THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY FOR THE SCIENCE ADVOCACY AND POLICY WORKSHOP. WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE CHAN ZUCKERBURG, I'M I SAHBA SEDDIGHI, I'M A CB AND NIH OXFORD CAMBRIDGE SCHOLARS PROGRAM. MY COLLEAGUE ALEX AMBRICO IS SPECIAL PROJECTS MANAGER AT THE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ALLIANCE AND SCIENCE COMMUNICATION GRADUATE STUDENT AT STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY. TOGETHER WE BRINGING THIS WEBINAR TO YOU TODAY THANKS TO SUPPORT OF ZUCKERBURG INITIATIVE NEURODEGENERATION COMMUNITY GRANT. I WILL NOW HAND IT OVER TO ALEX IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR FIRST SPEAKERS. >>THANK YOU ALL FOR JOINING US TODAY. I WANT TO FIRST INTRODUCE OUR NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY NETWORK SPEAKERS, WE HAVE DR. COLLEY, DR. WELLINGTON AND Ph.D. CANDIDATE DR. FUTURE DR. BROWN. I WILL PRESENT A SCIENCE POLICY 101 SEMINAR TODAY FOLLOWED BY A Q&A SESSION. >> OUR PRESENTATION WILL START WITH JENNIFER BROWN WHO WILL LEAD THE INITIAL PART OF OUR PRESENTATION. MYSELF I'M NADINE WELLINGTON Ph.D. IN CHEMISTRY FROM MCMASTER AND I WORK WITH NSPN ON MULTIPLE COMMITTEES SRI WILL BE PRESENTING THE LAST PORTION OF OUR PRESENTATION. FOR THE THE ATTENDEES THAT ARE PRESENT, NSPN NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY NETWORK WORKS TO ESSENTIALLY BRIDGE COMMUNICATION GAP BETWEEN POLICY MAKERS AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS EARLY CAREER RESEARCHERS AND SCIENTIFIC TRAINEES IN ORDER TO FOSTER COLLABORATION AND SCIENCE POLICY, EDUCATE GRADUATE STUDENTS ABOUT THE CAREER PATHS AVAILABLE TO THEM IN SCIENCE POLICY AS WELL AS TO GET LAW MAKERS TO UNDERSTAND THE VALUE AND IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE IN POLICY MAKING. I WILL PASS OFF TO JENNIFER NOW. >> THANKS, NADINE. AS SHE SAID MY NAME IS JENNIFER BROWN, A FOURTH YEAR Ph.D. CANDIDATE NEUROSCIENCE, AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES I ALSO SERVE ON THE NSPN LEADERSHIP AS THE CENTRAL HUB CHAIR. SO IF ANYONE HAS ANY QUESTIONS ABOUT NSPN FEEL FREE TO REACH OUT TO ME VIA EMAIL OR LINKED IN AFTER THE Q&A. MOVING ON TO THE AGENDA. HERE IS AN OVERVIEW OF WHAT WE WILL BE TALKING ABOUT TODAY. WE ALREADY DID INTRODUCTIONS AND FROM THERE I WILL BE TALKING ABOUT SCIENCE POLICY DEFINITIONS, NADINE AND I WILL TOUCH THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE POLICY AND THEN SKILLS FOLLOWED BY SKRI TALKING CAREERS AND WAYS TO GET INVOLVED. PLEASE NOTE WE DEDICATED TIME FOR QUESTIONS AFTER THE -- SO WRITE THEM DOWN OR PLACE THEM IN THE Q&A AT THE END. THANK YOU, NADINE. SO LET'S JUMP RIGHT IN. IT MAY SURPRISE YOU TO KNOW THAT THERE ARE MANY DEFINITIONS OF SCIENCE POLICY. BECAUSE IT IS SUCH A BROAD PRACTICE AREA, MANY WEB SITES AND BOOKS HAVE SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS. BUT BASICALLY, SCIENCE POLICY IS UNDERSTANDING HOW SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE THE KIND YOU ALL WORK WITH EVERY DAY, CAN BE APPLIED TO BETTER SERVE THE PUBLIC THROUGH GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS SUCH AS POLICIES, LAWS, RESOLUTIONS. AND THOSE SYSTEMS CAN BE AT MANY LEVELS FROM INSTITUTIONAL POLICIES TO LOCAL CITY ORDINANCES TO NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW. SCIENCE POLICY IS WAY WE SCIENTISTS CAN INFLUENCE SOCIETY WE ARE USED TO PRESENTING DATA TO OTHER SCIENTISTS BUT HOW IS THE DATA THAT WE GENERATE THEN USED TO MAKE CHANGES IN THE WIDER WORLD? THAT IS WHERE SCIENCE POLICY OR SCIENCE INFORMED POLICY COMES IN. ON THE RIGHT YOU CAN SEE A LIST OF SOME OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS SCIENCE POLICY CAN BE USED TO ADDRESS. AS I MENTIONED, SCIENCE POLICY IS A BROAD TERM AND INCLUDES MANY FACETS OF SCIENCE, POLICY AND ADVOCACY AS WELL AS COMMUNICATION. IT IS SOMETIMES HELPS TO THINK OF SCIENCE POLICY AS FALLING INTO TWO BUCKETS OR CATEGORIES. THE FIRST IS SCIENCE FOR POLICY, THIS IS USING DATA SCIENCE AND EVIDENCE TO HELP MAKE BETTER POLICY DECISIONS. WHERE BETTER IS BEING MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE THEIR PRIMARY GOAL WHILE MINIMIZING NEGATIVE OR UNINTENDED SIDE EFFECTS. POLICY FOR SCIENCE IS MORE ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE RESEARCH ENTERPRISE ITSELF, AND IS MORE CONCERNED WITH POLICIES THAT GOVERN THE CONDUCT AND USE OF SCIENCE. REALLY THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS THESE CATEGORIES ARE JUST A MENTAL FRAMEWORK AND MANY SCIENCE POLICY TOPICS FALL INTO BOTH BUCKETS. THIS IS BECAUSE SCIENCE AND POLICY ARE INTERDEPENDENT AND BIDIRECTIONAL. SO HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES. POLICY FOR SCIENCE DECISIONS ABOUT STRUCTURE FUNS AND PRIORITY OF SCIENCE INFLUENCE THE SCIENCE THAT WILL BE AVAILABLE IN THE SCIENCE FOR POLICY APPLICATIONS. AND THE WAYS THAT SCIENCE IS USED IN FUEL SHY FORMATION WILL IN TURN IMPLEMENT THE POLICIES FORMULATED FOR SCIENCE, INTERDEPENDENT BIDIRECTIONAL. IF YOU STUDY NEURODEGENERATION LIKE I DO, AND CONGRESS DECIDES TO INCREASE OR DECREASE THE AMOUNT OF THE BUDGET MEANT FOR A SPECIFIC DISEASE LIKE AL ALZHEIMERS OR PARKINSON OR PASSES A BILL TO FUNDS STUDIES THAT CAN DIRECTLY IMPACT CHANCES OF HAVING A GRANT FUNDED AND THEREFORE DIRECTLY IMPACT THE KINDS OF STUDIES THAT CAN BE DONE, LIMITING THOSE STUDIES WILL LIMIT OUR AMOUNT OF KNOWLEDGE THAT WE HAVE AVAILABLE TO MAKE POLICIES. THE TRADE OFF OF COURSE IS THAT MONEY SPENT ON FUNDING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY MEANS MONEY THAT IS NOT BEING SPENT SOMEWHERE ELSE. AND THAT DECISION IS A POLICY DECISION. POLICY DECISIONS ARE MADE BY CONSIDERING A MULTITUDE OF MACK TORRS NOT JUST IMPACT ON NEUROSCIENTISTS LIKE US. SO WHY IS SCIENCE POLICY IMPORTANT? WHY DO I AS A GRADUATE STUDENT VOLUNTEER MY TIME TO DO POLICY WORK? IT IS BECAUSE TO QUOTE VANNEVAR BUSH A IMPORTANT FIGURE IN U.S. SCIENCE POLICY, SCIENCE BY ITSELF FROM SLIDES NONPANACEA FOR INDIVIDUAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ILLS. AS SCIENTISTS WE KNOW RESEARCH IS IMPORTANT OR PRETENT IT IS OR WILL BE IN THE FUTURE BUT UNLESS YOU CAN COMMUNICATE THE IMPORTANCE OF THAT WORK, TO PEOPLE WHO MAKE POLICY DECISIONS, AND THE PUBLIC, WHO ARE ULTIMATELY EITHER GOING TO FUND WORK OR USE YOUR WORK TO MAKE DECISIONS, YOUR SCIENCE WON'T HAVE AS MUCH OF AN IMPACT. THE ELEVATION OF OSTP DIRECTOR TO A CABINET LEVEL POSITION REALLY SIGNALS THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE POLICY TO THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION. THEN I WAS GOING TO GO INTHE -- YEAH SO A CASE STUDY IN SCIENCE FOR POLICY, JUST USING SOME STATS AND FIGURES ABOUT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, TO DO THIS. SO WE KNOW THAT THE PREVALENCE OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE IS GROWING AS OUR POPULATION IS INCREASING IN NUMBER AND LIVING LONGER. AND THERE'S CURRENTLY NO CURATIVE TREATMENT FOR ALZHEIMERS AND IT IS VERY EXPENSIVE IN TERMS OF CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH THE DISEASE, THEIR LOST EARNING POTENTIAL AND HAIR CAREGIVERS. WE CAN USE DATA TO HELP PUT POLICIES IN PLACE TO REDUCE MANY COSTS SYSTEM WHICH INCLUDE LONG TERM CARE AND CARE GIVER STAFF LEVELS, HAVING ADEQUATE MEDICAL FACILITIES, INCREASING THE ED CARE DONE MANY THE HOME, HEALTH AND EMPLOYMENT PROTECTIONS FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS, DECREASING HEALTHCARE COSTS, INCREASING SCREENING AND EARLY DETECTION SERVICES, MAKING SURE INSURANCE COVERS THESE SERVICES, MEDICATION USE, CLINICAL TRIAL ENROLLMENT INFORMATION, FUNDING FOR RESEARCH, PHYSICIAN TRAINING POLICIES TO HELP RECOGNIZE MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT ON ALZHEIMERS PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS TO HELP COMMUNITIES RECOGNIZE THESE SIGNS, AS WELL AS UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL AND LANGUAGE BARRIERS, THAT PREVENT PEOPLE FROM SEEKING EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND DETECTION. ALL OF THESE ISSUES HAVE DATA ASSOCIATED WITH THEM THAT COULD BE APPLIED TO POLICY ACTION. SO A SECOND EXAMPLE IS POLICY FOR SCIENCE. ONE SOMETIMES CONTROVERSIAL TOPIC CAN BE USE OF ANIMAL MODELS IN RESEARCH. ANIMAL RESEARCH IS ALREADY REGULATED THE NATIONAL STATE AND INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL WITH POLICIES PROHIBITING ANIMAL CRUELTY, THE EXISTENCE OF IAKUK INSTITUTIONAL ABOUT MALL COMMITTEES AND AQUARIUM AND REPLACEMENT OF PANELS WHEN POSSIBLE. THEY GOVERN WHAT WHEN WHERE AND HOW SCIENTIST USE ANIMALS IN A RESEARCH SETTING AND ONE EXAMPLE OF POLICY FOR SCIENCE. WITH THAT I WILL HAND IT TO NADINE TO TALK ABOUT WHY YOU ARE MORE QUALIFIED TO GIVE POLICY ADVICE THAN YOU THINK YOU ARE. OKAY. SO HOPEFULLY THIS POINT WE HAVE CONVEYED TO YOU THAT THE REACH OF SCIENCE POLICY IS ACTUALLY QUITE EXPENSIVE, IT IS NOT JUST SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OR ISSUES, THAT SCIENCE POLICY COVERS. SO I FIRST WANTED TO START BY GOING OVER SOME TYPICAL SCIENTIFIC SECTORS OF SOCIETY WHERE YOU CAN IMAGINE YOUR POLICY SKILLS WOULD BE PUT TO USE. TRANSPORTATION, STREET DESIGN CITY DESIGN HAVE MAJOR CONSEQUENCES ON HEALTH OF PEOPLE WHO LIVE NEAR STREETS, AGRICULTURE IS A IMPORTANT ISSUE ESPECIALLY AT THIS TIME WITH RESPECT TO CLIMATE CHANGE, THE USE OF ENERGY IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT ISSUE AT THIS TIME BECAUSE AS WE HAVE SEEN WITH THE TRANSITION TO ELECTRICITY FROM A FOSSIL FUEL -- A FOSSIL FUEL BASED ECONOMY, IT IS IMPORTANT NOT ONLY TO BE ABLE TO TRANSFORM OUR ECONOMIES TO ELECTRIFIED SOCIETIES BUT THE MINERALS AND THE METALS AND OTHER MATERIALS THIS TRANSITION IS BASED ON NEED TO BE SOURCED IN ETHICAL WAYS AND SCIENCE POLICY IS A MAJOR PART OF DETERMINING HOW THAT TRANSITION WILL GO FORWARD. AND WHAT THE OUTCOMES OF IT WILL BE. HEALTH POLICY IS A VERY IMPORTANT ASPECT OF SOCIETY,ER EVERYTHING TOUCHES HEALTH POLICY, TRANSPORTATION DOES, ENERGY AND UTILITIES AS WELL AS THE PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MEDICAL SYSTEM IN THE UNITED STATES. ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT ISSUE IN SCIENCE POLICY AT THE TIME. WE HAVE SEEN OVER THE PAST DECADE HOW THE AMAZON -- MISUSE OF AMAZON LED TO DESTRUCTION AND DESERT PHICATION OF THE AMAZON SO IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO USE SCIENCE POLICY IN ORDER TO TRY AND ESTABLISH BETTER REGULATIONS AND BETTER PRACTICES IN ORDER TO SUPPORT HEALTHY FUTURE FOR EVERYBODY. WHAT YOU MAY NOT BE AWARE OF IS THAT OUTSIDE OF SCIENTIFIC FIELDS AND SCIENTIFIC SECTORS, SCIENCE POLICY IS STILL ALSO VERY IMPORTANT. YOU MAY SEE SOME OF THESE TOPICS AND YOU MAY NOT THINK THAT THEY HAVE A SCIENCE POLICY COMPONENT INITIALLY, BUT ALL OF THESE SECTORS AS WELL AS OTHER -- MOST ASPECTS OF SOCIETY, EXCUSE ME, BUSINESS AND LABOR, EMPLOYMENT, HAVE RANS AFFAIRS, EVEN -- VETERANS AFFAIRS HOW ELECTIONS ARE CONDUCTED TOUCH ON SCIENCE IN SOME WAY AND SO WHAT I'M TRYING TO CONVEY TO YOU HERE IS THAT I KNOW MOST OF YOU ARE PROBABLY INVOLVED IN NEUROSCIENCE OR SOME OTHER STEM TOPITOPIC BUT JUST BECAUSE YOU HAVE AN INTEREST IN SPECIFIC TOPIC YOU ARE NOT PIGEON HOLED TO DOING SCIENCE POLICY ON THAT PARTICULAR TOPIC. AS WE WILL DISCUSS IN A FEW SLIDES, JUST BY THE FACT THAT YOU ARE AA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHER YOU GAIN A LOT OF SKILLS THAT ARE TRANSFERABLE TO MANY DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF SCIENCE POLICY. AND SO WHEN CONSIDERING SCIENCE POLICY OR THINKING WHERE YOU CAN GET INVOLVED, MAKE SURE YOU KEEP AN OPEN MIND AND EVALUATE YOUR VALUES YOUR PASSIONS, AND YOUR INTERESTS IN ORDER TO HAVE A SATISFYING CAREER IN SCIENCE POLICY. SO ON THE PREVIOUS TWO SLIDES I SHOWED YOU A LARGE NUMBER OF TOPICS WITH RESPECT TO SOCIETY, GOVERNMENT, THAT REGULATE OUR LIVES. AND ESPECIALLY THE PERFORMANCE OF SCIENCE AND OUTCOMES OF SCIENCE AND HOW THOSE OUTCOMES ARE USED IN OUR LIVES. AND A LOT OF POLICY THAT REGULATES THE PERFORMANCE OF SCIENCE USE OF OUTCOMES. PROTECTION OF SCIENCE, THE FUNDING OF SCIENCE, BASICALLY EVERYTHING AROUND SCIENCE POLICY IS OFTEN REGULATED BY A GOVERNMENT. IF WE TAKE A LOO LOOK AT THE EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF THE 116TH CONGRESS WE WILL SEE ONLY 7% OF THOSE INDIVIDUALS HAD A RESEARCH OR SORRY HAD A DEGREE IN STEM FIELD WHICH MEANS WAS USED TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH UNDERSTOOD THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS, AND WAS THEN ABLE OR IS ABLE TO THEN TRANSLATE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION TO POLICY MAKERS WHO MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE ANY BACKGROUND IN SCIENCE. MOST OF THE POLICY THAT EFFECTS OUR LIVES AND THAT AFFECTS THE PERFORMANCE OF SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES ISEEIATED BY PEOPLE WHO -- IS CREATED BY PEOPLE WITH BACKGROUNDS MORE SO IN HUMANITIES. OF COURSE -- LAWYERS, HISTORY, AND ANOTHER THING I WANTED TO POINT OUT ON A PREVIOUS SLIDE I'M JUST REMEMBERING IS THAT EVEN IF YOU ARE NOT FROM A STEM BACKGROUND, IT IS NOT JUST PHYSICAL SCIENCE THAT IS IMPORTANT TO SCIENCE POLICY, MAJOR PART OF SCIENCE POLICY IS ALSO THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. THEY STUDY PEOPLE, THEY UNDERSTAND HOW PEOPLE COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER, THEY UNDERSTAND HOW PEOPLE NEED TO BE COMMUNICATED TO, IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND AND ACT ON INFORMATION BEING PRESENTED TO THEM. OVER THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS WE HAVE DEFINITELY SEEN THAT LAPSES IN COMMUNICATION OR MISUNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE HAS LED TO DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS FOR PEOPLE EVEN LEADING TO SOME PEOPLE GETTING SERIOUSLY ILL OR LOSING THEIR LIVES BECAUSE OF MISCOMMUNICATION OF SCIENCE. SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE MAKE UP OF PEOPLE WHO GENERALLY CRAFT THE POLICIES IN THE UNITED STATES YOU CAN SEE WE DO NEED SCIENTISTS WHO ARE PASSIONATE ABOUT MAKING SURE THAT THAT BRIDGE BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND POLICY MAKING IS BRIDGED WITH SCIENCE POLICY ADVOCATES BECAUSE YOUR EXPERIENCE IS NECESSARY, AND YOUR EXPERIENCE IS QUITE VALID SO PLEASE DON'T FEEL INTIMIDATED, BUT YOU DON'T HAVE A LAW BACKGROUND OR YOU DON'T HAVE LAW EDUCATION, YOUR VALUE IS IN WHAT YOU KNOW AND WHAT YOU CAN LEARN AND HOW QUICKLY YOU CAN LEARN IT AS WELL. SO WHEN WE TALK SCIENCE POLICY ADVOCATES AND ROLES, IT IS NOT JUST ONE DISTINCT ROLE THAT YOU CAN FULFILL IN SCIENCE POLICY. I'M GOING TO GO OVER THIS BOOK -- THESE CATEGORIES DISCUSSED IN THIS BOOK, THE HONEST BROKER BY ROGER, HE IS A SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONAL WHO PUBLISH AD BOOK IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND AND DELINEATE ROLES SCIENTISTS COULD ASSUME WHEN WORKING WITHIN SCIENCE POLICY. SO THE FIRST ONE WE WOULD BE MOST FAMILIAR WITH IS THE PURE SCIENTIST. SO THE PURE SCIENTIST IS GENERALLY FOCUSED ON PRODUCING THE RESEARCH THAT THE POLICY ANALYSTS AND SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONALS WILL USE IN ORDER TO CRAFT POLICY. THIS DOESN'T MEAN THEY CAN'T SOMETIMES CHIME IN WITH INFORMATION OR PROVIDE SOME BACKGROUND BUT GENERALLY THEY ARE NOT FOCUSED ON ADVOCACY OR COMMUNICATION BUT STRICTLY THE RESEARCH. SO THESE PEOPLE ARE PRIMARILY AFFECTED BY POLICY FOR SCIENCE ASPECT OF SCIENCE POLICY. THE NEXT IS THE SCIENCE ARBITER. THE SCIENCE ARBITER MAY ALSO STILL PARTICIPATE IN THE PRODUCTION OF SCIENCE AND GENERATING SCIENCE OUTCOMES. BUT THEY ALSO DO SERVE TO PROVIDE INFORMATION TO DECISION MAKERS AND POLICY MAKERS WHEN NECESSARY. SO ONE THICK TO UNDERSTAND ABOUT SCIENCE POLICY AS WELL AS POLICY MAKING IN GENERAL, IS THAT THEIR LIVES AND WORK MOVE AT A VERY FAST PACE, AS SCIENCE RESEARCHERS YOU ARE MORE USED TO TAKING YOUR TIME TO DEEP DIVE INTO VERY NARROW SUBJECTS, IT IS OPPOSITE FOR POLICY MAKERS. THEY NEED TO BE QUICK ON THEIR FEET, THEY NEED TO HAVE A BROAD UNDERSTANDING BUT A SHALLOW UNDERSTANDING OF A LOT OF TOPICS SO THAT IF THEY ARE ASKED ABOUT SOMETHING THEY ARE ABLE TO QUICKLY RESPOND. SO THE ROLE OF THE SCIENCE ARBITER IS TO BE THAT PERSON FOR A POLICY MAKER WHEN THEY SAY HEY, I NEED A BACKGROUND ON THIS PARTICULAR TOPIC, CAN YOU HELP ME, YOU WILL PROVIDE UNBIASED FACT BASED INFORMATION. YOU ARE MERELY PROVIDING THEM A WELL ROUNDED BACKGROUND SO THEY CAN BE MORE INFORMED. IF YOU DO WANT TO ASSUME A ROLE THAT'S MORE IN LINE WITH YOUR VALUES AND ADVOCACY THEN YOU CAN BE AN ISSUE ISSUED A VOW KATE. ISSUE, ADVO CATE. IF YOU PUSH FOR CERTAIN POLICY, YOU CANNOT ALSO PRESENT YOURSELF AS SOMEBODY WHO PROVIDES UNBIASED FACT BASED INFORMATION. SO IF YOU ARE ADVOCATING YOU SHOULD NOT TRY TO STRADDLE THE DIVIDE BETWEEN ADVOCATING AND BEING UNBIASED. SO JUST BE CAREFUL WITH THAT. AND LASTLY, THE HONEST BROKER. THAT IS SOMEBODY WHO PROVIDES A BROAD ARRAY OF INFORMATION AND SERVES AS INFORMATION REPOSITORY AND IS NOT FOCUSED ON PRODUCING SCIENCE OR GENERATING SCIENTIFIC OUTCOMES BUT IS AN INFORMATION PROVIDER TO POLICY MAKERS. SO AGAIN NOW THAT YOU ARE THINKING WHERE YOU MAY FIT IN NOR SCIENCE POLICY, I WANT TO TELL YOU AS I MENTIONED PREVIOUSLY, THAT YOUR WORK RIGHT NOW AS SCIENTIFIC TRAINEES OR RESEARCHERS OR EARLY CAREER RESEARCHERS HAS PREPARED YOU WELL FOR SCIENCE POLICY CAREER. IF YOU LOOK AT THE GRAPHIC ON THE RIGHT HERE ON THE LEFT-HAND SIDE THOSE BLACK BARS ARE SHOWING YOU DOCTORAL SKILLS OR SKILLS YOU GAIN DURING YOUR ADVANCED DEGREE THAT ARE THEN TRANSFERABLE TO SCIENCE POLICY WORK. SOME THOSE TOPICS ARE CRITICAL THINKING, THE ABILITY TO NOT ONLY FIND INFORMATION EVIDENCE WHEN YOU NEED IT BUT SYNTHESIZE INTO A VERY SUCCINCT REPORT, DATA ANALYSIS IN PARTICULAR, PROJECT MANAGEMENT. YOU DO NEED TO FOCUS ON, IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN A SCIENCE POLICY CAREER. SO A LOT OF BEING A POLICY MAKER IS COMMUNICATION, ESPECIALLY IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO ASSUME A ROLE WHERE YOU ARE PROVIDING INFORMATION TO POLICY MAKERS, YOU NEED TO KNOW HOW TO NETWORK, BUILD RELATIONSHIPS, YOU NEED TO BE PATIENT AND ASSERTIVE AT THE SAME TIME AND YOU NEED TO BE RESPECTFUL AND TRUSTWORTHY. ONE OF THE IMPORTANT THINGS IS THAT DESPITE YOU HAVING YOUR SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION AND PROBABLY BEING THE SMARTEST PERSON ON A PARTICULAR SCIENTIFIC TOPIC MANY THE ROOM, THERE ARE OTHER PEOPLE WHO HAVE JUST AS IMPORTANT EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE EVEN IF IT IS NOT SCIENCE BASED. SO YOU NEED TO BE ABLE THE COMMUNICATE WITH THESE PEOPLE, CONVEY YOUR UNDERSTANDING AND LISTEN TO THEM SO THAT YOU UNDERSTAND WHERE THEY ARE COMING FROM. SUCCINCT AND CLEAR ORAL COMMUNICATION IS ALSO EXTREMELY IMPORTANT WORKING AS SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONAL SO PRACTICE PUBLIC SPEAKING, SPEAKING TO PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS OF AUTHORITY AND FINDING OPPORTUNITIES TO PRACTICE THOSE SKILLS. SIMILARLY WRITTEN COMMUNICATION IS VERY IMPORTANT AND POLICY OR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION IN SCIENCE POLICY IS QUITE DIFFERENT THAN WHAT YOU ARE PROBABLY USED TO AS A SCIENCE RESEARCHER OR SCIENCE PROFESSIONAL. IT'S IMPORTANT TO FIND OPPORTUNITIES TO LEARN HOW TO WRITE POLICY BRIEFS AND POLICY MEMOS AND WRITE IN THE ACTIVE VOICE. AND AGAIN SUCCINCT AND CLEAR COMMUNICATION IS VERY IMPORTANT IN ANY TYPE OF COMMUNICATION AS A SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONAL. LASTLY, BUT ALSO -- LASTLY BUT ALSO JUST AS IMPORTANT, YOU WANT TO UNDERSTAND THE STRUCTURE AND THE PROCEDURES AND THE MN DATES OF YOUR GOVERNMENT, UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOUR DIFFERENT CABINETS, CABINET LEADERS ARE UP TO AND PRIORITIES. AND ALSO BE FAMILIAR WITH THE LANDSCAPE OUTSIDE OF GOVERNMENT, SO WHAT ARE THE NON-PROFITS THAT ARE CLOSE PROXIMITY TO GOVERNMENT DOING? WHAT IS PRIVATE INDUSTRY DOING? ALL THESE ARE REALLY IMPORTANT TO BEING A WELL ROUNDED PROFESSIONAL. SO SOME OF THE AREAS WHERE YOU CAN PRACTICE, IF YOU DECIDE TO GO INTO SCIENCE POLICY, AND YOU HAVE DECIDED THAT YOU WANT TO PERFORM A SPECIFIC SCIPOL ROLE, THESE ARE TOP FOUR I WILL GO OVER IN THE NEXT FOUR SLIDES. COMMUNICATION AND ADVOCACY I TOUCHED ON QUITE A BIT ALREADY, COMMUNICATION IS FUNDAMENTAL. POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND POLICY ANALYSIS, SCIENCE DIPLOMACY AND POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AND OVERSIGHT. SO FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND ADVOCACY, AS I MENTIONED WITH ROGER'S FOUR CATEGORIES YOU ARE WORKING TO TRANSLATE SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION SO THAT IT IS ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYBODY. SO THAT MEANS PUBLIC, LAW MAKERS AND ANYBODY ELSE WHO MAY HAVE A VESTED INTEREST OR BE IMPACTED BY THE OUTCOME OF THIS RESEARCH. WHICH IS WHY PLAIN LANGUAGE WRITING AND NOT USING JARGON WHEN TRYING TO COMMUNICATE SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS IS VERY IMPORTANT, IN SCIENCE POLICY. SO WE WANT TO AGAIN USE NARRATIVES USE STORIES IN ORDER TO GET SCIENCE TO RESONATE WITH PEOPLE, AND GET THEM TO INCORPORATE THAT INTO THEIR DAILY LIVES OR BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND WHY CERTAIN POLICIES ARE IMPORTANT FOR THEIR DAILY LIVES. IF YOU ARE WORKING IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS YOU CAN ASSUME A NUMBER OF ROLES. YOU CAN BE ADVISING, YOU CAN WORK STRICTLY IN POLICY RESEARCH WHERE YOU ARE GENERATING MEMOS, REPORTS AND BRIEFS. AND REALLY THOSE ARE USED TO -- FOR INSTANCE THE CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH LIBRARY, IS WHERE MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OR SENATE GO IF NAY ARE LOOKING TO GET A BACKGROUND ON A PARTICULAR TOPIC OR UNDERSTAND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, THE CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE PROVIDES REPORTS FOR THEM TO DO SO. YOU CAN ALSO ACT AS AN EXPERT IN COURT AND HELP TO BRAINSTORM NEW POLICY BASED ON SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE. SCIENCE DIPLOMACY AS WE EXPERIENCED THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT ASPECT OF SCIENCE POLICY. THE POINT OF SCIENCE DIPLOMACY IS TO TAKE SCIENCE POLICY TO A GLOBAL SCALE. SO YOU ARE WORKING WITH LEADERS IN OTHER NATIONS IN ORDER TO ADVANCE COMMON FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVES IN ORDER TO ACCOMPLISH GOALS THAT OTHERWISE WOULD BE INCREDIBLY DIFFICULT FOR A SINGLE NATION TO ACCOMPLISH ON THEIR OWN. WE HAVE ALL SEEN COVID AND THE INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION THAT WAS NECESSARY IN ORDER TO ADDRESS COVID AND ALSO DISTRIBUTE VACCINES. THE UN IS INVOLVED IN THE COVAX INITIATIVE WHICH STANDS FOR I BELIEVE COVID-19 VACCINE ACCESS. THEY WORK TO ENSURE THERE WAS EQUITABLE AND RAPID DISTRIBUTION OF VACCINES GLOBALLY. SO SCIENCE DIPLOMACY IS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF TAKING SCIENCE POLICY ACROSS THE WORLD. ENSURING BENEFITS FOR EVERYBODY GLOBALLY. LASTLY IF YOU DECIDE TO WORK IN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AND OVERSIGHT, ON THE LEFT WE HAVE LOCALS FROM SOME INSTITUTES THAT DRAFT POLICY FOR PARTICULAR RESEARCH SECTORS, BUT AS WELL YOU CAN WORK IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE OR THE PRIVATE SPHERE OR NOT FOR PROFIT IN ORDER TO GENERATE THESE POLICIES THAT DETERMINE STRUCTURE FUNDING AND MANAGEMENT OF SCIENCE PROGRAMS. POLICY AUDITING IS ALSO ANOTHER ASPECT OF PARTICULARLY POLICY FOR SCIENCE THAT YOU CAN GET INVOLVED WITH. SO LASTLY, I WANT TO TOUCH ON SOME OTHER SETTINGS, JUST TO SHOW YOU THE DIVERSITY OF CAREERS THAT COULD BE AVAILABLE TO YOU WHICH WILL BE DISCUSSED ON A LATER SLIDE. BUT AS I MENTIONED MULTIPLE TIMES GOVERNMENT OF COURSE DEALS WITH SCIENCE POLICY BUT SOME OTHER PLACES THAT YOU MAY NOT HAVE THOUGHT OF WOULD BE THINK TANKS, THERE ARE SPECIFIC POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS AND NON-PROFITS THAT ADVOCATE SPECIFIC ISSUES. ACADEMIA AND LOBBYING FIRMS ARE ALSO PLACES WHERE YOU CAN BECOME A SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONAL AND ADVOCATE OR PROVIDE INFORMATION ON ISSUES THAT ARE IMPORTANT TO U YOU YOU. I'M GOING TO PASS IT TO SHRI AND HE WILL DISCUSS HOW YOU CAN MOLD YOUR CAREER TO BECOME A SCIENCE POLICY PROFESSIONAL. >> HEY JENNIFER, THANK YOU FOR THAT WONDERFUL SETUP. THE SLIDE BASICALLY IS JUST QUICKLY TO GIVE YOU AN OVERVIEW OF ALL THE POTENTIAL CAREER PATHS THAT NADINE DISCUSSED. AND I ONE YOU THROUGH SOME OF THE OTHER STEPS THAT WILL TAKE YOU HOME IN TERMS OF WHAT YOU NEED TO DO TO PREPARE FOR A SCIPOL CAREER. SO IN TERMS OF PREPARING FOR A SCIPOL CAREER OBVIOUSLY THE BEST WAY TO DO IT IS TO LAUNCH INTO A SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLICY FELLOWSHIP, IMMEDIATELY AFTER YOU FINISH GRADUATE SCHOOL. BUT THE PROBLEM IS THAT THE IDEAL WAY TO GO ABOUT THAT IS TO CREATE A FOUNDATION USING SOME OF THE ITEMS THAT I'M LISTING HERE. THEN CRAFT A RESUME THAT ALLOW YOU TO DEMONSTRATE LEADERSHIP INITIATIVES SKILLS AND COLLABORATION AND LEARN TRANSITION STEPS BEFORE YOU ENTER THAT FELLOWSHIP FOR YOUR SCIPOL CAREER. SO WHAT IS A SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY FELLOWSHIP? IT IS FUNDAMENTALLY VERY STRUCTURED WAY TO CONTRIBUTE TO YOUR EXPERTISE AND PERSPECTIVES TO THE POLICY MAKING PROCESS. THIS IS TYPICALLY DONE THROUGH ENTITY OR ORGANIZATION AND WHAT HAPPENS THERE IS IN RETURN YOU RECEIVE A MENTOR, YOU RECEIVE GUIDANCE, GET TO CONNECT WITH LIKE MINDED PEERS AND FUNDAMENTALLY YOU BUILD A NETWORK THAT I ALLOWS YOU TO ENHANCE YOUR PREVIOUS SKILLS AND LEARN NEW SKILLS AS YOU LAUNCH INTO YOUR SCIPOL CAREER. ONE THING THAT I WOULD LIKE TO POINT OUT HERE IS SOMETIMES IT SO HAPPENS AS NADINE MENTIONED IN ONE OF HER SLIDES THAT YOUR BACKGROUND AND YOUR TRAINING HAS ABSOLUTELY NOTHING TO DO WITH WHERE YOU EVENTUALLY GET PLACED. SOME OF IT CERTAINLY OF SOME INSTANCES OF NEUROSCIENTISTS WORKING IN THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, I KNOW A AAAS FELLOW WITH A BACKGROUND IN GEOGRAPHY WORKING IN TRADE EVANS, SO FORTH. MY POINT IS THAT WHAT THEY ARE LOOKING FOR IS A GOOD FIT WITH YOUR BACKGROUND AND SKILLS AND THEY WILL FUNDAMENTALLY CONSORT WITH YOU OF COURSE DECIDE WHERE YOUR PLACEMENT IS. THE AAAS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLICY FELLOWSHIP IS OBVIOUSLY A PRESTIGIOUS FELLOWSHIP, STARTED IN 1973 WITH SEVEN FELLOWS ON CAPITOL HILL, NOW GROWN INTO A HUGE PROGRAM, WHERE US POINT IT IS IN THE 50TH YEAR, TYPICAL PLACEMENT ACROSS ABOUT THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH LEGISLATIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL BRANCH. WHAT IS BASED IN WASHINGTON D.C. POSITION OF PREDOMINANTLY IN THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH LAST HEARD ABOUT 260 POSITIONS. YOU OFTEN GET TO WORK WITH HEAVY DUTY ENTITIES LIKE THE NIH AND NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION. THE FELLOWS IN THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH USUALLY THROUGH PARTNER SOCIETIES, IN TERMS OF JUDICIAL BRANCH FROM WHAT I UNDERSTOOD TWO POSITIONS, EVERY ONCE IN A WHILE THERE IS ADDITIONAL FELLOWSHIP, THE ROGER GLOBAL FELLOWSHIP. I WON'T GO INTO. THESE ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF FEDERAL AND GOVERNMENT THAT YOU COULD POTENTIALLY WORK ON. NADINE TOUCHED ON A FEW HERE. IN TERMS OF STATE GOVERNMENT ONE THING I WANT TO POINT OUT IS THAT SEVERAL STATES HAVE MODELED AND CREATED OWN STATE FELLOWSHIPS. ALL BASED ON THE A,AS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY FELLOWSHIP MODEL. CALIFORNIA WAS ONE TO FIRST START THIS. SINCE THEN CREATED DOCUMENTS AND INFRASTRUCTURE FOR EVERYBODY ELSE INTERESTED IN STARTING A IF HE WILL LOW SHIP MANY THEIR STATE. THE ONE THING THAT I WOULD LIKE -- FELLOWSHIP IN THEIR STATE. THE NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY NETWORK THAT THREE OF US ARE PART OF HAS AN AD HOC STATE FELLOWSHIP COMMITTEE WHERE SOME OF THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN STARTING FELLOWSHIPS IN STATES ACTUALLY MENTOR IN PLAIN AND GUIDE NEXT GENERATION OF PEOPLE WHO WANT TO START FELLOWSHIPS IN THEIR STATES. ONE OTHER THING TO POINT OUT IS THAT FELLOWSHIPS SPAN OTHER ORGANIZATIONS TOO. THIS COULD INVOLVE NGOs, THIS COULD INVOLVE RESEARCH ENTITIES, ALSO BE THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY FOR EXAMPLE -- COULD BE REGULAR SRI AS WELL LIKE MODZILLA. ESPN RUNS SCIPOL SCHOLARS RESIDENTS PROGRAM THEREFORE WHERE FOR A FEW WEEKS YOU ARE THROWN IN WITH OTHER LIKE MINDED PEERS FOLLOWING COMPETITIVE AND SELECTIVE APPLICATION PROCESS, AND YOU LEARN THE RUDIMENTS OF WHAT YOU NEED TO DO TO GET SCIENCE POLICY CAREER LAUNCHED. PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY I CANNOT EMPHASIS HOW IMPORTANT IT IS TO GET INVOLVED WITH EYE PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES. IT IS A LONG LIST HERE. AND THE ADVANTAGE WITH GETTING INVOLVED WITH PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES LIKE NSPN IS YOU GET A STRUCTURED WAY IN WHICH YOU CAN OBTAIN VALUABLE LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE AND SKILLS, YOU CAN ALSO HONE YOUR WRITING AND SPEAKING PROFICIENCIES. THE OTHER ADDITIONAL BENEFIT OF COURSE IS THEY USUALLY HAVE TRAINING WEBINARS FORMAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS, AND SO ON AND SO FORTH, WHICH IF YOU STAY ON TOP OF LIEU THE WEEKLY NEWS LETTER YOU DON'T HAVE TO GO SEARCHING FOR THESE, YOU CAN JUST PICK AND CHOOSE AND PARTICIPATE IN THOSE. IN THIS LONG LIST THOUGH I WOULD LIKE TO POINT OUT A FEW THAT I HAVE PERSONALLY BEEN INVOLVED WITH, ONE IS THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, COUPLE OF THINGS THAT I PARTICIPATED WITH THEM, THEY RUN A NICE POLICY MAKERS WORKSHOP, WHERE YOU GET TO UNDERSTAND THINGS LIKE THE FEDERAL BUDGET YOU KNOW HOW THE BUDGET IS BALANCED, YOU RECOGNIZE ALSO HOW THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT WORKS. SO THOSE ARE IMPORTANT SKILLS BEFORE YOU END UP IN WASHINGTON IF YOU ARE DOING THE AAAS FOR EXAMPLE, THE CALIFORNIA COUNCIL ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IS ANOTHER ONE THAT I WANT TO POINT OUT AND THE LAST TWO THAT I WOULD LIKE TO BRING TO YOUR ATTENTION IS THE ENGAGING SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS IN POLICY, AND ENGAGING ENGINEERS AND SCIENTIST ACTING LOCALLY ESAL. NEXT PLEASE. ONE OTHER THING YOU HAVE TO DO WHICH INCREDIBLY HELP YOU, IS TO GET A -- BE WITH THE FOUNDATIONAL TEXT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY. HERE ON THE RIGHT GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE OF TEXT THAT CONCERN VIABLE AND NECESSARY IF YOU WANT TO BE INVOLVED IN A SCIPOL CAREER THIS IS THE WITHIN WE ARE USING. DEBORAH STEIN WHO RUN AS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLICY ACADEMY AND RUNS FOUR COURSES WHERE YOU LEARN ALL THE SKILLS TO LAUNCH YOUR SCIPOL CAREER, USES THIS BOOK AS A PARTS OF HER COURSE WORK. DEBRA WAS AT ONE POINT APPOINTING THE WHITE HOUSE OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY. NEXT PLEASE. STAYING ON TOP OF THE NEWS. I CANNOT EMPHASIZE HOW CRITICAL THIS IS. AND THERE'S SEVERAL WAYS TO DO THAT. STAYING ON TOP OF THE NEWS ALLOWS YOU FIRST AND FOREMOST TO BE ACTIVE ENGAGED AROUND THE WORLD AND MAKING CONVERSATION NETWORK AND AT THE TIME OF YOUR INTERVIEWS IT HELPS TO SHOWCASE THE FACT THAT THERE'S MORE TO YOU THAN JUST YOUR GRADUATE SCHOOL BACKGROUND. THERE'S SEVERAL WAYS TO DO THIS BUT I'M HIGHLIGHTING A FEW HERE. ONE IS AAAS POLICY ALERT. WHICH IS BASICALLY WEEKLY NEWS LETTER THAT GIVES YOU RUN UP OF ALL POLICIES CURRENTLY IN DISCUSSION. PARTICULARLY THOSE AFFECTING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. YOU HAVE TO BE A AAAS MEMBER TO RECEIVE THIS POLICY ALERT. THE THING I LIKE ABOUT IT IS NOT ONLY DO YOU RECEIVE ALL THAT POLICY INFORMATION YOU RECEIVE AN ACTION ALERT WHERE -- WHICH YOU CAN TRANSLATE INTO AN ADVOCACY ACTION. SO NOT ONLY ARE YOU LEARNING ABOUT POLICIES, BUT YOU ARE ALSO BUILDING ADVOCACY SKILLS AT THE SAME TIME. THE AIBS, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, RUNS SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS BOOT CAMP, EVERY YEAR. AND THEN THEY ALSO ORGANIZE STRICT VISITS TWICE A YEAR, ONCE IN SPRING AND FALL, THAT ALLOWS YOU TO MEET YOUR LOCAL CONGRESSMEN AND SOMETIMES IN WASHINGTON COUNTER PARTS INCLUDING PEOPLE HIGH UP IN THE FOOD CHAIN. SO IT IS A GREAT RESOURCE, TO STAY ON TOP OF. THE NASEM HAS THESE MASSIVE PUBLICATIONS, PUT TOGETHER BY EXPERTS WHO PARTICIPATE IN ROUND TABLES PLENARY SESSIONS WORKING GROUPS, WORKSHOPS AND SO ON AND SO FORTH, THIS INCREASE WILL OF COURSE WHEN YOU ARE Ph.D. TO READ ON THE DOCUMENTS, THE PLUS IS THAT THE FRONT OF DOCUMENT USUALLY HAVE A NICE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TO CAPTURE WHAT IS IN THAT DOCUMENT. RECENT PUBLICATIONS WILL BE FOCUSED ON ISSUES LIKE THE COVID PANDEMIC, GLOBAL HEALTH ISSUES, INEQUITIES ABOUT VACCINES SO FORTH, SO THAT'S A GREAT RESOURCE TO STAY ON TOP OF AND FIND OUT WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THOSE POLICY FIELDS. THE PCAST IS ONE RESOURCE I USUALLY FOLLOW MOST OFTEN ON REGULAR BASIS AS MY SCHEDULE ALLOWS. BASICALLY THE PCAST CONSISTS OF VOLUME FROM FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CHARGED WITH MAKE POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE PRESIDENT AND WHITE HOUSE. OFTEN THERE ARE LISTENING SESSIONS WHERE THE LAY PUBLIC CAN PARTICIPATE AND THERE IS ALSO AN OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE YOUR VOICE HEARD. NOW, THIS IS A VERY BUSY SLIDE AND NADINE TOUCHED ON THESE PREVIOUSLY BUT THE TWO THINGS THAT I WANT TO POINT OUT ON THIS SLIDE ARE THE SCIENCE POLICY STUDENT GROUPS ON THE LEFT WHICH IS A GREAT VENUE FOR YOU TO PARTICIPATE IN. AND THEN I ALSO WANT TO TALK A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT SCIENCE OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATION ON MY NEXT SLIDE. OF COURSE WE'LL HAVE THE PDF VERSION OF THIS HAND OUT TO GO THROUGH THIS SLIDE IN MORE DETAIL. NEXT PLEASE. SO IN TERMS OF SCIENCE OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATION, IT MUST BE CLEAR TO YOU BY THIS POINT THAT NOT ONLY DO YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO READ WELL WRITE WELL RESEARCH WELL ANALYZE WELL, YOU NEED TO BE ALSO ABLE TO TALK AND INTERACT WITH DIVERSE STAKEHOLDERS AND POLICY MAKING PROCESS. ON ONE HAND YOU HAVE ALL THESE DECISION MAKERS WHO ARE ABSOLUTELY BUSY AND DON'T HAVE EXPERTISE IN ALL THESE AREAS AND ON THE OTHER HAND YOU HAVE THE LAY PUBLIC THAT YOU HAVE TO BREAK DOWN ALL THIS TECHNICAL JARGON INTO SIMPLE BITS OF INFORMATION TO ANALYZE AN SYNTHESIZE. SO SOME AVENUES TO IMPROVE SKILLS IN THESE DOMAINS ARE THE AAAS LOCAL SCIENCE ENGAGEMENT NETWORK, THIS IS STILL IN PRELIMINARY STAGE, THEY STARTED THIS SOMETIME LAST YEAR BUT IT IS SPREADING ACROSS AND SO THAT IS ONE WAY TO GET IN TOUCH WITH LOCAL SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES. YOU CAN ALSO BE A GUEST REVIEWER OR EDITOR ON THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLICY INITIATIVE EDITORIAL BOARD. YOU GET TO WRITE ON SUBJECTS OF YOUR CHOICE, IT IS NOT VERY TIME INTENSIVE AND IT IS FUNDAMENTALLY A VOLUNTARY SITUATION WHERE WHEN TIME PERMITS YOU ARE ABLE TO WRITE AND PARTICIPATE. FOREFRONT MEDIUM SCITECH FOREFRONT IS AN AVENUE TO PUBLIC TOPICS OF YOUR INTEREST, AND I WANTED ALSO BRING TO YOUR ATTENTION THE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE POLICY AND GOVERNANCE. THE JSPG RUNS SEVERAL SCIENCE POLICY MEMO COMPETITIONS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND THEY ALSO HAVE A LOT OF EDUCATIONAL AND RAINING ACTIVITIES AND WEBINARS THAT WILL GET YOU UP TO SPEED IN TERMS OF WHAT YOU NEED TO DO FOR YOUR NEXT STEPS IN YOUR SCIPOL CAREER. THERE IS ALSO AN OPPORTUNITY TO BECOME AN ASSOCIATE EDITOR AND THEN THE LAST TWO RESOURCES THAT I WANT TO BRING TO YOUR ATTENTION IS THE ALAN ALDA CENTER FOR COMMUNICATING SCIENCE, THERE IS AN IMPROMPTU WORKSHOP THAT ALLOWS YOU TO CREATE A COMPELLING STORY TELLING NARRATIVE. WIKIPEDIA YOU KNOW YOU CAN BE A EDITOR AND SCIENTIST AND SCHOLARS PROGRAM AND THE LAST TWO RESOURCES ARE THINGS NSPN SPONSORED CONTENT. SO THE LAST THING I WANT TO POINT OUT UNFORTUNATELY DUE TO PAUCITY OF TIME WE ARE NOT ABLE TO DO THIS INTERACTIVELY AT THIS POINT BUT THERE IS THIS LINKEDIN 10, 10, 10 EXERCISE UCSF PUT TOGETHER. THIS IS A SIMPLE EXERCISE FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS AND POST DOCS WHO ARE SEEKING CAREERS. AND WHEN YOU DO THIS I STRONGLY SUGGEST YOU DO, YOU ARE ABLE TO MAP A PART THAT ALLOWS YOU TO LAUNCH YOUR SCIPOL CAREER. SO THE LAST THING I WANT TO DO IS IN THE END I WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE ORGANIZERS OF THE PROGRAM, ALLOWING MY COLLEAGUES ON THIS CALL, PARTICULAR LISA BAND ALEXANDRA WHO ARE GRACIOUS -- PARTICULARLY, SAHBA AND ALEX WHO ALLOWED US TO PARTICIPATE. NSPN ADVOCACY CHAIR WHO ACTUALLY INVITED US TO THIS PROJECT AND COORDINATING THE TIE UPS NECESSARY FOR US TO PARTICIPATE. AND MY WONDERFUL COLLEAGUES FROM NSPN, JENNIFER AND NADINE, WHO WORK DILIGENTLY, PATIENTLY BEHIND THE SCENES TO PUT ALL THIS PRESENTATION TOGETHER DESPITE THEIR BUSY SCHEDULES, TRAVEL IN THE CASE OF JENNIFER AND MANY OTHER PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENTS. SO THANK YOU ALL AND WE WOULD BE HAPPY TO TAKE ANY QUESTIONS YOU MIGHT HAVE. I ALSO WANT TO MENTION THAT THERE IS A PANEL DISCUSSION THIS AFTERNOON FROM 2 TO 3, IT IS A GROUP DISCUSSION WHERE WE WILL BE ABLE TO ADDRESS A FEW MORE QUESTIONS IN DETAIL, THAT WE ARE NOT ABLE TO ADDRESS HERE IN THIS Q&A. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. >> THANK YOU, DR. MAHNKALI, DR. WELLINGTON AND Ph.D. CANDIDATE BROWN FOR YOUR TALKS TODAY. AS WE TRANSITION TO Q&A, PLEASE USE THE RAISE HAND FEATURE AND WE WILL CALL AND ASK YOU TO UNMUTE TO ASK YOUR QUESTION. ALTERNATIVELY PLEASE FEEL FREE TO PUT YOUR QUESTIONS INTO THE CHAT BOX AND WE CAN READ THEM DIRECTLY. SO I WANT TO START WITH THE FIRST QUESTION TODAY. SO I'M CURIOUS HOW WITH SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE INCORPORATED INTO PRESENTATIONS OF AND DECISION MAKING ABOUT SO CALLED WICKED PROBLEMS WHICH LACK CLEAR DEFINITION AND CANNOT BE SOLVED DEFINITELY? >> IT DEPENDS ON AGAIN THE SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM, WICKED PROBLEMS FOR PEOPLE WHO AREN'T FAMILIAR WITH IT IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE JUST GENERAL SOCIETAL PROBLEMS THAT ARE INTRACTABLE, VERY DIFFICULT TO RESOLVE, HAVE A LOT OF COMPETING INTERESTS AND COMPETING VOICES. SO AS I HIGHLIGHTED ON EARLIER SLIDE, COMMUNICATION AND THE ABILITY TO DISTILL INFORMATION ESPECIALLY TO PEOPLE UNFAMILIAR WITH THAT INFORMATION IS INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT. AND I'M JUST GOING TO HARP ON THIS AGAIN BECAUSE AGAIN COMING OUT OF GRAD SCHOOL STUDYING PEER SCIENCE THIS WAS SOMETHING THAT I WAS NOT VERY SKILLED IN BUT AGAIN IT IS ALSO REALLY IMPORTANT, YOU MAY HAVE AN OPINION ON A PARTICULAR ISSUE, WE ALL HAVE OPINIONS ON COVID, WE HAVE OPINION ON MASKING AND CLIMATE CHANGE, ET CETERA BUT WHAT YOU HAVE TO UNDERSTAND IS THERE ARE VALID REASONS AN MOTIVATIONS BEHIND OTHER PEOPLE'S OPINIONS. SOFT IT IS NOT ENOUGH TO SAY WELL THIS IS WHAT THE SCIENCE SAID, THIS IS FACT AND THEREFORE THIS IS WHAT YOU HAVE TO DO. YOU HAVE TO BE ABLE TO COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE, BE DIPLOMATIC, PATIENT, RESPECTFUL, IN OTHER WORDS TO GET PROGRESS ON THESE PROBLEMS BECAUSE WITHOUT ADEQUATE COMMUNICATION WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING AND RESPECT YOU MAY KNOW HOW TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM THAT IS PARTICULARLY DIFFICULT BUT YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO GAIN CONSENSUS IN ORDER TO PUSH THESE SOLUTIONS FORWARD. >> I THINK NADINE HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD THERE, I WAS GOING TO SAY SOMETHING SIMILAR AND INSTEAD I WILL ADD ON. ALSO COMING OUT OF MORE OF A BENCH SCIENCE, IT IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER THE SOCIAL SCIENTISTS THE PSYCHOLOGISTS, PEOPLE WHO STUDY MORE ON THE HUMANITIES SIDE BECAUSE WE MAY KNOW HOW TO MAKE THE VACCINE BUT WE DO NOT NECESSARILY KNOW HOW TO GET PEOPLE TO TAKE THE VACCINE THAT WE MAKE AND I THINK THE RECENT WORLDWIDE EVENTS HAVE MADE THAT ABUNDANTLY CLEAR. WE CAN MAKE DRUGS, WE CAN MAKE TREATMENTS BUT WHO IS GOING TO BE THE ONE FOR EXAMPLE IN THE CLINICAL SETTING THAT IS GOING TO HELP PATIENTS UNDERSTAND WHAT IS THE BEST CHOICE FOR THEIR OWN HEALTHCARE. SO AGAIN AS NADINE SAID, THERE ARE OTHER VALID VIEW POINTS, THOSE OTHER VIEW POINTS ARE PROBABLY ALSO BACKED BY SCIENCE, JUST OF A KINDS WE MAY NOT BE USED TO SEEING AT THE DAY AND ARE WORTH INTEGRATING INTO WHATEVER THE FINAL SOLUTION IS TO MAKE IT AS STRONG AS POSSIBLE. >> PLEASE FEEL FREE TO PUT YOUR QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT. I ALSO HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION THAT I LIB VERY USEFUL FOR THE AUDIENCE. SO WHAT STAGES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICY DOES SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE HAVE GREATEST IMPACT ON THE DECISIONS MADE? >> WE CAN GO IN A TIME LINE BUT SCIENCE IS INVOLVED IN EVERY STAGE AND I THINK YOU DON'T EVEN KNOW WHAT THE POLICY PROBLEMS ARE UNLESS YOU HAVE DATA TO LOOK AT TO ASK THE QUESTION. THIS IS THE CHICKEN EGG I FEEL LIKE BECAUSE EVERY POLICY THAT'S IMPLEMENTED USUALLY HAS SOME KIND OF OUTCOME METRIC THAT AT LEAST CURRENTLY IS BUILT INTO THE POLL CIRCUMSTANCES HOW DO YOU KNOW WHETHER IT IS A SUCCEEDS OR FAILS CLINICAL TRIALS HAVE END POINTS THEY ARE EXPECTED TO MEET AND THEY MAY OR MAY NOT MAKE THEM BUT THERE IS DATA AVAILABLE. THE SAME IS TRUE FOR POLICY. SO YOU CAN LOOK AT WHAT WAS THE EXPECTED OUTCOME MEASURE, DID WE HIT IT, OR NOT, WHY OR WHY NOT. IT IS NOT JUST A ONE AND DONE, IT IS A CONSTANTLY EVOLVING PROCESS. SO DATA AND SCIENCE IS USED AT EVERY PART OF THAT. >> I WANT TO ADD TO WHAT JENNIFER MENTIONED, SHE MENTIONED SEVERAL IMPORTANT POINTS. FIRST OBVIOUSLY YOU WOULD LIKE TO GET INVOLVED AT THE OUTSET. BEFORE POLICY FORMULATION IS HAPPENING. BUT IT SO HAPPENS THERE WILL BE TIMES WHEN NOTHING FOR YOU TO GO BY. YOU HAVE TO LEARN ON THE FLY. HERE IS AN EXAMPLE IS THE VACCINES AND THE COVID PANDEMIC FOR LONG TIME IT WAS NOT CLEAR WHICH VACCINE WOULD WORK HOW IT WOULD WORK WHEN WE NEED TO TAKE OUR SHOTS, WHAT THE FINE LINE IS, AND WHEN YOU SHOULD GET YOUR BOOSTER FOR EXAMPLE. FROM AS DATA STARTED FILTERING IN IN TYPES OF VACCINES ALL THE COMPLICATIONS THAT AROSE FROM THE VACCINES, ON THE FLY YOU HAVE TO IMPROVISE AND BASICALLY MAKE YOUR POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS. IT IS VERY COMFORTABLE TO BLAME THE CDC, THE NIH OR ADMINISTRATION IN THE OFFICE BUT THE PROBLEM IS, THAT THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM IS SUCH THAT SOMETIMES IT IS INFEASIBLE TO HAVE ALL THE POLICY INFORMATION, ALL THE DATA TO MAKE ALL THOSE CONCRETE CAST IN STONE RECOMMENDATIONS SO SOMETIMES WE HAVE TO IMPROVISE ON THE FLY. I WOULD SAY FROM THE TIME THE PANDEMIC STARTED FOR EXAMPLE TO WHERE WE ARE NOW WE HAVE LEARNED A LOT AND YOU ARE SEEING THE IMPACT OF ALL THOSE NEW POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THINGS THAT WE HAVE LEARNED OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS. SO THE IMPORTANT THING IS TO STAY NIMBLE AND BE FOCUSED ON THINGS DATA AS IT COMES IN. AND THEN MAKE THE APPROPRIATE REMEDIAL CHANGES. >> THAT IS ACTUALLY A REALLY GREAT POINT. ON THAT NOTE HOW DO YOU THINK SCIENTISTS AND POLICY MAKERS COULD BEST RECOGNIZE AND CONVEY THE LIMITATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC ADVICE? >> THAT IS A TOUGH CALL, SAHBA, AS I'M LEARNING AS PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST AND CURRENTLY SOMEONE INVOLVED IN GLOBAL HEALTH, IT IS A CHALLENGE BECAUSE THERE ARE A LOT OF BARRIERS, ONE IN TERMS OF HEALTHCARE ACCESS, BARRIERS IN TERMS OF HEALTHCARE INEQUITIES, THERE IS LANGUAGE BARRIER, IDEOLOGY BARRIER AND FUNDAMENTALLY A COMMUNICATION BARRIER. LAW MAKERS HAVE ALL THESE CONSTITUENCIES THEY HAVE TO CATER TO, AND SO SOME OF THEIR DECISION MAKING PROCESSES YOU ARE SEEING ACROSS THE U.S. IS DRIVEN NOT SO MUCH BY SCIENCE AS IT IS BY WHAT THEY ARE HEARING FROM THEIR WILLCAL CONSTITUENCIES SO IT IS A CHALLENGE. IT IS A ONGOING THING. THINGS ARE BETTER IN THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS, EVEN THOSE WHO FOR EXAMPLE ARE ON ONE SIDE OF THE ISSUE, MOW AS MORE DATA HAS COME IN AS WE HAVE MORE INFORMATION AND AS WE HAVE ALSO SEEN REAL LIFE IMPLICATIONS OF PANDEMIC IN TERMS OF HEALTHCARE JOB LOSS GRAVE RESIGNATIONS, THERE'S A HOST OF ISSUE, THEY ARE ABLE TO NOW UNDERSTAND AND MAKE THE NECESSARY CHANGES BUT IT IS A PROCESS. I THINK WE HAVE MADE PROGRESS BUT WE STILL HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO. >> ANOTHER THING I WANT TO QUICKLY TOUCH ON IS AGAIN, THE FOUR CATEGORIES OF SCIPOL PROFESSIONAL THAT PL MENTIONED IN HIS BOOK. I WANT TO WITH RESPECT TO LAW MAKERS POLICY MAKERS, KNOWING THE LIMITATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE OBVIOUSLY WITH THEIR BACKGROUND AND EDUCATION, THAT THEY ARE NOT ABLE TO DETERMINE THOSE LIMITS THAT'S WHY EARLIER WHEN I MENTIONED DEPENDING ON THE ROLE YOU CHOOSE, YOU CANNOT TRY TO STRADDLE BEING AN HONEST BROKER AS WELL AS ISSUED A VOW KATE BECAUSE YOU NEED TO BE HONEST AND FORTHRIGHT ABOUT THE INFORMATION YOU ARE PROVIDING AND WHAT YOUR MOTIVATIONS ARE. IF YOU DECIDE YOU WANT TO BE THAT PERSON WHO COMMUNE CASE THE LIMITATIONS AND THE OUTCOMES OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH THEN THAT IS GOING TO BE YOUR ROLE. IF YOU SWITCH BETWEEN TWO OR YOUR YOU ARE TELLING ONE PERSON THIS BECAUSE YOU WANT THEM TO ACT A CERTAIN WAY BUT BEING HONEST BROKER WITH SOMEBODY ELSE WILL DEVOIR YOUR TRUST WORTHINESS AND ALSO DEVOIR YOUR CAREER. SO WITH RESPECT TO HOW THEY KNOW, THAT IS THE ROLE THAT'S THE ROLE TO GET PEOPLE TO GO INTO, THAT'S ONE OF THE ASPECTS OF SCIENCE POLICY THAT ARE REALLY IMPORTANT. >> THIS IS A REALLY INTERESTING QUESTION. WWE ARE ALL THOUGHT OF ANSWERS FROM A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT ANGLE. WHAT CAME TO MIND FOR ME WAS CONCEPT OF UNCERTAINTY, IN SCIENCE WE DON'T SHOW GRAPHS WITHOUT ERROR BARS. WHAT IS THE LIKELIHOOD THAT THE NUMBERS WE ARE ACTUALLY SHOWING, WHAT IS THE RANGE OF POSSIBLE OUTCOMES, BUT THAT IS NOT A CONCEPT THAT'S VERY WELL UNDERSTOOD OUTSIDE OF THE SCIENCES. AND YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT POLICY FOR SCIENCE, THIS GOES BACK TO EDUCATION SYSTEMS WITHIN THE U.S. AND HOW MUCH STATISTICS TRAINING PERSON YOU ARE TALKING TO HAS AS WELL AS ROLE OF THE MEDIA, HOW MANY TIMES HAVE WE ALL SEEN HEADLINES, SCIENCE WAS WRONG BECAUSE THERE WAS AN ARTICLE THAT CAME OUT THAT SAID THIS IS THE BRAND NEW TREATMENT FOR THIS. THIS NEW iPHONE IS THE BEST. AND WERE THEY WRONG AT THE I'M? NO BUT WHAT HAPPENED IS WE ACQUIRED MORE DATA THAT MADE US CHANGE THE OUTCOME WE ARE SUGGESTING MOST LIKELY, THAT CAN BE VERY HARD FOR PEOPLE NOT IN SCIENCE TO UNDERSTAND AND SO IT REALLY COMES DOWN TO HOW IT IS PORTRAYED. PEOPLE TO SCIENTISTS DOCTORS BECAUSE THEY WANT AN ANSWER AND IN SCIENCE WE TEND NOT TO GIVE ANSWERS WE JUST ASK MORE QUESTIONS. AND I THINK UNDERSTANDING THAT SCIENCE IS AN EVOLUTION OF ANSWERS WILL HELP WITH THAT BUT THAT IS A GLOBAL ISSUE THAT DOESN'T HAVE ONE EASY ANSWER. >> JUST TO REACTS TO WHAT JENNIFER SAID FUNDAMENTALLY WHEN YOU BREAK IT ALL DOWN, IT COMES DOWN TO TWO THINGS. MANAGING THE POLITICAL PROCESS ON ONE SIDE, AND THE PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON THE OTHER SIDE. AS A SCIENTIST YOU ARE RIGHT IN BETWEEN. AND YOU ARE TRYING TO GET BOTH OF THESE ON YOUR SIDE. SO IT IS A CHALLENGE. IT IS MUCH BETTER NOW BECAUSE PEOPLE HAVE UNDERSTOOD THROUGH THIS PANDEMIC ABOUT HOW THIS PROCESS WORKS AND I THINK GOING FORWARD YOU WILL SEE SEVERAL TOOLS AND INTERVENTIONS THAT WILL GO TO FACILITATE THAT PROCESS. >> THANK YOU. SRI. WE ARE GOING TO TAKE A SHORT FIVE MINUTE BREAK I AM SO EXCITED TO INTRODUCE OUR KEYNOTE SPEAKER TODAY, DR. CORY BARGMANN, SHE IS THE REASON I DECIDED TO PURSUE SCIENCE SO ACTUALLY NEAR C,RI IS AN INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED NEUROBIOLOGIST AND GENETICIST AND LEADS THE ZUCKERBURG SCIENCE NETWORK. SHE IS THE HEAD OF THE LULU ANTHONY WAYNE LABORATORY AT NEURAL CIRCUITS BEHAVIOR AT THE ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY NEW YORK. DR. BARGMANN IS MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND THE AMERICAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. SHE RECEIVED THE 2012 PUBLIC PRIZE IN NEUROSCIENCE AND THE 2013 BREAK THROUGH PRIZE IN WEB SCIENCES. AMONG MANY OTHER SCIENTIFIC HONORS. SHE IS ALSO CO-CHAIR OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH COMMITTEE THAT SET GOALS AN STRATEGIES FOR PRESIDENT OBAMA'S BRAIN RESEARCH THROUGH ADVANCING INITIATIVE NEUROTECHNOLOGIES. ALSO KNOWN AS THE BRAIN INITIATIVE. DR. BARGMANN IS FORMER HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE INVESTIGATOR AND HOLDS A Ph.D. IN BIOLOGY FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. PLEASE JOIN ME WELCOMING DR. CORI BARGMANN WITH US TODAY. >> FIRST, MANY, MANY THANKS TO ALEX AND SAHBA FOR INVITING ME TO SPEAK TODAY. I'M NOT AN EXPERT ON POLICY ADVOCACY WHEN THEY INVITED ME THEY SAID THAT THEY ENCOURAGED ME TO THINK ABOUT H FROM MY PERSPECTIVE OF MY OWN CAREER AND WORK THAT I HAVE DONE AND GIVE PERSONAL EXAMPLES ARE WHERE I THINK ADVOCACY AND SCIENCE HAS BEEN HELPFUL, WHAT KINDS OF THINGS I THOUGHT HAD WORKED, AND SOME PRINCIPLES THAT MIGHT BE BROUGHT ON TO THE REST OF YOU. I'M ALREADY LEARNED FROM THE SYMPOSIUM. I AM LOOKING FORWARD TO LOOKING UP THE 10, 10, 10 PRINCIPLES AND IN GUIDING MY OWN STUDENTS. I HOPE THAT WE HAVE A GOOD TIME TODAY TALKING. THIS FIRST SLIDE IS ALEXANDRA AND SAHBA SAID TELL US ABOUT YOUR LIFE. THIS IS MY LIFE IN ONE SLIDE. I GREW UP IN ATHENS, GEORGIA, I HAVE THREE SISTERS, WE ARE ALL STILL VERY CLOSE. YOU CAN TRY TO GUESS WHICH IS ME IN THE PICTURE ON THE TOP LEFT. I ATTENDED THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA WHERE THAT'S THE ENTRANCE TO THE CAMPUS THERE IN THE MIDDLE. WHERE I MAJORED IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND FIRST FELL IN LOVE WITH SCIENCE AND WITH THE LAB. AND WHEN I WAS THERE THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA FOOTBALL TEAM WON THE NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP IN THE NCAA FOOTBALL WHICH IS LAST TIME THEY WON IT UNTIL THEY WON IT THIS YEAR. SO YOU CAN GO BACK TO FIGURE WHEN THAT WAS. I WENT FROM THERE TO MIT AT THE WHITE HEAD INSTITUTE WITH DR. ROBERT WINEBERG IN THE MIDDLE, BOB WAS MY Ph.D. ADVISOR, AND IT WAS THE LAB THAT WAS STUDYING MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF CANCER AND IT WAS A VERY EXCITING TIME WHICH MANY FIRST GENES WERE IDENTIFIED THAT HAD IMPORTANT ROLES IN THE GENESIS OF HUMAN CANCERS LIKE THE RAS GENES, THE NEUROBLASTOMA GENE, AND RETINAL BLASTOMA GENE AND FROM MY OWN WORK, THE WORK NEUROBLASTOMA GENE NEW ALSO KNOWN AS HER 2 WHICH IS IMPLICATED IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER. SO I STATE STAYED AT MIT AS POST DOC BUT MOVED ACROSS THE STREET WHERE MY POST DOC ADVISOR WAS DR. ROBERT CORBETTS AND I WAS ABLE TO THERE BEGIN A STUDY ON A TOPIC THAT HAD ALWAYS FASCINATING TO ME THE NATURE OF THE BIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN. AND THAT WAS THE BASIS OF MY POST-DOCTORAL WORK WITH BOB AND IT HAS BEEN THE WORK I CONTINUED SINCE IN 30 YEARS OF INDEPENDENT CAREER. FIRST SHOWN IN THE BOTTOM LEFT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO MEDICAL SCHOOL WHERE I HAD A LAB WHERE I LOOKED OUT AT SUNSET OVER THE PACIFIC FROM MY OFFICE WINDOW. AND THEN IN 2004 I MOVED TO ROCKEFELLAR UNIVERSITY IN NEW YORK WHERE I AM TALKING FROM YOU TODAY IN THIS BUILDING THAT LOOKS OUT OVER THE EAST RIVER SO I MAINTAINED MY WATER VIEW. I CAME HERE IN PART OF ROCKEFELLAR, A GREAT INSTITUTION AND IN PART TO BE WITH THIS GUY HERE, MY HUSBAND RICHARD AXEL, PROFESSOR OF NEUROSCIENCE AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY ALSO IN NEW YORK. SO I WAS TAUGHT MANY MY JOB NOT TO TALK ABOUT MY OWN LAB'S WORK BUT I HAVE TO PUT AT LEAST ONE SLIDE OF THAT BECAUSE THIS IS WHO I AM AND HOW I IDENTIFY. I'M A SCIENTIST, BASIC SCIENTIST. IT DOESN'T GET MORE BASIC THAN THE KIND OF WORK THAT I DO. I STUDIED THE WAY THE NERVOUS SYSTEMS WORKS, STARTING FROM LEVEL OF MOLECULES AND GOING UP TO ORGANISMS AND EVEN POPULATIONS, AND I DO THAT IN THE NEMATODE C ELEGANS AND THE REASON I WAS DRAWN TO THAT AS POST DOC AND STAYED IN IT IS THE FACT THAT YOU REALLY CAN MOVE BETWEEN LEVELS AND UNDERSTAND WHAT IS HAPPENING ANOTHER EACH STEP WHETHER THAT IS A PARTICULAR MOLECULE, THE NEURON IN WHICH IT FUNCTIONS THE CELL BIOLOGICAL PROCESS THAT IT AFFECTS HOW THAT INFORMATION PROPAGATES THROUGH CIRCUIT, HOW IT AFFECTS ANIMAL'S BEHAVIOR AND HOW IT CHANGES OVER EVOLUTIONARY TIME. I FIND IT SO MUCH EASIER PROBLEM THAN THE PROBLEM OF COURSE WE ARE ALL MOST EXCITED ABOUT IS NEUROSCIENCE. JUST BASIS OF THE HUMAN BRAIN. HERE ARE THE KINDS OF APPROACHES MOLECULAR GENETIC APPROACHES TO STUDY MOLECULE AND BIOLOGICAL CONTEXT, WE STUDIED THE FUNCTION OF SENSORY NEURONS AND ASSIGNED TO PARTICULAR BEHAVIORS AND PLASTICITY, HERE SHOWN IN THE MIDDLE IS SET OF TRACES LOOKING AT SYNAPTIC VESICAL RELEASE, WE LOOK AT FUNCTION OF INTEGRATING NEURONS ON THE RIGHT WHERE WE FOLLOWED THINGS THROUGH THE CIRCUITS TO UNDERSTAND HOW INFORMATION IS PROPAGATED. WE DO A LOT OF WORK IN HIGHLY QUANTITATIVE BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS, THE SLIDE ON THE BOTTOM LEFT IS BASICALLY A SLIDE SHOWING THE BEHAVIOR OF 100 WILD TYPE ANIMALS AND 50 MUTANT ANIMALS ACROSS THE ENTIRE LIFE SPAN SHOWING DIFFERENCES, IN THEIR OVERALL AND ACTIVITY LEVELS AND SUBTLE DETAILS OF THEIR ACTIVITY OVER TIME AND FINALLY WE DO WORK ON WHAT WE THINK OF AS CIRCUIT CRACKING UNDERSTANDING HOW THE DIFFERENT CONNECTIONS BETWEEN NEURONS WORK, AND HOW MODIFIED BY PARTICULARLY NEUROMODULATORS THE MAJOR FOCUS OF MY LAB'S WORK AT THE MOMENT. THE THING I LOVE ABOUT THE LAB IS THE QUESTIONS WE GET TO ASK, THE PROBLEMS WE TRY TO SOLVE, OUR ABILITY TO RELATE THOSE UPWARD TO MORE COMPLEX PROBLEMS AND DOWNWARD TO MOLECULAR LEVEL BUT ALSO THE THING I LOVE ABOUT THE LAB IS WORKING WITH SMART PEOPLE AND DEVELOPING NEW CREATIVE IDEAS AND HERE ARE A COUPLE OF DIFFERENT LAB PICTURES FROM 15 YEARS OR SO SHOWING LAB MEMBERS AND THEIR SUCCESS IS MY SUCCESS AND SOMETHING I TAKE GREAT HAPPINESS IN. SEW THAT IS MY OWN PERSONAL WORK. BUT I ALSO WANT THE TALK HOW I THINK ABOUT THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS AND ONE THING I THINK ABOUT A LOT IS HOW MUCH SHARED RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY DRIVE SCIENCE, THAT'S VERY MUCH TRUE IN THE C ELEGANS FIELD I WORK BUT ALSO IN MANY OTHER FIELDS OF SCIENCE. RESOURCES WIRING DIAGRAM OR GENOME PROJECT OR THINGS EVERYONE TURNS TO EVERY DAY, THE DIFFERENT METHODS LIKE LASER DEVELOPMENT, THAT LED TO MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL AND MULTI-PHOTON MICROSCOPY, MICROFLUIDICS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES GENETICALLY CODED INDICATORS INCLUSIONING CALCIUM AND VOLTAGE AND SYNAPTIC VESICAL RELEASE AND THE ABILITY TO REGULATE NEURAL ACTIVITY THROUGH OPTO GENETICS. WE ALSO SEE IMPORTANT IDEAS EMERGING INTO SCIENCE FROM COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FROM CHEMICAL BIOLOGY AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. THIS IS SOMETHING THAT I TAKE WITH ME INDEPENDENT OF MY OWN WORK. IT IS AN INTEREST OF MINE, I'M NOT MYSELF A TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER, I DON'T BUILD NEW MICROSCOPES BUT OFTEN A EARLY ADOPTER BECAUSE IT IS A GOOD SYSTEM FOR TRYING NEW THINGS BUT RELATIVELY LOW INVESTMENT SO I INTERACT WITH PEOPLE IN THAT COMMUNITY A LOT AND IT WAS MY ENTHUSIASM FOR THAT COMMUNITY AND A LITTLE BIT OF BEING ONE STEP AWAY FROM IT AND NOT HAVING SO MUCH AT PERSONAL ADVOCACY INTEREST HEARING ABOUT THE LAST SESSION. THAT I WAS ULTIMATELY ASKED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PLANNING OF THE BRAIN INITIATIVE UNDER PRESIDENT OBAMA. SO THIS WAS ANNOUNCED IN 2013 AND ITS GOAL WAS TO ADVANCE BRAIN RESEARCH BY ADVANCING INNOVATIVE NEUROTECHNOLOGY. SO VERY MUCH A TECHNOLOGY INTEREST WHICH IS SOMETHING I SHARE. A SPECIFIC IDEA WHAT WE NEEDED WAS TO GIVE SCIENTISTS THE TOOLS THEY NEED TO GET A DYNAMIC PICTURE OF THE BRAIN IN ACTION. THAT WAS THE CHARGE WE HAD WHEN WE STARTED THIS IN 2013. WITH AN INITIAL BUDGET IN THE FIRST YEAR OF $110 MILLION FOR NIH NSF AND DAR PA, THAT SEEMS LIKE A GENEROUS STARTING POINT, SEEMED LIKE A WONDERFUL PLACE TO GET GOING. WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE PUT IN A ROLE LIKE THIS? YOU AR WILL HAVE TO ASK SOMEONE ELSE WHY I WAS PUT MANY THAT ROLE, WHAT HAPPENED WAS THAT I WAS PUT TOGETHER AS A BASIC MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENTIST, VERY INTERESTED IN TOOL BUILDING WITH A VERY DIFFERENT KIND OF SCIENTIST, BILL KNEWSOME SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENTIST FROM STANFORD UNIVERSITY, A HARD CORE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY WHO WORKS ON HIGHER ORDER UNDERSTANDING OF VISUAL PROCESSES IN THE PRIMATE BRAIN. SO WE REPRESENTED THROUGH TWO AREAS OF NEUROSCIENCE, THAT WE SAW COULD BENEFIT FROM THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIE TECHNOLOGIE S. WE WANTED TO THINK ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGIES THAT WOULD LET YOU LOOK AT THE DYNAMIC PICTURE OF BRAIN FUNCTION OVER TIME AND SPACE. THAT WE THOUGHT THIS WAS INVOLVE CLASSICAL NEUROSCIENCE THE KINDS OF THINGS WE DID BUT INVOLVEMENT OF MANY OTHER SCIENTISTS FROM FIELDS AS DIFFERENT AS MATH AND PSYCHOLOGY. THE FIRST THING WE HAD TO DO WAS DECIDE WHO COULD HELP TO DO THIS. THIS IS ONE OF MY FIRST LESSONS NEVER TRY TO DO ANYTHING ALONE. THE WORK GET INVOLVED IN YOUR DECISION MAKING THE BETTER IT IS. THIS IS A LIST OF PEOPLE THAT WE INVITED TO AND AGREED TO JOIN US ON THE COMMITTEE FOR THE NIH BRAIN INITIATIVE. IT'S BEEN A YEAR AND A HALF DECIDING WHAT THE BRAIN INITIATIVE SHOULD LOOK LIKE AND HOW IT SHOULD BE ORGANIZED. WE ALSO INCLUDED NUMBERS OF THE NIH DARPA NSF AND FDA, TO COME TO MEETINGS AND BE PART OF OUR CONVERSATION SO WE CAN MAKE SURE WE ARE GETTING THE RIGHT INFORMATION. FROM A GOVERNMENT PERSPECTIVE AS WELL. SO WE WERE SCIENTISTS REPRESENTING SCIENCE, BUT ALSO -- AND WE HAVE KIND OF A CHARGE WHAT WE WANTED TO DO WAS TO MAKE THIS UNDERSTANDABLE BOTH TO OTHER SCIENTISTS SO SCIENTISTS GET BEHIND IT AND ALSO TO MAKE IT UNDERSTANDABLE TO THE GOVERNMENT SO THAT IT WOULD BE AN AREA THAT WOULD BE SUPPORTED. THE FIRST THING I WANT TO SAY ABOUT THIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ADVOCACY, AND POLICY IS THAT I HAVE NEVER HAD DIFFICULTY EXPLAINING TO A LAY AUDIENCE OF ANY KIND WHY YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BRAIN. MAYBE I'M IN A PARTICULARLY EASY AREA OF SCIENCE THAT WAY, I DON'T NECESSARILY TALK TO THEM ABOUT MY C ELEGANS RESEARCH RIGHT AWAY BUT YOU CAN TALK -- WE REALLY NEED TO UNDERSTAND THE BRAIN. IT IS A SOURCE OF OUR GREATEST STRENGTH, THE MAGIC OF BEING HUMAN, AND IT IS ALSO THE SOURCE OF SOME OF OUR GREATEST WEAKNESSES. THOSE INCLUDE THE NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS, THE THOUGHT AND MOOD DISORDERS, NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS AND VARIOUS EFFECTS OF INJURY AND INSULT THAT LEAD TO LONG-TERM DISABILITY. IF YOU GO THROUGH THIS LIST EVERY PERSON HAS AN EXAMPLE IN THEIR OWN FAMILY OF ONE OF THESE TRAGIC DISORDERS, AND THE IDEA THAT UNDERSTANDING HOW THE BRAIN NORMALLY FUNCTIONS PROVIDE TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND HOW TO TREAT THESE. IT IS EASY TO GET ACROSS AND ENGAGES PEOPLE IN AN IMMEDIATE FASHION. ALLOWS THEM TO COME WITH YOU FOR THE NEXT STAGE OF THE PROCESS. WHAT DID WE WANT TO DO? TO FOCUS ON CIRCUITING -- CIRCUITS AND NETWORKS BECAUSE THIS WAS A FIELD WHERE THERE HAD BEEN MANY, MANY YEARS OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BRAIN BIOLOGY AN BRAIN IMAGING AND IT WAS TIME TO DO THIS. IN SCIENCE THERE ARE TIMES TO SOLVE CERTAIN KINDS OF PROBLEMS. THIS WAS THE TIME TO TRY TO THINK OF GOING NOT ONE AT A TIME OR NOT ONE VOXEL AT A TIME IN A WHOLE BRAIN, BUT TO THINK ABOUT HOW THOUSANDS OR EVEN MILLIONS OF INTERCONNECTED NEURONS ARE FUNCTIONING TOGETHER. SO WITH THAT AS A STARTING POINT, WE HAD TO BUILD A CONSENSUS ABOUT WHAT THAT WOULD LOOK LIKE AND HOW WE GO ABOUT DOING THAT. AGAIN I WOULD SAY THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THIS PROCESS THAT -- I CAN ONLY TALK ONE PROCESS, I CAN'T SAY THIS ALWAYS WORKS, I CAN'T TELL YOU THIS IS WHAT THE IMPORTANT THING WAS HERE BUT WHAT FELT LIKE THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THIS PROCESS WAS BUILDING CONSENSUS, WAS FIRST GETTING INTO CONTACT WITH MANY OTHER NEUROSCIENTISTS TO HAVE NUMBER OF WORKSHOPS ACROSS THE U.S. WITH EXPERT PARTICIPANTS IN THIS AREA, WE INCLUDED PUBLIC COMMENTARY ON THE WORK WE WERE DOING. AND WE BEGAN BY PRESENTING FROM THIS WORK INTERIM REPORT OF WHAT WE THOUGHT RESEARCH PRIORITIES WOULD BE. SO BRING IN THE EXPERTS COME UP WITH AN IDEA AND THEN YOU NEED CONVERSATIONS PRESENTATIONS, AND FEEDBACK. BRING IN MORE PEOPLE. GET MORE BUY IN FOR MORE PEOPLE. SO FOR EXAMPLE THIS THE SOCIETY OF NEUROSCIENCE, YOU WILL HEAR FROM LATER, ASKED US TO SPEAK TO LEADERSHIP AND GENERAL MEMBERSHIP ABOUT THE WORK THAT WE WERE DOING SO WE CAN GET THEIR INPUT. PERHAPS MOST REWARDING PART OF THIS FOR ME WAS INTERACTING WITH THE PRESIDENTS AND MEMBERSHIP OF MAJOR CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES, AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. THIS WAS SOMETHING THAT THEY HAD BEENN'T BEEN ON THE ORIGINAL HALF OF WHAT THE BRAIN INITIATIVE WAS ABOUT IT IS THE BASIC SCIENCE INITIATIVE, THEY WERE BOUGHT INTO THE IDEA CIRCUITS IS WHAT WE NEEDED TO STUDY MAKE PROGRESS AGAINST DISEASES, THEY INCLUDED AT THEIR MEETINGS. HAD US WRITE ARTICLES FOR JOURNALS AND HAD A SENSE NEUROSCIENCE IS ONE DISCIPLINE RANGING FROM MOST DETAILED STUDIES OF ONE ION CHANNEL TO STUDIES THAT INVOLVE HUMAN BEGINS AND THEIR BIOLOGY AN MEDICINE. WE TALK TO NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE MEMBERS, AMERICAN ACADEMY FOR ASSOCIATION OF SCIENCE AND AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CELL BIOLOGY. AND TO MANY PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERS. THROUGH ALL THIS WE WERE FINDER OF THINKING, WE TOOK IN THE IDEAS THAT CAME FROM OTHERS AND THAT ENABLED US TO COME UP WITH A SCIENTIFIC VISION AT THE END OF THIS PROCESS AFTER ABOUT A YEAR. I SHOULD SAY THAT IT WAS A LOT OF WORK, PROBABLY HALF TIME FOR ME DURING THAT YEAR BUT IT WAS VERY REWARDING AND IT FELT LIKE A WORTHWHILE THING TO DO. THAT IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU START TO WORK ON SOMETHING LARGER THAN YOURSELF YOU THINK THIS COULD HAVE MORE IMPACT THAN MY OWN LAB RESEARCH. THAT IS HARD TO SAY FROM YOUR EGO POINT OF VIEW YOU WANT YOUR WORK TO BE THE MOST IMPORTANT IN THE WORLD BUT AT THE SAME TIME PART OF WHAT WE DO IN SCIENCE IS THAT WE HELP TO BUILD SCIENCE. AND THAT WE TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE HEALTH OF OUR FIELD. IT IS A PRIVILEGE TO BE ASKED TO BE PART OF THAT PROCESS AND THEREFORE SOMETHING THAT MIGHT MAKE SCIENCE BETTER. SO IDENTIFY SET OF RESEARCH AREAS FOR EXAMPLE MOW WHAT THE CENSUS OF CELLS WAS THE PARTS LIST OF THE BRAIN, WE WANT TO MAKE MAPS OF CONNECTIVITY, WE IMPORTANT LARGE SCALE MONITORING OF NEURAL ACTIVITY STARTING TO BECOME POSSIBLE THEN BECAUSE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENETICALLY ENCODED CALCIUM UNDERSTOOD KAY TORRS. DEMONSTRATING CAUSALITY GOING FROM CAUSE TO EFFECT JUST BECOMING POSSIBLE DUE TO SUCCESS OF OPTO GENETICS METHODS FOR MANIPULATING THE BRAIN. WE PUT A BIG BODE IN FOR SOMETHING VERY EARLY IN NEUROSCIENCE AT THE TIME. WHICH WAS USING THEORY AND DATA ANALYSIS AS WAY OF EXAMINING THE LARGE DATA SETS THAT RESULTED. AND THAT IS SOMETHING THAT IS NOW BEING SEEN ACROSS ALL BIOLOGY, ALL SCIENCE AND MEDICINE, THE IMPORTANCE OF LARGE DATA SETS AND ACCURATE ANALYSIS OF THAT. WE WANT TO ADVANCE HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE AND ALL THOSE GOALS AN IN THE CLINIC AND FINALLY WE WANT TO INTEGRATE THAT INTO AN IDEA OF NEUROSCIENCE. THESE ARE THE RESEARCH AREAS CARRIED OUT BY BRAIN INITIATIVE NOW. BUT I ALSO WANT TO POINT OUT ONE OF THE THINGS THAT EMERGE FROM TALKING TO MANY DIFFERENT PEOPLE IS THAT YOU NEED TO HAVE PRINCIPLES ABOUT HOW TO ACCOMPLISH THE GOALS, GO FROM THE SCIENTIST VIEWPOINT THIS IS THE SPECIFIC THING I WANT TO DO, WHY AND HOW WHAT YOU DO IT AND THAT WAS AN IMPORTANT THING AROUND BUILDING CONSENSUS. SOMETIMES IT FEELS LIKE STATING STATING THE OBVIOUS LIKE YOU HAVE TO STUDY HUMANS AND NOT HUMAN ANIMALS YOU HAVE TO BE INTERDISCIPLINARY. AND IT IS THE THE CONVERSATION IS QUITE INTERESTING SO FOR EXAMPLE FROM MY PERSPECTIVE, I WAS REALLY INTERESTED IN SHARING DATA AND TOOLS. AND THAT REALLY REFLECTS THE FIELD THAT I'M IN AND HOW I SAW GENOMICS ADVANCE FROM SHARED DATA AND INFRASTRUCTURE. BILL KNEWSOME'S PERSPECTIVE IS A VERY THOUGHT MUCH GREAT DEAL ABOUT NEUROSCIENCE AND SOCIETY AND HE REALLY WANTED TO MAKE SURE THAT THE ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH WERE THE HEART OF THE BRAIN INITIATIVE FROM THE BEGINNING. AND THAT FINALLY OUR NIH COLLEAGUES SAID YOU HAVE TO BE ACCOUNTABLE TO US, TO THE TAX PAYERS AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND BUILDING THAT INTO THE SYSTEM SOMETHING YOU HAVE TO DO FROM THE BEGINNING WOULDN'T HAVE OCCURRED WHEN I STARTED THIS WORK, WOULDN'T HAVE OCCURRED AS GRADUATE STUDENT OR FOR THAT MATTER AS FULL PROFESSOR. IF I HADN'T HAD THIS INTERACTION WITH THE BROADER COMMUNITY AROUND SCIENCE. SO RELATIONSHIPS BROADENING YOUR NETTED WORKS, GETTING LOTS OF INPUT, IS KEY TO THIS. I THINK THE BRAIN INITIATIVE WAS A GOOD IDEA BEFORE IT WAS GIVEN TO US TO HELP PLAN AND I THINK MANY OTHER PEOPLE AGREE IT IS A GOOD IDEA, IN THIS YEAR'S BUDGET APPROPRIATE RATION, $620 MILLION TO THE BRAIN INITIATIVE, THERE'S A SECOND PHASE OF PLANNING. FOR ITS NEXT PERIOD GOING PAST FOR THE REST OF THE DECADE. I THINK THESE ARE THINGS THAT ARE -- THAT COULDN'T HAVE HAPPENED WITHOUT MANY DIFFERENT PEOPLE BEING INVOLVED. SO BEING THE LEADER, IN THIS CONTEXT IS NOT ABOUT MY IDEAS BEING THE IMPORTANT ONES. GETTING THE BEST IDEAS FROM AS MANY PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE AND PUTTING THEM TOGETHER. SO THAT IS A FIRST ROUND OF LEADERSHIP AND ADVOCACY. I SHOULD TELL YOU GUYS I HAVE NEVER GIVEN THIS TALK BEFORE. THIS IS A FIRST FOR ME, I SPENT QUITE A BIT OF TIME AND I WANT TO THANK YOU FOR GETTING ME TO DO THIS, MAYBE PARTS OF IT ROUGH AROUND THE EDGES, THAT ARE INFORMAL. BUT ALEX AND SAHBA INSPIRED ME TO THINK TO TAKE A STEP BACK FROM THE WORK AND THINK ABOUT HOW IT FITS INTO A LARGER FRAMEWORK. SO THANK YOU FOR THAT. SO THAT FINISH, THAT FELT GOOD, BACK TO THE LAB, IT WAS A GOOD TIME AND ABOUT A YEAR LATER I GOT A PHONE CALL THAT ASKED WHETHER IT WOULD BE INTERESTED IN TALKING TO SOME PEOPLE WHO ARE WANTING TO SET UP A NEW SCIENCE PHILANTHROPY. THAT WAS THESE PEOPLE HERE, MARK ZUCKERBERG, FOUNDER AND CEO OF FACEBOOK NOW META AND HIS WIFE PRISCILLA CHAN, PEDIATRICIAN AND EDUCATOR, THE TWO TOGETHER DECIDED FIRST THEY SIGNED WHAT IS CALLED THE GIVING PLEDGE, GIVING AWAY HALF THEIR WEALTH IN THEIR OWN LIFETIMES TO PHILANTHROPIC CAUSES, AND SECOND THEY DECIDED THAT THEY WANTED A BIG PART OF THAT TO BE AN INVESTMENT IN BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE. SO WHAT PRISCILLA SAYS IS SHE'S A PEDIATRICIAN, SHE TAKES CARE OF CHILDREN, ONE OF THE HARDEST THINGS IS TO SEE CHILDREN WHOM THERE IS NO HOPE. SHE SAID TO HER SCIENCE REPRESENTS THAT HOPE. IT IS THE IDEA OF BEING ABLE TO DO THINGS GOING FORWARD. NOT NECESSARILY THIS YEAR, NOT NECESSARILY NEXT YEAR, OR PRISCILLA SAID WE WANT TO HAVE IMPACT THAT WOULD BE MEASURED BY THE END OF THE CENTURY. I THINK THAT LONG TERM VIEW IS REALLY IMPORTANT IN SCIENCE, IT WAS SOMETHING THAT I COULD AGREE WITH, WHEN WORKING WITH THE PHILANTHROPY OR WITH OTHERS WHO WANT TO WORK IN SCIENCE LIKE THESE, IT IS IMPORTANT TO FEEL A SENSE OF ALIGNMENT AND A COMMON GOAL TOWARD THE MISSION. FOR EXAMPLE, MARK IS VERY MUCH A TECHNOLOGIST SO WE ALIGN QUICKLY AROUND IDEA THAT REALLY GOOD WAY TO ADVANCE SCIENCE WAS TO DEVELOP NEW TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES. I'M ALSO AS I MENTIONED A SUPPORTER OF OPEN SCIENCE AND COLLABORATIVE SCIENCE, I FOUND IT VERY IMPORTANT IN MY OWN CAREER AND I JUST FEEL THIS SHOULD BE BROUGHT AS BROADLY AS POSSIBLE. MARK AND PRISCILLA WANT TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO CURE PREVENT OR MANAGE ALL DISEASE BY END OF THE CENTURY, THAT CERTAINLY IS A VERY AMBITIOUS STATEMENT. AND I DON'T THINK IT IS OUTOF QUESTION BUT WILL REQUIRE MORE SCIENCE AND REQUIRE US TO DO BETTER SCIENCE THAN WE CAN DO NOW AND I JUST WANT TO SAY MANAGE LEADS A LOT OF OPTIONS OPEN. SO WE LAUNCHED THIS TOGETHER, I'M THE FOUNDING HEAD OF SCIENCE AT THE ZUCKERBURG INITIATIVE, SO TRYING TO THINK HOW WE GO ABOUT DOING THIS. WHAT DO WE THINK ABOUT THAT COULD HAVE BROAD EFFECTS ACROSS SCIENCE, WHAT ARE THE SORTS OF TOOLS, WHAT ARE THE MODELS OF RESEARCH THAT WOULD REALLY MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF ACCELERATING SCIENCE. BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT WE VIEW AS OUR FIRST GOAL. JUST MAKE SCIENCE WORK FASTER. AND AGAIN THIS IS NOT GOING TO SOUND LIKE A SURPRISE AFTER BRAIN INITIATIVE, I FELT WHAT WE LEARNED FROM THE BRAIN INITIATIVE IS THAT BY WORKING WITH A LOT OF SMART PEOPLE YOU GET A LOT OF SMART IDEAS. OUR FIRST IDEA ABOUT WHAT WE WANTED TO DO WAS TO JUST FINE OUT WHAT IS SLOWING SCIENCE DOWN SO WE CAN ACCELERATE AND WE DID THAT BY ASKING SCIENTISTS. WE ORGANIZED IMMEDIATELY A SET OF WORKSHOPS AND INVITING PEOPLE AT MA CAREER STAGES MANY TOPICS, WE HAD HACK A ON THISES MEETINGS, OTHER PEOPLE'S MEETINGS AND WE JUST ASKED THEM QUESTIONS, WE ASKED WHAT IS SLOWING YOU DOWN, WHAT ARE THE BOTTLENECKS IN YOUR WORK, WHAT COULD HAPPEN THAT WOULD HAVE A SYSTEMATIC EFFECT ACROSS YOUR WORK AND MANY OTHER PEOPLE'S WORK. WHAT CAN WE DO TO MAKE A DIFFERENTIATED IMPACT. MARK AND PRIA LITTLE IS A STARTED PHILANTHROPY GIVING $3 BILLION TO SCIENCE OVER TEN YEARS, THAT'S TREMENDOUSLY GENEROUS. AND IT IS 1 PERCENT OF THE NIH BUDGET. LESS THAN 1% OF THE NIH BUDGET SO YOU CAN'T JUST THROW A PENNY AT EVERYTHING. YOU HAVE TO PICK A FEW THINGS AND DECIDE IF YOU WANT TO BE GOOD AT THEM. FURTHERMORE, SO IN ADDITION TO THIS KIND OF ONLINE TOPIC SPECIFIC GUIDANCE WE HAD A FANTASTIC SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD, HERE ARE FORMER AND CURRENT MEMBERS FROM A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT FIELDS AND A VARIETY OF GUESTS AND LOCAL ADVISORY BOARDS WHO HAVE BEEN HELP US FIGURE OUT WHAT THE RIGHT QUESTIONS ARE TO ASK AND WHAT THE RIGHT PROBLEMS ARE TO SOLVE. HERE IS WHAT WE ARE DOING WHAT WE THINK OF AS FIVE YEARS OF EXPERIMENTS. IN ACCELERATING SCIENCE. SO WE ARE ABOUT FIVE YEARS IN NOW AND WE HAVE SET OF PROGRAMS ONE IN A RESEARCH INSTITUTION, THE ZUCKERBURG BIOHUB AND I WANT TO MENTION THE WORK THAT THAT GROUP IS DOING IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE, ONE OF MICROSCOPY AND IMAGING ONE ON A SPECIFIC BIOMEDICAL PROBLEM, NEURODEGENERATION WHICH I CARE VERY DEEPLY ABOUT. ONE IN OPEN SCIENCE, AGAIN A CORE VALUE, ONE IN SCIENCE AND SOCIETY AND THAT RELATES MORE TO THESE IDEAS ABOUT ADVOCACY AND COMMUNICATION THAT Y'ALL TALKED ABOUT AND THAT'S GOING TO BE THE END OF MY TALK TODAY ON SOME INSIGHTS WE HAVE GOTTEN FROM THINKING ABOUT THAT. FINALLY SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY. REALLY ADVANCING A TECHNOLOGY FOR STUDYING THE WHOLE HUMAN BODY. BRIEF DISCUSSION. SO THE ZUCKERBERG BIOHUB IS A RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA. IT IS CO-FOUNDING PRESIDENTS WERE STEVE QUAKE AND JOE DERISI FROM STANFORD AND UCSF PERSPECTIVELY AND MORE WORK IN CELL AND BIOLOGY DISEASE. THE BIOHUB IS A FREE STANDING INSTITUTE THAT DOES COLLABORATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH, THAT BUILDS OUT SCIENCE PLATFORMS AND ENABLE PEOPLE TO DO SCIENCE AT SCALE. SO WE KNOW THAT FOR EXAMPLE FOR GENOMICS AND SEQUENCING THE PLATFORMS ARE USEFUL, BUT INCREASINGLY THOSE HIGH THROUGH PUT APPROACH CAN BE USED FOR MANY DIFFERENT PURPOSES. THEIR COMMON IN INDUSTRY AND BIOTECH AND PHARMA, THEY HAVEN'T BEEN SO COMMON IN ACADEMIA SO MAKING THEM AVAILABLE TO ACADEMIC WAS ONE OF THE ADVANCES HERE. ANOTHER ADVANCE IS THAT IT IS REALLY CONNECTED TO THE INSTITUTIONS. ALWAYS STAY CONNECTED ALWAYS COLLABORATE. IN THIS CASE PHYSICIAN SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS FROM THE THREE SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN PARTNERS WITH BIOHUB AND FUNDED BY THE BIOHUB. SO THIS IS GETTING GOING, IT HAS A GREAT SPIRIT WAS FUN TO BE THERE. AND IN 2020 THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HIT. SO WHAT DO YOU DO? THERE IS AN IMMEDIATE PERIOD OF REALIZING THAT THE EXISTING SYSTEMS AS POWERFUL AS THEY ARE FOR TESTING FOR COMMUNITY WORK, PUBLIC HEALTH WERE JUST NOT FAST AND FLEXIBLE ENOUGH TO RESPOND TO EMERGENCY IN WHICH WE FOUND OURSELVES. BUT THE BIOHUB HAD SOME EXPERIENCE IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE, THEY HAD A LOT OF EXPERIENCE IN HIGH THROUGH PUT PLATFORMS AND METHODS LIKE PCR AND SEQUENCING. THEY HAD POTENTIAL TO STEP INTO A TESTING GAP THAT EXISTED. SO IN MARCH OF 2020 THE UCSF HOSPITAL SYSTEM CAPABLE OF DOING 16 COVID TEST AS DAY, ONE SIX FOR A CITY AND GREATER METROPOLITAN AREA OF SEVERAL MILLION. THIS IS AN ISSUE. THE BIOHUB SO ALSO QUICKLY IT BECAME CLEAR ALSO GOING TO BE A GROUP OF PEOPLE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA WHERE DIFFERENTIALLY AFFECTED BY THIS PANDEMIC. AND THOSE WERE THE LATINX COMMUNITY, THE COMMUTE EXTENSIVELY AROUND THE BAY AREA PARTICULARLY TRANSPORTATION AND VERY EARLY ON BECAME CLEAR HE HAS HIGHER INFECTION RATE THAN OTHER POPULATIONS IN THE BAY AREA. HOW WE MAKE IMPACT AT A TIME LIKE THIS? THE IMPACT WAS 100% ABOUT PARTNERSHIPS THE IMPACT WAS 100% ABOUT RELATIONSHIPS. THE BIOHUB KNOWS HOW TO DO P, C,R REACTION, THAT IS WELL AND GOOD. WHO IS FCR REACTION, WHO IS IN CHARGE, WHO IS CERTIFY THAT IS OKAY? THE BIOHUB IS LINKED TO UCSF, MAJOR MEDICAL CENTER UCSF KNOWS THE CRITERIA FOR TESTING LAB, SO THEY WORKED WITH BIOHUB TO BRING THEIR LABS UP TO SNUFF, THE CLINICAL PRACTICE LEVEL IN TEN DAYS. SO THE BIOHUB CAN START DOING THOUSANDS OF TEST AS DAY. WHO ARE YOU GOING TO REACH OUT TO, HOW ARE YOU GOING TO -- WHY ARE PEOPLE GOING TO TRUST YOU IN THIS WORK? AND AT UCSF THERE IS A REALLY WONDERFUL PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST NAMED DIANE WHO WORKS ON AIDS HIV, BECAUSE THAT COMMUNITY IS MOST AFFECTED HAS A LONG STANDING COMMUNITY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE LATINX COMMUNITY IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BASAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA. SH E PARTNERS CLOSELY WITH THE LATINO TASK FORCE GETTING HELP TO LATINX MEMBERS WHO ARE AFFECTED BY AIDS HIV AND LIVING WITH HIV. SO SHE WAS ABLE TO FORM A BRIDGE WITH THE LATINO TASK FORCE TO COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE WHO TRUSTED HER WHO HAD RELATIONSHIPS WITH HER AND SAY HEY YOUR COMMUNITY WE NEED TO REACH OUT TO THEM, MAKE SURE THAT THEY CAN GET TESTED, WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THEY HAVE RESOURCES SO THEY TEST POSITIVE THEY CAN PULL AWAY FROM EXTEND FAMILIES UNTIL THEY GET -- EXTENDED FAMILIES UNTIL THEY GET BETTER. IT WAS THIS COMBINATION OF PEOPLE. I'LL MENTION THIS IN A MINUTE YOU NEED SOFTWARE AND DATA HANDLING AND SAFE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE TO DO THAT AND I WILL TELL YOU ABOUT CCIs WORK ON THIS IN A MINUTE BUT THAT WAS PART OF THIS AS WELL. SO GETTING THIS GOING, WHICH ULTIMATELY WAS TESTING STATION WAS SET UP IN ONE OF THE MAJOR RAPID TRANSIT STATIONS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA. WHERE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE CAME THROUGH EVERY DAY, PARTICULARLY FROM THAT COMMUNITY. AND IT JUST REQUIRES THIS WHOLE COMMUNITY FACING ORGANIZATION, THE TRUSTED MEDICAL RESEARCHER, THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, THE BIOHUB, AND THE TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE TO MAKE IT COME TOGETHER. SO IF YOU WANT TO MOVE FAST YOU NEED RELATIONSHIPS AND IF THERE IS ONE THING I FEEL I LEARNED, IT IS BUILD YOUR RELATIONSHIPS KEEP BUILDING YOUR RELATIONSHIPS THROUGHOUT YOUR CAREER. AND THAT WILL ENABLE MORE WORK TO HAPPEN. FASTER. SO THIS ENDED UP BEING A REALLY EXCITING DEMONSTRATION OF SOMETHING THAT WOE THOUGHT THAT YOU CAN ACCELERATE SCIENCE BY CREATING NEW KINDS OF SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH THAT THE FLEXIBLE AND PROFESSIONAL PLATFORMS FOR SCIENCE AT SCALE WERE -- IT WAS POSSIBLE TO RAPIDLY DEPLOY TO A COMMUNITY. IT WAS BASED ON RELATIONSHIPS AND HELPED THE BIOHUB BUILD NEW RELATIONSHIPS FOR EXAMPLE WITH STATE OF CALIFORNIA THAT WAS EXTENDED OUT PUBLIC HEALTH WORK THROUGHOUT THE STATE OR SUBSEQUENT TRACKING. ALL OF THAT SERVED AS PROOF OF PRINCIPLE, SOMETHING WE THOUGHT WE COULD DO WITHIN THIS PHILANTHROPY, WORKING WITH PHILANTHROPISTS WHAT THEY LIKE IS BUSINESS PEOPLE AND LIKE TO SEE SUCCESS, THIS WAS VERY EXCITING. TO THE FOUNDERS AT CCI IN FACT LAST FALL THEY ANNOUNCED THEY ARE GOING TO DOUBLE INITIAL $3 BILLION INVESTMENT TO SCIENCE TO A $6 BILLION INVESTMENT OVER TEN YEARS. THAT SUCCESS MADE THEM FEEL ON THE RIGHT TRACK. ONE PART IS THEY ANNOUNCED FORMING A BIOHUB NETWORK THEY WANT MAYBE THREE OR FOUR MORE BIOHUBS ACROSS THE US. EACH SERVING AS A NUCLEATING SITE FOR SCIENCE WITHIN A GEOGRAPHICAL AREA TO MOVE SCIENCE FORWARD. SO THE RIGHT KIND OF GOALS THE ALIGNMENT OF GOALS, DEMONSTRATION OF SUCCESS, IN THIS CASE IS REALLY -- HAS BEEN TERRIFIC. THIS IS ONE THING I WANT TO POINT OUT NOW THAT WE THINK THAT THIS PHILANTHROPY CAN HAVE A DIFFERENTIATED IMPACT AND IT'S TAKE A LITTLE WHILE TO BE CLEAR WHAT THAT IS. SO THE FIRST IS WE START AS A SCIENCE FUNDING ORGANIZATION, I WILL TELL YOU MORE ABOUT THAT. WE FUND SCIENTISTS WORLDWIDE. WE HAVE DEVELOPED A SPECIAL INTEREST FROM THE OUTSET AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENTIST PEOPLE IN MACHINE LEARNING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND APPLYING THAT TO BIOMEDICAL PROBLEMS. WE HAVE A STRONG INTEREST IN EARLY CAREER WITH RESEARCHERS THAT INTERACT WITH PEOPLE AT THAT STAGE OF THEIR CAREER, WHICH POINT YOU HAVE MAXIMUM IMPACT. WE BELIEVE IN TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICAL EXPERTS AND OFTEN THESE ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT FUNDED IN MORE TRADITIONAL PROJECT BASED GRANTS. BUT WE DO ANOTHER THING AS WELLMENT WE HAVE WITHIN THE CCI PROGRAM A HUNDRED SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY STAFF IN HOUSE PROFESSIONAL OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS, SOFTWARE ENGINEERS, PRODUCT MANAGER, USER EXPERIENCE RESEARCHERS, THEY ARE WHICH WOULDING SOFTWARE FOR SCIENTISTS USING THE KINDS OF CRITERIA PEOPLE USE IN THE COMMERCIAL SECTOR FOR THINGS THAT ARE NOT COMMERCIALLY VIABLE BUT WE BELIEVE IMPORTANT AND IMPACTFUL. THE THREE MAJOR PROJECTS ARE SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY IN GENE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE. THAT SOFTWARE WAS A HEART OF SOME OF THE THINGS THE BIOHUB WAS DOING IN PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. WE COLLABORATE WE ARE WILLING TO COLLABORATE WITH EVERYONE YOU CAN SEE IN THAT PROJECT WE ARE INTERACTING WITH DIFFERENT SCHOOLS WITH THE COMMUNITIES, WITH THE STATE, WITH THE CITY, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND WE ENGAGE, WE BELIEVE THAT SCIENCE IS NOT SOMETHING THAT EXISTS ALL ON ITS OWN BUT HAS TO BE TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE COMMUNITY IN SCIENCE. WE TAKE THOSE KINDS OF EACH PROJECT WE START WE TAKE THOSE IDEAS TO THINK ABOUT FURTHER. SO HERE IS ANOTHER BIG TOOL DEVELOPMENT GOING ON PROJECT GOING ON CCI, IT IS THE SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY PROGRAM. WE THINK OF THIS AS THE PERIODIC TABLE OF CELLS. WE WANT TO KNOW WHAT ALL THE DIFFERENT CELL TYPES ARE IN THE HUMAN BODY. WE WANT TO UNDERSTAND THEIR FUNCTION AND HELPING DISEASE BECAUSE THEY ARE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE. THIS IS A TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM AND DATA PROGRAM AND A PLATFORM PROGRAM MAKING A RESOURCE TO ACCELERATE SCIENCE, TAKING THIS CROSS CUTTING IDEA BECAUSE EVERY DISEASE HAS A CELLULAR BASIS SO IF YOU KNOW WHAT THE DIFFERENT CELL TYPES ARE, YOU CAN REACH THAT CELL -- REACH AN UNDERSTANDING MORE QUICKLY THAN IF YOU HAVE TO STUDY THEM INDIVIDUALLY. SO AGAIN, WE ARE ACCELERATING METHODS TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS, WE ARE SUPPORTING THE INTERNATIONAL GRASSROOTS SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY THAT'S WORKING ON THIS WHICH IS CALLED THE HUMAN CELL ATLAS, WE SUPPORT THEM THROUGH GRANT FUNDING, AND WE ARE WRITING SOFTWARE AND DATA PLATFORMS TO ALLOW PEOPLE TO SHARE IN THIS DATA, OUR DATA PLATFORM INCLUDES 26 MILLION CELLS, HUMAN CELLS, BUT THE IMPORTANT THING IS THAT THAT'S NOT JUST WORK CCI FUNDED, IT IS A GOOD PLATFORM AND SOME OF THE NIH BRAIN INITIATIVE RESEARCHERS HAVE PUT THEIR DATA THERE. THE HUMAN LUNG CELL ATLAS ANNOUNCED A BIG RELEASE LAST WEEK AND HAIR DATA IS ALSO ON CELL BY GENE SO THE IDEA IS THIS COULD SERVE AS A COMMON PLACE LIKE GEN BANK TO LOOK THEIR CELL OR GENE UP AND FIGURE OUT WHAT CELL IT IS IN AND BE A RESOURCE FOR ANY SCIENTIST TO LEARN MORE. AS WE STARTED TO DO THIS WORK, AS COVID HIT WE REALIZED WE HAVE BEEN MAKING SOME MISTAKES. SO WE WERE JUST SORT OF TAKING WHOEVER CAME IN WORKING ON WHATEVER CELL TYPES PEOPLE THOUGHT WERE INTERESTING, WE WERE NOT WORKING ON PEOPLE THINKING ABOUT DIFFERENT ANCESTRIES PEOPLE HAVE, THIS WAS A STATEMENT MADE IN HUMAN GENOME PROJECT AND WE ARE REPEATK IT. WE WERE NOT THINKING ABOUT THE FACT THAT DISEASES MANIFEST DIFFERENTLY AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF LIFE SO WE WEREN'T LOOKING AT CHILDREN EITHER. SO THAT LED US TO TAKE A STEP BACK AND THINK MORE BROADLY ABOUT THE IMPACT OF SCIENCE AND HOW TO MAKE ANY SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM BETTER. AGAIN THIS IS REACHING OUT TO COMMUNITIES THINKING ABOUT IT, AND AGAIN BEING SHAKEN AS MANY WERE TWO YEARS AGO BY THE KINDS OF REAWAKENING OF OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW MUCH INEQUITY THERE IS IN THIS COUNTRY AND WORLDWIDE. HAS MADE US THINK ABOUT HOW TO ADVANCE DIVERSITY EQUITY AND INCLUSION, NOT JUST IN A GENERAL WAY BUT SPECIFICALLY IN SCIENCE. SO TO ASK QUESTIONS LIKE WHO DOES THE SCIENCE, WHO ARE THE SCIENTISTS THEY SPORE, WHAT SCIENCE IS DONE, THAT CEASE WHAT THE SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY PROGRAM WAS TELLING US, YOU WEREN'T DOING RIGHT SCIENCE IF 80% THE PEOPLE THE SAMPLES YOU HAVE ARE PEOPLE OF EUROPEAN ORIGINS. WHO IS AT THE TABLE, WHO HAS A VOICE IN WHAT COMES OUT OF THIS? AND HOW IT IS ORGANIZED, AND WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO DO. AND WHO HAS ACCESS TO WHAT RESULTS, IS THIS JUST FOR ACADEMIC. IT IS BEHIND SOME MANAGED ACCESS, DOES IT BELONG TO PERSON WHO GENERATED IT OR DOES IT BELONG TO PEOPLE MORE GENERALLY. THAT HAS BEEN WORKING THROUGH THAT WHILE WE THOUGHT ABOUT EXPANDING THE SINGLE CELL PROGRAM BOTH PEDIATRICS AND DIVERSE ANCESTRIES HAS BEEN REWARDING. SO THE FIRST THING TO SAY IS THAT AFTER WE STARTED INCLUDING PEDIATRICS AND DIFFERENT ANCESTRIES IN THE SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY PROGRAM, WE STARTED ENGAGING A MUCH BROADER SET OF SCIENTISTS AROUND THE WORLD. SO WE NOW HAVE SCIENTISTS ON ALL THE INHABITED CONTINENTS, WHO ARE PARTICIPATING DIRECTLY IN THE HUMAN CELL ATLAS WORK IN SINGLE CELL BIOLOGY IN UNDERSTANDING THINGS LIKE IMMUNE CELLS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION AND DIFFERENT POPULATIONS OR TO DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS. WE NEEDED TO THINK ABOUT THIS CAREFULLY, THAT HAS TO DO -- THIS IS MORE WHAT SCIENCE HAS DONE, WE THOUGHT ABOUT WHO DOES THE SCIENCE, SO IN ALL THESE PROJECTS THERE ARE PEOPLE IN COUNTRY DIRECT PARTICIPANTS, THIS IS NOT HEAP COMETTER SCIENCE WHERE SOMEBODY SENDS SAMPLES TO A LAB. IF YOU ARE DOING STUDIES IN PEDIATRICS OR DOING STUDIES IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT ANCESTRIES, IT IS IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE THAT THESE -- IN SOME CASES YOU ARE NOT GOING TO HAVE THE RIGHT AIONALS ABOUT WHAT THEY NEED -- ASSUMPTIONS WHAT THEY NEED AND ASSURANCES THEY NEED FOR THE SCIENCE TO SERVE THEM. FOR ALL THESE WE HAVE INVOLVED COMMUNITY FACING RESEARCHERS IN EACH MAJOR GRANT PROGRAM, SOMEONE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN COMMUNITIES AND THERE IS CONSCIOUS EFFORT TO GIVE BACK TO COMMUNITIES. SOMETIMES IT INVOLVES THINGS LIKE BUILDING SCIENTIFIC INFRASTRUCTURE, SOMETIMES INVOLVE MORE THINGS LIKE EDUCATION. BUT IT IS ALWAYS KEEPING IN MIND WHAT PEOPLE WHO ARE PARTICIPATING IN RESEARCH ARE PARTICIPANTS, NOT SUBJECTS. AND THEY NEED TO BE REWARDED AS IN THEIR ROLES AS PARTICIPANTS. WE -- WHAT WE VIEW THIS AS TAKING AN EQUITY LENS, WE ARE NOT TACKLING DIVERSITY EQUITY AND INCLUSION PER SE AS OUR PRIMARY GOAL, SCIENCE IS OUR PRIMARY GOAL BUT EVERY FORM OF SCIENCE YOU CAN TAKE EQUITY LENS AND MAKE SURE ITS MEETING PRINCIPLES AND LOOKING BROADLY. FOR EXAMPLE WE HAVE PROGRAM SUPPORTING STUDENT DIVERSITY AND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AT SEVERAL UNDERGRADUATE INSTITUTIONS, WE HAVE AN OPEN RFA ON FACULTY DIVERSITY AND LEADERSHIP THAT DIVERSE FACULTY SHOW IN PROMOTING SCIENTIFIC WORK FORCE DEVELOPMENT AND OPENNESS. WE VIEW EQUITY AS NOT JUST A U.S. THING AS YOU CAN SEE IN OUR LAST SLIDE BUT AS A GLOBAL THING. SO WE HAVE BEEN DOING META GENOMICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE MANY THE GLOBAL CELL, AGAIN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION, AND THE CHAN ZUCKERBURG BIOHUB, WE ARE SUPPORTING SCIENTISTS IN 15 COUNTRIES WITH FUNDING TRAINING AND SOFTWARE SO THEY CAN FIND A KNOWN INFECTIOUS AGENT SO THEY CAN TRACK DISEASES THAT ARE IMPORTANT IN THEIR OWN COMMUNITY. ALL RIGHT. BACK TO TECHNOLOGY WE ARE VERY INTERESTED IN IMAGING, THIS IS ANOTHER IDEA FOR US AS TECHNOLOGY, IT CAN HAVE BROAD SUCCESS AND IMPACT ACROSS VARIETY OF AREAS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE.. WE ARE SUPPORTING WORK AT THE FRONTIERS OF IMAGING WHETHER THAT IS IMAGING DEEP WITHIN TISSUES, TRYING TO IDENTIFY SINGLE CELLS AND MOLECULAR PROCESSES DEEP WITHIN THE BODY OR TRYING TO IDENTIFY ALL THE DIFFERENT MOLECULES WITHIN A SINGLE CELL BY COMBINING LIGHT AND ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY IN INNOVATIVE WAYS. IMAGING SCIENTISTS WORLDWIDE, EVERY INHABITED CONTINENT. WE ARE WRITING SOFTWARE, WRITING NEW SOFTWARE TO ANALYZE IMAGE DATA QUANTITATIVE, WE ACCURATELY REPRODUCIBLE FASHION CAN BE SHARED. HERE IS AN AREA WHERE THE SUCCESS AND THE CREATIVITY OF THE FIRST GRANTEES HAS MADE SUCH AN IMPRESSION ON MARK AND PRISCILLA THEY DOUBLED IN THIS AREA BY STARTING RESEARCH INSTITUTE SPECIFICALLY TO SUPPORT ADVANCE BIOMEDICAL IMAGING TO ALLOW THESE TECHNOLOGIES TO REACH THEIR FULL POTENTIAL AND VERY IMPORTANTLY, TO DISSEMINATE TO THE BROADEST POSSIBLE GROUP OF SIG SCIENTISTS. SO ANYTHING WE DEVELOP WE MAKE AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE. WE HAVE A PROGRAM IN NEURODEGENERATION WHICH WE ARE PART OF OUR GOAL IS TO BRING MORE PEOPLE INTO AN INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT DISEASE AREA, AND WE ARE FIGHTING AGAINST THE FACT IT IS HARD TO CHANGE FIELDS IN THE MODERN SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM SO WE HAVE MADE IT EASIER FOR PEOPLE TO MOVE IN A COLLABORATIVE SETTING, TO A NEW SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FIELD AND DO NEW WORK. WE HAVE A LOT OF INTEREST IN OPEN SCIENCE AND ACCELERATING WITH SHARING ROBUSTNESS AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF SCIENCE. AND AGAIN THIS IS A PLACE WHERE WE THINK ABOUT LIKE WHO HAS ACCESS, WHO HAS ACCESS TO RESULTS WHILE IN ORDER TO SEE THAT YOU NEED TO HAVE PLATFORMS ENABLE SHARING OF RESULTS, NEED OPEN DATA SETS. AND WE ALSO HAVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT THAT IS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF CREATING THIS ROBUST SHARED INFRASTRUCTURE. SO THE LAST THING I WANT TO TALK ABOUT CLOSING OF MY TALK IS THE WORK WE ARE DOING IN SCIENCE AND SOCIETY. SO THE FLAGSHIP OF THIS PROGRAM IS A PROGRAM CALLED RARE IS ONE. WE ARE INCLUDING RARE DISEASE PATIENT GROUPS AND ADVOCATES AS FULL PARTNERS IN RESEARCH. BASICALLY EMPOWERING THEM TO MAKE DECISIONS WHAT RESEARCH GOES ON IN THEIR OWN DISEASES. THIS HAS BEEN A INSPIRING GROUP OF PEOPLE, AND WE STARTED THINKING WELL WE KNOW ONE OR TWO EXAMPLES WHERE PATIENT ADVOCATES MADE IMPACT IN SCIENCE, THE HEREDITARY DISEASE FOUNDATION FOR EXAMPLE. THE CASTLEMAN DISEASE FOUNDATION BUT WE HAVE BEEN AMAZED HOW MANY PATIENT GROUPS THERE ARE WITH POTENTIAL TO REALLY MOVE THE NEEDLE FORWARD. RARE DISEASE MAY INDIVIDUALLY BE RARE BUT THEY ARE AT LEAST 7,000 SO COLLECTIVELY THEY ARE QUITE COMMON. THIS IS AN AREA WE CAN PUSH. SO WE HAVE RFAs OPEN CURRENTLY, RAREST DISEASE GROUPS WORKING WITH OTHER PROGRAMS. WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THIS, EXCITED ABOUT THIS BECAUSE PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES AND ADVOCATES ARE THE NATURAL ALLIES OF SCIENCE. THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO WANT TO SEE SCIENCE MOVE FORWARD. WE VIEW THIS AS -- THIS IS NOT ADVOCACY DIRECTLY BUT WE ARE EMPOWERING THEIR ADVOCACY ON BEHALF OF SCIENCE. ONE PLACE WE ARE TRYING TO LEARN MORE IS IN A PROGRAM CALLED THE MOVEMENT FOR SCIENCE, BEING RUN BY TONYA SHELLEY, THE HEAD OF SCIENCE GROUP. THIS IS ABOUT THINKING PUBLIC TRUST IN SCIENCE. YOU PROBABLY HEARD ABOUT THIS, THERE'S SOME REALLY EXCELLENT GROUPS THAT DO THIS IN A PRINCIPLED RESEARCH FRAMEWORK LIKE THE AAAS, THE WELLCOME TRUST THE CHARITABLE TRUST SCIENCE COUNTS. BUT WE HAVE A UNUSUAL SETUP IN OUR PHILANTHROPY WHERE BUILT BY BUSINESS PEOPLE AND MANY PEOPLE HAVE BUSINESS BACKGROUND, THEY THINK ABOUT PROBLEMS FROM A DIFFERENCE PERSPECTIVE. WHAT THEY THINK ABOUT IT FROM IS THE PERSPECTIVE THAT IS USED IN GOVERNMENT, IT IS USED IN ELECTIONS IT IS USED IN MARKETING. USED IN WHAT IS AUDIENCE, WHAT ARE THE SEGMENTS OF AUDIENCE WHICH PARTS CAN YOU REACH AND BY WHAT MECHANISMS. THIS IS UNUSUAL FOR SCIENCE, WE DON'T KNOW CASE RATES BEFORE BUT BASICALLY RESEARCH GOAL WAS CONDUCT CAMPAIGN STYLE RESEARCH, POLITICAL CAMPAIGN, A MARKETING CAMPAIGN. JUST TRY TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE U.S. POPULATION RELATES TO SCIENCE. AND THE IDEA WAS TO DEVELOP SOME SORT OF A SEGMENTATION OF THE U.S. POPULATION THAT UNDERSTANDS DIFFERENT AUDIENCES, AND HOW THEY RELATE TO THE SCIENTIFIC (INAUDIBLE). WHAT DID WE DO? WE DO A MIXED METHODS RESEARCH PROGRAM, WE INTERACT WITH SEVERAL THOUSAND PEOPLE ACROSS THE US. AND ASK HOW THEY RELATE TO SCIENCE AND WHAT THEIR INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES WITH SCIENCE IS. SO IT INCLUDES ONLINE FORUMS, IT INCLUDES THEM IN ANALYSIS OF THE ONLINE FORUMS TO UNDERSTAND WHAT PEOPLE -- HOW PEOPLE CLASSIFY DIFFERENT IDEAS AND RESPONSES. THEN IT WAS FOLLOWED BY IN DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH A SET OF DIFFERENT PEOPLE, AND INCLUDED FACILITATED DISCUSSIONS IN A VARIETY OF CITIES IN THE U.S. CHARLOTTE PHOENIX COUPLE OF OTHER PLACES, SOMETIMES JUST WITH THESE FOLKS IN THE AUDIENCE AND SOMETIMES WITH DIFFERENCE SCIENTISTS THERE IN ADDITION. SO WHAT DID WE LEARN FROM THIS? Y'ALL MAYBE USED TO SEEING THIS IN A SCIENTIFIC SETTING. CLUSTER ANALYSIS WITH NON-MATRIX FACTORIZATION, WE ASK PEOPLE AGREE OR DISAGREE WITH CERTAIN STATEMENTS. IF YOU GIVE PEOPLE BUNCH OF STATEMENTS AN BUNCH OF PEOPLE PEOPLE TEND TO ANSWER THE SAME STATEMENTS IN THE SAME WAY, THEY FALL OUT IN CLUSTERS SUGGESTING CONSENSUS WAYS THAT PEOPLE INTERACT WITH DIFFERENT KINDS OF STATEMENTS ABOUT THE SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE. AND YOU CAN PUT A NAME AND TELL A STORY WHO THEY ARE AND THIS IS WHAT WE LEARNED ABOUT THE U.S. POPULATION. SO FIRST LET'S START FROM THE FAR RIGHT, THESE ARE PEOPLE WE ALL WISH EVERYONE WAS IF WE ARE SCIENTISTS WE WISH EVERYONE BELIEVE SCIENCE CAN UNCOVER THE TRUTH AND MAKE A DIFFERENCE. IN 2019 THAT WAS NINE PERCENT AMERICANS BELIEVED THAT. BUT THERE WAS ANOTHER GROUP OF PEOPLE CLOSE TO THAT, THAT WE ALSO FEEL LIKE ARE NATURAL ALLIES IN SCIENCE, PEOPLE WHO ARE INTERESTED IN FACTS AND UNDERSTANDING WHAT THE DECISIONS ARE RIGHT FOR AND THAT WAS 15% OF THE POPULATION. SO AGAIN, THAT'S SOMETHING WE REALLY KNOW WHO THOSE ARE. THEN THERE IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO ARE LIKE I TRUST THE EXPERTS, I DON'T WANT TO FIGURE THIS OUT FOR MYSELF, I'M GOING TO DO WHAT MY DOCTOR TELLS ME, TRUST SCIENCE, PEOPLE PREFER TO BELIEVE SOMEBODY ELSE WILL TELL THEM THAT'S 20% OF THE POPULATION. NOW WE ARE LESS THAN HALF OF THE POPULATION. IT IS BASICALLY GOING TO BE ALIGNED AROUND THE SCIENTIFIC DOMAIN. GOING IN FROM THE LEFT, THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE EITHER SORT OF LIKE ALREADY DRIVEN BY PERSONAL EXPERIENCE AND EXPERIENCE OF THEIR FRIENDS, THEY TURN TO THEIR EXPERIENCES WHEN FACED WITH DIFFICULT DECISIONS THEY DON'T NECESSARILY WANT EXPERT ADVICE. IN ADDITION THERE IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO JUST LIKE -- THEY JUST DON'T FEEL LINE SCIENCE IS RELEVANT TO THEM, THE WORLD IS COMPLICATED LIKE FIGURE OUT WHAT YOU WANT TO DO AND DO THAT SO THEY ARE DETACHED IN INTERESTING -- NOT INTERESTED IN SCIENCE. THIS GROUP HERE I HIGHLIGHT HERE, WHAT WE CALL TEAM SKEPTIC, IT IS 12% OF THE POPULATION AND THEY THINK THEY UNDERSTAND SCIENCE BUT THEY ARE VERY CRITICAL OF THE MOTIVATIONS OF SCIENTISTS, THE CRITICAL OF THE MOTIVATION BLIND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS, THEY ARE MIST TRUSTFUL OF COMPANIES MISTRUSTFUL OF GOVERNMENT AND THAT SHOWS UP IN WHAT THEY DO. SO IF YOU REFLECT ON YOUR OWN FAMILY ACQUAINTANCES YOU PROBABLY KNOW SOME PEOPLE IN EACH OF THESE CATEGORIES. I CERTAINLY DO. HERE IS SOMETHING INTERESTING. PUT PEOPLE TOGETHER, YOU PUT A SCIENTIST TO THE RIM, SCIENTIST WANTS TO COMMUNICATE WITH THIS GROUP OF PEOPLE, MIXED GROUP, WHAT HAPPENS IS SCIENTIST AND TEAM SKEPTIC GO HEAD TO HEAD FOR THE ENTIRE DISCUSSION WITH EVERYONE ELSE IN THE ROOM BEING IGNORED. IT IS AN OBVIOUS DYNAMIC WE SAW IN OUR DIFFERENT DISCUSSION GROUPS. I HAVE NEWS FOR YOU FOLKS, YOU ARE NEVER GOING TO CONVINCE THOSE PEOPLE, THESE ARE NOT PEOPLE THAT YOU CAN MOVE, NOT THE PEOPLE YOU SHOULD ENGAGE WITH, THERE ARE LOT OF PEOPLE WHO WOULD BE MORE IN THE TRUST THE EXPERTS CATEGORY THAT YOU CAN LISTEN TO AND WORK WITH OR THAT YOU COULD ENGAGE ABOUT THEIR OWN PERSONAL LIFE. AND PERHAPS PERCENT WAY DIFFERENCE IN SCIENCE BUT THAT IS NOT WHERE PEOPLE'S ATTENTION GOES, THIS IS AN INTERESTING INSIGHT FOR ME. IF YOU WILL SEE THESE NUMBERS WERE FROM 2019 BY COINCIDENCE WE DID THIS WORK IN 2019 AS WE STARTED THIS. AND OBVIOUSLY WE NOW HAVE THE SET OF DATA THAT'S EMERGED AFTER PERIOD OF INTENSE SCIENCE FOCUS OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS. I WANT TO POINT OUT WHAT HAPPENED TO THESE MIND SETS OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS, FIRST SAME BASIC PERCENTAGES EXIST AS BEFORE BUT THERE'S ABOUT A TEN PERCENT SHIFT OVERALL, TOWARD THE MORE SCIENCE POSITIVE SIDE OF THIS. INTO THE PEOPLE INTERESTED IN EXPERT ADVICE OR BELIEVE SCIENCE CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE, THEY ARE NOW 10% MORE PEOPLE IN THAT SECTOR AS A WHOLE. THAT IS A VERY STRIKING SHIFT IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHICS OF AUDIENCE INTEREST. SO MAY NOT SEEM LIKE THAT MUCH BUT IT IS REALLY GOOD. CORRESPONDING LOSS OF LESS MORE IN DIFFERENT POPULATIONSS. WERE PEOPLE WHO COULD BE MOVED BY CHANGING BIOINFORMATION. TEAM SKEPTIC NO CHANGES AT ALL, 12% BEFORE, 12% AFTER, THAT IS THE WAY THINGS ARE. HERE ARE A COUPLE OF OUTCOMES TO BE SERIOUS ABOUT WHAT WE LEARN. ONE THING WE LEARNED ABSOLUTELY IS THAT WHO PEOPLE TRUST ARE THEIR PRIMARY HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS. YOU THINK YOUR DOCTOR CARES ABOUT YOU, THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO CAN MAKE THE BIGGEST IMPACT. ONE THING IN RETROSPECT WE PROBABLY COULD HAVE BEEN DONE BETTER FROM AN ADVOCACY POINT OF VIEW IS THAT WE ADMINISTERED VACCINES EARLY ON THROUGH LARGE MASS SITES OR FARM PHARMACIES, THEY WERE NOT GIVEN TO PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS YOUR PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR MIGHT HAVE BEEN A PERSON WHO COULD HAVE BEEN PERSUADE MORE EASILY THAN FACELESS GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION, IF YOU ARE SOMEONE INCLINED TO THAT. ANOTHER THING IS THAT WHILE INTENSITY OF TRUST AND SCIENCE HAS INCREASED, THE INTENSITY O TRUST IS LOWER IN POPULATIONS THAT ARE MARGINALIZED IN THE U.S. LIKE BLACK AND HISPANIC POPULATIONS PROSCIENCE BUT CONCERNED AND CONCERNED ABOUT BEING GUINEA PIGS SO WE HAVE TO BUILD TRUST WITH THOSE POPULATIONS TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE. THAT IS THE END OF MY PRESENTATION. THANK YOU FOR THIS TIME. I WANT TO SAY THE CHAN ZUCKERBURG INITIATIVE WE ARE CONTINUING THIS WORK, WE ARE THINKING ABOUT WHAT OUR NEXT TEN YEARS LOOK LIKE, WE ARE EXCITED BY THINGS LIKE IMAGING WORK AND MORE ABOUT MEASURING THE HUMAN BODY IN ACTION. WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THINGS SUCCESSFUL AND SCALING THEM UP, THINGS LIKE THE RARE IS ONE PROGRAM TO ENGAGE MORE PATIENTS AND THAT IS AN EXCITING THING ABOUT BEING IN A RELATIVELY NEW ORGANIZATION, RELATIVELY FLEXIBLE ORGANIZATION, THAT ISN'T TRAPPED IN ITS OWN SUCCESS, THAT CAN TRY NEW THINGS, CAN FAIL SOMETIMES. AND WE REALLY BELIEVE IN STAYING CLOSE TO THE WORK BUT THAT IS WITH OTHER SCIENTISTS, WITH PATIENTS, WITH ADVOCATES, WITH COMMUNIQUETIES. WITH THAT I WILL STOP AND -- COMMUNITIES. T WITH THAT I WILL STOP AND ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS. >> THAT WAS A TERRIFIC TALK, DR. BARGMANN, THANK YOU FOR SHARING YOUR PERSONAL JOURNEY, I LEARNED A LOT ABOUT THE PHENOMENAL WORK BEING DONE AT CCI. GREAT SESSION. SO WE WILL NOW TAKE QUESTIONS FROM THE AUDIENCE, I KNOW THERE WERE A FEW IN THE CHAT. IF YOU FEEL COMFORTABLE RAISING YOUR HAND AND UNMUTING WE CAN TAKE THOSE. LOOKS LIKE I SEE ONE HAND RAISED HERE, FATIMA IF YOU WOULD LIKE THE ASK YOUR QUESTION. >> THANK YOU FOR THAT PRESENTATION, DR. BARGMANN. I'M FATIMA PRESIDENT OF FUTURE RESEARCH WE ARE AN ADVOCACY ORGANIZATION EARLY CAREER RESEARCHERS. SO I REALLY LIKE THAT YOU MENTIONED THE DIVERSITY ISSUE, IT TIES INTO THE TRUST BUILDING ISSUE THAT YOU POINTED TO. ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE PUSH FOR AT FUTURE RESEARCH IS THE LEADERSHIP AS WELL, SO LOOKING AT FOR EXAMPLE THE CCI WEBSITE ON THE SCIENCE LEADERSHIP TEAM AS WELL AS BIOHUB LEADERSHIP TEAM I SEE A LOT OF WHITENESS WE ARE TRYING TO FIX AS WELL IN OUR SPACES WHEN CAN WE EXPECT ORGANIZATIONS TO THAT ARE FUNDING THIS, WHO AND PUSHING DIVERSITY TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE IN TERMS OF UPLIFTING SCIENTISTS OF COLOR INDIGENOUS SCHOLARS, PEOPLE WHO ARE DOING THIS WORK AND TRYING TO PUSH FORWARD MORE RECOMMENDATION AND DIVERSITY AND EQUITY IN OUR SPACES? OPERATOR: >> VERY GOOD POINT. I WOULD SAY COUPLE OF THINGS IN RESPONSE. FIRST IS OUR WORK IN DIVERSITY IS BEING LED BY DR. HANNAH VALENTINE, PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST FROM STANFORD UNIVERSITY AND BLACK WOMAN. SHE WAS THE FIRST HEAD OF DIVERSITY AT NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH SO SHE REPORTED DIRECTLY TO FRANCIS COLLINS FOR SIX YEARS AND SINCE STEPPING DOWN SHE'S BEEN WORKING WITH US DESIGNING PROGRAMS HIGH LYNN FORMED BY WHAT SHE KNOWS ABOUT BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH SYSTEM. SO HE IS NOT TECHNICALLY -- TECHNICALLY CONSULTING STAFF MEMBER BUT SHE IS AMAZING. I% CAN'T BELIEVE HOW LUCKY WE ARE TO HAVE HER TONIGHT. I AGREE WITH YOU ABOUT THE OVERALL LEADERSHIP AND SCIENCE IN CHAN ZUCKERBURG INITIATIVE, WE HAVE THREE PEOPLE ONE IN OPERATIONS ONE IN ENGINEERING AND ONE AS HEAD OF PROGRAMS AND ALL LEE OF US WERE HIRED FIVE YEARS AGO AND WE ARE ALL WHITE AND I APOLOGIZE FOR THAT. I WILL SAY AT THE NEXT LEVEL WE HAVE A NUMBER OF REALLY GREAT SCIENCE PROGRAM MANAGERS, INCLUDING MEMBERS OF SEVERAL BLACK PROGRAM MANAGERS WITH Ph.D.s WHO ARE MOVING UP THROUGH THE SYSTEM. AND LATINX AS WELL. SO I THINK WE ARE ON A PATH BUT STILL IN THE MIDDLE MANAGEMENT AND WE HOPE THEY WILL MOVE UP. THE THIRD THING TO SAY IS, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT HANNAH POINTED OUT AND OTHERS POINTED OUT TO US IS THAT YOU REALLY NEED TO BE SUPPORTING PEOPLE THROUGHOUT THEIR CAREERS, IT IS EASY FOR PEOPLE TO GET BEHIND K-12 EDUCATION BUT WE ARE FOCUSING ON SOME OF THE MORE NEGLECTED AREAS AND THE SCIENCE DIVERSITY LEADERSHIP RFA WHICH IS ONE OF THE THINGS YES DOING NOW. SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED AROUND SUPPORTING ASSISTANT AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS TO HAVE EXTRA BANDWIDTH, EXTRA TIME, EXTRA GRANT FUNDING TO ALULA THEM TO TAKE LEAD SHE WERE ROLES AT THE NEXT STAGE. AKNOW REGIMENT IS START BUT NOT AT THE END OF THE TRAINING. >> NO, THANK YOU FOR THAT ANSWER. I SAW THE RFA AND GOT REALLY EXCITE AND REALIZE I COULDN'T APPLY TO IT SO THAT WAS A BUM HE WERE BUT IT IS GOOD TO SEE THAT THERE ARE RFAs GOING OUT LIKE THAT. >> THERE IS A COUPLE OF WRITTEN QUESTIONS, SHOULD I ANSWER THEM? SRI ASKS COVID HAD NEUROLOGICAL EFFECTS IN COGNITION. WHAT PLANS THE ADDRESS THIS IF ANY. COVID DOES NOT INFECT NEURONS, THAT WAS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT CAME OUT OF AN OPEN RESOURCE WE MADE EARLY ON CALLED THE COVID CELL ATLAS BECAUSE THE RECEPTORS ARE NOT IN NEURONS THE VASCULATURE OF THE BRAIN BEING AFFECTED SO MICROVESSELS, MICROSTROKES AND BLEEDS, THAT IS A PRETTY SERIOUS BUSINESS THOUGH WE ARE GETTING BETTER AT REHABILITATION OF THOSE THAN WE USE TO BE. THE MAIN WAY WE ENGAGE WITH NOW IS TWOFOLD. THE FIRST IS THAT WE ARE SUPPORTING A LARGE PROGRAM AT THEU BIOBANK WHICH IS A 500,000 PERSON HEALTH PATIENT COHORT, WHERE THEY ARE DOING STUDIES BEFORE AND AFTER COVID ON LARGE NUMBER OF PATIENTS TO SEE WHAT CHANGED. BECAUSE THEY HAD ALREADY BEEN IMAGING THESE PATIENTS AND DOING A LOT OF DETAILED ANALYSIS SO THEY HAVE BEFORE AND AFTER PICTURES IN A LOT OF DETAIL. SECOND, WE ARE WORKING WITH PATIENT GROUPS, WITH A NUMBER OF LONG COVID PATIENT ADVOCACY GROUPS, TO HELP THEM ORGANIZE AROUND WHAT THEY VIEW AS THE REAL ISSUES. NOT NECESSARILY WHAT A DOCTOR VIEWS THE ISSUES. MY FAVORITE EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PATIENT AND DOCTOR IS THAT IF YOU HAVE PARKINSON DISEASE, A DOCTOR OR STRANGER NOTICE IT IS TREMOR BUT WHAT THE PATIENTS COMPLAIN ABOUT IS FATIGUE. IT IS A DIFFERENT SYSTEM. IT IS NOT EASY TO SCORE BY THIRD PARTY BUT YOU WANT TO FOCUS TOWARD WHAT IS IMPAIRING PEOPLE'S QUALITY OF LIFE SO IF A -- THE PATIENT FOCUS IS THERE AT THE MOMENT. AVA ASKED DOES CCI DO OWN RESEARCH OR DONE BY UNIVERSITYS? IT IS DONE BY OTHERS. WE DON'T HAVE A PHYSICAL RESEARCH SITE BUT THE CHAN ZUCKERBURG BIOHUB IS A HYBRID, IT IS AN INDEPENDENT MEDICAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION BUT IT IS -- THEY ARE LIKE OUR CLOSE COUSINS ESSENTIALLY. THAT IS A FRACTION OF THE RESEARCH THAT CCI SUPPORTS, IT IS ABOUT 20% THAT CCI SUPPORTS WITH 80% BEING INTERNATIONAL GRANT FUNDING OF VARIOUS SORTS. RICHARD ASKS SHOULD SCIENTISTS MIX EMOTIONAL STORIES WITH SCIENCE DATA TO ATTRACT THOSE MOVED BY STORIES AND EXPERIENCE? MY UNDERSTANDING IS THE ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION IS YES. THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE IN THIS CALL WHO ARE MORE EXPERT THAN I AM ABOUT STORY TELLING. I THINK THERE IS A LOT TO SAY ABOUT EMOTIONAL STORIES AND VALUE OF REACHING PEOPLE THROUGH THAT MECHANISM. YOU HAVE TO BE TRUE TO YOURSELF. IF YOU ARE NOT A STORY TELLER THEN IT IS NOT GOING TO WORK. THAT IS FOR EXAMPLE ONE OF THE THINGS WE HAVE SEEN WITH RARE DISEASE PATIENTS. IT HAS BEEN AMAZING HOW HAY WILL ENGAGE WITH STORY TELLING. ON A PARALLEL TRACK TO HELP PEOPLE UNDERSTAND WHAT SCIENCE IS FOR. SO THEY ARE TRUE TO THEMSELVES WHILE ALLOWING SCIENTISTS TO BE TRUE TO MEASUREMENT. I HAVE A FEELING RICHARD NAKAMORA HAS A BETTER ANSWER TO THAT QUESTION THAN I DO, JUST SAYING. >> GREAT. I THINK WE CAN TAKE ONE MORE QUESTION, IF POSSIBLE FROM SOPHIA. >> HI, YES, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THAT WONDERFUL TALK AND SHARING A LOT WITH US. I GUESS I WAS REALLY EXCITED TO SEE HOW YOU SHARED WHO YOU BROUGHT PEOPLE TOGETHER AND TRYING TO AGREE TRYING TO NOT REINVENT THE WHEEL WITH EVERYTHING SO WONDERING IF YOU HAVE ADVICE OF LIKE YOUNG STUDENTS COMING IN, HOW DO YOU DEAL WITH LIKE OKAY THERE'S ALL THIS STUFF OUT THERE, HOW DO I APPROACH THIS WITHOUT TRYING TO REINVENT THE WHEEL OR DEVELOP SOMETHING THAT MAYBE IS ALREADY STARTED SOMEWHERE ELSE BETTER AND I CAN JOIN IN AND HELP. >> I WISH -- THE ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION IS I WISH I KNEW THE ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION, IT IS AN ITERATIVE PROCESS YOU START THE GET INTERESTED IN SOMETHING YOU TRY TO FIND OTHER PEOPLE WHO ARE INTERESTED MANY THE SAME THING OR READ AND LEARN MORE TEND IT IS AN EXPERIMENT SOMETIMES YOU REALIZE THAT EXPERIMENT IS DONEND A SOMETIMES YOU REALIZE IT HASN'T AND YOU KIND OF KEEP PUSHING AND KEEP LOOKING. I HAVE BEEN IMPRESSED AT THE STUDENT LEVEL TO -- I HAVE BEEN PRETTY IMPRESSED WITH THE WAY THAT THE STUDENT GROUPS AND POST DOC GROUPS WITHIN ROCKEFELLAR WHERE I AM AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS, SORT OF STEPPED UP TO START TO TAKE CERTAIN KINDS OF LEADERSHIP ROLES IN AREAS OF ADVOCACY, I THINK BOTH HERE AND NUMBER OF OTHER INSTITUTIONS I KNOW ABOUT THE SORT OF RESPONSE TO THE GEORGE FLOYD EVENTS FROM THE STUDENT GROUPS WAS STRONG CONSTRUCTIVE AND CREATIVE. SO JUST THEIR WILLINGNESS TO DIVE IN AND DO THE WORK MADE IMPACT. SOMETIMES YOU CAN'T EXPECT FROM DIFFERENT GENERATION TO SEE THINGS YOU NEED TO SEE. THAT'S TRUE OF -- THERE'S OTHER ISSUES WHERE I FEEL LIKE I THINK WE HAVE ALL SEEN HOW THE STRENGTH OF PASSION AN MOTIVATION, IT WAS JUST LIKE STRONGER IN YOUNGER PEOPLE THAN IN MORE SENIOR PEOPLE. SO I THINK YOU CAN START BY GETTING WITH OTHER STUDENTS IS MY FEELING BUT IT CAN GO ON AS WELL. >> SO SRI LAST QUICK QUESTION FOR SRI. HUE FOR ASKING THAT ENTREPRENEUR RESIDENCE, SEND ME AN EMAIL AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES CCI WE ARE VERY EXCITED ABOUT USING AI AND ML, WE ARE NOT DOING COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROONCOLOGY AT THE MOMENT. WE ARE VERY BIOMEDICAL. AND WE -- CANCER WAS AN AREA SPECIFICALLY WHEN WE LOOK AROUND WE ARE LIKE THIS IS INCREDIBLY WELL SUPPORTED AREA. 70% OF BIOTECHS ARE IN CANCER. HUGE AMOUNT OF NIH FUNDING. LET'S NOT PRETEND WE'LL MAKE A DIFFERENCE HERE IF WE DON'T HAVE SOME GREAT NEW IDEA. THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE IS MORE PSYCHOLOGY AND WE HAVE BEEN MORE MECHANISTIC AT THIS POINT. SCIENCE POLICY POP FEST. VERY GOOD. THANK YOU GUYS I SHOULD LET THE NEXT SPEAKER. I'LL MOVE ON. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> DR. BARGMANN, THANK YOU, FANTASTIC. >> THANK YOU ALEX AND I SAHBA FOR THE INVITATION. >> WE CAN RECONVENE AT 1:05 FOR THE NEXT SESSION. >>LORI MCMAHON IS CHAIRPERSON OF THE GOVERNMENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE SOCIETY OF NEUROSCIENCE AND INVOLVE PROFESSOR NEUROSCIENCE AND VICE PRESIDENT OF RESEARCH AT THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA. PREVIOUSLY SHE SERVED MORE THAN 23 YEARS AS A FACULTY MEMBER AND ADMINISTRATOR UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM, THE GARMAN LAUDER PROFESSOR OF NEUROSCIENCE AND DEAN OF THE UAB GRADUATE SCHOOL. SHE'S A FEDERALLY FUNDED BASIC AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCHER WITH NUMEROUS AWARDS FROM THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH AND OTHER AGENCIES THROUGHOUT HER CAREER. AND IS NATIONALLY INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED FOR WORK IN AREAS OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS WITH FOCUS ON SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AND SEX DIFFERENCES. GRADUATING SUM MA CUM LAUDE FROM SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY WITH BA IN BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, DR. MCMAHON EARNED Ph.D. IN NEUROPHARMACOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCE AT ST. LOUIS UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER. DEPARTMENT OF NEUROBIOLOGY AT DUKE MEDICAL CENTER. THRILLED TO H HAVE HER AS HER SPAR eSPEAKER TODAYAS OUR SPEAKER T ODAY. >> THANK YOU FOR THE INVITATION. I'M SO HONORED TO BE HERE AND I HAVE LEARNED A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT FROM THE SPEAKERS SO FAR IT HAS BEEN THRILLING TO LISTEN TO COLLEAGUES AND BEING HERE HEARING WHAT THEY HAVE TO SAY AND DR. BARGMANN'S PRESENTATION AND THE PREVIOUS HOUR WAS JUST ABSOLUTELY FANTASTIC. AND ENERGIZING. SO I'M THRILLED TO HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE WITH ALL OF YOU THE GREAT ACTIVITIES SPONSORED BY SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE AND HONORED TO SERVE AS CHAIR OF THE PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. PERMLY I HAVE BEEN HUGE ADVOCATE, PASSION OF MINE SINCE BEING ON FACULTY AND SEEING THE NEED TO SHARE WHAT WE DO TO OTHERS SO THEY UNDERSTAND AND I FEEL A PERSONAL SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY GIVEN THE PRIVILEGE TO USING FEDERAL DOLLARS UNDERSTANDING THE BRAIN IS A RESPONSIBILITY TO SHARE WITH OTHERS AND WHO NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT WE ARE DOING. AND SUPPORT WHAT WE ARE DOING SO I TRIED TO SHARE MY PASSIONS WITH ALL OF MY Ph.D. STUDENTS AND MY LABORATORY, MY COLLEAGUES AT MY INSTITUTION AND NOW HONOR TO LEAD THE GOVERNMENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. I WILL SHARE ACTIVITIES AND ENJOY DISCUSSING THIS WITH YOU DURING THE QUESTION-AND-ANSWER PERIOD. SOME BEST PRACTICES FIST IDENTIFYING CONTACT POLICY MAKER THOSE IN THE U.S. WE LIVE IN STATES WHO HAVE DECISION MAKERS WHO HAVE ELECTED POLICY MAKERS SO GETTING TO KNOW YOUR POLICY MAKER ESPECIALLY THE POLICY MAKER THAT SERVE IT IS LOCAL AREA WHERE YOU YOUR INSTITUTION IS LIVING. SO SCHEDULE A MEETING WITH THOSE POLICY MAKERS, YOU ARE A CONSTITUENT OF THAT AREA, SO AG CONTACT POLICY MAKERS FIND THEM ON THE WEB CONTACT OFFICES AND ASK TO MAKE AN APPOINTMENT WITH THEM TO SHARE WITH THEM YOUR ADVOCACY FOR SUPPORTING RESEARCH. CRAFT YOUR ELEVATOR PITCH. SOME OF YOU Ph.D. STUDENTS OR HAVE POST-DOCS MAY HAVE PARTICIPATED IN A THREE MINUTE THESIS COMPETITION. AT YOUR INSTITUTION, THAT IS KIND OF A SAME THING AS ELEVATOR PITCH, A TWO TO THREE MINUTE PITCH USING LANGUAGE NON-EXPERT CAN UNDERSTAND. WHICH HEARD ABOUT THAT ALREADY. YOU CAN'T USE FANCY LANGUAGE JARGON, ACRONYM IT IS LANGUAGE YOU USE WHEN YOU SPEAK TO YOUR COLLEAGUES IN YOUR FIELD, MAY BE EVEN TO YOUR COMMITTEE MEMBERS IF YOU ARE A Ph.D. STUDENT, BUT IT IS A LANGUAGE THAT NON-EXPERTS CAN UNDERSTAND SO HAS TO BE CONCISE COMPELLING PERSONAL STORIES A GREAT THAT WAS A QUESTION THAT WAS RAISED DURING DR. BARGMANN'S PRESENTATION. THOSE PERSONAL STORIES ARE RELATABLE AND ONE I SHARE MYSELF IS ABOUT MY OLDEST SON WHO HAS EPILEPSY IN THE CHALLENGES OF CONTROLLING HIS SEIZURES AND MEDICINES THAT CONTROL HIS SEIZURES, CAUSE WEIGHT GAIN AND THAT MAKES HIM NOT WANT TO TAKE HIS MEDICINE, I HAVE HAD DETAILED CONVERSATIONS ON THAT LEVEL WITH POLICY MAKERS BEFORE. YOU CAN SEE THEY CAN UNDERSTAND SO ADVOCATING FOR BRAIN RESEARCH AND IN MY CASE WITH MY STORY FOR EPILEPSY IS AN EASY ONE TO MAKE GIVEN MY PERSONAL STORY. LAB TOURS ARE TERRIFIC, FOR POLICY MAKERS THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO ENVISION WHAT WE DO. WE SAY WET LAB OR BENCH LAB OR BASIC SCIENCE OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE, THESE WORDS DON'T OFTEN MEAN ANYTHING TO NON-EXPERTS INCLUDING CONGRESS PEOPLE SO HAVING A TOUR INVITING THEM TO A TOUR TO SEE RESEARCH SPACE, AND MAYBE EVEN WAIF YOU IN ACTION LOADING A JOB FOR WESTERN BLOT OR SOMETHING. LEVERAGE LO L CAMMEDIA, PUBLIC OPINION PIECES ON NEUROSCIENCE PRIORITIES. THAT IS OFTEN SOMETHING THAT IS POSSIBLE TO DO. AND YOU CAN WORK YOUR PUBLIC AFFAIRS FOLKS AT YOUR INSTITUTIONS TO FIGURE OUT THE PATH FORWARD HOW TO DO THAT. WITH LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL MEDIA TO GET YOUR PASSION OUT THERE ABOUT ADVOCATING FOR RESEARCH SO WE HAVE REALLY EXCITING PROGRAM, EARLY CAREER POLICY AMBASSADORS PROGRAM. THIS IS A TEN MONTH SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE PROGRAM FACILITATING EARLY CAREER SCIENTISTS TO INTERACT WITH LEADING NEUROSCIENCE ADVOCATES AND MEET THEIR POLICY MAKERS, YOU CAN SEE A PICTURE ON THIS SLIDE HERE OF SOME OF OUR ECPA TRAINEES. THESE TRAINEES GAIN SKILLS TO ADVOCATE FOR SCIENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE PRIORITIES, THEY PARTICIPATE IN SFN HILL DAY WHICH IS MARCH 22-24 AT ECPA AND THE GOVERNMENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS MEMBERS WILL MEET WITH OUR DECISION MAKERS, SENATORS FEDERAL SENATORS AND THOSE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THE ECPA AMBASSADORS CONDUCT TO ADVOCACY RELATED PROJECTS IN THEIR HOME DISTRICT OR STATE. PART OF THE APPLICATION PROCESS. THE APPLICATION PROCESS STARTS IN THE FALL AND DECISIONS ARE MADE IN JANUARY, WE JUST STARTED NEW ECPA CLASS. ALL OF THOSE INDIVIDUALS WILL BE JOINING US NEXT WEEK IN HILL DAY. THOSE ECPA MEMBERS ARE GRADUATE STUDENTS, SOMETIMES JUNIOR ASSISTANT PROFESSORS AN SOMETIMES MAYBE A SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE. SO SFN ANNUAL HILL DAY, I MENTIONED THAT, THIS YEAR IT IS THE 16TH ANNUAL HILL DAY SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE, IT IS NEXT WEEK, MARCH 22-24, IT IS VIRTUAL THIS YEAR LAST LAST YEAR DURING PANDEMIC BUT LOOK FORWARD TO WALKING THE HALLS OF CONGRESS NEXT YEAR. SO IT IS OUR HALLMARK AT HAVE CHASSI OF THE YEAR. ADVOCATES MEET WITH OFFICES TO ADVOCATE FOR NEUROSCIENCE FUNDING PRIORITIES. WE LAY THE GROUND WORK CREATING PERSONAL CONNECTIONS, HOSTING LAB TOURSER, THIS IS WHERE WE HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO INVITE THE STAFFERS, AND SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES TO VISIT LABORATORIES AND WE CAN BECOME RESOURCE FOR OFFICES. IF THEY NEED INFORMATION, NEED DEEPER UNDERSTANDING THAT RELATIONSHIP IS BEING BUILT AND CAN REACH OUT TO US FOR CONVERSATIONS. SO THE CONGRESSIONAL ASKS THIS YEAR, AS YOU HEARD EARLIER THAT FISCAL YEAR 22 BUDGET WAS JUST PASSED ON MARCH 15TH. SO NOW DISCUSSIONS ARE JUST GETTING STARTED FOR PHYSICAL YEAR 23 BUDGET SEVERAL MONTHS BEHIND. SO TYPICALLY WHEN SOCIETY FOR NEUROSINCE AND GOVERNMENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE GOES TO CAPITOL HILL OR HAS VIRTUAL HILL DAY EVENTS WE MAKE SPECIFIC ASKS. WE HAVE APPROPRIATIONS ASKS HERE ON THE SLIDE YOU SEE XX BILLION FOR NIH, THAT'S BECAUSE WE ARE STILL DETERMINING THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE AND OTHER LEADERS IN RESEARCH, OTHER ORGANIZATIONS COMMUNICATING AND DECIDING WHAT ASK WILL BE FOR FISCAL YEAR 23. BUT TYPICALLY THAT ASK IS INCREASE OF SEVERAL BILLION DOLLARS AND WE WILL BE SHARING THAT AS SOON AS OUR LEADERS COME TOGETHER AND DECIDE WHAT THAT ASK SHOULD BE FOR FISCAL YEAR 23. ALSO IN THAT ASK ARE SEVERAL MILLION DOLLARS FOR BRAIN INITIATIVE AND IN THE 21ST CENTURY CURES ACT. 11 BILLION FOR THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, AND SEVERAL MILLION FOR THE VA MEDICAL PROSTHETIC RESEARCH PROGRAM. AGAIN FISCAL YEAR 23. WE ARE STRONG ADVOCATORS FOR ANIMALS IN RESEARCH SO WE ARE ASKING FROM CONTINUED WELL SUPPORT FOR THE CONTINUED WELL REGULATED ETHICAL USE OF ANIMALS IN RESEARCH. THERE IS A LOT OF ONGOING DISCUSSION ABOUT THAT AND WE WANT TO BE PART OF THAT AND WE WANT TO BE INFLUENCERS TO MAKE SURE THAT CONTINUED WELL REGULATED ETHICAL USE OF ANIMALS IN RESEARCH IS SUPPORTED. THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE SUBMITTED THE FISCAL YEAR 23 REPORT LANGUAGE O FOCUS ON IMPORTANCE OF NON-HUMAN PRIMATES, I THINK THIS WAS MADE CLEAR TO ALL OF US. WITH THE COVID VACCINE TRIALS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF NON-HUMAN PRY MATES, AND RESEARCH ON THE LONG HAUL COVID-19 SYMPTOMS. WE HEARD ABOUT THAT, A LITTLE BIT IN THE LAST HOUR OR TWO, ABOUT THE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT THAT MANY HAVE EXPERIENCED AS A RESULT OF COVID-19 INFECTION. THE MENTAL HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC DESERVES SIGNIFICANT ATTENTION. WE ARE ASKING FOR SUPPORT OF THE RISE ACT. AUTHORIZATION OF NEARLY 25 BILLION TO HELP RECOVER RESEARCH EFFORTS IMPACTED BY COVID-19 INCLUDING 10 BILLION FOR THE NIH AND 3 BILLION FOR THE NSF. OFFER LAB TOUR AGAIN WHEN IT IS POSSIBLE ON SOME OF OUR INSTITUTIONS AND CAMPUSES WE HAVE ALREADY REOPENED OUR LABS TO VISITORS. I KNOW AT MY CAMPUS AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITY SOUTH CAROLINA IN CHARLESTON WE NOW ARE ALLOWING LAB VISITORS THAT WAS REVERSED AS COVID PANDEMIC REQUIREMENTS WERE REVERSED TWO WEEKS AGO SO ENCOURAGE ALL OF YOU TO THINK ABOUT OFFERING A LAB TOUR TO YOUR CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS WE ALSO WILL ASK THE SENATORS AND THE REPRESENTATIVE (NO AUDIO) >> SOMEHOW I WAS MUTED, I DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH OF THAT YOU LOST. BUT JOINING NEUROSCIENCE RELATED TALK AS WE ASK SENATORS TO JOIN THE NIH CAUCUS, REPRESENTATIVES TO JOIN NEUROSCIENCE CAUCUS. THESE ARE OUR ASKS THAT WE SHARE DURING OUR MEETINGS NEXT WEEK DURING HILL DAY. SO AS ADVOCACY RESOURCES. ADVOCACY ACTION CENTER I ASK ALL OF YOU VISIT THAT, PRE-WRITTEN LETTERS LEGISLATIVE TOPICS ASK NUMBERS TO ACT ON. YOU CAN SENDS PERSONALIZED MESSAGES TO YOUR POLICY MAKERS. NEURAL ONLINE, THERE'S WEBINARS, ARTICLE, VIDEOS ON ADVOCACY BEST PRACTICES AND TOPICS. SO RICH INFORMATION THERE. FACT SHEETS ARE AVAILABLE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON SUPPORTED AGENCIES AND INITIATIVES. THE NIH NSF VA MEDICAL AND PROSTHETIC RESEARCH PROGRAM, THE BRAIN INITIATIVE ANNULS AND RESEARCH. THOSE OF US NEW TO ADVOCACY, SOMETIMES WE DON'T KNOW THE WORDS TO USE, AND SO THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE HAS A LOT OF THAT INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO YOU ON THE WEBSITE SO PLEASE I ENCOURAGE ALL OF YOU TO GO THERE AND LOOK AT THE MATERIALS AVAILABLE. THE SAME FACT SHEETS SPECIFIC DATA ON SCIENCE FUNDING, REALLY HELPFUL, SO THESE STATE SPECIFIC DATA ARE WHAT WE SHARE WHEN WE SPEAK TO THE SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES FROM PARTICULAR STATES, SO THESE DOLLARS THESE RESEARCH DOLLARS HELP SUPPORT JOB CREATION IN THEIR STATES IN ADDITION TO HELPING US GENERATE NEW KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE BRAIN. SO THAT INFORMATION SAVES SPECIFIC INFORMATION IS HELPFUL AND MAY HELP YOU TO HAVE THOSE CONVERSATIONS WITH YOUR DECISION MAKERS AND YOUR STATE. SO THAT'S MY LAST SLIDE. I WILL STOP SHARING MY SCREEN IN CASE THERE ARE SOME QUESTIONS. >> THANK YOU DR. MACK MAN FOR YOUR TALK -- MCMAHON FOR YOUR TALK. IT WAS INFORMATIVE AND APPRECIATE YOU BEING HERE. >> I APPRECIATE IT TOO AND THANK THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE FOR ALL THE WORK THEY DO TO HELP US BE ADVOCATES FOR NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH. >> IF YO YOU HAVE A QUESTION USE THE RAISED HAND FEATURE, I WANT TO ASK THE FIRST QUESTION. SO I'M CURIOUS ABOUT THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BEING A SCIENCE ADVOCATE AS A GRADUATE STUDENT VERSUS A PI. >> THAT IS A REALLY GOOD QUESTION. TO ME THERE'S NO BIG DISTINCTION THERE. I THINK SOMETIMES STUDENTS ARE A LITTLE BIT MORE TIMID BUT SOMETIMES ALSO STUDENTS FEEL THEY DON'T HAVE AS MANY BARRIERS SO WE ALL HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO BE AND ADVOCATE WHETHER WE ARE A STUDENT, WHETHER WE ARE A POST DOC, A JUNIOR FACULTY OR SENIOR FACULTY, THIS IS HOW WE USE OUR VOICES, THIS IS HOW WE HELP EDUCATE OUR DECISION MAKERS TO MAKE SURE THAT SUPPORT WE NEED TO CONTINUE THE WORK WE DO IS THERE. THE SOCIETY THIS IS ONE OF OUR MISSION PILLARS AS ADVOCACY AND THAT'S THE REASON THAT THE RESOURCES ARE WIDELY AVAILABLE TO ALL OF US TO HELP US IMPROVE OUR SKILLS BEING AND ADVOCATE. I WILL SAY DURING HILL DAY, THE SENATORS AND THE REPRESENTATIVES AND THEIR STAFF, THEY ARE REALLY EXCITED TO HEAR FROM OUR STUDENTS. THE STUDENTS ARE PASSIONATE, THERE ARE CURIOUS, THEY REALLY LOVE HEARING WHAT THE STUDENTS HAVE TO SAY, WHAT THE RESEARCH IS THEY ARE TRYING TO DO, WHAT THE KNOWLEDGE IS TRYING TO GENERATE THOSE OF YOU LISTENING TODAY THAT ARE STUDENTS AND POST-DOCS PLEASE DON'T HESITATE TO REACH OUT TO ME. TO SOCIETY IF YOU NEED HELP AND SOME ENCOURAGEMENT. >> I HAVE A FOLLOW-UP QUESTION TO ASK. Z A GRADUATE STUDENT IS IT USEFUL TO REACH TO US INDIRECTLY AND SET UP A LAB TOUR, TO INCORPORATE SOME SFNs INPUT IN THE LAB. >> REACHING OUT TO THE SOCIETY ABSOLUTELY. MY SFN COLLEAGUES ARE ON THE CALL RIGHT NOW, REACHING OUT TO SOCIETY OR TO ME DIRECTLY, IS EASY TO DO. AND ASK QUESTIONS AND ASK SUPPORT AND HOW TO GO ABOUT DOING A LAB TOUR. DURING COVID THAT WASN'T POSSIBLE BUT THERE WERE CREATIVE WAYS THAT OTHERS HAVE USED, INCLUDING WORK THAT WE DID AT MY INSTITUTION WHERE WE USE CELL PHONES ABOUT MADE VIDEOS OF STUDENTS WORKING AT THE BENCH INTERVIEWING STUDENTS, INTERVIEWING FACULTY AND WE SHARE THOSE VIDEOS WITH OUR DECISION MAKERS. WE EVEN USE THOSE VIDEOS TO SHARE WITH HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO COULDN'T VISIT THE LAB AND SEE WHAT RESEARCH IS LIKE. THERE'S WAYS TO BE CREATIVE. WE ARE HAPPY TO SHAKE AND TALK THROUGH HOW YOU WOULD GO ABOUT SETTING UP A LAB TOUR, HOW YOU SHOULD ORGANIZE IT AND HOW TO GET PREPARED. >> THANK YOU. SRI I SEE YOUR HAND IS RAISED IF YOU CAN UNMUTE AND YOUR QUESTION. >> THANKS, ALEX. DR. MCMAHON, I HAVE A BACKGROUND IN NEUROSCIENCE POLICY AND ADVOCACY. BUT BY NO MEANS AM I EARLY CAREER. SO IF I WANTED TO BE INVOLVED WITH THE SFN ALL THOSE THREE DOMAINS, WHAT MECHANISMS CAN I USE? >> THANK YOU FOR THAT. WE WANT AS MANY ADVOCATES AS POSSIBLE. I WOULD ASK YOU EMAIL ME AND EMAIL ADVOCACY AT SFN.ORG AND WE WILL REACH OUT TO YOU AND GET MEETINGS AND DISCUSS OPPORTUNITIES. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> ABSOLUTELY. THANK YOU. >> WONDERFUL. I THINK WE ARE GOING THE TAKE A SHORT BREAK BEFORE OUR NEXT SESSION SO IF EVERYONE CAN PLEASE JUST MUTE YOURSELVES TURN OFF CAMERAS AND JOIN BACK AT 1:30. THANK YOU, DR. MCMAHON AGAIN FOR BEING HERE WITH US. WE APPRECIATE IT. >> WELCOME BACK, EVERYONE. I WANT TO START BY INTRODUCING JENNIFER POLLACK. TEN YEARS OF LEGISLATIVE AND POLITICAL EXPERIENCE TO HER POSITION AS DIRECTOR ACCESS POLICY FOR THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION AND ALZHEIMERS IMPROVEMENT. IN THIS CAPACITY SHE WORKS TO DEVELOP FEDERAL POLICIES FOR AIM AND ASSOCIATION AND WORKS WITH MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO MOVE KEY AIM FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE PRIORITIES INCLUDING EQUITY NEUROSCIENCE ALLS HIGHERS CLINICAL TRIALS ENACT. WITHOUT FURTHER ADDUCE I WOULD LIKE TO INTRODUCE JENN. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME HERE. MANY OF YOU MAY BE FAMILIAR WITH THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION BUT FOR THOSE WHO ARE NOT, WE ARE THE WORLD LEADING VOLUNTARY HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND ALZHEIMERS CARE SUPPORT AND RESEARCH. OUR MISSION IS TO ELIMINATE ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER DEMENTIA THROUGH THE ADVANCEMENT OF RESEARCH TO PROVIDE AND ENHANCE CARE AND SUPPORT FOR ALL AFFECTED AND TO REDUCE THE RISK OF DEMENTIA FOR THE PROMOTION OF BRAIN HEALTH. AIM IS ADVOCACY AFFILIATE OF THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION. SO WE WORK IN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP TO MAKE ALZHEIMERS A NATIONAL PRIORITY. TOGETHER THE ASSOCIATION AIM ADVOCATE POLICIES TO FIGHT ALZHEIMERS DISEASE. TODAY I WANT TO TALK ABOUT SOME WAYS THAT ADVOCACY AND RESEARCHERS LIKE YOURSELVES CAN WORK TOGETHER SO I WILL TALK ABOUT IT IN THE CONTEXT OF ALZHEIMERS AND KY MEN SHAH BUT A LOT OF THE ADVOCACY PRINCIPLES CAN BE APPLIED ACROSS ANY AREA. SO FIRST UP LET'S TALK ABOUT THE APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS. THIS IS WHAT FUNDS THE GOVERNMENT AND IN OUR CASE SPECIFICALLY THE RESEARCH AT NIH. I APOLOGIZE IF YOU HEAR TRUCKS IN T BACK GRAB, APPEARS TO BE A VERY BUSY CONSTRUCTION DAY ON MY STREET. WE WILL START WITH POLICY PLATFORM THAT HAS PROVIDED A FOUNDATION FOR ALL OF OUR EFFORTS OVER THE PAST DECADE. WHICH IS THE BIPARTISAN NATIONAL ALZHEIMERS PROJECT ACT. NAPA WAS THE TOP POLICY PRIORITY ASSOCIATION AIM OVER A DECADE AGO AND CONGRESS UNANIMOUSLY PASSED THE BILL IN 2010. MANDATED CREATION OF NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN ON ALZHEIMERS DISEASE SO BASICALLY LOOKING AT WHAT WE ARE DOING AS A COUNTRY TO ADDRESS ALZHEIMERS. THE NATIONAL PLAN IS RELEASED BY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES EACH YEAR, THE MOST RECENT VERSION WAS RELEASED IN DECEMBER SO JUST A FEW MONTHS AGO. A KEY GOAL OF THE NATIONAL PLAN IS FIND WAY TO PREVENT EFFECTIVELY TREAT ALZHEIMERS BY 2025, WHICH MEANS ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH NEEDS TO BE A TOP PRIORITY FOR THE COUNTRY. SO THE GOAL OF THIS 2025 MARKER OUTTHERE. HOW DO WE GET THERE? HOW DO WE KNOW EXACTLY WHAT THE SCIENTISTS NEED, HOW TO DRIVE THAT. TO FIGURE THAT OUT WE ADVOCATED FOR THE ALZHEIMERS ACCOUNTABILITY ACT WHICH WE REFER TO AS AAA, NO US IN THIS PRESENTATION AS I'M SURE YOU SAW IN THE SFN PRESENTATION, WE LIKE TO USE A LOT OF ACRONYMS IN WASHINGTON, SO TRIPLE A IS ONE. TRIPLE A ENACTED IN 2014. IT REQUIRES THE NIH TO SUBMIT AN ANNUAL ALZHEIMERS BUDGET REQUEST DIRECTLY TO CONGRESS AND THE PRESIDENT. THIS PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT BUDGET OR BYPASS BUDGET IS A GREAT OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH NIH HAS BEEN ABLE TO FUND WITH RECENT APPROPRIATIONS INCREASES FROM CONGRESS. AND INCLUDES AMOUNT OF MONEY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE NEEDED IN ORDER TO MOVE FORWARD TOWARDS THAT 2025 GOAL. NIH DOES THIS FOR THREE DISEASE AREA, HIV AIDS, CANCER, AND ALZHEIMERS, THIS BYPASS BUDGET IS INC ABLY HELPFUL IN MAKING OR CASE. COPING INCREASED FEDERAL RESEARCH FUNDING MORE THAN SEVEN FOLD SINCE NAPA ENACTED A DECADE AGO. THIS CHART CONTINUES TO BE A FAVORITE BECAUSE YEAR AFTER YEAR, WE KEEP SAYING THAT PROGRESS. INCLUDING THE MOST RECENT $289 MILLION INCREASE IN FISCAL YEAR 2022. AND THAT WAS THANKS TO THE TIRELESS WORK OF ADVOCATES ACROSS THE COUNTRY. AS YOU CAN SEE FROM THIS SLIDE, ADVOCACY HELPS TOP OF MIND FOR CONGRESS, THERE ARE OTHER ISSUES AN PRIORITIES COMPETING FOR THEIR ATTENTION. THIS MEANS TOTAL FUNDING FOR ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH AT NIH IS NEARLY 3.5 BILLION. YOU CAN SEE IN 2015 WE WERE AT 631 MILLION SO WE MADE HUGE STRIDES. WE JUST WRAPPED UP THE FY 22 PROCESS AND THAT WILL BE PIVOTING TO FY 23. THAT IS A RESEARCH FUNDING REQUEST. THE OTHER IMPORTANT FUNDING REQUEST WE DO IS RELATED TO THE BOLD INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ALZHEIMERS ACT OR THE BUILDING OUR LARGEST DEMENTIA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ALZHEIMERS ACT. AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIONS THAT ARE ESSENTIAL TO ADDRESSING ALZHEIMERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. BOLD WAS TOP PRIORITIES ENACTED IN 2018 AND AUTHORIZED 100 MILLION OVER FIVE YEARS FOR THE CDC TO BUILD A ROBUST ALZHEIMERS PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THE INFRASTRUCTURE INCLUDES THREE BUCKETS PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE, FUNDING TO STATE LOCAL AND TRIBAL PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS AND FOCUS ONEN CREASING DATA ANALYSIS AND TIMELY REPORTING. THESE ACTIONS WILL FOCUS ON IMPORTANT ALZHEIMERS PUBLIC HEALTH PRIORITIES LIKE INCREASING EARLY DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS, REDUCING RISK, MEETING THE NEEDS OF CAREGIVERS, ADDRESSING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH. CONGRESS APPROPRIATED 10 MILLION THE FIRST YEAR OF BOLD PLE IMPLEMENTATION IN FISCAL YEAR 2020 TO AWARD FUNDING TO THREE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE INCLUDING ONE RUN BY THE ASSOCIATION ON RISK REDUCTION AND 16 PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. CONGRESS APPROPRIATED 15 MILLION FOR BOLD FISCAL YEAR 2021 WHICH LED TO THE FUNDING OF 23 TOTAL PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THIS YEAR CONGRESS APPROPRIATED 25 MILLION FOR BOLD FY 22. THIS WILL ALLOW CDC AWARD ADDITIONAL GRANTS TO PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. WE WILL BE MAKING ADDITIONAL REQUESTS IN THE FQ 23 -- FY 23. THE WAY WE HAVE OUR ADVOCATES MAKE THESE REQUESTS IS EVERY YEAR DURING APPROPRIATION SEASON TYPICALLY RIGHT NOW IN MARCH IS WHEN THE HOUSE IS GEARING UP FOR APPROPRIATIONS, WE WILL ACTIVATE OUR ADVOCATES TO MAKE THE FUNDING REQUESTS TO THEIR MEMBERS OF CONGRESS. FOR THIS YEAR REQUEST WAS ADDITIONAL 289 MILLION FOR NIH RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, ON ALZHEIMERS AND DEMENTIA. AND 20 MILLION FOR BOTH. SO YOU WILL SEE US QUICKLY THE NEXT WEEK OR SO RELEASING FY 23 NUMBERS, AND THEN WE WILL BE ACTIVATING OUR ADVOCATES TO STATABLING TO MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ABOUT THE FY 23 REQUEST. APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS IS A VERY LONG PROCESS, SOMETIMES SIX MONTH PAST WHEN APPROPRIATIONS ARE SUPPOSED TO BE DONE. BUT IT WAS ONE YOU THINK COULDN'T ON EVERY YEAR. SO NOW PIVOT AWAY FROM APPROPRIATIONS INTO OUR AUTHORIZING LEGISLATION OUR PRIORITY LEGISLATION. ONE TOP PRIORITY IS ENACT ACT, ANOTHER ACRONYM THE EQUITY NEUROSCIENCE ALZHEIMERS CLINICAL TRIALS ACT, AND THIS INCREASE PARTICIPATION OF UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS, AND ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER DI MANE SHAH CLINICAL TRIALS. BEFORE WE GET INTO THE BILL SPECIFICS, I WANTED TO GIVE A BRIEF OVERVIEW WHERE THINGS STAND TODAY AND WHY WE BELIEVE THIS BILL IS NEEDED. SO I WANT TO START WITH A GREAT WORK THAT THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING HAS DONE. AS MOST OF YOU MAY KNOW NIA IS DIVISION WITHIN THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH WHICH HAS JURISDICTION OVER THE MAJORITY OF HAMMERERS VERGE EFFORTS. NIA ESTABLISHED A GOOD FOUNDATION OF CENTERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY OFFERING LOCAL RESOURCES SUPPORT AND OPPORTUNITIES TO PARTICIPATE IN ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER DEMENTIA RESEARCH. NIA FUNDS OVER 30 ALZHEIMERS DISEASE RESEARCH SENTENCERS FOR ADRCs AT MAJOR MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THAT ARE DESIGNED TO EXPAND AND DIVERSIFY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES. THERE ARE ALSO EIGHT ALZHEIMERS FOCUS RESOURCE CENTERS FOR MINORITY AGING RESEARCH, WHICH FOCUS ON ENHANCING THE DIVERSITY OF AGING RESEARCH OF THE AGING RESEARCH WORK FORCE, THAT WAS HARD TO SAY, MENTORING PROMISING SCIENTISTS FROM UNDER-REPRESENTED GROUPS. THESE ADRCs ARE WELL-POSITIONED TO INCREASE EDUCATION OUTREACH ACTIVITIES TO UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS WITHIN THEIR COMMUNITIES. NIA HAS RELEASED A NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR RECRUITMENT AND PARTICIPATION IN ALZHEIMERS AND RELATED DEMENTIA CLINICAL RESEARCH THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION HELPED FACILITATE AND OUTLINES APPROACHES TO HELP STUDY SITES AND RESEARCHERS RECRUIT AND RETAIN ADEQUATE NUMBERS OF DIVERSE VOLUNTEERS FOR ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER DEMENTIA CLINICAL TRIALS. THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS FOCUS ON STRATEGIES INCREASING AWARENESS AND ENGAGEMENT ENGAGING LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND DEVELOPING AN APPLIED SCIENCE RECRUITMENT. IN ADDITION, TO THE GREAT WORK THAT NIA HAS DONE WE AT ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION HAVE MADE INCREASING THE PARTICIPATION OF UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS IN CLINICAL TRIALS PRIORITY IN OUR RESEARCH AND ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS. ONE SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF WORK TO DIVERSIFY TRIAL PARTICIPANTS IS U.S. POINTER STUDY. U.S. POINTER SITES WERE SELECTED IN PART BASED ON HISTORY OF ENGAGEMENT AND REACH INTO THEIR COMMUNITIES. THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION CONSIDERS FACTORS OF COMMUNITY NETWORKS FROM THE CLINICAL ASSOCIATION TEAMS, WE HAVE MADE IT A PRORE YOU FOR TO DEVELOP A GRASSROOTS STRATEGY FOR COMMUNITY BASED ENGAGEMENT AND RECRUITMENT WITHIN THE COMMUNITY. THIS BUILDS UPON NETWORKS THAT LINK COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS, COMMUNITY LEADERS AND CLINICAL TRIAL RESEARCH TEAMS. SO THE IDEAL HERE IS REALLY TO GO WHERE THE HELP CONVERSATIONS ARE ALREADY HAPPENING. SO FAR THESE STRATEGIES HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL. IN ENROLLING OVER 25% OF PARTICIPANTS IN POINTER FROM UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS. IN ADDITION THE NEW IDEA STUDY AIMS TO BE AMONG THE MOST RACIALLY ETHNICALLY DIVERSE AL HAMMERERS STUDY EVERY LAUNCHED. AT LEAST 4,000 PLAN 7,000 NEW IDEAS PARTICIPANTS WILL BE BLACK AND AFRICAN AMERICAN, AND HISPANIC LATINO POPULATIONS HISTORICALLY UNDER-REPRESENTED IN DEMENTIA RESEARCH. DESPITE ALL THIS GREAT WORK, MUCH MORE NEEDS TO BE DONE IN THIS AREA. WE KNOW ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER DEMENTIA DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECT OLDER BLACK HISPANIC AMERICANS THAN OLDER WHITES AND IN FACT BLACK AMERICANS ARE TWICE AS LIKELY TO DEVELOP ALZHEIMER AND HISPANIC AND AFRICAN AMERICANS ARE MORE THAN TWICE AS LIKELY. UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE UNDERREPRESENTATION OF THESE GROUPS NOT ONLY HINDERS THE ABILITY OF RESEARCHERS TO UNDERSTAND THE HEALTH DISPARITIES BUT IT ALSO RESTRICTS THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF HOW APPROVED THERAPY OR DIAGNOSTIC MAY EFFECT THE POPULATION MOST LIKELY TO NEED THE DRUG. SO THERE IS CLEARLY A NEED FOR CURRENT FUTURE RESEARCH TO INCLUDE MORE DIVERSE ENROLLMENT TO ENSURE EVERYONE BENEFITS FROM ADVANCES IN ALZHEIMER SCIENCE. HOW ARE WE GOING TO DO THAT? HOW DO WE MAKE THAT HAPPEN? BUILDING OFF FOUNDATION THAT NIA ESTABLISHED, TAKING THE KNOWLEDGE THAT WE HAVE GLEANED FROM OUR OWN EFFORTS AT THE ASSOCIATION, CONSULTING WITH EXPERTS IN THE FIELD AND WORKING WITH CONGRESSIONAL CHAMPIONS WE CRAFTED THE ENACT ACT. WITH ALL OUR BILLS WE TOOK TIME TO COLLABORATE INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY TO GET INPUT ON WHAT PROVISIONS WOULD MAKE A MEANINGFUL IMPACT AND HELP ADDRESS PROBLEM ACROSS THE COUNTRY. WE ARE ALSO VERY FORTUNATE THAT DR. CARL HILL WHO IS THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION CHIEF DIVERSITY EQUITY AND INCLUSION OFFICER, USED TO BE THE DIRECTOR OF NIA OFFICE OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS. WHERE HE LED DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIA HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH FRAMEWORK. SO HIS EXPERTISE WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN DEVELOPING THIS PROPOSAL. THE ENACT ACT FOCUSES ON THREE ASPECTS OF DIVERSIFYING ALZHEIMERS AND OTHER CLINICAL TRIAL ENROLLMENT, FOCUS ON EXPANDING EDUCATION AND OUTREACH TO THESE POPULATION, ENCOURAGING THE DIVERSITY OF CLINICAL TRIALS STAFF, AND REDUCING PARTICIPATION BURDEN. IMPORTANTLY, THIS BILL AUTHORIZES $60 MILLION EACH YEAR FOR FIVE YEARS TO CARRY OUT THESE ACTIVITIES. SO I WILL GO A LITTLE BIT DEEPER ON THE MAIN PILLARS OF THIS BILL. THE FIRST IS TO EXPAND ACCESS AND INCREASE OUTREACH AND EDUCATION TO UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS. IT IS REALLY BUILDING TRUST AND AWARENESS IN THESE COMMUNITIES, IT MEANS EXPANDING THE NUMBER OF ADRCs, IT MEANS INCREASING EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES FROM ADRC AND RICMAR WHO WOULD USE COMMUNITY BASED ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN REACHING OUT TO THE UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS. THE NEXT PILLAR IS TO ENHANCE THE DIVERSITY OF PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATORS AND STUDY STAFF, THIS MEANS THAT NIA ENCOURAGE GREATER DIVERSITY AMONG PIs AND CLINICAL TRIALS STUDY STAFF. SO THE RESEARCHERS RUNNING THE TRIALS ARE MORE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE POPULATIONS THAT THEY ARE TARGETING FOR ENROLLMENT. FINALLY, THE LAST MAIN PILLAR TO US CONSIST ON STRATEGIES TO REDUCE PARTICIPATION BURDEN. THIS MEANS INCREASING THE NUMBER OF ALZHEIMERS CLINICAL TRIALS SITES IN AREAS WITH HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF UNDER-REPRESENTED POPULATIONS, TO MAKE IT EASIER FOR THESE POPULATIONS TO ENROLL AND PARTICIPATE BRINGING THE TRIAL INTO THE COMMUNITY. AND ENCOURAGING USE OF REMOTE HELP TECHNOLOGIES LIKE REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING TO REDUCE PARTICIPATION BURDEN. SO THAT'S THE SUBSTANCE OF THE BILL, I CAN TALK LONGER GET WONKIER ON THE DETAILS OF THE BILL BUT I WANT TO TELL YOU A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE STRATEGY IN REACHING OUT TO MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO LEAD ON THIS BILL. IT IS GOING TO BE IN THE JURISDICTION TWO COMMITTEES THE ENERGY COMMERCE COMMITTEE AND SENATE HELP COMMITTEE AND SO AS WE WERE LOOKING FOR SPONSORS OF THIS BILL, WE ARE FOCUSED IN ON THOSE TWO COMMITTEES BECAUSE THAT'S HOW THE BILLS MOVE THROUGH CONGRESS. ADDITIONALLY BECAUSE THIS BILL INCLUDES FUNDING AMOUNT WE WERE ALSO PAYING ATTENTION TO THE IDEA OF APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE AND HOW IMPORTANT THEY WOULD BE IN THE ENACTMENT IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS LEGISLATION. OUR LEAD SENATE DEMOCRAT THE SENATOR LUJAN OF MEXICO. MEMBER OF THE SENATE HELP EDUCATION LABOR COMMITTEE, THIS COMMITTEE HAS NO JURISDICTION OVER AND OUT. OUR LEAD REPUBLICAN SENATOR SUSAN COLLINS AND FOR ANYBODY THAT HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN ALZHEIMERS POLICY ALL YOU KNOW THAT SENATOR COLLINS IS ONE O OUR LONG TIME CHAMPIONS, AND SHE'S LED MANY OF OUR PREVIOUS BILLS INCLUDING THE BOLD INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ALZHEIMERS ACT. SHE IS ALSO CO-CHAIR OF THE ALZHEIMERS TASK FORCE AND MEMBER OF THE HELP COMMITTEE AND RANKING MEMBER -- THE RANKING MEMBER OF ITS PRIMARY HELP SUBCOMMITTEE WHICH IS WHERE THE BILL WILL GO THROUGH. ON THE HOUSE SIDE, WE ARE WORKING WITH A COUPLE OF NEW FOLKS THIS YEAR, NEW TO US FOLKS, BUT AGAIN LOOKING AT ENERGY AND COMMERCE AND THE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE SO IT IS LED BY REPRESENTATIVE LISA ROCHESTER FROM DELAWARE, SHE IS ON ENERGY COMMERCE COMMITTEE AND SITS ON THE HEALTH SUBCOMMITTEE. WE ALSO HAVE REPRESENTATIVE JAMIE BUTLER FROM WASHINGTON STATE, SHE IS ON THE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE. WE ARE ALSO JOINED BY JOHN CURTIS FROM UTAH WHO IS CONGRESSWOMAN ROCHESTER COLLEAGUE ON THE REPUBLICAN SIDE OF THE ENERGY COMMERCE SUBCOMMITTEE, AND THEN WE HAVE CHRIS SMITH AND MAXINE WATERS OF THE ALZHEIMERS TASK FORCE. ALONG WITH ENACT GAINING SUPPORT IN CONGRESS FROM 74 CO-SPONSORS IN THE HOUSE AND TEN IN THE SENATE SO FAR, WE SEE ORGANIZATION SUPPORT THIS IMPORTANT BILL. IT IS IMPORTANT FOR US THAT WE WORK WITH OTHER STAKEHOLDERS AS WE DEVELOP LEGISLATION. I'M GOING TO QUICKLY GO THROUGH ANOTHER PRIORITY THAT WE HAVE. THIS IS SORT OF ANOTHER WAY WE TACKLE ISSUES IMPORTANT TO THE DEMENTIA COMMUNITY AND THAT'S THROUGH IMPROVING CARE. COMPREHENSIVE CARE FOR ALZHEIMERS ACT AS CENTER FOR MEDICARE MEDICAID INNOVATION WHICH IS UNDER CMS, WHICH CONTROLS MEDICARE, TO TEST DEMENTIA CARE MANAGEMENT MODEL TO IMPLEMENT COMPREHENSIVE CARE SERVICES FOR DEMENTIA. THIS IS JUST A SAMPLE AND NON-EXHAUSTIVE LIST OF SOME OF THE SERVICES PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA USE AND NEED. A LOT OF THESE FAMILIAR TO YOU, SOME MEDICAL, SOCIAL, CAREGIVER RELATED AND SO ON. THIS IS THE SAME LIST OF SERVICES, BUT WITH THOSE COVERED BY MEDICARE IN PURPLE. WAY THE CURRENT MEDICARE SYSTEM WORKS IS THROUGH A FEE FOR SERVICE OR ALA CART SYSTEM WHERE CLINICIAN FILLS SERVICES PROVIDE. SINCE EACH SERVICE IS PAID SEPARATELY, IT CAN BE HARD FOR CLINICIAN OR GROUP TO DELIVER THOSE SERVICES, THAT ARE COVERED IN A COMPREHENSIVE OR COORDINATED WAY. OF COURSE THEY CAN'T BILL FOR SERVICES NOT COVERED. SO WE ARE LOOKING TO CHANGE THAT SYSTEM AND THIS MAZE IS WHY. CURRENT DEMENTIA CARE IN FEE FOR SERVICE WORLD RESULTS IN FRAGMENTED CARE FOR PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA AND CAREGIVERS AN INCOMPLETE PATCH WORK OF REIMBURSEMENT FOR CLINICIANS. NO ONE'S NEEDS ARE BEING MET. WE CAN CONVENE AD WORK GROUP TO FIGURE HOW WE CAN BUILD OFF DEMENTIA CARE MANAGEMENT MODELS THAT ARE CURRENTLY BEING USED PAT PLACES LIKE UCLA, INDIANA UNIVERSITY, UCSF. TO CREATE ONE THAT COULD BE SCALED UP AND BE SOMETHING THAT WOULD WORK FOR ALL PLACES LARGE PHYSICIAN PRACTICE,, SMALL PRACTICES RURAL PRACTICES HEALTH SYSTEMS. THE WORK GROUP FIGURED OUT KEY ELEMENTS AND SERVICES THAT ARE NEEDED FOR DEMENTIA CARE MANAGEMENT MODEL TO PROVIDE QUALITY CARE AN REIMBURSEMENT. SO THESE ARE THE KEY ELEMENTS AND SERVICES. I WANT TO ALSO TOUCH ON STRATEGY BEHIND THIS BILL WE PUT TOGETHER THIS FRAMEWORK AND WE TOOK THIS FRAMEWORK BROUGHT IT TO CMMI. WE LOOK -- WE INTRODUCE PRIORITYS WE LOOK AT THIS FROM BOTH ADMINISTRATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL VIEW TO TRY TO FIGURE HOW BEST TO GET OUR WORK DONE. AND SO WE TOOK FRAMEWORK TO CMMI AND HAD A LOT OF REALLY GREAT DISCUSSIONS WITH THEM OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS. PROVIDING WITH ANALYSIS AND OPTIONS TO INCORPORATE THE MODEL INTO ALREADY EXISTING PAYMENT MODELS, OR AS STAND ALONE MODEL. WE ARE CONTINUING OUR ENGAGEMENT OF THEM. AT THE SAME TIME WE ARE LOOKING TO CONGRESS FOR THEIR LEADERSHIP. SHOWING A STRONG SUPPORT FOR THIS MODEL FROM CONGRESS THROUGH CO-SPONSORS THROUGH CONGRESS MOVING THE BILL, CMMI WILL BE ABLE TO SEE THAT INTEREST LEVEL AND WORK IT INTO THEIR PRIORITY. SO SIMILAR TO ENACT WE WERE STRATEGIC IN HOW WE DID OUTREACH FOR BILL SPONSORS. HERE LEAD SPONSORS OF THE BILL FROM MICHIGAN AND SHELLEY ON WEST VIRGINIA FROM THENATE, THEY HAVE BEEN BOTH BEEN LONG TIME CHAMPIONS LEADING ON IMPROVING HOPE FOR ALZHEIMERS ACT A PRIORITY LAST YEAR. SENATE STORE STABENOW IS ON THE FINANCE COMMITTEE WHICH HAS JURISDICTION OVER THE BILL AND SENATOR CAPITO IS ON THE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE. IN THE HOUSE THE BILL HAS JOINT JURISDICTION IN WAYS AN MEANS COMMITTEE AND THE ENERGY COMMERCE COMMITTEE. SO WE SELECTED MEMBERS FROM BOTH COMMITTEES, TO LEAD THIS BILL FOR US. SO FROM WAYS AND MEANS WE HAVE BRIAN HIGGINS FROM NEW YORK AND DARIN LA HOOD FROM ILLINOIS. WE HAVE PAUL TONKO NEW YORK AND BRETT GUTHRIE FROM KENTUCKY. NOTICE A PATTERN HERE WE WORK IN BIPARTISAN AND BICAMERA WAY SO WHEN INTRODUCING LEGISLATION, WE ARE LOOKING FOR A STRATEGY OF MOVING FORWARD, MOVING THE LEGISLATION FORWARD. ONE WAY TO DO THAT IS ATTACH ANOTHER PIECE OF LEGISLATION THAT MOVING AND WE HAVE DONE THAT BEFORE WITH PREVIOUS PRIORITY. THE OTHER OPTION IS MOVE STAND ALONE BILL SO WE CONTINUE TO HAVE THESE CONVERSATIONS WITH THE BILL SPONSORS AND COMMITTEE STAFF. RIGHT NOW WE HAVE OVER 100 CO-SPONSORS IN THE HOUSE AND 24 CO-SPONSORS IN THE SENATE, OVER LAST TEN MONTHS WE HAVE SEEN GREAT SUPPORT FOR MEMBERS OF THE CONGRESS, BUT WE HAVE ALSO HAD ENDORSEMENT OF OVER 70 AGING DEMENTIA ORGANIZATION, HEALTH SYSTEMS AND PRACTICERS WHO SIGN THEIR NAME THE A LETTER ENDORSING THIS LEGISLATION, THE GERONTO LOGICAL ASSOCIATION IN AMERICA, THE MILKIN INSTITUTE, ALLIANCE IMPROVE DEMENTIA CARE AND LEWY BODY DEMENTIA ASSOCIATION. SO THIS IS A QUICK SUMMARY, THE BILL ASKS CMMI DEMENTIA CARE MANAGEMENT MODEL TO TEST EFFECTIVENESS OF COMP HEN SUV CARE MANAGEMENT SERVICES. IT IS DESIGNED TO ETCH RADIOAS MANY MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES AS POSSIBLE AND ALSO INCLUDES A LOOK INTO CMMI LOOKING AT MEDICAID AND DUAL ELIGIBLE BENEFICIARIES. THERE IS A LITTLE ANIMATION. THIS IS WHAT THE DEMENTIA CARE THIS IS WHAT WE ENVISION THE SYSTEM WOULD LOOK LIKE IF THE DEMENTIA CARE MANAGEMENT MODEL IS IMPLEMENTED, STREAMLINE SERVICES. SORRY ABOUT THAT. CLEARLY NOT VERY GOOD AT SHARING MY SCREEN. SO I WANT TO VERY QUICKLY TELL YOU A LITTLE BIT HOW YOU CAN GET INVOLVED, ALL IMPACT.ORG IS OUR ONE STOP SHOP. THERE YOU CAN GET INFORMATION ON OUR KEY ISSUES YOU CAN TAKE ACTION ON A VARIETY OF TOPICS APPROPRIATIONS ENACT COMPREHENSIVE CARE, OTHER TIMELY ISSUES, I THINK SIMILAR TO SFN WE HAVE WHEN YOU CLICK ON IT AND CLICK TAKE ACTION, IT HAS PRE-WRITTEN EMAIL FOR YOU AND SOCIAL MEDIA AND YOU JUST LINK IT UP, IT WILL SEND THE NOTE TO YOUR TWO SENATORS AND YOUR MEMBER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. IT IS NICE EASY GREAT WAY TO FIRST BEGIN GETTING ENGAGED. YOU CAN SIGN UP WITH YOUR LOCAL CHAPTER WE HAVE CHAPTERS IN ALL 50 STATES TO BECOME AN ALZHEIMERS CONGRESSIONAL TEAM MEMBER SO THAT MEANS YOU ARE ASSIGNED TO A MEMBER OF CONGRESS AND YOU CAN MEET WITH THE MEMBER AND STAFF COUPLE OF TIMES A YEAR BECOME RESOURCE FOR THEM, USE SOCIAL MEDIA TO ENGAGE WITH THEM AND I BELIEVE THAT SUE WRONSKY WILL TALK MORE ABOUT THAT IN THE NEXT SESSION. BUT OUR WEBSITE ALSO HAS OUR FACT SHEETS INFO GRAPHICS, BACKGROUND DOCUMENTS, WE RYE TO MAKE AS EASY AS POSSIBLE. ALEX, THAT IS ALL ON MY END.. >> THAT WAS EXCELLENT. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THE DISCUSSION ON AIMS PRIORITIES, THAT WAS REALLY INSIGHTFUL. I'M ALSO CURIOUS TO LEARN A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT HOW ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION IS ABLE TO CONVINCE LEGISLATURES TO PRIORITIZE ALZHEIMERS DISEASE ADVOCATE FOR FUNDING IN THIS SPACE. >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION. I THINK ONE OF THE WAYS THAT ISN'T NECESSARILY BECAUSE OF US, IS BECAUSE SO MANY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ARE FEELING THIS WITHIN THEIR OWN FAMILIES AND FRIEND GROUPS RIGHT NOW. THAT ARE REALLY IS A ISSUE OF INTEREST TO THEM. THE BEST WAY THAT WE CONVINCE MEMBERS TO PRIORITIZE THIS IS THROUGH OUR ADVOCATES. WE HAVE ADVOCATES WHO ARE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA, WE HAVE ADVOCATES WHO LOST SOMEBODY FROM -- THAT WAS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA. WE HAVE CAREGIVERS YOU HAVE SCIENTISTS, WE HAVE GOT PEOPLE IN THE FIELD, WE HAVE GOT NURSE, WE HAVE GOT FOLKS THAT ARE WORKING ON ASSISTIVE LIVING FACILITIES, PEOPLE SHARING THEIR STORIES AN HUMANIZING THE STATISTICS AND HUMANIZING ALL THE STORIES THAT YOU HEAR. >> I COULDN'T SAY ENOUGH POSITIVE THINGS ABOUT THE THE CONGRESSIONAL TEAM AND WORKING DIRECTLY WITH SUE, I'M SURE SHE WILL COMMENT MORE ABOUT HER EXPERIENCE LATER ON AS WELL. SO NOW WE WILL OPEN THE FLOOR EPITO QUESTIONS FROM THE AUDIENCE. I THINK SRI HAD A QUESTION IF YOU ARE HERE IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO ASK YOUR QUESTION OTHERWISE I CAN ASK IT. >> HI, JEN. GREAT TALK FIRST, VERY INFORMATIVE, LEARNED NEW THINGS. I LIKE YOU TALKED ABOUT THE IDEA STUDY, I DON'T KNOW ALL DETAILS SO PERHAPS WE CAN COLLECT OFFLINE IF YOU HAVE A LETTER TO SEND ME ABOUT THAT. >> LOVE TO. >> GREAT. COINCIDENTALLY YESTERDAY I WAS APPROACHED BY A START UP IN THE AI SPACE THAT'S INTERESTED IN WORKING WITH ALZHEIMERS. SO IT IS A GREAT COINCIDENCE I MET WITH THEM, TALKED TO THEM YESTERDAY, YOU ARE ON THE CALL HERE TODAY. SO THAT'S AIN HAVE ANY INTEREST IN USING AI FOR EXAMPLE TO ACQUIRE PRELIMINARY DATA OR RUN STUDIES OR SOMETHING ALONG THOSE LINES? >> ONE OF THE GREATEST THINGS I THINK THE ASSOCIATION DOES IN RESEARCH FIELD THAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING WITH IDEA STUDY AND NEW IDEAS WHICH IS OUR IDEAS 2.0, IS THAT EVERY YEAR WE CONVENE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, THAT USUALLY BRINGS IN DURING PRE-COVID YEARS OVER 6,000 RESEARCHERS, OVER 90 COUNTRIES ACROSS THE WORLD ABLE THE SHARE THEIR RESEARCH. IN ADDITION TO THE PRESENTATIONS WE HAVE HALL FOR POSTER PRESENTATIONS WHERE FOLKS CAN SUBMIT THEIR LATEST RESEARCH AND WE HAVE AN EXHIBITION HALL WHERE COMPANIES CAN SHOW OFF NEW TECHNOLOGY. SO IT IS A GREAT PLACE FOR COMPANIES LIKE THE ONE YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT TO ENGAGE WITH RESEARCHERS WHO ARE FOCUSING ON THE WIDE VARIETY OF RESEARCH TOPICS MANY THE ALZHEIMERS AND DEMENTIA SPACE. >> ONE OF THE EARLY PREDICTORS O COGNITIVE DECLINE IN AD IS SPECIAL INVOLVEMENT IN -- AMYLOID IS A HUGE PROBLEM TIME YOU ARE ABLE TO EMERGE IT IT IS TOO LATE TO DO ANYTHING MEANINGFUL. SO I WONDERED IN YOUR PREVIOUS CONFERENCES THERE WERE ANY AI TEAM PRESENTATIONS OR PLENARY SESSIONS BECAUSE THERE WAS NONE THAT WOULD BE SOMETHING WE CAN DO TOGETHER AND PUT TOGETHER BECAUSE I KNOW QUIT A FEW PEOPLE IN THE AI SPACE. >> I WOULD LOVE TO -- ON THAT. >> PERFECT. THANK YOU. >> THANK YOU. >> THANK YOU, JEN FOR BEING HERE AGAIN. I THINK WE CAN TAKE A SHORT LIKE TWO MINUTE BREAK AND THEN COME BACK FOR THE LAST DISCUSSION. THANK YOU. >>THIS NEXT SESSION IS A PANEL DISCUSSION. FROM THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE FOR THE SESSION WE HAVE DR. LORI MCMAHON, KATIE GRADY AND CATH RIP BLOOM. FROM RESEARCH AMERICA WE ARE JOINED BY DR. SOPHIA KASKA AND SUE REPRESENTS THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION, AND THERE COLLEY AND JENNIFER BROWN WILL SPEAK ON BEHALF OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY NETWORK. I WILL ASK EACH PANELIST IF YOU CAN INTRODUCE YOURSELF AND SHARE A LITTLE BIT ABOUT YOUR BACKGROUND AND HOW YOU GOT INVOLVED IN YOUR RESPECTIVE ORGANIZATION, THAT WOULD BE GREAT. >> SO I CAN GO FIRST. SO I'M LORI MCMAHON, VICE PRESIDENT FOR RESEARCH AT THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, I STARTED IN THIS ROLE NOVEMBER 1, 2021, PRIOR TO THAT I SPENT MY CAREER AT UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM, I'M A NEUROSCIENCE PROFESSOR, I SERVED AS DEAN OF GRADUATE SCHOOL AT UAB AS WELL SO EDUCATION AND RESEARCH TO ME ARE SO TIED TOGETHER THEY CAN'T REALLY BE SEPARATED SO MY PASSION ABOUT GROWING THE NEXT GENERATION AND DOING NOVEL WORK AND MAKING DISCOVERIES AS A GREAT PASSION OF MINE AND ORIGINALLY FROM SOUTHERN ILLINOIS, I'M MOTHER OF THREE SONS AND TWO STEPSONS, MY HUSBAND IS ALSO SCIENTIST NOT A NEUROSCIENTIST BUT HE HAS A SMALL BIOTECH COMPANY. SO THAT IS A LITTLE BIT ABOUT ME. >> I'LL GO NEXT IF IT WORKS.. I HAVE TO START BY SAYING I FEEL LIKE THE BIGGEST IMPOSTER IN THE ROOM BECAUSE I AM ABSOLUTELY NOT A SCIENTIST. I'M ABSOLUTELY NOT A PUBLIC POLICY PROFESSIONAL I'M A WIFE, I'M A MOM, GRANDMOTHER OF TWO WONDERFUL GRAND KIDS, I'M A RUNNER, I'M A NEWS JUNKY, I'M A READER, MOST IMPORTANTLY TO THIS CONVERSATION I'M AND ADVOCATE, ON BEHALF OF THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION BACK IN 2004. MY MOM WAS DIAGNOSED, SHE WAS 63, I WAS 28 WITH THREE YOUNG KIDS. WE LOST OUT ON QUITE A BIT OF MY MOM'S ADULT LIFE BUT I BECAME ADVOCATE BECAUSE I KNEW WHAT IT MEANT TO BE A CAREGIVER AND DAUGHTER OF SOMEONE WHO HAD ALZHEIMERS DISEASE PLAIN AND SIMPLE. I HAD THE OPPORTUNITY BECAUSE OF MY ADVOCACY TO HAVE SOME REALLY MEANINGFUL IMPORTANT CONVERSATIONS WITH MY ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES. AND I THINK THAT IS THE BASIS OF ADVOCACY FOR ANY GROUP INTERESTED IN DOING IT. I WOULD P WE GET THE CHANCE, I WOULD LIKE TO TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTISTS BEING MT. ROOM, WHEN ADVOCACY IS NEEDED, IN THE MEANTIME THAT IS MY QUICK OVERVIEW AND I'M SO HONORED THAT IS A BAND ALEX INVITED ME TO BE HERE WITH Y'ALL TODAY. >> THANKS SO MUCH, SOPHIA, WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO NEXT? >> SURE, SANCTION, SAHBA, HI EVERYONE, MY NAME IS SOPHIA KASKA AND I'M MANAGER OF SCIENCE INITIATIVES AN OUTREACH AT RESEARCH AMERICA. RESEARCH AMERICA IS A MEDICAL AND HEALTH ADVOCACY NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION. SO AT MY ROLE AT RESEARCH AMERICA ONE OF THE THINGS I DO IS OVERSEE SPECIFIC MICROGRANT PROGRAM WHICH PROVIDE PROGRAM FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO SCIENCE POLICY GROUPS BY GRADUATE STUDENTS POST DOCS MED STUDENTS EARLY CAREER SCIENTISTS ALL OVER THE COUNTRY. ALSO SERVE ON THE SCIENCE POLICY COMMITTEE FOR MY PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY WHICH IS THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOLOGY. AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS AND IING ARELY SERVE AS A GUIDE FOR OUR WASHINGTON FELLOWS PROGRAM, I'M A NEUROPHARMACOLOGIST BY TRAINING, I EARNED A DUAL MAJOR Ph.D. AND PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AT MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY AND DID POST-DOCTORAL RESEARCH IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY. I'M PASSIONATE ABOUT SUPPORTING EARLY CAREER SCIENTISTS AND THEIR ENDEAVORS IN PURSUING POLICY AND ADVOCACY WORK. IT IS REALLY KIND OF AMAZING THAT I'M IN THIS ROLE AT RESEARCH AMERICA WHERE I CAN DO THAT. >> DR. SRI WOULD YOU LAKE TO GO NEXT? >> YES. MY STORY STARTED ABOUT 28 YEARS AGO. I'M A FIRST GENERATION IMMIGRANT FROM MY FAMILY, I HAVE BEEN SAN ANTONIO AT HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER IN 1997 FOR NEURORADIOLOGY FELLOWSHIP AND PLAN WAS TO COMPLETE THE FELLOWSHIP AND GO BACK TO INSTITUTION IN MY COUNTRY, THAT WAS RECRUITING A CHIEF OF NEURORADIOLOGY, THAT'S ALL I WANTED TO DO, THERE WERE NO PLANS TO STAY BACK, I JUST WANTED TO GET THAT ADDITIONAL TRAINING GET THAT NETWORK CONTEXT AND GO BACK BUT ONE THING LED TO ANOTHER AND WITHIN A FEW MONTHS OF MY ARRIVING MY WIFE WHO ALSO IS A PHYSICIAN SHOWED UP AGAINST MY WISHES OF COURSE.. SO HERE REWITH 27, 28 YEARS LATER. AFTER MY STINT AT SCIENCE CENTER SAN ANTONIO I MOVED THE M.D. ANDERSON CANCER CENTER IN HOUSTON BECAUSE I HAD A FAMILY MEMBER WHO PREVIOUSLY DIED OF CERVICAL CANCER. SO ONCOLOGY WAS ALWAYS FOCUS FOR ME. SO WITH MY BACKGROUND IN FUNCTIONAL MRA COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROONCOLOGY, IT WAS FANTASTIC TO BE WORKING AT ONE OF THE PREMIER INSTITUTIONS IN THE WORLD Z LIFE WAS GOING REALLY WELL UNTIL I HIRED A FAMILY SET BACK THAT THAT CAUSED ME TO TAKE SOME TIME OFF AND DECIDE THE OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS IN MY LIFE THAT I WANTED TO DO. THAT GAVE ME PERSPECTIVE BECAUSE I WAS ABLE TO UNDERSTAND I DIDN'T NECESSARILY CONTRIBUTE AS A PHYSICIAN OR SCIENTIST, THERE WERE OTHER DOMAIN THAT I COULD BE MAKE POTENTIALLY MORE MEANINGFUL CONTRIBUTIONS THAN AT THE BEDSIDE OR IN RESEARCH. FIRST INVOLVEMENT THERE WAS ACTUALLY GLOBAL HEALTH WITH GLOBAL HEALTH CONSORTIUM IN WASHINGTON. THE LARGEST GLOBAL HEALTH CONSORTIUM IN THE WORLD. IT'S GOT 33,000 MEMBERS AND OVER ABOUT 200 INSTITUTIONS. AND WITH THEM I HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN ADVOCACY EDUCATION RESEARCH AND SERVICE OVER THE LAST THREE OR FOUR YEARS, WHEN I JOINED THEM OF COURSE NOBODY KNEW THAT GLOBAL HEALTH WAS THIS IMPORTANT. BUT NOW PEOPLE COME BACK AND TELL ME THAT I HAD THE VISION TO GET INTO IT. BUT THAT'S NOT TRUE. SO I WANT TO COME FROM THAT. THE NATURAL EXTENSION OF THAT THEN BE GIVEN ALL MY INTEREST IN READING WRITING ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH WAS TO GET INTO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY. BECAUSE ONE OF THE AREAS I'M DEEPLY INTERESTED IN IS AI. EMERGING TECHNOLOGY AND A LOT OF RAMIFICATIONS IN HEALTHCARE SO IT MADE SENSE FOR ME TO GET INTO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY, THAT'S HOW INVOLVEMENT WITH NSPN WENT. IT HAS YOUNG PEOPLE SO I'M A GOLDING OLDY THERE BUT I SOMEHOW MANAGED TO FIT IN DOING THIS PRESENTATION TWO YOUNG PEOPLE ON THIS CALL. NSPN INVOLVEMENT IS ALSO BROADENED SOME OF THE HORIZONS, IN TERMS OF MY WORK WITH CONGRESS FOR EXAMPLE IN TERMS OF ADVOCACY. AND OF COURSE BECAUSE THERE IS A NATURAL COMPONENT OF POLICY INVOLVED BE THE NSPN. IT MAKES EASY TO PARTICIPATE IN THINGS LIKE WRITING ON EDS, PUBLISHING ARTICLES, SO ON SO FORTH. THE LAST THING I WANT TO LET YOU KNOW IS THAT MY EXPERIENCE SPANS INDUSTRY, I GET NON-PROFITS I AN ENTREPRENEUR GENERATOR HEART SO SOME OF MY RECENT INVOLVEMENTS HAVE BEEN GETTING SOME PRE-NBA COURSE WORK FROM BUSINESS SCHOOL SO HOPE TO GET INTO ANTHROPOLOGY SPATES WHICH IS WHY I ASKED -- SPACE WHICH IS WHY I ASKED DR. BARGMANN THIS MORNING WHETHER THERE IS AN OPPORTUNITY. SO IN SHORT HA IS ME. I LIVE IN -- IT IS A BEAUTIFUL PLACE, WE SHOULD SRI IS IT, IT IS HOT AND HAPPENING, THIS IS THE LAND OF THE (INAUDIBLE). THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> THANK YOU ALL SO MUCH. NOW WE WANT TO OPEN THE FLOOR UP FOR ANY QUESTIONS THAT HAVE COME UP ACROSS THE DIFFERENT SESSIONS TODAY OR ANY OTHER TOPICS, ANYONE WOULD LIKE TO DISCUSS, PLEASE USE THE RAISE HAND FUNCTION TO ASK YOUR QUESTION, ALEX AND I ARE GOING TO CALL ON PEOPLE IN THE ORDER THAT WE SEE ON THE SCREEN. IF YOU COULD PLEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF BEFORE ASKING YOUR QUESTION WE APPRECIATE IT. I SEE A RAISE HAND FROM SARANYA. >> MY NAME IS SARANYA POST DOC AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH AND PASSIONATE ABOUT SCIENCE ADVOCACY AND ALSO SCIENCE -- TRYING FOREIGN SCIENCE POLICY EVENTUALLY SO I HAVE A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS, MY FIRST ONE, THIS MIGHT BE MORE RELEVANT TO LORI, SO THERE WAS A DISCUSSION ABOUT DIFFERENT ASKS, WHEN YOU DO YOUR -- YOU ASK FOR CERTAIN BUDGET NUMBER AFTER DISCUSSION ASK FOR NIH OR NSF, SIMILAR DAYS ARE DONE BY OTHER SOCIETIES LIKE (INAUDIBLE) A LOT OTHER SOCIETIES. IS THAT CONSENSUS AMONG DIFFERENT SOCIETIES WHAT THE ASK IS. >> GREAT QUESTION. >> YEAH. >> GREAT QUESTION. YES, THERE IS. WE WANT TO HAVE A CONSISTENT ASK, SO WHAT FASEB ASKS FOR IS SAME WHAT SFN ASKS FOR AS FAR AS DOLLAR AMOUNT, THE IDEA IS IF WE HAVE A SINGLE ASK AND DECISION MAKERS UNDERSTAND WE ALL HAVE CONSENSUS, IT IS EASIER FOR THEM TO KNOW WHAT TO THINK ABOUT AND TO VOTE FOR. IF WE ALL GO IN WITH OUR SEPARATE ASKS FOR HOW MUCH MONEY THAT WE WANT, THE BUDGET INCREASE MANGES IT REALLY -- MAKES IT REALLY DIFFICULT FOR THEM. SO GREAT QUESTION. SFN HAS OUR OTHER PASSIONS AND ASKS AND EXAMPLE OF THAT IS THE SUPPORT FOR ANIMAL MODELS AND RESEARCH. >> THANK YOU. >> GREAT QUESTION. WE ARE DELAY WITH THAT THIS YEAR BECAUSE THE FOCUS AND THE WORRY WAS ON FISCAL YEAR 22. BUDGET AND FEDERAL FISCAL YEAR STARTS OCTOBER 1 AND NOW IT IS MARCH AND IT WAS JUST PASSED LAST WEEK. SO WE ARE SIX MONTHS INTO THE CURRENT FISCAL YEAR BEFORE WE HAD A BUDGET SO NOW IT IS KIND OF A SCRAMBLE TO GET EVERYTHING TOGETHER WITH WHAT OUR ASKS SHOULD BE FOR FISCAL YEAR 23. >> SO LOOK AT WHAT THE NUMBERS ARE. >> YEAH. NONE OF US WERE CERTAIN WHAT WOULD BE APPROVED IN FISCAL YEAR 22 BUDGET SO THAT MADE IT HARD TO KNOW WHAT THE ASK SHOULD BE FOR FISCAL YEAR 23. SO WILL IS WORKING HARD IN THESE DAYS LEADING UP TO HILL DAY AND MANY OF THE OTHER SOCIETIES HAVE HILL DAY DURING THE SAME TIME FRAME THAT THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE HAS THEIRS SO OUR CONGRESSMEN WILL BE GETTING THE SAME MESSAGE. >> THANK YOU. I HAVE A QUESTION FOR THE GROUP THEN SRI PLEASE FEEL FREE TO TAKE THE NEXT QUESTION. SO SCIENTISTS HAVE DEMANDS ON THEIR TIME. SO CURIOUS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGAGING IN SCIENCE ADVOCACY AS A TRAINING. >> HAPPY TO JUMP IN ON THAT. MAYBE YOU WERE DIRECTING AT SRI. I THINK AS RESEARCHERS ADVOCACY SHOULD HAPPEN AT ALL LEVELS AND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. AND AS I HAD MENTIONED DURING MY PRESENTATION AND THE QUESTIONS SESSION I THINK AS STUDENTS HAVE ALSO OF DEMANDS ON THEIR TIME AND THEY ARE TAKING COURSES AND THEY ARE TRYING TO DEVELOP THEIR DISSERTATIONS AND THEY HAVE THEIR QUALIFYING EXAM, SOMETIMES IT IS HARD TO FIT THIS EXTRA WORK IN SO FOR DIFFERENT STUDENTS IT IS COMING IN AT DIFFERENCE TIMES BUT I THINK I'M COURAGE STUDENTS AND POST-DOCS AND RESEARCHERS AT ALL LEVEL WE HAVE TO USE OR VOICES. IT IS REALLY IMPORTANT. IF IT IS NOT US THEN WHO. THE STUDENTS ARE THE NEXT GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS SO CAN'T WAIT UNTIL YOU ARE FULL PROFESSOR LIKE ME. TO START HAVING THESE CONVERSATIONS. STARTING SOONER THE BETTER. IN MY OPINION. >> I CAN ADD TO THAT, THAT WAS A GREAT ANSWER, ONE OF THE REASONS I ADVOCATE I TOOK THE REIGNS FROM MY DAD WHEN HE PASSED AWAY HE WAS A CAREGIVER FOR MY MOM FOR 11 YEARS AND EARLY IN MY MOM'S DISEASE MY DAD WAS CHALLENGED BY A CLOSE FRIEND OF HIS. HE SAID MARTY IF YOU DON'T DO IT WHO IS GOING TO DO IT, YOU ARE THE ONLY ONE THAT KNOWS ABOUT THIS. A LOT OF ALZHEIMERS ADVOCATES ARE CAREGIVERS SO TALK ABOUT SHORTNESS OF TIME, THERE IS NO TIME. WE -- IT IS THE 24 HOUR DAY, EVERYONE IS SHORT ON TIME. I CAN SPEAK FROM MY OWN EXPERIENCE AS NON-SCIENCE ADVOCATE AS AND ADVOCATE MORE ROLE OF CAREGIVER, SOME OF MY MOST MEANINGFUL AND EFFECTIVE MEETINGS, THAT INCLUDES ONE JUST A FEW YEARS AGO WITH SAHBA AND COLLEAGUE GABRIELLEA INVOLVE HAVING SCIENTISTS IN THE ROOM. OUR LEGISLATORS HEARING FROM US IS VERY IMPORTANT AND HEARING OUR STORIES IS VERY IMPORTANT. US BEING ABLE TO CONNECT OUR STORIES, TO WHAT RESEARCHERS ARE DOING THE LAST THING AN ALZHEIMERS ADVOCATE WANTS TO HEAR IS FUNDING IS BEING CUT BECAUSE RESEARCHERS DON'T HAVE -- RESEARCHERS DON'T HAVE JOBS. WE DO NOT WANT TO HEAR THAT. SO WE ARE GOING TO BUILD ON YOUR NEEDS AND YOUR GOING TO BE ABLE TO BUILD ON OUR STORIES. MANY -- IT IS JUST PAIRING OF THE TWO IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN YOU CAN IMAGINE. >> I HAVE A FAMILY MEMBER WHO PASSED FROM ALZHEIMERS DISEASE SO LISTEN TO YOUR STORY RESONATE WITH ME, THAT WAS MY GRANDMOTHER. THE FACT THAT WOMEN ARE AT HIGHER RISK FOR ALZHEIMERS DISEASE IS CONCERN FOR ALL THE WOMEN OF COURSE BUT ALL THE MEN WHO HAVE MOTHERS AND SISTERS AND AUNTS AND GRAND MOTHERS SO IT IS A CONCERN FOR ALL OF US. I DO HAVE AN ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH PROGRAM IN MY LABORATORY, I'M AN ANIMAL MODEL RESEARCHER, U HAVE A GRANT FROM NIA I TREASURE WE HAVE AN ALZHEIMERS DISEASE RAT MODEL AND TALENTED WOMEN RIGHT NOW IN MY LAB WHO WERE WORKING FURIOUSLY TO TRY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS GOING ON. EARLY IN THE DISEASE. >> THANK YOU FOR WHAT YOUR TEAM IS DOING AND WHICH LOVE TO HAVE THEM JOIN US ON OUR HILL DAY COMING UP. >> ON THAT NOTE, COULD OUR PANELISTS COMMENT ON SOME LOW BARRIER TO ENTRY LESS TIME INTENSIVE OPPORTUNITIES TO BECOME ADVOCATE? >> I AM GOING TO TOUCH UPON THAT AS WELL, ESPECIALLY HAVING FINISHED MY POST DOC LAST YEAR IN BEING MORE RECENTLY IN THAT SPACE. SO AS WE ALL KNOW RESEARCH CAN TAKE UP A LOT OF OUR TIME. AND SOMETIMES TAKE UP OUR SLEEP TOO. BUT THERE ARE LOT OF THINGS YOU CAN DO ON YOUR OWN TIME ENGAGING ON SOCIAL MEDIA, LOW BARRIER TO ENTRY. SO BECOMING ACTIVE ON TWITTER ENGAGING WITH YOUR LOCAL COMMUNITY THAT WAY, ENGAGING WITH YOUR MEMBERS OF CONGRESS THAT WAY, THINGS YOU CAN DO WITH YOUR FINGERTIPS IN FRONT OF YOUR COMPUTER. SOMETIMES GETTING OUT INTO THE COMMUNITY AND PARTICIPATING IN EVENTS THAT ARE HAPPENING. ENGAGING IN -- SO GOING TO EVENTS THAT OTHER GROUPS PLAN TO DO SCIENCE OUTREACH IS ALSO REALLY GRATE WAY TO ENGAGE AND BUILD UP YOUR ADVOCACY SKILLS. SOME OTHER THINGS YOU CAN DO THAT AREN'T TIME INTENSIVE AND THINGS YOU CAN DO ON YOUR OWN TIME IS TO WRITE BLOGS AND ON EDS. THESE ARE THINGS THAT DON'T HAVE TO HAPPEN IMMEDIATELY, YOU CAN SPEND TEN, 15 MINUTES PER DAY WORKING ON SOMETHING LIKE THIS AND FIND SOMEWHERE TO PUBLISH IT. SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO FLY TO WASHINGTON D.C. HOP ON ZOOM FOR MEETING WITH MEMBER OF CONGRESS IF THAT MAKES YOU NERVOUS. THERE ARE OTHER THINGS YOU CAN DO FOR ADVOCACY. >> I WILL CHIME IN QUICKLY AND KATHERINE IF YOU WANT TO ADD TO THIS. SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE HAS LANGUAGE ALREADY AVAILABLE THAT YOU CAN JUST BORROW ALZHEIMERS SOCIETY YOU HEARD THAT AD TODAY THERE IS LANGUAGE ALREADY AVAILABLE THAT YOU CAN USE QUICKLY SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO SIT AT YOUR COMPUTER KEYBOARD AND THINK NOW WHAT DO I SAY. I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU THE LOOK FOR THOSE RESOURCES, DOWNLOAD THEM, PUT THEM IN AN EMAIL AND SEND THEM SO KATHERINE YOU WANT TO ADD TO THAT. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, YOU TOUCHED ON THAT EARLIER IN YOU ARE YOU PRESENTATION. SFN OFFERS ADVOCACY ACTION CENTER. AS LORI MENTIONED EARLIER IS PRE-WRITTEN MESSAGE YOU CAN SEND TO YOUR FEDERAL LEGISLATORS IN THE SENATE AND HOUSE. ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS ENTER YOUR ADDRESS AND AUTOMATICALLY POPS UP WHO YOUR FEDERAL LEGISLATORS ARE. YOU ARE WELCOME TO PERSONALIZE THE MESSAGE TO INCLUDE STUFF ANT ABOUT YOUR OWN RESEARCH AND WHY FEDERAL FUNDING IS IMPORTANT. WE ENCOURAGE OUR MEMBERS, EVERYONE TO CHECK THAT RESOURCE OUT BECAUSE IT IS SIMPLE, LIKE YOU WERE JUST TALKING ABOUT, DOES NOT TAKE TIME BECAUSE THE MESSAGES ARE ALREADY PRE-WRITTEN FOR YOU, THAT IS GREAT RESOURCE WE OFFER. SO I CAN PUT THE LINK TO OUR ACTION CENTER IN THE CHAT AND WE HOPE THAT YOU WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IT. >> THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION HAS A TEXT TO ACTION AND IT REALLY COULDN'T BE EASIER, YOU GET A TEXT WE DO IT BOTH FEDERAL AND STATE LEVEL WE HAVE OUR MARYLAND, I LIVE IN STATE OF MARYLAND AND WE HAD OUR ADVOCACY WEEK, AND DURING ANY BILLS THAT CAME UP DIALING WITH ALZHEIMERS OR DEMENTIA ISSUES, WE HAVE A TEXT ALERT. SERIOUSLY WHAT KATHERINE SAID, YOU JUST -- YOU CLICK THE LINK, IT FILLS IN YOUR INFORMATION. AT THE SATE STATE LEVEL I HEARD BACK DIRECTLY IN A TWEET FROM LEGISLATOR SAYING HEY SUE THANKS IT WAS GOOD TO MEET YOU LAST WEEK KIND OF THING. IT GETS MORE INFORM MALL LOCAL LEVEL BUT YOU -- THEY READ THEM, IT MAKES A DIFFERENCE. >> SO I WANT TO ADD TO ALL THE WONDERFUL COMMENTS THAT PANELISTS MADE. THE FIRST I GOT INVOLVED IN ADVOCACY WAS BASICALLY FOLLOWING LOCAL CONGRESSMAN'S INSTALLER, I SUBSCRIBE TO THAT SO I CAN GET UNDERSTANDING WHAT THE ISSUES ARE THAT DRIVES MY LOCAL CONGRESSMAN AND SENATORS SO THERE'S ALWAYS A TOOL AND CONTACT FORM ON THE WEB PAGE ALLOWS YOU -- THERE'S ALSO A DROP DOWN MENU THAT ALLOWS YOU TO PICK ON THE ISSUE YOU WANT TO TALK TO THEM ABOUT, AND USUALLY WHEN YOU PUT IN A DETAILED MESSAGE THERE, THAT LETS THEM KNOW YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT YOU U RECEIVE A FORMAL RESPONSE OR -- THAT'S MY EXPERIENCE. SOMETIMES WHEN CONGRESS IS IN SESSION AND AND SENATORS ARE IN WASHINGTON YOU WILL NOT HEAR BACK BUT NOT UNUSUAL TO GET FEEDBACK SOMETIMES A COUPLE OF MONTHS DOWN THE ROAD BUT ONCE YOU ESTABLISHED THAT MECHANISM AND EMAIL THEM A FEW TIMES THEY KNOW THERE IS ENGAGED CONSTITUENT, MOST OFTEN YOU RECEIVE A FORMAL LETTER ON CONGRESSIONAL LETTER HEAD FROM YOUR CONGRESSMAN AND POTENTIALLY FOLLOW-UP. SO THAT IS THE FIRST WAY I STARTED DOING THAT. TWO OTHER THINGS I WANT TO POINT OUT, COUPLE OF RESOURCES, THERE A NICE NEW RESOURCE CALLED POP VOP WHICH I THINK IS PLAY ON VOX, THE PEOPLE, IT IS A TOOL FROM THE SOMEWHERE IN THE BAY AREA, SO SOME KIND OF START UP BUT WHAT I LIKE ABOUT THAT TOOL IS YOU CAN SEE DETAIL BIO OF CONGRESSIONAL PEOPLE, ALL THE ISSUES, DIRECTLY FROM THAT INTERFACE YOU GET TO UNDERSTAND WHAT DRIVES THAT PARTICULAR CONGRESSMAN, WHAT IS THE VOTING RECORD, WHAT ISSUES ARE DEAR TO THEM, HAVE THEY CHANGED ANY ROADS IN THE PAST, BLAH BLAH BLAH SO I FOUND THAT INCREDIBLY USEFUL U. I HAVE DONE ACTION ALERTS TOO, SO SEND ME SOMETHING I COPY PASTE AND SEND IT. BUT TO BE HONEST, I FOUND THE POPVOX TO TAKE THAT GAME TO THE NEXT LEVEL. SO I LIKE THAT. THE OTHER THING THAT SOPHIA MADE ABOUT ON EDS, THEY ARE ON SEVERAL TRAINING WEBINARS AND WORKSHOPS SO IF YOU ARE SOMEONE WHO LIKES TO WRITE AND INTERESTED IN WRITING OP EDS I SUGGEST YOU GET INVOLVED WITH THE OP ED PROJECT. IT IS A NICE TOOL. LASTLY I HAD A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS FOR LORI BECAUSE SHE IS INVOLVED IN ADVOCACY. SO IN TERMS OF ASK MECHANISM, WHAT ASK MECHANISM HAVE YOU FOUND TO BE THE MOST BENEFICIAL? SEVERAL WAYS TO ASK BUT IN YOUR EXPERIENCE WHERE HAVE YOU RECEIVED THE MOST POSITIVE FEEDBACK. THAT IS ONE QUESTION. SECOND IS, DO YOU SUBSCRIBE TO THEORY OF INDIVIDUAL ADVOCACY OR GROUP ADVOCACY? WHAT IS YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH THAT? >> BOTH GREAT QUESTIONS. TO MOST THE MOST EFFECTIVE IS A PERSONAL CONVERSATION. AND SO THAT THE STAFF AND REPRESENTATIVES AND SENATORS CAN HEAR THE PASSION IN OUR VOICES AND EXPRESSION ON OUR FACES THAT IS WHY PARTICIPATION IN HILL DAY IS SO IMPORTANT. SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE PUTS SO MUCH TIME AND EFFORT INTO THAT ANNUAL EVENT AND I KNOW OTHER SOCIETIES DO TOO. SO DEVELOPING THAT PERSONAL CONNECTION FACE TO FACE AND ON ZOOM PAST COUPLE OF YEARS THEY CAN STILL HEAR THAT PASSION IN OUR VOICES AND EXPRESSION IN OUR FACES, TO ME THAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE, THAT DOESN'T MEAN THE LETTERS AND THE EMAILS GET IGNORED. THEY ARE READ AS WELL. HEARING THE VOICE I THINK THAT IS WHERE I HAVE SEEN THE MOST SUCCESS PERSONALLY WHEN I HAD PERSONAL CONVERSATIONS, WITH LEGISLATURE, THEY REMEMBER ME. SO THEN THE FACT THEY REMEMBER ME THEY LISTEN TO WHAT I SAID. I THINK ADVOCACY AND GROUPS ALSO SINGLES TOO, THEY HAVE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF IMPACT. SO I THINK BOTH STRATEGIES ARE EFFECTIVE. >> THANK YOU, LORI. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, LORI AND SUE, CAN YOU COMMENT AND SHARE ABOUT THE NATURE OF DAY ON THE HILL? SFN AND ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION HOSTS? >> SURE I WILL GO FIRST. WE HAVE OUR DAY ON THE HILL EVERY YEAR WE UNFORTUNATELY WE MISSED IT COMPLETELY IN 2020 AND LAST YEAR WE DID EVERYTHING VIRTUALLY. LIKE LORI SAID IS A LITTLE MORE CHALLENGING. THEY CAN STILL LEGISLATORS CAN HEAR YOUR VOICE AND SEE YOUR EMOTION BUT IT IS -- IT IS A LOT BETTER WHEN YOU ARE ABLE TO GET THERE IN PERSON. WE ANNUALLY HAVE OUR ADVOCACY FORUM, OUR AIM ADVOCACY FORUM WHICH IS A THREE DAY EVENT, AND THE FIRST TWO DAYS ARE A LOT OF SESSIONS GETTING READY FOR OUR DAY ON THE HILL. SO IT IS A LOT OF TRAINING. IT IS A LOT OF INFORMATION. BUT WE LEARN ABOUT THE ASKS WE ARE ABOUT TO MAKE WE USUALLY HAVE ASK FOR FEDERAL RESEARCH AT NIH AND THEN LEGISLATION THAT JEN WAS TALKING ABOUT DURING HER PRESENTATION. SO WE HAD A FEW DAYS OF LEARNING ABOUT THE ISSUES, AND OF INTERACTING AND NETWORKING WITH EACH OTHER. AND THEN WE HAVE OUR DAY ON THE HILL WHEN WE CAN TAKE A CAB OR YOU CAN WALK OR YOU CAN TAKE A BUS AT THE CAPITOL HILL AND WE HAVE -- WE ARE WEARING PURPLE SASHES AND THE ASSOCIATION TAKES CARE, THEY HAVE A SCHEDULING CONSULTANT FIRM THEY TAKE CARE OF DOING ALL OF OUR APPOINTMENTS FOR US. IF WE CAN'T MAKE ONE IF WE ARE LATE, WE ARE GOING TO HAVE IN PERSON DAY THIS YEAR, IT IS GOING TO BE A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT JUST BECAUSE NOT JUST SECURITY MEASURES ON THE HILL BUT COVID MEASURES ON THE HILL. SO IT WILL BE DIFFERENT THIS YEAR. BUT WE JUST BASICALLY GET -- WE HAVE A COUPLE OF DAYS OF SESSIONS AND EDUCATION. AND WHEN WE GET INTO OUR HILL OFFICE LEGISLATIVE VISITS WE ARE REALLY FORTUNATE IF WE GET TO MEET WITH THE ACTUAL LEGISLATOR THAT'S GOTTEN HARDER OVER THE YEARS BECAUSE THEY KEEP BUSY UP THERE. BUT WE HAVE ALSO GOTTEN TO KNOW THE HEALTH LEGISLATIVE AIDS WELL AND LOOK FORWARD TO US COMING BACK AND YOU LEARN QUICKLY THAT THE WORK OF CONGRESS IS NOT JUST DONE BY THE ELECTED OFFICIALS BUT BY ALL STAFF. THEY WORK REALLY HARD. AND THEY ASK GREAT QUESTIONS. SO THAT IS JUST KIND OF A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF WHAT OUR THAT AS SOMEONE WHO IS PARTICIPATED ON GLOBAL HEALTH CAPITOL HILL DAYS NUMBER OF TIMES. NOT IN PERSON UNFORTUNATELY BECAUSE I GOT INVOLVED IN GLOBAL HEALTH AFTER THE PANDEMIC HIT. TRADITIONALLY WHEN YOU DO THOSE CALLS YOU MEET A LEGISLATIVE ASSISTANT OR LEGISLATIVE CORRESPONDENT BUT IF YOU GET LUCKY SOMETIMES THERE WILL BE SOMEBODY HIGHER UP IN THE FOOD CHAIN LIKE POLICY HEALTH ADVISOR SO ONE THING I DO BEFORE I GET ON THE CALL, IN ADDITION TO THESE QUEUES WE ARE GOING TO TALK -- ISSUES WE TALK ABOUT I TRY TO READ UP USING RESOURCES LIKE -- THAT GIVES YOU DETAILS ABOUT THE BACKGROUNDS AND ALL THAT, AND TRY TO MAKE A CONNECTION ON THAT FIRST COURT BECAUSE WHEN YOU MAKE THE CONNECTION YOUR ISSUE BECOME AS LITTLE MORE IMPORTANT TO THEM BECAUSE THEY FIELD THESE CALLS EMAILS LETTERS ALL THE TIME THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR THEM TO DISTINGUISH WHO YOU ARE, WHAT YOU ARE INTERESTED IN, IF YOU DON'T MAKE THAT EXTRA EFFORT. SO THAT'S POINT NUMBER ONE. IN TERMS OF PREPARING FOR THE ASKS, IT IS USUALLY NICE TO HAVE A ONE PAGER ESPECIALLY IF YOU ARE IN A ZOOM CALL, WITH SOME VERY HIGHLY SPECIFIC BULLETED POINTS THAT YOU WILL TAKE UP WITH THEM WHEN YOU ARE ON THE CALL, AND THEN IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE CALL WHAT YOU DO IS SEND THEM THAT ONE PATIENT, SAY HEY IT WAS ME I WAS WITH YOU ON THE ZOOM CALL HERE IS ONE PAGE YOU WANTED TO TALK ABOUT, THIS IS ALL MY CONTACT INFORMATION IF THERE IS ANYTHING FURTHER YOU WANT, I HAVE A WEALTH FULL OF DOCUMENTS I CAN SEND YOU, BUT JUST BEING KIND AND SO PLEASE FEEL FREE TO REACH OUT AND IF YOU WOULD LIKE ME TO GO TO LOCAL OFFICE, WHERE YOUR OFFICE IS, I CAN ALWAYS MEET THAT CALL. SO THAT'S POINT NUMBER TWO. THE THIRD THING IS USUALLY ALL THESE CALLS ARE VERY HIGH ENERGY AND ENTHUSIASM BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS ALL THE POST CALL FOLLOW-UP ACTIONS THAT YOU TAKE. WE JUST DO THE CALL, EVERYTHING YOU SAID SAY YES, IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO SIT ON THEM AFTER THE CALL, MAKE SURE THAT YOU GET THIS DONE. BECAUSE PRIORITIES CHANGE POLITICAL ALIGNMENTS CHANGE, FUNDING CHANGE, THERE'S ALWAYS AN ELECTION CYCLE TO WORRY ABOUT AND THEN ON TOP OF IT, WE HAVE THINGS LIKE THE COVID PANDEMIC. SO IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO HAVE A DEDICATED POST FOLLOW-UP ACTION PLAN ONCE YOU GET INTO THE ADVOCACY DOMAIN.S THAT MY EXPERIENCE OVER THE LAST THREE OR FOUR YEARS. >> I WILL ADD ONE OTHER POINT TO THIS. I MENTION I THINK IT WAS DURING MY PRESENTATION AND THE QUESTIONS ABOUT MAKING VIDEOS, IF YOU CAN'T GO IN PERSON AND IF YOU CAN'T GET ON ZOOM YOU CAN MAKE A VIDEO. AND USE YOUR CELL PHONE AND HAVE YOUR PASSIONS CLEARLY ARTICULATED. AND YOU CAN EVEN VIDEO SOME OF YOUR PEERS DOING RESEARCH, IF YOU WANT TO DO A VIDEO LAB TOUR I HAVE FOUND THAT TO BE REALLY EFFECTIVE FOR ALL KINDS OF PEOPLE INCLUDING FAMILY MEMBERS. THAT DON'T FULLY UNDERSTAND WHAT I DO. SO I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU TO USE THAT AS ADDITIONAL WAY TO COMMUNICATE TO YOUR DECISION MAKERS. AND ONE OTHER POINT THAT I MY MANY PEOPLE ARE UNAWARE, MOST UNIVERSITIES MOST R 1 UNIVERSITIES THEY PUT TOGETHER A FEDERAL AGENDA. THEIR OWN ASKS. SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE WE HAVE OUR ASKS WE COLLABORATE WITH OTHER SOCIETIES, TO MAKE SURE WE ARE IN ALIGNMENT THAT INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTIONS HAVE THEIR OWN PRIORITIES. OFTEN RESEARCH R 1 INSTITUTIONS PRESIDENT OR VICE PRESIDENT FOR RESEARCH MAY GO TO THE HILL AND HAVE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT THEIR SPECIFIC ASKS. I WOULD ENCOURAGE ALL OF YOU TO INQUIRE AT YOUR INSTITUTION, WHAT IS IN THE FEDERAL ASK. SO THAT YOU ARE AWARE OF WHAT IS GOING ON. AT YOUR INSTITUTION AND IT IS A GOOD IDEA TO LET YOUR PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE KNOW THAT YOU ARE ENGAGED AND THAT YOU ARE ENGAGING. SO THAT THEY AREN'T BLIND SIDED AND IT IS KIND OF A PROFESSIONAL COURTESY TO LET THEM KNOW THAT HEY I'M GOING TO BE ENGAGING IN THIS WAY, ACTIVATING MY RIGHT AS A CONSTITUENT IN MY SPACE TO REACH OUT TO THE LEGISLATURE. >> I WAS GOING TO SAY THESE HILL DAYS PARTICIPATING IN EXISTING HILL DAYS THROUGH DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS, I THINK ANOTHER LOW BARRIER TO ENTRY OPPORTUNITY. FOR THOSE WHO MIGHT BE INTERESTED. I AD HAD A FOLLOW-UP QUESTION FOR SUE. I DON'T WANT TO CUT YOU OFF. >> THE OTHER THING I WANT TO POINT OUT IS USUALLY THESE ASKS THAT ONE PAGE SHEET GIVEN AT THE LAST MINUTE, YOU HAVE 24 OR 48 HOURS TO DIGEST THAT ASK AND GET LEVEL OF PROFICIENCY, SO WHEN YOU MAKE THE CALL YOU ARE NOT TALKING OFF A SHEET, APPEAR NATURAL AND SOMEONE WHO KNOW IT IS SUBJECT MATTER. SO THAT SOMETIMES IS A CHALLENGE ESPECIALLY LOTS OF NUMBERS FIVE OR TEN ASKS, SO ONE OF THE WAYS I HAVE LEARNED OVER THE YEARS TO CIRCUMVENT THAT IS AAAS FOR EXAMPLE RUNS A POLICY MAKERS WORKSHOP I FOUND USEFUL BECAUSE IT TELLS YOU HOW THE WHOLE SYSTEM WORKS SO YOU DON'T GET INTIMIDATED ON THE CALL, WITH CONGRESSMEN OR SOMEBODY IN OFFICE. YOU KNOW WHAT LYNNGO THEY TALK AND HOW THE APPROACH THE SUBJECT NUMBER ONE. TWO IS IF YOU GET A GOOD UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE BUDGETARY PROCESS WORKS, WHEN YOU ARE TALKING ALL THOSE NUMBERS, YOU CAN BRING TO YOUR VICE A PASSION AND AUTHORITY YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO, IF YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND HOW THAT WORKS SO SOME LOW LEVEL PARDON ME FOR SAYING THAT, LOW LEVEL NEWLY JOINED LEGISLATIVE AID WILL TALK TO YOU LIKE HE OR SHE IS EXPERT IN THAT DOMAIN AND YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT. BUT IF YOU GET PAST THAT BARRIER AND JUST SAY TOM OR -- I NEED TO TALK TO YOUR CHIEF OF STAFF, OR NEED TO TALK TO HEALTH POLICY FROM SO AND SO, I KNOW THE NUMBERS, I LIKE TO GET SOMEBODY HIGHER UP IN THE FOOD CHAIN. MOST OFTEN THAT LEVEL OF AUTHORITY AND SERIOUSNESS YOU WILL GO UP IN THAT FOOD CHAIN. THOSE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO MAKE THE DECISIONS AND SO PEOPLE AND NAMES THAT I WANTED TO POINT OUT, ONE IS ELLEN HEAT OFFICE OF AAAS, THE OTHER IS MACK HALAHAN OFFICE OF AAAS GOVERNMENT MACK WAS INVOLVED IN FEDERAL BUDGETARY PROCESS A NUMBER OF YEARS, HE KNOW IT IS ONE MORE THAN PROBABLY ANYBODY ELSE IN THIS COUNTRY DOES. SO HE IS A GREAT RESOURCE IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE TO OBTAIN THE WORKSHOP, HE'S WORKING WITH DOCUMENT AND RESOURCE US TO HELP YOU PREPARE. SO THOSE ARE COUPLE OF THINGS I WANTED TO POINT OUT. >> THANKS SO MUCH, SRI. SUE, YOU ALLUDED IN YOUR INTRODUCTION TO THE IMPORTANCE OF VOICE OF SCIENTIST IN THESE ADVOCACY EFFORTS, I WAS WONDERING IF YOU CAN COMMENT MORE GIVEN MAJORITY OF ATTENDEES ARE NEUROSCIENTISTS. >> YOU GUYS ARE MY ROCK STARS BECAUSE SERIOUSLY, WHEN YOU ARE A CAREGIVER FOR SOMEONE WITH ALZHEIMERS DISEASE, ANY SERIOUS FATAL ILLNESS, IT IS YOUR SOMETIMES GRASPING AT STRAWS AND YOU CAN GET INTO DESPERATE MOMENTS. FOR ME HAVING THE OPPORTUNITY JUST MYSELF OF MEETING RESEARCHERS AND SCIENTISTS, IT GIVES ME HOPE, IT GIVES ME A GREAT DEAL OF HOPE, JEN POLLACK TALKED ABOUT THE ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL ALZHEIMERS CONFERENCE HELD EVERY YEAR. IT WAS IN WASHINGTON D.C. A FEW YEARS AGO AND I WAS ABLE TO VOLUNTEER AS GREETER WHEN PEOPLE CAME IN GIVING DIRECTIONS. I TOLD YOU I'M NOT A SCIENTIST SO I WAS ABLE -- THAT WAS A JOB I WAS ABLE TO DO WITH ALL THESE AMAZING BRAINS FROM AROUND THE WORLD. I WAS IN AWE AS I WAS WATCHING THESE FOLKS COME IN AND READING THEM AND IT OCCURRED TO ME THAT ONE OF THESE FOLKS COULD FIND -- THE ONE THAT'S GOING TO DEVELOP TREATMENT FOR ALZHEIMERS DISEASE. IT IS HUMBLING, TO KNOW THERE'S PEOPLE OUT THERE WORKING SO HARD IN THIS FIELD AND THAT OUR PASSIONATE ABOUT IT, THIS IS SOMETHING YOU WANT TO DO. THIS IS YOUR CAREER. THIS IS WHAT YOU HAVE BEEN DREAMING OF DOING WHETHER IN FIELD OF ALZHEIMERS AND DEMENTIA OR ANOTHER SCIENCE. SO WE ARE RELYING ON YOU, AS THE SCIENCE, WE HAVE A TAG LINE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION THAT WE ARE THE BRAINS BEHIND SAVING YOUR BRAIN. BUT YOU ARE BRAINS BEHIND ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION, WE ARE FUNDING YOU, SO THAT YOU CAN FIND ANSWERS FOR US. SO I THINK JUST BASED -- TO DIRECT TO YOUR QUESTION SAHBA, WHEN WE COME IN AS ADVOCATE AND WE HAVE MOVING STORIES, I -- IT WAS MY MOM WHO HAD ALZHEIMERS DISEASE, THERE ARE LITERALLY ADVOCATES OF OLDER FOLKS WHO HAVE A CHILD IN THEIR 40s DIAGNOSED WITH ALZHEIMERS DISEASE, WITH YOUNGER ONSET. SO SOME PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMERS DISEASE HAVE LIVING ELDERLY PARENTS, YOU CAN SOMETIMES CAN'T GET -- IT IS HARD TO IMAGINE WHAT SOME FOLKS ARE GOING THROUGH. YOU GET INTO THIS ROOM AND TALK YOUR STORIES, AND WE ARE ABLE TO SAY WE HAVE SAHBA, ALEX AND GABRIELLE AND ALL ON THIS CALL AND YOU ARE ABLE TO TALK SPECIFICALLY ABOUT WHAT YOU CAN DO WITH THE RESEARCH DOLLARS WE ARE ASKING FOR. ON BEHALF OF LOVED ONES. SO IT IS LIKE I SAID IT IS A POWERFUL, JUST A POWERFUL TEAM. EVERYTHING THAT SRI JUST SAID ABOUT RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO ADVOCATES IS ABSOLUTELY TRUE. I HI THE ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION IN DOES A WONDERFUL JOB OF TRAINING OUR ADVOCATES ESPECIALLY DURING THE ANNUAL FORUM. I WILL ALSO SAY THAT IF THIS PERSON CAN GO, I HAVE LITERALLY HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO SIT AT A TABLE WITH A SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. BECAUSE OF MY ADVOCACY WORK. IN A MILLION YEARS IF YOU ASKED WHEN MY MOM WAS DIAGNOSED IF THAT WAS SOMETHING THAT HAPPENED I WOULD SAY YOU WERE CRAZY. BUT THAT'S WHAT USING -- WHERE USING MY VOICE HAS GOTTEN ME. WITH ALL THAT Y'ALL ARE DOING AND YOUR DEDICATING YOUR LIVES AND CAREERS TO SCIENCE, AND TO FINDING ANSWERS, LIKELY IS A SAID, OR LORI EXCUSE ME, SAID IF NOT YOU THEN WHO? ASSOCIATION YOU GET YOU ARE INVOLVED WITH, WILL -- IF YOU ARE CONCERNED ABOUT USING YOUR VOICE, NERVOUS IN ANY WAY, I DON'T KNOW SAHBA MAYBE YOU SHOULD TALK YOUR OWN EXPERIENCE WITH US THAT DAY ON THE HILL BECAUSE YOU CAN DO IT. AND YOUR VOICES ARE GO IMPORTANT FOR OUR LEGISLATORS TO HEAR. THEY ASK US WHAT ARE WE SPEND THIS MONEY ON? WHAT IS IT USED FOR? IF WE HAVE YOU IN THE ROOM SAYING I FINISH THIRD DEGREE PROJECT OR I DID THIS, ONE THING THAT MY ASSOCIATION IS WORKING WITH, THAT -- THOSE ARE THE ANSWERS THAT ARE OUR ELECTED OFFICIALS NEED AND WANT TO HEAR. >> I WANT TO ADD ONE POINT, VERY IMPORTANT POINT BECAUSE IT COMPASSES ALL THE OTHER IMPORTANT WE DISCUSS. IT IS A POINT THAT SUE MADE. WHATEVER YOUR TRAINING WHATEVER EXPERTISE WHATEVER YOUR OTHER SKILLS ALL THOSE THINGS NOTHING WILL BRING THAT PASSION AND AUTHENTICITY TO YOUR VOICE LIKE IF YOU HAVE A PERSONAL STORY TO TELL. YOU MAY BE HAVING HANDICAPS IN SOME OF THOSE OTHER AREAS BUT IF YOU HAVE A STORY YOU HAVE GONE THROUGH THAT EXPERIENCE, YOU WILL BE THE BEST PERSON TO CAPTURE THAT AND BRING IT TO THE ATTENTION OF THE PEOPLE WHO IMMEDIATE TO MAKE THESE IMPORTANT DECISIONS. SO THAT IS PARAMOUNT IN MY OPINION. NO AMOUNT OF TRAINING CAN CIRCUMVENT THAT. >> THANK YOU, SRI. I LOST MY MOTHER TO ALWAYS HIGH MANIERS SO I CAN ALSO SPEAK ON THAT. MY MOM WAS HER CAREGIVER SO THAT WAS ALSO, IT IS VERY -- I THINK UNTIL YOU GO THROUGH SOMETIMES YOU DON'T EVEN RECOGNIZE WHAT IT TAKES TO BE A CAREGIVER UNTIL YOU ARE ON THE OTHER SIDE. I DON'T THINK YOU REALIZE WHAT IS REALLY IMPORTANT FOR US TO SHARE THESE CONVERSATIONS WITH EVERYONE THAT WE KNOW. BECAUSE WE ALL IMMEDIATE TO HEAR THIS STORY. SOPHIA I WANT TO ASK YOU A QUESTION, I'M CURIOUS ABOUT YOUR ROLE WITH THIS CIVIC ENGAGEMENT, MY PROGRAM, THERE IS PERHAPS ATTENDEE ON THE CALL CURIOUS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THAT PROGRAM AND HOW THEY BECOME INVOLVED. >> SURE. SO LIKE I HAD MENTIONED EARLIER, THE CIVIC -- SORRY, THE CIVIC ENGAGEMENT MICROGRANT PROGRAM PROVIDES PROGRAMS AND FUNDING SUPPORT TO SCIENCE POLICY GROUPS ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY. WHAT THIS DOES IS ONE WE CAN PROVIDE SEED FUNDING FOR SCIENCE POLICY GROUPS TO GET STARTED. SO IF YOU ARE AT AN INSTITUTION THAT'S LOOKING TO START SCIENCE POLICY OR SCIENCE COMMUNICATION GROUP THIS IS ONE AVENUE YOU CAN FIND FUNDING. THE OTHER MODEL FUNDING THAT WE HAVE IS TO PROVIDE FUNDING FOR EXISTING SCIENCE POLICY SCIENCE COMMUNICATION GROUPS TO CARRY OUT VARIOUS PROJECTS THEY HAVE TO ENGAGE LOCALLY WITH THE PUBLIC OR TO ENGAGE WE LEKKED OFFICIALS. SO DIFFERENT PROJECTS WE HAVE SUPPORTED HAVE BEEN CREATING PODCAST SERIES, CREATING POSTER SESSIONS WHERE YOU INVITE LOCALLY ELECTED OFFICIALS WE HAVE ALSO SUPPORTED A MEMBER OF SCIENCE OUTREACH EVENTS, SO CIVIC ENGAGEMENT HAPPENS AT ALL DIFFERENT LEVELS AND THIS IS SOMETHING THAT WE ARE VERY, VERY SUPPORTIVE OF AND SO IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE PLEASE VISIT RESEARCH AMERICAS WEBSITE. AND GO TO OUR ADVOCACY TAB AND LOOK AT THE -- ADVOCACY ACTION TAB AND CLICK ON THE LINK HOW TO BE AND ADVOCATE TO LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR GRANT PROGRAM. >> THANK YOU, SOPHIA, I CAN PUT TOGETHER LIST OF RESOURCES TO ALL ATTENDEES WHO ARE HERE TODAY. AND UNABLE TO ATTEND WITH VIDEO RECORDING. SO I WANT TO SEE IF THERE'S ANYONE ELSE FROM THE AUDIENCE WHO HAS A QUESTION. IF NOT, WE CAN MOVE FORWARD TO THE CLOSING REMARKS. SO THANK YOU TO ALL OF OUR SPEAKERS AND PANELIST FOR SHARING THESE INSIGHTS AND FOR YOUR TIME TODAY. THERE'S SO MANY GREAT THINGS BROUGHT UP AND SO MANY MORE QUESTIONS TO UNPACK SO THIS DEFINITELY WON'T BE THE LAST TIME WE HAVE THIS CONVERSATION WITH EACH OF YOU. A RECORDING OF TODAY'S SESSION IS AVAILABLE AT LATER DATE ALONG WITH RESOURCES THAT WE SHARED. FINALLY WANT TO THANK THE CHAN ZUCKERBURG INITIATIVE FOR THEIR SUPPORT TO MAKE THIS WEBINAR POSSIBLE. THANK YOU ALL SO MUCH FOR JOINING TODAY. HAVE A LOVELY WEEKEND. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> THANK YOU SO SO MUCH TO SPEAKERS AND PANEL LISTS WE ARE THRILLED TO HAVE YOU AS A PART OF THIS EVENT AND COULDN'T APPRECIATE IT ENOUGH O. THANKS A LOT. HAVE A GOOD REST OF YOUR DAY.