NIH VideoCast - Learning About the Origin of Life from Efforts to Design an Artificial Cell

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Learning About the Origin of Life from Efforts to Design an Artificial Cell

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Air date:	Wednesday, December 12, 2007, 3:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 135 * This only includes stats from October 2011 and forward.
Category:	WALS - Wednesday Afternoon Lectures
Runtime:	01:05:55
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	The complexity of modern biological life has long made it difficult to understand how life could emerge spontaneously from the chemistry of the early earth. The key to resolving this mystery lies in the simplicity of the earliest living cells. Through our efforts to synthesize extremely simple artificial cells, we hope to discover plausible pathways for the transition from chemical evolution to Darwinian evolution. We view the two key components of a primitive cell as a self-replicating nucleic acid genome, and a self-replicating boundary structure. I will discuss recent experimental progress towards the synthesis of self-replicating nucleic acid and membrane vesicle systems, and the implications of these experiments for our understanding of the origin of life. Dr. Szostak is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, and the Alex Rich Distinguished Investigator in the Dept. of Molecular Biology and the Center for Computational and Integrative Biology at Massachusetts General Hospital. His current research interests are in the laboratory synthesis of self-replicating systems, the origin of life, and applied evolutionary chemistry. He and his colleagues have developed in vitro selection as a tool for the isolation of rare functional RNA, DNA and protein molecules from large pools of random sequences. His laboratory has used in vitro selection and directed evolution to isolate and characterize numerous nucleic acid sequences with specific ligand binding and catalytic properties. For this work, Dr. Szostak was awarded, along with Dr. Gerald Joyce, the 1994 National Academy of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology and the 1997 Sigrist Prize from the University of Bern. Dr. Szostak is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2000, Dr. Szostak was awarded the Medal of the Genetics Society of America, and in 2006 Dr. Szostak shared the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award with Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider. For more information, visit http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/szostak.html The NIH Director's Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series includes weekly scientific talks by some of the top researchers in the biomedical sciences worldwide.

NLM Title:	Learning about the origin of life from efforts to design an artificial cell / Jack W. Szostak.
Author:	Szostak, Jack W. National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): The complexity of modern biological life has long made it difficult to understand how life could emerge spontaneously from the chemistry of the early earth. The key to resolving this mystery lies in the simplicity of the earliest living cells. Through our efforts to synthesize extremely simple artificial cells, we hope to discover plausible pathways for the transition from chemical evolution to Darwinian evolution. We view the two key components of a primitive cell as a self-replicating nucleic acid genome, and a self-replicating boundary structure. I will discuss recent experimental progress towards the synthesis of self-replicating nucleic acid and membrane vesicle systems, and the implications of these experiments for our understanding of the origin of life. Dr. Szostak is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, and the Alex Rich Distinguished Investigator in the Dept. of Molecular Biology and the Center for Computational and Integrative Biology at Massachusetts General Hospital. His current research interests are in the laboratory synthesis of self-replicating systems, the origin of life, and applied evolutionary chemistry. He and his colleagues have developed in vitro selection as a tool for the isolation of rare functional RNA, DNA and protein molecules from large pools of random sequences. His laboratory has used in vitro selection and directed evolution to isolate and characterize numerous nucleic acid sequences with specific ligand binding and catalytic properties. For this work, Dr. Szostak was awarded, along with Dr. Gerald Joyce, the 1994 National Academy of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology and the 1997 Sigrist Prize from the University of Bern. Dr. Szostak is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2000, Dr. Szostak was awarded the Medal of the Genetics Society of America, and in 2006 Dr. Szostak shared the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award with Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider. For more information, visit http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/szostak.html The NIH Director's Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series includes weekly scientific talks by some of the top researchers in the biomedical sciences worldwide.
Subjects:	Biological Evolution Cytoplasmic Vesicles DNA--chemistry Origin of Life RNA--chemistry
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast
NLM Classification:	QH 325
NLM ID:	101463212
CIT Live ID:	6203
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=6203

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