SOMEBODY COULD TAKE THEIR SEATS
AND IF SOMEBODY COULD STEP OUT
AND SEE IF THERE'S PEOPLE IN THE
COFFEE ROOM, ASK THEM TO COME IN
AS WELL.
>> OKAY.
YESTERDAY AFTERNOON COMING BACK
FROM THE BREAKS WHEN DID I THIS
EVERYONE JUST UNIFORMLY IGNORED
ME AND A KIND OF KEPT TALKING SO
I'M VERY APPRECIATIVE.
DAY TWO OF AA CHILD ADOLESCENT
WORKSHOP AND AN APPRECIATE
EVERYONE BEING HERE ON DAY TWO.
DAY ONE WAS SO RICH AND I
UNDERSTAND THE DISCUSSIONS
CONTINUED EVEN PAST THE END OF
THE WORKSHOP YESTERDAY.
THAT'S PART WHAT WE BRING
EVERYONE TO DO IS NETWORK SO
THAT'S WONDERFUL.
WE WELCOME EVERYONE ATTENDING
VIRTUALLY AND CALLING YOUR
ATTENTION TO THE FACT YOU CAN
THROUGH THE Q&A BUTTON IF YOU
ARE ATTENDING ON THE ZOOM SUBMIT
QUESTIONS AND WE ARE MONITORING
THOSE.
WE'LL BE DOING THOSE DURING THE
TWO DISCUSSION SESSIONS WE HAVE.
FINALLY, FOR THOSE WHO ARE
REMOTE ATTENDEES, I WANT TO CALL
ATTENTION TO THE FACT WE'RE
DOING A WORKING LUNCH STARTING
AT NOON THAT WILL NOT BE VIRTUAL
BUT WE ASK YOU TO COME OUT IF
YOU'RE A VIRTUAL ATTENDEE, COME
BACK AT 1:15 BECAUSE WE'LL HAVE
A REPORT OUT AND DISCUSSION
BETWEEN 1:15 AND 2:00 WHEN WE
ADJOURN.
WITH THAT, TWO HOUSEKEEPING AND
I'LL MODEL THE BEHAVIOR, PLEASE,
AS I'M GOING TO DO RIGHT NOW,
MUTE OR TURN OFF YOUR CELL PHONE
OR OTHER DEVICES.
SECOND, ESPECIALLY IF YOU
WEREN'T HERE YESTERDAY, REST
ROOMS, BACK OUT THE CORRIDOR YOU
CAME AND GO AROUND THE SECURITY
DESK AND REST ROOMS ARE RIGHT
THERE.
WITHOUT FURTHER ADO I'LL
INTRODUCE FIRST MYSELF.
I DON'T THINK I DID THAT
YESTERDAY NECESSARILY THOUGH I
THINK JULIA DID FOR ME.
I'M DR. JIM GRIFFIN THE CHIEF OF
THE CHILD DEVELOPMENT BRANCH OF
THE EUNICE KENNEDY SCHRIEVER AND
OVERLOOK EARLY LARGE AND SCHOOL
READINESS AND LOOK ONLINE ON OUR
WEBSITE FOR OUR BRANCH WE DID A
WORKSHOP IN 2018 SPECIFICALLY
ADDRESSING EARLY CHILDHOOD AND
EXPOSURE AND USAGE TO TECHNOLOGY
AND DIGITAL MEDIA AND I THINK
THAT DOVETAILS NICELY INTO THE
WORKSHOP AND OTHER EFFORTS SINCE
THEN.
WITH THAT I'LL INTRODUCE THE
CO-CHAIR OF THE WORKSHOP,
DR. JULIA ZEHR WHO WILL THEN
MAKE INTRODUCTIONS FOR THE REST
OF OUR SPEAKERS.
JULIA?
>> THANK YOU, WELCOME AGAIN TO
DAY TWO.
I WAS SO EXCITED YESTERDAY TO
HAVE SUCH RICH DISCUSSION AND TO
HAVE EVERYBODY CONTRIBUTING TO
THE CONVERSATION.
IT'S MY PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE
DR. SHELLY AVENEVOLI AND SEEKS
TO UNDERSTAND MENTAL ILLNESS
PAVING THE WAY FOR PREVENTION,
RECOVERY AND CARE.
SHE'S SERVED IN A VARIETY OF
CAPACITIES AND CONTRIBUTED S
SIGNIFICANT EFFORTS ON YOUTH
MENTAL HEALTH AND SUICIDE
PREVENTION.
AS DEPUTY DIRECTOR SHE OVERSEES
THE RESEARCH PORTFOLIO COVERING
THE FULL RANGE OF THE SCIENTIFIC
CONTINUUM FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO
INTERVENTION RESEARCH AND THE
BREADTH OF MENTAL DISORDERS.
SHE RECEIVED HER Ph.D. IN
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY FROM
TEMPLE AND COMPLETED A
POSTDOCTORAL SCHOLARSHIP AT
HARVARD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF
MEDICINE.
SHELLI.
>> GOOD MORNING.
WHAT A LOVELY WELCOME.
THIS IS A TOPIC NEAR AND DEAR TO
MY HEART.
I'VE BEEN LOOKING FORWARD TO
THIS WORKSHOP FOR A LONG TIME.
LET ME FIRST CONGRATULATE JULIA
AND JIM ON A FANTASTIC WORKSHOP
SO FAR.
ORGANIZING THIS A LOT OF EFFORT
WENT INTO THIS.
I WANT TO THANK MY COLLEAGUES AT
NICHD AND ALL YOUR TEAMS FOR A
FANTASTIC AND MEANINGFUL
PARTNERSHIP IN THIS EFFORT.
IT MAKES SO MUCH SENSE WE DO
THIS WORK TOGETHER TO UNDERSTAND
THE HARMS AND BENEFITS OF
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA
USE.
TO ALL IN PERSON OR ONLINE I
EXTEND A WARM WELCOME TO DAY 2
AND EXPRESS MY SINCERE
APPRECIATION WE APPRECIATE YOU
BEING HERE AND PUTTING EFFORTS
TOWARDS THIS EVENT.
I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE WE HAD
MORE THAN 1,000 REGISTRANTS
ONLINE.
IT SHOWS THE SHEER INTEREST AND
IMPORTANCE OF THIS TOPIC.
I ALSO WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE
SENATORS YESTERDAY AND PASSING
THE CAMERA ACT AND MY AIM IS
THAT NIH IS DEDICATED TO
SUPPORTING THE RESEARCH TO
UNDERSTAND THE HARMS AND
BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY AND
DIGITAL MEDIA USE.
WE HAVE BEGUN SOME WORK.
WE HAD TWO ROUNDS OF REQUEST FOR
APPLICATION UNDERSTANDING
BI-DIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND
ADOLESCENTS.
WE ALREADY PAVED SOME OF THOSE
GRANTS AND WILL SOON BE
REVIEWING THE SECOND ROUND OF
APPLICATIONS.
WHAT WE WANT TO HEAR IS WHERE TO
GO NEXT.
WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANT THINGS TO
CONSIDER FOR THE NEXT ROUND OF
FUNDING IN THIS AREA.
AT NIMHD WE HOPE TO UNDERSTAND
THE FACTORS OR MECHANISMS THAT
EXPLAIN WHY TECHNOLOGY AND
DIGITAL MEDIA USE IS HARMFUL FOR
SOME AND CAN BE BENEFICIAL FOR
OTHERS.
ULTIMATELY, WHAT WE REALLY WANT
IS TO UNDERSTAND AND IDENTIFY
WAYS IN WHICH TECHNOLOGIES CAN
BE LEVERAGED TO SUPPORT MENTAL
HEALTH AND HEALTHY CHILD
DEVELOPMENT.
THAT'S OUR ULTIMATE GOAL.
SO, SO FAR I'VE EN JOINED WHAT
I'VE SEEN ONLINE AND WANT TO
HEAR THE NEXT BEST STEPS FOR
FUTURE RESEARCH.
WITHOUT FURTHER ADO I WANT TO
INTRODUCE MY COLLEAGUE,
DR. DIANA BIANCHI.
AS DIRECTOR OF NICHD, SHE
OVERSEES THE INSTITUTE'S
RESEARCH ON PEDIATRIC HEALTH AND
DEVELOPMENT, MATERNAL HEALTH
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND
DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY AND
REHABILITATION MEDICINE AMONG
OTHER AREAS.
THIS INCLUDES MANAGING A STAFF
OF APPROXIMATELY 1400 PEOPLE AND
ANNUAL BUDGET OF APPROXIMATELY
$1.5 BILLION.
DR. BIANCHI RECEIVED HER B.A.
MAGNUM CUM LAUDE AND M.D. FROM
STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF
MEDICINE AND COMPLETED HER
RESIDENCY AT THE CHILDREN'S
HOSPITAL BOSTON AND TRAINING IN
MEDICAL GENETICS AND NEONATAL
MEDICINE IN HARVARD AND BOARD
CERTIFIED AND HAS BEEN
PRACTICING MEDICAL GENETICISTS
IN GENOMICS.
OVER TO YOU.
>> THANK YOU FOR THE WONDERFUL
INTRODUCTION.
I'M SORRY I CAN'T BE IN PERSON
AND I'M IN A ROOM THAT DOESN'T
HAVE A SHADE BUT WE'RE HAPPY TO
SEE THE SUN AFTER SUCH A BIG
STORM THIS WEEK.
I WANT TO EXTEND MY WELCOME TO
EVERYBODY HERE.
THIS IS TERRIFIC WE'VE GOTTEN
SUCH GREAT REGISTRATION,
ATTENDANCE AND ENGAGEMENT.
I WANT TO THANK YOU ALL FOR
JOINING AND SHARING YOUR IDEAS
AND PERSPECTIVES ON THIS CRUCIAL
TOPIC FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND
ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH.
I WANT TO THANK ALL THE NIMHD
STAFF, NICHD STAFF WHO WORKED SO
HARD TO MAKE THIS WORKSHOP A
REALITY.
GIVEN THE PROBLEMS OF TECHNOLOGY
AND DIGITAL MEDIA USE BY
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS,
PARENTS, TEACHERS, PRACTITIONERS
AND POLICY MAKERS ARE SEEKING
INFORMATION TO GUIDE POLICIES
AND PRACTICES THAT WILL PROMOTE
POSITIVE WITHOUT COMES AND
PREVENT POTENTIAL NEGATIVE
OUTCOMES OF TECHNOLOGY EXPOSURE
AND MEDIA USE.
OF COURSE ALL THIS WAS
EXACERBATED BY THE PANDEMIC WHEN
KIDS WERE AT HOME AND CON FAVEND
TO HOMES WITH DIGITAL MEDIA.
RESEARCH TO BETTER UNDERSTAND
HOW TECHNOLOGY IS BEING USED BY
CHILDREN, BY AND WITH CHILDREN
AND THE IMPACTS THAT ITS USE CAN
HAVE ON DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES
AND FAMILY FUNCTIONING WILL FORM
A MUCH-NEEDED KNOWLEDGE BASE TO
PROMOTE DECISION MAKING.
RESEARCH COMMUNITY HAS MADE
MAJOR STRIDES IN DEVELOPING
METHODS TO COLLECT OBJECTIVE
MEASURES AS WELL AS EXPERIMENTAL
DESIGNS TO ADDRESS THE CRITICAL
QUESTIONS NEEDED TO ADVANCE
SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY IN THE
AREA.
THIS PARTICULAR WORKSHOP IS A
KEY MOMENT FOR US TO HEAR FROM
ALL OF YOU ABOUT THE CURRENT
STATE OF THE SCIENCE AND WHERE
YOU SEE THE NEXT STEPS WILL
OCCUR.
AS MENTIONED YESTERDAY, NICHD
HAS AN ASPIRATIONAL GOAL AND A
CURRENT CAN STRATEGIC PLAN TO
UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA
USAGE OVER THE COURSE OF CHILD
AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT.
TODAY IN PARTICULAR WILL FOCUS
ON IDEAS FOR FUTURE DIRECTIONS
FOR THIS RESEARCH.
WE'RE EAGER TO HEAR YOUR IDEAS
AND I LOOK FORWARD TO
DISCUSSIONS.
WITH THAT I'D LIKE TO ONCE AGAIN
THANK OUR PRESENTERS AND
MODERATORS.
THIS IS CRAZY.
THE LIGHTING IS HERE IS VERY
WEIRD.
I'D LIKE TO THANK YOU ALL FOR
YOUR PARTICIPATION TODAY.
IT'S MY PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE
MISKRISTEN BUSCH WHO SERVES AS A
POLICY ADVISER AT THE WHITE
HOUSE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND
SERVING UNDER THE CHIEF
TECHNOLOGY OFFICER DEIDRE
MULLIGAN.
SHE SPECIALIZES IN PRIVACY
ISSUES INCLUDING CHILDREN'S
ONLINE HEALTH, SAFETY, AND
PRIVACY.
PREVIOUSLY SHE WORKED ON
EMERGENCY AND EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY REGULATION IN THE
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH, PRIVATE
SECTOR AND STATE GOVERNMENT.
SHE RESOURCED HER MASTER'S
DEGREE IN INTERNATIONAL
RELATIONS WITH A SPECIALIZATION
IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL
ECONOMY AND A BACHELOR'S DEGREE
IN ECONOMICS FROM THE UNIVERSITY
OF CHICAGO.
SO NOW IT'S MY PLEASURE TO TURN
THIS OVER TO MS. BUSCH.
THANK YOU.
>> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.
CAN EVERYBODY HEAR ME OKAY?
PERFECT.
THANK YOU TO THE NATIONAL
INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND THE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL
HEALTH FOR HOSTING THIS WORKSHOP
AND ALL THE RESEARCHERS AND
ACADEMICS AND MANY GOVERNMENT
REPRESENTATIVES WHO HAVE
PARTICIPATED IN THE IMPORTANT
DISCUSSIONS OVER THE PAST TWO
DAYS.
I WAS UNFORTUNATE TO LISTEN TO
THE PANEL YESTERDAY AND THESE
WERE INCREDIBLY NUANCED
DISCUSSION ON A COMPLEX TOPIC.
AS THE PREVIOUS PRESENTER NOTED
I'M KRISTEN BUSCH AND SERVE AS A
POLICY ADVISER AT THE WHITE
HOUSE OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY POLICY OTHERWISE
KNOWN AS OSTP.
OSTP WORKS TO MAXIMIZE THE
BENEFITS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY TO ADVANCE HEALTH,
PROSPERITY, SECURITY,
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND
JUSTICE FOR ALL AMERICANS.
WE CARRY OUT THIS MISSION BY
ADVISING PRESIDENT BIDEN AND
WHITE HOUSE SENIOR STAFF ON KEY
ISSUES RELATED TO SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY AND BY ACCORDING
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TECHNOLOGY
PRIORITIES.
IN THE ROLE I'M FORTUNATE TO
HELP REALIZE THE BIDEN-HARRIS
ADMINISTRATION'S COMMITMENT TO
PROTECTING CHILD AND TEENS
ONLINE.
I'M HERE TODAY WITH ONE VERY
CLARE MESSAGE, PRESIDENT BIDEN
RECOGNIZES THE RISKS FACING
CHILDREN AND IS TAKING SWIFT
BOLD ACTION TO SAFEGUARD THE
ONLINE HEALTH, SAFETY AND
PRIVACY OF OUR CHILDREN.
AS WITH EVERY POWERFUL AND
INFLUENTIAL TECHNOLOGY, SOCIAL
MEDIA AND ONLINE PLATFORMS
CREATE BENEFITS AND RISKS
PARTICULARLY FOR OUR CHILDREN
WHICH MANY OF THE PRESENTERS
HAVE DISCUSSED YESTERDAY.
FOR MANY KIDS DIGITAL
TECHNOLOGIES IS A NECESSITY FOR
EVERYDAY LIFE WHETHER ENGAGING
IN THE CLASSROOM AND
EXTRACURRICULARS OR CONNECTING
WITH FRIENDS, FAMILY AND OTHER
ENGAGEMENT FORM THEIR
SELF-IDENTITY AND SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT.
HOWEVER, WE ALSO KNOW TECHNOLOGY
CAN PRESENT MEANINGFUL AND
MEASURABLE RISKS TO CHILDREN AND
TEENS.
SOME STUDIES FOUND CHILDREN WHO
SPEND MORE THAN THREE HOURS A
DAY ON SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT
DOUBLE THE LIKELIHOOD OF MENTAL
HEALTH PROBLEMS INCLUDING
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY.
THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS WITH ANXIETY AND
DEPRESSION HAS RISEN NEARLY 30%
IN RECENT YEARS.
AND BETWEEN 2011 AND 2021 THE
NUMBER OF TEENS AND YOUNG ADULTS
WITH DEPRESSION MORE THAN
DOUBLED.
THESE NUMBERS SIMPLY PUT ARE
STAGGERING.
AND WHEN ONLINE OUR CHILDREN ARE
SUBJECT TO PLATFORM'S HARMFUL
CONTENT AND TROEFZ OF PAID
ADVERTISING.
FURTHERMORE IT'S OFTEN USING
DESIGN PRACTICES AND DARK
PATTERNS TO PROMOTE ADDICTION
AND COMPULSIVE USE BY YOUNG
PEOPLE WITH 97% OF TEENS USING
THE INTERNET DAILY AND 95% OF
KIDS AGE 13 TO 17 USING SOCIAL
MEDIA, THE YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH
CRISIS IS UNPRECEDENTED.
IT IS BECAUSE OF THESE RISKS
PRESIDENT BIDEN HAS TAKE ACTION
TO SAFEGUARD THE HEALTH, SAFETY
AND PRIVACY OF OUR CHILDREN.
THIS PAST YEAR, PRESIDENT BIDEN
MADE COMBATTING THE CRISIS A KEY
COMPONENT OF OUR UNITY AGENDA.
IN 2023, HE CREATED AN INNER
AGENCY TASK FORCE ON KIDS'IAN
LANE TASK AND SAFETY A SPEAKER
YESTERDAY DISCUSSED WITH MANY OF
THE FOLKS REPRESENTED HERE
TODAY.
THE TASK FORCE HAS BEEN DIRECTED
TO DEVELOP BEST PRACTICE TO HELP
PARENTS AND CAREGIVERS AS WELL
AS VOLUNTARY GUIDANCE FOR
INDUSTRY TO RESPONSIBLY PRODUCE
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.
WE HEARD FROM TEENS AND EXPERTS
LIKE YOU FROM ACROSS THE COUNTRY
HOW WE CAN BEST PROTECT OUR
YOUTH AND CREATE SOLUTIONS THAT
CENTER THE VOICES OF YOUNG
PEOPLE.
AGENCIES LIKE THE NATIONAL
INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND THE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL
HEALTH HAVE BEEN KEY PARTNERS IN
THIS WORK AND WORKSHOPS AND
DISCUSSIONS LIKE THESE HELP TO
INFORM THE TASK FORCE CONTINUED
WORK AND WE LOOK FORWARD TO YOUR
CONTINUED INPUT AND EXPERTISE.
AND PRESIDENT BIDEN HAS CALLED
ON CONGRESS TO PASS BIPARTISAN
LEGISLATION TO BAN TARGETED
ADVERTISING TO CHILDREN.
NO CHILD SHOULD BE TARGETED AND
EXPLOITED AS ADVERTISING OR
RECOMMENDED HARMFUL CONTENT OR
EATING DISORDER OR SELF-HARM.
NO CHILD SHOULD HAVE TO WORRY
ABOUT THE ONLINE PRESENCE
CREATING A PUBLIC RECORD THAT
FOLLOWS THEM FOR THE REST THEIR
LIFE AND NO CHILD SHOULD FACE
CYBERBULLYING, ONLINE RACISM OR
HATE SPEECH.
I'LL NOTE AGAIN AGENCIES HAVE
BEEN KEY PARTNERS IN THIS WORK
WITH THE BIDEN-HARRIS
ADMINISTRATION.
THERE WITH WERE PROPOSED CHANGE
TO THE CHILDREN'SIAN -- ONLINE
PRIVACY PROTECTION RULES AND THE
RULES WOULD LIMIT COMPANIES FROM
COLLECTING AND KEEPING DATA ON
CHILDREN AND WOULD REQUIRE
PARENTAL CONSENT BEFORE
TARGETING ADVERTISING TO KIDS.
THE PROPOSED RULES WOULD ALSO
PROTECT CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH
BY PROVIDING PARENTAL CONSENT
FOR PUSH NOTE NOTIFICATIONS TO
KEEP KIDS ONLANE AND PROMOTE AND
ENHANCE THE PRIVACY OF STUDENT'S
DATA AND ADDRESS CONCERNS OF
MONETIZATION.
IN ALL THESE ACTION, THE
BIDEN-HARRIS ADMINISTRATION HAS
USED EVERY AVAILABLE LEVER TO
PROTECT OUR CHILDREN.
IN TAKING THESE STEPS, PRESIDENT
BIDEN HAS BEEN CLEAR WE NEED TO
HARNESS THE RISKS AND WE SHOULD
BE ABLE TO BENEFIT FROM
TECHNOLOGY THAT BUILT PRIVACY,
SAFETY AND HEALTH BY ZANE SO ALL
OF US AND PARTICULARLY CAN USE
TECHNOLOGY WITHOUT ENDANGERING
THEIR WELL BEING.
AND AS WE CHART THE COURSE FOR
THE FUTURE OF ONLINE SPACES, WE
CAN BUILD TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE
NOT JUST SAFE, THAT'S THE
BASELINE, BUT TO HELP US BETTER
CONNECT TECHNOLOGIES THAT CAN
HELP BETTER CONNECT, NURTURE AND
BUILD COMMUNITIES FOR THE PUBLIC
GOOD.
YOUR INPUT AND DIALOGUE TODAY
ARE PARAMOUNT TO THIS MISSION
AND ALL OF US IN THE BADEN
HARRIS ADMINISTRATION LOOK
FORWARD TO CONTINUING TO WORK
WITH YOU ON THIS IMPORTANT TOPIC
OF PROTECTING OUR CHILDREN
ONLINE.
THANK YOU AND WITH THAT I'LL
PASS IT TO OUR NEXT SPEAKER.
>> WELCOME EVERYONE.
I'M JULIA ZEHR AND HERE TO
MODERATE THE PANEL ASSESSING THE
SHORT AND LONG TERM EFFECTS
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA AND
WITH THE FOCUS ON CONCEPTUAL AND
MEASUREMENT ISSUES.
WE HAVE DR. JASON CHEIN FROM
TEMPLE UNIVERSITY ACTING AS
CHAIR.
DISCUSSANT PANELIST.
DR. MUNMUN DE CHOUDHURY FROM
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY.
DR. JOHN HUTTON FROM UT
SOUTHWESTERN IN DALLAS.
DR. HEATHER KIRKORIAN FROM
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
AND DR. MARCIANO FROM HARVARD
SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND
DR. MORENO AND DR. TANKSLEY.
>> I WANT TO TAKE A MOMENT TO
THANK THE ORGANIZERS OF THE
WORKSHOP AND HOW GREAT IT IS TO
BE WITH THESE BRILLIANT
SCIENTISTS AND WE'VE BEEN
TALKING ABOUT THE TOPICS OF THE
SESSION FROM THE ONSET OF THE
WORKSHOP AND WE'LL EXTEND THAT
HERE THOUGH YOU'LL HEAR UNIQUE
ARGUMENTS FROM THE PANEL.
I'M NOT GOING TO TAKE TIME FOR
REMARKS NOW.
I'LL TRY TO DO SOME SYNTHESIS
AND SUMMARY AT THEN AND THE
QUESTIONS WERE WHAT DO YOU SEE
AS THE TOP TWO TO THREE
CHALLENGES FOR THE FIELD OF
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA
RESEARCH IN YOUTH IN TERMS OF
EITHER MEASUREMENT OR CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORKS.
WE'RE GOING TO GO DOWN THE LANE
AND PASS IT FIRST TO DR. DE
CHOUDH
CHOUDHURY.
>> HELLO, EVERYBODY.
GOOD MORNING.
SUCH A PLEASURE AND HONOR TO
HAVE A CHANCE TO SPEAK WITH YOU
THIS MORNING.
I'M MUNMUN DE CHOUDHURY AN
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT THE
SCHOOL OF INTERACTIVE COMPUTING
AT GEORGIA TECH.
I FOUNDED AND DIRECT THE WELL
BEING LAB.
BY TRAINING I'M A COMPUTER
SCIENTIST WHICH I BELIEVE BASED
ON THE LAST FEW DAYS I'M THE
ONLY ONE SO WHAT A PRIVILEGE FOR
ME.
MY RESEARCH OVER THE LAST AND
THERE'S BEEN A LOOK AT THE
INTERSECTION AND A LINE OF
RESEARCH HARNESSING MACHINE
LEARNING AND A.I. AND
INFORMATION HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND
MENTAL HEALTH DYNAMICS
ESPECIALLY IN ONLINE
ENVIRONMENTS AND IT'S ABOUT
STUDYING SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE
ROLE IN HOW IT CAN HELP US
UNDERSTAND AND HELP US SHAPE OUR
MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL BEING.
SO FOR CONTEXT I'VE BEEN DOING
RESEARCH ON SOCIAL MEDIA SINCE
2006 BEFORE SOCIAL MEDIA WAS A
TERM.
MY FIRST PAPER WAS ON MYSPACE.
WHEN I SAY THAT TO MY UNDERGRADS
I SEE BLANK STARES.
I ALSO HAD THE FIRST RESEARCH
DATA SET GOING BACK TO 2010.
SO IN ALL THESE YEARS, WHAT HAVE
WE LEARNED?
WE HAVE LEARNED SOCIAL MEDIA
PLAYS SUCH AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN
OUR LIVES BUT WHEN IT COMES TO
MENTAL HEALTH IT HAS POSITIVE
AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS.
FROM THE MEASUREMENT SIDE I'LL
TALK ABOUT A FEW ASPECTS THAT
HAVE BEEN THE HALLMARK OF THE
WORK I DO.
FIRST OF ALL, OUR STUDIES OF
SOCIAL MEDIA AND MENTAL HEALTH
DO NOT RELY ON NOTIONS OF SOCIAL
MEDIA USE.
WE RELY ON ACTUAL ACTIVITIES
THAT TRANSPIRE IN PEOPLE'S
SOCIAL MEDIA FEEDS.
NOT JUST THE DATA BUT THE
ALGORITHMS THEY INTERACT WITH.
THE SECOND THING IS WE DON'T
RELY ON SELF-REPORT AND WE KNOW
PEOPLE CAN MISS REMEMBER AND
MISJUDGE HOW MANY TYPE OF
THEY'RE SPENDING ON THE
PLATFORMS.
MY RESEARCH QUANT QUANTIFIES
USE IN SITU AND STUDY DESIGN SO
WE CAN UTILIZE METHODS FROM
PLACES LIKE CAUSAL INFERENCE
GAINING INSIGHT IN THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL
MEDIA USE AND MENTAL HEALTH.
WITH THESE MEASUREMENTS LET ME
TELL YOU A LITTLE BIT WHAT WE
HAVE LEARNED AND THE POTENTIAL
IS.
AS QUICK TEASERS ON THE POSITIVE
SIDE WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED?
WE HAVE SEEN WHEN YOUTH ACCESS
SOCIAL SUPPORT ON ONLINE
COMMUNITIES IT CAN HAVE CAUSAL
EXPRESSION TO THEIR SUICIDAL
IDEATION.
WE LOOKED AT 55 MENTAL HEALTH
COMMUNITIES ON REDDIT AND USING
CAUSAL INFERENCE TECHNIQUES WE
WERE ABLE TO FIND UNIQUE
LINGUISTIC PATTERNS IN THE
SUPPORT MESSAGES PEOPLE RECEIVE
AND OFTEN WHAT THEY RECEIVE ON
THEIR EXPRESSIONS OF DISTRESS
HAVE UNDER TONES OF EMOTIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT THAT
HELPS PEOPLE OVERCOME FEELINGS
OF DEPRESSION AND SUICIDAL
IDEATION GOING FORWARD IN THE
FUTURE.
AND A QUICK EXAMPLE OF NEGATIVE
IMPACTS AND OTHER STUDIES WE
WORKED WITH TEENS WHO DONATED
THEIR INSTAGRAM ARCHIVES AND
WHAT THEY PERCEIVED TO BE RISKY,
SELF-HARM OR HARASSMENT.
IN THIS THROUGH A DIFFERENCE
ANALYSIS WHERE WE LOOKED AT MORE
THAN A MILLION PRIVATE MESSAGES
THAT WERE SHARED BY THESE TEENS
WITH THEIR PEERS WE FOUND WHEN
YOUTH EXPERIENCED THIS THERE WAS
GREATER DISTRESS GOING FORWARD
AND THAT LASTS UP TO 14 DAYS
AFTER.
THIS WAS AFTER CONTROLLING FOR
TIMES AND SEASONALITY AND TOPIC
OF CONVERSATION.
AND THERE'S MEASUREMENT FROM THE
PERSPECTIVE OF NATURALISTIC
VIEWS OF THESE PLATFORMS.
IT ALSO TELLS US THAT SOCIAL
MEDIA AND TWO OR THREE THINGS OF
MEASUREMENT I'M MOST EXCITED
ABOUT IS DEVELOPED INDICATORS OF
MENTAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL MEDIA
USE CONSIDERING THESE
NATURALISTIC DATA AND CAPTURE
THE YOUTH'S ONLINE EXPRESSIONS
AND ACTION WITH THEIR PEERS.
SECOND, HOW DO WE RELY ON
CONNECTING THIS DATA IN AN
ETHICAL WAY AND PRIVACY
PROTECTING WAY AND HOW DO WE
GIVE THE YOUTH A SEAT AT THE
TABLE IN THE WAY WE DEVELOP
THESE.
THANK YOU.
THAT'S WHAT I HAVE FOR NOW.
>> I'M JOHN HUTTON.
A PEDIATRICIAN FROM UT
SOUTHWESTERN IN DALLAS AND
TRAINED IN CINCINNATI AT
CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S AND IN
DALLAS SINCE DECEMBER.
I'M ADJUSTING AND IT'S BEEN AN
EXPERIENCE.
A LOT OF MY WORK IN THE TDM
SPACE HAS BEEN BOOT STRAPPED.
I'M A PEDIATRICIAN, I'M A DAD
AND SPENT SEVEN YEARS RUNNING A
CHILDREN'S BOOK STORE BEFORE I
WENT INTO RESEARCH AND CAME BACK
FOR FELLOWSHIP.
A LOT OF MY PERSPECTIVE ON WHY
TO DO RESEARCH IN THIS AREA
COMES FROM THOSE EXPERIENCES AND
A LOT OF -- I SAID AT LUNCH
YESTERDAY A LOT OF MY
PERSPECTIVE IS PROBABLY CLOUDED
BY THE FACT THAT AS A
PEDIATRICIAN WE TEND TO SEE THE
PROBLEMS AND SEE KIDS COMING
INTO CLINIC AND THE PARENTS SAY
THEY'RE NOT SLEEPING OR HAVING
TANTRUMS OR WON'T GET OFF THEIR
PHONES WHAT DO I DO ABOUT IT?
WHAT I DO POINTS TOWARDS HOW ARE
WE GOING TO TAKE WHAT WE'RE
DEGREE AND APPLY IT TO THE REAL
WORLD.
HOW WILL WE GET THE MEASURES OR
FUNDINGS INTO THE HANDS OF
EDUCATORS OR RESEARCHERS OR
PARENTS BECAUSE THERE'S A TENSE
SENSE OF FUTILITY.
WE'RE DOING ALL THE RESEARCH
BECAUSE BABIES WILL HAVE TABLETS
AND LET'S DO OUR BEST.
I DON'T REALLY LIKE THAT.
SO A LOT OF MY PERSPECTIVE ON
THIS I HAVE A COUPLE THINGS.
ONE IS MORE HOLISTIC THE IDEA IN
PEDIATRICS AND WE'RE TRAINED
CHILDREN ARE NOT SMALL ADULTS.
HOW DO YOU DO RESEARCH IN THIS
AREA AND AN EVER SHIFTING
LANDSCAPE WHERE RESEARCH ON AN
INFANT IS VERY DIFFERENT THAN
RESEARCH ON A TODDLER AND
PRESCHOOLERS AND ELEMENT AGE AND
ADOLESCENTS?
THROUGHOUT ALL THIS THE BRAIN IS
CHANGING RAPIDLY AND SOCIAL
DYNAMICS ARE ACTING RAPIDLY AND
CAREGIVERS ARE CHANGING RAPIDLY.
WE HEARD ABOUT LONGITUDINAL
STUDIES AND IT'S IMPORTANT BUT
HOW DO YOU DO THAT WITH A
CONSISTENT SET OF MEASURES THAT
APPLY TO AN INFANT AND
ADOLESCENT, FOR EXAMPLE?
ALSO FINDINGS.
THERE'S A TENDENCY FOR SOCIETY
AND RESEARCH AS WELL TO THINK
THAT WHATEVER WE DISCOVER IS
GOING TO BE APPLICABLE TO ALL
KIDS AT ALL AGES.
PHONES ARE GOING TO MELT YOUR
BRAIN OR SAVE THE WORLD.
AND ONE OF THE CONCERNS I HAVE
IS ALMOST EVOLUTIONARY.
OUR BRAINS ESSENTIALLY ARE OUR
ANALOG ORGAN EVOLVED TO PROCESS
FIVE SENSES AND RELATIONSHIP
WITH PEOPLE AND NAVIGATE THE
REAL WORLD.
TECHNOLOGY SIMULATES THAT IN
AUDIO VISUAL DIMENSIONS AND TO
WHAT DEGREE ARE WE GOING TO RUN
UP AGAINST EVOLUTIONARY
CONSTRAINTS THAT LIMIT WHAT A
PERSON IS GOING TO BE ABLE TO
GET OUT OF USING A DEVICE OR
INTERACTING ONLINE OR WHATEVER
IT IS.
THE BIGGEST CONCERN IS SOCIAL.
WILL WE RUN INTO THINGS WHERE WE
CAN INTERACT WITH OUR
GRANDPARENTS REMOTELY BUT WILL
WE BE MISSING SOMETHING VIT
CRITICAL FOR DEVELOPMENT?
IS THERE GOING TO BE A CASE IN
DOING RESEARCH WHY OUR FINDINGS
FOR INFANTS ARE DEFINITIVE?
LET'S MAKE CERTAIN LIMITS FOR
INFANTS AND MOVE ON TO THE NEXT
AGE GROUP.
SAME WITH ADOLESCENTS AND OTHERS
AS FAR AS CHALLENGES AND
MEASURES FOR THE PURPOSES OF
THIS TOPIC HOW WILL WE
GENERALIZE OUR FINDING TO THE
WHOLE CAST OF CHARACTERS IN A
MORE SPECIFIC WAY.
AS I'VE GONE THROUGH THIS I
TRIED TO FIND MEASURES
GENERALIZABLE AND RELEVANT AND
TRANSLATIONAL TO PEDIATRIC
PRACTICE.
E
I DEVELOPED A SCREENING CUE AND
FMRI AND I USED FUNCTIONAL FMRI
IN PRESCHOOL RANGE THAT WORKS
AND OUR FINDINGS HAVE BEEN
GETTING ATTENTION AND MOTIVATING
TO PARENTS AND POLICY MAKERS AND
CREATED SOME CONVERSATIONS.
A PICTURE'S WORTH 1,000 WORDS
BUT THE PUSHBACK'S ALWAYS WHY DO
WE NEED TO DO THESE, THEY'RE
SMALL STUDIES AND SOMETIMES
THEY'RE A LITTLE BIT ON THE
HOSTILE SIDE WHY ARE WE USING
EXPENSIVE METHODS TO VERIFY WHAT
WE KNOW?
MRI IS ONE LENS WITH WHICH TO
VIEW THE SITUATION AND HOPEFULLY
CORRELATE IT WITH GOOD
BEHAVIORAL MEASURES.
PITFALLS WITH CHILDREN THEY'RE
NOT SEDATED AND A 4-YEAR-OLD
GIRL CAME INTO OUR MRI SUITE AND
MARCHED IN AND WE MAID A GAME
WITH THEM CALLED THE SPACE SHIP
GAME OR STATUE GAME AND SHE CAME
IN AND IS VERY BEAUTIFUL AND
BREAKS DOWN IN TEARS AND SAID I
DON'T WANT TO GO TO SPACE.
I'M GOING MISS MY MOM.
WHAT AIM GOI AM I GOING TO DO?
YOU HAVE TO GET KIDS TO
COOPERATE WITH YOU AND
FUNCTIONAL MRI HAS ITS OWN SET
OF PERILS.
GETTING KIDS TO RESPOND WITHOUT
MOVING AND WHAT I'VE WORKED WITH
THEY'RE MORE STRUCTURAL WHERE
THEY CAN WATCH A VIDEO AND SIT
STILL.
KIDS WATCHING VIDEOS ARE ALMOST
AS STILL AS WITH ANESTHESIA AND
THAT TELLS YOU SOMETHING.
WE'VE HAD SUCCESS BUT WITH
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES IT'S HARD
TO GET PARENTS TO BRING IN A
CHILD FOR MRI AT 3 AND CONVINCE
THEM TO COME BACK FOR 4 AND 5
WITH MORE SCANS.
THERE'S CONCERNS ABOUT RADIATION
AND CONCERNS ABOUT COVID AND ALL
KINDS OF STUFF.
AGAIN, IT'S A POWERFUL MODALITY
AND AGAIN I HOPE THAT WE CAN
CONNECT THE SCANS WE GET FOR
YOUNG KIDS WITH THE OLDER KIDS
TO GET A SENSE OF WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT IMPACTS ON EARLY
DEVELOPMENT RELATED TO THE
BRAIN.
AND AGAIN, WITH THAT I'LL STOP
AND CEDE THE FLOOR.
>> I'M HEATHER KIRKORIAN
PROFESSOR AT UNIVERSITY OF
WISCONSIN-MADISON.
I'VE STUDIED HOW KIDS PROCESS
SCREENS IN REAL TIME.
A LOT OF THAT HAS BEEN
MICROCODING OF VIDEOS.
WATCHING KIDS WATCH TELEVISION
AND APPS IN GAMES AND TRACKING
AND HEART RATE.
THAT'S HOW I STARTED OUT.
FOR THE LAST 14 YEARS I'VE
WORKED IN MORE OF A FAMILY
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT IN THE SCHOOL
OF HUMAN ECOLOGY TO LOOKING AT
INTERACTIONS AND THE ENTIRE
FAMILY MEDIA AND HOW USE AFFECT
THE OTHER AND VICE VERSA AND
WHAT RELATIONSHIPS ARE LIKE IN
THE CONTEXT OF MEDIA USE IN THE
FAMILY SYSTEM.
AND AGAIN THERE I'M LOOKING AT
DYNAMICS.
IN ADDITION TO THE OTHER TOOLS
I'M USING THINGS LIKE PASSIVE
MOBILE SENSE AND DAILY DIARY ARE
AND SEE HOW FAMILIES ARE USING
MEDIA IN THE WILD AND HOW THEY
INTERPRET THAT MEDIA USE.
THIS IS THE LENS I BRING TO
THINKING ABOUT METHODOLOGY IN
THE SPACE.
I'VE TRIED TO GET TO FOLKS'
MOTIVATION FOR MEDIA USE AND
WHAT'S IT MEAN FOR THEM?
IT'S IDENTIFYING MEANINGFUL
TARGETS FOR INTERVENTION WHERE
IT MAY BE NEEDED.
IF WE DON'T UNDERSTAND WHAT
PURPOSE IT'S SERVING WE DON'T
KNOW HOW TO INTERVENE IN A WAY
THAT'S REALISTIC IN A FAMILY
CONTEXT.
FOR EXAMPLE, IF MY MEDIA USE IS
MEANT -- I'M TRYING TO GET
CONNECTION OR HELP AND SAY NO
SCREEN TIME IT'S BAD FOR YOU WE
MAY BE TAKING AWAY A TOOL THAT'S
BEST FOR YOU AND IF I'M A PARENT
OF AN INFANT AND THE KIDS'
SCREEN BREAK IS SOMETHING I NEED
TO NOT HAVE A DYSREGULATED
MOMENT FOR ME WE MAY TAKE AWAY
THE BEST TOOL THE PARENT HAS TO
MANAGE THEIR OWN STRESS AND NOT
HAVE A DYSREGULATED MOMENT
LEADING IT A BEHAVIOR ACTION
THEY MAY REGRET LATER AND
UNDERSTANDING HOW THAT FITS IN
THE FAMILY PUZZLE SYSTEM IS TO
GUIDE AROUND MEDIA USE.
THAT'S ONE PIECE.
UNDERSTANDING THE MEDIA
MOTIVATION.
ANOTHER ASPECT IS HAVING PRECISE
MEASUREMENT.
THAT MEANS A LOT OF THINGS AND
GIVEN THE Q&A YESTERDAY IT'S AT
THE TOP OF MINDS IN THE ROOM AND
ONLINE WE ALL WANT TO TALK ABOUT
MEASUREMENT AND HOW DO WE GET
MORE OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OR
MORE PRECISE MEASUREMENT AND
THINK OF MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT
AND REAL TIME MEASURES LOOKING
AT AFFECTS THAT UNFOLD THAT MAY
ACCUMULATE OVER TIME TO PRODUCE
THE LONGER TERM EFFECTS THAT
FOLKS HAVE BEEN STUDYING FOR
MANY YEARS.
I KNOW OTHER FOLKS WILL TALK
ABOUT THAT KIND OF DESIGN, I
WON'T SAY MORE ABOUT THAT BUT
HAPPY TO TALK MORE ABOUT THAT
LATER.
AND THE LAST THIRD BUCKET I WAS
COMING WITH IS THINKING ABOUT
WITHIN THE MEASUREMENT PRECISION
GOING BEYOND SCREEN TIME AND ONE
PLACES WHERE MEETINGS IN THE
LAST YEAR OR TWO ARE EXCITING
FOR ME WE'RE BARELY TALKING
ABOUT SCREEN TIME IN A
REDUCTIONIST WAY WE'RE THINKING
ABOUT CONTEXT AND THE OTHER FOUR
Cs WE TALKED ABOUT YESTERDAY AND
WHAT WE NEED IS CONSENSUS AROUND
HOW DO WE DISTILL THE RICH
INFORMATION WE GET FROM THE MORE
COMPREHENSIVE MEASURES TO GET
MEANINGFUL METRICS TO INCLUDE IN
OUR MODELS OR INCLUDE IN OUR
TARGETED INTERVENTIONS FOR
PARENTS.
WHEN WE SAY CONTENT WHAT DO WE
MEAN AND WHAT'S MOST IMPORTANT?
ARE WE MEASURING THE SAME THING
OR MEAN THE SAME THING AT
DIFFERENT AGES?
PROBABLY NOT.
WE NOW RECOGNIZED WE NEED TO TAY
PEY ATTENTION TO CONTENT AND
DESIGN FEATURES AND CAN DO MORE
WORKS IN MEETINGS LIKE THIS ONE
TO ARTICULATE WHAT WE SHOULD BE
DISTILL FROM THAT INFORMATION.
I'LL STOP THERE.
>> HI.
I'M GRATEFUL TO BE HERE TODAY
AND LISTEN TO THESE GREAT IDEAS.
I'M LAURA MARCIANO AT THE
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
AND BACKGROUND IN
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND
COMMUNICATION AND AT SOME POINT
I WAS ALSO TEACHING.
TODAY IS BETWEEN TDM AND USING
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
AND PUBLIC HEALTH LENS AND THREE
MAIN POINTS TO HIGHLIGHT FROM
CONCEPTUALIZATION TO MEASUREMENT
AND RESULT INTERPRETATION.
MY FIRST POINT REFLECT WHAT'S
HAS BEEN A PERSONAL JOURNEY FOR
ME FROM THE STUDY OF MANY
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND PROGRAMMATIC
USE OF TDM TO STUDY OF HAPPINESS
IN MY POSTDOC IN A EUROPEAN AND
U.S. BASED THANKS TO A NEW RFA I
CALL HAPPY BEAT.
IT'S CRUCIAL TO MOVE FROM A
NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE FRAMEWORK
OF BOTH MENTAL HEALTH AND
CONCEPTUALIZATION.
MEDIA STUDIES ARE BIASSED IN THE
WAY MENTAL HEALTH IS MEASURED
AND INDICATORS ARE OFTEN
OVERLOOKED.
THOUGH ALIGNED WITH THE W.H.O.
DEFINITION OF HEALTH AND MENTAL
HEALTH.
IN MENTAL HEALTH IT'S A STATE OF
MENTAL WELL BEING THAT ENABLES
PEOPLE TO COPE WITH STRESSES OF
LIFE AND LEARN WELL AND WORK
WELL AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE
COMMUNITY ON A COMPLEX CONTINUUM
AND IT'S BEEN STUDIED IN THE
RESEARCH.
WE'VE LOOKED AT WELL BEING
INCLUDING AUTONOMY, PERSON
GROWTH, SELF-ACCEPTANCE AND
MEANING AND LIFE PURPOSE AND
MASTERY OF LIFE RELATIONS.
AND OTHER IS CONCEPTUALIZATION
AND CONCEPTS SUCH AS FLOURISHING
AND THRIVING AND SOCIAL WELL
BEING SOCIAL INTEGRATION AND
IMPORTANT TO DO THAT
CONSIDERATION THE SOCIAL WELL
BEING MEASURES AND NUANCES COME
SOCIAL SUPPORT TO LONELINESS
RELATED TO HEALTH OUTCOMES.
SOMETIMES EVEN MORE THAN OTHER
HEALTH RELATED BEHAVIORS AN THAT
SHOULD BE CONSIDERED MORE FROM
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SIDE OF
PDM.
A POSITIVE CONCEPTUALIZATION
SHOULD BE FOLLOWED BY MORE
INDICATORS OF THE POSITIVE USE
OF TDM.
WE HAVE SEEN USE CASE LIKE THE
DIGITAL FLOURISHING SCALES WHICH
INCLUDE DIMENSIONS THAT SHOULD
BE PROMOTED IN CHILDREN
ADOLESCENTS LIKE CONNECTEDNESS,
PARTICIPATION AND POSITIVE
SOCIAL COMPARISON,
SELF-PRESENTATION AND
SELF-CONTROL.
POSITIVE APPROACHES SHOULD
CONSIDER HOW TO MEASURE AND
PROMOTE THE BALANCE USE OF
SOCIAL MEDIA FOR EXAMPLE I THINK
WE MIGHT WANT TO IMAGINE THE IT
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AS A
DIFFERENT TYPE OF FOOD LIKE
COMING FROM ITALY FOOD IS ALWAYS
AT THE CENTER AND SHOULD THINK A
GOOD DIGITAL DIET FOR CHILDREN
AND ADOLESCENTS OF DIFFERENT
AGES.
THINKING ABOUT DIFFERENT
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES AND NEEDS.
LEARNING OUTCOMES, IDENTITY
DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL CONNECTION
AND NEED OF SAFETY AT DIFFERENT
AGES AND THESE BALANCE SHOULD
PROMOTE A HIGHER SENSE OF WELL
BEING.
AND WE SHOULD USE INDICATORS OF
MENTAL HEALTH AND USE DATA
COLLECTION AND MOBILE ASSESSMENT
FOR OPPORTUNITIES INTO WAYS FROM
ONE SIDE WE HAVE DATA COLLECTED
THROUGH SMART PHONES AND
CONTINUES.
AND USAGE IN GENERAL AND USE
DATA COLLECTION LIKE DATA
DONATION APPROACHES.
THE SECOND WAY IS TO USE
ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS OR IN
SITU COLLECTION THROUGH SURVEYS
AND IN THIS WAY WE CAN COMBINE
THE OBJECTIVE WITH THE
SUBJECTIVE INFORMATION AND STUDY
THE INDIVIDUAL AND TEMPORAL
DYNAMICS AND CONSIDER THE
CONTEXT AND OTHER ACTIVITIES AT
DIFFERENT TIME SCALES BECAUSE
MEDIA IS HAPPENING AT THE SHORT
TIME SCALE AND THEN THEY CAN
ALSO ACCUMULATE FOR THE TIME AND
IN THIS WAY WE CAN CREATE NEW
ECOLOGICAL VALID RESULTS THAT
WILL ALSO LEAD TO WORK THE
DIGITAL PHENOTYPING RESEARCH
AGENDA WITH PROS AND CONS
BECAUSE I THINK WE SHOULD ALWAYS
BALANCE THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY
OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTED BY
CONSIDERATION WHICH DATA IS
PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO
PREDICT WELL BEING BECAUSE THE
POSSIBILITY TO CONNECT MANY DATA
TO SMART PHONES AND WE SHOULD
ALWAYS CHOOSE AN APPROACH TO
ANALYSIS AND PREFER A MODEL TO
MORE PREDICTORS WITH THE
VARIANCE EXPLAINING THE OUTCOMES
THAT ARE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY
RELEVANT AND FOR MENTAL HEALTH
LIKE WE SHOULD ALSO RELY MORE ON
OBJECTIVE INFORMATION LIKE
BIOMARKERS.
WE HAVE BIOMARKERS OF STRESS BUT
ALSO OTHER BIOMARKERS USED IN
OTHER DISCIPLINES FOR MENTAL
HEALTH AND WELL BEING LIKE
INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS AND DATA
AND GENETIC DATA THAT SHOULD BE
CONSIDERED BUT ALSO OUTCOME AND
VARIABLE LINKED TO TDM
PROCESSES.
MY LAST POINT REGARDING DATA
INTERPRETATION SO WE HAVE TALKED
YESTERDAY AND TODAY I MENTIONED
WE WILL TALK ABOUT SMALL EFFECTS
AND PREVIOUS STUDIES WITH
DIGITAL MEDIA USE EXPLAIN ONLY
1% VARIATION IN WELL BEING AND
THERE'S BEEN A HOW LARGE THEY
WILL EFFECT SHOULD BE FOR YOUTH
MENTAL HEALTH AND IN ANY CASE
ALSO SMALL EFFECTS CAN HAVE
PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE AND THE
HISTORY OF SMALL EFFECTS ALSO
TIE IN AT THE LARGE SCALE
POPULATION AND LINKED TO A
CLINICAL OUTCOME IS OF PRACTICAL
RELEVANCE.
FOR EXAMPLE, I FOUND FROM OTHER
DISCIPLINES THE PRODUCTIVE
EFFECT AND AT THE BEGINNING IT
WAS EXPLAINED LIKE THE POINT
.001% OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND
IF WE CHANGE THE WAY WE
TRANSLATE THE RESULT FROM
VARIANCE TO ODDS RATIO FOR
EXAMPLE THAT RESULT WAS
TRANSLATED IN PEOPLE TAKING IT
ARE LESS LIKELY TO DEVELOP FROM
50 TO 10%.
SOMETIMES IT'S WHICH KIND OF
ANALYSIS AND HOW WE REFER TO THE
OUTCOME.
WE SHOULD THINK HOW TO TRANSLATE
THE RESULT IN A MORE MEANINGFUL
WAY AND A LARGE SCALE OR SMALL
EFFECT MATTER BECAUSE IN THE
CASE OF TDM HIGHER DEPRESSION
RATES MAKE HIGHER
HOSPITALIZATIONS FROM SMALL TO
LARGE, NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF
SOCIAL COMPARISON CREATE MORE
DIAGNOSIS OF EATING DISORDERS
AND WE CAN SEE LOWER EFFICIENCY
AT WORK OR SCHOOL.
ALSO SMALL EFFECTS MATTER AND IF
WE CONSIDER THE TIME COMPONENT
WE CAN THINK BE THE CUMULATIVE
SOCIAL MEDIA TO SMALL EFFECTS
AND WE SHOULD THINK HOW THAT CAN
HAVE AN IMPLICATION FOR PUBLIC
HEALTH EFFECTS AND TDM CAN HAVE
A LARGE EFFECT AT SOME POINT
WITH PREVENTION AND PROMOTION OF
WELL BEING AND MENTAL HEALTH AT
LARGE SCALE.
>> SO I'M JENNETTE MORENO FROM
BAYLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE AT THE
CHILDREN'S NUTRITION CENTER AND
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST BY
TRAINING.
I STUDY THE PREVENTION OF
CHILDHOOD OBESITY AND HOW
CHILDREN SLEEP AND CIRCADIAN
RHYTHM AND I WAS INTERESTED IN
SLEEP AND GOT INTO SCREEN MEDIA
USE AND FOUND CHILDREN WENT TO
BED LATER DURING SUMMER AND WHAT
WERE THEY DOING AND STARTED
STUDYING CHILDREN'S SCREEN MEDIA
USE.
I TYPICALLY STUDY PRESCHOOL AGE
TO ELEMENT SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN.
IN OUR STUDIES WE WERE STUDYING
TDM USE I WANTED TO GIVE YOU AN
IDEA OF THE CHRONICAL APP FOR
APPLE AND CHROME AND WE'RE USING
SCREEN SHOTS OF THE APPLE SCENE
TIME FOR iPADS AND FOR ANDROID
WE CAN GET THE TABLET DEVICE
USING CHRONICLE AND WE'RE
ASSESSING CHILDREN'S TV USE
USING FLASH TV.
IT'S A SYSTEM THAT INVOLVES A
WEB CAM THAT SITS ON TOP OF THE
TV AND A DEVICE WITH AN INVIDDIA
PROCESSOR AND CAN USE ALGORITHMS
TO DETERMINE IF THE TARGET CHILD
IS IN FRONT OF THE TV AND IF
THEIRIESSS -- THEIR EYES ARE
LOOKING AT THE TV AND WE HAVE A
SMART PLUG TO LEARN IF THE TV
WAS ON AND OFF AND WE CAN LOOK
AT EXPOSURE AND GAZE AT THE TV
AND LOOK AT WHEN CHILDREN ARE
MULTITASKING ON TABLETS AND ON
THEIR PARENTS' PHONES AS WELL.
SO FROM A METHODOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE, ONE OF THE THINGS I
THINK WHILE WE'RE DOING A GREAT
JOB AND PROVIDING MORE OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENTS OF CHILDREN'S TDM
USE WE'RE STILL MISSING A LOT OF
TDM USE IN MY OLDER ELEMENTARY
CHILDREN WE'RE USING SWITCH AND
CURRENTLY NOT ABLE TO ASSESS
THEIR USE OF THOSE DEVICES WHICH
I THINK ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS
OF THEIR EXPOSURE TO SCREEN
MEDIA.
THERE'S ALSO OTHER SOURCES OF
SCREEN MEDIA THAT WERE MISSING
INCLUDING VIRTUAL REALITY
HEADSETS, A.I. AND COMPUTER USE
ESPECIALLY TRYING TO DIFFERENT
SHALE BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL USE OF
COMPUTERS FOR SCHOOL WORK AND
ALSO FOR ENTERTAINMENT PURPOSES
AS WELL.
WE'RE CURRENTLY MISSING SOME OF
THESE KEY COMPONENTS.
AND EVEN WITHIN THESE DEVICES
THAT WE ARE ABLE TO ASSESS, WE
HAVE SOME CHALLENGES.
SO FOR EXAMPLE, WE STILL
STRUGGLE WITH ASSESSING USER ON
SOME DEVICES.
SO ON ANDROIDS WE CAN INCLUDE
SURVEYS THAT ASK ARE YOU THE
TARGET PERSON OR ARE YOU NOTE
TARGET PERSON BUT ON APPLE
DEVICES DON'T HAVE A WAY OF
DOING THAT AT THIS POINT WHICH
MAKES IT CHALLENGES WHEN THEY'RE
SHARED ACROSS MULTIPLE SIBLINGS
OR AT HOME OR PARENTS BEING ABLE
TO DIFFERENTIATE USERS IS
CHALLENGING AND WE CAN'T ASK
THEM TO SAY ONLY ALLOW ONE
PERSON IN THE LOUSE TO USE IT --
ALLOWS THE USE AND WE CAN'T
CHANGE THEIR USE TO BE ABLE TO
ASSESS IT.
THAT'S CHALLENGING AS WELL.
AND THEN I ALSO GIST JUST WANT
TO HIGHLIGHT THE IMPORTANCE OF
ASSESSING TV.
WE THINK PEOPLE ARE USING MORE
MOBILE DEVICE AND COMPUTERS AND
THINGS LIKE THAT BUT I THINK TV
IS STILL A PRESENT AND IMPORTANT
PART OF THE HOME ENVIRONMENT.
OFTEN IN THE BACKGROUND AND
ASSESSING USE IS IMPORTANT.
IN THE STUDY OF 4-YEAR-OLDS WE
COLLECTED DATA SO FAR IN ABOUT
16 FAMILIES AND ON AVERAGE USING
OUR FLASH TV DEVICE WE FOUND
CHILDREN ARE WATCHING OR EXPOSED
ABOUT 1.5 HOURS OF TV A DAY BUT
THERE'S LARGE VARIABILITY WITH
SOME PARTICIPANTS HAVING 0 USE
PER DAY AND OTHERS WATCHING UP
TO NINE HOURS OF TV A DAY.
IT'S AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF THE
HOME ENVIRONMENT FOR US TO --
TO ASSESS.
THERE'S A REAL NEED TO DEVELOP
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR HOW TO
UNDERSTAND AND CODE CONTENT AND
FOR US TO DEVELOP SUCCESSFUL
FRAMEWORKS THAT ARE ADAPTABLE
AND THINGS ARE PROGRESS AT A
FAST RATE WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO
FINE TUNE OUR CONTENT AS IT
CHANGES ON YOUTUBE CHANNELS AND
THINGS LIKE THAT AND IDENTIFY
THE ASPECTS OF CONTENT WE SHOULD
THINK ABOUT THAT MAY INFLUENCE
CHILDREN'S EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING
AND HEALTH STATUS AND BE ABLE TO
QUANTIFY THAT.
THAT'S CHALLENGING.
ESPECIALLY BECAUSE THERE CAN BE
RIGHT NOW WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO
DO IS WHAT APP ARE YOU ON?
AND THERE'S SO MUCH GOING ON
WITHIN A SINGLE APP.
THERE CAN BE PROBLEM SOLVING
BEING LEARNED WITHIN AN APP AND
ALSO BE THESE NEGATIVE EFFECT
ARE HAPPENING AT THE SAME TIME
AND BEING ABLE TO GET AT THE
NUANCE OF WHAT'S HAPPENING ALL
AT THE SAME MOMENT I THINK IS A
CHALLENGE FOR US TO BE ABLE TO
DO.
BUT I THINK DEVELOPING
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS IS A GREAT
PLACE TO START AND MAYBE SOME
PEOPLE IN THIS COMMUNITY COULD
BE INVOLVED IN THAT.
THE NEXT POINT I WANTED TO MAKE
IS MORE OF A POINT FOR POLICY
MAKERS AND SO I THINK IT'S SUPER
IMPORTANT THAT WE DEVELOP WAYS
TO HELP PROTECT CHILDREN ONLINE.
I ALSO THINK AT THE SAME TIME
WE'RE HAVING CALLS FOR
ADDITIONAL RESEARCH INTO
CHILDREN'S SCREEN MEDIA USE AND
THAT REQUIRES US TO ASSESS WHAT
THEY'RE DOING ON THESE DEVICES.
THAT MEANS WE NEED ACCESS TO THE
DATA FROM THESE DEVICES.
AND CURRENTLY THERE ARE A LOT OF
CHALLENGES WITH GETTING THIS
DATA ESPECIALLY WHEN CHILDREN
ARE UNDER THE AGE OF 13.
I DO MOBILE HEALTH RESEARCH AS
WELL AND WE CAN'T DOWNLOAD THE
TEST FLIGHT ON TO CHILD DEVICES
IF IT'S A KNOWN CHILD DEVICE
BECAUSE THEY'RE UNDER 13.
THERE'S A LOT OF CHALLENGES WITH
DOING OUR RESEARCH WITH SOME OF
THE REGULATION ARE THAT ARE
CURRENTLY IN PLACE.
SO IF IT'S POSSIBLE TO GET SOME
SORT OF PERMISSIONS FOR
RESEARCHERS OR SPECIAL ALLOWANCE
TO ALLOW RESEARCHERS TO BE ABLE
TO GAIN ACCESS TO THIS DATA THAT
THESE COMPANIES ALREADY HAVE
ACCESS TO AND ALREADY USING IT
SO IT WOULD BE GREAT IF AS
RESEARCHERS WE CAN DO THAT AS
WELL.
OKAY.
AND THEN MY LAST POINT IS MORE
SO ABOUT BIAS AND I COULD GO
INTO MORE DETAIL ON THIS BUT I
JUST THINK I'M RUNNING OUT OF
TIME AND MY POINT ABOUT BIAS IS
WE NEED TO ENSURE OUR TOOLS ARE
PERFORMING ACROSS ALL THE
DIFFERENT GROUPS IN THE SAME
WAY.
THERE CAN BE EVEN THOUGH WE
THINK THESE ARE WONDERFULLY
OBJECT IVE MEASURES THERE COULD
BE DIFFERENCES ACROSS AGE
GROUPS AND DEVELOPMENTAL GROUPS
AND RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS AND
DIFFERENT GROUPS AND ADDITIONAL
MEASUREMENTS SO WE KNOW WHAT
WE'RE MEASURING ACROSS
INDIVIDUALS AS WELL SO.
>> I'M TIERA TANKSLEY AND I
STUDY AT INFORMATION AND
INFORMATIONAL STUDIES AND AS
SOMEONE WHO DOES A.I. ETHICS
I'LL FOCUS ON THE CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORKS I THINK ARE
IMPORTANT.
TO GIVE YOU AN OVERVIEW OF SOME
OF MY WORK, I LOOK AT HOW
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA
SHAPES THE LIVES AND EXPERIENCES
OF BLACK YOUTH STARTING FROM MY
DISSERTATION WHERE I STUDIED
BLACK GIRL ACTIVISTS EXPERIENCES
WITH HASH TAG BLACK LIVES MATTER
INFORMATION HOW IT WAS IMPACTING
THEIR EXPERIENCES AND I
UNCOVERED HOW ALGORITHMS WERE
WORKING IN WAYS THAT
HYPERCIRCULATED THE IMAGES OF
BLACK, DEAD AND DYING AND IT
LOOPED MY LENS UP FROM LOOKING
AT RACE AND GENDER AND IDENTITY
AS THE SOURCE OF VULNERABILITY
TO THE SYSTEMS AND
INFRASTRUCTURES.
THINKING ABOUT RACISM, SEXISM
AND ANTI-BLACKNESS BECOMING
TECHNOLOGICALLY CODIFIED WITHIN
SYSTEMS AND THAT CREATES THE
VULNERABILITY.
I ALSO LOOK AT MORE RECENTLY
TECHNOLOGY AND PROLIFERATION IN
SCHOOLS CREATING INEQUITY
BECAUSE OF ALGORITHMIC AND THE
ENTANGLEMENTS BETWEEN A.I. AND
THE CARCERAL SYSTEM AND HOW IT
HYPERACTIVATE THE PIPELINE AND
LOOKING AT VULNERABILITY NOT AS
FOLKS' MINORITIZED IDENTITIES
BUT THE SYSTEMS OF POWER THAT
BECOME COMPUTATIONALLY ENCODED.
SO THAT'S MY FIRST POINT.
IF I ONLY LOOKED AT HOW BLACK
GIRLS ARE FLAGGED WHEN THREATS
AND DIGITAL HARASSMENT ARE NOT
FLAGGED ALGORITHMIC AND METAONLY
PROTECTED WHITE MEN AND THAT
MADE THIS GROUP VULNERABLE.
IF I ONLY LOOKED AT HOW BLACK
GIRLS WERE EXPERIENCED PTSD AND
SEEING IMAGES OF BLACK, DEATH
AND DYING AND LOOKING AT BEING
RESILIENT IN THE BLACK SYSTEM
AND A STEAD THE CALL TO ACTION
BECOMES THE SYSTEMS.
HOW DO WE CHANGE CONTENT
MODERATION SYSTEMS AND CHANGE
COMMERCIALIZED SEARCH SO YOUNG
PEOPLE DON'T HAVE TO BE SO
RESILIENT ALL THE TIME?
SO THAT'S THE FIRST THING.
THE SECOND ONE IS THINKING ABOUT
AND YOU KIND OF MENTIONED THIS,
IT'S THINK ABOUT HOW TECHNOLOGY
IS IMPACTING OUR RESEARCH.
SO WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF TDM
ON OUR OWN RESEARCH?
WHEN I THINK ABOUT THE TOOLS
WE'RE USING TO MEASURE OR STUDY
YOUNG PEOPLE'S EXPERIENCES WITH
SOCIAL MEDIA OR OTHER
TECHNOLOGIES, I'M THINKING ABOUT
NOT ONLY ALGORITHMIC SEXISM AND
ALL THESE THINGS BUT ZOOMING OUT
FROM THE USER TOOL RELATIONSHIP
TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPLICATIONS
OF TECHNOLOGIES ON THE
ENVIRONMENT.
SO AS WE CONTINUE TO ENGAGE IN
THE A.I. HYPE AND USE MORE AND
MORE A.I. TECHNOLOGY TO STUDY
THINGS THAT PERHAPS THERE'S
OTHER WAYS TO STUDY, WE'RE
CONTRIBUTING TO THE GLOBAL
CLIMATE CRISIS.
WE KNOW A SINGLE CONVERSATION
WITH CHAT GPT IS THE SAME AS
DRINKING ONE BOTTLE OF WATER AND
THE GLOBAL CARBON EMISSIONS ARE
UNPRECEDENTED FROM THE USE OF
A.I. THE GOOGLE DROUGHT HAS BEEN
EXACERBATE A.I. NOT TO MENTION
THE HUMAN LABOR COST.
SO IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO
THINK ABOUT HOW CAN WE -- I KNOW
RESEARCH PROGRAMS IS NOT
SUPPOSED TO BE POLITICIZED AND
IN EDUCATION WE'RE ALLOWED TO DO
THAT.
I'M OFTEN THINK ABOUT HOW DO WE
ENSURE THAT OUR WORK IS JUST.
AND THAT WE'RE NOT CONTRIBUTING
TO HARM.
I THINK DR. ITO SAID THAT
YESTERDAY IF WE'RE NOT THINKING
ABOUT INSTITUTIONS OF POWER AND
OUR ROLE WITHIN THE GLOBAL
SYSTEM THEN OUR RESEARCH CAN ROW
PRODUCE AND EXACERBATE HARM FOR
HISTORICALLY MARGINALIZED
COMMUNITIES NOT ONLY IN THE
GLOBAL NORTH AND IMPERIAL CORE
BUT IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH.
FINALLY MY LOOKS AT RESEARCH JOY
AND I STARTED A PROGRAM AND
WE'RE IN THE FOURTH YEAR THIS
SUMMER.
IT'S A CRITICAL A.I. LITERACIES
COURSE THAT FOCUSES ON BLACK
YOUTH IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND
ESSENTIALLY RACES THEIR
LITERACIES AROUND A.I. AND WHEN
IT'S CENTERING HARMFUL THINGS
AND REDEFINING HARMFUL SYSTEMS
AND THE POINT IS NOT ONLY TO
MAKE BLACK YOUTH MORE RESILIENT
TO NOW HOW TO PROTECT THEMSELVES
AND CHANGE THE ALGORITHMS S
SUBVERTING THEM FROM
TECHNOLOGIES TO FOSTER WELLNESS.
SO I THINK WHAT'S IMPORTANT FOR
ME IN THAT RESEARCH IS REALLY
PREPARING YOUTH TO DREAM BEYOND
THE WORLD THEY INHERITED IT
DOESN'T HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS AND
THE TECHNOLOGIES THAT WE ENGAGE
WITH EVERYDAY DON'T HAVE TO BE
LIKE THIS.
AND RECOGNIZING THAT YOUTH ARE
EVERYDAY COMPUTER SCIENTISTS AND
EVERYDAY HACKERS AND WE OFTEN AS
RESEARCHERS BELIEVE WE KNOW MORE
ABOUT TECHNOLOGY AND WELLNESS
THAN THEY DO BUT ACTUALLY THEY
ARE EXPERTS AND INVITING THEM TO
NOT ONLY BE AT THE TABLE BUT TO
BE CO-CONSPIRATORS.
THEY'RE EXPERT RESEARCHERS.
IF WE LOOK AT IT FROM THAT
FRAME, THEN WE CAN HAVE A MORE
ROBUST AND JUSTICE ORIENTED AN
PERHAPS TRANSFORMATIONAL
UNDERSTANDING OF THE LIVES AND
EXPERIENCES OF YOUTH.
THANK YOU.
>> WOW.
IF YOU LISTEN CAREFULLY NOT ONLY
THE PRESENTATIONS CHALLENGES BUT
BUT INSIGHTFUL IDEAS HOW TO
INTRODUCE THEM.
>> I'M JASON CHEIN A COGNITIVE
NEUROSCIENTIST BY TRAINING AND
CAME TO THE AREA OF TDM RESEARCH
WITHIN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL
REGULATORY SKILLS AND REWARD
PROCESSING SYSTEMS IN THE BRAIN
AND HOW ULTIMATELY THEY
INTERFACE WITH OUR TDM
EXPERIENCES.
AS I'M LISTENING I'M HEARING
AREAS OF CONSENSUS, CONCERN WE
HEARD FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE
WORKSHOP.
A FRAME WE KEEP HEARING IS THE
FIELD NEEDS TO MOVE BEYOND JUST
SCREEN TIME AND CONTENT AND FULL
RICHNESS AND EVERYTHING THAT
COMES FROM CONTENT EXAMINATION
AND MOTIVATION FOR USE,
FUNCTIONS OF USE, CULTURAL AND
SOCIO POLITICAL CONTEXT IN WHICH
THE USE OCCURS.
THAT LEADS US TO WANTING TO HAVE
AGREED UPON SHARED CONSENSUS
METHODS FOR FRAMEWORKS TO HAVE
EFFICIENT, ROBUST AND VALID
MEASUREMENT OF TDM BEHAVIORS.
WITH THAT COMES A CALL FOR
BETTER ENHANCED OBJECTIVE
METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT AND ONES
THAT NOT ONLY CAPTURE TDM
INTERACTIONS ON SPECIFIC DEVICES
HIKE PERSONAL PHONES BUT OTHER
DEVICES THAT WE'VE BEEN MISSING
AND IN DEVELOPMENT COHORTS WE'RE
NOT GETTING GOOD DATA FROM.
I ALSO HEARD A CALL FROM SEVERAL
FOR BETTER TEMPORAL PRECISION IN
MEASUREMENT WANTING TO FIND WAYS
TO GET REAL TIME MEASUREMENT, TO
BE ABLE TO MEASURE INFORMATION
IN THE SHORT TERM INTENSELY AND
CONTINUOUSLY OVER LONGITUDINAL
PERIODS AND THIS IS SOMETHING I
THINK THE FIELD HAS BEEN
STRUGGLING WITH TO AN EXTENT.
WE HOPE THIS KIND OF DEVELOPMENT
CAN MOVE US TOWARDS A MORE
DIGITAL PHENOTYPING APPROACH AND
MAYBE AN INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH
TO UNDERSTANDING THE POTENTIAL
HARMS IN KIDS' LIVES.
SEVERAL PANELISTS DRAW OUR
ATTENTION TO BIAS THAT MAY NOT
BE BUILT INTO THE RESEARCH
METHODS AND THE TDM WORLD WE'RE
TRYING TO STUDY.
LAURA, YOU WERE LAMENTING THE
WAY WE FRAME THE PROBLEM IN
TERMS OF ILL BEING AND EVERYONE
COURAGE US TO SHIFT TO WELL
BEING AND FOCUS NOT JUST ON
NEUTRAL BUT POSITIVE OUTCOMES
THAT MAY ARISE.
JENNETTE AND TIERA I HEARD YOU
TALK ABOUT THE ASSESSMENT AND
HOW WE MAY MISS OUT ON IMPORTANT
SEGMENTS OF THE POPULATION ARE
MINORITIZED AND MARGINALIZED
GROUPS REPEATING SOME OF WHAT WE
HEARD BEFORE.
I'M ALSO STRUCK BY THE DIFFERENT
WAYS THAT YOU EACH THOUGHT ABOUT
THE CHALLENGES AND TO ME THAT'S
REALLY IMPORTANT.
IT SPEAKS TO THE VALUE OF
COLLABORATION AND BRINGING
DIFFERENT TOOLS IN ADDRESSING IT
AND I THINK THAT'S HIGHLIGHTED
IN LISTENING TO WHAT YOU SEE AS
THE MOST ESSENTIAL PROBLEMS THAT
YOU FACE IN THE FIELD.
THERE WERE SOME UNIQUE POINTS
AND I WANT TO DRAW ATTENTION TO
THE NON-OVERLAP AND YOU REMINDED
US HOW QUICKLY TECHNOLOGY IS
MOVING AND CALLING FOR AND WE
SHOULD ANTICIPATE THESE CHANGES
IN THE DIGITAL WORLD AND HAVE AN
ADAPTABLE FLEX ABLE SCIENCE SO
WHEN THE CHANGES OCCUR WE'RE
ALREADY READY TO ADDRESS WHAT
WARE DOING IN RESPONSE TO THEM.
JOHN, BROUGHT MULTI-MODAL
APPROACHES AND PITFALLS AND THE
VALUE OF TRYING TO USE
SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO UNDERSTAND
WHAT'S HAPPENING IN TDM AND A
STUDY THE PROBLEM IN ADOLESCENTS
AND APPLY THEM IN A WAY THAT ADD
VALUE IN OUR RESEARCH IS NOT
EASY WORK.
YOU DREW ATTENTION TO THAT AND
JOHN REMINDS US WE CAN'T JUST
THINK ABOUT OUR CHILDREN IN
THESE STUDIES AS LITTLE ADULTS.
THE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES REFLECT
IMPORTANT CHANGES IN THEIR
RELATIONSHIP TO TDM
TECHNOLOGIES.
AND FINALLY I THINK SEVERAL OF
YOU BUT JENNETTE AND MUNMUN AND
TO AN EXTENT TIERA BRING OUR
ATTENTION TO A NEED TO BALANCE
AND COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT
CONTENT AND USE EXPERIENCES
WHILE BEING MINDFUL ABOUT
PRIVACY AND CONSENT ISSUES.
THESE ARE SOME OF THE THINGS WE
HEARD ABOUT.
I'M GOING TO START THE GROUP OFF
WITH THE FIRST QUESTION.
IT'S TO EVERYBODY AND THEN WE'LL
OPEN THE FLOOR TO AUDIENCE
QUESTIONS AND QUESTIONS FROM
ONLINE LISTENERS.
HERE'S MY QUESTION, SO WE ARE
HEARING THIS PUSH FOR OBJECTIVE
MEASUREMENT AND MOVE AWAY FROM
SUBJECTIVE SELF-REPORT MEASURES.
I GET CONCERNED IN A FEW WAYS.
SO ONE, IT'S OVERWHELMING
AMOUNTS OF DATA AND AS SOME
TALKED ABOUT DATA SCRAPING AND
PASSIVE SENSING CULLING IT DOWN
TO SOMETHING MEANINGFUL BUT I
WANT TO HEAR EXACTLY HOW THAT'S
GOING TO WORK AND I WORRY ABOUT
ABANDONING SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE
AND THERE'S A LOT TO BE LEARNED
IN ASKING CHILDREN WHAT IT FEELS
LIKE NOT JUST HOW MUCH THEY'RE
DOING CERTAIN THINGS AND I WANT
TO HEAR ABOUT YOU ARE IN THE
SAME PLACE.
MY QUESTION IS, IS THIS
OBJECTIVITY GOING TO GIVE US
WHAT WE NEED AND ARE WE
CONCERNED ABOUT LOSING
SUBJECTIVE MEASURES?
>> I'LL JUMP IN FAST AND A RALLY
CRY FOR A PARENT REPORT PEOPLE
CAN THREE THINGS AT ME IF THEY
WANT AND ANOTHER THING IN
PEDIATRIC COUPLES IS PARENTS CAN
SAY THERE'S A PROBLEM AND IF YOU
LISTEN TO THEM PARENTS OFTEN ARE
A PRETTY GOOD PERSPECTIVE ON
WHAT'S GOING ON WITH THEIR CHILD
THAT MAY BE BIASSED TOWARDS
PROBLEMS RATHER THAN MY CHILD'S
DOING GREAT AND THE CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK AND GOING HOURS PER
DAY IS PROBABLY INADEQUATE AND
WE HAVE THE SCREEN CUE BASED ON
THE CONCEPTUAL MOLDS OF THE
GUIDELINES AND TDM AND ACCESS TO
SCREENS, FREQUENCY, CONTENT AND
CODE VIEWING ARE SOMETHING THE
EXPERTS ON THE PANEL AGREED WERE
IMPORTANT AND HAS 15 ITEMS AS A
COMPOSITE AND FORMS PSYCHO
METRICALLY PRETTY WELL AND FAZE
FAST AND YOU CAN USE IT
REPEATEDLY.
HAVING A MEASURE LIKE THAT I
THINK IS IMPORTANT.
IT'S ONE PIECE OF THE PUZZLE.
>> AND I WANT TO STRESS HOW
IMPORTANT PARSIMONIOUS IS AND I
HAVE BEEN ADVOCATING FOR
PARSIMONIOUS SENSE WHEN IT COMES
TO PASSIVE DATA COLLECTION
WHETHER ON SOCIAL MEDIA OR
PHONES OR SO ON.
IT'S NEEDED BECAUSE WE MAYBE
LOST OUR WAY IN THE CHALLENGES
AND IT COMES WITH BAGGAGE OF
PRIVACY AND CONSENT AND HARMS
AND WHEN WE TALK ABOUT PEOPLE
UNDER THE AGE OF 18.
TOO IT'S GOING TO BE IMPORTANT
TO COLLECT DATA AND WE CAN
DEFINE SUCCESS DEPENDING ON THE
QUESTION WE'RE TARGETING TO
ADDRESS BUT I THINK IT'S
IMPORTANT GOING FORWARD.
THE SECOND THING WE HAVE TO
RECOGNIZE DRAWING FROM THE WORK
WHICH IS PRIVACY IS CONTEXTUAL.
WHAT IS PARSIMONIOUS IN ONE
CONTEXT MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE
FOR ANOTHER CONTEXT.
WE HAVE TO RECOGNIZE FOR YOUNG
PEOPLE, PRIVACY MEANS DIFFERENT
THINGS IN DIFFERENT CONTEXT.
IN ONE CONTEXT THEY MAY BE OKAY
SHARING AND IN ANOTHER MAY NOT
BE.
AS RESEARCHERS IT'S IMPORTANT TO
RECOGNIZE THAT COMPLEXITY.
AND FINALLY, THE SUBJECTIVITY, I
THINK IT'S SUPER IMPORTANT AND
THAT'S WHAT I WAS TRYING TO GET
AT WHEN I SAID WE NEED TO
INCLUDE YOUTH ACTIVELY IN OUR
RESEARCH AND I THINK THAT'S
WHERE THE SUBJECTIVITY CAN COME
FROM IN TERMS OF WHERE THEY SEE
THE VALUE AND INTERPRET THEIR
OWN SOCIAL MEDIA AND DIGITAL
ACTIVITIES TO BE AND WHERE THOSE
HARMS AND BENEFITS LIE AND THEN
IMPORTANTLY HOW DO WE USE THAT
KNOWLEDGE TO BUILD OUR
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AND HOW
CAN THAT INFORMATION INFORM AND
HELP US INTERPRET THE RESULTS
BETTER.
>> WHEN IT COMES TO MENTAL
HEALTH AND WELL BEING WE NEED TO
RELY ON SELF-REPORTED MEASURES
WE KNOW FROM NEUROSCIENCE IT'S
ABOUT HOW WE PERCEIVE THE
REALITY AND ALSO WHEN IT COMES
TO SOCIAL MEDIA EXPERIENCES FOR
EXAMPLE THE OBJECTIVE DATA IS
IMPORTANT BUT AT THE SAME TIME
WHAT WE ARE LIKE IN MY
EXPERIENCE IN RECENT
META-ANALYSIS ON SOCIAL MEDIA
AND POSITIVE WELL BEING
INDICATORS AND MY DATA THE
CORRELATION IS SMALL WHEN YOU
LOOK AT SCREEN TIME, PASSIVE
USAGE, ACTIVE USAGE AND THE
CORRELATION WITH WELL BEING GETS
LARGER WHEN IT COMES TO
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES THAT
MAYBE WE'RE NOT MEASURING THAT'S
ANOTHER POINT.
SO LIKE RECENT META-ANALYSIS
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT POSITIVELY
ALIGNED EXPERIENCES INCLUDING
COMMUNICATION AND NEGATIVE
EXPERIENCES AS WELL INCLUDING
FOR EXAMPLE SOCIAL COMPARISON
AND THE EFFECT SIZE IS THEY GET
LARGER BUT THE AMOUNT OF
EVIDENCE IS LOWER.
SO WE HAVE A LOT OF STUDIES
PILING UP ON THE EFFECT BECAUSE
WHEN WE ASK ABOUT SCREEN TIME OR
PASSIVE USAGE WE'RE MISSING OUT
IF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS IS
INVOLVED AND AT THE SAME TIME MY
STUDY WHAT I FOUND IS AMONG LIKE
ALL THE MEASURES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
USAGE IF YOU ASK ARE WE YOU
WATCHING VIDEOS OR SCROLLING OR
POSTING OR COMMENTING AND MAYBE
THE EFFECT IS LARGE OR SMALL BUT
WHEN I WAS ASKING DO YOU HAVE
SOMEONE TO TALK TO, WERE YOU
FEELING APPRECIATED, PEOPLE WERE
PAYING ATTENTION TO YOUR
EMOTIONS AND YOU SEE THE EFFECTS
ARE TOTALLY DIFFERENT.
THEY'RE SELF-REPORTING
INFORMATION IS VERY IMPORTANT.
>> I THINK THE SELF-REPORT IS
REALLY IMPORTANT.
NUMBERS DO NOT TELL THE WHOLE
STORY OR INHERENTLY OBJECTIVE
AND I'LL GIVE AN EXAMPLE FROM MY
WORK WHEN I WAS DOING MY
DISSERTATION IN 2013 OR
SOMETHING THE STATISTICS AT THE
TIME SAID BLACK GIRLS
PARTICULARLY COLLEGE AGED BLACK
GIRLS HAD THE HIGHEST RATE OF
MEDIA CONSUMPTION AND THE
NARRATIVE AROUND THE NUMBERS IS
SOMETHING LIKE 15 HOURS A DAY.
IT'S BASICALLY LIKE THEY'RE NOT
SLEEPING.
THEY'RE ALL THESE OBJECTIVE
ANALYSES OF WHAT THAT MEANT THAT
THEY WERE NOT DOING HOME WORK
AND NOT SLEEPING AND THIS IS WHY
THEY'RE UNHEALTHY AND
INTERVIEWED 50 BLACK GIRLS FROM
ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND ASKED
THEM SO YOU HAVE THESE HIGH
MEDIA STATISTICS.
WHAT ARE YOU USING MEDIA FOR AND
THEY WERE LIKE ACTIVISM.
AND THEN I'M LIKE, OKAY, THIS IS
IN 2020 THE SURGEON GENERAL
ANNOUNCED I THINK THAT WAS WHEN
MENTAL HEALTH WAS DECLARED LIKE
A HEALTH CRISIS AND FOLKS WERE
LIKE IT'S COVID-19.
THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING
ACCORDING TO THE STATISTICS AND
I INTERVIEWED BLACK YOUTH AND A
SAID WE HAVE THIS MENTAL HEALTH
CRISIS AND I SAID IS IT COVID-19
AND THEY SAID NO, IT'S GEORGE
FLOYD AND SEEING ALL THE PEOPLE
HURT BY POLICE AND GLAD I'M HOME
BECAUSE I DON'T HAVE TO DEAL
WITH THIS AT SCHOOL AND WHEN WE
TALK ABOUT MARGINALIZED YOUTH
THEY'RE SPOKEN ABOUT FOR BUT
RARELY ARE THEY SPOKEN TO AND
WITHOUT THEIR VOICES WE CAN TEND
TO REEMPHASIZE THINGS ABOUT THEM
WHERE IT'S IMPORTANT TO HAVE
THEM AT THE CENTER.
>> I THINK THERE'S VALUE IN
INFORMATION IN LOOKING AT THE
POTENTIAL MISMATCH BETWEEN WHAT
PEOPLE THINK THEY'RE DOING
ONLINE AND WHAT THEY ARE DOING
ONLINE LOOKING AT THE AWARENESS
AND THE LACK THEREOF MAY EXPLAIN
SOME FINDINGS.
WE'LL TURN TO ONLINE LISTENER'S
QUESTION AND THEN GO TO
QUESTIONS LIVE.
>> STEP UP TO THE MICROPHONE TO
ASK QUESTIONS.
THE FIRST QUESTION FROM THE
VIRTUAL AUDIENCE, CAN THE PANEL
SPEAK TO THE POTENTIAL OUR --
THIS FOLLOWS ON THE DISCUSSION
ABOUT LIKE WHETHER OR NOT OUR
OBJECTIVE MEASURES ARE CAPTURING
WHAT'S HAPPENING, CAN THE PANEL
SPEAK TO THE STATISTICS AND
METHODS ARE NOT WELL SUITED FOR
ASSESSING GLOBAL SMALL EFFECTS
ON MENTAL HEALTH.
FOR EXAMPLE, IT MAY BE THE CASE
SOCIAL MEDIA DOESN'T HAVE
DRAMATIC IMPACT IN MENTAL HEALTH
BUT INCREASE IN SYMPTOMS BECAUSE
SOCIAL MEDIA IS STRONGER WHEN
CONTENT IS NEGATIVELY VALENCED.
>> THE META POINT IS WE MAKE IT
A SUBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT AND
KNOW FROM DECADES OF RESEARCH
THE BEST EVIDENCE IS CONVERGING
EVIDENCE AS JASON WAS SAYING AND
LEVERAGED BUT ONLY IF DONE WELL
IS IT A STUDY WITH PRECISE
MEASURES.
I THINK WE'RE MISSING A LOT OF
EFFECTS BECAUSE WE'RE LOOK FOR
THE EFFECTS WHEN THEY'RE WITHIN
BLUNT MEASURES OF THINGS THAT
ARE NUANCED.
OUR TOOLS AREN'T MATCHING THE
RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND EFFECTS
OUT THERE.
>> I'LL ECHO EVERYTHING HEATHER
SAID.
I THINK IT'S TRUE THE META
ANALYSTS SAY THE EFFECTS ARE
SMALL BETWEEN TDM USE AND MENTAL
HEALTH BUT I THINK IT'S
IMPORTANT TO LOOK UNDER THE HOOD
WHAT'S GOING ON AND I THINK
THERE'S PLENTY OF RESEARCH THAT
SAYS WHEN WE ADOPT THEM IN
STUDIES, LONGITUDINAL STUDIES
BEGIN TO SEE BENEFITS AND HARMS
COULD BE VERY COMPLEX AND
NUANCED AT THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL.
AS WE THINK ABOUT POLICY AND
INTERVENTIONS IT'S IMPORTANT TO
RECOGNIZE HOW HETEROGENOUS IT IS
AND IT'S PROBABLY RADICAL, WE
NEED TO THINK OF THE IMPACT OF
TDM ON MENTAL HEALTH MORE FROM
AN INDIVIDUAL PERSPECTIVE AND
RECOGNIZING THESE BENEFITS AND
HARMS BECAUSE AT THE POPULATION
LEVEL WHEN WE LOOK AT EVERYTHING
TOGETHER THEY ARE PRACTICALLY --
THERE'S NO RELATIONSHIP AT ALL.
THE OTHER THING I WOULD SAY IS
WE HAVE LOTS AND LOTS OF STUDIES
BUT LARGELY THEY'RE
CORRELATIONAL AND THERE'S A NEED
FOR MORE CAUSAL STUDIES TO
UNDERSTAND WHICH WAY THE
INFLUENCES OF THE TDM IS CAUSING
DEPRESSION OR IS IT PEOPLE WITH
MENTAL HEALTH STRUGGLES ARE
GOING TO THESE PLATFORMS BECAUSE
THEY DON'T HAVE OTHER SOURCES OF
SUPPORT ELSEWHERE?
AND BOTH MAY BE AT PLAY BUT WE
WON'T CONTINUE TO UNDERSTAND
WITHOUT ACKNOWLEDGING THERE'S
UNDERLYING CAUSALITY.
>> ONE FINAL COMMENT AND
MUNMUN'S POINT WAS EXCELLENT.
I THINK THERE'S POTENTIAL RISK
OF HARM.
ONE THING THAT DRIVES ME CRAZY
WHEN WE SAY THE EFFECTS OF TDM
ON MENTAL HEALTH IS SMALL I
THINK IT'S POPULATIONAL IT'S
TRUE BUT WITH THE EFFECTS ON ANY
GIVEN INDIVIDUAL COULD BE VERY
LARGE.
CLINICALLY THAT'S WHAT WE SEE
PARENTS SAY DOES TDM CAUSE ADHD
BUT KIDS WITH ADHD MAY GET WORSE
AND IT'S A FRAMEWORK AS AN
ACCELERANT THAN A CAUSAL THING
AND GETTING INTO THE MORE TDM AT
THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL IS REALLY
IMPORTANT.
>> HI, I'M ERIC MURPHY A PROGRAM
OFFICER AT NIMHD.
AS WE'RE THINKING ABOUT THESE
STUDIES THAT COME INTO US AND
TRYING TO THINK ABOUT IT, ONE OF
THE THINGS THAT'S ALWAYS ON MY
MIND IS THE ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY
OF WHAT WE'RE MEASURING AND
INFERG ABOUT THE DATA WE HAVE
AND TO POINTS DR. CHEIN AND NEXT
TO YOU, TANKSLEY WERE BRINGING
UP IN THEIR TALKS, THE RELEVANCE
OF DIGITAL LITERACY IS OBVIOUSLY
HUGE BUT IT'S ALSO REALLY HARD
FOR ME TO UNDERSTAND HOW WE
MEASURE THAT AND UNDERSTAND IT
AND I THINK OF LIKE MY YOUNG
SON'S BASEBALL PRACTICE WHERE'S
THEY'RE DOING DRILLS AND YOU CAN
SEE THEY KNOW HOW TO DO THE
THINGS WHEN THAT'S THE THING
THEY'RE FOCUSSING ON BUT THEY GO
TO A LIVE GAME AND SOMEONE HITS
A BALL AND IT'S LIKE THEY'VE
NEVER SEEN A BASEBALL BEFORE.
THE PARALLEL TO CONCEPTUALLY
KNOWING YOU MAY BE BEING
MANIPULATED OR THERE'S SOMEONE
BEHIND THE SCREENS CONTROLLING
THINGS IS THAT ACTUALLY PLAYING
OUT IN THE REAL WORLD
EXPERIENCES THAT ESPECIALLY
CHILDREN AND TEENS ARE WHEN
THEY'RE ENGAGING, DO THEY
REGULATE OR UNDERSTAND THAT IN
REAL TIME OR DO THEY SORT OF
BACK FILL, YEAH, THAT MAY NOT
HAVE BEEN ME THINKING WHAT I
THOUGHT I WAS THINKING AND MIGHT
HAVE BEEN MANIPULATED AND HOW
YOU THINK OF MEASURING OR
ACCOUNTING FOR THAT IN GENERAL
WOULD BE GREAT TO HEAR.
>> IN THE SUMMER PROGRAM I RUN
ARE FIVE WEEKS AND ESSENTIALLY
AT THE BEGINNING THEY DO A
SURVEY.
I'M BIG ON QUALITATIVE SO MY
COLLEAGUE DOES THE SURVEY.
ON THE FIRST DAY OF CLASS I
ESSENTIALLY ASK THEM HOW MANY --
LIKE WHAT'S A.I.?
WE CAN DO DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES
WHERE THEY CAN EXPRESS WHAT THE
THINK A.I. IS EVERY SUMMER I
HAVE GOTTEN ALMOST 100% PEOPLE
SAYING I DON'T KNOW WHAT A.I.
OUTSIZED ROBOTS OR THE
TERMINATOR.
AND THEN BY THE END OF THE CLASS
WE ASK THE SAME AND THEY GET
SPECIFIC, PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
AND THAT'S ONE MEASURE AND THE
PRE AND POST SURVEY BUT I WANT
TO FOCUS ON THE QUALITATIVE SO
AFTER EVERY SUMMER DO I
STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS WITH THE
YOUNG PEOPLE AND THIS IS USUALLY
A COUPLE WEEKS AFTER THE PROGRAM
HAS ENDED AND IT'S RIGHT BEFORE
THE ENDING OF THE SCHOOL YEAR
AND CATCH THEM AFTER THEY'VE
DONE SCHOOL A LITTLE BIT AND
EVERY TIME THE STUDENTS ARE
TALKING HOW THEY'VE ACTIVELY
BROUGHT THIS CONTENT INTO
SCHOOLS.
FOR THIS SUMMER IN PARTICULAR
STUDENTS WERE SAYING, YEAH, SO
I'M IN LOS ANGELES AND LAUSD
ORIGINALLY BANNED CHAT GPT BUT
THEN THIS SUMMER THEY ANNOUNCED
THEY WERE GOING TO IMPLEMENT
THEIR OWN CHAT GPT AND SO THE
STUDENTS WERE ESSENTIALLY
CALLING THE CONTRADICTIONS OF
LIKE, OKAY , MANY OF US GOT
SUSPENDED FOR CHEATING AND
UNETHICAL USE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANY TECHNOLOGIES IN SCHOOL ARE
IDENTIFYING US FOR SPEAKING
BLACK ENGLISH AS UNETHICAL USERS
OF TECHNOLOGY AND WE NEED TO
REDEFINE WHAT ETHICAL TECHNOLOGY
USE IS WAS BEAUTIFUL.
THEY CALLED THEIR TEACHERS IN TO
BE LIKE SHOULD WE BE BANNING
CHAT GPT OR WHAT DO WE MEAN BY
CRIME?
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY UNETHICAL
TECHNOLOGIES?
I THINK IT'S LIKE NOT ONLY
BECOMING LITERAL OF TECHNOLOGIES
WHERE THEY ARE AND HOW THEY WORK
AND WHAT THEY ARE BUT ADVOCATE
FOR YOURSELF AND HAVE THIS
RELATIONSHIP TO TECHNOLOGY.
THAT'S ONE EXAMPLE.
I FEEL LIKE I HAVE A LOT OF
EXAMPLES.
>> ONE MORE FROM THE ONLINE
AUDIENCE AND THEN ONE MORE FROM
THE ROOM.
HOW DO WE BALANCE PASSIVE
SENSING WITHOUT CREATING NEW
PRIVACY RISK FOR FAMILIES AND IN
A WAY FAMILIES FEEL COMFORTABLE
PROVIDING THAT ACCESS?
>> I THINK WE HAVE TO BE CAREFUL
ABOUT WHAT WE ASK FOR PERMISSION
TO HAVE ACCESS TO.
SO FOR EXAMPLE, I GET OUR FLASH
TV SYSTEM WHERE WE HAVE -- WE
USE A WEB CAM TO IDENTIFY
WHETHER OR NOT THE TARGET CHILD
IS THERE.
DON'T SAVE ANY OF THE VIDEO DATA
THOUGH IT WOULD BE NICE TO HAVE
TO BE ABLE TO GO BACK AND SEE
HOW THE SYSTEM'S PERFORMING.
WE FEEL THAT'S AN IMPORTANT
PRIVACY ISSUE FOR FAMILIES WHEN
THEY'RE HAVING A VIDEO CAMERA IN
THEIR HOME AND THEY'RE
CONSENTING TO HAVE THAT.
WE'RE ONLY COLLECTING THE DATA
STREAM THAT SAYS LIKE ARE THEY
LOOKING AT THE TV OR ARE THEY IN
FRONT OF THE TV.
MAKING SURE WHEN WE DEVELOP THE
TECHNOLOGIES WE'RE TRYING TO BE
PRIVACY PROTECTING IN DEVELOPING
THOSE.
AND THEN I THINK THE SAME GOES
FOR WHEN WE'RE ASKING FOR ACCESS
TO MOBILE DEVICE DATA AS WELL.
WHAT ARE THE VARIABLES THAT WE
NEED -- WHAT IS THE BARE MINIMUM
WE NEED TO ANSWER OUR RESEARCH
QUESTIONS BECAUSE THERE'S A LOT
OF THINGS THAT ARE GOING ON
THERE WE DON'T NEED TO KNOW
ABOUT.
IF THESE ARE SHARED DEVICES MAKE
SURE WE'RE NOT COLLECTING DATA
FROM OTHERS WHO HAVE NOT
CONSENTED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE
STUDY IS IMPORTANT.
AND I THINK THERE'S A LOT WE CAN
DO WHEN WE'RE SETTING UP OUR
STUDIES TO ENSURE WE ARE
INFORMING OUR PARTICIPANTS ABOUT
EXACTLY WHAT WE'RE COLLECTING
AND WILL HAVE ACCESS TO.
AND THEN MAKING SURE WE'RE NOT
GETTING MORE THAN WHAT WE NEED.
>> I'M A PROGRAM DIRECTOR OF
NIMHD FOR DIVISION OF
PSYCHIATRY.
I WAS INTERESTED IN THE
STATEMENT ABOUT AND A FACT THAT
WAS MENTIONED WE ACTUALLY WANT
OUR THEORYS AND HYPOTHESIS TO
FIT LIKE THE OLD WORD AND
INSTEAD THE MOST APPROPRIATE WAY
TO DO IT IS IDENTIFY THE SUBSET
OF PEOPLE OUR THEORY IS A GOOD
FIT FOR BECAUSE THAT WOULD BE
HUGE FOR ONLY THOSE WHO WE DON'T
DO ENOUGH OF THE TYPE OF
SCIENCE.
ONE WAY THAT WOULD BE BEST IS
BRINGING COMPETING HYPOTHESIS TO
THE TABLE EVEN ONES THAT ARE NOT
OURS AND SAYING WHICH ONE OF THE
GROUP OF THE POPULATION WE CAN
EXPLAIN WITH THE COMPETING
HYPOTHESIS.
THE IDEA IS IF WE HAVE ENOUGH
HYPOTHESIS WE CAN CALL IT THE
OLD WORD BUT WE CAN ONLY EXPLAIN
10% AND THE STUDIES ARE
UNIVERSAL AND SIMPLISTIC VIEW OF
THE WORD AND THAT'S WHAT THEY
SHOULD BE USED FOR.
>> I LOVE THAT.
I THINK THAT FITS INTO THE
CHILDREN ARE NOT SMALL ADULT
THINGS AND LOOKING AT THE
PARENTS FACE MORE OFTEN RATHER
THAN LOOKING AT THE TABLET.
GET THE SAME BENEFITS SOCIALLY
OR WHATEVER I THINK IS EXCELLENT
AND SAME DIFFERENT SUB
POPULATIONS THAT ARE PREDISPOSED
TO CERTAIN TYPES OF MENTAL
ILLNESS OR OBESITY OR WHATEVER
IT IS TO LOOK AT THE IMPACTS OF
TDM ON THESE GROUPS I THINK TO
ME SEEMS LIKE THE MOST BANG FOR
THE BUCK.
>> IF I COULD ADD A SMALL CAVEAT
WE HAVE TO BE CAREFUL TO
ACKNOWLEDGE THE THEORIES NEED TO
EVOLVE AS THE TECHNOLOGIES
EVOLVE.
AND I THINK TECHNOLOGY HAS THIS
WONDERFUL OR TERRIBLE THINGS
THAT ALLOWING THINGS THAT WERE
NOT POSSIBLE BEFORE AND AS WE
THINK OF MEASUREMENT AND THEORY
AND ALIGNING THE TWO SEEING
WHERE IT'S BEST APPLICABLE IT'S
IMPORTANT TO INVEST AND THINKING
ABOUT THE THEORY THAT GOES IN
HAND IN HAND WITH THE RAPIDLY
SHIFTING LANDSCAPE OF TDM IS
UPON US.
>> AND WITH THAT I THINK WE'RE
OUT OF TIME.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH TO ALL OF
OUR PANELISTS.
WE'LL NOW HAVE A 15-MINUTE BREAK
AND BACK AT 10:50.
>> WONDERFUL.
WELCOME BACK.
PEOPLE ARE STILL FILTERING IN.
GREAT PANEL ON CONCEPTUAL AND
MEASUREMENT ISSUES.
A WONDERFUL DISCUSSION.
OUR SECOND DAY HAS BEEN SOME OF
WHAT A FULL WAY OF DOING A
LITTLE MORE DISTILLATION AND
CONSOLIDATION PERHAPS PRUNING OF
THINGS AS WE MOVE TOWARDS REALLY
FIGURING OUT PRIORITIES, GAPS,
WHAT WE KNOW AND DON'T KNOW AND
THINGS OF THAT NATURE.
THE FINAL PANEL WE HAVE ALL THE
DISCUSSANTS FROM THE FIVE
PREVIOUS PANELS AND CO-CHAIRS TO
ADD ADDITIONAL COMMENTS AND THEN
THESE ARE THEN BASICALLY
QUEUEING UP THE WORKING GROUPS
WITH A WORKING LUNCH AND YOU'LL
FIND THE MYSTERIOUS DOTS ON YOUR
NAME TAG THEY HAVE A MEANING AND
WE'LL EXPLAIN IT AFTER THE
SESSION IS OVER.
AND WITH THAT, AS I SAY, THIS
SESSION IS PANEL 6, LAST ONE,
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE GAPS AND
FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN TDM
RESEARCH.
I'M NOT GOING TO INTRODUCE ALL
THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN ALREADY
INTRODUCED BUT WILL INTRODUCE
BRENDESHA TYNES AND NICK ALLEN
AND HAVE OTHER DISCUSSANTS START
IN TERMS OF GAPS AND FUTURE
DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR PANEL AND
WHAT THEY'VE BEEN HEARING OVER
ALL THE OTHER PANELS AND TRYING
TO TO DO DISTILLATION PROCESS.
>> THANK YOU EVERYONE FOR THE
OPPORTUNITY TO PARTICIPATE IN
THE LAST PANEL AND I'LL TALK
ABOUT THE PHYSICAL HEALTH AND
HEALTH BEHAVIORS GROUP AND ONE
OF THE IMPORTANCE OF THE IN
PERSON MEETING IS SIDE
CONVERSATION AND SHARING
EXPERIENCES THAT HAS REALLY
RESONATED WITH ME AND SO I THINK
I'LL TALK ABOUT THREE GENERAL
AREAS AND I THINK THE FIRST IS
IN TERMS OF RESEARCH GAPS AND
THEN FUTURE DIRECTIONS, WHAT I
HEARD AND THINK IS SO IMPORTANT
IS THIS TRANSLATION OF RESEARCH
INTO PRACTICAL GUIDANCE AND
POLICY TO HELP ANSWER REAL WORLD
QUESTIONS FOR PARENTS, CHILDREN,
ADOLESCENTS, CLINICIANS,
EDUCATORS THOUGH WE MAY NOT BE
AT THE LEVEL OF RCTs AND ROBUST
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES, PEOPLE ARE
HAVING TO MAKE REAL WORLD
DECISIONS NOW AND WE CAN'T LET
THAT GET IN THE WAY OF REAL
GUIDANCE.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OR GUIDANCE
THAT MAY BE MORE APPROPRIATE FOR
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES AND AGES
ARE MORE HELPFUL AND WHAT I
HEARD FROM THESE SESSIONS IS
JUST THE IMPORTANCE OF
INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONAL
GIVEDANCE FOR SEXUAL AND ETHNIC
MINORITY SUB GROUPS AND ALSO FOR
DIVERSITY ACROSS AREAS AND
DIVERSE SOCIO ECONOMIC
BACKGROUNDS AND THE AMERICAN
ACADEMY MUCH PEDIATRICS HAVE
TIPS AND GENERAL GUIDANCE WHICH
HAS BEEN WONDERFUL BUT SOME OF
THEM DON'T APPLY AND SO ONE OF
THE THINGS ABOUT FOR INSTANCE,
AN EXAMPLE IS A DESIGNATED
BEDROOM WITH A SCREEN FREE ZONE
MAY NOT BE POSSIBLE IN
HOUSEHOLDS DON'T -- WHERE
CHILDREN DON'T HAVE THEIR OWN
BEDROOM AND HAVE TO REACH
INDIVIDUAL SITUATIONS.
IN TERMS OF METHODS, I DO THINK
IT'S BEEN TO HEAR WHAT BEST
PRACTICES WOULD BE AND COULD BE
IN THE FUTURE AND CAN'T WAIT FOR
THE GOLD STANDARD RANDOMIZED
CLINICAL TRIALS OR THE
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES WITH
DECADES OF FOLLOW-UP BECAUSE
DECADES FROM NOW IT WILL BE TOO
LATE.
WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT MORE
INNOVATIVE WAYS OF GETTING REAL
WORLD DATA IN A WAY THAT'S
PRACTICAL.
WHILE SOME OF THESE POLICIES OR
GUIDELINES ARE IMPLEMENTED IN
THE STATE OF UTAH AND GET REAL
WORLD EXPERIENCE OR WHILE THE
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES ARE
IMPORTANT HAVING MICROSIMULATION
MODELS AND POOL THEM OVER TIMES
AND USED INFORM MODELLING
TECHNIQUES TO TRY TO INFORM
GUIDANCE.
A
AND WE KNOW LESS THAN 10% OF
RESEARCH IN ADOLESCENTS ACTIVELY
ENGAGE ADOLESCENTS AND THAT'S
THE CASE IN TECHNOLOGY AND
DIGITAL MEDIA AND IT SEEMS LIKE
EVERYONE AGREES ON THAT BUT IN
TERMS OF BARRIERS THERE'S
PRACTICAL BARRIERS.
IT SOUNDS GOOD TO SAY THAT BUT
IN REAL LIFE THERE'S PRACTICAL
BARRIERS TO DOING THAT AND I AND
THE TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT AND THE
SIDE CONVERSATIONS IS HELPFUL
FOR ME BECAUSE WE WERE
COMMISERATING WE WANT TO ENGAGE
YOUTH BUT THERE'S ETHICAL AND
PRACTICAL IRB ISSUES AND TO GET
APPROVAL THERE MAY BE LOTS OF
APPROVALS TO DO THAT AND THESE
YOUTH ADVISORS OR CONSULTANTS
ARE NOT REALLY RESEARCH
SUBJECTS.
THEY'RE NOT PARTICIPANTS.
THEY'RE ACTIVELY PART OF THE
RESEARCH TEAM IT'S A GRAY ZONE
BECAUSE NO ONE HAS DEVELOPED
FROM A HIGH LEVEL THERE'S NOT
GUIDANCE AND WE WANT TO
REIMBURSEMENT BUT THEY'RE ALL
PRACTICAL ISSUES OF REIMBURSING
MINORS AND CAN YOU PAY A MINOR
AND JUST TO SAY THAT WHILE IT
SOUNDS GOOD -- WE ALL WANT TO DO
THIS, LIKE THERE'S REAL BARRIERS
TO DOING THIS SUCCESSFULLY SO I
DO THINK ONE POTENTIAL NEXT STEP
COULD BE TRYING TO COME UP WITH
BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES OR
THINGS EVEN MAY NOT APPLY TO
EVERYONE BUT HAVING THEM AS A
STANDARD SO THEN WE CAN REFER
OUR ETHICS COMMITTEES OR
WHATEVER IT'S LIKE THE BEST
PRACTICE IN THE AREA AND WE'RE
NOT INDIVIDUALLY HAVING TO
REINVENT THE WHEEL WITH THE
BUREAUCRATIC CHALLENGES.
AND ONE LOGISTICAL CHALLENGE
I'LL SHARE IS WE ALWAYS WANT TO
HAVE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT
THE TABLE BUT THEY'RE IN SCHOOL
AND I DON'T SEE CHILDREN HERE
BECAUSE THERE'S PRACTICAL
CHALLENGE.
WE VIEW 9:00 TO 5:00 AND THAT'S
WHEN CHILDREN ARE IN SCHOOL AND
EVEN WITH OUR LAB MEETINGS
THERE'S ONLY TENSION THE ONLY
WAY WE CAN ENGAGE YOUTH IS
WEEKENDS AND EVENING AND THAT'S
WHEN EVERYONE WANTS TO BE HOME
AND THERE'S ISSUES TO THOUGHT
THROUGH CAREFULLY AND IT SOUNDS
GOOD TO DO IT BUT THERE'S
PRACTICAL BARRIERS TO BE THOUGHT
THROUGH.
THE FINAL POINT IS REFLECTING ON
THE AMAZING CONVERSATIONS AND
POINTS MADE AND THE IMPORTANCE
OF INTERDISCIPLINARY
COLLABORATION FROM BIOLOGICAL
HEALTH, EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL
SCIENCES AND ALSO
INTERGENERATIONAL COLLABORATION
NOT ONLY THINKING ABOUT CHILDREN
AND YOUTH BUT PEOPLE AT
DIFFERENT STAGES OF THEIR
CAREERS AND THINK HISTORICALLY
ABOUT SOME OF THE ISSUES THAT WE
WERE KIND OF REFLECTING BECOME
ON EVEN WHEN BOOKS WERE WHERE
NON SECULAR BOOKS WERE THOUGHT
TO BE CRAZY IN IDEAS AND THINK
HOW HISTORY CAN INFORM NOT AGAIN
HAVING THERE'S PRINCIPLES OR
THEORIES THAT CAN APPLY ACROSS
BUT ARE UNIVERSAL.
AS A FINAL CALL TO ACTION I
REALLY LOVER THE CONVERSATION
THAT HAVE STARTED IN THIS
MEETING AND IT WOULD BE
WONDERFUL TO CONTINUE THESE
CONVERSATIONS ZUGSZ AND
COLLABORATIONS EVEN AN MORE
FORMAL CAPACITY BECAUSE IT'S
BEEN WONDERFUL TO THINK THROUGH
NEXT STEPS.
>> WE'RE DOING WORK IN THE STATE
OF WASHINGTON AND UNITED STATES
AND LOOK AT BENEFITING OR
HARMING FROM SOCIAL MEDIA.
I ORIGINALLY TRAINED IN
COGNITIVE NEURO SCIENCE AND WAS
IN THE LAB AND REALIZED IF I
WANTED TO WORK WITH LATIN
AMERICAN POPULATIONS I HAD PO
MOVE TO SPACE WHERE'S I COULD
FIND YOUTH AND WAS DOING
RESEARCH IN THE U.K. AT THE TIME
AND YOU CAN IMAGINE THE TYPES OF
POPULATION THAT HAVE THE
ACCESSIBILITY AND COMFORT AND
KNOWLEDGE OF STUDIES THAT CAN
COME TO THE LAB AND TAKE A DAY
FROM SCHOOL AND PARTICIPATE.
WE TALKED ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE
OF CO-PARTICIPANTS IN RESEARCH
AND TEACHERS AND PRACTITIONERS
ARE LIKELY TO HAVE AT THE TABLE.
WE HEARD THEY'RE CLOSER TO
UNDERSTANDING THE NEEDS OF YOUTH
AND WHEN IT'S HARDER TO REACH
CHILDREN AND YOUTH AND THAT'S
WHEN I STARTED MY WORK IN
SCHOOLS AND WANT TO TALK ABOUT
MY WORK IN SCHOOLS.
WE'VE HEARD ABOUT RESEARCH TODAY
AND YESTERDAY BUT WANTED TO TALK
ABOUT THE INTERVENTION SPACE
WHICH I THINK IS EQUALLY
IMPORTANT AND A I SEE THAT AS A
FUTURE DIRECTION AND GUIDELINES
IN RESOURCES AND SCHOOL
INTERVENTIONS MAY BE A WAY TO GO
FORWARD.
SO HOW DO WE EFFECTIVELY PROMOTE
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP SKILLS IN
YOUTH AND THAT'S A VERY BIG
CONCEPT WE USE TO DESCRIBE ALL
THE SKILLS AND ABILITIES THAT
YOUTH NEED TO BE NOT ONLY SAFE
ONLINE BUT ACTIVELY AND
MEANINGFULLY AND PARTICIPATING
IN THE ONLINE WORLD.
THAT'S A BIG TASK.
WE HEARD ABOUT THE BENEFITS THE
ONLINE WORLD HOLDS WITHOUT
TRAINING AND SCAFFOLDING AND
WITHOUT REGULATION AND
AGE-APPROPRIATE DESIGN IT'S HARD
FOR KIDS EVEN IF THEY'RE DIGITAL
NATIVES TO CONTEND WITH THE
POWERFUL TECHNOLOGIES.
WE TALKED SO MUCH ABOUT
DEVELOPMENTAL WINDOWS AND ONE
WINDOW IS EARLY ADOLESCENTS.
I THINK IT'S QUITE UNIQUE IN
MANY WAYS.
WE HEARD EARLIER TODAY AND
YESTERDAY ABOUT NEUROLOGICAL
CHANGES OCCURRING AT THIS TIME
WHERE YOUTH START TO GO A BIT
FROM FAMILIES AND PEERS AND
THEY'RE INTERESTING IN MEETING
PEERS ONLINE BUT STILL A TIME
WHERE THEY'RE A BIT MORE OPEN TO
ADULT GUIDANCE.
EARLY ADOLESCENCE IS THE TIME TO
INTERVENE AND THE TIME AT WHICH
YOUNG PEOPLE ARE PERHAPS GETTING
THEIR FIRST PHONE.
THEY HAVE AUTONOMY IN THEIR O
OWNERSHIP AND OPENING SOCIAL
MEDIA ACCOUNTS BEFORE THEY'RE 13
AND SEE THIS AS A KEY TIME FOR
INTERVENTION.
WE FOCUS ON EARLY ADOLESCENCE
MIDDLE SCHOOL AS A KEY
INTERVENTION.
MY EXPERIENCE HAS BEEN ADAPTING
AND TRANSLATING THE DIGITAL
TOOLS AND WHAT WAS ORIGINALLY
DESIGN FOR THE U.S. AND BEING
USED AROUND THE WORLD INTENSELY.
THAT HAS SIX MODULES.
I THINK IT'S A GOOD REFLECTION
ON THE MANY ASPECTS THAT WE NEED
TO BE INTERVENING ON.
SO THOSE MODULES TALK ABOUT WELL
BEING AND BALANCE AND DIGITAL
SECURITY AND FOOTPRINT AND
PERMANENT FOOTPRINT ONLINE AND
HATE SPEECH AND CYBER BULLYING
AND DIGITAL LITERACY AND THERE'S
GAMES WHERE YOUTH ARE CONFRONTED
WITH THE RISKS BEFORE THEY HAVE
SEEN THEM IN THE REAL WORLD AND
HOPE ANY THEY CAN GET PRACTICE
AND DEVELOP THE ACTION PLANS FOR
HOW TO ACT LATER.
CURRENTLY THOSE MATERIALS AND
OTHERS ARE SCHOOL BASED AND THEY
NEED TO TAKE TIME FROM OTHER
CLASSES AND NEED TO BE TRAINED
IN ADDITION TO EVERYTHING ELSE
THEY'RE DOING.
IN TERMS OF INTERVENTIONS, I
WANTED TO TALK ABOUT MY
EXPERIENCE FIRST I DO SEE A BIG
GAP THERE'S A LACK OF CONTE
CONTEXTUALIZED APPROACHES AND
LATE ADOLESCENTS, YOUNG ADULTS
AND HOW CAN WE INCORPORATE THE
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE FROM AROUND
THE WORLD THAT RECOGNIZE YOUTH
IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE
WORLD MAY HAVE DIFFERENT NEEDS
AND ASSETS.
I LOVE THE WORDS BY OUR
COLLEAGUE, ON THE CRITICAL A.I.
LITERACY AND LOOK MORE INTO THAT
BUT THOSE ARE THE TYPES PROGRAMS
WE NEED AND HIGHLIGHT THE
DIGITAL WELLNESS AND MOVING TO
THE THRIVING SPACE DEVELOPED BY
EMILY WEINSTEIN AND KERRY JAMES.
A SECOND GAP I SEE IN THE SCHOOL
PACE AND IN THE FAMILY SPACE AS
WELL IS WHAT ARE THE EFFECT
METHODS FOR TEACHING THESE
THINGS IN THE SCHOOL AND FAMILY.
I THINK OUR RESEARCH SHOULD BE
ASKING THE QUESTIONS EXPLORING
IN TECHNIQUES AND APPROACHES.
ONE THING WE'RE TRYING OUT IN
THE LAB IS REALLY LEVERAGING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING.
WE KNOW YOUTH ARE SUCH EXPERTS
WITH TECHNOLOGY AND THEN IT
HAPP
HAPPENED TO ME AND WE TALK ABOUT
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP AND I GIVE
THEM A PEN AND PAPER AND/ OUR
WORK IS SLOW MOVING.
ONE THING THAT'S IMPORTANT IS
COLLABORATING WITH THE SOCIAL
MEDIA LAB AT CORNELL AND THEY
DEVELOPED A WONDERFUL TOOL
CALLED SOCIAL MEDIA TEST FLAME
AND IT'S DESIGN FOR THIS EARLY
ADOLESCENCE TIME.
IT'S A SIMULATED INSTAGRAM,
FACEBOOK PLATFORM WHERE YOUTH
ENCOUNTER RISKED AND KIDS GO
ONLINE AND GO THROUGH THE
TRAINING IN THEIR OWN TERMS IN
THEIR OWN EXPERIENCES AND IT'S
AN EXPERIENCE IN SOCIAL MEDIA
WHICH I REALLY LIKE.
AGAIN IN MY LAB I FEEL LIKE
WE'RE ALWAYS PLAYING CATCHUP AND
HEARD ABOUT ISSUES WITH
TRANSLATION AND
CONTEXTUALIZATION WE HAVE BEEN
TRANSLATING THE PLATFORM FOR TWO
YEARS WITH THE RESEARCH TEAM.
IT'S HARD WORK TO DO AND WE'RE
HAPPY WE NOW HAVE FOUR WORKING
MODULES IN SPANISH.
THERE'S BEEN EVALUATION OF THE
DIGITAL PROGRAMS AND THE
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF
THE PROGRAMS IS IN IT'S INFANCY
AND WE TALK ABOUT MEASUREMENT OF
TDM AND MENTAL HEALTH.
HOW ARE WE MEASURING THE SKILLS?
WHAT IS DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP AND
HOW DO WE MEASURE IT
EFFECTIVELY?
I'VE BEEN STRUGGLING WITH THIS
AND TEACHING KIDS WELL-BEING AND
BALANCE AND NEWS LITERACY.
WHAT IS ONE QUESTION THAT CAN
LET US EVALUATE OR INTERVIEWS TO
THAT ALLOW TO US EVALUATE THE
IMPACT?
I WANT TO TOUCH ON SAMPLE
DIVERSITY WE HAVE BEEN GOING
OVER YESTERDAY AND TODAY AND TDM
IS LARGELY DESIGN IN THE
U.S. AND EUROPE AND NOW CHINA.
IT'S GOING TO BE REGULATED IN
COUNTRIES AND THE MAJORITY OF
THE USERS ARE NOT IN THOSE
COUNTRIES OF COURSE.
THE FUTURE RESEARCH WILL
CONTINUE IT SHED LIGHT ON BEST
PRACTICES AND PROGRAMS TO
PROMOTE MANY DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
SKILLS IN ADOLESCENTS AROUND THE
WORLD.
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CULTURE
AND CONTEXT OF YOUTH AND IN
ORDER TO INTERVENE IS WHERE
RESEARCH IS SO IMPORTANT WE NEED
TO BE BETTER AT UNDERSTANDING
THE CONVERSATIONS WE'VE BEEN
HAVING AROUND HETEROGENEITY AND
DYNAMIC NETWORK OF RISK AND
PROTECTIVE FACTORS, WHAT CAN WE
INTERVENE ON AND IT'S A BIG
TEST.
WE HEARD ABOUT THE DYNAMIC
DIGITAL LANDSCAPE AND THE META
VERSE AND ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE AND THE NOTE ON
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND
SOMETHING I READ THAT HAS BEEN
HAUNTING ME FOR A WHILE.
I REALIZED THE IMPORTANCE OF
CONTENT MODERATION.
IT'S SO IMPORTANT WE'RE DOING
THAT EFFECTIVELY.
CONTENT MODERATION REQUIRES
GREAT HUMAN COST.
WE ASKED WHO IS A CONTENT
MODERATION WORK FOR AND THEY
REPORTED ON THE ISSUE MANY YOUTH
IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH ARE WORKING
THROUGH THE COMPANIES DOING THE
CONSTANT MODERATION.
CONTENT MODERATION NOT ONLY
HARMING ADULTS WHO HAVE TO
CONTEND WITH UPSETTING CONTENT
NOW THERE'S YOUTH OF COURSE
DOING THIS MODERATING CONTENT
FOR YOUTH IN THE GLOBAL NORTH.
SO THAT HAUNTS ME.
I DON'T KNOW.
I'M PUTTING THAT ON THE TABLE
AND I'LL STOP THERE.
>> JASON AND LUCIA ALREADY
SUMMARIZED A LOT OF WHAT PEOPLE
HAVE DISCUSSED SO I THINK IT'S
GOING TO BE TOUGH FOR ME BUT
I'LL TRY.
IN TERMS OF WHAT I HEARD OVER
THE LAST TWO DAYS, WHICH HAS
BEEN AMAZING TO ME, I WOULD LIKE
TO FOCUS ON JUST A COUPLE
POINTS.
I HEARD A LOT OF AND I WAS SO
HAPPY TO HEAR A LOT ABOUT THE
CONSTANT FOCUS ON DEFICITS
CREATED BY SOCIAL MEDIA
INTERACTIONS WHEN TEAMS IN I
THINK OUR EXPERIENCES HAVE BEEN
TALKING A LOT ABOUT THE POSITIVE
THINGS THAT THEY DERIVE FROM
THEIR SOCIAL MEDIA INTERACTIONS.
AND NOT SUFFICIENTLY ADDRESSED
BY THE CURRENT RESEARCH.
NOT AFTER LEAST IN RELATIONSHIP
TO THEIR MENTAL HEALTH OR
WELL-BEING OR PHYSICAL HEALTH
OTHERWISE.
MOVING FORWARD AND ONE GAP WE
RECOGNIZE IS WE MIGHT NEED TO
LOOK A LITTLE MORE INTO THAT.
THAT PRESENTS CHALLENGES EVEN
FROM CONCEPTUALIZING AND MODELS
WHERE, WHERE DO I PUT THE MENTAL
WELL BEING?
IS THAT MY PRIMARY OUTCOME?
IS THAT MY SECONDARY OUTCOME?
WHAT WILL NIMHD SAY ABOUT MENTAL
WELL BEING AS A SECONDARY
OUTCOME?
IT SHOULD BE DEPRESSION OR THOSE
TYPES OF DISCUSSION.
IT THAT'S A KNOWLEDGE GAP THAT
IS NOT JUST US, THE RESEARCHERS,
I MEAN, THE TEAMS, THE PEOPLE
WHO WE WORK WITH IN OUR RESEARCH
ARE TELLING US THAT AS WELL.
SO WE'RE JUST REPEATING WHAT
WE'RE POTENTIALLY HEARING FROM
OUR RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS.
MOVING FORWARD IN THE
MEASUREMENT AREA, WHEN WE THINK
ABOUT THINGS LIKE BULLYING AND
PHYSICAL AND CYBER BULLYING,
YEARS OF RESEARCH HAVE SUPPORTED
THESE ARE TWO CONSTRUCTS WITH
TWO TYPES OF IMPACT ON THE
NEGATIVE SIDE.
BACK TO THE NO.ING POSITIVE
SIDE, SO -- ON THE NEGATIVE
SIDE AND IF WE LOOK AT THE
POSITIVE FACTORS FOR MENTAL OR
PHYSICAL HEALTH IN OUR OFFLINE
LIVES LIKE SOCIAL SUPPORT AND
CONNECTEDNESS AND INTERACTIONS A
QUESTION IS HOW DO THEY
TRANSLTRA
TRANSL
TRANSLATE?
DO THEY TRANSLATE IN THE ONLINE
ENVIRONMENTS AND HOW ARE THEY
DIFFERENT?
AND I'LL USE THE SCALE FOR
SOCIAL SUPPORT AND ASK ABOUT HOW
IS THAT WORKING OUT FOR YOU ON
SOCIAL MEDIA OR DO WE NEED TO
DEVELOP NEW MEASURES?
THAT INCLUDE THE SPECIFIC --
SPEAKING ABOUT CONTEXT, THE
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF
SOCIAL MEDIA FOR EXAMPLE.
IF WE ANSWER THOSE QUESTIONS,
HOW PROTECTIVE ARE THEY?
ARE THEY PROTECTIVE ABOVE AND
BEYOND THE IN PERSON
EXPERIENCES?
AND IF THEY'RE NOT, ARE THEY
PROTECTIVE IN A WAY THAT MAYBE
CAN BE USEFUL TO THOSE WHO
CANNOT OBTAIN THOSE PROTECTIVE
FACTORS IN PERSON.
BECAUSE A LOT OF TIMES THE
QUESTION WHAT SEEMS TO BE THE
ULTIMATE QUESTION IS OKAY, DOES
THIS PROTECT OR GO ABOVE AND
BEYOND WHAT WE ALREADY KNOW.
IT MAY NOT GO ABOVE AND BEYOND.
BUT IF IT'S WHAT SOMEONE FROM OR
A TEAM THERE A MARGINALIZED
BACKGROUND IS ABLE TO OBTAIN AT
A SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE
TO HELP DERIVE SUPPORT OR
CONNECTIONS IN AN ENVIRONMENT
THAT'S NOT HELPFUL FOR THOSE
INTERACTIONS MAY BE USEFUL EVEN
FIT -- IF IT DOESN'T GO ABOVE
AND BEYOND AND WE DON'T THE
ANSWERS AND THOSE ARE KNOWLEDGE
GAPS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS.
FINALLY, MOVING FORWARD AFTER WE
ANSWER OUR QUESTIONS, AND
INTEGRATING THEM IS AN
OVERWHELMING PRIORITY FROM WHAT
I HEARD AND THERE'S A REAL
CHALLENGE IN ADDRESSING THE IRB
AND ADMINISTRATIVE CHALLENGES
THAT RESULT FROM THE INTEGRATION
EITHER FOR CONSENT OR FOR
PAYMENT OR OTHER INTERACTIONS.
WE ALL HAVE EXPERIENCES FROM THE
CHALLENGES WE FACE AND CONTINUE
TO FACE DURING THIS TASK THAT I
THINK SUMMARIZING THOSE WOULD BE
HELPFUL AND IT'S A BIG QUESTION
IN TERMS OF ETHICAL STUDIES
RELATED TO TECHNOLOGY AND
DIGITAL HEALTH FOR THE FUTURE AS
WELL.
I'LL STOP THERE.
THANK YOU.
>> SO I ANTICIPATED THE
PANELISTS ON THE GROUP WILL
COVER A LOT OF TERRITORY AND
I'LL VEER A LITTLE BIT OFF
COURSE AND I'LL SAY SOME THINGS
I THINK ECHO A LOT OF WHAT WE'VE
BEEN HEARING BUT SAY IT IN A
SLIGHTLY MORE PROVOCATIVE WAY
BECAUSE I WANT TO SAY IT RIGHT
I'LL GO OFF WHAT I WROTE DOWN SO
FIRST OFF, I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE
THIS FIELD HAS MADE AMAZING
PROGRESS TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TDM
AND DEVELOPMENT.
SO WHAT I'M ABOUT TO SAY NOT
MEANT TO UNDER CUT THAT IN ANY
WAY BUT WHAT TO UNDER SCORE IS
DESPITE OUR BEST EFFORTS THIS
FIELD STILL CAN'T ANSWER SOME OF
THE MOST BASIC QUESTIONS THE
PUBLIC IS ASKING US IN A
DEFINITIVE WAY.
IT'S ABOUT CONDUCTING SCIENCE IN
A WAY MISMATCHED TO PUBLIC
EXPECTATIONS ABOUT WHAT THE
SCIENCE CAN SAY.
HERE'S SOME BASIC QUESTIONS WE
CAN'T ANSWER.
WE CAN'T ACTUALLY TELL ANYBODY
WHAT KINDS OF TDM EXPERIENCES,
ACTIVITIES ARE HARMFUL OR ARE
BENEFICIAL.
WE CAN'T TELL YOU HOW MUCH IS
TOO MUCH.
WE CAN'T TELL YOU HOW YOUNG IS
TOO YOUNG.
THESE ARE QUESTIONS THE PUBLIC
ARE ASKING BUT WE DON'T HAVE
DEFINITIVE ANSWERS TO.
AND HERE'S THE PROVOCATIVE PART.
MY ASSERTION IS THAT IN ALL
LIKELIHOOD SCIENCE WILL NEVER BE
ABLE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS
DEFINITIVELY.
I'LL SAY THAT AGAIN AND
UNAPOLOGETICALLY.
IN ALL LIKELIHOOD SCIENCE WILL
NEVER BE ABLE TO ANSWER THESE
QUESTIONS IN A DEFINITIVE WAY.
WHAT I'M ASKING FOR IS WE AS A
FIELD GET COMFORTABLE WITH THAT.
WE OWN IT.
AND WE'RE TRANSPARENT ABOUT THE
FACT WE'RE OPERATING SOMETIMES
MAYBE SOMETIMES FROM
UNCERTAINTY.
WE NEED TO COMMUNICATE SCIENCE
IN A WAY THE PUBLIC CAN
UNDERSTAND THAT UNCERTAINTY AND
IT DOESN'T MEAN WE SHOULD BE
DETERRED OR DOESN'T MEAN WE
DON'T HAVE GOOD, MEANINGFUL
INFORMATION FROM THE EVIDENCE WE
COLLECT.
IT JUST MEANS WE NEED TO
COMMUNICATE THE SCIENCE IN A WAY
THAT MATCHES WHAT WE DID AND
ADDRESSES THE MISMATCH TO PUBLIC
PERCEPTION.
I'LL BACK UP MY ARGUMENT.
I KNOW WE TALKED ABOUT THE
CHALLENGES THE FIELD CONFRONTS
SO YOU CAN ALREADY UNDERSTAND
WHY IT'S HARD TO ACHIEVE THE
KIND OF CAUSAL EVIDENCE THAT
STANDS OR MEETS THE STANDARD OF
PROOF FOR A SCIENTIFIC CAUSALITY
AND THE POINT I'M MAKE IS IT
ALSO MISMATCHES WHAT THE PUBLIC
HEARS AND WHAT THEY UNDERSTAND
WHEN THEY HEAR SOMEBODY SAY THE
SCIENCE SHOWS THAT SOMEBODY IS
THE CASE.
WHY IS THAT?
I'LL GIVE THREE REASONS.
WE HEARD THE REASONS AND LAID
THEM OUT A LITTLE BIT AT LENGTH.
THE FIRST REASON IS THERE'S AN
INFINITE SET OF POSSIBILITIES.
SO WE KNOW -- WE'RE CALLING IT
TECHNOLOGY IN DIGITAL MEDIA IN
THIS WORKSHOP.
THAT'S AN UMBRELLA TERM.
IT'S VERY INCLUSIVE.
I THINK YOU'VE HEARD ALL OF US
REFLECTING ON THE FACT WE
UNDERSTAND IT'S NOT A MONOLI LIC
SET OF ACTIVITIES AND WE DON'T
KNOW.
IS IT SCREEN TIME THAT MATTERS
OR SPECIFIC ACTIVITY LIKE SOCIAL
MEDIA OR GAMING THAT WE SHOULD
BE FOCUSSING ON OR A NUANCED
CONTENT SOMEONE ENCOUNTERS IN
THOSE EXPERIENCES OR THE WAY
THEY INTERACT.
IS IT TOTAL USAGE TIME FREQUENCY
OF CHECK AND DRACSES AND
DISPLACEMENT OF OTHER
ACTIVITIES.
DO THEY INTERACT WITH
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE
INDIVIDUAL INTERACTING WITH TDM?
IT'S AN INFINITE SPACE FOR US TO
TRY TO TEST IN.
WE UNDERSTAND THAT BUT I DON'T
THINK THE PUBLIC FULLY
UNDERSTANDS THE PROBLEM.
THERE'S A COMBINATORII AL
PROBLEM AND WE SHOULD ADDRESS
THEM AS ANSWER.
WE CAN TRY AND WAIT AND SEE WHAT
THE RESULTS ARE DEVELOPMENTALLY
BUT CAN'T CONDUCT ENOUGH SCIENCE
TO FILL THE SPACE OF
POSSIBILITIES.
WE SHOULD OWN THAT.
REASON NUMBER TWO AND WE HEARD
IT A FAU TIMES IN THE SESSIONS,
OVER THE LAST DAY AND A HALF IS
THAT TECHNOLOGY IS JUST MOVING
TOO FAST.
THE TECHNOLOGY MOVES FASTER THAN
THE RESEARCH CAN.
THE DESIGNERS OF THIS ATTENTION
ECONOMY DON'T CARE ABOUT OUR
WORK AND INTRODUCING TWEAKS AND
NEW TOOLS UNDER CUTTING THE
SCIENCE WE BEGIN TO ENGAGE IN.
WE MIGHT BE ABLE TO ADAPT LIKE
DEVELOP SOME FLEXIBLE NIMBLE
APPROACH THAT ANTICIPATE THOSE
CHANGES BUT ANY WAY WE DO THAT
IT NECESSARILY CREATES CHANGES
IN THE ARMOR OF EXPERIMENTAL
CONTROL.
WE'RE GIVING UP SOME OF WHAT WE
WANT AS A SCIENTIST IN ORDER TO
BE NIMBLE.
REASON THREE, LET ME SCROLL AND
REMIND MYSELF WHAT I WANTED TO
SAY.
SOMETHING WE REFLECTED ON AND WE
KNOW WE CAN'T CONDUCT TRUE RCT
EXPERIMENTS THE TYPE WE WANT TO
THAT ARE DEVELOPMENTALLY
RELEVANT?
NOT SAYING WE CAN'T DO
EXPERIMENTAL WORK.
WE CAN.
WE CAN RUN SHORT TERM
INTERVENTIONS AND LOOK AT NEAR
TERM LOCAL EFFECTS THEY MIGHT
HAVE ON BEHAVIOR AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING.
THAT WE CAN DO BUT WE CAN'T RUN
THE REAL EXPERIMENT WE WANT
BECAUSE IT'S UNETHICAL OR
IMPRACTICAL BUT TO GIVE A SENSE
OF A CAUSAL AFFECT AND WE
RANDOMLY ASSIGN CHILDREN TO A
CONDITION WHERE WE TELL THEM AND
THEIR PARENTS FOR THE NEXT
SEVERAL YEARS YOU HAVE TO TAKE
ON VERY HEAVY DOSES OF TDM
ACTIVITY AND SORRY, OTHER GROUP
OF KIDS WE'RE GOING TO HAVE YOU
REFRAIN UNTIL WE OBSERVE THE
OUTCOMES.
THAT'S THE RTC WE'D WANT TO
CONDUCT TO DESCRIBE CAUSALITY
AND WE DON'T DO THAT
PRACTICALLY, ETHICALLY, WE
WOULDN'T WANT TO DO THAT BUT
BECAUSE OF THIS WE WOULDN'T GET
AT THE DEFINITIVE ANSWERS THE
PUBLIC THINKS WE'RE GOING TO GET
GIVE THEM.
WHAT'S MY POINT IN ALL THIS?
I'M NOT SAYING WE SHOULD THROW
IN THE TOWEL.
NOT AT ALL.
WHAT I AM SAYING IS THAT WE
SHOULD BE SETTING THE PUBLIC'S
EXPECTATIONS AND OUR OWN
EXPECTATIONS APPROPRIATELY.
SO TO THE NON SCIENTISTS
LISTENING IN I'M ASKING TWO
THINGS.
I'M BEGGING YOU FOR PATIENCE.
THIS SCIENCE TAKES A LONG TIME
AND YOU NEED TO WAIT IT OUT.
IF YOU'RE JUMPING TO
CONCLUSIONS BEFORE WE CAN
PRODUCE FINDINGS WE CAN'T HELP
YOU AND GUIDE YOU IN THE WAY YOU
THINK WE CAN.
AND ANYONE ESPECIALLY SOMEONE
WHO APPEALS TO AUTHORITY AS A
SCIENTIST IS TRYING TO TELL YOU
WE KNOW DEFINITIVELY THE ANSWER
TO THESE QUESTIONS YOU SHOULD BE
HIGHLY SKEPTICAL OF WHAT THEY
HAVE TO SAY.
TO THE SCIENTISTS WHAT I'M
SAYING IS YES, WE SHOULD KEEP
PRESSING ON TRYING TO DEVELOP
NEW METHODOLOGIES AND GETTING
BETTER AT WHAT WE DO BUT WE
SHOULD CELEBRATE WHAT WE CAN DO
AND CELEBRATE BEING STUCK IN
QUASI EXPERIMENTAL LAND.
THE CORRELATIONS WE DISCOVER ARE
MEANINGFUL AND ESTABLISH
RELATIONSHIPS IMPORTANT TO STUDY
AND DESERVE FURTHER RESEARCH AND
THE PLAUSIBILITY FOR CAUSAL
ARGUMENT.
OUR LONGITUDINAL WORK, OUR
WITHIN PERSON DESIGNS ALLOW US
TO ESTABLISH INFORMATION ABOUT
TEMPORAL PRECEDENCE AND FROM
THAT VANTAGE POINT WE HAVE THE
ABILITY TO MAKE VALID
PREDICTIONS ON WHAT WILL BECOME
OF SOMEBODY WHO PRESENTS IN A
CERTAIN WAY EARLIER IN LIFE AND
THE OUTCOMES THEY'RE GOING SHOW
LATER ON.
THEY'RE STILL VALID PREDICTS
EVEN IF AND HERE'S MY REFRAIN,
WE'RE NEVER GOING TO BE ABLE TO
UNDERSTAND THE FULL CAUSAL
EVENTS THAT LED TO THOSE
OUTCOMES.
THANK YOU.
>> I'LL JUST ADD ONE THING,
JASON, THERE'S NO SUCH THING AS
A BLIND CONTROL GROUP.
THEY KNOW IF THEY HAVE A TABLET,
PC OR APP.
IT'S SOMETHING YOU CAN ADDRESS
BUT ANOTHER COMPLICATION.
RACHEL.
>> SO I'M NOT SURE I'M QUITE AS
PESSIMISTIC AS JASON, AND A
HUNDRED YEARS AGO WE'VE COME
WITH SO MUCH INFORMATION THE
FRAMEWORKS CONSIDER A LOT OF THE
THINGS THAT WERE DISCUSSED IN
THE LAST TWO DAYS.
SO WHAT ARE THE ACTUAL
CONSTRAINTS ON THE SYSTEM AND
THE CHILD AND THE THINGS THAT
WILL SUPPORT POSITIVE OUTCOMES
AND MAY RESULT IN MORE NEGATIVE
OUTCOMES AND I THINK THIS IS THE
SUMMARY JUST TO FOLLOW ON WHAT
JASON -- TO SUMMARIZE IN A
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT WAY MAXIMIZE
THE NEGATIVE AND REDUCE THE HARM
OF TECHNOLOGY.
THAT'S OUR ULTIMATE THOUGHT.
THESE FRAMEWORKS WILL ALLOW US
TO SAY OKAY, WHAT ARE THE
CONSTRAINTS ON THE CHILD AT
THESE DIFFERENT WINDOWS?
OBVIOUSLY, I THINK 0 TO 5, WHY
WOULD YOU GO BEYOND 5 YEARS?
AND OTHER GROUPS AND THERE'S
WINDOWS WE'VE TALKED ABOUT THE
P
PRENATAL PERIODS AND CHILDHOOD
IS DIFFERENT FROM PRESCHOOL AND
DIFFERENT FROM PREPUBERTY AND
THERE'S MULTIPLE OPPORTUNITIES
FOR US TO INTERVENE.
EVEN IF THINGS GO GREAT AT THE
BEGINNING, THERE MAY BE A BIG
MIGHT BE GREAT CONTENT AT THE
BEGINNING AND THEN POOR
EXECUTION LATER ON.
WE NEED TO SORT OF KEEP LOOKING
AT EACH OF THESE DIFFERENT
WINDOWS.
THAT MODEL AROUND CHILD
CONSTRAINTS AND THE OTHER MODEL
PRESENTED WAS THE DREAMER MODEL
WHERE WE CONSIDER THE FAMILY
MEDIA ECOLOGY.
CHILDREN ARE GROWING UP AND ALL
OF US ARE USING MEDIA.
HALF ARE QUICKLY CHECKING
E-MAILS IN BETWEEN AND LOOKING
AT EACH OTHER HALF THE PEOPLE
ARE AND ZOOM AND QUICKLY DOING A
MEETING AND IT'S NOT JUST
CHILDREN IN THIS WORLD.
WE NEED TO CONSIDER THE WHOLE
FAMILY MEDIA ECOLOGY AND I WOULD
ARGUE THE SCHOOL MEDIA ECOLOGY
AS WELL.
AND IF WE DO THAT, WE SHOULD
CONSIDER NOT JUST THE PARENT AND
CHILD UNIT WHICH WE HAVE BEEN
FOCUSSED ON, I MYSELF AM
SLIGHTLY BUT CONSIDER MULTIPLE
GENERATIONS, THE GRANDPARENTS,
CAREGIVERS AND ALSO SIBLINGS.
SIBLINGS ARE A GROUP WE KIND OF
HAVE A CONTROLLED FOR THE FACT
THERE'S ONLY TWO SIBLINGS AND
THE MEDIA WORLD S ARE DIFFERENT
WITH INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES.
WE NEED TO CONSIDER THAT FAMILY
MEDIA ECOLOGY AND REASONS FOR
USE BY EACH PERSON AT DIFFERENT
TIMES IN THIS DYNAMIC AND
RELATIONSHIP WAY EMBEDDED WITHIN
THE STRUCTURAL CONTEXT WE HEARD
A TON ABOUT OVER THE PAST TWO
DAYS.
THERE ARE SO MANY STRUCTURAL
FACTORS DETERMINING THE
TECHNOLOGY AND ALGORITHMS WE'RE
GIVEN AND ALSO VIRALITY AND
INCOME AND OTHER IMPACTS OF
MEDIA WE NEED TO CONSIDER.
THE OTHER QUESTION IS HOW DO WE
MEASURE ALL THIS?
WE HAVE SO MANY OF THESE THINGS.
I WANT TO REITERATE WHAT WAS
SAID BY A LOT OF PEOPLE, WE HAVE
TO WORK TOGETHER ON THIS.
THIS IS GOING TO BE TEAM SCIENCE
AT ITS BEST.
WE'RE GOING CREATE THE SHARED
RESOURCES WHERE WE CAN AGREE ON
SOME SHARED CONTENT FRAMEWORK
AND AGAIN TO THE POINT OF JASON,
BEST IS THE ENEMY OF GOOD.
WE HAVE TO BE ABLE TO COME UP
WITH A FRAMEWORK.
IT'S NOT GOING TO BE PERFECT.
THE MEDIA IS GOING TO CHANGE BUT
CAN WORK TOGETHER TO BUILD A
DATABASE TO HAVE SOME AGREED
PRINCIPLES.
WE'RE NOT GOING TO BE ABLE TO
CODE ALL THE CONTENT IN THE
WORLD BUT WE'RE GOING GET GOOD
SUBSETS WE CAN ALL USE RELIABLY
DISCUSS WITH ONE ANOTHER.
A CONTENT DATABASE WOULD BE
GREAT IDEA.
I DO THINK WE NEED IMAGING
ISSUES AND GOING OUT IN THE WILD
AND TAKING -- THIS IS JUDITH HAD
THIS IMAGE OF THE BACKPACKS ON
KIDS AND IN 2002, 20 YEARS LATER
WE CAN GO OUT IN THE WILD AND GO
GREAT IMAGING AND SCANNING AND
FIGURE OUT HOW KIDS ARE USING
MEDIA AND HOW THEIR BRAINS ARE
RESPONDING AT THE DIFFERENT
AGES.
AND THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF DEBATE
ABOUT LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH.
HOW SHOULD WE DO IT.
THERE'S MULTIPLE TIME SCALE.
THAT'S THE BEST THING THAT'S
COME FROM THE DISCUSSIONS TODAY.
WE CAN DO THESE INTENSIVE SHORT
TERM DESIGNS.
WE CAN DO DAILY MONITORING,
ECOLOGICAL MONITORING AND DO
PASSIVE SENSING OF SHORT PERIOD
OF TIME WHICH PROTECT THE
PRIVACY AND TURN OFF AND BE VERY
CLEAR WITH FAMILIES WE ARE ONLY
GOING TO ACCESS A PARSIMONIOUS
AMOUNT OF THEIR DATA FOR A SHORT
PERIOD OF TIME AND THE TECH
COMPANIES ARE ALREADY COLLECTING
AND USING 24/7 THAT WE CAN USE
IT AS RESPONSE ARABLE AND
ETHICAL RESEARCHERS ONLY WHAT WE
NEED IN A SHORT TIME SPANS.
WE CAN DO THOSE WITH FUNCTIONAL
DESIGNS AND EMBED THEM AND BE
CLEVER AND EMBED A LONGITUDINAL
DESIGN TO A, B, C, D, INTO ECHO?
THERE'S ALREADY ONGOING RESEARCH
WHERE WE CAN CONTRIBUTE AND ADD
IN SOME OF THESE SAMPLE DESIGNS
AND DO OTHER LONGITUDINAL
DESIGNS AND I'LL GLOSS OVER , WE
ARE GOING TO DESIGN BETTER
MEASURES THAT CROSS OVER AND SO
ON.
AND MY FINAL POINT IS THAT WE
CAN'T DO THIS JUST AS
RESEARCHERS.
WE NEED TO COLLABORATE WITH
POLICY MAKERS AND INDUSTRY AND
HOW DO THE INABILITY OR SETTING
EXPECTATION OF WHAT CAN WE
EXPECT FROM SCIENCE TO BE
TRANSLATED TO FAMILIES WORK WITH
SCIENCE COMMUNICATORS AND WORK
WITH FAMILIES AND TEACHERS AND
GREAT AMBASSADORS THAT MANY OF
US AND LIBRARIANS AND
ORGANIZATIONS FOR MANY GROUPS
WELL EQUIPPED TO HELP INCLUDING
PEDIATRICIANS.
AND I THINK WE SHOULD CONSIDER
HOW WE CONSIDER THE
RELATIONSHIPS AND NEED TO BE IN
A ROOM WITH POLICY MAKERS,
INDUSTRY, SCIENTISTS AND
FAMILIES ALL TOGETHER TO TRY AND
SOLVE SOME OF AS THE PROBLEMS
AND ONE OF THE PROBLEMS WE HAVE
HIGHLIGHTED WAS THAT PLATFORM
HAVE A TON OF DATA AND RESEARCH
COMMISSION AND BALANCE THE NEEDS
IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND AND
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS OTHERS ARE
ABLE TO ANSWER.
>> THANK YOU.
I JUST WANT TO QUICKLY SAY FOR
PEOPLE ATTENDING VIRTUALLY, IF
YOU WANT TO GO AHEAD AND START
SUBMITTING QUESTIONS, THE OTHER
THING I WOULD INVITE IF THERE'S
TOPICS OR ISSUES THAT HAVEN'T
BEEN ADDRESSED OVER THE LAST DAY
AND A HALF, RAISE THOSE AS WELL
BECAUSE THIS IS THE TIME.
CAN HAVE THAT INPUT.
OKAY.
WITH THAT, NICK.
>> CONTRIBUTING IN ACCENTS.
WE SOUND COMPLETELY DIFFERENT TO
EACH OTHER JUST SO YOU KNOW.
I'VE REALLY -- THE THOUGHTS I'M
GOING RAISE ARE NOT NECESSARILY,
SO MANY GREAT POINTS HAVE BEEN
RAISED THEY'RE NOT NECESSARILY
THE MOST POINT POINTS BUT TRYING
TO PRESENT WHAT IS COMPLIMENTARY
TO WHAT'S ALREADY SAID.
HERE'S A COUPLE THOUGHTS FROM
ME.
FIRST OF ALL, I THINK ONE REALLY
BIG ISSUE IS HOW WE BECOME
PROACTIVE AND WE'RE HERE 20
YEARS AFTER THE ADVENT OF SOCIAL
MEDIA AND STILL SAYING LIKE IT'S
ALL CORRELATIONAL AND
SELF-REPORT.
WE DON'T REALLY KNOW AND SMALL
EFFECTS.
IT'S A LONG TIME TO NOT HAVE A
GOOD ANSWER TO THAT AND THAT'S
BEEN AROUND FOR A LONG TIME AND
THE FACT IS THIS TECHNOLOGY
WE'RE JUST ON THE VERGE OF
SEEING NEW TECHNOLOGIES COME
INTO THE FIELD AND YOU DON'T
HAVE ARE TO HAVE SECRET SPIES OF
THE TECH COMPANIES TO KNOW IT.
IT'S ENTIRELY PREDICTABLE.
MUCH OF IT.
SOME OF IT IS NOT AND MUCH.
TWO EXAMPLES, ONE I MENTIONED
THE OTHER DAY.
SMART GLASSES ARE GOING TO BE A
BIG THING.
THE ATTACK COMPANIES ARE PUTTING
EIGHT OF MONEY INTO IT AND
THERE'S DEVELOPMENT IN THE
SPACE.
IN THE FUTURE, AND NOT TOO
DISTANT FROM NOW A LOT OF US
WILL BE WEARING THESE AND WE'LL
HAVE CAPABILITIES THAT ARE NEW.
AND I WILL ALSO BE DISRUPTIVE
AND WILL HAVE EFFECT AND SO
FORTH LIKE THAT.
WE CAN PREDICT THAT.
WHY DON'T WE START DOING
RESEARCH ON THAT NOW RATHER THAN
WAITING UNTIL SOMEONE AS A
CORRELATION WHERE THERE'S
SOMETHING BAD GOING ON AND
PARENTS STOP FREAKING OUT.
LOOK, THERE'S GOOD PRINCIPLED
REASONS TO THINK THIS GOING TO
BE A DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS.
WE KNOW SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND
TO COGNITIVE LIFE OR WHATEVER
YOU WANT TO CALL IT AND A SECOND
THING IS ALREADY WE KNOW
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS
HAVING CUTS AND LET'S HAVE A
RESEARCH AGENDA NOW RATHER THAN
WAITING UNTIL WE START TO SEE
SIGNS IN SOME QUALITY
CORRELATIONAL DATA AND THE
PEOPLE ARE LIKE WHAT SHOULD WE
DO IN TERMS OF REGULATION AND
POLICY.
THERE'S A NUMBER OF OTHER
TECHNOLOGIES I COULD MENTION BUT
THE POINT IS THESE ARE
PREDICTABLE AND THERE WILL BE
NATURAL EXPERIMENTS WE CAN TAKE
ADVANTAGE OF.
EVEN IF WE CAN'T DO THE RCTs WE
CAN LOOK AT THE DATA AND PREPARE
BY COLLECTING THE RIGHT COHORT
DATA AS THESE THINGS COME
ONLINE.
BEING PRO-PROACTIVE RATHER THAN
REACTIVE IS SOMETHING THE FIELD
NEEDS TO DO AND THINK IT'S NOT
THAT HARD IN SOME CASES.
WE HAVE SOME GOOD IDEAS WHAT
NEEDS TO BE PROACTIVE.
THE SECOND THING IS ABOUT
ENGAGING INDUSTRY.
INDUSTRY'S NOT HERE AND THERE'S
SOME GOOD REASONS BUT THE FACT
IS PRODUCT MANAGERS OF LARGE
TECH COMPANIES CAN MAKE
DECISIONS THAT RENDER OUR
RESEARCH IRRELEVANT.
THE TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES ARE
COMPLEX ORGANIZATIONS AND HAVE
JOBS FOCUSSED ON USER WELL BEING
AND EXPERIENCE THAT HAVE
THOUGHTFUL PEOPLE, INTELLIGENCE
PEOPLE WORKING IN THEIR
COMPANIES BUT THEY WORK WITHIN A
COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT TOO AND WHEN
THEY WANT TO SUGGEST SOMETHING
AS A PRODUCT CHANGE OR SOMETHING
LIKE THAT, THAT COULD BE
BENEFICIAL TO WELL-BEING THEY'LL
TALK TO SOMEONE SAYING WHO IS
THE ROI ON THAT AND RETURN ON
INVESTMENT FOR THE COMPANIES
BECAUSE THEY'RE COMPANIES,
RIGHT.
WE HAVE TWO CHOICES HERE.
IN A WAY BOTH ARE VALID.
WE JUST NEED TO HAVE
COMPLIMENTARY STRATEGIES.
ONE IS TO SAY OKAY, WE'RE GOING
TO SAY THIS SYSTEM IS BAD, IT'S
BASICALLY CAPITALISM.
IF YOU DON'T LIKE CAPITALISM YOU
CAN CRITIQUE THAT AND TRY TO
CHANGE THAT AND I'M WITH YOU.
I'M NOT AVERSE TO THAT.
THE OTHER WAY TO APPROACH IT IS
TO SAY WE NEED TO MAYBE THINK
ABOUT WHEN WE'RE THINKING ABOUT
OUR SOLUTIONS, WHERE'S THE ROI
FOR THE COMPANY?
THAT'S THE ARGUMENT THAT'S GOING
TO WIN AT THE END OF THE DAY IN
THE COMPANY.
SIMPLY SAYING THIS IS BETTER
FOR KIDS' MENTAL HEALTH THEY'LL
SUPPORT THAT BUT HOW CAN WE
THINK OUT PROPOSALS TO THESE
COMMERCIAL IMPERATIVES NOT
BECAUSE WE THINK THEY'RE THE
MOST IMPORTANT THING BUT BECAUSE
THEY'RE THE THINGS THAT WILL GET
SOMETHING DONE.
ONCE AGAIN WE'RE SIGNATURE HERE
PASSIVELY RESPONDING TO WHAT THE
COMPANIES DO, CAN WE GET THERE.
AND YOU'LL FIND PEOPLE AND I
HAVE FOUND PEOPLE WITHIN THE
COMPANIES WHO ARE GOOD ALLIES
FOR THIS.
THEY WILL NOT NECESSARILY --
THEY'RE ALMOST NEVER BE THE
FINAL DECISION MAKER AND THE
THIRD QUESTION IS HOW CAN YOU
ENGAGE AND WORK WITH THEM TO GET
AS THE THINGS DONE BECAUSE THIS
HAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN THE PAST
WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES.
AUTOMOBILES.
IT'S A DEADLY PRODUCT.
THERE'S A COMBINATION OF
REGULATION AND BETTER DESIGN AND
THE BETTER DESIGN IS THE PATH
THE COMPANIES CAN CONTRIBUTE TO
AND THROUGH THAT WE HAVE MADE
MOTOR CARS LESS DEADLY.
THOUGH THEY STILL ARE.
OVER TIME YOU CAN'T ONE THE
BATTLE IN A PERFECT WAY.
IN TERMS OF WHAT'S MISSING I
WANTED TO EMPHASIZE WE'RE LIVING
IN AN ERA CREATING DATA SET ON
HUMAN BEHAVIOR LARGER THAN HAS
EVER EXISTED.
WE KNOW LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS
EXIST BECAUSE OF A LARGE CORPUS
OF DATA CREATED BY THE INTERNET
THAT COULD BE SCRAPED AND
ANALYZED, SO FORTH.
AND THE POINT IS WE'RE ALSO
CREATING THINGS LIKE THIS AND
THIS AND THINGS LIKE MY PHONE
AND MY POCKET.
I'M CREATING DATA ALL THE TIME
SO I'M BEHAVING AND AS
BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS WE HAVEN'T
HAD SUCH AN INCREDIBLE DATA SET
BUT WE CAN'T GET ACCESS?
WHY?
IT'S NOT PUBLIC FACING THE WAY
LANGUAGE IS.
IT'S TUCKED AWAY IN DIFFERENT
REPOSITORIES AND SO FORTH.
I THINK ANOTHER THING IS HOW DO
WE HARMONIZE AND BRING TOGETHER
THE AMAZING DATA SET BEING
DEVELOPED SO WE CAN APPLY IT TO
THE REALLY BIG PROBLEMS THAT
WE'RE FACING AND I PUT IT TO YOU
THE BIG PROBLEMS WE FACE ARE
BEHAVIORAL.
WHETHER WE TALK ABOUT CLIMATE
CHANGE, WAR, CONFLICT, MENTAL
HEALTH, GO ON.
MOST THE MOST BURDENSOME
DISEASES WE DEAL WITH THESE DAYS
HAVE EVEN THE MEDICAL DISEASES
HAVE A STRONG BEHAVIORAL
COMPONENT WHETHER IT'S HEART
DISEASE, DIABETES, THE
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE AND
WE'VE COLLECTING A HUGE DATA SET
WE NEVER HAVE BEFORE AND DON'T
HAVE ACCESS TO IT FOR THE PUBLIC
GOOD.
THAT'S ANOTHER CHALLENGE FOR US
AS WELL.
ANYWAY, THAT'S MY COUPLE
THOUGHTS DESIGN TO BE
COMPLIMENTARY TO OTHER THINGS.
I'VE BEEN SAYING THIS FOR
DECADES AND THE PAST TWO DAYS
CONFIRM YOU CAN'T FULLY
UNDERSTAND MANY ASPECTS OF YOUNG
PEOPLE'S DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE
TECHNOLOGY PLAYS.
AND YOU CAN'T GRASP THE ROLE
TECHNOLOGY PLAYS WOULD
UNDERSTANDING THE ANTI-BLACK
RACISM AS DR. TANKSLEY MENTIONED
ARE BUILT TO THE ALGORITHMS OF
OUR YOUNGS' PEOPLES LIVES.
JESSE DANIELS SAID WE'RE LIVING
THROUGH A SECOND GENERATION ARE
OF SUPREMACY AND THERE'S BEEN A
HIGHEST LYNCHINGS TO DATE AS
WELL AS NEW JIM CROW LAWS AND
FOREIGN POWERS HAVE TARGETED
BLACK PEOPLE IN INFORMATION
CAMPAIGNS TO GET THEM TO VOTE IN
THEIR INTEREST OR STAY HOME FROM
THE POLLS.
WE HAVE WHITE SUPREMACISTS
COMMITTING MASS SHOOTING AND
SYSTEMIC SCORING OF BLACK
PATIENTS WITH THE SAME LEVEL OF
RISK AS WHITE AND BLACK PATIENTS
HAD MORE SERIOUS HEALTH NEEDS.
OUR OWN SURVEY DATA SHOWS
EXPONENTIAL INCREASE AT ONLINE
DATA TARGETING AND BEING
TARGETED AS CRIMINALS, LAZY AND
PEOPLE WHO SHOULDN'T HAVE
CERTAIN RIGHTS LIKE VOTING.
EXPERIENCE THREATS OF VIOLENCE
AND CAUSE FOR BLACK GENOCIDE.
AS WE CONSIDER FUTURE
DIRECTIONS, WE CAN'T AFFORD TO
DO BUSINESS AS USUAL THERE NEEDS
TO BE TRAINING IN THE HISTORIES,
CULTURES AND DEVELOPMENT OF
GROUPS THEY STUDY IN ORDER TO DO
RIGOROUS RESEARCH AND NOT CAUSE
HARM IN ADDITION TO THEIR
GROUNDBREAKING WORK, ALGORITHMS
OF OPPRESSION TALKED ABOUT THE
NEED TO USE BLACK STUDIES
INCLUDING BLACK FEMINIST THOUGHT
IN AOUR APPROACH TO STUDYING
TECHNOLOGIES AND TEENS NEED
TRAINING IN CRITICAL A.I. AND
DIGITAL STUDIES AND THIS IS
ALONG WITH THE TRAINING IN THEIR
PRIMARY DISCIPLINE.
I AGREE WITH THE CALLS FOR
DIGITAL LITERACY BUT IT HAS TO
GO BEYOND TRADITIONAL DIGITAL
LITERACY WE'VE BEEN DOING THE
PAST DECADE OR SO.
TO WHAT WE CALL DIGITAL RACE AND
PEOPLE UNDERSTAND RELATIONSHIPS
AT USE WITH TECHNOLOGIES AND
LEARN TO RECOGNIZE AND EVALUATE,
RESIST AND COPE WITH THE RACISM
THAT THEY ENCOUNTER IN DIGITAL
MEDIA AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES.
MY TEAM AND I INCLUDING
DR. WILLIS WHO WAS HERE
YESTERDAY CONDUCTED THE FIRST
NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE STUDY
OF GENERAL AND RACE-RELATED
DIGITAL LITERACIES DURING AND
AFTER THE 2020 ELECTION BEF
BEFORE -- LOOK FOR A REPORT IN A
COUPLE MONTH AND SAVED A DIGITAL
LITERACY AND REAL-WORLD TASKS
PEOPLE WOULD HAVE SORT OF
INCLUDING BOTSES AND TROLLS ON
THE DIFFERENT PLATFORMS THEY MAY
ENCOUNTER AND MAY ASK THEM ABOUT
THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH
INFLUENCERS AND WE HAVE
OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS.
WE ASKED ABOUT THEIR DIGITAL
LITERACY CHALLENGES ON A DAILY
BASIS AND ASKED ABOUT THEIR
PERCEPTIONS OF ABILITIES AND
WANTED TO COME AT THIS FROM
MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES AND WE'RE
USING WHAT WE LEARNED IN THAT
STUDY TO INFORM THE DESIGN OF
THE FIRST DIGITAL LITERACY AND
MENTAL HEALTH PLATFORM.
I WAS AWARDED THE NIH
TRANSFORMATIVE RESEARCH AWARD IN
2023 TO CREATE THIS MENTAL
HEALTH PLATFORM AND I'M HOPING
THAT THIS LEADS TO A WORLD WHERE
YOUNG PEOPLE CAN THRIVE ONLINE
AND HOPEFULLY NAVIGATE THE
DIGITAL LANDSCAPE THEY
ENCOUNTER.
I'LL STOP THERE.
>> THANK YOU.
THAT WAS AMAZING.
IF PEOPLE WANT TO LINE UP
QUESTIONS AT THE MICROPHONES WE
DO HAVE TWO ONLINE QUESTIONS.
I'LL GO AHEAD AND START WITH THE
FIRST ONE.
THE FIRST ONE IS, TO WHAT EXTENT
DO WE NEED TO DEVELOP MORE
SPECIFIC TERMINOLOGY TO DE MAR
-- DEMARCATE SIMILARITIES AND
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SEARCH
ENGINES, CHATGPT OR YOUTUBE
VIDEO AS INFORMATION SOURCES?
>> I THINK THIS IS A CRITICAL
ISSUE WHICH IS THAT WHAT IS OUR
UNIT OF ANALYSIS?
BECAUSE I DON'T WANT -- AND THE
POINT IS THERE'LL BE DIFFERENT
UNITS OF ANALYSES FOR DIFFERENT
QUESTIONS DEPENDING ON WHAT YOUR
QUESTION IS.
AND FOR SOME QUESTIONS LIKE
DISPLACEMENT, SCREEN TIME IS
ACTUALLY NOT A BAD MEASURE OF
WHAT YOU WANT TO KNOW.
BUT THEN IF YOU'RE INTERESTED IN
OTHER THINGS, THEN IT'S A REALLY
TERRIBLE MEASURE.
SO IN A WAY, ONE THING THAT WE
ARE STILL STRUGGLING TO EVEN
UNDERSTAND MEDIA USE, FOR
EXAMPLE, IN TERMS OF THE LEVEL
OF THE APP BUT WHAT ABOUT THE
LEVEL OF THE FEATURE?
IT'S REALLY PROBABLY WHERE A LOT
OF THE ACTION IS TO BE FRANK.
THERE'S PROBABLY TWO AREAS, ONE
IS THE INNER PROCESS LEARNING
AND WE KNOW THE INTRODUCTION OF
SEARCH FEATURES SUCH AS FACEBOOK
FEED OR LIKES ARE CONSIDERED
HUGE MILESTONES IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGIES
AND YET WE DON'T LOOK THAT THE
LEVEL.
I THINK WE NEED TO INCLUDE
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANALYSIS AND
GOES DOWN TO THE FEATURE LEVELS
BECAUSE THEY'RE OFTEN WHAT DRIVE
CHANGES IN PEOPLE'S BEHAVIOR AND
HOW THEY INTERACT WITH THE
PRODUCT.
>> I AGREE WITH EVERYTHING YOU
SAID, NICK.
I DON'T WANT TO SOUND SO
PESSIMISTIC -- I'M ACTUALLY VERY
OPTIMISTIC WHAT THE FIELD CAN
DO.
WE NEED A NOMENCLATURE AND I
THINK THE FIELD STRUGGLES WITH
THIS BECAUSE WE DON'T KNOW WHO
WE WANT TO TALK TO ON THIS
WHETHER THE SCIENTISTS ARE USING
DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE
SAME PROBLEMS OR SPACES THAT ARE
RECOGNIZED BUT OUR WORDS ARE THE
WRONG WORDS AND NOT THE SAME
TERMS AT THE SAME TIME I'M THINK
HOW QUICKLY TECHNOLOGY MOVES AND
A SUSPECT NO MATTER WHAT WE DO
WITH THE TAXONOMY OF THE SPACE
WE'LL HAVE TO KEEP ADAPTING IT
AND KEEP CHANGING AS NEW
TECHNOLOGIES EMERGE AND THERE'S
DIFFERENT PROBLEMS THAN THE ONES
WE DEVELOPED THE TAXONOMY FOR
AND THINK ABOUT WHERE WE WERE IN
THINKING ABOUT TELEVISION AND
THE WORDS WE DESCRIBED WITH
INTERACTIONS AND NEW TECHNOLOGY
AND WE NEED NEW WORDS LIKE
ACTIVE OR INTERACTIVE THAT
CHANGE THE WAY WE APPROACH THE
PUBLIC.
>> VERY QUICKLY AND TO FOLLOW UP
ON MY COMMENTS BEFORE IS TO SAY
THAT'S THE LEVEL AT WHICH THE
TECH COMPANIES YOU ADDED -- THEY
THINK ABOUT FEATURES.
THEY THINK ABOUT PLATFORMS AND
FEATURES AND THE RESEARCH
THEY'RE DOING IS ABOUT THE
INTRODUCTION OF THE FEATURE AND
SO THIS IS ANOTHER AREA WHERE
THERE'S A POINT OF POTENTIAL
COLLABORATION.
>> NICK, CALLING ON SOME OF YOUR
EARLIER COMMENTS, IF YOU PUT
YOUR WHOLE RESEARCH FOCUS ON 3-D
TELEVISION, IN OTHER WORDS,
THERE'S SOME THINGS BUT THE
WHOLE THING WITH A.I.,
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, NATURAL
LANGUAGE PROCESSING, THE MINING
THINGS ARE HERE.
WE'RE EVEN HAVING TO THINK ABOUT
HOW WE ADDRESS WITH THAT PEOPLE
WRITING THEIR NIH APPLICATION
FOR RESEARCH GRANTS.
THE TARGETING AND THE WAY THAT
YOU'LL BE ABLE TO DO SOME OF
THESE THINGS THE ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE MAY GREATLY
ACCELERATE THE CAPACITY IS NOW.
AND THAT'S WHERE -- IT'S
SOMETHING WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT
AS THESE THINGS EVOLVE AND I
THINK THAT'S PART OF THE THING
WITH THE QUESTION, PEOPLE THINK
ABOUT GOOGLE, OKAY, BUT HOW DO
THEY DIFFER.
PEOPLE GO TO YOUTUBE AS A
CURATED SOURCE BUT IF YOU LOOK
AT WHAT'S ON YOUTUBE KIDS AND I
HAVE AN ANECDOTAL THEY STARTED
IT FOR KIDS.
THERE'S KIDS WATCHING IT AND THE
MUSIC IS THEY'LL SAME YOU'D
EXPECT BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE
CONTENT ONLINE IT WAS HORRIBLY
VIOLENT AND THIS IS REALLY
INAPPROPRIATE FOR THE AGE OF MY
CHILD.
ABOUT WHAT IS THE CURATION AND
HOW MUCH YOU CAN REALLY TRUST.
THOSE ARE REAL OPEN QUESTIONS IS
THAT SOMETIMES I THINK AS THINGS
EVOLVE THEY'LL CONTINUE.
>> A FINAL NOTE YOUNG PEOPLE ARE
NOT USING SEARCH ENGINES.
THEY'RE USING TIKTOK.
THEY USE IT AS A WOULD USE
GOOGLE BECAUSE IT GIVES THEM
SHORT VIDEOS THAT EXPLAIN
WHATEVER THEY WANT TO LEARN
WHETHER IT'S A MAKEUP ROUTINE OR
WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE WORLD.
YOUNG PEOPLE ARE GOING TO TIC
TOCK.
I DON'T SEE IT AS A SEARCH
ENGINE BUT YOUNG TEEM PEOPLE DO
AND WE SHOULD PAY ATTENTION TO
THAT.
>> THANK YOU TO THE PANELISTS
AND I'M A RESEARCHER FROM
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN.
I STUDY DIRECT OBSERVATION OF
SOCIAL MEDIA BEHAVIORS AND
SOCIAL AND WELL BEING WITH A
FOCUS ON GENDER AND THROUGH MY
WORK AND THROUGH THE WORKSHOP
THERE'S THE ROLE OF ADULTS AT
LARGE IN THE EFFECTS TECHNOLOGY
HAS ON MENTAL HEALTH OF YOUNG
PEOPLE AND I'M NOT TALKING ABOUT
THE PEOPLE WHO DESIGN THE TECH
OR RESEARCHERS OR CAREGIVERS.
I'M TALKING ABOUT THE PUBLIC.
AND THE EXPOSURE MUCH YOUNG
PEOPLE TO TRAUMA THROUGH SOCIAL
MEDIA.
TRAUMA THAT IS PERFORMED BY
ADULTS.
SO CONFLICT, RADICALIZATION,
RACIALIZATION AND THE
EXPERIENCES CHILDREN HAVE IS
BECAUSE OF ADULT BEHAVIOR.
IT'S HARD TO SEPARATE.
I THINK MUNMUN TALKED ABOUT THE
PHONE, THE DEVICE NOT A USEFUL
MEASURE IT'S WHAT YOU EXPERIENCE
THROUGH THE DEVICE THAT MATTERS
IN TERMS OF ESPECIALLY
SPECIFICALLY MENTAL HEALTH SO I
THINK FROM ANY WORK WITH TRANS
KIDS, THERE'S SO MUCH
ANTI-TRANSLATION THAT TARGETS
YOUNG PEOPLE THAT HAS BEEN
DEVELOPED BY ADULTS AND THERE
ARE ADULTS TALKING ON SOCIAL
MEDIA ABOUT TRANS KIDS NOT
EXISTING AND THEIR IDENTITIES
NOT BEING VALID AND MENTALLY ILL
AND IT'S ADULTS SAYING THESE
THINGS AND KIDS ARE VIEWING THEM
AND FEELING REALLY BAD.
SO I THINK TO THE SPIRIT OF WHAT
SOME FOLKS HAVE BEEN TALKING
ABOUT IS NOT BEING COMPLACENT
WITH THE SYSTEMS AND DESIGN IT'S
IMPORTANT TO NOT BEING
COMPLACENT WITH ADULTS BEHAVING
BADLY.
I WONDER WHAT IF ANYBODY HAS
THOUGHTS ABOUT DIGITAL LITERACY
AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE FOR DAU--
ADULTS AND THE ROLE THAT PLAYS
AND CHILDREN DON'T HAVE A THIRD
SPACE WITHOUT ADULTS AND THERE'S
NO PLATFORM SAFE FROM ADULTS AND
THAT'S ONE THING DIFFERENT FROM
SOCIAL MEDIA.
KIDS USED TO BE ABLE TO GET AWAY
FROM ADULTS AND TALK AMONGST
THEMSELVES AND MOST KIDS ARE
BEHAVING CIVILLY TOWARDS EACH
OTHER BUT WHEN EXPOSED TO ADULTS
WHO ARE OPPRESSORS MUCH
TEENAGERS IT'S A DIFFERENCE FOR
THEM AND I THINK WE CAN'T
SEPARATE THAT FROM HOW MANY
HOURS OF SOCIAL MEDIA THEY USE.
THAT'S MY COMMENT AND QUESTION.
THE QUESTION WAS WHETHER -- WHAT
IMPACT WOULD ADULT DIGITAL
LITERACY HAVE ON THEIR KIDS?
>> AND DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP IS
WHAT THEY'RE TALKING ABOUT ALSO.
>> I THINK IT WOULD COMPLETELY
TRANSFORM THE EXPERIENCES THAT
YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE ONLINE.
IN TERMS OF CRITICAL RACE
DIGITAL LITERACY WE HAVE A LOT
OF PARENTS OF COLOR WHO DESCRIBE
RACIAL -- RACE RELATIONS AND
GIVE THEIR STUDENTS A SENSE OF
RACIAL PRIDE IN THEIR ETHNIC
GROUP.
THAT SORT OF MEETS THE CHILD
HALFWAY AND GIVES THE SKILLS
THEY NEED AND THE LENS THEY NEED
TO VIEW THEIR RACE RELATED
INFORMATION ONLINE.
IT'S JUST THAT MOST PEOPLE DON'T
HAVE THE DIGITAL -- THE
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE
CRITICAL DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS
WE'RE ARGUING FOR.
I THINK AFTER WE CREATE THE
PLATFORM FOR KIDS OR WHILE WE
WE'RE CREATING IT WE'LL ALSO
WANT TO DO SOMETHING FOR PARENTS
AND OF COURSE FOR TEACHERS AS
WELL.
>> I HEARD A QUOTE FROM THE
CENTER FOR DEVELOPING ADD LENTS
AND THERE'S A QUOTE FROM A YOUNG
PERSON WHO SAID WE'RE TALKING
ABOUT AGE LIMITS FOR KIDS, WHAT
ABOUT AGE LIMITS FOR ADULTS AND
I WANT TO SEE WHY THERE'S A 25
OR 35-YEAR-OLD AND THAT QUOTE
RESONATED WITH ME AND SPEAKS
ABOUT THE AGE-APPROPRIATE DESIGN
WE'RE GOING FOR IN TERMS OF
YOUNGER AND OLDER PEOPLE AS
WELL.
>> WE HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION FROM
ONLINE.
WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE AND I WOULD
EVEN ASK THE QUESTION WHEN
LOOKED AT BARRIERS TO
INVESTIGATING THE -- IS THERE A
PUBLICATION BIAS FOR FINDINGS
THAT CONFIRM NEGATIVE OUTCOMES
OF TBI AND WHAT IS THE ROLE OF
RESEARCHERS, ETCETERA, IN
GETTING MORE BALANCED
INFORMATION IN THE PUBLIC
DOMAIN.
I DON'T KNOW -- IF THERE'S BEEN
STUDIES ON THIS OR NOT.
>> I THINK -- IT COULD -- I
HAVEN'T READ THEM LATELY BUT IN
META-ANALYSIS YOU COULD LOOK IN
THE LITERATURE TO TEASE THAT
OUT.
I DON'T KNOW -- DOES ANYONE KNOW
OFF THE TOP -- YEAH.
THERE IS.
>> IN THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
REPORT THAT CAME OUT LATE LAST
YEAR WE DID SEE A PUBLICATION
BIAS TOWARDS STUDIES THAT FOCUS
MORE ON THE HARMS AND SO THE
NEGATIVES RATHER THAN STUDIES
THAT SHOW THE POSITIVES.
>> OF COURSE THERE'S ANOTHER
PUBLICATION BIAS WHICH IS
AGAINST THE PUBLICATION OF NUL
FINDINGS.
SO PEOPLE, JOURNALS AND
JOURNALISTS AND PEOPLE LIKE THAT
TEND TO PREFER POSITIVE FINDINGS
AND SO THERE IS ACTUALLY QUITE A
LOT OF NUL FINDINGS IN THE
LITERATURE.
I THINK THOUGH MANY FOND THEIR
WAY IN THE PEER-REVIEWED
LITERATURE BUT DO THEY GET THE
ATTENTION IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.
THE WORK OF SOME FROM THE UNITED
KINGDOM HAVE DONE VERY THOROUGH
CAREFUL RESEARCH ON THESE
TOPICS.
ATTENDING TO FIND NUL OR SMALL
EFFECTS AND THEY RARELY GET RISK
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF PRESS
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT AND
WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF PRESSAND
WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF PRESSP
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF PRESSRE
AND WHERE WE HAVE OTHER SETS OF
IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF PRESSPRE
SETS OF IDEAS AND GET EIGHT OF
PRESS AND WORKING ON
CONCLUSIONS.
WE'VE ALSO GOT TO RECOGNIZE
THERE'S A BIAS IN NUL RESULTS.
THAT'S TRUE IN SCIENCE BUT IN
THIS CASE PERHAPS IN MANY OTHERS
TOO IT'S AN IMPORTANT ISSUE TO
GET RESULTS IN THESE DOMAINS AS
WELL AS OTHERS.
>> AND ONE THING TO ADD THE
FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY IS OFTEN
BEEN POLARIZED SUCH THAT THE
INITIAL CONCERN ABOUT IF YOU GO
BACK TO THE '60s, THE BOOB-TUBE
AND IT'S GOING TO DESTROY OUR
BRAINS AND IN CARTOONS AND COMIC
BOOKS IN THE 1920s WERE GOING TO
DESTROY OUR BRAINS.
SO THERE'S THE INITIAL BIAS IN
THE ETHER IF YOU LIKE.
AND IT'S NOT THE ONLY FIELD
WHERE THERE'S BEEN A SHIFT TO
THE NEGATIVE OVER THE POSITIVE.
IF WE THINK ABOUT OTHER
CONTROVERSIAL AREAS, CHILDCARE
FOR THE LONGEST TIME WAS THOUGHT
TO HAVE VERY NEGATIVE EFFECTS
AND FOR ALL SORTS OF REASONS
UNTIL THE NICHD CHILDCARE STUDY
DEMONSTRATED THE QUALITY OF
CHILDCARE WAS CRITICAL.
AND IN THE BILINGUAL LITERATURE
THERE WAS A LONG PERIOD BETWEEN
THE '30s AND '90s WHERE ONLY
NEGATIVE FINDINGS WERE REPORTED
AND THERE WAS CONTROVERSY ON
WHAT IT IS AND SO ON.
THESE THINGS AND THE LITERATURES
WHERE THERE'S POLARIZED VIEW
THAT WILL RESULT IN HARM AND I
THINK PART OF THE PROBLEM IS
WHAT LAURA NICELY EXPLAINED IS
THEY HAVEN'T BEEN A FOCUS ON
WELL BEING AROUND MEDIA.
SO IT MAY NOT BE JUST A
PUBLICATION BIAS BUT EVEN JUST
THE STUDIES -- WE KNOW ENOUGH OF
THEM HAVE BEEN DONE.
BUT THAT MORE OF THEM REALLY
FROM THE POSITIVE BIAS NEED TO
BE -- THE POSSIBILITY OF A
POSITIVE OUTCOME NEEDS TO BE
SYSTEMATICALLY EXAMINED.
THREE THINGS, SORRY.
>> I'LL ADD ONE POINT I'VE BEEN
THINK A LOT ABOUT IN THE
SPECIFIC COMMUNITY WITH
PUBLICATION BIAS IS TRUE AND
DOES TRANSLATE TO THE MEDIA BUT
I ALSO WANTED TO EXTEND THAT TO
TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITAL MEDIA SUB
SPECIALTY AND SOCIAL MEDIA
THERE'S INHERENT BIAS IN SOCIAL
MEDIA AND THE MOST EXTREME
FINDINGS ARE PO REPOSTED AND
SHARED AND I WORK IN THE EATING
DISORDERS AND BODY IMAGE FIELD
PEOPLE WILL TAKE HUNDREDS OF
PHOTOS AND ONLY POST THE ONE
MOST GLAMOROUS SHOT.
THEY DON'T SHOW THE FIRST.
IT DISTORTS THE SENSE OF REALITY
AND THE DATA PRESENTED ON MEDIA
IS BASICALLY PUBLICATION BIAS.
THAT'S AN INTERESTING COROLLARY.
>> AND I KNOW EVERYBODY WANTS TO
GO TO LUNCH AND TO DR. ALLEN'S
POINT I THOUGHT WAS GOOD ABOUT
WHAT'S COMING AND PREDICTING NEW
TECHNOLOGIES COMING AND IT
STRUCK ME THE PARALLEL TO THE
DRUG INDUSTRY OR AUTO INDUSTRY
AND WHAT ROLE DO YOU THINK THERE
IS TO PROOF THE TECHNOLOGIES ARE
NOT HELPFUL BEFORE THEY'RE
RELEASED?
SHOULD COMPANIES HAVE TO TEST?
IS THAT AN INDUSTRY THING OR HIP
THING?
-- NIH THING?
>> IT'S A GREAT QUESTION.
SO, I THINK THE MOST RELEVANT
THING FOR KNOW SAY IS THAT I
HAVE A PROJECT FUNDED BY GOOGLE.
IT'S CALLED THE DIGITAL WELL
BEING PROJECT.
IT'S IN ADULTS BECAUSE I DIDN'T
WANT TO DEAL WITH THE ADOLESCENT
CHILD ISSUE AND I'LL SAY THE
PEOPLE I'VE WORKED WITH THERE ON
THE PROJECT HAVE PROVIDED NO
LIMITATIONS SO FAR SO WHAT WE DO
AND WHAT QUESTIONS WE ASK AND
HOW WE'LL PROMULGATE IT.
THAT'S PRETTY INTERESTING.
IT WAS A LITTLE SURPRISING IN A
GOOD WAY.
-- SO FAR.
AND THERE'S A PORTFOLIO THAT IS
ABOUT USER WELL BEING AND
POSITIVE USER EXPERIENCE AND
WE'VE EXPERIENCED THINGS GOING
UP THE CHAIN AND THE LIMIT.
THE TEST WILL COME -- AND WE
JUST FINISHED DATA COLLECTION
RECENTLY AND WILL BE PROVIDING
RESULTS IN A LARGE SAMPLE AND
THE TEST WILL COME.
MY HOPE GOOGLE WILL TAKE THE
DATA AND IMPROVE THEIR PRODUCTS,
BECAUSE IF THEY DO THAT THAT'S
MORE THAN I COULD EVER DO.
IT'S USED BY BILLIONS OF PEOPLE
LITERALLY.
IF THEY MADE THAT IMPROVEMENT TO
THAT PRODUCT FOR ME IT WAS WORTH
TAKING THAT STEP TO DO AN
INDUSTRY
INDUSTRY-FUNDED PROJECT BECAUSE
I'M HOPEFUL IT WILL HAVE A LOT
OF WAIT WITHIN THE COMPANY AND
THAT COULD CHANGE MY CAREER AND
ON THE HAND I DON'T NOAH WILL
HAPPEN BUT SO FAR I'VE FELT THAT
IS WORTH MY TIME AND MY ENERGY.
IT'S A LONG ANSWER TO A SIMPLE
QUESTION.
THE SIMPLE ANSWER IS I THINK WE
NEED TO BE OPEN TO WORKING WITH
INDUSTRY BECAUSE OF THE
OPPORTUNITIES TO INFLUENCE OUR
PRODUCT AND IT WILL NOT BE
STRAIGHTFORWARD.
C
>> CAN I JUST ADD PEOPLE
STUDYING RACIST AND SEXIST
ALGORITHMS WOULD NOT HAVE THE
ACCESS AND GOOGLE HAS FIRED
PEOPLE WHO BLEW THE WHISTLE ON
A.I.
IT WILL DEPEND ON THE QUESTIONS
YOU'RE ASKING AND WHO YOU ARE.
>> AND TO BRING IT BACK TO OUR
OTHER DISCUSSION, WE AS POLICY
MAKERS COULD BE REALLY
SUPPORTIVE AND WE HEARD FROM
OTSP TODAY THAT FTC WAS AND
REGULATORS WAY BACK WHEN WERE
ABLE TO PASS THE CHILDREN'S
TELEVISION ACT.
IT'S BROADCASTERS AND THOSE
CONSTRAINTS BUT IT IS POSSIBLE
FOR INDUSTRY AND POLICY TO WORK
TOGETHER AND FOR US AS
RESEARCHERS TO GET INFORMATION
TO THE VAST DATA SOURCE WILL
LIKELY INVOLVE CORPORATION
BETWEEN REGULATORS, INDUSTRY AND
RESEARCHERS.
COOPERATION, COLLABORATION WE
CAN BUILD.
I THINK IT'S POSSIBLE.
NOT EASY.
>> WE HAVEN'T TALKED SO MUCH
ABOUT DIGITAL HEALTH
INTERVENTIONS OR EDUCATIONAL
APPS BUT THERE'S HUNDREDS OF
THEM CURRENTLY ON THE APP STORE
WITH LITTLE ATTENTION TO WHETHER
THEY'RE EFFECTIVE OR NOT.
THESE ARE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS
YOUTH ARE CONSUMING AND PAYING
FOR.
THERE'S LITTLE REGULATION OF
THEM AND NOT EVEN REQUIRED TO
SHOW THEY'RE EFFECTIVE OR
EVIDENCE BASED AND WORTH
CONSIDERATION IN TERMS OF
REGULATION AND MORE CONTROL.
>> THERE'S NO REGULATION IS WHAT
THE APP PROVIDED.
>> I'M GOING TO END WITH A QUOTE
THAT MAY END UP BEING APROPOS.
ALICE LEFT, THERE'S NO USE
TRYING SHE SAID.
ONE CAN'T BELIEVE IMPOSSIBLE
THINGS.
I DARE SAY YOU HAVEN'T HAD MUCH
PRACTICE SAID THE QUEEN.
WHEN I WAS YOUNGER I ALWAYS DIT
HALF AN HOUR A DAY AND SOMETIMES
I BELIEVED AS MANY AS SIX
IMPOSSIBLE THINGS BEFORE
BREAKFAST.
LOUIS CAROL THROUGH THE LOOKING
GLASS.
I THINK WE THINGS ARE IMPOSSIBLE
UNTIL THEY'RE POSSIBLE AND HAVE
TO HAVE A VISION AND HAVE TO
CHALLENGE OURSELVES AND IT'S
TRUE FOR A LOT OF THE THINGS
RAISED WITH THIS PANEL INCLUDING
WHAT IS POSSIBLE POTENTIALLY
WITH PARTNERSHIP WITH INDUSTRY.
NOT SAYING IT'S GOING TO BE
EASY.
NOT SAYING -- AND MAYBE IT
WOULDN'T BE BUT CERTAINLY
THERE'S A LOT OF THINGS NATIONAL
INSTITUTES OF HEALTH PARTNER
WITH PRIVATE INDUSTRY ON BECAUSE
THAT'S HOW PRODUCTS GET TO
MARKET AND WE DON'T DO THAT.
WE DO THE RESEARCH AND HAND
THINGS OFF.
I THINK -- I DON'T KNOW IS THE
BOTTOM LINE.
I KNOW DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
HAS WORKED ON THE EDUCATIONAL
THINGS WITH INDUSTRY TO CREATE
PRODUCTS THAT ARE THROUGH PUBLIC
TELEVISION AND THINGS OF THAT
NATURE.
IT'S NOT LIKE THERE'S NO MODELS
HERE.
I THINK IT'S JUST A MATTER OF
SOMETIMES BELIEVING THE
IMPOSSIBLE AND HOLDING IT AND
THEN REALLY EXPLORING IT UNTIL
WE COUPLE WITH A WAY TO MAKE IT
POSSIBLE.
ON THAT NOTE, FOR THE VIRTUAL
ATTENDEES, WE'RE GOING TO BE
BREAKING FOR OUR WORKING LUNCH
NOW AND WE'RE A LITTLE BIT LATE
BUT TRY TO COME BACK AT 1:15 AND
IN TERMS OF THE BREAKOUT GROUPS,
YOU'LL SEE BEHIND YOU THE
ASSIGNMENTS.
YOU HAVE ON YOUR NAME TAG A RED
DOT IN 117, 1165 AND GREEN,
1121,1125 AND YELLOW 1185 AND
BLUE MAIN ROOM.
THE FOURTH MAY BE PEOPLE NOT
ASSIGNED SO IF YOU FIND YOURSELF
IN THE MAIN ROOM AND THERE'S
ONLY FOUR OR FIVE OF YOU, FEEL
FREE TO JOIN ONE OF THE WORKING
GROUPS IN THE OTHER ROOMS.
WITH THAT, AS I SAID, WE'RE
GOING TO GO TO OUR WORKING
LUNCHES AND THEN REPORT BACK AT
1:15 FOR THE FINAL SESSION.
THANK YOU.
THAT WASN'T BAD.
I WAS EXPECTING AT LEAST FIVE
MORE MINUTES OF CONVERSATION AND
PEOPLE WANDERING IN AND OUT SO
THAT'S GOOD.
OKAY.
AGAIN, WE HAD THE THREE BREAKOUT
GROUPS AND WHAT I'M GOING TO ASK
IS I THINGS THE INTENTION IS
HAVING THE MODERATORS DO THE
REPORT OUT.
SO WE'LL SEE IF THAT ACTUALLY
WORKS IN PRACTICE OR NOT.
SO I HAVE AS BREAKOUT ROOM A WE
HAD NO TAKERS AND THEN LUCIA,
YOU WERE THE MODERATOR.
ARE YOU READY?
JUST THE MICROPHONE.
ALL THREE.
>> I'LL TRY TO COMMUNICATE THE
MAIN THREADS IN THE CONVERSATION
AND IF I LEAVE ANYTHING OUT FEEL
FREE TO SHARE.
WE STARTED WITH THE ISSUES THAT
COME UP TIME AND TIME AGAIN AND
INTERESTING DISCUSSION.
THE IDEA WHETHER ALGORITHMS OR
ALGORITHMIC CONTENT SUGGESTION
SHOULD BE LIMITED AT AN EARLY
AGE AND THE OTHER TYPES OF
PLATFORMS.
THERE'S ROLE GUIDANCE FOR THE
YOUNGEST CHILDREN TO BE
PROTECTED IN THE CONTENT THEY'RE
CONSUMING AND TAPPING INTO THE
NEEDS FOR FAMILIES TO HAVE
CONCISE GUIDELINES AND TOOLS.
COMING BACK TO HOW CAN WE
ENCOURAGE THE AGE APPROPRIATE
DESIGN WHICH REQUIRES OF COURSE
THE CONFERENCE BETWEEN
REGULATORY BODIES AND
PARTICIPATION FROM INDUSTRY.
THEN WE MOVE INTO THE IDEA OF
INTERDISCIPLINARY AND HOW MANY
ARE REPRESENTED AT THE TABLE AND
IN THE CONVERSATIONS AND WHO ARE
HERE WE RECOGNIZE THE NEED FOR
INCLUSION IN THE SAMPLES WE WORK
WITH BUT ALSO IN THE APPROACHES
THAT WE HAVE.
IT'S AN IMPORTANT NEED FOR THE
FIELD TO PUSH FORWARD AND
INCREDIBLY DIFFICULT.
THERE'S SEVERAL LOGISTICAL
BARRIERS AROUND DOING THE INT
INTERDISCIPLINARY WORK AND WHAT
WE CALL THINGS AND ONE IDEA THAT
RESONATED IS THE TOP DOWN
APPROACH WHETHER THAT'S
SOMETHING PERHAPS NIH COULD LEAD
IN STANDARDS, MAYBE IDEAS AND
TOOL KIT TO DO CONTENT ANALYSIS.
I KNOW A LOT OF GROUPS ARE
TRYING TO MAKE SENSE OF CONTENT
WHETHER THERE'S MORE SHARED
ENDEAVORS THAT COULD PUSH THE
FIELD FORWARD AND WHETHER IT
WOULD BE MORE TOP-DOWN DRIVEN I
THINK WAS A CONVERSATION.
AND THEN WE SPENT TIME TALKING
ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF INT
INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND WE
RECOGNIZE THERE'S NO YOUNG
PEOPLE HERE TODAY BUT MAYBE SOME
ARE ON ZOOM AND HOW TO
MEANINGFULLY ENGAGE WITH YOUNG
PEOPLE AND TEACHERS MANY WERE
ONLINE PERHAPS.
SOME PEOPLE MONITORING THE CHAT
WERE MENTIONING HOW MANY GOOD
IDEAS AND ANECDOTES OF WHAT THEY
ENCOUNTER EVERY DAY AND EXPERTS
IN THE FIELD AND HOW TO
INCORPORATE THEM.
THE IDEA OF ENGAGING MORE
MEANINGFULLY WITH INDUSTRY AND
HOPE THEY'RE LISTENING TO
CONVERSATIONS AND WE KNOW SOME
HAVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH INDUSTRY
BUT HOW DO WE MAKE IT MORE
INCLUSIVE AND DIVERSE AND
PRODUCTIVE.
THE IDEA OF HAVING ETHICISTS
GIVEN THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE
DATA COLLECTION AND INVITING
COMMUNICATION SCHOLARS TO HELP
US AS JASON WAS ALLUDING TO
COMMUNICATE THE LIMITATIONS OF
OUR METHODS AND PERHAPS
JOURNALISTS TO HELP CRAFT THE
MESSAGING AND I THINK I THINK
THOSE WERE THE MAIN POINTS WE
COVERED.
>> AND AN A.I. REPRESENTATION.
>> YOU'LL HAVE TO DEAL WITH MANY
ACCIDENT.
I'LL DO MY BEST TO REPRESENT THE
OTHER GROUP BUT I ENCOURAGE ALL
THE MEMBERS TO SUPPORT IF I'M
SAYING SOMETHING WRONG.
A LOT OF WHAT LUCIA WAS SAYING
CAME AND WE ALSO DISCUSSED IN
OUR GROUP.
ONE OF THE GENERAL SENTIMENTS WE
TALKED ABOUT IS WE DO HAVE TO
JOIN THE FIGHT ON ONLINE RACISM
AND HOW YOUTHS ARE BEING
MARGINALIZED AND WE HAVE TO
SHARE THIS BURDEN AND NOT JUST
MINORITY RESEARCHERS DOING THIS
TYPE OF WORK.
THAT WAS SOMETHING WE ALL AGREED
ON CHANGING IN OUR OWN WORK.
THE OTHER IMPORTANT TOPIC WE
TALKED ABOUT WAS THE
INTERDISCIPLINARY FIELD HAVING
MORE COMPUTER SCIENTISTS
INVOLVED.
AND SHE MADE A GREAT POINT IN
SAYING NOT JUST AS TECHNICIANS
BUT PEOPLE TAKING THE LEAD
BECAUSE THEY HAVE GREAT INSIGHTS
INTO WHAT CAN WE DO WITHIN THE
FIELD.
MORE THAN WE AS PSYCHOLOGISTS
REALIZE WE CAN DO.
AND ANOTHER DISCIPLINARY
SCIENTIST ON CLIMATE CHANGE
WOULD HAVE MORE INSIGHTS INTO
WHAT WE DO IMPACTS OUR CLIMATE
AND WE HAD ONE SOCIOLOGIST IN
OUR SPACE HAVING GREAT KNOWLEDGE
OF SOCIAL NETWORKS.
WE CAN TAP MORE INTO SELECTION
OF SOCIALIZATION OF ALL THESE
BEHAVIORS ONLINE AND ALSO IN
REAL LIFE AND INTERSECTIONS IN
THAT.
AND I THINK WE TALKED ABOUT A
LOT OF HOW WE FUND THIS AND THEN
THIS TYPE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY
WORK AND WHAT ARE GREAT STUDY
SECTIONS THAT CAN REVIEW THIS
TYPE OF WORK AND ANOTHER TOPIC
WE TALKED ABOUT IS COMMENTS MADE
INSTEAD OF BEING REACTIVE TO
WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH SOCIAL
MEDIA, FOR US TO BE PROACTIVE
AND ACTUALLY BANK ON TO LIKE WE
KNOW CHANGES ARE HAPPENING AND
RIGHT NOW WE HAVE OUR SOCIAL
MEDIA FOR INSTANCE FRAMEWORK TO
TALK ABOUT HOW WE CAN DEAL WITH
THAT BUT THE SOCIAL MEDIA
OUTPUTS ARE QUICKLY CHANGING SO
HOW CAN WE FUND WITH ALL THE
VIRTUAL REALITY BEING 24/7 WITH
US HOW CAN WE AS RESEARCHERS
START DOING THE RESEARCH?
HOW CAN WE FUND IT OTHER THAN
STARTING FUNDS QUICKLY?
WE ALSO TALKED ABOUT
MEASUREMENT.
THERE'S OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS
AND SUBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS AND
THEY WERE PITCHED KIND OF AS
SEPARATE BUT THEN ACKNOWLEDGING
GRAY AREAS IN BETWEEN AND
THERE'S NUANCES NOT CURRENTLY BE
ANALYZED AND IT'S IMPORTANT TO
COMBINE BOTH TYPES OF DATA
COLLECTIONS THAT FIT THE
RESEARCH QUESTION.
WE TALKED ABOUT EARLY CHILDHOOD
AND INTERVENTIONS OF DIFFERENT
TIMING AND PAYING ATTENTION TO
THAT AND TALKED ABOUT THE
POSITIVE EFFECTS THAT YOUTH CAN
AS AN OUTCOME AND LOOKING AT
WELL BEING, WHO'S GOING TO FUND
THAT AND NICHD IS MORE
INTERESTED IN THAT AND INTEREST
IN MENTAL HEALTH AND ALSO
IDENTIFYING SPACES ONLINE THAT
YOUTH CAN IDENTIFY WITH AND
WHERE THEY FIND EMPOWERMENT AND
SOCIAL SUPPORT.
SO I THINK THAT'S THE SUMMARY.
IF I'M MISSING ANYTHING.
>> YOU'RE NOT MISSING ANYTHING
BUT WE FORGOT TO HAVE YOU
INTRODUCE YOURSELF.
>> I'M AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT
ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY AND ON
SABBATICAL AS A VISITING SCHOLAR
AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY.
>> IF I'M MISSING SOMETHING FROM
THE GREEN GROUP'S DISCUSSION
JUST CHIME IN.
THINK THERE'S GOOD NEWS THAT
OUR TOPICS CIRCLED AROUND THE
SAME THING AND IT'S GOOD TO GO
THIRD BECAUSE MOST OF WHAT YOU
SAID GOT DISCUSSED TO SOME
EXTENT IN OUR ROOM AND I HAVE A
SENSE OF OPTIMISM AND ENTHUSIASM
AND SENSE OUR FIELD HAS MOVED IN
THE RIGHT DIRECTION.
WE'RE STARTING TO ADAPT
OURSELVES AND MAYBE IN A
PARADIGM SHIFT NOT JUST IN THE
TECHNOLOGIES WE'RE DEALING WITH
BUT IN THE WAY WE APPROACH OUR
RESEARCH.
BEFORE WE GOT TO THAT WE TALKED
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OUR
FIELD'S BEEN STUCK.
WE'RE SORT OF DOING THE SAME
THING AS NICK SAID FOR THE LAST
20 YEARS AND WHAT'S GOING ON
THERE BUT THERE WAS A SENTIMENT
EXPRESSED IT'S OKAY TO BE STUCK
AFTER ALL WE'RE TALKING ABOUT
ADOPTION AND WE'VE BEEN STUDYING
SCHOOLS AND WHAT HAPPENS IN
SCHOOLS AND WE CONTINUE TO LEARN
AND IT SHOULD BE TRUE IN OUR
FIELD AS WELL.
IF WE ARE IN A PARADIGM SHIFT,
WHAT ARE THE SHIFTS AND WHAT ARE
WE DOING?
WE BEGAN TO EMBRACE COMPLEXITY
AND HETEROGENEITY AND NUANCE,
OBJECTIVITY AND ACCEPTING OUR
ELIMINATIONS WERE THINGS
DISCUSSED.
AS AN EXAMPLE, WE'RE NOW REALLY
THINKING HARDER ABOUT LEVELS OF
ANALYSIS AND WHETHER WE'RE
LOOKING AT POPULATION LEVELS OR
INDIVIDUALS AND WHAT MOVING FROM
ONE LEVEL TO ANOTHER MAY AFFORD
US IN TERMS OF OUR ABILITY TO
ACCESS INFORMATION ABOUT THE
INFLUENCES OF CONTENT AND
CONTEXT AND THINGS COMING UP
BEFORE I GUESS ALL OF OUR Cs.
WE'VE BEEN BRINGING THOSE UP A
LOT.
THERE'S ALSO A SENSE WE SHOULD
BE OKAY WITH OUR IMPERFECT TOOLS
AND BE WILLING TO TAKE RISKS AND
THE NIH HAS MECHANISMS TO
SUPPORT US IN DOING SMALL SCALE
ENDEAVORS AND RISKIER THINGS
THAN SOME OF US HAD BEEN WILLING
TO DO.
A NOD FOR THAT.
I THINK PEOPLE ARE PLEASED
THERE'S BEEN A SHIFT AND
EMPHASIS TOWARDS POSITIVE USE
AND IT CAME UP THE NIH CAN PLAY
A ROLE IN HELPING US WITH
STANDARDIZATION AND GETTING TEAM
SCIENCE TO DEVELOP TOOLS.
JIM TALKED ABOUT THE UPCOMING
RELEASE OF THE FULL BABY NIH
TOOL KIT AND I LOVE THE IDEA
THEY CAN HELP WITH OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT TOOLS AS WELL AS FOR
OUR FIELD.
WE TALKED ABOUT THE SHIFT IN
FOCUS ON THINGS LIKE DIGITAL
AWARENESS AND BALANCE AND
LITERACY AND JUSTICE AND WE
TALKED ABOUT WHO IS NOT AT THE
TABLE NOT JUST HERE IN THE
WORKSHOP BUT IN THE SCIENCE
WE'RE CONDUCTING.
THEN WE TURNED TO EMERGENT
TECHNOLOGIES AND HOW AS A FIELD
WE'LL GET IN FRONT OF THE CURVE
OF CHANGE.
AND MAYBE IN THE BACKGROUND WE
DIDN'T SAY EXPLICITLY IS DESPITE
ALL THE CHANGE THERE'S INVARIANT
PROPERTIES IN THE TYPES OF MEDIA
WE STUDY.
EXAMPLES ARE CONTENT GENERATION
OR SOCIAL COMPARISON OR SOCIAL
EVALUATION IS PRESENT IN SOCIAL
MEDIA IN ALL OF ITS FORMS.
AND WE CAN LEVERAGE THOSE
INVARIANT PROPERTIES EVEN AS THE
WORLD OF TECHNOLOGY IS CHANGING
BENEATH US AND THEN TURN TO A.I.
AND WHY IT'S A LITTLE BIT SCARY
AND OFFERS OPPORTUNITY.
I THINK WE ALL SEE THAT.
IT OFFERS OPPORTUNITY TO US AS
TDM RESEARCHERS WHERE WE CAN
LEVERAGE A.I. TOOLS, FOR
INSTANCE IN THE CONTENT OF SCAPE
DATA AND OFFLOAD IT INTO THE
MACHINE AND SEE WHAT IT IS TO
KNOW IN REAL TIME AND NOT HAVE
TO PROPE -- PROBE DATA IN
ANOTHER WAY.
AND WE HAD A FORM OF INTERACTION
WE DIDN'T TALK MUCH ABOUT WHICH
IS PRESCRIPTION DIGITAL
THERAPIES AND WHETHER THEY
REPRESENT A POTENTIAL POSITIVE
USE AND DIGITAL HEALTH APPS THAT
ARE GOVERNMENTALLY REGULATED AND
HAD CONVERSATIONS ABOUT THOSE
TOPICS AND BROUGHT UP
INTERGENERATIONAL EFFECTS WHICH
I THINK YOU COVERED REASONABLY
AND HOW ESSENTIAL IT IS WE HAVE
PEOPLE COMING AT THE PROBLEMS
FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES AND
TOOLS AND IDEAS AND THE SCIENCE
SHOULD CONTINUE TO BE
COLLABORATIVE, INTERDISCIPLINARY
TEAM SCIENCE.
I THINK THAT'S PRETTY DID
MUCH -- WE TALKED ABOUT
DEVELOPMENT BUT THERE YOU HAVE
IT.
IF I MISSED SOMETHING, PLEASE
SPEAK UP.
>> ANYTHING ELSE FROM THE OTHER
BREAKOUT GROUPS?
THOSE HAVE GREAT SUMMARIES.
JASON DID A GREAT JOB ON OURS.
I DON'T KNOW -- WE'RE RIGHT ON
TIME.
JULIA, DO YOU HAVE CLOSING
REMARKS?
>> I WOULD JUST LIKE IT SAY
THANK YOU FROM THE BOTTOM OF MY
SCIENTIFIC HEART FOR REALLY
DELVING INTO ALL THESE ISSUES,
THE NUANCE, THE THINGS THAT
WE'RE DOING WELL AND THINGS
WE'RE DOING VERY POORLY AND
LATER IN THE ARCHIVAL SHARING OF
THESE PROCEEDINGS A DISCUSSION
OF WHERE WE ARE AS A FIELD RIGHT
NOW AND WHERE WE CAN BEST MOVE
FORWARD.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
>> I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE
GREAT CONTRACTORS SUPPORTING THE
MEETING.
OVER HERE, YOU ALL NEED TO GO
OUT AND FACTOR IN COMMUNITIES
AND GET OFF YOUR CAMPUSES AND
MEET WITH PEOPLE.
MEET WITH PARENTS AND TEACHERS.
IT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE A FORMAL
GROUP AND THEY'LL MORE
APPRECIATE YOU'RE THERE TO
LISTEN TO THEM.
IF POSSIBLE, BREAK BREAD, AT
LEAST HAVE COFFEE WITH THEM AND
YOU'LL GET INSIGHTS AND A FRAME
OF REFERENCE I CAN ALMOST
GUARANTEE.
AT LEAST THAT'S ALWAYS BEEN MY
EXPERIENCE.
AS POWERFUL AS THIS, THAT'S KIND
OF THE CHARGE.
IT'S THE SUPER POWER WE HAVE WE
RARELY EXERCISE.
IT'S EASIER TO STAY ON CAMPUS
WHETHER IT'S THE NIH CAMPUS OR
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AND NOT GO
FOURTH.
SECOND IS TECHNOLOGY, DIGITAL
MADIA AS -- MEDIA INHERENTLY AS
TOOLS AND THERE'S POTENTIAL HARM
AND THIRD IS CALLING OUT AND THE
APPRECIATION FOR DIFFERENT AGE
GROUPS HAVE DIFFERENT ISSUES
EVEN DIGITAL COHORTS AND WHAT
YOU WERE RAISED WITH WILL HAVE A
VERY -- POTENTIAL IMPACT AND
ALSO TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL
DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING PATHOLOGY
AND NIMHD CALLED OUT THE MODELS
AND A RICHER INFORMATION OF
THOSE THINGS AND IT'S TRUE FOR
THE POSITIVE IMPACTS.
IT GOES BOTH WAYS.
I THINK REALLY ENRICHING WHAT WE
DO AND OUR CONCEPTUAL MODEL
MEASUREMENT AND DATA REDUCTION.
WE HAVEN'T GONE INTO THAT.
YOU DO THIS AND YOU'RE DROWNING
IN DATA AND HOW DO YOU
MEANINGFULLY DO THAT AND MODEL
IT.
SO I THINK THIS IS THE STARTING
POINT.
I'M GOING TO TAKE THE CO-CHAIR'S
PREROGATIVE AND GOING TO CLOSE
WITH SOMETHING FOR ME THAT
CAPTURED THIS CONVENING THIS
TYPE OF WORKSHOP THE PROCESS.
IT'S NOT WHAT THE HOUR TO
NECESSARILY HAD IN MIND BUT RED
NATE -- RESONATED WITH ME.
I SHOT AN ARROW IN THE AIR, IT
FELL TO EARTH, I KNOW NOT WHERE.
FOR SO SWIFTLY IT FLEW TO THE
SITE COULD NOT FOLLOW IN ITS
FLIGHT.
I BREATHED THIS SONG INTO THE
AIR AND FELL TO EARTH I KNOW
NOWHERE AND WHERE KIN SO STRONG
IT CAN FOLLOW THE FLIGHT IN A
SONG LONG AFTERWARD IN AN OAK I
FOUND THE AIR YO STILL UNBROKE
AND THE SONG FROM THE BEGINNING
TO END I FOUND AGAIN IN THE
HEART OF THE FRIEND.
WE HAVE SUNG A SONG OUT ALL OF
YOU HEARD IT AND HAVE COME BACK
IN A BEAUTIFUL WAY AND ADDING MY
APPRECIATION AND NOW CARRY THE
SONG WITH YOU, CARRY THE
RESEARCH CHARGE WITH YOU AND
REALLY I THINK WE HAVE A GREAT
THING TO BUILD ON HERE.
WE'RE GOING KEEP IN TOUCH AGAIN,
VIRTUAL AUDIENCE, AGAIN, WE
APPRECIATE YOUR PARTICIPATION
AND QUESTIONS.
WE WILL BE DOING A SUMMARY FROM
THIS.
THE VIDEO RECORDING WILL BE
AVAILABLE THROUGH THE NIH
VIDEOCAST AND MAYBE SURE YOU'RE
NOTIFIED WHEN THESE THINGS ARE
MOVING FORWARD AND BE IN TOUCH
BECAUSE THIS IS THE BEGINNING
NOT THE END.
WITH THAT, THANK YOU, SAFE
TRAVELS.