>> SO WE'LL GET STARTED.
LET ME START BY WELCOMING
EVERYBODY.
I'LL OFFICIALLY CALL THE
MEETING, WE'RE OPEN.
WELCOME, EVERYBODY, TO THE 68TH
MEETING OF THE NATIONAL ADVISORY
COUNCIL ON MINORITY HEALTH AND
HEALTH DISPARITIES.
I AM DR. MONICA WEBB HOOPER, AND
I WILL NOW TURN THE MEETING OVER
TO DR. PAUL COTTON.
>> THANK YOU, DR. WEBB HOOPER.
GOOD MORNING AND WELCOME TO THE
68TH MEETING OF THE NATIONAL
INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND
HEALTH DISPARITIES ADVISORY
COUNCIL.
TODAY'S MEETING IS OPEN TO THE
PUBLIC AND BEING BROADCAST ON
NIH VIDEOCAST NETWORK.
THIS IS OUR MAKEUP MEETING FOR
THE JANUARY/FEBRUARY COUNCIL
THAT WAS NOT HELD.
COUNCILMEMBERS, PLEASE SPEAK
SLOWLY AND DISTINCTIVELY WHEN
YOU ARE REQUESTED TO OR CALLED
ON TO SPEAK.
THE VIDEOCAST OBSERVERS,
TECHNICAL STAFF AND NOTE TAKERS
WILL BE LISTENING TO NOTE YOUR
COMMENTS.
THERE IS NO NEED TO ASK IF
YOU'RE BEING HEARD.
I WILL PROMPT YOU IF AUDIO
PROBLEMS ARE DETECTED.
IN AN EFFORT TO CONSERVE THE
INTERNET BANDWIDTH AND MINIMIZE
BACKGROUND NOISE, I WILL LEAD
THE ROLL CALL.
PLEASE TURN ON YOUR CAMERA,
UNMUTE YOURSELF, INTRODUCE
YOURSELF, FIRST NAME/LAST NAME,
AND MAKE A BRIEF STATEMENT,
INSTITUTION, ORGANIZATIONAL
AFFILIATION AND ROLE.
FOLLOWING YOUR INTRODUCTION,
PLEASE MUTE YOURSELF AND TURN
OFF YOUR CAMERA.
I WILL MOVE ON TO THE NEXT
PERSON.
AND NOW WE WILL BEGIN.
DR. ADUNYAH.
>> GOOD MORNING, MY NAME IS
SAMUEL ADUNYAH, DEPARTMENT OF
BIOCHEMISTRY, CANCER BIOLOGY,
NEUROSCIENCE AND PHARMACOLOGY AT
MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU.
>> GOOD MORNING, I'M VALERIE,
PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND RURAL
HEALTH AT OKLAHOMA STATE
UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR HEALTH
SCIENCES WHERE I DIRECT THE
CENTER FOR INDIGENOUS HEALTH
RESEARCH AND POLICY.
THANK YOU.
>> DR. BAUERMEISTER.
>> GOOD MORNING.
DR. JOSE BAUERMEISTER, PROFESSOR
OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY AND
COMMUNITY HEALTH AT UNIVERSITY
OF PENNSYLVANIA.
HAPPY TO BE HERE.
>> DR. STONE.
>DR. STONE.
WE WILL CIRCLE BACK TO
DR. STONE.
DR. PENENDO.
>> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.
I'M FRANK PENENDO, PROFESSOR IN
THE DEPARTMENTS OF PSYCHOLOGY
AND MEDICINE AT THE UNIVERSITY
OF MIAMI IN MRNA R. FLO FLORIDA.
>> DR. CHAU TRINH.
>> GOOD MORNING, PROFESSOR OF
POPULATION HEALTH AND MEDICINE
AT THE NYU GROSSMAN SCHOOL OF
MEDICINE.
>> AND I DO BELIEVE WE HAVE A
COUPLE OF OUR EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS
PRESENT.
DR. SHELL?
DR. SIMONI?
IF I CAN HAVE THEM INTRODUCE
THEMSELVES?
>> HI, I'M JANE SIMONI, DIRECTOR
HERE AT THE OFFICE OF BEHAVIORAL
AND SOCIAL SCIENCES RESEARCH.
>> THANK YOU.
I THOUGHT I SAW YOUR NAME IN
THERE.
AND I'M GOING TO LOOK ONE MORE
TIME BEFORE I MOVE TO THE STAFF
AROUND THE TABLE.
LET'S SEE IF WE HAVE DR. SHELL
IN THE ROOM WITH US.
OKAY.
DR. STONE, WOULD YOU LIKE TO
INTRODUCE YOURSELF?
>> YES, GOOD MORNING.
LISA CACARI STONE, PROFESSOR IN
POPULATION HEALTH, UNIVERSITY OF
NEW MEXICO.
>> AND OUR TABLE GUESTS.
>> I'M NATHAN STENSON, DIRECTOR
OF COMMUNITY HEALTH AND
POPULATION SCIENCE.
>> I AM THE DIRECTOR OF THE
DIVISION OF CLINICAL AND --
SERVICES RESEARCH AT NIMHD.
>> BETH CORLEO, DIRECTOR OF THE
OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY,
PLANNING, EVALUATION AND
REPORTING AT NIHD.
>> AND I BELIEVE WE HAVE DR. DAS
ONLINE.
>> DIVISION DIRECTOR FOR THE
DIVISION OF INTEGRATIVE,
BIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL
SCIENCES.
>> OKAY.
AND IF SHE'S NOT EXCESSIVELY
BUSY, KIMBERLY ALLEN?
AND WE'RE GOING TO CIRCLE BACK
IF WE HAVE ANY OF THE
INDIVIDUALS POP IN THAT WE
MISSED.
I WANT TO COVER THE FUTURE
MEETING DATES.
THEY ARE LISTED ON THE AGENDA.
AFTER REVIEWING THE DATES,
PLEASE LET US KNOW AS SOON AS
POSSIBLE IF THERE IS A DATE THAT
YOU ABSOLUTELY CANNOT MAKE.
IT'S VERY IMPORTANT WE HAVE A
QUORUM OF ADVISORY
COUNCILMEMBERS AT EACH MEETING
TO CONDUCT THE BUSINESS OF THE
INSTITUTE.
THE UPCOMING COUNCIL DATES ARE:
MAY 6, AND YOU ALL PROMISED TO
BE HERE TOMORROW FOR THE MAY
COUNCIL.
SEPTEMBER 5TH, 2025.
FEBRUARY 6TH, 2026.
MAY 19TH, 2026.
AUGUST 11TH, 2026.
PLEASE NOTE THAT IT IS NIH
POLICY THAT A COUNCILMEMBER MAY
HAVE ONE ABSENCE PER CALENDAR
YEAR.
AN INDIVIDUAL CANNOT SERVE ON
ANY NIH PEER REVIEW PANELS WHILE
SERVING AS A COUNCILMEMBER.
I WILL NOW TURN THE MEETING OVER
TO DR. MONICA WEBB HOOPER FOR
THE NIMHD ACTING DIRECTOR'S
REPORT.
>> THANK YOU.
>> EXCUSE ME, A COUPLE PEOPLE
ARE STILL IN THE WAITING ROOM.
SORRY, IT'S SHOWING UP ON MY --
EXCUSE ME, DR. WEBB.
>> OKAY, WE'LL TAKE CARE OF IT.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU, DR. COTTON, AND
THANKS TO EVERYONE AGAIN FOR
ATTENDING TODAY'S COUNCIL
MEETING.
I'M MONICA WEBB HOOPER.
I'M ACTING DIRECTOR OF NIMHD,
AND FOR THE NEXT 20 TO 30
MINUTES, I WILL HIGHLIGHT A
SELECT SET OF ACTIVITIES AT
NIMHD BETWEEN OUR SEPTEMBER 2024
COUNCIL MEETING AND EARLY
FEBRUARY OF 2025.
BEFORE I START, I WANT TO
ACKNOWLEDGE AND THANK DR. ELISEO
PEREZ-STABLE FOR HIS LEADERSHIP
AS THE SECOND NIMHD DIRECTOR.
SO LET'S GO TO MY SLIDES,
PLEASE.
>> ONE MOMENT.
>> WE CAN GO TO THE NEXT ONE.
THANK YOU.
OKAY.
SO THE MISSION OF NIMHD IS TO
LEAD SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TO
IMPROVE HEALTH AND REDUCE HEALTH
DISPARITIES WITH THE ASPIRATION
TO ASSURE GOOD HEALTH FOR ALL
POPULATIONS.
OUR INSTITUTE CONDUCTS AND
SUPPORTS MULTI-DISCIPLINARY
RESEARCH ACROSS SEVERAL DOMAINS,
THE DOMAINS OF INTEGRATIVE,
BIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL
SCIENCES, CLINICAL AND HEALTH
SERVICES RESEARCH, AND COMMUNITY
HEALTH AND POPULATION SCIENCE.
THIS MISSION IS SO IMPORTANT.
AND SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
NIMHD IN 2010, SO WE'RE
CELEBRATING 15 YEARS, WE HAVE
BEEN DEDICATED TO ADDRESSING
CRITICAL GAPS BY APPLYING
SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO GENERATE
KNOWLEDGE AND PROVIDE CRITICAL
EVIDENCE FOR UNDERLYING
CONTRIBUTORS TO HEALTH
DISPARITIES ACROSS POPULATIONS,
DISEASES, AND CONDITIONS.
NIMHD LEADS AND SUPPORTS SCIENCE
THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO POPULATION
NEEDS AND THAT ADVANCES, HE EVER
HAD BASED, CLINICAL AND
COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTIONS.
AND IT IS THROUGH THESE EFFORTS
THAT WE WILL CONTINUE TO DRIVE
MEANINGFUL CHANGES TOWARDS
IMPROVING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING,
PAVING THE WAY FOR A HEALTHIER
FUTURE.
AND THERE'S STILL SO MUCH TO
LEARN AND I THINK TO UNDERSTAND
WHY DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH EXIST
AND PERSIST ACROSS GENERATIONS
AND POPULATIONS AND MOST
IMPORTANTLY, WHAT WE CAN DO
ABOUT IT, RIGHT?
I WANT TO GIVE SPECIAL THANKS TO
THE HEROS WHO WORK AT NIH AND
NIMHD TO ADDRESS HEALTH
DISPARITIES.
AND THE SCIENCE TEAMS WHO WORK
TOGETHER ON THE GROUND TO SAVE
LIVES THROUGH RESEARCH BECAUSE
IT IS TRULY HEROIC AND YOUR
COMMITMENT TO THE SCIENCE OF
HEALTH DISPARITIES INSPIRES ME
GREATLY.
SO SEPTEMBER 19TH, 2024 I HAD
THE HONOR TO ATTEND IT REALLY
RYE MARKABLE EVENT ON THE NIH
CAMPUS.
SO DURING THIS EVENT, NIH
DEBUTED A PLAQUE HONORING THE
MEMORY OF THE 625 BLACK AMERICAN
MEN UNETHICALLY TREATED IN THE
U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
UNTREATED SYPHILIS STUDY, WHICH
OCCURRED BETWEEN 1932 AND 1972
IN ALABAMA.
THIS EVENT ALSO RECOGNIZED THE
50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE NATIONAL
RESEARCH ACT WHICH IS WHAT
CREATED FEDERAL RULES TO PROTECT
HUMAN RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS AND
THIS LAW WAS A DIRECT RESPONSE
TO THE MEN WHO WERE MISTREATED
IN THE STUDY.
THIS REALLY WAS A MOVING
EXPERIENCE FOR ME PERSONALLY,
AND ESPECIALLY HAVING THE
OPPORTUNITY TO MEET VOICES OF
OUR FATHER'S LEGACY FOUNDATION
MEMBERS.
THE FOUNDING MEMBERS, MANY OF
THEM ARE THE DIRECT CHILDREN AND
DESCENDANTS OF THESE MEN.
AND ALSO IN THE PHOTO THAT YOU
SEE HERE ARE NIH LEADERS WHO
GATHERED AROUND THE PLAQUE AT
THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
IN THE HERB GARDEN.
SO IT WAS A REALLY, REALLY GREAT
EXPERIENCE.
SO IN TERMS OF NIMHD UPDATES
FOLLOWING OUR SEPTEMBER 2024
COUNCIL AND OUR FEBRUARY 2025
COUNCIL MEETINGS, I HAVE A FEW
THINGS TO SHARE.
AFTER A NATIONAL SEARCH,
DR. KELVIN CHOI WAS SELECTED AS
THE NIMHD SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR IN
OUR DIVISION OF INTRAMURAL
RESEARCH.
SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR IS A TOP
FIVE, WHAT'S CALLED THE TOP FIVE
POSITION AT NIH, AND AS OUR
SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR, DR. CHOI IS
OVERSEEING THE EXECUTIVE
DIRECTION AS WELL AS THE
SCIENTIFIC LEADERSHIP FOR
RESEARCH CONDUCTED WITHIN OUR
INTRAMURAL PROGRAM.
DR. CHOI SERVED AS ACTING
SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR FROM
MARCH 2023 FOLLOWING THE
RETIREMENT OF ANNA NAPOLES UNTIL
HE WAS APPOINTED OFFICIALLY.
KELVIN JOINED DIR IN 2013 AS A
STADTMAN TENURE TRACK
INVESTIGATOR AND HE IS OUR FIRST
AND ONLY SCIENTIFIC SENIOR
INVESTIGATOR DR. CHOI IS AN
ACCOMPLISHED RESEARCHER IN
COMMERCIAL TOBACCO USE
DISPARITIES AND CONTROL.
I HAVE VERY MUCH ENJOYED
COLLABORATING WITH KELVIN BEFORE
JOINING NIH WHEN I WAS AN
EXTRAMURAL INVESTIGATOR AND HAVE
APPRECIATED WORKING WITH HIM
OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS SINCE I
HAVE BEEN HERE AT NIMHD AND I'M
DELIGHTED TO CONTINUE WORKING
WITH HIM AS OUR SCIENTIFIC
DIRECTOR.
SO ANOTHER UPDATE.
I WAS FORTUNATE TO RECEIVE THESE
TWO HONORS LATE LAST YEAR AND
2025.
I WAS RECENTLY ELECTED AS AN
ACADEACADEMY OF BEHAVIORAL MEDIE
RESEARCH, WHICH IS AN
ORGANIZATION WITH THE VISION OF
ADVANCING THE HEALTH OF THE
FIELD OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE BY
CREATING AND DISSEMINATING
KNOWLEDGE.
IT ALSO FOCUSES ON FOSTERING THE
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF
HIGH QUALITY RESEARCH THAT
INTEGRATES BIOMEDICAL AND
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE IN SERVICE OF
BETTER HEALTH.
WE ARE ALSO FOCUSED ON PROVIDING
A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR
THE REVIEW OF RESEARCH FINDINGS
AND HOW THEY APPLY, IN ASSESSING
HOW THEY APPLY, TO APPLY THEM TO
PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT OF ILLNESS, AND ALSO
JUST CULTIVATING DISCOURSE AND
REALLY TRYING TO INSPIRE CHANGE
THAT CULMINATES IN BETTER HEALTH
FOR ALL.
SO I WAS DELIGHTED TO BE ELECTED
BY MY DISTINGUISHED PEERS AND I
WAS ALSO THRILLED TO RECEIVE THE
2025 PEBBLES FAGAN AWARD FROM
THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON
NICOTINE AND TOBACCO FOR OUR
WORK IN TOBACCO RELATED
DISPARITIES.
AND FOR THIS AWARD, I MUST THANK
THE MANY COMMUNITY PARTNERS,
ACADEMIC COLLABORATORS,
TRAINEES, RESEARCH STAFF MEMBERS
AND OUR COMMITTED PARTICIPANTS
OVER THE YEARS WHO MADE THIS
RECOGNITION POSSIBLE.
SO I WAS VERY GREAT FULL AND GRD
HUMBLED BY BOTH OF THOSE HONORS.
IN TERMS OF CONGRESSIONAL OR
LEGISLATIVE UPDATES, LAST
NOVEMBER, I WAS ABLE TO MEET
WITH CONGRESSMAN TERRI SEWELL TO
DISCUSS UPDATES ON HEALTH
DISPARITIES RESEARCH AT NIMHD
AND NIH, SO THIS IS A PHOTO IN
HER OFFICE.
AND THEN IN DECEMBER,
DR. STINSON MET WITH
REPRESENTATIVES FROM NIGMS AND
NHLBI AND PARTICIPATED IN THE
NIH LUNCH AND LEARN
CONGRESSIONAL WEBINAR, AND
SPECIFICALLY, THIS WEBINAR WAS
FOCUSED ON RURAL HEALTH RESEARCH
AT NIH, AND IT WENT QUITE WELL.
SO WE APPRECIATE DR. STINSON
REPRESENTING NIMHD AND DOING
THAT FOR US.
IN OCTOBER OF LAST YEAR, I WAS
INVITED TO AUTHOR A PIECE FOR
TREND MAGAZINE, WHICH IS
PUBLISHED BY THE PEW CHARITABLE
TRUSTS, AND THE FOCUS WAS ON THE
DECLINES IN TRUST FOR HEALTHCARE
AND SCIENCE, ESPECIALLY IN
RECENT YEARS, ALTHOUGH THERE'S
BEEN A SORT OF DECADE GRADUAL
DECLINE.
IN THIS PIECE I TALKED ABOUT
SOME OF THE REASONS REPORTED FOR
DISTRUST IN SCIENCE AND
MEDICINE, AND I OFFER A FEW
POSSIBLE STRATEGIES FOR DEALING
WITH THIS KEY PSYCHOLOGICAL
CONSTRUCT THAT CAN BE REALLY
CHALLENGING TO MOVE, BUT THE
RECOMMENDATIONS OR REALLY THE
SUGGESTIONS THAT I OFFER IN THIS
PIECE IS THINKING ABOUT HOW WE
CAN MOVE IN A MORE POSITIVE
DIRECTION TOWARDS TRUST AND
CONFIDENCE SINCE WE KNOW IT'S SO
CRITICAL.
SO NIMHD WAS WELL REPRESENTED AT
THE LAST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH
ASSOCIATION, AND INVESTIGATORS
AS WELL AS FELLOWS FROM FIVE
NIMHD INTRAMURAL LABS PRESENTED
THEIR SCIENCE AND DR. ALLANA
FORDE HAD A PANEL FOCUSED ON
CRITICAL ISSUES IN PUBLIC
HEALTH.
NIMHD ALSO HOSTED AN EXHIBIT
BOOTH AND THAT ALLOWS FOR
INTERACTIONS WITH SCIENTISTS AND
TRAINEES ABOUT RESEARCH
OPPORTUNITIES, AND THE EXHIBIT
WAS WELL VISITED AND WE'RE
ALWAYS PLEASED TO HAVE THESE
SORTS OF OPPORTUNITIES.
EACH YEAR, THE NIH HEALTH
DISPARITIES INTEREST GROUP HOSTS
A WORKSHOP DURING THE NIH
RESEARCH FESTIVAL WHICH OCCURS
EVERY FALL, AND THIS WORKSHOP
THIS PAST FALL WAS PART OF THE
NIH HEALTH DISPARITIES INTEREST
GROUP, THEIR COLLABORATIONS,
COLLABORATIVE EFFORT.
THIS WORKSHOP WAS LED BY NICHD
WITH SUPPORT FROM -- WHICH IS
THE CHILD HEALTH INSTITUTE, WITH
SUPPORT FROM NIMHD, AND THE
FOCUS WAS ON ORAL HEALTH
DISPARITIES, AN AREA THAT IS
LESS DISCUSSED BUT VERY
IMPORTANT.
ORAL HEALTH IS A MODIFIABLE RISK
FACTOR FOR MANY NON-COMMUNICABLE
DISEASE PROCESSES, AND THERE ARE
DISPARITIES IN ORAL HEALTH THAT
EXIST ACROSS THE LIFESPAN SHAPED
BY VARIOUS FACTORS.
SO IDENTIFYING AND UNDERSTANDING
HOW SPECIFIC FACTORS SHAPE ORAL
HEALTH MAY HELP INFORM EFFORTS
TO ADDRESS DISPARITIES IN ORAL
HEALTH.
HERE YOU CAN SEE A LIST OF THE
FEATURED SPEAKERS, AND THE
WORKSHOP IS AVAILABLE ON NIH
VIDEOCAST.
SO NOW TO TURN TO JUST A FEW
SCIENCE ADVANCES, IT IS VERY
IMPORTANT THAT WE CONTINUE
CONDUCTING THE SCIENCE NEEDED TO
ADVANCE THE NIH MISSION WITH
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM NIMHD.
AND I'VE SELECTED JUST SIX OF
MANY RECENT NIMHD SUPPORTED
PUBLICATIONS TO SHARE.
SO THIS STUDY EXPLORED THE LINK
BETWEEN RELIGION AND
SPIRITUALITY AND THE RISK OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIAS FOCUSED ON BLACK
ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES.
AND BLACK INDIVIDUALS HAVE THE
HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIAS COMPARED WITH OTHER
RACIAL AND/OR ETHNIC GROUPS, AND
THESE RESEARCHERS AIM TO
IDENTIFY FACTORS THAT COULD HELP
SLOW THE DISEASE OR IMPROVE
QUALITY OF LIFE.
SO USING DATA FROM THE HEALTH
AND RETIREMENT STUDY, THEY
ANALYZED WHETHER RELIGION AND
SPIRITUALITY INFLUENCES
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIA RISK EVEN AFTER
ACCOUNTING FOR FACTORS SUCH AS
HYPERTENSION, WHICH IS A KNOWN
RISK FACTOR FOR DEMENTIA.
SO AMONG THE KEY FINDINGS WERE
THAT BLACK ADULTS WHO NEVER
ATTENDED RELIGIOUS SERVICES HAD
OVER TWICE THE ODDS OF BEING
DIAGNOSED WITH ALZHEIMER'S
DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIA
COMPARED WITH THOSE WHO ATTENDED
MORE THAN ONCE PER WEEK.
AND THE MORE FREQU FREQUENTLY
INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATED IN
RELIGIOUS SERVICES, THERE WAS AN
ASSOCIATION WITH LOWER RISK FOR
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIA AND THERE WAS A REALLY
LINEAR DECREASE IN THE RISK, AND
REALLY ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED
AT10 DANCE.
A -- ATTENDANCE.
SO WHY IS THIS KIND OF STUDY AND
ITS FINDINGS IMPORTANT?
WELL, I THINK THESE RESULTS
HIGHLIGHT THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF
EXISTING CULTURAL NETWORKS SUCH
AS RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY IN
REDUCING THE PREVALENCE OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIA IN THIS POPULATION.
AND THE STUDY SUGGESTS THAT
RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY MAY
POSITIVELY IMPACT THE SYMPTOM
DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND OFFER
VALUABLE INSIGHTS INTO
NON-MEDICAL APPROACHES AS WE
THINK ABOUT BRAIN HEALTH.
LET'S GO TO ANOTHER EXAMPLE.
SO TOBACCO SMOKING REMAINS THE
SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT BEHAVIOR
THAT IS RELATED TO MORBIDITY AND
MORTALITY IN THE UNITED STATES,
EVEN THOUGH WE'VE BEEN
SUCCESSFUL IN OVER THE DECADES
HAVING SIGNIFICANT DECLINES IN
PARTICULARLY COMBUSTIBLE TOBACCO
USE.
THIS STUDY SUPPORTED BY NIMHD
EXAMINED SMOKING CESSATION
EFFORTS IN RURAL AMERICAN
COMMUNITIES WHERE TOBACCO
RELATED DISPARITIES ARE A
SIGNIFICANT CONCERN.
THESE RESEARCHERS ANALYZE DATA
FROM A LARGE NATIONAL HEALTH
STUDY TO UNDERSTAND HOW OFTEN
RURAL ADULTS WHO SMOKE DAILY
ATTEMPT TO QUIT, AND WHAT
FACTORS INFLUENCE THESE
ATTEMPTS.
AND SO WHAT THEY FOUND WAS THAT
ONLY ABOUT 25% OF RURAL ADULTS
WHO SMOKE MADE AN ATTEMPT TO
QUIT OVER THE PAST YEAR.
SO ALMOST 75% DID NOT ATTEMPT TO
QUIT.
AND THEY LOOKED AT THE FACTORS
THAT ARE RELATED TO INCREASING
THE LIKELIHOOD OF TRYING TO QUIT
AND WHAT THEY FOUND WAS
POSITIVELY RELATED TO TRYING TO
QUIT INCLUDING HIGHER EDUCATION,
THE USE OF E-CIGARETTES, IF
FAMILY AND FRIENDS DISAPPROVED
OF SMOKING, IF THE PERSON
REPORTED FREQUENT THOUGHTS ABOUT
THE HARMS OF TOBACCO USE, IF
THEY REPORTED POOR PHYSICAL
HEALTH, AND IF THEY HAD RECEIVED
A DOCTOR'S ADVICE TO QUIT
SMOKING.
ON THE OTHER HAND, WHO SMOKED
MORE CIGARETTES MORE OFTEN WERE
LESS LIKELY TO TRY TO QUIT.
WHAT'S BEING ADVISED BY A
CLINICIAN TO QUIT WAS RELATED TO
GREATER ODDS OF ATTEMPTING TO
QUIT, BUT FEWER THAN HALF OF
PARTICIPANTS REPORTED RECEIVING
THAT ADVICE TO QUIT SMOKING.
SO WHY IS A STUDY LIKE THIS
IMPORTANT?
TO EVER SUCCEED AT BECOMING
SMOKE-FREE, YOU HAVE TO FIRST
TRY TO QUIT.
AND SMOKING RATES IN RURAL
COMMUNITIES ARE GREATER THAN THE
NATIONAL AVERAGE, SO THIS KIND
OF STUDY HIGHLIGHTS THE URGENT
NEED FOR TARGETED INTERVENTIONS
IN RURAL COMMUNITIES WHERE
ACCESS TO CESSATION PROGRAMS,
ACCESS TO MEDICATIONS,
HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS REMAINS
LIMITED IN CERTAIN AREAS.
AND PUBLIC HEALTH EFFORTS SHOULD
THUS FOCUS ON TRAINING
HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS TO ADVISE
PATIENTS EFFECTIVELY, AND TO
ADDRESS CHALLENGES THAT MIGHT BE
ASSOCIATED WITH, FOR EXAMPLE,
USING MULTIPLE TOBACCO PRODUCTS.
I THINK IN ADDITION, THIS KINE
OF WORK POINTS TO FUTURE
RESEARCH DIRECTIONS SUCH AS
STUDYING STRATEGIES AND
INTERVENTIONS TO ELIMINATE
TOBACCO RELATED HEALTH
DISPARITIES AND SUPPORT PEOPLE
WHO SMOKE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES
IF THEY WISH TO QUIT.
SPEAKING OF INTERVENTION
STRATEGIES, SO SMOKING CESSATION
INTERVENTIONS ARE CRITICAL FOR
POPULATIONS EXPERIENCING HEALTH
DISPARITIES, PARTICULARLY AMONG
LOW INCOME INDIVIDUALS WHO MAY
BENEFIT FROM TARGETED SUPPORT.
HOWEVER, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
DIFFERENT INTERVENTION FORMATS
REMAINS UNCLEAR.
PARTICULARLY THIS IS IMPORTANT
TO THINK ABOUT AS VIRTUAL AND
HYBRID MODELS HAVE GAINED
POPULARITY AND WILL CONTINUE
LIKELY TO BE POPULAR.
SO THIS STUDY EXAMINED DIFFERENT
APPROACHES TO HELP LOWER INCOME
INDIVIDUALS QUIT SMOKING, AND SO
THE RESEARCHERS COMPARED THREE
TYPES OF INTERVENTION PROGRAMS,
A SELF-HELP GROUP IS ONE, AN
IN-PERSON SUPPORT GROUP WAS A
SECOND AND THEN THERE WAS A
VIRTUAL OR HYBRID PROGRAM.
THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN
COMMUNITY SETTINGS AND RANDOMLY
ASSIGNED PARTICIPANTS TO
DIFFERENT GROUPS.
AND THE MAIN GOAL WAS TO TEST
WHICH APPROACH LED TO THE
HIGHEST SUCCESS IN QUITTING
SMOKING.
AND THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE
IN-PERSON SUPPORT GROUP WAS THE
MOST EFFECTIVE.
SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASING THE
CHANCES OF QUITTING COMPARED
WITH PARTICULARLY THE SELF-HELP
APPROACH.
HOWEVER, THE VIRTUAL OR HYBRID
GROUP DID NOT SHOW A MAJOR
IMPROVEMENT OVER THE SELF-HELP
METHOD.
SO THESE FINDINGS SUGGESTED THAT
LOW INCOME ADULTS WHO WISH TO
QUIT SMOKING MAY BENEFIT MORE
FROM IN-PERSON SUPPORT PROGRAMS
THAT OFFER PEER MOTIVATION,
STRUCTURED GUIDANCE.
THE FINDINGS ALSO SUGGEST THAT
LOW INCOME ADULTS SEEKING HELP
QUITTING MAY NOT FULLY BENEFIT
FROM A VIRTUAL APPROACH TO
INTERVENTION.
THAT FORMAT.
OR MAYBE IT'S THAT THE CURRENT
CURRICULUM MAY NEED TO BE
ADAPTED TO BETTER SERVE THE
NEEDS IN A VIRTUAL FORMAT.
SO I THINK THE IMPORTANCE OF
THIS KIND OF STUDY, WE
DEFINITELY APPRECIATE
INTERVENTION RESEARCH, AND IT
HIGHLIGHTS THE IMPORTANCE OF
TAILORING SMOKING CESSATION
PROGRAMS OR TARGETING THEM TO
ENSURE THAT THEY WORK FOR ALL
COMMUNITY, ESPECIALLY THOSE
FACING LIMITED HEALTHCARE
ACCESS.
SO THIS STUDY EXAMINED HOW WELL
DOCTORS FOLLOW GUIDELINES WHEN
PRESCRIBING BLOOD PRESSURE
MEDICATIONS TO PATIENTS WHO HAVE
EXPERIENCED A STROKE.
AND SINCE GUIDELINE CONCORDANT
HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT IS
CRUCIAL FOR PREVENTING FUTURE
STROKES, THIS GROUP OF
RESEARCHERS ANALYZED TRENDS IN
MEDICATION CHOICES OVER A
10-YEAR PERIOD USING DATA FROM
THE FLORIDA STROKE REGISTRY.
AND THEY ASSESSED WHETHER
CLINICIANS ADHERED TO
RECOMMENDED TREATMENT GUIDELINES
SUCH AS USING SPECIFIC
MEDICATIONS FOR DIABETIC
PATIENTS OR PATIENTS WITH
DIABETES AND FOR BLACK PATIENTS
TO OPTIMIZE THEIR CARE.
THINGS LIKE PRESCRIBING
BETA-BLOCKERS ONLY WHEN
NECESSARY FOR THOSE WITH AN
EXISTING HEART CONDITION.
AND CHOOSING THE RIGHT FIRST
LINE MEDICATION FOR THE GENERAL
STROKE POPULATION.
THESE ARE SORT OF GUIDELINE
CONCORDANT CARE METRICS THAT
THEY WERE LOOKING AT.
AND THEY INCLUDED IN THEIR
ANALYSES OVER 265,000 PEOPLE WHO
HAD A STROKE, AND THEY FOUND
THAT ADHERENCE TO THESE
GUIDELINES RANGED FROM ABOUT 48
TO 74% WHICH IS BELOW THE 80%
QUALITY STANDARD.
THEY ALSO FOUND FOLLOWING THE
GUIDELINES OR THAT STANDARD OF
CARE WAS LOWER WHEN THE PATIENTS
WERE BLACK INDIVIDUALS OR WHEN
THE PATIENT WERE INDIVIDUALS
DIAGNOSED WITH ATRIAL
FIBRILLATION, ALSO PATIENTS WHO
WERE DIAGNOSED WITH DIABETES.
SO THESE FINDINGS HAVE IMPORTANT
IMPLICATIONS AS WELL FOR
ADDRESSING HEALTH DISPARITIES.
THEY INDICATE THAT WHILE WE HAVE
MADE SOME PROGRESS, THERE'S
STILL SIGNIFICANT ROOM TO
IMPROVE ADHERENCE TO
HYPERTENSION TREATMENT
GUIDELINES FOR ALL PATIENTS.
THESE RESEARCHERS EMPHASIZED THE
NEED FOR BETTER MONITORING AND
INTERVENTIONS TO ENSURE THAT
STROKE SURVIVORS, ALL STROKE
SURVIVORS RECEIVE OPTIMAL BLOOD
PRESSURE MANAGEMENT TO REDUCE
THEIR RISK OF FUTURE HEALTH
COMPLICATIONS.
SO IN AUGUST 2023, THE ISLAND OF
MOWRY IN H HAWAII HAD A WILDFIRE
THAT DISPLACED TENS OF THOUSANDS
OF PEOPLE AND THAT RESULTED IN
AT LEAST 100 DEATHS.
AND SINCE THE WILDFIRE, MAUI
REMAINS IN A MENTAL HEALTH
CRISIS.
BEFORE THE WILDFIRE IN JULY OF
2022, THE 988 SUICIDE AND CRISIS
LIFE LINE, IT'S CALLED
988 LIFELINE WAS LAUNCHED TO
PROVIDE REALTIME PSYCHOSOCIAL
SUPPORT AND MENTAL HEALTH
SERVICES FOR THE COMMUNITY.
SO IN THIS ANALYSIS THEY
COMPARED HAWAII WITH OTHER
STATES AND TERRITORIES AND THEY
ANALYZED 988 LIFELINE DATA --
CALL DATA, CALLS THAT CAME IN
BEFORE AND AFTER THE WILDFIRE TO
REALLY LOOK AT THE ASSOCIATION
WITH CALL VOLUME, WHICH WOULD
THEN REFLECT THE DEMAND FOR
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES AND YIELD
WHAT THEY LOOKED AT IN IN-STATE
CALL ANSWER RATE AND THOUGHT
ABOUT THAT AS A MEASURE OF
QUALITY AND SERVICE CAPACITY.
SO THEY GATHERED DATA FROM THE
988 SUICIDE AND CRISIS LIFELINE
CALLS FROM JULY 2022 THROUGH
AUGUST 2024, AND THEY COMPILED
THESE DATA FROM PUBLICLY
AVAILABLE STATE-BASED AND
NETWORK MONTHLY REPORTS, AND
THEIR PRIMARY OUTCOME WAS THE
CALL RATE PER 100,000 PERSONS IN
THE POPULATION.
AND THEY FOUND THAT THE CRISIS
LIFE LINE CALL RATE INCREASED
FROM A MONTHLY MEAN OF ABOUT 97,
98 CALLS PER 100,000 HAWAII
RESIDENTS DURING THE
PRE-WILDFIRE PERIOD TO 137 CALLS
PER 100 RESIDENTS IN THE
POPULATION IN THE POST WILDFIRE
PERIOD.
BUT THEY ALSO OBSERVED A
DECREASE IN CALL ANSWER RATES
OVER THAT TIME FROM ABOUT 90% OF
CALLS BEING ANSWERED TO 77%.
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?
I THINK THERE ARE MANY REASONS
BUT NOTABLY THE INCREASE IN
CALLS TO THE 988 LIFELINE
HIGHLIGHTED THE HIGH DEMAND FOR
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES AFTER THE
WILDFIRE, WHICH SIGNALS A MARKED
PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN.
AND THE PEOPLE OF MAUI IN THE
DIRECT AREA OF THE WILDFIRE AND
THE ENTIRE ISLAND ARE IN THE
MIDST STILL OF DEALING WITH THIS
DISASTER, WHICH SEEMS ONLY TO
HAVE EXACERBATED THE EXISTING
NEED FOR SERVICES IN MENTAL
HEALTH.
AND THESE AUTHORS NOTE THAT
MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS FROM
NEIGHBORING ISLANDS AND OUTSIDE
OF HAWAII HAVE REALLY HELPED
STEP IN TO HELP MEET THE DEMAND,
BUT IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT THAT
WE HAVE ON-ISLAND MENTAL
HEALTHCARE CAPACITY AS IT'S VERY
CRITICAL FOR THE LONG TERM
MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF
RESIDENTS.
I HAVE TWO MORE HIGHLIGHTS I
WANT TO SHARE.
SO THIS STUDY IS IN THE SPACE OF
BREAST CANCER, AND THEY EXAMINED
HOW BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS
COMPARED WITH WOMEN WITHOUT
CANCER, HOW THEY METAPHYSICAL
ACTIVITY GUIDELINES IN THE
UNITED STATES.
WHILE STAYING ACTIVE IS
IMPORTANT FOR OVERALL HEALTH,
PREVIOUS RESEARCH HAS DOCUMENTED
THAT CANCER SURVIVORS OFTEN HAVE
LOWER PARTICIPATION RATES IN
EXERCISE.
AND SO USING DATA FROM THE
NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY
BETWEEN 2004 AND 18, THESE
RESEARCHERS ANALYZED PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY LEVELS AMONG WOMEN AGED
35 AND OLDER TO IDENTIFY
PATTERNS BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC
AND SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND
THEY FOCUSED ON WHETHER
PARTICIPANTS MET RECOMMENDED
GUIDELINES FOR AEROBIC EXERCISE,
WHICH IS ABOUT 150 MINUTES PER
WEEK.
THEY ALSO LOOKED AT MUSCLE
STRENGTHENING EXERCISES ABOUT
TWO SESSIONS PER WEEK AND THEY
INCLUDED ALMOST 6,000 BREAST
CANCER SURVIVORS AND OVER 160
WOMEN WITHOUT CANCER.
AND WHAT THEY FOUND WAS THAT
ONLY ABOUT 38% OF BREAST CANCER
SURVIVORS MET AEROBIC EXERCISE
GUIDELINES COMPARED TO ABOUT 41%
OF WOMEN WITHOUT CANCER.
AND MUSCLE STRENGTHENING, THE
PARTICIPATION IN THE MUSCLE
STRENGTHENING EXERCISES WAS EVEN
LOWER ACROSS BOTH GROUPS.
THERE WERE DISPARITIES THAT WERE
EVIDENT HERE SO BREAST CANCER
SURVIVORS WHO WERE BLACK OR
LATINA OR LOW INCOME WERE LESS
LIKELY TO MEET THESE EXERCISE
RECOMMENDATIONS.
THOSE WHO WERE YOUNGER THAN 50,
WHO WORKED FULL TIME, WHO RENTED
THEIR HOME, THESE WERE GROUPS
THAT WERE ALSO LESS LIKELY TO
MEET THE EXERCISE
RECOMMENDATIONS.
SO WHY IS THIS RESEARCH
IMPORTANT?
WHAT DOES IT TELL US?
WELL, BREAST CANCER IS ONE OF
THE MOST COMMON TYPES AMONG
FEMALES AND FIVE YEAR AND LONGER
SURVIVAL CAN BE IMPROVED WITH
LIFESTYLE CHANGES SUCH AS ECKER
SEISEXERCISE AND THESE SUGGEST T
BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS
EXPERIENCE CHALLENGES
PARTICULARLY FROM THOSE SPECIFIC
GROUPS SO KNOWING WHO THESE
SURVIVORS ARE HELPS US, IT MAKES
US MORE LIKELY TO UNDERSTAND THE
NEEDS AROUND TARGETED
INTERVENTIONS TO INCREASE
EXERCISE PARTICIPATION AMONG
THESE CANCER SURVIVORS AND TO
ADDRESS DISPARITIES IN ACCESS,
FOR EXAMPLE, TO FITNESS
OPPORTUNITIES.
SO WE'LL KEEP TRACKING THAT.
SO THIS IS THE LAST SCIENCE
ADVANCE THAT I WANTED TO SHARE
TODAY.
AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, THE
ALL-OF-US RESEARCH PROGRAM I
ADVANCES RESEARCH ON
PERSONALIZED MEDICINE THROUGH
THE COLLECTION OF DATA FROM
VOLUNTEER PARTICIPANTS WHO
RESIDE IN THE U.S.
THE PROGRAM HAS REALLY
EMPHASIZED RECRUITING
PARTICIPANTS ACROSS DEMOGRAPHIC
CATEGORIES TO MAKE THIS COHORT
UNIQUE AND TO MAKE ALL-OF-US AN
EFFECTIVE PLATFORM FOR
INVESTIGATING HEALTH
DISPARITIES.
IN THIS PAPER, THE REACHERS
ANALYZED PARTICIPANTS EHL,
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD DATA TO
IDENTIFY DISEASES AND CATEGORIES
IN THE ALL-OF-US COHORT FOR
WHICH RACIAL AND/OR ETHNIC
PREVALENCE DISPARITIES CAN BE
OBSERVED.
SO IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE
ANALYSES, THEY DEVELOPED A
BROWSER AND IT'S CALLED THE U.S.
HEALTH DISPARITIES BROWSER.
IT AN INTERACTIVE WEB
APPLICATION THAT THEY DEVELOPED
THAT ENABLES USERS TO VISUALIZE
DIFFERENCES IN RACE AND/OR
ETHNIC GROUP-SPECIFIC PREVALENCE
ESTIMATES AND THEY HAVE OVER
1700 DIFFERENT DISEASES IN THE
BROWSER.
SO I LOOKED AT IT, AND WHEN YOU
VISIT THE SITE, THE EP WEB
APPLICATION HAS A CATALOG OF THE
DISEASES THAT ARE REPRESENTED IN
THE BROWSER, AND THEN YOU CAN
CLICK AND SORT, IT'S VERY
USER-FRIENDLY AND YOU CAN LOOK
AT THE OVERALL PREVALENCE AS
WELL AS THE PREVALENCE AND HOW
IT VARIES ACROSS RACIAL AND
ETHNIC GREUNS.
SO GROUPS.THIS IS ANOTHER RESOUE
SPECIFICALLY FROM ALL-OF-US DATA
THAT CAN BE EXPLORED TO IDENTIFY
HEALTH DISPARITIES AS WELL AS
GENERATE IDEAS FOR RESEARCH TO
UNDERSTAND AND ADDRESS THEM.
LAST BUT NOT LEAST, I WANT TO
CONGRATULATION THE RECIPIENTS OF
THE 2025 WILLIAM G. COLEMAN JR.
PH.D. MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH
DISPARITIES RESEARCH INNOVATION
AWARD.
THIS COMPETITIVE AWARD PROGRAM
HONORS DR. COLEMAN, A
DISTINGUISHED MEMBER OF THE
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND THE
FIRST SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR OF
NIMHD'S INTRAMURAL RESEARCH
PROGRAM WHO DEDICATED HIMSELF TO
MENTORING AND TRAINING FUTURE
SCIENTISTS IN THIS RESEARCH
DISCIPLINE.
SO THIS PROGRAM SUPPORTS ONE
YEAR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH
PROJECTS CONDUCTED BY
POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS, STAFF
SCIENTISTS AND CLINICIANS WITHIN
THE NIH INTRAMURAL RESEARCH
PROGRAM.
PRODUCTS ARE SELECTED THAT HAVE
HYPOTENSION FOR IMPACT THROUGH
THEIR HEALTH DISPARITIES
RESEARCH.
SO CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL OF THE
FELLOWS.
SO NOW WE CAN OPEN THE FLOOR IF
THERE ARE ANY COMMENTS OR
QUESTIONS FROM OUR
COUNCILMEMBERS.
>> RAISE YOUR HAND AND TURN YOUR
CAMERA ON OR PUT A MESSAGE IN
THE CHAT BOX THAT YOU HAVE A
QUESTION.
CHAU TRINH-SHEVRIN IS OUR FIRST
QUESTION.
>> FIRST OF ALL, I JUST WANT TO
CONGRATULATE MONICA AND OTHERS.
WONDERFUL TO SEE THE WRECK
FLITION ARECOGNITIONAND THE AWA.
WONDERFUL.
JUST A GENERAL COMMENT, I THINK
YOU UNDERSCORE HOW REALLY
IMPORTANT IT IS TO GET THAT
INFORMATION CONTEXTUALLY ACROSS
DIFFERENT SUBGROUPS ACROSS
POPULATIONS IN ORDER TO REALLY
OPTIMIZE EFFECTIVENESS AND THE
REACH OF DIFFERENT
EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS, SO
I THINK THE EXAMPLES THAT YOU
SHARED WERE JUST REALLY
TREMENDOUS.
SO WONDERFUL WORK.
THANK YOU.
>> THANKS FOR BEING HERE,
APPRECIATE YOUR SUPPORT.
>> LOOKING AT THE CHAT, DO WE
HAVE ANY OTHER COUNCILMEMBERS
THAT HAVE A QUESTION?
GOING TWICE.
I SEE NO RAISED HANDS.
I SEE NOTHING IN THE CHAT BOX.
DR. MONICA WEBB HOOPER, I WANT
TO THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR A
WONDERFUL PRESENTATION.
AND WE'RE GOING TO KEEP MOVING
ON.
>> THANK YOU.
>> OUR NEXT PRESENTER WILL BE
DR. NATHAN STINSON.
>> THANK YOU.
CAN WE PULL UP THE SLIDES?
I'M GOING TO GIVE THE TRIENNIAL
REPORT ON INCLUSION IN CLINICAL
RESEARCH FOR NIMHD.
IT COVERS THE YEARS OF 2022 TO
2024.
HISTORY AND GOALS.
THE PURPOSE OF NIH INCLUSION
POLICIES ARE TO ENSURE THE
DISTRIBUTION OF STUDY
PARTICIPANTS BY SEX, RACE,
ETHNICITY AND AGE REFLECT THES E
POPULATION NEEDED TO ACCOMPLISH
THE SCIENTIFIC GOALS, RATHER
THAN MEETING A PARTICULAR NUMBER
OF PARTICIPANTS IN A PROJECT.
THE INCLUSION SHOULD BE
SCIENTIFICALLY APPROPRIATE AND
REALISTIC.
YOU NEED TO CONSIDER EXTERNAL
VALIDITY, AND EVERY STUDY DOES
NOT NECESSARILY NEED TO INCLUDE
EVERY GROUP, AND THE DATA THAT
IS PRESENTED IN THE TRIENNIAL
REPORT IS ONLY PROSPECTIVE.
THERE'S NO EXISTING DATA.
SO SECONDARY STUDIES THAT MAY BE
SUPPORTED BY NIH ARE NOT
INCLUDED IN THE ENROLLMENT
INFORMATION BECAUSE MANY OF
THESE STUDIES ARE VERY, VERY
LARGE.
THEY WOULD TEND TO SKEW THE
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS IN NIH
RESEARCH.
A COUPLE OF IMPORTANT MILESTONES
WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT THE
INCLUSION, THE NIH
REVITALIZATION ACT OF 1993
REALLY PROVIDED UNDERPINNINGS
FOR THE REQUIREMENT OF INCLUSION
OF WOMEN AND RACIAL/ETHNIC
MINORITIES IN NIH SUPPORTED
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN A MANNER
THAT IS APPROPRIATE TO THE
SCIENTIFIC QUESTION.
ALSO PHASE III CLINICAL TRIALS
SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO PRODUCE
ESTIMATES OF DIFFERENCES IN
OUTCOMES BASED ON SEX AND RACE.
SO CALLED VALID ANALYSIS.
THE 21ST CENTURY CURES ACT OF
2016 ALSO PROVIDED THE
REQUIREMENT THAT VALID ANALYSIS
FOR PHASE III CLINICAL TRIALS BE
REPORTED IN CLINICALTRIALS.GOV.
ALSO THE PUBLICATION OF SEX,
RACE, AND ETHNICITY INCLUSION
DATA IN NIH'S RESEARCH,
CONDITION AND DISEASE
CLASSIFICATION ALSO KNOWN AS
RCDC STATISTICS REPORT AND ALSO
REVISIONS TO THE INCLUSION OF
CHILDREN POLICY IN NIH FUNDED
RESEARCH.
THE NIH INCLUSION ACROSS THE
LIFESPAN POLICY REQUIRED
INDIVIDUALS FOR ALL AGES TO BE
INCLUDED IN NIH HUMAN SUBJECT
RESEARCH UNLESS THERE WAS A
SCIENTIFIC OR AN ETHICAL REASON
NOT TO DO SO, AND ALSO REQUIRED
THE SUBMISSION OF INDIVIDUAL
LEVEL DATA ON THE PARTICIPANT
AGE AT ENROLLMENT IN SUBSEQUENT
PROGRESS REPORTS.
THE 21ST CENTURY CURES ACT ALSO
REQUIRED THE INSTITUTES AND
CENTERS AT NIH TO REPORT DATA ON
INCLUSION TRIENNIALLY.
THE REPORTS ARE INCLUDED IN THE
NIH DIRECTOR'S REPORT TO
CONGRESS AND AS I MENTIONED
EARLIER, THIS CURRENT REPORT
INCLUDES DATA FOR FISCAL YEARS
2022, 2023 AND 2024.
SO I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT -- OR
I'VE KIND OF SEPARATED THE DATA
IN TWO SEPARATE AREAS.
ONE IS TALKING ABOUT THE
INCLUSION RECORDS, THINK ABOUT
THEM AS ENROLLMENT TABLES.
IT'S A NUMBER OF STUDIES THAT
ARE REALLY SUPPORTED BY NIMHD,
AND THEN I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT
THE ACTUAL ENROLLMENT OF
PARTICIPANTS.
ADDITIVE DATA FOR FISCAL 2022 TO
2024 IS PROVIDED TO THE
INSTITUTES AND CENTERS BY THE
NIH OFFICE OF EXTRAMURAL
RESEARCH THROUGH THE HUMAN
SUBJECTS SYSTEM.
THE HUMAN SUBJECTS SYSTEM IS
NIH'S CENTRALIZED DATABASE FOR
COLLECTING AND STORING
INFORMATION RELEVANT TO THEIR
HUMAN SUBJECTS RESEARCH THAT
THEY'RE SUPPORTING.
SO THIS FIRST TABLE IS THE TOTAL
INCLUSION RECORDS FOR BOTH
EXTRAMURAL AND INTRAMURAL
RESEARCH SUPPORTED BY NIMHD.
YOU CAN SEE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF
RECORDS INCREASED STEADILY OVER
THE THREE-YEAR PERIOD.
THIS MAY BE REFLECTIVE TO THE
INCREASE IN THE NIH'S BUDGET --
EXCUSE ME -- IN THE NIMHD BUDGET
OVER THAT PARTICULAR TIME
PERIOD.
THIS SHOWS THE STUDY RECORDS FOR
NIMHD SUPPORTED PHASE THREE
CLINICAL TRIALS.
THE NUMBER OF RECORDS FLUCTUATED
SOMEWHAT FROM 9 IN 2022 TO 23 IN
2023, AND 13 IN 2024.
AS I MENTIONED, NIH POLICIES
ALSO REQUIRE VALID ANALYSIS,
WHERE IT'S IMPORTANT TO THE
PARTICULAR HEALTH OUTCOMES, AND
THIS CHART SHOWS THAT THE VAST
MAJORITY ANYWHERE FROM, YOU
KNOW, 74% TO 100% OVER THE YEARS
OF THE NIMHD SUPPORTED PHASE
THREE CLINICAL TRIALS REQUIRED A
VALID ANALYSIS. I'M GOING TO
TALK ABOUT ENROLLMENT.
THIS IS KIND OF A BUSY SLIDE.
IT'S DIFFICULT TO GET ALL THE
INFORMATION ON TO A SINGLE SLIDE
BASED ON THE REPORTS THAT COME
OUT OF THE HSS SYSTEM BUT I
WANTED TO MAKE SEVERAL VERY
SPECIFIC POINTS.
FIRST, THE TOTAL ENROLLMENT IN
NIMHD SUPPORTED STUDIES
INCREASED FROM 66,407 IN FY 2022
TO 164,000 IN 2024.
AFRICAN AMERICANS IS THE MOST
PREVALENT GROUP THAT
PARTICIPATED IN THE CLINICAL
RESEARCH.
IT'S ALSO NOTED IN THE CHART
THAT THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT
INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS WITH UNKNOWN
INFORMATION, AND THIS MAY BE DUE
TO THE INCREASING USE OF
INTERNET-BASED STUDIES OR
STUDIES USING THE ELECTRONIC
HEALTH RECORDS WHERE
PARTICIPANTS MAY NOT PROVIDE
ACTUAL INFORMATION ON RACE.
WITH THE EXCEPTION OF FY 22,
ENROLLMENT OF WOMEN WAS ALMOST
TWO TIMES THAT OF MEN.
ONE OF THE OTHER THINGS I WANTED
TO NOTE WAS THAT THE ENROLLMENT
OF AMERICAN INDIAN ALASKA NATIVE
AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND PACIFIC
ISLANDERS INCREASED TWO TO THREE
TIMES OVER THE THREE-YEAR
PERIOD.
SIGNIFICANTLY, THERE WAS A VERY
LARGE INCREASE IN THE ENROLLMENT
OF NATIVE HAWAIIAN PACIFIC
ISLANDERS BETWEEN 2023 TO 2024,
ALMOST A DOUBLING OF THAT
PARTICULAR POPULATION.
WHEN WE LOOK AT HISPANIC
ENROLLMENT, THE OVERALL
PERCENTAGE OF MINORITY
ENROLLMENT IN THE INSTITUTE
STUDIES WAS PRETTY STEADY,
SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 60 AND 70%
RANGE.
THE HISPANIC ENROLLMENT AVERAGED
APPROXIMATELY 24%, WHICH WAS
ONLY SLIGHTLY LOWER THAN THE
PERCENTAGE OF AFRICAN AMERICANS
IN CLINICAL RESEARCH.
AS FAR AS THE PHASE III CLINICAL
TRIALS ARE CONCERNED, THE TOTAL
ENROLLMENT INCREASED -- EXCUSE
ME -- DECREASED IN FY 2023 WHERE
IT WAS 690 TO 535 IN FY 2024,
BUT THE PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN
SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED FROM
APPROXIMATELY 58% IN PHASE III
CLINICAL TRIALS TO 84%.
THIS CHART HERE SHOWS THE
ENROLLMENT IN PHASE III CLINICAL
TRIALS BY ETHNICITY AND THE
POINT OF NOTE ON THIS CHART IS
THAT THE NUMBER OF HISPANICS
PARTICIPATING IN PHASE III
CLINICAL TRIALS INCREASED FROM
41 IN 2023 TO 118 IN 2024.
I THINK I HAVE ONE LAST SLIDE.
I JUST WANTED TO PUT THIS ONE
LAST SLIDE HERE.
THIS IS U.S. ENROLLMENT OF NIH
FUNDED CLINICAL RESEARCH, NIMHD
IN COMPARISON TO NIH.
AS YOU CAN SEE BY THE CHART, THE
ENROLLMENT BY THE DIFFERENT
RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS IS HIGHER
THAN IT IS FOR NIH AS A WHOLE.
I DON'T THINK THAT'S SURPRISING
TO ANYBODY UNDERSTANDING OUR
MISSION AND OUR GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES AND THE TYPE OF
RESEARCH THAT WE SUPPORT.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH, AND I'M
HAPPY TO ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS.
>> OKAY, COUNCILMEMBERS, WE'RE
GOING TO USE THE SAME PROCEDURE.
YOU HAVE A QUESTION REGARDING TO
THE TRIENNIAL COLLUSION REPORT,
PLEASE TURN YOUR CAMERA ON,
RAISE YOUR HAND, AND/OR PUT A
MESSAGE IN THE CHAT THAT YOU
HAVE A QUESTION.
YOU DON'T HAVE TO WRITE THE
QUESTION DOWN.
I SEE NO HANDS.
I SEE NO CAMERAS COMING ON.
TWICE.
THREE TIMES.
MOVING ON.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH,
DR. STINSON.
NOW, COUNCILMEMBERS, I COME TO
YOU WITH A REQUEST.
WITH YOUR APPROVAL, THE NATIONAL
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON MINORITY
HEALTH DISPARITIES WILL CONVENE
A WORKING GROUP CHARGED WITH
CONDUCTING A COMPREHENSIVE
FORWARD LOOKING REVIEW OF THE
DIVISION OF CLINICAL AND HEALTH
SERVICES RESEARCH AT NIMHD
SUPPORTS A COMPREHENSIVE RANGE
OF CLINICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH
SERVICES RESEARCH TO GENERATE
NEW KNOWLEDGE TO IMPROVE HEALTH,
CLINICAL OUTCOMES, AND QUALITY
OF HEALTHCARE FOR POPULATIONS
THAT EXPERIENCE HEALTH AND
HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES.
THE REVIEW WILL EXAMINE
PUBLISHED FUNDING OPPORTUNITY
ANNOUNCEMENTS ON KEY SCIENTIFIC
AREAS.
THE FUNDED RESEARCH PORTFOLIO,
IE, EXTRAMURAL GRANTS,
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS AND
TRAINING AWARDS OVER THE PAST
FIVE YEARS AS WELL AS ASSESSING
THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF
RESEARCH FINDINGS AND
DISSEMINATION EFFORTS.
THE REVIEW WILL ALSO EVALUATE
ALIGNMENT WITH THE STATE OF THE
SCIENCE, THE GOALS INCLUDED IN
THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH
DISPARITIES STRATEGIC PLAN 2021
TO 2025.
GOAL ONE, TO EXPAND KNOWLEDGE OF
THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE
HEALTHCARE IN POPULATIONS WITH
HEALTH DISPARITIES INCLUDING
ETIOLOGIES OF DISPARITIES IN
HEALTH CAROL OR CLINICAL
OUTCOMES AND THEIR REDUCTION.
GOAL TWO, TO FACILITATE RESEARCH
ON EFFECTIVE PREVENTION,
DIAGNOSTIC MANAGEMENT AND
TREATMENT STRATEGIES THAT BRIDGE
INDIVIDUALS, POPULATIONS,
CLINICAL PRACTICE AND HEALTHCARE
SYSTEM FACTORS.
GOAL THREE, TO PROMOTE RESEARCH
TO UNDERSTAND AND IMPROVE
QUALITY OF CARE, QUALITY OF
LIFE, AND PATIENT SAFETY AMONG
POPULATIONS WITH HEALTHCARE
DISPARITIES.
IF APPROVED, THIS WORKING GROUP
WILL SUBMIT A REPORT SUMMARIZING
THE FINDINGS OF THE REVIEW,
RESEARCH GAPS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING
OPPORTUNITIES TO ADVANCE THE
STATE OF THE KNOWLEDGE
INTERVENTIONS AND TRANSLATION,
CLINICAL, HEALTH SERVICE
RESEARCH APPROACHES.
WORKING GROUP MEMBERS WILL
INCLUDE SELECTED COUNCILMEMBERS
AS WELL AS INDIVIDUALS WITH
APPROPRIATE EXPERTISE FROM THE
EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY.
THE WORKING GROUP WILL ADVISE
THE ADVISORY COUNCIL AND THE
NIMHD DIRECTOR.
COUNCILMEMBERS, IF YOU APPROVE
THE FORMATION OF THIS WORKING
GROUP, PLEASE PUT "YES" IN THE
CHAT.
IF YOU DO NOT APPROVE, PLEASE
PUT "NO" IN THE CHAT.
IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, NOW IS
THE TIME TO -- OKAY -- TO ASK
ANY QUESTIONS THAT YOU MAY HAVE.
WE HAVE FIVE OF OUR SIX VOTING
MEMBERS HAVE APPROVED THE
FORMATION OF THE WORKING GROUP.
SO WE HAVE BEEN APPROVED TO FORM
A WORKING GROUP.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR
APPROVAL.
NOW I'M GOING TO TURN THE
MEETING BACK OVER TO DR. MONICA
WEBB FOR HER CLOSING REMARKS AND
ADJOURNMENT OF THE OPEN SESSION.
>> THANK YOU, PAUL.
CAN YOU SEE ME?
>> I CAN SEE YOU.
>> OKAY.
FOR SOME REASON IT'S JUST ON MY
END THEN.
WELL, I WANT TO, BEFORE WE CLOSE
MEETING, JUST THANK YOU ALL FOR
ATTENDING AND FOR BEING WILLING
TO ADJUST YOUR SCHEDULES AND FOR
APPROVING THE FORMATION OF THIS
NEW WORKING GROUP WHICH WE THINK
WILL BE REALLY IMPORTANT FOR
REVIEWING OUR DIVISION OF HEALTH
SERVICES RESEARCH.
SO WE LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING ON
THAT IN THE DAYS TO COME, AND I
WILL OFFICIALLY ADJOURN THE
MEETING, HERE'S MY GAVEL, HIT
THE GAVEL, AND THE MEETING IS
ADJOURNED.
THANK YOU, EVERYONE.
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
WE WILL TAKE A 30-MINUTE BREAK
AND WE WILL COME BACK FOR THE
CLOSED SESSION OF THE ADVISORY
COUNCIL.
WE WILL REMOVE INDIVIDUALS FROM
THE MEETING BEFORE WE START THE
CLOSED SESSION IF YOU HAVE NOT
REMOVED YOURSELF.
AND YOU ARE NOT PART OF THE
CLOSED SESSION MEETING.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU, PAUL.