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Social Cognitive Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex in Human Infants

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Air date: Monday, March 2, 2020, 12:00:00 PM
Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views: Total views: 455 (41 Live, 414 On-demand)
Category: Neuroscience
Runtime: 00:58:29
Description: NIH Neuroscience Series Seminar

Externally observable components of human actions carry only a tiny fraction of the information that matters. Human observers are vastly more interested in perceiving or inferring the mental states - the beliefs, desires and intentions - that lie behind the observable shell. If a person checks her watch, is she uncertain about the time, late for an appointment, or bored with the conversation? If a person shoots his friend on a hunting trip, did he intend revenge or just mistake his friend for a partridge? The mechanism people use to infer and reason about another person’s states of mind is called a ‘Theory of Mind’ (ToM). One of the most striking discoveries of recent human cognitive neuroscience - made in Dr. Saxe lab, and others - is that there is a group of brain regions in human cortex that selectively and specifically underlie ToM. Excitingly, most questions about these brain regions remain open.

Dr. Saxe lab studies Theory of Mind as a case study in the deeper and broader question: how does the brain - an electrical and biological machine - construct abstract thoughts? They use functional neuroimaging, behavioural studies with kids and adults, patient studies, and transcranial magnetic stimulation to study abstract representations in the human brain. In addition to Theory of Mind, their recent research investigates brain development, moral reasoning, causal reasoning, and language.

For more information go to https://neuroscience.nih.gov/ninds/Home.aspx
Author: Rebecca Saxe, PhD, MIT
 
CIT Live ID: 35611
Permanent link: https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=35611

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