1 00:00:10,780 --> 00:00:12,315 >> THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. 2 00:00:12,315 --> 00:00:14,217 WE HAVE A NICE CROWD IN THE 3 00:00:14,217 --> 00:00:14,751 ROOM FOR THIS CONCURRENT 4 00:00:14,751 --> 00:00:17,654 SESSION. 5 00:00:17,654 --> 00:00:19,689 ON THE MOBILE TOOLBOX. 6 00:00:19,689 --> 00:00:21,090 WE HAVE FOUR SPEAKERS. THE 7 00:00:21,090 --> 00:00:23,226 FORMAT WILL BE THAT EACH 8 00:00:23,226 --> 00:00:24,360 SPEAKER HAS TEN MINUTES FOR 9 00:00:24,360 --> 00:00:25,461 THEIR TALK. 10 00:00:25,461 --> 00:00:26,963 THERE WILL NOT BE QUESTIONS AT 11 00:00:26,963 --> 00:00:28,665 THE END OF EACH TALK. 12 00:00:28,665 --> 00:00:30,600 BUT THEN AT THE END OF THE FOUR 13 00:00:30,600 --> 00:00:32,635 TALKS THE SPEAKERS ARE GOING TO 14 00:00:32,635 --> 00:00:34,037 ASSEMBLE ON STAGE HERE AND THEN 15 00:00:34,037 --> 00:00:35,972 WE WILL HAVE SOME OPPORTUNITY 16 00:00:35,972 --> 00:00:37,874 FOR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 17 00:00:37,874 --> 00:00:41,077 FOR THOSE WHO ARE HERE IN THE 18 00:00:41,077 --> 00:00:42,512 ROOM, THERE'S A MICROPHONE. 19 00:00:42,512 --> 00:00:45,548 AS YOU CAN SEE SORT OF HERE ON 20 00:00:45,548 --> 00:00:47,050 THE STAGE LEVEL RIGHT AT THE 21 00:00:47,050 --> 00:00:48,384 BOTTOM OF THE STEPS. 22 00:00:48,384 --> 00:00:49,886 IF YOU WOULD, PLEASE COME TO 23 00:00:49,886 --> 00:00:51,788 THE MICROPHONE TO ASK YOUR 24 00:00:51,788 --> 00:00:52,055 QUESTION. 25 00:00:52,055 --> 00:00:53,256 THE REASON IS BECAUSE WE DO 26 00:00:53,256 --> 00:00:55,224 HAVE PEOPLE WHO ARE ATTENDING 27 00:00:55,224 --> 00:00:57,594 VIRTUALLY, AS WELL AS THE FACT 28 00:00:57,594 --> 00:01:00,730 THIS IS BEING VIDEOCAST BY NIH 29 00:01:00,730 --> 00:01:02,332 AND WILL BE ARCHIVED FOR PEOPLE 30 00:01:02,332 --> 00:01:03,600 TO BE ABLE TO ACCESS IN THE 31 00:01:03,600 --> 00:01:05,068 FUTURE. 32 00:01:05,068 --> 00:01:06,603 AND SO IT'S IMPORTANT THAT WE 33 00:01:06,603 --> 00:01:15,545 ARE ABLE TO HEAR THE QUESTIONS 34 00:01:15,545 --> 00:01:16,980 AND THEREFORE THE ANSWERS. 35 00:01:16,980 --> 00:01:18,414 IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND DO THAT, 36 00:01:18,414 --> 00:01:19,716 WE APPRECIATE IT. 37 00:01:19,716 --> 00:01:21,351 ALL RIGHT, YOU ARE GETTING ME 38 00:01:21,351 --> 00:01:22,819 AGAIN TODAY. 39 00:01:22,819 --> 00:01:26,389 SUPPOSED TO BE MELISSA TREVINO, 40 00:01:26,389 --> 00:01:28,257 SHE WAS UNABLE TO BE HERE SO I 41 00:01:28,257 --> 00:01:29,158 WILL BE THE MODERATOR FOR THIS 42 00:01:29,158 --> 00:01:30,526 SESSION. 43 00:01:30,526 --> 00:01:33,563 JUST TO GO AHEAD AND GET 44 00:01:33,563 --> 00:01:38,201 STARTED, OUR FIRST SPEAKER IS 45 00:01:38,201 --> 00:01:39,736 LIHUA YAO. 46 00:01:39,736 --> 00:01:41,738 HOW IN THE WORLD COULD I MESS 47 00:01:41,738 --> 00:01:45,441 UP YOUR NAME? 48 00:01:45,441 --> 00:01:46,442 LIHUA YAO FROM NORTHWESTERN 49 00:01:46,442 --> 00:01:47,410 UNIVERSITY. 50 00:01:47,410 --> 00:01:54,984 SHE WILL BE PRESENTING ON 51 00:01:54,984 --> 00:01:55,985 MOBILE TOOLBOX, COGNITIVE 52 00:01:55,985 --> 00:01:57,787 TESTS, VALIDITY AND RHODE 53 00:01:57,787 --> 00:02:05,461 ISLAND -- RELIABILITY IN 54 00:02:05,461 --> 00:02:09,032 THREE SAMPLES. 55 00:02:09,032 --> 00:02:10,066 >> LIHUA YAO: THANK YOU FOR 56 00:02:10,066 --> 00:02:10,967 COMING. 57 00:02:10,967 --> 00:02:13,236 MY NAME IS LIHUA YAO FROM 58 00:02:13,236 --> 00:02:15,605 NORTHWESTERN. 59 00:02:15,605 --> 00:02:21,277 AND THIS MORNING YOU ALREADY 60 00:02:21,277 --> 00:02:25,248 HAVE, I THINK, LARGER -- 61 00:02:25,248 --> 00:02:30,853 HOPEFULLY THIS SESSION IS -- 62 00:02:30,853 --> 00:02:32,455 YOU MET PROFESSOR DORIN ALREADY 63 00:02:32,455 --> 00:02:34,991 TALKED TO YOU ABOUT MOBILE 64 00:02:34,991 --> 00:02:38,327 TOOLBOX SO IT MAKES MY LIFE 65 00:02:38,327 --> 00:02:39,529 MUCH EASIER. 66 00:02:39,529 --> 00:02:41,230 I WILL TALK ABOUT MOBILE 67 00:02:41,230 --> 00:02:44,500 TOOLBOX AND WHAT THE GROUP HAS 68 00:02:44,500 --> 00:02:46,202 BEEN DOING REGARDING 69 00:02:46,202 --> 00:02:48,938 RELIABILITY, VALIDITY AND 70 00:02:48,938 --> 00:02:50,373 INTERNAL CONSISTENCY THROUGH 71 00:02:50,373 --> 00:02:53,476 SEE SAMPLES. 72 00:02:53,476 --> 00:02:56,112 MY PRESENTATION WILL HAVE 73 00:02:56,112 --> 00:02:58,614 BACKGROUND MESSAGE, RESEARCH 74 00:02:58,614 --> 00:02:59,649 DESIGN, RESULTS, INCLUSION, 75 00:02:59,649 --> 00:03:00,983 DISCUSSION, AT THE END. 76 00:03:00,983 --> 00:03:08,024 I THINK FROM YOUR MORNING 77 00:03:08,024 --> 00:03:09,826 ATTENDING FROM DR. DORIN, THE 78 00:03:09,826 --> 00:03:11,761 SCREEN SHOT MAY NOT BE 79 00:03:11,761 --> 00:03:13,096 NECESSARY BUT I PREPARED THEM 80 00:03:13,096 --> 00:03:15,298 JUST IN CASE BECAUSE WE ALREADY 81 00:03:15,298 --> 00:03:16,165 SHOWED YOU WHAT EACH TEST IS 82 00:03:16,165 --> 00:03:20,770 ABOUT. 83 00:03:20,770 --> 00:03:24,607 SO MOBILE TOOLBOX IS APP-BASED 84 00:03:24,607 --> 00:03:29,445 AND YOU CAN SELF-CONDUCT IT, 85 00:03:29,445 --> 00:03:30,046 REMOTELY, THROUGH INDIVIDUAL 86 00:03:30,046 --> 00:03:30,747 SMARTPHONE. 87 00:03:30,747 --> 00:03:33,983 AND THERE ARE EIGHT ASSESSMENTS 88 00:03:33,983 --> 00:03:41,858 THAT MEASURE LANGUAGE, WORKING 89 00:03:41,858 --> 00:03:43,159 MEMORY, EPISODIC MEMORY, 90 00:03:43,159 --> 00:03:43,926 EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND 91 00:03:43,926 --> 00:03:48,331 PROCESSING SPEED. 92 00:03:48,331 --> 00:03:52,702 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND TYPE IN 93 00:03:52,702 --> 00:03:55,238 THE WORD WHAT YOU DID HEAR. 94 00:03:55,238 --> 00:03:56,539 FOR THE ASSESSMENT YOU GOT TO 95 00:03:56,539 --> 00:03:59,175 SEE HOW IS THE TEST COMPARING 96 00:03:59,175 --> 00:04:01,010 TO THE OTHER WITH SIMILAR 97 00:04:01,010 --> 00:04:02,712 CONSTRUCT TESTS. 98 00:04:02,712 --> 00:04:04,180 YOU GOT TO COMPARE WITH OTHER 99 00:04:04,180 --> 00:04:05,214 STANDARD TESTS. 100 00:04:05,214 --> 00:04:10,386 SO THE SAME THING HERE, WE USED 101 00:04:10,386 --> 00:04:14,290 SAMPLE ONE WITH 92 ADULTS, AGE 102 00:04:14,290 --> 00:04:14,490 20-84. 103 00:04:14,490 --> 00:04:19,929 WE WILL LOOK AT THEIR VALIDITY 104 00:04:19,929 --> 00:04:21,697 USING THIS TOOLBOX. 105 00:04:21,697 --> 00:04:26,135 THE GOLD MEASURE WE HAVE IS 106 00:04:26,135 --> 00:04:27,837 NIHTB V3, SO THE INDIVIDUALS 107 00:04:27,837 --> 00:04:30,173 WERE GIVEN THIS TEST FIRST AND 108 00:04:30,173 --> 00:04:31,607 ALSO OTHER GOLD STANDARD. 109 00:04:31,607 --> 00:04:33,009 LATER WILL SEE THE TABLE, LOOK 110 00:04:33,009 --> 00:04:35,444 AT THE RESULT AND YOU CAN SEE 111 00:04:35,444 --> 00:04:38,381 WHAT OTHER MEASURES WERE USED. 112 00:04:38,381 --> 00:04:41,050 AFTER THOSE STANDARD, THE 113 00:04:41,050 --> 00:04:42,852 INDIVIDUALS WERE GIVEN MOBILE 114 00:04:42,852 --> 00:04:44,120 TOOLBOX, MTB. 115 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:46,956 AND ALSO, THIS ONE, SAMPLE ONE, 116 00:04:46,956 --> 00:04:57,500 IS LAB SETTING WITH IOS DEVICE. 117 00:05:00,269 --> 00:05:01,871 WE WILL LOOK AT INTERNAL 118 00:05:01,871 --> 00:05:02,538 CONSISTENCY. 119 00:05:02,538 --> 00:05:04,340 WHEN YOU HAVE A TEST YOU HAVE 120 00:05:04,340 --> 00:05:06,008 TO SEE HOW EACH INDIVIDUAL ITEM 121 00:05:06,008 --> 00:05:07,476 THEY ARE BEHAVING. 122 00:05:07,476 --> 00:05:09,345 THIS SHOULD BE CONSISTENT OR 123 00:05:09,345 --> 00:05:10,713 MEASURED THE WHOLE THING THE 124 00:05:10,713 --> 00:05:11,781 SAME WAY THE WHOLE TEST IS 125 00:05:11,781 --> 00:05:13,616 MEASURED. 126 00:05:13,616 --> 00:05:14,450 EACH TEST NEEDS TO GO THROUGH 127 00:05:14,450 --> 00:05:16,752 THAT. 128 00:05:16,752 --> 00:05:22,592 THE SAMPLE TWO COLLECT 1, 021 129 00:05:22,592 --> 00:05:23,526 ADULTS AGE 18-90. 130 00:05:23,526 --> 00:05:25,928 WE ARE GOING TO LOOK AT THEIR 131 00:05:25,928 --> 00:05:26,963 INTERNAL CONSISTENCY. 132 00:05:26,963 --> 00:05:32,201 AND ALSO FOR THE PERSON, EACH 133 00:05:32,201 --> 00:05:37,306 INDIVIDUAL, THEY WERE GIVEN 134 00:05:37,306 --> 00:05:39,775 NIHTB V3 COGNITIVE MEASURES 135 00:05:39,775 --> 00:05:40,376 FOLLOWED BY SELF-ADMINISTERED 136 00:05:40,376 --> 00:05:40,910 MTB. 137 00:05:40,910 --> 00:05:43,246 THEN WE LOOK AT IMPACT, THIS IS 138 00:05:43,246 --> 00:05:44,213 MOBILE TOOLBOX. 139 00:05:44,213 --> 00:05:46,349 HOW IS THE SYSTEM IMPACT ON THE 140 00:05:46,349 --> 00:05:47,516 ASSESSMENT, THE iPHONE AND THEN 141 00:05:47,516 --> 00:05:49,752 ANDROID. 142 00:05:49,752 --> 00:05:56,325 64% iPHONE. 143 00:05:56,325 --> 00:05:57,627 AND TEST, RETEST, RELIABILITY. 144 00:05:57,627 --> 00:05:59,996 YOU ARE GOING TO LOOK HOW THE 145 00:05:59,996 --> 00:06:01,998 PRACTICE WILL IMPACT THE 146 00:06:01,998 --> 00:06:02,832 INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE ON THE 147 00:06:02,832 --> 00:06:04,834 ASSESSMENT. 148 00:06:04,834 --> 00:06:08,771 SO THEREFORE STUDY 3 IS SAMPLE 149 00:06:08,771 --> 00:06:12,108 3, COLLECT 168 PEOPLE FROM 150 00:06:12,108 --> 00:06:17,146 BRAIN HEALTH REGISTRY, AGED 151 00:06:17,146 --> 00:06:17,346 28-84. 152 00:06:17,346 --> 00:06:21,317 AND THE PERSON WAS FIRST GIVEN 153 00:06:21,317 --> 00:06:23,719 MTB REMOTELY, OF COURSE, AND 154 00:06:23,719 --> 00:06:25,021 THEN AT THE STARTING IT'S 155 00:06:25,021 --> 00:06:27,256 CALLED BASELINE. 156 00:06:27,256 --> 00:06:29,692 AND AFTER TWO WEEKS THEY WERE 157 00:06:29,692 --> 00:06:31,427 GIVEN THE SAME TEST. 158 00:06:31,427 --> 00:06:34,430 AND THEN THIS IS ONLY COLLECTED 159 00:06:34,430 --> 00:06:40,169 ON THE iPHONE DEVICE. 160 00:06:40,169 --> 00:06:48,778 SO FOR VALIDITY, WE USED 161 00:06:48,778 --> 00:06:50,446 PEARSON COEFFICIENT BETWEEN MTB 162 00:06:50,446 --> 00:06:52,281 AND OTHER MEASURES. 163 00:06:52,281 --> 00:06:59,588 IT'S KIND OF EXAMINING THE 164 00:06:59,588 --> 00:07:03,225 LINEAR. 165 00:07:03,225 --> 00:07:09,198 PEARSON/SPEARMAN. 166 00:07:09,198 --> 00:07:10,800 AND ALSO THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 167 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:14,070 THE TEST SCORE AND THEIR AGE. 168 00:07:14,070 --> 00:07:16,072 INTERNAL CONSISTENCY ALSO 169 00:07:16,072 --> 00:07:20,309 THROUGH THE SAMPLE TWO, AND IN 170 00:07:20,309 --> 00:07:21,744 SPLIT HALF, RELIABILITY -- 171 00:07:21,744 --> 00:07:30,419 ALPHA, ALL THOSE WERE USED. 172 00:07:30,419 --> 00:07:31,721 AND THE TEST/RE-TEST 173 00:07:31,721 --> 00:07:34,357 RELIABILITY, USING INTRA CLASS 174 00:07:34,357 --> 00:07:36,192 CORRELATION. 175 00:07:36,192 --> 00:07:38,294 ANY PACKAGE WILL GIVE YOU THE 176 00:07:38,294 --> 00:07:40,830 VARIANCE FOR THE RANDOM EFFECT 177 00:07:40,830 --> 00:07:42,465 AND TOTAL VARIANCE. 178 00:07:42,465 --> 00:07:44,900 YOU TAKE THE RATIO, ICC, SO 179 00:07:44,900 --> 00:07:50,039 IT'S QUITE EASY TO IMPLEMENT. 180 00:07:50,039 --> 00:07:51,941 [CRONBACH'S ALPHA] 181 00:07:51,941 --> 00:07:52,842 FOR SCORING, ANY ASSESSMENT YOU 182 00:07:52,842 --> 00:07:54,410 WILL REPORT THE SCORE. 183 00:07:54,410 --> 00:07:56,078 HOW DO I REPORT THEM? 184 00:07:56,078 --> 00:07:59,515 WE HAVE THREE CATEGORY. 185 00:07:59,515 --> 00:08:02,885 ERROR MATCHING AND SHAPE 186 00:08:02,885 --> 00:08:03,753 COLORING USE RATE-BASED 187 00:08:03,753 --> 00:08:07,023 RESPONSE TIME IS INVOLVED. 188 00:08:07,023 --> 00:08:08,224 SHAPE COLORING YOU HAVE THE 189 00:08:08,224 --> 00:08:09,759 RESPONSE AND ALSO HOW LONG IT 190 00:08:09,759 --> 00:08:14,663 TAKES YOU TO RESPOND. 191 00:08:14,663 --> 00:08:17,199 AND THESE TWO ASSESSMENTS. THE 192 00:08:17,199 --> 00:08:19,235 NUMBER SYMBOL MATCHING AND ALSO 193 00:08:19,235 --> 00:08:20,636 SEQUENCE, THEY USE NUMBER 194 00:08:20,636 --> 00:08:22,104 CORRECT SCORE, BASICALLY TAKE 195 00:08:22,104 --> 00:08:24,573 THE SUBMISSION OF THE SCORES. 196 00:08:24,573 --> 00:08:26,709 AND ALSO ARRANGING PICTURES. 197 00:08:26,709 --> 00:08:30,012 IT'S KIND OF NUMBER CORRECT 198 00:08:30,012 --> 00:08:32,314 SCORE BUT NOT SUBMISSION OF 199 00:08:32,314 --> 00:08:34,583 CORRECT SCORES, IT'S ADJACENT 200 00:08:34,583 --> 00:08:36,218 PAIRS SCORE. 201 00:08:36,218 --> 00:08:38,487 ALSO WE HAVE TWO TESTS WITH 202 00:08:38,487 --> 00:08:41,057 COMPUTER ADAPTIVE TESTING. 203 00:08:41,057 --> 00:08:46,195 WORD MEANING IS COMPUTED 204 00:08:46,195 --> 00:08:48,164 ADAPTIVE TESTING BUT RASCH 205 00:08:48,164 --> 00:08:48,364 MODEL. 206 00:08:48,364 --> 00:08:49,832 AND THE SPELLING IS 207 00:08:49,832 --> 00:08:51,967 TWO-PARAMETER MODEL. 208 00:08:51,967 --> 00:08:54,136 IT'S A CAT. 209 00:08:54,136 --> 00:08:56,405 FOR FACES AND NAMES, THE 210 00:08:56,405 --> 00:09:02,244 SCORING IS USED 211 00:09:02,244 --> 00:09:02,812 MULTI-DIMENSIONAL BIFACTOR 212 00:09:02,812 --> 00:09:04,480 MODEL. 213 00:09:04,480 --> 00:09:07,249 YOU HEAR ABOUT TOOLBOX, WE USE 214 00:09:07,249 --> 00:09:08,084 RESPONSE MODEL. 215 00:09:08,084 --> 00:09:11,120 THIS IS MULTI-DIMENSIONAL TWO 216 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:12,455 FACTOR MODEL. 217 00:09:12,455 --> 00:09:14,957 THIS SLIDE AND THE NEXT TWO 218 00:09:14,957 --> 00:09:17,526 GIVES YOU THE TABLES ABOUT THE 219 00:09:17,526 --> 00:09:20,963 SUMMARY FINDINGS OF THE THREE 220 00:09:20,963 --> 00:09:21,764 STUDIES. 221 00:09:21,764 --> 00:09:24,500 THE FIRST COLUMN IS THE TEST 222 00:09:24,500 --> 00:09:27,636 AND CONSTRUCT, SHAPE COLOR IS 223 00:09:27,636 --> 00:09:28,838 MEASURING EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING 224 00:09:28,838 --> 00:09:30,339 AND CORRELATION WITH AGE FROM 225 00:09:30,339 --> 00:09:31,674 STUDY ONE AND STUDY TWO. 226 00:09:31,674 --> 00:09:35,478 ALSO IN THE MIDDLE THEY GIVE 227 00:09:35,478 --> 00:09:37,046 YOU CONVERGENT VALIDITY, YOU 228 00:09:37,046 --> 00:09:37,913 COULD SEE THE GOLD STANDARD 229 00:09:37,913 --> 00:09:43,319 THERE. 230 00:09:43,319 --> 00:09:46,088 IN TOOLBOX THREE, KEFS, SHAPE 231 00:09:46,088 --> 00:09:50,826 COLOR IS '09 IT'S PRETTY GOOD. 232 00:09:50,826 --> 00:09:53,462 YOU LOOK AT THIS SLIDE FOR ZIP 233 00:09:53,462 --> 00:09:55,498 COLORING AND ERROR MATCHING. 234 00:09:55,498 --> 00:09:58,901 THE LAST COLUMN GIVES YOU 235 00:09:58,901 --> 00:09:59,568 TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY, ALLOWS 236 00:09:59,568 --> 00:10:01,070 YOU TO LOOK AT THE IMPACT OF 237 00:10:01,070 --> 00:10:02,571 PRACTICING. 238 00:10:02,571 --> 00:10:03,806 THERE ARE A LOT OF TOOLS TO 239 00:10:03,806 --> 00:10:05,107 LOOK. 240 00:10:05,107 --> 00:10:06,509 BUT YOU HAVE AN IDEA WHAT'S IN 241 00:10:06,509 --> 00:10:07,309 THERE. 242 00:10:07,309 --> 00:10:09,378 IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS YOU COULD 243 00:10:09,378 --> 00:10:09,545 ASK. 244 00:10:09,545 --> 00:10:12,781 AND LATER I WILL SUMMARIZE THE 245 00:10:12,781 --> 00:10:14,216 FINDINGS. DON'T WORRY IF YOU 246 00:10:14,216 --> 00:10:16,452 DON'T GET EACH NUMBER. 247 00:10:16,452 --> 00:10:17,820 THIS IS NUMBER SYMBOL MATCHING 248 00:10:17,820 --> 00:10:18,754 AND WORD MEANING. 249 00:10:18,754 --> 00:10:22,324 YOU COULD SEE WORD MEANING AND 250 00:10:22,324 --> 00:10:24,860 CORRELATION WITH AGE IS 0.35. 251 00:10:24,860 --> 00:10:26,128 THE OTHERS ARE NEGATIVE, RIGHT? 252 00:10:26,128 --> 00:10:29,465 SPELLING, NEGATIVE. 253 00:10:29,465 --> 00:10:30,833 AND THEN THE TEST/RETEST 254 00:10:30,833 --> 00:10:35,771 RELIABILITY. 255 00:10:35,771 --> 00:10:39,275 SO THIS IS -- OKAY, I'M GOING 256 00:10:39,275 --> 00:10:40,643 THE WRONG DIRECTION. 257 00:10:40,643 --> 00:10:42,478 SORRY. 258 00:10:42,478 --> 00:10:44,713 OKAY. 259 00:10:44,713 --> 00:10:47,082 HOW COME IT'S CHANGING THE 260 00:10:47,082 --> 00:10:57,359 WRONG DIRECTION? 261 00:11:09,438 --> 00:11:10,673 WE HAVE THE OPERATING SYSTEM. 262 00:11:10,673 --> 00:11:12,274 SO WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF 263 00:11:12,274 --> 00:11:14,610 OPERATING SYSTEM? 264 00:11:14,610 --> 00:11:17,479 SO COMPARING TO IOS AND ANDROID 265 00:11:17,479 --> 00:11:19,848 FOR ARRANGING PICTURES, THE 266 00:11:19,848 --> 00:11:21,383 SCORE IS TWO POINTS HIGHER ON 267 00:11:21,383 --> 00:11:27,189 iPHONE. 268 00:11:27,189 --> 00:11:31,627 BUT RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY 269 00:11:31,627 --> 00:11:36,031 THERE'S NO DIFFERENCE. 270 00:11:36,031 --> 00:11:39,101 FOR ARROW MATCHING AND SHAPE 271 00:11:39,101 --> 00:11:42,238 COLOR SORTING iPHONE HAS 272 00:11:42,238 --> 00:11:43,005 SLIGHTLY HIGHER. 273 00:11:43,005 --> 00:11:45,541 RELIABILITY NOT MUCH DIFFERENCE. 274 00:11:45,541 --> 00:11:47,476 AND ALSO LET'S LOOK AT THE 275 00:11:47,476 --> 00:11:50,879 PRACTICE IMPACT. 276 00:11:50,879 --> 00:11:54,116 AND ARRANGING PICTURES, YOU 277 00:11:54,116 --> 00:11:55,317 KIND OF SEE SLIGHTLY PRACTICE 278 00:11:55,317 --> 00:11:55,751 IMPACT. 279 00:11:55,751 --> 00:11:58,053 SO I THINK THE CORRELATION, I 280 00:11:58,053 --> 00:12:00,389 DON'T WANT TO GO THROUGH TO THE 281 00:12:00,389 --> 00:12:02,258 FRONT PAGE, IN CASE I GET LOST 282 00:12:02,258 --> 00:12:04,126 AGAIN. 283 00:12:04,126 --> 00:12:07,029 SO THE NUMBER, THE CORRELATION 284 00:12:07,029 --> 00:12:08,864 I THINK IS 0.49. 285 00:12:08,864 --> 00:12:11,367 SO THERE ARE IMPACT FOR THE 286 00:12:11,367 --> 00:12:12,635 TIME. 287 00:12:12,635 --> 00:12:13,602 BECAUSE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 288 00:12:13,602 --> 00:12:15,638 TIME IS TWO WEEKS. 289 00:12:15,638 --> 00:12:16,772 SO IT'S 0.42. 290 00:12:16,772 --> 00:12:20,109 IT'S KIND OF POOR. 291 00:12:20,109 --> 00:12:22,111 AND THE NUMBER-SYMBOL MATCHING, 292 00:12:22,111 --> 00:12:23,045 THE CORRELATION IS 0.83 WITH 293 00:12:23,045 --> 00:12:24,847 AGE. 294 00:12:24,847 --> 00:12:29,184 BUT SLIGHTLY POSITIVE DIRECTION. 295 00:12:29,184 --> 00:12:32,721 AND ARROW MATCHING KIND OF 296 00:12:32,721 --> 00:12:34,023 DIFFERENT. 297 00:12:34,023 --> 00:12:36,358 CORRELATION WITH AGE. 298 00:12:36,358 --> 00:12:37,893 ALL THE ASSESSMENTS CORRELATED 299 00:12:37,893 --> 00:12:40,629 WITH AGE IN A NEGATIVE 300 00:12:40,629 --> 00:12:42,264 DIRECTION BUT ALSO THE WORD 301 00:12:42,264 --> 00:12:45,267 MEANING IS POSITIVE. 302 00:12:45,267 --> 00:12:46,769 SO THE CONCLUSION THROUGH THE 303 00:12:46,769 --> 00:12:52,274 STUDY, WE LOOK AT VALIDITY AND 304 00:12:52,274 --> 00:12:52,775 CONSISTENCY TEST/RETEST 305 00:12:52,775 --> 00:12:53,542 RELIABILITY. 306 00:12:53,542 --> 00:12:55,444 ALL THOSE CONCLUSION IN THE 307 00:12:55,444 --> 00:12:57,079 TABLES HELP YOU TO SEE THIS IS 308 00:12:57,079 --> 00:12:58,781 A SAFE PRODUCT TO USE. 309 00:12:58,781 --> 00:13:00,549 YOU ARE WELCOME TO USE THIS 310 00:13:00,549 --> 00:13:00,916 MOBILE TOOLBOX. 311 00:13:00,916 --> 00:13:01,884 THANK YOU. 312 00:13:01,884 --> 00:13:03,952 AND THE REST IS THE SCREEN SHOT. 313 00:13:03,952 --> 00:13:05,554 YOU MAY NOT NEED THEM. 314 00:13:05,554 --> 00:13:06,655 THANK YOU, THAT'S ALL FOR MY 315 00:13:06,655 --> 00:13:16,765 TALK. 316 00:13:35,017 --> 00:13:42,658 >> OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS ALEX 317 00:13:42,658 --> 00:13:44,660 CHENG FROM VANDERBILT, HIS TALK 318 00:13:44,660 --> 00:13:46,895 IS LEVERAGING THE REDCap AND 319 00:13:46,895 --> 00:13:48,597 MyCap MOBILE APP TO ADMINISTER 320 00:13:48,597 --> 00:13:55,571 THE MOBILE TOOLBOX. 321 00:13:55,571 --> 00:13:57,606 >> ALEX CHENG: THANKS FOR THAT 322 00:13:57,606 --> 00:13:57,940 INTRODUCTION. 323 00:13:57,940 --> 00:13:59,208 I THINK MANY OF YOU ARE 324 00:13:59,208 --> 00:14:02,211 FAMILIAR WITH MyCap AND REDCap, 325 00:14:02,211 --> 00:14:04,646 A LOT THIS WILL BE REDUNDANT 326 00:14:04,646 --> 00:14:05,714 FOR MANY OF YOU. 327 00:14:05,714 --> 00:14:07,683 I WILL TALK ABOUT REDCap AND 328 00:14:07,683 --> 00:14:09,118 MyCap IN GENERAL AND 329 00:14:09,118 --> 00:14:11,353 SPECIFICALLY HOW WE ARE USING 330 00:14:11,353 --> 00:14:12,955 IT WITH MOBILE TOOL BOOX. 331 00:14:12,955 --> 00:14:15,391 I WANT YOU TO THINK OF 332 00:14:15,391 --> 00:14:16,525 POTENTIALLY OTHER MEASURES THAT 333 00:14:16,525 --> 00:14:18,227 MIGHT WORK WELL ON THIS 334 00:14:18,227 --> 00:14:20,229 PLATFORM, IN ADDITION TO 335 00:14:20,229 --> 00:14:21,864 POTENTIALLY USING MOBILE 336 00:14:21,864 --> 00:14:23,265 TOOLBOX ITSELF WITH THIS 337 00:14:23,265 --> 00:14:25,067 PLATFORM, THAT MANY OF YOU ARE 338 00:14:25,067 --> 00:14:25,834 ALREADY USING FOR CLINICAL 339 00:14:25,834 --> 00:14:27,903 RESEARCH. 340 00:14:27,903 --> 00:14:33,742 SO, MY MENTOR AND THE INVENTOR 341 00:14:33,742 --> 00:14:37,212 OF REDCap PAUL HARRIS USUALLY 342 00:14:37,212 --> 00:14:38,847 REFERS TO IT AS SWISS ARMY 343 00:14:38,847 --> 00:14:40,315 KNIFE. 344 00:14:40,315 --> 00:14:42,651 THERE'S MANY WAYS TO GET YOUR 345 00:14:42,651 --> 00:14:46,188 DATA IN REDCap AND GET IT OUT 346 00:14:46,188 --> 00:14:47,656 THAT IS COMPLIANT ACROSS THE 347 00:14:47,656 --> 00:14:48,223 ENTERPRISE. 348 00:14:48,223 --> 00:14:50,526 MANY OF YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH 349 00:14:50,526 --> 00:14:52,060 THE RESEARCHER WORKFLOWS 350 00:14:52,060 --> 00:14:53,996 GETTING DATA INTO REDCap. 351 00:14:53,996 --> 00:14:57,499 WHETHER CREATING A FORM THROUGH 352 00:14:57,499 --> 00:14:58,700 THE POINT AND CLICK INTERFACE. 353 00:14:58,700 --> 00:15:00,936 IF YOU HAVE A LOT OF DATA THAT 354 00:15:00,936 --> 00:15:02,971 GOES INTO REDCap. 355 00:15:02,971 --> 00:15:04,406 THERE'S A PROGRAM APPLICATION 356 00:15:04,406 --> 00:15:06,008 INTERFACE IF YOU HAVE 357 00:15:06,008 --> 00:15:06,909 APPLICATION THAT'S INTERACT 358 00:15:06,909 --> 00:15:08,911 WITH THE DATA IN REDCap OR IF 359 00:15:08,911 --> 00:15:11,146 YOU JUST NEED TO USE IT FOR A 360 00:15:11,146 --> 00:15:12,281 DASHBOARD OR WEBSITE OR SOME 361 00:15:12,281 --> 00:15:15,884 OTHER FORM YOU NEED TO BE ABLE 362 00:15:15,884 --> 00:15:17,252 TO POPULATE EXTERNALLY TO THE 363 00:15:17,252 --> 00:15:19,221 REDCap SYSTEM. 364 00:15:19,221 --> 00:15:21,657 THE REDCap MOBILE APP WHICH 365 00:15:21,657 --> 00:15:24,293 ALLOWS FOR MOBILE APP DATA 366 00:15:24,293 --> 00:15:24,927 COLLECTION FROM THE RESEARCHER 367 00:15:24,927 --> 00:15:25,894 SIDE. 368 00:15:25,894 --> 00:15:28,530 AND ALSO A MODULE I HAVE WORKED 369 00:15:28,530 --> 00:15:34,470 PRETTY EXTENSIVELY ON WHICH IS 370 00:15:34,470 --> 00:15:37,506 THE EHR INTERVENTION, ALLOWS 371 00:15:37,506 --> 00:15:42,444 YOU TO EXTRACT DATA FROM THE 372 00:15:42,444 --> 00:15:44,880 ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD EHR 373 00:15:44,880 --> 00:15:48,217 INTO REDCap. 374 00:15:48,217 --> 00:15:50,118 I'M PRETTY SURE EVERYONE IN 375 00:15:50,118 --> 00:15:51,720 THIS ROOM HAS FILLED OUT A 376 00:15:51,720 --> 00:15:52,754 REDCap SURVEY. 377 00:15:52,754 --> 00:15:55,224 THOSE ARE LINKS THAT COULD BE 378 00:15:55,224 --> 00:15:57,392 EMAIL TODAY PARTICIPANTS. 379 00:15:57,392 --> 00:16:00,329 ALSO SMS, TEXT MESSAGING AS A 380 00:16:00,329 --> 00:16:02,931 WAY TO CONTACT AND DIRECT 381 00:16:02,931 --> 00:16:06,001 PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS 382 00:16:06,001 --> 00:16:08,337 TOWARDS REDCap AND DATA ENTRY 383 00:16:08,337 --> 00:16:09,538 INSTRUMENTS. AND THEN WHAT THE 384 00:16:09,538 --> 00:16:11,773 FOCUS OF THIS TALK WILL BE, 385 00:16:11,773 --> 00:16:14,209 WHICH IS MyCap, A 386 00:16:14,209 --> 00:16:14,743 PARTICIPANT-FACING MOBILE 387 00:16:14,743 --> 00:16:16,011 APPLICATION. 388 00:16:16,011 --> 00:16:18,180 AND REALLY NOT JUST FOR 389 00:16:18,180 --> 00:16:21,250 COLLECTING DATA AND COLLECTING 390 00:16:21,250 --> 00:16:22,851 MEASURES, SUCH AS THE MOBILE 391 00:16:22,851 --> 00:16:25,153 TOOLBOX, BUT ALSO AS A PLATFORM 392 00:16:25,153 --> 00:16:26,021 FOR ENGAGING PARTICIPANTS IN 393 00:16:26,021 --> 00:16:28,724 RESEARCH. 394 00:16:28,724 --> 00:16:31,126 AND SO, I THINK ONE OF THE 395 00:16:31,126 --> 00:16:33,662 THINGS THAT MAKES REDCap 396 00:16:33,662 --> 00:16:37,332 PARTICULARLY RELEVANT FOR NTB 397 00:16:37,332 --> 00:16:39,635 IN PARTICULAR IS IT'S WIDELY 398 00:16:39,635 --> 00:16:40,936 USED ACROSS MANY INSTITUTIONS 399 00:16:40,936 --> 00:16:42,971 ACROSS THE ENTIRE WORLD. 400 00:16:42,971 --> 00:16:46,308 SO AS YOU MAY KNOW, REDCap IS 401 00:16:46,308 --> 00:16:49,144 AVAILABLE AT NO COST FOR ANY 402 00:16:49,144 --> 00:16:49,645 ACADEMIC, NONPROFIT OR 403 00:16:49,645 --> 00:16:51,046 GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS. 404 00:16:51,046 --> 00:16:54,149 AND REALLY THE SECRET OF -- 405 00:16:54,149 --> 00:16:56,618 WHAT HAS REALLY CAUSED A LOT OF 406 00:16:56,618 --> 00:16:59,488 SUCCESS FOR REDCap IS THE 407 00:16:59,488 --> 00:17:01,723 REDCap CONSORTIUM. 408 00:17:01,723 --> 00:17:03,058 WHEN YOUR INSTITUTION GETS 409 00:17:03,058 --> 00:17:04,927 REDCap THEY JOIN THE REDCap 410 00:17:04,927 --> 00:17:05,961 CONSORTIUM. 411 00:17:05,961 --> 00:17:07,729 WHAT THAT ALLOWS US TO DO, 412 00:17:07,729 --> 00:17:09,831 BECAUSE THAT SOFTWARE IS BEING 413 00:17:09,831 --> 00:17:10,966 USED AT YOUR INSTITUTION, WE 414 00:17:10,966 --> 00:17:13,068 ARE ABLE TO GET FEEDBACK FOR 415 00:17:13,068 --> 00:17:14,202 WHAT IS WORKING WELL, WHAT'S 416 00:17:14,202 --> 00:17:15,804 NOT WORKING WELL. 417 00:17:15,804 --> 00:17:16,905 WHAT ARE ADDITIONAL FEATURES 418 00:17:16,905 --> 00:17:19,441 THAT ARE REQUIRED AND THAT 419 00:17:19,441 --> 00:17:22,077 FEEDS BACK TO THE REDCap TEAM 420 00:17:22,077 --> 00:17:23,078 THAT THEN DEVELOPS THOSE 421 00:17:23,078 --> 00:17:25,080 MEASURES AND WE ARE ABLE TO 422 00:17:25,080 --> 00:17:28,650 RELEASE THOSE BACK OUT TO 423 00:17:28,650 --> 00:17:30,552 REDCap'S CONSORTIUM, THIS CYCLE 424 00:17:30,552 --> 00:17:31,853 FOR US TO CONTINUOUSLY BE ABLE 425 00:17:31,853 --> 00:17:33,956 TO IMPROVE IT AND INCREASE 426 00:17:33,956 --> 00:17:34,990 DISSEMINATION OF THE SOFTWARE. 427 00:17:34,990 --> 00:17:37,526 AS YOU CAN SEE IT'S USED PRETTY 428 00:17:37,526 --> 00:17:40,162 MUCH IN EVERY COUNTRY. 429 00:17:40,162 --> 00:17:42,464 IN 156 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, 430 00:17:42,464 --> 00:17:44,533 OVER 7,000 INSTITUTIONS OVER 2 431 00:17:44,533 --> 00:17:46,201 MILLION USING IT. 432 00:17:46,201 --> 00:17:49,371 THE REDCap MARKER PAPER HAS 433 00:17:49,371 --> 00:17:50,872 37,000 CITATIONS. 434 00:17:50,872 --> 00:17:52,074 ACTUALLY IT'S PROBABLY MORE 435 00:17:52,074 --> 00:17:55,177 THAN THAT, IF YOU CONSIDER 436 00:17:55,177 --> 00:17:58,413 PAPERS IN RESEARCH THAT HAVE 437 00:17:58,413 --> 00:17:59,348 USED REDCap WITHOUT ACTUALLY 438 00:17:59,348 --> 00:18:01,183 STUDYING THAT PAPER. 439 00:18:01,183 --> 00:18:03,485 THE OTHER REASON WE BELIEVE THE 440 00:18:03,485 --> 00:18:04,586 REDCap ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL, 441 00:18:04,586 --> 00:18:06,054 NOT JUST THE SOFTWARE ITSELF 442 00:18:06,054 --> 00:18:07,723 BUT THE COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM 443 00:18:07,723 --> 00:18:10,759 OF THE PLATFORM IS RELEVANT FOR 444 00:18:10,759 --> 00:18:13,395 NTB IS BECAUSE OF THE DIFFERENT 445 00:18:13,395 --> 00:18:15,831 MODES WE HAVE FOR DISSEMINATING 446 00:18:15,831 --> 00:18:17,499 STANDARDS AND MEASURES WITHIN 447 00:18:17,499 --> 00:18:18,533 THE REDCap ECOSYSTEM. 448 00:18:18,533 --> 00:18:21,203 WE HAVE THE REDCap SHARED 449 00:18:21,203 --> 00:18:22,804 INSTRUMENT LIBRARY. 450 00:18:22,804 --> 00:18:24,106 YOU CAN POST VALIDATED 451 00:18:24,106 --> 00:18:25,707 INSTRUMENTS ONTO A PLACE WHERE 452 00:18:25,707 --> 00:18:27,609 PEOPLE CAN DOWNLOAD IT DIRECTLY 453 00:18:27,609 --> 00:18:29,978 INTO THEIR REDCap PROJECTS. 454 00:18:29,978 --> 00:18:33,181 WE ALSO HAVE REDCap EXTERNAL 455 00:18:33,181 --> 00:18:34,983 MODULES REPOSITORY, IF THERE'S 456 00:18:34,983 --> 00:18:37,819 A CUSTOM CODE YOU WANT TO BE 457 00:18:37,819 --> 00:18:40,856 ABLE TO AUGMENT REDCap PROJECTS 458 00:18:40,856 --> 00:18:42,891 WITH, MOSTLY BASE REDCap IS 459 00:18:42,891 --> 00:18:45,494 ABLE TO ACCOMMODATE 95% OF USE 460 00:18:45,494 --> 00:18:47,329 CASES BUT IF THERE'S ANY CUSTOM 461 00:18:47,329 --> 00:18:51,166 CODE YOU COULD SHARE THAT 462 00:18:51,166 --> 00:18:52,134 THROUGH COLLABORATORS THROUGH 463 00:18:52,134 --> 00:18:53,001 REDCap REPOSITORY. 464 00:18:53,001 --> 00:18:57,239 ALSO A LOT OF THESE NIH-FUNDED 465 00:18:57,239 --> 00:18:59,741 GROUPS ARE POSTING REDCap DATA 466 00:18:59,741 --> 00:19:00,876 DICTIONARIES AND INSTRUMENTS ON 467 00:19:00,876 --> 00:19:02,678 THEIR PLATFORMS AS WELL. 468 00:19:02,678 --> 00:19:11,486 YOU ALL KNOW THE PROMISED NIH 469 00:19:11,486 --> 00:19:15,857 CDE REPOSITORY. 470 00:19:15,857 --> 00:19:19,161 SEE BIO PORTAL, IMPORT DIRECTLY 471 00:19:19,161 --> 00:19:21,096 INTO REDCap. 472 00:19:21,096 --> 00:19:22,431 RAD X ALSO. 473 00:19:22,431 --> 00:19:25,133 ALL SYSTEMS IF YOU ARE NOT 474 00:19:25,133 --> 00:19:27,803 FAMILIAR WITH, ARE DESIGNED TO 475 00:19:27,803 --> 00:19:28,537 INCREASE STANDARDS ADOPTION 476 00:19:28,537 --> 00:19:30,305 ACROSS RESEARCH IN THE U.S. AND 477 00:19:30,305 --> 00:19:31,540 ARE AVAILABLE FOR ANY 478 00:19:31,540 --> 00:19:32,140 RESEARCHERS WHO WANT TO USE 479 00:19:32,140 --> 00:19:38,513 THEM. 480 00:19:38,513 --> 00:19:39,514 [AND PHEN-X] 481 00:19:39,514 --> 00:19:43,452 IT'S A TOOL FOR RESEARCHERS AND 482 00:19:43,452 --> 00:19:46,088 IT'S A CUSTOMIZABLE MOBILE 483 00:19:46,088 --> 00:19:47,289 APPLICATION READILY AVAILABLE. 484 00:19:47,289 --> 00:19:48,590 IF YOU HAVE REDCap AT YOUR 485 00:19:48,590 --> 00:19:50,325 INSTITUTION YOU HAVE THE 486 00:19:50,325 --> 00:19:52,594 ABILITY TO INTEGRATE WITH IT ON 487 00:19:52,594 --> 00:19:54,396 ANY PARTICIPANT'S PHONE. 488 00:19:54,396 --> 00:19:56,898 IT CAPTURES DATA AND IT'S ABLE 489 00:19:56,898 --> 00:20:01,603 TO IMPORT ALL THAT DATA 490 00:20:01,603 --> 00:20:04,840 DIRECTLY TO A REDCap PROJECT. 491 00:20:04,840 --> 00:20:09,511 IT ALSO FACILITATES CONTINUOUS 492 00:20:09,511 --> 00:20:10,078 ENGAGEMENT AND PARTICIPANT 493 00:20:10,078 --> 00:20:10,612 RETENTION. 494 00:20:10,612 --> 00:20:12,948 SO HERE ARE SOME OF THE MAIN 495 00:20:12,948 --> 00:20:16,718 FEATURES OF MyCap. 496 00:20:16,718 --> 00:20:19,121 THERE'S THE VERY FAMILIAR OF 497 00:20:19,121 --> 00:20:21,022 TASK OF CREATING FORMS AND HAVE 498 00:20:21,022 --> 00:20:22,324 THEM RESPOND TO QUESTIONNAIRES. 499 00:20:22,324 --> 00:20:24,059 IT'S A VERY EASY INTERFACE FOR 500 00:20:24,059 --> 00:20:25,460 THE PEOPLE TO BE ABLE TO SEE 501 00:20:25,460 --> 00:20:27,929 THE TASK THEY HAVE TO DO ON A 502 00:20:27,929 --> 00:20:30,232 SPECIFIC DAY, IN ADDITION TO 503 00:20:30,232 --> 00:20:31,466 ADDITIONAL TASKS THEY MAY HAVE 504 00:20:31,466 --> 00:20:32,334 TO COMPLETE OVER THE COURSE OF 505 00:20:32,334 --> 00:20:33,468 THE STUDY. 506 00:20:33,468 --> 00:20:35,270 THERE'S THE ABILITY TO HAVE 507 00:20:35,270 --> 00:20:36,538 MULTIPLE PARTICIPANTS ON A 508 00:20:36,538 --> 00:20:38,306 SINGLE DEVICE APPLICATION. 509 00:20:38,306 --> 00:20:41,843 SO YOU CAN IMAGINE IF THERE'S 510 00:20:41,843 --> 00:20:44,279 MULTIPLE FAMILY MEMBERS USING A 511 00:20:44,279 --> 00:20:46,515 DEVICE PARTICULARLY FOR LOWER 512 00:20:46,515 --> 00:20:47,816 RESEARCH INDIVIDUALS, THEY CAN 513 00:20:47,816 --> 00:20:50,185 EACH USE THE APPLICATION AND 514 00:20:50,185 --> 00:20:52,187 HAVE THEIR PRIVACY BE PROTECTED 515 00:20:52,187 --> 00:20:55,190 FROM WITHIN THE APPLICATION. 516 00:20:55,190 --> 00:20:56,491 THERE'S NOTIFICATIONS. SO 517 00:20:56,491 --> 00:20:57,926 INSTEAD OF TYPICAL REDCap 518 00:20:57,926 --> 00:20:59,928 WORKFLOW, WHICH YOU MAY HAVE 519 00:20:59,928 --> 00:21:01,763 USED WHICH EMAILED OUT SURVEYS, 520 00:21:01,763 --> 00:21:04,199 YOU COULD ACTUALLY HAVE IT SET 521 00:21:04,199 --> 00:21:06,001 AND AN APPLICANT, A 522 00:21:06,001 --> 00:21:06,635 NOTIFICATION DIRECTED TO THEIR 523 00:21:06,635 --> 00:21:07,402 PHONE. 524 00:21:07,402 --> 00:21:09,237 THIS IS SORT OF TRYING TO MEET 525 00:21:09,237 --> 00:21:11,339 PARTICIPANTS WHERE THEY ARE. 526 00:21:11,339 --> 00:21:13,375 ESPECIALLY FOR A LOT OF THESE 527 00:21:13,375 --> 00:21:15,043 DIFFERENT STUDIES WHERE PEOPLE 528 00:21:15,043 --> 00:21:16,845 MAY NOT HAVE REGULAR ACCESS TO 529 00:21:16,845 --> 00:21:19,514 THE INTERNET, BUT MANY PEOPLE 530 00:21:19,514 --> 00:21:21,316 DO HAVE ACCESS TO A MOBILE 531 00:21:21,316 --> 00:21:23,018 APPLICATION OR A MOBILE DEVICE. 532 00:21:23,018 --> 00:21:25,253 THEY ARE ABLE TO BE CONTACTED 533 00:21:25,253 --> 00:21:26,121 THROUGH THE APPLICATION. 534 00:21:26,121 --> 00:21:27,289 YOU COULD SEE FROM THE SECOND 535 00:21:27,289 --> 00:21:31,426 TO LAST FROM THE RIGHT, THERE'S 536 00:21:31,426 --> 00:21:33,562 THE MESSAGING PLATFORM AS WELL. 537 00:21:33,562 --> 00:21:35,564 WITHOUT EVEN COLLECTING A PHONE 538 00:21:35,564 --> 00:21:37,265 NUMBER OR EMAIL ADDRESS FROM A 539 00:21:37,265 --> 00:21:39,334 PARTICIPANT, IF THEY HAVE THE 540 00:21:39,334 --> 00:21:42,070 MOBILE APPLICATION INSTALLED ON 541 00:21:42,070 --> 00:21:43,271 THEIR PHONE, AND HAVE ENROLLED 542 00:21:43,271 --> 00:21:45,173 IN THE STUDY YOU COULD CONTACT 543 00:21:45,173 --> 00:21:46,208 THEM THROUGH THE MOBILE DEVICE 544 00:21:46,208 --> 00:21:47,609 AS WELL. 545 00:21:47,609 --> 00:21:49,845 AND THEN THE ACTIVE TASKS, ARE 546 00:21:49,845 --> 00:21:51,346 A MAJOR PART OF IT. 547 00:21:51,346 --> 00:21:53,181 SO COULD SEE HERE, THE ONE IN 548 00:21:53,181 --> 00:21:55,617 THE MIDDLE HERE, THE FITNESS 549 00:21:55,617 --> 00:22:05,994 TASK, THIS IS A BUILT-IN ACTIVE 550 00:22:05,994 --> 00:22:08,330 TASK THAT iPHONE IOS RELEASE 551 00:22:08,330 --> 00:22:10,365 BUT ALSO ADDED AS ACTIVE TASKS 552 00:22:10,365 --> 00:22:11,766 TO THAT. 553 00:22:11,766 --> 00:22:14,102 SO THIS IS HOW IT LOOKS. 554 00:22:14,102 --> 00:22:17,305 YOU WILL ADD AN NTB ACTIVE TASK 555 00:22:17,305 --> 00:22:19,841 THE SAME WAY YOU WOULD ADD AN 556 00:22:19,841 --> 00:22:22,177 ACTIVE TASK OF A DIFFERENT TYPE 557 00:22:22,177 --> 00:22:23,879 OR REDCap INSTRUMENT. 558 00:22:23,879 --> 00:22:26,014 YOU JUST CLICK ADD AND IT WILL 559 00:22:26,014 --> 00:22:27,515 CREATE THE ADDITIONAL TASK FOR 560 00:22:27,515 --> 00:22:30,452 THE PARTICIPANT TO COMPLETE. 561 00:22:30,452 --> 00:22:32,220 AND THEN THE DIFFERENT SETTINGS 562 00:22:32,220 --> 00:22:34,289 THAT ARE AVAILABLE. 563 00:22:34,289 --> 00:22:35,891 YOU CAN TITLE THE TASK. 564 00:22:35,891 --> 00:22:38,360 YOU COULD ALLOW FOR 565 00:22:38,360 --> 00:22:39,327 RETROSPECTIVE COMPLETION IF 566 00:22:39,327 --> 00:22:41,263 THEY MISSED THE DATE THEY WERE 567 00:22:41,263 --> 00:22:42,597 SUPPOSED TO COMPLETE IT. 568 00:22:42,597 --> 00:22:45,200 BASE THE DATE WHICH YOU SENSE 569 00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:47,435 THE FUTURE TASK BASED ON A 570 00:22:47,435 --> 00:22:49,938 INSTALL OR BASELINE DATE YOU 571 00:22:49,938 --> 00:22:50,171 SPECIFY. 572 00:22:50,171 --> 00:22:52,374 YOU COULD COMPLETE IT ONE TIME, 573 00:22:52,374 --> 00:22:53,975 IT COULD BE INFINITELY 574 00:22:53,975 --> 00:22:55,076 REPEATING OR REPEAT ON A 575 00:22:55,076 --> 00:22:56,111 CERTAIN FREQUENCY. 576 00:22:56,111 --> 00:22:57,646 YOU COULD CHOOSE TO DELAY THE 577 00:22:57,646 --> 00:22:58,947 START BY A CERTAIN NUMBER OF 578 00:22:58,947 --> 00:23:02,384 DAYS AND THEN YOU COULD SPECIFY 579 00:23:02,384 --> 00:23:03,585 WHEN, DURING, OVER THE COURSE 580 00:23:03,585 --> 00:23:05,987 OF THE STUDY YOU WANT THAT TASK 581 00:23:05,987 --> 00:23:12,661 TO BE REPEATED. 582 00:23:12,661 --> 00:23:16,097 A LOT CUSTOMIZABILITY. 583 00:23:16,097 --> 00:23:17,832 ADDITIONAL CUSTOMIZATIONS IN 584 00:23:17,832 --> 00:23:21,069 TERMS OF STUDY LOGOS, CONTACT 585 00:23:21,069 --> 00:23:22,504 INFORMATION, COLOR SCHEMES, 586 00:23:22,504 --> 00:23:25,507 DIFFERENT WAYS YOU CUSTOMIZE TO 587 00:23:25,507 --> 00:23:26,942 FIT YOUR STUDY AND BRANDING FOR 588 00:23:26,942 --> 00:23:27,943 YOUR INSTITUTION. 589 00:23:27,943 --> 00:23:30,779 THIS IS ONE OF THE WAYS THE 590 00:23:30,779 --> 00:23:32,280 MOBILE TOOLBOX APP LOOKS LIKE 591 00:23:32,280 --> 00:23:35,216 ON MyCap. 592 00:23:35,216 --> 00:23:37,552 IN TERMS OF LESSONS LEARNED, WE 593 00:23:37,552 --> 00:23:40,689 HAVE ESTABLISHED A NEW WAY TO 594 00:23:40,689 --> 00:23:42,691 ITERATE TASKS THROUGH FLUTTER. 595 00:23:42,691 --> 00:23:44,192 FOR THE TECHNICAL FOLKS THAT'S 596 00:23:44,192 --> 00:23:46,428 A WAY TO UPDATE THE CODE BASES 597 00:23:46,428 --> 00:23:48,296 FOR THE ANDROID AND IOS APP AT 598 00:23:48,296 --> 00:23:50,065 THE SAME TIME. 599 00:23:50,065 --> 00:23:51,666 ALLOW PEOPLE TO ONBOARD THROUGH 600 00:23:51,666 --> 00:23:53,034 REDCap THROUGH A SURVEY AND 601 00:23:53,034 --> 00:23:54,803 E-CONSENT. 602 00:23:54,803 --> 00:23:55,837 THAT'S BECOME PARTICULARLY 603 00:23:55,837 --> 00:23:58,073 RELEVANT FOR REMOTE AND 604 00:23:58,073 --> 00:23:59,541 DECENTRALIZED TRIALS AS WE TRY 605 00:23:59,541 --> 00:24:00,608 TO LIMIT THE CONTACT THROUGH 606 00:24:00,608 --> 00:24:02,210 THE PANDEMIC, WE TRY TO LIMIT 607 00:24:02,210 --> 00:24:04,646 THE CONTACT WE HAVE WITH 608 00:24:04,646 --> 00:24:07,482 PARTICIPANTS MANY TIMES. 609 00:24:07,482 --> 00:24:10,485 AND AUTOMATING THE END TASK 610 00:24:10,485 --> 00:24:11,720 REMINDERS. SIMPLIFYING THE 611 00:24:11,720 --> 00:24:13,221 MONITORING, THE REPORTING AND 612 00:24:13,221 --> 00:24:15,256 ALSO MAKING DATA AVAILABLE 613 00:24:15,256 --> 00:24:16,358 IMMEDIATELY TO THE STUDY TEAM. 614 00:24:16,358 --> 00:24:18,727 YOU ARE ABLE TO USE ALL OF THE 615 00:24:18,727 --> 00:24:19,594 TECHNOLOGIES BUILT INTO REDCap 616 00:24:19,594 --> 00:24:21,830 ALREADY TO BE ABLE TO GET DATA 617 00:24:21,830 --> 00:24:24,165 OUT OF THAT SYSTEM AS NEEDED. 618 00:24:24,165 --> 00:24:26,334 SO COMING SOON IS THAT WE WILL 619 00:24:26,334 --> 00:24:29,704 BE RELEASING THE EMPTY FEED TO 620 00:24:29,704 --> 00:24:31,439 THE REDCap CONSORTIUM, THAT'S 621 00:24:31,439 --> 00:24:33,241 EXPECTED IN MAY IF EVERYTHING 622 00:24:33,241 --> 00:24:34,175 GOES WELL WITH THE PILOT 623 00:24:34,175 --> 00:24:36,177 TESTING. 624 00:24:36,177 --> 00:24:37,245 ENFORCING THE TASK BORDER IF 625 00:24:37,245 --> 00:24:39,280 YOU HAVE A SEQUENCE OF TASKS 626 00:24:39,280 --> 00:24:42,584 THAT NEED TO BE COMPLETED AND 627 00:24:42,584 --> 00:24:44,185 THE SPANISH TRANSLATION. 628 00:24:44,185 --> 00:24:48,490 I WANT TO AK NONL TEAMS AT 629 00:24:48,490 --> 00:24:50,325 NORTHWESTERN, VANDERBILT AND 630 00:24:50,325 --> 00:24:52,660 OTHERS, THIS IS PEOPLE WE 631 00:24:52,660 --> 00:24:54,162 WORKED WITH CLOSELY, THEY HAVE 632 00:24:54,162 --> 00:24:55,764 GONE THROUGH THE HARD WORK 633 00:24:55,764 --> 00:24:57,198 MAKING THE TRANSITION TO THIS 634 00:24:57,198 --> 00:25:00,035 PLATFORM SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO. 635 00:25:00,035 --> 00:25:01,336 SO DEFINITELY HAPPY TO TALK 636 00:25:01,336 --> 00:25:03,471 LATER. 637 00:25:03,471 --> 00:25:07,909 [MGH STUDY TEAM AND UCSF STUDY 638 00:25:07,909 --> 00:25:14,315 TEAM] 639 00:25:14,315 --> 00:25:15,850 >> MODERATOR: THANKS, SO TWO 640 00:25:15,850 --> 00:25:18,386 TERRIFIC TALKS ALREADY. 641 00:25:18,386 --> 00:25:23,691 OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS DR. DORENE 642 00:25:23,691 --> 00:25:24,259 RENTZ FROM HARVARD MEDICAL 643 00:25:24,259 --> 00:25:25,326 SCHOOL. 644 00:25:25,326 --> 00:25:28,229 THE TITLE IS THE MOBILE TOOLBOX 645 00:25:28,229 --> 00:25:31,066 FOR REMOTE COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT 646 00:25:31,066 --> 00:25:31,633 IN PRECLINICAL ALZHEIMER'S 647 00:25:31,633 --> 00:25:32,400 DISEASE. 648 00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:42,177 DORENE? 649 00:25:42,177 --> 00:25:43,311 >> DORENE RENTZ: THANK YOU, 650 00:25:43,311 --> 00:25:44,212 MOLLY. 651 00:25:44,212 --> 00:25:47,115 GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYBODY. 652 00:25:47,115 --> 00:25:49,951 SO WE WERE ONE OF THE SITES 653 00:25:49,951 --> 00:25:51,086 WHEN MOBILE TOOLBOX WAS 654 00:25:51,086 --> 00:25:55,957 DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE A CLINICAL 655 00:25:55,957 --> 00:25:56,524 APPLICATION FOR THE MOBILE 656 00:25:56,524 --> 00:25:57,358 TOOLBOX. 657 00:25:57,358 --> 00:26:02,130 THIS IS REALLY WORK THAT DR. 658 00:26:02,130 --> 00:26:04,265 ROSE JUTTEN MY POSTDOC DID, I 659 00:26:04,265 --> 00:26:06,401 GET TO PIGGYBACK ON HER 660 00:26:06,401 --> 00:26:10,105 FABULOUS WORK AND MENTOR HER. 661 00:26:10,105 --> 00:26:12,740 PRECLINICAL ALZHEIMER'S 662 00:26:12,740 --> 00:26:14,976 DISEASE IS THAT CONDITION WHERE 663 00:26:14,976 --> 00:26:16,678 INDIVIDUALS PERFORM NORMALLY ON 664 00:26:16,678 --> 00:26:18,213 COGNITIVE AND FUNCTIONAL 665 00:26:18,213 --> 00:26:21,749 MEASURES BUT STILL CONTAIN A 666 00:26:21,749 --> 00:26:27,021 BURDEN OF AMYLOID AND THAOL 667 00:26:27,021 --> 00:26:27,555 PATHOLOGY CONSISTENT WITH 668 00:26:27,555 --> 00:26:29,190 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. 669 00:26:29,190 --> 00:26:31,659 IT'S USING TOOLS TO DETECT 670 00:26:31,659 --> 00:26:32,694 EARLY EVIDENCE FOR EARLY 671 00:26:32,694 --> 00:26:34,095 TREATMENT INTERVENTION. 672 00:26:34,095 --> 00:26:37,265 SO THE AIMS OF THIS STUDY WAS 673 00:26:37,265 --> 00:26:39,901 TO COMPARE THE MTB COGNITIVE 674 00:26:39,901 --> 00:26:42,504 DOMAIN SCORES TO THE INCLINIC 675 00:26:42,504 --> 00:26:43,304 COGNITIVE ASSESSMENTS. YOU HAVE 676 00:26:43,304 --> 00:26:45,006 SEEN SOME OF THAT. 677 00:26:45,006 --> 00:26:50,778 AND EXPLORE ASSOCIATIONS OF MTB 678 00:26:50,778 --> 00:26:52,814 AND AMYLOID AND TAU BIOMARKERS. 679 00:26:52,814 --> 00:26:54,182 YOU SAW THIS BEFORE WE HAD 88 680 00:26:54,182 --> 00:26:55,517 INDIVIDUALS. 681 00:26:55,517 --> 00:26:56,851 WE ARE STILL ENROLLING. 682 00:26:56,851 --> 00:26:59,654 BECAUSE OF THE SWITCH OVER TO 683 00:26:59,654 --> 00:27:01,289 MyCap, OUR STUDY GOT DELAYED 684 00:27:01,289 --> 00:27:04,225 FOR QUITE A NUMBER OF MONTHS 685 00:27:04,225 --> 00:27:06,161 BUT WE ARE HOPING TO GET TO THE 686 00:27:06,161 --> 00:27:08,229 100 INDIVIDUALS WE HAD 687 00:27:08,229 --> 00:27:09,364 ORIGINALLY PLANNED ON. 688 00:27:09,364 --> 00:27:14,402 YOU HEARD THEY ALL GOT THE 689 00:27:14,402 --> 00:27:15,970 IN-CLINIC TESTING, THE PACC-5. 690 00:27:15,970 --> 00:27:22,043 BUT A SUBSET OF THESE 691 00:27:22,043 --> 00:27:22,844 INDIVIDUALS HAD AMYLOID BETA 692 00:27:22,844 --> 00:27:27,782 >> Steve McCarroll: ET WITH 11C 693 00:27:27,782 --> 00:27:31,920 PITTSBURGH COMPOUND B, AND 62 694 00:27:31,920 --> 00:27:36,457 ALSO HAD TAU-PET, AND MK-6240 695 00:27:36,457 --> 00:27:37,859 DR. KEITH JOHNSON ALLOWED US TO 696 00:27:37,859 --> 00:27:39,394 USE IN HIS SAMPLE. 697 00:27:39,394 --> 00:27:47,068 YOU HAVE SEEN THIS WORK BEFORE. 698 00:27:47,068 --> 00:27:51,239 WHAT WE DID WAS CONFIRMATORY 699 00:27:51,239 --> 00:27:53,875 ANALYSIS TO SEE IF WE COULD 700 00:27:53,875 --> 00:27:55,843 UNCOVER THE MAIN FACTORS 701 00:27:55,843 --> 00:27:57,679 ASSOCIATED WITH THESE EIGHT 702 00:27:57,679 --> 00:27:57,879 TESTS. 703 00:27:57,879 --> 00:27:59,480 WHAT WE FOUND WAS SOMETHING 704 00:27:59,480 --> 00:28:01,916 SIMILAR TO WHAT THE NIH TOOLBOX 705 00:28:01,916 --> 00:28:02,717 BOUND. 706 00:28:02,717 --> 00:28:06,754 THERE WERE TWO FACTORS, ONE 707 00:28:06,754 --> 00:28:10,892 RELATED TO FLUID COGNITION AND 708 00:28:10,892 --> 00:28:11,392 ANOTHER TO CRYSTALLIZE 709 00:28:11,392 --> 00:28:12,427 COGNITION. 710 00:28:12,427 --> 00:28:18,800 WE DID LINEAR REGRESSION 711 00:28:18,800 --> 00:28:22,737 ANALYSIS WITH MTB FLUID 712 00:28:22,737 --> 00:28:23,938 COMPOSITE SCORES. AND LINEAR 713 00:28:23,938 --> 00:28:26,874 REGRESSION TO LOOK AT MTB FLUID 714 00:28:26,874 --> 00:28:29,477 COMPOSITE WITH AMYLOID AND TAU 715 00:28:29,477 --> 00:28:31,412 UP TAKE ON PET. 716 00:28:31,412 --> 00:28:33,047 ALL WERE CONTROLLED FOR AGE, 717 00:28:33,047 --> 00:28:35,717 SEX, YEARS OF EDUCATION AND TAU 718 00:28:35,717 --> 00:28:41,122 PET TRACER. 719 00:28:41,122 --> 00:28:43,791 SO IN OUR CONFIRMATORY GROUP 720 00:28:43,791 --> 00:28:45,893 ANALYSIS WE FOUND A TWO-FACTOR 721 00:28:45,893 --> 00:28:48,930 MODEL OF FLUID AND CRYSTALLIZED 722 00:28:48,930 --> 00:28:50,198 COMPONENTS. IT HAD AN ADEQUATE 723 00:28:50,198 --> 00:28:54,102 FIT. 724 00:28:54,102 --> 00:28:56,904 AS HYPOTHESIZED THE MTB FLUID 725 00:28:56,904 --> 00:28:57,505 SCORES WERE NEGATIVELY 726 00:28:57,505 --> 00:28:58,640 CORRELATED WITH AGE. 727 00:28:58,640 --> 00:29:03,077 THAT'S NOT A BAD THING, THE 728 00:29:03,077 --> 00:29:05,813 OLDER YOU GET, THE LOWER THE 729 00:29:05,813 --> 00:29:09,550 SCORES. IT'S IN LINE WITH OTHER 730 00:29:09,550 --> 00:29:12,587 STANDARDIZED COGNITIVE TIFTS 731 00:29:12,587 --> 00:29:14,689 TESTS BUT IT WAS NOT ASSOCIATED 732 00:29:14,689 --> 00:29:16,357 WITH EDUCATION. 733 00:29:16,357 --> 00:29:20,895 THE LOWER MTB SCORES WERE 734 00:29:20,895 --> 00:29:22,497 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER PACC-5 735 00:29:22,497 --> 00:29:22,797 PERFORMANCE. 736 00:29:22,797 --> 00:29:25,500 THE FLUID SCORES WITH THE 737 00:29:25,500 --> 00:29:27,168 CRYSTALLIZED SCORES. YOU SAW A 738 00:29:27,168 --> 00:29:29,137 LITTLE OF THAT THIS MORNING. 739 00:29:29,137 --> 00:29:30,672 THEN, WHAT ABOUT ITS 740 00:29:30,672 --> 00:29:32,073 ASSOCIATION WITH AMYLOID AND 741 00:29:32,073 --> 00:29:33,875 TAU DEPOSITION? 742 00:29:33,875 --> 00:29:36,210 WHAT'S INTERESTING HERE IS THAT 743 00:29:36,210 --> 00:29:37,945 THE STANDARDIZED REGRESSION 744 00:29:37,945 --> 00:29:41,282 COEFFICIENT IS PREDICTING THE 745 00:29:41,282 --> 00:29:43,451 MTB FLUID COGNITION SCORE 746 00:29:43,451 --> 00:29:46,220 SHOWED NO ASSOCIATION WITH 747 00:29:46,220 --> 00:29:47,555 GLOBAL AMYLOID. 748 00:29:47,555 --> 00:29:49,190 THAT'S NOT UNUSUAL, IN THE 749 00:29:49,190 --> 00:29:51,893 STUDIES WE HAVE DONE, IT'S VERY 750 00:29:51,893 --> 00:29:53,094 DIFFICULT, PARTICULARLY WITH 751 00:29:53,094 --> 00:29:54,429 THE NIH TOOLBOX OR MOBILE 752 00:29:54,429 --> 00:29:56,030 TOOLBOX WE DON'T SEE THAT 753 00:29:56,030 --> 00:29:57,765 CORELATION WITH AMYLOID. 754 00:29:57,765 --> 00:29:59,600 BUT WHAT'S INTERESTING IS WE DO 755 00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:09,877 SEE IT WITH TAU. 756 00:30:15,216 --> 00:30:17,051 BOTH ENTORHINAL TAO. 757 00:30:17,051 --> 00:30:18,086 IN YOUR STATISTICAL MODELS IF 758 00:30:18,086 --> 00:30:20,221 YOU DO THIS KIND OF WORK, YOU 759 00:30:20,221 --> 00:30:22,423 SEE ONCE AMYLOID AND TAU ARE 760 00:30:22,423 --> 00:30:24,659 TOGETHER IN THE MODEL, AMYLOID 761 00:30:24,659 --> 00:30:26,227 DROPS OUT AND TAU REMAINS 762 00:30:26,227 --> 00:30:27,895 SIGNIFICANT. 763 00:30:27,895 --> 00:30:30,198 THE MTB IS OPERATING IN A VERY 764 00:30:30,198 --> 00:30:32,300 SIMILAR WAY ACROSS ALL THE 765 00:30:32,300 --> 00:30:33,234 STUDIES DONE OF THIS TYPE 766 00:30:33,234 --> 00:30:34,669 AROUND THE WORLD. 767 00:30:34,669 --> 00:30:37,271 SO THAT IS REALLY POSITIVE. 768 00:30:37,271 --> 00:30:38,840 AND HERE IS THE CORRELATION 769 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:39,607 MATRIX. 770 00:30:39,607 --> 00:30:43,978 WHAT YOU SEE IS THAT AGAIN, 771 00:30:43,978 --> 00:30:46,180 THOSE INDIVIDUALS, THIS IS A 772 00:30:46,180 --> 00:30:47,682 GRAPH THAT IS REALLY SEPARATED 773 00:30:47,682 --> 00:30:50,752 OUT WITH THOSE WHO HAD AMYLOID 774 00:30:50,752 --> 00:30:53,187 POSITIVITY ON PET. 775 00:30:53,187 --> 00:30:54,055 AND AMYLOID NEGATIVE AND WHAT 776 00:30:54,055 --> 00:30:55,690 YOU COULD SEE HERE IS EXACTLY 777 00:30:55,690 --> 00:30:56,891 WHAT I SAID. 778 00:30:56,891 --> 00:31:00,428 IT'S THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE BOTH 779 00:31:00,428 --> 00:31:04,065 AMYLOID AND TAU ON PET THAT 780 00:31:04,065 --> 00:31:05,466 SHOW THE STEEPEST DECLINE. 781 00:31:05,466 --> 00:31:08,803 SO AGAIN, IT'S THE COMBINATION 782 00:31:08,803 --> 00:31:10,838 OF AMYLOID AND TAU BIOMARKERS 783 00:31:10,838 --> 00:31:14,542 THAT ARE GOING TO BE CRITICAL. 784 00:31:14,542 --> 00:31:15,843 SO WHAT DID WE LEARN? 785 00:31:15,843 --> 00:31:18,913 I THINK WE SHOWED THE REMOTE 786 00:31:18,913 --> 00:31:21,716 MTB MEASURES BOTH FLUID AND 787 00:31:21,716 --> 00:31:22,717 CRYSTALLIZED COGNITIVE 788 00:31:22,717 --> 00:31:26,687 FUNCTIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH 789 00:31:26,687 --> 00:31:28,289 STANDARDIZED IN-CLINIC 790 00:31:28,289 --> 00:31:29,891 COGNITIVE ASSESSMENTS IN THESE 791 00:31:29,891 --> 00:31:30,825 IMPAIRED OLDER ADULTS. 792 00:31:30,825 --> 00:31:31,926 THIS IS CRITICAL. 793 00:31:31,926 --> 00:31:33,661 BECAUSE WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS 794 00:31:33,661 --> 00:31:35,496 TO DETECT PEOPLE WHO ARE AT 795 00:31:35,496 --> 00:31:37,198 RISK FOR COGNITIVE DECLINE. 796 00:31:37,198 --> 00:31:37,698 PARTICULARLY THE OLDER 797 00:31:37,698 --> 00:31:38,599 INDIVIDUALS. 798 00:31:38,599 --> 00:31:41,502 THAT'S WHY I'M SO EXCITED ABOUT 799 00:31:41,502 --> 00:31:42,837 MyCog IN THE PRIMARY CARE 800 00:31:42,837 --> 00:31:43,538 SETTING. 801 00:31:43,538 --> 00:31:45,606 BECAUSE WE NEED TO DETECT THESE 802 00:31:45,606 --> 00:31:47,875 INDIVIDUALS EARLY. 803 00:31:47,875 --> 00:31:49,510 AND MTB IS SHOWING PROMISE FOR 804 00:31:49,510 --> 00:31:51,946 BEING ABLE TO DO THAT. 805 00:31:51,946 --> 00:31:53,448 FURTHER, THESE FIRST 806 00:31:53,448 --> 00:31:56,117 ASSOCIATIONS WITH AB 807 00:31:56,117 --> 00:31:57,852 BIOMARKERS SUGGEST THESE MTB 808 00:31:57,852 --> 00:31:59,320 FLUID MEASURES CAN DETECT 809 00:31:59,320 --> 00:32:02,590 COGNITIVE DIFFERENCES RELATED 810 00:32:02,590 --> 00:32:05,593 TO EARLY AD-TAU PATHOLOGY. 811 00:32:05,593 --> 00:32:07,161 WE WERE TALKING EARLIER, I'M 812 00:32:07,161 --> 00:32:09,397 REALLY INTERESTED TO SEE IF 813 00:32:09,397 --> 00:32:11,499 THESE FLUID MEASURES MAY ALSO 814 00:32:11,499 --> 00:32:13,634 BE ASSOCIATED WITH VASCULAR 815 00:32:13,634 --> 00:32:15,970 CHANGES, AND MAYBE EARLY 816 00:32:15,970 --> 00:32:16,838 VASCULAR CHANGES FOR EARLY 817 00:32:16,838 --> 00:32:18,773 INTERVENTION. 818 00:32:18,773 --> 00:32:20,208 AND FINALLY, THESE FINDS 819 00:32:20,208 --> 00:32:22,910 SUGGEST THAT LEVERAGING THE 820 00:32:22,910 --> 00:32:23,911 NUANCED COGNITIVE INFORMATION, 821 00:32:23,911 --> 00:32:25,446 CAPTURED BY THESE VARIOUS 822 00:32:25,446 --> 00:32:27,582 MEASURES INCLUDED IN THE MTB 823 00:32:27,582 --> 00:32:30,585 MAY ADD TO THE DETECTION OF 824 00:32:30,585 --> 00:32:32,920 SUBTLE COGNITIVE DEFICITS IN 825 00:32:32,920 --> 00:32:35,456 PRE-CLINICAL AD. 826 00:32:35,456 --> 00:32:37,892 WHAT WE DIDN'T EXPLORE YET IS 827 00:32:37,892 --> 00:32:39,393 THINGS LIKE REACTION TIME OR 828 00:32:39,393 --> 00:32:40,795 PROCESSING SPEED AND HOW 829 00:32:40,795 --> 00:32:42,663 PUTTING TOGETHER, YOU SAW 830 00:32:42,663 --> 00:32:44,565 VARIOUS COMPOSITE THAT'S ARE 831 00:32:44,565 --> 00:32:45,366 ALSO ASSOCIATED. 832 00:32:45,366 --> 00:32:47,168 YOU MAY NOT HAVE TO DO 833 00:32:47,168 --> 00:32:48,769 EVERYTHING ON THE MOBILE 834 00:32:48,769 --> 00:32:50,304 TOOLBOX BUT YOU COULD BE 835 00:32:50,304 --> 00:32:51,906 SELECTIVE IN YOUR RESEARCH 836 00:32:51,906 --> 00:32:53,040 STUDIES ABOUT WHICH MEASURES 837 00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:54,942 YOU THINK WILL BE ASSOCIATED 838 00:32:54,942 --> 00:32:57,612 WITH NEURAL NETWORKS IN YOUR 839 00:32:57,612 --> 00:32:58,045 DISEASE POPULATION. 840 00:32:58,045 --> 00:32:59,614 SO THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 841 00:32:59,614 --> 00:33:01,516 OH WAIT -- FUTURE DIRECTIONS. 842 00:33:01,516 --> 00:33:03,885 SORRY, I HAVE TWO MINUTES. 843 00:33:03,885 --> 00:33:05,052 LONGITUDINAL DATA COLLECTION IS 844 00:33:05,052 --> 00:33:07,455 ONGOING TO DETERMINE THE 845 00:33:07,455 --> 00:33:10,024 OPTIMAL MTB BASE COMPOSITE FOR 846 00:33:10,024 --> 00:33:10,758 DETECTING AD RELATED CHANGE 847 00:33:10,758 --> 00:33:11,526 OVER TIME. 848 00:33:11,526 --> 00:33:13,027 WE WILL SEE PEOPLE AT SIX 849 00:33:13,027 --> 00:33:14,529 MONTHS AND ONE YEAR OUT TO SEE 850 00:33:14,529 --> 00:33:15,963 IF WE COULD DO THAT. 851 00:33:15,963 --> 00:33:17,732 AND WE REALLY ARE INTERESTED IN 852 00:33:17,732 --> 00:33:20,535 FURTHER VALIDATION IN DIVERSE 853 00:33:20,535 --> 00:33:23,004 POPULATIONS WITH A FOCUS ON 854 00:33:23,004 --> 00:33:23,971 ACCEPTABILITY, FEASIBILITY AND 855 00:33:23,971 --> 00:33:26,240 RELIABILITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH 856 00:33:26,240 --> 00:33:27,775 LOWER DIGITAL LITERACY. 857 00:33:27,775 --> 00:33:29,577 AND BY PROVIDING MORE 858 00:33:29,577 --> 00:33:31,913 EFFICIENT, AS WELL AS 859 00:33:31,913 --> 00:33:32,446 ACCESSIBLE ASSESSMENT OF 860 00:33:32,446 --> 00:33:33,681 COGNITION. 861 00:33:33,681 --> 00:33:37,018 I THINK THE MTB MAY FACILITATE 862 00:33:37,018 --> 00:33:38,019 THE MONITORING OF INDIVIDUALS 863 00:33:38,019 --> 00:33:40,555 AT RISK OF AD AND RESEARCH AS 864 00:33:40,555 --> 00:33:44,158 WELL AS OTHER REAL WORLD 865 00:33:44,158 --> 00:33:45,793 SETTINGS SUCH AS HEALTHCARE 866 00:33:45,793 --> 00:33:46,594 SETTINGS. THAT'S IT. 867 00:33:46,594 --> 00:33:56,938 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 868 00:33:59,106 --> 00:34:02,343 >> MODERATOR: VERY PROMISING 869 00:34:02,343 --> 00:34:03,177 DATA, DORENE. 870 00:34:03,177 --> 00:34:04,378 EXCITING TO HEAR. 871 00:34:04,378 --> 00:34:09,317 SORRY I MISSED IT AT THE 872 00:34:09,317 --> 00:34:09,817 ALZHEIMER'S ASSOCIATION 873 00:34:09,817 --> 00:34:10,351 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. 874 00:34:10,351 --> 00:34:12,386 SO GLAD TO HEAR IT HERE. 875 00:34:12,386 --> 00:34:14,388 THE FINAL SPEAKER FOR THIS 876 00:34:14,388 --> 00:34:23,164 SESSION IS RACHEL NOSHENY FROM 877 00:34:23,164 --> 00:34:23,798 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN 878 00:34:23,798 --> 00:34:25,333 FRANCISCO. 879 00:34:25,333 --> 00:34:30,137 HER TITLE IS MOBILE TOOLBOX 880 00:34:30,137 --> 00:34:30,938 REMOTE UNSUPERVISED 881 00:34:30,938 --> 00:34:33,074 LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT OF 882 00:34:33,074 --> 00:34:34,909 COHORT IN THE UCSF BRAIN HEALTH 883 00:34:34,909 --> 00:34:35,176 REGISTRY. 884 00:34:35,176 --> 00:34:35,977 RACHEL? 885 00:34:35,977 --> 00:34:46,520 >> RACHEL NOSHENY: THANK YOU SO 886 00:34:48,456 --> 00:34:49,457 MUCH, MOLLY. 887 00:34:49,457 --> 00:34:51,359 AND THANKS FOR THE OPPORTUNITY 888 00:34:51,359 --> 00:34:54,996 TO SPEAK TODAY. 889 00:34:54,996 --> 00:34:56,931 THESE ARE MY DISCLOSURES 890 00:34:56,931 --> 00:34:57,932 RELATED TO THIS WORK. 891 00:34:57,932 --> 00:34:59,433 THE GREAT THING TO GIVE THIS 892 00:34:59,433 --> 00:35:01,435 TALK IN THE AFTERNOON, YOU HEAR 893 00:35:01,435 --> 00:35:03,070 ALL THE GREAT TALKS. 894 00:35:03,070 --> 00:35:04,705 I CAN PROBABLY JUST DIVE RIGHT 895 00:35:04,705 --> 00:35:07,008 IN AND GIVE VERY LITTLE OF THIS 896 00:35:07,008 --> 00:35:08,909 BACKGROUND BUT JUST TO HIT A 897 00:35:08,909 --> 00:35:11,245 FEW HIGHLIGHTS THERE ARE VERY 898 00:35:11,245 --> 00:35:12,279 MANY HIGH IMPACT APPLICATIONS 899 00:35:12,279 --> 00:35:16,884 OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND 900 00:35:16,884 --> 00:35:20,621 VALIDATION AS EFFICIENT, 901 00:35:20,621 --> 00:35:22,456 SCALABLE ASSESSABLE ASSESSMENT. 902 00:35:22,456 --> 00:35:24,091 RECRUITMENT AND SCREENING FOR 903 00:35:24,091 --> 00:35:25,760 CLINICAL TRIALS FOR 904 00:35:25,760 --> 00:35:29,397 OBSERVATIONAL STUDIS TO 905 00:35:29,397 --> 00:35:30,531 FACILITATE LONGITUDE GNAT. 906 00:35:30,531 --> 00:35:35,002 AND SCREENING IN ALL SORTS OF 907 00:35:35,002 --> 00:35:35,803 SETTINGS. 908 00:35:35,803 --> 00:35:43,477 YOU CAN'T HEAR ME? 909 00:35:43,477 --> 00:35:50,951 I CAN SPEAK LOUDER. 910 00:35:50,951 --> 00:35:52,586 A LITTLE BIT BETTER? 911 00:35:52,586 --> 00:35:53,487 CAN EVERYONE HEAR ME? 912 00:35:53,487 --> 00:35:54,488 ALL RIGHT, GREAT. 913 00:35:54,488 --> 00:35:56,090 THE GOALS OF THE STUDY I WILL 914 00:35:56,090 --> 00:35:59,960 TALK TO YOU ABOUT WERE TO 915 00:35:59,960 --> 00:36:02,229 ASSESS FEASIBILITY, COMPLIANCE, 916 00:36:02,229 --> 00:36:02,730 USABILITY, LONGITUDINAL 917 00:36:02,730 --> 00:36:04,999 RETENTION AND VALIDITY OF THE 918 00:36:04,999 --> 00:36:09,303 MOBILE TOOLBOX IN A COMPLETELY 919 00:36:09,303 --> 00:36:13,140 REMOTE, UNSUPERVISED ONLINE 920 00:36:13,140 --> 00:36:13,874 SETTING IN ETHNO CULTURALLY 921 00:36:13,874 --> 00:36:16,977 COHORT. 922 00:36:16,977 --> 00:36:23,384 WE USED THE UCSF BRAIN REGISTRY. 923 00:36:23,384 --> 00:36:25,553 VERY FEW OF THE PARTICIPANTS IN 924 00:36:25,553 --> 00:36:27,588 THE BRAIN HEALTH REGISTRY HAVE 925 00:36:27,588 --> 00:36:29,623 ANY SORT OF IN-CLINIC, MOST 926 00:36:29,623 --> 00:36:30,658 THINGS ARE DONE COMPLETELY 927 00:36:30,658 --> 00:36:33,861 REMOTELY. 928 00:36:33,861 --> 00:36:35,396 INCLUDES DIGITAL UNSUPERVISED 929 00:36:35,396 --> 00:36:37,598 COGNITIVE TESTS ACROSS DOMAIN 930 00:36:37,598 --> 00:36:40,868 AND LONGITUDINAL COGNITIVE DATA 931 00:36:40,868 --> 00:36:41,802 IS COLLECTED SOEFL REPORT 932 00:36:41,802 --> 00:36:42,970 QUESTIONNAIRES. 933 00:36:42,970 --> 00:36:45,039 A NUMBER OF RECENT INITIATIVES 934 00:36:45,039 --> 00:36:47,174 ARE AIMED AT IMPROVING 935 00:36:47,174 --> 00:36:48,342 DIVERSITY, SPECIFICALLY 936 00:36:48,342 --> 00:36:49,744 INCREASING REPRESENTATION OF 937 00:36:49,744 --> 00:36:52,546 BLACK AND LATINO INDIVIDUALS. 938 00:36:52,546 --> 00:36:55,182 AND ONE KIND OF UNIQUE FEATURE 939 00:36:55,182 --> 00:36:57,718 OF THE BRAIN HEALTH REGISTRY, A 940 00:36:57,718 --> 00:36:59,487 MAJOR GOAL IS TO FACILITATE 941 00:36:59,487 --> 00:37:00,421 OTHER STUDIES. 942 00:37:00,421 --> 00:37:04,825 ONE WAY WE DO SO IS BY 943 00:37:04,825 --> 00:37:05,459 REFERRING BHR INTO OTHER 944 00:37:05,459 --> 00:37:08,095 STUDIES. 945 00:37:08,095 --> 00:37:09,997 WE HAVE DONE 259,000 REFERRALS. 946 00:37:09,997 --> 00:37:11,866 ONE PERSON COULD BE REFERRED 947 00:37:11,866 --> 00:37:16,070 MORE THAN ONCE INTO ABOUT 32 948 00:37:16,070 --> 00:37:17,505 STUDIES WITH ABOUT 26,000 949 00:37:17,505 --> 00:37:18,606 PARTICIPANTS ENROLLED. 950 00:37:18,606 --> 00:37:21,008 AS WELL AS THIS ROBUST SYSTEM 951 00:37:21,008 --> 00:37:22,643 IN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR REFERRING 952 00:37:22,643 --> 00:37:24,011 PEOPLE TO STUDIES TO CONDUCT 953 00:37:24,011 --> 00:37:25,412 THE STUDY I WILL TALK TO YOU 954 00:37:25,412 --> 00:37:28,015 ABOUT, WHICH IS THE BHR MOBILE 955 00:37:28,015 --> 00:37:30,751 TOOLBOX STUDY IN TERMS OF 956 00:37:30,751 --> 00:37:32,186 RECRUITMENT AND STUDY DESIGN 957 00:37:32,186 --> 00:37:34,522 ELIGIBLE PARTICIPANTS WERE SENT 958 00:37:34,522 --> 00:37:37,158 A SERIES OF AUTOMATED REFERRAL 959 00:37:37,158 --> 00:37:40,060 EMAILS. TO BE ELIGIBLE THEY HAD 960 00:37:40,060 --> 00:37:43,097 TO BE OPTED IN TO LEARNING 961 00:37:43,097 --> 00:37:45,499 ABOUT FUTURE RESEARCH 962 00:37:45,499 --> 00:37:47,001 OPPORTUNITIES, ENGLISH SPEAKING 963 00:37:47,001 --> 00:37:49,670 AND COMPATIBLE PHONE. 964 00:37:49,670 --> 00:37:51,472 THOSE WHO INDICATED STUDY 965 00:37:51,472 --> 00:37:52,807 INTEREST WERE PROVIDED 966 00:37:52,807 --> 00:37:55,576 INSTRUCTIONS WITHIN THE BHR 967 00:37:55,576 --> 00:37:56,744 ONLINE PORTAL. 968 00:37:56,744 --> 00:37:59,346 A SUBSET OF THOSE WHO COMPLETED 969 00:37:59,346 --> 00:38:00,681 THE BASELINE ASSESSMENT WITHIN 970 00:38:00,681 --> 00:38:02,683 THREE DAYS WERE INVITED TO 971 00:38:02,683 --> 00:38:05,452 CONTINUE INTO THE LONGITUDINAL 972 00:38:05,452 --> 00:38:11,325 STUDY WHICH CONSISTED OF A 973 00:38:11,325 --> 00:38:12,092 SINGLE LONGITUDINAL STUDY. 974 00:38:12,092 --> 00:38:14,094 THE ORDER OF THE TESTING 975 00:38:14,094 --> 00:38:17,231 RANDOMIZED WITH HALF THE PEOPLE 976 00:38:17,231 --> 00:38:20,000 TAKING IT FORWARD, HALF IN 977 00:38:20,000 --> 00:38:20,968 REVERSE. 978 00:38:20,968 --> 00:38:23,204 AFTER THEY COMPLETED IN SIX 979 00:38:23,204 --> 00:38:25,840 MONTH INTERVALS AND GIVEN $25 980 00:38:25,840 --> 00:38:27,675 FOR TIME POINT FOR COMPLETION. 981 00:38:27,675 --> 00:38:29,109 IN TERMS OF ENROLLMENT AND 982 00:38:29,109 --> 00:38:30,678 DEMOGRAPHICS. 983 00:38:30,678 --> 00:38:32,346 WE INVITED 48,000 PEOPLE. 984 00:38:32,346 --> 00:38:35,149 OUT OF THOSE ABOUT 17% OR ABOUT 985 00:38:35,149 --> 00:38:36,817 8200 RESPONDED. 986 00:38:36,817 --> 00:38:39,353 AND ABOUT 15% OR A LITTLE OVER 987 00:38:39,353 --> 00:38:40,287 7100 ENROLLED. 988 00:38:40,287 --> 00:38:41,922 THIS WAS OVER ABOUT A 989 00:38:41,922 --> 00:38:44,124 FOUR-MONTH PERIOD. 990 00:38:44,124 --> 00:38:47,228 OUT OF THOSE ABOUT 3500 991 00:38:47,228 --> 00:38:48,062 COMPLETED THE ASSESSMENTS AT 992 00:38:48,062 --> 00:38:49,063 BASELINE. 993 00:38:49,063 --> 00:38:50,664 OUT OF ALL THOSE ENROLLED, MOST 994 00:38:50,664 --> 00:38:54,401 OF THEM A LITTLE OVER 6700 WENT 995 00:38:54,401 --> 00:38:59,874 INTO THE BASELINE-ONLY COHORT 996 00:38:59,874 --> 00:39:02,576 AND 1327 WERE SELECTED TO 997 00:39:02,576 --> 00:39:03,711 ENROLL IN THE LONGITUDINAL 998 00:39:03,711 --> 00:39:05,613 COHORT. 999 00:39:05,613 --> 00:39:06,480 BASELINE GROUP, ABOUT 64 YEARS 1000 00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:10,050 OLD. 1001 00:39:10,050 --> 00:39:10,985 77% FEMALE, 16.5 YEARS OF 1002 00:39:10,985 --> 00:39:13,120 EDUCATION. 1003 00:39:13,120 --> 00:39:14,521 THERE'S STRATIFICATION BY ETHNO 1004 00:39:14,521 --> 00:39:15,522 CULTURAL GROUP WHICH I WILL 1005 00:39:15,522 --> 00:39:18,659 TALK ABOUT MORE IN A MINUTE. 1006 00:39:18,659 --> 00:39:20,160 THE LONGITUDINAL COHORT WAS 1007 00:39:20,160 --> 00:39:22,596 SIMILAR. 1008 00:39:22,596 --> 00:39:24,632 SLIGHTLY MORE REPRESENTATION OF 1009 00:39:24,632 --> 00:39:31,338 FEMALES AND MORE ETHNO CULTURAL 1010 00:39:31,338 --> 00:39:33,307 DIVERSITY. 1011 00:39:33,307 --> 00:39:34,608 WE LOOKED AT DIFFERENCES 1012 00:39:34,608 --> 00:39:35,309 BETWEEN THOSE INVITED AND 1013 00:39:35,309 --> 00:39:36,710 ENROLLED. 1014 00:39:36,710 --> 00:39:37,645 COMPARED TO THOSE INVITED AT 1015 00:39:37,645 --> 00:39:40,347 THE TOP OF THE FUNNEL THOSE 1016 00:39:40,347 --> 00:39:42,316 PARTICIPANTS WERE OLDER, HIGHER 1017 00:39:42,316 --> 00:39:44,919 EDUCATION LEVELS, MORE WERE 1018 00:39:44,919 --> 00:39:47,087 FEMALE AND IDENTIFIED AS NON 1019 00:39:47,087 --> 00:39:48,255 LATIN-X, WHITE. 1020 00:39:48,255 --> 00:39:50,691 THIS IS SOMETHING WE SEE IN 1021 00:39:50,691 --> 00:39:52,826 OTHER REFERRAL STUDIES BUT AN 1022 00:39:52,826 --> 00:39:54,528 IMPORTANT THING TO CONSIDER AS 1023 00:39:54,528 --> 00:39:56,063 FAR AS SELECTION BIASES WHEN 1024 00:39:56,063 --> 00:39:58,565 CONDUCTING THIS TYPE OF STUDY. 1025 00:39:58,565 --> 00:40:00,000 FOR THE LONGITUDINAL STUDY, I 1026 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,169 WILL FOCUS ON THAT FOR THE NEXT 1027 00:40:02,169 --> 00:40:03,704 COUPLE MINUTES, WE AIMED FOR A 1028 00:40:03,704 --> 00:40:05,306 DIVERSE COHORT. 1029 00:40:05,306 --> 00:40:10,844 AND SPECIFICALLY WE AIMED FOR 1030 00:40:10,844 --> 00:40:13,514 DISTRIBUTION, EVEN DISTRIBUTION 1031 00:40:13,514 --> 00:40:15,215 ACROSS 7 10-YEAR AGE BANDS, 1032 00:40:15,215 --> 00:40:17,217 WHICH YOU COULD SEE ON THE LEFT. 1033 00:40:17,217 --> 00:40:18,752 THERE'S A SLIDE MISSING THERE. 1034 00:40:18,752 --> 00:40:21,388 THAT'S OKAY. 1035 00:40:21,388 --> 00:40:22,189 WE AIM FOR ETHNOCULTURAL 1036 00:40:22,189 --> 00:40:23,123 DIVERSITY. 1037 00:40:23,123 --> 00:40:25,826 SO AT LEAST 5% WHO IDENTIFY AS 1038 00:40:25,826 --> 00:40:30,064 BLACK, AT LEAST 15% LATINO. 1039 00:40:30,064 --> 00:40:32,099 LESS THAN 70% NON LATINO WHITE. 1040 00:40:32,099 --> 00:40:34,034 FOR EDUCATION IN EACH OF THOSE 1041 00:40:34,034 --> 00:40:36,737 AGE BANDS WE AIM FOR 60% WITH 1042 00:40:36,737 --> 00:40:40,007 LESS THAN 16 YEARS EDUCATION. 1043 00:40:40,007 --> 00:40:41,275 AND RECRUITMENT WAS COMPLETED 1044 00:40:41,275 --> 00:40:42,576 IN SMALL WAVES TO MAXIMIZE 1045 00:40:42,576 --> 00:40:43,410 DIVERSITY. 1046 00:40:43,410 --> 00:40:45,412 WHAT I MEAN IS WE STARTED BY 1047 00:40:45,412 --> 00:40:47,147 INVITING A FEW PEOPLE TO SEE 1048 00:40:47,147 --> 00:40:49,316 HOW THESE CELLS WERE FILLING. 1049 00:40:49,316 --> 00:40:51,585 AND THEN DEPENDING ON HOW WELL 1050 00:40:51,585 --> 00:40:54,421 WE FILLED CERTAIN CELLS WE 1051 00:40:54,421 --> 00:40:55,155 FOCUSED ON DIFFERENT GROUPS OF 1052 00:40:55,155 --> 00:40:56,857 INTEREST. 1053 00:40:56,857 --> 00:40:59,360 SO HOW DID WE DO IN TERMS OF 1054 00:40:59,360 --> 00:41:01,195 ACTUAL ENROLLMENT? 1055 00:41:01,195 --> 00:41:02,997 EACH CELL SHOWS THE NUMBER OF 1056 00:41:02,997 --> 00:41:03,797 PARTICIPANTS ENROLLED OVER THE 1057 00:41:03,797 --> 00:41:05,632 TARGET. 1058 00:41:05,632 --> 00:41:08,168 SO ALL THE GREEN CELLS ARE 1059 00:41:08,168 --> 00:41:10,070 WHERE ENROLLMENT EXCEEDED THE 1060 00:41:10,070 --> 00:41:12,940 TARGET BY OVER 10%. 1061 00:41:12,940 --> 00:41:14,308 UBER ENROLLMENT. 1062 00:41:14,308 --> 00:41:16,143 OVER REPRESENTATION. 1063 00:41:16,143 --> 00:41:17,778 YELLOW WE WERE CLOSE TO HITTING 1064 00:41:17,778 --> 00:41:19,079 THE TARGET. 1065 00:41:19,079 --> 00:41:20,581 AND PINK WAS WHERE THE 1066 00:41:20,581 --> 00:41:23,117 ENROLLMENT WAS LOWER THAN THE 1067 00:41:23,117 --> 00:41:27,154 TARGET BY OVER 10%. 1068 00:41:27,154 --> 00:41:29,089 I JUST WANT TO HIGHLIGHT SOME 1069 00:41:29,089 --> 00:41:30,157 THINGS IN TERMS OF ACTUAL 1070 00:41:30,157 --> 00:41:31,091 ENROLLMENT. 1071 00:41:31,091 --> 00:41:33,027 FIRST, IN TERMS OF THE TOTAL 1072 00:41:33,027 --> 00:41:37,164 NUMBER OF PEOPLE ENROLLED, WE 1073 00:41:37,164 --> 00:41:41,301 ENROLLED MORE THAN ANTICIPATED. 1074 00:41:41,301 --> 00:41:43,037 WE DIDN'T MEET THE ENROLLMENT 1075 00:41:43,037 --> 00:41:44,938 TARGETS FOR THOSE WHO IDENTIFY 1076 00:41:44,938 --> 00:41:46,473 AS BLACK AND LATIN-X. 1077 00:41:46,473 --> 00:41:48,876 SO AGAIN, THE GOAL WAS OVER 5% 1078 00:41:48,876 --> 00:41:54,648 BLACK AND OVER 15% LATIN-X. 1079 00:41:54,648 --> 00:41:58,152 WE DID THE BEST IN THE MIDDLE 1080 00:41:58,152 --> 00:42:00,120 AGE BANDS BETWEEN 40 AND 80 1081 00:42:00,120 --> 00:42:01,822 YEARS OLD. 1082 00:42:01,822 --> 00:42:06,860 AND WE HAD THE LEAST SUCCESS 1083 00:42:06,860 --> 00:42:09,196 ENROLLING THOSE WHO IDENTIFIED 1084 00:42:09,196 --> 00:42:12,032 AS BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN, 1085 00:42:12,032 --> 00:42:13,200 ESPECIALLY THOSE WITH LOWER 1086 00:42:13,200 --> 00:42:14,835 EDUCATION LEVELS. 1087 00:42:14,835 --> 00:42:20,307 SO AGAIN, I THINK THIS IS 1088 00:42:20,307 --> 00:42:22,109 IMPORTANT YOU UNDERSTAND THIS 1089 00:42:22,109 --> 00:42:23,477 AS SELECTION BIAS IN THIS SORT 1090 00:42:23,477 --> 00:42:25,446 OF STUDY. 1091 00:42:25,446 --> 00:42:26,713 WE ALSO LOOKED AT COMPLETION 1092 00:42:26,713 --> 00:42:29,817 RATES. 1093 00:42:29,817 --> 00:42:30,884 LONGITUDINAL COMPLETION RATES 1094 00:42:30,884 --> 00:42:33,754 OF THE MOBILE TOOLBOX 1095 00:42:33,754 --> 00:42:35,656 ASSESSMENTS. AT BASELINE AND 1096 00:42:35,656 --> 00:42:37,057 DIFFERENT TIME POINTS, YOU 1097 00:42:37,057 --> 00:42:42,529 COULD SEE THOSE ALONG THE 1098 00:42:42,529 --> 00:42:43,297 HORIZONTAL ACCESS, LONGITUDINAL 1099 00:42:43,297 --> 00:42:45,432 TIME POINT. 1100 00:42:45,432 --> 00:42:49,670 MONTH, SIX, 12 OR 18. 1101 00:42:49,670 --> 00:42:52,206 AND YOU COULD SEE OVERALL THE 1102 00:42:52,206 --> 00:42:53,640 COMPLETION RATE, THE BLACK 1103 00:42:53,640 --> 00:42:56,343 BARS, THAT'S THE TOTAL COHORT 1104 00:42:56,343 --> 00:42:58,879 RANGE FROM 52% TO 59%. 1105 00:42:58,879 --> 00:43:01,081 THE NICE THING IS IF YOU LOOK 1106 00:43:01,081 --> 00:43:03,250 OVER TIME, THOUGH YOU HAVE KIND 1107 00:43:03,250 --> 00:43:05,052 OF A SIGNIFICANT DROP-OFF AS 1108 00:43:05,052 --> 00:43:06,053 FIRST, THE FIRST ASSESSMENT, 1109 00:43:06,053 --> 00:43:07,855 YOU KIND OF DON'T SEE THAT 1110 00:43:07,855 --> 00:43:10,791 ATTRITION OVER TIME. 1111 00:43:10,791 --> 00:43:13,627 COMPLETION RATES IMPORTANTLY 1112 00:43:13,627 --> 00:43:15,162 DID VARY BY ETHNOCULTURAL GROUP 1113 00:43:15,162 --> 00:43:18,799 WITH BOTH AT BASELINE AND 1114 00:43:18,799 --> 00:43:19,333 LONGITUDINALLY, LOWER 1115 00:43:19,333 --> 00:43:21,034 COMPLETION RATES FOR THOSE 1116 00:43:21,034 --> 00:43:23,904 IDENTIFYING AS BLACK, LATIN-X, 1117 00:43:23,904 --> 00:43:24,638 AND ANOTHER ETHNOCULTURAL GROUP 1118 00:43:24,638 --> 00:43:26,206 AS WELL. 1119 00:43:26,206 --> 00:43:28,342 AND SO AGAIN, GOING BACK TO 1120 00:43:28,342 --> 00:43:30,144 THOSE SAME ISSUE OF SELECTION 1121 00:43:30,144 --> 00:43:34,715 BIASES, NOT JUST IN THE INITIAL 1122 00:43:34,715 --> 00:43:36,350 ENROLLMENT BUT COMPLIANCE AND 1123 00:43:36,350 --> 00:43:39,553 RETENTION OVER TIME IS SIMILAR. 1124 00:43:39,553 --> 00:43:41,255 FINALLY, TO ADDRESS USABILITY 1125 00:43:41,255 --> 00:43:42,890 IN THIS COMPLETELY REMOTE 1126 00:43:42,890 --> 00:43:44,925 SETTING, WE WANTED TO QUANTITY 1127 00:43:44,925 --> 00:43:46,093 THE AMOUNT OF PARTICIPANT 1128 00:43:46,093 --> 00:43:46,860 SUPPORT REQUESTED. 1129 00:43:46,860 --> 00:43:50,364 SO OUT OF THE OVER 7100 1130 00:43:50,364 --> 00:43:51,798 PARTICIPANTS WHO WERE ENROLLED, 1131 00:43:51,798 --> 00:43:56,770 BOTH THE BASELINE AND 1132 00:43:56,770 --> 00:44:02,009 LONGITUDINAL COHORT, 1205 1133 00:44:02,009 --> 00:44:02,843 INDIVIDUAL ZENDESK TICKETS WERE 1134 00:44:02,843 --> 00:44:04,511 REPORTED. 1135 00:44:04,511 --> 00:44:08,682 WE BREAK DOWN BY THE TYPE OF 1136 00:44:08,682 --> 00:44:11,185 SUPPORT REQUESTS, 78% WERE 1137 00:44:11,185 --> 00:44:11,752 MOBILE TOOLBOX, PROCEDURAL 1138 00:44:11,752 --> 00:44:13,720 ASPECT. 1139 00:44:13,720 --> 00:44:16,356 16 PIRS PERCENT GENERAL BRAIN 1140 00:44:16,356 --> 00:44:18,559 HEALTH REGISTRY INQUIRIES, 5% 1141 00:44:18,559 --> 00:44:19,660 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REQUESTS 1142 00:44:19,660 --> 00:44:20,694 AND 1% FOR SUGGESTIONS OR 1143 00:44:20,694 --> 00:44:22,296 FEEDBACK. 1144 00:44:22,296 --> 00:44:24,731 SO JUST TO SUMMARIZE, EFFICIENT 1145 00:44:24,731 --> 00:44:26,133 ENROLLMENT AND TASK COMPLETION 1146 00:44:26,133 --> 00:44:29,369 OF A LARGE COHORT IN THE MOBILE 1147 00:44:29,369 --> 00:44:31,705 TOOLBOX STUDY IS FEASIBLE IN A 1148 00:44:31,705 --> 00:44:33,207 COMPLETELY REMOTE SETTING. 1149 00:44:33,207 --> 00:44:36,944 WE ENROLLED MANY IN A 1150 00:44:36,944 --> 00:44:38,679 FIVE-MONTH PERIOD WITH 1151 00:44:38,679 --> 00:44:41,114 COMPLETION RATES GREATER THAN 1152 00:44:41,114 --> 00:44:45,219 50%. 1153 00:44:45,219 --> 00:44:47,788 ACHIEVING ROBUST ETHNO CULTURAL 1154 00:44:47,788 --> 00:44:51,658 AND EDUCATIONAL DIVERSITY 1155 00:44:51,658 --> 00:44:52,159 ESPECIALLY LONGITUDINAL 1156 00:44:52,159 --> 00:44:53,393 FOLLOW-UP. 1157 00:44:53,393 --> 00:44:56,730 MOST WERE ABLE TO COMPLETE MTB 1158 00:44:56,730 --> 00:44:57,998 WITHOUT INDIVIDUAL SUPPORT. 1159 00:44:57,998 --> 00:45:00,100 WE DID GET A LOT OF REQUESTS 1160 00:45:00,100 --> 00:45:01,702 FOR SUPPORT WHICH IS IMPORTANT 1161 00:45:01,702 --> 00:45:03,470 TO CONSIDER FOR DEPLOYING IN A 1162 00:45:03,470 --> 00:45:04,438 COMPLETELY REMOTE SETTING. 1163 00:45:04,438 --> 00:45:08,008 AND IT COULD BE SCALED UP TO 1164 00:45:08,008 --> 00:45:09,543 EFFICIENTLY ASSESS COGNITION IN 1165 00:45:09,543 --> 00:45:10,744 MANY SETTINGS. 1166 00:45:10,744 --> 00:45:15,082 NOW WE WANT TO DIG INTO THE 1167 00:45:15,082 --> 00:45:17,084 DATA AND CATEGORIZE 1168 00:45:17,084 --> 00:45:18,385 PERFORMANCE, VALIDITY, 1169 00:45:18,385 --> 00:45:19,052 RESPONSIVENESS TO CHANGE OVER 1170 00:45:19,052 --> 00:45:19,920 TIME. 1171 00:45:19,920 --> 00:45:22,856 THE NEXT PHASE OF THE STUDY, 1172 00:45:22,856 --> 00:45:25,659 VERY EXCITEDLY, WE WILL BE 1173 00:45:25,659 --> 00:45:27,794 DEVELOPING AND EVALUATING 1174 00:45:27,794 --> 00:45:29,596 NOVEL, CULTURALLY INFORMED 1175 00:45:29,596 --> 00:45:30,130 INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT 1176 00:45:30,130 --> 00:45:31,932 STRATEGIES. 1177 00:45:31,932 --> 00:45:33,367 EVALUATE COMPLIANCE AND 1178 00:45:33,367 --> 00:45:33,934 RETENTION OVER LONGER TIME 1179 00:45:33,934 --> 00:45:38,705 PERIODS. 1180 00:45:38,705 --> 00:45:40,173 IDENTIFY PARTICIPANT 1181 00:45:40,173 --> 00:45:41,041 CHARACTERISTICS, DEMOGRAPHICS 1182 00:45:41,041 --> 00:45:42,175 COGNITIVE ASSOCIATED WITH 1183 00:45:42,175 --> 00:45:44,278 COMPLIANCE AND RETENTION AND 1184 00:45:44,278 --> 00:45:45,279 INVESTIGATE RELATIONSHIP 1185 00:45:45,279 --> 00:45:47,514 BETWEEN MTB MEASURE PERFORMANCE 1186 00:45:47,514 --> 00:45:57,991 AND ADDITIONAL BRAIN HEALTH 1187 00:46:05,766 --> 00:46:08,101 REGISTRY ASSESSMENTS. THANK YOU. 1188 00:46:08,101 --> 00:46:11,338 >> MODERATOR: I WAS SO 1189 00:46:11,338 --> 00:46:12,939 ENGROSSED IN YOUR TALK, RACHEL, 1190 00:46:12,939 --> 00:46:14,341 I SCARED MYSELF WHEN THE TIMER 1191 00:46:14,341 --> 00:46:15,475 WENT OFF. 1192 00:46:15,475 --> 00:46:16,977 BUT EVERYONE WAS RIGHT ON TIME, 1193 00:46:16,977 --> 00:46:19,579 SO THAT WAS TERRIFIC. 1194 00:46:19,579 --> 00:46:21,815 SO WE HAVE ABOUT 15 MINUTES, AS 1195 00:46:21,815 --> 00:46:23,884 SCHEDULED. 1196 00:46:23,884 --> 00:46:25,218 SO PERFECT TIMING FOR QUESTIONS 1197 00:46:25,218 --> 00:46:27,621 FROM THE AUDIENCE. 1198 00:46:27,621 --> 00:46:28,522 WOULD ANYONE, AND AGAIN, 1199 00:46:28,522 --> 00:46:30,023 PLEASE, IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS I 1200 00:46:30,023 --> 00:46:31,425 WOULD APPRECIATE IT IF YOU 1201 00:46:31,425 --> 00:46:33,860 COULD COME DOWN AND USE THE 1202 00:46:33,860 --> 00:46:35,562 MICROPHONE SIMPLY SO THOSE WHO 1203 00:46:35,562 --> 00:46:36,797 ARE LISTENING IN VIRTUALLY CAN 1204 00:46:36,797 --> 00:46:39,099 HEAR THE QUESTION AND ALSO THAT 1205 00:46:39,099 --> 00:46:41,201 IT WOULD BE AUDIBLE FOR 1206 00:46:41,201 --> 00:46:44,571 VIDEOCAST. 1207 00:46:44,571 --> 00:46:48,008 ANY QUESTIONS TO START? 1208 00:46:48,008 --> 00:46:48,842 OKAY, WELL THEN, FINE. 1209 00:46:48,842 --> 00:46:50,143 I HAVE ONE. 1210 00:46:50,143 --> 00:46:52,746 AND ACTUALLY, YOU NO I, THIS IS 1211 00:46:52,746 --> 00:46:54,781 SORT OF THE RECENCY EFFECT. 1212 00:46:54,781 --> 00:46:56,483 RACHEL, I WANTED TO ASK YOU, 1213 00:46:56,483 --> 00:47:00,454 IT'S NOT SO MUCH THE MOBILE 1214 00:47:00,454 --> 00:47:03,957 TOOLBOX, ITSELF, BUT THE ISSUE 1215 00:47:03,957 --> 00:47:09,262 OF BEING ABLE TO RECRUIT AND 1216 00:47:09,262 --> 00:47:10,497 RETAIN A DIVERSE ENROLLMENT FOR 1217 00:47:10,497 --> 00:47:11,465 THE STUDY. 1218 00:47:11,465 --> 00:47:14,668 AND I BELIEVE YOU ALSO, SO IF 1219 00:47:14,668 --> 00:47:16,203 YOU HAVE ANYTHING TO SHARE 1220 00:47:16,203 --> 00:47:19,840 THERE, ANY SORT OF LESSONS 1221 00:47:19,840 --> 00:47:21,675 LEARNED FROM THAT EXPERIENCE, 1222 00:47:21,675 --> 00:47:23,577 AS TO WHAT, YOU KNOW, MIGHT BE 1223 00:47:23,577 --> 00:47:26,813 THINGS TO TRY OR THAT WOULD BE 1224 00:47:26,813 --> 00:47:28,648 BETTER FOR THE FUTURE, I 1225 00:47:28,648 --> 00:47:32,886 BELIEVE YOU WERE REMARKING 1226 00:47:32,886 --> 00:47:35,222 SOMETHING ABOUT UPTAKE OR 1227 00:47:35,222 --> 00:47:38,458 PEOPLE'S MAYBE LACK OF WANTING 1228 00:47:38,458 --> 00:47:39,259 TO CONTINUE LONGITUDINALLY, 1229 00:47:39,259 --> 00:47:40,961 THAT THERE WERE MAYBE SOME 1230 00:47:40,961 --> 00:47:42,963 BARRIERS, I DON'T KNOW WHETHER 1231 00:47:42,963 --> 00:47:44,097 THEY WERE PSYCHOLOGICAL 1232 00:47:44,097 --> 00:47:45,532 BARRIERS OR OTHER BARRIERS TO 1233 00:47:45,532 --> 00:47:48,235 MAYBE CONTINUING TO BE IN A 1234 00:47:48,235 --> 00:47:49,002 STUDY LONGITUDINALLY USING THE 1235 00:47:49,002 --> 00:47:59,279 MOBILE TOOLBOX? 1236 00:48:05,385 --> 00:48:07,220 >> RACHEL: I THINK THIS IS VERY 1237 00:48:07,220 --> 00:48:08,221 IMPORTANT AND NOT UNIQUE TO 1238 00:48:08,221 --> 00:48:09,256 THIS STUDY. 1239 00:48:09,256 --> 00:48:15,796 WHAT WE SEE IS EVERY STEP IN A 1240 00:48:15,796 --> 00:48:18,331 RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION, WE 1241 00:48:18,331 --> 00:48:19,866 SEE SELECTION BIAS AMPLIFIED. 1242 00:48:19,866 --> 00:48:26,139 TO BE USED HERE, THIS IS OUR 1243 00:48:26,139 --> 00:48:28,341 [INAUDIBLE] 1244 00:48:28,341 --> 00:48:30,544 BOTH WITH THE INCLUSION AND 1245 00:48:30,544 --> 00:48:31,778 ENGAGEMENT. 1246 00:48:31,778 --> 00:48:35,115 WE HAVE A NUMBER OF OTHER 1247 00:48:35,115 --> 00:48:39,152 INITIATIVES THAT ARE REALLY 1248 00:48:39,152 --> 00:48:40,454 LOOKING AT AGAIN 1249 00:48:40,454 --> 00:48:42,589 CULTURALLY-INFORMED BUT ALSO 1250 00:48:42,589 --> 00:48:47,260 INTENSIVE AND A MULTI-MODAL 1251 00:48:47,260 --> 00:48:48,028 ENGAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR DOING 1252 00:48:48,028 --> 00:48:49,396 BETTER. 1253 00:48:49,396 --> 00:48:52,766 SO IN GENERAL THE BRAIN HEALTH 1254 00:48:52,766 --> 00:48:56,369 REGISTRY IS HANDS-OFF. 1255 00:48:56,369 --> 00:48:58,405 AUTOMATED EMAILS, INVITATIONS. 1256 00:48:58,405 --> 00:49:00,173 TO COMPLETE TASKS. 1257 00:49:00,173 --> 00:49:03,276 [OFF MIC] 1258 00:49:03,276 --> 00:49:07,347 WE ARE LOOKING HOW WE COULD 1259 00:49:07,347 --> 00:49:08,915 GIVE BACK [ INDISCERNIBLE ] 1260 00:49:08,915 --> 00:49:10,584 MORE AND HOW WE COULD IMPROVE 1261 00:49:10,584 --> 00:49:12,786 THE USER EXPERIENCE. 1262 00:49:12,786 --> 00:49:14,721 >> MODERATOR: I HAPPEN TO KNOW 1263 00:49:14,721 --> 00:49:18,959 FOR THE BRAIN REGISTRY, THE 1264 00:49:18,959 --> 00:49:20,894 GROUP INITIATED A PRETTY 1265 00:49:20,894 --> 00:49:23,730 INTENSIVE OUTREACH TO THE 1266 00:49:23,730 --> 00:49:31,638 HISPANIC COMMUNITY, THE LATIN-X 1267 00:49:31,638 --> 00:49:32,639 COMMUNITY REALLY MULTI-PRONGED 1268 00:49:32,639 --> 00:49:33,306 AND DETAILED. 1269 00:49:33,306 --> 00:49:34,774 DO YOU FEEL THAT WAS WORTH THE 1270 00:49:34,774 --> 00:49:35,542 INVESTMENT? 1271 00:49:35,542 --> 00:49:37,677 THAT WAS A LOT OF TIME AND 1272 00:49:37,677 --> 00:49:39,179 EFFORT, I THINK, THAT WENT INTO 1273 00:49:39,179 --> 00:49:41,781 THAT FOR THE RETURN. 1274 00:49:41,781 --> 00:49:43,116 >> RACHEL: YEAH, I THINK SO. 1275 00:49:43,116 --> 00:49:47,287 [OFF MIC] 1276 00:49:47,287 --> 00:49:53,827 WE WERE ABLE TO ENROLL ABOUT 1277 00:49:53,827 --> 00:49:56,329 5,000 ADULTS THROUGH THAT STUDY. 1278 00:49:56,329 --> 00:50:01,201 AND WHEN WE FIRST LEARNED AGAIN 1279 00:50:01,201 --> 00:50:04,938 [ INDISCERNIBLE ] 1280 00:50:04,938 --> 00:50:15,115 [OFF MIC] 1281 00:50:23,390 --> 00:50:25,125 >> MODERATOR: DORENE? 1282 00:50:25,125 --> 00:50:27,260 >> DORENE: YEAH, I TOTALLY 1283 00:50:27,260 --> 00:50:28,662 AGREE WITH RACHEL THAT IT'S 1284 00:50:28,662 --> 00:50:28,929 DIFFICULT. 1285 00:50:28,929 --> 00:50:30,363 BUT ONE OF THE THINGS THAT 1286 00:50:30,363 --> 00:50:31,798 WE'RE DOING, AND YOU MAY WANT 1287 00:50:31,798 --> 00:50:33,833 TO THINK ABOUT THIS IN YOUR 1288 00:50:33,833 --> 00:50:36,169 STUDIES AS WELL, WE ARE 1289 00:50:36,169 --> 00:50:40,373 LITERALLY GOING TO SENIOR 1290 00:50:40,373 --> 00:50:41,508 HOUSING ENVIRONMENTS IN BOSTON. 1291 00:50:41,508 --> 00:50:43,743 AND WE ARE PRESENTING SOME OUR 1292 00:50:43,743 --> 00:50:44,411 RESEARCH, MOBILE TOOLBOX IS ONE 1293 00:50:44,411 --> 00:50:46,513 OF THEM. 1294 00:50:46,513 --> 00:50:49,983 AND WHEN YOU APPEAR IN PERSON, 1295 00:50:49,983 --> 00:50:52,852 EVEN THOUGH THE ASSESSMENT IS 1296 00:50:52,852 --> 00:50:54,287 REMOTE, THEY THEN BEGIN TO 1297 00:50:54,287 --> 00:50:55,455 TRUST YOU, THEY WANT SOMETHING 1298 00:50:55,455 --> 00:50:57,490 TO DO, THEY SIGN UP. 1299 00:50:57,490 --> 00:50:58,291 WE STAY IN TOUCH. 1300 00:50:58,291 --> 00:51:01,194 SO IT'S ONE OF THE THINGS. 1301 00:51:01,194 --> 00:51:03,930 BECAUSE WE TAKE RECRUITING 1302 00:51:03,930 --> 00:51:04,931 DIVERSE POPULATIONS VERY 1303 00:51:04,931 --> 00:51:06,666 SERIOUSLY IN BOSTON. 1304 00:51:06,666 --> 00:51:08,268 AND IT'S SOMETHING TO KEEP IN 1305 00:51:08,268 --> 00:51:13,473 MIND. 1306 00:51:13,473 --> 00:51:13,907 >> MODERATOR: DR. [ 1307 00:51:13,907 --> 00:51:15,375 INDISCERNIBLE ] 1308 00:51:15,375 --> 00:51:16,977 >> THANK YOU, GREAT TALK. 1309 00:51:16,977 --> 00:51:18,411 ALEX YOU MIGHT HAVE MENTIONED 1310 00:51:18,411 --> 00:51:20,347 THIS BUT I COULD BE WRONG. 1311 00:51:20,347 --> 00:51:23,149 YOU MENTIONED THERE'S A BIAS OR 1312 00:51:23,149 --> 00:51:25,652 DIFFERENCE IN SCHOOLS BETWEEN 1313 00:51:25,652 --> 00:51:27,821 IOS SYSTEM AND ANDROID SYSTEM. 1314 00:51:27,821 --> 00:51:29,055 IS THERE SOMETHING -- OH, 1315 00:51:29,055 --> 00:51:31,191 SORRY. 1316 00:51:31,191 --> 00:51:33,426 SO IS THIS SOMETHING THAT IS 1317 00:51:33,426 --> 00:51:34,861 KNOWN TO BE A SIGNIFICANT 1318 00:51:34,861 --> 00:51:39,065 FACTOR? 1319 00:51:39,065 --> 00:51:40,734 AND IS THERE SOMETHING WE NEED 1320 00:51:40,734 --> 00:51:44,471 TO DO TO ADDRESS THAT? 1321 00:51:44,471 --> 00:51:45,772 >> ALEX: THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 1322 00:51:45,772 --> 00:51:49,843 YEAH, FOR SOME OF THE SCORES 1323 00:51:49,843 --> 00:51:51,378 iPHONE IS A LITTLE HIGHER. 1324 00:51:51,378 --> 00:51:55,281 BUT I THINK IT MIGHT BE SOME 1325 00:51:55,281 --> 00:51:56,182 EDUCATION OR SOME RELATED, WE 1326 00:51:56,182 --> 00:51:57,217 WERE LOOKING INTO THAT. 1327 00:51:57,217 --> 00:51:59,219 BUT YOU COULD SEE THROUGH THE 1328 00:51:59,219 --> 00:52:02,155 OTHER RELIABILITY OR THE OTHER 1329 00:52:02,155 --> 00:52:06,292 THINGS WE ARE FINDING NO IMPACT. 1330 00:52:06,292 --> 00:52:08,495 >> JUST REMIND ME EXACTLY WHERE 1331 00:52:08,495 --> 00:52:09,763 THE IMPACT WAS? 1332 00:52:09,763 --> 00:52:11,131 >> PARDON ME? 1333 00:52:11,131 --> 00:52:13,667 >> WHERE WAS THE IMPACT? 1334 00:52:13,667 --> 00:52:16,369 THE RELIABILITY WAS OKAY? 1335 00:52:16,369 --> 00:52:19,406 >> ALEX: RELIABILITY AND 1336 00:52:19,406 --> 00:52:20,840 INTERNAL CONSISTENCY, THOSE 1337 00:52:20,840 --> 00:52:22,375 KIND OF NUMBERS WE FIND THEY 1338 00:52:22,375 --> 00:52:24,077 ARE STABLE ACROSS THE SYSTEM. 1339 00:52:24,077 --> 00:52:25,979 BUT ONLY THE SCORES FOR iPHONE 1340 00:52:25,979 --> 00:52:27,814 IS, FOR ONE OF THEM, IS TWO 1341 00:52:27,814 --> 00:52:30,417 POINTS HIGHER. 1342 00:52:30,417 --> 00:52:32,619 BUT I THINK IT'S, YOU KNOW, 1343 00:52:32,619 --> 00:52:34,287 EDUCATION OR SOMETHING. 1344 00:52:34,287 --> 00:52:37,524 THE PERSON USING PHONE SYSTEM, 1345 00:52:37,524 --> 00:52:38,525 HAS AN IMPACT. 1346 00:52:38,525 --> 00:52:41,327 >> THANK YOU. 1347 00:52:41,327 --> 00:52:42,962 >> MODERATOR: EXCUSE ME, IF YOU 1348 00:52:42,962 --> 00:52:44,764 DON'T MIND, IF YOU COULD COME 1349 00:52:44,764 --> 00:52:47,067 TO THE MICROPHONE SO WE CAN ALL 1350 00:52:47,067 --> 00:52:48,168 HEAR YOUR QUESTION. 1351 00:52:48,168 --> 00:52:53,740 THANK YOU. 1352 00:52:53,740 --> 00:52:55,275 >> AUDIENC MEMBER: I WANT TO 1353 00:52:55,275 --> 00:52:59,879 SEE IF YOU HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY 1354 00:52:59,879 --> 00:53:03,750 TO COMPARE CURRENT CLINICAL 1355 00:53:03,750 --> 00:53:04,684 USE, DIAGNOSTIC [ INDISCERNIBLE 1356 00:53:04,684 --> 00:53:08,388 ] AND THE OTHER BIOMARKERS LIKE 1357 00:53:08,388 --> 00:53:09,789 TAU 217, IF YOU HAVE ANY 1358 00:53:09,789 --> 00:53:12,358 INFORMATION ABOUT IT? 1359 00:53:12,358 --> 00:53:14,060 >> MODERATOR: DORENE. 1360 00:53:14,060 --> 00:53:16,663 IT'S A GREAT QUESTION, DO YOU 1361 00:53:16,663 --> 00:53:18,832 MIND REPEATING IT, SOMEONE WAS 1362 00:53:18,832 --> 00:53:20,934 EXITING AS YOU WERE ASKING. 1363 00:53:20,934 --> 00:53:22,635 IF YOU COULD REPEAT PARTIALLY. 1364 00:53:22,635 --> 00:53:24,704 >> IN PART I THINK YOU ARE 1365 00:53:24,704 --> 00:53:28,341 ASKING HOW GOOD IS IT 1366 00:53:28,341 --> 00:53:29,042 CLINICALLY FOR DIFFERENTIAL 1367 00:53:29,042 --> 00:53:31,277 DIAGNOSIS. 1368 00:53:31,277 --> 00:53:34,013 WE LOOKED AT BIOMARKERS. 1369 00:53:34,013 --> 00:53:36,316 >> YES, CLINICAL USE TOOLS. 1370 00:53:36,316 --> 00:53:40,286 MMIC? 1371 00:53:40,286 --> 00:53:42,989 (?) AND HOW YOU MOBILE TOOLS 1372 00:53:42,989 --> 00:53:44,057 COMPARED TO THAT. 1373 00:53:44,057 --> 00:53:47,861 DO YOU HAVE ANY DATA, SOME DATA 1374 00:53:47,861 --> 00:53:50,697 CORRELATION TO HAVE THAT? 1375 00:53:50,697 --> 00:53:52,899 >> YEAH, WHAT A GREAT QUESTION. 1376 00:53:52,899 --> 00:53:54,768 ACTUALLY RIGHT NOW, IT'S NOT 1377 00:53:54,768 --> 00:53:56,469 BEING USED CLINICALLY. 1378 00:53:56,469 --> 00:53:58,138 IT'S A RESEARCH PARADIGM. 1379 00:53:58,138 --> 00:53:59,472 I'M HOPING THAT IT WILL MOVE 1380 00:53:59,472 --> 00:54:03,009 THAT WAY IN THE FUTURE. 1381 00:54:03,009 --> 00:54:04,611 THERE IS WORK THAT LISA 1382 00:54:04,611 --> 00:54:06,079 THOMPSON HAS BEEN DOING IN THE 1383 00:54:06,079 --> 00:54:07,714 PRIMARY CARE SETTING. 1384 00:54:07,714 --> 00:54:09,549 NOT WITH MOBILE TOOLBOX BUT 1385 00:54:09,549 --> 00:54:11,785 WITH OTHER DIGITAL TOOLS AND 1386 00:54:11,785 --> 00:54:18,258 COMPARING IT TO THE MOCA, ALSO 1387 00:54:18,258 --> 00:54:20,093 BEING USED CLINICALLY. 1388 00:54:20,093 --> 00:54:21,294 THAT HASN'T BEEN WITH MOBILE 1389 00:54:21,294 --> 00:54:22,395 TOOLBOX YET. 1390 00:54:22,395 --> 00:54:24,697 HOPEFULLY WE WILL GET THERE. 1391 00:54:24,697 --> 00:54:27,200 I DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO 1392 00:54:27,200 --> 00:54:28,268 BLOOD-BASED BIOMARKERS YET. 1393 00:54:28,268 --> 00:54:29,803 WE ARE STILL WORKING ON IT. 1394 00:54:29,803 --> 00:54:33,072 SO I CAN'T SAY ANYTHING ABOUT 1395 00:54:33,072 --> 00:54:34,941 PT 217, BUT EVENTUALLY WHAT I'M 1396 00:54:34,941 --> 00:54:36,843 HOPING IN THE NEXT COUPLE YEARS 1397 00:54:36,843 --> 00:54:39,045 THAT WE COULD COMPARE, 1398 00:54:39,045 --> 00:54:40,280 PARTICULARLY FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE 1399 00:54:40,280 --> 00:54:43,116 AT RISK, IF THEY HAVE 1400 00:54:43,116 --> 00:54:45,218 BLOOD-BASED BIOMARKERS AND 1401 00:54:45,218 --> 00:54:47,153 LOOKING AT MOBILE TOOLBOX 1402 00:54:47,153 --> 00:54:49,355 MEASURES, WHAT'S THE 1403 00:54:49,355 --> 00:54:52,192 SENSITIVITY OF THAT TO 1404 00:54:52,192 --> 00:54:53,927 BLOOD-BASED BIOMARKERS. WE KNOW 1405 00:54:53,927 --> 00:54:58,565 NOW FROM THE RESEARCH, THE 1406 00:54:58,565 --> 00:55:04,571 BLOOD BASED BIOMARKERS HAVE A 1407 00:55:04,571 --> 00:55:06,072 GOOD-TO AMYLOID AND TAU-PET. 1408 00:55:06,072 --> 00:55:08,608 WE ARE AT THE PRECIPICE OF 1409 00:55:08,608 --> 00:55:09,275 KNOWING THE ANSWER TO YOUR 1410 00:55:09,275 --> 00:55:10,410 QUESTION. 1411 00:55:10,410 --> 00:55:13,146 BUT NOT RIGHT THERE YET. 1412 00:55:13,146 --> 00:55:14,747 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: THANK YOU. 1413 00:55:14,747 --> 00:55:19,219 >> WE NEED MORE FUNDING, NIH. 1414 00:55:19,219 --> 00:55:20,486 [ CHUCKLES ] 1415 00:55:20,486 --> 00:55:23,056 >> THANK YOU, I HAVE ONE QUICK 1416 00:55:23,056 --> 00:55:24,991 FOLLOW-UP QUESTION TO THE 1417 00:55:24,991 --> 00:55:27,660 PANELISTS. HAVE YOU EVER 1418 00:55:27,660 --> 00:55:30,296 NOTICED THERE'S SO MANY FUNDED 1419 00:55:30,296 --> 00:55:31,464 PROJECTS FOR THE AI-BASED 1420 00:55:31,464 --> 00:55:34,534 DIAGNOSIS TOOL. 1421 00:55:34,534 --> 00:55:36,669 IT'S ONLY ONE YOU FIND OUT IS 1422 00:55:36,669 --> 00:55:38,404 VALUABLE, IN THE FUTURE WANT TO 1423 00:55:38,404 --> 00:55:43,142 INCLUDE IT IN THIS TOOLBOX. 1424 00:55:43,142 --> 00:55:45,378 >> ALEX CHENG: ACTUALLY FOR 1425 00:55:45,378 --> 00:55:47,280 MyCog, DR. WOLFE WAS TALKING 1426 00:55:47,280 --> 00:55:48,615 ABOUT MyCog THIS MORNING. 1427 00:55:48,615 --> 00:55:51,417 WE DID APPLY MACHINE LEARNING 1428 00:55:51,417 --> 00:55:55,154 AND AI TO PREDICT DEMENTIA. 1429 00:55:55,154 --> 00:55:57,257 >> DORENE: THERE WAS A NEW 1430 00:55:57,257 --> 00:55:59,926 STUDY, IT'S COMING OUT, IT WAS 1431 00:55:59,926 --> 00:56:03,930 ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION BY 1432 00:56:03,930 --> 00:56:08,401 LILY YU. 1433 00:56:08,401 --> 00:56:10,603 AND HIROKO DASH, WHERE THEY USE 1434 00:56:10,603 --> 00:56:14,540 MACHINE LEARNING IN THE HARMADA? 1435 00:56:14,540 --> 00:56:16,175 (?) STUDIES, EMOTIONAL, 1436 00:56:16,175 --> 00:56:20,713 COGNITION, MOTOR, SENSORY. 1437 00:56:20,713 --> 00:56:24,150 USING THE AI ALGORITHM TO 1438 00:56:24,150 --> 00:56:25,652 PREDICT AMYLOID DEPOSITION IN 1439 00:56:25,652 --> 00:56:27,787 ARMADA. 1440 00:56:27,787 --> 00:56:29,989 AND THEY FOUND TEN SALIENT 1441 00:56:29,989 --> 00:56:31,925 TESTS THAT WERE RELATED. 1442 00:56:31,925 --> 00:56:34,060 AND NOT ONLY JUST THE MEMORY 1443 00:56:34,060 --> 00:56:38,164 TEST AND COGNITION, BUT EVEN 1444 00:56:38,164 --> 00:56:38,998 OLFACTION AND GAIT. 1445 00:56:38,998 --> 00:56:41,234 I THINK IT WILL BE THE 1446 00:56:41,234 --> 00:56:42,969 COMBINATION OF VARIOUS TESTS IN 1447 00:56:42,969 --> 00:56:45,171 BOTH MOBILE TOOLBOX OR NIH 1448 00:56:45,171 --> 00:56:47,273 TOOLBOX THAT WILL GIVE YOU THE 1449 00:56:47,273 --> 00:56:48,708 GREATER SENSITIVITY AND 1450 00:56:48,708 --> 00:56:49,375 HOPEFULLY BE USED CLINICALLY AS 1451 00:56:49,375 --> 00:56:50,944 WELL. 1452 00:56:50,944 --> 00:56:51,945 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: THANK YOU. 1453 00:56:51,945 --> 00:56:54,247 THANK YOU TO ALL. 1454 00:56:54,247 --> 00:56:54,948 >> MODERATOR: OTHER QUESTIONS 1455 00:56:54,948 --> 00:56:59,419 FROM THE AUDIENCE? 1456 00:56:59,419 --> 00:57:02,789 SO I'M JUST GOING TO GO AHEAD 1457 00:57:02,789 --> 00:57:12,765 -- OH, YES, PLEASE, COME DOWN. 1458 00:57:12,765 --> 00:57:13,866 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: HI, GREAT 1459 00:57:13,866 --> 00:57:14,500 TALKS EVERYONE. 1460 00:57:14,500 --> 00:57:18,838 I HAD A QUESTION FOR YOU ABOUT 1461 00:57:18,838 --> 00:57:21,107 THE MOBILE TOOLBOX, OR ACTUALLY 1462 00:57:21,107 --> 00:57:23,876 THE REDCap ASPECT. 1463 00:57:23,876 --> 00:57:26,079 WE HAVE HAD A SURPRISING 1464 00:57:26,079 --> 00:57:26,713 EXPERIENCE HAVING SEVERAL 1465 00:57:26,713 --> 00:57:28,014 PARTICIPANTS WHO DO NOT HAVE A 1466 00:57:28,014 --> 00:57:29,449 SMARTPHONE. 1467 00:57:29,449 --> 00:57:31,451 ARE THERE OPTIONS FOR STILL 1468 00:57:31,451 --> 00:57:32,185 ENGAGING THOSE PARTICIPANTS IF 1469 00:57:32,185 --> 00:57:41,194 THEY DON'T HAVE A SMARTPHONE? 1470 00:57:41,194 --> 00:57:44,464 OR BALKING AT INSTALLING AN APP? 1471 00:57:44,464 --> 00:57:47,000 >> YEAH, LIKE MyCog, IT'S MEANT 1472 00:57:47,000 --> 00:57:49,936 TO BE DELIVERED IN A SETTING. 1473 00:57:49,936 --> 00:57:51,838 RIGHT NOW THE MyCap APP DOESN'T 1474 00:57:51,838 --> 00:57:53,072 HAVE A RESEARCHER MODE YOU 1475 00:57:53,072 --> 00:57:55,575 COULD HAVE IT ON ONE APP AND 1476 00:57:55,575 --> 00:57:56,342 HAVE MULTIPLE PARTICIPANTS IN 1477 00:57:56,342 --> 00:57:57,310 ONE APP. 1478 00:57:57,310 --> 00:57:59,712 THAT IS SOMETHING WE WILL TAKE 1479 00:57:59,712 --> 00:58:01,014 BACK AND POTENTIALLY WORK INTO 1480 00:58:01,014 --> 00:58:02,548 THE WORKFLOW SO YOU COULD HAVE 1481 00:58:02,548 --> 00:58:04,450 THE MAIN, WHICH IS 1482 00:58:04,450 --> 00:58:05,385 PARTICIPANT-FACING AND ALSO 1483 00:58:05,385 --> 00:58:07,186 HAVE A CLINIC MODE FOR IT, SO 1484 00:58:07,186 --> 00:58:09,322 PEOPLE WHO DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO 1485 00:58:09,322 --> 00:58:10,623 MOBILE APPLICATION WILL BE ABLE 1486 00:58:10,623 --> 00:58:12,291 TO DO THAT IN CLINIC WITH A 1487 00:58:12,291 --> 00:58:14,160 RESEARCHER THERE. 1488 00:58:14,160 --> 00:58:16,796 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: WOULD THERE 1489 00:58:16,796 --> 00:58:18,998 ALSO BE CHANCE FOR WEBSITE OR 1490 00:58:18,998 --> 00:58:20,500 WEB INTERFACE THAT WOULD BE 1491 00:58:20,500 --> 00:58:22,268 LIKE AN EQUIVALENT TO THE APP? 1492 00:58:22,268 --> 00:58:24,037 I DON'T KNOW IF THEY COULD DO 1493 00:58:24,037 --> 00:58:25,872 SOMETHING LIKE THAT? 1494 00:58:25,872 --> 00:58:28,508 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 1495 00:58:28,508 --> 00:58:30,843 I THINK THERE MIGHT BE 1496 00:58:30,843 --> 00:58:31,878 VALIDATION REQUIRED FOR 1497 00:58:31,878 --> 00:58:33,179 DIFFERENT INTERFACE. 1498 00:58:33,179 --> 00:58:34,981 BUT THAT'S SOMETHING ELSE TO 1499 00:58:34,981 --> 00:58:35,581 TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION, FOR 1500 00:58:35,581 --> 00:58:35,882 SURE. 1501 00:58:35,882 --> 00:58:37,917 I KNOW SOME OF THE OTHER 1502 00:58:37,917 --> 00:58:38,785 VENDORS WHO PROVIDE THAT KIND 1503 00:58:38,785 --> 00:58:41,054 OF THING DO HAVE A DESKTOP 1504 00:58:41,054 --> 00:58:42,321 VERSION OR A WEB VERSION OF 1505 00:58:42,321 --> 00:58:44,791 THAT AS WELL. 1506 00:58:44,791 --> 00:58:50,463 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: THANK YOU. 1507 00:58:50,463 --> 00:58:51,364 >> MODERATOR: ALL RIGHT, I 1508 00:58:51,364 --> 00:58:52,298 THINK WE WILL WRAP UP THIS 1509 00:58:52,298 --> 00:58:53,699 SESSION. 1510 00:58:53,699 --> 00:58:54,767 IF THE SPEAKERS COULD STAY 1511 00:58:54,767 --> 00:58:55,735 THERE JUST A MOMENT. 1512 00:58:55,735 --> 00:58:57,103 I WANT TO MAKE A COUPLE OF 1513 00:58:57,103 --> 00:58:57,837 ANNOUNCEMENTS. 1514 00:58:57,837 --> 00:59:00,640 WE ARE GOING TO BE ON A BREAK 1515 00:59:00,640 --> 00:59:03,276 UNTIL 2:15, SO ABOUT A 1516 00:59:03,276 --> 00:59:05,078 15-MINUTE BREAK AND THE SECOND 1517 00:59:05,078 --> 00:59:07,213 SET OF CONCURRENT SESSIONS WILL 1518 00:59:07,213 --> 00:59:08,247 BEGIN AT 2:15. 1519 00:59:08,247 --> 00:59:11,150 THESE WILL BE IN THE SESSIONS 1520 00:59:11,150 --> 00:59:14,487 4, 5 AND 6 AND THEY WILL BE IN 1521 00:59:14,487 --> 00:59:17,223 THE SAME ROOMS, BALCONIES A, 1522 00:59:17,223 --> 00:59:18,724 WHICH WE ARE IN. 1523 00:59:18,724 --> 00:59:21,761 B AND THEN BACK IN THE MAIN 1524 00:59:21,761 --> 00:59:24,497 AUDITORIUM, ONE OF THOSE THREE 1525 00:59:24,497 --> 00:59:24,730 PLACES. 1526 00:59:24,730 --> 00:59:28,134 THE USE OF THE NIH TOOLBOX IN 1527 00:59:28,134 --> 00:59:30,570 DIVERSE POPULATIONS WILL BE 1528 00:59:30,570 --> 00:59:32,405 HERE, BALCONY A. 1529 00:59:32,405 --> 00:59:33,840 CLINICAL POPULATIONS WILL BE 1530 00:59:33,840 --> 00:59:36,142 BALCONY B NEXT DOOR. 1531 00:59:36,142 --> 00:59:38,411 AND NIH TOOLBOX ACROSS THE LIFE 1532 00:59:38,411 --> 00:59:41,614 SPAN IN CLINICAL POPULATIONS 1533 00:59:41,614 --> 00:59:44,450 WILL BE IN THE MAIN AUDITORIUM. 1534 00:59:44,450 --> 00:59:45,351 THE ONLY OTHER THING I WOULD 1535 00:59:45,351 --> 00:59:47,520 LIKE TO POINT OUT TO YOU IS 1536 00:59:47,520 --> 00:59:48,387 AGAIN THIS EMAIL ADDRESS THAT 1537 00:59:48,387 --> 00:59:58,865 YOU COULD SEE ON THE SCREEN. 1538 00:59:59,699 --> 01:00:01,033 NIHMEASURESCONF@MAIL.NIH.GOV 1539 01:00:01,033 --> 01:00:03,069 FOR THOSE HERE PRESENT AND 1540 01:00:03,069 --> 01:00:04,570 THOSE LISTENING AND WATCHING 1541 01:00:04,570 --> 01:00:06,172 VIRTUALLY, PLEASE SEND ANY 1542 01:00:06,172 --> 01:00:06,906 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS OR 1543 01:00:06,906 --> 01:00:08,007 COMMENTS TO THAT EMAIL ADDRESS 1544 01:00:08,007 --> 01:00:09,509 AND WE WILL BE BACK TO YOU 1545 01:00:09,509 --> 01:00:12,044 AFTER THE CONFERENCE IS OVER, 1546 01:00:12,044 --> 01:00:13,479 HOPEFULLY WITHIN A MATTER OF 1547 01:00:13,479 --> 01:00:15,248 DAYS TO A COUPLE OF WEEKS. 1548 01:00:15,248 --> 01:00:17,083 THANK YOU FOR EVERYONE'S 1549 01:00:17,083 --> 01:00:18,351 ATTENDANCE AT THE SESSION. 1550 01:00:18,351 --> 01:00:19,418 I THOUGHT IT WAS GREAT. AND WE WILL SEE YOU AGAIN IN 1551 01:00:19,418 --> 01:00:33,375 ABOUT 15 MINUTES WITH ANOTHER SESSION. 1552 01:00:33,375 --> 01:00:36,745 AMY, I WANT YOU TO BE ABLE TO 1553 01:00:36,745 --> 01:00:38,747 SHOW YOUR SLIDES, BUT I MIGHT 1554 01:00:38,747 --> 01:00:39,981 GO AHEAD AND INTRODUCE YOU AND 1555 01:00:39,981 --> 01:00:41,983 ASK YOU TO COME UP AND 1556 01:00:41,983 --> 01:00:43,218 HOPEFULLY BY THAT TIME THEY 1557 01:00:43,218 --> 01:00:44,319 WILL HAVE THINGS IN WORKING 1558 01:00:44,319 --> 01:00:47,789 ORDER. 1559 01:00:47,789 --> 01:00:48,890 >> MODERATOR: THIS IS SESSION 1560 01:00:48,890 --> 01:00:52,427 ON USE OF THE NIH TOOLBOX IN 1561 01:00:52,427 --> 01:00:53,428 DIVERSE POPULATIONS SO IF THIS 1562 01:00:53,428 --> 01:00:55,030 IS NOT THE SESSION YOU INTENDED 1563 01:00:55,030 --> 01:00:56,564 TO BE IN, YOU MIGHT WANT TO 1564 01:00:56,564 --> 01:00:57,465 MOVE TO ANOTHER ROOM. 1565 01:00:57,465 --> 01:00:59,601 BUT I HOPE YOU ALL STAY, I 1566 01:00:59,601 --> 01:01:00,735 THINK IT WILL BE QUITE 1567 01:01:00,735 --> 01:01:02,404 INTERESTING. 1568 01:01:02,404 --> 01:01:04,139 THE SPEAKERS HAVE TEN MINUTES 1569 01:01:04,139 --> 01:01:05,540 EACH AND AT THE END OF THE 1570 01:01:05,540 --> 01:01:07,142 TALKS WE WON'T BE TAKING 1571 01:01:07,142 --> 01:01:09,577 QUESTIONS THEN BUT AT THE END 1572 01:01:09,577 --> 01:01:11,780 OF THE FOUR TALKS THE SPEAKERS 1573 01:01:11,780 --> 01:01:13,515 WILL ASSEMBLE HERE AT THE TABLE 1574 01:01:13,515 --> 01:01:16,584 ON THE STAGE AND TAKE SOME 1575 01:01:16,584 --> 01:01:22,624 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 1576 01:01:22,624 --> 01:01:24,692 HAVING A PROBLEM ADVANCING THE 1577 01:01:24,692 --> 01:01:25,593 SLIDES. 1578 01:01:25,593 --> 01:01:27,095 I DIDN'T TRY THE MOUSE. 1579 01:01:27,095 --> 01:01:35,670 THIS HAD BEEN WORKING. 1580 01:01:35,670 --> 01:01:36,938 WE WILL WORK WITH THE MOUSE. 1581 01:01:36,938 --> 01:01:38,073 ALL RIGHT. 1582 01:01:38,073 --> 01:01:39,441 WE WILL MOVE AHEAD. 1583 01:01:39,441 --> 01:01:41,176 THE FIRST SPEAKER OF THIS 1584 01:01:41,176 --> 01:01:42,911 SESSION IS AMY THOMAS FROM 1585 01:01:42,911 --> 01:01:44,612 WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY. 1586 01:01:44,612 --> 01:01:46,548 THE TITLE OF HER TALK IS 1587 01:01:46,548 --> 01:01:51,686 WORKING WITH FIELD CENTERS TO 1588 01:01:51,686 --> 01:01:56,024 IMPLEMENT THE NIH TOOLBOX AND 1589 01:01:56,024 --> 01:01:56,958 AMERICAN INDIAN COMMUNITIES, 1590 01:01:56,958 --> 01:01:58,960 THE STRONG HEART STUDY. 1591 01:01:58,960 --> 01:02:00,695 COME ON UP AMY, SO YOU WILL BE 1592 01:02:00,695 --> 01:02:02,797 USING THE MOUSE. 1593 01:02:02,797 --> 01:02:03,998 >> AMY THOMAS: THANK YOU SO 1594 01:02:03,998 --> 01:02:06,134 MUCH FOR SETTING THAT UP. 1595 01:02:06,134 --> 01:02:08,736 ALL RIGHT, HELLO AND WELCOME. 1596 01:02:08,736 --> 01:02:11,973 MY NAME, AGAIN IS AMY B. THOMAS. 1597 01:02:11,973 --> 01:02:13,241 I'M CO-PRESENTING THIS 1598 01:02:13,241 --> 01:02:14,843 PRESENTATION WITH MY COLLEAGUE 1599 01:02:14,843 --> 01:02:20,181 KYRA OZIEL WHO IS RIGHT THERE. 1600 01:02:20,181 --> 01:02:23,618 THIS PRESENTATION IS BASED OFF 1601 01:02:23,618 --> 01:02:26,754 DATA FROM THIS RF1 GRANT WITH 1602 01:02:26,754 --> 01:02:28,256 THE MPI TEAM HERE. 1603 01:02:28,256 --> 01:02:30,892 OUR STUDY IS VERY LARGE ACROSS 1604 01:02:30,892 --> 01:02:31,626 MULTIPLE STATES AT MULTIPLE 1605 01:02:31,626 --> 01:02:32,327 SITES. 1606 01:02:32,327 --> 01:02:35,330 WE ALSO HAVE OUR SITE PI'S, DR. 1607 01:02:35,330 --> 01:02:38,600 ALI IN THE OKLAHOMA SITE, MS. 1608 01:02:38,600 --> 01:02:41,302 WEST AT ARIZONA, MS. O' LEARY 1609 01:02:41,302 --> 01:02:43,404 IN THE DAKOTAS AS WELL AS OUR 1610 01:02:43,404 --> 01:02:46,641 GREAT SITE STAFF IN THE 1611 01:02:46,641 --> 01:02:48,243 DAKOTAS, ARIZONA AND OKLAHOMA. 1612 01:02:48,243 --> 01:02:50,612 THE STRONG HEART STUDY IS THE 1613 01:02:50,612 --> 01:02:52,213 LARGEST POPULATION COHORT STUDY 1614 01:02:52,213 --> 01:02:54,415 OF AMERICAN INDIAN RESULTS. 1615 01:02:54,415 --> 01:02:55,750 IT'S A LONG-RUNNING PROSPECTIVE 1616 01:02:55,750 --> 01:03:00,488 STUDY WHICH WAS STARTED IN 1989 1617 01:03:00,488 --> 01:03:02,924 OON GOING TO THIS DAY. 1618 01:03:02,924 --> 01:03:03,958 THERE ARE 12 TRIBES AND 1619 01:03:03,958 --> 01:03:04,559 COMMUNITIES. 1620 01:03:04,559 --> 01:03:08,062 WE ARE PART OF THE ANCILLARY 1621 01:03:08,062 --> 01:03:10,365 STUDY, THE RF1 IS, PART OF THE 1622 01:03:10,365 --> 01:03:12,333 STRONG HEART AND COLLECTING 1623 01:03:12,333 --> 01:03:13,635 PHASE 7 DATA RIGHT NOW. 1624 01:03:13,635 --> 01:03:16,771 WE WANT TO RECOGNIZE TRIBES ARE 1625 01:03:16,771 --> 01:03:27,315 SOVEREIGN ENTITIES WE HAVE 11 1626 01:03:32,420 --> 01:03:35,757 REVIEW BODIES. 1627 01:03:35,757 --> 01:03:37,992 WE SOUGHT AND GOT APPROVAL TO 1628 01:03:37,992 --> 01:03:39,694 GIVE THIS PRESENTATION TODAY. 1629 01:03:39,694 --> 01:03:42,931 SO THIS IS BASED OFF 34 YEARS 1630 01:03:42,931 --> 01:03:44,766 OF RELATIONSHIP BUILDING WITH 1631 01:03:44,766 --> 01:03:47,302 THESE TRIBES AND COMMUNITIES. 1632 01:03:47,302 --> 01:03:49,637 THIS IS THE RF1 OUR DATA COMES 1633 01:03:49,637 --> 01:03:51,940 FROM AND OUR SPECIFIC AIMSMENT 1634 01:03:51,940 --> 01:03:54,776 THEY ADDRESS ASSOCIATIONS THAT 1635 01:03:54,776 --> 01:03:55,310 MIGHT INFLUENCE COGNITIVE 1636 01:03:55,310 --> 01:03:56,477 PERFORMANCE. 1637 01:03:56,477 --> 01:03:59,814 BUT THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE IS TO 1638 01:03:59,814 --> 01:04:01,916 EVALUATE THE TOOLBOX AND 1639 01:04:01,916 --> 01:04:03,151 ESTABLISH NORMATIVE STANDARDS 1640 01:04:03,151 --> 01:04:05,753 IN AMERICAN INDIAN ADULTS. 1641 01:04:05,753 --> 01:04:06,988 AMERICAN INDIAN POPULATIONS 1642 01:04:06,988 --> 01:04:11,459 HAVE A GREATER BURDEN OF 1643 01:04:11,459 --> 01:04:13,228 ALZHEIMER'S-DISEASE RELATED 1644 01:04:13,228 --> 01:04:15,063 DEMENTIA CO MORBIDITIES 1645 01:04:15,063 --> 01:04:18,032 COMPARED TO NON HISPANIC WHITE 1646 01:04:18,032 --> 01:04:21,302 POPULATIONS. WE RECOGNIZE THE 1647 01:04:21,302 --> 01:04:23,037 TUMULTUOUS HISTORY THAT'S BEEN 1648 01:04:23,037 --> 01:04:23,705 FORCED UPON AMERICAN INDIAN 1649 01:04:23,705 --> 01:04:25,573 PEOPLES. 1650 01:04:25,573 --> 01:04:27,075 THEIR HISTORY CANNOT AND SHOULD 1651 01:04:27,075 --> 01:04:28,676 NOT BE EXPLAIND IN TWO SHORT 1652 01:04:28,676 --> 01:04:30,144 BULLET POINTS. 1653 01:04:30,144 --> 01:04:32,981 WE PROVIDE THESE REALLY 1654 01:04:32,981 --> 01:04:34,215 SUMMARIZED BUT BRIEF EXAMPLES 1655 01:04:34,215 --> 01:04:36,017 TO GIVE SOME CONTEXT ON THE 1656 01:04:36,017 --> 01:04:37,252 BACKGROUND OF EDUCATION QUALITY 1657 01:04:37,252 --> 01:04:39,153 AND HOW THESE IMPORTANT CO 1658 01:04:39,153 --> 01:04:41,990 FACTORS CAN AND DO STILL 1659 01:04:41,990 --> 01:04:42,857 INFLUENCE PEOPLE'S LIVES TO 1660 01:04:42,857 --> 01:04:45,493 THIS VERY DAY. 1661 01:04:45,493 --> 01:04:47,028 ESPECIALLY HOW OUR PARTICIPANT 1662 01:04:47,028 --> 01:04:48,663 WOULD INTERFACE WITH A 1663 01:04:48,663 --> 01:04:53,167 COGNITIVE TEST BATTERY. 1664 01:04:53,167 --> 01:04:54,969 BOARDING SCHOOLS, THEY REMAINED 1665 01:04:54,969 --> 01:04:57,138 OPEN UNTIL 1976. 1666 01:04:57,138 --> 01:04:59,240 WITHIN THESE SCHOOLS CULTURAL 1667 01:04:59,240 --> 01:05:00,074 ASSIMILATION WAS PRIORITIZED 1668 01:05:00,074 --> 01:05:01,943 OVER THE QUALITY AND CONTENT OF 1669 01:05:01,943 --> 01:05:03,011 EDUCATION. 1670 01:05:03,011 --> 01:05:06,347 THESE ARE JUST EXAMPLES OF A 1671 01:05:06,347 --> 01:05:09,884 MUCH LARGER HISTORICAL CONTEXT. 1672 01:05:09,884 --> 01:05:12,420 SO THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE IS TO 1673 01:05:12,420 --> 01:05:22,263 UNDERSTAND RISK FACTORS FOR 1674 01:05:22,263 --> 01:05:24,999 ALZHEIMER'S, DEMENTIA AND 1675 01:05:24,999 --> 01:05:27,735 VALIDATE MEASUREMENT OF 1676 01:05:27,735 --> 01:05:30,505 COGNITION USING STANDARDIZED 1677 01:05:30,505 --> 01:05:34,709 TESTS, NIH TOOLBOX. 1678 01:05:34,709 --> 01:05:37,545 VERSION 2 MANUAL TOOLBOX 1679 01:05:37,545 --> 01:05:38,212 SPECIFIC ADMINISTRATION GUIDE 1680 01:05:38,212 --> 01:05:42,083 VIDEOS, AS WELL AS 1681 01:05:42,083 --> 01:05:42,650 STUDY-SPECIFIC FACE-TO-FACE 1682 01:05:42,650 --> 01:05:43,885 ADMINISTRATION GUIDES. 1683 01:05:43,885 --> 01:05:46,921 THE PICTURE WITH THE HIGHLIGHT 1684 01:05:46,921 --> 01:05:48,690 CODES IS WITH THIS GUIDE THE 1685 01:05:48,690 --> 01:05:51,359 TEAM CREATED. 1686 01:05:51,359 --> 01:05:52,794 WE HAVE THIS MAPPED OUT WHEN 1687 01:05:52,794 --> 01:05:54,228 THEY NEED TO SPEAK OR TAKE AN 1688 01:05:54,228 --> 01:05:55,663 ACTION, ET CETERA. 1689 01:05:55,663 --> 01:05:57,065 STAFF ARE TRAINED OVER TWO LIVE 1690 01:05:57,065 --> 01:05:58,032 VIRTUAL SESSIONS. 1691 01:05:58,032 --> 01:06:08,576 AT THAT TIME THEY ARE TOLD THE 1692 01:06:09,344 --> 01:06:10,345 TOOLBOX USES COMPUTER-ADAPTIVE 1693 01:06:10,345 --> 01:06:12,980 INFORMATION AND ARE CHALLENGING. 1694 01:06:12,980 --> 01:06:15,283 THE NOTES ARE TO RECORD 1695 01:06:15,283 --> 01:06:16,317 COMMENTS FROM THE PARTICIPANTS 1696 01:06:16,317 --> 01:06:20,154 ON THE TOOLBOX AS WELL AS THEIR 1697 01:06:20,154 --> 01:06:20,655 OWN OBSERVATIONS DURING 1698 01:06:20,655 --> 01:06:22,056 ADMINISTRATION. 1699 01:06:22,056 --> 01:06:25,193 THINGS WE WILL COVER TODAY ARE 1700 01:06:25,193 --> 01:06:26,060 JUST PRELIMINARY THEMES FROM 1701 01:06:26,060 --> 01:06:27,495 STAFF NOTES. 1702 01:06:27,495 --> 01:06:30,898 THE DATA FROM OUR RF1 IS STILL 1703 01:06:30,898 --> 01:06:32,834 BEING COLLECTED AND ANALYZED 1704 01:06:32,834 --> 01:06:34,168 AND OFFICIAL TOOLBOX ITEMS WE 1705 01:06:34,168 --> 01:06:35,903 DO NOT HAVE READY TO DO AN 1706 01:06:35,903 --> 01:06:37,105 ANALYSIS ON. 1707 01:06:37,105 --> 01:06:40,842 BUT THIS IS A PREVIEW, OR 1708 01:06:40,842 --> 01:06:42,577 PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF 1709 01:06:42,577 --> 01:06:43,177 ADMINISTRATOR FEEDBACK ON THE 1710 01:06:43,177 --> 01:06:45,179 TOOLBOX. 1711 01:06:45,179 --> 01:06:47,448 FIRST WE ARE GOING TO DISCUSS 1712 01:06:47,448 --> 01:06:50,051 FEEDBACK IN RELATIONS TO 1713 01:06:50,051 --> 01:06:52,053 TOOLBOX-SPECIFIC TASKS. 1714 01:06:52,053 --> 01:06:54,822 PARTICIPANTS NOTED ISSUE WITH 1715 01:06:54,822 --> 01:06:57,024 BOTH THE PICTURE VOCAB AND ORAL 1716 01:06:57,024 --> 01:06:59,327 READING TASKS AND THE LEVEL OF 1717 01:06:59,327 --> 01:07:00,828 CHALLENGE THESE TASKS PRESENTED. 1718 01:07:00,828 --> 01:07:02,897 MANY FELT THE WORDS PRESENTED 1719 01:07:02,897 --> 01:07:05,199 TO THEM WERE UNFAMILIAR OR THEY 1720 01:07:05,199 --> 01:07:06,300 HAD ABSOLUTELY NO CONTEXT TO 1721 01:07:06,300 --> 01:07:07,502 DETERMINE THE MEANING OF THE 1722 01:07:07,502 --> 01:07:08,536 WORD. 1723 01:07:08,536 --> 01:07:11,539 MANY COMMENTS ABOUT THE PICTURE 1724 01:07:11,539 --> 01:07:14,008 VOCAB AND ORAL READING TASKS 1725 01:07:14,008 --> 01:07:15,109 RESONATED WITH OUR RESEARCH 1726 01:07:15,109 --> 01:07:16,911 TEAM BUT WE WOULD LIKE TO 1727 01:07:16,911 --> 01:07:19,247 HIGHLIGHT ONE IN PARTICULAR. 1728 01:07:19,247 --> 01:07:26,053 ONE MADE HER FEEL UNINTEL -- 1729 01:07:26,053 --> 01:07:26,687 UNINTELLIGENT AND SHE KNOWS SHE 1730 01:07:26,687 --> 01:07:28,456 ISN'T. 1731 01:07:28,456 --> 01:07:32,326 SHE GAVE THE EXAMPLE OF BEING 1732 01:07:32,326 --> 01:07:34,729 HER GRANDPA'S HEALTH ADVOCATE 1733 01:07:34,729 --> 01:07:37,198 AND NEED THIS SCREENER BUT HE 1734 01:07:37,198 --> 01:07:40,868 COULDN'T DESCRIBE WHAT HE KNOWS 1735 01:07:40,868 --> 01:07:42,103 AND THERE WOULDN'T BE ACCURATE 1736 01:07:42,103 --> 01:07:46,174 DIAGNOSIS. 1737 01:07:46,174 --> 01:07:47,008 STAFF NOTED PARTICIPANTS 1738 01:07:47,008 --> 01:07:49,110 EXPRESSED CONCERNS HOW THE 1739 01:07:49,110 --> 01:07:50,311 PRACTICE DIDN'T PREPARE THEM 1740 01:07:50,311 --> 01:07:51,779 FOR THE CHALLENGE THE ACTUAL 1741 01:07:51,779 --> 01:07:55,983 TASK. 1742 01:07:55,983 --> 01:07:57,118 PRACTICE SHOWS FOUR PICTURES 1743 01:07:57,118 --> 01:07:59,821 BUT THE TASK REQUIRES MANY MORE 1744 01:07:59,821 --> 01:08:00,121 TO MEMORIZE. 1745 01:08:00,121 --> 01:08:03,958 A REALLY BIG TEAM WAS AMERICAN 1746 01:08:03,958 --> 01:08:05,159 INDIAN CULTURE, PROVIDING 1747 01:08:05,159 --> 01:08:07,361 CONTENT FOR FAMILIARITY OR 1748 01:08:07,361 --> 01:08:08,095 UNFAMILIARITY WITH TOOLBOX 1749 01:08:08,095 --> 01:08:10,431 ITEMS AND TASKS. 1750 01:08:10,431 --> 01:08:11,866 FOR EXAMPLE, PARTICIPANT 1751 01:08:11,866 --> 01:08:13,968 EXPLAIN WE DON'T OFTEN SEE OR 1752 01:08:13,968 --> 01:08:17,071 USE KITES OR ROW A BOAT OR HAVE 1753 01:08:17,071 --> 01:08:18,239 ACCESS TO PARKS. DEPENDING IF 1754 01:08:18,239 --> 01:08:19,307 WE GREW UP IN THE TOWN OR 1755 01:08:19,307 --> 01:08:20,408 COUNTRY. 1756 01:08:20,408 --> 01:08:22,844 ANOTHER COMMENT, IN THE SIZE 1757 01:08:22,844 --> 01:08:24,145 ORDER TASK PARTICIPANT ASKED 1758 01:08:24,145 --> 01:08:26,180 WHICH GROUP THE DUCK GOES IN, 1759 01:08:26,180 --> 01:08:27,849 FOOD OR ANIMALS. SHE ASKED THE 1760 01:08:27,849 --> 01:08:29,250 SAME OF RABBIT. 1761 01:08:29,250 --> 01:08:30,818 LAST WEEK WHEN STAFF MEMBER 1762 01:08:30,818 --> 01:08:32,553 NOTED WHEN HE FINISHED HE ASKED 1763 01:08:32,553 --> 01:08:34,455 WHY THEY WOULD SHOW HIM THINGS 1764 01:08:34,455 --> 01:08:36,491 HE DOESN'T KNOW, IF THEY ARE 1765 01:08:36,491 --> 01:08:38,793 WORRIED ABOUT THE STUFF HIS 1766 01:08:38,793 --> 01:08:42,463 BRAIN KNOWS OR USED TO KNOW. 1767 01:08:42,463 --> 01:08:46,934 I TOLD HIM I WOULD PASS THAT 1768 01:08:46,934 --> 01:08:48,970 ALONG, HE SAID YEAH LET ME KNOW 1769 01:08:48,970 --> 01:08:53,140 IF THEY KNOW WHAT A GELDING OR 1770 01:08:53,140 --> 01:08:54,342 HEIFER IS. 1771 01:08:54,342 --> 01:08:55,843 GIVEN OBSERVATIONS AND HOW 1772 01:08:55,843 --> 01:08:57,445 DISTRESSED AND HOW WORRIED THE 1773 01:08:57,445 --> 01:08:59,347 TOOLBOX MADE THEM. 1774 01:08:59,347 --> 01:09:01,349 HERE ARE STAFF NOTES ON 1775 01:09:01,349 --> 01:09:02,617 PARTICIPANT SENSORY AND 1776 01:09:02,617 --> 01:09:03,784 COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS WHICH 1777 01:09:03,784 --> 01:09:06,254 THEY WERE NOT MADE AWARE OF 1778 01:09:06,254 --> 01:09:07,788 PRIOR TO CONSENTING BUT BECAME 1779 01:09:07,788 --> 01:09:08,556 AWARE OF DURING TEST 1780 01:09:08,556 --> 01:09:09,924 ADMINISTRATION. 1781 01:09:09,924 --> 01:09:13,561 STAFF NOTED PARTICIPANTS WITH 1782 01:09:13,561 --> 01:09:14,629 SENSORY OR COGNITIVE 1783 01:09:14,629 --> 01:09:16,364 DISABILITIES EITHER FOUND 1784 01:09:16,364 --> 01:09:17,198 PARTICIPATION VERY, VERY 1785 01:09:17,198 --> 01:09:17,999 CHALLENGING OR NOT AT ALL 1786 01:09:17,999 --> 01:09:20,134 POSSIBLE. 1787 01:09:20,134 --> 01:09:22,203 ONE COMMENT THAT RESONATED WITH 1788 01:09:22,203 --> 01:09:23,237 OUR RESEARCHERS, SHE QUESTIONED 1789 01:09:23,237 --> 01:09:24,972 WHY THERE ARE NO ACCOMMODATIONS 1790 01:09:24,972 --> 01:09:26,407 IN RESEARCH. 1791 01:09:26,407 --> 01:09:28,009 SHE STATED HOW THE ENTIRE 1792 01:09:28,009 --> 01:09:29,010 PROCESS WASN'T SET UP PROPERLY 1793 01:09:29,010 --> 01:09:30,011 FOR HER. 1794 01:09:30,011 --> 01:09:33,047 SHE NEEDS VARIETY OF COLORING, 1795 01:09:33,047 --> 01:09:35,116 LARGER FONTS ON INSTRUCTIONS, 1796 01:09:35,116 --> 01:09:39,320 GUIDELINES, LED LIGHTS TO HELP 1797 01:09:39,320 --> 01:09:40,655 WITH COLOR, MAGNIFIERS INSTEAD 1798 01:09:40,655 --> 01:09:41,923 OF HIGH TECH OPTION THAT'S JUST 1799 01:09:41,923 --> 01:09:44,458 READ ALOUD. 1800 01:09:44,458 --> 01:09:47,295 IN SUMMARY SINCE THE TOOLBOX IS 1801 01:09:47,295 --> 01:09:50,798 YET TO BE ROBUSTLY STUDIED IN 1802 01:09:50,798 --> 01:09:52,033 AMERICAN INDIAN POPULATION, 1803 01:09:52,033 --> 01:09:53,067 FIELD STAFF WHO ADMINISTER IS 1804 01:09:53,067 --> 01:09:55,369 CRUCIAL. 1805 01:09:55,369 --> 01:10:00,975 DATA COLLECTION FROM SITES IS 1806 01:10:00,975 --> 01:10:02,543 STILL ONGOING. 1807 01:10:02,543 --> 01:10:03,678 NOTING CONCERNS WITH THE 1808 01:10:03,678 --> 01:10:05,279 SPECIFIC TASKS IN THE TOOLBOX. 1809 01:10:05,279 --> 01:10:06,681 CHALLENGES WITH THE TOOLBOX 1810 01:10:06,681 --> 01:10:10,017 SPECIFIC TESTS RELATED TO 1811 01:10:10,017 --> 01:10:10,718 PARTICIPANT'S'DCATIONAL 1812 01:10:10,718 --> 01:10:11,619 BACKGROUNDS. DIFFICULTIES WHEN 1813 01:10:11,619 --> 01:10:13,487 PARTICIPATING DUE TO VARIOUS 1814 01:10:13,487 --> 01:10:14,755 DISABILITIES AND CULTURAL 1815 01:10:14,755 --> 01:10:16,090 CONCERNS ESPECIALLY WHEN ASKING 1816 01:10:16,090 --> 01:10:18,092 AN ELDER TO CONTINUE WHEN 1817 01:10:18,092 --> 01:10:20,428 TESTING WHILE FRUSTRATED. 1818 01:10:20,428 --> 01:10:23,264 IN CONCLUSION, OUR FIELD SITE 1819 01:10:23,264 --> 01:10:24,298 STAFF CONVEY PARTICIPANTS 1820 01:10:24,298 --> 01:10:25,700 REQUEST FOR CONSIDERATIONS OF 1821 01:10:25,700 --> 01:10:27,902 ADAPTIONS FOR THE USE OF THE 1822 01:10:27,902 --> 01:10:29,337 TOOLBOX IN AMERICAN INDIAN 1823 01:10:29,337 --> 01:10:31,672 ADULTS AND COMMUNITIES. 1824 01:10:31,672 --> 01:10:33,074 SUGGESTIONS PROVIDED INCLUDE IF 1825 01:10:33,074 --> 01:10:34,775 HIGHER LEVEL WORDS NEED TO BE 1826 01:10:34,775 --> 01:10:37,578 USED THEY SHOULD BE DRAWN FROM 1827 01:10:37,578 --> 01:10:38,613 OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS USED 1828 01:10:38,613 --> 01:10:39,814 COMMONLY IN OUR INTERACTION 1829 01:10:39,814 --> 01:10:43,284 FROM THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 1830 01:10:43,284 --> 01:10:45,486 EXAMPLES SHE PROVIDED, 1831 01:10:45,486 --> 01:10:49,123 FIDUCIARY, FEDERAL. 1832 01:10:49,123 --> 01:10:50,558 FROM ROUTINE INTERACTIONS WITH 1833 01:10:50,558 --> 01:10:52,059 COMMUNITIES WITH THE TRIBE AND 1834 01:10:52,059 --> 01:10:53,861 SOCIAL SERVICES THAT HAVE TO DO 1835 01:10:53,861 --> 01:10:54,829 WITH LAND, BENEFITS AND 1836 01:10:54,829 --> 01:10:56,497 HEALTHCARE. 1837 01:10:56,497 --> 01:10:57,898 PARTICIPANT PROVIDED THESE 1838 01:10:57,898 --> 01:11:00,334 EXAMPLES OF COMMON ACTIVITIES 1839 01:11:00,334 --> 01:11:02,370 EVERYONE DOES FOR THE PICTURE 1840 01:11:02,370 --> 01:11:05,906 SEQUENCE MEMORY TASK. 1841 01:11:05,906 --> 01:11:07,608 CLEANING HOUSE, DOING RANCH 1842 01:11:07,608 --> 01:11:09,010 CHORES, CHANGING A TIRE, GOING 1843 01:11:09,010 --> 01:11:12,647 TO A POWWOW OR HUNTING. 1844 01:11:12,647 --> 01:11:16,984 THEY CALL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF 1845 01:11:16,984 --> 01:11:19,754 STANDARDIZED NIHTB-CB 1846 01:11:19,754 --> 01:11:20,321 ACCOMMODATIONS FOR SENSORY 1847 01:11:20,321 --> 01:11:21,522 DISABILITIES. 1848 01:11:21,522 --> 01:11:23,691 WE WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE, 1849 01:11:23,691 --> 01:11:25,793 VALIDATE AND THANK THE FIELD 1850 01:11:25,793 --> 01:11:26,994 STAFF FOR HIGHLIGHTING THESE 1851 01:11:26,994 --> 01:11:30,231 CONCERNS AND FOR THEIR ADVOCACY. 1852 01:11:30,231 --> 01:11:40,408 THANK YOU. 1853 01:11:57,158 --> 01:11:58,826 >> MODERATOR: THANK YOU, AMY. 1854 01:11:58,826 --> 01:12:02,663 OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS AMARA 1855 01:12:02,663 --> 01:12:05,800 EZEAMAMA. 1856 01:12:05,800 --> 01:12:07,535 MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. 1857 01:12:07,535 --> 01:12:10,438 THE TITLE IS HIV DIFFERENCES IN 1858 01:12:10,438 --> 01:12:11,939 PERFORMANCE ON NATIONAL 1859 01:12:11,939 --> 01:12:13,974 INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, TOOLBOX 1860 01:12:13,974 --> 01:12:14,975 COGNITION BATTERY AMONG 1861 01:12:14,975 --> 01:12:21,148 CHILDREN AND ADULTS FROM 1862 01:12:21,148 --> 01:12:31,425 KAMPALA, UGANDA. 1863 01:12:39,233 --> 01:12:40,267 >> AMARA EZEAMAMA: THANK YOU 1864 01:12:40,267 --> 01:12:46,006 FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE 1865 01:12:46,006 --> 01:12:48,375 ONGOING RESULTS FROM OUR STUDY. 1866 01:12:48,375 --> 01:12:50,411 IT'S THE PRODUCT OF 1867 01:12:50,411 --> 01:12:52,413 COLLABORATION FROM SEVERAL IN 1868 01:12:52,413 --> 01:12:56,951 OUR TEAM, AND COLLABORATION 1869 01:12:56,951 --> 01:13:00,755 WITH MICHIGAN STATE SCHOOL OF 1870 01:13:00,755 --> 01:13:02,389 MEDICINE, KAMPALA CAPITAL CITY 1871 01:13:02,389 --> 01:13:03,023 AUTHORITY, AND UNIVERSITY OF 1872 01:13:03,023 --> 01:13:04,358 MICHIGAN. 1873 01:13:04,358 --> 01:13:06,060 WE HAVE AN AMAZING TEAM THAT'S 1874 01:13:06,060 --> 01:13:07,695 BEEN FOLLOWING THIS COHORT OF 1875 01:13:07,695 --> 01:13:08,562 CHILDREN FOR OVER ABOUT TEN 1876 01:13:08,562 --> 01:13:11,232 YEARS NOW. 1877 01:13:11,232 --> 01:13:13,167 IT IS A FIRST PERIOD WE ARE 1878 01:13:13,167 --> 01:13:16,604 ABLE TO DO THE NIH TOOLBOX, SO 1879 01:13:16,604 --> 01:13:17,538 REALLY EXCITED TO SHARE THIS 1880 01:13:17,538 --> 01:13:22,243 DATA. 1881 01:13:22,243 --> 01:13:24,578 SO AS SOME OF YOU MAY KNOW, WE 1882 01:13:24,578 --> 01:13:26,380 ARE DOING THIS WORK IN THE 1883 01:13:26,380 --> 01:13:29,016 CONTEXT OF HIV AND A LOT HAS 1884 01:13:29,016 --> 01:13:31,318 IMPROVED WITH HIV OVER THE 1885 01:13:31,318 --> 01:13:31,519 YEARS. 1886 01:13:31,519 --> 01:13:32,353 ESPECIALLY IN TERMS OF CLINICAL 1887 01:13:32,353 --> 01:13:33,554 MANAGEMENT. 1888 01:13:33,554 --> 01:13:35,189 PEOPLE ARE REALLY SURVIVING. 1889 01:13:35,189 --> 01:13:37,024 THE QUESTION THAT WE ARE REALLY 1890 01:13:37,024 --> 01:13:38,692 ASKING IS WHETHER THIS 1891 01:13:38,692 --> 01:13:39,827 POPULATION IS ALSO THRIVING. 1892 01:13:39,827 --> 01:13:42,329 AND ASKING THIS IN WAYS THAT 1893 01:13:42,329 --> 01:13:46,400 RELATE TO COGNITIVE AGING. 1894 01:13:46,400 --> 01:13:47,802 DESPITE VERY EFFECTIVE THERAPY 1895 01:13:47,802 --> 01:13:49,603 NOW WIDELY ACCESSIBLE AND 1896 01:13:49,603 --> 01:13:51,839 STARTING EARLIER AND EARLIER IN 1897 01:13:51,839 --> 01:13:56,177 THE COURSE OF DISEASE, 1898 01:13:56,177 --> 01:13:57,311 COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT, COGNITIVE 1899 01:13:57,311 --> 01:13:59,413 CHALLENGES REMAIN A BIG PROBLEM. 1900 01:13:59,413 --> 01:14:00,614 ALSO ISSUES OF ASSESSING 1901 01:14:00,614 --> 01:14:04,685 COGNITION IN WAY THAT'S IS 1902 01:14:04,685 --> 01:14:05,719 ACCURATE, RELEVANT, 1903 01:14:05,719 --> 01:14:06,287 REPRODUCIBLE AND CULTURALLY 1904 01:14:06,287 --> 01:14:07,721 APPROPRIATE. 1905 01:14:07,721 --> 01:14:09,824 MANY DIMENSIONS OF ISSUES WITH 1906 01:14:09,824 --> 01:14:11,225 COGNITION COME TO BEAR. 1907 01:14:11,225 --> 01:14:13,494 QUITE A BIT OF THEM COULD BE 1908 01:14:13,494 --> 01:14:15,496 LANGUAGE-DEPENDENT. 1909 01:14:15,496 --> 01:14:20,134 UNDERSTANDING THE PATTERNS AND 1910 01:14:20,134 --> 01:14:24,705 LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN 1911 01:14:24,705 --> 01:14:31,912 COGNITIVE IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT 1912 01:14:31,912 --> 01:14:34,248 AND VALIDATION ASSESSMENT. 1913 01:14:34,248 --> 01:14:36,483 SO THIS IS ASSESSING COGNITION 1914 01:14:36,483 --> 01:14:37,751 IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS IN OUR 1915 01:14:37,751 --> 01:14:39,220 STUDY. 1916 01:14:39,220 --> 01:14:42,556 WE ARE DOING THIS IN A CONTEXT 1917 01:14:42,556 --> 01:14:45,926 OF A TEAM ASSESSING USING AN 1918 01:14:45,926 --> 01:14:48,229 UGANDA ADAPTED BATTERY TO TEST 1919 01:14:48,229 --> 01:14:52,066 COGNITION USING PENCIL TEST AND 1920 01:14:52,066 --> 01:14:55,102 OTHERS. DR. JORDANY WILL REPORT 1921 01:14:55,102 --> 01:14:58,038 THE WORK ON THE CORRELATION OF 1922 01:14:58,038 --> 01:14:59,440 THE TOOLBOX AND OTHER MEASURES 1923 01:14:59,440 --> 01:15:00,374 IN THE STUDY. 1924 01:15:00,374 --> 01:15:02,042 WHAT I'M GOING TO TALK TO YOU 1925 01:15:02,042 --> 01:15:04,612 ABOUT IS THE RELATIONSHIP OR 1926 01:15:04,612 --> 01:15:05,913 CORRESPONDENCE OF INFERENCE WE 1927 01:15:05,913 --> 01:15:08,249 GET WHEN WE COMPARE HIV 1928 01:15:08,249 --> 01:15:09,016 DIFFERENCES IN PERFORMANCE AND 1929 01:15:09,016 --> 01:15:10,651 TOOLBOX TO WHAT THE INFERENCE 1930 01:15:10,651 --> 01:15:14,321 WOULD MAKE WHEN WE DO THE SAME 1931 01:15:14,321 --> 01:15:17,892 COMPARISON USING THE UGANDA 1932 01:15:17,892 --> 01:15:19,226 ADAPTED COGNITIVE BATTERY THAT 1933 01:15:19,226 --> 01:15:21,362 WE HAVE BEEN IMPLEMENTING. 1934 01:15:21,362 --> 01:15:22,897 SO IN TERMS OF OUR APPROACH, 1935 01:15:22,897 --> 01:15:25,199 THIS WORK IS DONE IN THE 1936 01:15:25,199 --> 01:15:27,067 CONTEXT OF A PERSPECTIVE COHORT 1937 01:15:27,067 --> 01:15:28,369 STUDY. 1938 01:15:28,369 --> 01:15:33,007 WE ENROLLED IN THIS STUDY BASED 1939 01:15:33,007 --> 01:15:36,210 ON PERINATAL HIV STUDY. 1940 01:15:36,210 --> 01:15:37,945 FOCUS ON 6-18-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN. 1941 01:15:37,945 --> 01:15:39,446 BECAUSE WE OFTEN STUDY CHILDREN 1942 01:15:39,446 --> 01:15:41,482 IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR 1943 01:15:41,482 --> 01:15:43,584 CAREGIVERS WE ALSO ENROLLED FOR 1944 01:15:43,584 --> 01:15:44,518 EACH CHILD A CAREGIVER SPEAKING 1945 01:15:44,518 --> 01:15:46,320 FOR THEM. 1946 01:15:46,320 --> 01:15:48,055 PLEASE IGNORE THE 300 THAT IS 1947 01:15:48,055 --> 01:15:50,291 THERE, THAT'S AN EDIT I FORGOT. 1948 01:15:50,291 --> 01:15:53,027 WE ENDED UP WITH ABOUT 750 1949 01:15:53,027 --> 01:15:53,928 CHILDREN IN THIS 12UDY. 1950 01:15:53,928 --> 01:16:00,401 THEY ARE GOING TO BE 250 THAT 1951 01:16:00,401 --> 01:16:02,503 ARE PERINATALLY EXPOSED 1952 01:16:02,503 --> 01:16:05,673 INFECTED AND 250 EXPOSED 1953 01:16:05,673 --> 01:16:07,207 UNINFECTED AND UNEXPOSED AND 1954 01:16:07,207 --> 01:16:09,443 UNINFECTED. 1955 01:16:09,443 --> 01:16:10,778 FUNCTIONAL OUT COMES MEASURE 1956 01:16:10,778 --> 01:16:12,079 COGNITION WHICH IS WHAT I WILL 1957 01:16:12,079 --> 01:16:14,014 SHOW YOU BUT WE ALSO MEASURE 1958 01:16:14,014 --> 01:16:16,016 RANGE OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL 1959 01:16:16,016 --> 01:16:17,017 HEALTH OUTCOMES AS WELL AS 1960 01:16:17,017 --> 01:16:19,653 QUALITY OF LIFE IN THIS STUDY. 1961 01:16:19,653 --> 01:16:22,523 WE ARE ASSESSING THESE OUTCOMES 1962 01:16:22,523 --> 01:16:23,791 REPEATEDLY ON AN ANNUAL BASIS. 1963 01:16:23,791 --> 01:16:26,093 THIS IS JUST TO GIVE A SENSE OF 1964 01:16:26,093 --> 01:16:28,595 HOW WE RECRUITED IN THIS STUDY. 1965 01:16:28,595 --> 01:16:36,603 WE ENDED UP WITH 750 CHILDREN 1966 01:16:36,603 --> 01:16:37,538 BETWEEN 6-18 YEARS. 1967 01:16:37,538 --> 01:16:40,174 THIS IS THE FOURTH IN A SERIES 1968 01:16:40,174 --> 01:16:41,375 OF PRIOR STUDIES THAT HAVE GONE 1969 01:16:41,375 --> 01:16:43,610 BEFORE. 1970 01:16:43,610 --> 01:16:49,350 WE CALL THAT THE PHAPS4. 1971 01:16:49,350 --> 01:16:51,285 IT COMBINES THE COHORTS. WE 1972 01:16:51,285 --> 01:16:53,187 ENROLLED 300 CHILDREN THAT ARE 1973 01:16:53,187 --> 01:16:55,990 6-10 YEARS OLD. 1974 01:16:55,990 --> 01:16:57,825 WE FOLLOWED THEM PERSPECTIVELY 1975 01:16:57,825 --> 01:17:01,161 AS WELL AND ALSO FOR ENROLLED 1976 01:17:01,161 --> 01:17:02,396 CAREGIVERS. A CAREGIVER COULD 1977 01:17:02,396 --> 01:17:03,297 HAVE MULTIPLE CHILDREN IN THE 1978 01:17:03,297 --> 01:17:13,407 STUDY. 1979 01:17:16,143 --> 01:17:19,580 IN R21 COHORT WE ENROLLED 450 1980 01:17:19,580 --> 01:17:23,917 CHILDREN THAT BELONGED TO 268 1981 01:17:23,917 --> 01:17:25,753 CAREGIVERS. WE COMBINED THIS 1982 01:17:25,753 --> 01:17:28,389 COHORT BUT ALSO ENROLLED NEW 1983 01:17:28,389 --> 01:17:31,625 PARTICIPANTS AS PART OF ARROW 1. 1984 01:17:31,625 --> 01:17:34,028 SO ABOUT 58% OF THOSE IN THE 1985 01:17:34,028 --> 01:17:37,431 ARROW ONE ARE FROM OUR LEGACY 1986 01:17:37,431 --> 01:17:38,766 PHAPS COHORT AND THE REST OF 1987 01:17:38,766 --> 01:17:41,135 THEM ARE NEW FOR THIS PROJECT. 1988 01:17:41,135 --> 01:17:44,304 EVERYONE IN THIS STUDY IS 1989 01:17:44,304 --> 01:17:46,106 SEEING AN NIH TOOLBOX FOR THE 1990 01:17:46,106 --> 01:17:46,974 FIRST TIME. 1991 01:17:46,974 --> 01:17:48,675 I WILL SHOW YOU EVERYONE WHO 1992 01:17:48,675 --> 01:17:50,677 GOT TESTED FOR TOOLBOX AND 1993 01:17:50,677 --> 01:17:52,613 EVERYONE WHO GOT TESTED FOR THE 1994 01:17:52,613 --> 01:17:54,381 COGNITIVE BATTERY. 1995 01:17:54,381 --> 01:17:56,316 THIS IS JUST TO SUMMARIZE WHAT 1996 01:17:56,316 --> 01:17:58,719 I WAS TELLING YOU WITH MUCH 1997 01:17:58,719 --> 01:17:59,520 KEENER PICTURES FROM OUR 1998 01:17:59,520 --> 01:18:01,522 STUDIES. 1999 01:18:01,522 --> 01:18:03,557 WE BASICALLY ASSEMBLED BASED ON 2000 01:18:03,557 --> 01:18:06,927 NO NEW HIV STATUS, PERINATAL 2001 01:18:06,927 --> 01:18:08,395 EXPOSURES AND ULTIMATELY 2002 01:18:08,395 --> 01:18:09,129 STUDYING CHILDREN AND CAREGIVER 2003 01:18:09,129 --> 01:18:12,266 PAIRS. 2004 01:18:12,266 --> 01:18:13,267 SO THESE TWO INDIVIDUALS, 2005 01:18:13,267 --> 01:18:15,702 BELIEVE IT OR NOT, ARE ACTUALLY 2006 01:18:15,702 --> 01:18:17,604 IDENTICAL TWINS. ONE OF THEM 2007 01:18:17,604 --> 01:18:19,006 ENDED UP ACQUIRING HIV. 2008 01:18:19,006 --> 01:18:20,307 AND YOU COULD GUESS WHICH ONE. 2009 01:18:20,307 --> 01:18:23,377 BUT AT THE TIME WE ARE 2010 01:18:23,377 --> 01:18:25,779 INTERVIEWING THIS FAMILY, THE 2011 01:18:25,779 --> 01:18:26,814 BOYS WERE 16 YEARS OLD AT THAT 2012 01:18:26,814 --> 01:18:28,215 POINT. 2013 01:18:28,215 --> 01:18:30,217 IT JUST GIVES YOU ONE WAY TO 2014 01:18:30,217 --> 01:18:32,219 VISUALLY SEE THE DIFFERENCE 2015 01:18:32,219 --> 01:18:35,055 LIVING WITH HIV VERSUS BEING 2016 01:18:35,055 --> 01:18:38,325 HIV EXPOSED AND NOT INFECTED. 2017 01:18:38,325 --> 01:18:39,726 ONCE YOU HAVE THAT INFORMATION 2018 01:18:39,726 --> 01:18:41,728 YOU LOOK AND SEE THEY ARE 2019 01:18:41,728 --> 01:18:44,364 IDENTICAL TWINS. 2020 01:18:44,364 --> 01:18:49,636 WE USED THE NIH TOOLBOX 2021 01:18:49,636 --> 01:18:51,472 COGNITIVE BATTERY VERSION TWO 2022 01:18:51,472 --> 01:18:53,373 IMPLEMENTED AT INTAKE AND EVERY 2023 01:18:53,373 --> 01:18:55,442 12 MONTHS WE HAVE THREE 2024 01:18:55,442 --> 01:18:57,611 REPEATED CYCLES OF ASSESSMENT. 2025 01:18:57,611 --> 01:18:58,612 ON A TABLET COMPUTER. 2026 01:18:58,612 --> 01:19:00,948 WE TRANSLATE TO THE LOCAL 2027 01:19:00,948 --> 01:19:02,683 LANGUAGES AND READ THE 2028 01:19:02,683 --> 01:19:05,119 INSTRUCTIONS OUT AS THE 2029 01:19:05,119 --> 01:19:06,954 PARTICIPANTS PERFORMED THE TEST 2030 01:19:06,954 --> 01:19:08,655 ON THEIR TABLETS. 2031 01:19:08,655 --> 01:19:10,858 SO WE DEFINED FOUR DOMAINS OF 2032 01:19:10,858 --> 01:19:12,159 COGNITION ACCORDING TO WHAT WAS 2033 01:19:12,159 --> 01:19:13,794 MEASURED IN THE TOOLBOX. 2034 01:19:13,794 --> 01:19:16,029 WE HAVE EXECUTIVE FUNCTION. 2035 01:19:16,029 --> 01:19:18,966 AND THEN THAT IS USING THE 2036 01:19:18,966 --> 01:19:20,801 DIMENSIONAL CARD SORT TEST. 2037 01:19:20,801 --> 01:19:25,639 THE PROCESSING SPEED AND 2038 01:19:25,639 --> 01:19:27,441 ATTENTION USING FLANKER AND 2039 01:19:27,441 --> 01:19:28,876 EPISODIC MEMORY USING THE 2040 01:19:28,876 --> 01:19:29,443 CORRESPONDING TOOLS IN THE 2041 01:19:29,443 --> 01:19:32,279 TOOLBOX. 2042 01:19:32,279 --> 01:19:35,816 I DIDN'T BOTHER TO TELL YOU 2043 01:19:35,816 --> 01:19:36,450 ABOUT UGANDA-BASED COGNITIVE 2044 01:19:36,450 --> 01:19:39,353 BATTERY, WE HAVE A SUITE OF 2045 01:19:39,353 --> 01:19:41,288 EIGHT TEST THAT'S COVERS A 2046 01:19:41,288 --> 01:19:42,890 WHOLE RANGE OF DOMAINS. WE MAP 2047 01:19:42,890 --> 01:19:46,627 THEM IN TERMS OF SIMILARITY OF 2048 01:19:46,627 --> 01:19:48,228 COGNITIVE DOMAINS. JUST TO GIVE 2049 01:19:48,228 --> 01:19:49,897 COMPARISON OF OTHER THINGS WE 2050 01:19:49,897 --> 01:19:52,566 CONTROL FOR, BEFORE I SHOW YOU 2051 01:19:52,566 --> 01:19:55,202 OUR RESULTS, WE CONTROL FOR 2052 01:19:55,202 --> 01:19:58,539 EDUCATION, AGE, BIOLOGICAL SEX, 2053 01:19:58,539 --> 01:20:00,574 AND THEN ALL HIV STATUS IS 2054 01:20:00,574 --> 01:20:02,209 CONFIRMED IN THE LABORATORY 2055 01:20:02,209 --> 01:20:03,410 CONFIRMED AND THEN IN CHILDREN 2056 01:20:03,410 --> 01:20:06,046 WE HAVE THE THREE GROUPS 2057 01:20:06,046 --> 01:20:08,749 BECAUSE IT IS PERINATAL HIV 2058 01:20:08,749 --> 01:20:11,919 STATUS, YOU ARE EITHER EXPOSED 2059 01:20:11,919 --> 01:20:14,955 AND INFECTED OR EXPOSED 2060 01:20:14,955 --> 01:20:16,657 UNINFECTED. 2061 01:20:16,657 --> 01:20:24,331 THEN IN ADULTS WE DID NOT 2062 01:20:24,331 --> 01:20:25,365 DISTINGUISH BETWEEN MODE OF 2063 01:20:25,365 --> 01:20:27,434 ACQUISITION. 2064 01:20:27,434 --> 01:20:31,972 WE CONFIRMED YOU WERE HIV 2065 01:20:31,972 --> 01:20:32,372 NEGATIVE AT ENTRY. 2066 01:20:32,372 --> 01:20:34,241 IN TERMS OF DESCRIPTIVE 2067 01:20:34,241 --> 01:20:36,743 ANALYSIS WE SUMMARIZED TEST 2068 01:20:36,743 --> 01:20:39,880 MEASURES ACCORDING TO HIV 2069 01:20:39,880 --> 01:20:41,582 STATUS AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. 2070 01:20:41,582 --> 01:20:44,484 WE DON'T LUMP THE CHILDREN AND 2071 01:20:44,484 --> 01:20:45,819 CAREGIVERS TOGETHER BECAUSE OF 2072 01:20:45,819 --> 01:20:49,289 THE VAST DIFFERENCES OF THEM. 2073 01:20:49,289 --> 01:20:50,991 WE ESTIMATE MEAN DIFFERENCES 2074 01:20:50,991 --> 01:20:55,429 AND VARIABLES. WE LOOK AT 2075 01:20:55,429 --> 01:20:57,331 CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN HIV 2076 01:20:57,331 --> 01:20:57,965 STATUS AND RESPECTIVE 2077 01:20:57,965 --> 01:20:59,600 APPROACHES WE DID. 2078 01:20:59,600 --> 01:21:01,668 THIS GIVES A SENSE WHO WE 2079 01:21:01,668 --> 01:21:03,604 ENROLLED THAT HAD COMPLETE DATA. 2080 01:21:03,604 --> 01:21:04,905 THE INFECTED CHILDREN WERE A 2081 01:21:04,905 --> 01:21:06,540 LITTLE BIT OLDER THAN THEIR 2082 01:21:06,540 --> 01:21:07,441 PEERS. THERE WERE NO 2083 01:21:07,441 --> 01:21:08,642 DIFFERENCES BY AGE. 2084 01:21:08,642 --> 01:21:11,478 IF YOU LOOK AT TREND OF NIH 2085 01:21:11,478 --> 01:21:12,913 TOOLBOX 4 YOU ARE BASICALLY 2086 01:21:12,913 --> 01:21:15,549 SEEING WE HAVE THE LOWEST SCORE 2087 01:21:15,549 --> 01:21:17,618 IN THE INFECTED CHILDREN, 2088 01:21:17,618 --> 01:21:19,786 INTERMEDIATE IN THE EXPOSED 2089 01:21:19,786 --> 01:21:20,988 UNINFECTED AND CONTROL CHILDREN 2090 01:21:20,988 --> 01:21:21,989 HAVE THE HIGHEST SCORES ON 2091 01:21:21,989 --> 01:21:23,190 AVERAGE. 2092 01:21:23,190 --> 01:21:24,558 THOSE ARE JUST MEANS AND 2093 01:21:24,558 --> 01:21:26,426 STANDARD DEFENCE YIGS. 2094 01:21:26,426 --> 01:21:28,862 -- DEVIATION. 2095 01:21:28,862 --> 01:21:32,299 ADULTS WE HAVE 249 LIVING WITH 2096 01:21:32,299 --> 01:21:35,435 HIV, 147 WITHOUT HIV. 2097 01:21:35,435 --> 01:21:37,738 THE ADULTS WITH HIV ARE A 2098 01:21:37,738 --> 01:21:39,673 LITTLE OLDER, THEY LIVED WITH 2099 01:21:39,673 --> 01:21:41,908 HIV FOR AVERAGE OF 14.5 YEARS 2100 01:21:41,908 --> 01:21:43,810 BEFORE WE ENROLL THEM. 2101 01:21:43,810 --> 01:21:46,647 YOU SEE SIMILAR TRENDS, CONTROL 2102 01:21:46,647 --> 01:21:47,814 ADULTS OUTPERFORMING ON AVERAGE 2103 01:21:47,814 --> 01:21:49,716 THE ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV FOR 2104 01:21:49,716 --> 01:21:50,984 THIS MEASURE. 2105 01:21:50,984 --> 01:21:52,719 NOW I JUST WANT TO SHOW YOU THE 2106 01:21:52,719 --> 01:21:54,221 RESULTS BACK TO THE CHILDREN. 2107 01:21:54,221 --> 01:22:00,494 AND JUST SHOWING YOU HOW THE 2108 01:22:00,494 --> 01:22:06,633 CHILDREN LIVING WITH CPH IV AND 2109 01:22:06,633 --> 01:22:08,669 CHEU. 2110 01:22:08,669 --> 01:22:11,705 YOU SEE THE GREATEST DEFICIT 2111 01:22:11,705 --> 01:22:14,641 FOR THE AFFECTED CHILDREN, CHEU 2112 01:22:14,641 --> 01:22:16,777 IS AT A DISADVANTAGE, LESS SO 2113 01:22:16,777 --> 01:22:18,645 BUT CONSISTENTLY. 2114 01:22:18,645 --> 01:22:21,915 THAT'S REPLICATED IN ALL OF 2115 01:22:21,915 --> 01:22:25,152 THEM, EXCEPTION OF PARENT PAIR, 2116 01:22:25,152 --> 01:22:30,791 AVERAGE DEFICIT CHEU BUT THAT 2117 01:22:30,791 --> 01:22:32,626 WAS NOT EXCLUSIVELY SIGNIFICANT. 2118 01:22:32,626 --> 01:22:34,728 THIS GIVES A SENSE OF THE SAME 2119 01:22:34,728 --> 01:22:40,100 SOUTH -- ASSOCIATION FOR 2120 01:22:40,100 --> 01:22:42,369 CHILDREN TEST THAT'S CORRESPOND 2121 01:22:42,369 --> 01:22:44,304 TO THOSE MEASURES. 2122 01:22:44,304 --> 01:22:46,740 WE REPLICATE ASSOCIATION FOR A 2123 01:22:46,740 --> 01:22:48,041 INFECTED CHILDREN AND WE DON'T 2124 01:22:48,041 --> 01:22:50,577 SEE DIFFERENCE WHEN'S WE LOOK 2125 01:22:50,577 --> 01:22:53,213 AT EXPOSED UNINFECTED WHEN 2126 01:22:53,213 --> 01:22:56,750 COMPARED TO CONTROL KITS. 2127 01:22:56,750 --> 01:22:58,552 SHOWING ADULTS, WE SEE LARGELY 2128 01:22:58,552 --> 01:23:00,287 NO DIFFERENCE FOR HIV STATUS 2129 01:23:00,287 --> 01:23:03,190 FOR ADULTS WITH ONE EXCEPTION, 2130 01:23:03,190 --> 01:23:04,624 PARENT COMPARISON WAS SOMEWHAT 2131 01:23:04,624 --> 01:23:07,160 LOWER IN THE INFECTED 2132 01:23:07,160 --> 01:23:07,761 POPULATION COMPARED TO 2133 01:23:07,761 --> 01:23:08,662 UNINFECTED CONTROL. 2134 01:23:08,662 --> 01:23:11,698 THIS RESULT, IF YOU LOOK AT 2135 01:23:11,698 --> 01:23:14,134 THE, WHAT IS MY RIGHT-HAND 2136 01:23:14,134 --> 01:23:16,436 SIDE, YOU BASICALLY SEE THE 2137 01:23:16,436 --> 01:23:17,904 SAME RESULTS FOR UGANDA TEST 2138 01:23:17,904 --> 01:23:18,772 BATTERY. 2139 01:23:18,772 --> 01:23:20,941 YOU SEE THERE'S NO ASSOCIATION. 2140 01:23:20,941 --> 01:23:23,276 AND THE DEFICIT WE SEE IS NOT 2141 01:23:23,276 --> 01:23:25,145 REPLICATED. 2142 01:23:25,145 --> 01:23:30,083 OKAY, SO I AM OUT OF TIME. 2143 01:23:30,083 --> 01:23:31,284 MESSAGES REPLICATE ASSOCIATION 2144 01:23:31,284 --> 01:23:35,255 BETWEEN HIV AND DEFICIT IN THIS 2145 01:23:35,255 --> 01:23:37,257 PERFORMANCE FOR THE TWO BATTERY. 2146 01:23:37,257 --> 01:23:38,892 AND IN THE TEST TOOLS WE HAVE 2147 01:23:38,892 --> 01:23:40,427 BEEN USING IN THE PAST. 2148 01:23:40,427 --> 01:23:42,796 IN ADULTS WE DON'T SEE THAT 2149 01:23:42,796 --> 01:23:43,830 MESSAGE IS REPLICATED. 2150 01:23:43,830 --> 01:23:46,533 THE ONE WE SAW WHERE WE SAW A 2151 01:23:46,533 --> 01:23:49,703 DIFFERENCE WAS NOT CONFIRMED BY 2152 01:23:49,703 --> 01:23:52,406 OUR OLD TEST. 2153 01:23:52,406 --> 01:23:54,741 OUR DATA SUGGESTS OTHER MAY BE 2154 01:23:54,741 --> 01:23:55,675 IMPORTANT IN ADULTS WE DON'T 2155 01:23:55,675 --> 01:23:57,244 HAVE TIME TO TELL YOU ABOUT ALL 2156 01:23:57,244 --> 01:23:59,279 OF THOSE NOW BUT HAPPY TO 2157 01:23:59,279 --> 01:23:59,980 ANSWER THOSE THROUGH QUESTION 2158 01:23:59,980 --> 01:24:00,614 AND ANSWER. 2159 01:24:00,614 --> 01:24:02,616 I WANT TO THANK YOU FOR 2160 01:24:02,616 --> 01:24:04,117 LISTENING BUT ALSO THANK OUR 2161 01:24:04,117 --> 01:24:05,819 FIELD TEAM AND KIDS THAT KEEP 2162 01:24:05,819 --> 01:24:06,753 US GROUNDED IN TERMS OF WHAT WE 2163 01:24:06,753 --> 01:24:07,154 DO. 2164 01:24:07,154 --> 01:24:17,330 THANK YOU. 2165 01:24:36,149 --> 01:24:36,716 >> MODERATOR: THANK YOU VERY 2166 01:24:36,716 --> 01:24:37,951 MUCH. 2167 01:24:37,951 --> 01:24:48,361 OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS DR. BRUNO 2168 01:24:48,361 --> 01:24:50,697 GIORDANI FROM UNIVERSITY OF 2169 01:24:50,697 --> 01:24:51,698 MICHIGAN AS WELL-OH MY 2170 01:24:51,698 --> 01:25:01,975 GOODNESS, SORRY. 2171 01:25:09,950 --> 01:25:13,186 NIH TOOLBOX ASSESSMENT OF 2172 01:25:13,186 --> 01:25:15,956 COGNITION, CORRESPONDENCE WITH 2173 01:25:15,956 --> 01:25:16,423 PERFORMANCE-BASED 2174 01:25:16,423 --> 01:25:17,057 NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2175 01:25:17,057 --> 01:25:18,592 OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN FROM 2176 01:25:18,592 --> 01:25:26,867 UGANDA. 2177 01:25:26,867 --> 01:25:28,668 >> BRUNO GIORDANI: I'M GOING TO 2178 01:25:28,668 --> 01:25:32,038 PRESENT SOME OF THE DATA 2179 01:25:32,038 --> 01:25:33,106 RELATED TO WHAT AMARA PRESENTED 2180 01:25:33,106 --> 01:25:35,542 BUT WE ARE GOING TO PRESENT 2181 01:25:35,542 --> 01:25:38,578 SOME MORE BASIC DATA ABOUT AGE 2182 01:25:38,578 --> 01:25:41,314 AND SEX DIFFERENCES AND SOME OF 2183 01:25:41,314 --> 01:25:42,082 THE CORRELATIONS WITH 2184 01:25:42,082 --> 01:25:43,316 NEUROPSYCH MEASURES. 2185 01:25:43,316 --> 01:25:44,985 THIS IS OUR TEAM ON THE LEFT. 2186 01:25:44,985 --> 01:25:46,319 YOU COULD SEE IT COMES FROM 2187 01:25:46,319 --> 01:25:47,187 MANY SITES. 2188 01:25:47,187 --> 01:25:50,123 AND WE HAVE TO ACKNOWLEDGE NIH 2189 01:25:50,123 --> 01:25:51,525 WHICH REALLY PAID FOR QUITE A 2190 01:25:51,525 --> 01:25:53,226 BIT OF THIS RESEARCH THAT'S 2191 01:25:53,226 --> 01:25:54,794 BEEN GOING ON FOR QUITE SOME 2192 01:25:54,794 --> 01:25:55,962 TIME. 2193 01:25:55,962 --> 01:25:57,230 ALTHOUGH WE JUST GOT THE DATA 2194 01:25:57,230 --> 01:25:58,598 LAST WEEK. 2195 01:25:58,598 --> 01:26:01,434 LET ME TALK ABOUT, IN TERMS OF 2196 01:26:01,434 --> 01:26:03,036 INTRODUCTION THERE ARE A COUPLE 2197 01:26:03,036 --> 01:26:04,371 OF EXAMPLES OF STUDIES THAT 2198 01:26:04,371 --> 01:26:06,072 HAVE USED CHILDREN IN AFRICA IN 2199 01:26:06,072 --> 01:26:07,173 TOOLBOX. 2200 01:26:07,173 --> 01:26:10,377 ONE IS A SAMPLE FROM ZAMBIA 2201 01:26:10,377 --> 01:26:11,678 THEY USED WHAT'S CALLED A 2202 01:26:11,678 --> 01:26:14,848 SCRIPTED VERSION. 2203 01:26:14,848 --> 01:26:16,483 THEY TRANSLATED THE MEASURES 2204 01:26:16,483 --> 01:26:19,185 AND THEN THEY OVER READ THEM 2205 01:26:19,185 --> 01:26:25,559 OVER THE TESTS. 2206 01:26:25,559 --> 01:26:27,594 DUFFEY IN KENYA HAS DONE A 2207 01:26:27,594 --> 01:26:28,795 FANTASTIC JOB. 2208 01:26:28,795 --> 01:26:31,631 TOOK QUITE A WHILE TO DO IT BUT 2209 01:26:31,631 --> 01:26:33,833 IT ALSO INCLUDED ALTERING SOME 2210 01:26:33,833 --> 01:26:36,503 MEASURES, AS WELL AS 2211 01:26:36,503 --> 01:26:37,437 SUBTRACTING AND ADDING SOME 2212 01:26:37,437 --> 01:26:38,505 TEST ITEMS. 2213 01:26:38,505 --> 01:26:41,308 WE ARE GOING TO PRESENT HERE 2214 01:26:41,308 --> 01:26:43,610 BECAUSE THAT VERSION, 2215 01:26:43,610 --> 01:26:44,678 UNFORTUNATELY, IS AVAILABLE 2216 01:26:44,678 --> 01:26:45,879 OUTSIDE OF TOOLBOX AND IS 2217 01:26:45,879 --> 01:26:46,980 RATHER COSTLY. 2218 01:26:46,980 --> 01:26:48,415 AND BECAUSE WE HAD STARTED THIS 2219 01:26:48,415 --> 01:26:50,183 IN THE MIDST OF OUR STUDY WE 2220 01:26:50,183 --> 01:26:51,351 COULDN'T USE IT. 2221 01:26:51,351 --> 01:26:53,853 SO I WILL PRESENT DATA FROM OUR 2222 01:26:53,853 --> 01:26:57,257 SCRIPTED MEASURES THAT LOOK AT 2223 01:26:57,257 --> 01:26:58,692 TOOLBOX AND THEY ARE COMPARED 2224 01:26:58,692 --> 01:27:02,529 TO THE SORT OF STANDARD HIV 2225 01:27:02,529 --> 01:27:09,336 BATTERY DEVELOPED BY DR. 2226 01:27:09,336 --> 01:27:11,938 NAKASUZIA YEARS AGO. 2227 01:27:11,938 --> 01:27:14,741 WE, LIKE ALL THE OTHER STUDIES 2228 01:27:14,741 --> 01:27:15,275 DROPPED THE CRYSTALLIZED 2229 01:27:15,275 --> 01:27:19,279 MEASURES. 2230 01:27:19,279 --> 01:27:21,181 DROPPED SORTING WORKING MEMORY. 2231 01:27:21,181 --> 01:27:22,916 WE FOUND IN PRE-TESTING IT 2232 01:27:22,916 --> 01:27:23,984 REALLY DIDN'T WORK WELL WITH 2233 01:27:23,984 --> 01:27:27,487 OUR POPULATION. 2234 01:27:27,487 --> 01:27:29,089 WE BACK TRANSLATED. 2235 01:27:29,089 --> 01:27:30,023 BOTHERED THE TOOLBOX STAFF 2236 01:27:30,023 --> 01:27:31,725 QUITE A BIT ABOUT ALL THIS, 2237 01:27:31,725 --> 01:27:33,293 GETTING THEM BACK AND FORTH AND 2238 01:27:33,293 --> 01:27:34,961 WE APPRECIATE THAT. 2239 01:27:34,961 --> 01:27:36,563 WE ALSO STARTED ALL TASKS 2240 01:27:36,563 --> 01:27:37,497 BECAUSE WE WEREN'T SURE ABOUT 2241 01:27:37,497 --> 01:27:38,798 EDUCATION. 2242 01:27:38,798 --> 01:27:40,500 OTHER EFFECTS WE STARTED ALL 2243 01:27:40,500 --> 01:27:42,836 TASKS AT THE LOWEST LEVEL 2244 01:27:42,836 --> 01:27:44,638 EXCEPT FOR FLANKER WHERE THE 2245 01:27:44,638 --> 01:27:46,406 CHILDREN BELOW 8 GOT THE FISHES 2246 01:27:46,406 --> 01:27:48,575 AND EVERYONE ELSE GOT THE 2247 01:27:48,575 --> 01:27:49,776 ARROWS. I'M PRESENTING 2248 01:27:49,776 --> 01:27:50,744 UNCORRECTED STANDARD SCORES 2249 01:27:50,744 --> 01:27:52,912 BASED ON THE OVERALL TOOLBOX 2250 01:27:52,912 --> 01:27:55,048 SAMPLE, BECAUSE FOR THESE 2251 01:27:55,048 --> 01:27:57,317 UNCORRECTED SCORES WE WANTED TO 2252 01:27:57,317 --> 01:27:59,052 GET AN IMAGE HOW EVERYTHING 2253 01:27:59,052 --> 01:28:00,120 LOOKED. 2254 01:28:00,120 --> 01:28:03,523 ALL THESE CHILDREN ARE TESTING 2255 01:28:03,523 --> 01:28:04,991 NAIVE, WE HAVEN'T USED KIDS 2256 01:28:04,991 --> 01:28:06,593 TESTED BEFORE TO TRY TO KEEP 2257 01:28:06,593 --> 01:28:07,994 THINGS AS CLEAR AS POSSIBLE. 2258 01:28:07,994 --> 01:28:09,162 THESE ARE THE STUDIES YOU HAVE 2259 01:28:09,162 --> 01:28:10,330 ALREADY SEEN. 2260 01:28:10,330 --> 01:28:13,066 THIS IS THE SOCIAL DEMOGRAPHIC 2261 01:28:13,066 --> 01:28:14,434 DATA RELATED TO THAT. 2262 01:28:14,434 --> 01:28:15,869 IN ADULTS YOU COULD SEE THE 2263 01:28:15,869 --> 01:28:18,638 AGES WERE IN THE LATE 30s. 2264 01:28:18,638 --> 01:28:20,640 EDUCATION WAS A SLIGHT 2265 01:28:20,640 --> 01:28:22,042 DIFFERENCE, WELL NOT A SLIGHT, 2266 01:28:22,042 --> 01:28:24,477 IT WAS A DIFFERENCE CLOSE TO 2267 01:28:24,477 --> 01:28:26,112 TWO YEARS BETWEEN ADULTS WITH 2268 01:28:26,112 --> 01:28:28,148 HIV AND THOSE WITHOUT, WHICH IS 2269 01:28:28,148 --> 01:28:29,949 NOT UNEXPECTED. 2270 01:28:29,949 --> 01:28:32,419 REMEMBER THESE ADULTS ARE 2271 01:28:32,419 --> 01:28:34,187 PREDOMINANTLY FEMALE, OR HEAVY 2272 01:28:34,187 --> 01:28:38,391 ON FEMALE BECAUSE THIS WAS A 2273 01:28:38,391 --> 01:28:39,392 SELECTED SAMPLE, ESSENTIALLY, 2274 01:28:39,392 --> 01:28:39,993 BECAUSE THESE ARE PARENTS OF 2275 01:28:39,993 --> 01:28:41,094 THE CHILDREN. 2276 01:28:41,094 --> 01:28:42,829 BUT WHEN LOOK TO THE CHILDREN 2277 01:28:42,829 --> 01:28:45,165 YOU SEE THERE ARE NO AGE AND 2278 01:28:45,165 --> 01:28:46,466 GENDER DIFFERENCES. 2279 01:28:46,466 --> 01:28:48,001 THIS IS OUR TOOLBOX BATTERY, 2280 01:28:48,001 --> 01:28:50,470 YOU HAVE SEEN THESE THINGS, I 2281 01:28:50,470 --> 01:28:51,705 WON'T BELABOR THIS. 2282 01:28:51,705 --> 01:28:53,807 IN TERMS OF TIME THIS IS OUR 2283 01:28:53,807 --> 01:28:54,974 UGANDA TEST BATTERY. 2284 01:28:54,974 --> 01:28:56,576 YOU COULD SEE THERE'S A LITTLE 2285 01:28:56,576 --> 01:29:01,314 BIT OF PROBLEMS MOVING FROM MAC 2286 01:29:01,314 --> 01:29:03,049 TO PC. 2287 01:29:03,049 --> 01:29:04,150 I START CERTAIN MEASURES HERE 2288 01:29:04,150 --> 01:29:06,853 BECAUSE THIEZ WERE THE TASKS 2289 01:29:06,853 --> 01:29:08,021 THAT MOST CONSISTENTLY 2290 01:29:08,021 --> 01:29:09,122 CORRELATED WITH THINGS. 2291 01:29:09,122 --> 01:29:12,125 I AM JUST GOING TO SHOW THOSE, 2292 01:29:12,125 --> 01:29:14,461 LIKE DIGITS SPAN BACKWARDS. 2293 01:29:14,461 --> 01:29:17,497 INTERESTINGLY, TRIAL 6 OF THE 2294 01:29:17,497 --> 01:29:18,998 AUDITORY VERBAL LEARNING TASK, 2295 01:29:18,998 --> 01:29:20,200 WHICH IS THE INTERFERENCE TRIAL 2296 01:29:20,200 --> 01:29:21,534 IS THE ONLY TRIAL THAT 2297 01:29:21,534 --> 01:29:22,502 CORRELATED WITH ANY OF OUR 2298 01:29:22,502 --> 01:29:24,771 MEASURES. 2299 01:29:24,771 --> 01:29:26,606 THE PROCESSING SPEED, EXECUTIVE 2300 01:29:26,606 --> 01:29:29,809 FUNCTION MEASURES, ALL OF THEM 2301 01:29:29,809 --> 01:29:30,744 CORRELATED EXCEPT VERBAL 2302 01:29:30,744 --> 01:29:32,112 FLUENCY WHICH IS INTERESTING AS 2303 01:29:32,112 --> 01:29:35,081 A VERBAL TASK. 2304 01:29:35,081 --> 01:29:37,083 FOR MOTOR COORDINATION WE ONLY 2305 01:29:37,083 --> 01:29:38,318 INCLUDE GAIT BECAUSE THAT WAS 2306 01:29:38,318 --> 01:29:39,919 THE ONLY MEASURE THAT SHOWED 2307 01:29:39,919 --> 01:29:41,688 ANY RELATIONSHIP AND WE WERE A 2308 01:29:41,688 --> 01:29:43,456 LITTLE SURPRISED THERE. 2309 01:29:43,456 --> 01:29:44,524 THESE ARE THE AGE DIFFERENCES 2310 01:29:44,524 --> 01:29:45,291 ACROSS CHILDREN. 2311 01:29:45,291 --> 01:29:48,027 YOU COULD SEE THERE ARE STRONG 2312 01:29:48,027 --> 01:29:48,561 DIFFERENCES ACROSS THESE 2313 01:29:48,561 --> 01:29:51,965 MEASURES, AS WE WOULD EXPECT, 2314 01:29:51,965 --> 01:29:53,900 WITH UNCORRECTED STANDARDS 2315 01:29:53,900 --> 01:29:56,002 SCORES INCREASING ACROSS THE 2316 01:29:56,002 --> 01:29:58,238 AGE RANGE FROM 10-16, ACROSS 2317 01:29:58,238 --> 01:30:00,039 ALL MEASURES I WOULD DRAW YOUR 2318 01:30:00,039 --> 01:30:02,075 ATTENTION TO THE INTERESTING 2319 01:30:02,075 --> 01:30:02,909 FACT, PICTURE MEMORY REALLY 2320 01:30:02,909 --> 01:30:06,913 SCORES IN THE LOW AVERAGE TO 2321 01:30:06,913 --> 01:30:08,848 AVERAGE RANGE CONSISTENTLY. 2322 01:30:08,848 --> 01:30:09,649 PATTERN COMPARISON, AS I SEE 2323 01:30:09,649 --> 01:30:11,751 SOMETIMES HERE IN THE U.S. ARE 2324 01:30:11,751 --> 01:30:14,487 THE LOWEST SCORES. 2325 01:30:14,487 --> 01:30:16,489 FOR ADULTS WE DON'T SEE 2326 01:30:16,489 --> 01:30:17,724 DIFFERENCES EXCEPT ON PICTURE 2327 01:30:17,724 --> 01:30:19,125 MEMORY WHICH IS INTERESTING. 2328 01:30:19,125 --> 01:30:20,860 WHERE WE BEGIN TO SEE A LITTLE 2329 01:30:20,860 --> 01:30:23,363 BIT OF A DROP OFF WITH AGE BUT 2330 01:30:23,363 --> 01:30:24,130 PARTICULARLY WITH THE OLDER 2331 01:30:24,130 --> 01:30:26,833 POPULATION. 2332 01:30:26,833 --> 01:30:27,634 SEX RELATED DIFFERENCES, THERE 2333 01:30:27,634 --> 01:30:30,336 ARE NONE IN THE CHILDREN. 2334 01:30:30,336 --> 01:30:33,873 AMONG THE MALES, THERE'S A 2335 01:30:33,873 --> 01:30:36,009 LITTLE BIT, YOU KNOW, IT'S 2336 01:30:36,009 --> 01:30:38,144 THOSE MALES DID A LITTLE BIT 2337 01:30:38,144 --> 01:30:39,779 BETTER THAN FEMALES ON PICTURE 2338 01:30:39,779 --> 01:30:40,980 MEMORY TESTS. 2339 01:30:40,980 --> 01:30:42,916 I'M JUST GOING TO PRESENT THE 2340 01:30:42,916 --> 01:30:44,117 CORRELATIONS THIS WAY OTHER 2341 01:30:44,117 --> 01:30:45,485 THAN PICTURES AND OTHER THINGS, 2342 01:30:45,485 --> 01:30:49,389 BECAUSE I WANTED YOU TO SEE THE 2343 01:30:49,389 --> 01:30:51,291 RELATIONSHIPS ACROSS THOSE ARE 2344 01:30:51,291 --> 01:30:54,327 THE GROUPS LIVING WITH HIV, 2345 01:30:54,327 --> 01:30:57,964 WITHOUT HIV, CHILDREN 2346 01:30:57,964 --> 01:30:59,999 PERINATALLY ACQUIRED HIV, 2347 01:30:59,999 --> 01:31:02,702 EXPOSED, UNINFECTED AND THE 2348 01:31:02,702 --> 01:31:04,504 CONTROL GROUP OF UNEXPOSED 2349 01:31:04,504 --> 01:31:06,239 UNINFECTED BUT THIS SHOWS YOU 2350 01:31:06,239 --> 01:31:09,275 SOME ISSUES THAT SHE UP. 2351 01:31:09,275 --> 01:31:13,012 ADULT LIVE FOR FLANKER, YOU 2352 01:31:13,012 --> 01:31:14,447 COULD SEE STRONG CORRELATIONS 2353 01:31:14,447 --> 01:31:15,915 ESPECIALLY IN THE CONTROL GROUP. 2354 01:31:15,915 --> 01:31:17,450 BUT FOR CHILDREN THERE'S A 2355 01:31:17,450 --> 01:31:18,818 LITTLE BIT LESS CLEAR PATTERN 2356 01:31:18,818 --> 01:31:21,187 WITH FLANKER. 2357 01:31:21,187 --> 01:31:23,656 AND ACTUALLY DIGITS SPAN SINGLE 2358 01:31:23,656 --> 01:31:24,524 DIGIT MODALITY IS MORE 2359 01:31:24,524 --> 01:31:26,626 CONSISTENT. 2360 01:31:26,626 --> 01:31:28,461 AGAIN THE CONTROL KIDS LOOKED A 2361 01:31:28,461 --> 01:31:30,797 LITTLE BIT -- IN PATTERN 2362 01:31:30,797 --> 01:31:31,631 COMPARISON YOU SEE A SIMILAR 2363 01:31:31,631 --> 01:31:33,833 THING. 2364 01:31:33,833 --> 01:31:36,269 AGAIN EMPHASIS BECAUSE OF 2365 01:31:36,269 --> 01:31:38,371 COGNITIVE TEST ON COLOR TRAILS 2366 01:31:38,371 --> 01:31:39,906 ONE AND TWO, SINGLE DIGIT 2367 01:31:39,906 --> 01:31:42,141 MODALITIES. 2368 01:31:42,141 --> 01:31:44,043 THE CONTROL CHILDREN LOOK QUITE 2369 01:31:44,043 --> 01:31:45,144 SIMILAR. 2370 01:31:45,144 --> 01:31:47,881 BUT WHAT IS INTERESTING HERE IS 2371 01:31:47,881 --> 01:31:50,817 WALKING SPEED FOR THE EXPOSED 2372 01:31:50,817 --> 01:31:52,919 UNINFECTED AND THE CONTROL 2373 01:31:52,919 --> 01:31:55,221 CHILDREN, ACTUALLY CORRELATED 2374 01:31:55,221 --> 01:31:56,589 PATTERN COMPARISON ACTUALLY 2375 01:31:56,589 --> 01:31:58,191 CORRELATED WITH WALKING SPEED. 2376 01:31:58,191 --> 01:32:00,593 FRANKLY WE HAVE SEEN THIS IN 2377 01:32:00,593 --> 01:32:02,095 SOME OF OUR DATA TOO HERE, 2378 01:32:02,095 --> 01:32:03,830 WHICH IS KIND OF AN INTERESTING 2379 01:32:03,830 --> 01:32:05,131 FEATURE WE WANT TO LOOK A 2380 01:32:05,131 --> 01:32:06,299 LITTLE MORE TIME AT. 2381 01:32:06,299 --> 01:32:09,502 IF YOU LOOK AT DIMENSIONAL 2382 01:32:09,502 --> 01:32:12,205 CHALLENGE CARD SORT, THE 2383 01:32:12,205 --> 01:32:14,540 EXECUTIVE MEASURE YOU COULD SEE 2384 01:32:14,540 --> 01:32:16,676 CONSISTENTLY FOR ADULTS YOU GET 2385 01:32:16,676 --> 01:32:18,945 STRONG CORRELATIONS ACROSS ALL 2386 01:32:18,945 --> 01:32:20,880 OF THESE MEASURES, AS WELL AS 2387 01:32:20,880 --> 01:32:25,919 IN CHILDREN, WITH THE EXCEPTION 2388 01:32:25,919 --> 01:32:28,154 IN THE PERINATALLY-HIV EXPOSED 2389 01:32:28,154 --> 01:32:29,689 UNINFECTED, ONLY ONE THEM, I 2390 01:32:29,689 --> 01:32:31,090 FORGOT THE DARK IN THERE IS 2391 01:32:31,090 --> 01:32:33,660 THERE, BUT YOU COULD SEE VERY 2392 01:32:33,660 --> 01:32:34,527 SIMILAR PATTERNS ACROSS THE 2393 01:32:34,527 --> 01:32:37,163 GROUPS. 2394 01:32:37,163 --> 01:32:40,166 PICTURE SEQUENCE MEMORY. 2395 01:32:40,166 --> 01:32:41,601 INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, ALL HOLDS 2396 01:32:41,601 --> 01:32:43,236 THE COLOR TRAILS 1. 2397 01:32:43,236 --> 01:32:45,204 WHICH IS SIMILAR TO TRAILS A, 2398 01:32:45,204 --> 01:32:47,073 WHICH IS JUST FOLLOWING THE 2399 01:32:47,073 --> 01:32:48,875 SEQUENCE. 2400 01:32:48,875 --> 01:32:51,077 COLOR TRAILS 2 REALLY RELATED 2401 01:32:51,077 --> 01:32:52,412 TO SOME AS WELL. 2402 01:32:52,412 --> 01:32:54,447 BUT IF YOU NOTICE MOST OF THESE 2403 01:32:54,447 --> 01:32:55,448 CORRELATIONS ARE WITHIN THE 2404 01:32:55,448 --> 01:32:56,749 CHILDREN'S GROUP. 2405 01:32:56,749 --> 01:32:59,786 AND THAT'S THE ONLY TIME YOU 2406 01:32:59,786 --> 01:33:00,553 REALLY SEE CORRELATIONS WITH 2407 01:33:00,553 --> 01:33:02,021 WHO. 2408 01:33:02,021 --> 01:33:04,524 SO WE WANT TO SPEND MORE TIME 2409 01:33:04,524 --> 01:33:06,259 LOOKING AT THIS, NOW THAT WE 2410 01:33:06,259 --> 01:33:07,961 GOT THIS DATA BACK WE WILL 2411 01:33:07,961 --> 01:33:08,995 START PAYING A LITTLE CLOSER 2412 01:33:08,995 --> 01:33:11,497 ATTENTION. 2413 01:33:11,497 --> 01:33:13,733 TAKE-HOME MESSAGES LOW TO 2414 01:33:13,733 --> 01:33:18,471 MODERATE CORRELATIONS EVIDENT 2415 01:33:18,471 --> 01:33:19,572 ACROSS-THE-BOARD, SAME WITH 2416 01:33:19,572 --> 01:33:22,709 ZAMBIA, THEY WERE THE SAME 2417 01:33:22,709 --> 01:33:24,577 EXCEPT CLOSER IN MEMORY. 2418 01:33:24,577 --> 01:33:25,445 ADULT AND CHILD PATTERNS ARE A 2419 01:33:25,445 --> 01:33:27,580 LITTLE DIFFERENT. 2420 01:33:27,580 --> 01:33:29,015 PICTURE SEQUENCE MEMORY REALLY 2421 01:33:29,015 --> 01:33:30,817 DIDN'T CORRELATE STRONGLY WITH 2422 01:33:30,817 --> 01:33:32,485 THE ABLT, EVEN THE CHILD 2423 01:33:32,485 --> 01:33:34,120 VERSION WHICH WAS MUCH TO OUR 2424 01:33:34,120 --> 01:33:35,655 SURPRISE SO WE WANT TO LOOK AT 2425 01:33:35,655 --> 01:33:37,357 THAT A LITTLE MORE CAREFULLY. 2426 01:33:37,357 --> 01:33:42,395 IF YOU LOOK AT AMARA'S DATA 2427 01:33:42,395 --> 01:33:43,629 WHICH SHOWED BETTER 2428 01:33:43,629 --> 01:33:46,132 CORRESPONDENCE IN MANY WAYS TO 2429 01:33:46,132 --> 01:33:48,267 THE TOOLBOX MEASURES IT WILL BE 2430 01:33:48,267 --> 01:33:50,803 INTERESTING TO LOOK AT. 2431 01:33:50,803 --> 01:33:51,971 PICTURE SEQUENCE MEMORY ON AGE 2432 01:33:51,971 --> 01:33:55,141 AND SEX EMPHASIZES THE NEED TO 2433 01:33:55,141 --> 01:33:55,942 ADJUST THESE VARIABLES. THERE 2434 01:33:55,942 --> 01:33:59,679 IS THE CAKE FROM THE FIRST RO1. 2435 01:33:59,679 --> 01:34:05,985 DOWN BELOW IS DR. JOREM AND 2436 01:34:05,985 --> 01:34:09,622 SAHAR, AND DR. AMARA AND DR. 2437 01:34:09,622 --> 01:34:10,623 BRUNO. 2438 01:34:10,623 --> 01:34:12,325 BECAUSE I'M THE ONE IN FRONT OF 2439 01:34:12,325 --> 01:34:13,259 THE SCREEN THERE'S MORE CAKE ON 2440 01:34:13,259 --> 01:34:14,660 THE TABLE. 2441 01:34:14,660 --> 01:34:19,565 I HAVE A THING FOR UGANDAN CAKE. 2442 01:34:19,565 --> 01:34:20,900 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 2443 01:34:20,900 --> 01:34:21,401 I MADE IT, RIGHT? 2444 01:34:21,401 --> 01:34:29,275 OKAY. 2445 01:34:29,275 --> 01:34:30,843 >> MODERATOR: YES, YOU NAILED 2446 01:34:30,843 --> 01:34:34,247 IT WITH TIME TO SPARE. 2447 01:34:34,247 --> 01:34:35,848 I MUST SAY THOSE CAKES WERE 2448 01:34:35,848 --> 01:34:36,849 BEAUTIFUL. 2449 01:34:36,849 --> 01:34:46,893 I HOPE THEY WERE AS TASTY AS 2450 01:34:46,893 --> 01:34:48,061 JUROR JUS. 2451 01:34:48,061 --> 01:34:49,595 GORGEOUS. 2452 01:34:49,595 --> 01:34:59,705 THE LAST SPEAKER IS DR. MARY 2453 01:34:59,705 --> 01:35:00,907 RODRIGUEZ-RABASSA, FROM PONCE 2454 01:35:00,907 --> 01:35:03,509 HEALTH SCIENCES UNIVERSITY. 2455 01:35:03,509 --> 01:35:06,646 DEVELOPING A SCHOOL READIYNESS 2456 01:35:06,646 --> 01:35:11,050 INDEX FOR POPZE COHORT STUDY IN 2457 01:35:11,050 --> 01:35:13,753 PUERTO RICO, ENHANCED 2458 01:35:13,753 --> 01:35:14,854 INTEGRATED TOOL UNIFYING MENTAL 2459 01:35:14,854 --> 01:35:25,198 AND PHYSICAL HEALTH. 2460 01:35:32,905 --> 01:35:33,706 >> MARY RODRIGUEZ-RABASSA: GOOD 2461 01:35:33,706 --> 01:35:34,307 AFTERNOON. 2462 01:35:34,307 --> 01:35:36,275 I'M HAPPY TO BE HERE AND SHARE 2463 01:35:36,275 --> 01:35:37,443 WITH YOU OUR WORK. 2464 01:35:37,443 --> 01:35:40,480 TODAY WE ARE PRESENTING THE 2465 01:35:40,480 --> 01:35:41,280 DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL 2466 01:35:41,280 --> 01:35:43,182 READIYNESS INDEX FOR THE POPZE 2467 01:35:43,182 --> 01:35:45,451 COHORT STUDY. 2468 01:35:45,451 --> 01:35:46,185 THESE STUDENTS ARE FROM PUERTO 2469 01:35:46,185 --> 01:35:47,553 RICO. 2470 01:35:47,553 --> 01:35:48,955 PROBABLY YOU ARE ASKING WHAT IS 2471 01:35:48,955 --> 01:35:52,225 POPZE. 2472 01:35:52,225 --> 01:35:55,962 POPZE STANDS FOR THE PEDIATRIC 2473 01:35:55,962 --> 01:35:57,396 OUTCOMES OF PRENATAL ZIKA 2474 01:35:57,396 --> 01:36:01,734 EXPOSURE STUDY. 2475 01:36:01,734 --> 01:36:03,002 WE CONDUCT LONGITUDINAL 2476 01:36:03,002 --> 01:36:03,636 NEURODEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENTS 2477 01:36:03,636 --> 01:36:06,439 OF CHILDREN THAT WERE EXPOSED 2478 01:36:06,439 --> 01:36:08,174 TO THE ZIKA VIRUS DURING 2479 01:36:08,174 --> 01:36:12,211 PREGNANCY. 2480 01:36:12,211 --> 01:36:16,616 WE CAN NO -- KNOW THERE ARE 2481 01:36:16,616 --> 01:36:18,284 DEVELOPMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF 2482 01:36:18,284 --> 01:36:20,086 THIS EXPOSURE, CONTINUE TO 2483 01:36:20,086 --> 01:36:23,956 EVOLVE EVEN IN CHILDREN WITHOUT 2484 01:36:23,956 --> 01:36:26,225 MICROCEPHALY AT BIRTH. 2485 01:36:26,225 --> 01:36:28,895 JUST FOR EXAMPLE, I WANT TO 2486 01:36:28,895 --> 01:36:30,463 SHARE WITH YOU THAT THESE 2487 01:36:30,463 --> 01:36:34,700 CHILDREN HAD , AT LEAST ONE 2488 01:36:34,700 --> 01:36:37,670 THIRD OF THESE CHILDREN HAD AT 2489 01:36:37,670 --> 01:36:38,938 LEAST ONE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, 2490 01:36:38,938 --> 01:36:41,007 WHEN THEY REACHED 24 MONTHS. 2491 01:36:41,007 --> 01:36:43,743 AND ALSO DURING THE 36-MONTH 2492 01:36:43,743 --> 01:36:46,045 ASSESSMENT. 2493 01:36:46,045 --> 01:36:49,182 WITH HIGHER PREVALENCE DURING 2494 01:36:49,182 --> 01:36:54,453 THE 24 MONTH ASSESSMENT. 2495 01:36:54,453 --> 01:36:56,789 WE WANTED TO, THE MAIN OUTCOME 2496 01:36:56,789 --> 01:37:00,626 OF THIS STUDY WAS TO IDENTIFY 2497 01:37:00,626 --> 01:37:09,502 -- WELL, TO ASSESS THESE 2498 01:37:09,502 --> 01:37:10,836 CHILDREN SCHOOL READINESS 2499 01:37:10,836 --> 01:37:11,971 SKILLS WHEN THEY REACH 5 YEARS 2500 01:37:11,971 --> 01:37:15,274 OLD. 2501 01:37:15,274 --> 01:37:22,048 WE ENCOUNTERED DIFFICULTIES IN 2502 01:37:22,048 --> 01:37:28,821 IDENTIFYING VALID TOOLS THAT 2503 01:37:28,821 --> 01:37:29,455 INCORPORATES MULTI-DIMENSIONAL 2504 01:37:29,455 --> 01:37:30,923 ASSESSMENTS. 2505 01:37:30,923 --> 01:37:35,461 WE DECIDED TO DEVELOP THIS FULL 2506 01:37:35,461 --> 01:37:36,395 READINESS INDEX BASED ON THE 2507 01:37:36,395 --> 01:37:39,832 LITERATURE. 2508 01:37:39,832 --> 01:37:41,267 HERE WE INCORPORATE THIS 2509 01:37:41,267 --> 01:37:45,638 MULTI-DID -- 2510 01:37:45,638 --> 01:37:47,206 MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ASPECTS OF 2511 01:37:47,206 --> 01:37:49,942 THE SCHOOL READINESS, INCLUDING 2512 01:37:49,942 --> 01:37:56,482 THE CLINICAL EXPERTISE OF 2513 01:37:56,482 --> 01:37:59,485 PSYCHOLOGISTS AND PEDIATRICIANS. 2514 01:37:59,485 --> 01:38:00,486 HOW DID WE CARRY OUT THIS 2515 01:38:00,486 --> 01:38:02,221 PROCESS? 2516 01:38:02,221 --> 01:38:06,659 WE COMPLETED ASSESSMENTS OF 119 2517 01:38:06,659 --> 01:38:08,361 CHILDREN, INCLUDING BOTH 2518 01:38:08,361 --> 01:38:12,198 EXPOSED AND UNEXPOSED CHILDREN. 2519 01:38:12,198 --> 01:38:16,068 THE ASSESSMENT INCLUDED 2520 01:38:16,068 --> 01:38:16,902 MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES, 2521 01:38:16,902 --> 01:38:18,471 INCLUDING PEDIATRICIANS, 2522 01:38:18,471 --> 01:38:19,038 CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS AND 2523 01:38:19,038 --> 01:38:20,106 PARENTS. 2524 01:38:20,106 --> 01:38:24,744 AND TO DEVELOP THIS INDEX WE 2525 01:38:24,744 --> 01:38:27,380 USE TEN VALID AND STANDARDIZED 2526 01:38:27,380 --> 01:38:30,016 INSTRUMENTS FROM WHICH WE 2527 01:38:30,016 --> 01:38:31,417 OBTAINED 25 SCHOOL READINESS 2528 01:38:31,417 --> 01:38:33,853 INDICATORS. 2529 01:38:33,853 --> 01:38:37,156 WITH THESE 25 INDICATORS WE 2530 01:38:37,156 --> 01:38:38,424 COMPUTED THEIR SCHOOL READINESS 2531 01:38:38,424 --> 01:38:40,393 IN THIS SCORE. 2532 01:38:40,393 --> 01:38:42,428 WE USE BINARY SCORING SYSTEM OF 2533 01:38:42,428 --> 01:38:45,264 0 AND 1 POINT. 2534 01:38:45,264 --> 01:38:48,067 AND THESE 25 INDICATORS ARE 2535 01:38:48,067 --> 01:38:49,201 DISTRIBUTED ACROSS FIVE 2536 01:38:49,201 --> 01:38:50,870 DOMAINS. WHICH ARE EARLY 2537 01:38:50,870 --> 01:38:51,937 LEARNING SKILLS. 2538 01:38:51,937 --> 01:38:54,473 PHYSICAL HEALTH. 2539 01:38:54,473 --> 01:38:56,575 SOCIAL EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT. 2540 01:38:56,575 --> 01:38:57,209 COGNITIVE SKILLS AND APPROACH 2541 01:38:57,209 --> 01:38:59,512 TO LEARNING. 2542 01:38:59,512 --> 01:39:01,347 THE ASSESSMENT OF EACH 2543 01:39:01,347 --> 01:39:03,849 INDICATOR IS DETERMINED BY 2544 01:39:03,849 --> 01:39:07,787 CUT-OFF POINTS IN THE TEST USED 2545 01:39:07,787 --> 01:39:12,625 TO EVALUATE WHETHER THE CHILD 2546 01:39:12,625 --> 01:39:14,093 POSSESSES THE SKILL AT THE 2547 01:39:14,093 --> 01:39:15,161 EXPECTED LEVEL. 2548 01:39:15,161 --> 01:39:16,996 WHICH IS CONSIDERED ON TRACK. 2549 01:39:16,996 --> 01:39:18,798 AND AWARDED ONE POINT. 2550 01:39:18,798 --> 01:39:22,435 IF THEY ARE BELOW, THEY ARE 2551 01:39:22,435 --> 01:39:23,736 CONSIDERED AT-RISK OR DELAYED, 2552 01:39:23,736 --> 01:39:30,409 AND ZERO POINTS ARE AWARDED. 2553 01:39:30,409 --> 01:39:32,778 WE USE DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS AND 2554 01:39:32,778 --> 01:39:35,881 LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS. 2555 01:39:35,881 --> 01:39:37,516 ADJUSTED FOR CHILD SEX AND 2556 01:39:37,516 --> 01:39:43,456 HOUSEHOLD INCOME. 2557 01:39:43,456 --> 01:39:46,726 HERE WE HAVE THE REPRESENTATION 2558 01:39:46,726 --> 01:39:48,594 THE FIVE DOMAINS AND MEASURES 2559 01:39:48,594 --> 01:39:51,230 USED TO ASSESS EACH OF THEM. 2560 01:39:51,230 --> 01:39:51,931 THEY ARE COLOR-CODED FOR 2561 01:39:51,931 --> 01:39:55,167 CLARITY. 2562 01:39:55,167 --> 01:39:56,902 LET'S DELVE INTO EACH ONE IN 2563 01:39:56,902 --> 01:39:59,372 MORE DETAIL. 2564 01:39:59,372 --> 01:40:00,906 THE EARLY LEARNING SKILLS 2565 01:40:00,906 --> 01:40:02,775 DOMAIN HAS MAXIMUM OF SIX 2566 01:40:02,775 --> 01:40:04,744 POINTS. 2567 01:40:04,744 --> 01:40:10,182 AND FOR THE COMPUTATION WE USE 2568 01:40:10,182 --> 01:40:11,717 THREE QUESTIONS THAT THE 2569 01:40:11,717 --> 01:40:12,551 PEDIATRICIAN ASKED TO THE 2570 01:40:12,551 --> 01:40:15,287 PARENT. 2571 01:40:15,287 --> 01:40:17,690 AND THESE QUESTIONS ARE IF 2572 01:40:17,690 --> 01:40:18,891 OTHERS CAN UNDERSTAND THE 2573 01:40:18,891 --> 01:40:22,094 CHILD, IF THE CHILD CAN EXPRESS 2574 01:40:22,094 --> 01:40:24,463 ORGANIZED IDEAS AND IF THE 2575 01:40:24,463 --> 01:40:25,731 CHILD COULD RETELL A STORY 2576 01:40:25,731 --> 01:40:29,902 LOGICALLY. 2577 01:40:29,902 --> 01:40:32,772 IF THE ANSWERS ARE AFFIRMATIVE, 2578 01:40:32,772 --> 01:40:36,275 WE AWARD ONE POINT FOR EACH ONE. 2579 01:40:36,275 --> 01:40:38,944 WE ALSO USE FINDINGS IN THE 2580 01:40:38,944 --> 01:40:41,714 PREACADEMIC SKILLS MEASURED 2581 01:40:41,714 --> 01:40:47,720 THROUGH THE BATTERY IV WHICH 2582 01:40:47,720 --> 01:40:49,822 LIKE WICA JOHNSON TEST. 2583 01:40:49,822 --> 01:40:56,295 HERE WE ASSESS LETTERS, 2584 01:40:56,295 --> 01:40:58,297 WRITING, ABILITY TO WRITE 2585 01:40:58,297 --> 01:41:00,232 LETTERS AND ACCOUNT AND POINTS 2586 01:41:00,232 --> 01:41:02,234 ARE AWARDED IF THE CHILD'S 2587 01:41:02,234 --> 01:41:04,970 PERFORMANCE IS AT LEAST ONE 2588 01:41:04,970 --> 01:41:05,604 YEAR BELOW THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL 2589 01:41:05,604 --> 01:41:08,808 AGE. 2590 01:41:08,808 --> 01:41:11,143 THE PHYSICAL HEALTH DOMAIN ALSO 2591 01:41:11,143 --> 01:41:14,447 HAS A MAXIMUM OF SIX POINTS. 2592 01:41:14,447 --> 01:41:15,815 THE COMPUTATION INCLUDES 2593 01:41:15,815 --> 01:41:16,382 PEDIATRICIAN EVALUATION, 2594 01:41:16,382 --> 01:41:17,550 DETERMINING IF THE CHILD IS 2595 01:41:17,550 --> 01:41:20,453 HEALTHY OR NOT. 2596 01:41:20,453 --> 01:41:23,856 AND IF SO, ONE POINT IS AWARDED. 2597 01:41:23,856 --> 01:41:26,692 THE FINDINGS FROM SENSORY 2598 01:41:26,692 --> 01:41:28,894 ASSESSMENT THROUGH THE 2599 01:41:28,894 --> 01:41:30,830 INSTRUMENT BASED VISION AND 2600 01:41:30,830 --> 01:41:31,831 HEARING SCREENING ASSESSMENTS, 2601 01:41:31,831 --> 01:41:33,199 ONE POINT IS AWARDED FOR EACH 2602 01:41:33,199 --> 01:41:35,134 IF PASSED. 2603 01:41:35,134 --> 01:41:36,469 FINALLY ONE POINT ADDED FOR 2604 01:41:36,469 --> 01:41:40,005 EACH OF THE FINE AND GROSS 2605 01:41:40,005 --> 01:41:43,576 MOTOR MEASUREMENTS FROM THE 2606 01:41:43,576 --> 01:41:45,044 QUESTIONNAIRE, CONSIDERING AGE 2607 01:41:45,044 --> 01:41:47,379 BASE CUT-OFF SCORE. 2608 01:41:47,379 --> 01:41:51,150 AND WE USE TOTAL QUOTIENT IN 2609 01:41:51,150 --> 01:41:54,286 THE PEABODY USING CUT-OFF SCORE 2610 01:41:54,286 --> 01:41:57,590 OF 90. 2611 01:41:57,590 --> 01:41:59,024 FOR SOCIAL EMOTIONAL 2612 01:41:59,024 --> 01:42:02,561 DEVELOPMENT DOMAIN, WE USE NIH 2613 01:42:02,561 --> 01:42:06,398 TOOLBOX PROXY, BATTERY AND AGES 2614 01:42:06,398 --> 01:42:07,900 AND STAGE SOCIAL EMOTIONAL 2615 01:42:07,900 --> 01:42:09,201 QUESTIONS. 2616 01:42:09,201 --> 01:42:11,136 WE USE STANDARD DEVIATION AS 2617 01:42:11,136 --> 01:42:12,505 THE CUT-OFF POINT FOR POINT 2618 01:42:12,505 --> 01:42:15,074 ALLOCATION. 2619 01:42:15,074 --> 01:42:16,542 CONSIDERING THE TYPE OF EMOTION 2620 01:42:16,542 --> 01:42:18,711 MEASURED. 2621 01:42:18,711 --> 01:42:20,112 FOR EXAMPLE, FOR POSITIVE 2622 01:42:20,112 --> 01:42:22,348 EMOTIONS ONE POINT WAS AWARDED 2623 01:42:22,348 --> 01:42:25,885 IF THE T-SCORE WAS 40 OR HIGHER. 2624 01:42:25,885 --> 01:42:27,453 BUT FOR NEGATIVE EMOTIONS, ONE 2625 01:42:27,453 --> 01:42:29,288 POINT WAS AWARDED IF THE 2626 01:42:29,288 --> 01:42:31,824 T-SCORE WAS LESS THAN 60. 2627 01:42:31,824 --> 01:42:35,694 FOR AGES AND STAGES OF SOCIAL 2628 01:42:35,694 --> 01:42:39,732 EMOTIONAL QUESTION WE USE 2629 01:42:39,732 --> 01:42:42,034 AGE-SPECIFIC CUT-OFF SCORE OR 2630 01:42:42,034 --> 01:42:47,006 ALLOW TO SCORE THIS ITEM. 2631 01:42:47,006 --> 01:42:50,042 FOR THE COGNITIVE SKILL DOMAIN 2632 01:42:50,042 --> 01:42:53,679 WE USE COGNITIVE SCHOOL TOOLBOX 2633 01:42:53,679 --> 01:42:55,180 BATTERY. 2634 01:42:55,180 --> 01:42:56,815 FOR EACH OF THE TOOLBOX 2635 01:42:56,815 --> 01:42:59,018 MEASURES ONE POINT WAS AWARDED 2636 01:42:59,018 --> 01:43:01,186 IF THE COMPOSITE SCORE WAS 2637 01:43:01,186 --> 01:43:03,188 GREATER THAN 86. 2638 01:43:03,188 --> 01:43:06,392 AND WE ALSO USED THE AGES AND 2639 01:43:06,392 --> 01:43:09,929 STAGE 3 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 2640 01:43:09,929 --> 01:43:12,331 AND AGAIN BASED, IT WAS THE 2641 01:43:12,331 --> 01:43:14,199 SCORE DETERMINATION WAS BASED 2642 01:43:14,199 --> 01:43:17,436 ON THE AGE-SPECIFIC CUT OFF. 2643 01:43:17,436 --> 01:43:21,774 FOR THE APPROACH TO LEARNING 2644 01:43:21,774 --> 01:43:23,375 DOMAIN, SORRY, THIS HAS A 2645 01:43:23,375 --> 01:43:25,978 MAXIMUM OF TWO POINTS. 2646 01:43:25,978 --> 01:43:30,015 AND THESE ARE DERIVED FROM THE 2647 01:43:30,015 --> 01:43:31,483 SIMULATION, EMOTIONAL SUPPORT 2648 01:43:31,483 --> 01:43:32,451 MEASURES OF THE HOME, SHORT 2649 01:43:32,451 --> 01:43:33,986 FORM. 2650 01:43:33,986 --> 01:43:37,122 THIS IS A HOME OBSERVATION 2651 01:43:37,122 --> 01:43:37,756 MEASUREMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT 2652 01:43:37,756 --> 01:43:40,359 TEST. 2653 01:43:40,359 --> 01:43:44,363 THIS HAS SIX AND FIVE QUESTIONS 2654 01:43:44,363 --> 01:43:44,697 RESPECTIVELY. 2655 01:43:44,697 --> 01:43:45,297 PRODUCING THE SAME NUMBER OF 2656 01:43:45,297 --> 01:43:46,832 POINTS. 2657 01:43:46,832 --> 01:43:51,470 AND SINCE THE TEST DOES NOT 2658 01:43:51,470 --> 01:43:54,206 HAVE A CUT-OFF SCORE, THE SCORE 2659 01:43:54,206 --> 01:43:57,109 WAS DISTRIBUTED INTO -- ONE 2660 01:43:57,109 --> 01:43:58,844 POINT WAS AWARDED IF THE SCORE 2661 01:43:58,844 --> 01:44:00,045 FELL BETWEEN THE SECOND AND 2662 01:44:00,045 --> 01:44:01,146 THIRD TOTAL. 2663 01:44:01,146 --> 01:44:07,019 SO WHAT WAS THE FINDING? 2664 01:44:07,019 --> 01:44:08,621 THE SEX DISTRIBUTION WAS ALMOST 2665 01:44:08,621 --> 01:44:09,755 50/50. 2666 01:44:09,755 --> 01:44:11,757 ONE THIRD OF THE CHILDREN WERE 2667 01:44:11,757 --> 01:44:12,825 ENROLLED IN SPECIAL EDUCATION 2668 01:44:12,825 --> 01:44:15,094 PROGRAMS. 2669 01:44:15,094 --> 01:44:17,730 [TERTILE] 2670 01:44:17,730 --> 01:44:19,932 HALF FAMILIES HAVE INCOME BELOW 2671 01:44:19,932 --> 01:44:21,166 $50,000. 2672 01:44:21,166 --> 01:44:22,267 AND MOST HAD PUBLIC HEALTH 2673 01:44:22,267 --> 01:44:26,905 INSURANCE. 2674 01:44:26,905 --> 01:44:29,141 -- BELOW $15,000. 2675 01:44:29,141 --> 01:44:30,309 WE OBSERVE THE STANDARD 2676 01:44:30,309 --> 01:44:32,177 DEVIATION IN EACH OF THE 2677 01:44:32,177 --> 01:44:33,979 DOMAINS AND INDEX, WITH THE 2678 01:44:33,979 --> 01:44:35,514 MAXIMUM SCORE ON THE RIGHT. 2679 01:44:35,514 --> 01:44:37,616 WE COULD SEE THERE APPEARS TO 2680 01:44:37,616 --> 01:44:38,917 BE GREATER DIFFICULTY WITH 2681 01:44:38,917 --> 01:44:40,653 EARLY LEARNING SKILLS. 2682 01:44:40,653 --> 01:44:41,920 WHICH ARE THE PRE-ACADEMIC 2683 01:44:41,920 --> 01:44:44,490 SKILLS. 2684 01:44:44,490 --> 01:44:46,825 ON AVERAGE, THE SCHOOL 2685 01:44:46,825 --> 01:44:49,228 READINESS INDEX WAS 18 POINTS, 2686 01:44:49,228 --> 01:44:51,463 WITH A MAXIMUM OF 25. 2687 01:44:51,463 --> 01:44:55,167 INDICATING ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT. 2688 01:44:55,167 --> 01:44:57,736 IN A LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL, 2689 01:44:57,736 --> 01:44:59,038 ADJUSTED FOR HOUSEHOLD INCOME 2690 01:44:59,038 --> 01:45:00,973 AND CHILD SEX WE FOUND THAT 2691 01:45:00,973 --> 01:45:03,475 CHILDREN NOT ENROLLED IN 2692 01:45:03,475 --> 01:45:05,711 SPECIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS HAD 2693 01:45:05,711 --> 01:45:06,545 SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER SCORES 2694 01:45:06,545 --> 01:45:08,614 THAN ENROLLED CHILDREN. 2695 01:45:08,614 --> 01:45:11,350 THIS SUGGESTS THAT THE INDEX 2696 01:45:11,350 --> 01:45:14,787 HAS DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY. 2697 01:45:14,787 --> 01:45:18,924 THEREFORE WE CONCLUDE THAT THE 2698 01:45:18,924 --> 01:45:20,926 SCHOOL READINESS INDEX 2699 01:45:20,926 --> 01:45:23,829 ASSESSMENT IS A COMPREHENSIVE 2700 01:45:23,829 --> 01:45:26,098 MULTI-SOURCE AND VALUED TOOL 2701 01:45:26,098 --> 01:45:28,867 THAT COULD HELP EDUCATORS, 2702 01:45:28,867 --> 01:45:31,670 PARENTS AND CLINICAL PROVIDERS 2703 01:45:31,670 --> 01:45:34,907 IN UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORTING 2704 01:45:34,907 --> 01:45:37,176 THE EARLY LEARNING READINESS 2705 01:45:37,176 --> 01:45:39,278 INTERVENTIONS FOR LIFE LONG 2706 01:45:39,278 --> 01:45:44,516 LEARNING AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS. 2707 01:45:44,516 --> 01:45:46,051 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION. 2708 01:45:46,051 --> 01:45:47,953 AND I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE MY 2709 01:45:47,953 --> 01:45:50,789 TEAM. 2710 01:45:50,789 --> 01:45:52,658 EVERYONE THAT HELPED US, THAT 2711 01:45:52,658 --> 01:45:53,225 MADE THIS WORK POSSIBLE. 2712 01:45:53,225 --> 01:46:03,402 THANK YOU. 2713 01:46:41,507 --> 01:46:42,775 >> MODERATOR: I'M CONNECT WITH 2714 01:46:42,775 --> 01:46:43,642 SOMEONE IN THE BOOTH. 2715 01:46:43,642 --> 01:46:45,077 COULD YOU TAKE US TO THE 2716 01:46:45,077 --> 01:46:46,578 HOLDING SLIDES. 2717 01:46:46,578 --> 01:46:47,613 IT SAYS SCREEN SHARING HAS 2718 01:46:47,613 --> 01:46:53,152 STOPPED. 2719 01:46:53,152 --> 01:46:55,587 ALL RIGHT. 2720 01:46:55,587 --> 01:46:58,390 SO WE HAVE ABOUT 15 MINUTES FOR 2721 01:46:58,390 --> 01:47:00,425 QUESTION AND ANSWER. 2722 01:47:00,425 --> 01:47:02,060 I ASK THAT FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO 2723 01:47:02,060 --> 01:47:04,062 HAVE HERE IN THE AUDIENCE, IN 2724 01:47:04,062 --> 01:47:05,497 THE ROOM, IN PERSON, TO PLEASE 2725 01:47:05,497 --> 01:47:06,899 COME DOWN TO THE MICROPHONE AT 2726 01:47:06,899 --> 01:47:08,734 THE END OF THE STEPS ON THE 2727 01:47:08,734 --> 01:47:12,971 RIGHT-HAND SIDE. 2728 01:47:12,971 --> 01:47:19,711 AND FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE 2729 01:47:19,711 --> 01:47:26,752 LISTENING VIRTUALLY, TO THE 2730 01:47:26,752 --> 01:47:27,920 BROADCAST, SORRY, AGAIN, CAN 2731 01:47:27,920 --> 01:47:35,360 YOU HEAR ME IN THE CONTROL ROOM? 2732 01:47:35,360 --> 01:47:37,229 IF YOU COULD GET BACK TO ONE OF 2733 01:47:37,229 --> 01:47:38,096 THE SLIDES. 2734 01:47:38,096 --> 01:47:39,798 THANK YOU. 2735 01:47:39,798 --> 01:47:42,634 >> SOMEONE IS ON THE WAY. 2736 01:47:42,634 --> 01:47:43,302 >> MODERATOR: SOMEONE IS ON THE 2737 01:47:43,302 --> 01:47:43,535 WAY. 2738 01:47:43,535 --> 01:47:46,271 THANK YOU. 2739 01:47:46,271 --> 01:47:47,639 SORRY FOR THAT INTERRUPTION. 2740 01:47:47,639 --> 01:47:49,007 AGAIN, IF YOU COULD COME DOWN 2741 01:47:49,007 --> 01:47:50,442 TO THE MICROPHONE IT WOULD BE 2742 01:47:50,442 --> 01:47:52,544 APPRECIATED SO ALL OF US 2743 01:47:52,544 --> 01:47:54,046 JOINING US VIRTUALLY CAN HEAR 2744 01:47:54,046 --> 01:47:55,781 THE QUESTION, AND ALSO THAT IT 2745 01:47:55,781 --> 01:47:57,883 COULD BE CAPTURED FOR THE 2746 01:47:57,883 --> 01:48:01,954 VIDEOCAST. 2747 01:48:01,954 --> 01:48:04,790 I BELIEVE WE HAVE A QUESTION. 2748 01:48:04,790 --> 01:48:09,228 >> I HAVE TWO FOR YOU, MOLLY. 2749 01:48:09,228 --> 01:48:11,129 I'M EMILY HO FROM NORTHWESTERN. 2750 01:48:11,129 --> 01:48:12,664 I ENJOYED THE TALKS. 2751 01:48:12,664 --> 01:48:13,966 I HAVE TWO QUESTIONS, ONE FOR 2752 01:48:13,966 --> 01:48:15,434 THE SECOND SPEAKER AND ONE FOR 2753 01:48:15,434 --> 01:48:16,568 THE LAST SPEAKER. 2754 01:48:16,568 --> 01:48:18,637 I NOTICED YOU SAID THE ONLY 2755 01:48:18,637 --> 01:48:20,439 TEST THAT HAD DIFFERENCES WERE 2756 01:48:20,439 --> 01:48:23,141 IN PATTERN COMPARISON AND THE 2757 01:48:23,141 --> 01:48:26,144 UGANDAN VERSION, WHICH WAS 2758 01:48:26,144 --> 01:48:28,280 ORAL, LIKE RECOGNITION? 2759 01:48:28,280 --> 01:48:31,450 WAS IT ORAL SINGLE DIGIT? 2760 01:48:31,450 --> 01:48:41,760 THAT WAS FOR YOU. 2761 01:48:43,729 --> 01:48:45,831 >> AMARA EZEAMAMA: IN PATTERN 2762 01:48:45,831 --> 01:48:47,165 COMPARISON FOR ADULTS WE DIDN'T 2763 01:48:47,165 --> 01:48:51,336 FIND IN THREE OUT OF FOR TESTS 2764 01:48:51,336 --> 01:48:52,170 EXCEPT PATTERN COMPARISON, 2765 01:48:52,170 --> 01:48:54,673 THERE WE FOUND SOMETHING LIKE 2 2766 01:48:54,673 --> 01:48:56,508 OF 6 IN ADULTS COMPARED TO 2767 01:48:56,508 --> 01:48:57,809 CONTROLS. 2768 01:48:57,809 --> 01:49:01,346 I BELIEVE THE CORRESPONDING 2769 01:49:01,346 --> 01:49:05,817 TEST IN UGANDA-BASED BATTERY 2770 01:49:05,817 --> 01:49:07,719 WAS THE SINGLE DIGIT, THERE WE 2771 01:49:07,719 --> 01:49:09,655 DIDN'T SEE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 2772 01:49:09,655 --> 01:49:11,857 HIV STATUS AND PERFORMANCE ON 2773 01:49:11,857 --> 01:49:14,493 THE SDMT. 2774 01:49:14,493 --> 01:49:16,295 WHICH IS WHERE, WE EXPECTED 2775 01:49:16,295 --> 01:49:17,696 SIGNIFICANT BUT AT LEAST 2776 01:49:17,696 --> 01:49:19,831 DIRECTIONALLY, SOME WAY TO HAVE 2777 01:49:19,831 --> 01:49:22,367 US CONCLUDE THAT THE INFERENCE 2778 01:49:22,367 --> 01:49:23,769 WAS THE SAME, WAS SIMILAR. 2779 01:49:23,769 --> 01:49:26,305 IN THIS CASE IT WAS NOT SIMILAR. 2780 01:49:26,305 --> 01:49:28,340 >> I WANTED TO ASK WHETHER YOU 2781 01:49:28,340 --> 01:49:30,876 THOUGHT THERE WAS ANYTHING LIKE 2782 01:49:30,876 --> 01:49:32,177 MAYBE CULTURALLY SALIENT IN ONE 2783 01:49:32,177 --> 01:49:34,379 OR TWO OF THOSE, EITHER THE 2784 01:49:34,379 --> 01:49:38,216 PATTERN COMPARISON, OR THE 2785 01:49:38,216 --> 01:49:39,851 UGANDAN ORAL SIMULATED VERSION 2786 01:49:39,851 --> 01:49:41,286 THAT COULD HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO 2787 01:49:41,286 --> 01:49:43,188 THIS? 2788 01:49:43,188 --> 01:49:45,324 >> AMARA EZEAMAMA: WE THOUGHT 2789 01:49:45,324 --> 01:49:46,925 BECAUSE THE TOOLBOX MEASURES 2790 01:49:46,925 --> 01:49:48,660 WERE LANGUAGE INDEPENDENT AND 2791 01:49:48,660 --> 01:49:51,396 PEOPLE HAD A TABLET, THEY SORT 2792 01:49:51,396 --> 01:49:53,799 OF PLAYED GAMES, THAT THE 2793 01:49:53,799 --> 01:49:55,400 TOOLBOX WAS MORE SENSITIVE. 2794 01:49:55,400 --> 01:49:56,735 AND WE REALLY, I DIDN'T GET A 2795 01:49:56,735 --> 01:49:59,771 CHANCE TO TALK ABOUT IT, WAS 2796 01:49:59,771 --> 01:50:01,406 ABLE TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN 2797 01:50:01,406 --> 01:50:03,175 NOT JUST, WE BELIEVE THE 2798 01:50:03,175 --> 01:50:04,810 TOOLBOX AND BELIEVE IT WAS 2799 01:50:04,810 --> 01:50:08,013 PICKING UP A DIFFERENCE, WE 2800 01:50:08,013 --> 01:50:09,448 THOUGHT EXISTED BUT COULDN'T 2801 01:50:09,448 --> 01:50:13,986 TELL GIVEN THOSE TOOLS. 2802 01:50:13,986 --> 01:50:16,088 ESPECIALLY WHEN COMPARING 2803 01:50:16,088 --> 01:50:17,155 HEU'S, EXPOSED INFECTED 2804 01:50:17,155 --> 01:50:18,056 CHILDREN COMPARED TO CONTROL. 2805 01:50:18,056 --> 01:50:20,993 WHEN YOU HAVE A 2806 01:50:20,993 --> 01:50:22,260 LANGUAGE-DEPENDENT TEST IN THE 2807 01:50:22,260 --> 01:50:23,729 CONTROLS YOU SEE THAT MIDDLE 2808 01:50:23,729 --> 01:50:26,031 GROUP WAS DIFFERENT. 2809 01:50:26,031 --> 01:50:29,668 WE JUST WANTED TO -- YEAH. 2810 01:50:29,668 --> 01:50:32,671 >> WE SAW THE DIFFERENCE IN THE 2811 01:50:32,671 --> 01:50:34,573 MIDDLE, IN THE EXPOSED 2812 01:50:34,573 --> 01:50:36,241 UNINFECTED GROUP WHICH WE HAD 2813 01:50:36,241 --> 01:50:38,110 EXPECTED TO SEE WITH ALL OF THE 2814 01:50:38,110 --> 01:50:39,945 TEST, WHICH WE DIDN'T SEE WITH 2815 01:50:39,945 --> 01:50:41,780 THE STANDARD MEASURES. 2816 01:50:41,780 --> 01:50:43,115 THERE'S SOMETHING ABOUT GIVING 2817 01:50:43,115 --> 01:50:45,617 AN ADULT OR A CHILD A TABLET. 2818 01:50:45,617 --> 01:50:46,918 AND THEY ENJOY IT AND THEY WORK 2819 01:50:46,918 --> 01:50:47,886 ON IT. 2820 01:50:47,886 --> 01:50:49,988 AND THEY DO IT AND THEY DO IT 2821 01:50:49,988 --> 01:50:53,658 FAIRLY WELL AND HARD SO YOU GET 2822 01:50:53,658 --> 01:50:54,926 SOLID MOTIVATION OVER THAT. 2823 01:50:54,926 --> 01:50:57,462 WHICH IS A LITTLE BIT EASIER 2824 01:50:57,462 --> 01:50:58,296 SOMETIMES BETWEEN SOMEONE 2825 01:50:58,296 --> 01:51:01,933 STANDING IN FRONT OF AN 2826 01:51:01,933 --> 01:51:02,501 ADMINISTRATIVE TEST WITH A 2827 01:51:02,501 --> 01:51:10,142 WATCH. 2828 01:51:10,142 --> 01:51:11,777 WE WERE SURPRISED HOW CLEAR. 2829 01:51:11,777 --> 01:51:14,980 THERE WAS THE ISSUE WITH 2830 01:51:14,980 --> 01:51:16,415 PATTERN COMPARISON, IT SHOWS 2831 01:51:16,415 --> 01:51:17,349 THE LOWEST SCORES ACROSS THE 2832 01:51:17,349 --> 01:51:18,116 POPULATION. 2833 01:51:18,116 --> 01:51:22,821 AND IT IS A SPEEDED TASK. 2834 01:51:22,821 --> 01:51:24,289 SINGLE DIGIT MODALITY. 2835 01:51:24,289 --> 01:51:26,191 BUT THE FACT IT'S A SPEEDED 2836 01:51:26,191 --> 01:51:28,827 QUICK TEST MAY BE WHY IT'S A 2837 01:51:28,827 --> 01:51:29,694 LITTLE MORE SENSITIVE. 2838 01:51:29,694 --> 01:51:31,029 >> THANK YOU. 2839 01:51:31,029 --> 01:51:34,633 AND THE SECOND QUESTION IS, SOO 2840 01:51:34,633 --> 01:51:37,402 SO I NOTICED FOR THE SCHOOL 2841 01:51:37,402 --> 01:51:38,737 READINESS TEXT FOR EMOTION, YOU 2842 01:51:38,737 --> 01:51:39,604 USE PARENT REPORT. 2843 01:51:39,604 --> 01:51:41,606 I WONDER IF YOU THINK THE 2844 01:51:41,606 --> 01:51:43,742 RESULTS WOULD BE A LITTLE 2845 01:51:43,742 --> 01:51:45,477 DIFFERENT IF YOU USE 2846 01:51:45,477 --> 01:51:47,279 SELF-REPORT, LIKE CHILD REPORT 2847 01:51:47,279 --> 01:51:49,581 ASSESSMENTS. THIS IS RELATED TO 2848 01:51:49,581 --> 01:52:00,058 THE TOOLBOX EMOTION BATTERY. 2849 01:52:04,796 --> 01:52:05,497 >> MARY RODRIGUEZ-RABASSA: 2850 01:52:05,497 --> 01:52:07,365 BASED ON THE AGE OF THE 2851 01:52:07,365 --> 01:52:09,167 CHILDREN, IT DOESN'T HAVE -- 2852 01:52:09,167 --> 01:52:10,802 >> MARY, I WILL ASK YOU TO 2853 01:52:10,802 --> 01:52:12,204 SPEAK UP A LITTLE BIT. 2854 01:52:12,204 --> 01:52:14,773 EVEN THOUGH, I KNOW IT'S ON. 2855 01:52:14,773 --> 01:52:15,474 THANKS. 2856 01:52:15,474 --> 01:52:17,075 >> MARY RODRIGUEZ-RABASSA: 2857 01:52:17,075 --> 01:52:20,045 OKAY, I WAS SAYING BASED ON THE 2858 01:52:20,045 --> 01:52:24,049 CHILDREN'S AGE THEY ARE LIKE 54 2859 01:52:24,049 --> 01:52:26,451 MONTHS OLD TO 66 MONTHS. 2860 01:52:26,451 --> 01:52:30,889 THE TOOLBOX DOES NOT HAVE 2861 01:52:30,889 --> 01:52:31,723 MEASURE, SELF REPORTING 2862 01:52:31,723 --> 01:52:33,658 MEASURES FOR THAT AGE GROUP. 2863 01:52:33,658 --> 01:52:36,027 WE NEEDED TO USE THE PARENT 2864 01:52:36,027 --> 01:52:37,596 REPORT. 2865 01:52:37,596 --> 01:52:40,398 THE RESULT MIGHT BE DIFFERENT. 2866 01:52:40,398 --> 01:52:41,500 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: GREAT, I 2867 01:52:41,500 --> 01:52:43,735 WANT TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION 2868 01:52:43,735 --> 01:52:46,071 THERE'S RECENT WORK WITH 2869 01:52:46,071 --> 01:52:47,572 PROMISE AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD 2870 01:52:47,572 --> 01:52:49,374 EXTENSIONS FOR TESTS THAT ARE 2871 01:52:49,374 --> 01:52:52,110 VERY SIMILAR, IF NOT IDENTICAL 2872 01:52:52,110 --> 01:52:53,278 TO WORDING TO THE EMOTION 2873 01:52:53,278 --> 01:52:53,612 BATTERY. 2874 01:52:53,612 --> 01:53:03,788 THANK YOU. 2875 01:53:08,927 --> 01:53:12,297 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: I HAD A 2876 01:53:12,297 --> 01:53:22,807 QUESTION FOR DR. GIORDANI, I 2877 01:53:24,609 --> 01:53:26,545 WAS WONDERING TO WHAT EXTENT IT 2878 01:53:26,545 --> 01:53:29,381 WAS A REFLECTION OF AN OVERALL 2879 01:53:29,381 --> 01:53:32,918 MEASURE OF DIFFICULTY, OR 2880 01:53:32,918 --> 01:53:34,386 BASICALLY SEVERITY OF THE 2881 01:53:34,386 --> 01:53:36,221 PATIENT OR WHETHER THERE WERE 2882 01:53:36,221 --> 01:53:39,357 OTHER FACTORS YOU THINK WOULD 2883 01:53:39,357 --> 01:53:43,395 BASICALLY CAUSE THAT 2884 01:53:43,395 --> 01:53:45,030 CORELATION TO BE SEEMINGLY THE 2885 01:53:45,030 --> 01:53:51,203 MOST PREDOMINANT? 2886 01:53:51,203 --> 01:53:52,204 >> BRUNO GIORDANI: I SEE YOUR 2887 01:53:52,204 --> 01:53:56,107 POINT. 2888 01:53:56,107 --> 01:53:58,743 WITH TRAILS 2 AS WELL. 2889 01:53:58,743 --> 01:54:00,845 EVEN WHEN YOU USE TRAILS A AND 2890 01:54:00,845 --> 01:54:02,781 B THERE'S SUCH A HIGH 2891 01:54:02,781 --> 01:54:04,216 CORRELATION BETWEEN THE TWO, 2892 01:54:04,216 --> 01:54:06,651 IT'S SOMETIMES, I WONDER IF 2893 01:54:06,651 --> 01:54:07,752 SOMETIMES IT'S JUST THAT 2894 01:54:07,752 --> 01:54:09,087 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO 2895 01:54:09,087 --> 01:54:10,355 THAT DRIVES ONE OR THE OTHER TO 2896 01:54:10,355 --> 01:54:11,690 BE SIGNIFICANT. 2897 01:54:11,690 --> 01:54:13,625 BECAUSE WHEN WE LOOK AROUND YOU 2898 01:54:13,625 --> 01:54:15,827 SEE THAT, WELL, THE HEALTHY 2899 01:54:15,827 --> 01:54:21,600 CONTROL ADULTS ARE HIGHEST ON B. 2900 01:54:21,600 --> 01:54:24,135 THE HIV POSITIVE ARE HIGHEST ON 2901 01:54:24,135 --> 01:54:25,337 TRAILS 1, THAT IS. 2902 01:54:25,337 --> 01:54:27,472 AND YET ON THE NEXT ONE IT'S A 2903 01:54:27,472 --> 01:54:28,440 REVERSE PATTERN. 2904 01:54:28,440 --> 01:54:32,077 SO I THINK THERE'S A 2905 01:54:32,077 --> 01:54:33,011 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THOSE 2906 01:54:33,011 --> 01:54:35,146 TESTS THAT IS CLEAR. 2907 01:54:35,146 --> 01:54:37,148 BUT REALLY, OVERALL, THOSE KIND 2908 01:54:37,148 --> 01:54:40,018 OF MEASURES OF EXECUTIVE 2909 01:54:40,018 --> 01:54:43,221 FUNCTION ARE CORRELATED ACROSS 2910 01:54:43,221 --> 01:54:43,688 THE TOOLBOX MEASURES. 2911 01:54:43,688 --> 01:54:45,957 IT'S A LITTLE BIT OF A DRIFT 2912 01:54:45,957 --> 01:54:47,759 THAT SOME PEOPLE HAVE POINTED 2913 01:54:47,759 --> 01:54:49,060 OUT, THE TOOLBOX MEASURES 2914 01:54:49,060 --> 01:54:50,495 BECAUSE THEY WERE DESIGNED TO 2915 01:54:50,495 --> 01:54:52,998 BE EXECUTIVE AND 2916 01:54:52,998 --> 01:54:53,531 ATTENTION-BASED, REALLY 2917 01:54:53,531 --> 01:54:55,533 CORRELATE WITH A NUMBER OF 2918 01:54:55,533 --> 01:54:57,569 THOSE PAPER AND PENCIL MEASURES. 2919 01:54:57,569 --> 01:54:59,671 BUT I THINK IT'S INTERESTING TO 2920 01:54:59,671 --> 01:55:00,705 SEE, IT'S ALSO INTERESTING TO 2921 01:55:00,705 --> 01:55:02,907 SEE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE ACTUAL 2922 01:55:02,907 --> 01:55:07,979 SORT OF VALIDATION BASED ON 2923 01:55:07,979 --> 01:55:08,780 DIFFERENCES OF DIAGNOSTIC 2924 01:55:08,780 --> 01:55:10,582 CHARACTER, TOOLBOX SEEMS TO 2925 01:55:10,582 --> 01:55:14,319 PUSH OUT THE MORE TRADITIONAL 2926 01:55:14,319 --> 01:55:16,021 PAPER AND PENCIL MEASURES TO 2927 01:55:16,021 --> 01:55:21,226 BEING SENSITIVE ESPECIALLY TO 2928 01:55:21,226 --> 01:55:22,294 THAT EXPOSED, UNINFECTED GROUP. 2929 01:55:22,294 --> 01:55:25,263 WHICH IS WHAT WE FOUND. 2930 01:55:25,263 --> 01:55:27,165 >> AUDIENCE MEMBER: THANKS. 2931 01:55:27,165 --> 01:55:28,266 >> MODERATOR: ANY OTHER 2932 01:55:28,266 --> 01:55:29,401 QUESTIONS FROM THE AUDIENCE? 2933 01:55:29,401 --> 01:55:31,002 I WOULD LIKE TO TAKE AN 2934 01:55:31,002 --> 01:55:32,637 OPPORTUNITY TO MAYBE GET AN 2935 01:55:32,637 --> 01:55:39,277 EXCHANGE GOING AT THE TABLE. 2936 01:55:39,277 --> 01:55:41,613 SO, AMY, YOU KNOW YOUR 2937 01:55:41,613 --> 01:55:42,447 PRESENTATION CERTAINLY POINTED 2938 01:55:42,447 --> 01:55:48,086 OUT A NUMBER OF THE ISSUES, BUT 2939 01:55:48,086 --> 01:55:49,821 JUST DIFFERENCES IN WORKING 2940 01:55:49,821 --> 01:55:52,324 WITH THE INDIAN POPULATIONS AND 2941 01:55:52,324 --> 01:55:54,859 THE MANY THINGS THAT COME UP, 2942 01:55:54,859 --> 01:55:57,462 I'M QUITE AWARE OF SOME OF THEM. 2943 01:55:57,462 --> 01:56:01,266 I DON'T REMEMBER HER LAST NAME 2944 01:56:01,266 --> 01:56:03,301 BUT SELESTINA? 2945 01:56:03,301 --> 01:56:06,137 YES, SO SHE ACTUALLY HAS A 2946 01:56:06,137 --> 01:56:09,774 GRANT AWARDED ALONG WITH DR. 2947 01:56:09,774 --> 01:56:12,410 SUKI DICEY, FOR STUDYING 2948 01:56:12,410 --> 01:56:13,011 BILINGUALISM IN OLDER ADULTS 2949 01:56:13,011 --> 01:56:15,613 AND WHETHER OR NOT THIS MAY 2950 01:56:15,613 --> 01:56:17,549 CONTRIBUTE TO RESILIENCE. 2951 01:56:17,549 --> 01:56:19,517 AT ANY RATE, I HAVE BEEN AWARE 2952 01:56:19,517 --> 01:56:23,655 OF SOME OF THE ISSUES AND FACED 2953 01:56:23,655 --> 01:56:25,357 BY THIS. 2954 01:56:25,357 --> 01:56:27,459 I'M ASSUMING YOUR GROUP STILL 2955 01:56:27,459 --> 01:56:30,095 IS INTERESTED IN USING THE NIH 2956 01:56:30,095 --> 01:56:31,062 TOOLBOX OR VERY SIMILAR 2957 01:56:31,062 --> 01:56:32,697 MEASURES? 2958 01:56:32,697 --> 01:56:36,768 BRUNO, I WONDERED IF YOU MIGHT 2959 01:56:36,768 --> 01:56:38,870 SPEAK TO, YOU KNOW, HOW YOU 2960 01:56:38,870 --> 01:56:41,406 APPROACH THIS IN TERMS OF 2961 01:56:41,406 --> 01:56:44,008 DEVELOPING OR MODIFYING, 2962 01:56:44,008 --> 01:56:46,244 ADAPTING THE NIH TOOLBOX TO USE 2963 01:56:46,244 --> 01:56:47,178 IN UGANDA. 2964 01:56:47,178 --> 01:56:48,980 I KNOW YOU SAID YOU TALKED WITH 2965 01:56:48,980 --> 01:56:50,915 THE STAFF MANY, MANY TIMES AND 2966 01:56:50,915 --> 01:56:51,716 THEY WERE VERY HELPFUL. 2967 01:56:51,716 --> 01:56:54,452 >> BRUNO GIORDANI: THEY WERE 2968 01:56:54,452 --> 01:56:57,989 HELPFUL BUT TIRED OF BRUNO. 2969 01:56:57,989 --> 01:56:59,891 >> MODERATOR: I DON'T THINK 2970 01:56:59,891 --> 01:57:01,192 THEY WOULD GET TIRED OF YOU. 2971 01:57:01,192 --> 01:57:03,528 >> BRUNO GIORDANI: I THINK 2972 01:57:03,528 --> 01:57:06,297 THAT'S A GOOD POINT, UGANDA, 2973 01:57:06,297 --> 01:57:08,199 NATIVE AMERICAN POPULATION IN 2974 01:57:08,199 --> 01:57:11,102 THE U.S., IT'S OUR EVEN AFRICAN 2975 01:57:11,102 --> 01:57:14,672 AMERICAN INDIVIDUALS IN DETROIT. 2976 01:57:14,672 --> 01:57:15,607 EACH CULTURAL ADAPTATION HAS TO 2977 01:57:15,607 --> 01:57:16,574 BE CONSIDERED. 2978 01:57:16,574 --> 01:57:20,011 SO YOU KNOW, I THINK THAT WHAT 2979 01:57:20,011 --> 01:57:22,280 WAS DONE IN KENYA WAS TRULY 2980 01:57:22,280 --> 01:57:23,848 MARVELOUS. 2981 01:57:23,848 --> 01:57:26,184 TOOK A GOOD WHILE. 2982 01:57:26,184 --> 01:57:28,486 IS EXPENSIVE AND IN THE END IT 2983 01:57:28,486 --> 01:57:30,221 ALWAYS COMES DOWN TO THE 2984 01:57:30,221 --> 01:57:32,657 ARGUMENT OF WILL WE ADAPT OUR 2985 01:57:32,657 --> 01:57:33,858 OWN TEST WITH THIS ENVIRONMENT 2986 01:57:33,858 --> 01:57:35,093 AND DEVELOP IT? 2987 01:57:35,093 --> 01:57:36,528 OR WILL WE REALLY START? 2988 01:57:36,528 --> 01:57:38,797 WE SEE THE SAME THING WITH 2989 01:57:38,797 --> 01:57:40,498 ABORIGINAL KIDS IN AUSTRALIA. 2990 01:57:40,498 --> 01:57:42,934 THOSE RAISED WITHIN THE WESTERN 2991 01:57:42,934 --> 01:57:45,303 SIDE, THOSE RAISED ABORIGINALLY. 2992 01:57:45,303 --> 01:57:46,171 IT'S ALWAYS HARD TO FIND THAT 2993 01:57:46,171 --> 01:57:47,338 EVEN MATCH. 2994 01:57:47,338 --> 01:57:50,575 WHAT WE FOUND IN UGANDA WE 2995 01:57:50,575 --> 01:57:52,977 CLEARLY COULD SEE LIST SORTING 2996 01:57:52,977 --> 01:57:53,745 WORKING MEMORY JUST WASN'T 2997 01:57:53,745 --> 01:57:55,447 GOING TO WORK. 2998 01:57:55,447 --> 01:57:57,248 IT'S INTERESTING THAT IN ZAMBIA 2999 01:57:57,248 --> 01:57:59,584 THEY GAVE UP ON PICTURE 3000 01:57:59,584 --> 01:58:01,386 SEQUENCE MEMORY THAT WE REALLY 3001 01:58:01,386 --> 01:58:04,222 HAD NO PROBLEM WITH IN OUR 3002 01:58:04,222 --> 01:58:05,723 PARTICIPANTS DID AMAZINGLY WELL 3003 01:58:05,723 --> 01:58:08,226 AT THAT ASK. 3004 01:58:08,226 --> 01:58:09,794 WHICH I WOULD CONSIDER SORT OF 3005 01:58:09,794 --> 01:58:12,464 THE HARDEST AT THE GROUP. 3006 01:58:12,464 --> 01:58:13,798 YET COMPARISON DID HAVE A TIME 3007 01:58:13,798 --> 01:58:15,700 EFFECT TO IT. 3008 01:58:15,700 --> 01:58:19,270 YOU HAD TO GO AS QUICKLY AS 3009 01:58:19,270 --> 01:58:21,473 POSSIBLE AND TEND TO FIND 3010 01:58:21,473 --> 01:58:22,807 DETAILS JUST WASN'T AS MUCH OF 3011 01:58:22,807 --> 01:58:23,641 A STRONG INTEREST IN THE 3012 01:58:23,641 --> 01:58:24,509 POPULATION. 3013 01:58:24,509 --> 01:58:28,146 SO YOU HAVE TO CONSIDER THAT 3014 01:58:28,146 --> 01:58:29,881 CENTURIES AGO WE LOOKED AT, I 3015 01:58:29,881 --> 01:58:33,318 THINK OF MYSELF IN CENTURIES 3016 01:58:33,318 --> 01:58:38,523 BUT WE LOOKED AT, YOU KNOW, 3017 01:58:38,523 --> 01:58:39,257 HUNTINGTON'S PATIENTS, AND 3018 01:58:39,257 --> 01:58:39,891 HUNTINGTON'S AT RISK IN SOUTH 3019 01:58:39,891 --> 01:58:41,693 AMERICA. 3020 01:58:41,693 --> 01:58:43,728 WE COULDN'T GET PEOPLE TO TAP 3021 01:58:43,728 --> 01:58:45,096 THEIR FINGER ON A FINGER BOARD 3022 01:58:45,096 --> 01:58:46,231 QUICKLY. 3023 01:58:46,231 --> 01:58:48,700 YOU REALLY HAVE TO LOOK AT EACH 3024 01:58:48,700 --> 01:58:50,068 CULTURE. 3025 01:58:50,068 --> 01:58:51,569 I REALLY WOULD TELL YOU, YOU 3026 01:58:51,569 --> 01:58:53,238 HAVE TO LOOK AT EACH OF THESE 3027 01:58:53,238 --> 01:58:54,005 MEASURES. 3028 01:58:54,005 --> 01:58:56,708 YOU NEED TO CONSIDER HOW TO 3029 01:58:56,708 --> 01:58:57,976 ADAPT OR CHANGE INSTRUCTIONS. 3030 01:58:57,976 --> 01:59:00,778 HOW TO REALLY POTENTIALLY EVEN 3031 01:59:00,778 --> 01:59:05,717 USE THEM IN LOCAL LANGUAGE 3032 01:59:05,717 --> 01:59:07,118 RATHER THAN IN ENGLISH. 3033 01:59:07,118 --> 01:59:08,386 I MEAN, THAT BECOMES A BIG 3034 01:59:08,386 --> 01:59:10,188 ISSUE. 3035 01:59:10,188 --> 01:59:12,190 AND IT'S ALL WHO APPROACHES 3036 01:59:12,190 --> 01:59:12,891 PERSON TOO, THAT MAKES A 3037 01:59:12,891 --> 01:59:15,126 DIFFERENCE. 3038 01:59:15,126 --> 01:59:18,963 SO IT'S A CHALLENGE. 3039 01:59:18,963 --> 01:59:20,265 >> CERTAINLY, WE JUST WANT TO 3040 01:59:20,265 --> 01:59:21,466 SAY THANK YOU FOR THAT. 3041 01:59:21,466 --> 01:59:23,701 WE THINK YOU HAVE DEFINITELY 3042 01:59:23,701 --> 01:59:26,638 LAID A GROUNDWORK OF HOW TO 3043 01:59:26,638 --> 01:59:28,773 APPROACH INDIVIDUALS WITH 3044 01:59:28,773 --> 01:59:30,575 DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS. RIGHT. 3045 01:59:30,575 --> 01:59:32,377 TO REALLY INTEGRATE THE 3046 01:59:32,377 --> 01:59:33,711 TOOLBOX, I THINK THAT'S WHERE 3047 01:59:33,711 --> 01:59:35,847 WE ARE KIND OF STARTING WITHIN 3048 01:59:35,847 --> 01:59:40,451 OUR OWN STUDY, IS REALLY MAKING 3049 01:59:40,451 --> 01:59:42,353 SURE THAT THOSE 3050 01:59:42,353 --> 01:59:45,924 COMMUNITY-FACING STAFF ARE 3051 01:59:45,924 --> 01:59:47,325 RECORDING THOSE PARTICIPANTS' 3052 01:59:47,325 --> 01:59:48,660 INITIAL REACTIONS TO THE 3053 01:59:48,660 --> 01:59:48,893 TOOLBOX. 3054 01:59:48,893 --> 01:59:50,461 THIS IS THEIR FIRST TIME 3055 01:59:50,461 --> 01:59:51,896 INTERFACING WITH THE TOOLBOX. 3056 01:59:51,896 --> 01:59:53,464 AND I THINK JUST LIKE YOU SAID, 3057 01:59:53,464 --> 01:59:55,133 RIGHT? 3058 01:59:55,133 --> 01:59:55,934 JUST MAKING SURE EVERY 3059 01:59:55,934 --> 01:59:57,535 INDIVIDUAL IS DIFFERENT. 3060 01:59:57,535 --> 01:59:58,670 EVERY COMMUNITY IS DIFFERENT 3061 01:59:58,670 --> 02:00:00,171 AND WHAT THEY MIGHT BE FAMILIAR 3062 02:00:00,171 --> 02:00:03,007 WITH AND NOT FAMILIAR WITH. 3063 02:00:03,007 --> 02:00:04,809 SO REALLY VALIDATING THEIR 3064 02:00:04,809 --> 02:00:06,678 CONCERNS BY YOU KNOW, CAPTURING 3065 02:00:06,678 --> 02:00:07,946 THOSE NOTES. 3066 02:00:07,946 --> 02:00:11,683 AND WE WILL BE THE FIRST TO 3067 02:00:11,683 --> 02:00:14,218 SAY, MYSELF AND KYRA THAT THE 3068 02:00:14,218 --> 02:00:16,721 STAFF ARE SUCH GREAT ADVOCATE, 3069 02:00:16,721 --> 02:00:19,390 I THINK, FOR THE COMMUNITY, IN 3070 02:00:19,390 --> 02:00:20,758 SAYING, EVEN DURING THE 3071 02:00:20,758 --> 02:00:21,993 TRAININGS, LIKE SAYING THIS IS 3072 02:00:21,993 --> 02:00:23,928 WHAT'S GOING TO WORK WITH OUR 3073 02:00:23,928 --> 02:00:25,096 COMMUNITY, THIS IS WHAT'S NOT 3074 02:00:25,096 --> 02:00:26,431 GOING TO WORK. 3075 02:00:26,431 --> 02:00:28,466 AND YOU KNOW, SAYING THAT'S 3076 02:00:28,466 --> 02:00:29,367 REALLY IMPORTANT FEEDBACK, WE 3077 02:00:29,367 --> 02:00:31,436 NEED TO MAKE SURE WE ARE 3078 02:00:31,436 --> 02:00:33,938 CAPTURING THESE NOTES. 3079 02:00:33,938 --> 02:00:34,973 BECAUSE THIS HAS NOT BEEN DONE 3080 02:00:34,973 --> 02:00:37,342 BEFORE. 3081 02:00:37,342 --> 02:00:38,943 IT GROUNDS US ALL IN MAKING 3082 02:00:38,943 --> 02:00:40,078 SURE THE COMMUNITY AT THE END 3083 02:00:40,078 --> 02:00:43,915 OF THE DAY IS AN ACTIVE 3084 02:00:43,915 --> 02:00:44,782 PARTICIPANT [OFF MIC] IS REALLY 3085 02:00:44,782 --> 02:00:45,450 IMPORTANT. 3086 02:00:45,450 --> 02:00:49,087 SO THANK YOU FOR THAT 3087 02:00:49,087 --> 02:00:49,988 PERSPECTIVE. 3088 02:00:49,988 --> 02:00:50,788 >> MODERATOR: A QUICK COMMENT? 3089 02:00:50,788 --> 02:00:51,956 YES. 3090 02:00:51,956 --> 02:00:55,526 WE ARE RUNNING OVER TIME. 3091 02:00:55,526 --> 02:00:57,261 >> AMARA EZEAMAMA: SHOWED DATA 3092 02:00:57,261 --> 02:00:58,596 IN THE COMMENT FIELD, WE ALSO 3093 02:00:58,596 --> 02:00:59,597 HAVE THE COMMENT FIELDS IN OUR 3094 02:00:59,597 --> 02:01:00,598 PROJECT. 3095 02:01:00,598 --> 02:01:02,433 IT STRUCK ME AS INTERESTING 3096 02:01:02,433 --> 02:01:04,636 WHEN SOMEONE SAID WELL I CAN'T 3097 02:01:04,636 --> 02:01:06,137 SEE, SO READING BACK WAS NOT 3098 02:01:06,137 --> 02:01:08,740 POSSIBLE FOR THEM TO DO. 3099 02:01:08,740 --> 02:01:09,641 NOT ALL THESE TESTS COULD BE 3100 02:01:09,641 --> 02:01:10,375 DONE. 3101 02:01:10,375 --> 02:01:12,810 BUT THE KIND OF COMMENTS I SAW, 3102 02:01:12,810 --> 02:01:14,412 LOOKING THROUGH, I'M SORRY WE 3103 02:01:14,412 --> 02:01:15,013 DIDN'T PRESENT THAT 3104 02:01:15,013 --> 02:01:22,186 INFORMATION, BUT IT WAS MORE 3105 02:01:22,186 --> 02:01:23,221 LIKE LIMITATIONS, THEY COULDN'T 3106 02:01:23,221 --> 02:01:25,123 TAP, OR SOME PEOPLE WHO 3107 02:01:25,123 --> 02:01:26,557 COULDN'T DO THOSE TESTS. 3108 02:01:26,557 --> 02:01:27,959 SO IF YOU NOTICE THE NUMBERS 3109 02:01:27,959 --> 02:01:29,193 CHANGED A LITTLE BIT. 3110 02:01:29,193 --> 02:01:30,995 BUT I THOUGHT, YOU ANALYZED IT 3111 02:01:30,995 --> 02:01:35,133 IN A WAY YOU COULD GET IT. 3112 02:01:35,133 --> 02:01:36,534 >> MODERATOR: ALL RIGHT, THANK 3113 02:01:36,534 --> 02:01:36,701 YOU. 3114 02:01:36,701 --> 02:01:38,036 THANKS AGAIN TO THE SPEAKERS. 3115 02:01:38,036 --> 02:01:40,505 WE ARE NOW GOING TO BE ON BREAK 3116 02:01:40,505 --> 02:01:41,706 FOR A HALF HOUR. 3117 02:01:41,706 --> 02:01:45,043 JUST TO LET YOU KNOW THAT THE 3118 02:01:45,043 --> 02:01:47,445 POSTER SESSION AND "ASK THE 3119 02:01:47,445 --> 02:01:49,047 EXPERT" SESSIONS WILL BEGIN AT 3120 02:01:49,047 --> 02:01:50,682 3:45 IN THE ATRIUM. 3121 02:01:50,682 --> 02:01:52,183 THIS IS THE LEVEL WE ARE ON. 3122 02:01:52,183 --> 02:01:54,185 WHEN YOU EXIT YOU WILL BE OUT 3123 02:01:54,185 --> 02:01:55,420 THERE WITH THE POSTERS. AND 3124 02:01:55,420 --> 02:01:57,822 THANK YOU FOR THOSE WHO ARE 3125 02:01:57,822 --> 02:01:58,956 ONLINE FOR ATTENDING. 3126 02:01:58,956 --> 02:02:01,492 WE REALLY APPRECIATE IT. 3127 02:02:01,492 --> 02:02:03,695 AND THE CONFERENCE VIDEOCAST 3128 02:02:03,695 --> 02:02:04,162 WILL RESUME TOMORROW. 3129 02:02:04,162 --> 02:02:09,734 THANK YOU.