1 00:00:05,069 --> 00:00:07,104 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US FOR 2 00:00:07,104 --> 00:00:09,574 TRIBAL HEALTH RESEARCH OFFICE 3 00:00:09,574 --> 00:00:11,008 AND CONSIDERATIONS WHEN 4 00:00:11,008 --> 00:00:13,744 CONDUCTING RESEARCH INVOLVING 5 00:00:13,744 --> 00:00:14,412 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES. 6 00:00:14,412 --> 00:00:23,120 OUR SPEAKER IS DR. KA KARINA 7 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:25,056 WALTERS, A MEMBER OF THE CHOCTAW 8 00:00:25,056 --> 00:00:26,224 NATION OF OKLAHOMA. 9 00:00:26,224 --> 00:00:29,327 IN THIS ROLE AT THRO, SHE WORKS 10 00:00:29,327 --> 00:00:32,463 TO ADVANCE INITIATIVES TO ENSURE 11 00:00:32,463 --> 00:00:36,100 TRIBALLY INFORMED BIOMEDICAL AND 12 00:00:36,100 --> 00:00:37,235 BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH ENHANCES NIH 13 00:00:37,235 --> 00:00:42,540 TRIBAL CONSULTATION AND 14 00:00:42,540 --> 00:00:43,441 ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS, AND 15 00:00:43,441 --> 00:00:45,243 COORDINATE AMERICAN INDIAN AND 16 00:00:45,243 --> 00:00:46,744 RESEARCH-RELATED ACTIVITY ACROSS 17 00:00:46,744 --> 00:00:48,546 NIH AND WITH FEDERAL ENTITIES. 18 00:00:48,546 --> 00:00:52,883 DR. WALTERS HAS MORE THAN 28 19 00:00:52,883 --> 00:01:02,093 YEARS OF AI/AN EXPERIENCE IN 20 00:01:02,093 --> 00:01:03,261 RESEARCH, CONDUCTED SOCIAL, 21 00:01:03,261 --> 00:01:05,363 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON 22 00:01:05,363 --> 00:01:06,230 ENVIRONMENTAL, HISTORICAL, 23 00:01:06,230 --> 00:01:07,865 SOCIAL, CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF 24 00:01:07,865 --> 00:01:10,268 HEALTH AND HEALTH EQUITY, IN 25 00:01:10,268 --> 00:01:18,542 AI/AN COMMUNITIES AS WELL AS 26 00:01:18,542 --> 00:01:19,410 DESIGNED AND INTERVENTIONS. 27 00:01:19,410 --> 00:01:21,879 PRIOR TO NIH WAS A TENURED 28 00:01:21,879 --> 00:01:25,049 PROFESSOR AND KATHERINE HALL 29 00:01:25,049 --> 00:01:25,683 CHAMBERS SCHOLAR UNIVERSITY OF 30 00:01:25,683 --> 00:01:28,352 WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF SOCIAL 31 00:01:28,352 --> 00:01:29,754 WORK, SERVED AS AN ADJUNCT 32 00:01:29,754 --> 00:01:30,421 PROFESSOR IN DEPARTMENT OF 33 00:01:30,421 --> 00:01:31,956 GLOBAL HEALTH AND SCHOOL OF 34 00:01:31,956 --> 00:01:33,858 PUBLIC HEALTH, AND IS FOUNDING 35 00:01:33,858 --> 00:01:36,994 DIRECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF 36 00:01:36,994 --> 00:01:40,197 WASHINGTON INDIGENOUS WELLNESS 37 00:01:40,197 --> 00:01:40,698 RESEARCH INSTITUTE. 38 00:01:40,698 --> 00:01:42,533 FROM 2012 TO 2019 SHE WAS 39 00:01:42,533 --> 00:01:44,568 ASSOCIATE DEAN FOR RESEARCH AT 40 00:01:44,568 --> 00:01:46,937 UW SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK, DR. 41 00:01:46,937 --> 00:01:48,572 WALTERS IS THE FIRST AMERICAN 42 00:01:48,572 --> 00:01:50,474 INDIAN FELLOW INDUCTED INTO THE 43 00:01:50,474 --> 00:01:52,310 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF SOCIAL 44 00:01:52,310 --> 00:01:55,379 WELFARE AND SOCIAL WORK. 45 00:01:55,379 --> 00:01:58,649 SHE EARNED A BACHELOR'S DEGREE 46 00:01:58,649 --> 00:02:01,886 FROM UCLA AND MSW AND Ph.D. IN 47 00:02:01,886 --> 00:02:04,522 SOCIAL WELFARE ALSO FROM UCLA. 48 00:02:04,522 --> 00:02:05,690 TODAY'S PRESENTATION WILL BE 49 00:02:05,690 --> 00:02:07,191 ARCHIVED IN THE PAST EVENTS 50 00:02:07,191 --> 00:02:09,427 SECTION OF THE NIH VIDEOCAST 51 00:02:09,427 --> 00:02:10,394 SITE. 52 00:02:10,394 --> 00:02:13,297 A LINK TO THAT VIDEOCAST AS WELL 53 00:02:13,297 --> 00:02:15,166 AS SLIDES FROM THIS SESSION WILL 54 00:02:15,166 --> 00:02:22,473 ALSO BE POSTED ON THE OHSRP 55 00:02:22,473 --> 00:02:23,774 WEBSITE IN THE ARCHIVE SECTION 56 00:02:23,774 --> 00:02:26,010 OF THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING 57 00:02:26,010 --> 00:02:26,644 WEB PAGE. 58 00:02:26,644 --> 00:02:30,047 THROUGHOUT THIS SESSION WE 59 00:02:30,047 --> 00:02:32,149 ENCOURAGE VIEWERS TO SUBMIT 60 00:02:32,149 --> 00:02:34,552 QUESTIONS BY CLICKING ON THE 61 00:02:34,552 --> 00:02:36,487 LIVE FEEDBACK LINK. 62 00:02:36,487 --> 00:02:37,388 DR. WALTERS WILL ADDRESS THESE 63 00:02:37,388 --> 00:02:38,923 IN Q&A AFTER THE PRESENTATION. 64 00:02:38,923 --> 00:02:43,027 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. 65 00:02:43,027 --> 00:02:43,761 PLEASE GET STARTED. 66 00:02:43,761 --> 00:02:53,471 >> THANKS, I APPRECIATE THAT 67 00:02:53,471 --> 00:02:53,804 INTRODUCTION. 68 00:02:53,804 --> 00:02:55,039 [ PARENTHESES SPEAKING NATIVE 69 00:02:55,039 --> 00:02:57,174 LANGUAGE ]. 70 00:02:57,174 --> 00:02:59,810 >> GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYBODY. 71 00:02:59,810 --> 00:03:01,445 I'M KARINA WALTERS, I INTRODUCED 72 00:03:01,445 --> 00:03:03,013 MYSELF IN CHOCTAW, AN ENROLLED 73 00:03:03,013 --> 00:03:05,416 CITIZEN OF THE CHOCTAW NATION OF 74 00:03:05,416 --> 00:03:08,052 OKLAHOMA, I JUST PAID MY 75 00:03:08,052 --> 00:03:10,454 RESPECTS TO THE PISCATAWAY CONOY 76 00:03:10,454 --> 00:03:12,723 PEOPLES OF THIS LAND, THAT WE'RE 77 00:03:12,723 --> 00:03:15,025 ON AT THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF 78 00:03:15,025 --> 00:03:15,359 HEALTH. 79 00:03:15,359 --> 00:03:17,328 AND I'M EXCITED TO SHARE WITH 80 00:03:17,328 --> 00:03:20,064 YOU SOME WORK THAT I'VE BEEN 81 00:03:20,064 --> 00:03:22,133 DOING IN THE PAST BUT ALSO IN MY 82 00:03:22,133 --> 00:03:24,001 ROLE AS DIRECTOR OF THE TRIBAL 83 00:03:24,001 --> 00:03:30,541 HEALTH RESEARCH OFFICE HERE AT 84 00:03:30,541 --> 00:03:31,242 THE NIH. 85 00:03:31,242 --> 00:03:33,144 I'M GOING TO SHARE MY SCREEN AND 86 00:03:33,144 --> 00:03:36,547 HOPEFULLY THAT WILL BE 87 00:03:36,547 --> 00:03:43,487 SUCCESSFUL. 88 00:03:43,487 --> 00:03:44,388 HERE WE GO. 89 00:03:44,388 --> 00:03:44,822 >> LOOKS GOOD. 90 00:03:44,822 --> 00:03:46,223 >> I'M STARTING WITH THE FIRST 91 00:03:46,223 --> 00:03:56,467 SLIDE TOET IS THE -- THE FIRST 92 00:03:56,467 --> 00:03:58,002 SLIDE THINKING ABOUT WATER. 93 00:03:58,002 --> 00:03:59,537 WHEN WATER IS -- MOST OF OUR 94 00:03:59,537 --> 00:04:00,538 PLANET IS MADE OF IT. 95 00:04:00,538 --> 00:04:05,776 MOST OF OUR BODIES ARE MADE OF 96 00:04:05,776 --> 00:04:05,976 WATER. 97 00:04:05,976 --> 00:04:08,045 WE'RE LITERALLY BIRTHED FROM OUR 98 00:04:08,045 --> 00:04:08,479 MOTHER'S WATERS. 99 00:04:08,479 --> 00:04:09,747 AND NATIVE COMMUNITIES WE TALK 100 00:04:09,747 --> 00:04:12,082 ABOUT WATER AS LIFE, WATER AS 101 00:04:12,082 --> 00:04:12,783 MEDICINE. 102 00:04:12,783 --> 00:04:15,619 IN PART BECAUSE OF ALL OF THESE 103 00:04:15,619 --> 00:04:18,122 ISSUES AND CONNECTIONS TO WATER. 104 00:04:18,122 --> 00:04:19,023 WHAT DOES WATER NORMALLY DO, IT 105 00:04:19,023 --> 00:04:21,559 GOES UP TO THE HEAVENS TO RETURN 106 00:04:21,559 --> 00:04:23,027 BACK DOWN AGAIN. 107 00:04:23,027 --> 00:04:23,928 SO THERE'S THAT CYCLICAL PROCESS 108 00:04:23,928 --> 00:04:25,563 OF THE WATER GOING TO THE 109 00:04:25,563 --> 00:04:27,898 HEAVENS AND COMING BACK DOWN. 110 00:04:27,898 --> 00:04:30,634 AND SO I'D LIKE YOU TO THINK AS 111 00:04:30,634 --> 00:04:33,404 I TALK ABOUT KIND OF SOME OF THE 112 00:04:33,404 --> 00:04:35,005 STRUGGLES WE'VE HAD WITH 113 00:04:35,005 --> 00:04:36,540 INDIGENOUS HEALTH AND HEALTH 114 00:04:36,540 --> 00:04:37,741 DISPARITIES AND INEQUITIES AND 115 00:04:37,741 --> 00:04:38,742 SOLUTIONS WE'RE SEEKING. 116 00:04:38,742 --> 00:04:41,479 I WANT YOU TO THINK ABOUT WATER 117 00:04:41,479 --> 00:04:42,580 BECAUSE FROM A NATIVE 118 00:04:42,580 --> 00:04:45,182 PERSPECTIVE IF I TAKE A SIP OF 119 00:04:45,182 --> 00:04:48,552 WATER TODAY, AND THIS COMES FROM 120 00:04:48,552 --> 00:04:50,821 DR. RASCO WHO SHARED THIS STORY 121 00:04:50,821 --> 00:04:51,755 AND IT STUCK WITH ME. 122 00:04:51,755 --> 00:04:55,593 IF YOU TAKE A SIP OF THAT WATER, 123 00:04:55,593 --> 00:04:57,528 YOU'RE ACTUALLY -- YOUR LIPS ARE 124 00:04:57,528 --> 00:05:00,531 TOUCHING THE SAME WATER YOUR 125 00:05:00,531 --> 00:05:01,765 ANCESTORS' LIPS TOUCHED, IN THAT 126 00:05:01,765 --> 00:05:04,668 MOMENT YOU AND THEY ARE 127 00:05:04,668 --> 00:05:04,969 CONNECTING. 128 00:05:04,969 --> 00:05:07,137 AND SO JUST AS WE ARE CONNECTED 129 00:05:07,137 --> 00:05:09,773 TO OUR ANCESTORS THROUGH WATER, 130 00:05:09,773 --> 00:05:12,176 SO TOO ARE OUR BODIES AND OUR 131 00:05:12,176 --> 00:05:14,945 EXPERIENCES CONNECTED TO WHAT 132 00:05:14,945 --> 00:05:15,980 OUR ANCESTORS HAVE GONE THROUGH. 133 00:05:15,980 --> 00:05:20,217 I WANT US TO THINK ABOUT THAT 134 00:05:20,217 --> 00:05:20,885 TODAY, THAT THAT 135 00:05:20,885 --> 00:05:21,552 INTERCONNECTEDNESS ACROSS SPACE 136 00:05:21,552 --> 00:05:24,088 AND TIME AND HOW THAT PLAYS A 137 00:05:24,088 --> 00:05:26,090 ROLE FOR INDIGENOUS HEALTH AND 138 00:05:26,090 --> 00:05:27,024 BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT FOR 139 00:05:27,024 --> 00:05:27,625 UNDERSTANDING HEALTH. 140 00:05:27,625 --> 00:05:29,960 THE OTHER ISSUE I WANT YOU TO 141 00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:31,962 THINK ABOUT IS, YOU KNOW, WE'RE 142 00:05:31,962 --> 00:05:32,596 NOT LIVING THE HEALTH REALITY 143 00:05:32,596 --> 00:05:34,698 THAT WAS DREAMED FOR US BY OUR 144 00:05:34,698 --> 00:05:35,666 ANCESTORS RIGHT NOW. 145 00:05:35,666 --> 00:05:36,534 I'M GOING TO TALK MORE ABOUT 146 00:05:36,534 --> 00:05:37,434 THAT IN A MINUTE. 147 00:05:37,434 --> 00:05:41,805 I DON'T WANT US TO GET INTO A 148 00:05:41,805 --> 00:05:42,573 NEGATIVE HEADSET ABOUT THAT. 149 00:05:42,573 --> 00:05:44,975 I'D RATHER YOU THINK ABOUT OUR 150 00:05:44,975 --> 00:05:48,812 HEALTH IN TERMS OF POWER, LOVE, 151 00:05:48,812 --> 00:05:49,280 AND VISION. 152 00:05:49,280 --> 00:05:50,347 AND FOR EXAMPLE, IN THIS MOMENT 153 00:05:50,347 --> 00:05:52,449 IF I TAKE CARE OF MY HEALTH AND 154 00:05:52,449 --> 00:05:55,986 I TAKE ACTION FOR MY HEALTH, I'M 155 00:05:55,986 --> 00:05:59,023 NOT ONLY IMPACTING MYSELF OR MY 156 00:05:59,023 --> 00:06:00,524 FAMILY OR EVEN MY COMMUNITY, I'M 157 00:06:00,524 --> 00:06:01,792 HAVING OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE 158 00:06:01,792 --> 00:06:04,361 CORRECTIVE ACTION FOR THE NEXT 159 00:06:04,361 --> 00:06:05,095 SEVEN GENERATIONS, THAT THAT 160 00:06:05,095 --> 00:06:06,664 ACTION HAS THAT KIND OF RIPPLE 161 00:06:06,664 --> 00:06:08,432 EFFECT IN THE HERE AND NOW. 162 00:06:08,432 --> 00:06:10,401 IF I TAKE ACTION RIGHT NOW, FOR 163 00:06:10,401 --> 00:06:13,370 MY HEALTH, I ALSO HAVE AN 164 00:06:13,370 --> 00:06:15,005 OPPORTUNITY TO CORRECT HEALTH 165 00:06:15,005 --> 00:06:16,974 ISSUES I MIGHT STILL BE 166 00:06:16,974 --> 00:06:19,009 EMBODYING THAT CAME THROUGH FROM 167 00:06:19,009 --> 00:06:20,578 MY ANCESTORS AND GENERATIONS 168 00:06:20,578 --> 00:06:20,811 BEFORE. 169 00:06:20,811 --> 00:06:22,313 SO, WHEN I TALK ABOUT HEALTH 170 00:06:22,313 --> 00:06:23,647 DISAPPEAR AND HEALTH INEQUITIES 171 00:06:23,647 --> 00:06:25,182 AND SOME STRUGGLES WE'RE HAVING, 172 00:06:25,182 --> 00:06:27,017 I'M ACTUALLY NOT TALKING ABOUT A 173 00:06:27,017 --> 00:06:30,988 PLACE OF DISEMPOWERMENT, I'M 174 00:06:30,988 --> 00:06:32,623 TALKING ABOUT A PLACE OF POWER. 175 00:06:32,623 --> 00:06:34,692 IF YOU TAKE ACTION NOW YOU CAN 176 00:06:34,692 --> 00:06:36,527 IMPACT YOURSELF AND SEVEN 177 00:06:36,527 --> 00:06:39,296 GENERATIONS FORWARD, SEVEN 178 00:06:39,296 --> 00:06:40,497 GENERATIONS BEHIND, AND THAT IS 179 00:06:40,497 --> 00:06:42,533 SOMETHING I WANT US TO THINK 180 00:06:42,533 --> 00:06:44,768 ABOUT TOO. 181 00:06:44,768 --> 00:06:47,004 IT'S VISION BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, 182 00:06:47,004 --> 00:06:50,708 THE CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA, 183 00:06:50,708 --> 00:06:53,877 THE SURVIVORS OF THE FIRST TRAIL 184 00:06:53,877 --> 00:06:55,012 OF TEARS, OUR TRIBE WAS THE 185 00:06:55,012 --> 00:06:57,881 FIRST TO BE REMOVED ON THE TRAIL 186 00:06:57,881 --> 00:06:58,148 OF TEARS. 187 00:06:58,148 --> 00:06:59,016 MY ANCESTORS WALKED THAT TRAIL 188 00:06:59,016 --> 00:07:01,218 WITH A VISION FOR OUR HEALTH AND 189 00:07:01,218 --> 00:07:02,052 WELL-BEING AND WE HAVE A 190 00:07:02,052 --> 00:07:02,686 RESPONSIBILITY TO CONNECT BACK 191 00:07:02,686 --> 00:07:04,054 IN THE HERE AND NOW. 192 00:07:04,054 --> 00:07:06,523 THEY WALKED THAT TRAIL WITH A 193 00:07:06,523 --> 00:07:08,626 VISION OF LOVE FOR US, AND, YOU 194 00:07:08,626 --> 00:07:10,427 KNOW, I WANT US TO THINK ABOUT, 195 00:07:10,427 --> 00:07:13,631 AGAIN, WHEN WE TALK ABOUT HEALTH 196 00:07:13,631 --> 00:07:14,665 INEQUITIES AND ISSUES THAT WE'RE 197 00:07:14,665 --> 00:07:16,100 DEALING WITH IN INDIAN COUNTRY 198 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:18,469 THAT WE NEED TO BE THINKING 199 00:07:18,469 --> 00:07:19,670 ABOUT THE INCREDIBLE POWER AND 200 00:07:19,670 --> 00:07:20,437 OPPORTUNITY WE HAVE. 201 00:07:20,437 --> 00:07:21,572 WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO ALSO 202 00:07:21,572 --> 00:07:23,307 CONNECT TO THE VISION THAT OUR 203 00:07:23,307 --> 00:07:25,175 ANCESTORS CARRIED FOR US, MOVING 204 00:07:25,175 --> 00:07:26,577 THAT VISION FORWARD BUT WE ALSO 205 00:07:26,577 --> 00:07:31,115 HAVE A PROFOUND SENSE OF 206 00:07:31,115 --> 00:07:32,216 ANCESTRAL LOVE STILL IMPACTS THE 207 00:07:32,216 --> 00:07:34,351 WORK WE'RE DO IN THE HERE AND 208 00:07:34,351 --> 00:07:34,518 NOW. 209 00:07:34,518 --> 00:07:38,989 I WANTS TO KEEP THAT FORWARD AND 210 00:07:38,989 --> 00:07:41,825 MORE FLUID THINKING AND 211 00:07:41,825 --> 00:07:44,395 FORETHOUGHT, IN THE FOREGROUND 212 00:07:44,395 --> 00:07:47,398 AS I TALK ABOUT ISSUES IN INDIAN 213 00:07:47,398 --> 00:07:48,232 COUNTRY. 214 00:07:48,232 --> 00:07:49,800 LET'S TALK ABOUT TRIBAL HEALTH 215 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:51,969 RESEARCH OFFICE. 216 00:07:51,969 --> 00:07:52,870 LET ME SEE. 217 00:07:52,870 --> 00:07:54,371 THERE WE GO. 218 00:07:54,371 --> 00:07:58,942 WE'RE ONE OF THE 16 OFFICES IN 219 00:07:58,942 --> 00:08:02,246 THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, AND 220 00:08:02,246 --> 00:08:02,813 DIVISION OF PROGRAM 221 00:08:02,813 --> 00:08:03,881 COORDINATION, PLANNING AND 222 00:08:03,881 --> 00:08:06,283 STRATEGIC INITIATIVES AT THE 223 00:08:06,283 --> 00:08:06,550 NIH. 224 00:08:06,550 --> 00:08:08,952 WE'RE LITERALLY SYNERGISTIC HUB 225 00:08:08,952 --> 00:08:16,126 FOR ALL AMERICAN INDIAN AND 226 00:08:16,126 --> 00:08:18,095 ALASKA NATIVE ACTIVITIES. 227 00:08:18,095 --> 00:08:18,996 WE LEAD, CONSULT, COORDINATE AND 228 00:08:18,996 --> 00:08:20,898 COLLABORATE NOT ONLY WITH NIH 229 00:08:20,898 --> 00:08:22,066 INSTITUTES AND CENTERS AND 230 00:08:22,066 --> 00:08:25,302 OFFICES, BUT WE'RE A 231 00:08:25,302 --> 00:08:27,971 FORWARD-FACING OFFICE WORKING 232 00:08:27,971 --> 00:08:29,707 DIRECTLY WITH TRIBAL HEALTH, 233 00:08:29,707 --> 00:08:31,175 TRIBAL COMMUNITIES, THE GOAL TO 234 00:08:31,175 --> 00:08:38,482 BUILD AND GENERATE NATIVE 235 00:08:38,482 --> 00:08:39,450 SCIENCE TO BUILD HEALTHY 236 00:08:39,450 --> 00:08:40,517 COMMUNITIES, ULTIMATE GOAL TO 237 00:08:40,517 --> 00:08:42,186 GROW INDIGENOUS HEALTH AND 238 00:08:42,186 --> 00:08:43,987 HEALTH EQUITY THROUGH CULTURALLY 239 00:08:43,987 --> 00:08:45,756 CREDIBLE AND MEANINGFUL 240 00:08:45,756 --> 00:08:46,290 INDIGENOUS-DRIVEN SCIENCE. 241 00:08:46,290 --> 00:08:50,994 IT IS OUR THEME FOR THE LAST 242 00:08:50,994 --> 00:08:52,162 YEAR, IT'S ABOUT INDIGENOUS 243 00:08:52,162 --> 00:08:53,063 KNOWLEDGES POWERING SCIENCE. 244 00:08:53,063 --> 00:08:56,300 YOU'LL SEE A LITTLE OF THAT 245 00:08:56,300 --> 00:08:56,500 TODAY. 246 00:08:56,500 --> 00:08:57,434 WE'VE ALSO DEVELOPED VALUES OUT 247 00:08:57,434 --> 00:08:59,002 OF THE TRIBAL HEALTH RESEARCH 248 00:08:59,002 --> 00:09:03,006 OFFICE THAT CENTERS THE WORK WE 249 00:09:03,006 --> 00:09:04,475 DO. 250 00:09:04,475 --> 00:09:06,543 AND IT'S WITH AN ACRONYM CDER. 251 00:09:06,543 --> 00:09:09,413 I'M NEW TO THE FEDERAL 252 00:09:09,413 --> 00:09:11,215 GOVERNMENT, CDER FOR MANY TRIBAL 253 00:09:11,215 --> 00:09:13,083 NATIONS IS A SACRED MEDICINE, 254 00:09:13,083 --> 00:09:17,621 CEDAR IS USED TO PURIFY OR 255 00:09:17,621 --> 00:09:18,822 CLEANSE OR DRAW IN ANCESTORS, 256 00:09:18,822 --> 00:09:22,626 FOR MANY TRIBES IT HAS DIFFERENT 257 00:09:22,626 --> 00:09:23,861 CULTURALLY SPECIFIC MEANINGS. 258 00:09:23,861 --> 00:09:24,928 FOR US IT WAS A GREAT 259 00:09:24,928 --> 00:09:26,730 REPRESENTATION OF SOME OF THE 260 00:09:26,730 --> 00:09:28,966 VALUES AND PRINCIPLES WE WANT TO 261 00:09:28,966 --> 00:09:32,936 UPOLD OUT OF OUR OFFICE. 262 00:09:32,936 --> 00:09:36,106 FIRST IS CREATIVITY, MOVING 263 00:09:36,106 --> 00:09:39,009 BEYOND APPROACH WHERE IS WE 264 00:09:39,009 --> 00:09:41,678 CENTER ON INDIGENOUS METHODS, 265 00:09:41,678 --> 00:09:42,579 SCIENCE DRIVE SUSTAINABLE 266 00:09:42,579 --> 00:09:44,114 POPULATION HEALTH CHANGE, AS HAS 267 00:09:44,114 --> 00:09:46,617 TO DO WITH, YOU KNOW, 268 00:09:46,617 --> 00:09:48,552 MAINTAINING HIGH STANDARDS OF 269 00:09:48,552 --> 00:09:49,586 PROFESSIONAL AND ETHICAL 270 00:09:49,586 --> 00:09:49,853 BEHAVIOR. 271 00:09:49,853 --> 00:09:52,422 WE'LL TALK ABOUT SOME OF THAT 272 00:09:52,422 --> 00:09:52,623 TODAY. 273 00:09:52,623 --> 00:09:58,996 AND REMAINING CULTURALLY 274 00:09:58,996 --> 00:10:01,198 RESPONSIVE AND REFLEXIVE. 275 00:10:01,198 --> 00:10:05,269 AND THAT HAS TO DO WITH 276 00:10:05,269 --> 00:10:05,969 RECOGNIZING TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY 277 00:10:05,969 --> 00:10:06,603 AND SELF-DETERMINATION, 278 00:10:06,603 --> 00:10:07,704 RESPECTING THAT, I'M GOING TO 279 00:10:07,704 --> 00:10:12,509 TALK MORE ABOUT THAT IN TERMS 280 00:10:12,509 --> 00:10:14,411 EVER ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES, 281 00:10:14,411 --> 00:10:17,648 AND ACCOUNTABILITY, WE HOLD 282 00:10:17,648 --> 00:10:25,355 OURSELVES FOR FOR TIMELINESS AD 283 00:10:25,355 --> 00:10:26,790 COMMITMENT, CRITICAL TO BUILDING 284 00:10:26,790 --> 00:10:27,491 SOLIDARITY AND STRENGTHENING 285 00:10:27,491 --> 00:10:30,928 PARTNERSHIPS ACROSS THE NIH AND 286 00:10:30,928 --> 00:10:34,231 TOGETHER WITH TRIBAL 287 00:10:34,231 --> 00:10:34,998 COMMUNITIES. 288 00:10:34,998 --> 00:10:36,466 OF COURSE, RESPECT AND 289 00:10:36,466 --> 00:10:37,034 RELATIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES, 290 00:10:37,034 --> 00:10:39,703 YOU'RE GETTING A SENSE FROM MY 291 00:10:39,703 --> 00:10:40,037 INTRODUCTION. 292 00:10:40,037 --> 00:10:42,172 WE RESPECT UNIQUE AND DIVERSE 293 00:10:42,172 --> 00:10:43,907 TALENTS, AND EXPERIENCES OF OUR 294 00:10:43,907 --> 00:10:46,176 TRIBAL COMMUNITIES AND OUR 295 00:10:46,176 --> 00:10:48,545 RESEARCH PARTNERS AND FULFILL 296 00:10:48,545 --> 00:10:50,981 RESPONSIBILITIES WITH 297 00:10:50,981 --> 00:10:52,649 COMPASSION, HUMILITY, DIGNITY, 298 00:10:52,649 --> 00:10:52,950 EQUANIMITY. 299 00:10:52,950 --> 00:10:55,385 THROUGHOUT OUR EFFORTS AT THE 300 00:10:55,385 --> 00:10:56,153 THRO OFFICE, PAST, PRESENT, 301 00:10:56,153 --> 00:10:59,022 FUTURE GENERATIONS ARE HONORED. 302 00:10:59,022 --> 00:11:00,624 WE'RE ATTENTIVE TO ANCESTRAL, 303 00:11:00,624 --> 00:11:01,124 CULTURAL, TRADITIONAL 304 00:11:01,124 --> 00:11:03,193 OBLIGATIONS, WE STRIVE TO BE A 305 00:11:03,193 --> 00:11:04,127 HELPFUL AND GOOD ANCESTOR IN ALL 306 00:11:04,127 --> 00:11:05,863 THAT WE DO. 307 00:11:05,863 --> 00:11:08,165 SO THINKING ACROSS SPACE AND 308 00:11:08,165 --> 00:11:18,141 TIME, EVEN OUR OWN ACTIONS AT 309 00:11:18,141 --> 00:11:20,210 THRO WE'RE OBLIGATED, BOTH PAST, 310 00:11:20,210 --> 00:11:22,346 PRESENT AND FUTURE IN THE WORK 311 00:11:22,346 --> 00:11:24,214 WE DO. 312 00:11:24,214 --> 00:11:29,486 WE SERVE 574 FEDERALLY 313 00:11:29,486 --> 00:11:29,920 RECOGNIZED NATIONS. 314 00:11:29,920 --> 00:11:32,656 229 ARE CURRENTLY IN ALASKA. 315 00:11:32,656 --> 00:11:34,992 THAT'S ABOUT 2.5% OF THE 316 00:11:34,992 --> 00:11:35,292 POPULATION. 317 00:11:35,292 --> 00:11:41,598 WE'RE PROJECTED TO GROW TO 318 00:11:41,598 --> 00:11:43,000 10.1 MILLION BY 2050. 319 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:45,402 SOME COMMUNITIES HAVE 90% OF THE 320 00:11:45,402 --> 00:11:47,004 POPULATION THAT FIRST LANGUAGE 321 00:11:47,004 --> 00:11:50,207 IS STILL THE TRIBAL LANGUAGE. 322 00:11:50,207 --> 00:11:51,441 AND WE ALSO ENGAGE NATIVE 323 00:11:51,441 --> 00:11:52,342 HAWAIIAN AND OTHER INDIGENOUS 324 00:11:52,342 --> 00:11:57,581 POPULATIONS OF U.S. TERRITORIES 325 00:11:57,581 --> 00:11:59,016 SUCH AS GUAM OR MARSHALL 326 00:11:59,016 --> 00:11:59,349 ISLANDS. 327 00:11:59,349 --> 00:12:02,986 THERE'S ALSO A REASON FOR THAT 328 00:12:02,986 --> 00:12:06,323 IN TERMS OF FEDERAL OBLIGATIONS. 329 00:12:06,323 --> 00:12:09,259 TO UNDERSTAND WHY AMERICAN 330 00:12:09,259 --> 00:12:12,896 INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVE AND 331 00:12:12,896 --> 00:12:14,097 NATURE HAWAIIANS, WE'RE 332 00:12:14,097 --> 00:12:14,865 MEMBERS -- TRIBAL GOVERNMENT ARE 333 00:12:14,865 --> 00:12:16,667 A UNIQUE MEMBER OF THE FAMILY OF 334 00:12:16,667 --> 00:12:18,035 AMERICAN GOVERNMENT. 335 00:12:18,035 --> 00:12:19,202 THAT MEANS THERE'S UNIQUE 336 00:12:19,202 --> 00:12:26,610 OBLIGATIONS WE HAVE TO AMERICAN 337 00:12:26,610 --> 00:12:28,378 INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES. 338 00:12:28,378 --> 00:12:32,282 THRO HAS A MANDATE TO SERVE ALL 339 00:12:32,282 --> 00:12:33,283 574 SOVEREIGN TRIBAL NATIONS, 340 00:12:33,283 --> 00:12:34,518 FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED TRIBES IN 341 00:12:34,518 --> 00:12:36,053 THIS COUNTRY. 342 00:12:36,053 --> 00:12:38,555 HUNDREDS OF TREATIES AND LAWS 343 00:12:38,555 --> 00:12:41,291 AND SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AS 344 00:12:41,291 --> 00:12:44,995 WELL AS CONGRESSIONAL DECISIONS 345 00:12:44,995 --> 00:12:46,563 AND PRESIDENTIAL DECISIONS HAVE 346 00:12:46,563 --> 00:12:49,399 AFFIRMED POWERS OF TRIBAL 347 00:12:49,399 --> 00:12:50,901 SELF-GOVERNMENT AND TRIBAL 348 00:12:50,901 --> 00:12:51,201 SOVEREIGNTY. 349 00:12:51,201 --> 00:12:53,437 SO, PART OF THAT AFFIRMATION OF 350 00:12:53,437 --> 00:12:57,207 TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY COMES WITH IT 351 00:12:57,207 --> 00:12:59,009 ALSO WHAT CALLED A FEDERAL 352 00:12:59,009 --> 00:13:00,544 INDIAN TRUST RESPONSIBILITY, 353 00:13:00,544 --> 00:13:02,879 LITERALLY A MORAL, LEGAL, AND 354 00:13:02,879 --> 00:13:03,547 ENFORCEABLE FIDUCIARY OBLIGATION 355 00:13:03,547 --> 00:13:06,350 ON THE PART OF THE UNITED STATES 356 00:13:06,350 --> 00:13:09,019 TO PROTECT TRIBAL TREATY RIGHTS, 357 00:13:09,019 --> 00:13:11,021 LANDS, ASSETS, AND RESOURCES, 358 00:13:11,021 --> 00:13:13,357 INCLUDING ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND 359 00:13:13,357 --> 00:13:14,691 HEALTH PROGRAMS NECESSARY TO 360 00:13:14,691 --> 00:13:18,362 RAISE STANDARD OF LIVING AND 361 00:13:18,362 --> 00:13:20,063 SOCIAL WELL-BEING. 362 00:13:20,063 --> 00:13:23,300 BASICALLY AMERICAN INDIAN AND 363 00:13:23,300 --> 00:13:30,507 ALASKA NATIVE TRIBES HAVE CEDED 364 00:13:30,507 --> 00:13:36,246 LANDS OR THEY WERE TAKEN NOT 365 00:13:36,246 --> 00:13:38,415 ALWAYS WITH PERMISSION, 366 00:13:38,415 --> 00:13:42,586 RECOGNITION OF OUR SOVEREIGNTY 367 00:13:42,586 --> 00:13:44,755 AND PERPETUITY WITH A MANDATE TO 368 00:13:44,755 --> 00:13:46,857 ENSURE ECONOMIC WELL-BEING AND 369 00:13:46,857 --> 00:13:49,159 SOCIAL AND HEALTH WELL-BEING OF 370 00:13:49,159 --> 00:13:50,227 OUR PEOPLE. 371 00:13:50,227 --> 00:13:53,330 CONGRESS REQUIRES ALSO THAT 372 00:13:53,330 --> 00:13:54,965 FEDERAL AGENCIES CONSULT WITH 373 00:13:54,965 --> 00:13:57,401 ORGANIZATIONS AS THE INFORMAL 374 00:13:57,401 --> 00:13:58,268 REPRESENTATIVES OF NATIVE 375 00:13:58,268 --> 00:14:00,570 HAWAIIAN COMMUNITIES BECAUSE 376 00:14:00,570 --> 00:14:01,905 THEY RECOGNIZE NATIVE HAWAIIANS 377 00:14:01,905 --> 00:14:03,306 AS INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, ALTHOUGH 378 00:14:03,306 --> 00:14:05,375 THEY DON'T HAVE THE SAME LEVEL 379 00:14:05,375 --> 00:14:06,610 OF FEDERAL TRUST RELATIONSHIP 380 00:14:06,610 --> 00:14:08,311 THAT AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA 381 00:14:08,311 --> 00:14:13,417 NATIVES DO BECAUSE OF TRIBAL 382 00:14:13,417 --> 00:14:14,251 MEMBERSHIP AND TREATIES. 383 00:14:14,251 --> 00:14:16,953 BUT I WANT TO REMIND FOLKS WHEN 384 00:14:16,953 --> 00:14:21,525 WE TALK ABOUT TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY 385 00:14:21,525 --> 00:14:22,993 AND HONORING TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY, 386 00:14:22,993 --> 00:14:24,594 IT DIDN'T BEGIN WITH THE UNITED 387 00:14:24,594 --> 00:14:27,631 STATES SAYING WE WERE SOVEREIGN. 388 00:14:27,631 --> 00:14:34,271 WE WERE SOVEREIGN PRIOR TO THE 389 00:14:34,271 --> 00:14:35,272 UNITED STATES EXISTING. 390 00:14:35,272 --> 00:14:36,873 IT IS THAT WAFTING THREAD 391 00:14:36,873 --> 00:14:38,475 SECURING THE COMPONENTS THAT 392 00:14:38,475 --> 00:14:40,210 MAKE A SOCIETY, WITHOUT THAT 393 00:14:40,210 --> 00:14:41,511 WAFTING THREAD YOU CANNOT MAKE A 394 00:14:41,511 --> 00:14:42,179 RUG. 395 00:14:42,179 --> 00:14:44,748 WITHOUT THAT WAFTING THREAD, ALL 396 00:14:44,748 --> 00:14:46,983 YOU HAVE ARE UNJOINED ISOLATED 397 00:14:46,983 --> 00:14:48,585 COMPONENTS OF A SOCIETY. 398 00:14:48,585 --> 00:14:50,053 SOVEREIGNTY RUNS THROUGH THE 399 00:14:50,053 --> 00:14:51,621 VERTICAL STRANDS AND SECURES THE 400 00:14:51,621 --> 00:14:52,055 ENTIRE PATTERN. 401 00:14:52,055 --> 00:14:55,425 THAT IS THE FABRIC OF NATIVE 402 00:14:55,425 --> 00:14:56,226 SOCIETY. 403 00:14:56,226 --> 00:14:59,062 SO, I WANT TO GET OUT THAT LEGAL 404 00:14:59,062 --> 00:15:01,098 AND ONLY DEFINED BY THE UNITED 405 00:15:01,098 --> 00:15:02,833 STATES GOVERNMENT VERSION OF 406 00:15:02,833 --> 00:15:03,133 SOVEREIGNTY. 407 00:15:03,133 --> 00:15:05,802 WE WERE ALL SOVEREIGN PRIOR TO 408 00:15:05,802 --> 00:15:06,002 THAT. 409 00:15:06,002 --> 00:15:11,007 WE ALSO HAVE -- THERE'S OVER 324 410 00:15:11,007 --> 00:15:12,275 RESERVATIONS AND TRUST LANDS IN 411 00:15:12,275 --> 00:15:16,213 THE UNITED STATES, WHY AM I 412 00:15:16,213 --> 00:15:16,746 RAISING THAT? 413 00:15:16,746 --> 00:15:19,282 BECAUSE WITH THOSE TRUST LANDS 414 00:15:19,282 --> 00:15:24,888 AND RESERVATIONS COME UNIQUE 415 00:15:24,888 --> 00:15:26,590 OBLIGATIONS AROUND TRIBAL 416 00:15:26,590 --> 00:15:26,857 RESEARCH. 417 00:15:26,857 --> 00:15:30,594 WE CANNOT ENTER INTO RESEARCH 418 00:15:30,594 --> 00:15:31,962 WITH TRIBAL POPULATIONS WITHOUT 419 00:15:31,962 --> 00:15:32,829 TRIBAL SAY SO, THAT INCLUDES 420 00:15:32,829 --> 00:15:34,998 RESEARCH ON THOSE LANDS. 421 00:15:34,998 --> 00:15:38,301 SO THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT 422 00:15:38,301 --> 00:15:46,209 PIECE TO KNOW. 423 00:15:46,209 --> 00:15:47,711 THE McGERT DECISION IN 424 00:15:47,711 --> 00:15:49,146 OKLAHOMA MADE ALMOST ALL OF 425 00:15:49,146 --> 00:15:49,846 OKLAHOMA AN ENTIRE RESERVATION. 426 00:15:49,846 --> 00:15:53,116 WHAT USED TO BE A CITY, FOR 427 00:15:53,116 --> 00:15:57,020 EXAMPLE, TULSA, WAS CONSIDERED 428 00:15:57,020 --> 00:15:59,723 URBAN SITE IS NOW RESERVATION 429 00:15:59,723 --> 00:16:00,323 TIGHT INCLUDING THREE TRIBES 430 00:16:00,323 --> 00:16:01,725 THAT ARE PART OF TULSA. 431 00:16:01,725 --> 00:16:03,994 IF WE DO RESEARCH THERE IN 432 00:16:03,994 --> 00:16:05,762 TULSA, FOR EXAMPLE, MEANS WE 433 00:16:05,762 --> 00:16:09,132 WOULD HAVE TO WORK WITH SOME 434 00:16:09,132 --> 00:16:11,701 TRIBES THAT THOSE LANDS EXIST 435 00:16:11,701 --> 00:16:12,002 ON. 436 00:16:12,002 --> 00:16:15,438 SO BACK TO THE THING ABOUT 437 00:16:15,438 --> 00:16:17,174 HEALTH INEQUITIES AND ISSUES 438 00:16:17,174 --> 00:16:18,175 DRIVING HEALTH CONCERNS IN 439 00:16:18,175 --> 00:16:20,110 INDIAN COUNTRY TODAY, AS I NOTED 440 00:16:20,110 --> 00:16:22,479 EARLIER WE'RE LIVING A HEALTH 441 00:16:22,479 --> 00:16:23,113 REALITY OUR ANCESTORS DID NOT 442 00:16:23,113 --> 00:16:27,384 DREAM FOR US, SUFFER FROM A 443 00:16:27,384 --> 00:16:28,685 CHRONICALLY UNDERFUNDED AND 444 00:16:28,685 --> 00:16:30,587 INADEQUATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM. 445 00:16:30,587 --> 00:16:31,788 OUR STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS OF 446 00:16:31,788 --> 00:16:33,523 HEALTH ARE SOME OF THE POOREST 447 00:16:33,523 --> 00:16:34,991 IN THE COUNTRY. 448 00:16:34,991 --> 00:16:37,394 WE EXPERIENCE SUBSTANDARD AND 449 00:16:37,394 --> 00:16:37,827 OVERCROWDED HOUSING, 450 00:16:37,827 --> 00:16:39,496 DISPROPORTIONATELY WE LIVE IN 451 00:16:39,496 --> 00:16:41,097 FOOD DESERTS, QUITE OFTEN WE 452 00:16:41,097 --> 00:16:43,500 HAVE THE HIGHEST RATES OF FOOD 453 00:16:43,500 --> 00:16:48,104 INSECURITY, 1 OUT OF 4 FAMILY 454 00:16:48,104 --> 00:16:51,608 MEMBERS GOING HUNGRY, 1 OUT OF 455 00:16:51,608 --> 00:16:54,044 3 IN COVID PANDEMIC. 456 00:16:54,044 --> 00:16:56,513 WE LACK ELECTRICITY AND A NUMBER 457 00:16:56,513 --> 00:16:59,716 OF COMMUNITIES ARE EXPOSED 458 00:16:59,716 --> 00:17:00,417 DAMAGING ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 459 00:17:00,417 --> 00:17:04,020 AND TOXINS DUMPED ON OUR LAND. 460 00:17:04,020 --> 00:17:05,188 SO, COMPOUNDING THAT CRISIS, FEW 461 00:17:05,188 --> 00:17:06,089 OF OUR COMMUNITY MEMBERS 462 00:17:06,089 --> 00:17:09,392 ACTUALLY GET TO THIS LEVEL OF 463 00:17:09,392 --> 00:17:10,260 HIGHER EDUCATION. 464 00:17:10,260 --> 00:17:14,898 AND WE END UP UNDERREPRESENTED 465 00:17:14,898 --> 00:17:16,700 IN HEALTH CARE AND RESEARCH WORK 466 00:17:16,700 --> 00:17:16,900 FORCE. 467 00:17:16,900 --> 00:17:18,568 THAT'S A MAJOR ISSUE AS WELL. 468 00:17:18,568 --> 00:17:21,137 THAT'S ONE REASON WE FOCUS ON 469 00:17:21,137 --> 00:17:21,972 RESEARCH WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT. 470 00:17:21,972 --> 00:17:25,008 SO THESE AND OTHER STRUCTURAL 471 00:17:25,008 --> 00:17:26,977 FACTORS LED TO HIGH MULTIPLE 472 00:17:26,977 --> 00:17:33,216 CHRONIC DISEASE BURDEN IN OUR 473 00:17:33,216 --> 00:17:34,684 COMMUNITIES, SYNDEMICS, 474 00:17:34,684 --> 00:17:35,318 SYNERGISTIC EPIDEMICS, HAPPENING 475 00:17:35,318 --> 00:17:37,153 AT THE SAME TIME LEADING TO 476 00:17:37,153 --> 00:17:37,621 PREMATURE MORTALITY. 477 00:17:37,621 --> 00:17:40,423 WE DON'T JUST HAVE DIABETES. 478 00:17:40,423 --> 00:17:42,592 WE HAVE DIABETES AND HEART 479 00:17:42,592 --> 00:17:42,993 DISEASE. 480 00:17:42,993 --> 00:17:46,062 WE HAVE HEART DISEASE AND 481 00:17:46,062 --> 00:17:47,130 HYPERTENSION AND PTSD. 482 00:17:47,130 --> 00:17:49,299 SO WE'RE STRUGGLING WITH A LOT 483 00:17:49,299 --> 00:17:51,001 OF MULTIPLE CONDITIONS AT THE 484 00:17:51,001 --> 00:17:54,271 SAME TIME THAT REALLY LEADS TO 485 00:17:54,271 --> 00:17:55,305 NOT ONLY HIGHER MORTALITY RATES 486 00:17:55,305 --> 00:17:59,242 BUT IN TIMES OF CRISES LIKE 487 00:17:59,242 --> 00:18:01,778 PANDEMICS, YOU SEE THAT KIND OF 488 00:18:01,778 --> 00:18:04,047 STRUCTURAL INEQUITIES THAT DRIVE 489 00:18:04,047 --> 00:18:05,849 OUR HEALTH PROBLEMS EXACERBATED 490 00:18:05,849 --> 00:18:07,517 IN THOSE SITUATIONS, AND WE END 491 00:18:07,517 --> 00:18:11,721 UP HAVING HIGHER RATES OF DEATH 492 00:18:11,721 --> 00:18:12,822 DURING THOSE DIFFICULT TIMES. 493 00:18:12,822 --> 00:18:14,524 THAT HAS LED TO HAVING THE 494 00:18:14,524 --> 00:18:17,861 LOWEST LIFE EXPECTANCY IN THE 495 00:18:17,861 --> 00:18:19,963 COUNTRY FROM ANY POPULATION. 496 00:18:19,963 --> 00:18:21,464 AND FOR AMERICAN INDIANS IT'S 497 00:18:21,464 --> 00:18:23,867 BEEN -- IT'S THE WORST WE'VE 498 00:18:23,867 --> 00:18:27,003 SEEN SINCE WORLD WAR II. 499 00:18:27,003 --> 00:18:30,273 LIFE EXPECTANCY RIGHT NOW IS AGE 500 00:18:30,273 --> 00:18:30,573 65. 501 00:18:30,573 --> 00:18:32,208 IN FACT, 25% OF OUR POPULATION 502 00:18:32,208 --> 00:18:34,210 DIE BEFORE THE AGE OF 45. 503 00:18:34,210 --> 00:18:38,348 MY MOM IS A GREAT EXAMPLE, DIED 504 00:18:38,348 --> 00:18:40,483 AT AGE 45 FROM HER THIRD RARE 505 00:18:40,483 --> 00:18:49,192 FORM OF CANCER LIKELY DUE TO, TO 506 00:18:49,192 --> 00:18:50,593 EXPOSURE WHEN HER MOM WORKED IN 507 00:18:50,593 --> 00:18:56,099 LET US -- LETTUCE FIELDS. 508 00:18:56,099 --> 00:18:59,502 IN SOME TRIBES LIFE EXPECTANCY 509 00:18:59,502 --> 00:19:03,006 IS 46 YEARS OLD, THAT'S NOT 510 00:19:03,006 --> 00:19:05,241 OKAY. 511 00:19:05,241 --> 00:19:08,011 WE'RE FACING MULTIPLE CRISES, 512 00:19:08,011 --> 00:19:10,080 LITERALLY INVISIBLE IN TERMS OF 513 00:19:10,080 --> 00:19:11,014 PUBLIC HEALTH, QUITE OFTEN, 514 00:19:11,014 --> 00:19:14,250 BECAUSE WE DON'T EVEN GET 515 00:19:14,250 --> 00:19:16,086 ACCURATE DATA IN NATIONAL 516 00:19:16,086 --> 00:19:17,654 DATASETS, QUITE OFTEN WE'RE 517 00:19:17,654 --> 00:19:18,788 OTHERRED INTO ANOTHER CATEGORY 518 00:19:18,788 --> 00:19:20,290 AND SO WE'RE ERASED FROM THE 519 00:19:20,290 --> 00:19:22,425 DATA, OR WE'RE JUST NOT INCLUDED 520 00:19:22,425 --> 00:19:22,792 IN DATA. 521 00:19:22,792 --> 00:19:26,763 AND THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS 522 00:19:26,763 --> 00:19:28,765 WHY INDIGENOUS DATA SOVEREIGNTY 523 00:19:28,765 --> 00:19:30,567 IS IMPORTANT FOR TRIBES TO 524 00:19:30,567 --> 00:19:32,035 ASSERT RIGHTS AND PROTECTIONS 525 00:19:32,035 --> 00:19:33,303 FOR THEIR TRIBAL COMMUNITIES 526 00:19:33,303 --> 00:19:35,105 AROUND DATA AND HOW DATA IS USED 527 00:19:35,105 --> 00:19:39,342 BUT ALSO TO MAKE SURE WE'RE PART 528 00:19:39,342 --> 00:19:41,878 OF THE HEALTH CONVERSATION AND 529 00:19:41,878 --> 00:19:43,947 HAVING DATA THAT TRIBAL DECISION 530 00:19:43,947 --> 00:19:45,715 MAKERS CAN MAKE ADEQUATE 531 00:19:45,715 --> 00:19:47,283 DECISIONS AND GOOD DECISIONS FOR 532 00:19:47,283 --> 00:19:48,118 THEIR COMMUNITIES MOVING 533 00:19:48,118 --> 00:19:49,085 FORWARD. 534 00:19:49,085 --> 00:19:52,155 SO NOW IT'S OUR OBLIGATION HERE 535 00:19:52,155 --> 00:19:53,089 TO RECONNECT TO THAT POWER OF 536 00:19:53,089 --> 00:19:54,924 VISION AND LOVE I WAS TALKING 537 00:19:54,924 --> 00:19:56,192 ABOUT EARLIER. 538 00:19:56,192 --> 00:19:58,094 AND TO CHANGE THE COURSE THAT 539 00:19:58,094 --> 00:20:00,930 WE'RE ON AND HARNESS OUR 540 00:20:00,930 --> 00:20:03,600 COLLECTIVE INSIGHTS AND BOTH 541 00:20:03,600 --> 00:20:04,567 SCIENTIFIC AND INDIGENOUS 542 00:20:04,567 --> 00:20:06,369 WISDOM, TO ACHIEVE HEALTH AND 543 00:20:06,369 --> 00:20:07,404 HEALTH EQUITY. 544 00:20:07,404 --> 00:20:09,572 WE DO THAT IN PART THROUGH 545 00:20:09,572 --> 00:20:12,242 PRODUCING RESEARCH THAT IS 546 00:20:12,242 --> 00:20:13,777 MEANINGFUL AND CREDIBLE AND 547 00:20:13,777 --> 00:20:14,244 SUSTAINABLE. 548 00:20:14,244 --> 00:20:16,413 SO OUR STORY AT THRO IS ABOUT 549 00:20:16,413 --> 00:20:19,849 HARNESSING A POWER TO HEAL 550 00:20:19,849 --> 00:20:21,618 THROUGH SCIENCE, THROUGH FOUR 551 00:20:21,618 --> 00:20:21,918 MECHANISMS. 552 00:20:21,918 --> 00:20:24,587 I WON'T GO INTO DETAIL BUT 553 00:20:24,587 --> 00:20:25,355 BASICALLY ADVANCING THAT 554 00:20:25,355 --> 00:20:27,724 INDIGENOUS RESEARCH, THEY TALKED 555 00:20:27,724 --> 00:20:28,992 ABOUT IT EARLIER, CREATIVITY, 556 00:20:28,992 --> 00:20:31,561 AND CULTIVATING CAPACITY THAT 557 00:20:31,561 --> 00:20:32,729 WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT INTERNALLY 558 00:20:32,729 --> 00:20:34,264 AND EXTERNALLY IN TERMS OF 559 00:20:34,264 --> 00:20:39,502 INTERNALLY AT THE NIH AND 560 00:20:39,502 --> 00:20:40,336 INTRAMURALLY. 561 00:20:40,336 --> 00:20:42,005 AND WE HAD A TRIBAL CONSULTATION 562 00:20:42,005 --> 00:20:45,175 TODAY SO WE'RE -- THE MAIN 563 00:20:45,175 --> 00:20:47,644 ORGANIZATION ON BEHALF OF NIH TO 564 00:20:47,644 --> 00:20:48,745 ENSURE TRIBAL CONSULTATION TAKES 565 00:20:48,745 --> 00:20:51,014 PLACE WHEN NEW POLICIES ARE 566 00:20:51,014 --> 00:20:52,582 GOING TO IMPACT INDIAN COUNTRY, 567 00:20:52,582 --> 00:20:54,584 WE'RE REQUIRED BY LAW TO MAKE 568 00:20:54,584 --> 00:20:57,086 SURE WE HAVE TRIBAL INPUT IN 569 00:20:57,086 --> 00:20:57,353 THAT. 570 00:20:57,353 --> 00:20:58,588 AND WE'RE REALLY EXCITED TO BE 571 00:20:58,588 --> 00:21:02,325 PART OF BLAZING NEW PATHS, FOR 572 00:21:02,325 --> 00:21:03,193 STRATEGIC INITIATIVES, POLICIES, 573 00:21:03,193 --> 00:21:04,194 AND COLLABORATIONS. 574 00:21:04,194 --> 00:21:08,465 AND CERTAINLY OUR WORK WITH OSP 575 00:21:08,465 --> 00:21:11,868 AND WITH INTRAMURAL IRB KIND OF 576 00:21:11,868 --> 00:21:14,137 RESONATES WITH SOME OF THOSE 577 00:21:14,137 --> 00:21:14,337 AREAS. 578 00:21:14,337 --> 00:21:18,308 SO I'M GOING TO TURN A LITTLE 579 00:21:18,308 --> 00:21:20,543 BIT TO, YOU KNOW, CONTEXTUALIZE 580 00:21:20,543 --> 00:21:22,645 INDIGENOUS ETHICS AND ISSUES 581 00:21:22,645 --> 00:21:23,646 AROUND RESEARCH ETHICS FOR 582 00:21:23,646 --> 00:21:24,247 INDIAN COUNTRY. 583 00:21:24,247 --> 00:21:28,852 I WANT US TO THINK A LITTLE BIT 584 00:21:28,852 --> 00:21:29,953 ABOUT CONCEPTUAL DIFFERENCES, 585 00:21:29,953 --> 00:21:32,789 FOR MANY NATIVE COMMUNITIES WE 586 00:21:32,789 --> 00:21:34,757 HAVE A SAYING OR PROVERBS, ALL 587 00:21:34,757 --> 00:21:36,226 KINDS OF DIFFERENT WAYS IT MIGHT 588 00:21:36,226 --> 00:21:37,694 COME OUT. 589 00:21:37,694 --> 00:21:39,229 BASIC CONCEPT, I AM THE LAND, 590 00:21:39,229 --> 00:21:41,764 THE LAND IS ME. 591 00:21:41,764 --> 00:21:44,501 THAT'S HOW WE UNDERSTAND IT. 592 00:21:44,501 --> 00:21:49,439 BUT FOR SOME OF OUR, YOU KNOW -- 593 00:21:49,439 --> 00:21:53,243 THE KINDS OF COLONIAL EXPERIENCE 594 00:21:53,243 --> 00:21:54,577 WITH COLONIAL PRACTICES OVER THE 595 00:21:54,577 --> 00:21:56,579 YEARS WE ENCOUNTER A WAY OF 596 00:21:56,579 --> 00:21:58,381 THINKING AND VIEWING OF THE 597 00:21:58,381 --> 00:21:59,148 WORLD AND STRUCTURES THAT 598 00:21:59,148 --> 00:22:00,683 SUPPORT THIS THAT WOULD SAY, 599 00:22:00,683 --> 00:22:02,952 WELL, I OWN THE LAND, THE LAND 600 00:22:02,952 --> 00:22:03,620 IS MINE. 601 00:22:03,620 --> 00:22:05,788 SO, YOU COULD SEE RIGHT THERE WE 602 00:22:05,788 --> 00:22:07,790 ALREADY HAVE KIND OF A 603 00:22:07,790 --> 00:22:09,359 CONCEPTUAL DISCONNECT THERE. 604 00:22:09,359 --> 00:22:10,593 BUT THERE'S A PARALLEL PROCESS 605 00:22:10,593 --> 00:22:12,262 IN TERMS OF DATA AND ERASURE 606 00:22:12,262 --> 00:22:15,064 THAT I WAS TALKING ABOUT 607 00:22:15,064 --> 00:22:15,565 EARLIER. 608 00:22:15,565 --> 00:22:17,534 THAT IS, I AM THE DATA, THE DATA 609 00:22:17,534 --> 00:22:17,867 IS ME. 610 00:22:17,867 --> 00:22:20,403 IF WE HAD A PARALLEL PROCESS 611 00:22:20,403 --> 00:22:23,006 BIOLOGICAL DATA OR MATERIAL DATA 612 00:22:23,006 --> 00:22:24,040 OR GENETIC DATA, FOR EXAMPLE, 613 00:22:24,040 --> 00:22:27,277 FOR MANY OF OUR COMMUNITIES WE 614 00:22:27,277 --> 00:22:30,380 SEE THAT AS NOT AS NON-HUMAN, 615 00:22:30,380 --> 00:22:32,181 KIND OF MATERIAL AFTER ITS 616 00:22:32,181 --> 00:22:34,984 EXTRACTED FROM HUMAN BEINGS BUT 617 00:22:34,984 --> 00:22:36,519 RATHER STILL HAS ESSENCE, STILL 618 00:22:36,519 --> 00:22:38,221 CONNECTED TO WHO WE ARE. 619 00:22:38,221 --> 00:22:40,089 IN THAT SENSE I AM THE DATA, THE 620 00:22:40,089 --> 00:22:41,624 DATA IS ME. 621 00:22:41,624 --> 00:22:42,592 THAT RUNS CONTRARY TO QUITE 622 00:22:42,592 --> 00:22:44,928 OFTEN HOW WE PRODUCE SCIENCE IN 623 00:22:44,928 --> 00:22:46,763 SOME CASES WHERE, BUT I OWN THE 624 00:22:46,763 --> 00:22:48,598 DATA, THE DATA IS MINE. 625 00:22:48,598 --> 00:22:49,799 SO, WE HAVE SOME NATURAL TENSION 626 00:22:49,799 --> 00:22:51,834 THERE IS THAT WE TEND TO RUN 627 00:22:51,834 --> 00:22:53,469 INTO WITH INDIAN COUNTRY AND HOW 628 00:22:53,469 --> 00:22:56,005 SOME ASPECTS OF WESTERN SCIENCE 629 00:22:56,005 --> 00:22:56,873 APPROACH IT. 630 00:22:56,873 --> 00:22:57,974 I WANTED TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT 631 00:22:57,974 --> 00:23:00,577 BECAUSE I DO THINK THERE ARE 632 00:23:00,577 --> 00:23:02,912 SOME TENSIONS AROUND THAT, THAT 633 00:23:02,912 --> 00:23:04,013 NEED TO BE ACKNOWLEDGED. 634 00:23:04,013 --> 00:23:05,281 THE OTHER PIECE I WANT TO 635 00:23:05,281 --> 00:23:08,618 ACKNOWLEDGE IS THAT THERE IS A 636 00:23:08,618 --> 00:23:12,589 LONG HISTORY OF RESEARCH ABUSES 637 00:23:12,589 --> 00:23:15,592 IN NATIVE COMMUNITIES THAT ARE 638 00:23:15,592 --> 00:23:17,660 NOT ONE-OFF EXPERIENCES. 639 00:23:17,660 --> 00:23:21,497 BUT ARE PART OF A LEGACY OF 640 00:23:21,497 --> 00:23:23,499 INSULTS INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES 641 00:23:23,499 --> 00:23:24,601 ENDURED SINCE CONTACT. 642 00:23:24,601 --> 00:23:26,302 AND SO I JUST WANT TO PUT THAT 643 00:23:26,302 --> 00:23:28,137 CONTEXT OUT THERE, AND THERE'S A 644 00:23:28,137 --> 00:23:30,540 LOT OF GOOD WORK IF YOU'RE 645 00:23:30,540 --> 00:23:35,011 INTERESTED IN READING ABOUT IT 646 00:23:35,011 --> 00:23:36,813 ON SETTLER COLONIAL THEORY, HOW 647 00:23:36,813 --> 00:23:38,982 TO UNDERSTAND INDIGENOUS 648 00:23:38,982 --> 00:23:40,416 POPULATIONS IN RELATION TO 649 00:23:40,416 --> 00:23:45,088 VARIOUS COMMUNITIES THAT CAME 650 00:23:45,088 --> 00:23:48,591 OVER HERE TO EXTRACT LABOR OR 651 00:23:48,591 --> 00:23:49,392 RESOURCES OR LAND. 652 00:23:49,392 --> 00:23:51,127 AND SO TO HELP YOU UNDERSTAND 653 00:23:51,127 --> 00:23:52,495 AND THINK ABOUT IT A LITTLE WHEN 654 00:23:52,495 --> 00:23:54,597 I TALK ABOUT RESEARCH ABUSES 655 00:23:54,597 --> 00:23:58,167 THAT HAPPENED, THEY WERE TIED TO 656 00:23:58,167 --> 00:24:01,304 LONG HISTORY AND UNDERSTANDING 657 00:24:01,304 --> 00:24:03,373 OF SETTLER COLONIALISM, IN ONE 658 00:24:03,373 --> 00:24:06,676 MINUTE OR LESS U.S. SETTLER 659 00:24:06,676 --> 00:24:09,412 COLONIALISMS CONSISTS OF 660 00:24:09,412 --> 00:24:11,748 POLICIES, THESE ARE STRUCTURES, 661 00:24:11,748 --> 00:24:13,249 AND THE PRACTICES THAT 662 00:24:13,249 --> 00:24:17,053 FACILITATE USUALLY NATIVE LAND 663 00:24:17,053 --> 00:24:17,720 DISPOSSESSION, AND ERASURE OF 664 00:24:17,720 --> 00:24:20,556 NATIVE PEOPLE FROM THAT LAND. 665 00:24:20,556 --> 00:24:22,925 YOU CAN KIND OF INCLUDE ERASURE 666 00:24:22,925 --> 00:24:24,494 OF NATIVE IDENTITY. 667 00:24:24,494 --> 00:24:26,329 SO IT'S A STRUCTURE, NOT AN 668 00:24:26,329 --> 00:24:26,829 EVENT. 669 00:24:26,829 --> 00:24:29,132 THIS IS A REALLY IMPORTANT PIECE 670 00:24:29,132 --> 00:24:30,767 BECAUSE THESE STRUCTURES, WE 671 00:24:30,767 --> 00:24:32,201 TALK ABOUT STRUCTURAL 672 00:24:32,201 --> 00:24:34,737 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, THESE 673 00:24:34,737 --> 00:24:38,508 KINDS OF STRUCTURES INCLUDE 674 00:24:38,508 --> 00:24:39,742 POLICIES AND INCLUDE VALUES 675 00:24:39,742 --> 00:24:43,546 BEHIND THOSE POLICIES, RIGHT? 676 00:24:43,546 --> 00:24:48,584 AND THEY ARE CREATED TO QUITE 677 00:24:48,584 --> 00:24:52,021 OFTEN DISTORT HISTORICAL 678 00:24:52,021 --> 00:24:52,855 REALITIES, FREE FUTURE 679 00:24:52,855 --> 00:24:53,523 GENERATIONS FROM ACCOUNTABILITY 680 00:24:53,523 --> 00:24:57,393 OR GUILT FROM THE OLD POLICIES 681 00:24:57,393 --> 00:25:00,496 AND RATIONALIZE AND NORMALIZE 682 00:25:00,496 --> 00:25:02,832 CONTINUOUS RIGHTS TO DISPOSSESS 683 00:25:02,832 --> 00:25:03,833 NATIVE PEOPLE OF LAND AND ERASE 684 00:25:03,833 --> 00:25:05,435 THEM FROM THE LAND. 685 00:25:05,435 --> 00:25:07,036 AND IT GIVES OPPORTUNITY TO 686 00:25:07,036 --> 00:25:11,941 REPLACE WITH NEW STORIES AND 687 00:25:11,941 --> 00:25:12,975 NARRATIVES, QUITE OFTEN MYTHS. 688 00:25:12,975 --> 00:25:15,578 A GOOD EXAMPLE, WE JUST HAD 689 00:25:15,578 --> 00:25:15,978 THANKSGIVING. 690 00:25:15,978 --> 00:25:19,582 WE HAVE QUITE OFTEN A MYTH ABOUT 691 00:25:19,582 --> 00:25:24,420 THANKSGIVING AND PEOPLE ANCHOR 692 00:25:24,420 --> 00:25:26,055 THE STORY AROUND SQUANTO IN THE 693 00:25:26,055 --> 00:25:29,192 PLYMOUTH COLONY AND HE GREETED 694 00:25:29,192 --> 00:25:30,593 THE SETTLERS, YOU KNOW, GAVE 695 00:25:30,593 --> 00:25:33,229 THEM CORN, SHOWED THEM HOW TO 696 00:25:33,229 --> 00:25:34,263 PLANT CORN AND HELPED THEM OUT 697 00:25:34,263 --> 00:25:36,199 OF THE FIRST STARVING WINTER. 698 00:25:36,199 --> 00:25:38,034 THAT'S KIND OF TRUE AND THEN 699 00:25:38,034 --> 00:25:38,735 THERE WAS SUPPOSEDLY A 700 00:25:38,735 --> 00:25:40,269 THANKSGIVING AFTER THAT BUT THE 701 00:25:40,269 --> 00:25:40,937 OFFICIAL THANKSGIVING CAME LATER 702 00:25:40,937 --> 00:25:46,342 AND IT WAS ACTUALLY A 703 00:25:46,342 --> 00:25:46,943 THANKSGIVING, ANOTHER HISTORY 704 00:25:46,943 --> 00:25:49,545 DENIED, WHY DO WE HAVE THAT 705 00:25:49,545 --> 00:25:49,912 STORY? 706 00:25:49,912 --> 00:25:54,183 AND NO ONE THINKS TO ASK HOW DID 707 00:25:54,183 --> 00:25:54,984 SQUANTO KNOW ENGLISH? 708 00:25:54,984 --> 00:25:57,887 BECAUSE HE HAD BEEN CAPTURED AS 709 00:25:57,887 --> 00:25:59,956 A SLAVE AND ENSLAVED, AND HE 710 00:25:59,956 --> 00:26:02,525 MADE HIS WAY AND BROUGHT OVER TO 711 00:26:02,525 --> 00:26:04,527 EUROPE TO SPAIN, ACTUALLY, MADE 712 00:26:04,527 --> 00:26:06,329 HIS WAY TO ENGLAND, MADE IT BACK 713 00:26:06,329 --> 00:26:08,898 TO HIS VILLAGE, WHERE PEOPLE HAD 714 00:26:08,898 --> 00:26:10,666 DIED FROM HORRIBLE DISEASE. 715 00:26:10,666 --> 00:26:13,202 SO THERE'S A MUCH MORE NUANCED 716 00:26:13,202 --> 00:26:15,304 STORY THAT QUITE OFTEN GETS 717 00:26:15,304 --> 00:26:17,774 ERASED FROM THAT NARRATIVE. 718 00:26:17,774 --> 00:26:19,509 AND SO THESE ARE STRUCTURES THAT 719 00:26:19,509 --> 00:26:22,979 ARE UPHELD BY POLICIES LIKE 720 00:26:22,979 --> 00:26:24,247 MANIFEST DESTINY, DOCTRINE OF 721 00:26:24,247 --> 00:26:24,514 DISCOVERY. 722 00:26:24,514 --> 00:26:25,982 THIS IS JUST IMPORTANT TO KEEP 723 00:26:25,982 --> 00:26:33,055 IN MIND BECAUSE THEN EVENTS 724 00:26:33,055 --> 00:26:34,991 FOLLOW THESE STRUCTURES, LIKE 725 00:26:34,991 --> 00:26:36,592 THE BOARDING SCHOOL EXPERIENCE 726 00:26:36,592 --> 00:26:39,262 FOR NATIVE KIDS REMOVED AND PUT 727 00:26:39,262 --> 00:26:41,898 INTO BOARDING SCHOOLS AGAINST 728 00:26:41,898 --> 00:26:45,134 THEIR FAMILY OR COMMUNITY'S 729 00:26:45,134 --> 00:26:46,369 WILL. 730 00:26:46,369 --> 00:26:48,371 AND THE ATROCITIES, APOLOGIZED 731 00:26:48,371 --> 00:26:50,373 FOR ON THAT, AGAIN, THOSE KINDS 732 00:26:50,373 --> 00:26:52,875 OF EVENTS ARE USED TO UPHOLD 733 00:26:52,875 --> 00:26:53,276 THESE STRUCTURES. 734 00:26:53,276 --> 00:26:55,912 AND SO LET ME GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF 735 00:26:55,912 --> 00:26:58,347 HOW THAT HAPPENED IN TERMS OF 736 00:26:58,347 --> 00:26:59,649 THESE TRAUMATIC EVENTS RELATED 737 00:26:59,649 --> 00:27:01,851 TO SCIENCE AND RESEARCH AND YOU 738 00:27:01,851 --> 00:27:02,852 CAN UNDERSTAND WHY NATIVE 739 00:27:02,852 --> 00:27:06,422 COMMUNITIES HAVE A LOT OF 740 00:27:06,422 --> 00:27:06,689 DISTRUST. 741 00:27:06,689 --> 00:27:08,991 YOU KNOW, ESPECIALLY FEDERAL 742 00:27:08,991 --> 00:27:09,826 GOVERNMENT-RELATED RESEARCH, 743 00:27:09,826 --> 00:27:10,026 RIGHT? 744 00:27:10,026 --> 00:27:11,527 I'M ONLY GOING TO GIVE ONE 745 00:27:11,527 --> 00:27:14,730 EXAMPLE BUT THERE'S A NUMBER ON 746 00:27:14,730 --> 00:27:14,997 THE SLIDE. 747 00:27:14,997 --> 00:27:18,234 IN THE 1860s, FOR EXAMPLE, THE 748 00:27:18,234 --> 00:27:20,870 ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM, A SURGEON 749 00:27:20,870 --> 00:27:23,239 WILLIAM HAMMOND ORDER ALL 750 00:27:23,239 --> 00:27:26,909 MEDICAL OFFICERS TO COLLECT 751 00:27:26,909 --> 00:27:28,044 SPECIMENS OF MORBID ANATOMY 752 00:27:28,044 --> 00:27:30,880 WHICH MAY BE REGARDED AS 753 00:27:30,880 --> 00:27:31,147 VALUABLE. 754 00:27:31,147 --> 00:27:32,949 A LOT OF FOLKS RAIDED GRAVES OR 755 00:27:32,949 --> 00:27:34,617 DURING MASSACRES CUT OFF HEADS 756 00:27:34,617 --> 00:27:37,253 OF WOMEN, CHILDREN, AND MEN, AND 757 00:27:37,253 --> 00:27:41,991 SENT THEM TO BE USED FOR 758 00:27:41,991 --> 00:27:42,225 SCIENCE. 759 00:27:42,225 --> 00:27:44,260 AND SMITHSONIAN NATIONAL MUSEUM 760 00:27:44,260 --> 00:27:46,996 OF NATURAL HISTORY ACTUALLY 761 00:27:46,996 --> 00:27:50,099 RECEIVED OVER 2,000 OF THE 4,000 762 00:27:50,099 --> 00:27:52,368 HEADS AMASSED BY THE ARMY 763 00:27:52,368 --> 00:27:54,237 MEDICAL MUSEUM. 764 00:27:54,237 --> 00:27:55,972 WE'VE GOT A REPATRIATION PROCESS 765 00:27:55,972 --> 00:27:57,740 TO GET OUR HISTORICAL -- THOSE 766 00:27:57,740 --> 00:27:59,508 KINDS OF REMAINS BACK TO 767 00:27:59,508 --> 00:28:00,276 COMMUNITIES THROUGH WHAT'S 768 00:28:00,276 --> 00:28:01,744 CALLED THE NATIVE AMERICAN 769 00:28:01,744 --> 00:28:02,478 GRAVES PROTECTION ACT. 770 00:28:02,478 --> 00:28:06,082 BUT THAT'S JUST ONE EXAMPLE 771 00:28:06,082 --> 00:28:09,919 WHERE OUR BODIES WERE USED, 772 00:28:09,919 --> 00:28:11,554 OBVIOUSLY WITHOUT OUR 773 00:28:11,554 --> 00:28:14,557 PERMISSION, AND CERTAINLY WITH 774 00:28:14,557 --> 00:28:15,424 PART OF MASSACRE CAMPAIGN TO GET 775 00:28:15,424 --> 00:28:21,197 MONEY TO BE ABLE TO GET BODY 776 00:28:21,197 --> 00:28:22,999 PARTS IN -- IN EXCHANGE FOR BODY 777 00:28:22,999 --> 00:28:26,903 PARTS, ALL THE WAY TO GENETIC 778 00:28:26,903 --> 00:28:30,740 EXTRACTION, WITHOUT PROPER 779 00:28:30,740 --> 00:28:31,641 PERMISSION, THE HAVASUPAI 780 00:28:31,641 --> 00:28:33,643 INCIDENT DNA SAMPLES FOR A 781 00:28:33,643 --> 00:28:35,611 DIABETES STUDY USED WITHOUT 782 00:28:35,611 --> 00:28:38,347 CONSENT OR KNOWLEDGE OF PEOPLE 783 00:28:38,347 --> 00:28:40,049 PARTICIPATING IN THAT STUDY FOR 784 00:28:40,049 --> 00:28:41,517 STIGMATIZING TOPICS AT THE TIME. 785 00:28:41,517 --> 00:28:43,953 AND IT CAUSED GREAT HARM. 786 00:28:43,953 --> 00:28:48,224 THE KIND OF HARM THAT IT CAUSED 787 00:28:48,224 --> 00:28:50,326 RIPPLE EFFECT INTO OTHER 788 00:28:50,326 --> 00:28:51,627 COMMUNITIES, FOR EXAMPLE NAVAJO 789 00:28:51,627 --> 00:28:53,562 DURING THAT PERIOD ISSUED A 790 00:28:53,562 --> 00:28:55,231 MORATORIUM ON ALL GENETIC 791 00:28:55,231 --> 00:28:55,531 RESEARCH. 792 00:28:55,531 --> 00:28:56,799 THAT REMAINS IN EFFECT TODAY. 793 00:28:56,799 --> 00:29:01,671 SO THESE THINGS DIDN'T HAPPEN 794 00:29:01,671 --> 00:29:03,072 BECAUSE JUST THE HAVASUPAI OR 795 00:29:03,072 --> 00:29:04,740 BECAUSE OF ONE OR TWO STUDIES 796 00:29:04,740 --> 00:29:06,575 BUT A WHOLE HISTORY GOING BACK, 797 00:29:06,575 --> 00:29:11,080 I ONLY WENT AS FAR AS THE 798 00:29:11,080 --> 00:29:13,683 1860s, WHERE OUR BODIES WERE, 799 00:29:13,683 --> 00:29:15,017 YOU KNOW, USED FOR 800 00:29:15,017 --> 00:29:16,719 EXPERIMENTATION IN WAYS THAT 801 00:29:16,719 --> 00:29:18,554 WERE NOT GIVEN WITH PROPER 802 00:29:18,554 --> 00:29:22,925 CONSENT OR PERMISSION. 803 00:29:22,925 --> 00:29:24,427 SO, BUILDING AN INDIGENOUS DATA 804 00:29:24,427 --> 00:29:25,528 SOVEREIGNTY POLICY, WHAT WE'RE 805 00:29:25,528 --> 00:29:27,163 DOING HERE NOW AT THE TRIBAL 806 00:29:27,163 --> 00:29:28,864 HEALTH RESEARCH OFFICE, MEANS WE 807 00:29:28,864 --> 00:29:30,266 HAVE TO UNDERSTAND AND RECOGNIZE 808 00:29:30,266 --> 00:29:32,702 THERE IS A LEGACY OF ABUSE. 809 00:29:32,702 --> 00:29:33,869 I'LL SAVE THIS STORY FOR LATER 810 00:29:33,869 --> 00:29:36,005 IF I HAVE A CHANCE AT THE END IF 811 00:29:36,005 --> 00:29:36,605 WE HAVE TIME. 812 00:29:36,605 --> 00:29:40,543 BUT OUR COMMUNITIES HAVE REALLY 813 00:29:40,543 --> 00:29:43,713 BEEN MAKING SHIFTS AROUND 814 00:29:43,713 --> 00:29:44,880 ACCOUNTABILITY WITH RESPECT TO 815 00:29:44,880 --> 00:29:47,750 DATA SOVEREIGNTY, THEY HAVE BEEN 816 00:29:47,750 --> 00:29:49,385 PRO-ACTIVE SAYING, HEY, WE NEED 817 00:29:49,385 --> 00:29:50,386 TO DO THINGS DIFFERENTLY, IF YOU 818 00:29:50,386 --> 00:29:52,755 DO RESEARCH IT HAS TO BE WITH 819 00:29:52,755 --> 00:29:54,623 US, AND PARTNERING WITH US, WE 820 00:29:54,623 --> 00:29:56,058 NEED TO BE DRIVING THAT 821 00:29:56,058 --> 00:29:56,325 RESEARCH. 822 00:29:56,325 --> 00:30:01,330 IF IT'S ON OUR LANDS OR WITH OUR 823 00:30:01,330 --> 00:30:02,999 PEOPLE, WE HAVE CONTROL OVER 824 00:30:02,999 --> 00:30:06,168 WHAT HAPPENS UNDER THOSE 825 00:30:06,168 --> 00:30:06,469 CONDITIONS. 826 00:30:06,469 --> 00:30:07,236 IT'S NOT UNLIKE DATA SOVEREIGNTY 827 00:30:07,236 --> 00:30:11,007 THAT THE UNITED STATES ALREADY 828 00:30:11,007 --> 00:30:12,475 HAS WITH RESPECT TO DATA 829 00:30:12,475 --> 00:30:14,744 SECURITY OUT OF A SECURITY 830 00:30:14,744 --> 00:30:16,445 PROCESS, THE SAME WITH NATIVE 831 00:30:16,445 --> 00:30:18,614 COMMUNITIES, SO THEY HAVE MOVED 832 00:30:18,614 --> 00:30:19,949 INTO THE DATA SOVEREIGNTY 833 00:30:19,949 --> 00:30:23,152 MOVEMENT AS WELL, AND THEY HAVE 834 00:30:23,152 --> 00:30:25,054 BEEN REALLY ARTICULATING THEIR 835 00:30:25,054 --> 00:30:26,655 SOVEREIGNTY AND STANCE RELATED 836 00:30:26,655 --> 00:30:28,057 TO THAT. 837 00:30:28,057 --> 00:30:28,824 I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE 838 00:30:28,824 --> 00:30:31,827 NIH HAS BEEN DOING GREAT 839 00:30:31,827 --> 00:30:34,997 RESEARCH, BEFORE STARTING THE 840 00:30:34,997 --> 00:30:36,399 DATA SOVEREIGNTY WORK. 841 00:30:36,399 --> 00:30:39,368 WE DEVELOPED, YOU KNOW, PRIOR TO 842 00:30:39,368 --> 00:30:41,370 MY COMING HERE NIH DEVELOPED 843 00:30:41,370 --> 00:30:42,238 DATA SHARING GUIDANCE SUPPLEMENT 844 00:30:42,238 --> 00:30:44,640 FOR BEST PRACTICES, I REFER YOU 845 00:30:44,640 --> 00:30:45,441 TO THAT. 846 00:30:45,441 --> 00:30:46,976 IT'S REALLY GREAT. 847 00:30:46,976 --> 00:30:47,977 IT TALKS ABOUT PROACTIVELY 848 00:30:47,977 --> 00:30:49,945 ENGAGING TRIBAL COMMUNITIES FOR 849 00:30:49,945 --> 00:30:52,615 PLANNING, FOR DATA MANAGEMENT 850 00:30:52,615 --> 00:30:54,450 AND SHARING, MUTUAL 851 00:30:54,450 --> 00:30:55,684 UNDERSTANDING OF GOALS FOR THAT 852 00:30:55,684 --> 00:30:58,888 DATA MANAGEMENT AND SHARING. 853 00:30:58,888 --> 00:31:00,823 AND ENSURING INDIVIDUAL AND 854 00:31:00,823 --> 00:31:03,559 COLLECTIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE 855 00:31:03,559 --> 00:31:03,993 PROCESS. 856 00:31:03,993 --> 00:31:05,528 AND SAFEGUARDING AGAINST FUTURE 857 00:31:05,528 --> 00:31:06,896 RISK, WHICH IS REALLY IMPORTANT. 858 00:31:06,896 --> 00:31:09,932 SO WHEN I TALK ABOUT INDIGENOUS 859 00:31:09,932 --> 00:31:10,599 DATA SOVEREIGNTY, I'M TALKING 860 00:31:10,599 --> 00:31:13,636 ABOUT THE RIGHT OF TRIBAL 861 00:31:13,636 --> 00:31:15,771 NATIONS TO EXERCISE SOVEREIGN 862 00:31:15,771 --> 00:31:18,607 AUTHORITY AND GOVERN COLLECTION, 863 00:31:18,607 --> 00:31:19,775 OWNERSHIP OF STEWARDSHIP, 864 00:31:19,775 --> 00:31:21,343 SHARING, REDUCE, DISPOSAL OR 865 00:31:21,343 --> 00:31:22,311 DISPOSITION OF DATA COLLECTED 866 00:31:22,311 --> 00:31:25,047 FROM AND ABOUT TRIBAL 867 00:31:25,047 --> 00:31:25,714 POPULATIONS. 868 00:31:25,714 --> 00:31:28,117 PARTICULARLY WHEN SUCH DATA HAS 869 00:31:28,117 --> 00:31:29,652 POTENTIAL TO IMPACT SOCIAL, 870 00:31:29,652 --> 00:31:30,619 CULTURAL, ECONOMIC, AND GENERAL 871 00:31:30,619 --> 00:31:34,557 WELFARE OF THE TRIBAL NATIONS. 872 00:31:34,557 --> 00:31:35,057 THERE'S BEEN PRINCIPLES 873 00:31:35,057 --> 00:31:35,858 DEVELOPED BY THAT. 874 00:31:35,858 --> 00:31:37,827 THESE HAVE ALSO BEEN TALKED 875 00:31:37,827 --> 00:31:39,995 ABOUT IN OUR DATA SHARING 876 00:31:39,995 --> 00:31:40,563 MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES THAT 877 00:31:40,563 --> 00:31:42,631 ALREADY EXIST AT THE NIH. 878 00:31:42,631 --> 00:31:46,068 I REFER YOU TO THAT DOCUMENT. 879 00:31:46,068 --> 00:31:48,337 THERE'S SOME THINGS UNIQUE 880 00:31:48,337 --> 00:31:49,305 BECAUSE OF TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY 881 00:31:49,305 --> 00:31:51,707 THAT PEOPLE AREN'T AWARE OF IN 882 00:31:51,707 --> 00:31:52,842 TERMS OF RESEARCH PROTECTIONS. 883 00:31:52,842 --> 00:31:55,578 IF YOU KNOW WE HAVE A COMMON 884 00:31:55,578 --> 00:31:58,514 RULE, BUT TRIBES ARE ACTUALLY 885 00:31:58,514 --> 00:32:00,616 EXEMPT FROM THE COMMON RULE AS 886 00:32:00,616 --> 00:32:01,517 OF 2018. 887 00:32:01,517 --> 00:32:04,019 TRIBAL LAWS AND ORDINANCES TAKE 888 00:32:04,019 --> 00:32:09,358 PRECEDENCE, AND FEDERAL AGENCIES 889 00:32:09,358 --> 00:32:11,694 MUST FOLLOW THOSE LAWS. 890 00:32:11,694 --> 00:32:14,864 AFTER REVIEWING THE NUMBER OF 891 00:32:14,864 --> 00:32:15,631 TRIBAL RESEARCH LAWS AND 892 00:32:15,631 --> 00:32:17,800 ORDINANCES, THEY ARE MUCH MORE 893 00:32:17,800 --> 00:32:18,467 RESTRICTIVE THAN THE COMMON RULE 894 00:32:18,467 --> 00:32:22,037 IN TERMS OF BEING PROTECTIVE OF 895 00:32:22,037 --> 00:32:22,972 THEIR COMMUNITIES. 896 00:32:22,972 --> 00:32:26,976 SO UNDER THOSE CONDITIONS, WE'RE 897 00:32:26,976 --> 00:32:29,411 MANDATED BY LAW TO FOLLOW 898 00:32:29,411 --> 00:32:30,946 RESEARCH LAWS AND ORDINANCES 899 00:32:30,946 --> 00:32:31,747 SINCE THEY TAKE PRECEDENCE. 900 00:32:31,747 --> 00:32:34,850 AND A COUPLE OTHER THINGS TO 901 00:32:34,850 --> 00:32:37,887 KEEP IN MIND, I REFERENCED THIS 902 00:32:37,887 --> 00:32:41,957 EARLIER, FOR THE COMMON RULE AND 903 00:32:41,957 --> 00:32:46,195 OTHER HUMAN SUBJECTS 904 00:32:46,195 --> 00:32:47,096 CONSIDERATIONS QUITE OFTEN 905 00:32:47,096 --> 00:32:49,832 DE-IDENTIFIED ARE NOT CONSIDERED 906 00:32:49,832 --> 00:32:52,468 HUMAN SUBJECTS BUT MOST TRIBAL 907 00:32:52,468 --> 00:32:59,008 LAWS AND TRIBAL PROTOCOLS EXTEND 908 00:32:59,008 --> 00:33:04,580 HUMAN SUBJECT PROTECTIONS TO 909 00:33:04,580 --> 00:33:04,914 DE-IDENTIFIED. 910 00:33:04,914 --> 00:33:06,415 THERE'S SOME FUND MEN SHIFTS IN 911 00:33:06,415 --> 00:33:08,651 THINKING FOR US TO KEEP IN MIND. 912 00:33:08,651 --> 00:33:11,320 I ALSO WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT 913 00:33:11,320 --> 00:33:12,621 NIH RESPECTS TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY 914 00:33:12,621 --> 00:33:14,256 IN THE ABSENCE OF WRITTEN TRIBAL 915 00:33:14,256 --> 00:33:15,624 LAWS OR POLICIES. 916 00:33:15,624 --> 00:33:18,994 AND THIS IS AN IMPORTANT CAVEAT 917 00:33:18,994 --> 00:33:21,063 BECAUSE OUR CURRENT GUIDELINES 918 00:33:21,063 --> 00:33:22,998 SAY -- ACKNOWLEDGE THAT. 919 00:33:22,998 --> 00:33:26,001 THAT IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IF A 920 00:33:26,001 --> 00:33:27,570 TRIBE DOESN'T HAVE THE 921 00:33:27,570 --> 00:33:29,405 INFRASTRUCTURE TO HAVE CREATED 922 00:33:29,405 --> 00:33:31,006 RESEARCH LAWS AND POLICIES, THAT 923 00:33:31,006 --> 00:33:32,308 ARE MORE RESTRICTIVE AT THIS 924 00:33:32,308 --> 00:33:35,578 TIME, BUT WOULD PREFER TO HAVE 925 00:33:35,578 --> 00:33:37,613 THAT IN PLACE, SOME PROTOCOLS IN 926 00:33:37,613 --> 00:33:39,481 PLACE LIKE THAT, WE'RE SAYING 927 00:33:39,481 --> 00:33:40,616 THAT WE THINK ETHICALLY WE 928 00:33:40,616 --> 00:33:41,817 SHOULD BE ALIGNING WITH THE 929 00:33:41,817 --> 00:33:43,519 TRIBES AND WORKING WITH THE 930 00:33:43,519 --> 00:33:46,388 TRIBES TO ADHERE TO WHAT THEY 931 00:33:46,388 --> 00:33:47,656 THINK IS IN THEIR BEST INTEREST 932 00:33:47,656 --> 00:33:48,224 FOR THAT. 933 00:33:48,224 --> 00:33:52,027 EVEN IN THE ABSENCE OF LAWS, WE 934 00:33:52,027 --> 00:33:53,662 DON'T WANT TO PENALIZE TRIBES 935 00:33:53,662 --> 00:33:54,997 THAT DON'T HAVE THOSE RESOURCES 936 00:33:54,997 --> 00:33:59,468 IN PLACE YET. 937 00:33:59,468 --> 00:34:01,070 WE HAVE HAD TEN LISTENING 938 00:34:01,070 --> 00:34:02,738 SESSIONS TO DATE ACROSS THE 939 00:34:02,738 --> 00:34:08,177 COUNTRY WITH TRIBES, TRIBAL 940 00:34:08,177 --> 00:34:08,911 LEADERS, NATIVE RESEARCHERS, NIH 941 00:34:08,911 --> 00:34:11,347 RESEARCHERS ON THE GROUND IN THE 942 00:34:11,347 --> 00:34:13,882 COMMUNITIES. 943 00:34:13,882 --> 00:34:15,851 AND WE HELD AN INDIGENOUS DATA 944 00:34:15,851 --> 00:34:18,954 SOVEREIGNTY SUMMIT MOST RECENTLY 945 00:34:18,954 --> 00:34:21,123 WITH BRINGING TOGETHER ABOUT 27 946 00:34:21,123 --> 00:34:22,758 AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA 947 00:34:22,758 --> 00:34:23,726 NATIVE EXPERTS AROUND DATA 948 00:34:23,726 --> 00:34:24,760 SOVEREIGNTY. 949 00:34:24,760 --> 00:34:26,996 WE HAVE SOME TAKEAWAYS IN 950 00:34:26,996 --> 00:34:29,498 BUILDING POLICY HERE AT THE NIH 951 00:34:29,498 --> 00:34:30,766 AND SOME OF THE TAKEAWAYS I'LL 952 00:34:30,766 --> 00:34:31,900 SHARE BRIEFLY WITH YOU. 953 00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:35,537 OF COURSE THE FIRST IS KIND OF 954 00:34:35,537 --> 00:34:38,474 THE OBVIOUS ONE, WHICH IS ANY 955 00:34:38,474 --> 00:34:39,041 INDIGENOUS DATA SOVEREIGNTY 956 00:34:39,041 --> 00:34:40,776 POLICY WE DEVELOP AT THE NIH 957 00:34:40,776 --> 00:34:48,117 NEEDS TO HONOR TRIBAL 958 00:34:48,117 --> 00:34:53,489 SOVEREIGNTY AND GOVERNANCE. 959 00:34:53,489 --> 00:34:54,623 TRIBES HAVE AUTHORITY. 960 00:34:54,623 --> 00:34:56,759 GOING BACK TO THE RESERVATION 961 00:34:56,759 --> 00:34:57,960 AND TRIBAL LANDS, RIGHT, SO 962 00:34:57,960 --> 00:34:59,828 TRIBES HAVE AUTHORITY OVER DATA 963 00:34:59,828 --> 00:35:02,998 COLLECTED ON TRIBAL LANDS OR IF 964 00:35:02,998 --> 00:35:03,866 THE DATA INFERENCES OR 965 00:35:03,866 --> 00:35:04,700 ATTRIBUTIONS TO TRIBE WILL BE 966 00:35:04,700 --> 00:35:06,669 MADE, IN OTHER WORDS FOR 967 00:35:06,669 --> 00:35:09,038 SECONDARY DATA IF YOU ARE GOING 968 00:35:09,038 --> 00:35:11,006 TO MAKE ATTRIBUTIONS TO A TRIBE 969 00:35:11,006 --> 00:35:12,908 EVEN IF YOU COLLECTED YOUR DATA 970 00:35:12,908 --> 00:35:14,743 IN AN URBAN AREA, YOU WOULD THEN 971 00:35:14,743 --> 00:35:17,112 WANT TO WORK DIRECTLY WITH THAT 972 00:35:17,112 --> 00:35:18,213 TRIBE TO GET THEIR CONSENT AND 973 00:35:18,213 --> 00:35:21,050 HAVE A PROCESS IN PLACE FOR 974 00:35:21,050 --> 00:35:21,650 DOING THAT WORK. 975 00:35:21,650 --> 00:35:22,985 OWNERSHIP OF AND AUTHORITY OVER 976 00:35:22,985 --> 00:35:25,821 DATA RESTS WITH THE TRIBE SO 977 00:35:25,821 --> 00:35:27,289 IDEALLY WE NEED TO DO THAT PRIOR 978 00:35:27,289 --> 00:35:28,957 TO DATA COLLECTION. 979 00:35:28,957 --> 00:35:32,428 IT'S IMPORTANT AND INCUMBENT ON 980 00:35:32,428 --> 00:35:34,029 THE P.I. TO MAKE SURE THEY 981 00:35:34,029 --> 00:35:35,731 CLARIFY IN WRITING WHO OWNS, 982 00:35:35,731 --> 00:35:40,936 CO-OWNS DATA, HOW IT WILL BE 983 00:35:40,936 --> 00:35:50,713 STORED OR CULTURAL PROTECTION 984 00:35:50,713 --> 00:35:52,815 FOR THE COMMUNITY. 985 00:35:52,815 --> 00:35:54,983 WHAT I'M CALLING SACRED KIN, 986 00:35:54,983 --> 00:35:56,685 SAMPLES OF LIVING AND NON-LIVING 987 00:35:56,685 --> 00:36:03,425 OUR RELATIONS, THE THEME THAT 988 00:36:03,425 --> 00:36:06,628 CAME OUT ACROSS COMMUNITIES 989 00:36:06,628 --> 00:36:07,062 INCLUDING BIOLOGICAL 990 00:36:07,062 --> 00:36:07,529 DERIVATIVES. 991 00:36:07,529 --> 00:36:09,264 SECOND ELEMENT WE HAVE TO HONOR 992 00:36:09,264 --> 00:36:10,999 THE SACRED OFFERINGS OF PEOPLE 993 00:36:10,999 --> 00:36:14,636 WHO DECIDE TO GIVE THEIR DATA TO 994 00:36:14,636 --> 00:36:16,839 SCIENCE, SO FLIP SIDE IS WE ALSO 995 00:36:16,839 --> 00:36:18,607 NEED TO ACKNOWLEDGE AND RESPECT 996 00:36:18,607 --> 00:36:20,609 THAT PEOPLE ARE MAKING DECISIONS 997 00:36:20,609 --> 00:36:24,613 TO OFFER THEIR DNA OR GENETIC 998 00:36:24,613 --> 00:36:25,381 MATERIALS OR BIOSAMPLES BECAUSE 999 00:36:25,381 --> 00:36:27,282 THEY WANT TO HELP THE HEALTH OF 1000 00:36:27,282 --> 00:36:28,684 THEIR PEOPLE, AND SOME OF THE 1001 00:36:28,684 --> 00:36:30,953 TRIBAL LEADERS TALKED ABOUT THAT 1002 00:36:30,953 --> 00:36:32,454 AS SIMILAR TO OFFERINGS, 1003 00:36:32,454 --> 00:36:34,256 SPIRITUAL OFFERINGS THAT ARE 1004 00:36:34,256 --> 00:36:35,591 MADE DURING CEREMONY, THAT 1005 00:36:35,591 --> 00:36:36,458 PEOPLE WILL GIVE A FLESH 1006 00:36:36,458 --> 00:36:41,530 OFFERING, FOR EXAMPLE, A PIECE 1007 00:36:41,530 --> 00:36:42,364 OF FLESH DURING CEREMONIES TO 1008 00:36:42,364 --> 00:36:43,599 MAKE SURE THEY ARE GIVING FOR 1009 00:36:43,599 --> 00:36:45,534 THE HEALTH OF THE PEOPLE AND 1010 00:36:45,534 --> 00:36:48,604 SIMILARLY WE NEED TO RESPECT 1011 00:36:48,604 --> 00:36:49,838 THAT INDIVIDUAL CHOICE AND 1012 00:36:49,838 --> 00:36:52,941 AUTONOMY IN THAT REGARD AS WELL. 1013 00:36:52,941 --> 00:36:55,644 THIRD ELEMENT IS SACRED 1014 00:36:55,644 --> 00:36:57,513 KNOWLEDGE RECOGNIZING THAT 1015 00:36:57,513 --> 00:36:58,147 CULTURAL PROTOCOLS, OTHER KINDS 1016 00:36:58,147 --> 00:37:03,385 OF DATA THAT ARE MORE LIKE 1017 00:37:03,385 --> 00:37:05,454 METADATA OR, YOU KNOW, NOT 1018 00:37:05,454 --> 00:37:06,755 SPECIFICALLY DATA NECESSARILY 1019 00:37:06,755 --> 00:37:10,993 BUT TIED TO DATA, LIKE 1020 00:37:10,993 --> 00:37:12,494 INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE, CULTURAL 1021 00:37:12,494 --> 00:37:14,930 PROTOCOLS, CURRICULA, OTHER 1022 00:37:14,930 --> 00:37:17,533 KINDS OF THINGS MAY REQUIRE 1023 00:37:17,533 --> 00:37:18,333 TRADITIONAL GUARDIANSHIP 1024 00:37:18,333 --> 00:37:21,703 PRACTICES OR SOME KIND OF 1025 00:37:21,703 --> 00:37:23,439 COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY AROUND 1026 00:37:23,439 --> 00:37:24,506 GUARDIANSHIP OF THAT KNOWLEDGE, 1027 00:37:24,506 --> 00:37:26,842 SO NOT ALL THAT IS MEANT TO BE 1028 00:37:26,842 --> 00:37:28,410 PUBLIC, PER SE. 1029 00:37:28,410 --> 00:37:30,412 SO, WE NEED TO WORK CLOSELY WITH 1030 00:37:30,412 --> 00:37:31,914 TRIBAL LEADERS AND COMMUNITIES 1031 00:37:31,914 --> 00:37:36,251 TO BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THAT AND, 1032 00:37:36,251 --> 00:37:38,487 YOU KNOW, WHAT CAN BE -- WHAT 1033 00:37:38,487 --> 00:37:45,060 NEEDS TO REMAIN WITH THE TRIBE. 1034 00:37:45,060 --> 00:37:46,094 SOME OTHER GUIDING PRINCIPLES 1035 00:37:46,094 --> 00:37:47,796 INCLUDE, YOU KNOW, IMPORTANCE OF 1036 00:37:47,796 --> 00:37:49,398 OF COURSE CONSENT AND BENEFIT, 1037 00:37:49,398 --> 00:37:51,533 BUT THEY HAVE ALSO TALKED VERY 1038 00:37:51,533 --> 00:37:53,202 MUCH ABOUT COLLECTIVE BENEFIT, 1039 00:37:53,202 --> 00:37:55,037 NOT JUST INDIVIDUAL BENEFIT. 1040 00:37:55,037 --> 00:37:57,706 DATA PRACTICES SHOULD PRIORITIZE 1041 00:37:57,706 --> 00:38:00,309 WELL-BEING AND EMPOWERMENT OF 1042 00:38:00,309 --> 00:38:01,810 INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES, 1043 00:38:01,810 --> 00:38:02,377 FOSTERING POSITIVE OUTCOMES, 1044 00:38:02,377 --> 00:38:05,247 EQUITABLE PARTNERSHIPS, THAT 1045 00:38:05,247 --> 00:38:06,782 DATA PRACTICES SHOULD BE REALLY 1046 00:38:06,782 --> 00:38:11,220 OUTLINED WELL BEFORE ANY KIND OF 1047 00:38:11,220 --> 00:38:12,621 DATA COLLECTION STARTS. 1048 00:38:12,621 --> 00:38:14,790 AND IT'S NOT ENOUGH JUST TO SAY 1049 00:38:14,790 --> 00:38:16,725 I'M GOING TO, YOU KNOW, HERE'S 1050 00:38:16,725 --> 00:38:17,926 OUR PLAN, THE DATA AND 1051 00:38:17,926 --> 00:38:19,127 MANAGEMENT PLAN THAT WE HAVE IN 1052 00:38:19,127 --> 00:38:21,497 PLACE, BUT THE TRIBE NEEDS TO 1053 00:38:21,497 --> 00:38:24,666 ACTUALLY APPROVE OF THAT BEFORE 1054 00:38:24,666 --> 00:38:26,168 DATA IS ACTUALLY COLLECTED. 1055 00:38:26,168 --> 00:38:28,737 AND THEN FINALLY TRIBES HAVE THE 1056 00:38:28,737 --> 00:38:32,441 RIGHT TO DESIGNATE IRB OF RECORD 1057 00:38:32,441 --> 00:38:33,642 OR REVIEW BODY SO, FOR EXAMPLE, 1058 00:38:33,642 --> 00:38:35,210 WE HAVE A COMMON RULE -- NOT 1059 00:38:35,210 --> 00:38:39,681 COMMON RULE BUT SINGLE IRB RULE 1060 00:38:39,681 --> 00:38:41,383 AT NIH, QUITE OFTEN RESEARCH 1061 00:38:41,383 --> 00:38:44,586 WITH MULTIPLE COMMUNITIES AND 1062 00:38:44,586 --> 00:38:45,754 MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS FOR EASE 1063 00:38:45,754 --> 00:38:50,993 IT MAKES SENSE TO DO ONE IRB, 1064 00:38:50,993 --> 00:38:51,593 AMERICAN INDIANS RESERVE THE 1065 00:38:51,593 --> 00:38:54,997 RIGHT TO SAY WE'RE FINE WITH 1066 00:38:54,997 --> 00:38:57,633 DEFERRING OUR, YOU KNOW, 1067 00:38:57,633 --> 00:38:58,967 DESIGNATING THE NIH AS IRB OF 1068 00:38:58,967 --> 00:39:01,136 RECORD OR UNIVERSITY AS IRB OF 1069 00:39:01,136 --> 00:39:02,037 RECORD, BUT WE ALSO RESEARCH THE 1070 00:39:02,037 --> 00:39:04,940 RIGHT TO STILL HAVE A RESEARCH 1071 00:39:04,940 --> 00:39:07,809 REVIEW BODY THAT CAN -- THAT 1072 00:39:07,809 --> 00:39:09,144 WILL OKAY OR NOT OKAY CERTAIN 1073 00:39:09,144 --> 00:39:10,212 PROJECTS OR POLICIES. 1074 00:39:10,212 --> 00:39:11,413 THAT STILL IS WITHIN THE RIGHT 1075 00:39:11,413 --> 00:39:13,649 OR THEY MAY HAVE THE RIGHT TO 1076 00:39:13,649 --> 00:39:16,351 DESIGNATE THEMSELVES THEY 1077 00:39:16,351 --> 00:39:18,520 ALREADY HAVE FEDERAL-WIDE 1078 00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:20,055 ASSURANCE OR ANOTHER ENTITY TO 1079 00:39:20,055 --> 00:39:21,490 ENSURE IRB PROCESSES ARE IN 1080 00:39:21,490 --> 00:39:21,690 PLACE. 1081 00:39:21,690 --> 00:39:22,991 HERE'S THE CATCH. 1082 00:39:22,991 --> 00:39:25,360 IF ANY OF RESEARCH IS BEING 1083 00:39:25,360 --> 00:39:26,862 DONE, INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE 1084 00:39:26,862 --> 00:39:29,331 FACILITY WITH INDIAN HEALTH 1085 00:39:29,331 --> 00:39:31,366 SERVICE STAFF, OR WITH INDIAN 1086 00:39:31,366 --> 00:39:32,568 HEALTH SERVICE RESOURCES, THEN 1087 00:39:32,568 --> 00:39:33,969 THAT'S THE THIRD IRB THAT NEEDS 1088 00:39:33,969 --> 00:39:37,472 TO BE INVOLVED. 1089 00:39:37,472 --> 00:39:39,708 AND QUITE OFTEN IHS WILL 1090 00:39:39,708 --> 00:39:41,777 POSSIBLY DEFER TO THE TRIBE BUT 1091 00:39:41,777 --> 00:39:43,679 SOMETIMES IHS HAS TO BE INVOLVED 1092 00:39:43,679 --> 00:39:44,479 UNDER THOSE CONDITIONS. 1093 00:39:44,479 --> 00:39:47,549 AND THEN GETTING BACK TO THE 1094 00:39:47,549 --> 00:39:49,751 SACRED OFFERING PIECE, 1095 00:39:49,751 --> 00:39:51,653 INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS WILL BE ALWAYS 1096 00:39:51,653 --> 00:39:54,189 HONORED FOR DATA DISPOSAL. 1097 00:39:54,189 --> 00:39:57,392 SO TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY DOESN'T 1098 00:39:57,392 --> 00:39:59,394 GET TO USURP OR OVERPOWER 1099 00:39:59,394 --> 00:40:00,662 INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND INDIVIDUAL 1100 00:40:00,662 --> 00:40:00,896 CONSENT. 1101 00:40:00,896 --> 00:40:02,731 SO IN OTHER WORDS IF A PERSON 1102 00:40:02,731 --> 00:40:05,067 SAYS I WANT MY DATA, NATIVE 1103 00:40:05,067 --> 00:40:06,602 PERSON SAYS I WANT MY DATA 1104 00:40:06,602 --> 00:40:08,236 DESTROYED FIVE YEARS AFTER THE 1105 00:40:08,236 --> 00:40:09,838 STUDY IS COMPLETED, I WANT MY 1106 00:40:09,838 --> 00:40:11,440 BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL RETURNED TO 1107 00:40:11,440 --> 00:40:13,775 THE TRIBE, OR LET'S SAY THEY 1108 00:40:13,775 --> 00:40:15,477 WANT IT DESTROYED, THE TRIBE 1109 00:40:15,477 --> 00:40:17,279 CAN'T SAY, OH, WE'RE STEPPING IN 1110 00:40:17,279 --> 00:40:18,614 AND SAYING WE'RE USING OUR 1111 00:40:18,614 --> 00:40:19,748 SOVEREIGNTY TO NOW TAKE THAT 1112 00:40:19,748 --> 00:40:21,850 DATA AND DO WITH IT WHAT WE 1113 00:40:21,850 --> 00:40:22,117 WANT. 1114 00:40:22,117 --> 00:40:23,986 THEY CANNOT DO THAT. 1115 00:40:23,986 --> 00:40:27,589 AND SO THAT WOULD BE VIOLATING 1116 00:40:27,589 --> 00:40:30,626 THE SACRED OFFERING VALUE THAT 1117 00:40:30,626 --> 00:40:36,632 TRIBES REALLY TALKED ABOUT. 1118 00:40:36,632 --> 00:40:38,967 AND IRREVERSIBLE AND TIMELESS 1119 00:40:38,967 --> 00:40:40,268 CONSENT FOR GENOMIC MATERIALS, 1120 00:40:40,268 --> 00:40:41,036 THAT HAS TO STOP. 1121 00:40:41,036 --> 00:40:44,373 WE NEED TO PUT IN A MECHANISM OR 1122 00:40:44,373 --> 00:40:47,242 MOU OR SOMETHING IN PLACE THAT 1123 00:40:47,242 --> 00:40:49,945 ALLOWS OPTIONS FOR CONSENT, NOT 1124 00:40:49,945 --> 00:40:50,979 ONLY CONSENTING BUT POTENTIALLY 1125 00:40:50,979 --> 00:40:52,180 RECONSENTING NOT ONLY THE 1126 00:40:52,180 --> 00:40:54,249 INDIVIDUAL AT THE AT THE TIME 1127 00:40:54,249 --> 00:40:55,684 DATA IS DE-IDENTIFIED DOES THAT 1128 00:40:55,684 --> 00:40:57,753 THEN MOVE TO A TRIBAL LEVEL, AND 1129 00:40:57,753 --> 00:41:00,722 SO THOSE ARE SOME THINGS THE 1130 00:41:00,722 --> 00:41:01,623 TRIBES HAVE TALKED ABOUT. 1131 00:41:01,623 --> 00:41:04,426 ONE OF THE OTHER THINGS I WANT 1132 00:41:04,426 --> 00:41:06,828 TO HIGHLIGHT IS WHAT IF WE'RE IN 1133 00:41:06,828 --> 00:41:09,031 AN URBAN OR, YOU KNOW, URBAN 1134 00:41:09,031 --> 00:41:10,966 SAMPLE, WHAT DO WE DO WITH YOU 1135 00:41:10,966 --> 00:41:12,200 ARE PAN SAMPLES BECAUSE 1136 00:41:12,200 --> 00:41:18,573 TECHNICALLY LET'S SAY I'M DOING 1137 00:41:18,573 --> 00:41:29,151 A STUDY AMERICAN INDIANS, ALASA 1138 00:41:29,918 --> 00:41:34,222 NATIVES, IF NOT COLLECTED ON 1139 00:41:34,222 --> 00:41:37,993 TRIBAL LAND, RESPONDENT LIVES 1140 00:41:37,993 --> 00:41:40,128 OFF TRIBAL LAND THEY CAN PROCEED 1141 00:41:40,128 --> 00:41:42,197 WOULD THE TRIBAL APPROVAL. 1142 00:41:42,197 --> 00:41:45,067 COMPLICATION IS IN SOME URBAN 1143 00:41:45,067 --> 00:41:46,968 AREAS, TRIBAL COMMUNITIES LIVE 1144 00:41:46,968 --> 00:41:47,636 CLOSE BY AND THEY ACCESS 1145 00:41:47,636 --> 00:41:50,305 RESOURCES RIGHT THERE IN THAT 1146 00:41:50,305 --> 00:41:50,639 URBAN AREA. 1147 00:41:50,639 --> 00:41:53,775 SO, WHAT IF THERE'S AN URBAN 1148 00:41:53,775 --> 00:41:56,211 SAMPLE BUT YOU'RE NOT TARGETING 1149 00:41:56,211 --> 00:41:58,613 A TRIBE BUT TRIBAL LANDS OVERLAP 1150 00:41:58,613 --> 00:42:00,682 OR ARE IN CLOSE PROXIMITY, A 1151 00:42:00,682 --> 00:42:02,751 GOOD EXAMPLE IS PHOENIX OR 1152 00:42:02,751 --> 00:42:03,852 ALBUQUERQUE. 1153 00:42:03,852 --> 00:42:05,387 SAME CRITERIA AS ABOVE, WE'RE 1154 00:42:05,387 --> 00:42:07,422 SAYING, BUT WE ALSO ARE SAYING 1155 00:42:07,422 --> 00:42:08,356 YOU SHOULD -- BEST PRACTICE 1156 00:42:08,356 --> 00:42:12,260 WOULD BE TO CONSULT WITH NEARBY 1157 00:42:12,260 --> 00:42:14,262 TRIBES, POSSIBLY CREATE MOU OR 1158 00:42:14,262 --> 00:42:14,996 LET THEM KNOW WHAT'S HAPPENING 1159 00:42:14,996 --> 00:42:17,532 SO THAT THEY UNDERSTAND THAT YOU 1160 00:42:17,532 --> 00:42:19,935 ARE NOT GOING TO PURSUE DATA 1161 00:42:19,935 --> 00:42:22,971 ANALYSES BY TRIBE WITHOUT TRIBAL 1162 00:42:22,971 --> 00:42:25,140 APPROVAL AND CONSENT. 1163 00:42:25,140 --> 00:42:26,842 SO ONE THING WE WANT TO LOOK OUT 1164 00:42:26,842 --> 00:42:30,112 FOR UNDER THOSE CONDITIONS IS TO 1165 00:42:30,112 --> 00:42:32,180 BE MINDFUL WE DON'T WANT 1166 00:42:32,180 --> 00:42:33,215 WORK-AROUNDS, DON'T WANT PEOPLE 1167 00:42:33,215 --> 00:42:36,651 TO GO TO RAPID CITY, SOUTH 1168 00:42:36,651 --> 00:42:42,057 DAKOTA, IN SEARCH OF LAKOTA TO 1169 00:42:42,057 --> 00:42:43,191 DO RESEARCH BECAUSE IT'S OFF 1170 00:42:43,191 --> 00:42:44,926 TRIBAL LAND. 1171 00:42:44,926 --> 00:42:48,263 WE WOULD SAY IF YOU'RE GOING TO 1172 00:42:48,263 --> 00:42:49,231 MAKE INFERENCE TO LAKOTA PEOPLE, 1173 00:42:49,231 --> 00:42:51,900 EVEN IF COLLECTED IN RAPID CITY, 1174 00:42:51,900 --> 00:42:53,769 YOU NEED TO INVOLVE THE TRIBE 1175 00:42:53,769 --> 00:42:54,035 DIRECTLY. 1176 00:42:54,035 --> 00:42:55,837 THERE'S A LOT OF NATIVE 1177 00:42:55,837 --> 00:42:57,639 RESEARCHERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY 1178 00:42:57,639 --> 00:43:00,609 THAT HAVE DEVELOPED RESEARCH 1179 00:43:00,609 --> 00:43:01,676 PROTOCOLS THAT EMBODY THIS, NOT 1180 00:43:01,676 --> 00:43:03,411 JUST DATA PLANS AND DATA SHARING 1181 00:43:03,411 --> 00:43:05,313 AND MANAGEMENT PLANS BUT WHOLE 1182 00:43:05,313 --> 00:43:07,482 PROTOCOLS ABOUT HOW TO ENGAGE 1183 00:43:07,482 --> 00:43:07,783 COMMUNITIES. 1184 00:43:07,783 --> 00:43:10,652 AND I'LL GIVE AN EXAMPLE THAT WE 1185 00:43:10,652 --> 00:43:12,387 USED TO USE. 1186 00:43:12,387 --> 00:43:12,988 THAT INVOLVED CONFIDENTIALITY. 1187 00:43:12,988 --> 00:43:16,491 IT WAS REALLY IMPORTANT TO 1188 00:43:16,491 --> 00:43:18,293 MAINTAIN CONFIDENTIALITY. 1189 00:43:18,293 --> 00:43:21,663 ONE STUDY WE HAD AGREED THAT WE 1190 00:43:21,663 --> 00:43:23,965 RECOGNIZED TRIBAL NATION HAD THE 1191 00:43:23,965 --> 00:43:26,334 RIGHT TO EXCLUDE PUBLICATION OR 1192 00:43:26,334 --> 00:43:27,869 KEEP CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 1193 00:43:27,869 --> 00:43:30,639 CONCERNING THEIR CULTURE OR 1194 00:43:30,639 --> 00:43:32,774 TRADITIONS OR SACRED STORIES, 1195 00:43:32,774 --> 00:43:33,575 TEXTS, SONGS, SPIRITUAL BELIEFS. 1196 00:43:33,575 --> 00:43:35,777 WE STILL COULD REPORT OUT THAT, 1197 00:43:35,777 --> 00:43:37,612 FOR EXAMPLE, SPIRITUALITY MADE A 1198 00:43:37,612 --> 00:43:38,980 DIFFERENCE OR THAT TRADITIONAL 1199 00:43:38,980 --> 00:43:41,349 PRACTICES MADE A DIFFERENCE BUT 1200 00:43:41,349 --> 00:43:42,217 COULDN'T DOCUMENT THE DETAILS OF 1201 00:43:42,217 --> 00:43:46,421 ANY OF THOSE THINGS BECAUSE THAT 1202 00:43:46,421 --> 00:43:51,827 WAS VIOLATING THEIR TRADITIONAL 1203 00:43:51,827 --> 00:43:52,160 GUARDIANSHIP. 1204 00:43:52,160 --> 00:43:54,629 POINTS OF CONSIDERATION WE WANT 1205 00:43:54,629 --> 00:43:56,565 YOU TO THINK ABOUT, WE ARE 1206 00:43:56,565 --> 00:43:58,834 STARTING TO MOVE IN WRITING UP 1207 00:43:58,834 --> 00:44:01,603 POLICY NOW, CONSULTING CLOSELY 1208 00:44:01,603 --> 00:44:03,805 WITH OSP AND OGC AND INTRAMURAL 1209 00:44:03,805 --> 00:44:05,674 OFFICE AS WELL. 1210 00:44:05,674 --> 00:44:06,875 BUT THINGS LIKE, YOU KNOW, 1211 00:44:06,875 --> 00:44:09,911 ENSURING THAT WE HAVE A TRIBAL 1212 00:44:09,911 --> 00:44:12,647 LETTER OF SUPPORT, OR COUNCIL 1213 00:44:12,647 --> 00:44:14,983 RESOLUTION, TRIBAL COUNCIL 1214 00:44:14,983 --> 00:44:18,653 RESOLUTION, TO BE SUBMITTED WITH 1215 00:44:18,653 --> 00:44:19,654 APPLICATIONS COMING TO NIH, THAT 1216 00:44:19,654 --> 00:44:24,659 BASICALLY IS SAYING WE RECOGNIZE 1217 00:44:24,659 --> 00:44:26,795 DETAILS, FINAL DETAILS, OF THE 1218 00:44:26,795 --> 00:44:28,396 DATA PLAN MAY COME OUT LATER BUT 1219 00:44:28,396 --> 00:44:29,865 WE ARE IN AGREEMENT WITH THE 1220 00:44:29,865 --> 00:44:30,999 INITIAL DATA PLAN AND WE'RE IN 1221 00:44:30,999 --> 00:44:33,068 AGREEMENT WITH THE IDEA OF 1222 00:44:33,068 --> 00:44:34,035 MOVING FORWARD FOR THIS STUDY 1223 00:44:34,035 --> 00:44:35,637 AND EXPECT DURING THAT FIRST 1224 00:44:35,637 --> 00:44:36,738 YEAR THAT PRIOR TO DATA 1225 00:44:36,738 --> 00:44:40,075 COLLECTION THAT SOME OF THAT 1226 00:44:40,075 --> 00:44:42,978 WOULD BE FINALIZED AND, AGAIN, 1227 00:44:42,978 --> 00:44:45,213 WITH FORMAL TRIBAL APPROVAL, 1228 00:44:45,213 --> 00:44:47,282 EITHER VIA IRB, TRIBAL IRB, 1229 00:44:47,282 --> 00:44:49,918 RESEARCH REVIEW COMMITTEE, OR 1230 00:44:49,918 --> 00:44:50,986 THEIR TRIBAL DESIGNEE, SHOULD 1231 00:44:50,986 --> 00:44:53,955 INCLUDE DATA SHARING, DATA 1232 00:44:53,955 --> 00:44:54,689 MANAGEMENT, DISSEMINATION PLAN. 1233 00:44:54,689 --> 00:44:56,691 AND SO WE'RE IN THE PROCESS OF 1234 00:44:56,691 --> 00:44:57,826 DEVELOPING SOME OF THE DETAILS 1235 00:44:57,826 --> 00:44:59,594 OF THAT NOW. 1236 00:44:59,594 --> 00:45:02,764 WE WILL BE PROVIDING OF COURSE 1237 00:45:02,764 --> 00:45:04,699 SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS ONCE THIS 1238 00:45:04,699 --> 00:45:05,467 IS DEVELOPED. 1239 00:45:05,467 --> 00:45:07,002 AND SOME THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND, 1240 00:45:07,002 --> 00:45:08,970 THIS IS HOW STRICT SOME TRIBES 1241 00:45:08,970 --> 00:45:10,405 ARE, SOME TRIBES REQUIRE 1242 00:45:10,405 --> 00:45:12,807 PERMITS, FOR EXAMPLE, TO EVEN 1243 00:45:12,807 --> 00:45:14,776 ACCESS TRIBAL LANDS, TO CONDUCT 1244 00:45:14,776 --> 00:45:16,711 RESEARCH WITH TRIBAL 1245 00:45:16,711 --> 00:45:17,078 COMMUNITIES. 1246 00:45:17,078 --> 00:45:19,247 SOME CASES TRIBES WILL SAY EVEN 1247 00:45:19,247 --> 00:45:21,750 HOLDING A PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION 1248 00:45:21,750 --> 00:45:22,984 OF RESEARCH IDEAS IN OUR 1249 00:45:22,984 --> 00:45:24,886 COMMUNITY IS CONSIDERED TO BE 1250 00:45:24,886 --> 00:45:27,422 RESEARCH FROM OUR POINT OF VIEW, 1251 00:45:27,422 --> 00:45:28,690 AND THEREFORE YOU STILL NEED TO 1252 00:45:28,690 --> 00:45:30,992 PASS THROUGH OUR IRB FOR THAT. 1253 00:45:30,992 --> 00:45:34,996 SO, YOU KNOW, THAT NORMALLY 1254 00:45:34,996 --> 00:45:36,631 WOULD BE NOT CONSIDERED RESEARCH 1255 00:45:36,631 --> 00:45:38,833 FOR EXAMPLE IN UNIVERSITY 1256 00:45:38,833 --> 00:45:39,100 SETTINGS. 1257 00:45:39,100 --> 00:45:41,469 SO THERE'S LAYERS OF THIS THAT 1258 00:45:41,469 --> 00:45:43,071 ARE A LITTLE BIT MORE COMPLEX 1259 00:45:43,071 --> 00:45:44,739 AND, AGAIN, WE WOULD WORK WITH 1260 00:45:44,739 --> 00:45:46,975 THE TRIBAL -- ENCOURAGE P.I.s 1261 00:45:46,975 --> 00:45:48,109 TO WORK DIRECTLY WITH TRIBAL 1262 00:45:48,109 --> 00:45:50,745 NATIONS TO SORT THAT OUT. 1263 00:45:50,745 --> 00:45:52,547 NOW, A TRIBAL -- INDIGENOUS DATA 1264 00:45:52,547 --> 00:45:54,449 SOVEREIGNTY POLICY IS ONLY GOING 1265 00:45:54,449 --> 00:45:58,920 TO BE AS GOOD AS A TRIBE'S 1266 00:45:58,920 --> 00:46:00,655 ABILITY TO GOVERN, HAVE 1267 00:46:00,655 --> 00:46:03,024 GOVERNORRANCE OVER THEIR DATA, 1268 00:46:03,024 --> 00:46:06,194 WE RECOGNIZE SUPPORTING TRIBES 1269 00:46:06,194 --> 00:46:06,861 BUILDING GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES, 1270 00:46:06,861 --> 00:46:13,601 INCLUDING HELPING TRIBES BEGIN 1271 00:46:13,601 --> 00:46:16,071 TO DEVELOP MECHANISMS TO OVERSEE 1272 00:46:16,071 --> 00:46:18,673 USAGE, MAYBE DEVELOPING A 1273 00:46:18,673 --> 00:46:18,974 REPOSITORY. 1274 00:46:18,974 --> 00:46:22,978 WE'RE WORKING ON A DATA 1275 00:46:22,978 --> 00:46:26,948 SOVEREIGNTY PROTOCOL, BUT ALSO 1276 00:46:26,948 --> 00:46:28,249 ACKNOWLEDGING THAT GOVERNANCE 1277 00:46:28,249 --> 00:46:28,883 STRUCTURE INCLUDES CAPACITY 1278 00:46:28,883 --> 00:46:32,654 BUILDING AND BENEFIT SHARING, SO 1279 00:46:32,654 --> 00:46:33,688 PROVIDING TRAINING AND RESOURCES 1280 00:46:33,688 --> 00:46:37,025 TO BUILD CAPACITY IN DATA 1281 00:46:37,025 --> 00:46:38,560 MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS AND 1282 00:46:38,560 --> 00:46:39,094 DECISION MAKING, PROVIDING 1283 00:46:39,094 --> 00:46:41,963 TRAINING AND RESOURCES TO NIH TO 1284 00:46:41,963 --> 00:46:42,998 BUILD CAPACITY AND PROMOTING 1285 00:46:42,998 --> 00:46:44,165 THESE INDIGENOUS DATA 1286 00:46:44,165 --> 00:46:46,568 SOVEREIGNTY PRACTICES, AND OF 1287 00:46:46,568 --> 00:46:47,268 COURSE CULTURAL PRESERVATION, A 1288 00:46:47,268 --> 00:46:51,106 LOT OF TRIBES TALKED ABOUT IT'S 1289 00:46:51,106 --> 00:46:53,942 IMPORTANT TO ENSURE RESPECTFUL 1290 00:46:53,942 --> 00:46:54,709 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND 1291 00:46:54,709 --> 00:46:56,011 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. 1292 00:46:56,011 --> 00:47:00,482 WE'RE NOW AT THE FINAL TIME OF 1293 00:47:00,482 --> 00:47:02,150 PULLING TOGETHER ALL OF THIS 1294 00:47:02,150 --> 00:47:03,018 FEEDBACK FROM COMMUNITIES AND 1295 00:47:03,018 --> 00:47:05,653 THEMES WE JUST SHARED WITH YOU 1296 00:47:05,653 --> 00:47:07,055 AND WE'RE OUT IN THE COMMUNITIES 1297 00:47:07,055 --> 00:47:09,190 WINDING DOWN BEING OUT IN THE 1298 00:47:09,190 --> 00:47:11,259 COMMUNITY, GETTING READY TO GEAR 1299 00:47:11,259 --> 00:47:12,427 UP FOR TRIBAL CONSULTATION, 1300 00:47:12,427 --> 00:47:14,996 PROBABLY IN FEBRUARY, ONCE WE 1301 00:47:14,996 --> 00:47:16,998 HAVE A DRAFT POLICY READY FOR 1302 00:47:16,998 --> 00:47:19,734 THE COMMUNITY TO LAY EYES ON AND 1303 00:47:19,734 --> 00:47:21,169 OF COURSE TO SEEK FURTHER 1304 00:47:21,169 --> 00:47:25,840 FEEDBACK FROM THE NIH COMMUNITY 1305 00:47:25,840 --> 00:47:26,074 AS WELL. 1306 00:47:26,074 --> 00:47:26,808 I'LL END THERE. 1307 00:47:26,808 --> 00:47:28,810 IF WE HAVE TIME FOR THE SHORT 1308 00:47:28,810 --> 00:47:30,178 STORY LATER I CAN ALWAYS DO 1309 00:47:30,178 --> 00:47:30,678 THAT. 1310 00:47:30,678 --> 00:47:31,813 THANK YOU. 1311 00:47:31,813 --> 00:47:35,050 >> YES, THE RABBIT AND THE BEAR. 1312 00:47:35,050 --> 00:47:37,452 WE DO HAVE TIME FOR QUESTIONS. 1313 00:47:37,452 --> 00:47:38,086 PLEASE SUBMIT QUESTIONS BY 1314 00:47:38,086 --> 00:47:41,756 CLICKING ON THE BOX BELOW THE 1315 00:47:41,756 --> 00:47:44,893 VIDEO TITLED LIVE FEEDBACK LINK. 1316 00:47:44,893 --> 00:47:45,860 JONATHAN GREEN, OHSRP DIRECTOR, 1317 00:47:45,860 --> 00:47:48,696 IS ALSO GOING TO JOIN US IN CASE 1318 00:47:48,696 --> 00:47:50,999 THERE'S QUESTIONS ABOUT THE NIH 1319 00:47:50,999 --> 00:47:53,968 IRB PERSPECTIVE OR INPUT 1320 00:47:53,968 --> 00:47:55,303 REGARDING THIS TOPIC. 1321 00:47:55,303 --> 00:47:59,007 SO JONATHAN, PLEASE JOIN US. 1322 00:47:59,007 --> 00:48:00,475 OKAY. 1323 00:48:00,475 --> 00:48:02,277 WE HAVE A QUESTION. 1324 00:48:02,277 --> 00:48:05,713 IF TRIBES MUST HONOR INDIVIDUAL 1325 00:48:05,713 --> 00:48:07,048 CONSENT, SACRED OFFERINGS, HOW 1326 00:48:07,048 --> 00:48:08,583 WILL YOU RESOLVE CONFLICT THAT 1327 00:48:08,583 --> 00:48:10,852 ARISES IF A PERSON VOLUNTEERS 1328 00:48:10,852 --> 00:48:11,920 FOR A STUDY BUT THEY ARE 1329 00:48:11,920 --> 00:48:16,958 ENROLLED IN A TRIBE THAT DOES 1330 00:48:16,958 --> 00:48:18,693 NOT CONSENT PARTICIPATION. 1331 00:48:18,693 --> 00:48:20,595 >> WELL, IF IT'S A TRIBAL STUDY, 1332 00:48:20,595 --> 00:48:22,730 THEN THAT WOULD BE A PROBLEM, 1333 00:48:22,730 --> 00:48:23,164 RIGHT? 1334 00:48:23,164 --> 00:48:24,566 BECAUSE THAT'S THE DIFFERENCE. 1335 00:48:24,566 --> 00:48:27,535 A PERSON CAN GO TO AN URBAN, BE 1336 00:48:27,535 --> 00:48:30,672 IN AN URBAN STUDY, MAY BE AN 1337 00:48:30,672 --> 00:48:31,372 INDIVIDUAL FROM A PARTICULAR 1338 00:48:31,372 --> 00:48:32,774 TRIBE. 1339 00:48:32,774 --> 00:48:34,843 I THINK A GOOD EXAMPLE, CLINICAL 1340 00:48:34,843 --> 00:48:36,678 STUDIES, MOST OF OUR TRIBAL 1341 00:48:36,678 --> 00:48:39,481 COMMUNITIES HAVE SAID WE WANT TO 1342 00:48:39,481 --> 00:48:41,116 SUPPORT OUR POPULATION STILL 1343 00:48:41,116 --> 00:48:45,453 GETTING ACCESS TO CLINICAL 1344 00:48:45,453 --> 00:48:47,021 TRIALS, ESPECIALLY INVOLVING, 1345 00:48:47,021 --> 00:48:49,757 YOU KNOW, SITUATIONS WHERE, FOR 1346 00:48:49,757 --> 00:48:51,593 EXAMPLE, CANCER TREATMENTS WHERE 1347 00:48:51,593 --> 00:48:53,761 THEY MIGHT NOT OTHERWISE GET 1348 00:48:53,761 --> 00:48:55,763 ACCESS TO SOME OPPORTUNITIES 1349 00:48:55,763 --> 00:48:58,199 AFFORDED THEM, THEY WILL LEAVE 1350 00:48:58,199 --> 00:49:00,502 THE RESERVATION TO COME TO 1351 00:49:00,502 --> 00:49:02,170 ALBUQUERQUE TO PARTICIPATE IN A 1352 00:49:02,170 --> 00:49:04,272 CLINICAL TRIAL IN AN INNOVATIVE 1353 00:49:04,272 --> 00:49:05,039 CANCER TREATMENT, PRIOR TO 1354 00:49:05,039 --> 00:49:06,708 SAYING WE WANT TO SUPPORT THAT, 1355 00:49:06,708 --> 00:49:08,943 WE DON'T WANT TO STOP THAT FROM 1356 00:49:08,943 --> 00:49:11,713 HAPPENING, AS LONG AS THE 1357 00:49:11,713 --> 00:49:13,748 INVESTIGATOR DOES NOT MAKE 1358 00:49:13,748 --> 00:49:15,016 INFERENCES TO OUR TRIBE, WE WILL 1359 00:49:15,016 --> 00:49:17,986 BE OKAY WITH THAT. 1360 00:49:17,986 --> 00:49:19,854 SO THAT'S NOT GOING TO BE -- 1361 00:49:19,854 --> 00:49:21,689 DOESN'T SOUND LIKE THAT'S A BIG 1362 00:49:21,689 --> 00:49:22,357 ISSUE. 1363 00:49:22,357 --> 00:49:25,727 SO IN THAT CASE, WE WOULD -- 1364 00:49:25,727 --> 00:49:30,231 THERE'S A PEACE MADE THERE. 1365 00:49:30,231 --> 00:49:30,532 >> OKAY. 1366 00:49:30,532 --> 00:49:34,068 WHAT ARE THE WAYS THAT WE AS NIH 1367 00:49:34,068 --> 00:49:35,570 RESEARCHERS CAN MAKE SURE WE'RE 1368 00:49:35,570 --> 00:49:37,238 COLLECTING CULTURALLY COMPETENT 1369 00:49:37,238 --> 00:49:42,143 AND RESPONSIVE RESEARCH WHEN IT 1370 00:49:42,143 --> 00:49:44,712 INVOLVES AI/AN PERSONS. 1371 00:49:44,712 --> 00:49:45,613 >> REPEAT THE LAST PART. 1372 00:49:45,613 --> 00:49:47,982 >> WHAT ARE THE WAYS THAT NIH 1373 00:49:47,982 --> 00:49:50,518 RESEARCHERS CAN MAKE SURE WE'RE 1374 00:49:50,518 --> 00:49:53,021 CONDUCTING CULTURALLY COMPETENT 1375 00:49:53,021 --> 00:49:54,689 AND RESPONSIVE RESEARCH WHEN IT 1376 00:49:54,689 --> 00:49:58,193 INVOLVES AMERICAN INDIAN AND 1377 00:49:58,193 --> 00:49:59,093 ALASKA NATIVE PERSONS? 1378 00:49:59,093 --> 00:50:01,829 >> WELL, I MEAN, FIRST OF ALL, 1379 00:50:01,829 --> 00:50:03,131 WORKING CLOSELY -- A COUPLE 1380 00:50:03,131 --> 00:50:05,833 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT. 1381 00:50:05,833 --> 00:50:07,535 WHEN YOU'RE DOING RESEARCH WITH 1382 00:50:07,535 --> 00:50:08,169 NATIVE COMMUNITIES, IT'S NOT 1383 00:50:08,169 --> 00:50:10,538 JUST FOR THE LIFE OF THE STUDY. 1384 00:50:10,538 --> 00:50:11,873 FOR MOST NATIVE COMMUNITIES IT'S 1385 00:50:11,873 --> 00:50:12,874 ABOUT BUILDING A RELATIONSHIP 1386 00:50:12,874 --> 00:50:15,610 WITH THAT COMMUNITY AND HELPING 1387 00:50:15,610 --> 00:50:17,245 REALLY INVESTING IN THAT 1388 00:50:17,245 --> 00:50:19,781 COMMUNITY'S HEALTH AND RETURN TO 1389 00:50:19,781 --> 00:50:20,215 HEALTH. 1390 00:50:20,215 --> 00:50:22,483 AND SO IT MEANS FOR P.I.s 1391 00:50:22,483 --> 00:50:24,018 GETTING OUT INTO THE COMMUNITY. 1392 00:50:24,018 --> 00:50:26,287 ACTUALLY I THINK FOR DATA 1393 00:50:26,287 --> 00:50:27,488 SOVEREIGNTY PURPOSES IT MEANS 1394 00:50:27,488 --> 00:50:28,323 LITERALLY TALKING TO TRIBAL 1395 00:50:28,323 --> 00:50:31,859 COUNCIL ABOUT WHAT YOU'RE DOING. 1396 00:50:31,859 --> 00:50:34,529 AND, YOU KNOW, TO HAVE THAT FACE 1397 00:50:34,529 --> 00:50:36,464 TIME WITH COMMUNITY, THAT REALLY 1398 00:50:36,464 --> 00:50:36,698 MATTERS. 1399 00:50:36,698 --> 00:50:38,366 AND NOW A LOT OF COMMUNITIES 1400 00:50:38,366 --> 00:50:39,100 HAVE EVEN ZOOM. 1401 00:50:39,100 --> 00:50:40,969 SO THERE'S NO REASON YOU CAN'T 1402 00:50:40,969 --> 00:50:43,771 HAVE SOME KIND OF FACE TIME WITH 1403 00:50:43,771 --> 00:50:44,038 COMMUNITY. 1404 00:50:44,038 --> 00:50:45,573 THEY WANT TO GET TO KNOW YOU. 1405 00:50:45,573 --> 00:50:47,008 THEY WANT TO KNOW YOU'RE THERE 1406 00:50:47,008 --> 00:50:50,311 FOR THE COMMUNITY, NOT YOUR OWN 1407 00:50:50,311 --> 00:50:50,745 INTERESTS ONLY. 1408 00:50:50,745 --> 00:50:52,046 AND SO YOU'RE BUILDING A 1409 00:50:52,046 --> 00:50:52,380 RELATIONSHIP. 1410 00:50:52,380 --> 00:50:53,481 SO THAT'S NUMBER ONE. 1411 00:50:53,481 --> 00:50:56,351 I THINK BUILDING RELATIONSHIP IS 1412 00:50:56,351 --> 00:50:56,618 CRITICAL. 1413 00:50:56,618 --> 00:51:01,923 NUMBER TWO COMMUNITIES WANT TO 1414 00:51:01,923 --> 00:51:03,424 KNOW YOUR ETHICS, ARE YOU GOING 1415 00:51:03,424 --> 00:51:05,159 TO PUT YOUR BEST FOOT FORWARD 1416 00:51:05,159 --> 00:51:06,294 WITH RESPECT TO TREATING THEIR 1417 00:51:06,294 --> 00:51:08,663 COMMUNITY WITH RESPECT AND 1418 00:51:08,663 --> 00:51:10,131 HONORING THEIR PROTOCOLS AND 1419 00:51:10,131 --> 00:51:11,132 PRACTICES, AND THAT'S -- THAT'S 1420 00:51:11,132 --> 00:51:13,468 THE REASON WHY TO BE TRANSPARENT 1421 00:51:13,468 --> 00:51:15,370 UP FRONT TO SAY, HEY, WHAT ARE 1422 00:51:15,370 --> 00:51:16,404 YOUR DATA PROTOCOLS, HOW WOULD 1423 00:51:16,404 --> 00:51:18,539 YOU LIKE US TO HANDLE THIS, HOW 1424 00:51:18,539 --> 00:51:20,842 CAN WE BUILD THIS TOGETHER, AND 1425 00:51:20,842 --> 00:51:23,044 MAKING YOUR INTERESTS KNOWN UP 1426 00:51:23,044 --> 00:51:23,778 FRONT. 1427 00:51:23,778 --> 00:51:25,246 MY EXPERIENCE, I HAVE 30 YEARS 1428 00:51:25,246 --> 00:51:26,914 OF EXPERIENCE DOING RESEARCH IN 1429 00:51:26,914 --> 00:51:28,883 INDIAN COUNTRY AND I CAN SAY MY 1430 00:51:28,883 --> 00:51:29,851 EXPERIENCE HAS BEEN THAT WHEN 1431 00:51:29,851 --> 00:51:30,985 YOU'RE UP FRONT AND CLEAR AND 1432 00:51:30,985 --> 00:51:33,388 YOU SAY I WOULD LIKE TO PUBLISH, 1433 00:51:33,388 --> 00:51:36,157 PART OF THIS IS SHARING THE 1434 00:51:36,157 --> 00:51:37,725 INFORMATION WITH OTHER TRIBAL 1435 00:51:37,725 --> 00:51:38,493 COMMUNITIES AND SCIENTIFIC 1436 00:51:38,493 --> 00:51:40,862 COMMUNITIES, SO THAT WE CAN GET 1437 00:51:40,862 --> 00:51:42,297 MORE KNOWLEDGE OUT THERE, 1438 00:51:42,297 --> 00:51:42,897 BENEFIT OTHER COMMUNITIES, 1439 00:51:42,897 --> 00:51:44,032 TRIBES ARE OKAY WITH THAT 1440 00:51:44,032 --> 00:51:46,901 GENERALLY AS LONG AS WE TALK 1441 00:51:46,901 --> 00:51:48,569 ABOUT THAT. 1442 00:51:48,569 --> 00:51:50,305 YOU KNOW, OR BEING UP FRONT AND 1443 00:51:50,305 --> 00:51:52,607 SAYING THERE MIGHT BE SOME 1444 00:51:52,607 --> 00:51:53,741 QUESTIONS THAT ARISE LATER WITH 1445 00:51:53,741 --> 00:51:55,343 THAT DATA THAT WE'RE NOT 1446 00:51:55,343 --> 00:51:56,444 THINKING ABOUT NOW SO LET'S PUT 1447 00:51:56,444 --> 00:51:58,713 SOMETHING IN PLACE SO WE CAN 1448 00:51:58,713 --> 00:52:00,481 REVISIT THAT, YOU KNOW, AND MAKE 1449 00:52:00,481 --> 00:52:01,816 SURE THAT WE'RE TALKING WITH 1450 00:52:01,816 --> 00:52:04,385 EACH OTHER TO COME UP WITH THOSE 1451 00:52:04,385 --> 00:52:04,652 IDEAS. 1452 00:52:04,652 --> 00:52:06,454 SO, AGAIN, THAT'S PART OF 1453 00:52:06,454 --> 00:52:08,556 BUILDING THAT RELATIONSHIP AND 1454 00:52:08,556 --> 00:52:09,957 MAKING IT REALLY TRANSPARENT HOW 1455 00:52:09,957 --> 00:52:10,992 YOU'RE INTENDING TO USE DATA, 1456 00:52:10,992 --> 00:52:12,660 TRIBES WANT TO KNOW WHAT KIND OF 1457 00:52:12,660 --> 00:52:14,996 BENEFIT THIS HAS TO THEIR 1458 00:52:14,996 --> 00:52:16,964 COMMUNITY, NOT JUST TO YOU, OR 1459 00:52:16,964 --> 00:52:18,166 TO THE SCIENCE. 1460 00:52:18,166 --> 00:52:22,337 AND THEY WANT TO KNOW 1461 00:52:22,337 --> 00:52:24,405 ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, HOW CAN -- 1462 00:52:24,405 --> 00:52:26,374 IF IT'S AN INTERVENTION, LIKE A 1463 00:52:26,374 --> 00:52:28,543 CLINICAL TRIAL THAT, YOU KNOW, 1464 00:52:28,543 --> 00:52:30,311 NOT NECESSARILY LIKE A 1465 00:52:30,311 --> 00:52:34,582 BIOLOGICAL-BASED CLINICAL TRIAL 1466 00:52:34,582 --> 00:52:35,683 THEY WANT TO KNOW HOW IS THIS 1467 00:52:35,683 --> 00:52:38,052 GOING TO BE SUSTAINED IN OUR 1468 00:52:38,052 --> 00:52:40,221 COMMUNITY, HOW CAN WE MAKE THIS 1469 00:52:40,221 --> 00:52:40,922 SUSTAINABLE, THAT'S A GREAT 1470 00:52:40,922 --> 00:52:42,523 INTEREST IN NIH AS WELL. 1471 00:52:42,523 --> 00:52:44,492 SO QUITE OFTEN WE HAVE MUTUAL 1472 00:52:44,492 --> 00:52:44,759 INTERESTS. 1473 00:52:44,759 --> 00:52:45,860 IT'S JUST A MATTER OF 1474 00:52:45,860 --> 00:52:46,994 COMMUNICATING AND BUILDING THAT 1475 00:52:46,994 --> 00:52:47,328 RELATIONSHIP. 1476 00:52:47,328 --> 00:52:50,732 IF YOU NEED SUPPORT CALL OUR 1477 00:52:50,732 --> 00:52:50,965 OFFICE. 1478 00:52:50,965 --> 00:52:51,966 WE'RE HAPPY TO PROVIDE THAT 1479 00:52:51,966 --> 00:52:53,401 SUPPORT TO TALK IDEAS THROUGH 1480 00:52:53,401 --> 00:52:59,006 WITH FOLKS. 1481 00:52:59,006 --> 00:52:59,207 1482 00:52:59,207 --> 00:52:59,707 >> OKAY. 1483 00:52:59,707 --> 00:53:01,676 JONATHAN, IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING 1484 00:53:01,676 --> 00:53:03,978 TO ADD, FEEL FREE TO HOP IN 1485 00:53:03,978 --> 00:53:05,179 HERE. 1486 00:53:05,179 --> 00:53:05,646 >> SURE. 1487 00:53:05,646 --> 00:53:11,085 YOU KNOW, I ECHO WHAT KARINA HAS 1488 00:53:11,085 --> 00:53:12,053 SAID HERE. 1489 00:53:12,053 --> 00:53:14,021 I THINK WE WANT RESEARCHERS TO 1490 00:53:14,021 --> 00:53:15,690 SORT OF THINK ABOUT THIS FROM 1491 00:53:15,690 --> 00:53:16,924 THE VERY BEGINNING. 1492 00:53:16,924 --> 00:53:20,862 YOU KNOW, FROM WHEN THEY GET 1493 00:53:20,862 --> 00:53:22,130 THEIR -- FIRST GENERATE THE IDEA 1494 00:53:22,130 --> 00:53:25,466 BEFORE THE PROTOCOL COMES TO THE 1495 00:53:25,466 --> 00:53:26,701 IRB, THINK ABOUT, OKAY, WHO DO I 1496 00:53:26,701 --> 00:53:29,637 NEED TO ENGAGE TO BE MOST 1497 00:53:29,637 --> 00:53:32,206 SUCCESSFUL IN THIS RESEARCH, AND 1498 00:53:32,206 --> 00:53:33,775 SUCCESS DEFINED NOT JUST BY THE 1499 00:53:33,775 --> 00:53:34,842 RESEARCHER'S OWN INTERESTS BUT 1500 00:53:34,842 --> 00:53:37,178 FOR THE PROJECT AS A WHOLE IN 1501 00:53:37,178 --> 00:53:39,347 THE COMMUNITY IT'S BEING DONE 1502 00:53:39,347 --> 00:53:39,914 IN. 1503 00:53:39,914 --> 00:53:41,949 JUST LIKE, YOU KNOW, I THINK 1504 00:53:41,949 --> 00:53:45,620 THAT WE WOULD NEVER THINK IT WAS 1505 00:53:45,620 --> 00:53:46,254 OKAY, MOST RESEARCHERS 1506 00:53:46,254 --> 00:53:49,824 UNDERSTAND THAT I CAN'T GO TO 1507 00:53:49,824 --> 00:54:00,034 ANOTHER COUNTRY, I CAN'T GO TO 1508 00:54:00,034 --> 00:54:01,369 MALI OR ETHIOPIA WITHOUT 1509 00:54:01,369 --> 00:54:02,336 CONTACTING SOMEBODY THERE AND 1510 00:54:02,336 --> 00:54:03,404 UNDERSTANDING THE CONTEXT IN 1511 00:54:03,404 --> 00:54:04,839 WHICH THE PEOPLE LIVE AND 1512 00:54:04,839 --> 00:54:06,274 CULTURES AND VALUES AS WELL AS 1513 00:54:06,274 --> 00:54:08,776 LEGAL RESTRICTIONS THAT MIGHT BE 1514 00:54:08,776 --> 00:54:09,977 IN PLACE. 1515 00:54:09,977 --> 00:54:12,146 AND SO THAT'S A VERY FAMILIAR 1516 00:54:12,146 --> 00:54:14,582 THING. 1517 00:54:14,582 --> 00:54:15,817 AND I THINK SIMILARLY, THAT'S 1518 00:54:15,817 --> 00:54:18,252 HOW WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT DOING 1519 00:54:18,252 --> 00:54:20,855 RESEARCH IN THE TRIBAL 1520 00:54:20,855 --> 00:54:22,223 COMMUNITIES. 1521 00:54:22,223 --> 00:54:22,890 IT BECOMES HARDER TO 1522 00:54:22,890 --> 00:54:23,791 CONCEPTUALIZE SOMETIMES BECAUSE 1523 00:54:23,791 --> 00:54:26,160 IT'S A NATION WITHIN THE NATION, 1524 00:54:26,160 --> 00:54:26,360 RIGHT? 1525 00:54:26,360 --> 00:54:27,595 THE BORDERS ARE BLURRIER. 1526 00:54:27,595 --> 00:54:29,831 BUT IT'S THE SAME IDEA. 1527 00:54:29,831 --> 00:54:33,067 WE WANT TO GET THE INPUT OF THE 1528 00:54:33,067 --> 00:54:33,601 COMMUNITY TO UNDERSTAND. 1529 00:54:33,601 --> 00:54:35,203 I THINK, YOU KNOW, ONE OF THE 1530 00:54:35,203 --> 00:54:36,571 FEARS I HEAR FROM RESEARCHERS IS 1531 00:54:36,571 --> 00:54:38,039 OH MY GOSH, THIS IS SO 1532 00:54:38,039 --> 00:54:39,273 BURDENSOME AND IT WILL TAKE SO 1533 00:54:39,273 --> 00:54:43,010 LONG I'LL NEVER BE ABLE TO EVEN 1534 00:54:43,010 --> 00:54:44,011 START MY STUDY. 1535 00:54:44,011 --> 00:54:47,515 AND IT WILL TAKE TIME UP FRONT. 1536 00:54:47,515 --> 00:54:48,716 BUT PAYOFFS IN THE LONG RUN I 1537 00:54:48,716 --> 00:54:52,320 THINK WILL BE SO MUCH GREATER. 1538 00:54:52,320 --> 00:54:55,256 AND I ASSURE YOU FROM EXPERIENCE 1539 00:54:55,256 --> 00:54:56,724 THAT THE TIME YOU SPEND UP FRONT 1540 00:54:56,724 --> 00:54:58,493 IF YOU DON'T SPEND IT UP FRONT 1541 00:54:58,493 --> 00:55:00,761 THE PAIN AND TIME ON THE BACK 1542 00:55:00,761 --> 00:55:05,166 END WILL BE THOUSANDS OF TIMES 1543 00:55:05,166 --> 00:55:07,301 MORE FROM FAILING TO DO THAT UP 1544 00:55:07,301 --> 00:55:08,336 FRONT TIME AND INVESTMENT. 1545 00:55:08,336 --> 00:55:11,005 IT WILL PAY OFF. 1546 00:55:11,005 --> 00:55:13,474 YOU BUILD THOSE RELATIONSHIPS. 1547 00:55:13,474 --> 00:55:15,009 AND THEN YOU'LL HAVE -- THEY 1548 00:55:15,009 --> 00:55:16,043 WILL BE THERE. 1549 00:55:16,043 --> 00:55:17,078 THEY WILL BE ESTABLISHED. 1550 00:55:17,078 --> 00:55:22,917 AND YOUR NEXT STUDY WILL GO MUCH 1551 00:55:22,917 --> 00:55:23,150 QUICKER. 1552 00:55:23,150 --> 00:55:23,351 SO -- 1553 00:55:23,351 --> 00:55:24,719 >> YEAH, THERE MAY BE BUMPS IN 1554 00:55:24,719 --> 00:55:26,554 THE ROAD BUT, YOU KNOW, I MEAN 1555 00:55:26,554 --> 00:55:27,522 IT'S RESEARCH. 1556 00:55:27,522 --> 00:55:29,357 WE'VE ALL HIT BUMPS IN THE ROAD 1557 00:55:29,357 --> 00:55:33,561 WHEN WE'VE DONE SOME RESEARCH. 1558 00:55:33,561 --> 00:55:34,996 THE BOTTOM LINE TRIBES WANT THE 1559 00:55:34,996 --> 00:55:36,097 DATA. 1560 00:55:36,097 --> 00:55:36,931 THEY NEED TO HAVE SOME 1561 00:55:36,931 --> 00:55:39,767 INFORMATION TO BE ABLE TO MAKE 1562 00:55:39,767 --> 00:55:41,335 HELPFUL DECISIONS FOR THEIR 1563 00:55:41,335 --> 00:55:41,769 COMMUNITIES. 1564 00:55:41,769 --> 00:55:43,404 AND SO THEY ARE ALSO INVESTED IN 1565 00:55:43,404 --> 00:55:48,609 THIS AS A RESOURCE FOR COMMUNITY 1566 00:55:48,609 --> 00:55:50,211 AS WELL. 1567 00:55:50,211 --> 00:55:51,546 AND JUST THERE'S JUSTIFIABLE 1568 00:55:51,546 --> 00:55:53,848 MISTRUST, IT TAKES TIME TO BUILD 1569 00:55:53,848 --> 00:55:54,582 THAT TRUST. 1570 00:55:54,582 --> 00:55:55,883 THE MORE TRANSPARENT PEOPLE ARE, 1571 00:55:55,883 --> 00:56:02,990 THE MORE CLEAR THEY ARE UP 1572 00:56:02,990 --> 00:56:10,264 FRONT, OWNING THAT IF A MISTAKE 1573 00:56:10,264 --> 00:56:11,198 IS MADE, MY EXPERIENCE IS THAT 1574 00:56:11,198 --> 00:56:14,302 LEADS TO A BETTER PARTNERSHIP. 1575 00:56:14,302 --> 00:56:16,237 AS JONATHAN SAID DOING IT UP 1576 00:56:16,237 --> 00:56:17,271 FRONT SAVES HEADACHES IN THE 1577 00:56:17,271 --> 00:56:19,740 END, IF SOMETHING GOES AWRY DOWN 1578 00:56:19,740 --> 00:56:21,275 THE LINE BECAUSE YOU HADN'T 1579 00:56:21,275 --> 00:56:22,610 ESTABLISHED THOSE PROTOCOLS UP 1580 00:56:22,610 --> 00:56:27,515 FRONT AND THAT'S WHERE THE 1581 00:56:27,515 --> 00:56:27,949 MISCOMMUNICATION AND 1582 00:56:27,949 --> 00:56:28,983 MISUNDERSTANDINGS HAPPEN. 1583 00:56:28,983 --> 00:56:29,617 >> HOPEFULLY A QUICK QUESTION 1584 00:56:29,617 --> 00:56:31,586 BECAUSE I THINK WE WANT TO HEAR 1585 00:56:31,586 --> 00:56:35,022 ABOUT THE RABBIT AND THE BEAR 1586 00:56:35,022 --> 00:56:38,392 STORY BEFORE YOU LEAVE. 1587 00:56:38,392 --> 00:56:39,694 SO WHAT INFRASTRUCTURE CHANGES 1588 00:56:39,694 --> 00:56:40,795 SHOULD NIH FUND DATA REPOSITORY 1589 00:56:40,795 --> 00:56:43,731 CONSIDER SUCH AS DATA STANDARDS, 1590 00:56:43,731 --> 00:56:44,865 DATA SECURITY PROTECTION VIA 1591 00:56:44,865 --> 00:56:46,801 CONTROLLED ACCESS TO WORK TOWARD 1592 00:56:46,801 --> 00:56:50,471 TRUST WITH THE AI/AN 1593 00:56:50,471 --> 00:56:51,105 COMMUNITIES. 1594 00:56:51,105 --> 00:56:52,607 >> THAT'S GREAT, EXCELLENT 1595 00:56:52,607 --> 00:56:56,577 QUESTION, TOO LONG FOR FOUR 1596 00:56:56,577 --> 00:56:57,244 MINUTES OR LEST. 1597 00:56:57,244 --> 00:56:59,647 I THINK DATA REPOSITORIES ARE 1598 00:56:59,647 --> 00:57:02,049 NEW TO NATIVE COUNTRY, MANY 1599 00:57:02,049 --> 00:57:03,184 COMMUNITIES ARE NEEDING TO 1600 00:57:03,184 --> 00:57:06,887 REALLY THINK IT THROUGH ABOUT, 1601 00:57:06,887 --> 00:57:09,123 WELL, WE HAVE AN EXCELLENT ONE 1602 00:57:09,123 --> 00:57:10,725 IN ALASKA AND OTHER ONES BUT 1603 00:57:10,725 --> 00:57:12,026 TRIBES NEED TO THINK ABOUT WHAT 1604 00:57:12,026 --> 00:57:14,996 KIND OF ACCESS DO THEY WANT, HOW 1605 00:57:14,996 --> 00:57:21,535 DO THEY WANT THE DATA TO BE 1606 00:57:21,535 --> 00:57:23,404 ASSURED DATA WILL BE USED 1607 00:57:23,404 --> 00:57:24,005 PROPERLY, WHO WILL STEWARD, 1608 00:57:24,005 --> 00:57:25,606 THIRD PARTY OR TRIBE ITSELF, 1609 00:57:25,606 --> 00:57:27,008 THERE'S ALL KINDS OF QUESTIONS 1610 00:57:27,008 --> 00:57:29,143 TRIBES HAVE ABOUT TAKING ON SOME 1611 00:57:29,143 --> 00:57:33,280 RESPONSIBILITIES BUT I DO THINK 1612 00:57:33,280 --> 00:57:34,782 TRIBES ARE INTERESTED IN 1613 00:57:34,782 --> 00:57:36,751 ENSURING THEIR DATA IS SAFE. 1614 00:57:36,751 --> 00:57:39,754 AND FIGURING OUT A WAY THAT THEY 1615 00:57:39,754 --> 00:57:40,821 CAN STILL HAVE -- PEOPLE CAN 1616 00:57:40,821 --> 00:57:43,290 HAVE ACCESS IN A WAY THAT 1617 00:57:43,290 --> 00:57:44,091 ENSURES WELL-BEING AND ECONOMIC 1618 00:57:44,091 --> 00:57:45,459 AND SECURITY OF THE TRIBE AS 1619 00:57:45,459 --> 00:57:46,093 WELL. 1620 00:57:46,093 --> 00:57:49,563 JUST LIKE WE HAVE DATA SECURITY 1621 00:57:49,563 --> 00:57:54,402 PRACTICES FOR THE UNITED STATES 1622 00:57:54,402 --> 00:57:54,602 TOO. 1623 00:57:54,602 --> 00:57:56,003 YEAH, AGAIN, WE'RE OPEN AT THE 1624 00:57:56,003 --> 00:57:57,772 TRIBAL HEALTH RESERVE OFFICE TO 1625 00:57:57,772 --> 00:57:58,839 ANSWER ANY OF THOSE QUESTIONS. 1626 00:57:58,839 --> 00:58:00,374 IF YOU WANT ME TO SHARE THAT 1627 00:58:00,374 --> 00:58:04,245 STORY I CAN DO IT BRIEFLY. 1628 00:58:04,245 --> 00:58:04,545 >> GREAT. 1629 00:58:04,545 --> 00:58:07,581 >> WE HAVE A LOT OF STORIES, WE 1630 00:58:07,581 --> 00:58:10,284 HAVE A LOT OF TEACHINGS COME OUT 1631 00:58:10,284 --> 00:58:11,886 OF ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS THAT 1632 00:58:11,886 --> 00:58:13,187 ARE EMBEDDED EVEN IN CHILDREN'S 1633 00:58:13,187 --> 00:58:14,055 STORIES OR DIFFERENT STORIES 1634 00:58:14,055 --> 00:58:16,123 THAT TELL US HOW TO LIVE AND HOW 1635 00:58:16,123 --> 00:58:17,892 TO RESOLVE CONFLICT AND DEAL 1636 00:58:17,892 --> 00:58:18,926 WITH THINGS. 1637 00:58:18,926 --> 00:58:22,563 THIS ONE IS CALLED THE -- IT'S A 1638 00:58:22,563 --> 00:58:24,465 VERSION CALLED THE BUNGLING 1639 00:58:24,465 --> 00:58:26,434 HOST, A CHOCTAW SOUTHEASTERN 1640 00:58:26,434 --> 00:58:27,301 TRIBAL STORY, THERE'S 1641 00:58:27,301 --> 00:58:28,402 VARIATIONS. 1642 00:58:28,402 --> 00:58:32,206 BASICALLY LONG TIME AGO, ONE DAY 1643 00:58:32,206 --> 00:58:33,708 BEAR NOTICED RABBIT WAS REALLY 1644 00:58:33,708 --> 00:58:33,908 SICK. 1645 00:58:33,908 --> 00:58:35,743 HE WAS JUST REALLY WORRIED ABOUT 1646 00:58:35,743 --> 00:58:36,310 RABBIT. 1647 00:58:36,310 --> 00:58:38,079 HE INVITED RABBIT OVER. 1648 00:58:38,079 --> 00:58:42,283 BEAR, YOU HAVE TO KNOW HAS GREAT 1649 00:58:42,283 --> 00:58:42,550 MEDICINE. 1650 00:58:42,550 --> 00:58:44,852 BEAR KNOWS HOW TO WORK WITH FIRE 1651 00:58:44,852 --> 00:58:46,821 AND FIRE IS LITERALLY CREATED ON 1652 00:58:46,821 --> 00:58:48,956 EARTH, HE'S VERY SACRED. 1653 00:58:48,956 --> 00:58:50,991 RABBIT CAME OVER TO HAVE SOME 1654 00:58:50,991 --> 00:58:51,959 FOOD AT BEAR'S HOUSE BECAUSE 1655 00:58:51,959 --> 00:58:54,628 BEAR WANTED TO FEED HIM BECAUSE 1656 00:58:54,628 --> 00:58:56,797 HE KNEW RABBIT WASN'T DOING 1657 00:58:56,797 --> 00:58:56,997 WELL. 1658 00:58:56,997 --> 00:58:58,999 RABBIT GOT THERE EARLY AND SPIED 1659 00:58:58,999 --> 00:59:00,301 BEAR GETTING READY CREATING HIS 1660 00:59:00,301 --> 00:59:02,136 POT OF SOUP. 1661 00:59:02,136 --> 00:59:04,472 HE NOTICED BEAR CUT HIMSELF OPEN 1662 00:59:04,472 --> 00:59:06,941 AND SAID A PRAYER AND THEN 1663 00:59:06,941 --> 00:59:09,310 PULLED SOME OF HIS BEAR FAT OUT 1664 00:59:09,310 --> 00:59:12,480 AND ADDED IT TO THE SOUP. 1665 00:59:12,480 --> 00:59:13,914 AND SO RABBIT THOUGHT THAT WAS 1666 00:59:13,914 --> 00:59:14,548 INTERESTING. 1667 00:59:14,548 --> 00:59:17,918 AND SO RABBIT ATE THE SOUP AND 1668 00:59:17,918 --> 00:59:18,552 GOT WELL. 1669 00:59:18,552 --> 00:59:19,854 HE HEALED FROM THAT SOUP 1670 00:59:19,854 --> 00:59:20,788 EXPERIENCE. 1671 00:59:20,788 --> 00:59:21,856 SO ONE DAY RABBIT DECIDED HE WAS 1672 00:59:21,856 --> 00:59:24,725 GOING TO RETURN THE FAVOR TO 1673 00:59:24,725 --> 00:59:24,925 BEAR. 1674 00:59:24,925 --> 00:59:26,427 BUT RABBIT BEING RABBIT WHO 1675 00:59:26,427 --> 00:59:28,629 DOESN'T PAY ATTENTION TO 1676 00:59:28,629 --> 00:59:29,497 PROTOCOL AND DOESN'T UNDERSTAND 1677 00:59:29,497 --> 00:59:31,499 HOW TO PREPARE MEDICINE IN THAT 1678 00:59:31,499 --> 00:59:32,566 WAY DECIDED THAT HE'S GOING TO 1679 00:59:32,566 --> 00:59:34,068 DO THE SAME THING. 1680 00:59:34,068 --> 00:59:35,002 HE INVITED BEAR OVER. 1681 00:59:35,002 --> 00:59:37,371 SURE ENOUGH WHAT DID RABBIT DO? 1682 00:59:37,371 --> 00:59:39,140 HE CUT HIMSELF OPEN AND BLED OUT 1683 00:59:39,140 --> 00:59:40,241 ALL OVER THE PLACE AND BEAR IS 1684 00:59:40,241 --> 00:59:41,308 LIKE WHAT ARE YOU DOING? 1685 00:59:41,308 --> 00:59:42,743 YOU DIDN'T FOLLOW THE PROTOCOLS 1686 00:59:42,743 --> 00:59:44,945 ABOUT HOW TO DO THE MEDICINE 1687 00:59:44,945 --> 00:59:45,146 RIGHT. 1688 00:59:45,146 --> 00:59:47,648 AND HE SAID, NO, WE NEED TO GET 1689 00:59:47,648 --> 00:59:48,249 THE DOCTOR! 1690 00:59:48,249 --> 00:59:49,884 ONE OF THE GREAT DOCTORS DURING 1691 00:59:49,884 --> 00:59:52,253 THAT PERIOD WAS BUZZARD. 1692 00:59:52,253 --> 00:59:54,722 BUZZARD BACK THEN WAS ACTUALLY A 1693 00:59:54,722 --> 00:59:56,657 GREAT DOCTOR. 1694 00:59:56,657 --> 01:00:00,060 SO THEY WENT AND BEAR GATHERED 1695 01:00:00,060 --> 01:00:02,062 BUZZARD, ANIMALS SAID QUICK, 1696 01:00:02,062 --> 01:00:03,564 HELP RABBIT, HE'S BLEEDING OUT. 1697 01:00:03,564 --> 01:00:06,000 HE APPROACHED THE MEDICINE THE 1698 01:00:06,000 --> 01:00:08,035 WRONG WAY, THOUGHT HE COULD CUT 1699 01:00:08,035 --> 01:00:10,604 HIMSELF AND NOW HARMED HIMSELF. 1700 01:00:10,604 --> 01:00:12,740 BUZZARD SAID WE'LL HAVE A 1701 01:00:12,740 --> 01:00:14,375 CEREMONY FOR FOUR DAYS, BUILD A 1702 01:00:14,375 --> 01:00:16,944 FIRE, LEAVE ME ALONE, I'LL JUST 1703 01:00:16,944 --> 01:00:18,913 MAKE SURE THAT I'LL PUT FIRE AND 1704 01:00:18,913 --> 01:00:21,081 MAKE SURE THE SMOKE GOES THROUGH 1705 01:00:21,081 --> 01:00:21,348 THE STACK. 1706 01:00:21,348 --> 01:00:24,351 FOR DAYS YOU CAN COME IN AND 1707 01:00:24,351 --> 01:00:26,420 HELP -- RABBIT SHOULD BE FINE. 1708 01:00:26,420 --> 01:00:33,093 EVERYONE WAITED FOR FOUR DAYS 1709 01:00:33,093 --> 01:00:34,595 WHILE BUZZARD CONDUCTED HIS 1710 01:00:34,595 --> 01:00:35,196 CEREMONY. 1711 01:00:35,196 --> 01:00:37,932 SOMETHING HAPPENED THAT SHIFTED. 1712 01:00:37,932 --> 01:00:40,334 BUZZARD GOT GREEDY. 1713 01:00:40,334 --> 01:00:41,235 SURE ENOUGH, WHAT HAPPENED WAS 1714 01:00:41,235 --> 01:00:43,003 FOUR DAYS LATER THEY OPENED UP 1715 01:00:43,003 --> 01:00:45,873 THE DOOR AND THERE WERE A PILE 1716 01:00:45,873 --> 01:00:47,341 OF BONES. 1717 01:00:47,341 --> 01:00:50,010 BUZZARD HAD EATEN RABBIT. 1718 01:00:50,010 --> 01:00:52,346 AND BEAR WAS HORRIFIED. 1719 01:00:52,346 --> 01:00:54,748 ALL ANIMALS WERE UPSET THAT 1720 01:00:54,748 --> 01:00:57,084 BUZZARD HAD NOT DONE HIS DUTY, 1721 01:00:57,084 --> 01:00:58,652 HE GOT GREEDY AS A DOCTOR, SO 1722 01:00:58,652 --> 01:01:00,721 THEY GATHERED ALL THE ANIMALS 1723 01:01:00,721 --> 01:01:04,792 AND WENT AND HUNTED FOR BUZZARD. 1724 01:01:04,792 --> 01:01:07,061 BEAR CAUGHT BUZZARD. 1725 01:01:07,061 --> 01:01:09,597 BEAR BUILT A SACRED FIRE, WAS 1726 01:01:09,597 --> 01:01:12,499 ABOUT TO OFFER BUZZARD TO THE 1727 01:01:12,499 --> 01:01:14,068 FIRE FOR THAT TRANSGRESSION AND 1728 01:01:14,068 --> 01:01:16,704 NOW YOU KNOW HOW BUZZARD GOT HIS 1729 01:01:16,704 --> 01:01:18,372 HEAD ALL BURNED UP LIKE THAT. 1730 01:01:18,372 --> 01:01:22,076 BEAR HELD HIM OVER THAT FIRE. 1731 01:01:22,076 --> 01:01:26,380 BUZZARD SAID WHAT CAN I DO TO 1732 01:01:26,380 --> 01:01:26,981 MAKE THINGS RIGHT? 1733 01:01:26,981 --> 01:01:28,482 BEAR BROUGHT HIM AWAY FROM THE 1734 01:01:28,482 --> 01:01:29,850 FIRE AND SET HIM UP AND SAID, 1735 01:01:29,850 --> 01:01:32,019 OKAY, THIS IS WHAT WE'LL DO. 1736 01:01:32,019 --> 01:01:33,921 FROM THIS DAY FORWARD, BUZZARD, 1737 01:01:33,921 --> 01:01:36,690 YOU ARE NOW GOING TO BE NO 1738 01:01:36,690 --> 01:01:38,592 LONGER A DOCTOR, YOU'RE GOING TO 1739 01:01:38,592 --> 01:01:40,261 BE OUR PUBLIC HEALTH SERVANT. 1740 01:01:40,261 --> 01:01:41,962 YOU'RE IN CHARGE OF TAKING CARE 1741 01:01:41,962 --> 01:01:43,597 OF PREVENTING DISEASE BY EATING 1742 01:01:43,597 --> 01:01:47,001 ALL OF THE DEAD THAT ARE 1743 01:01:47,001 --> 01:01:48,569 SURROUNDING ALL THE AREA. 1744 01:01:48,569 --> 01:01:50,504 THAT'S YOUR JOB. 1745 01:01:50,504 --> 01:01:51,772 AND THAT'S THE WAY YOU CAN 1746 01:01:51,772 --> 01:01:53,274 ALWAYS GIVE BACK TO MAKE SURE WE 1747 01:01:53,274 --> 01:01:58,145 HAVE THINGS RIGHT FROM THIS DAY 1748 01:01:58,145 --> 01:01:58,379 FORWARD. 1749 01:01:58,379 --> 01:02:00,347 THAT'S A CHOCTAW STORY. 1750 01:02:00,347 --> 01:02:02,616 >> HOW BUZZARD GOT HIS JOB. 1751 01:02:02,616 --> 01:02:04,318 >> YES, A REMINDER WE NEED TO 1752 01:02:04,318 --> 01:02:06,921 NOT GET GREEDY IN OUR ROLE BUT 1753 01:02:06,921 --> 01:02:10,157 THERE'S ALSO OPPORTUNITIES FOR 1754 01:02:10,157 --> 01:02:11,358 REPARATIONS WHEN THINGS GO 1755 01:02:11,358 --> 01:02:12,726 WRONG. 1756 01:02:12,726 --> 01:02:13,827 ALSO THERE'S REASONS THERE'S 1757 01:02:13,827 --> 01:02:15,462 PROTOCOLS AND THINGS IN PLACE WE 1758 01:02:15,462 --> 01:02:16,230 NEED TO HONOR. 1759 01:02:16,230 --> 01:02:17,731 THAT'S JUST A TAKEAWAY FOR 1760 01:02:17,731 --> 01:02:17,932 TODAY. 1761 01:02:17,932 --> 01:02:19,733 >> THANK YOU FOR SHARING THAT. 1762 01:02:19,733 --> 01:02:21,835 WE APPRECIATE YOUR JOINING US 1763 01:02:21,835 --> 01:02:22,036 TODAY. 1764 01:02:22,036 --> 01:02:24,738 I DO WANT FOLKS TO KNOW THERE 1765 01:02:24,738 --> 01:02:27,274 WILL NOT BE AN OHS ORP EDUCATION 1766 01:02:27,274 --> 01:02:29,343 SERIES SESSION IN JANUARY BUT 1767 01:02:29,343 --> 01:02:32,813 FEBRUARY SPEAKER WILL BE DR. 1768 01:02:32,813 --> 01:02:33,847 KARA PARKER, DIRECTOR OF 1769 01:02:33,847 --> 01:02:35,015 MINORITY RESEARCH OFFICE. 1770 01:02:35,015 --> 01:02:37,952 THAT WILL BE ON THURSDAY, 1771 01:02:37,952 --> 01:02:41,255 FEBRUARY 6, 3 TO 4, VIA NIH 1772 01:02:41,255 --> 01:02:41,522 VIDEOCAST. 1773 01:02:41,522 --> 01:02:43,390 I'LL SEND OUT AN ANNOUNCEMENT AS 1774 01:02:43,390 --> 01:02:45,159 I USUALLY DO. 1775 01:02:45,159 --> 01:02:47,895 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 1776 01:02:47,895 --> 01:02:48,729 WE GREAT EYE APPRECIATE YOUR 1777 01:02:48,729 --> 01:02:49,530 JOINING US TODAY. 1778 01:02:49,530 --> 01:02:52,099 >> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME. 1779 01:02:52,099 --> 01:02:52,399 >> THANKS. 1780 01:02:52,399 --> 01:03:02,399 BYE.