1 00:00:05,926 --> 00:00:07,060 FOLKS ARE STILL CHECKING IN BUT 2 00:00:07,060 --> 00:00:08,094 WE WANT TO STAY ON TIME BECAUSE 3 00:00:08,094 --> 00:00:10,730 WE HAVE A PACKED DAY. 4 00:00:10,730 --> 00:00:14,434 MY NAME IS LISA BEG THE PROGRAM 5 00:00:14,434 --> 00:00:16,102 PHYSICAL FOR THE BIRCWH PROGRAM 6 00:00:16,102 --> 00:00:17,337 AND IT'S MY PLEASURE TO WELCOME 7 00:00:17,337 --> 00:00:22,275 ALL OF YOU AND THOSE ON 8 00:00:22,275 --> 00:00:23,043 VIDEOCAST TO THE 2023 CONFERENCE 9 00:00:23,043 --> 00:00:28,915 IN PERSON. 10 00:00:28,915 --> 00:00:32,018 DR. CLAYTON WILL OFFICIALLY OPEN 11 00:00:32,018 --> 00:00:33,854 IT AND HAS A NUMBER OF SLIDES 12 00:00:33,854 --> 00:00:35,555 SHE WANTS TO UPDATE EVERYONE ON. 13 00:00:35,555 --> 00:00:37,390 I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE SHE'S BEEN 14 00:00:37,390 --> 00:00:41,795 OUR DIRECTOR SINCE 2012 AND LED 15 00:00:41,795 --> 00:00:44,431 US ABLY AND NOW TAKING ON NEW 16 00:00:44,431 --> 00:00:46,066 ASSIGNMENTS FOR THE NEW WHITE 17 00:00:46,066 --> 00:00:47,467 HOUSE INITIATIVE WHICH SHE'LL GO 18 00:00:47,467 --> 00:00:47,734 INTO. 19 00:00:47,734 --> 00:00:58,111 I WELCOME DR. CLAYTON. 20 00:01:03,083 --> 00:01:07,120 GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE. 21 00:01:07,120 --> 00:01:08,955 WELCOME TO OUR BIRCWH P.I. 22 00:01:08,955 --> 00:01:09,689 SCHOLARS ANNUAL MEETING. 23 00:01:09,689 --> 00:01:14,861 WE'RE DELIGHTED TO BE WITH YOU 24 00:01:14,861 --> 00:01:15,395 IN PERSON. 25 00:01:15,395 --> 00:01:19,266 IT'S BEEN A CHALLENGING TIME AND 26 00:01:19,266 --> 00:01:24,304 GOING TO ACKNOWLEDGE LISA BEGG. 27 00:01:24,304 --> 00:01:27,908 SHE DESERVES A TOTAL ROUND OF 28 00:01:27,908 --> 00:01:30,810 APPLAUSE AS WE MADE A LOT OF 29 00:01:30,810 --> 00:01:33,313 EXPANSIONS, TRANSITIONS, 30 00:01:33,313 --> 00:01:35,015 IMPROVEMENTS, AND LISA HAS 31 00:01:35,015 --> 00:01:39,019 PLAYED A CRITICAL ROLE IN THE 32 00:01:39,019 --> 00:01:43,957 BIRCWH AND OTHER PROGRAMS AT THE 33 00:01:43,957 --> 00:01:44,291 OHWH. 34 00:01:44,291 --> 00:01:46,226 HERE'S WHERE WE ARE NOW. 35 00:01:46,226 --> 00:01:47,727 WE HAVE BIRCWH SITES AROUND THE 36 00:01:47,727 --> 00:01:48,495 COUNTRY. 37 00:01:48,495 --> 00:01:54,334 WE HAVE STATES WITH TWO BIRCWH 38 00:01:54,334 --> 00:01:54,668 SITES. 39 00:01:54,668 --> 00:01:58,138 WE NOW HAVE 19 SITES IN THE 40 00:01:58,138 --> 00:02:01,374 U.S. OF WHICH HAVE 19 P.I.s AND 41 00:02:01,374 --> 00:02:05,679 AFFILIATIONS WITH HBCUs. 42 00:02:05,679 --> 00:02:07,047 WE HAVE TRAINED AND DEVELOPED 43 00:02:07,047 --> 00:02:11,451 AND SUPPORTED THE CAREERS OF 750 44 00:02:11,451 --> 00:02:13,653 WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH SCHOLARS 45 00:02:13,653 --> 00:02:16,156 AND THEY HAVE HAD BROAD IMPACT, 46 00:02:16,156 --> 00:02:18,825 80% HAVE BEEN WOMEN AND 88% OF 47 00:02:18,825 --> 00:02:21,027 THEM HAVE STAYED IN RESEARCH. 48 00:02:21,027 --> 00:02:26,232 SO I THINK THAT ALSO DESERVED 49 00:02:26,232 --> 00:02:28,702 DESERVEDS -- DESERVES A ROUND OF 50 00:02:28,702 --> 00:02:28,969 APPLAUSE. 51 00:02:28,969 --> 00:02:30,270 WE'RE ACHIEVING WITH THIS 52 00:02:30,270 --> 00:02:32,739 PROGRAM WAS SET OUT TO DO. 53 00:02:32,739 --> 00:02:34,407 IT'S SUCH INCREDIBLY WONDERFUL 54 00:02:34,407 --> 00:02:41,481 AND ROBUST APPLICATIONS FOR THE 55 00:02:41,481 --> 00:02:44,050 PODIUM TALKS AND HAVING FOUR 56 00:02:44,050 --> 00:02:45,218 INSTEAD OF THE USUAL THREE AND A 57 00:02:45,218 --> 00:02:46,219 FEW KEY NOTES. 58 00:02:46,219 --> 00:02:48,822 WE WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE OUR 59 00:02:48,822 --> 00:02:52,125 PARTNERS, OUR ICO PART NEUTRAL 60 00:02:52,125 --> 00:02:57,030 ZONE AND CURRENTLY ARE NIAID, 61 00:02:57,030 --> 00:03:03,670 NIAA AND NIDA ADMINISTERING THE 62 00:03:03,670 --> 00:03:05,038 GRANTS AND NIAMS IN 63 00:03:05,038 --> 00:03:05,372 COLLABORATION. 64 00:03:05,372 --> 00:03:09,109 I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT FEATURES OF 65 00:03:09,109 --> 00:03:10,276 THE BIRCWH INNOVATION PROGRAM IS 66 00:03:10,276 --> 00:03:11,745 ONE OF THEM AND THEY'RE WORKING 67 00:03:11,745 --> 00:03:14,814 ON SEX DIFFERENCES IN MAJOR 68 00:03:14,814 --> 00:03:15,115 DEPRESSION. 69 00:03:15,115 --> 00:03:17,550 YOU HEARD HER SPEAK ABOUT THIS 70 00:03:17,550 --> 00:03:20,854 ON THE IMPACT OF PRENATAL STRESS 71 00:03:20,854 --> 00:03:23,490 IMMUNE AND AUTONOMIC 72 00:03:23,490 --> 00:03:25,925 DYSREGULATION BUILDING AN 73 00:03:25,925 --> 00:03:26,860 INNOVATION WORKFORCE NETWORK 74 00:03:26,860 --> 00:03:27,193 CALLED TWIN. 75 00:03:27,193 --> 00:03:30,964 THIS IS AN EXCITING NEW PATHWAY 76 00:03:30,964 --> 00:03:31,731 FOR US. 77 00:03:31,731 --> 00:03:32,799 WE'RE CONSIDERING SEX 78 00:03:32,799 --> 00:03:35,001 DIFFERENCES ACROSS THE BRAIN AND 79 00:03:35,001 --> 00:03:36,369 HEART IN THE BREAKTHROUGH AND 80 00:03:36,369 --> 00:03:40,206 IT'S ALSO A COLLABORATION AMONG 81 00:03:40,206 --> 00:03:41,975 OTHER SCORE INVESTIGATORS 82 00:03:41,975 --> 00:03:43,343 SPECIALIZED CENTERS OF RESEARCH 83 00:03:43,343 --> 00:03:45,045 EXCELLENCE ON SEX DIFFERENCES 84 00:03:45,045 --> 00:03:46,613 AND THE INNOVATION CENTER IN SEX 85 00:03:46,613 --> 00:03:48,481 DIFFERENCES IN MEDICINE AT 86 00:03:48,481 --> 00:03:48,715 HARVARD. 87 00:03:48,715 --> 00:03:54,154 SO THIS IS BUILDING A 88 00:03:54,154 --> 00:03:54,888 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TO 89 00:03:54,888 --> 00:03:56,890 ALLOW THE TRAINEES TO EXPAND 90 00:03:56,890 --> 00:03:58,725 THEIR SKILLS IN THAT SPACE. 91 00:03:58,725 --> 00:03:59,726 LEARNING ABOUT INTELLECTUAL 92 00:03:59,726 --> 00:04:00,393 PROPERTY. 93 00:04:00,393 --> 00:04:02,762 TRANSLATING KNOWLEDGE TO 94 00:04:02,762 --> 00:04:04,464 THERAPIES AND INVOLVING THE 95 00:04:04,464 --> 00:04:05,699 PRIVATE SECTOR AND IT'S A 96 00:04:05,699 --> 00:04:06,199 ONE-YEAR SUPPLEMENT. 97 00:04:06,199 --> 00:04:09,035 I WANTED TO SHARE THAT NEWS WITH 98 00:04:09,035 --> 00:04:11,705 THE BIRCWH COMMUNITY ABOUT OUR 99 00:04:11,705 --> 00:04:13,506 PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN OUR BIRCWH 100 00:04:13,506 --> 00:04:14,574 AND SCORE PROGRAM AND OUR 101 00:04:14,574 --> 00:04:18,078 MOVEMENT INTO MAKING SURE WE 102 00:04:18,078 --> 00:04:19,946 HAVE AS MANY PATHWAYS TO CAREERS 103 00:04:19,946 --> 00:04:24,384 IN SCIENCE FOR OUR SCHOLAR AS WE 104 00:04:24,384 --> 00:04:25,819 RECOGNIZED THE RIVER WITH CREEKS 105 00:04:25,819 --> 00:04:29,489 AND TRIBUTARIES AND STREAMS AND 106 00:04:29,489 --> 00:04:31,925 CURRENTS IS A MORE APT ANALOGY 107 00:04:31,925 --> 00:04:35,061 FOR TODAY'S CAREERS THAN THE 108 00:04:35,061 --> 00:04:44,270 PREVIOUS TERM PIPELINE. 109 00:04:44,270 --> 00:04:47,407 THEY'RE CREATING A MULTI-LEVEL 110 00:04:47,407 --> 00:04:50,343 MENTORING GROUP TO HELP 111 00:04:50,343 --> 00:04:51,044 ESTABLISH NEXT GENERATION OF 112 00:04:51,044 --> 00:04:52,545 ACADEMIC INVESTIGATORS, BOTH 113 00:04:52,545 --> 00:04:53,646 WOMEN AND MEN. 114 00:04:53,646 --> 00:04:56,182 LISA MENTIONED SOME NEWS. 115 00:04:56,182 --> 00:04:57,317 THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF ACTION AND 116 00:04:57,317 --> 00:04:59,185 FOCUS AND ATTENTION ON THE 117 00:04:59,185 --> 00:05:00,386 HEALTH OF WOMEN BY THIS 118 00:05:00,386 --> 00:05:01,454 ADMINISTRATION AND BY THE 119 00:05:01,454 --> 00:05:01,755 CONGRESS. 120 00:05:01,755 --> 00:05:04,557 I WANT TO SHARE WITH YOU OUR 121 00:05:04,557 --> 00:05:10,930 NEWS THAT LAST YEAR WE RECEIVED 122 00:05:10,930 --> 00:05:11,564 ADDITIONAL CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT 123 00:05:11,564 --> 00:05:14,434 FOR TWO YEARS IN A ROW 124 00:05:14,434 --> 00:05:15,168 SPECIFICALLY MENTIONING THE 125 00:05:15,168 --> 00:05:16,736 BIRCWH PRIME MINISTER AND $10 126 00:05:16,736 --> 00:05:19,305 MILLION LAST YEAR TO ESTABLISH A 127 00:05:19,305 --> 00:05:21,875 NEW OFFICE OF AUTO IMMUNE 128 00:05:21,875 --> 00:05:23,977 DISEASE RESEARCH WITHIN ORWH. 129 00:05:23,977 --> 00:05:26,412 SO FOLLOWING A NATIONAL 130 00:05:26,412 --> 00:05:30,383 ACADEMIES REPORT WHICH WAS 131 00:05:30,383 --> 00:05:32,252 ENTITLED ENHANCING RESEARCH ON 132 00:05:32,252 --> 00:05:34,287 AUTO IMMUNE DISEASES. 133 00:05:34,287 --> 00:05:36,990 THEY AFFECT MORE WOMEN THAN MEN, 134 00:05:36,990 --> 00:05:40,026 80% ARE WOMEN AND AS A RESULT OF 135 00:05:40,026 --> 00:05:42,395 INCREASED ATTENTION TO THE NEED 136 00:05:42,395 --> 00:05:44,764 TO HAVE ENHANCED COORDINATION 137 00:05:44,764 --> 00:05:46,566 AND BUILD ON THE SUCCESSES OF 138 00:05:46,566 --> 00:05:50,537 THE VARIOUS INSTITUTES AND 139 00:05:50,537 --> 00:05:55,642 CENTERS THAT HAVE SUPPORT AND 140 00:05:55,642 --> 00:06:00,380 CONTINUE TO SUPPORT AUTOIMMUNE 141 00:06:00,380 --> 00:06:03,049 IN SCLEROSIS AND LUPUS WE'LL 142 00:06:03,049 --> 00:06:07,153 PLAY A KEY COORDINATING ROLE IN 143 00:06:07,153 --> 00:06:08,454 HELPING DEVELOP A 144 00:06:08,454 --> 00:06:09,522 MULTI-STRATEGIC PLAN FOGSED ON 145 00:06:09,522 --> 00:06:13,893 THE COLLABORATION FROM MULTIPLE 146 00:06:13,893 --> 00:06:14,928 DISCIPLINES CONVERGING ON 147 00:06:14,928 --> 00:06:16,062 AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, IDENTIFYING 148 00:06:16,062 --> 00:06:19,799 NEW IDEAS AND FOSTERING IDEAS 149 00:06:19,799 --> 00:06:22,802 AMONG THE I.C.s, EVALUATE EGG 150 00:06:22,802 --> 00:06:24,370 THE PORTFOLIO AND PROVIDING 151 00:06:24,370 --> 00:06:25,205 RESOURCES FOR COLLABORATION AND 152 00:06:25,205 --> 00:06:27,073 INNOVATION AND MAKING SURE 153 00:06:27,073 --> 00:06:30,343 THERE'S PUBLICLY ACCESSIBLE 154 00:06:30,343 --> 00:06:31,911 INFORMATION ABOUT AUTOIMMUNE 155 00:06:31,911 --> 00:06:33,112 DISEASE RESEARCH EFFORTS AT NIH. 156 00:06:33,112 --> 00:06:34,747 I WANTED TO SHARE THAT NEWS WITH 157 00:06:34,747 --> 00:06:35,582 YOU AS WELL. 158 00:06:35,582 --> 00:06:38,017 IN ADDITION, WE ESTABLISHED THE 159 00:06:38,017 --> 00:06:39,652 NEW TEAM SCIENCE LEADERSHIP 160 00:06:39,652 --> 00:06:42,722 SCHOLARS PROGRAM OR LSP IN 161 00:06:42,722 --> 00:06:44,123 WOMEN'S HEALTH. 162 00:06:44,123 --> 00:06:45,792 AUTOIMMUNE AND IMMUNE MEDIATED 163 00:06:45,792 --> 00:06:46,459 DISEASES. 164 00:06:46,459 --> 00:06:51,497 IT'S A PILOT PROGRAM DESIGN IT 165 00:06:51,497 --> 00:06:55,568 TRAIN WOMEN'S HEALTH SCHOLARS, 166 00:06:55,568 --> 00:06:58,137 MID-CAREER SCHOLARS TO HELP THEM 167 00:06:58,137 --> 00:06:59,539 HONE THEIR SKILLS BECAUSE IT'S 168 00:06:59,539 --> 00:07:02,475 THE WAY WE DO SCIENCE AND 169 00:07:02,475 --> 00:07:06,379 PROVIDE THEM AN OPPORTUNITY IN 170 00:07:06,379 --> 00:07:09,849 THE AMP-AIM PUBLIC-PRIVATE 171 00:07:09,849 --> 00:07:12,418 PARTNERSHIP TO EXPAND WITH THE 172 00:07:12,418 --> 00:07:13,186 MULTI-SECTOR VIEW. 173 00:07:13,186 --> 00:07:15,555 IT'S AN IMMERSE CROSS-SECTORIAL 174 00:07:15,555 --> 00:07:17,056 COLLABORATIVE EXPERIENCE AND THE 175 00:07:17,056 --> 00:07:18,391 OPPORTUNITY IS TO WORK WITH 176 00:07:18,391 --> 00:07:19,259 MULTIPLE LEADERS. 177 00:07:19,259 --> 00:07:22,362 HERE ARE OUR FIRST COHORT OF LSP 178 00:07:22,362 --> 00:07:22,629 SCHOLARS. 179 00:07:22,629 --> 00:07:26,733 WE'RE SO EXCITED TO HAVE THEM 180 00:07:26,733 --> 00:07:29,602 WITH US AND ALSO TO HAVE A 181 00:07:29,602 --> 00:07:31,804 FORMER BIRCWH SCHOLAR AMONG 182 00:07:31,804 --> 00:07:32,005 THEM. 183 00:07:32,005 --> 00:07:34,340 A LITTLE BIT MORE ON THE AMP-AIM 184 00:07:34,340 --> 00:07:36,409 LSP AND I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE 185 00:07:36,409 --> 00:07:40,580 OUR PARTNERS. 186 00:07:40,580 --> 00:07:43,716 NIAMS IN THE OFFICE OF DATA 187 00:07:43,716 --> 00:07:45,885 SCIENCE STRATEGY AT NIH AS 188 00:07:45,885 --> 00:07:49,055 ANOTHER CRITICAL PARTNER AND WE 189 00:07:49,055 --> 00:07:50,123 ISSUED A SECOND OPPORTUNITY IN 190 00:07:50,123 --> 00:07:50,423 THE PROGRAM. 191 00:07:50,423 --> 00:07:51,925 WE'RE THRILLED TO BE ABLE TO DO 192 00:07:51,925 --> 00:07:55,061 THAT TO BE ABLE TO EXPAND IT TO 193 00:07:55,061 --> 00:07:58,164 EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS AND SO 194 00:07:58,164 --> 00:08:00,033 WE WANT TO SHARE THE 195 00:08:00,033 --> 00:08:02,368 ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROGRAM IS 196 00:08:02,368 --> 00:08:04,871 MANAGED BY THE OKLAHOMA MEDICAL 197 00:08:04,871 --> 00:08:06,072 RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND YOU 198 00:08:06,072 --> 00:08:12,412 HEARD FROM THEIR LEADER LAST 199 00:08:12,412 --> 00:08:14,147 YEAR LISA MENTIONED THE NEW 200 00:08:14,147 --> 00:08:15,515 EFFORT AND A WANT TO PAUSE AND 201 00:08:15,515 --> 00:08:16,549 SAY HOW DELIGHTED AND THRILLED 202 00:08:16,549 --> 00:08:18,117 AND HEARTENED TO BE HERE AT THE 203 00:08:18,117 --> 00:08:22,355 TIME WHEN THE PRESIDENT OF THE 204 00:08:22,355 --> 00:08:23,556 UNITED STATES CREATES A WOMEN'S 205 00:08:23,556 --> 00:08:24,424 HEALTH RESEARCH INITIATIVE LED 206 00:08:24,424 --> 00:08:26,359 BY THE OFFICE OF THE FIRST LADY 207 00:08:26,359 --> 00:08:27,093 AND THE GENDER POLICY COUNCIL AT 208 00:08:27,093 --> 00:08:30,330 THE WHITE HOUSE. 209 00:08:30,330 --> 00:08:32,332 STATED MISSION OF THIS EFFORT IS 210 00:08:32,332 --> 00:08:35,034 TO IMPROVE WOMEN'S HEALTH 211 00:08:35,034 --> 00:08:37,070 RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES. 212 00:08:37,070 --> 00:08:38,838 AND THIS INITIATIVE INCLUDES 213 00:08:38,838 --> 00:08:41,174 SEVERAL EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS 214 00:08:41,174 --> 00:08:43,042 ACROSS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 215 00:08:43,042 --> 00:08:45,645 INCLUDING MEMBERS OF HHS BUT 216 00:08:45,645 --> 00:08:47,847 ALSO THE DOD, VETERAN AFFAIRS 217 00:08:47,847 --> 00:08:50,717 AND OTHER OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY 218 00:08:50,717 --> 00:08:53,653 SCIENCE POLICY, OMB AND OTHERS. 219 00:08:53,653 --> 00:08:55,822 IT'S NOT JUST HHS, HEALTH AND 220 00:08:55,822 --> 00:08:56,255 HUMAN SERVICES. 221 00:08:56,255 --> 00:08:57,623 IT'S ACROSS THE U.S. GOVERNMENT 222 00:08:57,623 --> 00:09:00,026 AND THE CHARGE TO THAT GROUP IS 223 00:09:00,026 --> 00:09:01,928 TO DELIVERED CONCRETE 224 00:09:01,928 --> 00:09:03,062 RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADVANCE 225 00:09:03,062 --> 00:09:03,830 WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH WITHIN 226 00:09:03,830 --> 00:09:04,964 45 DAYS. 227 00:09:04,964 --> 00:09:06,799 OUR DEADLINE IS DECEMBER 28. 228 00:09:06,799 --> 00:09:11,037 AND WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO 229 00:09:11,037 --> 00:09:21,247 DOING THAT. 230 00:09:22,415 --> 00:09:25,184 FORMER BIRCWH P.I. IS THE CHAIR 231 00:09:25,184 --> 00:09:26,419 OF THE INITIATIVE AND HERE SHE 232 00:09:26,419 --> 00:09:28,388 STATES THE INITIATIVE WILL 233 00:09:28,388 --> 00:09:30,423 FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGE HOW WE 234 00:09:30,423 --> 00:09:33,493 APPROACH AND FUND WOMEN'S 235 00:09:33,493 --> 00:09:35,028 HEALTH. 236 00:09:35,028 --> 00:09:36,462 SO THIS INITIATIVE HAS BEEN 237 00:09:36,462 --> 00:09:37,797 ESTABLISHED AND RECOMMENDATIONS 238 00:09:37,797 --> 00:09:39,499 ARE DUE IN 45 DAYS. 239 00:09:39,499 --> 00:09:42,101 IT'S PROPOSING TO TAKE A 240 00:09:42,101 --> 00:09:45,505 TARGETED HIGH-IMPACT APPROACH BY 241 00:09:45,505 --> 00:09:47,974 SETTING PRIORITY AREAS OF FOCUS 242 00:09:47,974 --> 00:09:49,242 WHERE ADDITIONAL INVESTMENTS 243 00:09:49,242 --> 00:09:51,210 COULD BE TRANSFORMATIVE. 244 00:09:51,210 --> 00:09:53,246 I LOVE THAT "T" WORD. 245 00:09:53,246 --> 00:09:54,147 TRANSFORMATIVE IS AN IMPORTANT 246 00:09:54,147 --> 00:09:55,548 WORD BECAUSE WE'RE ALL ABOUT 247 00:09:55,548 --> 00:09:56,249 MAKING A DIFFERENCE HERE. 248 00:09:56,249 --> 00:09:58,217 THAT'S HOW WE DO EVERYTHING WE 249 00:09:58,217 --> 00:09:58,418 DO. 250 00:09:58,418 --> 00:10:01,320 THAT'S WHY WE DO EVERYTHING WE 251 00:10:01,320 --> 00:10:01,587 DO. 252 00:10:01,587 --> 00:10:05,224 IT ALSO DOES PROPOSE TO ENGAGE 253 00:10:05,224 --> 00:10:07,727 THE SCIENTIFIC, PRIVATE AND 254 00:10:07,727 --> 00:10:10,396 PHILANTHROPIC COMMUNITY TO DRIVE 255 00:10:10,396 --> 00:10:10,696 INNOVATION. 256 00:10:10,696 --> 00:10:12,231 THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS 257 00:10:12,231 --> 00:10:18,438 MAY BE AN OUTCOME OF ONE OF THE 258 00:10:18,438 --> 00:10:19,906 AREA. 259 00:10:19,906 --> 00:10:21,574 HERE'S A COUPLE KWOETSZ I WANTED 260 00:10:21,574 --> 00:10:24,210 TO SHARE FROM THE FIRST LADY AND 261 00:10:24,210 --> 00:10:24,477 PRESIDENT. 262 00:10:24,477 --> 00:10:26,779 I ALWAYS BELIEVED IN THE POUR OF 263 00:10:26,779 --> 00:10:28,448 RESEARCH, PRESIDENT BIDEN SAYS 264 00:10:28,448 --> 00:10:30,416 TO SAVE LIVES AND ENSURE 265 00:10:30,416 --> 00:10:31,984 AMERICANS GET THE HIGH-QUALITY 266 00:10:31,984 --> 00:10:33,352 HEALTH CARE THEY NEED TO ACHIEVE 267 00:10:33,352 --> 00:10:34,987 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS WHICH 268 00:10:34,987 --> 00:10:36,489 IS WHAT WE DO AT NIH AND 269 00:10:36,489 --> 00:10:40,026 STRENGTHEN OUR ABILITY TO 270 00:10:40,026 --> 00:10:41,594 PREVENT, DETECT AND TREAT 271 00:10:41,594 --> 00:10:42,728 DISEASES WE HAVE TO BE BOLD. 272 00:10:42,728 --> 00:10:44,564 THAT IS ANOTHER WORD. 273 00:10:44,564 --> 00:10:47,900 WE HAVE "T" FOR TRANSFORMATIVE, 274 00:10:47,900 --> 00:10:52,505 "B" FOR BOLD AND IT'S NOT AN 275 00:10:52,505 --> 00:10:52,839 AN 276 00:10:52,839 --> 00:10:56,042 ANNOGRAM I JUST DECIDED THAT NOW 277 00:10:56,042 --> 00:10:57,777 THOUGH I DO LOVE THEM AND HERE'S 278 00:10:57,777 --> 00:10:59,178 THE FIRST LADY. 279 00:10:59,178 --> 00:11:06,519 EVERY STOREY -- WOMEN I KNOW 280 00:11:06,519 --> 00:11:08,054 LEAVES A DOCTOR'S OFFICE WITH 281 00:11:08,054 --> 00:11:09,789 MORE QUESTIONS THAN ANSWER. 282 00:11:09,789 --> 00:11:11,591 THAT'S WHAT WE DO. 283 00:11:11,591 --> 00:11:13,226 WE INTERROGATE AND UNDERSTAND 284 00:11:13,226 --> 00:11:15,128 AND ASK RESEARCH QUESTIONS. 285 00:11:15,128 --> 00:11:17,130 SHE SAID WE'RE CALLING ON 286 00:11:17,130 --> 00:11:18,397 CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS IN THE 287 00:11:18,397 --> 00:11:20,299 PRIVATE SECTOR, RESEARCH 288 00:11:20,299 --> 00:11:21,167 INSTITUTIONS AND PHILANTHROPY TO 289 00:11:21,167 --> 00:11:23,536 JOIN US IN TAKING URGENT ACTION 290 00:11:23,536 --> 00:11:27,039 TO IMPROVE THE HEALTH AND LIVES 291 00:11:27,039 --> 00:11:28,741 OF WOMEN THROUGHOUT THE NATION. 292 00:11:28,741 --> 00:11:32,411 SO LOOKING FORWARD TO WORKING 293 00:11:32,411 --> 00:11:33,446 ONE THE WHITE HOUSE WE HAVE LOTS 294 00:11:33,446 --> 00:11:35,715 OF ONGOING DISCUSSIONS 295 00:11:35,715 --> 00:11:37,550 INTERNALLY, EXTERNALLY AND I'M 296 00:11:37,550 --> 00:11:40,119 LOOKING FORWARD TO BE ABLE TO 297 00:11:40,119 --> 00:11:42,421 SHARE MORE WITH YOU IN THE 298 00:11:42,421 --> 00:11:42,822 FUTURE. 299 00:11:42,822 --> 00:11:47,493 YOU'LL HEAR IN A BIT WITH AN 300 00:11:47,493 --> 00:11:52,665 INTRODUCTION THE LEGACY OF 301 00:11:52,665 --> 00:11:54,400 LEADERSHIP LECTURE AND I'M GLAD 302 00:11:54,400 --> 00:11:56,035 DR. CRISWELL WAS ABLE TO DO THUS 303 00:11:56,035 --> 00:11:58,304 WITH US AND YOU'LL HEAR AN 304 00:11:58,304 --> 00:12:01,107 INCREDIBLE TALK FROM HER IN A 305 00:12:01,107 --> 00:12:01,607 BIT. 306 00:12:01,607 --> 00:12:03,776 WE WANT YOU TO FOLLOW US ON 307 00:12:03,776 --> 00:12:06,412 SOCIAL MEDIA AND GET ACCESS TO 308 00:12:06,412 --> 00:12:07,980 OUR MONTHLY E-MAIL AND QUARTERLY 309 00:12:07,980 --> 00:12:09,749 PUBLICATION IN FOCUS AND YOU 310 00:12:09,749 --> 00:12:11,317 KNOW ABOUT THE E-LEARNING 311 00:12:11,317 --> 00:12:11,584 MODULE. 312 00:12:11,584 --> 00:12:18,424 WITH THAT I'LL MOVE ON TO 313 00:12:18,424 --> 00:12:28,801 INTRODUCE OUR RUTH L. 314 00:12:36,509 --> 00:12:40,279 KIRSCHSTEIN MEMORIAL LECTURE. 315 00:12:40,279 --> 00:12:43,516 SHE TEACHES IN THE GRADUATE BIO 316 00:12:43,516 --> 00:12:44,984 MEDICAL SCIENCE. 317 00:12:44,984 --> 00:12:50,122 THE RECEIVED HER M.D. FROM 318 00:12:50,122 --> 00:12:51,958 STANFORD AND MPH FROM BOSTON 319 00:12:51,958 --> 00:12:53,459 UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC 320 00:12:53,459 --> 00:12:53,693 HEALTH. 321 00:12:53,693 --> 00:12:56,229 SHE'S DOUBLE BOARDED IN INTERNAL 322 00:12:56,229 --> 00:13:01,734 MEDICINE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 323 00:13:01,734 --> 00:13:11,043 AND COMPLETED A GENERAL RESEARCH 324 00:13:11,043 --> 00:13:13,212 AND PRIOR TO THAT WAS PROFESSOR 325 00:13:13,212 --> 00:13:14,313 OF MEDICINE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY AT 326 00:13:14,313 --> 00:13:15,448 BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF 327 00:13:15,448 --> 00:13:18,050 MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 328 00:13:18,050 --> 00:13:20,553 DIRECTOR OF THE WOMEN'S HEALTH 329 00:13:20,553 --> 00:13:21,120 INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 330 00:13:21,120 --> 00:13:23,155 CENTER AND CHIEF OF THE WOMEN'S 331 00:13:23,155 --> 00:13:24,690 HEALTH UNIT AT BOSTON MEDICAL 332 00:13:24,690 --> 00:13:25,391 CAN CENTER. 333 00:13:25,391 --> 00:13:28,327 SHE SERVES AS P.I. OF THE BOSTON 334 00:13:28,327 --> 00:13:29,929 UNIVERSITY BIRCWH AND CONTINUES 335 00:13:29,929 --> 00:13:32,098 TO MENTOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF 336 00:13:32,098 --> 00:13:32,965 CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS IN 337 00:13:32,965 --> 00:13:34,934 WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH. 338 00:13:34,934 --> 00:13:40,606 PLEASE JOIN ME IN WELCOMING, 339 00:13:40,606 --> 00:13:50,916 DR. KAREN FREUND. 340 00:13:53,319 --> 00:13:57,857 >> GOOD MORNING, EVERYBODY. 341 00:13:57,857 --> 00:14:00,326 THANK YOU, DR. CLAY TO BE FOR 342 00:14:00,326 --> 00:14:01,661 THE WONDERFUL INVITATION AND 343 00:14:01,661 --> 00:14:02,828 THANK YOU TO THE OFFICE RESEARCH 344 00:14:02,828 --> 00:14:05,331 OF WOMEN'S HEALTH FOR THE 345 00:14:05,331 --> 00:14:05,798 WONDERFUL OPPORTUNITY. 346 00:14:05,798 --> 00:14:07,867 I WANT TO TAKE A SECOND AND 347 00:14:07,867 --> 00:14:09,635 PAUSE BECAUSE WE HAVEN'T DONE 348 00:14:09,635 --> 00:14:13,572 THIS IN THREE OR FOUR YEARS. 349 00:14:13,572 --> 00:14:15,308 I'VE LOST TRACK. 350 00:14:15,308 --> 00:14:16,275 COVID YEARS KIND OF BLURRED. 351 00:14:16,275 --> 00:14:18,477 WE'RE EXCITED TO MEET YOU ALL 352 00:14:18,477 --> 00:14:18,678 TODAY. 353 00:14:18,678 --> 00:14:20,279 PLEASE TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO 354 00:14:20,279 --> 00:14:21,380 GET TO KNOW PEOPLE. 355 00:14:21,380 --> 00:14:23,849 THESE ARE GOING TO BE YOUR 356 00:14:23,849 --> 00:14:25,484 COLLEAGUES FOR YOUR CAREERS. 357 00:14:25,484 --> 00:14:27,186 THE THING I'M MOST EXCITED ABOUT 358 00:14:27,186 --> 00:14:29,588 TODAY IS GETTING TO SPEND TIME 359 00:14:29,588 --> 00:14:32,625 WITH ALL THE OTHER BIRCWH P.I.s. 360 00:14:32,625 --> 00:14:35,394 WE HAVEN'T SEEN EACH OTHER IN SO 361 00:14:35,394 --> 00:14:35,661 LONG. 362 00:14:35,661 --> 00:14:37,430 THE ZOOM MEETINGS HAVEN'T BEEN 363 00:14:37,430 --> 00:14:39,899 THE SAME AND THIS HAS BEEN MY 364 00:14:39,899 --> 00:14:41,100 ACADEMIC HOME FOR YEARS AND I'M 365 00:14:41,100 --> 00:14:41,934 THRILLED TO BE HERE. 366 00:14:41,934 --> 00:14:45,438 I ALSO FEEL HONORED TO BE GIVING 367 00:14:45,438 --> 00:14:48,474 THE DR. KIRSCHSTEIN MEMORIAL 368 00:14:48,474 --> 00:14:49,308 LECTURE READING EVERYTHING ABOUT 369 00:14:49,308 --> 00:14:51,744 HER SHE WAS A TRAILBLAZER AND 370 00:14:51,744 --> 00:14:55,681 PAVED THE WAY FOR ALL OF US TO 371 00:14:55,681 --> 00:14:56,449 BE HERE. 372 00:14:56,449 --> 00:15:00,319 SO I WANTED TO SPEND MY TIME 373 00:15:00,319 --> 00:15:01,220 TALKING ABOUT WORKING IN TEAMS 374 00:15:01,220 --> 00:15:03,055 AND REALLY THINKING ABOUT TEAM 375 00:15:03,055 --> 00:15:05,858 WORK IN ALL THE WORK WE DO TO 376 00:15:05,858 --> 00:15:08,861 MAKE THE WORK MORE IMPACTFUL AND 377 00:15:08,861 --> 00:15:10,529 MORE FUN AND EASIER. 378 00:15:10,529 --> 00:15:13,299 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT THREE OR 379 00:15:13,299 --> 00:15:14,600 FOUR AREAS FOR US TO THINK 380 00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:15,201 ABOUT. 381 00:15:15,201 --> 00:15:18,504 FIRST OF ALL, I WANT US TO 382 00:15:18,504 --> 00:15:20,740 CONSIDER WHETHER TEAM WORK 383 00:15:20,740 --> 00:15:21,941 ACTUALLY HELPS OR HURTS WOMEN'S 384 00:15:21,941 --> 00:15:23,876 CAREERS AND A KNOW THIS OFTEN 385 00:15:23,876 --> 00:15:25,411 GETS DISCUSSED WHEN IT COMES TO 386 00:15:25,411 --> 00:15:26,679 PROMOTION AND ADVANCEMENT AND 387 00:15:26,679 --> 00:15:27,513 HAVE US THINK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 388 00:15:27,513 --> 00:15:28,114 THAT ISSUE. 389 00:15:28,114 --> 00:15:30,282 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT A TEAM 390 00:15:30,282 --> 00:15:32,651 WORK EARLY IN MY CAREER AND GIVE 391 00:15:32,651 --> 00:15:34,920 YOU A FEW OF THE LESSONS I'VE 392 00:15:34,920 --> 00:15:35,821 LEARNED AND TALK ABOUT TEAM WORK 393 00:15:35,821 --> 00:15:37,757 AND RESEARCH AND TALK ABOUT 394 00:15:37,757 --> 00:15:38,357 TEAMS AND PROVIDING CLINICAL 395 00:15:38,357 --> 00:15:40,025 CARE. 396 00:15:40,025 --> 00:15:42,361 AND ON THE WAY YOU MAY SEE A FEW 397 00:15:42,361 --> 00:15:47,032 OF YOUR OWN SLIDES FROM YOUR OWN 398 00:15:47,032 --> 00:15:48,334 WORK JUST BECAUSE MANY ARE 399 00:15:48,334 --> 00:15:50,136 BIRCWH P.I.s AND SCHOLARS HAVE 400 00:15:50,136 --> 00:15:51,971 DONE SO MUCH WORK IN THESE 401 00:15:51,971 --> 00:15:52,171 AREAS. 402 00:15:52,171 --> 00:15:56,442 I THOUGHT I'D START WITH MY OWN 403 00:15:56,442 --> 00:15:59,044 EARLY CAREER JOURNEY AND HOW I 404 00:15:59,044 --> 00:16:01,013 WAS LUCKY IN TWO RESPECTS. 405 00:16:01,013 --> 00:16:02,748 ONE IN TERMS OF FIND RESEARCH 406 00:16:02,748 --> 00:16:04,350 BUDDY AND SECOND IN TERMS OF 407 00:16:04,350 --> 00:16:06,152 FIND MENTORING TEAM. 408 00:16:06,152 --> 00:16:07,987 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT HOW YOU 409 00:16:07,987 --> 00:16:08,988 DEFINE SUPPORT ON THE HOME 410 00:16:08,988 --> 00:16:09,255 FRONT. 411 00:16:09,255 --> 00:16:13,392 SO ONE OF THE THINGS I WAS VERY 412 00:16:13,392 --> 00:16:14,660 FORTUNATE IN MY EARLY CAREER 413 00:16:14,660 --> 00:16:16,896 WHEN I FIRST BECAME A FACULTY 414 00:16:16,896 --> 00:16:18,030 MEMBER WAS FINDING ANOTHER 415 00:16:18,030 --> 00:16:20,399 FACULTY MEMBER WHO HAD THE SAME 416 00:16:20,399 --> 00:16:22,401 INTERESTS AS ME AND WE DECIDED 417 00:16:22,401 --> 00:16:24,236 EARLY ON WE'D DO ALL OF OUR 418 00:16:24,236 --> 00:16:25,004 RESEARCH TOGETHER. 419 00:16:25,004 --> 00:16:26,672 WE WERE GOING TO FIND ONE OF US 420 00:16:26,672 --> 00:16:29,675 WOULD BE THE LEAD AND ONE WOULD 421 00:16:29,675 --> 00:16:31,777 BE THE CO-LEAD ON THAT AND THAT 422 00:16:31,777 --> 00:16:33,679 ALLOWED US TO EXPAND WHAT WE 423 00:16:33,679 --> 00:16:34,180 WERE DOING. 424 00:16:34,180 --> 00:16:36,482 IT MADE IT MORE FUN AND DOING IT 425 00:16:36,482 --> 00:16:40,085 AT A TIME WHEN WERE STARTING 426 00:16:40,085 --> 00:16:41,320 BOTH OUR CAREERS AND TRYING TO 427 00:16:41,320 --> 00:16:43,022 START OUR FAMILIES AND MADE IT 428 00:16:43,022 --> 00:16:46,258 EASIER TO GET TO THOSE DOCTORS 429 00:16:46,258 --> 00:16:49,361 APPOINTMENTS, BOTH OF US WERE 430 00:16:49,361 --> 00:16:51,096 GOING THROUGH AS MANY AND SOME 431 00:16:51,096 --> 00:16:53,432 HAVE RESEARCHED ON THOSE OF US 432 00:16:53,432 --> 00:16:55,267 WHO WAIT UNTIL OUR 30s TO FINISH 433 00:16:55,267 --> 00:16:57,470 OUR TRAINING AND THEN START TO 434 00:16:57,470 --> 00:16:59,171 BUILD OUR FAMILIES. 435 00:16:59,171 --> 00:17:01,774 OFTEN TIMES FIND THERE'S MEDICAL 436 00:17:01,774 --> 00:17:03,275 TECHNOLOGY INVOLVED THERE WITH A 437 00:17:03,275 --> 00:17:04,677 LOT OF OFFICE VISITS. 438 00:17:04,677 --> 00:17:08,747 SO WE MANAGED TO FIGURE OUT A 439 00:17:08,747 --> 00:17:10,816 WAY TO JUGGLE ALL OF THAT AND 440 00:17:10,816 --> 00:17:13,986 FIGURE THAT OUT AND OUR DIVISION 441 00:17:13,986 --> 00:17:14,987 CHIEF COULDN'T FIGURE OUT WHY 442 00:17:14,987 --> 00:17:17,156 ONLY ONE OF US WERE AT THE 443 00:17:17,156 --> 00:17:19,825 MEETING AND TRIED TO GET HIS 444 00:17:19,825 --> 00:17:22,628 HEAD WRAPPED AROUND THAT BUT IT 445 00:17:22,628 --> 00:17:29,101 WAS A HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE TIME TO 446 00:17:29,101 --> 00:17:29,902 PUBLISH AND WORK TOGETHER. 447 00:17:29,902 --> 00:17:32,471 THAT RELATIONSHIP HAS CONTINUED 448 00:17:32,471 --> 00:17:35,007 TO THIS DAY WHERE WE'RE AT 449 00:17:35,007 --> 00:17:36,375 DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS AND 450 00:17:36,375 --> 00:17:37,243 DON'T COLLABORATE IN TERMS OF 451 00:17:37,243 --> 00:17:38,844 OUR PROFESSIONAL WORK BUT STILL 452 00:17:38,844 --> 00:17:41,714 GET TOGETHER FOR LONG WALKS WITH 453 00:17:41,714 --> 00:17:43,015 HER TWO FAIRLY LARGE DOGS. 454 00:17:43,015 --> 00:17:44,717 THEN IN TERMS OF FINDING A 455 00:17:44,717 --> 00:17:46,852 MENTORING TEAM, I WAS FORTUNATE 456 00:17:46,852 --> 00:17:48,287 TO FIND A NUMBER OF MENTORS 457 00:17:48,287 --> 00:17:49,655 EARLY IN MY CAREER. 458 00:17:49,655 --> 00:17:51,490 ONE FROM WITHIN MY OWN DIVISION 459 00:17:51,490 --> 00:17:53,392 WHICH WAS HELPFUL IN TERMS OF 460 00:17:53,392 --> 00:17:55,027 GUIDING ME IN TERMS OF WHAT I 461 00:17:55,027 --> 00:17:57,296 NEED TO DO FOR MY OWN ACADEMIC 462 00:17:57,296 --> 00:18:00,099 PROMOTION, FOR MAKING SURE I HAD 463 00:18:00,099 --> 00:18:02,568 THE SUPPORT IN THAT REALM BUT 464 00:18:02,568 --> 00:18:04,470 THEN ALSO FINDING SEVERAL WOMEN 465 00:18:04,470 --> 00:18:07,339 IN OTHER DEPARTMENTS WHO COULD 466 00:18:07,339 --> 00:18:09,308 GIVE ME A PERSPECTIVE WHEN 467 00:18:09,308 --> 00:18:10,943 THINGS WERE GOING WELL AND TELL 468 00:18:10,943 --> 00:18:13,646 ME WHEN TO TURN AND GIVE ME 469 00:18:13,646 --> 00:18:15,047 ADVICE WHEN I FELT I WASN'T 470 00:18:15,047 --> 00:18:17,516 MAKING PROGRESS ESPECIALLY THOSE 471 00:18:17,516 --> 00:18:18,517 FIRST MULTIPLE YEARS. 472 00:18:18,517 --> 00:18:20,753 I THINK IT WAS THE FIRST SEVEN 473 00:18:20,753 --> 00:18:23,956 OR EIGHT GRANTS THAT DIDN'T GET 474 00:18:23,956 --> 00:18:25,858 FUNDED UNTIL MY FIRST GRANT 475 00:18:25,858 --> 00:18:27,092 SPONSORED THROUGH THE OFFICE OF 476 00:18:27,092 --> 00:18:28,727 RESEARCH IN WOMEN'S HEALTH WAS 477 00:18:28,727 --> 00:18:29,695 THE FIRST GRANT I RECEIVED. 478 00:18:29,695 --> 00:18:32,565 SO TALKING ABOUT THE HOME FRONT. 479 00:18:32,565 --> 00:18:33,966 I'VE BEEN FORTUNATE ENOUGH TO 480 00:18:33,966 --> 00:18:36,168 HAVE A PARTNER WHERE EACH OF US 481 00:18:36,168 --> 00:18:38,604 BELIEVES WE DO FAR MORE THAN 50% 482 00:18:38,604 --> 00:18:41,006 OF THE HOME CHORES AND ARE BOTH 483 00:18:41,006 --> 00:18:41,674 OKAY WITH THAT. 484 00:18:41,674 --> 00:18:44,510 IT REALLY DOES TAKE A 485 00:18:44,510 --> 00:18:46,478 PARTNERSHIP AND TEAM WORK. 486 00:18:46,478 --> 00:18:48,414 WE WERE ALSO LUCKY THAT WE HAD A 487 00:18:48,414 --> 00:18:50,149 TEAM OF NEIGHBORS WHO WERE 488 00:18:50,149 --> 00:18:51,984 INTERESTED IN GOING ON THIS 489 00:18:51,984 --> 00:18:52,651 VENTURE WITH US. 490 00:18:52,651 --> 00:18:55,621 SO NEITHER MY HUSBAND, WARREN OR 491 00:18:55,621 --> 00:18:57,856 I, HAVE FAMILY IN THE NEW 492 00:18:57,856 --> 00:18:59,191 ENGLAND AREA NEARBY BUT FOUND WE 493 00:18:59,191 --> 00:19:01,660 HAD SEVERAL NEIGHBORS IN THE 494 00:19:01,660 --> 00:19:04,597 SAME PLACE WITH YOUNG CHILDREN. 495 00:19:04,597 --> 00:19:06,932 BOTH SINGLE MOMS WITH 496 00:19:06,932 --> 00:19:08,100 PROFESSIONAL CAREERS. 497 00:19:08,100 --> 00:19:11,737 ONE IS A CFO AND ONE A CEO OF A 498 00:19:11,737 --> 00:19:12,004 NONPROFIT. 499 00:19:12,004 --> 00:19:13,906 WE HAD AN UNWRITTEN RULE IF YOU 500 00:19:13,906 --> 00:19:15,608 GOT A CALL FROM ANOTHER MOM AND 501 00:19:15,608 --> 00:19:17,209 REALLY NEEDED HELP THAT DAY, YOU 502 00:19:17,209 --> 00:19:20,379 FIGURED OUT A WAY, EVEN IF IT 503 00:19:20,379 --> 00:19:22,414 MEANT YOU TAKE THEIR SICK KID TO 504 00:19:22,414 --> 00:19:24,383 YOUR OFFICE OR CANCELED YOUR 505 00:19:24,383 --> 00:19:25,250 APPOINTMENTS BECAUSE THEY ONLY 506 00:19:25,250 --> 00:19:27,086 ASKED WHEN YOU REALLY, REALLY 507 00:19:27,086 --> 00:19:27,720 NEEDED IT. 508 00:19:27,720 --> 00:19:31,557 WE ALSO HAD ONCE A MONTH FRIDAY 509 00:19:31,557 --> 00:19:33,058 DINNERS WHERE WE'D MAKE MAC AND 510 00:19:33,058 --> 00:19:34,560 CHEESE FOR THE KIDS AND PUT THEM 511 00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:37,529 IN FRONT OF A MOVIE WHICH GAVE 512 00:19:37,529 --> 00:19:40,366 US TIME TO RELAX AND ENJOY NICE 513 00:19:40,366 --> 00:19:42,534 TAKE OUT FOR OURSELVES. 514 00:19:42,534 --> 00:19:44,637 ONE LESSON WE LEARNED EARLY ON 515 00:19:44,637 --> 00:19:45,771 WHICH I'D LIKE TO RECOMMEND TO 516 00:19:45,771 --> 00:19:48,273 ALL OF OUR SCHOLARS IS YOU CAN 517 00:19:48,273 --> 00:19:49,541 LEARN TO COOK AND LEARN TO CLEAN 518 00:19:49,541 --> 00:19:51,777 AND LEARN TO ENTERTAIN. 519 00:19:51,777 --> 00:19:52,945 YOU SHOULD NEVER VENTURE ANY OF 520 00:19:52,945 --> 00:19:54,546 THESE ON THE SAME DAY. 521 00:19:54,546 --> 00:19:58,317 . 522 00:19:58,317 --> 00:20:00,653 AND I THINK MY EXPERIENCE EARLY 523 00:20:00,653 --> 00:20:02,688 ON WITH THE BIRCWH WAS ALSO AN 524 00:20:02,688 --> 00:20:05,124 EXAMPLE OF MENTORING TEAMS. 525 00:20:05,124 --> 00:20:06,492 MY FIRST BIRCWH APPLICATION WAS 526 00:20:06,492 --> 00:20:06,859 A DISASTER. 527 00:20:06,859 --> 00:20:08,160 IT DOESN'T GET SCORED. 528 00:20:08,160 --> 00:20:11,330 I DIDN'T UNDERSTAND WHAT TABLES 529 00:20:11,330 --> 00:20:11,530 WERE. 530 00:20:11,530 --> 00:20:14,900 THERE WERE A LOT OF MISTAKES I 531 00:20:14,900 --> 00:20:18,704 MADE AND I REACHED OUT TO 532 00:20:18,704 --> 00:20:19,905 SOMEONE IN THE ORGANIZATION AND 533 00:20:19,905 --> 00:20:22,341 I TALKED TO HER ABOUT THE NEXT 534 00:20:22,341 --> 00:20:22,641 SUBMISSION. 535 00:20:22,641 --> 00:20:24,076 WE DETERMINED SHE SHOULD BE THE 536 00:20:24,076 --> 00:20:27,046 P.I. AND I SHOULD BE THE 537 00:20:27,046 --> 00:20:28,647 RESEARCH DIRECTOR OF THE NEXT 538 00:20:28,647 --> 00:20:30,516 SUBMISSION SINCE SHE HAD MORE 539 00:20:30,516 --> 00:20:32,284 EXPERIENCE CLEARLY IN WRITING 540 00:20:32,284 --> 00:20:34,353 GRANTS AND DETERMINED WITHIN 541 00:20:34,353 --> 00:20:35,320 FIVE YEARS AND MENTORING ME TO 542 00:20:35,320 --> 00:20:36,922 BE THE P.I. WHICH IS IS WHAT WE 543 00:20:36,922 --> 00:20:37,189 DID. 544 00:20:37,189 --> 00:20:40,392 SO IT WAS AN EXAMPLE OF BOTH 545 00:20:40,392 --> 00:20:41,994 MENTORING WITHIN THE BIRCWH 546 00:20:41,994 --> 00:20:43,395 PROGRAM AS WELL AS MENTORING AND 547 00:20:43,395 --> 00:20:44,697 DEVELOPING MENTORING TEAMS FOR 548 00:20:44,697 --> 00:20:47,032 OUR SCHOLARS WITH THE NOTION OF 549 00:20:47,032 --> 00:20:49,201 ALWAYS A LOWING YOUR JUNIOR 550 00:20:49,201 --> 00:20:50,502 FACULTY TO ADVANCE AHEAD OF US 551 00:20:50,502 --> 00:20:52,871 AS THE MENTORS. 552 00:20:52,871 --> 00:20:56,241 AND SO I'VE NOTICED UP OUR 553 00:20:56,241 --> 00:20:59,011 BIRCWH DISCUSSION WITH THE P.I.s 554 00:20:59,011 --> 00:21:00,345 LAST WEEK SEVERAL OF THE BIRCWH 555 00:21:00,345 --> 00:21:02,815 PROGRAMS NOW HAVE AS THEIR 556 00:21:02,815 --> 00:21:03,916 LEADERSHIP FORMER BIRCWH 557 00:21:03,916 --> 00:21:05,984 SCHOLARS WHICH IS EVIDENCE OF 558 00:21:05,984 --> 00:21:07,686 THIS MOVING THE CAREERS FORWARD 559 00:21:07,686 --> 00:21:11,023 OF OUR SCHOLARS IN MULTIPLE 560 00:21:11,023 --> 00:21:12,658 WAYS. 561 00:21:12,658 --> 00:21:14,359 SO TEAM WORK I BELIEVE IS MORE 562 00:21:14,359 --> 00:21:15,127 IMPORTANT THAN EVER. 563 00:21:15,127 --> 00:21:17,796 I WOULD SAY THINGS HAVE NOT 564 00:21:17,796 --> 00:21:19,031 GOTTEN EASIER IN ACADEMIC 565 00:21:19,031 --> 00:21:19,264 CAREERS. 566 00:21:19,264 --> 00:21:21,066 THE FUNDING CLIMATE IS MORE 567 00:21:21,066 --> 00:21:22,434 CHALLENGING THAN EVER. 568 00:21:22,434 --> 00:21:24,570 THE CLINICAL PRACTICE HAS MUCH 569 00:21:24,570 --> 00:21:28,574 MORE FINANCIAL STRESS. 570 00:21:28,574 --> 00:21:31,176 AND FAMILY SUPPORT FOR ALL EARLY 571 00:21:31,176 --> 00:21:32,511 CAREER INVESTIGATORS I THINK IS 572 00:21:32,511 --> 00:21:33,679 STILL A CHALLENGE. 573 00:21:33,679 --> 00:21:37,015 WORK I DID WITH PHYLLIS CARR 574 00:21:37,015 --> 00:21:38,584 SHOWED AS MUCH AS MANY OF US 575 00:21:38,584 --> 00:21:41,053 TRIED TO DEVELOP GOOD AND STRONG 576 00:21:41,053 --> 00:21:42,988 FAMILY LEAVE PROGRAMS AT OUR 577 00:21:42,988 --> 00:21:44,389 ORGANIZATIONS, THAT MANY EARLY 578 00:21:44,389 --> 00:21:47,192 CAREER FACULTY STILL ARE 579 00:21:47,192 --> 00:21:49,294 NEGOTIATING THEIR FAMILY LEAVE 580 00:21:49,294 --> 00:21:51,463 HAVING TO NEGOTIATE THAT ON AN 581 00:21:51,463 --> 00:21:53,165 INDIVIDUAL LEVEL RATHER THAN 582 00:21:53,165 --> 00:21:54,600 HAVING AN EASY PATHWAY AT THEIR 583 00:21:54,600 --> 00:21:57,035 ORGANIZATION. 584 00:21:57,035 --> 00:21:58,904 WE ALSO FOUND OUT THAT MANY OF 585 00:21:58,904 --> 00:22:01,673 THE PLACES AND THIS WAS MY 586 00:22:01,673 --> 00:22:03,809 EXPERIENCE, YOU COULD BUILD A 587 00:22:03,809 --> 00:22:05,144 GREAT FAMILY LEAVE PROGRAM ONLY 588 00:22:05,144 --> 00:22:06,578 TO FIND SEVERAL YEARS LATER IT 589 00:22:06,578 --> 00:22:08,547 WAS DISMANTLED. 590 00:22:08,547 --> 00:22:10,349 WE ALSO IDENTIFIED SOME REAL 591 00:22:10,349 --> 00:22:12,985 CHALLENGES FOR PART-TIME FACULTY 592 00:22:12,985 --> 00:22:15,053 AND MANY EARLY CAREER FACULTY 593 00:22:15,053 --> 00:22:17,322 THINK ABOUT GOING PART-TIME 594 00:22:17,322 --> 00:22:18,457 ESPECIALLY AFTER THEY START TO 595 00:22:18,457 --> 00:22:21,760 BUILD AND HAVE A YOUNG FAMILY. 596 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:23,762 WE'VE NOTICED AN EXTRA TAX AND 597 00:22:23,762 --> 00:22:25,264 PENALTIES IN TERMS OF LAGS IN 598 00:22:25,264 --> 00:22:26,899 PROMOTION AND ADVANCEMENT FOR 599 00:22:26,899 --> 00:22:29,668 THAT GROUP EVEN IF THEY TAKE 600 00:22:29,668 --> 00:22:32,304 VERY SHORT PART-TIME ASSIGNMENTS 601 00:22:32,304 --> 00:22:34,673 EVEN FOR LESS THAN A YEAR. 602 00:22:34,673 --> 00:22:36,742 SO WHAT ARE THE LESSONS I'VE 603 00:22:36,742 --> 00:22:37,676 LEARNED FROM THIS? 604 00:22:37,676 --> 00:22:40,646 I ALWAYS FELT THE GROUP WE NEED 605 00:22:40,646 --> 00:22:42,314 TO CONVINCE WERE THOSE MORE 606 00:22:42,314 --> 00:22:44,082 SENIOR THAN US WHO HAD THE 607 00:22:44,082 --> 00:22:45,918 OPPORTUNITY AND THE 608 00:22:45,918 --> 00:22:48,053 RESPONSIBILITY TO SET THE AGENDA 609 00:22:48,053 --> 00:22:49,855 AND SET PROGRAMS AND POLICIES. 610 00:22:49,855 --> 00:22:51,523 BUT ONE OF THE LESSONS I THINK I 611 00:22:51,523 --> 00:22:53,225 LEARNED WAS WE ALSO HAVE TO WORK 612 00:22:53,225 --> 00:22:56,361 WITH OUR CURRENT PEERS IN ALL 613 00:22:56,361 --> 00:22:57,162 SETTINGS BECAUSE THOSE CURRENT 614 00:22:57,162 --> 00:22:58,163 PEERS WILL BECOME THE FUTURE 615 00:22:58,163 --> 00:22:59,631 LEADERS AND THEY'LL HAVE THE 616 00:22:59,631 --> 00:23:01,834 OPPORTUNITY TO PROMOTE THE GAINS 617 00:23:01,834 --> 00:23:05,204 WE MAKE OR SET THAT BACKWARDS. 618 00:23:05,204 --> 00:23:08,740 SO IN WORKING YOU WANT TO MAKE 619 00:23:08,740 --> 00:23:11,443 SURE YOU'RE WORKING WITH THE 620 00:23:11,443 --> 00:23:12,611 GROUPS NOT ONLY MORE SENIOR TO 621 00:23:12,611 --> 00:23:13,946 YOU AND THINKING ABOUT ISSUES 622 00:23:13,946 --> 00:23:15,047 AROUND FAMILY LEAVE BUT WORKING 623 00:23:15,047 --> 00:23:20,185 WITH CURRENT PEERS. 624 00:23:20,185 --> 00:23:20,919 SO RESEARCH TEAMS. 625 00:23:20,919 --> 00:23:25,757 CAN THIS WORK FOR THE 626 00:23:25,757 --> 00:23:26,925 ADVANCEMENT OF EVERYONE? 627 00:23:26,925 --> 00:23:28,527 ONE EXAMPLE EARLY ON IN THE 628 00:23:28,527 --> 00:23:29,728 FIRST BIRCWH PROGRAM. 629 00:23:29,728 --> 00:23:32,197 WE RECEIVED TWO BIRCWH 630 00:23:32,197 --> 00:23:33,599 APPLICATIONS WITH OVERLAPPING 631 00:23:33,599 --> 00:23:34,233 INTERESTS. 632 00:23:34,233 --> 00:23:36,768 WE SEE THESE TWO APPLICATIONS 633 00:23:36,768 --> 00:23:40,005 BOTH WERE INTERESTED IN HPV 634 00:23:40,005 --> 00:23:40,606 PREVENTION. 635 00:23:40,606 --> 00:23:42,507 WHEN I GOT THESE I WENT INTO A 636 00:23:42,507 --> 00:23:46,612 LITTLE BIT OF A PANIC, HOW WE 637 00:23:46,612 --> 00:23:48,247 WERE GOING TO DETERMINE WHOSE 638 00:23:48,247 --> 00:23:49,948 CAREER WE'RE TO ADVANCE AND THE 639 00:23:49,948 --> 00:23:51,350 TWO INVESTIGATORS AT THE SAME 640 00:23:51,350 --> 00:23:52,217 ORGANIZATION WERE NOT COMPETING 641 00:23:52,217 --> 00:23:54,553 AGAINST EACH OTHER OR ONE WAS 642 00:23:54,553 --> 00:23:56,021 STIFLING THE CAREER OF ANOTHER? 643 00:23:56,021 --> 00:23:58,757 IT CAUSED ME A LOT OF CONCERN AT 644 00:23:58,757 --> 00:23:59,091 THE BEGINNING. 645 00:23:59,091 --> 00:24:00,626 THEN WE READ THROUGH THEIR 646 00:24:00,626 --> 00:24:01,760 APPLICATIONS BOTH WHICH WERE 647 00:24:01,760 --> 00:24:03,829 REALLY EXCELLENT AND WANTED TO 648 00:24:03,829 --> 00:24:04,796 FUND BOTH. 649 00:24:04,796 --> 00:24:07,399 THEY HAD A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT 650 00:24:07,399 --> 00:24:09,434 FOCUS BUT MUCH OVERLAP IN THEIR 651 00:24:09,434 --> 00:24:09,835 METHODS. 652 00:24:09,835 --> 00:24:12,638 THEY HAD DIFFERENT TARGET 653 00:24:12,638 --> 00:24:12,905 AUDIENCES. 654 00:24:12,905 --> 00:24:14,907 ONE WAS TARGETING HPV PREVENTION 655 00:24:14,907 --> 00:24:20,112 LOOKING AT THE PARENT AND ONE 656 00:24:20,112 --> 00:24:23,615 LOOKING AT THE PHYSICIANS AND 657 00:24:23,615 --> 00:24:26,852 ONE WORKED WITH A HISPANIC AND 658 00:24:26,852 --> 00:24:27,653 ANOTHER WITH THE HAITIAN 659 00:24:27,653 --> 00:24:29,054 POPULATION AND INSTEAD OF THINK 660 00:24:29,054 --> 00:24:33,091 OF IT AS A PROBLEM AND MAKING 661 00:24:33,091 --> 00:24:36,395 SURE THE TWO INDIVIDUALS WOULD 662 00:24:36,395 --> 00:24:39,064 NOT BE A PROBLEM FOR THE TWO, 663 00:24:39,064 --> 00:24:40,365 OUR INTERNAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 664 00:24:40,365 --> 00:24:41,700 SUGGESTED NOT ONLY WE FOUND BOTH 665 00:24:41,700 --> 00:24:46,605 OF THEM BUT WORK WITH BOTH TO 666 00:24:46,605 --> 00:24:50,575 DEVELOP A COLLABORATIVE TEAM 667 00:24:50,575 --> 00:24:51,543 APPROACH TO THEIR RESEARCH. 668 00:24:51,543 --> 00:24:53,545 WE MADE SURE EACH HAD THEIR OWN 669 00:24:53,545 --> 00:24:55,681 MENTORING TEAMS AND MENTORS BUT 670 00:24:55,681 --> 00:24:58,183 ALSO HAD OVERLAP OF THEIR 671 00:24:58,183 --> 00:25:00,385 MENTORS AROUND THEIR 672 00:25:00,385 --> 00:25:02,654 METHODOLOGIES WHERE BOTH WERE 673 00:25:02,654 --> 00:25:04,122 DOING INITIAL QUALITATIVE WORK 674 00:25:04,122 --> 00:25:06,625 TO THINK HOW TO COLLABORATE AND 675 00:25:06,625 --> 00:25:11,029 WORK TOGETHER. 676 00:25:11,029 --> 00:25:13,165 SINCE THEY BOTH HAD INROADS 677 00:25:13,165 --> 00:25:14,032 ABOUT CERTAIN POPULATIONS AND 678 00:25:14,032 --> 00:25:15,801 THEY'D BE ABLE TO EXPAND THE 679 00:25:15,801 --> 00:25:17,869 POPULATIONS THEY WERE STUDYING 680 00:25:17,869 --> 00:25:19,338 OPPOSED TO HAVING TO CONTRACT 681 00:25:19,338 --> 00:25:19,538 THAT. 682 00:25:19,538 --> 00:25:23,709 AND I'M HAPPY TO SAY THIS WORKED 683 00:25:23,709 --> 00:25:26,178 ADVANCING IN THEIR CAREERS. 684 00:25:26,178 --> 00:25:29,581 DR. NATALIE PEER JOSEPH AND 685 00:25:29,581 --> 00:25:30,449 DR. PERKINS HAVE BEEN 686 00:25:30,449 --> 00:25:33,218 COLLABORATING NOW OVER A DECADE. 687 00:25:33,218 --> 00:25:35,053 I PULLED ONE OF THEIR MORE 688 00:25:35,053 --> 00:25:36,321 RECENT PUBLICATIONS FROM 2020 689 00:25:36,321 --> 00:25:38,590 USING THE MODEL OF WORKING 690 00:25:38,590 --> 00:25:39,024 TOGETHER. 691 00:25:39,024 --> 00:25:42,361 EACH TAKING A LEAD ON THE 692 00:25:42,361 --> 00:25:44,162 PROJECT THAT WAS PART OF THEIR 693 00:25:44,162 --> 00:25:45,597 BIRCWH PROJECT AND MOVING THAT 694 00:25:45,597 --> 00:25:48,633 FOR WAR AND THEN SUPPORTING AND 695 00:25:48,633 --> 00:25:50,702 COLLABORATING WITH EACH OTHER ON 696 00:25:50,702 --> 00:25:54,139 THE STRENGTHS THEY HAD TO 697 00:25:54,139 --> 00:25:54,906 ADVANCE THEIR PROGRAM. 698 00:25:54,906 --> 00:25:56,141 THE BIRCWH HAS BEEN AN EXAMPLE 699 00:25:56,141 --> 00:25:58,043 OF DEVELOPING TEAM WORK IN 700 00:25:58,043 --> 00:25:59,411 RESEARCH AND THERE'S A LOT OF 701 00:25:59,411 --> 00:26:00,078 GREAT PHOTOGRAPHS OF A LOT OF 702 00:26:00,078 --> 00:26:00,846 YOU AND YOUR PROGRAMS. 703 00:26:00,846 --> 00:26:04,583 I HOPE YOU ENJOY THESE 704 00:26:04,583 --> 00:26:06,618 PHOTOGRAPHS OF YOUR TEAMS. 705 00:26:06,618 --> 00:26:07,686 I'M GOING BRING UP ANOTHER 706 00:26:07,686 --> 00:26:08,787 EXAMPLE AND IT'S IMPORTANT FOR 707 00:26:08,787 --> 00:26:10,288 THE SCHOLARS HERE FOR THE FIRST 708 00:26:10,288 --> 00:26:11,023 TIME TODAY. 709 00:26:11,023 --> 00:26:13,158 WHEN YOU'RE AT THAT POSTER 710 00:26:13,158 --> 00:26:14,659 SESSION AND SEE SOMEBODY ELSE'S 711 00:26:14,659 --> 00:26:16,428 POSTER THAT LOOKS LIKE IT'S SORT 712 00:26:16,428 --> 00:26:18,630 OF IN THE SAME AREA AS YOURS, 713 00:26:18,630 --> 00:26:19,664 DON'T PANIC. 714 00:26:19,664 --> 00:26:21,500 DON'T THINK OF THIS AS SOMEBODY 715 00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:22,934 WHO IS GOING TO DO THE 716 00:26:22,934 --> 00:26:24,636 PUBLICATION WORK AND YOUR WORK 717 00:26:24,636 --> 00:26:25,871 WILL NOT GET PUBLISHED. 718 00:26:25,871 --> 00:26:30,075 GO UP TO THAT PERSON AND THINK 719 00:26:30,075 --> 00:26:30,776 HOW TO COLLABORATE. 720 00:26:30,776 --> 00:26:32,010 OVER TEN YEARS AGO THAT HAPPENED 721 00:26:32,010 --> 00:26:42,020 AT ONE OF THE MEETINGS. 722 00:26:42,020 --> 00:26:45,757 EMLY MET WITH A SCHOLAR 723 00:26:45,757 --> 00:26:48,627 DR. BOYNTON AND BOTH HAD AN 724 00:26:48,627 --> 00:26:50,562 INTERESTING IN LOOKING AT 725 00:26:50,562 --> 00:26:52,631 CHILDHOOD HARDSHIPS AND 726 00:26:52,631 --> 00:26:53,765 FERTILITY ISSUES SUBSEQUENTLY. 727 00:26:53,765 --> 00:26:55,233 RATHER THAN SEEING IT AS A 728 00:26:55,233 --> 00:26:58,437 COMPETITIVE ISSUE THEY MET AND 729 00:26:58,437 --> 00:27:01,106 SAID LET'S WRITE A GRANT 730 00:27:01,106 --> 00:27:01,373 TOGETHER. 731 00:27:01,373 --> 00:27:02,741 THEY'VE HAD SEVERAL FUNDING 732 00:27:02,741 --> 00:27:03,809 OPPORTUNITIES THEY'VE BEEN 733 00:27:03,809 --> 00:27:06,311 CO-P.I.s ON AND YOU CAN SEE FROM 734 00:27:06,311 --> 00:27:08,180 THE PUBLICATION DATES HERE 735 00:27:08,180 --> 00:27:09,815 THEY'VE HAD OVER A 10-YEAR 736 00:27:09,815 --> 00:27:10,816 COLLABORATION OF WORKING 737 00:27:10,816 --> 00:27:11,316 TOGETHER. 738 00:27:11,316 --> 00:27:13,151 A COLLABORATION THAT STARTED 739 00:27:13,151 --> 00:27:15,020 HERE AT ONE OF THE BIRCWH 740 00:27:15,020 --> 00:27:19,324 MEETINGS. 741 00:27:19,324 --> 00:27:20,826 DR. BIRCH HERE TODAY WHO HAS 742 00:27:20,826 --> 00:27:23,028 LOOKED AT THE ISSUE OF 743 00:27:23,028 --> 00:27:24,029 INCREASING COLLABORATIONS WITH 744 00:27:24,029 --> 00:27:24,830 THE BIRCWH PROGRAM. 745 00:27:24,830 --> 00:27:28,633 YOU CAN SEE FROM HER NOTE 746 00:27:28,633 --> 00:27:29,868 ANALYSIS ABOUT THE IMPACT OF THE 747 00:27:29,868 --> 00:27:32,237 BIRCWH PROGRAM IN ADVANCING THE 748 00:27:32,237 --> 00:27:36,741 NETWORK OF SCHOLARS TO INCREASE 749 00:27:36,741 --> 00:27:39,044 THEIR COLLABORATIONS AND IMPACT 750 00:27:39,044 --> 00:27:42,914 OF THEIR RESEARCH. 751 00:27:42,914 --> 00:27:44,116 SO GOING BACK TO THE QUESTION OF 752 00:27:44,116 --> 00:27:45,517 RESEARCH AND TEAMS. 753 00:27:45,517 --> 00:27:47,419 CAN THIS WORK TO ADVANCE 754 00:27:47,419 --> 00:27:47,786 EVERYONE. 755 00:27:47,786 --> 00:27:50,255 AND HOW CAN WE PREVENT TEAMS 756 00:27:50,255 --> 00:27:52,457 FROM INTERFERING WITH ACADEMIC 757 00:27:52,457 --> 00:27:53,191 PROMOTION AND RECOGNITION? 758 00:27:53,191 --> 00:27:54,559 THERE'S A COUPLE WAYS WE CAN DO 759 00:27:54,559 --> 00:27:58,663 THIS AND I WANT TO TALK ABOUT A 760 00:27:58,663 --> 00:27:59,931 LITTLE BIT BOTH FROM THE POINT 761 00:27:59,931 --> 00:28:01,266 OF VIEW OF THE EARLY SCHOLAR AND 762 00:28:01,266 --> 00:28:04,803 FROM THOSE OF US WHO NOW HOLD 763 00:28:04,803 --> 00:28:05,570 LEADERSHIP POSITIONS WITHIN 764 00:28:05,570 --> 00:28:06,104 ORGANIZATIONS. 765 00:28:06,104 --> 00:28:08,006 I THINK THE TEAM WORK DOES WORK. 766 00:28:08,006 --> 00:28:09,941 I THINK THERE'S A COUPLE OF 767 00:28:09,941 --> 00:28:11,810 GUARDRAILS YOU WANT TO PUT IN 768 00:28:11,810 --> 00:28:13,411 PLACE FOR YOUR SCHOLARS AND FOR 769 00:28:13,411 --> 00:28:14,946 YOU AS SCHOLARS AS YOU'RE 770 00:28:14,946 --> 00:28:15,680 STARTING TO DEVELOP TEAMS. 771 00:28:15,680 --> 00:28:17,382 I THINK AS YOU'RE WORKING WITH A 772 00:28:17,382 --> 00:28:19,985 GROUP IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT FOR 773 00:28:19,985 --> 00:28:22,354 EACH INDIVIDUAL, EACH SCIENTIST 774 00:28:22,354 --> 00:28:25,357 WITHIN THAT GROUP TO HAVE THEIR 775 00:28:25,357 --> 00:28:26,725 SPECIFIC AREA OF FOCUS THEY 776 00:28:26,725 --> 00:28:35,367 BRING AND WHAT THEY'RE SC -- WH 777 00:28:35,367 --> 00:28:39,771 SCHOLAR ACHIEVEMENTS WILL COME 778 00:28:39,771 --> 00:28:41,339 FROM AND THAT AND DEMONSTRATE 779 00:28:41,339 --> 00:28:44,209 THAT FOR THE ACADEMIC PROMOTION. 780 00:28:44,209 --> 00:28:46,077 ONE THING WE CAN DO AS SENIOR 781 00:28:46,077 --> 00:28:47,512 LEADERS NOW IN ORGANIZATIONS IS 782 00:28:47,512 --> 00:28:50,949 TO LOOK AT OUR ADVANCEMENT AND 783 00:28:50,949 --> 00:28:53,919 PROMOTION CRITERIA AND WORK TO 784 00:28:53,919 --> 00:28:54,686 MAKE SURE THEY INCLUDE 785 00:28:54,686 --> 00:28:57,722 RECOGNITION OF ALL ASPECTS OF 786 00:28:57,722 --> 00:29:00,659 SCHOLARSHIP AND ALL 787 00:29:00,659 --> 00:29:04,329 CONTRIBUTIONS TO SCHOLARSHIP AND 788 00:29:04,329 --> 00:29:06,831 IT'S THE INDIVIDUAL WORK OF EACH 789 00:29:06,831 --> 00:29:08,066 MEMBER OF THE TEAM. 790 00:29:08,066 --> 00:29:13,071 I THINK FROM THIS APPROACH WE 791 00:29:13,071 --> 00:29:13,805 CAN MAKE SURE FROM EVERYBODY 792 00:29:13,805 --> 00:29:20,812 ADVANCING IN THEIR FIELD. 793 00:29:20,812 --> 00:29:23,949 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT WORKING IN 794 00:29:23,949 --> 00:29:25,884 TEAMS IN CLINICAL CARE. 795 00:29:25,884 --> 00:29:27,786 THE LANDSCAPE IS DIFFERENT THAN 796 00:29:27,786 --> 00:29:29,254 EVEN 10 YEARS AGO. 797 00:29:29,254 --> 00:29:30,989 MEDICARE HAS LONG SINCE 798 00:29:30,989 --> 00:29:32,424 ELIMINATE THE ACADEMIC PAYMENT 799 00:29:32,424 --> 00:29:34,459 TO OUR ACADEMIC CENTERS WHICH 800 00:29:34,459 --> 00:29:36,127 WAS OFTEN TIMES USED BY 801 00:29:36,127 --> 00:29:38,997 INSTITUTIONS TO SUPPORT EARLY 802 00:29:38,997 --> 00:29:40,999 CAREER FACULTY EARLY ON GIVING 803 00:29:40,999 --> 00:29:42,534 THEM DEDICATED TIME TO RESEARCH. 804 00:29:42,534 --> 00:29:43,935 THOSE DAYS HAVE LONG SINCE 805 00:29:43,935 --> 00:29:44,536 PASSED. 806 00:29:44,536 --> 00:29:50,609 WE NOW HAVE EPIC BASKETS WHICH 807 00:29:50,609 --> 00:29:51,176 ARE FULL. 808 00:29:51,176 --> 00:29:53,778 AND WE LONG TO HAVE A SYSTEM 809 00:29:53,778 --> 00:29:54,679 THAT ENSURES PHYSICIANS AND 810 00:29:54,679 --> 00:29:56,381 EVERYBODY IN OUR TEAM ARE 811 00:29:56,381 --> 00:29:58,283 FOCUSSED AT THE TOP OF OUR 812 00:29:58,283 --> 00:30:01,219 LICENSE BUT THE REALITY IS MANY 813 00:30:01,219 --> 00:30:03,054 INNOVATIONS IN CARE WIND UP 814 00:30:03,054 --> 00:30:04,422 PULLING PHYSICIANS BACK TO MORE 815 00:30:04,422 --> 00:30:06,658 CLIFF CAL AND OTHER 816 00:30:06,658 --> 00:30:16,334 RESPONSIBILITIES. 817 00:30:16,334 --> 00:30:18,003 THEN THERE'S CARE TO FAMILIES 818 00:30:18,003 --> 00:30:20,505 AND PATIENT WHO'S COULD NOT 819 00:30:20,505 --> 00:30:21,606 ACCESS TELEHEALTH OR PORTALS TO 820 00:30:21,606 --> 00:30:23,041 GET INFORMATION. 821 00:30:23,041 --> 00:30:25,210 THE PATIENTS WORKING TWO OR 822 00:30:25,210 --> 00:30:27,078 THREE JOBS AND LOSE A DAY'S PAY 823 00:30:27,078 --> 00:30:28,680 WHEN THEY NEED TO HAVE A 824 00:30:28,680 --> 00:30:29,648 DOCTOR'S APPOINTMENT. 825 00:30:29,648 --> 00:30:33,485 HOW CAN WE ACHIEVE HEALTH 826 00:30:33,485 --> 00:30:34,819 EQUITY, SUPPORT OUR PATIENTS AND 827 00:30:34,819 --> 00:30:36,621 STILL GET HOME IN TIME FOR 828 00:30:36,621 --> 00:30:37,255 DINNER? 829 00:30:37,255 --> 00:30:39,991 I WANTED TO SHOW WHEN I STARTED 830 00:30:39,991 --> 00:30:45,130 RESEARCHING FOR THIS TALK I 831 00:30:45,130 --> 00:30:50,669 DECIDED TO GO INTO NIH REPORTER 832 00:30:50,669 --> 00:30:52,337 AND LOOKING AT PROVIDING SUPPORT 833 00:30:52,337 --> 00:30:53,738 TO UNDER RESOURCED COMMUNITIES 834 00:30:53,738 --> 00:30:55,640 AND MANY SCHOLARS ARE WORK TO 835 00:30:55,640 --> 00:31:01,012 IDENTIFY THE NEGATIVE THE IMPACT 836 00:31:01,012 --> 00:31:02,881 OF POOR SOCIAL DETERMINATES OF 837 00:31:02,881 --> 00:31:04,916 HEALTH AND MANY ARE LOOKING AT 838 00:31:04,916 --> 00:31:06,117 THE SOCIAL NEEDS OF WOMEN. 839 00:31:06,117 --> 00:31:07,952 I THOUGHT I'D INCLUDE A FEW 840 00:31:07,952 --> 00:31:08,186 EXAMPLE. 841 00:31:08,186 --> 00:31:11,056 I'LL START WITH ONE OF OUR 842 00:31:11,056 --> 00:31:14,359 FORMER SCHOLARS WHO LOOKED AT 843 00:31:14,359 --> 00:31:15,927 THE GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL 844 00:31:15,927 --> 00:31:18,363 NEEDS DURING THE LIFE COURSE. 845 00:31:18,363 --> 00:31:20,498 AND FOUND WHILE MEN OVER THE 846 00:31:20,498 --> 00:31:22,867 LIFE COURSE HAVE A REDUCTION IN 847 00:31:22,867 --> 00:31:26,504 THEIR SOCIAL NEEDS, SHE FOUND A 848 00:31:26,504 --> 00:31:28,840 U-SHAPED RELATIONSHIP WITH WOMEN 849 00:31:28,840 --> 00:31:31,443 IN THE MID YEARS AND BEYOND 850 00:31:31,443 --> 00:31:34,679 HAVING MORE SOCIAL NEEDS WITH 851 00:31:34,679 --> 00:31:39,017 REAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THEIR 852 00:31:39,017 --> 00:31:40,218 HEALTH AND THEIR HEALTH NEEDS. 853 00:31:40,218 --> 00:31:47,025 I'M GOING TO MOVE ON TO DEBORAH 854 00:31:47,025 --> 00:31:49,861 FROM THE UCSF BIRCWH WHO LOOKED 855 00:31:49,861 --> 00:31:53,631 AT AREAS REDLINED IN THE 1940s 856 00:31:53,631 --> 00:31:55,266 IN THE SAN FRANCISCO, OAKLAND 857 00:31:55,266 --> 00:31:57,936 AND L.A. AREAS AND WAS ABLE TO 858 00:31:57,936 --> 00:31:59,204 DEMONSTRATE THE SAME COMMUNITIES 859 00:31:59,204 --> 00:32:01,439 EVEN 50 YEARS LATER CONTINUE TO 860 00:32:01,439 --> 00:32:03,675 HAVE ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AND 861 00:32:03,675 --> 00:32:06,678 INCREASED RATES OF PREMATURE 862 00:32:06,678 --> 00:32:08,179 DELIVERY. 863 00:32:08,179 --> 00:32:10,382 ANOTHER UCSF SCHOLAR, THIS IS 864 00:32:10,382 --> 00:32:12,784 BRITTANY CHAMBERS WORK AND HER 865 00:32:12,784 --> 00:32:14,319 COLLABORATION, LOOKED AT A 866 00:32:14,319 --> 00:32:15,787 MEASURE OF STRUCTURAL RACISM. 867 00:32:15,787 --> 00:32:17,789 THE INDEX OF CONCENTRATION AT 868 00:32:17,789 --> 00:32:19,958 THE EXTREMES AND LOOKED TO SEE 869 00:32:19,958 --> 00:32:25,764 THE ASSOCIATION OF THIS WITH 870 00:32:25,764 --> 00:32:29,134 ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AND WITH 871 00:32:29,134 --> 00:32:31,703 THE AREAS OF HIGHEST SEGREGATION 872 00:32:31,703 --> 00:32:34,439 ON THE SLIDE THAT THOSE 873 00:32:34,439 --> 00:32:36,107 COMMUNITIES AND THOSE 874 00:32:36,107 --> 00:32:37,142 NEIGHBORHOODS HAD HIGHER RATES 875 00:32:37,142 --> 00:32:39,144 OF PRETERM BIRTH AND INFANT 876 00:32:39,144 --> 00:32:42,480 MORTALITY. 877 00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:46,418 THE NEXT PAPER I HOLD UP AND I 878 00:32:46,418 --> 00:32:48,253 SEEM TO HAVE LOST THE FIRST LINE 879 00:32:48,253 --> 00:32:52,624 OF THAT SLIDE HERE, THIS IS WORK 880 00:32:52,624 --> 00:32:54,359 FROM THE EMORY BIRCWH AND WAS 881 00:32:54,359 --> 00:32:55,093 ABLE TO SHOW A DIFFERENCE 882 00:32:55,093 --> 00:32:57,796 BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN AND THE 883 00:32:57,796 --> 00:32:59,597 ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL 884 00:32:59,597 --> 00:33:00,899 VULNERABILITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL 885 00:33:00,899 --> 00:33:01,199 DISTRESS. 886 00:33:01,199 --> 00:33:03,668 AND FOUND FOR WOMEN IN 887 00:33:03,668 --> 00:33:07,372 PARTICULAR THERE WAS GREATER 888 00:33:07,372 --> 00:33:09,140 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS WITH 889 00:33:09,140 --> 00:33:10,608 HIGHER RATES OF SOCIAL 890 00:33:10,608 --> 00:33:14,879 VULNERABILITY COMPARED TO MEN. 891 00:33:14,879 --> 00:33:17,515 JOSHUA BUNDY AT THE TULANE 892 00:33:17,515 --> 00:33:20,985 BIRCWH WAS LOOKING AT WHAT WERE 893 00:33:20,985 --> 00:33:22,887 SOME OF THE SOCIAL DETERMINATES 894 00:33:22,887 --> 00:33:24,889 THAT EXPLAINED THE DIFFERENCE IN 895 00:33:24,889 --> 00:33:27,826 BLACK AND WHITE MORTALITY AGAIN 896 00:33:27,826 --> 00:33:28,960 USING SOME OF THE NHANES DATA 897 00:33:28,960 --> 00:33:32,297 AND FOUND IN PARTICULAR IN THIS 898 00:33:32,297 --> 00:33:34,165 BEAUTIFUL PIE CHART THERE WERE 899 00:33:34,165 --> 00:33:39,070 FOUR AREAS IN PARTICULAR THAT 900 00:33:39,070 --> 00:33:42,974 COULD BE HIGHLY ASSOCIATED WITH 901 00:33:42,974 --> 00:33:46,478 THE DIFFERENCE WITH BLACK AND 902 00:33:46,478 --> 00:33:48,146 WHITE MORTALITY, EMPLOYMENT, 903 00:33:48,146 --> 00:33:48,813 POVERTY, LACK OF INSURANCE AND 904 00:33:48,813 --> 00:33:57,455 NOT HAVING A PARTNER. 905 00:33:57,455 --> 00:33:59,290 THIS IS TO THE WORK OF KATHERINE 906 00:33:59,290 --> 00:34:03,561 McKINLEY ALSO AT THE TULANE 907 00:34:03,561 --> 00:34:03,795 BIRCWH. 908 00:34:03,795 --> 00:34:09,100 SOME WORK THAT SHE HAS BEEN 909 00:34:09,100 --> 00:34:12,070 DOING WITH HER MENTORS LOOKED TO 910 00:34:12,070 --> 00:34:14,672 DEVELOP TEAMS WITH COMMUNITY 911 00:34:14,672 --> 00:34:16,107 REPRESENTATION TO SUPPORT 912 00:34:16,107 --> 00:34:18,743 PREVENTIVE HEALTH WORKING WITH 913 00:34:18,743 --> 00:34:20,645 INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES. 914 00:34:20,645 --> 00:34:23,047 THEN THE LAST EXAMPLE I'M GOING 915 00:34:23,047 --> 00:34:25,717 TO SHOW IS KATIE. 916 00:34:25,717 --> 00:34:30,421 SORRY, IF I MISPRONOUNCE HER 917 00:34:30,421 --> 00:34:40,498 NAME, MINDEL WHO LOOKED AT DOULA 918 00:34:40,498 --> 00:34:42,600 CARE AS AN INTERVENTION TO 919 00:34:42,600 --> 00:34:46,437 ADDRESS THE SOCIAL DETERMINATES 920 00:34:46,437 --> 00:34:47,372 OF HEALTH. 921 00:34:47,372 --> 00:34:48,706 HOW CAN TEAM WORK ADDRESS SOCIAL 922 00:34:48,706 --> 00:34:48,973 NEEDS? 923 00:34:48,973 --> 00:34:52,911 I'LL TALK ABOUT SOME OF MY OWN 924 00:34:52,911 --> 00:34:56,080 RESEARCH WITH MY TEAMS ON 925 00:34:56,080 --> 00:34:56,881 PATIENT NAVIGATION. 926 00:34:56,881 --> 00:35:00,118 THEY SERVE AS THE GO BETWEEN 927 00:35:00,118 --> 00:35:00,818 BETWEEN THE PATIENT, HEALTH CARE 928 00:35:00,818 --> 00:35:01,786 SYSTEM AND COMMUNITY. 929 00:35:01,786 --> 00:35:03,054 THEY HAVE KNOWLEDGE HOW TO GET 930 00:35:03,054 --> 00:35:06,724 OUR PATIENTS HOW TO GET THE 931 00:35:06,724 --> 00:35:08,760 HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS WHICH HAVE 932 00:35:08,760 --> 00:35:09,627 BECOME INCREASINGLY COMPLEX EVEN 933 00:35:09,627 --> 00:35:12,363 AS THE CARE HAS GOTTEN 934 00:35:12,363 --> 00:35:13,765 INCREASINGLY APPROVED AND HAVE 935 00:35:13,765 --> 00:35:14,299 AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE 936 00:35:14,299 --> 00:35:16,334 COMMUNITY, CULTURE AND MEDICAL 937 00:35:16,334 --> 00:35:19,404 MODEL OF OUR PATIENTS AS WELL AS 938 00:35:19,404 --> 00:35:21,506 SOCIAL DETERMINATES AND THE BEST 939 00:35:21,506 --> 00:35:22,807 TO SCREEN FOR SOCIAL NEEDS. 940 00:35:22,807 --> 00:35:26,244 SO WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF 941 00:35:26,244 --> 00:35:29,013 PATIENT NAVIGATION WE'VE USED 942 00:35:29,013 --> 00:35:30,648 AND MUCH OF THE WORK HAS BEEN 943 00:35:30,648 --> 00:35:32,917 DONE IN CANCER AND IN A NUMBER 944 00:35:32,917 --> 00:35:34,519 OF AREAS, WE'VE LOOKED AT 945 00:35:34,519 --> 00:35:35,753 PATIENT NAVIGATION BEGINNING AT 946 00:35:35,753 --> 00:35:40,291 THE TIME OF AN ABNORMAL CANCER 947 00:35:40,291 --> 00:35:41,926 SCREENING WORKING THROUGH 948 00:35:41,926 --> 00:35:42,961 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT WITH A 949 00:35:42,961 --> 00:35:45,697 GOAL OF ELIMINATING CRITICAL 950 00:35:45,697 --> 00:35:47,031 DELIVERY GAPS FOR POPULATIONS 951 00:35:47,031 --> 00:35:50,902 EXPERIENCING HEALTH DISPARITIES. 952 00:35:50,902 --> 00:35:53,104 THE TASKS OF THE PATIENT 953 00:35:53,104 --> 00:35:53,905 NAVIGATOR DEPEND ON THE LOCATION 954 00:35:53,905 --> 00:35:55,907 AND NEEDS OF THAT PARTICULAR 955 00:35:55,907 --> 00:35:57,442 COMMUNITY BUT INCLUDE A NUMBER 956 00:35:57,442 --> 00:36:00,211 OF FACTORS SUCH AS TRANSLATING 957 00:36:00,211 --> 00:36:01,746 WHAT TO EXPECT INTO LAY 958 00:36:01,746 --> 00:36:03,047 LANGUAGE, PROMOTING AND 959 00:36:03,047 --> 00:36:04,015 INFORMATION OF THE HEALTH CARE 960 00:36:04,015 --> 00:36:07,051 SYSTEM, INCREASING ACCESS TO 961 00:36:07,051 --> 00:36:08,219 CLINICAL TRIALS, COACHING AND 962 00:36:08,219 --> 00:36:09,721 PROVIDING SUPPORT TO PATIENTS AS 963 00:36:09,721 --> 00:36:13,224 THEY COME FOR THEIR DOCTOR'S 964 00:36:13,224 --> 00:36:13,958 VISITS. 965 00:36:13,958 --> 00:36:16,060 ASSISTING WITH SOCIAL NEEDS OR 966 00:36:16,060 --> 00:36:17,862 BARRIERS TO CARE AND ONCE 967 00:36:17,862 --> 00:36:19,364 FINDING BARRIERS TO CARE AND 968 00:36:19,364 --> 00:36:21,065 SOCIAL NEEDS FACILITATING WITH 969 00:36:21,065 --> 00:36:23,034 THEIR COMMUNITY RESOURCES TO 970 00:36:23,034 --> 00:36:24,836 ADDRESS THOSE. 971 00:36:24,836 --> 00:36:27,071 SO I WANT TO SHOW A FEW SLIDES 972 00:36:27,071 --> 00:36:29,173 FROM ONE OF OUR STUDIES ON HOW 973 00:36:29,173 --> 00:36:32,577 PATIENT NAVIGATION HAS BEEN 974 00:36:32,577 --> 00:36:37,148 HELPFUL TO ELIMINATE HEALTH 975 00:36:37,148 --> 00:36:37,815 DISPARITIES THE RESEARCH PROGRAM 976 00:36:37,815 --> 00:36:40,251 WHICH IS A STUDY OF 12,000 977 00:36:40,251 --> 00:36:42,820 PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL CANCER 978 00:36:42,820 --> 00:36:45,957 SCREENING FOR A NEW CANCER 979 00:36:45,957 --> 00:36:46,257 DIAGNOSIS. 980 00:36:46,257 --> 00:36:47,825 WHAT WAS USED WAS ACCESS TO 981 00:36:47,825 --> 00:36:49,427 TIMELY CARE LOOKING AT THE TIME 982 00:36:49,427 --> 00:36:53,831 IT TOOK FOR PATIENTS TO GET 983 00:36:53,831 --> 00:36:54,499 DIAGNOSTIC RESOLUTION OR INTO 984 00:36:54,499 --> 00:36:56,134 CANCER TREATMENT AND WE LOOKED 985 00:36:56,134 --> 00:37:00,405 AT THE IMPACT OF THE NAVIGATION 986 00:37:00,405 --> 00:37:01,139 INTERVENTION WHICH WAS A 987 00:37:01,139 --> 00:37:03,374 CLINICAL TRIAL WITH A CONTROL 988 00:37:03,374 --> 00:37:05,343 VERSUS A NAVIGATION ARM AND SEE 989 00:37:05,343 --> 00:37:06,811 IF WE COULD SEE DIFFERENCES 990 00:37:06,811 --> 00:37:08,079 BASED ON SELF SOCIAL NEEDS. 991 00:37:08,079 --> 00:37:11,215 SO I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU THREE 992 00:37:11,215 --> 00:37:11,516 SLIDES. 993 00:37:11,516 --> 00:37:15,987 THE FIRST IS LOOK AGENT THE 994 00:37:15,987 --> 00:37:17,388 IMPACT OF ON PATIENT NAVIGATION 995 00:37:17,388 --> 00:37:19,757 IB ELIMINATING DISPARITIES BY 996 00:37:19,757 --> 00:37:20,091 INCOME. 997 00:37:20,091 --> 00:37:23,361 TO GIVE YOU A LITTLE BIT OF 998 00:37:23,361 --> 00:37:24,696 ORIENTATION TO SHE SLIDE. 999 00:37:24,696 --> 00:37:26,731 I'M SHOWING THE ADJUSTED HAZARD 1000 00:37:26,731 --> 00:37:28,433 RATIOS FOR THE CONTROL ARM IN 1001 00:37:28,433 --> 00:37:30,168 THE LEFT AND NAVIGATION ARM IN 1002 00:37:30,168 --> 00:37:31,469 THE RIGHT COLUMN. 1003 00:37:31,469 --> 00:37:34,605 THE HAZARD RATIOS ARE ADJUSTED 1004 00:37:34,605 --> 00:37:36,741 TIME TO EVENT AND HERE HAZARD 1005 00:37:36,741 --> 00:37:41,512 RUSSIA -- RATIO IS BAD AND MORE 1006 00:37:41,512 --> 00:37:44,248 THAN ONE IS GOOD AND THE 1007 00:37:44,248 --> 00:37:47,518 REFERENCE GROUP IS ONE OF THE 1008 00:37:47,518 --> 00:37:50,321 SUBGROUPS WESTBOUND THE CONTROL 1009 00:37:50,321 --> 00:37:50,755 ARMS. 1010 00:37:50,755 --> 00:37:52,690 HERE WITH INCOME ARE THOSE WHO 1011 00:37:52,690 --> 00:37:54,258 REPORTED A FAMILY INCOME OF MORE 1012 00:37:54,258 --> 00:37:56,160 THAN $50,000. 1013 00:37:56,160 --> 00:38:00,631 YOU SEE THE ADJUSTED HAZARD 1014 00:38:00,631 --> 00:38:06,037 RATIOS FOR ALL THE OTHER INCOME 1015 00:38:06,037 --> 00:38:12,710 CATEGORIES ARE LESS THAN ONE AND 1016 00:38:12,710 --> 00:38:17,882 THE HAZARD RATIOS ARE NOW OVER 1017 00:38:17,882 --> 00:38:19,317 ALL THE TREND IS INDICATING THAT 1018 00:38:19,317 --> 00:38:24,455 HAVING A NAVIGATOR REDUCED THE 1019 00:38:24,455 --> 00:38:27,091 DISPARITIES TO TIMELY CARE FOR 1020 00:38:27,091 --> 00:38:35,533 THOSE WHO ARE LOW INCOME. 1021 00:38:35,533 --> 00:38:38,603 SO HERE WE HAVE AS THE REFERENCE 1022 00:38:38,603 --> 00:38:42,473 GROUP THOSE WHO REPORTED BEING 1023 00:38:42,473 --> 00:38:44,675 EMPLOYED FULL TIME AND YOU'LL 1024 00:38:44,675 --> 00:38:46,711 SEE THOSE WHO RECEIVE BEING 1025 00:38:46,711 --> 00:38:48,079 UNEMPLOYED HAD GREATER DELAYS IN 1026 00:38:48,079 --> 00:38:50,982 CARE WITH AN ADJUSTED HAZARD 1027 00:38:50,982 --> 00:38:52,250 RATIO OF .85 BELOW ONE. 1028 00:38:52,250 --> 00:38:54,786 YOU LOOK AT THE COMPARISON NOW 1029 00:38:54,786 --> 00:38:57,155 IN THE NAVIGATED ARM AND SO 1030 00:38:57,155 --> 00:38:59,590 COMPARED TO THOSE WHO WERE FULLY 1031 00:38:59,590 --> 00:39:03,060 EMPLOYED IN THE CONTROL ARM, 1032 00:39:03,060 --> 00:39:04,829 THOSE WHO RECEIVE NAVIGATION HAD 1033 00:39:04,829 --> 00:39:07,064 MORE TIMELY CARE REGARDLESS OF 1034 00:39:07,064 --> 00:39:08,466 WHETHER THEY WERE EMPLOYED FULL 1035 00:39:08,466 --> 00:39:10,935 TIME, PART-TIME OR UNEMPLOYED. 1036 00:39:10,935 --> 00:39:12,770 AGAIN, INDICATING HAVING A 1037 00:39:12,770 --> 00:39:15,807 PATIENT NAVIGATOR ELIMINATED THE 1038 00:39:15,807 --> 00:39:17,341 DESPAIRS AND DELAYS IN CARE BY 1039 00:39:17,341 --> 00:39:18,442 EMPLOYMENT. 1040 00:39:18,442 --> 00:39:23,080 THEN WE LOOKED AT THE SAME ISSUE 1041 00:39:23,080 --> 00:39:24,382 BY HOUSING. 1042 00:39:24,382 --> 00:39:25,883 AGAIN, OUR CONTROL REFERENCE 1043 00:39:25,883 --> 00:39:27,251 POINT WERE THOSE IN THE CONTROL 1044 00:39:27,251 --> 00:39:28,920 GROUP WHO REPORTED OWNING THEIR 1045 00:39:28,920 --> 00:39:29,620 OWN HOUSE. 1046 00:39:29,620 --> 00:39:31,422 AND WE COMPARED THAT IN THE 1047 00:39:31,422 --> 00:39:33,024 CONTROL ARM YOU CAN SEE THERE 1048 00:39:33,024 --> 00:39:35,059 WERE GREATER DELAYS IN CARE FOR 1049 00:39:35,059 --> 00:39:36,694 THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO REPORTED 1050 00:39:36,694 --> 00:39:38,763 RENTING AND THOSE WHO REPORTED 1051 00:39:38,763 --> 00:39:39,330 OTHER LESS STABLE HOUSING 1052 00:39:39,330 --> 00:39:43,367 ARRANGEMENTS. 1053 00:39:43,367 --> 00:39:44,735 THESE DELAYS IN CARE IN THE 1054 00:39:44,735 --> 00:39:46,470 CONTROL ARM WERE ELIMINATED IN 1055 00:39:46,470 --> 00:39:50,575 THE NAVIGATION ARM REGARDLESS OF 1056 00:39:50,575 --> 00:39:53,044 TYPE OF HOUSING WITH ALL THE 1057 00:39:53,044 --> 00:39:54,812 HAZARD RATIOS NO LONGER BEING 1058 00:39:54,812 --> 00:39:57,081 SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN ONE. 1059 00:39:57,081 --> 00:39:59,050 FINDING NAVIGATION ELIMINATED 1060 00:39:59,050 --> 00:40:03,054 CANCER DISPARITIES IN ACCESS TO 1061 00:40:03,054 --> 00:40:05,389 CARE INDEPENDENT OF ONE'S 1062 00:40:05,389 --> 00:40:06,457 HOUSING. 1063 00:40:06,457 --> 00:40:07,692 SO THERE'S A LOT OF DATA SHOWING 1064 00:40:07,692 --> 00:40:10,094 PATIENT NAVIGATION HAS SHOWN AN 1065 00:40:10,094 --> 00:40:11,495 IMPACT IN THE INTERIM OUTCOMES 1066 00:40:11,495 --> 00:40:12,964 SUCH AS DELAYS IN CARE. 1067 00:40:12,964 --> 00:40:14,799 THE QUESTION IS HAS PATIENT 1068 00:40:14,799 --> 00:40:16,901 NAVIGATION SHOWN AN OVER ALL 1069 00:40:16,901 --> 00:40:18,769 MORTALITY BENEFIT FOR UNDER 1070 00:40:18,769 --> 00:40:19,871 RESOURCED PATIENTS? 1071 00:40:19,871 --> 00:40:22,807 THE NEXT SLIDE IS DATA AROUND 1072 00:40:22,807 --> 00:40:24,141 BREAST CANCER IN THE CITY OF 1073 00:40:24,141 --> 00:40:26,744 BOSTON BUT FRANKLY WE COULD 1074 00:40:26,744 --> 00:40:28,946 PROBABLY RECREATE THIS SLIDE IN 1075 00:40:28,946 --> 00:40:30,815 ALMOST ANY AMERICAN CITY AND FOR 1076 00:40:30,815 --> 00:40:33,050 MANY CONDITIONS OTHER THAN 1077 00:40:33,050 --> 00:40:34,051 BREAST CANCER. 1078 00:40:34,051 --> 00:40:37,021 SO WE CONTINUE TO FIND DESPITE 1079 00:40:37,021 --> 00:40:38,890 ALL THESE EFFORTS THAT BLACK 1080 00:40:38,890 --> 00:40:41,626 WOMEN IN BOSTON ARE ALMOST TWICE 1081 00:40:41,626 --> 00:40:42,793 AS LIKELY TO DIE FROM BREAST 1082 00:40:42,793 --> 00:40:44,161 CANCER WHEN THEY DEVELOP IT 1083 00:40:44,161 --> 00:40:45,162 COMPARED TO WHITE WOMEN. 1084 00:40:45,162 --> 00:40:47,064 THIS IS DATA FROM THE BOSTON 1085 00:40:47,064 --> 00:40:48,432 HEALTH COMMISSION A FEW YEARS 1086 00:40:48,432 --> 00:40:51,569 OLD BUT THE TREND HASN'T CHANGED 1087 00:40:51,569 --> 00:40:52,803 THAT MUCH. 1088 00:40:52,803 --> 00:40:54,772 THIS IS DESPITE THE FACT THERE'S 1089 00:40:54,772 --> 00:40:56,507 NO GAP IN SCREENING. 1090 00:40:56,507 --> 00:40:59,043 WOMEN OF COLOR, BLACK WOMEN, 1091 00:40:59,043 --> 00:41:02,847 ASIAN WOMEN AND HISPANIC WOMEN 1092 00:41:02,847 --> 00:41:07,118 HAVE RATES OF BREAST CANCER 1093 00:41:07,118 --> 00:41:09,720 SCREENING AND MAMMOGRAPHY IN THE 1094 00:41:09,720 --> 00:41:11,555 BOSTON AREA AND MUCH OF THE 1095 00:41:11,555 --> 00:41:11,789 COUNTRY. 1096 00:41:11,789 --> 00:41:14,825 WE HAVE A NUMBER OF HOSPITALS IN 1097 00:41:14,825 --> 00:41:15,693 BOSTON AND EVERY HOSPITAL CLAIMS 1098 00:41:15,693 --> 00:41:16,727 THEY HAVE NO GAPS. 1099 00:41:16,727 --> 00:41:19,030 THEY DON'T SEE DISPARITIES IN 1100 00:41:19,030 --> 00:41:19,563 THEIR DATA. 1101 00:41:19,563 --> 00:41:22,266 AND YET WHEN WE LOOK AT THE 1102 00:41:22,266 --> 00:41:23,301 PUBLIC HEALTH DATA WE CONTINUE 1103 00:41:23,301 --> 00:41:24,502 TO SEE THESE GAPS. 1104 00:41:24,502 --> 00:41:25,603 SO WHAT'S THE REASON? 1105 00:41:25,603 --> 00:41:27,038 ONE THING WE THOUGHT ABOUT IS 1106 00:41:27,038 --> 00:41:29,507 MOST OF US WHEN WE MEASURE OUR 1107 00:41:29,507 --> 00:41:30,775 OWN INTERNAL DATA WE ONLY LOOK 1108 00:41:30,775 --> 00:41:32,510 AT THE PATIENTS WHO START THEIR 1109 00:41:32,510 --> 00:41:34,645 CARE WITH US AND CONTINUE ALL OF 1110 00:41:34,645 --> 00:41:36,147 THEIR TREATMENT WITH US. 1111 00:41:36,147 --> 00:41:37,348 USUALLY DROPPED FROM THE DATA 1112 00:41:37,348 --> 00:41:40,918 ARE THE PATIENTS WHO TRANSFER IN 1113 00:41:40,918 --> 00:41:42,453 FROM ANOTHER LOCATION AND WE 1114 00:41:42,453 --> 00:41:43,688 SOMEHOW DONT INCLUDE THOSE 1115 00:41:43,688 --> 00:41:45,990 PATIENTS THAT MAY START THEIR 1116 00:41:45,990 --> 00:41:47,825 CARE WITH US AND THEN LET US 1117 00:41:47,825 --> 00:41:49,660 KNOW THEY'RE GOING TO ANOTHER 1118 00:41:49,660 --> 00:41:51,028 ORGANIZATION OR INSTITUTION OR 1119 00:41:51,028 --> 00:41:56,100 DON'T SHOW UP FOR FOLLOW UP AND 1120 00:41:56,100 --> 00:41:56,734 THEY'RE LOST TO DATA. 1121 00:41:56,734 --> 00:41:58,569 OUR CONCERN IS THOSE ARE THE 1122 00:41:58,569 --> 00:42:00,237 VERY PATIENTS WE SHOULD BE MOST 1123 00:42:00,237 --> 00:42:01,572 CONCERNED ABOUT. 1124 00:42:01,572 --> 00:42:04,942 THE PATIENT WHO SAID HE OR SHE 1125 00:42:04,942 --> 00:42:06,143 IS GOING TO ANOTHER ORGANIZATION 1126 00:42:06,143 --> 00:42:09,280 FOR CARE AND SOMEHOW THE RECORDS 1127 00:42:09,280 --> 00:42:10,982 ARE NEVER REQUESTED AND SLIDES 1128 00:42:10,982 --> 00:42:12,216 NEVER SIGNED OUT AND NO EVIDENCE 1129 00:42:12,216 --> 00:42:14,352 THEY WENT SOME PLACE ELSE TO 1130 00:42:14,352 --> 00:42:16,454 RECEIVE THEIR CANCER CARE AFTER 1131 00:42:16,454 --> 00:42:17,355 A DIAGNOSIS. 1132 00:42:17,355 --> 00:42:19,623 WE EMBARKED ON ANOTHER STUDY 1133 00:42:19,623 --> 00:42:21,192 WHICH WE'RE JUST COMPLETING 1134 00:42:21,192 --> 00:42:23,027 RIGHT NOW WE CALLED TRANSLATING 1135 00:42:23,027 --> 00:42:23,728 RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE. 1136 00:42:23,728 --> 00:42:25,596 WE DIDN'T REALLY THINK WE WERE 1137 00:42:25,596 --> 00:42:27,631 GOING TO BE STUCK WITH THIS NAME 1138 00:42:27,631 --> 00:42:30,768 FOR A LONG TIME. 1139 00:42:30,768 --> 00:42:33,437 TRIP MAY NOT HAVE BEEN THE BEST 1140 00:42:33,437 --> 00:42:35,973 ACRONYM WE COULD HAVE USED BUT 1141 00:42:35,973 --> 00:42:37,875 THE CONCEPT WITH US OF WAS THIS, 1142 00:42:37,875 --> 00:42:39,910 WE SHOULD LOOK OUTSIDE OUR WALLS 1143 00:42:39,910 --> 00:42:42,513 AND BUILD BIGGER TEAMS. 1144 00:42:42,513 --> 00:42:47,051 WE WANTED TO MAKE A CASE FOR 1145 00:42:47,051 --> 00:42:48,786 COLLABORATIONS FOR DISPARITIES 1146 00:42:48,786 --> 00:42:50,821 AND POSTULATED THE ELIMINATION 1147 00:42:50,821 --> 00:42:55,659 OF HEALTH DISPARITIES REQUIRES A 1148 00:42:55,659 --> 00:42:56,660 PARADIGM SHIFT FROM THE 1149 00:42:56,660 --> 00:42:59,030 RESPONSIBILITY FROM THE PATIENT 1150 00:42:59,030 --> 00:43:01,932 OR DOCTOR OR THE INSTITUTIONAL 1151 00:43:01,932 --> 00:43:02,566 RESPONSIBILITY FROM THE HEALTH 1152 00:43:02,566 --> 00:43:03,934 CARE SYSTEM AND THE PATIENT 1153 00:43:03,934 --> 00:43:05,069 WHO'S WALK INTO THE HEALTH CARE 1154 00:43:05,069 --> 00:43:06,937 SYSTEM TO A REGIONAL 1155 00:43:06,937 --> 00:43:07,304 RESPONSIBILITY. 1156 00:43:07,304 --> 00:43:10,608 THIS REVISED FOCUS IS CRITICAL 1157 00:43:10,608 --> 00:43:12,810 TO ADDRESS DELIVER GAPS AND 1158 00:43:12,810 --> 00:43:14,045 PRESSES INSTITUTIONS TO WORK 1159 00:43:14,045 --> 00:43:16,447 TOGETHER COLLABORATIVELY TO TAKE 1160 00:43:16,447 --> 00:43:17,948 RESPONSIBILITY FOR EVENTS THAT 1161 00:43:17,948 --> 00:43:19,250 OCCUR OUTSIDE OUR WALLS. 1162 00:43:19,250 --> 00:43:22,620 SO WE'VE ENGAGED ALL THE 1163 00:43:22,620 --> 00:43:23,354 ACADEMIC HOSPITALS IN BOSTON IN 1164 00:43:23,354 --> 00:43:23,788 THE CLINICAL TRIAL. 1165 00:43:23,788 --> 00:43:26,891 WE'RE LOOKING TO SEE IF WE 1166 00:43:26,891 --> 00:43:29,527 DEVELOP A SET OF COLLABORATING 1167 00:43:29,527 --> 00:43:32,897 NAVIGATORS THE CITY SO IF A 1168 00:43:32,897 --> 00:43:33,631 PATIENT CHANGES INSURANCE OR 1169 00:43:33,631 --> 00:43:35,266 DECIDES SHE'S GOING SOMEWHERE 1170 00:43:35,266 --> 00:43:37,334 ELSE FOR CARE, THERE'S SOMEONE 1171 00:43:37,334 --> 00:43:39,070 AT THE RECEIVING END THAT KNOWS 1172 00:43:39,070 --> 00:43:40,204 ABOUT HER AND MAKES SURE THERE'S 1173 00:43:40,204 --> 00:43:41,839 NOT GAPS IN CARE AND GETS INTO 1174 00:43:41,839 --> 00:43:43,741 CARE MORE QUICKLY AND SOMEBODY 1175 00:43:43,741 --> 00:43:44,775 LOOKING TO SEE FOR THE PATIENT 1176 00:43:44,775 --> 00:43:46,610 WHO SAYS THEY'RE GOING ELSEWHERE 1177 00:43:46,610 --> 00:43:47,378 THEY DID GO ELSEWHERE FOR THEIR 1178 00:43:47,378 --> 00:43:50,748 CARE. 1179 00:43:50,748 --> 00:43:53,717 WE'RE JUST FINISHING THE TRIAL 1180 00:43:53,717 --> 00:43:54,685 AND OUR PRELIMINARY DATA DO 1181 00:43:54,685 --> 00:43:57,288 SUGGEST FOR THOSE PATIENTS WHO 1182 00:43:57,288 --> 00:44:00,191 RECEIVE NAVIGATION AND HAVE 1183 00:44:00,191 --> 00:44:01,192 NAVIGATORS HELPING ASSESS THEIR 1184 00:44:01,192 --> 00:44:02,827 SOCIAL NEEDS AND ADDRESSING THAT 1185 00:44:02,827 --> 00:44:03,694 THEY RESULT IN MUCH MORE TIMELY 1186 00:44:03,694 --> 00:44:09,433 CARE. 1187 00:44:09,433 --> 00:44:10,801 I WANT TO THANK YOU FOR THE 1188 00:44:10,801 --> 00:44:11,168 TIME. 1189 00:44:11,168 --> 00:44:12,837 I HOPE I'VE GIVEN YOU SOME AREAS 1190 00:44:12,837 --> 00:44:17,775 TO THINK BIN -- THINK ABOUT IN 1191 00:44:17,775 --> 00:44:19,310 TERMS OF WORKING IN TEAMS AND 1192 00:44:19,310 --> 00:44:21,045 OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCHOLARS AND 1193 00:44:21,045 --> 00:44:22,279 THINKING HOW TEAM WORK CAN 1194 00:44:22,279 --> 00:44:23,547 REALLY ADVANCE YOUR RESEARCH, 1195 00:44:23,547 --> 00:44:25,216 THE IMPACT OF YOUR RESEARCH AND 1196 00:44:25,216 --> 00:44:25,883 YOUR OWN CAREERS. 1197 00:44:25,883 --> 00:44:29,420 FOR THOSE OF US WHO ARE THE 1198 00:44:29,420 --> 00:44:30,688 LEADERS OF OUR BIRCWH PROGRAMS 1199 00:44:30,688 --> 00:44:32,490 ON HOW WE CAN USE TEAM WORK TO 1200 00:44:32,490 --> 00:44:34,158 PROMOTE THE WORK OF OUR SCHOLARS 1201 00:44:34,158 --> 00:44:35,926 AND ALSO TO THINK ABOUT HOW TEAM 1202 00:44:35,926 --> 00:44:38,195 WORK AND WORKING IN BIGGER TEAMS 1203 00:44:38,195 --> 00:44:40,297 AND REGIONAL TEAMS CAN REALLY 1204 00:44:40,297 --> 00:44:42,133 WORK TO SUPPORT THE CARE FOR ALL 1205 00:44:42,133 --> 00:44:43,634 OF OUR PATIENTS. 1206 00:44:43,634 --> 00:44:54,111 THANK YOU ALL SO VERY MUCH. 1207 00:44:56,280 --> 00:44:57,681 DO WE HAVE TIME FOR QUESTIONS? 1208 00:44:57,681 --> 00:44:59,049 I'M TOLD WE HAVE TIME FOR 1209 00:44:59,049 --> 00:45:09,226 QUESTIONS. 1210 00:45:18,135 --> 00:45:20,104 >> HI, THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT 1211 00:45:20,104 --> 00:45:20,437 PRESENTATION. 1212 00:45:20,437 --> 00:45:21,071 IT'S REALLY INSPIRING. 1213 00:45:21,071 --> 00:45:25,843 SO I HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT TRIP. 1214 00:45:25,843 --> 00:45:28,112 CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT 1215 00:45:28,112 --> 00:45:30,314 ABOUT WHAT THE PROCESS WAS 1216 00:45:30,314 --> 00:45:32,249 BUILDING COLLABORATIONS WITH 1217 00:45:32,249 --> 00:45:34,385 OTHER ACTORS IN THE BOSTON AREA. 1218 00:45:34,385 --> 00:45:36,420 I'M REALLY INTRIGUED BY THAT. 1219 00:45:36,420 --> 00:45:40,391 >> SO THE QUESTION HOW YOU GET 1220 00:45:40,391 --> 00:45:43,427 ALL THE COMPETING HOSPITALS IN A 1221 00:45:43,427 --> 00:45:45,129 REGION TO START TO COLLABORATE 1222 00:45:45,129 --> 00:45:45,396 TOGETHER. 1223 00:45:45,396 --> 00:45:47,464 IS THAT YOUR QUESTION? 1224 00:45:47,464 --> 00:45:48,399 >> YEAH. 1225 00:45:48,399 --> 00:45:50,534 >> FIRST, IT STARTS WITH THE 1226 00:45:50,534 --> 00:45:52,636 FACT THAT FOR THOSE OF US THAT 1227 00:45:52,636 --> 00:45:54,205 WORK IN LOCATIONS WHERE THERE 1228 00:45:54,205 --> 00:45:57,141 ARE MULTIPLE ACADEMIC CENTERS OR 1229 00:45:57,141 --> 00:46:00,578 MULTIPLE UNIVERSITIES, IT TURNS 1230 00:46:00,578 --> 00:46:01,845 OUT THAT THOSE WITHIN ANY 1231 00:46:01,845 --> 00:46:03,247 PARTICULAR AREA YOU'RE LIKELY TO 1232 00:46:03,247 --> 00:46:05,816 KNOW YOUR COLLEAGUES AND IN FACT 1233 00:46:05,816 --> 00:46:09,220 WITHIN THE BOSTON AREA WE KNEW 1234 00:46:09,220 --> 00:46:10,354 THE COLLEAGUES THAT WERE WORKING 1235 00:46:10,354 --> 00:46:11,522 IN BREAST CANCER DISPARITIES 1236 00:46:11,522 --> 00:46:12,156 AROUND THE CITY. 1237 00:46:12,156 --> 00:46:14,425 THE OTHER THING THAT WAS REALLY 1238 00:46:14,425 --> 00:46:17,428 HELPFUL IS THE BOSTON PUBLIC 1239 00:46:17,428 --> 00:46:19,830 HEALTH COMMISSION AND THE 1240 00:46:19,830 --> 00:46:20,497 MASSACHUSETTS PUBLIC HEALTH 1241 00:46:20,497 --> 00:46:21,799 DEPARTMENT LOOKED AT THE SAME 1242 00:46:21,799 --> 00:46:24,034 DATA I SHOWED AND THEY ACTUALLY 1243 00:46:24,034 --> 00:46:26,770 HELPED TO CONVENE THAT GROUP TO 1244 00:46:26,770 --> 00:46:27,171 COME TOGETHER. 1245 00:46:27,171 --> 00:46:30,174 OUT OF THAT ALSO CAME AND I 1246 00:46:30,174 --> 00:46:31,775 DIDN'T HAVE A LOT TO TALK ABOUT 1247 00:46:31,775 --> 00:46:34,111 THIS A NUMBER OF COMMUNITY 1248 00:46:34,111 --> 00:46:34,945 ORGANIZATIONS THAT WORK 1249 00:46:34,945 --> 00:46:35,312 TOGETHER. 1250 00:46:35,312 --> 00:46:36,981 THE CHALLENGE IS YOU CAN TAKE A 1251 00:46:36,981 --> 00:46:39,016 GROUP OF INVESTIGATORS OR 1252 00:46:39,016 --> 00:46:39,817 INDIVIDUALS WITHIN THOSE 1253 00:46:39,817 --> 00:46:40,751 ORGANIZATIONS AND THEY CAN COME 1254 00:46:40,751 --> 00:46:43,387 UP WITH AN IDEA OF HOW THEY CAN 1255 00:46:43,387 --> 00:46:45,556 COLLABORATE BUT YOU THEN HAVE TO 1256 00:46:45,556 --> 00:46:48,726 EXPAND THAT SO IN FACT THE 1257 00:46:48,726 --> 00:46:49,693 ORGANIZATIONS BELIEVE THIS IS 1258 00:46:49,693 --> 00:46:51,028 WORTH DOING AND WANT TO SUPPORT 1259 00:46:51,028 --> 00:46:52,162 THAT. 1260 00:46:52,162 --> 00:46:54,431 AND WE'VE BEEN BROUGHT IN A 1261 00:46:54,431 --> 00:46:56,934 NUMBER OF KEY PLAYERS IN THIS. 1262 00:46:56,934 --> 00:46:57,901 IT INCLUDES PAYERS AND WE'VE 1263 00:46:57,901 --> 00:47:00,871 BEEN WORKING WITH SOME OF THE 1264 00:47:00,871 --> 00:47:03,907 PRIVATE PAYERS AS WELL AS THE 1265 00:47:03,907 --> 00:47:04,875 MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAID CHIEF 1266 00:47:04,875 --> 00:47:06,210 MEDICAL OFFICER IN THAT GROUP 1267 00:47:06,210 --> 00:47:07,711 AND REALLY BRINGING THEM 1268 00:47:07,711 --> 00:47:07,978 TOGETHER. 1269 00:47:07,978 --> 00:47:09,013 I THINK IN THE LONG RUN ONE OF 1270 00:47:09,013 --> 00:47:11,048 THE WAYS WE'LL BE ABLE TO MAKE 1271 00:47:11,048 --> 00:47:13,284 THIS PARADIGM SHIFT IS TO HAVE 1272 00:47:13,284 --> 00:47:15,819 PART OF OUR PAYMENT STRUCTURES 1273 00:47:15,819 --> 00:47:18,088 BE AROUND QUALITY OF CARE AND 1274 00:47:18,088 --> 00:47:20,157 NOT QUALITY OF CARE AGAIN JUST 1275 00:47:20,157 --> 00:47:22,593 WITHIN OUR SMALL GROUP OF 1276 00:47:22,593 --> 00:47:23,927 PATIENTS BUT THINKING ABOUT 1277 00:47:23,927 --> 00:47:25,629 QUALITY CARE ACROSS THE REGION 1278 00:47:25,629 --> 00:47:30,434 TO PROVIDE DOLLARS AND AR IN -- 1279 00:47:30,434 --> 00:47:31,769 DOLLAR INCENTIVES FOR REGIONAL 1280 00:47:31,769 --> 00:47:35,239 GROUPS TO WANT TO WORK TOGETHER. 1281 00:47:35,239 --> 00:47:37,207 >> HELLO. 1282 00:47:37,207 --> 00:47:39,043 I'M FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF 1283 00:47:39,043 --> 00:47:40,911 MINNESOTA BIRCWH PROGRAM AND I 1284 00:47:40,911 --> 00:47:42,579 APPRECIATE THE PRESENTATION AND 1285 00:47:42,579 --> 00:47:43,681 YOUR FRAMING, COLLABORATION 1286 00:47:43,681 --> 00:47:45,215 VERSUS COMPETITION. 1287 00:47:45,215 --> 00:47:49,253 I WONDER HOW YOU CAN SAY YOU 1288 00:47:49,253 --> 00:47:50,354 FOSTER THAT APPROACH AND BUY-IN 1289 00:47:50,354 --> 00:47:52,356 FROM LEADERSHIP, DEPARTMENTS, 1290 00:47:52,356 --> 00:47:53,090 PROMOTION AND TENURE. 1291 00:47:53,090 --> 00:47:54,525 THERE'S THINGS YOU CAN SAY MORE 1292 00:47:54,525 --> 00:47:58,362 ABOUT HOW TO REALLY FOSTER THAT 1293 00:47:58,362 --> 00:47:58,929 FRAMEWORK AND THAT THINKING. 1294 00:47:58,929 --> 00:48:00,798 >> SO I'LL TALK ABOUT SOME OF 1295 00:48:00,798 --> 00:48:02,766 THE LOCAL THINGS I THINK HAVE 1296 00:48:02,766 --> 00:48:03,500 BEEN HELPFUL. 1297 00:48:03,500 --> 00:48:05,436 FIRST, THERE'S PROBABLY MORE 1298 00:48:05,436 --> 00:48:06,937 THAN A FEW PEOPLE THAT HAVE BEEN 1299 00:48:06,937 --> 00:48:12,843 ON THE PROMOTION COMMITTEES OF 1300 00:48:12,843 --> 00:48:13,310 THEIR ORGANIZATION. 1301 00:48:13,310 --> 00:48:14,845 OUR PROMOTION AND TENURE 1302 00:48:14,845 --> 00:48:17,147 COMMITTEE WAS GOING UP AND 1303 00:48:17,147 --> 00:48:18,515 REVIEWING OUR CRITERIA AND IT'S 1304 00:48:18,515 --> 00:48:20,317 ONE OF THE TIMES YOU PUT UP YOUR 1305 00:48:20,317 --> 00:48:22,286 HAND AND SAY I'M GOING TO JOIN 1306 00:48:22,286 --> 00:48:24,855 THE COMMITTEE AND MAKE A PUSH 1307 00:48:24,855 --> 00:48:26,790 FOR THINKING ABOUT THE MIDDLE 1308 00:48:26,790 --> 00:48:29,293 AUTHOR AND HOW DO WE DEFINE THAT 1309 00:48:29,293 --> 00:48:30,861 AND ENSURE THAT THOSE 1310 00:48:30,861 --> 00:48:32,796 PUBLICATIONS WHERE YOU'RE NOT 1311 00:48:32,796 --> 00:48:34,331 THE FIRST AUTHOR REALLY COUNT 1312 00:48:34,331 --> 00:48:36,166 TOWARDS YOUR PROMOTION. 1313 00:48:36,166 --> 00:48:37,468 THAT'S ONE OF THE THINGS I FOUND 1314 00:48:37,468 --> 00:48:38,469 IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE. 1315 00:48:38,469 --> 00:48:43,440 THE MORE WE ALL DO THAT AND OUR 1316 00:48:43,440 --> 00:48:45,008 INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATIONS AND 1317 00:48:45,008 --> 00:48:46,510 COMMUNICATE THAT ACROSS 1318 00:48:46,510 --> 00:48:47,678 ORGANIZATIONS IT HELPS THE NEXT 1319 00:48:47,678 --> 00:48:49,580 PLACE BECAUSE THE NEXT PLACE CAN 1320 00:48:49,580 --> 00:48:51,415 SAY WELL, AT UNIVERSITY X, THIS 1321 00:48:51,415 --> 00:48:53,016 IS IS HOW THEY'RE ADDRESSING 1322 00:48:53,016 --> 00:48:53,484 PROMOTION. 1323 00:48:53,484 --> 00:48:55,152 NOBODY WANTS TO BE TOO FAR 1324 00:48:55,152 --> 00:48:56,687 AFIELD FROM ANY OTHER 1325 00:48:56,687 --> 00:48:59,790 ORGANIZATION WHEN THEY REWRITE 1326 00:48:59,790 --> 00:49:01,158 THEIR PROMOTION CRITERIA BUT I 1327 00:49:01,158 --> 00:49:02,593 DO FEEL AS INDIVIDUAL 1328 00:49:02,593 --> 00:49:03,460 ORGANIZATION S HAVE WRITTEN 1329 00:49:03,460 --> 00:49:04,561 ABOUT THIS AND TALKED ABOUT IT 1330 00:49:04,561 --> 00:49:07,064 AND DONE IT, IT'S ALLOWED 1331 00:49:07,064 --> 00:49:09,233 ORGANIZATIONS TO MOVE FORWARD 1332 00:49:09,233 --> 00:49:10,567 WITH THOSE CHANGES WHICH I THINK 1333 00:49:10,567 --> 00:49:13,404 ARE REALLY IMPORTANT TO ENSURE 1334 00:49:13,404 --> 00:49:14,605 EVERYBODY'S FELLOWSHIP IS 1335 00:49:14,605 --> 00:49:15,139 IDENTIFIED AND RECOGNIZED. 1336 00:49:15,139 --> 00:49:18,142 >> THANK YOU. 1337 00:49:18,142 --> 00:49:20,744 >> GOOD MORNING. 1338 00:49:20,744 --> 00:49:24,915 I'M CHARITY WATKINS REPRESENTING 1339 00:49:24,915 --> 00:49:27,217 DUKE BIRCWH AND HBCU BASED IN 1340 00:49:27,217 --> 00:49:29,253 DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA. 1341 00:49:29,253 --> 00:49:31,555 FIRST, THANK YOU FOR THE BROADER 1342 00:49:31,555 --> 00:49:33,724 DISCUSSION ON TEAM WORK THAT 1343 00:49:33,724 --> 00:49:35,092 EXPANDS BEYOND THE PROFESSIONAL 1344 00:49:35,092 --> 00:49:38,061 REALM BUT ALSO THINKING ABOUT 1345 00:49:38,061 --> 00:49:39,029 WHAT HAPPENS AT HOME AND HOW 1346 00:49:39,029 --> 00:49:40,831 FOLKS AT HOME CAN BE ON THE TEAM 1347 00:49:40,831 --> 00:49:41,398 AS WELL. 1348 00:49:41,398 --> 00:49:43,767 I WAS WONDERING IF YOU COULD 1349 00:49:43,767 --> 00:49:46,904 SPEAK A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT 1350 00:49:46,904 --> 00:49:50,441 HOW TO FORM TEAMS WHILE 1351 00:49:50,441 --> 00:49:51,108 NAVIGATING STRUCTURAL INEQUITIES 1352 00:49:51,108 --> 00:49:53,610 AND HOW OUR ARE WE ABLE TO 1353 00:49:53,610 --> 00:49:55,712 DEVELOP TEAMS THAT ARE EQUITABLE 1354 00:49:55,712 --> 00:49:59,149 WHEN WE MAY BE ENTERING THOSE 1355 00:49:59,149 --> 00:50:01,919 SPACES WITH INEQUITIES WHETHER 1356 00:50:01,919 --> 00:50:03,821 IT'S FINANCIAL RESOURCES, OTHER 1357 00:50:03,821 --> 00:50:07,324 RESOURCES, HOW DO WE DO THAT IN 1358 00:50:07,324 --> 00:50:09,293 A WAY THAT DOESN'T, I GUESS 1359 00:50:09,293 --> 00:50:11,962 PRODUCE EVEN MORE INEQUITIES. 1360 00:50:11,962 --> 00:50:14,565 >> I THINK YOUR QUESTION IS A 1361 00:50:14,565 --> 00:50:16,233 REALLY GOOD ONE BECAUSE THERE'S 1362 00:50:16,233 --> 00:50:18,869 SO MUCH DATA TO SHOW THAT EVERY 1363 00:50:18,869 --> 00:50:20,871 TIME WE COME UP WITH AN 1364 00:50:20,871 --> 00:50:22,806 INNOVATION IT OFTEN HAS THE 1365 00:50:22,806 --> 00:50:24,508 CONSEQUENCE OF INCREASING 1366 00:50:24,508 --> 00:50:25,909 INEQUITIES RATHER THAN REDUCING 1367 00:50:25,909 --> 00:50:31,048 THEM EVEN WITHIN THE PATIENT 1368 00:50:31,048 --> 00:50:34,084 NAVIGATION WORLD THIS AN 1369 00:50:34,084 --> 00:50:35,552 INTERVENTION WE USED TO ADDRESS 1370 00:50:35,552 --> 00:50:36,286 UNDER RESOURCED COMMUNITIES. 1371 00:50:36,286 --> 00:50:39,022 IN MANY PLACES IT'S BEING USED 1372 00:50:39,022 --> 00:50:42,860 AS A MECHANISM TO SUPPORT VIP 1373 00:50:42,860 --> 00:50:45,162 PATIENTS OR TO SUPPORT PATIENTS 1374 00:50:45,162 --> 00:50:49,366 IN ORDER TO ATTRACT PATIENTS TO 1375 00:50:49,366 --> 00:50:50,467 ORGANIZATIONS WHOSE INSURANCE IS 1376 00:50:50,467 --> 00:50:51,335 GOOD. 1377 00:50:51,335 --> 00:50:53,203 OFTEN TIMES IT'S HAD THE 1378 00:50:53,203 --> 00:50:55,138 UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF 1379 00:50:55,138 --> 00:50:56,507 INCREASING DISPARITIES. 1380 00:50:56,507 --> 00:50:58,242 SIMILARLY WITHIN WE THINK OF OUR 1381 00:50:58,242 --> 00:51:01,712 ORGANIZATIONS OF DEVELOPING 1382 00:51:01,712 --> 00:51:03,280 RESOURCES FOR SUPPORTING EARLY 1383 00:51:03,280 --> 00:51:05,482 INVESTIGATORS I THINK THINKING 1384 00:51:05,482 --> 00:51:08,185 ABOUT HOW WE DO IT SO THAT WE 1385 00:51:08,185 --> 00:51:11,455 PROVIDE THOSE RESOURCES FOR 1386 00:51:11,455 --> 00:51:18,762 THOSE WHO MAYBE HAVE INCREASED 1387 00:51:18,762 --> 00:51:19,429 SOCIAL DISADVANTAGE. 1388 00:51:19,429 --> 00:51:20,998 PART IS MINDFULNESS AND PART IS 1389 00:51:20,998 --> 00:51:22,399 MAKING SURE EVERYBODY'S AT THE 1390 00:51:22,399 --> 00:51:24,167 TABLE THAT NEEDS TO BE AT THE 1391 00:51:24,167 --> 00:51:29,940 TABLE SO WE MAKE SURE EVERYBODY 1392 00:51:29,940 --> 00:51:30,707 THAT EQUITY. 1393 00:51:30,707 --> 00:51:33,544 I'M NOT SURE THAT ADDRESSES WHAT 1394 00:51:33,544 --> 00:51:38,181 YOU WERE ADDRESSING. 1395 00:51:38,181 --> 00:51:46,490 >> HI, KAREN. 1396 00:51:46,490 --> 00:51:47,224 I'M SORRY. 1397 00:51:47,224 --> 00:51:47,491 THANK YOU. 1398 00:51:47,491 --> 00:51:51,028 I WONDER IF YOU HAVE TIPS IN 1399 00:51:51,028 --> 00:51:54,197 NAVIGATING INEQUITIES ACROSS 1400 00:51:54,197 --> 00:51:55,399 UNIVERSITIES AND ADDRESSING 1401 00:51:55,399 --> 00:51:56,967 COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITY-BASED 1402 00:51:56,967 --> 00:51:57,901 ORGANIZATIONS. 1403 00:51:57,901 --> 00:52:00,871 HOW DO WE MAKE SURE WE DON'T 1404 00:52:00,871 --> 00:52:11,315 CAUSE MORE HARM THAN GOOD. 1405 00:52:14,184 --> 00:52:18,855 >> THEY SEE WHERE WE'RE COMING 1406 00:52:18,855 --> 00:52:20,857 FROM AND YOU GO TO WORK WITH A 1407 00:52:20,857 --> 00:52:21,959 COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION THEY SEE 1408 00:52:21,959 --> 00:52:23,894 YOU AS PART OF A BIG MONOLITH 1409 00:52:23,894 --> 00:52:25,829 WHAT HAS MORE MONEY THAN THEY DO 1410 00:52:25,829 --> 00:52:27,497 AND MORE RESOURCES THAN THEY DO. 1411 00:52:27,497 --> 00:52:28,966 WE TRIED VERY HARD WHEN WE 1412 00:52:28,966 --> 00:52:29,466 WORKED WITH COMMUNITY 1413 00:52:29,466 --> 00:52:30,867 ORGANIZATIONS TO MAKE SURE THAT 1414 00:52:30,867 --> 00:52:33,203 WE PAY THEM FOR THEIR TIME 1415 00:52:33,203 --> 00:52:35,539 OPPOSED TO EXPECTING IT TO BE 1416 00:52:35,539 --> 00:52:36,039 VOLUNTEER WORK. 1417 00:52:36,039 --> 00:52:39,910 AND THAT HAS AND PUTTING THAT 1418 00:52:39,910 --> 00:52:41,878 INTO OUR GRANTS BUT THERE'S SUCH 1419 00:52:41,878 --> 00:52:44,047 A BIG INEQUITY IN TERMS OF THE 1420 00:52:44,047 --> 00:52:44,514 RESOURCES COMMUNITY 1421 00:52:44,514 --> 00:52:45,482 ORGANIZATIONS HAVE. 1422 00:52:45,482 --> 00:52:47,284 AT THE SAME TIME WE'RE NOW 1423 00:52:47,284 --> 00:52:49,052 FOCUSSED MORE AND MORE ON 1424 00:52:49,052 --> 00:52:50,387 SCREENING FOR SOCIAL NEEDS ALL 1425 00:52:50,387 --> 00:52:51,655 MEDICARE IS NOW GOING TO BE 1426 00:52:51,655 --> 00:52:53,123 PAYING US TO SCREEN FOR SOCIAL 1427 00:52:53,123 --> 00:52:54,224 NEEDS WITH THE EXPECTATION WE'RE 1428 00:52:54,224 --> 00:52:56,026 GOING TO TURN TO THOSE COMMUNITY 1429 00:52:56,026 --> 00:52:59,896 PARTNERS TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR 1430 00:52:59,896 --> 00:53:00,163 PATIENTS. 1431 00:53:00,163 --> 00:53:00,864 THERE'S SOME REAL NEEDS TO 1432 00:53:00,864 --> 00:53:10,941 ADDRESS THAT. 1433 00:53:10,941 --> 00:53:14,478 >> ONE OF THE CO-P.I.s OF THE 1434 00:53:14,478 --> 00:53:15,846 BIRCWH PROGRAM UNIVERSITY SAN 1435 00:53:15,846 --> 00:53:17,381 FRANCISCO AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR 1436 00:53:17,381 --> 00:53:20,917 WISE LESSONS AND INSIGHT AND 1437 00:53:20,917 --> 00:53:23,654 WISDOM AS WELL AS YOUR STELLAR 1438 00:53:23,654 --> 00:53:26,857 CAREER IN WOMEN'S HEALTH OVER 1439 00:53:26,857 --> 00:53:27,090 DECADES. 1440 00:53:27,090 --> 00:53:29,026 MY QUESTION IS AROUND 1441 00:53:29,026 --> 00:53:29,993 DISSEMINATION AND DIFFUSION OF 1442 00:53:29,993 --> 00:53:32,329 YOUR RESEARCH INTO POLICY AND 1443 00:53:32,329 --> 00:53:33,063 WHETHER YOU HAVE SPENT SOME 1444 00:53:33,063 --> 00:53:43,507 TIME, ENERGY, ETCETERA IN 1445 00:53:47,110 --> 00:53:49,613 ASSURING IT MAKES STRUCTURAL S 1446 00:53:49,613 --> 00:53:53,717 AND REGULATORY AND STRUCTURAL 1447 00:53:53,717 --> 00:53:53,950 RACISM. 1448 00:53:53,950 --> 00:53:54,951 >> CLAIRE, NICE TO SEE YOU IN 1449 00:53:54,951 --> 00:53:56,219 PERSON AND THANKS FOR THE 1450 00:53:56,219 --> 00:53:57,120 QUESTION. 1451 00:53:57,120 --> 00:53:58,188 I'LL USE THE EXAMPLE OF PATIENT 1452 00:53:58,188 --> 00:54:00,390 NAVIGATION AND TRYING TO FIGURE 1453 00:54:00,390 --> 00:54:01,858 OUT HOW TO PUT THIS INTO POLICY. 1454 00:54:01,858 --> 00:54:03,760 IT'S BEEN ONE OF THE BIGGER 1455 00:54:03,760 --> 00:54:04,227 CHALLENGES. 1456 00:54:04,227 --> 00:54:06,763 IF WE WERE DOING A RANDOMIZED 1457 00:54:06,763 --> 00:54:09,599 TRIAL AND RED BILL VERSUS BLUE 1458 00:54:09,599 --> 00:54:10,901 PILL AND THE RED PILL TURNED OUT 1459 00:54:10,901 --> 00:54:12,502 TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE THERE'S A 1460 00:54:12,502 --> 00:54:14,104 WHOLE MECHANISM FOR SOMEBODY TO 1461 00:54:14,104 --> 00:54:18,775 MAKE THE RED PILL TO GO TO THE 1462 00:54:18,775 --> 00:54:22,345 FDA AND GET THE RED PILL 1463 00:54:22,345 --> 00:54:23,914 APPROVED AND GET CMS TO PAY FOR 1464 00:54:23,914 --> 00:54:25,182 IT AND A STRUCTURE WHEN IT COMES 1465 00:54:25,182 --> 00:54:28,552 TO DEVICES AND DRUGS BUT DON'T 1466 00:54:28,552 --> 00:54:29,886 HAVE THAT SAME STRUCTURE WHEN IT 1467 00:54:29,886 --> 00:54:32,589 COMES TO INTERVENTIONS THAT HAVE 1468 00:54:32,589 --> 00:54:34,357 BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS OR 1469 00:54:34,357 --> 00:54:35,992 INTERVENTIONS THAT RESULT OR 1470 00:54:35,992 --> 00:54:36,893 REQUIRE A CHANGE IN HOW WE 1471 00:54:36,893 --> 00:54:40,564 DELIVER CARE. 1472 00:54:40,564 --> 00:54:43,667 SO IN FACT WHEN THE NCI FUNDED 1473 00:54:43,667 --> 00:54:46,336 THE PATIENT NAVIGATION RESEARCH 1474 00:54:46,336 --> 00:54:49,773 PROGRAM THE NCI SAID HE WAS 1475 00:54:49,773 --> 00:54:51,641 WORRIED ABOUT FUNDING THIS 1476 00:54:51,641 --> 00:54:53,009 BECAUSE COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS 1477 00:54:53,009 --> 00:54:54,578 WERE GOING TO EXPECT THE NCI TO 1478 00:54:54,578 --> 00:54:55,846 PAY FOR PATIENT NAVIGATORS WHICH 1479 00:54:55,846 --> 00:54:57,948 IS AN INTERESTING COMMENT TO 1480 00:54:57,948 --> 00:54:59,683 MAKE BECAUSE THE NC I WOULD SAY 1481 00:54:59,683 --> 00:55:01,251 WE DON'T WANT TO STUDY THE DRUG 1482 00:55:01,251 --> 00:55:02,786 BECAUSE IF IT WORKS WE'LL EXPECT 1483 00:55:02,786 --> 00:55:08,959 THE NCI TO PAY FOR THE DRUG. 1484 00:55:08,959 --> 00:55:10,093 THAT WAS THE DILEMMA. 1485 00:55:10,093 --> 00:55:12,662 AND SO FOR THE LAST DECADE 1486 00:55:12,662 --> 00:55:14,197 THERE'S BEEN GROUP NATIONALLY 1487 00:55:14,197 --> 00:55:17,033 THAT'S BEEN TRYING TO THINK HOW 1488 00:55:17,033 --> 00:55:20,036 WE GET THIS TO THE RIGHT 1489 00:55:20,036 --> 00:55:20,370 STAKEHOLDERS. 1490 00:55:20,370 --> 00:55:27,010 ONE THING WORKING IN 1491 00:55:27,010 --> 00:55:28,178 MASSACHUSETTS WE'VE BEEN 1492 00:55:28,178 --> 00:55:29,579 FORTUNATE THE LOCAL CANCER 1493 00:55:29,579 --> 00:55:32,482 SOCIETY HAS DECIDED TO DO ALL 1494 00:55:32,482 --> 00:55:34,184 THEIR WORK WITH LEGISLATIVE 1495 00:55:34,184 --> 00:55:36,887 STAKEHOLDER AROUND PATIENT 1496 00:55:36,887 --> 00:55:37,754 NAVIGATION AND HELPED US BRING 1497 00:55:37,754 --> 00:55:40,090 THE PAYERS TO THE TABLE AS WELL 1498 00:55:40,090 --> 00:55:41,491 AS BRING LEGISLATORS TOE THE 1499 00:55:41,491 --> 00:55:47,030 TABLE TO THINK HOW DO WE CHANGE 1500 00:55:47,030 --> 00:55:52,536 POLICY SO THIS TYPE OF WORK IS 1501 00:55:52,536 --> 00:55:53,603 COVERED AS HEALTH CARE BENEFITS. 1502 00:55:53,603 --> 00:55:55,972 WE'RE STARTING TO SEE IMPACT IN 1503 00:55:55,972 --> 00:55:58,475 TERMS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS 1504 00:55:58,475 --> 00:56:00,644 MEDICAID WAIVER CURRENTLY HAS 1505 00:56:00,644 --> 00:56:02,379 GOT THINGS IN PLACE THAT PAY FOR 1506 00:56:02,379 --> 00:56:05,348 THE KINDS OF STRUCTURES WITHIN 1507 00:56:05,348 --> 00:56:05,682 PRACTICES. 1508 00:56:05,682 --> 00:56:08,185 SO THAT'S THE TACTIC WE'VE BEEN 1509 00:56:08,185 --> 00:56:09,352 USING BUT IT'S REALLY. 1510 00:56:09,352 --> 00:56:11,054 THAT PART IS REALLY UNFUNDED 1511 00:56:11,054 --> 00:56:12,155 WORK. 1512 00:56:12,155 --> 00:56:13,824 BECAUSE IT DOESN'T FIT INTO PART 1513 00:56:13,824 --> 00:56:15,425 OF A GRANT. 1514 00:56:15,425 --> 00:56:18,662 IT'S WORK WE DO LONG AFTER THE 1515 00:56:18,662 --> 00:56:20,030 PARTICULAR GRANT IS OVER BUT 1516 00:56:20,030 --> 00:56:22,666 IT'S PART OF THAT ADVOCACY WORK 1517 00:56:22,666 --> 00:56:24,167 THAT'S REALLY BEEN CRITICAL. 1518 00:56:24,167 --> 00:56:26,603 I THINK THIS IS WHERE SOME OF 1519 00:56:26,603 --> 00:56:29,039 THE FOUNDATIONS AND COMMUNITY 1520 00:56:29,039 --> 00:56:31,007 GROUPS HAVE BEEN HELPFUL AND 1521 00:56:31,007 --> 00:56:41,218 SUPPORTIVE. 1522 00:56:42,319 --> 00:56:43,820 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT BEAUTIFUL 1523 00:56:43,820 --> 00:56:44,221 TALK. 1524 00:56:44,221 --> 00:56:46,857 I'M FROM THE ORWH. 1525 00:56:46,857 --> 00:56:48,692 I WANT TO FOLLOW-UP ON A 1526 00:56:48,692 --> 00:56:50,393 QUESTION ON BEING PART OF A 1527 00:56:50,393 --> 00:56:50,660 TEAM. 1528 00:56:50,660 --> 00:56:53,330 AND YOU MENTIONED ABOUT 1529 00:56:53,330 --> 00:56:54,664 PUBLICATION AND THE MIDDLE 1530 00:56:54,664 --> 00:56:55,732 AUTHOR BEING RECOGNIZED AS WELL. 1531 00:56:55,732 --> 00:57:01,338 HOW DO YOU PROPOSE TO DO THAT 1532 00:57:01,338 --> 00:57:02,272 FOR SAY RECOGNITIONS? 1533 00:57:02,272 --> 00:57:04,274 YOU MENTIONED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 1534 00:57:04,274 --> 00:57:06,576 PROMOTION BUT NORMALLY IF YOU 1535 00:57:06,576 --> 00:57:10,881 GET AN AWARD AS A MEMBER OF A 1536 00:57:10,881 --> 00:57:12,916 TEAM DOESN'T SEEM QUITE AS 1537 00:57:12,916 --> 00:57:15,018 PRESTIGIOUS AS IF WERE AN 1538 00:57:15,018 --> 00:57:16,253 INDIVIDUAL AWARD BUT IF YOU 1539 00:57:16,253 --> 00:57:18,054 PROPOSE TEAM WORK AND 1540 00:57:18,054 --> 00:57:19,089 COLLABORATION, HOW WOULD YOU 1541 00:57:19,089 --> 00:57:24,461 LIKE TO ADDRESS THAT KIND OF 1542 00:57:24,461 --> 00:57:26,830 SUBRECOGNITION, SO TO SPEAK? 1543 00:57:26,830 --> 00:57:30,300 >> I THINK WHEN THE NIH ALLOWED 1544 00:57:30,300 --> 00:57:31,968 FOR MULTI-P.I.s THAT WAS HUGE. 1545 00:57:31,968 --> 00:57:36,206 THERE WAS ALWAYS THE P.I. AND 1546 00:57:36,206 --> 00:57:37,774 CO-P.I. AND THE THEY NEVER 1547 00:57:37,774 --> 00:57:40,143 SHOWED UP ON REPORTER AND NEVER 1548 00:57:40,143 --> 00:57:42,913 GOT TO STATE THAT. 1549 00:57:42,913 --> 00:57:45,649 I THINK THE MULTI-P.I. 1550 00:57:45,649 --> 00:57:48,885 DESIGNATION HAS BEEN REALLY KEY 1551 00:57:48,885 --> 00:57:51,721 AND ALLOWED A LOT OF INDIVIDUALS 1552 00:57:51,721 --> 00:57:54,024 TO REALLY GET THAT RECOGNITION. 1553 00:57:54,024 --> 00:57:57,260 WHEN WE DID THE PATIENT 1554 00:57:57,260 --> 00:57:57,994 NAVIGATION RESEARCH PROGRAM IT 1555 00:57:57,994 --> 00:57:58,895 WAS INTERESTING. 1556 00:57:58,895 --> 00:58:02,132 MANY OF THE SITES IN FACT MOST 1557 00:58:02,132 --> 00:58:06,102 THE SITES THAT HAD MALE P.I.s 1558 00:58:06,102 --> 00:58:08,238 HAD FEMALE CO-P.I.s BEFORE THE 1559 00:58:08,238 --> 00:58:09,039 DESIGNATION AND YOU CAN GUESS 1560 00:58:09,039 --> 00:58:17,113 WHO WAS DOING MOST THE WORK. 1561 00:58:17,113 --> 00:58:18,915 THAT'S BEEN ONE THING THAT'S 1562 00:58:18,915 --> 00:58:21,985 BEEN HELPFUL AND HAVING 1563 00:58:21,985 --> 00:58:22,619 PROMOTION COMMITTEES RECOGNIZE 1564 00:58:22,619 --> 00:58:24,120 BEING A COLLABORATOR ON A GRANT 1565 00:58:24,120 --> 00:58:26,189 OPPOSED TO A P.I. ON A GRANT 1566 00:58:26,189 --> 00:58:28,024 DEPENDING ON WHAT ROLE YOU PLAY 1567 00:58:28,024 --> 00:58:30,327 IS CRITICALLY HELPFUL. 1568 00:58:30,327 --> 00:58:33,530 MOST METHODOLOGISTS WILL USUALLY 1569 00:58:33,530 --> 00:58:36,433 NOT BE THE P.I.s OF THE AWARDS 1570 00:58:36,433 --> 00:58:38,902 UNLESS THEY'RE DEVELOPING SOME 1571 00:58:38,902 --> 00:58:40,070 INNOVATION IN METHODOLOGY AND 1572 00:58:40,070 --> 00:58:43,173 YET WE CAN'T DO THE WORK WITHOUT 1573 00:58:43,173 --> 00:58:46,209 THAT GROUP. 1574 00:58:46,209 --> 00:58:48,979 >> MY NAME IS BETHANY I'M ONE OF 1575 00:58:48,979 --> 00:58:50,113 THE BIRCWH SCHOLARS. 1576 00:58:50,113 --> 00:58:51,147 THANK YOU FOR A GREAT TALK. 1577 00:58:51,147 --> 00:58:53,550 YOU USED ONE OF MY FAVORITE 1578 00:58:53,550 --> 00:58:54,684 WORDS, ADVOCACY. 1579 00:58:54,684 --> 00:58:56,586 WHICH I FEEL LIKE IS AN 1580 00:58:56,586 --> 00:59:00,423 ESSENTIAL PART OF DOING WORK IN 1581 00:59:00,423 --> 00:59:02,225 WOMEN'S HEALTH BECAUSE THERE'S 1582 00:59:02,225 --> 00:59:03,193 NEVER ENOUGH RESOURCES AS PEOPLE 1583 00:59:03,193 --> 00:59:09,666 EARLY IN OUR CAREER, DO YOU HAVE 1584 00:59:09,666 --> 00:59:11,201 TIPS HOW TO HAVE ADVOCACY IN OUR 1585 00:59:11,201 --> 00:59:12,936 WORK IN A PRACTICAL WAY. 1586 00:59:12,936 --> 00:59:16,606 >> IT'S A GREAT QUESTION HOW YOU 1587 00:59:16,606 --> 00:59:18,375 INCREASE ADVOCACY IN YOUR WORK. 1588 00:59:18,375 --> 00:59:22,112 ONE OF THE CHALLENGES WORKING 1589 00:59:22,112 --> 00:59:22,779 WITH COMMUNITIES, DOING ADVOCACY 1590 00:59:22,779 --> 00:59:24,914 WITH COMMUNITIES, THE WORK TAKES 1591 00:59:24,914 --> 00:59:29,119 LONGER TO DO AND I ALWAYS WORRY 1592 00:59:29,119 --> 00:59:33,723 A LITTLE BIT WITH EARLY CAREER 1593 00:59:33,723 --> 00:59:35,058 INVESTIGATORS THAT THE 1594 00:59:35,058 --> 00:59:36,860 TRAJECTORY OF GETTING WORK 1595 00:59:36,860 --> 00:59:38,962 PUBLISHED CAN HAPPEN MORE 1596 00:59:38,962 --> 00:59:39,229 SLOWLY. 1597 00:59:39,229 --> 00:59:41,765 ONE THING WE DID THAT WAS 1598 00:59:41,765 --> 00:59:44,067 EFFECTIVE WITH THE MOST RECENT 1599 00:59:44,067 --> 00:59:47,871 PROJECT WE KNEW WOULDN'T GET 1600 00:59:47,871 --> 00:59:52,175 OUTCOMES FOR FIVE YEARS IS WHAT 1601 00:59:52,175 --> 00:59:52,909 ARE INTERMEDIATE STEPS AND WHO 1602 00:59:52,909 --> 00:59:57,647 ON OUR TEAM WERE THE EARLY 1603 00:59:57,647 --> 00:59:59,616 CAREER PEOPLE WE COULD ASK TO 1604 00:59:59,616 --> 01:00:01,184 WRITE THE EARLIER PAPERS AND 1605 01:00:01,184 --> 01:00:06,189 SOME WEREN'T EVEN ON HOW YOU 1606 01:00:06,189 --> 01:00:07,190 ENGAGE THE COMMUNITY. 1607 01:00:07,190 --> 01:00:10,660 THERE'S A LOT OF INTEREST IN 1608 01:00:10,660 --> 01:00:12,929 JOURNALS IN HAVING STRUCTURED 1609 01:00:12,929 --> 01:00:15,065 PUBLICATIONS ESPECIALLY AROUND 1610 01:00:15,065 --> 01:00:20,503 THOSE STEPS AND IMPLEMENTATION 1611 01:00:20,503 --> 01:00:20,737 SCIENCE. 1612 01:00:20,737 --> 01:00:26,176 I THINK AND MAKING SURE YOU HAVE 1613 01:00:26,176 --> 01:00:30,113 TWO OR THREE OTHER PAPERS IN THE 1614 01:00:30,113 --> 01:00:32,916 PIPELINE TO THINK OF HOW OR WHY 1615 01:00:32,916 --> 01:00:35,452 YOU'RE DESCRIBING THE WORK WITH 1616 01:00:35,452 --> 01:00:36,920 METRICS ON THE PROCESSES YOU'RE 1617 01:00:36,920 --> 01:00:43,293 USING. 1618 01:00:43,293 --> 01:00:45,361 >> I'M A BIRCWH SCHOLAR FROM THE 1619 01:00:45,361 --> 01:00:46,496 TULANE PROGRAM AND THANK YOU FOR 1620 01:00:46,496 --> 01:00:47,931 YOUR WORK AND THE WORDS ABOUT 1621 01:00:47,931 --> 01:00:48,465 FAMILY LEAVE. 1622 01:00:48,465 --> 01:00:51,434 I WANTED TO ASK YOU WHAT YOU 1623 01:00:51,434 --> 01:00:53,236 THOUGHT WE AS BIRCWH SCHOLARS 1624 01:00:53,236 --> 01:00:55,672 AND SCHOLARS OF WOMEN'S HEALTH 1625 01:00:55,672 --> 01:00:58,041 AND SEX DIFFERENCES CAN DO TO 1626 01:00:58,041 --> 01:01:00,643 HELP IMPROVE AT THE EDUCATIONAL 1627 01:01:00,643 --> 01:01:03,046 LEVEL SO CLINICAL TRAINING AND 1628 01:01:03,046 --> 01:01:04,714 MEDICAL RESIDENCY AND EVEN 1629 01:01:04,714 --> 01:01:08,351 UNDERGRAD AS SOME OF US MAY BE 1630 01:01:08,351 --> 01:01:10,553 TEACHING TO IMPROVE THE WAY WE 1631 01:01:10,553 --> 01:01:11,154 UNDERSTAND SOCIAL NEEDS AND 1632 01:01:11,154 --> 01:01:15,925 STRUCTURAL FACTORS. 1633 01:01:15,925 --> 01:01:19,996 THINKING ABOUT THE FACT THE 1634 01:01:19,996 --> 01:01:22,565 LIAISON COMMUNITY ON MEDICAL 1635 01:01:22,565 --> 01:01:23,800 EDUCATION LISTED CULTURAL 1636 01:01:23,800 --> 01:01:26,836 COMPETENCY AND PART OF A WORKING 1637 01:01:26,836 --> 01:01:29,372 GROUP CALLED STRUCTURAL 1638 01:01:29,372 --> 01:01:30,306 COMPETENCY WORKING GROUP 1639 01:01:30,306 --> 01:01:32,308 TRAINING FOLKS FOR 10 YEARS IN 1640 01:01:32,308 --> 01:01:34,144 THE FRAMEWORK OF STRUCTURAL 1641 01:01:34,144 --> 01:01:34,544 COMPETENCY. 1642 01:01:34,544 --> 01:01:42,018 NOW THERE MAY BE MORE CALLS FOR 1643 01:01:42,018 --> 01:01:43,419 STRUCTURAL COMPETENCY WHICH 1644 01:01:43,419 --> 01:01:49,025 BUILDS ON OTHER COMPETENCY TO BE 1645 01:01:49,025 --> 01:01:51,995 BUILD ON TRAINING AND THINK HOW 1646 01:01:51,995 --> 01:01:53,496 FROM YOUR PERSPECTIVE WE COULD 1647 01:01:53,496 --> 01:01:56,466 EDUCATE CLINICIANS, CLINICIAN 1648 01:01:56,466 --> 01:01:58,768 RESEARCHERS BETTER ON THE SOCIAL 1649 01:01:58,768 --> 01:02:02,939 AND STRUCTURAL DETERMINATES OF 1650 01:02:02,939 --> 01:02:03,339 HATH. 1651 01:02:03,339 --> 01:02:06,009 >> ONE OF THE CHALLENGES I FOUND 1652 01:02:06,009 --> 01:02:08,645 WITH NEW AREAS WHETHER IT'S 1653 01:02:08,645 --> 01:02:10,547 ADVOCACY OR TRAINING ON 1654 01:02:10,547 --> 01:02:11,681 STRUCTURAL NEEDS OR SOCIAL NEEDS 1655 01:02:11,681 --> 01:02:13,283 IS THE INDIVIDUALS WHO TYPICALLY 1656 01:02:13,283 --> 01:02:16,419 ARE THE TRAINERS THEMSELVES MAY 1657 01:02:16,419 --> 01:02:18,922 NOT HAVE THE EXPERTISE AND 1658 01:02:18,922 --> 01:02:21,057 KNOWLEDGE TO DO THE TRAINING. 1659 01:02:21,057 --> 01:02:23,927 THEN WE'VE SEEN THIS IN MULTIPLE 1660 01:02:23,927 --> 01:02:26,296 AREAS WHERE OUR MEDICAL STUDENT 1661 01:02:26,296 --> 01:02:28,131 ARE ASKING FOR MORE EDUCATION ON 1662 01:02:28,131 --> 01:02:32,235 A NUMBER OF AREAS AND WE AS THE 1663 01:02:32,235 --> 01:02:33,770 EDUCATORS ARE SAYING THAT'S A 1664 01:02:33,770 --> 01:02:34,304 GREAT IDEA. 1665 01:02:34,304 --> 01:02:36,606 WE SHOULD LEARN ABOUT THAT 1666 01:02:36,606 --> 01:02:37,006 OURSELVES. 1667 01:02:37,006 --> 01:02:42,879 PART OF WHAT HAS BEEN HELPFUL IN 1668 01:02:42,879 --> 01:02:47,483 OTHER AREAS IB HOW WE THINK OF A 1669 01:02:47,483 --> 01:02:50,620 GROUP OF EARLY EDUCATORS WITH 1670 01:02:50,620 --> 01:02:52,088 THE EARLY EXPERTISE BE ELEVATED 1671 01:02:52,088 --> 01:02:54,157 TO BE THE LEADERS IN TERMS OF 1672 01:02:54,157 --> 01:02:57,160 DEVELOPING THE CURRICULUM AND 1673 01:02:57,160 --> 01:02:59,829 WITH ANY CURRICULUM FIGURING OUT 1674 01:02:59,829 --> 01:03:01,030 WHERE IN THE EXISTING CURRICULUM 1675 01:03:01,030 --> 01:03:03,933 YOU CAN TIE THAT IN BECAUSE IT 1676 01:03:03,933 --> 01:03:05,668 DOESN'T MATTER WHO'S EDUCATIONAL 1677 01:03:05,668 --> 01:03:06,936 PROGRAM THERE IS THEY WILL 1678 01:03:06,936 --> 01:03:10,440 ALWAYS TELL YOU THERE'S NO MORE 1679 01:03:10,440 --> 01:03:11,874 TIME TO ADD NEW ELEMENT. 1680 01:03:11,874 --> 01:03:15,011 THINKING HOW THAT GETS EMBEDDED 1681 01:03:15,011 --> 01:03:23,052 INTO CURRENT ELEMENTS SO IT'S 1682 01:03:23,052 --> 01:03:24,420 NOT SEEN AS A MANDATE BUT 1683 01:03:24,420 --> 01:03:25,154 TEACHING IN A MORE SYSTEMATIC 1684 01:03:25,154 --> 01:03:29,459 WAY. 1685 01:03:29,459 --> 01:03:39,969 THANK YOU AGAIN ALL VERY MUCH. 1686 01:03:52,181 --> 01:03:54,951 >> AS KAREN WAS TALKING, I WAS 1687 01:03:54,951 --> 01:03:59,589 THINKING ABOUT THE ORIGINS. 1688 01:03:59,589 --> 01:04:01,491 THE BIRCWH ANNUAL MEETINGS ARE 1689 01:04:01,491 --> 01:04:04,861 PLEASED TO BE THE HOST FOR THE 1690 01:04:04,861 --> 01:04:06,996 RUTH L. KIRSCHSTEIN MEMORIAL 1691 01:04:06,996 --> 01:04:08,631 LECTURESHIPS AND I THINK SHE 1692 01:04:08,631 --> 01:04:12,602 WOULD BE ESPECIALLY BROWED -- 1693 01:04:12,602 --> 01:04:14,437 PROUD OF TODAY TALKS AND I THINK 1694 01:04:14,437 --> 01:04:16,506 WE HONORED HER. 1695 01:04:16,506 --> 01:04:19,509 MOVING ON TO THE PODIUM SESSION, 1696 01:04:19,509 --> 01:04:27,283 IT'S MY PLEASURE AND CAN WE HAVE 1697 01:04:27,283 --> 01:04:27,784 THE SLIDES. 1698 01:04:27,784 --> 01:04:38,294 THERE'S A NUMBER OF PICTURES. 1699 01:04:42,432 --> 01:04:44,767 I'LL LEAVE THAT FOR A MOMENT. 1700 01:04:44,767 --> 01:04:47,036 WE'RE PLEASED TO SHARE IT'S BEEN 1701 01:04:47,036 --> 01:04:54,677 1 24 PICTURES OF CURRENT 1702 01:04:54,677 --> 01:04:56,079 SCHOLARS AND IMMEDIATE PAST 1703 01:04:56,079 --> 01:04:59,916 SCHOLARS AND SHARING IT TO 1704 01:04:59,916 --> 01:05:00,616 REINFORCE OUR APPRECIATION FOR 1705 01:05:00,616 --> 01:05:04,220 ALL YOUR HARD WORK AND CLEARLY 1706 01:05:04,220 --> 01:05:09,959 YOUR MENTORING TEAMS AND STAFF 1707 01:05:09,959 --> 01:05:20,503 AND SO FORTH THERE'S THREE MORE 1708 01:05:21,704 --> 01:05:23,172 SLIDES THAT HAVE MORE DETAIL BUT 1709 01:05:23,172 --> 01:05:24,607 WE WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE 1710 01:05:24,607 --> 01:05:29,946 PASSION AND DEDICATION FOR ALL 1711 01:05:29,946 --> 01:05:32,815 OF OUR SCHOLARS AND TODAY WE'RE 1712 01:05:32,815 --> 01:05:34,183 CITING FOUR PODIUM TALKS AND 1713 01:05:34,183 --> 01:05:38,054 WANTED TO GIVE YOU ORIENTATION. 1714 01:05:38,054 --> 01:05:41,124 THESE BEGAN IN 2015 AS A WAY TO 1715 01:05:41,124 --> 01:05:43,893 ACKNOWLEDGE WHAT WE WHY THE MOST 1716 01:05:43,893 --> 01:05:45,495 COMPETITIVE ABSTRACTS AND 1717 01:05:45,495 --> 01:05:47,130 POSTERS THAT WERE SUBMITTED. 1718 01:05:47,130 --> 01:05:50,867 TODAY WE HAVE FOUR AND ON YOUR 1719 01:05:50,867 --> 01:05:52,835 PROGRAM IS THE DETAILS. 1720 01:05:52,835 --> 01:05:54,737 WE'RE ASKING EACH OF THE 1721 01:05:54,737 --> 01:05:55,405 PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATORS FROM THE 1722 01:05:55,405 --> 01:05:57,473 PROGRAM TO DO A BRIEF 1723 01:05:57,473 --> 01:05:58,541 INTRODUCTION OF THEIR SCHOLAR 1724 01:05:58,541 --> 01:06:00,977 AND WE FOUND THAT TO BE 1725 01:06:00,977 --> 01:06:01,677 PARTICULARLY EFFECTIVE BECAUSE 1726 01:06:01,677 --> 01:06:05,515 THEY KNOW THEIR SCHOLARS SO 1727 01:06:05,515 --> 01:06:06,149 WELL. 1728 01:06:06,149 --> 01:06:08,951 AFTER THE INTRODUCTION WE'LL ASK 1729 01:06:08,951 --> 01:06:10,553 OUR PHOTOGRAPHER TO TAKE A 1730 01:06:10,553 --> 01:06:11,854 PICTURE OF THE P.I. AND SCHOLAR 1731 01:06:11,854 --> 01:06:13,623 BEHIND THE PODIUM AND THE 1732 01:06:13,623 --> 01:06:17,727 SCHOLAR WILL GIVE HIS OR HER 1733 01:06:17,727 --> 01:06:20,096 TALK AND WE -- FOR 15 MINUTES, 1734 01:06:20,096 --> 01:06:21,731 HOPEFULLY AND FIVE MINUTES FOR 1735 01:06:21,731 --> 01:06:22,165 Q&A. 1736 01:06:22,165 --> 01:06:24,300 SO IT'S GOING TO BE THE FOUR 1737 01:06:24,300 --> 01:06:25,501 SERIES AND THEN WE'LL GO ON 1738 01:06:25,501 --> 01:06:25,701 BREAK. 1739 01:06:25,701 --> 01:06:28,805 I WOULD LIKE TO INVITE 1740 01:06:28,805 --> 01:06:30,873 DR. BERENSON TO COME DOWN TO 1741 01:06:30,873 --> 01:06:35,044 START THE PROCESS FOR THE UTMB 1742 01:06:35,044 --> 01:06:45,188 BIRCWH. 1743 01:06:48,591 --> 01:06:52,495 >> IT'S VERY EXCITING TO BE BACK 1744 01:06:52,495 --> 01:06:54,397 IN PERSON TODAY. 1745 01:06:54,397 --> 01:06:59,101 FROM THE UTMB BIRCWH AND EXCITED 1746 01:06:59,101 --> 01:07:00,970 TO INTRODUCE DR. RICHARDSON. 1747 01:07:00,970 --> 01:07:03,539 THIS IS THE THIRD YEAR IN A ROW 1748 01:07:03,539 --> 01:07:05,675 OUR PROGRAM HAS HAD A PODIUM 1749 01:07:05,675 --> 01:07:09,545 SPEAKER SO WE ARE VERY HONORED 1750 01:07:09,545 --> 01:07:12,448 BY ORWH'S RECOGNITION OF OUR 1751 01:07:12,448 --> 01:07:12,715 PROGRAM. 1752 01:07:12,715 --> 01:07:14,183 DR. LAUREN RICHARDSON IS 1753 01:07:14,183 --> 01:07:17,119 DESERVING OF THIS HONOR. 1754 01:07:17,119 --> 01:07:18,955 SHE'S AN EXCEPTIONAL RESEARCHER 1755 01:07:18,955 --> 01:07:23,826 AND SCHOLAR AND IN THE DIVISION 1756 01:07:23,826 --> 01:07:27,063 OF BASIC AND TRANSLATIONAL 1757 01:07:27,063 --> 01:07:29,065 RESEARCH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 1758 01:07:29,065 --> 01:07:29,899 TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH. 1759 01:07:29,899 --> 01:07:32,502 SHE COMPLETED HER Ph.D. DEGREE 1760 01:07:32,502 --> 01:07:36,138 IN CELL BIOLOGY AND ANATOMY AT 1761 01:07:36,138 --> 01:07:39,041 UTMB IN 2019 WHERE SHE SERVED AS 1762 01:07:39,041 --> 01:07:40,877 THE T32 TRAINEE. 1763 01:07:40,877 --> 01:07:44,180 FOLLOWING THIS, SHE WAS 1764 01:07:44,180 --> 01:07:46,716 RECRUITED TO TEXAS A&M WHERE SHE 1765 01:07:46,716 --> 01:07:48,951 COMPLETED A POST-DOCTORAL 1766 01:07:48,951 --> 01:07:54,957 FELLOWSHIP IN ELECTRICAL 1767 01:07:54,957 --> 01:07:56,926 ENGINEERING AND THIS UNIQUE 1768 01:07:56,926 --> 01:07:58,194 COMBINATION OF TRAINING PLACED 1769 01:07:58,194 --> 01:07:59,929 HER IN A POSITION WHERE SHE 1770 01:07:59,929 --> 01:08:06,802 COULD DO CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH . 1771 01:08:06,802 --> 01:08:08,271 SHE ENTERED THE BIRCWH PROGRAM 1772 01:08:08,271 --> 01:08:10,072 ONE YEAR AFTER JOINING THE 1773 01:08:10,072 --> 01:08:13,743 FACULTY AT UTMB AND AS A BIRCWH 1774 01:08:13,743 --> 01:08:15,511 SCHOLAR HAS WORKED ON 1775 01:08:15,511 --> 01:08:17,413 DEVELOPMENT OF PLACENTA ORGAN ON 1776 01:08:17,413 --> 01:08:22,652 CHIP MODELS TO STUDY HEALTHY AND 1777 01:08:22,652 --> 01:08:28,157 DISEASED STATE OF PREGNANCY AND 1778 01:08:28,157 --> 01:08:35,698 EFFICACY AND DRUG SAFETY. 1779 01:08:35,698 --> 01:08:39,435 IN 2022 SHE RECEIVED A FIVE-YEAR 1780 01:08:39,435 --> 01:08:41,304 RO1 GRANT AND NEW RECIPIENT TO 1781 01:08:41,304 --> 01:08:50,212 CONTINUE HER WORK IN THIS AREA. 1782 01:08:50,212 --> 01:08:52,748 I'M THRILLED TO HEAR WHAT LAUREN 1783 01:08:52,748 --> 01:09:03,225 HAS TO SHARE WITH US TODAY. 1784 01:09:24,647 --> 01:09:26,549 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT GREAT 1785 01:09:26,549 --> 01:09:26,882 INTRODUCTION. 1786 01:09:26,882 --> 01:09:29,652 IT'S REALLY QUITE AN HONOR TO BE 1787 01:09:29,652 --> 01:09:32,888 ABLE TO PRESENT TO YOU ALL 1788 01:09:32,888 --> 01:09:33,089 TODAY. 1789 01:09:33,089 --> 01:09:36,726 I'M GOING TO TELL YOU ABOUT 1790 01:09:36,726 --> 01:09:38,227 MICROFLUIDIC ORGAN ON CHIP 1791 01:09:38,227 --> 01:09:41,964 TECHNOLOGY AND HOW WE CREATED A 1792 01:09:41,964 --> 01:09:46,035 MULTI-ORGAN FETAL MEMBRANE AND 1793 01:09:46,035 --> 01:09:47,036 PLACENTA ORGANOID CHIP TO 1794 01:09:47,036 --> 01:09:50,506 ESTABLISH PHYSIOLOGY AND 1795 01:09:50,506 --> 01:09:52,208 PATHOLOGICAL STATES AND EXCITING 1796 01:09:52,208 --> 01:09:52,708 DRUG TESTING. 1797 01:09:52,708 --> 01:09:53,976 TO SET THE STAGE WE'LL TALK 1798 01:09:53,976 --> 01:09:56,812 ABOUT THE PREGNANCY TIME LINE. 1799 01:09:56,812 --> 01:10:00,516 THROUGHOUT GESTATION, MULTIPLE 1800 01:10:00,516 --> 01:10:01,751 INTRAUTERINE ORGANS PROTECT AND 1801 01:10:01,751 --> 01:10:04,687 SUPPORT THE DEVELOPING FETUS. 1802 01:10:04,687 --> 01:10:07,056 CLOSER TO 40 WEEKS GESTATION 1803 01:10:07,056 --> 01:10:11,794 WHICH IS CALLED TERM IS WHEN 1804 01:10:11,794 --> 01:10:13,462 MATERNAL AND FETAL SIGNALS 1805 01:10:13,462 --> 01:10:18,367 CONTRIBUTE TO IMMUNE CELL 1806 01:10:18,367 --> 01:10:19,835 ACTIVATION, INFLAMMATION AND 1807 01:10:19,835 --> 01:10:20,836 DELIVERING OF THE BABY. 1808 01:10:20,836 --> 01:10:24,740 THIS PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS CAN 1809 01:10:24,740 --> 01:10:27,076 BEING ACTIVATED PATHOLOGICALLY 1810 01:10:27,076 --> 01:10:29,645 AND IF THIS HAPPENS BEFORE 37 1811 01:10:29,645 --> 01:10:31,681 WEEKS GESTATION IS CALLED 1812 01:10:31,681 --> 01:10:32,715 PRE-TERM BIRTH. 1813 01:10:32,715 --> 01:10:35,618 IT OCCURS IN ONE OUT OF EVERY 10 1814 01:10:35,618 --> 01:10:36,485 PREGNANCIES. 1815 01:10:36,485 --> 01:10:39,822 THE RATES OF PRETERM BIRTH ARE 1816 01:10:39,822 --> 01:10:42,191 ON THE RISE WORLDWIDE. 1817 01:10:42,191 --> 01:10:45,594 NOW, INTRAUTERINE INFECTION AND 1818 01:10:45,594 --> 01:10:47,797 INFLAMMATION ACCOUNT FOR 40% OF 1819 01:10:47,797 --> 01:10:49,665 ALL PRE-TERM BIRTH CASES. 1820 01:10:49,665 --> 01:10:52,068 THIS OCCURS WHEN BACTERIA FROM 1821 01:10:52,068 --> 01:10:54,036 THE VAGINAL TRACT CROSSES THE 1822 01:10:54,036 --> 01:10:58,507 CERVIX IN THE FETAL MEMBRANE AND 1823 01:10:58,507 --> 01:11:06,248 REACHES THE AMNIOTIC CAVITY AND 1824 01:11:06,248 --> 01:11:10,086 THESE NEW PRE-TERM BABIES HAVE 1825 01:11:10,086 --> 01:11:12,188 AN INCREASED RISK FOR EARLY 1826 01:11:12,188 --> 01:11:14,223 ONSET ADULT DISEASES SUCH AS 1827 01:11:14,223 --> 01:11:15,257 NEURO OR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, 1828 01:11:15,257 --> 01:11:18,527 EARLY ONSET ASTHMA, DIABETES AND 1829 01:11:18,527 --> 01:11:24,934 EVEN CERTAIN TYPES OF CANCERS. 1830 01:11:24,934 --> 01:11:27,069 SO WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE 1831 01:11:27,069 --> 01:11:28,871 SIGNALS THAT LEAD TO TERM OR 1832 01:11:28,871 --> 01:11:31,373 PRE-TERM BIRTH, THEY HAVE A VERY 1833 01:11:31,373 --> 01:11:33,542 SIMILAR SIGNALLING CASCADE THAT 1834 01:11:33,542 --> 01:11:35,644 IS DEPICTED ON THE SLIDE. 1835 01:11:35,644 --> 01:11:39,515 AND IT ALL ACCUMULATES IN FETAL 1836 01:11:39,515 --> 01:11:40,282 INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES THAT 1837 01:11:40,282 --> 01:11:42,852 PROPAGATE BACK TO THE MOM 1838 01:11:42,852 --> 01:11:44,253 BUILDING UP INFLAMMATION AND 1839 01:11:44,253 --> 01:11:46,055 CAUSING THE PROCESS TO OCCUR. 1840 01:11:46,055 --> 01:11:50,793 AND THE MAIN SIGNAL REGULATOR IS 1841 01:11:50,793 --> 01:11:56,332 NF CAPA B PLAYS A ROLE AT THE 1842 01:11:56,332 --> 01:11:58,267 FETAL INTERFACES TO INDUCE THIS 1843 01:11:58,267 --> 01:12:01,537 TYPE OF LABOR SIGNAL. 1844 01:12:01,537 --> 01:12:02,905 THERE'S TWO FETAL MATERNAL 1845 01:12:02,905 --> 01:12:04,240 INTERFACES. 1846 01:12:04,240 --> 01:12:05,941 THE PLACENTA AND THE FETAL 1847 01:12:05,941 --> 01:12:06,342 MEMBRANES. 1848 01:12:06,342 --> 01:12:10,346 NOW, WHILE THE PLACENTA IS VITAL 1849 01:12:10,346 --> 01:12:12,882 FOR FETAL SURVIVAL THE MEMBRANES 1850 01:12:12,882 --> 01:12:15,017 PLAY A UNIQUE ROLE INITIATING 1851 01:12:15,017 --> 01:12:17,620 THE CASCADE. 1852 01:12:17,620 --> 01:12:19,789 THEY'RE BOTH UNIQUE IN THEIR 1853 01:12:19,789 --> 01:12:20,956 CELLULAR AND COLLAGEN MAKEUP. 1854 01:12:20,956 --> 01:12:22,024 THEY'RE NOT THE SAME. 1855 01:12:22,024 --> 01:12:28,497 SO FROM THE PLACENTA SIDE, WE 1856 01:12:28,497 --> 01:12:36,739 HAVE THE IS SYNCYTIAL 1857 01:12:36,739 --> 01:12:37,573 TROPOBLAST. 1858 01:12:37,573 --> 01:12:42,044 WE HAVE THE TREE ON THE LEFT 1859 01:12:42,044 --> 01:12:46,549 MADE UP OF SYNCYTIAL AND 1860 01:12:46,549 --> 01:12:48,984 TROPOBLAST THAT CONNECTS IT TO 1861 01:12:48,984 --> 01:12:53,055 THE EPITHELIUM AND ON THE 1862 01:12:53,055 --> 01:13:00,996 MEMBRANE SIDE WE HAVE THE 1863 01:13:00,996 --> 01:13:09,071 CHORION WITH MESENCHYMAL CELLS 1864 01:13:09,071 --> 01:13:09,538 CREATING INTERFACES. 1865 01:13:09,538 --> 01:13:13,742 WHEN IT COMES TO STUDIES THESE 1866 01:13:13,742 --> 01:13:15,044 INTERFACES IN VITRO OR IN VIVO 1867 01:13:15,044 --> 01:13:17,680 THERE'S A COMMON PROGRESSION 1868 01:13:17,680 --> 01:13:19,148 THAT MOST PEOPLE FOLLOW WHEN 1869 01:13:19,148 --> 01:13:21,917 CONDUCTING PRECLINICAL TRIALS. 1870 01:13:21,917 --> 01:13:23,619 USUALLY YOU START OFF WITH MAYBE 1871 01:13:23,619 --> 01:13:27,056 A GENERIC CULTURE OF CELLS AND 1872 01:13:27,056 --> 01:13:31,293 MOVE ON TO A CO-CULTURE 1873 01:13:31,293 --> 01:13:34,263 EXPERIMENT OR AND MAYBE YOU HAVE 1874 01:13:34,263 --> 01:13:37,967 ACCESS TO PROFUSION STUDIES BUT 1875 01:13:37,967 --> 01:13:39,068 PREDOMINANTLY IT GOES OR LARGE 1876 01:13:39,068 --> 01:13:41,237 ANIMAL STUDIES TO TRY TO ANSWER 1877 01:13:41,237 --> 01:13:42,605 YOUR SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS. 1878 01:13:42,605 --> 01:13:43,939 BUT THERE'S A BIG FLAW WITH 1879 01:13:43,939 --> 01:13:44,406 THIS. 1880 01:13:44,406 --> 01:13:47,443 THE FACT IS THAT THE ANATOMY AND 1881 01:13:47,443 --> 01:13:48,711 FUNCTION OF ANIMAL MODELS 1882 01:13:48,711 --> 01:13:51,146 COMPARED TO HUMANS IS SO 1883 01:13:51,146 --> 01:13:51,413 DIFFERENT. 1884 01:13:51,413 --> 01:13:54,016 SO WE NEED AN ADVANCED 1885 01:13:54,016 --> 01:13:56,018 HUMAN-BASED SYSTEM TO ANSWER 1886 01:13:56,018 --> 01:14:00,289 SOME OF THESE BIOLOGICAL 1887 01:14:00,289 --> 01:14:00,556 QUESTIONS. 1888 01:14:00,556 --> 01:14:01,290 THAT'S WHERE CHIP TECHNOLOGY AND 1889 01:14:01,290 --> 01:14:05,227 3-D PRINTING COME TO PLAY. 1890 01:14:05,227 --> 01:14:07,096 OREGONON CHIPS LIKE THE ONE I 1891 01:14:07,096 --> 01:14:10,466 HAVE HERE ARE THE MERGER OF WHO 1892 01:14:10,466 --> 01:14:11,634 DISTINCT FIELDS, ENGINEERING AND 1893 01:14:11,634 --> 01:14:13,035 BIOLOGY. 1894 01:14:13,035 --> 01:14:17,573 THIS IS WHERE ENGINEERS CREATE 1895 01:14:17,573 --> 01:14:20,409 PLASTIC DEVICES THAT BIOOLOGISTS 1896 01:14:20,409 --> 01:14:22,411 PUT THE PROPER CELL AND COLLAGEN 1897 01:14:22,411 --> 01:14:25,014 LAYERS TO MIMIC THE ORGAN'S 1898 01:14:25,014 --> 01:14:27,082 ARCHITECTURE AND YOU CAN 1899 01:14:27,082 --> 01:14:28,017 RECREATE ORGAN SYSTEMS THIS WAY. 1900 01:14:28,017 --> 01:14:29,952 I HAVE THE PRIVILEGE OF TELLING 1901 01:14:29,952 --> 01:14:32,621 YOU ONE OF OUR MOST ADVANCED 1902 01:14:32,621 --> 01:14:33,989 DEVICES YET. 1903 01:14:33,989 --> 01:14:40,863 IT'S A MULTI-ORGAN FETAL ORGAN 1904 01:14:40,863 --> 01:14:43,098 ON CHIP AND HERE'S THE SCHEMATIC 1905 01:14:43,098 --> 01:14:50,439 OF THE PLACENTA LAYERS 1906 01:14:50,439 --> 01:14:50,706 CONNECTED. 1907 01:14:50,706 --> 01:14:52,508 WE HAVE A CHIP DEVICE THAT 1908 01:14:52,508 --> 01:14:55,577 ALLOWS US TO GROW ALL THE SEVEN 1909 01:14:55,577 --> 01:14:57,112 CELL AND COLLAGEN LAYERS IN THE 1910 01:14:57,112 --> 01:14:59,815 ONE SYSTEM AND FILL THE BASEMENT 1911 01:14:59,815 --> 01:15:08,824 MEMBRANE COLLAGEN BETWEEN THE 1912 01:15:08,824 --> 01:15:11,994 AMNYON AND CHORRION WE HAVE AN 1913 01:15:11,994 --> 01:15:15,064 ONCHIP RESERVOIR AND THIS ALOUSZ 1914 01:15:15,064 --> 01:15:24,840 US TO HAVE AND ON THE PLACENTA 1915 01:15:24,840 --> 01:15:28,610 SIDE WE LOADED IN HUMAN DERIVED 1916 01:15:28,610 --> 01:15:34,049 TERM PLACENTA CELL LINES OF THE 1917 01:15:34,049 --> 01:15:39,154 SYNCYTIAL TROPHOBLASTS. 1918 01:15:39,154 --> 01:15:41,023 CYTOTROPHOBLASTS AND UMBILICAL 1919 01:15:41,023 --> 01:15:47,029 VESSEL CELLS AND ON THE FETAL 1920 01:15:47,029 --> 01:15:54,503 MEMBRANE SIDE WITHIN THE SYSTEM 1921 01:15:54,503 --> 01:15:56,372 WE HAVE INTERFACES WIN ONE MODEL 1922 01:15:56,372 --> 01:16:03,245 TO STUDY WHAT'S GOING ON. 1923 01:16:03,245 --> 01:16:05,948 THE FIRST AIM IS TO DEVELOP A 1924 01:16:05,948 --> 01:16:08,117 PHYSIOLOGICAL PLATFORM OF THE 1925 01:16:08,117 --> 01:16:11,053 TWO INTERFACES USING THE NOVEL 1926 01:16:11,053 --> 01:16:17,593 TECHNOLOGY. 1927 01:16:17,593 --> 01:16:20,195 7D SECOND IS LOOK AT 1928 01:16:20,195 --> 01:16:21,063 INFLAMMATION AS THE DISEASE 1929 01:16:21,063 --> 01:16:28,070 STATE AND THE LASTLY TO SEFT THE 1930 01:16:28,070 --> 01:16:38,380 DEVICE'S UTILITY. 1931 01:17:07,876 --> 01:17:10,913 WE LOOKED AT THE IMMUNE CELL 1932 01:17:10,913 --> 01:17:11,847 REGULATORY FACTORS AND 1933 01:17:11,847 --> 01:17:15,017 EXPRESSION AND THE CELLULAR 1934 01:17:15,017 --> 01:17:17,352 TRANSITION STATUS OF THE AMNION 1935 01:17:17,352 --> 01:17:19,455 THAT PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IF 1936 01:17:19,455 --> 01:17:20,923 THE MEMBRANES RUPTURE. 1937 01:17:20,923 --> 01:17:24,293 THE CELLS WITHIN THE MULTI-ORGAN 1938 01:17:24,293 --> 01:17:29,898 CHIP MAINTAINED THEIR IN UTERO 1939 01:17:29,898 --> 01:17:33,569 CHARACTERISTIC STATE. 1940 01:17:33,569 --> 01:17:36,705 NEXT WE WANTED TO DEVELOP OUR 1941 01:17:36,705 --> 01:17:44,480 DISEASED STATE. 1942 01:17:44,480 --> 01:17:55,023 WE TREATED THE MATERNAL CAVITY 1943 01:17:57,960 --> 01:18:08,403 AND LOOK AT THIS AND AFTER 30 1944 01:18:22,918 --> 01:18:28,490 MINUTES OF LPS TREATMENT WE 1945 01:18:28,490 --> 01:18:35,030 IDENTIFIED NF CAPPA B INCREASED 1946 01:18:35,030 --> 01:18:38,333 EXPRESSION IN THE MATERNAL 1947 01:18:38,333 --> 01:18:40,435 DECIDUA. 1948 01:18:40,435 --> 01:18:43,071 WE KNEW LPS WAS PROPAGATING BUT 1949 01:18:43,071 --> 01:18:46,508 IS THIS RESULTING IN CELL 1950 01:18:46,508 --> 01:18:47,910 SPECIFIC CHANGES OR CHANGE IN 1951 01:18:47,910 --> 01:18:48,677 THE INFLAMMATORY MILIEU. 1952 01:18:48,677 --> 01:18:49,311 THAT'S WHAT WE WANTED TO 1953 01:18:49,311 --> 01:18:59,621 INVESTIGATE NEXT. 1954 01:19:04,927 --> 01:19:08,764 AND LPS DID NOT AFFECT 1955 01:19:08,764 --> 01:19:10,899 TROPHOBLAST OR IMMUNE REGULATORY 1956 01:19:10,899 --> 01:19:14,736 FACTOR EXPRESSION OR AMNION 1957 01:19:14,736 --> 01:19:14,970 STATUS. 1958 01:19:14,970 --> 01:19:16,104 THIS WAS INTERESTING. 1959 01:19:16,104 --> 01:19:17,606 WHEN WE STARTED TO INVESTIGATE 1960 01:19:17,606 --> 01:19:18,907 THE INFLAMMATORY SIDE OF THINGS 1961 01:19:18,907 --> 01:19:25,647 WE LOOKED AT THE EXPRESSION OF 1962 01:19:25,647 --> 01:19:28,750 PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE MARKERS 1963 01:19:28,750 --> 01:19:31,253 INTERLEUKIN 8 AND 6. 1964 01:19:31,253 --> 01:19:34,423 THE MATERNAL DECIDUA CELLS AFTER 1965 01:19:34,423 --> 01:19:37,392 TREATED AND THE SIGNIFICANT UP 1966 01:19:37,392 --> 01:19:37,826 REGULATION OF THE 1967 01:19:37,826 --> 01:19:42,364 PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES. 1968 01:19:42,364 --> 01:19:43,298 THIS INFLAMMATION WAS 1969 01:19:43,298 --> 01:19:44,967 PROPAGATING ACROSS THE PLACENTA 1970 01:19:44,967 --> 01:19:46,969 PLAYERS ON THE LEFT AND FETAL 1971 01:19:46,969 --> 01:19:48,203 MEMBRANE LAYERS ON THE RIGHT AND 1972 01:19:48,203 --> 01:19:49,771 INDUCING THE SIGNIFICANT 1973 01:19:49,771 --> 01:19:53,809 RESPONSES OF IL8 AND 6 ACROSS 1974 01:19:53,809 --> 01:19:54,543 OUR SYSTEM. 1975 01:19:54,543 --> 01:19:57,179 TO SUMMARIZE OUR DISEASE STATE 1976 01:19:57,179 --> 01:20:00,182 WE DOCUMENTED INFECTIOUS AGENTS 1977 01:20:00,182 --> 01:20:01,917 CAN PROPAGATE ACROSS THE 1978 01:20:01,917 --> 01:20:04,052 MULTI-ORGAN CHIP WITHIN SIX DAYS 1979 01:20:04,052 --> 01:20:11,827 AND INDUCE NF CAPA B 1980 01:20:11,827 --> 01:20:13,462 INFLAMMATION AND INCREASE 1981 01:20:13,462 --> 01:20:14,196 INTERLEUKIN 6 AND 8. 1982 01:20:14,196 --> 01:20:16,632 AT THIS POINT WE WANTED TO TEST 1983 01:20:16,632 --> 01:20:18,166 THE DEVICE'S UTILITY. 1984 01:20:18,166 --> 01:20:19,868 WE HAVE INFLAMMATION, CAN WE USE 1985 01:20:19,868 --> 01:20:25,073 A THERAPEUTIC AND SEE IF THIS 1986 01:20:25,073 --> 01:20:25,674 ANTIINFLAMMATORY THERAPEUTIC 1987 01:20:25,674 --> 01:20:29,144 WILL HAVE AN EFFICACIOUS EFFECT. 1988 01:20:29,144 --> 01:20:32,080 WE'RE USING A NOVEL COMPOUND. 1989 01:20:32,080 --> 01:20:34,783 IT'S AN EXOSOMAL DERIVED 1990 01:20:34,783 --> 01:20:35,250 INTERLEUKIN 10. 1991 01:20:35,250 --> 01:20:42,357 WE TAKE EXOSOMES AND ENCOMPASS 1992 01:20:42,357 --> 01:20:44,926 THE IL10 TO ITS STRUCTURE. 1993 01:20:44,926 --> 01:20:52,034 THE EXOSOME SHAPE IS NOT 1994 01:20:52,034 --> 01:20:52,367 DISORGANIZED. 1995 01:20:52,367 --> 01:20:57,005 IT HAS PROPER MORPHOLOGY AND 1996 01:20:57,005 --> 01:20:59,041 WE'RE ABLE TO IDENTIFY A 1997 01:20:59,041 --> 01:21:00,475 SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN 1998 01:21:00,475 --> 01:21:03,045 INTERLEUKIN 10 CONTENT WHILE 1999 01:21:03,045 --> 01:21:10,285 MAINTAINING THE CANONICAL 2000 01:21:10,285 --> 01:21:11,586 MARKERS. 2001 01:21:11,586 --> 01:21:13,088 WE ESTABLISHED AN LPS OR DISEASE 2002 01:21:13,088 --> 01:21:15,057 STATE PLATFORM AND TREAT THE 2003 01:21:15,057 --> 01:21:17,526 CHIP FOR THREE DAYS WITH LPS AND 2004 01:21:17,526 --> 01:21:20,062 DID A CO-TREATMENT FOR AN 2005 01:21:20,062 --> 01:21:20,662 ADDITIONAL THREE DAYS. 2006 01:21:20,662 --> 01:21:26,935 WE FLOUORESCENTLY TAGGED THE 2007 01:21:26,935 --> 01:21:29,237 EXOSOMES AND WHAT WE OBSERVED 2008 01:21:29,237 --> 01:21:31,073 SEEN HERE IN GREEN AS TAGS 2009 01:21:31,073 --> 01:21:34,676 EXOSOME CLUSTERS IS THE EXOSOMES 2010 01:21:34,676 --> 01:21:36,945 PROPAGATED FROM THE MATERNAL 2011 01:21:36,945 --> 01:21:40,716 DECIDUA FROM THE PLACENTAL 2012 01:21:40,716 --> 01:21:42,084 PLAYERS WITHIN THREE DAYS. 2013 01:21:42,084 --> 01:21:43,852 WHEN WE EVALUATE THE 2014 01:21:43,852 --> 01:21:45,587 INFLAMMATORY STATUS OF THE 2015 01:21:45,587 --> 01:21:48,190 ORGANS WE'RE ABLE TO SEE 2016 01:21:48,190 --> 01:21:50,959 EXOSOMAL IL10 TREATMENT CAUSED 2017 01:21:50,959 --> 01:21:52,728 SIGNIFICANT UPREGULATION IN 2018 01:21:52,728 --> 01:21:56,598 INTERLEUKIN 10 AND REDUCED 2019 01:21:56,598 --> 01:21:59,000 PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE IL6 AND 2020 01:21:59,000 --> 01:22:00,869 8 EXPRESSION IN SPECIFIC LAYERS 2021 01:22:00,869 --> 01:22:03,638 SHOWING EFFICACY IN THIS DEVICE. 2022 01:22:03,638 --> 01:22:07,075 NOW, TO VALIDATE THESE STUDIES, 2023 01:22:07,075 --> 01:22:09,611 WE USED A PRETERM BIRTH MICE 2024 01:22:09,611 --> 01:22:12,381 MODEL SIMILAR EFFECT OF TREATING 2025 01:22:12,381 --> 01:22:16,251 WITH LPS AND GIVE IL10 AND THERE 2026 01:22:16,251 --> 01:22:19,788 WAS A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN 2027 01:22:19,788 --> 01:22:21,790 PRETERM BIRTH ONSET DELAYING 2028 01:22:21,790 --> 01:22:23,225 BIRTH FROM THREE DAYS IN A MOUSE 2029 01:22:23,225 --> 01:22:29,564 MODEL IN A SYSTEM AND REDUCED 2030 01:22:29,564 --> 01:22:32,267 FETAL MEMBRANE INFLAMMATION AND 2031 01:22:32,267 --> 01:22:33,735 SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN THE 2032 01:22:33,735 --> 01:22:36,171 SERUM AND INCREASED PUP 2033 01:22:36,171 --> 01:22:36,438 SURVIVAL. 2034 01:22:36,438 --> 01:22:39,608 TO SUMMARIZE THIS SECTION WE'RE 2035 01:22:39,608 --> 01:22:42,944 ABLE TO SHOW IL10 PROPAGATION IN 2036 01:22:42,944 --> 01:22:44,946 THREE DAYS IS REDUCING 2037 01:22:44,946 --> 01:22:46,681 PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE 2038 01:22:46,681 --> 01:22:49,684 RESPONSE SHOWING EFFICACY AND 2039 01:22:49,684 --> 01:22:51,253 RESTORING THE HEALTHY STATE OF 2040 01:22:51,253 --> 01:22:53,188 MEMBRANES AND THE CHIP STUDIES 2041 01:22:53,188 --> 01:22:55,023 HAVE BEEN VALIDATED WITH LIFE 2042 01:22:55,023 --> 01:22:56,425 STUDIES. 2043 01:22:56,425 --> 01:22:58,427 IN OVER ALL CONCLUSION, TODAY I 2044 01:22:58,427 --> 01:23:00,996 HAVE TOLD YOU ABOUT THE 2045 01:23:00,996 --> 01:23:02,431 MULTI-ORGAN FETAL MEMBRANE 2046 01:23:02,431 --> 01:23:05,267 PLACENTA ON CHIP AND USE IT TO 2047 01:23:05,267 --> 01:23:06,268 STUDY PHYSIOLOGICAL AND 2048 01:23:06,268 --> 01:23:07,235 PATHOLOGICAL STATES OF PREGNANCY 2049 01:23:07,235 --> 01:23:09,337 AND THE KEY THING IS BECAUSE WE 2050 01:23:09,337 --> 01:23:11,139 HAVE THESE CELLS THAT ARE 2051 01:23:11,139 --> 01:23:12,441 CHARACTERIZED GENETICALLY STABLE 2052 01:23:12,441 --> 01:23:15,510 AND THE CHIP ALLOWS FOR THE 2053 01:23:15,510 --> 01:23:17,512 INTERACTIONS TO CREATE THIS 2054 01:23:17,512 --> 01:23:19,748 BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE WE CAN NOW 2055 01:23:19,748 --> 01:23:20,582 INVESTIGATE. 2056 01:23:20,582 --> 01:23:22,617 THESE HEALTHY AND DISEASED STATE 2057 01:23:22,617 --> 01:23:25,086 CHIPS CAN BE USED FOR PRE 2058 01:23:25,086 --> 01:23:27,622 CLINICAL TRIAL TESTING TO 2059 01:23:27,622 --> 01:23:30,091 HOPEFULLY REDUCE ADVERSE 2060 01:23:30,091 --> 01:23:33,462 PREGNANCY OUTCOME AND BY 2061 01:23:33,462 --> 01:23:35,030 VALIDATING THE RESULTS ONE A 2062 01:23:35,030 --> 01:23:37,098 MODEL WE CAN REDUCE USE OF AN 2063 01:23:37,098 --> 01:23:39,568 MOL MODELS IN THE FUTURE AND 2064 01:23:39,568 --> 01:23:41,203 ADVANCED FOR MORE HUMAN BASED 2065 01:23:41,203 --> 01:23:42,471 ADVANCED CULTURE SYSTEM TO 2066 01:23:42,471 --> 01:23:44,005 REPLACE THAT DATA SET. 2067 01:23:44,005 --> 01:23:45,941 THERE ARE A FEW LIMITATIONS LIKE 2068 01:23:45,941 --> 01:23:47,542 FOR ANYBODY ELSE'S SYSTEM. 2069 01:23:47,542 --> 01:23:49,144 RIGHT NOW WE DO NOT HAVE IMMUNE 2070 01:23:49,144 --> 01:23:52,113 CELLS INCORPORATED INTO THE CHIP 2071 01:23:52,113 --> 01:23:54,216 THOUGH WE'RE ACTIVELY ADDING 2072 01:23:54,216 --> 01:23:56,084 IMMUNE CELLS TO THE DECIDUA TO 2073 01:23:56,084 --> 01:23:58,420 COMPENSATE FOR THIS AND 2074 01:23:58,420 --> 01:23:59,855 INVESTIGATING DYNAMIC FLOW TO 2075 01:23:59,855 --> 01:24:01,656 ADD A VESSEL CHAMBER AND WHAT 2076 01:24:01,656 --> 01:24:04,493 I'M MOST EXCITED ABOUT IS WE'RE 2077 01:24:04,493 --> 01:24:07,062 ABLE TO CREATE FETAL MEMBRANE 2078 01:24:07,062 --> 01:24:10,165 AND PLACENTA CELL LINES DERIVED 2079 01:24:10,165 --> 01:24:12,701 FROM FEMALE AND MALE FETUSES. 2080 01:24:12,701 --> 01:24:16,238 THESE CELL LINES WILL LET US 2081 01:24:16,238 --> 01:24:17,105 INVESTIGATE SEX-SPECIFIC EFFECTS 2082 01:24:17,105 --> 01:24:19,441 WHEN ITS COMES TO DOING THE 2083 01:24:19,441 --> 01:24:20,675 THERAPEUTIC AND I'M EXCITED TO 2084 01:24:20,675 --> 01:24:21,343 START THE WORK SOON. 2085 01:24:21,343 --> 01:24:23,545 SO WITH THAT, I WOULD LIKE TO 2086 01:24:23,545 --> 01:24:24,980 CONCLUDE I'D LIKE TO THANK THE 2087 01:24:24,980 --> 01:24:27,883 LABS AT UTMB AND A&M FOR THEIR 2088 01:24:27,883 --> 01:24:29,851 SUPPORT IN THE PROJECT. 2089 01:24:29,851 --> 01:24:32,654 REALLY HIGHLIGHTING MY BIRCWH 2090 01:24:32,654 --> 01:24:37,125 MENTORS AND THE UTMB BIRCWH HAVE 2091 01:24:37,125 --> 01:24:41,029 BEEN INSTRUMENTAL IN HELPING ME 2092 01:24:41,029 --> 01:24:42,364 IN MY APPLICATION AND PROVIDING 2093 01:24:42,364 --> 01:24:43,632 THE COLLEAGUE AND MENTOR SUPPORT 2094 01:24:43,632 --> 01:24:46,668 IS CRITICAL THROUGH THIS PROCESS 2095 01:24:46,668 --> 01:24:54,843 AND NOW I'VE BEEN GRACIOUSLY 2096 01:24:54,843 --> 01:24:58,246 BEEN AWARDED AN RO1 AND WITH 2097 01:24:58,246 --> 01:24:59,047 THAT I'LL TAKE ANY QUESTIONS AT 2098 01:24:59,047 --> 01:25:09,224 THIS TIME. 2099 01:25:36,751 --> 01:25:38,954 >> ARE YOU TRYING TO ENSURE 2100 01:25:38,954 --> 01:25:41,623 YOU'RE USING A MONOLAYER AND 2101 01:25:41,623 --> 01:25:44,259 FORM A MONOLAYER AND THEN I HAVE 2102 01:25:44,259 --> 01:25:46,761 A SECOND QUESTION. 2103 01:25:46,761 --> 01:25:53,768 >> THANK YOU FOR DIVIDING IT UP. 2104 01:25:53,768 --> 01:25:56,771 WE START WITH THE FIRST DAY AT 2105 01:25:56,771 --> 01:25:59,908 70% AND GROWS TO 100% WITHIN SIX 2106 01:25:59,908 --> 01:26:00,542 DAYS. 2107 01:26:00,542 --> 01:26:05,747 SOME CULTURES ARE IN 3-D AND 2108 01:26:05,747 --> 01:26:11,052 SOME IN 2-D WHEN IT COMES TO THE 2109 01:26:11,052 --> 01:26:14,155 TROPHOBLAST BARRIER IS IN 2-D 2110 01:26:14,155 --> 01:26:16,024 AND SOME ARE IN A 3-D COLLAGEN. 2111 01:26:16,024 --> 01:26:19,027 IT'S A MIXTURE OF 2-D AND 3-D 2112 01:26:19,027 --> 01:26:19,961 DEPENDING ON THE BIOLOGY. 2113 01:26:19,961 --> 01:26:22,464 THAT'S THE MOST IMPORTANT THING 2114 01:26:22,464 --> 01:26:25,433 IS TRYING TO MIMIC THE BIOLOGY. 2115 01:26:25,433 --> 01:26:27,769 >> AND A QUICK FOLLOW-UP. 2116 01:26:27,769 --> 01:26:33,208 THE EXOSOMES LOADED WITH 2117 01:26:33,208 --> 01:26:34,476 INTERLEUKIN 3 BUT THOSE GETTING 2118 01:26:34,476 --> 01:26:38,647 TO THE CELLS GET DEGRADED WHAT 2119 01:26:38,647 --> 01:26:40,281 HAPPENS TO THE INTERLEUKIN 10 IT 2120 01:26:40,281 --> 01:26:41,983 DOESN'T GET DEGRADED. 2121 01:26:41,983 --> 01:26:42,917 >> GREAT QUESTION. 2122 01:26:42,917 --> 01:26:44,219 IT'S BEEN PUBLISHED IN FRONTIERS 2123 01:26:44,219 --> 01:26:46,254 OF IMMUNOLOGY. 2124 01:26:46,254 --> 01:26:47,856 I INVITE ANYONE TO LOOK INTO 2125 01:26:47,856 --> 01:26:49,057 THAT TO GET MORE INFORMATION BUT 2126 01:26:49,057 --> 01:26:52,994 TO ANSWER THAT SPECIFIC QUESTION 2127 01:26:52,994 --> 01:26:54,829 WE ARE CREATE SYSTEM TO HAVE THE 2128 01:26:54,829 --> 01:26:57,298 EXOSOMES TAGGED IN GREEN AND 2129 01:26:57,298 --> 01:26:59,300 INTERLEUKIN TAG IN RED. 2130 01:26:59,300 --> 01:27:02,404 FROM THESE WE'RE DETERMINING 2131 01:27:02,404 --> 01:27:04,105 ON-CHIP HOW MANY EXOSOMES ARE 2132 01:27:04,105 --> 01:27:06,975 GETTING INCORPORATED INTO THE 2133 01:27:06,975 --> 01:27:09,411 DECIDUA AND HOW MANY ARE 2134 01:27:09,411 --> 01:27:15,850 PROPAGATING AND DELIVERING THE 2135 01:27:15,850 --> 01:27:16,951 IL10. 2136 01:27:16,951 --> 01:27:19,020 I HOPE TO REPORT BACK SOON. 2137 01:27:19,020 --> 01:27:27,595 >> THANK YOU. 2138 01:27:27,595 --> 01:27:30,799 >> THANKS SFORCH SO MUCH FOR THE 2139 01:27:30,799 --> 01:27:32,100 GREAT TALK AND COOL MODEL. 2140 01:27:32,100 --> 01:27:35,036 IS IT POSSIBLE TO STUDY MODELS 2141 01:27:35,036 --> 01:27:37,205 OF CONGENITAL VIRAL INFECTIONS 2142 01:27:37,205 --> 01:27:39,741 LIKE IN THIS INSTANCE YOU'RE 2143 01:27:39,741 --> 01:27:41,543 EXPOSING TO LPS BUT WITH A MODEL 2144 01:27:41,543 --> 01:27:42,644 LIKE THAT YOU THINK CAN YOU LOOK 2145 01:27:42,644 --> 01:27:47,248 AT THE IMPACT OF SAY CMV AND THE 2146 01:27:47,248 --> 01:27:48,983 TRANSMISSION ACROSS THE MATERNAL 2147 01:27:48,983 --> 01:27:51,753 FETAL BARRIER OR OTHER HERPES 2148 01:27:51,753 --> 01:27:53,321 VIRUSES OR HIV. 2149 01:27:53,321 --> 01:27:55,990 I'M AN HIV RESEARCHER SO THAT'S 2150 01:27:55,990 --> 01:27:57,058 WHERE MY MIND WENT TO. 2151 01:27:57,058 --> 01:28:01,096 I WONDER IF THIS ORGAN AND CHIP 2152 01:28:01,096 --> 01:28:03,631 MODEL CAN LOOK AT DIRECTLY 2153 01:28:03,631 --> 01:28:08,503 INFECTING CELLS AND LOOKING AT 2154 01:28:08,503 --> 01:28:10,839 CASCADE OF EVENTS FROM THESE 2155 01:28:10,839 --> 01:28:11,139 INFECTIONS. 2156 01:28:11,139 --> 01:28:12,373 >> I THINK THAT'S THE DIRECTION 2157 01:28:12,373 --> 01:28:12,640 OF THIS. 2158 01:28:12,640 --> 01:28:15,243 HAVING THIS PLATFORM AND THE 2159 01:28:15,243 --> 01:28:17,979 ABILITY TO TEST MULTIPLE ANGLES, 2160 01:28:17,979 --> 01:28:23,885 VIRAL INFECTION, OXIDATIVE 2161 01:28:23,885 --> 01:28:24,152 STRESS. 2162 01:28:24,152 --> 01:28:29,424 HOW DOES SOCIAL STRESS AFFECT 2163 01:28:29,424 --> 01:28:31,326 THE PLACENTA AND MEMBRANE. 2164 01:28:31,326 --> 01:28:33,928 NOW THAT WE HAVE A PLATFORM THAT 2165 01:28:33,928 --> 01:28:36,431 MODELS HUMAN WE CAN STUDY THESE 2166 01:28:36,431 --> 01:28:37,766 IN A MECHANISTIC WAY. 2167 01:28:37,766 --> 01:28:39,901 THAT WOULD BE GREAT DIRECTION TO 2168 01:28:39,901 --> 01:28:45,340 GO WITH SOME OF THESE STUDIES. 2169 01:28:45,340 --> 01:28:49,644 >> GREAT TALK. 2170 01:28:49,644 --> 01:28:52,680 I'M CURIOUS ABOUT YOUR PLANS TO 2171 01:28:52,680 --> 01:28:54,315 INCORPORATE IMMUNE PLANS IN THE 2172 01:28:54,315 --> 01:28:59,053 MODEL AND CAN YOU EXPAND AND IF 2173 01:28:59,053 --> 01:29:01,356 THERE'S CELL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 2174 01:29:01,356 --> 01:29:08,730 DIFFERENT POPULATIONS AND THE 2175 01:29:08,730 --> 01:29:10,465 PLAN TO MIMIC THAT. 2176 01:29:10,465 --> 01:29:11,432 >> GREAT QUESTION AND COMPLEX 2177 01:29:11,432 --> 01:29:19,307 QUESTION. 2178 01:29:19,307 --> 01:29:22,577 >> WHEN WE DO GET THE PLACENTA 2179 01:29:22,577 --> 01:29:24,879 DELIVERIES WE ISOLATE PRIMARY 2180 01:29:24,879 --> 01:29:26,247 IMMUNE CELLS FROM THE DECIDUA. 2181 01:29:26,247 --> 01:29:29,717 SO THAT WOULD BE MORE OF A 2182 01:29:29,717 --> 01:29:30,385 PATIENT-SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE 2183 01:29:30,385 --> 01:29:32,086 HOWEVER, THE LIMITATION TO THAT 2184 01:29:32,086 --> 01:29:34,823 IS THE HALF LIFE OF THOSE 2185 01:29:34,823 --> 01:29:38,359 PRIMARY IMMUNE CELLS IS 24/48 2186 01:29:38,359 --> 01:29:38,626 HOURS. 2187 01:29:38,626 --> 01:29:39,494 THAT'S A CHALLENGE. 2188 01:29:39,494 --> 01:29:41,229 SHORT TIME POINTS BUT NOT LONG 2189 01:29:41,229 --> 01:29:43,731 POINTS AND THE OTHER SIDE IS TO 2190 01:29:43,731 --> 01:29:46,034 TAKE IMMORTALIZED IMMUNE CELLS 2191 01:29:46,034 --> 01:29:48,937 AND TRY TO RECREATE THE MILIEU 2192 01:29:48,937 --> 01:29:50,004 OF HOW MANY CELLS THERE ARE IN 2193 01:29:50,004 --> 01:29:50,572 THE CONDITIONS AND THAT'S 2194 01:29:50,572 --> 01:29:52,106 SOMETHING WE'RE CURRENTLY DOING. 2195 01:29:52,106 --> 01:29:52,974 WE TRIED BOTH. 2196 01:29:52,974 --> 01:29:55,610 WE PUBLISHED A PAPER WITH 2197 01:29:55,610 --> 01:29:56,878 PRIMARY IMMUNE CELLS AND SEEN 2198 01:29:56,878 --> 01:29:58,346 THE LIMITATIONS AND NOW WE'RE 2199 01:29:58,346 --> 01:30:00,515 TRYING TO USE IMMORTALIZED 2200 01:30:00,515 --> 01:30:02,750 IMMUNE CELLS AT THE RIGHT 2201 01:30:02,750 --> 01:30:03,418 CONCENTRATION TO PRIME THEM WITH 2202 01:30:03,418 --> 01:30:05,954 DIFFERENT STIMULANTS AND SEE HOW 2203 01:30:05,954 --> 01:30:07,789 THEY WOULD HAVE DIFFERENT 2204 01:30:07,789 --> 01:30:08,189 EFFECTS. 2205 01:30:08,189 --> 01:30:10,825 THE HOPE IS TO HAD TO THE 2206 01:30:10,825 --> 01:30:14,929 DECIDUA AND TO ADD SOME IN THE 2207 01:30:14,929 --> 01:30:16,865 PLACENTA STROMA AND THE MAYBE 2208 01:30:16,865 --> 01:30:19,534 EVEN IN THE AMNIOTIC FLUID 2209 01:30:19,534 --> 01:30:20,001 SECTION. 2210 01:30:20,001 --> 01:30:21,736 THERE'S A LOT OF ROOM TO GROW IN 2211 01:30:21,736 --> 01:30:23,905 THE IMMUNE CELL REGULATION OF 2212 01:30:23,905 --> 01:30:24,806 THE CHIP MODELS. 2213 01:30:24,806 --> 01:30:25,139 >> THANK YOU. 2214 01:30:25,139 --> 01:30:31,512 >> YEAH. 2215 01:30:31,512 --> 01:30:33,748 >> PAM STRATTON, ORWH. 2216 01:30:33,748 --> 01:30:35,516 I HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT DIFFERENT 2217 01:30:35,516 --> 01:30:38,386 DIRECTIONS I'M SURE YOU'RE 2218 01:30:38,386 --> 01:30:39,020 THINKING ABOUT BUT WOULD LIKE 2219 01:30:39,020 --> 01:30:41,489 YOU TO EXPAND ON THEM. 2220 01:30:41,489 --> 01:30:43,825 DRIVING ON THE CONGENITAL VIRAL 2221 01:30:43,825 --> 01:30:44,993 INFECTION THERE'S EVIDENCE IF 2222 01:30:44,993 --> 01:30:46,995 YOU HAVE CONGENITAL BACTERIAL 2223 01:30:46,995 --> 01:30:51,032 INFECTIONS THAT COULD LEAD TO 2224 01:30:51,032 --> 01:30:53,301 CEREBRAL PALSY AND OTHER THINGS 2225 01:30:53,301 --> 01:30:57,972 LIKE THAT. 2226 01:30:57,972 --> 01:31:03,211 I WONDERED HOW YOU WERE THINKING 2227 01:31:03,211 --> 01:31:07,048 MECHANISTICALLY AND THE OTHER 2228 01:31:07,048 --> 01:31:13,187 PART IS INTRAUTERINE GROWTH 2229 01:31:13,187 --> 01:31:22,897 RESTRICTION AND PRECLAMSIA AND 2230 01:31:22,897 --> 01:31:24,265 HOW YOU ADDRESS THEM. 2231 01:31:24,265 --> 01:31:31,172 REALIZE THESE ARE PIE IN THE SKY 2232 01:31:31,172 --> 01:31:33,241 DECADES OF RESEARCH IDEAS BUT 2233 01:31:33,241 --> 01:31:34,509 OFTEN IF WE START WITH THE END 2234 01:31:34,509 --> 01:31:37,178 IN MIND IT INSPIRES US. 2235 01:31:37,178 --> 01:31:47,555 >> I APPRECIATE THAT. 2236 01:31:49,324 --> 01:31:53,428 THE RO1 WAS TO CREATE PLACENTA 2237 01:31:53,428 --> 01:31:55,730 MODELS AND EXPAND ON A MORE 2238 01:31:55,730 --> 01:31:56,731 SIMPLISTIC VERSION THAN 2239 01:31:56,731 --> 01:31:59,033 REPRESENTED HERE AND TO HAVE 2240 01:31:59,033 --> 01:32:03,004 WITHIN A DEVICE BE PLACENTA 2241 01:32:03,004 --> 01:32:04,706 VESSEL AND THE TROPHOBLASTS AND 2242 01:32:04,706 --> 01:32:06,507 ALL THE DIFFERENT LAYERS. 2243 01:32:06,507 --> 01:32:08,409 IT'S AN EIGHT TO NINE CHAMBER 2244 01:32:08,409 --> 01:32:08,776 CHIP. 2245 01:32:08,776 --> 01:32:09,844 THAT MODEL IS GOING TO BE MORE 2246 01:32:09,844 --> 01:32:20,321 OF A MODEL OF LOOKING AT P 2247 01:32:26,694 --> 01:32:29,664 PREECLAMPSIA AND RELATED MORE TO 2248 01:32:29,664 --> 01:32:33,568 THE VIRAL INFECTION AND HOW THAT 2249 01:32:33,568 --> 01:32:44,012 MAY AFFECT CEREBRAL PALSY. 2250 01:32:46,714 --> 01:32:48,783 >> I REMEMBER SEEING REVERSES 2251 01:32:48,783 --> 01:32:59,260 BECAUSE OF INFECTIOUS EXPOSURES. 2252 01:32:59,260 --> 01:33:00,962 >> WE WANT TO TREAT THEM AND SEE 2253 01:33:00,962 --> 01:33:03,031 WHAT COMES OUT THE OTHER SIDE 2254 01:33:03,031 --> 01:33:04,699 AND PUT THAT ON OUR FETAL BRAIN 2255 01:33:04,699 --> 01:33:05,099 CHIPS. 2256 01:33:05,099 --> 01:33:07,535 THAT'S SOMETHING WE'RE CURRENTLY 2257 01:33:07,535 --> 01:33:10,638 WORK ON IS THE FETAL BLOOD BRAIN 2258 01:33:10,638 --> 01:33:12,240 BARRIER CHIP TO INVESTIGATE IF 2259 01:33:12,240 --> 01:33:17,211 SOMETHING TRANS FIRSTS WHAT IS 2260 01:33:17,211 --> 01:33:25,119 THE FETAL RESPONSE AND THAT'S 2261 01:33:25,119 --> 01:33:29,357 ONGOING AND SHED LIGHTS ON 2262 01:33:29,357 --> 01:33:29,891 QUESTIONS GOING FORWARD. 2263 01:33:29,891 --> 01:33:39,567 >> THANK YOU. 2264 01:33:39,567 --> 01:33:42,070 >> HOW DO YOU ENSURE IMMUNE CELL 2265 01:33:42,070 --> 01:33:45,406 CROSS TALK WITH YOUR MODEL OF 2266 01:33:45,406 --> 01:33:47,708 PLACENTA AND WITHIN THE IMMUNE 2267 01:33:47,708 --> 01:33:50,445 CELLS LIKE ADAPTIVE AND INNATE 2268 01:33:50,445 --> 01:33:53,114 IMMUNE CELLS WHETHER YOU CAN 2269 01:33:53,114 --> 01:33:56,584 ENSURE PROPER CROSS TALKS ARE 2270 01:33:56,584 --> 01:33:58,719 GOING ON LIKE WHAT HAPPENS IN 2271 01:33:58,719 --> 01:33:59,353 VIVO. 2272 01:33:59,353 --> 01:34:01,656 >> WITH ANY CROSS PLATFORM WE 2273 01:34:01,656 --> 01:34:04,392 HAVE TO VALIDATE IT AND THIS 2274 01:34:04,392 --> 01:34:07,862 ALLOWS FOR DIRECT CELL TO CELL 2275 01:34:07,862 --> 01:34:08,996 INTERACTION WITH THE IMMUNE 2276 01:34:08,996 --> 01:34:12,133 CELLS AND DECIDUA AND ALLOWS 2277 01:34:12,133 --> 01:34:13,568 THEM TO MIGRATE IF THEY'RE 2278 01:34:13,568 --> 01:34:15,069 CALLED TO MIGRATE AND CAN 2279 01:34:15,069 --> 01:34:15,970 VISUALLY WATCH THAT. 2280 01:34:15,970 --> 01:34:18,840 ONCE WE HAVE THE ACTION WE HAVE 2281 01:34:18,840 --> 01:34:22,710 TO DO MULTI-OMIC APPROACHES AND 2282 01:34:22,710 --> 01:34:24,812 COMPARE THAT TO IN VIVO AND IN 2283 01:34:24,812 --> 01:34:26,180 UTERO TISSUE TO SEE IF WE'RE 2284 01:34:26,180 --> 01:34:27,782 CONNECTING AND CREATING THE 2285 01:34:27,782 --> 01:34:30,952 RIGHT KIND OF CROSS TALK AND THE 2286 01:34:30,952 --> 01:34:34,021 SIGNALS THAT WOULD BE MODELLING 2287 01:34:34,021 --> 01:34:34,422 PREGNANCY STATES. 2288 01:34:34,422 --> 01:34:35,456 THAT'S OUR STRATEGY TO 2289 01:34:35,456 --> 01:34:37,225 INVESTIGATE AND CURRENTLY 2290 01:34:37,225 --> 01:34:41,829 ONGOING. 2291 01:34:41,829 --> 01:34:43,064 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR 2292 01:34:43,064 --> 01:34:53,174 TIME. 2293 01:34:56,777 --> 01:34:59,714 >> GOOD MORNING EVERYONE. 2294 01:34:59,714 --> 01:35:05,219 I'M SUSAN KORNSTEIN AND 2295 01:35:05,219 --> 01:35:06,821 INTRODUCING DR. DIALLO. 2296 01:35:06,821 --> 01:35:08,489 SHE'S AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN 2297 01:35:08,489 --> 01:35:10,958 THE SCHOOL OF NURSING AND IN THE 2298 01:35:10,958 --> 01:35:12,994 OFFICE OF INSTITUTIONAL EQUITY 2299 01:35:12,994 --> 01:35:13,861 EFFECTIVENESS AND SUCCESS. 2300 01:35:13,861 --> 01:35:19,066 SHE WAS BORN AND RAISED IN GIN 2301 01:35:19,066 --> 01:35:20,768 E, WEST AFRICA AND LIVED IN FOUR 2302 01:35:20,768 --> 01:35:22,270 COUNTRIES BEFORE MOVING TO THE 2303 01:35:22,270 --> 01:35:22,436 U.S. 2304 01:35:22,436 --> 01:35:25,273 IS THE GRADUATED FROM BCU WITH A 2305 01:35:25,273 --> 01:35:27,074 BACHELOR'S OF SCIENCE IN 2306 01:35:27,074 --> 01:35:28,776 NURSING, AND BACHELOR OF ARTS IN 2307 01:35:28,776 --> 01:35:29,677 GLOBAL HEALTH. 2308 01:35:29,677 --> 01:35:31,479 SHE COMPLETED A Ph.D. AND MASTER 2309 01:35:31,479 --> 01:35:33,948 OF PUBLIC HEALTH AT THE 2310 01:35:33,948 --> 01:35:35,449 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT AND 2311 01:35:35,449 --> 01:35:37,785 THEN WAS A CLINICAL AND 2312 01:35:37,785 --> 01:35:39,053 TRANSLATIONAL POSTDOC 2313 01:35:39,053 --> 01:35:40,021 POSTDOCTORAL FELLOW AT THE 2314 01:35:40,021 --> 01:35:41,522 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING 2315 01:35:41,522 --> 01:35:42,423 RESEARCH. 2316 01:35:42,423 --> 01:35:44,625 HER RESEARCH INTEGRATES DIETARY 2317 01:35:44,625 --> 01:35:47,461 BEHAVIORS, CLINICAL AND GENOMIC 2318 01:35:47,461 --> 01:35:49,197 DATA TO DEVELOP TAILORED 2319 01:35:49,197 --> 01:35:51,532 NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS IN THE 2320 01:35:51,532 --> 01:35:52,700 MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR 2321 01:35:52,700 --> 01:35:54,235 DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN RACIAL 2322 01:35:54,235 --> 01:35:56,370 AND ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS. 2323 01:35:56,370 --> 01:36:00,074 SHE'S PARTICULARLY INTERESTED IN 2324 01:36:00,074 --> 01:36:03,044 STUDYING HOW SELF AND GENDER 2325 01:36:03,044 --> 01:36:04,612 INFLUENCE THE AFFECT OF GENE 2326 01:36:04,612 --> 01:36:06,314 DIET INTERACTIONS ON CHOLESTEROL 2327 01:36:06,314 --> 01:36:11,052 LEVELS AND HOW TO ADDRESS THE 2328 01:36:11,052 --> 01:36:19,393 UNDER REPRESENTATION OF MINORITY 2329 01:36:19,393 --> 01:36:20,294 GROUPS. 2330 01:36:20,294 --> 01:36:30,838 PLEASE WELCOME DR. ANNA DIALLO. 2331 01:36:43,784 --> 01:36:44,619 >> THANK YOU. 2332 01:36:44,619 --> 01:36:46,354 IT'S AN HONOR TO REPORT THE 2333 01:36:46,354 --> 01:36:48,222 EARLY RESULTS OF OUR RESEARCH 2334 01:36:48,222 --> 01:36:49,824 PROJECT THAT LED TO THE 2335 01:36:49,824 --> 01:36:51,025 FOUNDATION FOR THIS CURRENT K12 2336 01:36:51,025 --> 01:37:00,735 I RECEIVED. 2337 01:37:00,735 --> 01:37:05,473 FUL -- IT WILL LOOK AT THE SEX 2338 01:37:05,473 --> 01:37:08,242 DIFFERENCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF 2339 01:37:08,242 --> 01:37:12,280 DYSLIPIDEMIA IN A COHORT OF 2340 01:37:12,280 --> 01:37:15,149 BLACK AMERICANS AND JACKSON 2341 01:37:15,149 --> 01:37:19,687 HEART STUDY THERE'S LOW 2342 01:37:19,687 --> 01:37:24,358 CHOLESTEROL, TRIGLYCERIDE OR LOW 2343 01:37:24,358 --> 01:37:28,729 CONCENTRATION OF HIGH DENSITY 2344 01:37:28,729 --> 01:37:33,067 CHOLESTEROL OR TAKING ANY LIPID 2345 01:37:33,067 --> 01:37:35,770 MEDICATION AND IT'S A MAJOR RISK 2346 01:37:35,770 --> 01:37:40,708 FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR 2347 01:37:40,708 --> 01:37:41,108 DISEASES. 2348 01:37:41,108 --> 01:37:50,985 YOU CAN SEE -- YOU CAN SEE THE 2349 01:37:50,985 --> 01:37:52,987 GREENER THE COLOR, THE HIGHER 2350 01:37:52,987 --> 01:37:54,221 THE PREVALENCE OF TOTAL 2351 01:37:54,221 --> 01:37:54,555 CHOLESTEROL. 2352 01:37:54,555 --> 01:37:57,658 WE CAN SEE IN THE UNITED STATES 2353 01:37:57,658 --> 01:37:59,994 MORE THAN 30% OF U.S. ADULTS 2354 01:37:59,994 --> 01:38:02,029 HAVE ELEVATED CHOLESTEROL. 2355 01:38:02,029 --> 01:38:03,898 MORE THAN ONE IN EVERY THREE 2356 01:38:03,898 --> 01:38:07,335 ADULTS IN THE U.S. FACE ELEVATED 2357 01:38:07,335 --> 01:38:09,537 CHOLESTEROL OR DYSLIPIDEMIA. 2358 01:38:09,537 --> 01:38:11,138 IT'S MANAGED BY TWO WAYS. 2359 01:38:11,138 --> 01:38:13,207 PRIMARILY WE CAN LOOK AT 2360 01:38:13,207 --> 01:38:17,211 LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS. 2361 01:38:17,211 --> 01:38:19,213 SO FOCUSSING ON DIET RICH IN 2362 01:38:19,213 --> 01:38:25,219 FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND WHOLE 2363 01:38:25,219 --> 01:38:27,121 GRAIN AND LOOKING AT 2364 01:38:27,121 --> 01:38:28,489 THERAPEUTICS AND THAT'S GOING TO 2365 01:38:28,489 --> 01:38:29,690 BE STATINS. 2366 01:38:29,690 --> 01:38:33,394 THEY HAVE BEEN USED FOR DECADES 2367 01:38:33,394 --> 01:38:37,264 FOR THEIR EFFECTIVENESS AND 2368 01:38:37,264 --> 01:38:39,433 SAFETY IN DECREASING CHOLESTEROL 2369 01:38:39,433 --> 01:38:43,037 AND PREVENTING CARDIOVASCULAR 2370 01:38:43,037 --> 01:38:46,207 EVENT HOWEVER, DISPARITIES ARE 2371 01:38:46,207 --> 01:38:47,708 IN THE MANAGEMENT OF 2372 01:38:47,708 --> 01:38:48,342 DYSLIPIDEMIA AND THAT'S WHERE I 2373 01:38:48,342 --> 01:38:56,016 WANT TO FOCUS. 2374 01:38:56,016 --> 01:39:03,057 THIS DISPARITIES ARE BASED ON 2375 01:39:03,057 --> 01:39:07,428 RACE AND SEX DIFFERENCES AND ON 2376 01:39:07,428 --> 01:39:11,065 THE RIGHT THE IDEAL SCORE IS 2377 01:39:11,065 --> 01:39:14,769 GREEN ALMOST IN EXISTENCE AND 2378 01:39:14,769 --> 01:39:17,738 THE RED COLORS ON THE STAFF BAR 2379 01:39:17,738 --> 01:39:19,039 GRAPH REPRESENTING POOR DIET. 2380 01:39:19,039 --> 01:39:22,610 IT'S ESTIMATED MORE THAN 80% OF 2381 01:39:22,610 --> 01:39:25,012 U.S. ADULTS HAVE POOR DIET 2382 01:39:25,012 --> 01:39:30,451 ACCORDING TO THE AHA DIET SCORE. 2383 01:39:30,451 --> 01:39:34,221 AND THOSE DIFFERENCES EXIST 2384 01:39:34,221 --> 01:39:40,828 BASED ON RACE AND NON-HISPANIC 2385 01:39:40,828 --> 01:39:45,966 BLACKS SUFFER MORE COMPARED TO 2386 01:39:45,966 --> 01:39:46,300 OTHER GROUPS. 2387 01:39:46,300 --> 01:39:56,844 THAT'S ACROSS DIFFERENT GROUPS 2388 01:39:57,611 --> 01:39:59,046 AND THAT'S ON THE GRAPH ON THE 2389 01:39:59,046 --> 01:40:09,557 LEFT YOU CAN SEE COMPARED TO 2390 01:40:10,057 --> 01:40:11,859 WHITE WOMEN HAD LESS LIKELY TO 2391 01:40:11,859 --> 01:40:13,260 USE STATINS BUT MOST CHALLENGES 2392 01:40:13,260 --> 01:40:16,163 IN CONTROLLING FOR THEIR LDL 2393 01:40:16,163 --> 01:40:21,202 CHOLESTEROL WITH OR WITHOUT 2394 01:40:21,202 --> 01:40:21,469 STATINS. 2395 01:40:21,469 --> 01:40:25,072 SEEING WHAT WAS GOING ON WITH 2396 01:40:25,072 --> 01:40:26,240 THE MINORITY GROUPS AND SO 2397 01:40:26,240 --> 01:40:27,074 THAT'S WHERE MY RESEARCH FOCUS 2398 01:40:27,074 --> 01:40:30,444 IS ON. 2399 01:40:30,444 --> 01:40:34,949 WE HYPOTHESIZED THE STRATEGIES 2400 01:40:34,949 --> 01:40:37,017 DO WORK AND WANTED TO TEST THEM 2401 01:40:37,017 --> 01:40:39,053 BY FOCUSSING ON TWO PRIMARY 2402 01:40:39,053 --> 01:40:39,320 AIMS. 2403 01:40:39,320 --> 01:40:40,721 THE FIRST LOOKED AT EXAMINING 2404 01:40:40,721 --> 01:40:44,525 SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN 2405 01:40:44,525 --> 01:40:46,594 THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIET 2406 01:40:46,594 --> 01:40:48,929 QUALITY AND DYSLIPIDEMIA AND THE 2407 01:40:48,929 --> 01:40:51,031 PROFILE AND LOOKING AT THE 2408 01:40:51,031 --> 01:40:53,901 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TWO 2409 01:40:53,901 --> 01:40:56,337 STRATEGIES ON DISLIPIDEMIA AND 2410 01:40:56,337 --> 01:40:56,737 PROFILE. 2411 01:40:56,737 --> 01:40:59,039 WE LOOKED AT THE JACKSON HEART 2412 01:40:59,039 --> 01:41:03,177 STUDY DATA. 2413 01:41:03,177 --> 01:41:11,418 IT CONSISTS OF THOSE LIVING IN 2414 01:41:11,418 --> 01:41:21,795 JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI. 2415 01:41:24,899 --> 01:41:31,038 AND LEAVES US WITH A SAMPLE SIZE 2416 01:41:31,038 --> 01:41:41,315 OF INDIVIDUALS. 2417 01:41:48,822 --> 01:41:51,058 THE HIGHER THE SCORE THE 2418 01:41:51,058 --> 01:41:53,627 HEALTHIER THE DIET AND THE CUT 2419 01:41:53,627 --> 01:41:54,662 OFF WAS FIVE. 2420 01:41:54,662 --> 01:41:56,597 SO FIVE AND HIGHER WAS 2421 01:41:56,597 --> 01:42:00,267 INDICATIVE OF A HEALTHIER DIET 2422 01:42:00,267 --> 01:42:02,970 AND BELOW FIVE WAS INDICATIVE OF 2423 01:42:02,970 --> 01:42:07,041 A POORER DIET AND LOOKED AT 2424 01:42:07,041 --> 01:42:11,912 STATIN THERAPY AND THE ATP III 2425 01:42:11,912 --> 01:42:14,281 GUIDELINE AND WE CONDUCTED 2426 01:42:14,281 --> 01:42:16,951 SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS FOR AIM 2427 01:42:16,951 --> 01:42:17,718 1 USING THE CORRELATION ANALYSIS 2428 01:42:17,718 --> 01:42:24,291 BETWEEN DIET SCORE AND LIPIDS IN 2429 01:42:24,291 --> 01:42:27,828 DYSLIPIDEMIA STRATIFIED BY SEX 2430 01:42:27,828 --> 01:42:31,799 AND WE LOOKED AT DIET SCORE 2431 01:42:31,799 --> 01:42:37,304 BETWEEN LIPIDS AND DYSLIPIDEMIA. 2432 01:42:37,304 --> 01:42:42,242 THE TABLE REPRESENTS THE 2433 01:42:42,242 --> 01:42:42,843 CHARACTERISTICS. 2434 01:42:42,843 --> 01:42:48,582 OF THE 257,000 PARTICIPANTS, 77% 2435 01:42:48,582 --> 01:42:53,587 HAD DYSLIPIDEMIA AND A LARGE 2436 01:42:53,587 --> 01:42:54,221 PROPORTION WERE FEMALES 2437 01:42:54,221 --> 01:42:57,224 REPRESENTING ALMOST 62% OF THE 2438 01:42:57,224 --> 01:43:07,468 STUDY SAMPLE. 2439 01:43:08,502 --> 01:43:11,071 IT WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 2440 01:43:11,071 --> 01:43:11,672 DYSLIPIDEMIA. 2441 01:43:11,672 --> 01:43:13,540 IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE WHILE BMI 2442 01:43:13,540 --> 01:43:21,448 WAS VATE VATED -- ELEVATED IT 2443 01:43:21,448 --> 01:43:22,683 HIGHER AMONG THOSE WITH 2444 01:43:22,683 --> 01:43:23,050 DYSLIPIDEMIA. 2445 01:43:23,050 --> 01:43:25,285 WHEN WE MOVE TO STATINS IT WAS 2446 01:43:25,285 --> 01:43:35,829 VERY INTERESTING FOR US TO SEE 2447 01:43:37,231 --> 01:43:39,033 THAT DATA CORROBORATED 2448 01:43:39,033 --> 01:43:41,869 INDIVIDUALS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA 2449 01:43:41,869 --> 01:43:43,937 THOUGH LESS LIKELY TO RECEIVE 2450 01:43:43,937 --> 01:43:44,538 STATINS. 2451 01:43:44,538 --> 01:43:50,978 ONLY 8% REPORTED USE COMPARED TO 2452 01:43:50,978 --> 01:43:58,819 MEN WHO REPORTED STATIN USE. 2453 01:43:58,819 --> 01:44:03,357 WHEN WE LOOK AT DIET IT WAS POOR 2454 01:44:03,357 --> 01:44:05,793 FOR FEMALE AND MALE CASE AND 2455 01:44:05,793 --> 01:44:06,060 CONTROL. 2456 01:44:06,060 --> 01:44:07,828 HOWEVER, AN INTERESTING FACT IS 2457 01:44:07,828 --> 01:44:11,065 TO SEE THE DIET SCORE WAS ONLY 2458 01:44:11,065 --> 01:44:14,802 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANTLY 2459 01:44:14,802 --> 01:44:17,171 ASSOCIATED WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA IN 2460 01:44:17,171 --> 01:44:18,939 FEMALE NOT MALE. 2461 01:44:18,939 --> 01:44:20,674 IT SAYS HOW DIET CAN BE A 2462 01:44:20,674 --> 01:44:23,777 CONTRIBUTOR WE NEED TO LOOK AT 2463 01:44:23,777 --> 01:44:24,311 AMONG MALE. 2464 01:44:24,311 --> 01:44:29,583 AMONG FEMALE AN INTERESTING FACT 2465 01:44:29,583 --> 01:44:32,252 WE SAW IN THE RESULT IS THE DIET 2466 01:44:32,252 --> 01:44:34,321 SCORE WAS ELEVATED AMONG CASES 2467 01:44:34,321 --> 01:44:35,189 IN FEMALE AND I'LL TOUCH MORE ON 2468 01:44:35,189 --> 01:44:45,599 THAT IN THE NEXT SLIDES. 2469 01:44:49,903 --> 01:44:52,706 IT SHOWS DESPITE BEING ON 2470 01:44:52,706 --> 01:44:56,610 STATINS ABOUT 63% OF THOSE 2471 01:44:56,610 --> 01:44:59,179 INDIVIDUALS STILL HAD ABNORMAL 2472 01:44:59,179 --> 01:45:01,715 LIPID LEVEL AND STILL UNABLE TO 2473 01:45:01,715 --> 01:45:04,118 CONTROL WHILE BEING ON STATINS. 2474 01:45:04,118 --> 01:45:05,986 MOST WERE STILL STRUGGLING WITH 2475 01:45:05,986 --> 01:45:10,124 THEIR LDL CHOLESTEROL. 2476 01:45:10,124 --> 01:45:11,558 THAT'S A RED FLAG FOR A 2477 01:45:11,558 --> 01:45:12,192 CLINICIAN LIKE ME. 2478 01:45:12,192 --> 01:45:16,263 MOVING FORWARD WITH THE DIET AND 2479 01:45:16,263 --> 01:45:17,998 DYSLIPIDEMIA ASSOCIATION WE CAN 2480 01:45:17,998 --> 01:45:20,134 REPORT THE DIET SCORE WAS 2481 01:45:20,134 --> 01:45:22,402 ASSOCIATED WITH LDL CHOLESTEROL 2482 01:45:22,402 --> 01:45:32,880 AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN FEMALE. 2483 01:45:34,114 --> 01:45:35,983 THIS WAS SUPPOSED TO FOCUS ON IS 2484 01:45:35,983 --> 01:45:39,887 THE DYSLIPIDEMIA AND LDL EFFECT. 2485 01:45:39,887 --> 01:45:44,024 WHAT WE SAW IS THAT LDL WAS 2486 01:45:44,024 --> 01:45:45,292 POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH DIET 2487 01:45:45,292 --> 01:45:45,626 SCORE. 2488 01:45:45,626 --> 01:45:47,561 A HEALTHIER THE DIET THE HIGHER 2489 01:45:47,561 --> 01:45:50,397 THE LDL AND HERE WHAT WE CAN 2490 01:45:50,397 --> 01:45:52,065 THINK ABOUT IS FIRST LOOKING AT 2491 01:45:52,065 --> 01:45:53,400 THE LIMITATION OF OUR STUDY 2492 01:45:53,400 --> 01:45:55,202 WHICH WAS A CROSS-SECTIONAL 2493 01:45:55,202 --> 01:45:57,671 ANALYSIS AND ONLY BASED ON THE 2494 01:45:57,671 --> 01:45:58,138 BASELINE DATA. 2495 01:45:58,138 --> 01:46:00,474 AS THE INDIVIDUALS WERE GETTING 2496 01:46:00,474 --> 01:46:06,180 ENROLLED IN THE STUDY, BUT 2497 01:46:06,180 --> 01:46:11,051 SECOND WE CAN THINK ABOUT THE 2498 01:46:11,051 --> 01:46:12,619 REVERSE CAUSALITY AND FOR 2499 01:46:12,619 --> 01:46:14,688 PATIENTS WHO ARE WOMEN, 50 AND 2500 01:46:14,688 --> 01:46:17,090 ORDERLY WITH A KNOWN CHRONIC 2501 01:46:17,090 --> 01:46:17,758 DISEASE PRIMARILY CARDIOVASCULAR 2502 01:46:17,758 --> 01:46:19,827 DISEASE IS WHAT I KNOW ABOUT, 2503 01:46:19,827 --> 01:46:21,461 THESE INDIVIDUALS TEND TO ADOPT 2504 01:46:21,461 --> 01:46:23,030 A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE AS SOON AS 2505 01:46:23,030 --> 01:46:24,598 THEY KNOW ABOUT THEIR DIAGNOSIS. 2506 01:46:24,598 --> 01:46:29,269 WHAT WE CAN ASSUME HERE IS THAT 2507 01:46:29,269 --> 01:46:30,704 THOSE PARTICIPANTS ALREADY KNEW 2508 01:46:30,704 --> 01:46:33,574 ABOUT THEIR DIAGNOSIS AND HAD 2509 01:46:33,574 --> 01:46:35,042 ALREADY STARTED ADOPTING 2510 01:46:35,042 --> 01:46:36,310 HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE PRIMARILY 2511 01:46:36,310 --> 01:46:40,247 DIET THAT IS HEALTHIER. 2512 01:46:40,247 --> 01:46:42,916 WHEN WE LOOK AT THE INTERACTION 2513 01:46:42,916 --> 01:46:44,051 BETWEEN DIET SCORE AND STATIN IT 2514 01:46:44,051 --> 01:46:45,519 WAS INTERESTING TOO BECAUSE WHAT 2515 01:46:45,519 --> 01:46:50,090 WE OBSERVED IS STATIN AND 2516 01:46:50,090 --> 01:46:51,358 HEALTHY DIETS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY 2517 01:46:51,358 --> 01:46:54,228 ASSOCIATED WITH A DECREASE IN 2518 01:46:54,228 --> 01:46:59,032 LDL CHOLESTEROL BY ALMOST TWO 2519 01:46:59,032 --> 01:47:02,436 FOLD WITH A SLIGHT INCREASE IN 2520 01:47:02,436 --> 01:47:05,105 LDL AND BOTH INDICATORS OF THE 2521 01:47:05,105 --> 01:47:10,677 POSITIVE EFFECT OF BOTH DIET AND 2522 01:47:10,677 --> 01:47:14,514 STATINS ON MANAGING DYSLIPIDEMIA 2523 01:47:14,514 --> 01:47:14,815 EFFECTIVELY. 2524 01:47:14,815 --> 01:47:17,217 WHAT OUR DATA ANALYSIS REPORTS 2525 01:47:17,217 --> 01:47:18,652 IS FEWER FEMALE PARTICIPANTS 2526 01:47:18,652 --> 01:47:23,023 ABOUT 8% WERE ON STATINS WHILE 2527 01:47:23,023 --> 01:47:25,225 HAVING DYSLIPIDEMIA COMPARED TO 2528 01:47:25,225 --> 01:47:28,996 MALE PARTICIPANTS 21% OF THE 2529 01:47:28,996 --> 01:47:29,663 SAMPLE. 2530 01:47:29,663 --> 01:47:32,199 63% OF PARTICIPANTS ON STATINS 2531 01:47:32,199 --> 01:47:34,234 STILL HAD UNCONTROLLED LIPID 2532 01:47:34,234 --> 01:47:37,838 PROFILE AND WE ALSO SHOWED THAT 2533 01:47:37,838 --> 01:47:39,806 WHEN A HEALTHY DIET IS TAKEN 2534 01:47:39,806 --> 01:47:43,043 WITH STATINS IT'S EFFECTIVE IN 2535 01:47:43,043 --> 01:47:45,846 REDUCING LDL CHOLESTEROL AND 2536 01:47:45,846 --> 01:47:49,316 INCREASING LDL AND DECREASING 2537 01:47:49,316 --> 01:47:50,384 THE LIKELIHOOD OF HAVING 2538 01:47:50,384 --> 01:47:58,825 DYSLIPIDEMIA. 2539 01:47:58,825 --> 01:48:03,964 FIRST, WE'RE STILL STRUGGLING TO 2540 01:48:03,964 --> 01:48:10,771 HA 2541 01:48:10,771 --> 01:48:13,307 HAVE TO LOOK AT CONTRIBUTORS OF 2542 01:48:13,307 --> 01:48:16,643 DIET QUALITY AND LOOKING AT 2543 01:48:16,643 --> 01:48:18,111 SOCIAL DETERMINATES OF HEALTH 2544 01:48:18,111 --> 01:48:18,879 LIKE CULTURAL PREFERENCES AND 2545 01:48:18,879 --> 01:48:22,049 HOW DO WE MOVE FORWARD WITH THAT 2546 01:48:22,049 --> 01:48:23,550 WILL PRIMARILY FOCUS ON THAT 2547 01:48:23,550 --> 01:48:24,785 BECAUSE WHAT THIS IS SHOWING US 2548 01:48:24,785 --> 01:48:28,789 IS THAT WE KNOW WHAT WORKS. 2549 01:48:28,789 --> 01:48:31,792 A HEALTHY DIET COMBINED WITH 2550 01:48:31,792 --> 01:48:32,259 STATIN WORKS BETTER. 2551 01:48:32,259 --> 01:48:37,197 MOVING FORWARD WE HAVE TO FOCUS 2552 01:48:37,197 --> 01:48:39,633 ON THOSE FACTORS THAT ARE 2553 01:48:39,633 --> 01:48:40,634 INFLUENCING THE IMPLEMENTATION 2554 01:48:40,634 --> 01:48:42,135 OF THE KNOWN STRATEGIES AND THAT 2555 01:48:42,135 --> 01:48:44,771 IS A FOCUS OF MY RESEARCH MOVING 2556 01:48:44,771 --> 01:48:47,107 FORWARD WHERE WE WILL BE LOOKING 2557 01:48:47,107 --> 01:48:49,209 AT PRECISION NUTRITION TO 2558 01:48:49,209 --> 01:48:50,043 ADDRESS HEALTH EQUITY AND HOW WE 2559 01:48:50,043 --> 01:48:51,645 WANT TO FOCUS ON THAT IS LOOKING 2560 01:48:51,645 --> 01:48:53,914 AT TWO LENSES. 2561 01:48:53,914 --> 01:48:56,016 THE FIRST WILL BE THE BIOLOGICAL 2562 01:48:56,016 --> 01:48:57,217 FACTORS LOOKING AT SEX 2563 01:48:57,217 --> 01:49:02,789 DIFFERENCES AND THE GENETIC 2564 01:49:02,789 --> 01:49:06,393 RISK. 2565 01:49:06,393 --> 01:49:10,831 THEY ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE A 2566 01:49:10,831 --> 01:49:12,966 CONCENTRATED LDL AND LOOK AT 2567 01:49:12,966 --> 01:49:14,701 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND THIS 2568 01:49:14,701 --> 01:49:17,070 SHOWS IT DOESN'T MATTER IF WE 2569 01:49:17,070 --> 01:49:22,509 HAVE THE BEST DRUG IF OUR 2570 01:49:22,509 --> 01:49:25,345 PARTICIPANTS OR OUR PATIENTS 2571 01:49:25,345 --> 01:49:28,515 AREN'T TAKING THEM, SO WHAT IT 2572 01:49:28,515 --> 01:49:30,951 DOESN'T WORK AND LOOKING AT DIET 2573 01:49:30,951 --> 01:49:31,985 QUALITY AND SOCIAL DETERMINATES 2574 01:49:31,985 --> 01:49:35,055 OF HEALTH, LOOKING AT PATIENT 2575 01:49:35,055 --> 01:49:37,357 ENGAGEMENT ESPECIALLY THOSE 2576 01:49:37,357 --> 01:49:40,660 UNDER REPRESENTED MINORITY GROUP 2577 01:49:40,660 --> 01:49:41,828 WHO HAVE HISTORICALLY BEEN 2578 01:49:41,828 --> 01:49:42,596 NEGLECTED IN RESEARCH. 2579 01:49:42,596 --> 01:49:44,865 MOVING FORWARD I'LL HAVE THE TWO 2580 01:49:44,865 --> 01:49:52,005 LENSES INTEGRATED IN MULTI-LEVEL 2581 01:49:52,005 --> 01:49:55,075 INTERVENTION STUDY THAT THAT 2582 01:49:55,075 --> 01:49:56,510 WILL USE THE DATA WE HAVE 2583 01:49:56,510 --> 01:49:58,011 INCLUDING WITH WHAT I HAVE 2584 01:49:58,011 --> 01:50:00,180 REPORTED NOW AND SOME GENETIC 2585 01:50:00,180 --> 01:50:07,054 ANALYSIS WE'RE CONDUCTING AND 2586 01:50:07,054 --> 01:50:16,263 ALSO USING FOOD AS MEDICINE 2587 01:50:16,263 --> 01:50:17,230 PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHY DIET 2588 01:50:17,230 --> 01:50:23,070 AND TAKING THAT AS AN ADVANTAGE 2589 01:50:23,070 --> 01:50:33,613 FOR US TO HAVE THIS CONVERSATION 2590 01:50:34,448 --> 01:50:36,116 TO DIG DEEPER AND WHY THEY'RE 2591 01:50:36,116 --> 01:50:37,417 NOT BE PRESCRIBED FOR FEMALE AND 2592 01:50:37,417 --> 01:50:39,052 WHY THEY'RE LESS LIKELY TO 2593 01:50:39,052 --> 01:50:45,292 CONTINUE TAKING STATINS WHEN 2594 01:50:45,292 --> 01:50:52,532 PRESCRIBED. 2595 01:50:52,532 --> 01:50:54,401 THE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE OF 2596 01:50:54,401 --> 01:50:55,535 WOMEN'S HEALTH HAVE BEEN 2597 01:50:55,535 --> 01:50:57,504 TREMENDOUS IN SUPPORTING ME WITH 2598 01:50:57,504 --> 01:50:59,539 THIS TALK AND THE SCHOOL OF 2599 01:50:59,539 --> 01:51:01,842 NURSING AND MY MENTORING 2600 01:51:01,842 --> 01:51:02,809 COMMUNITY AND THOSE EXTRAMURAL 2601 01:51:02,809 --> 01:51:05,579 MENTORS THAT HAVE BEEN CRITICAL 2602 01:51:05,579 --> 01:51:08,181 IN ACCESSING THE JACKSON HEART 2603 01:51:08,181 --> 01:51:08,482 DATA. 2604 01:51:08,482 --> 01:51:14,621 SO NIAAA AND THOSE WHO HAVE 2605 01:51:14,621 --> 01:51:16,857 FACILITATED ACCESS TO THE 2606 01:51:16,857 --> 01:51:18,058 JACKSON HEART AND HAD HELPED ME 2607 01:51:18,058 --> 01:51:19,326 WITH THE DATA ANALYSIS. 2608 01:51:19,326 --> 01:51:29,503 THANK YOU. 2609 01:51:38,712 --> 01:51:40,347 >> HAVE YOU CONSIDERED THE ROLE 2610 01:51:40,347 --> 01:51:42,616 OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ARE YOU 2611 01:51:42,616 --> 01:51:44,918 CONTROLLING FOR THAT AND WOMEN 2612 01:51:44,918 --> 01:51:46,186 ARE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS ACTIVE 2613 01:51:46,186 --> 01:51:49,756 THAN MEN TYPICALLY AND OF COURSE 2614 01:51:49,756 --> 01:51:51,892 THAT MAY PLAY A ROLE. 2615 01:51:51,892 --> 01:51:55,061 >> WE REPORTED THE STATISTICAL 2616 01:51:55,061 --> 01:51:58,031 SIGNIFICANT RESULTS AND WE DID 2617 01:51:58,031 --> 01:52:01,101 LOOK AT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND IT 2618 01:52:01,101 --> 01:52:03,036 WAS NOT STATISTICALLY 2619 01:52:03,036 --> 01:52:04,237 SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATED WITH 2620 01:52:04,237 --> 01:52:05,705 DYSLIPIDEMIA IN OUR GROUP AND WE 2621 01:52:05,705 --> 01:52:07,307 WERE NOT SURPRISED BY THAT. 2622 01:52:07,307 --> 01:52:09,476 AGAIN, THESE WERE WOMEN IN THEIR 2623 01:52:09,476 --> 01:52:12,245 UPP 2624 01:52:12,245 --> 01:52:15,615 UPPER 50s AND TENDED NOT TO BE 2625 01:52:15,615 --> 01:52:16,917 AS PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AS WE'D 2626 01:52:16,917 --> 01:52:17,751 LIKE THEM TO. 2627 01:52:17,751 --> 01:52:19,386 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT 2628 01:52:19,386 --> 01:52:19,719 PRESENTATION. 2629 01:52:19,719 --> 01:52:23,056 IT'S VERY IMPORTANT TOPIC. 2630 01:52:23,056 --> 01:52:25,125 HAVE YOU ANALYZED OR DO YOU HAVE 2631 01:52:25,125 --> 01:52:28,795 DATA ON THE TYPE OF AND THOSE 2632 01:52:28,795 --> 01:52:31,231 STATINS, HIGH, MODERATE OR LOW 2633 01:52:31,231 --> 01:52:31,498 INTENSITY? 2634 01:52:31,498 --> 01:52:38,104 >> UNFORTUNATELY WE DID NOT. 2635 01:52:38,104 --> 01:52:48,648 AT THE BASELINE WE ARE ENGAGING 2636 01:52:53,587 --> 01:52:55,288 INDIVIDUALS IN WHAT I MENTIONED 2637 01:52:55,288 --> 01:52:58,758 THE FOOD IS MEDICINE PROGRAM. 2638 01:52:58,758 --> 01:53:02,796 WE HAVE A PRESCRIPTION PROGRAM 2639 01:53:02,796 --> 01:53:05,031 AND WE DO ASK WHETHER OR NOT 2640 01:53:05,031 --> 01:53:06,266 THEY'RE TAKING STATIN, WHAT TYPE 2641 01:53:06,266 --> 01:53:08,668 THEY'RE TAKING AND FOR HOW LONG 2642 01:53:08,668 --> 01:53:11,037 THEY HAVE KNOWN ABOUT THEIR 2643 01:53:11,037 --> 01:53:21,214 DIAGNOSIS. 2644 01:53:22,916 --> 01:53:25,018 >> THANK YOU INTERESTING WORK 2645 01:53:25,018 --> 01:53:26,186 AND LOOKING AT PREVENTION LONG 2646 01:53:26,186 --> 01:53:26,686 TERM. 2647 01:53:26,686 --> 01:53:29,889 AS A PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN I'M 2648 01:53:29,889 --> 01:53:35,328 OFTEN STRUCK BY HOW LOW THE RISK 2649 01:53:35,328 --> 01:53:41,835 SCORING IS FOR WOMEN WHEN I SAW 2650 01:53:41,835 --> 01:53:43,370 THE BASELINE AGE AND BY THE 2651 01:53:43,370 --> 01:53:46,906 SCORING SYSTEM MANY DON'T REACH 2652 01:53:46,906 --> 01:53:48,108 THE THRESHOLD WE GENERALLY 2653 01:53:48,108 --> 01:53:49,376 CONSIDER STATIN THERAPY. 2654 01:53:49,376 --> 01:53:50,543 I DON'T KNOW ENOUGH ABOUT 2655 01:53:50,543 --> 01:53:53,013 JACKSON HEART TO SEE IF YOU WERE 2656 01:53:53,013 --> 01:53:57,050 CALCULATE AN ASCVD RISK SCORE 2657 01:53:57,050 --> 01:53:58,251 SAYING ACCORDING TO GUIDELINES 2658 01:53:58,251 --> 01:54:01,288 BECAUSE WE'RE NOT USING THE LDL 2659 01:54:01,288 --> 01:54:03,023 LEVEL AS OUR DECISION MAKING 2660 01:54:03,023 --> 01:54:05,925 CRITERIA UNLESS IT'S BEYOND A 2661 01:54:05,925 --> 01:54:07,394 CERTAIN BOUND IF YOU WERE ABLE 2662 01:54:07,394 --> 01:54:09,829 TO ADD THAT INTO THE DATA YOU 2663 01:54:09,829 --> 01:54:10,363 HAVE AVAILABLE. 2664 01:54:10,363 --> 01:54:12,699 HOW MANY WOULD HAVE BEEN 2665 01:54:12,699 --> 01:54:14,734 INDICATED TO BE ON STATINS BASED 2666 01:54:14,734 --> 01:54:15,769 ON THE BASELINE DATA. 2667 01:54:15,769 --> 01:54:17,003 >> THAT'S A VERY GOOD POINT. 2668 01:54:17,003 --> 01:54:22,742 WE HAVE THE DATA ON THAT. 2669 01:54:22,742 --> 01:54:32,285 WE WANTED TO LOOK AT THE LIPID 2670 01:54:32,285 --> 01:54:34,054 AND SEEING WHAT DIET AND 2671 01:54:34,054 --> 01:54:35,055 EXERCISE IS INFLUENCING AND 2672 01:54:35,055 --> 01:54:39,326 WE'RE LOOKING AT THE K12 FOR THE 2673 01:54:39,326 --> 01:54:41,528 DIFFERENT LIPID PROFILES AND THE 2674 01:54:41,528 --> 01:54:43,063 OTHER SUBCLASSES NOT BEING 2675 01:54:43,063 --> 01:54:47,167 LOOKED AT WITH THE RISK SCORES 2676 01:54:47,167 --> 01:54:50,236 AND OTHER GUIDELINE S CURRENTLY 2677 01:54:50,236 --> 01:54:52,105 USED IN CLINIC. 2678 01:54:52,105 --> 01:54:55,508 FOR EXAMPLE, THE SMALL DENSE 2679 01:54:55,508 --> 01:54:57,844 LDL. 2680 01:54:57,844 --> 01:55:00,780 THE LARGE BUOYANT LDL I'M 2681 01:55:00,780 --> 01:55:01,147 DIGGING DEEPER. 2682 01:55:01,147 --> 01:55:02,615 THAT'S A GOOD POINT WE'LL HAVE 2683 01:55:02,615 --> 01:55:03,149 TO LOOK AT. 2684 01:55:03,149 --> 01:55:04,617 >> I LOOK FORWARD TO THAT FUTURE 2685 01:55:04,617 --> 01:55:04,884 RESEARCH. 2686 01:55:04,884 --> 01:55:13,860 >> THANK YOU. 2687 01:55:13,860 --> 01:55:15,362 >> GREAT PRESENTATION IT. WAS 2688 01:55:15,362 --> 01:55:17,630 GREAT TO HEAR INTEREST INDICT. 2689 01:55:17,630 --> 01:55:23,470 MY QUESTION IS ABOUT SOME DATA 2690 01:55:23,470 --> 01:55:23,703 THERE. 2691 01:55:23,703 --> 01:55:27,107 WHEN YOU SHOWED THE TABLE I WAS 2692 01:55:27,107 --> 01:55:27,774 WONDERING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 2693 01:55:27,774 --> 01:55:28,375 THE MODELS. 2694 01:55:28,375 --> 01:55:31,044 >> GOOD POINT. 2695 01:55:31,044 --> 01:55:36,683 THANK YOU FOR CATCHING THAT. 2696 01:55:36,683 --> 01:55:39,018 IT'S BASED ON WHAT WE CONTROLLED 2697 01:55:39,018 --> 01:55:42,088 FOR. 2698 01:55:42,088 --> 01:55:45,558 IN MODEL ONE WE DIDN'T INCLUDE 2699 01:55:45,558 --> 01:55:47,460 THE COVARIATE INCLUDING INCOME, 2700 01:55:47,460 --> 01:55:49,429 EDUCATION LEVEL AS WELL AS 2701 01:55:49,429 --> 01:55:59,739 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. 2702 01:56:14,754 --> 01:56:19,426 >> IT WAS THE WHOLE SAMPLE OF 2703 01:56:19,426 --> 01:56:23,062 THE DYSLIPIDEMIA SO 2704 01:56:23,062 --> 01:56:27,066 NONO 2705 01:56:27,066 --> 01:56:29,369 NN 2706 01:56:29,369 --> 01:56:30,503 NOT DISSEGREGATED. 2707 01:56:30,503 --> 01:56:32,539 >> YOU WERE SAYING THE FUTURE 2708 01:56:32,539 --> 01:56:36,476 PLAN WAS OF THE FUTURE PLAN IS 2709 01:56:36,476 --> 01:56:40,280 LOOKING AT THE SUB GROUPS. 2710 01:56:40,280 --> 01:56:44,250 IN WOMEN, PREMENOPAUSAL VERSUS 2711 01:56:44,250 --> 01:56:46,619 POST MENOPAUSAL COULD HAVE A 2712 01:56:46,619 --> 01:56:47,053 DIFFERENT RESPONSE. 2713 01:56:47,053 --> 01:56:48,655 >> ABSOLUTELY. 2714 01:56:48,655 --> 01:56:52,058 AND ME MAIN REASON IS THAT WE 2715 01:56:52,058 --> 01:56:54,761 KNOW HORMONAL CHANGES HAVE AN 2716 01:56:54,761 --> 01:56:56,830 INFLUENCE ON CHOLESTEROL. 2717 01:56:56,830 --> 01:57:00,700 ACTUALLY, AS WE MOVE INTO 2718 01:57:00,700 --> 01:57:04,404 MENOPAUSE SO WOMEN TEND TO HAVE 2719 01:57:04,404 --> 01:57:07,273 A HIGHER HDL BUT THE PROTECTIVE 2720 01:57:07,273 --> 01:57:10,743 EFFECT IS LOST MOVING INTO 2721 01:57:10,743 --> 01:57:11,277 MENOPAUSE. 2722 01:57:11,277 --> 01:57:15,315 LOOKING AT PRE MENOPAUSAL VERSUS 2723 01:57:15,315 --> 01:57:17,517 POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN IS THE 2724 01:57:17,517 --> 01:57:19,319 LAST STEP IN MY RESEARCH. 2725 01:57:19,319 --> 01:57:21,020 >> ONE LAST SUGGESTION BECAUSE 2726 01:57:21,020 --> 01:57:24,324 YOU USED THE DIETARY SCORE WITH 2727 01:57:24,324 --> 01:57:34,567 THE SERVINGS. 2728 01:57:36,336 --> 01:57:37,337 IF IT'S NOT -- 2729 01:57:37,337 --> 01:57:40,507 >> WE CONTROLLED FOR ENERGY. 2730 01:57:40,507 --> 01:57:42,242 ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE 2731 01:57:42,242 --> 01:57:47,380 BMI THAT ELEVATED WE WANTED TO 2732 01:57:47,380 --> 01:57:48,948 KNOW OR CONTROL FOR THE ENERGY 2733 01:57:48,948 --> 01:57:49,983 INTAKE AND IT WAS CONTROLLED 2734 01:57:49,983 --> 01:57:51,050 FOR. 2735 01:57:51,050 --> 01:58:01,127 >> THANK YOU. 2736 01:58:01,127 --> 01:58:03,796 >> WERE YOU ABLE TO DETERMINE 2737 01:58:03,796 --> 01:58:05,532 THE REASON WHY THESE WOMEN WERE 2738 01:58:05,532 --> 01:58:07,667 NOT TAKING THIS STATIN MEDICINE 2739 01:58:07,667 --> 01:58:09,736 WAS BECAUSE THE PHYSICIANS DID 2740 01:58:09,736 --> 01:58:11,104 NOT PRESCRIBE IT OR WAS IT 2741 01:58:11,104 --> 01:58:13,573 BECAUSE THE PATIENT WAS NOT IN 2742 01:58:13,573 --> 01:58:14,841 COMPLIANCE WITH THE PHYSICIAN'S 2743 01:58:14,841 --> 01:58:17,844 INSTRUCTIONS FOR TAKING THE 2744 01:58:17,844 --> 01:58:19,779 MEDICATION, OR THIRDLY REFUSAL 2745 01:58:19,779 --> 01:58:24,951 ON THE PART OF THE PATIENTS TO 2746 01:58:24,951 --> 01:58:35,228 TAKE THE STATIN? 2747 01:58:35,662 --> 01:58:37,764 >> BASED ON THE LITERATURE IT'S 2748 01:58:37,764 --> 01:58:39,032 BASED ON ALL THREE FACTORS YOU 2749 01:58:39,032 --> 01:58:40,233 JUST LISTED. 2750 01:58:40,233 --> 01:58:43,036 WE KNOW BASED ON WHAT HAS BEEN 2751 01:58:43,036 --> 01:58:44,070 REPORTED IN THE PAST THAT 2752 01:58:44,070 --> 01:58:47,040 PHYSICIANS TEND TO LESS LIKELY 2753 01:58:47,040 --> 01:58:49,742 BE PRESCRIBING STATINS TO FEMALE 2754 01:58:49,742 --> 01:58:52,045 AND STATIN AS AN EFFECTIVE LEVEL 2755 01:58:52,045 --> 01:58:54,047 AND ALSO KNOW WOMEN TEND NOT TO 2756 01:58:54,047 --> 01:58:55,181 TAKE THE MEDICATION AFTER BEING 2757 01:58:55,181 --> 01:59:05,425 PRESCRIBED IT. 2758 01:59:07,226 --> 01:59:09,195 IN CLINIC THERE'S SIDE EFFECTS 2759 01:59:09,195 --> 01:59:10,730 AND THAT'S ONE OF THE MAJOR 2760 01:59:10,730 --> 01:59:11,297 FACTORS FOR NOT TAKING THE 2761 01:59:11,297 --> 01:59:12,832 MEDICATION. 2762 01:59:12,832 --> 01:59:16,135 AND THAT'S THE MAIN REASON WHY I 2763 01:59:16,135 --> 01:59:17,170 WENT TO THAT RESEARCH. 2764 01:59:17,170 --> 01:59:18,571 THEY WERE TELLING ME IT'S NOT 2765 01:59:18,571 --> 01:59:21,240 WORKING FOR ME AND I DON'T KNOW 2766 01:59:21,240 --> 01:59:22,308 WHAT CHOLESTEROL IS. 2767 01:59:22,308 --> 01:59:23,176 WHEN HAVE YOU HIGH BLOOD 2768 01:59:23,176 --> 01:59:25,178 PRESSURE YOU CAN FEEL IT. 2769 01:59:25,178 --> 01:59:26,913 WHEN YOU HAVE HIGH BLOOD SUGAR 2770 01:59:26,913 --> 01:59:29,048 YOU CAN FEEL IT BUT CHOLESTEROL 2771 01:59:29,048 --> 01:59:31,050 IS NOT UNTIL THE END WHEN 2772 01:59:31,050 --> 01:59:31,951 THERE'S AN CARDIOVASCULAR 2773 01:59:31,951 --> 01:59:37,490 ACCIDENT YOU KNOW YOU HAVE AN 2774 01:59:37,490 --> 01:59:44,364 ELEVATED CHOLESTEROL. 2775 01:59:44,364 --> 01:59:45,632 MOVING FORWARD THAT'S WHAT WE 2776 01:59:45,632 --> 01:59:50,470 NEED TO INVESTIGATE. 2777 01:59:50,470 --> 01:59:53,039 WE NEED TO WHILE IT'S GREAT TO 2778 01:59:53,039 --> 01:59:54,974 INVESTIGATE HOW THE STRATEGIES 2779 01:59:54,974 --> 01:59:58,978 ARE WORKING WE NEED TO 2780 01:59:58,978 --> 02:00:01,481 INVESTIGATE THE IMPLEMENTATION 2781 02:00:01,481 --> 02:00:04,584 AND MAKE SURE PHYSICIANS ARE 2782 02:00:04,584 --> 02:00:06,653 PRESCRIBING AT THE RIGHT DOSE TO 2783 02:00:06,653 --> 02:00:11,958 THESE WOMEN AND CREATE A SUPPORT 2784 02:00:11,958 --> 02:00:16,396 SYSTEM IN PLACE FOR THOSE 2785 02:00:16,396 --> 02:00:18,464 PATIENTS TO TAKE WHAT'S 2786 02:00:18,464 --> 02:00:19,065 RECOMMENDED. 2787 02:00:19,065 --> 02:00:29,242 >> INTERESTING RESEARCH. 2788 02:00:29,242 --> 02:00:31,044 I'M CURIOUS ABOUT THE DIET. 2789 02:00:31,044 --> 02:00:34,447 WAS ANY SPECIFIC COMPONENT OF 2790 02:00:34,447 --> 02:00:38,518 THE MULTI-COMPONENT DIET SCORE 2791 02:00:38,518 --> 02:00:39,652 DRIVING SOME OF THAT AFFECT 2792 02:00:39,652 --> 02:00:42,088 WHETHER IT WAS SUGAR SWEETENED 2793 02:00:42,088 --> 02:00:43,189 BEVERAGES BEING HIGH OR 2794 02:00:43,189 --> 02:00:46,826 CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLES BEING 2795 02:00:46,826 --> 02:00:47,126 LOW. 2796 02:00:47,126 --> 02:00:49,529 JUST CURIOUS. 2797 02:00:49,529 --> 02:00:54,734 >> THAT'S INTERESTING. 2798 02:00:54,734 --> 02:01:01,774 AND WHAT IS DRIVING THE CORE 2799 02:01:01,774 --> 02:01:01,974 DOWN? 2800 02:01:01,974 --> 02:01:03,876 WE NEED TO STOP AND NOT DIG 2801 02:01:03,876 --> 02:01:04,143 DEEPER. 2802 02:01:04,143 --> 02:01:11,050 WHEN WE LOOKED AT ALL THAT WE 2803 02:01:11,050 --> 02:01:15,054 SAW THE HIGHER INTAKE OF SUGAR 2804 02:01:15,054 --> 02:01:25,598 SWEETENED DIET AND RED MEAT WAS 2805 02:01:28,968 --> 02:01:31,037 PREVALENCE OF THE FRESH FRUIT 2806 02:01:31,037 --> 02:01:33,973 AND VEGETABLES AND PLAYED INTO 2807 02:01:33,973 --> 02:01:35,041 THE LOW DIET SCORE. 2808 02:01:35,041 --> 02:01:45,351 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 2809 02:01:58,397 --> 02:02:03,035 >> ON BEHALF OF THE MPI OF THE 2810 02:02:03,035 --> 02:02:04,103 TUFT BIRCWH OR OTHER BIRCWH 2811 02:02:04,103 --> 02:02:06,139 SCHOLARS I SEE YOU HERE TODAY, 2812 02:02:06,139 --> 02:02:09,242 ON BEHALF OF THE MENTORS LISTED 2813 02:02:09,242 --> 02:02:12,145 ON THE SLIDE IT'S OUR GREAT 2814 02:02:12,145 --> 02:02:14,313 PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE OUR NEXT 2815 02:02:14,313 --> 02:02:14,914 PRESENTATION. 2816 02:02:14,914 --> 02:02:17,283 DR. RAMOS JOINED TUFT'S AS A 2817 02:02:17,283 --> 02:02:19,285 FACULTY MEMBER IN 2022 IN THE 2818 02:02:19,285 --> 02:02:21,788 DEPARTMENT OF OB-GYN AND 2819 02:02:21,788 --> 02:02:26,392 COMPLETED HIS UNDERGRADUATE WORK 2820 02:02:26,392 --> 02:02:29,428 AT AMHERST AND RESIDENCY WITH 2821 02:02:29,428 --> 02:02:31,664 BROWN WOMEN AND INFANTS. 2822 02:02:31,664 --> 02:02:34,133 HE WAS BORN IN GUATEMALA AND 2823 02:02:34,133 --> 02:02:36,469 IMMIGRATED TO THE U.S. AT THE 2824 02:02:36,469 --> 02:02:37,503 AGE OF 8 DURING THE CIVIL WAR IN 2825 02:02:37,503 --> 02:02:39,372 198 8. 2826 02:02:39,372 --> 02:02:41,774 THE FIRST IN HIS FAMILY TO 2827 02:02:41,774 --> 02:02:42,775 GRADUATE FROM COLLEGE. 2828 02:02:42,775 --> 02:02:46,679 HE BEGAN HIS CAREER FIRST IN 2829 02:02:46,679 --> 02:02:48,714 ADVOCACY FOR MARGINALIZED 2830 02:02:48,714 --> 02:02:51,050 COMMUNITIES BOTH SERVING AS A 2831 02:02:51,050 --> 02:02:57,557 MANAGER OF A NON FOR PROFIT 2832 02:02:57,557 --> 02:02:59,025 ADDRESSING RESOURCES TO UNDER 2833 02:02:59,025 --> 02:03:00,092 REPRESENTED COMMUNITIES. 2834 02:03:00,092 --> 02:03:01,594 HE TOOK THAT PASSION AND 2835 02:03:01,594 --> 02:03:03,262 ADVOCACY INTO HIS MEDICAL CAREER 2836 02:03:03,262 --> 02:03:06,232 AND HAS LED A NUMBER OF DEI 2837 02:03:06,232 --> 02:03:10,736 EFFORTS INCLUDING STARTING THE 2838 02:03:10,736 --> 02:03:12,538 FIRST LOCAL CHAPTER OF THE 2839 02:03:12,538 --> 02:03:13,139 LATINO MEDICAL STUDENT 2840 02:03:13,139 --> 02:03:15,041 ORGANIZATION AT U-MASS TO 2841 02:03:15,041 --> 02:03:17,743 SUPPORT RECRUITMENT OF UNDER 2842 02:03:17,743 --> 02:03:20,880 REPRESENTED MINORITIES INTO 2843 02:03:20,880 --> 02:03:25,017 MEDICAL SCHOOL AND DEVELOPED THE 2844 02:03:25,017 --> 02:03:30,656 LBTQ PLUS IN THE AREA FOR 2845 02:03:30,656 --> 02:03:32,491 SUPPORT IN THE MEDICAL SCHOOL 2846 02:03:32,491 --> 02:03:34,894 AND SERVED ON DEVELOPING A 2847 02:03:34,894 --> 02:03:38,965 CURRICULUM FOR THE CARE TO 2848 02:03:38,965 --> 02:03:42,568 GENDER-NON-CONFORMING 2849 02:03:42,568 --> 02:03:43,769 INDIVIDUALS. 2850 02:03:43,769 --> 02:03:51,544 HIS RESEARCH NOW IT'S MY 2851 02:03:51,544 --> 02:03:55,014 DISTINCT PLEASURE TO WELCOME YOU 2852 02:03:55,014 --> 02:04:05,458 TO GIVE THE PRESENTATION. 2853 02:04:25,611 --> 02:04:29,282 >> I'D LIKE TO TALK ABOUT NE 2854 02:04:29,282 --> 02:04:30,950 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STRUCTURAL 2855 02:04:30,950 --> 02:04:35,021 RACISM AND BLACK-WHITE INFACT 2856 02:04:35,021 --> 02:04:35,621 MORTALITY DISPARITY IN THE 2857 02:04:35,621 --> 02:04:36,289 UNITED STATES. 2858 02:04:36,289 --> 02:04:38,658 IT'S THE DEATH OF AN INFANT 2859 02:04:38,658 --> 02:04:43,062 WITHIN A ONE YEAR OF BIRTH AND 2860 02:04:43,062 --> 02:04:47,199 REFLECTS PLED MEDICAL OUTCOMES 2861 02:04:47,199 --> 02:04:49,268 AND USED TO ASSESS THE HEALTH OF 2862 02:04:49,268 --> 02:04:50,670 A SOCIETY HERE IN THE UNITED 2863 02:04:50,670 --> 02:04:51,871 STATES AND WORLDWIDE. 2864 02:04:51,871 --> 02:04:55,541 YET DESPITE BEING ONE OF THE 2865 02:04:55,541 --> 02:04:59,045 WEALTH NATIONS IN THE WORLD THE 2866 02:04:59,045 --> 02:05:00,313 UNITED STATES HAS ONE OF THE 2867 02:05:00,313 --> 02:05:02,448 HIGHEST INFANT MORTALITY RATES 2868 02:05:02,448 --> 02:05:03,950 COMPARED TO OTHER HIGH RESOURCED 2869 02:05:03,950 --> 02:05:04,216 COUNTRIES. 2870 02:05:04,216 --> 02:05:06,619 THE UNITED STATES HAD AN INFANT 2871 02:05:06,619 --> 02:05:12,158 MORTALITY RATE OF 5.4 PER 2872 02:05:12,158 --> 02:05:14,026 100,000 RANKING BELOW BULGARIA 2873 02:05:14,026 --> 02:05:17,396 IN THIS IMPORTANT MARKER. 2874 02:05:17,396 --> 02:05:21,334 UNFORTUNATELY, INFANT MORTALITY 2875 02:05:21,334 --> 02:05:26,505 RATE IS NOT ONLY HIGHER IN THE 2876 02:05:26,505 --> 02:05:28,941 UNITED STATES BUT IN 2021 THE 2877 02:05:28,941 --> 02:05:32,445 CDC REPORTED THE INFANT 2878 02:05:32,445 --> 02:05:34,313 MORTALITY WAS MORE THAN DOUBLE 2879 02:05:34,313 --> 02:05:37,550 FOR THE NON-HISPANIC WHITE 2880 02:05:37,550 --> 02:05:47,093 POPULATION OF 4.4. 2881 02:05:47,093 --> 02:05:54,000 WE INCREASED MEDICAL ADVANCES 2882 02:05:54,000 --> 02:05:56,335 THAT IS THE FOCUS OF MY 2883 02:05:56,335 --> 02:05:57,937 RESEARCH. 2884 02:05:57,937 --> 02:06:01,340 CLINICAL MEDICINE LOOKED AT LOW 2885 02:06:01,340 --> 02:06:03,042 BIRTH WEIGHT WITHOUT MUCH 2886 02:06:03,042 --> 02:06:05,111 EVIDENCE OF A BIOLOGICAL 2887 02:06:05,111 --> 02:06:07,113 EVIDENCE BETWEEN GROUPS. 2888 02:06:07,113 --> 02:06:09,915 UNFORTUNATELY, THIS PARADIGM OB 2889 02:06:09,915 --> 02:06:13,019 SECURES KEY PATHWAYS THAT 2890 02:06:13,019 --> 02:06:14,887 ADVERSE OUTCOMES AND 2891 02:06:14,887 --> 02:06:15,521 IMPLICATIONS OF CARE. 2892 02:06:15,521 --> 02:06:18,057 WE'RE MISSING OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2893 02:06:18,057 --> 02:06:19,558 MEANINGFUL INTERVENTIONS AND 2894 02:06:19,558 --> 02:06:22,061 ALLOWING RACIAL DISPARITIES TO 2895 02:06:22,061 --> 02:06:22,962 PERSIST. 2896 02:06:22,962 --> 02:06:25,531 RECENTLY, A PARADIGM SHIFT HAS 2897 02:06:25,531 --> 02:06:27,933 EMERGED THAT USED RACISM AS A 2898 02:06:27,933 --> 02:06:29,135 RISK FACTOR RATHER THAN AN 2899 02:06:29,135 --> 02:06:30,336 INDIVIDUAL'S RACE. 2900 02:06:30,336 --> 02:06:31,604 THIS EXPOSURE TO RACISM BEING 2901 02:06:31,604 --> 02:06:35,041 NOTED AS A RISK FACTOR ALLOWS 2902 02:06:35,041 --> 02:06:36,909 RESEARCH TO INVESTIGATE POSSIBLE 2903 02:06:36,909 --> 02:06:42,515 PHYSIOLOGIC PATHWAYS FOR ADVERSE 2904 02:06:42,515 --> 02:06:45,851 OUTCOMES AND FIND MITIGATING 2905 02:06:45,851 --> 02:06:47,420 STRATEGIES BASED ON THE RESEARCH 2906 02:06:47,420 --> 02:06:49,555 AT THE INSTITUTIONAL AND 2907 02:06:49,555 --> 02:06:51,057 SOCIETAL LEVEL TO ADDRESS THE 2908 02:06:51,057 --> 02:06:53,893 HEALTH DISPARITIES. 2909 02:06:53,893 --> 02:06:55,528 RESEARCH HAS DEMONSTRATED SOCIAL 2910 02:06:55,528 --> 02:06:56,729 DETERMINATES OF HEALTH ARE 2911 02:06:56,729 --> 02:06:59,031 SIGNIFICANT DRIVERS OF HEALTH 2912 02:06:59,031 --> 02:07:01,033 DISPARITIES AND THEIR MAGNITUDE 2913 02:07:01,033 --> 02:07:04,236 IS SOMETHING HEALTH RESEARCHERS 2914 02:07:04,236 --> 02:07:05,738 CONTINUE TO STUDY AND THE 2915 02:07:05,738 --> 02:07:06,939 CIRCUMSTANCES ARE MOSTLY 2916 02:07:06,939 --> 02:07:09,341 DETERMINED BY A DISTRIBUTION OF 2917 02:07:09,341 --> 02:07:11,644 MONEY, POWER AND RESOURCES 2918 02:07:11,644 --> 02:07:13,646 WITHIN RACIAL AND ETHNIC LINES. 2919 02:07:13,646 --> 02:07:19,685 WE HAVE BECOME MORE AWARE OF 2920 02:07:19,685 --> 02:07:23,055 STRUCTURAL RACISM IT'S POLICIES 2921 02:07:23,055 --> 02:07:30,362 AND PRACTICES AND NORM THAT 2922 02:07:30,362 --> 02:07:34,200 PERPETUATE CERTAIN GROUPS AND WE 2923 02:07:34,200 --> 02:07:36,869 SEE IT IN HOUSING AND HEALTH 2924 02:07:36,869 --> 02:07:40,072 CARE AND JUSTICE SYSTEM AND 2925 02:07:40,072 --> 02:07:44,944 THEY'RE CORRELATED WITH WORSE 2926 02:07:44,944 --> 02:07:49,715 OUTCOMES FOR CERTAIN GROUPS. 2927 02:07:49,715 --> 02:07:51,450 I'M SURE SOME HAVE DONE RESEARCH 2928 02:07:51,450 --> 02:07:58,357 ON THIS AND TRIED TO QUANTIFY 2929 02:07:58,357 --> 02:08:00,626 STRUCTURAL RACISM. 2930 02:08:00,626 --> 02:08:01,527 AND UNFORTUNATELY THIS 2931 02:08:01,527 --> 02:08:03,295 PARTICULAR APPROACH WAS LIMITED 2932 02:08:03,295 --> 02:08:06,599 BY THE FACT WE KNOW STRUCTURAL 2933 02:08:06,599 --> 02:08:14,473 RACISM IS MULTI-FACTORIAL. 2934 02:08:14,473 --> 02:08:17,143 RESEARCH ATTEMPT TO APROEF IT 2935 02:08:17,143 --> 02:08:19,445 THROUGH A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL VIEW 2936 02:08:19,445 --> 02:08:21,947 AND LOOKING AT THE JUSTICE 2937 02:08:21,947 --> 02:08:24,950 SYSTEM, EMPLOYMENT, ECONOMIC 2938 02:08:24,950 --> 02:08:25,184 STATUS. 2939 02:08:25,184 --> 02:08:29,488 HOWEVER, OTHER LIMITATIONS 2940 02:08:29,488 --> 02:08:32,191 INCLUDE THE DIMENSION NOT 2941 02:08:32,191 --> 02:08:32,691 CONSIDERED. 2942 02:08:32,691 --> 02:08:35,027 IN DISEASE AND SCALES HAVE BEEN 2943 02:08:35,027 --> 02:08:36,529 CONSTRUCTED LIKELY AT THE STATE 2944 02:08:36,529 --> 02:08:39,031 LEVEL AND TRIED TO ADDRESS THE 2945 02:08:39,031 --> 02:08:43,235 PREVIOUS LIMITATIONS HOWEVER, A 2946 02:08:43,235 --> 02:08:47,573 LOT OF THOSE WERE NOTE ADDRESSED 2947 02:08:47,573 --> 02:08:51,043 ON THEORY AND A TEAM USED THE 2948 02:08:51,043 --> 02:08:54,880 CONCEPTUAL THEORY THAT SOCIETY 2949 02:08:54,880 --> 02:08:57,683 IS INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL 2950 02:08:57,683 --> 02:09:00,819 DISCRIMINATION INFLUENCING HE 2951 02:09:00,819 --> 02:09:03,022 HEALTH OF BLACK PEOPLE AND THIS 2952 02:09:03,022 --> 02:09:05,191 IS THE FRAMEWORK USED NORD 2953 02:09:05,191 --> 02:09:07,126 CREATE A NEW NOVEL ON STRUCTURAL 2954 02:09:07,126 --> 02:09:17,570 INDEX AT THE COUNTY LEVEL. 2955 02:09:18,304 --> 02:09:21,974 THERE ARE WITH FIVE STRUCTURAL 2956 02:09:21,974 --> 02:09:22,675 DOMAINS. 2957 02:09:22,675 --> 02:09:24,143 THE EQUATION MODEL WAS COMPARED 2958 02:09:24,143 --> 02:09:25,744 AND THE MODEL WITH THE BEST FIT 2959 02:09:25,744 --> 02:09:35,888 CHOSEN. 2960 02:09:40,459 --> 02:09:43,329 AND THIS BECAME THE STRUCTURAL 2961 02:09:43,329 --> 02:09:47,967 RACISM INDEX. 2962 02:09:47,967 --> 02:09:50,402 THAT WERE FIVE VARIABLES AT THE 2963 02:09:50,402 --> 02:09:53,172 COUNTY LEVEL AND THAT INCLUDED 2964 02:09:53,172 --> 02:09:54,406 INCARCERATION THE BLACK TO WHITE 2965 02:09:54,406 --> 02:09:58,277 PROPORTION OF POPULATIONS 2966 02:09:58,277 --> 02:09:59,411 JAILED, EDUCATION THE PROPORTION 2967 02:09:59,411 --> 02:10:01,647 WITHOUT A HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE. 2968 02:10:01,647 --> 02:10:06,785 ECONOMIC STATUS WHICH IS THE 2969 02:10:06,785 --> 02:10:09,388 RACIAL OPPORTUNITY GAP 2970 02:10:09,388 --> 02:10:11,056 EMPLOYMENT AND THE BLACK TO 2971 02:10:11,056 --> 02:10:13,225 WHITE RATIO AND SEGREGATION 2972 02:10:13,225 --> 02:10:14,226 WHICH IS THE SIMILARITY. 2973 02:10:14,226 --> 02:10:17,463 THIS IS A PARTICULAR MEASURE 2974 02:10:17,463 --> 02:10:19,064 THAT LOOKS AT THE DIFFERENTIAL 2975 02:10:19,064 --> 02:10:19,798 DISTRIBUTION OF TWO POPULATION 2976 02:10:19,798 --> 02:10:25,404 GROUPS. 2977 02:10:25,404 --> 02:10:29,708 THIS SHOWS THE SCORE FOR THE 181 2978 02:10:29,708 --> 02:10:32,911 COUNTIES WE WERE ABLE TO OBTAIN 2979 02:10:32,911 --> 02:10:34,179 SCORES FOR. 2980 02:10:34,179 --> 02:10:37,583 RED INDICATES HIGHER STRUCTURAL 2981 02:10:37,583 --> 02:10:48,093 RACISM AND GREEN LOWER LEVELS. 2982 02:10:52,564 --> 02:10:55,067 WE SHOULD LOOK AT OTHER 2983 02:10:55,067 --> 02:10:57,636 IMPORTANT HEALTH MARKERS 2984 02:10:57,636 --> 02:10:59,038 INCLUDING INCOME MORTALITY AND 2985 02:10:59,038 --> 02:11:01,040 LOOK AT STRUCTURAL RACISM INDEX 2986 02:11:01,040 --> 02:11:04,677 AND THE FACTOR SCORE TO THE 2987 02:11:04,677 --> 02:11:07,046 BLACK-WHITE DISPARITY AT THE 2988 02:11:07,046 --> 02:11:13,585 U.S. COUNTY LEVEL. 2989 02:11:13,585 --> 02:11:16,322 WE USED THE BIRTH STUDIES 2990 02:11:16,322 --> 02:11:20,159 RECORDS FROM 2016 TO 2019. 2991 02:11:20,159 --> 02:11:21,894 THESE WERE IMPORTANT SINCE WE 2992 02:11:21,894 --> 02:11:28,367 WERE LINK TO BIOS AND THE COUNTY 2993 02:11:28,367 --> 02:11:30,035 OF BIRTH. 2994 02:11:30,035 --> 02:11:36,375 WE CALCULATED THE RATES AND PER 2995 02:11:36,375 --> 02:11:41,447 THOUSAND BLACK DEATHS AND THE 2996 02:11:41,447 --> 02:11:44,550 BLACK TO WHITE RATIO WE EXCLUDED 2997 02:11:44,550 --> 02:11:46,185 COUNTIES WITH LESS THAN 20,000 2998 02:11:46,185 --> 02:11:48,220 DEATH AND COUNTIES WITH LESS 2999 02:11:48,220 --> 02:11:49,588 THAN 50,000 BLACK RESIDENTS AS 3000 02:11:49,588 --> 02:11:53,325 WE WANTED TO FOCUS ON LOCATIONS 3001 02:11:53,325 --> 02:11:55,060 WHERE THERE WAS MITIGATING 3002 02:11:55,060 --> 02:11:57,363 STRATEGIES THAT MAY BE MORE 3003 02:11:57,363 --> 02:11:57,629 IMPACTFUL. 3004 02:11:57,629 --> 02:12:00,165 A PREDICTIVE VARIABLE WAS 3005 02:12:00,165 --> 02:12:01,266 STANDARDIZED FACTOR SCORE FOR 3006 02:12:01,266 --> 02:12:02,835 EACH TO CLARIFY THE FACTOR SCORE 3007 02:12:02,835 --> 02:12:05,738 INDICATES THE NUMBER OF STANDARD 3008 02:12:05,738 --> 02:12:06,905 DEVIATIONS A COUNTY STRUCTURAL 3009 02:12:06,905 --> 02:12:11,043 RACISM SCORE IS FROM THE MEAN 3010 02:12:11,043 --> 02:12:13,779 SET AT ZERO. 3011 02:12:13,779 --> 02:12:18,050 OUR VARIABLE WAS MORTALITY FOR 3012 02:12:18,050 --> 02:12:19,685 EACH COUNTY AND ANALYSES WERE 3013 02:12:19,685 --> 02:12:21,720 PERFORMED AND ACCOUNTED FOR 3014 02:12:21,720 --> 02:12:23,055 EDUCATION, UNEMPLOYMENT AND 3015 02:12:23,055 --> 02:12:29,928 INCOME. 3016 02:12:29,928 --> 02:12:36,535 IT GIVES A VIEW SHOWING HOW ONE 3017 02:12:36,535 --> 02:12:39,037 GROUP FARES AGAINST ANOTHER IT 3018 02:12:39,037 --> 02:12:43,742 HIGHLIGHTS THE MAGNITUDE IN THE 3019 02:12:43,742 --> 02:12:45,043 DISPARITY AND WHEN THERE'S A 3020 02:12:45,043 --> 02:12:47,679 DIFFERENCE OF A RARE OUTCOME 3021 02:12:47,679 --> 02:12:51,049 THERE COULD BE A SIGNIFICANT 3022 02:12:51,049 --> 02:12:51,784 DISPROPORTIONATE DISPARITY AND 3023 02:12:51,784 --> 02:12:53,752 IT'S IMPORTANT TO CAPTURE THAT. 3024 02:12:53,752 --> 02:12:57,055 IT'S A HELPFUL MEASURE WHEN WE 3025 02:12:57,055 --> 02:13:02,528 LOOK AT INFANT MORTALITY WHERE 3026 02:13:02,528 --> 02:13:07,032 ONE GROUP IS DISPROPORTIONATELY 3027 02:13:07,032 --> 02:13:14,006 AFFECTED. 3028 02:13:14,006 --> 02:13:16,508 51 COUNTIES MET INCLUSION 3029 02:13:16,508 --> 02:13:21,613 CRITERIA AND 50% OF THE 3030 02:13:21,613 --> 02:13:26,151 U.S. POPULATION 27.5 MILLION OF 3031 02:13:26,151 --> 02:13:27,386 THE POPULATION ACCOUNTING FOR 3032 02:13:27,386 --> 02:13:28,954 20% OF THE U.S. TOTAL 3033 02:13:28,954 --> 02:13:29,254 POPULATION. 3034 02:13:29,254 --> 02:13:33,625 OVER THE STUDY PERIOD OF 2016 TO 3035 02:13:33,625 --> 02:13:36,195 2019 NON-HISPANIC WHITE INFANT 3036 02:13:36,195 --> 02:13:37,763 MORTALITY RATE WAS 4.9. 3037 02:13:37,763 --> 02:13:40,399 THAT'S COMPARED TO 13.4 FOR THE 3038 02:13:40,399 --> 02:13:42,468 NON-HISPANIC BLACK POPULATION 3039 02:13:42,468 --> 02:13:49,174 AND MORE THAN A 2 .7 POINT 3040 02:13:49,174 --> 02:13:49,475 DIFFERENCE. 3041 02:13:49,475 --> 02:13:50,809 THIS HEAT MAP SHOWS THE LOCATION 3042 02:13:50,809 --> 02:13:53,846 AND MAGNITUDE OF THE WHITE 3043 02:13:53,846 --> 02:13:55,047 INFANT MORTALITY RATE IN 3044 02:13:55,047 --> 02:13:59,384 COUNTIES THAT MET STUDY CRITERIA 3045 02:13:59,384 --> 02:14:01,119 155. 3046 02:14:01,119 --> 02:14:01,720 COUNTIES WITH GREATER THAN 3047 02:14:01,720 --> 02:14:04,156 50,000 BLACK RESIDENTS. 3048 02:14:04,156 --> 02:14:05,858 THIS SHOWS THE SCALE WE USE TO 3049 02:14:05,858 --> 02:14:08,160 GIVE YOU AN IDEA OF THE 3050 02:14:08,160 --> 02:14:10,362 DISPARITY OR DIFFERENCE IN THE 3051 02:14:10,362 --> 02:14:11,563 MORTALITY RATES IN SUBSEQUENT 3052 02:14:11,563 --> 02:14:13,031 SLIDES WITH GREEN INDICATING 3053 02:14:13,031 --> 02:14:14,867 LOWER RATES OF INFANT MORTALITY 3054 02:14:14,867 --> 02:14:16,535 AND RED BEING HIGHER RATES OF 3055 02:14:16,535 --> 02:14:21,640 INFANT MORTALITY. 3056 02:14:21,640 --> 02:14:25,444 THIS HEAT MAP IS THE BLACK 3057 02:14:25,444 --> 02:14:26,712 INFANT MORTALITY RATES IN 3058 02:14:26,712 --> 02:14:27,513 SIMILAR SCALES. 3059 02:14:27,513 --> 02:14:30,449 RED BEING HIGHER AND GREEN 3060 02:14:30,449 --> 02:14:30,649 LOWER. 3061 02:14:30,649 --> 02:14:32,417 THERE'S SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER 3062 02:14:32,417 --> 02:14:35,053 LEVEL OF RED AND ORANGE IN THE 3063 02:14:35,053 --> 02:14:37,856 MAP. 3064 02:14:37,856 --> 02:14:41,159 FINALLY THE MAGNITUDE OF THE 3065 02:14:41,159 --> 02:14:42,761 BLACK TO WHITE STUDIES THAT MET 3066 02:14:42,761 --> 02:14:44,229 CRITERIA WITH DISPARITY BEING AS 3067 02:14:44,229 --> 02:14:54,673 HIGH AS 6 AND AS LOW AS 1. 3068 02:14:56,141 --> 02:14:57,576 WHEN WE LOOKED AT THE 3069 02:14:57,576 --> 02:14:59,044 CORRELATION FROM BLACK TO WHITE 3070 02:14:59,044 --> 02:15:00,078 INFANT MORTALITY RATE WE FOUND 3071 02:15:00,078 --> 02:15:01,713 THEY ALL HAD A POSITIVE 3072 02:15:01,713 --> 02:15:04,082 CORRELATION WITH THE OUTCOME AND 3073 02:15:04,082 --> 02:15:06,118 CONTRIBUTED TO THE EXPECTED 3074 02:15:06,118 --> 02:15:11,056 EFFECT ON INFANT MORTALITY RATE 3075 02:15:11,056 --> 02:15:14,927 DISPARITY. 3076 02:15:14,927 --> 02:15:17,496 A COLORATION LOOK AT THE 3077 02:15:17,496 --> 02:15:18,430 COUNTIES ARE HIGHLIGHTED HERE. 3078 02:15:18,430 --> 02:15:21,767 THE TOP FIVE COUNTRIES WITH THE 3079 02:15:21,767 --> 02:15:22,768 HIGHEST RACISM FACTOR SCORES ARE 3080 02:15:22,768 --> 02:15:24,937 NOTED ON THE COLUMN. 3081 02:15:24,937 --> 02:15:30,876 THE FACTOR SCORE IS HERE IN THE 3082 02:15:30,876 --> 02:15:32,477 RATIO OF BLACK TO WHITE OR 3083 02:15:32,477 --> 02:15:33,211 PRIMARY OUTCOME. 3084 02:15:33,211 --> 02:15:35,881 THE COUNTIES THAT HAD THE 3085 02:15:35,881 --> 02:15:37,549 HIGHEST STRUCTURAL RACISM FACTOR 3086 02:15:37,549 --> 02:15:39,418 SCORES WERE IN NEW YORK COUNTY. 3087 02:15:39,418 --> 02:15:41,987 THIS MANHATTAN WITH THE FACTOR 3088 02:15:41,987 --> 02:15:47,593 SCORE OF 4.65 AND RACIAL 3089 02:15:47,593 --> 02:15:48,493 DISPARITY OF 4.20. 3090 02:15:48,493 --> 02:15:52,664 THE COUNTIES WITH THE LOWEST 3091 02:15:52,664 --> 02:15:53,332 STRUCTURAL RACISM FACTOR SCORES 3092 02:15:53,332 --> 02:15:54,700 AND THEIR CORRESPONDING BLACK TO 3093 02:15:54,700 --> 02:16:04,910 WHITE RATIO ARE ALSO NOTED HERE. 3094 02:16:04,910 --> 02:16:07,045 THE LOWEST SCORE HAD A 3095 02:16:07,045 --> 02:16:15,721 CORRESPONDING RATIO OF 1.68. 3096 02:16:15,721 --> 02:16:17,289 ANOTHER REPRESENTATION THIS IS 3097 02:16:17,289 --> 02:16:20,392 IT THE LINEAR REGRESSION SCATTER 3098 02:16:20,392 --> 02:16:24,296 PLOT THAT SHOWS THE DISPARITY IN 3099 02:16:24,296 --> 02:16:25,998 THE STANDARDIZED FACTOR SCORE. 3100 02:16:25,998 --> 02:16:28,700 THE ANALYSIS INDICATED WE HAVE 3101 02:16:28,700 --> 02:16:34,006 AN R SQUARE OF 2.66, 27% OF THE 3102 02:16:34,006 --> 02:16:36,475 VARIANTS IN BLACK TO WHITE 3103 02:16:36,475 --> 02:16:38,210 DISPARITY IS EXPLAINED BY THE 3104 02:16:38,210 --> 02:16:38,477 INDEX. 3105 02:16:38,477 --> 02:16:40,545 THIS IS SURPRISING GIVEN THE 3106 02:16:40,545 --> 02:16:42,247 COMPLEXITY AND CAUSES OF INFANT 3107 02:16:42,247 --> 02:16:44,249 MORTALITY WE'RE AWARE OF TO SAY 3108 02:16:44,249 --> 02:16:45,951 OUR MODEL WAS ABLE TO PREDICT 3109 02:16:45,951 --> 02:16:47,052 MORE THAN A QUARTER OF THAT 3110 02:16:47,052 --> 02:16:54,092 DISPARITY. 3111 02:16:54,092 --> 02:16:56,928 I'D LIKE TO ORIENT YOU TO THE 3112 02:16:56,928 --> 02:16:58,030 SLIDE. 3113 02:16:58,030 --> 02:17:03,735 THIS PARTICULAR GRAPH SHOWS THE 3114 02:17:03,735 --> 02:17:05,437 PERCENT CHANGE. 3115 02:17:05,437 --> 02:17:07,172 WE LOOK AT DIFFERENT OUTCOMES. 3116 02:17:07,172 --> 02:17:10,075 THE PERCENT CHANGE HERE. 3117 02:17:10,075 --> 02:17:19,818 THE FIRST PART IS THE LACK OR 3118 02:17:19,818 --> 02:17:20,118 N 3119 02:17:20,118 --> 02:17:20,385 DISPARITY. 3120 02:17:20,385 --> 02:17:23,722 WE FOUND THE NON STATISTICALLY 3121 02:17:23,722 --> 02:17:26,591 DIFFERENCE OF INCREASE OF 3.2%. 3122 02:17:26,591 --> 02:17:33,498 NON-HISPANIC BLACK AN INCREASE 3123 02:17:33,498 --> 02:17:37,602 OF 3.2% AND WE FOUND A STRONG 3124 02:17:37,602 --> 02:17:39,037 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT 3125 02:17:39,037 --> 02:17:43,041 DECREASE OF 6.5% IN THAT 3126 02:17:43,041 --> 02:17:48,780 POPULATION. 3127 02:17:48,780 --> 02:17:51,083 WE FOUND THE INCREASE OF 16%. 3128 02:17:51,083 --> 02:17:54,386 THAT MEANT THE RATE, RATIO 3129 02:17:54,386 --> 02:17:56,521 DISPARITY INCREASED BY 16% FOR 3130 02:17:56,521 --> 02:17:58,023 EVERY ONE STANDARD DEVIATION 3131 02:17:58,023 --> 02:17:59,691 INCREASE IN THE FACTOR SCORE. 3132 02:17:59,691 --> 02:18:01,693 ALL WERE ADJUSTED FOR COUNTY 3133 02:18:01,693 --> 02:18:02,994 LEAVE FACTORS INCLUDING 3134 02:18:02,994 --> 02:18:03,562 EDUCATION, UNEMPLOYMENT AND 3135 02:18:03,562 --> 02:18:13,705 INCOME. 3136 02:18:13,939 --> 02:18:16,475 SINCE WE FOUND SOME EVIDENCE TO 3137 02:18:16,475 --> 02:18:19,044 SHOW SIGNIFICANT PROPORTION OR 3138 02:18:19,044 --> 02:18:24,683 PART OF THE DISPARITY HERE MAY 3139 02:18:24,683 --> 02:18:25,650 ATTRIBUTE TO THE NON-HISPANIC 3140 02:18:25,650 --> 02:18:35,961 WHITE POPULATION. 3141 02:18:40,132 --> 02:18:45,537 THOSE THAT LOOKED AT COUNTIES IN 3142 02:18:45,537 --> 02:18:47,839 THE DISPARITY AND EXPLAIN THE 3143 02:18:47,839 --> 02:18:55,046 MAGNITUDE OF THE OBSERVED 3144 02:18:55,046 --> 02:18:55,347 DISPARITIES. 3145 02:18:55,347 --> 02:19:00,318 WE'RE LIMIT ED BECAUSE THERE'S 3146 02:19:00,318 --> 02:19:02,020 MULTIPLE COUNTIES WITH 3147 02:19:02,020 --> 02:19:03,555 NON-HISPANIC BLACK POPULATIONS 3148 02:19:03,555 --> 02:19:04,990 AND WERE UNABLE TO GAIN FACTOR 3149 02:19:04,990 --> 02:19:07,025 SCORES FOR ALL OF THEM AND 3150 02:19:07,025 --> 02:19:09,761 THERE'S NO GOLD STANDARD TO 3151 02:19:09,761 --> 02:19:11,897 MEASURE STANDARD RACISM SO 3152 02:19:11,897 --> 02:19:12,898 EXTERNAL VALIDATION IS DIFFICULT 3153 02:19:12,898 --> 02:19:14,633 BUT WE DID STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 3154 02:19:14,633 --> 02:19:19,037 TO IN TERMLY VALIDATE OUR STUDY 3155 02:19:19,037 --> 02:19:19,304 FINDINGS. 3156 02:19:19,304 --> 02:19:20,639 WE LIMIT OUR STUDY TO 3157 02:19:20,639 --> 02:19:22,741 POPULATIONS WHERE COUNTIES HAVE 3158 02:19:22,741 --> 02:19:28,513 MORE THAN 50,000 BLACK RESIDENTS 3159 02:19:28,513 --> 02:19:31,016 WITH GENERALIZABILITY AND WE 3160 02:19:31,016 --> 02:19:34,052 FEEL WE CAPTURED 70% OF THE 3161 02:19:34,052 --> 02:19:40,826 U.S. HISPANIC BLACK POPULATIONS. 3162 02:19:40,826 --> 02:19:42,828 THERE WAS NO BRIDGE DEMOGRAPHIC 3163 02:19:42,828 --> 02:19:43,728 DATA AND COULDN'T CAPTURE 3164 02:19:43,728 --> 02:19:45,163 PATIENTS WHO IDENTIFIED MORE 3165 02:19:45,163 --> 02:19:46,097 THAN ONE RACE. 3166 02:19:46,097 --> 02:19:47,065 ONLY BLACK RACE WAS NOTED FOR 3167 02:19:47,065 --> 02:19:55,874 THE STUDY. 3168 02:19:55,874 --> 02:19:57,409 WE WERE NOT ABLE TO COUNTY FOR 3169 02:19:57,409 --> 02:19:59,444 RISK FACTORS TO BE ABLE TO 3170 02:19:59,444 --> 02:20:00,679 CONTROL FOR THE COMORBIDITIES 3171 02:20:00,679 --> 02:20:02,247 WHICH WE KNOW ARE ALSO 3172 02:20:02,247 --> 02:20:03,181 ASSOCIATED WITH INFANT 3173 02:20:03,181 --> 02:20:13,358 MORTALITY. 3174 02:20:13,925 --> 02:20:15,360 POPULATION PERSPECTIVE IS 3175 02:20:15,360 --> 02:20:16,328 ESSENTIAL TO UNDERSTANDING 3176 02:20:16,328 --> 02:20:19,698 DISPARITIES AND GIVES A FULLER 3177 02:20:19,698 --> 02:20:21,900 PICTURE OF THE FORMS OF RACISM 3178 02:20:21,900 --> 02:20:23,268 DO INFLUENCE ACTUAL INFANT 3179 02:20:23,268 --> 02:20:23,501 HEALTH. 3180 02:20:23,501 --> 02:20:26,137 AND ALLOWS US TO HAVE A 3181 02:20:26,137 --> 02:20:27,272 CONVERSATION AND UNDERSTAND THAT 3182 02:20:27,272 --> 02:20:30,842 RACISM IS AN EXPOSURE LIKE 3183 02:20:30,842 --> 02:20:31,710 OTHERS AND CAN LEAD TO POOR 3184 02:20:31,710 --> 02:20:38,049 HEALTH OUTCOMES. 3185 02:20:38,049 --> 02:20:40,018 AND WE'RE LOOKING AT INDIVIDUAL 3186 02:20:40,018 --> 02:20:41,486 LEVEL INTERVENTIONS WHEN WE LOOK 3187 02:20:41,486 --> 02:20:47,058 AT HIGHER LEVEL DATA THAT WILL 3188 02:20:47,058 --> 02:20:49,694 HELP FOCUS POLICY AT THE COUNTY 3189 02:20:49,694 --> 02:20:50,829 STATE LEVEL AND INCREASE SUPPORT 3190 02:20:50,829 --> 02:20:55,066 TO LOOK AT RISK MITIGATION IN 3191 02:20:55,066 --> 02:20:56,968 THE TOPICS. 3192 02:20:56,968 --> 02:20:59,037 IN CONCLUSION, STRUCTURAL RACISM 3193 02:20:59,037 --> 02:21:00,972 IS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH 3194 02:21:00,972 --> 02:21:02,774 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN COUNTIES AND 3195 02:21:02,774 --> 02:21:07,746 THE MAGNITUDE OF THE DISPARITIES 3196 02:21:07,746 --> 02:21:10,181 IN INFANT MORTALITY AND HOPE 3197 02:21:10,181 --> 02:21:13,084 WE'LL PURSUE THE MECHANISMS AND 3198 02:21:13,084 --> 02:21:14,119 IDEOLOGIES OF THE DIFFERENCES. 3199 02:21:14,119 --> 02:21:16,655 I'D LIKE TO THANK MY MENTOR FOR 3200 02:21:16,655 --> 02:21:23,561 THEIR SUPPORT DURING THE PROCESS 3201 02:21:23,561 --> 02:21:23,828 SPECIFIC. 3202 02:21:23,828 --> 02:21:33,939 I'LL BE HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS. 3203 02:21:33,939 --> 02:21:36,374 AMAZING PRESENTATION. 3204 02:21:36,374 --> 02:21:38,510 I ALWAYS LOVE PRESENTATIONS 3205 02:21:38,510 --> 02:21:39,477 CENTERED ON STRUCTURAL RACISM SO 3206 02:21:39,477 --> 02:21:40,312 THANK YOU FOR THAT. 3207 02:21:40,312 --> 02:21:45,784 A COUPLE QUESTIONS AND ONE MAY 3208 02:21:45,784 --> 02:21:51,056 BE A VERY SPECIFIC QUESTION I 3209 02:21:51,056 --> 02:21:54,159 WAS WONDERING IF THERE'S A PART 3210 02:21:54,159 --> 02:21:58,763 OF THE RACISM MODEL AND SECONDLY 3211 02:21:58,763 --> 02:22:01,232 WAS THERE ANY NOTE OF THE 3212 02:22:01,232 --> 02:22:04,035 PRESENCE OF MILITARY BASES IN 3213 02:22:04,035 --> 02:22:05,337 SOME OF THE COUNTIES? 3214 02:22:05,337 --> 02:22:10,508 I WAS LOOKING AT CUMBERLAND 3215 02:22:10,508 --> 02:22:12,777 COUNTY AND FORT BRAGG ONE OF THE 3216 02:22:12,777 --> 02:22:14,646 BIGGEST MILITARY INSTALLATIONS 3217 02:22:14,646 --> 02:22:15,914 IS LOCATED THERE AND WONDERING 3218 02:22:15,914 --> 02:22:19,050 IF THAT MAY HAVE ALTERED THE 3219 02:22:19,050 --> 02:22:23,054 RESULTS WHEN REPORTING 3220 02:22:23,054 --> 02:22:25,256 STRUCTURAL RACISM WITHIN SUCH A 3221 02:22:25,256 --> 02:22:26,224 NESTED ENVIRONMENT AS THE 3222 02:22:26,224 --> 02:22:26,591 MILITARY. 3223 02:22:26,591 --> 02:22:27,959 >> THOSE ARE EXCEPTIONALLY GOOD 3224 02:22:27,959 --> 02:22:31,029 QUESTIONS. 3225 02:22:31,029 --> 02:22:35,900 THANK YOU FOR THAT. 3226 02:22:35,900 --> 02:22:39,037 WE LOOKED AT ENVIRONMENTAL 3227 02:22:39,037 --> 02:22:40,605 EXPOSURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IS 3228 02:22:40,605 --> 02:22:45,276 AFFECTING CERTAIN COMMUNITIES 3229 02:22:45,276 --> 02:22:48,546 AND DIDN'T FIND IT CORRELATED AS 3230 02:22:48,546 --> 02:22:50,148 WE WERE EXPECTING AND IT'S AN 3231 02:22:50,148 --> 02:22:51,483 EXAMPLE HOW SCIENCE AND DATA 3232 02:22:51,483 --> 02:22:53,752 GUIDES YOU BUT WE LOOKED AT 3233 02:22:53,752 --> 02:22:54,686 THAT. 3234 02:22:54,686 --> 02:22:55,720 . 3235 02:22:55,720 --> 02:22:58,790 THE FIVE VARIABLES WERE THE BEST 3236 02:22:58,790 --> 02:23:00,258 FIT AND WHAT WE USED FOR THE 3237 02:23:00,258 --> 02:23:00,759 PARTICULAR QUESTION. 3238 02:23:00,759 --> 02:23:02,160 FOR THE SECOND QUESTION, IT'S AN 3239 02:23:02,160 --> 02:23:02,894 EXCELLENT QUESTION. 3240 02:23:02,894 --> 02:23:05,363 WE DID NOT LOOK AT THAT GRANULAR 3241 02:23:05,363 --> 02:23:07,365 TYPE OF DATA LOOKING AT COUNTIES 3242 02:23:07,365 --> 02:23:09,834 WITH MILITARY INSTALLATIONS OR 3243 02:23:09,834 --> 02:23:11,870 ANY SPECIFIC MARKERS LIKE THAT 3244 02:23:11,870 --> 02:23:13,138 BUT THAT'S SOMETHING I MAY 3245 02:23:13,138 --> 02:23:14,973 INTERESTED IN LOOKING AT WHEN I 3246 02:23:14,973 --> 02:23:15,640 GET BACK HOME SO THANK YOU FOR 3247 02:23:15,640 --> 02:23:25,817 THAT IDEA. 3248 02:23:26,651 --> 02:23:28,987 WE FINISHED I PATHWAYS TO 3249 02:23:28,987 --> 02:23:30,388 PREVENTION MEETING AND PROCESS. 3250 02:23:30,388 --> 02:23:33,825 THE INDEPENDENT PANEL REPORT 3251 02:23:33,825 --> 02:23:35,160 WILL BE AVAILABLE ONLINE 3252 02:23:35,160 --> 02:23:44,769 DECEMBER 21. 3253 02:23:44,769 --> 02:23:49,974 WE'RE TRYING TO GEAR AT 3254 02:23:49,974 --> 02:24:00,051 PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND YOUR 3255 02:24:00,051 --> 02:24:03,588 STRUCTURAL RACISM MAY BE HELPFUL 3256 02:24:03,588 --> 02:24:06,791 WHAT RISK MITIGATION STRATEGIES 3257 02:24:06,791 --> 02:24:10,295 MAY BE ATTAINED AND HOW TO BEST 3258 02:24:10,295 --> 02:24:11,029 ASSESS THEIR IMPACT GOING 3259 02:24:11,029 --> 02:24:19,070 FORWARD. 3260 02:24:19,070 --> 02:24:20,772 THE RESEARCH SHOWING MATERNAL 3261 02:24:20,772 --> 02:24:25,944 CARE DESERTS ARE A HUGE 3262 02:24:25,944 --> 02:24:28,880 COMPONENT. 3263 02:24:28,880 --> 02:24:30,882 >> YOU'RE DESCRIBING THE PROBLEM 3264 02:24:30,882 --> 02:24:32,383 I'M ASKING YOU TO POSE A 3265 02:24:32,383 --> 02:24:32,650 SOLUTION? 3266 02:24:32,650 --> 02:24:36,287 >> OF COURSE. 3267 02:24:36,287 --> 02:24:46,698 IF I WAS A BILLIONAIRE. 3268 02:24:54,072 --> 02:24:55,240 THEY'RE GAUGING THE EXPOSURE 3269 02:24:55,240 --> 02:24:56,508 FROM RACISM. 3270 02:24:56,508 --> 02:24:59,677 WE HAVE MULTIPLE SCALES WHO HAVE 3271 02:24:59,677 --> 02:25:01,613 SOMEONE PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION 3272 02:25:01,613 --> 02:25:04,949 BUT WHAT'S THE TOUCH POINTS THE 3273 02:25:04,949 --> 02:25:06,518 PATIENTS HAVE HAD WITH 3274 02:25:06,518 --> 02:25:07,752 STRUCTURAL RACISM TO UNDERSTAND 3275 02:25:07,752 --> 02:25:08,887 THE RISK FACTOR AND INVEST IN 3276 02:25:08,887 --> 02:25:09,354 THE COMMUNITIES. 3277 02:25:09,354 --> 02:25:11,589 OUR PROBLEM IS NOT GOING TO BE 3278 02:25:11,589 --> 02:25:13,057 SOMETHING THAT STARTS WITHIN THE 3279 02:25:13,057 --> 02:25:16,261 COMMUNITY AND GETS LARGER RATHER 3280 02:25:16,261 --> 02:25:22,901 THAN TOP DOWN APPROACH. 3281 02:25:22,901 --> 02:25:25,770 >> THERE'LL BE DIFFERENT 3282 02:25:25,770 --> 02:25:27,071 SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFERENT 3283 02:25:27,071 --> 02:25:28,773 OBSTETRIC DESERTS OR REGIONS AND 3284 02:25:28,773 --> 02:25:34,746 ENCOURAGE YOU TO USE THAT LENS 3285 02:25:34,746 --> 02:25:39,150 BECAUSE IT'S GREAT TO KNOW THAT 3286 02:25:39,150 --> 02:25:40,852 THIS IS IMPACTING THE RATES BUT 3287 02:25:40,852 --> 02:25:43,054 WE NEED TO GO BEYOND COUNTING 3288 02:25:43,054 --> 02:25:50,328 AND DO PREVENTION. 3289 02:25:50,328 --> 02:25:51,996 I'M TRYING TO INSPIRE TO YOU ADD 3290 02:25:51,996 --> 02:25:53,298 THAT INTO YOUR LENS. 3291 02:25:53,298 --> 02:25:58,036 >> FOR ME RIGHT NOW THE 3292 02:25:58,036 --> 02:25:59,204 LITERATURE AND WHAT I THINK 3293 02:25:59,204 --> 02:26:01,472 WE'RE MOVING TOWARDS IS SIMILAR 3294 02:26:01,472 --> 02:26:07,045 TO HEALTH NAVIGATORS IS DOULA 3295 02:26:07,045 --> 02:26:11,015 CARE AND POST NATAL CARE IN THE 3296 02:26:11,015 --> 02:26:12,951 FIRST YEAR AFTER AND THERE'S 3297 02:26:12,951 --> 02:26:14,686 GOOD DATA TO SHOW IT'S A BUFFER 3298 02:26:14,686 --> 02:26:16,721 FROM STRUCTURAL RACISM IN SOME 3299 02:26:16,721 --> 02:26:19,824 WAYS AND ADVOCATE THROUGH THE 3300 02:26:19,824 --> 02:26:21,459 IMPORTANT 12 MONTHS AFTER 3301 02:26:21,459 --> 02:26:24,128 DELIVERY AND PART OF ONGOING 3302 02:26:24,128 --> 02:26:28,233 RESEARCH WHERE IF I HAD A 3303 02:26:28,233 --> 02:26:31,469 MILLION DOLLARS THERE'D BE A 3304 02:26:31,469 --> 02:26:31,703 DOULA. 3305 02:26:31,703 --> 02:26:41,746 >> THANK YOU THFOR ENTERTAININGY 3306 02:26:41,746 --> 02:26:42,280 THOUGHT. 3307 02:26:42,280 --> 02:26:45,550 >> HAVE YOU THOUGHT ABOUT WITH 3308 02:26:45,550 --> 02:26:46,050 EXPLORING POTENTIALLY 3309 02:26:46,050 --> 02:26:48,886 MECHANISTIC APPROACHES TOWARDS 3310 02:26:48,886 --> 02:26:51,055 STRUCTURAL RACISM AND HOW HAVE 3311 02:26:51,055 --> 02:26:53,024 YOU EXPLORED THAT. 3312 02:26:53,024 --> 02:26:58,062 THERE'S THEORIES SUCH ASSAL OWE 3313 02:26:58,062 --> 02:27:03,167 STAT -- ALOE STATIC LOAD. 3314 02:27:03,167 --> 02:27:05,770 >> 3315 02:27:05,770 --> 02:27:07,572 >> FINDING OUT THE HOW. 3316 02:27:07,572 --> 02:27:12,577 THERE'S BEEN RESEARCH SHOWING IN 3317 02:27:12,577 --> 02:27:16,714 PLACENTAL MODELS THERE'S 3318 02:27:16,714 --> 02:27:22,520 MICRORNA MARKERS OF STRESS AND 3319 02:27:22,520 --> 02:27:28,593 GETTING TO POSSIBLY AN EXPOSURE 3320 02:27:28,593 --> 02:27:31,029 COMPONENT AND ALLO STATIC LOAD 3321 02:27:31,029 --> 02:27:32,096 TO MICROAGGRESSIONS IN YOUR LIFE 3322 02:27:32,096 --> 02:27:37,502 TIME CAN HAVE PHYSIOLOGIC 3323 02:27:37,502 --> 02:27:39,070 AFFECTS THAT CAN BECOME ALMOST 3324 02:27:39,070 --> 02:27:42,006 PERMANENT AND CAN'T EXPLAIN THE 3325 02:27:42,006 --> 02:27:43,308 PROTECTIVE FACTORS LIKE IN 3326 02:27:43,308 --> 02:27:46,744 PRETERM BIRTH HIGHER IN 3327 02:27:46,744 --> 02:27:47,478 NON-HISPANIC BLACK WOMEN AND 3328 02:27:47,478 --> 02:27:48,279 INCOME, ETCETERA. 3329 02:27:48,279 --> 02:27:51,049 THINGS WE ASSUME ARE PROTECTIVE 3330 02:27:51,049 --> 02:28:01,592 AND COULD BE RELATED TO SEE IF 3331 02:28:04,329 --> 02:28:09,434 WE CAN GET TO THE MECHANISTIC 3332 02:28:09,434 --> 02:28:13,671 APPROACH OF EXPOSURE AND LOOKS 3333 02:28:13,671 --> 02:28:15,440 TO THE INTERGENERATIONAL HEALTH. 3334 02:28:15,440 --> 02:28:17,241 >> I'M WITH UYC. 3335 02:28:17,241 --> 02:28:23,081 TWO THINGS, IT GOES WITH FORT 3336 02:28:23,081 --> 02:28:29,320 BRAGG I THINK THERE'S A HUGE 3337 02:28:29,320 --> 02:28:30,254 SOMALI POPULATION AND THE SLIDE 3338 02:28:30,254 --> 02:28:31,589 WHERE YOU SHOW THE BOTTOM FIVE 3339 02:28:31,589 --> 02:28:33,157 VERSUS TOP FIVE, DID YOU LOOK AT 3340 02:28:33,157 --> 02:28:34,992 THE INDIVIDUAL FACTORS LIKE WE 3341 02:28:34,992 --> 02:28:40,631 DO FOR SIX DIFFERENCES WE 3342 02:28:40,631 --> 02:28:42,734 STRATIFY ON THAT AND SEE WHAT 3343 02:28:42,734 --> 02:28:43,334 MATTERS MOST. 3344 02:28:43,334 --> 02:28:45,169 WE FOCUS ON THE BAD PEOPLE BUT 3345 02:28:45,169 --> 02:28:48,272 WHAT ARE THE THINGS WORKING AND 3346 02:28:48,272 --> 02:28:49,841 WHY DON'T DON'T WE SEE AN IMPACT 3347 02:28:49,841 --> 02:28:54,445 ON THAT AS WELL. 3348 02:28:54,445 --> 02:28:56,581 >> WE DIDN'T LOOK AT THE 3349 02:28:56,581 --> 02:28:58,649 VARIABLES PER COUNTY BUT THAT'S 3350 02:28:58,649 --> 02:29:01,486 AN INTERESTING APPROACH AND 3351 02:29:01,486 --> 02:29:03,054 PERHAPS COULD ELUCIDATE SOME 3352 02:29:03,054 --> 02:29:04,756 MITIGATING STRATEGIES OF THOSE 3353 02:29:04,756 --> 02:29:07,024 DOING BETTER. 3354 02:29:07,024 --> 02:29:08,159 THANK YOU FOR THAT. 3355 02:29:08,159 --> 02:29:10,628 >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR TALK. 3356 02:29:10,628 --> 02:29:12,630 I'M A BIRCWH SCHOLAR AT THE 3357 02:29:12,630 --> 02:29:16,401 UNIVERSITY. 3358 02:29:16,401 --> 02:29:26,878 MY QUESTION WAS AROUND THE 3359 02:29:31,082 --> 02:29:35,019 HEALTH INEQUITIES RESEARCH THAT 3360 02:29:35,019 --> 02:29:35,686 FOCUSES ON THE OPPRESSED PEOPLE 3361 02:29:35,686 --> 02:29:38,756 AND RARELY DO WE LOOK AT THE 3362 02:29:38,756 --> 02:29:39,157 PRIVILEGES. 3363 02:29:39,157 --> 02:29:41,459 I'VE BEEN IN A LOT OF THE 3364 02:29:41,459 --> 02:29:43,594 QUESTIONS ABOUT AND THIS IS MORE 3365 02:29:43,594 --> 02:29:45,563 A THEORETICAL QUESTION AND WE 3366 02:29:45,563 --> 02:29:47,665 OFTEN DO THIS COMPARISON TO THE 3367 02:29:47,665 --> 02:29:48,800 WHITE POPULATION AND SOMETIMES 3368 02:29:48,800 --> 02:29:50,134 IT'S THIS WHITENESS DISCOURSE 3369 02:29:50,134 --> 02:29:50,935 WHICH IS IMPORTANT BUT AT THE 3370 02:29:50,935 --> 02:29:52,970 SAME TIME AND I KNOW YOU'RE 3371 02:29:52,970 --> 02:29:54,071 LIMITED WITH SELF-IDENTIFIED AND 3372 02:29:54,071 --> 02:30:04,248 ONE RACE AND PEOPLE ARE NOW 3373 02:30:04,248 --> 02:30:05,349 MULTIRACIAL AND HOW DO YOU THINK 3374 02:30:05,349 --> 02:30:07,885 ABOUT THE WHITENESS CONCEPT AND 3375 02:30:07,885 --> 02:30:12,457 COMPARING THAT POPULATION ALL 3376 02:30:12,457 --> 02:30:15,460 THE TIME AND NEXT STEPS AND HOW 3377 02:30:15,460 --> 02:30:17,695 THAT CAN BE PART OF THE AGENDA? 3378 02:30:17,695 --> 02:30:19,330 >> THANK YOU FOR THE EXCELLENT 3379 02:30:19,330 --> 02:30:19,730 QUESTIONS. 3380 02:30:19,730 --> 02:30:22,333 I WOULD SAY ONE OF THE BARRIERS 3381 02:30:22,333 --> 02:30:25,736 IN LARGE DATABASE RESEARCH IS 3382 02:30:25,736 --> 02:30:28,673 THAT THE IDEA OF SELF-REPORTING 3383 02:30:28,673 --> 02:30:30,608 OF RACE AND ETHNICITY IS 3384 02:30:30,608 --> 02:30:32,043 SOMETHING WE STRUGGLE WITH QUITE 3385 02:30:32,043 --> 02:30:32,543 A BIT. 3386 02:30:32,543 --> 02:30:35,613 IN GENERAL VITAL STATISTICS 3387 02:30:35,613 --> 02:30:37,615 DATA, BIRTH CERTIFICATE DATA 3388 02:30:37,615 --> 02:30:41,018 SAYING THE CONCORDANCE BETWEEN 3389 02:30:41,018 --> 02:30:43,054 WHAT IS ON THE BIRTH CERTIFICATE 3390 02:30:43,054 --> 02:30:47,058 AND HOW THAT PERSON IDENTIFIES 3391 02:30:47,058 --> 02:30:55,800 AND IN GENERAL BELOOK AT IN A 3392 02:30:55,800 --> 02:31:01,105 WAY IT'S IT'S A NATURAL 3393 02:31:01,105 --> 02:31:07,578 COMPARISON AND SHOWING A BENEFIT 3394 02:31:07,578 --> 02:31:09,280 RESOURCES ARE NOT FINITE AND 3395 02:31:09,280 --> 02:31:10,648 WHEN YOU'RE COMPETING FOR 3396 02:31:10,648 --> 02:31:12,450 RESOURCES WHETHER AS THE A 3397 02:31:12,450 --> 02:31:14,485 CLINICIANS TIME WE SPENT MORE 3398 02:31:14,485 --> 02:31:16,554 TIMES AT THE BEDSIDE WITH 3399 02:31:16,554 --> 02:31:22,159 CERTAIN RACIAL GROUPS OR INCOME 3400 02:31:22,159 --> 02:31:24,996 OR ACCESS THERE'LL BE A BENEFIT 3401 02:31:24,996 --> 02:31:25,897 TO A PARTICULAR GROUP OVER 3402 02:31:25,897 --> 02:31:33,204 ANOTHER. 3403 02:31:33,204 --> 02:31:38,743 >> GREAT PRESENTATION. 3404 02:31:38,743 --> 02:31:47,051 I RESPECT THE FACT THAT THIS 3405 02:31:47,051 --> 02:31:49,887 HELPS IDENTIFY HOW STRUCTURAL 3406 02:31:49,887 --> 02:31:51,055 RACISM IMPACTS HEALTH EQUITY 3407 02:31:51,055 --> 02:31:52,723 WORK FROM UNDERSTANDING AND 3408 02:31:52,723 --> 02:31:55,059 IDENTIFYING AND UNDERSTANDING 3409 02:31:55,059 --> 02:32:01,832 AND THEN ALLEVIATING AND 3410 02:32:01,832 --> 02:32:03,868 UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISTIC 3411 02:32:03,868 --> 02:32:05,436 CONTRIBUTION TO HEALTH EQUITY. 3412 02:32:05,436 --> 02:32:07,038 JUST WITH ANY SCIENCE WITH 3413 02:32:07,038 --> 02:32:09,840 HEALTH EQUITY SCIENCE WE CAN 3414 02:32:09,840 --> 02:32:11,442 JUST COME AND START SEEING 3415 02:32:11,442 --> 02:32:12,910 MITIGATION STRATEGY IT TAKES A 3416 02:32:12,910 --> 02:32:16,280 SCIENCE TO REALLY MOVE TOWARDS 3417 02:32:16,280 --> 02:32:17,915 THAT SCENARIO LIKE THE PRE TERM 3418 02:32:17,915 --> 02:32:18,115 LABOR. 3419 02:32:18,115 --> 02:32:20,551 WE DIDN'T ASK WHAT IS THE 3420 02:32:20,551 --> 02:32:22,286 SOLUTION TO STOP PRE TERM LABOR. 3421 02:32:22,286 --> 02:32:23,854 I APPRECIATE THAT YOU'RE 3422 02:32:23,854 --> 02:32:26,223 FEEDBACK AND DISCUSSION AND HOW 3423 02:32:26,223 --> 02:32:31,228 THIS HEALTH EQUITY SCIENCE TAKES 3424 02:32:31,228 --> 02:32:36,734 TIME AND SAYING IT'S A SOLUTION 3425 02:32:36,734 --> 02:32:38,202 TO STRUCTURAL RACISM THERE'S 100 3426 02:32:38,202 --> 02:32:38,869 YEARS OF HISTORY. 3427 02:32:38,869 --> 02:32:39,804 THANK YOU FOR YOUR WORK. 3428 02:32:39,804 --> 02:32:42,907 >> THANK YOU FOR THE COMMENT. 3429 02:32:42,907 --> 02:32:45,076 THE HOPE IS ENCOURAGING RESEARCH 3430 02:32:45,076 --> 02:32:46,877 IN THIS PARTICULAR FIELD AND 3431 02:32:46,877 --> 02:32:50,581 LOOKING AT RACISM AS AN EXPOSURE 3432 02:32:50,581 --> 02:32:57,021 LIKE SMOKING OR ANYTHING WE'RE 3433 02:32:57,021 --> 02:32:57,989 AWARE OF CAUSING SIGNIFICANT 3434 02:32:57,989 --> 02:32:58,389 DISPARITIES. 3435 02:32:58,389 --> 02:33:00,625 >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR WORK THAT 3436 02:33:00,625 --> 02:33:01,892 ADDS SO MUCH TO THE FIELD THAT'S 3437 02:33:01,892 --> 02:33:08,499 GROWING. 3438 02:33:08,499 --> 02:33:12,703 I WANT TO ASK YOU IF YOU COULD 3439 02:33:12,703 --> 02:33:13,471 ANALYZE YOUR DATA. 3440 02:33:13,471 --> 02:33:16,173 A NUMBER OF COUNTIES IN THE 3441 02:33:16,173 --> 02:33:17,041 SOUTH ARE DOING QUITE WELL 3442 02:33:17,041 --> 02:33:18,376 THOUGH THEY'D HAVE SOME OF THE 3443 02:33:18,376 --> 02:33:19,910 STRUCTURAL RACISM IN PLACE AND 3444 02:33:19,910 --> 02:33:23,047 LOOKING AT THE CONCEPT OF 3445 02:33:23,047 --> 02:33:24,081 POSITIVE DEVIANCE AND WHETHER 3446 02:33:24,081 --> 02:33:26,117 THERE WOULD BE A WAY TO UNTANGLE 3447 02:33:26,117 --> 02:33:30,721 THE PROTECTIVE FACTORS OCCURRING 3448 02:33:30,721 --> 02:33:32,590 DESPITE THE TERRIBLE ENVIRONMENT 3449 02:33:32,590 --> 02:33:35,026 IN TERMS OF THE STRENGTH OF THE 3450 02:33:35,026 --> 02:33:35,292 COMMUNITY. 3451 02:33:35,292 --> 02:33:41,599 THANK YOU THAT QUESTION. 3452 02:33:41,599 --> 02:33:47,004 WE ASSUME SERB PARTS OF THE 3453 02:33:47,004 --> 02:33:53,110 COUNTRY GIVEN HISTORY AND WE 3454 02:33:53,110 --> 02:33:56,414 FOUND NOT NECESSARILY THEY WERE 3455 02:33:56,414 --> 02:33:57,048 DOING BETTER NO NON-HISPANIC 3456 02:33:57,048 --> 02:33:58,616 BLACK BUT EVERYONE WASN'T DOING 3457 02:33:58,616 --> 02:33:58,816 GREAT. 3458 02:33:58,816 --> 02:34:03,154 EVEN THE NON-HISPANIC WHITE 3459 02:34:03,154 --> 02:34:04,555 POPULATION THOSE SCORES WERE 3460 02:34:04,555 --> 02:34:04,789 HIGHER. 3461 02:34:04,789 --> 02:34:06,691 WHEN WE LOOK AT THE RATIO THAT 3462 02:34:06,691 --> 02:34:11,028 WILL MITIGATE THE NUMBER VERSUS 3463 02:34:11,028 --> 02:34:15,166 IN MANHATTAN YOU WOULD ASSUME IN 3464 02:34:15,166 --> 02:34:18,903 A STATE WITH A GOOD SAFETY NET 3465 02:34:18,903 --> 02:34:23,040 YOU EXPECT SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER 3466 02:34:23,040 --> 02:34:26,210 DISPARITY BUT FOUND IT HIGHER 3467 02:34:26,210 --> 02:34:28,212 AND THE AREAS IN THE SOUTH HAD 3468 02:34:28,212 --> 02:34:29,213 INFANT MORTALITY RATES CLOSE TO 3469 02:34:29,213 --> 02:34:31,015 EACH OTHER AND WHY THE DISPARITY 3470 02:34:31,015 --> 02:34:41,559 DID NOT CAPTURE THAT AS CLEARLY. 3471 02:34:44,662 --> 02:34:46,363 THE LACK OF ACCESS IS THE REASON 3472 02:34:46,363 --> 02:34:48,399 WE FOUND THE FINDINGS THAT WERE 3473 02:34:48,399 --> 02:34:48,666 SURPRISE. 3474 02:34:48,666 --> 02:34:50,835 >> ONE FINAL QUESTION FOR ME, 3475 02:34:50,835 --> 02:34:52,670 THE DOBBS DECISION IS GOINGS TO 3476 02:34:52,670 --> 02:34:54,105 IMPACT OUR COUNTRY IN MANY 3477 02:34:54,105 --> 02:34:59,510 DIFFERENT WAYS AND I WOULD 3478 02:34:59,510 --> 02:35:02,113 ENCOURAGE YOU TO KEEP TRACKING 3479 02:35:02,113 --> 02:35:03,047 THAT OVER TIME. 3480 02:35:03,047 --> 02:35:05,015 >> ABSOLUTELY. 3481 02:35:05,015 --> 02:35:10,287 >> I WAS STRUCK BY THE BENEFIT 3482 02:35:10,287 --> 02:35:13,924 TO A WHITE POPULATION AND THE 3483 02:35:13,924 --> 02:35:14,859 CONVERSATION THAT STRUCTURAL 3484 02:35:14,859 --> 02:35:16,527 RACISM DISADVANTAGES SOME 3485 02:35:16,527 --> 02:35:19,530 POPULATIONS AND BENEFITS OTHERS. 3486 02:35:19,530 --> 02:35:25,936 IN RESIDENCY WE WERE TAUGHT 3487 02:35:25,936 --> 02:35:30,207 WHITE MALES ARE WIMPY AND 3488 02:35:30,207 --> 02:35:31,475 GETTING MORE INTERVENTIONS AND 3489 02:35:31,475 --> 02:35:33,177 ATTENTION AND WONDERING IF 3490 02:35:33,177 --> 02:35:34,945 THERE'S A WAY TO SEPARATE BY 3491 02:35:34,945 --> 02:35:36,747 GENDER OF THE INFANT IF THAT 3492 02:35:36,747 --> 02:35:37,748 EXISTS BECAUSE THAT WOULD BE 3493 02:35:37,748 --> 02:35:39,183 INTERESTING ANALYSIS. 3494 02:35:39,183 --> 02:35:41,118 >> THAT'S AN EXCELLENT ANALYSIS. 3495 02:35:41,118 --> 02:35:42,653 WE HAVE INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL DATA 3496 02:35:42,653 --> 02:35:45,956 AND WE'LL BE ABLE TO CONTROL FOR 3497 02:35:45,956 --> 02:35:48,092 INDIVIDUAL FACTORS AS WELL TO 3498 02:35:48,092 --> 02:35:50,161 SEE IF THIS STILL HOLDS BUT IT'S 3499 02:35:50,161 --> 02:35:51,028 A GREAT IDEA. 3500 02:35:51,028 --> 02:35:55,065 THANK YOU FOR BRINGING THAT UP. 3501 02:35:55,065 --> 02:36:01,172 THANK YOU. 3502 02:36:01,172 --> 02:36:11,649 >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME. 3503 02:36:18,389 --> 02:36:20,291 >> A QUICK ANNOUNCEMENT. 3504 02:36:20,291 --> 02:36:21,692 WE NEED AN EXECUTIVE DECISION 3505 02:36:21,692 --> 02:36:24,562 THAT PEOPLE ARE SO EAGER TO 3506 02:36:24,562 --> 02:36:27,131 EXCHANGE WITH ONE ANOTHER THAT 3507 02:36:27,131 --> 02:36:29,834 WE'RE GOING TO CONTINUE RIGHT ON 3508 02:36:29,834 --> 02:36:32,703 GIVE THE UCSF GROUP THEIR TIME 3509 02:36:32,703 --> 02:36:34,405 AND THEN IF ANYONE NEEDS TO TAKE 3510 02:36:34,405 --> 02:36:36,473 A BIO BREAK, PLEASE DO SO. 3511 02:36:36,473 --> 02:36:41,946 THE LEGACY OF LEADERSHIP TALK 3512 02:36:41,946 --> 02:36:43,080 WILL BE AT 11:05 AND 11:10. 3513 02:36:43,080 --> 02:36:52,890 THANK YOU. 3514 02:36:52,890 --> 02:36:54,592 >> THESE TALKS ABOUT HAVE BEEN 3515 02:36:54,592 --> 02:36:55,826 FABULOUS WITH INTERACTIVE 3516 02:36:55,826 --> 02:36:56,126 DISCUSSION. 3517 02:36:56,126 --> 02:36:57,895 I FEEL MORE ENERGY IN THE ROOM. 3518 02:36:57,895 --> 02:37:00,331 GLAD TO BE HERE IN PERSON. 3519 02:37:00,331 --> 02:37:01,966 CONGRATULATIONS TO THE SCHOLARS. 3520 02:37:01,966 --> 02:37:05,736 I'M CYNTHIA HARPER FROM THE 3521 02:37:05,736 --> 02:37:06,837 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN 3522 02:37:06,837 --> 02:37:12,610 FRANCISCO AND ALONG WITH MY 3523 02:37:12,610 --> 02:37:19,383 MULTI-P.I.s AND OUR SCHOLARS I'M 3524 02:37:19,383 --> 02:37:23,988 PLEASED TO PRESENT OUR DIVISION 3525 02:37:23,988 --> 02:37:28,626 OF RESEARCH PROGRAM DR. MITRO A 3526 02:37:28,626 --> 02:37:30,861 RESEARCH SCIENTIST AT KAISER. 3527 02:37:30,861 --> 02:37:33,864 SHE HAD HER FIRST EXPOSURE TO 3528 02:37:33,864 --> 02:37:38,135 HUMAN SUBJECTS RESEARCH WHILE 3529 02:37:38,135 --> 02:37:42,940 COMPLETING OUR BIOLOGY DEGREE AT 3530 02:37:42,940 --> 02:37:45,242 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE AND LOOKED AT 3531 02:37:45,242 --> 02:37:48,112 WHETHER HUMANS CAN SMELL AGE AND 3532 02:37:48,112 --> 02:37:50,915 BODY ODOR AND TURNS OUT THEY 3533 02:37:50,915 --> 02:37:51,081 CAN. 3534 02:37:51,081 --> 02:37:54,285 SHE TURNED TO WOMEN'S HEALTH 3535 02:37:54,285 --> 02:37:55,953 RESEARCH WITH THE SWAN COHART 3536 02:37:55,953 --> 02:37:58,656 THE STUDY OF WOMEN'S HEALTH 3537 02:37:58,656 --> 02:38:01,759 ACROSS THE NATION YOU'LL HEAR 3538 02:38:01,759 --> 02:38:07,031 HER PRESENT IN HER TALK TODAY 3539 02:38:07,031 --> 02:38:14,538 WITH THE SAME DATA SET AND WAS A 3540 02:38:14,538 --> 02:38:18,142 T32 PREDOCTORAL TRAINEE AT 3541 02:38:18,142 --> 02:38:21,345 HARVARD AND FOUND LEVEL OF PFAS 3542 02:38:21,345 --> 02:38:23,881 ARE ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE 3543 02:38:23,881 --> 02:38:25,416 MATERNAL HEALTH INCLUDING 3544 02:38:25,416 --> 02:38:29,420 POSTPARTUM AND CAME TO NIH FOR A 3545 02:38:29,420 --> 02:38:32,389 FELLOWSHIP STUDYING FIBROIDS IN 3546 02:38:32,389 --> 02:38:34,325 PREGNANCY AND THE AFFECT ON 3547 02:38:34,325 --> 02:38:34,758 NEONATAL HEALTH. 3548 02:38:34,758 --> 02:38:43,033 LAST YEAR WAS RECRUITED FOR THE 3549 02:38:43,033 --> 02:38:45,970 UTERINE FIBROID RISK FOR WHICH 3550 02:38:45,970 --> 02:38:49,974 SHE WON THE REPRODUCTIVE 3551 02:38:49,974 --> 02:38:53,310 SURGEONS PRICED PAPER AWARD AND 3552 02:38:53,310 --> 02:38:57,314 WILL HEAR HER TALK ABOUT 3553 02:38:57,314 --> 02:38:59,717 HYPERTENSION AND UTERINE 3554 02:38:59,717 --> 02:39:09,994 FIBROIDS TODAY. 3555 02:39:15,499 --> 02:39:16,800 >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED 3556 02:39:16,800 --> 02:39:26,010 ATTENTION FOR THE LAST TALK. 3557 02:39:26,010 --> 02:39:32,649 I'M SUSANNA. 3558 02:39:32,649 --> 02:39:34,151 I'M A BIRCWH SCOL AND SWAN STUDY 3559 02:39:34,151 --> 02:39:37,321 AND RECEIVED FUNDING FROM NIH 3560 02:39:37,321 --> 02:39:39,256 AND SOME POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF 3561 02:39:39,256 --> 02:39:43,027 INTERESTS FROM MY CO-AUTHORS AT 3562 02:39:43,027 --> 02:39:43,861 THE BOTTOM. 3563 02:39:43,861 --> 02:39:46,630 LET'S START WITH BACKGROUND. 3564 02:39:46,630 --> 02:39:49,867 WHAT'S A UTERINE FIBROID THEY'RE 3565 02:39:49,867 --> 02:39:53,637 TUMORS THAT OCCUR IN THE WALLS 3566 02:39:53,637 --> 02:40:04,014 OF THE OUTEROUS DEF 3567 02:40:18,429 --> 02:40:19,863 AND DEF AL THEY 3568 02:40:23,300 --> 02:40:25,769 >> THEY HAVE PRESSURE AND PAIN 3569 02:40:25,769 --> 02:40:28,972 AND FATIGUE AND FERTILITY 3570 02:40:28,972 --> 02:40:29,239 ISSUES. 3571 02:40:29,239 --> 02:40:34,645 THEY COST UP TO $19 BILLION TO 3572 02:40:34,645 --> 02:40:38,882 TREAT AND THE NUMBER ONE BENIGN 3573 02:40:38,882 --> 02:40:41,752 INDICATION FOR HYSTERECTOMY. 3574 02:40:41,752 --> 02:40:44,721 DESPITE THE PREVALENCE, ETIOLOGY 3575 02:40:44,721 --> 02:40:45,756 IS NOT COMPLETELY UNDERSTOOD. 3576 02:40:45,756 --> 02:40:47,157 THE GRAPH ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF 3577 02:40:47,157 --> 02:40:57,701 THE SLIDE ILLUSTRATES TWO OF THE 3578 02:41:00,137 --> 02:41:02,272 FACTORS AGE ON AND PREVALENCE. 3579 02:41:02,272 --> 02:41:09,213 AND THE OPEN CIRCLES REPRESENT 3580 02:41:09,213 --> 02:41:10,080 PREVALENCE IN WHITE WOMEN. 3581 02:41:10,080 --> 02:41:13,016 IT INCREASES WITH AGE AND SECOND 3582 02:41:13,016 --> 02:41:15,052 AT ALMOST EVERY AGE BLACK WOMEN 3583 02:41:15,052 --> 02:41:16,887 HAVE A HIGHER PREVALENCE OF 3584 02:41:16,887 --> 02:41:18,522 FIBROIDS THAN WHITE WOMEN. 3585 02:41:18,522 --> 02:41:23,060 THE BLACK RACE AND OLDER AGE 3586 02:41:23,060 --> 02:41:26,063 UNTIL MENOPAUSE ARE IDENTIFIED 3587 02:41:26,063 --> 02:41:26,363 FACTORS. 3588 02:41:26,363 --> 02:41:29,333 FAMILY HISTORY HAS BEEN 3589 02:41:29,333 --> 02:41:30,901 ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER RISK AS 3590 02:41:30,901 --> 02:41:33,871 WELL AS REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS 3591 02:41:33,871 --> 02:41:38,075 SUCH AS LOWER PARITY AND LONGER 3592 02:41:38,075 --> 02:41:41,678 TIME SINCE LAST BIRTH. 3593 02:41:41,678 --> 02:41:44,615 HIGHER BMI HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED 3594 02:41:44,615 --> 02:41:46,283 AND WHAT I'M SHOWING ON THE 3595 02:41:46,283 --> 02:41:47,050 RIGHT SIDE SHOWS THE 3596 02:41:47,050 --> 02:41:52,089 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BMI AND 3597 02:41:52,089 --> 02:41:55,058 FIBROIDS AND BMI ON THE Y AXIS 3598 02:41:55,058 --> 02:41:56,593 AND THIS IS FROM A 3599 02:41:56,593 --> 02:41:56,927 META-ANALYSIS. 3600 02:41:56,927 --> 02:42:01,632 YOU CAN SEE AS BMI INCREASES 3601 02:42:01,632 --> 02:42:03,267 FIBROID ODDS INCREASE TO A POINT 3602 02:42:03,267 --> 02:42:06,403 BETWEEN AROUND BMI28 AND 30 THE 3603 02:42:06,403 --> 02:42:08,739 RISK SEEMS TO LEVEL OUT AND 3604 02:42:08,739 --> 02:42:12,709 MAYBE DECLINE SO A NON-LINEAR 3605 02:42:12,709 --> 02:42:14,077 RELATIONSHIP WITH FIBROIDS. 3606 02:42:14,077 --> 02:42:16,547 AND OTHER RISK FACTORS HAVE BEEN 3607 02:42:16,547 --> 02:42:18,048 TESTED FOR ASSOCIATION WITH 3608 02:42:18,048 --> 02:42:20,083 FIBROIDS FOR MIXED FINDINGS AND 3609 02:42:20,083 --> 02:42:22,319 THE INCLUDE FACTORS LIKE LOW 3610 02:42:22,319 --> 02:42:25,756 VITAMIN D, STRESS, ENVIRONMENTAL 3611 02:42:25,756 --> 02:42:27,858 CHEMICAL EXPOSURES AND SMOKING. 3612 02:42:27,858 --> 02:42:31,161 SO WHY STUDY FIBROIDS? 3613 02:42:31,161 --> 02:42:33,230 FIRST, FIBROIDS ARE VERY COMMON 3614 02:42:33,230 --> 02:42:34,898 AND AS I SAID THEY CAN AFFECT 3615 02:42:34,898 --> 02:42:36,600 QUALITY OF LIFE BUT WE CURRENTLY 3616 02:42:36,600 --> 02:42:39,036 HAVE NO KNOWN WAY TO PREVENT 3617 02:42:39,036 --> 02:42:43,040 FIBROIDS. 3618 02:42:43,040 --> 02:42:43,907 SECOND, HORMONAL THERAPIES WHICH 3619 02:42:43,907 --> 02:42:47,144 ARE OFTEN THE FIRST-LINE 3620 02:42:47,144 --> 02:42:50,614 THERAPIES BECAUSE WE KNOW THEY 3621 02:42:50,614 --> 02:42:51,582 RESPOND ARE SOMETIMES 3622 02:42:51,582 --> 02:42:53,250 INEFFECTIVE AND OTHER TIMES 3623 02:42:53,250 --> 02:42:53,584 INAPPROPRIATE. 3624 02:42:53,584 --> 02:42:56,954 IF A PATIENT WANTS TO CONCEIVE 3625 02:42:56,954 --> 02:42:59,489 TREATING WITH CONTINUOUS ORAL 3626 02:42:59,489 --> 02:43:00,591 CONTRACEPTIVES MAY NOT BE 3627 02:43:00,591 --> 02:43:00,891 APPROPRIATE. 3628 02:43:00,891 --> 02:43:09,333 WE NEED A FERTILITY NEUTRAL WAY 3629 02:43:09,333 --> 02:43:11,602 TO TREAT AND CURRENT TREATMENT 3630 02:43:11,602 --> 02:43:12,236 EVIDENCE IS INSUFFICIENT TO 3631 02:43:12,236 --> 02:43:22,579 GUIDE CLINICAL CARE. 3632 02:43:27,985 --> 02:43:31,922 THERE'S A STOCK EXCHANGE -- 3633 02:43:31,922 --> 02:43:33,890 SYSTEM ON THE LEFT SIDE AND THIS 3634 02:43:33,890 --> 02:43:36,293 IS TRANSFORMED AND LEADS TO 3635 02:43:36,293 --> 02:43:39,029 BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASE AND THE 3636 02:43:39,029 --> 02:43:47,738 ADRENAL GLAND PRODUCES 3637 02:43:47,738 --> 02:43:49,039 ALDOSTERONE AND THIS WORKS BY 3638 02:43:49,039 --> 02:43:59,549 INTERFERING WITH THE PATHWAY. 3639 02:44:00,317 --> 02:44:03,453 ALDOSTERONE AND ANGIOTENSION 2 3640 02:44:03,453 --> 02:44:07,024 CAUSE CELL PROLIFERATION AND IN 3641 02:44:07,024 --> 02:44:09,726 EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES HIGH BLOOD 3642 02:44:09,726 --> 02:44:14,131 PRESSURE AND HYPERTENSION HAVE 3643 02:44:14,131 --> 02:44:18,468 BEEN LINKED TO SURGERY IN 3644 02:44:18,468 --> 02:44:20,504 PROSPECTIVE SURGERY AND ACE 3645 02:44:20,504 --> 02:44:24,641 INHIBITOR USE HAS BEEN USED TO 3646 02:44:24,641 --> 02:44:26,610 REDUCE ODDS OF FIBROID DIAGNOSIS 3647 02:44:26,610 --> 02:44:31,548 THE CLAIMS DATA SUPPORT A 3648 02:44:31,548 --> 02:44:32,516 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGH BLOOD 3649 02:44:32,516 --> 02:44:34,318 PRESSURE AND RISK OF FIBROIDS 3650 02:44:34,318 --> 02:44:36,320 BUT IT HAS LIMITATIONS. 3651 02:44:36,320 --> 02:44:39,022 THE PROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY 3652 02:44:39,022 --> 02:44:41,792 STUDIES ALL RELIED ON 3653 02:44:41,792 --> 02:44:42,826 SELF-REPORTED BLOOD PRESSURE 3654 02:44:42,826 --> 02:44:45,162 WHICH IS GOING TO BE SUBJECT TO 3655 02:44:45,162 --> 02:44:47,197 MEASUREMENT ERROR BECAUSE PEOPLE 3656 02:44:47,197 --> 02:44:49,232 AREN'T ABLE TO ACCURATELY REPORT 3657 02:44:49,232 --> 02:44:50,100 THEIR BLOOD PRESSURE AND THE 3658 02:44:50,100 --> 02:44:53,003 CLAIMS DATA WAS LIMITED BECAUSE 3659 02:44:53,003 --> 02:44:55,038 IT DID NOT COLLECT ON RACE OR 3660 02:44:55,038 --> 02:44:56,707 ETHNICITY OR BMI ASSOCIATED WITH 3661 02:44:56,707 --> 02:44:59,710 RISK OF FIBROIDS AND 3662 02:44:59,710 --> 02:45:02,112 HYPERTENSION AND HAD SHORT 3663 02:45:02,112 --> 02:45:12,289 FOLLOW-UP. 3664 02:45:13,190 --> 02:45:15,359 WE KNOW HOW TO CONTROL BLOOD 3665 02:45:15,359 --> 02:45:20,997 PRESSURE THROUGH LIFESTYLE AND 3666 02:45:20,997 --> 02:45:31,375 MEDICATION TECHNIQUES. 3667 02:45:32,909 --> 02:45:41,184 AND GIVE INSIDE INTO ETIOLOGY. 3668 02:45:41,184 --> 02:45:43,720 IS STUDIED MEASURE HYPERTENSION 3669 02:45:43,720 --> 02:45:48,892 ASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF FIRST 3670 02:45:48,892 --> 02:45:52,329 FIBROID DIAGNOSIS? 3671 02:45:52,329 --> 02:45:55,265 SWAN IS A MULTI-SITE STUDY OF 3672 02:45:55,265 --> 02:45:57,567 300 PARTICIPANTS RECRUITED IN 3673 02:45:57,567 --> 02:46:02,139 THE LATE 1990s AT SEVEN STUDY 3674 02:46:02,139 --> 02:46:04,741 SITES SHOWN ON THE SLIDE AND 3675 02:46:04,741 --> 02:46:06,777 THEY RECRUITED BY RACE AND 3676 02:46:06,777 --> 02:46:08,678 ETHNICITY TO ENSURE THE COHORT 3677 02:46:08,678 --> 02:46:10,480 COULD BE DIVERSE. 3678 02:46:10,480 --> 02:46:12,115 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA BEING 42 TO 3679 02:46:12,115 --> 02:46:15,919 52 YEARS OLD WITH A UTERUS AND 3680 02:46:15,919 --> 02:46:18,588 HAVING A MENSTRUAL PERIOD AND 3681 02:46:18,588 --> 02:46:20,157 NOT USING HORMONAL MEDICATION IN 3682 02:46:20,157 --> 02:46:22,959 THE LAST FEW MONTHS. 3683 02:46:22,959 --> 02:46:26,163 IT'S A MID LIFE COHORT OF PRE 3684 02:46:26,163 --> 02:46:28,999 AND PERI MENOPAUSAL 3685 02:46:28,999 --> 02:46:31,001 PARTICIPANTS. 3686 02:46:31,001 --> 02:46:32,169 AFTER THE FIRST VISIT AT 3687 02:46:32,169 --> 02:46:35,038 BASELINE PARTICIPANTS RETURNED 3688 02:46:35,038 --> 02:46:37,474 FOR 13 SEMI ANNUAL FOLLOW-UP 3689 02:46:37,474 --> 02:46:37,707 VISITS. 3690 02:46:37,707 --> 02:46:39,576 AT THE FIRST VISIT THEY WERE 3691 02:46:39,576 --> 02:46:43,914 ASKED WHETHER THEY EVER HAD A 3692 02:46:43,914 --> 02:46:45,015 FIBROID AND HAS A HEALTH CARE 3693 02:46:45,015 --> 02:46:48,518 PROFESSIONAL TOLD YOU HAD A 3694 02:46:48,518 --> 02:46:50,387 FIBROID. 3695 02:46:50,387 --> 02:46:52,823 EACH VISIT THEY MEASURED BLOOD 3696 02:46:52,823 --> 02:46:55,058 PRESSURE AND COLLECTED 3697 02:46:55,058 --> 02:46:56,193 INFORMATION ABOUT HYPERTENSION 3698 02:46:56,193 --> 02:47:06,470 MEDICATION USE. 3699 02:47:12,709 --> 02:47:15,645 I USED SCREEN ANALYSIS WITH A 3700 02:47:15,645 --> 02:47:17,514 LOG LINK WHICH MEANS EXPOSURES 3701 02:47:17,514 --> 02:47:19,082 AND CONFOUNDERS ARE ALLOWED TO 3702 02:47:19,082 --> 02:47:26,389 UPDATE AT EACH STUDY VISIT AND 3703 02:47:26,389 --> 02:47:28,191 LOOKED AT WHEN HAVING A 3704 02:47:28,191 --> 02:47:31,061 HYSTERECTOMY AND ADJUSTED FOR 3705 02:47:31,061 --> 02:47:33,797 AGE, EDUCATION, RACE AND 3706 02:47:33,797 --> 02:47:37,834 ETHNICITY AND MENOPAUSAL STATUS 3707 02:47:37,834 --> 02:47:39,002 AND HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION. 3708 02:47:39,002 --> 02:47:42,272 THOUGH THIS SLIDE SHOWS THE 3709 02:47:42,272 --> 02:47:43,440 STUDY POPULATION AT BASELINE 3710 02:47:43,440 --> 02:47:46,743 AMONG THE APPROXIMATELY 2500 3711 02:47:46,743 --> 02:47:48,745 PARTICIPANTS WHO NEVER HAD A 3712 02:47:48,745 --> 02:47:49,179 FIBROID. 3713 02:47:49,179 --> 02:47:51,414 THE POPULATION IS DIVERSE IN 3714 02:47:51,414 --> 02:47:53,316 RACE AND ETHNICITY. 3715 02:47:53,316 --> 02:47:55,318 HIGHLY EDUCATED WITH ABOUT 40% 3716 02:47:55,318 --> 02:47:58,455 HAVING A COLLEGE DEGREE OR MORE 3717 02:47:58,455 --> 02:48:01,391 AND ABOUT 18% ALREADY HAD 3718 02:48:01,391 --> 02:48:02,225 DIAGNOSED HYPERTENSION AT 3719 02:48:02,225 --> 02:48:12,102 BASELINE. 3720 02:48:12,102 --> 02:48:14,170 THE REFERENCE GROUP HERE IS 3721 02:48:14,170 --> 02:48:15,672 PARTICIPANTS WITH NO 3722 02:48:15,672 --> 02:48:17,841 HYPERTENSION MEANING A NORMAL 3723 02:48:17,841 --> 02:48:20,243 BLOOD PRESSURE AND NO USE OF 3724 02:48:20,243 --> 02:48:29,719 HYPERTENSIVELY -- HYPERTENSIVE 3725 02:48:29,719 --> 02:48:30,086 MEDICATION. 3726 02:48:30,086 --> 02:48:32,222 AND COMPARED TO PARTICIPANTS 3727 02:48:32,222 --> 02:48:34,758 WITH NO HYPERTENSION WHO ARE 3728 02:48:34,758 --> 02:48:36,693 SHOWN ON THE GRAPH AS A LIGHT 3729 02:48:36,693 --> 02:48:40,997 BLUE DOT, THOSE WITH UNTREATED 3730 02:48:40,997 --> 02:48:45,635 HIGHER TENSION HAD A 19% GREATER 3731 02:48:45,635 --> 02:48:48,038 FIBROID DIAGNOSIS RISK AND THOSE 3732 02:48:48,038 --> 02:48:51,841 EN -- IN DARK BLUE ADD NO 3733 02:48:51,841 --> 02:48:55,979 ELEVATED RISK. 3734 02:48:55,979 --> 02:48:57,814 NEXT I LOOKED AT HYPERTENSION 3735 02:48:57,814 --> 02:48:58,081 DURATION. 3736 02:48:58,081 --> 02:49:00,016 THE REFERENCE GROUP IS 3737 02:49:00,016 --> 02:49:02,218 PARTICIPANTS WHO NEVER HAD 3738 02:49:02,218 --> 02:49:04,854 HYPERTENSION AT THE CURRENT OR 3739 02:49:04,854 --> 02:49:07,691 PRIOR STUDY VISIT AND COMPARED 3740 02:49:07,691 --> 02:49:09,159 THOSE TO NEW ONSET HIGHER 3741 02:49:09,159 --> 02:49:13,196 TENSION AT THE STUDY VISIT AND 3742 02:49:13,196 --> 02:49:15,432 PRE EXISTING HIGHER TENSION AND 3743 02:49:15,432 --> 02:49:20,236 THOSE WHO PREVIOUSLY HAD 3744 02:49:20,236 --> 02:49:20,570 HYPERTENSION. 3745 02:49:20,570 --> 02:49:22,539 COMPARED TO THE LIGHT BLUE DOT 3746 02:49:22,539 --> 02:49:23,340 WHICH REPRESENTS THOSE WHO NEVER 3747 02:49:23,340 --> 02:49:26,242 HAD HYPERTENSION, PARTICIPANTS 3748 02:49:26,242 --> 02:49:30,180 WITH NEW ONSET HYPERTENSION HAD 3749 02:49:30,180 --> 02:49:32,248 A 40% GREATER DIAGNOSIS RISK AT 3750 02:49:32,248 --> 02:49:35,318 THAT VISIT WITH THOSE WITH 3751 02:49:35,318 --> 02:49:36,152 PREEXISTING HIGHER TENSION DOES 3752 02:49:36,152 --> 02:49:38,221 NOT HAVE AN ELEVATED RISK OF 3753 02:49:38,221 --> 02:49:48,398 DIAGNOSIS. 3754 02:49:49,933 --> 02:49:52,736 FINALLY THE REFERENCE GROUP HERE 3755 02:49:52,736 --> 02:49:55,038 PATIE 3756 02:49:55,038 --> 02:50:00,910 PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND 3757 02:50:00,910 --> 02:50:02,278 COMPARED TO ANY GROUP USING 3758 02:50:02,278 --> 02:50:06,349 HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION AND 3759 02:50:06,349 --> 02:50:07,017 USING ACE INHIBITERS. 3760 02:50:07,017 --> 02:50:11,054 I'M LOOKING AT ACE INHIBITORS 3761 02:50:11,054 --> 02:50:12,756 BECAUSE I'M INTERESTED IN 3762 02:50:12,756 --> 02:50:14,090 WHETHER THE ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM 3763 02:50:14,090 --> 02:50:16,793 COULD BE THE MECHANISM 3764 02:50:16,793 --> 02:50:17,727 UNDERLYING THE CONNECTION 3765 02:50:17,727 --> 02:50:18,862 BETWEEN HIGHER TENSION AND RISK 3766 02:50:18,862 --> 02:50:20,130 OF FIBROIDS. 3767 02:50:20,130 --> 02:50:22,799 HERE'S WHAT I FOUND. 3768 02:50:22,799 --> 02:50:26,503 COMPARED TO THE LIGHT BLUE DOT 3769 02:50:26,503 --> 02:50:31,841 REPRESENTING PATIENTS WITH 3770 02:50:31,841 --> 02:50:38,314 HYPERTENSION NOT USING 3771 02:50:38,314 --> 02:50:41,084 MEDICATION AND THOSE USING ACE 3772 02:50:41,084 --> 02:50:50,293 INHIBITORS HAD A 50% LESS RISK 3773 02:50:50,293 --> 02:50:54,330 OF FIBROID AND THIS IS OUR 3774 02:50:54,330 --> 02:50:58,535 ABILITY TO REPEATEDLY MEASURE 3775 02:50:58,535 --> 02:51:01,504 BLOOD PRESSURE AND SOME HAD TO 3776 02:51:01,504 --> 02:51:05,408 RELY ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND I 3777 02:51:05,408 --> 02:51:07,043 FOCU 3778 02:51:07,043 --> 02:51:13,717 FOCUSED ON PREMENNO PAUSAL WOMEN 3779 02:51:13,717 --> 02:51:16,886 AND I HAD GOOD CONFOUNDING 3780 02:51:16,886 --> 02:51:18,588 CONTROL INCLUDING CONTROL FOR 3781 02:51:18,588 --> 02:51:19,522 HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION WHICH IS 3782 02:51:19,522 --> 02:51:23,059 VERY IMPORTANT IN STUDIES 3783 02:51:23,059 --> 02:51:27,530 LOOKING AT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN 3784 02:51:27,530 --> 02:51:29,432 BLOOD PRESSURE AND 3785 02:51:29,432 --> 02:51:32,569 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE USE WITH 3786 02:51:32,569 --> 02:51:33,103 DIAGNOSIS. 3787 02:51:33,103 --> 02:51:34,170 LIMITATIONS THIS, THE MOST 3788 02:51:34,170 --> 02:51:36,239 IMPORTANT WOULD BE WE HAD TO ROW 3789 02:51:36,239 --> 02:51:39,909 LIE ON SELF-REPORTED FIBROID 3790 02:51:39,909 --> 02:51:42,412 DIAGNOSIS WHICH MEANS WE'RE 3791 02:51:42,412 --> 02:51:45,215 PROBABLY MISSING ASYMPTOMATIC 3792 02:51:45,215 --> 02:51:46,816 DISEASE AND FORTUNATELY 3793 02:51:46,816 --> 02:51:48,118 SELF-REPORT HAS HIGH SPECIFICITY 3794 02:51:48,118 --> 02:51:51,054 WHICH MEANS PARTICIPANTS WHO 3795 02:51:51,054 --> 02:51:53,556 REPORTED THEY HAD A FIBROID WERE 3796 02:51:53,556 --> 02:51:55,959 LIKELY TO HAVE A FIBROID AND THE 3797 02:51:55,959 --> 02:51:58,595 MISSED FIBROID DIAGNOSES ARE 3798 02:51:58,595 --> 02:52:02,899 LIKELY OCCURRING IN PEOPLE WITH 3799 02:52:02,899 --> 02:52:04,667 AND WITHOUT HYPERTENSION NON 3800 02:52:04,667 --> 02:52:05,769 DIFFERENTIALLY. 3801 02:52:05,769 --> 02:52:09,672 INSTEAD OF INTRODUCING NON 3802 02:52:09,672 --> 02:52:13,676 SPERIOUS ASSOCIATION THE 3803 02:52:13,676 --> 02:52:16,646 ELIGIBILITY IS THE PARTICIPANTS 3804 02:52:16,646 --> 02:52:19,983 COULD NOT HAVE HAD A PREVIOUS 3805 02:52:19,983 --> 02:52:25,588 FIBROID AND STILL HAVE THEIR 3806 02:52:25,588 --> 02:52:28,258 UTERUS AND THIS STUDY DOES NOT 3807 02:52:28,258 --> 02:52:30,827 GENERALIZE TO THOSE WHO DEVELOP 3808 02:52:30,827 --> 02:52:32,228 FIBROIDS BEFORE MIDLIFE. 3809 02:52:32,228 --> 02:52:33,963 FINALLY, IT'S POSSIBLE THAT SLOW 3810 02:52:33,963 --> 02:52:36,733 GROWING FIBROIDS WERE PRESENT 3811 02:52:36,733 --> 02:52:38,301 BEFORE HYPERTENSION ONSET AND 3812 02:52:38,301 --> 02:52:39,636 NOT DIAGNOSED. 3813 02:52:39,636 --> 02:52:42,872 BUT THE STRONG ASSOCIATION WE 3814 02:52:42,872 --> 02:52:45,809 SEE BETWEEN NEW ONSET 3815 02:52:45,809 --> 02:52:47,043 HYPERTENSION AND NEW DIAGNOSIS 3816 02:52:47,043 --> 02:52:48,311 SUGGESTS HYPERTENSION IS PLAYING 3817 02:52:48,311 --> 02:52:53,316 SOME ROLE WHETHER INITIATING 3818 02:52:53,316 --> 02:52:56,319 FIBROIDS OR LEADING TO THEIR 3819 02:52:56,319 --> 02:52:56,586 GROWTH. 3820 02:52:56,586 --> 02:52:58,888 NEW ONSET HYPERTENSION WERE 3821 02:52:58,888 --> 02:53:01,591 ASSOCIATED WEDGE GREATER RISK OF 3822 02:53:01,591 --> 02:53:03,393 FIBROID DIAGNOSIS AND MEDICATION 3823 02:53:03,393 --> 02:53:06,095 USE ESPECIALLY ACE INHIBITOR 3824 02:53:06,095 --> 02:53:10,266 USING IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER 3825 02:53:10,266 --> 02:53:12,802 RISK OF FIBROID DIAGNOSIS. 3826 02:53:12,802 --> 02:53:15,071 ACE INHIBITOR FINDINGS WHICH 3827 02:53:15,071 --> 02:53:20,310 WERE STRONGER THAN USING ANY 3828 02:53:20,310 --> 02:53:24,280 HYPERTENSIVE REPORT LEND SUPPORT 3829 02:53:24,280 --> 02:53:32,288 TO THE ALDOSTERONE MAY PLAY A 3830 02:53:32,288 --> 02:53:41,231 ROLE AND THE CLINICAL 3831 02:53:41,231 --> 02:53:41,865 IMPLICATIONS BLOOD PRESSURE 3832 02:53:41,865 --> 02:53:44,834 CONTROL COULD BE A WAY TO REDUCE 3833 02:53:44,834 --> 02:53:47,770 RACIAL DISPARITIES IN FIBROID 3834 02:53:47,770 --> 02:53:48,404 BURDEN. 3835 02:53:48,404 --> 02:53:49,205 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND 3836 02:53:49,205 --> 02:53:59,682 I'M HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS. 3837 02:54:03,052 --> 02:54:04,587 >> GOOD AFTERNOON. 3838 02:54:04,587 --> 02:54:06,990 MY NAME IS LORI. 3839 02:54:06,990 --> 02:54:12,896 I'M A STRESS MANAGEMENT 3840 02:54:12,896 --> 02:54:13,396 PRACTITIONER. 3841 02:54:13,396 --> 02:54:23,907 SO I'VE HAD THE MYOECTOMY AND 3842 02:54:28,745 --> 02:54:29,212 HYPERTENSION. 3843 02:54:29,212 --> 02:54:31,214 IS THERE A CORRELATION TO ANY OF 3844 02:54:31,214 --> 02:54:39,022 THIS WITH PCLS AS WELL AS YOU 3845 02:54:39,022 --> 02:54:42,926 TALKED ABOUT THE RACE AND PCOS 3846 02:54:42,926 --> 02:54:47,030 INCREASES WEIGHT AND BMI AND 3847 02:54:47,030 --> 02:54:49,299 THEN THINKING ABOUT THE PREVIOUS 3848 02:54:49,299 --> 02:54:51,034 SPEAKER WHO TALKED ABOUT THE 3849 02:54:51,034 --> 02:54:53,102 INFANT AND MORTALITY RATE THE 3850 02:54:53,102 --> 02:54:55,605 RACE DISPARITY. 3851 02:54:55,605 --> 02:54:58,374 HAVE YOU GUYS DONE FURTHER 3852 02:54:58,374 --> 02:55:00,109 RESEARCH IN THE RACE DISPARITY 3853 02:55:00,109 --> 02:55:04,580 THE PCOS AND HYPERTENSION AND 3854 02:55:04,580 --> 02:55:05,615 TYING IT ALL TOGETHER AND LASTLY 3855 02:55:05,615 --> 02:55:08,318 IT'S GREAT TO HEAR THIS IN THIS 3856 02:55:08,318 --> 02:55:09,686 ROOM BUT HOW IS IT GETTING OUT 3857 02:55:09,686 --> 02:55:13,323 TO THE LOCAL MEDICAL FIELD? 3858 02:55:13,323 --> 02:55:18,561 YOUR PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR OR YOUR 3859 02:55:18,561 --> 02:55:23,066 OB-GYN BECAUSE NEVER HAS A 3860 02:55:23,066 --> 02:55:24,834 DOCTOR TIED THE HYPERTENSION AND 3861 02:55:24,834 --> 02:55:28,771 MY FIBROIDS AND DOCTORS DON'T 3862 02:55:28,771 --> 02:55:31,274 TIE THE PCOS TO OTHER UNDERLYING 3863 02:55:31,274 --> 02:55:37,413 CONDITIONS ESPECIALLY WITH THE 3864 02:55:37,413 --> 02:55:44,053 CLIENTS I SEE THAT ARE AFRICAN 3865 02:55:44,053 --> 02:55:45,088 AMERICAN AND GETTING TO 3866 02:55:45,088 --> 02:55:45,355 SOLUTIONS? 3867 02:55:45,355 --> 02:55:48,091 >> THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT 3868 02:55:48,091 --> 02:55:49,092 QUESTIONS. 3869 02:55:49,092 --> 02:55:53,796 I'LL TRY TO REMEMBER EACH AND 3870 02:55:53,796 --> 02:55:55,098 TRY TO RESPOND BUT FEEL FREE TO 3871 02:55:55,098 --> 02:56:01,304 REFEET -- REPEAT AND REASK. 3872 02:56:01,304 --> 02:56:03,673 WE DON'T KNOW WHO HAS PCOS AND 3873 02:56:03,673 --> 02:56:05,074 WHO DOESN'T. 3874 02:56:05,074 --> 02:56:06,909 I'M STUDYING THE SAME 3875 02:56:06,909 --> 02:56:07,844 RELATIONSHIP AS I DESCRIBED 3876 02:56:07,844 --> 02:56:09,012 BETWEEN HYPERTENSION AND 3877 02:56:09,012 --> 02:56:10,847 FIBROIDS AND LOOKING AT 3878 02:56:10,847 --> 02:56:11,214 DIABETES. 3879 02:56:11,214 --> 02:56:14,050 THERE'S A LINK WITH PCOS. 3880 02:56:14,050 --> 02:56:17,186 IT LOOKS LIKE DIABETES IS 3881 02:56:17,186 --> 02:56:18,688 INVERSELY ASSOCIATED WITH RISK 3882 02:56:18,688 --> 02:56:19,956 OF FIBROIDS UNEXPECTEDLY. 3883 02:56:19,956 --> 02:56:23,026 THERE'S BEEN RESEARCH THAT 3884 02:56:23,026 --> 02:56:24,794 SUPPORTS THAT BEFORE THIS SO 3885 02:56:24,794 --> 02:56:29,432 IT'S CONSISTENT WITH PRIOR 3886 02:56:29,432 --> 02:56:30,733 RESULTS BECAUSE WE UNDERSTAND SO 3887 02:56:30,733 --> 02:56:33,469 LITTLE ON WHAT CAUSES FIBROIDS 3888 02:56:33,469 --> 02:56:36,005 TO DEVELOP AND MORE RESEARCH IS 3889 02:56:36,005 --> 02:56:36,239 NEEDED. 3890 02:56:36,239 --> 02:56:39,075 I FEEL LIKE PART OF MY MISSION 3891 02:56:39,075 --> 02:56:41,177 IS DESCRIBING THE FIBROID 3892 02:56:41,177 --> 02:56:43,046 BACKGROUND AND TRYING TO GET 3893 02:56:43,046 --> 02:56:44,447 OTHERS EXCITED ABOUT IT BECAUSE 3894 02:56:44,447 --> 02:56:45,448 WE GET MORE EVIDENCE. 3895 02:56:45,448 --> 02:56:48,684 RELATED TO YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT 3896 02:56:48,684 --> 02:56:52,455 GETTING THIS MORE BROADLY 3897 02:56:52,455 --> 02:56:53,356 PUBLICIZED BEYOND THE BIRCWH 3898 02:56:53,356 --> 02:56:53,623 ROOM. 3899 02:56:53,623 --> 02:56:54,657 IT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 3900 02:56:54,657 --> 02:56:59,062 I'M PART OF KAISER PERMANENTE 3901 02:56:59,062 --> 02:57:00,630 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AND I WORK 3902 02:57:00,630 --> 02:57:02,565 WITH CLINICIANS AND TRY TO 3903 02:57:02,565 --> 02:57:04,634 SPREAD THE WORD ABOUT FIBROIDS 3904 02:57:04,634 --> 02:57:07,036 AND HOW TO GET THIS KIND OF 3905 02:57:07,036 --> 02:57:09,772 EVIDENCE INTO CLINICAL CARE-LOTS 3906 02:57:09,772 --> 02:57:12,708 OF WORK LEFT TO DO AND OWNER 3907 02:57:12,708 --> 02:57:14,844 RESEARCH IS FIBROID 3908 02:57:14,844 --> 02:57:16,646 EFFECTIVENESS AND THAT IS MORE 3909 02:57:16,646 --> 02:57:18,381 INTERESTING TO CLINICIANS 3910 02:57:18,381 --> 02:57:23,319 BECAUSE IT'S DIRECTLY APPLICABLE 3911 02:57:23,319 --> 02:57:26,389 COMPARING UTERINE EMBOLISM LONG 3912 02:57:26,389 --> 02:57:30,560 TERM THE EVIDENCE IS CONCRETE. 3913 02:57:30,560 --> 02:57:33,930 THIS KIND OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 3914 02:57:33,930 --> 02:57:35,798 HYPERTENSION AND FIBROIDS WE'RE 3915 02:57:35,798 --> 02:57:38,434 WORKING ON MAKING THOSE CLINICAL 3916 02:57:38,434 --> 02:57:40,336 CONNECTIONS AND MAKING SURE THE 3917 02:57:40,336 --> 02:57:40,970 EVIDENCE IS GETTING WHERE IT'S 3918 02:57:40,970 --> 02:57:43,039 NEEDED. 3919 02:57:43,039 --> 02:57:49,178 THANK YOU. 3920 02:57:49,178 --> 02:57:51,247 THANK YOU FOR YOU'RE TIME. 3921 02:57:51,247 --> 02:57:53,116 FOLLOW ME TO THE POSTER SESSION. 3922 02:57:53,116 --> 02:57:55,718 >> PLEASE LET ME ASK THIS 3923 02:57:55,718 --> 02:57:56,085 QUESTION. 3924 02:57:56,085 --> 02:57:58,287 I BEG YOUR INDULGENCE FOR A 3925 02:57:58,287 --> 02:57:58,888 MINUTE. 3926 02:57:58,888 --> 02:58:04,160 I'M INSPIRED BY THIS. 3927 02:58:04,160 --> 02:58:06,596 I WANT YOU TO THIS IS PAM 3928 02:58:06,596 --> 02:58:10,433 STRATTON AT ORWH. 3929 02:58:10,433 --> 02:58:12,835 ONE IN FOUR WOMEN ARE 3930 02:58:12,835 --> 02:58:14,036 HYPERTENSIVE BY AGE 25 IF YOU 3931 02:58:14,036 --> 02:58:16,239 THINK OF THE PARITY AND THE 3932 02:58:16,239 --> 02:58:17,607 ASSOCIATION WITH BREAST CANCER 3933 02:58:17,607 --> 02:58:19,041 AND TAKE THE LIFE COURSE 3934 02:58:19,041 --> 02:58:19,675 PERSPECTIVE AN IMPORTANT LENS TO 3935 02:58:19,675 --> 02:58:23,713 THINK ABOUT THIS. 3936 02:58:23,713 --> 02:58:26,182 AND IF YOU THINK ABOUT 3937 02:58:26,182 --> 02:58:27,583 IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING 3938 02:58:27,583 --> 02:58:29,552 HYPERTENSION IN BLACK WOMEN IN 3939 02:58:29,552 --> 02:58:31,087 THEIR 20s IT WOULD BE REALLY 3940 02:58:31,087 --> 02:58:33,222 GREAT TO THINK ABOUT HOW TO 3941 02:58:33,222 --> 02:58:36,058 ADDRESS THIS OVER THE LIFE 3942 02:58:36,058 --> 02:58:36,592 COURSE. 3943 02:58:36,592 --> 02:58:38,594 THANK YOU FOR HUMORING ME. 3944 02:58:38,594 --> 02:58:39,795 >> THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT 3945 02:58:39,795 --> 02:58:40,029 COMMENT. 3946 02:58:40,029 --> 02:58:50,206 THANK YOU. 3947 02:59:06,389 --> 02:59:08,824 >> GOOD MORNING LADIES AND 3948 02:59:08,824 --> 02:59:09,692 GENTLEMEN I'M THE ASSOCIATE 3949 02:59:09,692 --> 02:59:10,726 DIRECTOR FOR THE OFFICE OF 3950 02:59:10,726 --> 02:59:11,861 RESEARCH ON WOMEN'S CAREER. 3951 02:59:11,861 --> 02:59:13,196 IT'S MY PLEASURE AND PRIVILEGE 3952 02:59:13,196 --> 02:59:16,999 TO INTRODUCE THIS YEAR'S LEGACY 3953 02:59:16,999 --> 02:59:17,667 OF LEADERSHIP SPEAKER. 3954 02:59:17,667 --> 02:59:25,241 BEFORE I DO I'D LIKE TO GIVE A 3955 02:59:25,241 --> 02:59:28,344 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SPEAKER 3956 02:59:28,344 --> 02:59:30,413 SERIES FOR THOSE ATTENDING THE 3957 02:59:30,413 --> 02:59:31,013 FIRST TIME. 3958 02:59:31,013 --> 02:59:32,381 THE INAUGURAL REPRESENTATION OF 3959 02:59:32,381 --> 02:59:33,649 THE LEGACY OF LEADERSHIP LECTURE 3960 02:59:33,649 --> 02:59:38,487 WAS DELIVERED AT THE 20th 3961 02:59:38,487 --> 02:59:41,023 ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRCWH. 3962 02:59:41,023 --> 02:59:43,059 SEPTEMBER 14, 2020. 3963 02:59:43,059 --> 02:59:44,660 DR. CLAYTON CREATE THE 3964 02:59:44,660 --> 02:59:46,629 LECTURESHIP AT THAT TIME TO 3965 02:59:46,629 --> 02:59:48,731 SHOWCASE OUTSTANDING WOMEN 3966 02:59:48,731 --> 02:59:53,803 SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE DEMONSTRATED 3967 02:59:53,803 --> 02:59:56,239 EXCELLENCE IN THEIR RESEARCH 3968 02:59:56,239 --> 03:00:02,011 CAREERS BUT REACHED INSTITUTIONS 3969 03:00:02,011 --> 03:00:04,247 THAT ARE FOR MOST OF US 3970 03:00:04,247 --> 03:00:06,349 ASPIRATIONAL. 3971 03:00:06,349 --> 03:00:11,687 THE FIRST SPEAKER WAS DR. BURKE 3972 03:00:11,687 --> 03:00:13,489 AND CANDLER PROFESSOR OF PUBLIC 3973 03:00:13,489 --> 03:00:24,300 HEALTH AT EMORIENCE EMORY INCID 3974 03:00:24,634 --> 03:00:27,136 P.I. AND BE THE WE HAD A VICE 3975 03:00:27,136 --> 03:00:28,738 CHANCELLOR AND DEAN OF THE 3976 03:00:28,738 --> 03:00:33,776 SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT U.C. DAVIS 3977 03:00:33,776 --> 03:00:36,879 AND LAST YEAR'S SPEAKER WAS 3978 03:00:36,879 --> 03:00:38,481 DR. JUDITH JAMES CHIEF MEDICAL 3979 03:00:38,481 --> 03:00:42,985 OFFICER OF THE OKLAHOMA MEDICAL 3980 03:00:42,985 --> 03:00:44,253 RESEARCH FOUNDATION, PROFESSOR 3981 03:00:44,253 --> 03:00:46,055 AND PROGRAM CHAIR OF ARTHRITIS 3982 03:00:46,055 --> 03:00:49,358 AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND 3983 03:00:49,358 --> 03:00:50,559 MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY 3984 03:00:50,559 --> 03:00:51,260 OF MEDICINE. 3985 03:00:51,260 --> 03:00:55,898 TODAY WE'RE HONORED TO WELCOME 3986 03:00:55,898 --> 03:00:57,633 ONES AGAIN ANOTHER IMMINENT 3987 03:00:57,633 --> 03:00:59,502 FEMALE SCIENTIST AND INSPIRATION 3988 03:00:59,502 --> 03:01:01,671 TO US ALL. 3989 03:01:01,671 --> 03:01:06,575 IN THE PERSON OF DR. CRISWELL 3990 03:01:06,575 --> 03:01:09,645 M.D. AND DOCTOR OF SCIENCE. 3991 03:01:09,645 --> 03:01:12,081 DR. CRISWELL HAS SERVED AS VICE 3992 03:01:12,081 --> 03:01:15,184 CHANCELLOR OF RESEARCH AT THE 3993 03:01:15,184 --> 03:01:16,218 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN 3994 03:01:16,218 --> 03:01:19,288 FRANCISCO AND PROFESSOR OF 3995 03:01:19,288 --> 03:01:20,690 RHEUMATOLOGY AND PROFESSOR OF 3996 03:01:20,690 --> 03:01:20,956 SCIENCES. 3997 03:01:20,956 --> 03:01:26,329 HER RESEARCH FOCUSES ON THE 3998 03:01:26,329 --> 03:01:31,233 GENETIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF 3999 03:01:31,233 --> 03:01:35,037 HUMAN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE AND 4000 03:01:35,037 --> 03:01:38,107 LUPUS AND MENTORED MANY 4001 03:01:38,107 --> 03:01:40,443 FACULTIES TO INDEPENDENT 4002 03:01:40,443 --> 03:01:42,778 RESEARCH CAREERS. 4003 03:01:42,778 --> 03:01:47,149 DR. CRISWELL EARNED HER MASTER'S 4004 03:01:47,149 --> 03:01:50,486 FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF 4005 03:01:50,486 --> 03:01:53,756 CALIFORNIA IN BSHG. 4006 03:01:53,756 --> 03:01:55,291 BERKELEY. 4007 03:01:55,291 --> 03:01:59,829 A AND IN GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY 4008 03:01:59,829 --> 03:02:03,599 FROM THE NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE 4009 03:02:03,599 --> 03:02:06,736 FOR HEALTH SCIENCES RODDER DAM 4010 03:02:06,736 --> 03:02:10,940 AND M.D. FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF 4011 03:02:10,940 --> 03:02:12,508 UNIVERSITY SAN FRANCISCO AND IS 4012 03:02:12,508 --> 03:02:16,612 BOARD CERTIFIED IN RHEUMATOLOGY 4013 03:02:16,612 --> 03:02:18,914 AND DIRECTOR DIRECTOR OF THE 4014 03:02:18,914 --> 03:02:22,651 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS 4015 03:02:22,651 --> 03:02:25,755 AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SKIN 4016 03:02:25,755 --> 03:02:29,291 DISEASES AND HAS GENOMICS AND 4017 03:02:29,291 --> 03:02:31,060 RHEUMATIC DISEASE SECTION 4018 03:02:31,060 --> 03:02:32,561 MEDICAL GENETICS BRANCH, 4019 03:02:32,561 --> 03:02:36,165 NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH 4020 03:02:36,165 --> 03:02:38,100 INSTITUTE. 4021 03:02:38,100 --> 03:02:43,072 SO PLEASE WELCOME DR. LINDSEY 4022 03:02:43,072 --> 03:02:53,249 CRISWELL. 4023 03:02:55,151 --> 03:02:57,153 >> THANK YOU FOR THE KIND 4024 03:02:57,153 --> 03:02:58,087 INTRODUCTION AND THANKS TO 4025 03:02:58,087 --> 03:02:59,789 DR. CLAYTON FOR THE INVITATION 4026 03:02:59,789 --> 03:03:01,991 TO DELIVER THIS LEGACY OF 4027 03:03:01,991 --> 03:03:09,498 LEADERSHIP LECTURE. 4028 03:03:09,498 --> 03:03:11,300 SORRY I'M KEEPING YOU FROM YOUR 4029 03:03:11,300 --> 03:03:18,207 BREAK. 4030 03:03:18,207 --> 03:03:21,110 DR. CLAYTON ASKED ME TO SPEAK 4031 03:03:21,110 --> 03:03:23,946 ABOUT MY OWN CAREER JOURNEY AND 4032 03:03:23,946 --> 03:03:24,880 PROVIDE ADVICE TO SCHOLARS HERE 4033 03:03:24,880 --> 03:03:25,514 THIS MORNING. 4034 03:03:25,514 --> 03:03:27,583 I'M GOING TO COVER THE FOLLOWING 4035 03:03:27,583 --> 03:03:28,417 TOPICS IN THE TIME I HAVE. 4036 03:03:28,417 --> 03:03:34,023 I'M GOING TO TELL YOU MORE ABOUT 4037 03:03:34,023 --> 03:03:44,567 MY BACKGROUND IN EDUCATION AND 4038 03:03:50,539 --> 03:03:51,040 CONCLUDE BY SHARING 4039 03:03:51,040 --> 03:03:52,775 OPPORTUNITIES I WANT TO MAKE 4040 03:03:52,775 --> 03:03:54,477 SURE YOU'RE AWARE OF. 4041 03:03:54,477 --> 03:03:56,212 I'M A NATIVE CALIFORNIA AND GREW 4042 03:03:56,212 --> 03:04:01,383 UP IN THE LOS ANGELES AREA OF 4043 03:04:01,383 --> 03:04:03,052 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 4044 03:04:03,052 --> 03:04:07,022 AND HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO 4045 03:04:07,022 --> 03:04:09,091 ATTEND GREAT PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND 4046 03:04:09,091 --> 03:04:10,459 ALMOST ALL MY TRAINING WAS AT 4047 03:04:10,459 --> 03:04:11,627 PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. 4048 03:04:11,627 --> 03:04:14,463 I HAD THE GOOD FORTUNE TO GO TO 4049 03:04:14,463 --> 03:04:17,299 U.C. BERKELEY FOR MY 4050 03:04:17,299 --> 03:04:17,900 UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION AND 4051 03:04:17,900 --> 03:04:18,767 ALWAYS BEEN EXCITED AND 4052 03:04:18,767 --> 03:04:20,536 INTERESTED IN THIS CONCEPT OF 4053 03:04:20,536 --> 03:04:21,637 NATURE VERSUS NURTURE. 4054 03:04:21,637 --> 03:04:23,606 I ENDED UP FOCUSSING ON THE AREA 4055 03:04:23,606 --> 03:04:24,607 OF GENETICS. 4056 03:04:24,607 --> 03:04:31,046 I HAD A LONG STANDING INTEREST 4057 03:04:31,046 --> 03:04:40,923 IN RESEARCH FOR MEDICAL AND KEPT 4058 03:04:40,923 --> 03:04:43,025 MY OPTIONS OPEN AND HAD 4059 03:04:43,025 --> 03:04:48,831 WONDERFUL EXPERIENCES AT THE 4060 03:04:48,831 --> 03:04:51,534 LABORATORY AND THE EAST COAST 4061 03:04:51,534 --> 03:04:53,903 AND THE LABORATORY ON THE 4062 03:04:53,903 --> 03:04:54,537 BERKELEY CAMPUS. 4063 03:04:54,537 --> 03:04:56,238 I WAS INTERESTED IN RESEARCH AND 4064 03:04:56,238 --> 03:04:57,373 ULTIMATELY HAD THE OPPORTUNITY 4065 03:04:57,373 --> 03:05:04,280 TO GO TO MEDICAL SCHOOL AT UCSF 4066 03:05:04,280 --> 03:05:09,552 IN SAN FRANCISCO AND I WAS ABLE 4067 03:05:09,552 --> 03:05:10,753 TO HEAR THE PRESENTATION FROM 4068 03:05:10,753 --> 03:05:12,988 THE UCSF SCHOLAR AND GRADE TO 4069 03:05:12,988 --> 03:05:14,189 KNOW SOME UCSF COLLEAGUES ARE 4070 03:05:14,189 --> 03:05:20,829 HERE. 4071 03:05:20,829 --> 03:05:22,698 IT WAS A FABULOUS PLACE TO TRAIN 4072 03:05:22,698 --> 03:05:26,969 FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL AND DOES MY 4073 03:05:26,969 --> 03:05:30,105 RESIDENCY AT SCRIPPS CLINIC IN 4074 03:05:30,105 --> 03:05:31,273 LA JOLLA AND HAD A DIFFERENT 4075 03:05:31,273 --> 03:05:33,075 EXPERIENCE OF MEDICINE AND 4076 03:05:33,075 --> 03:05:34,310 CLINICAL CARE THAN I HAD BEEN 4077 03:05:34,310 --> 03:05:36,545 EXPOSED TO AT UCSF. 4078 03:05:36,545 --> 03:05:42,484 IT WAS AT THAT INSTITUTION WHICH 4079 03:05:42,484 --> 03:05:45,521 ATTRACTED MANY PATIENTS WITH 4080 03:05:45,521 --> 03:05:48,691 MANY DISEASES AND I WAS HOOKED 4081 03:05:48,691 --> 03:05:50,526 ON PURSUING A CAREER IN 4082 03:05:50,526 --> 03:05:50,859 RHEUMATOLOGY. 4083 03:05:50,859 --> 03:05:58,867 A WONDERFUL EXPERIENCE. 4084 03:05:58,867 --> 03:06:02,504 ALSO THE CONCEPT OF 4085 03:06:02,504 --> 03:06:03,606 EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE WAS 4086 03:06:03,606 --> 03:06:05,641 BRAND NEW AND THOUGH MY 4087 03:06:05,641 --> 03:06:07,076 BACKGROUND HAD BEEN LABORATORY 4088 03:06:07,076 --> 03:06:08,944 BASED I FELT MOTIVATED TO PURSUE 4089 03:06:08,944 --> 03:06:10,546 RESEARCH TRAINING THAT WOULD 4090 03:06:10,546 --> 03:06:12,314 ALLOW ME TO GET CLOSER TO 4091 03:06:12,314 --> 03:06:14,550 PATIENT CARE SO MORE 4092 03:06:14,550 --> 03:06:22,024 TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH. 4093 03:06:22,024 --> 03:06:24,893 THAT BROUGHT ME BACK TO THE BAY 4094 03:06:24,893 --> 03:06:29,031 AREA AND ACROSS THE BAY AT 4095 03:06:29,031 --> 03:06:31,066 U.S. BERKELEY WAS A FANTASTIC 4096 03:06:31,066 --> 03:06:33,736 SCHOOL TO GET A DEGREE IN PUBLIC 4097 03:06:33,736 --> 03:06:35,771 HEALTH BECAUSE I FELT BIO 4098 03:06:35,771 --> 03:06:36,839 STATISTICS WOULD BE CRITICAL FOR 4099 03:06:36,839 --> 03:06:37,473 MY TRAINING AS A CLINICAL 4100 03:06:37,473 --> 03:06:44,246 RESEARCHER. 4101 03:06:44,246 --> 03:06:48,651 I STARTED MY FELLOWSHIP AT UCSF 4102 03:06:48,651 --> 03:06:51,754 AND TRYING TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO 4103 03:06:51,754 --> 03:06:53,222 COMBINE MY TRAINING FULL TIME 4104 03:06:53,222 --> 03:06:55,057 WITH THE TRAINING OF AN MPH 4105 03:06:55,057 --> 03:07:01,063 PROGRAM. 4106 03:07:01,063 --> 03:07:05,300 I AUDITED CLASSES IN BIO 4107 03:07:05,300 --> 03:07:07,069 STATISTICS AT UCSF AND IN MY 4108 03:07:07,069 --> 03:07:10,506 THIRD YEAR OF FELLOWSHIP I WAS 4109 03:07:10,506 --> 03:07:12,875 ABLE TO FOCUS ON THE MPH 4110 03:07:12,875 --> 03:07:13,609 TRAINING AND THAT SEQUENCE WOUND 4111 03:07:13,609 --> 03:07:15,711 UP WORKING WELL BECAUSE I HAD 4112 03:07:15,711 --> 03:07:17,112 RESEARCH PROJECTS I WAS 4113 03:07:17,112 --> 03:07:19,715 FOCUSSING ON WHEN I DID THE MPH 4114 03:07:19,715 --> 03:07:20,082 TRAINING. 4115 03:07:20,082 --> 03:07:25,854 I FEEL FORTUNATE TO HAVE HAD THE 4116 03:07:25,854 --> 03:07:26,522 FOUNDATION TO SUPPORT MY 4117 03:07:26,522 --> 03:07:31,060 SUBSEQUENT PROGRESSIONS AS A 4118 03:07:31,060 --> 03:07:31,427 FACULTY MEMBER. 4119 03:07:31,427 --> 03:07:37,499 . 4120 03:07:37,499 --> 03:07:39,968 A BIT LATER I PURSUED ADDITIONAL 4121 03:07:39,968 --> 03:07:41,170 TRAINING AND EDUCATION OUTSIDE 4122 03:07:41,170 --> 03:07:42,037 THE U.S. 4123 03:07:42,037 --> 03:07:46,942 I WOULD STRONGLY RECOMMEND THIS 4124 03:07:46,942 --> 03:07:49,545 FOR ALL OF YOU WHO CAN FIND THE 4125 03:07:49,545 --> 03:07:49,978 OPPORTUNITY. 4126 03:07:49,978 --> 03:07:54,116 THANKS TO A MID YEAR DEVELOPMENT 4127 03:07:54,116 --> 03:07:57,686 AWARD I SPENT A YEAR AT THE 4128 03:07:57,686 --> 03:07:58,754 NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE OF HEALTH 4129 03:07:58,754 --> 03:08:00,122 SCIENCES AND I BECAME VERY 4130 03:08:00,122 --> 03:08:01,490 INTERESTED IN GENETIC 4131 03:08:01,490 --> 03:08:02,357 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NEEDED 4132 03:08:02,357 --> 03:08:03,726 ADDITIONAL TRAINING. 4133 03:08:03,726 --> 03:08:08,197 THIS WAS A BRAND NEW RAPIDLY 4134 03:08:08,197 --> 03:08:09,565 EVOLVING FIELD AND A KNEW IT HAS 4135 03:08:09,565 --> 03:08:15,104 A FANTASTIC PROGRAM AND WAS ABLE 4136 03:08:15,104 --> 03:08:19,041 TO SPEND A YEAR FOCUSSING ON 4137 03:08:19,041 --> 03:08:23,746 THAT AREA AND IT WAS A FABULOUS 4138 03:08:23,746 --> 03:08:24,046 EXPERIENCE. 4139 03:08:24,046 --> 03:08:25,481 THAT EXPERIENCE WAS SO ENRICHING 4140 03:08:25,481 --> 03:08:28,117 AND REWARDING I WAS ABLE TO 4141 03:08:28,117 --> 03:08:31,386 ARRANGE ANOTHER YEAR TO WORK IN 4142 03:08:31,386 --> 03:08:34,189 EUROPE THIS TIME IN FRANCE JUST 4143 03:08:34,189 --> 03:08:41,130 OUTSIDE THE SOUTH OF PARIS 4144 03:08:41,130 --> 03:08:44,133 BECAUSE THERE WAS A WONDERFUL 4145 03:08:44,133 --> 03:08:45,100 SJOGREN'S DISEASE EXPERT AND 4146 03:08:45,100 --> 03:08:49,037 WANTED TO BE IMMERSED IN THAT 4147 03:08:49,037 --> 03:08:50,706 PROBLEM AND I FEEL PRIVILEGED TO 4148 03:08:50,706 --> 03:08:53,609 HAVE HAD THE PRIVILEGE TO WORK 4149 03:08:53,609 --> 03:08:55,043 OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES FOR 4150 03:08:55,043 --> 03:09:04,319 MANY REASONS. 4151 03:09:04,319 --> 03:09:06,054 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT THE 4152 03:09:06,054 --> 03:09:07,356 IMPORTANCE OF MENTORS. 4153 03:09:07,356 --> 03:09:11,026 I'VE WORKED WITH THE SUPPORT OF 4154 03:09:11,026 --> 03:09:11,960 SOME FABULOUS PEOPLE THAT HAVE 4155 03:09:11,960 --> 03:09:13,228 MADE SUCH A DIFFERENCE IN MY 4156 03:09:13,228 --> 03:09:15,264 LIFE AND FOR MY CAREER. 4157 03:09:15,264 --> 03:09:16,632 I'M GOING TO HIGHLIGHT A COUPLE 4158 03:09:16,632 --> 03:09:17,566 HERE. 4159 03:09:17,566 --> 03:09:20,435 ON THE LEFT THERE'S DR. EPSTEIN 4160 03:09:20,435 --> 03:09:22,971 WHO WAS A RHEUMATOLOGIST AND 4161 03:09:22,971 --> 03:09:25,808 GREATLY ADMIRED FOR SEVERAL 4162 03:09:25,808 --> 03:09:26,542 REASONS. 4163 03:09:26,542 --> 03:09:28,210 HE HAD DIVERSE RESEARCH 4164 03:09:28,210 --> 03:09:30,479 INTERESTS AND ACTIVITIES AND WAS 4165 03:09:30,479 --> 03:09:32,548 ALSO A VERY INTERESTING AND WELL 4166 03:09:32,548 --> 03:09:38,520 ROUNDED PERSON. 4167 03:09:38,520 --> 03:09:45,494 THIS RESEARCH LOOKED AT 4168 03:09:45,494 --> 03:09:47,029 RHEUMATOID FACTOR AND CHANGED S 4169 03:09:47,029 --> 03:09:50,566 AND FOCUSSED ON A NEW FIELD OF 4170 03:09:50,566 --> 03:09:51,967 HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH AND WAS 4171 03:09:51,967 --> 03:09:58,807 A WELL ROUNDED PERSON AND TOOK 4172 03:09:58,807 --> 03:10:02,277 UP CELLO LATER IN LIFE AND WOOD 4173 03:10:02,277 --> 03:10:07,015 WORKING DURING A SABBATICAL AND 4174 03:10:07,015 --> 03:10:09,718 THE ELDERLY GENTLEMAN TO HIS 4175 03:10:09,718 --> 03:10:13,889 LEFT, DR. ENGELMAN IS CONSIDERED 4176 03:10:13,889 --> 03:10:16,692 THE FIRST ACADEMIC 4177 03:10:16,692 --> 03:10:17,826 RHEUMATOLOGIST IN CALIFORNIA AND 4178 03:10:17,826 --> 03:10:20,429 RECRUITED WALLY AND IS A 4179 03:10:20,429 --> 03:10:22,297 FASCINATING AND IMPRESSIVE 4180 03:10:22,297 --> 03:10:23,232 PERSON AND GREAT ADVOCATE FOR 4181 03:10:23,232 --> 03:10:23,699 RESEARCH SUPPORT. 4182 03:10:23,699 --> 03:10:26,101 HE HAD INTERACTIONS WITH MEMBERS 4183 03:10:26,101 --> 03:10:31,273 OF CONGRESS THAT WERE PRODUCTIVE 4184 03:10:31,273 --> 03:10:38,580 AND A PRODIGY VIOLINIST AND 4185 03:10:38,580 --> 03:10:40,515 CONTINUED SEEING PATIENTS TO 4186 03:10:40,515 --> 03:10:41,917 OVER THE AGE OF 100. 4187 03:10:41,917 --> 03:10:48,657 QUITE AN IMPRESSIVE PERSON AND 4188 03:10:48,657 --> 03:10:49,124 INSPIRATIONAL MENTOR. 4189 03:10:49,124 --> 03:10:56,899 AND THIS IS WALLY AND SORRY I 4190 03:10:56,899 --> 03:11:02,070 DIDN'T HAVE THAT UP AT THE RIGHT 4191 03:11:02,070 --> 03:11:06,141 TIME I WANTED TO SHARE THIS 4192 03:11:06,141 --> 03:11:11,947 PICTURE OF WALLY WITH -- WITH MY 4193 03:11:11,947 --> 03:11:14,583 DAUGHTERS DOING A WOOD WORKING 4194 03:11:14,583 --> 03:11:16,385 PROJECT IN HIS HOME AND ONE OF 4195 03:11:16,385 --> 03:11:19,521 THE MANY WAYS HE SUPPORTED ME 4196 03:11:19,521 --> 03:11:21,256 AND MY FAMILY. 4197 03:11:21,256 --> 03:11:24,526 NOW, THANKS TO WALLY I WAS 4198 03:11:24,526 --> 03:11:25,661 EMBEDDED WITHIN A 4199 03:11:25,661 --> 03:11:28,196 MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM OF 4200 03:11:28,196 --> 03:11:29,631 INVESTIGATORS THAT INCLUDED 4201 03:11:29,631 --> 03:11:32,467 RHEUMATOLOGISTS AND SOCIAL 4202 03:11:32,467 --> 03:11:37,606 SCIENTISTS, HEALTH ECONOMISTS. 4203 03:11:37,606 --> 03:11:44,413 FABULOUS ENVIRONMENT FOR A 4204 03:11:44,413 --> 03:11:46,481 FELLOW AND JUNIOR FACULTY MEMBER 4205 03:11:46,481 --> 03:11:49,918 AND I PURSUED CAREER AS A JUNIOR 4206 03:11:49,918 --> 03:11:51,253 FACULTY MEMBER AND RESEARCHER 4207 03:11:51,253 --> 03:11:53,689 AND WHAT ALLOWED THIS GROUP TO 4208 03:11:53,689 --> 03:12:03,832 FORM WAS A GRANT FROM THE NIH. 4209 03:12:03,832 --> 03:12:05,367 IT MADE ALL THE DIFFERENCE AND 4210 03:12:05,367 --> 03:12:06,835 THE SUPPORT AND TEAM APPROACH 4211 03:12:06,835 --> 03:12:09,571 MADE A DIFFERENCE FOR SO MANY 4212 03:12:09,571 --> 03:12:11,106 EARLY CAREER INVESTIGATORS AND I 4213 03:12:11,106 --> 03:12:13,141 HOPE MANY ARE BENEFITING FROM 4214 03:12:13,141 --> 03:12:13,709 THAT SUPPORT AND THAT 4215 03:12:13,709 --> 03:12:14,810 ENVIRONMENT IN YOUR HOME 4216 03:12:14,810 --> 03:12:21,717 INSTITUTIONS. 4217 03:12:21,717 --> 03:12:25,354 I WAS ABLE TO OBTAIN MY GRANT 4218 03:12:25,354 --> 03:12:26,855 FROM NIAMS. 4219 03:12:26,855 --> 03:12:29,224 IT WAS NOT AN EASY PROCESS BUT 4220 03:12:29,224 --> 03:12:29,791 UNFORTUNATE TO RECEIVE THE 4221 03:12:29,791 --> 03:12:32,961 SUPPORT ALLOWING ME TO INITIATE 4222 03:12:32,961 --> 03:12:36,031 SOME OF MY GENETIC STUDIES. 4223 03:12:36,031 --> 03:12:37,933 I RECEIVE THE MID CAREER 4224 03:12:37,933 --> 03:12:40,068 DEVELOPMENT AWARD THAT NOT ONLY 4225 03:12:40,068 --> 03:12:41,770 ALLOWED ME TO PURSUE TIME 4226 03:12:41,770 --> 03:12:42,771 OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES BUT 4227 03:12:42,771 --> 03:12:50,545 SUPPORTED MENTORING ACTIVITIES. 4228 03:12:50,545 --> 03:12:51,913 THAT THE TIME THERE WERE FEW 4229 03:12:51,913 --> 03:12:53,081 OPPORTUNITIES AND IT'S BECOMING 4230 03:12:53,081 --> 03:12:55,017 MORE COMMON AND IT'S A PRIORITY 4231 03:12:55,017 --> 03:12:56,618 OF MINE BUT MADE A HUGE 4232 03:12:56,618 --> 03:12:58,587 DIFFERENCE IN ALLOWING ME TO 4233 03:12:58,587 --> 03:12:59,187 CONTINUE TO SPEND TIME AS A 4234 03:12:59,187 --> 03:13:08,096 MENTOR. 4235 03:13:08,096 --> 03:13:12,901 ANOTHER P60 GRANT ALLOWED ME TO 4236 03:13:12,901 --> 03:13:13,802 EXPAND MY OPPORTUNITIES FURTHER 4237 03:13:13,802 --> 03:13:14,603 AND PROVIDE LEADERSHIP 4238 03:13:14,603 --> 03:13:15,771 EXPERIENCE WHICH PROVED TO BE 4239 03:13:15,771 --> 03:13:17,139 SOMETHING I REALLY ENJOYED 4240 03:13:17,139 --> 03:13:23,812 THOUGH I NEVER IMAGINED I WOULD 4241 03:13:23,812 --> 03:13:25,947 BECOME AN ADMINISTRATOR AND I 4242 03:13:25,947 --> 03:13:26,848 AND THE TO EMPHASIZE THE MANY 4243 03:13:26,848 --> 03:13:30,118 MANY FOR THOSE WHO MAY BE 4244 03:13:30,118 --> 03:13:32,621 FEELING FRUSTRATED. 4245 03:13:32,621 --> 03:13:34,589 WE SECURED ANOTHER CENTER GRANT 4246 03:13:34,589 --> 03:13:36,558 THAT ALLOWED US TO LAUNCH A 4247 03:13:36,558 --> 03:13:38,693 PRECISION MEDICINE CENTER THAT 4248 03:13:38,693 --> 03:13:40,395 CONTINUES TO SUPPORT EARLY 4249 03:13:40,395 --> 03:13:44,633 CAREER INVESTIGATORS AND BRING 4250 03:13:44,633 --> 03:13:46,768 OTHER INDIVIDUALS INTO A TEAM 4251 03:13:46,768 --> 03:13:51,606 SCIENCE ENVIRONMENT TO SUPPORT 4252 03:13:51,606 --> 03:13:57,379 THEIR WORK IN THIS IMPORTANT 4253 03:13:57,379 --> 03:13:57,813 AREA. 4254 03:13:57,813 --> 03:14:00,282 I WANTED TO SHIFT GEARS TO TALK 4255 03:14:00,282 --> 03:14:01,216 ABOUT CRITICAL SUPPORT ONE CAN 4256 03:14:01,216 --> 03:14:11,093 LOOK OUTSIDE OF THE NIH FOR. 4257 03:14:11,093 --> 03:14:13,428 A CRITICAL PIECE OF SUPPORT THAT 4258 03:14:13,428 --> 03:14:14,629 ALLOWED ME TO SECURE A POSITION 4259 03:14:14,629 --> 03:14:17,499 WAS A SCHOLARS AWARD OFFERED BY 4260 03:14:17,499 --> 03:14:17,933 PFIZER. 4261 03:14:17,933 --> 03:14:20,569 IT MADE ALL THE DIFFERENCE IN 4262 03:14:20,569 --> 03:14:21,670 TERMS OF THE TRANSITION FROM 4263 03:14:21,670 --> 03:14:22,437 FELLOWSHIP TO FACULTY. 4264 03:14:22,437 --> 03:14:23,738 LATER IN MY CAREER I HEARD ABOUT 4265 03:14:23,738 --> 03:14:27,109 A FUNDING OPPORTUNITY FROM THE 4266 03:14:27,109 --> 03:14:32,347 ARTHRITIS FOUNDATION. 4267 03:14:32,347 --> 03:14:35,050 ANNEST TO TRY TO DEVELOP 4268 03:14:35,050 --> 03:14:37,886 RESOURCE FOR GENES THAT 4269 03:14:37,886 --> 03:14:39,454 CONTRIBUTE TO ARTHRITIS AND 4270 03:14:39,454 --> 03:14:43,024 BEFORE THE GWAS ERA AND 4271 03:14:43,024 --> 03:14:46,294 CONCURRENTLY THE NIH AND NIAMS 4272 03:14:46,294 --> 03:14:52,767 AND NIAID WERE TRYING TO CREATE 4273 03:14:52,767 --> 03:14:53,368 THE SAME RESOURCE. 4274 03:14:53,368 --> 03:14:56,271 I WAS ABLE TO JOIN THIS 4275 03:14:56,271 --> 03:14:57,606 IMPRESSIVE GROUP OF 4276 03:14:57,606 --> 03:14:59,040 INVESTIGATORS BARELY OUTSIDE MY 4277 03:14:59,040 --> 03:14:59,875 FELLOWSHIP BECAUSE OF THE 4278 03:14:59,875 --> 03:15:05,313 SUPPORT FROM THE ARTHRITIS 4279 03:15:05,313 --> 03:15:07,649 FOUNDATION. 4280 03:15:07,649 --> 03:15:09,351 IT HIGHLIGHT THE VALUE OF OTHER 4281 03:15:09,351 --> 03:15:10,619 SOURCES OF SUPPORT AND CAN 4282 03:15:10,619 --> 03:15:12,320 ATTEST TO THE FACT THAT ONCE 4283 03:15:12,320 --> 03:15:13,288 AGAIN THIS TEAM SCIENCE 4284 03:15:13,288 --> 03:15:17,559 ENVIRONMENT CAN BE SO VALUABLE 4285 03:15:17,559 --> 03:15:20,095 EVEN TO EARLY CAREER 4286 03:15:20,095 --> 03:15:25,567 INVESTIGATORS AND EXPERTISE TO 4287 03:15:25,567 --> 03:15:28,036 RESOURCES AND DATA SETS. 4288 03:15:28,036 --> 03:15:29,504 IT WAS A FABULOUS OPPORTUNITY 4289 03:15:29,504 --> 03:15:31,373 FOR ME AND HOPE YOU'LL NOT SHY 4290 03:15:31,373 --> 03:15:33,308 AWAY FROM PURSUING OPPORTUNITIES 4291 03:15:33,308 --> 03:15:35,243 TO JOIN RESEARCH EFFORTS. 4292 03:15:35,243 --> 03:15:37,679 LITTLE FISH IN A BIG POND AND 4293 03:15:37,679 --> 03:15:39,347 CAN BE A VALUABLE SOURCE OF 4294 03:15:39,347 --> 03:15:47,055 SUPPORT PARTICULARLY EARLY ON. 4295 03:15:47,055 --> 03:15:50,292 AND I ENJOYED MENTORING AND I 4296 03:15:50,292 --> 03:15:53,895 FOUND IT DEEPLY REWARDING AND 4297 03:15:53,895 --> 03:15:55,797 GRATIFYING AND I FOUND IT 4298 03:15:55,797 --> 03:15:58,166 INTERESTING TO MENTOR ALL AGES 4299 03:15:58,166 --> 03:15:59,868 OF ALL BACKGROUNDS AND HIGH 4300 03:15:59,868 --> 03:16:01,803 SCHOOL STUDENTS INTEREST TRYING 4301 03:16:01,803 --> 03:16:04,272 TO FIGURE OUT WHAT TO DO WITH 4302 03:16:04,272 --> 03:16:06,675 THEIR LIVES AND COLLEGE STUDENTS 4303 03:16:06,675 --> 03:16:10,779 AND CLINICAL COORDINATORS AND 4304 03:16:10,779 --> 03:16:11,813 STATISTICIANS AND PROGRAM 4305 03:16:11,813 --> 03:16:13,615 MANAGERS AND GETTING TO KNOW 4306 03:16:13,615 --> 03:16:15,050 THESE PEOPLE AND WORK WITH THEM 4307 03:16:15,050 --> 03:16:16,985 TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN LIFE GOALS 4308 03:16:16,985 --> 03:16:18,353 NOT JUST ABOUT OUR RESEARCH 4309 03:16:18,353 --> 03:16:19,487 EFFORTS BUT HOW TO MAKE THEM 4310 03:16:19,487 --> 03:16:29,965 HAPPY AND SUCCESSFUL PEOPLE. 4311 03:16:31,499 --> 03:16:35,070 THERE'S MANY THINGS THEY CAN DO 4312 03:16:35,070 --> 03:16:38,640 IN HELPING THROUGH ROUGH TIMES 4313 03:16:38,640 --> 03:16:41,710 AND THE INCREASINGLY FUNDING 4314 03:16:41,710 --> 03:16:43,044 LANDSCAPE AND HOW TO ESTABLISH 4315 03:16:43,044 --> 03:16:43,979 COLLABORATIONS AND HOW TO 4316 03:16:43,979 --> 03:16:45,380 NETWORK, WHICH MEETINGS ARE 4317 03:16:45,380 --> 03:16:45,814 IMPORTANT TO GO TO. 4318 03:16:45,814 --> 03:16:47,482 ETCETERA. 4319 03:16:47,482 --> 03:16:49,751 I HOPE MANY OF YOU WILL ALSO NOT 4320 03:16:49,751 --> 03:16:52,354 SHY AWAY FROM DOING MENTORING 4321 03:16:52,354 --> 03:16:55,056 YOURSELVES EVEN AS AN EARLY 4322 03:16:55,056 --> 03:16:58,493 STAGE INVESTIGATOR. 4323 03:16:58,493 --> 03:17:01,196 I WANT TO SHIFT AND TALK MORE 4324 03:17:01,196 --> 03:17:01,663 ABOUT COLLABORATIONS. 4325 03:17:01,663 --> 03:17:06,134 AS I ALLUDED TO BECAME 4326 03:17:06,134 --> 03:17:07,068 FASCINATED WITH COMPLEX 4327 03:17:07,068 --> 03:17:08,670 RHEUMATIC DISEASE AND ENDED UP 4328 03:17:08,670 --> 03:17:14,409 FOCUSSING ON THE GENETIC AND 4329 03:17:14,409 --> 03:17:15,944 INCREASINGLY THE ENVIRONMENT 4330 03:17:15,944 --> 03:17:16,711 TRKS OF DISORDERS AND THE 4331 03:17:16,711 --> 03:17:17,779 IMPORTANT THEME THROUGH MY 4332 03:17:17,779 --> 03:17:19,648 CAREER AND SOMETHING I'M 4333 03:17:19,648 --> 03:17:24,686 CONVINCED AS ESSENTIAL TO A 4334 03:17:24,686 --> 03:17:34,896 SUCCESS 4335 03:17:44,739 --> 03:17:46,975 SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM TO SUPPORT 4336 03:17:46,975 --> 03:17:48,376 SJOGREN'S DISEASE A 4337 03:17:48,376 --> 03:17:49,878 MISUNDERSTOOD AND UNDER STUDIED 4338 03:17:49,878 --> 03:17:50,145 CONDITION. 4339 03:17:50,145 --> 03:17:53,148 I WAS ABLE TO JOIN AS A 4340 03:17:53,148 --> 03:17:54,716 COLLABORATOR AND RHEUMATOLOGIST 4341 03:17:54,716 --> 03:17:56,785 EARLY ON IN THE EFFORT AND ENDED 4342 03:17:56,785 --> 03:18:00,488 UP ASSUMING A LEADERSHIP 4343 03:18:00,488 --> 03:18:01,589 POSITION ESTABLISHED 4344 03:18:01,589 --> 03:18:03,325 COLLABORATIONS AROUND THE WORLD, 4345 03:18:03,325 --> 03:18:05,860 LEARNED HOW TO DEVELOP 4346 03:18:05,860 --> 03:18:07,228 PROTOCOLS, BIO SPECIMEN 4347 03:18:07,228 --> 03:18:11,032 PROCESSES THAT COULD BE 4348 03:18:11,032 --> 03:18:13,201 IMPLEMENTED AT SERIOUS SITES 4349 03:18:13,201 --> 03:18:14,803 AROUND THE WORLD AND CREATED 4350 03:18:14,803 --> 03:18:17,906 NINE SITES IN SEVEN COUNTRIES 4351 03:18:17,906 --> 03:18:19,841 AND VISITED THEM ALL AND 4352 03:18:19,841 --> 03:18:22,210 CONDUCTED SITE VISITS WAS 4353 03:18:22,210 --> 03:18:23,044 AMAZING AND SOMETHING AN 4354 03:18:23,044 --> 03:18:24,846 INDIVIDUAL INVESTIGATOR OR TEAM 4355 03:18:24,846 --> 03:18:26,047 OR INSTITUTION COULD NOT HAVE 4356 03:18:26,047 --> 03:18:26,548 DONE ON THEIR OWN. 4357 03:18:26,548 --> 03:18:30,719 THE PICTURE ON THE RIGHT IS OF 4358 03:18:30,719 --> 03:18:32,721 THE BIGGEST EYE HOSPITAL IN THE 4359 03:18:32,721 --> 03:18:38,593 WORLD A RESEARCH SITE AND I SAW 4360 03:18:38,593 --> 03:18:39,861 SO MUCH AND LEARNED SO MUCH AND 4361 03:18:39,861 --> 03:18:44,432 WOULD LOVE TO TALK ABOUT IT 4362 03:18:44,432 --> 03:18:45,133 MORE. 4363 03:18:45,133 --> 03:18:47,035 I'LL MOVE ON AND AMAZING 4364 03:18:47,035 --> 03:18:49,871 OPPORTUNITIES. 4365 03:18:49,871 --> 03:18:52,674 I'M GOING TO SHIFT GEARS AND 4366 03:18:52,674 --> 03:18:55,043 TALK ABOUT ADMINISTRATIVE AND 4367 03:18:55,043 --> 03:18:57,846 LEADERSHIP POSITION. 4368 03:18:57,846 --> 03:19:00,515 THE FIRST I HAD TO PURSUE AS A 4369 03:19:00,515 --> 03:19:02,751 DIVISION CHIEF AS OF 4370 03:19:02,751 --> 03:19:04,419 RHEUMATOLOGY DIVISION OF UCSF. 4371 03:19:04,419 --> 03:19:06,654 IT'S AN AMAZING GROUP OF PEOPLE 4372 03:19:06,654 --> 03:19:10,225 AND WHAT AN EDUCATION AND 4373 03:19:10,225 --> 03:19:11,025 PLEASURE IT WAS TO HELP EACH 4374 03:19:11,025 --> 03:19:21,536 ONE- AND WE LOOKED AT HOW TO 4375 03:19:31,112 --> 03:19:32,380 DEVELOP THE MOST IMPACTFUL 4376 03:19:32,380 --> 03:19:33,114 CLINICAL PROGRAM. 4377 03:19:33,114 --> 03:19:35,583 HOW DO WE SUPPORT EARLY CAREER 4378 03:19:35,583 --> 03:19:35,917 INVESTIGATORS? 4379 03:19:35,917 --> 03:19:39,921 HOW CAN WE MAKE OUR PROGRAMS AND 4380 03:19:39,921 --> 03:19:46,194 PEOPLE RUNNING THEM SUSTAINABLE 4381 03:19:46,194 --> 03:19:46,461 CAREERS. 4382 03:19:46,461 --> 03:19:47,762 WITH THE INCREASING CHALLENGES 4383 03:19:47,762 --> 03:19:53,301 OF FUNDING, HOW CAN WE ENSURE 4384 03:19:53,301 --> 03:19:55,036 SUPPORT TO ENSURE THE DIVISION 4385 03:19:55,036 --> 03:19:56,438 CONTINUES TO BE STRONG AND GROW 4386 03:19:56,438 --> 03:19:57,338 AND BE DIVERSE. 4387 03:19:57,338 --> 03:20:06,781 IT'S A FANTASTIC EXPERIENCE. 4388 03:20:06,781 --> 03:20:11,719 I LEARNED THE IMPORTANCE OF 4389 03:20:11,719 --> 03:20:13,388 WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND I TRIED TO 4390 03:20:13,388 --> 03:20:15,990 HIGHLIGHT THAT WITH MY OWN ROLE 4391 03:20:15,990 --> 03:20:19,961 AS A LEADER TALKING ABOUT MY 4392 03:20:19,961 --> 03:20:21,129 INTERESTS OUTSIDE OF WORK. 4393 03:20:21,129 --> 03:20:24,065 SENDING A MESSAGE THAT I EXPECT 4394 03:20:24,065 --> 03:20:26,000 FOLKS TO HAVE OTHER PRIORITIES 4395 03:20:26,000 --> 03:20:28,603 THAT THEY WILL BALANCE. 4396 03:20:28,603 --> 03:20:30,405 THOSE DON'T HAVE TO BE LEFT FOR 4397 03:20:30,405 --> 03:20:32,073 OUTSIDE OF WORK HOURS. 4398 03:20:32,073 --> 03:20:34,609 ONE THING I DID TO SERVE AS A 4399 03:20:34,609 --> 03:20:37,679 MODEL WAS TO GO ON FUND RAISING 4400 03:20:37,679 --> 03:20:38,947 HIKES FOR OUR PROGRAM TO SHOW 4401 03:20:38,947 --> 03:20:41,649 YOU CAN DO OTHER THINGS AND IT'S 4402 03:20:41,649 --> 03:20:44,252 PART OF NOT ONLY BEING A 4403 03:20:44,252 --> 03:20:45,620 WELL-ROUND PERSON BUT BEING THE 4404 03:20:45,620 --> 03:20:47,555 BEST PHYSICIAN AND RESEARCHER 4405 03:20:47,555 --> 03:20:49,023 YOU CAN BE IS TO HAVE BALANCE IN 4406 03:20:49,023 --> 03:20:50,158 YOUR LIFE. 4407 03:20:50,158 --> 03:20:50,959 I'VE ENJOYED TRYING TO SERVE AS 4408 03:20:50,959 --> 03:21:00,835 A MODEL IN THAT FRONT. 4409 03:21:00,835 --> 03:21:02,871 I SERVED AS VICE CHANCELLOR OF 4410 03:21:02,871 --> 03:21:04,839 RESEARCH AT UCSF. 4411 03:21:04,839 --> 03:21:06,441 IT WAS A HIGHER LEVEL OF 4412 03:21:06,441 --> 03:21:15,583 RESPONSE AND ALLOWED ME TO GET A 4413 03:21:15,583 --> 03:21:18,253 BROADER SENSE OF THE CHALLENGES 4414 03:21:18,253 --> 03:21:24,859 AND WE TACKLED MANY PROBLEMS 4415 03:21:24,859 --> 03:21:27,595 INCLUDING CLINICAL TRIALS BIO 4416 03:21:27,595 --> 03:21:29,163 BANKING, EQUITY AND ANTIRACISM 4417 03:21:29,163 --> 03:21:32,834 IN RESEARCH AND MY TERM AS THE 4418 03:21:32,834 --> 03:21:37,171 VICE CHANCELLOR OF RESEARCH 4419 03:21:37,171 --> 03:21:38,139 COINCIDING WITH THE PANDEMIC WAS 4420 03:21:38,139 --> 03:21:39,674 A GREAT CHALLENGE AND I LEARNED 4421 03:21:39,674 --> 03:21:39,908 SO MUCH. 4422 03:21:39,908 --> 03:21:42,210 WHEN THE OPPORTUNITY AROSE TO 4423 03:21:42,210 --> 03:21:44,812 SERVE AT THE NIH, I ENDED UP 4424 03:21:44,812 --> 03:21:46,748 FEELING PRETTY WELL PREPARED 4425 03:21:46,748 --> 03:21:48,850 THANKS TO THE EXPERIENCE I HAD 4426 03:21:48,850 --> 03:21:50,118 RECEIVED IN THAT VICE CHANCELLOR 4427 03:21:50,118 --> 03:21:50,485 ROLE. 4428 03:21:50,485 --> 03:21:52,787 I WANT TO SAY AGAIN I NEVER AS 4429 03:21:52,787 --> 03:21:57,525 PERIOD TO BE A LEADER BUT IF YOU 4430 03:21:57,525 --> 03:21:59,961 FIND THAT LEADING PEOPLE AND 4431 03:21:59,961 --> 03:22:04,933 TEAMS IS GRATIFYING I'D 4432 03:22:04,933 --> 03:22:06,401 ENCOURAGE YOU NOT TO SHY AWAY 4433 03:22:06,401 --> 03:22:06,935 FROM THAT. 4434 03:22:06,935 --> 03:22:08,937 THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY FROM THE 4435 03:22:08,937 --> 03:22:11,039 SWEARING IN CEREMONY ON FEBRUARY 4436 03:22:11,039 --> 03:22:17,478 OF 2021. 4437 03:22:17,478 --> 03:22:19,080 IT'S BEEN A PRIVILEGE AND HONOR 4438 03:22:19,080 --> 03:22:21,316 AND SERVED NEW CHALLENGES AND 4439 03:22:21,316 --> 03:22:26,821 MORE GROWTH FOR WHICH I'M GRATE 4440 03:22:26,821 --> 03:22:30,858 FUL LASTLY AND I'M NOT SURE HOW 4441 03:22:30,858 --> 03:22:32,493 WE'RE DOING ON TIME -- AM I OKAY 4442 03:22:32,493 --> 03:22:33,261 ON TIME? 4443 03:22:33,261 --> 03:22:35,363 THANKS. 4444 03:22:35,363 --> 03:22:40,969 I WANTED TO SHIFT GEARS AND TALK 4445 03:22:40,969 --> 03:22:44,172 ABOUT THE OPPORTUNITIES 4446 03:22:44,172 --> 03:22:45,673 AVAILABLE TO OUR BIRCWH SCHOLARS 4447 03:22:45,673 --> 03:22:47,442 TO MAKE SURE YOU'RE THINKING 4448 03:22:47,442 --> 03:22:48,109 BROADLY ABOUT OPPORTUNITIES AND 4449 03:22:48,109 --> 03:22:57,619 RESOURCES FOR YOUR CAREER. 4450 03:22:57,619 --> 03:22:59,654 NIAMS IS ONLY ONE OF 27 4451 03:22:59,654 --> 03:23:01,022 INSTITUTES AND CENTERS AND IF 4452 03:23:01,022 --> 03:23:02,857 YOU WERE TO THINK ABOUT THESE 4453 03:23:02,857 --> 03:23:04,792 INDIVIDUAL CENTERS WOULD FIND 4454 03:23:04,792 --> 03:23:07,695 ONE THAT MOST CLOSELY ALIGNS 4455 03:23:07,695 --> 03:23:08,830 WITH YOUR RESEARCH INTEREST BUT 4456 03:23:08,830 --> 03:23:10,164 ENCOURAGE TO YOU THINK MORE 4457 03:23:10,164 --> 03:23:10,431 BROADLY. 4458 03:23:10,431 --> 03:23:12,734 ANY ONE OF US CAN IDENTIFY THREE 4459 03:23:12,734 --> 03:23:13,701 OR FOUR OR FIVE OR SIX 4460 03:23:13,701 --> 03:23:18,406 INSTITUTES WITH RELEVANCE. 4461 03:23:18,406 --> 03:23:19,807 THEY'RE BROADLY OVERLAPPING 4462 03:23:19,807 --> 03:23:24,779 AREAS AND THEY OFFER DIFFERENT 4463 03:23:24,779 --> 03:23:31,719 OPPORTUNITIES. 4464 03:23:31,719 --> 03:23:34,656 DON'T BE NARROW AND THEY OFFER 4465 03:23:34,656 --> 03:23:35,256 DIFFERENT OPPORTUNITIES AND 4466 03:23:35,256 --> 03:23:36,557 BUDGET AND OPPORTUNITIES. 4467 03:23:36,557 --> 03:23:38,226 KEEP AN OPEN MIND WHEN YOU START 4468 03:23:38,226 --> 03:23:40,228 LOOKING AT THE NIH AND BEYOND OF 4469 03:23:40,228 --> 03:23:43,197 COURSE OUTSIDE THE NIH AS I'VE 4470 03:23:43,197 --> 03:23:49,137 MENTIONED. 4471 03:23:49,137 --> 03:23:52,707 I WANTED TO SHARE THE RO1 4472 03:23:52,707 --> 03:23:53,675 GRANTS. 4473 03:23:53,675 --> 03:23:56,844 THEY'RE TYPICALLY A COMMON 4474 03:23:56,844 --> 03:24:00,882 MECHANISM TO SUPPORT A PROJECT 4475 03:24:00,882 --> 03:24:01,949 INVESTIGATOR INITIATED OPPOSED 4476 03:24:01,949 --> 03:24:05,420 TO A RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC 4477 03:24:05,420 --> 03:24:06,854 FUNDING OPPORTUNITY. 4478 03:24:06,854 --> 03:24:08,189 INCREASINGLY THEY CAN BE 4479 03:24:08,189 --> 03:24:09,424 MULTI-P.I. THAT CREATES THE TEAM 4480 03:24:09,424 --> 03:24:11,059 ENVIRONMENT THAT COULD BE SO 4481 03:24:11,059 --> 03:24:16,130 IMPACTFUL AND HELPFUL. 4482 03:24:16,130 --> 03:24:17,665 THE BUDGET IS PRETTY GENEROUS 4483 03:24:17,665 --> 03:24:19,967 AND THERE'S A PROCESS FOR 4484 03:24:19,967 --> 03:24:21,235 REQUESTING HIGHER BUDGET 4485 03:24:21,235 --> 03:24:22,437 PROJECTS WHEN THAT IS 4486 03:24:22,437 --> 03:24:24,405 APPROPRIATE AND WELL JUSTIFIED. 4487 03:24:24,405 --> 03:24:25,840 TYPICALLY THE PROJECT PERIOD MAY 4488 03:24:25,840 --> 03:24:27,475 BE UP TO FIVE YEARS WHICH IS 4489 03:24:27,475 --> 03:24:30,411 REALLY NICE IN TERMS OF TRYING 4490 03:24:30,411 --> 03:24:32,547 TO ESTABLISH STABLE FUNDING FOR 4491 03:24:32,547 --> 03:24:33,414 RESEARCH PROGRAM AND IMPORTANTLY 4492 03:24:33,414 --> 03:24:37,885 I HOPE YOU'RE ALL AWARE THAT 4493 03:24:37,885 --> 03:24:40,154 MOST INSTITUTES AT THE NIH HAVE 4494 03:24:40,154 --> 03:24:41,789 WHAT'S CALLED A MORE GENEROUS 4495 03:24:41,789 --> 03:24:42,790 PAY LINE. 4496 03:24:42,790 --> 03:24:46,127 THAT IS A THRESHOLD FOR FUNDING 4497 03:24:46,127 --> 03:24:48,129 BASED ON A SCORE FOR EARLY STAGE 4498 03:24:48,129 --> 03:24:48,463 INVESTIGATORS. 4499 03:24:48,463 --> 03:24:50,565 SO IF YOU HAVEN'T HEARD ABOUT 4500 03:24:50,565 --> 03:24:52,667 THAT, MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND 4501 03:24:52,667 --> 03:24:54,669 WHAT THE CRITERIA ARE FOR BEING 4502 03:24:54,669 --> 03:24:55,803 CONSIDERED AN EARLY STAGE 4503 03:24:55,803 --> 03:24:57,939 INVESTIGATOR SO YOU CAN TAKE 4504 03:24:57,939 --> 03:24:59,574 ADVANTAGE OF THAT AS YOU START 4505 03:24:59,574 --> 03:25:00,908 TO APPLY FOR INDEPENDENT 4506 03:25:00,908 --> 03:25:06,247 RESEARCH FUNDING AT THE NIH. 4507 03:25:06,247 --> 03:25:07,048 REALLY AN IMPORTANT OPPORTUNITY 4508 03:25:07,048 --> 03:25:09,016 YOU DON'T WANT TO MISS. 4509 03:25:09,016 --> 03:25:11,919 FOR EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS 4510 03:25:11,919 --> 03:25:13,621 THERE'S A RELATIVELY NEW PROGRAM 4511 03:25:13,621 --> 03:25:16,924 NAMED AFTER THE PREVIOUS 4512 03:25:16,924 --> 03:25:18,459 DIRECTOR OF NIAMS BECAUSE HE WAS 4513 03:25:18,459 --> 03:25:21,195 COMMITTED TO EARLY STAGE 4514 03:25:21,195 --> 03:25:21,529 INVESTIGATORS. 4515 03:25:21,529 --> 03:25:23,464 THIS RO1 TYPE GRANT IS MEANT FOR 4516 03:25:23,464 --> 03:25:25,967 HIGH RISK PROJECTS IN THE SENSE 4517 03:25:25,967 --> 03:25:26,868 THAT NO PRELIMINARY DATA ARE 4518 03:25:26,868 --> 03:25:27,502 REQUIRED. 4519 03:25:27,502 --> 03:25:30,905 IN FACT, YOU'RE NOT EVEN ALLOWED 4520 03:25:30,905 --> 03:25:32,540 TO INCLUDE PRELIMINARY DATA WITH 4521 03:25:32,540 --> 03:25:33,274 YOUR APPLICATION. 4522 03:25:33,274 --> 03:25:34,976 IT WILL BE SENT BACK. 4523 03:25:34,976 --> 03:25:36,677 THIS ALLOWS SOMEONE TO PURSUE AN 4524 03:25:36,677 --> 03:25:38,846 AREA OF RESEARCH COMPLETELY 4525 03:25:38,846 --> 03:25:42,683 DIFFERENT FROM ANYTHING THEY'VE 4526 03:25:42,683 --> 03:25:53,194 DONE OR LOOK AT THE VALUABLE 4527 03:25:54,929 --> 03:25:55,163 OPPORTUNITY. 4528 03:25:55,163 --> 03:25:57,465 I WANT TO MAKE SURE YOU'RE ALSO 4529 03:25:57,465 --> 03:25:59,634 AWARE, AS I WAS NOT, WHAT 4530 03:25:59,634 --> 03:26:00,568 RESOURCES YOU HAVE IN THE PEOPLE 4531 03:26:00,568 --> 03:26:02,870 THAT WORK AT THE INSTITUTES AT 4532 03:26:02,870 --> 03:26:13,014 THE NIH. 4533 03:26:15,650 --> 03:26:18,753 I NEVER REALLY REACHED OUT TO MY 4534 03:26:18,753 --> 03:26:20,655 PROGRAM OFFICER AND THAT'S THE 4535 03:26:20,655 --> 03:26:23,057 BEST PART OF THEIR JOB RUNNING 4536 03:26:23,057 --> 03:26:26,894 IDEAS BY THEM. 4537 03:26:26,894 --> 03:26:28,429 DO YOU THINK MY AIMS ARE 4538 03:26:28,429 --> 03:26:29,297 APPROPRIATE FOR YOUR INSTITUTE. 4539 03:26:29,297 --> 03:26:30,398 WHAT DO YOU RECOMMEND? 4540 03:26:30,398 --> 03:26:31,866 DO YOU THINK IT'S FAR ENOUGH 4541 03:26:31,866 --> 03:26:32,133 LONG. 4542 03:26:32,133 --> 03:26:34,435 THE PROGRAM OFFICER IS A 4543 03:26:34,435 --> 03:26:35,837 CRITICAL RESOURCE PARTICULARLY 4544 03:26:35,837 --> 03:26:37,805 FOR EARLY CAREER INVESTIGATORS. 4545 03:26:37,805 --> 03:26:39,073 SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OFFICERS CAN 4546 03:26:39,073 --> 03:26:44,579 ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT THE 4547 03:26:44,579 --> 03:26:46,380 PROCESSES AND THE GRANTS 4548 03:26:46,380 --> 03:26:47,048 MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST CAN HELP 4549 03:26:47,048 --> 03:26:49,283 WITH THE BUDGETARY ASPECTS. 4550 03:26:49,283 --> 03:26:51,953 SO DON'T BE SHY ABOUT REACHING 4551 03:26:51,953 --> 03:26:55,056 OUT AND REACH OUT TO PROGRAM 4552 03:26:55,056 --> 03:26:55,623 OFFICERS ACROSS DIFFERENT 4553 03:26:55,623 --> 03:26:58,392 INSTITUTES WHO YOU THINK MIGHT 4554 03:26:58,392 --> 03:27:02,897 BE INTERESTED GIVEN YOUR 4555 03:27:02,897 --> 03:27:13,407 RESEARCH INTERESTS. 4556 03:27:13,407 --> 03:27:15,443 MANY INSTITUTIONS OFFER 4557 03:27:15,443 --> 03:27:16,677 INTRAMURAL GRANTS AND GRANTS ARE 4558 03:27:16,677 --> 03:27:19,046 VALUABLE FOR THE TEAM 4559 03:27:19,046 --> 03:27:20,481 ENVIRONMENT THAT'S CREATED. 4560 03:27:20,481 --> 03:27:21,983 PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY 4561 03:27:21,983 --> 03:27:23,050 INCREASINGLY OFFER NOT ONLY 4562 03:27:23,050 --> 03:27:25,920 GRANTS BUT GRANT WRITING 4563 03:27:25,920 --> 03:27:26,187 WORKSHOPS. 4564 03:27:26,187 --> 03:27:28,456 IT'S AN A CRITICALLY IMPORTANT 4565 03:27:28,456 --> 03:27:28,756 SKILL. 4566 03:27:28,756 --> 03:27:31,058 THERE'S PATIENT REGISTRIES 4567 03:27:31,058 --> 03:27:33,361 INCREASINGLY AVAILABLE FOR 4568 03:27:33,361 --> 03:27:34,428 LEVERAGING LARGE DATA SETS AND 4569 03:27:34,428 --> 03:27:36,163 WITH THE NEW EXPECTATIONS FOR 4570 03:27:36,163 --> 03:27:36,497 DATA SHARING. 4571 03:27:36,497 --> 03:27:39,500 THESE WILL INCREASINGLY BE A 4572 03:27:39,500 --> 03:27:43,337 VALUABLE FOR THE RESEARCH 4573 03:27:43,337 --> 03:27:52,413 COMMUNITY. 4574 03:27:52,413 --> 03:27:55,049 AND DON'T OVERLOOK THE REVIEW 4575 03:27:55,049 --> 03:27:56,884 PROCESS AND MAKE SURE YOU'RE 4576 03:27:56,884 --> 03:28:04,525 AWARE OF AN EARLY CAREER 4577 03:28:04,525 --> 03:28:07,361 REVIEWER PROGRAM OPEN TO PEOPLE 4578 03:28:07,361 --> 03:28:08,429 WHO HAVE HAD LAST ONE YEAR OF 4579 03:28:08,429 --> 03:28:10,398 EXPERIENCE AS A FULL-TIME 4580 03:28:10,398 --> 03:28:13,668 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AND HAVE TO 4581 03:28:13,668 --> 03:28:17,672 HAVE AN ACTIVE INDEPENDENT 4582 03:28:17,672 --> 03:28:18,706 RESEARCH PROGRAM BUT HAVEN'T YET 4583 03:28:18,706 --> 03:28:20,408 SECURED RO1 FUNDING SO EARLY 4584 03:28:20,408 --> 03:28:23,044 UPON IT'S AN OPPORTUNITY TO GET 4585 03:28:23,044 --> 03:28:25,746 AN INSIDER'S VIEW AND 4586 03:28:25,746 --> 03:28:28,082 PARTICIPATE IN A REVIEW PROCESS. 4587 03:28:28,082 --> 03:28:30,952 IT'S EXTREMELY ENLIGHTENING AND 4588 03:28:30,952 --> 03:28:31,319 INFORMATIVE. 4589 03:28:31,319 --> 03:28:33,754 I WISH I HAD THIS OPPORTUNITY AT 4590 03:28:33,754 --> 03:28:35,056 THAT STAGE AND ENCOURAGE ALL OF 4591 03:28:35,056 --> 03:28:37,491 YOU TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THESE 4592 03:28:37,491 --> 03:28:38,893 IF YOU MEET THE CRITERIA. 4593 03:28:38,893 --> 03:28:44,899 PLEASE CHECK THIS OUT. 4594 03:28:44,899 --> 03:28:47,034 I'M ASSUMING MY SLIDES WILL BE 4595 03:28:47,034 --> 03:28:48,436 SHARED FOR LINKS. 4596 03:28:48,436 --> 03:28:50,738 NOTHING CONFIDENTIAL HERE. 4597 03:28:50,738 --> 03:28:53,074 GIVEN THE TIMING, IF YOU CHOOSE 4598 03:28:53,074 --> 03:28:55,042 TOE APPLY FOR THE RO1 GRANT YOU 4599 03:28:55,042 --> 03:29:00,214 MAY BE SUBMITTING AT A TIME WHEN 4600 03:29:00,214 --> 03:29:05,953 THE NEW CRITERIA HAVE BEEN 4601 03:29:05,953 --> 03:29:07,054 MRIM 4602 03:29:07,054 --> 03:29:08,255 IMPLEMENTED. 4603 03:29:08,255 --> 03:29:11,092 JUST FOR YOUR AWARENESS 4604 03:29:11,092 --> 03:29:13,260 TRADITIONALLY AND STILL TODAY 4605 03:29:13,260 --> 03:29:15,763 THERE'S BEEN FIVE FACTORS 4606 03:29:15,763 --> 03:29:19,033 CONSIDERED TO ASSESS THE MERIT 4607 03:29:19,033 --> 03:29:19,767 OF APPLICATIONS. 4608 03:29:19,767 --> 03:29:22,670 THESE INCLUDE THE AREAS OF 4609 03:29:22,670 --> 03:29:24,038 SIGNIFICANCE, INNOVATION, 4610 03:29:24,038 --> 03:29:29,110 APPROACH, INVESTIGATOR AND 4611 03:29:29,110 --> 03:29:30,711 ENVIRONMENT. 4612 03:29:30,711 --> 03:29:32,313 THE NEW CRITERIA FOR 4613 03:29:32,313 --> 03:29:35,016 APPLICATIONS RECEIVED STARTING 4614 03:29:35,016 --> 03:29:36,584 JANUARY, 2025 HAVE THREE GOALS 4615 03:29:36,584 --> 03:29:37,918 IN MIND. 4616 03:29:37,918 --> 03:29:40,121 FIRST, THEY REALLY WANT TO FOCUS 4617 03:29:40,121 --> 03:29:43,858 THE REVIEW ON THE IMPORTANT 4618 03:29:43,858 --> 03:29:45,393 PROJECTS, QUESTIONS SHOULD THE 4619 03:29:45,393 --> 03:29:46,427 PROPOSED RESEARCH BE CONDUCT AND 4620 03:29:46,427 --> 03:29:48,963 CAN IT BE CONDUCTED. 4621 03:29:48,963 --> 03:29:51,732 THEY ALSO WANT TO MITIGATE THE 4622 03:29:51,732 --> 03:29:54,435 EFFECT OF REPUTATIONAL BIAS. 4623 03:29:54,435 --> 03:29:55,469 LET'S THINK ABOUT THE 4624 03:29:55,469 --> 03:29:57,004 INVESTIGATOR AND THE PROJECT NOT 4625 03:29:57,004 --> 03:30:00,041 ABOUT THE MENTOR OR PRESTIGE OF 4626 03:30:00,041 --> 03:30:00,408 THE INSTITUTION. 4627 03:30:00,408 --> 03:30:04,979 AN IMPORTANT GOAL. 4628 03:30:04,979 --> 03:30:07,815 AND THIRD REDUCE REVIEWER BURDEN 4629 03:30:07,815 --> 03:30:11,018 FOCUSSING ON THE QUESTIONS NOT 4630 03:30:11,018 --> 03:30:12,019 THE REGULATORY COMPLIANCE 4631 03:30:12,019 --> 03:30:16,223 ISSUES. 4632 03:30:16,223 --> 03:30:20,928 TO ACHIEVE THESE GOALS AND 4633 03:30:20,928 --> 03:30:22,863 THERE'S A SCORE FROM ONE TO NINE 4634 03:30:22,863 --> 03:30:24,532 FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF THE 4635 03:30:24,532 --> 03:30:26,867 RESEARCH AND SIMILARLY A SCORE 4636 03:30:26,867 --> 03:30:29,503 FROM ONE TO NINE FOR RIGOR AND 4637 03:30:29,503 --> 03:30:29,904 FEASIBILITY. 4638 03:30:29,904 --> 03:30:32,039 THE INVESTIGATOR AND ENVIRONMENT 4639 03:30:32,039 --> 03:30:34,141 ARE EVALUATED AS SUFFICIENT OR 4640 03:30:34,141 --> 03:30:34,308 NOT. 4641 03:30:34,308 --> 03:30:39,647 I THINK THESE ARE GREAT CHANGES 4642 03:30:39,647 --> 03:30:41,949 AND MANY WILL BECOME FAMILIAR 4643 03:30:41,949 --> 03:30:43,150 WITH THESE AND THESE ARE CHANGES 4644 03:30:43,150 --> 03:30:46,420 THAT AFFECT THE REVIEW OF THE 4645 03:30:46,420 --> 03:30:46,754 APPLICATIONS. 4646 03:30:46,754 --> 03:30:56,931 NOT WHAT HAS TO BE SUBMITTED. 4647 03:30:56,931 --> 03:30:59,066 YOU'LL STILL BE SUBMIT THE SAME 4648 03:30:59,066 --> 03:31:00,067 MATERIAL. 4649 03:31:00,067 --> 03:31:02,937 ONE LAST SUMMARY SLIDE AND THEN 4650 03:31:02,937 --> 03:31:06,607 I'M HAPPY TO TAKE A FEW 4651 03:31:06,607 --> 03:31:08,909 QUESTIONS BEFORE YOUR OVERDUE 4652 03:31:08,909 --> 03:31:09,176 BREAK. 4653 03:31:09,176 --> 03:31:12,113 A FEW THINGS I WANT YOU TO 4654 03:31:12,113 --> 03:31:12,680 TAKEAWAY. 4655 03:31:12,680 --> 03:31:14,215 REVIEW PRIORITIES AND GOALS. 4656 03:31:14,215 --> 03:31:17,017 IF YOU'RE CONTEMPLATING TRYING 4657 03:31:17,017 --> 03:31:18,219 TO SECURE NIH FUNDING. 4658 03:31:18,219 --> 03:31:20,888 LEARN THE APPLICATION REVIEW 4659 03:31:20,888 --> 03:31:21,388 PROCESS. 4660 03:31:21,388 --> 03:31:23,057 I'VE TALKED ABOUT CLUES HOW TO 4661 03:31:23,057 --> 03:31:24,825 DO THAT. 4662 03:31:24,825 --> 03:31:26,327 IDENTIFY GRANT PROGRAMS OFFERED 4663 03:31:26,327 --> 03:31:27,661 BY EACH INSTITUTE AND CENTER. 4664 03:31:27,661 --> 03:31:29,563 MAKE EARLY CONTACT WITH PROGRAM 4665 03:31:29,563 --> 03:31:30,731 OFFICERS AND OF COURSE MAKE SURE 4666 03:31:30,731 --> 03:31:33,467 YOU'RE LOOKING OUTSIDE THE NIH 4667 03:31:33,467 --> 03:31:35,136 FOR FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES 4668 03:31:35,136 --> 03:31:37,705 LOCALLY, REGIONALLY AND 4669 03:31:37,705 --> 03:31:38,772 PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 4670 03:31:38,772 --> 03:31:41,709 AND FIND INNOVATIVE WELL 4671 03:31:41,709 --> 03:31:42,543 RESPECTED MENTORS. 4672 03:31:42,543 --> 03:31:44,945 I FAILED TO MENTION EARLIER BUT 4673 03:31:44,945 --> 03:31:46,213 INCREASINGLY YOU SHOULD THINK 4674 03:31:46,213 --> 03:31:47,781 ABOUT A TEAM OF MENTORS. 4675 03:31:47,781 --> 03:31:49,450 NO ONE PERSON CAN POSSIBLY 4676 03:31:49,450 --> 03:31:51,652 PROVIDE EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO 4677 03:31:51,652 --> 03:31:52,453 SUPPORT YOUR CAREER THROUGHOUT 4678 03:31:52,453 --> 03:31:52,887 YOUR CAREER. 4679 03:31:52,887 --> 03:31:55,055 YOU SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT A 4680 03:31:55,055 --> 03:31:56,957 CAREER MENTOR AND SCIENTIFIC 4681 03:31:56,957 --> 03:31:59,059 MENTOR AND MAYBE ALSO A 4682 03:31:59,059 --> 03:32:00,995 TECHNICAL MENTOR AND YOU'RE 4683 03:32:00,995 --> 03:32:02,796 CHOICE OF MENTORS MAY EVOLVE 4684 03:32:02,796 --> 03:32:03,364 OVER TIME. 4685 03:32:03,364 --> 03:32:03,697 THAT'S OKAY. 4686 03:32:03,697 --> 03:32:06,133 YOU DON'T HAVE TO KEEP THE SAME 4687 03:32:06,133 --> 03:32:07,601 MENTORS THE REST OF YOUR CAREER. 4688 03:32:07,601 --> 03:32:08,936 THE NEEDS WILL CHANGE AND 4689 03:32:08,936 --> 03:32:09,703 OPPORTUNITIES WILL CHANGE. 4690 03:32:09,703 --> 03:32:12,506 YOU SHOULD ALWAYS THINK ABOUT 4691 03:32:12,506 --> 03:32:14,942 YOUR MENTORS AS A DYNAMIC 4692 03:32:14,942 --> 03:32:17,044 PROCESS. 4693 03:32:17,044 --> 03:32:19,980 AND SPEAKING OF YOUR MENTORS, 4694 03:32:19,980 --> 03:32:21,048 ASK TO READ THEIR SUCCESSFUL 4695 03:32:21,048 --> 03:32:21,982 GRANT APPLICATIONS. 4696 03:32:21,982 --> 03:32:26,620 DON'T BE SHY TO LEARN FROM 4697 03:32:26,620 --> 03:32:28,289 OTHERS' SUCCESSES AND BEHAVIORS 4698 03:32:28,289 --> 03:32:30,024 AND BE PREPARED TO PROPOSE YOUR 4699 03:32:30,024 --> 03:32:31,225 BEST AND MOST CREATIVE IDEAS. 4700 03:32:31,225 --> 03:32:31,525 . 4701 03:32:31,525 --> 03:32:33,427 DON'T BE SHY. 4702 03:32:33,427 --> 03:32:35,062 THERE'S HIGH RISK GRANT PROGRAMS 4703 03:32:35,062 --> 03:32:35,863 OUT THERE. 4704 03:32:35,863 --> 03:32:37,097 DON'T BE TOO CONSERVATIVE IN 4705 03:32:37,097 --> 03:32:38,966 THINKING ABOUT THE IDEA YOU WANT 4706 03:32:38,966 --> 03:32:41,969 TO PURSUE. 4707 03:32:41,969 --> 03:32:44,471 LAST BUT NOT LEAST, PERSEVERE. 4708 03:32:44,471 --> 03:32:45,973 I MENTIONED BRIEFLY THE NUMEROUS 4709 03:32:45,973 --> 03:32:52,046 ATTEMPTS IT TOOK FOR ME TO GET A 4710 03:32:52,046 --> 03:32:55,115 P30 GRANT BUT I HAVE CERTAINLY 4711 03:32:55,115 --> 03:32:56,951 APPLIED FOR MORE GRANTS THAN I 4712 03:32:56,951 --> 03:32:58,285 RECEIVED AND YOU'LL FIND THAT 4713 03:32:58,285 --> 03:33:01,589 TRUE SO PERSEVERANCE IS 4714 03:33:01,589 --> 03:33:02,256 IMPORTANT. 4715 03:33:02,256 --> 03:33:04,058 ON THAT NOTE, I'M HAPPY TO TAKE 4716 03:33:04,058 --> 03:33:14,568 ANY QUESTIONS IF WE HAVE TIME. 4717 03:33:24,245 --> 03:33:27,915 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT INSPIRING 4718 03:33:27,915 --> 03:33:28,616 PRESENTATION. 4719 03:33:28,616 --> 03:33:34,688 I'M FROM THE UIC BIRCWH. 4720 03:33:34,688 --> 03:33:45,165 IT'S VERY FREQUENT WE GUIDE 4721 03:33:49,570 --> 03:33:50,971 SCHOLARS AND WHAT OPPORTUNITIES 4722 03:33:50,971 --> 03:33:52,773 DID YOU SAY NO TO AND SOMETIMES 4723 03:33:52,773 --> 03:34:01,315 WE TELL THEM YOU SHOULDN'T DO 4724 03:34:01,315 --> 03:34:02,316 THIS OR THAT AND IT COULD BE A 4725 03:34:02,316 --> 03:34:05,919 GREAT TUPT. 4726 03:34:05,919 --> 03:34:06,954 -- OPPORTUNITY. 4727 03:34:06,954 --> 03:34:10,124 >> I GAVE WHAT TURNED OUT TO BE 4728 03:34:10,124 --> 03:34:12,092 A CONTROVERSIAL PRESENTATION AND 4729 03:34:12,092 --> 03:34:19,333 THE TITLE WAS JUST SAY NO. 4730 03:34:19,333 --> 03:34:22,036 THIS OCCURRED AT A TIME WHEN I 4731 03:34:22,036 --> 03:34:24,204 HAD TWINS AND HAD TO BALANCE ALL 4732 03:34:24,204 --> 03:34:25,639 THESE DIFFERENT RESPONSIBILITIES 4733 03:34:25,639 --> 03:34:27,941 BUT IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO BE 4734 03:34:27,941 --> 03:34:29,109 SELECTIVE ABOUT THE THINGS YOU 4735 03:34:29,109 --> 03:34:35,482 AGREE TO DO FOR MANY REASONS. 4736 03:34:35,482 --> 03:34:37,818 YOU ONLY HAVE SO MUCH TIME IN 4737 03:34:37,818 --> 03:34:39,720 THE DAY AND YEARS IN YOUR LIFE. 4738 03:34:39,720 --> 03:34:41,288 YOU HAVE TO FOCUS ON THINGS 4739 03:34:41,288 --> 03:34:42,690 WHERE YOU FEEL YOU CAN MAKE A 4740 03:34:42,690 --> 03:34:42,990 DIFFERENCE. 4741 03:34:42,990 --> 03:34:44,992 IT'S ALIGNED WITH YOUR 4742 03:34:44,992 --> 03:34:48,762 INTERESTS. 4743 03:34:48,762 --> 03:34:51,799 THERE'S SO MANY ASPECTS TO THIS. 4744 03:34:51,799 --> 03:34:53,167 ALONG THOSE LINES I TRIED TO 4745 03:34:53,167 --> 03:34:54,568 TELL PEOPLE DON'T TRY TO ACHIEVE 4746 03:34:54,568 --> 03:34:57,838 THIS STATUS OF A TRIPLE THREAT, 4747 03:34:57,838 --> 03:34:59,707 TEACHER, CLINICIAN, RESEARCHER, 4748 03:34:59,707 --> 03:35:01,642 I DON'T THINK IT'S FEASIBLE. 4749 03:35:01,642 --> 03:35:03,477 I DON'T THINK IT'S REALISTIC. 4750 03:35:03,477 --> 03:35:05,012 AT A CERTAIN POINT IN MY CAREER 4751 03:35:05,012 --> 03:35:10,651 I DECIDED I COULDN'T CONTINUE TO 4752 03:35:10,651 --> 03:35:15,656 BE THE TYPE OF CLINICIAN MY 4753 03:35:15,656 --> 03:35:17,391 PATIENTS NEED AND STILL PUT IN 4754 03:35:17,391 --> 03:35:24,431 THE TIME AND EFFORT AND DECIDED 4755 03:35:24,431 --> 03:35:26,567 WHAT I FELT MOST PASSIONATE 4756 03:35:26,567 --> 03:35:28,001 ABOUT WAS MY RESEARCH PROGRAM 4757 03:35:28,001 --> 03:35:29,103 AND BACKED AWAY FROM SOME OF 4758 03:35:29,103 --> 03:35:30,471 THOSE ACTIVITY. 4759 03:35:30,471 --> 03:35:31,171 THAT'S OKAY. 4760 03:35:31,171 --> 03:35:32,973 IF YOU COMMIT TO TOO MANY THINGS 4761 03:35:32,973 --> 03:35:35,342 YOU'LL ALWAYS BE LETTING PEOPLE 4762 03:35:35,342 --> 03:35:37,378 DOWN AND FEELING FRUSTRATED WITH 4763 03:35:37,378 --> 03:35:37,644 YOURSELF. 4764 03:35:37,644 --> 03:35:40,447 YOU'LL BE BURNED OUT AND I TRY 4765 03:35:40,447 --> 03:35:42,383 TO ALWAYS TALK ABOUT GETTING 4766 03:35:42,383 --> 03:35:43,817 INTO A SUSTAINABLE MODE. 4767 03:35:43,817 --> 03:35:46,286 IF YOU'RE NOT IN A SUSTAINABLE 4768 03:35:46,286 --> 03:35:48,055 SITUATION SOMETHING HAS TO 4769 03:35:48,055 --> 03:35:48,288 CHANGE. 4770 03:35:48,288 --> 03:35:49,022 I ALSO TALK ABOUT EVERYBODY 4771 03:35:49,022 --> 03:35:53,460 NEEDING TO TAKE A MATERNITY 4772 03:35:53,460 --> 03:35:54,995 LEAVE ONCE EVERY 10 YEARS TO GET 4773 03:35:54,995 --> 03:36:00,667 ACROSS THE NOTION YOU NEED TO 4774 03:36:00,667 --> 03:36:06,206 HELLO AND TAKE A STEP BACK AND 4775 03:36:06,206 --> 03:36:08,542 THERE'S A LOT ON YOUR PLATE AND 4776 03:36:08,542 --> 03:36:09,443 CONTRIBUTE THE MOST. 4777 03:36:09,443 --> 03:36:11,078 ALSO WHEN IT COMES TO 4778 03:36:11,078 --> 03:36:13,313 ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEADERSHIP 4779 03:36:13,313 --> 03:36:14,281 POSITIONS THINK ABOUT WHETHER 4780 03:36:14,281 --> 03:36:15,048 THERE'S ANY COMPENSATION 4781 03:36:15,048 --> 03:36:16,483 ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTIVITY. 4782 03:36:16,483 --> 03:36:18,118 THAT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT 4783 03:36:18,118 --> 03:36:18,619 CONSIDERATION AS WELL. 4784 03:36:18,619 --> 03:36:21,288 YOU DON'T WANT TO SPREAD 4785 03:36:21,288 --> 03:36:22,289 YOURSELF TOO THIN. 4786 03:36:22,289 --> 03:36:25,659 I COULD GO ON AN ON THE TOPIC 4787 03:36:25,659 --> 03:36:27,060 BUT I WANT TO TAKE A COUPLE 4788 03:36:27,060 --> 03:36:29,096 OTHER QUESTIONS OVER HERE. 4789 03:36:29,096 --> 03:36:31,832 >> EXCELLENT TALK. 4790 03:36:31,832 --> 03:36:33,267 I'M A SCHOLAR FROM DUKE. 4791 03:36:33,267 --> 03:36:39,139 MY QUESTION CENTERS ON THE NEW 4792 03:36:39,139 --> 03:36:40,140 GREETING MODEL WHERE FEASIBILITY 4793 03:36:40,140 --> 03:36:43,644 IS ONE OF THE ELEMENTS AND HOW 4794 03:36:43,644 --> 03:36:45,412 DOES THAT GET EVALUATED AT THE 4795 03:36:45,412 --> 03:36:48,449 CONTEXT OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND 4796 03:36:48,449 --> 03:36:49,082 INSTITUTION? 4797 03:36:49,082 --> 03:36:50,384 WILL THAT STILL FACTOR IN IN THE 4798 03:36:50,384 --> 03:36:51,618 NEW MODEL YOU THINK? 4799 03:36:51,618 --> 03:36:55,055 >> WHAT THE REVIEWERS ARE GOING 4800 03:36:55,055 --> 03:36:58,826 TO BE ASKED IS CAN THIS PERSON 4801 03:36:58,826 --> 03:36:59,259 DO THIS PROJECT? 4802 03:36:59,259 --> 03:37:01,862 DO THEY HAVE THE RESOURCES AND 4803 03:37:01,862 --> 03:37:04,431 EXPERTISE TO DO IT? 4804 03:37:04,431 --> 03:37:06,934 WHAT THEY'RE NOT IF IT'S TRYING 4805 03:37:06,934 --> 03:37:08,435 TO AVOID A SITUATION WHERE THE 4806 03:37:08,435 --> 03:37:09,603 APPLICATION COMES IN AND THIS 4807 03:37:09,603 --> 03:37:11,371 PERSON IS FROM HARVARD. 4808 03:37:11,371 --> 03:37:13,540 OF COURSE, THAT MEANS SUCH AND 4809 03:37:13,540 --> 03:37:15,042 SUCH AND ANOTHER APPLICATION 4810 03:37:15,042 --> 03:37:16,710 COMES FROM ANOTHER INSTITUTION 4811 03:37:16,710 --> 03:37:19,246 THAT IS NOT AS GENEROUSLY 4812 03:37:19,246 --> 03:37:21,048 RESOURCED AND CREATES A BIAS IN 4813 03:37:21,048 --> 03:37:23,150 THE REVIEWER'S MIND. 4814 03:37:23,150 --> 03:37:25,953 IT'S REALLY SUPPOSED TO BE 4815 03:37:25,953 --> 03:37:26,887 NARROWLY FOCUSSED ON CAN THAT 4816 03:37:26,887 --> 03:37:29,923 PERSON WITH THEIR BACKGROUND AND 4817 03:37:29,923 --> 03:37:31,625 EXPERTISE DO THAT PROJECT AT 4818 03:37:31,625 --> 03:37:31,959 THAT PLACE? 4819 03:37:31,959 --> 03:37:34,962 DO THEY HAVE THE RESOURCES 4820 03:37:34,962 --> 03:37:35,729 ACCESSIBLE? 4821 03:37:35,729 --> 03:37:38,565 THE OTHER RESOURCES OF THE AT 4822 03:37:38,565 --> 03:37:41,001 THE INSTITUTION THE REPUTATION 4823 03:37:41,001 --> 03:37:41,568 OF THE INSTITUTION. 4824 03:37:41,568 --> 03:37:45,038 THE REPUTATION OF THE MENTORS 4825 03:37:45,038 --> 03:37:48,909 NOT SUPPOSED TO BE CONSIDERED 4826 03:37:48,909 --> 03:37:50,511 THE WAY SOME HAVE TENDED TO. 4827 03:37:50,511 --> 03:37:52,713 THIS IS THE WAY IT'S SUPPOSED TO 4828 03:37:52,713 --> 03:37:55,048 BE NOW BUT TO MAKE THAT POINT 4829 03:37:55,048 --> 03:37:56,950 CRYSTAL CLEAR, THEY'VE REVISED 4830 03:37:56,950 --> 03:37:59,453 THE CRITERIA AND TURNED THAT 4831 03:37:59,453 --> 03:38:02,122 PART THE FEASIBILITY PART INTO 4832 03:38:02,122 --> 03:38:03,590 INSUFFICIENT OR NOT INSTEAD OF A 4833 03:38:03,590 --> 03:38:04,591 ONE TO NINE SCALE. 4834 03:38:04,591 --> 03:38:07,461 I THINK IT WILL MAKE A BIG 4835 03:38:07,461 --> 03:38:07,761 IMPACT. 4836 03:38:07,761 --> 03:38:11,064 >> ON THE SAME NOTE WOULD YOU 4837 03:38:11,064 --> 03:38:12,766 CONSIDER BLINDED REVIEWS SINCE 4838 03:38:12,766 --> 03:38:15,202 IT'S NO LONGER A SCORABLE ITEM? 4839 03:38:15,202 --> 03:38:16,236 IS IT A POSSIBILITY? 4840 03:38:16,236 --> 03:38:17,704 >> I MISSED THE FIRST PART. 4841 03:38:17,704 --> 03:38:19,706 >> A BLINDED REVIEW SO YOU DON'T 4842 03:38:19,706 --> 03:38:21,475 KNOW THE PERSON'S NAME OR 4843 03:38:21,475 --> 03:38:23,043 INSTITUTION. 4844 03:38:23,043 --> 03:38:30,117 >> THERE'S BEEN EXPERIMENTS WITH 4845 03:38:30,117 --> 03:38:38,258 ANONYMOUS REAND THERE -- AND 4846 03:38:38,258 --> 03:38:43,030 THERE WERE OTHER EFFORTS THE 4847 03:38:43,030 --> 03:38:45,032 FIRST INSTITUTIONAL FUNDING 4848 03:38:45,032 --> 03:38:49,770 PROGRAM THEY REVIEW THE WELL 4849 03:38:49,770 --> 03:38:55,208 RESOURCES AND LESS RESOURCED 4850 03:38:55,208 --> 03:38:55,609 INSTITUTIONS. 4851 03:38:55,609 --> 03:39:00,447 THERE'S QUITE A LOT OF WORK FOR 4852 03:39:00,447 --> 03:39:03,050 CERTAIN REASONS TO THINK WHEN 4853 03:39:03,050 --> 03:39:07,854 NON ANONYMIZED REVIEW BE 4854 03:39:07,854 --> 03:39:08,155 APPROPRIATE. 4855 03:39:08,155 --> 03:39:12,559 IT'S MEANT TO ADDRESS A SIMILAR 4856 03:39:12,559 --> 03:39:12,793 PROBLEM. 4857 03:39:12,793 --> 03:39:15,395 >> DAWN VOGEL BETHESDA. 4858 03:39:15,395 --> 03:39:16,563 A COMMON AND QUICK QUESTION. 4859 03:39:16,563 --> 03:39:20,033 THANK YOU FOR ENCOURAGING PEOPLE 4860 03:39:20,033 --> 03:39:20,767 ESPECIALLY EARLY CAREER 4861 03:39:20,767 --> 03:39:25,105 INVESTIGATORS TO CONTACT PROGRAM 4862 03:39:25,105 --> 03:39:25,606 OFFICERS. 4863 03:39:25,606 --> 03:39:29,409 I'D LIKE TO REMIND EVERYBODY 4864 03:39:29,409 --> 03:39:31,044 PROGRAM OFFICERS ARE NOT 4865 03:39:31,044 --> 03:39:31,511 FACELESS BUREAUCRATS. 4866 03:39:31,511 --> 03:39:33,046 THEY'RE SCIENTISTS LIKE YOUR IS 4867 03:39:33,046 --> 03:39:34,514 SELF AND LOVE TO TALK SCIENCE SO 4868 03:39:34,514 --> 03:39:39,052 YOU CAN GET INTO A GOOD 4869 03:39:39,052 --> 03:39:39,653 CONVERSATION WITH THEM ABOUT 4870 03:39:39,653 --> 03:39:42,756 YOUR PROJECT. 4871 03:39:42,756 --> 03:39:44,992 THE QUESTION THE STEVE KATZ RO1 4872 03:39:44,992 --> 03:39:46,293 LOOKS LIKE AN EXCITING 4873 03:39:46,293 --> 03:39:47,027 OPPORTUNITY AND HOW MANY OF 4874 03:39:47,027 --> 03:39:51,264 THOSE ARE BEING MADE? 4875 03:39:51,264 --> 03:39:52,866 >> I DON'T HAVE THOSE NUMBERS. 4876 03:39:52,866 --> 03:39:55,268 IT WAS POPULAR AND COMPETITIVE. 4877 03:39:55,268 --> 03:39:57,437 OUR INSTITUTE FUNDED A COUPLE 4878 03:39:57,437 --> 03:39:58,271 AND I KNOW MANY OTHER 4879 03:39:58,271 --> 03:40:00,374 INSTITUTIONS HAVE FUNDED MORE. 4880 03:40:00,374 --> 03:40:09,416 I DON'T HAVE THE STATISTICS. 4881 03:40:09,416 --> 03:40:10,984 I COULD FIND OUT IF YOU'D BE 4882 03:40:10,984 --> 03:40:11,284 INTERESTED. 4883 03:40:11,284 --> 03:40:13,720 LIKE ALL NEW FUNDING PROGRAM 4884 03:40:13,720 --> 03:40:15,055 IT'S BEEN A LITTLE TRICKY FOR 4885 03:40:15,055 --> 03:40:19,026 THE FIRST COUPLE YEARS BECAUSE 4886 03:40:19,026 --> 03:40:20,193 THE REVIEWERS HAVEN'T REVIEWED 4887 03:40:20,193 --> 03:40:22,929 THEM BEFORE AND THE APPLICANTS 4888 03:40:22,929 --> 03:40:25,332 HADN'T WRITTEN THEM BEFORE. 4889 03:40:25,332 --> 03:40:28,869 WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY NO 4890 03:40:28,869 --> 03:40:29,503 COMPLI 4891 03:40:29,503 --> 03:40:29,936 PRELIMINARY DATA. 4892 03:40:29,936 --> 03:40:31,071 I THINK IT WILL BE EVOLVING BUT 4893 03:40:31,071 --> 03:40:33,340 I THINK IT'S A GREAT OPPORTUNITY 4894 03:40:33,340 --> 03:40:39,012 FOR EARLY CAREER INVESTIGATORS 4895 03:40:39,012 --> 03:40:46,953 WHO HAVE AN IDEA FOR WHICH A 4896 03:40:46,953 --> 03:40:48,255 TYPICAL RO1 IS NOT APPROPRIATE. 4897 03:40:48,255 --> 03:40:49,456 >> I'M FROM DUKE. 4898 03:40:49,456 --> 03:40:55,028 SINCE YOU'RE UP THERE, WOULD YOU 4899 03:40:55,028 --> 03:41:00,434 PUT IN A WORD FOR ENCOURAGE TO 4900 03:41:00,434 --> 03:41:02,135 APPLY FOR AN EXTENSION FOR 4901 03:41:02,135 --> 03:41:02,602 INVESTIGATOR STATUS. 4902 03:41:02,602 --> 03:41:04,237 THERE'S SO MANY OPPORTUNITIES TO 4903 03:41:04,237 --> 03:41:06,506 EXTEND THAT AFTER COVID AND WITH 4904 03:41:06,506 --> 03:41:08,508 MATERNITY LEAVE AND I FELL LIKE 4905 03:41:08,508 --> 03:41:18,885 IT NEEDS TO BE BETTER UTILIZED. 4906 03:41:18,885 --> 03:41:21,088 >> THANK YOU. 4907 03:41:21,088 --> 03:41:23,023 MAKE SURE THERE'S SITUATION IN 4908 03:41:23,023 --> 03:41:24,257 WHICH AN EXTENSION IS GRANTED 4909 03:41:24,257 --> 03:41:26,893 FOR ONE REASON OR ANOTHER. 4910 03:41:26,893 --> 03:41:28,929 REGARDING THE EARLY STAGE 4911 03:41:28,929 --> 03:41:30,564 INVESTIGATOR STATUS ONE THING 4912 03:41:30,564 --> 03:41:32,466 THAT'S NOT WELL KNOWN FOR 4913 03:41:32,466 --> 03:41:38,538 EXAMPLE IS IF YOU SUBMIT THE 4914 03:41:38,538 --> 03:41:42,876 INITIAL APPLICATION AND IT'S NOT 4915 03:41:42,876 --> 03:41:45,078 FUNDED EVEN IF YOU WOULD 4916 03:41:45,078 --> 03:41:47,714 TECHNICALLY USE THE EARLY CAREER 4917 03:41:47,714 --> 03:41:48,715 INVESTIGATOR STATUS THE 4918 03:41:48,715 --> 03:41:50,984 RESUBMISSION STILL COUNTS AS AN 4919 03:41:50,984 --> 03:41:52,753 EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATOR STATUS. 4920 03:41:52,753 --> 03:41:54,454 THE STATUS STAYS WITH THE 4921 03:41:54,454 --> 03:41:56,156 APPLICATION EVEN IF YOU ARE NO 4922 03:41:56,156 --> 03:41:57,090 LONGER ELIGIBLE FOR A NEW 4923 03:41:57,090 --> 03:42:01,094 APPLICATION. 4924 03:42:01,094 --> 03:42:03,130 A NUANCE ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF 4925 03:42:03,130 --> 03:42:04,965 DEVELOP A RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME 4926 03:42:04,965 --> 03:42:10,270 PROGRAM OFFICERS SO AS QUESTIONS 4927 03:42:10,270 --> 03:42:13,774 COME UP YOU'RE AWARE OF THE 4928 03:42:13,774 --> 03:42:16,443 PROGRAMS YOU MIGHT BENEFIT OR 4929 03:42:16,443 --> 03:42:16,777 FLEXIBILITIES. 4930 03:42:16,777 --> 03:42:22,048 THERE'S FLEXIBILITIES RELATED TO 4931 03:42:22,048 --> 03:42:23,383 FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES AND 4932 03:42:23,383 --> 03:42:27,087 TAKING A LEAVE, ETCETERA. 4933 03:42:27,087 --> 03:42:31,358 GOOD RESOURCES. 4934 03:42:31,358 --> 03:42:32,726 ANY OTHER QUESTIONS? 4935 03:42:32,726 --> 03:42:35,061 HOPEFULLY MY E-MAIL ADDRESS WAS 4936 03:42:35,061 --> 03:42:39,800 SHARED WITH THIS GROUP SO PLEASE 4937 03:42:39,800 --> 03:42:41,535 REACH OUT TO QUESTIONS AND 4938 03:42:41,535 --> 03:42:46,373 THANKS AGAIN FOR THE OPPORTUNITY 4939 03:42:46,373 --> 03:42:51,044 TO SPEAK QUITE A PRIVILEGE. 4940 03:42:51,044 --> 03:42:57,651 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 4941 03:42:57,651 --> 03:43:07,727 >> 4942 03:43:13,433 --> 03:43:16,136 >> SO WE'RE ABOUT READY TO LET 4943 03:43:16,136 --> 03:43:17,270 YOU GO TO LUNCH. 4944 03:43:17,270 --> 03:43:20,707 JUST A FEW CLOSING COMMENTS 4945 03:43:20,707 --> 03:43:20,907 HERE. 4946 03:43:20,907 --> 03:43:23,944 WE'RE CONCLUDE THE PLENARY 4947 03:43:23,944 --> 03:43:25,178 SESSION AND VIDEOCAST AND MOVING 4948 03:43:25,178 --> 03:43:27,080 TO LUNCH AND THE AFTERNOON 4949 03:43:27,080 --> 03:43:29,716 SESSIONS. 4950 03:43:29,716 --> 03:43:32,819 I WANT TO THANK ALL OF YOU FOR 4951 03:43:32,819 --> 03:43:34,354 YOUR PARTICIPATION AND 4952 03:43:34,354 --> 03:43:35,689 FLEXIBILITY AS WE HAD SOME 4953 03:43:35,689 --> 03:43:37,657 ADJUSTMENTS THIS MORNING. 4954 03:43:37,657 --> 03:43:46,466 CAFETERIA IS NOW OPEN TO 1:30. 4955 03:43:46,466 --> 03:43:48,535 HOPEFULLY THE SCHOLARS AND 4956 03:43:48,535 --> 03:43:50,537 POSTDOCS WILL HURRY UP AS 4957 03:43:50,537 --> 03:43:53,540 THEY'RE YOUNGER THAN US AND BE 4958 03:43:53,540 --> 03:43:56,810 DOWN HERE E1G2 AND I WANTED TO 4959 03:43:56,810 --> 03:43:59,846 THANK OUR ORWH COLLEAGUES. 4960 03:43:59,846 --> 03:44:02,315 IT HIT WAS CLEARLY A TEAM EFFORT 4961 03:44:02,315 --> 03:44:03,817 AND HAD A MEETING YESTERDAY AS 4962 03:44:03,817 --> 03:44:09,856 WELL AND THE ICO MENTORS FOR 4963 03:44:09,856 --> 03:44:20,400 THEIR HELP AND WANTED TO THANK 4964 03:44:28,208 --> 03:44:32,779 OUR DEVOTED COLLEAGUE AND SHOWS 4965 03:44:32,779 --> 03:44:35,815 UP FOR THE MEETINGS THE 4966 03:44:35,815 --> 03:44:37,017 CAFETERIA SEATING WILL REMAIN 4967 03:44:37,017 --> 03:44:38,485 OPEN ALL AFTERNOON FOR ATTENDEES 4968 03:44:38,485 --> 03:44:40,620 NOT SCHOLARS OR POSTDOCS YOU'RE 4969 03:44:40,620 --> 03:44:43,990 WELCOME TO SIT AND ENJOY 4970 03:44:43,990 --> 03:44:44,691 CONVERSATION. 4971 03:44:44,691 --> 03:44:50,764 POSTERS ARE 3:00 TO 5:00 IN THE 4972 03:44:50,764 --> 03:44:52,565 ATRIUM AND HAVE 84 ABSTRACTS AND 4973 03:44:52,565 --> 03:44:53,667 EXCITE ABOUT THAT TOO. 4974 03:44:53,667 --> 03:44:56,336 WITH THAT WE'LL CONCLUDE AND 4975 03:44:56,336 --> 03:44:57,103 EVERYONE ENJOY YOUR WELL 4976 03:44:57,103 --> 03:45:07,380 DESERVED LUNCH.