1
00:00:06,607 --> 00:00:07,642
>> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.

2
00:00:07,642 --> 00:00:12,547
WELCOME TO THE NIMHD DIR

3
00:00:12,547 --> 00:00:13,347
SEMINAR.

4
00:00:13,347 --> 00:00:16,050
I'M YOUR HOST AND SCIENTIFIC

5
00:00:16,050 --> 00:00:17,251
DIRECTOR OF THE NIMHD DIVISION

6
00:00:17,251 --> 00:00:19,120
OF INTRAMURAL RESEARCH.

7
00:00:19,120 --> 00:00:20,788
TODAY I AM VERY EXCITED TO BRING

8
00:00:20,788 --> 00:00:22,724
YOU OUR SPEAKER.

9
00:00:22,724 --> 00:00:24,125
NOW BEFORE I GO ON, I JUST WANT

10
00:00:24,125 --> 00:00:26,994
TO WISH EVERYBODY AN EARLY

11
00:00:26,994 --> 00:00:29,864
VALENTINE'S DAY, HOPE YOU HAVE A

12
00:00:29,864 --> 00:00:31,032
SWEET DAY TOMORROW.

13
00:00:31,032 --> 00:00:31,933
OUR SPEAKER TODAY IS

14
00:00:31,933 --> 00:00:34,802
DR. LILIANNA PHAN, WHO IS A

15
00:00:34,802 --> 00:00:37,805
SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENTIST

16
00:00:37,805 --> 00:00:46,681
FOCUSED ON -- SHE UTILIZES

17
00:00:46,681 --> 00:00:49,217
COMMUNITY ENGAGED MIXED

18
00:00:49,217 --> 00:00:50,618
METHOD -- APPROACHES TO

19
00:00:50,618 --> 00:00:51,719
UNDERSTANDING PSYCHOLOGICAL AND

20
00:00:51,719 --> 00:00:54,122
SOCIAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH

21
00:00:54,122 --> 00:00:55,990
COMMERCIAL TOBACCO USE AND TO

22
00:00:55,990 --> 00:00:57,492
DEVELOP HEALTH EDUCATION

23
00:00:57,492 --> 00:00:58,593
INTERVENTION.

24
00:00:58,593 --> 00:01:04,499
HER ONGOING NIH FDA FUNDED AWARD

25
00:01:04,499 --> 00:01:07,001
K99/R00 FOCUSES ON DEVELOPING

26
00:01:07,001 --> 00:01:08,970
CIGARETTE SMOKING PREVENTION

27
00:01:08,970 --> 00:01:11,105
MESSAGES AMONG BLACK YOUNG

28
00:01:11,105 --> 00:01:17,311
ADULTS.

29
00:01:17,311 --> 00:01:19,814
 -- AMONG RACIALLY MINORITIZED

30
00:01:19,814 --> 00:01:20,715
POPULATIONS, PARTICULARLY YOUNG

31
00:01:20,715 --> 00:01:21,682
ADULTS, BOTH LOCALLY AND

32
00:01:21,682 --> 00:01:23,751
NATIONALLY.

33
00:01:23,751 --> 00:01:24,852
DR. PHAN IS AN ASSISTANT

34
00:01:24,852 --> 00:01:26,053
PROFESSOR AT DREXEL UNIVERSITY

35
00:01:26,053 --> 00:01:28,656
THROUGH THE NIH COMMON FUND

36
00:01:28,656 --> 00:01:29,991
FACULTY INSTITUTIONAL

37
00:01:29,991 --> 00:01:33,060
RECRUITMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE

38
00:01:33,060 --> 00:01:35,196
TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM, THE

39
00:01:35,196 --> 00:01:37,965
FIRST PROGRAM, AT DREXEL

40
00:01:37,965 --> 00:01:38,733
UNIVERSITY.

41
00:01:38,733 --> 00:01:40,601
THE NIH FIRST PROGRAM AIMS TO

42
00:01:40,601 --> 00:01:44,872
ENHANCE AND MAINTAIN CULTURES OF

43
00:01:44,872 --> 00:01:48,576
INCLUSIVE LENS IN THE COMMUNITY.

44
00:01:48,576 --> 00:01:50,678
SHE COMPLETED POSTDOCTORAL

45
00:01:50,678 --> 00:01:53,447
TRAINING AT NIMHD DIVISION OF

46
00:01:53,447 --> 00:01:54,916
INTRAMURAL RESEARCH THROUGH THE

47
00:01:54,916 --> 00:01:56,017
INTRAMURAL RESEARCH TRAIN AIG

48
00:01:56,017 --> 00:01:56,784
WARD.

49
00:01:56,784 --> 00:02:01,189
AND SHE RECEIVED THE 2022

50
00:02:01,189 --> 00:02:04,892
RESEARCH INNOVATION AWARD, AND

51
00:02:04,892 --> 00:02:06,961
ALSO THE NIH SUMMER RESEARCH

52
00:02:06,961 --> 00:02:08,396
MENTOR AWARD FOR THREE

53
00:02:08,396 --> 00:02:10,231
CONSECUTIVE YEARS.

54
00:02:10,231 --> 00:02:11,899
NOW ONE LITTLE LAST THING I

55
00:02:11,899 --> 00:02:15,503
WOULD ADD IS THAT I HAD THE

56
00:02:15,503 --> 00:02:19,307
FORTUNE TO ME MENTOR DR. PHAN AD

57
00:02:19,307 --> 00:02:23,511
SHE IS DELIGHTFUL AND ALSO HAS A

58
00:02:23,511 --> 00:02:25,112
VERY, VERY STRONG COMMITMENT TO

59
00:02:25,112 --> 00:02:27,315
HEALTH DISPARITY RESEARCH.

60
00:02:27,315 --> 00:02:32,153
SO I'M VERY HAPPY TO HAVE HER

61
00:02:32,153 --> 00:02:34,655
TODAY AND I HOPE YOU ALL ENJOY

62
00:02:34,655 --> 00:02:35,623
HER PRESENTATION.

63
00:02:35,623 --> 00:02:38,559
WITHOUT FURTHER ADO, THE PODIUM

64
00:02:38,559 --> 00:02:38,926
IS YOURS.

65
00:02:38,926 --> 00:02:40,194
>>  THANK YOU FOR THAT
GENEROUS

66
00:02:40,194 --> 00:02:40,761
AND WARM WELCOME.

67
00:02:40,761 --> 00:02:42,496
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME,

68
00:02:42,496 --> 00:02:43,631
AND I'M VERY APPRECIATIVE OF

69
00:02:43,631 --> 00:02:44,465
THIS OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE MORE

70
00:02:44,465 --> 00:02:46,133
ABOUT OUR RESEARCH THROUGH THE

71
00:02:46,133 --> 00:02:54,242
COLEMAN AWARD.

72
00:02:54,242 --> 00:02:55,509
I'D LIKE TO START OFF OUR TIME

73
00:02:55,509 --> 00:02:57,178
TOGETHER BY FIRST ACKNOWLEDGING

74
00:02:57,178 --> 00:02:59,247
DR. COLEMAN AND HIS LEGACY.

75
00:02:59,247 --> 00:03:00,982
DR. COLEMAN WAS THE FIRST

76
00:03:00,982 --> 00:03:02,750
PERMANENT AFRICAN AMERICAN

77
00:03:02,750 --> 00:03:04,952
SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR AT NIH

78
00:03:04,952 --> 00:03:08,322
THROUGH THE NIMHD DIR, AND

79
00:03:08,322 --> 00:03:09,790
DR. COLEMAN WAS KNOWN FOR HIS

80
00:03:09,790 --> 00:03:11,158
BELIEF IN THE POWER OF

81
00:03:11,158 --> 00:03:11,826
MENTORSHIP.

82
00:03:11,826 --> 00:03:13,261
AND ALTHOUGH I NEVER HAD AN

83
00:03:13,261 --> 00:03:15,563
OPPORTUNITY TO MEET DR. COLEMAN

84
00:03:15,563 --> 00:03:18,833
WITH HIS PASSING IN 2014,

85
00:03:18,833 --> 00:03:20,601
THROUGH READING OTHER PEOPLE'S

86
00:03:20,601 --> 00:03:21,535
STORIES ABOUT HIM AND LEARNING

87
00:03:21,535 --> 00:03:23,738
MORE ABOUT HIS VALUES AS A

88
00:03:23,738 --> 00:03:25,406
SCIENTIST, I REALLY HAVE COME TO

89
00:03:25,406 --> 00:03:29,577
REFLECT THAT I'VE BE BENEFITED M

90
00:03:29,577 --> 00:03:33,080
HIS VISION OF TRAINING FUTURE

91
00:03:33,080 --> 00:03:33,481
SCIENTISTS.

92
00:03:33,481 --> 00:03:35,983
UNDER HIS LEADERSHIP, THE

93
00:03:35,983 --> 00:03:38,185
PROGRAM FOCUSED ON CANCER,

94
00:03:38,185 --> 00:03:40,821
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AND

95
00:03:40,821 --> 00:03:43,090
DIABETES, WHICH ALL THREE,

96
00:03:43,090 --> 00:03:44,325
TOBACCO USE PRESENTS A HIGHER

97
00:03:44,325 --> 00:03:48,462
RISK FOR.

98
00:03:48,462 --> 00:03:52,300
SO MY FOCUS ON TOBACCO CONTROL

99
00:03:52,300 --> 00:03:54,602
RESEARCH IS REALLY GROUNDED IN

100
00:03:54,602 --> 00:03:56,337
THIS IDEA THAT IF WE CAN MOVE

101
00:03:56,337 --> 00:03:58,072
THE NEEDLE AND ADDRESS TOBACCO

102
00:03:58,072 --> 00:04:01,909
USE DISPARITIES, WE CAN ALSO

103
00:04:01,909 --> 00:04:03,711
HELP WITH CANCER AND CHRONIC

104
00:04:03,711 --> 00:04:05,313
DISEASES.

105
00:04:05,313 --> 00:04:08,249
MY WORK IS ALSO GROUNDED IN THE

106
00:04:08,249 --> 00:04:09,383
IDEA THAT COMMERCIAL TOBACCO USE

107
00:04:09,383 --> 00:04:12,420
IS TRULY A SOCIAL JUSTICE ISSUE.

108
00:04:12,420 --> 00:04:16,457
AND SO THINKING BACK TO 1954,

109
00:04:16,457 --> 00:04:20,194
WITH THE FRANK STATEMENT TO

110
00:04:20,194 --> 00:04:22,797
CIGARETTE SMOKERS, THROUGH THE

111
00:04:22,797 --> 00:04:25,666
TOBACCO INDUSTRY AND ALSO THE

112
00:04:25,666 --> 00:04:27,835
PUBLIC MANIPULATION OF

113
00:04:27,835 --> 00:04:30,471
PERCEPTIONS WHERE THE TOBACCO

114
00:04:30,471 --> 00:04:32,773
INDUSTRY REALLY KIND OF CREATED

115
00:04:32,773 --> 00:04:35,843
THE VICTIM BLAMING NARRATIVE TO

116
00:04:35,843 --> 00:04:38,245
DEFLECT BLAME FROM INDIVIDUALS

117
00:04:38,245 --> 00:04:40,982
TO WHAT WE HAVE MORE PRESENT

118
00:04:40,982 --> 00:04:44,251
DAY, WITH JUUL SENDING MILLIONS

119
00:04:44,251 --> 00:04:45,453
TO PROMOTE E-CIGARETTES.

120
00:04:45,453 --> 00:04:47,321
SO THOSE VALUES AND THAT

121
00:04:47,321 --> 00:04:52,560
BACKGROUND REALLY KIND OF

122
00:04:52,560 --> 00:04:56,163
EMPLPROVIDES A CONTEXT.

123
00:04:56,163 --> 00:04:57,164
BUT LET'S START TALKING MORE

124
00:04:57,164 --> 00:04:58,866
ABOUT CIGAR SMOKING IN THE

125
00:04:58,866 --> 00:04:59,867
UNITED STATES.

126
00:04:59,867 --> 00:05:02,636
USING DATA THROUGH THE NATIONAL

127
00:05:02,636 --> 00:05:03,304
CANCER INSTITUTE TREND REPORT,

128
00:05:03,304 --> 00:05:06,240
ON THE LEFT HERE, YOU SEE THE

129
00:05:06,240 --> 00:05:09,076
FIGURE SHOWING THAT WE'VE MADE

130
00:05:09,076 --> 00:05:12,346
TREMENDOUS DECLINES FROM 1965

131
00:05:12,346 --> 00:05:15,449
THROUGH 2021 IN REDUCING THE

132
00:05:15,449 --> 00:05:16,717
PREVALENCE OF CIGARETTE SMOKING

133
00:05:16,717 --> 00:05:18,319
IN THE UNITED STATES AMONG U.S.

134
00:05:18,319 --> 00:05:19,720
ADULTS, WHERE THE CURRENT

135
00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:24,658
PREVALENCE IS ABOUT 11%.

136
00:05:24,658 --> 00:05:26,961
THEN ON THE RIGHT HERE, WE SEE

137
00:05:26,961 --> 00:05:29,697
THE PREVALENCE FOR CIGAR SMOKING

138
00:05:29,697 --> 00:05:31,866
FROM 1998 THROUGH 2021, WHERE

139
00:05:31,866 --> 00:05:33,300
THE PREVALENCE HAS REMAINED

140
00:05:33,300 --> 00:05:36,370
STABLE IN THE UNITED STATES WITH

141
00:05:36,370 --> 00:05:38,973
ABOUT 3.5% OF ADULTS CURRENTLY

142
00:05:38,973 --> 00:05:41,075
SMOKING CIGARS.

143
00:05:41,075 --> 00:05:44,211
SO WHEN WE DISAGGREGATE THE DATA

144
00:05:44,211 --> 00:05:47,114
BY RACE, WE ACTUALLY SEE A VERY

145
00:05:47,114 --> 00:05:48,049
DIFFERENT STORY.

146
00:05:48,049 --> 00:05:49,383
USING THE NATIONAL SURVEY ON

147
00:05:49,383 --> 00:05:53,354
DRUG USE AND HEALTH FROM 2002

148
00:05:53,354 --> 00:05:55,389
THROUGH 2019, DR. PACEK AND TEAM

149
00:05:55,389 --> 00:05:57,792
FOUND THAT CIGAR SMOKING HAS

150
00:05:57,792 --> 00:05:58,893
INCREASED AMONG BLACK

151
00:05:58,893 --> 00:06:00,194
INDIVIDUALS OVERALL DURING THIS

152
00:06:00,194 --> 00:06:02,096
TIME PERIOD, AND THAT PREVALENCE

153
00:06:02,096 --> 00:06:07,401
IS ABOUT 8%.

154
00:06:07,401 --> 00:06:09,136
USING THE SAME DATA, OUR

155
00:06:09,136 --> 00:06:13,974
RESEARCH HAS ALSO LOOKED AT AGE

156
00:06:13,974 --> 00:06:17,011
OF CIGAR SMOKING INITIATION BY

157
00:06:17,011 --> 00:06:18,779
BLACK INDIVIDUALS WHERE WE FIND

158
00:06:18,779 --> 00:06:20,281
WIDENING EDUCATION-RELATED

159
00:06:20,281 --> 00:06:21,816
DISPARITIES RELATED TO AGE OF

160
00:06:21,816 --> 00:06:25,319
CIGAR SMOKING INITIATION.

161
00:06:25,319 --> 00:06:26,987
AGE OF INITIATION FOR SMOKING IS

162
00:06:26,987 --> 00:06:29,156
REALLY IMPORTANT AS A FACTOR TO

163
00:06:29,156 --> 00:06:29,924
UNDERSTAND, BECAUSE IT'S

164
00:06:29,924 --> 00:06:33,194
ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER NICOTINE

165
00:06:33,194 --> 00:06:36,597
DEPENDENCE, MORE DIFFICULTY WITH

166
00:06:36,597 --> 00:06:38,265
CESSATION, AS WELL AS MORE

167
00:06:38,265 --> 00:06:42,403
NEGATIVE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES.

168
00:06:42,403 --> 00:06:44,705
AND SO WHILE THE CLASS OF CIGAR

169
00:06:44,705 --> 00:06:45,806
PRODUCTS INCLUDES THREE

170
00:06:45,806 --> 00:06:47,441
DIFFERENT TYPES OF TOBACCO

171
00:06:47,441 --> 00:06:50,144
PRODUCTS, LITTLE FILTERED

172
00:06:50,144 --> 00:06:52,213
CIGARS, CIGARILLOS AND LARGE

173
00:06:52,213 --> 00:06:53,881
CIGARS, THE TWO TYPE OF CIGAR

174
00:06:53,881 --> 00:06:54,982
PRODUCTS THAT ARE LARGELY

175
00:06:54,982 --> 00:06:56,484
DRIVING THESE RACIAL DISPARITIES

176
00:06:56,484 --> 00:06:57,485
EXPERIENCED BY BLACK INDIVIDUALS

177
00:06:57,485 --> 00:07:01,288
ARE LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS AND

178
00:07:01,288 --> 00:07:02,723
SICIGARILLOS.

179
00:07:02,723 --> 00:07:04,258
THEY ARE DELIBERATELY MARKETED

180
00:07:04,258 --> 00:07:05,926
TO SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

181
00:07:05,926 --> 00:07:07,328
INCLUDING BLACK INDIVIDUALS AND

182
00:07:07,328 --> 00:07:08,963
COMMUNITIES, AND THERE'S ALSO

183
00:07:08,963 --> 00:07:10,498
VARYING USE PATTERNS FOR LITTLE

184
00:07:10,498 --> 00:07:16,837
FILTERED CIGARS AND SILL  CIGAR,

185
00:07:16,837 --> 00:07:18,706
WHERE THE NATIONAL ACADEMY

186
00:07:18,706 --> 00:07:20,040
CENSUS REPORT HAS SUGGESTED THAT

187
00:07:20,040 --> 00:07:21,876
BECAUSE LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS

188
00:07:21,876 --> 00:07:25,246
AND CIGARILLOS ARE USED AT A

189
00:07:25,246 --> 00:07:27,948
GREATER FREQUENCY AND HIGHER

190
00:07:27,948 --> 00:07:28,983
INTENSITY, THEIR HARM IS SIMILAR

191
00:07:28,983 --> 00:07:31,519
TO THAT OF CIGARETTES AND WORSE

192
00:07:31,519 --> 00:07:37,191
THAN LARGE CIGARS.

193
00:07:37,191 --> 00:07:43,464
SO WE LOOKED AT THE PRE LA PREVE

194
00:07:43,464 --> 00:07:47,268
USING THE 2018 THROUGH 2019

195
00:07:47,268 --> 00:07:48,702
TOBACCO USE SUPPLEMENT TO THE

196
00:07:48,702 --> 00:07:50,771
CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY.

197
00:07:50,771 --> 00:07:56,010
WHAT WE SEE IS THAT BLACK ADULTS

198
00:07:56,010 --> 00:07:57,311
18 TO 30 YEARS OLD HAVE THE

199
00:07:57,311 --> 00:08:02,016
HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF LITTLE

200
00:08:02,016 --> 00:08:03,717
FILTERED CIGAR AND CIGARILLO

201
00:08:03,717 --> 00:08:05,519
SMOKING THAN ANY OTHER RACIAL

202
00:08:05,519 --> 00:08:07,488
AND AGE GROUP IN THE UNITED

203
00:08:07,488 --> 00:08:08,022
STATES.

204
00:08:08,022 --> 00:08:11,192
WE ALSO SEE THAT COMPARED TO

205
00:08:11,192 --> 00:08:12,960
WHITE YOUNG ADULTS, BLACK YOUNG

206
00:08:12,960 --> 00:08:14,862
ADULTS HAVE ABOUT FOUR TIMES THE

207
00:08:14,862 --> 00:08:16,664
ODDS OF SMOKING LITTLE FILTERED

208
00:08:16,664 --> 00:08:18,966
CIGARS AND CIGARILLOS THAN NOT

209
00:08:18,966 --> 00:08:21,735
SMOKING CIGARS AT ALL.

210
00:08:21,735 --> 00:08:23,604
THEY ALSO HAVE ABOUT A FIVE

211
00:08:23,604 --> 00:08:24,705
TIMES HIGHER ODDS OF SMOKING

212
00:08:24,705 --> 00:08:26,640
LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS AND

213
00:08:26,640 --> 00:08:27,641
CIGARILLOS COMPARED TO LARGE

214
00:08:27,641 --> 00:08:31,512
CIGARS.

215
00:08:31,512 --> 00:08:32,179
THIS ANALYSIS AS WELL AS OTHER

216
00:08:32,179 --> 00:08:36,650
STUDIES HAVE SHOWN US THAT THESE

217
00:08:36,650 --> 00:08:38,185
RACIAL DISPARITIES IN CIGAR

218
00:08:38,185 --> 00:08:40,154
SMOKING SPAN ACROSS ADULTHOOD.

219
00:08:40,154 --> 00:08:42,489
AND SO IF WE'RE ABLE TO MOVE THE

220
00:08:42,489 --> 00:08:45,626
NEEDLE AND HELP TO PREVENT CIGAR

221
00:08:45,626 --> 00:08:46,493
SMOKING AMONG BLACK YOUNG

222
00:08:46,493 --> 00:08:47,828
ADULTS, WE CAN POTENTIALLY HAVE

223
00:08:47,828 --> 00:08:51,865
A VERY LARGE IMPACT.

224
00:08:51,865 --> 00:08:54,435
AND SO AS A BEHAVIORAL

225
00:08:54,435 --> 00:08:55,402
SCIENTIST, I THOUGHT, YOU KNOW,

226
00:08:55,402 --> 00:08:59,373
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT CIGAR

227
00:08:59,373 --> 00:09:00,874
SMOKING AMONG YOUNG ADULTS, WHAT

228
00:09:00,874 --> 00:09:04,812
FACTORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IT,

229
00:09:04,812 --> 00:09:06,513
AND WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT IT?

230
00:09:06,513 --> 00:09:07,982
SO I WAS REALLY INTERESTED AND

231
00:09:07,982 --> 00:09:10,184
DRAWN TO DR. KIMBERLY STERLING'S

232
00:09:10,184 --> 00:09:12,753
WORK, WHICH FOCUSES ON POSITIVE

233
00:09:12,753 --> 00:09:14,255
AFFECT OR IN MY WORK, I'VE

234
00:09:14,255 --> 00:09:16,523
ADAPTED IT AS POSITIVE ATTITUDES

235
00:09:16,523 --> 00:09:21,562
TOWARDS CIGAR SMOKING.

236
00:09:21,562 --> 00:09:22,763
DR. KIMBERLY STERLING AND TEAM'S

237
00:09:22,763 --> 00:09:24,498
WORK HAS SHOWED THAT POSITIVE

238
00:09:24,498 --> 00:09:25,799
AFFECT TOWARD CIGAR SMOKING

239
00:09:25,799 --> 00:09:30,137
AMONG YOUNG ADULTS HAS BEEN

240
00:09:30,137 --> 00:09:30,938
ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER

241
00:09:30,938 --> 00:09:32,373
PERCEPTIONS OF HEALTH HARM FOR

242
00:09:32,373 --> 00:09:38,579
DAILY SMOKE,, U. SUSCEPTIBILITYS

243
00:09:38,579 --> 00:09:41,248
WELL AS CURRENT USE OF THIS

244
00:09:41,248 --> 00:09:42,116
PRODUCT.

245
00:09:42,116 --> 00:09:43,851
POSITIVE AFFECT HAS BEEN STUDIED

246
00:09:43,851 --> 00:09:45,452
MORE AS AN OPEN-ENDED QUESTION,

247
00:09:45,452 --> 00:09:46,687
SO JUST UNDERSTANDING WHETHER OR

248
00:09:46,687 --> 00:09:48,589
NOT A YOUNG ADULT MAY PERCEIVE

249
00:09:48,589 --> 00:09:51,325
CIGAR SMOKING POSITIVELY, LIKE

250
00:09:51,325 --> 00:09:56,063
AS GOOD OR NEGATIVELY AS BAD.

251
00:09:56,063 --> 00:09:58,198
SO SOME OTHER QUALITATIVE

252
00:09:58,198 --> 00:10:00,701
RESEARCH THROUGH DR. STERLING

253
00:10:00,701 --> 00:10:02,903
FOCUSES ON UNDERSTANDING MORE

254
00:10:02,903 --> 00:10:03,971
POSITIVE AFFECT THEMES AMONG

255
00:10:03,971 --> 00:10:06,073
YOUNG ADULTS, BUT THESE FOCUSED

256
00:10:06,073 --> 00:10:09,543
MORE ON FLAVORED LITTLE CIGARS

257
00:10:09,543 --> 00:10:10,210
AND CIGARILLOS.

258
00:10:10,210 --> 00:10:12,179
MY CURRENT BODY OF RESEARCH IS

259
00:10:12,179 --> 00:10:13,714
GROUNDED IN THE THEORY OF

260
00:10:13,714 --> 00:10:15,816
PLANNED BEHAVIOR, WHERE IF WE

261
00:10:15,816 --> 00:10:17,551
CONSIDER ATTITUDES TOWARD

262
00:10:17,551 --> 00:10:19,753
SMOKING TO BE THIS POSITIVE

263
00:10:19,753 --> 00:10:20,854
AFFECT CONSTRUCT, UNDERSTANDING

264
00:10:20,854 --> 00:10:23,023
THE UNDERLYING BELIEFS CAN HELP

265
00:10:23,023 --> 00:10:25,559
US MOVE THESE FACTORS IN ORDER

266
00:10:25,559 --> 00:10:28,362
TO REDUCE INTENTION TO USE AND

267
00:10:28,362 --> 00:10:30,998
ULTIMATELY REDUCE CIGAR SMOKING

268
00:10:30,998 --> 00:10:33,100
AMONG BLACK YOUNG ADULTS.

269
00:10:33,100 --> 00:10:36,036
AND SO FOR THE COLEMAN AWARD, I

270
00:10:36,036 --> 00:10:38,772
WANTED TO BUILD ON THE PREVIOUS

271
00:10:38,772 --> 00:10:39,973
RESEARCH BY EXPLORING BELIEFS

272
00:10:39,973 --> 00:10:41,742
ABOUT CIGAR SMOKING,

273
00:10:41,742 --> 00:10:44,078
SPECIFICALLY BY CIGAR TYPE AMONG

274
00:10:44,078 --> 00:10:45,479
BLACK YOUNG ADULTS.

275
00:10:45,479 --> 00:10:47,881
AND THEN ALSO THE SECOND GOAL

276
00:10:47,881 --> 00:10:49,283
WAS TO DEVELOP A SELF-REPORTED

277
00:10:49,283 --> 00:10:51,785
MEASURE OF OUTCOME EXPECTATIONS,

278
00:10:51,785 --> 00:10:53,320
WHICH IS POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL

279
00:10:53,320 --> 00:10:55,622
BELIEFS, OF CIGAR SMOKING BY

280
00:10:55,622 --> 00:10:56,924
CIGAR TYPE FOR BLACK YOUNG

281
00:10:56,924 --> 00:10:57,991
ADULTS THAT CAN BE USED IN

282
00:10:57,991 --> 00:11:00,427
FUTURE RESEARCH.

283
00:11:00,427 --> 00:11:03,063
AND SO JUST AS AN OVERVIEW OF

284
00:11:03,063 --> 00:11:12,139
OUR METHOD, WE CONDUCTED BELIEVE

285
00:11:12,139 --> 00:11:17,578
ELICIT -- THATWERE EITHER DEEMEE

286
00:11:17,578 --> 00:11:19,146
BY FOUR DIFFERENT SUSCEPTIBILITY

287
00:11:19,146 --> 00:11:20,881
SURVEY ITEMS OR HAVE

288
00:11:20,881 --> 00:11:22,816
EXPERIMENTED WITH ONE OR MORE

289
00:11:22,816 --> 00:11:23,851
CIGAR TYPE.

290
00:11:23,851 --> 00:11:26,787
THE INTERVIEW LASTED ABOUT AN

291
00:11:26,787 --> 00:11:28,455
HOUR EITHER BY PHONE OR ZOOM AND

292
00:11:28,455 --> 00:11:30,157
PARTICIPANTS WERE COMPENSATED

293
00:11:30,157 --> 00:11:33,394
$75 FOR THEIR TIME.

294
00:11:33,394 --> 00:11:36,063
AND SO THIS IS HOW IN THIS

295
00:11:36,063 --> 00:11:38,932
STUDY, WE WERE ABLE TO ADAPT AND

296
00:11:38,932 --> 00:11:41,335
CONCEPTUALIZE THESE DIFFERENT

297
00:11:41,335 --> 00:11:42,836
CATEGORIES OF BELIEFS.

298
00:11:42,836 --> 00:11:44,838
SO WHAT WE DID IS, AT THE

299
00:11:44,838 --> 00:11:47,040
BEGINNING OF THE PHONE CALL, I

300
00:11:47,040 --> 00:11:49,309
INTRODUCED THE PARTICIPANT TO

301
00:11:49,309 --> 00:11:53,046
THE WRITING EXERCISE TO CONDUCT

302
00:11:53,046 --> 00:11:55,282
THE BELIEF ELICITATION EXERCISE,

303
00:11:55,282 --> 00:11:58,585
AND WHAT WE DID IS I ASKED NINE

304
00:11:58,585 --> 00:12:00,354
DIFFERENT QUESTIONS, AND SO AS

305
00:12:00,354 --> 00:12:02,389
YOU CAN SEE HERE, THESE ARE THE

306
00:12:02,389 --> 00:12:03,557
THREE DIFFERENT BELIEFS RELATED

307
00:12:03,557 --> 00:12:05,526
TO THE THEORY OF PLANNED

308
00:12:05,526 --> 00:12:07,094
BEHAVIOR, AND THEN THE QUESTIONS

309
00:12:07,094 --> 00:12:09,029
THAT HELPED US CONCEPTUALIZE

310
00:12:09,029 --> 00:12:10,564
THESE BELIEFS IN THE INTERVIEWS.

311
00:12:10,564 --> 00:12:12,900
AND SO FOR EXAMPLE, BEHAVIORAL

312
00:12:12,900 --> 00:12:13,934
BELIEFS, WHAT EMOTIONS OR

313
00:12:13,934 --> 00:12:15,002
FEELINGS COME TO MIND WHEN YOU

314
00:12:15,002 --> 00:12:19,473
THINK ABOUT SMOKING CIGARILLOS,

315
00:12:19,473 --> 00:12:19,840
FOR EXAMPLE.

316
00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:21,041
WE DID THESE SET OF QUESTIONS

317
00:12:21,041 --> 00:12:22,509
FOR ALL THREE CIGAR TYPES, AS

318
00:12:22,509 --> 00:12:24,545
WELL AS WHAT GOOD OR POSITIVE

319
00:12:24,545 --> 00:12:25,746
THINGS COME TO MIND OR WHAT

320
00:12:25,746 --> 00:12:27,481
NEGATIVE OR BAD THINGS COME TO

321
00:12:27,481 --> 00:12:28,148
MIND.

322
00:12:28,148 --> 00:12:29,883
AND FOR NORMATIVE BELIEFS,

323
00:12:29,883 --> 00:12:31,518
THINKING ABOUT WHAT INDIVIDUALS

324
00:12:31,518 --> 00:12:34,488
OR GROUPS OF PEOPLE IN YOUR LIFE

325
00:12:34,488 --> 00:12:38,125
WOULD BE SUPPORTIVE OF YOU

326
00:12:38,125 --> 00:12:39,159
SMOKING, FOR EXAMPLE, CIGARILLOS

327
00:12:39,159 --> 00:12:41,395
OR WOULD NOT BE SUPPORTIVE OF

328
00:12:41,395 --> 00:12:42,930
YOU SMOKING CIGARILLOS, AS WELL

329
00:12:42,930 --> 00:12:43,897
AS WHAT INDIVIDUALS OR GROUPS OF

330
00:12:43,897 --> 00:12:45,432
PEOPLE DO YOU THINK ARE MOST

331
00:12:45,432 --> 00:12:47,534
LIKELY OR UNLIKELY TO SMOKE

332
00:12:47,534 --> 00:12:49,603
CIGARILLOS, FOR EXAMPLE.

333
00:12:49,603 --> 00:12:52,039
IN TERMS OF CONTROL BELIEFS, WE

334
00:12:52,039 --> 00:12:53,974
LOOKED AT UNDERSTANDING MORE

335
00:12:53,974 --> 00:12:55,342
ABOUT WHAT WOULD AN INDIVIDUAL

336
00:12:55,342 --> 00:12:57,010
THICK WOULD MAKE IT EASIER OR

337
00:12:57,010 --> 00:12:59,980
DIFFICULT FOR THEM TO TRY

338
00:12:59,980 --> 00:13:02,983
CIGARILLOS, FOR EXAMPLE.

339
00:13:02,983 --> 00:13:09,556
AND SO HERE IS A PICTURE OF MISS

340
00:13:09,556 --> 00:13:15,262
KAYLEIGH FENTON, AMGEN SCHOLAR

341
00:13:15,262 --> 00:13:17,431
WORKING WITH US.

342
00:13:17,431 --> 00:13:20,267
AUDIO RECORDINGS WERE

343
00:13:20,267 --> 00:13:21,134
TRANSCRIBED VERBATIM AND THERE

344
00:13:21,134 --> 00:13:23,237
WAS AN ITERATIVE PROCESS WE WENT

345
00:13:23,237 --> 00:13:24,438
THROUGH TO DEVELOP AND FINALIZE

346
00:13:24,438 --> 00:13:25,539
THE CODE BOOK.

347
00:13:25,539 --> 00:13:27,508
WE EXAMINED EMERGENT THEMES

348
00:13:27,508 --> 00:13:29,710
WITHIN EACH BELIEF SO THAT

349
00:13:29,710 --> 00:13:31,979
BEHAVIOR, NORMATIVE AND CONTROL

350
00:13:31,979 --> 00:13:39,653
BELIEFS ACROSS THE CIGAR TYPES.

351
00:13:39,653 --> 00:13:41,388
SO SHE CODED ALL THE

352
00:13:41,388 --> 00:13:43,123
TRANSCRIPTS, I THINK IT WAS OVER

353
00:13:43,123 --> 00:13:45,459
1500 DIFFERENT UNIQUE THEMES OR

354
00:13:45,459 --> 00:13:47,895
CODES, AND THEN I SERVED AS THE

355
00:13:47,895 --> 00:13:50,163
SECOND CODER, CODING 15% OF THE

356
00:13:50,163 --> 00:13:50,464
TRANSCRIPTS.

357
00:13:50,464 --> 00:13:52,199
RIGHT NOW, WE'RE STILL CODING,

358
00:13:52,199 --> 00:13:53,867
AND SO THESE RESULTS THAT I'M

359
00:13:53,867 --> 00:13:56,470
ABOUT TO SHARE ARE PRELIMINARY

360
00:13:56,470 --> 00:13:59,106
RESULTS.

361
00:13:59,106 --> 00:14:00,440
FOR PARTICIPANTS

362
00:14:00,440 --> 00:14:03,043
CHARACTERISTICS, IN TERMS OF THE

363
00:14:03,043 --> 00:14:05,812
SAMPLE, A LARGER MAJORITY, ABOUT

364
00:14:05,812 --> 00:14:08,148
HALF, IDENTIFIED AS WOMEN.

365
00:14:08,148 --> 00:14:10,584
THERE WAS ABOUT ALMOST AN EQUAL

366
00:14:10,584 --> 00:14:14,321
DISTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION LEVEL,

367
00:14:14,321 --> 00:14:16,390
AND THEN IN TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT,

368
00:14:16,390 --> 00:14:19,126
ABOUT 44% WERE FULL-TIME

369
00:14:19,126 --> 00:14:19,393
EMPLOYED.

370
00:14:19,393 --> 00:14:21,094
THERE WAS ABOUT AN EQUAL

371
00:14:21,094 --> 00:14:22,262
DISTRIBUTION FOR HOUSEHOLD

372
00:14:22,262 --> 00:14:25,032
INCOME, AND THEN THE MAJORITY

373
00:14:25,032 --> 00:14:29,069
IDENTIFIED AS

374
00:14:29,069 --> 00:14:29,870
HETEROSEXUAL/SEXUAL ORIENTATION.

375
00:14:29,870 --> 00:14:32,239
I'M GOING TO WALK US THROUGH THE

376
00:14:32,239 --> 00:14:33,473
EMERGENT BELIEFS WITHIN EACH

377
00:14:33,473 --> 00:14:34,308
BELIEF.

378
00:14:34,308 --> 00:14:37,477
AND SO I'M JUST HIGHLIGHTING

379
00:14:37,477 --> 00:14:38,278
MORE ABOUT THE GENERAL THEMES

380
00:14:38,278 --> 00:14:39,479
THAT EMERGED.

381
00:14:39,479 --> 00:14:42,883
SO FOR POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL

382
00:14:42,883 --> 00:14:44,818
BELIEFS, GENERALLY PARTICIPANTS

383
00:14:44,818 --> 00:14:46,486
HAD MORE GENERATIVE POSITIVE

384
00:14:46,486 --> 00:14:47,654
FEELINGS OF THINKING THAT

385
00:14:47,654 --> 00:14:51,491
CIGARILLOS AND LARGE CIGARS WERE

386
00:14:51,491 --> 00:14:52,826
GOOD AND MORE POSITIVE THAN

387
00:14:52,826 --> 00:14:53,894
LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS.

388
00:14:53,894 --> 00:14:57,064
THEN FOR LARGE CIGARS, THE

389
00:14:57,064 --> 00:14:59,366
FEELINGS THAT LARGE CIGARS WERE

390
00:14:59,366 --> 00:15:01,034
ASSOCIATED WITH BEING AFFLUENT,

391
00:15:01,034 --> 00:15:03,203
HAVING POSITIVE SOCIAL STATUS OR

392
00:15:03,203 --> 00:15:05,939
BEING RELATED TO USE AMONG

393
00:15:05,939 --> 00:15:08,675
CELEBRITIES EMERGED.

394
00:15:08,675 --> 00:15:10,010
AND THEN FOR CIGARILLOS, IT WAS

395
00:15:10,010 --> 00:15:12,112
REALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THIS

396
00:15:12,112 --> 00:15:13,714
PERCEPTION OF IT BEING COOL OR

397
00:15:13,714 --> 00:15:15,649
FUN OR RELATED TO FEELING HAPPY

398
00:15:15,649 --> 00:15:19,186
DURING A SOCIAL EVENT, AND ALSO

399
00:15:19,186 --> 00:15:21,788
AN INTEREST IN THE SENSORY

400
00:15:21,788 --> 00:15:23,390
EXPERIENCE OF FLAVORS, TASTE AND

401
00:15:23,390 --> 00:15:26,059
SMELL RELATED TO CIGARILLO

402
00:15:26,059 --> 00:15:28,128
SMOKING.

403
00:15:28,128 --> 00:15:29,463
RELAXATION, STRESS RELIEF AND

404
00:15:29,463 --> 00:15:32,399
POSITIVE PHYSICAL EFFECTS FROM

405
00:15:32,399 --> 00:15:33,934
NICOTINE SUCH AS EXPERIENCING A

406
00:15:33,934 --> 00:15:35,202
NICOTINE BUZZ EMERGED FOR

407
00:15:35,202 --> 00:15:37,337
CIGARILLOS AND LITTLE FILTERED

408
00:15:37,337 --> 00:15:39,406
CIGARS.

409
00:15:39,406 --> 00:15:42,576
AND THESE ARE SOME VERY BRIEF

410
00:15:42,576 --> 00:15:45,312
QUOTES TO SUPPORT SOME OF THE EE

411
00:15:45,312 --> 00:15:51,118
MER JEPT THEMESEMERGENT THEMES T

412
00:15:51,118 --> 00:15:51,385
DESCRIBED.

413
00:15:51,385 --> 00:15:54,054
FOR LARGE CIGARS, THINKING ABOUT

414
00:15:54,054 --> 00:15:58,725
BERNIE MAC, DJ KHALID AND A

415
00:15:58,725 --> 00:16:01,161
LUXURY BOAT, I AGAINST A SENSE

416
00:16:01,161 --> 00:16:02,596
LIKE, YOU MADE IT.

417
00:16:02,596 --> 00:16:04,998
FOR CIGARILLOS, ONE PARTICIPANT

418
00:16:04,998 --> 00:16:06,199
MENTIONED THEY DO LIKE TRYING

419
00:16:06,199 --> 00:16:08,769
NEW THINGS A LOT AND THEY THINK

420
00:16:08,769 --> 00:16:10,370
IT'S FUN BUT GENERALLY THEY TRY

421
00:16:10,370 --> 00:16:11,905
TO STAY AWAY FROM ANY SUBSTANCES

422
00:16:11,905 --> 00:16:13,173
AND THINGS THAT MIGHT BE HARMFUL

423
00:16:13,173 --> 00:16:14,074
TO THEIR HEALTH.

424
00:16:14,074 --> 00:16:15,742
THE OTHER THING THAT WAS

425
00:16:15,742 --> 00:16:17,010
MENTIONED WAS A PARTICIPANT

426
00:16:17,010 --> 00:16:18,211
MENTIONED THE NICOTINE HEAD RUSH

427
00:16:18,211 --> 00:16:19,346
THAT MIGHT BE A POSITIVE THINGS

428
00:16:19,346 --> 00:16:20,414
THAT COMES TO MIND.

429
00:16:20,414 --> 00:16:22,716
AND THAT FOR LITTLE FILTERED

430
00:16:22,716 --> 00:16:23,917
CIGARS, IT WAS PERCEIVED MORE AS

431
00:16:23,917 --> 00:16:25,552
A STRESS RELIEVER IN ORDER TO

432
00:16:25,552 --> 00:16:27,220
PASS TIME.

433
00:16:27,220 --> 00:16:30,590
SO SOMETHING AS LIKE A SOCIAL OR

434
00:16:30,590 --> 00:16:32,259
AN ACTIVITY TO DO.

435
00:16:32,259 --> 00:16:34,194
AND THEN ALSO A FOCUS ON THE

436
00:16:34,194 --> 00:16:35,295
RELAXATION THAT YOU CAN GET FROM

437
00:16:35,295 --> 00:16:38,031
IT.

438
00:16:38,031 --> 00:16:41,635
IN TERMS OF NEGATIVE BEHAVIORAL

439
00:16:41,635 --> 00:16:46,006
BELIEF, GENERALLY THE NEGATIVE

440
00:16:46,006 --> 00:16:47,474
BELIEFS HAD EQUALLY EMERGED

441
00:16:47,474 --> 00:16:49,342
ACROSS THE THREE CIGAR TYPES, AS

442
00:16:49,342 --> 00:16:52,012
WELL AS FEELINGS OF DISGUST FROM

443
00:16:52,012 --> 00:16:53,113
SMOKING AND ALSO CONCERN FOR

444
00:16:53,113 --> 00:16:53,547
POLLUTION.

445
00:16:53,547 --> 00:16:55,749
SO THINKING ABOUT THE TIP OF A

446
00:16:55,749 --> 00:16:57,484
CIGAR PRODUCT OR THE BUTT, AND

447
00:16:57,484 --> 00:17:01,321
HOW IT MIGHT BE POLLUTING THE

448
00:17:01,321 --> 00:17:03,724
ENVIRONMENT OR JUST LOCAL

449
00:17:03,724 --> 00:17:05,192
COMMUNITIES.

450
00:17:05,192 --> 00:17:06,493
THEN ALSO THE IDEA THAT LARGE

451
00:17:06,493 --> 00:17:07,427
CIGARS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH MORE

452
00:17:07,427 --> 00:17:10,464
OF A NEGATIVE TASTE AND A LARGER

453
00:17:10,464 --> 00:17:12,165
SIZE EMERGED AS NEGATIVE

454
00:17:12,165 --> 00:17:15,602
BEHAVIORAL BELIEFS FOR LARGE

455
00:17:15,602 --> 00:17:16,036
CIGARS.

456
00:17:16,036 --> 00:17:18,538
IN TERMS OF MORE NORMATIVE

457
00:17:18,538 --> 00:17:20,273
BELIEFS, SO WHAT INDIVIDUALS OR

458
00:17:20,273 --> 00:17:22,609
GROUPS OF PEOPLE WOULD BE

459
00:17:22,609 --> 00:17:24,111
SUPPORTIVE OF YOU USING A

460
00:17:24,111 --> 00:17:27,848
PARTICULAR CIGAR PRODUCT.

461
00:17:27,848 --> 00:17:30,150
THERE WAS SOME FEW REPORTING FA

462
00:17:30,150 --> 00:17:31,752
FAMILY MEMBERS AND CO-WORKERS

463
00:17:31,752 --> 00:17:32,753
WOULD SUPPORT THE PARTICIPANT IN

464
00:17:32,753 --> 00:17:34,621
SMOKING A CIGAR PRODUCT.

465
00:17:34,621 --> 00:17:38,458
BUT LARGELY, WE FOUND THAT FOR

466
00:17:38,458 --> 00:17:40,727
CIGARILLOS, FRIENDS WOULD BE

467
00:17:40,727 --> 00:17:43,330
SUPPORTIVE OF SMOKING CIGARILLOS

468
00:17:43,330 --> 00:17:45,866
BY THE PARTICIPANT.

469
00:17:45,866 --> 00:17:47,868
AND IN TERMS OF UNSUPPORTIVE

470
00:17:47,868 --> 00:17:49,202
INDIVIDUALS IN ONE'S LIFE,

471
00:17:49,202 --> 00:17:50,904
FAMILY INCLUDING GRANDPARENTS,

472
00:17:50,904 --> 00:17:52,472
PARENTS OR SIBLINGS EMERGED

473
00:17:52,472 --> 00:17:59,446
ACROSS THE THREE CIGAR TYPES.

474
00:17:59,446 --> 00:18:00,781
SO THINKING ABOUT WHO

475
00:18:00,781 --> 00:18:03,950
PARTICIPANTS MER RECE PERCEIVEDE

476
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:06,019
LIKELY AND UNLIKELY TO SMOKE

477
00:18:06,019 --> 00:18:07,654
THESE THREE CIGAR PRODUCTS.

478
00:18:07,654 --> 00:18:10,290
MIDDLE AGED ADULTS EMERGED FOR

479
00:18:10,290 --> 00:18:11,158
ALL THREE.

480
00:18:11,158 --> 00:18:12,359
CIGARILLOS WERE PERCEIVED TO BE

481
00:18:12,359 --> 00:18:14,327
USED MOSTLY BY YOUTH AND YOUNG

482
00:18:14,327 --> 00:18:15,762
ADULTS.

483
00:18:15,762 --> 00:18:17,164
FOR LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS AND

484
00:18:17,164 --> 00:18:20,233
LARGE CIGARS, THE THOUGHT THAT

485
00:18:20,233 --> 00:18:22,402
THOSE WERE USED AMONG OLDER

486
00:18:22,402 --> 00:18:23,370
ADULTS, AND WHILE CIGARILLOS

487
00:18:23,370 --> 00:18:25,372
WERE USED MORE BROADLY AMONG

488
00:18:25,372 --> 00:18:27,240
BOTH MEN AND WOMEN, LITTLE

489
00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:29,109
FILTERED CIGARS AND LARGE CIGARS

490
00:18:29,109 --> 00:18:30,844
WERE USED PREDOMINANTLY AMONG

491
00:18:30,844 --> 00:18:31,278
MEN.

492
00:18:31,278 --> 00:18:34,881
AND THEN FOR CIGARILLOS,

493
00:18:34,881 --> 00:18:36,516
RELATIVE TO POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL

494
00:18:36,516 --> 00:18:37,617
BELIEFS, THEY WERE ALSO THOUGHT

495
00:18:37,617 --> 00:18:40,687
TO BE USED FOR THOSE WHO WERE

496
00:18:40,687 --> 00:18:42,122
EXPERIENCING STRESS TO HELP

497
00:18:42,122 --> 00:18:42,689
RELIEVE STRESS.

498
00:18:42,689 --> 00:18:46,693
IN TERMS OF SOCIAL POSITION,

499
00:18:46,693 --> 00:18:48,028
CIGARILLOS AND LITTLE FILTERED

500
00:18:48,028 --> 00:18:49,062
CIGARS WERE SEEN TO BE USED

501
00:18:49,062 --> 00:18:51,631
AMONG THOSE WITH HIGHER AND

502
00:18:51,631 --> 00:18:52,933
LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION,

503
00:18:52,933 --> 00:18:55,035
VERSUS LARGE CIGARS BEING USED

504
00:18:55,035 --> 00:18:57,337
AMONG THOSE WITH HIGHER

505
00:18:57,337 --> 00:18:59,806
SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION.

506
00:18:59,806 --> 00:19:02,776
AND GENERALLY ACROSS THE THREE

507
00:19:02,776 --> 00:19:06,046
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CIGAR

508
00:19:06,046 --> 00:19:08,582
PRODUCTS, YOUNG ADULTS, YOUTH

509
00:19:08,582 --> 00:19:10,350
AND WOMEN WERE THOUGHT TO BE

510
00:19:10,350 --> 00:19:19,926
MOST LIKELY  LI UNLIKELY TO SMOE

511
00:19:19,926 --> 00:19:21,494
PRODUCTS.

512
00:19:21,494 --> 00:19:23,230
FOR EASY TO USE, ACCESSIBILITY

513
00:19:23,230 --> 00:19:25,298
CAME UP AS AN EMERGENT THEME FOR

514
00:19:25,298 --> 00:19:25,599
CIGARILLOS.

515
00:19:25,599 --> 00:19:27,067
AS WELL AS THE IDEA OF

516
00:19:27,067 --> 00:19:28,401
ANTICIPATED POSITIVE MENTAL

517
00:19:28,401 --> 00:19:30,036
HEALTH EFFECTS, SUCH AS THE

518
00:19:30,036 --> 00:19:31,004
STRESS RELIEF WE MENTIONED

519
00:19:31,004 --> 00:19:33,607
BEFORE AND NICOTINE BUZZ FOR

520
00:19:33,607 --> 00:19:34,241
CIGARILLOS AND LITTLE FILTERED

521
00:19:34,241 --> 00:19:35,375
CIGARS.

522
00:19:35,375 --> 00:19:38,211
FOR CIGARILLOS, WE ALSO FOUND

523
00:19:38,211 --> 00:19:39,279
THAT PARTICIPANTS FELT LIKE IF

524
00:19:39,279 --> 00:19:40,280
SOMEONE OFFERED TO THEM, THEY

525
00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:42,382
MIGHT BE WILLING TO TRY IT.

526
00:19:42,382 --> 00:19:44,484
AND ALSO THAT IT WAS RELATED TO

527
00:19:44,484 --> 00:19:48,722
SMOKING AT SOCIAL EVENTS OR

528
00:19:48,722 --> 00:19:50,257
MAYBE FUN SETTINGS OR SOMEWHERE

529
00:19:50,257 --> 00:19:51,892
THAT INVOLVED A SOCIAL ASPECT

530
00:19:51,892 --> 00:19:53,193
PIECE.

531
00:19:53,193 --> 00:19:55,395
AND THEN FOR LARGE CIGARS, THEY

532
00:19:55,395 --> 00:19:57,264
WERE SEEN TO BE USED MORE LIKELY

533
00:19:57,264 --> 00:20:00,867
AS A PART OF A SPECIAL OCCASION.

534
00:20:00,867 --> 00:20:02,402
IN TERMS OF THINGS THAT WOULD

535
00:20:02,402 --> 00:20:04,671
MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR A

536
00:20:04,671 --> 00:20:08,642
PARTICIPANT TO USE A CIGAR

537
00:20:08,642 --> 00:20:10,143
PRODUCT, ACCESSIBILITY AND COST

538
00:20:10,143 --> 00:20:12,012
EMERGED ACROSS THE THREE CIGAR

539
00:20:12,012 --> 00:20:12,879
TYPES.

540
00:20:12,879 --> 00:20:16,750
AS WELL AS THE IDEA THAT SMOKING

541
00:20:16,750 --> 00:20:17,484
CIGARILLOS OR LITTLE FILTERED

542
00:20:17,484 --> 00:20:20,086
CIGARS WOULD NOT ALIGN WITH

543
00:20:20,086 --> 00:20:21,321
ONE'S PERSONAL IDENTITY AND

544
00:20:21,321 --> 00:20:21,554
VALUES.

545
00:20:21,554 --> 00:20:25,592
AND THEN FOR LARGE CIGARS, THE

546
00:20:25,592 --> 00:20:28,862
SMELL, LIKE SO A NEGATIVE

547
00:20:28,862 --> 00:20:30,830
TOBACCO SMELL WAS ONE BELIEF

548
00:20:30,830 --> 00:20:32,465
THAT WOULD MAKE IT DIFFICULT TO

549
00:20:32,465 --> 00:20:35,635
TRY A LARGE CIGAR.

550
00:20:35,635 --> 00:20:37,837
AND SO THOSE ARE A LOT OF

551
00:20:37,837 --> 00:20:39,572
DIFFERENT THEMES WITHIN EACH

552
00:20:39,572 --> 00:20:41,775
BELIEF, BUT IN SUMMARY, THESE

553
00:20:41,775 --> 00:20:42,976
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS SHOW US

554
00:20:42,976 --> 00:20:46,146
THAT THERE'S AN IMPORTANCE IN

555
00:20:46,146 --> 00:20:47,547
POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL BELIEFS, SO

556
00:20:47,547 --> 00:20:49,649
THERE'S ALSO SOME SALIENT

557
00:20:49,649 --> 00:20:50,617
EMERGENT THEMES FOR EACH

558
00:20:50,617 --> 00:20:53,520
DIFFERENT TYPE OF CIGAR PRODUCT

559
00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:56,656
THAT SPANNED ACROSS BEHAVIORAL,

560
00:20:56,656 --> 00:20:58,425
NORMATIVE AND CONTROL BELIEFS,

561
00:20:58,425 --> 00:20:59,326
AND PERHAPS THAT'S SOMETHING

562
00:20:59,326 --> 00:21:00,460
THAT SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED

563
00:21:00,460 --> 00:21:00,660
MORE.

564
00:21:00,660 --> 00:21:04,297
WITH THAT IN MIND, THERE'S ALL

565
00:21:04,297 --> 00:21:05,632
THESE UNIQUE CIGAR PROFILES.

566
00:21:05,632 --> 00:21:06,766
SO WITH CIGARILLOS, IT'S

567
00:21:06,766 --> 00:21:08,134
ASSOCIATED WITH BEING COOL, FUN,

568
00:21:08,134 --> 00:21:10,203
FEELING HAPPY, USED IN SOCIAL

569
00:21:10,203 --> 00:21:13,173
SETTINGS, AND THAT YOUNG FRIENDS

570
00:21:13,173 --> 00:21:15,442
WOULD BE MORE SUPPORTIVE OF

571
00:21:15,442 --> 00:21:17,844
USING IT, AS WELL AS THAT IT

572
00:21:17,844 --> 00:21:20,280
MIGHT HAVE ANTICIPATED POSITIVE

573
00:21:20,280 --> 00:21:22,115
OUTCOME EXPECTATIONS RELATED TO

574
00:21:22,115 --> 00:21:24,217
FEELING RELAXED OR BEING ABLE TO

575
00:21:24,217 --> 00:21:26,953
HELP RELIEVE STRESS.

576
00:21:26,953 --> 00:21:28,788
FOR LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS, IT

577
00:21:28,788 --> 00:21:31,624
WAS THOUGHT MORE AS SOMETHING

578
00:21:31,624 --> 00:21:32,959
FOR MIDDLE AGED OR OLDER ADULTS

579
00:21:32,959 --> 00:21:34,928
TO USE, PARTICULARLY AMONG MEN,

580
00:21:34,928 --> 00:21:36,229
AND THEY MAY ALSO HELP WITH

581
00:21:36,229 --> 00:21:37,564
STRESS RELIEF.

582
00:21:37,564 --> 00:21:39,833
AND THEN FOR LARGE CIGARS, THEY

583
00:21:39,833 --> 00:21:42,469
WERE USED PARTICULARLY AMONG

584
00:21:42,469 --> 00:21:43,636
INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGHER

585
00:21:43,636 --> 00:21:45,305
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS OR SOCIAL

586
00:21:45,305 --> 00:21:47,173
POSITION, AND USED FOR ONLY

587
00:21:47,173 --> 00:21:50,143
SPECIAL OCCASIONS.

588
00:21:50,143 --> 00:21:53,613
AND SO BASED OFF OF OUR

589
00:21:53,613 --> 00:21:56,082
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND REALLY

590
00:21:56,082 --> 00:21:58,885
THINKING THROUGH THIS IDEA OF

591
00:21:58,885 --> 00:22:04,057
THE SALE YEN SEE WITH POSITI

592
00:22:04,057 --> 00:22:05,058
POSITIVE -- ACROSS THE THREE

593
00:22:05,058 --> 00:22:06,526
DIFFERENT BELIEF CATEGORIES, I

594
00:22:06,526 --> 00:22:09,362
WANTED TO KIND OF LEVERAGE THAT

595
00:22:09,362 --> 00:22:11,598
UNDERSTANDING AND THINK MORE

596
00:22:11,598 --> 00:22:12,899
ABOUT ACTION-ORIENTED RESEARCH

597
00:22:12,899 --> 00:22:15,602
AND WHAT CAN WE DO.

598
00:22:15,602 --> 00:22:18,905
AND SO THIS TO YOUR LEFT IS THE

599
00:22:18,905 --> 00:22:20,874
COVER OF HEALTH EQUITY IN

600
00:22:20,874 --> 00:22:22,842
TOBACCO PREVENTION AND CONTROL

601
00:22:22,842 --> 00:22:25,311
BEST PRACTICES USER GUIDELINES

602
00:22:25,311 --> 00:22:27,714
FROM THE CDC, AND ONE

603
00:22:27,714 --> 00:22:30,316
RECOMMENDATION IN THAT IS THAT

604
00:22:30,316 --> 00:22:32,919
IT'S TIME TO SWITCH THE MESSAGE

605
00:22:32,919 --> 00:22:33,553
DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM.

606
00:22:33,553 --> 00:22:36,656
SO TYPICALLY WHEN WE'RE DEVEL

607
00:22:36,656 --> 00:22:38,024
DEVELOPING HEALTH COMMUNICATION

608
00:22:38,024 --> 00:22:39,459
MESSAGES, WE DEVELOP A ONE SIZE

609
00:22:39,459 --> 00:22:41,961
FITS ALL FOR THE POPULATION AND

610
00:22:41,961 --> 00:22:43,630
THEN TAILOR IT TO CERTAIN

611
00:22:43,630 --> 00:22:45,365
GROUPS.

612
00:22:45,365 --> 00:22:48,568
AND WHAT THIS BEST PRACTICES IS

613
00:22:48,568 --> 00:22:50,303
RECOMMENDING IS THAT WE ACTUALLY

614
00:22:50,303 --> 00:22:52,705
START TO PRIORITIZE GROUPS THAT

615
00:22:52,705 --> 00:22:55,008
WOULD MOST BENEFIT FROM HEALTH

616
00:22:55,008 --> 00:22:56,209
COMMUNICATION IN ORDER TO

617
00:22:56,209 --> 00:22:59,712
PROMOTE HEALTH EQUITY.

618
00:22:59,712 --> 00:23:01,748
SO RIGHT NOW, THERE IS NO HEALTH

619
00:23:01,748 --> 00:23:05,051
COMMUNICATION AT ALL TO ADDRESS

620
00:23:05,051 --> 00:23:06,686
THE RACIAL DISPARITIES IN CIGAR

621
00:23:06,686 --> 00:23:11,724
SMOKING, AND SO FOR MY K99 AND

622
00:23:11,724 --> 00:23:13,726
R00, I FOCUSED ON DEVELOPING --

623
00:23:13,726 --> 00:23:15,895
AND I AM FOCUSING ON DEVELOPING

624
00:23:15,895 --> 00:23:17,263
CIGARILLO PUBLIC EDUCATION

625
00:23:17,263 --> 00:23:19,499
MESSAGES FOR BLACK YOUNG ADULTS.

626
00:23:19,499 --> 00:23:21,901
AND SO ON THE RIGHT HERE ARE MY

627
00:23:21,901 --> 00:23:24,404
K99 MENTORS WHO HAVE JUST BEEN

628
00:23:24,404 --> 00:23:27,807
SO INCREDIBLY GENEROUS WITH

629
00:23:27,807 --> 00:23:30,410
THEIR TIME AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR

630
00:23:30,410 --> 00:23:35,348
ME TO TRAIN AND LEARN FROM THEM.

631
00:23:35,348 --> 00:23:38,151
SO THIS WORK IS, AGAIN, GROUNDED

632
00:23:38,151 --> 00:23:41,354
IN THE IDEA OF THEORY OF PLANNED

633
00:23:41,354 --> 00:23:42,555
BEHAVIOR, WHERE IF WE CAN START

634
00:23:42,555 --> 00:23:44,290
TO ADDRESS THESE BEHAVIORAL

635
00:23:44,290 --> 00:23:45,859
BELIEFS, MAYBE WE CAN CHANGE THE

636
00:23:45,859 --> 00:23:47,627
POSITIVE AFFECT TO CHANGE

637
00:23:47,627 --> 00:23:50,029
INTENTION AND ULTIMATELY REDUCE

638
00:23:50,029 --> 00:23:51,731
CIGAR SMOKING AMONG BLACK YOUNG

639
00:23:51,731 --> 00:23:52,966
ADULTS.

640
00:23:52,966 --> 00:23:54,834
AND SO DURING THE K99 PHASE WHEN

641
00:23:54,834 --> 00:23:59,305
I WAS A POSTDOC AT NIMHD DIR, I

642
00:23:59,305 --> 00:24:00,740
FOCUSED ON DEVELOPING THE

643
00:24:00,740 --> 00:24:02,208
CIGARILLO PUBLIC EDUCATION

644
00:24:02,208 --> 00:24:03,943
MESSAGES THEMSELVES, AND SO WE

645
00:24:03,943 --> 00:24:07,080
WENT THROUGH THE PROCESS OF

646
00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:08,381
SELECTING DIFFERENT MESSAGE

647
00:24:08,381 --> 00:24:10,350
THEMES AND THEN TESTING THE TEXT

648
00:24:10,350 --> 00:24:12,485
PORTION OF THE MESSAGES.

649
00:24:12,485 --> 00:24:13,620
SO HERE ARE TWO DIFFERENT

650
00:24:13,620 --> 00:24:14,621
MESSAGE CONDITIONS.

651
00:24:14,621 --> 00:24:16,489
AND SO I HAD MENTIONED THAT UP

652
00:24:16,489 --> 00:24:18,291
UNTIL THIS POINT, THERE HAD NOT

653
00:24:18,291 --> 00:24:20,960
BEEN ANY HEALTH COMMUNICATION ON

654
00:24:20,960 --> 00:24:23,796
A POPULATION LEVEL FOR CIGARILLO

655
00:24:23,796 --> 00:24:25,565
SMOKING.

656
00:24:25,565 --> 00:24:27,834
AND SO THIS FIRST MESSAGE

657
00:24:27,834 --> 00:24:30,904
CONDITION JUST FOCUSES ON

658
00:24:30,904 --> 00:24:32,672
COMMUNICATING THE HEALTH HARM

659
00:24:32,672 --> 00:24:34,641
AND NICOTINE ADDICTION RISK, SO

660
00:24:34,641 --> 00:24:36,476
FOCUSING ON THE LONG TERM HEALTH

661
00:24:36,476 --> 00:24:37,810
RISK, SHORT TERM HEALTH RISK,

662
00:24:37,810 --> 00:24:39,646
SOCIAL HEALTH RISK AND NICOTINE

663
00:24:39,646 --> 00:24:40,413
ADDICTION RISKS.

664
00:24:40,413 --> 00:24:43,049
THEN FOR THE SECOND MESSAGE

665
00:24:43,049 --> 00:24:44,450
CONDITION, WE USED WHAT WE FOUND

666
00:24:44,450 --> 00:24:47,987
FROM THE COLEMAN FINDINGS TO

667
00:24:47,987 --> 00:24:49,822
CONTEXTUALIZE THESE DIFFERENT

668
00:24:49,822 --> 00:24:52,225
RISKS TO THE ANTICIPATED OUT

669
00:24:52,225 --> 00:24:54,594
COME EXPECTATIONS OR POSITIVE

670
00:24:54,594 --> 00:24:55,328
BEHAVIORAL BELIEFS.

671
00:24:55,328 --> 00:24:57,497
SO THESE THEMES FOCUSED ON

672
00:24:57,497 --> 00:24:58,698
SATISFACTION, THE IDEA OF

673
00:24:58,698 --> 00:25:00,567
ANTICIPATED STRESS RELIEF OR

674
00:25:00,567 --> 00:25:02,835
PLEASURE FROM THE SMOKING

675
00:25:02,835 --> 00:25:03,937
EXPERIENCE, THE SENSORY

676
00:25:03,937 --> 00:25:06,472
EXPERIENCE AS WELL, SO FOCUS ON

677
00:25:06,472 --> 00:25:07,774
FLAVORS OR THE WAY THAT IT

678
00:25:07,774 --> 00:25:09,943
SMELLS REALLY NICE.

679
00:25:09,943 --> 00:25:12,812
THE IDEA THAT CIGARILLO SMOKING

680
00:25:12,812 --> 00:25:14,647
IS ASSOCIATED TO BEING COOL OR

681
00:25:14,647 --> 00:25:18,384
HAVING A FUN PE PERSONA, AS WELS

682
00:25:18,384 --> 00:25:20,019
THE PERCEPTION THAT CIGARILLO

683
00:25:20,019 --> 00:25:21,554
SMOKING CAN GO AGAINST ONE'S

684
00:25:21,554 --> 00:25:23,856
PERSONAL VALUES AND

685
00:25:23,856 --> 00:25:24,290
AUTHENTICITY.

686
00:25:24,290 --> 00:25:26,492
AND SO WHAT YOU'LL SEE IS THAT

687
00:25:26,492 --> 00:25:28,728
IN MESSAGE CONDITION ONE, FOR

688
00:25:28,728 --> 00:25:30,063
EXAMPLE, IF YOU LOOK AT THIS

689
00:25:30,063 --> 00:25:32,232
FIRST MESSAGE, WHAT WE DID IS WE

690
00:25:32,232 --> 00:25:38,238
KEPT THE TEXAS SIMILAR AS

691
00:25:38,238 --> 00:25:39,739
POSSIBLE BUT THEN CONTEXTUALIZED

692
00:25:39,739 --> 00:25:40,473
TO THE THEME.

693
00:25:40,473 --> 00:25:42,775
SO OVERALL WE HAVE 16 MESSAGES

694
00:25:42,775 --> 00:25:45,511
WITHIN EACH MESSAGE CONDITION

695
00:25:45,511 --> 00:25:52,252
FOR A TOTAL OF 32 MESSAGES.

696
00:25:52,252 --> 00:25:53,152
WE JUST RECEIVED BACK THE

697
00:25:53,152 --> 00:25:53,920
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS FROM

698
00:25:53,920 --> 00:25:57,090
TESTING THE TEXT PORTION OF THE

699
00:25:57,090 --> 00:26:02,695
MESSAGES.

700
00:26:02,695 --> 00:26:05,198
WE USED QUALTRICS PANEL SERVICES

701
00:26:05,198 --> 00:26:08,167
TO COMPLETE THE SURVEY AMONG

702
00:26:08,167 --> 00:26:09,736
BLACK YOUNG ADULTS 18 TO 30

703
00:26:09,736 --> 00:26:11,204
YEARS OLD WHO HAVE NEVER USED

704
00:26:11,204 --> 00:26:15,375
TOBACCO PRODUCTS REGULARLY OR

705
00:26:15,375 --> 00:26:16,376
HAVE EXPERIMENTED WITH CIGARILLO

706
00:26:16,376 --> 00:26:16,709
SMOKING.

707
00:26:16,709 --> 00:26:18,544
WHAT WE FOUND AS PRELIMINARY

708
00:26:18,544 --> 00:26:20,747
FINDINGS IS THAT FOR PERCEIVED

709
00:26:20,747 --> 00:26:21,914
MESSAGE EFFECTIVENESS, SO THE

710
00:26:21,914 --> 00:26:24,784
IDEA THAT OVERALL THIS MESSAGE

711
00:26:24,784 --> 00:26:26,052
CONDITION DISCOURAGED ME FROM

712
00:26:26,052 --> 00:26:27,987
WANTING TO SMOKE, MADE ME

713
00:26:27,987 --> 00:26:29,255
CONCERNED ABOUT THE HEALTH

714
00:26:29,255 --> 00:26:31,591
EFFECTS, AND MADE ME CONCERNED

715
00:26:31,591 --> 00:26:33,626
OR THINK THAT CIGARILLO SMOKING

716
00:26:33,626 --> 00:26:35,595
WAS UNPLEASANT.

717
00:26:35,595 --> 00:26:37,897
WE FOUND THAT OVERALL, THE

718
00:26:37,897 --> 00:26:39,565
MESSAGES WERE RATED -- OR THE

719
00:26:39,565 --> 00:26:41,834
MESSAGE CONDITIONS WERE RATED

720
00:26:41,834 --> 00:26:44,904
PRETTY HIGHLY IN TERMS OF THE

721
00:26:44,904 --> 00:26:47,974
OVERALL MESSAGE EFFECTIVENESS

722
00:26:47,974 --> 00:26:49,609
ITEM, BUT THEN THAT MESSAGE

723
00:26:49,609 --> 00:26:50,810
CONDITION ONE FOCUSED ON JUST

724
00:26:50,810 --> 00:26:53,546
THE HEALTH HARM OR NICOTINE

725
00:26:53,546 --> 00:26:54,514
ADDICTION RISK MIGHT BE

726
00:26:54,514 --> 00:26:57,283
PERFORMING A LITTLE BIT HIGHER.

727
00:26:57,283 --> 00:27:00,086
AND SO THEN WE ALSO LOOKED AT

728
00:27:00,086 --> 00:27:01,754
HOW HARMFUL DO YOU THINK

729
00:27:01,754 --> 00:27:02,855
CIGARILLOS ARE TO ONE'S HEALTH

730
00:27:02,855 --> 00:27:05,591
OR HOW LIKELY IS SOMEONE TO BE

731
00:27:05,591 --> 00:27:06,759
ADDICTED TO CIGARILLOS?

732
00:27:06,759 --> 00:27:09,095
AND WE ALSO -- WHAT I SHOW HERE

733
00:27:09,095 --> 00:27:11,798
IS THE PRE AND POST EXPOSURE

734
00:27:11,798 --> 00:27:13,466
OUTCOMES FOR THIS, AND WHAT WE

735
00:27:13,466 --> 00:27:16,936
ALSO SEE IS THAT FOR MESSAGE

736
00:27:16,936 --> 00:27:17,837
CONDITION ONE, THEY'RE

737
00:27:17,837 --> 00:27:19,238
PERFORMING JUST A LITTLE BIT

738
00:27:19,238 --> 00:27:20,440
HIGHER, BUT AGAIN, THESE ARE

739
00:27:20,440 --> 00:27:21,441
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND I

740
00:27:21,441 --> 00:27:23,910
HAVEN'T DONE THE FULL ANALYSIS

741
00:27:23,910 --> 00:27:26,145
YET OR CONTROLLED FOR ANYTHING.

742
00:27:26,145 --> 00:27:28,448
WHAT IS INTERESTING, THOUGH,

743
00:27:28,448 --> 00:27:30,516
BEYOND MESSAGE EFFECTIVENESS AND

744
00:27:30,516 --> 00:27:31,918
HEALTH HARM AND NICOTINE

745
00:27:31,918 --> 00:27:34,253
ADDICTION RISK PERCEPTION, IS

746
00:27:34,253 --> 00:27:36,089
HOW THE CONTEXTUALIZED MESSAGES

747
00:27:36,089 --> 00:27:38,224
MAY IMPACT ATTITUDES AROUND

748
00:27:38,224 --> 00:27:39,792
CIGARILLO SMOKING GENERALLY

749
00:27:39,792 --> 00:27:44,063
AMONG BLACK YOUNG ADULTS.

750
00:27:44,063 --> 00:27:45,932
SO SOME EXCITING NEXT STEPS AT

751
00:27:45,932 --> 00:27:51,037
THE PHAN LAB IS THAT FOR THE R0Y

752
00:27:51,037 --> 00:27:52,538
DEVELOPING THE VISUAL DESIGN TO

753
00:27:52,538 --> 00:27:56,809
PAIR WITH THE TEXT MESSAGE, AND

754
00:27:56,809 --> 00:27:58,244
WE WILL START PRE-TESTING THE

755
00:27:58,244 --> 00:28:00,880
FULL MESSAGES VIA EYE TRACKING

756
00:28:00,880 --> 00:28:02,081
AND QUALITATIVE FEEDBACK WITH MY

757
00:28:02,081 --> 00:28:05,385
HOPES OF LAUNCHING THE STUDY

758
00:28:05,385 --> 00:28:06,886
MARCH 1ST, AND FOLLOWED BY THAT,

759
00:28:06,886 --> 00:28:09,322
WE'LL CONDUCT A FULL RANDOMIZED

760
00:28:09,322 --> 00:28:10,723
CONTROL TRIAL TO UNDERSTAND MORE

761
00:28:10,723 --> 00:28:12,125
ABOUT THE IMPACT OF THESE

762
00:28:12,125 --> 00:28:14,961
PREVENTION MESSAGES ON HARM

763
00:28:14,961 --> 00:28:17,597
PERCEPTION AND ALSO EXPLORE THE

764
00:28:17,597 --> 00:28:20,333
POTENTIAL IMPACT ON PREVENTING

765
00:28:20,333 --> 00:28:21,334
CIGARILLO SMOKING AMONG BLACK

766
00:28:21,334 --> 00:28:24,370
YOUNG ADULTS.

767
00:28:24,370 --> 00:28:26,272
THEN ALSO I'M FOCUSING NOW ON

768
00:28:26,272 --> 00:28:27,673
DEVELOPING THE POSITIVE AFFECT

769
00:28:27,673 --> 00:28:31,310
FOR CIGAR SMOKING SCALE, SO THIS

770
00:28:31,310 --> 00:28:33,146
WOULD BE UNDERSTANDING MORE OR

771
00:28:33,146 --> 00:28:36,549
DEVELOPING A VALIDATED SCALE FOR

772
00:28:36,549 --> 00:28:37,850
EACH OF THOSE DIFFERENT TYPES OF

773
00:28:37,850 --> 00:28:39,619
BELIEFS BY CIGAR TYPE,

774
00:28:39,619 --> 00:28:41,988
SPECIFICALLY FOR BLACK YOUNG

775
00:28:41,988 --> 00:28:43,656
ADULTS IN FUTURE RESEARCH.

776
00:28:43,656 --> 00:28:44,857
IN THIS LINE OF RESEARCH, TO

777
00:28:44,857 --> 00:28:47,693
THINK MORE ABOUT COMMUNITY

778
00:28:47,693 --> 00:28:50,363
ENGAGED EFFORTS, DR. LORETTA

779
00:28:50,363 --> 00:28:52,732
SWEET JEMMOTT AND HER TEAM HAVE

780
00:28:52,732 --> 00:28:54,133
BEEN EXTREMELY GENEROUS IN

781
00:28:54,133 --> 00:28:55,401
CONNECTING WITH ME AND ALLOWING

782
00:28:55,401 --> 00:28:57,970
ME TO START TO MEET COMMUNITY

783
00:28:57,970 --> 00:29:01,707
MEMBERS IN FIRESIDE CHAT

784
00:29:01,707 --> 00:29:03,142
CONVERSATIONS AS A STARTING

785
00:29:03,142 --> 00:29:04,677
PLACE TO START UNDERSTANDING

786
00:29:04,677 --> 00:29:07,847
MORE ABOUT COMMUNITY NEEDS

787
00:29:07,847 --> 00:29:08,714
THROUGH HEALTH EDUCATION AND

788
00:29:08,714 --> 00:29:09,582
OTHER INITIATIVES THAT WE CAN

789
00:29:09,582 --> 00:29:11,117
DEVELOP.

790
00:29:11,117 --> 00:29:14,153
AND SO I'D ALSO LIKE TO

791
00:29:14,153 --> 00:29:16,122
ACKNOWLEDGE DR. CHOI FOR HIS

792
00:29:16,122 --> 00:29:17,757
TREMENDOUS AND GREAT MENTORSHIP

793
00:29:17,757 --> 00:29:19,759
AND OPPORTUNITY THAT HE'S

794
00:29:19,759 --> 00:29:21,627
PROVIDED.

795
00:29:21,627 --> 00:29:24,130
DR. KRISTEN HAMILTON-MOSELEY HAS

796
00:29:24,130 --> 00:29:24,997
HELPED ME COMPLETE THE COLEMAN

797
00:29:24,997 --> 00:29:26,766
STUDY WITH MY TRANSITION TO

798
00:29:26,766 --> 00:29:28,167
DREXEL, AND THE REST OF THE

799
00:29:28,167 --> 00:29:31,003
TOBACCO RELATED DISPARITIES AND

800
00:29:31,003 --> 00:29:32,004
CONTROL LAB.

801
00:29:32,004 --> 00:29:33,639
ALSO OUR GRADUATE RESEARCH

802
00:29:33,639 --> 00:29:35,274
ASSISTANT HERE AT DREXEL, WHO'S

803
00:29:35,274 --> 00:29:37,910
BEEN HELPING ME TO GET ALL THIS

804
00:29:37,910 --> 00:29:40,746
RESEARCH OFF THE GROUND, LEM

805
00:29:40,746 --> 00:29:41,948
PHAN, AND TO GET STARTED, AND

806
00:29:41,948 --> 00:29:44,383
ALSO THE BIOSTATISTICS

807
00:29:44,383 --> 00:29:45,718
SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION CENTER

808
00:29:45,718 --> 00:29:47,954
AT DREXEL THAT'S BEEN HELPING ME

809
00:29:47,954 --> 00:29:49,489
WITH ANALYZING THE PRELIMINARY

810
00:29:49,489 --> 00:29:51,357
FINDINGS TO SHARE WITH YOU TODAY

811
00:29:51,357 --> 00:29:53,993
AS IT RELATES TO THE TESTING OF

812
00:29:53,993 --> 00:29:55,495
THE TEXT MESSAGES.

813
00:29:55,495 --> 00:29:57,830
AND THEN LASTLY, I JUST WANT TO

814
00:29:57,830 --> 00:29:59,232
ACKNOWLEDGE AND SHARE THAT I'M

815
00:29:59,232 --> 00:30:01,968
PART OF A COLLECTIVE OF HEALTH

816
00:30:01,968 --> 00:30:04,804
DISPARITIES RESEARCHERS THROUGH

817
00:30:04,804 --> 00:30:05,905
THE FIRST PROGRAM AT DREXEL, WHO

818
00:30:05,905 --> 00:30:07,640
I'M GRATEFUL TO BE WORKING SIDE

819
00:30:07,640 --> 00:30:09,408
BY SIDE WITH, LEARNING FROM, AND

820
00:30:09,408 --> 00:30:11,043
GROWING WITH.

821
00:30:11,043 --> 00:30:17,850
THANK YOU SO MUCH.

822
00:30:17,850 --> 00:30:18,718
>> ALL RIGHT.

823
00:30:18,718 --> 00:30:21,787
WELL, THANKS, DR. PHAN, FOR A

824
00:30:21,787 --> 00:30:23,022
VERY INTERESTING AND INTRIGUING

825
00:30:23,022 --> 00:30:24,824
PRESENTATION.

826
00:30:24,824 --> 00:30:25,958
CERTAINLY THERE'S A LOT OF WORK

827
00:30:25,958 --> 00:30:28,895
BEING DONE, AND THERE'S A LOT

828
00:30:28,895 --> 00:30:32,064
MORE TO CONTINUE TO WORK ON.

829
00:30:32,064 --> 00:30:34,033
JUST WANT TO REMIND FOLKS THAT

830
00:30:34,033 --> 00:30:36,335
YOU CAN SEND AN EMAIL TO ME IF

831
00:30:36,335 --> 00:30:40,506
YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, COMMENTS

832
00:30:40,506 --> 00:30:41,941
ABOUT THE CONTENT BEING

833
00:30:41,941 --> 00:30:43,042
PRESENTED OR YOU WANT TO CHIME

834
00:30:43,042 --> 00:30:44,610
IN TO THIS CONVERSATION, YOU CAN

835
00:30:44,610 --> 00:30:47,380
SEND AN EMAIL, YOU'LL FIND THE

836
00:30:47,380 --> 00:30:50,449
EMAIL INFORMATION RIGHT BELOW

837
00:30:50,449 --> 00:30:53,119
YOUR NIH VIDEOCAST WINDOW.

838
00:30:53,119 --> 00:30:53,920
SO LET'S START WITH THIS.

839
00:30:53,920 --> 00:30:58,224
I THINK THIS IS DEFINITELY

840
00:30:58,224 --> 00:31:01,594
IMPORTANT WORK AND I THINK WE

841
00:31:01,594 --> 00:31:04,564
CAN'T STRESS ENOUGH THAT WHILE

842
00:31:04,564 --> 00:31:09,902
CIGAR USE, PARTICULARLY LITTLE

843
00:31:09,902 --> 00:31:12,104
CIGAR AND CIGARILLO USE HAS BEEN

844
00:31:12,104 --> 00:31:16,042
HAPPENING FOR A LONG TIME, IT'S

845
00:31:16,042 --> 00:31:17,643
SPECIFICALLY FAIRLY PREVALENT

846
00:31:17,643 --> 00:31:19,011
AMONG THE BLACK AND AFRICAN

847
00:31:19,011 --> 00:31:20,079
AMERICAN COMMUNITY, REALLY NOT A

848
00:31:20,079 --> 00:31:21,547
WHOLE LOT OF WORK BEING DONE.

849
00:31:21,547 --> 00:31:25,017
SO I THINK IT'S -- I WANT TO

850
00:31:25,017 --> 00:31:26,218
COMMEND YOU FOR DOING THE WORK

851
00:31:26,218 --> 00:31:29,956
AND REALLY SHINING A LIGHT ON A

852
00:31:29,956 --> 00:31:31,691
PRODUCT THAT IS

853
00:31:31,691 --> 00:31:35,828
DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTING THE

854
00:31:35,828 --> 00:31:37,129
HEALTH OF BLACK AND AFRICAN

855
00:31:37,129 --> 00:31:38,464
AMERICAN POPULATION.

856
00:31:38,464 --> 00:31:39,599
AND I THINK A LOT OF THE WORK

857
00:31:39,599 --> 00:31:42,535
THAT YOU DO IS REALLY TRYING TO

858
00:31:42,535 --> 00:31:47,106
INFORM THE COMMUNICATION OF

859
00:31:47,106 --> 00:31:48,407
INTERVENTIONS AND HELPING PEOPLE

860
00:31:48,407 --> 00:31:52,044
UNDERSTAND THE HARM OF CIGAR,

861
00:31:52,044 --> 00:31:54,981
CIGARILLO AND LITTLE CIGAR NEWS,

862
00:31:54,981 --> 00:31:57,950
AND ALSO TO CORRECT SOME OF THE

863
00:31:57,950 --> 00:31:59,151
MISPERCEPTIONS.

864
00:31:59,151 --> 00:32:00,119
TO THAT FRONT, I THINK IT'S

865
00:32:00,119 --> 00:32:04,390
INTERESTING TO THINK ABOUT WHAT

866
00:32:04,390 --> 00:32:07,226
ARE THE THEMES THAT YOU HAVE

867
00:32:07,226 --> 00:32:10,630
DISCOVERED AND WHAT ARE SOME OF

868
00:32:10,630 --> 00:32:11,530
THESE PERCEPTIONS THAT ARE OUT

869
00:32:11,530 --> 00:32:12,732
THERE THAT WE OUGHT TO DO A

870
00:32:12,732 --> 00:32:14,533
BETTER JOB OF CORRECTING

871
00:32:14,533 --> 00:32:15,568
PEOPLE'S MISPERCEPTIONS.

872
00:32:15,568 --> 00:32:18,871
>> THANK YOU FOR ASKING
THAT,

873
00:32:18,871 --> 00:32:19,639
DR. CHOI.

874
00:32:19,639 --> 00:32:23,309
SO I DON'T THINK OF IT SO MUCH

875
00:32:23,309 --> 00:32:26,479
AS MISPERCEPTION, BUT I ALSO

876
00:32:26,479 --> 00:32:27,580
THINK ABOUT IT AS THE

877
00:32:27,580 --> 00:32:29,181
PERCEPTIONS THAT HAVE BEEN SOLD

878
00:32:29,181 --> 00:32:32,952
TO US BY THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY.

879
00:32:32,952 --> 00:32:35,454
SO WHEN WE LOOKED AT SOME OF THE

880
00:32:35,454 --> 00:32:37,323
SALIENT THEMES, SO THE THREE

881
00:32:37,323 --> 00:32:40,926
DIFFERENT CIGAR PRODUCTS AND

882
00:32:40,926 --> 00:32:42,895
UNIQUE CIGAR PROFILES, AS I PUT

883
00:32:42,895 --> 00:32:44,230
IT, THAT'S EXACTLY HOW THEY'RE

884
00:32:44,230 --> 00:32:46,165
BEING MARKETED OR THE

885
00:32:46,165 --> 00:32:47,833
COMMUNICATIONS AROUND THEM, IN

886
00:32:47,833 --> 00:32:50,670
TERMS OF WHAT THESE TOBACCO

887
00:32:50,670 --> 00:32:53,706
PRODUCTS COULD BE USED AS.

888
00:32:53,706 --> 00:32:58,110
SO WITH THAT IN MIND THEA REALLS

889
00:32:58,110 --> 00:32:59,745
REALLY KIND OF SHAPED LOWER HARM

890
00:32:59,745 --> 00:33:01,814
PERCEPTION, AND I THINK WHAT IS

891
00:33:01,814 --> 00:33:05,418
REALLY NECESSARY IS TO CREATE A

892
00:33:05,418 --> 00:33:08,587
MORE EQUITABLE COMMUNICATION

893
00:33:08,587 --> 00:33:09,588
ENVIRONMENT.

894
00:33:09,588 --> 00:33:12,625
SO INFORMATION TO HELP SHARE

895
00:33:12,625 --> 00:33:15,494
MORE ACCURATE INFORMATION LIKE

896
00:33:15,494 --> 00:33:17,029
THAT THESE PRODUCTS ARE HARMFUL,

897
00:33:17,029 --> 00:33:19,732
AND THEN ALSO TO KIND OF

898
00:33:19,732 --> 00:33:23,069
DISENTANGLE AND CHANGE ATTITUDES

899
00:33:23,069 --> 00:33:25,371
THAT SMOKING A CIGARILLO, FOR

900
00:33:25,371 --> 00:33:26,739
EXAMPLE, WOULD ACTUALLY, YOU

901
00:33:26,739 --> 00:33:30,509
KNOW, LEAD TO STRESS RELIEF.

902
00:33:30,509 --> 00:33:33,212
OR LEAD TO LIKE A MORE FUN

903
00:33:33,212 --> 00:33:34,280
EXPERIENCE HANGING OUT WITH

904
00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:36,048
FRIENDS.

905
00:33:36,048 --> 00:33:38,784
AND SO IN TERMS OF LIKE THOSE

906
00:33:38,784 --> 00:33:42,288
PERCEPTIONS, WE KNOW THAT

907
00:33:42,288 --> 00:33:45,124
PERCEPTION IS MALLEABLE, WE

908
00:33:45,124 --> 00:33:46,125
COULD AIM FOR CHANGING THEM LIKE

909
00:33:46,125 --> 00:33:47,960
THEY DID FOR CIGARETTE SMOKING

910
00:33:47,960 --> 00:33:49,628
YEARS AGO, SO I THINK NOW IS THE

911
00:33:49,628 --> 00:33:51,363
TIME THAT WE FOCUS ON CIGAR

912
00:33:51,363 --> 00:33:52,865
SMOKING AND CHANGING THOSE

913
00:33:52,865 --> 00:33:55,668
PERCEPTIONS.

914
00:33:55,668 --> 00:33:57,169
>> VERY TRUE INDEED.

915
00:33:57,169 --> 00:34:00,005
NOW, YOU TALK ABOUT AN EQUITABLE

916
00:34:00,005 --> 00:34:02,641
COMMUNICATION AND ENVIRONMENT,

917
00:34:02,641 --> 00:34:04,643
AND YOU ALSO TOUCHED ON, OF

918
00:34:04,643 --> 00:34:05,711
COURSE, THE ELEPHANT IN THE

919
00:34:05,711 --> 00:34:06,479
ROOM, WHICH IS THE TOBACCO

920
00:34:06,479 --> 00:34:08,881
INDUSTRY AND HOW THEY MARKET

921
00:34:08,881 --> 00:34:12,051
PRODUCTS TO DIFFERENT

922
00:34:12,051 --> 00:34:12,918
POPULATIONS WITH DIFFERENT

923
00:34:12,918 --> 00:34:13,719
PRODUCTS, THEY POSITION THEM

924
00:34:13,719 --> 00:34:16,222
DIFFERENTLY TO MAXIMIZE THEIR

925
00:34:16,222 --> 00:34:17,289
PROFIT.

926
00:34:17,289 --> 00:34:20,693
SO WHILE I THINK WE THINK ABOUT

927
00:34:20,693 --> 00:34:21,660
EQUITABLE COMMUNICATION, WE ALSO

928
00:34:21,660 --> 00:34:23,662
NEED TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO

929
00:34:23,662 --> 00:34:28,033
REGULATE THE INDUSTRY'S

930
00:34:28,033 --> 00:34:29,135
ADVERTISING EFFORT, PARTICULARLY

931
00:34:29,135 --> 00:34:31,637
THOSE TARGETING THE RACIALLY

932
00:34:31,637 --> 00:34:33,072
MINORITIZED GROUPS.

933
00:34:33,072 --> 00:34:37,209
SO IN THAT SPIRIT, WHAT DO YOU

934
00:34:37,209 --> 00:34:40,279
THINK ARE SOME OF THE REGULATORY

935
00:34:40,279 --> 00:34:40,913
IMPLICATIONS OF THE WORK THAT

936
00:34:40,913 --> 00:34:44,183
YOU HAVE DONE SO FAR, AND ALSO

937
00:34:44,183 --> 00:34:45,551
WITH THE COLLECTIVE WORK THAT'S

938
00:34:45,551 --> 00:34:47,820
BEING DONE SURROUNDING CIGAR,

939
00:34:47,820 --> 00:34:50,990
CIGARILLOS, WHAT ARE SOME OF THE

940
00:34:50,990 --> 00:34:51,891
REGULATIONS THAT COULD BE IN

941
00:34:51,891 --> 00:34:55,261
PLACE THAT REALLY HELP

942
00:34:55,261 --> 00:34:57,663
BALANCING -- NOT JUST BALANCING,

943
00:34:57,663 --> 00:34:59,298
TO MAKE SURE PEOPLE GET THE

944
00:34:59,298 --> 00:35:00,266
RIGHT INFORMATION, THE CORRECT

945
00:35:00,266 --> 00:35:01,500
INFORMATION AND NOT BEING

946
00:35:01,500 --> 00:35:03,469
CONFUSED BY THE INDUSTRY

947
00:35:03,469 --> 00:35:06,438
TACTICS?

948
00:35:06,438 --> 00:35:08,207
>> I THINK THE FIRST ONE
IS

949
00:35:08,207 --> 00:35:11,644
BANNING FLAVORS, AND SO THE USE

950
00:35:11,644 --> 00:35:14,847
OF FLAVORS STILL EXISTS, THE

951
00:35:14,847 --> 00:35:17,683
AVAILABILITY OF FLAVORS STILL

952
00:35:17,683 --> 00:35:18,818
EXIST FOR LITTLE FILTERED CIGARS

953
00:35:18,818 --> 00:35:20,186
AND CIGARILLOS AND WE KNOW IT'S

954
00:35:20,186 --> 00:35:21,520
ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER

955
00:35:21,520 --> 00:35:24,890
INITIATION AND USE AS WELL, AND

956
00:35:24,890 --> 00:35:28,394
SO ONE POTENTIAL POLICY WOULD BE

957
00:35:28,394 --> 00:35:30,129
RELATED TO BANNING FLAVORS IN

958
00:35:30,129 --> 00:35:31,330
CIGAR PRODUCTS.

959
00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:34,733
SECONDLY, THINKING ABOUT THE

960
00:35:34,733 --> 00:35:37,503
PACKAGING OF CIGARILLOS, SO

961
00:35:37,503 --> 00:35:41,440
THEY'RE SOLD AS PACKS OF 1, 3 OR

962
00:35:41,440 --> 00:35:42,942
5 FOR VERY CHEAP AND A

963
00:35:42,942 --> 00:35:44,009
PARTICIPANT MENTIONED THEY COULD

964
00:35:44,009 --> 00:35:47,112
BUY IT FOR LESS THAN $3.

965
00:35:47,112 --> 00:35:52,918
AND SO THAT IS CHANGING THE

966
00:35:52,918 --> 00:35:55,621
PACKAGING AMOUNT IS ANOTHER

967
00:35:55,621 --> 00:35:56,522
POTENTIAL AVENUE.

968
00:35:56,522 --> 00:35:59,158
AND ALSO JUST THINKING ABOUT

969
00:35:59,158 --> 00:36:00,693
LIKE WHAT KIND OF FEATURES ARE

970
00:36:00,693 --> 00:36:02,361
BEING USED FOR ADVERTISING ON

971
00:36:02,361 --> 00:36:03,896
THESE PRODUCTS.

972
00:36:03,896 --> 00:36:08,300
LIKE A -- THAT I JUST SAW AT THE

973
00:36:08,300 --> 00:36:09,802
GAS STATION, IT DOES LOOK REALLY

974
00:36:09,802 --> 00:36:12,872
NICE IN TERMS OF PACKAGING, AND

975
00:36:12,872 --> 00:36:13,939
THERE'S A LOT OF THOUGHT TO GET

976
00:36:13,939 --> 00:36:15,708
THAT TO BE ATTRACTIVE TO YOUNG

977
00:36:15,708 --> 00:36:16,141
ADULTS.

978
00:36:16,141 --> 00:36:18,644
SO SOME POLICIES RELATED TO

979
00:36:18,644 --> 00:36:20,846
MAKING PACKAGING LESS APPEALING

980
00:36:20,846 --> 00:36:23,148
AS WELL.

981
00:36:23,148 --> 00:36:28,287
>> YEAH, THE PACKAGING IS

982
00:36:28,287 --> 00:36:29,355
INTERESTING BECAUSE THERE ARE

983
00:36:29,355 --> 00:36:30,890
COUNTRIES THAT HAVE DONE -- AT

984
00:36:30,890 --> 00:36:32,358
LEAST ON CIGARETTE PACKAGING,

985
00:36:32,358 --> 00:36:34,093
THEY MAKE PLAIN PACKAGES WITH

986
00:36:34,093 --> 00:36:35,728
KIND OF A BROWNISH-LOOKING COLOR

987
00:36:35,728 --> 00:36:41,000
AND NOTHING ELSE, AND I THINK

988
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:44,036
THERE'S ONLY -- BROWNISH-LOOKING

989
00:36:44,036 --> 00:36:45,771
COLOR, THE PRINT NAME OF THE

990
00:36:45,771 --> 00:36:47,806
BRAND AND IT'S THE EXACTLY SAME

991
00:36:47,806 --> 00:36:50,876
FONT FOR EVERY SINGLE PRODUCT

992
00:36:50,876 --> 00:36:54,213
AND OF COURSE THE HUGE ONE OF

993
00:36:54,213 --> 00:36:55,648
LABELS THAT THEY STICK ON THERE.

994
00:36:55,648 --> 00:36:58,484
WHICH THEN BRINGS TO ANOTHER

995
00:36:58,484 --> 00:36:59,919
QUESTION, BECAUSE I DON'T THINK

996
00:36:59,919 --> 00:37:03,088
THE SAME KIND OF GRAPHIC LABELS

997
00:37:03,088 --> 00:37:05,491
REQUIRED FOR CIGARETTES ARE

998
00:37:05,491 --> 00:37:07,593
REQUIRED FOR LITTLE CIGARS AND

999
00:37:07,593 --> 00:37:08,928
CIGARILLOS, AND I DON'T EVEN --

1000
00:37:08,928 --> 00:37:11,196
NOT JUST, YOU KNOW, IN THE U.S.,

1001
00:37:11,196 --> 00:37:12,631
I JUST CAN'T EVEN RECALL IF

1002
00:37:12,631 --> 00:37:14,166
THERE ARE OTHER COUNTRIES THAT

1003
00:37:14,166 --> 00:37:16,602
HAVE TREATED CIGAR, YOU KNOW, IN

1004
00:37:16,602 --> 00:37:21,607
THE SAME WAY IN TERMS OF THE

1005
00:37:21,607 --> 00:37:21,840
LABEL.

1006
00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:24,810
SO WHAT IS YOUR THOUGHT ON THAT?

1007
00:37:24,810 --> 00:37:27,012
>> I UNDERSTAND THAT
THERE'S

1008
00:37:27,012 --> 00:37:29,315
SOME WORK BEING DONE THROUGH

1009
00:37:29,315 --> 00:37:32,251
SOME OTHER RESEARCHERS RELATED

1010
00:37:32,251 --> 00:37:36,488
TO MORE LIKE GRAPHIC WASHING WAG

1011
00:37:36,488 --> 00:37:38,223
LABELS FOR CIGAR PRODUCTS.

1012
00:37:38,223 --> 00:37:39,992
I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT AND WE

1013
00:37:39,992 --> 00:37:41,293
DEFINITELY NEED TO DO IT.

1014
00:37:41,293 --> 00:37:43,629
IT COULD POTENTIALLY MAKE A HUGE

1015
00:37:43,629 --> 00:37:48,200
DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF OUR MORE

1016
00:37:48,200 --> 00:37:49,301
POSITIVE PERCEPTIONS ABOUT

1017
00:37:49,301 --> 00:37:50,402
CIGARILLOS, FOR EXAMPLE, AMONG

1018
00:37:50,402 --> 00:37:55,641
YOUNG ADULTS.

1019
00:37:55,641 --> 00:37:57,376
>> YEAH, I THINK THAT
WOULD BE

1020
00:37:57,376 --> 00:38:01,013
INTERESTING TO SEE WHAT KIND

1021
00:38:01,013 --> 00:38:01,647
OF -- WHAT WOULD BE THE

1022
00:38:01,647 --> 00:38:02,081
REQUIREMENT.

1023
00:38:02,081 --> 00:38:03,582
AND THEN GIVEN THE PACKAGING

1024
00:38:03,582 --> 00:38:04,249
CHALLENGE.

1025
00:38:04,249 --> 00:38:07,019
SO WITH THE LITTLE CIGAR

1026
00:38:07,019 --> 00:38:08,120
COMING -- WHERE ARE YOU GOING TO

1027
00:38:08,120 --> 00:38:09,221
PUT THAT GRAPHIC WARNING LABEL

1028
00:38:09,221 --> 00:38:12,157
WHEN IT'S JUST LIKE A SINGLE

1029
00:38:12,157 --> 00:38:13,459
PACK OF LITTLE CIGARS, WHAT DO

1030
00:38:13,459 --> 00:38:15,527
YOU DO WITH THOSE?

1031
00:38:15,527 --> 00:38:17,629
>> WELL, MAYBE WE WON'T
HAVE A

1032
00:38:17,629 --> 00:38:19,798
PACK OF A SINGLE CIGARILLO

1033
00:38:19,798 --> 00:38:20,499
ANYMORE.

1034
00:38:20,499 --> 00:38:23,969
>> I THINK THAT'S A GOOD
POINT.

1035
00:38:23,969 --> 00:38:26,939
I THINK THERE'S PREVIOUS WORK

1036
00:38:26,939 --> 00:38:28,707
BEING DONE LOOKING AT LIKE THE

1037
00:38:28,707 --> 00:38:31,443
PACK SIZE AND HOW THAT RELATES

1038
00:38:31,443 --> 00:38:33,178
TO LITTLE CIGAR AND CIGARILLO

1039
00:38:33,178 --> 00:38:33,645
SMOKING.

1040
00:38:33,645 --> 00:38:35,614
AND IT DOES SHOW THAT -- I THINK

1041
00:38:35,614 --> 00:38:39,118
IT'S KIND OF ALSO MIRRORED THE

1042
00:38:39,118 --> 00:38:41,186
POLICY AND REGULATION

1043
00:38:41,186 --> 00:38:42,755
SURROUNDING CIGARETTES IN THE

1044
00:38:42,755 --> 00:38:45,824
PAST, WHICH WE NOW HAVE THE

1045
00:38:45,824 --> 00:38:47,693
STANDARDIZED 20 CIGARETTE PACK,

1046
00:38:47,693 --> 00:38:49,428
IF IT'S NOT BECAUSE OF THE

1047
00:38:49,428 --> 00:38:50,696
INDUSTRY DECIDED TO MAKE THEM,

1048
00:38:50,696 --> 00:38:52,498
YOU KNOW, 20 CIGARETTES PER

1049
00:38:52,498 --> 00:38:55,300
PACK, THEY WOULD RATHER SELL

1050
00:38:55,300 --> 00:38:57,302
SINGLES OR 5, YOU KNOW, WHATEVER

1051
00:38:57,302 --> 00:38:59,705
QUANTITY THEY SEE FIT, BUT IT

1052
00:38:59,705 --> 00:39:01,874
WAS ACTUALLY FOR REGULATIONS

1053
00:39:01,874 --> 00:39:04,043
THEY HAVE TO BE SOLD IN PACKS OF

1054
00:39:04,043 --> 00:39:04,610
20.

1055
00:39:04,610 --> 00:39:08,480
SO MAYBE SIMILAR STRATEGY WOULD

1056
00:39:08,480 --> 00:39:11,083
BE APPLIED, WILL BE APPLICABLE

1057
00:39:11,083 --> 00:39:12,851
IN THIS SITUATION SO WE DON'T

1058
00:39:12,851 --> 00:39:14,887
HAVE THOSE CHEAP CIGAR AND

1059
00:39:14,887 --> 00:39:17,256
CIGARILLOS FLOATING AROUND,

1060
00:39:17,256 --> 00:39:18,223
PARTICULARLY IN THE

1061
00:39:18,223 --> 00:39:19,224
SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGED

1062
00:39:19,224 --> 00:39:23,262
NEIGHBORHOODS.

1063
00:39:23,262 --> 00:39:24,363
SO ARE THERE OTHER THINGS THAT

1064
00:39:24,363 --> 00:39:27,966
YOU'RE WORKING ON AT DREXEL NOW

1065
00:39:27,966 --> 00:39:30,069
THAT YOU'RE THERE AND HAVE A

1066
00:39:30,069 --> 00:39:31,537
COHORT OF PEOPLE INTERESTED IN

1067
00:39:31,537 --> 00:39:33,472
HEALTH DISPARITY RESEARCH, ARE

1068
00:39:33,472 --> 00:39:34,573
YOU WALKING THE NEIGHBORHOOD AND

1069
00:39:34,573 --> 00:39:35,674
JUST TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHERE

1070
00:39:35,674 --> 00:39:37,643
ARE THE TOBACCO OUTLETS AND

1071
00:39:37,643 --> 00:39:39,178
WHERE ARE THE PEOPLE SELLING

1072
00:39:39,178 --> 00:39:40,379
THESE THINGS AND JUST TELL THEM

1073
00:39:40,379 --> 00:39:41,346
THAT THEY SHOULD BE SELLING

1074
00:39:41,346 --> 00:39:44,783
SOMETHING ELSE?

1075
00:39:44,783 --> 00:39:45,284
[LAUGHTER]

1076
00:39:45,284 --> 00:39:48,153
>> I'M LEARNING A LOT
THROUGH MY

1077
00:39:48,153 --> 00:39:49,755
FACULTY COHORT, THROUGH THE

1078
00:39:49,755 --> 00:39:50,789
FIRST PROGRAM, AND THEY'RE ALL

1079
00:39:50,789 --> 00:39:52,424
DOING REALLY AMAZING AND

1080
00:39:52,424 --> 00:39:53,859
INTERESTING WORK.

1081
00:39:53,859 --> 00:39:55,494
I THINK THERE'S A LOT OF OVERLAP

1082
00:39:55,494 --> 00:39:58,030
AS WELL, SO IF WE CAN REALLY

1083
00:39:58,030 --> 00:40:00,299
HONE IN ON THIS ENERGY THAT WE

1084
00:40:00,299 --> 00:40:01,633
HAVE FOCUSED ON HEALTH

1085
00:40:01,633 --> 00:40:02,534
DISPARITIES, WE COULD

1086
00:40:02,534 --> 00:40:03,936
POTENTIALLY DO SOME REALLY

1087
00:40:03,936 --> 00:40:05,471
EXCITING HEALTH DISPARITIES

1088
00:40:05,471 --> 00:40:06,371
RESEARCH TOGETHER.

1089
00:40:06,371 --> 00:40:11,176
SOME OF MY COLLEAGUES FOCUSED ON

1090
00:40:11,176 --> 00:40:12,277
UNDERSTANDING MORE ABOUT RACISM

1091
00:40:12,277 --> 00:40:13,278
AND DISCRIMINATION, AND OF

1092
00:40:13,278 --> 00:40:15,781
COURSE THAT REALLY ALSO RELATES

1093
00:40:15,781 --> 00:40:17,649
TO TOBACCO USE, AND SO I'M

1094
00:40:17,649 --> 00:40:20,819
INTERESTED IN LEARNING MORE

1095
00:40:20,819 --> 00:40:22,888
ABOUT HOW EXPERIENCING RACISM

1096
00:40:22,888 --> 00:40:25,624
AND DISCRIMINATION COULD IMPACT

1097
00:40:25,624 --> 00:40:28,160
TOBACCO USE.

1098
00:40:28,160 --> 00:40:30,896
ALSO I AM WORKING ON MORE

1099
00:40:30,896 --> 00:40:33,098
DISAGGREGATED DATA AMONG ASIAN

1100
00:40:33,098 --> 00:40:33,732
AMERICAN INDIVIDUALS AND

1101
00:40:33,732 --> 00:40:34,833
COMMUNITIES AS RELATES TO

1102
00:40:34,833 --> 00:40:37,936
TOBACCO USE, AND SO HERE

1103
00:40:37,936 --> 00:40:40,105
LOCALLY, I'VE PARTNERED WITH

1104
00:40:40,105 --> 00:40:42,074
JEFFERSON CHINATOWN COMMUNITY

1105
00:40:42,074 --> 00:40:43,742
CLINIC, WHERE WE'VE LAUNCHED A

1106
00:40:43,742 --> 00:40:45,043
TOBACCO SCREENING INITIATIVE

1107
00:40:45,043 --> 00:40:47,779
THAT'S MORE PRACTICE-BASED.

1108
00:40:47,779 --> 00:40:49,314
SO THAT CLINIC SERVES UNINSURED

1109
00:40:49,314 --> 00:40:52,384
PATIENTS IN CHINATOWN, AND SO

1110
00:40:52,384 --> 00:40:56,121
WITH A SENSITIVITY TO THAT

1111
00:40:56,121 --> 00:40:57,222
POPULATION AS WELL AS THEIR

1112
00:40:57,222 --> 00:40:58,991
NEEDS AND WANTING TO JUST CHANGE

1113
00:40:58,991 --> 00:41:01,059
AND, YOU KNOW, ADAPT WHAT WE

1114
00:41:01,059 --> 00:41:04,763
KNOW ABOUT THE EVOLVING TOBACCO

1115
00:41:04,763 --> 00:41:06,098
LANDSCAPE, WE'VE LAUNCHED A

1116
00:41:06,098 --> 00:41:07,733
SCREENING INITIATIVE FOR WE'RE

1117
00:41:07,733 --> 00:41:09,168
ASKING ABOUT ALL DIFFERENT TYPES

1118
00:41:09,168 --> 00:41:12,137
OF CIGAR PRODUCTS VERSUS JUST

1119
00:41:12,137 --> 00:41:13,305
CIGARETTES.

1120
00:41:13,305 --> 00:41:16,074
AND THEN ALSO UNDERSTANDING AND

1121
00:41:16,074 --> 00:41:17,376
THINKING THROUGH PATIENTS'

1122
00:41:17,376 --> 00:41:18,677
INTEREST IN LIKE HEALTH

1123
00:41:18,677 --> 00:41:20,546
EDUCATION MATERIALS OR WORKSHOPS

1124
00:41:20,546 --> 00:41:22,314
RELATED TO CESSATION.

1125
00:41:22,314 --> 00:41:23,715
AND SO THAT'S AN AREA THAT I'M

1126
00:41:23,715 --> 00:41:26,118
WORKING ON LOCALLY.

1127
00:41:26,118 --> 00:41:28,353
I'VE ALSO STARTED SHARING WITH

1128
00:41:28,353 --> 00:41:32,457
LARGER NATIONAL DATASETS AND

1129
00:41:32,457 --> 00:41:34,293
OPPORTUNITIES TO ASK ABOUT

1130
00:41:34,293 --> 00:41:36,662
DISAGGREGATED DATA, AND SO AMONG

1131
00:41:36,662 --> 00:41:37,462
ASIAN AMERICANS, SO THAT'S

1132
00:41:37,462 --> 00:41:39,865
SOMETHING THAT I'M REALLY

1133
00:41:39,865 --> 00:41:41,600
INTERESTED IN DOING AND I THINK

1134
00:41:41,600 --> 00:41:43,235
IS REALLY IMPORTANT IN ADDITION

1135
00:41:43,235 --> 00:41:45,804
TO UNDERSTANDING HEALTH

1136
00:41:45,804 --> 00:41:47,472
DISPARITIES RELATED TO TOBACCO

1137
00:41:47,472 --> 00:41:50,175
THAT ARE REALLY BURDENING BLACK

1138
00:41:50,175 --> 00:41:52,811
INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES.

1139
00:41:52,811 --> 00:41:54,346
>> THAT'S FASCINATING
WORK.

1140
00:41:54,346 --> 00:41:55,547
I'M VERY HAPPY TO HEAR THAT

1141
00:41:55,547 --> 00:41:59,184
YOU'RE DOING WORK WITH THE ASIAN

1142
00:41:59,184 --> 00:42:00,185
AMERICAN POPULATION, AND

1143
00:42:00,185 --> 00:42:02,020
PARTICULARLY TRYING TO FIND WAYS

1144
00:42:02,020 --> 00:42:03,789
TO DISAGGREGATE THE DATA.

1145
00:42:03,789 --> 00:42:06,325
I THINK SIMILAR CAN BE SAID TO

1146
00:42:06,325 --> 00:42:08,727
THE BLACK COMMUNITY BETWEEN THE

1147
00:42:08,727 --> 00:42:11,230
PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC

1148
00:42:11,230 --> 00:42:16,368
ORIGIN VERSUS THOSE WHO ARE

1149
00:42:16,368 --> 00:42:17,369
DESCENDANTS OF THE SLAVE TRADE,

1150
00:42:17,369 --> 00:42:18,804
I THINK THEY ARE UNDER VERY

1151
00:42:18,804 --> 00:42:19,905
DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES IN SOME

1152
00:42:19,905 --> 00:42:21,306
WAY, THAT THERE ALSO MIGHT BE

1153
00:42:21,306 --> 00:42:22,407
DIFFERENCES IN HOW THEY RESPOND

1154
00:42:22,407 --> 00:42:24,409
TO THESE DIFFERENT

1155
00:42:24,409 --> 00:42:25,043
ADVERTISEMENTS AS WELL AS

1156
00:42:25,043 --> 00:42:27,546
EDUCATIONAL MESSAGES.

1157
00:42:27,546 --> 00:42:30,082
ONE OF THE THINGS YOU MENTIONED

1158
00:42:30,082 --> 00:42:31,950
IS ALSO THINKING ABOUT -- AND I

1159
00:42:31,950 --> 00:42:34,586
WANTED TO HEAR YOUR THOUGHT ON

1160
00:42:34,586 --> 00:42:37,122
IT, THE FACT OF, YOU KNOW, I

1161
00:42:37,122 --> 00:42:41,793
THINK THIS IS NOT A SECRET, THIS

1162
00:42:41,793 --> 00:42:46,164
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN THIS

1163
00:42:46,164 --> 00:42:51,870
COUNTRY, AND -- F FABRIC AS PART

1164
00:42:51,870 --> 00:42:53,305
OF THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE.

1165
00:42:53,305 --> 00:42:56,942
HOW WOULD THAT -- HAVE YOU

1166
00:42:56,942 --> 00:42:58,777
CONCEIVED WHETHER DISCRIMINATION

1167
00:42:58,777 --> 00:43:02,748
PLAYS A ROLE IN THE RECEPTION OF

1168
00:43:02,748 --> 00:43:05,684
THE INDUSTRY MESSAGES, AND ALSO

1169
00:43:05,684 --> 00:43:07,986
THE RECEPTION OF HEALTH

1170
00:43:07,986 --> 00:43:11,723
EDUCATION MESSAGES, AND IF THERE

1171
00:43:11,723 --> 00:43:13,358
ARE THINGS TO BE LEARNED FROM

1172
00:43:13,358 --> 00:43:16,428
THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY, ARE THERE

1173
00:43:16,428 --> 00:43:19,464
THINGS THAT WE COULD HAVE DONE

1174
00:43:19,464 --> 00:43:20,465
DIFFERENTLY IN OUR HEALTH

1175
00:43:20,465 --> 00:43:23,635
EDUCATION MESSAGES?

1176
00:43:23,635 --> 00:43:27,372
>> THOSE ARE REALLY GOOD

1177
00:43:27,372 --> 00:43:29,341
QUESTIONS, KELVIN, AND SOMETHING

1178
00:43:29,341 --> 00:43:30,442
THAT I'VE BEEN THINKING ABOUT.

1179
00:43:30,442 --> 00:43:32,311
SO THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY HAS DONE

1180
00:43:32,311 --> 00:43:35,914
A REALLY GOOD JOB OF PULLING IN

1181
00:43:35,914 --> 00:43:40,118
FROM SOCIAL MARKETING AND

1182
00:43:40,118 --> 00:43:41,953
ADVERTISING, FOR EXAMPLE, RIGHT

1183
00:43:41,953 --> 00:43:45,057
NOW IS BLACK HISTORY MONTH, AND

1184
00:43:45,057 --> 00:43:46,358
LUNAR NEW YEAR JUST PASSED, AND

1185
00:43:46,358 --> 00:43:48,760
SO THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY HAS

1186
00:43:48,760 --> 00:43:53,398
LEVERAGED THESE VERY IMPORTANT

1187
00:43:53,398 --> 00:43:56,201
EVENTS AND SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES

1188
00:43:56,201 --> 00:43:58,070
TO HIGHLIGHT AND MANIPULATE OUR

1189
00:43:58,070 --> 00:44:01,707
PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE TOBACCO

1190
00:44:01,707 --> 00:44:03,442
INDUSTRY AND THEIR PRODUCTS, IN

1191
00:44:03,442 --> 00:44:04,343
TERMS OF HEALTH EDUCATION WHAT

1192
00:44:04,343 --> 00:44:07,512
WE CAN BE DOING, I THINK IS ALSO

1193
00:44:07,512 --> 00:44:09,381
LEVERAGING AND UNDERSTANDING

1194
00:44:09,381 --> 00:44:10,916
MORE ABOUT SOCIAL MARKETING AND

1195
00:44:10,916 --> 00:44:13,752
WHAT IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO

1196
00:44:13,752 --> 00:44:15,287
INDIVIDUALS AND CREATING MORE --

1197
00:44:15,287 --> 00:44:18,290
I WOULD SAY LIKE OUT OF THE BOX

1198
00:44:18,290 --> 00:44:20,058
MESSAGING, WE'VE TYPICALLY

1199
00:44:20,058 --> 00:44:23,762
FOCUSED ON HEALTH HARM AND

1200
00:44:23,762 --> 00:44:24,329
NICOTINE ADDICTION WHICH OF

1201
00:44:24,329 --> 00:44:25,564
COURSE IS REALLY IMPORTANT, BUT

1202
00:44:25,564 --> 00:44:28,500
PART OF THE K99 R00 IS ALSO

1203
00:44:28,500 --> 00:44:29,801
UNDERSTANDING HOW CAN WE TIE IN

1204
00:44:29,801 --> 00:44:31,370
SOME OF THESE OTHER BELIEFS OR

1205
00:44:31,370 --> 00:44:32,471
THINGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT TO

1206
00:44:32,471 --> 00:44:35,006
YOUNG ADULTS TO CHANGE THOSE

1207
00:44:35,006 --> 00:44:36,541
ATTITUDES TOWARDS CIGAR SMOKING.

1208
00:44:36,541 --> 00:44:38,343
AND SO I THINK IT'S TIME FOR US

1209
00:44:38,343 --> 00:44:39,511
TO THINK CREATIVELY.

1210
00:44:39,511 --> 00:44:42,481
I'D LOVE TO HEAR OTHER PEOPLE'S

1211
00:44:42,481 --> 00:44:43,548
THOUGHTS THAT HAVE WORKED FOR

1212
00:44:43,548 --> 00:44:46,385
THEM OR THAT THEY'RE THINKING

1213
00:44:46,385 --> 00:44:49,254
THROUGH AS IT RELATES TO HEALTH

1214
00:44:49,254 --> 00:44:50,655
EDUCATION, BUT I THINK IT'S

1215
00:44:50,655 --> 00:44:52,891
THOSE UNDERLYING IDEAS AS WELL

1216
00:44:52,891 --> 00:44:56,128
AS THE MEDIANS THAT WE USE.

1217
00:44:56,128 --> 00:45:00,065
SO THINKING MORE ABOUT LIKE

1218
00:45:00,065 --> 00:45:07,038
HEALTH EDUCATION ON WEBSITES,

1219
00:45:07,038 --> 00:45:08,039
SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS AS WELL

1220
00:45:08,039 --> 00:45:09,775
AS LIKE IN OUR NEIGHBORHOOD.

1221
00:45:09,775 --> 00:45:11,076
SO THERE'S A LOT OF TOBACCO

1222
00:45:11,076 --> 00:45:11,843
ADVERTISING IN CERTAIN

1223
00:45:11,843 --> 00:45:17,416
NEIGHBORHOODS, BUT THERE'S NO

1224
00:45:17,416 --> 00:45:18,517
SALIENT HEALTH EDUCATION THAT

1225
00:45:18,517 --> 00:45:19,651
ACTUALLY RESONATES WITH FOLKS OF

1226
00:45:19,651 --> 00:45:20,285
THAT COMMUNITY.

1227
00:45:20,285 --> 00:45:21,520
SO I THINK THAT IS REALLY

1228
00:45:21,520 --> 00:45:22,721
IMPORTANT.

1229
00:45:22,721 --> 00:45:24,256
SO A LOT OF OUR RESEARCH IS

1230
00:45:24,256 --> 00:45:26,224
UNDERSTANDING HOW DO WE START TO

1231
00:45:26,224 --> 00:45:31,296
SHIFT AND MAKE CHANGE WITH HOW

1232
00:45:31,296 --> 00:45:31,830
COMMUNICATION INEQUALITY.

1233
00:45:31,830 --> 00:45:34,466
>> I THINK THAT WOULD BE A

1234
00:45:34,466 --> 00:45:35,767
COMBINATION OF REGULATION AND

1235
00:45:35,767 --> 00:45:38,003
THEN, YOU KNOW, HEALTH EDUCATION

1236
00:45:38,003 --> 00:45:40,972
INTERVENTION BEING PRESENT IN

1237
00:45:40,972 --> 00:45:41,606
THE COMMUNITY, THAT BEING

1238
00:45:41,606 --> 00:45:43,675
AFFECTED THE MOST, AND SO WE CAN

1239
00:45:43,675 --> 00:45:45,444
THEN START CHANGING THE

1240
00:45:45,444 --> 00:45:47,746
PERCEPTIONS AND BELIEFS

1241
00:45:47,746 --> 00:45:49,114
GRADUALLY THROUGH THAT APPROACH,

1242
00:45:49,114 --> 00:45:50,415
AND I THINK IT'S INTERESTING,

1243
00:45:50,415 --> 00:45:56,855
AND I THINK YOUR RESUMMONS KINDD

1244
00:45:56,855 --> 00:45:59,524
OF REMINDED ME OF THE WORK DONE

1245
00:45:59,524 --> 00:46:02,327
BY DR. CARL BURKE IN TERMS OF

1246
00:46:02,327 --> 00:46:06,364
LOOKING AT -- OF CIGARETTE

1247
00:46:06,364 --> 00:46:06,832
SMOKERS.

1248
00:46:06,832 --> 00:46:07,866
I WONDER IF THERE'S SOMETHING

1249
00:46:07,866 --> 00:46:10,335
THAT CAN BE DONE IN PARALLEL

1250
00:46:10,335 --> 00:46:13,171
LOOKING AT THE PSYCHOGRAPHICS OF

1251
00:46:13,171 --> 00:46:14,506
CIGAR SMOKERS AND PARTICULARLY

1252
00:46:14,506 --> 00:46:16,942
USERS OF VARIOUS TYPE OF CIGAR

1253
00:46:16,942 --> 00:46:18,477
PRODUCT, IF THEY HAVE A

1254
00:46:18,477 --> 00:46:23,281
DIFFERENT TYPE OF ASPIRATION OR

1255
00:46:23,281 --> 00:46:25,016
THINGS THAT ARE VALUES THAT ARE

1256
00:46:25,016 --> 00:46:30,322
SALIENT TO THEM AND THAT SO THEN

1257
00:46:30,322 --> 00:46:34,025
YOU CAN TAILOR THE MESSAGE, THAT

1258
00:46:34,025 --> 00:46:36,528
MAY BE AN ADDITIONAL WAY HOW TO

1259
00:46:36,528 --> 00:46:38,129
THINK ABOUT FRAMING MESSAGES.

1260
00:46:38,129 --> 00:46:40,599
>> THE OTHER DIFFICULT
THINGS TG

1261
00:46:40,599 --> 00:46:41,533
WHEN YOU'RE THINKING ABOUT

1262
00:46:41,533 --> 00:46:44,035
CHANGING SOME OF THESE ATTITUDES

1263
00:46:44,035 --> 00:46:47,372
IS THAT IF A CIGAR PRODUCT, FOR

1264
00:46:47,372 --> 00:46:48,840
EXAMPLE, IS SEEN TO BE USED IN

1265
00:46:48,840 --> 00:46:50,308
FUN SOCIAL EVENTS AND THAT'S AN

1266
00:46:50,308 --> 00:46:51,510
ATTITUDE THAT YOU'RE TRYING TO

1267
00:46:51,510 --> 00:46:54,446
CHANGE, IT MIGHT CREATE SOME

1268
00:46:54,446 --> 00:46:57,182
COGNITIVE DISSIDENCE, SO

1269
00:46:57,182 --> 00:47:00,819
THINKING ABOUT HOW DO YOU USE

1270
00:47:00,819 --> 00:47:02,587
HEALTH EDUCATION, AND WHAT KIND

1271
00:47:02,587 --> 00:47:05,123
OF WORDING OR CONTENT CAN REALLY

1272
00:47:05,123 --> 00:47:10,295
HELP DO THAT IN THE RIGHT WAY.

1273
00:47:10,295 --> 00:47:11,129
>> YEAH.

1274
00:47:11,129 --> 00:47:12,364
WELL, I GUESS WE HAVE TO START

1275
00:47:12,364 --> 00:47:14,432
GOING TO THESE FUN PLACES AND

1276
00:47:14,432 --> 00:47:18,537
SEE WHAT'S GOING ON THERE.

1277
00:47:18,537 --> 00:47:18,837
[LAUGHTER]

1278
00:47:18,837 --> 00:47:19,538
FOR RESEARCH.

1279
00:47:19,538 --> 00:47:21,473
ALL FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES.

1280
00:47:21,473 --> 00:47:22,707
WE'RE NOT HAVING FUN TODAY.

1281
00:47:22,707 --> 00:47:25,744
WE WON'T BE.

1282
00:47:25,744 --> 00:47:29,514
WELL, I JUST WANT TO THANK

1283
00:47:29,514 --> 00:47:34,786
DR. LAS VE PHAN FOR SHEDDING LIA

1284
00:47:34,786 --> 00:47:37,722
RESEARCH TOPIC THAT WE NEED

1285
00:47:37,722 --> 00:47:38,590
ATTENTION DOING THIS WORK AND

1286
00:47:38,590 --> 00:47:40,992
ALSO THE OTHER WORK THAT YOU'RE

1287
00:47:40,992 --> 00:47:43,328
DOING TO CONTINUE TO ADVANCE THE

1288
00:47:43,328 --> 00:47:46,731
RESEARCH IN TERMS OF TOBACCO USE

1289
00:47:46,731 --> 00:47:48,934
DISPARITY AND ACHIEVING HEALTH

1290
00:47:48,934 --> 00:47:49,234
EQUITY.

1291
00:47:49,234 --> 00:47:50,502
SO WE APPRECIATE YOUR TIME AND

1292
00:47:50,502 --> 00:47:50,902
YOUR PRESENTATION.

1293
00:47:50,902 --> 00:47:52,904
WE WISH YOU ALL THE BEST, AND

1294
00:47:52,904 --> 00:47:54,172
HOPEFULLY IN A COUPLE OF YEARS,

1295
00:47:54,172 --> 00:47:55,440
WE'LL INVITE YOU BACK AND GIVE

1296
00:47:55,440 --> 00:47:56,942
US AN UPDATE ON SOME OF THE WORK

1297
00:47:56,942 --> 00:48:00,345
THAT YOU'RE DOING AND THAT WE'LL

1298
00:48:00,345 --> 00:48:02,814
BE ABLE TO HEAR FROM YOU THAT

1299
00:48:02,814 --> 00:48:05,617
TOBACCO PROBLEMS ARE SOLVED.

1300
00:48:05,617 --> 00:48:06,952
>> WELL, THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR

1301
00:48:06,952 --> 00:48:07,252
HAVING ME.

1302
00:48:07,252 --> 00:48:09,654
THANK YOU SO MUCH, EVERYONE.

1303
00:48:09,654 --> 00:48:10,488
>> ALL RIGHT.

1304
00:48:10,488 --> 00:48:11,690
THANKS, EVERYONE, FOR LISTENING,

1305
00:48:11,690 --> 00:48:22,200
AND WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT MONTH.