>>TODAY IS TUESDAY, MAY 10, IT IS 10 A.M. EASTERN AND THE 190TH MEETING OF NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE BOARD OF REGIONS IS NOW CALLED TO ORDER. THIS IS ALSO THE 7TH CONSECUTIVE VIRTUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS WE WELCOME Y'ALL. BEFORE WE BEGIN I HAVE A FEW ANNOUNCEMENTS, HOUSEKEEPING. THIS MEETING IS BEING VIDEOCAST TO THE PUBLIC. DURING THE DISCUSSION AND Q&A SESSIONS PLEASE USE THE ZOOM RAISE HAND FEATURE TO BE RECOGNIZED BY THE CHAIR. I WILL MONITOR THE PARTICIPANTS WINDOW AND WILL TRY TO RECOGNIZE PARTICIPANTS WITH RAISED HANDS IN THE ORDER I SEE THEM RAISED. IF YOU RAISE YOUR HAND ON CAMERA, I WILL TRY TO ALSO RECOGNIZE THAT BUT THAT MIGHT BE A LITTLE BIT MORE CHALLENGING TO DETECT. NLM MEDIA OPERATIONS STAFF WILL BE MONITORING THE CHAT WINDOW THROUGHOUT TODAY'S MEETING. AND ARE AVAILABLE TO PROVIDE ANY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE NEEDED. YOU CAN REACH THEM VIA EMAIL AT NLMMEDIAOPERATIONSTEAM@NLM.NIH.G OV. AS WE PROCEED TODAY PLEASE REMEMBER TO BE MINDFUL OF YOUR CAMERA. AND MICROPHONE AND BE SURE TO MUTE YOURSELF WHEN NOT PRESENTING OR PARTICIPATING IN A DISCUSSION. MOVING TO OUR FIRST ITEM, I AM HONORED TO BE ABLE TO INTRODUCE OUR FIRST SPEAKER, DR. VIVEK H MURTHY WAS CONFIRMED BY THE U.S. SENATE IN MARCH 2021 TO SERVE AS THE 21ST SURGEON GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES. AS THE NATION'S DOCTOR THE SURGEON GENERAL'S MISSION IS TO HELP LAY THE FOUNDATION FOR HEALTHIER COUNTRY RELYING ON THE BEST SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO PROVIDE CLEAR CONSISTENT AND EQUITABLE GUIDANCE AND RESOURCES FOR THE PUBLIC. AS VICE ADMIRAL OF THE U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE COMMISSION CORPS DR. MURTHY COMMANDS A UNIFORM SERVICE OF OVER 6,000 DEDICATED PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICERS SERVING THE MOST UNDERSERVED AND VULNERABLE POPULATIONS DOMESTICALLY AND ABROAD. WHILE SERVING AS 21ST SURGEON GENERAL DR. MURTHY IS FOCUSED ON DRAWING ATTENTION TO AND WORKING ACROSS GOVERNMENT TO ADDRESS A NUMBER OF CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUES, INCLUDING GROWING PROLIFERATION OF HEALTH AND MISINFORMATION, THE ONGOING YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH CRISIS, WELL BEING AND BURN OUT IN HEALTH WORKER COMMUNITY. AND SOCIAL ISOLATION AND LONELINESS. ADDITIONALLY HE SERVES AS A KEY ADVISOR TO PRESIDENT BIDEN'S COVID-19 PANDEMIC RESPONSE OPERATION. WELCOME, DR. MURTHY, THANK YOU FOR BEING WITH US THIS MORNING. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH, NEIL, FOR THAT KIND INTRODUCTION, IT IS WONDERFUL TO BE WITH YOU TODAY, I WISH WE COULD ALL BE TOGETHER IN PERSON BUT I KNOW THAT THE WORLD IS -- HAS MADE THAT DIFFICULT AT TIMES. BUT IT IS GOOD TO SEE YOUR FACES ON THE SCREEN. I ALSO JUST WANT TO THANK NLM BROADLY FOR ALL ITS WORK DURING THE PANDEMIC. ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I KNOW IS AT THE HEART OF THE MISSION COVID HIGHLIGHTED AS BEING SO IMPORTANT IS BOTH SCIENCE AND SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE BUT ALSO HOW WE COMMUNICATE THAT KNOWLEDGE TO THE PUBLIC AND I THINK THAT THE PANDEMIC HIGHLIGHTED FOR US HOW IMPORTANT THE SCIENCE IS BUT THAT WITHOUT ABILITY TO GET IT OUT TO PUBLIC IN WAYS THAT PEOPLE CAN UNDERSTAND THAT WE OFTEN LOSE WHAT I THINK ARE -- IS INCREDIBLE GIFTS THAT WE HAVE FROM SCIENTIFIC ADVANCEMENTS AND DISCOVERY, SO JUST APPRECIATE THE MISSION AND THE WORK OF THIS GROUP EVEN MORE THAN BEFORE. I WANT TO GIVE YOU SPECIFICALLY AN UPDATE ON SOME OF THE ISSUES WE ARE WORKING ON IN THE OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL. BEFORE I DO THAT I WANT TO STEP BACK AND FIRST TELL YOU WHY I'M DOING THIS WORK. AROUND WHY I CAME BACK TO THIS JOB. IT WAS NOT NECESSARILY IN MY PLANS TO COME BACK AND WORK IN GOVERNMENT AS MUCH AS I TREASURED THE EXPERIENCE I DIDN'T THINK I WOULD HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO COME BACK AS QUICKLY. BUT COVID SCRAMBLED EVERYONE'S LIFE PLANS OR MANY LIFE PLANS AND WHEN PRESIDENT BIDEN ASKED ME TO COME BACK TO SERVE THERE WERE COUPLE OF REASONS THIS FELT LIKE THE RIGHT STEP TO TAKE. ONE IS BECAUSE LIKE ALL OF US I WANTED TO DO EVERYTHING I COULD TO HELP ADDRESS THE COVID PANDEMIC WHICH WAS TURNING OUR COUNTRY AND THE WORLD UPSIDE DOWN BUT I WAS ALSO DEEPLY CONCERNED ABOUT BROADER CHALLENGES THAT OUR COUNTRY WAS FACING THAT HAVE BEEN HIGHLIGHTED BY COVID IN PARTICULAR MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL BEING. MANY OF YOU ARE AWARE THAT THE DATA ON MENTAL HEALTH AND HOW IT WAS DECLINING IN TERMS OF OUR MEASURES OF WELL BEING BEFORE THE PANDEMIC WE SAW RISING RATES OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION PARTICULARLY WHEN WE LOOK AT OUR KIDS, OUR KIDS WERE STRUGGLING. 57% INCREASE IN THE SUICIDE RATE AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE PRECEDING THE PANDEMIC. WE ALSO SAW THE NUMBER OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO WERE SAYING THEY FELT PERSISTENTLY HOPELESS AND SAD HAD INCREASE BY 40% PRIOR TO PANDEMIC, CONTINUED TO INCREASE DURING THE PANDEMIC, SO ALL THAT TO SAY THAT OUR MENTAL HEALTH WAS NOT IN A GREAT PLACE AS COUNTRY BEFORE THE PANDEMIC AND I DO WORRY THE PANDEMIC HAS MADE THIS FAR WORSE. SO ONE OF THE REASONS CAME BACK THE YEAR PRIOR TO THE PANDEMIC MY CONVERSATIONS THEN WITH THE PRESIDENT ON MANY OCCASIONS ARE COVID CONVERSATIONS TURNED TO MENTAL HEALTH CONVERSATIONS AND WE TALKED A NUMBER OF OCCASIONS HOW THIS WAS GOING TO BE ONE OF THE BROADER CHALLENGES WE HAD TO DEAL WITH AS A COUNTRY IS THE MENTAL HEALTH, CHALLENGES FACING ACROSS THE SPECTRUM, THAT IS A KEY REASON I WANTED TO COME BACK AN SERVE WAS TO TRY TO MAKE CONTRIBUTIONS ON THAT FRONT AS WELL. SO THAT WE CAN EVEN AFTER PANDEMIC IS IN A REAR-VIEW MIRROR WE CAN TACKLE DEEPER ROOT CAUSES OF MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL BEING. SO SOME OF THE -- I MENTION THAT BECAUSE THE PRIORITIES THAT I WILL SHARE WITH YOU TODAY THAT WE ARE WORKING ON INITIATIVES, THEY ARE TIED TOGETHER BY THAT COMMON THREAD WHICH IS HOW DO WE ENHANCE MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL BEING FOR DIFFERENT POPULATIONS IN OUR COUNTRY AND ALSO IN DIFFERENT SPACES WE OCCUPY WHETHER SCHOOL, WORKPLACE OR THE PUBLIC SQUARE. SO WITH THAT, LET ME WALK THROUGH INITIATIVES WE HAVE AND PROGRESS ON THEM. I KNOW WHEN MY DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE POLICY JOINED THE LAST MEETING SHE SHARED WE LAUNCHED AN INITIATIVE LAST YEAR ON MISINFORMATION RECOGNIZING HOW PROFOUND THAT CHALLENGE HAS BECOME NOT JUST WITH COVID BUT BROADLY WITH HEALTH. AND WE ARE CONTINUING TO WORK, WE ISSUED A REQUEST FOR INFORMATION FOLLOWING OUR OFFICIAL ADVISORY IN JULY AND COMMUNITY TOOL KIT IN NOVEMBER. THIS REQUEST FOR INFORMATION WAS A CALL TO THE PUBLIC INCLUDING TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES, TO SHARE WITH US DATA THAT WOULD HELP BETTER UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT HEALTH MISINFORMATION ON DIFFERENT POPULATIONS. THAT RFI JUST CLOSED MAY 2 AND NOW WE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF ANALYZING THAT DATA. WE HAD A LOT OF SUBMISSIONS, FROM MANY DIFFERENT SECTORS SO WE ARE EAGER TO DIG INTO THAT TO MAP OUT WHAT THE NEXT STEP SHOULD BE BASED ON THOSE FINDINGS. THAT WORK HAS GOT TO CONTINUE OBVIOUSLY, AS A FOOTPRINT BEYOND OUR OFFICE AND THERE'S OTHER PARTS OF ADMINISTRATION WORKED ON THE HEALTH MISINFORMATION CHALLENGE BUT THIS IS NOT GOING TO BE A PROBLEM GOVERNMENT SOLVES ALONE WHICH IS WHY WE ARE WORKING TO PULL TOGETHER VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS INCLUDING TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES INCLUDING PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH WORKERS AND OTHERS SO THAT WE CAN STEP UP AND DO OUR PART WHEN IT COMES TO BUILDING A HEALTHY INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT. THE NEXT AREA WE HAVE BEEN FOCUSED ON IS ON YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH AND WE ISSUED AN ADVISORY IN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH IN DECEMBER COUNTRY'S ATTENTION TO PROFOUND CHALLENGES THAT WE HAVE AND NEED TO WORK ON THREE CRITICAL AREAS, ONE EXPANDING ACCESS TO CARE, SECOND INVESTING IN PREVENTION PROGRAMS WHICH ARE -- WE HAVE MANY BUT VERY FEW ARE ACTUALLY IMPLEMENTED AND SCALED. THE THIRD IS IN ADDRESSING WHAT I SEE IS THE CULTURAL COURSE IMPACTING OUR ABILITY TO TACKLE MENTAL HEALTH, SIGMA AND SHAKE THAT -- STIGMA AND SHAME THAT SURROUND CONDITIONS THAT COMPRISE MENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENT PEOPLE FROM COMING FORWARD AND ASKING FOR HELP. SO THAT IS RECEIVED -- BEEN RECEIVED WELL IN PART BECAUSE SO MANY PARENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE BEFORE STRUGGLING AND RESONATED WITH BROADER CALL TO ACTION. SO WE HAVE A SERIES OF ACTIONS WE ARE PLANNING LIKE OVER THE NEXT FEW MONTHS TO BRING TOGETHER STAKEHOLDERS TO MAKE CONCRETE COMMITMENTS AND HELP SUPPORT WHAT WE THINK IS CRITICAL ELEMENT OF MAKING THIS BROADER WORK WHICH IS TO HELP BUILD A LED MOVEMENT TO TAKE ON THESE MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES AND BE ADVOCATES, RAISE COMMUNITY AWARENESS AND DRIVE CHANGE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAMS. SO LOT MORE TO COME ON THE YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH FRONT. THE LAST FEW I WILL MENTION, ONE IS OUR ADVISORY THAT WILL BE -- THIS IS PUBLIC NOT YET KNOWN BUT WORKING ON ADVISORY ON HEALTH WORKER WELL BEING RECOGNIZING THE PROFOUND BURN OUT WE HAVE SEEN AMONG NURSES DOCTORS, PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS AND OTHERS WHO HAVE DEDICATED THEMSELVES TO SAFEGUARDING OUR HEALTH BUT REALLY ARE PAYING A PRICE FOR IT ESPECIALLY DURING THIS PANDEMIC. WE HAVE SEEN EXTRAORDINARY INCREASES IN THE NUMBER OF HEALTH WORKERS SAYING THEY ARE EXPERIENCING ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AND BURN OUT AND INDICATING THEY ARE GOING TO DROP OUT, IN FACT OF THE PROFESSION AND NUMBER ALREADY HAVE. THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN PUBLIC WHO ARE SAYING THEY CANNOT MAKE APPOINTMENTS WITH PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR BECAUSE THEIR DOCTOR DROPPED OUT AND IS NO LONGER PRACTICING MEDICINE IS REALLY ASTONISHING AND SO THE ISSUE OF BURN OUT CONSEQUENCES NOT JUST FOR COVID CARE BUT BROADER HEALTHCARE PEOPLE RECEIVE. SO MY FEELING IS THE PUBLIC DOESN'T FULLY RECOGNIZE YET IMPLICATIONS OF BURN OUT FOR THEIR OVERALL HEALTH CARE AND ACCESS TO CARE AND SO WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS MAKE THIS NOT JUST A NICHE ISSUE THAT ONLY NURSES AND DOCTORS AN PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS CARE ABOUT BUT MAKE THIS A NATIONAL PRIORITY SO WE SEE OUR WELL BEING IS TIED TO ENSURING WE CARE FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN CARING FOR US. WE ARE LOOKING TO LAY OUT AN AGENDA WHAT WE HAVE TO DO TO ADDRESS THAT EVERYTHING FROM MAKING BETTER HEALTH SERVICES AVAILABLE TO HEALTH AND PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS TO MAKING SURE THAT WE REDUCE THE ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN ON MANY OF OUR CLINICIAN, RECOGNIZING THAT OVER THE YEARS THERE IS MORE WORK COME IN BETWEEN THEM AND PATIENTS SEEKING TO SERVE WHICH IS MADE BOTH PATIENTS AND HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS UNHAPPY BUT WE ALSO KNOW KEY PART HAS TO BE SHIFTING WITHIN TRAINING PROGRAMS AND THE INSTITUTIONS THEMSELVES, THE CULTURE IS ONE THAT PRIDES OR DEFINES STRENGTH AS COMING HOURS PEOPLE CAN WORK AND HOW MUCH PEOPLE CAN PUT UP WITH IN TERMS OF PAIN AND BURDEN. AS OPPOSED TO REALLY VALUING AND PRIORITIZING THE QUALITY OF CARE THEY ARE DELIVERING AND COMPASSION AND EMPATHY AT THE BEDSIDE, THOSE THINGS MANY IN PUBLIC MAKE FOR A GOOD DOCTOR OR HEALTHCARE EXPERIENCE WHICH TURNS OUT AREN'T SO OBJECTIVELY VALUE WHETHER IN THE PROMOTIONS PROCESS IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS OR IN THE TRAINING PROGRAMS THAT WE PUT MANY WORKERS THROUGH. THAT IS -- THAT SHOULD BE COMING OUT SOON, WE DON'T HAVE EXACT DATE FOR THAT BUT WE ARE EXCITED FOR THAT. THE LAST TWO I WILL MENTION IS WE HAVE AN INITIATIVE AROUND THE WORKPLACE WELL BEING, I WILL BE HONEST IT WASN'T ON MY RADAR YEAR AND A HALF AGO SOMETHING TO BUILD INITIATIVE AROUND, BUT IT CAME UP BECAUSE WE KEPT HEARING FROM EMPLOYERS WHO WERE SAYING LOOK MY WORKERS ARE DROPPING OUT, HAVING HARD TIME RECRUITING PEOPLE WHAT IS GOING ON, IS THIS ABOUT PAY OR SOMETHING ELSE? NOT SURPRISINGLY TO MANY OF YOU THIS IS NOT JUST PAY, IT WAS IN FACT OTHER THINGS, IT WAS ABOUT PEOPLE WANTING THE FLEXIBILITY SO THEY CAN BE THERE FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND THE WAY THAT SOME OF THEM HAD THE CHANCE DURING THE PANDEMIC BUT MANY ALSO REALIZE DURING THE PANDEMIC THEY WANTED TO LIVE LIVES DIFFERENTLY, PRIA YOUR ADVERTISE PERHAPS FAMILY MORE SPEND MORE TIME WITH FAMILY, NOT AS MUCH TIME COMMUTING, HAVE ABILITY TO RESPOND TO FAMILY, SAFE ENOUGH TO FEEL GUILTY ABOUT IT. AS EMPLOYERS CONSIDERED WHAT TO DO GOING FORWARD OUR THESIS HAS BEEN THAT WORKPLACES CAN AND SHOULD BE ENGINES FOR MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL BEING. THEY SHOULD CONTRIBUTE OVERALL SENSE OF WELLNESS. IN SOCIETY AND THEY CAN, IN FACT WE ARE LOOKING TO DO IS PUT OUT A BLUEPRINT FOR WORKPLACES ON HOW THEY CAN IN FACT BE THOSE ENGINES FOR WELL BEING AND LAYING NUMBER OF STEPS THEY CAN TAKE TO DO THAT. FINALLY THE INITIATIVE I'M PARTICULARLY EXCITED ABOUT IS WE HAVE AN INITIATIVE ON CONNECTION AND COMMUNITY THAT WE ARE GOING TO BE RELEASING HOPEFULLY BEFORE THE END OF THE YEAR, THAT IS OUR GOAL. I WILL TELL YOU WHERE THIS COMES FROM, LAST STINT I WAS ALREADY STARTING TO HEAR STORY PEOPLE WHO WERE SPEAKING OF THEIR STRUGGLES WITH LONELINESS AND ISOLATION AND THESE WERE PEOPLE ACROSS THE AGE SPECTRUM, LOOK AT DATA YOU FIND YOUNG PEOPLE IN PARTICULAR SEEM TO BE REPORTING THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF LONELINESS AND ISOLATION WHICH IS COUNTER INTUITIVE TO SOME YOUNG PEOPLE ARE CONNECTED BY TECHNOLOGY WHAT COULD BE THE PROBLEM THERE? BUT TURNS OUT NOT SURPRISINGLY THAT HAVING THOUSAND FOLLOWS ON INSTAGRAM DOESN'T CONVEY THE FEELING LIKE YOU TRULY BELONG AND YOU ARE VALUED AND SEEN FOR WHO YOU ARE. WE ARE LITERALLY HEARING THAT DIRECTLY FROM YOUNG PEOPLE AS WE DO ROUND TABLES AROUND THE COUNTRY BUT THERE ARE BROADER CHALLENGE OF LOAN INESS AND DISCONNECTION HAS PROFOUND IMPLICATION FOR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH, ANXIETY DEPRESSION PREMATURE DEATH, HEART DISEASE, NUMBER OF OTHER PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH COMPLICATIONS. SO AS COUNTRY WE HAVE NOT HAD A NATIONAL STRATEGY ON HOW TO ADDRESS LONELINESS AND DISCONNECTION AND HOW TO REBUILD COMMUNITY, WHICH WE KNOW IS ESSENTIAL NOT JUST TO HEALTH BUT NUMBER OF OTHER THINGS WE CARE ABOUT. WE KNOW PEOPLE STRUGGLE WITH LONELINESS, THEY ARE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE WORKPLACE IS LOWER, RETENTION IS MORE CHALLENGING AND CREATIVITY TENDS TO REGISTER AT LOWER ENDS OF THE SCALE VERSUS WHEN THEY FEEL CONNECTED TO PEOPLE AROUND THEM, THE ON SITS IS TRUE. WE KNOW IN SCHOOL KIDS ARE MORE CONNECTED THAT THAT HAS IMPACT ON THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ON THEIR OVERALL SENSE OF WELL BEING. AS WE THINK ABOUT HUMAN CONNECTION, HOW TO FOSTER HOW TO BUILD COMMUNITY, WE RECOGNIZE THAT HAS POWERFUL IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH BUT ALSO FOR SOCIETY MORE BROADLY. AND LASTLY CONSIDER THIS, DURING THIS PANDEMIC WHAT DO WE SEE? IN THE BEGINNING OF THE PANDEMIC A COUNTRY CAME TOGETHER DURING TIME OF CRISIS BUT AS CRISIS PERSISTED THE COUNTRY SPLINTERED IN MANY WAYS. IF YOU LOOK AT COUNTRIES THAT DID WELL OVERALL AROUND THE WORLD IT WASN'T THOSE THAT IN TERMS OF COVID, SPECIFICALLY, IT WAS THE COUNTRIES THAT HAD THE MOST MONEY, IT WAS THE COUNTRIES THAT HAD THE MOST TRUST AND SOCIAL COHESION. THAT HAS DECLINED IN THE UNITED STATES OVER DECADES, THIS IS WORK THAT DATA WELL DOCUMENTD BY ROBERT SHOWING STEADY DECLINE IN SOCIAL CAPITOL IN PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS AND COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS, AND SOCIAL TIES OVER THE LAST 40 TO 50 YEARS. SO WE HAVE TO REVERSE THAT TREND IF WE TRULY WANT THE BUILD WHAT I THINK AS MOST IMPORTANT SOCIAL SAFETY NET THAT WE HAVE WHICH IS OUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH ONE ANOTHER. AND SO THAT IS PUTTING SOCIAL CONNECTION ON THE MAP IS AN ISSUE OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND NATIONAL CONCERN, LAYING OUT AGENDA HOW WE ADDRESS IT BRINGING ORGANIZATION TO INDIVIDUALS TOGETHER TO ACTUALLY START DOWN THAT PATH BUILDING STRONGER CONNECTIONS. THAT WILL BE THE WORK OF OUR INITIATIVE ON CONNECTION AND COMMUNITIMENT I SAID A LOT SO LET ME JUST PAUSE THERE. SAY THANK YOU AGAIN FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE SOME OF THIS WITH YOU AND IT GOES WITHOUT SAYING ANY WAYS WE CAN WORK TOGETHER WITH THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE MORE THAN WELCOME THE OPPORTUNITY TO DO SO. TURN IT BACK TO YOU NEIL. >> THANK YOU, DR. MURTHY. THANK YOU FOR TELLING US ABOUT THOSE PRIORITIES. ALL OF THEM SOUND VERY PRESSING AND I THINK WE CAN ALL IDENTIFY WITH EACH OF THOSE. I OPEN UP TO THE BOARD FOR COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS FOR DR. MURTHY. I'M PARTICULARLY INTERESTED AS I IMAGINE MOST OF MY COLLEAGUES ARE WITH GIVEN NATURE OF OUR ORGANIZATION AND HEALTH INFORMATION, THE BUSINESS WE ARE IN. COULD YOU SPEAK A BIT MORE ABOUT THE INITIATIVE AND THE FUNDING OPPORTUNITY THAT YOU HAVE IDENTIFIED THROUGH YOUR OFFICE. ENLISTING DIFFERENT PARTNERS TO RESPOND TO THIS. >> ABSOLUTELY. I'M GLAD YOU ASKED TO REALLY ADDRESS THE HEALTH MISINFORMATION CRISIS IT WILL TAKE A LOT OF STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGING. WE KNOW MISINFO IS ON YOU BUT WE SEEM SEEN THE SPEED AND SCALE IT SPREADS HAS TRULY BECOME UNPRECEDENT AND THE SOPHISTICATION ALSO WHETHER MISINFORMATION AS PRESENTING ITSELF IS ALSO SOMETHING WE HAVEN'T QUITE SEEN TO THIS DEGREE WHICH IS WHY IT'S HARD FOR PEOPLE TO RECOGNIZE WHAT IS TRUE AND NOT INCLUDING PEOPLE IN THE HEALTHCARE FIELD. SOMETIMES I WILL OFTEN GET MESSAGES FROM FELLOW NURSES AND DOCTORS WHO ARE SAYING HEY, IS THIS TRUE? THEY COME ACROSS A PIECE OF MISINFORMATION AND LOT OF TIMES IT IS NOT BUT HARD TO DISTINGUISH SO KEY THINGS THAT ACTIONS THAT ARE CRITICAL, ONE IS IN ADDITION TO GETTING -- WE HAVE A STREAM ON TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES WE LAID OUT IN ADVISORY WHERE WE NEED COMPANIES TO STEP UP AND BE TRANSPARENT IN WHAT THEY ARE SEEING IN TERMS OF SPREAD OF MISINFORMATION. WHICH GROUPS ARE BEING TARGETED, WHAT MISINFORMATION SEEMS TO BE MOST SUCCESSFUL AT SPREADING. WHAT TECHNIQUES ARE WORKING TO CURVE SPENDING MISINFORMATION VERSUS NOT. THESE ARE CRITICAL THINGS TO KNOW SO WE CAN DEVELOP INVEST TIME AND ENERGY IN THE RIGHT PLACES BUT EVEN APART FROM TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES, RECOGNIZE BROADER CHALLENGE WHEN IT COMES TO DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY THAT MANY PEOPLE DO NOT HAVE, SCALES OR TOOLS TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND HEALTH INFORMATION AND UNDERSTAND HOW TO DISTINGUISH TRUE VERSUS FALSE HEALTH MISINFORMATION. THIS GOES BEYOND MISINFORMATION ITSELF TO UNDERSTANDING JUST WHAT THE PROCESS OF SCIENCE IS LIKE. DURING COVID AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, WE SAW SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION HAPPENING IN THE OPEN. NEW DATA WOULD COMMENT, PEOPLE ON TWITTER AND ANOTHER PLATFORMS WITH SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUNDS DISCUSS TAKES ON DATA, THEY DIDN'T ALWAYS AGREE, NOT SURPRISING TO US WITH PERHAPS HAVE BEEN PART OF SCIENTIFIC BODIES IN THE PAST. TO PUBLIC SOME MEMBERS OF PUBLIC IT WAS DISCONCERTING TO SEE DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS OR SEE THEM SAY ONE THING TODAY AND SAY SOMETHING ELSE THREE MONTHS LATER WHEN THE DATA CHANGED. I KNOW BECAUSE WE HEARD FROM PEOPLE IN PUBLIC WHO THROUGH UP THEIR HANDS AND SAY THEY HAVE NO IDEA WHAT TO TALK ABOUT AND THEY SAID ONE THING YESTERDAY AND THREE MONTHS LATER DIFFERENT, THIS IS CONFUSING. THEY DON'T AGREE ON THE DATA, THEY MUST HAVE NOT HAVE THE RIGHT SKILL SET, CAN'T LOOK TO THE DATA AND UNDERSTAND WHAT THE ANSWER IS. IT IS -- YOU CAN UNDERSTAND WHERE THIS PERSPECTIVE COMES FROM BUT FUEL A DIS-- GREATER MISTRUST IN SCIENCE AND SCIENTIFIC PROCESS AND SCIENTISTS AND EMBODIES REPRESENT SCIENCE AND PUBLIC HEALTH. WE ARE NOT GOING TO -- WE SHOULDN'T I DON'T THINK ROLE BACK PROCESS OF SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION HAPPENING IN MORE PUBLIC SQUARE. THERE ARE BENEFITS TO THAT. WE DO WHAT WE NEED TO DO FIGURE HOW EQUIPMENT EMPOWER THE PUBLIC WITH TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS, UNDERSTAND WHAT IS TRUE, WHAT IS NOT. UNDERSTAND WHAT SOURCES ARE CREDIBLE VERSUS NOT. BETTER EQUIPPED TO DEFEND THEMSELVES AGAINST CHALLENGES. IT IS DOABLE LIKE IF WE KNOW FOR EXAMPLE WHEN PEOPLE ARE TOLD IT IS GOING TO RAIN ON THURSDAY, AND THEN MONDAY COMES ALONG, TUESDAY, AND THEN THE WEATHER FORECAST CHANGES, ACTUALLY CLEAR SKIES ON THURSDAY, PEOPLE MIGHT BE LIKE THEY GOT IT WRONG THIS TIME BUT THEY ARE LIKE METEOROLOGISTS -- I WON'T PAY ATTENTION TO WHEN A HURRICANE IS COMING TOWARD MY CITY BECAUSE THEY GOT THE FORECAST FOR RAIN WRONG ON THURSDAY. PEOPLE DON'T NECESSARILY THINK THAT BECAUSE OVER TIME WE HAVE GOTTEN PEOPLE TO UNDERSTAND THE WEATHER FORECASTS ARE NOT 100%, WE ARE PRETTY GOOD TELLING YOU IF A HURRICANE IS COMING OR MAJOR WEATHER EVENT IS COMING BUT THE QUESTION IS CAN WE GET THERE ON OTHER ASPECTS OF SCIENCE. THERE IS MORE THAT WE WANT OTHER SECTORS TO DO LIKE HEALTH WORKERS YOU WANT THEM TO HAVE MORE VOICE IN PUBLIC SQUARE, WE WANT TEACHERS AND EDUCATORS ENGAGED IN PROCESS OF BUILDING DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY, THIS IS A PLACE NLM HAS AN IMPORTANT ROLE TO PLAY AND VOICE TO HELP BUILD THAT DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY THE COUNTRY DESPERATELY NEEDS. >> GREAT. THANK YOU. I THINK THAT THOSE ARE REALLY KEY ISSUES FROM I THINK MANY OF OUR EXPERIENCES. PERSONALLY AND PROFESSIONALLY THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS LOOKING AT STRUGGLES PEOPLE HAVE WITH DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY IN PARTICULAR, AND THE PANDEMIC FLOW BELOWING THIS UP, MUCH MORE THAN OTHERWISE WOULD BE THE CASE IN OUR EXPERIENCES. WE HAVE A NUMBER OF QUESTIONS LINED UP AND I WILL MOVE ON TO LOURDES BAEZCONDE-GARBANTI. >> THANK YOU, NEIL. THANK YOU, DR. MURTHY FOR BEING HERE AND FOR THAT ENCOURAGING NEWS. MY QUESTION IS RELATED TO DIVERSITY EQUITY INCLUSION AND THAT FEELING OF BELONGING AND I WAS WONDERING IF YOU CAN COMMENT WHAT WAYS THESE INITIATIVES MAYBE CLOSELY TIED TO THOSE KINDS OF ISSUES AS WELL IN OUR VARIOUS COMMUNITIES. >> LOURDES, SO GLAD YOU ASKED THAT, I THINK THEY ARE UNIQUELY TIED. YOU USE THE WORD BELONGING IN YOUR REMARKS WHICH IS AT THE HEART OF OUR BROADER INITIATIVE ON COMMUNITY CONNECTION IS. CREATING A SENSE OF BELONGING. WE KNOW THAT THERE ARE NUMBER OF GROUPS RACIAL ETHNIC MINORITIES, ETHNIC MEMBERS AND OTHERS WHO OVER TIME FELT MARGINALIZED AND FELT THEY DIDN'T BELONG, THEY WERE NOT PART OF BROADER SOCIETY OR COMMUNITY. THAT HAS REAL IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH. SO MANY SOME WAYS I SEE OUR INITIATIVE HELPING TO HIGHLIGHT SOME OF THE CHALLENGES THAT ARISE AND CONSEQUENCES. WHEN GROUPS ARE IN FACT MARGINALIZED AND LEFT OUT. I THINK THIS IS OUR OPPORTUNITY ALSO THEN TO ACT ON THAT AND TO SAY IN THE CLASSROOM IN OUR NEIGHBORHOODS IN OUR WORKPLACES HOW DO WE CREATE SPACES WHERE PEOPLE TRULY FEEL LIKE THEY BELONG. THAT MEANS FOSTERING CONNECTIONS WITH PEOPLE WHO HAVE DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS THAN US, RECOGNIZING THAT IF WE DON'T KNOW PEOPLE IT IS HARD TO STICK UP FOR THEM, ADVOCATE FOR THEM, HAVE THEIR BACKS. AND THE PANDEMIC CERTAINLY ILLUSTRATED THAT. WE ARE ALSO ASKING LOURDES HOPING THAT THE WORK WE DO CANNOT BE THE LAST WORD, THAT CAN BE JUST THE START OF BROADER CONVERSATION THAT WOULD GENERATE IDEAS FOR WHAT WE CAN DO TO FOSTER THAT CONNECTION IN OUR NEIGHBORHOODS. I SUSPECT IF WE DO THIS RIGHT WE WON'T HAVE ONE SINGLE PROGRAM THAT WE -- ROLLS OUT NATIONALLY CREATE CONNECTIONS EVERYWHERE. BUT THEY WILL IN FACT CREATE IN BROADER NATIONAL NARRATIVE, A NATIONAL MOMENT MAXIMUM THAT WILL FUEL NUMBER OF LOCAL INITIATIVES WHERE PEOPLE TAKE UP RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR NEIGHBORHOODS, FOR THEIR SCHOOLS FOR THEIR WORKPLACES AND CREATE THE STRUCTURES AND PROGRAMS THAT CAN HELP PEOPLE KNOW ONE ANOTHER AND TRULY CREATE A SENSE OF BELONGING. SO THAT TO ME IS THE KIND OF EQUITY AND INCLUSION THAT I HOPE WE CAN CREATE ACROSS AMERICA. PETER? I DIDN'T SEE YOUR HAND UP. >> THANK YOU, DR. MURTHY. THIS WAS VERY INSPIRING AGENDA THAT YOU LAID OUT FOR US. AS YOU PROBABLY ARE AWARE, THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE FOR A LONG LONG TIME TO TRY TO CREATE A PAST YEN FOR AUTHORITATIVE HEALTH INFORMATION PEOPLE CAN COME TO, HAVE YOU THOUGHT INFORMATICS CROWD YOU ARE SPEAKING WITH SO WE INNOVATE IN THE SPACE AS YOU PROBABLY ARE AWARE, HAVE YOU THOUGHT ABOUT CREATING A SOFTWARE THAT IS EMBEDDED IN SOCIAL MEDIA TO AUTHENTICATE STATEMENT AGAINST WHAT IS IN MEDLINE PLUS AND PROVIDE BACK A RATING FOR THE QUALITY OR THE LIKELIHOOD OF -- THIS INFORMATION IS AUTHORITATIVE VERSUS THAT IT IS A MISINFORMATION OF SYSTEM SORT OR ANOTHER, THAT PERMEATE SOCIAL MEDIA STREAMS AND PROVIDE PEOPLE WITH RATINGS THAT WOULD BE IN THEIR FACE? IN BEHAVIORAL THEORY THE MORE SPECIFIC ADVICE AND MORE OFTEN YOU GIVE THE MORE LIKELY TO BE ADHERED TO. SO REALLY HOPING THAT GIVEN THESE FACTS AND THE WONDERFUL RICHNESS THAT THE LIBRARY YOU MIGHT CONSIDER WORKING WITH LIBRARY ON THIS INITIATIVE TOWARD BETTER AMERICA. >> THAT IS A GREAT SUGGESTION AND I LOVE THOSE IDEAS, I DO THINK THAT THESE ARE THE KIND OF SOLUTIONS THAT WE SHOULD BE DISCUSSING AND WORKING ON IN PARTNERSHIP WITH TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES, PART OF WHAT WE WANT TO UNDERSTAND ALSO IS WHAT HAVE THEY TRIED. WHAT TOOLS HAVE THEY BUILT INTERNALLY, WHAT WORKED WHAT HASN'T WORKED. THOSE ARE ALL SPACES I THINK ARE INVALUABLE FOR US TO HAVE A BROADER COMMUNITY OF SHARING, TRANSPARENCIES FROM THE COMPANIES SO IMPORTANT. I ALSO SAY PETER TO YOUR POINT, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT IS CHALLENGING IS TO FIGURE OUT WHO IS IN FACT THE ARBITER OF TRUTH? WHEN IT COMES TO STATEMENTS THAT MAYBE PUT OUT ONLINE. WE SHOULD BE USING THE LITERATURE TO HELP GUIDE THAT. THERE IS ALSO SOME ELEMENT OF NUANCE HERE AS WELL. SOMETHING MAY NOT NECESSARILY VIOLATE SOMETHING THAT IS IN PUBLISHED LITERATURE BUT WHERE IF THERE IS A PAUCITY OF DATA IN A GIVEN TOPIC, IS A QUESTION HOW DO WE THINK OR ADJUDICATE STATEMENTS OR HELP PEOPLE SEE PERHAPS CLAIM THERE IS DATA WHEN THERE IS NOT IS PROBLEMATIC. I THINK THESE ARE DIFFERENT CASE SCENARIOS ARE ONES TO THINK THROUGH AS WE DEVELOP BEST ALGORITHMS AND TOOLS IN ONLINE SETTINGS TO BE ABLE TO RESPOND. I THINK IT IS GOING TO TAKE HUMAN BEINGS AS WELL. ? ADDITION TO TECHNOLOGY THAT -- BECAUSE OF SOME OF THE GAPS IN DATA THAT WE WILL HAVE, IT WILL TAKE A BODY, WHETHER GROUP BY NLM OR NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, GROUP OF BODIES LIKE THAT, THAT HAS SKILL AND EXPERTISE AND CREDIBILITY IT WILL TAKEN GAUGEMENT OF LEADERSHIP AND GROUPS LIKE THAT TO BE ABLE TO SAY HEY, IF WE ARE UNSURE WHAT TRUE OR NOT LET'S RELY ON COLLECTIVE JUDGMENT ON THIS GROUP OF EXPERTS. >> I SEE SUZANNE, NEIL I DEFER FOR YOU, SEE IF WE CAN A CUFF COUPLE OF QUESTIONS FROM SUZANNE. >> GO AHEAD. >> I'M EXCITED BY THE VISION AND I THINK IT BENEFITS BOOTS ON THE GROUND IN NEW YORK CITY SOME OF THE MOST HEALTH DATE OPERATE POPULATIONS AND ON THE POSITIVE SIDE, JUST SO MUCH WITH THE MATCH WITH YOUR AGENDA, WHAT I HAVE REALLY BEEN SEEING IS THAT FOR THE FIRST TIME BECAUSE THEY HAD TO, PEOPLE HAVE BECOME MORE EFFICACIOUS ABOUT SELF MANAGEMENT. OF THEIR ACTIVITIES RELATED TO TESTING THEIR CHILDREN TO PREVENTION MEASURES TO MAKING SURE APPROPRIATE TESTING IS GOING ON. SO I GET SO EXCITED WHEN I HEAR ABOUT THESE INITIATIVES BECAUSE I REALLY GET THE FEELING THAT NOW MORE THAN EVER BEFORE PEOPLE MAY BE MORE READY TO TAKE ON SOME OF THESE CHALLENGES BECAUSE I SEE LOTS OF STRUGGLES BUT I ALSO SEE LOTS OF NEW SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES THAT MAKE THIS AGENDA INCREDIBLY EXCITING AND I THINK REALLY LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING THE RESPONSE TO IT. >> SUZANNE, I THINK IT IS REALLY INTERESTING WHAT YOU POINT OUT. I THINK PEOPLE WERE ASKED TO TAKE ON A LOT, AND GIVE YOU SORT OF AN EXAMPLE, MY KIDS WHO ARE FOUR AND FIVE, EFFECTIVELY DO THEIR OWN COVID TESTS, THEY GET OUT THE SWABS AND PUT OUT THE DROPS THEY JUST KNOW HOW TO DO THESE THINGS BECAUSE THEY ARE COVID KIDS IN THE SENSE GROWING UP IN THIS COVID ERA. WHEN I SEE THIS I'M REMINDED THE CAPACITY HUMAN BEINGS HAVE TO TAKE ON THINGS THAT I PERHAPS THOUGHT WAS TOO COMPLEX. I THINK THE CAVEAT TO THAT IS I THINK IT'S BEEN CHALLENGING IN SOME WAYS FOR FOLKS BECAUSE IN THIS SETTING WITH COVID, SO MUCH HAS BEEN EVOLVING RAPIDLY IN TERMS OF RECOMMENDATIONS AND TAKE MASKS FOR EXAMPLE, I THINK PEOPLE ARE SO CONFUSED WHEN TO WEAR MASKS. I DON'T BLAME THEM BECAUSE IT IS CONFUSING, AT TIMES BECAUSE IF YOU ARE IN A WORLD WHERE YOU HAVE TO ASSESS YOUR OWN RISK, BEFORE YOU MAKE THE HEALTH DECISION, AS OPPOSED TO WORLD WHICH YOU ARE TOLD WEAR IT HERE DON'T WEAR IT THERE, FOR EVERYONE, THEN THAT PUTS THE BURDEN ON PEOPLE TO HAVE TO MAKE THAT ASSESSMENT AND SOME CAN DO IT EASILY AND FOR SOME IT IS MORE CHALLENGING. BUT I DO THINK THAT TO ME LIKE I AGREE WITH YOU, THE PANDEMIC HIGHLIGHTED THE FACT PEOPLE HAVE CAPACITY TO DO MORE WITH THEIR HEALTH THAN WE SOMETIMES PERHAPS GIVE THEM CREDIT FOR. BUT IT IS ALSO HIGHLIGHTED THE FACT THAT WE HAVE TO BE AS CLEAR AS POSSIBLE IN DIRECTION CONSISTENT AS WE CAN BE GIVEN LIMITATIONS OF CHANGING DATA. AND ALSO TO RECOGNIZE THAT THERE IS SUCH A SPECTRUM, IN AMERICA THERE IS SOME PEOPLE WHO HAVE TOOLS AND LUXURY TO BE ABLE TO LIKE TAKE TIME LEARN HE IS THINGS GET SUPPORT, HAVE THEIR QUESTIONS ANSWERED IF NEEDED AND OTHER PEOPLE WORKING THREE JOBS AND TRYING TO RAISE TWO KIDS AND DON'T HAVE ANY TIME UNTIL THEY FIGURE THIS STUFF OUT AND NOT PAYING ATTENTION TO THE NEWS SO WHEN THEY DON'T KNOW WHEN STUFF IS COMING UP SO THAT HIGHLIGHTED THE FACT WE NEED FREQUENT TOUCH POINTS, FOR PEOPLE WITH HEALTH, SO SCHOOLS ARE FREQUENT TOUCH POINT FOR PARENTS. BECAUSE THEY HAVE TO BRING THEIR KIDS TO SCHOOL. BUT WHEN IT COMES TO HEALTH ESPECIALLY IF YOU DON'T HAVE YOUR PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR, MANY DON'T HAVE THOSE TOUCH POINTS TO HELP. COULD THEY BE PUBLIC LIBRARIES THAT HAVE A ROLE IN THE FUTURE, COULD THEY BE OTHER PLACES, LOT OF PEOPLE GO TO PHARMACIES TO ONE THING OR ANOTHER, PHARMACIES HAVE A ROLE TO PLAY HELPING WITH DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY TO MAKING SURE PEOPLE HAVE TOUCH POINTS, TAKE ACTION ON HEALTH, THESE ARE ELEMENTS OF THE NEW WORLD THAT WE CAN IMAGINE AS WE MAKE OUR WAY THROUGH THIS PANDEMIC. AND START TO IMAGINE WHAT A POST PANDEMIC WORLD LOOKS LIKE. WE HAVE TO DO EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT, WHICH IS NOT ALLOW OURSELVES TO SAY OKAY, SUCCESS IS FLIPPING BACK TO 2019, THE WAY THINGS WERE PRE-PANDEMIC BE ASKING OURSELVES HOW DO WE BUILD A BETTER WORLD THAN WHAT WE HAD, A WORLD WHERE PEOPLE HAVE GREATER AK SYCES TO CARE, MORE TOOLS EMPOWERED TO MAKE HEALTH DECISIONS WHETHER DIGITAL HEALTH LIT THRASH IS ALL TIME HIGH -- LITERACY IS ALL TIME HIGH AND CONNECTED TO ONE ANOTHER IN COMMUNITY OF MUTUAL SUPPORT AND BELONGING. THAT IS WHAT WE WANT TO WORK ON AND IS POSSIBLE BUT WILL TAKE US WORKING TOGETHER. OUR TIME IS COMING TO CLOSE, THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE HERE AND SHARE WITH YOU AND MORE SUPPORT, THANK YOU FOR THE WORK THAT YOU ARE DOING. NEIL FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP, PATRICIA FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP AT THE ORGANIZATION AND ALL OF YOU FOR WHAT YOU ARE DOING TO HELP GUIDE NLM AND ITS WORK. >> THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE DR. MURTHY. WONDERFUL TO HEAR YOUR VISION. >> NEIL YOU ARE ON MUTE. >> THANK YOU FOR JOINING US FOR YOUR TIME DURING THIS MORNING AND FOR YOUR FOCUS ON THESE CRITICAL ISSUES. APPRECIATE IT NOW WE MOVE TO APPROVE OF MINUTES. YOU HAVE REVIEWED THE MINUTES OF FEBRUARY 2022 MEETING. ARE THERE ANY CHANGES OR AMENDMENTS TO THOSE MINUTES? HEARING NONE, MAY I HAVE A MOTION TO APPROVE THE MINUTES? >> SO MOVED. >> SECOND? >> SECONDED? ALL IN FAVOR OF APPROVING THE MINUTES, PLEASE SAY AYE OR INDICATE RAIDING YOUR HAND. -- RAISING YOUR HAND. >> AYE. >> OPPOSED? MINUTES ARE APPROVED FOR FEBRUARY 8, 2022. PLEASE NOTE THE ADDITION OF A PROPOSED SPRING 2024 BOARD OF REGENTS MEETING MAY 14 AND 15, TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY. NOTE THE UPCOMING MEETINGS RELEVANT TO MEMBERS OF THIS ORGANIZATION AAMC IN NATIONAL IN NOVEMBER AND AMIA IN WASHINGTON ALSO IN NOVEMBER. WITH THAT I THINK WE CAN SWITCH -- >> ASK WHICH OF THESE MEETINGS WILL BE IN PERSON? >> AS FAR AS I'M AWARE THEY ARE >> I CAN ADDRESS THAT FOR THE BOARD MEMBERS WHO ARE PRESENT FIRST OF ALL GOOD MORNING, I'M PATTY BRENNAN NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. SURE YOU ARE WOUNDING WITH WHEN WE WILL GET BACK TOGETHER? IT IS OUR HOPE TO HAVE OUR SEPTEMBER MEETING AS AND IN PERSON MEETING HERE IN WASHINGTON. OBVIOUSLY WE NEED TO AWAIT NIH FINAL DIRECTION ABOUT THAT, I WANTED TO WORK WITH OUR INCOMING BOARD CHAIR WHO WILL KNOW LATER TODAY AND ALSO WITH THE BOARD MEMBERS SO YOU CAN EXPECT THE HEAR FROM US OVER SUMMER TO PLAN A MEETING IN SEPTEMBER. NIH LARGELY IS LOOKING AT COUNCIL MEETINGS AND REVIEW GROUPS TO BE HAVING AT LEAST ONE IN PERSON MEETING A YEAR AND REMAINDER OF THE MEETINGS ARE VIRTUAL SO YOU CAN ENVISION FUTURE WE HAVE SEPTEMBER LAUNCHING MEETING AS IN PERSON AND VIRTUAL MEETINGS FOR THE REST OF THE TIME BUT WE NEED TO WORK OUT MORE DETAILS WITH THAT. THANK YOU. >> IF READY TO BEGIN I WILL BEGIN MY DIRECTOR'S REPORT. >> PLEASE GO AHEAD. THANK YOU. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE. THANK YOU, VERY MUCH FOR THE TIME YOU HAVE SPENT NOT ONLY TO BE HERE WITH THIS MEETING WITH US BUT ALSO FOR THE TIME YOU SPEND BETWEEN MEETINGS THINKING ABOUT US RESPONDING TO REQUESTS AND PARTICIPATING IN OUR WORKING GROUPS. TODAY I'M JOINED IN THE FOURTH FLOOR CONFERENCE ROOM BUILDING 38A OUR BUILDING WITH OLIVE YEAH AND DIANE AND DSOUZA, TEN FEET ACROSS THE HAUL IS TODD DANIELSON, COUPLE ON SITE THE REST VIR WHICH YOU FELT THIS REFLECT IT IS WORKPLACE AT THE NIH NOW, RETURNING TO WORK, WE ANTICIPATE THAT ALL STAFF WILL BE SPENDING ARRANGING A WORKING AGREEMENT, WORKPLACE FLEXIBILITY AGREEMENT AND WE EXPECT THE MAJORITY OF STAFF WILL BE ON TELEWORK ARRANGEMENT WHERE WE WILL BE INTO CAMPUS ONE TO TWO DAYS PAY PERIOD AND THE REST OF THE TIME WORKING REMOTELY. WATCH THIS, WE HAVE LOTS OF NEW IDEAS COMING FORWARD AND RELY ON YOUR GUIDANCE TO TAKE FORWARD INTO THIS NEW WAY OF WORKING. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. MY LEADERSHIP TEAM IS MOSTLY HERE, DR. MCDONALD HAS FAMILY EMERGENCY AND NOT ABLE TO BE HERE TODAY BUT RED MINDER OF THE LEADERSHIP TEAM ARE AVAILABLE AND YOU WILL HEAR FROM THEM TODAY. WE ARE DOING NEW TRIALS WITH THE DIRECTOR'S REPORT TO ENGAGE LEADERSHIP. I HAVE A GREAT HONOR OF THANKING OUR OUTGOING BOARD MEMBERS FOR THEIR SERVICES AND APPRECIATE THE EFFORTS THEY HAVE PUT INTO THIS PERIOD OF TIME, YOU GUIDED US THROUGH THE TRANSITION, BROUGHT US TO THE OTHER SIDE AND WE ARE THANKFUL FOR THAT, NEIL RAM BOW AND CLAY JOHN TON, WISH YOU THE BEST -- JOHNSTON, WE KNOW WHERE YOU LIVE AND MAY CALL YOU FOR FUTURE CONSULTATIONS. I WILL TAKE TIME TO SAY GOODBYE TO BRETT MILLER. A NEW RESPONSE ABILITY THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND WILL BE LEAVING A AFTER THE BOARD TODA TODAY. THAU TO BRENT FOR PARTNERSHIP AND HIS SCIENCE INSPIRED US. JANE BLUMENTHAL SERKED AS A STRATEGIC CONSULTANT FOR TWO YEARS. JANE HAS TAKEN ON NEW RESPONSIBILITY IN MICHIGAN, NOT ABLE TO BE HERE TODAY AND WILL NO LONGER JOIN US FOR BOARD MEETINGS BUT HER GUIDANCE HAS BEEN IMPORTANT TO ME. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. AS YOU KNOW WE ARE WORKING UNDER STRATEGIC PLAN WHICH HAS THE THREE PILLARS OF ACCELERATING DISCOVERY AND ADVANCING HEALTH THROUGH DATA DRIVEN RESEARCH REACHING MORE PEOPLE TO ENHANCE DISSEMINATION ENGAGEMENT AND BUILDING A WORK FORCE TORR DATA DRIVEN RESEARCH AND HEALTH. I WILL USE A VIDEO TO INTRODUCE YOU TO SOME OF THE WORK HAPPENING UNDER THE SECOND PILLAR REACHING MORE PEOPLE IN NEW WAYS TO SHOW WHAT THE NATIONAL NETWORK OF NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE HAS BEEN DOING IN COMMUNITIES OF NEED. THIS VIDEO IS A LITTLE BIT OLDER, MADE IN 2019 BUT SO GLAD I HAVE TO SHOW IT TO YOU. IF WE COULD GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE IN THE VIDEO PLEASE. >>THE GOAL OF HIS WORKSHOP IS TO HAVE COMMUNITY PREPARED TO RESPOND TO OPIOID OVERDOSES. WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO ADDRESS THIS ISSUE FROM THE GROUND UP. SOUTH CENTRAL WAS STARTED OUT OF NEED FOR HIV EDUCATION, IN SOUTHERN WEST VIRGINIA AND IT WAS ACTUALLY DEVELOPED AS A ORGANIZATION THAT TARGETED AFRICAN AMERICANS. AS WE GOT OUT WE WERE DOING THE WORK IN RURAL COMMUNITIES, IT WAS EVIDENT THAT EVERYONE NEEDED IT. SO WE MOVE FROM MINORITY BASED PROGRAM TO GENERAL POPULATION PROGRAM. WE ARE PUNNED THROUGH THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE, SUPPORTING OUR TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM HERE IN THE BUILDING AND MISSION IS PRESENTING HIGH QUALITY WELLNESS INFORMATION AND IS TRUSTED EASY TO UNDERSTAND AND FREE. >> WE FIRST BECAME CONNECTED IN 2012, THEIR FIRST APPLICATION FROM US WAS BASED ON COMMUNITY OUTREACH TO REDUCE HEALTH DISPARITIES AND STIGMAS. THEN WE REALIZE THERE WAS A NEED FOR TECHNOLOGY BECAUSE HAVING A COMPUTER LAB AVAILABLE FOR PEOPLE AT COMMUNITY CENTER WHERE THEY CAN LOOK UP HEALTH INFORMATION IN GENERAL WAS REALLY IMPORTANT >> PROJECT TOWARDS TECHNOLOGY OUTREACH TO REDUCE HEALTH DISPARITIES, BEING ABLE TO ACCESS NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE DATABASE GIVES TOOLS TO TEACH PEOPLE HOW THEY CAN GO AND FIND INFORMATION. >> THERE IS NOT A LOT OF OPPORTUNITIES HERE. THIS AREA LACKS IN RESOURCES. SOUTH CENTRAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IS THE ONLY ONE AROUND HERE HAVING ANY IMPACT. >>THANK YOU VERY MUCH, THANKS TO THE OFFICE OF EDUCATION OUTREACH EDUCATION AND TRAINING, THIS WORK OF THE NETWORK NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE IS IMPORTANT AROUND THE COUNTRY. LET ME GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. LIKE MANY OFFICE OF EDUCATION OUTREACH EDUCATION TRAINEES WITHIN THE DIVISION OF LIBRARY OPERATIONS LIBRARY OF OPERATIONS IS UNDERTAKING A LONG RANGE PLANNING ACTIVITY TO ENVISION THE LIBRARY IN 2036. THEY IDENTIFY FIVE GOALS TEN OUTCOMES AND 26 DELIVERABLES, THE GOALS ARE ON THE SCREEN IN FRONT OF YO YOU. MODERNIZE THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, UNIFY AND TRANSFORM THE THE COLLECTION IS A HUGE STEP FOR US, SUPPORT AND PROMOTE USE OF HEALTH DATA STANDARDS AN TERMINOLOGIES PROVIDE CUSTOMER SERVICE AND CUSTOMER DESIGN AND EXPERIENCE SUPPORT AND TO KNOW EQUITABLY ENGAGE USERS, ARE PROUD OF THE WORK THEY ARE DOING AND IT IS VERY EXCITING THEY HAVE BEEN ABLE TO MOVE THIS FORWARD UNDERNEATH THIS PANDEMIC IN OUR MAXIMUM TELEWORK. AS APRIL THIS YEAR THE STAFF ACROSS THE LIBRARY OPERATIONS HAVE RETURNED TO WORK TO WORK ON THE COLLECTION ACQUISITION AND MANAGEMENT NOTICE BOOKS ON THE LOWER PICTURE HERE, WE ARE STILL PROCESSING OVER 400 BOXES OF BOOKS THAT REPRESENT THE BACKLOG AND TRYING TO GET THESE MATERIALS BOTH DOCUMENTED AND -- INTO OUR COLLECTION THAT MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT LARGE. A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR RESPONSIBILITIES IS TO PROMOTE PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY AND USE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE BOARD OF REGENTS, ESTABLISH NLM COLLECTIONS POLICY, THIS IS INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT IN THE PAST YEAR. AS THIS POLICY HAS SERVED TO GUIDE CONTRIBUTION TO SEQUENCE READ ARCHIVE ARE PRECIOUS LARGE SEQUENCE GENOMIC SEQUENCE DATA REPOSITORY. THE COLLECTIONS POLICY OF THE BOARD OF REGIONS PROMOTES THE INTEGRITY OF PUBLIC ACCESS TO SEQUENCE DATA. DURING THIS PAST 18 MONTHS, DURING THIS PAST 12 MONTHS, WE HAD CHALLENGES TO MANAGE SEQUENCE REGARD PARTICULARLY OUR PRACTICES OF ALLOWING INVESTIGATORS TO REMOVE SEQUENCES IF THE SEQUENCES ARE POUND TO BE IN SOME WAY NOT APPROPRIATE FOR PUBLIC DISSEMINATION. WE HAD SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGE REPORTED IN THE PRESS OVER THE LAST YEAR TO RESPOND TO THAT CHALLENGE, WE EDGE GAUGED A FIRM TO CAUSE ANALYSIS TO EVALUATE WHAT HAPPENED AND HELP US BETTER UNDERSTAND. OUR REPORT FROM THIS WILL ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS IS RELEASED, IT IS GUIDING THE NEXT STEP HOW WE MANAGE OUR COLLECTIONS HERE WITHIN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE, THIS ONE SPECIFICALLY WITHIN NCBI. BOARD OF REGENTS POLICY IS IMPLEMENTD BY THE LITERATURE SELECTION TECHNICAL REVIEW COMMITTEE OR LISTRICC THIS IS ANOTHER FACA THAT SUPPORT IT IS NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE WORK, MEETS QUARTERLY TO REVIEW APPLICATIONS TO INCLUDE JOURNALS IN MED LINE COLLECTION, THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT WAY THAT WE HEAR FROM THE SCIENTIFIC AND LAY PUBLIC ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE COLLECTION THAT WE SHOULD BE UNDERTAKING SPECIFICALLY AS IT RELATES TO JOURNALS. I WANT TO TAKE A MOMENT TO REMIND YOU HOW IMPORTANT YOUR GUIDANCE IS TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE MANY THESE AREAS. BEGINNING MAY OF 2022, THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE IS OFFERING DAILY UPDATES OF ACCESS GOOD ID. THIS IS A UNIQUE MEDICAL DEVICE IDENTIFIER THAT IS IMPORTANT TO ALOUD FOR IDENTIFICATIONS OF VARIOUS DEVICES THAT MUST BE EITHER SYNCHRONIZED OR MADE AVAILABLE FOR CLINICAL CARE, SOME OF THE WORK HERE SERVES THE PUBLIC ENSURING DEVICES CAN BE TRACKED IN AN APPROPRIATE WAY. THIS DATA SET IS NOW MOVED TO THE GOOGLE CLOUD WHICH ALLOWS IT TO BE MORE ACCESSIBLE AROUND THE WORLD. LET ME MOVE TO THE NEXT SLIDE BECAUSE I WANT TO SPEAK WITH YOU MORE ABOUT ACCESSING ACCELERATING ACCESS TO LITERATURE MOLECULAR DATA. AS YOU KNOW OUR RESOURCES, HOLDINGS ARE GROWING RAPIDLY, MORE RAPID THAN EVER IMAGINED AND WE NEED TO MAKE THEM AVAILABLE QUICKLY. WE ANNOUNCED IN JANUARY OF THIS YEAR INITIATIVE CALLED MAINE, MATCHED ANNCATION BY MCBI AND EMBL PARTNERS IN EUROPE. THIS IS THE FIRST WORLDWIDE RESOLUTION OF CRITICAL LOCATIONS ON GENES WHERE PROTEIN CODING ERRORS MAY OCCUR. BECAUSE WE HAVE THIS GLOBAL AGREEMENT IT PROVIDES A REFERENCE STANDARD FOR CLINICAL GENOMICS AND RESEARCH. WE HAVE INITIATED AS OF APRIL OF THIS YEAR FULLY AUTOMATED INDEX TO FULL SET OF MED LINE JOURNALS THIS IS AN AUTOMATED FIRST MACHINE INDEXING WE REDUCES TIME TO INDEXING FOR OUR CITATIONS, FROM MANY MONTHS TO A FEW DAYS AND ELIMINATES BACKLOG. WE STILL HAVE HUMAN EXPERTS HELPING WITH INDEXING THEY PROVIDE US WITH BOTH GUIDANCE HOW EFFECTIVELY OUR MACHINE ALGORITHM IS WORKING AS WELL AS RESOLVING CHALLENGES WHEN HUMAN THOUGHT IS NEEDED TO PROPERLY MAKE INDEX DECISION. OUR LISTER HILL NATIONAL CENTER FOR BIOMEDICAL COMMUNICATION HAS BEEN -- RELEASED A VERY EXCITING NEW IMAGE DATABASE, THIS IMAGE DATABASE SOME EXAMPLES WHICH YOU SEE ON THE RIGHT OF THE SCREEN ARE ANNOTATED FIXED SMEARS FOR PALACE MODE YUM WHICH IS A PAIR SITE IMPLICATED IN MALARIA. THIS REFERENCE RESOURCES VALUABLE WORLDWIDE FOR BEING ABLE TO ACCELERATE MACHINE UNDERSTANDING AND WHAT WAS IMPORTANT HERE IS ABILITY TO USE INDEXING TO USE IMAGING RATHER THAN BETTER DISCERN THROUGH MACHINE ANALYSIS WHAT STAGE PARASITE WAS IN. OUR SEQUENCE FREE ARCHIVE IS SAILABLE THROUGH AMAZON WEB SERVICES OPEN PLATFORM. MANY THE LAST TWO YEARS SINCE OPENING CLOUD BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF SRA WE HAD 60 MILLION USER INTERACTIONS TO OVER 18 MILLION SEQUENCE RECORDS. IMPORTANTLY WITHIN THIS, WAS SARS COV-2 MUTATION AND VARIANT ANALYSIS RESULTS. WE HAVE ALSO SET UP SOME ADDITIONAL SARS COV-2 RESOURCES TO MAKE ACCESSIBLE FOR THE WORLD BETTER TO UNDERSTAND THIS VIRUS THAT CONTINUES TO PERPLEX US. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. WE MADE SIGNIFICANT ADVANCES IN MEDICAL SCIENCE, THE WORK DONE WITH LISTER HILL AS WELL AS WITH COLLABORATION WITH NIAID, BROUGHT TOGETHER MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS AND CLINICAL INDICATOR ANALYSIS TO BE ABLE TO DISCRIMINATE LOOKING ONLY AT IMAGES BETWEEN DRUG RESISTANT AND DRUG SENSITIVE TUBERCULOSIS. ANOTHER TEAM WITHIN LISTER HILL IS WORKING ON DEVELOPING A STATISTICAL POOL THAT COMBINES DEEP LEARNING AND COX REGRESSION THAT SUPPORTS FIRST TIME TYING VARIANT AND ANALYSIS OF TIME VARIANT CO-VARIANTS. OUR INVESTIGATORS HAVE BEEN ACTIVE IN PUBLICATIONS WITH ALMOST 50 PUBLICATION SINCE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR. OUR MOST CITED WORK COMES FROM DR. KUNAN'S LAB, COMPACT RNA EDITORS AND SMALL CAS PROTEINS. THE IDENTIFICATION OF NEW CAS PROTEINS OF CLINICAL VALUE. WE HAVE AWARDED 10 NEW EXTRAMURAL AWARDS INCLUDING RESEARCH PROGRAM GRANTS, SCHOLARLY WORKS AND PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ALL OF US PROGRAM INCLUDING ESTABLISHING LIBRARY AMBASSADORS PROGRAM TO BRING NEW PEOPLE INTO USING THE RESEARCHERS WORKBENCH WITHIN ALL OF US. THE PARTNERSHIP WITH US IS ALMOST FIVE YEARS OLD AND INCREDIBLY SUCCESSFUL PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE, OUR LIBRARY OPERATIONS AND NETWORK OF NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE, I WILL TELL YOU GOOD NEWS ABOUT THE BUDGET SINCE WE LAST MET WE GOT AN APPROPRIATION THAT IS VERY EXCITING FOR US. IF YOU LOOK AT THE FOURTH LINE SECOND LINE FROM BOTTOM YOU SEE APPROPRIATION THIS YEAR IS $479,439,000. THIS REPRESENTS A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE FROM LAST YEAR, IT HAS ALLOWED US TO CONTINUE TO SUPPORT RENOVATIONS OF OUR BUILDING AS WELL AS EXPAND IN OUR INFRASTRUCTURE EFFORTS. NOTICE THE PRESIDENT'S BUDGET LOOKS LIKE WE ARE GETTING A REDUCTION NEXT YEAR. THAT IS ACTUALLY ARTIFACT OF THE TIMING OF THE APPROPRIATIONINGS LANGUAGE, WE FULLY EXPECT THAT OUR APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE NEXT FISCAL YEAR WILL MEET OR EXCEED OUR APPROPRIATIONS FOR THIS YEAR. ANY APPROPRIATIONS LANGUAGE THERE WAS A SPECIFICATION THAT THE ARPAH ADVANCE RESEARCH PROJECTS FOR HEALTH AGENCY WOULD BE LOCATED WITHIN HHS AND HAS NOW BEEN ASSIGNED TO THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. THE DIRECTOR OF ARPA H WILL REPORT TO THE SECRETARY AND THIS INITIATIVE HOUSED WITHIN NIH WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE GOOD THINGS NIH DOES ESTABLISH A TRACTIBILITY AND PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY FOR SPENDING BUT WILL FOCUS MORE ON HIGH RISK HIGH REWARD RESEARCH THAT WILL CONVERT USE DRIVEN IDEAS INTO TANGIBLE SOLUTIONS, IT WILL OPERATE MORE LIKE DARPA THAN THE NIH PROCESS. LET ME TURN NOW TO PERSONNEL UPDATES ON THE NEXT SLIDE. I WILL PAUSE A MOMENT IN THE NEXT SLIDE TO BRING -- WE LOST ONE OF OUR STAFF MEMBERS ALEXI (INDISCERNIBLE) PASSED AWAY THIS SPRING, HE WAS A MEMBER OF OUR NCBI GROUP, I WOULD LOU I CAN TO TAKE A MINUTE TO PAUSE AND HONOR OF ALEXEY ISKHAKOV. I'M SORRY HOW OFTEN I HAVE TO BRING THOSE ANNOUNCEMENTS TO YOU BUT IT IS IMPORTANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THESE WONDERFUL PEOPLE WHO CONTRIBUTED TO US. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. WE HAVE A NEW APPOINTMENTTY SHAH SCHROEDER JOINED CATALOG MANAGEMENT AS HEAD OF OFFICE, IN LIBRARY OPERATIONS GROUP AND WE ARE SATURDAY TO NOTE THE RETIREMENT OF PAT TUOHY WITH THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE HISTORY MEDICINE FOR MANY YEARS, SHE RETIRED TO GO ON TO NEW ACTIVITIES. I WILL NOW TURN TO DR. RICHARD PALMER ACTING DIRECTOR OFROAMS TO TELL YOU ABOUT OUR EFFORTS IN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE INSTITUTIONAL TRAINING GRANTS. DR. PALMER. >> GOOD MORNING. I'M HEAR TO PROVIDE WORK WITH A QUICK UPDATE ON THE T 15 AWARDS NLM IS IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING. SINCE GOVERNMENT WAS IN CR LAST MEETING WE COULDN'T MAKE THESE AWARDS HOWEVER MOST HAVE NOW BEEN PROCESSED WITH A START DATE OF JULY 1 AS ORIGINALLY ANTICIPATED. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. AS YOU -- FOR THE T 15 AWARD INFORMATION, 18 AWARDS WERE -- WILL BE MADE STARTING JULY 1. THREE NEW INSTITUTIONS, 15 RENEWED INSTITUTIONS. THE -- OF THESE AWARDS THREE -- NLM WILL FUND APPROXIMATELY 170 FELLOWS PER YEAR, 110 PRE-DOC FELLOWS, 60 POST DOC FELLOWS. THE AVERAGE COST IS 55,000 FOR PRE-DOCTORAL, 90,000 POST-DOCTORAL AND FOR FISCAL YEAR 22, 11.5 MILLION IS EARMARKED FOR THE T 15 PROGRAM. NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. HERE IS A LISTING OF INSTITUTIONS THAT WILL RECEIVE T 15 AWARDS, THREE NEW INSTITUTIONS JOINING US ARE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES AND MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA. JOHNS HOPKINS AN UCLA HAVE PREVIOUSLY PARTICIPATED IN THE T 15 PROGRAM IN EARLY ITERATION. I ALSO WANT TO BRING ATTENTION THAT THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY INFECTIOUS DISEASE WILL BE FUNDING EIGHT ADDITIONAL PRE-DOC SLOTS FOR HIV CLINICAL TRAINING TRACK. THOSE INSTITUTIONS INCLUDE STANFORD, COLUMBIA AND OREGON HEALTH SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, WILL RECEIVE THOSE ADDITIONAL TRAINING SLOTS. I ALSO WANT TO KNOW STANFORD UNIVERSITY WILL BE ENTERING ITS 39TH YEAR PARTICIPATING IN THE T 15 PROGRAMS SO CONGRATULATIONS TO STANFORD OUR LONGEST MEMBER. THE REMAINDER OF AWARDS ARE LISTED HERE, WILL POINT OUT UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON AND VANNED IT WILL RECEIVE NIAID PRE-DOC SLOTS. THE T 15 INSTITUTION SELECTED HAVE OUTSTANDING ENVIRONMENTS STRONG BIOMEDICAL INFORMATIC AND SCIENCE PROGRAMS AND DEMONSTRATED HISTORY INCREASING DIVERSITY OF THOSE TRAINED. THIS IS A MAP DEMON INVESTIGATING DISTRIBUTION OF OUR PROGRAM. AS YOU CAN SEE OUR T 15 PROGRAM IS SPREAD ACROSS THE UNITED STATES AND BALANCE ACROSS THE REGIONS. IF WE LOOK EAST AND WEST THEY ARE ALMOST EQUAL. WE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF UPDATING THE NLM T 15 WEBSITE INFORMATION AND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT EACH OF THESE PROGRAMS WILL BE ABLE TO BE FOUND ON THE NLM T 15 WEBSITE. THANK YOU AND IF YOU HAVE ANY FURTHER QUESTIONS I WILL ANSWER AT END OF THE DIRECTOR'S SESSION. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, RICHARD. NOW WE WILL TURN TO DR. VALERIE FLORENCE, ACTING SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR TO BRING NEWS FROM INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM. >> THANKS. I'M THRILLED TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT TWO NEW INVESTIGATORS WHO ARE JOINING OUR INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM, ONE OF THEM IS ACTUALLY THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE DR. MICHAEL CHIANG. HIS FOCUS IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR DIAGNOSIS OF EYE DISEASE. SO HE'S INTERESTED IN REALLY REAL WORLD CARE SOLUTIONS. AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL AND IMAGE REPOSITORIES. I'M PROUD TO ANNOUNCE WE HAVE A NEW HIRE IN OUR COMPUTATIONAL HEALTH RESEARCH BRANCH. DR. JEREMY WEISS IN THE CLINICAL DATA SCIENCE AREA. HE WILL BE STARTING IN JUNE. AT THAT POINT IF WE COUNT THESE TWO WE WILL HAVE 15, 16 INVESTIGATORS NOW WHICH IS THE BIG MOVE FORWARD. JEREMY'S AREAS ARE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, CLINICAL SCIENCES BIOSTATISTICS, HE IS AT CASH GIVE MELON UNTIL WE GET -- CARNEGIE MELON UNTIL WE GET HIM, RUNNING A LAB CALLED CARE HEALTH AND REASONING MACHINES. HE IS FOCUSED ON APPROACHES FOR DRAWING RESEARCH INFERENCES FROM LARGE OBSERVATIONAL HEALTHCARE DATA. AND I LISTED A COUPLE OF RECENT ARTICLES OF HIS FAIRNESS IN MACHINE LEARNING TO CORRECT ALGORITHMIC BIAS, SUCH AN IMPORTANT AREA. SO WE ARE REALLY -- AND ALSO TRYING TO PREDICT CERTAIN THINGS USING HOSPITAL RECORDS AND OTHER RECORDS SUCH AS MORTALITY RISK AFTER NON-FATAL OPIOID OVERDOSE. THAT IS MY NEWS. JUNE HE WILL BE STARTING WITH US. ONE MORE THING. BOTH OPHTHETI INVESTIGATORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH NLM EXTRAMURAL UNIVERSITY BASED TRAINING PROGRAMS IN THEIR PAST. WE ARE PROUD OF THAT TOO. >> NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. >> HAPPY TO ANNOUNCE THIS TOO. WE MENTIONED AT OUR PREVIOUS BOARD MEETING, WE HAVE A DIVERSITY DATA SCIENCE INTERN PROGRAM WE JUST LAUNCHED THIS YEAR AND FROM THE INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM. SO SUMMER INTERNSHIPS TEN WEEKS BEGIN IN JUNE AS WELL, WE IDIOT REACH FROM THE SD OFFICE, FROM THE SCIENTIFIC DIRECTORS OFFICE, AT LOCAL HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY AND MINORITY SERVING INSTITUTIONS. WE HAVE FIVE INTERNS WE ARE THRILLED WE HAVE FIVE INTERNS AND MATCH WITHIN NLM INVESTIGATORS WHO ARE GOING TO MENTOR THEM AND I SHOWED YOU THE LIST OF WHO THE INTERNS NAME IS FIRST, INVESTIGATORS NAME IS SECOND. WE ARE VERY PROUD OF THEM AND WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THIS PROGRAM LOOKING FORWARD TO HAVING MORE OF THEM AND PERHAPS LONGER SESSIONS IN FUTURE. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, VALERIE. NOW LET'S TURN TO DR. ESCABON WHO WILL GIVE LEGISLATION AND POLICY UPDATE. >> THANK YOU, PATTY, GOOD MORNING TO EVERYONE. I WANT TO GIVE BRIEF LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY UPDATES AS ALWAYS ENCOURAGE YOU TO REVIEW THE WRITTEN UPDATE WE PROVIDE FOR MORE DETAIL AND LINKS FOR MORE INFORMATION. FIRST IN TERMS OF APPROPRIATIONS IS PATTY ALREADY ALLUDED TO, MID MARCH PRESIDENT BIDEN SIGNED INTO LAW CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT WHICH PROVIDES APPROPRIATION TO THE END OF THIS FISCAL YEAR, IN ADDITION TO INCREASE FROM NIH AND NLM BUDGETS AS WELL AS AUTHORIZING ARPA H, THE APPROPRIATIONS ACT APPROPRIATED $1 BILLION IN FUNDING FOR ARPA H, THOSE FUNDS ARE AVAILABLE SEPTEMBER OF 2024. PATTY MENTIONED THAT PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST RELEASE AT END OF MARCH, THIS IS THE BUDGET REQUEST FOR 2023. WITH IT NLM CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET JUSTIFICATION I ENCOURAGE Y'ALL TO READ AND TAKE A LOOK AT. THIS RELEASE OF PRESIDENT BUDGET OFFICIALLY KICKS OFF 2023 APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS, SECRETARY BECERA TESTIFIED BEFORE SEVERAL SENATE AND HOUSE COMMITTEES ON PROPOSED HHS BUDGET AND TOMORROW DR. TABAK WILL BE JOINED BY FIVE INSTITUTE DIRECTORS TO TESTIFY BEFORE HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE LABOR HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES EDUCATION AND RELATED SAY GYPSIES REGARDING THE NIH 23 BUDGET PROPOSAL. I ALSO WANT TO BRIEFLY TOUCH ON TOPIC OF GENOMIC DATA SHARING AND PANDEMIC RESPONSE, CONGRESS IS CONSIDERING SEVERAL BILLS RELATED TO PANDEMIC RESPONSE THAT INCLUDE PROVISIONS RELATED TO SHARING OF GENOMIC DATA. WE AT NLM ARE ENGAGING DISCUSSIONS ORGANIZED BY WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS TO IMPROVE COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF SEQUENCE DATA TO AID FUTURE PANDEMIC RESPONSE. TWO BILLS OF INTEREST I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT, THE FIRST ONE BEING THE PREVENT PANDEMICS ACT WHICH I MENTIONED DURING MY FEBRUARY UPDATE, SINCE THEN THIS BILL HAS UNDERGONE CONSIDERATION AND MARK UP BY FULL SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH EDUCATION LABOR AND PENSION OR HEALTH COMMITTEE AND AMENDED TO INCORPORATE WHAT IS KNOWN AS THE ARPA H ACT. IN ADDITION TO THAT, I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT THE TRACKING PATHOGENS ACT WHICH IS INTRODUCE IN THE HOUSE IN MID MARCH AND RELATED BILL INTRODUCED IN SENATE IN JANUARY OF THIS YEAR. THIS BILL WOULD REQUIRE SECRETARY OF HHS TO SUPPORT INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION ON GENOMIC SEQUENCING OF PATHOGENS AND TO STRENGTHEN AND EXPAND RELATED ACTIVITIES BOTH CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION AND AT NIH. LASTLY I WANTED TO BRIEFLY MENTION TWO OTHER BILLS OF INTEREST TO NLM AND NIH. THE FIRST IS AMERICA COMPETES ACT. WHICH PASSED HOUSE IN EARLY FEBRUARY, THE SENATE TOOK UP THE BILL AND AMEND IT BY SUBSTITUTING IT WITH THE TEXT OF A BILL THAT WAS PREVIOUSLY PASSED IN SENATE IN SEPTEMBER OF LAST YEAR, THE U.S. INNOVATION AND COMPETITION ACT OF 2021. YOU MAY RECALL I BRIEFLY MENTIONED IT DURING MY SEPTEMBER 2021 UPDATE TO THE BOARD. THE WEEK BEFORE LAST THE SENATE VOTED TO ENTER INTO FINAL CONFERENCE NEGOTIATIONS TO RECONCILE THE TWO VERSIONS OF THE BILL SO THE HOUSE VERSION AND THE SENATE VERSION. LAST WEEK THE SENATE ANNOUNCED TO SAY SENATE REPRESENTATIVES THAT WILL BE ENGAGING HOUSE REPRESENTATIVES TO RESOLVE DIFFERENCES THE TWO BILLS AND THAT IS SOMETHING WE ARE MONITORING CLOSELY. LASTLY, I WANTED TO MENTION THE RIGHT DRUG DOSE NOW ACT WHICH WAS INTRODUCED AT THE END OF FEBRUARY IN THE HOUSE AND REFER TO HOUSE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE. THIS BILL REQUIRES SECRETARY OF HHS TO DO THREE OR FOUR THINGS IN COORDINATION WITH OR IN CONSULTATION WITH OR THROUGH THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE DIRECTOR OF THE EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, THE DIRECTOR OF NCBI AND DIRECTOR OF NLM SO THOSE THINGS ARE PROVIDE AN UPDATE ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR FIRST DRUG PREVENTION, CONDUCTED PUBLIC AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION CAMPAIGN, ON PHARMACO TESTING AWARENESS AND PUBLISH AWARENESS AND UTILIZATION OF PHARMACO GENOMIC TESTING. WE HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ON THIS BILL EARLIER THIS YEAR. WITH THAT I WILL TURN IT BACK OVER TO PATTY. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH TO MY CO-PRESENTERS FOR MOVING SO QUICKLY. I'M GOING TO CLOSE DIRECTOR'S REPORT BY REMINDING YOU THAT ON SEPTEMBER 1, 2022, WE WILL BE HOSTING A LONG DELAYED KING LECTURE SYMPOSIUM EVENT IN MON NOR OF DONALD AB LINDEBURG OUR PREVIOUS DIREC DI. SAC (INAUDIBLE) FROM HARVARD UNIVERSITY WILL BE OUR LEAD SPEAKER, HIS QUESTION WILL BE -- HIS TALK WILL BE ANSWERING THE QUESTION WHO WILL BE THE PRIMARY PER SEER OF AUTHORITATIVE MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE TO THE U.S. PATIENT? THIS EVENT WILL HAPPEN VIRTUALLY AND IN PERSON HERE AT THE NLM. NEIL I WILL TURN BACK TO YOU, WE BELIEVE WE ALSO ARE BACK ON TIME AND WE HAVE TIME FOR SOME QUESTIONS BEFORE THE BOARD REPORT. >> THANK YOU, PATTY. RICHARD, VALERIE AND TERESA FOR THE INSPIRING WHIRLWIND OF UPDATES AND ACTIVITY. THERE IS ALWAYS A LOT GOING ON BUT YOU -- YOU -- IT SEEMS TO RAMP UP EACH TIME WE HEAR FROM. LOTS OF GREAT STUFF. OPEN TO THE BOARD FOR QUESTIONS FROM ANYBODY. I'VE GOT ONE VAGUE ONE ABOUT THE ARPA H INITIATIVE AND I'M GLAD TO HEAR THAT THAT IS SORT OF STILL SOMEWHERE IN THE WORKS AND MAYBE MORE ALIVE THAN IT WAS FOR A WHILE. PATTY, DO YOU WANT TO COMMENT MORE ON WHAT IMPLICATIONS OF THAT MIGHT BE TO NLM IN PARTICULAR IN TERMS OF RELATED PROGRAMS HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR EXAMPLE, HOW THAT WOULD FOLD INTO THE ARPA H STRUCTURE AND PROGRAMS? >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH NEIL, ARPAH IS A BIT OF MOVING TARGET WITH US, WE ARE WAITING THE APPOINTMENT OF A INTERIM DIRECTOR WHO WILL BE BRINGING THIS FORWARD. THE MOST IMPORTANT FIRST STEP WHEN THERESA MENTIONED BUDGET HAS BEEN APPROVED FOR $1 BILLION BUT WE HAVE TWO YEARS TO SPEND THOSE FUNDS. SO WE ARE NOT IN THE SAME RUSH. THAT WILL GIVE US TIME AS NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TO ADVISE THE ARPA H OFFICE ON AND COORDINATE WITH THEM. WE ARE MOST CONCERNED ABOUT THE ISSUES RELATED TO HEALTH DATA, HEALTH DATA SHARING AND ABILITY TO SUPPORT DATA. WE MET THE LAST COUPLE OF WITH DARPA AND NIH LEADERSHIP AND NOW THE INCOMING DIRECTOR OF DATA SERVICES FOR ARPA H TO DISCUSS THE POINTS OF INTERSECTION BETWEEN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE OUR PERSPECTIVE ON PRESERVATION ON CURATION AND DATA SHARING AND THE UNUSUAL UNIQUE NEEDS OF THE ARPA H ENVIRONMENT MANY WHICH ARE PRECOMPETITIVE OR RELATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY THAT WILL BECOME COMMERCIALIZED BECAUSE ARPA H WILL BE WITHIN THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, MANY OF THE POLICIES THAT DRIVE THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH WILL ALSO PROVIDE UMBRELLA FOR ARPA H SO BEEXPECT TO SEE POLICIES RELATED TO DATA SHARING INCLUDING APPROPRIATE PROTECTIONS WHEN THERE IS AN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY QUESTION AT HAND BEING CARRIED OUT THROUGH ARPA H. WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY THAT ARPA H WILL BE ABLE TO MOVE IN WAYS THAT NLM HAS NOT BEEN ABLE TO MOVE IN THE PAST INCLUDING ENORMOUS BUDGET TO BRING TO THE WORKPLACE TO THE MARKETPLACE, NEW TECHNOLOGIES. WE EXPECT WE WILL PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN SOME AREAS AND EXPECT SOME INVESTIGATORS WILL BE TAPPED FOR CARRYING OUT PROJECTS WITHIN ARPA H. WE REMAIN VERY EXCITED ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY THAT A NEW TYPE OF SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE WILL LEAD TO NEW KINDS OF PUBLICATIONS, SO I HAVE BEGUN TO TALK WITH MIKE HEURTA AND DIANE, HOW WE CONSIDER THE PUBLICATIONS THAT MIGHT LOOK SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT THAN TRADITIONAL ARCHIVE ARTICLE SO WE ARE CONSIDERING PRE-PRINTS, WAYS TOK A SELL RATE REPORTING OF INFORMATION AND MOST IMPORTANTLY WAYS TO LEVERAGE WHAT THE NLM DOES IN PROVIDING PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE SPENDING OF FUNDS IN RESEARCH BIOMEDICAL INNOVATION THROUGH OPERATIONS SUCH AS CLINICALTRIALS.GOV AND DB GAP. >> THANK YOU. JIM. >> THANKS FOR THAT REPORT. I WAS VERY GLAD TO SEE THAT THERE IS SOME NEW INSTITUTION FUNDED THROUGH THE T 15. BUT TWO WERE PREVIOUSLY FUND SOD THEY ALREADY HAD A LEG UP. AND FULL DISCLOSURE I'M FROM ONE OF THE INSTITUTIONS THAT HAS NOT HAD FUNDING AND HAS -- DID NOT SUCCESSFULLY COMPETE. WONDERING ABOUT IF THERE IS A THOUGHT FOR FINDING A WAY TO FUND NEW INSTITUTIONS TO HELP THEM START BECAUSE IT IS A CATCH 22 WITHOUT TRAINING GRANTS, HARD TO ESTABLISH TRAINING RECORD ESPECIALLY SINCE 40 GRADUATES ARE NOT COUNTED IN THE TABLES. SO WONDERING IF WILL IS THOUGHT ABOUT GETTING NEW INSTITUTIONS. FUNDED. I SAY THIS FIVE YEARS FROM NOW WHO KNOWS WHERE I WILL BE. UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM OR SOMEWHERE ELSE BUT SEEMS LIKE THERE'S THIS CATCH 22. >> RICHARD WOULD YOU GET -- BE ABLE TO COMMENT ON THAT PLEASE? >> I THINK WHAT JIM BRINGS UP IS A CATCH 22, WITH MANY OF THESE TRAINING PROGRAMS ACROSS NIH. AND I THINK THE WORD OF ADVISE IS ALWAYS THESE ARE RECOMPETED IN CYCLES IN THAT INSTITUTION WHO ARE WANTING TO APPLY SHOULD BE RAMPING UP THEIR INTERNAL TRAINING NOW DOCUMENTS AND DEMONSTRATING THEY HAVE THE COMMITMENT TO TRAINING AND SUCCESSFUL TRAINING OUTCOMES. IT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE IN THE AREA IN OUR CASE IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE BUT TRAINING IN OTHER AREAS THE KEY TO ANY NEW INSTITUTION IS DOCUMENTING IT SUCCESSFUL TRAINING. JUST BECAUSE AN INSTITUTION HASN'T HAD A TRAINING PROGRAM DOESN'T DISADVANTAGE THEM, IT COMES DOWN TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND ENSURING THE FACULTY ARE COMMITTED TO TRAINING, AND TRAINING OCCURS WITHOUT MONEY SO THERE IS WAYS TO OVERCOME THIS CHALLENGE BUT I DO AGREE I THINK OVER THE NEXT FIVE YEARS THAT NLM CAN ENVISION SOME OPPORTUNITIES TO HELP INSTITUTIONS WHO ARE INTERESTED IN APPLYING FOR THE T 15, IF T 15 IS RENEWED, BE AS COMPETITIVE AS AN EXISTING PROGRAM. >> RICHARD WOULD YOU SPEAK BRIEFLY ABOUT THE R 25 PROGRAM YOUR TEAM LAUNCHED? >> SURE. WE HAVE AN R 25 PROGRAM, IT IS A PROGRAM THAT IS GOING TO ADDRESS THE PIPELINE ISSUE OF GETTING STUDENTS FROM UNGARAGE -- UNDERGRADUATE OR MASTERS INTO A DOCTORAL PROGRAM IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS DATA SCIENCE THE FOA IS ON THE STREET NOW, THE APPLICATIONS ARE DUE AT THE END OF THE MONTH. OUR GOAL IS THAT THIS IS A PIPELINE PROGRAM THAT WILL HELP ADDRESS DIVERSITY WITHIN THIS FIELD BUT I ALSO THINK THAT THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY HERE FOR OTHER INSTITUTIONS WHO ARE INTERESTED IN T 15 PROGRAM, THE R 25 IS BRAND NEW PROGRAM. EVERYONE COMES IN ON THE SAME PLAYING FIELD. I DON'T THINK THE CATCH 22 WILL BE AT THE SAME ISSUE. SINCE THERE WILL BE NO LONG STANDING R 25 PROGRAM. BUT AGAIN IT IS A WAY FOR INSTITUTIONS WHO ARE COMMIT IN THIS AREA TO HELP US AND HELP THE FIELD ENSURE WE ARE BRINGING WELL QUALIFIED AND TRAINED STUDENTS INTO THE DOCTORAL PROGRAMS AND INTO THE FIELD. >> I WANT TO CALL YOUR ATTENTION TO A COUPLE OF NIH INITIATIVES THAT ARE ALSO FUNDING TRAINING ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THE BRIDGE TO AI PROGRAM, THE AIM AHEAD PROGRAM ARE TWO LARGE INITIATIVES FUNDED UNDER COMMON FUND THAT ARE BRINGING ABOUT TOGETHER ABOUT $100 MILLION INTO DEVELOPING THE SCIENTIFIC WORK FORCE FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. NIH NOTICING A SHIFT FROM WHAT WAS LARGELY INVESTIGATOR INITIATED IDEAS TO MORE TARGETED PROGRAM IDEAS AND THROUGH THESE TARGETED PROGRAM IDEAS ADDITIONAL FUNDS ARE AVAILABLE TO UNIVERSITIES AND BE HAPPY TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THOSE TWO PROGRAMS LATER. NEIL. >> SIO SUZANNE, QUESTION? >> GETTING BACK TO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT TO JIM'S COMMENT, BECAUSE OF COURSE WITH A T 32 MECHANISM LIKE THE OTHER INSTITUTES HAVE, YOU ARE NOT COMPETING AGAINST ALL EXISTING PROGRAMS BECAUSE T 32s COME UP EVERY SINGLE YEAR. I THINK ONE OF THE THINGS THAT IS CHALLENGING IS YOU COULD BE KIND OF A NEAR MISS WITH THE T 15 AND YET IT IS ANOTHER FIVE YEAR CYCLE WHICH MAY CAUSE YOU TO LOSE MOMENTUM SO CURIOUS IF THEY ARE GOOD, ANY RATIONALE FOR KEEPING EVERYONE ON THE SAME CYCLE OR WHETHER OR NOT IT WOULD CONSIDERING HAVING MORE OFTEN. >> LET ME TAKE THAT OFFLINE REPORT BACK TO REPORT BACK O YOU INDIVIDUALLY AND TO THE BOARD IN THE FALL. WE ARE EXAMINING A NUMBER OF ASPECTS OF OUR EXTRAMURAL PROGRAMS AND HOW OUR INVESTMENTS ARE BEING DONE, IT IS LONGER THAN WE CAN GO INTO RIGHT NOW. >> NEIL, I KNOW WE ARE CUTTING INTO TIME FOR DISCUSSION OF THE BOARD, UP TO YOU IF WE SHOULD TAKE ANOTHER QUESTION OR WAIT UNTIL LATER. >> WE HAVE TIME FOR ONE MORE QUESTION. CLAY, DO YOU WANT TO GO AHEAD? >> THIS IS A LITTLE BIT OF A ODD IDEA BUT THE NEED FOR TRAINEES IN AI AND HEALTH IS HUGE. A LOT ARE GETTING PULLED AWAY INTO INDUSTRY JOBS. THE SALARIES ARE QUITE HIGH, THERE IS A SHORTAGE OF PEOPLE WITH THIS EXPERTISE AND GREAT THINGS ARE HAPPENING, IT IS NOT SUCH A BAD THING THAT MANY OF THESE TRAINEES ARE GOING THAT WAY, BUT I WONDER WHETHER Y'ALL HAVE CONSIDERED PARTNERING WITH SRI TO GET THEM TO FUND SOME ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS. THAT OBVIOUSLY CAN'T ACCEPT MONEY FROM INDUSTRY DIRECTLY BUT THE FOUNDATION COULD. ARE THERE WAYS THAT YOU COULD LOOK, MEET WITH THOSE THAT ARE RECOGNIZING THAT THEIR WORK FORCE NEEDS IN THIS AREA AND COME UP WITH A CREATIVE AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACH TO INCREASE THE SLOTS BECAUSE CLEARLY THERE ARE MANY PLACES AS WE JUST HEARD THAT ARE READY TO TRAIN MORE. BUT DON'T HAVE RESOURCES TO DO THAT AND BECAUSE WE ARE NOT TRAINING ENOUGH WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH PEOPLE DOING THIS WORK AND IT IS DRIVING UP SALARIES. >> RICHARD WOULD YOU LIKE TO COMMENT OR TAKE THAT ONE? >> I WILL SAY CLAY WE HAVE HAD CONVERSATIONS WITH THE T 15 DIRECTORS ABOUT PARTNERSHIPS. IT IS ABOUT AN AVENUE TO EXPLORE BUT ALSO BUDGETARY ISSUE FOR NLM. WE WANT TO FUND AS MANY INSTITUTIONS AS POSSIBLE THIS -- A PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IS AN OPPORTUNITY, BUT IT IS ALSO SOMETHING THAT INSTITUTIONS CAN LOOK INDEPENDENT TO. PATTY BACK TO YOU. >> THE QUESTION HAS COME UP ACROSS THE NIH NOT JUST T 15 BUT T 32 ALSO BECAUSE WE SEE COLLEAGUES IN BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DRAWN TO INDUSTRY, CERTAINLY ANYONE WHO HAS TECHNICAL OR PHYSICS FOCUS IS MOVING QUIC QUICK. WHAT WE ARE FINDING IS MOST EFFECTIVE IS WHEN WE CAN ENCOURAGE HOST INSTITUTIONS TO USE THE T 15 TRAINING GRANT AS A ANCHOR FOR INSTITUTION BASE ENGAGEMENT. ONE AREA I HAVE NOT EXPLORED BEFORE IS THE YOURS TRULY OF ENGAGING THE FOUNDATION SUPPORT OF TRAINING SO I WILL TAKE THAT ONE FORWARD. THANK YOU VERY MUCH. NEIL LET ME TURN TO YOU NOW. >> THANKS, PATTY, AND TO KEY LEADERSHIP TEAM NLM FOR THAT INSPIRING DISCUSSION AND GREAT OVERVIEW. THANKS FOR YOUR WORK. WE NOW TRANSITION TO REPORT ON THE BOARD WORKING GROUP EVALUATION REPORT. IF I CAN HAVE SLIDE PUT UP BEFORE YOU THERE. BACKGROUND ON THIS, TO CATCH EVERYBODY UP WHERE WE ARE, FOLLOWING OUR MEPTEMBERNG IN 2021, PATTY ASKED THAT WE CONDUCT AN EVALUATION OF BOARD WORKING GROUPS THAT HAD AT THAT TIME BEEN IN PLACE OR BEEN WORKING FOR CLOSE TO THREE YEARS. I HAVE GOOD FORTUNE TO BE ABLE TO WORK WITH KIMBERLY THOMAS, EVALUATION SPECIALIST, IN THE OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES NLM. KIMBERLY WAS ABLE TO THROUGH DISCUSSIONS THAT WE HAD DESIGN AND CONDUCT SURVEY OF BOARD MEMBERS YOU MAY RECALL IS CONDUCTED LAST DECEMBER AND JANUARY. SHE WAS THEN ABLE TO SURVEY AND INTERVIEW KEY NLM STAFF THAT WERE PARTICULARLY INVOLVED WITH THE WORKING GROUPS. ANALYZE THE RESULTS AND YOU MAY RECALL THAT THESE RESULTS WERE PRESENTED -- FINDINGS WERE PRESENTED AT FEBRUARY 2022 MEETING. THE DAY AFTER THE MEETING THE BOARD MEMBERS HAD A PARTICULARLY LIVELY DISCUSSION ABOUT THE RESULTS IN FEELINGS AROUND HOW WORKING GROUPS HAVE WORKED. YOU CAN SEE THE OVERALL PROCESS AND SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES ARE OUTLINED IT IS PROBABLY IMPORTANT TO NOTE PARTICULARLY THAT ONE OF THE RATIONALES FOR SETTING UP THE WORKING GROUPS AND WORKING THROUGH THIS STRUCTURE WAS TO PROVIDE PERMIT MORE MEANINGFUL ENGAGEMENT WITH BOARD MEMBERS WITH ISSUES OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE TO NLM. AND I THINK THAT WE CAN SEE FROM THE SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES THAT SUCCESSES WERE WHERE THEY WERE FAIRLY SPECIFIC AND CONCRETE ISSUES TO CONSIDER AND ADVISE AND WHERE THERE WAS LESS CLARITY OBJECTIVES OR INTENT, THERE WAS MORE DIFFICULTY IN SORT OF FIGURING HOW THE WORKING GROUPS CONTRIBUTE TO THIS. BUT OVERALL WORKING GROUP STRUCTURE AND TIME SPENT ON IT WAS SEEN AS BEING A POSITIVE FOR MOST MEMBERS WHERE THERE WERE SOME RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE THE PURPOSE OF WORKING GROUPS TO CONSIDER OTHERS THAT MIGHT TAKE THE PLACE OF EXISTING SET WHERE THAT MIGHT BE INDICATED AS AS CLEAR AS POSSIBLE IN TERMS OF OBJECTIVES AND INTENT. POSSIBLY ALSO ENLIST GROUP PARTICIPANTS IN FIGURING OUT WHERE THEY SHOULD BE BEST ASSIGNED TO THE WORKING GROUPS BASED ON THEIR INTERESTS AND EXPERTISE HOW TO BALANCE THAT WITH THE NEEDS OF THE INSTITUTION ITSELF. AND I THINK THAT PRETTY MUCH COVERS WHERE WE ARE WITH THIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS MADE. ANY COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS ADDITIONS FROM BOARD MEMBERS OR STAFF? I SEE ONE COMMENT FROM NANCY. >> THANKS FOR SUMMARIZING THIS FOR EVERYONE. IT OCCURRED TO ME THIS MORNING AS WE WERE LISTENING TO THE REPORTS THAT ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I DON'T THINK WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT THOUGH THIS MAY BE SOMETHING THAT WAS TALKED ABOUT AT THE OUTSET OF THE WORKING GROUPS IS NOTION OF WHEN IT MAKES SENSE TO CONSIDER STARTING THE DIFFERENT WORK GROUP OR NEW WORK GROUP AND I WAS THINKING ABOUT THAT IN TERMS OF THE CHALLENGES AND FOCUS ON DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY, THAT FEELS LIKE SOMETHING THAT MIGHT BE A REALLY SWEET SPOT, SURE THERE ARE OTHERS AS WELL. I WONDER IF ANYONE CAN TALK ABOUT FOR THE WORK GROUPS IS THERE A PROCESS OR IS I'M GUESSING A LITTLE AD HOC FOR DECIDING IF AND WHEN TIME TO CONSIDER NEWER DIFFERENT WORK GROUP. >> THAT IS AN INTERESTING QUESTION, I DON'T THINK IT IS ONE WE ADDRESSED THROUGH THIS EVALUATION PROCESS AS HOW WORKING GROUPS COME AND GO NONE HAVE GONE, WE MAYBE AT A POINT NOW WHERE PATTY AND STAFF MAY WANT TO CONSIDER GOING FORWARD WHAT THE PROPER LINEUP MIGHT BE THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION. PATTY, ANYBODY ELSE WANT TO RESPOND TO THAT? >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, NANCY, AND NEIL. THIS IS VERY INTERESTING IDEA AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I WANT TO BE CAREFUL OF IS THAT WE MAKE SURE WE MAKE GOOD USE OF THE BOARD'S TIME. I WOULD ENVISION THAT THIS IS A PERFECT TIME TO BE THINKING ABOUT THE PROPER STRUCTURE FOR THIS NEXT FISCAL CALENDAR YEAR BECAUSE WE HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO REVIEW SOME OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE BOARD AND I READ TWO THINGS IN THE REPORT THAT I THINK ARE VERY IMPORTANT. ONE IS WE MAY WANT TO RECONSIDER WHAT THE THEMEATIC FOCUS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS IS, AND THE SECOND IS THAT WE MAY WANT TO THINK ABOUT MOVING THE STRATEGIC PLANNING EFFORT INTO A HIATUS FOR A WHILE WHILE WE ADDRESS SOME OTHER ISSUES SO APPRECIATE THE TIMING. I ASK THE BOARD TO LET ME KNOW IF PLANNING FOR BASICALLY AT LEAST A ONE YEAR ENGAGEMENT IS A REASONABLE PLANNING PREMISE, IT SEEMS TO -- WE NEED SOME TIME TO GET BOARD MEMBERS ENGAGED AND HAVE A DIALOGUE OF WHAT WE CAN POSSIBLY ESTABLISH SO I WAS THINKING THAT WE PROBABLY SHOULD INITIATE NEW IF WE INITIATE NEW ACTIVITY IT SHOULD LAST A YEAR. DOES THAT MAKE SENSE AND SOUND REASONABLE >> THAT DOES MAKE SENSE. I THINK THAT ONE THING THAT IS NOT BROUGHT OUT IN THE EVALUATION SUMMARY BUT THERE WERE QUITE A FEW DISCUSSIONS ABOUT WAS HOW TO ORIENT ESPECIALLY ON COMING -- INCOMING BOARD MEMBERS TO THE WORKING GROUP STRUCTURE AND WHAT THE EXPECTATIONS ARE, WHAT THEIR ROLE IS SUPPOSED TO BE. SO MORE EMPHASIS ON THAT AND A ONE YEAR COMMITMENT CERTAINLY WOULD MAKE SENSE IN TERMS OF SOME CONTINUITY AND ORIENTATION TO THE OVERALL FRAMEWORK TOO. >> WE TRIED COUPLE OF WAYS TO ORIENT BOARD MEMBERS. EACH HAS BENEFITED FROM OR SUFFERED FROM OUR STEPS IN THIS AREA. IN THE LAST YEAR I SENT INDIVIDUAL LETTERS TO PEOPLE DESCRIBING THE BOARD AND THE WORKING GROUPS, I PREFER FRANKLY TO HAVE CONVERSATIONS WITH PEOPLE FOR THAT ORIENTATION BUT RECOGNIZE HOW BUSY PEOPLE'S SCHEDULES ARE, SO I THINK WE MAY ALSO CONSIDER AT THE FALL BOARD MEETING, MAKING A GENERAL ORIENTATION STATEMENT ABOUT OUR PLANS FOR THE YEAR. >> MAKES SENSE. PART OF THE COMMENTS THAT I REMEMBER HEARING ABOUT THIS, HAD TO DO WITH COMING ON DURING THIS TIME OF VIRTUAL MEETINGS. AND HOW CHALLENGING THAT HAS BEEN FOR PEOPLE WHO DON'T KNOW WHO WE ARE, WHAT THIS IS ABOUT AND TRYING TO FIGURE OUT THROUGH ZOOM SCREEN. KRISTI. >> MY -- THAT IS EXACTLY WHAT I COMMENT IS ABOUT. WHEN MANY OF US HAVE JOINED THE BOARD DURING COVID AND I THINK THOSE OPPORTUNITIES TO GET TO KNOW ONE ANOTHER TO BUILD TRUST, HAVE NOT BEEN POSSIBLE LIKE THEY TYPICALLY ARE WHEN HAVING THESE KINDS OF MEETINGS. I WONDER IN CONTEXT OF THIS SUMMARY EVALUATION OF THE WORKING GROUPS, IF IT ISN'T PERHAPS WORTH ASKING SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS COUPLE OF YEARS DOWN THE ROAD TO CONTINUE TO MONITOR HOW THE STRUCTURES ARE WORKING, HOW PEOPLE ARE FEELING, BECAUSE WORK LOOKS SO DIFFERENT NOW. JUST HAVING THAT FRONT OF MIND WORKING WITH IT AND ADJUSTING AS NEEDED WOULD BE GREAT. I DEFINITELY FELT AS THOUGH I GOT A GOOD ORIENTATION TO JOIN THE BOARDS, I THINK IT IS JUST GETTING TO KNOW COLLEAGUES AND FINDING THOSE POINTS OF CONNECTION AND OPPORTUNITIES TO WORK TOGETHER AND HAVE MEANINGFUL DISCUSSIONS THAT HAVEN'T BEEN AS POSSIBLE SO LOOKING FORWARD TO SEPTEMBER. THANK YOU. >> THANKS, KRISTI. I AGREE, REMINDS ME ALSO I WANT TO THANK PATTY FOR INITIATING WORKING GROUPS AND BRINGING THAT TO THE BOARD TO PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR A DEEPER MORE MEANINGFUL ENGAGEMENT. FOR US TO WORK WITH STAFF AT NLM. ALSO TO BRING OUT THE PROCESS EVALUATION AT THIS POINT, IT IS A PARTICULARLY GOOD TIME TO HAVE DONE THAT. I THINK IT DOES MAKE SENSE TO PERIODICALLY IN THE NEXT COUPLE OF YEARS REVISIT SOME OF THOSE SAME ISSUES AND SEE WHERE WE ARE AT. THANKS FOR THAT COMMENT. ANYTHING ELSE FROM BOARD REGARDING THIS? IF NOT WE HAVE GAIN AD FEW MINUTES ON OUR SCHEDULE. ONE THING I WANT TO MENTION AT THIS POINT IS THAT AT 11:30 WE WILL BE SWITCHING TO SPEAKING OF WHICH, OUR WORKING GROUP BREAK OUTS. >>WE CAN PROCEED WITH THE WORKING GROUP REPORT OUTS IN THE ORDER OF STRATEGIC PLANNING, FRONTIERS AND PUBLIC SERVICES AND COLLECTIONS BUT WE CAN GO I THINK IN ANOTHER ORDER IF WE'RE READY TO DO THAT. I SEE PEOPLE POPPING BACK IN NOW. WE'RE IN GOOD SHAPE. >> WE HAD SOME CORRESPONDENCE IN FRENCH TODAY BUT THANKFULLY OWE -- OLIVIER IS HERE. >> HE SAYS YOURS IS GOOD SO THAT MEETS EXPECTATIONS. >> I'LL TAKE THAT ANY DAY. >> NOW WE'RE DISTRACT BEING EVERYONE. I MISS ALL OF YOU. I CAN'T WAIT TO BE IN THE SAME ROOM AGAIN. >> DOUGH WITH HAVE SOMEBODY FROM THE STRATEGIC PLAN GROUP TO REPORT OUT? >> THAT'S ME. JOE. I AM LOOK AT FIVE PAGES OF STUFF AND I CAN READ IT BUT I DON'T KNOW HOW TO SUMMARIZE IT. >> THAT'S ALWAYS THE CHALLENGE WITH REPORT OUTS. >> MAYBE, JIM, JUST USE THE SLIDE. >> WHY DON'T I DO THAT. I'LL DO THIS AND THAT. SO WE HAD A PRESENTATION ON DIVERSITY, EQUITY AND INCLUSION AND ACCESSIBILITY AS A KEY STRATEGIC DIRECTION. AND A KEY ELEMENT ENSURING EQUITABLE AND JUST HEALTH OUTCOMES AND CONTINUE TO ESTABLISH TRUST WITHIN STAKEHOLDERS. AND ON THIS EXISTING ADVANCING DEF >> DEIA AND I LOST MY PAGE THAT HAD THE ACRONYMS ON IT. >> UNITE ADDRESSES THE CRITICAL ASPECTS OF ADVANCING RACIAL EQUITY AND REDUCING STRUCTURAL RACISM AT NIH. THE STRATEGIES TO UNDERSTAND I'M NOT GOING TO GET THEM EXACTLY RIGHT OTHER. I IS FOR THE INTRAMURAL PROGRAM AND THE E FOR THE EXTRAMURAL PROGRAM AND THE T IS TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, THANK YOU, MIRIAM AND THE N IS WAITING FOR NEXT MESSAGE FROM MIRIAM TO HELP. YOU CAN COME OFF MUTE ADVANCING NEW RESEARCH ON HEALTH DISPARITIES. THANK YOU, VERY MUCH. THIS IS DESIGNED TO FOCUS ON OUR WORKFORCE AS WELL AS FOCUS ON THE NATURE OF SCIENCE WE DO NOT JUST THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH DISPARITIES AND HEALTH EQUITIES BUT HOW OUR SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM OVERALL CAN BE BETTER ADDRESSING THE DIFFERENCES ACROSS THE POPULATIONS WE WORK WITH. THANKS. >> THANK YOU. >> ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS AND PUBLIC EDUCATION TO ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND INTERROGATING OUR OWN PRODUCTS TO PROMOTE EQUITY AND DIVERSIFYING THE WORKFORCE AND TELLING MORE NUANCED STORIES OF SCIENCE AND CONTINUING TO ELEVATE AND ADVANCE THE DEIA AS KEY NLM STRATEGIC DIRECTION. WE DISCUSSED VARIOUS POINTS AND DISCUSSED PRIORITIZATION AND SOME THINGS THAT PATTI'S INTERESTING IN UNDERSTANDING HOW WE PRIORITIZE AS WE MENTION IMPROVING OUR INCREASING DIVERSITY OF THE NLM WORKFORCE AND INCREASING THE DIVERSITY OF WORKFORCE AND LOOKING AT THE ETHICS OF A.I. AND ITS SUBTLE ABILITY TO INCLUDE DISPARITIES IN DECISION MAKING. LET ME TAKE A QUICK LOOK AT THE NOTES. THEY SAID THERE'S FOUR PAGES OF NOTES HERE. I'M SORRY. IT'S IMPOSSIBLE FOR KNOW EXTRACT. >> THIS IS THE TIME WHEN YOU TURN TO YOUR COLLEAGUES AND SAY, PATTI, WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER FROM THE CONVERSATION. >> LET ME ASK JOE -- >> THAT'S EVEN BETTER. HAS JOE RETURNED YET? >> I ASKED FOR COLLEAGUES TO ASK TO PRIORITIZE TOOLS TO BASICALLY IMPROVE THE SUBSTRATE WE GENERATE RESEARCH FROM, TARGETING OUR INTERNAL NLM WORKFORCE OR BROADENING THE DIVERSITY OF OUR EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY AND OF COURSE BEING APPROPRIATE ADVISORIES THEY SAID DO ALL THREE. THEY TALKED ABOUT WHAT STEPS NEED TO HAPPEN IN EACH ONE. ETHICAL A.I. JOE RAISED THE ISSUE ETHICS SAY CHALLENGE IN ITSELF AND UNDERSTANDING WHAT ETHICAL A.I. MEANS IN THE CONTEXT OF A SYSTEM THAT MAY IN ITSELF MAY NOT BE OPERATING AT THE HIGHEST ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IS A CHALLENGE AND UNDERSTAND WHAT TO DO WITH THE INFORMATION AND ETHICS SAY SYSTEM OF REASONING NOT NECESSARILY AN ADJUDICATION AND THE SECOND WITH OUR INTERNAL WORKFORCE WE SPOKE SIMPLY LOOKING AT REPRESENTATIVENESS AND OUR COUNTS OF INDIVIDUALS THAT IDENTIFY WITH VARIOUS RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS MAY NOT HAPPEN FAST ENOUGH TO BRING THE DIVERSITY WORKFORCE IN PARITY WITH SOCIETY AND YOU CAN'T SEE WHAT YOU CAN'T BE SO HAVING LEADERSHIP AND HAVING DEVELOPMENT ACROSS THE CAREER TRAJECTORY OF INDIVIDUALS WHO LOOK LIKE OTHERS IS ONE SURE WAY OF DIVERSIFYING OUR WORKFORCE AND WE SPOKE ABOUT THE EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY AND RIM RAISED THE ISSUE HOW DO WE TAP INTO THE K-12 TO GET THEIR INTEREST AND WE'LL REFER MORE TO DIANE AND THE NETWORK TO GET A BETTER UNDERSTANDING WHAT KIND OF PARTICIPATION AND MATERIALS WE THAT COULD BE USED BY OUR STAKE HOLDERS, BY OUR TRAINING GRANT DIRECTORS OR BY OUR FUNDED RESEARCHERS TO BE ABLE TO GO OUT INTO HIGH SCHOOLS AND GRAMMAR SCHOOLS AND TALK ABOUT MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE AND LIBRARY SCIENCE AS A RESEARCH CAREER AS A SATISFYING PROGRAM. SO WE LEFT THE MEETING WITH MORE WORK TO DO THAN INTO IT AND IT WAS A FRUITFUL DISCUSSION, THANK YOU VERY MUCH. >> THANKS, PATTI. IS JOE BACK ON? >> ANY OTHER QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS? NO COMMENT FROM JOE ON THAT AND WE CAN CIRCLE BACK TO ANY OF THIS AFTER OTHER REPORTS. RESEARCH FRONTIERS. WHO IS REPORTING OUT FROM THAT? >> I THINK I CAN DO THAT. WE HAD AN INTERESTING MEETING A TEST OF POTENTIAL USE OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS GROUP AND THAT WAS WE HAD FOUR PRESENTATIONS FROM INTRAMURAL PVESTIGATORS. VERY SNTATION OBVIOUSLY TO GET FOUR IN AND GET Q&A IN. BUT REALLY FOUR GREAT PRESENTATIONS. AND SO JUST TO SUMMARIZE THAT QUICKLY FOR YOU ALL BECAUSE I THINK THEN WE'LL GET TO WHY DO THAT AND IS IT HELPFUL TO THE BOARD MEMBERS AND TO NLM WE HAD A DISCUSSION ABOUT THAT AT THE END. SO DR. JANG PRESENTED ON HER WORK IN THE MICROBIOME WHICH WAS REALLY INTERESTED AND INCREDIBLY COMPLEX STUFF ALL KINDS OF BACTERIA DOING DIFFERENT THINGS EXISTING IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. WHETHER THE CONDITIONS ARE CAUSAL OR NOT IS ANOTHER ISSUE. TRYING TO MAKE SENSE OF THAT AND WHAT FOR EXAMPLE SOME BACTERIA PRODUCE HISTAMINE AND IS IT IMPORTANT TO PRODUCING DISEASES. FOR EXAMPLE, IN ASTHMATICS THERE ARE MORE HISTAMINE PRODUCING BACTERIA BUT IS THAT -- HOW RELEVANT IS THAT AND HOW CAN ONE QUICKLY REVIEW DATA THE WHOLE MESS OF DATA TO MAKE INCLUSIONS ABOUT HISTAMINE VERSUS BILIRUBIN VERSUS OTHER CHANGES THAT ARE MADE. THE SECOND PRESENTATION WAS DR. OTARANKO AND HE'S INTERESTING IN THE 98% OF THE GENOME THAN NON-CODING AND 95% OF THE DISEASE CAUSING MUTATIONS EXIST. AND HOW DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE WHOLE REGULATORY PART OF THE GENOME. THE VAST MAJORITY OF THE GENOME AND CAN YOU PREDICT WHAT KINDS OF CHANGES MUTATIONS IN THAT SPACE MAY LEAD TO IMPORTANT CHANGES IN DISEASE IN GENE REGULATION THAT THEN LEADS TO DISEASE. SO WE'VE BEEN TRYING TO INFORMATION WHAT KINDS OF CHANGES IN NON-CODING PRODUCE IMPORTANT DISEASE VARIANTS. SO FASCINATING WORK TO SERVE AS AN IMPORTANT TOOL AND SCREENING AND THE NEXT PRESENTATION WAS DR. PORTER AND SHE'S ALSO DOING REALLY INTERESTING WORK ON THE FACT THAT WE KNOW THERE ARE 230 MILLION PROTEIN SEQUENCES OUT THERE BUT ONLY 60,000 PROTEINS HAVE THE STRUCTURE NAMED. HUGE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEQUENCING AND ACTUALLY KNOWING HOW TO STRUCTURE AND SHE'S PARTICULARLY INTERESTED IN HOW DO WE PREDICT THOSE STRUCTURES AND IN PARTICULAR FOR PROTEINS THAT FLIP WE FOLD WHICH IS REALLY IMPORTANT BECAUSE IN SUM THERE'S A CONFIGURATION THAT'S NON-DISEASE CAUSING AND IN ANOTHER THAT IS DISEASE CAUSING. UNDERSTANDING WHICH OF THOSE PROTEINS HAVE THAT PROPENSITY AND WHAT THE TWO STRUCTURES MAY BE. AGAIN, DEVELOPING METHODS TO TRY TO PREDICT WHEN THEY'RE TWO STRUCTURES AND TRY TO BEAT THE OTHER EXISTING COOLS. REALLY COOL WORK. THE FINAL PRESENTATION WAS DR. LU WHO IS DOING ALSO SOME COOL WORK ON RARE DISEASES. SO YES, THEY'RE RARE AND ONE IN 100,000 OR 10,000 OR WHATEVER TOGETHER THERE'S ABOUT 350 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE WORLD SUFFERING FROM A RARE DISEASE SO COLLECTIVELY NOT RARE AND IT'S A MESS IN TERMS OF PHENOTYPING. IT'S A MESS IN TERMS OF GENOTYPING AND MIXING THOSE TOGETHER. SO THEY BASICALLY USE A.I. NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING TO TRY TO CLE THAT UP SO FOR PHENOTYPING, COME UP WITH COMMON NOMENCLATURE FOR PHENOTYPES AND THEN PULL THOSE OUT OF THE PUBLISHED LITERATURE TO SYSTEMATIZE THOSE CHARACTERISTICS COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OR ALL THOSE PIECES AND CREATE THE PHENOTYPE FROM REPRODUCE IT FROM NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND ON THE GENE VARIANT SIDE PEOPLE ARE NOT USING THE STANDARD TERMINOLOGY FOR IDENTIFYING GENE VARIANTS. USING PNAI TO SAY OKAY, THIS GENE VARIANT IS THE SAME AS THAT ONE AND THEY WILL DESCRIBE IT IN DIFFERENT WAYS AND BE MAPPING THAT IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT TOOL SO THEY CREATED A TOOL TO DO THAT CALLED LITVAR AGAIN FROM THE LITERATURE TO TRY TO MAKE SENSE OF THAT AND NOW THEY'RE TRYING TO MAP THOSE THINGS TOGETHER. ARE THERE COMMON GENE VARIANTS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SYMPTOMS THAT HAVEN'T REALLY BEEN LINKED AND THAT IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU'RE JUST GETTING IN THAT AREA. DIFFERENT KIND OF WORK THAN THE OTHER WORK BUT REALLY COOL. OVERALL THE COMMITTEE WAS IMPRESSED AND DID A GREAT JOB OF MAKING THIS ACCESSIBLE AND NONE OF US HAVE THE EXPERTISE IN ANY OF THESE AREAS TO US AND PERSONALLY I WAS LEFT WITH BEING ENERGIZED BY THE WORK BEING DONE INTRAMURALLY AND IMPRESSED IN ITS ALIGNMENT TOWARDS PUSHING DOING THINGS FOR OTHER INVESTIGATORS AND NOT JUST FOCUS BUT CREATE SOMETHING HELPING TO BUILD A PLATFORM FROM WHICH OTHERS CAN WORK AND TAKE ADVANTAGE THAT YOUR INTRAMURALLY CONNECTED TO NIH AND OTHER PROGRAMS TO WORK ON PLATFORM ISSUES. ALL FOUR OF THESE DID THAT AND I WAS IMPRESSED WITH THE FASCINATING WORK THAT'S GETTING DONE. THE RELEVANCE OF IT. SO THIS IS FOUR RANDOM PROGRAMS SELECTED FROM A LARGER NUMBER OF INTRAMURAL INVESTIGATORS. IS IT REALISTIC TO INVESTIGATE ALL OF THEM AND WHAT UTILITY DOES THAT PRODUCE FOR NLM. WE HAD SOUND CONVERSATION ABOUT THAT. I WOULD SAY THAT I DO THINK IT'S VALUABLE AND I THINK IT COULD HAVE INFORMED SOME OF THE PRIOR CONVERSATIONS THIS COMMITTEE HAS HAD ABOUT THINGS LIKE WHAT SHOULD THE INTRAMURAL PROGRAM FOCUS ON? WELL, IT WOULD HAVE MADE MORE SENSE RATHER THAN TO READ SNIPPETS AND TWO SENTENCES ABOUT THIS INVESTIGATOR IS DOING THIS KIND OF WORK TO HAVE A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT'S ACTUALLY ON INTRAMURALLY AND WOULD HAVE ACTUALLY BEEN HELPFUL IN THE CONVERSATIONS TO MAKE OUR INPUT MORE USEFUL WHETHER THAT'S WORTH LARGE INVESTMENT OF TIME REQUIRED TO GET A GOOD REAL UNDERSTANDING OF IT I THINK IS ANOTHER QUESTION. SO WHERE WE LEFT IT WAS THE COMMITTEE WILL THINK ABOUT AND THE NLM FOLKS WILL THINK OF WHAT IS THE UTILITY OF THIS AND HOW CAN WE INTEGRATE SOME ASPECT OF IT INTO WHAT WE DO. IS THERE BROADER UTILITY IN HAVING A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING FROM SOME SUBGROUP OF THE REGENTS. THAT'S MY QUICK SUMMARY. I DON'T THE IF OTHERS ON THE COMMITTEE WANT TO SAY ANYTHING? NANCY HAD GREAT COMMENTS WE HAD AS WELL. >> I THINK YOU CAPTURED IT, CLAY. THANK YOU FOR SUMMARIZING SO WELL BOTH THE CONTENT WHICH WAS REALLY GREAT AS WELL AS SOME OF THE DISCUSSION SUBSEQUENTLY. THANK YOU. >> THERE'S BEEN A GREAT DISCUSSION. MOVING ON TO PUBLIC SERVICES. >> THIS IS THE PUBLIC SERVICE WORKING GROUP. GOOD MORNING, EVERYBODY AND GOOD AFTERNOON FOR THOSE ON THE EAST COAST. THIS IS ESSENTIALLY THE TEAM THAT IS STILL STICKING IN THERE WITH THIS MODERNIZATION. AND THERE'S A WHOLE MODERNIZATION EFFORT AND MANY HAVE SEEING LITTLE BITS AND PIECES OF WHAT WE'VE DONE. OUR FIRST YEAR WE FOCUSSED A LOT OF ON ENGAGEMENT THEN IN DEVELOPMENT AND NOW WE'RE INTO THE IMPLEMENTATION PHASE. SO WE'RE FINALLY THERE AND THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF MOVING PIECES AND I'M TO TRY TO TELL YOU JUST A FEW LITTLE HIGHLIGHTS OF OUR DISCUSSION TODAY AS WELL AS A PREVIOUS MEETING. SO WE MET AS A TEAM ON APRIL 29 WE HAD GREAT LIGHTNING PRESENTATIONS WHICH WERE FANTASTIC AND WE HAD AN INCREDIBLE EXERCISE AND THIS COMMITTEE IS WAY TOO MUCH FUN AND NAVIGATING ABOUT THE USABILITY OF THE SITE AND FOLKS WHO COME TO OUR SITE THINK BECAUSE THE RECORD IS ON OUR SITE WE'RE ENDORSING IT AND THAT'S NOT THE CASE. WE'RE A LIBRARY AND WE HAVE TO REMIND FOLKS WE HAVE THE HOLDINGS BUT DON'T ENDORSE THE RECORD IN THERE. THAT'S BEEN A CRITICAL PIECE. WE'VE HAD A SERIES OF BETA RELEASES ALREADY. WE'RE WORKING ON TRYING TO SEE HOW THIS LOOKS NOT JUST ON A DESK TOP BUT ON A MOBILE DEVICE AS WELL AS LAPTOPS THAT PEOPLE MAY BE USING. WORKING ON THE ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING PARTS OF THE WEBSITE IN ADDITION TO CONTENT. REALLY THIS IS MORE OF THE DIGITAL ARCHITECTURE. THIS IS A SUMMARY OF DATA RELEASES AND THE PUBLIC SITE VIEW WHICH YOU'LL ALSO GET THE OPPORTUNITY TO SEE. THE NAVIGATION AND USABILITY. ONE INTERESTING THING IS THAT WE'RE REALLY CHALLENGED BECAUSE WE'RE AT AN INTERSECTION OF BOTH USER NEEDS, PATIENT NEEDS AND RESEARCHER NEEDS. WE HAVE ABOUT I THINK OVER 60,000 USERS THIS IS NOT A SMALL SITE THAT IS NOT USED ALL THE TIME. THIS IS CRITICAL FOR THOSE USING THE SITE. THERE'S A NAVIGATION OF THE TECHNICAL CONTENT AND PLAIN LANGUAGE. HOW DO WE PROVIDE INFORMATION THAT IS PROPED IN -- APPROPRIATE FOR THE LITERACY OF THE AUDIENCES AND DISPLAY AND ADD IN TO THE MIX OUR LEGAL ASPECTS AS WELL THAT NEED TO BE ACCOUNTED FOR AS WE LOOKS AT THE THINGS AND CHANGES WE'RE DOING TO THE WEBSITE. WE WE HOLD THE RECORDS. WE DO NOT ENDORSE NECESSARILY THE RECORDS. THIS HAS LED AND SOMETHING OUR COMMITTEE HAS BEEN DISCUSSING NOW FOR A FEW YEARS AND SO WE'VE DONE A FEW TESTING AND NOW WE'RE AT A POINT WHERE WE'RE DEVELOPING THE DISCLAIMER LANGUAGE AND MADE TREMENDOUS PROGRESS IN MATERIALS OF DOING THAT. REALLY IMPORTANT IS A LISTING OF A STUDY AGAIN DOES NOT MEAN IT HAS BEEN EVALUATED BY THE U.S. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SO THAT'S WHY WE ARE VERY CAREFUL ABOUT WHAT THIS LANGUAGE MAY LOOK LIKE. SO WE'VE GONE THROUGH FIVE DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF THIS NOW AND OUR COMMITTEE GOT TO CHOOED TODAY AS WELL AS ON APRIL 29 WHAT WERE SOME OF OUR FAVORITES. I'M NOT GOING TO WALK YOU THROUGH SOME OF THE THINGS WE'VE SELECTED. SO THESE ARE SOME OF THE COMMENTS WHEN PEOPLE LOOK AT OUR DISCLAIMER THAT IT WAS OFF-PUTTING, DISTRACTING, WANT TO GET IT OUT OF THE WAY. THIS HAS BEEN THE FEEDBACK WE'VE BEEN RECEIVING SOME PEOPLE COULDN'T EVEN FIND IT. THERE'S BEEN A DEVELOPMENT IN THIS WHOLE PROCESS. SO THE WORKING GROUP MEMBERS WERE PRESENTED WITH FIVE OPTIONS AND THE OPTION THAT WAS PREFERRED WAS THIS POP-UP OPTION. IT IS AN OPTION WHERE A PERSON THAT IS ON THE SITE HAS TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE MESSAGE AND THEN THE MESSAGE DISAPPEARS. SO WE'RE LISTENING TO WHAT THE USERS ARE SAYING AS WELL TO MAKE SURE THE DISCLAIMER REALLY IS PRESENTED IN A MODE CONVENIENT FOR THE USERS. A LOT OF WORK WENT INTO THIS AND THESE ARE OTHER OPTIONS AND DESIGN IDEAS WE HAD AND EVEN TODAY WE'RE VOTING ON THIS AND EVERYONE AGREED WITH OPTION THREE WHICH IS THE ONE THAT REALLY PRESENTED AS A POP UP WITH A ONE-TIME DISCLAIMER YOU THEN CHECK OFF AND HAVE TO ACTUALLY SORT OF ACKNOWLEDGE YOU HAVE READ THIS AND NRSZ UNDERSTAND IT AND THESE HAD BENEFITS AND PROS AND CONS AND THE OTHER VERSION KEEPS RISING TO THE TOP AS THE MOST POPULAR. THIS COOL TESTING ACTIVITY THE TEAM DID WITH US IS THE POP UP AND THE SMALLER DISCLAIMER BELOW THE SEARCH AREA A LARGER AREA WHERE OTHER POTENTIAL OPTIONS WE COULD REALLY USE BUT WE WENT WITH A POP-UP VERSION THAT SEEMS TO BE MOST PREFERRED BY EVERYONE. IS THE OTHER IS THE PLAIN LANGUAGE ISSUE IN THE SITE. WE TRIED TO FOCUS ON THE IN TINDED AUDIENCES AND THE PURPOSE OF WHAT IS BEING COMMUNITIES TO EACH ONE OF THOSE AND WE HAVE JARGON THAT USES THE ACTIVE VOICE. PAIRING NUMBERS WITH WORDS TO GIVE CONTEXT AND AID AND INTERPRETATION AND LOOKING AT STRUCTURE CONTENT TO CLEARLY CONVEY WHAT THE READER NEEDS TO LEARN ABOUT THAT PARTICULAR RECORD OR WHERE THEY'RE AT AT THE WEBSITE. THEN TESTING AND MAKING SURE IT'S VERY VIEWED BY THE THIRD PARTY FOR EXAMPLE A MEMBER OF THE INTENDED AUDIENCE. THESE HAVE BEEN IMPORTANT TO ENSURE WE HAVE PLAIN LANGUAGE ALL CAN UNDERSTAND AND SOME TAKES ULT BEYOND WHAT THE RECORDS SAY THEMSELVES AND THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF DISCUSSION ABOUT WHO ENTERS THE RECORD FOR EXAMPLE AND SOMETIMES THAT INDIVIDUAL MAY BE MORE OF A CLERICAL PERSON THAT DOESN'T UNDERSTAND ALL THE SCIENTIFIC PARTS OF IT AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CHANGE THAT RECORD INTO A PLAIN LANGUAGE. WE DON'T DO ANY OF THE ACTUAL RECORD OR CHANGING ANYTHING BUT AS MUCH AS WE CAN WE CAN PROVIDE IN PLAIN LANGUAGE IS ONE OF THE INTENT HERE. THAT'S BEEN A LITTLE BIT OF OUR SUMMARY AND I'D LIKE TO INVITE ANY OF OUR COLLEAGUES THAT WOULD LIKE IT ADD ANYTHING ELSE OR ANNA FINE WHO HAS BEEN HELPING US LEAD THIS EFFORT WITHIN NLM. >> GREAT TO SEE THIS COMING TOWARDS THE END OF THE RENOVATION. ONE QUESTION I HAD IN TALKING WITH OTHERS THAT USE SITES LIKE THIS TO UNDERSTAND WHAT CLINICAL TRIALS EXIST IS WHICH ONES ARE OPEN FOR ENROLLMENT. IS THAT PLANNED TO BE A COMPONENT OF THIS AND I THINK ONE OF THE CHALLENGES I SEE IN THE CANCER SPACE IS THAT CAN CHANGE RAPIDLY AND CAN GO BACK AND FORTH AND NOT JUST TO A SINGLE POINT IN TIME. I'M WONDERING IF THAT'S THOUGHTS THAT PIECE OR IF THAT'S TOO MUCH OF A BEAST TO TACKLE. >> THE RESPONSIBLE PARTIES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR KEEPING THEIR RECORDS UP TO DATE AND CERTAIN TIME LINES THEY HAVE COMMITMENTS TO AND WHEN THERE'S CHANGING TO THEIR TRIAL AND OBLIGATIONS THERE. I CAN SEARCH TRIALS OPEN FOR ENROLLMENT AND MAY NOT BE AND IDEALLY THEY'RE UP TO DATE AS WE HOPE THEY ARE BUT I'M SURE NOT ALL ARE FOLLOWING EVERY THING THEY SHOULD BE DOING. THERE'S WAY TO SEARCH THAT AND VERY PRESENT THAT IN THE BETA MAKING SURE WHO YOU CONTACT AND MAKING SOME OF THAT INFORMATION MORE PREVALENT SO THAT WAY WHEN PEOPLE ARE SEARCH FORG TRIALS THEY KNOW HOW TO CONTACT FOR THAT TRIAL. >> ANY OTHER QUESTIONS FOR LOURDES AND THE CLINICAL TRIALS TEAM? ANY COMMENTS? >> NEAL, THIS IS PATTI. I HAVE A QUESTION FOR MY OWN PEOPLE. ANNA CAN YOU TALK ABOUT HOW WE'RE INTERACTING ABOUT THIS BECAUSE THIS IS THE KIND OF THING I KNOW GOES INTO OUR ANNUAL REPORT BUT HAVE WE BEEN KEEPING OSP UPDATED ON THE ACTIVITIES OR OER OR DO YOU HAVE FUTURE PLANS FOR THAT? ABSOLUTELY, PATTI. WE DO HAVE THE HEAD OF OSP OUR WORKING GROUP MEMBER AND SHE WAS ACTUALLY PRESENT AT THE LAST MEETING. YOU MAY KNOW HER AND I WE DO MEET REGULARLY WITH POLICY. WE DID GIVE THEM AN UPDATE ON THE RESULTS WE RECEIVE FROM THE BOARD OF REGENTS LAST WEEK AND LETTING THEM KNOW IT'S STILL PRELIMINARY BECAUSE WE'RE DOING ADDITIONAL USER TESTING AND WE HAVE OTHER MEETINGS ACROSS GOVERNMENT AND FDA AND KEEPING THEM ABREAST AND I DID PRESENT RECENTLY WITH OUR COLLEAGUES AT FDA TO OTHER ORGANIZATIONS ABOUT OUR EFFORTS. THEY'RE SOMETIMES GETTING TIRED OF SEEING OUR FLAGS. >> I WANTED TO BRINGS THIS ATTENTION TO THE BOARD OF REGENTS. ONE OF THE CRITICAL PIECES THE WORKING GROUPS DO FOR US IS COMMUNITY ABOUT THE PUBLIC INPUT OF OUR SERVICES COLLECT CLINICALTRIALS.gov IS PAID BY NIH FUNDING AND OUR MODERNIZATION. EACH TIME WE GET GUIDANCE IT PROVIDES ANOTHER BRICK TO PUT IN THE PATHWAY OF EXPLANATION AND OPENNESS WE'RE TRYING TO DEMONSTRATE AT THE NIH. THANK YOU. >> BACK TO YOU, NEAL. >> THANK YOU, LOURDES. GREAT REPORT AND WORK. WE'RE UP NEXT WITH COLLECTIONS AND HEIDI OR KRISTI TO PRESENT THAT. IF YOU'RE READY. >> I AM, THANK YOU. I TURNED MY CAMERA OFF BECAUSE I JUST RECEIVED A CONNECTION WARNING SO OF COURSE BUT THANK YOU FOR BEARING WITH ME. OUR COLLECTIONS WORKING GROUP DISCUSSION WAS ENTHUSIASTIC AND INTERESTING AND COVERED THREE TOPICS. WE COVERED THE COMPARATIVE GENOMICS WORKING GROUP. WE ALSO TALKED ABOUT A DISCLAIMER MESSAGE AND THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE YOUTUBE CONTENT AND CONTINUED OUR DISCUSSION OF DATA SETS AS COLLECTIONS WHICH IS ALWAYS AN INTERESTING OPPORTUNITY TO THINK ABOUT WHAT DOES A COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF THAT COLLECTION LOOK LIKE IN TODAY'S AGE. SO JUST TO DO A QUICK UPDATE ON THE COMPARATIVE GENE IOMICS WORG GROUP AND THE 2021 AND AND REMEMBER HOW THEY CARRY OUT THE MISSION OF ENGAGEMENT AND OUTREACH AND THERE'S DISCUSSION ABOUT THE WORK THAT'S HAPPENING AT NCBI AND THE CONTEXT OF PRODUCING MATERIALS AND ALSO HOW THE MESSAGING CAN BE SUPPORTED TO BE ABLE TO DO DIRECT ENGAGEMENT WITH SPECIFIC COMMUNITIES THERE WAS AN UPDATE FROM THE CGR STEERING COMMITTEE AT NIH AND FINALLY WE HAD AN INTERACTIVE AND DIVERSE CONVERSATION ABOUT DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF WHAT A SUCCESSFUL CGR END STATE WILL LOOK LIKE. THE DISCUSSION WAS REALLY WIDE RANGING AND WAS ALSO REALLY POSITIVE AND I THINK EMPOWERING FOR ALL OF US AS WE'RE THINKING ABOUT HOW WE CARRY OUT OUR MISSION IN SUPPORT OF THE COMPARATIVE GENOMICS WORKING GROUP. JUST TO SPEND A COUPLE MOMENTS TALKING ABOUT THOSE INTERVIEWS OF THE WORKING GROUP MEMBERS. THERE WERE A NUMBER OF IMPORTANT TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ONE-ON-ONE DISCUSSIONS. I THINK MOST POSITIVIVEELY AND EXCITED TO SEE IS MEMBERS ARE WILLING AND READY AND ENTHUSIASTIC TO BE MESSENGERS WITHIN THEIR COMMUNITIES. THEY FEEL THERE'S AN OPPORTUNITY TO ORIENT THE WORKING GROUP MEMBERS ON WHAT THAT PLATFORM IS. WHAT IS THIS REALLY TERRIFIC INITIATIVES IN THE CGR AND WHAT ARE THE GOALS AND WHAT'S IT TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH AND HOW DO WE COMMUNICATE THAT WORKING WITH OUR DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES AND THE IDEA OF STAKEHOLDERS AND STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AS A PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT COMPONENT AND IDENTIFYING THE SPECIFIC STAKEHOLDER GROUPS AND HOW WE ENGAGE WITH THEM WAS A CRITICAL PART OF THE CONVERSATION. AS FAR AS THE TALKING POINTS DEVELOPED AS WE THINK ABOUT THE OUTREACH STRATEGY AND THE OPPORTUNITY FOR GATHERING FEEDBACK IS HOW WE'RE EFFICIENT IN THE MESSAGE. HOW DO WE EMPHASIZE THE WHAT MAKES CGR AN IMPORTANT AND EXCITING INITIATIVE AND THE SPECIFIC COMPARATIVE AND ANALYTIC ACTIVITIES CGR WILL ENABLE AND HOW DO WE INCORPORATE THAT IN OUR MESSAGING AND STRENGTHEN MESSAGES TO GROUPS AND THIRCHING OF THE DEVELOPERS OF TOOLS AND EDUCATION COMMUNITY AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE AND WHAT WILL HELP COMMUNICATE THAT OUT. FINALLY THE WORKING GROUP MEETING CONCLUDED WITH AN INTERACTIVE CONVERSATION AND EXERCISE WHERE WE ASKED THE WORKING GROUP MEMBERS TO CONSIDER DIFFERENT PERSONAS AND THOSE ARE DIFFERENT ROLES IN THIS ENVIRONMENT AND HOW THEY CARRY OUT OR HOW THEY'RE MOTIVATED TO CONSIDER THE CGR RESOURCE IN TERMS OF INCORPORATING IT INTO THEIR WORK OR SUPPORTING IT IN THE CONTEXT OF LIBRARIES AND THOSE TYPES OF DISCUSSIONS TO REALLY UNDERSTAND WHAT IS BROAD ENVIRONMENT LOOK LIKE AND HOW DO WE NEED IT IN A MEANINGFUL WAY AND WE HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO TALK ABOUT WHAT SUCCESS LOOKS LIKE AND IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF KEY METRICS AND OUTCOMES THAT WILL HELP US AS WE ARE MONITORING OUR OWN PROGRESS TOWARDS OUR AND IT'S ALWAYS NICE TO HAVE THOSE WAYS OF CONSIDERING ARE WE ON THE RIGHT TRACK AND ARE WE MAKING A DIFFERENCE. WE DO HAVE A NUMBER OF UPCOMING ACTIV ACTIVITIES THAT ARE COMING IN THE WEEKS AND MONTHS AND FIRST I'D LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT WE HAVE THE WONDERFUL OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE A BLOG POST IN DR. BRENNAN'S BLOG AT THE END OF MAY TO HIGHLIGHT THE WORK OF THE WORKING GROUP. WE ALSO ASKED OUR WORKING GROUP TO THINK ABOUT SUCCESS METRICS AND TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON THAT AND THEN REALLY GETTING EVERYONE EXCITED ABOUT THAT OUTREACH AND ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES AND THOSE ARE QUITE WIDE RANGING. WE ALSO DISCUSSED DURING THE COLLECTIONS WORKING GROUP THIS YOUTUBE DISCLAIMER. SO THIS WAS A REALLY INTERESTED CONVERSATION. SO THERE ALREADY IS A DISCLAIMER IMAGES IN THE DIGITAL COLLECTIONS IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE DIVISION THAT HELPS TO HIGHLIGHT POTENTIAL SENSITIVITIES THAT VIEWERS MAY FIND IN TERMS OF CHALLENGING DISTURBING OR OFFENSIVE CONTENT AND ADVISING VIEWER DISCRETION AND VIEWS EXPRESSED IN FILMS AND VIDEOS HELD IN NLM HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS DON'T NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE VIEWS OF NLM, NIH OR THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. IT GOES ON TO SAY THE NLM MOVING COLLECTION SPANS MORE THAN 100 YEAR OF EVOLVING MEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PRACTICE AND OUR BEST NEED FOR HISTORICAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES. THIS CONVERSATION WAS PARTICULARLY I THOUGHT VERY INTERESTING AND ENCOURAGED US TO CHALLENGE OURSELVES IN HOW WE THINK ABOUT HOW CONTENT IS PRESENTED IN THE COLLECTION. WE HAD AN INTERESTING CONVERSATION ABOUT CLAIMERS IN GENERAL, HOW TO CONVEY TO PEOPLE WHY IS THIS HERE AND WHAT IS OUR ROLE AS A LIBRARY AND ALSO THE OBLIGATION OR THE ROLES OF THE LIBRARY IN PRODUCING CONTENT WARNINGS AND ASPECTS SUCH AS CONTEXT OF ALL OF THOSE MATERIALS. WE TALKED ABOUT DATA SETS AS COLLECTS. WE THINK ABOUT THE COLLECTION OF THE LIBRARY AND THERE'S VIRTUAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS BUT WE ARE AWARE OF THE ROLE DATA IS PLAYING IN OUR COLLECTION AND IT BEGS US TO CONSIDER CAREFULLY WHAT STEWARDSHIP COLLECTION PRACTICES LOOK LIKE IN THE AGE OF NEW OBJECTS IN THE COLLECTION AND SO OVER THE LAST SEVERAL MEETINGS WE'VE HAD A REALLY I THINK WONDERFUL CONVERSATION ABOUT NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE PRODUCTS IN THE CONTEXT OF A COLLECTION AND WE'VE BEEN ASKED TO ANSWER THE SPECIFIC QUESTION OF DO THE COLLECTION DEVELOP. GUIDELINES MEET TOMORROW'S NEEDS WITH REGARD TO NLM DATA SETS AND DATABASES AND WE TOUCHED ON THAT THIS TIME AROUND AS WELL. WE HAVE A LITTLE BIT OF A SUMMARY JUST AS A REMINDER OF THE THINGS WE'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT IN THE CONTEXT OF THIS MEETING, OUR WORKING GROUP MEETINGS IN TERMS OF RETENTION POLICIES AND PRESERVATION AND WE ALSO DISCUSSED THE ROLE THAT PLATFORMS THAT SUPPORT THESE RESOURCES AND WORK FLOWS PLAY IN THE CONTEXT OF COLLECTION PRACTICES. WE HEARD A LITTLE BIT ABOUT DIFFERENT GOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES THAT MAY IMPACT WORK IN THIS AREA INCLUDING EVIDENCE ACT AND OTHER THINGS THAT CAN INFLUENCE SOME OF THE COLLECTION PRACTICES SUCH AS USAGE LEVELS, COST SIGNIFICANCE AS WELL AS EVOLVING POLICIES THAT SOME OF OUR PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS ONE OF THE INTERESTING CONTEXTS OF THIS AS WE THINK OF PRESERVATION AND RETENTION AND OTHER COLLECTION POLICIES IS HOW THE CONTENT IS PRESENTED TO USERS OF THE CONTENT. SO THERE ARE POLICIES AND PLACE FORK FOR STEWARDING THIS AND HOW IS THIS COMMUNITY COMMUNICATED AND WE LOOKED AT DIFFERENT RESOURCES THAT WERE INTERESTING I THINK AND SHOWED THERE'S THECATED AND AT DIFFERENT RESOURCES THAT WERE INTERESTING I THINK AND SHOWED THERE'S THE ITEM IN THE COLLECTION AND WORK AROUND IT AND WE KNOW ABOUT DISCOVERABILITY BUT EVEN THE IDEA OF COMMUNICATING POLICIES AROUND THOSE OBJECTS I THOUGHT WAS FASCINATING AND INTERESTING CONVERSATION SO WHEN WE GO DOWN TO THE REAL QUESTION SO AS WE WERE ENCOURAGED BY DIANE TO ASK OURSELVES, DO THE COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES MEET TOMORROW'S NEEDS WITH REGARDS TO NLM DATA SETS AND DATABASES? I THINK WE ANSWERED, PAUL SAID IT'S LIKELY NOT SUFFICIENT AND IT'S TRUE. IT'S LIKELY NOT SUFFICIENT BECAUSE WE DO NEED TO THINK ABOUT THINGS IN A DIFFERENT CONTEXT. THERE'S DYNAMIC MATERIALS AND WHAT NEEDS TO BE IN PLACE FOR A LOT OF THIS AND THESE DYNAMIC OBJECTS AS THEY CHANGE OVER TIME AND THE POINT WAS MADE A LOT OF THE POLICY MADE FROM THE STATUTES THOUGH THEY'RE BEING UPDATED THEY'RE LIKELY STILL INSUFFICIENT AND THAT ENCOURAGES US TO TAKE A DEEPER LOOK AT THIS AND WE DISCUSSED THE CONTEXT OF DATA SETS AND ACTIVITY AND LOOKED AT THIS AND BEGAN THE DISCUSSION AROUND ETHICAL CONTEXT. FOR INSTANCE, SOME OF THE INDIGENOUS DATA GOVERNANCE WORK THAT'S BEEN DONE WHICH IS ALWAYS A NICE PARTNER TO CONSIDER IN THE CONTEXT WHEN WE'RE THINKING ABOUT FAIR PRACTICES AS WELL. I HAVE PROBABLY TAKEN TOO LONG BUT IT WAS A GREAT CONVERSATION AND THANKFUL FOR THE WORKING GROUP. IT WAS A GREAT WAY TO SPEND AN HOUR AND I'M SURE I MISSED IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF THE CONVERSATION SO I ENCOURAGE AND INVITE OTHER WORKING GROUP MEMBERS TO ADD ANYTHING I MIGHT HAVE MISSED. >> THANK YOU, KRISTI. I THINK YOU COVERED IT WELL. WERE THERE COMMENTS FROM OTHER MEMBERS OF THE GROUP? BEING A CHARTER MEMBER OF THE COLLECTIONS GROUP I HAVE TO SAY I THINK THESE FACTORS THAT ARE THE NOTION OF A COLLECTION ITEM. LISA LANG DURING OUR GROUP DID A NICE OVERVIEW OF WHAT WE ARE USED TO THINKING OF AS MORE STATIC ITEMS AND NOW WE'RE LOOKING AT DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA SETS THAT ARE DYNAMIC AND SHIFTING AND CHANGING. COMING UP WITH POLICIES TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE NOT ONLY ACCESSIBILITY ACCESS, METADATA MANAGEMENT AND LONGER TERM RETENTION AND OTHER ISSUE PARTICULARLY NAUGHTY ISSUE TO TRY TO GRAPPLE WITH AND AS CH CHRIS -- CHRISTINA MENTIONED SOCIETY NEEDS OUR INPUT AND IT'S A RICH AREA. SOMETIMES IT KANSAS -- CAN BE A TROUBLE IDEA BUT DIFFICULT TO GRAPPLE WITH. THANK YOU FOR SUMMARIZING THAT. WE ARE AHEAD OF SCHEDULE AND WE HAVE TIME TO CONTEMPLATE THESE OR GO BACK OTHER GROUPS OR ANY TOPICS BEFORE WE MOVE ON TO OUR NEXT AGENDA ITEM. WE FIND OURSELVES WITH 10 MINUTES TO SPARE. >> HEIDI HAS HER HAND RAISED. >> BACK TO THE INTRAMURAL PROGRAM AND I DIDN'T HEAR COMMENT ABOUT FUTURE RECRUITMENT OF FACULTY TO THE PROGRAM BUT IN THINKING ABOUT ANY FUTURE RECRUITMENT AND PEOPLE MAY LEAVE OVER TIME OR RETIRE OR WHATEVER, WOULD THE FOCUS BE ON FINDING INDIVI INDIVIDUALS IN THE BROAD AREA VERSUS IDENTIFYING TARGET AREAS THE NLM WANTS TO HAVE FOCUSSED RESEARCH ON HIGH PRIORITY AREAS VERSUS JUST FIND THE RIGHT PERSON AND LET THEM DO THEIR OWN THING. DOES THAT MAKE SENSE? THE QUESTION? >> IT MAKES SENSE. I WONDER IF VALERIE WOULD LIKE TO COMMENT ON THAT FIRST. >> I'D SAY BOTH. >> WE'D LOVE TO HAVE CREATIVE PEOPLE. OF COURSE WE WANT THEM BUT WE ALSO KNOW THAT WE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF THINKING ABOUT THE BIGGER PICTURE OF OUR RESEARCH AND THE WAY THE OTHER COMMITTEES ARE TALKING ABOUT WE HAVEN'T HAD A COMMITTEE DOING IT YET BUT THERE ISN'T ANY QUESTION IT WAS COVERED IN THE BLUE RIBBON PANEL REPORT AND OTHER INTERNAL REPORTS WE WANT TO TAKE A LOOK AT THE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS WE WANT THAT MEET OUR MISSION GOES AND ALSO WHAT WE HAVE. WE'RE HOPING THE BUDGET WILL ALLOW NEW INVESTIGATORS AND WHEN I SAY NEW, I MEAN NEW TO US. THEY MAY BE TENURED INVESTIGATORS BUT I THINK THAT AS WE HAVE TURNED INTO AN INTEGR INTEGRATED IRP PARTICULAR THERE ARE PLACES I CAN LOOK AND SAY THERE'S NOTHING IN THE SPACE IT SEEMS LIKE THERE WOULD BE BUT WE HAVEN'T PUT TOGETHER THE DISCUSSION YET TO GET THERE. >> ANOTHER THING TO THINK ABOUT IS SYNERGY WITH OTHER PROGRAMS WITHIN THE MRM. THE MENTION OF LIT BAR AND THERE'S BEEN SYNERGY AND INTEGRATING LITVAR INTO THAT AND THINKING ABOUT THE AREAS OF RESOURCE BUILDING AND SERVICES THE NLM PROVIDES TO THE COMMUNITY AND HOW TO THINK ABOUT INTRAMURAL RESEARCH THAT IS SYNERGISTIC AND CAN HELP BOLSTER INFORM AND CONTRIBUTE TO THOSE AREAS OF WORK >> IF YOU LOOK AT THE LAST FOUR HIRES FOR P.I.s, I THINK THE FIRST TWO LAUREN PORTER AND OTHERS IN THE GROUP CAME FROM A BROAD PART YEARS AGO AND WE SAW PEOPLE WITH MANY DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS AND GOT THE TWO BEST. WE HAVE DR. ANTANI FROM CLINICAL DATA AND WE'VE SUCCESS WITH BOTH MODELS BUT THAT'S THE ENSURE QUESTION WITHIN THE PROGRAM IDENTIFYING WHETHER THERE MAY BE GAP OF GREAT OPPORTUNITIES THAT MATCH WITHIN NLM'S PORTFOLIO. >> IT'S MY EXPECTATION ONCE WE HAVE A NEW SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR ON BOARD WE'LL OPEN UP NEW INVESTIGATOR SLOTS. I'D LIKE TO SEE US GET TO AN INVESTIGATOR COMPLEMENT 20 IN THE NEXT FEW YEARS SOME OF WHICH MAY LEAD TO MORE HIRES SO INVESTIGATORS LEAVING WE CAN FILL IN THE COMPLIMENT. IT'S A VERY COMPLICATED DISCUSSION EVERY INSTITUTE AND CENTER HAS A MISSION AND THE RESEARCH SHOULD SUPPORT THE MISSION. OUR SHOULD ADDRESS THE HEALTH DATA AND THE DISSEMINATION AND THAT'S PRETTY BROAD. THE IDEA OF FIND BRIGHT PEOPLE AND DO BRIGHT THINGS THAT WAS A RECRUITING STRATEGY FOR QUITE A WHILE. WE'RE SEEING A LOT MORE INTEREST IN TRYING TO BUILD SYNERGY AND ENGAGEMENT WITHIN IRPs PARTICULARLY AS IT MAY LEAD TO THE NEED FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING RESOURCES OR MAYBE DEVELOP MEET THE ATTENTION OF MORE THAN ONE TEAM. IT WOULD BE MY EXPECTATION WE HAVE A SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR APPOINTED THAT PERSON WOULD LAUNCH A LONG-RANGE PLANNING PROGRAM WITH THE COLLABORATION OF OUR EXISTING INVESTIGATORS TO LOOK TOWARDS THE FUTURE SO EVERYONE CAN SEE THEIR FUTURE AND OUR FUTURE CAN BE INFORMED BY WHAT OUR PAST AND WHAT OPPORTUNITIES ARE IN FRONT OF US. THANK YOU. >> ANY OTHER QUESTION OR COMMENTS OR ANY OTHER WORKING GROUP TOPICS OR DISCUSSIONS? >> I HAVE A QUESTION FOR DR. BAKKEN IF THEY'RE STILL HERE. I DON'T SEE THEM ON THE SCREEN. ONE QUESTION PRESENTED TO US THIS MORNING WAS A COMMENT RELATED TO OUR FIVE-YEAR CYCLE RENEWAL OF OUR TRAINING GROUND. WE HAVE RAN A STRUCTURED PROGRAM WHERE AWAY AWARD FUNDS EVERY FIVE YEARS AND HAVE COMPETITION ACROSS THE COUNTRY AT THE SAME TIME AND BOTH SUE AND JIM MENTIONED OTHER MODELS AND WONDER IF YOU HAVE IDEAS WE SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT OR ANYONE ON THE CALL. >> CAN I ADD A TINY PIECE OF HISTORY? SORRY, I CAN'T HELP IT. ORIGINALLY THE NLM'S TRAINING GRANT PROGRAM WAS DEFINED JUST FOR US. AND WE WEREN'T ALLOWED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE MORE TRADITIONAL T32s AND THINGS EVOLVED AND THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT CYCLE. ON THE OTHER HAND A LOT OF CHANGES HAPPENED IN THOSE PROGRAMS BUT IT'S STILL A FACTOR OF BUDGET. THAT'S JUST HISTORY STUFF. IT DOESN'T MEAN IT CAN'T BE DONE. WE HAVE FREEDOM TO DO MORE THAN JUST THAT KIND OF GRANT. >> WHEN I JOINED THE NLM WAS LESS AND WE HAVE ONGOING COMMITMENTS TO CONTRACTS AND FUNDING THAT CARRIES FORWARD IN THE YEARS AND WE'RE GROWING. WE FOUND MONEY IN INTERESTING PLACES TO SUPPORT INITIATIVE. I'M CONFIDENT IF I HAVE THE IDEAS, I CAN GET THE MONEY. I DON'T HEAR FROM SUZANNE. I ASSUME SHE'S NOT WITH US AT THE MOMENT. ANY OTHER COMMENTS? >> A QUICK COMMENT. I DO THINK IT WOULD BE INTERESTING TO THINK ABOUT MAYBE SOME OF THESE OTHER MECHANISMS AND HOW THEY CAN SUPPORT GROWTH IN THESE PRIORITY AREAS. I WONDER IF THERE'S APPETITE OR OPPORTUNITY FOR DEDICATED TO SUPPORT MAYBE TWO ENDS OF THE SPECTRUM AND THERE'S THE IDEA OF ENGAGING HIGH SCHOOL AND MAYBE COMMUNITY COLLEGE THINKING OF RESEARCH YEAR AND INFORMATICS RETRAINING AND SKILLS BUILDING FOR PEOPLE EXPANDING THEIR RESEARCH ACTIVITIES SO I KNOW WE'VE SEEN THAT A LOT AS OUR CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS ARE LEVERAGING THE CLINIC DATA WAREHOUSE FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES. IT'S SOMETHING A LOT OF ENTHUSIASM FOR BUT THE INFRASTRUCTURE CAN SOMETIMES BE CHALLENGING TO HAVE IN PLACE AND MANAGING ON DAILY WORK RESPONSIBILITIES. >> THIS, KRISTI. I'LL FOLLOW-UP WITH RICHARD AND THE REST OF OUR EXTRAMURAL PROGRAM. THANK YOU. >> THANKS FOR YOUR COMMENTS. LOLA, DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION? >> YES, I DO. SO MY QUESTION HAS MORE TO DO WITH MAYBE POTENTIAL TYING OF MECHANISMS. I'M AT AN INSTITUTION THAT DOESN'T HAVE DOCTORAL PROGRAMS BUT INTERESTED IN MASTER'S PROGRAMS AND INFORMATICS AND WONDER IF THERE'S A WAY TO HAVE ALIGNMENT ACROSS INSTITUTIONS WHERE ONE INSTITUTION CAN PROVIDE TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES FOR A PIPELINE TO ANOTHER INSTITUTION THAT HAS DOCTORAL PROGRAMS. SOMETHING ALONG THOSE LINES. I WONDER WHETHER YOU'VE THOUGHT ABOUT THAT. >> WE THOUGHT OF THAT BUT THE OPPORTUNITY TO DO MATCH MAKING IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF OUR FUTURE AND WANT TO REMIND OF OF THE R25 PROGRAMS BRINGING PEOPLE OF MASTER'S AND BACHELOR'S INTO THE PROGRAM TO GET STARTED IN THE PROGRAM. >> NOW WE'RE A LITTLE BIT BEHIND. I THINK WE CAN MOVE ON TO OUR NEXT ITEM WHICH IS AN UPDATE FROM KATY FUNK ON THE PREPRINT PILOT UPDATE AND NEXT DISCUSSION AND NEXT STEPS DISCUSSION. KATY, WITH YOUR GENERIC HOTEL ROOM ART BEHIND YOU, DO YOU WANT TO TAKE IT AWAY. >> I WILL? DOES THE LOOK LIKE MY SLIDES ARE SHOWING UP? >> THERE. >> GREAT. I DID SPRING FOR THE $14 INITIATE INTERNET AT THE HOTEL SO THE STREAM SHOULD BE GOOD. NONE OF THAT FREE STUFF FOR YOU GUYS. I'LL BE TALKING ABOUT THE NIH PREPRINT PILOT TODAY AND A WANT TO THANK THE COLLECTIONS WORKING GROUP FOR THEIR EFFORT IT'S BEEN ONGOING AND WE APPRECIATE THE FEEDBACK. SOME WILL BE RETREADING SO WE'RE ALL WORKING FROM THE SAME CONTEXT AND THE ROLE NLM IN ENABLING ACCESS TO NIH FUNDED RESEARCH AS THAT TIES INTO THE SCOPE OF OUR PILOT AND THE OVERCOME OF THE PREPRINT PILOT AND THE USER ENGAGEMENT I FIND INTERESTING AND MOVE TO THE BROADER CONTEXT AND GET YOUR THOUGHTS AND THE STANDARD DEFINITION SLIDE EVERYONE TALKS ABOUT IT WILL FILL YOU WITH EITHER DREAD OR EXCITEMENT. AND HOPEFULLY YOU'LL BE MORE COMFORTABLE AND THERE'S A DOCUMENT THAT HASN'T BEEN PEER-REVIEWED AND IT'S PUBLIC AND NOT JUST HANGING ON YOUR SERVER AND HASN'T YET BEEN PEER REVIEWED AND THERE WAS WERE PREPRINT PILOTS THAT WENT OUT AND A NOTICE FROM 2017 THE GUIDE NOTICE ENCOURAGES INVESTIGATORS TO HOST PREPRINT PILOT TO SPEED DISSEMINATION AND ESTABLISH PRIORITY AND OBTAIN FEEDBACK AND OFFSET PUBLICATION BIAS. IT ENCOURAGED INVESTIGATORS TO SELECT A CREATIVE COMMENTS WITH ATTRIBUTION OR CCY LICENSE VIEWED AS THE MOST OPEN AND LIBERAL OF THE CREATIVE COMMENT LICENSES OR DEDICATE THE WORK TO THE PUBLIC DOMAIN A CC0 LICENSE. AND FOLLOWING STANDARD BEST PRACTICES THEY REPORT COMPETING INTERESTS. AROUND SELECTING REPOSITORIES FOR PRE PRINTS AND THAT'S SOMETHING WE RELIED ON HEAVILY IN DRAFTING OUR OWN ELIGIBILITY FOR THE PREPRINT PILOT AND MAKING SURE THE CONTENT IS FINDABLE, ACCESSIBLE, INTEROPERABLE AND USABLE AND FORMATS EASY TO USE BY MACHINES AND PEOPLE AND HAVE POLICIES ON PLAGIARISM AND OTHER STANDARDS THAT ARE RIGOROUS AND TRANSPARENT AND THE RECORDS OF CHANGES TO THE PRODUCT. NEW VERSIONS OF PREPRINTS AND LINK TO THE PUBLIC VERSION ARE MAINTAINED ACTIVELY. AND PREPRINTS AND THEY SEE PREPRINTS ACCELERATE BEING CLINICAL RESEARCH AND SHORTENING THE EVIDENCE TO PRACTICE CYCLE. I ALSO WANTED TO MENTION OUR EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN WORKING WITH THE PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE SUPPORT NIH. PMC HAS BEEN THE REPOSITORY FOR THE PUBLIC ACCESS POLICY AND RIGHT NOW WE'RE LOOKING AT A RATE OF ABOUT 100,000 TO 110,000 PRODUCTS AWARDS ANNUALLY AND OVER HALF ARE EMBARGOED FOR THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE 12 MONTHS ONCE DEPOSITED. 50,000 TO 55,000 PAPERS AVAILABLE 12 MONTHS AFTER JOURNAL PUBLICATION. THE ARTICLES UNDER THE POLICY MAKE UP LESS THAN 20% OF THE FULL ARCHIVE BUT THEY ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN 20% OF THE ARTICLE VIEWS WE GET ANNUALLY. THERE'S DEFINITELY OUT THERE IT SEEMS. AND FURTHER STARTING IN JANUARY, FEBRUARY WE WERE SEEING INCREASED DEMAND FOR PREPRINTS DISCOVERABILITY FROM RESEARCHERS IN THE WIDER COMMUNITY IN THE WAKE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY. SO IN JUNE OF 2020 WE LAUNCHED THE PREPRINT PILOT TO MAKE THEM DISCOVERABLE IN THE PMC AND PUB MED DATABASES AND TO SERVE THE COMMUNITY NEED IN PHASE 1. THAT'S FOCUSSED ON CURATING PREPRINT RECORDS FOR NIH FUNDING COVID-19 RESEARCH. AND I WAS INTENDED TO BETTER UNDERSTAND OUR ROLE IN ENGAGING WITH PREPRINTS. AT A HIGH LEVEL WE WANTED TO LEARN DO WE HAVE THE TECHNICAL OPERATIONAL RESOURCES WHAT IS THE ROLE OF PREPRINT IN NLM IN EXPANDING THE DISCOVERABILITY OF NIH RESEARCH RESULTS AND HOW DOES COLLECTING AND INDEXING THESE PREPRINTS IMPACT PUBLIC TRUST IN OUR RESOURCES. FROM THE OUTSET WE WORKED WITH THE OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES TO AIM TO HELP US IN PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT AND THE APPROACH WAS FOCUSSED ON IDENTIFYING THE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS THAT WERE NEED NEEDED AND THAT'S WHAT I WANTED TO COVER TODAY. AND IT REQUIRED FINDING THE SCOPE OF THE PUBLIC. WE WEREN'T SETTING OUT TO SUPPORT ALL PREPRINT SERVERS. WE WANTED CLEAR ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA. WE KNEW PRIOR TO COVID A LOT OF RESEARCH ON META-ARCHIVING AND RESEARCH NEW ON THE SCENE AND SINCE IT'S INTEGRATED INTO SPRINGER NATURE TOOLS IT GREW AND DIFFERENT DISCIPLINE AREAS WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE WE WERE COVERING. THERE ARE TWO ASPECTS OF THE WORK FLOWS IN PLACE ESSENTIAL TO UNDERSTANDING SOME OF THE OUTCOMES. FIRST I WANT TO MAKE CLEAR THAT WHILE THE RECORDS FOR PREPRINTS THAT WERE CREATED IN PMC AND PUB MED ALL THE ONES WE IDENTIFIED HAVE BEEN MADE AVAILABLE IN BOTH THOSE DATABASES BUT ONLY THOSE THAT ARE MADE AVAILABLE UNDER A CREATIVE COMMENTS LICENSE GET CONVERTED TO THAT FULL TEXT XML WE TRADITIONALLY SOCIETY WITH PMC. ANYTHING UNDER A RESTRICTED ACCESS OR TRADITIONAL CORPORATE STATEMENT ONLY HAVE AN ABSTRACT IN PMC AND HAVE A SERVER WE POINT TO IN PUB MED AND PMC. PRE PRINTS UNSURPRISINGLY HIGHLIGHT THE TRANSITION IN SCHOLARLY RECORD OF VERSIONS AND WE WANTED TO ENSURE THE OCCURRENCE CONTENT WE WERE MAKING AVAILABLE AND SET UP AUTOMATED MONITORING FOR PREPRINT VERSIONS AS WELL AS PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL ARTICLES OF PREPRINTS. PREPRINT WITHDRAWING NOTICES AND RUN THE CHECKS A COUPLE TIMES A WEAK TO MAKE SURE WHAT WE'RE SERVING IS THE MOST CURRENT VERSION OF A PAPER. WE DEVELOP PREPRINT BANNERS THE ONE IN GREEN FOR EACH RECORD AND THE PREPRINT CITATION INDICATOR IN THE CITATION ITSELF AS WELL AS THE SITE TOOL AND YOU'LL SEE INDICATORS OF BEING UPDATED IN OR PUBLISHED IN AND WE SEE THOSE LINK ARE PRESENT TO MORE RECENT VERSION WHENEVER WE CAN. WE SEE THIS AS VITAL TO ENSURING THERE'S AN UNDERSTANDING OF PREPRINT AS A RESEARCH OBJECT AS WELL AS WELL AS VITAL TRUST IN OUR COLLECTING PRACTICES. SO WHERE ARE WE NOW? TO DATE WE FILLED A COLLECTION OF MORE THAN 3,000 NIH SUPPORTED PREPRINTS THAT REPORT ON COVID-19 RESEARCH AND PMC AND PUB MED AND THE MAJORITY OF THE PRE PRINTS YOU CAN SEE BY THE GREEN AND BLUE SECTIONS ON THE BAR GRAPH HAVE BEEN POSTED TO META ARCHIVE. THE PIE CHART YOU SEE ON THE RIGHT I THINK WOULD BE ON YOUR RIGHT TOO I'M NOT SURE IF ZOOM DOES THE FLIP-FLOP THING BUT THE ONE YOU SEE SHOULD GIVE A SENSE FOR THE NARROW SCOPE WE'VE BEEN OPERATING IN WITH PHASE 1 OF THE PILOT. IT WAS NEVER AN EFFORT TO COLLECT ALL PRE PRINTS. IT WAS GEARED TOWARDS BEING THE REPOSITORY FOR NIH RESEARCH AND ENABLING THE DISCOVERABILITY OF NIH RESEARCH. AND SO WE ESTIMATE USING DATA MADE AVAILABLE BY THE I SEARCH COVID RESEARCH AND IT BEING INCLUDED IN OUR DATABASES. WE'VE BEEN UNDERSTANDING NIH INVESTIGATOR PRACTICES AROUND LICENSING. THAT GUIDANCE TO DEDICATE THE WORK TO THE PUBLIC DOMAIN. WE FOUND THAT ONLY ABOUT A QUARTER OF PREPRINTS DO THAT BUT WE SEE A LARGER CHUNK ADOPTING A MORE RESTRICTIVE BUT STILL OPEN LICENSE THAT LAWS FOR NON-COMMERCIAL AND NO DERIVATIVE SO THAT LEAVES LESS THAN A THIRD THAT HAVE THE TRADITIONAL COPYRIGHT RE-STRICKS TO THE -- RESTRICTIONS TO THE WORK AND BACK TO THE INPUT AND OUTPUT DISCUSSION, WE'RE ABLE TO MAKE A LITTLE OVER TWO-THIRDS IN MACHINE READING MACHINE XML AND HMC AND WE HAVE SEEN EVIDENCE THE AVAILABILITY OF FULL TEXT IN PMC CAN IMPACT THE RATE OF DISCOVERABILITY MUCH A PREPRINT RECORD. THERE'S BEEN HIGHER RATES OF USE THAN PUB MED WHICH IS IN PART DRIVEN BY THE ROLE THAT MACHINE READABLE FULL TEXT APPEARS TO PLAY IN THE DISCOVERY OF CONTENT BY A THIRD-PARTY SEARCH ENGINES. AND WE'VE DONE FURTHER ANALYSIS INTO THIS QUESTION LOOKING AT USAGE DATA AND FOUND HIGHER MEDIAN AND MEAN RATES OF UNIQUE USERS ENGAGING WITH PREPRINT RECORDS OPENLY LICENSED THAN THOSE MADE AVAILABLE AS CITATION UNDER RESTRICTIONS TERMS. IN ADDITION TO INCREASED DISCOVERY I'D LIKE TO SPEND TIME TALKING ABOUT ACCELERATED DISCOVERY AND SOMETHING I'M TERMING EXPANDED ACCESS FOR LACK OF A BETTER PHRASE AT THIS POINT. WHEN WE LAUNCHED THE PILOT WE KNEW IT WAS TO ACCELERATE ACCESS TO NIH SUPPORTED RESEARCH AND OUR DATABASES PRIOR TO JOURNAL PUBLICATION. THAT'S PRETTY MUCH WHAT PRE PRINTS DO AND ANECDOTALLY HEARD IN BIO ARCHIVE PREPRINTS ARE GENERALLY LINKED TO A PUBLISHED JOURNAL ARTICLE WITHIN SIX TO SEVEN MONTHS AND I THINK THEY SAID 75% OF PRE PRINTS IN THEIR DATABASE ARE LINKED WITHIN SIX TO SEVEN MONTHS TO A JOURNAL ARTICLE. AND SO WE WERE FINDING WITHIN OUR OWN DATA THAT IT WAS CLOSER TO ABOUT 100 DAYS ON AVERAGE WHICH SEEMS TO BE A REFLECTION OF THAT EXPEDITED PEER-REVIEW WE SAW DURING COVID AND HIGHER LIMITS THAN WHEN WE LOOKED AT THE DATA LAST YEAR. THAT SAID AND I DON'T KNOW HOW WELL THIS CHART WILL SHOW ON YOUR SCREEN BUT SHOWS THE BREAKDOWN OF BLUE ARE THE PREPRINTS PUBLISHED OR ASSOCIATED WITH OUR ARTICLE IN OUR DATABASES AND THE FURTHER BACK YOU GO IN TIME PREPRINTS POSTED EARLY ON IN THE PANDEMIC ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE NOW PUBLISHED IN A JOURNAL BUT IT'S NOT A 100% SORT OF THING. SO THIS GETS INTO THE IDEA OF EXPANDED ACCESS. MAKING AVAILABLE RESEARCH THAT WOULDN'T OTHERWISE BE IN PMC UNDER THE PILOT BECAUSE IT'S NOT SHOWING UP IN A JOURNAL YET TO THE BEST OF OUR KNOWLEDGE. AND I DON'T KNOW YET IF THIS SLIDE IS SUPER HELPFUL BUT IT'S KIND OF ME TRYING TO WORK THROUGH THOSE PREPRINTS POSTED IN 2020 CAN YOU SEE TRENDS WHICH OF THEM ARE NOW LINKED TO PUBLISHED VERSIONS AND WHICH ONES AREN'T AND ARCHIVE A HIGHER RATE IS NOT LINKED AND MAYBE IT IS SURPRISING TO SOME AND WHAT I FOUND ANECDOTALLY AND IN MY EXPERIENCE IS THAT THAT COMMUNITY NOT EVERYONE THERE REALLY IS AIMING TOWARDS THAT FINAL JOURNAL PUBLICATION. I WAS SURPRISED I THINK BY A RESEARCH SQUARE BECAUSE IT IS INTEGRATED INTO JOURNAL SUBMISSION PROCESSES THERE'S STILL A HIGH NUMBER THERE THAT AREN'T LINKED. SO I THINK WE'RE STILL GRAPPLING WITH WHY IS THERE A HIGHER RATE IN META ARCHIVE AND BIO ARCHIVE AND DOES IT HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH THE PRE PIRINT OR SOMETHIN ELSE ON AND THERE'S A NUMBER OF QUESTIONS THAT DESERVE BETTER EXPLORATION IN UNDERSTANDING PUBLICATION BIAS AND THUS EXPANDING DISCOVERY OF NIH RESEARCH THAT MIGHT NOT OTHER WISE SHOW UP IN PMC OR HAS MORE TO DO WITH AUTHOR MOTIVATIONS AND POSTI IING PREPRINTS. THEY MAY NOT PURSUE PUBLICATION AND MAY NOT FEEL LIKE THEY'RE THERE YET IN THE COURSE OF THEIR RESEARCH AND THESE ARE AREAS WE DON'T KNOW A LOT OF ABOUT YET. AT THIS POINT I'D LIKE TO SWITCH GEARS AND DIG INTO THE OUTCOME MEASURES THAT PERTAIN TO PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF PREPRINTS AND ANY IMPACT THE PILOT MAY HAVE HAD ON PUBLIC TRUST IN NLM DATABASES. AT THE TIME OF THE PILOT LAUNCH WE SET UP THIS E-MAIL ALIAS. IT'S NOT HERE AND WE PUT IT OUT IN THE WORLD AND I EXPECTED IT TO BE THIS DUMPING GROUND OF ANGRY PEOPLE AND IN REALITY IT'S LARGELY BEEN USED BY AUTHORS SIMPLY INTERESTED IN HAVING THEIR PREPRINTS MADE DISCOVERABLE IN PMC AND PUB MED WHICH IS A RELIEF ON ONE HAND BUT ON THE OTHER HAND IT WASN'T REALLY GIVE US THE INFORMATION WE WERE LOOKING FOR. AND I WANT TO GIVE SPECIAL THANKS TO ALL THE FOLKS OVER THERE PARTICULARLY KATE MAJEWSKI WHO CREATED A NUMBER OF THE SLIDES YOU'RE ABOUT TO SEE AND BROKE DOWN THE ANALYSES WE HAD RESEARCH JOURNALISTS AND CLINICIANS AND OTHERS AND TO LEARN ABOUT EXPERIENCES AND PERCEPTION OF PREPRINTS AND TO GET FEEDBACK ON THE PILOT. THE FOCUS GROUPS WERE INTERESTED. PREPRINTS TURNED OUT TO BE A NEW CONCEPT TO MANY PARTICIPANTS. SOME OF WHOM HAD TO LOOK UP WHAT THEY WERE PRIOR TO THE SESSION. SO THEY HAD NOT SEEN MY VERY SCHOOL DEFINITION SLIDE AT THAT POINT I GUESS. FROM THESE DISCUSSIONS IT SEEMED DEFINING A PRE PRINT SAY DOCUMENT NOT YET GONE THROUGH PEER REVIEW. IT'S A CLEAR MESSAGE THAT CAN BE EASILY COMMUNICATED IF YOU'RE FAMILIAR WITH PEER REVIEW AND IT COMES BACK TO THE HEALTH LITERACY DISCUSSION AND ALL THE GROUPS WERE ANXIOUS TO KNOW WHAT SAFEGUARDS NLM HAD IN PLACE TO MAKE SURE WE WERE PRINTING PRE PRINTS AS NOT VETTED INFORMATION. RESEARCHERS WERE CURIOUS ABOUT THE POTENTIAL OF PRE PRINTS FOR A NEW WAY TO SHARE RESEARCH RESULTS AND WE FOUND LIBRARIANS RESEARCHERS AND JOURNALISTS ALL FELT PREPRINTS WERE VALUABLE BUT CLINICIANS WERE LESS SURE. SO GET A MORE CONCEPTUALIZED UNDERSTANDING WE CONDUCTED A SURVEY AND THIS APPEARED ON RECORDS FOR PREPRINTS IN AND PUBMED AND AS WITH THE FOCUS GROUPS THE SURVEY SHOWED A NUMBER HAD NOT NECESSARILY HEARD OF PREPRINTS. JUST OVER A THIRD OF RESPONDENTS. BREAKING IT DOWN BY USER GROUP OUR SURVEY SHOWED RESEARCHERS ARE STATISTICALLY MORE LIKELY TO HAVE HEARD OF PREPRINTS THAN HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS BUT EVEN IN THE RESEARCHER GROUP ABOUT A QUARTER OF THEM STATED THEY WERE NOT FAMILIAR WITH PREPRINTS OF THOSE WE HAD A NUMBER OF QUESTIONS. I'LL FOCUS ON ONE OR TWO HERE. THE FIRST WAS HOW IMPORTANT OUR PREPRINTS AND HOW IMPORTANT IS IT FOR YOU TO DISCOVER AND ACCESS THEM. ON AVERAGE OUR RESPONDENTS INDICATED PREPRINTS ARE VERY IMPORTANT ESPECIALLY FOR THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AT LARGE AND EMERGING TOPICS LIKE COVID-19. 96% FOUND THE ABILITY TO DISCOVER WAS MODERATELY IMPORTANT OR 92% OF RESPONDENTS FELT IT WAS AT LEAST MODERATELY IMPORTANT TO ACCESS PREPRINTS BY A PUBMED OR PUBMED CENTRAL AND THE FOCUS GROUPS ECHOED THE VALUE OF PREPRINTS ARE IN THE ACCELERATING SHARING OF RESULTS. THE INCREASED OPPORTUNITY FOR RESEARCH EXPOSURE AND THE POTENTIAL INCREASE QUALITY OF THE FINAL PRODUCT. THIS IS SIMILAR TO WHAT NIH HEARD IN RESPONSE TO ITS REQUEST TO INFORMATION IN 2016 AND SO THAT'S HELD FAIRLY STEADY. THE MAJORITY RESPONDED HAVING PREPRINTS IN PMC DOESN'T CHANGE THEIR TRUST IN OUR PRODUCTS BUT FOR THOSE OF WHOM IT DID, IT WAS LIKELY TO INCREASE THEIR TRUST. ON THE NEGATIVE SIDE SAID SOMEONE THOUGHT A LIBRARY IS WHERE SOMETHING IS IN FINAL FORM AND I TAKE THAT POINT WELL. SEVERAL COMMENTSERS SAID IT WAS -- COMMENTERS FOR TRANSPARENCY AND SCRUTINY BY ALL. WE SEE THE MOVE OF TRANSPARENCY ACROSS MEDICAL AND SHARING RATES. THE CHARTS ARE MAINTAINED BY COLLEAGUES AT EUROPE PMC PART OF OUR PMC NATIONAL NETWORK AND YOU CAN SEE THEY'RE STARTING TO LEVEL OFF FROM THE JUMP IN 20 BUT THEY HAVEN'T DIPPED DOWN TO PRE-2020 RATES AND I SUSPECT THIS IS DUE TO GREATER AWARENESS AND PREPRINTS BROUGHT ABOUT BY COVID AS WELL AS THE EMERGENCE OF PREPRINT REPOSITORY OPTIONS LIKE RESEARCH SQUARE WHICH HAVE BEEN BUILT INTO JOURNAL SUBMISSION WORK FLOWS WHICH MAKE THIS EASIER FOR RESEARCHERS. WE ALSO ARE JUST SEEING TOOLS ARE EMERGING AND THESE ARE GEARED AT PROVIDING GREATER TRANSPARENCY AND ADDITIONAL CHECK ON SCIENTIFIC QUALITY AND RIGOR AND PRE-REVIEW AND OTHER EFFORTS GEARED TOWARDS BUILDING SOME INFRASTRUCTURE AROUND PREPRINTS AND ENABLING GREATER ANALYSIS AND TRANSPARENT REVIEW OF THIS CONTENT. WE'RE ALSO SEEING THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF JOURNAL EDITORS INCORPORATING THIS IN THEIR RECOMMENDATION AND MUCH MIRRORS THE NIH GUIDE NOTICE LANGUAGE. JOURNALS BEING LAUNCHED REQUIRING PREPRINT POSTING TO BE CONSIDERED FOR PUBLICATION. YOU'LL SOMETIMES HEAR OF OVERLAY JOURNALS THAT SELECT FROM PREPRINTS MADE PUBLICLY ACCESSIBLE. THE SCREEN SHOT HERE E-LIFE WILL ONLY REVIEW WHAT HAS MET THIS REQUIREMENT AND WE'RE SEEING MORE RESEARCH BEING PUBLISHED ON PREPRINT PRACTICES AND QUALITY. I THINK I MENTIONED THIS PAPER ON AN EARLIER SLIDE BUT I FAILED TO GET IN THE DETAILS OF IT BUT WHAT WE'RE SEEING ARE FOLKS WHO ARE INTERESTED IN THE IDEA OF PREPRINT AS A RESEARCH OBJECT AND WHERE THEY FIT IN THE LARGER SCHOLARLY LANDSCAPE AND FINDING FEWER DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE FIGURES AND GREATER DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ABSTRACT LANGUAGE BUT NOT IN THE ULTIMATE CONCLUSIONS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE STUDY THE ABSTRACT IS SHARING JUST SHORT OF IN THE WORDS USED TO EXPRESS IT. WE'VE ALSO BEEN ACTIVELY MONITORING PRACTICES BEYOND COVID-19. AS WE DETERMINE WHAT OUR NEXT STEPS MIGHT LOOK LIKE WE'RE INTERESTED IN UNDERSTANDING WHAT AN EXPANSION OF PREPRINT CURATION ACROSS THE SPECTRUM IN NIH FUNDED RESEARCH MAY END UP BEING. AT THIS TIME AND I FEEL LIKE THESE NUMBERS WILL ALL BE A LITTLE SQUISHY BECAUSE THESE PRACTICES ARE FAR FROM SETTLED BUT WE ESTIMATE FROM 150 TO 300 PREPRINTS SUPPORTED BY NIH MAY BE POSTED EACH WEEK. AND WHILE THAT NUMBER SEEMS HIGH WHEN YOU COMPARE IT TO THE CURRENT RATE OF 20 TO 50 COVID PREPRINTS, WHEN YOU THINK OF IT IN TERMS OF THE NUMBER OF NIH PUBLICATION THE NIH SUPPORTS CLOSER TO 2,000 ON AVERAGE EACH WEEK, THIS IS STILL WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A PERCENTAGE OF THE OVERALL PICTURE. WHAT WE REALLY DON'T HAVE A SENSE FOR AT THIS TIME IS OF THE 150 TO 300, HOW MANY PREPRINTS ARE ON TO BE SUBMITTED TO PREJOURNALS AND OTHER TO THE CATRY I -- CATEGORY WHERE WE DON'T KNOW IF THERE'S A PUBLICATION TO COME. WE'RE ACTIVELY WORKING TO ADDRESS SOME OF THE KNOWLEDGE GAPS IDENTIFIED THROUGHOUT THIS SORT OF PILOT FACE IN OUR USER ENGAGEMENT -- PHASE IN OUR USER ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS AND HAVE TUTORIALS TARGETED TO LIBRARIAN TO BRING THAT INFORMATION INTO STHEIR OWN INSTTHEIR OWN INSTITS TO BRING THAT INFORMATION INTO THEIR OWN INSTITUTIONS WITH TALKED ABOUT THIS BEING A VOICE FOR NIH AND SEE IT AS A GREAT OPPORTUNITY HERE AND COULD LEAD TO IMPROVED LICENSE UNDERSTANDING AND A NUMBER OF OPEN AND SCIENCE PRACTICES SEEM TO BE BUILT INTO PREPRINTS WE CAN BUILD ON. WE'RE ALSO WORKING TO BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW TO COMMUNICATE NOT JUST PREPRINT STATUS BUT THE WIDER RANGE IN USER GROUPS INCLUDING THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND THIS HAS BEEN A BIG THEME THE IDEA OF HEALTH LITERACY AND NLMs ROLE AND OUR SCHOLAR COMMUNICATION AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FROM PREPRINT TO FINAL PRODUCT THAT MAY BE UPDATED OR MIGHT BE RETRACTED OR WITHDRAWN. THERE'S SO MANY THINGS THAT CAN HAPPEN AND HOW DO WE GIVE PEOPLE THE TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND THE LANGUAGE THAT'S BUILT INTO THE SYSTEM. WITH THAT THIS IS NOT A COMPLETE LIST BUT A SPECIAL THANKS TO SO MANY PEOPLE WHO MADE THE PROJECT POSSIBLE. IT'S BEEN A JOY TO WORK ON AND I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO DISCUSSING TODAY. WITH THAT I'LL OPEN IT UP. >> THANK YOU, KATY. THIS IS ONE I FOUND WITH GREAT INTEREST AND PLAN FOR THE FUTURE ON THIS. THANKS FOR STEWARDSHIP OF THIS ALONG THE WAY. IT'S BEEN GREAT TO FOLLOW. >> THANK YOU. >> IT'S BEEN WONDERFUL TO STE THE EVOLUTION OF THE PREPRINT WORLD MORE SO AND I THINK KATY SPOKE TO THIS WANTING TO SEE IT GO FURTHER. AS THE EDITOR OF A JOURNAL, TRYING TO FIND PEER REVIEWERS OF ARTICLE IS A CHRIST RIGHT NOW. AGE IT'S A CRISIS AMOUNT OF TIME WE ARE TAKING TO REVIEW ARTICLES AFTER AGREEING TO DO IT AND I WAS INTERESTED TO SEE THE NUMBER OF PREPRINTS THAT AREN'T MOVING TO PUBLICATION AND WONDERING IF YOU HAVE A SENSE OF WHY THAT IS BECAUSE I CAN IMAGINE A FEW DIFFERENT THINGS. ONE IS TAKING A LONG TIME TO GET IT PUBLISHED OR GETTING REJECTED OR ATTEMPTING TO GO THROUGH THE PROCESS VERSUS SOME PEOPLE USING IT AS THE FINAL END POINT FOR CERTAIN ARTICLES THEY WANT TO DISSEMINATE BUT DON'T WANT TO BOTHER AND HOW DO WE THINK ABOUT THE FUTURE IS THE WHOLE PUBLICATION SYSTEM AND WHETHER A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF ARTICLES DON'T HAVE TO GO THROUGH PEER REVIEW BUT HAVE A WAY TO BE DISSEMINATED YET WE NEED TO MAKE SURE OUR ACADEMIC COMMUNITY GETS CREDIT BECAUSE SO MUCH WORK IS BASED ON PUBLICATION. DO YOU HAVE ANY SURVEYING OF WHY SOME OF THOSE ARTICLES HAVEN'T GOTTEN PUBLISHED AND THE QUESTION OF THINKING ABOUT THAT. >> I WISH WE HAD MORE DATA AND HAVEN'T FIGURED OUT THE BEST WAY TO ASK A RESEARCHER, WHY ISN'T YOUR PAPER PUBLISHED. I DON'T WANT TO PUT ANYONE OFF. I'VE BEEN TRYING TO TAKE DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO GETTING AT THAT QUESTION. I HAD HOPED TODAY I WOULD GO BECAUSE RESEARCH SQUARE IS INTEGRATED INTO A JOURNAL SUBMISSION SYSTEM I WOULD GO AND IT WOULD BE 99% HAVE BEEN PUSH ESTABLISHED AND IT'S JUST AUTHOR MOTIVATIONS IF THEY'RE SUBMITTING TO A JOURNAL IT GETS PUBLISH AND IF NOT IT'S MORE THE 75/25 SPLIT. I DO KNOW ANECDOTALLY COMPUTER SCIENTIST AND A NUMBER OF FOLKS IN THE PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS FOLKS VIEW A PAPER ON ARCHIVE IS REWARDED. I CAN'T SPEAK TO WHY WE SEE SIMILAR RATES OF IN OTHER PRE PRINT SERVERS OF PRE PRINTS NOT LINKS TO A JOURNAL ARTICLE YET. I'D ALSO BE CURIOUS AND THIS IS HARD TO GET AT WITHOUT GOOD METADATA AND IT'S NOT SOMETHING I'VE BEEN ABLE TO PARS OUT BUT HOW MANY OF THESE MIGHT BE NEGATIVE OR NO RESULTS THAT SIMPLY THEY NEVER INTENDED THEY DIDN'T THINK IT WAS NOVEL ENOUGH FOR JOURNAL PUBLICATION. THERE'S SO MANY FACTORS HERE. I CAN SAY THAT WE HAVE NOT RECEIVED A SINGLE QUALITY COMPLAINT ABOUT THESE SO I DON'T BELIEVE IN MY HEART OF HEART THESE AREN'T THE 40% IN A JOURNAL NOT GREAT SCIENCE. I THINK THERE'S SOMETHING ELSE ON BUT I THINK THERE'S A LOT OF NUANCE THERE WE JUST HAVEN'T TEASED OUT AND HOW YOU BURN OUT THE SYSTEMIC CHART I DON'T HAVE A GREAT ANSWER BUT SEEING MORE FUNDERS ENGAGED IN THIS FIELD AND SEEING MORE SEEING MORE JOURNALS TRYING TO OPEN THEM UP, WE'RE TRYING TO WORK WITH THEM AS MUCH AS WE CAN TO MAKE SURE THE ARCHIVAL RECORD REFLECTS THAT AND THROUGH RESEARCHERS GETTING MORE COMFORTABLE WE'LL SEE MORE OF IT. >> THANK YOU, KATY. I OVERLOOKED OUR DISCUSSANTS SO I WANT TO GET BACK TO AND ENSURE KRISTI AND PAUL WEIGH IN BEFORE OTHER QUESTIONS ON THIS. GO AHEAD. >> I'M THRILLED TO SEE THIS LEVEL OF CONVERSATION IN THE TOPIC AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP. IT'S BEEN WONDERFUL TO WATCH THE TOPIC EVOLVE OVER TIME AND I WAS REFLECTING ON YOUR LOGIC MODEL. THERE'S SEVERAL OUTCOMES AND IT'S LIKE YOU'RE ADDRESSING ALL OF THEM IN MEANINGFUL WAYS AND I THINK ADVANCING THAT CONVERSATION WITH THE COMMUNITY SO THAT'S WONDERFUL. I WANTED TO ASK YOU A QUESTION ABOUT SOMETHING THAT I KNOW IS FRONT OF MIND FOR MANY OF US WHICH IS THE UPCOMING NIH DATA MANAGEMENT AND SHARING POLICY AND WHAT ROLE OBJECTS SUCH AS PREPRINTS AND OTHER TYPE OF THINGS PLAY IN THAT SCHOLARLY GRAPH. HOW WE'RE THINKING ABOUT SHARING DATA SETS AND OTHER OBJECTS CREATED THROUGH THE RESEARCH PIPELINE AND HOW THEY'RE ASSOCIATED WITH PREPRINTS AND IF YOU HAVE THOUGHTS ON THAT. >> THANK YOU FOR THE QUESTION. IT'S ONE WE'VE BEEN DISCUSSING INTERNALLY A LOT WHAT COULD BE THE ROLE OF DATA SETS AND THOUGH THEY MAY NOT RESULT IN A JOURNAL PUBLICATION IS THIS AN AREA WHERE WE CAN INCREASE DISCOVERABILITY OF NIH-FUNDED DATA. EITHER MY LITERATURE SEARCHING SKILLS ARE DEPLETING, THERE'S NOT A LOT OUT THERE YET IN MY VIEW ON THIS TOPIC THAT SHINES A LIGHT ON IT SO IF WE WENT THAT WAY WHAT IS THE PRE PRINT NEED TO LOOK LIKE AND NEED TO CONTAIN TO BE VALUABLE AS A DATA PUBLICATION AND WE HAVE SEEN DATA JOURNALS OUT THERE AND KNOW WHEN THEY LOOK FOR DATA THEY START WITH A LITERATURE SEARCH. FOR NOW THERE'S VALUE IN HAVING THAT PUBLICATION EVEN IF IT'S A SHORT ONE ASSOCIATED WITH A DATA SET TO ENABLE THAT TYPE OF DISCOVERY. HOW WE GET FROM PREPRINT TO DATA MANAGEMENT I THINK WILL BE A STEP BY STEP PROCESS BUT I LOVE THE POTENTIAL THERE AND I'M HOPING IT'S ONE NIH WILL CONTINUE TO CONSIDER. THANK YOU FOR THE PRESENTATION AND THANK YOU FOR THE TEAM AND THE GREAT WORK YOUR DOING. I THINK THE PILOT GETS TO WHAT NEED TO BE DONE IN ANALYZING SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION AND IS THAT PART OF THE BIG DEVELOPMENTS IN THE NIH STRATEGIC PLAN. THIS METHODOLOGY WILL BE KEY IN LOOKING AT OR ANALYZE NEW MODES OF COMMUNICATION AND YOU SHOULD BE COMMENTED FOR THE WORK YOU'RE DOING NOW. I THINK YOU NEED TO PUBLIC ABOUT THIS AND GET DATA OUT ABOUT THE USER ENGAGEMENT AND GET TO WHAT HEIDI WAS ASKING ABOUT THAT I THINK ARE KEY TO UNDERSTANDING WHAT THE IMPLICATIONS ARE AND TO SAY THANK YOU FOR ALL YOU'VE DONE AND OPEN THE FLOOR UP TO OTHER PEOPLE WHO HAVE QUESTIONS. >> THANK YOU, PAUL. >> I'D LIKE TO REITERATE THE COMMENT TOO ABOUT THE WORLD NEEDS TO HEAR ABOUT THIS AND WE'VE BEEN FOLLOWING IT EAGERLY AND THIS MUCH DATA FOR THE COMMUNITY TO HEAR ABOUT. I THINK JIM IS UP FIRST. >> DO WE KNOW WHEN A PAPER'S PUBLISHED THE PRE PRINT IS TAKEN DOWN? >> IN OUR OWN DATABASES AND PREPRINT PRACTICE IT'S NOT TAKEN DOWN AND IF THEY'RE ON A PREPRINT RECORD THEY SEE A CLEAR LINK TO THE JOURNAL ARTICLE BUT WE DON'T TAKE IT AWAY. WE PRESERVE THE RECORD AND MAKE IT TRANSPARENT. >> LET ME CHANGE MY QUESTION. HOW GOOD ARE THE LINK BETWEEN THE PRE PRINTS AND PUBLISHED RECORDS? >> I ASSUME THERE'S A PLUS/MINUS RECORD WE'RE MISSING. I WILL GET INTO IT A BIT AS TO WHAT WE DO. THE WAY WE'RE DOING IT RIGHT NOW IS WHEN WE LAUNCH THE PILOT WE HAD CONNECTIONS AND WITH ALL DUE RESPECT IT'S NOT A LOT. OUR COLLEAGUES AT EUROPE PMC WERE ALSO WORKING ON THESE SORT OF MATCHINGS SO WE'VE BEEN AND THE MOST PRODUCTIVE IS USING OUR OWN DATABASES AND RUN THE ABSTRACT CHECK AND ANYTHING REASONABLE AND SEE SIGNIFICANT CHANGES FROM ABSTRACT TO ABSTRACT AND DON'T SPEND A LOT OF TIME IN VER -- VERBATIM PER ABSTRACT BUT I THINK TO DATE WE'VE ONLY BEEN NOTIFIED BY ONE AUTHOR WHO MENTIONED WE MADE A LINK VERSUS NOT AND WERE ABLE TO ADDRESS THOSE AS THEY CAME UP. >> I WOULD NOT BE SHY ABOUT CONTACTING AUTHORS. AND TO GIVE NON-THREATENING CHOICES AND CONTINUE TO PUBLIC AND HERE'S THE LINK. SOMETHING LIKE THAT. I'M GLAD TO KNOW ONE AUTHOR IN THE WORLD MAY NOT BE STRESSED BY THIS. >> ONE MORE QUESTION BEFORE EVERYBODY STAMPEDES OFF TO AFTERNOON BREAK. >> WHAT ARE THE MISSING TOOLS I NEED AS EDITOR-IN-CHIEF AND THE NURSE EDITOR LIST WAS HOW DO WE USE THE REVIEWS AND IS IT INCREASING THE NUMBER OF REVIEWERS WE MIGHT INVITE FOR ARTICLES BUT THERE'S NOT A REAL EASY TOOL AND FOR THAT I REALIZE WE DON'T ASK THE AUTHORS TO SAY THAT IN A COVER LETTER AND WE DON'T AUTHENTICATE EXCEPT THE FIRST REVISION AND WHEN I FIND SOMETHING'S BEEN ON A PREPRINT SERVER IT DOESN'T ALWAYS COME UP WHAT WE'RE PURSUING SO THINKING GIVEN WHAT YOU HAVE THE TYPE OF THINGS YOU'VE DISCUSSED WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF THINGS I NEED TO PUT INTO MY WORK FLOW TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE PERSPECTIVES THAT HAVE BEEN GENERATED THROUGH THE PRE PRINT PROCESS. IT'S NOT REEL A QUESTION. >> WE'RE SEEING -- I HEAR ON BOTH SIDES LIKE IN CLOSED PEER REVIEW SYSTEMS YOU'RE HEARING ABOUT PORTABLE PEER REVIEW AND LETTING AUTHORS TAKE THEM WITH THEM OR SHARING BUT I THINK THE TRANSPARENT SYSTEM REMOVES THAT AND HAVING EDITORIAL MANAGER SYSTEMS TO TALK TO EACH OTHER FROM THE EQUATION AND PUTS IT OUT THERE. I'M OPTIMISTIC ABOUT IT. >> THANK YOU FOR A GREAT DISCUSSION AND THANK YOU KATY AND TEAM FOR GREAT WORK ON THIS. WE'LL NOW MOVE TO BREAK. BE BACK BY 2:45 FOR OUR NEXT PRESENTATION. THANK YOU. I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR NEXT SPEAKERS PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DR. DEAN SCHILLINGER FROM THE DIVISION OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE AT ZUCKERBERG SAN FRANCISCO GENERAL AND IS A PRACTICING PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN AND TEACHES IN THE PRIMARY CARE RESIDENCY PROGRAM AND CONDUCTS RESEARCH. DR. SCHILLINGER CARRIES OUT RESEARCH RELATED TO HEALTH CARE FOR VULNERABLE POPULATIONS AND IS AN INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED EXPERT IN HEALTH COMMUNICATION SCIENCE. HIS WORK FOCUSES ON LITERACY AND CHRONIC DISEASE AND MANAGEMENT. DR. NICHOLAS DURAN IS AN ASSOCIATE PREVENTION IN THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES IN THE NEW COLLEGE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY ARTS AND SCIENCES AT ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY. HIS RESEARCH FOCUSES ON THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN COGNITION, LANGUAGE AND ACTION AS INDIVIDUALS AND GROUP ENGAGE IN COMPLEX REAL-WORLD TASKS. HE APPLIES INSIGHTS GLEAN FROM THE RESEARCH PROGRAM TO BUILD NEW COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS AND METHODS TO HELP PEOPLE BECOME BETTER COMMUNICATORS AND LEARNERS. THEY ARE BOTH HERE TO DISCUSS THEIR NLM FUNDED GRANT ENTITLED PRECISION COMMUNICATION PHYSICIANS AND LINGUISTIC ADAPTATION TO PHYSICIAN HEALTH LITERACY. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE AND WELCOME TO TO DEAN AND NICHOLAS. >> THANK YOU. I AM GOING TO BE SHARING MY SLIDES. >> WE'LL SHARE HIGH-LEVEL RESULTS FROM THE ECLIPSE PROJECT AND SPECIFICALLY DESCRIBING HOW THIS WORK HELPS TO THE FIELD OF COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE LARGER CONSTRUCT OF PRECISION MEDICINE. IT'S A COLLABORATION BETWEEN USF AND ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY AND NORTH CALIFORNIA KAISER DIVISION OF RESEARCH AND GEORGE STATE UNIVERSITY AND OTHER SUPPORT FROM THE NIDDK. THE ROAD MAP FOR THE PRESENTATION IS I'LL PROVIDE BACKGROUND AROUND THEN USE THIS TERM THE ECLIPPINGS -- ECLIPSE AND THE METAPHOR FOR CARE THROUGH THE USE OF COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTIC ANALYSES AND REVIEW THE AIMS. THE FIRST WAS THE WORK TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE NEW MEASURES OF BOTH PATIENT HEALTH LITERACY AND IN PARALLEL LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY. THE SECOND AIM IS TO EXPLORE THE EFFECTS OF CONCORDANCE OR DISCORDANCE BETWEEN PATIENT'S HEALTH LITERACY AND THE PATIENT'S LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY ON OUTCOMES AND CLOSE WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR WHAT WE HOPE WILL BE A LARGER RESEARCH AGENDA AROUND THE FIELD OF PRECISION COMMUNICATION. PRE VISION INITIATIVE IS TO TAILOR ERS AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES TO PEOPLE'S UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS. THIS HAS MEANT THE MAJORITY OF PRECISION MEDICINE RESEARCH HAS INVOLVED RESEARCH RELATED TO TAILORING TREATMENTS TO PEOPLE'S UNIQUE GENETIC MAKEUP, THEIR MICROBIOME COMPOSITION ETCETERA AND THAT REQUIRED INCORPORATING DIFFERENT TYPE OF BIG DATA FROM METABOLOMICS TO MICROBIOME TO BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW PRECISION MEDICINE CAN BE DELIVERED. IN CONTRAST, DESPITE THE CENTRALITY TO HEALTH CARE AND COMMUNICATION OUTCOMES THERE'S BEEN LITTLE RESEARCH THAT LOOKED AT CLINICIAN LEVEL SKILLS AND STYLES AND BIG LINGUISTIC DATA HAS NOT BEEN DERIVED FROM THE COMMUNICATION EXCHANGES TO ADVANCE PRECISION MEDICINE THROUGH PRECISION COMMUNICATION. PATIENT-PHYSICIAN AND PATIENT-CLINICIAN COMMUNICATION IN GENERAL IS A PILLAR OF CARE. FOR ANYBODY'S WHOSE BEEN SICK OR A CAREGIVER FOR A LOVED ONE WHO IS SICK WE CAN APPRECIATE HOW IMPORTANT COMMUNICATION IS TO EVERY ASPECT OF THE HEALTH CARE TRAJECTORY. IT GOES TO WHETHER AND HOW AN INDIVIDUAL DECIDES TO SEEK CARE, COMMUNICATION CAN ENABLE OR IMPEDE ACCURATE DIAGNOSES AND FOSTER SOUND CLINICAL MAKING AND ENGENDER TRUST AND FACILITATE PATIENT UNDERSTANDING AND ENABLE SELF-MONITORING AT HOME AND SUPPORT PROBLEM SOLVING AND SELF-MANAGEMENT OF ONE'S CHRONIC CONDITION. A FUNDAMENTAL PILLAR AND WE KNOW ONE OF THE CENTRAL ROLES OF COMMUNICATION IN HEALTH CARE IS TO ACHIEVE MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING OR WHAT IS KNOWN AS SHARED MEANING WITH MEANING AND THIS MAY BE PROBLEMATIC WITH PATIENTS WITH HEALTH LITERACY. IT'S BEEN DEFINED BY THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE ADDS THE DEGREE TO WHICH INDIVIDUALS HAVE THE CAPACITY TO OBTAIN, PROCESS AND GET HEALTH SERVICES TO MAKE HEALTH DECISIONS AND THOUGHT THE SPEAKING AND LISTENING AND WRITTEN HEALTH LITERACY AND NURM NUMERACY TO MAKE CALCULATIONS AND THE RELIANCE ON DIGITAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATION AND PATIENT PORTALS TO ENABLE THE DIRECT COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PATIENTS AND PROVIDERS HAS SUGGESTED THAT PERHAPS THERE'S AN ADDITIONAL RELATED DOMAIN OF HEALTH LITERACY RELATED TO DIGITAL COMMUNICATION. WHILE THE FIRST DECADE CENTERED ON THE PATIENT ON THE FULCRUM ON THEIR LITERACY DEFICIT WAS THE FOCUS, INCREASINGLY IT'S A BECOME CLEAR WE SHOULD ROW FOCUS THE LENS TO THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF THE DEMANDS PLACED ON INDIVIDUALS TO RECEIVE OUR COMMUNICATIONS AN IF WE CAN REBALANCE THIS CAPACITY AND DEMAND EQUILIBRIUM TO REDUCE THE MISMATCH WE MAY ACHIEVE CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH GAINS AND THIS HAS LED TO THE CREATION OF HEALTH LITERATE HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION MAKING INFORMATION GAINING MORE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES. OUR WORK FOCUSES ON HOW THIS AFFECTS HEALTH CARE POPULATIONS. WE KNOW LITERACY IS IMPORTANT. THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF RESEARCH IN THE LAST TWO DECADES PROBABLY MOST SPECIFICALLY IN DIABETES THAT SHOW LIMITED HEALTH LITERACY IS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER PREVALENCE OF TYPE II DIABETES AND THE PREVALENCE OF HEALTH LITERACY IS HIGH AND IT DEPENDS ON THE SETTING IN WHICH SOME PATIENTS RECEIVE THEIR CARE AND SOME PATIENTS HAVE HALF THE HEALTH LITERACY AND RATES ARE HIGHEST IN THE ELDERLY AND IN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SETTINGS AND HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH IMPORTANT DISEASE OUTCOMES INCLUDING BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL AND DIABETES COMPLICATIONS OVER THE LONG TERM AND MULTIPLE PATHWAYS ACCOUNT FOR THIS AND THE COMMUNICATION ATTRIBUTES OF HEALTH SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO ACCOUNT FOR AT LEAST SOME OF THE HEALTH-RELATED DISPARITIES. WHEN WE ADMINISTER PATIENT SATISFACTION SURVEYS TO PATIENTS IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS ALMOST ALL OF WHICH RETURN SURVEYS THAT SAY THEY'RE VERY SATISFIED WITH THEIR PHYSICIANS APPROXIMATELY THREEFOLD GREATER DEGREE OF DISSATISFACTION FOR DIABETES PATIENTS REPORTING THEIR DOCTOR OFTEN USES WORDS THEY DON'T UNDERSTAND AND ARE CONFUSED ABOUT THEIR CARE AND GET TEST RESULTS THEY DON'T UNDERSTAND. IMPROVING COMMUNICATION MAY BE A VERY IMPORTANT MEANS TO REDUCE HEALTH-LITERACY RELATED DISPARITIES IN CHRONIC DISEASE CARE. ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS ARE THE RAGE. PATIENT PORTALS ARE PENETRATING EVERY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM AND THIS IS SEEN AS A BOON TO CONDITIONS LIKE DIABETES BECAUSE THERE'S A REAL NEED FOR BETWEEN VISIT COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PATIENTS AND PHYSICIANS AND NOW CAN COMMUNICATE THREE A PORTAL AND PROVIDES DIGITAL HEALTH LITERACY ON BOTH SIDES. DESPITE THE EXPLOSION OF COMMUNICATION NO RESEARCH TO DATE HAS EMPLOYED COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS TO HARNESS THE DATA TO MEASURE HEALTH LITERACY OR THE LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY. THIS RESEARCH IS CHALLENGING AND MEASUREMENT FOR RESEARCH STUDIES IS INCREDIBLY TIME CONSUMING AND REQUIRES ONE-ON-ONE INTERVIEWS OF PERFORMANCE WE'RE APPLYING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE NOVEL STEPS OF NEW MEASURES RELATED TO HEALTH LITERACY. WE'RE HARNESSING BIG DATA REQUIRING LARGE AMOUNTS OF DATA, TRANSFER CLEANING AND CONFIRMATORY RESEARCH REFLECTS BASIC SCIENCE AND METHODS RELATED TO HEALTH CARE AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH THAT REQUIRED INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION. YOU AGREE TO UNDERSTAND AND STUDY THE SUN AND FIRST THE ATTRIBUTES AS GOOD SCIENTISTS WE CANNOT LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE SUN. THE WAY OVER TIME WE HAVE BEGUN TO LEARN AND UNDERSTAND MORE ABOUT THE SUN IS BY TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE ECLIPSE WHICH ALLOWS US BECAUSE OF THE FULL SHADOW OR PARTIAL SHADOW ALLOWS US ON EARTH TO SEE ASPECTS OF THE SUN TO DRAW INFERENCES ABOUT THE SUN. DEPENDING ON WHERE L THEAR ECLIPSE WE CAN SEE DIFFERENT ASPECTS AND CREATE A FULL PICTURE OF THE SUN BUT CAN NEVER REALLY LOOK AT THE SUN AS DIRECT OBSERVERS. SIMILARLY WITH TO HEALTH LITERACY THE ECLIPSE PROJECT USES THE FOLLOWING STRATEGIES. WE'RE SITTING ON THE EARTH AND TRYING TO UNDERSTAND HEALTH LITERACY AND MEASURE THE DIMENSIONS OF THE SUN AND MEASURE HEALTH LITERACY AND IT'S SEEN AS THE SCIENTIFIC TRUTH. THE SPECIMENS WE ARE USING TO TRY TO UNDERSTAND THE TRUTH WHAT HEALTH LITERACY IS AND HOW TO MEASURE IT IS THE COMPONENT LANGUAGE DEN RA -- GENERATED BY PATIENTS AND THEIR SECURE MESSAGES. I RELIED ON MY COLLEAGUES WHO ARE EXPERTS TO APPLY THIS AGNOSTIC TO THE MEANING OF THE WORD. NOT READING AND INTERPRETING THE WORD BUT UNDERSTANDING THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE LANGUAGE BEING PRESENTED BY THE PATIENT USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESS AS THE OLS AND METHODS AND THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES WE CAN ESTABLISH THAT THESE NOVEL MEASURES ARE VALID OR NOT VALID BY OUR VALIDATION STANDARDS. VALIDATION BEING CONTENT VALIDITY WITH REPRESENT TO SELF-REPORT AS THE GOLD STANDARDS AND PREDICTIVE VALIDATION WITH RESPECT TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MEASURES AND HEALTH OUTCOMES MEASURES. THIS IS THE UNDERLYING RATIONALE IN THE APPROACH TO MEASURE HEALTH LITERACY AND IN PARALLEL PHYSICIAN LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY. THESE ARE ESTIMATES ON OUR ESTIMATIONS STANDING BEHIND THE MOON. THE SPECIFIC AIMS WERE TO EMPLOY NLM AND MACHINE LEARNING TO SECURE MESSAGE CONTENT BY ENGLISH-SPEAKING DIABETES PATIENTS AND THEIR PROVIDERS. WE WANTED TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE NOVEL MEASURES OF LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY AND ASSESS WHETHER THEY HAD CONTENT AND PREDICTIVE VALIDITY. IF WE CAN SHOW THOSE TO BE TRUE IN AIM 2 DR. DURAN WILL REVIEW WITH US, THE GOAL WAS TO EXAMINE WHETHER CONCORDANCE OR MATCHING BETWEEN A PHYSICIAN'S LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY AND THEIR PATIENT'S HEALTH LITERACY LEVELS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER OUTCOMES. SPECIFICALLY IN THE CASE COMMUNICATION OUTCOMES. AND GET AUTOMATED FEEDBACK TO BEST TAILOR THEIR LANGUAGE TO MEET THAT OTHER PATIENT'S HEALTH LITERACY. AIM 1, THE GOAL WAS TO GENERATE NOVEL HEALTH LITERACY MEASURES. WE DEVELOPED AUTOMATED TOOLS AND EXCHANGED BETWEEN 12,000 ETHNICALLY DIVERSE DIABETES PATIENTS IN AN INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. WE MERGED THE DATA WITH DETAILED SURVEY AND CLINIC DATA FROM A COHORT FROM THE KAISER DIABETES POPULATION. THIS INVOLVED OVER 400,000 SECURE MESSAGES THAT WERE ULTIMATELY ANALYZED INVOLVING ABOUT 7,000 PATIENTS WITH TREMENDOUS ETHNIC DIVERSITY THAT REPRESENTS THE POPULATION OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA. THIS IS A SIMPLIFIED FLOW DIAGRAM OF THE CLEANING THAT WE NEEDED TO DO TO IDENTIFY THE FINAL HEALTH LITERACY SAMPLE ON THE PROFILE ON THE RIGHT SHOWING ABOUT 430,000 OR SO SECURE MESSAGES THAT WERE ANALYZED USING COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTILINGUILINGUISTICS. THERE WERE OVER 180 APPLIED TO THE LINGUISTIC CORPUS AND WERE ASSESSED USING MACHINE LEARNING TO ASSESS THIS AND I'LL SKIP SOME OF THESE AND SOME WERE FOR CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS. WE WERE FIRST ABLE TO SHOW IN THIS CASE THE GOLD STANDARD WAS EXPERT RATED HEALTH LITERACY IN A SUBSET OF THE 300,000 OR SO SECURE MESSAGES. THE MACHINE CREATED NLP AND WAS STRONGLY PREDICTIVE OF THE SECURE MESSAGES AND THIS AREA UNDER THE CURVE WAS VERY SIMILAR ACROSS THE DIFFERENT RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS IN OUR SAMPLES SUGGESTING IT HAD CONTENT VALIDITY ACROSS A DIVERSE SAMPLE. WE THEN EXPLORED PREDICTIVE VALIDITY AND YOU SEE THE OTHER POPULATION AND THE OTHER COLORS THE SUB POPULATIONS OF DIFFERENT RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS OVERALL OUR HEALTH LITERACY MEASURE DID PREDICT POOR PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATION, POOR MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND A MEDICATION SIDE EFFECT, VERY POOR DIABETES CONTROL AND GREATER UTILIZATION OF SERVICES. WE WERE ABLE TO SHOW IN 7,000 PATIENTS AN AUTOMATED HEALTH LITERACY MEASURE HAD CONTENT AND PREDICTIVE VALIDITY WITH PATIENT-RELATED OUTCOMES AND DIABETES AND WE ESTABLISHED THIS MEASURE AND HAD A VALIDATED MEASURE OF PHYSICIAN'S LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY AND NOW THE QUESTION WAS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU PUT THEM TOGETHER. DOES CONCORDANCE OR DISCORDANCE IN LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY MATTER. I'LL DRIVE FOR YOU. >> SO WE BELIEVE HEALTH COMMUNICATION IS CRITICAL FOR TAILORING AND DEVELOPING PREVENTION STRATEGYIES WHAT DOE IT MEAN TO BE PRECISE IN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION? ONE IMPORTANT WAY IS TO COMMUNICATION TO CREATE A SENSE OF SHARED COMMON GROUND BY ACCOMMODATING TO THE EXPECTED ABILITIES AND NEEDS OF A COMMUNICATION PARTNER. FOR PHYSICIANS LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE PREVALENCE OF LINGUISTIC CONCORDANCE/DISCORDANCE AND DISCORDANCE ON PATIENT COMPREHENSION OR WHETHER THEY AFFECT BY PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS. BEAR WITH ME AS I ATTEMPT TO GIVE YOU A WHIRLWIND ACCOUNT OF WHAT WE DID IN ADDRESSING THE ISSUES IN UNDER 10 MINUTES. I PROMISE. SO USING THE ECLIPSE STUDY SAMPLE DEAN DESCRIBED IN AIM 1, OUR FIRST OBJECTIVE WAS TO IDENTIFY CONCORDANT VERSUS DISCORDANT GROUPS ACROSS THE PATIENT DIADS. THERE'S BEEN MANY MESSAGES AND IN RETURN PATIENTS SENT MANY MESSAGES TO THEIR DOCTORS. THERE WERE 1,143 PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS IN OUR CORPUS WHO SEPT OVER 100,000 SECURE MESSAGES TO THE UNIQUE PATIENTS WHO IN RETURN SENT THE SAME AROUND THE SAME NUMBER OF SECURE MESSAGES TO THEIR DOCTORS. IN AGGREGATING THE MESSAGES EACH PERSON WROTE AROUND 1300 WORDS. WITH EACH PERSON'S AGGREGATED MESSAGE STEP THE NEXT STEP WAS WHETHER THEY USED LANGUAGE PREDICTIVE OF HIGH OR LOW HEALTH LITERACY. EACH MESSAGE WAS FIRST ASSESSED FOR WHICH NINE LINGUISTIC FEATURES WERE MEASURED. THESE WERE IDENTIFIED IN AIM 1 AND SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING PROCEDURE. IN THAT PROCEDURE MORE DETAIL WE STARTED WITH 100 LINGUISTIC FEATURES TRAINED AGAINST A SET OF MESSAGES THAT EXPERTS RATED AS INDICATING HIGH OR LOW HEALTH LITERACY. THE RESULTING LINGUISTIC FEATURES, THOSE THAT BEST DELINEATED BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW WERE THEN EXTRAPOLATED TO PREDICT THE VALUE OF NEW MESSAGES. THE SAME PROCESS WAS DONE HERE. HERE THEY ARE IN THEIR FULL SPLENDOR BUT FOR EACH DO NOTICE THE FEATURES NOW BELONG TO BROAD CATEGORY OF LANGUAGE LIKE SYNTAX AND DIVERSITY AND SOPHISTICATION. IT'S THE TOTALITY OF THE FEATURES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS THAT GIVE RISE TO THIS HIGH-LEVEL REPRESENTATION OF HEALTH LITERACY COMPETENCIES. I SHOWED WHERE THE SAME PROCEDURE WAS USED WHETHER THE MESSAGES WERE HIGH OR LOW COMPLEXITY. SO OF COURSE THE LINGUISTIC FEATURES IN AIM 1 ARE UNIQUE TO THE POSITION. IN AIM 1 THEY COME FROM A MODEL TRAINED AGAINST A SET OF PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATIONS EXPERTS RATED AS BEING MORE OR LESS COMPREHENSIBLE TO A STRUGGLING READER. HERE'S THE RESULTING FEATURE. THOUGH NONE OF THE FEATURES WERE FOUND IN THE CATEGORY THEY WERE RELATED TO COGNITION AND SENTIMENT. IT'S NOT CRITICAL TO UNDERSTAND INDIVIDUAL FEATURES. WHAT IS CRITICAL IS THE CONSTRUCT OF COMPLEXITY AS IT APPEARS TO STRUGGLING READERS EMERGES FROM THE TOTALITY IN MACHINE LEARNING MODELS TRAINED TO PREDICT EXPERT RATINGS. SO NOW WE HAVE A DOCTOR, PHYSICIAN A WHO'S AGGREGATED MESSAGES IS AT EACH THREE MESSAGES ARE PREDICTED TO BE OF HIGH OR LOW COMPLEXITY AND WE HAVE THE PREDICTED HEALTH LITERACY SCORE FOR EACH PATIENT BASED ON MESSAGES. AND THE NEXT STEP WE DETERMINE WHETHER THE MESSAGES SENT BETWEEN EACH PATIENT-PHYSICIAN DIAD REFLECT A CONCORDANT OR DISCORDANT MESSAGE AND THERE'S TWO POSSIBILITIES HIGH COMPLEXITY AND LOW LITERACY OR LOW COMPLEXITY AND A HIGH HEALTH LITERACY. AND WE CAN TURN TO THE ISSUE OF PREVALENCE. AND THE BOTTOM ROW 53% OF THEM HAD A DOCTOR WHO USED LANGUAGE HIGH COMPLEXITY DISCONCORDANT WITH THEIR UNDERSTANDING. DID THIS MATTER IN TERMS OF HOW PATIENTS UNDERSTAND THEIR DOCTORS? TO BEGIN TO ANSWER THE QUESTION WE DRAW ON A LARGE SCALE SURVEY THAT PATIENTS COMPLETED WHILE UNDER THE CARE OF THEIR DOCTOR. AND THEY WERE ASKED HOW MANY TIMES DOES YOUR DOCTOR EXPLAINING THINGS IN A WAY YOU CAN UNDERSTAND AND JUST AS MEANS TO ORIENT YOU, IN THE NEXT SLIDE I'LL SHOW A RESULTS TABLE FROM A MIXED EFFECTS LINGUISTIC REGRESSION. THE RESULT IS FOR LOW HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS ONLY AND THERE'S A NUMBER OF PATIENT-LEVEL COVARIATES WE CAN DISCUSS BUT IMPORTANT IS THE DASH BOX AT THE TOP OF THE TABLE. THERE'S POOR COMMUNICATION WITH A PATIENT IN AS DISCONCORDANT RELATIONSHIP AND THERE'S NO STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT AFFECT OF THIS. NOW THERE ARE THE SECOND MAJOR OBJECTIVE. WE'VE IDENTIFIED PHYSICIANS WHO USE CONCORDANT VERSUS DISCORDANT INFORMATION AND THERE'S SOMETHING TO BE LEARNED FROM THEIR CONCORDANCE ACROSS ALL PATIENTS. IMAGINE THESE PATIENTS EIGHT ARE LOW HEALTH LITERACY AND FIVE ARE HIGH AND PICTURE HERE BY THE GROUPING OF PATIENTS BY THE BLUE BOX. THIS STRATEGY MIGHT BE CALLED A TENDENCY TO ENGAGE IN UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS OR BY PHYSICIANS ALWAYS USING SIMPLER LANGUAGE TO REDUCE LITERACY DEMAND OF THEIR PATIENTS. IN THIS AND THEY USE HIGH COMPLEXITY LANGUAGE WITH HIGH LITERACY PATIENTS. THIS STRATEGY MIGHT BE CALLED A TENDENCY TO ENGAGE IN UNIVERSAL TAILORING WHERE PHYSICIANS MATCH THEIR PATIENT'S LANGUAGE ABILITIES. AND WHAT WAY WE LIKE TO DETERMINE IS HOW MUCH EACH PHYSICIAN RESEMBLED AN IDEALIZED VERSION. FOR UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IT COULD BE REPRESENTED BY THE VALUES IN THE FOUR DRELZ -- CELLS FOR THE 100% OF THE HIGH HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS THE PHYSICIAN USES LOW COMPLEX LANGUAGE. AND THEY USE HIGH COMPLEXITY WITH HIGH HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS. AND NOW THIS IS BASED ON THEIR ACTUAL ADAPTATION ACROSS THEIR PATIENTS. TAKE OUR UNIVERSAL TAILERING -- TAILORING WE CAN TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE OVERALL NUMBER OF PATIENTS AND WE CAN CALL THE RESULTS DISTRIBUTION OF VALUES THE PHYSICIANS TAILORING SIGNATURE. ARE FOUR ELEMENTS THAT CAN BE PLOTTED AS A HIGH DIMENSIONAL POINT AND THE IDEALIZED GOLD STANDARD ARE FOUR ELEMENT VECTORS WITH THEIR OWN UNIQUE LOCATION IN THE PLOT AND BY COMPUTING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TAILORING SIGNATURE VECTOR IN EACH IDEALIZED POINT WE CAN QUANTIFY HOW CLOSE ANY PHYSICIAN IS TO ANY IDEALIZED STRATEGY. IN OTHER WORDS THEY CAN HAVE A SCORE NOR FOR HOW MUCH THEY RESEMBLE UNIVERSAL TAILORING OR PRECAUTIONS STRATEGY. THE SHORTER THE DISTANCES, THE GREATER THE RESEMBLANCE. AND PHYSICIANS ON THEIR RESEMBLANCE SCORE FOR EACH STRATEGY. HERE'S THE FULL PLOT ORIENTED BUT AGAIN TIME CONSTRAINTS LET'S MOVE ON. THESE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES AND PATIENT UNDERSTANDING WERE RELEVANT OR ARE THERE ASSOCIATIONS. SO FOR UNIVERSAL TAILORING OF STRATEGY, YES. THE ODDS RATIO INDICATES PHYSICIANS WHO TEND MORE TOWARDS UNIVERSAL TAILORING HAVE PATIENTS REPORT BETTER UNDERSTANDING. AND THIS APPLIES TO BOTH HIGH AND LOW HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS. INTERESTINGLY, THE SAME WAS NOT FOUND FOR PHYSICIANS WHO TEND MORE TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION OF STRATEGY. QUICKLY, I'LL GET TO THE LAST BIG TAKE-HOME FINDING HERE. SO WE KNOW THAT LANGUAGE CONCORDANCE WITH A DOCTOR MATTERS AND DOCTORS THEMSELVES CAN VARY ON THEIR TAILORING STRATEGIES. DO THEY BENEFIT IN A CONCORDANT SIGNATURE WITH MORE UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS OR TAILORING. WE FIND YES, THERE IS A BOOST AND ADVANTAGE FOR UNIVERSAL TAILORING AND FOR CERTAIN PATIENTS. THE ADHERENCE TO UNIVERSAL TAILORING MAKES LITTLE DIFFERENCE TO THE LOW HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS WHEN THEY'RE DISCONCORDANT AND IS THE TYPE OF PATIENT WHO SEEMS ATTUNED TO THEIR PATIENT'S NEEDS AND ABILITIES, THESE LOW-HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS REPORT UNDERSTANDING SCORES AS HIGH AS HIGH HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS AN CONCORDANT RELATIONSHIP. AND DEAN CAN TAKE OVER. WITH A RETURN ON INVESTMENT FOR THE BOARD OF REGENTS THIS SO TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE MEASURES OF PATIENT HEALTH LITERACY AND PHYSICIAN LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY USING COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS. MOREOVER AND MORE IMPORTANTLY, IT'S THE FIRST QUANTITATIVE STUDY TO PROVIDE EVIDENCE THAT PRECISION COMMUNICATION CAN GENERATE BENEFITS IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS. AS NICK JUST SHOWED, PHYSICIAN'S ABILITY TO RECEIVE INFORMATION AND ADAPT AND EXPRESSIVE SKILLS INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION APPEARED TO INFLUENCE IN THIS CASE PATIENTS UNDERSTANDING OF HEALTH CARE INFORMATION NECESSARY TO MANAGE THEIR DIABETES. PATIENTS WITH LOW HEALTH LITERACY WERE ESPECIALLY SENSITIVE TO THIS LINGUISTIC MATCHING BUT PATIENTS OF LOW AND HIGH HEALTH LITERACY PATIENTS BENEFIT FROM PATIENTS WITH AN ADAPTIVE LANGUAGE STYLE AND THE COMBINATION OF LINGUISTIC MATCHING AND ADAPTIVE LANGUAGE STYLE APPEARS TO ELIMINATE HEALTH LITERACY RELATED DISPARITIES IN COMMUNICATION. THIS SULGGESTS TO US THAT IN TH INDEXES THAT NICK SHOWED EARLIER PROMOTES SHARED MEANING AND CAN REDUCE OR EVEN ELIMINATE HEALTH-RELATED DISPARITIES. SUGGESTING THE CONSTRUCT OF PRECISION MEDICINE SHOULD INCLUDE THE DOMAIN OF PRECISION COMMUNICATION. NOW, ONE OF THE IMPLICATIONS HERE, THIS IS A NEW WORLD. WE HAVE A WORLD IN WHICH MOST OF US IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS ARE LOST IN TRANSLATION YET WE HAVE A BURGEONING OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES THAT CAN CREATE AND WRITE LANGUAGE IF INFORMED PROPERLY AND A WORLD IN WHICH FIVE OR 10 YEARS FROM NOW COMMUNICATIONS FROM CLINICIANS AND PATIENTS MAY BE INFORMED SIGNIFICANTLY BY A.I. WHILE THE IMMEDIATE IMPLICATIONS IS TO GENERATE MEASURES IN AN AUTOMATED AND RAPID FASHION HAS SCALE TO IDENTIFY PATIENT IN NEED OF ADDITIONAL COMMUNICATION SUPPORT. THIS HAS BEEN A SIGNIFICANT BARRIER TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS AND EXECUTIVES REPEATEDLY ASKING WELL, I DON'T KNOW WHO AMONG MY PATIENTS HAS HEALTH LITERACY. WE CAN POTENTIALLY RESOLVE THAT PROBLEM. THE SECOND IS THERE'S GREAT POTENTIAL FOR NLP-BASED FEEDBACK TO CLINICIANS IN ROUTINE HEALTH CARE AS THEY'RE POSING COMMUNICATION TO PATIENTS WITH HIGH AND LOW LITERACY AND WE DID A TRIAL TESTING THAT. THE LONGER TERM IMPLICATIONS HOWEVER, IS OUR WORK PROVIDES A PROOF OF CONCEPT AND I HAVE TO BELIEVE THIS IS WHY IT GOT PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE BECAUSE PAPERS IN HUMAN COMMUNICATION DON'T TEND TO GET PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE JOURNALS. BUT THE PROOF OF CONCEPT THAT PRECISION COMMUNICATION CAN BE MEANINGFULLY DEFINED AND STUDIED VIA ADVANCED METHODS AND THIS CONCEPT PROVIDES A MAJOR OPPORTUNITY FOR DISCOVERIES TO ADVANCE HUMAN HEALTH AND THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG. ALL WE STUDIED WAS LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY BUT THERE'S A RANGE OF COMMUNICATION ATTRIBUTES, COMPREHENSIVENESS, EMOTION, EMPATHY, COLLABORATION, VALIDATION, TRUSTWORTHINESS, ETCETERA THAT THEORETICALLY COULD BE ANALYZED USING TECHNIQUES SIMILAR TO WHAT WE DEMONSTRATED HERE. DOING SO WOULD ALLOW US TO UNDERSTAND CERTAIN ELEMENTS AND ATTRIBUTES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION. RIGHT NOW MOST OF WHAT WE THINK WE KNOW ABOUT COMMUNICATION IS BASED ON WELL, THAT MENTOR OF MINE USED TO DO THAT AND IT SEEMED TO WORK WELL OPPOSED TO RIGOROUS SCIENCE. FINALLY THIS SUGGESTS SCALABLE INTERVENTIONS EVIDENCE BASED TO ADVANCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH CARE IN A MANNER THAT PROVIDES PRECISION MEDICINE. LASTLY WE WANT TO CLOSE WITH A PROPOSAL FOR SEEING THE POTENTIAL VALUE IN THE RESEARCH WE UNDERTOOK IN THE LAST SIX YEARS AND REALLY BELIEVE GIVEN THE LANDSCAPE OF THE NIH AND HOW LITTLE FUNDING HAS GONE INTO UNDERSTANDING HUMAN INTERACTION AND COMMUNICATION AS IT RELATES TO TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE, NLM COULD BE A VERY IMPORTANT LEADERSHIP ROLE IN BUILDING OUT A PRECISION COMMUNICATION RESEARCH AGENDA. WITH THAT I'LL CLOSE. I DON'T KNOW WHO TAKES IT FROM HERE BUT AGAIN THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THE PRIVILEGE OF PRESENTING OUR NLM-FUNDED RESEARCH TO THE BOARD OF REGENTS . >> THANK YOU FOR THE FASCINATING WORK. LOURDES YOU'RE ONE OF OUR DISCUSSANTS AND CLAY, THE OTHER DISCUSSANT HAD TO STEP AWAY BUT WE HAVE OTHERS WHO CAN STEP IN. >> IT'S A BRILLIANT PRESENTATION. QUITE FASCINATING. ONE QUESTION I HAD IS YOU TALK ABOUT HOW DO PATIENTS UNDERSTAND THEIR DOCTORS AND I HAVE THE REVERSE QUESTION HOW DO DOCTORS UNDERSTAND PATIENTS? SOMETIMES PATIENTS WILL TALK ABOUT VERY CULTURALLY BOUND TYPE OF ISSUES. FOR EXAMPLE, THE EVIL EYE AND THING THEY ATTRIBUTE ARE THE CAUSES OF ILLNESS WHETHER IT'S THEIR CHILDREN OR FAMILY AND I WONDER WHEN PHYSICIANS ARE FACING THAT KIND OF COMMUNICATION IN WHAT WAYS MIGHT THE PROGRAM BE ABLE TO ALLEVIATE THAT OR PROVIDE SOME UNDERSTANDING OF SOME OF THOSE ISSUES AND HOW PHYSICIANS MAY DEAL WITH THAT KIND OF THING? THE PATIENT IS THE ONE WHO IS NOT NECESSARILY ALWAYS THE LITERACY PROBLEM BUT IT IS A VERY CULTURALLY SPECIFIC BOUND KIND OF BELIEF OR ATTITUDE THAT IS BROUGHT TO THE TABLE. >> CAN I TACKLE THAT, NICK? >> I LOVE THIS BECAUSE IT GETS TO THE CORE ISSUE OF SHARED MEANING. IT'S A BI-DIRECTIONAL SET OF ARROWS. I AM SURE THAT AS FREQUENT A PROBLEM PATIENT MISUNDERSTANDING IS OF DOCTORS'S COMMUNICATION SO TOO IS THE DEGREE TO WHICH PHYSICIANS MISUNDERSTAND THEIR PATIENTS. I WOULD ARGUE A SIGNIFICANT MAJORITY OF THAT MISINFORMATION HAS TO DO WITH PHYSICIAN'S FAILURE TO EVEN ELICIT COMMUNICATION FROM THEIR PATIENTS LET ALONE RECEIVE IT AND NOT UNDERSTAND IT AND THINK THE PROBLEM RUNS DEEPER WHICH IS WE INTERRUPT AFTER 11 SECONDS AND YOU KNOW ALL THE RESEARCH THERE. PARTLY WHAT'S EXCITING ABOUT WHAT NICK WAS ABLE TO DO WITH THESE PHYSICIAN SIGNATURES IS TO BE ABLE TO DEVELOP AN ARCHETYPE A PHENOTYPE OF CLINICIANS THAT APPEAR TO BE SKILLED IN THE RECEIVING OF INFORMATION IN NOT JUST THE SPEAKING BUT THE SENSING AND THEN ADAPT ACCORDINGLY TO TAILORED COMMUNICATION. I WOULD ARGUE THAT PROBABLY THOSE COMBINATIONS THAT HAVE THAT SIGNATURE, THAT SKILL ARE ALSO GOING TO BE THOSE PHYSICIANS THAT CAN LISTEN TO THE WAYS IN WHICH PATIENTS ARE FRAMING THEIR HEALTH PROBLEMS AND TRY TO INTERPRET AND REINTERPRET WAYS THAT GENERATE A SENSE OF SHARED MEANING BUT THOSE ARE THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS WE CAN BEGIN TO BE EXPLORING AND THAT PROBLEM YOU DESCRIBED IS UBIQUITOUS. IT COULD BE BECAUSE OF CULTURAL REASONS OR PATIENTS DON'T KNOW THE MEDICAL LINGO TO BE ABLE TO SUCCINCTLY DESCRIBE THEIR HISTORY. THESE ARE SO-CALLED POOR HISTORIANS. THAT'S WHAT WE CALL THOSE PATIENTS, THE POOR HISTORIAN. WE PUT IT ON THEM AS THE PROBLEM. I THINK THIS IS A VERY BIG BLACK BOX YOU ASKED ABOUT AND QUITE AMENABLE TO THIS KIND OF RESEARCH. >> DID YOU WANT TO SPEAK TO THAT. >> WHAT WE BUILT AND SPEECH NOTHING TO DO WITH SEMANTIC CONTEXT. WE WANT A SHARED MEANING AND THESE SORT OF WAYS. >> WHAT WE DID WAS THERE WAS NO QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS WHATSOEVER. THIS IS PROBABLY SCRATCHING THE SURFACE OF THE KINDS OF MISUNDERSTANDING AND MISCOMMUNICATIONS THAT CAN HAPPEN IN BOTH DIRECTIONS AND WHY THIS CONCEPT I THINK OF PRECISION COMMUNICATION IS SO IMPORTANT. THAT DEGREE OF MISACCURACY AND YOU WANTED TO LAND AN AIRPLANE IN CLEVELAND AIRPORT YOU COULDN'T DO IT AND IN MEDICINE WE TOLERATE IT WITH ALL THE CONSEQUENCES THEREIN. >> THANK YOU. AND I HOPE WHAT WILL BE A QUICK QUESTION. I SAW YOU HAVE MULTIPLE RACE ETHNICITY INCLUDED IN YOUR STUDY AND ALSO I THINK I SAW SPANISH AS WELL. I'M WONDERING IF THIS A WHOLE ALGORITHM THAT WORKS WELL ALSO IN MULTIPLE LANGUAGES AND CAN BE USED IN MULTIPLE SCENARIOS AND WITH THE LANGUAGE TRANSLA ISSUES AS THEY'RE THEIR OWN SITUATION ITSELF. >> RELATED YET DIFFERENT. I CAN TALK ABOUT THE SAMPLE AND NICK CAN TALK ABOUT THE METHOD CHALLENGES. THE SAMPLE WE DID NOT RESTRICT THE SAMPLE ONLY TO ENGLISH SPEAKERS. HOWEVER, THE PATIENT PORTAL AT THAT TIME UNDER STUDY WAS ONLY AVAILABLE IN ENGLISH. SO THIS IS REALLY ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF HOW RACISM PLAYS OUT IN MEDICINE AND ONLY OFFERED TO PEOPLE WHO SPOKE ENGLISH. WE DID DISCOVER HOWEVER, THAT ABOUT 3% OF THE POPULATION REPORTED HAVING LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENCY. AND MANY USED PROXIES TO WRITE THEIR SECURE MESSAGES FOR THEM AND WE DEVELOPED AN ALGORITHM TO ELIMINATE THOSE TO NOT HAVE TO CONTAMINATE THE SAMPLE WITH PROXIES BECAUSE IT'S A WHOLE OTHER ISSUE. NOW, WE DID DISCOVER EARLIER ON THAT A SMALL PROPORTION OF THIS CORPUS OF LANGUAGE WAS ACTUALLY WRITTEN IN SPANISH. SPANISH-SPEAKING PATIENTS WRITING TO THEIR SPANISH-SPEAKING DOCTOR -- IT HAPPENS ALL THE TIME TO ME ON THE PATIENT PORTAL AND I RESPOND IN SPANISH. AND WE EXCLUDED THOSE MESSAGES FROM THE CORPUS FOR THE REASONS I THINK NICK IS GOING TO DESCRIBE AS THE TALKS ABOUT THE LANGUAGES. >> THE LINGUISTIC FEATURES FROM OTHER DATABASES AND THERE'S MODELS TRAINED ON SPANISH TEXT AND SO THIS IS A WHOLE NEW SET OF INDEXES. >> WE'RE RUNNING A FEW MINUTES BEEN THE. >> I'VE ARGUED WITH COLLEAGUES ABOUT UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS VERSUS TAILORED SO I'M GLAD TO SEE THIS AND IT'S VERY EXCITING AND I THINK WE PRIMARILY DO WORK WITH INFO GRAPHICS AS ANOTHER MODE OF COMMUNICATION AND I OFTEN TALK ABOUT THAT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PRECISION COMMUNICATION. I THINK IT'S PROBABLY A BIGGER RESEARCH AGENDA WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF TOOLS BUT THAT WOULD BE VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE NLM AS WELL. I APPLAUD YOU FOR THE VERY EXCITING WORK. >> SORRY TO HAVE TO CUT THIS SHORT BUT WE'RE RUNNING BEHIND AND THANK YOU FOR A FASCINATING PRESENTATION. I APPRECIATE IT. NEXT ITEM IS TO MOVE ON TO REPORT PERFECT BRENT ON THE REPORT FROM THE NOMINATING COMMITTEE. >> THANK YOU, NEAL. I'M HAPPY TO GET MY FIVE MINUTES OF BOARD OF REGENTS FAME ON MY LAST DAY OF THE JOB. GOOD AFTERNOON. AS THE CHAIR OF THE NOMINATING COMMITTEE FOR THE BOARD OF REGENTS THE COMMITTEE MET MARCH 24 INCLUDING MYSELF, JOE FRANCIS AND MARY TO CONSIDER THE CANDIDATES FOR THE NEXT NLM BOARD OF REGENTS CHAIR AND AS A RESULT I'M PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE WE EXTENDED AN INVITATION TO DR. HEIDI REED AND THANK YOU FOR AGREEING TO DO THIS AND AT THIS POINT SOMEONE MAY KNOW BETTER THAN I DO BUT I BELIEVE WE NEED TO ASK THE CURRENT BOR CHAIR TO CALL FOR A CONCURRENCE VOTE. >> I'M NOT SURE THE PROTOCOL OR WHAT I NEED TO DO BUT DELIGHTED HEIDI WILL BE STEPPING IN THE ROLE. DO I NEED TO ASK FOR CONCURRENCE OF MEMBERS? >> YES, PLEASE. I'D >> I'D LIKE TO ASK FOR CONCURRENCE FOR HEIDI REED TO BECOME THE NEXT CHAIR OF BOARD OF REGENTS. >> I SHOULD ABSTAIN. >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR SHOW OF CONCURRENCE. I THINK WE HAVE CONCURRED. THANK YOU BRENT AND THE NOMINATING COMMITTEE FOR YOUR WORK ON THIS. >> PLEASURE. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH HEIDI. LOOKING FORWARD TO WORKING WITH YOU. >> THANKS, NEAL FOR DOING AN OUTSTANDING JOB THIS PAST YEAR. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. DELIGHTED TO TURN THIS OVER TO YOU AS WELL. >> NEXT UP IS DR. JANE YE CONCEPT CLEARANCE FOR REISSUING RESEARCH GRANTS IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE DISCUSSION. I DON'T KNOW IF WE NEED PRELIMINARY ON THIS OR GO AHEAD. >> DR. YE IS READY TO PRESENT. >> GOOD AFTERNOON. MY NAME IS JANE YE. I'M A PROGRAM OFFICER AND REPRESENT OUR GROUP FOR A CONCEPT CLEARANCE FOR RE-ISSUE BEING NLM RESEARCH GRANTS IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE FROM THE OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT. THE NLM RESEARCH GRANTS IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT FOA HAS SUPPORTED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE SINCE THE INCEPTION IN 2013. THE FOA HAS SERVED AS THE PRIMARY FUNDING PROJECT FOR INVESTIGATOR INITIATED PROJECTS AND APPLICATIONS UNDER THIS FOA WERE AUTOMATICALLY ASSIGNED TO NLM. THIS WAS AN INVESTIGATOR WHO PREFERRED NLM TO BE THE FUNDING INSTITUTE. APPLICATION UNDER THE FOA WERE REVIEWED BY NLM BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS LIBRARY AND COMMITTEE WITH BALANCED EXPERT IN INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE AND APPLICATION DOMAINS. THIS WAS ALSO PREFERRED BY MOST OF OUR INVESTIGATORS WHO SOMETIMES COMPLAINED ABOUT THE ABSENCE OR INSUFFICIENT EXPERTISE IN SOME OF THE CSR STUDY SESSIONS. BECAUSE OF THESE REASONS, THE FOA RECEIVED HIGHER NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS. NLM ACCEPTED THESE APPLICATION THROUGH THE NLM FOA AND ALSO NIH PARENT FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT. THIS SLIDE JUST SHOWED THE NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS RECEIVED AND FUNDED BETWEEN MAY 2019 AND JANUARY TO COUNCIL ROUNDS. THE TOP TWO LINES REPRESENT APPLICATION RECEIVED WITH BLUE INDICATING THE NUMBER OF NLM AND THE APPLICATION UNDER NLM FOA AND ALSO THE RED LINE FOR NIH FOA. THE BOTTOM TWO LINES ARE FUNDED GRANTS WITH THE GREEN BEING NLM FOA FUNDED GRANTS AND THE PURPLE FOR NIH FOA GRANTS. AS YOU AND SEE WE RECEIVED MORE APPLICATIONS AND FUNDED MORE GRANTS UNDER THE NLM FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT. THE SCOPE OF THE FOA APPROACHES DEVELOPMENT IN APPLICATION DOMAINS INCLUDING CLINIC AND PUBLIC HEALTH, INFORMATICS AND TRANSLATION AL INFORMATICS AND CONSUMER INFORMATICS AND THIS SHOWS THE INVESTMENT DOMAIN IN THE FAST FIVE YEARS. THE CLINICAL INFORMATIC PORTFOLIO IS USUALLY THE BIGGEST INVESTMENT CATEGORY AMONG OTHERS. AND THE FOA SUPPORTS A RANGE OF RESEARCH PROJECTS IN AREAS SUCH AS APPLYING MACHINE LEARNING TO MODEL AND UNDERSTAND COMPLEX DISEASES, BIOMARKER DISCOVERY THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF OMICS AND EHR DATA, EX TRACTING AND ANALYZING INFORMATION FROM EHR DATA FOR DECISION MAKING, PROTECTING CONFIDENTIALITY OF PERSONAL HEALTH INFORMATION, MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION DURING DISASTERS. WE PLACED PRIORITY ON RESEARCH THAT WAS NOVEL, SIGNIFICANT AND OF HIGH IMPACT. OVER THE YEARS, WE HAVE SUPPORTED EARLY-STAGE INVESTIGATOR TO OBTAIN THEIR FIRST RO1 GRANTS TO ESTABLISH THEIR INDEPENDENT RESEARCH CAREER. WE ALSO SUPPORTED INVESTIGATORS IN STATES THAT HISTORICALLY HAVE HAD LOW LEVEL OF NIH FUNDING RESEARCHERS FUNDED UNDER THIS FOA PUBLISHED THEIR RESEARCH FINDINGS IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS, DISSEMINATED TOOLS AND THE RESOURCES IT GENERATES TO THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY AND HAVE BEEN RECOGNIZED FOR PRESTIGIOUS AWARDS SUCH AS THE PRESIDENTIAL EARLY CAREER AWARDS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS FOR THEIR GROUNDBREAKING RESEARCH ON THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASE AS WELL AS SINGLE CELL TECHNOLOGY ALLOWING INVESTIGATE OF HET HETEROGENEITY AT UNPRECEDENTED LEVEL. SUSTAIN RESEARCH EFFORTS WILL BE NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY AND PURSUE THE INNOVATIVE APPROACH THAT ADVANCE THE FIELD OF INFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE AND HAVE THE CAPACITY TO IMPROVE HUMAN HEALTH. WED LIKE TO CONTINUE SUCCESSFUL RO1 FUNDING GRANT AND FUTURE EFFORTS WILL BE METHODOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION THAT FOSTER DATA-DRIVEN DISCOVERY AND WANT TO EMPHASIZE GENERALIZABLE APPROACH FOR DATA SETS TO VALIDATE PROPOSED MODELS AND METHODS AND WE ANTICIPATE TO PUBLISH THE FOA IN SEPTEMBER 2022. WE WILL FOLLOW NIH STANDARD RESET DATES THREE TIMES A YEAR. APPLICATION BUDGETS WILL BE ELIMINATED TO 250K PER YEAR IN DIRECT COSTS WITH THE MAXIMUM PROJECT PERIOD OF FOUR YEARS AND THE APPLICATION WILL BE REVIEWED BY THE INFORMATICS LIBRARY AND DATA SCIENCE REVIEW COMMITTEE. WITH THAT I WILL STOP HERE AND BE HAPPY TO ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS. THANK YOU >> THANK YOU, DR. YE. QUESTIONS, COMMENTS FROM THE BOARD ABOUT CONTINUING TO RE-ISSUE THIS PROGRAM ALSO I SEE RICHARD HAS JOINED US TOO AND IS AVAILABLE FOR QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS. IT'S HELPFUL TO SEE THE DIFFERENCE IN THE AVAILABILITY OF THE NLM PROGRAM COMPARED TO THE NIH PROGRAM OVERALL INDICATING HOW IMPORTANT IT IS RELATIVELY TO CONTINUE. ANYTHING ELSE YOU'D LIKE TO ADD? I DON'T SEE ANY COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS. >> THANKS, JANE FOR THE PRESENTATION. THIS IS THE WORKHORSE FOR NLM AND A PROGRAM FUNCTIONING WELL SO HOPE TO RELEASE IT AGAIN FOR ANOTHER THREE-YEAR FOA. NEAL, IF YOU'D LEAD US IN A CONCURRENCE VOTE. >> THE PROPOSAL IS TO RE-ISSUE THE FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT FOR BIOMEDICAL DATA SCIENCE AND INFORMATICS AWARDS. MAY I HAVE A SHOW OF CONCURRENCE FROM THE BOARD FOR THIS CONTINUATION ANY NON CONCORDANCE? IT'S CONCURRED BY THE BOARD. >> A FEW MINUTES EARLY BUT I CAN TURN IT BACK TO YOU, PATTI. >> THIS IS A PLEASANT MOMENT AND I'M HERE TO ANNOUNCE TWO SETS OF AWARDS WE'LL BE PROVIDING. >> I'M NOT SURE ANY OF OUR AWARDEES ARE IN THE ROOM RIGHT NOW AND SO I'M GOING TO BE DESCRIBING THIS BUT WE'LL ENGAGE THEM WITH THE CITATIONS WE'RE GIVING OUT NOW. THE RODGERS AWARD IS THE FIRST TO BE GIVEN. IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1989 BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. THE PURPOSE IS TO RECOGNIZE EMPLOYEES WHO MADE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO OUR FUNDAMENTAL OPERAT OPERATIONS OR AND THOSE WERE PREVIOUSLY EMPLOYED TO 2021. THIS YEAR I'M PLEASED TO PRESENT THE AWARD TO TWO RECIPIENTS. THE FIRST GOING TO MR. ALEXANDER ATASHYN AND HE'S BEING RECOGNIZED FOR CONCEIVING AND DEVELOPING A NEW METHOD TO IDENTIFY CONTAMINATE SEQUENCES IN GEN BANK GENOME SUBMISSIONS WITH UNPARALLELED SENSITIVITY AND PERFORMANCE. THERE'S A CRITICAL NEED TO IDENTIFY WHEN A GENOME CONTAINS EXTRA SEQUENCES FROM A CONTAMINANT ORGANISM WHICH CAN RESULT IN ERRONEOUS DATA. HIS NOVEL METHOD HAS ROBUST DATA AND ANALYSES THAT CAN BE DONE IN MINUTES VERSUS DAYS. THIS TECHNICAL SKILL RESULTED IN THE STEP FORWARD TO PROVIDE THE QUALITY OF SEQUENCE ARCHIVES GREATLY IMPROVING AND RESULTING IN SUBSTANTIALLY AND MORE EFFECTIVE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE PROGRAM. CONGRATULATIONS. WE'RE ALSO PRESENTING THE FRANK B RODGERS AWARD TO MS. TAYLOR WITH THE MED LAR OF THE BIBLO GRAPHIC DIVISION AND IMPROVING THE NIH COMMON DATA ELEMENTS REP REPOSI REPOSITORY. STARTING WITH A USER ASSESSMENT HES IMPROVED AND ADVOCATED FOR THE CDE-R INCLUDING SUPPORTING FUNDS FROM THE NIH. HER EFFORTS HAVE A REDESIGN OF THE SITE AND NEW TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. UNDER HER MANAGEMENT, PATIENTS HAVE INCREASED NEARLY 40% FROM FISCAL YEAR '19 TO FISCAL YEAR '21. HER CONTRIBUTIONS HAVE POSITIVELY IMPACT THE VISIBILITY AND USAGE OF THE CDE-R. HER ACCOMPLISHMENTS IMPROVE AN IMPORTANT NLM SERVICE AND A WANT TAKE A MOMENT TO REMIND YOU PART OF THE WAY NIH SUPPORTS RIGOR, REPRODUCIBILITY AND RESEARCH IS ENSURING THE QUALITY AND INTEROPERABILITY OF DATA HAVING COMMON DATA ELEMENTS AVAILABLE IS ESSENTIAL AND HER WORK HAS MADE THE COMMON DATA ELEMENTS ACCESSIBLE, REVIEWED AND AVAILABLE IN A HUMAN AND MACHINE READABLE FASHION AND CONGRATULATIONS AND MY PERSONAL THANKS TO THE TWO OF YOU. I'M PLEASED FOR THE NLM DIRECTOR'S AWARD. IT'S AN AWARD FROM THE NATIONAL MEDICINE DIRECTOR TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE WORK OF EMPLOYEES WHO MADE EXCEPTIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND THEY MUST HAVE TWO YEARS OF SERVICE WITH THE NLM WHO MERIT SPECIAL RECOGNITION FOR OUTSTANDING AND CLEARLY ACCESSIBLE SERVICES IN THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE LIBRARY'S MISSION. NOMINEES ARE NOMINATED BY WORK COLLEAGUES AND SUPERVISORS. I'M PLEASED TO PRESENT THREE AWARDS. THE FIRST IS TO MR. FISTER. HE'S A PROGRAM SPECIALIST IN THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR AND SUPPORTS THE WORK THAT I DO AND ESTABLISHING THE STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS OF OUR SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR'S OFFICE FOR THE INTERMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM AND THE BROAD KNOWLEDGE OF THE NLM AND NIH ADMINISTRATIVE AND BUDGETARY PROCEDURES HAS BEEN INDISPENSABLE AND IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING GUIDANCE, HE CONTRIBUTES TO NEW IDEAS SUCH AS THE FIRST SHARE POINT SITE FOR THE SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR'S OFFICE IMPORTANT TO STORE AND SHARE CRITICAL DOCUMENTS. MR. FISTER COLLABORATES WITH TEAMS ACROSS THE NLM SEAMLESSLY WORKING TO COORDINATE TASKS AND BRIDGING CROSS-CUTTING AREAS WHILE KEEPING THE BIG PICTURE IN MIND AND HAS BEEN CRUCIAL IN ADVANCING THE NLM GOAL OF ONE INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM WITHIN ONE NLM. I MUST SAY I DID NOT NOMINATE MR. FISTER BUT DELIGHTED TO SEE HIS NOMINATION. AND NEXT IS MS. TUNCER AND BEING RECOGNIZED FOR THEIR EXCEPTIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS IN PUBLIC AFFAIRS IN MEETING THE NLM PUBLIC MEDIA FAIRS TEAM. SHE WORKS CLOSELY WITH LEADERSHIP AND STAFF ON SENSITIVE AND TIMELY MEDIA OF THE REQUESTS FOR CONSULTATION AND LED A TEAM THAT FIELDED OVER 90 MEDIA REQUESTS DURING THE FIRST THREE MONTHS OF THE PANDEMIC REQUIRING TIMELY COORDINATION ACROSS THE NLM, NIH AND THE HHS. SHE'S ALSO SUPPORTS THE PRODUCTION OF THE DIRECTOR'S BLOG MUSINGS FROM THE MEZZANINE AND HAS SEEN AN INCREASE IN SUBSCRIPTIONS. SHE ADVANCED THE ENGAGEMENT AND THE CRAFTING OF COMMUNICATION THAT SHOWCASE THE NUMEROUS SERVICES THAT SUPPORT THAT DISCOVERY. AND LASTLY TO MS. ZARINGHALAM THE OPEN SCIENCE OFFICER WITNESS THE OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES ALSO LOCATED IN THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR. SHE'S BEEN RECOGNIZED FOR HER LEADERSHIP IN CRUCIAL ADVANCEMENT OF DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION AND ACCESSIBILITY ACROSS THE NLM AND NIH AND BEYOND. SHE SERVES AS THE REPRESENT FOR THE UNITE COMMITTEE WHICH PROMOTES WORKFORCE DIVERSITY ACROSS THE NIH. IN THIS ROLE, SHE LEADS THE DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NIH POLICIES AND PROGRAMS SEVERAL OF WHICH ARE ALREADY BEING IMPLEMENTED. SHE ALSO OVERSEES THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE'S EFFORT TO DEVELOP THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC EQUITY PLAN TO IMPROVE THE INTERNAL CULTURE OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. SHE HELPED TO ESTABLISH THE NLM ANNUAL LECTURE ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY TO RAISE AWARENESS OF SOCIETAL ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS IN THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH. HER CONTRIBUTIONS HAVE BEEN CRITICAL TO ENSURING NLM ADVANCES IN ITS STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES TO INCREASE WORKFORCE DIVERSITY WHILE ADVANCING ROBUST AND ETHICAL RESEARCH AND FOSTERING TRUST IN THE NLM PRODUCTS AND RESEARCH. MY CONGRATULATIONS TO MY COLLEAGUES, MR. FISTER, MS. MUNCER AND MS. ZARINGHALAM. NEAL, I BELIEVE WE'RE READY TO MOVE INTO CLOSED SESSION.