1 00:00:05,720 --> 00:00:07,240 WELCOME TO THE FIRST WALS 2 00:00:07,240 --> 00:00:10,520 LECTURE OF 2023. 3 00:00:10,520 --> 00:00:11,120 I'M A TENURE TRACK INVESTIGATOR 4 00:00:11,120 --> 00:00:11,680 IN THE NEUROREHABILITATION 5 00:00:11,680 --> 00:00:12,360 SECTION OF THE CLINICAL CENTER'S 6 00:00:12,360 --> 00:00:12,880 REHABILITATION MEDICINE 7 00:00:12,880 --> 00:00:18,840 DEPARTMENT. 8 00:00:18,840 --> 00:00:20,440 I'M THRILLED AND HONORED TO 9 00:00:20,440 --> 00:00:22,720 INTRODUCE OUR SPEAKER TODAY, DR. 10 00:00:22,720 --> 00:00:25,240 RORY COOPER, WHO HAS PIONEERED 11 00:00:25,240 --> 00:00:26,120 INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR 12 00:00:26,120 --> 00:00:30,480 WHEELCHAIRS AND OTHER ASSISTIVE 13 00:00:30,480 --> 00:00:31,280 ROBOTICS AND DEVICES. 14 00:00:31,280 --> 00:00:33,000 DR. COOPER IS AND THIS WILL TAKE 15 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:37,320 A FEW MINUTES TO SAY, THE 16 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:39,720 PARALYZED VETERANS OF AMERICA 17 00:00:39,720 --> 00:00:40,680 DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR AND PAST 18 00:00:40,680 --> 00:00:43,760 CHAIR IN DEPARTMENT OF 19 00:00:43,760 --> 00:00:45,960 REHABILITATION SCIENCE AND 20 00:00:45,960 --> 00:00:47,000 TECHNOLOGY, PROFESSOR OF 21 00:00:47,000 --> 00:00:48,120 BIOENGINEERING, PHYSICAL 22 00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:50,360 MEDICINE, REHABILITATION AND 23 00:00:50,360 --> 00:00:51,880 ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY AT THE 24 00:00:51,880 --> 00:00:53,920 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH. 25 00:00:53,920 --> 00:01:02,440 HE'S ALSO ASSISTANT VICE CHAIR 26 00:01:02,440 --> 00:01:08,480 FOR STEM AT PITTSBURGH INVITED 27 00:01:08,480 --> 00:01:12,720 PROFESSOR AT A UNIVERSITY IN 28 00:01:12,720 --> 00:01:13,720 CHINA. 29 00:01:13,720 --> 00:01:14,520 ADDITIONALLY, PERHAPS MOST 30 00:01:14,520 --> 00:01:16,040 PERTINENT, HE'S FOUNDER AND 31 00:01:16,040 --> 00:01:18,440 DIRECTOR OF HUMAN ENGINEERING 32 00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:19,840 RESEARCH LABORATORIES AT PITT 33 00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:21,040 WHERE HE AND TEAM CREATE TOOLS 34 00:01:21,040 --> 00:01:24,120 TO HELP PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES 35 00:01:24,120 --> 00:01:25,320 MAXIMIZE THEIR POTENTIAL. 36 00:01:25,320 --> 00:01:28,080 AS YOU CAN SEE, DR. COOPER USES 37 00:01:28,080 --> 00:01:29,240 A WHEELCHAIR TO MOVE ABOUT. 38 00:01:29,240 --> 00:01:32,240 WHILE SERVING IN THE U.S. ARMY, 39 00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:33,600 IN GERMANY IN 1980, AN ACCIDENT 40 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:36,080 LEFT HIM WITH A PARALYZING 41 00:01:36,080 --> 00:01:37,160 SPINAL CORD INJURY. 42 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,760 HE WAS ONLY 20 YEARS OLD AT THE 43 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:42,160 TIME, THIS ACCIDENT CLEARLY HAS 44 00:01:42,160 --> 00:01:44,800 SHAPED DR. COOPER'S LIFE IN WAYS 45 00:01:44,800 --> 00:01:46,560 THAT I CONSIDER POSITIVE BY 46 00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:48,520 VIRTUE OF HIS THEN PUTTING THIS 47 00:01:48,520 --> 00:01:50,560 EXPERIENCE AND HIS INTELLIGENCE 48 00:01:50,560 --> 00:01:52,440 AND CREATIVITY TO WORK IN 49 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:55,320 HELPING IMPROVE THE LIVES OF 50 00:01:55,320 --> 00:01:55,960 OTHERS. 51 00:01:55,960 --> 00:01:58,800 AFTER HIS MILITARY SERVICE, HE 52 00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:04,440 EARNED A BACHELOR'S AND 53 00:02:04,440 --> 00:02:05,920 MASTER'S, RECEIVED HIS Ph.D. 54 00:02:05,920 --> 00:02:07,880 IN ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER 55 00:02:07,880 --> 00:02:11,680 ENGINEERING WITH CONCENTRATION 56 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:12,160 IN BIOENGINEERING FROM 57 00:02:12,160 --> 00:02:12,800 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA 58 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:13,080 BARBARA. 59 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:15,960 WENT ON TO BE ASSISTANT 60 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:17,400 PROFESSOR AT SACRAMENTO STATE 61 00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:19,400 UNIVERSITY, BEFORE MOVING TO 62 00:02:19,400 --> 00:02:20,480 PITT AS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR 63 00:02:20,480 --> 00:02:24,080 WHERE HE FOUNDED THE HUMAN 64 00:02:24,080 --> 00:02:27,840 ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB AND 65 00:02:27,840 --> 00:02:29,360 ALSO V.A. CENTER. 66 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:32,920 HE HAS AUTHORED OR CO-AUTHORED 67 00:02:32,920 --> 00:02:34,480 ALMOST 400 PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL 68 00:02:34,480 --> 00:02:35,800 ARTICLES, TWO BOOKS, CO-AUTHOR 69 00:02:35,800 --> 00:02:38,080 OF THE AWARD-WINNING BOOK, CARE 70 00:02:38,080 --> 00:02:42,440 OF THE COMBAT AMPUTEE, 20 71 00:02:42,440 --> 00:02:44,520 PATENTS AWARDED OR PENDING. 72 00:02:44,520 --> 00:02:46,960 FOR A BRIEF SNAPSHOT OF HIS 73 00:02:46,960 --> 00:02:49,720 WORK, DO A YouTube SEARCH OF 74 00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:53,320 COOPER AND NEW CHAIR, THAT'S 75 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:58,200 PNEU SHORT FOR PNEUMATICS, 76 00:02:58,200 --> 00:03:00,960 POWERED BY COMPRESSED AIR WHICH 77 00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:02,040 BROADENS POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS 78 00:03:02,040 --> 00:03:03,720 FOR USE INCLUDING FOR EXAMPLE 79 00:03:03,720 --> 00:03:04,680 ALLOWING CHILDREN TO OPERATE 80 00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:06,800 THIS WHEELCHAIR AT A WATER PARK 81 00:03:06,800 --> 00:03:10,160 WITHOUT FEAR OF BEING 82 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:10,640 ELECTROCUTED. 83 00:03:10,640 --> 00:03:12,360 DR. COOPER HAS DONE SIMILAR 84 00:03:12,360 --> 00:03:13,640 REHAB WORK WITH INJURED VETERANS 85 00:03:13,640 --> 00:03:14,800 THROUGH COLLABORATIONS WITH OUR 86 00:03:14,800 --> 00:03:17,160 COLLEAGUES ACROSS THE STREET AT 87 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:18,480 WALTER REED NATIONAL MILITARY 88 00:03:18,480 --> 00:03:21,240 MEDICAL CENTER, MANY OF WHOM I'M 89 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:24,040 TOLD ARE WATCHING TODAY. 90 00:03:24,040 --> 00:03:25,360 DR. COOPER'S AN ACCOMPLISHED 91 00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:27,040 ATHLETE, PARTICIPANTS IN 92 00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:28,200 NATIONAL VETERANS WHEELCHAIR 93 00:03:28,200 --> 00:03:29,760 GAMES, WINNING MORE THAN 200 94 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:32,840 MEDALS IN SPORTS SUCH AS SLALOM, 95 00:03:32,840 --> 00:03:34,880 TRACK, SWIMMING, TABLE TENNIS, 96 00:03:34,880 --> 00:03:36,400 HAND CYCLE. 97 00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:38,520 AS WE NOTED IN OUR ADVERTISEMENT 98 00:03:38,520 --> 00:03:39,800 FOR THIS LECTURE, WE'RE PRETTY 99 00:03:39,800 --> 00:03:42,760 SURE DR. COOPER IS THE ONLY WALS 100 00:03:42,760 --> 00:03:44,520 SPEAKER TO BE FEATURED ON A BOX 101 00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:45,840 OF CHEERIOS FOR HIS 102 00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:46,440 ACCOMPLISHMENTS. 103 00:03:46,440 --> 00:03:48,440 WE'RE STILL CHECKING WITH DR. 104 00:03:48,440 --> 00:03:48,840 FAUCI'S OFFICE. 105 00:03:48,840 --> 00:03:50,320 YOU NEVER KNOW. 106 00:03:50,320 --> 00:03:54,360 BUT WE PRETTY CONFIDENT. 107 00:03:54,360 --> 00:03:59,160 OTHER HONORS INCLUDE SIGMA CHI 108 00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:01,800 MCGOVERN AWARD FOR ACHIEVEMENT 109 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:03,040 TRANSCENDING THE CAREER 110 00:04:03,040 --> 00:04:06,080 HAME NEXT SERVICE TO AMERICAN 111 00:04:06,080 --> 00:04:10,400 SERVICE MEDAL. 112 00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:13,560 ARMY DISTINGUISHED SERVICE, AND 113 00:04:13,560 --> 00:04:15,320 SECRETARY OF DEFENSE MEDAL, LAST 114 00:04:15,320 --> 00:04:17,840 WEEK NAMED TO NATIONAL INVENT 115 00:04:17,840 --> 00:04:20,240 HALL OF FAME CLASS OF 2023. 116 00:04:20,240 --> 00:04:21,560 I COULD CONTINUE BUT NOW I WANT 117 00:04:21,560 --> 00:04:22,960 TO SHARE THE PLEASURE WITH YOU 118 00:04:22,960 --> 00:04:24,280 AS MY COLLEAGUES HAVE HAD 119 00:04:24,280 --> 00:04:25,880 THROUGHOUT THE DAY OF HEARING 120 00:04:25,880 --> 00:04:27,760 FROM OUR SPEAKER. 121 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:30,640 THE TITLE IS FORGING A NEW 122 00:04:30,640 --> 00:04:32,920 FUTURE, INCLUSION OF PEOPLE WITH 123 00:04:32,920 --> 00:04:34,120 DISABILITIES IN TECHNOLOGY 124 00:04:34,120 --> 00:04:35,120 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 125 00:04:35,120 --> 00:04:37,400 PLEASE HELP ME IN WELCOMING DR. 126 00:04:37,400 --> 00:04:38,720 RORY COOPER. 127 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:40,640 [APPLAUSE] 128 00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:42,280 >>THANK YOU, THOMAS, FOR 129 00:04:42,280 --> 00:04:43,880 THE GREAT INTRODUCTION AND FOR 130 00:04:43,880 --> 00:04:48,480 LETTING ME BE BACK AT NIH AND 131 00:04:48,480 --> 00:04:50,440 LET ME SPEAK ON BEHALF OF MY 132 00:04:50,440 --> 00:04:54,720 COLLEAGUES AND MILLIONS OF WITH 133 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:56,200 DISABILITIES ACROSS AMERICA AND 134 00:04:56,200 --> 00:04:57,360 HOPEFULLY I'LL SHARE 135 00:04:57,360 --> 00:04:58,520 CONTRIBUTIONS WE MADE AND HAVE A 136 00:04:58,520 --> 00:05:00,000 LITTLE OPPORTUNITY TO TALK ABOUT 137 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:01,320 SOME OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS WE 138 00:05:01,320 --> 00:05:02,760 HOPE TO MAKE AND MAYBE SOME 139 00:05:02,760 --> 00:05:06,640 THINGS WE CAN DO TOGETHER. 140 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:11,880 THIS IS OUR 141 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:13,200 BROCHURE FROM WHEN WE TURNED 25, 142 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:16,360 WILL TURN 30 NEXT YEAR, I CAME 143 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:19,080 TO PITTSBURGH AS -- ACTUALLY 144 00:05:19,080 --> 00:05:21,320 NON-TENURE STREAM POSITION, FOR 145 00:05:21,320 --> 00:05:22,960 THREE YEARS, AND 29 YEARS LATER 146 00:05:22,960 --> 00:05:24,160 I'M STILL THERE. 147 00:05:24,160 --> 00:05:25,240 IT'S BEEN A WONDERFUL CAREER, 148 00:05:25,240 --> 00:05:28,560 BOTH WITH THE V.A. AND 149 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:32,960 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, AS 150 00:05:32,960 --> 00:05:35,080 WELL AS COLLABORATING IN 151 00:05:35,080 --> 00:05:35,360 BETHESDA. 152 00:05:35,360 --> 00:05:37,120 LET ME SHOW YOU A QUICK VIDEO. 153 00:05:37,120 --> 00:05:41,160 >>ONE IN SEVEN PEOPLE HAS A 154 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:44,720 DISABILITY THAT IMPAIRS THEIR 155 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:47,600 ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING AND 156 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:48,840 TECHNOLOGY HAS POTENTIAL FOR 157 00:05:48,840 --> 00:05:51,160 IMPROVING LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH 158 00:05:51,160 --> 00:05:51,480 DISABILITIES. 159 00:05:51,480 --> 00:05:52,680 >>I WAS A SERGEANT IN EUROPE 160 00:05:52,680 --> 00:05:53,880 WHEN I WAS INJURED, CAME HOME 161 00:05:53,880 --> 00:05:56,320 WITH A SPINAL CORD INJURY, HAD 162 00:05:56,320 --> 00:05:58,080 TO USE A WHEELCHAIR. 163 00:05:58,080 --> 00:06:02,280 IT WAS LIKE AN 80-POUND BEHEMOTH 164 00:06:02,280 --> 00:06:04,680 I COULD HARDLY GET IN THE CAR. 165 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:06,720 I REALIZED THERE WERE TREMENDOUS 166 00:06:06,720 --> 00:06:09,120 NEEDS FOR IMPROVING TECHNOLOGY, 167 00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:11,280 IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENT, 168 00:06:11,280 --> 00:06:12,320 IMPROVING PERCEPTIONS OF PEOPLE 169 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:13,560 WITH DISABILITIES. 170 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:16,160 I OPPORTUNITY AROSE TO WORK WITH 171 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:19,200 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AND 172 00:06:19,200 --> 00:06:20,520 V.A. PITTSBURGH HEALTH CARE 173 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:23,960 SYSTEM, IT WAS NATURAL THAT WE 174 00:06:23,960 --> 00:06:24,880 WOULD START HERL. 175 00:06:24,880 --> 00:06:27,120 >>THE MISSION IS TO IMPROVE 176 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:28,920 QUALITY OF LIFE THROUGH ADVANCED 177 00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:30,920 RESEARCH OR ENGINEERING, GET 178 00:06:30,920 --> 00:06:32,360 PEOPLE MORE INTEGRATED INTO THE 179 00:06:32,360 --> 00:06:33,960 COMMUNITY, TO MAKE THEM MORE 180 00:06:33,960 --> 00:06:35,600 ENDENT THROUGH SOME OF OUR 181 00:06:35,600 --> 00:06:37,680 PROGRAMS THAT WE HAVE HERE, 182 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:40,880 WHETHER EDUCATIONAL OR RESEARCH 183 00:06:40,880 --> 00:06:42,000 OR OUTREACH. 184 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:43,920 SOME OF THE THINGS YOU PROBABLY 185 00:06:43,920 --> 00:06:48,520 DIDN'T KNOW ABOUT ME I WANTED TO 186 00:06:48,520 --> 00:06:50,840 SHARE, THIS PICTURE HERE, 187 00:06:50,840 --> 00:06:53,880 PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE, MY FIRST 188 00:06:53,880 --> 00:06:54,120 MARATHON, MY HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER. 189 00:06:54,120 --> 00:06:56,480 ONE THING THAT I THINK IS REALLY 190 00:06:56,480 --> 00:07:00,720 IMPORTANT ABOUT THIS PICTURE, 191 00:07:00,720 --> 00:07:02,800 THIS IS MY PEER MENTOR, 192 00:07:02,800 --> 00:07:04,880 SOMETHING WE NEED TO USE MORE, 193 00:07:04,880 --> 00:07:08,600 TIM DAVIS, INJURED IN THE TET 194 00:07:08,600 --> 00:07:10,040 OFFENSIVE, A MARINE. 195 00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:13,280 THE OTHER THING, TIM AND I ARE 196 00:07:13,280 --> 00:07:14,840 STILL FRIENDS. 197 00:07:14,840 --> 00:07:18,640 THE V.A. WAS COLLABORATIVE IN 198 00:07:18,640 --> 00:07:20,000 MANAGING ME WITH TIM, MARRIED, 199 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:21,760 WITH KIDS, WORKED, GAVE ME A 200 00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:23,840 ROLE MODEL TO LEARN A LITTLE BIT 201 00:07:23,840 --> 00:07:24,720 FROM AS WELL. 202 00:07:24,720 --> 00:07:27,240 I LIKE THE TITLE OF THE ARTICLE. 203 00:07:27,240 --> 00:07:29,320 THAT WAS OUR FIRST MARATHON BOTH 204 00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:30,200 FOR TIM AND I. 205 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:31,760 THIS IS ABOUT THE HALFWAY POINT. 206 00:07:31,760 --> 00:07:37,320 I DO WANT TO POINT OUT I WON MY 207 00:07:37,320 --> 00:07:38,000 FIRST MARATHON. 208 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:41,920 TIM WAS MORE OF A BASKETBALL 209 00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:42,160 PLAYER. 210 00:07:42,160 --> 00:07:44,880 UNFORTUNATELY, IN 2019 I GOT TO 211 00:07:44,880 --> 00:07:46,400 EXPERIENCE REHAB ALL OVER AGAIN, 212 00:07:46,400 --> 00:07:48,360 NOT SOMETHING I WOULD RECOMMEND. 213 00:07:48,360 --> 00:07:50,560 I HAD A PRETTY SEVERE ACCIDENT 214 00:07:50,560 --> 00:07:52,680 IN THE MARINE CORPS MARATHON 215 00:07:52,680 --> 00:07:54,640 HERE IN WASHINGTON, D.C., WOUND 216 00:07:54,640 --> 00:07:57,880 UP IN A COMA FOR ABOUT FOUR 217 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:00,080 DAYS, GOT GREAT CARE BY SOME OF 218 00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:02,280 YOUR FRIENDS ACROSS THE STREET, 219 00:08:02,280 --> 00:08:04,120 AND THEN WENT BACK TO 220 00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:06,640 PITTSBURGH, BACK TO THE V.A. 221 00:08:06,640 --> 00:08:09,200 AND AFTER GOING THROUGH REHAB, 222 00:08:09,200 --> 00:08:12,440 LEARNING THAT PROCESS, WENT TO 223 00:08:12,440 --> 00:08:13,440 ACUTE REHAB, OUTPATIENT REHAB, 224 00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:17,160 BACK FULLY IN THE FIGHT BUT WAS 225 00:08:17,160 --> 00:08:18,720 ALSO SURPRISED HOW MUCH CHANGED, 226 00:08:18,720 --> 00:08:22,200 HOW MUCH HAD NOT CHANGED IN THAT 227 00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:22,800 TIME PERIOD. 228 00:08:22,800 --> 00:08:24,400 AND THEN JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE 229 00:08:24,400 --> 00:08:26,040 ABOUT ME THAT YOU MIGHT NOT 230 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:28,720 KNOW, THIS IS AN ARTICLE IN THE 231 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:30,720 ENGINEERING TIMES, AND CAME OUT 232 00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:33,240 IN THE 1990s AFTER I HAD DONE 233 00:08:33,240 --> 00:08:34,880 THIS RACE IN SEATTLE, AND I WENT 234 00:08:34,880 --> 00:08:37,920 TO A BURGER KING AFTERWARDS AND 235 00:08:37,920 --> 00:08:43,000 IF YOU SAW THE VIDEO, IN THE 236 00:08:43,000 --> 00:08:44,760 EARLY RACING CHAIRS THE WHEELS 237 00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:46,720 WERE UNDER YOUR ARMPITS, BLOODY, 238 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:50,600 DIRTY, ROAD DIRT. 239 00:08:50,600 --> 00:08:52,040 THIS GENTLEMAN, THIS REPORTER, 240 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:53,280 WAS THERE. 241 00:08:53,280 --> 00:08:56,400 AND HE THOUGHT I WAS A HOMELESS 242 00:08:56,400 --> 00:08:56,640 VETERAN. 243 00:08:56,640 --> 00:08:58,720 WE GOT TO TALKING IN LINE. 244 00:08:58,720 --> 00:09:01,920 I'M A PROFESSOR, I HAVE A 245 00:09:01,920 --> 00:09:04,000 Ph.D., I DO RESEARCH. 246 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:06,520 HE WROTE THIS ARTICLE THAT SAID 247 00:09:06,520 --> 00:09:09,680 FIRST IMPRESSIONS ARE NOT 248 00:09:09,680 --> 00:09:09,920 CORRECT. 249 00:09:09,920 --> 00:09:12,240 I WOUND UP BUYING HIM LUNCH, AND 250 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:13,120 WE HAD BREAKFAST TOGETHER. 251 00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:14,880 I DIDN'T KNOW HE WAS A REPORTER, 252 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:18,240 HE NEVER TOLD ME. 253 00:09:18,240 --> 00:09:23,720 THIS ARTICLE CAME OUT. 254 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:24,680 TWENTY YEARS LATER I'M DOING THE 255 00:09:24,680 --> 00:09:26,000 AIR FORCE MARATHON IN DAYTON, 256 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:28,800 OHIO, WITH A GROUP OF PARALYZED 257 00:09:28,800 --> 00:09:30,160 VETERANS, PEOPLE FROM THE 258 00:09:30,160 --> 00:09:31,200 WOUNDED WARRIOR PROJECT, I 259 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:32,320 CROSSED THE FINISH LINE. 260 00:09:32,320 --> 00:09:35,640 THIS GENTLEMAN RUNS UP TO ME AND 261 00:09:35,640 --> 00:09:38,640 SAYS, ARE YOU DR. COOPER? 262 00:09:38,640 --> 00:09:38,920 YES. 263 00:09:38,920 --> 00:09:42,480 HEY, MY SON JUST BEAT YOU IN THE 264 00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:42,720 MARATHON! 265 00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:43,840 OH, THAT'S NICE. 266 00:09:43,840 --> 00:09:44,640 THAT'S GREAT. 267 00:09:44,640 --> 00:09:46,480 OH, I'M SORRY, I DIDN'T MEAN IT 268 00:09:46,480 --> 00:09:47,120 LIKE THAT. 269 00:09:47,120 --> 00:09:50,320 STAY HERE, I WANT TO GET YOU 270 00:09:50,320 --> 00:09:51,360 SOMETHING. 271 00:09:51,360 --> 00:09:53,160 HE WAS AN ENGINEER, AND HE HAD 272 00:09:53,160 --> 00:09:54,760 SEEN THE ARTICLE WHEN IT CAME 273 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:55,160 OUT. 274 00:09:55,160 --> 00:09:58,600 HIS SON WAS BORN WITH SPINA 275 00:09:58,600 --> 00:09:59,200 BIFIDA. 276 00:09:59,200 --> 00:10:01,240 HE BOUGHT TWO COPIES OF THE 277 00:10:01,240 --> 00:10:02,040 NEWSPAPER, HAD THEM LAMINATED, 278 00:10:02,040 --> 00:10:04,440 HUNG ONE NEXT TO HIS SON'S BED 279 00:10:04,440 --> 00:10:07,400 AND TOOK ONE AND HUNG IT IN HIS 280 00:10:07,400 --> 00:10:07,920 CUBICLE. 281 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:12,000 HE TOLD ME THAT HIS SON HAD JUST 282 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:13,320 GRADUATED FROM MICHIGAN, 283 00:10:13,320 --> 00:10:14,640 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, 284 00:10:14,640 --> 00:10:16,680 MECHANICAL ENGINEER, AND THAT HE 285 00:10:16,680 --> 00:10:19,360 WAS AN ATHLETE, JUST BECAUSE OF 286 00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:23,520 ME, FOLLOWING MY HISTORY, MY 287 00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:24,240 LIFESTYLE. 288 00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:25,760 IT'S LIKE EINSTEIN SAYS, YOU'RE 289 00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:29,840 ALWAYS AN EXAMPLE EVEN IF A BAD 290 00:10:29,840 --> 00:10:30,280 EXAMPLE. 291 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:31,240 SO, IT WAS REMARKABLE. 292 00:10:31,240 --> 00:10:33,840 AS A GIFT HE GAVE ME A LAMINATED 293 00:10:33,840 --> 00:10:34,880 COPY OF THE ARTICLE. 294 00:10:34,880 --> 00:10:36,080 IT WAS PROBABLY THE BEST WAY FOR 295 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:38,920 ME TO FIND OUT ABOUT THE 296 00:10:38,920 --> 00:10:43,320 ARTICLE, RATHER THAN WHEN IT 297 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:44,040 FIRST CAME OUT. 298 00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:46,400 THIS IS A QUOTE FROM THE 299 00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:47,600 NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF 300 00:10:47,600 --> 00:10:49,560 DISABILITY, ONE OF THE ADVISORY 301 00:10:49,560 --> 00:10:51,320 COMMITTEES TO THE PRESIDENT. 302 00:10:51,320 --> 00:10:53,520 I LIKE IT BECAUSE ONE OF THE 303 00:10:53,520 --> 00:10:54,560 THINGS I'D LIKE TO ENCOURAGE YOU 304 00:10:54,560 --> 00:10:58,200 TO DO IS REALLY ENGAGE WITH 305 00:10:58,200 --> 00:11:02,000 PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES, OLDER 306 00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:02,680 ADULTS, RESEARCH AREAS, 307 00:11:02,680 --> 00:11:04,080 PROVIDING OPPORTUNITIES TO BE 308 00:11:04,080 --> 00:11:07,520 MEMBERS OF YOUR RESEARCH TEAM. 309 00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:10,800 HOPEFULLY YOU'LL SEE THROUGH MY 310 00:11:10,800 --> 00:11:14,080 SLIDES AND THE VIDEO, THIS 311 00:11:14,080 --> 00:11:18,480 PICTURE OF BRANDON AND JOHN 312 00:11:18,480 --> 00:11:20,800 DUVALL, JOHN IS A -- OOPS, 313 00:11:20,800 --> 00:11:21,320 SORRY. 314 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:23,760 JOHN IS A COLLEAGUE OF MINE NOW 315 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:25,720 IN HERL, PROFESSOR AT THE 316 00:11:25,720 --> 00:11:26,240 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, 317 00:11:26,240 --> 00:11:33,160 BRANDON IS ONE OF OUR POSTDOCS. 318 00:11:33,160 --> 00:11:36,840 THEY ARE BOTH ENGINEERS. 319 00:11:36,840 --> 00:11:40,600 BRANDON STUDIED ENGINEERING 320 00:11:40,600 --> 00:11:42,400 SCIENCE, BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER, 321 00:11:42,400 --> 00:11:44,200 JOHN IS BIOMECHANICAL, HELPS 322 00:11:44,200 --> 00:11:50,320 MAKE THE RESEARCH REAL AS WELL. 323 00:11:50,320 --> 00:11:52,200 WE NEED WAR OPPORTUNITIES, IT'S 324 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:57,400 LOSS KNOWLEDGE IF WE DON'T BE 325 00:11:57,400 --> 00:11:58,120 MORE INCLUSIVE. 326 00:11:58,120 --> 00:11:58,280 ♪ 327 00:11:58,280 --> 00:12:01,960 >>I LEFT FEELING WITH -- 328 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:03,120 >>OPPORTUNITIES FOR VETERANS, 329 00:12:03,120 --> 00:12:06,320 ONE OF OUR VETERAN STUDENTS. 330 00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:14,800 ♪ 331 00:12:14,800 --> 00:12:21,400 >>I GO TO THE UNIVERSITY OF 332 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:25,440 PITTSBURGH, A COMPUTER ENGINEER. 333 00:12:25,440 --> 00:12:27,400 >>I'M GOING TO GO BACK, YOU 334 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:28,920 DON'T NEED TO SEE THE WHOLE 335 00:12:28,920 --> 00:12:30,240 VIDEO ABOUT LAURA. 336 00:12:30,240 --> 00:12:31,320 ONE THING THAT'S IMPORTANT, 337 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:34,040 FINDING OUR VETERANS AND HELPING 338 00:12:34,040 --> 00:12:36,720 GET THEM INTO COLLEGE, WE HAVE 339 00:12:36,720 --> 00:12:38,400 THIS -- IF YOU HAVE STUDENTS 340 00:12:38,400 --> 00:12:39,840 YOU'RE AWARE OF THAT ARE 341 00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:41,880 INTERESTED WE HAVE SEVERAL 342 00:12:41,880 --> 00:12:42,960 SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAMS, 343 00:12:42,960 --> 00:12:44,040 ELEVATE IS FOR VETERAN 344 00:12:44,040 --> 00:12:47,360 COMMUNITY, WE HAVE A VALOR 345 00:12:47,360 --> 00:12:48,600 PROGRAM, WHICH HAS INTRODUCED 346 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:53,040 PEOPLE INTERESTED IN V.A. 347 00:12:53,040 --> 00:12:55,880 RESEARCH CAREERS, SO 10-WEEK 348 00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:57,240 PAID INTERNSHIPS, NSF-FUNDED 349 00:12:57,240 --> 00:12:59,000 RESEARCH EXPERIENCE FOR 350 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:01,680 UNDERGRADUATES THAT CAN SPEND 351 00:13:01,680 --> 00:13:02,920 TIME WITH US. 352 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:05,640 THERE'S A LOT MORE RESEARCH 353 00:13:05,640 --> 00:13:07,280 NEEDED, BUT THE POWER OF 354 00:13:07,280 --> 00:13:10,120 ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO MAKE 355 00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:12,200 LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH 356 00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:14,840 DISABILITIES BETTER IS 357 00:13:14,840 --> 00:13:16,240 ESTABLISHED NOW. 358 00:13:16,240 --> 00:13:18,440 I ACTUALLY, WHEN I TALK TO OUR 359 00:13:18,440 --> 00:13:19,200 RESIDENTS, TELL THEM, IT'S ONE 360 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:21,960 OF THE FEW THINGS A RESIDENT CAN 361 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:24,160 PRESCRIBE IS PRETTY MUCH 362 00:13:24,160 --> 00:13:28,080 GUARANTEED TO HAVE A POSITIVE 363 00:13:28,080 --> 00:13:30,520 OUTCOME FOR THEIR PATIENTS. 364 00:13:30,520 --> 00:13:32,880 AND SO LET ME MOVE ON. 365 00:13:32,880 --> 00:13:34,680 SO ONE OF THE THINGS I STARTED 366 00:13:34,680 --> 00:13:36,600 WORKING ON PROBABLY IN THE LAST 367 00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:39,280 TEN YEARS, IT'S A LITTLE BIT 368 00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:41,440 OUTSIDE MY NORMAL DOMAIN, IS 369 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:43,160 TRYING TO UNDERSTAND WHY THERE 370 00:13:43,160 --> 00:13:46,160 ARE NOT AS MANY SCIENTISTS AND 371 00:13:46,160 --> 00:13:48,160 ENGINEERS WITH DISABILITIES IN 372 00:13:48,160 --> 00:13:48,960 OUR FIELD. 373 00:13:48,960 --> 00:13:51,200 AND PART OF THAT LARGELY HAS TO 374 00:13:51,200 --> 00:13:52,360 DO WITH THREE FACTORS. 375 00:13:52,360 --> 00:13:57,760 IT HAS TO DO WITH ACCESSIBILITY 376 00:13:57,760 --> 00:14:01,240 OF LABORATORIES, FIELD EXERCISES 377 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:02,800 AND COMPUTING RESOURCES. 378 00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:04,680 SO A CIVILITY PROBLEM. 379 00:14:04,680 --> 00:14:06,640 THE OTHER PROBLEM IS THE 380 00:14:06,640 --> 00:14:07,080 KNOWLEDGE GAP. 381 00:14:07,080 --> 00:14:10,000 A LOT OF TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS 382 00:14:10,000 --> 00:14:12,720 DON'T KNOW HOW TO MAKE THEIR 383 00:14:12,720 --> 00:14:14,600 PROGRAMS INCLUSIVE FOR 384 00:14:14,600 --> 00:14:15,920 INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES. 385 00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:17,560 THE THIRD PROBLEM HAS TO DO WITH 386 00:14:17,560 --> 00:14:21,600 THE WAY THAT WE DO SCIENCE 387 00:14:21,600 --> 00:14:23,560 EDUCATION. 388 00:14:23,560 --> 00:14:26,160 IN MANY HIGH SCHOOLS, MANY 389 00:14:26,160 --> 00:14:27,400 STATES, SCIENCE EDUCATION IS NOT 390 00:14:27,400 --> 00:14:28,600 REQUIRED AFTER MIDDLE SCHOOL. 391 00:14:28,600 --> 00:14:31,840 A LOT OF KIDS WITH DISABILITIES 392 00:14:31,840 --> 00:14:32,920 ARE REDIRECTED INTO OTHER AREAS, 393 00:14:32,920 --> 00:14:34,320 AND THEY DON'T HAVE THE 394 00:14:34,320 --> 00:14:35,840 OPPORTUNITY THEN TO BECOME 395 00:14:35,840 --> 00:14:37,400 SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS. 396 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:43,440 I THINK THAT LEADS TO A LACK OF 397 00:14:43,440 --> 00:14:44,640 SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS THAT 398 00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:45,600 CAN CONTRIBUTE TO AMERICAN 399 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:46,160 SOCIETY. 400 00:14:46,160 --> 00:14:48,440 SO, WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON THAT 401 00:14:48,440 --> 00:14:50,840 IN BOTH THE MEDICAL SPACE AND 402 00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:51,640 THE ENGINEERING SPACE. 403 00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:55,560 THE NICE THING IS THE NATIONAL 404 00:14:55,560 --> 00:14:56,560 SCIENCE FOUNDATION STARTED TO 405 00:14:56,560 --> 00:14:58,840 PICK UP ON THIS AND IS AWARDING 406 00:14:58,840 --> 00:14:59,080 GRANTS. 407 00:14:59,080 --> 00:15:02,360 THEY HAVE A PROBLEM CALLED 408 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:04,200 INCLUDES FOR UNDERREPRESENTED -- 409 00:15:04,200 --> 00:15:04,840 TRAINING UNDERREPRESENTED 410 00:15:04,840 --> 00:15:07,280 SCIENTISTS, THAT INCLUDES PEOPLE 411 00:15:07,280 --> 00:15:08,680 WITH DISABILITIES AND THE 412 00:15:08,680 --> 00:15:09,880 VETERANS COMMUNITY. 413 00:15:09,880 --> 00:15:12,720 I'M GOING TO TALK NOW MORE ABOUT 414 00:15:12,720 --> 00:15:15,080 OUR ACTUAL RESEARCH. 415 00:15:15,080 --> 00:15:22,160 WE USE THIS PADE PROCESS, WHILE 416 00:15:22,160 --> 00:15:23,920 WE LOOK AT USER INGAUGE. 417 00:15:23,920 --> 00:15:28,000 THROUGH THE PROCESS, BEGINNING 418 00:15:28,000 --> 00:15:29,720 WITH USER IDENTIFICATION, STORY 419 00:15:29,720 --> 00:15:32,920 BOARDING, MOVIES ARE MADE, 420 00:15:32,920 --> 00:15:34,240 GRAPHIC NOVELS, MOCKUP SYSTEMS. 421 00:15:34,240 --> 00:15:36,200 THIS IS -- THESE ARE ALSO A 422 00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:38,160 COUPLE FORMER STUDENTS WITH 423 00:15:38,160 --> 00:15:40,360 DISABILITIES, JOE WILSON AND IAN 424 00:15:40,360 --> 00:15:40,800 RICE. 425 00:15:40,800 --> 00:15:42,240 WE DO LARGE SCALE SURVEYS AND 426 00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:45,360 THEN WE TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 427 00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:45,640 THAT. 428 00:15:45,640 --> 00:15:47,800 SO, WE ACTUALLY ARE IN THE 429 00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:49,320 PROCESS OF COMPLETING ANOTHER 430 00:15:49,320 --> 00:15:51,160 SURVEY OF OVER A THOUSAND 431 00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:51,760 INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES 432 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:53,280 FROM ACROSS THE UNITED STATES 433 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:54,680 LOOKING AT RESEARCH PRIORITIES 434 00:15:54,680 --> 00:15:56,600 TO SET OUR PRIORITIES. 435 00:15:56,600 --> 00:16:00,920 THIS IS A SURVEY WE DID THREE 436 00:16:00,920 --> 00:16:03,400 YEARS AGO, THE RESULTS VERY 437 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:03,760 INTERESTING. 438 00:16:03,760 --> 00:16:06,840 FIVE PRIORITIES PEOPLE CAME UP 439 00:16:06,840 --> 00:16:07,040 WITH. 440 00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:09,160 AND IT REALLY SHOWS A COUPLE 441 00:16:09,160 --> 00:16:09,400 THINGS. 442 00:16:09,400 --> 00:16:11,840 PEOPLE ARE -- END USERS ARE 443 00:16:11,840 --> 00:16:13,840 PRETTY ASTUTE AND CLEVER AT WHAT 444 00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:15,360 THEIR NEEDS ARE. 445 00:16:15,360 --> 00:16:18,560 AND WHAT RESEARCH PRIORITIES 446 00:16:18,560 --> 00:16:19,400 COULD BE. 447 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:21,200 WE'RE LOOKING AT THIS -- IF YOU 448 00:16:21,200 --> 00:16:25,320 LOOK AT THE CENTER, ONE REALLY 449 00:16:25,320 --> 00:16:26,200 OVERARCHING TEAM WAS 450 00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:27,920 PARTICIPATORY DESIGN AND 451 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:32,320 RESEARCH, THAT INCLUDED 452 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:33,520 UNIVERSAL DESIGN, IMPROVING 453 00:16:33,520 --> 00:16:35,520 POLICY AND PRACTICE, REDUCING 454 00:16:35,520 --> 00:16:39,640 COST, COST EFFECTIVENESS. 455 00:16:39,640 --> 00:16:40,920 IMPROVING EDUCATION, DEVELOPING 456 00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:48,240 STANDARDS AND IMPROVING 457 00:16:48,240 --> 00:16:49,240 RELIABILITY, AND KNOWLEDGE 458 00:16:49,240 --> 00:16:51,120 TRANSLATION WITH FOUR TECHNICAL 459 00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:52,760 DOMAINS THAT WERE IDENTIFIED, 460 00:16:52,760 --> 00:16:53,880 SUBCATEGORIES WITHIN THOSE 461 00:16:53,880 --> 00:16:54,200 DOMAINS. 462 00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:55,640 THAT GUIDES OUR RESEARCH. 463 00:16:55,640 --> 00:17:00,120 THAT'S WHERE WE ARE PUTTING OUR 464 00:17:00,120 --> 00:17:01,520 EMPHASIS AND OUR RESOURCES. 465 00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:04,120 IT'S ALSO INTERESTING WE DID 466 00:17:04,120 --> 00:17:06,000 THIS STUDY, WE FOUND PEOPLE THAT 467 00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:09,360 IDENTIFIED THE NEED TO DEVELOP 468 00:17:09,360 --> 00:17:10,240 TECHNOLOGIES THAT ACTUALLY EXIST 469 00:17:10,240 --> 00:17:13,760 AND BY AND LARGE ARE READY 470 00:17:13,760 --> 00:17:14,000 AVAILABLE. 471 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:15,960 THAT IDENTIFIED THERE WAS A 472 00:17:15,960 --> 00:17:17,480 KNOWLEDGE GAP. 473 00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:19,480 THAT HOW DO WE DISSEMINATE OUR 474 00:17:19,480 --> 00:17:21,760 RESEARCH AND OF COURSE YOU KNOW 475 00:17:21,760 --> 00:17:24,880 HERE AT NIH AND THOSE LISTENING, 476 00:17:24,880 --> 00:17:26,600 GET FUNDING BY VARIOUS FEDERAL 477 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:28,320 AGENCIES OR WORK IN THEM, WE 478 00:17:28,320 --> 00:17:30,680 TEND TO FOCUS ON PEER-REVIEWED 479 00:17:30,680 --> 00:17:32,080 PUBLICATIONS WHICH IS NECESSARY 480 00:17:32,080 --> 00:17:34,040 BUT THAT ACTUALLY MEANS 481 00:17:34,040 --> 00:17:35,760 COMMUNICATING TO OUR PEERS, IT 482 00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:37,320 DOESN'T NECESSARILY MEAN THAT 483 00:17:37,320 --> 00:17:38,840 WE'RE COMMUNICATING TO THE END 484 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:41,280 USERS WHICH COULD BE CLINICIANS 485 00:17:41,280 --> 00:17:44,320 OR THE PEOPLE USING THE 486 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:46,520 TECHNOLOGY OR THE THERAPEUTICS 487 00:17:46,520 --> 00:17:49,240 OR THE THERAPIES THAT WE 488 00:17:49,240 --> 00:17:49,600 DEVELOP. 489 00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:54,040 SO WE STUDY THAT AS WELL, IN 490 00:17:54,040 --> 00:17:58,480 THIS STUDY OF OVER 500 PEOPLE, 491 00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:00,880 WE DID DO K CLUSTER ANALYSIS AND 492 00:18:00,880 --> 00:18:02,640 FOUND IT FILL IN THREE GROUPS. 493 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:05,000 I THINK THE MOST INTERESTING 494 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:08,200 THING ABOUT THIS IS PEOPLE DO 495 00:18:08,200 --> 00:18:09,920 RELY HEAVILY ON CLINICIANS AS A 496 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:11,320 KNOWLEDGE SOURCE, WHERE THEY 497 00:18:11,320 --> 00:18:13,560 SHOULD GET NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND 498 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:15,320 WHERE SHOULD GET NEW TREATMENTS. 499 00:18:15,320 --> 00:18:17,160 BUT THE OTHER THING THAT'S 500 00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:18,600 INTERESTING IS THAT ACTUALLY 501 00:18:18,600 --> 00:18:21,000 MORE OLDER PEOPLE ARE RELYING ON 502 00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:24,000 THE INTERNET AND USING THE 503 00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:26,400 SEARCH ENGINES FOR FINDING 504 00:18:26,400 --> 00:18:27,560 SOURCES OF INFORMATION. 505 00:18:27,560 --> 00:18:31,840 SO, WE RECENTLY JUST COMPLETED A 506 00:18:31,840 --> 00:18:33,160 META-ANALYSIS, AND THE 507 00:18:33,160 --> 00:18:37,200 META-ANALYSIS ACTUALLY FOUND OUT 508 00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:39,920 THAT THE -- BROKE DOWN DOMAINS 509 00:18:39,920 --> 00:18:42,880 INTERESTED IN, LIVING IN THE 510 00:18:42,880 --> 00:18:44,520 COMMUNITY, IMPROVING LEISURE AND 511 00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:49,800 TRAVEL, HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, 512 00:18:49,800 --> 00:18:52,000 AND EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT. 513 00:18:52,000 --> 00:18:54,720 FROM THE META-ANALYSIS CONSUMERS 514 00:18:54,720 --> 00:18:55,800 IDENTIFIED THESE TECHNICAL 515 00:18:55,800 --> 00:18:57,800 DOMAINS, AREAS WHERE THEY WANTED 516 00:18:57,800 --> 00:18:58,840 TO IMPROVE TECHNOLOGY. 517 00:18:58,840 --> 00:19:02,680 YOU CAN SEE THAT'S 518 00:19:02,680 --> 00:19:03,720 TRANSPORTATION AND AUTOMOBILE 519 00:19:03,720 --> 00:19:05,320 DRIVING, IF YOU CAN'T DRIVE YOU 520 00:19:05,320 --> 00:19:07,280 HAVE A DIFFICULT OR DON'T HAVE 521 00:19:07,280 --> 00:19:08,160 GOOD ACCESS TO PUBLIC 522 00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:10,360 TRANSPORTATION THEN YOU HAVE 523 00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:11,680 ACCESS TO -- PROBLEMS WITH 524 00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:13,320 ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, 525 00:19:13,320 --> 00:19:16,080 EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION, ACCESS TO 526 00:19:16,080 --> 00:19:20,000 VOTING, TO WORK, WORSHIP. 527 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:21,360 AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES AND 528 00:19:21,360 --> 00:19:23,280 WHEELCHAIRS, POWER SOURCES, 529 00:19:23,280 --> 00:19:25,800 RECREATION AND LEISURE, AND THEN 530 00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:27,440 PATIENT TRANSFER DEVICES, OR 531 00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:28,360 PERSONAL TRANSFER DEVICES 532 00:19:28,360 --> 00:19:30,520 GETTING FROM ONE SURFACE TO 533 00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:33,560 ANOTHER, AND SMART HOME 534 00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:35,080 TECHNOLOGY WHICH INCLUDES 535 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:41,080 TELEHEALTH, AND THEN MOBILE 536 00:19:41,080 --> 00:19:42,320 APPLICATIONS AND 537 00:19:42,320 --> 00:19:42,760 TELECOMMUNICATIONS. 538 00:19:42,760 --> 00:19:45,280 IT RELATES TO THE RURAL HEALTH 539 00:19:45,280 --> 00:19:47,560 PROBLEM AS WELL, GETTING ACCESS 540 00:19:47,560 --> 00:19:48,760 AND REHABILITATION IN RURAL 541 00:19:48,760 --> 00:19:49,080 COMMUNITIES. 542 00:19:49,080 --> 00:19:53,800 SO LET ME GO INTO SOME OF OUR 543 00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:54,200 RESEARCH DOMAINS. 544 00:19:54,200 --> 00:19:56,960 WE ARE FORTUNATE THAT WE HAVE A 545 00:19:56,960 --> 00:20:03,000 TEST LABORATORY WHERE WE CAN 546 00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:03,960 DESTROY WHEELCHAIRS AND 547 00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:04,600 TECHNOLOGY, WORKING ON STANDARDS 548 00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:05,840 DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES 549 00:20:05,840 --> 00:20:14,720 AND GLOBABLY. -- GLOBALLY, TO 550 00:20:14,720 --> 00:20:15,920 IMPROVE OVERALL QUALITY, WORKING 551 00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:17,600 CLOSELY WITH THE FDA, IT RESULTS 552 00:20:17,600 --> 00:20:18,440 IN INTERESTING PRODUCTS. 553 00:20:18,440 --> 00:20:22,440 LET ME SHOW ONE THING THAT 554 00:20:22,440 --> 00:20:23,520 BOTHERS ME. 555 00:20:23,520 --> 00:20:26,760 THIS IS WHAT'S CALLED A CURB 556 00:20:26,760 --> 00:20:31,920 DROP TEST, A MULTI-DROP TEST, 557 00:20:31,920 --> 00:20:35,760 THE TWO FATIGUE TESTS USED IN 558 00:20:35,760 --> 00:20:37,600 WHEELCHAIR TESTING. 559 00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:42,080 THIS REPRESENTS THE EQUIVALENT 560 00:20:42,080 --> 00:20:45,400 CYCLE, THAT A CHAIR MUST PASS TO 561 00:20:45,400 --> 00:20:50,480 MEET FDA STANDARDS. 562 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:54,000 SO, IF YOU UNDERSTAND 563 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:54,520 KAPLAN-MEIER CURVES, THESE 564 00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:55,960 SHOULD BE STRAIGHT LINES UNTIL 565 00:20:55,960 --> 00:20:58,800 THEY GET PAST THAT LINE, AND 566 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:00,040 START TO DECAY. 567 00:21:00,040 --> 00:21:01,520 WHAT CONCERNS ME IS THAT THESE 568 00:21:01,520 --> 00:21:03,520 CHAIRS ARE ON THE MARKET. 569 00:21:03,520 --> 00:21:05,720 THESE ARE ALREADY FDA APPROVED 570 00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:06,920 AND MARKETED DEVICES. 571 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:08,640 BUT ACCORDING TO OUR OWN 572 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:10,000 STANDARDS THESE ARE OUR OWN 573 00:21:10,000 --> 00:21:13,480 STANDARDS USED BY THE FDA, NOT 574 00:21:13,480 --> 00:21:15,040 MY OWN STANDARDS, THEY DON'T, 575 00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:17,840 AND AS A MATTER OF FACT IT'S 576 00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:20,760 ONLY REALLY THIS ONE ULTRALIGHT 577 00:21:20,760 --> 00:21:23,520 ALUMINUM FRAME DESIGNS THAT BY 578 00:21:23,520 --> 00:21:26,160 AND LARGE COMPLY AND THE OTHER 579 00:21:26,160 --> 00:21:31,520 ONES BY AND LARGE ACTUALLY FAIL. 580 00:21:31,520 --> 00:21:33,640 WHAT'S ALSO CONCERNING ME AS AN 581 00:21:33,640 --> 00:21:36,360 ENGINEER, THEY FAIL FOR RATHER 582 00:21:36,360 --> 00:21:40,200 BENIGN REASONS, MUNDANE REASONS, 583 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:45,120 LIKE HEAT EFFECTIVE IN HIGH 584 00:21:45,120 --> 00:21:47,720 STRESS AREA, THE WELD, OR HOLES 585 00:21:47,720 --> 00:21:53,280 DRILLED IN HIGH STRESS AREAS, OR 586 00:21:53,280 --> 00:21:54,840 MATERIALS NOT BEING ANEALED, 587 00:21:54,840 --> 00:21:56,680 THINGS WE LEARN IN SOPHOMORE, 588 00:21:56,680 --> 00:22:02,320 JUNIOR LEVEL OF ENGINEER WE N 589 00:22:02,320 --> 00:22:04,160 EED TO WORK ON. 590 00:22:04,160 --> 00:22:08,960 THIS IS THE OBLIQUE ANGLE 591 00:22:08,960 --> 00:22:11,040 SUSPENSION CASTOR FORK THAT ADDS 592 00:22:11,040 --> 00:22:12,360 SUSPENSION ELEMENTS. 593 00:22:12,360 --> 00:22:19,680 MOST VIBRATION COMES THROUGH THE 594 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:22,440 CASTERS BECAUSE YOU SPEND TIME 595 00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:24,200 GOING FORWARD, YOU CAN REDUCE 596 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:26,920 SHOCK AND VIBRATION EXPOSED TO 597 00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:30,320 USER, INCREASE LIFE OF THE 598 00:22:30,320 --> 00:22:32,840 WHEELCHAIR. 599 00:22:32,840 --> 00:22:35,800 YEARS AGO, WHEN I WAS FIRST 600 00:22:35,800 --> 00:22:37,760 GETTING INTO THIS, WELL, WHEN I 601 00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:39,760 FIRST WORKED ON THIS AS A 602 00:22:39,760 --> 00:22:45,120 GRADUATE STUDENT, THIS IS THE 603 00:22:45,120 --> 00:22:47,400 SMART WHEEL HERE, MEASURES 604 00:22:47,400 --> 00:22:50,240 FORCES ON THE WHEELCHAIR. 605 00:22:50,240 --> 00:22:54,720 I DIDN'T HAVE ALTRUISTIC 606 00:22:54,720 --> 00:22:59,360 MOTIVATIONS, I WANTED TO WIN A 607 00:22:59,360 --> 00:23:01,440 MEDAL IN THE PARALYMPICS. 608 00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:04,680 WE DEVELOPED THE FIRST VERSION 609 00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:14,480 OF THE SMART WHEELS FOR THE 610 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:17,600 RACING, AND THE 2021 PARAOLYMPIC 611 00:23:17,600 --> 00:23:20,400 TEAM, THOSE ARE TATIANA 612 00:23:20,400 --> 00:23:22,200 MCFADDEN'S HAND PRINTS ON THE 613 00:23:22,200 --> 00:23:23,400 WHEEL, GLOVE PRINTS, WE USED THE 614 00:23:23,400 --> 00:23:26,800 TEAM IN ILLINOIS TO TRAIN THEM, 615 00:23:26,800 --> 00:23:31,680 OPTIMIZE PROPULSION PATTERNS, IT 616 00:23:31,680 --> 00:23:35,120 HAD THE IMPACT ON DAILY USE. 617 00:23:35,120 --> 00:23:40,440 THIS IS THE -- LET ME JUST SEE. 618 00:23:40,440 --> 00:23:43,200 SO, THIS IS AN ULTRASOUND IMAGE 619 00:23:43,200 --> 00:23:45,480 OF THE MEDIAN NERVE LOOKING 620 00:23:45,480 --> 00:23:48,000 AXIAL DOWN THE NERVE, SOMEWHAT 621 00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:48,960 FLATTENED. 622 00:23:48,960 --> 00:23:51,840 WE HAD PEOPLE PROPEL THE 623 00:23:51,840 --> 00:23:53,520 WHEELCHAIRS IN A FATIGUE TYPE 624 00:23:53,520 --> 00:23:56,440 COURSE, ABOUT 15 MINUTES OF 625 00:23:56,440 --> 00:24:02,040 FAIRLY STRENUOUS WHEELCHAIR 626 00:24:02,040 --> 00:24:05,440 PROPULSION AND LOOKED AT THE 627 00:24:05,440 --> 00:24:07,880 MEDIAN NERVE, MIKE BONINGER DID 628 00:24:07,880 --> 00:24:09,160 THE WORK WITH US, LOOKING AT 629 00:24:09,160 --> 00:24:10,280 ROTATOR CUFF INJURIES. 630 00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:18,560 BACK IN THE 1990s AND EARLY 631 00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:20,760 2000s, 80% OF USERS DEVELOPED 632 00:24:20,760 --> 00:24:23,400 CARPAL TUNNEL WITHIN FIVE YEARS. 633 00:24:23,400 --> 00:24:25,480 MANY REPORTED THAT IT WAS AS 634 00:24:25,480 --> 00:24:30,840 DEVASTATING ON THEIR LIFE AS THE 635 00:24:30,840 --> 00:24:31,200 ORIGINAL INJURY. 636 00:24:31,200 --> 00:24:35,360 SO, AS A RESULT OF THAT WE DID 637 00:24:35,360 --> 00:24:37,200 THIS SMARTWHEEL HELPED US SEE 638 00:24:37,200 --> 00:24:39,880 THAT HAPPENING AND RELATE TO 639 00:24:39,880 --> 00:24:42,040 WHEELCHAIR PROPULSION AND SETUP. 640 00:24:42,040 --> 00:24:44,560 WE FOUND BODY WEIGHT WAS AN 641 00:24:44,560 --> 00:24:45,760 IMPORTANT PREDICTOR, TO EDUCATE 642 00:24:45,760 --> 00:24:46,960 PEOPLE ABOUT MAINTAINING A 643 00:24:46,960 --> 00:24:48,520 HEALTHY BODY WEIGHT, BECAUSE IT 644 00:24:48,520 --> 00:24:51,240 ALSO HARMS YOU NOT ONLY IN 645 00:24:51,240 --> 00:24:52,440 PROPULSION BUT TRANSFERS, THE 646 00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:54,960 OTHER ISSUE WAS ABOUT MOVING 647 00:24:54,960 --> 00:24:56,720 AXLES FORWARD TO TAKE MORE 648 00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:59,040 WEIGHT OFF THE FRONT CASTERS SO 649 00:24:59,040 --> 00:25:02,320 YOU DRIVE MORE ON THE LOWER 650 00:25:02,320 --> 00:25:07,040 FRICTION REAL WHEELS AND REDUCE 651 00:25:07,040 --> 00:25:08,600 THE FORCE, FORCE TIMES DISTANCE, 652 00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:10,440 INCREASE THE ANGLE OR DISTANCE, 653 00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:11,600 LOWER THE FORCE, PUTS LESS 654 00:25:11,600 --> 00:25:16,280 STRAIN ON THE UPPER EXTREMITIES. 655 00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:21,880 AND THEN LASTLY, WE PATENTED AND 656 00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:27,040 DEVELOPED TWO TECHNOLOGIES, 657 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:27,920 ERGONOMIC PUSH BROOMS. 658 00:25:27,920 --> 00:25:29,560 I USE THEM MYSELF TODAY. 659 00:25:29,560 --> 00:25:39,400 THEY TOOK A PROPULSION FROM 660 00:25:39,400 --> 00:25:40,800 PINCH GRIP, REDUCING STRAIN ON 661 00:25:40,800 --> 00:25:42,120 THE JOINTS, REDUCING AMOUNT OF 662 00:25:42,120 --> 00:25:46,640 GRIPPING FORCE THAT HAD TO BE 663 00:25:46,640 --> 00:25:47,680 APPLIED. 664 00:25:47,680 --> 00:25:50,000 ALSO LOST ENERGY BASICALLY. 665 00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:51,080 WHAT'S REALLY COOL, THEY ARE ON 666 00:25:51,080 --> 00:25:56,360 THE MARKET BY A COMPANY, AND 667 00:25:56,360 --> 00:25:59,200 THEY -- OOPS, SORRY. 668 00:25:59,200 --> 00:26:02,080 AND THEY -- NOW WE SEE THE RATES 669 00:26:02,080 --> 00:26:03,600 OF CARPAL TUNNEL AND ROTATOR 670 00:26:03,600 --> 00:26:06,680 CUFF INJURIES BECAUSE OF BETTER 671 00:26:06,680 --> 00:26:10,520 SETUP AND DESIGN, IS ABOUT 20%. 672 00:26:10,520 --> 00:26:12,240 PROBABLY WON'T GET MUCH LOWER 673 00:26:12,240 --> 00:26:15,760 WITH CHANGES IN THE WHEELCHAIR 674 00:26:15,760 --> 00:26:18,920 BECAUSE THERE'S OTHER ACTIVITIES 675 00:26:18,920 --> 00:26:20,680 SUCH AS TRANSFERS AND OTHER -- A 676 00:26:20,680 --> 00:26:23,800 LOT OF USE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES, 677 00:26:23,800 --> 00:26:25,200 AND THOSE ARE THINGS WE'RE 678 00:26:25,200 --> 00:26:27,240 WORKING ON AS WELL. 679 00:26:27,240 --> 00:26:30,440 THOSE PATENTS ARE SET TO EXPIRE, 680 00:26:30,440 --> 00:26:32,720 BUT THERE ARE NOW KNOCKOFF OR 681 00:26:32,720 --> 00:26:34,280 REPLICA PRODUCTS ON THE MARKET 682 00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:38,560 WHICH TO ME SHOWS WE WERE ON THE 683 00:26:38,560 --> 00:26:40,600 RIGHT TRACK BECAUSE ONCE THE 684 00:26:40,600 --> 00:26:45,240 PATENT EXPIRES, IT COMES ON THE 685 00:26:45,240 --> 00:26:47,560 MARKET, IT SHOWS YOU WERE 686 00:26:47,560 --> 00:26:53,120 WORKING ON SOMETHING OF VALUE. 687 00:26:53,120 --> 00:26:54,440 MEYER KAPLAN SURVIVOR CAP 688 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:56,720 ANALYSIS, THE OTHER THING IS 689 00:26:56,720 --> 00:26:59,560 ROAD SHOCK AND VIBRATION. 690 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:00,920 WHEELCHAIR USERS EXPERIENCE THE 691 00:27:00,920 --> 00:27:03,720 SAME LEVEL OF RIDE CHOCK AND 692 00:27:03,720 --> 00:27:06,560 VIBRATION AS HELICOPTER PILOTS 693 00:27:06,560 --> 00:27:10,360 AND LONG HAUL TRUCKERS. 694 00:27:10,360 --> 00:27:14,480 AND SO DR. GILMAN KNOWS 695 00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:16,000 HELICOPTER PILOTS HAVE BACK AND 696 00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:17,880 NECK PROBLEMS, BECAUSE OF SHOCK 697 00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:19,920 AND VIBRATION EXPOSURE. 698 00:27:19,920 --> 00:27:24,120 TURNS OUT SO DO WHEELCHAIR 699 00:27:24,120 --> 00:27:24,440 USERS. 700 00:27:24,440 --> 00:27:28,880 SO DR. KOONTZ ON OUR TEAM IS 701 00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:31,640 LOOKING AT IN-WHEEL SUSPENSION 702 00:27:31,640 --> 00:27:32,920 SYSTEMS. 703 00:27:32,920 --> 00:27:34,800 THESE ARE THREE DIFFERENT TYPES, 704 00:27:34,800 --> 00:27:36,880 KIND OF LIKE THE SPAGHETTI SPOKE 705 00:27:36,880 --> 00:27:39,280 DESIGN WHAT I'M USING ON MY 706 00:27:39,280 --> 00:27:40,080 CHAIR ACTUALLY. 707 00:27:40,080 --> 00:27:44,480 A SOFT SPOKE THAT ALLOWS FOR 708 00:27:44,480 --> 00:27:45,560 SOME SUSPENSION. 709 00:27:45,560 --> 00:27:50,200 AND THEN THE OTHER ONES, IT'S 710 00:27:50,200 --> 00:27:52,200 BASICALLY THREE SHOCK ABSORBERS 711 00:27:52,200 --> 00:27:55,360 PLACED IN THE SPOKES, THE OTHER 712 00:27:55,360 --> 00:28:02,480 THIRD DESIGN IS THREE PROSTHETIC 713 00:28:02,480 --> 00:28:04,240 FOOT BLADES. 714 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:07,760 THIS RESEARCH IS ONGOING BUT 715 00:28:07,760 --> 00:28:11,280 SHOWS -- INDICATES BY WHEN YOU 716 00:28:11,280 --> 00:28:14,680 HAVE ROUGH TERRAIN OR DROPPING 717 00:28:14,680 --> 00:28:17,040 OFF CURBS IT DOES HELP REDUCE 718 00:28:17,040 --> 00:28:18,480 SHOCK AND VIBRATION. 719 00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:21,640 I TALKED ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF 720 00:28:21,640 --> 00:28:23,600 THE ERGONOMICS WITH THE 721 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:24,160 SMARTWHEEL. 722 00:28:24,160 --> 00:28:29,560 THE V.A. AND A NUMBER OF 723 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:31,960 EUROPEAN COMPANIES PROVIDE -- SO 724 00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:33,600 DOES TRICARE, PROVIDE HAND 725 00:28:33,600 --> 00:28:37,440 CYCLES OF A MEANS OF EXERCISE 726 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:39,160 FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH 727 00:28:39,160 --> 00:28:39,920 DISABILITIES, LOWER EXTREMITY 728 00:28:39,920 --> 00:28:40,280 DISABILITIES. 729 00:28:40,280 --> 00:28:42,760 BUT NOW AS A NUMBER OF HAND 730 00:28:42,760 --> 00:28:44,640 CYCLE USERS HAVE GROWN, CARPAL 731 00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:46,560 TUNNEL SYNDROME HAS COME BACK. 732 00:28:46,560 --> 00:28:48,160 NOT SO MUCH ROTATOR CUFF 733 00:28:48,160 --> 00:28:50,560 INJURIES, INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, 734 00:28:50,560 --> 00:28:52,000 BECAUSE OF THE PUSHING/PULLING 735 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:54,160 MOTION IT'S BETTER FOR MUSCLE 736 00:28:54,160 --> 00:28:54,680 BALANCE. 737 00:28:54,680 --> 00:28:58,400 WE ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO USE HAND 738 00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:00,920 CYCLINGS AS A MEANS OF EXERCISE 739 00:29:00,920 --> 00:29:02,920 BUT THERE'S CONCERN ABOUT 740 00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:03,840 INCREASE IN CARPAL TUNNEL 741 00:29:03,840 --> 00:29:04,720 SYNDROME AGAIN. 742 00:29:04,720 --> 00:29:10,720 IT TURNS OUT WE WORKED WITH 743 00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:16,920 SEVERAL UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPE, 744 00:29:16,920 --> 00:29:17,800 PRIMARILY UNIVERSITY OF 745 00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:19,440 AMSTERDAM, ALSO A UNIVERSITY IN 746 00:29:19,440 --> 00:29:23,080 THE U.K. TO LOOK AT THE OPTIMAL 747 00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:25,160 ANGLE FOR THE GRIP, HOW DO YOU 748 00:29:25,160 --> 00:29:29,480 REDUCE AMOUNT OF GRIP REQUIRED, 749 00:29:29,480 --> 00:29:31,160 THAT'S WHAT THIS DOES, ALSO HOW 750 00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:35,640 DO YOU IMPROVE GRIP SO YOU GET 751 00:29:35,640 --> 00:29:38,720 LESS GRIPPING FORCES REQUIRED 752 00:29:38,720 --> 00:29:42,680 WHILE HAND CYCLING, THAT 753 00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:50,520 RESULTED IN THIS -- THESE 754 00:29:50,520 --> 00:29:51,320 ERGONOMICS. 755 00:29:51,320 --> 00:29:52,960 WE'RE STILL DOING RESEARCH BUT 756 00:29:52,960 --> 00:29:56,440 STUDIES SHOW IT'S A PRETTY 757 00:29:56,440 --> 00:29:57,760 EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR REDUCING 758 00:29:57,760 --> 00:30:04,880 THE STRAINS ON THE HAND AND 759 00:30:04,880 --> 00:30:05,200 WRIST. 760 00:30:05,200 --> 00:30:06,080 I MENTIONED TRANSFERS IS 761 00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:06,840 IMPORTANT. 762 00:30:06,840 --> 00:30:11,600 THIS IS SOME OF DR. KOONZ'S 763 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:15,720 WORK, USING GAMING TECHNOLOGY. 764 00:30:15,720 --> 00:30:18,360 SO THE MICROSOFT CONNECT 765 00:30:18,360 --> 00:30:19,120 TECHNOLOGY. 766 00:30:19,120 --> 00:30:22,640 IN ORDER TO EXTEND TRANSFER 767 00:30:22,640 --> 00:30:25,920 TRAINING INTO THE HOME, SHE'S 768 00:30:25,920 --> 00:30:28,960 NOW DOING TRAINING, PEER TO PEER 769 00:30:28,960 --> 00:30:31,000 TRAINING AS WELL, IF I'M GOOD AT 770 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:32,800 TRANSFERRING IN THE CAR I CAN 771 00:30:32,800 --> 00:30:34,040 SHARE THAT KNOWLEDGE WITH 772 00:30:34,040 --> 00:30:35,600 SOMEBODY ELSE TO HELP LEARN HOW 773 00:30:35,600 --> 00:30:39,000 TO TRANSFER IN THE CAR AS WELL. 774 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:43,360 AND SO IT'S REALLY NICE BECAUSE 775 00:30:43,360 --> 00:30:45,320 IT'S AN INEXPENSIVE SYSTEM, 776 00:30:45,320 --> 00:30:46,400 SOFTWARE IS READILY AVAILABLE, 777 00:30:46,400 --> 00:30:49,800 AND IT'S REALLY JUST A SIMPLE 778 00:30:49,800 --> 00:30:52,760 APP THAT PEOPLE CAN DOWNLOAD AND 779 00:30:52,760 --> 00:30:54,520 YOU CAN DO PEER-TO-PEER SHARING, 780 00:30:54,520 --> 00:31:01,760 YOU CAN DO EDUCATION, YOU CAN DO 781 00:31:01,760 --> 00:31:03,160 CLINICIAN-TO-CUSTOMER TRAINING 782 00:31:03,160 --> 00:31:06,600 AS WELL. 783 00:31:06,600 --> 00:31:09,880 SO, I'M GOING TO SHIFT GEARS NOW 784 00:31:09,880 --> 00:31:12,640 TO ANOTHER REAL COMMON PROBLEM 785 00:31:12,640 --> 00:31:15,240 AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH LOWER 786 00:31:15,240 --> 00:31:17,480 EXTREMITY PARALYSIS PRESSURE 787 00:31:17,480 --> 00:31:18,120 INJURIES. 788 00:31:18,120 --> 00:31:19,840 THEY COULD BE LIFE-THREATENING, 789 00:31:19,840 --> 00:31:21,600 ESPECIALLY IN LOW-INCOME 790 00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:23,000 COUNTRIES WHERE THEY DON'T HAVE 791 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:24,520 THE SAME ACCESS TO CARE. 792 00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:25,920 WE'VE BEEN -- ONE OF THE 793 00:31:25,920 --> 00:31:33,160 PROBLEMS, WE DO A GREAT JOB IN 794 00:31:33,160 --> 00:31:34,160 THE CLINTON ISSUE TEACHING 795 00:31:34,160 --> 00:31:36,880 IMPORTANCE OF PREVENTION OF 796 00:31:36,880 --> 00:31:38,640 INJURIES BUT DON'T DO A GOOD JOB 797 00:31:38,640 --> 00:31:40,040 TEACHING HOW TO PREVENT PRESSURE 798 00:31:40,040 --> 00:31:40,720 INJURIES. 799 00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:45,640 A GOOD FRIEND USED TO WORK HERE 800 00:31:45,640 --> 00:31:47,480 AT NIH, DAVID GRAY, AND ONE OF 801 00:31:47,480 --> 00:31:49,640 THE CHALLENGES WE FACE IS 802 00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:50,640 RESEARCHers, WHEN YOU WORK IN 803 00:31:50,640 --> 00:31:52,000 THE LAB YOU LEARN WHAT PEOPLE 804 00:31:52,000 --> 00:31:52,480 CAN DO. 805 00:31:52,480 --> 00:31:55,680 BUT WHAT YOU DON'T LEARN IS WHAT 806 00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:56,720 PEOPLE DO DO. 807 00:31:56,720 --> 00:32:01,280 AND THAT WAS HIS CAN-DO/DO-DO 808 00:32:01,280 --> 00:32:02,560 THEORY, BY THE WAY. 809 00:32:02,560 --> 00:32:06,320 SO THE IDEA IS IF WE CAN PROVIDE 810 00:32:06,320 --> 00:32:11,560 SENSORS UNDER THE SEAT OF THE 811 00:32:11,560 --> 00:32:12,440 WHEELCHAIR, THEN WE CAN -- 812 00:32:12,440 --> 00:32:14,200 THAT'S WHAT WE DID. 813 00:32:14,200 --> 00:32:16,240 WE CAN MEASURE WHAT THEY DO DO, 814 00:32:16,240 --> 00:32:18,640 WHAT TYPE OF -- DO THEY DO 815 00:32:18,640 --> 00:32:20,960 PRESSURE RELEASE, DO THEY LEAN 816 00:32:20,960 --> 00:32:24,040 FORWARD, LEAN LEFT, DO THEY LEAN 817 00:32:24,040 --> 00:32:26,000 RIGHT, DO THEY SLOUCH AS A WAY 818 00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:27,960 OF PRESSURE RELIEF? 819 00:32:27,960 --> 00:32:30,960 WE DON'T ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO DO 820 00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:32,760 PUSH-UPS ANYMORE, BECAUSE OF THE 821 00:32:32,760 --> 00:32:34,160 STRAIN ON WRIST, ELBOW AND 822 00:32:34,160 --> 00:32:36,440 SHOULDERS, IT'S HARD TO MAINTAIN 823 00:32:36,440 --> 00:32:38,520 THAT LONG ENOUGH TO BE EFFECTIVE 824 00:32:38,520 --> 00:32:39,240 PRESSURE RELIEF. 825 00:32:39,240 --> 00:32:42,160 THE IDEA IS TO COACH PEOPLE. 826 00:32:42,160 --> 00:32:45,160 SO RIGHT NOW WE HAVE DEVELOPED 827 00:32:45,160 --> 00:32:47,360 THIS TECHNOLOGY. 828 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:51,400 WE'VE TESTED OVER 40 PEOPLE, WE 829 00:32:51,400 --> 00:32:54,320 WERE ABLE TO SEE -- DETERMINE 830 00:32:54,320 --> 00:32:56,400 USING MACHINE LEARNING WHETHER 831 00:32:56,400 --> 00:32:58,840 THEY WERE DOING THE LEFT LEAN, 832 00:32:58,840 --> 00:33:02,000 RIGHT LEAN, FORWARD LEAN. 833 00:33:02,000 --> 00:33:03,200 IT'S PRETTY HARD TO DETERMINE 834 00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:05,280 BACKWARD LEAN BUT WE CAN DO THAT 835 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:07,840 BY LOOKING NOT ONLY AT CENTER OF 836 00:33:07,840 --> 00:33:11,720 PRESSURE BUT THE TOTAL WEIGHT ON 837 00:33:11,720 --> 00:33:13,320 THE SEAT. 838 00:33:13,320 --> 00:33:14,080 INTERESTING ADVANTAGE, THE 839 00:33:14,080 --> 00:33:15,240 WHEELCHAIR BECOMES A SCALE SO 840 00:33:15,240 --> 00:33:20,600 YOU CAN MEASURE BODY WEIGHT AS 841 00:33:20,600 --> 00:33:20,800 WELL. 842 00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:22,480 SO PEOPLE CAN HELP MAINTAIN BODY 843 00:33:22,480 --> 00:33:23,040 WEIGHT. 844 00:33:23,040 --> 00:33:25,760 NOW THE TRICKY PART, GET PEOPLE 845 00:33:25,760 --> 00:33:27,280 TO CHANGE BEHAVIOR. 846 00:33:27,280 --> 00:33:29,160 THE VIRTUAL SEATING COACH 847 00:33:29,160 --> 00:33:30,680 WAS DEVELOPED BASICALLY IN ORDER 848 00:33:30,680 --> 00:33:33,440 TO MEET THE CLINICAL NEED WE HAD 849 00:33:33,440 --> 00:33:35,120 IDENTIFIED OF PEOPLE GETTING 850 00:33:35,120 --> 00:33:38,400 POWER WHEELCHAIRS WITH POWER 851 00:33:38,400 --> 00:33:41,960 SEAT FUNCTIONS BUT THEIR 852 00:33:41,960 --> 00:33:42,600 CONDITION NOT IMPROVING. 853 00:33:42,600 --> 00:33:45,160 AND SO WE DID A SERIES OF 854 00:33:45,160 --> 00:33:46,160 EXPERIMENTS TO IDENTIFY THE 855 00:33:46,160 --> 00:33:47,960 PEOPLE WOULD USE POWER SEAT 856 00:33:47,960 --> 00:33:50,160 FUNCTIONS AND NOT NECESSARILY AS 857 00:33:50,160 --> 00:33:50,720 INSTRUCTED. 858 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:54,000 THE IDEA CAN THE VIRTUAL SEATING 859 00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:59,080 COACH TO USE ADVANCES IN 860 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:00,920 TECHNOLOGY, FIRST ONBOARD 861 00:34:00,920 --> 00:34:02,880 COMPUTING, LATER WITH SMARTPHONE 862 00:34:02,880 --> 00:34:05,160 TECHNOLOGY, TO PROVIDE THAT 863 00:34:05,160 --> 00:34:06,800 COACHING IN REAL TIME, 864 00:34:06,800 --> 00:34:08,600 CONTEXTUALLY AWARE ALL THE TIME, 865 00:34:08,600 --> 00:34:09,920 AVAILABLE TO THE USER, AND 866 00:34:09,920 --> 00:34:14,040 PROVIDE THAT DATA TO THE CLOUD, 867 00:34:14,040 --> 00:34:15,240 SO ALGORITHMS COULD BE IMPROVED 868 00:34:15,240 --> 00:34:16,320 BASED ON WHAT WAS LEARNED AS 869 00:34:16,320 --> 00:34:18,720 WELL AS SHARE THE DATA WITH 870 00:34:18,720 --> 00:34:21,360 CLINICIANS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE 871 00:34:21,360 --> 00:34:22,880 THEIR CLINICAL PRACTICE, 872 00:34:22,880 --> 00:34:24,320 EVENTUALLY IMPROVE CLINICAL 873 00:34:24,320 --> 00:34:24,840 PRACTICE GUIDELINES. 874 00:34:24,840 --> 00:34:28,240 ULTIMATELY THE GOAL IS THAT WE 875 00:34:28,240 --> 00:34:31,000 USE THE TECHNOLOGY INTERACTING 876 00:34:31,000 --> 00:34:33,720 WITH THE USER TO HELP THE USER 877 00:34:33,720 --> 00:34:35,480 GET THE MAXIMUM BENEFIT FROM THE 878 00:34:35,480 --> 00:34:39,640 TECHNOLOGY THEY ARE USING. 879 00:34:39,640 --> 00:34:41,920 >>SO, THE SAD THING ABOUT THAT 880 00:34:41,920 --> 00:34:44,640 IS IT WOUND UP ON 50,000 881 00:34:44,640 --> 00:34:48,160 PEOPLE'S CHAIRS, IT WAS GIVEN 882 00:34:48,160 --> 00:34:49,680 OUT FREE, THROUGH THE 883 00:34:49,680 --> 00:34:50,440 MANUFACTURERS, WE WORKED OUT 884 00:34:50,440 --> 00:34:54,520 WITH THE MANUFACTURER TO DO 885 00:34:54,520 --> 00:34:54,960 THIS. 886 00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:59,520 BUT WE MISJUDGED HOW SERVICES 887 00:34:59,520 --> 00:35:01,520 ARE PROVIDED. 888 00:35:01,520 --> 00:35:04,160 UNFORTUNATELY, THE THERAPIST AND 889 00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:07,880 THE REHAB TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS 890 00:35:07,880 --> 00:35:09,720 WOULDN'T SET UP THE -- WOULD 891 00:35:09,720 --> 00:35:11,440 ONLY SET UP THE COACH FOR A 892 00:35:11,440 --> 00:35:13,320 SMALL FRACTION OF THE PEOPLE 893 00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:15,040 THAT ACTUALLY HAD IT, EVEN WHEN 894 00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:16,600 INSTALLED FREE ON THEIR CHAIR. 895 00:35:16,600 --> 00:35:20,080 THE GOOD NEWS IS THE PEOPLE THAT 896 00:35:20,080 --> 00:35:26,240 GOT IT, IT REDUCED THEIR -- 897 00:35:26,240 --> 00:35:30,920 INCREASED COMPLIANCE BY 898 00:35:30,920 --> 00:35:32,720 FOUR-FOLD. 899 00:35:32,720 --> 00:35:36,520 WHICH SHOULD REDUCE INCIDENCE OF 900 00:35:36,520 --> 00:35:38,440 PRESSURE ULCERS FOUR-FOLD. 901 00:35:38,440 --> 00:35:41,120 THE BAD NEWS, NOT AS MANY PEOPLE 902 00:35:41,120 --> 00:35:43,520 ACTUALLY GOT THE SYSTEM SET UP 903 00:35:43,520 --> 00:35:46,920 FOR THEM, AS WE HOPED TO. 904 00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:50,040 SO WE ARE TAKING A NEW TACK NOW. 905 00:35:50,040 --> 00:35:51,520 WE'RE TAKING THE CLINICIAN AND 906 00:35:51,520 --> 00:35:53,960 SUPPLIER OUT OF IT AND DOING 907 00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:56,320 EDUCATION DIRECTLY TO THE END 908 00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:59,400 USER SO THEY CAN SET UP THE APP 909 00:35:59,400 --> 00:36:01,360 THEMSELVES WHICH I THINK THAT IS 910 00:36:01,360 --> 00:36:04,480 ACTUALLY GOING TO BE MORE OF A 911 00:36:04,480 --> 00:36:06,400 TREND IN REMOTE HEALTH CARE OR 912 00:36:06,400 --> 00:36:07,840 TELEMEDICINE IN THE FUTURE, 913 00:36:07,840 --> 00:36:10,240 WHERE WE HAVE TO EDUCATE END 914 00:36:10,240 --> 00:36:12,000 USERS TO BE ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS 915 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:14,400 IN THEIR OWN CARE AND EVEN MAYBE 916 00:36:14,400 --> 00:36:19,360 ACTIVE MANAGERS OF THEIR OWN 917 00:36:19,360 --> 00:36:19,680 CARE. 918 00:36:19,680 --> 00:36:21,080 PARTIALLY, I THINK THAT'S DUE TO 919 00:36:21,080 --> 00:36:23,480 THE FACT THAT THE CLINICIANS 920 00:36:23,480 --> 00:36:26,040 JUST ARE SO PUSHED FOR TIME NOW, 921 00:36:26,040 --> 00:36:28,440 THE AMOUNT OF TIME THEY GET TO 922 00:36:28,440 --> 00:36:29,760 SPEND WITH INDIVIDUAL CLIENTS. 923 00:36:29,760 --> 00:36:31,360 ON THE OTHER HAND I THINK SOME 924 00:36:31,360 --> 00:36:32,880 PEOPLE NO MATTER WHAT THE 925 00:36:32,880 --> 00:36:34,040 CURRENT TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE AND 926 00:36:34,040 --> 00:36:36,640 COACHING WE CAN DO IS JUST NOT 927 00:36:36,640 --> 00:36:38,000 GOING TO BE SUFFICIENT. 928 00:36:38,000 --> 00:36:42,080 WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON THE ACTIVE 929 00:36:42,080 --> 00:36:43,520 CUSHION TECHNOLOGY AS WELL. 930 00:36:43,520 --> 00:36:45,360 THIS PROJECT WE HAD WITH 931 00:36:45,360 --> 00:36:47,280 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS APPLIED 932 00:36:47,280 --> 00:36:51,480 RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THIS WAS AN 933 00:36:51,480 --> 00:36:53,840 INSTRUMENTED BUTTOCKS SYSTEM FOR 934 00:36:53,840 --> 00:36:56,840 HELICOPTER PILOTS, WOUND UP 935 00:36:56,840 --> 00:36:57,720 USING WHEELCHAIR CUSHION TESTING 936 00:36:57,720 --> 00:36:58,600 AS WELL. 937 00:36:58,600 --> 00:37:02,480 THIS IS AN AIR BLADDER -- GO 938 00:37:02,480 --> 00:37:02,760 BACK. 939 00:37:02,760 --> 00:37:05,680 THIS IS AN AIR BLADDER CUSHION, 940 00:37:05,680 --> 00:37:07,680 AND THEN EACH ONE OF THOSE CELLS 941 00:37:07,680 --> 00:37:11,200 CAN BE CONTROLLED BY A VALVE AND 942 00:37:11,200 --> 00:37:16,400 PUMPED, MOVE AIR INTO IT, ADDS 943 00:37:16,400 --> 00:37:18,160 INTERNAL MICROELECTRONIC 944 00:37:18,160 --> 00:37:19,520 MACHINED PRESSURE SENSORS, AND 945 00:37:19,520 --> 00:37:21,720 THEN THAT'S THE INTERNAL 946 00:37:21,720 --> 00:37:22,880 PRESSURING MAP. 947 00:37:22,880 --> 00:37:25,760 THIS IS THE STANDARD OFF THE 948 00:37:25,760 --> 00:37:27,880 SHELF PRESSURE MAPPING SYSTEM. 949 00:37:27,880 --> 00:37:29,560 THEY ARE NOTORIOUSLY NOT VERY 950 00:37:29,560 --> 00:37:32,400 ACCURATE BUT I THINK OUR DATA'S 951 00:37:32,400 --> 00:37:34,920 MUCH BETTER REPRESENTATION AND 952 00:37:34,920 --> 00:37:36,720 MUCH MORE ACCURATE, PRESSURE 953 00:37:36,720 --> 00:37:38,520 SENSORS FOR ENGINEERS IN THE 954 00:37:38,520 --> 00:37:40,200 ROOM, THOSE ARE QUITE ACCURATE, 955 00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:41,720 CONVENIENCE FOR CONTROL. 956 00:37:41,720 --> 00:37:45,320 AND THEN THIS IS WHAT WE DID, WE 957 00:37:45,320 --> 00:37:48,360 TESTED, THIS IS JUST THE CUSHION 958 00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:50,440 INFLATED, PEOPLE SIT ON IT, 959 00:37:50,440 --> 00:37:52,640 THAT'S WHAT THEIR PRESSURE 960 00:37:52,640 --> 00:37:57,000 DISTRIBUTION LOOKS LIKE. 961 00:37:57,000 --> 00:37:59,120 THAT'S OBVIOUS, TUBEROSITY. 962 00:37:59,120 --> 00:38:02,640 STANDARD, PASSIVE CUSHIONS, WE 963 00:38:02,640 --> 00:38:04,640 WOULD OFFLOAD TUBEROSITY, THIS 964 00:38:04,640 --> 00:38:05,920 IS AN OFFLOADING ALGORITHM, 965 00:38:05,920 --> 00:38:09,640 DETECT THE ISSUE OF TUBEROSITY. 966 00:38:09,640 --> 00:38:11,280 THIS IS TRANSFERRING THE 967 00:38:11,280 --> 00:38:13,320 PRESSURE TO THE SURROUNDING 968 00:38:13,320 --> 00:38:13,600 SURFACES. 969 00:38:13,600 --> 00:38:14,960 WITH THAT THERE COULD BE A 970 00:38:14,960 --> 00:38:19,320 BETTER WAY, THE GOAL IS HOW DO 971 00:38:19,320 --> 00:38:23,160 YOU MINIMIZE -- MAXIMIZE THE DB 972 00:38:23,160 --> 00:38:25,040 MAXIMIZE DISTRIBUTION OF 973 00:38:25,040 --> 00:38:26,520 PRESSURE ACROSS THE SEATING 974 00:38:26,520 --> 00:38:27,040 SURFACE WHILE MINIMIZING 975 00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:28,440 PRESSURE ON THE ISSUE OF 976 00:38:28,440 --> 00:38:28,760 TUBEROSITY. 977 00:38:28,760 --> 00:38:33,920 SO THAT'S WHAT WE CALL THE 978 00:38:33,920 --> 00:38:36,840 REDISTRIBUTED ALGORITHM. 979 00:38:36,840 --> 00:38:39,040 YOU GET RID OF RED AND YELLOW 980 00:38:39,040 --> 00:38:39,520 HIGH PRESSURE AREAS. 981 00:38:39,520 --> 00:38:44,320 OF THE -- THE ACTIVE PART, AS 982 00:38:44,320 --> 00:38:49,120 YOU MOVE IT WILL REDISTRIBUTE S 983 00:38:49,120 --> 00:38:50,320 YOU MOVE. 984 00:38:50,320 --> 00:38:51,960 OTHER ACTIVE CUSHIONS TEND TO GO 985 00:38:51,960 --> 00:38:57,040 THROUGH SOME SORT OF CYCLE OF 986 00:38:57,040 --> 00:38:57,960 APPLIED PRESSURE IN SEGMENTS OF 987 00:38:57,960 --> 00:38:58,920 THE CUSHION. 988 00:38:58,920 --> 00:39:01,400 THIS IS ACTIVELY LOOKING AT YOUR 989 00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:06,000 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION BASED ON 990 00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:08,880 YOUR BODY AUTONOMICS AND WEIGHT 991 00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:10,280 DISTRIBUTION, TRYING TO 992 00:39:10,280 --> 00:39:10,920 REDISTRIBUTE TO MAXIMIZE 993 00:39:10,920 --> 00:39:13,000 PRESSURE OVER THE ENTIRE 994 00:39:13,000 --> 00:39:14,640 SURFACE, NO MATTER WHAT POSITION 995 00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:15,240 YOU'RE IN. 996 00:39:15,240 --> 00:39:17,920 SO WE'RE HOPING TO DO A CLINICAL 997 00:39:17,920 --> 00:39:20,760 TRIAL FAIRLY SOON TO GET -- HOW 998 00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:21,920 THIS ACTUALLY WORKS. 999 00:39:21,920 --> 00:39:23,800 I'M HAVING A HARD TIME 1000 00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:29,200 GETTING -- 1001 00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:31,800 SO, I TOLD YOU ABOUT MY 1002 00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:33,800 ACCIDENT. 1003 00:39:33,800 --> 00:39:43,440 ONE OF THE THINGS -- MY WIFE IS 1004 00:39:43,440 --> 00:39:45,640 A PHYSICAL THERAPIST AND 1005 00:39:45,640 --> 00:39:47,040 RESEARCHER AT UNIVERSITY OF 1006 00:39:47,040 --> 00:39:47,800 PITTSBURGH. 1007 00:39:47,800 --> 00:39:51,280 YOU'RE NOT ALWAYS SITTING IN 1008 00:39:51,280 --> 00:39:52,280 YOUR WHEELCHAIR. 1009 00:39:52,280 --> 00:39:54,480 IT'S A GREAT QUESTION CLINICIANS 1010 00:39:54,480 --> 00:39:56,320 HAVE TO ASK PEOPLE. 1011 00:39:56,320 --> 00:39:58,280 BECAUSE THEY GET PRESSURE 1012 00:39:58,280 --> 00:39:59,280 ULCERS, BECAUSE THEY SIT IN THE 1013 00:39:59,280 --> 00:40:02,000 CAR FOR A LONG TIME WITHOUT 1014 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:03,440 SITTING ON THE CUSHION, THEY SAT 1015 00:40:03,440 --> 00:40:04,600 ON THE FLOOR. 1016 00:40:04,600 --> 00:40:07,720 PEOPLE SAY I WAS INSTALLING 1017 00:40:07,720 --> 00:40:09,920 FLOORBOARDS IN MY HOUSE, SPENT 1018 00:40:09,920 --> 00:40:13,000 HOURS ON A HARD FLOOR. 1019 00:40:13,000 --> 00:40:16,040 NOT REALIZING THEY ARE NOT 1020 00:40:16,040 --> 00:40:20,040 PROTECTED BECAUSE YOU'RE NOT IN 1021 00:40:20,040 --> 00:40:22,600 THE WHEELCHAIR, IT'S YOUR BODY 1022 00:40:22,600 --> 00:40:25,320 WE'RE PROTECTING. 1023 00:40:25,320 --> 00:40:28,280 THEY DEVELOPED THESE ON THE MOVE 1024 00:40:28,280 --> 00:40:32,440 PADS, AND SO IT'S A SIMPLE PAD, 1025 00:40:32,440 --> 00:40:34,160 ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED, FORGOT TO 1026 00:40:34,160 --> 00:40:37,360 INCLUDE A PICTURE, A WRAPPER ON 1027 00:40:37,360 --> 00:40:38,320 A TOILET SEAT. 1028 00:40:38,320 --> 00:40:40,280 YOU CAN TRAVEL WITH IT AS WELL. 1029 00:40:40,280 --> 00:40:44,560 IT FITS IN THE BACKPACK, IF YOU 1030 00:40:44,560 --> 00:40:47,880 GO SHOPPING, GO TO A FRIEND'S 1031 00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:51,600 HOUSE, STAYING AT A HOTEL, YOU 1032 00:40:51,600 --> 00:40:53,240 WRAP THIS AROUND THE SEAT TO 1033 00:40:53,240 --> 00:40:56,160 HAVE A PADDED TOILET SEAT. 1034 00:40:56,160 --> 00:40:59,120 ROSIE BROUGHT ONE WITH HER, IT'S 1035 00:40:59,120 --> 00:41:01,560 A LITTLE SHOW-AND-TELL. 1036 00:41:01,560 --> 00:41:02,720 IT'S INTERESTING, THIS 1037 00:41:02,720 --> 00:41:05,320 TECHNOLOGY WAS SO POPULAR IT GOT 1038 00:41:05,320 --> 00:41:08,000 LICENSED REALLY QUICKLY. 1039 00:41:08,000 --> 00:41:09,320 IT'S REALLY VERY INTERESTING, 1040 00:41:09,320 --> 00:41:11,080 ONCE IT GOT IN THE WILD, WHAT 1041 00:41:11,080 --> 00:41:13,560 DID PEOPLE DO WITH IT? 1042 00:41:13,560 --> 00:41:16,080 THEY USED IT FOR LIKE HAND 1043 00:41:16,080 --> 00:41:19,160 CYCLING, NOT ONLY TOILET SEATS, 1044 00:41:19,160 --> 00:41:21,440 HAND CYCLE HEAD REST, THIS IS 1045 00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:23,080 THE CONSOLE BETWEEN THE DRIVER'S 1046 00:41:23,080 --> 00:41:26,240 AND PASSENGER'S SEAT IN A CAR. 1047 00:41:26,240 --> 00:41:28,240 IN YOU WERE IN THE PASSENGER'S 1048 00:41:28,240 --> 00:41:33,920 SEAT YOU COULD PAD -- YOU HAVE A 1049 00:41:33,920 --> 00:41:36,400 PAD ON THE WAY, OR YOU'VE HAD 1050 00:41:36,400 --> 00:41:37,760 CLIENTS COME IN, YOU'VE SEEN 1051 00:41:37,760 --> 00:41:41,280 THIS IN THE CLINIC, THEY WRAP 1052 00:41:41,280 --> 00:41:46,640 LIKE A DISH TOWEL OR POT HOLDER 1053 00:41:46,640 --> 00:41:47,800 AROUND THE CUSHION BECAUSE OF 1054 00:41:47,800 --> 00:41:49,920 PRESSURE SORES ON THE ELBOW, 1055 00:41:49,920 --> 00:41:52,400 USING THEM FOR ARM RESTS. 1056 00:41:52,400 --> 00:41:53,520 IT'S PRETTY REMARKABLE. 1057 00:41:53,520 --> 00:41:58,240 A LITTLE LOW COST DEVICE, ROSIE 1058 00:41:58,240 --> 00:42:00,440 CAN PASS IT AROUND. 1059 00:42:00,440 --> 00:42:03,280 AND IT'S MADE TO COMPLY TO 1060 00:42:03,280 --> 00:42:04,360 UNUSUAL SURFACES. 1061 00:42:04,360 --> 00:42:07,720 YOU CAN WASH IT. 1062 00:42:07,720 --> 00:42:13,680 IT'S PRETTY AMAZING. 1063 00:42:13,680 --> 00:42:21,800 THIS IS DR. DUSIANO'S WORK, ACL, 1064 00:42:21,800 --> 00:42:27,160 BRING BACK THE REGIONAL GRANTS 1065 00:42:27,160 --> 00:42:27,960 FOR SUPPORTING COMMUNITY 1066 00:42:27,960 --> 00:42:29,760 ORGANIZATIONS, WE HAD A GRANT 1067 00:42:29,760 --> 00:42:30,640 FOR PENNSYLVANIA. 1068 00:42:30,640 --> 00:42:32,040 WE WERE ABLE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT 1069 00:42:32,040 --> 00:42:34,120 AND EDUCATION TO ALL THESE 1070 00:42:34,120 --> 00:42:35,480 REGIONAL SUPPORT ORGANIZATIONS 1071 00:42:35,480 --> 00:42:38,200 FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES. 1072 00:42:38,200 --> 00:42:42,360 AND THEN CONNECT THEM WITH 1073 00:42:42,360 --> 00:42:42,720 RESOURCES. 1074 00:42:42,720 --> 00:42:44,440 AND SO THIS IS THE APP WE 1075 00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:46,080 DEVELOPED OUT OF THAT. 1076 00:42:46,080 --> 00:42:46,920 WHAT'S NICE, WE COULD GIVE THEM 1077 00:42:46,920 --> 00:42:49,160 A LITTLE BIT OF MONEY TO SUPPORT 1078 00:42:49,160 --> 00:42:51,200 THEIR OWN STAFF TO PARTICIPATE, 1079 00:42:51,200 --> 00:42:52,960 WHICH IS OFTEN A PROBLEM WHEN 1080 00:42:52,960 --> 00:42:55,720 YOU TRY TO CHANGE COMMUNITY 1081 00:42:55,720 --> 00:42:58,760 HEALTH, THAT NOBODY HAS TIME. 1082 00:42:58,760 --> 00:42:59,960 IF YOU COULD BUY A LITTLE BIT OF 1083 00:42:59,960 --> 00:43:01,400 A PERSON'S TIME. 1084 00:43:01,400 --> 00:43:04,640 WHAT WAS IMPORTANT THAT CAME OUT 1085 00:43:04,640 --> 00:43:08,480 OF THE NEXT SLIDE WAS PROVIDING 1086 00:43:08,480 --> 00:43:09,880 CAREGIVER SUPPORT. 1087 00:43:09,880 --> 00:43:13,640 THESE ARE FAMILY CAREGIVERS, OR 1088 00:43:13,640 --> 00:43:18,760 NON-HEALTH CARE PROVIDER 1089 00:43:18,760 --> 00:43:19,320 CAREGIVERS. 1090 00:43:19,320 --> 00:43:20,200 MILITARY NON-MEDICAL ATTENDANTS, 1091 00:43:20,200 --> 00:43:22,160 THEY COULD CONNECT AND EDUCATE 1092 00:43:22,160 --> 00:43:24,240 AND CONSUMERS COULD SHARE HOW 1093 00:43:24,240 --> 00:43:25,120 THEY COULD TRAIN. 1094 00:43:25,120 --> 00:43:28,640 THIS WAS IMPORTANT IN THE 1095 00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:29,640 PANDEMIC WHEN SOME PEOPLE -- 1096 00:43:29,640 --> 00:43:31,240 PEOPLE ON MY STAFF HAD TO MOVE 1097 00:43:31,240 --> 00:43:34,080 BACK HOME WITH THEIR PARENTS 1098 00:43:34,080 --> 00:43:36,280 BECAUSE THEY COULDN'T GET 1099 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:36,680 ASSISTANCE. 1100 00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:44,680 THEN ALSO THEY COULD AT LEAST -- 1101 00:43:44,680 --> 00:43:45,360 ASSISTANTS COULD COORDINATE, 1102 00:43:45,360 --> 00:43:49,400 SOMEBODY ELSE CAME DOWN WITH 1103 00:43:49,400 --> 00:43:50,600 COVID, THEY COULD HELP ANOTHER 1104 00:43:50,600 --> 00:43:52,320 PERSON FOR A WHILE AND NETWORK 1105 00:43:52,320 --> 00:43:54,040 AND CONNECT WITH EACH OTHER. 1106 00:43:54,040 --> 00:43:55,760 AND THEN A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 1107 00:43:55,760 --> 00:43:58,320 WELL-BEING AND TRAINING FOR THEM 1108 00:43:58,320 --> 00:44:00,840 AS WELL. 1109 00:44:00,840 --> 00:44:02,680 1110 00:44:02,680 --> 00:44:05,960 YOU MIGHT RECOGNIZE THIS 1111 00:44:05,960 --> 00:44:06,440 PROJECT. 1112 00:44:06,440 --> 00:44:09,080 WE WORKED ON THE WOUNDED WARRIOR 1113 00:44:09,080 --> 00:44:13,200 HOME PROJECT WITH CLARK REALTY 1114 00:44:13,200 --> 00:44:14,000 AND MICHAEL GRAVES. 1115 00:44:14,000 --> 00:44:17,160 IF YOU DON'T KNOW MICHAEL 1116 00:44:17,160 --> 00:44:18,040 GRAVES, THE ARCHITECT LAUREATE 1117 00:44:18,040 --> 00:44:19,480 FOR THE UNITED STATES FOR A 1118 00:44:19,480 --> 00:44:22,880 WHILE, ALSO HAD A SPINAL CORD 1119 00:44:22,880 --> 00:44:24,160 INJURY, A REMARKABLE GUY. 1120 00:44:24,160 --> 00:44:26,400 MOST PEOPLE KNOW HIM, HE 1121 00:44:26,400 --> 00:44:28,560 DEVELOPED A LOT OF THE HOME AND 1122 00:44:28,560 --> 00:44:30,960 KITCHEN GOODS FOR TARGET, 1123 00:44:30,960 --> 00:44:32,720 THERE'S A MICHAEL GRAVES LINE, 1124 00:44:32,720 --> 00:44:33,520 UNFORTUNATELY HE PASSED AWAY A 1125 00:44:33,520 --> 00:44:35,240 FEW YEARS AGO, IT WAS FUN 1126 00:44:35,240 --> 00:44:37,000 WORKING WITH HIM. 1127 00:44:37,000 --> 00:44:41,480 AND WE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO 1128 00:44:41,480 --> 00:44:42,880 ACTUALLY BUILD TWO HOMES, AND 1129 00:44:42,880 --> 00:44:49,000 I'LL USE THE GERMAN WORD. 1130 00:44:49,000 --> 00:44:52,880 [SPEAKING IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE] 1131 00:44:52,880 --> 00:44:55,400 THAT'S THE GARDEN TO GROW 1132 00:44:55,400 --> 00:44:56,520 VEGETABLES, THINGS LIKE THAT. 1133 00:44:56,520 --> 00:44:58,680 THE DoD GAVE US THE 1134 00:44:58,680 --> 00:45:02,080 REQUIREMENT THAT THEY BE FULLY 1135 00:45:02,080 --> 00:45:04,160 ACCESSIBLE SMART HOMES, AND COST 1136 00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:05,440 NO MORE THAN TRADITIONAL 1137 00:45:05,440 --> 00:45:11,160 MILITARY HOUSING AND BE ABLE TO 1138 00:45:11,160 --> 00:45:14,240 BE RENTED FOR THE SAME BAQ, 1139 00:45:14,240 --> 00:45:15,960 BASIC ALLOWANCE FOR QUARTERS. 1140 00:45:15,960 --> 00:45:18,200 THAT'S KIND OF TRICKY BECAUSE 1141 00:45:18,200 --> 00:45:20,120 YOU HAVE TO BASICALLY DESIGN A 1142 00:45:20,120 --> 00:45:22,120 HOME, BUILD IT OUT WITH 1143 00:45:22,120 --> 00:45:23,080 MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES THAT 1144 00:45:23,080 --> 00:45:25,680 ARE GOING TO FIT WITHIN THOSE 1145 00:45:25,680 --> 00:45:26,000 CONSTRAINTS. 1146 00:45:26,000 --> 00:45:30,680 WE WERE ABLE TO DO THAT, BUILD 1147 00:45:30,680 --> 00:45:31,200 TWO HOMES. 1148 00:45:31,200 --> 00:45:32,560 THE FUN THING ABOUT THIS, IF YOU 1149 00:45:32,560 --> 00:45:35,800 KNOW, I WAS IN THE ARMY. 1150 00:45:35,800 --> 00:45:37,160 SERVICE RIVALRY HERE, THERE HAD 1151 00:45:37,160 --> 00:45:39,440 TO BE A MARINE CORPS HOME, AN 1152 00:45:39,440 --> 00:45:40,080 ARMY HOME. 1153 00:45:40,080 --> 00:45:50,280 ARMY HOME IS A LITTLE NICER. 1154 00:45:50,280 --> 00:45:50,840 [LAUGHTER] 1155 00:45:50,840 --> 00:45:52,360 BUT A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT 1156 00:45:52,360 --> 00:45:54,040 DESIGNS, BUT WE HAD MULTIPLE 1157 00:45:54,040 --> 00:45:58,000 POINTS OF INGRESS AND EGRESS. 1158 00:45:58,000 --> 00:45:59,000 ONE OF THE FUN THINGS IF YOU 1159 00:45:59,000 --> 00:46:02,520 HELD YOUR I.D. CARD TO THE DOOR, 1160 00:46:02,520 --> 00:46:05,080 THERE WAS A READER, LIKE YOUR 1161 00:46:05,080 --> 00:46:10,320 PIV CARDS, THERE'S AN RFD 1162 00:46:10,320 --> 00:46:15,800 READER, UNIVERSITY OF 1163 00:46:15,800 --> 00:46:17,000 PITTSBURGH, INVENTED BY A 1164 00:46:17,000 --> 00:46:17,240 COLLEAGUE. 1165 00:46:17,240 --> 00:46:18,280 THE READER KNOW WHO IS YOU ARE, 1166 00:46:18,280 --> 00:46:20,920 IT'S YOUR I.D., YOU CAN OPEN THE 1167 00:46:20,920 --> 00:46:23,000 DOOR WHICH WE WERE ABLE TO USE 1168 00:46:23,000 --> 00:46:27,040 AS HOME SECURITY TECHNOLOGY TO 1169 00:46:27,040 --> 00:46:28,680 DO THAT. 1170 00:46:28,680 --> 00:46:30,680 LARGER HALLWAYS, A LOT OF USE OF 1171 00:46:30,680 --> 00:46:32,200 LUXURY VINYL TILE WHICH YOU 1172 00:46:32,200 --> 00:46:34,400 COULD WALK ON PRETTY WELL, YOU 1173 00:46:34,400 --> 00:46:38,720 CAN ROLL ON PRETTY WELL, IT'S 1174 00:46:38,720 --> 00:46:39,040 DURABLE. 1175 00:46:39,040 --> 00:46:41,560 BUT THE MILITARY HAD SOME FUN 1176 00:46:41,560 --> 00:46:41,760 THINGS. 1177 00:46:41,760 --> 00:46:43,520 SO, FOR EXAMPLE, IN THE GARAGE 1178 00:46:43,520 --> 00:46:47,640 WE HAD A LARGER GARAGE WITH THE 1179 00:46:47,640 --> 00:46:51,600 STORAGE ROOM IN THE GARAGE. 1180 00:46:51,600 --> 00:46:53,200 GENERAL GILMAN KNOWS WHY WE HAD 1181 00:46:53,200 --> 00:46:54,120 THAT DONE. 1182 00:46:54,120 --> 00:46:56,000 YOU MOVED EVERY FEW YEARS IN THE 1183 00:46:56,000 --> 00:46:58,480 MILITARY, HAVE YOU TO STORE THE 1184 00:46:58,480 --> 00:46:59,680 BOXES FOR EVERYTHING. 1185 00:46:59,680 --> 00:47:01,280 SO YOU COULD PACK AGAIN IN A FEW 1186 00:47:01,280 --> 00:47:02,360 YEARS AND MOVE THEM AGAIN. 1187 00:47:02,360 --> 00:47:04,680 THAT WAS ONE THINGS THE MILITARY 1188 00:47:04,680 --> 00:47:07,240 NEEDED, A STORE ROOM. 1189 00:47:07,240 --> 00:47:11,000 THEN WE HAD A -- BUILT A LITTLE 1190 00:47:11,000 --> 00:47:13,480 CLOSET ROOM FOR CHARGING THE 1191 00:47:13,480 --> 00:47:19,080 POWER WHEELCHAIR AND PROS THEY 1192 00:47:19,080 --> 00:47:19,240 -- 1193 00:47:19,240 --> 00:47:21,800 PROSTHETIC LIMBS, AN AREA WHERE 1194 00:47:21,800 --> 00:47:25,840 THEY COULD DON AND DOFF UPPER 1195 00:47:25,840 --> 00:47:27,520 EXTREMITY PRODUCTS, WHICH WORKED 1196 00:47:27,520 --> 00:47:30,360 OUT JUST AS WELL FOR BODY ARMOR, 1197 00:47:30,360 --> 00:47:33,200 SO YOU DIDN'T HAVE TO -- COULD 1198 00:47:33,200 --> 00:47:35,600 DO THE PICKUP AND TWISTING WITH 1199 00:47:35,600 --> 00:47:38,080 BODY ARMOR, KIND OF AN 1200 00:47:38,080 --> 00:47:38,560 INTERESTING THING. 1201 00:47:38,560 --> 00:47:45,000 A LOT OF THINGS WITH NATURAL 1202 00:47:45,000 --> 00:47:46,960 LIGHT, FULL SPECTRUM LIGHTING. 1203 00:47:46,960 --> 00:47:50,920 WINDOWS WHERE YOU COULD CRANK 1204 00:47:50,920 --> 00:47:52,240 THEM FROM SITTING HEIGHT. 1205 00:47:52,240 --> 00:47:55,200 IT WAS KIND OF FUN IN THE STUDY. 1206 00:47:55,200 --> 00:47:56,440 SOMETHING YOU DON'T NORMALLY 1207 00:47:56,440 --> 00:47:58,200 HEAR IN RESEARCH, WE WERE DOING 1208 00:47:58,200 --> 00:48:03,080 WORK ON OUR OWN HOME DESIGN, WE 1209 00:48:03,080 --> 00:48:04,600 WERE THE GUINEA PIGS, PAID FOR 1210 00:48:04,600 --> 00:48:06,480 IT AND TRIED THINGS OUT. 1211 00:48:06,480 --> 00:48:09,000 HEY, THIS MIGHT WORK FOR THIS 1212 00:48:09,000 --> 00:48:09,280 HOME. 1213 00:48:09,280 --> 00:48:11,200 AND THEN SOME OF THAT GOT 1214 00:48:11,200 --> 00:48:12,360 INTEGRATED INTO THE HOME. 1215 00:48:12,360 --> 00:48:14,480 WE SORT OF UNDERWROTE THE STUDY 1216 00:48:14,480 --> 00:48:17,000 A LITTLE BIT WHEN WE WERE 1217 00:48:17,000 --> 00:48:20,720 MODELING OUR OWN HOUSE. 1218 00:48:20,720 --> 00:48:26,360 WHAT'S HAPPENED WITH THE REMOTE 1219 00:48:26,360 --> 00:48:27,920 I MENTIONED WEIGHT IS ANOTHER 1220 00:48:27,920 --> 00:48:28,200 KEY THING. 1221 00:48:28,200 --> 00:48:31,000 THIS IS OUR BED SCALE 1222 00:48:31,000 --> 00:48:31,880 TECHNOLOGY, FUNDED THROUGH AN 1223 00:48:31,880 --> 00:48:32,560 NIH SBIR. 1224 00:48:32,560 --> 00:48:35,480 I LIKE THIS PICTURE BECAUSE IT 1225 00:48:35,480 --> 00:48:36,680 SHOWS HERL'S CAPABILITY TO BUILD 1226 00:48:36,680 --> 00:48:39,000 LARGE NUMBERS OF UNITS AND VERY 1227 00:48:39,000 --> 00:48:39,640 HIGH QUALITY FOR SUPPORTING 1228 00:48:39,640 --> 00:48:41,200 CLINICAL TRIALS WHICH IS LARGELY 1229 00:48:41,200 --> 00:48:45,080 WHY WE GOT STARTED WITH OUR 1230 00:48:45,080 --> 00:48:46,760 LARGE ENGINEERING AND 1231 00:48:46,760 --> 00:48:47,960 MANUFACTURING TEAM. 1232 00:48:47,960 --> 00:48:49,840 AND IT'S ALSO INTERESTING, YOU 1233 00:48:49,840 --> 00:48:51,600 COULD LOOK AT SLEEP QUALITY 1234 00:48:51,600 --> 00:48:52,920 WHILE PEOPLE ROLL OVER, THINGS 1235 00:48:52,920 --> 00:48:54,760 LIKE THAT, HOW MUCH THEY GET IN 1236 00:48:54,760 --> 00:48:57,800 AND OUT OF BED AT NIGHT AS WELL. 1237 00:48:57,800 --> 00:48:59,480 >>EVEN IN THE KITCHEN, WHERE 1238 00:48:59,480 --> 00:49:01,000 SOMETHING AS SIMPLE AS PREPARING 1239 00:49:01,000 --> 00:49:05,240 MEALS CAN BE A REAL CHALLENGE. 1240 00:49:05,240 --> 00:49:06,400 >>THIS IS DESIGNED FOR PEOPLE 1241 00:49:06,400 --> 00:49:07,640 WITH ALZHEIMER'S AND BRAIN 1242 00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:08,920 INJURY. 1243 00:49:08,920 --> 00:49:15,480 >>THIS IS THE QUEUING KITCHEN 1244 00:49:15,480 --> 00:49:19,400 WITH STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONs 1245 00:49:19,400 --> 00:49:19,960 COOKING THINGS LIKE PASTA. 1246 00:49:19,960 --> 00:49:21,280 >>THE PROGRAM WILL GIVE ME THE 1247 00:49:21,280 --> 00:49:23,560 FIRST INSTRUCTION ON GETTING 1248 00:49:23,560 --> 00:49:24,240 STARTED MAKING PASTA. 1249 00:49:24,240 --> 00:49:29,520 >>TAKE OUT COOKING POT FROM THE 1250 00:49:29,520 --> 00:49:29,880 LIGHTED CABINET. 1251 00:49:29,880 --> 00:49:35,480 ♪ 1252 00:49:35,480 --> 00:49:37,600 TAKE OUT PASTA FROM THE 1253 00:49:37,600 --> 00:49:38,680 TRANSPARENT CABINET. 1254 00:49:38,680 --> 00:49:41,080 FILL THE COOKING POT WITH WATER 1255 00:49:41,080 --> 00:49:45,000 FROM THE WATER FAUCET. 1256 00:49:45,000 --> 00:49:46,720 TURN THE FAUCET OFF. 1257 00:49:46,720 --> 00:49:49,720 PLACE COOKING POT ON THE STOVE. 1258 00:49:49,720 --> 00:49:56,080 TURN ON THE STOVE. 1259 00:49:56,080 --> 00:49:58,600 >>THIS PROGRAM IS IDEAL FOR 1260 00:49:58,600 --> 00:50:01,200 SOMEONE WITH COGNITIVE OR MEMORY 1261 00:50:01,200 --> 00:50:01,560 LOSS PROBLEMS. 1262 00:50:01,560 --> 00:50:05,160 FOR THOSE WHO NEED MORE HELP, 1263 00:50:05,160 --> 00:50:08,120 THERE'S THIS FUTURISTIC DEVICE 1264 00:50:08,120 --> 00:50:11,200 CALLED THE KITCHEN BOT, IT CAN 1265 00:50:11,200 --> 00:50:14,640 TURN A FAUCET ON AND OFF, OPEN 1266 00:50:14,640 --> 00:50:17,760 CABINETS AND DRAWERS, OPERATE 1267 00:50:17,760 --> 00:50:18,040 APPLIANCES. 1268 00:50:18,040 --> 00:50:20,680 IT'S A SOPHISTICATED INSTRUMENT 1269 00:50:20,680 --> 00:50:23,920 THAT MOVES UP, DOWN, AND 1270 00:50:23,920 --> 00:50:24,840 SIDEWAYS. 1271 00:50:24,840 --> 00:50:26,760 AND CAN BE PROGRAMMED FOR 1272 00:50:26,760 --> 00:50:31,720 SPECIFIC OR GROUP OF FUNCTIONS. 1273 00:50:31,720 --> 00:50:34,520 >>WE ALSO DO -- YOU CAN SEE WE 1274 00:50:34,520 --> 00:50:36,040 HAVE LIGHTED HANDLES, CAN FLASH 1275 00:50:36,040 --> 00:50:39,640 THEM, CAN CHANGE COLORS. 1276 00:50:39,640 --> 00:50:42,080 WE CAN USE THE SUSPENDED 1277 00:50:42,080 --> 00:50:43,600 PARTICLE GLASS, TURN THE GLASS 1278 00:50:43,600 --> 00:50:45,520 FROM MILKY TO CLEAR SO PEOPLE 1279 00:50:45,520 --> 00:50:50,120 CAN SEE WHERE ITEMS ARE. 1280 00:50:50,120 --> 00:50:51,320 WE USE THE KINECT SYSTEM, WE 1281 00:50:51,320 --> 00:50:54,160 KNOW WHERE THE PERSON IS, IDLING 1282 00:50:54,160 --> 00:50:56,080 IN SPACE, THEY ARE NOT WHERE 1283 00:50:56,080 --> 00:50:57,120 THEY ARE. 1284 00:50:57,120 --> 00:51:01,120 ONE OF THE CHALLENGES IS WE HAVE 1285 00:51:01,120 --> 00:51:02,040 RFID READERS, BARCODE READERS SO 1286 00:51:02,040 --> 00:51:04,360 WE CAN TELL YOU WHAT ITEMS 1287 00:51:04,360 --> 00:51:06,560 YOU'VE GOT, THE RIGHT ITEM, THE 1288 00:51:06,560 --> 00:51:07,600 RIGHT AMOUNT. 1289 00:51:07,600 --> 00:51:12,160 SOME CHALLENGES IS LIKE HOW DO 1290 00:51:12,160 --> 00:51:16,080 YOU TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 1291 00:51:16,080 --> 00:51:17,160 APPLE AND AN ORANGE. 1292 00:51:17,160 --> 00:51:20,640 THERE'S NO LABEL ON IT. 1293 00:51:20,640 --> 00:51:22,960 OR, YOU KNOW, DIFFERENT -- RED 1294 00:51:22,960 --> 00:51:25,840 GRAPE AND GREEN GRAPE, THOSE ARE 1295 00:51:25,840 --> 00:51:29,960 PRETTY DIFFICULT REAL WORLD 1296 00:51:29,960 --> 00:51:31,160 IMAGING CHALLENGES. 1297 00:51:31,160 --> 00:51:34,920 ALSO WORKING ON NOW CAREGIVER 1298 00:51:34,920 --> 00:51:37,440 ASSISTED TRANSFER, HOW BEST TO 1299 00:51:37,440 --> 00:51:40,040 DO TRANSFERS FOR INDIVIDUALS. 1300 00:51:40,040 --> 00:51:42,120 AND I'LL DO THAT, FIRST RIGHT 1301 00:51:42,120 --> 00:51:43,960 NOW WE'RE STUDYING THOSE 1302 00:51:43,960 --> 00:51:45,600 TECHNIQUES BUT WE'RE ALSO 1303 00:51:45,600 --> 00:51:47,040 WORKING ON TECHNOLOGIES TO 1304 00:51:47,040 --> 00:51:47,640 ASSIST. 1305 00:51:47,640 --> 00:51:50,640 LET ME SHOW YOU SOME OF THOSE. 1306 00:51:50,640 --> 00:51:54,600 SO THIS IS OUR STRONG ARM, 1307 00:51:54,600 --> 00:51:58,840 THAT'S MARK GREENHALL, CAPTAIN 1308 00:51:58,840 --> 00:52:04,680 GREENHALL'S SON. 1309 00:52:04,680 --> 00:52:05,960 IT'S A ROBOTIC ARM. 1310 00:52:05,960 --> 00:52:10,120 WE WERE THE FIRST ONES, NSF 1311 00:52:10,120 --> 00:52:11,200 ORIGINALLY FUNDED THIS, AND ONE 1312 00:52:11,200 --> 00:52:12,960 OF THEIR CONCERNS WAS WOULD WE 1313 00:52:12,960 --> 00:52:15,960 EVER GET IRB APPROVAL TO HAVE A 1314 00:52:15,960 --> 00:52:17,560 ROBOT THAT CAN LIFT 250 POUNDS 1315 00:52:17,560 --> 00:52:19,120 WORK IN CLOSE PROXIMITY, 1316 00:52:19,120 --> 00:52:21,720 ACTUALLY TOUCHING A PERSON. 1317 00:52:21,720 --> 00:52:24,280 WE ACTUALLY GOT THE FIRST IRB 1318 00:52:24,280 --> 00:52:25,880 APPROVAL FOR THAT. 1319 00:52:25,880 --> 00:52:29,840 PITTSBURGH IS PRETTY FAMOUS FOR 1320 00:52:29,840 --> 00:52:33,040 BEING -- LETTING YOU TAKE RISKS, 1321 00:52:33,040 --> 00:52:38,160 IRB LETTING PEOPLE TAKE RISKS, 1322 00:52:38,160 --> 00:52:42,520 OBVIOUSLY CALCULATED RISKS. 1323 00:52:42,520 --> 00:52:44,920 THE WHEELCHAIR CAN GO TO THE 1324 00:52:44,920 --> 00:52:45,920 LEFT, RIGHT, PARK IN THE BACK 1325 00:52:45,920 --> 00:52:48,200 AND NOT BE IN THE WAY, LIFT 250 1326 00:52:48,200 --> 00:52:48,720 POUNDS. 1327 00:52:48,720 --> 00:52:50,400 THE CAREGIVER DOESN'T HAVE TO DO 1328 00:52:50,400 --> 00:52:50,840 LIFTING. 1329 00:52:50,840 --> 00:52:52,840 THE ROBOT DOES THE LIFTING, 1330 00:52:52,840 --> 00:52:54,560 MOVING FROM ONE SURFACE TO 1331 00:52:54,560 --> 00:52:54,800 ANOTHER. 1332 00:52:54,800 --> 00:52:56,560 YOU STILL HAVE TO GET THE SLING 1333 00:52:56,560 --> 00:53:00,000 UNDER THE PERSON, WORKING ON 1334 00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:02,320 INCORPORATING THE CUSHION IN THE 1335 00:53:02,320 --> 00:53:04,320 BACK REST INTO THE SLING, SO YOU 1336 00:53:04,320 --> 00:53:07,480 CAN DO THAT AS WELL. 1337 00:53:07,480 --> 00:53:09,680 BUT THIS IS WHAT WE'VE GOT. 1338 00:53:09,680 --> 00:53:11,480 SEVERAL PROJECTS WE'RE WORKING 1339 00:53:11,480 --> 00:53:13,640 ON NOW, I'M EVEN MORE EXCITED 1340 00:53:13,640 --> 00:53:14,080 ABOUT. 1341 00:53:14,080 --> 00:53:16,200 WE TOOK A HOSPITAL BED AND 1342 00:53:16,200 --> 00:53:20,640 MODIFIED IT TO BE A ROBOTIC BED. 1343 00:53:20,640 --> 00:53:23,520 WE TOOK A POWER WHEELCHAIR, 1344 00:53:23,520 --> 00:53:25,600 MODIFIED IT SO THE TWO CAN TALK 1345 00:53:25,600 --> 00:53:28,600 TOGETHER TO DO NO-LIFT 1346 00:53:28,600 --> 00:53:28,840 TRANSFERS. 1347 00:53:28,840 --> 00:53:30,640 YOU CAN SEE THIS IS ONE OF OUR 1348 00:53:30,640 --> 00:53:35,840 GRADUATE STUDENTS WHO USES A 1349 00:53:35,840 --> 00:53:38,360 POWER WHEELCHAIR, JESSICA, WITH 1350 00:53:38,360 --> 00:53:41,200 AN ENGINEER, JOSH BROWN, AND SO 1351 00:53:41,200 --> 00:53:42,680 THE WHEELCHAIR WORKS IN CONCERT 1352 00:53:42,680 --> 00:53:45,000 WITH THE CHAIR, WITH THE BED, TO 1353 00:53:45,000 --> 00:53:46,440 POUR THE PERSON INTO BED. 1354 00:53:46,440 --> 00:53:48,880 SO THE BACK REST GOT OUT OF THE 1355 00:53:48,880 --> 00:53:53,920 WAY, THE BED ACTS AS THE BED 1356 00:53:53,920 --> 00:53:57,960 REST DURING THE TRANSFER. 1357 00:53:57,960 --> 00:54:00,120 TO PROTECT PEOPLE'S HEELS DURING 1358 00:54:00,120 --> 00:54:05,000 TRANSFER, EVEN THOUGH IT'S 1359 00:54:05,000 --> 00:54:05,920 TEFLON COATED SURFACE, HE'S 1360 00:54:05,920 --> 00:54:10,560 DOING IT WITH THAT TABLET. 1361 00:54:10,560 --> 00:54:12,360 WE HAVE THE TABLET HARD WIRED. 1362 00:54:12,360 --> 00:54:15,240 WE CAN DO IT WITH A PHONE AND 1363 00:54:15,240 --> 00:54:16,320 WIRELESS CONNECTION. 1364 00:54:16,320 --> 00:54:17,560 BUT WE DON'T WANT THAT 1365 00:54:17,560 --> 00:54:23,320 CONNECTION TO BE BROKEN IDEALLY. 1366 00:54:23,320 --> 00:54:24,440 IT GIVES, IF TETHERED, YOU KNOW 1367 00:54:24,440 --> 00:54:28,240 WHERE IT'S GROWING TO BE RATHER 1368 00:54:28,240 --> 00:54:29,640 THAN WALKING AWAY. 1369 00:54:29,640 --> 00:54:31,880 AND THEN THERE'S A CONVEYOR ON 1370 00:54:31,880 --> 00:54:33,840 THE BELT, THAT CONVEYOR -- 1371 00:54:33,840 --> 00:54:34,960 THAT'S ANOTHER COUPLE OF 1372 00:54:34,960 --> 00:54:36,800 ADVANTAGES, THE PERSON CAN 1373 00:54:36,800 --> 00:54:38,400 REPOSITION THEMSELVES IN BED. 1374 00:54:38,400 --> 00:54:39,560 THEY SIT UP AND CRUNCH DOWN AT 1375 00:54:39,560 --> 00:54:41,760 THE END OF THE BED, CAN USE THAT 1376 00:54:41,760 --> 00:54:43,880 TO STRETCH BACK OUT AGAIN. 1377 00:54:43,880 --> 00:54:45,520 IT HAS ALL THE BED FUNCTIONS, 1378 00:54:45,520 --> 00:54:48,000 YOU CAN RAISE AND LOWER THE BED, 1379 00:54:48,000 --> 00:54:51,120 RAISE THE FEET, RAISE THE HEAD. 1380 00:54:51,120 --> 00:54:55,720 SO YOU CAN MAINTAIN ALL OF THOSE 1381 00:54:55,720 --> 00:54:56,520 FUNCTIONS. 1382 00:54:56,520 --> 00:54:59,480 WE ALSO ARE MEASURING THE 1383 00:54:59,480 --> 00:55:02,440 CURRENT IN THE ACTUATOR TO GET A 1384 00:55:02,440 --> 00:55:04,520 DECENT ESTIMATE OF THE PERSON'S 1385 00:55:04,520 --> 00:55:05,920 BODY WEIGHT AS WELL, THAT ALLOWS 1386 00:55:05,920 --> 00:55:08,280 US TO LOOK IF PEOPLE ARE MOVING 1387 00:55:08,280 --> 00:55:09,880 UP AND DOWN. 1388 00:55:09,880 --> 00:55:12,600 BECAUSE WE HAVE THIS -- WE'RE 1389 00:55:12,600 --> 00:55:14,680 CONTROLLING THE TRANSFERS, WE 1390 00:55:14,680 --> 00:55:18,600 DID SOME STUDIES OF LONG-TERM 1391 00:55:18,600 --> 00:55:23,880 CARE FACILITIES, MANDATED TO GT 1392 00:55:23,880 --> 00:55:25,440 PEOPLE IN AND OUT OF BED EVERY 1393 00:55:25,440 --> 00:55:26,960 DAY, YOU WOULD KNOW. 1394 00:55:26,960 --> 00:55:28,160 IT'S FASTER, IT TAKES ONE 1395 00:55:28,160 --> 00:55:30,560 PERSON, YOU DON'T HAVE TO GET, 1396 00:55:30,560 --> 00:55:34,120 YOU KNOW, AN OVERHEAD LIFT OR 1397 00:55:34,120 --> 00:55:37,240 SOMETHING LIKE THAT. 1398 00:55:37,240 --> 00:55:42,080 IT HAS A 600-POUNDS CAPACITY. 1399 00:55:42,080 --> 00:55:45,680 I MENTIONED TRANSPORTATION IS A 1400 00:55:45,680 --> 00:55:46,120 PRIORITY. 1401 00:55:46,120 --> 00:55:47,400 WE'VE BEEN DOING WORK WITH 1402 00:55:47,400 --> 00:55:49,760 DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORE 1403 00:55:49,760 --> 00:55:51,840 DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION. 1404 00:55:51,840 --> 00:55:59,360 WE DID A SURVEY, NEED FOR 1405 00:55:59,360 --> 00:56:00,120 SELF-DRIVING VEHICLES. 1406 00:56:00,120 --> 00:56:01,920 YOU CAN SEE SOME OF THE 1407 00:56:01,920 --> 00:56:07,360 CHALLENGES, WHAT HAPPENS IS WHEN 1408 00:56:07,360 --> 00:56:09,680 PEOPLE GET MOBILITY PERMIT, THEY 1409 00:56:09,680 --> 00:56:12,160 STOP DRIVING, REDUCE ACTIVITY. 1410 00:56:12,160 --> 00:56:13,280 THE SECOND MOST COMMON, THE MOST 1411 00:56:13,280 --> 00:56:14,600 COMMON SOLUTION IS TO ASK OTHER 1412 00:56:14,600 --> 00:56:17,000 PEOPLE FOR A RIDE. 1413 00:56:17,000 --> 00:56:18,320 THAT PRESENTS SIGNIFICANT 1414 00:56:18,320 --> 00:56:18,800 CHALLENGES. 1415 00:56:18,800 --> 00:56:22,320 ESPECIALLY IN RURAL AND SUBURBAN 1416 00:56:22,320 --> 00:56:23,360 ENVIRONMENTS WHERE PUBLIC 1417 00:56:23,360 --> 00:56:24,880 TRANSPORTATION IS NOT READILY 1418 00:56:24,880 --> 00:56:25,440 AVAILABLE. 1419 00:56:25,440 --> 00:56:27,480 THERE ARE SOME NEW -- WHAT'S 1420 00:56:27,480 --> 00:56:29,160 GREAT, THERE ARE SOME MAINSTREAM 1421 00:56:29,160 --> 00:56:32,080 TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE AVAILABLE 1422 00:56:32,080 --> 00:56:34,720 NOW, OTHERS COMING OUT THAT CAN 1423 00:56:34,720 --> 00:56:35,640 IMPROVE TRANSPORTATION, MAKING 1424 00:56:35,640 --> 00:56:37,040 IT POSSIBLE FOR PEOPLE WITH 1425 00:56:37,040 --> 00:56:39,000 DISABILITIES TO DRIVE OR DRIVE 1426 00:56:39,000 --> 00:56:41,560 LONGER, OLDER ADULTS TO DRIVE 1427 00:56:41,560 --> 00:56:44,960 LONGER AND DRIVE SAFER. 1428 00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:52,360 AND WE'RE WORKING ON NEW 1429 00:56:52,360 --> 00:56:53,800 UNIVERSAL DOCKING SYSTEMS AND AS 1430 00:56:53,800 --> 00:56:55,320 NEW ELECTRIC VEHICLES COME OUT 1431 00:56:55,320 --> 00:56:56,840 THEY HAVE BATTERIES IN THE 1432 00:56:56,840 --> 00:57:00,360 CHASSIS, AND SO YOU CAN'T REALLY 1433 00:57:00,360 --> 00:57:02,160 DROP THE FLOOR LIKE CURRENTLY 1434 00:57:02,160 --> 00:57:04,520 DONE, LOOKING AT NEW DESIGNS, 1435 00:57:04,520 --> 00:57:06,360 MODIFYING VEHICLES AND MODIFYING 1436 00:57:06,360 --> 00:57:07,720 WHEELCHAIRS SO THAT THESE 1437 00:57:07,720 --> 00:57:08,520 VEHICLES WILL BE ACCESSIBLE AND 1438 00:57:08,520 --> 00:57:13,880 AVAILABLE FOR USE IN THE FUTURE. 1439 00:57:13,880 --> 00:57:15,840 I THINK -- OTHER FUN THINGS WE 1440 00:57:15,840 --> 00:57:17,600 FOUND OUT, HOW DO WE EDUCATE 1441 00:57:17,600 --> 00:57:19,440 PEOPLE ABOUT HOW TO DO THIS? 1442 00:57:19,440 --> 00:57:21,880 WE'RE WORKING WITH OUR FRIENDS 1443 00:57:21,880 --> 00:57:24,600 ACROSS THE STREET AT CATHOLIC 1444 00:57:24,600 --> 00:57:28,520 UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA HERE, ON 1445 00:57:28,520 --> 00:57:31,680 DEVELOPING EDUCATIONAL BOARD 1446 00:57:31,680 --> 00:57:34,880 GAME TO TEACH OCCUPATIONAL 1447 00:57:34,880 --> 00:57:36,320 THERAPISTS AND TRANSPORTATION 1448 00:57:36,320 --> 00:57:38,720 ENGINEERS AND MAYBE CITY 1449 00:57:38,720 --> 00:57:43,320 PLANNERS HOW TO DEVELOP 1450 00:57:43,320 --> 00:57:44,120 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, SO THAT 1451 00:57:44,120 --> 00:57:46,320 THEY LEARN ABOUT BARRIERS FACED 1452 00:57:46,320 --> 00:57:50,360 BY PEOPLE, OLDER ADULTS IN 1453 00:57:50,360 --> 00:57:51,080 TRANSPORTATION. 1454 00:57:51,080 --> 00:57:53,920 I THINK I'LL SKIP THIS. 1455 00:57:53,920 --> 00:58:01,280 ♪ 1456 00:58:01,280 --> 00:58:06,560 MY RESEARCH PROJECT IS FOCUS ON 1457 00:58:06,560 --> 00:58:09,600 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND USING 1458 00:58:09,600 --> 00:58:14,960 INTERFACE OF THE ASSISTIVE 1459 00:58:14,960 --> 00:58:15,880 ROBOTIC ARM. 1460 00:58:15,880 --> 00:58:17,920 THE ROBOTIC ARM CAN BE MOUNTED 1461 00:58:17,920 --> 00:58:21,240 ON THE WHEELCHAIRS AND THAT CAN 1462 00:58:21,240 --> 00:58:24,160 ASSIST WHEELCHAIR USERS OR 1463 00:58:24,160 --> 00:58:27,800 PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES TO DO 1464 00:58:27,800 --> 00:58:30,000 SOME DAILY TASKS, USING THE 1465 00:58:30,000 --> 00:58:30,400 CONTROL INTERFACE. 1466 00:58:30,400 --> 00:58:32,840 THE REASON WE DEVELOPED THE 1467 00:58:32,840 --> 00:58:36,120 INTERFACE IS THAT WE HAVE TESTS 1468 00:58:36,120 --> 00:58:38,920 WITH CURRENT ROBOTIC ORIGINAL 1469 00:58:38,920 --> 00:58:44,000 INTERFACES, AND A LOT OF USERS 1470 00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:46,720 HAVE DIFFICULTY LEARNING THOSE 1471 00:58:46,720 --> 00:58:49,080 EITHER SOME -- MEMORIZE THE KEYS 1472 00:58:49,080 --> 00:58:52,200 OR MEMORIZE THE COMMAND OR 1473 00:58:52,200 --> 00:58:55,800 COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT KEY 1474 00:58:55,800 --> 00:58:56,240 STROKES. 1475 00:58:56,240 --> 00:58:56,760 ♪ 1476 00:58:56,760 --> 00:59:01,080 SO THE INTERFACE, WE DEVELOPED 1477 00:59:01,080 --> 00:59:03,600 KIND OF -- REDUCED FRUSTRATION 1478 00:59:03,600 --> 00:59:05,200 SO THEY CAN QUICKLY LEARN HOW TO 1479 00:59:05,200 --> 00:59:07,840 CONTROL THE ROBOT AND DO THE 1480 00:59:07,840 --> 00:59:11,040 TASK WITHIN TEN MINUTES. 1481 00:59:11,040 --> 00:59:12,600 THERE WAS ONE BATTERY. 1482 00:59:12,600 --> 00:59:16,960 LOOK AT THE ROBOT, AND HE'S 1483 00:59:16,960 --> 00:59:20,680 SO -- HE WAS SO EXCITED. 1484 00:59:20,680 --> 00:59:23,320 HE POINTED TO THE ROBOT, SAYING 1485 00:59:23,320 --> 00:59:30,760 TO THE CAREGIVER, THAT'S WHAT I 1486 00:59:30,760 --> 00:59:31,840 WANT. 1487 00:59:31,840 --> 00:59:32,760 >>WE'RE WORKING ON ROBOTS FOR 1488 00:59:32,760 --> 00:59:34,920 ALLOWING PEOPLE TO WORK IN THE 1489 00:59:34,920 --> 00:59:36,920 WORKPLACE, UP AND DOWN, SWIVEL, 1490 00:59:36,920 --> 00:59:39,960 ALLOW PEOPLE TO WORK IN 1491 00:59:39,960 --> 00:59:41,080 FULFILLMENT CENTERS. 1492 00:59:41,080 --> 00:59:42,680 IT'S PRETTY EXCITING. 1493 00:59:42,680 --> 00:59:44,760 WE DEVELOPED THESE, DID A STUDY, 1494 00:59:44,760 --> 00:59:47,080 THERE'S OVER 500 USED NOW ACROSS 1495 00:59:47,080 --> 00:59:49,680 THE UNITED STATES AT VARIOUS 1496 00:59:49,680 --> 00:59:50,120 FULFILLMENT CENTERS. 1497 00:59:50,120 --> 00:59:52,000 WHEN YOU ORDER A PACKAGE ONLINE, 1498 00:59:52,000 --> 00:59:57,720 YOU MIGHT BE USING OUR 1499 00:59:57,720 --> 01:00:00,520 TECHNOLOGY. 1500 01:00:00,520 --> 01:00:03,160 THIS IS OUR ME-BOT THAT CAN 1501 01:00:03,160 --> 01:00:04,360 CLIMB 8 INCHES. 1502 01:00:04,360 --> 01:00:07,520 THIS IS DR. KIM, A FORMER 1503 01:00:07,520 --> 01:00:11,680 GRADUATE STUDENT, NOW A 1504 01:00:11,680 --> 01:00:12,400 PROFESSOR 1505 01:00:12,400 --> 01:00:14,080 CLIMB AN 8-INCH CURB, GO AT HIGH 1506 01:00:14,080 --> 01:00:15,840 LEVEL, ALSO IF I SHOW YOU THE 1507 01:00:15,840 --> 01:00:18,800 NEXT SLIDE, SINCE I'M RUNNING 1508 01:00:18,800 --> 01:00:22,720 OUT OF TIME, IT WILL GO DOWN. 1509 01:00:22,720 --> 01:00:31,720 I WONDER IF I CAN -- A COMMON 1510 01:00:31,720 --> 01:00:32,920 PROBLEM, THEY ARE GOING DOWN THE 1511 01:00:32,920 --> 01:00:34,320 SIDEWALK, SOMEBODY WALKS IN 1512 01:00:34,320 --> 01:00:37,920 FRONT OF THEM, TWO WHEELS ON THE 1513 01:00:37,920 --> 01:00:39,000 CURB AND TWO WHEELS ON THE 1514 01:00:39,000 --> 01:00:42,080 STREET, TIP OVER AND GO TO THE 1515 01:00:42,080 --> 01:00:42,400 HOSPITAL. 1516 01:00:42,400 --> 01:00:46,440 OR THEY GO OVER UNEVEN TERRAIN. 1517 01:00:46,440 --> 01:00:48,800 WE'VE BEEN WORKING ON THAT. 1518 01:00:48,800 --> 01:00:50,840 THE SAME CHAIR TO CLIMB CURBS, 1519 01:00:50,840 --> 01:00:54,640 USE THE SAME FEATURE TO SELF 1520 01:00:54,640 --> 01:00:55,360 LEVEL. 1521 01:00:55,360 --> 01:00:57,760 LOWER PICTURE, JESSICA RIDING 1522 01:00:57,760 --> 01:00:58,880 OVER UNEVEN TERRAIN, UNEVEN 1523 01:00:58,880 --> 01:01:01,600 SIDEWALKS, BEING ABLE TO 1524 01:01:01,600 --> 01:01:03,000 MAINTAIN POSITION. 1525 01:01:03,000 --> 01:01:06,000 WE CAN DO 8 INCHES. 1526 01:01:06,000 --> 01:01:07,600 THIS IS A LITTLE BIT OLDER 1527 01:01:07,600 --> 01:01:10,040 VERSION. 1528 01:01:10,040 --> 01:01:13,600 WE HAVE A NEWER VERSION USING 1529 01:01:13,600 --> 01:01:15,800 ACTUATORS, FORE/AFT AS WELL. 1530 01:01:15,800 --> 01:01:21,840 PEOPLE SAY IT'S LIKE RIDING ON A 1531 01:01:21,840 --> 01:01:23,240 MAGIC CARPET. 1532 01:01:23,240 --> 01:01:24,760 WE'RE WORKING ON ALTERNATIVE 1533 01:01:24,760 --> 01:01:28,480 POWER SOURCES, TALKED AT LUNCH 1534 01:01:28,480 --> 01:01:30,840 TODAY ABOUT SUPER CAPACITORS AND 1535 01:01:30,840 --> 01:01:33,320 OTHERS TYPES OF BATTERIES. 1536 01:01:33,320 --> 01:01:36,720 ♪ 1537 01:01:36,720 --> 01:01:40,960 >>BEING IN A POWER WHEELCHAIR 1538 01:01:40,960 --> 01:01:46,360 MAKES IT MORE DIFFICULT, THEY 1539 01:01:46,360 --> 01:01:47,680 RUN ON ELECTRICITY, CONTACT WITH 1540 01:01:47,680 --> 01:01:48,400 WATER CAN BE SHOCKING. 1541 01:01:48,400 --> 01:01:52,040 HOW DO YOU BUILD A WATER PARK 1542 01:01:52,040 --> 01:01:54,200 THAT KIDS CAN ENJOY? 1543 01:01:54,200 --> 01:01:56,040 GORDON RUNS THE FIRST ACCESSIBLE 1544 01:01:56,040 --> 01:01:58,880 THEME PARK IN SAN ANTONIO. 1545 01:01:58,880 --> 01:02:02,040 >>WE HAD TO COME UP WITH A 1546 01:02:02,040 --> 01:02:03,240 WHEELCHAIR THAT WOULD ALLOW FOR 1547 01:02:03,240 --> 01:02:06,080 IT TO GET WET AND STILL MOVE 1548 01:02:06,080 --> 01:02:08,000 ABOUT THROUGH USE OF SOMEONE'S 1549 01:02:08,000 --> 01:02:09,880 ABILITY TO USE A JOY STICK. 1550 01:02:09,880 --> 01:02:12,400 >>HE DISCOVERED THE WORK OF DR. 1551 01:02:12,400 --> 01:02:13,360 RORY COOPER, UNIVERSITY OF 1552 01:02:13,360 --> 01:02:19,960 PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF HEALTH, 1553 01:02:19,960 --> 01:02:22,720 RENOWNED FOR PATENTS FOR 1554 01:02:22,720 --> 01:02:23,040 INDEPENDENCE. 1555 01:02:23,040 --> 01:02:24,800 >>THAT'S THE KIND OF 1556 01:02:24,800 --> 01:02:26,800 EXPERIENCES WE WANT KIDS TO HAVE 1557 01:02:26,800 --> 01:02:30,440 SO THEY GROW UP AND DON'T HAVE 1558 01:02:30,440 --> 01:02:31,040 THOSE PRODUCTS. 1559 01:02:31,040 --> 01:02:32,880 >>BRANDON, A GRADUATE STUDENT 1560 01:02:32,880 --> 01:02:36,080 AT PITT SCHOOL, IS A RESEARCH 1561 01:02:36,080 --> 01:02:37,040 STUDYING UNDER RORY COOPER. 1562 01:02:37,040 --> 01:02:39,880 TEAM WORKS OUT OF HUMAN 1563 01:02:39,880 --> 01:02:40,480 ENGINEERINGS LABORATORIES, 1564 01:02:40,480 --> 01:02:43,120 MODELED AND BUILT THE NEW CHAIR, 1565 01:02:43,120 --> 01:02:46,240 MAKES A CHALLENGING TRIP TO THE 1566 01:02:46,240 --> 01:02:48,280 WATER PARK, WELL, FUN. 1567 01:02:48,280 --> 01:02:52,360 >>I LIKE TO HAVE THE FREEDOM TO 1568 01:02:52,360 --> 01:02:52,640 RUN AROUND. 1569 01:02:52,640 --> 01:02:54,440 >>IT'S REWARDING TO SEE HOW HE 1570 01:02:54,440 --> 01:02:56,680 LIT UP AND THE ENJOYMENT HE GOT 1571 01:02:56,680 --> 01:02:59,040 OUT OF GOING THROUGH THE 1572 01:02:59,040 --> 01:02:59,680 SPRINKLERS AND THE WATER. 1573 01:02:59,680 --> 01:03:01,560 >>HE WANTS TO BE INDEPENDENT. 1574 01:03:01,560 --> 01:03:04,400 FRANKLY WE LET HIM GO FOR 30 1575 01:03:04,400 --> 01:03:09,080 MINUTES BY HIMSELF, AND THAT'S 1576 01:03:09,080 --> 01:03:09,680 WHAT HE WANTS. 1577 01:03:09,680 --> 01:03:18,640 >>SO I'M GOING TO MOVE ON. 1578 01:03:18,640 --> 01:03:20,160 HAPPY FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE 1579 01:03:20,160 --> 01:03:25,120 HERE AND HAPPY TO ENTERTAIN ANY 1580 01:03:25,120 --> 01:03:25,480 QUESTIONS. 1581 01:03:25,480 --> 01:03:25,760 [APPLAUSE] 1582 01:03:25,760 --> 01:03:27,160 >>ANYONE HERE IS FREE TO USE 1583 01:03:27,160 --> 01:03:28,000 THE MICROPHONES. 1584 01:03:28,000 --> 01:03:29,280 THERE'S SEVERAL QUESTIONS 1585 01:03:29,280 --> 01:03:29,840 ONLINE. 1586 01:03:29,840 --> 01:03:31,640 I'LL TRY TO COMBINE THEM, 1587 01:03:31,640 --> 01:03:33,320 THERE'S SEVERAL THEMES. 1588 01:03:33,320 --> 01:03:36,760 ONE THEME IS YOU HAVE A PLETHORA 1589 01:03:36,760 --> 01:03:37,680 OF USEFUL IDEAS. 1590 01:03:37,680 --> 01:03:39,840 CAN YOU SPEAK ABOUT HOW YOUR LAB 1591 01:03:39,840 --> 01:03:42,160 WORKS, HOW ARE THESE IDEAS 1592 01:03:42,160 --> 01:03:44,320 GENERATED, HOW THE PROJECTS 1593 01:03:44,320 --> 01:03:45,640 ORIGINATED AND TESTED, YOU GAVE 1594 01:03:45,640 --> 01:03:47,560 A HINT ABOUT THAT, THEY ARE NOT 1595 01:03:47,560 --> 01:03:49,280 ORIGINATING FROM YOU, I THINK 1596 01:03:49,280 --> 01:03:52,360 YOU GET PEOPLE ASKING YOU TO DO 1597 01:03:52,360 --> 01:03:52,640 SOMETHING. 1598 01:03:52,640 --> 01:03:53,760 >>RIGHT. 1599 01:03:53,760 --> 01:03:57,200 OUR IDEAS ARE GENERATED BY ENDS 1600 01:03:57,200 --> 01:03:58,080 USERS AND CLINICIANS. 1601 01:03:58,080 --> 01:04:00,360 AND WE DO THAT BY SURVEYING THEM 1602 01:04:00,360 --> 01:04:02,120 AND DOING FOCUS GROUPS. 1603 01:04:02,120 --> 01:04:08,560 WE ALSO WILL TAKE UNSOLICITED 1604 01:04:08,560 --> 01:04:09,960 IDEAS, AND THEN CLINICIANS SEE 1605 01:04:09,960 --> 01:04:10,840 CHALLENGES PEOPLE FACE. 1606 01:04:10,840 --> 01:04:13,840 I CALL IT THE AREA UNDER THE 1607 01:04:13,840 --> 01:04:15,520 IMPACT CURVE METHOD, FOR 1608 01:04:15,520 --> 01:04:17,240 SELECTING WHICH PROJECTS WE WILL 1609 01:04:17,240 --> 01:04:19,040 FOCUS ON WORKING ON. 1610 01:04:19,040 --> 01:04:21,560 WHAT I MEAN IS IF THERE'S A 1611 01:04:21,560 --> 01:04:23,880 LARGE -- IS A SMALL NUMBER OF 1612 01:04:23,880 --> 01:04:25,120 PEOPLE WITH A SMALL IMPACT ON 1613 01:04:25,120 --> 01:04:27,720 THEIR LIFE, THAT AREA CAN BE 1614 01:04:27,720 --> 01:04:29,040 FAIRLY LARGE, OR A LARGE NUMBER 1615 01:04:29,040 --> 01:04:30,360 OF PEOPLE THAT THE IMPACT MIGHT 1616 01:04:30,360 --> 01:04:31,960 NOT BE AS GREAT, THAT AREA UNDER 1617 01:04:31,960 --> 01:04:33,160 THE CURVE IS ALSO LARGE. 1618 01:04:33,160 --> 01:04:36,160 THOSE ARE THE TYPES OF PROJECTS 1619 01:04:36,160 --> 01:04:38,120 WE WOULD LOOK AT. 1620 01:04:38,120 --> 01:04:40,400 >>A QUESTION ABOUT YOUR LAB, 1621 01:04:40,400 --> 01:04:41,720 PERSONNEL AT YOUR STAFF. 1622 01:04:41,720 --> 01:04:44,360 CAN YOU DISCUSS THE SIZE OF YOUR 1623 01:04:44,360 --> 01:04:46,440 LAB, HOW DO YOU ACTIVELY RECRUIT 1624 01:04:46,440 --> 01:04:48,840 STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES OR DO 1625 01:04:48,840 --> 01:04:50,880 THEY FIND YOU? 1626 01:04:50,880 --> 01:04:55,640 WE AT THE NHR ARE EAGER TO 1627 01:04:55,640 --> 01:04:57,840 IMPROVE DIVERSITY OF STAFF, WHAT 1628 01:04:57,840 --> 01:05:01,080 TIPS DO YOU HAVE TO RECRUIT AND 1629 01:05:01,080 --> 01:05:01,880 RETAIN? 1630 01:05:01,880 --> 01:05:02,280 >>GREAT QUESTION. 1631 01:05:02,280 --> 01:05:05,160 THERE ARE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE IN OUR 1632 01:05:05,160 --> 01:05:05,320 LAB. 1633 01:05:05,320 --> 01:05:08,200 WE'RE ABOUT 28,000 SQUARE FEET. 1634 01:05:08,200 --> 01:05:14,760 LOOKING TO GROW TO 35,000 SQUARE 1635 01:05:14,760 --> 01:05:14,960 FEET. 1636 01:05:14,960 --> 01:05:18,040 AND WE STARTED RECRUITING PEOPLE 1637 01:05:18,040 --> 01:05:21,120 WITH DISABILITIES 30 YEARS AGO. 1638 01:05:21,120 --> 01:05:23,480 I GUESS THERE'S A COUNTRY SONG, 1639 01:05:23,480 --> 01:05:28,720 I WAS COUNTRY BEFORE COUNTRY WAS 1640 01:05:28,720 --> 01:05:28,920 COOL. 1641 01:05:28,920 --> 01:05:29,160 >>YEAH. 1642 01:05:29,160 --> 01:05:32,080 >>BUT, YOU KNOW, THERE'S TWO 1643 01:05:32,080 --> 01:05:32,600 THINGS. 1644 01:05:32,600 --> 01:05:35,440 WE ACTIVELY RECRUIT. 1645 01:05:35,440 --> 01:05:36,800 WE HAVE AN ENTIRE TEAM 1646 01:05:36,800 --> 01:05:39,200 RESPONSIBLE FOR THAT. 1647 01:05:39,200 --> 01:05:41,080 RUN BY ROSIE, STAKEHOLDER 1648 01:05:41,080 --> 01:05:42,680 ENGAGEMENT TEAM, INCLUDING BOTH 1649 01:05:42,680 --> 01:05:44,560 PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND 1650 01:05:44,560 --> 01:05:44,920 VETERANS. 1651 01:05:44,920 --> 01:05:47,040 AND THEY -- WE GET ENGAGED IN 1652 01:05:47,040 --> 01:05:49,000 THE COMMUNITY. 1653 01:05:49,000 --> 01:05:51,640 WE PARTICIPATE IN THE EVENTS BY 1654 01:05:51,640 --> 01:05:53,840 ORGANIZATIONS FOR PEOPLE WITH 1655 01:05:53,840 --> 01:05:55,240 DISABILITIES, OF PEOPLE WITH 1656 01:05:55,240 --> 01:05:57,120 DISABILITIES, GO TO NATIONAL 1657 01:05:57,120 --> 01:05:59,200 MEETINGS WHERE THEY ARE. 1658 01:05:59,200 --> 01:06:03,800 AND THEN WE -- WE PROVIDE HIGH 1659 01:06:03,800 --> 01:06:06,520 SCHOOL INTERNSHIPS, 1660 01:06:06,520 --> 01:06:11,160 UNDERGRADUATE INTERNSHIPS, 1661 01:06:11,160 --> 01:06:14,760 COLLEGE INTERNSHIPS, STIPENDS 1662 01:06:14,760 --> 01:06:15,640 FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS, POSTDOCS 1663 01:06:15,640 --> 01:06:16,840 AND EARLY FAMILY. 1664 01:06:16,840 --> 01:06:18,800 IT'S GOTTEN EASIER OVER TIME, 1665 01:06:18,800 --> 01:06:20,200 PEOPLE KNOW WE'RE A FRIENDLY 1666 01:06:20,200 --> 01:06:22,480 PLACE FOR THEM TO WORK. 1667 01:06:22,480 --> 01:06:25,960 THE OTHER THING WE'VE DONE IS 1668 01:06:25,960 --> 01:06:27,480 OUR FACILITIES ARE ACCESSIBLE. 1669 01:06:27,480 --> 01:06:32,520 SO WE HAVE LARGER HALLWAYS, FULL 1670 01:06:32,520 --> 01:06:34,080 SPECTRUM LIGHTING. 1671 01:06:34,080 --> 01:06:36,440 WE PROVIDE -- WE GO BEYOND 1672 01:06:36,440 --> 01:06:36,800 ACCOMMODATIONS. 1673 01:06:36,800 --> 01:06:39,880 WE DON'T LOOK AT WHAT ADA 1674 01:06:39,880 --> 01:06:40,640 STANDARDS ARE. 1675 01:06:40,640 --> 01:06:44,040 WE LEAK AT WHAT PEOPLE -- LOOK 1676 01:06:44,040 --> 01:06:46,640 AT WHAT PEOPLE NEED TO BE 1677 01:06:46,640 --> 01:06:47,160 PRODUCTIVE TEAMMATES. 1678 01:06:47,160 --> 01:06:48,960 >>SUCH WONDERFUL WORK. 1679 01:06:48,960 --> 01:06:49,920 A FEW MONTHS AGO THE "NEW YORK 1680 01:06:49,920 --> 01:06:51,800 TIMES" WROTE ABOUT HOW MANY 1681 01:06:51,800 --> 01:06:54,240 DOCTORS' OFFICES ARE NOT 1682 01:06:54,240 --> 01:06:55,520 ACCESSIBLE, MANY DON'T WANT TO 1683 01:06:55,520 --> 01:06:58,240 DEAL WITH THE EXPENSE OF BETTER 1684 01:06:58,240 --> 01:06:58,600 ACCESSIBILITY. 1685 01:06:58,600 --> 01:07:00,680 ARE YOU WORKING WITH THE 1686 01:07:00,680 --> 01:07:03,720 HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN THIS 1687 01:07:03,720 --> 01:07:04,000 REGARD? 1688 01:07:04,000 --> 01:07:09,000 >>WE ARE TO SOME EXTENT, LIKE 1689 01:07:09,000 --> 01:07:10,640 THE BEN ISCHA. 1690 01:07:10,640 --> 01:07:11,480 >>THAT'S WHAT GENERATED. 1691 01:07:11,480 --> 01:07:14,360 >>A GOOD EXAMPLE, A WIN-WIN FOR 1692 01:07:14,360 --> 01:07:16,600 THEM BECAUSE THEY NOT ONLY 1693 01:07:16,600 --> 01:07:17,720 REDUCES AMOUNT OF STAFF NEEDED 1694 01:07:17,720 --> 01:07:20,800 TO GO FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER 1695 01:07:20,800 --> 01:07:24,560 TO HELP WITH TRANSFERS, SHOULD 1696 01:07:24,560 --> 01:07:25,320 REDUCE WORKERS' COMPENSATION 1697 01:07:25,320 --> 01:07:29,160 COSTS DUE TO INJURIES TO STAFF 1698 01:07:29,160 --> 01:07:34,280 FROM HAVING TO PERFORM AWKWARD 1699 01:07:34,280 --> 01:07:34,920 TRANSFERS. 1700 01:07:34,920 --> 01:07:37,000 SO, LOT OF TELEHEALTH TECHNOLOGY 1701 01:07:37,000 --> 01:07:38,120 EXTENDS WORK OF CLINICIANS, 1702 01:07:38,120 --> 01:07:41,080 INSTEAD OF A PERSON COMING TO 1703 01:07:41,080 --> 01:07:43,280 THE DOCTOR'S OFFICE, MENTIONED 1704 01:07:43,280 --> 01:07:44,320 TRANSPORTATION IS A BARRIER FOR 1705 01:07:44,320 --> 01:07:46,120 LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE, YOU CAN 1706 01:07:46,120 --> 01:07:49,280 BRING THE HEALTH CARE TO THE 1707 01:07:49,280 --> 01:07:53,040 PERSON, MAYBE DOING MORE 1708 01:07:53,040 --> 01:07:53,880 EFFECTIVELY IN HOME SETTINGS. 1709 01:07:53,880 --> 01:07:56,200 I THINK THE TREND IN THE FUTURE 1710 01:07:56,200 --> 01:07:57,520 WILL BE MORE OUTPATIENT CARE IN 1711 01:07:57,520 --> 01:07:58,920 THE HOME SETTING AND HOME AND 1712 01:07:58,920 --> 01:08:00,120 COMMUNITY SETTING. 1713 01:08:00,120 --> 01:08:01,080 WE'LL HAVE TO DEVELOP 1714 01:08:01,080 --> 01:08:05,480 TECHNOLOGIES WHERE WE CAN ASSESS 1715 01:08:05,480 --> 01:08:07,120 PROGRESS AND PROVIDE ONGOING 1716 01:08:07,120 --> 01:08:09,120 TRAINING IN HOME COMMUNITY 1717 01:08:09,120 --> 01:08:10,120 SETTINGS. 1718 01:08:10,120 --> 01:08:11,520 SO THE OTHER THING THAT'S 1719 01:08:11,520 --> 01:08:13,640 IMPORTANT TO MENTION IS THAT 1720 01:08:13,640 --> 01:08:17,960 WE'RE ENGINEERS, P.T.s, 1721 01:08:17,960 --> 01:08:20,160 O.T.s, COUNSELORS, PHYSICIANS. 1722 01:08:20,160 --> 01:08:21,520 SO DATA SCIENTISTS. 1723 01:08:21,520 --> 01:08:25,240 EVEN A COUPLE LAWYERS, ALL 1724 01:08:25,240 --> 01:08:29,080 WORKING TOGETHER, LARGER PATENT 1725 01:08:29,080 --> 01:08:29,480 LAWYERS. 1726 01:08:29,480 --> 01:08:32,280 SO TO TRANSFER OUR KNOWLEDGE 1727 01:08:32,280 --> 01:08:34,320 INTO THE CLINICAL SETTING. 1728 01:08:34,320 --> 01:08:35,560 AND VICE VERSA. 1729 01:08:35,560 --> 01:08:37,720 WE DEVELOPED INTO THE CLINICAL 1730 01:08:37,720 --> 01:08:39,440 SETTING, BARRIERS THEY SEE IN 1731 01:08:39,440 --> 01:08:43,080 THE CLINICAL SETTING, TRANSFER 1732 01:08:43,080 --> 01:08:44,080 TO US. 1733 01:08:44,080 --> 01:08:47,560 AND FORTUNATELY WE'VE HAD PRETTY 1734 01:08:47,560 --> 01:08:49,480 GOOD INFLUENCE ON UPMC HEALTH 1735 01:08:49,480 --> 01:08:51,400 CARE SYSTEM, OUR AFFILIATED 1736 01:08:51,400 --> 01:08:57,520 SYSTEM, WITH ADULT CHANGING 1737 01:08:57,520 --> 01:08:59,080 TABLES, HIGH-LOW TABLES, ADDING, 1738 01:08:59,080 --> 01:09:02,440 YOU KNOW, FAMILY BATHROOMS, 1739 01:09:02,440 --> 01:09:03,400 WHICH BENEFIT ACTUALLY LARGER 1740 01:09:03,400 --> 01:09:07,600 POPULATIONS THAN YOU MIGHT 1741 01:09:07,600 --> 01:09:08,440 THINK. 1742 01:09:08,440 --> 01:09:11,400 ACTUALLY, WE HAVEN'T 1743 01:09:11,400 --> 01:09:12,200 SYSTEMATICALLY STUDIED BUT 1744 01:09:12,200 --> 01:09:14,880 ANECDOTALLY ALMOST EVERYBODY 1745 01:09:14,880 --> 01:09:17,000 PREFERS THOSE FACILITIES THAN 1746 01:09:17,000 --> 01:09:18,080 THE ONES TYPICALLY PROVIDED. 1747 01:09:18,080 --> 01:09:19,720 THERE'S SOME COOL THINGS IN 1748 01:09:19,720 --> 01:09:20,480 EUROPE. 1749 01:09:20,480 --> 01:09:21,680 I SHOWED YOU THE ROBOTIC ARM, 1750 01:09:21,680 --> 01:09:24,440 COVERED BY THE V.A., COVERED BY 1751 01:09:24,440 --> 01:09:25,520 MOST GERMAN INSURANCE COMPANIES 1752 01:09:25,520 --> 01:09:25,880 NOW. 1753 01:09:25,880 --> 01:09:27,400 WHICH IS REALLY COOL. 1754 01:09:27,400 --> 01:09:29,960 BUT ALSO EUROPE HAS PASSED A 1755 01:09:29,960 --> 01:09:31,920 LAW, FOR EXAMPLE, BATHROOMS HAVE 1756 01:09:31,920 --> 01:09:34,920 TO HAVE REAL WALLS AND REAL 1757 01:09:34,920 --> 01:09:42,000 STALLS BETWEEN DOORS. 1758 01:09:42,000 --> 01:09:44,160 AND THEN THROUGH THAT, THEY CAN 1759 01:09:44,160 --> 01:09:45,840 HAVE AN ACCESSIBLE BATHROOM 1760 01:09:45,840 --> 01:09:47,360 WITHIN A REGULAR BATHROOM, AND 1761 01:09:47,360 --> 01:09:49,480 THEY OF COURSE HAVE FAMILY 1762 01:09:49,480 --> 01:09:51,960 BATHROOMS WHICH BENEFIT PEOPLE 1763 01:09:51,960 --> 01:09:54,680 WITH CHILDREN AND OTHER PEOPLE 1764 01:09:54,680 --> 01:09:56,240 THAT HAVE OF NEED ASSISTANCE, 1765 01:09:56,240 --> 01:09:58,400 NOT JUST PEOPLE WITH 1766 01:09:58,400 --> 01:09:59,520 DISABILITIES, SO THAT'S 1767 01:09:59,520 --> 01:10:00,720 UNIVERSAL DESIGN TRYING TO WORK 1768 01:10:00,720 --> 01:10:03,120 WITH THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. 1769 01:10:03,120 --> 01:10:07,760 WE'RE FORTUNATE OUR HEALTH CARE 1770 01:10:07,760 --> 01:10:10,560 SYSTEM HAS RECOGNIZED THE 1771 01:10:10,560 --> 01:10:12,200 BENEFIT, ALSO TO THEIR EMPLOYEE 1772 01:10:12,200 --> 01:10:15,000 WORKFORCE, TO THE PEOPLE THEY 1773 01:10:15,000 --> 01:10:15,960 PROVIDE CARE TO. 1774 01:10:15,960 --> 01:10:18,080 >>LET ME CLOSE WITH MORE OF A 1775 01:10:18,080 --> 01:10:19,600 COMMENT, THAT CAME IN EARLY BUT 1776 01:10:19,600 --> 01:10:22,600 DOUBLES DOWN ON WHAT YOU JUST 1777 01:10:22,600 --> 01:10:23,240 SAID. 1778 01:10:23,240 --> 01:10:24,320 SHARING MY THOUGHTS, I FEEL 1779 01:10:24,320 --> 01:10:26,160 THERE ARE NO CLEAR BOUNDARIES 1780 01:10:26,160 --> 01:10:28,480 BETWEEN HAVING A DISABILITY OR 1781 01:10:28,480 --> 01:10:29,760 NOT, AND SHE EXPLAINS A FEW 1782 01:10:29,760 --> 01:10:30,200 THINGS. 1783 01:10:30,200 --> 01:10:32,240 I THINK YOUR RESEARCH CAN 1784 01:10:32,240 --> 01:10:33,320 BENEFIT ANYONE REGARDLESS OF THE 1785 01:10:33,320 --> 01:10:34,480 PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF 1786 01:10:34,480 --> 01:10:36,360 DISABILITY AT ANY GIVEN MOMENT, 1787 01:10:36,360 --> 01:10:37,880 LIKE THE THINGS YOU'RE 1788 01:10:37,880 --> 01:10:39,200 DESCRIBING, PEOPLE PREFER SOME 1789 01:10:39,200 --> 01:10:41,800 OF THESE CONVENIENCES THAT 1790 01:10:41,800 --> 01:10:42,160 YOU'VE CREATED. 1791 01:10:42,160 --> 01:10:43,000 >>EXACTLY RIGHT. 1792 01:10:43,000 --> 01:10:44,880 I'M OF THE PHILOSOPHY THAT 1793 01:10:44,880 --> 01:10:45,840 EVERYBODY DEVELOPS A DISABILITY 1794 01:10:45,840 --> 01:10:47,800 AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIFE. 1795 01:10:47,800 --> 01:10:48,080 >>RIGHT. 1796 01:10:48,080 --> 01:10:50,840 >>MAYBE ONLY THE LAST FEW 1797 01:10:50,840 --> 01:10:54,040 SECONDS OF LIFE AND SO MAYBE AT 1798 01:10:54,040 --> 01:10:56,600 BIRTH, BUT WE ALL HAVE 1799 01:10:56,600 --> 01:10:56,920 DISABILITIES. 1800 01:10:56,920 --> 01:10:59,520 AND SO IF YOU THINK ABOUT THIS 1801 01:10:59,520 --> 01:11:00,360 UNIVERSAL DESIGN APPROACH, HOW 1802 01:11:00,360 --> 01:11:03,360 DO WE MAKE THE WORLD A BETTER 1803 01:11:03,360 --> 01:11:04,920 PLACE FOR EVERYONE. 1804 01:11:04,920 --> 01:11:06,120 >>CLOSING COMMENT? 1805 01:11:06,120 --> 01:11:09,960 PUT YOU ON THE SPOT. 1806 01:11:09,960 --> 01:11:13,360 >>SO, THANK YOU, DR. COOPER, 1807 01:11:13,360 --> 01:11:14,880 FOR THE TALK AND, YEAH, IF 1808 01:11:14,880 --> 01:11:16,000 ANYONE HAS ANY OTHER COMMENTS WE 1809 01:11:16,000 --> 01:11:20,320 HAVE A FEW MINUTES TO CHAT IN 1810 01:11:20,320 --> 01:11:21,800 LIPSETT AS WELL. 1811 01:11:21,800 --> 01:11:22,800 >>THANK YOU FOR THE 1812 01:11:22,800 --> 01:11:23,800 OPPORTUNITY, WONDERFUL TO BE 1813 01:11:23,800 --> 01:11:24,320 BACK HERE IN PERSON. 1814 01:11:24,320 --> 01:11:40,520 [APPLAUSE]