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>>WELCOME

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THIS IS THE FIRST IN-PERSON PAIN

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CONSORTIUM SINCE THE BEGINNING 

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OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND IS 

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DELIGHTFUL TO SEE SOME OF YOU 

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BRAVE SOULS OUT HERE.  

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WITHOUT FURTHER ADO I WILL 

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INTRODUCE DR. D'SOUZA WHO IS 

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DIRECTOR AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE 

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OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL 

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RESEARCH SHE IS PASSIONATE ABOUT

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ADVANCING FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE 

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OF DENTAL CRANIOFACIAL AND ORAL 

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DISEASE THAT IMPROVE OVERALL 

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HEALTH FOR ALL INDIVIDUALS IN 

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COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 

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AND PRIOR TO JOINING NIH AS 

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INSTITUTE DIRECTOR SHE SERVED AT

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UNIVERSITY OF UTAH AS ASSISTANT 

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VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC 

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AFFAIRS AND EDUCATION FOR HEALTH

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SCIENCES AND IS PAST PRESIDENT 

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OF AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR 

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DENTAL RESEARCH AND 

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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR 

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DENTAL RESEARCH AND AUTHORED 

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OVER 150 PUBLICATIONS AND BOOK 

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CHAPTERS IN AREAS OF 

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CRANIOFACIAL DEVELOPMENT, 

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GENETICS, TOOTH DEVELOPMENT AND 

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REGENERATIVE DENTAL MEDICINE AND

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AMONG MANY AWARD INZ DOCTRINATED

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INTO ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 

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SHE IS NIH HELPING TO END 

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ADDICTION OR HEAL EXECUTIVE 

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COMMITTEE MEMBER AS WELL AS 

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MEMBER OF PAIN CONSORTIUM AND IS

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DEEPLY COMMITTED TO ADVANCING 

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RESEARCH ON PAIN AND PAIN 

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MANAGEMENT AS HER INSTITUTE'S 

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MISSION.  PLEASE WELCOME DR. 

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D'SO

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D'SOUZA. 

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>>THANK YOU AND FOR 

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REPRESENTING WORK IN PAIN 

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CONSORTIUM THAT TRANSITIONED 

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INTO A NEW ERA OF SUCCESS AND 

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HAPPY TO BE HAD HERE AND TO SEE 

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FACES AND WELCOME TO THE VIRTUAL

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AUDIENCE AS WELL.  IN THE NEXT 

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FEW MINUTES, I WOULD LIKE TO -- 

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OOPS.  LET ME SEE IF I CAN DO 

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THIS.  TO FIRST ACKNOWLEDGE THE 

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EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS FOR 

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PAIN CONSORTIUM WITH SPECIAL 

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SHOUTOUT TO LINDA PORTER OFFICE 

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OF PAIN POLICY IN COLLABORATION 

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WITH THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF 

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THE CONSORTIUM. 

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I SEE DR. [INDISCERNIBLE] HERE 

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IN THE AUDIENCE AND WALTER AND 

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SHANNON.  THIS EXECUTIVE 

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COMMITTEE WORKS REALLY HARD TO 

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KEEP RESEARCH RELEVANT AND 

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MOVING FORWARD.  IT IS A 

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PLEASURE FOR ME TO BE INVOLVED. 

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I SHOULDN'T BE TELLING THIS 

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AUDIENCE THIS.  YOU KNOW THAT 

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PAIN REMAINS A PUBLIC HEALTH 

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CRISIS AND INDIVIDUAL BURDEN AND

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SURGEON GENERAL RECENTLY 

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DECLARING THAT LONELINESS IS 

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ACTUALLY AN EPIDEMIC IN THE US 

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THAT IS VERY MUCH CONNECTED TO 

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PAIN AND HOW WE AS A SOCIETY 

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DIAGNOSE AND TREAT AND COPE WITH

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PAIN. 

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YOU CAN SEE FROM DATA THAT IS A 

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SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF 

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INDIVIDUALS THAT SUFFER FROM 

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CHRONIC PAIN AND REPORT SEVERE 

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PAIN DAILY AND BET IF WE TOOK A 

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POLL IN THE AUDIENCE ALL OF US 

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WOULD RAISE OUR HANDS. 

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TWL IS -- BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL 

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DETERMINANTS OF PAIN AND 

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MANAGEMENT AND NOW AND TO WORK 

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OF HEAL AND PAIN CONSORTIUM, WE 

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REALIZE IMPORTANCE OF 

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SOCIOECONOMIC BURDENS AND 

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UNDERSTANDING DISPARIT 

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TREATMENTS AND PRESCRIPTION 

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MODALITIES BY PHYSICIANS AND HOW

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UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES 

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PARTICULARLY SUFFER BECAUSE OF 

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THESE DISPARITIES. 

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THAT HAS BECOME A VERY MUCH 

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FOCUS OF THE INITIATIVES WE HAVE

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ON CAMPUS THAT YOU CAN SEE IN 

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FACT ARE BROAD BASED AND PAIN 

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CONSORTIUM IS IMBEDDED IN A 

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MULTI-DISCIPLINARY CONSORTIA OF 

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COLLABORATIONS AND INITIATIVES 

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ON OUR CAMPUS. 

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I WANT TO ACTUALLY FOCUS A 

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LITTLE BIT ON HEAL.  THIS IS A 

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TRANSFORMATIVE PROGRAM ON -- 

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INITIATED SEVERAL YEARS AGO ON A

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MANDATE AND CONNECTING THESE TWO

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ECOSYSTEMS HAS BEEN REALLY 

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MAGICAL FOR HEAL AND REBECCA HAS

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DONE AN AMAZING JOB DEVELOPING 

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THIS TO WHERE IT IS LAUNCHING 

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NOW INTO MANY EXCITING NEW AREAS

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WITH GREAT OUTCOMES AND IF YOU 

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LOOK AT HEALS PROGRESS IN THE 

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AREA OPIOID PRESCRIPTIONS HAVE 

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DROPPED AND DISPENSARYIES 

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REACHED LOWEST POINT IN HISTORY 

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AND WORK TO BE DONE BECAUSE OF 

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VARIOUS NEW DRUGS FLOATING 

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AROUND ON THE STREET AND 

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FENTANYL CONTAMINATION REMAINS A

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HUGE PROBLEM.  YOU CAN SEE THERE

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IS LOTS OF WORK TO BE DONE AND 

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TREATING PAIN REMAINS A 

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CHALLENGE.  

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WHAT HEAL HAS BROUGHT TO FOCUS 

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IS NEED FOR COMMUNITY 

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ENGAGEMENT.  YOU SEE THAT THEME 

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ACTUALLY COMING THROUGH IN MANY 

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OF NIH'S NEW INITIATIVES THAT 

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EMERGED IN THE LAST FEW YEARS 

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AND NEED TO ENGAGE AND HAVE 

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COMMUNITY-LED ENGAGEMENT IS 

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DIFFERENT FROM COMMUNITY 

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ENGAGEMENT ITSELF; RIGHT?  

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COMMUNITY-LED PROJECTS WILL I 

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THINK BRING PATIENT'S CONCERNS 

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TO THE VERY FORE THAT IS AN 

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IMPORTANT DIRECTION THAT HEAL 

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TOOK. 

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THERE IS ALSO THE FACT THAT 

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SEEDING PROGRAMS REQUIRES 

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FURTHER LEVERAGING THROUGH 

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INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS TO MAKE 

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THERAPY AND DRUGS THAT ARE 

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AFFORDABLE AND EFFECTIVE TO THIS

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IMPORTANT AREA FOR OUR HEALTH 

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CONCERNS. 

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IF WE DIDN'T TAKE CARE OF THE 

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FUTURE GENERATION, WE WOULDN'T 

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DO THE RIGHT THING; RIGHT?  

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EACH OF US THAT HAS FUNDING FROM

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NIH AND IS WORKING IN THIS AREA 

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HAS THAT RESPONSIBILITY OF 

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TRAINING FUTURE GENERATION OF 

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PAIN AND NEUROSCIENTISTS SO WE 

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IN FACT ENSURE THAT ROBUST AND 

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SUSTAINABLE ASPECTS OF THE 

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PROGRAM CONTINUE WELL INTO THE 

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FUTURE AND SEVERAL SUPPLEMENTS 

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SUPPORT DIVERSITY TO CREATE 

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BROADEST COMMUNITIES THAT ARE 

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ABLE TO ADDRESS EVERY ONE OF 

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THOSE MULTIPLE DETERMINANTS OF 

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PAIN IN OUR SOCIETY. 

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YOU CAN SEE HERE THAT HEAL HAS 

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SUCCEEDED IN SUPPORTING 30 

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INDIVIDUALS FROM 

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UNDER-REPRESENTED GROUPS. 

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EXCITING IS THE FACT THAT HEAL 

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IS PIONEERING AN ECOSYSTEM OF 

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DATA SCIENCE ECOSYSTEM TO 

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DEVELOP AI ALGORITHMS AND 

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MACHINE-LEARNING TOOLS TO 

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IDENTIFY AND TREAT MODALITIES 

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THAT WORK AND THOSE THAT DON'T 

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AND LOOKING AT ZIP CODE ANALE 

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SIS THROUGH DISTRIBUTION 

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POPULATIONS EFFECTED MOST BY 

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CHRONIC PAIN. 

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I WANT TO SPEND A FEW MOMENTS TO

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TALK ABOUT PAIN RESEARCH AT 

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NIDCR.  REASON I'M DOING THAT IS

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TO INVITE YOU TO JOIN OUR 

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COMMUNITY OF RESEARCHERS. 

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WE ARE -- YOU KNOW, AS COMPARED 

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TO MEDICINE WE ARE A SMALLER 

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PROFESSION AND DEAL WITH BIG 

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PROBLEMS THAT ARE VERY CENTRAL 

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TO YOUR INTEREST AREAS. 

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WHY WERE WE CREATED ALMOST 75 

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YEARS AGO?  

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ABOUT A MONTH SHORT.  PRESIDENT 

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HARRY TROOUMAN SCRATCHED HIS 

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HEAD REALLY CONCERNED THAT HE 

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WAS NOT ABLE TO ENLIST 25% OF 

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YOUNG MALE POPULATION TO THE 

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WAR. 

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AND THEY COULDN'T GET TO THE 

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BATTLEFIELD. 

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MOUTHS WERE RAVAGED WITH DECAY 

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AND THEY ALSO EXPERIENCED PAIN 

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AND HE WAS VERY CONCERNED AND 

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WANTED AN INSTITUTE AND PRESENCE

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ON THE NATIONAL LEVEL TO 

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RESEARCH THAT.  NIDCR NOW 75 

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YEARS LATER IS STILL DEALING 

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WITH DENTAL AND ORAL FACIAL -- 

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TO ADVANCE SCIENCE THROUGH OUR 

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PROGRAMS AND STRATEGIC PLAN HAS 

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PAIN INTERTWINED INTO EACH OF 

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OUR GOALS AND FIRST IS TO MAKE 

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SURE WE HAVE MEAT ON THE BONES 

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AND PROVIDING EVIDENCE THAT ORAL

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HEALTH IS CRITICAL TO OVERALL 

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HEALTH AND WELLBEING AND TO BE 

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ABLE TO IN STRATEGIC PRIORITY 

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NO. 2 TO ADVANCE PERSONALIZED OR

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INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACHES IS 

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SOMETHING THAT ALL OF YOU ARE 

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CONCERNED WITH. 

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EACH ONE OF US HAVE UNIQUE 

225
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BIOCHEMICAL PROFILES TO 

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TRANSLATE AND IMPLEMENT REMAINS 

227
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CHALLENGE TO ADVANCE 

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STRATEGICALLY IN THE AREA 

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CREATING BROAD WORKFORCE IN THE 

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FUTURE CONNECTING WITH 

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STAKEHOLDER GROUPS SUCH AS THIS.

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SO, OUR PORTFOLIO IS BROAD AND 

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DIVERSE AND YOU SEE DENTAL AND 

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ORO FACIAL PAIN REMAINS RIGHT AT

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THE CENTER AND SEEING THAT 

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CONDITIONS THAT EFFECT DENTAL 

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ORAL AND CRANIO -- ARE DIFFICULT

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TO PREDICT AND TO TREAT AND 

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DON'T HAVE TIME TO DESCRIBE 

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SYSTEMS BUT THEY ARE UNIQUE AND 

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NOT PRESENT IN MAMMALIAN ORGAN 

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SYSTEMS DENTAL OR FACIAL PAIN 

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WHETHER A TOOTHACHE OR TRY 

244
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NEUROLOGIST AND CANCER REMAIN 

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CHALLENGING AND BREADTH OF 

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INVESTMENT COVERS SPECTRUMS OF 

247
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ORGANS AND TISSUES WE ARE 

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RESPONSIBLE FOR. 

249
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WHETHER IT IS IN FACT ORAL 

250
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FACIAL PAIN OR DISORDERS LOOKING

251
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AT MINERALIZED TISSUES WE ARE 

252
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RESPONSIBLE WITH THAT SURROUND 

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TEETH MAKING UP CRANIOFACIAL 

254
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SKULL LOOKING AT TISSUE ENGINEER

255
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REGENERATIVE APPROACHES BEHAVIOR

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AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF 

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HEALTH THAT DRIVE ORAL HEALTH 

258
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CONDITIONS AND MAKING SURE WE 

259
00:11:28,800 --> 00:11:30,800
ACCESS POPULATIONS THAT FIND IT 

260
00:11:30,800 --> 00:11:32,760
DIFFICULT TO ACCESS ORAL HEALTH 

261
00:11:32,760 --> 00:11:37,000
CARE IS CRITICAL THAT IS ALL 

262
00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:38,880
ENCOMPASSING OF THE PAIN ARENA 

263
00:11:38,880 --> 00:11:40,680
THAT WE ARE COMMITTED TO. 

264
00:11:40,680 --> 00:11:42,480
OF COURSE, MAKING SURE THAT WE 

265
00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:44,920
CAN TAKE WHAT WE DO OR KNOW AND 

266
00:11:44,920 --> 00:11:46,600
TRANSLATE IT TO WHAT WE DO 

267
00:11:46,600 --> 00:11:48,200
THROUGH CLINICAL RESEARCH. 

268
00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:50,160
THESE ARE INVESTMENTS. 

269
00:11:50,160 --> 00:11:52,720
I DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH YOUR -- 

270
00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:54,800
HOW -- WHERE YOU ARE OF THE 

271
00:11:54,800 --> 00:11:57,000
ACTUAL DATA THAT SHOWS THAT 

272
00:11:57,000 --> 00:11:59,560
DENTAL PAIN IS NORMALLY ACTUALLY

273
00:11:59,560 --> 00:12:02,000
THE -- RANKS AMONGST HIGHEST 

274
00:12:02,000 --> 00:12:03,360
REASONS OR MOST COMMON REASON 

275
00:12:03,360 --> 00:12:06,440
FOR VISITING AN ER AND EMERGENCY

276
00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:09,840
ROOM AND TYPICALLY EMERGENCY 

277
00:12:09,840 --> 00:12:11,640
ROOM PHYSICIAN WILL PRESCRIBE 

278
00:12:11,640 --> 00:12:14,920
PAIN KILLERS OR PAIN MANAGEMENT 

279
00:12:14,920 --> 00:12:17,240
OPIOID SOMETIMES AND YOU GET THE

280
00:12:17,240 --> 00:12:19,240
PATIENT INTO A VICIOUS CYCLE OF 

281
00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:22,320
BECOMING ACTUALLY ADDICTED OR 

282
00:12:22,320 --> 00:12:24,400
COMMITTED TO SUBSTANCE USE 

283
00:12:24,400 --> 00:12:24,680
DISORDER. 

284
00:12:24,680 --> 00:12:27,000
YOU SEE DENTAL PAIN RANKS THERE 

285
00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:28,480
PRETTY HIGH OR HIGHEST. 

286
00:12:28,480 --> 00:12:31,280
IT IS ALSO IN THE LAST FEW YEARS

287
00:12:31,280 --> 00:12:32,960
FORTUNATELY WE HAVE SEEN A 

288
00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:36,120
DECLINE THANK YOU TO EFFORTS OF 

289
00:12:36,120 --> 00:12:39,120
DR. SUMMERMAN AND ADA, THE 

290
00:12:39,120 --> 00:12:41,320
PREVIOUS DIRECTOR WE WERE ABLE 

291
00:12:41,320 --> 00:12:43,280
TO GET TO COMMUNICATE TO ORAL 

292
00:12:43,280 --> 00:12:46,360
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY 

293
00:12:46,360 --> 00:12:49,760
ABOUT PRESCRIBING OPENOIDS IN 

294
00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:51,960
HIGHLY RESTRICTIVE AND 

295
00:12:51,960 --> 00:12:53,040
RESTRAINED MANNER AND THERE IS 

296
00:12:53,040 --> 00:12:54,800
LOTS OF REDUCTION BUT LOTS OF 

297
00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:56,920
WORK TO BE DONE THERE AND HARD 

298
00:12:56,920 --> 00:12:59,480
TO DISSECT ISSUE OF PAIN AWAY 

299
00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:00,720
FROM MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS 

300
00:13:00,720 --> 00:13:02,760
AND WE ARE WORKING HARD NOW TO 

301
00:13:02,760 --> 00:13:04,760
MAKE SURE THAT THE MAGIC THAT 

302
00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:06,800
COULD BE CREATED AT THAT 

303
00:13:06,800 --> 00:13:08,840
INTERFACE IS EMBRACED REALLY BY 

304
00:13:08,840 --> 00:13:11,200
ORAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS.  

305
00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:13,200
SUBSTANCE USE, MENTAL HEALTH AND

306
00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:16,200
ORAL HEALTH ARE CONNECTED THAT 

307
00:13:16,200 --> 00:13:20,520
IS TYPICAL FOR A DENTIST TO BE 

308
00:13:20,520 --> 00:13:21,960
IDENTIFYING CHRONIC DRUG USAGE. 

309
00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:24,800
YOU HAVE EFFECTS IN ORAL CAVITY 

310
00:13:24,800 --> 00:13:27,240
THAT ARE EASILY VISIBLE.  

311
00:13:27,240 --> 00:13:30,160
TRY MOUTH AND HIGH LEVEL OF 

312
00:13:30,160 --> 00:13:36,000
DECAY, ET CETERA.  CAN ORAL 

313
00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:37,680
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS DO THINGS 

314
00:13:37,680 --> 00:13:39,360
ALONG AND WITH HEALTH 

315
00:13:39,360 --> 00:13:41,200
PROFESSIONALS AND POINTING TO 

316
00:13:41,200 --> 00:13:43,800
STATISTICS FOR NEED TO ENGAGE IN

317
00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:46,400
INTERSECTION OF A FEW EXAMPLES 

318
00:13:46,400 --> 00:13:47,600
OF RESEARCH AND A FEW AMONGST 

319
00:13:47,600 --> 00:13:51,000
MANY THAT HAVE MOVED THE FIELD 

320
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:51,400
FORWARD. 

321
00:13:51,400 --> 00:13:54,400
AS I MENTIONED HAD THEY HAD 

322
00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:57,880
CANCERS THAT ARE THREATENING AND

323
00:13:57,880 --> 00:13:59,680
LATE DETECTION AND RATHER 

324
00:13:59,680 --> 00:14:01,800
RADICAL TREATMENT MEASURES THAT 

325
00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:06,400
IS TYPICALLY FOR CANCER THAT IS 

326
00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:12,640
BEYOND EARLY STAGE OF DYSPLASIA 

327
00:14:12,640 --> 00:14:15,000
YOU REMAIN HALF THE JAW AND 

328
00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:17,800
TONGUE AND ISSUES INVOLVED IN 

329
00:14:17,800 --> 00:14:19,680
REGENERATING TISSUES ARE 

330
00:14:19,680 --> 00:14:22,440
DIFFICULT TO MANAGE BOTH FOR THE

331
00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:24,280
PHYSICIAN AND DEFINITELY FOR 

332
00:14:24,280 --> 00:14:25,840
PATIENT INVOLVED AND IN THE 

333
00:14:25,840 --> 00:14:30,080
STUDIES WE WERE ABLE TO SHOW THE

334
00:14:30,080 --> 00:14:31,640
[INDISCERNIBLE] WERE ABLE TO 

335
00:14:31,640 --> 00:14:37,840
DEMONSTRATE TNF ALPHA AND ROLE 

336
00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:45,640
IN NOCICEPTION WHEN CANCER IS 

337
00:14:45,640 --> 00:14:47,920
PRESENT AND THE NATIONAL CENTER 

338
00:14:47,920 --> 00:14:49,200
FOR COMPLEMENTARY AND 

339
00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:52,200
INTEGRATIVE HEALTH AND NATIONAL 

340
00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:55,120
INSTITUTES FOR -- AND OF COURSE 

341
00:14:55,120 --> 00:14:58,040
NINDS TO GO TO LEADERSHIP AND WE

342
00:14:58,040 --> 00:15:00,440
HAVE CURRENTLY FUNDING SPECIAL 

343
00:15:00,440 --> 00:15:01,880
INITIATIVE CALLED REJOIN THAT 

344
00:15:01,880 --> 00:15:04,560
WOULD BE FOCUSED ON REALLY THE 

345
00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:06,080
INNOVATION AND UNDERSTANDING 

346
00:15:06,080 --> 00:15:08,080
INNOVATION OF SYSTEMS THAT ARE 

347
00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:11,320
PRESENT IN THE KNEE AND TEMPORAL

348
00:15:11,320 --> 00:15:15,600
MEN DIBULAR JOINT AND ARE PIS 

349
00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:17,440
THAT ARE FUNDED THROUGHOUT THE 

350
00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:18,960
COUNTRY AND IS IMPORTANT IN 

351
00:15:18,960 --> 00:15:20,640
UNDERSTANDING NEUROGENICS OF 

352
00:15:20,640 --> 00:15:23,400
PAIN REALLY GIVES A BETTER 

353
00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:26,880
UNDERSTANDING OF PANELO GENESIS 

354
00:15:26,880 --> 00:15:31,120
AND LAST YEAR PART OF SIGNATURE 

355
00:15:31,120 --> 00:15:36,120
INITIATIVES 70 FIFTH ANNIVERSARY

356
00:15:36,120 --> 00:15:38,040
NIDCR LAUNCHED A COLLABORATIVE 

357
00:15:38,040 --> 00:15:39,880
CALLED IMPACT TO DRAW IN 

358
00:15:39,880 --> 00:15:41,880
INDIVIDUALS FROM VARIOUS FIELDS 

359
00:15:41,880 --> 00:15:48,440
TO HANDLE LOOKING AT TEMPORAL 

360
00:15:48,440 --> 00:15:52,520
MAN DIBULAR DISFUNCTION THIS IS 

361
00:15:52,520 --> 00:15:54,440
LAGGING BEHIND OTHER JOINTS AND 

362
00:15:54,440 --> 00:15:58,040
IS TRULY DEBILITATING AND 

363
00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:01,200
FERVENT PATIENT ADVOCATE FEELS 

364
00:16:01,200 --> 00:16:03,080
STRONGLY THIS IS AN AREA IF WE 

365
00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:04,240
UNDERSTOOD AND COULD DRAW FROM 

366
00:16:04,240 --> 00:16:06,800
OTHER AREAS OF PAIN MANAGEMENT 

367
00:16:06,800 --> 00:16:09,000
WOULD BENEFIT A LARGE 

368
00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:09,440
POPULATION. 

369
00:16:09,440 --> 00:16:11,960
THANK YOU, TERRY, FOR YOUR WORK.

370
00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:14,280
THIS INITIATIVE, MELISSA WHO WAS

371
00:16:14,280 --> 00:16:16,280
VERY INVOLVED IN PLANNING THIS, 

372
00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:18,920
IS NOW IN THE EARLY PHASE AND WE

373
00:16:18,920 --> 00:16:20,720
HAVE A PLANNING GRANT THAT HAS 

374
00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:22,800
BEEN AWARDED TO SOON ENTER 

375
00:16:22,800 --> 00:16:25,000
IMPLEMENTATION FAIZE IN ABOUT A 

376
00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:26,160
YEAR THAT HAS DRAWN 

377
00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:27,360
COLLABORATIONS OF INSTITUTES 

378
00:16:27,360 --> 00:16:29,440
THAT CAN COME TO THE TABLE. 

379
00:16:29,440 --> 00:16:32,800
YOU CAN SEE IT IS VERY COMPLEX 

380
00:16:32,800 --> 00:16:36,920
AND IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HAS 

381
00:16:36,920 --> 00:16:38,600
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL ELEMENT AND 

382
00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:40,760
COMORBIDITIES THAT EXIST AND IS 

383
00:16:40,760 --> 00:16:42,280
A JOINT THAT WE USE MOST 

384
00:16:42,280 --> 00:16:42,560
COMMONLY. 

385
00:16:42,560 --> 00:16:46,280
AS YOU KNOW, IT IS ONE THAT 

386
00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:49,120
REACTS TO STRESS AND TO 

387
00:16:49,120 --> 00:16:51,320
DIFFERENT FACTORS, REALLY.  YOU 

388
00:16:51,320 --> 00:16:54,080
CAN SEE OVERALL MULTIDIMENSIONAL

389
00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,520
APPROACH IS WHAT IS NEEDED OR 

390
00:16:57,520 --> 00:16:58,560
HOLISTIC APPROACH THAT HEL AN 

391
00:16:58,560 --> 00:17:00,760
WOULD SAY TO MANAGE THIS 

392
00:17:00,760 --> 00:17:02,160
CONDITION AND BRINGING FORTH 

393
00:17:02,160 --> 00:17:04,760
THROUGH MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND 

394
00:17:04,760 --> 00:17:07,200
DATA SCIENCE TOOLS AN ECOSYSTEM 

395
00:17:07,200 --> 00:17:09,280
WITH COMMON DATA ELEMENTS THAT 

396
00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:12,200
COULD BE SHARED AND PATIENT 

397
00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:13,720
REPOSITORIES AND BIOSAMPLING 

398
00:17:13,720 --> 00:17:15,840
THAT IS ALL REGISTERED AND WANT 

399
00:17:15,840 --> 00:17:17,600
TO LET YOU KNOW WELCOMING YOU 

400
00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:19,680
INTO THE COMMUNITY WOULD BE 

401
00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:21,720
REALLY CRITICAL FOR ITS FUTURE 

402
00:17:21,720 --> 00:17:22,160
SUCCESS. 

403
00:17:22,160 --> 00:17:24,440
DO KEEP AN EYE OUT FOR THAT 

404
00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:25,400
ANNOUNCEMENT THAT SHOULD COME 

405
00:17:25,400 --> 00:17:28,320
OUT ABOUT A YEAR FROM NOW. 

406
00:17:28,320 --> 00:17:30,280
ONE ADVANCE MADE IN THE AREA IS 

407
00:17:30,280 --> 00:17:34,080
WHEN YOU ACTUALLY TARGET 

408
00:17:34,080 --> 00:17:37,240
TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH UP 

409
00:17:37,240 --> 00:17:40,200
AND DOWN EPISODES OF PAIN 

410
00:17:40,200 --> 00:17:44,720
RELATED TO TMD DOES IMPROVE 

411
00:17:44,720 --> 00:17:45,760
OVERALL PERCEPTION TO CLINICAL 

412
00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:47,480
PAIN MANAGEMENT THAT IS WORK 

413
00:17:47,480 --> 00:17:50,200
THAT WAS RECENTLY PUBLISHED IN 

414
00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:53,200
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 

415
00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:58,360
WE HAVE ALSO LEARNED NOSI 

416
00:17:58,360 --> 00:18:08,680
CREPTOR NEURIOS COULD -- 

417
00:18:08,680 --> 00:18:12,800
THAT IS THREATENING TO OUR 

418
00:18:12,800 --> 00:18:23,320
SOCIETY -- STIMULATED AREAS AND 

419
00:18:46,760 --> 00:18:48,440
SENSORY DISCRIMINATIVE AND 

420
00:18:48,440 --> 00:18:49,920
MOTIVATIONAL EFFECTIVE PAIN 

421
00:18:49,920 --> 00:18:52,640
PROCESSING THAT OCCURS AT HIGHER

422
00:18:52,640 --> 00:18:55,040
FREQUENCY IN THOSE THAT SUFFER 

423
00:18:55,040 --> 00:18:57,560
FROM TMD. 

424
00:18:57,560 --> 00:19:01,320
FINALLY, WE HAVE AWARDS THAT 

425
00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:03,760
HEAL HAS THROUGH HEAL WHERE WE 

426
00:19:03,760 --> 00:19:06,440
ARE LOOKING AS YOU CAN SEE AS 

427
00:19:06,440 --> 00:19:08,720
SECONDARY ANALYSIS AND LOOKING 

428
00:19:08,720 --> 00:19:11,920
AT DATA TO CONNECT CHRONIC ORAL 

429
00:19:11,920 --> 00:19:15,200
FACIAL PAIN WITH PLACEBO EFFECTS

430
00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:18,080
LOOKING AT LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF 

431
00:19:18,080 --> 00:19:20,200
OPIOID THERAPY AND DEPRESSION 

432
00:19:20,200 --> 00:19:22,200
AND SUICIDE RISKS AND PATIENTS 

433
00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:24,760
WITH HEAD AND NECK CANSER THAT 

434
00:19:24,760 --> 00:19:30,480
IS A VERY RELEVANT AREA FOR OUR 

435
00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:41,000
INSTITUTE -- LOOKING AT NEONATAL

436
00:19:47,520 --> 00:19:49,240
OPIOID WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME WAS 

437
00:19:49,240 --> 00:19:51,200
REPORTED -- DATA WAS REPORTED 

438
00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:54,320
FROM A GROUP OF INVESTIGATORS, 

439
00:19:54,320 --> 00:19:56,720
ACTUALLY, AT THE LAST HEAL 

440
00:19:56,720 --> 00:19:59,640
3EETING LAST FALL. 

441
00:19:59,640 --> 00:20:02,400
YOU SEE BROAD-BASED NATURE 

442
00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:04,920
REACHING OUT TO THE COMMUNITY 

443
00:20:04,920 --> 00:20:08,560
INCLUDING THOSE WHO ARE 

444
00:20:08,560 --> 00:20:10,120
INCARCERATED AND IDENTIFYING 

445
00:20:10,120 --> 00:20:15,440
THROUGH NEW PAIN THERAPEUTICS 

446
00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:16,760
AND TECHNOLOGIES IS DIRECTION 

447
00:20:16,760 --> 00:20:19,760
THAT HEAL IS GOING. 

448
00:20:19,760 --> 00:20:24,200
THERE ARE LOTS OF NOCIS TO 

449
00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:26,400
CONSIDER LOOKING AT BROAD 

450
00:20:26,400 --> 00:20:28,240
DISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN PAIN 

451
00:20:28,240 --> 00:20:29,920
MANAGEMENT AND LIST THAT 

452
00:20:29,920 --> 00:20:33,120
INCLUDES INITIATIVE THAT ARE 

453
00:20:33,120 --> 00:20:37,280
TARGETING INDIVIDUALS AND GRUMS 

454
00:20:37,280 --> 00:20:40,080
THAT ARE UNDER-REPRESENTED IF 

455
00:20:40,080 --> 00:20:41,360
THIS THIS ARENA. 

456
00:20:41,360 --> 00:20:43,600
I WANT TO SAY THIS WILL BE A 

457
00:20:43,600 --> 00:20:45,880
SPECIAL MEETING AND HOPE THOSE 

458
00:20:45,880 --> 00:20:48,480
PRESENT PHYSICALLY WILL CONNECT 

459
00:20:48,480 --> 00:20:51,360
WITH EACH OTHER AND LEARN AND 

460
00:20:51,360 --> 00:20:52,480
NETWORK TO MOVE THE FIELD 

461
00:20:52,480 --> 00:20:54,480
FORWARD TOGETHER AND INVITE YOU 

462
00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:58,400
AND EMBRACE YOU IN COMING INTO 

463
00:20:58,400 --> 00:21:00,920
THE COMMUNITY THAT NIDCR IS 

464
00:21:00,920 --> 00:21:02,840
COMMITTED TO ADVANCING THAT IS 

465
00:21:02,840 --> 00:21:04,360
THE COMMUNITY OF PAIN 

466
00:21:04,360 --> 00:21:07,440
PHYSICIANS, CLINICIANS, DENTISTS

467
00:21:07,440 --> 00:21:09,440
AS WELL AS ALL RESEARCH THAT 

468
00:21:09,440 --> 00:21:10,680
GOES WITH IT. 

469
00:21:10,680 --> 00:21:13,280
70 FIFTH YEAR IS A CELEBRATION 

470
00:21:13,280 --> 00:21:15,880
OF THAT LEGACY AND HISTORY AND 

471
00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:17,920
WE HAVE SEVERAL EVENTS PLANNED 

472
00:21:17,920 --> 00:21:20,440
ON CAMPUS AND OFF CAMPUS TO 

473
00:21:20,440 --> 00:21:24,280
ALLOW US TO REMEMBER 

474
00:21:24,280 --> 00:21:30,320
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE PAST AS 

475
00:21:30,320 --> 00:21:31,840
PIONEERS IN THE FIELD THAT BOTH 

476
00:21:31,840 --> 00:21:34,560
HAVE PASSED AWAY SADLY AND 

477
00:21:34,560 --> 00:21:36,280
RECOGNIZING THEIR LEGACY 

478
00:21:36,280 --> 00:21:38,240
BRINGING US TO THE PRESENT AND 

479
00:21:38,240 --> 00:21:40,160
PLANNING FOR NEXT 25 YEARS WHERE

480
00:21:40,160 --> 00:21:43,880
HOPE IS EVERY CHILD AND ADULT 

481
00:21:43,880 --> 00:21:48,320
AND EVERY AGING INDIVIDUAL HAS 

482
00:21:48,320 --> 00:21:50,200
THE RIGHT TO LIVE A PAIN FREE 

483
00:21:50,200 --> 00:21:51,400
LIFE THAT IS VISION WE WOULD 

484
00:21:51,400 --> 00:21:56,760
HAVE FOR THE NEXT 25 YEARS AND 

485
00:21:56,760 --> 00:21:58,560
WANT TO END HERE.  ONE SECOND.  

486
00:21:58,560 --> 00:22:03,560
I HAVE TO PULL THIS UP IN A 

487
00:22:03,560 --> 00:22:04,800
MINUTE. 

488
00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:10,600
SO, I HAVE -- GIVE ME A MINUTE. 

489
00:22:10,600 --> 00:22:13,760
WHERE ARE YOU DR. HASSEN?  

490
00:22:13,760 --> 00:22:18,440
THERE YOU ARE.  WELCOME TO NIH I

491
00:22:18,440 --> 00:22:23,680
HAPPEN TO BE MARITAL WOLVERINE 

492
00:22:23,680 --> 00:22:25,160
AND YOU BECOME EXTRA SPECIAL AND

493
00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:26,840
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AND DIRECTOR

494
00:22:26,840 --> 00:22:31,080
OF PAIN AND OPIOID RESEARCH AT 

495
00:22:31,080 --> 00:22:32,200
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN THAT IS A

496
00:22:32,200 --> 00:22:35,200
RELEVANT TOPIC YOU ARE SO 

497
00:22:35,200 --> 00:22:38,760
PASSIONATE ABOUT TODAY.  AS 

498
00:22:38,760 --> 00:22:40,800
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND 

499
00:22:40,800 --> 00:22:42,880
PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATOR AT 

500
00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:45,040
CHRONIC PAIN AND FATIGUE 

501
00:22:45,040 --> 00:22:49,840
RESEARCH CENTER SHE EXPLORES 

502
00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:51,720
NOVEL INTERVENTIONS FOR 

503
00:22:51,720 --> 00:22:54,080
RESILIENCE AND SHE IS A MULTIPLE

504
00:22:54,080 --> 00:23:00,720
PI ALONG WITH DR. DANIEL PLOW 

505
00:23:00,720 --> 00:23:01,280
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN'S 

506
00:23:01,280 --> 00:23:03,080
[INDISCERNIBLE] IT IS A RESEARCH

507
00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:08,200
CENTER AND SITE PI FOR NIMAS 

508
00:23:08,200 --> 00:23:12,520
BACKPACK FOR BEST CLINICAL TRIAL

509
00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:13,960
AND DR. HASSETT RECENTLY 

510
00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:16,280
COMPLETED RANDOMIZED CLINICAL 

511
00:23:16,280 --> 00:23:17,320
TRIAL EXPLORING POTENTIAL 

512
00:23:17,320 --> 00:23:20,520
EXPANDING FOCUS ON RESILIENCE IN

513
00:23:20,520 --> 00:23:23,000
CBT FOR CHRONIC PAIN AND IS PAST

514
00:23:23,000 --> 00:23:27,480
PRESIDENT OF ASSOCIATION OF 

515
00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:29,280
RHEUMATOLOGY PROFESSIONALS AND 

516
00:23:29,280 --> 00:23:30,960
ASSOCIATED EDITOR OF CARE AND 

517
00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:33,200
RESEARCH AND PUBLISHED OVER 100 

518
00:23:33,200 --> 00:23:35,680
PEER REVIEW ARTICLES AND HAS 

519
00:23:35,680 --> 00:23:41,400
LOTS TO SHARE WITH US, I'M SURE.

520
00:23:41,400 --> 00:23:46,000
NOW IS THE AUTHOR OF CHRONIC 

521
00:23:46,000 --> 00:23:47,600
PAIN RESEARCH AND WELCOME.  WE 

522
00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,800
LOOK FORWARD TO HEARING FROM 

523
00:23:50,800 --> 00:23:57,480
YOU.  

524
00:23:57,480 --> 00:24:07,720
THANK YOU. 

525
00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:20,280
>>GOOD MORNING.  THANK
YOU SO 

526
00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:22,840
MUCH FOR LETTING ME COME TALK TO

527
00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:24,240
YOU AND TALK TO YOU A LITTLE 

528
00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:27,200
ABOUT HOW PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC 

529
00:24:27,200 --> 00:24:28,240
PAIN AND PARTICIPANTS IN THE 

530
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:30,880
STUDY MAY HAVE REMARKABLE POWERS

531
00:24:30,880 --> 00:24:33,080
WE HAVE ONLY BEGUN TO TAP INTO. 

532
00:24:33,080 --> 00:24:34,880
THESE ARE MY DISCLOSURES. 

533
00:24:34,880 --> 00:24:37,400
I WOULD LIKE TO THAFK NIH FOR 

534
00:24:37,400 --> 00:24:40,320
HAVING A PAIN AND RESILIENCE 

535
00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:40,800
CONFERENCE. 

536
00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:41,720
I NEVER THOUGHT THIS WOULD 

537
00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:45,280
HAPPEN BACK WHEN I WAS FIRST 

538
00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:47,760
INTERE

539
00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:48,040
INTERESTED. 

540
00:24:48,040 --> 00:24:49,920
WHEN I WAS FIRST INTERESTED IN 

541
00:24:49,920 --> 00:24:51,600
RESILIENCE, I THOUGHT THERE IS 

542
00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:53,200
NOT GOING TO BE A PLACE FOR ME 

543
00:24:53,200 --> 00:24:57,200
AT THE NIH.  I WILL NEVER GET AN

544
00:24:57,200 --> 00:25:00,160
R01.  THEN ALL OF A SUDDEN THE 

545
00:25:00,160 --> 00:25:03,400
WORD RESILIENCE STARTED TO POP 

546
00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:04,880
UP IN PROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENTS AND 

547
00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:06,880
I THOUGHT, YES.  DANCE OF JOY!  

548
00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,200
I WILL BE IN THE RIGHT PLACE.  

549
00:25:09,200 --> 00:25:12,040
WE DIDN'T OR AT LEAST MOST OF US

550
00:25:12,040 --> 00:25:14,520
DOESN'T START STUDYING 

551
00:25:14,520 --> 00:25:16,280
RESILIENCE I'M A GOOD PSYCHOLOGY

552
00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:18,240
AND LIKE LIKE TO LOOK AT 

553
00:25:18,240 --> 00:25:20,400
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AND MANY 

554
00:25:20,400 --> 00:25:22,720
STARTED WITH RISK AND RISK 

555
00:25:22,720 --> 00:25:24,760
FACTORS FOR CHRONIC PAIN. 

556
00:25:24,760 --> 00:25:26,800
AS A GOOD PSYCHOLOGIST IN 

557
00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:28,160
TRAINING FOR MY DISSERTATION 

558
00:25:28,160 --> 00:25:29,960
BASED ON MY CLINICAL WORK AND 

559
00:25:29,960 --> 00:25:33,680
ALL MY TRAINING I KNEW I FIGURED

560
00:25:33,680 --> 00:25:38,560
OUT FIBROMYALGIA DUE TO PAIN 

561
00:25:38,560 --> 00:25:39,840
CATASTROPHIZING AND DID MY 

562
00:25:39,840 --> 00:25:41,680
DISSERTATION ON THAT.  IT WAS 

563
00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:43,120
IMPORTANT BUT SURE DIDN'T TELL 

564
00:25:43,120 --> 00:25:44,280
THE WHOLE STORY. 

565
00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:48,960
LOOKING AT OUR DATA WE SAW AN 

566
00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:50,840
INCREDIBLE MIX OF BAG OF 

567
00:25:50,840 --> 00:25:52,600
INDIVIDUALS EMOTIONAL AND 

568
00:25:52,600 --> 00:25:55,040
EFFECTIVE AND BEHAVIORAL STYLES 

569
00:25:55,040 --> 00:25:56,760
AND PEOPLE THRIVING DESPITE 

570
00:25:56,760 --> 00:25:58,480
CHRONIC PAIN.  THAT MESSED UP MY

571
00:25:58,480 --> 00:25:59,760
RESEARCH FOR A WHILE. 

572
00:25:59,760 --> 00:26:01,400
I WENT BACK AND THOUGHT, YOU 

573
00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:06,480
KNOW WHAT?  I WILL DOUBLE DOWN 

574
00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:08,760
ON PSYCH CO-MORE IDTY AND 

575
00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:10,520
NATIONAL INSTITUTE AT MENTAL 

576
00:26:10,520 --> 00:26:12,560
HEALTH WAS KIND ENOUGH TO GIVE 

577
00:26:12,560 --> 00:26:16,080
ME A K08 AND STUDIED WITH 

578
00:26:16,080 --> 00:26:19,520
COLLEAGUE AND MENTOR LEN 

579
00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:26,680
SOOEGLE.  WE STUDIED CHRONIC 

580
00:26:26,680 --> 00:26:33,160
LYME DISEASE LIKE INFECTIOUS 

581
00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:35,200
TRIGGERED MAIALGIA BUT LET'S 

582
00:26:35,200 --> 00:26:36,560
UNDERSTAND WHAT IS GOING ON 

583
00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:40,240
THERE I PUBLISHED MY PAPERS AND 

584
00:26:40,240 --> 00:26:42,040
FOUND SAME THING GRIFRJ SITTING 

585
00:26:42,040 --> 00:26:44,240
ON TOP OF MOUNT CRUMB PET 

586
00:26:44,240 --> 00:26:45,720
LOOKING DOWN ON WHOVILLE GOING 

587
00:26:45,720 --> 00:26:48,560
YOU HAVE INCREDIBLE PAIN AND 

588
00:26:48,560 --> 00:26:51,440
HAVE LO S AND LOST FRIENDSHIPS 

589
00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:53,000
RELATIONSHIPS AND YOUR JOB AND 

590
00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:55,840
YET YOU MOTOR ON.  WHAT IS THAT?

591
00:26:55,840 --> 00:27:00,160
WE WENT BACK TO LITERATURE AND 

592
00:27:00,160 --> 00:27:02,800
STARTED TO THINK WHAT DO WE CALL

593
00:27:02,800 --> 00:27:05,800
THIS?  WHAT IS THIS THING?  

594
00:27:05,800 --> 00:27:07,960
PAPER BY BARBARA FREDERICK THIS 

595
00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:10,280
IS HER THEORY I WILL TALK ABOUT 

596
00:27:10,280 --> 00:27:11,840
A LITTLE BIT AND SET PREDICATE 

597
00:27:11,840 --> 00:27:13,840
FOR HOW POSITIVE EMOTIONS MIGHT 

598
00:27:13,840 --> 00:27:17,880
HAVE A ROLE AND VERY 

599
00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:19,960
CONSERVATIVE AMERICAN 

600
00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:21,680
PSYCHOLOGIST PUBLISHED ENTIRE 

601
00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:26,080
ADDITION DEDICATED TO POSITIVE 

602
00:27:26,080 --> 00:27:29,640
PSYCHOLOGY IN FIELD OF PAIN AND 

603
00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:31,520
RESILIENCE WERE PEERS.  

604
00:27:31,520 --> 00:27:33,400
[INDISCERNIBLE] FROM ARIZONA 

605
00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:34,760
STATE UNIVERSITY LED THE WAY 

606
00:27:34,760 --> 00:27:36,440
TRAINING MANY PEOPLE DOING THIS 

607
00:27:36,440 --> 00:27:37,400
WORK TODAY. 

608
00:27:37,400 --> 00:27:39,160
COLLEAGUES TOO FROM ACROSS THE 

609
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:41,520
POND WERE CONTRIBUTING ALSO TO 

610
00:27:41,520 --> 00:27:44,000
THIS NOTION OF PAIN AND 

611
00:27:44,000 --> 00:27:44,280
RESILIENCE. 

612
00:27:44,280 --> 00:27:48,840
AND SO I WENT BACK TO MY K DATA 

613
00:27:48,840 --> 00:27:49,000
P. 

614
00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:54,280
I KNEW I TOSSED IN POSITIVE AND 

615
00:27:54,280 --> 00:27:57,800
NEGATIVE AFFECT SCALE CAN WE 

616
00:27:57,800 --> 00:27:59,440
CATEGORIZE PEOPLE BY EFFECTIVE 

617
00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:01,480
BALANCE AND WE ARE A BUNDLE OF 

618
00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:02,560
BALANCE OF THESE. 

619
00:28:02,560 --> 00:28:05,160
SO, WE WENT BACK AND THOUGHT, 

620
00:28:05,160 --> 00:28:07,160
OKAY.  IF SOMEBODY HAS HIGH 

621
00:28:07,160 --> 00:28:08,680
NEGATIVE AFFECT AND LOW POSITIVE

622
00:28:08,680 --> 00:28:10,960
AFFECT THAT IS WHAT WE SEE IN 

623
00:28:10,960 --> 00:28:12,480
DEPRESSION AND WOULD BE A 

624
00:28:12,480 --> 00:28:14,280
DEPRESSIVE STYLE.  WE HAVE 

625
00:28:14,280 --> 00:28:15,840
PEOPLE WITH HIGH POSITIVE AFFECT

626
00:28:15,840 --> 00:28:17,000
AND LOW NEGATIVE AFFECT.  THAT 

627
00:28:17,000 --> 00:28:19,520
IS HEALTHY AND WHAT WE HOPE FOR 

628
00:28:19,520 --> 00:28:22,360
AND WHAT BARBARA FREDERICKSON 

629
00:28:22,360 --> 00:28:24,160
WAS WRITING ABOUT IN HER THEORY 

630
00:28:24,160 --> 00:28:25,880
AND WE SAW UNUSUAL PEOPLE WHO 

631
00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:28,000
HAD LOW POSITIVE AFFECT AND LOW 

632
00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:30,880
NEGATIVE AFFECT.  THEY ARE 

633
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:32,720
MELLOW AND MAYBE ANHEDONIC AND 

634
00:28:32,720 --> 00:28:34,120
WASN'T CLEAR AND CALLED THEM 

635
00:28:34,120 --> 00:28:37,760
LOWS AND FOLKS A LOT LIKE MY 

636
00:28:37,760 --> 00:28:40,000
HISPANIC FAMILY ARE VERY FIERY 

637
00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:43,200
AND LOTS OF AFFECT POSITIVE AND 

638
00:28:43,200 --> 00:28:45,840
NEGATIVE AFFECT AND CALLED THEM 

639
00:28:45,840 --> 00:28:47,680
REACTIVES FOR LACK OF A BETTER 

640
00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:50,600
TERM AND IT PANNED OUT 

641
00:28:50,600 --> 00:28:54,920
DEPRESSIVE STATE WAS COMMON IN 

642
00:28:54,920 --> 00:28:58,680
FIBROMYALGIA AND DEPRESSIVE 

643
00:28:58,680 --> 00:29:01,040
STYLE DEPICTED THINGS BAD.  NO 

644
00:29:01,040 --> 00:29:02,520
GROUNDBREAKING HERE.  WE KNOW 

645
00:29:02,520 --> 00:29:05,080
DEPRESSION IS BAD BUT WE STARTED

646
00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:08,120
TO SEE SUBTLE DIFFERENCES LOW 

647
00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:11,560
STYLE POSITIVE AFFECTS AND LOW 

648
00:29:11,560 --> 00:29:13,320
STY WITH HIGH AFFECT IN CONTEXT 

649
00:29:13,320 --> 00:29:14,880
OF HIGH NEGATIVE AFFECT AND 

650
00:29:14,880 --> 00:29:19,000
FUTURE ME WORKED WITH MY BUDDY 

651
00:29:19,000 --> 00:29:21,600
KIM AND DOVE INTO AFFECT BALANCE

652
00:29:21,600 --> 00:29:22,160
STYLE. 

653
00:29:22,160 --> 00:29:24,560
WE FOUND THAT ACTUALLY THIS 

654
00:29:24,560 --> 00:29:26,840
REACTIVE STYLE OR ADDITIONAL 

655
00:29:26,840 --> 00:29:28,720
POSITIVE AFFECT SEEMS TO BUFFER 

656
00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:31,080
AND PEOPLE WITH REACTIVE STYLE 

657
00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:33,240
DO BETTEDER THAN DEPRESSIVE 

658
00:29:33,240 --> 00:29:35,800
STYLE.  WE SAW THAT EVEN IN 

659
00:29:35,800 --> 00:29:37,520
HEALTHY SAMPLES THIS PLAYED OUT 

660
00:29:37,520 --> 00:29:40,000
AND THAT REACTIVE STYLE AND 

661
00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:41,360
HAVING POSITIVE AFFECT TO BUFFER

662
00:29:41,360 --> 00:29:42,840
NEGATIVE AFFECT WAS REALLY 

663
00:29:42,840 --> 00:29:43,600
IMPORTANT. 

664
00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:45,440
OKAY.  THAT WAS FUTURE ME. 

665
00:29:45,440 --> 00:29:46,960
NOW, BACK TO MY CRISIS. 

666
00:29:46,960 --> 00:29:50,240
I WAS DOING CONSULTING FOR A 

667
00:29:50,240 --> 00:29:52,720
LARGE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY 

668
00:29:52,720 --> 00:29:54,240
WORKING WITH GLOBAL OUTCOMES 

669
00:29:54,240 --> 00:29:56,560
TEAM WHO CALLED ME UP ONE DAY.  

670
00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:58,240
HEY, COULD YOU GET OVER HERE?  

671
00:29:58,240 --> 00:29:59,600
WE NEED YOU TO SEE THIS.  THIS 

672
00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:02,040
IS AMAZING AND I EXAM PERKED 

673
00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:04,240
OVER THERE.  THEY SAID WE 

674
00:30:04,240 --> 00:30:06,560
CONDUCTED A LARGE CLINICAL TRIAL

675
00:30:06,560 --> 00:30:09,120
IN BIOLOGICS AND WE DID 

676
00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:11,680
RECORDINGS OF ALL SUBSET OF 

677
00:30:11,680 --> 00:30:12,720
PARTICIPANTS BEFORE AND AFTER 

678
00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:15,960
THE DRUG TRIAL. 

679
00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:18,360
THESE ARE BEFORES.  THEY SHOWED 

680
00:30:18,360 --> 00:30:20,440
VIDEOS THAT ARE PRETTY UNIFORMLY

681
00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:22,280
SAD AND PEOPLE HAVING A VERY 

682
00:30:22,280 --> 00:30:23,200
DIFFICULT TIME TALKING ABOUT 

683
00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:27,160
WHAT IS IT IS LIKE AND HOW 

684
00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:28,640
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IMPACTED 

685
00:30:28,640 --> 00:30:29,840
THEIR LIVE AND WHAT THEY CARE 

686
00:30:29,840 --> 00:30:32,040
ABOUT IN LIFE IS SOMETHING THEY 

687
00:30:32,040 --> 00:30:34,720
NO LONGER CAN ASPIRE TO DO OR GO

688
00:30:34,720 --> 00:30:35,000
TO. 

689
00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:37,600
THEY SHOWED ME A WHOLE SET OF 

690
00:30:37,600 --> 00:30:39,840
VIDEOS THAT WERE TAKEN AFTER 

691
00:30:39,840 --> 00:30:41,160
DRUG TRIALS THAT IS A VERY 

692
00:30:41,160 --> 00:30:42,720
SUCCESSFUL TRIAL AND SHOWED ME 

693
00:30:42,720 --> 00:30:44,120
ANOTHER GROUP OF PEOPLE AND 

694
00:30:44,120 --> 00:30:44,920
WATCHED THESE PEOPLE AND OH, 

695
00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:47,440
THIS IS AN ENTIRELY DIFFERENT. 

696
00:30:47,440 --> 00:30:49,160
I'M A PSYCHOLOGIST AND HAD 

697
00:30:49,160 --> 00:30:50,560
TRAINING AND RECOGNIZE WHAT THAT

698
00:30:50,560 --> 00:30:52,800
IS.  THAT IS HAPPINESS.  IN BACK

699
00:30:52,800 --> 00:30:54,440
OF MY MIND I'M THINKING I HAVE 

700
00:30:54,440 --> 00:30:57,600
NO IDEA HOW TO STUDY HAPPINESS. 

701
00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:00,600
SO, BACK TO THE CRISIS.  I'M 

702
00:31:00,600 --> 00:31:02,200
DRIVING BACK TO MY OFFICE 

703
00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:03,560
THINKING, YOU KNOW WHAT?  

704
00:31:03,560 --> 00:31:05,840
I NEED TO TALK TO SOMEBODY WHO 

705
00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:07,120
UNDERSTANDS THIS.  THIS BECAME 

706
00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:09,240
AN OPPORTUNITY. 

707
00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:11,400
ACTUALLY, IT BECAME KIND OF 

708
00:31:11,400 --> 00:31:14,960
EMBLEMATIC OF MY ENTIRE CAREER. 

709
00:31:14,960 --> 00:31:15,880
KIND OF DUMB LUCK TOO. 

710
00:31:15,880 --> 00:31:18,160
I REACHED OUT TO THE MAN WHO WAS

711
00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:20,800
A FORMER PRESIDENT OF AMERICAN 

712
00:31:20,800 --> 00:31:22,360
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION AND 

713
00:31:22,360 --> 00:31:24,240
FATHER OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 

714
00:31:24,240 --> 00:31:25,680
AND GIANT IN THE FIELD AND WROTE

715
00:31:25,680 --> 00:31:31,200
HIM A LITTLE E-MAIL.  HEY DR. 

716
00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:32,600
SELLIGMAN.  HE WROTE BACK.  WE 

717
00:31:32,600 --> 00:31:35,120
-- I TOLD HIM ABOUT OUR 

718
00:31:35,120 --> 00:31:36,800
CONUNDRUM AND HAVE NO IDEA HOW 

719
00:31:36,800 --> 00:31:38,560
TO STUDY THIS COULD YOU PLEASE 

720
00:31:38,560 --> 00:31:40,840
TALK TO US?  WEEK LATER HE IS 

721
00:31:40,840 --> 00:31:43,360
SITTING ACROSS FROM US AND 

722
00:31:43,360 --> 00:31:44,000
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY 

723
00:31:44,000 --> 00:31:46,480
COLLEAGUES AT STARBUCKS HE IS 

724
00:31:46,480 --> 00:31:48,280
EATING EGG SALAD SANDWICH I 

725
00:31:48,280 --> 00:31:50,120
REMEMBER THESE THINGS AND HE 

726
00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:52,720
BEGINS TO TELL US ABOUT 

727
00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:54,800
PHILOSOPHY AND SAYS THAT WE 

728
00:31:54,800 --> 00:31:56,560
PSYCHOLOGISTS DO A BEAUTIFUL JOB

729
00:31:56,560 --> 00:31:57,960
OF ALL THAT GOES WRONG WITH 

730
00:31:57,960 --> 00:31:59,760
HUMAN BEINGS AND WE STRIVE TO 

731
00:31:59,760 --> 00:32:02,120
MAKE THIS STUFF GO AWAY AND TRY 

732
00:32:02,120 --> 00:32:04,680
TO GET PEOPLE BACK TO ZERO.  

733
00:32:04,680 --> 00:32:06,000
PROBLEM IS TOO FEW PEOPLE THINK 

734
00:32:06,000 --> 00:32:08,360
ABOUT ALL OF THE AFFECTS AND 

735
00:32:08,360 --> 00:32:09,880
PROCESSES THAT ARE NORTH OF 

736
00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:10,080
ZERO. 

737
00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:12,320
THESE ARE THE THINGS THAT HELP 

738
00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:13,720
US BUILD RESILIENCE. 

739
00:32:13,720 --> 00:32:17,960
THEY ARE PROTECTIVE AGAINST ALL 

740
00:32:17,960 --> 00:32:18,960
BAD THINGS. 

741
00:32:18,960 --> 00:32:21,720
SO, RESILIENCE, THAT WHICH DOES 

742
00:32:21,720 --> 00:32:24,480
NOT KILL ME WILL MAKE ME 

743
00:32:24,480 --> 00:32:24,720
STRONGER. 

744
00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:26,760
PRETTY SIMPLE; RIGHT?  

745
00:32:26,760 --> 00:32:27,800
OR NOT. 

746
00:32:27,800 --> 00:32:30,360
SO, THERE ARE LOTS OF COMPETING 

747
00:32:30,360 --> 00:32:31,640
THEORIES ABOUT RESILIENCE. 

748
00:32:31,640 --> 00:32:33,680
THESE ARE REALLY PASSIONATELY 

749
00:32:33,680 --> 00:32:36,960
HELD.  THIS IS AN ARTISTIC 

750
00:32:36,960 --> 00:32:40,040
DEPICTION OF LAST INTERNATIONAL 

751
00:32:40,040 --> 00:32:42,640
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY MEETING 

752
00:32:42,640 --> 00:32:44,040
WHERE RESILIENCE WAS DEBATED 

753
00:32:44,040 --> 00:32:46,040
HOTLY AND WE DON'T REALLY KNOW 

754
00:32:46,040 --> 00:32:48,360
BUT KNOW THERE ARE SOME SHARED 

755
00:32:48,360 --> 00:32:49,680
PRINCIPLES WE CAN HANG OUR HATS 

756
00:32:49,680 --> 00:32:52,120
ON AND FIRST OF ALL FOR 

757
00:32:52,120 --> 00:32:54,600
RESILIENCE TO MEAN ANYTHING, WE 

758
00:32:54,600 --> 00:32:56,720
DID ADVERSITY AND LOOK AT 

759
00:32:56,720 --> 00:32:58,000
ABILITY TO BOUNCE BACK. 

760
00:32:58,000 --> 00:32:59,720
WE ALSO THINK THAT RESILIENCE IS

761
00:32:59,720 --> 00:33:01,720
A TRAIT. 

762
00:33:01,720 --> 00:33:05,160
IT IS ALSO A DYNAMIC AND 

763
00:33:05,160 --> 00:33:06,720
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AND SOMETHING 

764
00:33:06,720 --> 00:33:08,160
THAT COULD BE A STATE. 

765
00:33:08,160 --> 00:33:11,440
AS SUCH, IT COULD BE A MALIABLE 

766
00:33:11,440 --> 00:33:12,960
FACTOR AND SOMETHING WE CAN 

767
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:15,200
TRAIN AND TEACH AND HELP TO 

768
00:33:15,200 --> 00:33:16,040
IMPROVE. 

769
00:33:16,040 --> 00:33:18,120
SO, WHEN WE THINK ABOUT HUMANS, 

770
00:33:18,120 --> 00:33:21,080
THEY ARE NOT REALLY RESILIENT OR

771
00:33:21,080 --> 00:33:22,720
NOT RESILIENT.  THAT IS NOT 

772
00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:24,480
WHERE WE REALLY ARE.  THERE IS 

773
00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:27,320
LOW RESILIENCE AND MODERATE 

774
00:33:27,320 --> 00:33:28,680
RESILIENCE AND HOPEFULLY HAVE 

775
00:33:28,680 --> 00:33:30,120
MORE HIGH RESILIENCE AND IS 

776
00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:32,400
ANOTHER STATE THAT IS KNOWN AS 

777
00:33:32,400 --> 00:33:33,320
THRIVING.  

778
00:33:33,320 --> 00:33:35,280
THIS IS WHERE PEOPLE DO EVEN 

779
00:33:35,280 --> 00:33:38,360
BETTER THAN EXPECTED AFTER A 

780
00:33:38,360 --> 00:33:38,800
SETBACK. 

781
00:33:38,800 --> 00:33:40,160
THEIR LIFE MIGHT BE RICHER THAN 

782
00:33:40,160 --> 00:33:41,640
BEFORE AND THEY HAVE LEARNED 

783
00:33:41,640 --> 00:33:43,320
SOMETHING INCREDIBLE ABOUT 

784
00:33:43,320 --> 00:33:45,480
THEMSELVES AND THEY FIND LIFE 

785
00:33:45,480 --> 00:33:46,600
MORE REWARDING BECAUSE OF WHAT 

786
00:33:46,600 --> 00:33:48,480
THEY HAVE BEEN THROUGH. 

787
00:33:48,480 --> 00:33:50,720
SO, PEOPLE IN THIS THRIVING 

788
00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:52,960
CATEGORY JUST EMBRACE THESE 

789
00:33:52,960 --> 00:33:54,880
PROCESSES AND POSITIVE 

790
00:33:54,880 --> 00:33:55,520
PROCESSES. 

791
00:33:55,520 --> 00:33:58,720
SO, THAT TAKES US TO RESILIENCE 

792
00:33:58,720 --> 00:34:01,160
AND PAIN.  RESILIENCE IS SIMPLE;

793
00:34:01,160 --> 00:34:01,880
RIGHT?  

794
00:34:01,880 --> 00:34:03,840
WE ADD IN ONE OF THE MOST 

795
00:34:03,840 --> 00:34:05,680
COMPLEX THINGS WE HAVE HAD TO 

796
00:34:05,680 --> 00:34:06,600
STUDY, PAIN. 

797
00:34:06,600 --> 00:34:08,320
WHAT DO WE HAVE?  

798
00:34:08,320 --> 00:34:08,720
RIGHT?  

799
00:34:08,720 --> 00:34:10,960
PAIN IS WEIRD.  WE CAN AGREE IT 

800
00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:12,200
IS JUST THAT SIMPLE. 

801
00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:14,240
IT IT IS FASCINATING BECAUSE IT 

802
00:34:14,240 --> 00:34:17,280
IS A COMBINATION OF SENSORY 

803
00:34:17,280 --> 00:34:19,400
EFFECTIVE COGNITIVE AND 

804
00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:20,800
INTENTIONAL PROCESSES AND MANY 

805
00:34:20,800 --> 00:34:23,000
PROCESSES ARE PROCESSED IN THE 

806
00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:25,440
BRAIN BY SIMILAR STRUCTURES. 

807
00:34:25,440 --> 00:34:27,480
EXACT SAME STRUCTURES OR 

808
00:34:27,480 --> 00:34:29,880
STRUCTURES THAT ARE 

809
00:34:29,880 --> 00:34:30,600
INTERCONNECTED.  

810
00:34:30,600 --> 00:34:33,480
AS SUCH, WE END UP WITH A 

811
00:34:33,480 --> 00:34:34,880
STRANGE NATURE OF PAIN WE TRY TO

812
00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:37,280
GET OUR HANDS AROUND DEVELOPING 

813
00:34:37,280 --> 00:34:39,320
APPROACHES TO SUPPORTING OUR 

814
00:34:39,320 --> 00:34:39,680
PATIENT. 

815
00:34:39,680 --> 00:34:42,960
ONE THOUGHT IS TISSUE DAMAGE AND

816
00:34:42,960 --> 00:34:45,560
INFLAMMATION, OPTIONAL; RIGHT?  

817
00:34:45,560 --> 00:34:48,320
WE SEE WITH NOSI PLASTIC PAIN 

818
00:34:48,320 --> 00:34:50,840
PAIN COULD BE MADE WORSE BY THE 

819
00:34:50,840 --> 00:34:52,560
PAIN OR COMPLETELY GENERATED BY 

820
00:34:52,560 --> 00:34:54,200
THE BRAIN. 

821
00:34:54,200 --> 00:34:57,920
WE HAVE A BOAT LOAD OF ARTICLES,

822
00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:00,680
REVIEWS THAT TELL US THAT 

823
00:35:00,680 --> 00:35:03,920
MALADAPTIVE THOUGHTS PAIN 

824
00:35:03,920 --> 00:35:06,160
CATASTROPHIZING FEAR OF VOICE 

825
00:35:06,160 --> 00:35:10,840
AND PESSIMISM MAKE LIFE WORSE 

826
00:35:10,840 --> 00:35:12,920
AND ADAPTIVE THOUGHTS COULD MAKE

827
00:35:12,920 --> 00:35:15,600
PAIN BETTER NEGATIVE INTENSE 

828
00:35:15,600 --> 00:35:17,240
EMOTION MAKES PAIN WORSE AND 

829
00:35:17,240 --> 00:35:19,400
INTENSE POSITIVE EMOTION MAKES 

830
00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:20,440
PAIN BETTER.  ATTENTION AND 

831
00:35:20,440 --> 00:35:23,080
DISTRACTION IS REALLY POWERFUL 

832
00:35:23,080 --> 00:35:25,680
AND THIS REPRESENTS A STUDY BY 

833
00:35:25,680 --> 00:35:28,080
FRYE AND OUR STUDY LOOKING AT 

834
00:35:28,080 --> 00:35:30,640
EARLY STAGE LABOR GIVING WOMEN 

835
00:35:30,640 --> 00:35:33,280
VIRTUAL REALITY GOGGLES FOR 

836
00:35:33,280 --> 00:35:34,840
EVERY CONTRACTION TO SEE HOW IT 

837
00:35:34,840 --> 00:35:36,880
WOULD GO AND WONDERED IF THEY 

838
00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:40,440
WOULD DO IT AND THEY LOVED THEM 

839
00:35:40,440 --> 00:35:41,120
AND IF THEY WOULD GET NAUSEOUS 

840
00:35:41,120 --> 00:35:43,240
AND THEY DIDN'T AND CONTRACTIONS

841
00:35:43,240 --> 00:35:46,840
THEY ASKED FOR GOGGLES THIS IS A

842
00:35:46,840 --> 00:35:50,040
FASCINATING NEW FRONTIER FOR 

843
00:35:50,040 --> 00:35:52,760
PAIN AND BRENNAN AND OTHERS ARE 

844
00:35:52,760 --> 00:35:54,760
DOING REMARKABLE WORK IN THIS 

845
00:35:54,760 --> 00:35:57,880
AREA.  SOCIAL ISOLATION AND DR. 

846
00:35:57,880 --> 00:36:01,400
D'SOUZA TALKED ABOUT POWER OF 

847
00:36:01,400 --> 00:36:02,440
LONELINESS AND 

848
00:36:02,440 --> 00:36:03,080
INTERCONNECTEDNESS AND SURGEON 

849
00:36:03,080 --> 00:36:08,760
GENERAL PUT THIS TO FOREFRONT.  

850
00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:10,680
SOCIAL ISOLATION AND REJECTION 

851
00:36:10,680 --> 00:36:11,680
MAKE PAIN WORSE SOCIAL 

852
00:36:11,680 --> 00:36:15,120
CONNECTION AND SUPPORT AND 

853
00:36:15,120 --> 00:36:17,400
DANCING TOGETHER IN SIN KRON ANY

854
00:36:17,400 --> 00:36:20,680
TO GANG HAM STYLE MAKES PAIN 

855
00:36:20,680 --> 00:36:23,120
BETTER IT IS A STUDY PAIN IS 

856
00:36:23,120 --> 00:36:25,160
DYNAMIC AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL AND

857
00:36:25,160 --> 00:36:26,880
APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING AND 

858
00:36:26,880 --> 00:36:29,600
IMPROVING RESILIENCE NEEDS TO BE

859
00:36:29,600 --> 00:36:31,280
DYNAMIC AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL 

860
00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:31,640
TOO. 

861
00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:33,840
I WILL TALK ABOUT TWO MODELS. 

862
00:36:33,840 --> 00:36:35,360
THERE IS MANY MORE. 

863
00:36:35,360 --> 00:36:38,080
BRIEFLY, YOU WILL HEAR FROM 

864
00:36:38,080 --> 00:36:41,320
EMILY BARKLEY IN A LITTLE BIT 

865
00:36:41,320 --> 00:36:45,440
AND COLLEAGUES PUT TOGETHER WHAT

866
00:36:45,440 --> 00:36:47,840
I REALLY MODEL I REALLY LIKE 

867
00:36:47,840 --> 00:36:49,160
ABOUT PAIN RESILIENCE. 

868
00:36:49,160 --> 00:36:51,440
WHAT THEY SAY IS A COMBINATION 

869
00:36:51,440 --> 00:36:54,320
OF PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND 

870
00:36:54,320 --> 00:36:57,920
BIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH LIFESTYLE 

871
00:36:57,920 --> 00:37:00,000
FACTORS COULD COMBINE 

872
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:02,080
SYNERGISTICALLY TO HAVE 

873
00:37:02,080 --> 00:37:03,400
MULTIDIMENSIONAL PAIN RESILIENCE

874
00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:06,360
THAT INVOLVES OVER THE LIFE 

875
00:37:06,360 --> 00:37:09,760
CYCLE AND ENVIRONMENTAL 

876
00:37:09,760 --> 00:37:10,360
SOCIOCULTURAL ENVIRONMENT 

877
00:37:10,360 --> 00:37:12,640
FACTORS AND HEALTHY PAIN 

878
00:37:12,640 --> 00:37:15,840
ADAPTATION AND IMPROVED QUALITY 

879
00:37:15,840 --> 00:37:18,680
OF LIFE AND INCREASED FUNCTION 

880
00:37:18,680 --> 00:37:23,400
AND REDUCED PAIN. 

881
00:37:23,400 --> 00:37:25,880
I HAVE A RESILIENT KIN DRID 

882
00:37:25,880 --> 00:37:28,720
SPIRIT IN MY GROUP.  HE 

883
00:37:28,720 --> 00:37:31,120
PUBLISHED A LOVELY EFFECTIVE 

884
00:37:31,120 --> 00:37:33,640
MODEL OF PAIN ADAPTATION 

885
00:37:33,640 --> 00:37:34,920
RESILIENCE RESOURCES COMBINED 

886
00:37:34,920 --> 00:37:36,400
WITH MECHANISMS TO INFLUENCE 

887
00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:38,200
COPING RESPONSES WHILE 

888
00:37:38,200 --> 00:37:39,800
VULNERABILITY TRAITS AND 

889
00:37:39,800 --> 00:37:41,200
MECHANISMS ALSO INFLUENCE COPING

890
00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:44,480
RESOURCES AND WHAT WE GET ARE 

891
00:37:44,480 --> 00:37:46,560
RESILIENCE OUTCOMES AND DEGREE 

892
00:37:46,560 --> 00:37:48,520
TO WHICH SOMEBODY CAN RECOVER 

893
00:37:48,520 --> 00:37:50,920
AND DEGREE TO WHICH THEY SUSTAIN

894
00:37:50,920 --> 00:37:52,920
DOING VALUABLE LIFE ACTIVITIES 

895
00:37:52,920 --> 00:37:55,200
AND DEGREE TO WHICH THEY MIGHT 

896
00:37:55,200 --> 00:37:57,000
THRIVE OR GROW FROM PAIN AND IS 

897
00:37:57,000 --> 00:37:59,360
A LITTLE GENERIC MODEL AND LESS 

898
00:37:59,360 --> 00:38:02,320
ABOUT PAIN ITSELF AND MORE ABOUT

899
00:38:02,320 --> 00:38:02,600
ADAPTATION. 

900
00:38:02,600 --> 00:38:05,920
AND THEN I HAD JUST A DELIGHTFUL

901
00:38:05,920 --> 00:38:07,560
EXPERIENCE WORKING WITH 

902
00:38:07,560 --> 00:38:09,600
COLLEAGUE PATRICK AND PUTTING 

903
00:38:09,600 --> 00:38:11,400
TOGETHER A KIND OF OVERVIEW 

904
00:38:11,400 --> 00:38:14,280
ABOUT THE ROLE OF RESILIENCE IN 

905
00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:16,160
CLINICAL PAIN AND FOCUSED ON 

906
00:38:16,160 --> 00:38:17,640
POSITIVE ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS 

907
00:38:17,640 --> 00:38:20,040
WE WILL TALK ABOUT IN A BIT AND 

908
00:38:20,040 --> 00:38:23,480
ARE GRATITUDE AND ACTS OF 

909
00:38:23,480 --> 00:38:25,280
KINDNESS AND UNDERSTANDING 

910
00:38:25,280 --> 00:38:28,360
CHARACTER STRENGTHS WE LIKE THEM

911
00:38:28,360 --> 00:38:30,320
THEY ARE ENGAGING AND SCALEABLE 

912
00:38:30,320 --> 00:38:33,040
AND WORK AT ENHANCING RESILIENCE

913
00:38:33,040 --> 00:38:35,120
THROUGH UPREGULATION OF POSITIVE

914
00:38:35,120 --> 00:38:35,560
EMOTION. 

915
00:38:35,560 --> 00:38:38,360
WE CONSIDERED I WILL LET 

916
00:38:38,360 --> 00:38:41,160
EVERYBODY ELSE PROBABLY TOO 

917
00:38:41,160 --> 00:38:43,000
RESILIENCE WITH TRAIT RESOURCES 

918
00:38:43,000 --> 00:38:44,400
AND STATE MECHANISMS AND 

919
00:38:44,400 --> 00:38:46,320
QUESTIONS WE END IT BY END OF 

920
00:38:46,320 --> 00:38:49,960
THE PAPER WERE SHOULD RESILIENCE

921
00:38:49,960 --> 00:38:51,400
INTERVENTIONS TARGET RESILIENCE 

922
00:38:51,400 --> 00:38:53,600
TRAITS IN EFFORT TO 

923
00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:56,200
FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGE PERSON'S 

924
00:38:56,200 --> 00:38:59,400
APPROACH AND LIFE TO CHRONIC 

925
00:38:59,400 --> 00:39:02,280
FOCUS ON MECHANISMS MEDIATING 

926
00:39:02,280 --> 00:39:03,480
PERSONALITY STYLE AND CHRONIC 

927
00:39:03,480 --> 00:39:06,160
PAIN ADAPTATION?  

928
00:39:06,160 --> 00:39:07,120
WE DON'T KNOW. 

929
00:39:07,120 --> 00:39:09,360
WHY BOTHER WITH RESILIENCE?  WE 

930
00:39:09,360 --> 00:39:10,840
DO GOOD WITH RISK FACTORS WE 

931
00:39:10,840 --> 00:39:13,560
KNOW ABOUT THAT.  WHY RESILIENCE

932
00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:15,000
THAT STRONGLY PREDICTS PAIN 

933
00:39:15,000 --> 00:39:16,520
OUTCOMES INCLUDING WHETHER OR 

934
00:39:16,520 --> 00:39:20,520
NOT SOMEBODY HAS PAIN AND WILL 

935
00:39:20,520 --> 00:39:22,280
PREDICT WHETHER SOMEONE'S PAIN 

936
00:39:22,280 --> 00:39:26,000
IS FOCAL ORE WIDESPREAD AND 

937
00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:29,160
DISABILITY PAIN INTERFERENCE 

938
00:39:29,160 --> 00:39:31,400
POOR SLEEP AND PSYCHIATRIC 

939
00:39:31,400 --> 00:39:32,920
SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL 

940
00:39:32,920 --> 00:39:34,760
ADAPTATION AND THEY ARE 

941
00:39:34,760 --> 00:39:36,720
IMPORTANT AND RESILIENCE 

942
00:39:36,720 --> 00:39:38,600
MATTERS.  I SHOW YOU THE SLIDE 

943
00:39:38,600 --> 00:39:41,240
AND WANT TO SHOW YOU HIGHLAND 

944
00:39:41,240 --> 00:39:44,320
CATTLE I AM OBSESSED WITH LOVELY

945
00:39:44,320 --> 00:39:46,920
10-YEAR COHORT STUDY LOOKING AT 

946
00:39:46,920 --> 00:39:48,560
6,000 INDIVIDUALS AND DETERMINE 

947
00:39:48,560 --> 00:39:50,600
THAT MOST RESILIENT PEOPLE AND 

948
00:39:50,600 --> 00:39:52,760
PEOPLE WITH HIGH PAIN AND LOW 

949
00:39:52,760 --> 00:39:54,800
DISABILITY WERE 25% LESS LIKELY 

950
00:39:54,800 --> 00:39:57,240
TO DIE IN 10 YEARS. 

951
00:39:57,240 --> 00:39:58,560
COMPARED TO VULNERABLE PEOPLE 

952
00:39:58,560 --> 00:40:01,240
THAT WERE DEFINED AS HAVING LOW 

953
00:40:01,240 --> 00:40:02,640
LEVELS OF PAIN AND HIGH 

954
00:40:02,640 --> 00:40:03,240
DISABILITY.  

955
00:40:03,240 --> 00:40:06,080
THEY WERE 45% MORE LIKELY TO 

956
00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:06,280
DIE. 

957
00:40:06,280 --> 00:40:08,680
THIS IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR. 

958
00:40:08,680 --> 00:40:11,240
I AM A GOLFER AND WHEN I'M NOT 

959
00:40:11,240 --> 00:40:12,480
THINKING ABOUT HOW TO KEEP MY 

960
00:40:12,480 --> 00:40:14,720
BALL OUT OF THE TREES I THINK 

961
00:40:14,720 --> 00:40:16,320
THAT THERE IS A LOT ABOUT WHAT 

962
00:40:16,320 --> 00:40:18,560
IS GOING ON PSYCHOLOGICALLY AND 

963
00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:20,560
SOCIALLY AND HOW WE TRANSLATE 

964
00:40:20,560 --> 00:40:22,840
LEARNING WAYS TO HELP PATIENTS 

965
00:40:22,840 --> 00:40:24,600
BECOME MORE RESILIENT AND 

966
00:40:24,600 --> 00:40:26,480
PROVIDE THIS CONTEXT TALKING 

967
00:40:26,480 --> 00:40:29,000
ABOUT BASIC SCIENTISTS BEFORE WE

968
00:40:29,000 --> 00:40:30,640
JUMPED ON THE BAND AND WOW WE 

969
00:40:30,640 --> 00:40:32,480
COME AT THIS FROM SUCH DIFFERENT

970
00:40:32,480 --> 00:40:34,720
PLACES.  I'M SO INTERESTED IN 

971
00:40:34,720 --> 00:40:36,560
PHENOTYPE AND FACTORS PREDICTING

972
00:40:36,560 --> 00:40:39,240
PAIN OUTCOMES AND PUTTING 

973
00:40:39,240 --> 00:40:40,280
TREATMENTS BOOSTING EXISTING 

974
00:40:40,280 --> 00:40:42,400
THERAPIES AND USING STANDALONE 

975
00:40:42,400 --> 00:40:44,240
TREATMENTS AND WHAT THEORIES DO 

976
00:40:44,240 --> 00:40:45,880
WE RELY ON THAT ARE ALL OUT 

977
00:40:45,880 --> 00:40:49,440
THERE IN THE OPEN AND AS SUCH I 

978
00:40:49,440 --> 00:40:51,240
GROUPED NEXT SECTION OF MY TALK 

979
00:40:51,240 --> 00:40:53,040
AS JOY, OPTIMISM AND LOVE AND 

980
00:40:53,040 --> 00:40:54,880
TALKING ABOUT EACH OF THE 

981
00:40:54,880 --> 00:40:56,280
TOPICS, YOU WILL TALK ABOUT ONE 

982
00:40:56,280 --> 00:40:57,640
OF THE THREE THEORIES I THINK 

983
00:40:57,640 --> 00:41:00,200
ARE IMPORTANT FOR US TO 

984
00:41:00,200 --> 00:41:00,600
CONSIDER. 

985
00:41:00,600 --> 00:41:01,840
LET'S BEGIN WITH JOY. 

986
00:41:01,840 --> 00:41:04,720
JOY REFERS TO HEALTHY AND 

987
00:41:04,720 --> 00:41:05,360
POSITIVE EMOTIONS. 

988
00:41:05,360 --> 00:41:06,640
RIGHT?  

989
00:41:06,640 --> 00:41:08,080
WE TALKED ABOUT NEGATIVE 

990
00:41:08,080 --> 00:41:10,920
EMOTIONS THAT EXIST OUT THERE.  

991
00:41:10,920 --> 00:41:13,400
AND THIS IS IMPORTANT, AS I SAID

992
00:41:13,400 --> 00:41:14,480
BEFORE, BECAUSE NEGATIVE 

993
00:41:14,480 --> 00:41:16,240
EMOTIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH 

994
00:41:16,240 --> 00:41:17,680
EVERYTHING WE DON'T WANT TO HAVE

995
00:41:17,680 --> 00:41:19,280
IN CHRONIC PAIN. 

996
00:41:19,280 --> 00:41:21,320
LUCKILY, WE ARE MADE OF JUST 

997
00:41:21,320 --> 00:41:23,960
MORE NEGATIVE EMOTIONS AND WE 

998
00:41:23,960 --> 00:41:27,760
HAVE POSITIVE AFFECT AND GRATE 

999
00:41:27,760 --> 00:41:29,240
AFFECTIVE STATES AFFECTIVE LIKE 

1000
00:41:29,240 --> 00:41:31,440
JOY AND WHITE AFFECT LIKE CALM, 

1001
00:41:31,440 --> 00:41:32,840
DETERMINATION AND EMPATHY THAT 

1002
00:41:32,840 --> 00:41:34,560
ARE IMPORTANT IT TOO.  THERE IS 

1003
00:41:34,560 --> 00:41:37,120
A REALLY RICH SET OF DATE THAW 

1004
00:41:37,120 --> 00:41:39,000
TELLS US THAT POSITIVE AFFECTIVE

1005
00:41:39,000 --> 00:41:41,920
STATES REALLY MATTER IN CHRONIC 

1006
00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:43,720
PAIN OUTCOMES AS WELL. 

1007
00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:46,280
FIRST THEORY I WILL MENTION IS 

1008
00:41:46,280 --> 00:41:48,120
THAT ELUDED TO BEFORE, BROUGHT 

1009
00:41:48,120 --> 00:41:52,040
IN BUILD THEORY BY BARBARA 

1010
00:41:52,040 --> 00:41:53,480
FREDERICKSON MY PERSONAL HERO 

1011
00:41:53,480 --> 00:41:55,480
PUTTING FORWARD THAT POSITIVE 

1012
00:41:55,480 --> 00:41:57,600
EMOTIONS BUFFER EFFECTS OF 

1013
00:41:57,600 --> 00:41:59,880
NEGATIVE EMOTIONS LIKE SEEING IN

1014
00:41:59,880 --> 00:42:01,280
AFFECT BALANCE STYLE WORK AND DO

1015
00:42:01,280 --> 00:42:04,760
THIS BROADENING THOUGHT IN 

1016
00:42:04,760 --> 00:42:06,000
BEHAVIORAL REPERTOIRES AND MAKE 

1017
00:42:06,000 --> 00:42:07,840
THEM OPEN UP AND LOOK WIDELY AT 

1018
00:42:07,840 --> 00:42:09,600
THE WORLD AND THINKING IN OPEN 

1019
00:42:09,600 --> 00:42:12,240
AND NONJUDGMENTAL WAYS AND 

1020
00:42:12,240 --> 00:42:13,040
POSITIVE EMOTIONS THINKING ABOUT

1021
00:42:13,040 --> 00:42:15,120
BEING AT A PARTY SEEING A GROUP 

1022
00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:16,920
OF PEOPLE SMILING LOOKING CRANKY

1023
00:42:16,920 --> 00:42:20,720
WHERE DO YOU GO?  

1024
00:42:20,720 --> 00:42:21,600
POSITIVE EMOTIONS DRAW PEOPLE IN

1025
00:42:21,600 --> 00:42:24,440
LIKE BEES TO FLOWERS POSITIVE 

1026
00:42:24,440 --> 00:42:25,720
EMOTIONS BUILD CRITICAL 

1027
00:42:25,720 --> 00:42:28,320
RESOURCES WE NEED AND POSITIVE 

1028
00:42:28,320 --> 00:42:29,120
EMOTIONS DRIVE OFTEN GOOD 

1029
00:42:29,120 --> 00:42:31,080
SELF-CARE WHEN WE ARE HAPPY WE 

1030
00:42:31,080 --> 00:42:33,800
ARE MORE LIKELY TO EXERCISE AND 

1031
00:42:33,800 --> 00:42:36,000
SLEEP WELL AND EAT BETTER AND WE

1032
00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:38,200
FOLLOW PRESCRIPTIONS BETTER WHEN

1033
00:42:38,200 --> 00:42:39,920
IN A GOOD SPACE. 

1034
00:42:39,920 --> 00:42:43,360
BUT, THE BUGABOO IN CHRONIC PAIN

1035
00:42:43,360 --> 00:42:45,320
IS THAT NEGATIVE AFFECT TENDS TO

1036
00:42:45,320 --> 00:42:48,280
BE HIGH.  MAYBE MORE TROUBLING 

1037
00:42:48,280 --> 00:42:50,040
POSITIVE AFFECT TENDS TO BE VERY

1038
00:42:50,040 --> 00:42:52,520
LOW AND IN BOTTOM EXAMPLE OF 

1039
00:42:52,520 --> 00:42:55,800
CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN WE SEE A 

1040
00:42:55,800 --> 00:43:00,720
6-POINT ELEVATION COMPARED TO 

1041
00:43:00,720 --> 00:43:02,600
HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND NEGATIVE

1042
00:43:02,600 --> 00:43:04,760
AFFECT AND 10 POINT DECREASE IN 

1043
00:43:04,760 --> 00:43:08,160
AMOUNT OF POSITIVE AFFECT 

1044
00:43:08,160 --> 00:43:10,840
AVAILABLE THIS IS NOT GOOD FOR 

1045
00:43:10,840 --> 00:43:13,400
US TO THINK ABOUT COULD IT BE 

1046
00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:15,800
PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN DON'T 

1047
00:43:15,800 --> 00:43:17,520
DO THINGS THEY LOVE TO DO 

1048
00:43:17,520 --> 00:43:19,840
VALUABLE LIFE ACTIVITIES SPENT 

1049
00:43:19,840 --> 00:43:22,400
WITH PEOPLE THEY LOVE AND WHEN 

1050
00:43:22,400 --> 00:43:25,240
THEY DON'T WE START TO LOSE 

1051
00:43:25,240 --> 00:43:26,680
RELATIONSHIPS AND JOY IN LIFE 

1052
00:43:26,680 --> 00:43:30,160
GETS LOST AND SOME PATIENTS AND 

1053
00:43:30,160 --> 00:43:31,640
PARTICIPANTS DON'T HAVE THE 

1054
00:43:31,640 --> 00:43:34,880
ABILITY TO SEEK HAPPINESS AND 

1055
00:43:34,880 --> 00:43:35,640
POSITIVE RE-ENFORCERS. 

1056
00:43:35,640 --> 00:43:37,680
THERE IS A WHOLE FIELD THIS HAS 

1057
00:43:37,680 --> 00:43:40,800
LOOKING AT POTENTIAL REWARD 

1058
00:43:40,800 --> 00:43:42,680
DISRUPTION IN THE BRAIN AND DATA

1059
00:43:42,680 --> 00:43:46,440
IS ALL OVER AND DOES SEEM TO 

1060
00:43:46,440 --> 00:43:51,120
SETTLE ON THERE IS CHANGES IN 

1061
00:43:51,120 --> 00:43:53,440
NEUROCIRCUITRY AND DEFICIENCY TO

1062
00:43:53,440 --> 00:43:56,760
PROCESS POSITIVE STIMULI AND 

1063
00:43:56,760 --> 00:43:58,680
ANHEADONIA AND RELUCTANCE TO GO 

1064
00:43:58,680 --> 00:44:01,240
OUT THERE AND SEEK REWARD AND 

1065
00:44:01,240 --> 00:44:02,880
KATIE WAS SPENDING TIME CHATTING

1066
00:44:02,880 --> 00:44:04,720
WITH ME BEFORE THIS TALK.  I 

1067
00:44:04,720 --> 00:44:07,320
WANTED TO SHARE THIS STUDY WITH 

1068
00:44:07,320 --> 00:44:09,600
HER SHE RECENTLY DID THAT IS A 

1069
00:44:09,600 --> 00:44:11,560
REPLICATION LOOKING AT NEURAL 

1070
00:44:11,560 --> 00:44:14,400
PROCESSES IN REWARD INFLUENCE 

1071
00:44:14,400 --> 00:44:17,640
NETWORK IN PEOPLE WITH FOOIB ROW

1072
00:44:17,640 --> 00:44:20,440
MYALGIA AND THEY FOUND CLEAR 

1073
00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:23,640
DIFFERENCES IN PREFRONTAL CORTEX

1074
00:44:23,640 --> 00:44:27,080
IN RESPONSE TO ANTICIPATION AND 

1075
00:44:27,080 --> 00:44:30,640
CONVERSELY RESPONSE TO THIS 

1076
00:44:30,640 --> 00:44:31,880
PREFRONTAL CORTEX IS ENHANCED 

1077
00:44:31,880 --> 00:44:34,760
DOING OUTCOMES AND ARE CLEAR 

1078
00:44:34,760 --> 00:44:35,720
DIFFERENCES AND AREA CONTINUES 

1079
00:44:35,720 --> 00:44:36,880
TO DEVELOP AND CLINICALLY WE 

1080
00:44:36,880 --> 00:44:40,680
THINK WE HAVE SEEN THIS.  WE 

1081
00:44:40,680 --> 00:44:43,440
HAVE A LITTLE POSITIVE DAILY 

1082
00:44:43,440 --> 00:44:45,240
REFLECTION ACTIVITY GIVING 

1083
00:44:45,240 --> 00:44:47,120
PATIENTS TO TRY AND TELL THEM 

1084
00:44:47,120 --> 00:44:48,960
HEY HERE IS A PIINGY BANK AND 

1085
00:44:48,960 --> 00:44:50,640
END OF EACH DAY REFLECT ON 

1086
00:44:50,640 --> 00:44:51,840
THINGS THAT HAPPEN EACH DAY AND 

1087
00:44:51,840 --> 00:44:54,160
PICK THINGS AND SAVOR IT AND JOT

1088
00:44:54,160 --> 00:44:57,120
IT DOWN ON PIECE OF PAPER 

1089
00:44:57,120 --> 00:44:59,120
TOSSING INTO PIGGY BANK.  LARGE 

1090
00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:03,480
GROUPS DO THIS AND THEY HAVE 

1091
00:45:03,480 --> 00:45:06,880
BENEFIT AND PEOPLE UNDERGOING 

1092
00:45:06,880 --> 00:45:10,040
NEWLY DIAGNOSED BREAST CANCER DO

1093
00:45:10,040 --> 00:45:15,320
THIS BEFORE SURGERY AND HAVE 

1094
00:45:15,320 --> 00:45:16,360
IMPRESSIVE RESPONSE AND CHRONIC 

1095
00:45:16,360 --> 00:45:19,240
PAIN DATA IS FLAT AND TO CHAGRIN

1096
00:45:19,240 --> 00:45:21,840
LET'S GO BACK AND COLLECT SLIPS 

1097
00:45:21,840 --> 00:45:23,760
AND DUMPED THEM OUT AND LOOKED 

1098
00:45:23,760 --> 00:45:26,240
AT THEM.  WE WERE SO SURPRISED 

1099
00:45:26,240 --> 00:45:26,800
BY WHAT WE SAW. 

1100
00:45:26,800 --> 00:45:29,880
THERE WAS A NUMBER OF PATIENTS 

1101
00:45:29,880 --> 00:45:31,960
OR PARTICIPANTS THAT REALLY HAD 

1102
00:45:31,960 --> 00:45:34,240
A HARD TIME COMING UP WITH ONE 

1103
00:45:34,240 --> 00:45:35,480
POSITIVE THING THAT HAPPENED 

1104
00:45:35,480 --> 00:45:36,840
THAT DAY AND ANYTHING.  THESE 

1105
00:45:36,840 --> 00:45:38,600
ARE EXAMPLES THAT STRUCK US LIKE

1106
00:45:38,600 --> 00:45:42,080
I MADE IT THROUGH THE DAY. 

1107
00:45:42,080 --> 00:45:43,520
IT WAS BEST THING THAT 

1108
00:45:43,520 --> 00:45:45,400
HAPPENED.  THIRD DAY IN BED, I'M

1109
00:45:45,400 --> 00:45:48,080
SAD.  BEST THING THAT HAPPENED. 

1110
00:45:48,080 --> 00:45:49,680
TODAY IS BROTHER'S 61ST BIRTHDAY

1111
00:45:49,680 --> 00:45:52,080
NOTHING TO BE HAPPY ABOUT AND 

1112
00:45:52,080 --> 00:45:56,760
PASSED AWAY 65 YEARS AGO.  THAT 

1113
00:45:56,760 --> 00:45:58,000
WAS REFLECTED AND WAY THIS MIGHT

1114
00:45:58,000 --> 00:46:01,400
PLAY OUT AND 100 PATIENTS GAVE 

1115
00:46:01,400 --> 00:46:03,640
ASSESSMENT OF CHARACTER 

1116
00:46:03,640 --> 00:46:05,960
STRENGTHS AND HEY PICK 6 OR 7 

1117
00:46:05,960 --> 00:46:08,440
THAT SEEM TO FIT YOU.  WE 

1118
00:46:08,440 --> 00:46:09,960
COALATED THEM AND SAW THAT 

1119
00:46:09,960 --> 00:46:14,880
ACCORDING TO OUR ANALYSIS THAT 

1120
00:46:14,880 --> 00:46:16,280
OUR PATIENTS AND PARTICIPATE 

1121
00:46:16,280 --> 00:46:19,920
YAVPTS ARE HIGH IN HONESTY 

1122
00:46:19,920 --> 00:46:21,760
KINDNESS HUMOR AND LEVEL OF 

1123
00:46:21,760 --> 00:46:23,480
ACTIVITY AND LEARNING.  I LOVE 

1124
00:46:23,480 --> 00:46:26,560
PEOPLE LIKE THAT.  THAT IS 

1125
00:46:26,560 --> 00:46:27,440
AMAZING AND WHAT STRUCK US IS 

1126
00:46:27,440 --> 00:46:31,480
ZEST AND NO THE WHAT HEALTHY 

1127
00:46:31,480 --> 00:46:33,040
POPULATIONS LOOK LIKE AND ZEST 

1128
00:46:33,040 --> 00:46:35,760
IS HIGHER LOOKING LIKE REWARD 

1129
00:46:35,760 --> 00:46:37,080
PROCESSING DEFICIT AND GOOD NEWS

1130
00:46:37,080 --> 00:46:38,960
IS EARLY STUDIES ARE SHOWING 

1131
00:46:38,960 --> 00:46:41,840
THIS IS MAYBE REVERSIBLE AND 

1132
00:46:41,840 --> 00:46:44,280
STUDY AT CHARLIE TAYLOR'S LAB 

1133
00:46:44,280 --> 00:46:47,120
AND [INDISCERNIBLE] ALONG WITH 

1134
00:46:47,120 --> 00:46:48,680
POSITIVE ACTIVITY INTERVENTION 

1135
00:46:48,680 --> 00:46:52,720
AND SONIA LEIBER MERE SKI USED 

1136
00:46:52,720 --> 00:46:54,680
POSITIVE ACTIVITY INTERVENTION 

1137
00:46:54,680 --> 00:46:57,480
AND SAW STRENGTHENING OF BRAIN 

1138
00:46:57,480 --> 00:46:59,920
CONNECTIVITY IN REWARD 

1139
00:46:59,920 --> 00:47:03,120
PROCESSING AND ATTENTION 

1140
00:47:03,120 --> 00:47:03,960
EMOTIONAL REGULATION AFTER 

1141
00:47:03,960 --> 00:47:05,280
PEOPLE DID THE INTERVENTION FOR 

1142
00:47:05,280 --> 00:47:08,760
A WHILE.  THAT GIVES US A LITTLE

1143
00:47:08,760 --> 00:47:09,960
BIT OF HOPE. 

1144
00:47:09,960 --> 00:47:11,720
AND OPTIMISM.  NEXT SECTION WILL

1145
00:47:11,720 --> 00:47:14,400
TALK ABOUT OPTIMISM THAT IS A 

1146
00:47:14,400 --> 00:47:15,960
STAND-IN FOR HAVING MORE 

1147
00:47:15,960 --> 00:47:19,280
POSITIVE THOUGHTS AND ABILITY TO

1148
00:47:19,280 --> 00:47:20,000
COPE WELL. 

1149
00:47:20,000 --> 00:47:23,840
IN A STUDY WE CONDUCTED WITH 

1150
00:47:23,840 --> 00:47:25,880
MARTY SELIGMAN AND COLLEAGUE DAN

1151
00:47:25,880 --> 00:47:28,320
CLAW AND FELLOW SPORTS BUDDY 

1152
00:47:28,320 --> 00:47:30,720
DIRECTOR OF CHRONIC PAIN AND 

1153
00:47:30,720 --> 00:47:33,080
FATIGUE RESEARCH CENTER AND 

1154
00:47:33,080 --> 00:47:36,160
LORIE ANA V AT RESEARCH 

1155
00:47:36,160 --> 00:47:37,920
LABORATORY WE LOOKED AT DATA 

1156
00:47:37,920 --> 00:47:42,200
FROM 2,000US ARMY SOLDIERS 

1157
00:47:42,200 --> 00:47:44,440
BEFORE AND AFTER DEPLOYMENT AND 

1158
00:47:44,440 --> 00:47:45,960
MANY HAD MULTIPLE DEPLOYMENTS.  

1159
00:47:45,960 --> 00:47:47,800
WE DID THIS BECAUSE CHRONIC PAIN

1160
00:47:47,800 --> 00:47:50,880
IS A HUGE PROBLEM IN THE ARMED 

1161
00:47:50,880 --> 00:47:53,120
SERVICES AND WONDERED IF FACTORS

1162
00:47:53,120 --> 00:47:55,280
WERE PROTECTIVE FOR DEVELOPMENT 

1163
00:47:55,280 --> 00:47:57,520
OF NEW CHRONIC PAIN POST 

1164
00:47:57,520 --> 00:47:59,360
DEVELOPMENT AND WE SAW ABOUT 37%

1165
00:47:59,360 --> 00:48:03,040
OF RETURNING SOLDIERS INDEED HAD

1166
00:48:03,040 --> 00:48:04,920
PAIN IN NEW CHRONIC PAIN AND NEW

1167
00:48:04,920 --> 00:48:07,400
BODY AREA IN THE END AND WENT 

1168
00:48:07,400 --> 00:48:09,560
BACK LOOKING AT POSITIVE 

1169
00:48:09,560 --> 00:48:09,800
FACTORS. 

1170
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:11,960
WHAT STRUCK US WAS POWER OF 

1171
00:48:11,960 --> 00:48:12,680
OPTIMISM.  

1172
00:48:12,680 --> 00:48:16,600
SO, COMPARED TO HIGH OPTIMISM 

1173
00:48:16,600 --> 00:48:18,080
SOLDIERS, THOSE WITH LOW 

1174
00:48:18,080 --> 00:48:20,840
OPTIMISM HAD 35% GREATER ODDS OF

1175
00:48:20,840 --> 00:48:23,200
REPORTING NEW PAIN THAT WAS 

1176
00:48:23,200 --> 00:48:24,680
CONTROLLING FOR COMBAT AND 

1177
00:48:24,680 --> 00:48:28,520
MILITARY FACTORS LIKE MULTIPLE 

1178
00:48:28,520 --> 00:48:29,960
DEPLOYMENTS AND THINGS THAT 

1179
00:48:29,960 --> 00:48:32,720
HAPPEN DEMOGRAPHICALLY LIKE 

1180
00:48:32,720 --> 00:48:34,040
DIVORCE AND COMBAT FACTORS 

1181
00:48:34,040 --> 00:48:37,000
WHETHER ONE IS EXPOSED TO IUD OR

1182
00:48:37,000 --> 00:48:38,640
SOMEBODY KILLED IN ACTION OR 

1183
00:48:38,640 --> 00:48:41,160
INJURED THEMSELVES THAT IS A 

1184
00:48:41,160 --> 00:48:43,040
PRETTY EXCITING FACT AND MATTER 

1185
00:48:43,040 --> 00:48:45,120
OF FACT SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS TELL 

1186
00:48:45,120 --> 00:48:46,960
US THAT OPTIMISM MATTERS IN PAIN

1187
00:48:46,960 --> 00:48:49,880
AND STUDY AND REVIEW OF 69 

1188
00:48:49,880 --> 00:48:53,040
STUDIES, 79% OF STUDIES FOUND 

1189
00:48:53,040 --> 00:48:55,200
OPTIMISM IS PROTECTIVE IN PAIN 

1190
00:48:55,200 --> 00:48:57,240
AND WHAT IS COOL IS BETTER STUDY

1191
00:48:57,240 --> 00:48:59,840
WAS EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OR 

1192
00:48:59,840 --> 00:49:01,720
STUDIES OF HIGHER QUALITY EFFECT

1193
00:49:01,720 --> 00:49:03,120
WAS MORE PRONOUNCED. 

1194
00:49:03,120 --> 00:49:05,920
SO, IN EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS 

1195
00:49:05,920 --> 00:49:07,840
BETWEEN GRATITUDE AND THAT IS 

1196
00:49:07,840 --> 00:49:09,600
ANOTHER KEY COGNITIVE FACTOR IN 

1197
00:49:09,600 --> 00:49:15,200
PAIN, WE SEE A PAPER THAT IS BY 

1198
00:49:15,200 --> 00:49:17,440
MELISSA MCCOOL AND EMILY BARTLY 

1199
00:49:17,440 --> 00:49:19,920
AND WILL TOUCH ON THIS LIGHTLY 

1200
00:49:19,920 --> 00:49:21,800
AND FOUND THAT GRATITUDE IS 

1201
00:49:21,800 --> 00:49:25,640
NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH 

1202
00:49:25,640 --> 00:49:27,400
PERCEIVED STRESS AND SLEEP 

1203
00:49:27,400 --> 00:49:29,280
DISTURBANCE AND SOCIAL SUPPORT 

1204
00:49:29,280 --> 00:49:30,560
AND ANALYSIS WAS INTERESTING 

1205
00:49:30,560 --> 00:49:33,240
BECAUSE IT TOLD US THAT 

1206
00:49:33,240 --> 00:49:34,560
PERCEIVED STRESS AND SLEEP 

1207
00:49:34,560 --> 00:49:38,320
DISTURBANCE MIGHT BE FACTOR OR 

1208
00:49:38,320 --> 00:49:41,280
PATHWAY BETWEEN GRATITUDE AND 

1209
00:49:41,280 --> 00:49:41,640
WELLBEING. 

1210
00:49:41,640 --> 00:49:43,520
AND THEN ROB EDWARDS IS HERE AND

1211
00:49:43,520 --> 00:49:45,800
WILL TALK TO YOU AS WELL AND 

1212
00:49:45,800 --> 00:49:48,600
TEAM AND ACTION HAVE DONE A NICE

1213
00:49:48,600 --> 00:49:50,520
JOB SUMMARIZING KEY COGNITIVE 

1214
00:49:50,520 --> 00:49:52,720
PROCESSES TO EXPLORE INCLUDING 

1215
00:49:52,720 --> 00:49:54,800
ACTIVE COPING POSITIVE 

1216
00:49:54,800 --> 00:49:56,920
SELF-STATEMENTS EFFICACY 

1217
00:49:56,920 --> 00:49:58,720
MINDFULNESS CHANGE RING PATIENTS

1218
00:49:58,720 --> 00:50:00,840
MODEL OF PAGE AND GREATER 

1219
00:50:00,840 --> 00:50:03,640
FLEXIBILITY ARE ALL FIELDS THAT 

1220
00:50:03,640 --> 00:50:05,760
NEED STUDY. 

1221
00:50:05,760 --> 00:50:08,640
THIS BRINGS FORWARD 

1222
00:50:08,640 --> 00:50:09,320
PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY MODEL 

1223
00:50:09,320 --> 00:50:11,160
THAT IS SECOND OF THE MODELS 

1224
00:50:11,160 --> 00:50:13,720
THAT IS CORE ACCEPTANCE AND 

1225
00:50:13,720 --> 00:50:15,920
COMMITMENT THERAPY.  THEY HOLD 

1226
00:50:15,920 --> 00:50:17,440
NEGATIVE EMOTIONS ARE NORMAL AND

1227
00:50:17,440 --> 00:50:20,160
DO MAKE BEHAVIOR CHANGE REALLY 

1228
00:50:20,160 --> 00:50:21,760
DIFFICULT THAT REQUIRES 

1229
00:50:21,760 --> 00:50:22,960
PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY TO 

1230
00:50:22,960 --> 00:50:24,520
BETTER DO BUSINESS WITH NEGATIVE

1231
00:50:24,520 --> 00:50:26,960
THOUGHTS AND EMOTIONS AND SOME 

1232
00:50:26,960 --> 00:50:28,760
PROCESSES IN BLUE ARE WHAT ARE 

1233
00:50:28,760 --> 00:50:31,120
LEANED ON ACCEPTANCE OF NEGATIVE

1234
00:50:31,120 --> 00:50:32,760
EMOTION AND DIFFUSION ABILITY 

1235
00:50:32,760 --> 00:50:34,200
HAVE DISTANCE FROM EMOTION AND 

1236
00:50:34,200 --> 00:50:35,840
UNDERSTAND THOUGHTS AND EMOTIONS

1237
00:50:35,840 --> 00:50:36,880
ARE NOT US. 

1238
00:50:36,880 --> 00:50:38,360
THEY ARE JUST PROCESSES. 

1239
00:50:38,360 --> 00:50:41,680
IT FOCUSES ON VALUES AND 

1240
00:50:41,680 --> 00:50:43,000
GETTING PEOPLE MOVING TOWARDS 

1241
00:50:43,000 --> 00:50:44,240
VALUE AND COMMITTED ACTION 

1242
00:50:44,240 --> 00:50:46,240
TOWARDS DOING THINGS THAT 

1243
00:50:46,240 --> 00:50:47,720
ENHANCE THEIR VALUES. 

1244
00:50:47,720 --> 00:50:50,720
AND THEN MY THIRD FACTOR IS 

1245
00:50:50,720 --> 00:50:51,080
LOVE. 

1246
00:50:51,080 --> 00:50:54,160
LOVE STANDS IN FOR RELATEDNESS 

1247
00:50:54,160 --> 00:50:55,520
AND HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS WE 

1248
00:50:55,520 --> 00:50:58,880
NEED IN OUR LIVES TO BE 

1249
00:50:58,880 --> 00:50:59,200
RESILIENT. 

1250
00:50:59,200 --> 00:51:01,280
WE WERE NOT EXPECTING THIS FOR 

1251
00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:01,480
YOU. 

1252
00:51:01,480 --> 00:51:05,240
THIS IS A POP QUIZ AND STUDY BY 

1253
00:51:05,240 --> 00:51:07,960
JULIA LOOKED AT FACTORS 

1254
00:51:07,960 --> 00:51:09,160
PROTECTIVE AGAINST MORTALITY AND

1255
00:51:09,160 --> 00:51:11,400
CAME UP WITH LOTS OF THINGS THAT

1256
00:51:11,400 --> 00:51:13,080
WOULD PROBABLY BE ON OUR 

1257
00:51:13,080 --> 00:51:14,680
GUESSING LIST AND IF EXPOSE THE 

1258
00:51:14,680 --> 00:51:17,360
TO CLEAN AIR YOU ARE LESS LIKELY

1259
00:51:17,360 --> 00:51:19,560
TO DIE AND TREATMENT FOR 

1260
00:51:19,560 --> 00:51:22,720
HYPERTENSION LESS LIKELY TO DIE 

1261
00:51:22,720 --> 00:51:27,480
AND DRINKING ALCOHOL MUCH BIGGER

1262
00:51:27,480 --> 00:51:30,480
EFFECT AND IF YOU SMOKE MORE 

1263
00:51:30,480 --> 00:51:33,000
LIKELY YOU ARE TO NOT LIVE AND 

1264
00:51:33,000 --> 00:51:34,360
STUDY THAT OUTSTRIPPED SMOKING 

1265
00:51:34,360 --> 00:51:36,040
AND DO YOU HAVE A GUESS?  

1266
00:51:36,040 --> 00:51:38,360
WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?  

1267
00:51:38,360 --> 00:51:42,000
OUR SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS THAT IS

1268
00:51:42,000 --> 00:51:44,400
SOCIAL INTEGRATION AND SOCIAL 

1269
00:51:44,400 --> 00:51:46,080
SUPPORT OF FEELING CONNECT WAS 

1270
00:51:46,080 --> 00:51:48,480
MORE POWERFUL IN PRESERVING LIFE

1271
00:51:48,480 --> 00:51:51,680
THAN EVEN SMOKING AND LESS 

1272
00:51:51,680 --> 00:51:52,120
DRINKING. 

1273
00:51:52,120 --> 00:51:54,600
SO, I HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT 

1274
00:51:54,600 --> 00:51:56,440
RESILIENCE MOSTLY AND WANT TO 

1275
00:51:56,440 --> 00:51:57,840
TALK ABOUT LONELINESS THAT 

1276
00:51:57,840 --> 00:52:00,040
HASN'T BEEN WELL STUDIED IN 

1277
00:52:00,040 --> 00:52:02,160
CHRONIC PAIN AND ANOTHER 

1278
00:52:02,160 --> 00:52:04,520
EXCITING AREA AND MENTEE 

1279
00:52:04,520 --> 00:52:06,600
VICTORIA POWELL PALLIATIVE CARE 

1280
00:52:06,600 --> 00:52:08,320
PHYSICIAN IS REALLY INTERESTED 

1281
00:52:08,320 --> 00:52:11,480
IN ROLE OF LONELINESS AND 

1282
00:52:11,480 --> 00:52:12,240
EXISTENTIAL CRISIS TOWARDS END 

1283
00:52:12,240 --> 00:52:14,120
OF LIFE THAT IS ALSO INTERESTED 

1284
00:52:14,120 --> 00:52:17,200
IN PAIN AND LOOKED AT STUDY IN 

1285
00:52:17,200 --> 00:52:18,200
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HEALTH 

1286
00:52:18,200 --> 00:52:20,600
AND RETIREMENT STUDY AND 

1287
00:52:20,600 --> 00:52:22,760
IDENTIFIED ABOUT 6,000 PEOPLE 

1288
00:52:22,760 --> 00:52:25,360
AND LOOKED AT TWO TIME POINTS 

1289
00:52:25,360 --> 00:52:28,160
FINDING THAT LONELINESS GREATLY 

1290
00:52:28,160 --> 00:52:29,720
INCREASED ODDS OF PEOPLE 

1291
00:52:29,720 --> 00:52:31,480
SUBSEQUENTLY REPORTING PAIN AND 

1292
00:52:31,480 --> 00:52:34,120
INCREASED ALSO ODDS OF REPORTING

1293
00:52:34,120 --> 00:52:35,960
FATIGUE AND DEPRESSION IN LATER 

1294
00:52:35,960 --> 00:52:36,280
YEARS. 

1295
00:52:36,280 --> 00:52:38,760
WHAT WAS REALLY AMAZING VERY 

1296
00:52:38,760 --> 00:52:40,800
POWERFUL PREDICTOR OF PEOPLE 

1297
00:52:40,800 --> 00:52:42,400
THAT DEVELOPED ALL THREE.  WE 

1298
00:52:42,400 --> 00:52:45,560
SEE SYMPTOMS CLUSTERED TOGETHER.

1299
00:52:45,560 --> 00:52:48,720
SO, MORE THAN ANYTHING SOCIAL 

1300
00:52:48,720 --> 00:52:50,240
RELATIONSHIPS ARE IMPORTANT TO 

1301
00:52:50,240 --> 00:52:52,520
MENTAL PHYSICAL HEALTH AND 

1302
00:52:52,520 --> 00:52:54,720
TYPICALLY TRAVEL THROUGH MANY 

1303
00:52:54,720 --> 00:52:57,120
PATHWAYS, BEHAVIORAL, 

1304
00:52:57,120 --> 00:52:58,240
PSYCHOSOCIAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL 

1305
00:52:58,240 --> 00:52:59,720
AND ARE COSTS THOUGH. 

1306
00:52:59,720 --> 00:53:01,960
SO, IT IS NOT JUST HAVING 

1307
00:53:01,960 --> 00:53:03,600
RELATIONSHIPS BUT HAVING GOOD 

1308
00:53:03,600 --> 00:53:06,760
HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS BECAUSE 

1309
00:53:06,760 --> 00:53:09,320
NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIPS LIKE 

1310
00:53:09,320 --> 00:53:13,200
ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS COST US IF

1311
00:53:13,200 --> 00:53:15,200
IN OUR HEALTH AND STRONG 

1312
00:53:15,200 --> 00:53:17,000
RELATIONSHIPS WE NEED TO 

1313
00:53:17,000 --> 00:53:18,720
CULTIVATE AND EFFECTS FROM 

1314
00:53:18,720 --> 00:53:20,880
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS ARE 

1315
00:53:20,880 --> 00:53:22,760
CUMULATIVE OVER TIME AND BENEFIT

1316
00:53:22,760 --> 00:53:24,720
FROM LIFELONG AND ONGOING 

1317
00:53:24,720 --> 00:53:26,880
RELATIONSHIPS AND AREAS TO 

1318
00:53:26,880 --> 00:53:28,560
EXPLORE ALSO OPEN FOR 

1319
00:53:28,560 --> 00:53:30,720
EXPLORATION AND LOVING KINDNESS 

1320
00:53:30,720 --> 00:53:33,760
MEDITATION AND PAIN, HOW IS THIS

1321
00:53:33,760 --> 00:53:36,320
NOT BETTER STUDIED THAT IS 

1322
00:53:36,320 --> 00:53:38,720
POWERFUL AND FORGIVENESS AND 

1323
00:53:38,720 --> 00:53:41,760
SELF-COMPASSION AND MEETING IN 

1324
00:53:41,760 --> 00:53:52,240
PURPOSE AND VOLUNTEERISM. 

1325
00:53:52,480 --> 00:53:56,720
THIS BRINGS THIRD THEORY OF 

1326
00:53:56,720 --> 00:54:01,360
SELF-DETERMINATION THIS IS A 

1327
00:54:01,360 --> 00:54:03,760
GREAT THEORY.  WE ARE GROWTH 

1328
00:54:03,760 --> 00:54:05,440
ORIENTED BEINGS AND ARE SOCIAL 

1329
00:54:05,440 --> 00:54:06,960
AND WANT TO CONNECT NEEDS 

1330
00:54:06,960 --> 00:54:08,720
THROUGH AUTONOMY WE WANT TO BE 

1331
00:54:08,720 --> 00:54:10,200
ABLE TO DO INTERESTING AND 

1332
00:54:10,200 --> 00:54:13,160
ENGAGING THINGS AND WANT TO HAVE

1333
00:54:13,160 --> 00:54:16,160
SENSE OF COMPETENCE AND WANT TO 

1334
00:54:16,160 --> 00:54:18,160
FEEL COMPETENT AND CONNECTED AND

1335
00:54:18,160 --> 00:54:21,880
WE ARE MOTIVATED BY INTRINSIC 

1336
00:54:21,880 --> 00:54:26,840
THINGS AND INTRINSIC THINGS TO 

1337
00:54:26,840 --> 00:54:28,680
MOVE TOWARDS IMPORTANT KEY 

1338
00:54:28,680 --> 00:54:29,520
GROWTH AREAS. 

1339
00:54:29,520 --> 00:54:33,160
HOW DO WE HAVE INTERVENTION THAT

1340
00:54:33,160 --> 00:54:38,160
IS INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATING 

1341
00:54:38,160 --> 00:54:39,800
HELPING INCREASE PSYCHOLOGICAL 

1342
00:54:39,800 --> 00:54:41,680
FLEXIBILITY AND BOOST POSITIVE 

1343
00:54:41,680 --> 00:54:44,280
EMOTION AND RESILIENCE FEELING 

1344
00:54:44,280 --> 00:54:45,200
INTERVENTIONS AND ARE MANY OF 

1345
00:54:45,200 --> 00:54:46,560
THESE AND MANY QUESTIONS AND 

1346
00:54:46,560 --> 00:54:49,400
FIRST OF ALL WHAT SHOULD WE 

1347
00:54:49,400 --> 00:54:51,200
CONSIDER RESILIENCE BUILDING 

1348
00:54:51,200 --> 00:54:51,600
INTERVENTION?  

1349
00:54:51,600 --> 00:54:53,760
THERE IS MANY.  ARE THEY 

1350
00:54:53,760 --> 00:54:55,000
EFFECTIVE FOR PEOPLE WITH 

1351
00:54:55,000 --> 00:54:56,320
CHRONIC PAIN?  FOR WHAT OUTCOMES

1352
00:54:56,320 --> 00:54:58,920
WE RR STARTING TO LEARN AND FOR 

1353
00:54:58,920 --> 00:55:00,440
WHOM DO THEY WORK BEST AND HOW 

1354
00:55:00,440 --> 00:55:03,080
AND WHAT ARE MECHANISMS 

1355
00:55:03,080 --> 00:55:04,920
UNDERLYING RESILIENCE BUILDING 

1356
00:55:04,920 --> 00:55:06,720
INTERVENTIONS AND TAILORING 

1357
00:55:06,720 --> 00:55:08,000
INTERVENTIONS TO BETTER MEET 

1358
00:55:08,000 --> 00:55:10,600
NEEDS OF UNIQUE POPULATIONS AND 

1359
00:55:10,600 --> 00:55:12,120
UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS AND WHAT ARE 

1360
00:55:12,120 --> 00:55:13,720
MOST EFFECTIVE WAYS TO DELIVER 

1361
00:55:13,720 --> 00:55:16,520
INTERVENTIONS WHEN WE HAVE THEM?

1362
00:55:16,520 --> 00:55:19,640
SHOULD WE CONSIDER CBT 

1363
00:55:19,640 --> 00:55:20,560
RESILIENCE BUILDING 

1364
00:55:20,560 --> 00:55:21,960
INTERVENTION?  YEAH.  WHY NOT; 

1365
00:55:21,960 --> 00:55:23,560
RIGHT?  

1366
00:55:23,560 --> 00:55:24,720
FOCUSING ON BOUNCING BACK AFTER 

1367
00:55:24,720 --> 00:55:26,600
SOMETHING HAPPENING AND HELPS 

1368
00:55:26,600 --> 00:55:29,120
PEOPLE DEVELOP SKILLS AND HAS A 

1369
00:55:29,120 --> 00:55:31,560
-- IT HAS A PLEASANT ACTIVITY 

1370
00:55:31,560 --> 00:55:33,520
SCHEDULING ELEMENT; RIGHT?  

1371
00:55:33,520 --> 00:55:37,440
SOMETHING THAT TARGETS POSITIVE 

1372
00:55:37,440 --> 00:55:37,680
EMOTION. 

1373
00:55:37,680 --> 00:55:40,080
ANOTHER EXCUSE TO HAVE A SLIDE. 

1374
00:55:40,080 --> 00:55:42,760
CBT HAD BABIES AND SECOND 

1375
00:55:42,760 --> 00:55:45,520
GENERATION FORMS OF CBT AND 

1376
00:55:45,520 --> 00:55:48,440
SECOND WAVE INCLUDES MINDFULNESS

1377
00:55:48,440 --> 00:55:51,640
THERAPIES AND MINDFULNESS BASED 

1378
00:55:51,640 --> 00:55:53,000
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND COMMITMENT

1379
00:55:53,000 --> 00:55:54,560
THERAPY AND POSITIVE 

1380
00:55:54,560 --> 00:55:56,560
INTERVENTIONS FROM REALM OF 

1381
00:55:56,560 --> 00:55:57,400
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY. 

1382
00:55:57,400 --> 00:55:59,760
SO, I WILL FOCUS ON THESE. 

1383
00:55:59,760 --> 00:56:01,440
WE ARE -- OUR TIME IS LIMITED 

1384
00:56:01,440 --> 00:56:04,360
AND WHERE I'M DOING WORK NOW. 

1385
00:56:04,360 --> 00:56:05,840
POSITIVE ACTIVITY AND 

1386
00:56:05,840 --> 00:56:07,520
INTERVENTIONS ARE AS THEY SOUND.

1387
00:56:07,520 --> 00:56:11,560
THEY HAVE TWO THINGS THEY DO, 

1388
00:56:11,560 --> 00:56:13,160
AMPLIFY POSITIVE EMOTION AND 

1389
00:56:13,160 --> 00:56:16,760
BEHAVIORAL ACTIVATE AND ARE FUN 

1390
00:56:16,760 --> 00:56:19,040
AND PEOPLE LIKE TO DO THEM AND 

1391
00:56:19,040 --> 00:56:21,240
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY AND

1392
00:56:21,240 --> 00:56:24,680
PAIN IS SCHEDULING AND PEOPLE DO

1393
00:56:24,680 --> 00:56:25,960
THINGS THAT BRING PLEASURE AND 

1394
00:56:25,960 --> 00:56:28,760
BRING PAIN AND HOW WE ARE WIRED 

1395
00:56:28,760 --> 00:56:30,200
AND DO THEY WORK FOR PEOPLE WITH

1396
00:56:30,200 --> 00:56:31,200
CHRONIC PAIN?  

1397
00:56:31,200 --> 00:56:34,120
NUMBER OF METAANALYSIS AND 

1398
00:56:34,120 --> 00:56:35,560
RECENT ONE THAT COMPARED 

1399
00:56:35,560 --> 00:56:37,200
POSITIVE ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS 

1400
00:56:37,200 --> 00:56:39,720
TO CONTROLS AND FOUND THAT IN 

1401
00:56:39,720 --> 00:56:42,480
CHRONIC PAIN THERE IS LESS PAIN 

1402
00:56:42,480 --> 00:56:45,360
INTENSITY AND FEWER DEPRESSIVE 

1403
00:56:45,360 --> 00:56:47,480
SYMPTOMS AND LESS PAIN 

1404
00:56:47,480 --> 00:56:48,720
CATASTROPHIZING AND FEWER 

1405
00:56:48,720 --> 00:56:51,760
EMOTIONS AND NEG INCREASED 

1406
00:56:51,760 --> 00:56:54,640
EMOTIONS AND NEEDED IN STUDIES 

1407
00:56:54,640 --> 00:56:58,560
WITH FOLLOW UPS THESE PERSISTED 

1408
00:56:58,560 --> 00:57:01,000
GRATITUDE AND ACTS OF KINDNESS 

1409
00:57:01,000 --> 00:57:04,640
AND THIS IS A STUDY BY LESLIE 

1410
00:57:04,640 --> 00:57:08,480
WHO THIS IS A BEST POSITIVE 

1411
00:57:08,480 --> 00:57:10,440
PSYCHOLOGY STUDY WE HAVE TO 

1412
00:57:10,440 --> 00:57:12,480
DATE.  THEY DID A 6 WEEK 

1413
00:57:12,480 --> 00:57:14,040
INTERVENTION OF POSITIVE 

1414
00:57:14,040 --> 00:57:16,640
ACTIVITY INTERVENTION BASED ON 

1415
00:57:16,640 --> 00:57:17,720
PILOT DATA SHOWING GREAT EFFECT 

1416
00:57:17,720 --> 00:57:19,760
AND CONTROLLED PROGRAM THAT IS 

1417
00:57:19,760 --> 00:57:23,480
NEUTRAL STRUCTURED ACTIVITIES 

1418
00:57:23,480 --> 00:57:26,640
AND THEY ARE FINDINGS THAT DID 

1419
00:57:26,640 --> 00:57:28,280
NOT SUPPORT USE OF INTERVENTIONS

1420
00:57:28,280 --> 00:57:33,840
IN OLDER VETERAN WITH KNEE 

1421
00:57:33,840 --> 00:57:34,720
OSTEOARTHRITIS POPULATION AND WE

1422
00:57:34,720 --> 00:57:36,320
HAVE TO THINK ABOUT POPULATIONS 

1423
00:57:36,320 --> 00:57:39,800
TOO AND DON'T KNOW IF FOLKS 

1424
00:57:39,800 --> 00:57:41,000
WOULD BENEFIT FROM SDOOUM BAH 

1425
00:57:41,000 --> 00:57:42,280
CLASS; RIGHT?  

1426
00:57:42,280 --> 00:57:43,320
THINKING ABOUT THAT GOING 

1427
00:57:43,320 --> 00:57:45,200
FORWARD I WILL TELL YOU IN LAST 

1428
00:57:45,200 --> 00:57:48,760
15 OR 16 MINUTES I HAVE HERE 

1429
00:57:48,760 --> 00:57:51,200
ABOUT SEVERAL STUDIES UNDERWAY 

1430
00:57:51,200 --> 00:57:53,280
WITH FEWER RESULTS AND MAYBE 

1431
00:57:53,280 --> 00:57:54,680
COULD TALK ABOUT NEXT YEAR AND 

1432
00:57:54,680 --> 00:57:56,200
HERE WE HAVE COMPLETING 

1433
00:57:56,200 --> 00:57:57,680
RANDOMIZE KOD N TROLL TRIAL OF 

1434
00:57:57,680 --> 00:57:59,920
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY 

1435
00:57:59,920 --> 00:58:02,000
VERSUS -- AUGMENTED WITH 

1436
00:58:02,000 --> 00:58:04,680
POSITIVE ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS 

1437
00:58:04,680 --> 00:58:08,760
TO INCREASE ENGAGING EMOTIONS 

1438
00:58:08,760 --> 00:58:12,760
AND ACTIVITY AND WE TRIED TO 

1439
00:58:12,760 --> 00:58:15,400
PICK ONE OF TOUGHEST POPULATIONS

1440
00:58:15,400 --> 00:58:17,000
IN CLINIC DELIVERING 

1441
00:58:17,000 --> 00:58:20,240
INTERVENTION ONLINE AND NOVEL 

1442
00:58:20,240 --> 00:58:29,040
TELEHEALTH COACHING STRATEGY. 

1443
00:58:29,040 --> 00:58:31,480
THEY WERE BRILLIANT GREAT JOB 

1444
00:58:31,480 --> 00:58:34,920
AND PATIENTS LOVED THEM I THINK 

1445
00:58:34,920 --> 00:58:37,320
THEY FELT GRATIFIED IN PROVIDING

1446
00:58:37,320 --> 00:58:38,760
CARE THAT IS STRUCTURE OF THE 

1447
00:58:38,760 --> 00:58:42,120
STUDY AND AS I SAID WE ARE 

1448
00:58:42,120 --> 00:58:45,960
ANALYZING DATA AND THERE IS A 

1449
00:58:45,960 --> 00:58:48,000
CAVEAT. 

1450
00:58:48,000 --> 00:58:51,120
THIS STUDY TOOK PLACE DURING 

1451
00:58:51,120 --> 00:58:52,960
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HAD TO 

1452
00:58:52,960 --> 00:58:54,880
RETOOL EVERYTHING WE DID AND 

1453
00:58:54,880 --> 00:58:56,240
DELIVERED THIS REMOTELY BEFORE 

1454
00:58:56,240 --> 00:58:57,480
AND DIDN'T KNOW WHAT WE WOULD 

1455
00:58:57,480 --> 00:58:59,840
HAVE HERE AND PUT IN COVID 

1456
00:58:59,840 --> 00:59:00,840
IMPACT QUESTIONNAIRE EARLY ON 

1457
00:59:00,840 --> 00:59:02,960
AND WILL SEE WHAT HAPPENS.  WE 

1458
00:59:02,960 --> 00:59:04,680
WILL HAVE A WHOLE SERIES OF 

1459
00:59:04,680 --> 00:59:06,640
STUDIES THAT COULD BE 

1460
00:59:06,640 --> 00:59:08,320
INTERESTING TO INTERPRET DOWN 

1461
00:59:08,320 --> 00:59:09,720
THE LINE AND ANOTHER QUESTION 

1462
00:59:09,720 --> 00:59:11,160
WHO DO THEY WORK BEST AND HOW DO

1463
00:59:11,160 --> 00:59:12,160
THEY WORK?  

1464
00:59:12,160 --> 00:59:15,400
THIS IS PROBABLY REALLY FOR US 

1465
00:59:15,400 --> 00:59:17,960
BEST EXEMPLIFIED BY SOMETHING IT

1466
00:59:17,960 --> 00:59:20,240
THEY CAME TO US WITH HEAL 

1467
00:59:20,240 --> 00:59:22,000
INITIATIVE AND THANK YOU, HEAL. 

1468
00:59:22,000 --> 00:59:24,840
THIS SAY GAME CHANGER NOT JUST 

1469
00:59:24,840 --> 00:59:27,200
PAIN AND OPIOID BUT RESILIENCE 

1470
00:59:27,200 --> 00:59:29,080
AND OFFSHOOTS AND ARE PART OF 

1471
00:59:29,080 --> 00:59:31,040
THE BACK PAIN CONSORTIUM. 

1472
00:59:31,040 --> 00:59:33,480
KNOWN AS BACKPACK AND ARE ONE OF

1473
00:59:33,480 --> 00:59:35,680
THREE MECHANISTIC RESEARCH 

1474
00:59:35,680 --> 00:59:38,080
CENTERS UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 

1475
00:59:38,080 --> 00:59:40,480
AND DAN CLAW IS MPI WITH THIS 

1476
00:59:40,480 --> 00:59:43,680
AND 7 TEXT SITES ACROSS COUNTRY 

1477
00:59:43,680 --> 00:59:46,720
AND TWO TRIALS UNDERGOING AND 

1478
00:59:46,720 --> 00:59:49,240
DATA ACQUISITION CENTER 

1479
00:59:49,240 --> 00:59:50,800
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA 

1480
00:59:50,800 --> 00:59:53,400
THAT KEEPS US MOSTLY IN LINE.  

1481
00:59:53,400 --> 00:59:56,720
OUR STUDY IS SOMETHING WE CALL 

1482
00:59:56,720 --> 00:59:57,800
INLTVENTIONAL RESPONSE 

1483
00:59:57,800 --> 00:59:59,040
PHENOTYPING STUDY THAT MEANS YOU

1484
00:59:59,040 --> 01:00:00,320
GIVE PEOPLE INTERVENTIONS THAT 

1485
01:00:00,320 --> 01:00:02,440
HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE 

1486
01:00:02,440 --> 01:00:04,640
AND SEE WHO RESPONDS TO WHAT 

1487
01:00:04,640 --> 01:00:06,640
INTERVENTION AND HOW DO WE 

1488
01:00:06,640 --> 01:00:07,040
PREDICT THIS?  

1489
01:00:07,040 --> 01:00:08,600
WE ARE INTERESTED IN HOW THEY 

1490
01:00:08,600 --> 01:00:09,360
WORK ALSO. 

1491
01:00:09,360 --> 01:00:12,440
WE ARE LOOKING FIRST AT CAN 

1492
01:00:12,440 --> 01:00:14,760
QUESTIONNAIRES AND FUNCTIONAL 

1493
01:00:14,760 --> 01:00:15,720
TESTING TELL US WHO MIGHT 

1494
01:00:15,720 --> 01:00:17,480
RESPOND BETTER TO ONE 

1495
01:00:17,480 --> 01:00:19,080
INTERVENTION THAN ANOTHER AND 

1496
01:00:19,080 --> 01:00:22,480
DOING A DEEPER DIVE OF SUBSET OF

1497
01:00:22,480 --> 01:00:24,800
PATIENTS DOING NEUROIMAGING 

1498
01:00:24,800 --> 01:00:27,040
QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING 

1499
01:00:27,040 --> 01:00:29,680
COLLECTING PLASMA MEASURES DOING

1500
01:00:29,680 --> 01:00:31,400
AUTONOMIC TESTING TO SEE IF 

1501
01:00:31,400 --> 01:00:33,360
MEASURES MIGHT TELL US MORE. 

1502
01:00:33,360 --> 01:00:36,040
WE CAN BEGIN TO INFER MECHANISMS

1503
01:00:36,040 --> 01:00:39,200
OF ACTION LOOKING AT DEEPER 

1504
01:00:39,200 --> 01:00:39,800
DATA. 

1505
01:00:39,800 --> 01:00:42,400
SO, THIS IS OUR STUDY THAT IS 

1506
01:00:42,400 --> 01:00:45,360
COMPLEX AND DO A 4-WEEK RUN-IN 

1507
01:00:45,360 --> 01:00:47,760
OF A PAIN SELF-MANAGEMENT 

1508
01:00:47,760 --> 01:00:50,240
PROGRAM KNOWN AS PAIN GUIDE AND 

1509
01:00:50,240 --> 01:00:51,040
RANDOMIZED THEM TO PHYSICAL 

1510
01:00:51,040 --> 01:00:53,080
THERAPY AND EXERCISE AND 

1511
01:00:53,080 --> 01:00:54,880
MINDFULNESS BASED STRESS 

1512
01:00:54,880 --> 01:00:57,800
REDUCTION DELIVERED IN GROUP 

1513
01:00:57,800 --> 01:01:00,000
PT101 AND MINDFULNESS GROUP AND 

1514
01:01:00,000 --> 01:01:02,760
ACKWU PRESSURE IS M HEALTH APP 

1515
01:01:02,760 --> 01:01:05,480
PEOPLE TAKE HOME WITH THEM AND 

1516
01:01:05,480 --> 01:01:09,480
COOL DEVICE APPLIES TO ACCU 

1517
01:01:09,480 --> 01:01:11,160
PRESSURE AND MINDFULNESS 

1518
01:01:11,160 --> 01:01:12,760
RESILIENCE WE SHOULD BE ABLE TO 

1519
01:01:12,760 --> 01:01:15,000
LOOK AT RESILIENCE FACTORS THERE

1520
01:01:15,000 --> 01:01:18,560
AND DOESN'T PT BUILD RESILIENCE?

1521
01:01:18,560 --> 01:01:20,760
YES.  DOESN'T ACCU PRESSURE 

1522
01:01:20,760 --> 01:01:22,520
TEACH PEOPLE SELF-MANAGEMENT?  

1523
01:01:22,520 --> 01:01:24,720
YES.  THAT WILL BE INTERESTING. 

1524
01:01:24,720 --> 01:01:26,800
WE ARE ALSO PART OF THE 

1525
01:01:26,800 --> 01:01:28,360
COLLABORATIVE CLINICAL TRIAL 

1526
01:01:28,360 --> 01:01:30,360
THAT IS KNOWN AS BEST OR 

1527
01:01:30,360 --> 01:01:34,040
BIOMARKERS FOR EVALUATING SPINE 

1528
01:01:34,040 --> 01:01:38,560
TREATMENTS THAT IS A USWIDE 14 

1529
01:01:38,560 --> 01:01:40,040
MULTI-SITE TRIAL WHERE WE ARE 

1530
01:01:40,040 --> 01:01:43,080
DOING THE SAME THING KIND OF AND

1531
01:01:43,080 --> 01:01:45,360
ARE ALSO DOING A COMPLEX SMART 

1532
01:01:45,360 --> 01:01:47,480
DESIGN TRIAL LOOKING AT AFTER 

1533
01:01:47,480 --> 01:01:50,560
RUN-IN PERIOD LOOKING AT 

1534
01:01:50,560 --> 01:01:52,200
RANDOMIZATION TO EITHER ENHANCE 

1535
01:01:52,200 --> 01:01:54,920
SELF-CARE ONLINE PAIN MANAGEMENT

1536
01:01:54,920 --> 01:01:55,880
PROGRAM PAIN GUIDE I WILL 

1537
01:01:55,880 --> 01:01:58,360
MENTION AND TALK ABOUT IN A 

1538
01:01:58,360 --> 01:02:00,760
SECOND AND ACCEPTANCE AND PAIN 

1539
01:02:00,760 --> 01:02:06,800
THERAPY DEVELOPED ONLINE AND 

1540
01:02:06,800 --> 01:02:07,800
EVIDENCE-BASED MANIPULATION 

1541
01:02:07,800 --> 01:02:09,120
PHYSICAL THERAPY EXERCISE AND 

1542
01:02:09,120 --> 01:02:12,320
DELL OXOTEEN AND ACT 2 YOU HAVE 

1543
01:02:12,320 --> 01:02:17,120
TOTAL RESILIENCE AND EBEM THAT 

1544
01:02:17,120 --> 01:02:19,280
IS PHYSICAL THERAPY TO BUILD 

1545
01:02:19,280 --> 01:02:22,120
RESILIENCE AND PAIN MANAGEMENT 

1546
01:02:22,120 --> 01:02:24,240
TEACHING RESILIENCE AND WE SEE 

1547
01:02:24,240 --> 01:02:27,280
THAT AND THIS IS PAIN GUIDE 

1548
01:02:27,280 --> 01:02:29,120
SHOUTOUT TO DAVE WILLIAMS 

1549
01:02:29,120 --> 01:02:30,640
COLLEAGUE BRAIN CHILD AND OPEN 

1550
01:02:30,640 --> 01:02:33,000
ACCESS AND CARE FOR PATIENTS AND

1551
01:02:33,000 --> 01:02:35,160
ALSO FOR CARE PROVIDERS THAT 

1552
01:02:35,160 --> 01:02:36,680
WANT TO UNDERSTAND MORE ABOUT 

1553
01:02:36,680 --> 01:02:37,520
THESE PROCESSES. 

1554
01:02:37,520 --> 01:02:39,680
THERE IS A SELF-CARE SECTION 

1555
01:02:39,680 --> 01:02:41,680
THAT DELIVERS COGNITIVE 

1556
01:02:41,680 --> 01:02:42,880
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR PAIN AND 

1557
01:02:42,880 --> 01:02:44,880
OTHER TYPES OF INTERVENTIONS AND

1558
01:02:44,880 --> 01:02:47,320
IS A RESILIENCE SECTION AND WE 

1559
01:02:47,320 --> 01:02:50,520
ARE CURRENT WILL I STUDYING BEST

1560
01:02:50,520 --> 01:02:52,240
VERSION OF PAIN GUIDE THAT ALSO 

1561
01:02:52,240 --> 01:02:54,520
HAS TAILORING AND COMPARED TO 

1562
01:02:54,520 --> 01:02:56,280
STATIC FORM AND MORE DATA IS ON 

1563
01:02:56,280 --> 01:02:57,480
THAT DOWN THE ROAD. 

1564
01:02:57,480 --> 01:03:00,080
THAT IS ME.  I DID RESILIENCE 

1565
01:03:00,080 --> 01:03:00,680
SECTION. 

1566
01:03:00,680 --> 01:03:02,400
HOW CAN WE TAILOR INTERVENTIONS 

1567
01:03:02,400 --> 01:03:04,880
TO MEET NEEDS OF UNIQUE PAIN 

1568
01:03:04,880 --> 01:03:07,440
POPULATIONS AND UNIQUE 

1569
01:03:07,440 --> 01:03:08,160
INDIVIDUALS?  

1570
01:03:08,160 --> 01:03:09,960
WELL, THERE IS SO MUCH WORK THAT

1571
01:03:09,960 --> 01:03:13,640
NEEDS TO BE DONE IN DIVERSITY, 

1572
01:03:13,640 --> 01:03:14,320
EQUITY, AND INCLUSION AND QUICK 

1573
01:03:14,320 --> 01:03:17,000
SHOUTOUT TO FOLKS FROM 

1574
01:03:17,000 --> 01:03:18,840
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA WHO DO 

1575
01:03:18,840 --> 01:03:22,240
THIS BETTER THAN ANYTHING 

1576
01:03:22,240 --> 01:03:26,360
SEVILLE AND JARED TANNER AND 

1577
01:03:26,360 --> 01:03:30,200
BROW GOOD WHO IS SHAEKING HERE 

1578
01:03:30,200 --> 01:03:32,400
AS WELL AND THEIR TOTAL TOLD US 

1579
01:03:32,400 --> 01:03:34,840
WE HAVE TO THINK OF SOCIO 

1580
01:03:34,840 --> 01:03:37,040
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS NOT JUST 

1581
01:03:37,040 --> 01:03:38,560
SOMEBODY THAT IS WHITE OR 

1582
01:03:38,560 --> 01:03:40,800
CAUCASIAN AND NEED TO THINK 

1583
01:03:40,800 --> 01:03:42,400
ABOUT HAVING EQUAL 

1584
01:03:42,400 --> 01:03:44,200
REPRESENTATION AMONG SEXES AND 

1585
01:03:44,200 --> 01:03:46,000
EQUAL DEMOGRAPHICS AND LEADING 

1586
01:03:46,000 --> 01:03:47,800
TO A STUDY I HAVE BEEN INVOLVED 

1587
01:03:47,800 --> 01:03:51,040
IN FOR YEARS AND JUST LOVE THE 

1588
01:03:51,040 --> 01:03:51,240
STUDY. 

1589
01:03:51,240 --> 01:03:54,240
THIS IS LED BY MARY WHO IS A 

1590
01:03:54,240 --> 01:03:58,880
PUBLIC HEALTH FACULTY MEMBER. 

1591
01:03:58,880 --> 01:04:00,680
SHERIA ROBINSON LANE, OUR OTHER 

1592
01:04:00,680 --> 01:04:02,160
COLLEAGUE IN NURSING WHO IS -- 

1593
01:04:02,160 --> 01:04:05,560
THIS IS THE PILOT STUDY THAT WE 

1594
01:04:05,560 --> 01:04:07,520
CONDUCTED LOOKING AT TAILORING 

1595
01:04:07,520 --> 01:04:09,960
INTERVENTIONS TO OLDER AFRICAN 

1596
01:04:09,960 --> 01:04:11,120
AMERICAN ADULTS WITH CHRONIC 

1597
01:04:11,120 --> 01:04:12,840
PAIN.  IT IS DELIVERED BY 

1598
01:04:12,840 --> 01:04:15,720
COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS THAT IS

1599
01:04:15,720 --> 01:04:18,000
ANOTHER NOVEL WAY TO GET 

1600
01:04:18,000 --> 01:04:19,800
INTERVENTIONS OUT AND 

1601
01:04:19,800 --> 01:04:20,400
INTERVENTION CONSISTS OF 

1602
01:04:20,400 --> 01:04:22,160
EDUCATION AND TEACHING PEOPLE 

1603
01:04:22,160 --> 01:04:23,520
ABOUT STAYING ACTIVE AND IS 

1604
01:04:23,520 --> 01:04:25,080
WALKING STEP PROGRAM THAT IS 

1605
01:04:25,080 --> 01:04:26,360
INVOLVED AND DOING WHAT YOU LOVE

1606
01:04:26,360 --> 01:04:28,240
AND HELPING PEOPLE TO GET BACK 

1607
01:04:28,240 --> 01:04:30,680
TO VALUE LIFE ACTIVITIES AND 

1608
01:04:30,680 --> 01:04:33,280
MUSIC IS MEDICINE AND SOMETHING 

1609
01:04:33,280 --> 01:04:34,880
THAT CAME THROUGH PILOT STUDIES 

1610
01:04:34,880 --> 01:04:38,120
THAT THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO

1611
01:04:38,120 --> 01:04:39,640
THIS OLDER AFRICAN AMERICAN 

1612
01:04:39,640 --> 01:04:42,200
GROUP AND WE HAVE THEM PICK TWO 

1613
01:04:42,200 --> 01:04:45,000
OF FOUR POSITIVE ACTIVITY 

1614
01:04:45,000 --> 01:04:46,160
INTERVENTIONS FROM LIFE 

1615
01:04:46,160 --> 01:04:47,520
HIGHLIGHTS AND KINDNESS TO 

1616
01:04:47,520 --> 01:04:49,560
KEEPING A GRATITUDE JAR AND 

1617
01:04:49,560 --> 01:04:51,840
SAVORING AND IN THE PILOT STUDY 

1618
01:04:51,840 --> 01:04:53,640
THERE WERE REALLY STRONG EFFECTS

1619
01:04:53,640 --> 01:04:56,200
AND 86% OF THE INTERVENTION 

1620
01:04:56,200 --> 01:04:57,200
GROUP REPORTED THAT FUNCTIONING 

1621
01:04:57,200 --> 01:04:59,360
WAS BETTER OR MUCH BETTER AND 

1622
01:04:59,360 --> 01:05:03,040
COMPARED TO 25% OF THE CONTROL 

1623
01:05:03,040 --> 01:05:05,520
AND PAIN AND 67% OF GROUP WAS 

1624
01:05:05,520 --> 01:05:07,080
REPORTED BETTER OR MUCH BETTER 

1625
01:05:07,080 --> 01:05:10,320
COMPARED TO 21% OF CONTROL GROUP

1626
01:05:10,320 --> 01:05:12,360
AND WERE EFFECTS FOR MEDICATION.

1627
01:05:12,360 --> 01:05:13,800
I WILL GO BACK.  YAY!  

1628
01:05:13,800 --> 01:05:16,200
WE HAVE R0 ONE THAT IS FUNDED 

1629
01:05:16,200 --> 01:05:18,640
AND WE ARE STARTING THAT BASED 

1630
01:05:18,640 --> 01:05:21,800
ON THESE PILOT DATA THAT WILL BE

1631
01:05:21,800 --> 01:05:23,240
AROUND IN ABOUT THREE YEARS AND 

1632
01:05:23,240 --> 01:05:25,080
ALL RIGHT.  WHAT ARE MOST 

1633
01:05:25,080 --> 01:05:26,880
EFFECTIVE WAYS TO DELIVER 

1634
01:05:26,880 --> 01:05:28,200
INTERVENTIONS?  

1635
01:05:28,200 --> 01:05:30,440
THIS IS MY COLLEAGUE. 

1636
01:05:30,440 --> 01:05:35,680
THIS IS SUN CHOI WHO IS 

1637
01:05:35,680 --> 01:05:37,520
PEDIATRIC ONKOLGS DOING BONE 

1638
01:05:37,520 --> 01:05:39,320
MARROW TRANCE PLANT WORK AND 

1639
01:05:39,320 --> 01:05:44,720
WORKED TOGETHER TO DEVELOP 

1640
01:05:44,720 --> 01:05:47,160
POSITIVE CARE INTERVENTIONS AND 

1641
01:05:47,160 --> 01:05:48,400
ALLOWS PEOPLE TO CONNECT THROUGH

1642
01:05:48,400 --> 01:05:50,480
CHAT ROOMS AND MONITOR 

1643
01:05:50,480 --> 01:05:52,760
ACTIVITIES AND DEVELOPED IT FOR 

1644
01:05:52,760 --> 01:05:54,440
A SPECIFIC GROUP AND FOR 

1645
01:05:54,440 --> 01:05:56,560
CAREGIVERS AND SINCE USED IN 

1646
01:05:56,560 --> 01:05:59,160
CAREGIVER AND PATIENT DIIADS 

1647
01:05:59,160 --> 01:06:00,800
DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC GAVE TO

1648
01:06:00,800 --> 01:06:04,760
HEALTH CARE WORKERS IT USE AND 

1649
01:06:04,760 --> 01:06:06,880
BENEFITED IMMENSELY FROM IT AND 

1650
01:06:06,880 --> 01:06:09,960
COLLEAGUE STUDENTS ISOLATING 

1651
01:06:09,960 --> 01:06:13,880
2,000 OF THEM AND OUR ACT 

1652
01:06:13,880 --> 01:06:14,280
PATIENTS. 

1653
01:06:14,280 --> 01:06:17,280
AND THEN OUR NEXT ROUTE IS 

1654
01:06:17,280 --> 01:06:20,600
CHRONIC PAIN POST BMT OR HCT 

1655
01:06:20,600 --> 01:06:23,320
TREATMENT THAT IS SKYROCKETING 

1656
01:06:23,320 --> 01:06:25,440
IN 40% AND WE WILL LOOK DOWN 

1657
01:06:25,440 --> 01:06:27,280
THAT PANEL AND CAN WE HELP 

1658
01:06:27,280 --> 01:06:29,760
PATIENTS AS WELL?  

1659
01:06:29,760 --> 01:06:31,440
BRIEFLY, I WILL TALK ABOUT MY 

1660
01:06:31,440 --> 01:06:32,800
CARE PATH THAT IS SOMETHING THAT

1661
01:06:32,800 --> 01:06:36,000
WE ARE PASSIONATE ABOUT AND IS 

1662
01:06:36,000 --> 01:06:36,880
PERIOPERATIVE AND 

1663
01:06:36,880 --> 01:06:38,320
PREHABILITATION AND IS SOMETHING

1664
01:06:38,320 --> 01:06:40,240
WE DEVELOPED WITH JEN WHO IS A 

1665
01:06:40,240 --> 01:06:43,200
HAND SURGEON AND COLLEAGUE CHAD 

1666
01:06:43,200 --> 01:06:44,760
BRUMET AN ANESTHESIOLOGIST AND 

1667
01:06:44,760 --> 01:06:46,920
WE HOPE IT WILL HELP PATIENTS TO

1668
01:06:46,920 --> 01:06:48,080
BETTER PREPARE FOR THEIR 

1669
01:06:48,080 --> 01:06:50,400
SURGERIES THAT IS DELIVERED ON 

1670
01:06:50,400 --> 01:06:52,680
MI DATA HEALTH PLATFORM AND ARE 

1671
01:06:52,680 --> 01:06:54,400
ABLE TO CONSENT PATIENTS. 

1672
01:06:54,400 --> 01:06:56,720
THEY GET A SERIES OF VIDEOS 

1673
01:06:56,720 --> 01:06:58,040
DELIVERED TO THEM THAT ARE 

1674
01:06:58,040 --> 01:07:00,000
EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS TALKING ABOUT

1675
01:07:00,000 --> 01:07:01,960
HOW TO PREPARE FOR SURGERY AND 

1676
01:07:01,960 --> 01:07:03,320
HOW TO THINK ABOUT SURGERY THAT 

1677
01:07:03,320 --> 01:07:06,920
IS PAINFUL THAT IS NORMAL AND 

1678
01:07:06,920 --> 01:07:08,480
USE OPIOIDS SPARINGLY AND 

1679
01:07:08,480 --> 01:07:10,200
DISPOSE OF THEM AND PAIN 

1680
01:07:10,200 --> 01:07:11,360
MANAGEMENT AND WHAT YOU CAN DO 

1681
01:07:11,360 --> 01:07:13,480
YOURSELF AND SKILLS YOU CAN 

1682
01:07:13,480 --> 01:07:16,360
DEVELOP BEFOREHAND AND WORKING 

1683
01:07:16,360 --> 01:07:19,760
WITH DAVE WILLIAMS AT VANDERBILT

1684
01:07:19,760 --> 01:07:21,320
UN STRIRS AND WE DEVELOPED A 

1685
01:07:21,320 --> 01:07:24,080
SERIES OF VIDEOS THAT DELIVER 

1686
01:07:24,080 --> 01:07:26,280
BREATHING AND PACING ACTIVITIES 

1687
01:07:26,280 --> 01:07:30,080
AS WELL POSITIVELY AND 

1688
01:07:30,080 --> 01:07:32,240
ANALGEEZIC ORIENTED GUIDED 

1689
01:07:32,240 --> 01:07:34,080
IMAGERIES AND IN OUR BRIEF 

1690
01:07:34,080 --> 01:07:36,320
ANALYSIS OF OUR PILOT DATA HERE,

1691
01:07:36,320 --> 01:07:39,080
WE FOUND THAT MATCHED FOR AGE 

1692
01:07:39,080 --> 01:07:42,880
AND SEX PEOPLE UNDERGOING MY 

1693
01:07:42,880 --> 01:07:45,360
CARE PATH HAD MUCH BETTER 

1694
01:07:45,360 --> 01:07:47,240
OUTCOMES AS FAR AS USE FOR 

1695
01:07:47,240 --> 01:07:49,680
OPIOIDS AND END OF TWO WEEKS 

1696
01:07:49,680 --> 01:07:52,800
AFTER SURGERY 75% OF PATIENTS 

1697
01:07:52,800 --> 01:07:56,240
TAKING OPIOIDS BUT 7% OF 

1698
01:07:56,240 --> 01:07:57,880
PATIENTS IN LONG CARE PATH AND 

1699
01:07:57,880 --> 01:08:00,160
LAST STUDY I WILL TALK ABOUT IS 

1700
01:08:00,160 --> 01:08:01,880
SOMETHING THAT MAKES US BUMP OUT

1701
01:08:01,880 --> 01:08:05,560
OF OUR SILOS THAT IS A PROJECT 

1702
01:08:05,560 --> 01:08:07,320
THAT IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY GEORGE 

1703
01:08:07,320 --> 01:08:08,640
WHO IS CHAIR OF OUR DEPARTMENT 

1704
01:08:08,640 --> 01:08:11,520
AND WORKING AT [INDISCERNIBLE] 

1705
01:08:11,520 --> 01:08:14,840
WHICH IS RCTRSA IS EFFORT TO 

1706
01:08:14,840 --> 01:08:16,000
BRING TOGETHER MEDICINE AND ART.

1707
01:08:16,000 --> 01:08:18,680
I HAVE BEEN WORKING WITH MY 

1708
01:08:18,680 --> 01:08:22,240
LOVELY COLLEAGUES.  IT THIS IS 

1709
01:08:22,240 --> 01:08:23,920
HANA.  THIS IS STEPHANIE.  THEY 

1710
01:08:23,920 --> 01:08:27,000
WORKED WITH ME TO THINK ABOUT 

1711
01:08:27,000 --> 01:08:28,840
HOW WE CAN TRANSLATE POSITIVE 

1712
01:08:28,840 --> 01:08:33,720
ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS INTO A 

1713
01:08:33,720 --> 01:08:36,000
DESIGN-ORIENTED TOOLKIT TO HELP 

1714
01:08:36,000 --> 01:08:37,600
PEOPLE EXPLORE PROCESSES AND 

1715
01:08:37,600 --> 01:08:41,200
AFTER MANY, MANY ITERATIONS IS A

1716
01:08:41,200 --> 01:08:42,240
BEAUTIFUL TOOLKIT THEY CAME UP 

1717
01:08:42,240 --> 01:08:44,320
WITH AND FIRST ON RIGHT IS ONE 

1718
01:08:44,320 --> 01:08:48,320
WHERE PATIENTS PUT TOGETHER A 

1719
01:08:48,320 --> 01:08:50,560
RESILIENCE COLLAGE FEELING MOST 

1720
01:08:50,560 --> 01:08:52,960
AND LEAST RESILIENCE AND OTHER 

1721
01:08:52,960 --> 01:08:54,840
ACTIVITIES ARE LIKE PIINGY BANK 

1722
01:08:54,840 --> 01:08:57,160
THEY ARE DOING DAILY POSITIVE 

1723
01:08:57,160 --> 01:08:59,040
REFLECTIONS TAKING PHOTOS 

1724
01:08:59,040 --> 01:09:01,320
SENDING THEM INTO US AND WE ARE 

1725
01:09:01,320 --> 01:09:03,560
IN MIDDLE OF THE STUDY AND 

1726
01:09:03,560 --> 01:09:06,400
ENROLLED PARTICIPANTS AND GARDEN

1727
01:09:06,400 --> 01:09:08,520
ORIENTING THEM TO PROJECT GIVING

1728
01:09:08,520 --> 01:09:10,400
TOOLKITS AND IN MIDDLE OF THREE 

1729
01:09:10,400 --> 01:09:12,360
WEEKS WE KNOW THEY ARE DOING IT.

1730
01:09:12,360 --> 01:09:14,640
ALL HAVE SENT PICTURES AND SEND 

1731
01:09:14,640 --> 01:09:16,360
US PICTURES DAILY ABOUT WHAT 

1732
01:09:16,360 --> 01:09:17,840
THEY ARE DOING AND MEET WITH 

1733
01:09:17,840 --> 01:09:20,880
THEM IN A WEEK AND A HALF AND 

1734
01:09:20,880 --> 01:09:24,000
THIS WORKSHOP WORKING WITH 

1735
01:09:24,000 --> 01:09:26,040
DESIGN TEAM AND PSYCHOLOGY TEAM 

1736
01:09:26,040 --> 01:09:28,160
TALKING ABOUT WHAT EXPERIENCE 

1737
01:09:28,160 --> 01:09:30,400
MEANT AND PUTTING IT FORWARD 

1738
01:09:30,400 --> 01:09:33,160
MAKING PEOPLE RESILIENT TO REACH

1739
01:09:33,160 --> 01:09:35,360
GOALS AND TAKES US TO GOING 

1740
01:09:35,360 --> 01:09:36,080
FORWARD FOR US. 

1741
01:09:36,080 --> 01:09:37,800
HOW DO WE MOVE FORWARD?  

1742
01:09:37,800 --> 01:09:40,800
WE MOVE FORWARD AS A GROUP AND 

1743
01:09:40,800 --> 01:09:42,160
EXPAND COLLABORATIONS ACROSS 

1744
01:09:42,160 --> 01:09:44,720
UNIVERSITIES AND ACROSS 

1745
01:09:44,720 --> 01:09:46,080
COUNTRIES AND ACROSS 

1746
01:09:46,080 --> 01:09:46,400
DISCIPLINES. 

1747
01:09:46,400 --> 01:09:48,040
WE THINK ABOUT HOW WE CAN DO 

1748
01:09:48,040 --> 01:09:49,320
THIS BETTER. 

1749
01:09:49,320 --> 01:09:51,480
THESE ARE RESILIENCE AND YOU 

1750
01:09:51,480 --> 01:09:53,600
WILL MEET A COUPLE OF THE FOLKS 

1751
01:09:53,600 --> 01:09:54,920
IN A LITTLE BIT. 

1752
01:09:54,920 --> 01:09:57,160
TOGETHER, WE LEAN INTO DIVERSITY

1753
01:09:57,160 --> 01:09:59,080
AND INTO EQUITY AND INCLUSION IN

1754
01:09:59,080 --> 01:10:02,200
OUR RESEARCH AND THINK ABOUT HOW

1755
01:10:02,200 --> 01:10:05,840
WE MAKE RESEARCH AS RICH AND 

1756
01:10:05,840 --> 01:10:06,800
GENERALIZABLE AS POSSIBLE. 

1757
01:10:06,800 --> 01:10:08,920
WE INCLUDE PATIENT VOICE.  

1758
01:10:08,920 --> 01:10:10,640
PARTNERING WITH PEOPLE WITH 

1759
01:10:10,640 --> 01:10:12,120
LIVED EXPERIENCE IS PROBABLY ONE

1760
01:10:12,120 --> 01:10:13,760
OF THE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS WE 

1761
01:10:13,760 --> 01:10:14,680
CAN DO. 

1762
01:10:14,680 --> 01:10:16,520
THEY KNOW WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO 

1763
01:10:16,520 --> 01:10:18,920
THEM.  THEY KNOW THINGS THAT WE 

1764
01:10:18,920 --> 01:10:21,400
CAN ONLY GUESS AT.  WHY NOT 

1765
01:10:21,400 --> 01:10:24,720
BRING THEM ON BOARD AND HELP US 

1766
01:10:24,720 --> 01:10:27,480
CREATE BETTER MORE EFFECTIVE 

1767
01:10:27,480 --> 01:10:30,000
RESEARCH STUDIES TO TARGET AND 

1768
01:10:30,000 --> 01:10:31,320
BOOST ENGAGEMENT AND PERSISTENCE

1769
01:10:31,320 --> 01:10:34,120
WE FOCUS ON SYMPTOM REDUCTION 

1770
01:10:34,120 --> 01:10:38,400
AND BEHAVIORAL ACTIVATION IS 

1771
01:10:38,400 --> 01:10:42,000
GREAT AND GETTING PEOPLE TO 

1772
01:10:42,000 --> 01:10:43,600
CONNECT WITH THOSE THEY LOVE AND

1773
01:10:43,600 --> 01:10:45,200
VITALITY AND ZEST AND HAVING 

1774
01:10:45,200 --> 01:10:46,560
MEANING AND PEOPLE THRIVING AND 

1775
01:10:46,560 --> 01:10:48,920
HAVING LIFE THAT IS REWARDING 

1776
01:10:48,920 --> 01:10:50,120
AND PURPOSEFUL ARE GREAT 

1777
01:10:50,120 --> 01:10:52,480
TREATMENT TARGETS.  WE CAN DO A 

1778
01:10:52,480 --> 01:10:53,920
BETTER JOB GETTING THE WORD OUT.

1779
01:10:53,920 --> 01:10:56,000
WE TALK TO OURSELVES A LOT AND 

1780
01:10:56,000 --> 01:10:58,120
HAVE TO TALK TO OTHERS. 

1781
01:10:58,120 --> 01:11:02,080
VIBRANT GROUP ON TWITTER AND 

1782
01:11:02,080 --> 01:11:03,400
INSTAGRAM TALKING ABOUT SCIENCE 

1783
01:11:03,400 --> 01:11:05,080
AND PAIN SCIENCE AND SOME ARE IN

1784
01:11:05,080 --> 01:11:06,920
THE CHAT AND HAVE TO DO A BETTER

1785
01:11:06,920 --> 01:11:09,560
JOB GETTING THINGS OUT THERE 

1786
01:11:09,560 --> 01:11:11,440
USING MEDIA AND SOCIAL MEDIA AND

1787
01:11:11,440 --> 01:11:12,640
TALKING ABOUT WHERE WE GO NEXT 

1788
01:11:12,640 --> 01:11:13,360
WITH SCIENCE. 

1789
01:11:13,360 --> 01:11:15,760
THIS IS MY PANDEMIC PROJECT AND 

1790
01:11:15,760 --> 01:11:17,960
PROJECT TO TRY TO GET RESEARCH 

1791
01:11:17,960 --> 01:11:20,720
OUT INTO PATIENTS HANDS TO 

1792
01:11:20,720 --> 01:11:23,440
PEOPLE'S LIVED EXPERIENCES THAT 

1793
01:11:23,440 --> 01:11:25,600
IS A SUMMARY OF NEUROSCIENCE AS 

1794
01:11:25,600 --> 01:11:27,280
WE UNDERSTAND IT AND 

1795
01:11:27,280 --> 01:11:29,680
NEUROSCIENCE AND RESEARCH BEHIND

1796
01:11:29,680 --> 01:11:31,160
PROCESSES SUCH AS GRATITUDE AND 

1797
01:11:31,160 --> 01:11:32,760
FRIENDSHIPS AND RELATIONSHIPS 

1798
01:11:32,760 --> 01:11:35,720
AND LOVE AND LONELINESS AND HOW 

1799
01:11:35,720 --> 01:11:37,560
TO USE EVIDENCE-BASED ACTIVITIES

1800
01:11:37,560 --> 01:11:40,120
TO BUILD A FLOURISHING PLAN. 

1801
01:11:40,120 --> 01:11:43,040
SO, MOVING FORWARD, WE WANT TO 

1802
01:11:43,040 --> 01:11:45,200
BE MINDFUL HOW WE TALK ABOUT 

1803
01:11:45,200 --> 01:11:46,960
RESILIENCE TO PATIENTS AND LOVED

1804
01:11:46,960 --> 01:11:48,920
ONES AND NEVER WANT TO INFER IF 

1805
01:11:48,920 --> 01:11:50,680
THEY ARE ONLY MORE RESILIENT 

1806
01:11:50,680 --> 01:11:52,200
THEY WOULDN'T HAVE CHRONIC PAIN.

1807
01:11:52,200 --> 01:11:53,760
THAT IS NOT THE MESSAGE OR 

1808
01:11:53,760 --> 01:11:55,800
POINT AND NOT WHAT WE ARE DOING.

1809
01:11:55,800 --> 01:11:57,720
WE HAVE TO BE CAREFUL WE DON'T 

1810
01:11:57,720 --> 01:11:59,520
COME ACROSS THAT WAY. 

1811
01:11:59,520 --> 01:12:02,360
AND RESPECT THE FACT THAT WE ARE

1812
01:12:02,360 --> 01:12:04,200
ALL STRIVING TO BE MORE 

1813
01:12:04,200 --> 01:12:04,760
RESILIENT. 

1814
01:12:04,760 --> 01:12:07,360
OUR COUNTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS 

1815
01:12:07,360 --> 01:12:09,880
AND OUR FRIENDSHIPS AND OUR 

1816
01:12:09,880 --> 01:12:10,960
FAMILIES.  

1817
01:12:10,960 --> 01:12:14,200
RESILIENCE IS NOT A YES OR NO 

1818
01:12:14,200 --> 01:12:15,880
BUT FLOWING PROCESS ON A 

1819
01:12:15,880 --> 01:12:18,960
CONTINUUM THAT WE CONTINUE TO 

1820
01:12:18,960 --> 01:12:21,360
BUILD.  

1821
01:12:21,360 --> 01:12:23,520
LASTLY, I WANT A SHOUTOUT TO 

1822
01:12:23,520 --> 01:12:24,840
PEOPLE MAKING MOST OF THE 

1823
01:12:24,840 --> 01:12:27,120
STUDIES HAPPEN AND IS STUDY TEAM

1824
01:12:27,120 --> 01:12:29,880
AT BACK AND PAIN CENTER.  YOU 

1825
01:12:29,880 --> 01:12:31,800
GUYS TOTALLY ROCK AND THANKING 

1826
01:12:31,800 --> 01:12:34,560
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AND 

1827
01:12:34,560 --> 01:12:37,680
NIH FOR THEIR KIND SUPPORT OF MY

1828
01:12:37,680 --> 01:12:41,000
RESEARCH AND MY SALARY.  THANK 

1829
01:12:41,000 --> 01:12:49,400
Y

1830
01:12:49,400 --> 01:12:49,600
YOU. 

1831
01:12:49,600 --> 01:12:51,880
I MIGHT HAVE TIME FOR -- DO I?  

1832
01:12:51,880 --> 01:12:55,120
YES.  WE DO HAVE TIME. 

1833
01:12:55,120 --> 01:13:01,960
ANY QUESTIONS?  

1834
01:13:01,960 --> 01:13:05,560
OKAY.  PLEASE DO MOVE TO THE 

1835
01:13:05,560 --> 01:13:05,960
MICROPHONE. 

1836
01:13:05,960 --> 01:13:16,480
THANK YOU.  OH, NO.  WHY DON'T 

1837
01:13:18,640 --> 01:13:22,960
YOU ASK AND I WILL REPEAT IT FOR

1838
01:13:22,960 --> 01:13:24,560
FRIENDS AT HOME.  

1839
01:13:24,560 --> 01:13:28,080
HERE COMES THE AV GUY. 

1840
01:13:28,080 --> 01:13:30,880
>>I THINK IT IS ONLINE
NOW.  

1841
01:13:30,880 --> 01:13:32,520
OKAY.  EXCELLENT TALK.  I 

1842
01:13:32,520 --> 01:13:34,320
ENJOYED IT.  YOU ELUDED TO LOTS 

1843
01:13:34,320 --> 01:13:36,040
OF IMPORTANT THINGS WE ARE 

1844
01:13:36,040 --> 01:13:38,200
DAEGING WITH NOW IN TERMS OF THE

1845
01:13:38,200 --> 01:13:39,880
IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC AND FOR 

1846
01:13:39,880 --> 01:13:41,480
MANY PEOPLE AND MUCH OF OUR 

1847
01:13:41,480 --> 01:13:43,760
SOCIAL LIFE IS SPENT IN OUR 

1848
01:13:43,760 --> 01:13:46,280
PROFESSIONAL ROLE AND MUCH OF 

1849
01:13:46,280 --> 01:13:48,440
OUR PROFESSIONAL LIFE IS STILL 

1850
01:13:48,440 --> 01:13:50,400
VERY VIRTUAL WITH ZOOM MEETINGS 

1851
01:13:50,400 --> 01:13:52,000
AND SO FORTH AND WHAT MOST 

1852
01:13:52,000 --> 01:13:54,320
RECOGNIZE IS THE GREAT REDUCTION

1853
01:13:54,320 --> 01:13:56,080
AND SOCIAL RE-ENFORCERS AND SO 

1854
01:13:56,080 --> 01:14:00,680
FORTH COMPARED TO IN REAL LIFE 

1855
01:14:00,680 --> 01:14:01,000
EXPERIENCES. 

1856
01:14:01,000 --> 01:14:03,400
ARE WE STUDYING NOT ONLY THE 

1857
01:14:03,400 --> 01:14:05,320
NEGATIVE IMPACT MAYBE THAT JUST 

1858
01:14:05,320 --> 01:14:08,520
A KIND OF CHRONIC DIEIAD OF ZOOM

1859
01:14:08,520 --> 01:14:09,880
INTERACTIONS BUT ALSO LOOKING AT

1860
01:14:09,880 --> 01:14:12,480
MORE POSITIVELY THERE IS GREAT 

1861
01:14:12,480 --> 01:14:14,560
OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING, YOU 

1862
01:14:14,560 --> 01:14:16,280
KNOW, EMERGING VIRTUAL 

1863
01:14:16,280 --> 01:14:18,240
TECHNOLOGY TO DO THE SORT OF 

1864
01:14:18,240 --> 01:14:19,720
INTERVENTIONS THAT YOU HAVE BEEN

1865
01:14:19,720 --> 01:14:20,720
TALKING ABOUT AND REALLY 

1866
01:14:20,720 --> 01:14:23,400
UNDERSTANDING HOW TO ENHANCE THE

1867
01:14:23,400 --> 01:14:26,440
VARIABLES THAT LEAD TO MORE 

1868
01:14:26,440 --> 01:14:30,040
FEELINGS OF SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS

1869
01:14:30,040 --> 01:14:36,640
AND LESS PRISONERS DIIAD OF 

1870
01:14:36,640 --> 01:14:41,320
GROUND MEAT AND NOT GOING TO THE

1871
01:14:41,320 --> 01:14:44,720
REST ROOM AND THINGS LIKE THAT. 

1872
01:14:44,720 --> 01:14:47,360
>>GREAT QUESTION.  I
ASSUME 

1873
01:14:47,360 --> 01:14:49,960
PEOPLE ARE WE CONDUCT ONE OF THE

1874
01:14:49,960 --> 01:14:52,600
MOST GRAND EXPERIMENTS IN OUR 

1875
01:14:52,600 --> 01:14:54,160
LIFETIME AND HAD A THING THAT 

1876
01:14:54,160 --> 01:14:57,480
CAME IN AND FROM SOCIAL 

1877
01:14:57,480 --> 01:15:04,040
SCIENTISTS AND PSYCHSOLOGIST 

1878
01:15:04,040 --> 01:15:07,280
STANDPOINT AND SERVING 

1879
01:15:07,280 --> 01:15:09,160
LONELINESS FOR AT RISK 

1880
01:15:09,160 --> 01:15:11,280
POPULATIONS AND FOR US WE SAW IN

1881
01:15:11,280 --> 01:15:12,720
STUDENTS THAT IS ACROSS THE 

1882
01:15:12,720 --> 01:15:16,040
COUNTRY AND IS INCREDIBLE 

1883
01:15:16,040 --> 01:15:17,920
ELEVATION IN ANXIETY AND 

1884
01:15:17,920 --> 01:15:19,840
DEPRESSION AND SEE IN HEALTHCARE

1885
01:15:19,840 --> 01:15:21,880
WORKERS ON FRONTLINES FEELING 

1886
01:15:21,880 --> 01:15:26,120
ALSO ISOLATED AND ALIENATED AND 

1887
01:15:26,120 --> 01:15:28,360
STUDIED IN EVERY WHICH WAY AND 

1888
01:15:28,360 --> 01:15:30,920
IS SOMETHING THAT ALSO HAS 

1889
01:15:30,920 --> 01:15:32,760
PROVIDED AN OPPORTUNITY THAT HAS

1890
01:15:32,760 --> 01:15:34,960
MADE US RETHINK REALLY HOW WE DO

1891
01:15:34,960 --> 01:15:37,880
THINGS AND MAYBE WE ARE SPENDING

1892
01:15:37,880 --> 01:15:41,280
LESS TIME COMMUTING TO WORK AND 

1893
01:15:41,280 --> 01:15:43,200
WITH FAMILIES IN PRIMARY SOCIAL 

1894
01:15:43,200 --> 01:15:44,480
RELATIONSHIPS IS A GOOD THING 

1895
01:15:44,480 --> 01:15:46,520
AND MAYBE GETTING INTERVENTIONS 

1896
01:15:46,520 --> 01:15:48,960
OUT TO MORE PEOPLE AND FIGURED 

1897
01:15:48,960 --> 01:15:52,320
OUT HOW TO DELIVER SOME OF THESE

1898
01:15:52,320 --> 01:15:53,560
THINGS LIKE TELEHEALTH IS 

1899
01:15:53,560 --> 01:15:55,400
ANOTHER WAY TO GET THERE AND 

1900
01:15:55,400 --> 01:15:57,280
AGREE NO SUBSTITUTE FOR BEING 

1901
01:15:57,280 --> 01:15:59,360
TOGETHER AND SEEING EACH OTHER 

1902
01:15:59,360 --> 01:16:02,000
AND GET TEARY EYED WHEN THINKING

1903
01:16:02,000 --> 01:16:04,400
ABOUT THIS HOW MEANINGFUL IT IS 

1904
01:16:04,400 --> 01:16:06,880
TO HUG COLLEAGUES WITH LITERALLY

1905
01:16:06,880 --> 01:16:09,120
SOMETIMES THREE YEARS NO THE 

1906
01:16:09,120 --> 01:16:11,560
SEEING THEM AND HOW GLORIOUS IT 

1907
01:16:11,560 --> 01:16:15,280
IS AND GOING INTO WORK AND IT IS

1908
01:16:15,280 --> 01:16:17,680
BIG AND 10 PRINCIPLE 

1909
01:16:17,680 --> 01:16:18,600
INVESTIGATORS IN ARMY OF PEOPLE 

1910
01:16:18,600 --> 01:16:22,560
THAT SUPPORT US AND WALKING IN 

1911
01:16:22,560 --> 01:16:24,280
HAVING VIBRANCY AND ABILITY TO 

1912
01:16:24,280 --> 01:16:27,040
WALK INTO OFFICE NEXT TO YOU 

1913
01:16:27,040 --> 01:16:30,520
TALKING TO NEUROSCIENTIST AND 

1914
01:16:30,520 --> 01:16:32,320
SOMEBODY WITH INFLAMMATORY 

1915
01:16:32,320 --> 01:16:34,120
FACTORS AND SYNERGY BEING 

1916
01:16:34,120 --> 01:16:36,600
TOGETHER THAT DOESN'T EXIST IN 

1917
01:16:36,600 --> 01:16:39,080
ZOOM AND ZOOM FATIGUE.  OH, MY 

1918
01:16:39,080 --> 01:16:41,360
GOSH.  WHO IS SO DONE WITH ZOOM?

1919
01:16:41,360 --> 01:16:43,480
FOR THE RECORD, A SHOW OF HANDS.

1920
01:16:43,480 --> 01:16:45,680
YEAH.  YOU KNOW, IT IS A 

1921
01:16:45,680 --> 01:16:47,120
BLESSING AND A CURSE.  YEAH.  I 

1922
01:16:47,120 --> 01:16:48,600
THINK IT WILL BE FASCINATING TO 

1923
01:16:48,600 --> 01:16:50,880
SEE.  WE WILL TALK ABOUT THIS 

1924
01:16:50,880 --> 01:16:52,600
PROBABLY FOR NEXT DECADE.  IT 

1925
01:16:52,600 --> 01:16:54,200
WILL BE DECADE RESPONSES THAT WE

1926
01:16:54,200 --> 01:16:56,320
WILL BE INTERESTED IN. 

1927
01:16:56,320 --> 01:16:58,560
THANK YOU.  

1928
01:16:58,560 --> 01:17:01,600
DISSERTATIONS; RIGHT?  

1929
01:17:01,600 --> 01:17:05,920
YEAH.  

1930
01:17:05,920 --> 01:17:15,040
>>WE CAN'T. 

1931
01:17:15,040 --> 01:17:20,040
HERE COMES AV GUY AGAIN. 

1932
01:17:20,040 --> 01:17:30,320
DUN, DUN, DUN. 

1933
01:17:35,640 --> 01:17:37,560
IT IS SO BAD. 

1934
01:17:37,560 --> 01:17:38,560
>>OKAY.  

1935
01:17:38,560 --> 01:17:41,560
THANK YOU.  HI.  I REALLY 

1936
01:17:41,560 --> 01:17:42,920
ENJOYED YOUR TALK AND JUST THE 

1937
01:17:42,920 --> 01:17:45,120
OTHER DAY MY DAD ASKED ME FOR 

1938
01:17:45,120 --> 01:17:47,400
ADVICE I HAD BEEN CHRONIC PAIN 

1939
01:17:47,400 --> 01:17:48,760
AND LOWER BACK PAIN AND CURIOUS 

1940
01:17:48,760 --> 01:17:51,280
ABOUT ONE THING YOU MENTIONED IS

1941
01:17:51,280 --> 01:17:54,280
THAT OPTIMISM TENDS TO BE 

1942
01:17:54,280 --> 01:17:55,880
PROTECTED FOR CHRONIC PAIN AND 

1943
01:17:55,880 --> 01:17:58,040
KNOW THAT AMERICANS COULD BE A 

1944
01:17:58,040 --> 01:17:59,400
PRETTY OPTIMISTIC BUNCH. 

1945
01:17:59,400 --> 01:18:01,520
WAS THIS SOMETHING YOU SAW 

1946
01:18:01,520 --> 01:18:04,120
ACROSS MULTIPLE COUNTRIES AND 

1947
01:18:04,120 --> 01:18:05,400
MULTIPLE DIFFERENT CULTURE 

1948
01:18:05,400 --> 01:18:05,760
GROUPS?  

1949
01:18:05,760 --> 01:18:06,560
>>COOL QUESTION. 

1950
01:18:06,560 --> 01:18:08,320
YOU KNOW, IN THE INTEREST OF 

1951
01:18:08,320 --> 01:18:11,640
TIME WE CAN DO A WHOLE TALK ON 

1952
01:18:11,640 --> 01:18:15,080
OPTIMISM AND IS BAD OPTIMISM TOO

1953
01:18:15,080 --> 01:18:16,800
AND MAKES PEOPLE DO THINGS THEY 

1954
01:18:16,800 --> 01:18:19,000
SHOULDN'T BE DOING.  WE ARE 

1955
01:18:19,000 --> 01:18:20,800
OPTIMISTIC AND DIFFERENT GROUPS 

1956
01:18:20,800 --> 01:18:24,240
ARE AND SOLDIERS WERE 

1957
01:18:24,240 --> 01:18:25,240
RIDICULOUSLY OPTIMISTIC AND 

1958
01:18:25,240 --> 01:18:26,680
ESPECIALLY OFFICERS AND PEOPLE 

1959
01:18:26,680 --> 01:18:28,640
THAT ARE SALES AND YOU HAVE TO 

1960
01:18:28,640 --> 01:18:29,760
BE TO DO THAT. 

1961
01:18:29,760 --> 01:18:30,080
>>YEAH. 

1962
01:18:30,080 --> 01:18:32,040
>>GREAT QUESTION.  THERE
IS 

1963
01:18:32,040 --> 01:18:34,360
DIFFERENCES THAT IS OPTIMISM IS 

1964
01:18:34,360 --> 01:18:35,640
A KIND OF BIG TOPIC. 

1965
01:18:35,640 --> 01:18:36,400
>>OKAY. 

1966
01:18:36,400 --> 01:18:39,200
>> YEAH.  GENERALLY,
SUPER 

1967
01:18:39,200 --> 01:18:41,240
HELPFUL THAT IS KIND OF THE 

1968
01:18:41,240 --> 01:18:43,200
OPPOSITE OF PAIN CATASTROPHIZING

1969
01:18:43,200 --> 01:18:45,520
THAT IS KIND OF BAD ACROSS THE 

1970
01:18:45,520 --> 01:18:45,760
BOARD. 

1971
01:18:45,760 --> 01:18:48,040
>>THANK YOU. 

1972
01:18:48,040 --> 01:18:48,720
>>THANK YOU. 

1973
01:18:48,720 --> 01:18:52,360
>>YOU MIGHT NEED TO GO
OVER 

1974
01:18:52,360 --> 01:18:55,680
THERE.  

1975
01:18:55,680 --> 01:18:59,800
OKAY.  GIVE IT A TRY.  HE SAID 

1976
01:18:59,800 --> 01:19:01,680
GIVE IT A TRY.  

1977
01:19:01,680 --> 01:19:03,680
MAYBE YOU COULD ASK YOUR 

1978
01:19:03,680 --> 01:19:06,960
QUESTION.  WE CAN COME BACK, 

1979
01:19:06,960 --> 01:19:12,720
MAM.  

1980
01:19:12,720 --> 01:19:13,400
OKAY.  

1981
01:19:13,400 --> 01:19:14,840
>>THANK YOU.  GREAT TALK.

1982
01:19:14,840 --> 01:19:15,760
>>THANK YOU. 

1983
01:19:15,760 --> 01:19:19,000
>>I -- I WAS VERY
INTRIGUED BY 

1984
01:19:19,000 --> 01:19:21,720
THAT RELATIONSHIP THAT YOU 

1985
01:19:21,720 --> 01:19:23,880
TALKED ABOUT BETWEEN GRATITUDE 

1986
01:19:23,880 --> 01:19:29,040
AND WELLBEING THROUGH STRESS -- 

1987
01:19:29,040 --> 01:19:32,960
PERCEIVED STRESS AND SLEEP. 

1988
01:19:32,960 --> 01:19:34,920
CAN YOU THINK ABOUT -- I WONDER 

1989
01:19:34,920 --> 01:19:38,200
WHAT YOUR THOUGHTS ARE ABOUT A 

1990
01:19:38,200 --> 01:19:38,960
POSSIBLE MECHANISM HERE. 

1991
01:19:38,960 --> 01:19:40,160
>>YEAH. 

1992
01:19:40,160 --> 01:19:44,360
>>SLEEP IS SUCH A HUGE
PIECE 

1993
01:19:44,360 --> 01:19:46,600
THAT IS NOT REALLY PART OF THESE

1994
01:19:46,600 --> 01:19:48,160
TYPES OF STUDIES AND WONDERING 

1995
01:19:48,160 --> 01:19:49,440
WHERE AND HOW THAT COULD BE 

1996
01:19:49,440 --> 01:19:51,440
BROUGHT IN MORE AND DO YOU HAVE 

1997
01:19:51,440 --> 01:19:52,000
THOUGHTS ABOUT THAT?  

1998
01:19:52,000 --> 01:19:54,880
>>I LOVE YOU ARE TALKING
ABOUT 

1999
01:19:54,880 --> 01:19:58,800
SLEEP AND PAT TRICK IS DOG 

2000
01:19:58,800 --> 01:20:00,200
REMARKABLE WORK LOOKING AT HOW 

2001
01:20:00,200 --> 01:20:03,240
SLEEP IS RIGHT AND POSITIVE 

2002
01:20:03,240 --> 01:20:05,160
EFFECT DOESN'T SEEM TO FUNCTION 

2003
01:20:05,160 --> 01:20:09,320
PROPERLY AND SEEMS TO BE A LYNCH

2004
01:20:09,320 --> 01:20:12,080
PIN AND WE DO CONSIDER SLEEP 

2005
01:20:12,080 --> 01:20:13,400
JUST ABOUT EVERY STUDY DIDN'T 

2006
01:20:13,400 --> 01:20:16,040
TALK ABOUT IT A LOT AND KNOW IT 

2007
01:20:16,040 --> 01:20:18,160
IS CRITICAL AND CHRONIC PAIN 

2008
01:20:18,160 --> 01:20:19,800
PATIENTS SLEEPING AND NOT 

2009
01:20:19,800 --> 01:20:21,840
SLEEPING WELL BEFORE AND IF WE 

2010
01:20:21,840 --> 01:20:24,600
CAN DO ONE THING NOT SLEEPING 

2011
01:20:24,600 --> 01:20:26,560
WELL AND EVERYTHING SEEMS TO 

2012
01:20:26,560 --> 01:20:28,000
CHANGE AND PEOPLE WILL TALK MORE

2013
01:20:28,000 --> 01:20:30,840
ABOUT THIS AND WHAT THEIR 

2014
01:20:30,840 --> 01:20:32,720
THOUGHTS ARE ABOUT AND RATHER 

2015
01:20:32,720 --> 01:20:34,080
MECHANISMS THAT ARE LIKELY 

2016
01:20:34,080 --> 01:20:35,120
NEURAL AND HAVE TO DO. 

2017
01:20:35,120 --> 01:20:38,680
>>NEURAL AND TWO WAYS. 

2018
01:20:38,680 --> 01:20:40,600
>>RIGHT. 

2019
01:20:40,600 --> 01:20:43,960
>>YEAH.  GOES BOTH WAYS. 

2020
01:20:43,960 --> 01:20:45,680
>>THANK YOU. 

2021
01:20:45,680 --> 01:20:46,240
>>[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

2022
01:20:46,240 --> 01:20:47,640
>>STILL DOESN'T WORK?  

2023
01:20:47,640 --> 01:20:58,160
HE WILL GET YOU THE OTHER MIC. 

2024
01:21:07,120 --> 01:21:08,920
>>YEAH.  I LIKE WHAT YOU
TALKED

2025
01:21:08,920 --> 01:21:10,240
ABOUT.  I THINK THERE IS 

2026
01:21:10,240 --> 01:21:12,240
PROBABLY TWO THINGS THAT SEEM TO

2027
01:21:12,240 --> 01:21:16,320
ME TO BE THRESHOLDS FOR THE 

2028
01:21:16,320 --> 01:21:18,840
ABILITY TO PROFIT FROM YOUR 

2029
01:21:18,840 --> 01:21:21,560
OPTIMISM OR, YOU KNOW, HAVE 

2030
01:21:21,560 --> 01:21:23,160
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND AN 

2031
01:21:23,160 --> 01:21:26,200
EFFECT.  THOSE TWO ARE PAIN 

2032
01:21:26,200 --> 01:21:27,440
INTENSITY AND ACCEPTANCE. 

2033
01:21:27,440 --> 01:21:29,640
IF YOUR PAIN IS TOO HIGH, I LIVE

2034
01:21:29,640 --> 01:21:33,280
WITH PAIN AND KNOW THAT.  I ALSO

2035
01:21:33,280 --> 01:21:35,160
LEAD SUPPORT GROUPS FOR PEOPLE 

2036
01:21:35,160 --> 01:21:39,040
WITH PAIN AND FEEL MEDICAL 

2037
01:21:39,040 --> 01:21:41,480
MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IS INCREDIBLY

2038
01:21:41,480 --> 01:21:43,360
IMPORTANT AS A THRESHOLD TO 

2039
01:21:43,360 --> 01:21:44,680
PROFIT FROM SOME OTHER THINGS 

2040
01:21:44,680 --> 01:21:48,480
AND OTHER IS ACCEPTANCE AND 

2041
01:21:48,480 --> 01:21:50,000
ACCEPTING THAT THIS IS IT AND 

2042
01:21:50,000 --> 01:21:52,160
THERE IS NO CURE FOR CHRONIC 

2043
01:21:52,160 --> 01:21:53,600
PAIN AND THEREFORE IT DOESN'T 

2044
01:21:53,600 --> 01:21:56,080
MEAN, YOU KNOW, GIVING UP OR 

2045
01:21:56,080 --> 01:21:56,320
ANYTHING. 

2046
01:21:56,320 --> 01:21:58,160
IT MEANS YOU HAVE TO BUILD A NEW

2047
01:21:58,160 --> 01:22:00,000
LIFE AND YOU NEED TO ACCEPT 

2048
01:22:00,000 --> 01:22:00,200
THIS. 

2049
01:22:00,200 --> 01:22:02,360
IT IS HARD, I THINK, FOR PEOPLE 

2050
01:22:02,360 --> 01:22:04,320
TO DO POSITIVE STUFF WITHOUT THE

2051
01:22:04,320 --> 01:22:06,600
EARLY STUFF AND I'M WONDERING IF

2052
01:22:06,600 --> 01:22:09,720
-- WHAT YOU THINK OF PAIN 

2053
01:22:09,720 --> 01:22:12,960
INTENSITY AND ACCEPTANCE BEING 

2054
01:22:12,960 --> 01:22:13,360
PREREQUISITES?  

2055
01:22:13,360 --> 01:22:14,880
>>I LIKE THAT AND THINK
IT 

2056
01:22:14,880 --> 01:22:17,760
MAKES A LOT OF SENSE AND THINK 

2057
01:22:17,760 --> 01:22:20,960
THAT PAIN ACCEPTANCE MIGHT BE 

2058
01:22:20,960 --> 01:22:22,320
THE KIND OF LYNCH PIN THINKING 

2059
01:22:22,320 --> 01:22:24,200
THIS IS WHERE I AM AT AND WHAT I

2060
01:22:24,200 --> 01:22:26,360
GOT AND NOW WHAT?  

2061
01:22:26,360 --> 01:22:28,320
FEELS THAT KIND OF OPENS THE 

2062
01:22:28,320 --> 01:22:31,040
DOOR AND WONDER IF PEOPLE WHO 

2063
01:22:31,040 --> 01:22:33,040
ARE OPTIMISTIC BY TRAIT MIGHT BE

2064
01:22:33,040 --> 01:22:35,120
MORE ABLE TO COME TO THAT.  

2065
01:22:35,120 --> 01:22:36,760
THERE IS A KIND OF -- FEELS LIKE

2066
01:22:36,760 --> 01:22:43,000
THERE IS A REALLY INTERESTING 

2067
01:22:43,000 --> 01:22:47,120
POTENTIAL CAUSATIVE PATHWAY THAT

2068
01:22:47,120 --> 01:22:57,400
IS ON THE MARK. 

2069
01:22:59,800 --> 01:23:02,320
>>PAIN INTENSITY IS 

2070
01:23:02,320 --> 01:23:03,320
INTERESTING. 

2071
01:23:03,320 --> 01:23:04,600
WE TALKED ABOUT THE 

2072
01:23:04,600 --> 01:23:06,000
[INDISCERNIBLE] STUDY AND SHOWED

2073
01:23:06,000 --> 01:23:09,560
PEOPLE HAVE LOW PAIN INTENSITY 

2074
01:23:09,560 --> 01:23:11,560
AND LOW DISABLE THE AND SOME HAD

2075
01:23:11,560 --> 01:23:16,480
HIGH PAIN INTENSITY AND MINIMAL 

2076
01:23:16,480 --> 01:23:17,400
DISABILITY AND MIGHT BE AN 

2077
01:23:17,400 --> 01:23:18,880
INDIVIDUAL PROCESS AND DO THINK 

2078
01:23:18,880 --> 01:23:20,360
THAT ALMOST EVERYTHING IS EASIER

2079
01:23:20,360 --> 01:23:22,720
AND BETTER WHEN NOT TOTALLY 

2080
01:23:22,720 --> 01:23:23,640
OVERWHELMED BY PAIN. 

2081
01:23:23,640 --> 01:23:23,880
>>YES. 

2082
01:23:23,880 --> 01:23:24,760
>>RIGHT?  

2083
01:23:24,760 --> 01:23:27,880
THAT IS A NONSTARTER SO THAT I 

2084
01:23:27,880 --> 01:23:29,480
THINK THAT WHEN YOU HAVE PAIN --

2085
01:23:29,480 --> 01:23:32,560
PERHAPS THERE IS OTHER WAYS TO 

2086
01:23:32,560 --> 01:23:33,960
MANAGE PAIN AND QUESTIONS WE 

2087
01:23:33,960 --> 01:23:36,320
DON'T KNOW AND TRY TO DO IN 

2088
01:23:36,320 --> 01:23:39,120
SMART DESIGN TRIALS GIVING 

2089
01:23:39,120 --> 01:23:40,360
SOMEBODY DRUG FIRST AND GIVE 

2090
01:23:40,360 --> 01:23:43,040
PAIN BETTER CAN WE GET THEM TO 

2091
01:23:43,040 --> 01:23:44,400
DO ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT 

2092
01:23:44,400 --> 01:23:47,040
THERAPY DOES THAT WORK BETTER OR

2093
01:23:47,040 --> 01:23:48,400
ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT 

2094
01:23:48,400 --> 01:23:49,720
THERAPY AND DRUG WORKS BETTER 

2095
01:23:49,720 --> 01:23:51,320
THEY FEEL BETTER ABOUT THEIR 

2096
01:23:51,320 --> 01:23:52,760
CASE AND WE DON'T KNOW THAT AND 

2097
01:23:52,760 --> 01:23:53,840
TRY TO ANSWER QUESTIONS AND 

2098
01:23:53,840 --> 01:23:56,120
THINK IT IS REALLY ON THE MARK. 

2099
01:23:56,120 --> 01:23:58,880
>>OKAY.  YEAH.  I THINK
IT IS 

2100
01:23:58,880 --> 01:24:00,800
IMPORTANT AND THAT MEDICATION IS

2101
01:24:00,800 --> 01:24:04,200
A PIECE OF IT.  BECAUSE I FEEL 

2102
01:24:04,200 --> 01:24:05,880
LIKE PEOPLE WITH VERY SEVERE 

2103
01:24:05,880 --> 01:24:07,520
PAIN NEED A LEVEL OF SOME TYPE 

2104
01:24:07,520 --> 01:24:11,080
OF MEDICATION BEFORE THEY CAN 

2105
01:24:11,080 --> 01:24:11,400
FUNCTION. 

2106
01:24:11,400 --> 01:24:13,720
WHEN PAIN IS SO INTENSE EVERYONE

2107
01:24:13,720 --> 01:24:15,800
KNOWS THAT EXPERIENCE OF PAIN 

2108
01:24:15,800 --> 01:24:19,400
BEING SO INTENSE YOU CAN'T 

2109
01:24:19,400 --> 01:24:20,280
ABSOLUTELY THINK OF ANYTHING 

2110
01:24:20,280 --> 01:24:20,680
ELSE. 

2111
01:24:20,680 --> 01:24:22,960
>>I THINK YOU ARE RIGHT
AND 

2112
01:24:22,960 --> 01:24:24,400
TALKED MOSTLY ABOUT POSITIVE 

2113
01:24:24,400 --> 01:24:26,440
PAIN INTERVENTION ACTIVITIES AND

2114
01:24:26,440 --> 01:24:27,600
THEY PROBABLY SHOULDN'T BE 

2115
01:24:27,600 --> 01:24:29,880
DELIVERED ALONE THAT IS ALL YOU 

2116
01:24:29,880 --> 01:24:32,720
DO.  I'M VERY MUCH FOR 

2117
01:24:32,720 --> 01:24:34,200
MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND 

2118
01:24:34,200 --> 01:24:34,880
MULTICOMPONENT TREATMENT AND WE 

2119
01:24:34,880 --> 01:24:38,240
KNOW WORKS AND GET PEOPLE 

2120
01:24:38,240 --> 01:24:38,680
STABILIZED PERHAPS 

2121
01:24:38,680 --> 01:24:41,600
PHARMACOLOGICALLY AND GET THEM 

2122
01:24:41,600 --> 01:24:43,920
MOVING AND TO SLEEP AND 

2123
01:24:43,920 --> 01:24:45,840
DEPRESSED WITH THAT OR ANXIOUS 

2124
01:24:45,840 --> 01:24:47,760
WE HELP WITH THAT AND ADDRESSING

2125
01:24:47,760 --> 01:24:49,640
WHOLE HUMAN AND HAS BEEN OUR 

2126
01:24:49,640 --> 01:24:51,160
PROBLEM AND HIT THEM EVERYTHING 

2127
01:24:51,160 --> 01:24:52,680
WITH MEDICATION AND NOT DOING 

2128
01:24:52,680 --> 01:24:53,400
MUCH ELSE. 

2129
01:24:53,400 --> 01:24:56,400
IT FEELS LIKE WE REALLY NEED TO 

2130
01:24:56,400 --> 01:24:58,880
ATTACK ALL DOMAINS THAT ALSO 

2131
01:24:58,880 --> 01:25:01,040
BEING PEOPLES RELATIONSHIPS AND 

2132
01:25:01,040 --> 01:25:01,960
THEIR -- 

2133
01:25:01,960 --> 01:25:02,520
>>AGREE. 

2134
01:25:02,520 --> 01:25:05,040
>>AND SENSE OF LIFE AND
THAT 

2135
01:25:05,040 --> 01:25:06,040
THEY SEE A WAY FORWARD AND 

2136
01:25:06,040 --> 01:25:08,400
PEOPLE ARE LIKELY TO TAKE CARE 

2137
01:25:08,400 --> 01:25:09,480
OF THEMSELVES WHEN THEY FEEL 

2138
01:25:09,480 --> 01:25:12,080
THEY HAVE SOME PLACE THEY CAN GO

2139
01:25:12,080 --> 01:25:13,400
THAT WILL BE WORTH WHILE. 

2140
01:25:13,400 --> 01:25:14,040
>>I AGREE. 

2141
01:25:14,040 --> 01:25:19,040
>>THANK YOU AND FOR YOUR 

2142
01:25:19,040 --> 01:25:19,320
COMMENTS. 

2143
01:25:19,320 --> 01:25:31,200
>>[APPLAUSE]. 

2144
01:25:31,200 --> 01:25:33,160
I'M KAREN KALE AND PROGRAM
DIRECTOR 

2145
01:25:33,160 --> 01:25:34,720
AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING

2146
01:25:34,720 --> 01:25:36,520
RESEARCH AND HONORED THIS 

2147
01:25:36,520 --> 01:25:38,480
MORNING TO BE HERE TO MODERATE A

2148
01:25:38,480 --> 01:25:41,200
PANEL ON PAIN DISPARITIES ACROSS

2149
01:25:41,200 --> 01:25:43,360
DIVERSE POPULATIONS AND WILL 

2150
01:25:43,360 --> 01:25:45,080
INTRODUCE OUR PANELISTS TO YOU 

2151
01:25:45,080 --> 01:25:46,800
FIRST.  THEY WILL EACH GIVE 

2152
01:25:46,800 --> 01:25:47,880
THEIR PRESENTATIONS. 

2153
01:25:47,880 --> 01:25:50,440
WE HAVE TIME FOR QUESTIONS AND 

2154
01:25:50,440 --> 01:25:51,160
ANSWERS AFTERWARDS. 

2155
01:25:51,160 --> 01:25:53,680
IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS DURING A 

2156
01:25:53,680 --> 01:25:55,640
PRESENTATION, WRITE IT DOWN AND 

2157
01:25:55,640 --> 01:25:56,840
MAKE YOURSELF A NOTE. 

2158
01:25:56,840 --> 01:25:58,560
WE WILL HAVE TIME AGAIN AT THE 

2159
01:25:58,560 --> 01:25:59,280
END. 

2160
01:25:59,280 --> 01:26:01,840
FIRST, I WANT TO INTRODUCE TO 

2161
01:26:01,840 --> 01:26:03,720
YOU DR. ROBERT EDWARDS WHO WILL 

2162
01:26:03,720 --> 01:26:07,840
GIVE US AN OVERVIEW ON 

2163
01:26:07,840 --> 01:26:08,520
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL CONTRIBUTORS TO 

2164
01:26:08,520 --> 01:26:10,560
PAIN DISPARITIES AND IDENTIFYING

2165
01:26:10,560 --> 01:26:13,080
OPPORTUNITIES TO FACILITATE 

2166
01:26:13,080 --> 01:26:15,320
REDISTILLANCE.  DR. EDWARDS IS 

2167
01:26:15,320 --> 01:26:17,120
AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AND 

2168
01:26:17,120 --> 01:26:18,560
LICIENCED CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST 

2169
01:26:18,560 --> 01:26:22,560
IN THE PAIN MANAGEMENT CENTER IN

2170
01:26:22,560 --> 01:26:24,600
THE DEPARTMENT OF ANESTHESIOLOGY

2171
01:26:24,600 --> 01:26:30,080
AT BRING HAM AND WOMEN'S 

2172
01:26:30,080 --> 01:26:35,680
HOSPI

2173
01:26:35,680 --> 01:26:37,160
HOSPITAL. 

2174
01:26:37,160 --> 01:26:40,320
AFTER COMPLETING POST DOCTORAL 

2175
01:26:40,320 --> 01:26:43,840
FELLOWSHIP HE JOIN THE FACULTY 

2176
01:26:43,840 --> 01:26:50,960
THERE AND MOVED TO BRIGHAM -- 

2177
01:26:50,960 --> 01:26:54,640
ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN FUNDED BY

2178
01:26:54,640 --> 01:26:58,200
NIH PCORI NATIONAL SCIENCE 

2179
01:26:58,200 --> 01:26:59,960
FOUNDATION AND OTHER 

2180
01:26:59,960 --> 01:27:02,680
ORGANIZATIONS AND HE STUDIES 

2181
01:27:02,680 --> 01:27:04,160
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN PAIN 

2182
01:27:04,160 --> 01:27:07,840
RESPONSES AND NEUROBIOLOGICAL 

2183
01:27:07,840 --> 01:27:11,760
MECHANISMS BY WHICH PSYCHOSOCIAL

2184
01:27:11,760 --> 01:27:13,160
PROCESSES SHAPE INDIVIDUAL 

2185
01:27:13,160 --> 01:27:15,560
DIFFERENCES AND SECOND SPEAKER 

2186
01:27:15,560 --> 01:27:16,840
IS DR. [INDISCERNIBLE] TALKING 

2187
01:27:16,840 --> 01:27:18,120
ABOUT THREATS TO SOCIAL SAFETY 

2188
01:27:18,120 --> 01:27:20,120
AND WHETHER OR NOT THEY PROMOTE 

2189
01:27:20,120 --> 01:27:22,600
PAIN DISPARITIES AND DR. GOODIN 

2190
01:27:22,600 --> 01:27:25,560
IS A PROFESSOR IN DEPARTMENT OF 

2191
01:27:25,560 --> 01:27:26,920
ANESTHESIOLOGY AT WASHINGTON 

2192
01:27:26,920 --> 01:27:29,160
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE IN

2193
01:27:29,160 --> 01:27:31,640
ST. LOUIS WHO IS A WIDELY 

2194
01:27:31,640 --> 01:27:33,920
RECOGNIZE THE EXPERT IN 

2195
01:27:33,920 --> 01:27:35,600
TRANSLATIONAL PAIN SCIENCE WITH 

2196
01:27:35,600 --> 01:27:39,320
BROAD EXPERTISE RANGING FROM 

2197
01:27:39,320 --> 01:27:41,400
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY TO SOCIAL 

2198
01:27:41,400 --> 01:27:42,560
NEUROSCIENCE AND NOTABLE RECORD 

2199
01:27:42,560 --> 01:27:45,280
OF BUILDING AND LEADING 

2200
01:27:45,280 --> 01:27:49,160
TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 

2201
01:27:49,160 --> 01:27:50,760
TEAMS.  DR. GOONIN SERVES IN 

2202
01:27:50,760 --> 01:27:54,840
LARGE FUNDED STUDIES ACROSS 

2203
01:27:54,840 --> 01:28:00,840
MULTIPLE N ICHLT HIH INSTITUTES 

2204
01:28:00,840 --> 01:28:04,840
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING 

2205
01:28:04,840 --> 01:28:05,760
RESEARCH. 

2206
01:28:05,760 --> 01:28:08,280
HIS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IS 

2207
01:28:08,280 --> 01:28:09,960
RELATED TO DISPARITIES AND 

2208
01:28:09,960 --> 01:28:12,720
EXPERIENCE OF PAIN BASED ON 

2209
01:28:12,720 --> 01:28:15,800
MANAGEMENT AND MINORITY STATUS 

2210
01:28:15,800 --> 01:28:17,840
AND REPUTATION BRINGING TOGETHER

2211
01:28:17,840 --> 01:28:18,520
INVESTIGATORS FROM DISCIPLINES 

2212
01:28:18,520 --> 01:28:25,320
AND AREAS TO ADDRESS SCIENTIFIC 

2213
01:28:25,320 --> 01:28:27,440
PROBLEMS MENTORING NEXT 

2214
01:28:27,440 --> 01:28:30,400
GENERATION OF PAIN SCIENTISTS 

2215
01:28:30,400 --> 01:28:33,120
AND WILL HAVE DR. CHRISTINE 

2216
01:28:33,120 --> 01:28:37,320
RITCHIE SPEAKING ON PAIN 

2217
01:28:37,320 --> 01:28:43,320
DISPARITIES DR. RITCHIE -- AND 

2218
01:28:43,320 --> 01:28:45,600
DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH FOR 

2219
01:28:45,600 --> 01:28:49,160
DIVISION OF PALLIATIVE CARE AND 

2220
01:28:49,160 --> 01:28:52,960
MEDICINE AT MASSACHUSETTS 

2221
01:28:52,960 --> 01:28:55,640
GENERAL HOSPITAL AND PALLIATIVE 

2222
01:28:55,640 --> 01:28:58,440
-- WHO CONDUCTS RESEARCH FOCUSED

2223
01:28:58,440 --> 01:29:00,360
ON OPTIMIZING QUALITY OF LIFE 

2224
01:29:00,360 --> 01:29:02,960
FOR THOSE WITH SERIOUS CHRONIC 

2225
01:29:02,960 --> 01:29:04,200
ILLNESSES AND DR. RITCHIE 

2226
01:29:04,200 --> 01:29:07,280
DIRECTS CENTER FOR AGING AND 

2227
01:29:07,280 --> 01:29:13,080
SERIOUS ILLNESS RESEARCH IN MGH 

2228
01:29:13,080 --> 01:29:15,040
[INDISCERNIBLE] INSTITUTE AND 

2229
01:29:15,040 --> 01:29:17,880
LEADS SEVERAL NIH FUNDED STUDIES

2230
01:29:17,880 --> 01:29:19,760
TO UNDERSTAND LIVED EXPERIENCE 

2231
01:29:19,760 --> 01:29:23,120
OF PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS TESTING 

2232
01:29:23,120 --> 01:29:25,200
STRATEGIES IMPROVING FUNCTIONAL 

2233
01:29:25,200 --> 01:29:28,000
LIFE QUALITY OUTCOMES IN ADULTS 

2234
01:29:28,000 --> 01:29:36,320
WITH CHRONIC PAIN.  DR. EDWARDS?

2235
01:29:36,320 --> 01:29:38,680
>>THANK YOU FOR HAVING US
AT 

2236
01:29:38,680 --> 01:29:41,240
THIS WONDERFUL CONSORTIUM AND 

2237
01:29:41,240 --> 01:29:43,560
NICE TO SEE SO MANY MADE IT 

2238
01:29:43,560 --> 01:29:45,480
THROUGH SECURITY THIS MORNING.  

2239
01:29:45,480 --> 01:29:46,680
CONGRATULATIONS.  I'M SURE THERE

2240
01:29:46,680 --> 01:29:48,760
IS A NUMBER ONLINE AS WELL AND 

2241
01:29:48,760 --> 01:29:51,400
I'M EXCITED TO TAKE THE 

2242
01:29:51,400 --> 01:29:54,320
OPPORTUNITY TO TALK TO EVERYONE 

2243
01:29:54,320 --> 01:29:58,120
TODAY ABOUT BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL 

2244
01:29:58,120 --> 01:30:00,000
CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAIN RESILIENCE

2245
01:30:00,000 --> 01:30:01,280
AND FACTORS AND INTERVENTIONS 

2246
01:30:01,280 --> 01:30:04,200
THAT MIGHT HELP TO AMELIORATE 

2247
01:30:04,200 --> 01:30:06,520
HEALTH DISPARITIES AND SUSPECT 

2248
01:30:06,520 --> 01:30:08,920
EVERYONE HERE IS FAMILIAR WITH 

2249
01:30:08,920 --> 01:30:10,440
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL OF PAIN 

2250
01:30:10,440 --> 01:30:16,320
WITH POSITIES THAT DOZENS AND 

2251
01:30:16,320 --> 01:30:18,000
HUNDREDS OF FACTORS SHAPE 

2252
01:30:18,000 --> 01:30:19,160
PEOPLE'S PAIN EXPERIENCES AND IF

2253
01:30:19,160 --> 01:30:22,040
WE WANT WE CAN BROADLY DEFINE 

2254
01:30:22,040 --> 01:30:27,440
FACTORS INTO RISK FACTORS THAT 

2255
01:30:27,440 --> 01:30:31,760
TEND TO SHAPE ADVERSE OUTCOMES 

2256
01:30:31,760 --> 01:30:35,480
OF PAIN TRAUMA DISTRESS 

2257
01:30:35,480 --> 01:30:36,640
CATASTROPHIZING AND SOCIAL 

2258
01:30:36,640 --> 01:30:38,320
SUPPORT ACCEPTANCE TALKING 

2259
01:30:38,320 --> 01:30:39,720
NICELY ABOUT LOTS OF FACTORS 

2260
01:30:39,720 --> 01:30:41,720
THAT IS IMPORTANT TO KEEP IN 

2261
01:30:41,720 --> 01:30:45,160
MIND THAT LITERALLY ALL OF THE 

2262
01:30:45,160 --> 01:30:47,480
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS ARE 

2263
01:30:47,480 --> 01:30:49,440
STRONGLY SHAPED BY RACE AND 

2264
01:30:49,440 --> 01:30:50,360
ETHNICITY AND WE HAVE KNOWN 

2265
01:30:50,360 --> 01:30:52,960
ABOUT THIS FOR A LONG TIME. 

2266
01:30:52,960 --> 01:30:55,600
STUDY OF THIS IN THE FIELD OF 

2267
01:30:55,600 --> 01:30:57,320
PAIN HAS REALLY TAKEN OFF IN THE

2268
01:30:57,320 --> 01:31:01,400
LAST 20 YEARS OR SO SINCE 2003 

2269
01:31:01,400 --> 01:31:02,920
WHEN KARMEN GREEN AND OTHERS 

2270
01:31:02,920 --> 01:31:06,840
PUBLISHED REVIEW PAPER ON 

2271
01:31:06,840 --> 01:31:08,160
UNEQUAL BURDEN OF PAIN 

2272
01:31:08,160 --> 01:31:09,960
DOCUMENTING FACT THAT RELATIVE 

2273
01:31:09,960 --> 01:31:12,000
TO WHITE AMERICANS AFRICAN 

2274
01:31:12,000 --> 01:31:13,760
AMERICANS REPORTED GREATER 

2275
01:31:13,760 --> 01:31:15,440
SEVERITY OF ACUTE POST-OP 

2276
01:31:15,440 --> 01:31:17,680
ITERATIVE PAIN AND MORE AND MORE

2277
01:31:17,680 --> 01:31:20,680
DISABLING CANCER PAIN AND WORSE 

2278
01:31:20,680 --> 01:31:22,360
EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC 

2279
01:31:22,360 --> 01:31:24,240
NONMALIGNANT PAIN AND 

2280
01:31:24,240 --> 01:31:25,160
ESSENTIALLY EVERY PAGE OUTCOME 

2281
01:31:25,160 --> 01:31:27,720
YOU CAN THINK OF WAS MEASURED AS

2282
01:31:27,720 --> 01:31:29,680
BEING WORSE IN AFRICAN AMERICAN 

2283
01:31:29,680 --> 01:31:31,280
RELATIVE TO WHITE PATIENTS IF IN

2284
01:31:31,280 --> 01:31:34,200
THE US AND SINCE THAT TIME WE 

2285
01:31:34,200 --> 01:31:36,000
HAD A NUMBER OF OTHER STUDIES 

2286
01:31:36,000 --> 01:31:38,560
AND REVIEWS IN MODELS THAT 

2287
01:31:38,560 --> 01:31:40,880
FOLLOWED UP ON THESE SORTS OF 

2288
01:31:40,880 --> 01:31:43,600
FINDINGS AND IN 2003 WAS 

2289
01:31:43,600 --> 01:31:45,720
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE REPORT 

2290
01:31:45,720 --> 01:31:49,040
THAT REALRY EMPHASIZED ROLE OF 

2291
01:31:49,040 --> 01:31:52,360
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN CREATING 

2292
01:31:52,360 --> 01:31:53,560
PERPETUATING AND MAINTAINING 

2293
01:31:53,560 --> 01:31:55,760
THESE SORTS OF DISPARITIES THAT 

2294
01:31:55,760 --> 01:31:57,800
RECOMMENDED WAY BACK IN 2003 WE 

2295
01:31:57,800 --> 01:32:00,000
SHOULD IMPLEMENT A MULTILEVEL 

2296
01:32:00,000 --> 01:32:03,800
STRATEGY AND INCLUDE THINGS LIKE

2297
01:32:03,800 --> 01:32:04,640
CROSS-CULTURAL CURRICULA 

2298
01:32:04,640 --> 01:32:05,920
INTEGRATED INTO MEDICAL 

2299
01:32:05,920 --> 01:32:07,600
EDUCATION CURRICULUM AND 

2300
01:32:07,600 --> 01:32:11,880
FINDINGS SINCE THEN ARE A REAL 

2301
01:32:11,880 --> 01:32:13,000
GLASS HALF FULL AND GLASS HALF 

2302
01:32:13,000 --> 01:32:15,320
EMPTY SORT OF DEAL DEPENDING ON 

2303
01:32:15,320 --> 01:32:16,640
YOUR PERSPECTIVE AND HAVE DONE A

2304
01:32:16,640 --> 01:32:18,440
REASONABLE JOB IMPROVING THINGS 

2305
01:32:18,440 --> 01:32:21,200
LIKE INCLUSION OF DISPARITIES 

2306
01:32:21,200 --> 01:32:23,720
CURRICULUM IN MEDICAL RESIDENCY 

2307
01:32:23,720 --> 01:32:25,800
PROGRAMS AND IMPROVED IT SO MUCH

2308
01:32:25,800 --> 01:32:28,840
GOING FROM 17 PROGRAMS IN 2012 

2309
01:32:28,840 --> 01:32:32,920
TO 40% CLOSE TO A DECADE LATER 

2310
01:32:32,920 --> 01:32:34,200
AND MORE THAN DOUBLING BUT IS 

2311
01:32:34,200 --> 01:32:36,840
LESS THAN HALF AND IS A COMMON 

2312
01:32:36,840 --> 01:32:40,200
THEME I SUSPECT ACROSS THE 

2313
01:32:40,200 --> 01:32:41,120
CONSORTIUM.  WE MADE PROGRESS 

2314
01:32:41,120 --> 01:32:43,920
BUT HAVE A WAYS TO GO.  BEFORE I

2315
01:32:43,920 --> 01:32:46,520
GO FURTHER, I WANT TO EMPHASIZE 

2316
01:32:46,520 --> 01:32:49,600
THESE DISPARITIES RACE AND 

2317
01:32:49,600 --> 01:32:52,320
ETHNICS IN PAIN ARE NOT UNIQUELY

2318
01:32:52,320 --> 01:32:53,240
AMERICAN PHENOMENON WE SEE THEM 

2319
01:32:53,240 --> 01:32:55,840
AROUND THE WORLD AND ARE STUDIES

2320
01:32:55,840 --> 01:32:58,600
FOR EXAMPLE IN HONG KONG THAT 

2321
01:32:58,600 --> 01:33:01,240
MAINLAND CHINESE STUDENTS SHOW 

2322
01:33:01,240 --> 01:33:03,480
GREATER PAIN SENSITIVITY 

2323
01:33:03,480 --> 01:33:04,960
RELATIVE TO HONG KONG STUDENTS 

2324
01:33:04,960 --> 01:33:07,040
WHEN DOING LABORATORY PAIN 

2325
01:33:07,040 --> 01:33:08,600
TESTING OF PAIN SENSITIVITY AND 

2326
01:33:08,600 --> 01:33:10,800
DOING THESE SORTS OF STUDIES 

2327
01:33:10,800 --> 01:33:12,960
ENGLAND YOU FIND INDIVIDUALS OF 

2328
01:33:12,960 --> 01:33:14,880
A SOUTH-ASIAN BACKGROUND HAVE 

2329
01:33:14,880 --> 01:33:17,240
HIGHER PAIN RATINGS AND ARE MORE

2330
01:33:17,240 --> 01:33:19,600
SENSITIVE TO PAIN THAN WHITE 

2331
01:33:19,600 --> 01:33:20,560
BRITISH PARTICIPANTS IN THESE 

2332
01:33:20,560 --> 01:33:22,240
STUDIES AND WHEN YOU DO THE SAME

2333
01:33:22,240 --> 01:33:25,520
TESTING IN INDIA, THERE IS IF NO

2334
01:33:25,520 --> 01:33:27,280
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDIAN 

2335
01:33:27,280 --> 01:33:28,960
STUDENTS AND EUROPEAN AMERICAN 

2336
01:33:28,960 --> 01:33:30,720
STUDENTS OR YOU MIGHT GET 

2337
01:33:30,720 --> 01:33:32,640
FINDINGS WHERE INDIAN STUDENTS 

2338
01:33:32,640 --> 01:33:34,160
SHOW GREATER TOLERANCE FOR PAIN 

2339
01:33:34,160 --> 01:33:36,280
AND LESS SENSITIVITY TO PAIN AND

2340
01:33:36,280 --> 01:33:42,280
IS A GLOBAL PHENOMENON.  WE ARE 

2341
01:33:42,280 --> 01:33:42,800
TALKING ABOUT NOT INNATE 

2342
01:33:42,800 --> 01:33:44,160
BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BUT SOME 

2343
01:33:44,160 --> 01:33:45,960
EFFECTS OF LIVING AS RACIAL AND 

2344
01:33:45,960 --> 01:33:48,520
ETHNIC MINORITY WITH MINORITIZED

2345
01:33:48,520 --> 01:33:49,720
STATUS IN PARTICULAR COMMUNITY 

2346
01:33:49,720 --> 01:33:51,840
FOR ANY LENGTH OF TIME AND SEE 

2347
01:33:51,840 --> 01:33:53,880
THIS IN THE US AND AROUND THE 

2348
01:33:53,880 --> 01:33:56,480
WORLD WE HAVE A NUMBER OF VERY 

2349
01:33:56,480 --> 01:34:00,960
WELL DONE REVIEWS PUBLISHED AND 

2350
01:34:00,960 --> 01:34:03,760
SAM WHO HAS A TERRIFIC POSTER ON

2351
01:34:03,760 --> 01:34:06,760
PAIN RELATED STIGMA PUBLISHED 

2352
01:34:06,760 --> 01:34:10,560
REVIEW OF EXPERIENCE OF PEOPLE 

2353
01:34:10,560 --> 01:34:12,800
FROM ETHNIC MINORITY BACKGROUNDS

2354
01:34:12,800 --> 01:34:14,600
LIVING WITH CHRONIC PAIN IN THE 

2355
01:34:14,600 --> 01:34:17,000
USA AND REFERENCE THE PATHWAYS 

2356
01:34:17,000 --> 01:34:18,080
FROM BIOLOGICAL TO SOCIAL 

2357
01:34:18,080 --> 01:34:20,000
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH TO 

2358
01:34:20,000 --> 01:34:21,720
PSYCHOLOGICAL THAT CONTRIBUTE 

2359
01:34:21,720 --> 01:34:24,320
PROBABLY TO THESE DISPARITIES 

2360
01:34:24,320 --> 01:34:28,240
LAND TOUCH ON A FEW BRIEFLY AND 

2361
01:34:28,240 --> 01:34:30,160
MANY AT THE PROVIDER LEVEL WILL 

2362
01:34:30,160 --> 01:34:32,880
SEE 2016 STUDY FROM TONY HOFFMAN

2363
01:34:32,880 --> 01:34:35,960
THAT IS A SURVEY OF MEDICAL 

2364
01:34:35,960 --> 01:34:37,560
STUDENTS RESIDENTS AND OTHERS 

2365
01:34:37,560 --> 01:34:39,360
EVALUATING DEGREE TO WHICH 

2366
01:34:39,360 --> 01:34:40,920
PEOPLE ENDORSE FALSE BELIEFS 

2367
01:34:40,920 --> 01:34:42,800
ABOUT BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES 

2368
01:34:42,800 --> 01:34:44,040
BETWEEN BLACKS AND WHITES AND 

2369
01:34:44,040 --> 01:34:46,160
WHAT YOU CAN SEE FROM DATA THERE

2370
01:34:46,160 --> 01:34:48,400
AND THAT MEDICAL STUDENTS AND 

2371
01:34:48,400 --> 01:34:50,200
RESIDENTS TO A DISTURBING DEGREE

2372
01:34:50,200 --> 01:34:53,040
ARE PERCENTAGES YOU SEE IN A 

2373
01:34:53,040 --> 01:34:54,680
HIGHLIGHTED ROW ENDORSE BELIEFS 

2374
01:34:54,680 --> 01:34:57,240
THAT BLACK SKIN IS THICKER THAN 

2375
01:34:57,240 --> 01:34:58,680
WHITES AND MORE TROUBLINGLY WHEN

2376
01:34:58,680 --> 01:35:01,040
YOU FOLLOW UP WITH HYPOTHETICAL 

2377
01:35:01,040 --> 01:35:03,720
TREATMENT SCENARIOS BLACK 

2378
01:35:03,720 --> 01:35:05,720
PAISHIENTS ARE LESS LIKELY TO 

2379
01:35:05,720 --> 01:35:06,960
GET PROPER TREATMENT IN CONTEXT 

2380
01:35:06,960 --> 01:35:11,040
OF HIGHER LEVELS IN PROVIDERS'S 

2381
01:35:11,040 --> 01:35:13,640
FALSE BELIEFS AND VIGNETTE OF 

2382
01:35:13,640 --> 01:35:14,560
HYPOTHETICAL STUDIES AND SEE 

2383
01:35:14,560 --> 01:35:17,360
SAME THINGS LOOKING AT ACTUAL 

2384
01:35:17,360 --> 01:35:18,640
PROVISION OF CHRONIC PAIN 

2385
01:35:18,640 --> 01:35:20,080
TREATMENT HERE IN THE US AND 

2386
01:35:20,080 --> 01:35:22,640
THINGS LIKE RATES OF OPIOID 

2387
01:35:22,640 --> 01:35:24,560
PRESCRIPTIONS ARE LOWER FOR 

2388
01:35:24,560 --> 01:35:26,640
HISPANIC AND LEET TEENO SAMPLES 

2389
01:35:26,640 --> 01:35:28,520
RELATIVE TO WHITE BLACK OR 

2390
01:35:28,520 --> 01:35:30,480
AFRICAN AMERICAN SAMPLES 

2391
01:35:30,480 --> 01:35:32,480
RELATIVE TO WHITE AND THINGS 

2392
01:35:32,480 --> 01:35:35,040
LIKE SPINE SURGERY FOR CHRONIC 

2393
01:35:35,040 --> 01:35:36,920
PAIN OCCUR AT SUBSTANTIALLY 

2394
01:35:36,920 --> 01:35:40,320
LOWER RATES HALF THE RATES 

2395
01:35:40,320 --> 01:35:41,160
SYSTEMATIC METAANALYSIS IN BLACK

2396
01:35:41,160 --> 01:35:48,760
AMERICANS RELATIVE TO WHITE 

2397
01:35:48,760 --> 01:35:51,520
AMERICANS AND SOME MAY HAVE SEEN

2398
01:35:51,520 --> 01:35:53,360
RECENT STUDIES AND REPORTS ON 

2399
01:35:53,360 --> 01:35:56,160
BIAS INHERENT IN RACE-BASED 

2400
01:35:56,160 --> 01:35:57,360
ALGORITHMS USING THROUGHOUT 

2401
01:35:57,360 --> 01:35:59,280
MEDICINE AND REPORTS ARE NOT SO 

2402
01:35:59,280 --> 01:36:01,080
MUCH FROM PAIN AND IN MANAGEMENT

2403
01:36:01,080 --> 01:36:04,560
OF THINGS LIKE KIDNEY DISEASE 

2404
01:36:04,560 --> 01:36:06,600
AND PULL MONDAYOLOGY AND APPEARS

2405
01:36:06,600 --> 01:36:08,960
TO BE RACIAL AND ETHNIC BIAS 

2406
01:36:08,960 --> 01:36:11,120
CREEPING INTO ALGORITHMS THAT 

2407
01:36:11,120 --> 01:36:13,760
RESULTED IN SUBOPTIMAL CARE FOR 

2408
01:36:13,760 --> 01:36:15,480
INDIVIDUALS FROM ETHNIC MINE 

2409
01:36:15,480 --> 01:36:17,920
ORITY BACKGROUNDS AND NEED TO 

2410
01:36:17,920 --> 01:36:20,280
EMPHASIZE THAT LOTS OF THE RACE 

2411
01:36:20,280 --> 01:36:24,800
AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES SEEM TO 

2412
01:36:24,800 --> 01:36:26,920
PERSIST ACROSS MORE OR LESS ANY 

2413
01:36:26,920 --> 01:36:27,840
SETTING THAT WE STUDY THEM AND 

2414
01:36:27,840 --> 01:36:31,280
ARE WORKING ON FASCINATING DATA 

2415
01:36:31,280 --> 01:36:34,640
FROM FOOTBALL PLAYER'S AND LARGE

2416
01:36:34,640 --> 01:36:37,640
NUMBER OF PLAYERS IN NFL AND ARE

2417
01:36:37,640 --> 01:36:39,560
NOW RETIRED AND FASCINATING 

2418
01:36:39,560 --> 01:36:41,480
SAMPLE TO STUDY RACIAL AND 

2419
01:36:41,480 --> 01:36:42,480
ETHNIC DIFFERENCES FOR VARIETY 

2420
01:36:42,480 --> 01:36:44,920
OF REASONS AND IS A LARGE SAMPLE

2421
01:36:44,920 --> 01:36:47,120
ABOUT 4,000 RESPONDENTS HERE.  

2422
01:36:47,120 --> 01:36:49,160
YOU MIGHT BE ABLE TO SEE FROM 

2423
01:36:49,160 --> 01:36:52,120
YELLOW HIGHLIGHTED ROWS THAT 

2424
01:36:52,120 --> 01:36:54,600
BLACK RELATIVE TO WHITE FORMER 

2425
01:36:54,600 --> 01:36:56,080
PLAYERS REPORT A GREATER 

2426
01:36:56,080 --> 01:36:57,640
INTENSITY OF PAIN AND GREATER 

2427
01:36:57,640 --> 01:37:01,000
PAIN INTERFERENCE IF IN THE 

2428
01:37:01,000 --> 01:37:04,960
SAMPLE OF RETIRED FOOTBALL 

2429
01:37:04,960 --> 01:37:07,440
PLAYERS AND MEASURE RISK AND 

2430
01:37:07,440 --> 01:37:08,320
RESILIENCE FACTORS DEPRESSION 

2431
01:37:08,320 --> 01:37:10,440
AND ANXIETY AND SOCIAL SUPPORT 

2432
01:37:10,440 --> 01:37:12,920
AND SEE IN PINK HIGHLIGHTED ROWS

2433
01:37:12,920 --> 01:37:18,680
THAT ESSENTIALLY ALL FACTORS ARE

2434
01:37:18,680 --> 01:37:21,680
IN A WAY THAT THEY SHOW BLACK 

2435
01:37:21,680 --> 01:37:24,960
FORMER PLAYERS REPORT LESS 

2436
01:37:24,960 --> 01:37:26,960
SCORES AND LESS SOCIAL SUPPORT 

2437
01:37:26,960 --> 01:37:28,400
RELATIVE TO WHITE FORMER PLAYERS

2438
01:37:28,400 --> 01:37:31,160
EVEN IN SAMPLE THAT IS LET'S SAY

2439
01:37:31,160 --> 01:37:32,920
CONSIDERABLY ADVANTAGED RELATIVE

2440
01:37:32,920 --> 01:37:34,600
TO OVERALL US POPULATION. 

2441
01:37:34,600 --> 01:37:36,920
WHAT WE CONTROL FOR ALL OF THE 

2442
01:37:36,920 --> 01:37:39,840
RISK FACTORS AND RESILIENCE 

2443
01:37:39,840 --> 01:37:41,000
FACTORS AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS 

2444
01:37:41,000 --> 01:37:43,440
OF HEALTH FACTORS IN THE SAMPLE 

2445
01:37:43,440 --> 01:37:45,800
WE FIND RACE DIFFERENCES PERSIST

2446
01:37:45,800 --> 01:37:47,080
AND AFRICAN AMERICAN FORMER 

2447
01:37:47,080 --> 01:37:48,480
PLAYERS CONTINUE TO REPORT 

2448
01:37:48,480 --> 01:37:50,760
HIGHER PAIN INTENSITY AND MORE 

2449
01:37:50,760 --> 01:37:52,240
PAIN INTERFERENCE THAT IS 

2450
01:37:52,240 --> 01:37:53,520
RELATIVE TO WHITE FORMER 

2451
01:37:53,520 --> 01:37:54,280
PLAYERS. 

2452
01:37:54,280 --> 01:37:56,920
SO, PRESUMABLY IF WE MEASURED 

2453
01:37:56,920 --> 01:37:58,720
EVERY POTENTIALLY IMPORTANT 

2454
01:37:58,720 --> 01:38:00,760
FACTOR THAT IS CONTRIBUTING TO 

2455
01:38:00,760 --> 01:38:02,680
RACE AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES THAT

2456
01:38:02,680 --> 01:38:04,600
WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO DO AND IF

2457
01:38:04,600 --> 01:38:07,400
WE DID IT, WE WOULD BE ABLE TO 

2458
01:38:07,400 --> 01:38:09,200
FULLY EXPLAIN ALL 

2459
01:38:09,200 --> 01:38:10,920
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES THAT 

2460
01:38:10,920 --> 01:38:13,640
CONTRIBUTE TO THESE EFFECTS.  

2461
01:38:13,640 --> 01:38:15,840
ONE VARIABLE WE NEED TO MEASURE 

2462
01:38:15,840 --> 01:38:19,080
WOULD SURELY BE PAIN-RELATED CAT

2463
01:38:19,080 --> 01:38:21,480
ASS TROE FIEZING NEGATIVE 

2464
01:38:21,480 --> 01:38:23,520
COGNITIVE EMOTIONAL RESPONSES TO

2465
01:38:23,520 --> 01:38:26,160
PAIN THAT AFTON TALKED ABOUT 

2466
01:38:26,160 --> 01:38:28,560
EARLIER AND MEASURE 

2467
01:38:28,560 --> 01:38:29,960
CATASTROPHIZING WITH INDIVIDUAL 

2468
01:38:29,960 --> 01:38:31,760
SELF-REPORT ON PAIN 

2469
01:38:31,760 --> 01:38:32,760
CATASTROPHIZING SCALE AND THEY 

2470
01:38:32,760 --> 01:38:34,840
RESPOND TO ITEMS EXAMPLES YOU 

2471
01:38:34,840 --> 01:38:36,520
SEE HERE THAT MEASURE THINGS 

2472
01:38:36,520 --> 01:38:45,600
LIKE DEGREE TO WHICH THEY FEE 

2473
01:38:45,600 --> 01:38:45,920
M 

2474
01:38:45,920 --> 01:38:48,080
-- FEEL HELPLESS AND TYPICAL FOR

2475
01:38:48,080 --> 01:38:50,840
THIS TALK IS A DOZEN STUDIES 

2476
01:38:50,840 --> 01:38:52,920
THAT SUGGEST CATASTROPHIZING TO 

2477
01:38:52,920 --> 01:38:55,400
SOME DEGREE MEDIATING 

2478
01:38:55,400 --> 01:38:57,680
DIFFERENCES IN PAIN-RELATED 

2479
01:38:57,680 --> 01:38:59,760
OUTCOMES ELLEN TERRY HAS DONE 

2480
01:38:59,760 --> 01:39:02,280
WORK WITH THIS AND PATIENTS WITH

2481
01:39:02,280 --> 01:39:04,320
ARTHRITIS AND MEDIATION MODELS 

2482
01:39:04,320 --> 01:39:06,080
ARE THERE AND RACE GROUP 

2483
01:39:06,080 --> 01:39:07,720
DIFFERENCES IN PAIN INTENSITY 

2484
01:39:07,720 --> 01:39:09,880
AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION FOR OA 

2485
01:39:09,880 --> 01:39:11,760
PATIENTS THAT DIFFER IN 

2486
01:39:11,760 --> 01:39:13,000
CATASTROPHIZING AND MEDIATIONAL 

2487
01:39:13,000 --> 01:39:15,720
EFFECT THERE IS SUCH THAT ETHNIC

2488
01:39:15,720 --> 01:39:18,000
GROUP DIFFERENCE IN 

2489
01:39:18,000 --> 01:39:19,640
CATASTROPHIZING STATISTICALLY 

2490
01:39:19,640 --> 01:39:21,400
EXPLAINS OR CONTRIBUTES TO GROUP

2491
01:39:21,400 --> 01:39:24,520
DIFFERENCES IN PAIN AND PHYSICAL

2492
01:39:24,520 --> 01:39:27,280
FUNCTION SAM'S SHOWS SOMETHING 

2493
01:39:27,280 --> 01:39:29,080
SIMILAR WITH EXPERIMENTAL 

2494
01:39:29,080 --> 01:39:31,320
TESTING AND DOING STUDIES 

2495
01:39:31,320 --> 01:39:35,160
SPECIFICALLY IN GROUPS OF 

2496
01:39:35,160 --> 01:39:35,800
AFRICAN AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS 

2497
01:39:35,800 --> 01:39:37,520
AND GROUP DIFFERENCE PART OF 

2498
01:39:37,520 --> 01:39:41,360
THIS YOU FIND CATASTROPHIZING IS

2499
01:39:41,360 --> 01:39:43,680
CONTRIBUTOR TO PAIN OUTCOMES IN 

2500
01:39:43,680 --> 01:39:47,400
GROUP CATASTROPHIZING MEDIATED 

2501
01:39:47,400 --> 01:39:48,720
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARLIER LIFE

2502
01:39:48,720 --> 01:39:51,480
ADVERSITY AND DISCRIMINATION IN 

2503
01:39:51,480 --> 01:39:54,440
PAIN-RELATED OUTCOMES ENTIRELY 

2504
01:39:54,440 --> 01:39:56,640
AFRICAN AMERICAN SAMPLE AND 

2505
01:39:56,640 --> 01:39:58,800
CATASTROPHIZING IS PRESUMABLY 

2506
01:39:58,800 --> 01:40:02,080
IMPORTANT FACTOR MEASURING AS 

2507
01:40:02,080 --> 01:40:04,280
PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLE VIA 

2508
01:40:04,280 --> 01:40:08,520
PARTICIPANT SELF-TLOORT IS A 

2509
01:40:08,520 --> 01:40:09,120
CONVENIENCE-BASED MEASUREMENT 

2510
01:40:09,120 --> 01:40:10,400
ARTIFACT AND REASONABLE QUESTION

2511
01:40:10,400 --> 01:40:12,760
FOR CATASTROPHIZING AND 

2512
01:40:12,760 --> 01:40:15,120
PSYCHOSOCIAL CONTRIBUTORS TO 

2513
01:40:15,120 --> 01:40:16,360
THESE DISPARITIES, CAN WE 

2514
01:40:16,360 --> 01:40:18,560
EVALUATE WHAT IS GOING ON IN THE

2515
01:40:18,560 --> 01:40:20,960
NERVOUS SYSTEM AND FIND 

2516
01:40:20,960 --> 01:40:23,800
BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH 

2517
01:40:23,800 --> 01:40:25,680
IMPORTANT FACTORS AND GREAT DEAL

2518
01:40:25,680 --> 01:40:27,280
OF EVIDENCE IT IS IMPORTANT TO 

2519
01:40:27,280 --> 01:40:29,440
STUDY EVALUATE AND USE 

2520
01:40:29,440 --> 01:40:31,520
BIOMARKERS IN TRIALS SEEMING TO 

2521
01:40:31,520 --> 01:40:33,080
ENHANCE SUCCESS OF THERAPEUTICS 

2522
01:40:33,080 --> 01:40:35,880
AS THEY PROGRESS THROUGH THE 

2523
01:40:35,880 --> 01:40:37,080
VARIOUS PHASES OF CLINICAL 

2524
01:40:37,080 --> 01:40:39,040
TRIALS AND OUR GROUP HAS BEEN 

2525
01:40:39,040 --> 01:40:41,760
WORKING FOR LAST FIVE OR SIX 

2526
01:40:41,760 --> 01:40:44,960
YEARS OR SO AND ON IDENTIFYING 

2527
01:40:44,960 --> 01:40:47,280
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS 

2528
01:40:47,280 --> 01:40:49,880
MECHANISMS OF CATASTROPHIZING 

2529
01:40:49,880 --> 01:40:52,720
USING MRI AND CENTRAL 

2530
01:40:52,720 --> 01:40:54,720
NEUROIMAGING TECHNIQUES AND WE 

2531
01:40:54,720 --> 01:40:56,480
ARE MEASURING THINGS LIKE 

2532
01:40:56,480 --> 01:40:57,800
FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN 

2533
01:40:57,800 --> 01:41:00,120
DIFFERENT NEURAL SYSTEMS AND WE 

2534
01:41:00,120 --> 01:41:01,920
HAVE SYSTEMS OR BRAIN NETWORKS 

2535
01:41:01,920 --> 01:41:05,600
ANDSOME ATTOMOTOR NET WORK THAT 

2536
01:41:05,600 --> 01:41:08,080
IS LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR 

2537
01:41:08,080 --> 01:41:10,360
PERKRENGS OF VARIOUS SENSATIONS 

2538
01:41:10,360 --> 01:41:14,080
AND ORGANIZING MOVEMENT-BASED 

2539
01:41:14,080 --> 01:41:16,320
RESPONSES TO SENSATIONS AND 

2540
01:41:16,320 --> 01:41:18,000
SALIENCE NETWORK RESPONSIBLE FOR

2541
01:41:18,000 --> 01:41:20,360
DETECTING THREAT AND DEFAULT 

2542
01:41:20,360 --> 01:41:21,840
NETWORK THAW HAVE HEARD ABOUT 

2543
01:41:21,840 --> 01:41:23,560
THAT I WILL TALK ABOUT IS 

2544
01:41:23,560 --> 01:41:25,680
RESPONSIBLE FOR THINGS LIKE 

2545
01:41:25,680 --> 01:41:27,320
SELF-REFLECTION OR 

2546
01:41:27,320 --> 01:41:27,720
SELF-CONCEPTION. 

2547
01:41:27,720 --> 01:41:30,400
NORMALLY, ALL THESE NETWORKS ARE

2548
01:41:30,400 --> 01:41:32,640
QUITE SEPARATE FROM ONE ANOTHER 

2549
01:41:32,640 --> 01:41:34,560
AND SERVE SEPARATE FUNCTIONS AND

2550
01:41:34,560 --> 01:41:36,440
DO THEIR OWN THING LAND SEE IN 

2551
01:41:36,440 --> 01:41:38,960
CONTEXT OF CHRONIC PAIN THAT 

2552
01:41:38,960 --> 01:41:40,800
NETWORKS TO SOME DEGREE CAN 

2553
01:41:40,800 --> 01:41:44,440
BECOME ENMESHED OR MALADAPTIVELY

2554
01:41:44,440 --> 01:41:47,160
INTERRELATED THAT I WILL WIND UP

2555
01:41:47,160 --> 01:41:51,280
FOCUSING ON DEFAULT MODE NETWORK

2556
01:41:51,280 --> 01:41:52,120
AND YOU SEE VISUAL 

2557
01:41:52,120 --> 01:41:52,880
REPRESENTATIONS HERE TASK 

2558
01:41:52,880 --> 01:41:54,840
DEFAULT NETWORK THAT IS 

2559
01:41:54,840 --> 01:41:58,560
DEACTIVATED WHEN DOING ACTIVE 

2560
01:41:58,560 --> 01:42:00,400
TASKS LIKE SOLVING A MATH 

2561
01:42:00,400 --> 01:42:01,680
PROBLEM OR PLAYING TENNIS OR 

2562
01:42:01,680 --> 01:42:04,920
WHATEVER IT MIGHT BE IS 

2563
01:42:04,920 --> 01:42:07,920
ACTIVATED ENGAGING IN 

2564
01:42:07,920 --> 01:42:09,960
SELF-COGNITION AND 

2565
01:42:09,960 --> 01:42:11,400
AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORIES 

2566
01:42:11,400 --> 01:42:12,800
SITTING IN AUDIENCE NOW 

2567
01:42:12,800 --> 01:42:14,000
DAYDREAMING ABOUT FUTURE AND 

2568
01:42:14,000 --> 01:42:15,920
WHAT LIFE WOULD BE LIKE DOWN THE

2569
01:42:15,920 --> 01:42:18,320
ROAD IS DEFAULT NETWORK AT WORK.

2570
01:42:18,320 --> 01:42:19,720
ONE THING WE HAVE BEEN 

2571
01:42:19,720 --> 01:42:21,520
INTERESTED IN IS FIGURING OUT 

2572
01:42:21,520 --> 01:42:24,120
TASKS WE CAN DESIGN THAT CAN BE 

2573
01:42:24,120 --> 01:42:25,560
DEPLOYED IN THE SCANNER THAT 

2574
01:42:25,560 --> 01:42:28,520
EVALUATE SOME OF THE NEURAL 

2575
01:42:28,520 --> 01:42:31,480
UNDERPINNINGS OF CATASTROPHIZING

2576
01:42:31,480 --> 01:42:31,800
COGNITIONS. 

2577
01:42:31,800 --> 01:42:33,600
WHAT WE DO IS BRING PEOPLE INTO 

2578
01:42:33,600 --> 01:42:35,320
THE SCANNER AND EXPOSE THEM TO 

2579
01:42:35,320 --> 01:42:36,400
DIFFERENT KINDS OF STATEMENTS 

2580
01:42:36,400 --> 01:42:38,560
AND CATASTROPHIZING STATEMENTS 

2581
01:42:38,560 --> 01:42:40,280
AND I HAVE BECOME AFRAID THAT 

2582
01:42:40,280 --> 01:42:42,080
PAIN WILL GET WORSE AND 

2583
01:42:42,080 --> 01:42:44,920
ANXIOUSLY WANT PAIN TO GO AWAY 

2584
01:42:44,920 --> 01:42:48,000
OR NEUTRAL STATEMENTS MATCHED ON

2585
01:42:48,000 --> 01:42:49,680
VARIETY OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE 

2586
01:42:49,680 --> 01:42:51,400
VARIABLES AND PEOPLE REFLECT ON 

2587
01:42:51,400 --> 01:42:53,320
AND ENGAGE WITH STATEMENTS USING

2588
01:42:53,320 --> 01:42:55,720
FUNCTIONAL MRI TO DETERMINE WHAT

2589
01:42:55,720 --> 01:42:58,400
BRAIN CORRELATES OF ENGAGING IN 

2590
01:42:58,400 --> 01:42:59,240
CATASTROPHIZING ARE. 

2591
01:42:59,240 --> 01:43:00,360
AND WHAT YOU CAN PROBABLY SEE 

2592
01:43:00,360 --> 01:43:02,440
HERE IS THAT IN THE SCANNER WHEN

2593
01:43:02,440 --> 01:43:03,960
PEOPLE ARE CATASTROPHIZING 

2594
01:43:03,960 --> 01:43:06,840
RELATIVE TO ENGAGING WITH 

2595
01:43:06,840 --> 01:43:07,680
NEUTRAL STATEMENTS, HEARTRATE 

2596
01:43:07,680 --> 01:43:09,480
GOES UP AND THEY HAVE 

2597
01:43:09,480 --> 01:43:11,400
ACTIVATIONS IN NUMBER OF AREAS, 

2598
01:43:11,400 --> 01:43:13,280
MOST OF WHICH CORRESPOND TO 

2599
01:43:13,280 --> 01:43:15,280
DEFAULT MODE NETWORK AREAS AND 

2600
01:43:15,280 --> 01:43:16,640
ONE PRIMARY ONE I WILL TALK MORE

2601
01:43:16,640 --> 01:43:22,680
ABOUT IS PCC OR POSTERIOR 

2602
01:43:22,680 --> 01:43:24,440
SINGULARATE CORTEX KEY HUB OR 

2603
01:43:24,440 --> 01:43:26,880
NODE IN DEFAULT NETWORK AND WE 

2604
01:43:26,880 --> 01:43:28,000
FIND GOING ON TO DO FURTHER 

2605
01:43:28,000 --> 01:43:30,200
STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC

2606
01:43:30,200 --> 01:43:32,600
PAIN ARE FINDINGS OF SIZABLE 

2607
01:43:32,600 --> 01:43:36,360
SAMPLE OF PATIENTS WITH 

2608
01:43:36,360 --> 01:43:37,800
FIBROMYALGIA AND WHAT HAPPENS 

2609
01:43:37,800 --> 01:43:39,680
WHEN PEOPLE CATASTROPHIZE IS IT 

2610
01:43:39,680 --> 01:43:43,680
SEEMS TO ACTIVATE DEFAULT MODE 

2611
01:43:43,680 --> 01:43:46,200
NETWORK REGIONS THAT THEN 

2612
01:43:46,200 --> 01:43:48,400
RESULTS IN FUNCTIONAL 

2613
01:43:48,400 --> 01:43:49,080
INTERCONNECTIVITY BETWEEN 

2614
01:43:49,080 --> 01:43:50,640
DEFAULT MODE NETWORK AND 

2615
01:43:50,640 --> 01:43:52,720
NETWORKS LIKE IN THIS CASE 

2616
01:43:52,720 --> 01:43:54,080
SALIENCE NETWORK AND DEGREE TO 

2617
01:43:54,080 --> 01:43:56,080
WHICH THAT HAPPENS AND DEGREE TO

2618
01:43:56,080 --> 01:43:58,040
WHICH DEFAULT MODE NETWORK 

2619
01:43:58,040 --> 01:43:59,600
CONNECTS WITH SALIENCE NETWORK 

2620
01:43:59,600 --> 01:44:01,600
THAT IS HIGHLY PREDICTIVE OF ALL

2621
01:44:01,600 --> 01:44:04,040
SORTS OF THINGS LIKE PAIN 

2622
01:44:04,040 --> 01:44:05,560
SENSITIVITY AND DOING 

2623
01:44:05,560 --> 01:44:06,560
EXPERIMENTAL PAIN TESTING AND IN

2624
01:44:06,560 --> 01:44:10,080
THIS CASE, DEGREE OF WIDESPREAD 

2625
01:44:10,080 --> 01:44:12,680
PAIN THAT FIBROMYALGIA PATIENTS 

2626
01:44:12,680 --> 01:44:14,600
EXPERIENCE AND YOU CAN SEE IN 

2627
01:44:14,600 --> 01:44:16,480
THE SCATTER PLOT FOR 

2628
01:44:16,480 --> 01:44:18,440
FIBROMYALGIA PATIENTS HIGHER 

2629
01:44:18,440 --> 01:44:20,640
LEVEL OF PAIN CATASTROPHIZING 

2630
01:44:20,640 --> 01:44:22,040
GREATER LEVEL OF CONNECTIVITY 

2631
01:44:22,040 --> 01:44:23,640
BETWEEN NETWORKS THAT 

2632
01:44:23,640 --> 01:44:25,520
CONNECTIVITY MEDIATES 

2633
01:44:25,520 --> 01:44:28,040
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PAIN 

2634
01:44:28,040 --> 01:44:28,920
CATASTROPHIZING AND HOW 

2635
01:44:28,920 --> 01:44:30,800
WIDESPREAD THEIR PAIN IS. 

2636
01:44:30,800 --> 01:44:32,920
THIS IS ESPECIALLY RELEVANT HERE

2637
01:44:32,920 --> 01:44:35,680
AND I WILL BRING US BACK TO RACE

2638
01:44:35,680 --> 01:44:36,720
AND DIFFERENT ETHNIC DIFFERENCES

2639
01:44:36,720 --> 01:44:39,360
AND ARE NOW FASCINATING STUDIES 

2640
01:44:39,360 --> 01:44:42,920
THAT ALSO USE SIMILAR BRAIN 

2641
01:44:42,920 --> 01:44:43,720
IMAGING METHODS THAT SUGGEST 

2642
01:44:43,720 --> 01:44:45,640
THAT DEFAULT MODE NETWORK 

2643
01:44:45,640 --> 01:44:48,960
REGIONS SEEM TO PLAY A ROLE IN 

2644
01:44:48,960 --> 01:44:50,640
SHAPING RACIAL AND ETHNIC 

2645
01:44:50,640 --> 01:44:52,840
RESPONSES TO PAIN AS WELL AND 

2646
01:44:52,840 --> 01:44:56,000
STUDY FROM ELIZABETH ANDTORY'S 

2647
01:44:56,000 --> 01:44:59,920
LAB ON NEUROSOCIOCULTURAL 

2648
01:44:59,920 --> 01:45:01,240
MEDIATORS IN ETHNIC DIFFERENCES 

2649
01:45:01,240 --> 01:45:03,080
OF PAIN AND BRING PEOPLE INTO 

2650
01:45:03,080 --> 01:45:05,320
THE LAB AND STANDARDIZED PAIN 

2651
01:45:05,320 --> 01:45:07,040
STIMULI AND SEE FROM FIGURES 

2652
01:45:07,040 --> 01:45:09,560
THERE THAT AFRICAN AMERICAN 

2653
01:45:09,560 --> 01:45:11,240
PARTICIPANTS ARE MORE PAIN 

2654
01:45:11,240 --> 01:45:12,560
SENSITIVE AND HAVE HIGHER 

2655
01:45:12,560 --> 01:45:15,360
RATINGS OF PAIN STIMULI AND 

2656
01:45:15,360 --> 01:45:17,160
THOSE RATINGS ARE INFLUENCED BY 

2657
01:45:17,160 --> 01:45:18,760
PEOPLE'S REPORTING OF 

2658
01:45:18,760 --> 01:45:19,360
DISCRIMINATION AND STICKING 

2659
01:45:19,360 --> 01:45:21,440
PEOPLE IN THE SCANNER, THERE ARE

2660
01:45:21,440 --> 01:45:23,840
CERTAIN BRAIN REGIONS THAT 

2661
01:45:23,840 --> 01:45:26,440
AFRICAN AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS 

2662
01:45:26,440 --> 01:45:29,280
SEEM RESPONSIVE TO PAIN HEAT 

2663
01:45:29,280 --> 01:45:30,160
STIMULI THAN COUNTERPARTS THAT 

2664
01:45:30,160 --> 01:45:35,240
ARE GENERALLY IN DEFAULT AREAS 

2665
01:45:35,240 --> 01:45:37,760
IN MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX THAT

2666
01:45:37,760 --> 01:45:41,320
INTERCONNECT WITH POSTERIOR 

2667
01:45:41,320 --> 01:45:43,880
CORTEX THAT IS DEFAULT HUB I 

2668
01:45:43,880 --> 01:45:45,960
SHOWED IN CATASTROPHIZING 

2669
01:45:45,960 --> 01:45:48,920
ACTIVATION SLIDES THAT IS A SORT

2670
01:45:48,920 --> 01:45:51,960
OF NEUROBIOLOGICAL UNDERPINNING 

2671
01:45:51,960 --> 01:45:55,720
OF PAIN RELATED CATASTROPHIZING 

2672
01:45:55,720 --> 01:45:58,760
THAT SEEMS TO CONTRIBUTE TO 

2673
01:45:58,760 --> 01:46:00,920
PHENOMENON OF PAIN AND 

2674
01:46:00,920 --> 01:46:01,800
RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN 

2675
01:46:01,800 --> 01:46:03,760
PAIN EXPERIENCE AND WANT TO 

2676
01:46:03,760 --> 01:46:05,120
EMPHASIZE THAT EVEN THOUGH WE 

2677
01:46:05,120 --> 01:46:06,880
TEND TO PUT DIFFERENT 

2678
01:46:06,880 --> 01:46:10,080
INFLUENTIAL FACTORS INTO VARIOUS

2679
01:46:10,080 --> 01:46:12,000
BUCKETS WHETHER SOCIOLOGICAL AND

2680
01:46:12,000 --> 01:46:14,120
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL AND

2681
01:46:14,120 --> 01:46:16,600
NEUROLOGICAL AND ALL OF THESE 

2682
01:46:16,600 --> 01:46:18,640
THINGS ARE STRONGLY INNER 

2683
01:46:18,640 --> 01:46:20,080
RELATED AND QUESTION IS AT WHAT 

2684
01:46:20,080 --> 01:46:21,560
LEVEL ARE WE MEASURING THIS 

2685
01:46:21,560 --> 01:46:23,760
PARTICULAR FACTOR?  

2686
01:46:23,760 --> 01:46:26,000
MEASURE CATASTROPHIZING WE 

2687
01:46:26,000 --> 01:46:27,960
MEASURE WITH SELF-REPORT THAT IS

2688
01:46:27,960 --> 01:46:30,920
A BEHAVIORAL PROCESS AND 

2689
01:46:30,920 --> 01:46:32,040
NEUROBIOLOGICAL PROCESS THAT 

2690
01:46:32,040 --> 01:46:34,040
SEEMS TO BE TRUE FOR ALL THESE 

2691
01:46:34,040 --> 01:46:35,960
INFLUENTIAL FACTORS THAT WE ARE 

2692
01:46:35,960 --> 01:46:36,560
MEASURING. 

2693
01:46:36,560 --> 01:46:39,560
OKAY.  SO, NOW IN THE LAST SIX 

2694
01:46:39,560 --> 01:46:43,040
OR 7 MINUTES OR SO, I GET TO GET

2695
01:46:43,040 --> 01:46:44,360
TO ENCOURAGING PART OF THIS TALK

2696
01:46:44,360 --> 01:46:47,720
THAT IS ALWAYS A NICE THING AND 

2697
01:46:47,720 --> 01:46:48,960
TALK ABOUT SOME INTERVENTIONS 

2698
01:46:48,960 --> 01:46:53,280
AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING 

2699
01:46:53,280 --> 01:46:54,960
RESILIENCE-RELATED FACTORS AND 

2700
01:46:54,960 --> 01:46:56,680
INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE SORTS OF

2701
01:46:56,680 --> 01:47:00,600
PAIN RELATED DISPARITIES. 

2702
01:47:00,600 --> 01:47:03,280
AFTON NICELY MENTIONED COGNITIVE

2703
01:47:03,280 --> 01:47:04,440
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY THAT IS 

2704
01:47:04,440 --> 01:47:06,720
STRONGLY EMPIRICALLY SUPPORTED 

2705
01:47:06,720 --> 01:47:08,440
INTERVENTION FOR ALL SORTS OF 

2706
01:47:08,440 --> 01:47:10,800
CHRONIC PAIN CONDITIONS. 

2707
01:47:10,800 --> 01:47:12,280
AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

2708
01:47:12,280 --> 01:47:14,120
WE CAN THINK OF AS SOMETHING 

2709
01:47:14,120 --> 01:47:17,400
THAT BOLSTERS RESILIENCE FACTORS

2710
01:47:17,400 --> 01:47:19,680
REDUCING RISK FACTORS AND KNOW 

2711
01:47:19,680 --> 01:47:22,600
THAT CBT HAS STRONG IMPACTS IN 

2712
01:47:22,600 --> 01:47:25,800
REDUCING PAIN-RELATED 

2713
01:47:25,800 --> 01:47:27,320
CATASTROPHIZING.  AT SAME TIME 

2714
01:47:27,320 --> 01:47:29,600
IT ALSO SEEMS TO AMPLIFY 

2715
01:47:29,600 --> 01:47:31,120
RESILIENCE RELATED FACTORS IN A 

2716
01:47:31,120 --> 01:47:34,400
NUMBER OF SAMPLES AND WE 

2717
01:47:34,400 --> 01:47:36,680
RECENTLY COMPLETED FUNCTIONAL 

2718
01:47:36,680 --> 01:47:37,600
NEUROIMAGING STUDY THAT WE 

2719
01:47:37,600 --> 01:47:40,360
WANTED TO LOOK AT SOME BRAIN 

2720
01:47:40,360 --> 01:47:43,000
CORRELATES BY WHICH CBT SEEMS TO

2721
01:47:43,000 --> 01:47:44,640
INFLUENCE CATASTROPHIZING AND 

2722
01:47:44,640 --> 01:47:47,160
PAIN RELATED OUTCOMES IN 

2723
01:47:47,160 --> 01:47:49,040
PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA THAT 

2724
01:47:49,040 --> 01:47:55,640
IS A SAMPLE OF 100 PATIENTS WITH

2725
01:47:55,640 --> 01:47:57,680
FIBROMYALGIA AND COGNITIVE -- 

2726
01:47:57,680 --> 01:48:00,840
CONTROL INTERVENTION THAT IS 

2727
01:48:00,840 --> 01:48:02,240
MATCHED FOR THERAPIST AND LENGTH

2728
01:48:02,240 --> 01:48:04,280
OF SESSION AND THAT SORT OF 

2729
01:48:04,280 --> 01:48:04,520
THING. 

2730
01:48:04,520 --> 01:48:07,200
AND WHAT YOU CAN SEE FROM THOSE 

2731
01:48:07,200 --> 01:48:08,840
CHANGED SCORES THERE IS THAT 

2732
01:48:08,840 --> 01:48:12,200
COMPARED TO EDUCATION CONTROL 

2733
01:48:12,200 --> 01:48:15,840
CONDITION, CBT HAS A NICE IMPACT

2734
01:48:15,840 --> 01:48:18,680
ON REDUCING PAIN INTERFERENCE 

2735
01:48:18,680 --> 01:48:20,560
PAIN SEVERITY FIBROMYALGIA 

2736
01:48:20,560 --> 01:48:22,480
IMPACT SCORES AND 

2737
01:48:22,480 --> 01:48:24,160
CATASTROPHIZING AND RUNNING 

2738
01:48:24,160 --> 01:48:25,600
MEDIATION MODEL WE SEE BENEFITS 

2739
01:48:25,600 --> 01:48:28,320
OF CBT ARE DIRECTLY DUE TO 

2740
01:48:28,320 --> 01:48:29,520
REDUCTION IN CATASTROPHIZING 

2741
01:48:29,520 --> 01:48:32,760
THAT IT SEEMS TO ENGENDER AND 

2742
01:48:32,760 --> 01:48:35,240
REDUCTION IN PCS SCORES SEEMS TO

2743
01:48:35,240 --> 01:48:39,360
EXPLAIN HOW IT IS THAT CBT HELPS

2744
01:48:39,360 --> 01:48:42,000
PATIENTS TO REDUCE PAIN 

2745
01:48:42,000 --> 01:48:44,920
INTERFERENCE AND BURDEN OF 

2746
01:48:44,920 --> 01:48:46,080
FIBROMYALGIA SYMPTOMS LOOKING AT

2747
01:48:46,080 --> 01:48:48,920
IMAGING DATA ALONG WITH IT CBT 

2748
01:48:48,920 --> 01:48:52,040
RELATIVE TO EDUCATIONAL CONTROL 

2749
01:48:52,040 --> 01:48:52,680
CONDITION SEEMS TO HAVE 

2750
01:48:52,680 --> 01:48:56,200
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN REDUCING 

2751
01:48:56,200 --> 01:48:58,920
CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN DEFAULT 

2752
01:48:58,920 --> 01:49:01,120
MODE STRUCTURES POSTERIOR 

2753
01:49:01,120 --> 01:49:02,680
SINGULARATE CORTEX AND OTHER 

2754
01:49:02,680 --> 01:49:05,480
NETWORKS THIS IS ELEMENT OFSOME 

2755
01:49:05,480 --> 01:49:07,240
ATTOMOTOR NETWORK AND SALIENCE 

2756
01:49:07,240 --> 01:49:11,160
NETWORK AS WELL AND CBT SEEMS TO

2757
01:49:11,160 --> 01:49:13,800
BE REDUCING RISK FACTORS 

2758
01:49:13,800 --> 01:49:15,440
BUILDING RESILIENCE FACTORS AND 

2759
01:49:15,440 --> 01:49:18,120
ALL THAT IS PARTLY AT LEAST 

2760
01:49:18,120 --> 01:49:20,400
HAVING THIS ADAPTIVE EFFECT ON 

2761
01:49:20,400 --> 01:49:22,000
BRAIN FUNCTION IN PARTICIPANTS 

2762
01:49:22,000 --> 01:49:25,680
THAT UNDERGO THIS TREATMENT AND 

2763
01:49:25,680 --> 01:49:27,280
PRESUMABLY TREATMENTS WHETHER 

2764
01:49:27,280 --> 01:49:28,480
MINDFULNESS MEDITATION OR 

2765
01:49:28,480 --> 01:49:30,600
ACCEPTANCE IN COMMITMENT THERAPY

2766
01:49:30,600 --> 01:49:34,680
OR SIMILAR EMPIRICALLY SUPPORTED

2767
01:49:34,680 --> 01:49:35,800
NONPHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTION 

2768
01:49:35,800 --> 01:49:37,200
AND FOR THE VERY LAST PART OF 

2769
01:49:37,200 --> 01:49:39,440
THE TALK I WANT TO TURN TO WHAT 

2770
01:49:39,440 --> 01:49:41,480
I CONSIDER SOME REALLY 

2771
01:49:41,480 --> 01:49:42,400
ENCOURAGING EVIDENCE THAT 

2772
01:49:42,400 --> 01:49:45,200
BUILDING RESILIENCE FACTORS MAY 

2773
01:49:45,200 --> 01:49:47,880
HELP TO REDUCE DISPARITIES IN 

2774
01:49:47,880 --> 01:49:49,680
PART BECAUSE RESILIENCE FACTORS 

2775
01:49:49,680 --> 01:49:52,040
MAY HAVE STRONGEST PROTECTIVE 

2776
01:49:52,040 --> 01:49:54,680
EFFECTS IN PATIENTS FROM 

2777
01:49:54,680 --> 01:49:56,840
MINORITY GROUPS. 

2778
01:49:56,840 --> 01:49:59,120
AND PROBABLY AFTON AND I ARE 

2779
01:49:59,120 --> 01:50:01,800
COMPETING TO SEE WHO PUT UP 

2780
01:50:01,800 --> 01:50:04,280
EMILY'S PICTURE MORE TIMES AND 

2781
01:50:04,280 --> 01:50:06,880
SEE ROGER'S AS WELL AND ARE 

2782
01:50:06,880 --> 01:50:08,840
DOING SOME LEADING WORK IN THESE

2783
01:50:08,840 --> 01:50:11,080
AREAS AND DATA FROM UPLOAD STUDY

2784
01:50:11,080 --> 01:50:16,000
FROM PARTICIPANTS WITH PAINFUL 

2785
01:50:16,000 --> 01:50:16,360
OSTEOARTHRITIS. 

2786
01:50:16,360 --> 01:50:18,720
YOU SEE FROM FIGURES THERE AND 

2787
01:50:18,720 --> 01:50:20,960
INTERACTIONS THAT IN 

2788
01:50:20,960 --> 01:50:22,080
NON-HISPANIC BLACK PARTICIPANTS 

2789
01:50:22,080 --> 01:50:24,960
WITH OA, HIGHER LEVELS OF 

2790
01:50:24,960 --> 01:50:26,960
RESILIENCE FACTORS OPTIMISM AND 

2791
01:50:26,960 --> 01:50:29,000
POSITIVE AFFECT, THEY ARE MORE 

2792
01:50:29,000 --> 01:50:30,800
ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER PAIN 

2793
01:50:30,800 --> 01:50:32,880
OUTCOMES THAN IS TRUE FOR 

2794
01:50:32,880 --> 01:50:34,160
NON-HISPANIC WHITE PARTICIPANTS 

2795
01:50:34,160 --> 01:50:36,920
AND IN OTHER WORDS, IN THE 

2796
01:50:36,920 --> 01:50:38,760
SAMPLE OF BLACK NON-HISPANIC 

2797
01:50:38,760 --> 01:50:40,920
BLACK INDIVIDUALS AND HAVING 

2798
01:50:40,920 --> 01:50:42,440
MORE OPTIMISM AND HAVING A 

2799
01:50:42,440 --> 01:50:45,120
GREATER DEGREE OF POSITIVE 

2800
01:50:45,120 --> 01:50:47,880
WELL-BEING IS MORE ASSOCIATED 

2801
01:50:47,880 --> 01:50:49,600
WITH REDUCTIONS IN PAIN THAN YOU

2802
01:50:49,600 --> 01:50:54,680
SEE FOR WHITE PARTICIPANTS THAT 

2803
01:50:54,680 --> 01:50:56,560
SEEMS TO SUGGEST RESILIENCE 

2804
01:50:56,560 --> 01:50:59,240
INTERVEJSS CBT OR OTHER 

2805
01:50:59,240 --> 01:51:01,560
TREATMENTS MIGHT BE PARTICULARLY

2806
01:51:01,560 --> 01:51:02,800
BENEFICIAL IN THAT THEY COULD 

2807
01:51:02,800 --> 01:51:06,280
HAVE MOST OPTIMIZED EFFECTS IN 

2808
01:51:06,280 --> 01:51:09,280
SOME MAJORITY AND MORE 

2809
01:51:09,280 --> 01:51:10,480
DISADVANTAGED GROUPS STRONGLY 

2810
01:51:10,480 --> 01:51:14,320
POSITIONED TO BENEFIT FROM THESE

2811
01:51:14,320 --> 01:51:16,760
INTERVENT

2812
01:51:16,760 --> 01:51:17,120
INTERVENTIONS. 

2813
01:51:17,120 --> 01:51:18,520
WE GET NICE EVIDENCE FROM 

2814
01:51:18,520 --> 01:51:23,160
NONPAIN LITERATURE FROM MENTAL 

2815
01:51:23,160 --> 01:51:24,720
HEALTH LITERATURE AND RECENT 

2816
01:51:24,720 --> 01:51:28,440
REVIEW COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL 

2817
01:51:28,440 --> 01:51:30,280
THERAPY FOR -- AND GET NICE 

2818
01:51:30,280 --> 01:51:32,360
EVIDENCE THERE ARE VERY GOOD 

2819
01:51:32,360 --> 01:51:34,240
EFFECT SIZES FOR THESE SORTS OF 

2820
01:51:34,240 --> 01:51:37,320
TREATMENTS IN MINORITY PATIENTS 

2821
01:51:37,320 --> 01:51:39,960
AND EFFECT SIZE COULD BE 

2822
01:51:39,960 --> 01:51:41,800
BOLSTERED IMPLEMENTING CULTURAL 

2823
01:51:41,800 --> 01:51:43,200
ADAPTATIONS TO SOME EXISTING 

2824
01:51:43,200 --> 01:51:44,800
TREATMENTS THAT IS REALLY 

2825
01:51:44,800 --> 01:51:47,160
ENCOURAGING IN THAT IF WE CAN 

2826
01:51:47,160 --> 01:51:49,280
SCALE AND MAKE AVAILABLE AND 

2827
01:51:49,280 --> 01:51:51,440
INCREASE ACCESS TO THESE SORTS 

2828
01:51:51,440 --> 01:51:53,800
OF TREATMENTS THAT WE KNOW WORK 

2829
01:51:53,800 --> 01:51:55,800
AND WE THINK MAY WORK BEST FOR 

2830
01:51:55,800 --> 01:51:58,560
THE MOST DISADVANTAGED 

2831
01:51:58,560 --> 01:51:59,840
MINORITIZED PATIENTS, THAT MIGHT

2832
01:51:59,840 --> 01:52:01,720
BE A NICE CONTRIBUTOR TO 

2833
01:52:01,720 --> 01:52:03,480
REDUCING DISPARITIES AND PAIN 

2834
01:52:03,480 --> 01:52:07,440
THAT IS PERVASIVE AND SEEMINGLY 

2835
01:52:07,440 --> 01:52:07,760
PERSISTENT. 

2836
01:52:07,760 --> 01:52:08,920
THERE IS REALLY EXCITING 

2837
01:52:08,920 --> 01:52:11,240
EVIDENCE THAT IS RECENTLY 

2838
01:52:11,240 --> 01:52:13,280
PUBLISHED BY GROUP AT UNIVERSITY

2839
01:52:13,280 --> 01:52:15,760
OF PITTSBURGH AND BENEFITS OF 

2840
01:52:15,760 --> 01:52:18,120
REMOTE CBT ARE ACTUALLY STRONGER

2841
01:52:18,120 --> 01:52:20,120
IN AFRICAN AMERICAN PARTICIPATE 

2842
01:52:20,120 --> 01:52:21,560
YANTSS THAN IN WHITE PARTICIPATE

2843
01:52:21,560 --> 01:52:24,080
YANTSS REMOTE COMPUTER-BASED CBT

2844
01:52:24,080 --> 01:52:26,480
PROGRAM COMPARED TO A CONTROL 

2845
01:52:26,480 --> 01:52:28,160
CONDITION AND WERE VERY SMALL 

2846
01:52:28,160 --> 01:52:29,760
NONSIGNIFICANT BENEFITS OBSERVED

2847
01:52:29,760 --> 01:52:32,520
IN THE WHITE PARTICIPANTS BUT 

2848
01:52:32,520 --> 01:52:34,160
REALLY NICE EFFECT SIZES THAT 

2849
01:52:34,160 --> 01:52:35,800
ARE OBSERVED IN THE AFRICAN 

2850
01:52:35,800 --> 01:52:38,840
AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS ON THE 

2851
01:52:38,840 --> 01:52:44,440
ORDER OF .47 AND .54 DEVALUED 

2852
01:52:44,440 --> 01:52:46,120
STANDARD OF EFFECT SIZE MODERATE

2853
01:52:46,120 --> 01:52:47,160
TO LARGE EFFECTS AND QUITE 

2854
01:52:47,160 --> 01:52:48,920
STRONG AND FASCINATING THEY ARE 

2855
01:52:48,920 --> 01:52:52,200
MUCH STRONGER IN AFRICAN 

2856
01:52:52,200 --> 01:52:53,920
AMERICAN THAN IN WHITE 

2857
01:52:53,920 --> 01:52:55,240
APARTMENTANTS UNCLEAR WHETHER IT

2858
01:52:55,240 --> 01:52:56,720
IS EFFECT OF TREATMENT BEING 

2859
01:52:56,720 --> 01:52:59,120
REMOTE OR FEATURES OF 

2860
01:52:59,120 --> 01:53:00,880
INTERVENTION IS A CERTAIN AREA 

2861
01:53:00,880 --> 01:53:03,120
THAT IS DESERVING OF QUITE A BIT

2862
01:53:03,120 --> 01:53:05,400
MORE STUDY AND TO WRAP UP I'M 

2863
01:53:05,400 --> 01:53:06,720
HOPEFUL THAT LOTS OF THIS WORK 

2864
01:53:06,720 --> 01:53:10,000
ON IDENTIFYING RISK AND 

2865
01:53:10,000 --> 01:53:12,160
RESILIENCE FACTORS CAN HELP US 

2866
01:53:12,160 --> 01:53:13,600
TO REALLY PERSONALIZE PAIN 

2867
01:53:13,600 --> 01:53:15,880
MANAGEMENT BASED ON AN 

2868
01:53:15,880 --> 01:53:17,480
INDIVIDUAL'S PHENOTYPE OR 

2869
01:53:17,480 --> 01:53:19,720
PROFILE.  WE CAN TARGET RISK 

2870
01:53:19,720 --> 01:53:23,200
FACTORS NEEDING REDUCTION AND 

2871
01:53:23,200 --> 01:53:24,960
RESILIENCE FACTORS THAT NEED 

2872
01:53:24,960 --> 01:53:26,600
MOST BENEFIT FROM BOLSTERING 

2873
01:53:26,600 --> 01:53:28,120
WITH VARIETY OF TREATMENTS AND 

2874
01:53:28,120 --> 01:53:30,480
THINK I HAVE SO MANY CONCLUSIONS

2875
01:53:30,480 --> 01:53:32,600
I HAVE SEVERAL CONCLUSION 

2876
01:53:32,600 --> 01:53:32,840
SLIDES. 

2877
01:53:32,840 --> 01:53:36,560
THIS IS THE FIRST OF ONE OF 

2878
01:53:36,560 --> 01:53:39,440
THEM. I WILL READ SORT OF 

2879
01:53:39,440 --> 01:53:42,440
OVERBASED CONCLUSIONS NOW THAT 

2880
01:53:42,440 --> 01:53:44,320
ARE PERSISTENT RACE AND ETHNIC 

2881
01:53:44,320 --> 01:53:46,440
DISPARITIES AND PAIN AND PEOPLE 

2882
01:53:46,440 --> 01:53:47,720
DOG TERRIFIC WORK TO UNDERSTAND 

2883
01:53:47,720 --> 01:53:49,520
SOURCES OF DISPARITIES AND BEST 

2884
01:53:49,520 --> 01:53:52,920
WE CAN TELL THERE IS NOT INNATE 

2885
01:53:52,920 --> 01:53:53,800
BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 

2886
01:53:53,800 --> 01:53:55,760
RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS AND 

2887
01:53:55,760 --> 01:53:57,440
PROBABLY CASE THAT LARGE 

2888
01:53:57,440 --> 01:53:59,720
MULTIMODAL SET OF FACTORS 

2889
01:53:59,720 --> 01:54:01,120
CONTRIBUTES TO OBSERVED EFFECTS 

2890
01:54:01,120 --> 01:54:03,320
IN THE US AND AROUND THE WORLD. 

2891
01:54:03,320 --> 01:54:05,800
AND IT IS HOPEFULLY, I THINK, 

2892
01:54:05,800 --> 01:54:08,840
REASONABLE FOR US TO TARGET A 

2893
01:54:08,840 --> 01:54:10,240
PERSONALIZED OR PRECISION PAIN 

2894
01:54:10,240 --> 01:54:12,040
MEDICINE APPROACH THAT WE 

2895
01:54:12,040 --> 01:54:14,640
CAREFULLY PHENOTYPE INDIVIDUALS 

2896
01:54:14,640 --> 01:54:17,960
AND TARGET INTERDISCIPLINARY 

2897
01:54:17,960 --> 01:54:20,400
MULTIMODAL TREATMENTS ACCORDING 

2898
01:54:20,400 --> 01:54:22,840
TO WHAT WILL FIT BEST WITH 

2899
01:54:22,840 --> 01:54:23,840
PHENOTYPIC PROFILE. 

2900
01:54:23,840 --> 01:54:28,840
WE DO AT THIS POINT KNOW QUITE A

2901
01:54:28,840 --> 01:54:32,880
BIT ABOUT WHAT SORTS OF THINGS 

2902
01:54:32,880 --> 01:54:35,920
MIGHT BE HELPFUL FOR 

2903
01:54:35,920 --> 01:54:36,920
IMPLEMENTING PROGRAMS TO REDUCE 

2904
01:54:36,920 --> 01:54:39,040
SOME DISPARITIES THAT WHAT IS TO

2905
01:54:39,040 --> 01:54:42,240
BE DONE IS INTERESTINGLY A TITLE

2906
01:54:42,240 --> 01:54:44,360
OF REVOLUTIONARY PAMPHLET THAT 

2907
01:54:44,360 --> 01:54:46,040
LENNON PUBLISHED AROUND THE TIME

2908
01:54:46,040 --> 01:54:48,520
OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND 

2909
01:54:48,520 --> 01:54:51,040
DON'T MEAN FOR IT TO BE QUITE SO

2910
01:54:51,040 --> 01:54:53,480
REVOLUTIONARY AND SOME 

2911
01:54:53,480 --> 01:54:55,640
STRATEGIES ARE HOPEFULLY QUITE 

2912
01:54:55,640 --> 01:54:58,240
OBVIOUS AND THINGS WE CAN 

2913
01:54:58,240 --> 01:55:01,080
IMPLEMENT AS QUICKLY AND WIDELY 

2914
01:55:01,080 --> 01:55:02,200
AS POSSIBLE. 

2915
01:55:02,200 --> 01:55:05,520
DEM ARIO OVERSTREET IN THE NICE 

2916
01:55:05,520 --> 01:55:07,200
REVIEW THAT RECENTLY PUBLISHED 

2917
01:55:07,200 --> 01:55:09,520
HAS A SECTIONING THAT WE ENGAGE 

2918
01:55:09,520 --> 01:55:11,520
IN INDIVIDUATION EVALUATING 

2919
01:55:11,520 --> 01:55:14,680
PEOPLE ON PERSONAL 

2920
01:55:14,680 --> 01:55:15,760
CHARACTERISTICS RATHER THAN 

2921
01:55:15,760 --> 01:55:16,920
CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUP TO 

2922
01:55:16,920 --> 01:55:19,160
WHICH THEY BELONG AT PROVIDER 

2923
01:55:19,160 --> 01:55:20,960
LEVEL WE KNOW THAT ALL OF US 

2924
01:55:20,960 --> 01:55:22,800
HAVE BIASES BOTH RECOGNIZED AND 

2925
01:55:22,800 --> 01:55:24,440
UNRECOGNIZED AND MORE WE CAN DO 

2926
01:55:24,440 --> 01:55:28,240
TO IDENTIFY THEM AND ENGAGE IN 

2927
01:55:28,240 --> 01:55:29,920
PERSPECTIVE TAKING APPROACHES TO

2928
01:55:29,920 --> 01:55:32,680
MANAGING PATIENTS BETTER OFF WE 

2929
01:55:32,680 --> 01:55:33,840
WILL BE.  

2930
01:55:33,840 --> 01:55:35,400
STRUCTURALLY IT CAN BE GREAT IF 

2931
01:55:35,400 --> 01:55:37,760
WE CAN MAKE RAPID PROGRESS IN 

2932
01:55:37,760 --> 01:55:40,040
INCREASING ACCESS TO AND 

2933
01:55:40,040 --> 01:55:41,800
UTILIZATION TO EFFECTIVE 

2934
01:55:41,800 --> 01:55:43,320
TREATMENTS FROM INDIVIDUALS FROM

2935
01:55:43,320 --> 01:55:44,840
MINORITY BACKGROUNDS THAT YOU 

2936
01:55:44,840 --> 01:55:51,240
CAN SEE SOME EDUCATIONAL AND 

2937
01:55:51,240 --> 01:55:52,960
INSTITUTIONAL SUGGESTIONS THERE 

2938
01:55:52,960 --> 01:55:56,960
AND PERSPECTIVE LIKE MIND FROM 

2939
01:55:56,960 --> 01:55:58,320
PAIN PSYCHOLOGIST STUDYING 

2940
01:55:58,320 --> 01:56:00,680
NONPHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENTS WE 

2941
01:56:00,680 --> 01:56:01,600
HAVE EVIDENCE SUGGESTING THAT 

2942
01:56:01,600 --> 01:56:04,760
NOT ONLY IS CBT HELPFUL AND 

2943
01:56:04,760 --> 01:56:07,160
EFFECTIVE FOR SORTS OF PAIN 

2944
01:56:07,160 --> 01:56:08,800
CONDITIONS BUT HAVE DISPARITY 

2945
01:56:08,800 --> 01:56:10,760
REDUCING EFFECTS AS WELL AS 

2946
01:56:10,760 --> 01:56:11,680
ADDITIONAL BENEFIT. 

2947
01:56:11,680 --> 01:56:15,480
IT WOULD BE NICE IF WE COULD 

2948
01:56:15,480 --> 01:56:16,600
ENHANCE EFFECTIVENESS OF 

2949
01:56:16,600 --> 01:56:18,680
TREATMENTS FOR RACIAL AND ETHNIC

2950
01:56:18,680 --> 01:56:22,000
MINORITY SAMPLES WORKING TOWARDS

2951
01:56:22,000 --> 01:56:24,360
CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF EXISTING 

2952
01:56:24,360 --> 01:56:25,320
TREATMENTS AND THEN THERE ARE 

2953
01:56:25,320 --> 01:56:26,760
PEOPLE THAT I'M SURE ARE WORKING

2954
01:56:26,760 --> 01:56:29,800
ON DEVELOPING OR ADAPTING 

2955
01:56:29,800 --> 01:56:31,800
TREATMENTS TO MORE EFFECTIVELY 

2956
01:56:31,800 --> 01:56:34,720
AND RAPIDLY ENHANCE SORTS OF 

2957
01:56:34,720 --> 01:56:36,720
RESILIENCE FACTORS WE KNOW ARE 

2958
01:56:36,720 --> 01:56:38,920
SO IMPORTANT FOR SHAPING THESE 

2959
01:56:38,920 --> 01:56:40,400
OUTCOMES AND FINAL SLIDE AND 

2960
01:56:40,400 --> 01:56:41,960
THANKS VERY MUCH TO ALL 

2961
01:56:41,960 --> 01:56:43,760
COLLEAGUES IN BOSTON AND ACROSS 

2962
01:56:43,760 --> 01:56:44,880
THE COUNTRY THAT DO ALL THIS 

2963
01:56:44,880 --> 01:56:46,840
WORK AND ALLOW ME TO STAND UP 

2964
01:56:46,840 --> 01:56:50,920
HERE AND TAKE CREDIT FOR IT AND 

2965
01:56:50,920 --> 01:56:52,360
UNCHARACTERISTICICALLY FINISHED 

2966
01:56:52,360 --> 01:56:54,160
TWO MINUTES EARLY AND IN YELLOW 

2967
01:56:54,160 --> 01:56:56,960
NOT RED THAPD IS GREAT LAND ASK 

2968
01:56:56,960 --> 01:56:58,400
SAM TO MAKE NOTE ABOUT THAT.  

2969
01:56:58,400 --> 01:57:00,400
THIS IS WONDERFUL.  I WILL TELL 

2970
01:57:00,400 --> 01:57:01,960
PEOPLE ABOUT THAT FOR YEARS AND 

2971
01:57:01,960 --> 01:57:06,440
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR 

2972
01:57:06,440 --> 01:57:07,840
ATTENTION.  

2973
01:57:07,840 --> 01:57:09,160
>>[APPLAUSE]. 

2974
01:57:09,160 --> 01:57:19,720
>>>>OKAY.  ALL
RIGHT.  I WILL 

2975
01:57:28,560 --> 01:57:30,560
GET SITUATED HERE, FOLKS. 

2976
01:57:30,560 --> 01:57:34,400
GOOD MORNING.  I'M BUREL GOODIN 

2977
01:57:34,400 --> 01:57:36,120
AND THINK A LOT OF YOU NOT ALL 

2978
01:57:36,120 --> 01:57:38,080
OF YOU KNOW FOR THE LAST 10 

2979
01:57:38,080 --> 01:57:41,080
YEARS I WAS AT UNIVERSITY OF 

2980
01:57:41,080 --> 01:57:44,920
ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM AND ELOCATED 

2981
01:57:44,920 --> 01:57:47,560
TO UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS AND 

2982
01:57:47,560 --> 01:57:49,480
HAVE TO FLY BACK TO BIRMINGHAM 

2983
01:57:49,480 --> 01:57:52,120
WHEN DONE HERE MOVERS ARE COMING

2984
01:57:52,120 --> 01:57:56,040
TOMORROW TO PACK UP MY STUFF AND

2985
01:57:56,040 --> 01:57:59,200
HAUL TO ST. LOUIS AND EVENTFUL 

2986
01:57:59,200 --> 01:58:01,080
WEEK ALREADY TO SAY THE LEAST 

2987
01:58:01,080 --> 01:58:03,560
AND POLICED WITH GREAT 

2988
01:58:03,560 --> 01:58:05,840
INFORMATION INCLUDED IN AFTON'S 

2989
01:58:05,840 --> 01:58:06,840
PLENARY AND THIS TALK WILL 

2990
01:58:06,840 --> 01:58:08,600
COMPLEMENT THAT VERY NICELY.  I 

2991
01:58:08,600 --> 01:58:10,160
WILL APPROACH IT WITH A LITTLE 

2992
01:58:10,160 --> 01:58:11,400
BIT OF A DIFFERENT SPIN IN 

2993
01:58:11,400 --> 01:58:16,440
TALKING ABOUT THREATS TO SOCIAL 

2994
01:58:16,440 --> 01:58:18,480
SAFETY, SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS.  

2995
01:58:18,480 --> 01:58:20,920
EXCUSE ME.  AND THE SOCIAL 

2996
01:58:20,920 --> 01:58:24,920
ASPECT OF BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL PAIN 

2997
01:58:24,920 --> 01:58:26,520
MODEL TALKING ABOUT HOW THEY MAY

2998
01:58:26,520 --> 01:58:28,760
OR MAY NOT PROMOTE PAIN 

2999
01:58:28,760 --> 01:58:30,520
DISPARITIES AND MAKING AN 

3000
01:58:30,520 --> 01:58:33,040
ARGUMENT TO HOW THEY DO JUST 

3001
01:58:33,040 --> 01:58:33,360
THAT. 

3002
01:58:33,360 --> 01:58:36,160
I DIDN'T INCLUDE THE OBLIGATORY 

3003
01:58:36,160 --> 01:58:38,480
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE SLIDE.  I 

3004
01:58:38,480 --> 01:58:39,960
DON'T HAVE ANY FINANCIAL 

3005
01:58:39,960 --> 01:58:41,800
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.  I'M 

3006
01:58:41,800 --> 01:58:43,800
ALWAYS OPEN TO HAVING SOME AND 

3007
01:58:43,800 --> 01:58:45,720
IF THERE IS ANY POSSIBILITIES 

3008
01:58:45,720 --> 01:58:47,960
THERE, LET ME KNOW.  I WILL 

3009
01:58:47,960 --> 01:58:49,360
DISCLOSE THEM EVERY DAY OF THE 

3010
01:58:49,360 --> 01:58:51,560
WEEK AND WE WILL MOVE ON.  THAT 

3011
01:58:51,560 --> 01:58:53,080
BEING SAID, PAIN DISPARITIES 

3012
01:58:53,080 --> 01:58:56,400
FROM THE TIME I WAS IN GRADUATE 

3013
01:58:56,400 --> 01:58:58,400
SCHOOL THROUGH POST DOC, PAIN 

3014
01:58:58,400 --> 01:58:59,880
DISPARITIES HAS BEEN REALLY THE 

3015
01:58:59,880 --> 01:59:02,320
BREAD AND BUTTER OF MY RESEARCH 

3016
01:59:02,320 --> 01:59:04,480
AND SORT OF UNDERSTANDING HOW 

3017
01:59:04,480 --> 01:59:07,640
THEY MANIFEST GOT ROLLING 

3018
01:59:07,640 --> 01:59:09,920
INITIALLY WITH THAT WITH 

3019
01:59:09,920 --> 01:59:10,880
RACIALIZED MINORITIES AND LOTS 

3020
01:59:10,880 --> 01:59:13,680
OF BLACK AND WHITE AND HISPANIC 

3021
01:59:13,680 --> 01:59:14,960
DIFFERENCES AND MOVING FORWARD 

3022
01:59:14,960 --> 01:59:16,400
TO THE CURRENT DAY. 

3023
01:59:16,400 --> 01:59:19,440
MOST ANY SORT OF DISPARATE GROUP

3024
01:59:19,440 --> 01:59:22,000
WHETHER A FUNCTION OF RACE AND 

3025
01:59:22,000 --> 01:59:24,200
ETHNIC STATUS AND SEX AND GENDER

3026
01:59:24,200 --> 01:59:26,280
MINORITY STATUS OR JUST AS A 

3027
01:59:26,280 --> 01:59:28,200
FUNCTION OF HEALTH STATUSES THAT

3028
01:59:28,200 --> 01:59:32,640
ARE OTHERWISE MARGINALIZED AND 

3029
01:59:32,640 --> 01:59:35,520
UNDERSERVED AND UNDERATTENDED 

3030
01:59:35,520 --> 01:59:37,160
HAS BECOME PART OF THE RESEARCH 

3031
01:59:37,160 --> 01:59:38,640
PROGRAM AND THESE ARE FOLKS THAT

3032
01:59:38,640 --> 01:59:41,080
NEED OUR HELP THE MOST AND FOLKS

3033
01:59:41,080 --> 01:59:42,960
THAT I CARE MOST ABOUT AND ARE 

3034
01:59:42,960 --> 01:59:44,520
ONES I WANT TO ADVOCATE FOR WHEN

3035
01:59:44,520 --> 01:59:46,400
I HAVE FORTUNATELY ENOUGH 

3036
01:59:46,400 --> 01:59:47,800
ADVANTAGE TO STAND ON A PLATFORM

3037
01:59:47,800 --> 01:59:49,840
LIKE THIS AND SPEAK TO ALL OF 

3038
01:59:49,840 --> 01:59:50,320
YOU TODAY. 

3039
01:59:50,320 --> 01:59:52,720
ONE THING SORT OF THAT IS 

3040
01:59:52,720 --> 01:59:54,840
CHARGING TO PAIN DISPARITIES AND

3041
01:59:54,840 --> 01:59:56,640
GREATER PAIN COMMUNITY IS IT IS 

3042
01:59:56,640 --> 02:00:00,800
TIME TO MOVE ON SIMPLY BETWEEN 

3043
02:00:00,800 --> 02:00:02,680
DESCRIBING PAIN OUTCOMES AND 

3044
02:00:02,680 --> 02:00:04,080
DISPARATE GROUPS NOT TO SAY IT 

3045
02:00:04,080 --> 02:00:06,600
IS NOT IMPORTANT BUT CAN'T BE 

3046
02:00:06,600 --> 02:00:08,320
END ALL BE ALL OF PAIN 

3047
02:00:08,320 --> 02:00:09,360
DISPARITIES AND RESEARCH AND 

3048
02:00:09,360 --> 02:00:12,320
HAVE TO UNDERSTAND BETTER HOW 

3049
02:00:12,320 --> 02:00:12,960
DISPARITIES MANIFEST SO WHEN 

3050
02:00:12,960 --> 02:00:14,480
THEY ARE CHARACTERIZED WE CAN 

3051
02:00:14,480 --> 02:00:17,080
UNDERSTAND BETTER HOW BEST TO 

3052
02:00:17,080 --> 02:00:18,760
INTERVENE AND MITIGATE 

3053
02:00:18,760 --> 02:00:20,840
DISPARITIES WHETHER AT 

3054
02:00:20,840 --> 02:00:22,120
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL OR PERHAPS MORE

3055
02:00:22,120 --> 02:00:24,400
PRUDE YENLTLY AND IMPORTANTLY AT

3056
02:00:24,400 --> 02:00:25,920
SYSTEMATIC LEVEL AND SYSTEMS 

3057
02:00:25,920 --> 02:00:28,880
LEVEL IS WHERE YOU START TO SEE 

3058
02:00:28,880 --> 02:00:30,960
DISPARITIES REALLY TRICKLE DOWN 

3059
02:00:30,960 --> 02:00:31,840
TO THE INDIVIDUAL. 

3060
02:00:31,840 --> 02:00:33,880
SO, THIS IS WHERE I CAN START TO

3061
02:00:33,880 --> 02:00:39,000
TIE THINGS BACK TO AFTON WHERE 

3062
02:00:39,000 --> 02:00:40,040
WE HAVE REALLY BEEN THINKING 

3063
02:00:40,040 --> 02:00:41,720
ABOUT PAIN DISPARITIES THAT IS 

3064
02:00:41,720 --> 02:00:44,080
IN PEOPLE'S SORT OF LIVED 

3065
02:00:44,080 --> 02:00:47,480
EXPERIENCES OUT IN THEIR 

3066
02:00:47,480 --> 02:00:48,640
PERSONAL ENVIRONMENTS AND SOCIAL

3067
02:00:48,640 --> 02:00:49,880
INTERACTIONS THAT THEY HAVE AND 

3068
02:00:49,880 --> 02:00:52,400
OUR APPROACH HAS REALLY BEEN 

3069
02:00:52,400 --> 02:00:53,800
STEEPED IN SOCIAL SAFETY THEORY 

3070
02:00:53,800 --> 02:00:56,760
THAT IS A THEORY DEVELOPED BY A 

3071
02:00:56,760 --> 02:00:59,640
NEW COLLEAGUE OF MINE OUT OF 

3072
02:00:59,640 --> 02:01:02,520
UCLA NAMED GEORGE SLAVICH IN 

3073
02:01:02,520 --> 02:01:05,160
THIS SERIES OF REVIEWS AND THESE

3074
02:01:05,160 --> 02:01:06,640
THEORETICAL PAPERS HE PUT OUT 

3075
02:01:06,640 --> 02:01:09,080
HERE IN THE LAST 2 TO 3 YEARS 

3076
02:01:09,080 --> 02:01:12,800
AND GEORGE IS VERY ELOQUENTLY 

3077
02:01:12,800 --> 02:01:15,120
TALKED ABOUT HOW POSITIVE SOCIAL

3078
02:01:15,120 --> 02:01:16,880
EXPERIENCES AND ENCOUNTER IS A 

3079
02:01:16,880 --> 02:01:19,800
POSITIVE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT CAN 

3080
02:01:19,800 --> 02:01:20,960
PROMOTE HEALTH AND WELLBEING AND

3081
02:01:20,960 --> 02:01:24,720
VERY MUCH IT CAN TO ALL OF THE 

3082
02:01:24,720 --> 02:01:27,120
RESILIENCY PROMOTING WAYS THAT 

3083
02:01:27,120 --> 02:01:31,280
AFTON SO NICELY ELUDED TO AND 

3084
02:01:31,280 --> 02:01:32,840
ALTERNATIVELY WHEN FOLKS SOCIAL 

3085
02:01:32,840 --> 02:01:34,520
SAFETY IS THREATENED, WHETHER 

3086
02:01:34,520 --> 02:01:38,600
THAT IS BY TOXIC ENVIRONMENTS OR

3087
02:01:38,600 --> 02:01:40,840
PROBLEMATIC RELATIONSHIPS OR 

3088
02:01:40,840 --> 02:01:45,440
LACK OF RELATIONSHIPS, IE, 

3089
02:01:45,440 --> 02:01:47,000
LONELINESS S IS WHEN THINGS CAN 

3090
02:01:47,000 --> 02:01:50,680
START TO BE A PROBLEM FOR HEALTH

3091
02:01:50,680 --> 02:01:53,160
AND AS IT RELATES TO PAIN AND 

3092
02:01:53,160 --> 02:01:56,200
SOCIAL THREATS THEORETICALLY 

3093
02:01:56,200 --> 02:01:57,960
BODY WILL RESPOND WITH 

3094
02:01:57,960 --> 02:01:59,520
HEIGHTENED PAIN SENSITIVITY AND 

3095
02:01:59,520 --> 02:02:00,480
SOMETHING IS WRONG YOU HAVE TO 

3096
02:02:00,480 --> 02:02:02,520
ATTEND TO THIS AND AVOID 

3097
02:02:02,520 --> 02:02:03,960
PHYSICAL DANGERS FIGHT OR FLIGHT

3098
02:02:03,960 --> 02:02:06,320
YOU HAVE TO GET OUT OF HERE AND 

3099
02:02:06,320 --> 02:02:08,160
LONG TERM COSTS THINGS RELATED 

3100
02:02:08,160 --> 02:02:11,720
TO POOR MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES 

3101
02:02:11,720 --> 02:02:13,800
ANXIETY DEPRESSION AND CHRONIC 

3102
02:02:13,800 --> 02:02:16,280
PAIN AND INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS 

3103
02:02:16,280 --> 02:02:18,480
THERE CAN KICK OFF A CASCADE OF 

3104
02:02:18,480 --> 02:02:19,840
NEGATIVE HEALTH OUTCOMES AND 

3105
02:02:19,840 --> 02:02:21,720
THINKING ABOUT THREATS TO SOCIAL

3106
02:02:21,720 --> 02:02:25,200
SAFETY AND WANT TO PROVIDE 

3107
02:02:25,200 --> 02:02:26,840
NOMENCLATURE HERE BEFORE WE GET 

3108
02:02:26,840 --> 02:02:28,960
INTO NEW DATA GENERATED IN MY 

3109
02:02:28,960 --> 02:02:31,360
LAB AND IDEA OF STIGMA THAT IS A

3110
02:02:31,360 --> 02:02:33,440
SET OF BELIEFS THAT ARE 

3111
02:02:33,440 --> 02:02:36,120
PERTAINING TO SORT OF NEGATIVE 

3112
02:02:36,120 --> 02:02:37,600
BELIEFS, ATTITUDES ASSUMPTIONS 

3113
02:02:37,600 --> 02:02:39,480
ABOUT A GROUP OR PEOPLE AND THIS

3114
02:02:39,480 --> 02:02:42,040
IS THE SORT OF IN-GROUP AND 

3115
02:02:42,040 --> 02:02:43,440
OUT-GROUP AND WE ARE THE 

3116
02:02:43,440 --> 02:02:45,840
IN-GROUP AND THAT IS OUT-GROUP 

3117
02:02:45,840 --> 02:02:48,400
AND THAT STIGMATIZATION THAT IS 

3118
02:02:48,400 --> 02:02:49,800
BEHAVIOR THAT COULD BE PERP 

3119
02:02:49,800 --> 02:02:52,440
RATED AGAINST INDIVIDUALS ACTING

3120
02:02:52,440 --> 02:02:55,360
IN WAY DISCREDITING VALIDATING 

3121
02:02:55,360 --> 02:02:57,560
SOMEONE BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS

3122
02:02:57,560 --> 02:02:59,240
DEEMED LESS OF THE NORM. 

3123
02:02:59,240 --> 02:03:03,680
THAT MIGHT BE PEOPLE AS 

3124
02:03:03,680 --> 02:03:04,560
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 

3125
02:03:04,560 --> 02:03:06,640
COULD BE RELATED TO RACE AND 

3126
02:03:06,640 --> 02:03:08,960
ETHNICITY OR RELATED TO SEX AND 

3127
02:03:08,960 --> 02:03:09,600
GENDER IDENTITIES. 

3128
02:03:09,600 --> 02:03:11,960
IT COULD ALSO BE RELATED TO 

3129
02:03:11,960 --> 02:03:13,240
THINGS LIKE CHRONIC PAIN 

3130
02:03:13,240 --> 02:03:15,120
PARTICULARLY IN CONTEXT OF LOTS 

3131
02:03:15,120 --> 02:03:19,600
OF CHRONIC PAIN THAT IS SORT OF 

3132
02:03:19,600 --> 02:03:20,520
MEDICALLY AMBIGUOUS AND NOT 

3133
02:03:20,520 --> 02:03:23,000
QUITE CLEAR WHAT CAUSE IS AND 

3134
02:03:23,000 --> 02:03:24,640
MIGHT START TO SEE 

3135
02:03:24,640 --> 02:03:25,880
STIGMATIZATION POPPING UP FROM 

3136
02:03:25,880 --> 02:03:28,520
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS AND FAMILY

3137
02:03:28,520 --> 02:03:29,680
FRIENDS WITH THOUGHT OF MAKING 

3138
02:03:29,680 --> 02:03:32,960
THIS UP AND GETTING OUT OF YOUR 

3139
02:03:32,960 --> 02:03:36,480
FAMILY DUTIES AND DOING CHORES 

3140
02:03:36,480 --> 02:03:38,160
AND BACKGROUND FLAIR TODAY AND 

3141
02:03:38,160 --> 02:03:40,000
EMPLOYER YOU WANT LIGHT DUTY 

3142
02:03:40,000 --> 02:03:43,440
WORK AND STIGMATIZATION AND A 

3143
02:03:43,440 --> 02:03:46,600
LITTLE MORE OVERTLY THAT AND 

3144
02:03:46,600 --> 02:03:47,240
OVERLAPPING DISCRIMINATION THAT 

3145
02:03:47,240 --> 02:03:49,040
YOU FLAT-OUT DIFFERENTIALLY 

3146
02:03:49,040 --> 02:03:52,480
TREAT PEOPLE OR GROUPS OF PEOPLE

3147
02:03:52,480 --> 02:03:55,080
BASED UPON STIGMA PREJUDICES AND

3148
02:03:55,080 --> 02:03:56,920
THEIR IDENTITIES AND 

3149
02:03:56,920 --> 02:03:58,640
INTERSECTIONALITY THAT IS A 

3150
02:03:58,640 --> 02:04:00,520
FRAMEWORK SUCH THAT PEOPLE BRING

3151
02:04:00,520 --> 02:04:02,520
A LOT OF DIFFERENT IDENTITIES 

3152
02:04:02,520 --> 02:04:04,720
AND CONDITIONS TO THEIR LIVED 

3153
02:04:04,720 --> 02:04:06,600
ENVIRONMENTS AND EXPERIENCES 

3154
02:04:06,600 --> 02:04:08,960
THAT INTERCONNECT AND THUS THEY 

3155
02:04:08,960 --> 02:04:10,080
MAY ACTUALLY EXPERIENCE 

3156
02:04:10,080 --> 02:04:13,600
DIFFERENT SORTS OF 

3157
02:04:13,600 --> 02:04:16,960
DISCRIMINATION AND STIGMA AS 

3158
02:04:16,960 --> 02:04:19,160
FUVENLGS OF RACE, CLASS, GENDER 

3159
02:04:19,160 --> 02:04:21,160
HEALTH CONDITIONS IN ANY GIVEN 

3160
02:04:21,160 --> 02:04:23,360
WEEK THAT PEOPLE EXPERIENCE 

3161
02:04:23,360 --> 02:04:23,960
DISCRIMINATION AND BECAUSE 

3162
02:04:23,960 --> 02:04:25,880
MONDAY A PERSON IS BLACK AND 

3163
02:04:25,880 --> 02:04:28,800
TUESDAY THEY ARE PART OF THE 

3164
02:04:28,800 --> 02:04:32,960
LGBTQ XHUNLTY AND WEDNESDAY AT 

3165
02:04:32,960 --> 02:04:33,680
DOCTOR'S APPOINTMENT CHRONIC 

3166
02:04:33,680 --> 02:04:36,280
PAIN NOT BEING FULLY BELIEVED 

3167
02:04:36,280 --> 02:04:37,680
AND INTERSECTIONALITY IS TIP OF 

3168
02:04:37,680 --> 02:04:41,440
THE SPEAR OF PEOPLE'S LIVED

3169
02:04:41,440 --> 02:04:44,560
LIVEDIENCES THAT IS DIFFICULT TO

3170
02:04:44,560 --> 02:04:47,280
STUDY AND ANLLIZE HOW YOU SORT 

3171
02:04:47,280 --> 02:04:48,960
OF MODEL FIVE DIFFERENT 

3172
02:04:48,960 --> 02:04:49,880
INTERACTIONS BASED UPON A 

3173
02:04:49,880 --> 02:04:51,080
PERSON'S IDENTITIES. 

3174
02:04:51,080 --> 02:04:52,640
THAT DOESN'T MEAN IT IS NOT 

3175
02:04:52,640 --> 02:04:54,600
WORTH DOING AND WE ARE TRYING TO

3176
02:04:54,600 --> 02:04:55,840
DO THAT VERY THING. 

3177
02:04:55,840 --> 02:04:57,480
EXCUSE ME.  JUST TO ROUND THIS 

3178
02:04:57,480 --> 02:05:00,880
OUT A LITTLE MORE.  THIS IDEA OF

3179
02:05:00,880 --> 02:05:03,280
SOCIAL THREAT AND PAIN WAS 

3180
02:05:03,280 --> 02:05:05,280
INITIALLY SORT OF DONE IN MY 

3181
02:05:05,280 --> 02:05:08,400
OPINION VERY WELL BY NAOMIISE 

3182
02:05:08,400 --> 02:05:10,920
ENBERGER BACK WHEN SHE WAS 

3183
02:05:10,920 --> 02:05:13,440
SHOWING TO BEOS TRA CRIED OR 

3184
02:05:13,440 --> 02:05:15,960
OTHERWISE SOCIALLY DISKEBLTHED 

3185
02:05:15,960 --> 02:05:17,200
CAN PROMOTE PAIN AND PAIN 

3186
02:05:17,200 --> 02:05:19,320
SENSITIVITY AND SHARED NEURAL 

3187
02:05:19,320 --> 02:05:20,880
NETWORKS AND LOTS OF WHAT ROB 

3188
02:05:20,880 --> 02:05:23,400
WAS SCRIBING THINGS RELATED TO 

3189
02:05:23,400 --> 02:05:29,680
LIMBIC SYSTEM AMYGDALA THINGS 

3190
02:05:29,680 --> 02:05:31,520
LIKE THAT RELATING TO PHYSICAL 

3191
02:05:31,520 --> 02:05:33,080
AND SOCIAL PAIN AND DISTINCTION 

3192
02:05:33,080 --> 02:05:35,680
OF PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL PAIN IS A

3193
02:05:35,680 --> 02:05:37,080
BIT ARBITRARY.  BRAIN ONLY 

3194
02:05:37,080 --> 02:05:39,560
REALLY KNOWS PAIN IN WHAT HURTS.

3195
02:05:39,560 --> 02:05:43,600
BUT IN THE LINE OF HUMAN 

3196
02:05:43,600 --> 02:05:46,200
EVOLUTION, THE BRAIN STRUCTURE'S

3197
02:05:46,200 --> 02:05:48,720
UNDERLYING PAIN INITIALLY 

3198
02:05:48,720 --> 02:05:50,560
EVOLVED AND MADE SENSE.  YOU 

3199
02:05:50,560 --> 02:05:52,200
SPRAINED YOUR ANKLE THAT MAKES 

3200
02:05:52,200 --> 02:05:55,160
YOU MORE VULNERABLE TO CYBER 

3201
02:05:55,160 --> 02:05:57,880
TOOTH TIGER ATTACK THAT WILL 

3202
02:05:57,880 --> 02:06:00,880
HURT AND BE MINDFUL OF THAT AND 

3203
02:06:00,880 --> 02:06:02,320
BEING COMMUNAL AND FARM TOGETHER

3204
02:06:02,320 --> 02:06:04,000
AND LIVE TOGETHER THAT PROTECTS 

3205
02:06:04,000 --> 02:06:06,040
US GREATER AND THREATS TO BEING 

3206
02:06:06,040 --> 02:06:10,800
AN OUTCAST, RIGHT, ARE ALSO 

3207
02:06:10,800 --> 02:06:11,760
POTENTIALLY THREATENING IN SAME 

3208
02:06:11,760 --> 02:06:14,240
WAY THAT CYBER TOOTH TIGER WILL 

3209
02:06:14,240 --> 02:06:16,200
ATTACK YOU IS AND BRAIN 

3210
02:06:16,200 --> 02:06:19,440
STRUCTURE AND NEURAL BIOLOGY IS 

3211
02:06:19,440 --> 02:06:20,320
UNDERLYING SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS 

3212
02:06:20,320 --> 02:06:24,400
THAT PIGGYBACKED ON TOP OF BRAIN

3213
02:06:24,400 --> 02:06:25,600
STRUCTURES THAT PROMOTE PAIN 

3214
02:06:25,600 --> 02:06:27,520
SUCH THAT SOCIAL THREAT CAN BE 

3215
02:06:27,520 --> 02:06:28,960
ALSO PHYSICALLY THREATENING IN 

3216
02:06:28,960 --> 02:06:31,480
FORM OF PROMOTING PAIN AND VERY 

3217
02:06:31,480 --> 02:06:32,760
INTERESTING STUFF AND KAIR OES 

3218
02:06:32,760 --> 02:06:34,840
HAS DONE STUFF SHOWING HOW 

3219
02:06:34,840 --> 02:06:37,440
SOCIAL THREAT INCREASES PAIN 

3220
02:06:37,440 --> 02:06:40,920
REPORTS AND AGGRESSION AND OVERT

3221
02:06:40,920 --> 02:06:42,760
AND OUTWARD EXPRESSION OF PAIN 

3222
02:06:42,760 --> 02:06:46,760
IS REDUCED AND STUDENT IN MY LAB

3223
02:06:46,760 --> 02:06:49,560
JOANNA HOBSON THAT I WILL SPEAK 

3224
02:06:49,560 --> 02:06:51,400
MORE ABOUT IN A MOMENT WAS 

3225
02:06:51,400 --> 02:06:52,960
APPLYING IDEA OF SOCIAL STRESS 

3226
02:06:52,960 --> 02:06:55,920
AND CONTENTS OF RACISM AND 

3227
02:06:55,920 --> 02:06:58,040
NEURAL BIOLOGY THEY ARE IN AND 

3228
02:06:58,040 --> 02:07:00,320
RACISM AS SOCIAL THREAT HAVING 

3229
02:07:00,320 --> 02:07:02,400
IMPLICATIONS OF PAIN DISPARITIES

3230
02:07:02,400 --> 02:07:04,520
PARTICULARLY AMONG RACIALIZED 

3231
02:07:04,520 --> 02:07:05,720
MINORITIES THAT IS AN 

3232
02:07:05,720 --> 02:07:07,000
INTERESTING CONCEPT THERE THAT I

3233
02:07:07,000 --> 02:07:09,080
ENCOURAGE YOU TO CHECK OUT HER 

3234
02:07:09,080 --> 02:07:09,280
WORK. 

3235
02:07:09,280 --> 02:07:11,400
WHAT WE HAVE DONE OVER THE LAST 

3236
02:07:11,400 --> 02:07:13,520
FIVE OR SIX YEARS IS START TO 

3237
02:07:13,520 --> 02:07:15,440
REALLY THINK WHAT POPULATION 

3238
02:07:15,440 --> 02:07:16,960
REALLY KIND OF REPRESENTS 

3239
02:07:16,960 --> 02:07:18,200
INTERSECTIONALITY AND WHERE WE 

3240
02:07:18,200 --> 02:07:19,680
CAN REALLY START TO UNPACK A LOT

3241
02:07:19,680 --> 02:07:21,720
OF WHAT IS GOING ON HERE IN 

3242
02:07:21,720 --> 02:07:23,280
TERMS OF SOCIAL THREATS AND PAIN

3243
02:07:23,280 --> 02:07:25,080
AND WHERE WE LAPPEDED THAT WAS 

3244
02:07:25,080 --> 02:07:27,760
IN OUR HIV POSITIVE COMMUNITY 

3245
02:07:27,760 --> 02:07:32,960
THAT HIV IN ITSELF IS 

3246
02:07:32,960 --> 02:07:34,480
NOTORIOUSLY STIGMATIZE THE 

3247
02:07:34,480 --> 02:07:35,640
HEALTH CONDITION IN A LONG TIME 

3248
02:07:35,640 --> 02:07:38,080
AND LAST COUPLE YEARS IN 

3249
02:07:38,080 --> 02:07:39,640
LABORATORY AND PERHAPS OTHERS 

3250
02:07:39,640 --> 02:07:40,840
HAVE KNOWN FOR LONGER PEOPLE 

3251
02:07:40,840 --> 02:07:45,240
WITH HIV DUE TO REALLY NICE 

3252
02:07:45,240 --> 02:07:47,760
ADVANCEMENTS IN RETRO ANTIVIRAL 

3253
02:07:47,760 --> 02:07:50,240
THERAPY ARE LIVING LONGER LIVING

3254
02:07:50,240 --> 02:07:51,560
LONGER DOESN'T NECESSARILY MEAN 

3255
02:07:51,560 --> 02:07:53,160
LIVING HEALTHIER WITH HIGHER 

3256
02:07:53,160 --> 02:07:55,000
QUALITY OF LIFE AND LOTS OF 

3257
02:07:55,000 --> 02:07:56,920
INDIVIDUALS ARE EXPERIENCING 

3258
02:07:56,920 --> 02:07:59,640
CHRONIC PAIN AND FROM 

3259
02:07:59,640 --> 02:08:00,560
INTERSECTIONAL STANDPOINT TWO 

3260
02:08:00,560 --> 02:08:03,760
THINGS THAT ARE POTENTIALLY 

3261
02:08:03,760 --> 02:08:06,960
STIGMATIZING AND NOT UNCOMMON IN

3262
02:08:06,960 --> 02:08:09,040
BIRMING HAM ALABAMA LOTS OF WORK

3263
02:08:09,040 --> 02:08:11,560
WAS DONE TO SHOW YOU FOLKS BLACK

3264
02:08:11,560 --> 02:08:14,480
OR HISPANIC OR PART OF LGBTQ 

3265
02:08:14,480 --> 02:08:19,680
COMMUNITY AND LAYERS POTENTIALLY

3266
02:08:19,680 --> 02:08:20,920
OF STIGMATIZATION AND FOR THIS 

3267
02:08:20,920 --> 02:08:22,720
GROUP STIGMA AND NOT FEELING 

3268
02:08:22,720 --> 02:08:24,120
COMFORTABLE GOING AND SEEING 

3269
02:08:24,120 --> 02:08:25,720
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS AND THINGS

3270
02:08:25,720 --> 02:08:28,800
OF THAT NATURE EQUATE TO 

3271
02:08:28,800 --> 02:08:30,840
PROBLEMATIC ADHERENCE AND CARE 

3272
02:08:30,840 --> 02:08:32,800
AND PROVIDER RELATIONSHIPS THAT 

3273
02:08:32,800 --> 02:08:34,080
COULD BE ACTUALLY LIFE 

3274
02:08:34,080 --> 02:08:35,560
THREATENING FOR THIS GROUP OF 

3275
02:08:35,560 --> 02:08:36,880
INDIVIDUALS AND THIS IS A CASE 

3276
02:08:36,880 --> 02:08:37,920
EXAMPLE. 

3277
02:08:37,920 --> 02:08:38,880
RIGHT?  

3278
02:08:38,880 --> 02:08:40,280
SO, I WON'T GO THROUGH 

3279
02:08:40,280 --> 02:08:41,560
EVERYTHING.  WHAT YOU CAN SEE 

3280
02:08:41,560 --> 02:08:43,040
UNDER CLINICAL IS THIS PERSON 

3281
02:08:43,040 --> 02:08:45,440
HAS PAIN AND THEY ARE HIV 

3282
02:08:45,440 --> 02:08:47,040
POSITIVE AND IS A TRANSGENDER 

3283
02:08:47,040 --> 02:08:48,800
INDIVIDUAL AND SEX ASSIGNED AT 

3284
02:08:48,800 --> 02:08:51,040
BIRTH IS MALE AND GENDER 

3285
02:08:51,040 --> 02:08:52,920
IDENTITY IS WOMAN AND DIDN'T 

3286
02:08:52,920 --> 02:08:56,000
FINISH HIGH SCHOOL AND DISABLED 

3287
02:08:56,000 --> 02:08:58,440
VERY LOW SOCIOECONOMIC 

3288
02:08:58,440 --> 02:09:00,680
STANDPOINT AND MULTIPLE POINTS 

3289
02:09:00,680 --> 02:09:01,800
OF DISCRIMINATION AND SOCIAL 

3290
02:09:01,800 --> 02:09:04,200
THREAT HERE FOR THIS INDIVIDUAL 

3291
02:09:04,200 --> 02:09:05,640
THAT IS REALLY REPRESENTATIVE OF

3292
02:09:05,640 --> 02:09:08,600
SAMPLES WE ARE CURRENTLY 

3293
02:09:08,600 --> 02:09:09,640
STUDYING. 

3294
02:09:09,640 --> 02:09:13,440
BACK TO JOANNA HOBSON AND I SAY 

3295
02:09:13,440 --> 02:09:16,040
NOT TOO LONG AGO 3 OR 4 YEARS 

3296
02:09:16,040 --> 02:09:19,880
AGO HLBI FUNDED US TO LOOK AT 

3297
02:09:19,880 --> 02:09:22,200
SLEEP AND PAIN IN PEOPLE WITH 

3298
02:09:22,200 --> 02:09:23,640
HIV AND PART OF HER DISSERTATION

3299
02:09:23,640 --> 02:09:28,120
AND GRADUATE WORK JOANNA HOBSON 

3300
02:09:28,120 --> 02:09:30,040
WANTED TO KNOW TO WHAT EXTENT 

3301
02:09:30,040 --> 02:09:31,880
EXPERIENCES OF STIGMA CHRONIC 

3302
02:09:31,880 --> 02:09:35,000
PAIN TO MOOD SLEEP AND PAIN AND 

3303
02:09:35,000 --> 02:09:37,000
CREATED AN INTERSECTIONAL STIGMA

3304
02:09:37,000 --> 02:09:39,880
COMPOSITE OF HIV AND CHRONIC 

3305
02:09:39,880 --> 02:09:43,360
PAIN AND ALBEIT CRUDE AND 

3306
02:09:43,360 --> 02:09:46,480
DEPENDING ON HOW YOU FEEL ABOUT 

3307
02:09:46,480 --> 02:09:48,400
MEDIAN SPLITS AND PAIN STIGMA 

3308
02:09:48,400 --> 02:09:50,720
YOU WERE CONSIDERED TO BE HIGH 

3309
02:09:50,720 --> 02:09:52,800
AND BELOW MEDIAN ON BOTH 

3310
02:09:52,800 --> 02:09:55,520
CONSIDERED TO BE LOW AND LOW 

3311
02:09:55,520 --> 02:09:57,360
MEDIAN ON ONE OR ANOTHER YOU ARE

3312
02:09:57,360 --> 02:10:00,040
MODERATE AND POINT BEING IN 

3313
02:10:00,040 --> 02:10:00,760
STAIRCASED EFFECT THOSE 

3314
02:10:00,760 --> 02:10:03,920
INDIVIDUALS REPORTING HIGH 

3315
02:10:03,920 --> 02:10:06,480
LEVELS OF INTERSECTIONAL HIV AND

3316
02:10:06,480 --> 02:10:08,920
CHRONIC PAIN STIGMA REPORTED 

3317
02:10:08,920 --> 02:10:13,160
MOST DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS TOP 

3318
02:10:13,160 --> 02:10:14,320
LEFT AND [INDISCERNIBLE] IS 

3319
02:10:14,320 --> 02:10:16,320
MIDDLE AND GREATEST PAIN 

3320
02:10:16,320 --> 02:10:18,160
SEVERITY ON TOP RIGHT AND WITH 

3321
02:10:18,160 --> 02:10:20,200
SOME INTERESTING SEQUENTIAL 

3322
02:10:20,200 --> 02:10:22,800
MEDIATION MODELING REPRESENTED 

3323
02:10:22,800 --> 02:10:25,400
BY RED ARROWS THOUGHT AS 

3324
02:10:25,400 --> 02:10:28,960
PUNITIVE PATHWAY IS THAT GREATER

3325
02:10:28,960 --> 02:10:31,360
STIGMA WILL HAVE DELETERIOUS 

3326
02:10:31,360 --> 02:10:33,080
EFFECT ON MOOD AND IN TURN WILL 

3327
02:10:33,080 --> 02:10:35,000
BE PROBLEMATIC FOR YOU TO SLEEP 

3328
02:10:35,000 --> 02:10:37,200
AND SUBSEQUENT TO THAT YOUR PAIN

3329
02:10:37,200 --> 02:10:40,200
WILL BE MORE PROBLEMATIC AND 

3330
02:10:40,200 --> 02:10:41,520
INTENSE AND NOT WELL CONTROLLED 

3331
02:10:41,520 --> 02:10:43,320
FOR YOU AND IMPORTANTLY IF YOU 

3332
02:10:43,320 --> 02:10:45,000
LOOK ALL THE WAY AT BOTTOM YOU 

3333
02:10:45,000 --> 02:10:47,320
CAN SEE WHEN PAPER WAS PUBLISHED

3334
02:10:47,320 --> 02:10:51,160
BY JOANNA WE HAVE 82 INDIVIDUALS

3335
02:10:51,160 --> 02:10:52,360
PREDOMINANTLY BLACK AFRICAN 

3336
02:10:52,360 --> 02:10:54,200
AMERICAN BY OWN SELF-REPORTED 

3337
02:10:54,200 --> 02:10:57,440
IDENTITY THAT ARE MOSTLY 

3338
02:10:57,440 --> 02:10:59,400
CISGENDER MEN AND WHOPPING 90% 

3339
02:10:59,400 --> 02:11:01,160
OF THEM LIVING BELOW POVERTY 

3340
02:11:01,160 --> 02:11:03,840
LINE AND MULTIPLE POINTS OF 

3341
02:11:03,840 --> 02:11:04,800
VULNERABILITY HERE.  IF YOU 

3342
02:11:04,800 --> 02:11:06,240
DON'T KNOW JOANNA, YOU WILL.  

3343
02:11:06,240 --> 02:11:08,680
SHE IS A BIT OF A FORCE AND 

3344
02:11:08,680 --> 02:11:09,880
DOESN'T MIND INTRODUCING HERSELF

3345
02:11:09,880 --> 02:11:10,920
TO FOLKS. 

3346
02:11:10,920 --> 02:11:12,080
STAY TUNED. 

3347
02:11:12,080 --> 02:11:14,960
OKAY.  JOANNA IS REALLY 

3348
02:11:14,960 --> 02:11:16,600
ADDRESSING THAT STIGMA PIECE AND

3349
02:11:16,600 --> 02:11:18,240
PERHAPS HOW IT COULD BE 

3350
02:11:18,240 --> 02:11:20,080
INTERVENED TO BETTER IMPROVE 

3351
02:11:20,080 --> 02:11:22,960
SLEEPING PAIN AND FUNDED BY 

3352
02:11:22,960 --> 02:11:25,160
NHLBI TO FOCUS ON SLEEPING PAIN 

3353
02:11:25,160 --> 02:11:26,560
AND WANT TO PRESENT SOME OF THAT

3354
02:11:26,560 --> 02:11:31,520
TO YOU.  WHAT WE HAVE ON X 

3355
02:11:31,520 --> 02:11:37,920
ASYMPTOTE IF YOU WILL INSOMNIA 

3356
02:11:37,920 --> 02:11:40,160
REASON BEING IS VALIDATED WHEN 

3357
02:11:40,160 --> 02:11:43,280
HIGHEST SCORE 15 OR GREATER 

3358
02:11:43,280 --> 02:11:45,680
SUGGESTS CLINICALLY RELEVANT 

3359
02:11:45,680 --> 02:11:48,120
INSOMNIA AND YOU SEE IN HIV 

3360
02:11:48,120 --> 02:11:51,280
POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS THAT THOSE 

3361
02:11:51,280 --> 02:11:55,560
THAT ARE ENDORSING CLINICALLY 

3362
02:11:55,560 --> 02:11:57,280
RELEVANT INSOMNIA HAVE GREATER 

3363
02:11:57,280 --> 02:11:58,880
SEVERITY OF PAIN ON LEFT AND 

3364
02:11:58,880 --> 02:12:00,960
PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING IS 

3365
02:12:00,960 --> 02:12:04,960
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED AND 

3366
02:12:04,960 --> 02:12:08,920
LIKEWISE EXPOSING THEM TO 

3367
02:12:08,920 --> 02:12:10,720
QUANTITATIVE TESTING PAIN 

3368
02:12:10,720 --> 02:12:13,040
THRESHOLD AND PAIN MODULATION 

3369
02:12:13,040 --> 02:12:16,800
PROTOCOL AND INSOMNIA SEVERITY 

3370
02:12:16,800 --> 02:12:19,600
INDEX AND POOR EFFICIENCY OF CPM

3371
02:12:19,600 --> 02:12:22,680
THAT IS SUGGESTIVE OF GREATER 

3372
02:12:22,680 --> 02:12:23,240
PAIN SENSITIVITY. 

3373
02:12:23,240 --> 02:12:25,640
ALL RIGHT. 

3374
02:12:25,640 --> 02:12:28,560
AND THEN ONCE THEY COMPLETE ALL 

3375
02:12:28,560 --> 02:12:30,440
THAT EXPERIMENTAL PAIN 

3376
02:12:30,440 --> 02:12:32,960
SENSITIVITY TESTING QST AS AN 

3377
02:12:32,960 --> 02:12:34,160
ACUTE STRESSOR WE TOOK BLOOD.  

3378
02:12:34,160 --> 02:12:39,400
YOU CAN SEE THAT THERE ARE A 

3379
02:12:39,400 --> 02:12:41,840
COUPLE INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES 

3380
02:12:41,840 --> 02:12:44,040
INTERLEUKIN 6 ON LEFT AND 

3381
02:12:44,040 --> 02:12:45,160
[INDISCERNIBLE] ON RIGHT AND 

3382
02:12:45,160 --> 02:12:48,280
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE INSOMNIA 

3383
02:12:48,280 --> 02:12:51,440
GROUP HAVE MORE REBUST AND 

3384
02:12:51,440 --> 02:12:52,960
PRONOUNCED REACTION TO CYTOKINES

3385
02:12:52,960 --> 02:12:55,560
THAT ARE ELEVATED TO STAY OVER 

3386
02:12:55,560 --> 02:12:58,440
TIME AND TIME IS ABOUT 45 

3387
02:12:58,440 --> 02:13:01,480
MINUTES POST QFCT OFFSET AND 

3388
02:13:01,480 --> 02:13:02,720
NONGROUPS HAD REACTION AND 

3389
02:13:02,720 --> 02:13:04,960
RETURN TO BASELINE WITH 

3390
02:13:04,960 --> 02:13:06,040
INFLAMMATORY CASCADE STAYED 

3391
02:13:06,040 --> 02:13:08,960
ELEVATED FOR THAT GROUP WITH 

3392
02:13:08,960 --> 02:13:10,600
INSOMNIA.  WHAT DO YOU DO; 

3393
02:13:10,600 --> 02:13:11,360
RIGHT?  

3394
02:13:11,360 --> 02:13:14,040
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR

3395
02:13:14,040 --> 02:13:16,200
INSOMNIA IS A GOLD STANDARD HERE

3396
02:13:16,200 --> 02:13:17,600
THAT IS VERY INTENSIVE THAT 

3397
02:13:17,600 --> 02:13:19,640
COULD BE FROM 6 TO 8 TO 10 

3398
02:13:19,640 --> 02:13:20,840
TREATMENTS AND PEOPLE HAVE TO 

3399
02:13:20,840 --> 02:13:23,960
COME IN WEEKLY AND CAN TELL YOU 

3400
02:13:23,960 --> 02:13:27,360
HIV POSITIVE GROUP CAN'T COMMIT 

3401
02:13:27,360 --> 02:13:29,000
TO THAT LEVEL OF TREATMENT. 

3402
02:13:29,000 --> 02:13:31,120
YOU KNOW, OFTEN TIMES THERE IS 

3403
02:13:31,120 --> 02:13:32,280
CHAOS AND COGNITIVE LOAD ON 

3404
02:13:32,280 --> 02:13:33,840
THEIR LIVES. 

3405
02:13:33,840 --> 02:13:35,720
I DON'T MEAN CHAOS LIKE 

3406
02:13:35,720 --> 02:13:37,360
PEJORATIVELY AND THINGS THAT 

3407
02:13:37,360 --> 02:13:40,320
MIGHT OTHERWISE BE MINOR 

3408
02:13:40,320 --> 02:13:41,400
INCONVENIENCES TO US MIGHT 

3409
02:13:41,400 --> 02:13:43,040
HAPPEN TO REALLY THROW OFF 

3410
02:13:43,040 --> 02:13:44,800
ENTIRE WEEK FOR THESE FOLKS THAT

3411
02:13:44,800 --> 02:13:47,000
IS HOW CAN WE ACTUALLY INTERVENE

3412
02:13:47,000 --> 02:13:49,920
AND DO SO IN A MORE TIME 

3413
02:13:49,920 --> 02:13:51,760
EFFICIENT AND SIMPLE SORT OF 

3414
02:13:51,760 --> 02:13:54,480
MANNER AND ENTER BRIEF 

3415
02:13:54,480 --> 02:13:56,880
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR INSOMNIA 

3416
02:13:56,880 --> 02:13:59,200
THAT IS SLEEP RESTRICTION AND 

3417
02:13:59,200 --> 02:14:00,000
PARADOXICALLY SLEEP LESS TO 

3418
02:14:00,000 --> 02:14:01,720
SLEEP BETTER AND CONSOLIDATE 

3419
02:14:01,720 --> 02:14:03,720
THEIR SLEEP AND WHEN THEY ARE 

3420
02:14:03,720 --> 02:14:04,920
NOT WAKING UP THROUGHOUT THE 

3421
02:14:04,920 --> 02:14:07,360
NIGHT YOU ELONGATE THAT AND THEY

3422
02:14:07,360 --> 02:14:09,760
GET A LONGER SLEEP OPPORTUNITY 

3423
02:14:09,760 --> 02:14:11,440
AND STIMULUS CONTROL THAT IS 

3424
02:14:11,440 --> 02:14:13,640
USING BED AS IT IS INTENDED FOR 

3425
02:14:13,640 --> 02:14:16,040
SLEEP AND DEVICES AND THINGS OF 

3426
02:14:16,040 --> 02:14:18,400
THAT NATURE AND BEHAVIORAL 

3427
02:14:18,400 --> 02:14:19,680
COMPONENT AND ROLLING OUT IN 

3428
02:14:19,680 --> 02:14:21,960
FOUR SESSIONS DONE OVER THE 

3429
02:14:21,960 --> 02:14:23,880
TELEPHONE.  TELEPHONE IS MUCH 

3430
02:14:23,880 --> 02:14:26,520
BETTER AND PREPOST IN TERMS 

3431
02:14:26,520 --> 02:14:30,200
HAVING THEM COME IN WAS LINKED 

3432
02:14:30,200 --> 02:14:31,520
TO CLINICAL VISITS IS EASIER TO 

3433
02:14:31,520 --> 02:14:33,920
DO THAT.  THEY ARE COMING IN AND

3434
02:14:33,920 --> 02:14:36,920
HAVE TRANSPORTATION ARRANGED AND

3435
02:14:36,920 --> 02:14:38,960
POINT BEING IS IF YOU LOOK ABOVE

3436
02:14:38,960 --> 02:14:41,840
AND KNOW I HAVE TO SPEED UP 

3437
02:14:41,840 --> 02:14:42,160
HERE. 

3438
02:14:42,160 --> 02:14:44,760
THIS IS LIMITED AND IS 10 PEOPLE

3439
02:14:44,760 --> 02:14:48,200
THAT ARE RANDOMIZED TO BBTI AND 

3440
02:14:48,200 --> 02:14:51,960
OTHER 10 ARE RANDOMIZED TO 

3441
02:14:51,960 --> 02:14:52,480
MINDFULNESS THAT TREATS 

3442
02:14:52,480 --> 02:14:53,880
EVERYTHING AND WANT TO HAVE IT 

3443
02:14:53,880 --> 02:14:55,960
BE ACTIVE CONTROL TO SEE HOW IT 

3444
02:14:55,960 --> 02:14:57,600
COMPARED AND IMPORTANTLY IF YOU 

3445
02:14:57,600 --> 02:15:00,960
LOOK AT BOTTOM LEFT HERE, ONE --

3446
02:15:00,960 --> 02:15:04,640
WITH FOUR SESSIONS OF BBTI FROM 

3447
02:15:04,640 --> 02:15:06,280
PRETO POST INTERVENTION AND BLUE

3448
02:15:06,280 --> 02:15:08,800
LINE YOU SEE INDIVIDUALS ISI 

3449
02:15:08,800 --> 02:15:10,720
SCORES WERE ROUGHLY 18 AND 

3450
02:15:10,720 --> 02:15:12,920
REDUCED DOWN TO 11 THAT IS A 

3451
02:15:12,920 --> 02:15:15,280
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION AND ONE 

3452
02:15:15,280 --> 02:15:18,160
MONTH LATER THEY STAYED REDUCED 

3453
02:15:18,160 --> 02:15:18,880
WITH MINDFULNESS INTERVENTION 

3454
02:15:18,880 --> 02:15:20,640
SLEEP DIDN'T REALLY IMPROVE AT 

3455
02:15:20,640 --> 02:15:24,000
ALL.  BBTI LOOKS LIKE WHEN 

3456
02:15:24,000 --> 02:15:25,800
DELIVERED TELL FONICALLY COULD 

3457
02:15:25,800 --> 02:15:28,520
BE USEFUL FOR IMPROVING THEIR 

3458
02:15:28,520 --> 02:15:32,240
SLEEP AND IN BBTI CONVENTION OR 

3459
02:15:32,240 --> 02:15:33,680
INTERVENTION, EXCUSE ME.  YOU 

3460
02:15:33,680 --> 02:15:36,400
CAN SEE PAIN INTENSITY DECREASED

3461
02:15:36,400 --> 02:15:38,800
BY ABOUT A POINT AND IMPORTANTLY

3462
02:15:38,800 --> 02:15:41,360
WHEN YOU CREATED CHANGE SCORES 

3463
02:15:41,360 --> 02:15:43,720
IN TERMS WHAT SLEEP IMPROVEMENT 

3464
02:15:43,720 --> 02:15:46,280
WAS RELATIVE TO PAIN IMPROVEMENT

3465
02:15:46,280 --> 02:15:49,560
YOU SEE NICE CORRELATING 

3466
02:15:49,560 --> 02:15:51,160
EMERGING THERE ABOUT TLIE AND 

3467
02:15:51,160 --> 02:15:54,520
BETTER SLEEP IMPROVEMENT YOU GET

3468
02:15:54,520 --> 02:15:58,760
MORE LIKELY PAIN IS TO 

3469
02:15:58,760 --> 02:16:00,000
CONCOMBINNATETIVELY IMPROVE AND 

3470
02:16:00,000 --> 02:16:03,880
ONE THING WE NOTICED TOO WE ARE 

3471
02:16:03,880 --> 02:16:04,520
HAVING TRANSGENDERED INDIVIDUALS

3472
02:16:04,520 --> 02:16:06,120
POP UP WITHOUT TRYING TO RECRUIT

3473
02:16:06,120 --> 02:16:09,040
THEM AND ALL OF A SUDDEN WE WERE

3474
02:16:09,040 --> 02:16:11,680
TAPPING INTO POCKETS AND WITH 

3475
02:16:11,680 --> 02:16:13,960
SNOWBALL RECRUITMENT WE WERE 

3476
02:16:13,960 --> 02:16:15,920
HAVING TRANSGENDER WOMEN AND SEX

3477
02:16:15,920 --> 02:16:17,760
ASSIGNED AT BIRTH AND MALE 

3478
02:16:17,760 --> 02:16:19,680
IDENTITY WOMAN COMING IN AND WE 

3479
02:16:19,680 --> 02:16:22,560
WERE LIKE CAN WE START TO SPIN 

3480
02:16:22,560 --> 02:16:24,160
WHEELS AND STUDY THIS AND IN 

3481
02:16:24,160 --> 02:16:31,880
THIS PILOT STUD PUBLISHED A 

3482
02:16:31,880 --> 02:16:38,760
COUPLE YEARS AGO TRANS WOMEN AND

3483
02:16:38,760 --> 02:16:41,600
FIVE HAPPEN TO BE ON ESTTROE 

3484
02:16:41,600 --> 02:16:44,920
DIAL HORMONE THERAPY AND ALL 

3485
02:16:44,920 --> 02:16:45,800
BLACK AFRICAN AMERICAN ALL 

3486
02:16:45,800 --> 02:16:47,600
LIVING BELOW THE POVERTY LINE 

3487
02:16:47,600 --> 02:16:49,120
AND THERE IS A LOT GOING ON 

3488
02:16:49,120 --> 02:16:51,880
HERE.  I WANT TO SHOW YOU IN THE

3489
02:16:51,880 --> 02:16:54,720
TOP LEFT THAT TRANSGENDER WOMEN 

3490
02:16:54,720 --> 02:16:56,320
HAVE LOWEST HEAT PAIN THRESHOLDS

3491
02:16:56,320 --> 02:17:00,080
AS TOP LEFT OF THE TOP LEFT. 

3492
02:17:00,080 --> 02:17:01,960
BOTTOM LEFT HAVE HIGHEST LEVELS 

3493
02:17:01,960 --> 02:17:04,080
OF CATASTROPHIZING AND HIGHEST 

3494
02:17:04,080 --> 02:17:05,560
DEPRESSION IN THE TOP RIGHT THAT

3495
02:17:05,560 --> 02:17:08,680
IS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER THAN 

3496
02:17:08,680 --> 02:17:10,520
THE CIS MEN. 

3497
02:17:10,520 --> 02:17:10,880
OKAY?  

3498
02:17:10,880 --> 02:17:13,560
WITH QST, WHAT YOU BASICALLY SEE

3499
02:17:13,560 --> 02:17:16,800
HERE IS THAT THE PURPLE IS THE 

3500
02:17:16,800 --> 02:17:20,120
TRANSGENDER WOMEN AND RED IS CIS

3501
02:17:20,120 --> 02:17:22,000
GENDER WOMEN WHO ARE TRACKING 

3502
02:17:22,000 --> 02:17:24,320
EACH OTHER BEING MORTEM PORE 

3503
02:17:24,320 --> 02:17:26,960
ALLEY SUMMATIVE OR PAIN 

3504
02:17:26,960 --> 02:17:28,960
SENSITIVE THAN CIS GENDER MEN 

3505
02:17:28,960 --> 02:17:31,560
AND TEMPORAL SUMMATION IS CHANGE

3506
02:17:31,560 --> 02:17:34,400
SCORES SEEING TRANSGENDER WOMEN 

3507
02:17:34,400 --> 02:17:36,680
ARE SIGNIFICANTLY TEMPORALLY 

3508
02:17:36,680 --> 02:17:38,320
SUMMATIVE NOT SURE IF THAT IS 

3509
02:17:38,320 --> 02:17:40,320
HOW WE DESCRIBE IT STICK WITH ME

3510
02:17:40,320 --> 02:17:41,800
THERE THAN CIS GENDER MEN AND WE

3511
02:17:41,800 --> 02:17:44,240
ARE SEEING HERE A FUNCTION OF 

3512
02:17:44,240 --> 02:17:46,440
IDENTITY AND TRANSJEND ERR WOMEN

3513
02:17:46,440 --> 02:17:49,720
ARE ACTUALLY RESPONDING TO QST 

3514
02:17:49,720 --> 02:17:51,880
SIMILAR TO CIS GENDER WOMEN.  

3515
02:17:51,880 --> 02:17:53,640
ALMOST THERE.  DRAWING ATTENTION

3516
02:17:53,640 --> 02:17:58,880
TO PANEL C, THIS IS HEAT 

3517
02:17:58,880 --> 02:18:00,560
TEMPORAL SUMMATION ON X ASS EM 

3518
02:18:00,560 --> 02:18:02,360
TOTE AND DISCRIMINATION SCORES 

3519
02:18:02,360 --> 02:18:05,200
ON Y ASYMPTOTE AND MOST SORT OF 

3520
02:18:05,200 --> 02:18:06,680
STRONGEST CORRELATION CO 

3521
02:18:06,680 --> 02:18:08,200
EFFICIENT OF DETERMINATION YOU 

3522
02:18:08,200 --> 02:18:10,440
GET ME THERE.  TRANSGENDER WOMEN

3523
02:18:10,440 --> 02:18:12,800
WERE INDICATING GREATER 

3524
02:18:12,800 --> 02:18:14,040
DISCRIMINATION AND SUMMATION OF 

3525
02:18:14,040 --> 02:18:17,000
HEAT PAIN AND PARLAYED THIS INTO

3526
02:18:17,000 --> 02:18:18,440
I WANT TO PAY HOMAGE HERE YOU 

3527
02:18:18,440 --> 02:18:20,680
WILL LIKE THIS PARLAYED THIS TO 

3528
02:18:20,680 --> 02:18:24,120
R01 RECENTLY FUNDED BY NINR 

3529
02:18:24,120 --> 02:18:26,920
STUDYING PAIN SENSITIVITY AND 

3530
02:18:26,920 --> 02:18:28,920
IMMUNE FUNCTION IN TRANSGENDER 

3531
02:18:28,920 --> 02:18:32,440
AND CIS GENDER MEN AND WOMEN AND

3532
02:18:32,440 --> 02:18:34,880
WITHIN TRANSINDIVIDUALS AS 

3533
02:18:34,880 --> 02:18:36,160
FUNCTION OF HORMONE THERAPY TO 

3534
02:18:36,160 --> 02:18:37,760
EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS OUT 

3535
02:18:37,760 --> 02:18:40,400
THERE I THINK WE SUBMITTED IT 

3536
02:18:40,400 --> 02:18:41,560
SIX TIMES BEFORE WE GOT BEST 

3537
02:18:41,560 --> 02:18:44,120
SCORE OF 35 THAT IS NOT FUNDABLE

3538
02:18:44,120 --> 02:18:46,520
AND WHEN APPLYING TO RFA, AS 

3539
02:18:46,520 --> 02:18:48,800
LONG AS 35 IS BETTER THAN 

3540
02:18:48,800 --> 02:18:51,440
EVERYBODY ELSE'S 40S AND 45S AND

3541
02:18:51,440 --> 02:18:53,240
STILL MONEY LEFT OVER YOU GET 

3542
02:18:53,240 --> 02:18:53,480
FUNDED. 

3543
02:18:53,480 --> 02:18:55,640
KEEP GOING AND GET IT IN THERE. 

3544
02:18:55,640 --> 02:18:56,920
ALL RIGHT.  

3545
02:18:56,920 --> 02:18:58,480
YEAH.  LAST BUT NOT LEAST, YOU 

3546
02:18:58,480 --> 02:19:00,520
CAN'T JUST WALK INTO A 

3547
02:19:00,520 --> 02:19:01,960
VULNERABLE COMMUNITY LIKE THIS 

3548
02:19:01,960 --> 02:19:03,880
AND EXPECT FOR THEM TO BE LIKE 

3549
02:19:03,880 --> 02:19:04,920
YOU SEEM SAFE.  WE WILL WORK 

3550
02:19:04,920 --> 02:19:07,720
WITH YOU AND YOU HAVE TO START 

3551
02:19:07,720 --> 02:19:09,640
TO BUILD STREET KRED.  I KNOW I 

3552
02:19:09,640 --> 02:19:13,600
NEED TO STOP.  POINT BEING WE 

3553
02:19:13,600 --> 02:19:17,240
ARE ACTUALLY INTERFACING WITH 

3554
02:19:17,240 --> 02:19:19,600
BIRMINGHAM'S AID OUTREACH AND 

3555
02:19:19,600 --> 02:19:21,840
GENDER FOCUSED ADVOCACY GROUP 

3556
02:19:21,840 --> 02:19:23,840
PAYING THEM CASH TO BUILD 

3557
02:19:23,840 --> 02:19:26,560
DURABLE CONSULTANCY PROVIDING 

3558
02:19:26,560 --> 02:19:28,040
SENSITIVITY TRAINING FOR US AND 

3559
02:19:28,040 --> 02:19:29,880
HELPING US OUT AND WE ARE ALSO 

3560
02:19:29,880 --> 02:19:31,280
WORKING WITH THEM TO SORT OF 

3561
02:19:31,280 --> 02:19:33,480
GAIN A BETTER SORT OF 

3562
02:19:33,480 --> 02:19:34,680
CREDIBILITY IN THE COMMUNITY AND

3563
02:19:34,680 --> 02:19:36,960
IS A LAB THAT MAKES IT ALL 

3564
02:19:36,960 --> 02:19:39,800
POSSIBLE.  THANK YOU.  I'M 

3565
02:19:39,800 --> 02:19:40,040
SORRY. 

3566
02:19:40,040 --> 02:19:44,000
I USED YOUR TWO MINUTES. 

3567
02:19:44,000 --> 02:19:51,760
THANK YOU. 

3568
02:19:51,760 --> 02:20:02,080
>>THANK YOU BUREL. 

3569
02:20:10,200 --> 02:20:11,760
>>YOU'RE WELCOME.  WE
WILL 

3570
02:20:11,760 --> 02:20:14,560
CHANGE A LITTLE OUR FOCUS 

3571
02:20:14,560 --> 02:20:18,240
TALKING ABOUT CHRONIC PAIN 

3572
02:20:18,240 --> 02:20:20,960
DISPARITIES IN OLDER ADULTS AND 

3573
02:20:20,960 --> 02:20:22,880
TALKING ABOUT THIRD DIVIDENDS 

3574
02:20:22,880 --> 02:20:24,160
NOT FAMILIAR TO YOU AND 

3575
02:20:24,160 --> 02:20:25,200
HOPEFULLY WILL HELP YOU THINK 

3576
02:20:25,200 --> 02:20:26,880
ABOUT AGISM THAT WE WILL TALK 

3577
02:20:26,880 --> 02:20:28,680
ABOUT AFTER THAT AND TALK ABOUT 

3578
02:20:28,680 --> 02:20:30,840
WHAT WE ARE LEARNING WITH 

3579
02:20:30,840 --> 02:20:32,920
RESPECT TO CHRONIC PAIN AND 

3580
02:20:32,920 --> 02:20:35,280
OLDER ADULTS AND IF YOU HAD BEEN

3581
02:20:35,280 --> 02:20:37,360
BORN OVER 100 YEARS AGO, YOU 

3582
02:20:37,360 --> 02:20:39,240
WOULD NOT ACTUALLY EXPECT TO 

3583
02:20:39,240 --> 02:20:41,920
LIVE MUCH PAST 65. 

3584
02:20:41,920 --> 02:20:43,840
PROBABLY ACTUALLY NOT MUCH PAST 

3585
02:20:43,840 --> 02:20:44,000
50. 

3586
02:20:44,000 --> 02:20:47,160
AND SO OVER THE PAST 100 YEARS, 

3587
02:20:47,160 --> 02:20:51,440
AS A SPECIES, WE HAVE ACTUALLY 

3588
02:20:51,440 --> 02:20:53,680
GAINED FRANKLY ANOTHER 1/3 OF 

3589
02:20:53,680 --> 02:20:55,280
OUR LIFE AND THE THIRD DIVIDEND 

3590
02:20:55,280 --> 02:20:59,120
THAT IS AMAZING AND IS A GREAT 

3591
02:20:59,120 --> 02:20:59,920
ACCOMPLISHMENT.  WE HAVE NOT 

3592
02:20:59,920 --> 02:21:02,360
ACTUALLY ADAPTED TO THIS SPECIES

3593
02:21:02,360 --> 02:21:04,440
TO THIS ADDITIONAL DIVIDEND WE 

3594
02:21:04,440 --> 02:21:06,320
HAVE.  AS A RESULT, IT IS 

3595
02:21:06,320 --> 02:21:08,480
LEADING TO A LOT OF AGISM. 

3596
02:21:08,480 --> 02:21:10,360
SO, WHAT IS AGISM?  

3597
02:21:10,360 --> 02:21:12,720
IT IS ESSENTIALLY NOT UNLIKE 

3598
02:21:12,720 --> 02:21:15,160
WHAT WE HAVE ACTUALLY HEARD FROM

3599
02:21:15,160 --> 02:21:18,280
BUREL AND ROB.  IT IS A SET OF 

3600
02:21:18,280 --> 02:21:19,680
STEREOTYPES AND PREJUDICES THAT 

3601
02:21:19,680 --> 02:21:22,440
ACTUALLY IN THIS INSTANCE ARE 

3602
02:21:22,440 --> 02:21:23,920
FOCUSED ON PEOPLE'S AGE. 

3603
02:21:23,920 --> 02:21:25,640
THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT 

3604
02:21:25,640 --> 02:21:28,280
VARIATIONS THAT ARE IN OTHER 

3605
02:21:28,280 --> 02:21:32,760
KINDS OF ISMS AND STRUCTURAL 

3606
02:21:32,760 --> 02:21:33,640
INTERPERSONAL INSTITUTIONAL AND 

3607
02:21:33,640 --> 02:21:33,960
INDIVIDUAL. 

3608
02:21:33,960 --> 02:21:35,640
I THINK WHAT IS PARTICULARLY 

3609
02:21:35,640 --> 02:21:38,840
INTERESTING ABOUT AGISM, 

3610
02:21:38,840 --> 02:21:40,480
HOWEVER, IS HOW MUCH IS 

3611
02:21:40,480 --> 02:21:43,480
SELF-FOCUSED AND IN OTHER WORDS 

3612
02:21:43,480 --> 02:21:46,520
IS LOTS OF SELF-AGISM THAT SEEMS

3613
02:21:46,520 --> 02:21:47,440
TO BE CONTRIBUTING TO LOTS OF 

3614
02:21:47,440 --> 02:21:49,320
THESE SORT OF FACTORS AND 

3615
02:21:49,320 --> 02:21:51,440
NEGATIVE OUTCOMES WE SEE 

3616
02:21:51,440 --> 02:21:52,560
ASSOCIATED WITH AGISM IN 

3617
02:21:52,560 --> 02:21:53,640
ADDITION TO OTHER THINGS. 

3618
02:21:53,640 --> 02:21:58,240
IF YOU LOOK HERE, I WANT YOU TO 

3619
02:21:58,240 --> 02:21:59,280
PARTICULARLY NOTICE THE FAR LEFT

3620
02:21:59,280 --> 02:22:01,600
COLUMN THAT IS ESSENTIALLY THE 

3621
02:22:01,600 --> 02:22:04,000
NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO AS A RESULT

3622
02:22:04,000 --> 02:22:06,240
OF AGISM ARE DENIED ACCESS TO 

3623
02:22:06,240 --> 02:22:07,480
HEALTH SERVICES AND TREATMENTS 

3624
02:22:07,480 --> 02:22:09,520
THAT IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT 

3625
02:22:09,520 --> 02:22:11,200
WHEN TALKING ABOUT CHRONIC PAIN 

3626
02:22:11,200 --> 02:22:15,560
AND CHRONIC PAIN IN OLDER 

3627
02:22:15,560 --> 02:22:15,800
ADULTS. 

3628
02:22:15,800 --> 02:22:17,520
CHRONIC PAIN IS A COMMON 

3629
02:22:17,520 --> 02:22:19,320
PHENOMENON OF OLDER ADULTS THAT 

3630
02:22:19,320 --> 02:22:21,840
GROWS AS WE GET OLDER AND NOT 

3631
02:22:21,840 --> 02:22:24,240
ONLY DOES IT GROW AS WE GET 

3632
02:22:24,240 --> 02:22:27,000
OLDER BUT GROWS IN IMPACT ON OUR

3633
02:22:27,000 --> 02:22:27,600
WELLBEING. 

3634
02:22:27,600 --> 02:22:29,960
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT 

3635
02:22:29,960 --> 02:22:31,120
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL OF PAIN 

3636
02:22:31,120 --> 02:22:33,560
THAT YOU ALREADY HAVE HEARD OF 

3637
02:22:33,560 --> 02:22:35,600
FROM ROB THERE IS IF NEW FACTORS

3638
02:22:35,600 --> 02:22:37,880
PLAYING INCREASING ROLE WHEN WE 

3639
02:22:37,880 --> 02:22:40,240
GET OLDER IN THAT STARTING TO 

3640
02:22:40,240 --> 02:22:41,640
COLLECT THINGS AND START TO 

3641
02:22:41,640 --> 02:22:44,000
COLLECT THINGS AT VARIOUS FORMS 

3642
02:22:44,000 --> 02:22:45,240
OF CHRONIC CONDITIONS THAT WE 

3643
02:22:45,240 --> 02:22:47,840
MAY BE COLLECTING VARIOUS WAYS 

3644
02:22:47,840 --> 02:22:49,400
OF PSYCH LODGE CALLING COPING 

3645
02:22:49,400 --> 02:22:51,600
THAT WE MAY BE EXPERIENCING 

3646
02:22:51,600 --> 02:22:53,320
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ERODING 

3647
02:22:53,320 --> 02:22:54,720
SOCIAL SUPPORT. 

3648
02:22:54,720 --> 02:22:56,920
AND WE MAY BE EXPERIENCING 

3649
02:22:56,920 --> 02:22:58,360
AGEISM IN ADDITION TO A NUMBER 

3650
02:22:58,360 --> 02:23:01,440
OF OTHER FACTORS YOU SEE ON THE 

3651
02:23:01,440 --> 02:23:02,320
SLIDE THERE. 

3652
02:23:02,320 --> 02:23:04,200
THE SAD PART IS WE HAVE ACTUALLY

3653
02:23:04,200 --> 02:23:06,040
VERY, VERY LITTLE DATA ON 

3654
02:23:06,040 --> 02:23:08,600
CHRONIC PAIN AND OLDER ADULTS 

3655
02:23:08,600 --> 02:23:12,080
AND MOST LARGE PAIN STUDIES THAT

3656
02:23:12,080 --> 02:23:13,520
ARE NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE IN

3657
02:23:13,520 --> 02:23:14,960
THE GENERAL POPULATION THAT 

3658
02:23:14,960 --> 02:23:16,520
THERE IS VERY LITTLE ATTENTION 

3659
02:23:16,520 --> 02:23:18,400
TO OLDER ADULTS AND WE WERE 

3660
02:23:18,400 --> 02:23:20,000
FORTUNATE TO BE FUNDED BY 

3661
02:23:20,000 --> 02:23:21,280
NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING TO 

3662
02:23:21,280 --> 02:23:23,120
DO NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE 

3663
02:23:23,120 --> 02:23:25,960
STUDY OF CHRONIC PAIN IN OLDER 

3664
02:23:25,960 --> 02:23:26,680
ADULTS. 

3665
02:23:26,680 --> 02:23:28,600
ESSENTIALLY, WHAT THE STUDY IS, 

3666
02:23:28,600 --> 02:23:30,800
IS IT USES PARTNERSHIP WITH 

3667
02:23:30,800 --> 02:23:32,920
NATIONAL OUTCOMES RESEARCH 

3668
02:23:32,920 --> 02:23:35,360
CENTER AT UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO 

3669
02:23:35,360 --> 02:23:37,880
AND A PANEL TO UNDERSTAND 

3670
02:23:37,880 --> 02:23:39,920
CHRONIC PAIN PREVALENCE AND LOOK

3671
02:23:39,920 --> 02:23:42,120
ALSO AT SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF 

3672
02:23:42,120 --> 02:23:44,920
CHRONIC PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS AND

3673
02:23:44,920 --> 02:23:46,840
LONGITUDINALLY OVER TIME HOW 

3674
02:23:46,840 --> 02:23:48,560
THAT EFFECTS COGNITIVE FUNCTION 

3675
02:23:48,560 --> 02:23:49,800
AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND 

3676
02:23:49,800 --> 02:23:50,760
QUALITY OF LIFE. 

3677
02:23:50,760 --> 02:23:52,920
AND WHAT WE FOUND SO FAR IN THAT

3678
02:23:52,920 --> 02:23:55,960
WE HAVE JUST COMPLETED THE 

3679
02:23:55,960 --> 02:23:58,240
BASELINE ASSESSMENTS FOR THE -- 

3680
02:23:58,240 --> 02:24:01,200
THIS PARTICULAR STUDY IS THAT 

3681
02:24:01,200 --> 02:24:05,560
THERE ARE NOT UNLIKE OTHER 

3682
02:24:05,560 --> 02:24:07,200
NATIONAL STUDIES LARGE 

3683
02:24:07,200 --> 02:24:09,520
PROPORTION OF OLDER ADULTS 

3684
02:24:09,520 --> 02:24:11,480
EXPERIENCING CHRONIC PAIN AND 

3685
02:24:11,480 --> 02:24:13,560
DON'T SEE THINGS INCREASED THAT 

3686
02:24:13,560 --> 02:24:15,680
YOU SEE IN OTHER STUDIES I 

3687
02:24:15,680 --> 02:24:19,800
SHOWED YOU YOU SEE AS WE GET 

3688
02:24:19,800 --> 02:24:24,400
OLDER IN 85 YEAR GROUP FASTEST 

3689
02:24:24,400 --> 02:24:28,480
GROWING AGE GROUP IN OUR COUNTRY

3690
02:24:28,480 --> 02:24:31,400
CLOSE TO 4/10 OF INDIVIDUALS ARE

3691
02:24:31,400 --> 02:24:33,440
EXPERIENCING CHRONIC PAIN AND 

3692
02:24:33,440 --> 02:24:35,720
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT ETHNICITY 

3693
02:24:35,720 --> 02:24:37,840
AND RACE, WE SEE THAT THERE IS 

3694
02:24:37,840 --> 02:24:39,920
ACTUALLY A LOT OF VARIABILITY IN

3695
02:24:39,920 --> 02:24:41,120
PEOPLE'S EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC 

3696
02:24:41,120 --> 02:24:43,040
PAIN AND BASED ON WHAT WE HEARD 

3697
02:24:43,040 --> 02:24:44,360
ABOUT FROM ROB THIS SHOULD COME 

3698
02:24:44,360 --> 02:24:47,080
AS NO SURPRISE TO US THAT 

3699
02:24:47,080 --> 02:24:49,440
PEOPLES EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC 

3700
02:24:49,440 --> 02:24:52,880
PAIN IS A FUNCTION OF IT THEIR 

3701
02:24:52,880 --> 02:24:53,200
BACKGROUNDS. 

3702
02:24:53,200 --> 02:24:55,240
WHAT WE ALSO SEE IS THAT CHRONIC

3703
02:24:55,240 --> 02:24:57,360
PAIN IS MUCH MORE LIKELY IF WE 

3704
02:24:57,360 --> 02:25:00,240
ARE COMING FROM LESS -- A LESS 

3705
02:25:00,240 --> 02:25:02,040
WELL RESOURCED SETTING THAT IS 

3706
02:25:02,040 --> 02:25:06,280
IN ADDITION TO THAT, THAT AGISM 

3707
02:25:06,280 --> 02:25:07,800
AND DISCRIMINATION DO INFORM 

3708
02:25:07,800 --> 02:25:09,520
CHRONIC PAIN.  THESE ARE 

3709
02:25:09,520 --> 02:25:14,160
ACTUALLY SCALES YOU SEE ON THE Y

3710
02:25:14,160 --> 02:25:16,480
ACCESS THAT IF YOU EXPERIENCE 

3711
02:25:16,480 --> 02:25:19,040
HIGHER LEVELS OF AGISM OR OF 

3712
02:25:19,040 --> 02:25:20,680
DISCRIMINATION YOU ARE MUCH MORE

3713
02:25:20,680 --> 02:25:23,800
LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE CHRONIC 

3714
02:25:23,800 --> 02:25:24,000
PAIN. 

3715
02:25:24,000 --> 02:25:26,000
AND SPECIFICALLY THINKING ABOUT 

3716
02:25:26,000 --> 02:25:28,440
AGISM, WE SAW THAT ABOUT 31% OF 

3717
02:25:28,440 --> 02:25:30,680
PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND 

3718
02:25:30,680 --> 02:25:34,040
CLINICIANS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED 

3719
02:25:34,040 --> 02:25:36,680
WITH ANY AILMENT IT THEY WERE 

3720
02:25:36,680 --> 02:25:37,880
EXPERIENCING AS FUNCTION OF AGE 

3721
02:25:37,880 --> 02:25:40,920
AND ESSENTIALLY THEIR PAIN WAS 

3722
02:25:40,920 --> 02:25:42,160
WRITTEN OFF.  

3723
02:25:42,160 --> 02:25:44,520
THIS WAS TWO FOLD HIGHER AND 

3724
02:25:44,520 --> 02:25:46,040
HIGHER RATE THAN PEOPLE THAT ARE

3725
02:25:46,040 --> 02:25:49,800
ACTUALLY NOT EXPERIENCING 

3726
02:25:49,800 --> 02:25:50,880
CHRONIC PAIN.  

3727
02:25:50,880 --> 02:25:52,960
WHAT WE ALSO SEE IS THAT PEOPLE 

3728
02:25:52,960 --> 02:25:57,400
WHO ARE EXPERIENCING AGISM AND 

3729
02:25:57,400 --> 02:25:58,600
DISCRIMINATION EXPERIENCE HIGHER

3730
02:25:58,600 --> 02:26:02,040
LEVELS OF PAIN-RELATED DIFFICULT

3731
02:26:02,040 --> 02:26:06,480
AND LOWER SELF-EFFICACY FOR PAIN

3732
02:26:06,480 --> 02:26:10,720
MANAGEMENT AND HIGHER PAIN 

3733
02:26:10,720 --> 02:26:11,040
INTENSITY. 

3734
02:26:11,040 --> 02:26:14,000
WE ARE ALSO SEEING THAT THIS -- 

3735
02:26:14,000 --> 02:26:16,200
IN GENERAL AS I MENTIONED 

3736
02:26:16,200 --> 02:26:17,800
EARLIER IN OLDER ADULTS THAT 

3737
02:26:17,800 --> 02:26:19,360
THEY ARE MORE LIKELY TO 

3738
02:26:19,360 --> 02:26:21,200
EXPERIENCE PROBLEMS WITH ACCESS 

3739
02:26:21,200 --> 02:26:25,920
TO CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT 

3740
02:26:25,920 --> 02:26:28,600
PROGRAMS AND WOULD SAY 

3741
02:26:28,600 --> 02:26:31,840
PSYCHOLOGICALLY SUPPORTED AND 

3742
02:26:31,840 --> 02:26:33,280
INFORMED PROGRAMS AND EVEN THEN 

3743
02:26:33,280 --> 02:26:35,080
MANY PEOPLE DON'T GO OVER 1/3 OF

3744
02:26:35,080 --> 02:26:36,880
PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND 

3745
02:26:36,880 --> 02:26:38,440
DON'T KNOW WHERE TO GO FOR 

3746
02:26:38,440 --> 02:26:40,080
PROFESSIONAL CARE AND ABOUT A 

3747
02:26:40,080 --> 02:26:42,640
21% HAVE PROBLEMS WITH 

3748
02:26:42,640 --> 02:26:44,040
TRANSPORTATION OR TRAVELING TO 

3749
02:26:44,040 --> 02:26:46,360
APPOINTMENTS AND 1/3 ARE NOT 

3750
02:26:46,360 --> 02:26:48,480
ABLE TO AFFORD FINANCIAL COSTS 

3751
02:26:48,480 --> 02:26:51,920
INVOLVED AND MIGHT BE AWARE THAT

3752
02:26:51,920 --> 02:26:57,800
MANY CHRONIC PAIN PROGRAMS WON'T

3753
02:26:57,800 --> 02:27:02,000
TAKE MEDICARE AS FORM INSURANCE 

3754
02:27:02,000 --> 02:27:05,000
PAYMENT AND ARE CONCERNS ABOUT 

3755
02:27:05,000 --> 02:27:07,200
TREATMENTS AVAILABLE AND RESULT 

3756
02:27:07,200 --> 02:27:10,280
OF HALF DON'T SEEK ACCESS FOR 

3757
02:27:10,280 --> 02:27:13,560
PAIN SUPPORT RESULT OF OTHER 

3758
02:27:13,560 --> 02:27:15,280
SENSE THAT THERE IS NOT ANYTHING

3759
02:27:15,280 --> 02:27:16,400
THAT OTHERS COULD DO FOR THEM 

3760
02:27:16,400 --> 02:27:19,320
AND CHRONIC PAIN AND SERIOUS 

3761
02:27:19,320 --> 02:27:20,920
ILLNESS PREVENTS PARTICULARLY 

3762
02:27:20,920 --> 02:27:23,680
UNIQUE CLINICAL CHALLENGES 

3763
02:27:23,680 --> 02:27:25,720
BECAUSE WE HAVE LACK OF CLARITY 

3764
02:27:25,720 --> 02:27:36,520
WHEN SOMEONE IS EXPERIENCING A  

3765
02:27:48,200 --> 02:27:49,920
GUIDELINES THEY ARE OR ARE NOT 

3766
02:27:49,920 --> 02:27:52,080
FOLLOWING AND MANY WITH CHRONIC 

3767
02:27:52,080 --> 02:27:53,920
PAIN THAT EXPERIENCE SERIOUS 

3768
02:27:53,920 --> 02:27:55,720
ILLNESS THAT HAS PAIN THAT 

3769
02:27:55,720 --> 02:27:59,120
ACTUALLY PRECEDES THEIR SERIOUS 

3770
02:27:59,120 --> 02:28:00,920
ILLNESS AND THAT MULTI-SITE PAIN

3771
02:28:00,920 --> 02:28:04,920
FACTOR IS IGNORED AND GENERALLY 

3772
02:28:04,920 --> 02:28:06,520
SPEAKING INTEGRATIVE BEHAVIORAL 

3773
02:28:06,520 --> 02:28:08,920
PAIN MANAGEMENT IS OFRNL NOT 

3774
02:28:08,920 --> 02:28:10,960
TAILORED TO PEOPLE WITH SERIOUS 

3775
02:28:10,960 --> 02:28:13,880
CHRONIC ILLNESS AND OLDER ADULTS

3776
02:28:13,880 --> 02:28:14,840
CONSTITUTE PATIENTS WITH CANCER 

3777
02:28:14,840 --> 02:28:17,000
THAT IS ONE OF THE SERIOUS 

3778
02:28:17,000 --> 02:28:18,640
ILLNESSES AND FOR THAT REASON WE

3779
02:28:18,640 --> 02:28:20,760
ARE PARTICULARLY INTERESTED IN 

3780
02:28:20,760 --> 02:28:23,160
LOOKING AT HOW OPIOID THERAPY IS

3781
02:28:23,160 --> 02:28:24,480
USED IN PEOPLE WITH ADVANCED 

3782
02:28:24,480 --> 02:28:26,480
CANCER TRYING TO SEE WHETHER OR 

3783
02:28:26,480 --> 02:28:29,280
NOT THERE ARE NET BENEFITS OR 

3784
02:28:29,280 --> 02:28:31,120
HARMS IN WAY THAT OPIOIDS ARE 

3785
02:28:31,120 --> 02:28:32,720
USED IN THIS POPULATION AND IS A

3786
02:28:32,720 --> 02:28:35,600
STUDY THAT IS ONGOING FUNDED BY 

3787
02:28:35,600 --> 02:28:36,920
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR NURSING 

3788
02:28:36,920 --> 02:28:38,680
RESEARCH THAT IS REALLY TRYING 

3789
02:28:38,680 --> 02:28:40,600
TO UNDERSTAND THIS RELATIONSHIP 

3790
02:28:40,600 --> 02:28:42,640
BETWEEN OPIOID THERAPY AND 

3791
02:28:42,640 --> 02:28:45,200
RELATED BENEFITS AND RISK 

3792
02:28:45,200 --> 02:28:47,760
FACTORS FOR OPIOID RELATED HARMS

3793
02:28:47,760 --> 02:28:49,320
AND WHAT PEOPLE ARE THINKING 

3794
02:28:49,320 --> 02:28:50,560
CLINICIANS AND PEOPLE LIVING 

3795
02:28:50,560 --> 02:28:53,360
WITH SERIOUS ILLNESS ABOUT THIS 

3796
02:28:53,360 --> 02:28:55,400
OPIOID RELATED DECISION MAKING 

3797
02:28:55,400 --> 02:28:57,480
THAT IS IT EVEN A CONVERSATION 

3798
02:28:57,480 --> 02:28:59,080
OF SHARED DECISION MAKING?  

3799
02:28:59,080 --> 02:29:01,640
WHAT INTERVENTIONS MIGHT THEN 

3800
02:29:01,640 --> 02:29:02,760
INFORM OPIOID RELATED DECISION 

3801
02:29:02,760 --> 02:29:04,600
MAKING IN THE FUTURE?  

3802
02:29:04,600 --> 02:29:07,120
WE ARE ALSO ENGAGED IN A NUMBER 

3803
02:29:07,120 --> 02:29:09,840
OF CLINICAL TRIALS TO TRY TO 

3804
02:29:09,840 --> 02:29:11,520
UNDERSTAND HOW TO BETTER SUPPORT

3805
02:29:11,520 --> 02:29:15,440
PEOPLE OR OLDER ADULTS LIVING 

3806
02:29:15,440 --> 02:29:20,320
WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND STUDY THAT

3807
02:29:20,320 --> 02:29:22,040
NPI DID CALLED ACTIVE BRAIN 

3808
02:29:22,040 --> 02:29:25,800
STUDY AND IN THIS STUDY WE ARE 

3809
02:29:25,800 --> 02:29:30,680
TRYING TO AVOID CHRONIC PAIN 

3810
02:29:30,680 --> 02:29:32,680
DISABILITY SPIRAL WE SEE IN 

3811
02:29:32,680 --> 02:29:34,640
OLDER ADULTS AND BECAUSE OF 

3812
02:29:34,640 --> 02:29:35,920
NARRATIVE OF PAIN THEY DECREASE 

3813
02:29:35,920 --> 02:29:38,760
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEADING TO 

3814
02:29:38,760 --> 02:29:40,920
EXACERBATION OF THE PAIN AND 

3815
02:29:40,920 --> 02:29:44,080
HELPING TO BREAK THAT DISABILITY

3816
02:29:44,080 --> 02:29:48,360
SPIRAL THROUGH MIND BODY 

3817
02:29:48,360 --> 02:29:49,960
ACTIVITY PROGRAM AND PROGRAM IS 

3818
02:29:49,960 --> 02:29:52,960
THROUGH NUMBER OF NIH STAGE 

3819
02:29:52,960 --> 02:29:56,400
MODELS AND CURRENTLY AT MODEL 2 

3820
02:29:56,400 --> 02:29:58,480
DOING VIRTUAL EFFICACY CLINICAL 

3821
02:29:58,480 --> 02:30:02,680
TRIAL OF OLDER ADULTS LIVING 

3822
02:30:02,680 --> 02:30:04,960
WITH CHRONIC PAIN TO SEE HOW 

3823
02:30:04,960 --> 02:30:08,360
INTERVENTION INFLUENCES OUTCOMES

3824
02:30:08,360 --> 02:30:11,400
AND AS I MENTIONED PEOPLE 

3825
02:30:11,400 --> 02:30:12,800
EXPERIENCE PROFOUND DISPARITIES 

3826
02:30:12,800 --> 02:30:15,200
TO ACCESS TO CHRONIC PAIN 

3827
02:30:15,200 --> 02:30:18,680
MANAGEMENT THAT WE WERE 

3828
02:30:18,680 --> 02:30:20,080
PARTICULARLY INSPIRED BY 

3829
02:30:20,080 --> 02:30:21,880
OPPORTUNITY TO WORK WITH 

3830
02:30:21,880 --> 02:30:24,960
COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER 

3831
02:30:24,960 --> 02:30:26,680
PREDOMINANTLY SUPPORTING 

3832
02:30:26,680 --> 02:30:28,560
DISADVANTAGED POPULATIONS AS 

3833
02:30:28,560 --> 02:30:29,160
POPULATIONS THAT HAVE LIMIT 

3834
02:30:29,160 --> 02:30:31,200
ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY AND

3835
02:30:31,200 --> 02:30:32,920
MIGHT BE SPANISH SPEAKING AND 

3836
02:30:32,920 --> 02:30:35,320
COME FROM LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC 

3837
02:30:35,320 --> 02:30:38,800
BACKGROUNDS AND IN THIS STUDY WE

3838
02:30:38,800 --> 02:30:42,640
ARE ESSENTIALLY INCORPORATING 

3839
02:30:42,640 --> 02:30:43,640
EVIDENCE-BASED MIND BODY 

3840
02:30:43,640 --> 02:30:45,240
ACTIVITY PROGRAM IN THIS 

3841
02:30:45,240 --> 02:30:46,800
COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER THROUGH 

3842
02:30:46,800 --> 02:30:50,680
A GROUP VISIT PROGRAM AND WITH 

3843
02:30:50,680 --> 02:30:53,960
TRAINING NONBEHAVIORAL HEALTH 

3844
02:30:53,960 --> 02:30:55,280
INTERVENTIONISTS WITH THE GOAL 

3845
02:30:55,280 --> 02:30:59,600
THAT MIGHT PROVIDE INCREASED 

3846
02:30:59,600 --> 02:31:00,000
SUSTAINABILITY. 

3847
02:31:00,000 --> 02:31:02,240
GET ACTIVE SKILLS ARE ONES YOU 

3848
02:31:02,240 --> 02:31:03,360
HEARD ALREADY THROUGHOUT THE 

3849
02:31:03,360 --> 02:31:05,640
MORNING AND ARE THINGS RELATING 

3850
02:31:05,640 --> 02:31:08,280
TO MINDFULNESS DEEP BREATHING 

3851
02:31:08,280 --> 02:31:09,880
BODY SCAN MINDFULNESS OF PAIN 

3852
02:31:09,880 --> 02:31:12,880
AND ACCEPTANCE AND CHALLENGING 

3853
02:31:12,880 --> 02:31:14,360
NEGATIVE THOUGHTS WITH ALSO 

3854
02:31:14,360 --> 02:31:16,200
WALKING GOALS THAT ARE BASED 

3855
02:31:16,200 --> 02:31:18,200
PACING AND WALKING ACTIVITY 

3856
02:31:18,200 --> 02:31:21,240
MONITORING AND ATTENTION TO 

3857
02:31:21,240 --> 02:31:25,160
DISABILITY SPIRAL. 

3858
02:31:25,160 --> 02:31:26,840
FINDINGS TO DATE IS ENGAGING 

3859
02:31:26,840 --> 02:31:28,920
STUDY TO BEGIN WITH AND MANY 

3860
02:31:28,920 --> 02:31:31,320
BARRIERS TO OVERCOME AND WE NOW 

3861
02:31:31,320 --> 02:31:32,360
ACTUALLY STARTED WITH THE 

3862
02:31:32,360 --> 02:31:35,120
INTERVENTION SEEING TREMENDOUS 

3863
02:31:35,120 --> 02:31:36,680
ENTHUSIASM BY STUDY PARTICIPANTS

3864
02:31:36,680 --> 02:31:39,040
FOR THIS KIND OF CHRONIC PAIN 

3865
02:31:39,040 --> 02:31:40,480
MANAGEMENT THAT MANY OF THEM OR 

3866
02:31:40,480 --> 02:31:42,200
ALL OF THEM HAVE NOT EXPERIENCED

3867
02:31:42,200 --> 02:31:44,600
AT ALL BEFORE.  WE ARE SEEING 

3868
02:31:44,600 --> 02:31:46,480
LOTS OF INTEREST FOR OUR 

3869
02:31:46,480 --> 02:31:48,920
SPANISH-SPEAKING PATIENTS AND WE

3870
02:31:48,920 --> 02:31:51,160
ARE ENGAGING IN SPANISH-SPEAKING

3871
02:31:51,160 --> 02:31:52,920
PILOT AND GOAL IS ULTIMATELY TO 

3872
02:31:52,920 --> 02:31:54,640
FIGURE OUT HOW TO USE 

3873
02:31:54,640 --> 02:31:56,560
INTERPRETERS OR OTHER TOOLS TO 

3874
02:31:56,560 --> 02:31:59,120
SUPPORT THE 50 OTHER LANGUAGES 

3875
02:31:59,120 --> 02:32:01,360
THAT ARE SPOKEN IN THE CLINIC 

3876
02:32:01,360 --> 02:32:02,800
WHO ARE CURRENTLY NOT 

3877
02:32:02,800 --> 02:32:04,760
NECESSARILY ABLE TO ACCESS THIS 

3878
02:32:04,760 --> 02:32:05,400
KIND OF SUPPORT. 

3879
02:32:05,400 --> 02:32:10,800
SO, TAKEAWAYS, FIRST OF ALL, 

3880
02:32:10,800 --> 02:32:21,320
OLDER ADULTS WITH -- PAIN LEADS 

3881
02:32:25,000 --> 02:32:27,160
TO DISPROPORTIONATE DECLINES 

3882
02:32:27,160 --> 02:32:28,320
COGNITION AND QUALITY OF LIFE 

3883
02:32:28,320 --> 02:32:31,840
AND TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 

3884
02:32:31,840 --> 02:32:33,840
MECHANISMS THROUGH THIS 

3885
02:32:33,840 --> 02:32:34,760
LONGITUDINAL STUDY WE ARE 

3886
02:32:34,760 --> 02:32:38,800
ENGAGING IN NOW AND THINK THAT 

3887
02:32:38,800 --> 02:32:40,640
AGISM AND DISCRIMINATION 

3888
02:32:40,640 --> 02:32:42,760
EXACERBATE CHRONIC PAIN AND SEE 

3889
02:32:42,760 --> 02:32:46,040
FROM BASELINE CROSS-SECTIONAL 

3890
02:32:46,040 --> 02:32:48,840
DATA THERE IS AT LEAST AN 

3891
02:32:48,840 --> 02:32:49,920
ASSOCIATION AND WE BELIEVE YOU 

3892
02:32:49,920 --> 02:32:53,760
HEAR FROM ALL PANELISTS WILL 

3893
02:32:53,760 --> 02:32:57,800
TAKE A PERSONALIZED APPROACH 

3894
02:32:57,800 --> 02:33:00,120
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THESE 

3895
02:33:00,120 --> 02:33:02,800
MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH NEGATIVE

3896
02:33:02,800 --> 02:33:04,320
OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH PAIN 

3897
02:33:04,320 --> 02:33:06,520
AND THANKING VARIOUS SUPPORTIVE 

3898
02:33:06,520 --> 02:33:08,600
AGENCIES THAT SUPPORTED OUR WORK

3899
02:33:08,600 --> 02:33:09,960
ALONG WITH AMAZING COLLEAGUES 

3900
02:33:09,960 --> 02:33:13,640
AND COLLABORATORS. 

3901
02:33:13,640 --> 02:33:21,120
THANK YOU.  

3902
02:33:21,120 --> 02:33:23,200
>>THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR
YOUR 

3903
02:33:23,200 --> 02:33:23,560
PRESENTATIONS. 

3904
02:33:23,560 --> 02:33:24,640
WE HAVE TIME FOR QUESTIONS IF 

3905
02:33:24,640 --> 02:33:25,760
PEOPLE HAVE QUESTIONS. 

3906
02:33:25,760 --> 02:33:27,800
I HAVE ONE I WOULD LIKE TO START

3907
02:33:27,800 --> 02:33:29,360
OUT WITH THAT IS AMR.ICABLE FOR 

3908
02:33:29,360 --> 02:33:32,800
ALL OF YOU.  ALL OF YOU TALKED 

3909
02:33:32,800 --> 02:33:37,240
ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF REALLY 

3910
02:33:37,240 --> 02:33:38,840
FINDING OUT THE INDIVIDUAL'S 

3911
02:33:38,840 --> 02:33:39,840
CHARACTERISTICS NOT GROUP THEY 

3912
02:33:39,840 --> 02:33:42,440
ARE IN OR OTHER THINGS AND I 

3913
02:33:42,440 --> 02:33:43,880
CAME FROM PALLIATIVE CARE 

3914
02:33:43,880 --> 02:33:45,880
BACKGROUND AND LOOKING AT WHAT 

3915
02:33:45,880 --> 02:33:46,800
THE INDIVIDUAL'S BELIEFS AND 

3916
02:33:46,800 --> 02:33:49,120
PREFERENCES AND VALUES ARE. 

3917
02:33:49,120 --> 02:33:54,000
HOW DO YOU INCORPORATE THAT 

3918
02:33:54,000 --> 02:33:54,320
CLINICALLY?  

3919
02:33:54,320 --> 02:33:56,800
>>I'M HAPPY TO START. 

3920
02:33:56,800 --> 02:33:59,120
ALSO, COMING FROM -- ALSO COMING

3921
02:33:59,120 --> 02:34:00,600
FROM A PALLIATIVE CARE 

3922
02:34:00,600 --> 02:34:03,320
BACKGROUND WE REALLY THINK ABOUT

3923
02:34:03,320 --> 02:34:05,840
THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF 

3924
02:34:05,840 --> 02:34:07,440
BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND

3925
02:34:07,440 --> 02:34:09,160
SOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL SUFFERING 

3926
02:34:09,160 --> 02:34:10,840
AND OTHER LIVED EXPERIENCES THAT

3927
02:34:10,840 --> 02:34:13,760
PEOPLE HAVE THAT THEY BRING TO 

3928
02:34:13,760 --> 02:34:16,960
THEIR ILLNESS OR LIVED JOURNEY 

3929
02:34:16,960 --> 02:34:18,360
WITH CHRONIC PAIN. 

3930
02:34:18,360 --> 02:34:21,360
I THINK THE STARTING POINT IS AN

3931
02:34:21,360 --> 02:34:22,760
ASSESSMENT TOOL THAT ADDRESSES 

3932
02:34:22,760 --> 02:34:24,200
ACTUALLY ALL OF THOSE AND TELL 

3933
02:34:24,200 --> 02:34:26,160
YOU BY AND LARGE THAT IS NOT 

3934
02:34:26,160 --> 02:34:27,560
WHAT HAPPENS IN HEALTH CARE AND 

3935
02:34:27,560 --> 02:34:29,680
BY AND LARGE WHAT HAPPENS IN 

3936
02:34:29,680 --> 02:34:31,680
HEALTH CARE IS IF WE ARE LUCKY, 

3937
02:34:31,680 --> 02:34:33,960
PEOPLE ASK ABOUT PAIN PERIOD. 

3938
02:34:33,960 --> 02:34:36,920
THEY MAY ASK USING A VISUAL 

3939
02:34:36,920 --> 02:34:38,800
ANALOG SCALE IF WE ARE LUCKY 

3940
02:34:38,800 --> 02:34:40,520
THEY MIGHT ASK ABOUT IMPACT ON 

3941
02:34:40,520 --> 02:34:42,120
FUNCTION THAT IS AS FAR AS IT 

3942
02:34:42,120 --> 02:34:43,880
GOES AND OPPORTUNITY TO REALLY 

3943
02:34:43,880 --> 02:34:44,920
DIG DEEPER INTO UNDERSTANDING 

3944
02:34:44,920 --> 02:34:47,360
WHAT IS GOING ON SO THAT YOU CAN

3945
02:34:47,360 --> 02:34:48,840
PROVIDE PERSONALIZED CARE IS 

3946
02:34:48,840 --> 02:34:52,600
SOMETHING THAT I THINK THAT WE 

3947
02:34:52,600 --> 02:34:59,640
CAN REALLY PUSH FORWARD ON. 

3948
02:34:59,640 --> 02:35:02,200
>>THAT WAS MUCH MORE
ARTICULATE

3949
02:35:02,200 --> 02:35:04,040
THAN I DON'T KNOW. 

3950
02:35:04,040 --> 02:35:07,840
I FEEL LIKE THERE IS A CHASM 

3951
02:35:07,840 --> 02:35:11,400
RIGHT NOW BETWEEN WHAT WE ARE 

3952
02:35:11,400 --> 02:35:12,920
SAYING ON THE STAGE TODAY IN 

3953
02:35:12,920 --> 02:35:14,480
SPONLS TO RESEARCH WE DO AND 

3954
02:35:14,480 --> 02:35:18,680
RELATIVE TO HOW IT TRANSLATES TO

3955
02:35:18,680 --> 02:35:20,680
CLINICAL CARE THAT THE FIGHT IS 

3956
02:35:20,680 --> 02:35:22,000
WORTH FIGHTING AND FIGURING 

3957
02:35:22,000 --> 02:35:23,200
THINGS OUT AND HONEST TO 

3958
02:35:23,200 --> 02:35:24,880
GOODNESS S ANSWER NOW IS I DON'T

3959
02:35:24,880 --> 02:35:26,720
-- I DON'T KNOW.  I DON'T KNOW 

3960
02:35:26,720 --> 02:35:28,440
EXACTLY HOW WE WILL DO THAT. 

3961
02:35:28,440 --> 02:35:30,400
IT IS SUPER IMPORTANT, BUT THERE

3962
02:35:30,400 --> 02:35:32,760
WAS SO MANY THINGS THAT ARE JUST

3963
02:35:32,760 --> 02:35:34,400
PRESENTED TODAY THAT ARE SUPER 

3964
02:35:34,400 --> 02:35:36,040
IMPORTANT TO ADDRESS AND HOW DO 

3965
02:35:36,040 --> 02:35:38,720
YOU GET ALL THAT INTO A 5-MINUTE

3966
02:35:38,720 --> 02:35:39,040
INTERVIEW?  

3967
02:35:39,040 --> 02:35:42,320
I -- YOU KNOW, THAT IS A BIT 

3968
02:35:42,320 --> 02:35:42,920
RHETORICAL AND DON'T EXPECT 

3969
02:35:42,920 --> 02:35:45,680
ANYBODY TO ANSWER THAT.  I LEGIT

3970
02:35:45,680 --> 02:35:47,280
AM SITTING UP HERE SAYING I 

3971
02:35:47,280 --> 02:35:50,200
DON'T KNOW.  AGAIN, IT IS WORTH 

3972
02:35:50,200 --> 02:35:51,560
CONSIDERING AND CONTINUING TO 

3973
02:35:51,560 --> 02:35:54,440
CONSIDER HOW TO MAKE PROGRESS ON

3974
02:35:54,440 --> 02:35:55,240
THAT FRONT.  

3975
02:35:55,240 --> 02:35:57,800
IT IS TOUGH.  IT IS PEELING AWAY

3976
02:35:57,800 --> 02:36:00,400
THE ONION.  WE ARE JUST BARELY 

3977
02:36:00,400 --> 02:36:03,160
SCRATCHING AWAY AT THE SURFACE. 

3978
02:36:03,160 --> 02:36:03,400
SORRY. 

3979
02:36:03,400 --> 02:36:05,320
>>NO WORRIES. 

3980
02:36:05,320 --> 02:36:07,520
SO, THAT IS A -- I CAN'T TELL IF

3981
02:36:07,520 --> 02:36:08,320
THIS IS ON. 

3982
02:36:08,320 --> 02:36:08,640
>>YES. 

3983
02:36:08,640 --> 02:36:12,920
>>IT IS ON, OKAY.  THE
SOUND OF

3984
02:36:12,920 --> 02:36:14,840
MY OWN VOICE. 

3985
02:36:14,840 --> 02:36:15,920
SO, THERE IS PROBABLY TWO 

3986
02:36:15,920 --> 02:36:17,480
QUESTIONS IN THERE.  ONE IS WHAT

3987
02:36:17,480 --> 02:36:19,720
ARE WE DOING NOW?  

3988
02:36:19,720 --> 02:36:21,360
THE OTHER MAYBE MORE EXCITING 

3989
02:36:21,360 --> 02:36:22,560
QUESTION IS WHAT SHOULD WE BE 

3990
02:36:22,560 --> 02:36:24,960
DOING IF IN THE FUTURE?  

3991
02:36:24,960 --> 02:36:27,160
AND I'M NOT EXACTLY THE RIGHT 

3992
02:36:27,160 --> 02:36:28,840
PERSON TO COMMENT ON WHAT WE ARE

3993
02:36:28,840 --> 02:36:29,160
DOING NOW. 

3994
02:36:29,160 --> 02:36:32,360
I CAN TELL YOU BASED ON MY OWN 

3995
02:36:32,360 --> 02:36:36,200
EXPERIENCE WORKING AT A TERTIARY

3996
02:36:36,200 --> 02:36:38,240
CARE PAIN MANAGEMENT FACILITY IN

3997
02:36:38,240 --> 02:36:40,040
BOSTON WE ARE -- I DON'T KNOW.  

3998
02:36:40,040 --> 02:36:42,480
5 TO 10% OF THE WAY DOWN THE 

3999
02:36:42,480 --> 02:36:44,600
ROAD TOWARDS PERSONALIZED PAIN 

4000
02:36:44,600 --> 02:36:46,280
MEDICINE THAT IS BETTER THAN 0. 

4001
02:36:46,280 --> 02:36:48,560
RIGHT NOW, WE DO THINGS LIKE 

4002
02:36:48,560 --> 02:36:50,560
WITH INITIAL ASSESSMENT WE WILL 

4003
02:36:50,560 --> 02:36:54,240
EVALUATE, FOR EXAMPLE, PEOPLES 

4004
02:36:54,240 --> 02:36:56,840
PREFERENCES FOR PHARMACOLOGIC 

4005
02:36:56,840 --> 02:36:58,560
VERSUS NONPHARMACOLOGIC CARE 

4006
02:36:58,560 --> 02:37:00,280
THAT CERTAINLY GETS INCORPORATED

4007
02:37:00,280 --> 02:37:02,360
IF INTO TREATMENT THAT IS 

4008
02:37:02,360 --> 02:37:03,560
RECOMMENDED AND MIGHT EVALUATE 

4009
02:37:03,560 --> 02:37:06,080
HOW NEUROPATHIC THEIR PAIN IS 

4010
02:37:06,080 --> 02:37:07,960
AND INFLUENCE MEDICATIONS THAT 

4011
02:37:07,960 --> 02:37:10,240
ARE RECOMMENDED AND EVALUATE HOW

4012
02:37:10,240 --> 02:37:11,080
SYSTEMATICALLY HOW DISTRESSED 

4013
02:37:11,080 --> 02:37:15,360
THEY ARE OR SEEM IN AN INITIALLE

4014
02:37:15,360 --> 02:37:16,440
INTERVIEW AND MIGHT INFLUENCE 

4015
02:37:16,440 --> 02:37:18,800
WHETHER THEY ARE REFERRED TO A 

4016
02:37:18,800 --> 02:37:22,160
PAIN PSYCHOLOGIST AND WE 

4017
02:37:22,160 --> 02:37:23,320
PROBABLY DON'T DO MUCH MORE THAN

4018
02:37:23,320 --> 02:37:26,320
THAT NOW AND THERE IS A WORLD 

4019
02:37:26,320 --> 02:37:28,320
HOPEFULLY NOT TOO, TOO FAR IN 

4020
02:37:28,320 --> 02:37:31,480
THE FUTURE TO DO FAIRLY 

4021
02:37:31,480 --> 02:37:32,560
STANDARDIZED PHENOTYPING 

4022
02:37:32,560 --> 02:37:34,280
ASSESSMENT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT 

4023
02:37:34,280 --> 02:37:36,600
ALL INFLUENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS 

4024
02:37:36,600 --> 02:37:39,520
OF THE PERSON INCLUDING THEIR 

4025
02:37:39,520 --> 02:37:40,600
CULTURAL BACKGROUND AND 

4026
02:37:40,600 --> 02:37:41,920
PREFERENCES FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF

4027
02:37:41,920 --> 02:37:45,240
TREATMENT IN ADDITION TO ALL 

4028
02:37:45,240 --> 02:37:47,560
FACTORS WE ALL TALKED ABOUT 

4029
02:37:47,560 --> 02:37:49,760
INFLUENCING COURSE OF PASH YENLT

4030
02:37:49,760 --> 02:37:53,280
IN TREATMENT AND SLEEP AND 

4031
02:37:53,280 --> 02:37:54,480
CATASTROPHIZING PAIN SENSITIVITY

4032
02:37:54,480 --> 02:37:57,720
OR WHATEVER IT MIGHT BE AND 

4033
02:37:57,720 --> 02:37:59,560
STANDARDIZING ASSESSMENT 

4034
02:37:59,560 --> 02:38:02,440
OFFERING PEOPLE LET'S CALL IT 

4035
02:38:02,440 --> 02:38:03,000
INFORMATION-BASED MENU AND 

4036
02:38:03,000 --> 02:38:05,960
SAYING BASED ON FACTORS AND 

4037
02:38:05,960 --> 02:38:08,240
EXCITING WORK THAT IS BEING DONE

4038
02:38:08,240 --> 02:38:10,080
BEST GUESS ABOUT TREATMENTS MOST

4039
02:38:10,080 --> 02:38:12,640
HELPFUL FOR YOU ARE A, B, C, AND

4040
02:38:12,640 --> 02:38:14,400
D AND WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT 

4041
02:38:14,400 --> 02:38:15,680
THAT AND WHAT ARE YOUR TREATMENT

4042
02:38:15,680 --> 02:38:16,760
PREFERENCES AND WHAT WOULD YOU 

4043
02:38:16,760 --> 02:38:18,160
LIKE TO START WITH AND THINK 

4044
02:38:18,160 --> 02:38:19,320
ABOUT MAYBE COMBINING THOSE 

4045
02:38:19,320 --> 02:38:21,240
THINGS AND WE HAVE A WAYS TO GO 

4046
02:38:21,240 --> 02:38:23,200
THERE TO GET THERE, I THINK. 

4047
02:38:23,200 --> 02:38:25,240
ALTHOUGH, WE ARE TAKING BABY 

4048
02:38:25,240 --> 02:38:28,520
STEPS DOWN THE ROAD THAT IS AT 

4049
02:38:28,520 --> 02:38:30,720
LEAST A LITTLE ENCOURAGING. 

4050
02:38:30,720 --> 02:38:31,640
>>THANK YOU.  PLEASE. 

4051
02:38:31,640 --> 02:38:34,920
>>HI.  OH, IT IS ON. 
THANK 

4052
02:38:34,920 --> 02:38:35,800
YOU.  WONDERFUL TALKS. 

4053
02:38:35,800 --> 02:38:38,120
IT HAS BEEN VERY ENJOYABLE. 

4054
02:38:38,120 --> 02:38:39,880
ONE QUESTION THAT I HAD IS 

4055
02:38:39,880 --> 02:38:41,160
ACTUALLY KIND OF THE OPPOSITE OF

4056
02:38:41,160 --> 02:38:44,840
THE FIRST QUESTION THAT IS MORE 

4057
02:38:44,840 --> 02:38:48,200
ABOUT HOW -- WHEN TALKING ABOUT 

4058
02:38:48,200 --> 02:38:49,880
PAIN AND EQUITY AND EVERYONE ALL

4059
02:38:49,880 --> 02:38:51,760
THREE OF YOU IN TALKS AND 

4060
02:38:51,760 --> 02:38:53,520
ADDRESSED TALKING ABOUT ISMS 

4061
02:38:53,520 --> 02:38:57,040
THAT ARE OBVIOUSLY SOCIAL AND 

4062
02:38:57,040 --> 02:38:59,360
STRUCTURAL AND MUCH MORE THAN 

4063
02:38:59,360 --> 02:39:00,440
INNER PERSONAL AND INDIVIDUAL 

4064
02:39:00,440 --> 02:39:03,520
LEVEL AND MY QUESTION IS KIND OF

4065
02:39:03,520 --> 02:39:06,080
MORE ABSTRACT IN SENSE WHY DO WE

4066
02:39:06,080 --> 02:39:09,680
-- WHY AND SHOULD WE CONTINUE TO

4067
02:39:09,680 --> 02:39:13,160
FOCUS ON THIS INDIVIDUAL LEVEL? 

4068
02:39:13,160 --> 02:39:16,480
WHAT RECOMMENDATIONS WOULD YOU 

4069
02:39:16,480 --> 02:39:19,000
HAVE FOR KIND OF EXPANDING AND 

4070
02:39:19,000 --> 02:39:21,520
ZOOMING OUT IN WAYS THAT WE 

4071
02:39:21,520 --> 02:39:24,640
THINK ABOUT PAIN PREVENTION ON A

4072
02:39:24,640 --> 02:39:28,960
MORE SOCIAL AND STRUCTURAL 

4073
02:39:28,960 --> 02:39:32,840
LEVEL. 

4074
02:39:32,840 --> 02:39:37,240
>>SO, YOU KNOW, I THINK
THERE 

4075
02:39:37,240 --> 02:39:38,920
IS SO -- FIRST OF ALL, THANK YOU

4076
02:39:38,920 --> 02:39:39,720
FOR THE QUESTION. 

4077
02:39:39,720 --> 02:39:41,960
I THINK IT IS A REALLY IMPORTANT

4078
02:39:41,960 --> 02:39:42,240
QUESTION. 

4079
02:39:42,240 --> 02:39:44,560
AS A SOCIETY, WE TEND TO OFTEN 

4080
02:39:44,560 --> 02:39:46,240
BE VERY REACTIVE IN THE WAY THAT

4081
02:39:46,240 --> 02:39:48,800
WE THINK ABOUT MANAGING PROBLEMS

4082
02:39:48,800 --> 02:39:52,000
OPPOSED TO PROACTIVE AND IDEA OF

4083
02:39:52,000 --> 02:39:54,200
ENGAGING ACTUALLY IN PREVENTIVE 

4084
02:39:54,200 --> 02:39:56,040
EFFORTS AROUND CHRONIC PAIN IS 

4085
02:39:56,040 --> 02:39:57,880
TO ME VERY EXCITING. 

4086
02:39:57,880 --> 02:40:01,360
REALLY, THAT WOULD START, YOU 

4087
02:40:01,360 --> 02:40:02,880
KNOW, IN PRESCHOOL. 

4088
02:40:02,880 --> 02:40:05,360
BUT, ANYWAY, IF THAT IS NOT 

4089
02:40:05,360 --> 02:40:06,840
GOING TO HAPPEN RIGHT AWAY, I 

4090
02:40:06,840 --> 02:40:08,120
THINK THAT THE FIRST THING WE 

4091
02:40:08,120 --> 02:40:10,720
CAN DO IS START THINKING ABOUT 

4092
02:40:10,720 --> 02:40:13,320
WHAT DOES A PREVENTIVE CARE 

4093
02:40:13,320 --> 02:40:17,080
APPROACH LOOK LIKE FOR PAIN AND 

4094
02:40:17,080 --> 02:40:19,560
NAVIGATING PAIN AND PAIN 

4095
02:40:19,560 --> 02:40:20,680
QUANTIFICATION AND WHAT ARE WAYS

4096
02:40:20,680 --> 02:40:24,080
TO POTENTIALLY REDUCE PAIN 

4097
02:40:24,080 --> 02:40:24,600
QUANTIFICATION?  

4098
02:40:24,600 --> 02:40:27,600
IN ADDITION TO THAT, FOR OUR 

4099
02:40:27,600 --> 02:40:30,120
CLINICAL COMMUNITY, HOW DO WE 

4100
02:40:30,120 --> 02:40:32,240
ACTUALLY REDUCE STIGMA 

4101
02:40:32,240 --> 02:40:33,800
ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND

4102
02:40:33,800 --> 02:40:35,840
INCREASE EFFICACY AMONG 

4103
02:40:35,840 --> 02:40:39,560
CLINICIANS AROUND MANAGEMENT OF 

4104
02:40:39,560 --> 02:40:45,920
CHRONIC PAIN?  

4105
02:40:45,920 --> 02:40:50,760
>>ALONG THAT LAST POINT I
WILL 

4106
02:40:50,760 --> 02:40:54,120
SAY TAKING A PAGE FROM RESEARCH 

4107
02:40:54,120 --> 02:40:55,840
IN -- STIGMA RESEARCH THAT COULD

4108
02:40:55,840 --> 02:40:56,920
BE DONE SAID INDICATION AND LOTS

4109
02:40:56,920 --> 02:40:59,040
OF TIMES WHEN PEOPLE ARE 

4110
02:40:59,040 --> 02:41:01,400
STIGMATIZING OTHERS IT IS NOT 

4111
02:41:01,400 --> 02:41:02,840
COMING REALLY FROM MALICIOUS 

4112
02:41:02,840 --> 02:41:06,360
PLACE BUT COMING FROM PLACE OF I

4113
02:41:06,360 --> 02:41:08,880
DIDN'T REALLY KNOW THAT. 

4114
02:41:08,880 --> 02:41:10,000
MORE EDUCATION AND IMPORTANTLY 

4115
02:41:10,000 --> 02:41:12,160
THERE HAS BEEN LOTS OF NATIONAL 

4116
02:41:12,160 --> 02:41:14,480
TALK AROUND PAIN EDUCATION OR 

4117
02:41:14,480 --> 02:41:16,080
LACK THEREOF IN MEDICAL 

4118
02:41:16,080 --> 02:41:17,680
CURRICULAR OR WHAT HAVE YOU AND 

4119
02:41:17,680 --> 02:41:19,440
THINK THAT EDUCATION AND 

4120
02:41:19,440 --> 02:41:20,520
EDUCATION WILL BE AN IMPORTANT 

4121
02:41:20,520 --> 02:41:23,280
PIECE THERE AND JUST SORT OF 

4122
02:41:23,280 --> 02:41:25,760
BRINGING PEOPLE'S SUBCONSCIOUS 

4123
02:41:25,760 --> 02:41:26,880
TO CONSCIOUS AND HELPING 

4124
02:41:26,880 --> 02:41:28,360
INDIVIDUALS REALIZE PARTICULARLY

4125
02:41:28,360 --> 02:41:30,560
IN CHRONIC PAIN SPACE THAT LOTS 

4126
02:41:30,560 --> 02:41:32,760
OF TIMES SITTING AND LISTENING 

4127
02:41:32,760 --> 02:41:34,720
IS TREATMENT AND MEDICINE AND 

4128
02:41:34,720 --> 02:41:36,000
VALIDATING A PERSON'S 

4129
02:41:36,000 --> 02:41:38,880
EXPERIENCES IN A WAY THAT IS NOT

4130
02:41:38,880 --> 02:41:42,080
STIGMA PROMOTING AND THINK THAT 

4131
02:41:42,080 --> 02:41:44,160
EDUCATION IS STILL, AGAIN, NOT 

4132
02:41:44,160 --> 02:41:46,200
END ALL, BE ALL BUT DON'T THINK 

4133
02:41:46,200 --> 02:41:48,960
YOU COULD GET AS FAR AS YOU 

4134
02:41:48,960 --> 02:41:50,720
POSSIBLY COULD WITHOUT AN EYE 

4135
02:41:50,720 --> 02:41:53,320
TOWARDS GOOD EDUCATIONAL EFFORTS

4136
02:41:53,320 --> 02:41:54,520
IN THIS SPACE. 

4137
02:41:54,520 --> 02:41:56,560
>>FANTASTIC ANSWERS AND
IS A 

4138
02:41:56,560 --> 02:41:58,600
REALLY, REALLY GOOD QUESTION 

4139
02:41:58,600 --> 02:42:02,640
THAT HAS TO BE A LITTLE 

4140
02:42:02,640 --> 02:42:05,200
INTIMIDATING FOR SOMEONE ASKING 

4141
02:42:05,200 --> 02:42:08,080
NEXT QUESTION AND WILL ADD ON A 

4142
02:42:08,080 --> 02:42:10,640
LITTLE BIT AND LIKE WORK I DO 

4143
02:42:10,640 --> 02:42:14,960
NOW THAT FOCUSES ON 

4144
02:42:14,960 --> 02:42:18,080
INDIVIDUALIZED PRECISION 

4145
02:42:18,080 --> 02:42:20,400
MEDICINE AND EDUCATION AND 

4146
02:42:20,400 --> 02:42:24,680
CAREER AND TOLD ME SET IT UP 

4147
02:42:24,680 --> 02:42:27,920
MAKING BIG DIFFERENCE FOR 

4148
02:42:27,920 --> 02:42:29,400
BIGGEST NUMBER OF PEOPLE AND GET

4149
02:42:29,400 --> 02:42:31,800
TRAINING IN COMMUNICATIONS, 

4150
02:42:31,800 --> 02:42:33,800
MEDIA AND ADVERTISING AND THINK 

4151
02:42:33,800 --> 02:42:35,840
I WOULD BE TERRIBLE AT THAT NOW 

4152
02:42:35,840 --> 02:42:38,760
BUT THINK I COULD GET TRAINED 

4153
02:42:38,760 --> 02:42:41,080
AND WORK ON INCORPORATING PAIN 

4154
02:42:41,080 --> 02:42:43,360
NEUROSCIENCE EDUCATION CONCEPTS 

4155
02:42:43,360 --> 02:42:45,240
INTO VARIOUS CURRICULA EARLY AND

4156
02:42:45,240 --> 02:42:48,920
I MEAN HIGH SCHOOL AND MIDDLE 

4157
02:42:48,920 --> 02:42:55,200
SCHOOL TO THINK ABOUT HOW TO 

4158
02:42:55,200 --> 02:42:57,560
CHANGE CHRONIC HEAD PAIN AS A 

4159
02:42:57,560 --> 02:42:59,200
SOCIETY IN GENERAL AND COULD 

4160
02:42:59,200 --> 02:43:01,960
INCORPORATE THINGS WE KNOW 

4161
02:43:01,960 --> 02:43:07,280
ALREADY ABOUT TREECHLTS OR 

4162
02:43:07,280 --> 02:43:08,560
APPROACHES THAT ARE MOVEMENT 

4163
02:43:08,560 --> 02:43:12,400
BASED THERAPIES DOING MORE OF IF

4164
02:43:12,400 --> 02:43:14,880
DON'T HAVE CHRONIC PAIN 

4165
02:43:14,880 --> 02:43:16,160
MONITORING IMPROVING SLEEP AS 

4166
02:43:16,160 --> 02:43:18,200
BEST AS WE CAN AND ALL THAT 

4167
02:43:18,200 --> 02:43:22,880
STUFF IS POSSIBLE TO MAKE A BIG 

4168
02:43:22,880 --> 02:43:24,920
DIFFERENCE INCORPORATING 

4169
02:43:24,920 --> 02:43:27,280
CONCEPTS MAKING EDUCATION AND 

4170
02:43:27,280 --> 02:43:30,920
ADVERTISING PAIN RELATED 

4171
02:43:30,920 --> 02:43:32,880
CONCEPTS STARTING AT EARLY LEVEL

4172
02:43:32,880 --> 02:43:36,800
NOT JUST EDUCATING PSYCHOLOGISTS

4173
02:43:36,800 --> 02:43:42,840
PAIN TERTIARY PAIN MEASURES. 

4174
02:43:42,840 --> 02:43:43,200
YEAH. 

4175
02:43:43,200 --> 02:43:45,200
>>HI.  GREAT TALK AND MY 

4176
02:43:45,200 --> 02:43:47,080
QUESTION REVOLVES AROUND EACH OF

4177
02:43:47,080 --> 02:43:48,920
YOUR PROJECTS AND HAVE ANY OF 

4178
02:43:48,920 --> 02:43:51,520
YOU ACTUALLY LOOKED AT 

4179
02:43:51,520 --> 02:43:52,440
CORRELATIONS OR CONNECTIONS 

4180
02:43:52,440 --> 02:43:53,880
BETWEEN CULTURES YOU ARE LOOKING

4181
02:43:53,880 --> 02:43:56,360
AT AND NUTRITION THEY ARE 

4182
02:43:56,360 --> 02:43:56,680
CONSUME SNG. 

4183
02:43:56,680 --> 02:43:58,960
LOTS OF CULTURES AND ESPECIALLY 

4184
02:43:58,960 --> 02:44:02,000
PEOPLE LOOKING AT SLIDE OVER AND

4185
02:44:02,000 --> 02:44:04,600
LOOKING AT PEOPLE AT SPANISH 

4186
02:44:04,600 --> 02:44:05,880
SPEAKING COUNTRIES SOUTH-ASIANS 

4187
02:44:05,880 --> 02:44:07,600
DR. [INDISCERNIBLE] WAS TALKING 

4188
02:44:07,600 --> 02:44:10,360
ABOUT THIS AND LOTS OF PEOPLE 

4189
02:44:10,360 --> 02:44:12,920
CONSUME VERY SPICY FOOD, FOR 

4190
02:44:12,920 --> 02:44:16,880
EXAMPLE ACTIVATING TRYP1 

4191
02:44:16,880 --> 02:44:18,720
RECEPTORS AND HOW IT IMPACTS 

4192
02:44:18,720 --> 02:44:22,920
LATER ON IN LIFE HOW THEY ARE 

4193
02:44:22,920 --> 02:44:25,440
PERHAPS PERCEIVING PAIN OR 

4194
02:44:25,440 --> 02:44:27,640
RESILIENCE IS CHANGING AND 

4195
02:44:27,640 --> 02:44:30,360
SECOND QUESTION TO THAT IS ALSO 

4196
02:44:30,360 --> 02:44:32,360
IN SOUTH AMERICA PEOPLE 

4197
02:44:32,360 --> 02:44:33,440
CONSUMING COCOA LEAF FOR 

4198
02:44:33,440 --> 02:44:35,640
THOUSANDS OF YEARS TO ALLEVIATE 

4199
02:44:35,640 --> 02:44:37,280
PAIN FROM HIGH ALTITUDE BUT ALSO

4200
02:44:37,280 --> 02:44:39,400
TO GIVE THEM ENERGY THAT 

4201
02:44:39,400 --> 02:44:40,600
CORRELATES BACK TO THEIR 

4202
02:44:40,600 --> 02:44:43,080
NUTRITION AND CULTURE AND I 

4203
02:44:43,080 --> 02:44:44,440
GUESS WHAT IS CONSIDERED NORMAL 

4204
02:44:44,440 --> 02:44:46,760
FOR THEM TO BE CONSUMING AND HOW

4205
02:44:46,760 --> 02:44:53,880
THAT IMPACTS ALSO LONGITUDINAL 

4206
02:44:53,880 --> 02:44:56,120
ACTIVITY OF THEIR LIFE AND 

4207
02:44:56,120 --> 02:44:57,480
HISPANICS LIVE A LONG LIFE 

4208
02:44:57,480 --> 02:44:59,920
COMPARED TO OTHER ETHNICITIES 

4209
02:44:59,920 --> 02:45:01,600
AND IF YOU CAN PUT IT TOGETHER 

4210
02:45:01,600 --> 02:45:04,240
FOR ME THAT WOULD BE GREAT.  

4211
02:45:04,240 --> 02:45:06,960
>>THAT IS ALSO A
WONDERFUL 

4212
02:45:06,960 --> 02:45:07,480
QUESTION.  

4213
02:45:07,480 --> 02:45:10,920
I'M NOT SURE WE WILL WIND UP 

4214
02:45:10,920 --> 02:45:12,960
SUCCEEDING IN PUTTING IT ALL 

4215
02:45:12,960 --> 02:45:14,280
TOGETHER BUT WILL TAKE BEST SHOT

4216
02:45:14,280 --> 02:45:16,960
AT IT.  POINT IS A REALLY GOOD 

4217
02:45:16,960 --> 02:45:24,960
ONE IN THAT A LOT OF NOVEL AND 

4218
02:45:24,960 --> 02:45:26,640
EFFECTIVE PAIN TREATMENTS HAVE 

4219
02:45:26,640 --> 02:45:29,840
BEEN LOTS THAT WE LIKE AND IN 

4220
02:45:29,840 --> 02:45:33,800
RECENT DECADES LOTS COME FROM 

4221
02:45:33,800 --> 02:45:34,720
VARIOUS BOTANICAL COMPOUNDS AND 

4222
02:45:34,720 --> 02:45:37,680
THINGS POTENTIALLY IDENTIFIED 

4223
02:45:37,680 --> 02:45:40,920
ORIGINALLY AS BEING USED BY 

4224
02:45:40,920 --> 02:45:42,600
INDIGENOUS CULTURES OR FOLKS 

4225
02:45:42,600 --> 02:45:44,920
LIVING IN SMALL COMMUNITIES AND 

4226
02:45:44,920 --> 02:45:46,840
IN OTHER PARTS OF THE TWHOORLD 

4227
02:45:46,840 --> 02:45:49,000
IS PROBABLY A REALLY RICH SOURCE

4228
02:45:49,000 --> 02:45:51,960
OF POTENTIALLY EFFECTIVE FUTURE 

4229
02:45:51,960 --> 02:45:53,920
PAIN TREATMENTS IN REGARDS TO 

4230
02:45:53,920 --> 02:45:55,800
FIRST PART OF YOUR QUESTION, WE 

4231
02:45:55,800 --> 02:45:57,440
PROBABLY KNOW WAY LESS THAN WE 

4232
02:45:57,440 --> 02:46:00,920
WOULD LIKE TO ABOUT THINGS LIKE 

4233
02:46:00,920 --> 02:46:06,760
HOW EARLY LIFE DIETARY CHOICES 

4234
02:46:06,760 --> 02:46:09,760
AND DEGREE OF CAPSATION ONE 

4235
02:46:09,760 --> 02:46:11,720
CONSUMES FOR EXAMPLE HAS IMPACT 

4236
02:46:11,720 --> 02:46:15,320
ON LATER PERCEPTION OF PAIN AND 

4237
02:46:15,320 --> 02:46:17,400
MAYBE VERY BEST SHOT I HAVE AT 

4238
02:46:17,400 --> 02:46:19,600
PUTTING ALL THINGS TOGETHER IS 

4239
02:46:19,600 --> 02:46:21,840
TO HIGHLIGHT FACT THAT WHAT YOU 

4240
02:46:21,840 --> 02:46:25,480
ASKED ABOUT IS A CRITICALLY 

4241
02:46:25,480 --> 02:46:27,560
UNDERSTUDIED AREA THAT IS OF 

4242
02:46:27,560 --> 02:46:28,800
CRUCIAL IMPORTANCE AND WE DON'T 

4243
02:46:28,800 --> 02:46:32,000
KNOW NEARLY AS MUCH AS WE SHOULD

4244
02:46:32,000 --> 02:46:33,040
THAT PRESUMABLY WOULD BE A 

4245
02:46:33,040 --> 02:46:35,280
WONDERFUL AREA TO WORK IN OR 

4246
02:46:35,280 --> 02:46:36,920
FUND NOVEL STUDIES IN.  THANK 

4247
02:46:36,920 --> 02:46:42,560
YOU FOR BRINGING IT TO OUR 

4248
02:46:42,560 --> 02:46:43,160
ATTENT

4249
02:46:43,160 --> 02:46:43,480
ATTENTION. 

4250
02:46:43,480 --> 02:46:44,080
>>OKAY.  

4251
02:46:44,080 --> 02:46:46,080
YEAH.  COPY EVERYTHING THAT ROB 

4252
02:46:46,080 --> 02:46:49,320
SAID THAT IS AN IMPORTANT 

4253
02:46:49,320 --> 02:46:52,240
QUESTION AND TOPIC. 

4254
02:46:52,240 --> 02:46:54,520
SO, I SPEAK VERY FORTUNATELY 

4255
02:46:54,520 --> 02:46:57,560
HERE ANOTHER STUDY WE FUNDED BY 

4256
02:46:57,560 --> 02:47:00,920
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING 

4257
02:47:00,920 --> 02:47:02,600
RESEARCH REFERRING TO AS DIRECT 

4258
02:47:02,600 --> 02:47:04,920
PAIN COLLEAGUE AT UAB ARE 

4259
02:47:04,920 --> 02:47:08,080
ACTUALLY EVALUATING DIFFERENT 

4260
02:47:08,080 --> 02:47:10,280
DIETS PARTICULARLY LOW CARB 

4261
02:47:10,280 --> 02:47:13,440
DIETS HIGH PROTEIN DIETS THAT 

4262
02:47:13,440 --> 02:47:16,160
ARE ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES 

4263
02:47:16,160 --> 02:47:19,320
ON NEOOSTEOARTHRITIS PAIN 

4264
02:47:19,320 --> 02:47:21,120
LOOKING AT RACE DIFFERENCES IN 

4265
02:47:21,120 --> 02:47:23,320
TERMS OF RESPONSES AND 

4266
02:47:23,320 --> 02:47:25,280
PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES TO 

4267
02:47:25,280 --> 02:47:26,680
EXPLAIN POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS 

4268
02:47:26,680 --> 02:47:28,960
THERE AND RELATED TO THAT DOING 

4269
02:47:28,960 --> 02:47:32,560
WORK NOW IN CHILDREN THAT HAVE 

4270
02:47:32,560 --> 02:47:34,840
FUNCTIONAL AB-NO. DOM NAL PAIN 

4271
02:47:34,840 --> 02:47:36,600
DISORDERS NO LONGER TERMINOLOGY 

4272
02:47:36,600 --> 02:47:38,360
BUT THAT OF GUT BRAIN 

4273
02:47:38,360 --> 02:47:40,640
INTERACTION LOOKING AT DIET AND 

4274
02:47:40,640 --> 02:47:44,640
DIETARY CHOICES HOW IT EFFECTS 

4275
02:47:44,640 --> 02:47:46,160
MICROBIOME TO EFFECT ABDOMINAL 

4276
02:47:46,160 --> 02:47:50,040
PAIN IN ABSENCE OF OTHER MEDICAL

4277
02:47:50,040 --> 02:47:51,960
REASONS FOR THAT PAIN. 

4278
02:47:51,960 --> 02:47:53,600
I THINK YOU ARE RIGHT THERE IS 

4279
02:47:53,600 --> 02:47:55,080
SPACE TO GROW AND UNDERSTAND 

4280
02:47:55,080 --> 02:47:57,160
THERE AND THINKING ABOUT DIET 

4281
02:47:57,160 --> 02:48:00,920
NOT AS A VERB I'M ON A DIET BUT 

4282
02:48:00,920 --> 02:48:03,000
DIET AS A NOUN WHAT CHOICES I 

4283
02:48:03,000 --> 02:48:05,760
MAKE IN WHAT FOODS I PUT IN BODY

4284
02:48:05,760 --> 02:48:08,080
AND PROMOTE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL 

4285
02:48:08,080 --> 02:48:09,800
HEALTH AND DISPARITY SLANT WHO 

4286
02:48:09,800 --> 02:48:11,480
IS GETTING ACCESS TO FOODS AND 

4287
02:48:11,480 --> 02:48:14,000
WHO IS NOT AND IDEA OF FOOD 

4288
02:48:14,000 --> 02:48:15,800
DESERTS AND THINGS IS VERY ALIVE

4289
02:48:15,800 --> 02:48:19,560
AND WELL IN AMERICA.  I WILL 

4290
02:48:19,560 --> 02:48:20,920
STOP WITH THAT.  

4291
02:48:20,920 --> 02:48:23,200
>>THAT IS AWESOME AND
EXCITED 

4292
02:48:23,200 --> 02:48:24,920
ABOUT THAT.  IT IS IMPORTANT TO 

4293
02:48:24,920 --> 02:48:27,840
BE LOOKING AT SOME OF THESE 

4294
02:48:27,840 --> 02:48:29,280
DIETARY APPROACHES THAT YOU KNOW

4295
02:48:29,280 --> 02:48:32,240
THERE ARE NOW A NUMBER OF 

4296
02:48:32,240 --> 02:48:34,120
STUDIES, FOR EXAMPLE LOOKING AT 

4297
02:48:34,120 --> 02:48:37,520
ROLE OF DIET AND 

4298
02:48:37,520 --> 02:48:38,320
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE AND 

4299
02:48:38,320 --> 02:48:40,040
SHOWING IMPORTANT RELATIONSHIP 

4300
02:48:40,040 --> 02:48:42,400
AND WHY WOULDN'T THERE BE A 

4301
02:48:42,400 --> 02:48:43,080
RELATIONSHIP HERE?  

4302
02:48:43,080 --> 02:48:44,600
THERE PROBABLY HAS TO BE AND 

4303
02:48:44,600 --> 02:48:46,200
ONLY THING I WOULD ADD IS 

4304
02:48:46,200 --> 02:48:47,720
THINKING ABOUT ROLE OF 

4305
02:48:47,720 --> 02:48:49,480
INTERMITTENT FASTING AND HOW 

4306
02:48:49,480 --> 02:48:52,840
THAT MAY ALSO PLAY A ROLE IN 

4307
02:48:52,840 --> 02:48:54,280
CHRONIC PAIN EXPERIENCE THAT WE 

4308
02:48:54,280 --> 02:48:57,400
HAVE, AGAIN, VERY LITTLE DATA 

4309
02:48:57,400 --> 02:48:57,560
ON. 

4310
02:48:57,560 --> 02:49:01,160
LOTS OF ROOM FOR NEW DISCOVERY. 

4311
02:49:01,160 --> 02:49:06,320
>>OKAY.  SO, ONE OF THE 

4312
02:49:06,320 --> 02:49:07,600
PRESENTATIONS TALKED ABOUT 

4313
02:49:07,600 --> 02:49:09,400
UNEQUAL BURDEN OF PAIN IN 

4314
02:49:09,400 --> 02:49:11,600
AFRICAN AMERICANS AND MOST 

4315
02:49:11,600 --> 02:49:13,680
DIFFERENCES OF UNEQUAL BURDEN OF

4316
02:49:13,680 --> 02:49:15,800
PAIN IS IN SOCIAL AND 

4317
02:49:15,800 --> 02:49:18,000
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS RATHER 

4318
02:49:18,000 --> 02:49:18,520
THAN BIOLOGICAL.  

4319
02:49:18,520 --> 02:49:21,400
I WONDER IF THERE ARE EPIGENETIC

4320
02:49:21,400 --> 02:49:23,840
FACTORS OR CONTRIBUTIONS PLAYING

4321
02:49:23,840 --> 02:49:26,360
INTO UNEQUAL BURDEN OF PAIN IN 

4322
02:49:26,360 --> 02:49:28,360
AFRICAN AMERICANS AND WONDERING 

4323
02:49:28,360 --> 02:49:29,760
IF STUDIES REFERENCED ARE IN 

4324
02:49:29,760 --> 02:49:32,720
JUST BLACK PEOPLE THAT ARE 

4325
02:49:32,720 --> 02:49:35,040
DESKENLDIENTS OF SLAVES OR JUST 

4326
02:49:35,040 --> 02:49:44,080
BLACK PEOPLE ACROSS AMERICA?  

4327
02:49:44,080 --> 02:49:45,960
>>A MORE SENIOR
INDIVIDUAL. 

4328
02:49:45,960 --> 02:49:48,600
>> THANK YOU.  HOW KIND
OF YOU.

4329
02:49:48,600 --> 02:49:51,040
FANTASTIC QUESTION THAT I WILL 

4330
02:49:51,040 --> 02:49:53,800
LET BOOURO TAKE A CRACK AT 

4331
02:49:53,800 --> 02:49:54,600
EPIGENETICS PART OF YOUR 

4332
02:49:54,600 --> 02:49:58,240
QUESTION THAT IS A REALLY 

4333
02:49:58,240 --> 02:49:59,840
EXCITING AREA OF WORK I DON'T 

4334
02:49:59,840 --> 02:50:02,280
KNOW A LOT ABOUT AND PROBABLY 

4335
02:50:02,280 --> 02:50:03,800
CAN'T DRAG COLLEAGUES SAM MITES 

4336
02:50:03,800 --> 02:50:05,280
UP HERE TO ANSWER THAT PART OF 

4337
02:50:05,280 --> 02:50:06,800
IT FOR ME. 

4338
02:50:06,800 --> 02:50:12,800
SHE IS WORKING WITH FOLKS AT UAB

4339
02:50:12,800 --> 02:50:15,560
AMONG OTHERS TAKING LEAD IN 

4340
02:50:15,560 --> 02:50:19,160
LOOKING AT POTENTIAL EPIGENETIC 

4341
02:50:19,160 --> 02:50:20,760
FACTORS IN CONTRIBUTION TO 

4342
02:50:20,760 --> 02:50:24,800
RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN

4343
02:50:24,800 --> 02:50:25,000
PAIN. 

4344
02:50:25,000 --> 02:50:27,880
IT IS A REASONABLE AND FAIR 

4345
02:50:27,880 --> 02:50:30,280
CONCLUSION TO MAKE FROM 

4346
02:50:30,280 --> 02:50:31,880
LITERATURE THAT THERE IS A WHOLE

4347
02:50:31,880 --> 02:50:36,120
LOT OF FACTORS TO CONTRIBUTE TO 

4348
02:50:36,120 --> 02:50:37,640
DISPARITIES WE SEE NOW AND VERY 

4349
02:50:37,640 --> 02:50:40,040
FEW OR MAYBE NONE OF THOSE 

4350
02:50:40,040 --> 02:50:43,520
FACTORS INVOLVE THINGS LIKE 

4351
02:50:43,520 --> 02:50:44,400
INNATE BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES 

4352
02:50:44,400 --> 02:50:47,840
AND EPIGENETICS WOULD PRESUMABLY

4353
02:50:47,840 --> 02:50:50,600
BE IN A DIFFERENT CATEGORY AND 

4354
02:50:50,600 --> 02:50:52,560
CERTAINLY THERE ARE EPIGENETIC 

4355
02:50:52,560 --> 02:50:54,440
CHANGES THAT HAPPEN AS A RESULT 

4356
02:50:54,440 --> 02:50:57,800
OF STRESSFUL EXPERIENCES WITH 

4357
02:50:57,800 --> 02:50:59,640
DISCRIMINATION FOR EXAMPLE AND 

4358
02:50:59,640 --> 02:51:03,000
DON'T HAVE MUCH DOUBT THERE IS 

4359
02:51:03,000 --> 02:51:05,480
POTENTIAL SHAL CONTRIBUTION 

4360
02:51:05,480 --> 02:51:08,520
PATHWAY OR SELF THERE AND 

4361
02:51:08,520 --> 02:51:10,520
CONCEPTUALLY IS IN SEPARATE 

4362
02:51:10,520 --> 02:51:14,680
CATEGORY INNATE STARTING AT BOTH

4363
02:51:14,680 --> 02:51:17,400
BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES I SUSPECT

4364
02:51:17,400 --> 02:51:23,760
WE ALL THINK ARE NOW NOT A 

4365
02:51:23,760 --> 02:51:25,440
SUBSTANTIVE CONTRIBUTOR TO GROUP

4366
02:51:25,440 --> 02:51:26,680
DIFFERENCE AND ETHNIC 

4367
02:51:26,680 --> 02:51:29,840
DISPARITIES WE SEE AND QUESTION 

4368
02:51:29,840 --> 02:51:32,520
ABOUT CATEGORIZATION IS A GOOD 

4369
02:51:32,520 --> 02:51:34,800
ONE AND STUDIES AS FAR AS I CAN 

4370
02:51:34,800 --> 02:51:37,120
TELL DIFFER SOME IN MEASUREMENT 

4371
02:51:37,120 --> 02:51:39,480
OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC CATEGORIES 

4372
02:51:39,480 --> 02:51:41,760
AND IN GENERAL WE TEND TO 

4373
02:51:41,760 --> 02:51:45,080
CONCEPTUALIZE THESE CATEGORIES 

4374
02:51:45,080 --> 02:51:50,680
AS SELF-REPORT ALLOWING PEOPLE 

4375
02:51:50,680 --> 02:51:52,920
TO PUT THEMSELVES INTO CATEGORY 

4376
02:51:52,920 --> 02:51:56,920
THAT BEST FITS AND I BET PEOPLE 

4377
02:51:56,920 --> 02:51:58,800
IN AUDIENCES KNOW BETTER THAN I 

4378
02:51:58,800 --> 02:52:00,920
DO AND THERE IS REALLY EXCITING 

4379
02:52:00,920 --> 02:52:04,320
DATA ON DEGREE TO WHICH US 

4380
02:52:04,320 --> 02:52:07,280
SOCIETY IS BECOMING MORE AND 

4381
02:52:07,280 --> 02:52:10,440
MORE MULTIRACIAL EVERY YEAR AND 

4382
02:52:10,440 --> 02:52:14,440
ANTICIPATE A TIME IN THE NOT TOO

4383
02:52:14,440 --> 02:52:16,440
DISTANT FUTURE WHERE CURRENT 

4384
02:52:16,440 --> 02:52:18,160
CATEGORIES COULD BE SOMEWHAT 

4385
02:52:18,160 --> 02:52:19,480
HELPFUL AND EXISTING LITERATURE 

4386
02:52:19,480 --> 02:52:22,680
IS MOSTLY BASED ON AND TIME 

4387
02:52:22,680 --> 02:52:25,920
WHERE THEY SEEM WILDLY 

4388
02:52:25,920 --> 02:52:28,760
INADEQUATE TO CAPTURE INDIVIDUAL

4389
02:52:28,760 --> 02:52:29,680
PEOPLES CONCEPTIONS OF RACIAL 

4390
02:52:29,680 --> 02:52:31,160
AND ETHNIC BACKGROUNDS AND MIGHT

4391
02:52:31,160 --> 02:52:36,000
BE GETTING TO THAT TIME FAIRLY 

4392
02:52:36,000 --> 02:52:36,920
QUICKLY. 

4393
02:52:40,000 --> 02:52:40,120
>>. 

4394
02:52:40,120 --> 02:52:42,080
>>WHAT HE SAID. 

4395
02:52:42,080 --> 02:52:44,520
NO.  SO EDWIN PROBABLY DOING 

4396
02:52:44,520 --> 02:52:46,280
SOME FOREMOST WORK ON THIS TOPIC

4397
02:52:46,280 --> 02:52:49,320
RIGHT NOW AS IT RELATES TO 

4398
02:52:49,320 --> 02:52:52,320
EPIGENETICS BEING BIOLOGICAL 

4399
02:52:52,320 --> 02:52:53,280
MANIFESTATION OF RACE AS A 

4400
02:52:53,280 --> 02:52:54,720
SOCIAL CONSTRUCT IN AMERICA AND 

4401
02:52:54,720 --> 02:52:56,440
ALL STRESSFUL EXPERIENCES THAT 

4402
02:52:56,440 --> 02:52:58,520
COULD BE EXPERIENCED THEREIN 

4403
02:52:58,520 --> 02:52:59,520
BECAUSE OF THAT I THINK YOU 

4404
02:52:59,520 --> 02:53:01,400
COULD LOOK AT LITERATURE OVER 

4405
02:53:01,400 --> 02:53:04,040
LAST 10 YEARS AND PRETTY 

4406
02:53:04,040 --> 02:53:05,840
RENOWNED GENETICISTS SAYING RACE

4407
02:53:05,840 --> 02:53:10,480
IS NOT GOOD PROXY FOR GENETIC 

4408
02:53:10,480 --> 02:53:12,840
VARIABILITY ACROSS HUMANS 

4409
02:53:12,840 --> 02:53:14,960
LENDING CREDENCE TO FACT THAT 

4410
02:53:14,960 --> 02:53:18,360
RACE IS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT AND 

4411
02:53:18,360 --> 02:53:20,920
DISCRIMINATION AND ZIG 

4412
02:53:20,920 --> 02:53:22,440
MATIZIZATION MANIFEST IN SKIN 

4413
02:53:22,440 --> 02:53:26,960
COLOR AND HAIR TEXTURE AND 

4414
02:53:26,960 --> 02:53:28,800
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES THAT AGAIN 

4415
02:53:28,800 --> 02:53:30,160
GENERALIZED INTO YOU ARE THAT 

4416
02:53:30,160 --> 02:53:31,520
PERSON VERSUS THAT PERSON AND 

4417
02:53:31,520 --> 02:53:32,720
INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, IF YOU 

4418
02:53:32,720 --> 02:53:35,280
LOOK AT LOTS OF -- RELATED TO 

4419
02:53:35,280 --> 02:53:38,960
PAIN YOU CAN LOOK AT ADULT 

4420
02:53:38,960 --> 02:53:41,480
LITERATURE SEEING BLACK AND 

4421
02:53:41,480 --> 02:53:43,200
WHITE INDIVIDUALS SHOW PAIN 

4422
02:53:43,200 --> 02:53:44,280
SENSITIVITY; RIGHT?  

4423
02:53:44,280 --> 02:53:45,960
WHY IS THAT?  

4424
02:53:45,960 --> 02:53:48,400
MIGHT BE REFLECTION OF SOCIAL 

4425
02:53:48,400 --> 02:53:49,800
THREAT HARKENING BACK TO THE 

4426
02:53:49,800 --> 02:53:52,480
TALK I GAVE OVER THE YEARS AND 

4427
02:53:52,480 --> 02:53:56,080
OFTEN TIMES LOOKING AT SAME 

4428
02:53:56,080 --> 02:53:59,760
TYPES OF STUDIES NOT MANY OF 

4429
02:53:59,760 --> 02:54:03,040
THEM AND CHILDREN YOU DON'T SEE 

4430
02:54:03,040 --> 02:54:06,120
THOSE DIFFERENCES AND OVER YEARS

4431
02:54:06,120 --> 02:54:08,800
CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE TO SOCIAL 

4432
02:54:08,800 --> 02:54:10,840
ASPECTS BEING RACIAL ALLEY 

4433
02:54:10,840 --> 02:54:11,800
MINORITIZED BASED ON WHATEVER 

4434
02:54:11,800 --> 02:54:13,360
IDENTITY YOU HAVE THERE YOU WILL

4435
02:54:13,360 --> 02:54:16,560
START TO SEE EPIGENETIC 

4436
02:54:16,560 --> 02:54:18,000
TRANSFORMATIONS THAT IS REALLY 

4437
02:54:18,000 --> 02:54:22,360
WHEN I GREW UP IS IT NATURE OR 

4438
02:54:22,360 --> 02:54:24,840
NURTURE AND NATURE VIA NURTURE 

4439
02:54:24,840 --> 02:54:26,840
AND IN THIS INSTANCE IF NOT 

4440
02:54:26,840 --> 02:54:28,920
NURTURE IT IS A THREAT AND 

4441
02:54:28,920 --> 02:54:33,880
NATURE VIA THREAT WILL MANIFEST 

4442
02:54:33,880 --> 02:54:37,800
EPIGENETIC CHANGE RS TO 

4443
02:54:37,800 --> 02:54:40,080
RESILIENCE HEALTH AND BIOMARKERS

4444
02:54:40,080 --> 02:54:47,000
THERE ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND TELLO 

4445
02:54:47,000 --> 02:54:50,240
MERACE ACTIVITY AND WILL HEAR A 

4446
02:54:50,240 --> 02:54:51,400
LITTLE ABOUT THAT. 

4447
02:54:51,400 --> 02:54:54,320
WHEN PEOPLE STUDY BIOLOGICAL 

4448
02:54:54,320 --> 02:54:56,400
ASPECTS OF BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL

4449
02:54:56,400 --> 02:55:00,640
IN CONTEXT OF PAIN DISPARITY NOT

4450
02:55:00,640 --> 02:55:02,720
FUNCTION OF INNATE BIOLOGICAL 

4451
02:55:02,720 --> 02:55:05,640
DIFFERENCES CONSEQUENCES OF 

4452
02:55:05,640 --> 02:55:07,440
DISPARATE SOCIAL ENCOUNTERS 

4453
02:55:07,440 --> 02:55:08,800
PEOPLE HAVE OVER THE YEARS AND 

4454
02:55:08,800 --> 02:55:11,240
BECAUSE OF THAT ARE MORE 

4455
02:55:11,240 --> 02:55:13,200
INFLAMED OR EP GENETICALLY ARE 

4456
02:55:13,200 --> 02:55:15,880
MORE VULNERABLE OR SOMETHING 

4457
02:55:15,880 --> 02:55:17,640
LIKE THAT.  MAKE SENSE?  

4458
02:55:17,640 --> 02:55:19,400
OKAY.  ANYTHING ELSE TO SAY TO 

4459
02:55:19,400 --> 02:55:21,520
THAT?  NO?  NAILED IT?  

4460
02:55:21,520 --> 02:55:22,120
VERY GOOD. 

4461
02:55:22,120 --> 02:55:24,080
>>WE ARE GETTING NEAR END
OF 

4462
02:55:24,080 --> 02:55:26,600
OUR TIME.  I WANT TO GIVE EACH 

4463
02:55:26,600 --> 02:55:29,080
OF YOU THE OPPORTUNITY TO LEAVE 

4464
02:55:29,080 --> 02:55:32,960
OUR AUDIENCE BOTH HERE AND 

4465
02:55:32,960 --> 02:55:34,160
ONLINE WITH A FINAL THOUGHT 

4466
02:55:34,160 --> 02:55:36,960
ABOUT THE ISSUES OF DISPARITIES 

4467
02:55:36,960 --> 02:55:42,960
AND RESILIENCE AND PAIN. 

4468
02:55:42,960 --> 02:55:44,440
CHRISTINE, WOULD YOU START?  

4469
02:55:44,440 --> 02:55:45,000
>>SURE. 

4470
02:55:45,000 --> 02:55:46,560
>>LET'S GO. 

4471
02:55:46,560 --> 02:55:49,040
>>THIS IS AN AREA THAT
NEEDS A 

4472
02:55:49,040 --> 02:55:51,200
LOT MORE STUDY. 

4473
02:55:51,200 --> 02:55:53,960
THIS, I THINK, GIVES ME HOPE 

4474
02:55:53,960 --> 02:55:56,240
THAT WHATEVER WE ARE LEARNING AS

4475
02:55:56,240 --> 02:55:59,240
A RESULT OF SORT OF WHAT 

4476
02:55:59,240 --> 02:56:02,680
CHARACTERISTICS SEEM TO BE 

4477
02:56:02,680 --> 02:56:04,920
IMPACTFUL FOR PEOPLE 

4478
02:56:04,920 --> 02:56:06,840
EXPERIENCING CHRONIC PAIN AND 

4479
02:56:06,840 --> 02:56:09,040
OPPORTUNITY TO THINK ABOUT HOW 

4480
02:56:09,040 --> 02:56:10,480
REGARDLESS WHERE SOMEONE IS ON 

4481
02:56:10,480 --> 02:56:13,320
THEIR AGE CONTINUUM, THEY CAN 

4482
02:56:13,320 --> 02:56:15,320
BENEFIT FROM SOME INTERVENTIONS 

4483
02:56:15,320 --> 02:56:19,920
AND FINDINGS THAT WE ARE 

4484
02:56:19,920 --> 02:56:22,960
LEARNING EVERY DAY THROUGH THIS 

4485
02:56:22,960 --> 02:56:25,000
SHARED WORK AND I'M EXCITED, 

4486
02:56:25,000 --> 02:56:27,920
ACTUALLY, WAY MORE THAN I WAS AS

4487
02:56:27,920 --> 02:56:30,720
A CLINICIAN 10 TO 15 YEARS AGO 

4488
02:56:30,720 --> 02:56:32,800
ABOUT WHAT WE CAN DO SUPPORTING 

4489
02:56:32,800 --> 02:56:34,840
PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN ACROSS 

4490
02:56:34,840 --> 02:56:45,280
THE ENTIRE AGE SPECTRUM. 

4491
02:56:48,080 --> 02:56:51,000
>>IN A VERY
HYPERPOLARIZED 

4492
02:56:51,000 --> 02:56:54,320
UNITED STATES IN 2023, MEDIA IS 

4493
02:56:54,320 --> 02:56:56,520
RIFE WITH ISSUES RELATED TO RACE

4494
02:56:56,520 --> 02:57:00,480
AND IMMIGRATION STATUS AND LGBTQ

4495
02:57:00,480 --> 02:57:03,720
AFFILIATION AND ADAMANT PEOPLE 

4496
02:57:03,720 --> 02:57:06,280
ON BOTH SIDES OF EVERY ARGUMENT 

4497
02:57:06,280 --> 02:57:08,560
AND WANT TO SAY MENTIONING THAT 

4498
02:57:08,560 --> 02:57:11,000
BECAUSE DISPARITIES ARE BORN 

4499
02:57:11,000 --> 02:57:12,200
THEREIN AND AT END OF THE DAY WE

4500
02:57:12,200 --> 02:57:13,880
ARE PEOPLE AND HAVE TO TAKE CARE

4501
02:57:13,880 --> 02:57:15,720
OF EACH OTHER AND DOESN'T MEAN 

4502
02:57:15,720 --> 02:57:17,480
WE ALWAYS HAVE TO AGREE WITH 

4503
02:57:17,480 --> 02:57:19,480
WHAT YOU SAY OR I SAY AND IF I 

4504
02:57:19,480 --> 02:57:21,640
AGREE WITH EVERYTHING YOU SAY, 

4505
02:57:21,640 --> 02:57:23,640
WE SHOULD TAKE INVENTORY WHAT IS

4506
02:57:23,640 --> 02:57:26,800
GOING ON HOOER AND POINT BEING 

4507
02:57:26,800 --> 02:57:28,160
IS WE ARE PEOPLE WHO NEED TO 

4508
02:57:28,160 --> 02:57:31,160
TAKE CARE OF EACH OTHER AND MORE

4509
02:57:31,160 --> 02:57:32,560
INTEREST IN HELPING OUT BROTHERS

4510
02:57:32,560 --> 02:57:34,160
AND SISTERS I THINK THE WORLD 

4511
02:57:34,160 --> 02:57:37,960
WOULD BE IN A MUCH BETTER PLACE 

4512
02:57:37,960 --> 02:57:39,680
AND HOPEFULLY WE CAN GET THERE 

4513
02:57:39,680 --> 02:57:43,800
AND AT END OF THE DAY LET'S TAKE

4514
02:57:43,800 --> 02:57:45,400
CARE OF EACH OTHER. 

4515
02:57:45,400 --> 02:57:48,320
>>THAT IS REALLY
WELL-SAID. I 

4516
02:57:48,320 --> 02:57:50,160
WILL KEEP IT 

4517
02:57:50,160 --> 02:57:52,680
UNCHARACTERISTICALLY SHORT.  

4518
02:57:52,680 --> 02:57:55,120
DISPARITIES AND PAIN HAVE BEEN 

4519
02:57:55,120 --> 02:57:56,760
WIDESPREAD AND PERVASIVE FOR AS 

4520
02:57:56,760 --> 02:57:58,480
LONG AS WE HAVE BEEN MEASURING 

4521
02:57:58,480 --> 02:58:00,400
THEM AND MADE A LITTLE PROGRESS 

4522
02:58:00,400 --> 02:58:02,080
IN REDUCING THEM AND ONLY A 

4523
02:58:02,080 --> 02:58:03,920
LITTLE NOT ENOUGH AND NOT NEARLY

4524
02:58:03,920 --> 02:58:07,480
FAST ENOUGH.  WE MIGHT HAVE AN 

4525
02:58:07,480 --> 02:58:09,160
OPPORTUNITY NOW TO FOCUS ON 

4526
02:58:09,160 --> 02:58:11,680
DEVELOPING AND REFINING AND 

4527
02:58:11,680 --> 02:58:15,800
ADAPTING RESILIENCE BUILDING 

4528
02:58:15,800 --> 02:58:16,680
INTERVENTIONS THAT WILL BE A 

4529
02:58:16,680 --> 02:58:17,880
CHANGE FROM WAY WE HAVE DONE 

4530
02:58:17,880 --> 02:58:20,440
THINGS IN THE PAST FOCUSING 

4531
02:58:20,440 --> 02:58:22,720
ENTIRELY ON RISK AND THAT NOVEL 

4532
02:58:22,720 --> 02:58:24,480
FOCUS ON RESILIENCE BUILDING 

4533
02:58:24,480 --> 02:58:25,960
INTERVENTIONS IN ADDITION TO 

4534
02:58:25,960 --> 02:58:30,200
HELPING ALL OUR PATIENTS MAY 

4535
02:58:30,200 --> 02:58:32,920
ACTIVELY HELP TO REDUCE 

4536
02:58:32,920 --> 02:58:34,840
DISPARITIES HAVING MOST 

4537
02:58:34,840 --> 02:58:36,440
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN MOST 

4538
02:58:36,440 --> 02:58:37,640
DISADVANTAGED SAMPLES OF PEOPLE 

4539
02:58:37,640 --> 02:58:40,120
THAT NEED IT MOST AND IS A 

4540
02:58:40,120 --> 02:58:41,960
REALLY EXCITING TIME TO WORK IN 

4541
02:58:41,960 --> 02:58:42,760
THIS AREA. 

4542
02:58:42,760 --> 02:58:44,320
>>THANK YOU ALL SO MUCH
AND 

4543
02:58:44,320 --> 02:58:47,400
THANK YOU FOR YOUR QUESTIONS. 

4544
02:58:47,400 --> 02:58:49,080
WE REALLY APPRECIATE THEM. 

4545
02:58:49,080 --> 02:58:51,880
I THINK THAT WE NOW BREAK FOR 

4546
02:58:51,880 --> 02:58:53,480
LUNCH; CORRECT?  

4547
02:58:53,480 --> 02:58:56,160
SO, FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE NOT

4548
02:58:56,160 --> 02:58:57,680
HERE, PLEASE ENJOY YOUR LUNCH.  

4549
02:58:57,680 --> 02:58:59,680
FOR THOSE HERE, WE ARE NOW GOING

4550
02:58:59,680 --> 02:59:04,920
TO BE ON BREAK.  WE WILL SEE YOU

4551
02:59:04,920 --> 02:59:07,240
BACK!  

4552
02:59:07,240 --> 02:59:08,320
>>AUDIENCE:  [APPLAUSE]. 

4553
02:59:08,320 --> 02:59:12,760
>>>>THANK YOU VERY
MUCH TO THE

4554
02:59:12,760 --> 02:59:15,320
AUDIENCE AND KAREN.  YOU 

4555
02:59:15,320 --> 02:59:18,560
IMPRESSIVELY KEPT US ON TIME.  

4556
02:59:18,560 --> 02:59:20,320
SCHEDULE SAYS LUNCH IS AT 12:10 

4557
02:59:20,320 --> 02:59:23,840
AND IT IS CURRENTLY 12:10. 

4558
02:59:23,840 --> 02:59:26,800
>>STRONG WORK!  

4559
02:59:26,800 --> 02:59:37,120
>>[LUNCH BREAK]. 

4560
03:01:58,360 --> 03:02:01,600
>>SO, MOST PREVALENT
THEME IS 

4561
03:02:01,600 --> 03:02:03,040
REPORTING SUPPORT FROM OTHERS 

4562
03:02:03,040 --> 03:02:05,000
AND SOMETIMES IS MORE PUSHING 

4563
03:02:05,000 --> 03:02:06,400
SUPPORT AND MOTIVATIONAL PIECE 

4564
03:02:06,400 --> 03:02:08,200
THEY GET FROM FAMILY AND FRIENDS

4565
03:02:08,200 --> 03:02:11,640
AND OTHER TIMES IS SUPPORTING 

4566
03:02:11,640 --> 03:02:12,920
IDENTIFIED UNDERSTANDING THAT IS

4567
03:02:12,920 --> 03:02:13,840
UNDERSTANDING WHAT THEY ARE 

4568
03:02:13,840 --> 03:02:15,560
GOING THROUGH AND HOW HARD IT IS

4569
03:02:15,560 --> 03:02:18,080
TO DO IT AND OTHER TIMES IT IS 

4570
03:02:18,080 --> 03:02:20,080
ACTUALLY HAVING SOMEONE DO 

4571
03:02:20,080 --> 03:02:21,520
ACTIVITY WITH THEM AND FRIEND OR

4572
03:02:21,520 --> 03:02:26,520
FAMILY MEMBER TO ENGAGE IN 

4573
03:02:26,520 --> 03:02:28,440
ACTIVITY AND MADE THEM 

4574
03:02:28,440 --> 03:02:28,840
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

4575
03:02:28,840 --> 03:02:29,560
PARTICIPANTS TALK ABOUT ALSO 

4576
03:02:29,560 --> 03:02:32,000
VALUE IN ACTIVITY AND 

4577
03:02:32,000 --> 03:02:33,080
UNDERSTANDING WHY THEY DO IT AND

4578
03:02:33,080 --> 03:02:35,560
THAT IT IS IMPORTANT AND 

4579
03:02:35,560 --> 03:02:37,360
IDENTIFYING WITH THAT PIECE.  

4580
03:02:37,360 --> 03:02:39,000
PERHAPS THAT IS AWESOME AND 

4581
03:02:39,000 --> 03:02:42,640
HELPS WITH MOTIVATION ASPECT. 

4582
03:02:42,640 --> 03:02:47,160
UNDERSTANDING ALSO DOING THESE 

4583
03:02:47,160 --> 03:02:48,480
ACTIVITIES IS NOT ONLY PART OF 

4584
03:02:48,480 --> 03:02:50,440
THE TREATMENT AND DOG THEM TO 

4585
03:02:50,440 --> 03:02:52,320
GET BETTER AND HAVING THAT 

4586
03:02:52,320 --> 03:02:56,920
ENGAGEMENT AND IS VALUES PIECE 

4587
03:02:56,920 --> 03:03:00,560
THAT SHOWS THROUGH AND TALK 

4588
03:03:00,560 --> 03:03:01,520
ABOUT ACKNOWLEDGING SMALL WINS 

4589
03:03:01,520 --> 03:03:03,640
AND GOALS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE 

4590
03:03:03,640 --> 03:03:07,600
THINGS AND CHRONIC PAIN COULD BE

4591
03:03:07,600 --> 03:03:12,920
A LONG JOURNEY RECOGNIZING SMALL

4592
03:03:12,920 --> 03:03:16,280
GOALS ALONG THE WAY HELP 

4593
03:03:16,280 --> 03:03:17,800
RECOGNIZING THINGS THAT MAYBE 

4594
03:03:17,800 --> 03:03:19,040
THEY COULDN'T DO BEFOREHAND BUT 

4595
03:03:19,040 --> 03:03:20,560
COULD NOW AND RECOGNIZING BEING 

4596
03:03:20,560 --> 03:03:23,040
AWARE AT TIMES THAT PAIN IS NOT 

4597
03:03:23,040 --> 03:03:25,040
AS SEVERE AS IT ONCE WAS AND 

4598
03:03:25,040 --> 03:03:26,960
ALSO KNOWING IT CAN STILL BE 

4599
03:03:26,960 --> 03:03:29,880
[INDISCERNIBLE] DOING SOME OF 

4600
03:03:29,880 --> 03:03:36,120
THESE THINGS SECOND TO THAT IS 

4601
03:03:36,120 --> 03:03:39,720
ASSOCIATED LONG TERM BEING AND 

4602
03:03:39,720 --> 03:03:42,720
KEEPING GOING IN LONG-TERM 

4603
03:03:42,720 --> 03:03:44,240
MOMENT AND GOING FORWARD AND 

4604
03:03:44,240 --> 03:03:45,240
BETTER UNDERSTANDING WHERE THEY 

4605
03:03:45,240 --> 03:03:48,960
ARE GOING AND WHAT THEY ARE DOG 

4606
03:03:48,960 --> 03:03:51,880
AND GOOD O- OUTCOME AND NO ONE 

4607
03:03:51,880 --> 03:03:54,240
HELPFUL AND BENEFICIAL FOR THEIR

4608
03:03:54,240 --> 03:03:55,880
HEALTH AND PAIN AND MOOD AND ALL

4609
03:03:55,880 --> 03:03:57,880
THAT STUFF. 

4610
03:03:57,880 --> 03:03:59,320
PARTICIPANTS ALSO DISCUSS 

4611
03:03:59,320 --> 03:03:59,880
UNDERSTANDING A CONNECTION 

4612
03:03:59,880 --> 03:04:01,280
BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND 

4613
03:04:01,280 --> 03:04:05,040
MOOD AND PAIN.  MORE THAN JUST 

4614
03:04:05,040 --> 03:04:09,000
DOING ACTIVITY BECAUSE THAT IS 

4615
03:04:09,000 --> 03:04:11,360
HOW THAT IS IN A MORE STRICT 

4616
03:04:11,360 --> 03:04:12,360
MANNER AND BETTER UNDERSTANDING 

4617
03:04:12,360 --> 03:04:14,400
HOW IT PLAYS INTO THE BROADER 

4618
03:04:14,400 --> 03:04:16,320
OPTION AND HOW IT EFFECTS MOOD 

4619
03:04:16,320 --> 03:04:18,880
AND EFFECTS MENTALITY AND EVEN 

4620
03:04:18,880 --> 03:04:21,680
IF THEY DON'T WANT TO DO IT, 

4621
03:04:21,680 --> 03:04:23,000
UNDERSTANDING HOW THAT IS WITH 

4622
03:04:23,000 --> 03:04:24,520
THEIR MOOD AND DOING SOME OF 

4623
03:04:24,520 --> 03:04:25,960
THESE THINGS ANYWAYS AND 

4624
03:04:25,960 --> 03:04:28,640
ATTITUDE AND SAYING HOW IT 

4625
03:04:28,640 --> 03:04:31,240
EFFECTS THEIR ASPECT AND 

4626
03:04:31,240 --> 03:04:32,040
ATTITUDE AND SOMETHING THEY DEAL

4627
03:04:32,040 --> 03:04:34,640
WITH EVERY DAY AND ALL THESE 

4628
03:04:34,640 --> 03:04:36,240
THEMES CAN BE DRAWN UPON I THINK

4629
03:04:36,240 --> 03:04:38,040
TO BE HELPFUL FOR FUTURE 

4630
03:04:38,040 --> 03:04:39,320
INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE IN 

4631
03:04:39,320 --> 03:04:42,320
ADDITION TO SOME MORE 

4632
03:04:42,320 --> 03:04:43,440
ACCEPTANCE-BASED COMMUNITY 

4633
03:04:43,440 --> 03:04:47,320
THERAPIES AND PIECES COMING MORE

4634
03:04:47,320 --> 03:04:49,160
COMMON AND INTERVENTIONS AND 

4635
03:04:49,160 --> 03:04:50,760
ALSO THINKING ABOUT HOW THESE 

4636
03:04:50,760 --> 03:04:54,960
THIJS APPLY TO ENGAGEMENT 

4637
03:04:54,960 --> 03:04:55,400
SPECIFICALLY. 

4638
03:04:55,400 --> 03:04:56,920
THANK YOU. 

4639
03:04:56,920 --> 03:04:59,360
>>I'M SARA BROWN AND POST

4640
03:04:59,360 --> 03:05:00,920
DOCTORAL SCHOLAR AT UNIVERSITY 

4641
03:05:00,920 --> 03:05:04,200
OF PITTSBURGH AND RESEARCH 

4642
03:05:04,200 --> 03:05:05,400
EXAMINES OVERLAP BETWEEN SOCIAL 

4643
03:05:05,400 --> 03:05:08,000
AND PHYSICAL PAIN INFLUENCES 

4644
03:05:08,000 --> 03:05:10,120
SUICIDE RIFSHG AND PAIN OVERLAPS

4645
03:05:10,120 --> 03:05:12,760
THEORY SUGGESTING SOCIAL AND 

4646
03:05:12,760 --> 03:05:14,120
PHYSICAL PAIN SHARE NEURAL 

4647
03:05:14,120 --> 03:05:16,760
STRUCTURES HAVE COMMON 

4648
03:05:16,760 --> 03:05:18,760
MECHANISMS INDUCE REDUCTION AND 

4649
03:05:18,760 --> 03:05:21,880
OTHERS AND ARE INFLUENCED BY 

4650
03:05:21,880 --> 03:05:32,160
OTHER FACTORS. 

4651
03:05:44,200 --> 03:05:45,960
WHERE SEVERE INSULTS ARE CHRONIC

4652
03:05:45,960 --> 03:05:48,200
SOCIAL EXCLUSION LEADS TO 

4653
03:05:48,200 --> 03:05:51,080
ALTERATION IN SYSTEM MALADAPTIVE

4654
03:05:51,080 --> 03:05:54,560
RESPONSE INCREASED RISK SUICIDE 

4655
03:05:54,560 --> 03:05:56,200
IDEATION AND ENGAGE IN BEHAVIORS

4656
03:05:56,200 --> 03:05:59,160
AND TESTING PROPOSED MODEL 

4657
03:05:59,160 --> 03:06:00,600
STUDYING ONE FOUND PARTIAL 

4658
03:06:00,600 --> 03:06:04,960
SUPPORT FOR MODEL AND ACUTE 

4659
03:06:04,960 --> 03:06:07,400
EXCLUSION BE RESULT IN GREATER 

4660
03:06:07,400 --> 03:06:11,320
DEATH AND PAIN SENLSTIVETY AND 

4661
03:06:11,320 --> 03:06:13,680
GREATER INTENTIONAL BUYASES 

4662
03:06:13,680 --> 03:06:15,040
TOWARDS SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND 

4663
03:06:15,040 --> 03:06:16,200
RESPONSES WOULD BUFFER AGAINST 

4664
03:06:16,200 --> 03:06:18,320
SUICIDE RISK AND STUDY 2 I 

4665
03:06:18,320 --> 03:06:20,720
EXAMINED REPEATED REJECTION IS 

4666
03:06:20,720 --> 03:06:23,560
ASSOCIATED WITH MALADAPTIVE 

4667
03:06:23,560 --> 03:06:25,720
COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE 

4668
03:06:25,720 --> 03:06:27,600
HYPERSENSITIVITY INCREASING RISK

4669
03:06:27,600 --> 03:06:29,360
SUICIDE IDEATION AND FOUND 

4670
03:06:29,360 --> 03:06:32,640
REJECTION SENSITIVITY THAT IS 

4671
03:06:32,640 --> 03:06:34,200
POSITIED DUE TO REPEATED 

4672
03:06:34,200 --> 03:06:36,480
EXPOSURE TO REJECTION IS 

4673
03:06:36,480 --> 03:06:37,840
ASSOCIATED WITH SUICIDE IDEATION

4674
03:06:37,840 --> 03:06:41,080
THROUGH GREATER FEELINGS OF 

4675
03:06:41,080 --> 03:06:42,800
BELONGING AND PERCEIVED BURDEN 

4676
03:06:42,800 --> 03:06:48,120
AND STUDY 3 IN ONGOING STUDY IN 

4677
03:06:48,120 --> 03:06:58,320
F32 ST

4678
03:16:50,720 --> 03:16:52,720
>>ADDITIONALLY, WHILE
SICKLE 

4679
03:16:52,720 --> 03:16:54,760
CELL PATIENTS ARE KNOWN TO HAVE 

4680
03:16:54,760 --> 03:16:57,400
HIGHER SENSITIVES NOT JUST 

4681
03:16:57,400 --> 03:17:00,480
STIMULI DATA SHOWS PATIENTS HAVE

4682
03:17:00,480 --> 03:17:02,600
REDUCED SENSITIVITY ARE 

4683
03:17:02,600 --> 03:17:04,560
PARTICULARLY FOR COLD AND 

4684
03:17:04,560 --> 03:17:07,720
PRESSURE PAIN AND HIGHER 

4685
03:17:07,720 --> 03:17:09,200
SENSITIZATION AND CONTROL IN 

4686
03:17:09,200 --> 03:17:12,800
POST CT PATIENTS MAY INDICATE 

4687
03:17:12,800 --> 03:17:14,160
POTENTIAL MECHANISM FOR PAIN 

4688
03:17:14,160 --> 03:17:17,040
PERSISTING APTITUDES OF CLARITY 

4689
03:17:17,040 --> 03:17:20,240
AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS INCLUDE 

4690
03:17:20,240 --> 03:17:22,200
LONGITUDINAL DURATION OF SICKLE 

4691
03:17:22,200 --> 03:17:24,240
CELL PATIENTS FOR CURATIVE 

4692
03:17:24,240 --> 03:17:26,200
THERAPY TO BETTER UNDERSTAND 

4693
03:17:26,200 --> 03:17:27,120
DISPOSITIONS OF THIS PAIN. 

4694
03:17:27,120 --> 03:17:29,720
>>BEHAVIORS AND SENSORY 

4695
03:17:29,720 --> 03:17:31,080
EXPERIENCES ARE CLOSELY LINKED 

4696
03:17:31,080 --> 03:17:34,120
AND BEHAVIOR ASSOCIATED WITH 

4697
03:17:34,120 --> 03:17:36,200
SENSORY EXPERIENCES ENGAGING 

4698
03:17:36,200 --> 03:17:38,000
WITH SENSORY EXPERIENCES IS 

4699
03:17:38,000 --> 03:17:40,600
BEHAVIOR AND MAKING REASONABLY 

4700
03:17:40,600 --> 03:17:44,280
-- ANIMALS MUST BE ABLE TO DO 

4701
03:17:44,280 --> 03:17:48,920
COSTS AND BENEFITS THAT 

4702
03:17:48,920 --> 03:17:50,040
EXPERIENCE REPRESENT. 

4703
03:17:50,040 --> 03:17:51,160
COMPUTING AND COMPARING 

4704
03:17:51,160 --> 03:17:53,520
SUBJECTIVE VALUES FOR EACH 

4705
03:17:53,520 --> 03:17:54,800
SENSORY EXPERIENCE AND THEORY 

4706
03:17:54,800 --> 03:17:56,680
GOES ON TO STATE NEURAL 

4707
03:17:56,680 --> 03:17:59,160
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING VALUES 

4708
03:17:59,160 --> 03:18:01,800
SHOULD BE DOMAIN GENERAL TO 

4709
03:18:01,800 --> 03:18:03,960
COMPARISONS ACROSS DIFFERENT 

4710
03:18:03,960 --> 03:18:06,760
STIMULI AND NOTABLY CLAIMS OF 

4711
03:18:06,760 --> 03:18:10,800
MOTIVATIONAL EXPERIENCES SUCH AS

4712
03:18:10,800 --> 03:18:13,520
PLEASANTNESS AND UNPLEASANTNESS 

4713
03:18:13,520 --> 03:18:17,000
ARISE FROM VALUATIONS AND 

4714
03:18:17,000 --> 03:18:18,640
EFFECTIVE MOTIVATION OF ASPECTS 

4715
03:18:18,640 --> 03:18:20,960
OF SENSATION EMERGE AND IF TRUE 

4716
03:18:20,960 --> 03:18:22,920
THEORY MAY HAVE MAJOR 

4717
03:18:22,920 --> 03:18:24,080
IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING 

4718
03:18:24,080 --> 03:18:27,160
AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC 

4719
03:18:27,160 --> 03:18:29,720
OVERLAPPING CONDITIONS THAT ARE 

4720
03:18:29,720 --> 03:18:32,680
AMPLIFIED BY MANY EXPERIENCES OF

4721
03:18:32,680 --> 03:18:34,320
STIMULI AND PAIN AND PHYSICAL 

4722
03:18:34,320 --> 03:18:36,400
EFFORT AND THEORY REMAINS 

4723
03:18:36,400 --> 03:18:39,120
LARGELY TESTED AND STUDY WE 

4724
03:18:39,120 --> 03:18:42,440
TESTED THEORY BEHAVIORALLY 

4725
03:18:42,440 --> 03:18:43,960
ASSESSING CORRELATION OBJECTIVE 

4726
03:18:43,960 --> 03:18:45,600
HEAT PAIN AND OBJECTIVE 

4727
03:18:45,600 --> 03:18:47,000
EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL EFFORT 

4728
03:18:47,000 --> 03:18:50,400
AND THIS PREDICTS THEY BE 

4729
03:18:50,400 --> 03:18:52,920
CLOSELY CORRELATED HEAT PAIN 13 

4730
03:18:52,920 --> 03:18:56,960
HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS -- EACH 

4731
03:18:56,960 --> 03:18:59,680
ADMINISTERED 18 NOXIOUS HEAT 

4732
03:18:59,680 --> 03:19:01,680
IMPULSES RATED EFFECTIVE 

4733
03:19:01,680 --> 03:19:05,080
MOTIVATIONAL UNMREZANTNESS AND 

4734
03:19:05,080 --> 03:19:07,920
DISCRIMINATIVE INTENSITY 

4735
03:19:07,920 --> 03:19:10,320
COMPONENTS OF ANALOG SCALES 

4736
03:19:10,320 --> 03:19:12,560
RATINGS TO CREATE SINGLE 

4737
03:19:12,560 --> 03:19:15,400
INTENSITY VARIABLE AND SINGLE 

4738
03:19:15,400 --> 03:19:16,960
UNPLEASANTNESS VARIABLE AND 

4739
03:19:16,960 --> 03:19:20,240
EFFORT VOLUNTEERS UNDERWENT 

4740
03:19:20,240 --> 03:19:22,760
EFFORT EXPENDITURE AWARDS TASK 

4741
03:19:22,760 --> 03:19:24,600
REPEATEDLY CHOSE PERFORMING EASY

4742
03:19:24,600 --> 03:19:28,040
TASK FOR SMALL FIXED CASH REWARD

4743
03:19:28,040 --> 03:19:30,240
AND HARD TASK FREE OF LARGE 

4744
03:19:30,240 --> 03:19:32,000
VARIABLE CASH REWARD AND 

4745
03:19:32,000 --> 03:19:33,080
SUBJECTIVE VALUE EFFORT THAT IS 

4746
03:19:33,080 --> 03:19:35,760
LOW TO SAY EFFORT IS CHEAP 

4747
03:19:35,760 --> 03:19:37,800
CHOOSE TO DO HARD TASKS FOR 

4748
03:19:37,800 --> 03:19:40,920
THOSE WHOSE EFFORT IS COSTLY AND

4749
03:19:40,920 --> 03:19:43,600
ESTIMATED EQUATION MODELS 

4750
03:19:43,600 --> 03:19:45,640
AVERAGE -- PREDICTED PROBABILITY

4751
03:19:45,640 --> 03:19:48,120
THAT VOLUNTEERS CHOOSE HARD TASK

4752
03:19:48,120 --> 03:19:50,600
FOR GIVEN TRIAL AND REWARD 

4753
03:19:50,600 --> 03:19:53,160
CONSISTENT WITH PREDICTIONS PAIN

4754
03:19:53,160 --> 03:19:55,240
UNMREZANTNESS IN GREEN AND PAIN 

4755
03:19:55,240 --> 03:19:56,920
INTENSITY IN ORANGE DID NOT AND 

4756
03:19:56,920 --> 03:19:59,200
IN SUMMARY GREATER EXTENT TO 

4757
03:19:59,200 --> 03:20:01,040
WHICH PEOPLE FOUND HEAT PAIN TO 

4758
03:20:01,040 --> 03:20:03,160
BE UNPLEASANT MORE THEY NEED 

4759
03:20:03,160 --> 03:20:06,280
TODAY PA I TO PER FORM 

4760
03:20:06,280 --> 03:20:09,920
PHYSICALLY EFFORTFUL TASK AND 

4761
03:20:09,920 --> 03:20:12,400
SUPPORT FOR EXISTENCE OF 

4762
03:20:12,400 --> 03:20:16,280
AFOREMENTIONED SYSTEM AND THIS 

4763
03:20:16,280 --> 03:20:18,160
BY NO MEANS REPRESENTS 

4764
03:20:18,160 --> 03:20:19,240
DEFINITIVE PROOF AND BELIEVE 

4765
03:20:19,240 --> 03:20:29,400
THAT INVESTIGATION IS WARRANTED.

4766
03:20:29,400 --> 03:20:32,840
>>I'M SAMANTHA AND PAIN 

4767
03:20:32,840 --> 03:20:35,880
PSYCHOLOGY AT HOSPITAL AND 

4768
03:20:35,880 --> 03:20:37,600
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT HARVARD 

4769
03:20:37,600 --> 03:20:38,880
MEDICAL SCHOOL AND WILL TELL YOU

4770
03:20:38,880 --> 03:20:41,520
TODAY ABOUT A PROJECT WE FOUND 

4771
03:20:41,520 --> 03:20:43,400
TREATING NEGATIVE AFFECT AND 

4772
03:20:43,400 --> 03:20:46,920
CHRONIC PAIN REDUCES HEALTH 

4773
03:20:46,920 --> 03:20:49,760
RELATED STIGMA IN PATIENTS WITH 

4774
03:20:49,760 --> 03:20:51,200
CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN EXPERIENCE

4775
03:20:51,200 --> 03:20:53,400
HIGH LEVELS OF NEGATIVE AFFECT 

4776
03:20:53,400 --> 03:20:55,840
AND THOSE THAT DO REPORT GREATER

4777
03:20:55,840 --> 03:20:57,160
PAIN AND WORSE TREATMENT 

4778
03:20:57,160 --> 03:20:59,840
OUTCOMES AND ARE AT RISK FOR 

4779
03:20:59,840 --> 03:21:02,120
OPIOID MISUSE AND THEY ARE MORE 

4780
03:21:02,120 --> 03:21:04,240
LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE STIGMA AT 

4781
03:21:04,240 --> 03:21:06,680
INTERSECTION OF PAIN AND MENTAL 

4782
03:21:06,680 --> 03:21:09,440
HEALTH AND OPIOID YOUTH.  WE 

4783
03:21:09,440 --> 03:21:11,280
CAPITALIZED ON RANDOMIZED 

4784
03:21:11,280 --> 03:21:12,880
CLINICAL TRIAL TO EXAMINE 

4785
03:21:12,880 --> 03:21:14,320
TREATMENT RELATED CHANGES OVER 

4786
03:21:14,320 --> 03:21:17,040
TIME IN INTERSECTIONAL HEALTH 

4787
03:21:17,040 --> 03:21:19,720
RELATED STIGMA IN PATIENTS WITH 

4788
03:21:19,720 --> 03:21:22,080
CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN AND HIGH 

4789
03:21:22,080 --> 03:21:23,600
NEGATIVE AFFECT AND STUDY HAS 

4790
03:21:23,600 --> 03:21:26,280
GOAL OF 250 PARTICIPANTS 

4791
03:21:26,280 --> 03:21:27,240
RECRUITMENT AND DATA COLLECTION 

4792
03:21:27,240 --> 03:21:31,560
IS ONGOING AND GIVING PEAK AT 

4793
03:21:31,560 --> 03:21:35,280
RESULTS FOR [INDISCERNIBLE] 

4794
03:21:35,280 --> 03:21:38,040
SAMPLE IS WHITE AND NON-HISPANIC

4795
03:21:38,040 --> 03:21:42,520
AND 25% ARE OPIOID MEDICATION 

4796
03:21:42,520 --> 03:21:43,760
PRESCRIBED AND PATIENTS 

4797
03:21:43,760 --> 03:21:47,760
COMPLETED 16 WEEKS OF 

4798
03:21:47,760 --> 03:21:49,880
ANTIDEPRESSANT OPTIMIZATION AND 

4799
03:21:49,880 --> 03:21:52,960
REHABILITATION OR E FAR OR 

4800
03:21:52,960 --> 03:21:58,080
COMBINATION OF TWOT AND THOSE IN

4801
03:21:58,080 --> 03:21:59,120
ANTIDEPRESSANT GROUP RECEIVED 

4802
03:21:59,120 --> 03:22:01,680
[INDISCERNIBLE] FOR EXAMPLE THIS

4803
03:22:01,680 --> 03:22:04,360
INCLUDES INCREASED DOSE 

4804
03:22:04,360 --> 03:22:06,000
AUGMENTATION WITH ADDITIONAL 

4805
03:22:06,000 --> 03:22:08,920
MEDICATION OR COMPLETE CHANGE IN

4806
03:22:08,920 --> 03:22:11,440
REJIMMEN AND PARTICIPANTS 

4807
03:22:11,440 --> 03:22:12,760
INTERACTED WITH PAIN 

4808
03:22:12,760 --> 03:22:15,040
PSYCHIATRIST EVERY 2 TO 4 WEEKS 

4809
03:22:15,040 --> 03:22:17,480
AND IN EFAR GROUP RECEIVED 845 

4810
03:22:17,480 --> 03:22:20,920
MINUTE PHYSICAL AND OCCUPATIONAL

4811
03:22:20,920 --> 03:22:24,400
THERAPY SESSION THAT INCLUDED 

4812
03:22:24,400 --> 03:22:26,680
GREAT EXPOSURE EXERCISE PAIN 

4813
03:22:26,680 --> 03:22:28,840
EDUCATION MOTIVATIONAL 

4814
03:22:28,840 --> 03:22:31,640
INTERVIEWING AND USE OF 

4815
03:22:31,640 --> 03:22:37,640
SMARTPHONE APP AND D- -- 

4816
03:22:37,640 --> 03:22:41,080
PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED STIGMA AT

4817
03:22:41,080 --> 03:22:42,800
BASELINE 8 TO 6 WEEKS AT START 

4818
03:22:42,800 --> 03:22:45,520
OF TREATMENT AND USING VALIDATED

4819
03:22:45,520 --> 03:22:49,200
MEASURE OF STIGMA AND 

4820
03:22:49,200 --> 03:22:50,920
INTERNALIZED STIGMA AND 

4821
03:22:50,920 --> 03:22:53,800
SELF-STIGMA AND PERCEIVING 

4822
03:22:53,800 --> 03:22:56,920
PUBLIC STIGMA SCALE MENTAL 

4823
03:22:56,920 --> 03:22:59,880
HEALTH STIGMA AND SCALE STIGMA 

4824
03:22:59,880 --> 03:23:01,760
RELATED OPIOID USE THAT IS USED 

4825
03:23:01,760 --> 03:23:04,960
FOR OPIOID ABUSE ADJUSTING 

4826
03:23:04,960 --> 03:23:06,920
LANGUAGE TO RECEIVE PRESCRIPTION

4827
03:23:06,920 --> 03:23:08,920
OF ADVERSE TERMINOLOGY AND ALSO 

4828
03:23:08,920 --> 03:23:12,200
PARTICIPANTS TAKING OPIOIDS 

4829
03:23:12,200 --> 03:23:14,080
PERCEIVE HARM SCALE TO THIS 

4830
03:23:14,080 --> 03:23:15,200
MEASURE PARTICULARLY THOSE USING

4831
03:23:15,200 --> 03:23:18,360
THE MEDICATION.  WE CONDUCTED 

4832
03:23:18,360 --> 03:23:20,160
MIXED MODEL ANOVA TO LOOK AT 

4833
03:23:20,160 --> 03:23:21,840
MAIN EFFECTS OF TIME COMPARING 

4834
03:23:21,840 --> 03:23:23,240
ALL THREE TEMPLATES. 

4835
03:23:23,240 --> 03:23:25,440
AND THEN WE ALSO EXAMINE 

4836
03:23:25,440 --> 03:23:26,840
INTERACTION OF TIME AND 

4837
03:23:26,840 --> 03:23:28,640
TREATMENT TO SEE IF THERE ARE 

4838
03:23:28,640 --> 03:23:30,680
DIFFERENCES IN CHANGE IN STIGMA 

4839
03:23:30,680 --> 03:23:32,240
ACROSS THREE TREATMENT GROUPS. 

4840
03:23:32,240 --> 03:23:34,840
WE FOUND THAT CHRONIC PAIN AND 

4841
03:23:34,840 --> 03:23:36,920
MENTAL HEALTH RELATED STIGMA 

4842
03:23:36,920 --> 03:23:38,360
IMPROVED OVER TIME AND THERE 

4843
03:23:38,360 --> 03:23:40,800
WERE NO INTERACTIONS WITH 

4844
03:23:40,800 --> 03:23:42,160
TREATMENT GROUPS. 

4845
03:23:42,160 --> 03:23:44,600
THAT IS STIGMA DECREASES 

4846
03:23:44,600 --> 03:23:46,880
SIMILARLY ACROSS ALL THREE 

4847
03:23:46,880 --> 03:23:47,840
TREATMENT GROUPS. 

4848
03:23:47,840 --> 03:23:52,640
FOR OPIOID RELATED STIGMA WE SAW

4849
03:23:52,640 --> 03:23:54,240
IMPROVEMENT IN AWARENESS OF 

4850
03:23:54,240 --> 03:23:56,920
OPIOID RELATED STIGMA ONLY FOR 

4851
03:23:56,920 --> 03:23:59,280
THOSE PRESCRIBED OPIOID 

4852
03:23:59,280 --> 03:24:00,520
MEDICATION OTHERWISE WERE NO 

4853
03:24:00,520 --> 03:24:00,800
CHANGES. 

4854
03:24:00,800 --> 03:24:02,640
BECAUSE THERE WAS NO GROUP 

4855
03:24:02,640 --> 03:24:04,840
DIFFERENCES OR INTERACTIONS 

4856
03:24:04,840 --> 03:24:06,840
BETWEEN GROUPS AND TIME, WE 

4857
03:24:06,840 --> 03:24:08,280
COMBINED DATA FROM ALL THREE 

4858
03:24:08,280 --> 03:24:09,160
TREATMENT GROUPS IN GRAPHS THAT 

4859
03:24:09,160 --> 03:24:12,800
ARE PRESENTED HERE TO MAKE DATA 

4860
03:24:12,800 --> 03:24:16,640
A BIT MORE CLEAR.  STICKING 

4861
03:24:16,640 --> 03:24:18,160
TOGETHER, RESULTS SUGGEST THAT 

4862
03:24:18,160 --> 03:24:19,640
PARTICIPATION IN THIS RESEARCH 

4863
03:24:19,640 --> 03:24:21,760
STUDY RESULT IN IMPROVEMENTS IN 

4864
03:24:21,760 --> 03:24:24,480
PAIN AND HEALTH-ELATED STIGMA 

4865
03:24:24,480 --> 03:24:26,880
AND TREATMENT SPECIFIC EFFECT 

4866
03:24:26,880 --> 03:24:28,680
LIKE WE MIGHT HYPOTHESIZE WE 

4867
03:24:28,680 --> 03:24:31,000
INSTEAD ARE LIKELY SEEING EFFECT

4868
03:24:31,000 --> 03:24:33,960
OF NONSPECIFIC FACTORS 

4869
03:24:33,960 --> 03:24:36,200
INTERACTING WITH STUDY STAFF AND

4870
03:24:36,200 --> 03:24:37,280
PROVIDER WHERE'S NORMALIZATION 

4871
03:24:37,280 --> 03:24:41,000
OF PAIN AND MENTAL HEALTH AND 

4872
03:24:41,000 --> 03:24:43,240
ALSO IN LOOKING AND IN FUTURE 

4873
03:24:43,240 --> 03:24:44,960
WOULD BE IMPORTANT TO EXAMINE 

4874
03:24:44,960 --> 03:24:48,960
HOW TYPES OF STIGMA INTERACT TO 

4875
03:24:48,960 --> 03:24:51,160
PROTECT PAIN EXPERIENCE AND 

4876
03:24:51,160 --> 03:24:52,240
TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND IMPORTANT

4877
03:24:52,240 --> 03:24:54,280
TO EXPLORE FINDINGS IN 

4878
03:24:54,280 --> 03:24:56,640
MARGINALIZED GROUPS TO EXAMINE 

4879
03:24:56,640 --> 03:25:00,920
EFFECTS OF OTHER TYPES OF 

4880
03:25:00,920 --> 03:25:01,440
STIGMA.  

4881
03:25:01,440 --> 03:25:05,800
THANK YOU.  

4882
03:25:05,800 --> 03:25:08,040
>>HELLO.  THE GOAL OF MY
WORK 

4883
03:25:08,040 --> 03:25:10,800
IS TO UNDERSTAND HOW MOTOR 

4884
03:25:10,800 --> 03:25:11,840
CORTEX STIMULATION INDUCES 

4885
03:25:11,840 --> 03:25:13,920
[INDISCERNIBLE] WORKS USING 

4886
03:25:13,920 --> 03:25:16,400
ANIMAL MODELS AND MICE 

4887
03:25:16,400 --> 03:25:18,320
SPECIFICALLY TO IMPROVE 

4888
03:25:18,320 --> 03:25:21,080
PROTOCOLS THAT ARE THEN USED IN 

4889
03:25:21,080 --> 03:25:21,480
HUMANS. 

4890
03:25:21,480 --> 03:25:24,440
SO, FIRST I WANTED TO UNDERSTAND

4891
03:25:24,440 --> 03:25:26,200
WHERE IN THE MOUSE MOTOR CORTEX 

4892
03:25:26,200 --> 03:25:28,000
TO STIMULATE INDUCING PAIN IN 

4893
03:25:28,000 --> 03:25:30,160
PART OF THE FACE AND LOOKED FOR 

4894
03:25:30,160 --> 03:25:32,960
WHERE THERE IS INCREASE IN 

4895
03:25:32,960 --> 03:25:36,360
NEURAL ACTIVITY USING A CENSOR I

4896
03:25:36,360 --> 03:25:39,280
CAN IMAGE INDIVIDUAL NEURONS 

4897
03:25:39,280 --> 03:25:41,520
ACTIVITY AND HOPEFULLY YOU CAN 

4898
03:25:41,520 --> 03:25:43,680
SEE IN THE RESOLUTION INDIVIDUAL

4899
03:25:43,680 --> 03:25:47,720
NEURONS RUN ACROSS THE DORSAL 

4900
03:25:47,720 --> 03:25:49,680
SURFACE OF MOUSE MOTOR CORTEX 

4901
03:25:49,680 --> 03:25:52,400
AND MOST NEURONS IN MOTOR CORTEX

4902
03:25:52,400 --> 03:25:55,240
WERE ACTIVE IN SALINE AND 

4903
03:25:55,240 --> 03:25:57,640
SPECIFICALLY IN REGION OF MOTOR 

4904
03:25:57,640 --> 03:26:00,400
CORTEX AND M2 REGION WE SAW LOTS

4905
03:26:00,400 --> 03:26:02,240
MORE ACTIVITY AND WHERE I HAVE 

4906
03:26:02,240 --> 03:26:05,600
MY STIMULATION AND I USED 

4907
03:26:05,600 --> 03:26:10,280
TRIGEMINAL NEUROPATHIC PAIN 

4908
03:26:10,280 --> 03:26:14,520
MODEL THEN I USED FILAMENT 

4909
03:26:14,520 --> 03:26:19,040
THROUGHOUT TO DETERMINE OR INFER

4910
03:26:19,040 --> 03:26:22,920
PAIN STATE OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND

4911
03:26:22,920 --> 03:26:24,760
EACH TREATMENT IS FIVE MINUTES 

4912
03:26:24,760 --> 03:26:28,320
LONG AND MEASURED THRESHOLD AND 

4913
03:26:28,320 --> 03:26:29,960
TREATMENT AND DEVELOPED COIL 

4914
03:26:29,960 --> 03:26:32,480
WITH IMPORTANT FEATURE WHERE 

4915
03:26:32,480 --> 03:26:35,080
MAGNETTIVE FIELD IS MAGNITUDE TO

4916
03:26:35,080 --> 03:26:36,840
HUMANS AND NARROW AND IN MOUSE 

4917
03:26:36,840 --> 03:26:38,880
AND COULD INDUCE MOVEMENT AND 

4918
03:26:38,880 --> 03:26:42,160
AFTER THE INJURY STATE OR MICE 

4919
03:26:42,160 --> 03:26:45,720
IN CHRONIC INJURY STATE AND 

4920
03:26:45,720 --> 03:26:47,840
INNOCUOUS BEHAVIORS AND TOUCH 

4921
03:26:47,840 --> 03:26:51,200
AND TEMPORARILY REDUCED IN MICE 

4922
03:26:51,200 --> 03:26:55,520
RECEIVING 75 OR 50% TMS 

4923
03:26:55,520 --> 03:26:56,920
TREATMENT FOR ONE WEEK BEFORE IT

4924
03:26:56,920 --> 03:26:59,160
STARTED TO CREEP BACK UP AND YOU

4925
03:26:59,160 --> 03:27:00,640
SEE INDIVIDUAL MICE EFFICACY 

4926
03:27:00,640 --> 03:27:02,400
SCORES AND SEE BEFORE AND AFTER 

4927
03:27:02,400 --> 03:27:04,960
OF EACH STIMULATION IN EACH 

4928
03:27:04,960 --> 03:27:10,960
MOUSE PER TREATMENT TYPE AND IN 

4929
03:27:10,960 --> 03:27:14,040
MICE WITH OPIOID RECEPTOR 

4930
03:27:14,040 --> 03:27:16,680
KNOCKOUTS THEY CHANGED 

4931
03:27:16,680 --> 03:27:21,280
SUGGESTING THAT THE RECEPTOR IS 

4932
03:27:21,280 --> 03:27:23,400
REQUIRES AND LOOK AT AREAS 

4933
03:27:23,400 --> 03:27:27,120
INVOLVING ENDOGENOUS OPIOID 

4934
03:27:27,120 --> 03:27:30,000
SIGNALING IMPORTANT FOR PAIN AND

4935
03:27:30,000 --> 03:27:32,440
SETTLED ON PAIN CONTROL CIRCUITS

4936
03:27:32,440 --> 03:27:41,200
LOOKING AT ROSTER MEDULLA AREA 

4937
03:27:41,200 --> 03:27:44,440
TO PREVENT PAIN AND STARTED TO 

4938
03:27:44,440 --> 03:27:49,920
LOOK AT MODULATING TONE AND 5 

4939
03:27:49,920 --> 03:27:53,400
MINUTES INTO RBM BEFORE THE 

4940
03:27:53,400 --> 03:27:57,280
TREATMENT NALOXONE INTO THIS 

4941
03:27:57,280 --> 03:28:03,200
BLOCKED EFFECTS AND 

4942
03:28:03,200 --> 03:28:04,800
NOREPINEPHRINE ENHANCED AND 

4943
03:28:04,800 --> 03:28:08,920
TAKING THESE AREAS NEUROPICHLEL 

4944
03:28:08,920 --> 03:28:11,120
PROBES AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PROBES 

4945
03:28:11,120 --> 03:28:12,960
IDENTIFYING IN OFF CELLS HAVE 

4946
03:28:12,960 --> 03:28:15,960
FIBROID DECREASE DURING PAIN 

4947
03:28:15,960 --> 03:28:18,680
STIMULUS AND COMPARED FIRING OF 

4948
03:28:18,680 --> 03:28:20,440
NEURON ACROSS RETENTION OF TMS 

4949
03:28:20,440 --> 03:28:24,520
AND READ OUT COMPARED TO HUMAN 

4950
03:28:24,520 --> 03:28:28,120
POPULATION AND THANK YOU FOR MY 

4951
03:28:28,120 --> 03:28:30,000
FUNDING.  THANKS VERY MUCH. 

4952
03:28:30,000 --> 03:28:32,800
>>HI.  WE ARE INTERESTED
IN 

4953
03:28:32,800 --> 03:28:34,080
UNDERSTANDING CHRONIC PAIN 

4954
03:28:34,080 --> 03:28:36,920
MECHANISMS SPECIFICALLY EARLY 

4955
03:28:36,920 --> 03:28:40,360
LIFE IMMUNE ACTIVATION PRENATAL 

4956
03:28:40,360 --> 03:28:42,760
EXPOSURE CAUSES LONG-LASTING 

4957
03:28:42,760 --> 03:28:46,200
CHANGES FROM IMMUNE FUNCTION AND

4958
03:28:46,200 --> 03:28:55,560
NEGATIVELY IMPACT CHRONIC PAIN. 

4959
03:28:55,560 --> 03:28:56,840
ALTHOUGH PAIN RESILIENCE HAS 

4960
03:28:56,840 --> 03:28:59,080
BEEN THOUGHT TO BE REGULATED BY 

4961
03:28:59,080 --> 03:29:01,880
NUMBER OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS 

4962
03:29:01,880 --> 03:29:04,920
WE APPRECIATE THAT NEUROIMMUNE 

4963
03:29:04,920 --> 03:29:06,800
AND NEUROENDOCRINE FUNCTION CAN 

4964
03:29:06,800 --> 03:29:08,920
PLAY A VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN 

4965
03:29:08,920 --> 03:29:11,800
PAIN RESILIENCE AND PROCESS OF 

4966
03:29:11,800 --> 03:29:12,880
PAIN RECOVERY THAT IS VERY 

4967
03:29:12,880 --> 03:29:15,760
IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE THAT 

4968
03:29:15,760 --> 03:29:18,880
THERE COULD BE CLINICAL 

4969
03:29:18,880 --> 03:29:21,400
PUBLICATION FOR RISK OF 

4970
03:29:21,400 --> 03:29:27,240
NEUROIMMUNE FUNCTION AND POOR 

4971
03:29:27,240 --> 03:29:32,800
NEURORECOVERY EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL

4972
03:29:32,800 --> 03:29:34,760
THROUGHOUT PREGNANCY AND WHEN 

4973
03:29:34,760 --> 03:29:35,680
OFFSPRING ARE BORN WE WAIT UNTIL

4974
03:29:35,680 --> 03:29:38,880
THEY ARE ADULTS AND EXPOSE THEM 

4975
03:29:38,880 --> 03:29:41,160
TO MINOR CHRONIC CONSTRUCTION 

4976
03:29:41,160 --> 03:29:43,440
INJURY OF SCIATIC NERVE THAT IS 

4977
03:29:43,440 --> 03:29:45,280
MINOR ENOUGH THAT MINIMIZED 

4978
03:29:45,280 --> 03:29:48,560
INJURY DOESN'T REALLY CAUSE ANY 

4979
03:29:48,560 --> 03:29:51,000
ALODEANIA IN NON-PA CONTROLLED 

4980
03:29:51,000 --> 03:29:54,120
ANIMALS AND NOW SEE THERE IS 

4981
03:29:54,120 --> 03:29:55,640
INCREASED SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT 

4982
03:29:55,640 --> 03:29:58,840
TOUCH ONLY IN PRENATAL ALCOHOL 

4983
03:29:58,840 --> 03:30:00,840
EXPOSED ANIMALS SO THEY DEVELOP 

4984
03:30:00,840 --> 03:30:03,240
ALODEANIA FOR TWO WEEKS BEFORE 

4985
03:30:03,240 --> 03:30:04,240
THEY SPONTANEOUSLY RESULT AND 

4986
03:30:04,240 --> 03:30:06,560
WHAT IS MORE INTERESTING IS THAT

4987
03:30:06,560 --> 03:30:09,680
IF WE TREAT THIS MICE WITH MOR 

4988
03:30:09,680 --> 03:30:11,480
TEEN AND STANDARD PAIN 

4989
03:30:11,480 --> 03:30:13,800
THERAPEUTICS WE SEE ALODEANIA IS

4990
03:30:13,800 --> 03:30:15,680
SIGNIFICANTLY PROLONGED FOR A 

4991
03:30:15,680 --> 03:30:18,640
COUPLE MORE WEEKS IN THIS PA 

4992
03:30:18,640 --> 03:30:21,520
ADULT MICE AND IN OUR LAB WE ARE

4993
03:30:21,520 --> 03:30:23,400
VERY INTERESTED IN UNDERSTANDING

4994
03:30:23,400 --> 03:30:24,840
WHY MORPHING TREATMENT WOULD 

4995
03:30:24,840 --> 03:30:27,240
FURTHER PROLONG ALODEANIA UNDER 

4996
03:30:27,240 --> 03:30:29,680
PA CONDITIONS AND WE SUSPECT 

4997
03:30:29,680 --> 03:30:34,320
THERE IS POSSIBLY INCREASED TLR4

4998
03:30:34,320 --> 03:30:35,840
SIGNALING IN PRESENCE OF 

4999
03:30:35,840 --> 03:30:39,280
MORPHINE ON PE-PRIMED GLIAL 

5000
03:30:39,280 --> 03:30:41,160
IMMUNE CELLS AND BELIEVE THERE 

5001
03:30:41,160 --> 03:30:44,200
IS SIGNIFICANTLY UNIQUE PATTERN 

5002
03:30:44,200 --> 03:30:46,240
OF NONCODING CIRCULAR RNA 

5003
03:30:46,240 --> 03:30:48,600
EXPRESSION IN SPINAL CORD IN 

5004
03:30:48,600 --> 03:30:51,240
ALODEANIC MICE COMPARED TO 

5005
03:30:51,240 --> 03:30:53,880
NONALODEANIC MICE AND 

5006
03:30:53,880 --> 03:30:56,200
INTERESTINGLY THESE ARE ENRICHED

5007
03:30:56,200 --> 03:30:57,560
WITH GENES TO [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5008
03:30:57,560 --> 03:31:00,520
ACTIVATION AND WE BELIEVE THAT 

5009
03:31:00,520 --> 03:31:03,240
EARLY LIFE CIRCULAR MODULATION 

5010
03:31:03,240 --> 03:31:06,200
COULD ACTUALLY DRIVE TLR4 

5011
03:31:06,200 --> 03:31:08,000
SIGNALING PATHWAYS SUCH THAT 

5012
03:31:08,000 --> 03:31:09,600
MORPHINE TREATMENT FURTHER 

5013
03:31:09,600 --> 03:31:13,280
PROLONGS ALODEANIA IN PLE MICE 

5014
03:31:13,280 --> 03:31:15,800
AND BELIEVED THAT CIRCLE COULD 

5015
03:31:15,800 --> 03:31:18,240
BE NOVEL THERAPEUTICS TO 

5016
03:31:18,240 --> 03:31:20,920
REGULATE NEUROIMMUNE DISFUNCTION

5017
03:31:20,920 --> 03:31:23,320
AND IMPROVED RECOVERY FROM 

5018
03:31:23,320 --> 03:31:25,160
CHRONIC PAIN AND HAPPY TO TALK 

5019
03:31:25,160 --> 03:31:30,480
ABOUT THAT AT E-MAILS OR AT MY 

5020
03:31:30,480 --> 03:31:31,160
POSTER. 

5021
03:31:31,160 --> 03:31:32,800
>>SEVERE FORM OF PAIN 

5022
03:31:32,800 --> 03:31:34,600
IMAGINABLE AND GENERATIONS 

5023
03:31:34,600 --> 03:31:36,960
TISSUE AND NERVE DAMAGE AND 

5024
03:31:36,960 --> 03:31:38,680
INDUCES INFLAMMATION RESULTING 

5025
03:31:38,680 --> 03:31:40,240
IN REMARKABLY HIGH LEVELS OF 

5026
03:31:40,240 --> 03:31:42,320
MECHANICAL AND NEUROLOGICAL AND 

5027
03:31:42,320 --> 03:31:44,160
INFLAMMATORY PAIN AND HERE WE 

5028
03:31:44,160 --> 03:31:46,600
ARE USING MODEL TRAUMATIC BURN 

5029
03:31:46,600 --> 03:31:48,320
INJURY WE DEVELOPED BASED ON 

5030
03:31:48,320 --> 03:31:51,320
MODEL CHARACTERIZED HERE BY DR. 

5031
03:31:51,320 --> 03:31:55,120
FALLER AT ALL YOU CAN SEE A 

5032
03:31:55,120 --> 03:31:56,840
SMALL BURN ON THE HIENTD PAW 

5033
03:31:56,840 --> 03:31:59,560
RESULTING IN FULL THICKNESS 

5034
03:31:59,560 --> 03:32:01,520
INJURY EXTENDING THROUGH TO 

5035
03:32:01,520 --> 03:32:03,080
EPIDETERMINUS AND INTO 

5036
03:32:03,080 --> 03:32:04,600
DETERMINIS AND PREGRESSION OF 

5037
03:32:04,600 --> 03:32:08,840
DEVELOPMENT OF ALODEANIA AND 

5038
03:32:08,840 --> 03:32:11,040
HYPERGEEZIA IS CHARACTERIZED IN 

5039
03:32:11,040 --> 03:32:15,080
MODEL AND MALE RATS HERE AND 

5040
03:32:15,080 --> 03:32:16,040
EXPANDING CHARACTERIZATION TO 

5041
03:32:16,040 --> 03:32:17,840
INCLUDE FEMALES YOU CAN SEE HERE

5042
03:32:17,840 --> 03:32:20,600
AND RELEVANT TO BURN PAIN AND IN

5043
03:32:20,600 --> 03:32:22,280
RECENT STUDIES SHOW 32% OF WOMEN

5044
03:32:22,280 --> 03:32:26,640
COMPARED TO 5% OF MEN HAVE 

5045
03:32:26,640 --> 03:32:27,400
SEVERE CHRONIC PAIN ONE YEAR 

5046
03:32:27,400 --> 03:32:28,920
AFTER INJURY AND INTERESTING TO 

5047
03:32:28,920 --> 03:32:32,240
SEE HOW SEVERITY AND DURATION OF

5048
03:32:32,240 --> 03:32:34,240
PAIN DIFFER BETWEEN SEXES WITHIN

5049
03:32:34,240 --> 03:32:35,560
THIS MODEL. 

5050
03:32:35,560 --> 03:32:39,240
NOW, IN EFFORT TO PRODUCE BETTER

5051
03:32:39,240 --> 03:32:41,720
MODELS IS NOT ONLY IMPORTANT TO 

5052
03:32:41,720 --> 03:32:43,040
CHARACTERIZE TRADITIONAL 

5053
03:32:43,040 --> 03:32:44,920
ASSESSMENTS AND ARE INTERESTED 

5054
03:32:44,920 --> 03:32:47,480
IN CHANGES OF NONEVOKED SCIENCES

5055
03:32:47,480 --> 03:32:52,600
OF PAIN AND BEGINNING WITH GAIT 

5056
03:32:52,600 --> 03:32:55,680
ASSESSMENT AND BLUE BOXES GAIT 

5057
03:32:55,680 --> 03:33:01,920
OF RAT WITH BURN ON -- 

5058
03:33:01,920 --> 03:33:03,880
THIS IS EVIDENT IN TIME SPENT 

5059
03:33:03,880 --> 03:33:05,840
WITH EACH PAW TOUCHING ON 

5060
03:33:05,840 --> 03:33:07,120
SURFACE AND DISTRIBUTION OF 

5061
03:33:07,120 --> 03:33:09,320
FORCE BETWEEN EACH PAW AND STEP 

5062
03:33:09,320 --> 03:33:15,200
CYCLE AND ANALYZING GAIT CAN 

5063
03:33:15,200 --> 03:33:17,040
IDENTIFY VERY SENSITIVE MEASURES

5064
03:33:17,040 --> 03:33:19,240
OF PANE THAT ARE PRELIMINARY 

5065
03:33:19,240 --> 03:33:21,880
DATA AND SEE IN THE CHANGE OF 

5066
03:33:21,880 --> 03:33:23,840
IRREGULARITY OF STEP SEQUENCE ON

5067
03:33:23,840 --> 03:33:26,160
FAR LEFT IS EARLY INDICATOR OF 

5068
03:33:26,160 --> 03:33:27,840
PAIN SHOWING UP WITHIN 24 HOURS 

5069
03:33:27,840 --> 03:33:29,640
THAT IS BEFORE ANY EVOKED 

5070
03:33:29,640 --> 03:33:31,280
RESPONSES THAT ARE MECHANICAL 

5071
03:33:31,280 --> 03:33:35,560
AND ALODINIA AND THERMAL 

5072
03:33:35,560 --> 03:33:37,240
HYPERALGEEZIA HAD SHOWN UP AND 

5073
03:33:37,240 --> 03:33:39,280
IN MIDDLE SEE SWING SPEED SHOWS 

5074
03:33:39,280 --> 03:33:41,320
UP EARLY AND ENDS UP LASTING 

5075
03:33:41,320 --> 03:33:44,200
ABOUT AS LONG AS EVOKED MEASURES

5076
03:33:44,200 --> 03:33:46,520
AND ON RIGHT-HAND SIDE THE AREA 

5077
03:33:46,520 --> 03:33:48,760
OF THE POD USED WHILE WALKING IS

5078
03:33:48,760 --> 03:33:50,440
A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF PAIN 

5079
03:33:50,440 --> 03:33:52,920
THAT STARTS EARLY AND ACTUALLY 

5080
03:33:52,920 --> 03:33:54,880
EXTENDS PAST THE TIME THAT 

5081
03:33:54,880 --> 03:33:56,360
EVOKED MEASURES WILL BE 

5082
03:33:56,360 --> 03:33:59,080
INDICATIVE OF PAIN.  

5083
03:33:59,080 --> 03:34:00,360
SO, THIS IS THE FIRST IN SEVERAL

5084
03:34:00,360 --> 03:34:02,520
MEASURES WE USE TO HOPE TO 

5085
03:34:02,520 --> 03:34:03,880
EMPLOY TO GAIN A BETTER 

5086
03:34:03,880 --> 03:34:06,000
UNDERSTANDING OF THE EXPERIENCE 

5087
03:34:06,000 --> 03:34:08,480
OF BURN PAIN IN MALES AND 

5088
03:34:08,480 --> 03:34:08,920
FEMALES. 

5089
03:34:08,920 --> 03:34:11,760
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME.  

5090
03:34:11,760 --> 03:34:13,120
>>ALMOST EVERYONE WILL 

5091
03:34:13,120 --> 03:34:14,840
EXPERIENCE PAIN AT SOME POINT 

5092
03:34:14,840 --> 03:34:15,840
DURING THEIR LIVES AND MANY OF 

5093
03:34:15,840 --> 03:34:18,160
US PAIN WE EXPERIENCE IS SHORT 

5094
03:34:18,160 --> 03:34:19,920
LIVED AROUND 1 IN 5 PEOPLE IN 

5095
03:34:19,920 --> 03:34:22,240
UNITED STATES REPORT LIVING WITH

5096
03:34:22,240 --> 03:34:24,000
CHRONIC PAIN.  PAIN AND ALCOHOL 

5097
03:34:24,000 --> 03:34:25,720
USE OFTEN CO-OCCUR WITH ROUGHLY 

5098
03:34:25,720 --> 03:34:27,080
HALF OF INDIVIDUALS WITH ALCOHOL

5099
03:34:27,080 --> 03:34:29,240
USE DISORDER THAT IS REPORTING 

5100
03:34:29,240 --> 03:34:32,400
CHRONIC PAIN AND 1/4 OF 

5101
03:34:32,400 --> 03:34:33,560
INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC PAIN 

5102
03:34:33,560 --> 03:34:35,400
REPORT SELF-MEDICATING WITH 

5103
03:34:35,400 --> 03:34:36,880
ALCOHOL AND ADDITIONALLY 

5104
03:34:36,880 --> 03:34:39,280
INCREASED PAIN FREQUENCY IS 

5105
03:34:39,280 --> 03:34:41,000
ASSOCIATED WITH DIAGNOSIS OF 

5106
03:34:41,000 --> 03:34:42,400
ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND 

5107
03:34:42,400 --> 03:34:44,640
FINDINGS HIGHLIGHT STRONG 

5108
03:34:44,640 --> 03:34:45,520
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL 

5109
03:34:45,520 --> 03:34:47,960
MISUSE AND PAIN AND SUGGEST THAT

5110
03:34:47,960 --> 03:34:48,960
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAIN AND 

5111
03:34:48,960 --> 03:34:51,720
ALCOHOL MISUSE MIGHT BE 

5112
03:34:51,720 --> 03:34:52,920
BIDIRECTIONAL WITH ALCOHOL 

5113
03:34:52,920 --> 03:34:53,760
CONSUMPTION OCCURRING WITH 

5114
03:34:53,760 --> 03:34:56,080
RESPONSE TO PAIN AND INCREASED 

5115
03:34:56,080 --> 03:34:57,480
PAIN SENSITIVITY RESULTING IN 

5116
03:34:57,480 --> 03:35:00,760
CHRONIC HEALTH USE AND 

5117
03:35:00,760 --> 03:35:01,480
WITHDRAWAL.  

5118
03:35:01,480 --> 03:35:02,800
PREFRONTAL CORTEX IS KEY NOTE 

5119
03:35:02,800 --> 03:35:05,200
FOR INTEGRATING PAIN ELATED 

5120
03:35:05,200 --> 03:35:06,920
INFORMATION EXERTING TOP-DOWN 

5121
03:35:06,920 --> 03:35:10,200
CONTROL OVER PAIN RELATED 

5122
03:35:10,200 --> 03:35:15,280
SIGNALING NEURONS -- TO 

5123
03:35:15,280 --> 03:35:18,160
PERIOUTPUT DUCTIAL -- INPUT TO 

5124
03:35:18,160 --> 03:35:21,320
PRELIM BIK CORTEX FOR BASAL 

5125
03:35:21,320 --> 03:35:25,760
LATERAL AMYG DOULA NEURONS -- 

5126
03:35:25,760 --> 03:35:28,120
ACTIVATING FAST SPIKING 

5127
03:35:28,120 --> 03:35:30,440
INTERNEURONS MY RESEARCH USED 

5128
03:35:30,440 --> 03:35:34,160
PRECLINICAL RAT MODELS TO STUDY 

5129
03:35:34,160 --> 03:35:38,280
EFFECTS OF INTERMITTENT ALCOHOL 

5130
03:35:38,280 --> 03:35:40,200
EXPOSURE ON ADOLESCENCE ACTIVITY

5131
03:35:40,200 --> 03:35:43,400
ON ADULTHOOD AND EXPOSURE IN 

5132
03:35:43,400 --> 03:35:45,720
ALCOHOL AND ADOLESCENCE IN 

5133
03:35:45,720 --> 03:35:48,000
CONJUNCTION WITH PAIN IN 

5134
03:35:48,000 --> 03:35:52,960
ADULTHOOD -- BASAL LATERAL AND 

5135
03:35:52,960 --> 03:35:54,240
AMYGDALA NEURONS AND 

5136
03:35:54,240 --> 03:35:59,760
FACILITATING STUDY OF CHANGES IN

5137
03:35:59,760 --> 03:36:02,320
CIRCKITTRY IT IS EXPRESSIONED IN

5138
03:36:02,320 --> 03:36:05,440
BASAL NEUROAMYGDALA. 

5139
03:36:05,440 --> 03:36:07,160
BEGINNING IN ADOLESCENCE AND 

5140
03:36:07,160 --> 03:36:09,200
CONTINUING INTO ADULTHOOD.  

5141
03:36:09,200 --> 03:36:12,280
SURPRISINGLY, INCREASED ALODINIA

5142
03:36:12,280 --> 03:36:15,000
IN RESPONSE TO CARO GENIN 

5143
03:36:15,000 --> 03:36:16,560
INFLAMMATORY PAW CHALLENGE WAS 

5144
03:36:16,560 --> 03:36:20,920
NOT POE 10 SHEEATED BY 

5145
03:36:20,920 --> 03:36:22,280
ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL EXPOSURE AND 

5146
03:36:22,280 --> 03:36:26,440
ENHANCED RATIO OF POLYSYNAPTIC 

5147
03:36:26,440 --> 03:36:27,280
OPTOGENETICALLY ABOUT EXCITATORY

5148
03:36:27,280 --> 03:36:31,360
TO INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMISSION 

5149
03:36:31,360 --> 03:36:33,520
TO PRELIM BIK NEURONS WHILE 

5150
03:36:33,520 --> 03:36:36,800
DECREASING RATIO AT PRELIM BIK 

5151
03:36:36,800 --> 03:36:39,280
ALBUMIN OF FAST-SPIKING 

5152
03:36:39,280 --> 03:36:42,240
INTERNEURONS AND CHANGES COULD 

5153
03:36:42,240 --> 03:36:48,080
INDICATE ADOLESCENT PROJECTING 

5154
03:36:48,080 --> 03:36:49,040
TO PERIAQUAD DUCTAL 

5155
03:36:49,040 --> 03:36:51,080
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND INCREASE TO 

5156
03:36:51,080 --> 03:36:56,600
INCREASED -- OBSERVED FOLLOWING 

5157
03:36:56,600 --> 03:36:57,320
ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL EXPOSURE. 

5158
03:36:57,320 --> 03:37:00,400
>>OSTEOARTHRITIS IS
DEFINED AS 

5159
03:37:00,400 --> 03:37:02,520
JOINT DISEASE EFFECTING MILLIONS

5160
03:37:02,520 --> 03:37:04,560
OF PEOPLE WORLDWIDE AND KNOW 

5161
03:37:04,560 --> 03:37:05,840
THAT IT DOESN'T ONLY EFFECT 

5162
03:37:05,840 --> 03:37:08,400
JOINT BUT HAS MULTI-FACTORIAL 

5163
03:37:08,400 --> 03:37:10,440
NATURE THAT EFFECTS ENTIRE BODY 

5164
03:37:10,440 --> 03:37:13,640
AND WHEN IMPACTS -- CMC JOINT 

5165
03:37:13,640 --> 03:37:14,960
CAN LEAD TO PAIN AND DISABILITY 

5166
03:37:14,960 --> 03:37:16,880
AND RESEARCH FOR SMALL AND 

5167
03:37:16,880 --> 03:37:18,480
MOBILE JOINT OF THE HAND IS 

5168
03:37:18,480 --> 03:37:18,880
LACKING. 

5169
03:37:18,880 --> 03:37:21,480
IN THIS STUDY, WE EXPLORE HOW 

5170
03:37:21,480 --> 03:37:23,520
INDIVIDUALS AT DIFFERENT RATE OF

5171
03:37:23,520 --> 03:37:25,480
GRAPHIC STAGES COMPARE 

5172
03:37:25,480 --> 03:37:28,320
PSYCHOLOGICALLY AND DURING 

5173
03:37:28,320 --> 03:37:29,600
EXPERIMENTAL PAIN AND 

5174
03:37:29,600 --> 03:37:30,760
HYPOTHESIZE THAT INDIVIDUALS 

5175
03:37:30,760 --> 03:37:32,760
WILL EXPERIENCE LOSS OF 

5176
03:37:32,760 --> 03:37:35,560
SENSATION AND COMPARISON TO 

5177
03:37:35,560 --> 03:37:37,840
INDIVIDUALS WITH STAGE HOA AND 

5178
03:37:37,840 --> 03:37:40,280
BRIEFLY COLLECTED DATA FROM 31 

5179
03:37:40,280 --> 03:37:41,200
MALE PARTICIPANTS BETWEEN AGES 

5180
03:37:41,200 --> 03:37:44,840
OF 40 AND 90 YEARS OLD AND STUDY

5181
03:37:44,840 --> 03:37:46,120
INCLUDED WOMEN DUE TO HIGH 

5182
03:37:46,120 --> 03:37:50,520
PREVALENCE OF CMCOA AND POST 

5183
03:37:50,520 --> 03:37:53,680
MENOPAUSAL WOMEN AND CONTAIN 

5184
03:37:53,680 --> 03:37:55,440
GRAPHIC IMAGES PORE PARTICIPANTS

5185
03:37:55,440 --> 03:37:58,680
AND CLASSIFIED TO SEE SEVERITY 

5186
03:37:58,680 --> 03:38:00,640
BASED ON CLASSIFICATION. 

5187
03:38:00,640 --> 03:38:01,240
>>PARTICIPANT: ANTS ASK
TO 

5188
03:38:01,240 --> 03:38:02,320
COMPLETE PSYCHOLOGICAL 

5189
03:38:02,320 --> 03:38:04,840
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRES AND 

5190
03:38:04,840 --> 03:38:06,800
QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING OR 

5191
03:38:06,800 --> 03:38:10,920
QST AND QST WE USE THERMAL AND 

5192
03:38:10,920 --> 03:38:12,600
MECHANICAL STIMULI AT 7 

5193
03:38:12,600 --> 03:38:13,840
DIFFERENT BODY SITES. 

5194
03:38:13,840 --> 03:38:16,040
WHEN LOOKING AT SOME 

5195
03:38:16,040 --> 03:38:16,680
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS

5196
03:38:16,680 --> 03:38:18,600
WE FOUND THAT INDIVIDUALS WITH 

5197
03:38:18,600 --> 03:38:20,840
END STAGE HOA REPORTED HIGHER 

5198
03:38:20,840 --> 03:38:23,040
PAIN IN FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY IN

5199
03:38:23,040 --> 03:38:25,840
COMPARISON TO EARLY STAGE HOA 

5200
03:38:25,840 --> 03:38:27,760
COMPARED TO INDIVIDUALS AND HAD 

5201
03:38:27,760 --> 03:38:30,120
HIGHER SCORES FOR PAIN TO 

5202
03:38:30,120 --> 03:38:31,800
[INDISCERNIBLE] QUESTIONNAIRE 

5203
03:38:31,800 --> 03:38:32,880
IMPLYING THAT INDIVIDUALS WITH 

5204
03:38:32,880 --> 03:38:35,200
EXPERIENCE MAY BE LIKELY OF 

5205
03:38:35,200 --> 03:38:37,960
NEUROPATHIC ORIGIN AND QST THEY 

5206
03:38:37,960 --> 03:38:40,360
WILL TRANSFORM USING EARLY STAGE

5207
03:38:40,360 --> 03:38:43,120
HOA AS A CONTROL AND RESULTS 

5208
03:38:43,120 --> 03:38:45,200
SHOW PARTICIPANTS WITH END STAGE

5209
03:38:45,200 --> 03:38:48,800
HOA EXPERIENCE LOSS OF FUNCTION 

5210
03:38:48,800 --> 03:38:50,400
SPECIFICALLY PERFORMING 

5211
03:38:50,400 --> 03:38:52,760
PRELIMINARY COMPARISON USING 

5212
03:38:52,760 --> 03:38:55,440
2-WAY SAMPLE T TEST DIFFERENCES 

5213
03:38:55,440 --> 03:38:57,240
DURING DETECTION CALLED PAIN AND

5214
03:38:57,240 --> 03:39:00,120
HEAT PAIN THRESHOLDS AND LINEAR 

5215
03:39:00,120 --> 03:39:02,080
MIXED MODELS WILL PERFORM ON 

5216
03:39:02,080 --> 03:39:03,880
EXPERIMENTAL PAIN VARIABLES 

5217
03:39:03,880 --> 03:39:04,840
CONTROLLING THE SUBJECT NATURE 

5218
03:39:04,840 --> 03:39:07,560
OF ASSESSMENTS ACROSS MULTIPLE 

5219
03:39:07,560 --> 03:39:10,160
BODY SITES AND SAW SEE SEVERITY 

5220
03:39:10,160 --> 03:39:12,440
PROGRESSES INDIVIDUALS 

5221
03:39:12,440 --> 03:39:14,360
EXPERIENCED HIGHER MECHANICAL 

5222
03:39:14,360 --> 03:39:16,080
DETECTION AND LOWER COLD 

5223
03:39:16,080 --> 03:39:18,680
DETECTION AND LOWER PAIN 

5224
03:39:18,680 --> 03:39:20,040
THRESHOLDS AND FOUND SIGNIFICANT

5225
03:39:20,040 --> 03:39:21,200
INTERACTION BETWEEN AGE AND MOST

5226
03:39:21,200 --> 03:39:24,080
QST ASSESSMENTS AND THUS 

5227
03:39:24,080 --> 03:39:25,600
DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN CHANGES 

5228
03:39:25,600 --> 03:39:28,800
ATTRIBUTED TO AGING VERSUS THOSE

5229
03:39:28,800 --> 03:39:31,360
RELATED TO AN IS ALSO ESSENTIAL 

5230
03:39:31,360 --> 03:39:36,360
AND IN CONCLUSION INTERVENTIONS 

5231
03:39:36,360 --> 03:39:36,880
ADDRESSING PREFERENTIAL 

5232
03:39:36,880 --> 03:39:39,200
SENSATION MIGHT BE BENEFICIAL 

5233
03:39:39,200 --> 03:39:41,360
IMPROVING PAIN MOVEMENT IN 

5234
03:39:41,360 --> 03:39:45,280
INDIVIDUALS WITH SMALL COA AND 

5235
03:39:45,280 --> 03:39:47,880
SAMPLE SIZE SEEING PERIPHERAL --

5236
03:39:47,880 --> 03:39:49,160
THESE RESULTS HAVE IMPORTANT 

5237
03:39:49,160 --> 03:39:51,000
IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF 

5238
03:39:51,000 --> 03:39:52,760
MULTIMODAL APPROACHES TO 

5239
03:39:52,760 --> 03:39:55,720
TREATING CMCA AND ADDRESSING 

5240
03:39:55,720 --> 03:39:57,960
GAPS AND KNOWLEDGE WE IMPROVE 

5241
03:39:57,960 --> 03:40:00,120
QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES FOR

5242
03:40:00,120 --> 03:40:00,920
INDIVIDUALS. 

5243
03:40:00,920 --> 03:40:03,240
>>HELLO.  I'M ELIZABETH
AND 

5244
03:40:03,240 --> 03:40:06,280
GRADUATE STUDENT IN LAB AT 

5245
03:40:06,280 --> 03:40:07,160
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY AND I WILL 

5246
03:40:07,160 --> 03:40:09,760
DISCUSS OUR WORK ON NEW OPIOID 

5247
03:40:09,760 --> 03:40:12,840
RECEPTORS ON SENSORY AND 

5248
03:40:12,840 --> 03:40:15,160
AFFECTIVE COMPONENTS ON CHRONIC 

5249
03:40:15,160 --> 03:40:17,520
NEUROPATHIC PAIN THAT IS A MAJOR

5250
03:40:17,520 --> 03:40:19,160
CAUSE OF DISABILITY THAT IS 

5251
03:40:19,160 --> 03:40:22,600
CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASED 

5252
03:40:22,600 --> 03:40:24,920
ALODINIA AND FIRST LINE 

5253
03:40:24,920 --> 03:40:27,320
TREATMENT OPTIONS SUCH AS TRY 

5254
03:40:27,320 --> 03:40:29,800
CYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS WORK FOR 

5255
03:40:29,800 --> 03:40:34,600
HALF PATIENTS OPIOID ANALGESICS 

5256
03:40:34,600 --> 03:40:37,680
-- RAPID TOLERANCE AND ABUSE 

5257
03:40:37,680 --> 03:40:42,400
POTENTIAL AND NOVEL TREATMENTS 

5258
03:40:42,400 --> 03:40:43,040
IS NEEDED AND PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT

5259
03:40:43,040 --> 03:40:45,280
TO BE [INDISCERNIBLE] ITSELF IT 

5260
03:40:45,280 --> 03:40:48,400
HAS SHOWN IT IS A FOOD RECEPTOR 

5261
03:40:48,400 --> 03:40:50,240
AGNIFLT AND DESPITE THIS IT HAS 

5262
03:40:50,240 --> 03:40:53,920
BEEN USED OVER 40 YEARS FOR 

5263
03:40:53,920 --> 03:40:58,640
MAJOR DEPRESSANT DISORDER AND 

5264
03:40:58,640 --> 03:41:07,160
SHOW ABUSE BEHAVIOR WE SEE IT 

5265
03:41:07,160 --> 03:41:09,320
ALLEVIATES -- WITHOUT CAUSING 

5266
03:41:09,320 --> 03:41:11,680
BROAD ANAL GEEZIA AND HOT PLATE 

5267
03:41:11,680 --> 03:41:14,680
TEST AND CRITICALLY IT APPEARS 

5268
03:41:14,680 --> 03:41:16,000
TO NORMALIZE AFFECTIVE SYMPTOMS 

5269
03:41:16,000 --> 03:41:18,640
AS WELL AS INCLUDING DECREASING 

5270
03:41:18,640 --> 03:41:22,000
NUMBERS OF MARBLES BURIED IN 

5271
03:41:22,000 --> 03:41:23,880
MARBLE BURYING TASK AND INCREASE

5272
03:41:23,880 --> 03:41:25,960
IN OPEN TIME IN OPEN FIELD AND 

5273
03:41:25,960 --> 03:41:28,280
HOW THEY ALLEVIATE NEUROPATHIC 

5274
03:41:28,280 --> 03:41:32,960
PAIN SYMPTOMS ONE OPTION IS 

5275
03:41:32,960 --> 03:41:36,200
THROUGH [INDISCERNIBLE] IN HEB 

5276
03:41:36,200 --> 03:41:38,240
ENULA AND HAS INHIBITORY 

5277
03:41:38,240 --> 03:41:40,640
PROJECTIONS MAJOR REWARD 

5278
03:41:40,640 --> 03:41:43,280
PATHWAYS AND ALSO BECOMES 

5279
03:41:43,280 --> 03:41:45,120
HYPERACTIVE UNDER CONDITIONS OF 

5280
03:41:45,120 --> 03:41:48,200
CHRONIC PAIN AND NEW ECREPTORS 

5281
03:41:48,200 --> 03:41:52,040
ARE INHIBITORY GPCRS AND BECOME 

5282
03:41:52,040 --> 03:41:58,360
ACTIVE IN BRAIN AREAS IN -- TEEN

5283
03:41:58,360 --> 03:42:00,520
UP TEEN ON OTHER HAND MAY 

5284
03:42:00,520 --> 03:42:03,360
NORMALIZE SHIFT ACTIVATING 

5285
03:42:03,360 --> 03:42:05,120
REMAINING RECEPTORS AND 

5286
03:42:05,120 --> 03:42:07,640
TRIGGERING MOR RECRUITMENT 

5287
03:42:07,640 --> 03:42:10,320
LOOKING AT THE EXPRESSION IN 

5288
03:42:10,320 --> 03:42:12,040
GROUPS SHOWS DECREASE IN 

5289
03:42:12,040 --> 03:42:14,640
EXPRESSION IN SRI GROUP AND 

5290
03:42:14,640 --> 03:42:15,440
DECREASE IN RED [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5291
03:42:15,440 --> 03:42:17,600
TO HEAR AND REVERSED WITH 

5292
03:42:17,600 --> 03:42:18,880
[INDISCERNIBLE] TREATMENT.  

5293
03:42:18,880 --> 03:42:21,680
FUTURE WORK WILL EVALUATE 

5294
03:42:21,680 --> 03:42:25,000
NECESSITY OF HAB ENULAR LORS AND

5295
03:42:25,000 --> 03:42:28,280
EFFECTS OF IT BY KNOCKING THEM 

5296
03:42:28,280 --> 03:42:31,120
DOWN AND WE ARE ALSO IN PROCESS 

5297
03:42:31,120 --> 03:42:34,760
OF PERFORMING SINGLE NUCLEUS RNA

5298
03:42:34,760 --> 03:42:36,720
SEQUENCING FROM TISSUE IN 

5299
03:42:36,720 --> 03:42:38,360
COHORTS HERE CHANGING EXPRESSION

5300
03:42:38,360 --> 03:42:40,720
WITH BEHAVIORAL VALENCE AND 

5301
03:42:40,720 --> 03:42:44,000
THANKING TEAMS FROM BOSTON 

5302
03:42:44,000 --> 03:42:45,160
UNIVERSITY AND FUNDING SOURCES 

5303
03:42:45,160 --> 03:42:52,920
AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME.  

5304
03:42:52,920 --> 03:42:55,880
>>I'M HAILEY AND POST DOC

5305
03:42:55,880 --> 03:42:57,520
FELLOW AT PAIN RESEARCH CENTER 

5306
03:42:57,520 --> 03:43:00,120
AT NATIONAL CENTER FOR 

5307
03:43:00,120 --> 03:43:02,320
COMPLEMENTARY INTEGRATIVE HEALTH

5308
03:43:02,320 --> 03:43:04,320
AND WILL PRESENT RESEARCH ON 

5309
03:43:04,320 --> 03:43:05,800
ROLE OF [INDISCERNIBLE] 1 IN 

5310
03:43:05,800 --> 03:43:08,600
HUMAN PAIN PERCEPTION AND 

5311
03:43:08,600 --> 03:43:11,560
GENETIC MUTATIONS IN RELATED 

5312
03:43:11,560 --> 03:43:15,360
TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ONE AND 

5313
03:43:15,360 --> 03:43:18,520
HUMANS RESULTING IN -- MYELOID 

5314
03:43:18,520 --> 03:43:19,280
LEUKEMIA CHARACTERIZED BY 

5315
03:43:19,280 --> 03:43:21,640
BLEEDING EASY BRUISING AND 

5316
03:43:21,640 --> 03:43:23,920
INFECTIONS AND BRONX 1 IS A GENE

5317
03:43:23,920 --> 03:43:27,640
EXPRESSED IN TRIGEMINAL AND 

5318
03:43:27,640 --> 03:43:30,280
DORSAL GANGLIA AND TRIP V1 IS 

5319
03:43:30,280 --> 03:43:32,920
RESPONSIBLE FOR DETECTING 

5320
03:43:32,920 --> 03:43:35,320
NOXIOUS HEAT AND WE HAVE SEEN IN

5321
03:43:35,320 --> 03:43:38,200
KNOCKOUT ANIMAL STUDIES IS IT IS

5322
03:43:38,200 --> 03:43:40,080
IMBLIKATED IN THERMAL AND 

5323
03:43:40,080 --> 03:43:41,600
NEUROPATHIC PAIN BUT NOT 

5324
03:43:41,600 --> 03:43:43,160
MECHANICAL PAIN AND MORE 

5325
03:43:43,160 --> 03:43:44,560
SPECIFICALLY LOOKING AT GRAPHS 

5326
03:43:44,560 --> 03:43:48,920
IN RED AND BLUE WE SEE THAT MICE

5327
03:43:48,920 --> 03:43:51,240
LACKING BRONX 1 DISPLAYED LESS 

5328
03:43:51,240 --> 03:43:53,400
SENSITIVITY TO NOXIOUS HEAT IN 

5329
03:43:53,400 --> 03:43:56,520
RED THEN WHEN PLACED ON HOT 

5330
03:43:56,520 --> 03:44:00,680
PLATE AND TO COLD AS WELL AS IN 

5331
03:44:00,680 --> 03:44:03,880
BLUE EXPOSED TO ACETONE TAP AND 

5332
03:44:03,880 --> 03:44:07,200
PERKRENGS IS UNKNOWN AND DUE TO 

5333
03:44:07,200 --> 03:44:08,920
FACT WE CAN'T HAVE KNOCKOUT 

5334
03:44:08,920 --> 03:44:11,440
HUMAN 1 MODELS KNOCKING OUT THIS

5335
03:44:11,440 --> 03:44:13,240
GENE IN HUMANS IS LETHAL AND 

5336
03:44:13,240 --> 03:44:15,840
PRESENCE OF ONGOING STUDY IS 

5337
03:44:15,840 --> 03:44:20,200
PHENOTYPING PATIENTS WITH 

5338
03:44:20,200 --> 03:44:21,360
HETEROZYGOUS MUTATIONS ILUSE 

5339
03:44:21,360 --> 03:44:23,840
DATING ROLE IN HUMAN PAIN 

5340
03:44:23,840 --> 03:44:26,160
PERCEPTION AND RESPONSE TO 

5341
03:44:26,160 --> 03:44:29,000
NOXIOUS STIMULI INDEPENDENT TO 

5342
03:44:29,000 --> 03:44:31,720
DAY-TO-DAY CLINICAL PAIN AND 

5343
03:44:31,720 --> 03:44:32,880
MANIFESTATIONS COMING TO 

5344
03:44:32,880 --> 03:44:36,080
DOWNSTREAM EFFECT OF MUTATION 

5345
03:44:36,080 --> 03:44:37,800
AND METHODS KRURNLT STUDY 

5346
03:44:37,800 --> 03:44:41,520
CONSISTS OF PATIENTS WITH -- AND

5347
03:44:41,520 --> 03:44:44,920
19 HEALTHY AGE MATCHED CONTROLS 

5348
03:44:44,920 --> 03:44:46,120
PARTICIPANTS ADMINISTERED SERIES

5349
03:44:46,120 --> 03:44:49,480
OF QUESTIONNAIRES BEFOREHAND TO 

5350
03:44:49,480 --> 03:44:52,680
ASSESS CLINICAL AND CURRENT PAIN

5351
03:44:52,680 --> 03:44:55,000
AND THREE QUANTITATIVE TESTING 

5352
03:44:55,000 --> 03:44:57,320
PROCEDURES THRESHOLD MEASURED BY

5353
03:44:57,320 --> 03:45:00,240
APPLYING -- INCREASING AND 

5354
03:45:00,240 --> 03:45:02,040
DECREASING -- GRADUALLY UNTIL 

5355
03:45:02,040 --> 03:45:04,800
FIRST MOMENT OF COLD AND WARM 

5356
03:45:04,800 --> 03:45:06,680
DETECTION COLD PAIN THRESHOLD 

5357
03:45:06,680 --> 03:45:08,920
HEAT PAIN THRESHOLD AND HEAT 

5358
03:45:08,920 --> 03:45:11,120
PAIN TOLERANCE WAS REACHED AND 

5359
03:45:11,120 --> 03:45:12,920
PRESSURE PAIN THRESHOLD AND 

5360
03:45:12,920 --> 03:45:15,360
TOLERANCE APPLIED BY INCREASING 

5361
03:45:15,360 --> 03:45:18,120
INCREASED PRESSURE TO THUMB NAIL

5362
03:45:18,120 --> 03:45:19,400
AND GRADUALLY UNTIL FIRST MOMENT

5363
03:45:19,400 --> 03:45:21,080
OF PAIN WAS PERCEIVED 

5364
03:45:21,080 --> 03:45:23,560
INTOLERABLE AND MEASURED 

5365
03:45:23,560 --> 03:45:26,400
APPLYING 7 STIMULI TO WEIGHTS 

5366
03:45:26,400 --> 03:45:28,800
AND PALM OF THE HAND UNTIL THE 

5367
03:45:28,800 --> 03:45:30,800
FIRST MOMENT OF SHARPNESS WAS 

5368
03:45:30,800 --> 03:45:33,040
PERCEIVED AND AFTER TEST RATED 

5369
03:45:33,040 --> 03:45:35,840
INTENSITY OF PAIN AND INTENSITY 

5370
03:45:35,840 --> 03:45:39,360
OF CESSATION THEY EXPERIENCED 

5371
03:45:39,360 --> 03:45:42,440
ANALYZING DATA PARAMETRIC 2T 

5372
03:45:42,440 --> 03:45:44,080
TESTS LOOKING FIRST AT TABLE AND

5373
03:45:44,080 --> 03:45:47,160
RESULTS WE SEE FROM 

5374
03:45:47,160 --> 03:45:48,000
QUESTIONNAIRES THAT PATIENTS 

5375
03:45:48,000 --> 03:45:50,600
WITH MUTATIONS REPORT MORE 

5376
03:45:50,600 --> 03:45:52,200
CLINICALLY RELATED PAIN ON DAILY

5377
03:45:52,200 --> 03:45:55,000
AND REGULAR BASIS AND ALTHOUGH 

5378
03:45:55,000 --> 03:45:56,760
VALUES ARE RELATIVELY LOW THEY 

5379
03:45:56,760 --> 03:45:59,000
ARE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER THAN 

5380
03:45:59,000 --> 03:46:00,840
CONTROLS REPORT AND ARE NOT 

5381
03:46:00,840 --> 03:46:03,440
NEUROPATHIC IN NATURE. 

5382
03:46:03,440 --> 03:46:08,280
LOOKING AT THE TWO GRAPHS BELOW 

5383
03:46:08,280 --> 03:46:10,240
PRESSURE PAIN THRESHOLD 

5384
03:46:10,240 --> 03:46:12,920
TOLERANCE WAS BETWEEN PATIENTS 

5385
03:46:12,920 --> 03:46:16,800
AND CONTROLLS BOTTOM LEFT GRAPH 

5386
03:46:16,800 --> 03:46:18,920
SHOWS DISPLAY SIGNIFICANTLY WARM

5387
03:46:18,920 --> 03:46:19,920
DETECTION THRESHOLD COMPARE 

5388
03:46:19,920 --> 03:46:21,360
TODAY HEALTHY CONTROLS NO 

5389
03:46:21,360 --> 03:46:23,360
DIFFERENCES WERE OBSERVED AND 

5390
03:46:23,360 --> 03:46:24,720
HEAT PAIN THRESHOLD TOLL RANLS 

5391
03:46:24,720 --> 03:46:28,640
BETWEEN PATIENTS AND CONTROLS 

5392
03:46:28,640 --> 03:46:30,760
BOTTOM RIGHT GROUP SHOWS NO 

5393
03:46:30,760 --> 03:46:32,960
DIFFERENCES FOUND AND COLD PAIN 

5394
03:46:32,960 --> 03:46:34,000
THRESHOLD AND COLD PAIN 

5395
03:46:34,000 --> 03:46:35,600
TOLERANCE AND SUMMARIZING 

5396
03:46:35,600 --> 03:46:37,800
FINDINGS SO FAR PATIENTS WITH 

5397
03:46:37,800 --> 03:46:39,320
MUTATIONS EXPERIENCE MORE CLIN 

5398
03:46:39,320 --> 03:46:41,680
KALILY RELATED PAIN THAN HEALTHY

5399
03:46:41,680 --> 03:46:44,360
CONTROLS AND SEVERITY IS LOW AS 

5400
03:46:44,360 --> 03:46:46,840
WE MENTIONED AND NOT NEUROPATHIC

5401
03:46:46,840 --> 03:46:49,480
IN NATURE CORROBORATING PREVIOUS

5402
03:46:49,480 --> 03:46:51,480
FINDINGS IN ANIMALS PAIN 

5403
03:46:51,480 --> 03:46:54,600
THRESHOLD DIDN'T DEFER BETWEEN 

5404
03:46:54,600 --> 03:46:56,040
GROUPS SURPRISINGLY THERMAL PAIN

5405
03:46:56,040 --> 03:46:58,160
THRESHOLD AND TOLERANCE WAS 

5406
03:46:58,160 --> 03:46:59,520
COMPARABLE BETWEEN GROUPS 

5407
03:46:59,520 --> 03:47:03,680
SUGGESTING HETEROZYGOUS 

5408
03:47:03,680 --> 03:47:05,200
MUTATIONS DON'T INTERFERE WITH 

5409
03:47:05,200 --> 03:47:06,800
DEVELOPMENT OF PATHWAYS 

5410
03:47:06,800 --> 03:47:08,400
THEMSELVES AND NEVERTHELESS 

5411
03:47:08,400 --> 03:47:10,760
COMPARED TO HEALTHY CONTROLS 

5412
03:47:10,760 --> 03:47:12,640
PATIENTS WITH MUTATIONS REQUIRE 

5413
03:47:12,640 --> 03:47:15,280
HIGHER TEMPERATURES FOR 

5414
03:47:15,280 --> 03:47:16,680
DISCRIMINATION INDICATING THAT 

5415
03:47:16,680 --> 03:47:19,400
HETEROZYGOUS MUTATIONS MIGHT 

5416
03:47:19,400 --> 03:47:22,240
HAVE EFFECTS ON THERMORECEPTORS 

5417
03:47:22,240 --> 03:47:24,160
SPECIFIC TO WARMTH. 

5418
03:47:24,160 --> 03:47:26,600
IN ALL PRESENT FINDINGS SUGGEST 

5419
03:47:26,600 --> 03:47:29,240
THAT HETEROZYGOUS MUTATIONS IN 

5420
03:47:29,240 --> 03:47:30,560
GENE DON'T INTERFERE WITH 

5421
03:47:30,560 --> 03:47:34,120
RESPONSES IN HUMANS AND INSTEAD 

5422
03:47:34,120 --> 03:47:34,720
DECREASE DISCRIMINATION AN 

5423
03:47:34,720 --> 03:47:36,760
EFFECT NOT YET REPORTED IN 

5424
03:47:36,760 --> 03:47:38,120
ANIMAL LITERATURE AND THUS 

5425
03:47:38,120 --> 03:47:40,960
FURTHER WORK IS REQUIRED TO 

5426
03:47:40,960 --> 03:47:44,920
DETERMINE WHERE OPERATION OF 

5427
03:47:44,920 --> 03:47:48,280
WARMTH DETECTION OCCURS. 

5428
03:47:48,280 --> 03:47:49,400
>>ASSOCIATIONS WITH 

5429
03:47:49,400 --> 03:47:50,800
EXPERIMENTAL AND ENL 

5430
03:47:50,800 --> 03:47:54,200
ENVIRONMENTAL PAIN AND STRESS IN

5431
03:47:54,200 --> 03:47:58,960
SICKLE CELL DISEASE BIOLOGICAL 

5432
03:47:58,960 --> 03:48:04,000
AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS -- AND

5433
03:48:04,000 --> 03:48:05,000
PAINFUL BLOOD DISORDER EFFECTING

5434
03:48:05,000 --> 03:48:08,800
OVER 100,000 AMERICANS AND 

5435
03:48:08,800 --> 03:48:12,120
GENETICS PLAYS IMPORTANT AND NOT

5436
03:48:12,120 --> 03:48:15,160
FULLY UNDERSTOOD ROLE 

5437
03:48:15,160 --> 03:48:24,000
VARIABILITY OF PAIN AND ONE 

5438
03:48:24,000 --> 03:48:34,520
SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM 

5439
03:48:53,000 --> 03:48:54,640
-- THIS SAY CROSS-SECTIONAL 

5440
03:48:54,640 --> 03:48:58,160
STUDY OF 186 ADULTS LIVING WITH 

5441
03:48:58,160 --> 03:49:00,920
SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND MEAN AGE

5442
03:49:00,920 --> 03:49:03,400
36.6 YEARS AGE RANGE 19 YEARS TO

5443
03:49:03,400 --> 03:49:07,560
74 YEARS AND THESE WERE ALL 

5444
03:49:07,560 --> 03:49:10,320
AFRICAN AMERICAN ADULTS 62% 

5445
03:49:10,320 --> 03:49:16,240
FEMALE AND 73% WITH SS GENOTYPE 

5446
03:49:16,240 --> 03:49:24,880
19% WITH SC GENOTYPE AND 8% WITH

5447
03:49:24,880 --> 03:49:28,760
OTHER PHENOTYPES. 

5448
03:49:28,760 --> 03:49:30,440
CURRENT LEAST AND WORST CLINICAL

5449
03:49:30,440 --> 03:49:33,280
PAIN IN PAST 24 HOURS OBTAINING 

5450
03:49:33,280 --> 03:49:35,480
AVERAGE PAIN INTENSITY SCORE AND

5451
03:49:35,480 --> 03:49:37,200
COMPLETED PERCEIVED STRESS 

5452
03:49:37,200 --> 03:49:38,920
QUESTIONNAIRE TO MEASURE 

5453
03:49:38,920 --> 03:49:40,920
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, 

5454
03:49:40,920 --> 03:49:42,280
QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING 

5455
03:49:42,280 --> 03:49:45,280
WITH [INDISCERNIBLE] TSA2 AND 

5456
03:49:45,280 --> 03:49:47,400
FILAMENTS THAT GATHER THERMAL 

5457
03:49:47,400 --> 03:49:50,560
AND PRESSURE PAIN THRESHOLDS. 

5458
03:49:50,560 --> 03:49:56,200
GENOTYPE FOR 10877969 WAS CODED 

5459
03:49:56,200 --> 03:49:58,120
AS THE NUMBER OF SEEN ALLELES 

5460
03:49:58,120 --> 03:50:01,480
AND WE USED ROBUST LINEAR 

5461
03:50:01,480 --> 03:50:04,200
REGRESSION CONTINUE WITH IMPACT 

5462
03:50:04,200 --> 03:50:07,760
OF FITTING BY HIGH INFLUENTIAL 

5463
03:50:07,760 --> 03:50:14,720
POI

5464
03:50:14,720 --> 03:50:14,960
POINTS. 

5465
03:50:14,960 --> 03:50:17,720
RESULTS SUGGESTING FOR THIS 

5466
03:50:17,720 --> 03:50:19,920
MODEL SUGGESTING AGE -- NO 

5467
03:50:19,920 --> 03:50:21,600
DIFFERENCES IN COLD OR HEAT 

5468
03:50:21,600 --> 03:50:23,880
PRESSURE THRESHOLD OR PERCEIVED 

5469
03:50:23,880 --> 03:50:25,160
STRESS QUESTIONNAIRE. 

5470
03:50:25,160 --> 03:50:29,080
WE -- BETWEEN ADPR1A GENOTYPES. 

5471
03:50:29,080 --> 03:50:31,400
THE A -- THE AVERAGE PAIN 

5472
03:50:31,400 --> 03:50:32,960
INTENSITY WAS MARGINALLY 

5473
03:50:32,960 --> 03:50:34,840
ASSOCIATED WITH THE GENOTYPE AS 

5474
03:50:34,840 --> 03:50:36,880
WELL AS PERCEIVED STRESS. 

5475
03:50:36,880 --> 03:50:45,400
AND MODEL OF API, AND THIS 

5476
03:50:45,400 --> 03:50:46,520
10877969PSQ AND INTERACTION OF 

5477
03:50:46,520 --> 03:50:51,120
THE GENOTYPE IN PSQ, WE DIDN'T 

5478
03:50:51,120 --> 03:50:54,960
OBSERVE SIGNIFICANT INTERACTION 

5479
03:50:54,960 --> 03:50:56,960
OF THE SNIP AND PERCEIVED STRESS

5480
03:50:56,960 --> 03:50:59,160
AND AMONG ADULTS WITH SICKLE 

5481
03:50:59,160 --> 03:51:01,520
CELL DISEASE, CLINICAL PAIN WAS 

5482
03:51:01,520 --> 03:51:06,080
ASSOCIATED WITH SNIP AND NOT 

5483
03:51:06,080 --> 03:51:06,840
EXPERIMENTAL, THERMAL AND 

5484
03:51:06,840 --> 03:51:08,840
PRESSURE PAIN THRESHOLDS AND 

5485
03:51:08,840 --> 03:51:19,320
CONCLUDE IN THIS SAMPLE OF. 

5486
03:51:20,600 --> 03:51:22,320
AVERAGE PAIN INTENSITY AND 

5487
03:51:22,320 --> 03:51:23,920
STRESS AND REPORTED PREVIOUSLY 

5488
03:51:23,920 --> 03:51:25,800
THAT INDIVIDUALS WITH SICKLE 

5489
03:51:25,800 --> 03:51:29,360
CELL DISEASE AND CC GENOTYPE 

5490
03:51:29,360 --> 03:51:30,440
SITED STRESS MUCH LESS THAN 

5491
03:51:30,440 --> 03:51:32,320
OTHER TWO GENOTYPES AND FOUND 

5492
03:51:32,320 --> 03:51:34,160
EVIDENCE OF CONTRIBUTIONS OF 

5493
03:51:34,160 --> 03:51:37,560
SNIP CC GENOTYPE TO AVERAGE PAIN

5494
03:51:37,560 --> 03:51:39,440
INTENSITY MORE TO FURTHER 

5495
03:51:39,440 --> 03:51:41,840
INVESTIGATION AND UNDERSTANDING 

5496
03:51:41,840 --> 03:51:44,840
HOW THE SNIP AND/OR SURROUNDING 

5497
03:51:44,840 --> 03:51:48,920
GENETICALLY LINKED REGIONS 

5498
03:51:48,920 --> 03:51:52,920
INFLUENCE CLINICAL PAIN IN 

5499
03:51:52,920 --> 03:51:53,840
SICKLE CELL DISEASE. 

5500
03:51:53,840 --> 03:51:57,680
>>I'M KEN AND I WILL
PRESENT 

5501
03:51:57,680 --> 03:52:08,200
ABSTRACT TITLED [INDISCERNIBLE].

5502
03:52:13,000 --> 03:52:15,880
>>IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY 

5503
03:52:15,880 --> 03:52:19,120
LESIONS IN AMD OUTSIDE OF THE 

5504
03:52:19,120 --> 03:52:20,960
UTERUS AND INDUCTION OF CHRONIC 

5505
03:52:20,960 --> 03:52:24,280
PAIN AND IS NOT CLEAR WHICH IN 

5506
03:52:24,280 --> 03:52:25,920
FIELD FACTORS MECHANISMS ARE 

5507
03:52:25,920 --> 03:52:28,360
DRIVING PAIN.  WE KNOW FROM 

5508
03:52:28,360 --> 03:52:29,800
LITERATURE [INDISCERNIBLE] HAVE 

5509
03:52:29,800 --> 03:52:31,280
ELEVATED NUMBER OF MASS CELLS 

5510
03:52:31,280 --> 03:52:33,040
AND MASS CELLS DON'T PLAY 

5511
03:52:33,040 --> 03:52:34,640
IMPORTANT ROLE IN INFLAMMATION 

5512
03:52:34,640 --> 03:52:35,680
AND [INDISCERNIBLE] IN MEN AND 

5513
03:52:35,680 --> 03:52:38,560
IN ADDITION IS NOT IN 

5514
03:52:38,560 --> 03:52:40,000
[INDISCERNIBLE] I WILL REFER TO 

5515
03:52:40,000 --> 03:52:42,560
FOR NOW THAT IS KEY TO ASCENDING

5516
03:52:42,560 --> 03:52:44,920
AND DESCENDING SOMATIC PAIN 

5517
03:52:44,920 --> 03:52:46,680
PATHWAYS AND IN THIS POSTER I 

5518
03:52:46,680 --> 03:52:50,880
WILL USE NON-INVASIVE MOUSE 

5519
03:52:50,880 --> 03:52:53,080
MODEL -- ASSOCIATED CHRONICLE 

5520
03:52:53,080 --> 03:52:56,160
PAIN AND FILTRATION AND 

5521
03:52:56,160 --> 03:53:00,920
ASSOCIATED WITH THIS OF PVN AND 

5522
03:53:00,920 --> 03:53:04,560
MAIN TAKEAWAY FROM FIGURE WILL 

5523
03:53:04,560 --> 03:53:07,040
ELICIT TACTILE DINNIA IN MICE 

5524
03:53:07,040 --> 03:53:10,080
AND INDUCE ENDOMETRIOSIS AND IN 

5525
03:53:10,080 --> 03:53:12,240
FIGURE 2 WE USE STAINING TO 

5526
03:53:12,240 --> 03:53:14,640
VERIFY MASS OF VALIDATION IS 

5527
03:53:14,640 --> 03:53:16,560
ONGOING IN [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5528
03:53:16,560 --> 03:53:20,280
COLLECTED BY BIOSPECIMEN CORE AT

5529
03:53:20,280 --> 03:53:26,320
PET AND FIGURE 3A -- REVERSES 

5530
03:53:26,320 --> 03:53:28,880
TACTILE DINNIA AND FIGURE 3B 

5531
03:53:28,880 --> 03:53:33,440
DEMONSTRATED THAT MOUSE MODEL 

5532
03:53:33,440 --> 03:53:36,840
ENDOMETRIOSIS CHEMICAL AND 

5533
03:53:36,840 --> 03:53:41,920
HYPERACTIVITY TACTILE 

5534
03:53:41,920 --> 03:53:43,440
INDEPENDENT MANNER IN MICE AND 

5535
03:53:43,440 --> 03:53:47,520
USING THIS TO RECORD PBN OF MICE

5536
03:53:47,520 --> 03:53:52,920
WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS AND PANEL 5A 

5537
03:53:52,920 --> 03:53:57,440
REPRESENTED RECORDING SHOWED PBN

5538
03:53:57,440 --> 03:53:58,200
ACTIVATE AFTER [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5539
03:53:58,200 --> 03:54:00,880
REPRESENTED IN BLUE ARROWS AND 

5540
03:54:00,880 --> 03:54:01,880
REGION IN [INDISCERNIBLE] AND 

5541
03:54:01,880 --> 03:54:04,280
HOWEVER MICE WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS 

5542
03:54:04,280 --> 03:54:05,320
AND CHEMICAL ASSIMILATION TO 

5543
03:54:05,320 --> 03:54:09,360
THIS AKTIVATES PBN AND 

5544
03:54:09,360 --> 03:54:11,920
ASSIMILATION APPLY TO MICE DOES 

5545
03:54:11,920 --> 03:54:16,640
NOT ACTIVATE PVN AND IN THIS WE 

5546
03:54:16,640 --> 03:54:18,480
SHOW [INDISCERNIBLE] SIGNIFICANT

5547
03:54:18,480 --> 03:54:19,840
COMPARED TO CONTROL AND STICKING

5548
03:54:19,840 --> 03:54:22,120
TOGETHER WE DEMONSTRATED MASS 

5549
03:54:22,120 --> 03:54:26,320
CELLS IN BGF IN UTERUS PLAYS 

5550
03:54:26,320 --> 03:54:28,920
IMPORTANT ROLE OF TACTILE DINNIA

5551
03:54:28,920 --> 03:54:32,320
AND PBN IS RELEVANT CENTRAL 

5552
03:54:32,320 --> 03:54:33,360
MECHANISMS THAT HAVE 

5553
03:54:33,360 --> 03:54:35,800
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND IN FUTURE 

5554
03:54:35,800 --> 03:54:37,320
THEY WILL DECIPHER WHICH 

5555
03:54:37,320 --> 03:54:41,880
INTERACT WITH MASS CELLS AND 

5556
03:54:41,880 --> 03:54:44,160
ENDOMETRIOSIS AND IDENTIFY WHICH

5557
03:54:44,160 --> 03:54:47,040
CELL TYPES IN ENDOMETRIOSIS AND 

5558
03:54:47,040 --> 03:54:49,840
FUNDED BY NIDK.  THANK YOU. 

5559
03:54:49,840 --> 03:54:51,560
>>I'M MATT FROM CLINICAL
CENTER

5560
03:54:51,560 --> 03:54:53,240
AND HERE TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT 

5561
03:54:53,240 --> 03:54:56,360
HOW PAIN BEGINS AND IS DATA FROM

5562
03:54:56,360 --> 03:54:58,600
A HUMAN PROTOCOL WE COLLECTED 

5563
03:54:58,600 --> 03:55:00,760
TISSUE DURING [INDISCERNIBLE]. 

5564
03:55:00,760 --> 03:55:03,120
SO, THIS PROJECT BEGINS WITH A 

5565
03:55:03,120 --> 03:55:05,400
MODEL THAT IS SOMEWHAT LIKE AN 

5566
03:55:05,400 --> 03:55:07,360
ANIMAL MODEL WHERE AN INJURY IS 

5567
03:55:07,360 --> 03:55:09,000
INDUCED TO FOLLOW THE EVENTS 

5568
03:55:09,000 --> 03:55:11,720
OVER TIME AND EXCEPT IN THIS 

5569
03:55:11,720 --> 03:55:13,600
CASE, THE MODEL INJURY IS 

5570
03:55:13,600 --> 03:55:15,480
INDUCED FOR A CLINICAL PURPOSE 

5571
03:55:15,480 --> 03:55:18,680
AND TISSUE IS COLLECTED AS 

5572
03:55:18,680 --> 03:55:20,840
SURGICAL DISCARD THROUGHOUT THE 

5573
03:55:20,840 --> 03:55:24,280
PROCEDURE AND WORKING WITH 

5574
03:55:24,280 --> 03:55:26,680
SURGEONS OPENING THORACIC CAVITY

5575
03:55:26,680 --> 03:55:28,400
AND AFTER BRAIN INCISION WE 

5576
03:55:28,400 --> 03:55:29,600
COLLECT THIS TIME POINT THAT IS 

5577
03:55:29,600 --> 03:55:32,920
BEFORE THE TISSUE HAD TIME TO 

5578
03:55:32,920 --> 03:55:34,680
RESPOND MOLECULARLY AND IS ZERO 

5579
03:55:34,680 --> 03:55:36,400
CONTROL AND COLLECTED 1 HOUR 2 

5580
03:55:36,400 --> 03:55:40,360
HOURS 4 HOURS OR 6 HOURS AND 

5581
03:55:40,360 --> 03:55:42,960
THESE ARE IN LONG CASES AND IN 

5582
03:55:42,960 --> 03:55:45,400
EACH SAMPLE UNDERSTANDING ALL 

5583
03:55:45,400 --> 03:55:47,120
MOLECULAR CHANGES SUBDIVIDED TO 

5584
03:55:47,120 --> 03:55:50,520
LOOK AT RNAS FOR RNA SEEK AND 

5585
03:55:50,520 --> 03:55:52,760
IMBEDDING LOOKING AT SPATIAL 

5586
03:55:52,760 --> 03:55:56,760
TECHNIQUES AND SPATIAL BIOLOGY. 

5587
03:55:56,760 --> 03:56:00,960
H & E HISTOLOGY AND 

5588
03:56:00,960 --> 03:56:03,360
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND LIPO DOME EX

5589
03:56:03,360 --> 03:56:06,000
IN LIPID MODELS FOR PAIN AND 

5590
03:56:06,000 --> 03:56:07,560
RESOLVING WAY TO SURVEY THINGS 

5591
03:56:07,560 --> 03:56:09,040
INVOLVED IN BEGINNING OF PAIN 

5592
03:56:09,040 --> 03:56:12,640
AND ALSO IN TISSUE INJURY 

5593
03:56:12,640 --> 03:56:13,360
RESPONSES SUBSEQUENTLY WOUND 

5594
03:56:13,360 --> 03:56:16,040
HEALING THAT IS FIRST PLACE IN 

5595
03:56:16,040 --> 03:56:18,640
WHICH SIGNALING CASCADES ARE 

5596
03:56:18,640 --> 03:56:19,880
ACTIVATED AT SKIN RIGHT AFTER 

5597
03:56:19,880 --> 03:56:21,520
INCISION AND LOTS OF THINGS WE 

5598
03:56:21,520 --> 03:56:23,520
SEE ARE INFLAMMATORY SIGNALS 

5599
03:56:23,520 --> 03:56:26,360
ALSO AND WAY THAT THESE THINGS 

5600
03:56:26,360 --> 03:56:27,680
INTERACT AS THEY ARE COLLECTIVE 

5601
03:56:27,680 --> 03:56:32,480
AT SAME TIME AND MANY SIGNAL AT 

5602
03:56:32,480 --> 03:56:34,200
SAME MOLECULES. 

5603
03:56:34,200 --> 03:56:36,600
SITE OF THIS INJURY AND SKIN IS 

5604
03:56:36,600 --> 03:56:38,520
INITIATION FOR DOWNSTREAM EVENTS

5605
03:56:38,520 --> 03:56:40,440
AND THING TO REMEMBER ABOUT THIS

5606
03:56:40,440 --> 03:56:43,880
IS IT IS TRANSLATED AND IN HUMAN

5607
03:56:43,880 --> 03:56:45,560
AND RELEVANT AT LEAST TO PEOPLE 

5608
03:56:45,560 --> 03:56:47,080
THAT ARE PARTICIPANTS IN THE 

5609
03:56:47,080 --> 03:56:51,480
STUDY AND LOOKING AT DATA IS A 

5610
03:56:51,480 --> 03:56:53,600
BROAD SURVEY OF RNA SEEK DATA 

5611
03:56:53,600 --> 03:56:55,120
CAN'T GET TO ALL OF IT BECAUSE 

5612
03:56:55,120 --> 03:56:57,520
OF THE TIME AND OVERALL TISSUE 

5613
03:56:57,520 --> 03:57:00,120
WAS CONTINUALLY TRAUMATIZED OVER

5614
03:57:00,120 --> 03:57:01,920
COURSE OF THE SURGERY AND THINGS

5615
03:57:01,920 --> 03:57:04,000
CONTINUING TO INCREASE INCREASE 

5616
03:57:04,000 --> 03:57:05,160
MORE STRONGLY OVER TIME AND 

5617
03:57:05,160 --> 03:57:07,200
THINGS DECREASING CONTINUE TO 

5618
03:57:07,200 --> 03:57:08,520
DECREASE MORE STRONGLY OVER TIME

5619
03:57:08,520 --> 03:57:12,240
AND IN GENERAL, WE CAN LOOK AT 

5620
03:57:12,240 --> 03:57:15,480
THE SHAPES OF THE DISEASE 

5621
03:57:15,480 --> 03:57:17,040
CHANGING OVERALL AND PRIORITIZE 

5622
03:57:17,040 --> 03:57:19,800
STRONGLY INCREASING GENES 

5623
03:57:19,800 --> 03:57:22,680
CYTOKINES IL-6 AND CCL2 TO 

5624
03:57:22,680 --> 03:57:26,320
FOLLOW UP TO EXAMINE ROLE AND 

5625
03:57:26,320 --> 03:57:27,560
INFLAMMATION PAIN AND WOUND 

5626
03:57:27,560 --> 03:57:31,120
HEALING AND WE CAN DO THIS 

5627
03:57:31,120 --> 03:57:31,720
BACKTRANSLATING TAKING MOST 

5628
03:57:31,720 --> 03:57:32,960
IMPORTANT FINDINGS PUTTING THEM 

5629
03:57:32,960 --> 03:57:35,360
BACK INTO MODELS OF PAIN AND 

5630
03:57:35,360 --> 03:57:37,880
WOUND HEALING IN RATS AND 

5631
03:57:37,880 --> 03:57:39,480
SUBCULTURE AND INDUCIVE WOUND 

5632
03:57:39,480 --> 03:57:43,320
BACK IN THE RAT MANIPULATING 

5633
03:57:43,320 --> 03:57:44,920
MOLECULAR CHANGES SEEING EFFECT 

5634
03:57:44,920 --> 03:57:46,640
NOT ONLY ON PAIN BUT WOUND 

5635
03:57:46,640 --> 03:57:49,080
HEALING INL FLAMATION OF THIS 

5636
03:57:49,080 --> 03:57:50,160
ALL TOGETHER PUTTING IT BACK 

5637
03:57:50,160 --> 03:57:51,720
TOGETHER AND BEYOND THIS MODEL 

5638
03:57:51,720 --> 03:57:54,200
ONE THING WE NOW DO IS GO BACK 

5639
03:57:54,200 --> 03:57:57,680
AND LOOK AT LONGER TIME POINTS 

5640
03:57:57,680 --> 03:58:05,640
FROM IMPLANTED TO. 

5641
03:58:05,640 --> 03:58:06,360
[INDISCERNIBLE] COULD BE QUITE 

5642
03:58:06,360 --> 03:58:09,560
[INDISCERNIBLE] TO DO AND WE ARE

5643
03:58:09,560 --> 03:58:12,520
IN FOR IT.  OVERALL THIS IS AN 

5644
03:58:12,520 --> 03:58:14,560
INTERESTING STUDY THAT IS PART 

5645
03:58:14,560 --> 03:58:15,720
OF CLINICIAN SCIENCE PARTNERSHIP

5646
03:58:15,720 --> 03:58:18,040
THAT WE ARE VERY EXCITE BD IT 

5647
03:58:18,040 --> 03:58:20,760
AND WOULD LOVE TO TALK MORE 

5648
03:58:20,760 --> 03:58:21,520
ABOUT IT. 

5649
03:58:21,520 --> 03:58:24,800
>>MY WORK FOCUSES ON
INFLUENCE 

5650
03:58:24,800 --> 03:58:26,680
OF PARENTAL BELIEFS OF PAIN 

5651
03:58:26,680 --> 03:58:30,680
MANAGEMENT AND OVERALL AIMS OF 

5652
03:58:30,680 --> 03:58:33,520
STUDY WERE TWO FOLD TO DEVELOP A

5653
03:58:33,520 --> 03:58:35,520
MEASURE AND PAIN MANAGEMENT 

5654
03:58:35,520 --> 03:58:39,520
SPECIFIC TO SURGICAL CONTEXT AND

5655
03:58:39,520 --> 03:58:40,080
EVALUATE EVALUATION OF 

5656
03:58:40,080 --> 03:58:42,240
[INDISCERNIBLE] ANALGESICS AND 

5657
03:58:42,240 --> 03:58:44,920
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND 

5658
03:58:44,920 --> 03:58:46,320
DECISION MAKING REGARDING 

5659
03:58:46,320 --> 03:58:47,720
[INDISCERNIBLE] MEASURE BASED ON

5660
03:58:47,720 --> 03:58:49,720
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND SEE A 

5661
03:58:49,720 --> 03:58:52,320
GAP FOR THIS TYPE OF MEASURE 

5662
03:58:52,320 --> 03:58:54,440
THAT HAS PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES

5663
03:58:54,440 --> 03:58:57,520
THAT IS SHORT AND HAS GOOD 

5664
03:58:57,520 --> 03:58:58,960
CLINICAL UTILITY AND WE ARE 

5665
03:58:58,960 --> 03:59:00,760
INTERESTED IN EVALUATING WHETHER

5666
03:59:00,760 --> 03:59:02,480
OR NOT THIS COULD BE AN 

5667
03:59:02,480 --> 03:59:03,720
IMPORTANT CONSTRUCT FOR 

5668
03:59:03,720 --> 03:59:05,920
TAILORING AND PARENT EDUCATION 

5669
03:59:05,920 --> 03:59:07,320
ON OPIOIDS AND INCLUDING 

5670
03:59:07,320 --> 03:59:08,840
ULTIMATELY OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN

5671
03:59:08,840 --> 03:59:11,520
THAT ARE FOLLOWING SURGERY. 

5672
03:59:11,520 --> 03:59:13,480
WE EVALUATED THIS MEASURE IN THE

5673
03:59:13,480 --> 03:59:15,520
CONTEXT OF TWO STUDIES AND FIRST

5674
03:59:15,520 --> 03:59:18,960
BEING IN A SAMPLE APPEARANCE IN 

5675
03:59:18,960 --> 03:59:20,800
CHILDREN AGES 5 THROUGH 17 AND 

5676
03:59:20,800 --> 03:59:24,240
RESEARCH MA CH THAT IS PURELY 

5677
03:59:24,240 --> 03:59:27,520
CROSS-SECTIONAL THAT WAS NOT WE 

5678
03:59:27,520 --> 03:59:28,200
NEED TO HAVE CHILDREN UNDERGOING

5679
03:59:28,200 --> 03:59:29,840
SURGERY AT ALL AND THIS IS 

5680
03:59:29,840 --> 03:59:32,040
PURELY HOW THEY PERFORM AND 

5681
03:59:32,040 --> 03:59:34,360
EVALUATE OTHER CONSTRUCTS AND WE

5682
03:59:34,360 --> 03:59:37,760
SAW TWO SUBSCALES EMERGED FIRST 

5683
03:59:37,760 --> 03:59:39,440
BEING POSITIVE PARENT OPIOID 

5684
03:59:39,440 --> 03:59:40,920
BELIEFS AND SIGNIFICANTLY 

5685
03:59:40,920 --> 03:59:43,600
CORRELATED WITH PARENT AND 

5686
03:59:43,600 --> 03:59:45,840
CHILD'S OWN MEDICAL OPIOID 

5687
03:59:45,840 --> 03:59:48,120
EXPOSURE IN THE PAST AND 

5688
03:59:48,120 --> 03:59:49,520
CATASTROPHIZING ABOUT CHILD'S 

5689
03:59:49,520 --> 03:59:52,640
PAIN AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND

5690
03:59:52,640 --> 03:59:56,000
GREATER LIKELIHOOD GIVING ACUTE 

5691
03:59:56,000 --> 03:59:58,360
SCENARIO WE GAVE THEM AND SAW 

5692
03:59:58,360 --> 04:00:00,240
PARENT OPIOID UNCERTAINTIES 

5693
04:00:00,240 --> 04:00:00,960
UNLIKE THOSE THAT ARE HARD TO 

5694
04:00:00,960 --> 04:00:02,880
DECIDE WHETHER OR NO THE TO GIVE

5695
04:00:02,880 --> 04:00:04,920
CHILD OPIOID FOLLOWING SURGERY 

5696
04:00:04,920 --> 04:00:06,440
THAT IS SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED

5697
04:00:06,440 --> 04:00:09,480
WITH LOWER PARENT MEDICAL OPIOID

5698
04:00:09,480 --> 04:00:12,000
EXPOSURE IN THE PAST PARENT 

5699
04:00:12,000 --> 04:00:13,120
CATASTROPHIZING ABOUT CHILD'S 

5700
04:00:13,120 --> 04:00:15,520
PAIN AND GIVING OPIOID AND 

5701
04:00:15,520 --> 04:00:16,280
[INDISCERNIBLE] PAIN SCENARIO 

5702
04:00:16,280 --> 04:00:19,400
AND WANTED TO SEE HOW MEASURE 

5703
04:00:19,400 --> 04:00:21,360
PERFORMED IN REAL WORLD DATA AND

5704
04:00:21,360 --> 04:00:23,960
CASE 23 STUDY ONGOING DATA 

5705
04:00:23,960 --> 04:00:25,440
COLLECTION THAT IS SMALL 

5706
04:00:25,440 --> 04:00:26,960
SUBSAMPLE OF PARTICIPANTS AT 

5707
04:00:26,960 --> 04:00:29,800
THIS POINT THAT WE HAVE DAILY 

5708
04:00:29,800 --> 04:00:32,560
DIARIES FOR 7 DAYS FOLLOWING 

5709
04:00:32,560 --> 04:00:33,200
[INDISCERNIBLE] PROCEDURES AND 

5710
04:00:33,200 --> 04:00:37,840
WHAT WE SAW HERE IS THAT THIS 

5711
04:00:37,840 --> 04:00:40,960
SURGERY POSITIVE OPIOID SCALES 

5712
04:00:40,960 --> 04:00:44,000
-- ADMINISTRATIONS FOLLOWING 

5713
04:00:44,000 --> 04:00:47,480
TONSILLECTOMY AND PRESURGERY 

5714
04:00:47,480 --> 04:00:48,320
OPIOID UNCERTAINTY SUBSCALE 

5715
04:00:48,320 --> 04:00:50,760
CORRELATED ARE HIGHER LEVEL OF 

5716
04:00:50,760 --> 04:00:53,360
PARENT STRESS AT TIME OF OPIOID 

5717
04:00:53,360 --> 04:00:55,840
ADMINISTRATION AND THINK USING 

5718
04:00:55,840 --> 04:00:57,320
MEASURE LIKE THIS PRESURGERY 

5719
04:00:57,320 --> 04:01:00,320
GETS TO 6 ITEMS TELLING HOW 

5720
04:01:00,320 --> 04:01:02,760
PARENTS THINK ABOUT OPIOIDS IS 

5721
04:01:02,760 --> 04:01:04,400
USEFUL IN TAILORING INTERVENTION

5722
04:01:04,400 --> 04:01:06,640
TO HELP HAVE ADEQUATE PAIN 

5723
04:01:06,640 --> 04:01:07,400
MANAGEMENT FOR CHILDREN 

5724
04:01:07,400 --> 04:01:09,200
FOLLOWING SURGERY AND GOAL IS TO

5725
04:01:09,200 --> 04:01:16,840
PAIR THIS WITH PAIN DATA IN THE 

5726
04:01:16,840 --> 04:01:17,080
FUTURE. 

5727
04:01:17,080 --> 04:01:20,680
>>HELLO.  -- THE LAB OF
DR. 

5728
04:01:20,680 --> 04:01:21,080
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

5729
04:01:21,080 --> 04:01:24,920
OUR LAB IS INTERESTED IN CENTRAL

5730
04:01:24,920 --> 04:01:26,720
NERVOUS SYSTEM MECHANISMS WORK I

5731
04:01:26,720 --> 04:01:29,360
WILL PRESENT FOCUSES ON BRAIN 

5732
04:01:29,360 --> 04:01:30,600
REGION IMPORTANT FOR PERCEPTION 

5733
04:01:30,600 --> 04:01:35,400
OF PAIN INDUCING PLASTICITY AND 

5734
04:01:35,400 --> 04:01:38,120
PBN IS IMPORTANT BRAIN REGION 

5735
04:01:38,120 --> 04:01:42,200
FOR ASPECTS OF OFFENSIVE 

5736
04:01:42,200 --> 04:01:45,560
BEHAVIORS -- PBN OUTPUT TO 

5737
04:01:45,560 --> 04:01:49,760
CENTRAL AMYGDALA IS IN PAIN AND 

5738
04:01:49,760 --> 04:01:51,600
MUCH STUDY LITTLE FOCUS WHAT IS 

5739
04:01:51,600 --> 04:01:59,960
HAPPENING AT LEVEL OF PBN -- 

5740
04:01:59,960 --> 04:02:01,120
NEURONS FOLLOWING INJURY AND 

5741
04:02:01,120 --> 04:02:03,920
USED CUFF MODEL OF NEUROPATHIC 

5742
04:02:03,920 --> 04:02:07,120
INJURY INDUCING HYPERSENSITIVITY

5743
04:02:07,120 --> 04:02:08,800
THROUGH CONSTRUCTION OF SCIATIC 

5744
04:02:08,800 --> 04:02:12,920
NERVE AND IN VIVO ARE NEURONS 

5745
04:02:12,920 --> 04:02:15,600
FIRING SPONTANEOUSLY IN CUFF 

5746
04:02:15,600 --> 04:02:16,040
GROUP COMPARED TO 

5747
04:02:16,040 --> 04:02:18,480
[INDISCERNIBLE] THAT IS PAIN 

5748
04:02:18,480 --> 04:02:20,880
FREE AND HOWEVER I HAVE 

5749
04:02:20,880 --> 04:02:22,800
PRELIMINARY DATA SUGGESTING THAT

5750
04:02:22,800 --> 04:02:26,520
NEURONS PROJECTING TERMINALIS 

5751
04:02:26,520 --> 04:02:28,720
AND ANOTHER LIMBIC SUBNUCLEUS 

5752
04:02:28,720 --> 04:02:31,000
AND STICKING TOGETHER INDICATES 

5753
04:02:31,000 --> 04:02:33,320
PBN HYPERACTIVITY OBSERVED IN 

5754
04:02:33,320 --> 04:02:36,960
VIVO IS RESTRICTED TO CERTAIN 

5755
04:02:36,960 --> 04:02:38,560
NEURONAL POPULATIONS AND 

5756
04:02:38,560 --> 04:02:41,000
SPONTANEOUS FIRING FIRING 

5757
04:02:41,000 --> 04:02:42,600
FREQUENCY AND PROPERTIES WE 

5758
04:02:42,600 --> 04:02:44,000
OBSERVE NO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 

5759
04:02:44,000 --> 04:02:46,160
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND FOUND NO 

5760
04:02:46,160 --> 04:02:47,920
CHANGES IN INTRINSIC PROPERTIES 

5761
04:02:47,920 --> 04:02:50,480
IN THESE COMPARISONS AND FOUND 

5762
04:02:50,480 --> 04:02:53,480
PBN NEURONS ARE VARIABLE IN 

5763
04:02:53,480 --> 04:02:55,480
POLARIZING STEP CLASSIFYING THEM

5764
04:02:55,480 --> 04:02:57,400
ACCORDINGLY AND ANALYZE K THEM 

5765
04:02:57,400 --> 04:02:59,400
BY GROUP AND COMPRISED MAJORITY 

5766
04:02:59,400 --> 04:03:03,600
OF THE NEURONS AND FOUND THAT 

5767
04:03:03,600 --> 04:03:04,920
REGULAR NEURONS BUT NOT LATE 

5768
04:03:04,920 --> 04:03:07,800
FIRING NEURONS DECREASE 

5769
04:03:07,800 --> 04:03:08,560
EXCITABILITY IN [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5770
04:03:08,560 --> 04:03:10,600
THAT IS SURPRISING SO SURPRISING

5771
04:03:10,600 --> 04:03:12,560
IN FACT WE FURTHER EXAMINE 

5772
04:03:12,560 --> 04:03:14,840
POPULATION AGAIN FINDING 

5773
04:03:14,840 --> 04:03:17,000
DECREASED EVOKED EXCITABILITY 

5774
04:03:17,000 --> 04:03:20,000
THAT WORKS AS PROOF OF CONCEPT 

5775
04:03:20,000 --> 04:03:21,840
CERTAIN HYPERACTIVITY SHOWN IN 

5776
04:03:21,840 --> 04:03:24,400
VIVO ARE TO STUDY 

5777
04:03:24,400 --> 04:03:26,720
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY AS THEY ARE 

5778
04:03:26,720 --> 04:03:28,440
PRESERVED IN APROPRIATION AND 

5779
04:03:28,440 --> 04:03:31,880
SUBSET OF NEURONS NOT SHOWN IN 

5780
04:03:31,880 --> 04:03:34,880
VIVO IDENTIFYING WHO NEURONS ARE

5781
04:03:34,880 --> 04:03:36,440
DOWNSTREAM PROJECTIONS MARKERS 

5782
04:03:36,440 --> 04:03:39,880
THEY EXPRESS ALLOW TO ENRICH IN 

5783
04:03:39,880 --> 04:03:41,280
POPULATIONS -- DETERMINING 

5784
04:03:41,280 --> 04:03:44,120
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING INJURY 

5785
04:03:44,120 --> 04:03:45,760
INDUCED PLASTICITY AND THANKS 

5786
04:03:45,760 --> 04:03:47,360
FOR YOUR ATTENTION. 

5787
04:03:47,360 --> 04:03:48,640
>>HELLO, EVERYONE. 

5788
04:03:48,640 --> 04:03:50,840
I'M FROM UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 

5789
04:03:50,840 --> 04:03:52,440
AND LAB IS INTERESTED IN 

5790
04:03:52,440 --> 04:03:54,440
DESIGNING GENETIC AND CODING 

5791
04:03:54,440 --> 04:03:56,960
CENSORS AND TOOLS FOR STUDYING 

5792
04:03:56,960 --> 04:03:58,240
OPIOID SIGNALING. 

5793
04:03:58,240 --> 04:04:00,680
FOR EXAMPLE, WE HAVE DESIGNED 

5794
04:04:00,680 --> 04:04:02,840
GENETIC AND CODING CENSORS FOR 

5795
04:04:02,840 --> 04:04:06,920
DETECTING OPIOIDS IN CELL 

5796
04:04:06,920 --> 04:04:07,880
CULTURES AND IN [INDISCERNIBLE] 

5797
04:04:07,880 --> 04:04:13,360
AND CALLED SPOTTING THAT WE 

5798
04:04:13,360 --> 04:04:15,200
DISCOVERED THIS INHIBIT 

5799
04:04:15,200 --> 04:04:16,440
[INDISCERNIBLE] FOR MATURATION 

5800
04:04:16,440 --> 04:04:19,120
AND IN PRESENCE OF OPIOIDS WILL 

5801
04:04:19,120 --> 04:04:22,720
BE REMOVED BECAUSE IT BINDS TO 

5802
04:04:22,720 --> 04:04:24,760
ACTIVATED PEER RECEPTOR TIGHTER 

5803
04:04:24,760 --> 04:04:27,400
AND [INDISCERNIBLE] CAN MATURE 

5804
04:04:27,400 --> 04:04:31,440
AND THIS IS AN IRREVERSIBLE 

5805
04:04:31,440 --> 04:04:32,280
CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION AND 

5806
04:04:32,280 --> 04:04:35,080
THEREFORE ONCE CENSOR DETECTS 

5807
04:04:35,080 --> 04:04:38,240
OPIOIDS AND FOR ESSENCE WILL BE 

5808
04:04:38,240 --> 04:04:40,720
STABLE AND TESTED THEM IN CELL 

5809
04:04:40,720 --> 04:04:43,400
CULTURES AND IN PRESENCE OF 

5810
04:04:43,400 --> 04:04:45,600
OPIOIDS SEE ENHANCED GOING FOR 

5811
04:04:45,600 --> 04:04:47,080
RESIDENTS AND TEST SPOTTED 

5812
04:04:47,080 --> 04:04:49,120
[INDISCERNIBLE] BY INJECTING 

5813
04:04:49,120 --> 04:04:51,960
VIRUSES ENCODING SPOTTED INTO 

5814
04:04:51,960 --> 04:04:54,920
MOSS BRAIN AND BASICS WHEN 

5815
04:04:54,920 --> 04:04:59,960
CENSOR IS EXPRESSED WILL INJECT 

5816
04:04:59,960 --> 04:05:03,040
MORPHINE OR SALINE INTO HOUSE 

5817
04:05:03,040 --> 04:05:04,480
INJECTION.  YOU SEE THAT THEY 

5818
04:05:04,480 --> 04:05:08,280
HERE SHOW MUCH HIGHER GOING FOR 

5819
04:05:08,280 --> 04:05:11,040
RESONANCE AND CENSORS BEING 

5820
04:05:11,040 --> 04:05:12,920
EXPRESSED IN MORPHINE AND 

5821
04:05:12,920 --> 04:05:14,680
[INDISCERNIBLE] MODELS AND UPON 

5822
04:05:14,680 --> 04:05:16,960
IMPROVEMENT OF THESE CENSOR WE 

5823
04:05:16,960 --> 04:05:19,520
HOPE IT WILL ENABLE UNBIASED 

5824
04:05:19,520 --> 04:05:21,160
SDOOE TECHS OF OPIOID MOLECULES 

5825
04:05:21,160 --> 04:05:23,240
AND PEPTIDES IN THE BRAIN IN THE

5826
04:05:23,240 --> 04:05:26,360
FUTURE AND SAME TIME WE ARE ALSO

5827
04:05:26,360 --> 04:05:27,680
TRYING TO DESIGN CHEMOGENETIC 

5828
04:05:27,680 --> 04:05:31,280
TOOLS THAT COULD BE INTRODUCED 

5829
04:05:31,280 --> 04:05:32,720
INTO SPECIFIC NEURON POPULATIONS

5830
04:05:32,720 --> 04:05:35,840
AND ACTIVATED OPIOID RECEPTOR 

5831
04:05:35,840 --> 04:05:37,920
THERE AND READ OUT FUNCTION 

5832
04:05:37,920 --> 04:05:40,560
OUTPUT IN PAYING MODULATION AND 

5833
04:05:40,560 --> 04:05:42,920
DEPENDENCE AND SO ON. 

5834
04:05:42,920 --> 04:05:45,520
WHAT WE DESIGN IS THESE CHEMICAL

5835
04:05:45,520 --> 04:05:47,960
DEPENDENT PROTEIN SWITCH THAT 

5836
04:05:47,960 --> 04:05:52,720
COULD BE USED TO CAGE UNCUFFING 

5837
04:05:52,720 --> 04:05:54,800
AND PRESENCE IN SHEER 1 

5838
04:05:54,800 --> 04:05:56,920
UNCUFFING WILL BE UNKANLED TO 

5839
04:05:56,920 --> 04:05:59,640
ACTIVATE MOR AND THEREFORE 

5840
04:05:59,640 --> 04:06:01,520
TRIGGER DOWNSTREAM SIGNALING AND

5841
04:06:01,520 --> 04:06:04,960
TO CATEGORIZE THESE TOOLS SO WE 

5842
04:06:04,960 --> 04:06:09,000
USE MP BIOCENSOR THAT CAN DETECT

5843
04:06:09,000 --> 04:06:11,200
THIS LEVEL AND GIVE OTHER LUMINE

5844
04:06:11,200 --> 04:06:13,600
ESSENCE AND FORCED TO INCREASE 

5845
04:06:13,600 --> 04:06:17,920
SECOND P LEVEL AND UPON ADDITION

5846
04:06:17,920 --> 04:06:20,160
OF THIS WE SEE BOTH DECREASE OF 

5847
04:06:20,160 --> 04:06:22,480
THE SECOND MP LEVEL AND 

5848
04:06:22,480 --> 04:06:23,640
INDICATING THAT THE MORE INDEED 

5849
04:06:23,640 --> 04:06:26,960
COULD BE ACTIVITY BY EITHER 

5850
04:06:26,960 --> 04:06:31,000
OPIOIDS AND SHEER ONE UNCAGED 

5851
04:06:31,000 --> 04:06:32,440
UNCUFFLING AND HOWEVER THE 

5852
04:06:32,440 --> 04:06:36,240
CENSOR NOW IS NOT VERY GOOD WHEN

5853
04:06:36,240 --> 04:06:37,360
ADDING NALOXONE THAT IS INCREASE

5854
04:06:37,360 --> 04:06:40,440
THAT IS INDICATING THAT 

5855
04:06:40,440 --> 04:06:42,640
UNCUFFLING IS NOT IN BASAL STATE

5856
04:06:42,640 --> 04:06:44,880
AND UPON FULL IMPROVEMENT WE 

5857
04:06:44,880 --> 04:06:48,680
HOPE THAT THESE TOOLS CAN 

5858
04:06:48,680 --> 04:06:50,240
EVENTUALLY BE USED. 

5859
04:06:50,240 --> 04:06:56,000
>>COPY.  CHECK, 2, CHECK
2.  

5860
04:06:56,000 --> 04:06:59,920
>>PUTTING THESE UP FOR
LIKES. 

5861
04:06:59,920 --> 04:07:03,640
>>FROM OHIO STATE
UNIVERSITY 

5862
04:07:03,640 --> 04:07:07,600
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE AND 

5863
04:07:07,600 --> 04:07:18,120
REHABILITATION -- ONE OF BIGGEST

5864
04:07:25,720 --> 04:07:27,680
PROBLEMS IN SURVIVORSHIP AND 

5865
04:07:27,680 --> 04:07:29,440
CHEMOTHERAPY TO USE ESPECIALLY 

5866
04:07:29,440 --> 04:07:32,400
BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS KILLS 

5867
04:07:32,400 --> 04:07:34,360
TUMORS AND NERVES AND LEAVES 

5868
04:07:34,360 --> 04:07:35,920
THEM WITH SOME BRAIN DAMAGE.  

5869
04:07:35,920 --> 04:07:39,680
THEY HAVE PAIN.  THEY HAVE 

5870
04:07:39,680 --> 04:07:42,240
NEUROMOTOR DEFICITS. 

5871
04:07:42,240 --> 04:07:42,760
INTO SURVIVORSHIP. 

5872
04:07:42,760 --> 04:07:45,560
BECAUSE IT IS CIN. 

5873
04:07:45,560 --> 04:07:47,240
MEDICATIONS HAVE BEEN FOUND TO 

5874
04:07:47,240 --> 04:07:51,240
NOT REALLY WORK OR PRODUCE 

5875
04:07:51,240 --> 04:07:51,760
ADDITIONAL SIDE-EFFECTS. 

5876
04:07:51,760 --> 04:07:53,280
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HAS BEEN 

5877
04:07:53,280 --> 04:07:54,840
FOUNDED AND PROMISING AND 

5878
04:07:54,840 --> 04:07:56,400
QUESTION WAS WHETHER WE COULD 

5879
04:07:56,400 --> 04:07:58,120
IMPROVE ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 

5880
04:07:58,120 --> 04:08:00,840
WITH PARTNER DANCE THAT COMBINED

5881
04:08:00,840 --> 04:08:02,440
RHYTHMIC AUDITORY STIMULATION 

5882
04:08:02,440 --> 04:08:06,240
FROM MUSIC SCIENCE WITH PHYSICAL

5883
04:08:06,240 --> 04:08:09,840
ACTIVITY AS MEDICINE. 

5884
04:08:09,840 --> 04:08:13,160
OUR RESULTS ARE PROMISING. 

5885
04:08:13,160 --> 04:08:16,760
I SHOULD SAY WE LOOKED AT 

5886
04:08:16,760 --> 04:08:19,080
ADAPTIVE TANGO CALLING IT 

5887
04:08:19,080 --> 04:08:21,440
NEUROLOGICAL DANCE TRAINING NDT 

5888
04:08:21,440 --> 04:08:24,760
TANGO AND AFTER FOUR WEEKS OF 

5889
04:08:24,760 --> 04:08:27,920
NDT TANGO TRAINING IMPROVED 

5890
04:08:27,920 --> 04:08:31,880
PATIENT REPORTED SYMPTOMS OF 

5891
04:08:31,880 --> 04:08:33,680
NEUROPATHY AND NEUROMOTOR 

5892
04:08:33,680 --> 04:08:35,840
VARIABILITY AND POSTURE CONTROL 

5893
04:08:35,840 --> 04:08:37,000
AND TASK CONTROL. 

5894
04:08:37,000 --> 04:08:39,720
SO, TIMED UP AND GO WITH A 

5895
04:08:39,720 --> 04:08:41,760
COGNITIVE DUAL TASK AND ALL 

5896
04:08:41,760 --> 04:08:44,080
THREE AREAS ARE BIG AREAS OF 

5897
04:08:44,080 --> 04:08:46,320
DEFICITS FOR THIS POPULATION AND

5898
04:08:46,320 --> 04:08:47,600
IMPROVEMENTS WE SAW AT FOUR 

5899
04:08:47,600 --> 04:08:51,480
WEEKS RETAINED AT 8 WEEKS AND 

5900
04:08:51,480 --> 04:08:54,880
ALSO ONE MONTH FOLLOWING 

5901
04:08:54,880 --> 04:08:56,840
INTERVENTION END AND FOLLOW UP 

5902
04:08:56,840 --> 04:08:59,440
STUDY AND FIVE SURVIVORS THAT 

5903
04:08:59,440 --> 04:09:01,760
WENT THROUGH PROGRAM LOOKING AT 

5904
04:09:01,760 --> 04:09:04,920
EEG WHEN LISTENING TO MUSIC 

5905
04:09:04,920 --> 04:09:07,280
FOUND DOING A CHALLENGING TASK 

5906
04:09:07,280 --> 04:09:10,440
STOOD WITH EYES CLOSED FOR THREE

5907
04:09:10,440 --> 04:09:13,560
SECONDS DOING SILENCE VERSUS 

5908
04:09:13,560 --> 04:09:17,320
LISTENING TO TANGO MUSIC 

5909
04:09:17,320 --> 04:09:19,760
VARIABILITY AND POSTURE CONTROL 

5910
04:09:19,760 --> 04:09:21,680
GOES DOWN AND STABILIZE AND 

5911
04:09:21,680 --> 04:09:23,680
GAMMA BRAIN GOES DOWN AND 

5912
04:09:23,680 --> 04:09:24,360
COGNITIVE [INDISCERNIBLE] GOES 

5913
04:09:24,360 --> 04:09:26,600
DOWN AND LISTENING TO MUSIC 

5914
04:09:26,600 --> 04:09:28,920
TRAINING TO MUSIC FOR 8 WEEKS 

5915
04:09:28,920 --> 04:09:31,400
IMPROVED INSTANTANEOUSLY 

5916
04:09:31,400 --> 04:09:33,720
NEUROMOTOR CONTROL AND COGNITIVE

5917
04:09:33,720 --> 04:09:34,080
LOAD. 

5918
04:09:34,080 --> 04:09:38,040
WE ARE EXCITED TO KEEP STUDYING 

5919
04:09:38,040 --> 04:09:41,200
TH

5920
04:09:41,200 --> 04:09:41,680
THIS. 

5921
04:09:41,680 --> 04:09:44,080
>>IN THIS STUDY WE SOUGHT
TO 

5922
04:09:44,080 --> 04:09:46,360
IDENTIFY PROMOTIONAL RESILIENCE 

5923
04:09:46,360 --> 04:09:51,680
FACTORS IN ENGAGEMENT AND 

5924
04:09:51,680 --> 04:09:52,840
[INDISCERN

5925
04:09:52,840 --> 04:09:53,240
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

5926
04:09:53,240 --> 04:09:56,920
>>THIS IS COMMON IN
CERTAIN 

5927
04:09:56,920 --> 04:10:07,120
ADOLESC

5928
04:10:33,360 --> 04:10:34,240
ADOLESCENCE. 

5929
04:10:34,240 --> 04:10:38,360
[STANDING BY FOR REAL-TIME 

5930
04:10:38,360 --> 04:10:44,480
CAPTIONING]. 

5931
04:10:44,480 --> 04:10:47,000
>>GOOD AFTERNOON.  WE
WILL 

5932
04:10:47,000 --> 04:10:49,360
START THE AFTERNOON SESSION AND 

5933
04:10:49,360 --> 04:10:52,040
I'M DAVE THOMAS AND SENIOR 

5934
04:10:52,040 --> 04:10:53,880
ADVISOR AND OFFICE OF RESEARCH 

5935
04:10:53,880 --> 04:10:56,640
AND WOMEN'S HEALTH AND ADVISOR 

5936
04:10:56,640 --> 04:10:58,520
TO PAIN CONSORTIUM AND I'M VERY 

5937
04:10:58,520 --> 04:11:00,520
HAPPY ABOUT HOW FAR THE PAIN 

5938
04:11:00,520 --> 04:11:02,200
CONSORTIUM HAS COME OVER THE 

5939
04:11:02,200 --> 04:11:04,840
YEARS AND TODAY THIS SESSION IS 

5940
04:11:04,840 --> 04:11:08,760
THE -- I BETTER READ THIS. 

5941
04:11:08,760 --> 04:11:11,200
IT IS THE MITCHELL MAX AWARDS 

5942
04:11:11,200 --> 04:11:14,320
SESSION AND AWARD IS NAMED FOR 

5943
04:11:14,320 --> 04:11:16,640
DR. MITCHELL MAX A NEUROLOGIST 

5944
04:11:16,640 --> 04:11:18,760
AUTHORITY ON MECHANISMS AND 

5945
04:11:18,760 --> 04:11:20,680
NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND GENETIC 

5946
04:11:20,680 --> 04:11:22,760
BASIS OF PAIN AND DURING YEARS 

5947
04:11:22,760 --> 04:11:27,120
AT NIH MITCHELL SERVED AS CHIEF 

5948
04:11:27,120 --> 04:11:28,320
OF CLINICAL PAIN RESEARCH 

5949
04:11:28,320 --> 04:11:30,320
SECTION AND DIRECTOR OF PAIN 

5950
04:11:30,320 --> 04:11:32,920
RESEARCH CLINIC IN NATIONAL 

5951
04:11:32,920 --> 04:11:36,960
INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIAL 

5952
04:11:36,960 --> 04:11:45,200
FACIAL RESEARCH THAT IS AN AWARD

5953
04:11:45,200 --> 04:11:50,200
THAT HONORS HIS LIFETIME 

5954
04:11:50,200 --> 04:11:51,800
CONTRIBUTION TO RESEARCH AND I 

5955
04:11:51,800 --> 04:11:55,080
WAS 25 AT NIH AND THEY HAD ONE 

5956
04:11:55,080 --> 04:11:57,240
OF BEST PAIN RESEARCH GROUPS IN 

5957
04:11:57,240 --> 04:11:59,120
THE WORLD AND PEOPLE WOULD COME 

5958
04:11:59,120 --> 04:12:01,000
FROM AROUND THE WORLD AND 

5959
04:12:01,000 --> 04:12:02,760
MITCHELL STOOD TALL IN THE 

5960
04:12:02,760 --> 04:12:04,880
CONTEXT AND TO US YOUNGER FOLKS 

5961
04:12:04,880 --> 04:12:07,240
ARE LUMINARY CLINICAL EXPERT IN 

5962
04:12:07,240 --> 04:12:08,640
PAIN THAT YOU COULDN'T QUITE 

5963
04:12:08,640 --> 04:12:10,440
FATHOM HOW MUCH HE KNEW ABOUT 

5964
04:12:10,440 --> 04:12:13,800
PAIN AND CLINICAL WORK THAT IS 

5965
04:12:13,800 --> 04:12:14,920
AROUND PAIN. 

5966
04:12:14,920 --> 04:12:16,400
WE LEARNED SO MUCH FROM HIM OVER

5967
04:12:16,400 --> 04:12:19,400
THE YEARS AND HE IS VERY MUCH --

5968
04:12:19,400 --> 04:12:20,920
I'M VERY -- THIS IS SPECIAL FOR 

5969
04:12:20,920 --> 04:12:24,480
ME TO INTRODUCE THIS.  I -- I 

5970
04:12:24,480 --> 04:12:26,400
KNEW HIM AND LIKED HIM AND 

5971
04:12:26,400 --> 04:12:32,200
WORKED WITH HIM AND I MISS HIM. 

5972
04:12:32,200 --> 04:12:35,560
NIH PAIN CONSORTIUM HAS BEEN 

5973
04:12:35,560 --> 04:12:38,360
DOING THIS AWARD TO HIGHLIGHT 

5974
04:12:38,360 --> 04:12:39,960
OUTSTANDING JUNIOR INVESTIGATORS

5975
04:12:39,960 --> 04:12:41,520
AND THEY HAVE BEEN DOING IT 

5976
04:12:41,520 --> 04:12:42,800
SINCE 2009. 

5977
04:12:42,800 --> 04:12:46,120
THERE IS THREE PEOPLE SELECTED 

5978
04:12:46,120 --> 04:12:51,840
TO NEW INVEST GRA GATORS. 

5979
04:12:51,840 --> 04:12:53,720
I HAVE TO STOP DOING THAT.  I 

5980
04:12:53,720 --> 04:12:56,120
WAS WATCHING ALL POSTERS GO BY. 

5981
04:12:56,120 --> 04:13:00,280
THERE IS A REALLY A LOT OF GOOD 

5982
04:13:00,280 --> 04:13:00,600
ONES. 

5983
04:13:00,600 --> 04:13:03,480
SO, THIS IS EMPHASIZING PEOPLE 

5984
04:13:03,480 --> 04:13:06,280
EARLY IN THEIR CAREERS THAT ARE 

5985
04:13:06,280 --> 04:13:08,400
NIH FELLOWS OR CAREER 

5986
04:13:08,400 --> 04:13:09,680
DEVELOPMENT AWARD HOLDERS OR 

5987
04:13:09,680 --> 04:13:12,720
PEOPLE HOLDING FIRST INDEPENDENT

5988
04:13:12,720 --> 04:13:15,720
NIH GRANT AND PANEL OF PAIN 

5989
04:13:15,720 --> 04:13:17,200
CONSORTIUM PEOPLE THAT REVIEWED 

5990
04:13:17,200 --> 04:13:19,800
ALL OF THE POSTERS AND NARROWED 

5991
04:13:19,800 --> 04:13:20,560
IT DOWN TO 3. 

5992
04:13:20,560 --> 04:13:23,280
AND NOW THE THREE OF YOU WILL 

5993
04:13:23,280 --> 04:13:24,920
PRESENT AND SOMEWHERE IN THIS 

5994
04:13:24,920 --> 04:13:25,640
AUDIENCE AND AMONGST US ARE 

5995
04:13:25,640 --> 04:13:28,840
PEOPLE THAT ARE GOING TO GATHER 

5996
04:13:28,840 --> 04:13:30,360
TOGETHER AND JUDGE AND -- AND BY

5997
04:13:30,360 --> 04:13:32,960
THE END OF THE DAY, ONE OF YOU 

5998
04:13:32,960 --> 04:13:36,680
WILL BE 2023 MITCHELL MAX AWARD 

5999
04:13:36,680 --> 04:13:38,840
WINNERS AND CONGRATULATIONS TO 

6000
04:13:38,840 --> 04:13:39,800
ALL OF YOU. 

6001
04:13:39,800 --> 04:13:42,520
I WILL DO THE INTRODUCTIONS OF 

6002
04:13:42,520 --> 04:13:44,560
ALL THREE PRESENTERS TO SAVE 

6003
04:13:44,560 --> 04:13:46,560
TIME JUST REAL QUICKLY AND WE 

6004
04:13:46,560 --> 04:13:50,600
WILL GET UP WITH WHEN IT IS YOUR

6005
04:13:50,600 --> 04:13:52,800
TURN AND FIRST PERSON IS MADELYN

6006
04:13:52,800 --> 04:13:55,600
WHO IS A PHD CANDIDATE IN 

6007
04:13:55,600 --> 04:13:58,480
CLINICAL SCIENCE AT WASHINGTON 

6008
04:13:58,480 --> 04:14:00,920
UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS AND 

6009
04:14:00,920 --> 04:14:03,760
MADELYN COMPLETED UNDERGRADUATE 

6010
04:14:03,760 --> 04:14:08,600
STUDIES AT UNIVERSITY OF NORTH 

6011
04:14:08,600 --> 04:14:10,120
CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL AND WILL DO

6012
04:14:10,120 --> 04:14:12,640
-- MADELYN'S RESEARCH FOCUSES ON

6013
04:14:12,640 --> 04:14:15,800
MOBILE HEALTH DATA TO IMPROVE 

6014
04:14:15,800 --> 04:14:16,960
UNDERSTANDING PREDICTION AND 

6015
04:14:16,960 --> 04:14:19,600
TREATMENT OF CO-OCCURRING 

6016
04:14:19,600 --> 04:14:27,000
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL 

6017
04:14:27,000 --> 04:14:27,240
PROBLEMS. 

6018
04:14:27,240 --> 04:14:30,640
DR. TAICHI GOTO IS A RESEARCH 

6019
04:14:30,640 --> 04:14:31,840
FELLOW WITH LABORATORY THAT IS 

6020
04:14:31,840 --> 04:14:35,240
AT THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 

6021
04:14:35,240 --> 04:14:37,320
NURSING RESEARCH. 

6022
04:14:37,320 --> 04:14:40,920
NIH, HE OBTAINED PHD FROM HEALTH

6023
04:14:40,920 --> 04:14:43,160
SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO IN 

6024
04:14:43,160 --> 04:14:46,920
2018 AND COMPLETED TWO POST 

6025
04:14:46,920 --> 04:14:48,880
DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIPS AT NIR AND 

6026
04:14:48,880 --> 04:14:51,840
NURSING AND AT UNIVERSITY OF 

6027
04:14:51,840 --> 04:14:55,080
MARYLAND SCHOOL OF NURSING 

6028
04:14:55,080 --> 04:14:55,760
TRANSITIONED TO CURRENT POSITION

6029
04:14:55,760 --> 04:14:59,800
LAST YEAR AND RESEARCH INTERESTS

6030
04:14:59,800 --> 04:15:02,040
INCLUDE SYMPTOM SCIENCE FOR 

6031
04:15:02,040 --> 04:15:03,640
DISEASE PREVENTION AND HEALTH 

6032
04:15:03,640 --> 04:15:05,840
PROMOTION THAT IS ONE NIH 

6033
04:15:05,840 --> 04:15:07,480
LEADING AREAS OF RESEARCH 

6034
04:15:07,480 --> 04:15:09,160
INTEREST THAT HE HAS BEEN 

6035
04:15:09,160 --> 04:15:10,720
WORKING ON UNDERLYING MECHANISMS

6036
04:15:10,720 --> 04:15:14,320
AND IDENTIFYING BIOMARKERS FOR 

6037
04:15:14,320 --> 04:15:15,840
WOUND PAIN TO HELP DEVELOP 

6038
04:15:15,840 --> 04:15:18,320
APPROPRIATE INTERVENTIONS FOR 

6039
04:15:18,320 --> 04:15:19,440
ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE 

6040
04:15:19,440 --> 04:15:22,760
POPULATIONS SUCH AS THOSE WITH 

6041
04:15:22,760 --> 04:15:24,720
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. 

6042
04:15:24,720 --> 04:15:26,760
LASTLY, THERE IS DR. TYLER 

6043
04:15:26,760 --> 04:15:30,880
NELSON A POST DOCTORAL ASSISTANT

6044
04:15:30,880 --> 04:15:33,200
RESEARCH SCIENTIST NEW YORK 

6045
04:15:33,200 --> 04:15:35,160
UNIVERSITY PAIN RESEARCH CENTER 

6046
04:15:35,160 --> 04:15:39,600
RECEIVING PHD IN NEUROBIOLOGY 

6047
04:15:39,600 --> 04:15:43,040
PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 

6048
04:15:43,040 --> 04:15:46,280
TRAINEE FOR PITTSBURGH -- 

6049
04:15:46,280 --> 04:15:48,520
NEUROPATHIC AND NEUROMUSCULAR 

6050
04:15:48,520 --> 04:15:51,440
PAIN USING COMBINATION OF 

6051
04:15:51,440 --> 04:15:53,280
MOLECULAR GENETIC 

6052
04:15:53,280 --> 04:15:54,760
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND 

6053
04:15:54,760 --> 04:15:56,680
BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES AND 

6054
04:15:56,680 --> 04:15:58,320
MADELYN YOU ARE FIRST.  I TURN 

6055
04:15:58,320 --> 04:16:08,760
THE PODIUM OVER YOU TO.  

6056
04:16:12,720 --> 04:16:14,760
>>THANK YOU SO MUCH AND
FOR THE

6057
04:16:14,760 --> 04:16:16,440
INVITATION TO BE HERE TODAY.  

6058
04:16:16,440 --> 04:16:18,120
THIS HAS BEEN A GREAT MEETING.  

6059
04:16:18,120 --> 04:16:19,440
I'M EXCITED TO SHARE WITH ALL OF

6060
04:16:19,440 --> 04:16:22,520
YOU WORK WE HAVE DONE TO IMPROVE

6061
04:16:22,520 --> 04:16:23,840
PREDICTION OF SPINE SURGERY 

6062
04:16:23,840 --> 04:16:27,760
OUTCOMES USING DYNAMIC FEATURES 

6063
04:16:27,760 --> 04:16:35,000
DUR DERIVED -- THIS AUDIENCE IS 

6064
04:16:35,000 --> 04:16:35,760
KNOWLEDGEABLE ABOUT PREVALENCE 

6065
04:16:35,760 --> 04:16:38,440
AND IMPACT OF CHRONIC BACKPAIN. 

6066
04:16:38,440 --> 04:16:39,800
I WILL SKIP OVER THAT AND JUMP 

6067
04:16:39,800 --> 04:16:42,080
TO THE ISSUE OF SPINE SURGERY 

6068
04:16:42,080 --> 04:16:44,160
AND SEEN GREAT INCREASES IN RATE

6069
04:16:44,160 --> 04:16:46,600
OF SPINE SURGERY IN PAST COUPLE 

6070
04:16:46,600 --> 04:16:50,080
DECADES THAT BENEFITS CERTAINLY 

6071
04:16:50,080 --> 04:16:52,480
MANY PATIENTS THAT DON'T BENEFIT

6072
04:16:52,480 --> 04:16:54,640
FROM SPINE SURGERY AND 10 TO 40%

6073
04:16:54,640 --> 04:16:57,600
OF PASH YENTSS EXPERIENCE FAILED

6074
04:16:57,600 --> 04:16:59,720
BACK SURGERY SYNDROME NOT 

6075
04:16:59,720 --> 04:17:01,600
INVENTIVE NAME SIGNALING BACK 

6076
04:17:01,600 --> 04:17:04,600
SURGERY DIDN'T HAVE INTENDED 

6077
04:17:04,600 --> 04:17:06,360
EFFECT AND INDIVIDUALS 

6078
04:17:06,360 --> 04:17:07,560
EXPERIENCING ONGOING PAIN AND 

6079
04:17:07,560 --> 04:17:09,000
IMPAIRMENT THAT CONTRIBUTES 

6080
04:17:09,000 --> 04:17:15,120
SIGNIFICANTLY TO ONGOING OPIOID 

6081
04:17:15,120 --> 04:17:18,000
EPIDEMIC 50% OF PATIENTS 

6082
04:17:18,000 --> 04:17:23,400
ANALGESIC POISONING INCLUDING 

6083
04:17:23,400 --> 04:17:24,800
ACKRIDENTAL -- LUMBAR FUSION 

6084
04:17:24,800 --> 04:17:26,360
SURGERY AND GIVEN NEGATIVE 

6085
04:17:26,360 --> 04:17:27,920
OUTCOMES IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WE

6086
04:17:27,920 --> 04:17:30,400
CAN IDENTIFY PATIENTS IF NOT 

6087
04:17:30,400 --> 04:17:32,720
LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM SIDE 

6088
04:17:32,720 --> 04:17:35,120
SURGERIES TO PROVIDE THEM 

6089
04:17:35,120 --> 04:17:36,640
ADJUNCTIVE OR ALTERNATIVE 

6090
04:17:36,640 --> 04:17:38,040
PREVENTIONS AND OTHER STUDIES 

6091
04:17:38,040 --> 04:17:39,960
APPROACH THIS PROBLEM IN 

6092
04:17:39,960 --> 04:17:42,400
PREDICTIVE FRAMEWORK AND STUDIES

6093
04:17:42,400 --> 04:17:43,840
FOCUS ON STATIC RISK FACTORS 

6094
04:17:43,840 --> 04:17:45,960
THAT ARE TYPICAL BASELINE 

6095
04:17:45,960 --> 04:17:47,760
CHARACTERISTICS WE CONDUCT IN 

6096
04:17:47,760 --> 04:17:51,040
STUDIES THINGS LIKE DEMOGRAPHICS

6097
04:17:51,040 --> 04:17:56,480
LIKE SYMPTOM SEVERITIES AND 

6098
04:17:56,480 --> 04:17:58,000
PSYCHOSOCIAL -- APPROACH ONE 

6099
04:17:58,000 --> 04:17:59,680
PREDICTION ACCURACY IS NOT VERY 

6100
04:17:59,680 --> 04:18:01,880
GOOD AND PERFECT ET WHY I GOOD 

6101
04:18:01,880 --> 04:18:03,240
ACCURACY TELLING PARNIENTS IF 

6102
04:18:03,240 --> 04:18:06,160
THEY ARE LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM 

6103
04:18:06,160 --> 04:18:08,320
SURGERY AND DON'T GET ACTION 

6104
04:18:08,320 --> 04:18:10,360
INSIGHTS FROM RISK FACTORS AND 

6105
04:18:10,360 --> 04:18:13,600
SOME NOT MODIFIABLE AND OTHERS 

6106
04:18:13,600 --> 04:18:14,760
HETEROGENIS AND COMMON AND 

6107
04:18:14,760 --> 04:18:17,000
DEPRESSION EXPERIENCED BY AS 

6108
04:18:17,000 --> 04:18:20,200
MUCH AS 40% OF PEOPLE WITH 

6109
04:18:20,200 --> 04:18:23,040
CHRONIC BACKPAIN AND GOAL IN 

6110
04:18:23,040 --> 04:18:24,520
STUDY GRAPHICS WON'T LOAD 

6111
04:18:24,520 --> 04:18:25,400
APPROPRIATELY AND THIS ITEM 

6112
04:18:25,400 --> 04:18:27,480
THERE GOAL IN STUDY IS TO ADD IN

6113
04:18:27,480 --> 04:18:29,560
MOBILE HEALTH MONITORING 

6114
04:18:29,560 --> 04:18:32,280
INCLUDING EMA AND FIT BIT DATA 

6115
04:18:32,280 --> 04:18:34,000
TO IMPROVE PREDICTION AS WELL AS

6116
04:18:34,000 --> 04:18:35,280
UNDERSTANDING WHY SOME 

6117
04:18:35,280 --> 04:18:36,920
INDIVIDUALS ARE AT RISK FOR 

6118
04:18:36,920 --> 04:18:37,720
NEGATIVE OUTCOMES AND WAY THAT 

6119
04:18:37,720 --> 04:18:40,680
WE ARE DOING THIS WE CURRENTLY 

6120
04:18:40,680 --> 04:18:43,280
HAVE 107 PATIENTS ENROLLED IN 

6121
04:18:43,280 --> 04:18:47,800
THE STUDY COMPLETING BASELINE 

6122
04:18:47,800 --> 04:18:51,160
SEMINARS CHARACTERISTICS 

6123
04:18:51,160 --> 04:18:51,720
DEMOGRAPHICS VARIABLES WE 

6124
04:18:51,720 --> 04:18:53,920
COLLECT FROM CHARTS AND PATIENTS

6125
04:18:53,920 --> 04:18:56,200
COMPLETE WEEKS OF MOBILE 

6126
04:18:56,200 --> 04:18:57,920
MONITORING NOT HIRO GLYPHICS 

6127
04:18:57,920 --> 04:18:59,600
SHOULD BE QUESTION ASKING ABOUT 

6128
04:18:59,600 --> 04:19:03,360
PRESENT MOMENT PAIN SEVERITY AND

6129
04:19:03,360 --> 04:19:06,560
PATIENTS DO ASSESSMENT OR EMA 

6130
04:19:06,560 --> 04:19:09,240
BRIEF SMARTPHONE BASED 

6131
04:19:09,240 --> 04:19:10,320
ASSESSMENTS TO TALK ABOUT HOW 

6132
04:19:10,320 --> 04:19:12,320
THEY ARE FEELING IN MOMENT 

6133
04:19:12,320 --> 04:19:14,160
DURING COURSE OF DAY AND FITBIT 

6134
04:19:14,160 --> 04:19:15,160
DURATION OF MOBILE MONITORING 

6135
04:19:15,160 --> 04:19:16,960
AND GOING INTO DETAIL ABOUT DATA

6136
04:19:16,960 --> 04:19:18,800
WE ARE GETTING HERE PATIENTS 

6137
04:19:18,800 --> 04:19:20,280
HAVE SPINE SURGERY AND 

6138
04:19:20,280 --> 04:19:21,840
INTERESTED IN PREDICTING NOW ONE

6139
04:19:21,840 --> 04:19:25,200
MONTH OUTCOMES 46% OF SAMPLE HAD

6140
04:19:25,200 --> 04:19:27,920
CLINICALLY IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT

6141
04:19:27,920 --> 04:19:31,400
IN PROMISED PAIN INTERFERENCE 

6142
04:19:31,400 --> 04:19:33,480
DEFINED AS IMPROVEMENT IN 

6143
04:19:33,480 --> 04:19:34,160
[INDISCERNIBLE] THREE WEEKS OF 

6144
04:19:34,160 --> 04:19:36,720
MOBILE MONITORING WE HAVE FITBIT

6145
04:19:36,720 --> 04:19:40,720
FEATURES PATIENTS PROVIDED WITH 

6146
04:19:40,720 --> 04:19:44,560
FITBIT INSPIRED TOO WEARING 

6147
04:19:44,560 --> 04:19:47,680
DURING DURATION OF DAY AND NIGHT

6148
04:19:47,680 --> 04:19:50,360
AND WE LOOK AT THESE AS PATIENT 

6149
04:19:50,360 --> 04:19:52,400
LEVEL FACTORS FOR EXAMPLE 

6150
04:19:52,400 --> 04:19:53,880
PATIENTS AVERAGE DAILY STEP 

6151
04:19:53,880 --> 04:19:55,960
COUNTS ARE DAY-TO-DAY 

6152
04:19:55,960 --> 04:19:58,000
VARIABILITY IN STEP COUNT AND 

6153
04:19:58,000 --> 04:20:01,640
BASIC EMA FEATURES NOT HIRO 

6154
04:20:01,640 --> 04:20:03,560
GLYPHICS ASSESSING FOUR DOMAINS 

6155
04:20:03,560 --> 04:20:08,280
OF PAIN INTENSITY AND MOMENTS OF

6156
04:20:08,280 --> 04:20:09,240
CATASTROPHIZING AND DEPRESSED 

6157
04:20:09,240 --> 04:20:12,880
MOOD AND SAYING FOR EXAMPLE HOW 

6158
04:20:12,880 --> 04:20:19,280
INTENSE BACK PAIN IS ON SCALE 

6159
04:20:19,280 --> 04:20:23,240
FROM ONE-TO-ONE 00 AND 

6160
04:20:23,240 --> 04:20:24,160
CALCULATING INDIVIDUAL LEVEL 

6161
04:20:24,160 --> 04:20:27,120
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS MEANS 

6162
04:20:27,120 --> 04:20:28,840
VARIABILITY MIN MA AND MA'AMIMA 

6163
04:20:28,840 --> 04:20:32,800
AND DNA FEATURES INVOLVE COMPLEX

6164
04:20:32,800 --> 04:20:33,320
COMPUTATION EXTRACTING 

6165
04:20:33,320 --> 04:20:35,040
INDIVIDUAL ESTIMATES FROM 

6166
04:20:35,040 --> 04:20:36,920
MULTILEVEL DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL 

6167
04:20:36,920 --> 04:20:38,560
EQUATION MODELS IF YOU DON'T 

6168
04:20:38,560 --> 04:20:42,080
KNOW WHAT THAT IS, IT IS OKAY 

6169
04:20:42,080 --> 04:20:44,200
WALKING THROUGH EXAMPLE -- 

6170
04:20:44,200 --> 04:20:45,320
MEASURE AT GIVEN TIME POINT WE 

6171
04:20:45,320 --> 04:20:47,480
MIGHT BE FIRST INTERESTED IN 

6172
04:20:47,480 --> 04:20:48,960
AUTO REGRESSIVE EFFECTS DEGREE 

6173
04:20:48,960 --> 04:20:51,920
TO WHICH SYMPTOM PREDICTS ITSELF

6174
04:20:51,920 --> 04:20:55,240
OVER TIME AND FOR EXAMPLE PAIN 

6175
04:20:55,240 --> 04:20:56,520
SEVERITY INCREASED NOW IT IS 

6176
04:20:56,520 --> 04:20:57,960
STILL LIKELY TO INCREASE THREE 

6177
04:20:57,960 --> 04:21:00,440
HOURS LATER LOOKING AT 

6178
04:21:00,440 --> 04:21:02,600
CONTEMPORANEOUS EFFECTS SIMILAR 

6179
04:21:02,600 --> 04:21:04,040
TO CORRELATIONS OR COVARIANCES 

6180
04:21:04,040 --> 04:21:06,280
LOOKING AT RELATIONSHIPS AT SAME

6181
04:21:06,280 --> 04:21:08,320
MOMENT IN TIME AND FOR EXAMPLE 

6182
04:21:08,320 --> 04:21:11,560
PAIN SEVERITY IS INCREASED NOW 

6183
04:21:11,560 --> 04:21:13,440
CATASTROPHIZING TO BE INCREASED 

6184
04:21:13,440 --> 04:21:15,800
IN SAME MOMENT AND HAVE 

6185
04:21:15,800 --> 04:21:18,280
CROSS-LAGGED EFFECTS LOOKING AT 

6186
04:21:18,280 --> 04:21:19,040
DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN 

6187
04:21:19,040 --> 04:21:20,560
CONSTRUCTS OVER TIME AND FOR 

6188
04:21:20,560 --> 04:21:22,960
EXAMPLE PAIN SEVERITY IS 

6189
04:21:22,960 --> 04:21:24,520
INCREASED NOW CATASTROPHIZING TO

6190
04:21:24,520 --> 04:21:26,800
BE INCREASED IN NEXT ASSESSMENT 

6191
04:21:26,800 --> 04:21:28,960
AND PATHWAYS EXTRACTING 

6192
04:21:28,960 --> 04:21:30,360
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL ESTIMATE 

6193
04:21:30,360 --> 04:21:31,880
TELLING US HOW MUCH PERSON TENDS

6194
04:21:31,880 --> 04:21:33,720
TO HAVE THIS RELATIONSHIP USING 

6195
04:21:33,720 --> 04:21:36,840
THEM AS FEATURES IN DYNAMIC 

6196
04:21:36,840 --> 04:21:38,720
MODELS USING SIMILAR PROCEDURE 

6197
04:21:38,720 --> 04:21:42,960
TO COMBINE EMA AND FITBIT DATA 

6198
04:21:42,960 --> 04:21:45,560
AND FITBIT DATA COLLECTED 

6199
04:21:45,560 --> 04:21:46,400
CONTINUOUSLY AND PERSON LEVEL 

6200
04:21:46,400 --> 04:21:47,960
AVERAGES WE LOOK AT IT IN 

6201
04:21:47,960 --> 04:21:49,880
RELATION TO EMA AND FOR EXAMPLE 

6202
04:21:49,880 --> 04:21:51,920
WE MIGHT BE INTERESTED IN 

6203
04:21:51,920 --> 04:21:53,520
WHETHER INCREASED ACTIVITY IN 

6204
04:21:53,520 --> 04:21:56,520
HOUR PRIOR TO EMA PREDICTS 

6205
04:21:56,520 --> 04:21:57,840
SUBSEQUENT PAIN REPORTS LOOKING 

6206
04:21:57,840 --> 04:22:01,240
AT THAT AGGREGATING EACH 

6207
04:22:01,240 --> 04:22:03,000
PERSON'S STEP COUNT AND LOOK AT 

6208
04:22:03,000 --> 04:22:07,120
THAT AS PREDICTOR OF EMA AND 

6209
04:22:07,120 --> 04:22:07,920
OVERARCHING QUESTION IS WHETHER 

6210
04:22:07,920 --> 04:22:10,600
PREOPERATIVE MOBILE HEALTH 

6211
04:22:10,600 --> 04:22:12,800
MONITORING AND FEATURES DERIVING

6212
04:22:12,800 --> 04:22:14,360
FROM IT HAVE PREDICTION OF 

6213
04:22:14,360 --> 04:22:16,520
SURGICAL OUTCOMES FOCUSING ON 

6214
04:22:16,520 --> 04:22:18,800
ONE MONTH IMPROVEMENT PROMISED 

6215
04:22:18,800 --> 04:22:20,800
PAIN INTERFERENCE DOING THIS 

6216
04:22:20,800 --> 04:22:22,800
TAKING TRADITIONAL STATIC 

6217
04:22:22,800 --> 04:22:27,760
FEATURES SIMILAR TO WHAT OTHER 

6218
04:22:27,760 --> 04:22:28,320
STUDIES HAVE DONE BASELINE 

6219
04:22:28,320 --> 04:22:30,520
CHARACTERISTICS FOLLOWED BY 

6220
04:22:30,520 --> 04:22:32,920
LOGISTIC REGRESSION LEAVING OUT 

6221
04:22:32,920 --> 04:22:33,960
CROSS-VALIDATION EXAMINING 

6222
04:22:33,960 --> 04:22:36,480
PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BASIC 

6223
04:22:36,480 --> 04:22:38,400
STATIC FEATURES IMPROVING 

6224
04:22:38,400 --> 04:22:40,440
PROCESS INCLUDING MOBILE HEALTH 

6225
04:22:40,440 --> 04:22:43,280
FEATURES BASELINE FEATURES FIT 

6226
04:22:43,280 --> 04:22:47,160
BITT FEETERS BASIC AND DYNAMIC 

6227
04:22:47,160 --> 04:22:50,040
EMA FEATURES AND COMBINED FITBIT

6228
04:22:50,040 --> 04:22:52,880
FEATURES SEEING IF IMPROVED 

6229
04:22:52,880 --> 04:22:55,320
PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE AND DATA 

6230
04:22:55,320 --> 04:22:57,960
IMPROVED PREDICTION OF SURGICAL 

6231
04:22:57,960 --> 04:22:59,080
OUTCOMES TRADITIONAL STATIC 

6232
04:22:59,080 --> 04:23:01,680
FEATURES BY THEMSELVES HAVE AREA

6233
04:23:01,680 --> 04:23:04,320
UNDER CURVE OF .58 AND 

6234
04:23:04,320 --> 04:23:05,680
PREDICTION IS NOT EXCELLENT IN 

6235
04:23:05,680 --> 04:23:07,160
ADDITION TO WHAT WE HAVE SEEN IN

6236
04:23:07,160 --> 04:23:09,400
SOME STUDIES ADDING IN MOBILE 

6237
04:23:09,400 --> 04:23:11,640
HEALTH FEATURES SEE BOOST OF 

6238
04:23:11,640 --> 04:23:13,960
PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE IN CURVE 

6239
04:23:13,960 --> 04:23:16,000
OF .81 GETTING PREDICTION WITH 

6240
04:23:16,000 --> 04:23:17,600
MOBILE HEALTH FEATURES 

6241
04:23:17,600 --> 04:23:19,480
INTERESTED IN WHAT IS DRIVING 

6242
04:23:19,480 --> 04:23:20,840
PREDICTION AND WHAT ARE FEATURES

6243
04:23:20,840 --> 04:23:22,000
THAT SEEM TO BE MOST IMPORTANT 

6244
04:23:22,000 --> 04:23:24,320
IN THIS MODEL AND LOOK AT THAT 

6245
04:23:24,320 --> 04:23:27,520
USING VALUES AND SEE STATIC 

6246
04:23:27,520 --> 04:23:30,240
FEATURE POPS OUT AS IMPORTANT 

6247
04:23:30,240 --> 04:23:32,880
FEATURE GREAT PREOPERATIVE -- 

6248
04:23:32,880 --> 04:23:35,880
THIS IS SOMETHING SEEN IN OTHER 

6249
04:23:35,880 --> 04:23:37,560
STUDIES PERHAPS SUGGESTING THAT 

6250
04:23:37,560 --> 04:23:38,840
INDIVIDUALS STARTING OUT WORSE 

6251
04:23:38,840 --> 04:23:41,160
IN TERMS OF PAIN INTERFERENCE 

6252
04:23:41,160 --> 04:23:44,480
HAVE ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT AFTER 

6253
04:23:44,480 --> 04:23:46,200
SURGERY AND SEE LOWER MOMENT OF 

6254
04:23:46,200 --> 04:23:49,600
-- ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER 

6255
04:23:49,600 --> 04:23:51,960
LIKELIHOOD OF IMPROVEMENT AND 

6256
04:23:51,960 --> 04:23:53,840
IMPACTING WHAT THAT IS IS SAME 

6257
04:23:53,840 --> 04:23:55,640
THING AS PERSON LEVEL AVERAGE 

6258
04:23:55,640 --> 04:23:58,440
FROM MOMENTARY EMA ASSESSMENTS 

6259
04:23:58,440 --> 04:24:01,000
OF CATASTROPHIZING AND 

6260
04:24:01,000 --> 04:24:04,800
HIGHLIGHTING THAT MOMENTARY 

6261
04:24:04,800 --> 04:24:06,280
CATASTROPHIZING REPORTS ASKING 

6262
04:24:06,280 --> 04:24:08,360
AND TAKING AVERAGE OF THAT AND 

6263
04:24:08,360 --> 04:24:11,000
DOESN'T HAVE A HUGE CORRELATION 

6264
04:24:11,000 --> 04:24:13,480
WITH SCORES ON PCS THAT DR. 

6265
04:24:13,480 --> 04:24:16,520
EDWARDS TALKED ABOUT TODAY 

6266
04:24:16,520 --> 04:24:18,720
SEEING THAT DISPOSITION AVERAGE 

6267
04:24:18,720 --> 04:24:21,800
MOMENTARY CATASTROPHIZING SCORES

6268
04:24:21,800 --> 04:24:24,720
THAT IS ADDING TO PREDICTIVE 

6269
04:24:24,720 --> 04:24:29,440
VALUE HERE AND EMA ASSESSMENT 

6270
04:24:29,440 --> 04:24:30,440
CATASTROPHIZING AND DIFFICULT TO

6271
04:24:30,440 --> 04:24:32,920
THINK ABOUT TIMES IN PAIN AND 

6272
04:24:32,920 --> 04:24:36,120
REPORT TYPICAL OR AVERAGE LEVEL 

6273
04:24:36,120 --> 04:24:39,480
TO TENDENCY TO CATASTROPHIZE AND

6274
04:24:39,480 --> 04:24:41,280
TAKING MOMENTS FROM REPORTS THEY

6275
04:24:41,280 --> 04:24:44,200
MIGHT BE ACCURATE AND STRONGER 

6276
04:24:44,200 --> 04:24:47,840
TENDENCY STEPS TO INCREASE PAIN 

6277
04:24:47,840 --> 04:24:51,240
ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER LEVEL OF 

6278
04:24:51,240 --> 04:24:52,680
IMPROVEMENT. 

6279
04:24:52,680 --> 04:24:55,480
MECHANICAL PAIN WE EXPECT THAT 

6280
04:24:55,480 --> 04:24:57,800
ACTIVITY EXACERBATES PAIN AND 

6281
04:24:57,800 --> 04:24:59,040
PROBLEM IN SPINE WALKING AROUND 

6282
04:24:59,040 --> 04:25:02,240
A LOT LIKELY TO INCREASE PAIN 

6283
04:25:02,240 --> 04:25:03,360
LEVELS SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF 

6284
04:25:03,360 --> 04:25:05,480
PATIENTS THAT IS NO THE CASE AND

6285
04:25:05,480 --> 04:25:08,920
PATIENTS MIGHT BE LIKELY TO HAVE

6286
04:25:08,920 --> 04:25:09,720
ADVERSE OUTCOMES FROM SPINE 

6287
04:25:09,720 --> 04:25:11,240
SURGERY AND ILLUSTRATING WHAT IT

6288
04:25:11,240 --> 04:25:14,120
LOOKS LIKE PAIN REPORTS IN GREEN

6289
04:25:14,120 --> 04:25:15,720
AND STEP COUNT IN BLACK AND 

6290
04:25:15,720 --> 04:25:19,000
FIRST INDIVIDUAL WE SEE LINES 

6291
04:25:19,000 --> 04:25:20,480
TRACKING WITH ONE ANOTHER STEP 

6292
04:25:20,480 --> 04:25:22,520
INCREASE PAIN INCREASES STEPS 

6293
04:25:22,520 --> 04:25:24,920
DECREASE PAIN DECREASES IN 

6294
04:25:24,920 --> 04:25:27,000
CONTRAST TO A SECOND PERSON WITH

6295
04:25:27,000 --> 04:25:28,920
BIG SPIKES IN STEP COUNT AND HAS

6296
04:25:28,920 --> 04:25:31,360
NO IMPACT ON PAIN REPORTS THAT 

6297
04:25:31,360 --> 04:25:33,960
IS NOT WHAT WE WOULD EXPECT IN 

6298
04:25:33,960 --> 04:25:35,640
SOMEBODY EXPERIENCING MECHANICAL

6299
04:25:35,640 --> 04:25:39,120
PAIN AND WOULD EXPECT ACTIVITY 

6300
04:25:39,120 --> 04:25:43,480
TO HAVE IMPACT ON PAIN AND 

6301
04:25:43,480 --> 04:25:46,440
STUDIES EARLIER RESULTS OF 

6302
04:25:46,440 --> 04:25:47,160
DEGENERATIVE -- HARD TO KNOW 

6303
04:25:47,160 --> 04:25:49,320
WHETHER PROBLEMS WE SEE ON 

6304
04:25:49,320 --> 04:25:51,000
IMAGES ARE CAUSE OF SOMEONE'S 

6305
04:25:51,000 --> 04:25:54,320
PAIN.  MANY PEOPLE WITH SIMILAR 

6306
04:25:54,320 --> 04:25:55,160
DEGENERATIVE IMAGE FINDINGS 

6307
04:25:55,160 --> 04:25:57,640
DON'T HAVE DEGENERATIVE PAIN AND

6308
04:25:57,640 --> 04:25:59,400
LOOKING AT IT RELATIONSHIP OF 

6309
04:25:59,400 --> 04:26:00,560
ACTIVITY AND PAIN MIGHT BE ONE 

6310
04:26:00,560 --> 04:26:01,760
WAY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 

6311
04:26:01,760 --> 04:26:03,960
CAUSING THE PAIN AND IF NOT 

6312
04:26:03,960 --> 04:26:06,440
CAUSING ACTIVITY BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL

6313
04:26:06,440 --> 04:26:07,960
FACTORS WE ARE TALKING ABOUT 

6314
04:26:07,960 --> 04:26:09,840
TODAY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR 

6315
04:26:09,840 --> 04:26:12,720
THIS WORK IS FIRST STEP WE NEED 

6316
04:26:12,720 --> 04:26:15,240
TO EXTERNALLY VALIDATE THIS IN 

6317
04:26:15,240 --> 04:26:16,720
LARGER DIVERSE SAMPLES 

6318
04:26:16,720 --> 04:26:18,080
INTERESTED IN EXAMINING 

6319
04:26:18,080 --> 04:26:19,600
PREDICTORS IN RESPONSE TO OTHER 

6320
04:26:19,600 --> 04:26:22,520
PREDICTIONS FOCUSING ON SPINE 

6321
04:26:22,520 --> 04:26:24,920
SURGERY AND DYNAMIC 

6322
04:26:24,920 --> 04:26:27,160
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PAIN AND 

6323
04:26:27,160 --> 04:26:28,560
CATASTROPHIZING ARE FOCUS OF 

6324
04:26:28,560 --> 04:26:31,360
THINGS LIKE COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL

6325
04:26:31,360 --> 04:26:33,280
THERAPY AND PREDICTORS OF 

6326
04:26:33,280 --> 04:26:34,480
OUTCOMES THERE AND GROUP IS 

6327
04:26:34,480 --> 04:26:36,440
INTERESTED IN DEVELOPING DATA 

6328
04:26:36,440 --> 04:26:40,000
DRIVEN METHODS FOR TREATMENT 

6329
04:26:40,000 --> 04:26:41,840
PERSONALIZATION AND HOPING 

6330
04:26:41,840 --> 04:26:45,960
HAVING DEEPER PHENOTYPES AND 

6331
04:26:45,960 --> 04:26:54,840
UNDERSTANDINGS OF MECHANISMS 

6332
04:26:54,840 --> 04:26:57,480
PERPETUATING PAIN. 

6333
04:26:57,480 --> 04:27:07,240
I THINK I WILL TAKE QUESTIONS. 

6334
04:27:07,240 --> 04:27:08,080
>>THANK YOU. 

6335
04:27:08,080 --> 04:27:12,240
>>WE HAVE TIME FOR A
COUPLE OF 

6336
04:27:12,240 --> 04:27:14,840
QUESTIONS IF ANYBODY HAS 

6337
04:27:14,840 --> 04:27:21,360
ANYTH

6338
04:27:21,360 --> 04:27:21,640
ANYTHING. 

6339
04:27:21,640 --> 04:27:22,280
>>I WILL ASK SOMETHING. 
THIS 

6340
04:27:22,280 --> 04:27:24,440
IS REALLY GOOD.  YOU START TODAY

6341
04:27:24,440 --> 04:27:26,200
ANSWER MY QUESTIONS BEFORE YOU 

6342
04:27:26,200 --> 04:27:28,480
FINISHED AND HUGE PROBLEM YOU 

6343
04:27:28,480 --> 04:27:29,480
LOOK AT SOMETHING PHYSICAL AND 

6344
04:27:29,480 --> 04:27:31,200
PEOPLE SAY THAT IS WHERE PAIN IS

6345
04:27:31,200 --> 04:27:32,440
AND WHEN YOU DON'T SEE SOMETHING

6346
04:27:32,440 --> 04:27:33,680
PHYSICAL YOU DON'T BELIEVE THAT 

6347
04:27:33,680 --> 04:27:35,320
PERSON IS IN PAIN AND TO BE ABLE

6348
04:27:35,320 --> 04:27:39,000
TO SORT IT OUT, I THINK IS 

6349
04:27:39,000 --> 04:27:41,360
REALLY GOOD GETTING PEOPLE THE 

6350
04:27:41,360 --> 04:27:43,600
RIGHT TREATMENT AND WONDERING 

6351
04:27:43,600 --> 04:27:44,960
STATISTICALLY IF YOU THINK ABOUT

6352
04:27:44,960 --> 04:27:46,800
ADDING OTHER FACTORS IN HERE AND

6353
04:27:46,800 --> 04:27:50,040
MAYBE USING AI TO GET A BIG AND 

6354
04:27:50,040 --> 04:27:51,920
COMPOSITE PICTURE SOME DAY. 

6355
04:27:51,920 --> 04:27:54,040
>>WE HAVE PLANS FOR THAT
AND 

6356
04:27:54,040 --> 04:27:54,960
COLLABORATOR IS INTERESTED IN 

6357
04:27:54,960 --> 04:27:56,720
THAT FOLKS FROM COMPUTER SCIENCE

6358
04:27:56,720 --> 04:27:58,840
WELL VERSED IN KIND OF 

6359
04:27:58,840 --> 04:28:00,240
MULTICLASS PREDICTION MODEL 

6360
04:28:00,240 --> 04:28:02,280
STUFF THAT IS ONE WAY THIS COULD

6361
04:28:02,280 --> 04:28:04,960
GO AND INCLUDING BIOMARKERS AND 

6362
04:28:04,960 --> 04:28:07,080
OTHER TYPES OF CENSORS THAT 

6363
04:28:07,080 --> 04:28:08,200
MIGHT BE USEFUL FOR 

6364
04:28:08,200 --> 04:28:08,640
UNDERSTANDING THAT. 

6365
04:28:08,640 --> 04:28:10,520
>>THANK R YOU.  IF NO 

6366
04:28:10,520 --> 04:28:10,800
QUESTIONS. 

6367
04:28:10,800 --> 04:28:13,760
THERE IS ONE.  THERE WE GO. 

6368
04:28:13,760 --> 04:28:16,200
>>HI, MADELYN.  VERY NICE
TALK.

6369
04:28:16,200 --> 04:28:20,400
I WAS WONDERING IF YOU HAVE 

6370
04:28:20,400 --> 04:28:22,000
CONSIDERED LOOKING AT THEIR 

6371
04:28:22,000 --> 04:28:24,240
IMPLEMENTARY STATUS OR CURRENT 

6372
04:28:24,240 --> 04:28:25,720
INFECTION RATE TO INCORPORATE IN

6373
04:28:25,720 --> 04:28:27,080
THE MODEL?  

6374
04:28:27,080 --> 04:28:28,920
>>GREAT QUESTION.  WE
WOULD 

6375
04:28:28,920 --> 04:28:32,120
LOVE TO AND IS DATA TO COBBLE 

6376
04:28:32,120 --> 04:28:33,520
TOGETHER FUNDING FOR IT DIDN'T 

6377
04:28:33,520 --> 04:28:35,920
HAVE MUCH FUNDING JACOB AND I 

6378
04:28:35,920 --> 04:28:39,080
ARE PRETTY JUNIOR AND IN FUTURE 

6379
04:28:39,080 --> 04:28:40,520
WE WOULD LOVE ABILITY TO COLLECT

6380
04:28:40,520 --> 04:28:42,640
THINGS LIKE BIOMARKERS AS WELL. 

6381
04:28:42,640 --> 04:28:43,240
>>ALL RIGHT. 

6382
04:28:43,240 --> 04:28:44,960
>>THANK YOU. 

6383
04:28:44,960 --> 04:28:47,280
>>THANK YOU!  

6384
04:28:47,280 --> 04:28:48,240
>>[APPLAUSE]. 

6385
04:28:48,240 --> 04:28:56,560
>>NEXT SPEAKER IS TAICHI
GOTO. 

6386
04:28:56,560 --> 04:28:58,520
GOOD JOB.  THAT IS GOOD STUFF.  

6387
04:28:58,520 --> 04:29:02,320
DID YOU GET NIH FUNDING FOR 

6388
04:29:02,320 --> 04:29:03,800
THIS?  

6389
04:29:03,800 --> 04:29:04,720
>>[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

6390
04:29:04,720 --> 04:29:11,320
>>>>GOOD
AFTERNOON, EVERYONE. 

6391
04:29:11,320 --> 04:29:13,800
THANK YOU FOR INVITING ME TO THE

6392
04:29:13,800 --> 04:29:14,760
GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENT 

6393
04:29:14,760 --> 04:29:17,560
RECENT WORK HERE AND I'M VERY 

6394
04:29:17,560 --> 04:29:22,000
EXCITED AND A LITTLE NERVOUS TO 

6395
04:29:22,000 --> 04:29:28,200
BE HERE .  LET'S GET STARTED.  

6396
04:29:28,200 --> 04:29:30,680
THIS IS DISCLAIMER AND TOPIC IS 

6397
04:29:30,680 --> 04:29:33,880
ABOUT NEGATIVE INFERENCE OF 

6398
04:29:33,880 --> 04:29:34,640
GENETIC MUTATION FOR BRAIN 

6399
04:29:34,640 --> 04:29:36,840
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND NEUROTROPIC 

6400
04:29:36,840 --> 04:29:38,960
FACTOR ON NEUROPATHIC PAIN 

6401
04:29:38,960 --> 04:29:44,880
SYMPTOM EXPERIENCED BY FEMALE 

6402
04:29:44,880 --> 04:29:45,320
CANCER SURVIVORS. 

6403
04:29:45,320 --> 04:29:47,520
SO, CANCER SURVIVORS CONTINUE 

6404
04:29:47,520 --> 04:29:51,440
TO REPORT BEHAVIORAL AND 

6405
04:29:51,440 --> 04:29:53,400
PHYSICAL TOXICITIES AND EVEN 

6406
04:29:53,400 --> 04:29:55,240
YEARS AFTER COMPLETING THEIR 

6407
04:29:55,240 --> 04:29:55,600
TREATMENT 

6408
04:29:55,600 --> 04:30:03,320
SOME OF THE TOXICITIES INCLUDE 

6409
04:30:03,320 --> 04:30:03,920
PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS 

6410
04:30:03,920 --> 04:30:07,080
KNOWN TO BE MANIFESTED AS 

6411
04:30:07,080 --> 04:30:10,280
SYMPTOM CLUSTER CONSISTING OF 

6412
04:30:10,280 --> 04:30:13,840
PAIN FATIGUE ANXIETY AND 

6413
04:30:13,840 --> 04:30:15,680
DEPRESSION AND SLEEP DISTURBANCE

6414
04:30:15,680 --> 04:30:18,080
AND SYSTEM CLUSTER CAN EFFECT 

6415
04:30:18,080 --> 04:30:22,200
THE PATIENTS LIFE HOWEVER 

6416
04:30:22,200 --> 04:30:24,800
UNDERLYING MECHANISM OF CLUSTERS

6417
04:30:24,800 --> 04:30:28,080
ARE STILL UNCLEAR AND WE HAVE 

6418
04:30:28,080 --> 04:30:32,720
BEEN FOCUSING ON -- WHICH HAS 

6419
04:30:32,720 --> 04:30:35,280
ROLES IN SURVIVAL AND 

6420
04:30:35,280 --> 04:30:38,200
DIFFERENTIATION OF NEURONS IN 

6421
04:30:38,200 --> 04:30:40,080
THE REGULATION OF SYNAPSIS. 

6422
04:30:40,080 --> 04:30:42,840
SOME STUDIES REPORTED THE 

6423
04:30:42,840 --> 04:30:45,440
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BDNF AND 

6424
04:30:45,440 --> 04:30:47,480
VARIOUS PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL 

6425
04:30:47,480 --> 04:30:50,240
SYMPTOMS INCLUDING DEPRESSION 

6426
04:30:50,240 --> 04:30:53,440
AND ANXIETY AND PAIN PERCEPTIONS

6427
04:30:53,440 --> 04:30:55,760
AND SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE 

6428
04:30:55,760 --> 04:30:57,880
[INDISCERNIBLE] THAT IS GENETIC 

6429
04:30:57,880 --> 04:31:01,800
MUTATION FOR BDNF THAT IS 

6430
04:31:01,800 --> 04:31:03,880
SUBSTITUTION OF [INDISCERNIBLE] 

6431
04:31:03,880 --> 04:31:07,200
EFFECTS THE SYMPTOM PHENOTYPES. 

6432
04:31:07,200 --> 04:31:10,360
AND IN OUR GROUP, WE ARE ALSO 

6433
04:31:10,360 --> 04:31:12,440
INVESTIGATING RELATIONSHIPS 

6434
04:31:12,440 --> 04:31:17,160
BETWEEN BDNF PHENOTYPES AND 

6435
04:31:17,160 --> 04:31:18,360
[INDISCERNIBLE] ESPECIALLY IN 

6436
04:31:18,360 --> 04:31:21,840
CANCER SURVIVORS AND REPORTED 

6437
04:31:21,840 --> 04:31:23,920
MALE ACTUALLY PROSTATE CANCER 

6438
04:31:23,920 --> 04:31:27,120
PATIENTS WITH BDNF MUTATION 

6439
04:31:27,120 --> 04:31:29,600
MIGHT HAVE PROACTIVE ADVANTAGE 

6440
04:31:29,600 --> 04:31:32,160
AGAINST CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE 

6441
04:31:32,160 --> 04:31:34,200
AND IN THIS STUDY WE WANT TO 

6442
04:31:34,200 --> 04:31:36,320
EXPAND KNOWLEDGE TO OTHER COHORT

6443
04:31:36,320 --> 04:31:39,080
LIKE FEMALE CANCER SURVIVORS AND

6444
04:31:39,080 --> 04:31:41,320
OTHER CANCER TYPES IN OTHER 

6445
04:31:41,320 --> 04:31:44,920
SYMPTOMS THAT ARE INCLUDING 

6446
04:31:44,920 --> 04:31:48,040
NEUROPATHIC PAIN SYMPTOMS. 

6447
04:31:48,040 --> 04:31:50,000
THEREFORE, OUR AIM IN STUDIES IS

6448
04:31:50,000 --> 04:31:54,440
TO EXAMINE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN 

6449
04:31:54,440 --> 04:31:56,960
PATIENT SYMPTOM CLUSTER GROUP 

6450
04:31:56,960 --> 04:31:59,680
AND BDNF POLYMORPHISM AND 

6451
04:31:59,680 --> 04:32:02,520
EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN 

6452
04:32:02,520 --> 04:32:05,840
NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND BDNF 

6453
04:32:05,840 --> 04:32:08,320
GENETIC MUTATION AND WE 

6454
04:32:08,320 --> 04:32:10,040
RECRUITED FEMALE CANCER 

6455
04:32:10,040 --> 04:32:13,160
SURVIVORS FINALLY ANALYZING 393 

6456
04:32:13,160 --> 04:32:17,400
FEMALE CANCER SURVIVORS AND 

6457
04:32:17,400 --> 04:32:18,880
COLLECTED THEIR SYMPTOM 

6458
04:32:18,880 --> 04:32:22,080
PHENOTYPE SCORES USING PROMISE 

6459
04:32:22,080 --> 04:32:25,240
FOR NEUROPATHIC PAIN FATIGUE AND

6460
04:32:25,240 --> 04:32:31,520
WE USED SF36 FOR PAIN SCORE AND 

6461
04:32:31,520 --> 04:32:33,840
WE COLLECTED BUKO WEB SAMPLES TO

6462
04:32:33,840 --> 04:32:37,680
ISOLATE THEIR DNA AND THOSE WERE

6463
04:32:37,680 --> 04:32:41,600
USED TO DETERMINE BDNF 

6464
04:32:41,600 --> 04:32:41,880
GENOTYPES. 

6465
04:32:41,880 --> 04:32:45,600
SO, FIRST OF ALL, WE TRIED TO 

6466
04:32:45,600 --> 04:32:46,680
IDENTIFY THE PATIENT CLUSTER 

6467
04:32:46,680 --> 04:32:50,400
GROUPS THAT ARE BASED ON SYMPTOM

6468
04:32:50,400 --> 04:32:50,960
PHENOTYPES. 

6469
04:32:50,960 --> 04:32:55,720
SO, THEY -- WE EMPLOY HIERARCHY 

6470
04:32:55,720 --> 04:32:57,480
FOR [INDISCERNIBLE] METHOD AND 

6471
04:32:57,480 --> 04:33:00,080
IDENTIFYING TWO CLUSTER GROUPS 

6472
04:33:00,080 --> 04:33:02,240
THAT ARE SEVERE SYMPTOM AND LESS

6473
04:33:02,240 --> 04:33:04,640
SEVERE SYMPTOM GROUPS. 

6474
04:33:04,640 --> 04:33:07,040
THIS CLUSTERING ANALYSIS WOULD 

6475
04:33:07,040 --> 04:33:10,040
BE PRESENCE OF THE 

6476
04:33:10,040 --> 04:33:11,960
PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM 

6477
04:33:11,960 --> 04:33:15,120
CLUSTER AND POD OF CANCER 

6478
04:33:15,120 --> 04:33:17,000
SURVIVORS EXPERIENCED MORE 

6479
04:33:17,000 --> 04:33:19,120
SEVERE SYMPTOM CLUSTER AND ALSO 

6480
04:33:19,120 --> 04:33:22,480
PART OF CANCER SURVIVORS 

6481
04:33:22,480 --> 04:33:25,920
EXPERIENCING SEVERE SYMPTOMS. 

6482
04:33:25,920 --> 04:33:30,680
WE ALSO ANALYZE THE GENOTYPE 

6483
04:33:30,680 --> 04:33:34,280
FREQUENCIES IN -- TO CLUSTER 

6484
04:33:34,280 --> 04:33:36,200
GROUPS THREE TYPES OF GENOTYPES 

6485
04:33:36,200 --> 04:33:40,920
AND THREE GENOTYPES LIKE WILD 

6486
04:33:40,920 --> 04:33:44,200
TYPE AND [INDISCERNIBLE] 

6487
04:33:44,200 --> 04:33:47,560
HETEROZYGOUS IN HOMOZYGOUS 

6488
04:33:47,560 --> 04:33:48,160
GENOTYPE. 

6489
04:33:48,160 --> 04:33:49,800
WE FOUND THE MORE SEVERE CLUSTER

6490
04:33:49,800 --> 04:33:53,440
GROUP THAT IS CLUSTER TO HAD 

6491
04:33:53,440 --> 04:33:54,680
MORE NUMBER OF [INDISCERNIBLE] 

6492
04:33:54,680 --> 04:33:56,840
GENOTYPE THAT IS MUTATED 

6493
04:33:56,840 --> 04:33:58,720
GENOTYPE AND WE FURTHER 

6494
04:33:58,720 --> 04:34:02,040
INVESTIGATE THE DETAILED 

6495
04:34:02,040 --> 04:34:04,080
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BDNF 

6496
04:34:04,080 --> 04:34:07,680
GENOTYPE IN EACH CLUSTER OR 

6497
04:34:07,680 --> 04:34:12,080
SYMPTOM AND THOSE WITH GENOTYPE 

6498
04:34:12,080 --> 04:34:18,240
HAD MORE SEVERE NEUROTIC  PATH 

6499
04:34:18,240 --> 04:34:24,640
IK /* /* -- NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND

6500
04:34:24,640 --> 04:34:26,600
-- CANCER STAGES AND RADIATION 

6501
04:34:26,600 --> 04:34:30,520
THERAPY EXPERIENCES WERE 

6502
04:34:30,520 --> 04:34:31,880
STATISTICALLY DIFFERENT ACROSS 

6503
04:34:31,880 --> 04:34:36,400
GENOTYPES AND CONDUCTED SUBGROUP

6504
04:34:36,400 --> 04:34:39,680
ANALYSIS ALSO WE CONFORMED 

6505
04:34:39,680 --> 04:34:43,080
CONSISTENT RESULT WITH MAIN 

6506
04:34:43,080 --> 04:34:44,080
RESULT. 

6507
04:34:44,080 --> 04:34:47,720
WHERE MED GENOTYPE HAD NEGATIVE 

6508
04:34:47,720 --> 04:34:49,840
INFERENCE ON NEUROPATHIC PAIN 

6509
04:34:49,840 --> 04:34:50,960
SCORE. 

6510
04:34:50,960 --> 04:34:54,760
FINALLY, WE CONDUCTED REGRESSION

6511
04:34:54,760 --> 04:34:56,160
ANALYSIS THAT IS USING 

6512
04:34:56,160 --> 04:34:58,760
REGRESSION MODEL AND FINAL MODEL

6513
04:34:58,760 --> 04:35:02,280
REVEALED THE NEGATIVE INFERENCE 

6514
04:35:02,280 --> 04:35:06,840
OF BDNF GENOTYPE ON NEUROPATHIC 

6515
04:35:06,840 --> 04:35:09,360
PAIN SCORE AND THEY HAD POSITIVE

6516
04:35:09,360 --> 04:35:15,240
9.3 COEFFICIENTS FOR NEUROPATHIC

6517
04:35:15,240 --> 04:35:16,120
PAIN SCORE. 

6518
04:35:16,120 --> 04:35:19,240
BECAUSE THE HIGHER SCORE MEANS 

6519
04:35:19,240 --> 04:35:24,880
THE WORST SYMPTOMS THAT IS WHY 

6520
04:35:24,880 --> 04:35:28,040
BDNF HAD INFERENCE ON 

6521
04:35:28,040 --> 04:35:30,600
NEUROPATHIC SYMPTOMS AND OTHER 

6522
04:35:30,600 --> 04:35:32,640
VARIABLES THAT ARE ASSOCIATED 

6523
04:35:32,640 --> 04:35:37,000
WITH NEUROPATHIC PAIN SCORE WERE

6524
04:35:37,000 --> 04:35:42,520
YEARS SINCE CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND

6525
04:35:42,520 --> 04:35:45,240
EDUCATION HISTORY AND THEY HAD 

6526
04:35:45,240 --> 04:35:48,680
NEGATIVE COEFFICIENTS MEANING 

6527
04:35:48,680 --> 04:35:51,000
THOSE WITH LONG TIME FROM CANCER

6528
04:35:51,000 --> 04:35:54,280
DIAGNOSIS AND THOSE WITH HIGHER 

6529
04:35:54,280 --> 04:35:58,400
EDUCATION HISTORY LIKE GRADUATE 

6530
04:35:58,400 --> 04:36:04,040
DEGREES EXPERIENCE A LESS SEVERE

6531
04:36:04,040 --> 04:36:05,640
NEUROPATHIC PAIN. 

6532
04:36:05,640 --> 04:36:10,040
WHAT IS POTENTIAL MECHANISMS FOR

6533
04:36:10,040 --> 04:36:15,840
THIS RELATIONSHIP. 

6534
04:36:15,840 --> 04:36:19,480
BASED ON PREVIOUS STUDIES BLOOD 

6535
04:36:19,480 --> 04:36:22,920
BDNF LEVEL IS MOST LIKELY TO BE 

6536
04:36:22,920 --> 04:36:27,320
KEY FACTAR FOR RELATIONSHIP AND 

6537
04:36:27,320 --> 04:36:31,640
STUDIES CAUSE CO-OCCURRENCE OF 

6538
04:36:31,640 --> 04:36:40,120
NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND THEY PRO 

6539
04:36:40,120 --> 04:36:40,440
MO

6540
04:36:40,440 --> 04:36:50,880
PROMOTE IN FEMALE CANCER 

6541
04:37:18,160 --> 04:37:20,520
SURVIVORS AND KNOWLEDGE THAT WE 

6542
04:37:20,520 --> 04:37:24,200
BELIEVE THAT KNOWLEDGE PROMPTS 

6543
04:37:24,200 --> 04:37:25,880
FURTHER INVESTIGATION FOR CLIENT

6544
04:37:25,880 --> 04:37:29,440
TRYING DETAILED MECHANISM LEVEL 

6545
04:37:29,440 --> 04:37:31,480
AND MECHANISM OF THE 

6546
04:37:31,480 --> 04:37:34,680
RELATIONSHIP THAT IS REQUIRING 

6547
04:37:34,680 --> 04:37:39,600
TO DEVELOP A NEW MORE EFFECT 

6548
04:37:39,600 --> 04:37:40,960
PREVENTIVE THERAPEUTIC 

6549
04:37:40,960 --> 04:37:43,240
STRATEGIES FOR ALLEVIATING THEIR

6550
04:37:43,240 --> 04:37:47,200
SYMPTOMS IN CANCER SURVIVORS. 

6551
04:37:47,200 --> 04:37:50,640
THAT IS FOR MY PRESENTATION 

6552
04:37:50,640 --> 04:37:53,280
TODAY THAT IS CLUB RESEARCH 

6553
04:37:53,280 --> 04:37:59,480
STUDY IN CLINICAL CENTER IN OHIO

6554
04:37:59,480 --> 04:38:02,080
STATE UNIVERSITY. 

6555
04:38:02,080 --> 04:38:06,960
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND 

6556
04:38:06,960 --> 04:38:07,680
ATTENTION. 

6557
04:38:07,680 --> 04:38:11,160
>>QUESTIONS FROM THE
AUDIENCE. 

6558
04:38:11,160 --> 04:38:13,960
GET ON UP.  

6559
04:38:13,960 --> 04:38:16,040
I HAVE A CROWD. 

6560
04:38:16,040 --> 04:38:17,880
>>DOES YOUR REGRESSION
MODEL 

6561
04:38:17,880 --> 04:38:21,560
ALLOW YOU TO QUANTIFY IMPACT OF 

6562
04:38:21,560 --> 04:38:25,680
THE BDNF MET PHENOTYPE. 

6563
04:38:25,680 --> 04:38:28,080
>>ACTUALLY, THANK YOU
VERY 

6564
04:38:28,080 --> 04:38:31,360
MUCH.  GOOD QUESTION.  BECAUSE 

6565
04:38:31,360 --> 04:38:33,880
WE USED MODEL THAT IS 

6566
04:38:33,880 --> 04:38:36,960
NONPARAMETRIC MODEL AND WE 

6567
04:38:36,960 --> 04:38:43,520
DIDN'T QUANTIFY IMPACT OF THE 

6568
04:38:43,520 --> 04:38:44,960
MET GENOTYPE IN THIS MODEL. 

6569
04:38:44,960 --> 04:38:50,040
>>HI.  I HAVE A
THREE-STEP 

6570
04:38:50,040 --> 04:38:51,320
QUESTION AND FIRST YOU CHOOSE 

6571
04:38:51,320 --> 04:38:52,760
THIS; RIGHT?  

6572
04:38:52,760 --> 04:38:54,600
FIRST, YOU PROBABLY CHOOSE THIS 

6573
04:38:54,600 --> 04:38:56,920
AND IT IS ALREADY KNOWN 

6574
04:38:56,920 --> 04:38:57,480
FUNCTIONAL SNIP. 

6575
04:38:57,480 --> 04:39:00,560
WHAT SNIP IS DOING. 

6576
04:39:00,560 --> 04:39:02,880
THERE ARE OTHER FUNCTIONAL SNIP 

6577
04:39:02,880 --> 04:39:05,280
IN BDNF AND DID YOU ANALYZE 

6578
04:39:05,280 --> 04:39:07,240
THOSE TWO OR NO THE?  

6579
04:39:07,240 --> 04:39:09,160
WHAT THEY -- WHAT THEY ARE DOING

6580
04:39:09,160 --> 04:39:12,920
AND ALSO I THINK THEY WOULD -- 

6581
04:39:12,920 --> 04:39:17,960
SO, WHAT ELSE IS KNOWN ABOUT 

6582
04:39:17,960 --> 04:39:19,440
SNIP AND PAID PHENOTYPES. 

6583
04:39:19,440 --> 04:39:23,200
>>THANK YOU FOR YOUR
QUESTION. 

6584
04:39:23,200 --> 04:39:26,760
THIS IS A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF 

6585
04:39:26,760 --> 04:39:28,200
SECOND LARGEST PARENT STUDY 

6586
04:39:28,200 --> 04:39:32,920
FOCUSING ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

6587
04:39:32,920 --> 04:39:35,120
BDNF PREMORPHISM AND 

6588
04:39:35,120 --> 04:39:36,560
QUANTITATIVE [INDISCERNIBLE] IN 

6589
04:39:36,560 --> 04:39:38,360
IMPAIRMENT IN CANCER SURVIVORS 

6590
04:39:38,360 --> 04:39:42,000
AND WHY WE CHOOSE THIS AND WE 

6591
04:39:42,000 --> 04:39:44,160
DON'T HAVE OTHER TYPE OF SNIP 

6592
04:39:44,160 --> 04:39:46,160
FOR BDNF, ACTUALLY. 

6593
04:39:46,160 --> 04:39:48,320
WHAT IS THIS QUESTION, AGAIN?  

6594
04:39:48,320 --> 04:39:50,360
>>WHAT SNIP IS DOING. 

6595
04:39:50,360 --> 04:39:51,840
>>THE SNIP?  

6596
04:39:51,840 --> 04:39:52,360
>>YEAH. 

6597
04:39:52,360 --> 04:39:53,040
>>SO. 

6598
04:39:53,040 --> 04:39:56,680
>>IN TERMS OF FUNCTIONAL 

6599
04:39:56,680 --> 04:39:58,440
CONSEQUENCE OF THIS MINOR 

6600
04:39:58,440 --> 04:39:58,840
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

6601
04:39:58,840 --> 04:40:01,440
>>YEAH.  SO, DETAILED
MECHANISM

6602
04:40:01,440 --> 04:40:04,400
IS STILL UNKNOWN OR 

6603
04:40:04,400 --> 04:40:04,720
UNDERSTUDIED. 

6604
04:40:04,720 --> 04:40:07,840
SOME STUDIES ALREADY REPORTED 

6605
04:40:07,840 --> 04:40:10,080
RELATIONSHIP THAT IS BETWEEN 

6606
04:40:10,080 --> 04:40:11,560
THIS SNIP AND COGNITIVE 

6607
04:40:11,560 --> 04:40:13,680
IMPAIRMENT, LIKE I SAID. 

6608
04:40:13,680 --> 04:40:18,040
IT IS ALSO LIKE AS INVOLVED 

6609
04:40:18,040 --> 04:40:19,320
WHERE MAJOR DEPRESSION SYMPTOM 

6610
04:40:19,320 --> 04:40:22,120
AND ANXIETY AND PAIN PERCEPTION.

6611
04:40:22,120 --> 04:40:25,040
>>OKAY.  THANK YOU. 

6612
04:40:25,040 --> 04:40:26,960
>>GREAT TALK.  YOU
COLLECTED A 

6613
04:40:26,960 --> 04:40:30,000
LOT OF THE SAMPLES FOR BLOOD; 

6614
04:40:30,000 --> 04:40:30,520
RIGHT?  

6615
04:40:30,520 --> 04:40:31,440
>>SORRY?  

6616
04:40:31,440 --> 04:40:32,120
>>THESE ARE BLOOD
COLLECTIONS 

6617
04:40:32,120 --> 04:40:32,400
SF HAD. 

6618
04:40:32,400 --> 04:40:32,920
>>WHY HE. 

6619
04:40:32,920 --> 04:40:37,520
>>DO YOU HAVE PLANS
LOOKING AT 

6620
04:40:37,520 --> 04:40:40,080
CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID AND CNF 

6621
04:40:40,080 --> 04:40:41,480
FOR CENTRAL MECHANISMS. 

6622
04:40:41,480 --> 04:40:42,280
>>GOOD POINT. 

6623
04:40:42,280 --> 04:40:44,920
>>WE DON'T HAVE SUCH
PLAN. 

6624
04:40:44,920 --> 04:40:46,560
>>THAT IS POINT THAT WE
IF NEED

6625
04:40:46,560 --> 04:40:49,480
TO CONSIDER AT THAT POINT IN THE

6626
04:40:49,480 --> 04:40:50,520
FUTURE.  THANK YOU. 

6627
04:40:50,520 --> 04:40:56,640
>>>>OKAY.  THANK
YOU.  WELL --

6628
04:40:56,640 --> 04:40:57,000
>>[APPLAUSE]. 

6629
04:40:57,000 --> 04:40:59,120
>>LAST SPEAKER OF THE
SESSION 

6630
04:40:59,120 --> 04:41:09,480
IS DR. TYLER NELSON. 

6631
04:41:11,360 --> 04:41:17,480
>>HELLO, EVERYONE. 

6632
04:41:17,480 --> 04:41:18,160
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PAYING 

6633
04:41:18,160 --> 04:41:19,840
RESEARCH CENTER GOING IN 

6634
04:41:19,840 --> 04:41:20,960
COMPLETELY DIFFERENT DIRECTION 

6635
04:41:20,960 --> 04:41:22,840
BASIC RESEARCH SCIENTIST AND UP 

6636
04:41:22,840 --> 04:41:24,400
TO THIS POINT NO ONE MENTIONED 

6637
04:41:24,400 --> 04:41:27,080
MOUSE THAT IS INCREDIBLE FOR A 

6638
04:41:27,080 --> 04:41:28,920
PAIN CONFERENCE AND PRIMARILY 

6639
04:41:28,920 --> 04:41:32,920
TALKING TODAY ABOUT UNCOVERING 

6640
04:41:32,920 --> 04:41:36,920
SPINAL TREATMENTS ON TOPIC OF 

6641
04:41:36,920 --> 04:41:39,120
NEUROPATHIC PAIN DESCRIBE 

6642
04:41:39,120 --> 04:41:40,800
BURNING TINGLING PINS AND 

6643
04:41:40,800 --> 04:41:44,240
NEEDLES AND SHOOTING PAIN THAT 

6644
04:41:44,240 --> 04:41:47,400
IS HIGHLY PREVALENT EFFECTING 7 

6645
04:41:47,400 --> 04:41:50,800
TO 10% OF GENERAL POPULATION AND

6646
04:41:50,800 --> 04:41:58,560
IT IS ANALGESIC DRUG WE 

6647
04:41:58,560 --> 04:42:01,760
HAVOIDOIDS DON'T WORK AND QUICK 

6648
04:42:01,760 --> 04:42:04,960
WILL I TO GIVE SINGLE BIOLOGY, 

6649
04:42:04,960 --> 04:42:10,160
LEER WE GO, I WILL PRIMARILY 

6650
04:42:10,160 --> 04:42:17,040
TALK ABOUT PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

6651
04:42:17,040 --> 04:42:20,280
FOLLOWING LESION DAMAGE TO NERVE

6652
04:42:20,280 --> 04:42:24,280
GAIN TO THIS NEURONS RESPONDING 

6653
04:42:24,280 --> 04:42:29,680
TO THAT TOUCH AND DON'T BE THIS 

6654
04:42:29,680 --> 04:42:31,880
IS FIRST SYNAPSE IN CENTRAL 

6655
04:42:31,880 --> 04:42:35,080
NERVOUS SYSTEM AND INVASION OF 

6656
04:42:35,080 --> 04:42:40,960
MICRO GLEEA AND STATE OF 

6657
04:42:40,960 --> 04:42:44,320
NEUROINFLAMMATION AND LOSS OF 

6658
04:42:44,320 --> 04:42:46,920
INHIBITION AND GAIN OF 

6659
04:42:46,920 --> 04:42:50,360
EXCITATION -- AND THIS DRIVES 

6660
04:42:50,360 --> 04:42:52,120
ALODINIA AND AS WELL AS KEY 

6661
04:42:52,120 --> 04:42:54,240
SYMPTOMS SEEN IN NEUROPATHIC 

6662
04:42:54,240 --> 04:43:00,040
PAIN PATIENTS LOOKING AT IT FROM

6663
04:43:00,040 --> 04:43:01,680
THERAPEUTIC PAIN PERSPECTIVE 

6664
04:43:01,680 --> 04:43:08,880
NEURONS IS ONE APPROACH 

6665
04:43:08,880 --> 04:43:12,160
TARGETING EXCITATORY NEURONS 

6666
04:43:12,160 --> 04:43:15,280
THAT IS LATERAL APPROACH AND AS 

6667
04:43:15,280 --> 04:43:19,240
OF 2020 WHEN PUBLISHED EVERY ONE

6668
04:43:19,240 --> 04:43:21,400
OF THESE REPRESENTS A DIFFERENT 

6669
04:43:21,400 --> 04:43:29,280
EXCITATORY NEUROPOPULATION IN --

6670
04:43:29,280 --> 04:43:32,040
NAMES ARE NOT THAT IMPORTANT AND

6671
04:43:32,040 --> 04:43:36,920
THIS IS NEUROONE RECEPTOR 

6672
04:43:36,920 --> 04:43:39,120
ANDSOME ATTO-STAN CONTINUE AND 

6673
04:43:39,120 --> 04:43:41,880
NEUROPOPULATIONS IMPLEMENTS IN 

6674
04:43:41,880 --> 04:43:46,400
MANIFESTATION OF ALODINIA AND 

6675
04:43:46,400 --> 04:43:48,720
NONE REPRESENT REGULAR FARMO 

6676
04:43:48,720 --> 04:43:50,040
THERAPEUTIC TARGETS CONVINCED TO

6677
04:43:50,040 --> 04:43:51,120
SHOW YOU ONE. 

6678
04:43:51,120 --> 04:43:53,920
THIS IS NOT SOMETHING THAT I 

6679
04:43:53,920 --> 04:43:56,640
FOUND ON MY OWN AND IS A WELL --

6680
04:43:56,640 --> 04:44:00,920
THERE IS 30 YEARS OF PRECLINICAL

6681
04:44:00,920 --> 04:44:04,120
RESEARCH IMPLICATING NPY LEVEL 

6682
04:44:04,120 --> 04:44:06,800
OF SPINAL CORD AS ANALGESIC 

6683
04:44:06,800 --> 04:44:08,080
RANGING FROM INFLAMMATORY TO 

6684
04:44:08,080 --> 04:44:10,640
BONE INDUCED CANCER PAIN AND 

6685
04:44:10,640 --> 04:44:12,920
MAIN REASON THIS IS THOUGHT TO 

6686
04:44:12,920 --> 04:44:17,600
OCCUR IS RECEPTORS GI COUPLED 

6687
04:44:17,600 --> 04:44:23,160
GPCR AND THINKING OF IT AS CANON

6688
04:44:23,160 --> 04:44:26,680
CAL -- YOU HAVE THIS GPCYR 

6689
04:44:26,680 --> 04:44:31,000
COMBINED TO THAT CAN ACTIVATE 

6690
04:44:31,000 --> 04:44:35,480
GATE AND RECTIFYING POTASSIUM 

6691
04:44:35,480 --> 04:44:37,960
CHANNELS AND TO REDUCE 

6692
04:44:37,960 --> 04:44:42,160
INTRACELLULAR CYCLIC AMP AND 

6693
04:44:42,160 --> 04:44:44,240
DAMPEN CENTRAL LATENT 

6694
04:44:44,240 --> 04:44:45,160
SENSETIESIZATION AND CHRONIC 

6695
04:44:45,160 --> 04:44:47,520
PAIN AND SOME OWN DATA TO SORT 

6696
04:44:47,520 --> 04:44:49,440
OF DEMONSTRATE WHY I THINK THIS 

6697
04:44:49,440 --> 04:44:52,160
IS A NICE FARMICO THERAPEUTIC 

6698
04:44:52,160 --> 04:44:55,800
TARGET IS ANIMALS MECHANICAL 

6699
04:44:55,800 --> 04:44:57,760
DRAW THRESHOLD THAT IS ELEMENTS 

6700
04:44:57,760 --> 04:45:01,760
THAT IS A MOUSE BEFORE INJURY 

6701
04:45:01,760 --> 04:45:04,040
AND FOLLOWING SPARE INJURY 

6702
04:45:04,040 --> 04:45:05,720
REDUCTION IN WITHDRAWAL 

6703
04:45:05,720 --> 04:45:10,160
THRESHOLD AND DOSE DEPENDENTLY 

6704
04:45:10,160 --> 04:45:12,880
INTRICK THEEJ CAL MANIPULATION 

6705
04:45:12,880 --> 04:45:14,800
TO ATTENUATE HYPERSENSITIVITY 

6706
04:45:14,800 --> 04:45:17,640
AND INDEED IS MPY1 SPECIFIC 

6707
04:45:17,640 --> 04:45:20,920
EFFECT THAT IF WE COADMINISTER 

6708
04:45:20,920 --> 04:45:24,480
503, 304Y1 SELECTIVE ANTAGONIST 

6709
04:45:24,480 --> 04:45:28,280
WE CAN ABOLISH ANAL GEEZIA THAT 

6710
04:45:28,280 --> 04:45:29,920
IS [INDISCERNIBLE] BY ANTAGONIST

6711
04:45:29,920 --> 04:45:32,560
AND COMPLEMENTARY APPROACH I 

6712
04:45:32,560 --> 04:45:35,080
USED A CELL TYPE MANIPULATION 

6713
04:45:35,080 --> 04:45:38,400
TECHNIQUE I HAVE USED NYP MOUSE 

6714
04:45:38,400 --> 04:45:40,720
AND FINALLY COULD ADMINISTER 

6715
04:45:40,720 --> 04:45:44,880
VIRUS THAT IS PREDEPENDENT AND 

6716
04:45:44,880 --> 04:45:49,960
PUT INHIBITORY GPCR -- I DO THIS

6717
04:45:49,960 --> 04:45:56,920
ON ONE SIDE AND ECHLTHS FOR 

6718
04:45:56,920 --> 04:45:59,200
IPSILATERAL AND WHAT THIS ALLOWS

6719
04:45:59,200 --> 04:46:03,560
IS I CAN TRANCE FEKT Y1 

6720
04:46:03,560 --> 04:46:08,000
INTERNEURONS SHOWN IN RED. 

6721
04:46:08,000 --> 04:46:10,920
A WELL-DOCUMENTED PAIN DRIVING 

6722
04:46:10,920 --> 04:46:14,640
REGION AND I CAN NOW INHIBIT 

6723
04:46:14,640 --> 04:46:19,080
NEURONS BY GIVING THIS LYINGAND 

6724
04:46:19,080 --> 04:46:23,560
CLOZO PEEN AN OXIDE THAT IS ON 

6725
04:46:23,560 --> 04:46:24,720
RECEPTOR EXPRESSED IN CELLS AND 

6726
04:46:24,720 --> 04:46:27,280
WHEN I DO THIS AMAZINGLY IF YOU 

6727
04:46:27,280 --> 04:46:29,240
INHIBIT NEURONS BEFORE AN INJURY

6728
04:46:29,240 --> 04:46:31,560
THERE IS NO CHANGE IN MECHANICAL

6729
04:46:31,560 --> 04:46:34,800
DRAW THRESHOLDS FOLLOWING INJURY

6730
04:46:34,800 --> 04:46:37,320
CONTROL GROUP YOU SEE ROBUST 

6731
04:46:37,320 --> 04:46:39,840
MECHANICAL HYPERSENSITIVITY AND 

6732
04:46:39,840 --> 04:46:42,560
RESPONDING TO THESE NEURONS 

6733
04:46:42,560 --> 04:46:44,800
ATTENUATE HYPERINDUCED 

6734
04:46:44,800 --> 04:46:45,800
HYPERSENSITIVITY AND THIS 

6735
04:46:45,800 --> 04:46:48,440
APPROACH I WANTED TO SEE IF 

6736
04:46:48,440 --> 04:46:50,920
ACTIVATION OF NEURONS IN NAÏVE 

6737
04:46:50,920 --> 04:46:55,680
UNINJURED MOUSE SUFFICIENT TO 

6738
04:46:55,680 --> 04:46:56,920
PRODUCE PAINLIKE BEHAVIOR AND 

6739
04:46:56,920 --> 04:46:58,680
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH AND GIVING

6740
04:46:58,680 --> 04:47:00,520
DESIGNER RECEPTOR THAT IS 

6741
04:47:00,520 --> 04:47:03,600
EXCITATORY AND GIVING CNO I 

6742
04:47:03,600 --> 04:47:05,600
ACTIVATE THESE INTERNEURONS AND 

6743
04:47:05,600 --> 04:47:09,240
DID THIS AND 30 MINUTES LATER 

6744
04:47:09,240 --> 04:47:11,040
INDIVIDUALODE BEHAVIOR AND VIDEO

6745
04:47:11,040 --> 04:47:15,280
IS WORTH 1,000 WORDS IF IT 

6746
04:47:15,280 --> 04:47:18,840
PLAYS. 

6747
04:47:18,840 --> 04:47:25,560
ONE SECOND.  

6748
04:47:25,560 --> 04:47:31,400
IT IS PLAYING. 

6749
04:47:31,400 --> 04:47:33,720
I WILL REPLAY IT.  YOU MISSED 

6750
04:47:33,720 --> 04:47:35,600
THE FIRST HALF.  SORRY ABOUT 

6751
04:47:35,600 --> 04:47:36,880
THAT.  

6752
04:47:36,880 --> 04:47:38,400
SO, THIS IS MY CONTROL GROUP AND

6753
04:47:38,400 --> 04:47:40,720
YOU CAN SEE THE MOUSE THAT IS 

6754
04:47:40,720 --> 04:47:41,920
WALKING AROUND AND NEURONS ARE 

6755
04:47:41,920 --> 04:47:44,400
NOT ACTIVE.  THIS IS A MOUSE 

6756
04:47:44,400 --> 04:47:46,520
THAT IS EXPLORING AN OPEN FIELD 

6757
04:47:46,520 --> 04:47:48,720
BOX.  HOWEVER, IN THIS GROUP, IT

6758
04:47:48,720 --> 04:47:51,040
THIS IS THE EXCITATORY RECEPTOR 

6759
04:47:51,040 --> 04:47:53,600
AND GIVING AGONIST I ACTIVATED 

6760
04:47:53,600 --> 04:47:55,120
NEURONS AND SEEING ROBUST 

6761
04:47:55,120 --> 04:47:56,680
ATTENTION S TO THE LEFT WILL EGG

6762
04:47:56,680 --> 04:47:58,960
THAT IS EXTREMELY HYPERTENSETIVE

6763
04:47:58,960 --> 04:48:00,720
THERE IS FLAPPING AND LICKING 

6764
04:48:00,720 --> 04:48:02,960
AND LIFTING AND THEY DON'T WANT 

6765
04:48:02,960 --> 04:48:04,840
TO PUT THIS DOWN AND NEURONS ON 

6766
04:48:04,840 --> 04:48:09,200
ONE SIDE OF THE LUMBAR DORSAL 

6767
04:48:09,200 --> 04:48:11,120
HORN.  AND IF I QUANTIFY THIS, 

6768
04:48:11,120 --> 04:48:14,680
IT IS ABUNDANTLY OBVIOUS THIS IS

6769
04:48:14,680 --> 04:48:17,480
A Y1 ACTIVATION CNO INDUCED 

6770
04:48:17,480 --> 04:48:19,800
EFFECT AND I WOULD LIKE TO TALK 

6771
04:48:19,800 --> 04:48:21,480
QUICKLY.  THIS IS A MORE BROAD 

6772
04:48:21,480 --> 04:48:23,120
AUDIENCE ABOUT WHERE WE ARE 

6773
04:48:23,120 --> 04:48:25,360
TAKING THIS PROJECT AND HOPE I 

6774
04:48:25,360 --> 04:48:28,040
CONVINCED YOU NEURONS SEEM TO BE

6775
04:48:28,040 --> 04:48:29,600
NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT FOR 

6776
04:48:29,600 --> 04:48:30,680
NEUROPATHIC PAIN BEHAVIOR AND 

6777
04:48:30,680 --> 04:48:32,280
WITH THAT WE WOULD LIKE TO BRING

6778
04:48:32,280 --> 04:48:34,440
IT THIS TO A CLINICAL ENDPOINT 

6779
04:48:34,440 --> 04:48:39,880
AND WE ARE UNFORTUNATELY FACING 

6780
04:48:39,880 --> 04:48:40,920
PRECLINICAL TRANSLATION CRISIS 

6781
04:48:40,920 --> 04:48:42,960
AND DRUGS FAIL COMING IF FROM 

6782
04:48:42,960 --> 04:48:45,000
RODENT RESEARCH AND MICE ARE NOT

6783
04:48:45,000 --> 04:48:47,280
LITTLE PEOPLE AND FIRST THING TO

6784
04:48:47,280 --> 04:48:49,000
LOOK AT SPINAL NEURON POPULATION

6785
04:48:49,000 --> 04:48:52,080
AND THESE NEURONS EXPRESSED IN 

6786
04:48:52,080 --> 04:48:54,000
HIGH-ORDER SPECIES AND WHAT IS 

6787
04:48:54,000 --> 04:48:56,240
FLOUR ESSENCE IN C2 

6788
04:48:56,240 --> 04:48:58,640
HYBRIDIZATION AND CONSERVATION 

6789
04:48:58,640 --> 04:49:02,560
OF SPINAL CORD DORSAL NEURONS 

6790
04:49:02,560 --> 04:49:04,480
ACROSS MOUSE PIG AND ADULT HUMAN

6791
04:49:04,480 --> 04:49:07,680
SPINAL CORD DONORS AND ORANGE IS

6792
04:49:07,680 --> 04:49:11,280
ADULT PIGMENT LIPOFUSION AND IS 

6793
04:49:11,280 --> 04:49:14,040
ZOOMED IN IF CURIOUS WHY THAT 

6794
04:49:14,040 --> 04:49:15,480
LOOKS DIFFERENT AND EXCITING 

6795
04:49:15,480 --> 04:49:17,520
APPROACH WHERE WE ARE TAKING 

6796
04:49:17,520 --> 04:49:20,600
THIS IS INTERNASAL 

6797
04:49:20,600 --> 04:49:23,360
ADMINISTRATION OF MPY 

6798
04:49:23,360 --> 04:49:26,280
NON-INVASIVE APPROACH TESTED IN 

6799
04:49:26,280 --> 04:49:28,920
LAST THREE YEARS. 

6800
04:49:28,920 --> 04:49:33,240
FOR FIRST TIME, I TESTED 

6801
04:49:33,240 --> 04:49:35,440
INTRANASAL MPY POSSIBLE APPROACH

6802
04:49:35,440 --> 04:49:37,400
TO TREAT PAIN AND ABUNDANT 

6803
04:49:37,400 --> 04:49:40,600
SURPRISE I FOUND ROBUST 

6804
04:49:40,600 --> 04:49:42,360
ATTENUATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVE 

6805
04:49:42,360 --> 04:49:44,720
INJURY INDUCED NEURAL PAIN AND 

6806
04:49:44,720 --> 04:49:46,720
AROUND TIME I COLLECTED THIS 

6807
04:49:46,720 --> 04:49:48,800
DATA AND LABORATORY EXPERT IN 

6808
04:49:48,800 --> 04:49:50,760
FORCING MODEL OF NEUROPATHIC 

6809
04:49:50,760 --> 04:49:53,560
PAIN AND HER AND I TOGETHER 

6810
04:49:53,560 --> 04:49:56,920
ENTERED LAST YEAR VIRGINIA PAIN 

6811
04:49:56,920 --> 04:50:00,480
RESEARCH CHALLENGE THAT IS 

6812
04:50:00,480 --> 04:50:02,960
NON-INVASIVE APPROACH TO TRAIN 

6813
04:50:02,960 --> 04:50:04,360
NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND WE WON AND 

6814
04:50:04,360 --> 04:50:06,440
THIS IS DATA HOT OFF THE PRESS 

6815
04:50:06,440 --> 04:50:08,840
AND WE MOVED MOUSE RESEARCH AND 

6816
04:50:08,840 --> 04:50:11,080
TESTED FIRST LARGE ANIMAL MODEL 

6817
04:50:11,080 --> 04:50:15,720
FINDING COMPLETE ATTENUATION OF 

6818
04:50:15,720 --> 04:50:18,600
PERIPHERAL INJURY -- NPY IN PIG 

6819
04:50:18,600 --> 04:50:29,160
MODEL OF PAIN.  LASTLY, SIDE A 

6820
04:50:48,480 --> 04:50:54,240
-- SHE UTILIZED CRYSTAL 

6821
04:50:54,240 --> 04:50:56,720
STRUCTURES AND SCREEN HALF A 

6822
04:50:56,720 --> 04:50:59,160
BILLION COMPOUNDS AND SMALL 

6823
04:50:59,160 --> 04:51:01,480
MOLECULE TARGETS I SUBMITTED 

6824
04:51:01,480 --> 04:51:04,920
RECENTLY IN STTR TO MOVE TO IN 

6825
04:51:04,920 --> 04:51:08,920
VITRO AND IN VIVO TESTING INTO 

6826
04:51:08,920 --> 04:51:11,040
PIG MODELS FIRST SMALL MOLECULE 

6827
04:51:11,040 --> 04:51:14,360
OF MPY AGONIST AND WOULD LIKE TO

6828
04:51:14,360 --> 04:51:18,320
LEAVE YOU MPY1 EXPRESSING 

6829
04:51:18,320 --> 04:51:20,080
NEURONS BECOME HYPEREXCITABLE IN

6830
04:51:20,080 --> 04:51:22,480
PAIN STATES AND PHARMACOLOGICAL 

6831
04:51:22,480 --> 04:51:24,480
AND CELL TYPE INHIBITION OF THEM

6832
04:51:24,480 --> 04:51:27,520
LEADS TO NO PAIN AND I HAVE SO 

6833
04:51:27,520 --> 04:51:28,840
MANY DIFFERENT PEOPLE TO THANK 

6834
04:51:28,840 --> 04:51:30,640
AND SEVERAL NIH FUNDING SOURCES 

6835
04:51:30,640 --> 04:51:32,760
I WOULD LIKE TO THANK CONSORTIUM

6836
04:51:32,760 --> 04:51:34,840
AND WITH THAT I WILL BE HAPPY TO

6837
04:51:34,840 --> 04:51:45,400
TAKE ANY QUESTIONS.  THANK YOU. 

6838
04:51:45,800 --> 04:51:46,520
>>HI.  GREAT TALK. 

6839
04:51:46,520 --> 04:51:47,120
>>THANK YOU. 

6840
04:51:47,120 --> 04:51:49,200
>>I WANTED TO KNOW IF YOU
HAVE 

6841
04:51:49,200 --> 04:51:51,480
DONE ANY CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION 

6842
04:51:51,480 --> 04:51:53,480
OF MPY SMALL PEPTIDE. 

6843
04:51:53,480 --> 04:51:56,920
>>WE HAVE -- I HAVE SORT
OF TWO

6844
04:51:56,920 --> 04:51:58,000
ANSWERS. 

6845
04:51:58,000 --> 04:52:02,200
THERE IS A GROUP IN BEN OES 

6846
04:52:02,200 --> 04:52:04,520
ARIES ABLE TO PUT KAJ ET TERS IN

6847
04:52:04,520 --> 04:52:06,280
AND DIDN'T THERE IS NOT 

6848
04:52:06,280 --> 04:52:07,960
CONTINUOUS ADMINISTRATION BUT IS

6849
04:52:07,960 --> 04:52:09,440
REPEATED OVER TIME AND SIMILARLY

6850
04:52:09,440 --> 04:52:11,400
THERE IS REVIEWER REQUESTS FOR A

6851
04:52:11,400 --> 04:52:14,280
LOT OF PAPER THAT I PRESENTED 

6852
04:52:14,280 --> 04:52:18,080
TODAY AND WENT TO 100 DAYS POST 

6853
04:52:18,080 --> 04:52:20,640
NEURTIVE ENERGY TO ADMINISTER 

6854
04:52:20,640 --> 04:52:22,200
COMPOUND AND DIDN'T SEEM TO LOSE

6855
04:52:22,200 --> 04:52:24,200
EFFICACY LIKE YOU DO WITH 

6856
04:52:24,200 --> 04:52:26,360
OPIOIDS AND HOWEVER I HAVEN'T 

6857
04:52:26,360 --> 04:52:30,080
TESTED LIKE IF THIS WAS IN 

6858
04:52:30,080 --> 04:52:40,520
CHRONIC INFUSION STATE.  

6859
04:53:04,160 --> 04:53:06,520
USING TECHNIQUE CALLED 

6860
04:53:06,520 --> 04:53:08,120
CANNULATIONS TO TARGET TUBE TO 

6861
04:53:08,120 --> 04:53:13,400
DIFFERENT BRAIN REGIONS INFUSING

6862
04:53:13,400 --> 04:53:16,200
AGONIST AT [INDISCERNIBLE] 

6863
04:53:16,200 --> 04:53:19,640
PERIRAKIAL NUCLEUS AND GET SAME 

6864
04:53:19,640 --> 04:53:25,280
EFFECTS WANTING TO ADD 

6865
04:53:25,280 --> 04:53:26,880
FLUORESCENT TAG TO MOLECULE AND 

6866
04:53:26,880 --> 04:53:30,800
SEE WHAT CELLS ARE UPTAKING THIS

6867
04:53:30,800 --> 04:53:32,880
AND MY HYPOTHESIS NOT REACHING 

6868
04:53:32,880 --> 04:53:34,760
DORSAL HORN THAT IS IF IN ONE OF

6869
04:53:34,760 --> 04:53:36,920
THE THREE REGIONS SGR THAT 

6870
04:53:36,920 --> 04:53:40,200
ANSWERED MY QUESTION THAT IS 

6871
04:53:40,200 --> 04:53:44,760
BIODISTRIBUTION OF INTRANASAL 

6872
04:53:44,760 --> 04:53:45,560
MPY.  GOOD JOB. 

6873
04:53:45,560 --> 04:53:48,960
>>HI.  MPY DOES A LOT OF
THINGS

6874
04:53:48,960 --> 04:53:51,880
AND ONE THING THAT YOU KNOW 

6875
04:53:51,880 --> 04:53:53,880
THERE HAS BEEN INTEREST AND OFF 

6876
04:53:53,880 --> 04:53:57,000
AND ON AND MPY RECEPTORS AND 

6877
04:53:57,000 --> 04:53:58,280
ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND BELIEVE

6878
04:53:58,280 --> 04:54:02,040
IT IS TIED TO SOME ASPECTS OF 

6879
04:54:02,040 --> 04:54:03,640
ANXIETY AND NEGATIVE AFFECT AND 

6880
04:54:03,640 --> 04:54:06,400
SO FORTH THAT WE KNOW IS ALSO 

6881
04:54:06,400 --> 04:54:07,800
INTERSECTING WITH PAIN 

6882
04:54:07,800 --> 04:54:08,080
CONDITION. 

6883
04:54:08,080 --> 04:54:10,920
IS THERE INTEREST OR PLANS TO 

6884
04:54:10,920 --> 04:54:12,920
LOOK AT THAT DIMENSION OF PAIN 

6885
04:54:12,920 --> 04:54:15,080
AND NEGATIVE EFFECT OF ASPECT OF

6886
04:54:15,080 --> 04:54:19,520
PAIN AS IT RELATES TO MPY1 

6887
04:54:19,520 --> 04:54:19,960
AGONIST?  

6888
04:54:19,960 --> 04:54:21,240
>>100%. 

6889
04:54:21,240 --> 04:54:23,920
>>IT DOES A LOT OF THINGS
AND 

6890
04:54:23,920 --> 04:54:27,960
ONE WORRY HAS ALWAYS BEEN MPY 

6891
04:54:27,960 --> 04:54:31,880
VASO CONSTRIKTIVE PROPERTY THAT 

6892
04:54:31,880 --> 04:54:33,880
INCREASES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND 

6893
04:54:33,880 --> 04:54:37,080
SURPRISED BY CLINICAL DATA 

6894
04:54:37,080 --> 04:54:38,200
INTRANASALLY ADMINISTERING TO 

6895
04:54:38,200 --> 04:54:40,920
THIS AND AMAZING CLINICAL TRIAL 

6896
04:54:40,920 --> 04:54:44,080
THAT YOU READ AND MOST ADVERSE 

6897
04:54:44,080 --> 04:54:46,200
EFFECTS THAT ARE REPORTED IN 

6898
04:54:46,200 --> 04:54:49,960
PLACEBO NOT MPY GROUP THAT IS 

6899
04:54:49,960 --> 04:54:52,200
WELL-TAKEN AND DOING THIS WORK 

6900
04:54:52,200 --> 04:54:53,840
CONTINUOUS BLOOD PRESSURE CUFF 

6901
04:54:53,840 --> 04:54:55,600
DIDN'T CHANGE BLOOD PRESSURE AND

6902
04:54:55,600 --> 04:54:57,560
THINKING IT IS MORE SAFE THAN I 

6903
04:54:57,560 --> 04:54:59,520
WAS EXPECTING IN THAT REGARD AND

6904
04:54:59,520 --> 04:55:02,760
I WOULD LOVE TO SEE IT MOVING TO

6905
04:55:02,760 --> 04:55:04,920
HUMANS WITH PATIENT REPORT 

6906
04:55:04,920 --> 04:55:06,200
OUTCOMES EXPECTING THEY WILL EAT

6907
04:55:06,200 --> 04:55:10,320
BETTER THAT IS A POTENT 

6908
04:55:10,320 --> 04:55:11,400
HYPERFAITHIC COMPOUND AND WE 

6909
04:55:11,400 --> 04:55:13,320
SHOULD FIX EATING AND SHOULD 

6910
04:55:13,320 --> 04:55:15,160
RELIEVE ANXIETY DEPRESSION AND 

6911
04:55:15,160 --> 04:55:18,000
SEEMS LIKE A WONDER DRUG.  YOU 

6912
04:55:18,000 --> 04:55:19,600
MIGHT GAIN WEIGHT. 

6913
04:55:19,600 --> 04:55:24,560
YEAH.  THAT IS WHY WE ARE VERY 

6914
04:55:24,560 --> 04:55:24,840
EXCITED. 

6915
04:55:24,840 --> 04:55:27,360
>>YEAH.  A WONDER DRUG,
HUH?  

6916
04:55:27,360 --> 04:55:27,840
>>YEAH. 

6917
04:55:27,840 --> 04:55:30,920
>>I GUESS IF IT IS
ALREADY USED

6918
04:55:30,920 --> 04:55:32,760
CLINICALLY IN ALL THESE PLACES 

6919
04:55:32,760 --> 04:55:35,040
HAVE THERE BEEN ANY REPORTS THAT

6920
04:55:35,040 --> 04:55:37,240
IT IS REDUCING PAIN LIKE. 

6921
04:55:37,240 --> 04:55:39,640
>>IT NEVER HAS BEEN
TESTED IN A

6922
04:55:39,640 --> 04:55:42,160
PAIN SETTING BEYOND PRECLINICAL.

6923
04:55:42,160 --> 04:55:44,920
TO OUR KNOWLEDGE I THINK IS THE 

6924
04:55:44,920 --> 04:55:46,680
LARGEST MODEL IT HAS EVER BEEN. 

6925
04:55:46,680 --> 04:55:49,840
>>RIGHT.  ARE THERE ANY
MOTOR 

6926
04:55:49,840 --> 04:55:51,000
EFFECTS?  

6927
04:55:51,000 --> 04:55:51,720
>>NO. 

6928
04:55:51,720 --> 04:55:52,520
>>NO.  

6929
04:55:52,520 --> 04:55:55,640
>>AT EXTREMELY HIGH
DOSES, YES.

6930
04:55:55,640 --> 04:55:58,840
NOTHING LIKE PAIN RELIEVING DOES

6931
04:55:58,840 --> 04:56:01,280
AND DOING ACCELERATING ROTE OE 

6932
04:56:01,280 --> 04:56:03,680
ROD WHEEL THAT IS FASTER AND 

6933
04:56:03,680 --> 04:56:05,720
FASTER AND STILL PERFORMS 

6934
04:56:05,720 --> 04:56:07,800
EQUALLY AS WELL TO PLACEBO 

6935
04:56:07,800 --> 04:56:08,040
GROUP. 

6936
04:56:08,040 --> 04:56:12,800
>>OKAY.  THANK YOU,
TYLER. 

6937
04:56:12,800 --> 04:56:25,040
>>THANK YOU. 

6938
04:56:25,040 --> 04:56:29,120
>>THAT PROMOTE
RESILIENCE, GOAL

6939
04:56:29,120 --> 04:56:30,280
DIRECTED BEHAVIOR AND POSITIVE 

6940
04:56:30,280 --> 04:56:34,320
HEALTH IN ADULTS.  IN AREA OF 

6941
04:56:34,320 --> 04:56:35,840
RESILIENCE AND PAIN HAS BEEN 

6942
04:56:35,840 --> 04:56:40,600
SUPPORTED BY GRANTS FROM 

6943
04:56:40,600 --> 04:56:41,520
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH 

6944
04:56:41,520 --> 04:56:43,720
CALLED [INDISCERNIBLE] 

6945
04:56:43,720 --> 04:56:45,880
EDEPENDENT CENTER AND 

6946
04:56:45,880 --> 04:56:50,400
COLLABORATIVE NETWORK.  I 

6947
04:56:50,400 --> 04:57:00,840
WELCOME, INNA. 

6948
04:57:00,840 --> 04:57:05,040
>>THANK YOU FOR THE KIND 

6949
04:57:05,040 --> 04:57:05,480
INTRODUCTION. 

6950
04:57:05,480 --> 04:57:11,040
AS DR. BELFER MENTIONED I'M AT 

6951
04:57:11,040 --> 04:57:14,360
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA AND MUCH 

6952
04:57:14,360 --> 04:57:15,760
RESEARCH FOCUSES ON 

6953
04:57:15,760 --> 04:57:17,520
UNDERSTANDING WHAT RESILIENCE IS

6954
04:57:17,520 --> 04:57:19,720
AND TRYING TO DEVELOP 

6955
04:57:19,720 --> 04:57:21,200
INTERVENTIONS CAPITALIZING ON 

6956
04:57:21,200 --> 04:57:24,240
PATIENT STRENGTHS TO BOLSTER A 

6957
04:57:24,240 --> 04:57:25,600
RESILIENT PROFILE AND FIRST WANT

6958
04:57:25,600 --> 04:57:27,280
TO START OFF BY SAYING THANK YOU

6959
04:57:27,280 --> 04:57:30,200
TO THE NIH PAIN CONSORTIUM AND 

6960
04:57:30,200 --> 04:57:31,920
ORGANIZERS FOR ALLOWING ME TO 

6961
04:57:31,920 --> 04:57:33,440
SPEAK TODAY. 

6962
04:57:33,440 --> 04:57:36,280
THIS IS AN INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT 

6963
04:57:36,280 --> 04:57:38,880
TOPIC AND ONE THAT IS VERY NEAR 

6964
04:57:38,880 --> 04:57:40,840
AND DEAR TO MY HEART AND I'M 

6965
04:57:40,840 --> 04:57:43,040
VERY EXCITED AND HONORED TO BE 

6966
04:57:43,040 --> 04:57:45,840
HERE TODAY TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT 

6967
04:57:45,840 --> 04:57:49,960
RESILIENCE FROM A SYSTEMS 

6968
04:57:49,960 --> 04:58:00,200
PERSPECTIVE. 

6969
04:58:02,440 --> 04:58:09,440
>>HM?  

6970
04:58:09,440 --> 04:58:09,880
OKAY.  

6971
04:58:09,880 --> 04:58:12,640
NOW THAT I HAVE FIGURED THAT 

6972
04:58:12,640 --> 04:58:14,360
OUT, HERE ARE MY DISCLOSURES AND

6973
04:58:14,360 --> 04:58:16,120
MY OBJECTIVES TODAY ARE THREE 

6974
04:58:16,120 --> 04:58:18,680
FOLD.  FIRST OF ALL, I WANT TO 

6975
04:58:18,680 --> 04:58:21,880
CHALLENGE EACH OF US TO THINK 

6976
04:58:21,880 --> 04:58:23,400
ABOUT REALLY WHAT RESILIENCE IS 

6977
04:58:23,400 --> 04:58:27,000
AND TAKE A HARD LOOK AT THE 

6978
04:58:27,000 --> 04:58:28,040
DEFINITION.  THERE IS 

6979
04:58:28,040 --> 04:58:30,800
CONSIDERABLE CONCEPTUAL 

6980
04:58:30,800 --> 04:58:31,840
AMBIGUITY ABOUT WHAT RESILIENCE 

6981
04:58:31,840 --> 04:58:33,560
IS AND HOW WE MEASURE IT AND 

6982
04:58:33,560 --> 04:58:36,480
SPECIFIC OUTCOMES THAT ENCOMPASS

6983
04:58:36,480 --> 04:58:38,400
RESILIENCE THAT ULTIMATELY 

6984
04:58:38,400 --> 04:58:40,560
IMPACTS ITS CLINICAL RELEVANCE. 

6985
04:58:40,560 --> 04:58:43,080
WHAT MAKES IT SO COMPLEX IS 

6986
04:58:43,080 --> 04:58:45,520
RESILIENCE IS MULTI-FACETED 

6987
04:58:45,520 --> 04:58:49,600
SPANNING ACROSS MULTIPLE SYSTEMS

6988
04:58:49,600 --> 04:58:52,760
OF FUNCTIONING AND WILL TALK 

6989
04:58:52,760 --> 04:58:55,400
ABOUT SOURCES OF RESILIENCE AND 

6990
04:58:55,400 --> 04:58:57,080
TALK ABOUT THEM LATER AND WHERE 

6991
04:58:57,080 --> 04:58:59,160
WE GO FROM HERE AND HOW WE 

6992
04:58:59,160 --> 04:58:59,840
DEVELOP INTERVENTIONS THAT COULD

6993
04:58:59,840 --> 04:59:02,880
BE IMPLEMENTED TO PROMOTE A MORE

6994
04:59:02,880 --> 04:59:05,800
RESILIENT PROFILE. 

6995
04:59:05,800 --> 04:59:07,440
SO, RESILIENCE RESEARCH HAS A 

6996
04:59:07,440 --> 04:59:09,120
VERY LONG AND SCIENTIFICALLY 

6997
04:59:09,120 --> 04:59:11,640
RICH HISTORY DATING ALL THE WAY 

6998
04:59:11,640 --> 04:59:14,360
BACK TO THE 1950S WHERE 

6999
04:59:14,360 --> 04:59:15,440
DEVELOPMENT PSYCHOLOGISTS REALLY

7000
04:59:15,440 --> 04:59:17,520
STARTED TO NOTICE THAT THERE 

7001
04:59:17,520 --> 04:59:20,200
WERE CHILDREN THAT HAD ENDURED 

7002
04:59:20,200 --> 04:59:21,880
SIGNIFICANT LIFE ADVERSITIES 

7003
04:59:21,880 --> 04:59:25,720
SUCH AS UNDERGOING WAR AND 

7004
04:59:25,720 --> 04:59:31,040
POVERTY YET THEY SEEMED TO DO 

7005
04:59:31,040 --> 04:59:32,960
WELL IN LIFE AND WERE THRIVING 

7006
04:59:32,960 --> 04:59:34,960
AND HAD GOOD ACADEMIC 

7007
04:59:34,960 --> 04:59:36,440
ACHIEVEMENT AND POSITIVE 

7008
04:59:36,440 --> 04:59:44,720
OUTCOMES THAT STARTED TO SPUR AN

7009
04:59:44,720 --> 04:59:49,120
ENDLESS ARRAY OF RESEARCH 

7010
04:59:49,120 --> 04:59:51,880
FOCUSING ON STRENGTHS BASED 

7011
04:59:51,880 --> 04:59:56,560
MODELS THAT IS A DRIFT AWAY FROM

7012
04:59:56,560 --> 05:00:00,360
CURRENT -- EARLIEST STUDY ON 

7013
05:00:00,360 --> 05:00:02,240
RESILIENCE WAS KAUAI 

7014
05:00:02,240 --> 05:00:03,920
LONGITUDINAL STUDY STARTING IN 

7015
05:00:03,920 --> 05:00:06,360
1950S AND FOLLOWED CHILDREN FOR 

7016
05:00:06,360 --> 05:00:08,280
SEVERAL DECADES INTO ADULTHOOD. 

7017
05:00:08,280 --> 05:00:12,800
THEY FOUND A SUBSET OF CHILDREN 

7018
05:00:12,800 --> 05:00:14,200
THAT SEEMED TO HAVE POSITIVE 

7019
05:00:14,200 --> 05:00:19,040
OUTCOMES AS ADULTS AND WHAT 

7020
05:00:19,040 --> 05:00:19,680
DIFFERENTIATED CHILDREN FROM 

7021
05:00:19,680 --> 05:00:23,320
THESE OTHER GROUPS OF 

7022
05:00:23,320 --> 05:00:25,160
INDIVIDUALS IS THAT THEY WERE 

7023
05:00:25,160 --> 05:00:27,920
HIGHLY SOCIABLE AND THEY HAD 

7024
05:00:27,920 --> 05:00:30,360
HIGH INTELLIGENCE. 

7025
05:00:30,360 --> 05:00:32,840
THEY ALSO FORMED GOOD AND 

7026
05:00:32,840 --> 05:00:35,160
SUPPORTIVE RELATIONSHIPS OUTSIDE

7027
05:00:35,160 --> 05:00:37,920
OF THE FAMILY UNIT AND ANOTHER 

7028
05:00:37,920 --> 05:00:42,200
KEY STUDY IN RESILIENCE RESEARCH

7029
05:00:42,200 --> 05:00:44,480
WAS DONE BY NORM WHO WAS A 

7030
05:00:44,480 --> 05:00:46,360
PIONEER IN RESILIENCE RESEARCH 

7031
05:00:46,360 --> 05:00:49,240
AND WAS INTERESTED IN STUDYING 

7032
05:00:49,240 --> 05:00:51,360
PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA 

7033
05:00:51,360 --> 05:00:54,320
FINDING HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS 

7034
05:00:54,320 --> 05:00:56,240
WITH CHILDREN WHOSE PARENTS HAD 

7035
05:00:56,240 --> 05:00:57,400
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND MAJORITY OF 

7036
05:00:57,400 --> 05:00:59,920
THEM AND GOING THROUGH NEGATIVE 

7037
05:00:59,920 --> 05:01:01,520
LIFE CIRCUMSTANCES, THEY ALSO 

7038
05:01:01,520 --> 05:01:03,440
SEEMED TO BE DOING QUITE WELL IN

7039
05:01:03,440 --> 05:01:05,520
LIFE AND HAVING GOOD ACADEMIC 

7040
05:01:05,520 --> 05:01:07,680
ACHIEVEMENT AND HAVING GOOD PEER

7041
05:01:07,680 --> 05:01:11,160
RELATIONSHIPS AND SO HE COINED 

7042
05:01:11,160 --> 05:01:15,200
THESE INDIVIDUALS THE 

7043
05:01:15,200 --> 05:01:17,160
INVULNERABLES AND WORK USHERED 

7044
05:01:17,160 --> 05:01:19,280
IN NEW ERA OF RESEARCH TRYING TO

7045
05:01:19,280 --> 05:01:21,440
UNDERSTAND ATTRIBUTES AND 

7046
05:01:21,440 --> 05:01:24,440
PROCESSES THAT UNDERLIE 

7047
05:01:24,440 --> 05:01:25,840
RESILIENCE TO TARGETING 

7048
05:01:25,840 --> 05:01:27,560
PROCESSES IN TERMS OF 

7049
05:01:27,560 --> 05:01:29,080
THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS AND 

7050
05:01:29,080 --> 05:01:33,200
NOW PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH HAS 

7051
05:01:33,200 --> 05:01:34,960
REALLY STARTED TO LOOK AT 

7052
05:01:34,960 --> 05:01:36,840
RESILIENCE FROM A DYNAMIC 

7053
05:01:36,840 --> 05:01:38,360
SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE. 

7054
05:01:38,360 --> 05:01:40,840
AND SO WHAT IS RESILIENCE 

7055
05:01:40,840 --> 05:01:41,840
EXACTLY?  

7056
05:01:41,840 --> 05:01:44,280
WELL, IT IS COMMONLY DESCRIBED 

7057
05:01:44,280 --> 05:01:46,320
AS ABILITY TO BEND AND NOT BREAK

7058
05:01:46,320 --> 05:01:49,200
OR BOUNCE BACK FROM ADVERSITY OR

7059
05:01:49,200 --> 05:01:51,320
SOME SORT OF GROWTH THAT HAS 

7060
05:01:51,320 --> 05:01:54,360
OCCURRED BECAUSE OF AN ADVERSE 

7061
05:01:54,360 --> 05:01:55,920
LIFE CIRCUMSTANCE. 

7062
05:01:55,920 --> 05:01:57,960
NOW, WHILE DEFINITIONS ARE 

7063
05:01:57,960 --> 05:02:00,720
INCREDIBLY USEFUL, THEY DON'T 

7064
05:02:00,720 --> 05:02:01,960
REALLY REFLECT THE COMPLEXITY 

7065
05:02:01,960 --> 05:02:04,200
THAT UNDERLIES RESILIENCE. 

7066
05:02:04,200 --> 05:02:07,720
SO, ACCORDING TO THE AMERICAN 

7067
05:02:07,720 --> 05:02:08,880
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, 

7068
05:02:08,880 --> 05:02:11,360
RESILIENCE IS THE PROCESS AND 

7069
05:02:11,360 --> 05:02:13,840
OUTCOME OF SUCCESSFULLY ADAPTING

7070
05:02:13,840 --> 05:02:18,080
TO DIFFICULT OR CHALLENGING LIFE

7071
05:02:18,080 --> 05:02:19,240
CIRCUMSTANCES. 

7072
05:02:19,240 --> 05:02:22,400
NOW, PAUSE ON THAT.  SUCCESSFUL 

7073
05:02:22,400 --> 05:02:25,240
ADAPTATION.  WHAT EXACTLY DOES 

7074
05:02:25,240 --> 05:02:26,960
THAT MEAN?  

7075
05:02:26,960 --> 05:02:29,440
NOW, SOME LIKE GEORGE HAVE 

7076
05:02:29,440 --> 05:02:32,040
REALLY CHAMPIONED THE IDEA THAT 

7077
05:02:32,040 --> 05:02:33,680
RESILIENCE IS VERY DISTINCT FROM

7078
05:02:33,680 --> 05:02:37,160
RECOVERY AND IN FACT RESILIENCE 

7079
05:02:37,160 --> 05:02:39,080
ENTAILS AN INDIVIDUAL'S ABILITY 

7080
05:02:39,080 --> 05:02:41,560
TO MAINTAIN A STABLE AND HEALTHY

7081
05:02:41,560 --> 05:02:43,120
LEVEL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL 

7082
05:02:43,120 --> 05:02:45,320
FUNCTIONING BEFORE AND AFTER 

7083
05:02:45,320 --> 05:02:45,600
ADVERSITY. 

7084
05:02:45,600 --> 05:02:48,400
OTHER DEFINITIONS AND ONE THAT 

7085
05:02:48,400 --> 05:02:50,080
YOU MAY ALL BE VERY FAMILIAR 

7086
05:02:50,080 --> 05:02:51,920
WITH IS THE THEORETICAL MODEL OF

7087
05:02:51,920 --> 05:02:54,560
PAIN RESILIENCE THAT IS 

7088
05:02:54,560 --> 05:02:57,920
DEVELOPED BY DREW STURTHON AND 

7089
05:02:57,920 --> 05:02:59,680
ALEX AND DR. HASSETT WHO SPOKE 

7090
05:02:59,680 --> 05:03:01,880
ABOUT THIS MODEL A LITTLE 

7091
05:03:01,880 --> 05:03:04,280
EARLIER.  THEY CONCEPTUALIZE 

7092
05:03:04,280 --> 05:03:06,360
RESILIENCE ON BASIS OF RESOURCES

7093
05:03:06,360 --> 05:03:09,920
AND MECHANISMS STRENGTHENING 

7094
05:03:09,920 --> 05:03:16,520
PAIN RELATED COPE ING RESPONSES 

7095
05:03:16,520 --> 05:03:26,560
A

7096
05:03:44,960 --> 05:03:45,840
AND. 

7097
05:03:45,840 --> 05:03:48,000
EVEN THOUGH FIELDS OF SCIENCE 

7098
05:03:48,000 --> 05:03:49,240
EMPLOY VERY DIFFERENT 

7099
05:03:49,240 --> 05:03:50,720
DEFINITIONS FOR RESILIENCE, 

7100
05:03:50,720 --> 05:03:52,040
THERE IS A GENERAL KIND OF 

7101
05:03:52,040 --> 05:03:53,680
COMMON UNDERSTANDING THAT 

7102
05:03:53,680 --> 05:03:55,880
RESILIENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH 

7103
05:03:55,880 --> 05:03:57,480
CHANGE OVER TIME AND THAT 

7104
05:03:57,480 --> 05:03:59,480
ESSENTIALLY WANTS TO GET THE 

7105
05:03:59,480 --> 05:04:02,360
SYSTEM BACK TO NORMAL OR MORE 

7106
05:04:02,360 --> 05:04:04,280
PREFERRED LEVELS OF FUNCTIONING.

7107
05:04:04,280 --> 05:04:07,440
IT IS ALSO AGREED UPON THAT 

7108
05:04:07,440 --> 05:04:08,840
RESILIENCE ONLY OCCURS IN 

7109
05:04:08,840 --> 05:04:10,840
CONTEXT OF ADVERSITY AND YOU 

7110
05:04:10,840 --> 05:04:14,240
NEED A STRESSOR TO HAVE A 

7111
05:04:14,240 --> 05:04:17,480
RESILIENCE PROCESS OR RESILIENT 

7112
05:04:17,480 --> 05:04:18,360
OUTCOME. 

7113
05:04:18,360 --> 05:04:23,880
AND ALSO, IT IS AGREED UPON THAT

7114
05:04:23,880 --> 05:04:24,800
RESILIENCE SYSTEMS TYPICALLY 

7115
05:04:24,800 --> 05:04:26,680
ENGAGE IN PROCESSES THAT ALLOW 

7116
05:04:26,680 --> 05:04:32,160
THE SYSTEM OPPORTUNITIES FOR 

7117
05:04:32,160 --> 05:04:33,920
PERSISTENCE RECOVERY AND 

7118
05:04:33,920 --> 05:04:35,160
TRANSFORMATION AND WHAT 

7119
05:04:35,160 --> 05:04:36,920
PROCESSES LOOK LIKE REALLY 

7120
05:04:36,920 --> 05:04:38,800
DEPENDS ON TYPE AND DURATION OF 

7121
05:04:38,800 --> 05:04:41,480
THE STRESSOR AND DEPENDS ON 

7122
05:04:41,480 --> 05:04:43,240
RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE 

7123
05:04:43,240 --> 05:04:44,920
SYSTEM AND ALSO THE OUTCOMES 

7124
05:04:44,920 --> 05:04:49,480
THAT ARE BEING LOOKED AT. 

7125
05:04:49,480 --> 05:04:54,960
4TH AND, YOU KNOW, FINALLY MOST 

7126
05:04:54,960 --> 05:04:58,360
RESISTANT AND INTERACTIVE AND 

7127
05:04:58,360 --> 05:04:59,720
CONNECTS ACROSS SYSTEMS AND 

7128
05:04:59,720 --> 05:05:01,360
THINKING ABOUT RESILIENCE, THERE

7129
05:05:01,360 --> 05:05:03,960
IS A NUMBER OF RESOURCES AND 

7130
05:05:03,960 --> 05:05:05,640
MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH THAT 

7131
05:05:05,640 --> 05:05:07,800
IS NOT CERTAINLY AN EXHAUSTIVE 

7132
05:05:07,800 --> 05:05:08,080
LIST. 

7133
05:05:08,080 --> 05:05:11,480
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT PAIN, WE 

7134
05:05:11,480 --> 05:05:13,880
KNOW THAT VARIOUS COGNITIVE AND 

7135
05:05:13,880 --> 05:05:16,160
EMOTIONAL FACTORS ARE ASSOCIATED

7136
05:05:16,160 --> 05:05:18,400
WITH PAIN EXPERIENCE AND 

7137
05:05:18,400 --> 05:05:19,400
PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS THAT

7138
05:05:19,400 --> 05:05:21,440
ARE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL 

7139
05:05:21,440 --> 05:05:24,480
ENVIRONMENT AND EVEN BIOLOGICAL 

7140
05:05:24,480 --> 05:05:26,360
AND BEHAVIORAL FACTORS AS WELL. 

7141
05:05:26,360 --> 05:05:28,600
THERE HAVE BEEN A NUMBER OF 

7142
05:05:28,600 --> 05:05:29,520
CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES THAT 

7143
05:05:29,520 --> 05:05:32,440
HAVE LOOKED AT ASSOCIATION OF 

7144
05:05:32,440 --> 05:05:36,960
FACTORS IN THE CONTEXT OF PAIN. 

7145
05:05:36,960 --> 05:05:39,640
OPTIMISM IS PROBABLY ONE OF THE 

7146
05:05:39,640 --> 05:05:41,640
MOST HEAVILY STUDIED AND 

7147
05:05:41,640 --> 05:05:42,800
PROTECTIVE FACTORS THAT WAS A 

7148
05:05:42,800 --> 05:05:44,600
STUDY THAT WAS DONE AS PART OF 

7149
05:05:44,600 --> 05:05:48,440
THE WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE 

7150
05:05:48,440 --> 05:05:50,720
WHERE THEY FOUND THAT WOMEN WHO 

7151
05:05:50,720 --> 05:05:54,280
WERE IN HIGHEST QUARTILE OF 

7152
05:05:54,280 --> 05:05:55,640
OPTIMISM LIVE ON AVERAGE FOUR 

7153
05:05:55,640 --> 05:05:57,920
YEARS LONGER THAN WOMEN IN 

7154
05:05:57,920 --> 05:05:59,880
LOWEST QUARTILE AND HAD 

7155
05:05:59,880 --> 05:06:00,760
EXCEPTIONAL LONGEVITY, MEANING 

7156
05:06:00,760 --> 05:06:02,720
THAT THEY WERE LIVING OVER THE 

7157
05:06:02,720 --> 05:06:06,040
AGE OF 90 YEARS. 

7158
05:06:06,040 --> 05:06:09,160
THEY FOUND THAT THESE OUTCOMES 

7159
05:06:09,160 --> 05:06:10,720
HAS EXISTED EVEN THOUGH THERE 

7160
05:06:10,720 --> 05:06:11,960
WASN'T ANY DIFFERENCES ACROSS 

7161
05:06:11,960 --> 05:06:13,600
RACE AND ETHNICITY. 

7162
05:06:13,600 --> 05:06:16,000
SO, I WANT YOU TO THINK ABOUT 

7163
05:06:16,000 --> 05:06:19,560
THAT FOR A MOMENT. 

7164
05:06:19,560 --> 05:06:22,640
OPTIMISM CAN INCREASE LIFESPAN. 

7165
05:06:22,640 --> 05:06:23,880
THAT IS PRETTY POWERFUL WHEN 

7166
05:06:23,880 --> 05:06:27,520
YOU THINK ABOUT THE EFFECTS THAT

7167
05:06:27,520 --> 05:06:30,440
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCES

7168
05:06:30,440 --> 05:06:34,160
COULD HAVE ON HEALTH. 

7169
05:06:34,160 --> 05:06:37,840
SO, WE HAVE TAKEN A BROAD-BASED 

7170
05:06:37,840 --> 05:06:39,360
APPROACH IN MY LABORATORY 

7171
05:06:39,360 --> 05:06:41,000
STUDYING THESE FACTORS AND HOW 

7172
05:06:41,000 --> 05:06:42,560
THEY LINK TO THE PAIN 

7173
05:06:42,560 --> 05:06:42,920
EXPERIENCE. 

7174
05:06:42,920 --> 05:06:44,880
WHAT YOU ARE SEEING HERE IS DATA

7175
05:06:44,880 --> 05:06:48,320
FROM OUR OLDER ADULT POPULATION 

7176
05:06:48,320 --> 05:06:50,920
AND LOOKING AT PAIN OUTCOME 

7177
05:06:50,920 --> 05:06:52,280
DIFFERENCES THAT IS ACROSS 

7178
05:06:52,280 --> 05:06:53,840
LEVELS OF STRESS RESILIENCE. 

7179
05:06:53,840 --> 05:06:57,000
IT WAS DONE BY LOOKING AT BRIEF 

7180
05:06:57,000 --> 05:07:00,040
RESILIENCE SCALE.  WHAT YOU SEE 

7181
05:07:00,040 --> 05:07:03,680
HERE IS THAT PEOPLE WITH HIGHER 

7182
05:07:03,680 --> 05:07:06,360
LEVELS OF STRESS RESILIENCE ARE 

7183
05:07:06,360 --> 05:07:08,520
INDIVIDUALS REPORTING LOWER PAIN

7184
05:07:08,520 --> 05:07:09,920
INTENSITY AND DISABLE AND HAVE 

7185
05:07:09,920 --> 05:07:11,800
LOWER LEVELS OF PAIN 

7186
05:07:11,800 --> 05:07:14,320
INTERFERENCE AND ENGAGE IN LESS 

7187
05:07:14,320 --> 05:07:16,480
PAIN BEHAVIORS AS COMPARED TO 

7188
05:07:16,480 --> 05:07:20,240
PEOPLE WHO ARE HIGHER OR LOWER 

7189
05:07:20,240 --> 05:07:21,960
IN STRESS RESILIENCE WE HAVE 

7190
05:07:21,960 --> 05:07:24,320
BEEN LOOKING AT IT FROM CONTEXT 

7191
05:07:24,320 --> 05:07:27,080
OF PAIN IMPACT THAT IS A VERY 

7192
05:07:27,080 --> 05:07:28,880
IMPORTANT TOPIC AND IT IS IN 

7193
05:07:28,880 --> 05:07:30,360
PAIN LITERATURE AND PEOPLE WITH 

7194
05:07:30,360 --> 05:07:33,040
HIGHER LEVELS OF PAIN IMPACT ARE

7195
05:07:33,040 --> 05:07:35,080
PATIENTS WHO TEND TO BE 

7196
05:07:35,080 --> 05:07:37,880
DEBILITATED BY PAIN AND USING 

7197
05:07:37,880 --> 05:07:39,040
MORE HEALTH CARE RESOURCES 

7198
05:07:39,040 --> 05:07:40,840
COMPARED TO INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE

7199
05:07:40,840 --> 05:07:43,160
LOWER IN PAIN IMPACT. 

7200
05:07:43,160 --> 05:07:46,960
SO, THERE ARE A NUMBER OF WAYS 

7201
05:07:46,960 --> 05:07:53,000
THAT YOU CAN EXAMINE PAIN IMPACT

7202
05:07:53,000 --> 05:07:55,400
AND RESOURCE CRITERIA THAT IS 

7203
05:07:55,400 --> 05:07:57,160
MEASURES FROM PROMISE PAIN 

7204
05:07:57,160 --> 05:08:01,640
MEASURES AND THIS IS SOME DATA 

7205
05:08:01,640 --> 05:08:03,640
FROM A TRIAL WE CONDUCTED WITH 

7206
05:08:03,640 --> 05:08:06,360
OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC LOW 

7207
05:08:06,360 --> 05:08:08,960
BACK PAIN AND YOU ARE SEEING 

7208
05:08:08,960 --> 05:08:10,800
HERE JUST PAIN IMPACT THAT IS ON

7209
05:08:10,800 --> 05:08:13,600
THE Y AXIS HERE THAT KIND OF 

7210
05:08:13,600 --> 05:08:16,920
VARIES IN LEVELS OF IMPACT FROM 

7211
05:08:16,920 --> 05:08:18,360
HIGH TO LOW. 

7212
05:08:18,360 --> 05:08:20,040
LOOKING AT THIS ACROSS A NUMBER 

7213
05:08:20,040 --> 05:08:22,080
OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL 

7214
05:08:22,080 --> 05:08:25,600
RESOURCES SUCH AS RESILIENCE AND

7215
05:08:25,600 --> 05:08:28,480
PAIN ACCEPTANCE AND EVEN 

7216
05:08:28,480 --> 05:08:31,520
GRATITUDE AND FIND THAT FOR 

7217
05:08:31,520 --> 05:08:34,800
INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE LOWER PAIN 

7218
05:08:34,800 --> 05:08:36,440
IMPACT ARE INDIVIDUALS WHO IS 

7219
05:08:36,440 --> 05:08:39,000
REPORTING A HIGHER DEGREE OF 

7220
05:08:39,000 --> 05:08:41,000
POSITIVE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL 

7221
05:08:41,000 --> 05:08:42,960
RESOURCES AND WHETHER RESOURCES 

7222
05:08:42,960 --> 05:08:45,880
ARE PREDICTING PAIN IMPACT OR 

7223
05:08:45,880 --> 05:08:47,640
VICE VERSA, WE DON'T REALLY 

7224
05:08:47,640 --> 05:08:47,840
KNOW. 

7225
05:08:47,840 --> 05:08:50,200
THERE SEEMS TO BE A RELATIONSHIP

7226
05:08:50,200 --> 05:08:52,040
BETWEEN HOW ONE FUNCTIONS WITH 

7227
05:08:52,040 --> 05:08:54,160
THEIR PAIN AND OVERALL LEVEL OF 

7228
05:08:54,160 --> 05:08:58,360
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH. 

7229
05:08:58,360 --> 05:09:01,280
SO, A QUESTION IS ARE THESE 

7230
05:09:01,280 --> 05:09:02,600
FACTORS PRODICKTIVE WHO WILL DO 

7231
05:09:02,600 --> 05:09:04,440
WELL AFTER SURGERY OR WHO ARE 

7232
05:09:04,440 --> 05:09:06,360
THE INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE GOING 

7233
05:09:06,360 --> 05:09:09,960
TO GO ON TO DEVELOP CHRONIC PAIN

7234
05:09:09,960 --> 05:09:12,680
AFTER SOME SORT OF ACUTE INJURY 

7235
05:09:12,680 --> 05:09:13,640
HAS HAPPENED?  

7236
05:09:13,640 --> 05:09:18,280
SHORT ANSWER TO THAT IS YES.  

7237
05:09:18,280 --> 05:09:21,480
THERE HAS BEEN A VERY SMALL 

7238
05:09:21,480 --> 05:09:23,320
HANDFUL OF STUDIES TRICKLING IN 

7239
05:09:23,320 --> 05:09:25,280
STARTING TO LOOK AT SOME OF 

7240
05:09:25,280 --> 05:09:28,520
THESE FACTORS THAT WAS A STUDY 

7241
05:09:28,520 --> 05:09:30,160
CONDUCTED BY ROY CORE ON ADO 

7242
05:09:30,160 --> 05:09:33,160
WHERE THEY WERE EXAMINING 

7243
05:09:33,160 --> 05:09:34,360
PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAMBINECTOMY

7244
05:09:34,360 --> 05:09:36,600
AND FOLLOWED THEM FOR A PERIOD 

7245
05:09:36,600 --> 05:09:38,320
OF 12 MONTHS AND THEY WERE 

7246
05:09:38,320 --> 05:09:39,400
INTERESTED IN WHETHER THERE WERE

7247
05:09:39,400 --> 05:09:41,480
VARIOUS FACTORS THAT PREDICTED 

7248
05:09:41,480 --> 05:09:45,840
PAIN OUTCOMES DURING EARLY 

7249
05:09:45,840 --> 05:09:47,680
POST-OP ITERATIVE PERIOD AND 

7250
05:09:47,680 --> 05:09:49,240
EARLY POST-OP ITERATIVE PERIOD 

7251
05:09:49,240 --> 05:09:50,680
IS USUALLY 6 WEEKS AFTER SURGERY

7252
05:09:50,680 --> 05:09:52,960
AND IS A CRITICAL TIME PERIOD. 

7253
05:09:52,960 --> 05:09:54,760
IT IS WHEN DOCTORS WANT TO START

7254
05:09:54,760 --> 05:09:56,720
TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT 

7255
05:09:56,720 --> 05:09:59,800
REFERRALS NEED TO BE MADE FOR 

7256
05:09:59,800 --> 05:10:00,760
ADDITIONAL POST-OP ITERATIVE 

7257
05:10:00,760 --> 05:10:04,240
CARE THAT THE PATIENT MAY NEED. 

7258
05:10:04,240 --> 05:10:05,560
I WANT TO BRING YOUR ATTENTION 

7259
05:10:05,560 --> 05:10:09,760
TO THE AREA THAT IS OUTLINED IN 

7260
05:10:09,760 --> 05:10:13,080
RED AND THEY FOUND THAT 

7261
05:10:13,080 --> 05:10:16,000
RESILIENCE AND SELF-EFFICACY AT 

7262
05:10:16,000 --> 05:10:18,840
6 WEEKS POST SURGERY WERE 

7263
05:10:18,840 --> 05:10:20,920
PREDICTED AT 12 OUTCOMES 

7264
05:10:20,920 --> 05:10:23,480
PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND PAIN 

7265
05:10:23,480 --> 05:10:24,920
INTERFERENCE AMONGST OTHER 

7266
05:10:24,920 --> 05:10:26,360
OUTCOMES AND RESILIENCE SEEMED 

7267
05:10:26,360 --> 05:10:29,920
TO HAVE A BIT OF AN EDGE OVER 

7268
05:10:29,920 --> 05:10:31,520
SELF-EFFICACY IN TERMS OF 

7269
05:10:31,520 --> 05:10:32,400
PREDICTIVE POWER. 

7270
05:10:32,400 --> 05:10:34,960
AND SIMILARLY, OTHERS SUCH AS 

7271
05:10:34,960 --> 05:10:37,280
THE STUDY HERE THAT WAS DONE AT 

7272
05:10:37,280 --> 05:10:38,880
DUKE UNIVERSITY THAT FOUND THAT 

7273
05:10:38,880 --> 05:10:41,400
HIGHER BASELINE RESILIENCE WAS 

7274
05:10:41,400 --> 05:10:44,040
ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER POST-OP 

7275
05:10:44,040 --> 05:10:45,320
ITERATIVE KNEE FUNCTION AND 

7276
05:10:45,320 --> 05:10:47,640
GENERAL HEALTH THREE MONTHS 

7277
05:10:47,640 --> 05:10:49,560
AFTER KNEE ARTHROMRAFTY AND LOTS

7278
05:10:49,560 --> 05:10:52,000
OF THE STUDIES IN SURGICAL SPACE

7279
05:10:52,000 --> 05:10:54,320
HAVE REALLY FOCUSED ON SURGICAL 

7280
05:10:54,320 --> 05:10:58,160
AND MEDICAL FACTORS AND EVEN 

7281
05:10:58,160 --> 05:10:59,960
PSYCHOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS IN 

7282
05:10:59,960 --> 05:11:02,800
TERMS OF CONNECTORS AND IS NOT A

7283
05:11:02,800 --> 05:11:04,520
LARGE BODY OF EVIDENCE RIGHT NOW

7284
05:11:04,520 --> 05:11:04,920
FOR THIS. 

7285
05:11:04,920 --> 05:11:07,000
IT IS SLOWLY GROWING. 

7286
05:11:07,000 --> 05:11:08,640
WE ARE SEEING NICE SUPPORT FOR 

7287
05:11:08,640 --> 05:11:13,120
SOME OF THE PREDICTORS. 

7288
05:11:13,120 --> 05:11:16,520
I HAVE TOUCHED UPON MORE OF THE 

7289
05:11:16,520 --> 05:11:17,000
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT. 

7290
05:11:17,000 --> 05:11:20,000
WE ALSO KNOW THAT RESILIENCE 

7291
05:11:20,000 --> 05:11:25,160
INVOLVES VERY ACTIVE AND UNIQUE 

7292
05:11:25,160 --> 05:11:27,360
BIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL AND 

7293
05:11:27,360 --> 05:11:31,560
SOCIOCULTURAL PROCESSES THAT 

7294
05:11:31,560 --> 05:11:33,080
IMPACT AGAINST STRESS AND PAIN 

7295
05:11:33,080 --> 05:11:35,920
AND IS EVIDENCE FOR POTENTIAL 

7296
05:11:35,920 --> 05:11:37,160
ROLE OF HEARTRATE VARIABILITY 

7297
05:11:37,160 --> 05:11:39,520
THAT IS SEEN AS INDEX OF 

7298
05:11:39,520 --> 05:11:41,520
RESILIENCE IN RELATION TO 

7299
05:11:41,520 --> 05:11:44,240
EMOTION REGULATION CAPACITY 

7300
05:11:44,240 --> 05:11:45,560
ESPECIALLY AND IS NICE EVIDENCE 

7301
05:11:45,560 --> 05:11:47,440
FOR SOCIAL BUFFERING EFFECTS OF 

7302
05:11:47,440 --> 05:11:50,000
THE HPA SYSTEM. 

7303
05:11:50,000 --> 05:11:53,760
AND WE HAVE ACTUALLY RECENTLY 

7304
05:11:53,760 --> 05:11:57,000
COLLECTED DATA THAT IS FINDING 

7305
05:11:57,000 --> 05:11:58,800
THAT VARIOUS PROTECTIVE FACTORS 

7306
05:11:58,800 --> 05:12:02,360
SUCH AS HOPE AND OPTIMISM.  

7307
05:12:02,360 --> 05:12:08,080
THEY SEEM TO HAVE EFFECTS 

7308
05:12:08,080 --> 05:12:10,920
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS IN TERMS OF

7309
05:12:10,920 --> 05:12:12,800
CORTISOL AND REACTIVITY AND 

7310
05:12:12,800 --> 05:12:15,520
RECOVERY AND COMPARING THEM TO 

7311
05:12:15,520 --> 05:12:17,080
TRADITIONAL MEASURES OF RISK 

7312
05:12:17,080 --> 05:12:19,760
SUCH AS PERCEIVED STRESS AND 

7313
05:12:19,760 --> 05:12:20,640
CATASTROPHIZING AND WANT TO 

7314
05:12:20,640 --> 05:12:23,680
POINT OUT THAT NO SINGLE 

7315
05:12:23,680 --> 05:12:25,400
VARIABLE IS WHOLLY RESPONSIBLE 

7316
05:12:25,400 --> 05:12:28,520
FOR THE COMPLEXITY OF PROCESSES 

7317
05:12:28,520 --> 05:12:30,320
ASSOCIATED WITH RESILIENCE AND 

7318
05:12:30,320 --> 05:12:30,920
OUTCOMES. 

7319
05:12:30,920 --> 05:12:32,880
BUT, MUCH OF THE RESEARCH, AT 

7320
05:12:32,880 --> 05:12:34,760
LEAST IN THE PAIN SPACES, THEY 

7321
05:12:34,760 --> 05:12:37,640
ARE REALLY TRADITIONALLY FOCUSED

7322
05:12:37,640 --> 05:12:40,320
ON PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF 

7323
05:12:40,320 --> 05:12:40,680
RESILIENCE. 

7324
05:12:40,680 --> 05:12:43,280
AND -- AND HAVE TYPICALLY KIND 

7325
05:12:43,280 --> 05:12:45,800
OF MEASURED FACTORS IN 

7326
05:12:45,800 --> 05:12:46,480
ISOLATION.  

7327
05:12:46,480 --> 05:12:49,160
SO, I REALLY WOULD LIKE TO 

7328
05:12:49,160 --> 05:12:50,520
EXPAND OUR KNOWLEDGE ON 

7329
05:12:50,520 --> 05:12:52,520
RESILIENCE.  WE REALLY NEED TO 

7330
05:12:52,520 --> 05:12:54,360
CONSIDER IT FROM A WHOLE PERSON 

7331
05:12:54,360 --> 05:12:56,800
PERSPECTIVE THAT SPANS ACROSS 

7332
05:12:56,800 --> 05:12:59,240
MULTIPLE SYSTEMS. 

7333
05:12:59,240 --> 05:13:02,360
SO, THIS IS ACTUALLY HAS BEEN 

7334
05:13:02,360 --> 05:13:05,280
SOME INTEREST FOR NIH TRANS 

7335
05:13:05,280 --> 05:13:07,440
RESILIENCE WORKING GROUP THAT 

7336
05:13:07,440 --> 05:13:11,720
WAS ESTABLISHED TO COORDINATE 

7337
05:13:11,720 --> 05:13:14,720
RESEARCH RESILIENCE AGENDA 

7338
05:13:14,720 --> 05:13:17,120
ACROSS NIH SYSTEM AND THROUGH 

7339
05:13:17,120 --> 05:13:19,240
WORK HAS BEEN APPRECIATION THAT 

7340
05:13:19,240 --> 05:13:21,240
RESILIENCE IS IN FACT 

7341
05:13:21,240 --> 05:13:25,680
MULTI-FACETED AND SPANS ACROSS 

7342
05:13:25,680 --> 05:13:26,360
MULTIPLE SYSTEMS. 

7343
05:13:26,360 --> 05:13:29,160
WHEN THE ORGANISM IS TAXED WITH 

7344
05:13:29,160 --> 05:13:33,200
A SPECIFIC STRESSOR OR 

7345
05:13:33,200 --> 05:13:35,160
ADVERSITY, THIS EFFECTS MULTIPLE

7346
05:13:35,160 --> 05:13:37,840
SYSTEMS INCLUDING ENVIRONMENTAL 

7347
05:13:37,840 --> 05:13:39,840
AND COMMUNITY EXPOSURES AND 

7348
05:13:39,840 --> 05:13:42,120
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND 

7349
05:13:42,120 --> 05:13:44,160
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR 

7350
05:13:44,160 --> 05:13:44,400
MAKEUP. 

7351
05:13:44,400 --> 05:13:46,000
SO, WE HAVE ACTUALLY BEEN TRYING

7352
05:13:46,000 --> 05:13:49,560
TO TACKLE THIS A BIT THROUGH 

7353
05:13:49,560 --> 05:13:51,080
SOME PHENOTYPING ANAL CEASE. 

7354
05:13:51,080 --> 05:13:53,360
WE WANT TO IDENTIFY PROFILES OF 

7355
05:13:53,360 --> 05:13:55,160
RESILIENCE THAT ARE BASED UPON 

7356
05:13:55,160 --> 05:13:57,160
DIFFERENT DOMAINS. 

7357
05:13:57,160 --> 05:13:59,160
SO, THIS HAS RESULTED IN A 

7358
05:13:59,160 --> 05:14:02,120
SERIES OF STUDIES WHERE WE HAVE 

7359
05:14:02,120 --> 05:14:03,200
EMPIRICALLY IDENTIFIED 

7360
05:14:03,200 --> 05:14:05,280
COMPOSITES OF RESILIENCE THAT 

7361
05:14:05,280 --> 05:14:06,800
ARE BASED UPON VARIOUS 

7362
05:14:06,800 --> 05:14:07,720
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND HEALTH AND 

7363
05:14:07,720 --> 05:14:10,000
SOCIAL RELATED FACTORS SUCH AS 

7364
05:14:10,000 --> 05:14:12,240
WHAT YOU SEE HERE AT THE TOP OF 

7365
05:14:12,240 --> 05:14:12,960
THE SLIDE. 

7366
05:14:12,960 --> 05:14:18,360
THEN WHAT WE HAVE DONE IS USE 

7367
05:14:18,360 --> 05:14:20,080
CLUSTERING TECHNIQUES TO 

7368
05:14:20,080 --> 05:14:21,440
DETERMINE SUBGROUPINGS BASED 

7369
05:14:21,440 --> 05:14:23,120
UPON PATTERNS OF FUNCTIONING AND

7370
05:14:23,120 --> 05:14:25,520
WE GENERALLY FOUND FOUR PATTERN 

7371
05:14:25,520 --> 05:14:27,520
RS OF FUNCTIONING OR FOUR 

7372
05:14:27,520 --> 05:14:29,240
PATTERNS OF SUBGROUPS THAT ARE 

7373
05:14:29,240 --> 05:14:31,960
PRESENT AND TWO SUBGROUPS THAT 

7374
05:14:31,960 --> 05:14:33,320
ARE DEFINED EITHER BY HIGHER 

7375
05:14:33,320 --> 05:14:35,280
LEVELS OF RESILIENCE OR THOSE 

7376
05:14:35,280 --> 05:14:39,160
WITH LOWER RESILIENT PHENOTYPE 

7377
05:14:39,160 --> 05:14:41,520
AND FOUND ALSO TWO OTHER 

7378
05:14:41,520 --> 05:14:43,440
SUBGROUPS PRESENT THAT VARY 

7379
05:14:43,440 --> 05:14:46,000
ACCORDING TO THEIR LEVEL OF 

7380
05:14:46,000 --> 05:14:48,840
PSYCHOSOCIAL AND HEALTH-RELATED 

7381
05:14:48,840 --> 05:14:49,160
FUNCTIONING. 

7382
05:14:49,160 --> 05:14:51,880
WITH THIS, WE WANTED TO TAKE 

7383
05:14:51,880 --> 05:14:53,080
PROFILES AND DETERMINE WHETHER 

7384
05:14:53,080 --> 05:14:56,840
AND HOW THEY TAP ON TO THE PAIN 

7385
05:14:56,840 --> 05:14:57,640
EXPERIENCE. 

7386
05:14:57,640 --> 05:15:00,680
SO, JUST TO KIND OF QUICKLY SUM 

7387
05:15:00,680 --> 05:15:03,920
UP RESULTS, MORE PROTECTIVE 

7388
05:15:03,920 --> 05:15:05,960
RESOURCES, THE BETTER AND WE 

7389
05:15:05,960 --> 05:15:06,720
GENERALLY FIND THAT THOSE 

7390
05:15:06,720 --> 05:15:09,320
INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE A HIGHER 

7391
05:15:09,320 --> 05:15:12,800
KIND OF RESILIENT PHENOTYPE ARE 

7392
05:15:12,800 --> 05:15:14,920
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE REPORTING 

7393
05:15:14,920 --> 05:15:16,440
MORE OPTIMAL PSYCHOLOGICAL 

7394
05:15:16,440 --> 05:15:18,680
HEALTH AND ARE ALSO REPORTING 

7395
05:15:18,680 --> 05:15:21,040
MORE ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL 

7396
05:15:21,040 --> 05:15:23,720
FUNCTIONING AND LESS DISABILITY 

7397
05:15:23,720 --> 05:15:28,720
AND LESS COGNITIVE DISFUNCTION 

7398
05:15:28,720 --> 05:15:31,360
AND HAVE LOWER LEVELS OF SLEEP 

7399
05:15:31,360 --> 05:15:32,440
DISTURBANCE AND FATIGUE AND WHAT

7400
05:15:32,440 --> 05:15:34,960
IS INTERESTING ABOUT THIS IS WE 

7401
05:15:34,960 --> 05:15:37,400
ARE SEEING DIVERGENCE ACROSS 

7402
05:15:37,400 --> 05:15:38,360
OTHER SUBGROUPS IN PEOPLE WHO 

7403
05:15:38,360 --> 05:15:41,640
HAVE HIGHER LEVELS OF PHYSICAL 

7404
05:15:41,640 --> 05:15:43,000
FUNCTIONING AND ARE INDIVIDUALS 

7405
05:15:43,000 --> 05:15:46,720
WITH LOWER LEVELS OF BMI AND 

7406
05:15:46,720 --> 05:15:48,480
COMORBIDITIES AND TEND TO DO 

7407
05:15:48,480 --> 05:15:50,400
BETTER IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL 

7408
05:15:50,400 --> 05:15:51,920
FUNCTIONING AND HAVE LESS ADVISE

7409
05:15:51,920 --> 05:15:53,680
IBLTD AND FLIPSIDE INDIVIDUALS 

7410
05:15:53,680 --> 05:15:55,680
HIGHER IN PSYCHOSOCIAL RESOURCES

7411
05:15:55,680 --> 05:15:57,440
ARE REPORTING THE LOWEST LEVEL 

7412
05:15:57,440 --> 05:16:02,120
OR HIGHEST LEVELS OF STRESS 

7413
05:16:02,120 --> 05:16:02,400
RESILIENCE. 

7414
05:16:02,400 --> 05:16:04,520
WE HAVE ALSO LOOKED AT THIS IN 

7415
05:16:04,520 --> 05:16:05,840
CONTEXT OF PAIN IMPACT. 

7416
05:16:05,840 --> 05:16:08,560
SO, WHAT YOU SEE HERE IS THAT 

7417
05:16:08,560 --> 05:16:12,560
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE LOWER IN 

7418
05:16:12,560 --> 05:16:14,360
RESILIENCE, THEY REPORT THE 

7419
05:16:14,360 --> 05:16:19,120
HIGHEST DEGREE OF PAIN IMPACT.  

7420
05:16:19,120 --> 05:16:21,160
SO, THESE STUDIES ARE 

7421
05:16:21,160 --> 05:16:22,720
PRELIMINARY RIGHT NOW AND HAVE 

7422
05:16:22,720 --> 05:16:25,040
AH FAIRLY SMALL SAMPLE SIZE. 

7423
05:16:25,040 --> 05:16:27,440
WHAT THEY DO IS GIVE A KIND OF 

7424
05:16:27,440 --> 05:16:29,160
VERY NICE ILLUSTRATION OF 

7425
05:16:29,160 --> 05:16:33,480
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS 

7426
05:16:33,480 --> 05:16:35,440
DOMAINS AND MAY PROVIDE A 

7427
05:16:35,440 --> 05:16:36,720
GREATER DEPTH OF UNDERSTANDING 

7428
05:16:36,720 --> 05:16:40,360
HOW RESILIENCE INTERACTS WITH 

7429
05:16:40,360 --> 05:16:44,360
ONE ANOTHER ACROSS VARIOUS 

7430
05:16:44,360 --> 05:16:46,400
SYSTEMS AVENUE TOWARDS IMPROVING

7431
05:16:46,400 --> 05:16:52,000
PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES. 

7432
05:16:52,000 --> 05:16:54,400
THIS FINALLY BRINGS ME TO MY 

7433
05:16:54,400 --> 05:16:56,200
LAST TOPIC OF TREATMENT 

7434
05:16:56,200 --> 05:16:57,680
APPROACHES AND RESILIENCE 

7435
05:16:57,680 --> 05:17:00,840
SCIENCE HAS REALLY SPURRED A LOT

7436
05:17:00,840 --> 05:17:03,320
OF INTEREST IN -- AND SHIFT AWAY

7437
05:17:03,320 --> 05:17:05,280
FROM OUR TRADITIONAL DEFICIT 

7438
05:17:05,280 --> 05:17:06,440
MODELS OF APPROACH. 

7439
05:17:06,440 --> 05:17:09,520
TO ONE THAT REALLY FOCUSES MORE 

7440
05:17:09,520 --> 05:17:11,200
ON STRENGTHS AND ASSETS AND 

7441
05:17:11,200 --> 05:17:14,440
THERE IS LITTLE CONSENSUS IN 

7442
05:17:14,440 --> 05:17:23,080
TERMS WHAT ACTUALLY COMPRISES 

7443
05:17:23,080 --> 05:17:25,120
RESILIENCE INTERVENTION AND XOEN

7444
05:17:25,120 --> 05:17:27,000
NEPTDS THAT COULD BE IMBEDDED IN

7445
05:17:27,000 --> 05:17:29,440
ONE AND RESILIENCE BASED 

7446
05:17:29,440 --> 05:17:32,480
INTERVENTIONS FOLK YS ON 

7447
05:17:32,480 --> 05:17:33,160
TARGETING PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH 

7448
05:17:33,160 --> 05:17:35,040
AND STRATEGIES AND INTERVENTIONS

7449
05:17:35,040 --> 05:17:39,560
THAT ARE USED IMPLEMENTING MORE 

7450
05:17:39,560 --> 05:17:41,760
STRENGTH BASED APPROACH AND DR. 

7451
05:17:41,760 --> 05:17:42,680
HASSETT TALKED ABOUT SOME TODAY 

7452
05:17:42,680 --> 05:17:44,920
AND MANY OF THE STRATEGIES ARE 

7453
05:17:44,920 --> 05:17:47,400
THOSE OF ACTS OF KINDNESS AND 

7454
05:17:47,400 --> 05:17:50,120
HOPEFUL THINKING THAT HAVE BEEN 

7455
05:17:50,120 --> 05:17:52,000
BORROWED FROM POSITIVE 

7456
05:17:52,000 --> 05:17:54,040
PSYCHOLOGY LITERATURE THAT HAVE 

7457
05:17:54,040 --> 05:17:55,800
BEEN IMBEDDED WITHIN POSITIVE 

7458
05:17:55,800 --> 05:17:59,320
ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE 

7459
05:17:59,320 --> 05:18:02,040
THERAPIES THAT INCLUDE A 

7460
05:18:02,040 --> 05:18:03,600
COLLECTION OF VARIOUS STRATEGIES

7461
05:18:03,600 --> 05:18:06,160
AND IF WE THINK ABOUT MECHANISMS

7462
05:18:06,160 --> 05:18:08,920
THAT ARE UNDERLYING EFFECTS OF 

7463
05:18:08,920 --> 05:18:12,000
INTERVENTIONS IT IS GENERALLY 

7464
05:18:12,000 --> 05:18:14,360
BELIEVED THAT THESE 

7465
05:18:14,360 --> 05:18:16,120
INTERVENTIONS WORK BY INCREASING

7466
05:18:16,120 --> 05:18:18,360
POSITIVE EMOTIONS AND BEHAVIORS 

7467
05:18:18,360 --> 05:18:21,800
AND WAY THAT PEOPLE THINK AND 

7468
05:18:21,800 --> 05:18:25,200
FEEL ABOUT THINGS AND BRINGS ME 

7469
05:18:25,200 --> 05:18:27,920
TO A STUDY WE JUST RECENTLY 

7470
05:18:27,920 --> 05:18:30,760
WRAPPED UP THAT IS USING A LOT 

7471
05:18:30,760 --> 05:18:33,160
OF THE SAME STRATEGIES I JUST 

7472
05:18:33,160 --> 05:18:35,400
REVIEWED AND LEVERAGES A LOT 

7473
05:18:35,400 --> 05:18:37,560
FROM POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 

7474
05:18:37,560 --> 05:18:39,800
LITERATURE.  THIS IS A GROUP 

7475
05:18:39,800 --> 05:18:43,080
BASED INTERVENTION FOR OLDER 

7476
05:18:43,080 --> 05:18:44,400
ADULTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK 

7477
05:18:44,400 --> 05:18:50,520
PAIN THAT IS 7 WEEKS IN DURATION

7478
05:18:50,520 --> 05:18:53,520
AND FOLLOWED INDIVIDUALS SINGLE 

7479
05:18:53,520 --> 05:18:55,360
HARM TRIAL AND ACTIVITIES YOU 

7480
05:18:55,360 --> 05:18:59,160
SEE HERE ENGAGING PATIENTS IN 

7481
05:18:59,160 --> 05:19:02,360
MREN PLEASANT ACTIVITIES TAKING 

7482
05:19:02,360 --> 05:19:06,360
CONCEPTS FROM ACCEPTANCE AND 

7483
05:19:06,360 --> 05:19:10,920
COMMITMENT THERAPIES AND VALUES 

7484
05:19:10,920 --> 05:19:17,960
BASED TARGETING AND VARIETY OF 

7485
05:19:17,960 --> 05:19:20,120
CONCEPTS AND STRATEGIES IMBEDDED

7486
05:19:20,120 --> 05:19:24,760
IN THIS AND STUDY AIMED AS PILOT

7487
05:19:24,760 --> 05:19:26,720
FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY 

7488
05:19:26,720 --> 05:19:30,360
STUDY AND INTERESTED IN WHETHER 

7489
05:19:30,360 --> 05:19:32,360
OR NOT WE COULD MOVE NEEDLE ON 

7490
05:19:32,360 --> 05:19:34,000
PAIN RELATED OUTCOMES AND IN 

7491
05:19:34,000 --> 05:19:36,240
GENERAL WE FOUND THAT PATIENTS 

7492
05:19:36,240 --> 05:19:37,640
ENJOYED THE INTERVENTION AND 

7493
05:19:37,640 --> 05:19:39,720
THEY FOUND IT HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE 

7494
05:19:39,720 --> 05:19:43,920
AND WE ARE SEEING SOME REALLY 

7495
05:19:43,920 --> 05:19:45,600
NICE EFFECTS FOR SOME PAIN 

7496
05:19:45,600 --> 05:19:47,160
OUTCOMES FROM PRETO POST AND 

7497
05:19:47,160 --> 05:19:49,240
SEEING REDUCTIONS IN PAIN 

7498
05:19:49,240 --> 05:19:53,080
INTENSITY AND INTERFERENCE AND 

7499
05:19:53,080 --> 05:19:55,720
DEPRESSION WAS NOT EXCEPTIONALLY

7500
05:19:55,720 --> 05:19:58,000
HIGH IN THIS PARTICULAR SAMPLE 

7501
05:19:58,000 --> 05:20:02,920
WE DO ALSO SEE REDUCTIONS IN 

7502
05:20:02,920 --> 05:20:07,040
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND 

7503
05:20:07,040 --> 05:20:10,040
IMPROVEMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE 

7504
05:20:10,040 --> 05:20:12,640
WITH RESPECT TO SATISFACTION AND

7505
05:20:12,640 --> 05:20:14,400
OVERALL HEALTH THAT IS WHAT IS 

7506
05:20:14,400 --> 05:20:19,840
REALLY EXCITING ABOUT THIS IS 

7507
05:20:19,840 --> 05:20:21,440
EFFECTS HAVE HELD UP OVER TIME 

7508
05:20:21,440 --> 05:20:23,280
AND TWLEE MONTH FOLLOW UP AND 

7509
05:20:23,280 --> 05:20:24,880
PATIENTS ARE STILL USING LOTS OF

7510
05:20:24,880 --> 05:20:31,120
SAME STRATEGIES AND WE SEE 

7511
05:20:31,120 --> 05:20:34,840
MAINTENANCE OF EFFECTS THAT IS A

7512
05:20:34,840 --> 05:20:36,720
REALLY NICE ILLUSTRATION OF 

7513
05:20:36,720 --> 05:20:38,440
BENEFITS OF THESE TYPES OF 

7514
05:20:38,440 --> 05:20:42,400
THERAPIES AND HANDFUL OF SMALL 

7515
05:20:42,400 --> 05:20:45,440
STUDIES USING POSITIVE 

7516
05:20:45,440 --> 05:20:47,240
INTERVENTIONS FOR CHRONIC PAIN 

7517
05:20:47,240 --> 05:20:50,720
AND EFFECTS HAVE CHANGED FROM 

7518
05:20:50,720 --> 05:20:52,240
MODERATE TO LARGE. 

7519
05:20:52,240 --> 05:20:54,400
I WANT TO POINT OUT THERE IS 

7520
05:20:54,400 --> 05:20:56,000
VARIABILITY ACROSS SOME STUDIES 

7521
05:20:56,000 --> 05:20:57,840
USING POSITIVE ACTIVITY 

7522
05:20:57,840 --> 05:21:00,120
INTERVENTIONS AND EFFECTS DUE TO

7523
05:21:00,120 --> 05:21:01,480
PEN ON OUTCOME IS INTEREST THAT 

7524
05:21:01,480 --> 05:21:04,120
IS BEING ASSESSED AND IS ALSO 

7525
05:21:04,120 --> 05:21:07,920
NOT A LOT OF INFORMATION ON LONG

7526
05:21:07,920 --> 05:21:11,360
TERM EFFECTS OF TYPES OF 

7527
05:21:11,360 --> 05:21:16,240
INTERVENTION THAT IS AN AREA TO 

7528
05:21:16,240 --> 05:21:18,960
GROW IN TERMS OF RESEARCH AND 

7529
05:21:18,960 --> 05:21:22,360
FINDING OUT HOW THESE DIFFERENT 

7530
05:21:22,360 --> 05:21:28,880
STRATEGIES WORK AND WHO DO THEY 

7531
05:21:28,880 --> 05:21:32,280
WORK WELL FOR AND GOING BACK TO 

7532
05:21:32,280 --> 05:21:34,120
DEFINITION AND THINKING ABOUT IT

7533
05:21:34,120 --> 05:21:37,360
DR. HASSETT ELUDED TO IN HER OWN

7534
05:21:37,360 --> 05:21:40,480
TALK AND INTERACTIONS COULD BE 

7535
05:21:40,480 --> 05:21:43,400
RESILIENCE ENHANCING IN SOME WAY

7536
05:21:43,400 --> 05:21:45,160
OR ANOTHER WHETHER THROUGH 

7537
05:21:45,160 --> 05:21:48,720
INCREASING POSITIVE COGNITIVE 

7538
05:21:48,720 --> 05:21:52,560
APPRAISALS OR EVEN IMPROVING 

7539
05:21:52,560 --> 05:21:54,600
POSITIVE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN 

7540
05:21:54,600 --> 05:21:56,360
CHILD AND PARENT AND THINKING 

7541
05:21:56,360 --> 05:21:58,440
ABOUT ALSO IT CAN IMPROVE 

7542
05:21:58,440 --> 05:22:01,240
PHYSICAL RESILIENCE POSSIBLY 

7543
05:22:01,240 --> 05:22:04,760
REDUCING MUSCLE TENSION YOU CAN 

7544
05:22:04,760 --> 05:22:06,360
DO THROUGH MASSAGE THERAPY AND 

7545
05:22:06,360 --> 05:22:09,000
HAVE TO THINK ABOUT CURRENT 

7546
05:22:09,000 --> 05:22:11,040
INTERVENTIONS THAT COULD BE 

7547
05:22:11,040 --> 05:22:13,760
RESILIENCE ENHANCING AND IN WHAT

7548
05:22:13,760 --> 05:22:15,560
WAY ARE THEY RESILIENCE 

7549
05:22:15,560 --> 05:22:17,160
ENHANCING AND WHAT AREA OF 

7550
05:22:17,160 --> 05:22:20,160
RESILIENCE ARE THEY TAPPING INTO

7551
05:22:20,160 --> 05:22:22,400
AND OTHER THERAPIES LIKE 

7552
05:22:22,400 --> 05:22:24,400
MINDFULNESS HAVE RESULTED IN 

7553
05:22:24,400 --> 05:22:26,080
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN CHRONIC 

7554
05:22:26,080 --> 05:22:27,760
PAIN AND FOR EXAMPLE RECENT 

7555
05:22:27,760 --> 05:22:31,200
TRIAL CONDUCTED BY ERIC GARL AND

7556
05:22:31,200 --> 05:22:34,800
THAT IS INTEGRATED TREATMENT 

7557
05:22:34,800 --> 05:22:37,440
MINDFULNESS ORIENTED RECOVERY 

7558
05:22:37,440 --> 05:22:39,080
ENHANCEMENT AND TARGETING 

7559
05:22:39,080 --> 05:22:41,880
INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC PAIN 

7560
05:22:41,880 --> 05:22:44,480
AND HAD OPIOID USE DISORDER THAT

7561
05:22:44,480 --> 05:22:46,240
FOCUSED ON THREE CORE COMPONENTS

7562
05:22:46,240 --> 05:22:47,920
INVOLVING MINDFULNESS AND 

7563
05:22:47,920 --> 05:22:50,040
SAVORING AND REAPPRAISAL 

7564
05:22:50,040 --> 05:22:53,680
PROCESSES AND IN THE 8 WEEK 

7565
05:22:53,680 --> 05:22:56,520
TRIAL THEY FOUND THAT 

7566
05:22:56,520 --> 05:22:57,880
INTERVENTION LED TO POSITIVE 

7567
05:22:57,880 --> 05:23:00,800
EFFECTS IN PAIN OUTCOMES AND SAW

7568
05:23:00,800 --> 05:23:02,520
REDUCTIONS IN OPIOID MISUSE AND 

7569
05:23:02,520 --> 05:23:06,840
DOSAGES AND IS KIND OF PROVIDING

7570
05:23:06,840 --> 05:23:10,080
REALLY NICE SUPPORT FOR 

7571
05:23:10,080 --> 05:23:12,640
INTEGRATING VARIOUS STRATEGIES 

7572
05:23:12,640 --> 05:23:15,400
TOGETHER IN TERMS OF IMPROVING 

7573
05:23:15,400 --> 05:23:19,240
PAIN OUTCOMES AND SHOWS EFFECTS 

7574
05:23:19,240 --> 05:23:21,320
THAT CAN EXTEND BEYOND CHRONIC 

7575
05:23:21,320 --> 05:23:22,760
PAIN AND BE HELPFUL FOR 

7576
05:23:22,760 --> 05:23:27,000
POPULATIONS THAT ARE HIGHLY 

7577
05:23:27,000 --> 05:23:28,600
COMORBID WITH IT AND SUMMING UP,

7578
05:23:28,600 --> 05:23:30,280
THERE IS REALLY NICE EVIDENCE 

7579
05:23:30,280 --> 05:23:31,920
THAT IS SUPPORTING ROLE OF 

7580
05:23:31,920 --> 05:23:34,400
RESILIENCE IN TERMS OF PROMOTING

7581
05:23:34,400 --> 05:23:36,600
MORE EFFECTIVE PAIN OUTCOMES AND

7582
05:23:36,600 --> 05:23:38,120
NOW ADVANCING OUR UNDERSTANDING 

7583
05:23:38,120 --> 05:23:44,280
OF RESILIENCE IS GOING TO 

7584
05:23:44,280 --> 05:23:45,600
REQUIRE MORE IN DEPTH 

7585
05:23:45,600 --> 05:23:48,120
EXAMINATION OF RESILIENCE ACROSS

7586
05:23:48,120 --> 05:23:49,800
MULTIPLE SYSTEMS AND IMAGINE 

7587
05:23:49,800 --> 05:23:53,960
THAT HAS TO BE HUGE 

7588
05:23:53,960 --> 05:23:54,640
METHODOLOGICAL HURDLE AND THINK 

7589
05:23:54,640 --> 05:23:56,000
ABOUT WHICH SYSTEMS YOU ARE 

7590
05:23:56,000 --> 05:23:58,120
TRYING TO MODEL AND THINKING 

7591
05:23:58,120 --> 05:23:59,760
ABOUT ALSO THEIR INTERACTIVE 

7592
05:23:59,760 --> 05:24:03,800
PATTERNS THAT THEY HAVE WITH ONE

7593
05:24:03,800 --> 05:24:04,280
ANOT

7594
05:24:04,280 --> 05:24:04,600
ANOTHER. 

7595
05:24:04,600 --> 05:24:06,360
I WOULD LIKE TO BE OPTIMISTIC 

7596
05:24:06,360 --> 05:24:07,920
THIS COULD HAPPEN AT LEAST AT 

7597
05:24:07,920 --> 05:24:11,120
SOME POINT AND FOR IT TO BE VERY

7598
05:24:11,120 --> 05:24:12,720
SUCCESSFUL WE HAVE TO STEP 

7599
05:24:12,720 --> 05:24:14,280
OUTSIDE OF OUR OWN DISCIPLINES 

7600
05:24:14,280 --> 05:24:16,120
AND COLLABORATE AND NETWORK WITH

7601
05:24:16,120 --> 05:24:18,760
OTHER SCIENTISTS OUTSIDE OF OUR 

7602
05:24:18,760 --> 05:24:20,120
OWN DISCIPLINE TO BE ABLE TO 

7603
05:24:20,120 --> 05:24:22,120
THINK ABOUT YOU KNOW WHAT 

7604
05:24:22,120 --> 05:24:24,320
RESILIENCE IS AND HOW EXACTLY WE

7605
05:24:24,320 --> 05:24:28,080
CAN GO ABOUT MODELING THAT 

7606
05:24:28,080 --> 05:24:33,760
ACROSS THESE VARIOUS OTHER 

7607
05:24:33,760 --> 05:24:36,520
SYSTEMS AND DOING SO MIGHT HAVE 

7608
05:24:36,520 --> 05:24:38,520
POTENTIAL FOR INFORMING OUR OWN 

7609
05:24:38,520 --> 05:24:40,160
CLINICAL PRANTHIS AND HUMANS 

7610
05:24:40,160 --> 05:24:44,840
HAVE INCREDIBLE POTENTIAL TO 

7611
05:24:44,840 --> 05:24:46,680
WEATHER ADVERSITY AND BE ABLE TO

7612
05:24:46,680 --> 05:24:48,600
ADAPT TO CHANGE AND NEED 

7613
05:24:48,600 --> 05:24:50,360
EFFECTIVE RESOURCES AND TOOLS TO

7614
05:24:50,360 --> 05:24:58,120
BE ABLE TO DO SO.  

7615
05:24:58,120 --> 05:25:00,480
THINKING ABOUT CURRENT 

7616
05:25:00,480 --> 05:25:01,920
STRATEGIES THERAPIES BUILT UPON 

7617
05:25:01,920 --> 05:25:03,960
FOUNDATION OF RESILIENCE HELPS 

7618
05:25:03,960 --> 05:25:06,360
IMPROVE PAIN OUTCOMES IN 

7619
05:25:06,360 --> 05:25:08,400
ORGANIZATIONS WE ARE WORKING 

7620
05:25:08,400 --> 05:25:09,960
WITH AND HELP MITIGATE RISK FOR 

7621
05:25:09,960 --> 05:25:13,000
CHRONIC PAIN. 

7622
05:25:13,000 --> 05:25:15,280
SO, BEFORE WE TRANSITION TO THE 

7623
05:25:15,280 --> 05:25:17,320
NEXT SPEAKER I WANT TO 

7624
05:25:17,320 --> 05:25:18,800
ACKNOWLEDGE MY FUNDING RESOURCES

7625
05:25:18,800 --> 05:25:20,600
AND AMAZING PEOPLE THAT I WORK 

7626
05:25:20,600 --> 05:25:23,080
WITH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 

7627
05:25:23,080 --> 05:25:25,000
FLORIDA IN MY LABORATORY AND, 

7628
05:25:25,000 --> 05:25:30,360
AGAIN, BIG THANK YOU TO NIH PAIN

7629
05:25:30,360 --> 05:25:30,880
CONSORTIUM. 

7630
05:25:30,880 --> 05:25:35,360
THANK YOU.  

7631
05:25:35,360 --> 05:25:37,280
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
SO MUCH

7632
05:25:37,280 --> 05:25:41,520
FOR THE EXCITING TALK AND FOR 

7633
05:25:41,520 --> 05:25:43,960
HIGHLIGHTING OF THE 

7634
05:25:43,960 --> 05:25:46,520
OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERAND 

7635
05:25:46,520 --> 05:25:48,360
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH OF 

7636
05:25:48,360 --> 05:25:48,640
RESILIENCE. 

7637
05:25:48,640 --> 05:25:50,440
THIS IS REALLY GREAT AND I WOULD

7638
05:25:50,440 --> 05:25:52,200
LIKE TO ENCOURAGE EVERYBODY TO 

7639
05:25:52,200 --> 05:25:54,400
THINK ABOUT THE QUESTIONS FOR 

7640
05:25:54,400 --> 05:25:58,080
OUR SPEAKER AND WE WILL TAKE ALL

7641
05:25:58,080 --> 05:26:03,720
OF THE QUESTIONS AT Q & A AT
THE

7642
05:26:03,720 --> 05:26:05,600
END OF THE SESSION. 

7643
05:26:05,600 --> 05:26:07,880
NEXT SPEAKER'S NAME WAS 

7644
05:26:07,880 --> 05:26:09,680
MENTIONED ACTUALLY SEVERAL TIMES

7645
05:26:09,680 --> 05:26:12,720
DURING THE KEYNOTE AND PLEASURE 

7646
05:26:12,720 --> 05:26:19,000
TO INTRODUCE KIM SIBILLE IN 

7647
05:26:19,000 --> 05:26:21,880
DIVISION OF PAIN MEDICINE.  

7648
05:26:21,880 --> 05:26:25,840
I'M SO SORRY OKAY.  DR. SIBILLE 

7649
05:26:25,840 --> 05:26:28,240
WILL BE THE LAST BUT NOT LEAST 

7650
05:26:28,240 --> 05:26:31,320
SPEAKER AND DEFINITELY IS A BIG,

7651
05:26:31,320 --> 05:26:35,160
BIG PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE LUDA 

7652
05:26:35,160 --> 05:26:36,920
WHO IS A CANDIDATE RESEARCH HERE

7653
05:26:36,920 --> 05:26:40,840
IN HUMAN PAIN GENETICS AT MCGILL

7654
05:26:40,840 --> 05:26:42,840
UNIVERSITY AND CENTER FOR 

7655
05:26:42,840 --> 05:26:45,240
RESEARCH AND PAIN AND HAS MD AND

7656
05:26:45,240 --> 05:26:48,360
PHD IN FIELD OF MOLECULAR 

7657
05:26:48,360 --> 05:26:50,360
BIOLOGY AND FROM THE RUSSIAN 

7658
05:26:50,360 --> 05:26:52,400
STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY AND HER

7659
05:26:52,400 --> 05:26:54,680
RESEARCH IS FOCUSED ON 

7660
05:26:54,680 --> 05:26:56,920
DETERMINING THAT MOLECULAR 

7661
05:26:56,920 --> 05:26:58,800
MECHANISMS UNDERLINE HUMAN PAIN 

7662
05:26:58,800 --> 05:27:00,280
STATES AND DEVELOPMENT OF 

7663
05:27:00,280 --> 05:27:01,680
CHRONIC PAIN CONDITIONS AND 

7664
05:27:01,680 --> 05:27:03,680
ENABLING NEW APPROACHES TO 

7665
05:27:03,680 --> 05:27:05,760
IDENTIFYING NEW DRUG TARGETS AND

7666
05:27:05,760 --> 05:27:09,360
TREATMENT RESPONSES TO 

7667
05:27:09,360 --> 05:27:11,560
ANALGESICS AND DIAGNOSTICS AND 

7668
05:27:11,560 --> 05:27:13,960
HAVE A RICH HISTORY OF 

7669
05:27:13,960 --> 05:27:15,680
COLLABORATION AND IS MY DEFINITE

7670
05:27:15,680 --> 05:27:22,280
PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE LUDA. 

7671
05:27:22,280 --> 05:27:24,200
>>HELLO.  THANK YOU VERY
MUCH 

7672
05:27:24,200 --> 05:27:29,440
FOR BEING HERE.  SO, I WILL -- 

7673
05:27:29,440 --> 05:27:35,120
HM.  

7674
05:27:35,120 --> 05:27:39,600
OKAY.  SO, I WILL TALK ABOUT 

7675
05:27:39,600 --> 05:27:42,480
TRANSLATIONAL APPROACHES TO 

7676
05:27:42,480 --> 05:27:46,960
START MECHANISMS UNDERLYING PAIN

7677
05:27:46,960 --> 05:27:48,200
RESISTANCE IN PAIN RESOLUTION 

7678
05:27:48,200 --> 05:27:55,000
AND TALK WILL BE IN LINE WITH 

7679
05:27:55,000 --> 05:27:58,920
[INDISCERNIBLE] ON VERY, VERY 

7680
05:27:58,920 --> 05:28:08,240
MOLECULAR AND GENETIC LEVEL. 

7681
05:28:08,240 --> 05:28:12,080
OKAY.  I WOULD LIKE TO MENTION 

7682
05:28:12,080 --> 05:28:14,880
THIS COMPANY THAT I WILL CONSULT

7683
05:28:14,880 --> 05:28:17,280
AND HAVE AN IMPLICATION WITH ONE

7684
05:28:17,280 --> 05:28:18,120
[INDISCERNIBLE] AGAIN. 

7685
05:28:18,120 --> 05:28:20,440
I DON'T DISCUSS ANY PRODUCT OF 

7686
05:28:20,440 --> 05:28:22,640
THE COMPANY TODAY. 

7687
05:28:22,640 --> 05:28:28,160
BUT, AGAIN, I WOULD LIKE TO 

7688
05:28:28,160 --> 05:28:30,080
MENTION THAT WE SUBMIT PATENT 

7689
05:28:30,080 --> 05:28:33,160
APPLICATION FOR THIS GENERAL 

7690
05:28:33,160 --> 05:28:36,360
IDEA OF ENHANCED INFLAMMATORY 

7691
05:28:36,360 --> 05:28:37,600
RESPONSE THAT TRIGGERS 

7692
05:28:37,600 --> 05:28:40,200
RESOLUTION AND IS SOMETHING I 

7693
05:28:40,200 --> 05:28:43,480
WILL TALK TODAY ABOUT.  

7694
05:28:43,480 --> 05:28:52,160
SO, I'M A JEANETTE SIFRT R- SYST

7695
05:28:52,160 --> 05:28:57,680
-- GENETICIST. 

7696
05:28:57,680 --> 05:29:00,320
I WILL START MY JOURNEY USING 

7697
05:29:00,320 --> 05:29:02,360
HUMAN DATA AND IN THIS STORY I 

7698
05:29:02,360 --> 05:29:07,520
WOULD LIKE TO TELL YOU TODAY I 

7699
05:29:07,520 --> 05:29:12,240
START FROM HUMAN IN THIS 

7700
05:29:12,240 --> 05:29:13,800
GENOMEWIDE TRANSCRIPTOMICS DATA.

7701
05:29:13,800 --> 05:29:18,040
IT THIS DATA WAS FROM A COHORT 

7702
05:29:18,040 --> 05:29:24,000
THAT HAS BEEN -- LET ME SEE IF I

7703
05:29:24,000 --> 05:29:33,720
SHOW IT. 

7704
05:29:33,720 --> 05:29:33,960
SORRY. 

7705
05:29:33,960 --> 05:29:35,960
>>YOU CAN OPEN THIS RIGHT
HERE.

7706
05:29:35,960 --> 05:29:37,560
WHY IS IT NOT DOING IT. 

7707
05:29:37,560 --> 05:29:42,800
>>SORRY YES.  COHORT WAS
FROM 

7708
05:29:42,800 --> 05:29:44,760
ITALY.  

7709
05:29:44,760 --> 05:29:45,960
WAS BY [INDISCERNIBLE] FROM 

7710
05:29:45,960 --> 05:29:49,400
PARMA UNIVERSITY AND WE HAD 

7711
05:29:49,400 --> 05:29:53,120
PEOPLE WITH ACUTE BACK PAIN.  

7712
05:29:53,120 --> 05:29:55,320
SOME PEOPLE IN THREE MONTHS 

7713
05:29:55,320 --> 05:29:57,520
RESOLVED PAIN AND SOME DIDN'T; 

7714
05:29:57,520 --> 05:29:58,120
RIGHT?  

7715
05:29:58,120 --> 05:30:01,720
SO, WE CALLED THEM RESOLVERS IN 

7716
05:30:01,720 --> 05:30:04,160
PERSISTENT GROUP. 

7717
05:30:04,160 --> 05:30:09,040
WE HAD BLOOD FROM THE PEOPLE. 

7718
05:30:09,040 --> 05:30:13,000
WE LOOKED AT DIFFERENTIAL 

7719
05:30:13,000 --> 05:30:16,160
EXPRESSION AND IS RESULTS AND 

7720
05:30:16,160 --> 05:30:18,040
THESE PLOTS AND IF YOU NEVER 

7721
05:30:18,040 --> 05:30:21,880
LOOK AT GENOMEWIDE 

7722
05:30:21,880 --> 05:30:23,080
TRANSCRIPTOMICS DATA DON'T WORRY

7723
05:30:23,080 --> 05:30:26,280
I WILL TAKE YOU THAT IS A LITTLE

7724
05:30:26,280 --> 05:30:28,920
EASY AS A POINTER AND WILL BE 

7725
05:30:28,920 --> 05:30:32,920
MANAGED TO DO THIS AND THIS 

7726
05:30:32,920 --> 05:30:34,960
ANALYSIS HAS BEEN DONE BY MARK 

7727
05:30:34,960 --> 05:30:37,960
WHO IS IN THE RIGHT UPPER 

7728
05:30:37,960 --> 05:30:39,800
CORNER.  WE DID DIFFERENT 

7729
05:30:39,800 --> 05:30:42,760
ANALYSIS IN TERMS OF DIFFERENT 

7730
05:30:42,760 --> 05:30:44,680
GENE EXPRESSION AND IN -- SO, 

7731
05:30:44,680 --> 05:30:48,600
HERE, WHAT YOU SEE IN THE 

7732
05:30:48,600 --> 05:30:55,160
QUADRANT IS THIS ANALYSIS GENE 

7733
05:30:55,160 --> 05:31:05,320
EXPRES

7734
05:31:09,480 --> 05:31:09,720
EXPRESSION. 

7735
05:31:14,440 --> 05:31:14,560
MY. 

7736
05:31:14,560 --> 05:31:25,240
EVERYTHING THAT IS PIFSHG -- 

7737
05:31:25,240 --> 05:31:25,960
WHAT IS MOST [INDISCERNIBLE] 

7738
05:31:25,960 --> 05:31:28,960
HERE IS COMPARISON OF TRANSCRIPT

7739
05:31:28,960 --> 05:31:31,680
OHMS CHANGE OVER TIME.  I THINK 

7740
05:31:31,680 --> 05:31:35,400
THAT I WAS VERY HAPPY TO HEAR 

7741
05:31:35,400 --> 05:31:37,680
TODAY DURING THE DAY THIS MANTRA

7742
05:31:37,680 --> 05:31:41,720
OF TIME THAT HAS CHANGED AND IS 

7743
05:31:41,720 --> 05:31:43,520
RESPONSE AND WHAT WE SAW.  YOU 

7744
05:31:43,520 --> 05:31:48,160
SEE, IN PEOPLE WITH PERSISTENT 

7745
05:31:48,160 --> 05:31:50,720
PAIN P OVER THREE MONTHS NOTHING

7746
05:31:50,720 --> 05:31:53,800
CHANGED AND IS NOTHING CHANGE 

7747
05:31:53,800 --> 05:32:04,280
AND IS ALL NEW BLACK LINE. 

7748
05:32:20,600 --> 05:32:23,680
THE GENES TRANSCRIBED IN BLOOD 

7749
05:32:23,680 --> 05:32:26,400
CHANGE EXPRESSION IN PEOPLE THAT

7750
05:32:26,400 --> 05:32:29,080
RESOLVE BLOOD PAIN AND YOU DON'T

7751
05:32:29,080 --> 05:32:32,960
HAVE TO BE GENETICISTS TO SEE 

7752
05:32:32,960 --> 05:32:38,280
WHERE ACTION IS.  

7753
05:32:38,280 --> 05:32:39,880
YOU SEE A CHRISTMAS TREE ON 

7754
05:32:39,880 --> 05:32:41,840
RIGHT FOR PEOPLE THAT RESOLVE 

7755
05:32:41,840 --> 05:32:42,720
PAIN AND THAT IS A HUGE 

7756
05:32:42,720 --> 05:32:44,640
REVOLUTION THAT IS LOOKING FOR 

7757
05:32:44,640 --> 05:32:46,920
DATA A FEW MONTHS AND MAIN 

7758
05:32:46,920 --> 05:32:50,360
QUESTION I ASK FOR MYSELF WHY 

7759
05:32:50,360 --> 05:32:54,680
I'M SO CONFUSED. 

7760
05:32:54,680 --> 05:32:58,000
DATA IS CLEAR AND I THOUGHT 

7761
05:32:58,000 --> 05:33:00,600
ABOUT PAIN AS ACTIVE 

7762
05:33:00,600 --> 05:33:02,920
PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS AND NEED TO

7763
05:33:02,920 --> 05:33:04,560
FIND ACTIVE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS

7764
05:33:04,560 --> 05:33:07,080
AND NEED TO FIND GENE AND FIND 

7765
05:33:07,080 --> 05:33:11,080
GENE TARGET THAT WE REVEAL IN 

7766
05:33:11,080 --> 05:33:13,280
[INDISCERN

7767
05:33:13,280 --> 05:33:13,680
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

7768
05:33:13,680 --> 05:33:17,240
DATA SUGGESTS IT IS NOT LIKE 

7769
05:33:17,240 --> 05:33:19,200
THIS PEOPLE RESOLVING PAIN HAVE 

7770
05:33:19,200 --> 05:33:22,240
ALL THIS ACTION AROUND 

7771
05:33:22,240 --> 05:33:24,360
RESOLUTION.  

7772
05:33:24,360 --> 05:33:26,360
WHEN YOU HAVE GENES ALSO IT 

7773
05:33:26,360 --> 05:33:27,760
DOESN'T SEEM TO MAKE SENSE TO 

7774
05:33:27,760 --> 05:33:30,360
LOOK AT WHAT IS THE GENE, WHICH 

7775
05:33:30,360 --> 05:33:33,120
GENE?  

7776
05:33:33,120 --> 05:33:37,680
WE NEED TO LOOK AT IF WE CAN 

7777
05:33:37,680 --> 05:33:42,040
COMBINE THIS DATA IN TYPE OF BIG

7778
05:33:42,040 --> 05:33:43,520
[INDISCERNIBLE] BIOLOGICAL 

7779
05:33:43,520 --> 05:33:45,680
PATHWAYS AND BH WE DID THIS MOST

7780
05:33:45,680 --> 05:33:47,240
SIGNIFICANT FROM SPECIFIC 

7781
05:33:47,240 --> 05:33:49,280
PATHWAY WAS MANY, MANY PATHWAYS 

7782
05:33:49,280 --> 05:33:52,160
ACTUALLY AND YOU SEE LOTS OF 

7783
05:33:52,160 --> 05:33:53,720
PROCESSES AGAIN IN IMMUNE SYSTEM

7784
05:33:53,720 --> 05:33:55,520
FROM PEOPLE THAT RESOLVE PAIN 

7785
05:33:55,520 --> 05:33:59,080
AND MOST -- OKAY.  YEAH.  I 

7786
05:33:59,080 --> 05:34:00,160
FORGOT. 

7787
05:34:00,160 --> 05:34:01,960
SO, THE MOST SIGNIFICANT 

7788
05:34:01,960 --> 05:34:05,800
SPECIFIC PATHWAY WE SAW WAS 

7789
05:34:05,800 --> 05:34:06,280
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE. 

7790
05:34:06,280 --> 05:34:10,440
IN NEAR INFLAMMATION AND ACUTE 

7791
05:34:10,440 --> 05:34:13,440
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND ACUTE 

7792
05:34:13,440 --> 05:34:15,880
STAGE BETWEEN PEOPLE THAT 

7793
05:34:15,880 --> 05:34:17,440
RESOLVE AND NOT RESOLVE PAIN AND

7794
05:34:17,440 --> 05:34:19,480
AGAIN IS VERY CONFUSING AND WHY 

7795
05:34:19,480 --> 05:34:23,240
IT WAS CONFUSING IS PEOPLE THAT 

7796
05:34:23,240 --> 05:34:27,400
RESOLVE PAIN HAVE HIGH 

7797
05:34:27,400 --> 05:34:29,120
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN ACUTE 

7798
05:34:29,120 --> 05:34:29,440
STAGE. 

7799
05:34:29,440 --> 05:34:33,320
WE ALWAYS THINK -- I MEAN, I 

7800
05:34:33,320 --> 05:34:35,880
ALWAYS THOUGHT AND WE DO 

7801
05:34:35,880 --> 05:34:37,240
DIFFERENTLY AND THINK CHRONIC 

7802
05:34:37,240 --> 05:34:40,600
PAIN IS CHRONIC INFLAMMATION. 

7803
05:34:40,600 --> 05:34:42,640
SO, INFLAMMATION IS BAD AND WE 

7804
05:34:42,640 --> 05:34:45,320
NEED TO INHIBIT INFLAMMATION AND

7805
05:34:45,320 --> 05:34:47,760
ALL OF A SUDDEN WE SEE THAT IT 

7806
05:34:47,760 --> 05:34:50,400
IS PEOPLE THAT RESOLVE PAIN AND 

7807
05:34:50,400 --> 05:34:52,520
UPREGULATION OF ACUTE 

7808
05:34:52,520 --> 05:34:53,880
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE THAT THEN 

7809
05:34:53,880 --> 05:34:55,640
GOES DOWN THAT IS THREE ON VERY 

7810
05:34:55,640 --> 05:34:57,320
RIGHT AND IS GOING DOWN VERY 

7811
05:34:57,320 --> 05:35:00,560
QUICKLY AND BY THREE MONTHS AND,

7812
05:35:00,560 --> 05:35:03,520
AGAIN, NOTHING HAPPEN IN PEOPLE 

7813
05:35:03,520 --> 05:35:07,480
THAT DON'T RESOLVE PAIN. 

7814
05:35:07,480 --> 05:35:12,360
SO, THEN IT WAS ALSO VERY 

7815
05:35:12,360 --> 05:35:15,840
INTERESTING WHEN WE LOOK. 

7816
05:35:15,840 --> 05:35:16,040
OKAY. 

7817
05:35:16,040 --> 05:35:18,400
BUT SOME CHANGES TO PEOPLE THAT 

7818
05:35:18,400 --> 05:35:21,160
DON'T RESOLVE PAIN AND WE KNOW 

7819
05:35:21,160 --> 05:35:24,520
IT IS [INDISCERNIBLE] PEOPLE; 

7820
05:35:24,520 --> 05:35:25,160
RIGHT?  

7821
05:35:25,160 --> 05:35:30,720
ABOVE AND IN 4 BELOW AND 4 AND 

7822
05:35:30,720 --> 05:35:33,800
REALLY CONTINUOUS. 

7823
05:35:33,800 --> 05:35:35,720
PEOPLE THAT RESOLVE PAIN DOING 

7824
05:35:35,720 --> 05:35:38,160
SOMETHING THAT IS ABSOLUTELY 

7825
05:35:38,160 --> 05:35:39,920
DIFFERENT FROM THEIR BLOOD AND 

7826
05:35:39,920 --> 05:35:42,480
THOSE THAT DON'T RESOLVE PAIN OR

7827
05:35:42,480 --> 05:35:45,880
IS ORDER OF MAGNITUDE OR 

7828
05:35:45,880 --> 05:35:48,240
DIFFERENTIATE THEM AND ACTUALLY 

7829
05:35:48,240 --> 05:35:49,720
IN THIS SLIDE IT IS NOT OBVIOUS 

7830
05:35:49,720 --> 05:35:52,040
AND WHAT WE DID HERE IS 

7831
05:35:52,040 --> 05:35:54,840
CORRELATED PATHWAY OF THE PEOPLE

7832
05:35:54,840 --> 05:35:57,360
THAT RESOLVE PAIN AND DIDN'T 

7833
05:35:57,360 --> 05:36:00,840
RESOLVE PAIN OVER THREE MONTHS 

7834
05:36:00,840 --> 05:36:04,440
AND LOW LEFT CORNER TELLS YOU 

7835
05:36:04,440 --> 05:36:07,560
THAT THIS PATHWAY IS CONTINUE 

7836
05:36:07,560 --> 05:36:10,200
THIS GROUP CORRELATING VERY HIGH

7837
05:36:10,200 --> 05:36:11,720
AND VERY LOW AND [INDISCERNIBLE]

7838
05:36:11,720 --> 05:36:15,200
THAT IS .42.  IN OTHER WORDS, 

7839
05:36:15,200 --> 05:36:16,400
YES.  PEOPLE THAT DON'T RESOLVE 

7840
05:36:16,400 --> 05:36:19,960
PAIN ARE ALSO TRYING TO DO SAME 

7841
05:36:19,960 --> 05:36:20,200
THINGS. 

7842
05:36:20,200 --> 05:36:22,240
THEN WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE?  

7843
05:36:22,240 --> 05:36:23,720
DIFFERENCE IS IN ORDER OF 

7844
05:36:23,720 --> 05:36:25,200
MAGNITUDE THAT IS WHY WE DON'T 

7845
05:36:25,200 --> 05:36:27,440
SEE ANYTHING IN THE BLOOD OF THE

7846
05:36:27,440 --> 05:36:30,320
PEOPLE THAT ARE PERSISTENT NOT 

7847
05:36:30,320 --> 05:36:31,800
BECAUSE NOTHING HAPPENED BUT 

7848
05:36:31,800 --> 05:36:33,080
THEY DON'T CROSS SIGNIFICANT 

7849
05:36:33,080 --> 05:36:33,280
LINES. 

7850
05:36:33,280 --> 05:36:38,360
SO, ALL OF THE PROCESS IS VERY 

7851
05:36:38,360 --> 05:36:42,360
LOW OR VERY LOAF MAGNITUDE OF 

7852
05:36:42,360 --> 05:36:47,560
RESPONSE AND CAN CALCULATE.  

7853
05:36:47,560 --> 05:36:49,360
GOLDEN LINE IN LOW LEFT GRAPH IS

7854
05:36:49,360 --> 05:36:51,600
THE KIND OF IDEAL CORRELATION 

7855
05:36:51,600 --> 05:36:55,080
AND REAL CORRELATION IS MAGENTA 

7856
05:36:55,080 --> 05:36:56,960
LINE AND DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM

7857
05:36:56,960 --> 05:36:57,720
IS 30-FOLD. 

7858
05:36:57,720 --> 05:36:58,840
ALL RIGHT?  

7859
05:36:58,840 --> 05:37:03,200
SO, IT IS INTENSITY. 

7860
05:37:03,200 --> 05:37:06,160
SO, WE, YOU KNOW, I WILL SKIP A 

7861
05:37:06,160 --> 05:37:10,120
LOT OF DETAIL AND RESULTS AND WE

7862
05:37:10,120 --> 05:37:13,000
HAD ANOTHER COHORT THAT WAS 

7863
05:37:13,000 --> 05:37:17,520
FACIAL PAIN AND HAS ACUTE AND 

7864
05:37:17,520 --> 05:37:20,920
CHRONIC PAIN AND ACUTE TEAM D 

7865
05:37:20,920 --> 05:37:22,080
PATIENT THAT WAS [INDISCERNIBLE]

7866
05:37:22,080 --> 05:37:25,720
FOR SIX MONTHS AND WE ALSO HAVE 

7867
05:37:25,720 --> 05:37:27,160
CONTROL IN VERY CHRONIC PATIENT 

7868
05:37:27,160 --> 05:37:31,120
AND WE FINALLY CAME UP WITH A 

7869
05:37:31,120 --> 05:37:34,720
MODEL THAT IS THIS. 

7870
05:37:34,720 --> 05:37:40,240
SO, IN ACUTE STAGE, THOSE WHO 

7871
05:37:40,240 --> 05:37:41,480
UPREGULATE INFLAMMATORY 

7872
05:37:41,480 --> 05:37:45,440
RESPONSE, THEY TRIGGER MULTIPLE 

7873
05:37:45,440 --> 05:37:48,680
EVENTS INCLUDING DOWNREGULATION 

7874
05:37:48,680 --> 05:37:50,520
OF INFLAMMATION AND THEN THERE 

7875
05:37:50,520 --> 05:37:56,400
ARE PEOPLE THAT ARE GOING IN 

7876
05:37:56,400 --> 05:38:01,720
ANTIINFLAMMATORY RESPONSE BEYOND

7877
05:38:01,720 --> 05:38:04,240
BASELINE AND HAVE STRONG 

7878
05:38:04,240 --> 05:38:07,560
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND 

7879
05:38:07,560 --> 05:38:10,240
SUBJECT THAT WON'T RESOLVE PAIN 

7880
05:38:10,240 --> 05:38:11,000
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND ACUTE 

7881
05:38:11,000 --> 05:38:12,560
STAGE WAS VERY LOW AND NOT 

7882
05:38:12,560 --> 05:38:13,960
RESPONSIVE; RIGHT SF. 

7883
05:38:13,960 --> 05:38:18,160
I HEARD TODAY A LOT OF TIME THE 

7884
05:38:18,160 --> 05:38:21,040
WORD DYNAMIC MARKERS AND LOVE 

7885
05:38:21,040 --> 05:38:24,400
DYNAMIC MARKERS THAT IS DYNAMIC 

7886
05:38:24,400 --> 05:38:25,320
RESPONSE THAT YOU NEED THOSE 

7887
05:38:25,320 --> 05:38:27,440
THAT DON'T HAVE DYNAMIC RESPONSE

7888
05:38:27,440 --> 05:38:29,040
HAVE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE THAT 

7889
05:38:29,040 --> 05:38:31,160
IS GRADUALLY INCREASING AND 

7890
05:38:31,160 --> 05:38:35,080
INCREASING INCREASING AND NEVER 

7891
05:38:35,080 --> 05:38:38,400
TRIGGER ANTIINFLAMMATORY 

7892
05:38:38,400 --> 05:38:40,240
RESPONSE IN ADAPTIVE RESPONSES 

7893
05:38:40,240 --> 05:38:42,320
AND OVER TIME WE SEE IN PATIENTS

7894
05:38:42,320 --> 05:38:45,120
THAT ARE REOCCURRING THEY HAVE 

7895
05:38:45,120 --> 05:38:48,560
LOW GRADE INFLAMMATION. 

7896
05:38:48,560 --> 05:38:49,680
SO, BUT EVERY TIME WHEN WE WALK,

7897
05:38:49,680 --> 05:38:53,360
IT THIS IS A PROBLEM WORKING 

7898
05:38:53,360 --> 05:38:55,520
WITH HUMAN SAMPLES AND WHEN YOU 

7899
05:38:55,520 --> 05:38:57,360
DO THAT YOU CAN MAKE HYPOTHESIS 

7900
05:38:57,360 --> 05:38:59,080
THAT IS ACTUALLY ALL CORRELATION

7901
05:38:59,080 --> 05:39:02,080
AND HOW YOU CAN BE SURE ABOUT 

7902
05:39:02,080 --> 05:39:04,120
CAUSATION.  

7903
05:39:04,120 --> 05:39:08,600
WELL, THIS IS WHAT OUR ANIMAL IS

7904
05:39:08,600 --> 05:39:08,800
FOR. 

7905
05:39:08,800 --> 05:39:13,920
SO, WE CAN MANIPULATE ANIMAL AND

7906
05:39:13,920 --> 05:39:17,880
CHECK OUT HYPOTHESIS AND NEXT 

7907
05:39:17,880 --> 05:39:22,240
POINT WILL BE ANIMAL MECHANISTIC

7908
05:39:22,240 --> 05:39:30,360
STUDY AND THIS STARTED WITH -- 

7909
05:39:30,360 --> 05:39:31,360
THIS STARTED WITH 

7910
05:39:31,360 --> 05:39:32,360
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND MANY KNOW 

7911
05:39:32,360 --> 05:39:34,360
HIM AND THIS UNIVERSITY WE HAVE 

7912
05:39:34,360 --> 05:39:38,000
IN LUNCH AND TELLING HIM ABOUT 

7913
05:39:38,000 --> 05:39:39,200
ALL THESE RESULTS AND JEFF TELL 

7914
05:39:39,200 --> 05:39:43,280
ME NO, NO, NO. 

7915
05:39:43,280 --> 05:39:45,800
WHAT YOU ARE TELLING ME IS 

7916
05:39:45,800 --> 05:39:47,240
INFLAMMATION IS GOOD IN ACUTE 

7917
05:39:47,240 --> 05:39:50,080
STAGE THAT WE CAN INHIBIT IT. 

7918
05:39:50,080 --> 05:39:53,400
IT CAN'T BE BECAUSE ALL OF US 

7919
05:39:53,400 --> 05:39:58,240
FOR [INDISCERNIBLE]; RIGHT?  

7920
05:39:58,240 --> 05:39:59,520
INHIBITORY INFLAMMATION WITH 

7921
05:39:59,520 --> 05:40:02,160
[INDISCERNIBLE] AND IS 

7922
05:40:02,160 --> 05:40:05,320
ANELGEEZIC THAT WE KNOW IS 

7923
05:40:05,320 --> 05:40:07,360
ANALGESIC AND JEFF SAID HOW LONG

7924
05:40:07,360 --> 05:40:09,800
DO WE WATCH MICE?  DON'T WATCH 

7925
05:40:09,800 --> 05:40:12,040
THEM FOLLOWING TIME. 

7926
05:40:12,040 --> 05:40:14,360
LET'S DO EXPERIMENT VERY EASY 

7927
05:40:14,360 --> 05:40:18,360
AND OKAY.  JEFF AND LUKUS IS 

7928
05:40:18,360 --> 05:40:20,080
POST DOC; RIGHT?  

7929
05:40:20,080 --> 05:40:21,560
WHERE I AM?  

7930
05:40:21,560 --> 05:40:24,080
OKAY.  SORRY THEY DO THIS VERY 

7931
05:40:24,080 --> 05:40:25,640
FIRST -- THEY DID FIRST 

7932
05:40:25,640 --> 05:40:26,280
EXPERIMENT WITH [INDISCERNIBLE] 

7933
05:40:26,280 --> 05:40:28,280
AND WE DID ACTUALLY MANY, MANY 

7934
05:40:28,280 --> 05:40:31,560
OTHER MODELS AND RESULT WAS 

7935
05:40:31,560 --> 05:40:33,560
SAME. 

7936
05:40:33,560 --> 05:40:36,480
CREATING ACUTE INFLAMMATION IN 

7937
05:40:36,480 --> 05:40:38,360
MOUSE AND YOU TREAT ANIMAL FOR 

7938
05:40:38,360 --> 05:40:42,360
SIX DAYS WITH DECHLA METAZONE 

7939
05:40:42,360 --> 05:40:45,880
AND MEASURE OVER TIME THE 

7940
05:40:45,880 --> 05:40:48,600
SENSITIVITY TO NOXIOUS STIMULUS.

7941
05:40:48,600 --> 05:40:52,320
SO, THIS WAS -- THIS WAS THE 

7942
05:40:52,320 --> 05:40:54,600
RESULTS ON THE LEFT. 

7943
05:40:54,600 --> 05:40:58,560
HERE, YOU SEE DECHLA METAZONE 

7944
05:40:58,560 --> 05:41:01,720
LINE IS BLACK QUADRANT AND SALON

7945
05:41:01,720 --> 05:41:04,480
LINE IS OPEN CIRCLE AND OKAY 

7946
05:41:04,480 --> 05:41:08,080
THIS IS A SAFE WAY TO CREATE 

7947
05:41:08,080 --> 05:41:11,560
INFLAMMATORY PAIN MODEL AND MICE

7948
05:41:11,560 --> 05:41:14,360
GET [INDISCERNIBLE] AND DEVELOP 

7949
05:41:14,360 --> 05:41:18,400
HYPER ALGEEZIA AND OPEN CIRCLED 

7950
05:41:18,400 --> 05:41:20,880
IN BLUE QUADRANT AND BECOME 

7951
05:41:20,880 --> 05:41:23,000
SENSITIVE TO NOXIOUS STIMULI AND

7952
05:41:23,000 --> 05:41:27,040
IN 21 DAY THEY ARE FINE AND 

7953
05:41:27,040 --> 05:41:29,280
COMPLETELY RESOLVE AND MICE WHO 

7954
05:41:29,280 --> 05:41:33,680
RECEIVE DECHLA METAZONE ARE 

7955
05:41:33,680 --> 05:41:35,000
ANALGESIC IMMEDIATELY AND YOU 

7956
05:41:35,000 --> 05:41:37,320
SEE QUADRANT THAT IS MUCH HIGHER

7957
05:41:37,320 --> 05:41:39,480
AND THEN IT SWITCH.  YOU KNOW, 

7958
05:41:39,480 --> 05:41:41,840
WE DON'T TREAT THEM ANYMORE AND 

7959
05:41:41,840 --> 05:41:45,240
WE JUST WATCHING THEM AND THEY 

7960
05:41:45,240 --> 05:41:47,360
DEVELOP THIS FLU EFFECT FOR LONG

7961
05:41:47,360 --> 05:41:50,760
TIME AND TOOK THEM 140 DAYS TO 

7962
05:41:50,760 --> 05:41:51,200
COME BACK. 

7963
05:41:51,200 --> 05:41:57,680
YOU SEE 21 DAYS VERSUS 140 DAYS.

7964
05:41:57,680 --> 05:42:01,160
SO, LIKE I SAID, THIS IS -- WE 

7965
05:42:01,160 --> 05:42:04,880
DID IT FOR ANY OTHER -- FOR MANY

7966
05:42:04,880 --> 05:42:07,320
OTHER MODELS AND [INDISCERNIBLE]

7967
05:42:07,320 --> 05:42:09,560
PAIN AND INDUCED LOW BACK PAIN 

7968
05:42:09,560 --> 05:42:15,480
AND POST-OP ITERATIVE PAIN AND A

7969
05:42:15,480 --> 05:42:18,160
FEW OTHERS THAT ALWAYS THE SAME 

7970
05:42:18,160 --> 05:42:20,720
AND AGAIN MANY EXPERIMENTS IN 

7971
05:42:20,720 --> 05:42:22,560
PAPER WE PUBLISH IN SCIENCE 

7972
05:42:22,560 --> 05:42:23,760
TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE LAST 

7973
05:42:23,760 --> 05:42:24,000
YEAR. 

7974
05:42:24,000 --> 05:42:26,440
SO, I WILL SHOW YOU ONE THAT I 

7975
05:42:26,440 --> 05:42:28,280
THINK IS IMPORTANT ALSO AND HOW 

7976
05:42:28,280 --> 05:42:30,280
ABOUT THE QUESTION THAT IS FIRST

7977
05:42:30,280 --> 05:42:32,880
OF ALL IS IT ONLY DECHLA 

7978
05:42:32,880 --> 05:42:34,400
METAZONE THAT IS REALLY 

7979
05:42:34,400 --> 05:42:36,440
INFLAMMATION AND SECOND THAT IS 

7980
05:42:36,440 --> 05:42:38,360
RELATED TO THIS SHOULDN'T 

7981
05:42:38,360 --> 05:42:41,400
INHIBIT INFLAMMATION OR PAIN 

7982
05:42:41,400 --> 05:42:44,680
THAT IS ADAPTIVE. 

7983
05:42:44,680 --> 05:42:48,720
WHAT LUKUS DID IS TOOK ALL MAJOR

7984
05:42:48,720 --> 05:42:53,800
DRUG PATHWAY ANALGESIC DRUG 

7985
05:42:53,800 --> 05:42:55,560
PATHWAY AND GABBA PEN CONTINUE 

7986
05:42:55,560 --> 05:42:59,520
AND BLOCKER CHANNELS AND 

7987
05:42:59,520 --> 05:43:09,680
MORPHINE.  IN MICE AND TREAT 

7988
05:43:09,680 --> 05:43:12,880
THEM FOR 6 DAYS AND ANSWER IS 

7989
05:43:12,880 --> 05:43:15,600
ONLY IN [INDISCERNIBLE] THAT IS 

7990
05:43:15,600 --> 05:43:20,880
GREEN LINE HERE THAT LEADS TO 

7991
05:43:20,880 --> 05:43:22,280
HYPERALGEEZIC STATE AND NONE OF 

7992
05:43:22,280 --> 05:43:29,080
THE OTHER ANALGESIC DRUGS. 

7993
05:43:29,080 --> 05:43:33,760
IN THIS PAPER LAST STEP WAS -- 

7994
05:43:33,760 --> 05:43:35,800
LOOK.  CAN WE FIND ANY EVIDENCE 

7995
05:43:35,800 --> 05:43:38,040
FOR EXISTING DATA SETS THAT 

7996
05:43:38,040 --> 05:43:42,360
BASICALLY WAS SAYING THAT WE 

7997
05:43:42,360 --> 05:43:47,960
NEED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND 

7998
05:43:47,960 --> 05:43:49,960
SHOULDN'T INHIBIT IT AND LOOK AT

7999
05:43:49,960 --> 05:43:57,320
EXISTING DATA AND LOOK AT UK 

8000
05:43:57,320 --> 05:43:59,280
BIOBANK HALF A MILLION PEOPLE 

8001
05:43:59,280 --> 05:44:01,840
AND DATA AND BIOBANK QUESTION IN

8002
05:44:01,840 --> 05:44:05,400
LAST FEW MONTHS HAVE YOU 

8003
05:44:05,400 --> 05:44:06,960
EXPERIENCED ANY FOLLOWING 

8004
05:44:06,960 --> 05:44:11,800
INTERFERE WITH USUAL ACTIVITY?  

8005
05:44:11,800 --> 05:44:12,920
THERE WAS A CHOICE OF 

8006
05:44:12,920 --> 05:44:13,880
[INDISCERNIBLE] SITE AND NEXT 

8007
05:44:13,880 --> 05:44:16,240
QUESTION DID YOU HAVE PAIN FOR 

8008
05:44:16,240 --> 05:44:19,120
MORE THAN THREE MONTHS?  

8009
05:44:19,120 --> 05:44:23,680
TAKING BACK PAIN PEOPLE 88,000 

8010
05:44:23,680 --> 05:44:26,320
AND WE SAID, OKAY.  THOSE THAT 

8011
05:44:26,320 --> 05:44:28,080
SAID YES I HAVE PAIN BUT IS LESS

8012
05:44:28,080 --> 05:44:38,360
THAN 3 MONTHS IS ACUTE PAIN, 

8013
05:44:38,360 --> 05:44:41,400
PEOPLE.  UK BIOBANK HAD -- 

8014
05:44:41,400 --> 05:44:45,000
BROUGHT MANY OF THEM 2 TO 6 

8015
05:44:45,000 --> 05:44:46,120
YEARS LATER AND WE ASK QUESTION 

8016
05:44:46,120 --> 05:44:49,640
IF BY THE WAY WE HAVE A DRUG USE

8017
05:44:49,640 --> 05:44:52,840
DATA IN UK BIOBANK AND IN USE OF

8018
05:44:52,840 --> 05:44:56,600
THE PARTICULAR DRUG AND ACUTE 

8019
05:44:56,600 --> 05:45:01,040
BACK PAIN STAGE EFFECT 

8020
05:45:01,040 --> 05:45:03,360
PROBABILITY OF PEOPLE STILL 

8021
05:45:03,360 --> 05:45:04,560
REPORTING CHRONIC BACK PAIN 2 TO

8022
05:45:04,560 --> 05:45:08,000
6 YEARS LATER. 

8023
05:45:08,000 --> 05:45:10,200
AND ANSWER WAS YES; RIGHT?  

8024
05:45:10,200 --> 05:45:12,080
IT WAS ACTUALLY IN 

8025
05:45:12,080 --> 05:45:14,360
[INDISCERNIBLE]. 

8026
05:45:14,360 --> 05:45:18,960
MODEL 1, WE -- WE TEST IF USE IS

8027
05:45:18,960 --> 05:45:23,120
VERSUS ANYTHING ELSE THAT WAS A 

8028
05:45:23,120 --> 05:45:26,400
RISK FOR [INDISCERNIBLE] -- FOR 

8029
05:45:26,400 --> 05:45:29,080
STILL REPORTING BACK PAIN AND 

8030
05:45:29,080 --> 05:45:31,600
CHRONIC BACK PAIN 2 TO 6 YEARS 

8031
05:45:31,600 --> 05:45:35,400
LATER AND ANSWER WAS -- WAS IT 

8032
05:45:35,400 --> 05:45:41,480
2.7 TIMES OR 1.7 TIMES MORE 

8033
05:45:41,480 --> 05:45:43,640
LIKELY VERY SIGNIFICANT?  

8034
05:45:43,640 --> 05:45:45,240
IT WASN'T TRUE FOR 

8035
05:45:45,240 --> 05:45:47,160
ANTIDEPRESSANT THAT IS MODEL 2 

8036
05:45:47,160 --> 05:45:49,400
AND 3 AND ONLY THREE DRUGS YOU 

8037
05:45:49,400 --> 05:45:52,680
HAD ENOUGH MORE THAN 10 PEOPLE 

8038
05:45:52,680 --> 05:45:57,680
AND THAT IS PER CATEGORY AND END

8039
05:45:57,680 --> 05:45:59,760
STATE SIGNIFICANT FULL MODEL AND

8040
05:45:59,760 --> 05:46:01,680
DRUG MODEL 4 AND IT IS 

8041
05:46:01,680 --> 05:46:05,160
CONTINUING ON CHANGE WHEN WE 

8042
05:46:05,160 --> 05:46:07,920
CONTROL ALSO FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL 

8043
05:46:07,920 --> 05:46:14,360
DISTRESS AND NUMBER OF PAIN 

8044
05:46:14,360 --> 05:46:15,120
SITES. 

8045
05:46:15,120 --> 05:46:17,440
AND SO IN THE LAST TWO SLIDES I 

8046
05:46:17,440 --> 05:46:20,600
ALSO WOULD LIKE TO SHOW YOU NOW 

8047
05:46:20,600 --> 05:46:21,080
NEW DATA. 

8048
05:46:21,080 --> 05:46:27,520
IT IS NOW RELATED TO HUMAN CELL 

8049
05:46:27,520 --> 05:46:30,080
STIMULATION STUDY AND DATA WE 

8050
05:46:30,080 --> 05:46:31,560
DIDN'T PUBLISH YET THAT WAS AN 

8051
05:46:31,560 --> 05:46:33,920
IDEA THAT WAS STIMULATED AND, 

8052
05:46:33,920 --> 05:46:35,280
OKAY.  IF WE NEED A RESPONSE AND

8053
05:46:35,280 --> 05:46:37,680
IF YOU NEED THE RESPONSE, THEN 

8054
05:46:37,680 --> 05:46:39,760
THAT DOESN'T MEAN PEOPLE WITH 

8055
05:46:39,760 --> 05:46:45,520
VERY CHRONIC PAIN, THEY HAVE 

8056
05:46:45,520 --> 05:46:47,280
IMPAIRED RESPONSE TO STIMULI 

8057
05:46:47,280 --> 05:46:49,680
THAT WAS A VERY SIMPLE IDEA 

8058
05:46:49,680 --> 05:46:51,560
TAKING NEWT TRA FILLS FROM 

8059
05:46:51,560 --> 05:46:54,720
ALREADY WE HAVE THIS DATA AND WE

8060
05:46:54,720 --> 05:46:58,320
ANALYZE IT WITH NEW IDEAS; 

8061
05:46:58,320 --> 05:46:59,160
RIGHT?  

8062
05:46:59,160 --> 05:47:01,880
WE HAD NEUTROPHILS COMBINED AND 

8063
05:47:01,880 --> 05:47:03,880
I DIDN'T TELL YOU INFLAMMATORY 

8064
05:47:03,880 --> 05:47:06,600
RESPONSE WILL SHOW YOU THIS 

8065
05:47:06,600 --> 05:47:09,280
VARIANCE THAT IS BY NEWT TRA 

8066
05:47:09,280 --> 05:47:10,880
FILLS THAT IS VERY FIRST STEP 

8067
05:47:10,880 --> 05:47:14,000
TAKING NEWT TRA FILLS FROM 

8068
05:47:14,000 --> 05:47:18,040
CONTROLLING INDIVIDUAL IN 

8069
05:47:18,040 --> 05:47:19,120
FIBROMYALGIA PATIENT STIMULATING

8070
05:47:19,120 --> 05:47:22,440
THAT AND SEE RESPONSE TO 

8071
05:47:22,440 --> 05:47:23,080
STIMULATION. 

8072
05:47:23,080 --> 05:47:25,040
AGAIN, YOU CAN GUESS AFTER ALL 

8073
05:47:25,040 --> 05:47:27,360
MY STORIES WHAT IS THE CONTROL 

8074
05:47:27,360 --> 05:47:31,440
AND WHERE IS FIBROMYALGIA 

8075
05:47:31,440 --> 05:47:33,560
PATIENTS; RIGHT?  

8076
05:47:33,560 --> 05:47:37,480
FIBROMYALGIA PATIENTS HAS A 

8077
05:47:37,480 --> 05:47:40,440
BLUNT RESPONSE TO STIMULATION 

8078
05:47:40,440 --> 05:47:42,920
AND THEY RESPONDED VERY BLUNT. 

8079
05:47:42,920 --> 05:47:47,440
THIS WAS DONE BY SAHILL WHO IS 

8080
05:47:47,440 --> 05:47:50,640
IN RIGHT CORNER. 

8081
05:47:50,640 --> 05:47:54,360
ONE MORE SLIDE IS THAT IT IS 

8082
05:47:54,360 --> 05:47:59,480
REALLY CROSS IN KNOWN MARKET TO 

8083
05:47:59,480 --> 05:48:03,760
TAKE BASICALLY ALL INFLAMMATORY 

8084
05:48:03,760 --> 05:48:05,960
MARKERS HERE INTERLEUKIN ONE 

8085
05:48:05,960 --> 05:48:10,800
BETA CNF YOU SEE ACTIVATED AND 

8086
05:48:10,800 --> 05:48:13,320
NONACTIVATED.  YES.  IN 

8087
05:48:13,320 --> 05:48:15,400
NONACTIVATED CELLS PERSISTENT 

8088
05:48:15,400 --> 05:48:19,920
PAIN IN FIBROMYALGIA PATIENT 

8089
05:48:19,920 --> 05:48:21,120
SUBJECT HAS HIGHER MARKERS AND 

8090
05:48:21,120 --> 05:48:22,640
IS SO LITTLE YOU DON'T SEE IT 

8091
05:48:22,640 --> 05:48:25,280
VERY WELL; RIGHT?  

8092
05:48:25,280 --> 05:48:26,920
YOU SEE THERE IS ALWAYS HIGHER 

8093
05:48:26,920 --> 05:48:29,280
THAT AFTER STIMULATION, THEY -- 

8094
05:48:29,280 --> 05:48:33,000
THEY DON'T RESPOND SO WELL. 

8095
05:48:33,000 --> 05:48:36,200
SO, THE LINES CROSS AND THEY CAN

8096
05:48:36,200 --> 05:48:38,840
RESPOND, YES. 

8097
05:48:38,840 --> 05:48:46,080
AND THIS IS NOW CHRONIC PAIN 

8098
05:48:46,080 --> 05:48:49,240
PATIENTS THIS IS FIBROMYALGIA 

8099
05:48:49,240 --> 05:48:51,120
AND CAN'T BE MORE CHRONIC.  THIS

8100
05:48:51,120 --> 05:48:56,120
IS -- I HAVE THIS DATA TOO. 

8101
05:48:56,120 --> 05:49:02,360
SORRY VERY -- WHAT THIS SHOWS IS

8102
05:49:02,360 --> 05:49:07,600
THIS WE HAVE DATA A FEW YEARS 

8103
05:49:07,600 --> 05:49:12,960
LATER WE ASK PEOPLE HOW THEY ARE

8104
05:49:12,960 --> 05:49:15,840
DOING AND DIFFERENCE HERE IS 

8105
05:49:15,840 --> 05:49:18,080
PEOPLE WITH PERSISTENT PATIENT 

8106
05:49:18,080 --> 05:49:22,680
AND FIBROMYALGIA PATIENT HAVE 

8107
05:49:22,680 --> 05:49:24,960
MORE BLUNT RESPONSE TO LPS THAN 

8108
05:49:24,960 --> 05:49:28,320
PEOPLE THAT ARE SIGNIFICANTLY 

8109
05:49:28,320 --> 05:49:37,360
BETTER AFTER 4 TO 5 YEARS THIS 

8110
05:49:37,360 --> 05:49:40,120
IS CHRONIC FIBROMYALGIA PATIENT 

8111
05:49:40,120 --> 05:49:42,240
AND THIS COHORT AND PEOPLE DOING

8112
05:49:42,240 --> 05:49:44,480
BETTER AND PEOPLE WHOSE 

8113
05:49:44,480 --> 05:49:47,120
NEUTROPHILS RESPOND BETTER TO 

8114
05:49:47,120 --> 05:49:47,440
STIMULATION. 

8115
05:49:47,440 --> 05:49:51,480
WITH THIS, I WANT TO LEAVE YOU 

8116
05:49:51,480 --> 05:49:55,880
WITH THIS FOR POINTS THAT FIRST 

8117
05:49:55,880 --> 05:49:59,000
THERE IS ACTIVE ADAPTIVE 

8118
05:49:59,000 --> 05:50:01,920
COMPONENT IN IMMUNE SYSTEM IN 

8119
05:50:01,920 --> 05:50:03,640
ACUTE PAIN TRANSITION NOT SAYING

8120
05:50:03,640 --> 05:50:05,480
IT IS ONLY INFLAMMATION BUT THAT

8121
05:50:05,480 --> 05:50:10,320
IS ONE OF THEM AND SIMILAR TO 

8122
05:50:10,320 --> 05:50:20,720
COMPONENT OF SYSTEM PAY 

8123
05:50:21,680 --> 05:50:22,960
CONTRIBUTE TO CHRONIC PAIN 

8124
05:50:22,960 --> 05:50:24,680
DISTRIBUTION AND ENHANCING 

8125
05:50:24,680 --> 05:50:26,360
RESPONSES IN CHRONIC PAIN 

8126
05:50:26,360 --> 05:50:28,040
DISTRIBUTION TRIGGERING 

8127
05:50:28,040 --> 05:50:34,320
RESOLUTION AND DATA AT LEAST 

8128
05:50:34,320 --> 05:50:37,280
MINE.  INHIBIT IN IXMUNL 

8129
05:50:37,280 --> 05:50:38,680
RESPONSES IMMUNE PHYSICAL INJURY

8130
05:50:38,680 --> 05:50:44,400
LEADING TO CHRONIC PAIN AND TOO 

8131
05:50:44,400 --> 05:50:46,360
PAGE CLINIFICATION OR FURTHER 

8132
05:50:46,360 --> 05:50:48,160
PAIN CLINIFICATION MIGHT BE MOST

8133
05:50:48,160 --> 05:50:50,000
IMPORTANT AND WHAT I INTERNALIZE

8134
05:50:50,000 --> 05:50:52,240
FROM ALL THIS WE MIGHT START TO 

8135
05:50:52,240 --> 05:50:54,760
TARGET ACTIVATION OF IMMUNE 

8136
05:50:54,760 --> 05:50:59,360
RESPONSE AND REACTIVATION OF 

8137
05:50:59,360 --> 05:51:01,400
IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PASH YENTSS 

8138
05:51:01,400 --> 05:51:06,360
INSTEAD OF INHIBITION OF SOME 

8139
05:51:06,360 --> 05:51:10,360
RESPONSES AS A TREATMENT. 

8140
05:51:10,360 --> 05:51:12,680
SO, I WANT TO THANK YOU VERY 

8141
05:51:12,680 --> 05:51:16,040
MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND ALL 

8142
05:51:16,040 --> 05:51:17,800
MY COLLEAGUES IN PAIN AND 

8143
05:51:17,800 --> 05:51:24,200
GENETIC PROGRAM.  THANK YOU.  

8144
05:51:24,200 --> 05:51:27,160
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
SO MUCH

8145
05:51:27,160 --> 05:51:31,360
FOR THIS NOVEL VIEW ON PAIN AND 

8146
05:51:31,360 --> 05:51:35,880
TRANSITION FROM ACUTE TO CHRONIC

8147
05:51:35,880 --> 05:51:37,760
PAIN AND AGAIN I KNOW THAT YOU 

8148
05:51:37,760 --> 05:51:41,440
SHOULD HAVE MANY, MANY QUESTIONS

8149
05:51:41,440 --> 05:51:43,600
THAT WE WILL BE ANSWERING IN A 

8150
05:51:43,600 --> 05:51:46,360
LITTLE BIT AND LAST BUT 

8151
05:51:46,360 --> 05:51:50,400
DEFINITELY NOT LEAST SPEAKER IS 

8152
05:51:50,400 --> 05:51:53,680
KIM SIBILLE PROFESSOR IN 

8153
05:51:53,680 --> 05:51:54,920
ANESTHESIOLOGY IN DIVISION OF 

8154
05:51:54,920 --> 05:51:56,560
PAIN MEDICINE IN COLLEGE OF 

8155
05:51:56,560 --> 05:51:58,480
MEDICINE AT UNIVERSITY OF 

8156
05:51:58,480 --> 05:52:00,840
FLORIDA AND DIRECTOR OF PAIN 

8157
05:52:00,840 --> 05:52:03,840
TRAIL AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH

8158
05:52:03,840 --> 05:52:07,040
IN ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION 

8159
05:52:07,040 --> 05:52:09,520
LAB AND HAS A BACKGROUND IN 

8160
05:52:09,520 --> 05:52:12,960
EXERCISE SCIENCE AND MASTER'S 

8161
05:52:12,960 --> 05:52:14,240
DEGREE IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 

8162
05:52:14,240 --> 05:52:18,000
AND CONCENTRATIONS IN U

8163
05:52:18,000 --> 05:52:20,560
UROPHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND 

8164
05:52:20,560 --> 05:52:23,520
POST DOCTORAL TRAINING IN 

8165
05:52:23,520 --> 05:52:27,880
CLINICAL PAIN RESEARCH AND LAB 

8166
05:52:27,880 --> 05:52:28,400
INVESTIGATES BIOLOGICAL 

8167
05:52:28,400 --> 05:52:33,720
INTERFACE OF CHRONIC PAIN AND 

8168
05:52:33,720 --> 05:52:35,440
CONTRIBUTING TO HOUSING -- PAST 

8169
05:52:35,440 --> 05:52:38,240
13 YEARS INVESTIGATING 

8170
05:52:38,240 --> 05:52:40,320
ALLOSTATIC LOAD, AN INDICATOR OF

8171
05:52:40,320 --> 05:52:45,320
WHOLE PERSON STRESS RELATED 

8172
05:52:45,320 --> 05:52:46,320
FUNCTION. 

8173
05:52:46,320 --> 05:52:48,800
KIM?  

8174
05:52:48,800 --> 05:52:53,040
>>THANK YOU FOR THE 

8175
05:52:53,040 --> 05:52:53,560
INTRODUCTION. 

8176
05:52:53,560 --> 05:52:54,600
I GREATLY APPRECIATE THE 

8177
05:52:54,600 --> 05:52:56,760
OPPORTUNITY TO BE HERE FOR THIS 

8178
05:52:56,760 --> 05:52:59,080
VERY IMPORTANT SYMPOSIUM AND I 

8179
05:52:59,080 --> 05:53:01,000
WANT TO THANK THE AUDIENCE AND 

8180
05:53:01,000 --> 05:53:02,840
THOSE OF -- IN ATTENDANCE HERE 

8181
05:53:02,840 --> 05:53:06,160
WITH US IN PERSON AND THOSE 

8182
05:53:06,160 --> 05:53:06,880
VIRTUALLY. 

8183
05:53:06,880 --> 05:53:08,640
WE REALLY APPRECIATE THE SUPPORT

8184
05:53:08,640 --> 05:53:11,760
AND INTEREST IN THE TOPIC. 

8185
05:53:11,760 --> 05:53:14,240
SO, IT IS REALLY HAS BEEN A 

8186
05:53:14,240 --> 05:53:15,360
FANTASTIC DAY. 

8187
05:53:15,360 --> 05:53:17,240
THE TOPICS THAT HAVE BEEN 

8188
05:53:17,240 --> 05:53:22,120
COVERED AND FINDINGS AND IT IS 

8189
05:53:22,120 --> 05:53:23,960
REALLY QUITE IMPRESSIVE. 

8190
05:53:23,960 --> 05:53:33,040
I HAVE A QUESTION FOR YOU GUYS. 

8191
05:53:33,040 --> 05:53:39,280
OKAY.  THERE WE GO.  ALL RIGHT? 

8192
05:53:39,280 --> 05:53:42,760
SO, HOW MANY -- UH-OH. 

8193
05:53:42,760 --> 05:53:45,480
WORKED FOR ME. 

8194
05:53:45,480 --> 05:53:55,960
OH, THERE WE GO HOW IS THAT?  

8195
05:53:56,320 --> 05:53:58,320
EVERYBODY SEE IT HOW MANY AGREE 

8196
05:53:58,320 --> 05:54:01,120
THAT WHAT WE NEED NOW IS 

8197
05:54:01,120 --> 05:54:03,760
THEORETICALLY SUFFICIENTORITIED 

8198
05:54:03,760 --> 05:54:04,680
EVIDENCE-BASED NOT CONCEPTUAL 

8199
05:54:04,680 --> 05:54:09,400
BUT FUNCTION ALE MODEL FOR 

8200
05:54:09,400 --> 05:54:11,040
CHRONIC PAIN ENCOMPASSES 

8201
05:54:11,040 --> 05:54:13,280
BRAETDTH OF TOPICS WE COVERED 

8202
05:54:13,280 --> 05:54:15,560
TODAY THAT HAS BIOMARKERS FOR 

8203
05:54:15,560 --> 05:54:18,360
RESEARCH AND PATIENT CARE.  WHO 

8204
05:54:18,360 --> 05:54:21,680
BELIEVES WE NEED THIS?  IF WE 

8205
05:54:21,680 --> 05:54:24,160
NEED THIS, HANDS UP.  LET'S SEE 

8206
05:54:24,160 --> 05:54:26,120
IF THIS WILL WORK.  HOW ABOUT 

8207
05:54:26,120 --> 05:54:27,520
THAT?  THAT GOOD?  

8208
05:54:27,520 --> 05:54:29,920
EVERYBODY -- I THINK WE HAVE IT.

8209
05:54:29,920 --> 05:54:33,560
SO, FOR NEXT 15 MINUTES I WILL 

8210
05:54:33,560 --> 05:54:35,600
SHARE A BODY OF EVIDENCE TO 

8211
05:54:35,600 --> 05:54:39,240
SUGGEST THAT, THAT MODEL EXISTS.

8212
05:54:39,240 --> 05:54:42,440
FIRST I WILL REINTRODUCE 

8213
05:54:42,440 --> 05:54:44,800
ALOSTASIS AND PROVIDE AN 

8214
05:54:44,800 --> 05:54:47,360
OVERVIEW OF RELEVANCE TO CHRONIC

8215
05:54:47,360 --> 05:54:50,040
PAIN AND WILL TALK ABOUT 

8216
05:54:50,040 --> 05:54:52,040
BENEFITS OF RESILIENCE EXTENDING

8217
05:54:52,040 --> 05:54:54,480
BEYOND PAIN SYMPTOMS AND 

8218
05:54:54,480 --> 05:54:56,120
PSYCHOSOCIAL SYMPTOMS AND ALSO 

8219
05:54:56,120 --> 05:55:00,040
TALK ABOUT THIS RELATIONSHIP OF 

8220
05:55:00,040 --> 05:55:01,040
ALLOSTATIC LOAD WHOLE PERSON 

8221
05:55:01,040 --> 05:55:03,880
BALANCE AND IMPORTANCE OF 

8222
05:55:03,880 --> 05:55:05,440
RESILIENCE FOR TREATMENT. 

8223
05:55:05,440 --> 05:55:08,160
SO, I THINK WE ALL WOULD AGREE 

8224
05:55:08,160 --> 05:55:10,240
THAT CHRONIC PAIN EFFECTS THE 

8225
05:55:10,240 --> 05:55:11,640
WHOLE PERSON. 

8226
05:55:11,640 --> 05:55:16,400
PHYSICALLY, MENTALLY, 

8227
05:55:16,400 --> 05:55:21,680
SPIRITUALLY, SOCIALLY. 

8228
05:55:21,680 --> 05:55:24,280
SO, IF THAT IS THE CASE, IT 

8229
05:55:24,280 --> 05:55:26,120
WOULD SEEM THAT WHAT WE REALLY 

8230
05:55:26,120 --> 05:55:28,360
NEED IS A BIOMARKER FOR CHRONIC 

8231
05:55:28,360 --> 05:55:31,960
PAIN THAT IS A WHOLE PERSON 

8232
05:55:31,960 --> 05:55:35,400
MEAS

8233
05:55:35,400 --> 05:55:36,440
MEASURE. 

8234
05:55:36,440 --> 05:55:39,680
ALOSTASIS IS A WHOLE PERSON 

8235
05:55:39,680 --> 05:55:41,520
PROC

8236
05:55:41,520 --> 05:55:43,680
PROCESS THEORY UNDERLYING 

8237
05:55:43,680 --> 05:55:46,440
ALOSTASIS IS BODIES ARE DESIGNED

8238
05:55:46,440 --> 05:55:49,000
TO ADAPT AND STRESS CHALLENGE TO

8239
05:55:49,000 --> 05:55:53,840
PROMOTE OPTIMAL FUNCTIONING AND 

8240
05:55:53,840 --> 05:55:54,160
STABILITY. 

8241
05:55:54,160 --> 05:55:58,040
EXAMPLES OF ALOSTASIS ARE ALL 

8242
05:55:58,040 --> 05:56:00,440
AROUND US. 

8243
05:56:00,440 --> 05:56:03,920
STRESS AND CHALLENGE PROMOTE 

8244
05:56:03,920 --> 05:56:05,600
STRENGTHENING, GROWTH AND 

8245
05:56:05,600 --> 05:56:05,960
CHAFRJS. 

8246
05:56:05,960 --> 05:56:11,880
IN FACT, IT IS ONLY WHEN STRESS 

8247
05:56:11,880 --> 05:56:14,360
PERSISTS WITHOUT ADEQUATE 

8248
05:56:14,360 --> 05:56:15,920
RECOVERY THAT WE START TO SEE 

8249
05:56:15,920 --> 05:56:18,400
INDICATIONS OF WHAT WE THINK OF 

8250
05:56:18,400 --> 05:56:22,560
AS ALLOSTATIC LOAD OR ALLOSTATIC

8251
05:56:22,560 --> 05:56:25,440
OV

8252
05:56:25,440 --> 05:56:25,720
OVERLOAD. 

8253
05:56:25,720 --> 05:56:28,040
ARE THERE MEASURES FOR 

8254
05:56:28,040 --> 05:56:30,400
ALLOSTATIC LOAD?  

8255
05:56:30,400 --> 05:56:32,080
ABSOLUTELY.  WE CAN LOOK INTO 

8256
05:56:32,080 --> 05:56:34,120
THE BRAIN AND FUNCTIONAL AND 

8257
05:56:34,120 --> 05:56:35,480
STRUCTURAL MEASURES AND LOOK AT 

8258
05:56:35,480 --> 05:56:38,880
STRESS SYSTEMS FUNCTIONING WITH 

8259
05:56:38,880 --> 05:56:40,560
CLINICAL COMPOSITE OR BATTERY 

8260
05:56:40,560 --> 05:56:42,520
SOMETIMES PHRASING USE LOOKING 

8261
05:56:42,520 --> 05:56:45,800
AT TELOMERE LENGTH THAT IS A 

8262
05:56:45,800 --> 05:56:47,880
DOWNSTREAM MEASURE OF STRESS 

8263
05:56:47,880 --> 05:56:49,560
SYSTEM FUNCTIONING THAT IS 

8264
05:56:49,560 --> 05:56:51,360
IMPORTANT TO KEEP IN MIND ABOUT 

8265
05:56:51,360 --> 05:56:52,440
MEASURES THAT THEY ARE COMPLEX 

8266
05:56:52,440 --> 05:56:57,960
AND ARE DYNAMIC AND ARE N

8267
05:56:57,960 --> 05:56:59,560
NON-LINEAR IN NATURE AND PROMISE

8268
05:56:59,560 --> 05:57:05,120
I DIDN'T PAY DR. DECHENKO TO SAY

8269
05:57:05,120 --> 05:57:07,600
FOR PRESENTATION WHAT THIS WILL 

8270
05:57:07,600 --> 05:57:09,440
LOOK LIKE AND SOMEONE THAT IS 

8271
05:57:09,440 --> 05:57:11,240
HEALTHY AND ADAPTIVE PHYSIOLOGY 

8272
05:57:11,240 --> 05:57:15,400
WILL HAVE A ROBUST RESPONSE AND 

8273
05:57:15,400 --> 05:57:17,080
A ROBUST RECOVERY. 

8274
05:57:17,080 --> 05:57:17,960
WHEN INDIVIDUALS ARE STARTING TO

8275
05:57:17,960 --> 05:57:21,360
SHOW SIGNS OF A--LO STATIC LOAD,

8276
05:57:21,360 --> 05:57:25,040
THEY WILL HAVE A SLOWER RESPONSE

8277
05:57:25,040 --> 05:57:28,400
AND FOR THEM TO HAVE DELAYED OR 

8278
05:57:28,400 --> 05:57:30,400
SLOWER RECOVERY AND WHEN 

8279
05:57:30,400 --> 05:57:32,040
INDIVIDUALS IN A PHYSIOLOGICAL 

8280
05:57:32,040 --> 05:57:35,160
STATE OF ALLOSTATIC OVERLOAD, 

8281
05:57:35,160 --> 05:57:38,640
THEY TEND TO HAVE A BLUNDED 

8282
05:57:38,640 --> 05:57:38,880
RESPONSE. 

8283
05:57:38,880 --> 05:57:42,240
BUT VERY DEFINITELY A BLUNTED 

8284
05:57:42,240 --> 05:57:42,480
RECOVERY. 

8285
05:57:42,480 --> 05:57:47,680
MUCH OF WHAT WE HEARD IN THE 

8286
05:57:47,680 --> 05:57:50,360
TALK PRIOR. 

8287
05:57:50,360 --> 05:57:52,160
IMPORTANTLY LONG TERM ALLOSTATIC

8288
05:57:52,160 --> 05:57:56,400
LOAD IS ASSOCIATED WITH 

8289
05:57:56,400 --> 05:57:58,000
MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. 

8290
05:57:58,000 --> 05:57:59,800
WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE FOR 

8291
05:57:59,800 --> 05:58:02,280
CHRONIC PAIN AND WHAT IS 

8292
05:58:02,280 --> 05:58:04,400
ALLOSTATIC LOAD OF CHRONIC PAIN 

8293
05:58:04,400 --> 05:58:05,880
AND REFERRING TO NON-LINEAR 

8294
05:58:05,880 --> 05:58:07,240
MODEL THAT YOU CAN THINK OF IT 

8295
05:58:07,240 --> 05:58:09,840
AS INVERTED U OR DOSE RESPONSE 

8296
05:58:09,840 --> 05:58:13,320
AND IS ALSO KNOWN AS HORMESIS 

8297
05:58:13,320 --> 05:58:18,360
THAT IS ESSENTIALLY FUNDAMENTAL 

8298
05:58:18,360 --> 05:58:21,560
BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE THAT IS NOT

8299
05:58:21,560 --> 05:58:24,080
NEW INFORMATION BUT IS ACROSS 

8300
05:58:24,080 --> 05:58:26,160
PLANTS ANIMALS AND HUMAN BEINGS 

8301
05:58:26,160 --> 05:58:27,440
IN REGARDS TO PHYSIOLOGICAL 

8302
05:58:27,440 --> 05:58:29,400
FUNCTIONING AND THINKING OF 

8303
05:58:29,400 --> 05:58:32,200
CHRONIC PAIN, PROBLEM THAT I 

8304
05:58:32,200 --> 05:58:35,440
BELIEVE HAS BEEN CAUSING SOME 

8305
05:58:35,440 --> 05:58:36,880
INCONSISTENCIES LOOKING AT 

8306
05:58:36,880 --> 05:58:38,160
NEUROBIOLOGICAL AND 

8307
05:58:38,160 --> 05:58:39,560
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES IS HOW WE

8308
05:58:39,560 --> 05:58:41,720
MEASURE CHRONIC PAIN AND IN 

8309
05:58:41,720 --> 05:58:45,280
ORDER TO CAPTURE PHYSIOLOGICAL 

8310
05:58:45,280 --> 05:58:47,320
INTERFACE, PRINCIPLES NEED TO BE

8311
05:58:47,320 --> 05:58:50,280
CONSIDERED AND FREQUENCY OF PAIN

8312
05:58:50,280 --> 05:58:52,320
THAT IS INTERMITTENT AND 

8313
05:58:52,320 --> 05:58:54,360
PERSISTENT AND INTENSITY OF THAT

8314
05:58:54,360 --> 05:58:55,720
PAIN AND DURATION HOW LONG 

8315
05:58:55,720 --> 05:58:58,360
SOMEONE HAS BEEN LIVING WITH 

8316
05:58:58,360 --> 05:58:59,960
CHRONIC PAIN AND TOTAL PAIN 

8317
05:58:59,960 --> 05:59:03,880
SITES THAT IS PROBABLY ONE MORE 

8318
05:59:03,880 --> 05:59:05,240
SENSITIVE MEASURE FOR SEVERITY 

8319
05:59:05,240 --> 05:59:07,480
OF CHRONIC PAIN AND WITH THAT IN

8320
05:59:07,480 --> 05:59:09,320
MIND SOMEONE IN EARLY STAGES OF 

8321
05:59:09,320 --> 05:59:11,520
CHRONIC PAIN IS STILL GOING TO 

8322
05:59:11,520 --> 05:59:16,400
HAVE ADAPTIVE SYSTEM.  MODERATE 

8323
05:59:16,400 --> 05:59:18,280
STAGES OF CHRONIC PAIN THAT IS 3

8324
05:59:18,280 --> 05:59:20,800
TO 5 YEARS DEPENDING ON 

8325
05:59:20,800 --> 05:59:23,400
INTENSITY AND SEVERITY AND WILL 

8326
05:59:23,400 --> 05:59:26,240
START SHOWING SIGNS OF 

8327
05:59:26,240 --> 05:59:27,400
ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND INDIVIDUALS 

8328
05:59:27,400 --> 05:59:29,760
THAT WE WOULD CONSIDER MORE OF 

8329
05:59:29,760 --> 05:59:31,960
ALLOSTATIC OVERLOAD STATE AND 

8330
05:59:31,960 --> 05:59:34,320
MORE SEVERE CHRONIC PAIN AND 

8331
05:59:34,320 --> 05:59:37,200
MORE OF OUR STAGE 5 AND YOU WILL

8332
05:59:37,200 --> 05:59:42,040
SEE PHYSIOLOGICAL DISREGULATION 

8333
05:59:42,040 --> 05:59:44,520
WE WERE TALKING ABOUT AND WE 

8334
05:59:44,520 --> 05:59:46,120
HAVE SHOWN THAT CHRONIC PAIN 

8335
05:59:46,120 --> 05:59:47,960
STAGE IS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED 

8336
05:59:47,960 --> 05:59:50,920
WITH NUMBER OF MEASURES OF A--LO

8337
05:59:50,920 --> 05:59:53,680
STATIC LOAD AND SHOWN IT IS 

8338
05:59:53,680 --> 05:59:55,480
ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER CLINICAL 

8339
05:59:55,480 --> 05:59:57,520
COMPOSITE AND POPULATION STUDIES

8340
05:59:57,520 --> 06:00:00,520
AND SHOWN IT IS ASSOCIATED WITH 

8341
06:00:00,520 --> 06:00:02,320
SHORTER TELOMERE LENGTH AND 

8342
06:00:02,320 --> 06:00:03,920
CLINICAL STUDIES AND REPORTED IT

8343
06:00:03,920 --> 06:00:07,000
IS ASSOCIATED WITH THINNER 

8344
06:00:07,000 --> 06:00:10,320
CORTICAL AREAS IN THE BRAIN AND 

8345
06:00:10,320 --> 06:00:13,040
IT GETS INTERESTING. 

8346
06:00:13,040 --> 06:00:15,400
BECAUSE WE KNOW THIS 

8347
06:00:15,400 --> 06:00:17,160
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 

8348
06:00:17,160 --> 06:00:18,360
NEUROBIOLOGICAL AND 

8349
06:00:18,360 --> 06:00:19,680
PHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN CHRONIC

8350
06:00:19,680 --> 06:00:22,360
PAIN IS NON-LINEAR AND CHRONIC 

8351
06:00:22,360 --> 06:00:27,640
PAIN STAGE IS 1 TO 5 CATEGORY 

8352
06:00:27,640 --> 06:00:29,080
THEN OUR COLLABORATOR DR. TANNER

8353
06:00:29,080 --> 06:00:34,120
WENT AHEAD AND MADE A NON-LINEAR

8354
06:00:34,120 --> 06:00:35,280
QUADRATIC TERM THAT I WANT TO 

8355
06:00:35,280 --> 06:00:39,360
SEE IF I CAN -- MY LITTLE -- IT 

8356
06:00:39,360 --> 06:00:41,000
WON'T SHOW HOW ABOUT IF I DO 

8357
06:00:41,000 --> 06:00:43,680
THIS.  THERE WE GO.  HOW MANY 

8358
06:00:43,680 --> 06:00:45,360
SEE THIS U IN THERE?  

8359
06:00:45,360 --> 06:00:48,000
COME ON.  CHECKING TO SEE IF YOU

8360
06:00:48,000 --> 06:00:53,160
ARE AWAKE.  SEE HORMESISU?  

8361
06:00:53,160 --> 06:00:56,040
ORANGE ARCH.  YES?  THIS IS 

8362
06:00:56,040 --> 06:00:58,400
STRATIFIED BY TWO SOCIO 

8363
06:00:58,400 --> 06:01:00,480
DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS NON-HISPANIC 

8364
06:01:00,480 --> 06:01:03,560
BLACK ADULTS THAT HAVE 

8365
06:01:03,560 --> 06:01:06,800
SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER SOCIO 

8366
06:01:06,800 --> 06:01:08,760
DEMOGRAPHIC RISK AND WHITE 

8367
06:01:08,760 --> 06:01:10,360
ADULTS WITH SIGNIFICANTLY 

8368
06:01:10,360 --> 06:01:12,800
GREATER SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC 

8369
06:01:12,800 --> 06:01:14,760
BUFFERS AND YOU SEE IT LOOKS 

8370
06:01:14,760 --> 06:01:16,840
LIKE EVEN THOUGH THESE 

8371
06:01:16,840 --> 06:01:18,400
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE BETWEEN 0 

8372
06:01:18,400 --> 06:01:21,400
AND 3 THAT ARE MORE SEVERE 

8373
06:01:21,400 --> 06:01:23,200
STAGES OF CHRONIC PAIN ONE GROUP

8374
06:01:23,200 --> 06:01:26,160
SHOWS WHAT WE CONSIDER TO BE 

8375
06:01:26,160 --> 06:01:30,400
MORE ADAPTIVE AND ONE GROUP 

8376
06:01:30,400 --> 06:01:33,480
SHOWING THEY ARE IN ALLOSTATIC 

8377
06:01:33,480 --> 06:01:35,560
OVERLOAD STATE AND TAKING BAR 

8378
06:01:35,560 --> 06:01:38,840
GRAPH FOR BETTER IDEA OF PATTERN

8379
06:01:38,840 --> 06:01:42,360
AND LOW STAGE FOR GROUPS IS 

8380
06:01:42,360 --> 06:01:44,400
QUITE SIMILAR AND HIGH STAGES OF

8381
06:01:44,400 --> 06:01:46,920
CHRONIC PAIN IS CLINICALLY 

8382
06:01:46,920 --> 06:01:47,520
STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANTLY 

8383
06:01:47,520 --> 06:01:49,360
DIFFERENT AND WE ARE TALKING 

8384
06:01:49,360 --> 06:01:52,160
ABOUT TEMPORAL LOBE OF THE BRAIN

8385
06:01:52,160 --> 06:01:58,920
THIS AREA IS A RISK FACTOR FOR 

8386
06:01:58,920 --> 06:01:59,840
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND WE 

8387
06:01:59,840 --> 06:02:02,320
BELIEVE WHAT IS GOING ON IS 

8388
06:02:02,320 --> 06:02:05,280
ESSENTIALLY IN LINE WITH 

8389
06:02:05,280 --> 06:02:09,000
ALOSTASIS THEORY AND THAT 

8390
06:02:09,000 --> 06:02:11,040
ALLOSTATIC LOAD IS RESULT OF 

8391
06:02:11,040 --> 06:02:13,520
CUMULATIVE BURDEN NOT JUST ONE 

8392
06:02:13,520 --> 06:02:15,320
AND TESTED THIS GOING BACK 

8393
06:02:15,320 --> 06:02:17,680
SAYING LET'S LOOK AT SOCIO 

8394
06:02:17,680 --> 06:02:19,360
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND LOOK 

8395
06:02:19,360 --> 06:02:21,960
AT THAT RISK.  SO, SOCIO 

8396
06:02:21,960 --> 06:02:24,760
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK WAS ADDED UP.

8397
06:02:24,760 --> 06:02:29,040
IT WAS A RANGE OF 0 TO 8. 

8398
06:02:29,040 --> 06:02:32,320
FOR EVERY INCREASING RISK FACTOR

8399
06:02:32,320 --> 06:02:35,000
THERE WAS A SCORE AND HAD HIGH 

8400
06:02:35,000 --> 06:02:37,960
LOW CHRONIC PAIN STAGE AND SAME 

8401
06:02:37,960 --> 06:02:39,920
GROUP I SHOWED YOU AND LOOKING 

8402
06:02:39,920 --> 06:02:42,080
AT THEM BY SOCIO ENVIRONMENTAL 

8403
06:02:42,080 --> 06:02:45,320
RISK AND LOW AND HIGH CHRONIC 

8404
06:02:45,320 --> 06:02:45,840
PAIN STAGE. 

8405
06:02:45,840 --> 06:02:49,600
WHAT WE SEE IS A SIGNIFICANT 

8406
06:02:49,600 --> 06:02:51,720
ESSENTIALLY DOSE RESPONSE 

8407
06:02:51,720 --> 06:02:54,360
RELATIONSHIP THAT IS FOR EACH 

8408
06:02:54,360 --> 06:02:57,080
ADDITIVE ASSOCIATIVE 

8409
06:02:57,080 --> 06:02:58,400
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK INCREASING 

8410
06:02:58,400 --> 06:03:02,760
STAGE OF PAIN THINNER TEMPORAL 

8411
06:03:02,760 --> 06:03:04,920
LOBE.  

8412
06:03:04,920 --> 06:03:07,840
OKAY.  OBJECTIVE NO. 1, 

8413
06:03:07,840 --> 06:03:09,560
RELATIONSHIP THAT IS BETWEEN 

8414
06:03:09,560 --> 06:03:11,600
CHRONIC PAIN AND SOCIO 

8415
06:03:11,600 --> 06:03:13,640
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND 

8416
06:03:13,640 --> 06:03:15,280
ALLOSTATIC LOAD SHOWING CHRONIC 

8417
06:03:15,280 --> 06:03:17,480
PAIN AND SOCIO ENVIRONMENTAL 

8418
06:03:17,480 --> 06:03:20,160
RISKS ARE STRESSORS ADDING TO 

8419
06:03:20,160 --> 06:03:22,360
ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND KNOW THAT 

8420
06:03:22,360 --> 06:03:24,400
HIGHER ALLOSTATIC LOAD IS 

8421
06:03:24,400 --> 06:03:25,880
ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER 

8422
06:03:25,880 --> 06:03:29,200
PAIN-RELATED SYMPTOMS AND WHAT 

8423
06:03:29,200 --> 06:03:33,280
ABOUT RESILIENCE?  

8424
06:03:33,280 --> 06:03:34,360
RESILIENCE FACTORS IMPROVE 

8425
06:03:34,360 --> 06:03:39,640
RESPONSE TO STRESS AND 

8426
06:03:39,640 --> 06:03:39,920
CHALLENGE. 

8427
06:03:39,920 --> 06:03:42,040
WE HAVE HEARD FROM A NUMBER OF 

8428
06:03:42,040 --> 06:03:43,440
PRESENTERS TODAY ABOUT 

8429
06:03:43,440 --> 06:03:45,240
PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE AND 

8430
06:03:45,240 --> 06:03:50,360
FACTORS IN CHRONIC PAIN. 

8431
06:03:50,360 --> 06:03:54,640
I WAS DELIGHTED IN 27 TAENWHEN 

8432
06:03:54,640 --> 06:03:56,760
THIS PUBLICATION CAME OUT GIVING

8433
06:03:56,760 --> 06:03:59,680
MORE CREDIBILITY TO WORK WE ARE 

8434
06:03:59,680 --> 06:04:00,720
INVOLVED IN AND DR. MCFARLAND 

8435
06:04:00,720 --> 06:04:03,320
AND COLLEAGUES IN UK DATA SET 

8436
06:04:03,320 --> 06:04:06,360
DID A COUPLE THINGS THAT WERE 

8437
06:04:06,360 --> 06:04:09,400
REALLY IMPORTANT AND NO. 1 WITH 

8438
06:04:09,400 --> 06:04:10,800
METAANALYSIS THEY IMPROVED THAT 

8439
06:04:10,800 --> 06:04:14,360
IN FACT PEOPLE LIVING WITH 

8440
06:04:14,360 --> 06:04:15,840
CHRONIC WIDESPREAD PAIN 

8441
06:04:15,840 --> 06:04:16,920
EXPERIENCE EXCESS MORTALITY AND 

8442
06:04:16,920 --> 06:04:19,800
SECOND THING THEY DID IS SHOWED 

8443
06:04:19,800 --> 06:04:23,560
THAT, THAT MORTALITY RISK WAS 

8444
06:04:23,560 --> 06:04:27,520
REDUCED WITH EVERY ADDITIVE 

8445
06:04:27,520 --> 06:04:32,360
HEALTH BEHAVIOR THAT IS 

8446
06:04:32,360 --> 06:04:35,440
INCREDIBLE.  NICELY IN THE 2016 

8447
06:04:35,440 --> 06:04:38,600
PUBLICATION WITH TROMSA STUDY 

8448
06:04:38,600 --> 06:04:41,640
LOOKING AT ALLOSTATIC LOAD 

8449
06:04:41,640 --> 06:04:42,880
CLINICAL COMPOSITE WE SHOWED THE

8450
06:04:42,880 --> 06:04:46,120
SAME THING, LOWER ALLOSTATIC 

8451
06:04:46,120 --> 06:04:49,640
LOAD CLINICAL COMPOSITE WITH 

8452
06:04:49,640 --> 06:04:52,920
EACH HEALTH BEHAVIOR. 

8453
06:04:52,920 --> 06:04:56,480
SO, THIS WHOLE IDEA IT WAS 

8454
06:04:56,480 --> 06:04:58,360
ADDITIVE AND WE CLEARLY 

8455
06:04:58,360 --> 06:05:01,760
IDENTIFIED BIOBEHAVIORAL AND 

8456
06:05:01,760 --> 06:05:04,120
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS COULD WE 

8457
06:05:04,120 --> 06:05:05,560
CREATE INDEX THAT COULD BE 

8458
06:05:05,560 --> 06:05:07,520
USEFUL FOR CLINICIANS?  IN 

8459
06:05:07,520 --> 06:05:09,560
COLLABORATION WITH A FEW 

8460
06:05:09,560 --> 06:05:11,400
COLLEAGUES INCLUDING DR. BARTLY 

8461
06:05:11,400 --> 06:05:13,400
OVER HERE TO MY RIGHT, WE 

8462
06:05:13,400 --> 06:05:16,040
WORKING WITH DATA WE HAD IN A 

8463
06:05:16,040 --> 06:05:21,040
CURRENT DATA SET, WE LOOKED AT 

8464
06:05:21,040 --> 06:05:23,440
TOBACCO USE WASTE RATIO POSITIVE

8465
06:05:23,440 --> 06:05:24,960
EFFECT AND LOW NEGATIVE EFFECT 

8466
06:05:24,960 --> 06:05:27,880
THAT IS RESILIENCE THERE ACTIVE 

8467
06:05:27,880 --> 06:05:29,960
COPING PERCEIVED STRESS AND 

8468
06:05:29,960 --> 06:05:31,160
SOCIAL SUPPORT USING CLINICAL 

8469
06:05:31,160 --> 06:05:36,320
NORMS AND WE CREATED A SCORING 

8470
06:05:36,320 --> 06:05:38,960
AND SO ESSENTIALLY RANGE IS 0 TO

8471
06:05:38,960 --> 06:05:41,880
8 AND IS ADDITIVE FOR EVERY 

8472
06:05:41,880 --> 06:05:44,280
RESILIENCE FACTOR AND TOOK 

8473
06:05:44,280 --> 06:05:45,840
RESILIENCE INDEX AND FIRST 

8474
06:05:45,840 --> 06:05:49,680
LOOKED AT IT IN RELATION TO 

8475
06:05:49,680 --> 06:05:52,240
TELOMERE LENGTH STUDY OF 79 

8476
06:05:52,240 --> 06:05:52,920
ADULTS INDIVIDUALS WITH AND 

8477
06:05:52,920 --> 06:05:56,840
WITHOUT KNEE PAIN AND WHAT WE 

8478
06:05:56,840 --> 06:05:58,080
FOUND WAS THERE WAS A 

8479
06:05:58,080 --> 06:06:02,400
SIGNIFICANT ADDITIVE PATTERN 

8480
06:06:02,400 --> 06:06:04,080
BETWEEN RESILIENCE INDEX AND 

8481
06:06:04,080 --> 06:06:07,400
TELOMERE LENGTH AND WE WERE 

8482
06:06:07,400 --> 06:06:09,320
CURIOUS WHAT EXACTLY THAT MIGHT 

8483
06:06:09,320 --> 06:06:10,360
MEAN CLINICALLY AND WHEN WE 

8484
06:06:10,360 --> 06:06:14,000
LOOKED AT LOW RESILIENCE GROUP 

8485
06:06:14,000 --> 06:06:17,520
AND HIGH RESILIENCE GROUP WE 

8486
06:06:17,520 --> 06:06:19,800
SHOWED AN APPROXIMATE -- 

8487
06:06:19,800 --> 06:06:20,960
LITERALLY APPROXIMATE 10-YEAR 

8488
06:06:20,960 --> 06:06:22,400
DIFFERENCE THAT IS BETWEEN LOW 

8489
06:06:22,400 --> 06:06:26,720
AND HIGH RESILIENCE IN CELLULAR 

8490
06:06:26,720 --> 06:06:27,000
AGING. 

8491
06:06:27,000 --> 06:06:30,040
SO, WE THOUGHT LET'S MOVE INTO 

8492
06:06:30,040 --> 06:06:30,640
THE BRAIN. 

8493
06:06:30,640 --> 06:06:33,160
WE PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED I SHOWED

8494
06:06:33,160 --> 06:06:34,880
YOU ON PAIN RELATED AREAS OF THE

8495
06:06:34,880 --> 06:06:37,040
BRAIN AND WE WERE INTERESTED 

8496
06:06:37,040 --> 06:06:38,840
WHAT HAPPENS WITH RESILIENCE AND

8497
06:06:38,840 --> 06:06:41,880
DO WE SEE IT IN THE BRAIN?  

8498
06:06:41,880 --> 06:06:44,160
REMEMBER OTHER -- REMEMBER I 

8499
06:06:44,160 --> 06:06:47,120
SHOWED YOU IT IS COMPLICATED 

8500
06:06:47,120 --> 06:06:50,680
WITH DIFFERENT SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC

8501
06:06:50,680 --> 06:06:53,160
FACTORS VERY MUCH SO AND WILL 

8502
06:06:53,160 --> 06:06:53,880
IMITATION LOOKING AT BRAIN 

8503
06:06:53,880 --> 06:06:56,000
STRUCTURE WE WILL TALK ABOUT 

8504
06:06:56,000 --> 06:06:58,400
NEXT LOOKING AT RESILIENCE IN 

8505
06:06:58,400 --> 06:07:01,000
THE BRAIN WE FOUND SIGNIFICANT 

8506
06:07:01,000 --> 06:07:05,040
ASSOCIATIONS FOR RIGHT AMYG 

8507
06:07:05,040 --> 06:07:07,840
DOULA AND POST CENTRAL GYRUS AND

8508
06:07:07,840 --> 06:07:09,920
MOST SIGNIFICANT FOR RIGHT AMYG 

8509
06:07:09,920 --> 06:07:11,440
DOULA AND INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH 

8510
06:07:11,440 --> 06:07:15,720
IT IS ACTIVATED BOTH WITH 

8511
06:07:15,720 --> 06:07:22,880
INHIBITION AND NO SCEPT SUSCEPTD

8512
06:07:22,880 --> 06:07:26,320
STRESS AROUSAL AND TO DO 

8513
06:07:26,320 --> 06:07:27,800
CROSS-SECTION ALLEY AND WITH 

8514
06:07:27,800 --> 06:07:29,480
THAT IN MIND COLLEAGUE DR. 

8515
06:07:29,480 --> 06:07:33,200
TANNER IS VERY MUCH INTERESTED 

8516
06:07:33,200 --> 06:07:35,840
IN SOME MACHINE LEARNING METHODS

8517
06:07:35,840 --> 06:07:37,360
FOR LOOKING AT BRAIN STRUCTURE 

8518
06:07:37,360 --> 06:07:41,880
AND WE LOOKED AT BRAIN AGE USING

8519
06:07:41,880 --> 06:07:44,960
DEEP BRAIN NET MODEL. 

8520
06:07:44,960 --> 06:07:48,600
THIS IS IN 1 SDO 63 ADULTS 

8521
06:07:48,600 --> 06:07:49,840
REPORTING CHRONIC PAIN AND MOST 

8522
06:07:49,840 --> 06:07:52,040
OF THE INDIVIDUALS HAVE KNEE 

8523
06:07:52,040 --> 06:07:57,560
PAIN AND WE USE SAME EXACT 

8524
06:07:57,560 --> 06:07:59,680
RESILIENCE INDEX WITH MEDIAN 

8525
06:07:59,680 --> 06:08:00,560
SPLIT. 

8526
06:08:00,560 --> 06:08:03,240
5 TO 8 IS HIGH RESILIENCE AND WE

8527
06:08:03,240 --> 06:08:04,800
SHOW WITH CO-VARIATES IN THE 

8528
06:08:04,800 --> 06:08:07,560
MODEL ASSOCIATED WITH BRAIN AGE 

8529
06:08:07,560 --> 06:08:09,840
THAT WE STILL SHOW RELATIONSHIP 

8530
06:08:09,840 --> 06:08:12,040
IS SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT WITH 

8531
06:08:12,040 --> 06:08:13,320
APPROXIMATE FOUR YEARS 

8532
06:08:13,320 --> 06:08:15,080
DIFFERENCE IN BRAIN AGE. 

8533
06:08:15,080 --> 06:08:17,120
THOSE ARE JUST THOSE ADDITIVE 

8534
06:08:17,120 --> 06:08:20,800
RESILIENCE MEASURES I WAS 

8535
06:08:20,800 --> 06:08:24,120
SHOWING YOU. 

8536
06:08:24,120 --> 06:08:28,480
OUR NEXT STEP WAS LET'S IMPROVE 

8537
06:08:28,480 --> 06:08:29,800
RESILIENCE INDEX A LITTLE 

8538
06:08:29,800 --> 06:08:30,120
FURTHER. 

8539
06:08:30,120 --> 06:08:33,400
WASTE HIP RATIO IS NOT PRACTICAL

8540
06:08:33,400 --> 06:08:38,920
IN A CLINICAL SETTING AND WASTE 

8541
06:08:38,920 --> 06:08:41,800
CIRCUMFERENCE IS STRONGER WAY TO

8542
06:08:41,800 --> 06:08:44,040
EVALUATE ADIPOSITY AND LEAVING 

8543
06:08:44,040 --> 06:08:47,600
IT TO WASTE THAT IS A LITTLE 

8544
06:08:47,600 --> 06:08:50,280
MORE REALISTIC TO CAPTURE AND 

8545
06:08:50,280 --> 06:08:52,400
ADDED PROMISED SLEEP THAT IS 

8546
06:08:52,400 --> 06:08:55,360
HIGHLY IMPORTANT BIOBEHAVIORAL 

8547
06:08:55,360 --> 06:08:57,640
INTERVENTION THAT IS NICE AND 

8548
06:08:57,640 --> 06:08:58,600
VALIDATED MEASURE THROUGH 

8549
06:08:58,600 --> 06:09:02,800
PROMISE AND SO USING VALIDATED 

8550
06:09:02,800 --> 06:09:04,360
CLINICAL NORMS AND EIGHT 

8551
06:09:04,360 --> 06:09:06,800
MEASURES WE IMPROVE THE SCORING 

8552
06:09:06,800 --> 06:09:10,000
THAT IS THREE LEVEL SCORING 

8553
06:09:10,000 --> 06:09:12,640
RATHER THAN DICHOTOMOUS SCORING 

8554
06:09:12,640 --> 06:09:14,720
AND RANGE IS 0 TO 16 AND GIVING 

8555
06:09:14,720 --> 06:09:16,880
AN IDEA WHAT A CLINICAL 

8556
06:09:16,880 --> 06:09:19,280
COMPOSITE LOOKS LIKE AND HOW WE 

8557
06:09:19,280 --> 06:09:21,400
DID THIS IS IT REPRESENTS FOUR 

8558
06:09:21,400 --> 06:09:26,360
STRESS SYSTEMS CARDIOVASCULAR 

8559
06:09:26,360 --> 06:09:31,160
NORRO ENDOCRINE IMMUNE AND 

8560
06:09:31,160 --> 06:09:33,480
METABOLIC AND CURRENT METHOD 

8561
06:09:33,480 --> 06:09:37,920
DETERMINING RANGE LOOKING AT 

8562
06:09:37,920 --> 06:09:40,440
QUARTILE -- HIGH RISK IS LOWER 

8563
06:09:40,440 --> 06:09:43,000
QUARTILE ON 3 AND IF IN EITHER 

8564
06:09:43,000 --> 06:09:44,800
QUARTILE YOU GET A SCORE OF 1 

8565
06:09:44,800 --> 06:09:48,480
AND EVERYBODY ELSE GETS 0 AND 

8566
06:09:48,480 --> 06:09:50,360
ALLOSTATIC LOAD FOR EACH 

8567
06:09:50,360 --> 06:09:52,720
PARTICIPANT RANGES BETWEEN 0 AND

8568
06:09:52,720 --> 06:10:01,920
10 WE LOOKED AT RELATIONSHIP 

8569
06:10:01,920 --> 06:10:05,560
INDEX AND ALLOSTATIC CLINICAL 

8570
06:10:05,560 --> 06:10:09,560
COMPOSITE AND AGE SEX AND SOCIO 

8571
06:10:09,560 --> 06:10:11,240
DEMOGRAPHIC GROUP CO-VARIATES IF

8572
06:10:11,240 --> 06:10:14,560
IN THE MODEL PAIN INTENSITY WAS 

8573
06:10:14,560 --> 06:10:17,160
ASSOCIATED WITH ALLOSTATIC LOAD 

8574
06:10:17,160 --> 06:10:19,360
INDEX AND LOOKING AT RESILIENCE 

8575
06:10:19,360 --> 06:10:21,360
INDEX THAT TOO WAS ASSOCIATED 

8576
06:10:21,360 --> 06:10:23,800
AND ARE YOU FOLLOWING ME?  

8577
06:10:23,800 --> 06:10:25,120
OVER HERE IN THE MIDDLE COLUMN 

8578
06:10:25,120 --> 06:10:27,880
WITH ALLOSTATIC LOAD CLINICAL 

8579
06:10:27,880 --> 06:10:30,960
COMPOSITE AND COMBINING BOTH IN 

8580
06:10:30,960 --> 06:10:35,520
THE MODEL YOU SEE CHARACTERISTIC

8581
06:10:35,520 --> 06:10:38,600
PAIN INTENSITY IS NO LONGER 

8582
06:10:38,600 --> 06:10:40,680
SIGNIFICANT PREDICTOR AND 

8583
06:10:40,680 --> 06:10:42,360
RESILIENCE REMAINS SIGNIFICANT 

8584
06:10:42,360 --> 06:10:45,320
PREDICTOR AND INTERPRETATION IS 

8585
06:10:45,320 --> 06:10:49,680
RESILIENCE FACTORS BUFFER 

8586
06:10:49,680 --> 06:10:52,480
BIOLOGICAL BURDEN OF CHRONIC 

8587
06:10:52,480 --> 06:10:53,240
PA

8588
06:10:53,240 --> 06:10:54,520
PAIN. 

8589
06:10:54,520 --> 06:10:56,920
SO, MY OBJECTIVE NO. 2 WAS TO 

8590
06:10:56,920 --> 06:11:00,640
LOOK AT THIS BIOBEHAVIORAL AND 

8591
06:11:00,640 --> 06:11:02,400
PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE 

8592
06:11:02,400 --> 06:11:04,360
INTERFACE.  IN FACT THERE IS 

8593
06:11:04,360 --> 06:11:06,480
FINDINGS THAT SUGGEST THEY ARE 

8594
06:11:06,480 --> 06:11:09,600
ASSOCIATED WITH BIOMARKERS OF 

8595
06:11:09,600 --> 06:11:10,360
ALLOSTATIC LOAD. 

8596
06:11:10,360 --> 06:11:12,080
YOU GUYS ARE READY FOR A LITTLE 

8597
06:11:12,080 --> 06:11:15,120
BIT OF A SUMMARY?  

8598
06:11:15,120 --> 06:11:16,320
OKAY.  

8599
06:11:16,320 --> 06:11:18,000
SO, HERE WE GO.  

8600
06:11:18,000 --> 06:11:21,160
WE KNOW THAT CHRONIC PAIN AND 

8601
06:11:21,160 --> 06:11:23,680
SOCIO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE 

8602
06:11:23,680 --> 06:11:25,680
ASSOCIATED WITH ALLOSTATIC LOAD 

8603
06:11:25,680 --> 06:11:29,760
AND WE ALSO HAVE SHOWN ACROSS A 

8604
06:11:29,760 --> 06:11:31,600
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT STUDIES THAT

8605
06:11:31,600 --> 06:11:34,280
MODIFIABLE FACTORS SUCH AS 

8606
06:11:34,280 --> 06:11:36,880
QUALITY SLEEP AND SOCIAL SUPPORT

8607
06:11:36,880 --> 06:11:39,200
AND NUTRITIOUS DIET AND HEALTHY 

8608
06:11:39,200 --> 06:11:41,320
WEIGHT AND LOW PERCEIVED STRESS 

8609
06:11:41,320 --> 06:11:42,360
AND REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 

8610
06:11:42,360 --> 06:11:46,720
ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER 

8611
06:11:46,720 --> 06:11:49,160
ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND LOWER 

8612
06:11:49,160 --> 06:11:50,960
ALLOSTATIC LOAD IS ASSOCIATED 

8613
06:11:50,960 --> 06:11:56,600
WITH LOWER PAIN-RELATED 

8614
06:11:56,600 --> 06:11:56,880
SYMPTOMS. 

8615
06:11:56,880 --> 06:12:00,240
SO, BY TARGETING RESILIENCE 

8616
06:12:00,240 --> 06:12:04,480
FACTORS WE NOT ONLY REDUCE 

8617
06:12:04,480 --> 06:12:06,280
CLINICAL SYMPTOMS BUT BUFFER 

8618
06:12:06,280 --> 06:12:14,160
WHOLE PERSON BURDEN OF CHRONIC 

8619
06:12:14,160 --> 06:12:14,360
PAIN. 

8620
06:12:14,360 --> 06:12:18,000
NOW, WHEN WE STARTED THIS TALK, 

8621
06:12:18,000 --> 06:12:22,120
I ASKED YOU ALL IF WE WERE READY

8622
06:12:22,120 --> 06:12:25,240
FOR A FUNCTIONAL MODEL. 

8623
06:12:25,240 --> 06:12:25,920
FOR CHRONIC PAIN. 

8624
06:12:25,920 --> 06:12:28,520
WE WANT ONE THAT IS 

8625
06:12:28,520 --> 06:12:30,400
THEORETICALLY SUPPORTED AND THAT

8626
06:12:30,400 --> 06:12:31,880
THERE IS GOOD EVIDENCE AND THAT 

8627
06:12:31,880 --> 06:12:35,160
IS ASSOCIATED WITH WHOLE PERSON 

8628
06:12:35,160 --> 06:12:35,960
BALANCE. 

8629
06:12:35,960 --> 06:12:38,360
THAT IS SENSITIVE TO RISK AND 

8630
06:12:38,360 --> 06:12:40,480
RESILIENCE FACTORS AND THAT 

8631
06:12:40,480 --> 06:12:43,720
OFFERS BIOMARKERS FOR RESEARCH 

8632
06:12:43,720 --> 06:12:46,440
AND THAT WE ARE CURRENTLY 

8633
06:12:46,440 --> 06:12:48,440
WORKING ON PATIENT CARE PART. 

8634
06:12:48,440 --> 06:12:53,600
SO, THE ANSWER SEEMS LIKE YES TO

8635
06:12:53,600 --> 06:12:56,680
ME. 

8636
06:12:56,680 --> 06:13:02,280
WITH THAT I WOULD LIKE TO 

8637
06:13:02,280 --> 06:13:03,960
EXPRESS GREAT APPRECIATION FOR 

8638
06:13:03,960 --> 06:13:06,400
FUNDING THAT SUPPORTED OUR 

8639
06:13:06,400 --> 06:13:10,320
RESEARCH AND THE INCREDIBLE TEAM

8640
06:13:10,320 --> 06:13:11,560
OF COLLABORATORS AND COLLEAGUES 

8641
06:13:11,560 --> 06:13:14,880
THAT WORK WITH US ON THE PAIN 

8642
06:13:14,880 --> 06:13:15,080
TRAIL. 

8643
06:13:15,080 --> 06:13:18,360
AND ALL OF THE PUBLICATIONS THAT

8644
06:13:18,360 --> 06:13:20,920
I RAN THROUGH RATHER QUICKLY ARE

8645
06:13:20,920 --> 06:13:23,000
AVAILABLE WITH LINKS ON OUR 

8646
06:13:23,000 --> 06:13:24,720
WEBSITE.  I ALSO HAVE INCLUDED 

8647
06:13:24,720 --> 06:13:26,400
MY E-MAIL IN CASE ANYONE WOULD 

8648
06:13:26,400 --> 06:13:28,560
LIKE TO GET AHOLD OF ME AND ASK 

8649
06:13:28,560 --> 06:13:31,280
ANY QUESTIONS OR OFFER ANY 

8650
06:13:31,280 --> 06:13:31,560
COMMENTS. 

8651
06:13:31,560 --> 06:13:33,480
THANK YOU AGAIN FOR BEING HERE 

8652
06:13:33,480 --> 06:13:35,520
AND WISHING YOU HAPPY AND 

8653
06:13:35,520 --> 06:13:43,720
HEALTHY TRAILS TO EACH OF YOU. 

8654
06:13:43,720 --> 06:13:44,760
THANK YOU. 

8655
06:13:44,760 --> 06:13:46,880
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
VERY, 

8656
06:13:46,880 --> 06:13:47,360
VERY MUCH. 

8657
06:13:47,360 --> 06:13:48,760
THIS IS GREAT.  

8658
06:13:48,760 --> 06:13:50,400
NOW, WE ARE READY FOR THE -- FOR

8659
06:13:50,400 --> 06:13:54,040
ALL OF THE QUESTIONS THAT YOU 

8660
06:13:54,040 --> 06:13:58,960
MAY HAVE AND PLEASE DO USE THE 

8661
06:13:58,960 --> 06:13:59,200
MICS. 

8662
06:13:59,200 --> 06:14:01,600
AND, YOU KNOW, JUST TO GIVE YOU 

8663
06:14:01,600 --> 06:14:03,280
A LITTLE BIT OF TIME TO COME UP 

8664
06:14:03,280 --> 06:14:05,760
WITH A QUESTION.  I HAVE MY OWN 

8665
06:14:05,760 --> 06:14:08,360
QUESTIONS TO THE SPEAKERS. 

8666
06:14:08,360 --> 06:14:10,360
SO, I WOULD LIKE TO START MAYBE 

8667
06:14:10,360 --> 06:14:11,200
WITH EMILY. 

8668
06:14:11,200 --> 06:14:13,080
SO, THE QUESTION WOULD BE -- SO,

8669
06:14:13,080 --> 06:14:15,240
THIS IS A VERY INTERESTING 

8670
06:14:15,240 --> 06:14:17,520
CONCEPT TO HAVE THIS REDISTILL 

8671
06:14:17,520 --> 06:14:20,640
INDEX THAT COULD BE A REALLY 

8672
06:14:20,640 --> 06:14:22,920
GREAT FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE AND 

8673
06:14:22,920 --> 06:14:25,360
WHAT WOULD THE OTHER MEASURES OF

8674
06:14:25,360 --> 06:14:27,680
RESILIENCE THAT YOU WOULD LIKE 

8675
06:14:27,680 --> 06:14:32,640
TO OFFER MAYBE FOR MECHANISTIC 

8676
06:14:32,640 --> 06:14:34,360
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH MORE THAN

8677
06:14:34,360 --> 06:14:41,520
JUST [INDISCERNIBLE]. 

8678
06:14:41,520 --> 06:14:43,600
>>CAN YOU HEAR ME?  

8679
06:14:43,600 --> 06:14:46,280
>>YEAH.  GREAT QUESTION. 
YOU 

8680
06:14:46,280 --> 06:14:48,600
CAN IMAGINE THAT THERE IS AN 

8681
06:14:48,600 --> 06:14:52,200
INCREDIBLE AMOUNT OF DIFFERENT 

8682
06:14:52,200 --> 06:14:55,120
FACTORS THAT ONE COULD INCLUDE 

8683
06:14:55,120 --> 06:14:57,160
IN VARIOUS MODELING PROCEDURES 

8684
06:14:57,160 --> 06:15:01,080
AND I'M HOPING TO DO SOME OF 

8685
06:15:01,080 --> 06:15:03,360
THIS WORK WITH KNEE ARTHROMRAFTY

8686
06:15:03,360 --> 06:15:05,240
SOON AND THINKING OF DIFFERENT 

8687
06:15:05,240 --> 06:15:06,760
FACTORS.  SLEEP OBVIOUSLY IS 

8688
06:15:06,760 --> 06:15:09,920
VERY IMPORTANT AND THINKING OF 

8689
06:15:09,920 --> 06:15:11,120
BEHAVIORAL FACTORS SLEEP AND 

8690
06:15:11,120 --> 06:15:13,000
DIET NUTRITION AND EXERCISE AND 

8691
06:15:13,000 --> 06:15:17,000
HOW MUCH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ONE 

8692
06:15:17,000 --> 06:15:18,360
GETS THAT ARE INCREDIBLY 

8693
06:15:18,360 --> 06:15:20,240
IMPORTANT FACTORS WE WOULD LIKE 

8694
06:15:20,240 --> 06:15:23,640
TO INCLUDE IN MULTISYSTEM 

8695
06:15:23,640 --> 06:15:25,880
RESILIENCE MODEL AND TRADITIONAL

8696
06:15:25,880 --> 06:15:28,280
PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELS NO THE JUST

8697
06:15:28,280 --> 06:15:29,760
RESILIENCE MEASURES SUCH AS HOPE

8698
06:15:29,760 --> 06:15:31,080
AND OPTIMISM AND RISK FACTORS 

8699
06:15:31,080 --> 06:15:32,440
THAT IS IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT 

8700
06:15:32,440 --> 06:15:36,720
THAT AND INTERACTIVE EFFECTS 

8701
06:15:36,720 --> 06:15:39,920
WITH VARIOUS KIND OF MORE 

8702
06:15:39,920 --> 06:15:40,840
TRADITIONAL POSITIVE 

8703
06:15:40,840 --> 06:15:43,680
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASURES 

8704
06:15:43,680 --> 06:15:45,000
CATASTROPHIZING AND PERCEIVED 

8705
06:15:45,000 --> 06:15:47,960
STRESS AND LOOKING ALSO AT THIS 

8706
06:15:47,960 --> 06:15:51,400
ACROSS VARIOUS BIOLOGICAL 

8707
06:15:51,400 --> 06:15:56,200
SYSTEMS AND CORTISOL AND HEART 

8708
06:15:56,200 --> 06:15:57,640
RATE VARIABILITY AND EVIDENCE 

8709
06:15:57,640 --> 06:16:04,040
THAT THOSE ARE AFFILIATED WITH 

8710
06:16:04,040 --> 06:16:06,960
RESILIENCE RESPONSES CUTTING 

8711
06:16:06,960 --> 06:16:09,120
ACROSS VARIOUS DOMAINS AND 

8712
06:16:09,120 --> 06:16:13,120
LOOKING AT IT IN TERMS OF THOSE 

8713
06:16:13,120 --> 06:16:15,760
WOULD BE KIND OF IMPORTANT 

8714
06:16:15,760 --> 06:16:17,760
FACTORS I WOULD THINK WOULD BE 

8715
06:16:17,760 --> 06:16:19,120
IMPORTANT TO INCLUDE IN SOME 

8716
06:16:19,120 --> 06:16:21,280
MODELS AND I WOULD BE ACTUALLY 

8717
06:16:21,280 --> 06:16:24,000
INTERESTED TO HEAR ABOUT THAT 

8718
06:16:24,000 --> 06:16:26,400
FROM THE OTHER PANELISTS HERE 

8719
06:16:26,400 --> 06:16:28,440
LIKE WHAT WOW INCLUDE IN YOUR 

8720
06:16:28,440 --> 06:16:35,680
VARIOUS MODELS AS WELL?  

8721
06:16:35,680 --> 06:16:38,960
>>YOU KNOW, OF COURSE IN
MY 

8722
06:16:38,960 --> 06:16:42,360
EXPERTISE AND VIEW I WILL 

8723
06:16:42,360 --> 06:16:43,920
INCLUDE NAMING MARKER OF 

8724
06:16:43,920 --> 06:16:44,600
RESPONSE. 

8725
06:16:44,600 --> 06:16:49,240
AND I THINK THAT IF WE LOOK AT 

8726
06:16:49,240 --> 06:16:52,120
OTHER DISCIPLINES FOR EXAMPLE IN

8727
06:16:52,120 --> 06:16:56,640
DIABETES, MARKER IS NOT LEVEL OF

8728
06:16:56,640 --> 06:17:00,120
GLUCOSE BUT MARKER IS RIGHT OF 

8729
06:17:00,120 --> 06:17:02,680
[INDISCERNIBLE] OF GLUCOSE. 

8730
06:17:02,680 --> 06:17:04,960
I THINK THIS IS AT LEAST I WOULD

8731
06:17:04,960 --> 06:17:08,680
LIKE TO THINK NOW HOW I CAN COME

8732
06:17:08,680 --> 06:17:17,120
UP WITH A RESPONSE THAT WILL BE 

8733
06:17:17,120 --> 06:17:19,680
REFLECTIVE OF OUR -- ASKING TWO 

8734
06:17:19,680 --> 06:17:20,920
DIFFERENT QUESTIONS. 

8735
06:17:20,920 --> 06:17:22,560
FIRST, WHERE BODY OF PERSON IS. 

8736
06:17:22,560 --> 06:17:24,840
>>YEAH. 

8737
06:17:24,840 --> 06:17:29,200
>>FIRST IS CAN PERSON
RESPOND 

8738
06:17:29,200 --> 06:17:31,720
TO THERAPY OR STIMULATION?  

8739
06:17:31,720 --> 06:17:36,440
SECOND, IF NOT, THEN WHY AND 

8740
06:17:36,440 --> 06:17:40,560
WHAT WE CAN DO ABOUT THIS AND AS

8741
06:17:40,560 --> 06:17:44,800
A MARKER I THINK RATE OF RIGHTS 

8742
06:17:44,800 --> 06:17:46,200
WOULD BE VERY GOOD MARKER. 

8743
06:17:46,200 --> 06:17:48,240
>>UNDERSTANDING THAT
DYNAMIC. 

8744
06:17:48,240 --> 06:17:50,920
>>RIGHT.  HOW WELL PERSON
CAN 

8745
06:17:50,920 --> 06:17:51,200
RESPOND. 

8746
06:17:51,200 --> 06:17:53,600
>>RIGHT.  YEAH. 

8747
06:17:53,600 --> 06:17:56,240
>>OKAY.  

8748
06:17:56,240 --> 06:17:58,600
>>HAVING BEEN A CLINICIAN
FOR A

8749
06:17:58,600 --> 06:18:04,600
NUMBER OF YEARS WORKING IN AREA 

8750
06:18:04,600 --> 06:18:11,120
OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE I TEND

8751
06:18:11,120 --> 06:18:14,160
TO BE PROGRAMATIC AND I THINK 

8752
06:18:14,160 --> 06:18:16,200
ABOUT WHAT I CAN PUT IN 

8753
06:18:16,200 --> 06:18:18,320
PHYSICIANS HANDS SOMETHING THEY 

8754
06:18:18,320 --> 06:18:20,000
CAN LOOK AT AND ANSWER QUICKLY 

8755
06:18:20,000 --> 06:18:22,280
AND FIGURE OUT WHERE TO SEND 

8756
06:18:22,280 --> 06:18:24,360
PEOPLE AND THINK THAT SIMPLER WE

8757
06:18:24,360 --> 06:18:27,960
KEEP THINGS AND MORE TARGETED, 

8758
06:18:27,960 --> 06:18:31,120
THE GREATER THE LIKELIHOOD WE 

8759
06:18:31,120 --> 06:18:34,400
WILL SEE BENEFIT.  IN REGARD TO 

8760
06:18:34,400 --> 06:18:37,960
RESILIENCE INDEX, I THINK WHERE 

8761
06:18:37,960 --> 06:18:42,080
WE ARE HEADING NOW ARE YOU KNOW,

8762
06:18:42,080 --> 06:18:46,080
KEY MODIFIABLE AND TARGETED 

8763
06:18:46,080 --> 06:18:47,880
AREAS ERRAND THERE MORE?  

8764
06:18:47,880 --> 06:18:51,600
ABSOLUTELY.  YOU KNOW, IF WE CAN

8765
06:18:51,600 --> 06:18:55,880
IDENTIFY A NUMBER OF KEY LESS 

8766
06:18:55,880 --> 06:18:57,080
THAN 10 AND SOMETHING THAT COULD

8767
06:18:57,080 --> 06:19:00,200
BE DONE IN 10 TO 15 MINUTES; 

8768
06:19:00,200 --> 06:19:00,760
RIGHT?  

8769
06:19:00,760 --> 06:19:02,800
AND WE KNOW HAVE AN IMPACT AND 

8770
06:19:02,800 --> 06:19:06,000
THINK WHEN WE LOOK AT 

8771
06:19:06,000 --> 06:19:11,200
DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL PAIN AND

8772
06:19:11,200 --> 06:19:13,720
SYMPTOM RESPONSE AND SEE A 

8773
06:19:13,720 --> 06:19:15,880
SIGNAL IN THE BRAIN IN TELOMERE 

8774
06:19:15,880 --> 06:19:18,320
LENGTH AND CLINICAL CAN CAN 

8775
06:19:18,320 --> 06:19:20,880
COMPOSITE OF STRESS FUNCTIONING 

8776
06:19:20,880 --> 06:19:22,280
IS INCREDIBLE FOR SOMETHING AS 

8777
06:19:22,280 --> 06:19:23,840
SLEEPING A LITTLE MORE AND 

8778
06:19:23,840 --> 06:19:27,360
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY BMI AND 

8779
06:19:27,360 --> 06:19:31,320
HAVING A MORE POSITIVE PATTERN 

8780
06:19:31,320 --> 06:19:32,400
OF THINKING. 

8781
06:19:32,400 --> 06:19:34,560
INCREDIBLE PARTICULARLY WHEN 

8782
06:19:34,560 --> 06:19:36,200
MEASURES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH 

8783
06:19:36,200 --> 06:19:37,880
INCREASED MORBIDITY AND 

8784
06:19:37,880 --> 06:19:40,600
MORTALITY AND THAT IS MY VOTE.  

8785
06:19:40,600 --> 06:19:41,880
THE OTHER THING IS WE WERE 

8786
06:19:41,880 --> 06:19:43,120
STARTING TO TALK ABOUT IT.  IT 

8787
06:19:43,120 --> 06:19:46,440
IS NOT SO MUCH WHAT YOU HAVE 

8788
06:19:46,440 --> 06:19:51,040
ASKED.  I THINK THAT WITH DR. 

8789
06:19:51,040 --> 06:19:52,360
CHEKOS'S WORK YOU HEARD ABOUT IT

8790
06:19:52,360 --> 06:19:55,920
IN OTHER TALKS I WILL PUSH AS 

8791
06:19:55,920 --> 06:19:59,520
YOU SAW THAT HORMESIS ISSUE AND 

8792
06:19:59,520 --> 06:20:01,680
WE HAVE TO THINK DIFFERENTLY 

8793
06:20:01,680 --> 06:20:03,280
ABOUT CHRONIC PAIN AND THINK WE 

8794
06:20:03,280 --> 06:20:06,360
HAVE TO BE THOUGHTFUL ABOUT AS 

8795
06:20:06,360 --> 06:20:08,720
RESEARCHERS AND HEALTH CARE 

8796
06:20:08,720 --> 06:20:10,560
PROVIDERS, THERE WILL BE SOME 

8797
06:20:10,560 --> 06:20:12,680
PEOPLE THAT RESPOND VERY QUICKLY

8798
06:20:12,680 --> 06:20:17,440
BECAUSE SYSTEMS ARE ADAPTIVE AND

8799
06:20:17,440 --> 06:20:19,520
PHYSIOLOGICALLY RESPONSIVE SOME 

8800
06:20:19,520 --> 06:20:21,320
PEOPLE ARE STARTING TO SHOW 

8801
06:20:21,320 --> 06:20:22,760
PHYSIOLOGICAL DISREGULATION AND 

8802
06:20:22,760 --> 06:20:24,840
ARE PEOPLE THAT HAVE BEEN LIVING

8803
06:20:24,840 --> 06:20:27,280
WITH LONG-TERM PAIN AND OTHER 

8804
06:20:27,280 --> 06:20:28,680
LIFE STRESSORS AND SYSTEMS ARE 

8805
06:20:28,680 --> 06:20:32,320
NOT ADAPTIVE.  THAT DOESN'T MEAN

8806
06:20:32,320 --> 06:20:33,480
THAT SOMETHING WON'T WORK. 

8807
06:20:33,480 --> 06:20:37,360
IT JUST MEANS THAT WE HAVE NOT 

8808
06:20:37,360 --> 06:20:39,800
EVEN STARTED LOOKING AT YET.  WE

8809
06:20:39,800 --> 06:20:42,360
KNOW IN AGING RESEARCH THAT I 

8810
06:20:42,360 --> 06:20:44,560
THINK APPLIES HERE THAT IS THAT 

8811
06:20:44,560 --> 06:20:47,600
THERE WILL BE SLOWER TO RESPOND.

8812
06:20:47,600 --> 06:20:51,960
THEY MAY NEED MORE 

8813
06:20:51,960 --> 06:20:52,400
INTERVENTIONS. 

8814
06:20:52,400 --> 06:20:52,680
THANK YOU. 

8815
06:20:52,680 --> 06:20:54,840
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
SO 

8816
06:20:54,840 --> 06:20:58,040
MUCH.  I HAVE NOW THE -- ANOTHER

8817
06:20:58,040 --> 06:21:01,480
QUESTION THAT IS TO OUR 

8818
06:21:01,480 --> 06:21:02,360
SPEAKERS. 

8819
06:21:02,360 --> 06:21:04,680
THIS IS ABOUT ADAPTIVE FORMATIVE

8820
06:21:04,680 --> 06:21:06,400
RESPONSE THAT IS SO SUBSTANTIAL 

8821
06:21:06,400 --> 06:21:09,680
IN THE STUDY AND DATA THAT YOU 

8822
06:21:09,680 --> 06:21:10,800
DEMONSTRATED THAT HOW IT 

8823
06:21:10,800 --> 06:21:13,640
HAPPENED THAT IT WAS COMPLETELY 

8824
06:21:13,640 --> 06:21:13,960
OVERLOOKED?  

8825
06:21:13,960 --> 06:21:16,600
YOU KNOW, ALL OF THE PREVIOUS 

8826
06:21:16,600 --> 06:21:19,320
RESEARCH ON PAIN AND CHRONIC 

8827
06:21:19,320 --> 06:21:19,520
PAIN. 

8828
06:21:19,520 --> 06:21:22,920
>>YEAH.  THIS IS A GOOD 

8829
06:21:22,920 --> 06:21:24,920
QUESTION.  

8830
06:21:24,920 --> 06:21:29,200
AND I CAN SUGGEST TWO MAJOR 

8831
06:21:29,200 --> 06:21:31,280
REGIONS THAT I THINK THE REASON 

8832
06:21:31,280 --> 06:21:33,360
WE CAN TREAT PAIN EFFICIENTLY IS

8833
06:21:33,360 --> 06:21:34,960
WE ARE MISSING SOMETHING AND I 

8834
06:21:34,960 --> 06:21:36,840
GUESS WE ARE TRYING THINGS AND 

8835
06:21:36,840 --> 06:21:38,320
WE ARE MISSING SOMETHING. 

8836
06:21:38,320 --> 06:21:40,480
I THINK THAT WE HAVE, YOU KNOW, 

8837
06:21:40,480 --> 06:21:42,360
TWO MAJOR PROBLEMS. 

8838
06:21:42,360 --> 06:21:44,680
SO, MOSTLY BECAUSE WE -- WE -- 

8839
06:21:44,680 --> 06:21:47,120
ALTHOUGH WE SAY IT IS ACUTE AND 

8840
06:21:47,120 --> 06:21:48,680
CHRONIC PAIN THAT IS NOT THE 

8841
06:21:48,680 --> 06:21:51,440
SAME PAIN, I THINK IN OUR MIND 

8842
06:21:51,440 --> 06:21:54,240
NOW WE STILL THINK IS CHRONIC 

8843
06:21:54,240 --> 06:21:56,400
PAIN AND JUST ACUTE PAIN THAT 

8844
06:21:56,400 --> 06:21:59,640
DID NOT RESULT; RIGHT?  

8845
06:21:59,640 --> 06:22:03,920
THAT IS WHY WE THINK THAT -- 

8846
06:22:03,920 --> 06:22:07,680
THAT ALL BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES 

8847
06:22:07,680 --> 06:22:09,440
SHOULD BE LINEAR AND INTERESTING

8848
06:22:09,440 --> 06:22:11,320
TO SEE AND WE NEVER TALK ABOUT 

8849
06:22:11,320 --> 06:22:13,520
THIS USING SAME WORD; RIGHT?  

8850
06:22:13,520 --> 06:22:15,320
RESPONSES ARE NOT LINEAR. 

8851
06:22:15,320 --> 06:22:17,360
ALL OUR CONCEPTUAL MODELS 

8852
06:22:17,360 --> 06:22:19,120
SUGGEST THAT RESPONSES ARE 

8853
06:22:19,120 --> 06:22:19,880
LINEAR. 

8854
06:22:19,880 --> 06:22:22,440
SO, IF CHRONIC PAIN IN PATIENTS 

8855
06:22:22,440 --> 06:22:24,840
HAVE INFLAMMATION MEANS, AGAIN, 

8856
06:22:24,840 --> 06:22:27,360
THE -- AND IT SHOULD BE -- THERE

8857
06:22:27,360 --> 06:22:30,280
SHOULD BE INCREASING AND IT IS A

8858
06:22:30,280 --> 06:22:34,400
BIG PROCESS AND INFLAMMATION IS 

8859
06:22:34,400 --> 06:22:35,480
BAD. 

8860
06:22:35,480 --> 06:22:39,480
SO, WE -- WE -- IF WE THINK THAT

8861
06:22:39,480 --> 06:22:41,360
IT MIGHT NOT BE LINEAR, WE 

8862
06:22:41,360 --> 06:22:45,640
SHOULD MEASURE OUR MARKER 

8863
06:22:45,640 --> 06:22:45,920
FREQUENTLY. 

8864
06:22:45,920 --> 06:22:48,920
AND LOOK AT THE PATTERN AGAIN 

8865
06:22:48,920 --> 06:22:52,600
RATHER THAN SUGGEST IF YOU HAVE 

8866
06:22:52,600 --> 06:22:59,720
TWO MEASURES, THIS IS HOW 

8867
06:22:59,720 --> 06:23:01,360
RESPONSE SHOULD EVOLVE. 

8868
06:23:01,360 --> 06:23:04,440
ALSO, WORKING WITH HUMAN, NOW 

8869
06:23:04,440 --> 06:23:05,840
IMAGINE THAT EVERY TIME TALKING 

8870
06:23:05,840 --> 06:23:07,840
TO HUMAN ABOUT HUMAN EACH 

8871
06:23:07,840 --> 06:23:09,840
PATIENT IS A LITTLE IN A 

8872
06:23:09,840 --> 06:23:12,200
DIFFERENT STAGE OF INVERTED 

8873
06:23:12,200 --> 06:23:14,080
U-SHAPE THAT IS VERY DIFFICULT 

8874
06:23:14,080 --> 06:23:17,080
TO GET SYNCHRONIZED PEOPLE AND 

8875
06:23:17,080 --> 06:23:19,080
THINK WE SIMPLY GET VERY LUCKY 

8876
06:23:19,080 --> 06:23:20,920
WE HAVE SUCH A BLACK AND WHITE 

8877
06:23:20,920 --> 06:23:21,320
RESPONSE. 

8878
06:23:21,320 --> 06:23:23,520
THIS COHORT IS VERY SYNCHRONIZED

8879
06:23:23,520 --> 06:23:25,360
AND WE CAN TALK ABOUT HOW IT HAS

8880
06:23:25,360 --> 06:23:29,560
BEEN ACHIEVED AND IT WAS AND IN 

8881
06:23:29,560 --> 06:23:31,200
COMPARISON OF ANY OTHER COHORT I

8882
06:23:31,200 --> 06:23:33,200
LOOK AFTER AND FINALLY WOULD 

8883
06:23:33,200 --> 06:23:35,480
LIKE TO SAY ONE MORE THOUGHT 

8884
06:23:35,480 --> 06:23:37,960
THAT BECAUSE WE THINK THAT EVEN 

8885
06:23:37,960 --> 06:23:40,000
WITH -- BECAUSE WE THINK THAT 

8886
06:23:40,000 --> 06:23:42,320
KIND OF CHRONIC PAIN AND JUST 

8887
06:23:42,320 --> 06:23:44,600
ACUTE PAIN IS THE SAME AND JUST 

8888
06:23:44,600 --> 06:23:47,080
CONTINUE AND WE MEASURE IN MICE 

8889
06:23:47,080 --> 06:23:49,320
ALL THE TIME IS ANALGESIC 

8890
06:23:49,320 --> 06:23:51,280
RESPONSE THAT IS, AGAIN, HOW WE 

8891
06:23:51,280 --> 06:23:53,600
THINK AND WE THINK ABOUT 

8892
06:23:53,600 --> 06:23:55,920
IMMEDIATE ANALGESIA THAT IS 

8893
06:23:55,920 --> 06:23:59,560
RATHER THAN ABOUT THIS IS 

8894
06:23:59,560 --> 06:24:00,400
MODIFYING TREATMENT. 

8895
06:24:00,400 --> 06:24:03,360
WE ARE LOOKING FOR ANALGESIC, 

8896
06:24:03,360 --> 06:24:05,320
REALLY.  WE HAVE THEM AND NO 

8897
06:24:05,320 --> 06:24:06,880
PROBLEM; RIGHT?  

8898
06:24:06,880 --> 06:24:08,960
TO CONTROL ACUTE PAIN. 

8899
06:24:08,960 --> 06:24:11,440
YEAH.  I THINK I SHOULD START 

8900
06:24:11,440 --> 06:24:11,640
HERE. 

8901
06:24:11,640 --> 06:24:13,760
I SHOULD TOP HERE; RIGHT?  

8902
06:24:13,760 --> 06:24:15,840
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
VERY 

8903
06:24:15,840 --> 06:24:16,040
MUCH. 

8904
06:24:16,040 --> 06:24:17,640
WE HAVE NOT THAT LONG TO THE END

8905
06:24:17,640 --> 06:24:18,880
OF THE SESSION. 

8906
06:24:18,880 --> 06:24:20,880
SO, IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, THIS 

8907
06:24:20,880 --> 06:24:24,360
WOULD BE THE BEST TIME FOR YOU 

8908
06:24:24,360 --> 06:24:25,880
TO ASK THEM. 

8909
06:24:25,880 --> 06:24:27,520
WE HAVE A QUESTION.  GREAT.  

8910
06:24:27,520 --> 06:24:29,680
>>THANK YOU.  THANK YOU
FOR THE

8911
06:24:29,680 --> 06:24:32,240
GREAT TALKS AND I WAS REALLY 

8912
06:24:32,240 --> 06:24:33,600
INTERESTED IN WHAT DOCTOR WAS 

8913
06:24:33,600 --> 06:24:36,320
SAYING ABOUT DYNAMIC PROCESSES 

8914
06:24:36,320 --> 06:24:37,640
PLAYING OUT WITHIN PEOPLE OVER 

8915
06:24:37,640 --> 06:24:39,160
TIME AND NOTICING LOTS OF 

8916
06:24:39,160 --> 06:24:40,680
THEORIES WE ARE TALKING ABOUT 

8917
06:24:40,680 --> 06:24:42,880
TODAY ARE BASED ON DIFFERENCES 

8918
06:24:42,880 --> 06:24:44,800
BETWEEN PEOPLE AND PEOPLE WITH 

8919
06:24:44,800 --> 06:24:47,360
MORE RESILIENCE TEND TO BE 

8920
06:24:47,360 --> 06:24:49,400
PROTECTED WITH NEGATIVE OUTCOME 

8921
06:24:49,400 --> 06:24:52,600
AND INTERESTED IN HOW YOU ARE 

8922
06:24:52,600 --> 06:24:54,840
EXAMINING THIS OVER TIME AND SO 

8923
06:24:54,840 --> 06:24:56,040
PROCESSES VARY WITHIN OURSELVES 

8924
06:24:56,040 --> 06:24:58,600
AND FOR EXAMPLE MY RESILIENCE IS

8925
06:24:58,600 --> 06:24:59,800
HIGHER RELATIVE TO MY AVERAGE 

8926
06:24:59,800 --> 06:25:02,960
HOW IT PLAYS OUT IN TERMS OF 

8927
06:25:02,960 --> 06:25:06,960
PAIN IMPAIRMENT AND IF YOU HAVE 

8928
06:25:06,960 --> 06:25:09,520
IDEAS ABOUT THAT. 

8929
06:25:09,520 --> 06:25:10,360
>>YOU CAN START. 

8930
06:25:10,360 --> 06:25:14,360
>>I THINK IF I UNDERSTAND
THE 

8931
06:25:14,360 --> 06:25:15,600
QUESTION CORRECTLY I THINK 

8932
06:25:15,600 --> 06:25:18,000
WITHIN THE PERSON, YEAH.  I 

8933
06:25:18,000 --> 06:25:21,080
THINK WE FIRST OF ALL AS A 

8934
06:25:21,080 --> 06:25:24,080
GENETICIST WE HAVE I'M SURE 

8935
06:25:24,080 --> 06:25:25,880
DIFFERENT ABILITY TO RESPOND AND

8936
06:25:25,880 --> 06:25:28,680
DIFFERENT RESILIENCE AND BIG 

8937
06:25:28,680 --> 06:25:31,600
PART OF THEM AND RESPONSE IS 

8938
06:25:31,600 --> 06:25:34,800
GENETICALLY CODED OR CODED BY 

8939
06:25:34,800 --> 06:25:38,720
ALL OUR PREVIOUS EXPERIENCES 

8940
06:25:38,720 --> 06:25:42,760
HOWEVER OF COURSE WE HAVE A BIG 

8941
06:25:42,760 --> 06:25:45,280
FREEDOM AND WE HAVE LARGE 

8942
06:25:45,280 --> 06:25:48,720
MARGINS OF HOW WE CAN EFFECT IT.

8943
06:25:48,720 --> 06:25:51,800
AND I THINK THAT WE HEARD THAT 

8944
06:25:51,800 --> 06:25:56,840
THERE IS A LOT ABOUT -- THAT 

8945
06:25:56,840 --> 06:26:00,600
WHAT LEADS TO EXERTION OF THE 

8946
06:26:00,600 --> 06:26:02,680
SYSTEM BECAUSE WE SAW THIS 

8947
06:26:02,680 --> 06:26:04,920
EXHAUSTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM 

8948
06:26:04,920 --> 06:26:09,040
RESPONSE FOR NEUTROPHILS 

8949
06:26:09,040 --> 06:26:11,000
MICROPHAGES AND IN CELLS OF 

8950
06:26:11,000 --> 06:26:12,480
PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND SO 

8951
06:26:12,480 --> 06:26:15,960
IT IS A MULTIPLE FACTOR THAT 

8952
06:26:15,960 --> 06:26:18,560
ADD, ADD, ADD, ADD TO INABILITY 

8953
06:26:18,560 --> 06:26:22,120
OF SYSTEM TO WRITE RESPONSE. 

8954
06:26:22,120 --> 06:26:25,480
SO, I GUESS ALSO REMOVING FACTOR

8955
06:26:25,480 --> 06:26:30,400
THAT WE CAN REMOVE AND MODIFY 

8956
06:26:30,400 --> 06:26:35,680
AND IMPROVE THEM WHETHER IMPROVE

8957
06:26:35,680 --> 06:26:39,040
OUR INDIVIDUAL ABILITY FOR 

8958
06:26:39,040 --> 06:26:40,480
RESILIENCE AND ADAPTIVE 

8959
06:26:40,480 --> 06:26:40,720
RESPONSE. 

8960
06:26:40,720 --> 06:26:42,720
>>WOULD YOU LIKE TO ADD 

8961
06:26:42,720 --> 06:26:43,080
SOMETHING?  

8962
06:26:43,080 --> 06:26:45,520
>>I WAS PROCESSING WHAT
YOU 

8963
06:26:45,520 --> 06:26:47,000
WERE SAYING.  I THINK THAT IS 

8964
06:26:47,000 --> 06:26:51,160
IMPORTANT TO FOCUS IN ON THE 

8965
06:26:51,160 --> 06:26:53,920
DYNAMICS BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, WHEN

8966
06:26:53,920 --> 06:26:56,840
-- IF LOOKING AT VARIOUS 

8967
06:26:56,840 --> 06:26:58,000
PROFILES HOW ONE PERSON 

8968
06:26:58,000 --> 06:27:00,320
FUNCTIONS AT ONE POINT IN TIME 

8969
06:27:00,320 --> 06:27:02,240
WILL BE VERY DIFFERENT HOW THEY 

8970
06:27:02,240 --> 06:27:03,920
FUNCTION IN VARIOUS POINTS OF 

8971
06:27:03,920 --> 06:27:07,200
TIME AND DEPENDS ON ENVIRONMENT 

8972
06:27:07,200 --> 06:27:08,440
AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS AND 

8973
06:27:08,440 --> 06:27:09,600
STRESSORS THAT ARE IMPORTANT 

8974
06:27:09,600 --> 06:27:11,680
THAT IS LIKELY DETERMINED BY 

8975
06:27:11,680 --> 06:27:13,520
EACH INDIVIDUAL PERSON AND 

8976
06:27:13,520 --> 06:27:15,440
LOOKING THAT INDIVIDUAL 

8977
06:27:15,440 --> 06:27:17,080
DIFFERENCES I THINK ARE VERY 

8978
06:27:17,080 --> 06:27:19,440
IMPORTANT AND IT TAPS INTO 

8979
06:27:19,440 --> 06:27:21,080
CONCEPT OF WHAT RESILIENCE IS 

8980
06:27:21,080 --> 06:27:25,360
THAT IS DYNAMIC ACROSS PEOPLE 

8981
06:27:25,360 --> 06:27:27,320
AND WITHIN PEOPLE. 

8982
06:27:27,320 --> 06:27:30,200
>>IF I COULD ADD, LET'S
SEE, 

8983
06:27:30,200 --> 06:27:32,240
TWO POINTS THAT COME TO MIND IS 

8984
06:27:32,240 --> 06:27:34,800
WITH COMMENTS THAT ARE BEING 

8985
06:27:34,800 --> 06:27:35,640
MADE. 

8986
06:27:35,640 --> 06:27:38,680
SO, YOU KNOW, WHEN WE -- WHEN WE

8987
06:27:38,680 --> 06:27:41,560
THINK ABOUT PHYSIOLOGICAL 

8988
06:27:41,560 --> 06:27:42,360
FUNCTIONING AND INDIVIDUAL 

8989
06:27:42,360 --> 06:27:42,680
DIFFERENCES. 

8990
06:27:42,680 --> 06:27:45,520
WE ARE ALL GOING TO VARY.  OUR 

8991
06:27:45,520 --> 06:27:48,160
LIFE IS DYNAMIC; RIGHT?  

8992
06:27:48,160 --> 06:27:52,960
FOR THE MOST PART, UNLESS THOSE 

8993
06:27:52,960 --> 06:27:55,320
STRESSORS ARE OF SIGNIFICANT 

8994
06:27:55,320 --> 06:27:57,120
MAGNITUDE AND PERSISTING FOR 

8995
06:27:57,120 --> 06:27:58,360
SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF TIME, YOU 

8996
06:27:58,360 --> 06:28:02,080
ARE NOT GOING TO HIT THAT 

8997
06:28:02,080 --> 06:28:04,200
PHYSIOLOGICAL DISREGULATION THAT

8998
06:28:04,200 --> 06:28:07,920
IS CONSISTENT WITH A SIFT THEME 

8999
06:28:07,920 --> 06:28:10,560
IS BECOMING FATIGUED AND 

9000
06:28:10,560 --> 06:28:12,560
NONRESPONSIVE THAT FACTORS WILL 

9001
06:28:12,560 --> 06:28:14,920
STAY DYNAMIC.  PEOPLE WILL 

9002
06:28:14,920 --> 06:28:16,480
REMAIN HEALTHY EVEN THOUGH THERE

9003
06:28:16,480 --> 06:28:18,360
MIGHT BE PERIODS WHERE THEY ARE 

9004
06:28:18,360 --> 06:28:20,360
NOT FEELING WELL. 

9005
06:28:20,360 --> 06:28:21,240
MAKE SENSE?  

9006
06:28:21,240 --> 06:28:25,520
THAT WHEN WE ARE THINKING ABOUT 

9007
06:28:25,520 --> 06:28:30,360
THIS HERMESIS AND BIOLOGICAL 

9008
06:28:30,360 --> 06:28:32,680
DISREGULATION AND WEAR AND TEAR 

9009
06:28:32,680 --> 06:28:36,680
IS WHEN SOMETHING HAS BEEN 

9010
06:28:36,680 --> 06:28:37,800
LONG-TERM PERSISTENT AND 

9011
06:28:37,800 --> 06:28:39,480
DEBILITATING BEFORE YOU START TO

9012
06:28:39,480 --> 06:28:41,240
SEE THAT EXHAUSTION AND 

9013
06:28:41,240 --> 06:28:43,440
HOPEFULLY THAT HELPS TO ANSWER 

9014
06:28:43,440 --> 06:28:45,720
THAT QUESTION, THAT INDIVIDUAL 

9015
06:28:45,720 --> 06:28:46,960
VARIABILITY IS HOPEFULLY 

9016
06:28:46,960 --> 06:28:47,880
INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY. 

9017
06:28:47,880 --> 06:28:49,600
THAT IS ACTUALLY HEALTHY. 

9018
06:28:49,600 --> 06:28:52,040
IT SHOULD BE DYNAMIC AND SHOULD 

9019
06:28:52,040 --> 06:28:54,600
BE REBUST AND YOU SHOULD HAVE 

9020
06:28:54,600 --> 06:28:57,280
RAPID RECOVERY AND GO UP AND 

9021
06:28:57,280 --> 06:28:58,640
DOWN AND FLUCTUATE A LITTLE BIT 

9022
06:28:58,640 --> 06:29:01,160
AND THAT IS OKAY AND AN ADAPTIVE

9023
06:29:01,160 --> 06:29:04,400
SYSTEM THAT I WANT TO MAKE SURE 

9024
06:29:04,400 --> 06:29:05,960
IS CLEAR AND WHEN WE UNDERSTAND 

9025
06:29:05,960 --> 06:29:08,840
AND START TO SEE THIS EXHAUSTION

9026
06:29:08,840 --> 06:29:10,400
BLUNTED, THAT IS DIFFERENT AND 

9027
06:29:10,400 --> 06:29:13,800
IS LONG-TERM BURDEN THAT IS NOW 

9028
06:29:13,800 --> 06:29:18,360
GOTTEN A SYSTEM IN A REALLY 

9029
06:29:18,360 --> 06:29:20,600
DEBILL TATED STATE AND ROLE OF 

9030
06:29:20,600 --> 06:29:22,280
RESILIENCE WHEN WE HAVE AND YOU 

9031
06:29:22,280 --> 06:29:24,840
THINK THAT, GOSH.  WHEN WE HAVE 

9032
06:29:24,840 --> 06:29:28,840
SOMEONE WHO IS PHYSIOLOGICALLY 

9033
06:29:28,840 --> 06:29:30,360
WORN OUGHT LACK OF BETTER 

9034
06:29:30,360 --> 06:29:32,480
PHRASING WE CAN COME IN AND GET 

9035
06:29:32,480 --> 06:29:34,240
THEM SLEEPING BETTER AND IMPROVE

9036
06:29:34,240 --> 06:29:36,560
THEIR DIET AND MAYBE ADD 

9037
06:29:36,560 --> 06:29:41,200
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.  ALL OF THAT 

9038
06:29:41,200 --> 06:29:45,440
PULLS BACK SOME OF THE 

9039
06:29:45,440 --> 06:29:48,640
PHYSIOLOGICAL AROUSAL AND 

9040
06:29:48,640 --> 06:29:49,720
DISREGULATION SUPPRESSING THE 

9041
06:29:49,720 --> 06:29:51,640
SYSTEM AND THAT IS WHERE WE ARE 

9042
06:29:51,640 --> 06:29:53,320
BECAUSE WE HAVE NOT BEEN 

9043
06:29:53,320 --> 06:29:57,200
THINKING OF THIS AS FORMESIS 

9044
06:29:57,200 --> 06:29:58,360
DOSE RESPONSE AND WE HAVEN'T 

9045
06:29:58,360 --> 06:29:59,720
BEEN THINKING AND YOU KNOW WE 

9046
06:29:59,720 --> 06:30:02,920
HAVE BEEN SEEING INCONSISTENCIES

9047
06:30:02,920 --> 06:30:04,640
AND FINDINGS BECAUSE WE HAVE 

9048
06:30:04,640 --> 06:30:06,480
BEEN THINKING LINEARLY AND NOW 

9049
06:30:06,480 --> 06:30:09,120
THAT WE HAVE AN IMPROVED MODEL I

9050
06:30:09,120 --> 06:30:12,560
WILL ARGUE AND WE CAN START TO 

9051
06:30:12,560 --> 06:30:13,760
DIFFERENTIATE WHO IS WHERE AND 

9052
06:30:13,760 --> 06:30:15,640
WE CAN START TO TEST WHAT WE 

9053
06:30:15,640 --> 06:30:18,680
NEED TO DO TO HELP INDIVIDUALS 

9054
06:30:18,680 --> 06:30:20,440
RECALIBRATE AND HELP TO BOLSTER 

9055
06:30:20,440 --> 06:30:22,360
THESE INDIVIDUALS SO THEY DON'T 

9056
06:30:22,360 --> 06:30:24,640
GO INTO LOAD OR OVERLOAD SIDE. 

9057
06:30:24,640 --> 06:30:25,640
IS THAT -- 

9058
06:30:25,640 --> 06:30:28,080
>>ONE MORE QUESTION. 

9059
06:30:28,080 --> 06:30:32,360
THIS IS ALONG THE OVERALL FOCUS 

9060
06:30:32,360 --> 06:30:35,640
OF THIS YEAR IN [INDISCERNIBLE] 

9061
06:30:35,640 --> 06:30:37,920
FOCUSING ON WHOLE PERSON HEALTH 

9062
06:30:37,920 --> 06:30:39,560
AND HOW PAIN IS WHOLE PERSON 

9063
06:30:39,560 --> 06:30:43,080
PROBLEM AND WHAT WOULD BE THE 

9064
06:30:43,080 --> 06:30:47,560
EXAMPLES OF NONINVASETIVE 

9065
06:30:47,560 --> 06:30:49,560
STRATEGIES AND THERAPIES TO 

9066
06:30:49,560 --> 06:30:50,360
PROMOTE A WHOLE PERSON BALANCE 

9067
06:30:50,360 --> 06:30:54,200
THAT IS A QUESTION TO ALL OF 

9068
06:30:54,200 --> 06:30:54,400
YOU. 

9069
06:30:54,400 --> 06:30:56,040
>>I WILL START.  WE ARE
ON THE 

9070
06:30:56,040 --> 06:30:58,960
TOP OF MY HEAD AND WITH MICS 

9071
06:30:58,960 --> 06:31:01,680
CLOSE TO YOU.  YES. 

9072
06:31:01,680 --> 06:31:04,120
WELL, SO -- SO, THIS IS -- YOU 

9073
06:31:04,120 --> 06:31:05,880
KNOW, PROBABLY THIS IS AN 

9074
06:31:05,880 --> 06:31:09,600
INTEREST AREA FOR ALL OF US. 

9075
06:31:09,600 --> 06:31:12,560
SOME -- WHEN DR. WAS ONE OF MY 

9076
06:31:12,560 --> 06:31:16,160
MENTORS AND SO WE HAD ACTUALLY 

9077
06:31:16,160 --> 06:31:21,440
-- HE HAD ILLUMINATED BACK IN 

9078
06:31:21,440 --> 06:31:26,400
2013 I GUESS BENEFITS OF 

9079
06:31:26,400 --> 06:31:28,240
INTERMITTENT FASTING AND WE WERE

9080
06:31:28,240 --> 06:31:30,040
INTERESTED IN THAT PRACTICAL AND

9081
06:31:30,040 --> 06:31:31,920
COMMENTING EARLIER THERE IS SO 

9082
06:31:31,920 --> 06:31:34,360
MUCH BENEFIT TO SIMPLE 

9083
06:31:34,360 --> 06:31:36,480
STRATEGIES OF INTERMITTENT 

9084
06:31:36,480 --> 06:31:39,920
FASTING REDUCING INFLAMMATION 

9085
06:31:39,920 --> 06:31:41,320
AND METABOLIC APPROACHES AND 

9086
06:31:41,320 --> 06:31:44,840
WITH MINIMUM TO 8 TO 16 HOURS OF

9087
06:31:44,840 --> 06:31:45,800
FOOD RESTRICTION THAT COULD BE 

9088
06:31:45,800 --> 06:31:49,160
AS SIMPLE AS EARLY DINNER AND 

9089
06:31:49,160 --> 06:31:53,280
LATE BREAK FAST THAT WE CAN -- 

9090
06:31:53,280 --> 06:31:54,680
NOTHING ELSE COMPLICATED ABOUT 

9091
06:31:54,680 --> 06:31:56,720
IT AND GETTING PEOPLE TO DO THAT

9092
06:31:56,720 --> 06:32:00,200
A FEW TIMES THERE IS HEALTH 

9093
06:32:00,200 --> 06:32:02,840
BENEFITS IMPROVING HOW WE SLEEP 

9094
06:32:02,840 --> 06:32:06,400
AND HEALTH CBT THERE IS THINGS 

9095
06:32:06,400 --> 06:32:10,400
LIKE WEIGHTED BLANKETS AND KNOW 

9096
06:32:10,400 --> 06:32:14,360
EXERCISE CAN HELP AND ALL 

9097
06:32:14,360 --> 06:32:19,040
STRATEGIES WHEN YOU THINK OF TAI

9098
06:32:19,040 --> 06:32:21,440
CHI AND YOGA AND STRATEGIES THAT

9099
06:32:21,440 --> 06:32:23,680
CAN KONL TRIBUTE TO LINE UNOF 

9100
06:32:23,680 --> 06:32:26,400
INDEX WE WERE SHOWING WITH 

9101
06:32:26,400 --> 06:32:30,400
BIOLOGICAL AS WELL AS FUNCTIONAL

9102
06:32:30,400 --> 06:32:31,640
HEALTH BENEFITS. 

9103
06:32:31,640 --> 06:32:33,000
>>I DON'T KNOW IF I HAVE 

9104
06:32:33,000 --> 06:32:38,360
ANYTHING TO ADD ON TO THAT.  IT 

9105
06:32:38,360 --> 06:32:40,680
ENCOMPASSES MULTIPLE DIFFERENT 

9106
06:32:40,680 --> 06:32:42,360
STRATEGIES AND THINKING ABOUT 

9107
06:32:42,360 --> 06:32:44,280
THIS HOLISTICALLY TAPPING INTO 

9108
06:32:44,280 --> 06:32:45,840
PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH AND 

9109
06:32:45,840 --> 06:32:47,680
WHETHER IT BE THROUGH ENGAGING 

9110
06:32:47,680 --> 06:32:50,960
IN VARIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL 

9111
06:32:50,960 --> 06:32:52,680
ADAPTIVE COPING RESPONSES TRYING

9112
06:32:52,680 --> 06:32:55,840
TO AUGMENT THAT SYSTEM AND DIET 

9113
06:32:55,840 --> 06:33:00,520
AND EXERCISE AND TALKED A LITTLE

9114
06:33:00,520 --> 06:33:03,480
ABOUT GUT MICROBIOME THIS 

9115
06:33:03,480 --> 06:33:05,560
MORNING DURING ONE TALK AND 

9116
06:33:05,560 --> 06:33:06,760
INTERESTING RESEARCH STEMMING 

9117
06:33:06,760 --> 06:33:09,240
FROM THAT LOOKING AT GUT 

9118
06:33:09,240 --> 06:33:11,320
MICROBIOME AND INFLAMMATION AND 

9119
06:33:11,320 --> 06:33:13,080
LINKAGES TO PAIN AND THINK IT 

9120
06:33:13,080 --> 06:33:15,120
WILL TAKE MULTIPLE THINGS AND 

9121
06:33:15,120 --> 06:33:16,640
RESOURCES AND MULTIPLE 

9122
06:33:16,640 --> 06:33:18,080
STRATEGIES BUT YOU HAVE TO THINK

9123
06:33:18,080 --> 06:33:20,080
ABOUT THE UNIQUE PERSON AND WHAT

9124
06:33:20,080 --> 06:33:21,680
MAY WORK FOR ONE PERSON IS NOT 

9125
06:33:21,680 --> 06:33:24,360
NECESSARILY GOING TO WORK FOR 

9126
06:33:24,360 --> 06:33:25,160
ANOTHER ONE. 

9127
06:33:25,160 --> 06:33:29,160
IT NEEDS TO BE INDIVIDUALIZED 

9128
06:33:29,160 --> 06:33:34,680
TAPPING INTO PRECISION MEDICINE 

9129
06:33:34,680 --> 06:33:34,960
APPROACH. 

9130
06:33:34,960 --> 06:33:41,240
>>QUESTION ADD TO WHAT IS
SAID 

9131
06:33:41,240 --> 06:33:43,840
FROM MY POINT OF VIEW.  WE HAVE 

9132
06:33:43,840 --> 06:33:46,680
TO HELP PEOPLE TO UPREGULATE 

9133
06:33:46,680 --> 06:33:48,520
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES BODY 

9134
06:33:48,520 --> 06:33:50,840
WOULD START TO DOWNREGULATE 

9135
06:33:50,840 --> 06:33:51,640
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES 

9136
06:33:51,640 --> 06:33:54,320
TRIGGERING ADAPTIVE RESPONSES 

9137
06:33:54,320 --> 06:33:57,480
AND THINKING ABOUT APPROACHES WE

9138
06:33:57,480 --> 06:33:59,760
KNOW WORK FOR CHRONIC PAIN 

9139
06:33:59,760 --> 06:34:03,960
PATIENT MANY ARE ALREADY DOING 

9140
06:34:03,960 --> 06:34:07,720
THIS. ACCU PUNCTURE CONTROLS 

9141
06:34:07,720 --> 06:34:10,360
LOCAL INFORMATION. 

9142
06:34:10,360 --> 06:34:14,440
EXERCISE CREATE AGAIN CONTROL 

9143
06:34:14,440 --> 06:34:19,360
LOCAL INFLAMMATION AND MASSAGE 

9144
06:34:19,360 --> 06:34:23,440
THERAPY DO THE SAME NOT ONLY 

9145
06:34:23,440 --> 06:34:24,880
COMPONENT BUT COULD BE ONE OF 

9146
06:34:24,880 --> 06:34:26,360
THE COMPONENT. 

9147
06:34:26,360 --> 06:34:30,040
>>I WANT TO ADD ON TO
EXTENT WE

9148
06:34:30,040 --> 06:34:33,120
CAN POSSIBLY DO THIS IS TO 

9149
06:34:33,120 --> 06:34:34,360
INTERVENE CRITICAL VERY 

9150
06:34:34,360 --> 06:34:36,880
SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS 

9151
06:34:36,880 --> 06:34:38,600
DOING STRATEGY AT EARLY STAGE OF

9152
06:34:38,600 --> 06:34:44,920
LIFE WHEN THERE IS A LOT OF 

9153
06:34:44,920 --> 06:34:47,440
NEUROPLASTICITY HAPPENING AND 

9154
06:34:47,440 --> 06:34:50,320
LEARNING AND GROWTH WOULD BE 

9155
06:34:50,320 --> 06:34:52,800
EXCELLENT WAY TO MITIGATE 

9156
06:34:52,800 --> 06:34:54,320
PROGRESSIONS TO CHRONIC PAIN 

9157
06:34:54,320 --> 06:34:57,720
BEFORE IT GETS TOO WORSE AND 

9158
06:34:57,720 --> 06:34:59,640
LEARN AT EARLY AGE. 

9159
06:34:59,640 --> 06:35:01,320
>>WE HAVE ONE VERY LAST 

9160
06:35:01,320 --> 06:35:02,880
QUESTION TO PANEL FOR VERY, VERY

9161
06:35:02,880 --> 06:35:06,080
BRIEF ANSWERS AND WE HAVE A 

9162
06:35:06,080 --> 06:35:07,960
MINUTE TO CONCLUDE THE SESSION. 

9163
06:35:07,960 --> 06:35:09,520
>>OKAY.  QUESTION IS
PARTIALLY 

9164
06:35:09,520 --> 06:35:12,360
ANSWERED AND THINK IT IS A 

9165
06:35:12,360 --> 06:35:13,480
CONFERENCE ABOUT PAIN AND 

9166
06:35:13,480 --> 06:35:15,000
COULDN'T WE HAVE EXACT SAME 

9167
06:35:15,000 --> 06:35:17,360
DISCUSSION AT A CONFERENCE ON 

9168
06:35:17,360 --> 06:35:21,840
SAY POST ACUTE COVID SYNDROME?  

9169
06:35:21,840 --> 06:35:26,160
OR VARIETY OF OTHER AREAS WHERE 

9170
06:35:26,160 --> 06:35:32,080
THERE IS A STRESSOR AND RESPONSE

9171
06:35:32,080 --> 06:35:33,800
AND SOMEBODY CAN RESPOND 

9172
06:35:33,800 --> 06:35:34,680
VIGOROUSLY AND RESOLVE OR 

9173
06:35:34,680 --> 06:35:37,720
RESPOND PERHAPS WITH MORE OF A 

9174
06:35:37,720 --> 06:35:39,440
STRUGGLE AND CONTINUE TO HAVE 

9175
06:35:39,440 --> 06:35:41,200
CHRONIC SENTIMENTS THAT TO ME IS

9176
06:35:41,200 --> 06:35:46,040
BLUEPRINT FOR HEALTH; RIGHT?  

9177
06:35:46,040 --> 06:35:49,320
IT IS IMPORTANT WE THINK ABOUT 

9178
06:35:49,320 --> 06:35:52,880
THIS VERY NICE CONCEPT MAPPING 

9179
06:35:52,880 --> 06:35:54,840
OUT NICELY ON WHOLE PERSON 

9180
06:35:54,840 --> 06:35:58,520
HEALTH CONCEPTS THAT WE ARE 

9181
06:35:58,520 --> 06:36:01,880
REALLY VERY INTERESTED IN NCCIH 

9182
06:36:01,880 --> 06:36:03,320
AND THANKING EVERYBODY FOR 

9183
06:36:03,320 --> 06:36:05,520
WONDERFUL CONVERSATIONS THAT IS 

9184
06:36:05,520 --> 06:36:06,480
REALLY GREAT.  THANK YOU. 

9185
06:36:06,480 --> 06:36:09,280
>>SINCE WE HAVE AN
OPPORTUNITY 

9186
06:36:09,280 --> 06:36:11,520
I WANT TO PUT OUT THERE HAVE 

9187
06:36:11,520 --> 06:36:15,760
BEEN NIH CALLS FOR BIOMARKERS 

9188
06:36:15,760 --> 06:36:18,360
FOR PAIN. 

9189
06:36:18,360 --> 06:36:22,200
I -- I DON'T KNOW IF I CAN WISH 

9190
06:36:22,200 --> 06:36:24,400
OR HOPE OR REQUEST THAT WHAT IS 

9191
06:36:24,400 --> 06:36:26,760
GIVEN AND PRESENTED TODAY THAT 

9192
06:36:26,760 --> 06:36:31,560
WE NEED TO MAKE THAT REQUEST 

9193
06:36:31,560 --> 06:36:34,320
BROADER AND THAT IS RECEPTIVE TO

9194
06:36:34,320 --> 06:36:36,800
RECOGNIZING CHRONIC PAIN IS A 

9195
06:36:36,800 --> 06:36:37,720
WHOLE PERSON CONDITION. 

9196
06:36:37,720 --> 06:36:40,200
WE HAVE TO REALLY THINK ABOUT 

9197
06:36:40,200 --> 06:36:41,760
BIOMARKERS THAT ARE REFLECTIVE 

9198
06:36:41,760 --> 06:36:44,200
OF WHOLE PERSON HEALTH. 

9199
06:36:44,200 --> 06:36:45,480
>>THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 

9200
06:36:45,480 --> 06:36:46,880
>>THIS IS A GREAT POINT
WHERE 

9201
06:36:46,880 --> 06:36:48,640
WE CAN CONCLUDE THE SESSION AND 

9202
06:36:48,640 --> 06:36:50,400
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND 

9203
06:36:50,400 --> 06:36:56,240
THANK YOU FOR FASCINATING TALK. 

9204
06:36:56,240 --> 06:37:06,400
>>>>[APPLAUSE]. 

9205
06:37:06,400 --> 06:37:16,640
>>GO AHEAD. 

9206
06:37:25,040 --> 06:37:30,200
>>I VT PLEASURE OF DOING
THE 

9207
06:37:30,200 --> 06:37:31,440
MITCHELL MAX AWARD THIS 

9208
06:37:31,440 --> 06:37:33,520
AFTERNOON.  I HAVE BEEN INVOLVED

9209
06:37:33,520 --> 06:37:38,600
IN SYMPOSIA FOR 18 YEARS NOW 14 

9210
06:37:38,600 --> 06:37:40,360
YEARS IT HAS BEEN SINCE WE 

9211
06:37:40,360 --> 06:37:43,440
STARTED AWARDS AND FIRST TIME I 

9212
06:37:43,440 --> 06:37:45,680
GOT BEST TASK OF SYMPOSIUM AND 

9213
06:37:45,680 --> 06:37:47,400
GOT TO PRESENT AWARDS THAT IS 

9214
06:37:47,400 --> 06:37:51,520
WONDERFUL PART OF THE DAY AND 

9215
06:37:51,520 --> 06:37:53,720
THANKING LEA TO ACTUALLY SET UP 

9216
06:37:53,720 --> 06:37:55,200
THE COMPONENT OF THE SYMPOSIUM 

9217
06:37:55,200 --> 06:37:58,840
THAT IS TO HIGHLIGHT IMPORTANT 

9218
06:37:58,840 --> 06:38:02,040
WORK OF EARLY STAGE CAREER 

9219
06:38:02,040 --> 06:38:03,000
INVESTIGATORS THAT IS IMPORTANT 

9220
06:38:03,000 --> 06:38:04,600
FOR US AS FUTURE DIRECTION OF 

9221
06:38:04,600 --> 06:38:07,440
PAIN RESEARCH THAT WE ARE MOST 

9222
06:38:07,440 --> 06:38:08,840
HAPPY TO RECOGNIZE INCREDIBLE 

9223
06:38:08,840 --> 06:38:10,240
WORK WE HAVE SEEN PRESENTED HERE

9224
06:38:10,240 --> 06:38:13,000
TODAY AND OVER THE YEARS AND SO 

9225
06:38:13,000 --> 06:38:15,400
IT REALLY IS MY PLEASURE TO 

9226
06:38:15,400 --> 06:38:18,360
ANNOUNCE THIS YEAR'S AWARDEE. 

9227
06:38:18,360 --> 06:38:21,360
THE CONSORTIUM AND NIH PAIN 

9228
06:38:21,360 --> 06:38:22,920
CONSORTIUM THAT DEFINITELY 

9229
06:38:22,920 --> 06:38:25,880
RECOGNIZES IMPORTANCE OF 

9230
06:38:25,880 --> 06:38:27,280
SUPPORTING EARLY STAGE 

9231
06:38:27,280 --> 06:38:28,440
INVESTIGATORS AND HOW IMPORTANT 

9232
06:38:28,440 --> 06:38:34,400
IT IS TO HIGHLIGHT AMAZING 

9233
06:38:34,400 --> 06:38:36,520
VARIETY AND THE SCHOLARLY WORK 

9234
06:38:36,520 --> 06:38:39,040
THAT THEY HAVE PRESENTED. 

9235
06:38:39,040 --> 06:38:40,720
MITCHELL MAX WAS VERY COMMITTED 

9236
06:38:40,720 --> 06:38:42,360
TO PAIN RESEARCH AND SPENT MOST 

9237
06:38:42,360 --> 06:38:46,480
OF HIS CAREER HERE AT NIH.  HE 

9238
06:38:46,480 --> 06:38:48,400
ALSO FOUND THAT ONE OF THE MOST 

9239
06:38:48,400 --> 06:38:50,520
IMPORTANT PARTS OF HIS JOB WAS 

9240
06:38:50,520 --> 06:38:52,680
TO TRAIN NEW INVESTIGATORS AND 

9241
06:38:52,680 --> 06:38:55,480
HE DID A PHENOMENAL JOB AT THAT.

9242
06:38:55,480 --> 06:38:59,640
THREE PRESENTERS WE HAD TODAY 

9243
06:38:59,640 --> 06:39:01,160
WERE JUDGED AS FAR AS 

9244
06:39:01,160 --> 06:39:02,520
PRESENTATIONS GO BY PANEL OF 

9245
06:39:02,520 --> 06:39:04,480
STAFF ACROSS THE NIH. 

9246
06:39:04,480 --> 06:39:08,800
AND THEY WERE BASED ON SELECTIVE

9247
06:39:08,800 --> 06:39:10,720
CRITERIA AND PRESENTATION 

9248
06:39:10,720 --> 06:39:13,840
QUALITY AND INNOVATION OF THE 

9249
06:39:13,840 --> 06:39:17,080
WORK AND THE KNOWLEDGE PRESENTED

9250
06:39:17,080 --> 06:39:20,720
BY THE PRESENTERS. 

9251
06:39:20,720 --> 06:39:23,680
THREE FINALISTS ARE -- HAVE DONE

9252
06:39:23,680 --> 06:39:25,520
EQUALLY WONDERFUL JOB AND MADE 

9253
06:39:25,520 --> 06:39:28,320
IT REALLY DIFFICULT FOR 

9254
06:39:28,320 --> 06:39:31,600
PANELISTS WHO VOTED ON CRITERIA 

9255
06:39:31,600 --> 06:39:35,440
TO COME UP WITH THE FINAL 

9256
06:39:35,440 --> 06:39:35,720
AWARDEE. 

9257
06:39:35,720 --> 06:39:37,000
WISH WE COULD GIVE THREE BUT IS 

9258
06:39:37,000 --> 06:39:38,960
NOT SET UP TO DO THAT. 

9259
06:39:38,960 --> 06:39:41,960
SO WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO SAY IS 

9260
06:39:41,960 --> 06:39:44,920
THAT I WAS SO IMPRESSED TODAY BY

9261
06:39:44,920 --> 06:39:48,560
THE BREADTH OF THE WORK THAT WAS

9262
06:39:48,560 --> 06:39:49,960
PRESENTED AND ALSO THE 

9263
06:39:49,960 --> 06:39:52,040
SCIENTIFIC MEANINGFULNESS OF ALL

9264
06:39:52,040 --> 06:39:54,640
THESE DIFFERENT TOPICS WE HAD 

9265
06:39:54,640 --> 06:39:57,120
DR. FRUMKIN TALK TO US ABOUT 

9266
06:39:57,120 --> 06:40:00,680
IMPROVING PREDICTIVE ACCURACY 

9267
06:40:00,680 --> 06:40:07,080
WHO IS LIKELY TO HAVE PROCEDURES

9268
06:40:07,080 --> 06:40:09,720
ON SPINE AND TALKING ABOUT 

9269
06:40:09,720 --> 06:40:10,680
CORRELATION OF SYSTEM CLUSTERS 

9270
06:40:10,680 --> 06:40:14,000
IN CANCER SURVIVORS AND RELATING

9271
06:40:14,000 --> 06:40:18,360
TO BDNF GENOTYPE AND TYLER 

9272
06:40:18,360 --> 06:40:24,920
NELSON TALKED TO US ABOUT MEANS 

9273
06:40:24,920 --> 06:40:27,760
FOR DISCOVERY OF NEW ANALGESIC 

9274
06:40:27,760 --> 06:40:31,240
TARGETS IN ANIMAL MODELS AND 

9275
06:40:31,240 --> 06:40:35,120
WITH THAT SAID I HAVE ENVELOPE 

9276
06:40:35,120 --> 06:40:38,920
PLEASE AND WINNER FOR 2023 MAX 

9277
06:40:38,920 --> 06:40:41,360
AWARD IS TYLER NELSON AND HIS 

9278
06:40:41,360 --> 06:40:43,360
PRESENTATION UNCOVERING 

9279
06:40:43,360 --> 06:40:45,000
THERAPEUTIC SPINAL CORD TARGETS 

9280
06:40:45,000 --> 06:40:46,800
FOR TREATMENT OF NUROPATHIC PAIN

9281
06:40:46,800 --> 06:40:49,000
AND TYLER HAS TO LEAVE SHORTLY 

9282
06:40:49,000 --> 06:40:54,360
SO WE WILL BE VERY QUICK IN OUR 

9283
06:40:54,360 --> 06:40:58,680
PRESENTATION PLEASE DON'T GO 

9284
06:40:58,680 --> 06:41:00,800
AWAY.  AS TYLER WALKS UP TO THE 

9285
06:41:00,800 --> 06:41:02,480
STAGE HERE TO JOIN ME I WILL 

9286
06:41:02,480 --> 06:41:04,400
GIVE YOU A TINY BIT MORE 

9287
06:41:04,400 --> 06:41:05,800
INFORMATION ON HIS BACKGROUND.  

9288
06:41:05,800 --> 06:41:10,400
HE IS CURRENTLY POST DOCTORAL 

9289
06:41:10,400 --> 06:41:14,680
ASSISTANT RESEARCH SCIENTIST AT 

9290
06:41:14,680 --> 06:41:16,080
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY'S PAIN 

9291
06:41:16,080 --> 06:41:18,160
RESEARCH CENTER PHD FROM 

9292
06:41:18,160 --> 06:41:20,800
NEUROBIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF 

9293
06:41:20,800 --> 06:41:23,320
PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AS

9294
06:41:23,320 --> 06:41:24,600
TRAINEE THERE AT PITTSBURGH 

9295
06:41:24,600 --> 06:41:27,000
CENTER FOR PAIN RESEARCH AND 

9296
06:41:27,000 --> 06:41:29,240
DOCTORAL RESEARCH FOCUSED ON 

9297
06:41:29,240 --> 06:41:31,080
SPINAL CORD CIRCUITRY THAT IS 

9298
06:41:31,080 --> 06:41:40,280
UNDERLYING NEUROPATHIC PAIN HE 

9299
06:41:40,280 --> 06:41:43,120
CONTINUED THAT WORK FROM TODAY'S

9300
06:41:43,120 --> 06:41:44,760
CONVERSATION AND HE SUPPORTED 

9301
06:41:44,760 --> 06:41:47,520
WORK FROM NUMBER OF GRANTS IF 

9302
06:41:47,520 --> 06:41:50,360
NIH INCLUDING 232 AWARD 

9303
06:41:50,360 --> 06:41:53,560
INSTITUTIONAL AWARD AND F32 

9304
06:41:53,560 --> 06:41:54,920
INDIVIDUAL AWARD AND F99 MEANT 

9305
06:41:54,920 --> 06:42:04,720
TO BE TRANSITION AWARD INTOAGE 

9306
06:42:04,720 --> 06:42:08,160
INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATOR AND ON 

9307
06:42:08,160 --> 06:42:11,600
HIS WAY -- ROLE IN MANIFESTATION

9308
06:42:11,600 --> 06:42:15,360
AND MAINTENANCE OF NEUROPATHIC 

9309
06:42:15,360 --> 06:42:18,360
PAIN AND WE TODAY RECOGNIZE AND 

9310
06:42:18,360 --> 06:42:21,240
VERY PLEASED TO RECOGNIZE TYLER 

9311
06:42:21,240 --> 06:42:24,120
FOR EXCELLENT POSTER 

9312
06:42:24,120 --> 06:42:28,760
PRESENTATION AND THEN THE ORAL 

9313
06:42:28,760 --> 06:42:30,400
PRESENTATION HE DELIVERED THIS 

9314
06:42:30,400 --> 06:42:31,600
AFTERNOON AND WE WILL PRESENT 

9315
06:42:31,600 --> 06:42:35,240
HIM WITH A FEW DIFFERENT THINGS 

9316
06:42:35,240 --> 06:42:37,880
AND WANT TO MENTION FIRST HE IS 

9317
06:42:37,880 --> 06:42:40,760
ONE OF SEVERAL TALENTED RISING 

9318
06:42:40,760 --> 06:42:42,360
STARS IN PAIN RESEARCH INCLUDING

9319
06:42:42,360 --> 06:42:45,000
TWO CO-PRESENTERS TODAY ON 14 

9320
06:42:45,000 --> 06:42:48,720
ACTUALLY 13.  LE BE FOURTEENTH 

9321
06:42:48,720 --> 06:42:50,200
PRIOR AWARDEE FROM MITCHELL MAX 

9322
06:42:50,200 --> 06:42:52,160
AWARD AND TAKES ME BACK A LITTLE

9323
06:42:52,160 --> 06:42:54,360
BIT AS A WALK DOWN MEMORY LANE 

9324
06:42:54,360 --> 06:43:00,520
AND VERY FIRST AWARDEE WAS CARA 

9325
06:43:00,520 --> 06:43:03,000
RAMOS WHO IS NOW AFTER VERY MANY

9326
06:43:03,000 --> 06:43:04,640
SHORT YEARS A VICE PRESIDENT OF 

9327
06:43:04,640 --> 06:43:06,840
NEUROSCIENCE AND SOCIETY AT DANA

9328
06:43:06,840 --> 06:43:10,400
FOUNDATION AND YOU HAVE A LOT OF

9329
06:43:10,400 --> 06:43:14,360
BIG SHOES TO FILL.  AND CARA'S 

9330
06:43:14,360 --> 06:43:19,880
-- WE AWARDED CARA WITH A PLAQUE

9331
06:43:19,880 --> 06:43:21,160
FOR THE RECOGNITION OF HER 

9332
06:43:21,160 --> 06:43:22,680
WONDERFUL PRESENTATION THAT WE 

9333
06:43:22,680 --> 06:43:26,120
ALSO HAVE FOR TYLER. 

9334
06:43:26,120 --> 06:43:28,760
AND A COINCIDENCE HAPPENED 

9335
06:43:28,760 --> 06:43:31,600
DURING THAT FIRST AWARD CEREMONY

9336
06:43:31,600 --> 06:43:36,880
THAT IS STORY LANDIS DIRECTOR OF

9337
06:43:36,880 --> 06:43:38,400
NINDS NOW SURPRISED TO CARA THAT

9338
06:43:38,400 --> 06:43:40,800
SHE WAS ABOUT TO BE AWARDED A 

9339
06:43:40,800 --> 06:43:43,400
FELLOWSHIP AWARD FROM NINDS. 

9340
06:43:43,400 --> 06:43:45,040
THAT WAS HER SURPRISE ON STAGE 

9341
06:43:45,040 --> 06:43:47,120
AND WE CAN'T REPEAT THAT.  I'M 

9342
06:43:47,120 --> 06:43:51,280
SORRY THAT WAS A COINCIDENCE. 

9343
06:43:51,280 --> 06:43:52,720
WE DO HAVE YOUR PLAQUE. 

9344
06:43:52,720 --> 06:43:55,160
I WILL SEND YOU A BOOK CALLED 

9345
06:43:55,160 --> 06:43:58,400
BEAUTIFUL BRAIN THAT IS AN 

9346
06:43:58,400 --> 06:44:03,240
ILLUSTRATIVE VERSION OF RAMONA 

9347
06:44:03,240 --> 06:44:04,760
CAHAHAL'S DRAWINGS AND T-SHIRT 

9348
06:44:04,760 --> 06:44:08,640
FROM NIH THAT YOU ARE HERE AND 

9349
06:44:08,640 --> 06:44:14,240
THANK YOU SO MUCH. 

9350
06:44:14,240 --> 06:44:24,600
>>OKAY.  NOW, I HAVE THE 

9351
06:44:24,600 --> 06:44:26,960
PLEASURE OF INTRODUCING LAURA 

9352
06:44:26,960 --> 06:44:29,400
AND DON'T KNOW IF THIS IS ON THE

9353
06:44:29,400 --> 06:44:33,200
AGENDA.  THERE IS LAURA.  LAURA 

9354
06:44:33,200 --> 06:44:39,720
HAS DONE SOME AMAZING WORK 

9355
06:44:39,720 --> 06:44:42,600
HELPING TO DEVELOP ENHANCE 

9356
06:44:42,600 --> 06:44:44,800
WORKFORCE OF CLINICAL PAIN 

9357
06:44:44,800 --> 06:44:46,240
RESEARCHERS THAT GOES OR IS 

9358
06:44:46,240 --> 06:44:47,960
COUPLED UP WITH WORK WE ARE 

9359
06:44:47,960 --> 06:44:49,920
DOING FOR ADDITIONAL TRAINING 

9360
06:44:49,920 --> 06:44:52,080
PROGRAMS FOR PRECLINICAL AND 

9361
06:44:52,080 --> 06:44:52,720
[INDISCERNIBLE] RESEARCH AND 

9362
06:44:52,720 --> 06:44:53,120
PAIN. 

9363
06:44:53,120 --> 06:44:55,800
AGAIN, THIS IS THE FUTURE OF OUR

9364
06:44:55,800 --> 06:44:58,400
RESEARCH.  WE WANT REALLY TO 

9365
06:44:58,400 --> 06:45:01,760
PROMOTE SOME GOOD EFFORTS. 

9366
06:45:01,760 --> 06:45:04,440
LAURA HAS PUT TOGETHER MANY 

9367
06:45:04,440 --> 06:45:06,120
PROGRAMS TO ENHANCE CLINICAL 

9368
06:45:06,120 --> 06:45:07,520
RESEARCH NETWORK. 

9369
06:45:07,520 --> 06:45:09,720
THIS AFTERNOON, SHE WILL TALK 

9370
06:45:09,720 --> 06:45:10,760
YOU TO SPECIFICALLY ABOUT A 

9371
06:45:10,760 --> 06:45:13,200
RECENT PROGRAM THAT WAS JUST 

9372
06:45:13,200 --> 06:45:14,400
FUNDED AND JUST LAUNCHED AND 

9373
06:45:14,400 --> 06:45:16,680
LOOKS TO BE SUPER, SUPER 

9374
06:45:16,680 --> 06:45:18,640
EXCITING AND THANK YOU TO LAURA 

9375
06:45:18,640 --> 06:45:19,880
FOR GETTING THAT GOING AND 

9376
06:45:19,880 --> 06:45:24,400
HANDING THE MICROPHONE OVER TO 

9377
06:45:24,400 --> 06:45:24,600
YOU.  

9378
06:45:24,600 --> 06:45:32,360
>>>>OKAY.  THANK
YOU LINDA AND

9379
06:45:32,360 --> 06:45:35,280
EVERYONE.  WE ARE WRAPPING UP.  

9380
06:45:35,280 --> 06:45:36,200
REALLY QUICK AND BRIEF 

9381
06:45:36,200 --> 06:45:39,680
PRESENTATION I WANT TO GIVE A 

9382
06:45:39,680 --> 06:45:41,680
LITTLE BACKGROUND ABOUT THE 

9383
06:45:41,680 --> 06:45:50,400
PURPOSE NETWORK.  IM I'M LAURA  

9384
06:45:50,400 --> 06:45:52,120
PURPOSE OF HEAL FUNDED THIS 

9385
06:45:52,120 --> 06:45:54,360
NETWORK IN OCTOBER OF 2022 AND 

9386
06:45:54,360 --> 06:45:56,360
LITTLE BACKGROUND IF YOU ARE NOT

9387
06:45:56,360 --> 06:45:57,680
AWARE WHAT THE PURPOSE NETWORK 

9388
06:45:57,680 --> 06:45:59,000
IS SO YOU MIGHT CONSIDER JOINING

9389
06:45:59,000 --> 06:46:01,720
US ON THE JOURNEY OF PURPOSE 

9390
06:46:01,720 --> 06:46:04,720
NETWORK AND PURPOSE STANDS FOR 

9391
06:46:04,720 --> 06:46:08,000
POSITIVELY UNITING RESEARCHERS A

9392
06:46:08,000 --> 06:46:10,360
PAIN TO OPINE SYNTHESIZE AND 

9393
06:46:10,360 --> 06:46:12,240
ENGAGE AND GOAL OF THE NETWORK 

9394
06:46:12,240 --> 06:46:15,160
IS TO CONNECT PAIN RESEARCHERS 

9395
06:46:15,160 --> 06:46:16,480
ACROSS CONTINUUM OF PAIN 

9396
06:46:16,480 --> 06:46:17,760
RESEARCH FROM ALL DISCIPLINES 

9397
06:46:17,760 --> 06:46:19,960
AND AT ALL CAREER STAGES THAT IS

9398
06:46:19,960 --> 06:46:22,400
A COORDINATING CENTER AND THE 

9399
06:46:22,400 --> 06:46:24,760
GOAL IS REALLY TO ESTABLISH AND 

9400
06:46:24,760 --> 06:46:26,440
RUN A DIGITAL PLATFORM THAT WILL

9401
06:46:26,440 --> 06:46:29,360
HAVE EVENTS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 

9402
06:46:29,360 --> 06:46:32,080
AND WAY TO CONNECT SOCIALLY AND 

9403
06:46:32,080 --> 06:46:33,400
THROUGHOUT YOUR RESEARCH AND 

9404
06:46:33,400 --> 06:46:35,080
THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND WE ARE 

9405
06:46:35,080 --> 06:46:38,960
ORGANIZING AND RUNNING AN ANNUAL

9406
06:46:38,960 --> 06:46:39,280
MEETING. 

9407
06:46:39,280 --> 06:46:40,800
SO, THE PURPOSE NETWORK WILL 

9408
06:46:40,800 --> 06:46:43,640
PROVIDE A CENTRALIZED COMMUNITY 

9409
06:46:43,640 --> 06:46:45,760
FOR RESEARCHERS ACROSS CONTINUUM

9410
06:46:45,760 --> 06:46:47,360
OF BASIC TRANSLATIONAL AND 

9411
06:46:47,360 --> 06:46:50,080
CLINICAL RESEARCH AND WILL OFFER

9412
06:46:50,080 --> 06:46:51,840
ONGOING WEBINARS AND TRAINING 

9413
06:46:51,840 --> 06:46:52,560
OPPORTUNITIES AND WE WILL 

9414
06:46:52,560 --> 06:46:56,720
DELIVER WEBINARS AND WEEKLY 

9415
06:46:56,720 --> 06:47:00,160
DIGESTS BY E-MAIL AND E-MAIL 

9416
06:47:00,160 --> 06:47:01,800
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY 

9417
06:47:01,800 --> 06:47:03,400
COLLABORATIONS WHEN DEVELOPING 

9418
06:47:03,400 --> 06:47:04,560
GRANT APPLICATIONS AND 

9419
06:47:04,560 --> 06:47:05,800
AGGREGATING INFORMATION ABOUT 

9420
06:47:05,800 --> 06:47:06,920
PAIN RESEARCH ABOUT FUNDING 

9421
06:47:06,920 --> 06:47:10,080
OPPORTUNITIES AND JOB 

9422
06:47:10,080 --> 06:47:11,480
OPPORTUNITIES. 

9423
06:47:11,480 --> 06:47:13,520
SO, AS OF YESTERDAY, MONDAY, 

9424
06:47:13,520 --> 06:47:19,920
JUNE 5TH, WE HAVE 994 

9425
06:47:19,920 --> 06:47:23,360
RESEARCHERS OR NIH STAFF WHO 

9426
06:47:23,360 --> 06:47:25,040
JOINED THE PURPOSE ALREADY AND 

9427
06:47:25,040 --> 06:47:27,840
ALREADY FUNDED NIH RESEARCHERS 

9428
06:47:27,840 --> 06:47:29,360
TO JOIN THE NETWORK AND THOSE 

9429
06:47:29,360 --> 06:47:31,400
INTERESTED IN NIH FUNDING OR 

9430
06:47:31,400 --> 06:47:33,360
STAFF MEMBERS TO JOIN THE 

9431
06:47:33,360 --> 06:47:34,200
PURPOSE NETWORK. 

9432
06:47:34,200 --> 06:47:36,680
AND JUST TO QUICKLY GO OVER SOME

9433
06:47:36,680 --> 06:47:38,240
FEATURES OF THE DIGITAL PLATFORM

9434
06:47:38,240 --> 06:47:41,720
IF YOU HAVE NOT HAD A CHANCE TO 

9435
06:47:41,720 --> 06:47:44,360
CHECK IT OUT, THERE IS A PEOPLE 

9436
06:47:44,360 --> 06:47:46,920
SECTION WHERE YOU CAN FIND 

9437
06:47:46,920 --> 06:47:49,480
PEOPLE'S PROFILES YOU MIGHT WANT

9438
06:47:49,480 --> 06:47:50,920
TO COLLABORATE WITH ON RESEARCH 

9439
06:47:50,920 --> 06:47:52,120
OPPORTUNITIES AND ONGOING 

9440
06:47:52,120 --> 06:47:53,840
STUDIES AND PROJECTS SECTION.  

9441
06:47:53,840 --> 06:47:55,960
YOU CAN UPLOAD INFORMATION ABOUT

9442
06:47:55,960 --> 06:47:57,920
YOUR PROJECTS OR STUDIES SO 

9443
06:47:57,920 --> 06:47:59,000
OTHER RESEARCHERS COULD GET A 

9444
06:47:59,000 --> 06:48:01,360
SENSE OF WORK YOU ARE DOG AND 

9445
06:48:01,360 --> 06:48:02,560
MIGHT BE ABLE TO COLLABORATE 

9446
06:48:02,560 --> 06:48:04,240
WITH IN THE FUTURE AND YOU CAN 

9447
06:48:04,240 --> 06:48:06,200
FIND FUNDING ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

9448
06:48:06,200 --> 06:48:08,760
RIGHT NO YOU THERE IS LOTS OF 

9449
06:48:08,760 --> 06:48:11,040
NIH AND HEAL INITIATIVE FUNDING 

9450
06:48:11,040 --> 06:48:13,040
ANNOUNCEMENTS AND KNOW WE HAVE 

9451
06:48:13,040 --> 06:48:14,280
INNER AGENCY COLLEAGUES IN THE 

9452
06:48:14,280 --> 06:48:15,520
ROOM AND ONLINE AND WOULD LOVE 

9453
06:48:15,520 --> 06:48:21,000
TO ENCOURAGE BA, DOD, FDA, CDC 

9454
06:48:21,000 --> 06:48:23,160
COLLEAGUES TO POST ANY FUNDING 

9455
06:48:23,160 --> 06:48:24,560
ANNOUNCEMENTS ON HERE AS WELL 

9456
06:48:24,560 --> 06:48:25,760
AND YOU CAN POST JOB 

9457
06:48:25,760 --> 06:48:27,120
OPPORTUNITIES UP HERE. 

9458
06:48:27,120 --> 06:48:30,360
YOU CAN FIND UPCOMING EVENTS 

9459
06:48:30,360 --> 06:48:33,200
AND/OR MEETINGS OCCURRING ON OR 

9460
06:48:33,200 --> 06:48:35,040
OFF THE PLATFORM AND WEBINARS 

9461
06:48:35,040 --> 06:48:37,160
AND TRAININGS WILL BE POSTED IN 

9462
06:48:37,160 --> 06:48:38,560
THE MEDIA CENTER. 

9463
06:48:38,560 --> 06:48:40,800
YOU CAN ESTABLISH INFORMAL 

9464
06:48:40,800 --> 06:48:42,680
MENTORING RELATIONSHIPS BY 

9465
06:48:42,680 --> 06:48:47,920
REGISTERING AS A MENTOR OR AS A 

9466
06:48:47,920 --> 06:48:48,160
MENTEE. 

9467
06:48:48,160 --> 06:48:50,960
WE HAD THE FIRST ANNUAL PURPOSE 

9468
06:48:50,960 --> 06:48:54,360
MEETING BETWEEN MAY 11TH AND MAY

9469
06:48:54,360 --> 06:48:57,200
13TH, 2023 AND FIRST YEAR MOSTLY

9470
06:48:57,200 --> 06:48:59,520
FOCUSED ON PROVIDING EDUCATIONAL

9471
06:48:59,520 --> 06:49:01,160
CONTENT AND TRAINING FOR 

9472
06:49:01,160 --> 06:49:03,360
GRADUATE STUDENTS POST DOCS AND 

9473
06:49:03,360 --> 06:49:04,960
EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS AND 

9474
06:49:04,960 --> 06:49:07,120
SESSIONS ARE RECORDED AND WILL 

9475
06:49:07,120 --> 06:49:08,560
BE POSTED ON THE PURPOSE NETWORK

9476
06:49:08,560 --> 06:49:09,920
AND IF YOU DIDN'T HAVE A CHANCE 

9477
06:49:09,920 --> 06:49:12,640
TO ATTEND, WE WOULD LOVE TO HAVE

9478
06:49:12,640 --> 06:49:14,720
YOU LISTEN IN TO SEE SOME 

9479
06:49:14,720 --> 06:49:16,800
SESSIONS AFTER THE FACT AND THAT

9480
06:49:16,800 --> 06:49:19,480
BEING SAID ONLY FEEDBACK WE 

9481
06:49:19,480 --> 06:49:20,880
DIDN'T RECORD FEEDBACK SESSIONS 

9482
06:49:20,880 --> 06:49:23,400
OR SOME WORKSHOPS AND SECOND 

9483
06:49:23,400 --> 06:49:25,200
ANNUAL PURPOSE MEETING DATES AND

9484
06:49:25,200 --> 06:49:28,040
LOCATIONS WILL BE ANNOUNCED THIS

9485
06:49:28,040 --> 06:49:28,280
SUMMER. 

9486
06:49:28,280 --> 06:49:30,120
PLEASE STAY TUNED.  WE WOULD 

9487
06:49:30,120 --> 06:49:31,320
REALLY LOVE TO HAVE EVERYBODY 

9488
06:49:31,320 --> 06:49:33,080
ATTEND THIS MEETING. 

9489
06:49:33,080 --> 06:49:35,240
SECOND MEETING WE WILL REALLY GO

9490
06:49:35,240 --> 06:49:37,560
BEYOND JUST EARLY STAGE 

9491
06:49:37,560 --> 06:49:39,240
INVESTIGATORS AND WE WILL ALSO 

9492
06:49:39,240 --> 06:49:42,400
HAVE CONTENT FOR MID-STAGE 

9493
06:49:42,400 --> 06:49:43,520
INVESTIGATORS AWELL AS LATER 

9494
06:49:43,520 --> 06:49:46,200
CAREER INVESTIGATORS AS WELL. 

9495
06:49:46,200 --> 06:49:48,920
SO, JUST TO GIVE YOU A SENSE 

9496
06:49:48,920 --> 06:49:49,760
WHAT WILL HAPPEN ON PURPOSE 

9497
06:49:49,760 --> 06:49:51,440
PLATFORM THIS YEAR AND WHY YOU 

9498
06:49:51,440 --> 06:49:52,880
MIGHT WANT TO CHECK IT OUT.  

9499
06:49:52,880 --> 06:49:55,880
THIS SUMMER YOU WILL BEGIN TO 

9500
06:49:55,880 --> 06:49:57,640
SEE WEBINARS ON THE PLATFORM AND

9501
06:49:57,640 --> 06:49:59,280
WILL BEGIN TO HAVE OFFICE HOURS 

9502
06:49:59,280 --> 06:50:01,040
WITH NIH PROGRAM OFFICERS AND 

9503
06:50:01,040 --> 06:50:03,640
WILL HAVE OFFICE HAD HOURS WITH 

9504
06:50:03,640 --> 06:50:04,840
RESEARCHERS WHO WILL HELP REVIEW

9505
06:50:04,840 --> 06:50:07,880
AIMS PAGES AS WELL AS RESEARCH 

9506
06:50:07,880 --> 06:50:10,360
CONTENT IDEAS AND PURPOSE 

9507
06:50:10,360 --> 06:50:11,000
ADMINISTRATORS WILL ALSO HOLD 

9508
06:50:11,000 --> 06:50:11,680
OFFICE HOURS. 

9509
06:50:11,680 --> 06:50:14,400
WE ARE HOPING THAT THE COMMUNITY

9510
06:50:14,400 --> 06:50:16,600
GROUPS WILL BEGIN TO BECOME A 

9511
06:50:16,600 --> 06:50:18,200
BIT MORE ACTIVE AND YOU WILL 

9512
06:50:18,200 --> 06:50:20,120
CONTINUE TO SEE ANNOUNCEMENTS 

9513
06:50:20,120 --> 06:50:22,400
BOTH FUNDING ANNOUNCEMENTS AND 

9514
06:50:22,400 --> 06:50:24,560
OTHER JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND 

9515
06:50:24,560 --> 06:50:27,440
ACTIVE NOFOS THAT WILL BE POSTED

9516
06:50:27,440 --> 06:50:28,440
ON THE WEBSITE. 

9517
06:50:28,440 --> 06:50:30,360
THE PURPOSE -- THE PLATFORM 

9518
06:50:30,360 --> 06:50:31,800
PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ABLE TO 

9519
06:50:31,800 --> 06:50:33,800
SHARE INFORMATION ABOUT STUDIES 

9520
06:50:33,800 --> 06:50:35,360
AND PROJECTS AND WORK ON 

9521
06:50:35,360 --> 06:50:38,360
DEVELOPING PROJECT PROPOSALS IN 

9522
06:50:38,360 --> 06:50:40,560
PROTECTED SPACES AND AGAIN 

9523
06:50:40,560 --> 06:50:42,800
ANNOUNCING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND

9524
06:50:42,800 --> 06:50:43,760
WEBINAR TRAININGS THAT PEOPLE 

9525
06:50:43,760 --> 06:50:46,440
MIGHT BE INTERESTED IN. 

9526
06:50:46,440 --> 06:50:48,720
YOU MIGHT BE ABLE TO MEET 

9527
06:50:48,720 --> 06:50:51,160
COLLEAGUES ACROSS SPECTRUM OF 

9528
06:50:51,160 --> 06:50:53,480
PAIN RESEARCH AND FOSTERING 

9529
06:50:53,480 --> 06:50:55,160
OPPORTUNITIES AND HEAL 

9530
06:50:55,160 --> 06:50:58,640
INITIATIVE AWARDED THIS GRANT 

9531
06:50:58,640 --> 06:51:00,720
SUPPORTING PURPOSE NETWORK TO 

9532
06:51:00,720 --> 06:51:01,520
JACOB COVER STONE AT 

9533
06:51:01,520 --> 06:51:02,200
[INDISCERNIBLE] EDUCATION AND IF

9534
06:51:02,200 --> 06:51:04,480
YOU HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE 

9535
06:51:04,480 --> 06:51:05,240
PURPOSE NETWORK FEEL FREE TO 

9536
06:51:05,240 --> 06:51:07,040
REACH OUT TO HIM AND THERE ARE 

9537
06:51:07,040 --> 06:51:09,480
TWO NIH LEADS FOR PURPOSE 

9538
06:51:09,480 --> 06:51:11,320
NETWORK AND I'M PROGRAM OFFICER 

9539
06:51:11,320 --> 06:51:14,360
FOR THIS GRANT AND NETWORK AND 

9540
06:51:14,360 --> 06:51:16,400
DON ELLY TORRES IS PROJECT 

9541
06:51:16,400 --> 06:51:17,560
SCIENTIST.  IF YOU HAVE 

9542
06:51:17,560 --> 06:51:18,840
QUESTIONS OR FEEDBACK FEEL FREE 

9543
06:51:18,840 --> 06:51:22,840
TO REACH OUT TO US. 

9544
06:51:22,840 --> 06:51:24,680
REQUEST AS WE WRAP UP HERE FOR 

9545
06:51:24,680 --> 06:51:26,400
THOSE THAT HAVE NOT JOINED THE 

9546
06:51:26,400 --> 06:51:27,640
PURPOSE NETWORK WE WOULD LOVE TO

9547
06:51:27,640 --> 06:51:29,280
HAVE YOU JOIN AND HAVE THE 

9548
06:51:29,280 --> 06:51:31,640
WEBSITE HERE AS WELL AS THE Q.R.

9549
06:51:31,640 --> 06:51:34,400
CODE AND WOULD LOSS TO ALSO HEAR

9550
06:51:34,400 --> 06:51:35,920
YOUR FEEDBACK AND AS I SAID WE 

9551
06:51:35,920 --> 06:51:37,680
WANT TO GET A SENSE WHAT CONTENT

9552
06:51:37,680 --> 06:51:40,000
YOU ARE LOOKING FOR, FOR THE 

9553
06:51:40,000 --> 06:51:41,720
PLATFORM AND HOW PLATFORM CAN 

9554
06:51:41,720 --> 06:51:43,560
MEET NEEDS OF ALL CAREER STAGES 

9555
06:51:43,560 --> 06:51:45,520
AND WHAT PEOPLE ARE LOOKING FOR,

9556
06:51:45,520 --> 06:51:48,360
FOR THE SECOND ANNUAL MEETING. 

9557
06:51:48,360 --> 06:51:50,120
WITH THAT I WANT TO THANK YOU 

9558
06:51:50,120 --> 06:51:51,760
FOR TIME FOR LETTING ME PRESENT 

9559
06:51:51,760 --> 06:51:54,160
ABOUT THE PURPOSE NETWORK.  WE 

9560
06:51:54,160 --> 06:51:55,960
ARE EXCITE TODAY HAVE THIS 

9561
06:51:55,960 --> 06:51:58,200
COORDINATING CENTER CONNECT PAIN

9562
06:51:58,200 --> 06:51:59,600
FUNDED RESEARCHERS ACROSS THE 

9563
06:51:59,600 --> 06:52:01,560
NIH AND FEEL FREE TO REACH OUT 

9564
06:52:01,560 --> 06:52:03,720
TO ME OR PURPOSE NETWORK IF YOU 

9565
06:52:03,720 --> 06:52:04,920
HAVE QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS OR 

9566
06:52:04,920 --> 06:52:08,480
FEEDBACK AND WITH THAT I WILL 

9567
06:52:08,480 --> 06:52:16,520
WRAP IT UP. 

9568
06:52:16,520 --> 06:52:21,240
>>OKAY.  WE WILL WRAP UP
THE 

9569
06:52:21,240 --> 06:52:24,640
18TH ANNUAL NIH PAIN SYMPOSIUM 

9570
06:52:24,640 --> 06:52:26,240
CONSORTIUM AND THANKING 100 

9571
06:52:26,240 --> 06:52:28,200
PEOPLE WATCHING VIRTUALLY AND 

9572
06:52:28,200 --> 06:52:29,480
APPRECIATE YOU LISTENING IN AND 

9573
06:52:29,480 --> 06:52:30,720
SENDING YOUR QUESTIONS THIS 

9574
06:52:30,720 --> 06:52:32,840
FIRST DAY AND WANT TO THANK 

9575
06:52:32,840 --> 06:52:35,240
SPEAKERS AND CONGRATULATE THE 

9576
06:52:35,240 --> 06:52:37,440
MITCHELL MAX WINNER AS WELL AS 

9577
06:52:37,440 --> 06:52:42,760
THE OTHER PRESENTERS AND WE WILL

9578
06:52:42,760 --> 06:52:46,440
BEGIN AGAIN TOMORROW AT 8:30 

9579
06:52:46,440 --> 06:52:48,400
A.M..  PLEASE JOIN IF IN PERSON 

9580
06:52:48,400 --> 06:52:51,640
AND REGISTRATION STARTS AT 8 

9581
06:52:51,640 --> 06:52:54,360
O'CLOCK PROMPTLY AND IF JOINING 

9582
06:52:54,360 --> 06:52:56,720
VIRTUALLY TUNE IN BEFORE 8:30. 

9583
06:52:56,720 --> 06:52:57,760
LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING YOU 

9584
06:52:57,760 --> 00:00:00,000
TOMORROW.  THANK YOU, EVERYONE.