NIH VideoCast - Inflammation, dysbiosis and chronic disease

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Inflammation, dysbiosis and chronic disease

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Air date:	Wednesday, March 18, 2015, 3:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 647 (212 Live, 435 On-demand)
Category:	WALS - Wednesday Afternoon Lectures
Runtime:	01:11:52
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series Dysregulation of the immune system and host-microbiota interaction has been associated with the development of a variety of inflammatory as well as metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Recent studies in Dr. Flavell's laboratory have elucidated the important function of inflammasomes as steady-state sensors and regulators of the gut microbiota. Mice with a disrupted inflammasome pathway have been shown to develop a colitogenic microbial community, which results in exacerbation of chemical-induced colitis and diet-induced steatohepatitis, obesity and type 2 diabetes. These disease phenotypes have been associated with dysbiosis resulting from the expansion of "pathobionts" which are believed to be causally driving pathogenesis. A key issue is to identify and isolate such problematic organisms. Dr. Flavell will discuss a new way that he and his colleagues have developed to identify and isolate such organisms from mice and humans. Using this approach, his lab has shown that predicted "pathobionts" from human patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that they isolated by this approach can drive susceptibility to severe IBD in germ-free mice, whereas predicted harmless microbes from the same patients do not. These data suggest a significant involvement of such microbes in human disease. For more information go to http://wals.od.nih.gov

NLM Title:	Inflammation, dysbiosis and chronic disease / Richard A. Flavell.
Author:	Flavell, R A. National Institutes of Health (U.S.),
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): Dysregulation of the immune system and host-microbiota interaction has been associated with the development of a variety of inflammatory as well as metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Recent studies in Dr. Flavell's laboratory have elucidated the important function of inflammasomes as steady-state sensors and regulators of the gut microbiota. Mice with a disrupted inflammasome pathway have been shown to develop a colitogenic microbial community, which results in exacerbation of chemical-induced colitis and diet-induced steatohepatitis, obesity and type 2 diabetes. These disease phenotypes have been associated with dysbiosis resulting from the expansion of "pathobionts" which are believed to be causally driving pathogenesis. A key issue is to identify and isolate such problematic organisms. Dr. Flavell will discuss a new way that he and his colleagues have developed to identify and isolate such organisms from mice and humans. Using this approach, his lab has shown that predicted "pathobionts" from human patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that they isolated by this approach can drive susceptibility to severe IBD in germ-free mice, whereas predicted harmless microbes from the same patients do not. These data suggest a significant involvement of such microbes in human disease.
Subjects:	Chronic Disease Dysbiosis--physiopathology Inflammasomes Inflammation--immunology
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	QW 700
NLM ID:	101655825
CIT Live ID:	15933
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=15933

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