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GOOD

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AFTERNOON, EVERYONE. WELCOME TO

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THE WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON LECTURE

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SERIES. FOR THOSE IN THE ROOM I

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VERY MUCH APPRECIATE YOU BRAVES

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ICEY WEATHER TO COME ON CAMPUS

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TO BE IN THE ROOM. THOSE ONLINE

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APPRECIATE YOU ARE -- HOPEFULLY

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YOU ARE IN A WARM SAFE PLACE.

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GET A HOT CHOCOLATE OR SOMETHING

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AND WATCHING THIS WOULD BE A

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NICE TREAT. TODAY, THIS IS A

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FIRST OF THE THREE SPECIAL NIH

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DIRECTORS LECTURE, THIS WALS

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SEASON. THESE SPEAKERS ARE

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SELECTED AMONG ALMOST 200 WALS

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NOMINATION BY THE NIH DIRECTOR

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MIC BY DR. LAWRENCE TABAK IN HIS

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ROLE AS ACTING NIH DIRECTOR, IN

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2023, 2024 SELECTIONS WHEN THEY

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WERE MADE.  DR. MONICA

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BERTONELLI THE NIH DIRECTOR WAS

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SUPPOSED TO INTRODUCE THE

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SPEAKER. UNFORTUNATELY COULDN'T

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MAKE IT BECAUSE HER FLIGHT WAS

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CANCELED DUE TO WEATHER SO YOU

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GOT ME, A MUCH LESS IMPORTANT

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PERSON INTRODUCING THE SPEAKER.

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I'M THE ACTING PSYCHODIRECTOR

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AND SUNY INVESTIGATOR NATIONAL

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INSTITUTE OF MINORITY AND HEALTH

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DISPARITYVING RESEARCH. HERE ONN

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BEOF THE HEALTH DISPARITY GROUP

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WHO NOMINATED THE SPEAKERS

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TODAY. THOSE WATCHING REMOTELY

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PARTICIPATE IN THE Q&A AFTER

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TODAY'S PRESENTATION. YOU CAN DO

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SO BY CLICKING ON THE BUTTON

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BELOW YOUR VIDEOCAST WINDOW.

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WHICH SAYS SEND LIVE FEEDBACK,

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CLICK ON THAT, TYPE IN YOUR NAME

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AND QUESTION AND WE WILL RELAY

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THIS INFORMATION TO DR. HEMENWAY

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AT THE END OF THE LECTURE. YOU

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CAN SHARE YOUR QUESTIONS ANY

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TIME. FOR THOSE IN THE AUDIENCE

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WE HAVE TWO MICROPHONES, YOU CAN

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USE THE ONE ON THE LEFT OR

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RIGHT, WHATEVER CLOSEST TO YOU

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OR FURTHER AWAY FROM YOU AND YOU

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CAN ASK QUESTIONS AFTER THE

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LECTURE. WE ALSO OFFER

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CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION

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CREDITS FOR THIS PRESENTATION.

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THE CME CODE TODAY IS 50108.

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REPEAT, 50108. NOW, LET'S TURN

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TO THE BUSINESS. LET ME

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INTRODUCE OUR SPEAKER TODAY. IN

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2016 FOLLOWING THE MASS SHOOTING

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IN THE U.S. AT A TIME -- AT THAT

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TIME IN FLORIDA, THE AMERICAN

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MEDICAL ASSOCIATION DECLARED GUN

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VIOLENCE IS A PUBLIC HEALTH

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CRISIS IN THE UNITED STATES.

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HOWEVER, SINCE THEN, THE CRISIS

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HAS ONLY GOTTEN WORSE. IN 2021

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THERE WERE 48,830 GUN RELATED

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DEATHS, 23% INCREASE FROM 2019

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NUMBER. EVEN WORSE GUN DEATH

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AMONG CHILDREN AN TEENAGERS ROSE

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50% DURING THOSE TWO YEARS. ALSO

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IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW GUN

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VIOLENCE DISPROPORTIONATELY

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AFFECTING COMMUNITIES

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EXPERIENCING HEALTH DISPARITY.

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SINCE GUN VIOLENCE A PUBLIC

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HEALTH CRISIS WE NEED A PUBLIC

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HEALTH APPROACH TO ADDRESS THIS

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CRISICRISIS. TODAY WE ARE FOR GO

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HAVE DR. DAVID HEMENWAY,

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PROFESSOR HEALTH POLICY HARVARD

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TH CHAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH

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AND CO-DIRECTOR HARVARD INJURY

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CONTROL RESOURCE CENTER TO TALK

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ABOUT THE PUBLIC HEALTH

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AAPPROPRIATE. HE IS AWARD

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WINNING EXPERT IN FIREARM

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VIOLENCE PREVENTION AMONG MANY

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RENDITIONS HE WAS RECOGNIZED BY

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CDC AS ONE OF THE 20 MOST

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INFLUENTIAL INJURY AND VIOLENCE

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PROFESSIONALS OVER THE PAST 20

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YEARS IN 2012. HE HAS ONE TEN

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HARVARD SCHOOL PUBLIC HEALTH

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TEACHING AWARDS AND INAUGURAL

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STUDENT ASSOCIATION COMMUNITY

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ENGAGEMENT AWARD.  IN 2020,

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2021, HE WAS PA RADCLIFFE FELLOW

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DISTINCTION FOR EXCEPTIONAL

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SCIENTISTS WRITERS SCHOLARS

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PUBLIC INTELLECTUALS AND ARTISTS

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WHO WORK -- WHOSE WORK IS MAKING

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A DIFFERENCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL

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FIELDS AS IN THE LARGER WORLD.

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DR. HEMENWAY RECEIVE HIS

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UNDERGRADUATE IN ECONOMICS FROM

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HARVARD UNIVERSITY, MASTERS

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DEGREE IN ECONOMICS FROM

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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, AND

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Ph.Ph.D. FROM HARVARD UNIVERSITY

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SINCE 197 HE DIRECT AND

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CO-DIRECT THE HARVARD INJURY

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RESOURCE CONSULT CENTER. HE'S

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WRITTEN FIVE BOOKS AND 125

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JOURNAL ARTICLES INCLUDING

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PRIVATE GUNS AN PUBLIC HEALTH,

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AND WHILE WE WERE SLEEPING

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SUCCESS STORIES IN INJURY AND

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VIOLENCE PREVENTION. HE MADE

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SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE

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FIREARM LITERATURE IN GUN

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OWNERSHIP, GUN TRAINING, AND

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PUBLIC USE TO REDUCE GUN

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VIOLENCE AND MANY OTHER ISSUES.

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IN LIGHT OF COLD OUTSIDE, HELP

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ME WELCOME DR. HEMENWAY.

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[APPLAUSE]

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>> SO I WILL TALK GUNS, I'M FROM

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NEW YORK, TALK TOO FAST. GUNS

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ARE A BIG PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM,

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THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH, I

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WILL TALK ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE

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OF DATA AND RESEARCH SINCE I'M

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HERE. AND LOOK AT TWO AREAINGS

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UNINTENTIONAL CHILD FIREARM

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FATALITIES AND SUICIDE

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PREVENTION. SO WE KNOW EXACTLY

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HOW MANY PEOPLE WERE SHOT AND

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KILLED EACH YEAR, WE DON'T KNOW

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ABOUT -- WE ONLY KNOW

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APPROXIMATELY HOW MANY SHOT,

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APPROXIMATELY HOW MANY CRIMINAL

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INCIDENTS THERE ARE BUT ALL

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THESE THINGS ARE A LOT. WHAT WE

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DO KNOW IS IF WE DO NOTHING OVER

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THE NEXT DECADE MORE THAN A

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MILLION AMERICANS WILL BE SHOT.

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IF WE LOOK AT THE DATA, WE HAVE

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A LOT OF SUICIDES, HOMICIDES,

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MOST SUICIDES ARE FIREARM

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SUICIDES MOST HOMICIDES ARE

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FIREARM SUICIDES.  IF WE TALK

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HOW MANY SIDES OR SUICIDES IN

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THE UNITED STATES YOU HAVE TO

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TALK ABOUT GUNS. THERE ARE MORE

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FIREARM SUICIDES THAN FIREARM

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HOMICIDES. OF COURSE THERE ARE

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MANY OTHER PROBLEMS THAN JUST

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PEOPLE DYING, THERE IS NON-FATAL

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INJURIES SPINAL CORD INJURIES SO

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FORTH. THERE IS INTIMIDATION

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WITH GUNS, A LOT OF ROBBERIES

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WITH GUNS. WE KNOW NOW THE

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EVIDENCE IS MORE EVERY YEAR

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ABOUT HOW EXPOSURE TO

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PARTICULARLY THE FIREARM

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VIOLENCE, INCREASES THE RISK OF

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LONG TERM TRAUMA. LONG TERM

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PHYSICAL PROBLEMS, LONG TERM

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MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS. THEN

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THERE'S ALL THESE OTHER PROBLEMS

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ASSOCIATED WITH GUNS AN GUN

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VIOLENCE. KEY THING IS THAT GUN

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VIOLENCE AMONG HIGH INCOME

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COUNTRIES IS AS UNIQUELY

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AMERICAN PROBLEM. WE ARE A

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CONSPICUOUS OUTLIER T TO COMPARD

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TO THE OTHER HIGH INCOME

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COUNTRIES 30 OR NO. WE ARE

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SIMILAR TO MOST OTHER COUNTRIES

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IN LOTS OF WAYS ONE WAY WE HAVE

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SIMILAR NON-GUN CRIME RATES IN

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TERMS OF THINGS LIKE SEXUAL

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ASSAULT, ROB BRINGS, WE HAVE

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SIMILAR VIOLENCE RATES, WE HAVE

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STUDIES DONE ABOUT IN SCHOOLS

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AND SIMILAR BULLYING RATES,

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SIMILAR AGGRESSION RATES,

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SIMILAR DEPRESSION RATES BUT WE

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ARE DIFFERENT IN ONE BIG AREA,

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AND THAT WE HAVE VERY DIFFERENT

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GUNS THAN WE HAVE, WE HAVE LOTS

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MORE GUNS WE HAVE PARTICULARLY

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MORE HANDGUNS THAN ARE AVAILABLE

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ELSEWHERE AND OVER THE LAST 20

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YEARS OR SO WE HAVE LOTS MORE

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MILITARY WEAPONS AND CIVIL -- IN

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CIVILIAN HANDS, COMPARED TO

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EVERY ONE OF THESE OTHER HIGH

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INCOME COUNTRIES WE HAVE BY FAR

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THE WEAKEST GUN CONTROL LAWS.

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THIS IS JUST GIVES YOU A FEELING

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ABOUT THE SIZE OF OUR PROBLEM

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RELATIVE TO OTHER HIGH INCOME

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COUNTRIES THAT WILL LOOK AT --

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LOOKS AT 5 TO 14-YEAR-OLDS, THE

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REASON FOR THEM IS BECAUSE IT IS

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HARD TO BLAME THE VICTIM AND

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THERE IS A LOT OF VICTIM BLAMING

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IN THIS AREA. THESE ARE KIDS WHO

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ARE BASICALLY K-8. WHAT THIS

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SAYS IS THAT A CHILD IN THE

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UNITED STATES K-8 HAS A LOT

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HIGHER RISK OF GUN HOMICIDE THAN

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BEING A VICTIM THAN A CHILD IN

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CANADA OR ENGLAND OR IN FRANCE

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OR JAPAN, KOREA, ANY OF THE

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OTHER 30 PLUS HIGH INCOME

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COUNTRIES IT IS NOT 50% HIGHER

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OR TWO TIMES HIGHER OR FIVE

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TIMES, IT IS ALMOST 27 TIMES

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HIGHER. OUR GUN SUICIDE RATE

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AMONG CHILDREN IS 27 TIMES

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HIGHER. A CHILD 14-YEAR-OLD

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FLUNKS A CLASS OR LITTLE

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GIRLFRIEND BREAKS UP WITH HIM,

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FINDS HIS DAD'S GUN BANG HE'S

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DEAD.  UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM

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DEATH RATE COMPARED TO OTHER

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CHILDREN IS 8 TIMES HIGHER. I

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TEACH AT PUBLIC HEALTH SCHOOL

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WITH INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AND

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THEY LOOK AT ME AND SAY WHY

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DON'T YOU GUYS DO SOMETHING. IT

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IS HARD TO EXPLAIN. LET ME TALK

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PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH. I HAVE

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BEEN TRYING TO PROMOTE PUBLIC

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HEALTH APPROACH FOR 30 OR MORE

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YEARS AND IT IS ACTUALLY WE HAVE

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HAD SOME SUCCESS ON TRACTION

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MORE AN MORE HERE, PROGRESSIVE

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POLICE CHIEFS IN CITIES SAYING

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WE CAN'T ARREST OUR WAY OUT OF

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THIS PROBLEM, WE NEED TO DO

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SOMETHING ELSE A PUBLIC HEALTH

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APPROACH. PEOPLE TALKING PUBLIC

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HEALTH APPROACH DON'T KNOW WHAT

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IT MEANS.  THIS IS WHAT IT MEANS

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TO ME. ONE SENTENCE DESCRIPTION

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OF PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH IS

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LET'S MAKE IT EASY FOR PEOPLE TO

252
00:09:25,932 --> 00:09:27,833
STAY HEALTHY, HARD FOR THEM TO

253
00:09:27,900 --> 00:09:30,937
BECOME SICK OR INJURED. I DO A

254
00:09:31,003 --> 00:09:32,805
LITTLE WORK IN OBESITY

255
00:09:32,872 --> 00:09:36,342
PREVENTION BECAUSE IT HASN'T HAD

256
00:09:36,409 --> 00:09:37,810
ENOUGH MONEY FOR ME IN THE GUN

257
00:09:37,877 --> 00:09:39,612
RESEARCH AREA. AND WHAT DOES

258
00:09:39,679 --> 00:09:41,814
THIS MEAN IN TERMS OF OBESITY?

259
00:09:41,881 --> 00:09:43,616
MAKE IT REALLY EASY FOR PEOPLE

260
00:09:43,683 --> 00:09:47,053
TO GET HEALTHY EXERCISE MAKE IT

261
00:09:47,119 --> 00:09:48,754
HARD TO BECOME A COUCH POTATO,

262
00:09:48,821 --> 00:09:50,656
MAKE IT EASY FOR THEM TO GET

263
00:09:50,723 --> 00:09:51,724
HEALTHY FOODS, MAKE IT HARDER

264
00:09:51,791 --> 00:09:56,195
FOR THEM TO GET JUST SCUGGER

265
00:09:56,262 --> 00:09:57,330
SNACKS.  WE DO THE OPPOSITE IN

266
00:09:57,396 --> 00:09:59,365
THE UNITED STATES, WHY ARE WE

267
00:09:59,432 --> 00:10:00,666
SURPRISED WE HAVE THE BIG

268
00:10:00,733 --> 00:10:04,337
OBESITY PROBLEM. KEY ELEMENTS OF

269
00:10:04,403 --> 00:10:05,805
PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH, THE

270
00:10:05,871 --> 00:10:07,373
FIRST IS MOST IMPORTANT.

271
00:10:07,440 --> 00:10:08,874
PREVENTION. PREVENTION

272
00:10:08,941 --> 00:10:10,309
PREVENTION. PREVENTION. THAT IS

273
00:10:10,376 --> 00:10:12,345
WHAT IT IS.  YOU ARE TRYING TO

274
00:10:12,411 --> 00:10:14,447
PREVENT FOR ANY INJURY PROBABLY

275
00:10:14,513 --> 00:10:16,248
A DOZEN THINGS HAVE TO HAPPEN,

276
00:10:16,315 --> 00:10:17,883
IF YOU CHANGE ANY ONE OF DOZEN

277
00:10:17,950 --> 00:10:20,286
THINGS THE INJURY WOULDN'T HAVE

278
00:10:20,353 --> 00:10:21,821
HAPPENED. AND WHAT WE LEARNED

279
00:10:21,887 --> 00:10:24,757
FROM LOOKING AT VARIOUS INJURIES

280
00:10:24,824 --> 00:10:27,193
IS THAT TYPICALLY UPSTREAM

281
00:10:27,259 --> 00:10:28,861
PREVENTION NOT WAITING TO THE

282
00:10:28,928 --> 00:10:30,363
LAST SECOND NOT FOCUSING ON THE

283
00:10:30,429 --> 00:10:32,732
INDIVIDUAL INJURED OR INDIVIDUAL

284
00:10:32,798 --> 00:10:34,233
WHO IMMEDIATELY CAUSED THE

285
00:10:34,300 --> 00:10:36,802
INJURY, BUT IF YOU GO UPSTREAM

286
00:10:36,869 --> 00:10:38,604
IT IS MUCH MORE EFFECTIVE TO

287
00:10:38,671 --> 00:10:40,840
MAKE CHANGES UPSTREAM, TYPICALLY

288
00:10:40,906 --> 00:10:43,075
MORE COST EFFECTIVE. WE WILL

289
00:10:43,142 --> 00:10:44,977
TALK ABOUT THAT A LOT.  PUBLIC

290
00:10:45,044 --> 00:10:47,680
HELP IS NOT NAMED INDIVIDUALS

291
00:10:47,747 --> 00:10:52,251
BUT POPULATION BASED APPROACH SO

292
00:10:52,318 --> 00:10:54,820
THAT FOR EXAMPLE, SOMETIMES I

293
00:10:54,887 --> 00:10:58,024
GIVE A LECTURE TO PSYCHIATRISTS,

294
00:10:58,090 --> 00:10:59,625
IF I'M TALKING TO PSYCHIATRISTS

295
00:10:59,692 --> 00:11:02,128
IN BOSTON I MIGHT ASK WHY DO YOU

296
00:11:02,194 --> 00:11:04,263
THINK THAT MASSACHUSETTS HAS

297
00:11:04,330 --> 00:11:06,699
SUCH LOWER SUICIDE RATE THAN A

298
00:11:06,766 --> 00:11:08,834
STATE LIKE ARIZONA WHICH HAS THE

299
00:11:08,901 --> 00:11:11,971
SAME POPULATION? AND THEIR

300
00:11:12,038 --> 00:11:13,639
CORRECT RESPONSE IS GEE, WE

301
00:11:13,706 --> 00:11:16,409
DIDN'T KNOW THAT BECAUSE THEY

302
00:11:16,475 --> 00:11:18,210
DIDN'T KNOW THAT, THEY ARE NOT

303
00:11:18,277 --> 00:11:19,378
INTERESTED IN THAT, THEY ARE

304
00:11:19,445 --> 00:11:20,513
INTERESTED IN INDIVIDUALS AND WE

305
00:11:20,579 --> 00:11:22,114
ARE INTERESTED IN POPULATIONS, I

306
00:11:22,181 --> 00:11:24,784
PRESSED THEM WHY DO YOU THINK

307
00:11:24,850 --> 00:11:26,786
THAT IS? THEY COME UP WITH

308
00:11:26,852 --> 00:11:27,920
DIFFERENT THINGS LIKE MAYBE THE

309
00:11:27,987 --> 00:11:29,622
IMMIGRANTS, MAYBE THE SUN, MAYBE

310
00:11:29,688 --> 00:11:30,890
THEY DON'T HAVE ENOUGH

311
00:11:30,956 --> 00:11:32,091
PSYCHIATRISTS.  OF COURSE IT IS

312
00:11:32,158 --> 00:11:33,325
NONE OF THOSE. WHAT IS THE

313
00:11:33,392 --> 00:11:37,063
ANSWER? WHY DOES ARIZONA HAVE SO

314
00:11:37,129 --> 00:11:37,963
MANY MORE SUICIDES THAN

315
00:11:38,030 --> 00:11:39,131
MASSACHUSETTS? THE ANSWER IS

316
00:11:39,198 --> 00:11:40,800
GUNS. THAT'S THE ANSWER. IF I

317
00:11:40,866 --> 00:11:41,867
ASKED YOU ANY QUESTIONS THAT'S

318
00:11:41,934 --> 00:11:44,737
GOING TO BE THE ANSWER TO THIS.

319
00:11:44,804 --> 00:11:47,840
PUBLIC HEALTH IS ABOUT TRYING --

320
00:11:47,907 --> 00:11:49,175
IS BROADENING THE APPROACH

321
00:11:49,241 --> 00:11:50,309
RATHER THAN NARROWING THE

322
00:11:50,376 --> 00:11:51,977
APPROACH, TRYING TO GET

323
00:11:52,044 --> 00:11:54,513
EVERYBODY TO HELP EVERYBODY TO

324
00:11:54,580 --> 00:11:56,148
SEE -- SEEN AS PART OF THE

325
00:11:56,215 --> 00:11:57,683
SOLUTION RATHER THIS THAN PART

326
00:11:57,750 --> 00:11:59,351
OF PROBLEM SO LESS BLAME AND

327
00:11:59,418 --> 00:12:01,520
MORE SHARED RESPONSIBILITY AND

328
00:12:01,587 --> 00:12:03,055
THE PROBLEM WITH BLAME SOMETIMES

329
00:12:03,122 --> 00:12:04,523
BLAME IS USEFUL BUT FOR

330
00:12:04,590 --> 00:12:06,058
PREVENTION MOSTLY THE PROBLEM

331
00:12:06,125 --> 00:12:08,327
WITH BLAME IS IT MEANS IT IS

332
00:12:08,394 --> 00:12:09,328
SOMEBODY ELSE'S FAULT, WE DON'T

333
00:12:09,395 --> 00:12:11,130
HAVE TO DO ANYTHING ABOUT IT. WE

334
00:12:11,197 --> 00:12:12,498
WANT EVERYONE TO DO SOMETHING

335
00:12:12,565 --> 00:12:15,000
ABOUT IT. THE PUBLIC HEALTH

336
00:12:15,067 --> 00:12:17,103
APPROACH IS A HARM REDUCTION

337
00:12:17,169 --> 00:12:18,704
APPROACH, IT IS BASICALLY --

338
00:12:18,771 --> 00:12:20,906
LET'S STEP BACK AND ASK FIRST WE

339
00:12:20,973 --> 00:12:22,475
HAVE TO AGREE THERE IS A PROBLEM

340
00:12:22,541 --> 00:12:24,076
AND LET'S FIGURE OUT HOW ALL

341
00:12:24,143 --> 00:12:25,978
DIFFERENT SECTORS OF SOCIETY CAN

342
00:12:26,045 --> 00:12:28,614
HELP SOLVE THE PROBLEM.

343
00:12:28,681 --> 00:12:29,982
EVERYBODY IS PART OF THE

344
00:12:30,049 --> 00:12:31,917
SOLUTION. GUN MANUFACTURERS, GUN

345
00:12:31,984 --> 00:12:34,587
OWNERS, THE FAITH COMMUNITY,

346
00:12:34,653 --> 00:12:36,155
ACTUARIES, THE POLICE,

347
00:12:36,222 --> 00:12:37,723
POLITICIANS, HAIRDRESSERS, SO

348
00:12:37,790 --> 00:12:39,625
FORTH, WE WORKED WITH A LOT OF

349
00:12:39,692 --> 00:12:41,627
GROUPS, WE WORK WITH BARBERS

350
00:12:41,694 --> 00:12:43,529
FIGURING WAYS THEY CAN REDUCE

351
00:12:43,596 --> 00:12:47,700
GUN VIOLENCE. ONE GREAT INJURY

352
00:12:47,766 --> 00:12:51,470
PREVENTION SUCCESS STORIES, IS

353
00:12:51,537 --> 00:12:53,172
THE MOTOR VEHICLE SUCCESS STORY.

354
00:12:53,239 --> 00:12:55,107
A STORY WE AND THE INJURY

355
00:12:55,174 --> 00:12:56,609
PREVENTION WORLD TELL GRADUATE

356
00:12:56,675 --> 00:12:58,177
STUDENTS OVER THE CAMPFIRE AND

357
00:12:58,244 --> 00:13:01,247
PASSED DOWN FROM GENERATION TO

358
00:13:01,313 --> 00:13:02,414
GENERATION. STORY GOES LIKE

359
00:13:02,481 --> 00:13:07,052
THIS. IN THE 1950s WE WERE

360
00:13:07,119 --> 00:13:09,855
TOLD OVER AND OVER THAT MOST

361
00:13:09,922 --> 00:13:12,491
MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES DUE TO

362
00:13:12,558 --> 00:13:15,227
DRIVER ERROR. THERE ARE TIRED

363
00:13:15,294 --> 00:13:17,496
DRIVERS DISTRACTED DRIVERS.

364
00:13:17,563 --> 00:13:18,697
DRIVERS MAKE MISTAKES ALL THE

365
00:13:18,764 --> 00:13:21,300
TIMEMENT IF DRIVERS NEVER MADE

366
00:13:21,367 --> 00:13:22,401
MISTAKES THERE WOULD BE ALMOST

367
00:13:22,468 --> 00:13:25,404
NO CRASHES. MOST MOTOR VEHICLE

368
00:13:25,471 --> 00:13:27,940
FATALITIES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH

369
00:13:28,007 --> 00:13:30,176
DELIBERATE UNLAWFUL BEHAVIOR. IT

370
00:13:30,242 --> 00:13:32,411
IS THE ASSOCIATED WITH SPEEDING,

371
00:13:32,478 --> 00:13:34,213
WITH DRUNK DRIVING, WITH TEXTING

372
00:13:34,280 --> 00:13:36,215
WHILE DRIVING, IF WE DIDN'T --

373
00:13:36,282 --> 00:13:38,150
IF EVERYONE OBEYED THE LAW, ALL

374
00:13:38,217 --> 00:13:40,586
WE HAVE TO DO OBEY THE LAW ALL

375
00:13:40,653 --> 00:13:43,155
THE TIME WE COULD ELIMINATE MOST

376
00:13:43,222 --> 00:13:44,723
TRAFFIC FATALITIES INCLUDING

377
00:13:44,790 --> 00:13:47,092
PEDESTRIANS IF THEY OBEYED THE

378
00:13:47,159 --> 00:13:48,861
LAW. SO WHAT WE ARE TOLD OF

379
00:13:48,928 --> 00:13:52,198
COURSE THAT THIS IS THE TRUTH

380
00:13:52,264 --> 00:13:53,599
WHAT WE WISH IN SOME SENSE IT

381
00:13:53,666 --> 00:13:55,734
IS, WHAT SHOULD WE DO, EDUCATE

382
00:13:55,801 --> 00:13:56,902
DRIVERS, AND WE SHOULD ENFORCE

383
00:13:56,969 --> 00:13:59,071
THE TRAFFIC LAW. EDUCATION

384
00:13:59,138 --> 00:14:00,539
ENFORCEMENT IS THE GUN MESSAGE

385
00:14:00,606 --> 00:14:04,043
OF THE GUN LOBBY TODAY, EDUCATE

386
00:14:04,109 --> 00:14:06,745
PEOPLE WITH THE 80 EAGLE PROGRAM

387
00:14:06,812 --> 00:14:08,113
SHOWN NOT TO HAVE EFFECT AND

388
00:14:08,180 --> 00:14:09,148
ENFORCE THE LAWS THROWING MORE

389
00:14:09,215 --> 00:14:10,716
PEOPLE IN JAIL. WE HAVE THE

390
00:14:10,783 --> 00:14:12,651
HIGHEST NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN JAIL

391
00:14:12,718 --> 00:14:14,386
PER CAPITA OF ANY COUNTRY IN THE

392
00:14:14,453 --> 00:14:17,423
WORLD ALREADY. BUT FORTUNATELY

393
00:14:17,489 --> 00:14:19,291
IN THE 1950s PUBLIC HEALTH

394
00:14:19,358 --> 00:14:21,227
PHYSICIANS ASKED A DIFFERENT

395
00:14:21,293 --> 00:14:23,762
QUESTION. NOT WHO WAS RESPONSE

396
00:14:23,829 --> 00:14:26,365
-- WHO SCAWSED THE CRASH, BUT

397
00:14:26,432 --> 00:14:30,769
WHAT CAUSED THE INJURY. PEOPLE

398
00:14:30,836 --> 00:14:33,138
WERE BEING SPEARED BY STEERING

399
00:14:33,205 --> 00:14:34,840
COLUMNS IN THEIR CHEST, FACES

400
00:14:34,907 --> 00:14:38,077
LACERATED BY GLASS WHEN THEIR

401
00:14:38,143 --> 00:14:39,311
HEAD HIT P WIN FIELD AND WENT

402
00:14:39,378 --> 00:14:42,047
THROUGH, THEY LEAVE THE ROAD ONE

403
00:14:42,114 --> 00:14:45,551
SECOND AND GO HIT A TREE OR LAMP

404
00:14:45,618 --> 00:14:47,186
POST PLANTED ALONG THE SIDE OF

405
00:14:47,253 --> 00:14:50,022
HIGHWAYS.  WE PUBLIC HEALTH

406
00:14:50,089 --> 00:14:51,323
PHYSICIANS SAY COUP WE MAKE THE

407
00:14:51,390 --> 00:14:53,325
ROADS SAFER MAKE THE CARS

408
00:14:53,392 --> 00:14:55,461
SAFERRER, MAKE THE EMERGENCY

409
00:14:55,527 --> 00:14:57,196
MEDICAL SYSTEM SAFER? THIS IS

410
00:14:57,263 --> 00:14:59,131
BASICALLY THE PICTURE OF MY

411
00:14:59,198 --> 00:15:02,668
FIRST CAR I DROVE AFTER A YEAR

412
00:15:02,735 --> 00:15:05,070
ON DRIVERS EDUCATION, WHICH HAS

413
00:15:05,137 --> 00:15:07,239
SHOWN NOT TO HAVE EFFECT ON

414
00:15:07,306 --> 00:15:08,774
FATALITY RATES BUT MANDATED

415
00:15:08,841 --> 00:15:09,975
WHERE I WENT TO SCHOOL IN

416
00:15:10,042 --> 00:15:12,211
ILLINOIS. MY CAR, HERE IT IS, NO

417
00:15:12,278 --> 00:15:14,346
SEAT BELTS DIDN'T HAVE ANY AIR

418
00:15:14,413 --> 00:15:17,149
BAGS OR A STEERING COLUMN OR A

419
00:15:17,216 --> 00:15:19,051
CRASH WEATHER INTERIOR,

420
00:15:19,118 --> 00:15:21,086
LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS, DIDN'T

421
00:15:21,153 --> 00:15:23,022
HAVE EMERGENCY AUTOMATIC

422
00:15:23,088 --> 00:15:25,057
BREAKING, LANE DEPARTURE

423
00:15:25,124 --> 00:15:26,792
WARNINGS, REAR FACING CAMERAS

424
00:15:26,859 --> 00:15:28,861
BLIND SPOT DETECTION. FINALLY WE

425
00:15:28,927 --> 00:15:30,863
HAVE BLIND SPOT DETECTION.

426
00:15:30,929 --> 00:15:32,498
ALMOST ALL MY LIFE THE DANGEROUS

427
00:15:32,564 --> 00:15:33,966
THING IS SOMEBODY IS DRIVING

428
00:15:34,033 --> 00:15:35,567
THEREN I HAVE TO TURN AND SEE IF

429
00:15:35,634 --> 00:15:37,803
THEY ARE THERE. COME ON, YOU --

430
00:15:37,870 --> 00:15:40,372
PEOPLE ARE ENGINEERS THEY CAN DO

431
00:15:40,439 --> 00:15:43,142
BETTER, FINALLY THEY HAVE. ROADS

432
00:15:43,208 --> 00:15:44,810
ARE MUCH BETTER CARS AND MUST

433
00:15:44,877 --> 00:15:47,246
HAVE SAFER THE PUNCH LINE OF

434
00:15:47,313 --> 00:15:49,415
COURSE IS NOT -- 75 YEARS LATER

435
00:15:49,481 --> 00:15:50,783
NOBODY THINKS DRIVERS ARE BETTER

436
00:15:50,849 --> 00:15:52,151
TODAY THAN THEY WERE IN THE

437
00:15:52,217 --> 00:15:53,519
1950s. BUT DRIVERS TODAY ARE

438
00:15:53,585 --> 00:15:55,821
BETTER ABOUT DRUNK DRIVING, THEY

439
00:15:55,888 --> 00:15:58,057
ARE WORSE ABOUT DISTRACTED

440
00:15:58,123 --> 00:15:59,692
DRIVING AND NOW IN MASSACHUSETTS

441
00:15:59,758 --> 00:16:01,694
ANYWAY DRIVING WITH MARIJUANA IN

442
00:16:01,760 --> 00:16:04,496
THEIR SYSTEM. BUFFET TALLTIES

443
00:16:04,563 --> 00:16:06,699
PER MILE DRIVEN HAVE FALLEN OVER

444
00:16:06,765 --> 00:16:08,801
90%. IT DOESN'T MEAN YOU

445
00:16:08,867 --> 00:16:09,935
SHOULDN'T TRY TO CHANGE DRIVERS,

446
00:16:10,002 --> 00:16:12,004
IT IS HARD TO DO AND A LOT

447
00:16:12,071 --> 00:16:13,939
EASIER MORE COST EFFECTIVE OFTEN

448
00:16:14,006 --> 00:16:17,476
TO CHANGE THE AGENT OF INJURY OR

449
00:16:17,543 --> 00:16:18,877
THE ENVIRONMENT. THIS IS THE KEY

450
00:16:18,944 --> 00:16:21,146
INSIGHT I THINK TO THIS MOTOR

451
00:16:21,213 --> 00:16:23,349
VEHICLE SUCCESS STORY, YOU DON'T

452
00:16:23,415 --> 00:16:25,417
HAVE TO CHANGE PEOPLE. IF IT IS

453
00:16:25,484 --> 00:16:27,219
GOING TO BE INCREDIBLY EXPENSIVE

454
00:16:27,286 --> 00:16:28,787
AND NOT EFFECTIVE. WHAT YOU WANT

455
00:16:28,854 --> 00:16:33,225
TO DO IS CREATE A SYSTEM OR IT

456
00:16:33,292 --> 00:16:36,762
IS HARD TO MAKE MISTAKES OR HARD

457
00:16:36,829 --> 00:16:38,130
TO BEHAVE INAPPROPRIATELY. IF

458
00:16:38,197 --> 00:16:40,332
SOME PEOPLE STILL MAKE MISTAKES

459
00:16:40,399 --> 00:16:41,800
AND BEHAVE INAPPROPRIATELY, NO

460
00:16:41,867 --> 00:16:44,269
ONE IS SERIOUSLY INJURED. WHAT

461
00:16:44,336 --> 00:16:45,904
DOES THIS MEAN? YOU ARE DRIVING

462
00:16:45,971 --> 00:16:48,006
ALONG AND FALLING ASLEEP, YOU GO

463
00:16:48,073 --> 00:16:49,341
OFF THE ROAD AND YOU HIT TREE,

464
00:16:49,408 --> 00:16:51,143
YOU ARE DEAD. THAT'S WHAT

465
00:16:51,210 --> 00:16:52,644
HAPPENED TO A FRIEND OF MINE IN

466
00:16:52,711 --> 00:16:54,413
THE 1950s. BUT WHAT YOU HAVE

467
00:16:54,480 --> 00:16:56,648
NOW IS DRIVING ALONG GOING TO

468
00:16:56,715 --> 00:16:58,917
SLEEP SUDDENLY YOU EITHER HIT IF

469
00:16:58,984 --> 00:17:01,153
IN CALIFORNIA BOX BUMP BUMP BUMP

470
00:17:01,220 --> 00:17:02,955
TO WAKE YOU UP OR NOW IF YOU

471
00:17:03,021 --> 00:17:04,323
HAVE A REASONABLE CAR IT GOES

472
00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:06,058
BEEP BEEP BEEP AND WAKES YOU UP,

473
00:17:06,125 --> 00:17:08,494
SAYS WAKE UP STUPID YOU GO BACK

474
00:17:08,560 --> 00:17:10,429
IN LINE AND NOTHING BAD HAPPENS

475
00:17:10,496 --> 00:17:11,296
THAT'S THE KIND OF SYSTEM YOU

476
00:17:11,363 --> 00:17:14,299
WANT. ANOTHER EXAMPLE, REASON I

477
00:17:14,366 --> 00:17:15,567
PUT THIS IN IS BECAUSE I WAS

478
00:17:15,634 --> 00:17:16,635
HERE WHEN THEY WERE BUILDING

479
00:17:16,702 --> 00:17:19,171
THIS METRO IN DC. THEY SPENT A

480
00:17:19,238 --> 00:17:20,472
LOT OF TIME IN ENERGY TRYING TO

481
00:17:20,539 --> 00:17:22,841
MAKE SO DC METRO WOULD BE SAFE.

482
00:17:22,908 --> 00:17:25,844
THEY DID ALL THESE THINGS TO IT,

483
00:17:25,911 --> 00:17:28,680
TV CAMERAS, NOT KEEPING --

484
00:17:28,747 --> 00:17:30,616
HAVING NO LONG WINDING CORRIDORS

485
00:17:30,682 --> 00:17:34,319
AND NOT HAVING FOOD IN THERE SO

486
00:17:34,386 --> 00:17:37,656
FORTH. THEY HAD GONE TO ALL THE

487
00:17:37,723 --> 00:17:39,591
SUBWAY SYSTEMS AROUND THE WORLD

488
00:17:39,658 --> 00:17:41,527
TO FIGURE WHERE PEOPLE WERE

489
00:17:41,593 --> 00:17:43,862
MUGGED AND THEY BUILT A BETTER

490
00:17:43,929 --> 00:17:45,531
SYSTEM. AT LEAST IN THE FIRST

491
00:17:45,597 --> 00:17:48,000
DECADE OR SO, I DON'T KNOW, I

492
00:17:48,066 --> 00:17:50,235
HAVEN'T FOLLOWED IN D.C. BUT

493
00:17:50,302 --> 00:17:51,970
MURDER RATE ROBBERY ASSAULT RATE

494
00:17:52,037 --> 00:17:53,472
WAS A FOURTH OF WHAT IT WAS IN

495
00:17:53,539 --> 00:17:58,010
CHICAGO OR NEW YORK OR BOSTON OR

496
00:17:58,076 --> 00:17:59,578
TOKYO. IT IS NOT BECAUSE YOU

497
00:17:59,645 --> 00:18:02,681
GUYS WERE NICER THAN WE WERE. IT

498
00:18:02,748 --> 00:18:04,183
IS JUST THAT YOU HAVE A BETTER

499
00:18:04,249 --> 00:18:08,987
SYSTEM. SO AS I MENTIONED, I

500
00:18:09,054 --> 00:18:10,355
WROTE THIS BOOK HOW TO PREVENT

501
00:18:10,422 --> 00:18:12,624
GUN VIOLENCE AND THIS HERE IS

502
00:18:12,691 --> 00:18:13,992
THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH, ALL

503
00:18:14,059 --> 00:18:15,928
THE THINGS WE CAN DO, ONLY $25

504
00:18:15,994 --> 00:18:19,531
ON AMAZON. THERE'S SO MANY

505
00:18:19,598 --> 00:18:20,766
THINGS THAT CAN BE DONE, I'LL

506
00:18:20,833 --> 00:18:22,868
MENTION A FEW THAT MANUFACTURERS

507
00:18:22,935 --> 00:18:24,970
CAN DO TO REDUCE CRIME, IT WOULD

508
00:18:25,037 --> 00:18:27,406
BE NICE IF THEY MADE IT HARD TO

509
00:18:27,473 --> 00:18:28,841
OBLITERATE SERIAL NUMBERS ON

510
00:18:28,907 --> 00:18:30,776
GUNS RATHER THAN EASY RIGHT NOW.

511
00:18:30,843 --> 00:18:32,678
A LOT OF GUNS CAN'T BE TRACED

512
00:18:32,744 --> 00:18:35,314
BECAUSE THE SERIAL NUMBER IS

513
00:18:35,380 --> 00:18:37,983
OBLITERATED WHY? SO EASY TO

514
00:18:38,050 --> 00:18:38,984
OBLITERATE, THEY CAN MAKE IT

515
00:18:39,051 --> 00:18:40,719
HARD TO OBLITERATE, WOULD BE

516
00:18:40,786 --> 00:18:42,521
NICE BUT THEY DON'T DO IT. WOULD

517
00:18:42,588 --> 00:18:44,223
BE NICE TO KNOW WHEN A GUN WAS

518
00:18:44,289 --> 00:18:46,225
-- WHEN A BULLET WAS FIRED YOU

519
00:18:46,291 --> 00:18:47,793
GOT THE BULLET OR CASING THAT

520
00:18:47,860 --> 00:18:49,962
YOU CAN TRACE IT EXACTLY TO NOT

521
00:18:50,028 --> 00:18:52,965
THE MAKE MODEL OF THE GUN BUT

522
00:18:53,031 --> 00:18:54,433
THE EXACT GUN. THAT IS NOT THAT

523
00:18:54,500 --> 00:18:59,872
HARD TO DO DO. BALLISTIC

524
00:18:59,938 --> 00:19:01,206
FINGERPRINTING, IT IS 2024 WE

525
00:19:01,273 --> 00:19:03,242
CAN DO ALL THESE THINGS WE CAN

526
00:19:03,308 --> 00:19:04,843
DO BALLISTIC FINGERPRINTING AND

527
00:19:04,910 --> 00:19:07,913
MAKE IT EASIER TO CATCH THE BAD

528
00:19:07,980 --> 00:19:10,215
GUYS. TO REDUCE OXIDANTS WILL

529
00:19:10,282 --> 00:19:11,450
ARE THINGS THAT CAN BE DONE

530
00:19:11,517 --> 00:19:13,585
ABOUT COUPLE OF DECADES AGO I

531
00:19:13,652 --> 00:19:15,354
WAS AT A CONFERENCE OF THE

532
00:19:15,420 --> 00:19:17,623
AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH

533
00:19:17,689 --> 00:19:18,824
ASSOCIATION AND WE WERE IN LINE

534
00:19:18,891 --> 00:19:22,194
AT A RESTAURANT AND FEMALE

535
00:19:22,261 --> 00:19:23,228
DELEGATE DROPPED SOMETHING FROM

536
00:19:23,295 --> 00:19:25,264
HER PURSE, A NICE LOCAL WENT TO

537
00:19:25,330 --> 00:19:27,132
PICK IT UP OUT OF HIS POCKET,

538
00:19:27,199 --> 00:19:28,967
DROPPED IT THERE, HIT THE GROUND

539
00:19:29,034 --> 00:19:30,736
BANG WENT OFF AND THE BULLET

540
00:19:30,802 --> 00:19:33,038
WENT THROUGH TWO FEMALE

541
00:19:33,105 --> 00:19:33,839
DELEGATES WHO WERE RACED TO THE

542
00:19:33,906 --> 00:19:34,573
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. WE

543
00:19:34,640 --> 00:19:36,308
SHOULDN'T HAVE ANY GUNS THAT CAN

544
00:19:36,375 --> 00:19:37,643
GO OFF WHEN THEY ARE DROPPED.

545
00:19:37,709 --> 00:19:40,445
THAT IS SILLY. I WILL TALK ABOUT

546
00:19:40,512 --> 00:19:41,680
CHILD PROOF GUNS AND MAGAZINE

547
00:19:41,747 --> 00:19:43,549
SAFETIES IN A MINUTE. THERE'S SO

548
00:19:43,615 --> 00:19:46,652
MANY THINGS WE SHOULD HAVE, WE

549
00:19:46,718 --> 00:19:47,786
SHOULD HAVE BETTER PERSONALIZED

550
00:19:47,853 --> 00:19:49,855
GUNS IN THE SENSE THAT IT SHOULD

551
00:19:49,922 --> 00:19:52,524
BE SO THAT NOBODY ELSE CAN USE

552
00:19:52,591 --> 00:19:55,794
MY GUN IF IT GETS STOLEN. RIGHT

553
00:19:55,861 --> 00:20:00,832
NOW THERE ARE I THINK 350,000

554
00:20:00,899 --> 00:20:01,700
GUN A YEAR WHICH STOLEN. IT IS

555
00:20:01,767 --> 00:20:02,834
ONE OF THE MANY WAYS IN WHICH IT

556
00:20:02,901 --> 00:20:05,504
IS REALLY EASY FOR THE WRONG

557
00:20:05,571 --> 00:20:08,240
PEOPLE TO GET HOLD OF GUNS. YOUR

558
00:20:08,307 --> 00:20:09,775
CELL PHONE IF YOU LOSE YOUR CELL

559
00:20:09,841 --> 00:20:12,110
PHONE YOU CAN MAKE SURE OTHERS

560
00:20:12,177 --> 00:20:14,446
CAN'T USE IT. YOU OUGHT TO BE

561
00:20:14,513 --> 00:20:16,048
ABLE TO DO THE SAME WITH YOUR

562
00:20:16,114 --> 00:20:19,117
GUN. THERE ARE LOTS OF PUBLIC

563
00:20:19,184 --> 00:20:21,520
HEALTH SUCCESSES, LOTS OF INJURY

564
00:20:21,587 --> 00:20:22,888
PREVENTION SUCCESSES, WHY NOT IN

565
00:20:22,955 --> 00:20:24,423
FIREARM?

566
00:20:24,489 --> 00:20:26,858
I WROTE A BOOK A FEW YEARS AGO,

567
00:20:26,925 --> 00:20:30,095
AGAIN, ONLY $25 ON AMAZON.COM.

568
00:20:30,162 --> 00:20:31,563
CALLED WHILE WE WERE SLEEPING,

569
00:20:31,630 --> 00:20:34,666
IT IS 64 DOCUMENTED SUCCESSES

570
00:20:34,733 --> 00:20:37,469
HOW THE WORLD IS MADE SAFER.

571
00:20:37,536 --> 00:20:39,972
FORTUNATELY NICELY I'M SO HAPPY

572
00:20:40,038 --> 00:20:44,343
INJURY IN TERMS OF BOTH GETTING

573
00:20:44,409 --> 00:20:46,745
GOOD DATA AND RESEARCH ACTUALLY

574
00:20:46,812 --> 00:20:47,879
MATTERED IN ALMOST ALL THESE

575
00:20:47,946 --> 00:20:50,582
PREVENTION STORIES.  IT IS ALSO

576
00:20:50,649 --> 00:20:52,484
36 HEROES YOU NEVER HEARD OF WHO

577
00:20:52,551 --> 00:20:54,720
MADE THE WORLD A BETTER PLAC PL.

578
00:20:54,786 --> 00:20:57,823
SUB PUBLIC HEALTH PEOPLE, ALMOST

579
00:20:57,889 --> 00:20:59,124
ALL ADVOCATEDS WHOSE MADE THE

580
00:20:59,191 --> 00:21:01,159
WORLD SAFER IN THIS ONE AREA,

581
00:21:01,226 --> 00:21:02,394
WHICH IS INJURY AND VIOLENCE

582
00:21:02,461 --> 00:21:08,200
PREVENTION. WE HAVE PARTICULAR

583
00:21:08,266 --> 00:21:10,068
PROBLEMS IN THE GUN AREA, WHY WE

584
00:21:10,135 --> 00:21:11,637
DON'T GET MANY SUCCESSES.  ONE

585
00:21:11,703 --> 00:21:13,438
IS I THINK THIS IS THE ONLY

586
00:21:13,505 --> 00:21:14,606
INDUSTRY MAYBE ONE OTHER THAT

587
00:21:14,673 --> 00:21:16,642
HAS NO FEDERAL OVERSIGHT FOR

588
00:21:16,708 --> 00:21:20,078
SAFETY OF GUNS. IT IS ALMOST

589
00:21:20,145 --> 00:21:21,780
IMPOSSIBLE OVER THE LAST 20

590
00:21:21,847 --> 00:21:23,582
YEARS AS A LAW PASSED 20 YEARS

591
00:21:23,649 --> 00:21:25,684
AGO TO MAKE IT ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE

592
00:21:25,751 --> 00:21:27,619
TO SUE MANUFACTURERS LIKE

593
00:21:27,686 --> 00:21:28,420
CIGARETTE COMPANIES WERE SUED.

594
00:21:28,487 --> 00:21:32,591
WE HAVE THE ATF ALCOHOL TOBACCO

595
00:21:32,658 --> 00:21:34,192
AND FIREARM IT IS BUREAU AND IT

596
00:21:34,259 --> 00:21:36,395
IS SUPPOSED TO LIKE OVERSEE WHAT

597
00:21:36,461 --> 00:21:41,733
IS GOING ON AMONG GUN SHOPS AND

598
00:21:41,800 --> 00:21:44,536
SO FORTH. ITS HANDS WERE TIED IN

599
00:21:44,603 --> 00:21:48,340
NUMEROUS WAYS ONE WAY IS CAN'T

600
00:21:48,407 --> 00:21:50,976
EVEN PUT COMPUTERIZE A LOT OF

601
00:21:51,043 --> 00:21:52,344
DATA.  IT IS AGAINST THE LAW FOR

602
00:21:52,411 --> 00:21:54,146
IT TO HAVE COMPUTERIZED DATA,

603
00:21:54,212 --> 00:21:56,715
CRAZY. THERE ARE A LOT OF DATA

604
00:21:56,782 --> 00:22:01,319
AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS WE HAVE

605
00:22:01,386 --> 00:22:02,988
INADEQUATE DATA BEHAVIORAL

606
00:22:03,055 --> 00:22:04,556
FACTORS USED TO HAVE GUN

607
00:22:04,623 --> 00:22:05,791
QUESTIONS, NOW IT DOESN'T

608
00:22:05,857 --> 00:22:07,125
TRACING DATA WOULD BE HELPFUL

609
00:22:07,192 --> 00:22:08,994
FOR RESEARCHERS AVAILABLE IN 199

610
00:22:09,061 --> 00:22:10,829
T, NOT THE INDIVIDUAL DATA, NOT

611
00:22:10,896 --> 00:22:12,297
AVAILABLE TO RESEARCHERS ANY

612
00:22:12,364 --> 00:22:14,433
MORE, SO FORTH. WE CAN DO A LOT

613
00:22:14,499 --> 00:22:16,001
BETTER IN TERMS OF THE DATA

614
00:22:16,068 --> 00:22:17,335
WHICH WE COLLECTED THE DATA

615
00:22:17,402 --> 00:22:21,273
WHICH ARE AVAILABLE. NOT

616
00:22:21,339 --> 00:22:22,641
SURPRISINGLY WE HAVE TWO LITTLE

617
00:22:22,708 --> 00:22:25,644
FIREARMS RESEARCH BECAUSE NOT

618
00:22:25,711 --> 00:22:27,813
ONLY DO WE NOT HAVE GREAT DATA

619
00:22:27,879 --> 00:22:29,381
BUT WE HAVEN'T HAD MUCH MONEY

620
00:22:29,448 --> 00:22:31,483
FOR RESEARCH, I ALWAYS SAY

621
00:22:31,550 --> 00:22:32,851
PUBLIC HEALTH IS UNDERFUNDED

622
00:22:32,918 --> 00:22:34,853
RELATIVE TO MEDICINE, WITHIN

623
00:22:34,920 --> 00:22:35,987
PUBLIC HEALTH JERRY PREVENTION

624
00:22:36,054 --> 00:22:37,956
IS PARTICULARLY UNDERFUNDED WITH

625
00:22:38,023 --> 00:22:39,758
INJURY PREVENTION FIREARMS

626
00:22:39,825 --> 00:22:42,661
RESEARCH WAS PROBABLY THE MOST

627
00:22:42,728 --> 00:22:44,696
UNDERFUNDED. MOST KNOW THE SORRY

628
00:22:44,763 --> 00:22:47,799
ABOUT BIG DECREASE IN DECLINE IN

629
00:22:47,866 --> 00:22:49,935
CDC GUN RESEARCH WHICH NEVER

630
00:22:50,001 --> 00:22:52,270
STARTED OUT MUCH AT ALL,

631
00:22:52,337 --> 00:22:53,872
2.5 MILLION AND LONG TIME WITH

632
00:22:53,939 --> 00:22:55,774
ZERO NOW BACK UP TO #

633
00:22:55,841 --> 00:22:58,443
.5 MILLION. HERE IS THE THING I

634
00:22:58,510 --> 00:23:00,712
JUST COULD SHOW BASICALLY FROM

635
00:23:00,779 --> 00:23:02,948
NIH, DISPARITY FROM 1973 TO

636
00:23:03,014 --> 00:23:06,251
2012. IN TERMS OF RESEARCH

637
00:23:06,318 --> 00:23:08,487
AWARDS. DURING THAT TIME THERE

638
00:23:08,553 --> 00:23:10,722
WERE THREE NIH RESEARCH AWARDS,

639
00:23:10,789 --> 00:23:14,726
ABOUT FIREARMS AND ALMOST 500

640
00:23:14,793 --> 00:23:17,129
THEORY OF POLIO AND RABIES WHICH

641
00:23:17,195 --> 00:23:18,430
CAUSED SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT

642
00:23:18,497 --> 00:23:21,767
AMOUNTS OF PROBLEMSS. THINGS ARE

643
00:23:21,833 --> 00:23:24,569
BETTER BUT THIS SHOWS YOU THIS

644
00:23:24,636 --> 00:23:28,507
IS A GRAPH OF EMPIRICAL ARTICLES

645
00:23:28,573 --> 00:23:30,041
ON FIREARMS THROUGHOUT THE YEARS

646
00:23:30,108 --> 00:23:31,910
WHICH YOU COULD FIND IN PUBMED.

647
00:23:31,977 --> 00:23:37,816
YOU CAN SEE JUST VERY FEW

648
00:23:37,883 --> 00:23:40,185
20072008, ONLY FIVE OR SIX WE

649
00:23:40,252 --> 00:23:41,653
MUST HAVE DONE MOST OF THESE.

650
00:23:41,720 --> 00:23:45,157
FINALLY MANY 2015 THERE ARE

651
00:23:45,223 --> 00:23:46,858
MORE, MORE MONEY AND IT IS STILL

652
00:23:46,925 --> 00:23:49,528
SO UNDERFUNDED. BUT THINGS ARE

653
00:23:49,594 --> 00:23:51,596
GETTING MUCH BETTER, MORE TYPE L

654
00:23:51,663 --> 00:23:58,103
ARE INTERESTED. THE REDDISH LINE

655
00:23:58,170 --> 00:24:00,539
IS THE NUMBER THAT WERE FUNDED

656
00:24:00,605 --> 00:24:03,508
AND THE OTHERS ARE BASICALLY

657
00:24:03,575 --> 00:24:05,510
HAVING NO FUNDING OR NO

658
00:24:05,577 --> 00:24:08,847
DECLARATION. WHENEVER THERE IS A

659
00:24:08,914 --> 00:24:11,950
BIG TRAGEDY I GET CALL THE

660
00:24:12,017 --> 00:24:13,185
MEDIA, I MENTION RESEARCH AND

661
00:24:13,251 --> 00:24:14,653
THEY SAY WHAT DO WE NEED MORE

662
00:24:14,719 --> 00:24:15,887
RESEARCH ABOUT? WHAT IS ONE

663
00:24:15,954 --> 00:24:17,756
THING TO KNOW? I TELL THEM NOT

664
00:24:17,823 --> 00:24:19,991
ONE THING IT IS LIKE CANCER

665
00:24:20,058 --> 00:24:21,493
RESEARCHER THERE'S NO CANCER

666
00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:24,763
RESEARCH THE LAST 25 YEARS, ONE

667
00:24:24,830 --> 00:24:26,131
THING YOU NEED TO KNOW. THE

668
00:24:26,198 --> 00:24:27,799
ANSWER I GUESS IS HOW TO CURE

669
00:24:27,866 --> 00:24:28,934
CANCER. I DON'T THINK THAT IS

670
00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:31,469
THE RIGHT ANSWER. WE KNOW IT IS

671
00:24:31,536 --> 00:24:32,037
ALMOST NOTHING ABOUT MOST

672
00:24:32,103 --> 00:24:33,905
THINGS. THERE'S ONE ARTICLE IN

673
00:24:33,972 --> 00:24:36,608
GUN THEFT EMPIRICAL ARTICLE. I

674
00:24:36,675 --> 00:24:38,009
DON'T THINK ANY EMPIRICAL

675
00:24:38,076 --> 00:24:40,178
ARTICLES ABOUT OPEN CARRY. IT IS

676
00:24:40,245 --> 00:24:42,414
INCREDIBLE HOW LITTLE WE KNOW

677
00:24:42,480 --> 00:24:45,584
ABOUT SO MANY THINGS IN GUN

678
00:24:45,650 --> 00:24:48,286
AREA. FIRST STEP IN PUBLIC

679
00:24:48,353 --> 00:24:49,721
HEALTH APPROACH IS A GOOD DATA

680
00:24:49,788 --> 00:24:51,556
SYSTEM, THERE IS A GOOD DATA

681
00:24:51,623 --> 00:24:53,425
SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLE THEFTS.

682
00:24:53,491 --> 00:24:54,993
ANY TIME THERE IS A MOTOR

683
00:24:55,060 --> 00:24:56,695
VEHICLE THEFT THERE'S 125 PIECES

684
00:24:56,761 --> 00:24:59,264
OF INFORMATION COLLECTED

685
00:24:59,331 --> 00:25:00,365
CONSISTENTLY AND ACROSS STATES

686
00:25:00,432 --> 00:25:01,967
SO WE KNOW WHAT IS WAS GOING ON

687
00:25:02,033 --> 00:25:03,335
IN MOTOR VEHICLES WHICH IS A

688
00:25:03,401 --> 00:25:04,703
REASON THERE WAS A BIG MOTOR

689
00:25:04,769 --> 00:25:06,338
VEHICLE SUCCESS STORY. FINALLY

690
00:25:06,404 --> 00:25:07,939
WE HAVE THE NATIONAL VIOLENT

691
00:25:08,006 --> 00:25:09,641
THEFT REPORTING SYSTEM I THINK

692
00:25:09,708 --> 00:25:12,110
ONE OF THE GREAT THINGS I LIKED

693
00:25:12,177 --> 00:25:14,112
IN MY CAREER IS THE TINY LITTLE

694
00:25:14,179 --> 00:25:15,914
ROLE I PLAYED IN HELPING CREATE

695
00:25:15,981 --> 00:25:17,048
THE NATIONAL VIOLENT DEATH

696
00:25:17,115 --> 00:25:19,584
REPORTING SYSTEM WHICH IS NOW

697
00:25:19,651 --> 00:25:20,819
20 SOMETHING YEARS FINALLY IN

698
00:25:20,886 --> 00:25:21,653
ALL STATES. HERE IS WHAT

699
00:25:21,720 --> 00:25:25,824
HAPPENED IN 1999 WE HAD PILOT. I

700
00:25:25,891 --> 00:25:27,492
USED TO BE A SHILL FOR THE

701
00:25:27,559 --> 00:25:28,560
SYSTEM SAYING HOW IMPORTANT IT

702
00:25:28,627 --> 00:25:30,095
WAS TO CREATE A DATA SYSTEM

703
00:25:30,161 --> 00:25:33,198
WHICH IS CONSISTENT AND

704
00:25:33,265 --> 00:25:35,734
COMPARABLE ACROSS ALL STATES

705
00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:37,702
ABOUT ALL VIOLENT DEATHS. I

706
00:25:37,769 --> 00:25:42,240
WOULD GIVE GROUP LIKE YOU A QUIZ

707
00:25:42,307 --> 00:25:45,377
AND SAY YOU HAVE THIS, WHAT

708
00:25:45,443 --> 00:25:48,914
PROPORTION -- THREE MOST COMMON

709
00:25:48,980 --> 00:25:52,517
CHARACTERTY TICKS FOR FATAL GUN

710
00:25:52,584 --> 00:25:55,053
ACCIDENTS, WHERE DO TEENS OBTAIN

711
00:25:55,120 --> 00:25:58,857
THEIR GUNS,. GOT A PRIZE, A

712
00:25:58,924 --> 00:26:01,059
SHIRT THAT SUPPORTED VDRS. WHAT

713
00:26:01,126 --> 00:26:02,327
WAS THE ANSWER TO THESE? THE

714
00:26:02,394 --> 00:26:04,229
ANSWER YOU TURNED THE SHEET OVER

715
00:26:04,296 --> 00:26:05,630
AND THE ANSWER IS NOBODY KNOWS.

716
00:26:05,697 --> 00:26:07,165
IF PEOPLE TOLD YOU THEY KNEW THE

717
00:26:07,232 --> 00:26:08,266
ANSWER TO THIS THEY WERE LYING

718
00:26:08,333 --> 00:26:09,434
BECAUSE THERE WAS NO DATA ABOUT

719
00:26:09,501 --> 00:26:10,802
ANY OF THOSE THINGS. THAT IS ONE

720
00:26:10,869 --> 00:26:12,637
OF THE THINGS THE NATIONAL

721
00:26:12,704 --> 00:26:13,905
VIOLENT DATA SYSTEM HAS DONE IS

722
00:26:13,972 --> 00:26:19,344
PROVIDE LOTS OF DATA.  DATA ARE

723
00:26:19,411 --> 00:26:20,946
CRUCIAL NOT ONLY REFUTE

724
00:26:21,012 --> 00:26:22,013
MISINFORMATION BUT ONE THING

725
00:26:22,080 --> 00:26:24,249
PEOPLE RECOGNIZE IS HOW

726
00:26:24,316 --> 00:26:25,984
IMPORTANT IT IS TO PROVIDE

727
00:26:26,051 --> 00:26:29,521
INSIGHTS ABOUT WHAT ARE THE BEST

728
00:26:29,587 --> 00:26:32,757
POLICIES. AN EXAMPLE, TALK ABOUT

729
00:26:32,824 --> 00:26:34,693
UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM DEATHS,

730
00:26:34,759 --> 00:26:36,061
THEN TALK ABOUT SUICIDE. THE

731
00:26:36,127 --> 00:26:38,363
DARLING OF THE GUN LOBBY, AT

732
00:26:38,430 --> 00:26:41,399
LEAST THE RESEARCHER WHO AS JOHN

733
00:26:41,466 --> 00:26:44,035
LOT USED TO SAY OVER ON FOX NEWS

734
00:26:44,102 --> 00:26:45,570
AND LA TIMES EDITORIALS, YOU CAN

735
00:26:45,637 --> 00:26:48,239
LOOK THIS UP, HE SAID QUOTE,

736
00:26:48,306 --> 00:26:51,676
ABOUT TWO-THIRDS OF ACCIDENTAL

737
00:26:51,743 --> 00:26:53,912
GUN DEATHS TO CHILDREN ARE NOT

738
00:26:53,979 --> 00:26:55,580
SHOTS FIRED BY OTHER LITTLE

739
00:26:55,647 --> 00:26:58,049
KIDS, BUT RATHER BEEN ADULT

740
00:26:58,116 --> 00:27:00,919
MALES WITH CRIMINAL BACKGROUNDS.

741
00:27:00,986 --> 00:27:02,520
I TRIED TO SAY WHERE DID YOU GET

742
00:27:02,587 --> 00:27:04,089
THIS DATA? ANSWER IS I DON'T

743
00:27:04,155 --> 00:27:05,490
KNOW WHERE HE GOT IT, I STILL

744
00:27:05,557 --> 00:27:07,325
DON'T KNOW BECAUSE IT TURNS OUT

745
00:27:07,392 --> 00:27:09,327
TO BE COMPLETE COMPLETELY WRONG.

746
00:27:09,394 --> 00:27:10,895
IF YOU THOUGHT THIS WAS TRUE

747
00:27:10,962 --> 00:27:12,731
ADULT MALES WITH CRIMINAL

748
00:27:12,797 --> 00:27:14,165
BACKGROUNDS, BUT IT IS NOT TRUE.

749
00:27:14,232 --> 00:27:15,734
HOW DO WE KNOW THIS? FROM THE

750
00:27:15,800 --> 00:27:17,869
NATIONAL VIOLENT DEATH REPORTING

751
00:27:17,936 --> 00:27:19,337
SYSTEM. WHAT WE KNOW FOR EXAMPLE

752
00:27:19,404 --> 00:27:22,907
NOW IS THAT FOR CHILDREN 0 TO 14

753
00:27:22,974 --> 00:27:26,011
IS NOT ADULTS KILLING CHILDREN

754
00:27:26,077 --> 00:27:27,579
UNINTENTIONALLY, IT IS CHILDREN

755
00:27:27,645 --> 00:27:29,614
KILLING CHILDREN. ABOUT A THIRD

756
00:27:29,681 --> 00:27:31,649
OR ARE SELF-INFLICTED, A THIRD

757
00:27:31,716 --> 00:27:34,419
OTHER CHILDREN, SHOOTERS, ABOUT

758
00:27:34,486 --> 00:27:36,354
A SIXTH OR SLIGHTLY OLDER

759
00:27:36,421 --> 00:27:39,290
TEENAGERS SHOOTERS, A

760
00:27:39,357 --> 00:27:40,492
15-YEAR-OLD SHOOT AS

761
00:27:40,558 --> 00:27:41,760
14-YEAR-OLD. MAYBE THE SAME

762
00:27:41,826 --> 00:27:45,830
CLASS. AND THEN ADULTS ALMOST

763
00:27:45,897 --> 00:27:46,765
ALL PARENTS WITH NO INDICATION

764
00:27:46,831 --> 00:27:49,801
THEY ARE CRIMINALS.  HERE IS ONE

765
00:27:49,868 --> 00:27:51,169
LITTLE TABLE YOU CAN DRAW FROM

766
00:27:51,236 --> 00:27:56,408
WHAT WE LOOKED AT.  THIS IS

767
00:27:56,474 --> 00:27:57,942
UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM, THUS THE

768
00:27:58,009 --> 00:28:00,678
CHILDREN BY AGE. YOU CAN SEE

769
00:28:00,745 --> 00:28:02,714
KEEPS GOING UP BUT 2 TO

770
00:28:02,781 --> 00:28:04,649
4-YEAR-OLD IS AN ANOMALY, HIGHER

771
00:28:04,716 --> 00:28:06,484
THAN FIVE OR TEN-YEAR-OLDS

772
00:28:06,551 --> 00:28:09,487
ALMOST ALL MALE VICTIMS, ALMOST

773
00:28:09,554 --> 00:28:11,523
ALWAYS OTHER INFLICTED EXCEPT

774
00:28:11,589 --> 00:28:14,025
TWO TO FOUR-YEAR-OLD.  ALMOST

775
00:28:14,092 --> 00:28:16,528
ALWAYS LOAN HOUSE EXCEPT 11 TO

776
00:28:16,594 --> 00:28:17,429
14-YEAR-OLDS WHERE IT IS OFTEN

777
00:28:17,495 --> 00:28:20,131
AT A FRIEND'S HOUSE. KNOWING

778
00:28:20,198 --> 00:28:22,434
THAT HELPS. WHAT YOU KNOW IT IS

779
00:28:22,500 --> 00:28:25,170
MOSTLY SHOT, THESE KIDS ARE

780
00:28:25,236 --> 00:28:27,405
MOSTLY SHOT BY SOMEBODY ELSE.

781
00:28:27,472 --> 00:28:28,206
BUT TWO TO FOUR-YEAR-OLD VERSUS

782
00:28:28,273 --> 00:28:30,308
HIGH RATE OF ACCIDENTAL DEATH

783
00:28:30,375 --> 00:28:32,911
AND THEY SHOOT THEMSELVES.

784
00:28:32,977 --> 00:28:34,779
BASICALLY NOBODY IS SHOT AT A

785
00:28:34,846 --> 00:28:36,614
FRIEND'S HOUSE BEFORE AGE OF 11

786
00:28:36,681 --> 00:28:40,251
SO WHAT IS THE POLICY? WE HAVE A

787
00:28:40,318 --> 00:28:42,053
PROBLEM, I DON'T KNOW, 35 YEARS

788
00:28:42,120 --> 00:28:44,155
AGO, WITH CHILDREN FINDING

789
00:28:44,222 --> 00:28:45,623
ASPIRIN BOTTLES AND OPENING THEM

790
00:28:45,690 --> 00:28:47,725
AND DRINKING A LOT OF IT TAKING

791
00:28:47,792 --> 00:28:48,460
ASPIRIN PILLS AN DYING AND WHAT

792
00:28:48,526 --> 00:28:50,095
YOU COULD DO IS BLAME THE

793
00:28:50,161 --> 00:28:52,263
PARENTS, BLAME THE KIDS BUT WE

794
00:28:52,330 --> 00:28:55,300
DECIDED TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM BY

795
00:28:55,366 --> 00:28:58,536
HAVING CHILD PROOF BOTTLES.  YOU

796
00:28:58,603 --> 00:29:01,005
CAN GET CHILD PROOF GUNS NOT

797
00:29:01,072 --> 00:29:02,874
DIFFICULT, WHY DIFFICULT L?

798
00:29:02,941 --> 00:29:04,776
BECAUSE 130 YEARS AGO MORE THAN

799
00:29:04,843 --> 00:29:07,612
A CENTURY AGO, LESS THAN A SMITH

800
00:29:07,679 --> 00:29:09,581
AND WESSON FAME CARED ABOUT KIDS

801
00:29:09,647 --> 00:29:11,116
AND DECIDED TO CREATE A CHILD

802
00:29:11,182 --> 00:29:12,650
PROOF GUN. HE SAID HIS GUNS

803
00:29:12,717 --> 00:29:13,885
WOULD BE SO THAT IF YOU WANT TO

804
00:29:13,952 --> 00:29:15,019
FIRE THE GUN NOT ONLY PULL

805
00:29:15,086 --> 00:29:17,122
TRIGGER BUT YOU HAVE TO PUT

806
00:29:17,188 --> 00:29:18,690
PRESSURE ON THE HANDLE. THAT'S

807
00:29:18,756 --> 00:29:20,391
ALL. TWO THINGS. BUT

808
00:29:20,458 --> 00:29:21,993
THREE-YEAR-OLDS CAN'T DO THAT.

809
00:29:22,060 --> 00:29:23,495
THEY CAN'T FIGURE OUT HOW TO

810
00:29:23,561 --> 00:29:27,098
PUSH DOWN AND TURN AT THE SAME

811
00:29:27,165 --> 00:29:27,999
TIME. YOU CAN SAVE THESE KIDS

812
00:29:28,066 --> 00:29:31,369
BUT WE DON'T DO THAT. FOR MALES

813
00:29:31,436 --> 00:29:33,204
OVER 10 YEARS, THERE'S THE ASK

814
00:29:33,271 --> 00:29:34,205
CAMPAIGN, THEY ARE AT THE

815
00:29:34,272 --> 00:29:36,141
FRIENDS HOUSE A LOT AND A LOT

816
00:29:36,207 --> 00:29:39,077
DIE THERE AND YOU COULD ASK, SAY

817
00:29:39,144 --> 00:29:41,579
IS YOUR -- IS THERE A GUN

818
00:29:41,646 --> 00:29:42,914
PRESENT? IF THERE IS A GUN

819
00:29:42,981 --> 00:29:45,483
PRESENT IS IT LOCKED UP STORED

820
00:29:45,550 --> 00:29:49,654
APPROPRIATELY. THEN ONE NICE

821
00:29:49,721 --> 00:29:52,757
THING ABOUT MVDRS IS THEY HAVE

822
00:29:52,824 --> 00:29:53,658
NARRATIVE, THIS IS NARRATIVE

823
00:29:53,725 --> 00:29:55,293
SUMMARY OF NARRATIVE BUSINESS

824
00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:56,661
THE POLICE AND ONE BY THE

825
00:29:56,728 --> 00:30:01,699
MEDICAL EXAMINER, I HAVE READ SO

826
00:30:01,766 --> 00:30:03,101
MANY NARRATIVES AND FOR

827
00:30:03,168 --> 00:30:04,235
UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM THAT'S THE

828
00:30:04,302 --> 00:30:05,937
CHILDREN. THE COMMON THINGS THAT

829
00:30:06,004 --> 00:30:08,473
COMES UP OVER AND OVER IS A BOY

830
00:30:08,540 --> 00:30:10,108
FINDS DAD SEMIAUTOMATIC PISTOL,

831
00:30:10,175 --> 00:30:12,143
TAKES OUT MAGAZINE, HERE ARE THE

832
00:30:12,210 --> 00:30:13,077
BULLETS THIS MUST BE UNLOADED

833
00:30:13,144 --> 00:30:14,779
THERE'S NOTHING THAT SAYS IT IS

834
00:30:14,846 --> 00:30:17,081
NOT UNLOADED, NOTHING SAYS AND

835
00:30:17,148 --> 00:30:19,083
HE PULL IT IS TRIGGER. 95% OF

836
00:30:19,150 --> 00:30:20,451
THE TIME NOTHING BAD HAPPENS. I

837
00:30:20,518 --> 00:30:22,487
GIVE TALKS AND AFTERWARDS PEOPLE

838
00:30:22,554 --> 00:30:23,621
TELL ME OH, YEAH, THAT HAPPENED

839
00:30:23,688 --> 00:30:25,790
TO ME AND I SHOT AGAINST A WALL

840
00:30:25,857 --> 00:30:27,792
AND MY SISTER HELPED ME COVER IT

841
00:30:27,859 --> 00:30:30,461
UPUP. BUT OCCASIONALLY THE BULLT

842
00:30:30,528 --> 00:30:32,430
GOES OFF, IT HITS SOMEBODY,

843
00:30:32,497 --> 00:30:33,998
TYPICALLY, A YOUNGER BROTHER,

844
00:30:34,065 --> 00:30:37,035
YOUNGER SISTER BEST FRIEND AND

845
00:30:37,101 --> 00:30:38,603
SOMEBODY DIES. THEN THE QUESTION

846
00:30:38,670 --> 00:30:41,639
WHAT CAN WE DO? WE TEND TO DO,

847
00:30:41,706 --> 00:30:43,474
LET'S BLAME THE KID, BLAME THE

848
00:30:43,541 --> 00:30:45,877
PARENTS. LET'S UNSUCCESSFULLY

849
00:30:45,944 --> 00:30:47,212
SUE SOMEBODY BECAUSE WE CAN'T

850
00:30:47,278 --> 00:30:48,713
SUE THE GUN MANUFACTURER OR

851
00:30:48,780 --> 00:30:49,847
LET'S SOLVE THE PROBLEM. HOW DO

852
00:30:49,914 --> 00:30:51,749
WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM? TWO WAYS

853
00:30:51,816 --> 00:30:53,918
ONE MAKE IT CLEAR THAT THERE IS

854
00:30:53,985 --> 00:30:55,153
A BULLET LEFT IN THE CHAMBER

855
00:30:55,220 --> 00:30:56,754
WHEN YOU LOOK OR BETTER TAKE OUT

856
00:30:56,821 --> 00:31:00,058
THE MAGAZINE, THE GUN WON'T

857
00:31:00,124 --> 00:31:01,292
FIRE. SOME SEMIAUTOMATICS YOU

858
00:31:01,359 --> 00:31:02,694
CAN DO THAT, JUST MAKE THAT

859
00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:04,362
MANDATORY THAT'S NOT THAT

860
00:31:04,429 --> 00:31:07,198
DIFFICULT. YOU ALSO WANT SAFE

861
00:31:07,265 --> 00:31:08,666
STORAGE, SMART GUNS, SO THAT

862
00:31:08,733 --> 00:31:10,168
WHEN THE KID FINDS THE GUN THEY

863
00:31:10,235 --> 00:31:17,108
CAN'T USE IT.  I WANT TO SPEND

864
00:31:17,175 --> 00:31:20,144
THE REST OF THE TIME TALKING

865
00:31:20,211 --> 00:31:24,415
SUICIDE PREVENTION. SUICIDES

866
00:31:24,482 --> 00:31:25,817
MANY MORE SUICIDES THAN

867
00:31:25,883 --> 00:31:27,518
HOMICIDES MANY MORE GUN SUICIDES

868
00:31:27,585 --> 00:31:28,753
THAN GUN HOMICIDES. I WANT TO

869
00:31:28,820 --> 00:31:30,321
TALK ABOUT REDUCING SUICIDES

870
00:31:30,388 --> 00:31:31,456
WITHOUT CHANGING ANY LAWS,

871
00:31:31,522 --> 00:31:32,590
WITHOUT CHANGING ANYONE'S MENTAL

872
00:31:32,657 --> 00:31:38,663
HEALTH. LIKE MAGIC. ONE OF THE

873
00:31:38,730 --> 00:31:39,697
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW IS ALMOST

874
00:31:39,764 --> 00:31:41,299
EVERYBODY WHEN THEY RESEARCH

875
00:31:41,366 --> 00:31:42,567
SUICIDE ASKS WHY. THAT IS A

876
00:31:42,634 --> 00:31:44,369
REASONABLE THING TO ASK. WHY

877
00:31:44,435 --> 00:31:45,903
SOMEONE ATTEMPT SUICIDE, WHY DID

878
00:31:45,970 --> 00:31:48,072
THEY DIE? WE ASKED A DIFFERENT

879
00:31:48,139 --> 00:31:49,274
QUESTION THE LAST 30 YEARS, HOW,

880
00:31:49,340 --> 00:31:52,277
HOW DID THEY DIE? WHAT DID THEY

881
00:31:52,343 --> 00:31:59,450
USE? TURNS OUT IN IF YOU LOOK

882
00:31:59,517 --> 00:32:01,119
HISTORICALLY THAT I WON'T ARGUE

883
00:32:01,185 --> 00:32:02,553
MOST OF THE SUCCESS STORIES, THE

884
00:32:02,620 --> 00:32:07,325
REAL SUCCESS STORIES IN TERMS OF

885
00:32:07,392 --> 00:32:09,193
REDUCING SUICIDE THE LAST

886
00:32:09,260 --> 00:32:10,261
HUNDRED YEARS HAD NOTHING TO DO

887
00:32:10,328 --> 00:32:13,431
WITH CHANGING MENTAL HEALTH,

888
00:32:13,498 --> 00:32:15,933
NOTHING TO DO WITH CHANGING

889
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:17,201
SUICIDE ATTEMPTS AND EVERYTHING

890
00:32:17,268 --> 00:32:20,104
TO DO WITH CHANGING SUICIDE

891
00:32:20,171 --> 00:32:22,540
DEATHS. IN BRITAIN FOR EXAMPLE,

892
00:32:22,607 --> 00:32:25,176
IN MANY 1960s, PUTTING YOUR

893
00:32:25,243 --> 00:32:26,811
HEAD IN THE OVEN WAS THE MOST

894
00:32:26,878 --> 00:32:29,681
COMMON WAY OF OVER 40% SUICIDE

895
00:32:29,747 --> 00:32:33,318
DEATHS IN BRITAIN AT THE TIME

896
00:32:33,384 --> 00:32:35,787
WERE THIS METHOD, SYLVIA PLAT

897
00:32:35,853 --> 00:32:37,322
DIED.  IT IS A PRETTY GOOD

898
00:32:37,388 --> 00:32:40,258
METHOD IN THE SENSE THAT IT IS

899
00:32:40,325 --> 00:32:42,694
NON-PAINFUL AND NON-DISFIGURING

900
00:32:42,760 --> 00:32:44,362
SO WHEN SOMEBODY FINDS YOU THEY

901
00:32:44,429 --> 00:32:48,666
DON'T FIND A HORRIBLE MESS. IN

902
00:32:48,733 --> 00:32:51,436
1970, OR BETWEEN 1960s AND

903
00:32:51,502 --> 00:32:54,772
1970, THE GAS WAS MADE

904
00:32:54,839 --> 00:32:58,376
NON-TOXIC, SERENDIPITOUS GAS

905
00:32:58,443 --> 00:33:01,846
DIDN'T SEE DIDN'T HAVE CARBON

906
00:33:01,913 --> 00:33:02,914
MONOXIDE, SUICIDE RATES DROPPED

907
00:33:02,980 --> 00:33:04,749
A THIRD. A THIRD INCREDIBLE

908
00:33:04,816 --> 00:33:08,286
REDUCTION IN TEN YEARS, WHY?

909
00:33:08,353 --> 00:33:09,954
PEOPLE STILL PUT THEIR HEADS IN

910
00:33:10,021 --> 00:33:11,756
THE OVEN, JUST TAKE THEM OUT

911
00:33:11,823 --> 00:33:13,891
AFTER A WHILE AND GO ON ABOUT

912
00:33:13,958 --> 00:33:18,129
THEIR BUSINESS.  INCREDIBLE

913
00:33:18,196 --> 00:33:21,232
SUCCESS STORY. IN 1996 SRI LAIN

914
00:33:21,299 --> 00:33:23,368
DA WAS THE COUNTRY HAD THE

915
00:33:23,434 --> 00:33:24,168
HIGHEST SUICIDE RATES IN THE

916
00:33:24,235 --> 00:33:27,672
WORLD. HIGHEST SUICIDE RATES IN

917
00:33:27,739 --> 00:33:30,308
THE WORLD. HOW DID THEY DIE?

918
00:33:30,375 --> 00:33:31,909
MOST DIED A HORRIBLE WAY,

919
00:33:31,976 --> 00:33:34,045
HORRIBLE WAY TO COMMIT SUICIDE,

920
00:33:34,112 --> 00:33:35,613
THEY DRANK LIQUID PESTICIDES,

921
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:37,081
TYPICALLY TAKES THREE OR MORE

922
00:33:37,148 --> 00:33:39,917
DAYS TO DIE. IT IS PAINFUL,

923
00:33:39,984 --> 00:33:45,923
MEDICINE CAN'T HELP YOU. FINALLY

924
00:33:45,990 --> 00:33:47,592
SRI LAIN DA BANNED THE MOST

925
00:33:47,658 --> 00:33:49,026
TOXIC OF THE PESTICIDES WHICH

926
00:33:49,093 --> 00:33:49,894
EVEN THE UNITED STATES BANNED.

927
00:33:49,961 --> 00:33:51,763
WHAT HAPPENED IS SUICIDE RATES

928
00:33:51,829 --> 00:33:55,099
DROPPED BY 50%, BETWEEN 1996 AND

929
00:33:55,166 --> 00:33:58,002
2005. THERE WAS NO CHANGE IN

930
00:33:58,069 --> 00:34:01,239
PESTICIDE ATTEMPTS OF SUICIDE OR

931
00:34:01,305 --> 00:34:03,574
CHANGES BY TOTAL SUICIDE BY ANY

932
00:34:03,641 --> 00:34:05,309
OTHER METHOD BY OTHER METHODS NO

933
00:34:05,376 --> 00:34:07,011
CHANGE IN TOTAL OUTPUT IN TERMS

934
00:34:07,078 --> 00:34:10,848
OF RATE OF INCREASE IN OUTPUT,

935
00:34:10,915 --> 00:34:12,650
JUST INCREDIBLE SUCCESS STORY.

936
00:34:12,717 --> 00:34:17,388
IT WAS JUST BY CHANGING THE

937
00:34:17,455 --> 00:34:18,923
METHOD THE AVAILABLE MEANS OF

938
00:34:18,990 --> 00:34:22,994
SUE IDESUICIDE. THERE IS A GUN ,

939
00:34:23,060 --> 00:34:24,462
DEFENSE FORCE NOW IN THE NEWS

940
00:34:24,529 --> 00:34:25,363
UNFORTUNATELY ALL THE TIME THEY

941
00:34:25,430 --> 00:34:29,167
HAD A BIG SUICIDE PROBLEM IN THE

942
00:34:29,233 --> 00:34:33,137
EARLY 2000s. ONE OF THE BIG

943
00:34:33,204 --> 00:34:35,239
PROBLEMS WAS DURING WEEKEND

944
00:34:35,306 --> 00:34:37,375
LEAVE IN ISRAEL THERE'S LOTS OF

945
00:34:37,442 --> 00:34:41,612
GUNS BUT MOSTLY MILITARY GUNS.

946
00:34:41,679 --> 00:34:43,815
THESE YOUNG ISRAELI MEN AND

947
00:34:43,881 --> 00:34:45,516
WOMEN WERE ALLOWED TO BRING

948
00:34:45,583 --> 00:34:46,818
THEIR GUNS HOME DURING WEEKEND

949
00:34:46,884 --> 00:34:49,454
LEAVE, TRAUMATIZED, AND A LOT OF

950
00:34:49,520 --> 00:34:52,690
THEM COMMIT SUICIDE WITH THE

951
00:34:52,757 --> 00:34:54,525
GUNS. IN 2006 IDF DID A NUMBER

952
00:34:54,592 --> 00:34:57,528
OF THINGS, BIGGEST THEY DID WAS

953
00:34:57,595 --> 00:34:59,397
IT SAID THE SOLDIERS YOU CAN'T

954
00:34:59,464 --> 00:35:01,666
BRING YOUR GUNS HOME WITH YOU.

955
00:35:01,732 --> 00:35:03,701
SO WHAT HAPPENED INCREDIBLE

956
00:35:03,768 --> 00:35:07,805
SUICIDES DECREASED BY 40% DUE

957
00:35:07,872 --> 00:35:09,340
LARGELY TO DROP IN WEEKEND

958
00:35:09,407 --> 00:35:10,808
SUICIDES BECAUSE THEY PEOPLE,

959
00:35:10,875 --> 00:35:12,710
EVEN IF THEY ATTEMPTED SUICIDE

960
00:35:12,777 --> 00:35:15,079
TYPICALLY THEY DIDN'T DIE. HOW

961
00:35:15,146 --> 00:35:17,515
COULD MEANS POSSIBLY MATTER? THE

962
00:35:17,582 --> 00:35:19,050
KIND OF LOBBY TELL YOU OVER AND

963
00:35:19,116 --> 00:35:20,418
OVER IF YOU WANT TO KILL

964
00:35:20,485 --> 00:35:21,352
YOURSELF YOU WILL. IF YOU WANT

965
00:35:21,419 --> 00:35:23,020
TO KILL YOURSELF YOU WILL.

966
00:35:23,087 --> 00:35:25,256
THAT'S EITHER COMPLETELY WRONG

967
00:35:25,323 --> 00:35:29,393
OR A TOTTOLOGY, TAKE YOUR PICK.

968
00:35:29,460 --> 00:35:30,962
WHY DOES MEANS MATTER FIRST

969
00:35:31,028 --> 00:35:32,864
ACUTE PHASE OF SUICIDAL CRISIS,

970
00:35:32,930 --> 00:35:36,834
THERE'S OFTEN, NOT ALWAYS BUT

971
00:35:36,901 --> 00:35:38,402
COMMONLY WEAK. THERE'S ALSO OF

972
00:35:38,469 --> 00:35:40,238
STUDIES ASKING PEOPLE WHO

973
00:35:40,304 --> 00:35:41,806
ATTEMPTED SUICIDE EVEN PEOPLE

974
00:35:41,873 --> 00:35:44,942
WHO HAD ATTEMPTED CALLED NEARLY

975
00:35:45,009 --> 00:35:46,811
LETHAL SUICIDE PEOPLE WHO HAD

976
00:35:46,878 --> 00:35:48,346
DONE THINGS WHICH YOU WOULDN'T

977
00:35:48,412 --> 00:35:49,447
-- THEY THOUGHT THEY WOULD

978
00:35:49,514 --> 00:35:50,781
REALLY DIE YOU THOUGHT THEY

979
00:35:50,848 --> 00:35:52,817
WOULD DIE, THEY SHOULD HAVE DIED

980
00:35:52,884 --> 00:35:54,919
THEY DIED 90% OF THE TIME BUT

981
00:35:54,986 --> 00:35:58,389
SOME PEOPLE LIVE. THEY SHOT

982
00:35:58,456 --> 00:36:00,124
THEMSELVES IN THE HEAD, SOMEHOW

983
00:36:00,191 --> 00:36:01,726
SURVIVED THEY JUMPED OFF THE

984
00:36:01,792 --> 00:36:03,094
BRIDGE AND SOMEHOW SURVIVED.

985
00:36:03,160 --> 00:36:05,029
THIS IS PEOPLE ARE ASKED A LOT

986
00:36:05,096 --> 00:36:07,331
OF QUESTIONS. TURNS OUT THE ONE

987
00:36:07,398 --> 00:36:08,933
QUESTION WAS HOW LONG WAS IT

988
00:36:09,000 --> 00:36:10,401
BETWEEN WHEN YOU DECIDED YOU

989
00:36:10,468 --> 00:36:12,103
WERE GOING TO ATTEMPT SUICIDE

990
00:36:12,169 --> 00:36:14,906
AND YOU ACTUALLY DID? FOR ABOUT

991
00:36:14,972 --> 00:36:17,441
A QUARTER THEY SAID LESS THAN

992
00:36:17,508 --> 00:36:19,810
FIVE MINUTES. FOR OVER A HALF

993
00:36:19,877 --> 00:36:22,079
THEY SAID LESS THAN AN HOUR.

994
00:36:22,146 --> 00:36:24,048
SOME PEOPLE PLANNED SUICIDES,

995
00:36:24,115 --> 00:36:26,250
PEOPLE WHO ARE 90 AND HAVE

996
00:36:26,317 --> 00:36:28,286
TERMCAL CANCER AND IN PAIN --

997
00:36:28,352 --> 00:36:29,720
TERMINAL CANCER AND IN PAIN BUT

998
00:36:29,787 --> 00:36:32,490
MOST PEOPLE WHO ARE DYING WERE

999
00:36:32,557 --> 00:36:36,527
DOING IT PRETTY QUICKLY. NOW,

1000
00:36:36,594 --> 00:36:39,297
THE LETHALITY VARIES GREATLY BY

1001
00:36:39,363 --> 00:36:41,032
METHOD. LETHALITY OF THE METHOD

1002
00:36:41,098 --> 00:36:42,900
EASILY AT HAND OR SUICIDAL

1003
00:36:42,967 --> 00:36:44,602
CRISIS PLAYS A ROLE WHETHER THE

1004
00:36:44,669 --> 00:36:47,171
PERSON LIVES OR DIES. INTENT OF

1005
00:36:47,238 --> 00:36:51,175
COURSE MATTERS. BUT THE

1006
00:36:51,242 --> 00:36:53,511
AVAILABLE MEANS OF SUICIDE

1007
00:36:53,578 --> 00:36:55,880
MATTERS A LOT ALSO. ESPECIALLY

1008
00:36:55,947 --> 00:36:57,315
FOR THINGS WHICH ARE COMMONLY

1009
00:36:57,381 --> 00:37:00,952
USED. THIS SORT OF GIVES TWO

1010
00:37:01,018 --> 00:37:01,886
PICTURES OF SUICIDE. ON THE

1011
00:37:01,953 --> 00:37:04,622
RIGHT IS WHAT IF YOU ARE A

1012
00:37:04,689 --> 00:37:07,091
HOSPITALIST WHO YOU SEE. PEOPLE

1013
00:37:07,158 --> 00:37:09,160
WHO COME IN FOR SUICIDE AND

1014
00:37:09,226 --> 00:37:10,995
BASICALLY HERE IS ALL THE

1015
00:37:11,062 --> 00:37:14,565
NON-FATAL PEOPLE, IT IS 83% ARE

1016
00:37:14,632 --> 00:37:16,434
PEOPLE TAKING PILLS AND SO

1017
00:37:16,500 --> 00:37:18,369
FORTH. 11% PEOPLE CUTTING

1018
00:37:18,436 --> 00:37:19,670
THEMSELVES.  THESE ARE SUICIDE

1019
00:37:19,737 --> 00:37:22,306
ATTEMPTS.  THE SUICIDE

1020
00:37:22,373 --> 00:37:24,909
COMPLETIONS OVER HALF ARE

1021
00:37:24,976 --> 00:37:27,712
FIREARMS. SMALL PERCENTAGE OF

1022
00:37:27,778 --> 00:37:29,380
PEOPLE WHO ATTEMPT WITH A GUN,

1023
00:37:29,447 --> 00:37:30,448
OVER HALF IN THE UNITED STATES

1024
00:37:30,514 --> 00:37:33,551
DIE, NOW 55% MOST RECENT YEAR.

1025
00:37:33,618 --> 00:37:36,320
WHO ATTEMPT SUICIDE WHO DIE FROM

1026
00:37:36,387 --> 00:37:39,457
SUICIDE DIE FROM FIREARMS. WHY

1027
00:37:39,523 --> 00:37:44,128
IS THAT? BECAUSE THE SUICIDE

1028
00:37:44,195 --> 00:37:45,529
RATE THE COMPLETION RATE IF YOU

1029
00:37:45,596 --> 00:37:47,765
SHOOT YOURSELF WITH A GUN IS

1030
00:37:47,832 --> 00:37:50,134
90%, IF YOU FAKE A LOT OF PILLS,

1031
00:37:50,201 --> 00:37:51,869
NO MATTER HOW MUCH YOU TAKE

1032
00:37:51,936 --> 00:37:53,571
THERE'S 3%. MEDICINE CAN SAVE

1033
00:37:53,638 --> 00:37:54,939
YOU IF YOU TAKE THE PILLS THEY

1034
00:37:55,006 --> 00:37:59,443
CAN'T SAVE YOU IF YOU SHOOT

1035
00:37:59,510 --> 00:38:03,648
YOURSELF. WON'T THEY GO ON TO

1036
00:38:03,714 --> 00:38:05,016
COMMIT SUICIDE ANYWAY? NO

1037
00:38:05,082 --> 00:38:06,150
QUESTION A HISTORY OF SUICIDE

1038
00:38:06,217 --> 00:38:08,119
ATTEMPT IS A RISK FACTOR FOR

1039
00:38:08,185 --> 00:38:11,856
COMPLETED SUICIDE. IT IS A RISK

1040
00:38:11,922 --> 00:38:14,125
FACTOR. BUT ONLY A RISK FACTOR.

1041
00:38:14,191 --> 00:38:17,595
WHAT PROPORTION OF SERIOUS

1042
00:38:17,662 --> 00:38:18,963
ATTEMPTERS, NOT PEOPLE WHO WERE

1043
00:38:19,030 --> 00:38:23,534
JUST CALL FOR HELP BUT PEOPLE

1044
00:38:23,601 --> 00:38:25,002
WHO HAVE DONE SOMEBODY MOST

1045
00:38:25,069 --> 00:38:26,270
THOUGHT THEY WOULD DIE FOR WHAT

1046
00:38:26,337 --> 00:38:31,676
THEY DID. THEY JUMPED OFF A HIGH

1047
00:38:31,742 --> 00:38:33,210
BUILDING. PEOPLE HAVE BEEN

1048
00:38:33,277 --> 00:38:36,013
FOLLOWING A GOOD NUMBER OF

1049
00:38:36,080 --> 00:38:37,915
STUDIES PEE P FOLLOWING 20

1050
00:38:37,982 --> 00:38:39,950
YEARS, WHAT PERCENT OF SERIOUS

1051
00:38:40,017 --> 00:38:41,218
ATTEMPT EVENTUALLY DIE BY

1052
00:38:41,285 --> 00:38:48,159
SUICIDE? ANSWER IS LESS THAN 10.

1053
00:38:48,225 --> 00:38:50,594
REALLY IS. AND MOST OF THE LARGE

1054
00:38:50,661 --> 00:38:52,663
MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WHO ATTEMPT

1055
00:38:52,730 --> 00:38:54,965
SUICIDE AND ARE SAVED, ARE HAPPY

1056
00:38:55,032 --> 00:38:57,034
TO BE ALIVE. NOT LIKE OH MY

1057
00:38:57,101 --> 00:38:58,569
GOODNESS NOW I'LL GO DO IT

1058
00:38:58,636 --> 00:39:00,004
AGAIN. THEY ARE HAPPY TO BE

1059
00:39:00,071 --> 00:39:04,709
ALIVE. THERE IS ALSO A LOT OF

1060
00:39:04,775 --> 00:39:07,244
STUDIES AND THE STUDY I ARE

1061
00:39:07,311 --> 00:39:08,279
OVERWHELMING A GUN IN THE HOME

1062
00:39:08,345 --> 00:39:10,381
INCREASES THE RISK OF PSEUDOSIDE

1063
00:39:10,448 --> 00:39:12,149
NOT ONLY TO -- SUICIDE NOT ONLY

1064
00:39:12,216 --> 00:39:13,317
GUN OWNER BUT EVERYBODY IN THE

1065
00:39:13,384 --> 00:39:14,218
HOME IN THE UNITED STATES, THE

1066
00:39:14,285 --> 00:39:18,756
GUN OWNER SPOUSE, THE GUN OWNER

1067
00:39:18,823 --> 00:39:21,859
CHILDREN. THERE'S BEEN LIKE 18

1068
00:39:21,926 --> 00:39:23,994
CASE CONTROL STUDIES. LOOKING

1069
00:39:24,061 --> 00:39:26,897
ALL DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS ALL --

1070
00:39:26,964 --> 00:39:29,800
LOTS AND LOTS, DOZEN -- MAYBE A

1071
00:39:29,867 --> 00:39:31,502
SCORE OF ECOLOGICAL STUDIES

1072
00:39:31,569 --> 00:39:33,170
LOOKING ACROSS CITIES ACROSS

1073
00:39:33,237 --> 00:39:35,473
STATES, ACROSS REGIONS. COUPLE

1074
00:39:35,539 --> 00:39:37,074
OF LONGITUDINAL STUDIES IN

1075
00:39:37,141 --> 00:39:38,342
CALIFORNIA BECAUSE CALIFORNIA IS

1076
00:39:38,409 --> 00:39:39,877
THE ONE PLACE WHICH HAS GOOD

1077
00:39:39,944 --> 00:39:43,447
DATA.  THEY ALL SHOW HAVING A

1078
00:39:43,514 --> 00:39:45,349
GUN IN THE HOME IS BAD FOR THE

1079
00:39:45,416 --> 00:39:48,486
HOME IN TERMS OF SUICIDE.  WE

1080
00:39:48,552 --> 00:39:50,621
TRIED TO LOOK AT MAYBE INSTEAD

1081
00:39:50,688 --> 00:39:53,924
PEOPLE IN THE HOME GUN OWNERS

1082
00:39:53,991 --> 00:39:55,693
AND FAMILIES ARE HAVE HIGHER

1083
00:39:55,760 --> 00:39:56,861
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OR

1084
00:39:56,927 --> 00:39:58,996
SOMETHING, ANSWER IS NO, NO, N .

1085
00:39:59,063 --> 00:40:00,464
SO THIS GIVES YOU A FEELING

1086
00:40:00,531 --> 00:40:01,832
ECOLOGICAL, NOT A STUDY. THIS

1087
00:40:01,899 --> 00:40:03,033
GIVES YOU A FEELING FOR THE SIZE

1088
00:40:03,100 --> 00:40:07,605
OF THE PROBLEM. STUDY LOOKS AT

1089
00:40:07,671 --> 00:40:08,973
ALL THE STATES AND YEARS AND

1090
00:40:09,039 --> 00:40:10,407
CONTROLS FOR LOTS OF THINGS,

1091
00:40:10,474 --> 00:40:15,146
GIVE YOU A FEELING FOR OVER A

1092
00:40:15,212 --> 00:40:17,448
DECADE, 2011 TO 2020 FOR

1093
00:40:17,515 --> 00:40:18,849
FEMALES. I PICK FEMALES I DON'T

1094
00:40:18,916 --> 00:40:20,184
KNOW JUST BECAUSE I WANTED

1095
00:40:20,251 --> 00:40:22,553
SOMETHING ELSE BESIDES LITTLE

1096
00:40:22,620 --> 00:40:24,455
KIDS. ALSO FIND SOMEBODY HARD TO

1097
00:40:24,522 --> 00:40:27,491
BLAME THE VICTIM. WHAT THIS SAYS

1098
00:40:27,558 --> 00:40:30,060
IS IF YOU LOOK AT UNINTENTIONAL

1099
00:40:30,127 --> 00:40:31,228
FIREARM, LOOK AT ALL THE STATES

1100
00:40:31,295 --> 00:40:33,731
HERE, LOOKING AT NOT THE STATES

1101
00:40:33,798 --> 00:40:35,800
WITH LOTS OF PROBLEMS, JUST

1102
00:40:35,866 --> 00:40:39,203
STATES WITH LOTS OF GUN AND

1103
00:40:39,270 --> 00:40:40,304
STATES WITH FEW GUNS. TURNS OUT

1104
00:40:40,371 --> 00:40:42,506
STATES WITH LOTS OF GUNS ALSO

1105
00:40:42,573 --> 00:40:43,741
HAVE WEAK GUN LAWS STATES WITH

1106
00:40:43,808 --> 00:40:45,876
FEW GUNS HAVE STRONGER GUN LAWS,

1107
00:40:45,943 --> 00:40:47,545
STATES WITH LOTS OF GUNS ARE

1108
00:40:47,611 --> 00:40:48,779
TYPICALLY THE SOUTHERN STATES IN

1109
00:40:48,846 --> 00:40:50,581
THE MOUNTAIN STATES,S THE STATES

1110
00:40:50,648 --> 00:40:54,585
WITH FEW GUNS ARE PLACES LIKE

1111
00:40:54,652 --> 00:40:57,555
NEW ENGLAND AND NEW YORK,

1112
00:40:57,621 --> 00:40:58,956
MASSACHUSETTS, WHERE I AM FROM,

1113
00:40:59,023 --> 00:41:02,059
NEW JERSEY WHERE THE SOPRANOS

1114
00:41:02,126 --> 00:41:04,361
ARE FROM AND HAWAII. WHAT THIS

1115
00:41:04,428 --> 00:41:06,597
SAYS IS THAT DURING THIS PERIOD,

1116
00:41:06,664 --> 00:41:10,034
THEY ARE ABOUT THE SAME NUMBER

1117
00:41:10,100 --> 00:41:11,836
OF FEMALE YEARS AT RISK.  WE

1118
00:41:11,902 --> 00:41:13,604
RIDE TO KEEP GOING UNTIL WE GOT

1119
00:41:13,671 --> 00:41:15,072
ENOUGH STATES AND THEY WERE

1120
00:41:15,139 --> 00:41:16,207
COMPARABLE SO SAME NUMBER OF

1121
00:41:16,273 --> 00:41:19,376
TOTAL PEOPLE. THERE IS MORE

1122
00:41:19,443 --> 00:41:20,978
WOMEN IN LOW GUN STATES DURING

1123
00:41:21,045 --> 00:41:24,014
THIS PERIOD. THERE ARE 18 WOMEN

1124
00:41:24,081 --> 00:41:25,950
IN LOW GUN STATES ONE

1125
00:41:26,016 --> 00:41:27,284
INTENTIONALLY DIED IN FIREARM

1126
00:41:27,351 --> 00:41:29,720
DEATH COMPARED TO 96 IN HIGH GUN

1127
00:41:29,787 --> 00:41:34,124
STATES. 768 WOMEN IN LOW GUN

1128
00:41:34,191 --> 00:41:35,259
STATES, WHO COMMITTED SUICIDE

1129
00:41:35,326 --> 00:41:37,928
WITH A GUN COMPARED TO 6,610 IN

1130
00:41:37,995 --> 00:41:42,867
THE HIGH GUN STATES.  982 WOMEN

1131
00:41:42,933 --> 00:41:43,667
IN LOW DONE STATES WHO ARE

1132
00:41:43,734 --> 00:41:45,102
VICTIMIZED IN TERMS OF BEING

1133
00:41:45,169 --> 00:41:49,139
SHOT IN A HOMICIDE. COMPARED TO

1134
00:41:49,206 --> 00:41:52,710
4,136 IN THE HIGH GUN STATES.

1135
00:41:52,776 --> 00:41:53,911
THIS DOESN'T CONTROL, JUST A

1136
00:41:53,978 --> 00:41:55,546
SIZE OF THIS PROBLEM, IT IS

1137
00:41:55,613 --> 00:42:00,818
ENORMOUS. LOOKS LIKE A

1138
00:42:00,885 --> 00:42:02,052
DIFFERENCE IN SUICIDE ACROSS

1139
00:42:02,119 --> 00:42:04,054
STATES BUT LOOKING AT ALL 50

1140
00:42:04,121 --> 00:42:05,456
STATES NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

1141
00:42:05,522 --> 00:42:08,325
GUN OWNERSHIP LEVELS, AND

1142
00:42:08,392 --> 00:42:09,960
NON-GUN SUICIDE OR NON-GUN

1143
00:42:10,027 --> 00:42:13,564
HOMICIDE.  ALL THE DIFFERENCES

1144
00:42:13,631 --> 00:42:17,268
IS IN TERMS OF GUNS. NEW ENGLAND

1145
00:42:17,334 --> 00:42:18,636
WHERE I AM FROM THERE'S SIX

1146
00:42:18,702 --> 00:42:20,504
STATES, THREE STATES WITH LOTS

1147
00:42:20,571 --> 00:42:22,139
OF GUN THREE WITH FEW GUNS. THE

1148
00:42:22,206 --> 00:42:24,108
ONES WITH LOTS OF GUNS HAVE ALL

1149
00:42:24,174 --> 00:42:27,578
THE STATES HAVE ABOUT THE SAME

1150
00:42:27,645 --> 00:42:31,148
NUMBER OF NON-FIREARM SUICIDES

1151
00:42:31,215 --> 00:42:33,284
BUT THE THREE STATES WITH LOTS

1152
00:42:33,350 --> 00:42:33,951
OF GUNS HAVE HIGH RATES OF

1153
00:42:34,018 --> 00:42:36,587
FIREARM STEW SIDE. THREE STATES

1154
00:42:36,654 --> 00:42:41,191
WITH LOW RATES OF GUNS HAVE LOW

1155
00:42:41,258 --> 00:42:43,294
SUICIDES. (INAUDIBLE) LIVE FREE

1156
00:42:43,360 --> 00:42:46,397
AND DIE NEW HAMPSHIRE. SO WE

1157
00:42:46,463 --> 00:42:47,731
HAVE BEEN TRYING TO DISSEMINATE

1158
00:42:47,798 --> 00:42:50,134
THIS MESSAGE OVER AND OVER AND

1159
00:42:50,200 --> 00:42:52,803
OVER. IT IS NOT LIKE WE THE ONLY

1160
00:42:52,870 --> 00:42:55,105
PEOPLE BUT GROUPS OF US, WE HAVE

1161
00:42:55,172 --> 00:42:56,740
BEEN REALLY SUCCESSFUL IN THE

1162
00:42:56,807 --> 00:42:59,777
LAST TEN YEARS THE ARMY

1163
00:42:59,843 --> 00:43:00,544
UNDERSTANDS THAT GUN REALLY

1164
00:43:00,611 --> 00:43:02,279
MATTER FOR SUICIDES, THE

1165
00:43:02,346 --> 00:43:04,548
VETERANS REALLY MATTER --

1166
00:43:04,615 --> 00:43:07,051
UNDERSTAND. EASY ACCESSIBILITY

1167
00:43:07,117 --> 00:43:09,186
GUN MATTER FOR SUICIDE. ALL THE

1168
00:43:09,253 --> 00:43:11,055
STATE SUICIDE PREVENTION

1169
00:43:11,121 --> 00:43:12,556
STRATEGIES AND PLANS NOW TALK

1170
00:43:12,623 --> 00:43:14,391
ABOUT GUNS AND SUICIDE.  REALLY

1171
00:43:14,458 --> 00:43:18,329
MATTERS.  WE TRIED TO DO A LOT

1172
00:43:18,395 --> 00:43:21,432
OF LETHAL MEANS COUNSELING

1173
00:43:21,498 --> 00:43:22,833
PROVIDERS AND GATE KEEPERS TO

1174
00:43:22,900 --> 00:43:24,301
HELP PHYSICIANS AND OTHERS

1175
00:43:24,368 --> 00:43:26,937
UNDERSTAND THIS. I TALK A LITTLE

1176
00:43:27,004 --> 00:43:29,940
BIT ABOUT THE GUN OWNING

1177
00:43:30,007 --> 00:43:32,676
COMMUNITY. ONLINE HELPING

1178
00:43:32,743 --> 00:43:36,046
PROVIDERS, WE ABOUT OVER 15,000

1179
00:43:36,113 --> 00:43:37,514
CLINICIANS TAKE THIS ONLINE

1180
00:43:37,581 --> 00:43:39,249
TRAINING TRYING TO UNDERSTAND A

1181
00:43:39,316 --> 00:43:40,584
LITTLE BIT ABOUT ACCESS TO

1182
00:43:40,651 --> 00:43:44,989
LETHAL MEANS AND SUICIDE. ONE OF

1183
00:43:45,055 --> 00:43:46,890
THE THINGS WE HAVE DONE IS TRY

1184
00:43:46,957 --> 00:43:49,893
TO FUND COMMON GROUND WITH A

1185
00:43:49,960 --> 00:43:51,695
WOMAN NAMED CATHY BARBARA, A

1186
00:43:51,762 --> 00:43:53,764
WOMAN TO DEAL WITH TO TALK WITH

1187
00:43:53,831 --> 00:43:55,799
GUNNERS IN THIS WAY. SHE WORKED

1188
00:43:55,866 --> 00:43:58,402
WITH GUNNERS AROUND THE WORLD.

1189
00:43:58,469 --> 00:44:00,838
ONE OF THE NICE THINGS SHE DID

1190
00:44:00,904 --> 00:44:03,941
IS IN UTAH SHE GOT HERSELF

1191
00:44:04,008 --> 00:44:07,244
INVITED TO THIS SAFETY -- THIS

1192
00:44:07,311 --> 00:44:08,312
TRAINERS WHO WERE DOING

1193
00:44:08,379 --> 00:44:10,914
CONCEALED CARRY TRAINING. UTAH

1194
00:44:10,981 --> 00:44:13,984
IS A RED STATE, LOTS OF GUNS,

1195
00:44:14,051 --> 00:44:15,019
PROBABLY THE GUN TRAINING

1196
00:44:15,085 --> 00:44:18,956
CAPITAL OF THE WORLD. IT TRAINS

1197
00:44:19,023 --> 00:44:21,558
TRAINERS IN LOTS OF STATES. AND

1198
00:44:21,625 --> 00:44:22,593
SHE SAID YOU ARE DOING -- TRYING

1199
00:44:22,659 --> 00:44:25,662
TO DO A GOOD JOB REDUCING

1200
00:44:25,729 --> 00:44:27,031
ACCIDENTAL GUN DEATH BUT FOR

1201
00:44:27,097 --> 00:44:30,267
EVERY ACCIDENTAL GUN DEATH IN

1202
00:44:30,334 --> 00:44:33,070
UTAH THERE ARE 85 SUICIDE?

1203
00:44:33,137 --> 00:44:34,972
AND THEY SAID THAT CAN'T BE. HOW

1204
00:44:35,039 --> 00:44:36,507
IS THAT POSSIBLE? SHE SAID RAISE

1205
00:44:36,573 --> 00:44:39,109
YOUR HAND IF U YOU KNOW SOMEONE

1206
00:44:39,176 --> 00:44:40,811
WHO WOULD INTENTIONALLY KILL

1207
00:44:40,878 --> 00:44:42,880
THEMSELVESES WITH A GUN. A A FEW

1208
00:44:42,946 --> 00:44:46,683
HANDS UP UP. RAISE YOUR HAND INU

1209
00:44:46,750 --> 00:44:48,018
KNOW SOMEONE WHO COMMITTED

1210
00:44:48,085 --> 00:44:49,620
SUICIDE. THESE ARE OLDER WHITE

1211
00:44:49,686 --> 00:44:51,522
GUYS AND THAT'S HOW THEY DIE

1212
00:44:51,588 --> 00:44:53,057
MOSTLY. THEY SAID ALL RIGHT.

1213
00:44:53,123 --> 00:44:55,526
THAT IS REALLY POSSIBLE, SHE

1214
00:44:55,592 --> 00:44:58,562
SAID WELL, MAYBE WHAT IF WE

1215
00:44:58,629 --> 00:45:00,431
CREATED -- DO YOU GUYS TALK

1216
00:45:00,497 --> 00:45:02,232
SUICIDE AT ALL IN ANY TRAININGS?

1217
00:45:02,299 --> 00:45:07,204
IN THEY SAID NO. SHE, 8 TO 1.

1218
00:45:07,271 --> 00:45:08,672
WHAT IF WE WORK TOGETHER TO

1219
00:45:08,739 --> 00:45:10,941
CREATE A MODULE, WOULD YOU USE

1220
00:45:11,008 --> 00:45:12,509
IT? MAYBE LET'S SEE. WORK

1221
00:45:12,576 --> 00:45:13,877
TOGETHER AND CREATE AD MODULE

1222
00:45:13,944 --> 00:45:16,013
AND THEY LOVED THE MODULE, THEY

1223
00:45:16,080 --> 00:45:17,181
THINK IT IS THE GREATEST THING.

1224
00:45:17,247 --> 00:45:20,451
THE MODULE BASICALLY IS, IT IS A

1225
00:45:20,517 --> 00:45:21,985
MESSAGE SIMILAR FRIENDS DON'T

1226
00:45:22,052 --> 00:45:23,787
LET FRIENDS DRIVE DRUNK.

1227
00:45:23,854 --> 00:45:25,155
BASICALLY IT SAYS IF YOUR

1228
00:45:25,222 --> 00:45:27,324
FRIENDS IS GOING THROUGH A BAD

1229
00:45:27,391 --> 00:45:29,126
PATCH, IT SHOULD BE YOUR

1230
00:45:29,193 --> 00:45:29,893
RESPONSIBILITY AND YOU SHOULD

1231
00:45:29,960 --> 00:45:34,565
KNOW IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY

1232
00:45:34,631 --> 00:45:36,366
TO QUOTE, IN THEIR WORDS BABY

1233
00:45:36,433 --> 00:45:37,201
SIT THE GUN. YOUR FRIEND IS

1234
00:45:37,267 --> 00:45:39,069
GETTING A DIVORCE, DRINKING HE'S

1235
00:45:39,136 --> 00:45:43,607
TALKING CRAZY, YOU SHOULD TAKE

1236
00:45:43,674 --> 00:45:45,776
HIS GUNS. NOT HE SHOULD HAND YOU

1237
00:45:45,843 --> 00:45:50,180
HIS GUNS HE SHOULD KNOW, YOU

1238
00:45:50,247 --> 00:45:51,315
SHOULDN'T HAVE YOUR GUNS FOR A

1239
00:45:51,381 --> 00:45:53,183
WHILE. HE GETS A NEW GIRLFRIEND,

1240
00:45:53,250 --> 00:45:55,285
THINGS GET BETTER, HE GETS THEM

1241
00:45:55,352 --> 00:45:57,888
BACK. THEY LOVE IT THEY CREATED,

1242
00:45:57,955 --> 00:45:59,923
THIS IS THEIR THING, THE BEST

1243
00:45:59,990 --> 00:46:02,159
PSA I HAVE EVER SEEN. THIS

1244
00:46:02,226 --> 00:46:04,828
GUNNER. AT GUN RANGE. HE IS A

1245
00:46:04,895 --> 00:46:09,166
GUNNER, AT THE GUN RANGE, WITH

1246
00:46:09,233 --> 00:46:11,135
NICE NOT TOO LOUD. BABA BABA

1247
00:46:11,201 --> 00:46:14,104
BABA. AND THEN HE TURNS TO THE

1248
00:46:14,171 --> 00:46:15,205
CAMERA AND SAYS LAST YEAR THINGS

1249
00:46:15,272 --> 00:46:18,108
WERE REALLY GOING BAD IN MY

1250
00:46:18,175 --> 00:46:19,476
LIFE. I JUST DON'T KNOW DIDN'T

1251
00:46:19,543 --> 00:46:21,345
KNOW WHAT I WAS GOING TO DO AND

1252
00:46:21,411 --> 00:46:23,580
MY FRIEND BABY SAT MY GUN AND I

1253
00:46:23,647 --> 00:46:26,683
THINK IT SAVED MY LIFE. THEN HE

1254
00:46:26,750 --> 00:46:27,818
GOES BACK BUM BUM BUM BUM BUM.

1255
00:46:27,885 --> 00:46:30,521
THAT'S THE END. IT IS A BIG

1256
00:46:30,587 --> 00:46:35,058
SUCCESS STORY. THEY LOVE IT.

1257
00:46:35,125 --> 00:46:40,364
AND NOT ONLY THEY -- COME IN GUN

1258
00:46:40,430 --> 00:46:41,965
SAFETY, CONSIDER TEMPORARY

1259
00:46:42,032 --> 00:46:44,101
STORAGE OF FAMILY MEMBER MAYBE

1260
00:46:44,168 --> 00:46:47,905
SUICIDAL. THE PUBLIC HEALTH

1261
00:46:47,971 --> 00:46:49,106
APPROACH INCLUDES NOT ONLY

1262
00:46:49,173 --> 00:46:50,641
CHANGING THE PRODUCT OR NEW

1263
00:46:50,707 --> 00:46:52,843
ENVIRONMENT BUT CHANGING SOCIAL

1264
00:46:52,910 --> 00:46:56,146
NORMS AND FINDING ALLIES TO

1265
00:46:56,213 --> 00:46:57,948
CHANGE SOCIAL NORMS. TRYING TO

1266
00:46:58,015 --> 00:46:59,216
CHANGE SOCIAL NORMS ABOUT GUNS

1267
00:46:59,283 --> 00:47:01,652
AN SUICIDE. ONE NICE THING ABOUT

1268
00:47:01,718 --> 00:47:04,688
WORKING WITH SUICIDES, WE ARE

1269
00:47:04,755 --> 00:47:06,123
ALL -- THEY ARE APPROACHED BY

1270
00:47:06,190 --> 00:47:07,257
CATHY AS PARTS OF THE SOLUTION.

1271
00:47:07,324 --> 00:47:08,859
NOT PART OF THE PROBLEM. THEY

1272
00:47:08,926 --> 00:47:10,394
BECAME INTERESTED IN THIS.

1273
00:47:10,460 --> 00:47:12,062
BECAUSE THIS AFFECTS THEM. THEY

1274
00:47:12,129 --> 00:47:14,898
SAID WELL, LET'S TRY TO DO

1275
00:47:14,965 --> 00:47:15,966
SOMETHING ABOUT -- TRY TO FIND

1276
00:47:16,033 --> 00:47:19,236
OUT MORE ABOUT THIS. SO THEY

1277
00:47:19,303 --> 00:47:21,905
SAID OKAY, LET'S -- WE WILL GET

1278
00:47:21,972 --> 00:47:24,341
THE LEGISLATURE TO DO A STUDY,

1279
00:47:24,408 --> 00:47:29,413
TO GET SOME DATA. SO THEY GOT

1280
00:47:29,479 --> 00:47:33,350
THE LEGISLATURE AND LIKE A

1281
00:47:33,417 --> 00:47:34,585
$250,000 AND PROBABLY GAVE US

1282
00:47:34,651 --> 00:47:39,122
THE MONEY AT HARVARD. WE FOUND

1283
00:47:39,189 --> 00:47:41,024
OUT THESE THINGS AND ONE THING

1284
00:47:41,091 --> 00:47:42,859
THEY REQUIRED IS THAT EVERYBODY

1285
00:47:42,926 --> 00:47:44,628
LINK DATA WITH US SO FOR THE

1286
00:47:44,695 --> 00:47:47,264
FIRST TIME EVER, WE HAVE DATA

1287
00:47:47,331 --> 00:47:48,532
LINKING SUICIDINGS WITH MEDICAL

1288
00:47:48,599 --> 00:47:55,439
CARE. EVERY SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED

1289
00:47:55,505 --> 00:47:57,441
SUICIDE, YOUTH GOT BACKGROUND

1290
00:47:57,507 --> 00:47:59,076
CHECK, DID THEY PASS A

1291
00:47:59,142 --> 00:48:00,577
BACKGROUND CHECK. DID THEY HAVE

1292
00:48:00,644 --> 00:48:03,146
A CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT. WAS

1293
00:48:03,213 --> 00:48:06,850
THIS THEIR HONE GUN, DID THEY

1294
00:48:06,917 --> 00:48:07,784
SOMEHOW TRACING DATA. NOBODY HAS

1295
00:48:07,851 --> 00:48:09,019
DONE THIS BEFORE. NOBODY HAS

1296
00:48:09,086 --> 00:48:11,321
DONE THIS SINCE. WE CAN'T GET

1297
00:48:11,388 --> 00:48:14,057
PALACE MASS TO LINK THE DATA BUT

1298
00:48:14,124 --> 00:48:15,726
THEY ALREADY DO IT THERE.  THEY

1299
00:48:15,792 --> 00:48:16,893
ALSO SAID THIS IS REALLY

1300
00:48:16,960 --> 00:48:19,663
IMPORTANT. WE THINK PEOPLE GUN

1301
00:48:19,730 --> 00:48:20,797
TRAINERS SHOULD DO SOMETHING

1302
00:48:20,864 --> 00:48:22,733
ABOUT SUICIDE. THEY SHOULD USE

1303
00:48:22,799 --> 00:48:26,803
THIS MODULE. THEY SAID HOW CAN

1304
00:48:26,870 --> 00:48:29,373
WE DO THIS, WE CAN TRY TO

1305
00:48:29,439 --> 00:48:31,041
CONVINCE ALL OF THEM BUT THAT IS

1306
00:48:31,108 --> 00:48:32,709
TOO HARD. SO MANY GUN TRAINERS.

1307
00:48:32,776 --> 00:48:34,711
WE WILL MAKE IT MANDATORY. WE

1308
00:48:34,778 --> 00:48:36,580
KNOW EVERYBODY IN THE

1309
00:48:36,647 --> 00:48:37,514
LEGISLATURE, SO NOW IT IS

1310
00:48:37,581 --> 00:48:39,216
REQUIRED IF YOU TEACH A

1311
00:48:39,283 --> 00:48:40,183
CONCEALED CARRY CLASS THEN YOU

1312
00:48:40,250 --> 00:48:43,020
HAVE A MODULE ABOUT GUN SUICIDE

1313
00:48:43,086 --> 00:48:44,488
THAT IS ONE OF THREE STATES,

1314
00:48:44,554 --> 00:48:46,056
MASSACHUSETTS IS ONE BECAUSE I

1315
00:48:46,123 --> 00:48:47,591
WAS ON SOME COMMITTEE AND PUSH

1316
00:48:47,658 --> 00:48:50,093
AND PUSHED IN MASSACHUSETTS. SO

1317
00:48:50,160 --> 00:48:52,229
ANYWAY,S A DECADE AGO SUICIDE

1318
00:48:52,296 --> 00:48:53,797
PREVENTION PRACTITIONERS WEREN'T

1319
00:48:53,864 --> 00:48:57,567
TALKING GUNS. NOW THEY ARE. A

1320
00:48:57,634 --> 00:48:59,202
DECADE AGO FIREARM EXPERTS

1321
00:48:59,269 --> 00:49:00,704
WEREN'T TALKING SUICIDE, NOW

1322
00:49:00,771 --> 00:49:03,440
THEY ARE BEGINNING TO. GUN SHOPS

1323
00:49:03,507 --> 00:49:05,442
GUN RANGES, IN 20 STATES WE

1324
00:49:05,509 --> 00:49:08,312
WORKED WITH, INCLUDE SUICIDE

1325
00:49:08,378 --> 00:49:10,080
PREVENTION OUTREACH AS PART OF

1326
00:49:10,147 --> 00:49:11,782
THEIR MISSION WHICH IS NICE FOR

1327
00:49:11,848 --> 00:49:14,318
GUN INNERS. BUT THE BIG PROBLEM,

1328
00:49:14,384 --> 00:49:16,253
WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO IN THIS

1329
00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:20,257
LITTLE AREA. ONLY 30% OF

1330
00:49:20,324 --> 00:49:22,092
PHYSICIANS IN THE UNITED STATES

1331
00:49:22,159 --> 00:49:23,460
UNDERSTAND THAT A GUN ONLY

1332
00:49:23,527 --> 00:49:26,296
INCREASES THE RISK OF SUICIDE.

1333
00:49:26,363 --> 00:49:27,964
70% DO NOT UNDERSTAND, DO NOT

1334
00:49:28,031 --> 00:49:30,634
BELIEVE IT THOUGH THE EVIDENCE

1335
00:49:30,701 --> 00:49:35,205
IS OVERWHELMING. 85% ALMOST ALL

1336
00:49:35,272 --> 00:49:36,740
GUN OWNERS DON'T BELIEVE IT OR

1337
00:49:36,807 --> 00:49:38,208
UNDERSTAND IT SO THEY ARE

1338
00:49:38,275 --> 00:49:40,877
BRINGING INCREDIBLY DANGEROUS

1339
00:49:40,944 --> 00:49:41,945
PRODUCT IN THEIR HOUSE THAT

1340
00:49:42,012 --> 00:49:43,847
REALLY INCREASED THE SUICIDE

1341
00:49:43,914 --> 00:49:46,850
RATE THREEFOLD TO THEIR

1342
00:49:46,917 --> 00:49:47,784
CHILDREN, AND THEY DON'T

1343
00:49:47,851 --> 00:49:53,390
UNDERSTAND IT.  AGAIN, AMAZON

1344
00:49:53,457 --> 00:49:54,124
THANK YOU.

1345
00:49:54,191 --> 00:49:58,061
[APPLAUSE]

1346
00:49:58,128 --> 00:49:59,896
>> WE DO HAVE A COUPLE OF

1347
00:49:59,963 --> 00:50:01,098
QUESTIONS. THOSE BOOKS WERE

1348
00:50:01,164 --> 00:50:06,603
MENTIONED IN OUR STAFF MESSAGE.

1349
00:50:06,670 --> 00:50:08,004
TO REMIND EVERYONE WE HAVE A

1350
00:50:08,071 --> 00:50:11,375
RECEPTION ON THIS SNOW DAY I CAN

1351
00:50:11,441 --> 00:50:12,809
SAY THE -- THE PARTICIPANT TO

1352
00:50:12,876 --> 00:50:15,112
COOKIE RATIO IS QUITE -- IS VERY

1353
00:50:15,178 --> 00:50:18,882
MUCH IN YOUR FAVOR. SO ANYONE IS

1354
00:50:18,949 --> 00:50:20,484
FREE TO USE THE MICS IF YOU HAVE

1355
00:50:20,550 --> 00:50:23,253
QUESTIONS, I WILL START FROM THE

1356
00:50:23,320 --> 00:50:26,723
ONLINE ONES. LET ME GO THE FIRST

1357
00:50:26,790 --> 00:50:30,460
ONE, THIS CAME IN EARLY. I HAVE

1358
00:50:30,527 --> 00:50:33,363
READ THAT SWITZERLAND AND

1359
00:50:33,430 --> 00:50:37,367
PERHAPS CANADA, SORRY MISSING,

1360
00:50:37,434 --> 00:50:38,668
THEY HAVE AS MANY OR MORE GUNS

1361
00:50:38,735 --> 00:50:42,939
PER CAPIPER CAPITA. IS THIS TRU,

1362
00:50:43,006 --> 00:50:44,241
WHY DO THEY HAVE FEWER GUN

1363
00:50:44,307 --> 00:50:45,442
DEATH?

1364
00:50:45,509 --> 00:50:46,977
SOMETHING TO DO WITH HEALTH

1365
00:50:47,043 --> 00:50:48,779
DISPARITIES OR MENTAL HEALTH?

1366
00:50:48,845 --> 00:50:51,581
>> LET ME TALK FIRST WITH

1367
00:50:51,648 --> 00:50:53,016
CANADA, CANADA DOESN'T HAVE

1368
00:50:53,083 --> 00:50:54,618
NEARLY AS MANY GUNS AS THE

1369
00:50:54,684 --> 00:50:56,420
UNITED STATES. MICHAEL MOORE

1370
00:50:56,486 --> 00:50:57,921
SAID THEY DID AND HE WAS

1371
00:50:57,988 --> 00:51:00,190
COMPLETELY WRONG AND SO

1372
00:51:00,257 --> 00:51:04,094
ANNOYING. SECONDLY, THERE ARE

1373
00:51:04,161 --> 00:51:05,095
GUNS ARE MOSTLY LONGANS WHEREAS

1374
00:51:05,162 --> 00:51:10,233
A LOT OF HANDGUNS MOSTLY

1375
00:51:10,300 --> 00:51:11,501
(INAUDIBLE) HANDGUNS WE HAVE

1376
00:51:11,568 --> 00:51:12,636
MILITARY WEAPONS THEY DON'T

1377
00:51:12,702 --> 00:51:15,172
THERE. AND THEY HAVE STRONG GUN

1378
00:51:15,238 --> 00:51:18,008
LAWS SO EXAMPLE DO YOU GET A GUN

1379
00:51:18,074 --> 00:51:19,276
THERE YOU HAVE A WAITING PERIOD,

1380
00:51:19,342 --> 00:51:20,777
YOU HAVE A LONG BACKGROUND

1381
00:51:20,844 --> 00:51:22,913
CHECK, MORE LIKE AN FBI CHECK

1382
00:51:22,979 --> 00:51:24,381
AND YOU HAVE TO TELL YOUR SPOUSE

1383
00:51:24,448 --> 00:51:25,715
AN E SPOUSE YOU ARE GETTING A

1384
00:51:25,782 --> 00:51:28,084
GUN. THEY HAVE TO APPROVE IT.

1385
00:51:28,151 --> 00:51:32,355
SO IT IS VERY DIFFERENT WORLD.

1386
00:51:32,422 --> 00:51:33,523
SWITZERLAND, PEOPLE HAVE DONE

1387
00:51:33,590 --> 00:51:36,726
THESE STUDY ABOUT SWITZERLAND IS

1388
00:51:36,793 --> 00:51:38,261
-- GOD I CAN'T REMEMBER I GET

1389
00:51:38,328 --> 00:51:41,364
CONFUSED WITH ISRAEL, IF WE HAD

1390
00:51:41,431 --> 00:51:42,933
THE GUN LAWS IN THE UNITED

1391
00:51:42,999 --> 00:51:45,735
STATES THAT THEY HAD IN

1392
00:51:45,802 --> 00:51:48,305
SWITZERLAND ALL THE RAD BY

1393
00:51:48,371 --> 00:51:49,072
GUNNERS WOULD COMPLAIN THIS IS

1394
00:51:49,139 --> 00:51:50,607
THE MOST UNFAIR SYSTEM. THEY

1395
00:51:50,674 --> 00:51:54,244
HAVE MUCH STRONGER GUN LAWS A

1396
00:51:54,311 --> 00:51:56,046
LOT OF THEIR GUNS LIKE A LOT OF

1397
00:51:56,112 --> 00:51:58,515
ISRAELI GUNS ARE MILITARY

1398
00:51:58,582 --> 00:52:00,016
WEAPONS. THEY -- YOU SAY YEAH

1399
00:52:00,083 --> 00:52:02,085
YOU HAVE GUNS BUT OWNED BY

1400
00:52:02,152 --> 00:52:03,920
MILITARY. THEY HAVE ALL THESE

1401
00:52:03,987 --> 00:52:05,255
REGULATIONS THEY HAVE TO BE

1402
00:52:05,322 --> 00:52:07,491
STORED CORRECTLY, IF AND

1403
00:52:07,557 --> 00:52:09,292
SEPARATELY FROM THE AMMUNITION.

1404
00:52:09,359 --> 00:52:13,129
IF THEY FIND YOU OPEN THE

1405
00:52:13,196 --> 00:52:16,333
AMMUNITION YOU CAN BE COURT

1406
00:52:16,399 --> 00:52:19,302
MARSHALLED.  ONE THING TOO IS WE

1407
00:52:19,369 --> 00:52:22,873
KNOW THERE IS A CHANGE IN

1408
00:52:22,939 --> 00:52:23,907
SWITZERLAND SO REDUCED THE

1409
00:52:23,974 --> 00:52:25,742
NUMBER, I HATE PEOPLE WHO GO

1410
00:52:25,809 --> 00:52:28,144
INTO MILITARY SERVICE AND NOT

1411
00:52:28,211 --> 00:52:29,713
REALLY SUICIDE RATE BECAUSE IT

1412
00:52:29,779 --> 00:52:32,048
REDUCED THE SUICIDE RATE AMONG

1413
00:52:32,115 --> 00:52:33,049
THAT PARTICULAR AGE GROUP.

1414
00:52:33,116 --> 00:52:41,491
>> LET'S GO IN THE HOUSE.

1415
00:52:41,558 --> 00:52:46,296
(OFF MIC)

1416
00:52:46,363 --> 00:52:50,033
>> YEAH. SO MY QUESTION IS ABOUT

1417
00:52:50,100 --> 00:52:52,302
YOUTH AND HOW TO FIND ALLIES. IT

1418
00:52:52,369 --> 00:52:56,339
IS AMAZING THAT WOMAN WHO WENT

1419
00:52:56,406 --> 00:52:57,340
TO AND REALLY CONNECTED TO

1420
00:52:57,407 --> 00:52:59,376
PEOPLE AND THEN I THINK

1421
00:52:59,442 --> 00:53:02,546
SOMETHING LIKE GUN VIOLENCE, IT

1422
00:53:02,612 --> 00:53:05,549
IS JUST VERY HARD TO JUST

1423
00:53:05,615 --> 00:53:07,350
COMPLETELY FORGET ABOUT YOUR

1424
00:53:07,417 --> 00:53:11,121
MORAL STATE OR HOW YOU ACTUALLY

1425
00:53:11,187 --> 00:53:13,723
FEEL ABOUT WHETHER YOU ARE

1426
00:53:13,790 --> 00:53:15,258
OWNING GUN OR NOT AND THEN YOU

1427
00:53:15,325 --> 00:53:16,526
KNOW SOME THINK IT IS GREAT,

1428
00:53:16,593 --> 00:53:18,028
SOME THINK IT IS A HORRIBLE

1429
00:53:18,094 --> 00:53:19,829
THING. AS A RESEARCHER PUBLIC

1430
00:53:19,896 --> 00:53:21,131
HEALTH RESEARCHER HOW DO YOU

1431
00:53:21,197 --> 00:53:23,033
OVERCOME THAT, BECAUSE I'M

1432
00:53:23,099 --> 00:53:27,270
SAYING IF YOU FAKE IT IT

1433
00:53:27,337 --> 00:53:29,239
(INAUDIBLE) AND YOU CAN'T FIND

1434
00:53:29,306 --> 00:53:29,639
ALLIES.

1435
00:53:29,706 --> 00:53:32,342
>> SO THE NOTION IS IT IS NOT --

1436
00:53:32,409 --> 00:53:35,011
GUNS ARE NOT -- IT IS BASICALLY

1437
00:53:35,078 --> 00:53:37,714
PEOPLE WHO OWN GUNS AN PEOPLE

1438
00:53:37,781 --> 00:53:39,349
WHO DON'T OWN GUNS ALL WANT

1439
00:53:39,416 --> 00:53:41,585
PEOPLE TO BE SAFE. NOT THE GUN

1440
00:53:41,651 --> 00:53:44,454
OWNERS OH WE WANT PEOPLE UNSAFE,

1441
00:53:44,521 --> 00:53:46,957
THEY THINK MORE SAFE THOUGH THE

1442
00:53:47,023 --> 00:53:48,325
EVIDENCE HAS SHOWN OTHERWISE BUT

1443
00:53:48,391 --> 00:53:49,993
NOT LIKE THE EVIDENCE FOR

1444
00:53:50,060 --> 00:53:51,795
SUICIDE IT IS OVERWHELMING BUT

1445
00:53:51,861 --> 00:53:54,331
FOR SOME THINGS IT IS NOT.

1446
00:53:54,397 --> 00:53:56,299
CERTAINLY WHAT THE EVIDENCE

1447
00:53:56,366 --> 00:53:59,202
SHOWS IS THAT IF YOU HAVE A GUN

1448
00:53:59,269 --> 00:54:02,072
IT WILL INCREASE THE CHANCE

1449
00:54:02,138 --> 00:54:03,440
UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM INJURY,

1450
00:54:03,506 --> 00:54:05,575
IT'S HARD TO BE INJURED WITH A

1451
00:54:05,642 --> 00:54:08,678
GUN IF NO ONE HAS A GUN AROUND

1452
00:54:08,745 --> 00:54:10,246
YOU. IT INCREASES THE EVIDENCE

1453
00:54:10,313 --> 00:54:11,748
IS STRONG INCREASE THE RISK THE

1454
00:54:11,815 --> 00:54:14,417
WOMAN IN THE HOUSE WILL GET

1455
00:54:14,484 --> 00:54:17,287
KILLED BUT THAT AGAIN, THE RISK

1456
00:54:17,354 --> 00:54:19,122
IS NOT LIKE MOST PEOPLE'S

1457
00:54:19,189 --> 00:54:20,824
HUSBANDS KILL THEIR WIVES THEY

1458
00:54:20,890 --> 00:54:22,559
DONE. VERY FEW DO BUT IF THE

1459
00:54:22,626 --> 00:54:24,194
PEOPLE WHO ARE LIKELY TO IF THEY

1460
00:54:24,260 --> 00:54:25,395
HAVE A GUN ARE MUCH MORE LIKELY

1461
00:54:25,462 --> 00:54:29,566
THAT THE WOMAN WILL DIE. IT IS

1462
00:54:29,633 --> 00:54:33,837
FINDING ALLIES TURNS OUT NOT

1463
00:54:33,903 --> 00:54:36,039
THAT HARD BECAUSE MOST PEOPLE

1464
00:54:36,106 --> 00:54:38,775
BELIEVE IN MOST OF THE THINGS

1465
00:54:38,842 --> 00:54:40,443
THAT I BELIEVE IN, NOT ONLY

1466
00:54:40,510 --> 00:54:43,580
ABOUT PUBLIC HEALTH BUT ALSO

1467
00:54:43,647 --> 00:54:47,817
THAT 90% OF THE U.S. POPULATION

1468
00:54:47,884 --> 00:54:49,753
KIDS, THAT BALLPARK WANT

1469
00:54:49,819 --> 00:54:51,755
UNIVERSAL BACKGROUND CHECKS. THE

1470
00:54:51,821 --> 00:54:54,124
GUN OWNERS WANT IT. EVERYBODY

1471
00:54:54,190 --> 00:54:56,426
WANTS IT.  WE JUST DON'T GET IT.

1472
00:54:56,493 --> 00:55:00,930
IF I HAD A LIST OF 30 KINDS OF

1473
00:55:00,997 --> 00:55:02,565
LAWS TO SEE AND I WOULD LIKE TO

1474
00:55:02,632 --> 00:55:06,970
SEE LOTS OF THINGS BESIDES THE

1475
00:55:07,037 --> 00:55:08,638
LAWS, THERE WOULD BE CONSENSUS

1476
00:55:08,705 --> 00:55:10,907
ABOUT WELL OVER HALF, GUN OWNERS

1477
00:55:10,974 --> 00:55:12,175
THEMSELVES NOT ONLY WITH

1478
00:55:12,242 --> 00:55:14,077
MAJORITY OF U.S. CITIZENS WANT

1479
00:55:14,144 --> 00:55:16,079
BUT GUN OWNSER WANT. WE JUST

1480
00:55:16,146 --> 00:55:18,381
DON'T GET THEM. WE DON'T HAVE A

1481
00:55:18,448 --> 00:55:20,817
SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS US TO GET ALL

1482
00:55:20,884 --> 00:55:24,154
THOSE THINGS THAT WOULD BE GOOD

1483
00:55:24,220 --> 00:55:28,992
FOR US SO HARD TO FIND ALLIES

1484
00:55:29,059 --> 00:55:30,927
AMONG LEADERS OF THE NRA BECAUSE

1485
00:55:30,994 --> 00:55:33,363
OF A DIFFERENT AGENDA BUT THE

1486
00:55:33,430 --> 00:55:35,065
AVERAGE PERSON IT'S EASY FOR

1487
00:55:35,131 --> 00:55:36,833
PEOPLE WHO WORK AT GUN RANGES

1488
00:55:36,900 --> 00:55:38,301
AND PEOPLE WHO OWN GUN SHOPS, IT

1489
00:55:38,368 --> 00:55:38,668
IS NOT HARD.

1490
00:55:38,735 --> 00:55:41,805
>> CAN I FOLLOW-UP WITH A

1491
00:55:41,871 --> 00:55:44,107
RELATED QUESTION? I'M PREACHING

1492
00:55:44,174 --> 00:55:47,343
TO THE CHOIR. WHY SO MUCH

1493
00:55:47,410 --> 00:55:48,878
RESISTANCE TO THESE SENSIBLE

1494
00:55:48,945 --> 00:55:49,913
RECOMMENDATIONS YOU MAKE? I

1495
00:55:49,979 --> 00:55:52,515
DIDN'T HEAR YOU SAY BAN GUNS.

1496
00:55:52,582 --> 00:55:54,017
YOUR MESSAGE IS RISK REDUCTION

1497
00:55:54,084 --> 00:55:57,887
AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS.

1498
00:55:57,954 --> 00:56:00,323
>> AT THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL THERE

1499
00:56:00,390 --> 00:56:01,991
IS NOT THAT MUCH RESISTANCE AT

1500
00:56:02,058 --> 00:56:03,226
ALL. EVERYBODY I TALK TO IS A

1501
00:56:03,293 --> 00:56:05,028
GUN OWNER SAYS THAT SOUNDS RIGHT

1502
00:56:05,095 --> 00:56:09,132
I THOUGHT YOU WANTED TO TAKE

1503
00:56:09,199 --> 00:56:09,833
EVERYBODY ISOGONS. IT IS NOW

1504
00:56:09,899 --> 00:56:11,101
AGAINST THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO

1505
00:56:11,167 --> 00:56:14,471
DO THAT. THAT IS EVERY'S GUNS.

1506
00:56:14,537 --> 00:56:17,907
THIS IS HARM REDUCTI REDUCTION.

1507
00:56:17,974 --> 00:56:20,143
POLITICAL ISSUE AND

1508
00:56:20,210 --> 00:56:21,411
UNFORTUNATELY EVEN THE PEOPLE

1509
00:56:21,478 --> 00:56:23,880
WHO WOULD LIKE TO SEE MOST OF

1510
00:56:23,947 --> 00:56:26,783
THE THINGS WE TALK ABOUT TOO

1511
00:56:26,850 --> 00:56:28,351
MANY OF THEM VOID FOR PEOPLE,

1512
00:56:28,418 --> 00:56:29,919
TAKE MONEY FROM THE NATIONAL

1513
00:56:29,986 --> 00:56:33,456
RIFLE ASSOCIATION, AND OTHER

1514
00:56:33,523 --> 00:56:36,760
GROUPS, THEY ARE -- THEY TRY TO

1515
00:56:36,826 --> 00:56:38,128
CONVINCE EVERYBODY THAT YOU DO

1516
00:56:38,194 --> 00:56:39,295
ONE GOOD THING AND THAT IS GOING

1517
00:56:39,362 --> 00:56:41,998
TO LEAD TO TERRIBLE THINGS IN

1518
00:56:42,065 --> 00:56:45,702
THE FUTURE. IT IS A POLITICAL

1519
00:56:45,769 --> 00:56:48,371
ISSUE, WE HAVE ONE PARTY IN THE

1520
00:56:48,438 --> 00:56:49,706
UNITED STATES WHO IS COALESCED.

1521
00:56:49,773 --> 00:56:51,808
THIS IS UNFORTUNATELY PART OF

1522
00:56:51,875 --> 00:56:53,176
THE CULTURE WARS.  ALL THESE

1523
00:56:53,243 --> 00:56:54,277
OTHER THINGS ABOUT PART OF THE

1524
00:56:54,344 --> 00:56:56,412
CULTURE WARS TOO. NOT JUST GUN

1525
00:56:56,479 --> 00:57:00,183
ISSUE. WE HAVE TO FIGURE HOW TO

1526
00:57:00,250 --> 00:57:01,551
SEPARATE THE -- SOME OF THE

1527
00:57:01,618 --> 00:57:06,656
SILLY THINGS IN CULTURE WARS.

1528
00:57:06,723 --> 00:57:09,359
>> SO I WAS -- I HAVE ALWAYS

1529
00:57:09,425 --> 00:57:12,095
LIKED THE PROPOSITIONS FOR

1530
00:57:12,162 --> 00:57:13,663
MAKING SAFER GUNS.  YOU TALKED

1531
00:57:13,730 --> 00:57:14,931
ABOUT SEVERAL EXAMPLES OF THAT

1532
00:57:14,998 --> 00:57:16,199
IN YOUR PRESENTATION. AND I

1533
00:57:16,266 --> 00:57:17,801
PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE START WITH

1534
00:57:17,867 --> 00:57:19,702
GREAT TALK. ENJOYED IT. BUT TO

1535
00:57:19,769 --> 00:57:24,407
GET TO THE QUESTION, YOU

1536
00:57:24,474 --> 00:57:25,441
COMPARED GUN SAFETY AND CAR

1537
00:57:25,508 --> 00:57:26,509
SAFETY, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT

1538
00:57:26,576 --> 00:57:28,178
STRUCK ME ABOUT THAT IS CARS

1539
00:57:28,244 --> 00:57:29,646
HAVE A RELATIVELY SHORT LIFE ON

1540
00:57:29,712 --> 00:57:33,383
THE ROAD SO IN FIVE YEARS TIME

1541
00:57:33,449 --> 00:57:37,253
PEOPLE WILL HAVE USUALLY SWAPPED

1542
00:57:37,320 --> 00:57:39,522
OUT CARS, THERE ARE CARS ON THE

1543
00:57:39,589 --> 00:57:40,824
ROAD LONGER CERTAINLY BUT

1544
00:57:40,890 --> 00:57:42,592
AVERAGE LIFE SPAN IS AROUND 5

1545
00:57:42,659 --> 00:57:42,859
YEARS.

1546
00:57:42,926 --> 00:57:43,893
>> IT IS LIKE 15 YEARS.

1547
00:57:43,960 --> 00:57:44,761
>> EITHER WAY.

1548
00:57:44,828 --> 00:57:47,764
>> YOU ARE TOO RICH.

1549
00:57:47,831 --> 00:57:50,600
>> I AM GIVING OUT MONEY FOR

1550
00:57:50,667 --> 00:57:53,937
ANYBODY WHO WANTS IT. EVEN SO, I

1551
00:57:54,003 --> 00:57:55,939
HAVE A SENSE THAT THE LIFE SPAN

1552
00:57:56,005 --> 00:57:57,207
OF A CAR IS SHORTER THAN THE

1553
00:57:57,273 --> 00:57:59,876
LIFE SPAN OF A GUN. HOW DO YOU

1554
00:57:59,943 --> 00:58:02,445
WHAT IS THE APPROACH FOR ONCE --

1555
00:58:02,512 --> 00:58:04,280
IF WE CAN GET THROUGH THE

1556
00:58:04,347 --> 00:58:06,616
GETTING TO A POINT WE MAKE SAFER

1557
00:58:06,683 --> 00:58:08,251
GUNS HOW DO YOU SWAP THOSE GUNS?

1558
00:58:08,318 --> 00:58:13,756
THE SAFER ONES OUT THERE.

1559
00:58:13,823 --> 00:58:15,325
>> WHEN YOU TALK DURABLE GOODS

1560
00:58:15,391 --> 00:58:21,130
THERE IS AN ISSUE IN THE INJURY

1561
00:58:21,197 --> 00:58:25,335
WORLD SO THAT SOFAS WERE LESS

1562
00:58:25,401 --> 00:58:27,203
FLAMMABLE, OVER TIME, TIME

1563
00:58:27,270 --> 00:58:29,205
PASSES, WHICH IS NICE, AND THE

1564
00:58:29,272 --> 00:58:31,040
STOCK CHANGES AND CHANGES,

1565
00:58:31,107 --> 00:58:32,475
SECONDLY, MOST, THERE IS A LOT

1566
00:58:32,542 --> 00:58:34,744
OF OLD GUNS OUT THERE, PEOPLE

1567
00:58:34,811 --> 00:58:36,212
DON'T USE OLD GUNS OFTEN.

1568
00:58:36,279 --> 00:58:39,215
PARTICULARLY IN CRIME, IF YOU

1569
00:58:39,282 --> 00:58:40,183
ARE SOMEONE GOING TO COMMIT A

1570
00:58:40,250 --> 00:58:41,117
CRIME YOU DON'T WANT ANT OLD

1571
00:58:41,184 --> 00:58:43,653
GUN. THE OLD GUN MAY NOT WORK AS

1572
00:58:43,720 --> 00:58:45,688
WELL BUT SECONDLY, THERE MAYBE

1573
00:58:45,755 --> 00:58:47,023
PROBLEMS. HOW DID YOU GET THE

1574
00:58:47,090 --> 00:58:49,559
OLD GUN, YOU GOT IT MAYBE

1575
00:58:49,626 --> 00:58:50,727
ILLEGALLY, PEOPLE TALK ABOUT

1576
00:58:50,793 --> 00:58:52,629
MAYBE A BODY ON IT. THIS GUN MAY

1577
00:58:52,695 --> 00:58:53,596
HAVE BEEN USED TO DO OTHER

1578
00:58:53,663 --> 00:58:54,831
THINGS WHICH NOW YOU CAN BE

1579
00:58:54,898 --> 00:58:58,468
CHARGED WITH. SO ALMOST ALWAYS

1580
00:58:58,534 --> 00:59:02,839
PEOPLE ARE USING PRETTY NEW

1581
00:59:02,906 --> 00:59:06,409
GUNS. SO IT IS LIKE FOR IN THE

1582
00:59:06,476 --> 00:59:08,778
CITIES WHERE THERE AREN'T MANY

1583
00:59:08,845 --> 00:59:10,847
GUNS, IT IS TYPICALLY A NEW

1584
00:59:10,914 --> 00:59:12,548
GENERATION COMES ALONG, HOW DO

1585
00:59:12,615 --> 00:59:16,920
THEY GET GUNS? NOT USE THEIR

1586
00:59:16,986 --> 00:59:18,288
FATHER'S GUNS THEY TRYING TO GET

1587
00:59:18,354 --> 00:59:20,390
THE NEW GUNS THE HOTTEST GUNS

1588
00:59:20,456 --> 00:59:21,858
WHATEVER. AND IF THE YOU MAKE IT

1589
00:59:21,925 --> 00:59:24,894
HARDER FOR THEM OR MAKE THEM --

1590
00:59:24,961 --> 00:59:28,298
IT IS VERY HYMNFUL. -- HELPFUL.

1591
00:59:28,364 --> 00:59:29,832
ONE OF THE THINGS IN POST

1592
00:59:29,899 --> 00:59:32,101
PSYCHOLOGY AND ECONOMICS WORLD,

1593
00:59:32,168 --> 00:59:33,236
I HAVE BEEN TRAINED IN IS YOU

1594
00:59:33,303 --> 00:59:35,038
WANT PEOPLE NOT TO DO THINGS AS

1595
00:59:35,104 --> 00:59:37,307
MUCH JUST MAKE IT HARDER, JUST

1596
00:59:37,373 --> 00:59:39,375
RAISE THE PRICE. THAT'S WHAT WE

1597
00:59:39,442 --> 00:59:43,212
LEARNED ABOUT SUGER SWEETENED

1598
00:59:43,279 --> 00:59:44,781
BEVERAGE IS TOXIC, RAISE THE

1599
00:59:44,847 --> 00:59:46,416
PRICE A LITTLE AND IT HAS

1600
00:59:46,482 --> 00:59:48,318
EFFECT. THAT IS WHAT IT IS

1601
00:59:48,384 --> 00:59:49,719
DOING, RAISING THE PRICE TO MAKE

1602
00:59:49,786 --> 00:59:50,954
IT HARDER TO GET THE WRONG KINDS

1603
00:59:51,020 --> 00:59:54,190
OF THINGS. THE LONGER WE ALLOW

1604
00:59:54,257 --> 00:59:55,825
AK 47s OUT THERE, MORE PEOPLE

1605
00:59:55,892 --> 01:00:00,163
BUY HEM THE HARDER TO GET RID OF

1606
01:00:00,229 --> 01:00:02,665
THEM. AUSTRALIA FOUGHT BACK --

1607
01:00:02,732 --> 01:00:07,270
BOUGHT BACK ALL THEIR ASSAULT

1608
01:00:07,337 --> 01:00:09,172
WEAPONS AND AT LEAST 18 YEARS

1609
01:00:09,238 --> 01:00:12,575
STOPPED HAVING MASS SHOOTINGS.

1610
01:00:12,642 --> 01:00:13,910
WHO KNOWS CAUSE AND EFFECT BUT

1611
01:00:13,977 --> 01:00:16,913
GEE, THEY HAD A LOT, 11 PREVIOUS

1612
01:00:16,980 --> 01:00:19,182
18 YEARS AND ZERO IN THE NEXT 18

1613
01:00:19,248 --> 01:00:21,517
YEARS SO LOOKS GOOD. BUT THERE'S

1614
01:00:21,584 --> 01:00:23,286
THEN YOU HAVE TO FIGURE OUT DO

1615
01:00:23,353 --> 01:00:24,654
YOU WANT -- PEOPLE SAY YOU WANT

1616
01:00:24,721 --> 01:00:26,289
TO GRANDFATHER THINGS OR NOT OR

1617
01:00:26,356 --> 01:00:30,593
YOU CAN BUY THINGS BACK OR JUST

1618
01:00:30,660 --> 01:00:32,862
LET TIME -- PUTTING IN AIR BAGS

1619
01:00:32,929 --> 01:00:35,898
IS THE SAME. CARS LAST 15 TO 17

1620
01:00:35,965 --> 01:00:38,468
YEARS, TAKE A LONG TIME, I CAN

1621
01:00:38,534 --> 01:00:40,436
TELL YOU AT MY AGE 17 YEARS DOES

1622
01:00:40,503 --> 01:00:43,873
NOT SEEM THAT LONG ANY MORE.

1623
01:00:43,940 --> 01:00:46,542
>> CONCLUDE WITH A EXCELLENT

1624
01:00:46,609 --> 01:00:48,778
FROM -- THIS IS THE NIH OFFICE

1625
01:00:48,845 --> 01:00:50,613
OF BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL

1626
01:00:50,680 --> 01:00:52,849
SCIENCES RESEARCH. SO THEY WRITE

1627
01:00:52,915 --> 01:00:53,750
SOMEONE WRITES THANK YOU FOR

1628
01:00:53,816 --> 01:00:55,585
YOUR TALK. I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE

1629
01:00:55,651 --> 01:00:57,353
SURE THE NIH AUDIENCE IS AWARE

1630
01:00:57,420 --> 01:00:59,122
THAT THERE ARE -- THERE HAS BEEN

1631
01:00:59,188 --> 01:01:00,890
AN ACTIVE AND GROWING PORTFOLIO

1632
01:01:00,957 --> 01:01:02,792
OF NIH SUPPORTED RESEARCH IN

1633
01:01:02,859 --> 01:01:05,962
FIREARM INJURY PREVENTION.

1634
01:01:06,029 --> 01:01:07,663
INCLUDING SUICIDE PREVENTION

1635
01:01:07,730 --> 01:01:09,699
ADDRESSING MANY ISSUES DISCUSSED

1636
01:01:09,766 --> 01:01:11,300
TODAY AND MUCH OF THE WORK IN

1637
01:01:11,367 --> 01:01:15,004
PARTNERSHIP WITH COMMUNITIES GUN

1638
01:01:15,071 --> 01:01:17,473
OWNERS, ET CETERA. THEY GIVE A

1639
01:01:17,540 --> 01:01:17,774
WEBSITE.

1640
01:01:17,840 --> 01:01:19,909
>> LET ME ASK YOU THIS. WHAT

1641
01:01:19,976 --> 01:01:21,411
PERCENT OF THE NIH BUDGET ARE WE

1642
01:01:21,477 --> 01:01:21,878
TALKING ABOUT?

1643
01:01:21,944 --> 01:01:26,449
>> LET ME JUST SEE.

1644
01:01:26,516 --> 01:01:28,418
OPERATOR:  EPSILON? THAT SOUND

1645
01:01:28,484 --> 01:01:29,252
LIKE THE RIGHT NUMBER?

1646
01:01:29,318 --> 01:01:33,589
>> HIGHER THAN ZERO.

1647
01:01:33,656 --> 01:01:36,793
>> THE FASTEST GROWING FROM

1648
01:01:36,859 --> 01:01:38,094
VIRTUALLY ZERO.

1649
01:01:38,161 --> 01:01:45,034
>> THERE YOU GO. CME CODE IS

1650
01:01:45,101 --> 01:01:45,435
50108.

1651
01:01:45,501 --> 01:01:47,804
>> I WANT TO THANK DR. HEMENWAY

1652
01:01:47,870 --> 01:01:49,038
FROM COMING BRAVING THE COLD

1653
01:01:49,105 --> 01:01:50,573
WEATHER AND THOSE IN THE

1654
01:01:50,640 --> 01:01:51,974
AUDIENCE ATTENDING THE LECTURE

1655
01:01:52,041 --> 01:01:54,777
AND THOSE ONLINE, ENJOY YOUR HOT

1656
01:01:54,844 --> 01:01:57,280
CHOCOLATE AND WE'LL EAT THE

1657
01:01:57,346 --> 01:02:00,016
COOKIES. UNTIL NEXT TIME. THANK

1658
01:02:00,083
YOU.