NIH VideoCast - The Essential Role for Neutrophils in Blinding Fungal Infections of the Cornea

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The Essential Role for Neutrophils in Blinding Fungal Infections of the Cornea

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Air date:	Wednesday, October 19, 2016, 4:15:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 196 (32 Live, 164 On-demand)
Category:	Immunology
Runtime:	01:07:50
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	Immunology Interest Group Seminar Series Conventional wisdom views neutrophils as a homogeneous population of short-lived, terminally differentiated cells; however, several studies indicate that neutrophils survive longer in peripheral blood and also in inflammatory conditions as a result of anti-apoptotic signals. Further, there is compelling evidence that neutrophils are not terminally differentiated, as multiple stimuli induce gene expression and production of chemotactic and immunoregulatory cytokines that regulate inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic diseases. Our studies primarily use murine models of blinding fungal and bacterial infections of the cornea, where we found that neutrophils undergo profound transcriptional changes compared with bone marrow neutrophils. The effect of two of these neutrophil genes, IL-1β and IL-17A, will be discussed. Dr. Eric Pearlman is a Chancellor's Professor of Ophthalmology, and of Physiology and Biophysics, and the Director of the Institute of Immunology at the University of California, Irvine. Eric received his Ph.D. in Microbiology from the University of Texas in San Antonio. He did his postdoc at Case Western Reserve University, where he stayed as faculty and obtained Tenure before relocating to the University of California, Irvine. Throughout his career, Eric has contributed significantly to our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that modulate innate host defense during blinding ocular infections caused by parasites, bacteria and fungi. His lab's recent work has identified and characterized a novel population of neutrophils that produce IL-17A and express a functional IL-17 receptor, leading to neutrophil autocrine activation and enhanced fungal ocular clearance in vivo. In addition, his lab has recently provided important insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent IL-1β secretion in neutrophils. Eric has received several honors and awards and has served as Associate Editor at The Journal of Immunology.

NLM Title:	The essential role for neutrophils in blinding fungal infections of the cornea / Eric Pearlman ; Immunology Interest Group.
Author:	Pearlman, Eric. National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Immunology Interest Group,
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): Immunology Interest Group Seminar Series Conventional wisdom views neutrophils as a homogeneous population of short-lived, terminally differentiated cells; however, several studies indicate that neutrophils survive longer in peripheral blood and also in inflammatory conditions as a result of anti-apoptotic signals. Further, there is compelling evidence that neutrophils are not terminally differentiated, as multiple stimuli induce gene expression and production of chemotactic and immunoregulatory cytokines that regulate inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic diseases. Our studies primarily use murine models of blinding fungal and bacterial infections of the cornea, where we found that neutrophils undergo profound transcriptional changes compared with bone marrow neutrophils. The effect of two of these neutrophil genes, IL-1[beta] and IL-17A, will be discussed. Dr. Eric Pearlman is a Chancellor's Professor of Ophthalmology, and of Physiology and Biophysics, and the Director of the Institute of Immunology at the University of California, Irvine. Eric received his Ph.D. in Microbiology from the University of Texas in San Antonio. He did his postdoc at Case Western Reserve University, where he stayed as faculty and obtained Tenure before relocating to the University of California, Irvine. Throughout his career, Eric has contributed significantly to our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that modulate innate host defense during blinding ocular infections caused by parasites, bacteria and fungi. His lab's recent work has identified and characterized a novel population of neutrophils that produce IL-17A and express a functional IL-17 receptor, leading to neutrophil autocrine activation and enhanced fungal ocular clearance in vivo. In addition, his lab has recently provided important insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent IL-1[beta] secretion in neutrophils. Eric has received several honors and awards and has served as Associate Editor at The Journal of Immunology.
Subjects:	Blindness--immunology Corneal Diseases--immunology Eye Infections, Fungal--immunology Neutrophils--immunology
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	WW 220
NLM ID:	101696076
CIT Live ID:	18524
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=18524

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