NIH VideoCast - Toward Understanding COVID-19 Infection, Transmission, and Pathogenesis at Single-Cell Resolution with the Human Cell Atlas

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Toward Understanding COVID-19 Infection, Transmission, and Pathogenesis at Single-Cell Resolution with the Human Cell Atlas

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Air date:	Wednesday, June 3, 2020, 3:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 2,541 (1,518 Live, 1,023 On-demand)
Category:	COVID-19
Runtime:	01:01:22
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	NIH COVID-19 SIG Lecture Series The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, creates an urgent need for identifying molecular mechanisms that mediate viral entry, propagation, and tissue pathology. Single-cell analysis of healthy- and SARS-CoV-2-infected tissues offers a unique lens to identify these mechanisms. In an international integrated analysis of the Human Cell Atlas Lung Biological Network--which spans more than 100 single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq datasets previously collected from healthy tissues and includes many previously unpublished studies--we identified the cell types throughout the body most likely to be susceptible to viral entry. In line with epidemiological observations, we also identified increased expression of key mediators of SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry associated with increasing age, male gender, and smoking. In addition, we identified a gene program shared by these cells that includes genes that may mediate viral entry and play key immune roles, such as IL6 and its receptor and co-receptor, IL1R; TNF-response pathways; and complement genes. Following these studies, as the pandemic reached our local Boston community, we have adapted existing sample-processing pipelines with our collaborators in Boston hospitals and are using single-cell and spatial genomics techniques to procure, process, and analyze blood and post-mortem tissue from COVID-19 patients. We are using these pipelines to examine the tissue and immune cellular response to COVID-19, particularly to understand the factors underlying its severity in some individuals, and will share our preliminary results.

NLM Title:	Toward understanding COVID-19 infection, transmission, and pathogenesis at single-cell resolution with the Human Cell Atlas / Aviv Regev.
Author:	Regev, Aviv. National Institutes of Health (U.S.). COVID-19 Scientific Interest Group,
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): NIH COVID-19 SIG Lecture Series The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, creates an urgent need for identifying molecular mechanisms that mediate viral entry, propagation, and tissue pathology. Single-cell analysis of healthy- and SARS-CoV-2-infected tissues offers a unique lens to identify these mechanisms. In an international integrated analysis of the Human Cell Atlas Lung Biological Network--which spans more than 100 single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq datasets previously collected from healthy tissues and includes many previously unpublished studies--we identified the cell types throughout the body most likely to be susceptible to viral entry. In line with epidemiological observations, we also identified increased expression of key mediators of SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry associated with increasing age, male gender, and smoking. In addition, we identified a gene program shared by these cells that includes genes that may mediate viral entry and play key immune roles, such as IL6 and its receptor and co-receptor, IL1R; TNF-response pathways; and complement genes. Following these studies, as the pandemic reached our local Boston community, we have adapted existing sample-processing pipelines with our collaborators in Boston hospitals and are using single-cell and spatial genomics techniques to procure, process, and analyze blood and post-mortem tissue from COVID-19 patients. We are using these pipelines to examine the tissue and immune cellular response to COVID-19, particularly to understand the factors underlying its severity in some individuals, and will share our preliminary results.
Subjects:	Atlases as Topic Betacoronavirus--pathogenicity Coronavirus Infections--physiopathology Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral--physiopathology Single-Cell Analysis--methods
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	WC 505
NLM ID:	101769626
CIT Live ID:	37803
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=37803

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