1
00:00:05,640 --> 00:00:08,640
MY NAME IS MARILYN POWELL,

2
00:00:08,640 --> 00:00:10,080
CLINICAL DIRECTOR AND DEPUTY

3
00:00:10,080 --> 00:00:12,040
SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR FOR THE

4
00:00:12,040 --> 00:00:13,160
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL

5
00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:14,520
HEALTH.

6
00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:15,800
I'M SO PLEASED TO WELCOME YOU TO

7
00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:19,080
THIS NIMH SYMPOSIUM TITLED

8
00:00:19,080 --> 00:00:23,920
SUICIDE PREVENTION FOR LGBTQ+

9
00:00:23,920 --> 00:00:25,120
YOUTH IN RECOGNITION OF PRIDE

10
00:00:25,120 --> 00:00:25,760
MONTH.

11
00:00:25,760 --> 00:00:26,960
THIS SYMPOSIUM IS GOING TO

12
00:00:26,960 --> 00:00:29,720
HIGHLIGHT THE MENTAL HEALTH

13
00:00:29,720 --> 00:00:32,680
NEEDS OF LGBTQ+ YOUTH, INCLUDING

14
00:00:32,680 --> 00:00:34,200
INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS

15
00:00:34,200 --> 00:00:36,200
INCREASING SUICIDE RISK.

16
00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:38,960
THIS IS A TIMELY AND IMPORTANT

17
00:00:38,960 --> 00:00:39,440
TOPIC.

18
00:00:39,440 --> 00:00:41,600
IN FEBRUARY, THE CENTERS FOR

19
00:00:41,600 --> 00:00:42,840
DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

20
00:00:42,840 --> 00:00:46,360
RELEASED THE 2021 YOUTH RISK

21
00:00:46,360 --> 00:00:47,560
BEHAVIOR SURVEY RESULTS, WHICH

22
00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:50,720
IS A NATIONAL SNAPSHOT OF HIGH

23
00:00:50,720 --> 00:00:53,240
SCHOOL YOUTH'S SELF-REPORTED

24
00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:54,320
RISK BEHAVIORS.

25
00:00:54,320 --> 00:00:56,200
AMONG LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL,

26
00:00:56,200 --> 00:00:58,160
QUESTIONING AND OTHER

27
00:00:58,160 --> 00:01:01,760
NON-HETEROSEXUAL IDENTITY OR LGQ

28
00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:06,800
PLUS GROUPS, 22% OF THE STUDENTS

29
00:01:06,800 --> 00:01:08,200
AND LGBTQ STUDENTS AND 33% OF

30
00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:10,960
THE STUDENTS WHO HAD SAME-SEX

31
00:01:10,960 --> 00:01:12,480
PARTNERS REPORTED MAKING AT

32
00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:14,440
LEAST ONE SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN THE

33
00:01:14,440 --> 00:01:17,320
PAST YEAR COMPARED TO 6% OF

34
00:01:17,320 --> 00:01:19,400
HETEROSEXUAL STUDENTS.

35
00:01:19,400 --> 00:01:22,280
THANKS TO THE ANALYSES OF THE

36
00:01:22,280 --> 00:01:25,080
NIH ADOLESCENT BRAIN

37
00:01:25,080 --> 00:01:25,840
DEVELOPMENT -- BRAIN COGNITIVE

38
00:01:25,840 --> 00:01:27,800
DEVELOPMENT STUDY KNOWN AS THE

39
00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:29,760
ABCD STUDY, WE ALSO KNOW THAT

40
00:01:29,760 --> 00:01:31,200
SUICIDE THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS

41
00:01:31,200 --> 00:01:33,960
OF SEXUAL MINORITY YOUTH BEGIN

42
00:01:33,960 --> 00:01:37,160
BEFORE ADOLESCENCE.

43
00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,320
BLASHILL AND COLLEAGUES IN 2021

44
00:01:39,320 --> 00:01:41,800
EXAMINED 9 TO 10-YEAR-OLDS'

45
00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:44,240
BASELINE DATA AND FOUND OUT OF

46
00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:48,040
THE 11,777 TOTAL SAMPLE, 150 OF

47
00:01:48,040 --> 00:01:51,240
THE YOUTH WERE SEXUAL MINORITY

48
00:01:51,240 --> 00:01:53,880
OR 1.3%, AND COMPARED TO

49
00:01:53,880 --> 00:01:55,520
HETEROSEXUAL CHILDREN, SEXUAL

50
00:01:55,520 --> 00:01:57,280
MINORITY CHILDREN WERE SIX TIMES

51
00:01:57,280 --> 00:02:00,080
MORE LIKELY TO REPORT A LIFETIME

52
00:02:00,080 --> 00:02:01,600
SUICIDE ATTEMPT, AND FIVE TIMES

53
00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:03,520
MORE LIKELY TO REPORT LIFETIME

54
00:02:03,520 --> 00:02:06,760
SUICIDE THOUGHTS.

55
00:02:06,760 --> 00:02:08,960
AND IN OUR OWN UNPUBLISHED

56
00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:11,880
SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE NIMH

57
00:02:11,880 --> 00:02:12,680
FUNDED EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

58
00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:14,400
SCREEN FOR TEENS AT RISK OF

59
00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:18,040
SUICIDE OR THE ED STARS STUDY,

60
00:02:18,040 --> 00:02:19,560
THAT IMPLEMENTED SUICIDE RISK

61
00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:21,200
SCREENING IN A PEDIATRIC

62
00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:22,960
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT, WE FOUND

63
00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:26,000
OVER 40% OF SEXUALLY DIVERSE AND

64
00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:28,720
OVER 60% OF TRANS YOUTH SCREENED

65
00:02:28,720 --> 00:02:30,840
POSITIVE FOR SUICIDE RISK.

66
00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:36,520
COMPARED TO ONLY 11% OF CIS

67
00:02:36,520 --> 00:02:38,720
HETEROSEXUAL YOUTH.

68
00:02:38,720 --> 00:02:42,200
SO NIH AND NIMH HAS BEEN --

69
00:02:42,200 --> 00:02:43,960
THROUGH A NUMBER OF FUNDING

70
00:02:43,960 --> 00:02:46,480
ANNOUNCEMENTS ON THE SUICIDE

71
00:02:46,480 --> 00:02:48,800
RISK AMONG LGBTQ+ YOUTH.

72
00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:51,080
TO HELP GUIDE OUR EFFORTS, WE

73
00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:52,880
RELEASED A STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

74
00:02:52,880 --> 00:02:54,600
FOR ADDRESSING YOUTH MENTAL

75
00:02:54,600 --> 00:02:57,080
HEALTH DISPARITIES.

76
00:02:57,080 --> 00:02:58,760
IT PROVIDES A CONCEPTUAL

77
00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:00,920
APPROACH TO HELP GUIDE NIMH

78
00:03:00,920 --> 00:03:02,560
ACTIVITY, INCLUDING RESEARCH

79
00:03:02,560 --> 00:03:04,400
FUNDING, STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT,

80
00:03:04,400 --> 00:03:06,080
WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT, AND

81
00:03:06,080 --> 00:03:07,880
RELATED RESEARCH ON THE MENTAL

82
00:03:07,880 --> 00:03:09,560
HEALTH NEEDS OF YOUTH IMPACTED

83
00:03:09,560 --> 00:03:12,960
BY RACIAL, ETHNIC, AND SEXUAL

84
00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:16,080
AND GENDER HEALTH DISPARITIES.

85
00:03:16,080 --> 00:03:18,200
I'M REALLY HONORED TO CONVENE

86
00:03:18,200 --> 00:03:20,120
THIS SYMPOSIUM TO HEAR ABOUT THE

87
00:03:20,120 --> 00:03:21,880
LIVED EXPERIENCE OF SOMEONE WHO

88
00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:25,400
FACED SUICIDE AS AN LGBTQ+

89
00:03:25,400 --> 00:03:26,560
YOUTH, AND TO HIGHLIGHT

90
00:03:26,560 --> 00:03:27,760
PROMISING RESEARCH AS WELL AS

91
00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:29,640
IDENTIFY RESEARCH GAPS THAT MUST

92
00:03:29,640 --> 00:03:31,920
BE ADDRESSED IN ORDER TO REDUCE

93
00:03:31,920 --> 00:03:34,320
SUICIDE AMONG THIS YOUTH.

94
00:03:34,320 --> 00:03:38,480
I'M NOW PLEASED TO INTRODUCE MSE

95
00:03:38,480 --> 00:03:39,720
PROGRAM DIRECTOR OF THE WOMEN'S

96
00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:42,480
MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH PROGRAM,

97
00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:44,200
AND THE PROGRAM LEAD FOR THE

98
00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:46,160
NON-HIV SEXUAL GENDER MINORITY

99
00:03:46,160 --> 00:03:47,640
RESEARCH PROGRAM AT THE NATIONAL

100
00:03:47,640 --> 00:03:48,720
INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH.

101
00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:50,440
AND SHE WILL BE OUR MODERATOR

102
00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:52,520
FOR TODAY'S SYMPOSIUM.

103
00:03:52,520 --> 00:03:55,200
SO LET'S WELCOME TAM.

104
00:03:55,200 --> 00:04:03,480
[APPLAUSE]

105
00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:05,040
>> THANK YOU, DR. POWELL,
AND

106
00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,440
WELCOME.

107
00:04:07,440 --> 00:04:08,840
I'M JUST GOING TO START WITH AN

108
00:04:08,840 --> 00:04:11,360
INTRODUCTION OF ADMIRAL LEVINE.

109
00:04:11,360 --> 00:04:14,920
AND NOW THE INTRODUCTION OF
ADMIRAL LEVINE.

110
00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:16,480
ADMIRAL RACHEL LEVINE SERVES AS

111
00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:17,680
THE 17TH ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR

112
00:04:17,680 --> 00:04:20,560
HEALTH FOR THE U.S. DEPARTMENT

113
00:04:20,560 --> 00:04:21,160
OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

114
00:04:21,160 --> 00:04:23,160
AFTER BEING NOMINATED BY

115
00:04:23,160 --> 00:04:24,360
PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN AND

116
00:04:24,360 --> 00:04:27,200
CONFIRMED BY THE U.S. SENATE IN

117
00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:27,400
2021.

118
00:04:27,400 --> 00:04:28,400
AS ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR

119
00:04:28,400 --> 00:04:29,800
HEALTH, ADMIRAL RACHEL LEVINE

120
00:04:29,800 --> 00:04:30,200
FIGHTS EVERY DAY TO IMPROVE THE

121
00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:31,440
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF ALL

122
00:04:31,440 --> 00:04:32,280
AMERICANS.

123
00:04:32,280 --> 00:04:35,040
SHE'S WORKING TO HELP OUR NATION

124
00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:36,320
OVERCOME THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

125
00:04:36,320 --> 00:04:37,840
AND BUILD A STRONGER FOUNDATION

126
00:04:37,840 --> 00:04:39,640
FOR A HEALTHIER FUTURE.

127
00:04:39,640 --> 00:04:43,920
ONE IN WHICH EVERY AMERICAN CAN

128
00:04:43,920 --> 00:04:45,200
ATTAIN THEIR FULL HEALTH

129
00:04:45,200 --> 00:04:46,000
POTENTIAL.

130
00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:47,040
ADMIRAL LEVINE ALSO IS THE HEAD

131
00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:48,800
OF THE U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH

132
00:04:48,800 --> 00:04:50,720
SERVICE COMMISSION CORPS, ONE OF

133
00:04:50,720 --> 00:04:52,160
THE EIGHT UNIFORMED SERVICES.

134
00:04:52,160 --> 00:04:53,120
ADMIRAL LEVINE IS A MEMBER OF

135
00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:54,880
THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE

136
00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:58,040
AND A FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN

137
00:04:58,040 --> 00:04:58,600
ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS, THE

138
00:04:58,600 --> 00:05:01,600
SOCIETY OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH IN

139
00:05:01,600 --> 00:05:02,880
MEDICINE, AND THE ACADEMY FOR

140
00:05:02,880 --> 00:05:03,480
EATING DISORDERS.

141
00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:05,160
SHE WAS ALSO THE PRESIDENT OF

142
00:05:05,160 --> 00:05:06,640
THE ASSOCIATION OF STATE AND

143
00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:08,360
TERRITORIAL HEALTH OFFICIALS.

144
00:05:08,360 --> 00:05:09,600
IN ADDITION TO HER RECENT POST

145
00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:12,440
IN MEDICINE IN GOVERNMENT,

146
00:05:12,440 --> 00:05:13,840
ADMIRAL LEVINE IS AN

147
00:05:13,840 --> 00:05:14,480
ACCOMPLISHED SPEAKER AND AN

148
00:05:14,480 --> 00:05:16,160
AUTHOR OF NUMEROUS PUBLICATIONS

149
00:05:16,160 --> 00:05:18,760
ON THE OPIOID CRISIS, ADOLESCENT

150
00:05:18,760 --> 00:05:21,720
MEDICINE, EATING DISORDERS, AND

151
00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:24,360
LGBTQ+ MEDICINE.

152
00:05:24,360 --> 00:05:25,000
>> HELLO.

153
00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:25,600
I AM ADMIRAL RACHEL LEVINE,

154
00:05:25,600 --> 00:05:28,840
SHE/HER PRONOUNS.

155
00:05:28,840 --> 00:05:29,640
AND I'M HONORED TO BE THE

156
00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:32,800
ASSISTANT

157
00:05:34,280 --> 00:05:34,960
>> HELLO.

158
00:05:34,960 --> 00:05:35,520
I AM ADMIRAL RACHEL LEVINE,

159
00:05:35,520 --> 00:05:38,760
SHE/HER PRONOUNS.

160
00:05:38,760 --> 00:05:39,600
AND I'M HONORED TO BE THE

161
00:05:39,600 --> 00:05:40,880
ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR HEALTH

162
00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:41,880
AT THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT

163
00:05:41,880 --> 00:05:44,080
OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES AND

164
00:05:44,080 --> 00:05:45,520
TO SERVE AS A FOUR STAR ADMIRAL

165
00:05:45,520 --> 00:05:46,840
FOR THE UNITED STATES COMMISSION

166
00:05:46,840 --> 00:05:49,280
CORPS.

167
00:05:49,280 --> 00:05:51,160
I'M ALSO THE FIRST OPENLY

168
00:05:51,160 --> 00:05:52,360
TRANSGENDER PERSON WHO IS A

169
00:05:52,360 --> 00:05:53,360
SENATE-CONFIRMED FEDERAL

170
00:05:53,360 --> 00:05:55,160
OFFICIAL.

171
00:05:55,160 --> 00:05:57,560
I KNOW MY APPOINTMENT PAVES THE

172
00:05:57,560 --> 00:05:59,360
WAY TO NATIONAL LEADERSHIP THAT

173
00:05:59,360 --> 00:06:00,560
IS MORE REFLECTIVE OF THE PEOPLE

174
00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:02,800
THAT WE SERVE.

175
00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:04,920
BUT MY APPOINTMENT ALONE IS NOT

176
00:06:04,920 --> 00:06:05,520
ENOUGH.

177
00:06:05,520 --> 00:06:07,480
WHICH IS WHY I WANT TO THANK

178
00:06:07,480 --> 00:06:09,880
EVERY SPEAKER WHO HAS JOINED

179
00:06:09,880 --> 00:06:12,920
TODAY'S EVENT TO PROMOTE SUICIDE

180
00:06:12,920 --> 00:06:16,000
PREVENTION INITIATIVES FOR

181
00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:16,600
LGBTQ+ YOUTH.

182
00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:18,800
THIS EVENT COMES AT A CRITICAL

183
00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:21,720
TIME, AS OUR NATION'S LGBTQ I

184
00:06:21,720 --> 00:06:23,360
PLUS YOUTH ARE REPORTING

185
00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:24,400
NEGATIVE MENTAL HEALTH IN

186
00:06:24,400 --> 00:06:28,320
RESPONSE TO UNPRECEDENTED LEVELS

187
00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:30,800
OF ANTILGBTQ I PLUS POLICIES AND

188
00:06:30,800 --> 00:06:31,840
LEGISLATION.

189
00:06:31,840 --> 00:06:33,360
HEALTHY PEOPLE 2030 DEFINES

190
00:06:33,360 --> 00:06:35,800
HEALTH EQUITY AS THE ATTAINMENT

191
00:06:35,800 --> 00:06:37,080
OF THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF HEALTH

192
00:06:37,080 --> 00:06:38,760
FOR ALL PEOPLE.

193
00:06:38,760 --> 00:06:40,640
I FIRMLY BELIEVE THAT WE HAVE

194
00:06:40,640 --> 00:06:42,080
NOT MADE PROGRESS UNLESS WE HAVE

195
00:06:42,080 --> 00:06:45,400
ALL MADE PROGRESS.

196
00:06:45,400 --> 00:06:48,400
ACHIEVING HEALTH EQUITY REQUIRES

197
00:06:48,400 --> 00:06:49,600
VALUING EVERYONE.

198
00:06:49,600 --> 00:06:51,480
THAT MEANS MAKING FOCUS AND

199
00:06:51,480 --> 00:06:53,520
ONGOING EFFORTS TO END

200
00:06:53,520 --> 00:06:54,240
INEQUALITIES, ELIMINATE THE

201
00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:55,880
IMPACTS OF INJUSTICE, AND

202
00:06:55,880 --> 00:06:59,240
IMPROVE THE HEALTH FOR EVERYONE.

203
00:06:59,240 --> 00:07:00,920
WE HAVE TO TAKE A STAND ON

204
00:07:00,920 --> 00:07:02,000
BEHALF OF THOSE WHO ARE BEING

205
00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:03,720
HURT BY THESE ATTACKS.

206
00:07:03,720 --> 00:07:04,840
TODAY, MANY YOUNG PEOPLE LIVING

207
00:07:04,840 --> 00:07:08,000
IN THIS COUNTRY NEED EMPATHY,

208
00:07:08,000 --> 00:07:09,480
COMPASSION AND UNDERSTANDING

209
00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,720
BECAUSE OF THESE HATEFUL ACTIONS

210
00:07:11,720 --> 00:07:15,680
AND THEY SEE FEW PLACES TO TURN.

211
00:07:15,680 --> 00:07:19,080
IN APRIL OF 2023, THE CDC

212
00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:20,800
RELEASED THE YOUTH RISK BEHAVIOR

213
00:07:20,800 --> 00:07:23,320
SURVEY, WHICH PROVIDES DATA ON

214
00:07:23,320 --> 00:07:25,000
KEY BEHAVIORS AND EXPERIENCES

215
00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:26,640
AMONG ADOLESCENTS RELATED TO

216
00:07:26,640 --> 00:07:28,760
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SUBSTANCE USE,

217
00:07:28,760 --> 00:07:31,440
EXPERIENCE OF VIOLENCE, MENTAL

218
00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:32,560
HEALTH AND SUICIDALITY.

219
00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:34,360
AND THESE DATA SHOW A

220
00:07:34,360 --> 00:07:36,800
DISTRESSING PICTURE.

221
00:07:36,800 --> 00:07:38,400
THIS NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE

222
00:07:38,400 --> 00:07:39,680
SURVEY OF U.S. HIGH SCHOOL

223
00:07:39,680 --> 00:07:41,160
STUDENTS REVEALS THE CHANGING

224
00:07:41,160 --> 00:07:43,680
HEALTH RISKS THAT OUR YOUNG

225
00:07:43,680 --> 00:07:46,200
PEOPLE ARE FACING.

226
00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:48,920
THE FINDINGS FROM 2021 ARE THE

227
00:07:48,920 --> 00:07:50,880
FIRST NATIONAL YRBS DATA THAT

228
00:07:50,880 --> 00:07:52,040
HAVE BEEN PRESENTED SINCE THE

229
00:07:52,040 --> 00:07:54,200
START OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

230
00:07:54,200 --> 00:07:55,600
WHILE MUCH ATTENTION HAS BEEN

231
00:07:55,600 --> 00:07:58,280
GIVEN TO THE YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH

232
00:07:58,280 --> 00:08:00,520
CRISIS DURING THE COVID-19

233
00:08:00,520 --> 00:08:02,800
PANDEMIC, THE YRBS DATA HAVE

234
00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:04,440
SHOWN THAT MANY MEASURES WERE

235
00:08:04,440 --> 00:08:05,880
MOVING IN THE WRONG DIRECTION

236
00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:08,760
EVEN BEFORE THE PANDEMIC.

237
00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:11,040
LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL,

238
00:08:11,040 --> 00:08:12,600
TRANSGENDER AND QUEER STUDENTS

239
00:08:12,600 --> 00:08:15,680
CONTINUE TO BE AT HIGH RISK.

240
00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:18,400
IN 2021, LGBTQ+ TEENS WERE MORE

241
00:08:18,400 --> 00:08:19,720
LIKELY TO HAVE EXPERIENCED ALL

242
00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:22,600
FORMS OF VIOLENCE, AND THEY HAVE

243
00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:24,520
WORSE MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES

244
00:08:24,520 --> 00:08:25,280
THAN HETEROSEXUAL YOUTH.

245
00:08:25,280 --> 00:08:27,920
ALMOST A THIRD OF LGBTQ+

246
00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:29,880
STUDENTS WERE BULLIED ONLINE.

247
00:08:29,880 --> 00:08:31,880
ALMOST A QUARTER WERE BULLIED AT

248
00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:33,080
SCHOOL.

249
00:08:33,080 --> 00:08:34,720
AND MORE THAN 1 IN 10 ACTUALLY

250
00:08:34,720 --> 00:08:36,000
DID NOT GO TO SCHOOL BECAUSE OF

251
00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:38,520
SAFETY CONCERNS.

252
00:08:38,520 --> 00:08:39,960
TRAGICALLY, ALMOST HALF

253
00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:42,240
SERIOUSLY CONSIDERED SUICIDE.

254
00:08:42,240 --> 00:08:44,880
AND NEARLY 1 IN 4 HAD ATTEMPTED

255
00:08:44,880 --> 00:08:45,400
SUICIDE.

256
00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:47,600
THEY ATTEMPTED SUICIDE.

257
00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:49,800
1 IN 4.

258
00:08:49,800 --> 00:08:51,560
LGBTQ YOUTH REPORT SIGNIFICANTLY

259
00:08:51,560 --> 00:08:53,560
LOWER RATES OF SUICIDE ATTEMPTS

260
00:08:53,560 --> 00:08:56,000
IF THEY HAVE JUST ONE SUPPORTIVE

261
00:08:56,000 --> 00:08:57,280
ADULT IN THEIR LIVES.

262
00:08:57,280 --> 00:08:59,640
THAT'S ALL IT MAY TAKE TO SAVE A

263
00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:00,280
LIFE.

264
00:09:00,280 --> 00:09:02,720
ONE SUPPORTIVE ADULT.

265
00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:04,560
I WANT TO POINT OUT HERE, IT IS

266
00:09:04,560 --> 00:09:06,840
CRITICALLY IMPORTANT THAT

267
00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:08,360
EVERYONE, EVERYONE BECOME

268
00:09:08,360 --> 00:09:11,920
FAMILIAR WITH SAMHSA'S

269
00:09:11,920 --> 00:09:12,680
988 PROGRAM.

270
00:09:12,680 --> 00:09:14,960
SIMPLY DIALING OR TEXTING

271
00:09:14,960 --> 00:09:15,800
988 WILL CONNECT A PERSON IN

272
00:09:15,800 --> 00:09:19,160
NEED WITH A SUICIDE AND CRISIS

273
00:09:19,160 --> 00:09:20,200
LIFELINE.

274
00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:22,520
SUICIDE PREVENTION FOR LGBTQI+

275
00:09:22,520 --> 00:09:24,160
YOUTH IS A NATIONAL PRIORITY.

276
00:09:24,160 --> 00:09:27,240
THE LIFELINE PROVIDES A CLICK

277
00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:29,320
3 PROGRAM THAT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO

278
00:09:29,320 --> 00:09:31,400
CLICK 3 TO BE DIRECTED

279
00:09:31,400 --> 00:09:34,760
SPECIFICALLY TO LGBTQI+-TRAINED

280
00:09:34,760 --> 00:09:36,000
COUNSELORS.

281
00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:37,480
988 IS AN INCREDIBLE TOOL THAT

282
00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:38,720
WILL PREVENT SUICIDES.

283
00:09:38,720 --> 00:09:40,680
I AM ENCOURAGING YOU TO SHARE

284
00:09:40,680 --> 00:09:42,560
INFORMATION ABOUT 988 WITH YOUR

285
00:09:42,560 --> 00:09:44,400
WORK AND HOME COMMUNITIES AND

286
00:09:44,400 --> 00:09:46,520
HAVE INFORMATION ABOUT

287
00:09:46,520 --> 00:09:48,440
988 AVAILABLE IN YOUR

288
00:09:48,440 --> 00:09:49,800
COMMUNITY'S SPACES OR RESTROOMS.

289
00:09:49,800 --> 00:09:51,880
IF YOU KNOW SOMEONE WHO IS

290
00:09:51,880 --> 00:09:53,200
STRUGGLING, YOU CAN HAVE THEM

291
00:09:53,200 --> 00:09:55,480
CALL, TEXT OR CHAT WITH THE

292
00:09:55,480 --> 00:09:55,880
LIFELINE.

293
00:09:55,880 --> 00:09:58,080
THEY ARE AVAILABLE 24/7, AND

294
00:09:58,080 --> 00:09:59,200
THEY ARE CONFIDENTIAL.

295
00:09:59,200 --> 00:10:00,760
THERE ARE CRISIS COUNSELORS

296
00:10:00,760 --> 00:10:03,040
AVAILABLE TO LISTEN AND SUPPORT

297
00:10:03,040 --> 00:10:04,880
YOU WITHOUT JUDGMENT.

298
00:10:04,880 --> 00:10:06,480
I WANT TO SPEAK FOR A MOMENT

299
00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:08,920
ABOUT THE HATEFUL ACTIONS

300
00:10:08,920 --> 00:10:09,920
AGAINST TRANSGENDER YOUTH, THEIR

301
00:10:09,920 --> 00:10:11,320
FAMILIES AND THEIR PROVIDERS,

302
00:10:11,320 --> 00:10:12,920
THAT WE ARE SEEING IN MANY

303
00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:16,160
STATES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

304
00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:17,480
AS ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR

305
00:10:17,480 --> 00:10:19,120
HEALTH, I AM URGING US TO BASE

306
00:10:19,120 --> 00:10:21,840
MEDICAL CARE ON FACTS, NOT

307
00:10:21,840 --> 00:10:23,200
FEARS.

308
00:10:23,200 --> 00:10:24,600
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE IS MEDICAL

309
00:10:24,600 --> 00:10:25,800
CARE.

310
00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:26,920
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE IS MENTAL

311
00:10:26,920 --> 00:10:28,880
HEALTH CARE.

312
00:10:28,880 --> 00:10:30,480
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE IS

313
00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:31,640
LITERALLY SUICIDE PREVENTION

314
00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:32,720
CARE.

315
00:10:32,720 --> 00:10:34,640
IT IMPROVES QUALITY OF LIFE AND

316
00:10:34,640 --> 00:10:35,440
IT SAVES LIVES.

317
00:10:35,440 --> 00:10:37,720
IT IS BASED UPON DECADES OF

318
00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:39,280
STUDY, AND IT IS A

319
00:10:39,280 --> 00:10:40,760
WELL-ESTABLISHED MEDICAL

320
00:10:40,760 --> 00:10:41,440
PRACTICE.

321
00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:43,120
BASED UPON DECADES OF RESEARCH

322
00:10:43,120 --> 00:10:45,040
AND MEDICAL EVIDENCE, AND THE

323
00:10:45,040 --> 00:10:48,360
ANALYSIS OF RESPECTED MEDICAL

324
00:10:48,360 --> 00:10:50,080
ORGANIZATIONS FROM MANY DIVERSE

325
00:10:50,080 --> 00:10:51,640
FIELDS OF MEDICINE, EXPERTS

326
00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:53,960
AGREE THAT GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE

327
00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:55,800
IS MEDICALLY NECESSARY, SAFE AND

328
00:10:55,800 --> 00:10:57,800
EFFECTIVE FOR TRANSGENDER AND

329
00:10:57,800 --> 00:10:58,400
NON-BINARY YOUTH AND

330
00:10:58,400 --> 00:10:59,600
ADOLESCENTS.

331
00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:02,840
THOSE WHO ATTACK OUR LGBTQI+

332
00:11:02,840 --> 00:11:04,320
COMMUNITY ARE DRIVEN BY AN

333
00:11:04,320 --> 00:11:05,640
AGENDA THAT HAS NOTHING TO DO

334
00:11:05,640 --> 00:11:06,520
WITH SCIENCE AND NOTHING TO DO

335
00:11:06,520 --> 00:11:07,960
WITH MEDICINE.

336
00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:10,280
THESE POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL

337
00:11:10,280 --> 00:11:12,240
ATTACKS ON TRANS YOUTH AND THEIR

338
00:11:12,240 --> 00:11:14,200
FAMILIES ARE CONTRARY TO THE

339
00:11:14,200 --> 00:11:15,040
OVERWHELMING SCIENCE AND

340
00:11:15,040 --> 00:11:17,120
EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS THE

341
00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:19,120
WELL-ESTABLISHED STANDARDS OF

342
00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:19,320
CARE.

343
00:11:19,320 --> 00:11:20,960
WE ALL HAVE TO CONTINUE TO STAND

344
00:11:20,960 --> 00:11:23,320
UP AND TAKE A STAND ON BEHALF OF

345
00:11:23,320 --> 00:11:25,280
THOSE WHO ARE BEING HURT.

346
00:11:25,280 --> 00:11:27,440
I HAVE BEEN AT MANY PRIDE

347
00:11:27,440 --> 00:11:28,760
CELEBRATIONS AND OUR COMMUNITY

348
00:11:28,760 --> 00:11:30,640
IS BEAUTIFUL, PASSIONATE,

349
00:11:30,640 --> 00:11:32,400
STRONG, AND RESILIENT.

350
00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:34,440
AND I AM A POSITIVE AND

351
00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:35,200
OPTIMISTIC PERSON, AND I BELIEVE

352
00:11:35,200 --> 00:11:37,640
THAT WORKING TOGETHER, WE CAN

353
00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:40,400
CREATE A BETTER FUTURE FOR ALL

354
00:11:40,400 --> 00:11:42,760
THOSE LIVING IN THE UNITED

355
00:11:42,760 --> 00:11:43,120
STATES.

356
00:11:43,120 --> 00:11:45,320
I AM HOPEFUL FOR A MORE

357
00:11:45,320 --> 00:11:46,320
INCLUSIVE FUTURE BECAUSE OF THE

358
00:11:46,320 --> 00:11:48,920
WORK THAT MANY OF YOU ARE DOING

359
00:11:48,920 --> 00:11:50,360
EVERY DAY.

360
00:11:50,360 --> 00:11:52,200
THE TRUTH IS THAT WE HAVE NOT

361
00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:53,640
MADE PROGRESS UNLESS WE HAVE ALL

362
00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:54,840
MADE PROGRESS.

363
00:11:54,840 --> 00:11:56,720
AND WE ALL HAVE A ROLE TO PLAY

364
00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:59,000
IN MAKING THAT HAPPEN.

365
00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:00,760
WE MUST STRONGLY ADVOCATE FOR

366
00:12:00,760 --> 00:12:02,520
THE MOST UNDERSERVED AND

367
00:12:02,520 --> 00:12:04,480
MARGINALIZED IN OUR COMMUNITIES,

368
00:12:04,480 --> 00:12:06,680
INCLUDING OUR TRANS YOUTH, TRANS

369
00:12:06,680 --> 00:12:08,320
SENIORS, AND PARTICULARLY TRANS

370
00:12:08,320 --> 00:12:09,440
WOMEN OF COLOR.

371
00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:11,200
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO LIVE YOUR

372
00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:12,600
LIFE FULLY AND SAFELY IN ANY

373
00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:14,000
PART OF THIS COUNTRY, NO MATTER

374
00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:15,160
WHO YOU ARE, OR WHO YOU LOVE.

375
00:12:15,160 --> 00:12:16,080
AND I'D LIKE TO LEAVE YOU WITH A

376
00:12:16,080 --> 00:12:17,080
MESSAGE OF HOPE.

377
00:12:17,080 --> 00:12:18,120
THERE IS A PLACE FOR YOU IN THIS

378
00:12:18,120 --> 00:12:19,560
GREAT COUNTRY.

379
00:12:19,560 --> 00:12:22,800
HIS MOST RECENT PUBLICATION, "WE

380
00:12:22,800 --> 00:12:23,600
BURN OUT, WE BREAK, WE DIE", WAS

381
00:12:23,600 --> 00:12:25,800
AWARDED THE JOHN A. BENSON

382
00:12:25,800 --> 00:12:26,680
PROFESSIONALISM ARTICLE PRIZE

383
00:12:26,680 --> 00:12:30,760
FOR BEST ARTICLE OF 2021 BY THE

384
00:12:30,760 --> 00:12:31,320
AMERICAN BOARD OF INTERNAL

385
00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:31,600
MEDICINE.

386
00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:35,240
HE HAS WORKED CLOSELY WITH THE

387
00:12:35,240 --> 00:12:41,080
AMERICAN ACADEMY ACADEMY OF PED,

388
00:12:41,080 --> 00:12:43,120
IN DEVELOPING A REVISED

389
00:12:43,120 --> 00:12:44,520
BLUEPRINT FOR YOUTH SUICIDE

390
00:12:44,520 --> 00:12:46,480
PREVENTION IN THE UNITED STATES.

391
00:12:46,480 --> 00:12:47,960
UPON THE COMPLETION OF HIS

392
00:12:47,960 --> 00:12:50,760
RESIDENCY TRAINING IN 2024,

393
00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:52,760
DR. VEAL WILL BE JOINING HOWARD

394
00:12:52,760 --> 00:12:54,400
BROWN HEALTH IN CHICAGO,

395
00:12:54,400 --> 00:12:56,400
ILLINOIS AS A PRIMARY CARE

396
00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:58,680
PHYSICIAN, FOCUSING ON

397
00:12:58,680 --> 00:12:59,880
TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE, ADVERSE

398
00:12:59,880 --> 00:13:02,400
CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES,

399
00:13:02,400 --> 00:13:05,480
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE, AND

400
00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:06,760
LGBTQ+ HEALTH.

401
00:13:06,760 --> 00:13:07,560
DR. VEAL.

402
00:13:07,560 --> 00:13:14,440
[APPLAUSE]

403
00:13:14,440 --> 00:13:15,640
I REALLY APPRECIATE IT.

404
00:13:15,640 --> 00:13:17,040
HOPEFULLY EVERYONE CAN HEAR ME.

405
00:13:17,040 --> 00:13:18,840
SO BEFORE I GET STARTED, I WOULD

406
00:13:18,840 --> 00:13:21,120
JUST LIKE TO TAKE THIS MOMENT TO

407
00:13:21,120 --> 00:13:23,000
THANK THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF

408
00:13:23,000 --> 00:13:24,000
HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH FOR THE

409
00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:25,840
OPPORTUNITY TO BE PART OF THIS

410
00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:29,520
INCREDIBLE SYMPOSIUM.

411
00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:32,440
THOUGH I'LL ADMIT AS A RESIDENT

412
00:13:32,440 --> 00:13:34,160
JUST ENTERING HIS FINAL YEAR OF

413
00:13:34,160 --> 00:13:35,560
MEDICAL TRAINING, I WOULDN'T

414
00:13:35,560 --> 00:13:37,320
CONSIDER MYSELF A EXPERT, PER

415
00:13:37,320 --> 00:13:41,240
SE, ON SUICIDE PREVENTION FOR

416
00:13:41,240 --> 00:13:42,800
LGBTQ YOUTH, FIRST REASON BEING

417
00:13:42,800 --> 00:13:44,640
THAT ALTHOUGH I'D LIKE TO

418
00:13:44,640 --> 00:13:46,760
BELIEVE I EXUDE THE YOUTHFUL

419
00:13:46,760 --> 00:13:49,360
ENERGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF A

420
00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:52,880
TWINK, I'M REMINDED BY MY LGBTQ

421
00:13:52,880 --> 00:13:53,640
FRIENDS AND PATIENTS THAT MY

422
00:13:53,640 --> 00:13:55,280
HABIT OF GOING HOME AND WATCHING

423
00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:57,920
THE GOLDEN GIRLS PLACES ME IN

424
00:13:57,920 --> 00:14:00,520
THAT CATEGORY OF THE ELDERLY

425
00:14:00,520 --> 00:14:00,960
TWUNK.

426
00:14:00,960 --> 00:14:03,280
WITH ALL KIDDING ASIDE, I REALLY

427
00:14:03,280 --> 00:14:05,920
WAS SURPRISED WHEN I RECEIVED

428
00:14:05,920 --> 00:14:06,360
THIS INVITATION.

429
00:14:06,360 --> 00:14:08,880
I MEAN, I'M JUST STARTING MY

430
00:14:08,880 --> 00:14:09,120
CAREER.

431
00:14:09,120 --> 00:14:11,600
WHAT COULD I BRING TO THE STAGE

432
00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:12,800
THAT ANY ONE OF YOU COULDN'T

433
00:14:12,800 --> 00:14:14,000
BRING WITH TWICE THE AMOUNT OF

434
00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:15,640
DATA AND RESEARCH?

435
00:14:15,640 --> 00:14:17,200
BUT THAT'S WHEN IT DAWNED ON ME

436
00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:18,400
THAT I DO HAVE SOMETHING TO

437
00:14:18,400 --> 00:14:20,000
BRING TO THE STAGE.

438
00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:22,080
THAT NO ONE ELSE CAN.

439
00:14:22,080 --> 00:14:23,640
AND IN FACT, WE ALL HAVE

440
00:14:23,640 --> 00:14:25,000
SOMETHING TO BRING TO THE STAGE

441
00:14:25,000 --> 00:14:27,360
BASED ON OUR LIVED EXPERIENCES

442
00:14:27,360 --> 00:14:29,760
THAT DEFINE WHO WE ARE, AND

443
00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:31,080
GRANTS US THE POWER TO CHANGE

444
00:14:31,080 --> 00:14:31,880
LIVES.

445
00:14:31,880 --> 00:14:34,080
IT'S THE POWER OF THE LIVED

446
00:14:34,080 --> 00:14:35,920
EXPERIENCE THAT I WANTED TO

447
00:14:35,920 --> 00:14:37,240
FOCUS ON TODAY, THROUGH SHARING

448
00:14:37,240 --> 00:14:43,280
MY OWN STORY.

449
00:14:43,280 --> 00:14:44,560
FOR YOUR INFORMATION, I HAVE NO

450
00:14:44,560 --> 00:14:45,280
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES.

451
00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:46,880
I AM STILL VERY POOR FOR AT

452
00:14:46,880 --> 00:14:48,080
LEAST ONE MORE YEAR.

453
00:14:48,080 --> 00:14:52,000
OKAY.

454
00:14:52,000 --> 00:14:56,200
SO BACK IN LATE SUMMER, 2016, AS

455
00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:58,280
YOU CAN SEE, THIS IS WHERE I HAD

456
00:14:58,280 --> 00:15:00,040
HAIR -- I DIDN'T HAVE HARRIET.

457
00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:02,440
GREW IT LATER ON.

458
00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:03,640
I ALWAYS TELL PEOPLE THAT DURING

459
00:15:03,640 --> 00:15:05,120
THIS TIME IN MY LIFE, I ALWAYS

460
00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:06,840
FELT LIKE I HAD A DARK CLOUD

461
00:15:06,840 --> 00:15:07,880
HANGING OVER MY HEAD.

462
00:15:07,880 --> 00:15:09,000
WHETHER I WANTED TO BELIEVE IT

463
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,640
OR NOT, I WAS STRUGGLING.

464
00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:12,840
SIX MONTHS BEFORE STARTING

465
00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:14,600
MEDICAL SCHOOL, MY BEST FRIEND

466
00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:15,920
ALEX HAD TRAGICALLY DIED BY

467
00:15:15,920 --> 00:15:17,200
SUICIDE.

468
00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:18,600
SHORTLY AFTER HIS DEATH, I

469
00:15:18,600 --> 00:15:20,920
DECIDED TO COME OUT OF THE

470
00:15:20,920 --> 00:15:22,680
CLOSET TO MY FAMILY WHICH

471
00:15:22,680 --> 00:15:23,680
ULTIMATELY RESULTED IN A GREAT

472
00:15:23,680 --> 00:15:26,760
PART OF MY FAMILY DISOWNING ME.

473
00:15:26,760 --> 00:15:28,240
MY RELATIONSHIP WITH MY FATHER

474
00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:30,440
ALSO BASICALLY ENDED.

475
00:15:30,440 --> 00:15:32,560
AT THE SAME TIME, I HAD NO

476
00:15:32,560 --> 00:15:34,160
MONEY, AND I WAS AN EMOTIONAL

477
00:15:34,160 --> 00:15:35,000
MESS.

478
00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:36,160
WHAT BETTER TIME TO START

479
00:15:36,160 --> 00:15:38,040
MEDICAL SCHOOL, RIGHT?

480
00:15:38,040 --> 00:15:40,520
I WAS HOPING THAT BY THAT TIME,

481
00:15:40,520 --> 00:15:44,280
WHEN I STARTED CLASSES, THAT YOU

482
00:15:44,280 --> 00:15:45,280
KNOW, THE DISTRACTION OF MEDICAL

483
00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:47,760
SCHOOL WOULD BE ENOUGH TO HIDE

484
00:15:47,760 --> 00:15:50,080
THE DEPRESSION THAT I HAD BEEN

485
00:15:50,080 --> 00:15:51,840
STRUGGLING WITH FOR SEVEN YEARS.

486
00:15:51,840 --> 00:15:52,480
BUT SOMETHING DIFFERENT

487
00:15:52,480 --> 00:15:55,000
HAPPENED.

488
00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:57,320
THAT DEPRESSION DIDN'T GO AWAY.

489
00:15:57,320 --> 00:15:59,800
IN FACT, IT STARTED TO MORPH

490
00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:01,360
FROM A FEELING OF SADNESS TO

491
00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:04,440
THIS UNSHAKEABLE FEELING OF

492
00:16:04,440 --> 00:16:06,640
ISOLATION, INCOMPETENCE, AND

493
00:16:06,640 --> 00:16:08,040
IMPOSTER SYNDROME.

494
00:16:08,040 --> 00:16:09,560
THAT BEGAN TO HAUNT ME WITH EACH

495
00:16:09,560 --> 00:16:12,080
PASSING DAY.

496
00:16:12,080 --> 00:16:13,640
CONTRIBUTING TO THAT FEELING WAS

497
00:16:13,640 --> 00:16:14,920
THE UNMISTAKABLE RECOGNITION

498
00:16:14,920 --> 00:16:16,560
THAT I WAS THE ONLY BLACK MALE

499
00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:18,320
IN MY CLASS OF 120.

500
00:16:18,320 --> 00:16:19,520
WHICH TO THE CREDIT OF THE

501
00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:21,920
UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT WAS THE

502
00:16:21,920 --> 00:16:23,000
MOST DIVERSE MEDICAL SCHOOL

503
00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:25,760
CLASS OF ITS 194-YEAR HISTORY.

504
00:16:25,760 --> 00:16:27,840
ALONG WITH THAT, I BEGAN TO FEEL

505
00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:29,040
LIKE THERE WAS A TARGET ON MY

506
00:16:29,040 --> 00:16:30,160
BACK.

507
00:16:30,160 --> 00:16:31,640
AFTER I BEGAN TO NOTICE SEVERAL

508
00:16:31,640 --> 00:16:36,480
OF MY CLASSMATES, THE OVERWH

509
00:16:36,480 --> 00:16:38,440
OVERWHELMING MAJORITY PEOPLE OF

510
00:16:38,440 --> 00:16:39,800
COLOR HADN'T RETURNED FOR

511
00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:44,640
CLASSES AFTER THE FIRST SEMES 

512
00:16:44,640 --> 00:16:45,320
SEMESTER.

513
00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:46,760
 -- TOLD ME THEY WERE ASKED A

514
00:16:46,760 --> 00:16:47,680
QUESTION BY THE DEAN THAT

515
00:16:47,680 --> 00:16:48,520
ENCOURAGED THEM TO LEAVE AND

516
00:16:48,520 --> 00:16:50,160
THAT QUESTION WAS, "ARE YOU SURE

517
00:16:50,160 --> 00:16:52,640
YOU WANT TO BE A DOCTOR?"

518
00:16:52,640 --> 00:16:53,440
THAT CHILLING QUESTION WOULD

519
00:16:53,440 --> 00:16:55,440
KEEP ME UP AT NIGHT.

520
00:16:55,440 --> 00:16:57,280
WITH THAT QUESTION, I WOULD HEAR

521
00:16:57,280 --> 00:16:59,240
THE ECHO OF MY MOTHER'S CONSTANT

522
00:16:59,240 --> 00:17:01,880
REFRAIN FROM MY CHILDHOOD: 

523
00:17:01,880 --> 00:17:03,600
FAILURE IS NOT AN OPTION.

524
00:17:03,600 --> 00:17:05,400
THESE WORDS ECHOED THROUGH MY

525
00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:07,360
MIND AS I DESPERATELY FOUGHT TO

526
00:17:07,360 --> 00:17:09,760
SUPPRESS MY GROWING DEPRESSION.

527
00:17:09,760 --> 00:17:12,280
GROWING UP, FAILURE MEANT WE

528
00:17:12,280 --> 00:17:14,560
WERE ON THE STREET.

529
00:17:14,560 --> 00:17:15,760
FAILURE MEANT THAT WE WOULDN'T

530
00:17:15,760 --> 00:17:16,480
HAVE FOOD.

531
00:17:16,480 --> 00:17:17,960
AND FAILURE MEANT THAT THE

532
00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:20,040
POVERTY THAT MY GRANDMOTHER, THE

533
00:17:20,040 --> 00:17:22,920
GRANDDAUGHTER OF A SLAVE IN

534
00:17:22,920 --> 00:17:24,640
ALABAMA, THE POVERTY THAT SHE

535
00:17:24,640 --> 00:17:25,960
WORKED SO HARD TO ESCAPE WAS A

536
00:17:25,960 --> 00:17:29,160
WASTE.

537
00:17:29,160 --> 00:17:31,760
YES, FOR ME, FAILURE SIMPLY WAS

538
00:17:31,760 --> 00:17:33,280
NOT AN OPTION AND DEET PRETION

539
00:17:33,280 --> 00:17:36,680
DEPRESSION WASNOT AN EXCUSE.

540
00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:38,360
DURING THAT TIME I REACHED OUT

541
00:17:38,360 --> 00:17:40,600
TO MY GRANDMOTHER, AT ONE OF MY

542
00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:43,160
LOWEST POINTS, AND I SAID NANNA,

543
00:17:43,160 --> 00:17:45,120
I AM SO DEPRESSED, I CAN BARELY

544
00:17:45,120 --> 00:17:46,440
GET OUT OF BED IN THE MORNING.

545
00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:48,200
TO WHICH SHE RESPONDED, KRI

546
00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:49,840
WHAT'S WRONG WITH YOU?

547
00:17:49,840 --> 00:17:51,280
BLACK FOLKS DON'T HAVE

548
00:17:51,280 --> 00:17:52,120
DEPRESSION.

549
00:17:52,120 --> 00:17:55,200
LEAVING SLAVELY IS A FUN JOB,

550
00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:57,080
NO, DEPRESSION IS JUST OUR

551
00:17:57,080 --> 00:17:57,520
BASELINE.

552
00:17:57,520 --> 00:18:00,480
WHAT MAKES YOU FEEL SPECIAL?

553
00:18:00,480 --> 00:18:01,920
BUT THE THING IS, I DIDN'T FEEL

554
00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:02,880
LIKE I WAS SPECIAL.

555
00:18:02,880 --> 00:18:05,160
I FELT LIKE A FAILURE.

556
00:18:05,160 --> 00:18:06,920
AND THIS FEELING GREW STRONGER

557
00:18:06,920 --> 00:18:09,280
AS I ENDED MY FIRST YEAR

558
00:18:09,280 --> 00:18:12,120
MARGINALLY PASSING MY REMAINING

559
00:18:12,120 --> 00:18:12,880
COURSES.

560
00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:14,640
ULTIMATELY BY MY SECOND YEAR,

561
00:18:14,640 --> 00:18:16,720
THE OPTION THAT MY MOTHER

562
00:18:16,720 --> 00:18:18,480
FOREBAID ME FROM CONSIDERING IT

563
00:18:18,480 --> 00:18:19,240
FINALLY HAPPENED.

564
00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:20,880
I FAILED A COURSE BY A SINGLE

565
00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:22,440
POINT.

566
00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:24,160
FAILURE HAD BECOME AN UNDENIABLE

567
00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:26,600
OPTION.

568
00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:29,880
I FELT MYSELF BEFORE MY SCHOOL'S

569
00:18:29,880 --> 00:18:31,360
ADVANCEMENT COMMITTEE ALONE AND

570
00:18:31,360 --> 00:18:32,920
FEELING MORE ISOLATED THAN EVER

571
00:18:32,920 --> 00:18:34,240
BEFORE.

572
00:18:34,240 --> 00:18:35,520
HERE I PLED MY CASE FOR ONE MORE

573
00:18:35,520 --> 00:18:37,400
CHANCE AND I MADE A PROMISE THAT

574
00:18:37,400 --> 00:18:40,040
I'D DO BETTER AND RETAKE THE

575
00:18:40,040 --> 00:18:41,000
TEST AFTER WINTER BREAK.

576
00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:42,440
NOW THERE WAS NO PLAN ON HOW I

577
00:18:42,440 --> 00:18:44,080
WAS GOING TO DO BETTER OR WHAT

578
00:18:44,080 --> 00:18:45,520
THEY EVEN ENTAILED, BUT AS FAR

579
00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:48,280
AS I WAS CONCERNED, I WAS

580
00:18:48,280 --> 00:18:49,120
WILLING TO SAY ANYTHING TO

581
00:18:49,120 --> 00:18:50,760
PREVENT THEM FROM ASKING ME THAT

582
00:18:50,760 --> 00:18:53,400
OMINOUS QUESTION ASKED OF MY

583
00:18:53,400 --> 00:18:54,240
LAST CLASSMATES.

584
00:18:54,240 --> 00:18:55,560
THE COMMITTEE DID GIVE ME THAT

585
00:18:55,560 --> 00:18:56,760
SECOND CHANCE.

586
00:18:56,760 --> 00:18:58,320
BUT IT WAS ONLY AFTER A NEW

587
00:18:58,320 --> 00:19:00,680
SOLUTION TO MY SUFFOCATING

588
00:19:00,680 --> 00:19:01,600
DEPRESSION BEGAN TO MANIFEST

589
00:19:01,600 --> 00:19:03,320
ITSELF IN MY MIND.

590
00:19:03,320 --> 00:19:05,440
AND THAT WAS SUICIDE.

591
00:19:05,440 --> 00:19:08,400
WHILE THIS NEW OPPORTUNITY TO

592
00:19:08,400 --> 00:19:09,600
CHANGE COURSE TO PRESS THAT

593
00:19:09,600 --> 00:19:10,560
THOUGHT FOR THE MOMENTS LEADING

594
00:19:10,560 --> 00:19:12,040
TO MY REMEDIATION, THE THOUGHT

595
00:19:12,040 --> 00:19:13,440
CAME BACK WITH EVEN MORE

596
00:19:13,440 --> 00:19:15,760
STRENGTH AND CLARITY DURING

597
00:19:15,760 --> 00:19:16,800
THE -- DURING MY MEETING WITH

598
00:19:16,800 --> 00:19:18,680
ONE OF MY DEANS AFTER ULTIMATELY

599
00:19:18,680 --> 00:19:21,320
FAILING THAT REMEDIATION.

600
00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:24,480
AS I SAT ACROSS THE DESK FROM

601
00:19:24,480 --> 00:19:25,680
THAT DEERNTION I STRUGGLED TO

602
00:19:25,680 --> 00:19:26,800
KEEP MY HANDS FROM SHAKING.

603
00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:28,880
THE NEWS THAT I'D FAILED THIS

604
00:19:28,880 --> 00:19:31,800
TEST AGAIN WAS GROUND SHAKING

605
00:19:31,800 --> 00:19:33,040
ENOUGH, BUT IT WAS WHEN THAT

606
00:19:33,040 --> 00:19:35,440
DEAN UTTERED THOSE WORDS, THAT I

607
00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:37,640
FEARED THE MOST:  ARE YOU SURE

608
00:19:37,640 --> 00:19:39,960
YOU WANT TO BECOME A DOCTOR,

609
00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:41,800
WHEN EVERYTHING CHANGED.

610
00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:43,520
MY HANDS STOPPED SHAKING, A

611
00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:44,720
RINGING NOISE BEGAN TO GROW

612
00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:46,040
LOUDER AND LOUDER IN MY EARS AND

613
00:19:46,040 --> 00:19:47,440
I JUST FELT ABSOLUTELY

614
00:19:47,440 --> 00:19:49,120
BREATHLESS.

615
00:19:49,120 --> 00:19:51,280
I COULDN'T HEAR OR RESPOND TO

616
00:19:51,280 --> 00:19:52,800
ANYTHING THE DEAN SAID AFTER

617
00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:54,000
THIS.

618
00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:54,600
THAT.

619
00:19:54,600 --> 00:19:55,800
BUT I KNEW I NEEDED TO GET OUT

620
00:19:55,800 --> 00:19:56,440
OF THERE.

621
00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:58,400
MOMENTS LATER, I WOULD FIND

622
00:19:58,400 --> 00:19:59,480
MYSELF CROUCHED DOWN ON THE

623
00:19:59,480 --> 00:20:02,360
FLOOR OF AN ENCLOSED STAIRWELL,

624
00:20:02,360 --> 00:20:03,760
CRYING UNCONTROLLABLY.

625
00:20:03,760 --> 00:20:07,360
WHILE TRYING AND FAILING TO

626
00:20:07,360 --> 00:20:08,920
SUPPRESS A GUT WRENCHING PAIN

627
00:20:08,920 --> 00:20:10,200
THAT PARALYZED MY BODY AND

628
00:20:10,200 --> 00:20:12,160
SPIRIT.

629
00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:14,800
THE ONLY WAY I COULD IMAGINE

630
00:20:14,800 --> 00:20:15,680
ALLEVIATING THIS PAIN WAS

631
00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:16,400
THROUGH SUICIDE.

632
00:20:16,400 --> 00:20:18,360
SO AFTER I MUSTERED ENOUGH

633
00:20:18,360 --> 00:20:19,800
STRENGTH TO LEAVE THE STAIRWELL,

634
00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:21,400
I LEFT THE BUILDING ONLY TO FIND

635
00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:24,920
MYSELF IN A MASSIVE SNOWSTORM.

636
00:20:24,920 --> 00:20:26,560
IRENEED WITH THE WEATHER, IF I

637
00:20:26,560 --> 00:20:28,040
WERE TO RUN MY CAR INTO A

638
00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:29,960
TRAFFIC POLE, MY MOTHER AND

639
00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:31,160
GRANDMOTHER WOULD ASSUME THAT MY

640
00:20:31,160 --> 00:20:33,440
DEATH WAS AN ACCIDENT AND FIND A

641
00:20:33,440 --> 00:20:34,760
WAY TO MOVE ON WITHOUT THINKING

642
00:20:34,760 --> 00:20:36,720
THEIR SON WAS A FAILURE.

643
00:20:36,720 --> 00:20:38,160
AS I SAT IN MY CAR WITH THE SNOW

644
00:20:38,160 --> 00:20:39,680
BUILDING UP ON MY WINDSHIELD, I

645
00:20:39,680 --> 00:20:41,320
BEGAN TO THINK ABOUT MY LATE

646
00:20:41,320 --> 00:20:43,640
BEST FRIEND.

647
00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:45,280
WHILE THE THOUGHT OF ALEX' LIFE

648
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:48,440
AND DEATH HAD NEVER LEFT ME, I

649
00:20:48,440 --> 00:20:50,240
DEEP DOWN -- I BELIEVED DEEP

650
00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:52,280
DOWN THAT ALEX' SPIRIT MOVED ME

651
00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:54,160
TO REACH OUT TO HIS MOTHER IN

652
00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:54,600
THOSE FINAL MOMENTS.

653
00:20:54,600 --> 00:20:56,400
IN THE WAKE OF HIS DEATH, I

654
00:20:56,400 --> 00:20:58,280
BECAME VERY CLOSE TO HIS MOTHER,

655
00:20:58,280 --> 00:21:02,880
AND HIS STEPFATHER, JIM, CARLA,

656
00:21:02,880 --> 00:21:04,640
WHO I STARTED TO REFER TO AS MY

657
00:21:04,640 --> 00:21:05,600
OWN GOD PARENTS, PRIMARILY

658
00:21:05,600 --> 00:21:06,720
BECAUSE THEY GAVE ME THE LOVE

659
00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:08,360
AND SUPPORT THAT I LOST FROM MY

660
00:21:08,360 --> 00:21:10,200
OWN FAMILY.

661
00:21:10,200 --> 00:21:10,880
 AFTER I CAME OUT OF

662
00:21:10,880 --> 00:21:11,400
THE CLOSET.

663
00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:13,280
SO I PULLED OUT MY PHONE AND I

664
00:21:13,280 --> 00:21:13,720
CALLED CARLA.

665
00:21:13,720 --> 00:21:15,560
AND THE MOMENT SHE HEARD MY

666
00:21:15,560 --> 00:21:17,120
VOICE, SHE INSTANTLY KNEW

667
00:21:17,120 --> 00:21:18,320
SOMETHING WAS WRONG.

668
00:21:18,320 --> 00:21:20,040
WE WENT BACK AND FORTH WITH ME

669
00:21:20,040 --> 00:21:22,760
DENYING HER ACCUSATION AND

670
00:21:22,760 --> 00:21:23,920
INSISTING -- AND HER INSISTING

671
00:21:23,920 --> 00:21:25,160
ON KNOWING BEFORE I FINALLY

672
00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:26,160
BROKE DOWN AND TOLD HER WHAT

673
00:21:26,160 --> 00:21:28,240
HAPPENED.

674
00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:30,120
WHILE I NEVER TOLD HER ABOUT MY

675
00:21:30,120 --> 00:21:32,960
INITIAL PLAN PRIOR TO THAT CALL,

676
00:21:32,960 --> 00:21:37,120
SHE REFUSED TO GET OFF THE PHONE

677
00:21:37,120 --> 00:21:39,320
UNTIL I GOT HOME.

678
00:21:39,320 --> 00:21:41,040
ALWAYS HAVE A PLAN IN PLACE FOR

679
00:21:41,040 --> 00:21:43,080
MY EVENTUAL LEAVE OF ABSENCE,

680
00:21:43,080 --> 00:21:44,880
TIME I WOULD USE TO ADDRESS MY

681
00:21:44,880 --> 00:21:45,880
MENTAL HEALTH UNDER THE LOVE AND

682
00:21:45,880 --> 00:21:47,080
PROTECTION OF HER AND HER

683
00:21:47,080 --> 00:21:49,160
HUSBAND IN SAN DIEGO.

684
00:21:49,160 --> 00:21:50,520
SO TWO WEEKS LATER, I WAS ON THE

685
00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:54,080
ROAD FROM VERMONT TO SAN DIEGO.

686
00:21:54,080 --> 00:21:56,160
THOSE FIRST TWO DAYS ON THE ROAD

687
00:21:56,160 --> 00:21:58,760
WERE AS THERAPEUTIC AS THEY WERE

688
00:21:58,760 --> 00:21:59,960
TERRIFYING, MAINLY BECAUSE I

689
00:21:59,960 --> 00:22:00,880
DIDN'T KNOW WHAT WAS GOING TO

690
00:22:00,880 --> 00:22:01,400
HAPPEN NEXT.

691
00:22:01,400 --> 00:22:02,600
ALL I WANTED TO DO WAS CURL UP

692
00:22:02,600 --> 00:22:03,960
IN A BALL AND SHUT THE WORLD

693
00:22:03,960 --> 00:22:05,360
OUT.

694
00:22:05,360 --> 00:22:06,920
I CONVINCED MYSELF THAT I WAS --

695
00:22:06,920 --> 00:22:08,200
THAT I WAS NOT GOING TO COME

696
00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:09,400
BACK TO VERMONT AND I WAS GOING

697
00:22:09,400 --> 00:22:10,720
TO LEAVE MEDICAL SCHOOL ALL

698
00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:11,720
TOGETHER AND START A NEW CHAPTER

699
00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:14,440
OUT WESTMENT WHEN I ARRIVED AT

700
00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:16,080
THEIR HOME, SOMETHING HAD

701
00:22:16,080 --> 00:22:16,480
CHANGED.

702
00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:20,800
SURE, THE TREMENDOUS IMPROVEMENT

703
00:22:20,800 --> 00:22:22,640
FROM THE COLD AND DARK WINTER IN

704
00:22:22,640 --> 00:22:24,160
VERMONT TO WARM AND SUNNY

705
00:22:24,160 --> 00:22:27,360
SAN DIEGO WAS A GREAT

706
00:22:27,360 --> 00:22:28,880
TRANSITION, BUT IT WAS THE

707
00:22:28,880 --> 00:22:30,560
UNMISTAKABLE AND UNWAVERING LOVE

708
00:22:30,560 --> 00:22:33,280
OF CARLA AND JIM THAT HAD THE

709
00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:33,960
GREATEST IMPACT.

710
00:22:33,960 --> 00:22:36,560
THEY SAW MY PAIN.

711
00:22:36,560 --> 00:22:38,080
AND DESPITE THE DARK CLOUD OF

712
00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:39,520
DEPRESSION THAT CONSTANTLY

713
00:22:39,520 --> 00:22:42,160
OBSCURED MY VISION, I COULD SEE

714
00:22:42,160 --> 00:22:44,800
THEIR PAIN TOO.

715
00:22:44,800 --> 00:22:46,520
IT HAD ONLY BEEN TWO YEARS SINCE

716
00:22:46,520 --> 00:22:47,640
ALEX HAD DIED AND ALTHOUGH IT

717
00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:51,440
CAME IN WAVES, IT WAS CLEAR THAT

718
00:22:51,440 --> 00:22:52,480
CARLA WAS STILL GRIEVING.

719
00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:53,760
WITH THAT KIND OF LOSS, A MOTHER

720
00:22:53,760 --> 00:22:55,440
NEVER REALLY STOPS GRIEVING.

721
00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:56,800
BUT OVER THOSE TWO YEARS, I'D

722
00:22:56,800 --> 00:22:57,800
ESTABLISHED A RELATIONSHIP WITH

723
00:22:57,800 --> 00:22:58,760
HER AND HER HUSBAND THAT FELT

724
00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:00,080
SAFE.

725
00:23:00,080 --> 00:23:02,800
FOR ME, THEY BECAME SURROGATE

726
00:23:02,800 --> 00:23:04,920
PARENTS, AND IN A WAY, I BECAME

727
00:23:04,920 --> 00:23:06,360
A SURROGATE SON.

728
00:23:06,360 --> 00:23:07,480
SO YOU COULD IMAGINE THE PAIN

729
00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:11,240
THAT I FELT WHEN I SAT ACROSS

730
00:23:11,240 --> 00:23:12,680
THE KITCHEN TABLE FROM CARLA AND

731
00:23:12,680 --> 00:23:13,640
SAW HER WEEPING.

732
00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:16,000
IN THAT MOMENT, SHE LOOKED UP AT

733
00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,600
ME AND PAINFULLY SAID, I CAN'T

734
00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:24,640
LOSE ANOTHER SON.

735
00:23:24,640 --> 00:23:29,200
I WILL NEVER FORGET THAT MOMENT.

736
00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:31,160
EMOTIONALLY, THEN AND TO THIS

737
00:23:31,160 --> 00:23:33,120
DAY, IT SHOOK ME TO MY CORE.

738
00:23:33,120 --> 00:23:35,960
I MADE A PROMISE THAT NIGHT TO

739
00:23:35,960 --> 00:23:37,320
HER THAT SHE WOULD NEVER LOSE

740
00:23:37,320 --> 00:23:38,640
ME.

741
00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,040
SO NEXT DAY I OPENED MY BAC PAC

742
00:23:41,040 --> 00:23:43,000
AND I STARTED STUDYING FOR STEP

743
00:23:43,000 --> 00:23:43,200
ONE.

744
00:23:43,200 --> 00:23:44,440
I MADE A DECISION THAT I WAS

745
00:23:44,440 --> 00:23:48,480
GOING TO YOUR HONOR  TO RETURN F

746
00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,000
NOT FOR ME, FOR MY GOD PARENTS,

747
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:52,440
BUT I STILL WAS TERRIFIED.

748
00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:53,480
I STILL DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO

749
00:23:53,480 --> 00:23:54,720
TAMPER OR CONTROL THE

750
00:23:54,720 --> 00:23:55,080
DEPRESSION.

751
00:23:55,080 --> 00:23:56,280
AND ALTHOUGH I DIDN'T WANT TO

752
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:58,240
ADMIT IT, I DIDN'T REALLY KNOW

753
00:23:58,240 --> 00:23:59,960
HOW TO STUDY FOR A BOARD EXAM.

754
00:23:59,960 --> 00:24:01,320
I WAS AFRAID OF JUDGMENT.

755
00:24:01,320 --> 00:24:03,120
I WAS AFRAID OF FAILURE.

756
00:24:03,120 --> 00:24:04,560
BUT THAT FEAR DIDN'T STOP MY GOD

757
00:24:04,560 --> 00:24:06,760
PARENTS FROM GETTING ME SET UP

758
00:24:06,760 --> 00:24:08,320
WITH A THERAPIST.

759
00:24:08,320 --> 00:24:08,840
SPECIFICALLY, ONE THAT WAS

760
00:24:08,840 --> 00:24:10,080
TRAINED IN COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL

761
00:24:10,080 --> 00:24:11,160
THERAPY.

762
00:24:11,160 --> 00:24:13,120
NOW I'LL ADMIT, INITIALLY I WAS

763
00:24:13,120 --> 00:24:14,080
PRETTY SKEPTICAL.

764
00:24:14,080 --> 00:24:16,320
BUT I KEPT AN OPEN MIND, AND

765
00:24:16,320 --> 00:24:18,040
HONESTLY, IT CHANGED MY LIFE.

766
00:24:18,040 --> 00:24:20,200
THE GREATEST LESSON I GOT FROM

767
00:24:20,200 --> 00:24:23,280
THOSE SESSIONS WAS LEARNING THAT

768
00:24:23,280 --> 00:24:24,600
FAILURE CAN BE AN OPTION, AND IT

769
00:24:24,600 --> 00:24:26,360
CAN BE USED FOR CONSTRUCTIVE

770
00:24:26,360 --> 00:24:27,640
CHANGE.

771
00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:29,720
THERAPY HELPED ME ATTAIN A NEW

772
00:24:29,720 --> 00:24:30,040
PERSPECTIVE.

773
00:24:30,040 --> 00:24:31,960
IT TAUGHT ME HOW TO BE

774
00:24:31,960 --> 00:24:32,720
RESILIENT.

775
00:24:32,720 --> 00:24:34,120
BUT BECAUSE OF THE SHAME I

776
00:24:34,120 --> 00:24:35,880
CONTINUED TO FEEL WHEN IT CAME

777
00:24:35,880 --> 00:24:37,840
TO ASKING FOR HELP, I CONTINUED

778
00:24:37,840 --> 00:24:40,240
TO STRUGGLE ACADEMICALLY WHILE

779
00:24:40,240 --> 00:24:42,560
PREPARING TO TAKE STEP ONE.

780
00:24:42,560 --> 00:24:43,960
SO AS YOU PROBABLY PREDICTED,

781
00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:45,920
WHEN I TOOK THE EXAM THREE

782
00:24:45,920 --> 00:24:48,360
MONTHS LATER, I FAILED.

783
00:24:48,360 --> 00:24:50,400
BUT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THAT

784
00:24:50,400 --> 00:24:51,960
FAILURE AND THE FAILURE THAT LED

785
00:24:51,960 --> 00:24:53,640
ME TO CONTEMPLATING SUICIDE WAS

786
00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:54,880
THAT I FINALLY UNDERSTOOD WHAT I

787
00:24:54,880 --> 00:24:56,800
WAS DOING WRONG.

788
00:24:56,800 --> 00:24:58,640
I NEEDED HELP.

789
00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:00,240
AND I NEEDED TO BE COMFORTABLE

790
00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:03,360
ASKING FOR THAT HELP.

791
00:25:03,360 --> 00:25:05,640
FAILURE IS INDEED AN OPTION.

792
00:25:05,640 --> 00:25:07,840
THAT'S HOW YOU GROW FROM THAT

793
00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:09,480
FAILURE THAT DETERMINES YOUR

794
00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:09,800
SUCCESS.

795
00:25:09,800 --> 00:25:12,840
I LEARNED THAT THROUGH THERAPY,

796
00:25:12,840 --> 00:25:13,920
AND FROM MY GOD PARENTS.

797
00:25:13,920 --> 00:25:16,000
SO WHEN I RETURNED TO VERMONT, I

798
00:25:16,000 --> 00:25:19,120
GOT TO WORK.

799
00:25:19,120 --> 00:25:20,520
FIRST THING I DID WAS FIND A

800
00:25:20,520 --> 00:25:21,400
PERSONAL TUTOR TO HELP ME LEARN

801
00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:23,160
IN A WAY THAT WAS BEST FOR ME.

802
00:25:23,160 --> 00:25:24,800
SECOND THING I DID WAS FIND A

803
00:25:24,800 --> 00:25:26,000
NEW THERAPIST WHO COULD PICK UP

804
00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:27,840
WHERE MY OLD THERAPIST LEFT OFF.

805
00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:29,840
I WAS COMMITTED TO ENSURING THE

806
00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:31,440
PERSON I WAS WAS NO LONGER THE

807
00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:34,440
PERSON I AM NOW.

808
00:25:34,440 --> 00:25:36,640
I BEGAN THE WORK ACADEMICALLY,

809
00:25:36,640 --> 00:25:37,320
EMOTIONALLY AND PHYSICALLY AND

810
00:25:37,320 --> 00:25:39,680
IT WORKED.

811
00:25:39,680 --> 00:25:41,320
I RE-TOOK STEP ONE, I PASSED.

812
00:25:41,320 --> 00:25:45,160
I WAS SO EXCITED WHEN I FOUND

813
00:25:45,160 --> 00:25:45,360
OUT.

814
00:25:45,360 --> 00:25:46,920
AND WITH THAT, I HAD STARTED A

815
00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:48,440
NEW CHAPTER IN MY LIFE.

816
00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:50,960
I DIDN'T JUST WANT TO LIVE

817
00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:52,520
ANYMORE, I WANTED TO THRIVE.

818
00:25:52,520 --> 00:25:54,080
BUT I WANTED TO DO IT WITHOUT

819
00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:55,160
SHARING HOW DARK MY LIFE HAD

820
00:25:55,160 --> 00:25:56,560
BEEN.

821
00:25:56,560 --> 00:25:58,200
OR RE-OPENING UP MYSELF TO THE

822
00:25:58,200 --> 00:25:59,840
PAIN AND SHAME THAT I HAD FELT

823
00:25:59,840 --> 00:26:02,040
FOR SO LONG.

824
00:26:02,040 --> 00:26:05,840
THEN THE SPRING OF 2020 CAME.

825
00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:08,280
WHILE 2020 SEVERED AS A SHARED

826
00:26:08,280 --> 00:26:09,360
TRAUMA AMONG EVERYONE LIVING

827
00:26:09,360 --> 00:26:13,080
THROUGH THIS NEW PANDEMIC, THE

828
00:26:13,080 --> 00:26:15,600
PEOPLE IN THIS ROOM NO

829
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:16,600
WITHSTANDING, FOR ME THIS TIME

830
00:26:16,600 --> 00:26:19,560
PERIOD BETWEEN MARCH AND JUNE OF

831
00:26:19,560 --> 00:26:21,560
2020 WAS ABSOLUTELY SO

832
00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:21,960
QUESTIONING.

833
00:26:21,960 --> 00:26:22,920
WITHIN THE FIRST THREE MONTHS OF

834
00:26:22,920 --> 00:26:24,200
THE PANDEMIC, I LOST THREE

835
00:26:24,200 --> 00:26:29,280
FAMILY MEMBERS TO COVID-19.

836
00:26:29,280 --> 00:26:31,320
A COUSIN TO POLICE BRUTALITY

837
00:26:31,320 --> 00:26:33,120
WHOSE DEATH WAS CAPTURED ON FILM

838
00:26:33,120 --> 00:26:34,680
AND BROADCAST ALONG GEORGE FLOYD

839
00:26:34,680 --> 00:26:37,160
AND DOZENS OF OTHER VICTIMS OF

840
00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:39,600
POLICE BRUTALITY IN 2020, AND

841
00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:41,240
FINALLY, MY FRIEND AND

842
00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:42,400
CLASSMATE, ONE OF ONLY FIVE

843
00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:44,400
BLACK MEN IN THE ENTIRE MEDICAL

844
00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:47,440
SCHOOL, HAD DIED BY SUICIDE.

845
00:26:47,440 --> 00:26:50,520
WHILE I WILL NEVER KNOW WHAT IT

846
00:26:50,520 --> 00:26:51,840
WAS EXACTLY THAT LED TO HIS

847
00:26:51,840 --> 00:26:53,480
DEATH, I COULD NOT DENY THE

848
00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:55,120
PARALLEL EXPERIENCES THAT BOTH

849
00:26:55,120 --> 00:26:57,400
OF US WENT THROUGH, LEADING UP

850
00:26:57,400 --> 00:26:59,600
TO OUR MOMENTS OF CRISIS.

851
00:26:59,600 --> 00:27:02,000
I FELT AND STILL FEEL A

852
00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:03,560
TREMENDOUS GUILT.

853
00:27:03,560 --> 00:27:06,200
HE WAS ONE CLASS BEHIND ME.

854
00:27:06,200 --> 00:27:07,720
HE HAD SOME REAL STRUGGLE, HE

855
00:27:07,720 --> 00:27:09,360
HAD SIMILAR WAYS OF COPING,

856
00:27:09,360 --> 00:27:11,840
SIMILAR FEARS, BUT I DID

857
00:27:11,840 --> 00:27:12,640
NOTHING.

858
00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:13,840
I NEVER TOLD HIM ABOUT THE

859
00:27:13,840 --> 00:27:18,280
WARNING SIGNS, I NEVER WARNED

860
00:27:18,280 --> 00:27:19,880
HIM ABOUT HOW BAD THINGS COULD

861
00:27:19,880 --> 00:27:21,160
GET, HOW DARKER THOUGHTS COULD

862
00:27:21,160 --> 00:27:22,920
BE OR HOW ISOLATED YOU COULD

863
00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:24,040
FEEL, BUT THE POINT THAT HAUNTED

864
00:27:24,040 --> 00:27:26,560
ME THE MOST WAS THAT I DIDN'T

865
00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:29,320
TELL HIM IT WORKED.

866
00:27:29,320 --> 00:27:31,160
I WAS INCREDIBLY BLESSED TO HAVE

867
00:27:31,160 --> 00:27:32,560
CARLA AND JIM, BOTH GREATLY

868
00:27:32,560 --> 00:27:33,640
WOUNDED BY THE LOSS OF THEIR SON

869
00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:35,760
AND MY BEST FRIEND, COME IN AND

870
00:27:35,760 --> 00:27:37,520
SAVE ME FROM MYSELF.

871
00:27:37,520 --> 00:27:40,120
BEFORE I REACHED THE POINT OF NO

872
00:27:40,120 --> 00:27:40,640
RETURN.

873
00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:42,960
THE LESSONS I LEARNED WERE LOVE,

874
00:27:42,960 --> 00:27:44,480
EMPATHY AND EXPERIENCES, TOOK ME

875
00:27:44,480 --> 00:27:45,720
TO A PLACE WHERE I COULD FINALLY

876
00:27:45,720 --> 00:27:47,560
BE HEALED.

877
00:27:47,560 --> 00:27:48,960
BUT MY CLASSMATE DIDN'T HAVE

878
00:27:48,960 --> 00:27:49,760
THAT.

879
00:27:49,760 --> 00:27:51,200
AND WHILE BEFORE HIS DEATH, I

880
00:27:51,200 --> 00:27:53,040
THOUGHT THE PROBLEM WAS ME, THAT

881
00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:55,760
I WAS UNIQUE I AND MY EXPERIENCE

882
00:27:55,760 --> 00:27:57,080
WAS EXTRAORDINARY, I BEGAN TO

883
00:27:57,080 --> 00:27:58,600
RECOGNIZE THAT I WAS NOT UNIQUE.

884
00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:00,360
AND IN FACT, I WAS PART OF A

885
00:28:00,360 --> 00:28:02,120
TREND.

886
00:28:02,120 --> 00:28:04,600
AFTER MY FRIEND'S DEATH, I BEGAN

887
00:28:04,600 --> 00:28:06,160
TO DO SOME RESEARCH.

888
00:28:06,160 --> 00:28:08,240
AND WHAT I DISCOVERED ABSOLUTELY

889
00:28:08,240 --> 00:28:09,600
HORRIFIED ME.

890
00:28:09,600 --> 00:28:10,800
THE FIRST THING I LEARNED WAS

891
00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:12,880
THAT MEDICAL STUDENTS DIE THREE

892
00:28:12,880 --> 00:28:14,800
TIMES -- OR EXCUSE ME -- FIRST

893
00:28:14,800 --> 00:28:15,960
THING I LEARNED WAS THAT MEDICAL

894
00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:17,360
STUDENTS ARE THREE TIMES MORE

895
00:28:17,360 --> 00:28:19,120
LIKELY TO DIE BY SUICIDE THAN

896
00:28:19,120 --> 00:28:20,240
THE REST OF THE GENERAL

897
00:28:20,240 --> 00:28:20,640
POPULATION.

898
00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:22,280
AND IF THAT WASN'T BAD ENOUGH, I

899
00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:24,040
LEARNED THAT SUICIDE WAS THE

900
00:28:24,040 --> 00:28:25,360
LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN MALE

901
00:28:25,360 --> 00:28:26,880
RESIDENTS.

902
00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:29,080
AND AS RESIDENTS ADVANCED

903
00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:32,680
BECOMING TO ATTENDINGS,

904
00:28:32,680 --> 00:28:35,120
PHYSICIANS CONTINUED TO DIE BY

905
00:28:35,120 --> 00:28:36,440
SUICIDES AT HIGHER RATES THAN

906
00:28:36,440 --> 00:28:37,600
THE GENERAL POPULATION.

907
00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:39,720
CLEARLY THIS WAS A SYSTEMIC

908
00:28:39,720 --> 00:28:41,000
PROBLEM BUT IT'S HARDLY NEW.

909
00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:44,280
GOING BACK JAMA PUBLISHED AN

910
00:28:44,280 --> 00:28:45,960
ARTICLE TRYING TO BRING

911
00:28:45,960 --> 00:28:48,880
ATTENTION TO THIS ISSUE OF

912
00:28:48,880 --> 00:28:55,840
SUICIDE AMONG PHYSICIANS BU.

913
00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:58,000
RECOGNIZING THE POWER OF HOW THE

914
00:28:58,000 --> 00:28:59,520
LIVED EXPERIENCE OF ALEX, CARLA

915
00:28:59,520 --> 00:29:00,720
AND JIM HAD SHAPED MY LIFE FOR

916
00:29:00,720 --> 00:29:02,520
THE BETTER, I DECIDED IT WAS

917
00:29:02,520 --> 00:29:04,120
TIME TO SHARE MY STORY AND HELP

918
00:29:04,120 --> 00:29:06,960
OTHERS DO THE SAME.

919
00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:09,960
START WITH THE VIDEO SERIES

920
00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:11,240
WHICH SHINED A LIGHT ON THE

921
00:29:11,240 --> 00:29:14,080
PEOPLE AT MY MEDICAL SCHOOL,

922
00:29:14,080 --> 00:29:15,640
THAT FACED GREAT CHALLENGES AS

923
00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:17,160
THEY WENT THROUGH THEIR

924
00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:18,240
TRAINING.

925
00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:20,560
BUT NONETHELESS, OVERCAME THESE

926
00:29:20,560 --> 00:29:23,520
CHALLENGES OR BECAME STRONGER

927
00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:24,480
BECAUSE OF THEM.

928
00:29:24,480 --> 00:29:26,040
THEN I BEGAN TO WRITE ABOUT THE

929
00:29:26,040 --> 00:29:27,040
TWO ISSUES I KNEW THE MOST

930
00:29:27,040 --> 00:29:27,240
ABOUT.

931
00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:29,280
THE EXPERIENCE OF BEING A BLACK

932
00:29:29,280 --> 00:29:30,800
MALE MEDICAL STUDENT IN 2020, IN

933
00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:33,040
THE MIDST OF BOTH COVID-19 AND A

934
00:29:33,040 --> 00:29:34,560
NATIONAL RACIAL RECKONING, AND

935
00:29:34,560 --> 00:29:36,200
THE CRITICAL NEED FOR A CULTURE

936
00:29:36,200 --> 00:29:38,200
CHANGE.

937
00:29:38,200 --> 00:29:40,240
TO ADDRESS THE EPIDEMIC OF

938
00:29:40,240 --> 00:29:42,320
SUICIDE AND MENTAL HEALTH IN OUR

939
00:29:42,320 --> 00:29:44,280
TRAINING AND PROFESSION.

940
00:29:44,280 --> 00:29:46,280
TO MY SINCERE SURPRISE, THE

941
00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:51,320
PUBLICATION OF THESE H ESSAYS WE

942
00:29:51,320 --> 00:29:52,600
CRITICALLY ACCLAIMED.

943
00:29:52,600 --> 00:29:54,480
THE RECOMMENDATIONS I OUTLINED

944
00:29:54,480 --> 00:29:56,840
IN MY ESSAY, "WE BURN OUT, WE

945
00:29:56,840 --> 00:29:57,960
BREAK, WE DIE," REGARDING

946
00:29:57,960 --> 00:29:58,840
SUICIDE PREVENTION WITHIN

947
00:29:58,840 --> 00:29:59,960
MEDICAL EDUCATION LED TO

948
00:29:59,960 --> 00:30:00,600
CURRICULUM CHANGES AROUND THE

949
00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:02,120
WORLD.

950
00:30:02,120 --> 00:30:04,440
FROM MEDICAL SCHOOLS IN THE U.K.

951
00:30:04,440 --> 00:30:06,280
TO HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL.

952
00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:08,120
THE ESSAY WOULD GO ON TO WIN THE

953
00:30:08,120 --> 00:30:09,840
JOHN A. BENSON AWARD FROM THE

954
00:30:09,840 --> 00:30:11,560
AMERICAN BAMERICAN BOARD OF INTD

955
00:30:11,560 --> 00:30:14,280
SON FOR BEST ARTICLE OF 2021.

956
00:30:14,280 --> 00:30:15,920
THIS WAS THE POWER OF THE

957
00:30:15,920 --> 00:30:19,720
WOUNDED HEALER.

958
00:30:19,720 --> 00:30:21,240
SO AFTER A WHIRLWIND YEAR AND

959
00:30:21,240 --> 00:30:24,760
COUNTLESS MOMENTS OF GRIEF, JOY,

960
00:30:24,760 --> 00:30:26,200
PAIN AND HEALING, I'D FINALLY

961
00:30:26,200 --> 00:30:27,160
REACHED MY GRADUATION DAY.

962
00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:29,600
AND WHILE THE PANDEMIC HAD HAD A

963
00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:31,200
DEVASTATING IMPACT ON MY FAMILY,

964
00:30:31,200 --> 00:30:32,760
IT ALSO MADE US STRONGER.

965
00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:34,280
THE TENSIONS I'D HAD BETWEEN MY

966
00:30:34,280 --> 00:30:35,600
FATHER AND FAMILY DIDN'T MATTER

967
00:30:35,600 --> 00:30:36,560
ANYMORE.

968
00:30:36,560 --> 00:30:38,240
THE WOUNDS THAT BOUND US

969
00:30:38,240 --> 00:30:43,720
TOGETHER HELPED HELPED FACILITAA

970
00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:44,760
UNITED HEEL HALING THAT I WILL

971
00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:45,880
BE FOREVER GRATEFUL FOR.

972
00:30:45,880 --> 00:30:49,280
SO WHAT IS THE POINT OF THIS

973
00:30:49,280 --> 00:30:49,800
STORY?

974
00:30:49,800 --> 00:30:51,000
MY ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO HELP YOU

975
00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:51,960
RECOGNIZE THE POWER THAT YOU

976
00:30:51,960 --> 00:30:52,440
HAVE.

977
00:30:52,440 --> 00:30:55,200
AND WE ARE ALL WOUNDED HEALERS.

978
00:30:55,200 --> 00:30:57,680
IN OUR OWN UNIQUE WAY.

979
00:30:57,680 --> 00:30:59,320
AND COLLECTIVELY, OUR

980
00:30:59,320 --> 00:31:01,280
EXPERIENCES, BOTH LIVED AND

981
00:31:01,280 --> 00:31:02,720
WITNESSED, GIVE US A POWER THAT

982
00:31:02,720 --> 00:31:05,040
CAN INSPIRE CHANGE.

983
00:31:05,040 --> 00:31:06,880
BRIDGE DIVIDES THOUGHT TO BE

984
00:31:06,880 --> 00:31:08,440
INSURMOUNTABLE AND SAVE LIVES.

985
00:31:08,440 --> 00:31:09,880
THIS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE WHEN WE

986
00:31:09,880 --> 00:31:11,480
TALK ABOUT MENTAL ILLNESS.

987
00:31:11,480 --> 00:31:14,000
WHETHER YOU'RE BLACK, WHITE,

988
00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:16,680
STRAIGHT, GAY, REPUBLICAN OR

989
00:31:16,680 --> 00:31:17,120
DEMOCRAT.

990
00:31:17,120 --> 00:31:18,720
OVER THE COURSE OF THIS ENTIRE

991
00:31:18,720 --> 00:31:20,600
TALK, I'VE SPOKEN RATHER

992
00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:21,920
CANDIDLY ABOUT MY STRUGGLE WITH

993
00:31:21,920 --> 00:31:22,800
DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE.

994
00:31:22,800 --> 00:31:25,200
AND OF COURSE I DIDN'T HAVE TO.

995
00:31:25,200 --> 00:31:27,080
IN FACT, WHEN I WAS APPLYING FOR

996
00:31:27,080 --> 00:31:28,280
RESIDENCY, I WAS STRONGLY

997
00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:31,440
ENCOURAGED NOT TO.

998
00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:32,520
BUT WHAT GOOD WOULD THAT HAVE

999
00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:33,080
DONE?

1000
00:31:33,080 --> 00:31:34,200
WHAT MESSAGE WOULD THAT HAVE

1001
00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:34,520
SENT?

1002
00:31:34,520 --> 00:31:36,840
AS WOUNDED HEALERS, WE HAVE THE

1003
00:31:36,840 --> 00:31:38,440
POWER TO CHANGE PERCEPTION.

1004
00:31:38,440 --> 00:31:40,000
WE ARE IN POSITIONS THAT WE HOLD

1005
00:31:40,000 --> 00:31:41,880
TODAY AS A REFLECTION OF THE

1006
00:31:41,880 --> 00:31:42,680
EXPERIENCES THAT BROUGHT US

1007
00:31:42,680 --> 00:31:43,600
HERE.

1008
00:31:43,600 --> 00:31:45,360
GOOD OR BAD.

1009
00:31:45,360 --> 00:31:48,520
FOR ME, MY JOURNEY LED ME INTO A

1010
00:31:48,520 --> 00:31:50,920
INCREDIBLY FULFILLING CAREER

1011
00:31:50,920 --> 00:31:53,680
DEVOTED TOWARD THE MENTAL AND

1012
00:31:53,680 --> 00:31:54,680
PHYSICIAN WELL-BEING OF THE

1013
00:31:54,680 --> 00:31:56,080
FOLKS FROM MARGINALIZED

1014
00:31:56,080 --> 00:31:56,960
COMMUNITIES LIKE MY OWN.

1015
00:31:56,960 --> 00:31:58,600
THIS IS PARTICULARLY TRUE WHEN

1016
00:31:58,600 --> 00:32:02,840
IT COMES TO MY -- I AM A PROUD

1017
00:32:02,840 --> 00:32:04,280
PROVIDER OF GENDER-AFFIRMING

1018
00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:05,200
CARE BECAUSE I UNDERSTAND THAT

1019
00:32:05,200 --> 00:32:07,120
ACCESS TO THIS CRITICAL RESOURCE

1020
00:32:07,120 --> 00:32:08,880
IS ONE OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE

1021
00:32:08,880 --> 00:32:10,760
TOOLS WE HAVE FOR SUICIDE

1022
00:32:10,760 --> 00:32:11,440
PREVENTION IN THE TRANSGENDER

1023
00:32:11,440 --> 00:32:12,600
COMMUNITY.

1024
00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:15,560
AND WHILE I MAY IDENTIFY AS A

1025
00:32:15,560 --> 00:32:17,080
BLACK CISGENDER GAY MALE, THE

1026
00:32:17,080 --> 00:32:18,200
POWERFUL CONNECTION THAT I'M

1027
00:32:18,200 --> 00:32:22,240
ABLE TO CREATE AS A WOWBD WOUNDD

1028
00:32:22,240 --> 00:32:24,000
HEALER FOR MY PATIENTS CREATES

1029
00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:25,080
AN INVALUABLE TRUST THAT SAVES

1030
00:32:25,080 --> 00:32:25,640
LIVES.

1031
00:32:25,640 --> 00:32:26,360
UNFORTUNATELY, WE ARE LIVING IN

1032
00:32:26,360 --> 00:32:28,680
A TIME WHERE THE HEALTH AND

1033
00:32:28,680 --> 00:32:29,480
WELL-BEING OF THE LGBTQ

1034
00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:32,600
COMMUNITY IS UNDER ATTACK.

1035
00:32:32,600 --> 00:32:33,920
AND NUMEROUS COMMUNITIES ACROSS

1036
00:32:33,920 --> 00:32:34,560
THIS COUNTRY.

1037
00:32:34,560 --> 00:32:38,920
THIS IS NOT -- THIS NOT ONLY --

1038
00:32:38,920 --> 00:32:41,520
TO DO MOI JOB EFFECTIVELY LU

1039
00:32:41,520 --> 00:32:43,400
MOREOVER IT AIIVETS THE LIVES OF

1040
00:32:43,400 --> 00:32:43,720
THOSE I LOVE.

1041
00:32:43,720 --> 00:32:46,520
SO I'M TAPPING INTO THIS POWER

1042
00:32:46,520 --> 00:32:48,640
OF THE WOUNDED HEALER MORE THAN

1043
00:32:48,640 --> 00:32:58,720
EVER.

1044
00:32:59,320 --> 00:33:00,920
SO AS I WRAP UP THIS TALK, I

1045
00:33:00,920 --> 00:33:02,120
PROMISE YOU I'M ALMOST DONE, I

1046
00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:04,160
WANT TO ENCOURAGE ALL OF YOU AS

1047
00:33:04,160 --> 00:33:06,360
LEADERS IN OUR PROFESSION AND

1048
00:33:06,360 --> 00:33:08,000
FELLOW WOUNDED HEALERS TO SHARE

1049
00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:10,720
YOUR LIVED EXPERIENCE.

1050
00:33:10,720 --> 00:33:11,880
ESPECIALLY IF IT INCLUDING

1051
00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:13,040
STRUGGLING WITH MENTAL ILLNESS.

1052
00:33:13,040 --> 00:33:15,600
BECAUSE THE ONLY WAY WE CAN

1053
00:33:15,600 --> 00:33:17,040
REDUCE OR ELIMINATE STIGMA IS

1054
00:33:17,040 --> 00:33:19,320
THANK YOU EMPATHY.

1055
00:33:19,320 --> 00:33:21,280
A WISE WOMAN TOLD ME RECENTLY

1056
00:33:21,280 --> 00:33:22,160
THAT EVERYTHING THAT HAS

1057
00:33:22,160 --> 00:33:23,480
HAPPENED TO YOU WAS ALSO

1058
00:33:23,480 --> 00:33:25,520
HAPPENING FOR YOU.

1059
00:33:25,520 --> 00:33:27,200
AND IN THOSE MOMENTS YOU WERE

1060
00:33:27,200 --> 00:33:28,720
BUILDING STRENGTH.

1061
00:33:28,720 --> 00:33:30,720
I WOULD ADD TO THAT IN THOSE

1062
00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:32,120
MOMENTS YOU WERE BUILDING POWER,

1063
00:33:32,120 --> 00:33:33,640
YOU WERE BUILDING POWER.

1064
00:33:33,640 --> 00:33:34,200
EXCUSE ME.

1065
00:33:34,200 --> 00:33:36,480
MY MOUTH IS SUPER DRY RIGHT NOW.

1066
00:33:36,480 --> 00:33:39,960
USE THIS POWER, YOUR GIFTS AND

1067
00:33:39,960 --> 00:33:41,160
WISDOM TO LEND GUIDANCE TO

1068
00:33:41,160 --> 00:33:42,280
SOMEONE WHO MIGHT BE A LITTLE

1069
00:33:42,280 --> 00:33:43,520
LOST.

1070
00:33:43,520 --> 00:33:44,800
YOU CAN START BY SIMPLY ASKING

1071
00:33:44,800 --> 00:33:46,120
THE RIGHT QUESTIONS.

1072
00:33:46,120 --> 00:33:48,400
OR JUST THE QUESTIONS IN

1073
00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:48,840
GENERAL.

1074
00:33:48,840 --> 00:33:50,400
YOU ASK SOMEONE HOW THEY'RE

1075
00:33:50,400 --> 00:33:52,040
DOING, REALLY MEAN IT, RIGHT?

1076
00:33:52,040 --> 00:33:54,080
ASK WITH INTENTION.

1077
00:33:54,080 --> 00:33:56,280
THEN FOLLOW UP BY BEING PRESENT,

1078
00:33:56,280 --> 00:33:57,200
ACTUALLY LISTENING AND BEING

1079
00:33:57,200 --> 00:33:58,680
WILLING TO HELP.

1080
00:33:58,680 --> 00:34:00,480
OR OFFER SUPPORT IN WHATEVER WAY

1081
00:34:00,480 --> 00:34:00,880
YOU CAN.

1082
00:34:00,880 --> 00:34:03,440
THIS CAN COME IN THE FORM OF

1083
00:34:03,440 --> 00:34:04,880
MENTORSHIP, SCHOLARSHIP, A WARM

1084
00:34:04,880 --> 00:34:07,680
MEAL, EVEN A HUG.

1085
00:34:07,680 --> 00:34:09,440
WHATEVER ASSET YOU HAVE TO

1086
00:34:09,440 --> 00:34:11,160
OFFER, PAY IT FORWARD.

1087
00:34:11,160 --> 00:34:12,840
BECAUSE YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT

1088
00:34:12,840 --> 00:34:16,880
INCREDIBLE AND LIFE CHANGING

1089
00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:18,200
MOMENTS THAT WILL CREATE.

1090
00:34:18,200 --> 00:34:19,400
I AM A LIVING EXAMPLE OF THAT.

1091
00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:22,680
THANK YOU INVESTM VERY MUCH.

1092
00:34:22,680 --> 00:34:27,680
[APPLAUSE]

1093
00:34:27,680 --> 00:34:31,680
>>THANK YOU SO MUCH, DR.
VEAL.

1094
00:34:31,680 --> 00:34:34,520
NOW I WILL INTRODUCE OUR

1095
00:34:34,520 --> 00:34:37,560
SPEAKERS FOR OUR PANEL.

1096
00:34:37,560 --> 00:34:40,520
IF YOU WOULD JUST BEAR WITH ME.

1097
00:34:40,520 --> 00:34:41,640
I'LL INTRODUCE EVERYONE AS THEY

1098
00:34:41,640 --> 00:34:43,640
WILL BE PRESENTING.

1099
00:34:43,640 --> 00:34:50,600
OUR FIRST PRESENTER IS DR. JOSE

1100
00:34:50,600 --> 00:34:52,120
BAUERMOSSTER, CHAIR OF THE

1101
00:34:52,120 --> 00:34:53,840
DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY AND

1102
00:34:53,840 --> 00:34:54,840
COMMUNITY HEALTH AT THE

1103
00:34:54,840 --> 00:34:56,240
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

1104
00:34:56,240 --> 00:34:57,080
SCHOOL OF NURSING.

1105
00:34:57,080 --> 00:34:59,080
HIS RESEARCH FOCUSES ON

1106
00:34:59,080 --> 00:35:00,120
TRANSLATING THEORETICALLY

1107
00:35:00,120 --> 00:35:02,120
INFORMED RESEARCH TO DEVELOP AND

1108
00:35:02,120 --> 00:35:03,200
TEST INTERVENTIONS FOR RACIAL

1109
00:35:03,200 --> 00:35:05,840
AND ETHNICALLY DIVERSE SEXUAL

1110
00:35:05,840 --> 00:35:06,520
AND GENDER MINORITIES.

1111
00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:10,000
HE HAS AN ACTIVE PORTFOLIO OF E

1112
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:11,200
INTERVENTIONS FOCUSED ON

1113
00:35:11,200 --> 00:35:13,160
CREATING PERSONALIZED CONTENT

1114
00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:14,680
FOR SEXUAL MINORITY ADOLESCENTS

1115
00:35:14,680 --> 00:35:17,400
AND YOUNG ADULTS.

1116
00:35:17,400 --> 00:35:19,000
HIS DEDICATION TO

1117
00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:19,960
MULTIDISCIPLINARY WORK IS

1118
00:35:19,960 --> 00:35:21,600
REFLECTED IN HIS FUNDING

1119
00:35:21,600 --> 00:35:22,400
PORTFOLIO.

1120
00:35:22,400 --> 00:35:24,000
HE'S CURRENTLY THE PRINCIPAL

1121
00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:26,520
INVESTIGATOR AND CO-INVESTIGATOR

1122
00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:28,720
OF SEVERAL MIXED METHODS R AND U

1123
00:35:28,720 --> 00:35:31,040
PROJECTS IN THIS AREA.

1124
00:35:31,040 --> 00:35:32,240
INCLUDING A LIFE SKILLS

1125
00:35:32,240 --> 00:35:33,320
INTERVENTION FOR ADOLESCENT MEN

1126
00:35:33,320 --> 00:35:36,400
WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN, AND HIV,

1127
00:35:36,400 --> 00:35:38,040
STI, TESTING INTERVENTION

1128
00:35:38,040 --> 00:35:40,120
EMBEDDED WITH THE NIH ADOLESCENT

1129
00:35:40,120 --> 00:35:41,880
TRIALS NETWORK, AND AN

1130
00:35:41,880 --> 00:35:44,040
INTERSECTIONAL STIGMA

1131
00:35:44,040 --> 00:35:46,360
INTERVENTION FOR BLACK AND

1132
00:35:46,360 --> 00:35:48,360
LATINX MSM AND TRANS WOMEN.

1133
00:35:48,360 --> 00:35:54,680
NEXT IS DR. JILL FRIEDMAN,

1134
00:35:54,680 --> 00:35:55,240
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT OF

1135
00:35:55,240 --> 00:35:57,600
RESEARCH AND LEADS THE AMERICAN

1136
00:35:57,600 --> 00:35:58,640
FOUNDATION FOR SUICIDE

1137
00:35:58,640 --> 00:35:59,640
PREVENTIONS RESEARCH PROGRAM,

1138
00:35:59,640 --> 00:36:01,920
WHICH FUNDS RESEARCH GRANTS,

1139
00:36:01,920 --> 00:36:03,600
OFFERS WORKSHOPS AND TRAINING TO

1140
00:36:03,600 --> 00:36:05,040
RESEARCHERS AND DISSEMINATES

1141
00:36:05,040 --> 00:36:06,320
RESEARCH FINDINGS TO INCREASE

1142
00:36:06,320 --> 00:36:08,520
PUBLIC AWARENESS AND SUPPORT

1143
00:36:08,520 --> 00:36:09,080
ADVOCACY.

1144
00:36:09,080 --> 00:36:11,040
DURING HER 35 YEARS AS A

1145
00:36:11,040 --> 00:36:13,920
CLINICIAN AND RESEARCHER, SHE

1146
00:36:13,920 --> 00:36:16,080
HAS PUBLISHED OVER 100 PEER

1147
00:36:16,080 --> 00:36:18,360
REVIEWED ARTICLES AND TRAINED

1148
00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:18,840
CLINICIANS NATIONWIDE.

1149
00:36:18,840 --> 00:36:20,920
SHE EARNED HER B.A. IN

1150
00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:22,640
PSYCHOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

1151
00:36:22,640 --> 00:36:24,320
PENNSYLVANIA, AND HER PH.D. IN

1152
00:36:24,320 --> 00:36:25,400
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AT THE

1153
00:36:25,400 --> 00:36:26,800
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA.

1154
00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:30,000
AND COMPLETED HER INTERNSHIP AT

1155
00:36:30,000 --> 00:36:31,240
YALE NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL.

1156
00:36:31,240 --> 00:36:35,640
AFTER SHE JOINED ALBERT EINSTEIN

1157
00:36:35,640 --> 00:36:36,440
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE,

1158
00:36:36,440 --> 00:36:37,640
ESTABLISHING THE ADOLESCENT

1159
00:36:37,640 --> 00:36:40,080
DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE PROGRAM.

1160
00:36:40,080 --> 00:36:43,480
IN 1989, SHE MOVED TO COLUMBIA,

1161
00:36:43,480 --> 00:36:44,800
NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC

1162
00:36:44,800 --> 00:36:46,120
INSTITUTE, WHERE SHE IS THE

1163
00:36:46,120 --> 00:36:47,760
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR IN THE

1164
00:36:47,760 --> 00:36:49,840
DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY.

1165
00:36:49,840 --> 00:36:51,960
SHE JOINED AMERICAN FOUNDATION

1166
00:36:51,960 --> 00:36:55,960
FOR SUICIDE PREVENTION IN 2011,

1167
00:36:55,960 --> 00:36:57,120
AND MAINTAINS A CLINICAL

1168
00:36:57,120 --> 00:37:03,560
PRACTICE IN MANHATTAN.

1169
00:37:03,560 --> 00:37:06,400
SHE WILL BE FOLLOWED BY

1170
00:37:06,400 --> 00:37:07,600
DR. CATHERINE FOX.

1171
00:37:07,600 --> 00:37:09,240
THE PRIMARY GOAL OF DR. FOX'

1172
00:37:09,240 --> 00:37:10,800
RESEARCH IS TO IMPROVE THE

1173
00:37:10,800 --> 00:37:11,960
UNDERSTANDING AND TREATMENT TO

1174
00:37:11,960 --> 00:37:13,320
SELF INJURIOUS THOUGHTS AND

1175
00:37:13,320 --> 00:37:14,920
BEHAVIORS AND TO REDUCE THESE

1176
00:37:14,920 --> 00:37:16,600
BEHAVIORS ON A LARGE SCALE.

1177
00:37:16,600 --> 00:37:19,440
HER RESEARCH TAKES MULTIPLE

1178
00:37:19,440 --> 00:37:21,960
APPROACHES TOWARDS THE SAME,

1179
00:37:21,960 --> 00:37:23,280
INCLUDING SUMMARIZING EXISTING

1180
00:37:23,280 --> 00:37:24,840
RESEARCH ON THIS TOPIC,

1181
00:37:24,840 --> 00:37:26,240
CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTAL AND

1182
00:37:26,240 --> 00:37:27,800
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF RISK AND

1183
00:37:27,800 --> 00:37:29,360
DESIGNING AND TESTING NOVEL AND

1184
00:37:29,360 --> 00:37:30,880
SCALABLE TREATMENTS FOR THESE

1185
00:37:30,880 --> 00:37:31,840
OUTCOMES.

1186
00:37:31,840 --> 00:37:33,800
HER RESEARCH INCREASINGLY SEEKS

1187
00:37:33,800 --> 00:37:35,600
TO UNDERSTAND RISK AMONG

1188
00:37:35,600 --> 00:37:37,440
ADOLESCENTS AND PEOPLE

1189
00:37:37,440 --> 00:37:39,840
IDENTIFYING AS LESBIAN, GAY,

1190
00:37:39,840 --> 00:37:42,480
BISEXUAL, TRANS, QUEER AND

1191
00:37:42,480 --> 00:37:46,240
QUESTIONING, BECAUSE THESE

1192
00:37:46,240 --> 00:37:47,280
SELF-INJURIOUS THOUGHTS AND

1193
00:37:47,280 --> 00:37:48,200
BEHAVIORS TEND TO BE

1194
00:37:48,200 --> 00:37:49,640
PARTICULARLY PREVALENT AM THESE

1195
00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:54,120
POPULATIONS.

1196
00:37:54,120 --> 00:37:56,280
AND DR. JACK TURBIN IS DIRECTOR

1197
00:37:56,280 --> 00:37:59,560
OF THE GENDER PSYCHIATRY PROGRAM

1198
00:37:59,560 --> 00:38:02,160
AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT THE

1199
00:38:02,160 --> 00:38:05,080
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IN

1200
00:38:05,080 --> 00:38:06,040
SAN FRANCISCO, AND AFFILIATE

1201
00:38:06,040 --> 00:38:08,200
FACULTY AT THE PHILIP R. LEE

1202
00:38:08,200 --> 00:38:09,440
INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH POLICY

1203
00:38:09,440 --> 00:38:12,040
STUDIES, WHERE HE RESEARCHES THE

1204
00:38:12,040 --> 00:38:14,240
MENTAL HEALTH OF TRANSGENDER

1205
00:38:14,240 --> 00:38:15,680
YOUTH WITH A FOCUS ON TOPICS

1206
00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:16,920
RELEVANT TO PUBLIC POLICY.

1207
00:38:16,920 --> 00:38:18,680
HE'S A FREQUENT OP-ED

1208
00:38:18,680 --> 00:38:20,240
CONTRIBUTOR WITH WORK FEATURED

1209
00:38:20,240 --> 00:38:21,200
IN THE "NEW YORK TIMES," "THE

1210
00:38:21,200 --> 00:38:23,880
WASHINGTON POST," CNN, THE

1211
00:38:23,880 --> 00:38:26,120
"LOS ANGELES TIMES," SCIENTIFIC

1212
00:38:26,120 --> 00:38:27,800
AMERICA AND VOX.

1213
00:38:27,800 --> 00:38:31,080
HE'S ALSO A REGULAR COMMENTATOR

1214
00:38:31,080 --> 00:38:32,040
ON MENTAL HEALTH, PARTICULARLY

1215
00:38:32,040 --> 00:38:37,640
ON ISSUES ROW LATE RELATED TO GD

1216
00:38:37,640 --> 00:38:38,080
SEXUALITY.

1217
00:38:38,080 --> 00:38:39,040
NOW WE'LL BEGIN THE

1218
00:38:39,040 --> 00:38:41,000
PRESENTATIONS BY OUR SPEAKERS.

1219
00:38:41,000 --> 00:38:41,960
>>HAPPY PRIDE.

1220
00:38:41,960 --> 00:38:44,600
I'M REALLY THRILLED TO GET TO

1221
00:38:44,600 --> 00:38:46,560
SPEND SOME TIME WITH YOU TODAY.

1222
00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:49,520
I JUST WANT TO THANK THE KEYNOTE

1223
00:38:49,520 --> 00:38:51,720
SPEAKER FOR SUCH AN AMAZING

1224
00:38:51,720 --> 00:38:55,120
KEYNOTE TALK, AND HIGHLIGHTING

1225
00:38:55,120 --> 00:38:57,080
THAT IMPORTANT QUESTION, RIGHT,

1226
00:38:57,080 --> 00:39:00,080
OF WHY SHOULD WE BE THINKING

1227
00:39:00,080 --> 00:39:02,560
ABOUT WOUNDED WARRIORS?

1228
00:39:02,560 --> 00:39:03,560
I'LL TELL YOU A LOT OF THE WORK

1229
00:39:03,560 --> 00:39:04,880
THAT I DO AND I'M HOPING TO

1230
00:39:04,880 --> 00:39:08,240
SHARE WITH YOU VERY BRIEFLY

1231
00:39:08,240 --> 00:39:09,800
TODAY REALLY THINKS ABOUT NOT

1232
00:39:09,800 --> 00:39:11,760
JUST THE WAY BY WHICH WE GET

1233
00:39:11,760 --> 00:39:14,240
WOUNDED AS AN LGBTQ+ COMMUNITY

1234
00:39:14,240 --> 00:39:15,720
AND HOW IT AFFECTS OUR HEALTH,

1235
00:39:15,720 --> 00:39:17,600
BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, HOW WE CAN

1236
00:39:17,600 --> 00:39:23,200
INNOVATE AND HELP FROM THOATIONE

1237
00:39:23,200 --> 00:39:24,480
LESSONS OTHER SECTORS OF OUR

1238
00:39:24,480 --> 00:39:24,840
SOCIETY.

1239
00:39:24,840 --> 00:39:27,080
SO I'M GOING TO BE TALKING ABOUT

1240
00:39:27,080 --> 00:39:28,240
ONE PROGRAM OF RESEARCH THAT'S

1241
00:39:28,240 --> 00:39:30,200
FUNDED BY IMPLEMENTATION

1242
00:39:30,200 --> 00:39:32,040
SCIENCE, SUICIDE PREVENTION

1243
00:39:32,040 --> 00:39:36,320
CENTER HERE AT PENN FUNDED BY

1244
00:39:36,320 --> 00:39:37,520
NIMH, TO REALLY THINK ABOUT HOW

1245
00:39:37,520 --> 00:39:38,640
TECHNOLOGY CAN HELP US IMPROVE

1246
00:39:38,640 --> 00:39:42,160
THE WELL-BEING OF LGBTQ+ YOUTH,

1247
00:39:42,160 --> 00:39:50,680
AND REDUCE SUICIDE ATTEMPTS.

1248
00:39:50,680 --> 00:39:54,440
SO AS HAS BEEN ALLUDED, LGBTQ+

1249
00:39:54,440 --> 00:39:56,560
YOUTH HAVE A HIGHER SUICIDE RISK

1250
00:39:56,560 --> 00:39:58,640
AND YET THERE ARE FEW TREATMENTS

1251
00:39:58,640 --> 00:39:59,840
TAILORED TO THEIR UNIQUE NEEDS.

1252
00:39:59,840 --> 00:40:01,480
SOME OF THE PLACES WHERE WE HAVE

1253
00:40:01,480 --> 00:40:04,080
HAD A CALL TO ACTION TO ADDRESS

1254
00:40:04,080 --> 00:40:06,480
INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS SUICIDE

1255
00:40:06,480 --> 00:40:07,920
PREVENTION INCLUDE ATTENTION TO

1256
00:40:07,920 --> 00:40:10,920
REPEATED MICRO AGGRESSIONS,

1257
00:40:10,920 --> 00:40:12,200
DISCRIMINATION EVENTS AND LIFE

1258
00:40:12,200 --> 00:40:13,640
STRESSORS, A GREATER

1259
00:40:13,640 --> 00:40:16,280
UNDERSTANDING OF THE ADOLESCENT

1260
00:40:16,280 --> 00:40:18,480
DEVELOPMENT OF LGBTQ+ YOUTH, AND

1261
00:40:18,480 --> 00:40:20,480
EVERYTHING THAT IS HAPPENING IN

1262
00:40:20,480 --> 00:40:21,200
THEIR ECOSYSTEM.

1263
00:40:21,200 --> 00:40:24,000
THE WAY BY WHICH POLICIES AND

1264
00:40:24,000 --> 00:40:25,560
ABSENCE OF SUPPORTIVE

1265
00:40:25,560 --> 00:40:28,200
ENVIRONMENTS MAY REQUIRE ONLINE

1266
00:40:28,200 --> 00:40:29,640
APPROACHES TO DELIVER CARE,

1267
00:40:29,640 --> 00:40:31,240
PARTICULARLY WHEN COMING OUT MAY

1268
00:40:31,240 --> 00:40:33,440
INCREASE THE RISK OF SUICIDE AND

1269
00:40:33,440 --> 00:40:35,720
OTHER FORMS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST

1270
00:40:35,720 --> 00:40:37,280
OUR YOUTH, AND IMPORTANTLY, THE

1271
00:40:37,280 --> 00:40:38,840
INCLUSION OF A HEALTH EQUITY

1272
00:40:38,840 --> 00:40:43,120
FRAMEWORK IN EVERYTHING WE DO.

1273
00:40:43,120 --> 00:40:45,240
I THINK IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO

1274
00:40:45,240 --> 00:40:46,960
JUST SET THE STAGE BY

1275
00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:49,040
RECOGNIZING THAT POLICY AND

1276
00:40:49,040 --> 00:40:50,720
HEALTH EQUITY GO HAND IN HAND,

1277
00:40:50,720 --> 00:41:00,280
AND THIS IS A CURRENT TA  TALLY

1278
00:41:00,280 --> 00:41:01,040
ACROSS THE DIFFERENT STATES IN

1279
00:41:01,040 --> 00:41:02,040
OUR COUNTRY AND U.S.

1280
00:41:02,040 --> 00:41:02,920
TERRITORIES, AND YOU CAN SEE

1281
00:41:02,920 --> 00:41:04,120
THAT DEPENDING ON WHERE YOU

1282
00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:06,960
LIVE, THE OVERALL SUPPORT

1283
00:41:06,960 --> 00:41:07,960
TOWARDS LGBTQ+ PEOPLE CAN BE

1284
00:41:07,960 --> 00:41:08,600
QUITE DIFFERENT.

1285
00:41:08,600 --> 00:41:11,440
SO AS WE THINK ABOUT DELIVERING

1286
00:41:11,440 --> 00:41:12,680
CARE, WE REALLY HAVE TO TAKE

1287
00:41:12,680 --> 00:41:14,520
INTO ACCOUNT HOW POLICIES, LAWS

1288
00:41:14,520 --> 00:41:15,640
AND REGULATIONS MAY BE AFFECTING

1289
00:41:15,640 --> 00:41:17,880
THE DELIVERY OF SAID CARE,

1290
00:41:17,880 --> 00:41:19,520
INCLUDING GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE

1291
00:41:19,520 --> 00:41:21,280
AS HAS BEEN ALLUDED TO, BUT ALSO

1292
00:41:21,280 --> 00:41:25,760
HOW WE ARE GOING TO BE ABLE TO

1293
00:41:25,760 --> 00:41:27,320
PUSH SOLUTIONS THAT ARE

1294
00:41:27,320 --> 00:41:30,280
EVIDENCE-BASED THROUGH RESEARCH.

1295
00:41:30,280 --> 00:41:31,600
SO TECHNOLOGY IS ONE OF THE WAYS

1296
00:41:31,600 --> 00:41:33,200
BY WHICH WE CAN DO THIS.

1297
00:41:33,200 --> 00:41:35,240
WE OFTEN TALK ABOUT THE FIVE

1298
00:41:35,240 --> 00:41:36,800
As.

1299
00:41:36,800 --> 00:41:41,360
IN DEVELOPING THE INTERVENTIONS.

1300
00:41:41,360 --> 00:41:42,920
TECHNOLOGIES ALLOWS US

1301
00:41:42,920 --> 00:41:44,640
PARTICULARLY FOR YOUTH TO BE

1302
00:41:44,640 --> 00:41:46,520
MORE ACCESSIBLE TO CARE, FOR

1303
00:41:46,520 --> 00:41:48,280
AVAILABILITY OF SERVICES AT

1304
00:41:48,280 --> 00:41:50,120
TIMES THAT ARE CONVENIENT FOR

1305
00:41:50,120 --> 00:41:50,720
YOUNG PEOPLE.

1306
00:41:50,720 --> 00:41:52,800
THEY TEND TO BE MORE AFFORDABLE

1307
00:41:52,800 --> 00:41:54,240
THAT IN-PERSON SETTINGS.

1308
00:41:54,240 --> 00:41:57,120
IT ALLOWS US TO USE DIFFERENT

1309
00:41:57,120 --> 00:42:00,200
MODALITIES TO ADDRESS DIFFERENT

1310
00:42:00,200 --> 00:42:02,960
ABILITY STATUSES AND MORE AGENCY

1311
00:42:02,960 --> 00:42:06,240
TO NAVIGATE HOW AND WHEN TO USE

1312
00:42:06,240 --> 00:42:06,800
SERVICES.

1313
00:42:06,800 --> 00:42:08,920
I WANT TO TALK STARS REALLY

1314
00:42:08,920 --> 00:42:10,680
QUICKLY IN THE TIME I HAVE LEFT.

1315
00:42:10,680 --> 00:42:12,240
STARS IS A SUPPORTING TRANSITION

1316
00:42:12,240 --> 00:42:14,040
NOOSE ADULTHOOD AND REDUCING

1317
00:42:14,040 --> 00:42:14,280
SUICIDE.

1318
00:42:14,280 --> 00:42:15,880
THIS IS THE P50 PROJECT THAT I

1319
00:42:15,880 --> 00:42:18,080
WAS TELLING YOU ABOUT.

1320
00:42:18,080 --> 00:42:19,920
AND ATITY CORE, WE KNOW THAT

1321
00:42:19,920 --> 00:42:21,040
EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS

1322
00:42:21,040 --> 00:42:23,440
LIKE THE DEVELOPMENT AND

1323
00:42:23,440 --> 00:42:25,240
IMPLEMENTATION OF A SAFETY PLAN

1324
00:42:25,240 --> 00:42:27,840
PROGRAM WITH A CLINICIAN IS VERY

1325
00:42:27,840 --> 00:42:29,360
IMPORTANT AND ACTUALLY CAN

1326
00:42:29,360 --> 00:42:32,160
REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF

1327
00:42:32,160 --> 00:42:33,480
SUICIDAL IDEATION AND SUICIDE

1328
00:42:33,480 --> 00:42:35,200
BEHAVIOR ATTEMPTS, BUT

1329
00:42:35,200 --> 00:42:36,840
OFTENTIMES, ONCE THAT PLAN IS

1330
00:42:36,840 --> 00:42:40,840
BUILT, IT TAKES A LOT OF YOUNG

1331
00:42:40,840 --> 00:42:47,720
PEOPLE AND OTHERS SUFFERING FROM

1332
00:42:47,720 --> 00:42:50,080
DEPRESSION BE PROBABLY THE NEXT

1333
00:42:50,080 --> 00:42:50,880
CLINICAL VISIT TO SAY WHETHER OR

1334
00:42:50,880 --> 00:42:52,080
NOT THEY USED THE PLAN, WHAT

1335
00:42:52,080 --> 00:42:53,200
CHANGES TO MAKE TO THE PLAN AND

1336
00:42:53,200 --> 00:42:54,840
WE WANTED TO CREATE AN APP THAT

1337
00:42:54,840 --> 00:42:56,520
WOULD GO ALONGSIDE THE SAFETY

1338
00:42:56,520 --> 00:42:57,600
PLAN INTERVENTION SO THAT THERE

1339
00:42:57,600 --> 00:42:59,880
WOULD BE A DAY-TO-DAY CHECK-IN

1340
00:42:59,880 --> 00:43:01,680
AS WELL AS A WEEKLY OPPORTUNITY

1341
00:43:01,680 --> 00:43:03,240
TO ACTUALLY THINK ABOUT THE

1342
00:43:03,240 --> 00:43:04,200
CONTEXT IN WHICH YOUNG PEOPLE

1343
00:43:04,200 --> 00:43:05,640
ARE LIVING.

1344
00:43:05,640 --> 00:43:07,400
SO ARE THERE WAYS WE CAN HELP

1345
00:43:07,400 --> 00:43:09,080
THEM THINK ABOUT LIFE SKILLS

1346
00:43:09,080 --> 00:43:11,720
TRAINING, HELP THEM ELICIT

1347
00:43:11,720 --> 00:43:13,360
SUPPORT IN THEIR COMMUNITIES AND

1348
00:43:13,360 --> 00:43:21,560
ALSO LEARN HOW TO COPE.

1349
00:43:21,560 --> 00:43:26,200
WE HAVE EMBEDDED INTO STARS.

1350
00:43:26,200 --> 00:43:28,080
IN ORDER TO DO THAT, WE ACTUALLY

1351
00:43:28,080 --> 00:43:31,040
HAD AN EXISTING LIFE SKILLS

1352
00:43:31,040 --> 00:43:32,680
INTERVENTION BUILT FOR

1353
00:43:32,680 --> 00:43:34,560
ADOLESCENT LGBTQ+ YOUTH, BUT WE

1354
00:43:34,560 --> 00:43:37,160
BROUGHT TOGETHER BOTH CLINICIANS

1355
00:43:37,160 --> 00:43:38,920
AND YOUNG PEOPLE TO HELP US

1356
00:43:38,920 --> 00:43:40,920
THINK ABOUT HOW TO ADAPT IT IN A

1357
00:43:40,920 --> 00:43:42,600
WAY THAT WAS BOTH RIGOROUS BUT

1358
00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:44,280
ALSO INCLUSIVE OF THE EXPERIENCE

1359
00:43:44,280 --> 00:43:46,280
WITH FOLKS WHO ARE LIVING WITH

1360
00:43:46,280 --> 00:43:48,040
DEPRESSION AND/OR EXPERIENCING

1361
00:43:48,040 --> 00:43:49,600
SUICIDAL IDEATION.

1362
00:43:49,600 --> 00:43:51,360
AND THROUGH THIS 8-MONTH

1363
00:43:51,360 --> 00:43:52,680
PROCESS, WE WERE ABLE TO CREATE

1364
00:43:52,680 --> 00:43:58,600
THE NEW APP.

1365
00:43:58,600 --> 00:44:00,400
SO WE'RE DOING AN IMPLEMENTATION

1366
00:44:00,400 --> 00:44:01,880
SCIENCE PROJECT AND THAT IS BOTH

1367
00:44:01,880 --> 00:44:03,320
TO BE ABLE TO THEN FIGURE OUT

1368
00:44:03,320 --> 00:44:04,680
WHETHER OR NOT WE HAVE

1369
00:44:04,680 --> 00:44:05,400
SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE OF

1370
00:44:05,400 --> 00:44:08,160
PRELIMINARY EFFECTIVENESS OF THE

1371
00:44:08,160 --> 00:44:08,840
INTERVENTION AS WELL AS STARTING

1372
00:44:08,840 --> 00:44:09,880
TO THINK ABOUT WHAT ARE SOME OF

1373
00:44:09,880 --> 00:44:12,000
THE BARRIERS OR FACILITATORS WE

1374
00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:14,240
WANTED TO SCALE THIS AS QUICKLY

1375
00:44:14,240 --> 00:44:17,400
AS POSSIBLE, WE'RE DOING THAT BY

1376
00:44:17,400 --> 00:44:23,760
RECRUITING 60 -- OR THE SAFETY

1377
00:44:23,760 --> 00:44:24,560
PLANNING INTERVENTION WITH THE

1378
00:44:24,560 --> 00:44:27,280
APP.

1379
00:44:27,280 --> 00:44:28,680
AND WE FOLLOW PARTICIPANTS OVER

1380
00:44:28,680 --> 00:44:30,120
SIX MONTHS.

1381
00:44:30,120 --> 00:44:33,520
WE ARE ALMOST DONE WITH

1382
00:44:33,520 --> 00:44:34,440
RECRUITMENT.

1383
00:44:34,440 --> 00:44:35,960
ASK ME IN TWO MONTHS WHAT WE'VE

1384
00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:38,280
FOUND BUT SO FAR WE'VE ACTUALLY

1385
00:44:38,280 --> 00:44:41,440
NOT HAD A SINGLE MISSED WEEKLY

1386
00:44:41,440 --> 00:44:44,080
CHECK-IN WITH A PEER MENTOR TO

1387
00:44:44,080 --> 00:44:45,520
TALK ABOUT HOW THE SAFETY PLAN

1388
00:44:45,520 --> 00:44:48,160
INTERVENTION IS BEING USED AMONG

1389
00:44:48,160 --> 00:44:51,120
THOSE RANDOMIZED WITH THE STARS

1390
00:44:51,120 --> 00:44:52,200
GROUP, BUT THERE'S SOME OTHER

1391
00:44:52,200 --> 00:44:53,320
THINGS WE'RE LEARNING ALONG THE

1392
00:44:53,320 --> 00:44:54,840
WAY, AND JUST VERY QUICKLY, I'LL

1393
00:44:54,840 --> 00:44:58,240
SAY THAT YOU'LL SEE IN THE

1394
00:44:58,240 --> 00:44:59,360
ELIGIBLE SLIDE, THE MAJORITY OF

1395
00:44:59,360 --> 00:45:02,080
FOLKS WE ARE LOSING ARE IN THE

1396
00:45:02,080 --> 00:45:04,920
PSYCHOSIS SCREENER, SO 96 FOLKS

1397
00:45:04,920 --> 00:45:07,400
HAD TO BE EXCLUDED DUE TO

1398
00:45:07,400 --> 00:45:08,400
PSYCHOSIS, AND I THINK THERE'S

1399
00:45:08,400 --> 00:45:09,640
SOME MEASUREMENT ISSUE HERE THAT

1400
00:45:09,640 --> 00:45:11,240
FROM A HEALTH EQUITY STANDPOINT

1401
00:45:11,240 --> 00:45:12,720
WE HAVE TO WRESTLE WITH AS

1402
00:45:12,720 --> 00:45:15,800
CLINICIANS AND RESEARCHSEARCHER.

1403
00:45:15,800 --> 00:45:17,360
ONE OF THE QUESTIONS ASKED FOR

1404
00:45:17,360 --> 00:45:18,200
PSYCHOSIS IS WHETHER OR NOT YOU

1405
00:45:18,200 --> 00:45:19,640
BELIEVE SOMEONE IS TALKING ABOUT

1406
00:45:19,640 --> 00:45:20,120
YOU.

1407
00:45:20,120 --> 00:45:24,920
AND IF YOU ARE A RACIAL GENDER

1408
00:45:24,920 --> 00:45:26,000
MINORITY -- CHANCES ARE THAT'S

1409
00:45:26,000 --> 00:45:28,520
IS NOT AN INDICATOR OF PSYCHOSUS

1410
00:45:28,520 --> 00:45:31,640
BUT RATHER THE STRESS AND

1411
00:45:31,640 --> 00:45:32,920
DEPRESSION YOU FACE DAY TO DAY.

1412
00:45:32,920 --> 00:45:36,560
SO WE'RE WORKING TO BE ABLE TO

1413
00:45:36,560 --> 00:45:37,760
ROLL OUT THIS INTERVENTION AS

1414
00:45:37,760 --> 00:45:41,720
QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.

1415
00:45:41,720 --> 00:45:44,120
AND AGAIN AS I MENTIONED FROM AN

1416
00:45:44,120 --> 00:45:45,120
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE

1417
00:45:45,120 --> 00:45:46,320
FRAMEWORK, OUR HOPE IS TO BE

1418
00:45:46,320 --> 00:45:48,960
ABLE TO BE LOOKING BOTH AT --

1419
00:45:48,960 --> 00:45:53,360
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

1420
00:45:53,360 --> 00:45:54,440
AGAIN.

1421
00:45:54,440 --> 00:45:56,080
THANK YOU.

1422
00:45:56,080 --> 00:45:59,160
IS TO BE LOOKING BOTH AT REGION

1423
00:45:59,160 --> 00:46:00,440
EFFICACY BUT ALSO WHAT ARE THE

1424
00:46:00,440 --> 00:46:01,240
IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS

1425
00:46:01,240 --> 00:46:03,240
FOR ITS ADOPTION, ITS

1426
00:46:03,240 --> 00:46:04,440
MAINTENANCE, AND SO REALLY

1427
00:46:04,440 --> 00:46:06,520
LOOKING FORWARD TO BEING ABLE TO

1428
00:46:06,520 --> 00:46:08,320
SHARE MORE AS THE DATA BECOMES

1429
00:46:08,320 --> 00:46:12,640
AVAILABLE.

1430
00:46:12,640 --> 00:46:14,600
BUT I HOPE THIS IS BUT A FIRST

1431
00:46:14,600 --> 00:46:15,200
PART OF THE CONVERSATION AND

1432
00:46:15,200 --> 00:46:16,560
KIND OF A CALL TO ACTION FOR ALL

1433
00:46:16,560 --> 00:46:18,120
OF US TO BE THINKING ABOUT

1434
00:46:18,120 --> 00:46:19,760
EFFECTIVE AND CULTURALLY

1435
00:46:19,760 --> 00:46:21,760
RESPONSIVE INTERVENTIONS FOR OUR

1436
00:46:21,760 --> 00:46:23,560
POPULATION, AND RECOGNIZING THAT

1437
00:46:23,560 --> 00:46:25,080
IT WILL HAVE TO -- TECHNOLOGY

1438
00:46:25,080 --> 00:46:27,400
CAN REALLY HELP US OVERCOME SOME

1439
00:46:27,400 --> 00:46:29,200
OF THE GEOSPATIAL VARIATION

1440
00:46:29,200 --> 00:46:30,400
WHERE OUR YOUNG PEOPLE LIVE.

1441
00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:33,120
I THINK THAT'S MY LAST SLIDE.

1442
00:46:33,120 --> 00:46:36,880
THANK YOU SO MUCH.

1443
00:46:36,880 --> 00:46:38,160
>>HELLO, EVERYONE.

1444
00:46:38,160 --> 00:46:39,960
I'M HAPPY TO BE HERE WITH YOU

1445
00:46:39,960 --> 00:46:40,200
TODAY.

1446
00:46:40,200 --> 00:46:42,240
I WANT TO THANK DR. VEAL FOR

1447
00:46:42,240 --> 00:46:45,120
SHARING YOUR LIFE EXPERIENCE TO

1448
00:46:45,120 --> 00:46:46,440
MAKE OTHER PEOPLE'S LIVES

1449
00:46:46,440 --> 00:46:48,400
BETTER.

1450
00:46:48,400 --> 00:46:52,000
I ALSO WANT TO THANK DR. MATT

1451
00:46:52,000 --> 00:46:52,880
FOR HIS RESEARCH.

1452
00:46:52,880 --> 00:46:55,520
I AM THE SVP OF RESEARCH AT THE

1453
00:46:55,520 --> 00:46:57,520
AMERICAN FOUNDATION FOR SUICIDE

1454
00:46:57,520 --> 00:46:58,840
PREVENTION, AND I THOUGHT WHAT

1455
00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:00,040
I'D DO TODAY IS SHARE SOME OF

1456
00:47:00,040 --> 00:47:02,440
THE THINGS THAT WE DO AT THE

1457
00:47:02,440 --> 00:47:04,440
AMERICAN FOUNDATION FOR SUICIDE

1458
00:47:04,440 --> 00:47:07,080
PREVENTION, ALSO KNOWN AS AFSP,

1459
00:47:07,080 --> 00:47:10,480
IN RELATION TO THE LGBTQIA

1460
00:47:10,480 --> 00:47:11,520
COMMUNITY.

1461
00:47:11,520 --> 00:47:13,360
 I WANT TO START OFF WITH OUR

1462
00:47:13,360 --> 00:47:14,280
MISSION, BECAUSE OUR MISSION IS

1463
00:47:14,280 --> 00:47:15,840
TO SAVE LIVES AND BRING HOPE TO

1464
00:47:15,840 --> 00:47:19,160
THOSE AFFECTED BY SUICIDE.

1465
00:47:19,160 --> 00:47:22,520
AND WE KNOW THAT THIS IS A

1466
00:47:22,520 --> 00:47:24,400
PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT MISSION

1467
00:47:24,400 --> 00:47:26,600
FOR THE LGBTQIA COMMUNITY.

1468
00:47:26,600 --> 00:47:29,320
THE WAY WE WORK IS THAT WE ARE

1469
00:47:29,320 --> 00:47:31,840
IN ESSENCE A GRASSROOTS

1470
00:47:31,840 --> 00:47:32,480
ORGANIZATION.

1471
00:47:32,480 --> 00:47:33,880
WE HAVE CHAPTERS IN ALL 50

1472
00:47:33,880 --> 00:47:34,520
STATES.

1473
00:47:34,520 --> 00:47:37,480
WE HAVE 74 CHAPTERS.

1474
00:47:37,480 --> 00:47:40,920
AND WE ARE DEVOTED TO RESEARCH,

1475
00:47:40,920 --> 00:47:42,080
EDUCATION, ADVOCACY AND SUPPORT

1476
00:47:42,080 --> 00:47:43,920
FOR THOSE WHO ARE AFFECTED BY

1477
00:47:43,920 --> 00:47:44,280
SUICIDE.

1478
00:47:44,280 --> 00:47:48,360
WHEN IT COMES TO THE LGBTQIA

1479
00:47:48,360 --> 00:47:49,880
COMMUNITY, ALL THESE PARTS OF

1480
00:47:49,880 --> 00:47:51,840
THE PROCESS ARE IMPORTANT, AND

1481
00:47:51,840 --> 00:47:53,840
AS WE SEE IT, RESEARCH INFORMS

1482
00:47:53,840 --> 00:47:55,440
EDUCATION AND ADVOCACY AS WELL

1483
00:47:55,440 --> 00:48:00,000
AS SUPPORT FOR THOSE AFFECTED BY

1484
00:48:00,000 --> 00:48:03,200
SUICIDE, AT EACH STEP ALONG THAT

1485
00:48:03,200 --> 00:48:04,040
WAY INFORMS RESEARCH.

1486
00:48:04,040 --> 00:48:06,120
SO IT'S KIND OF LIKE A CIRCLE.

1487
00:48:06,120 --> 00:48:07,240
SO WHAT I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT

1488
00:48:07,240 --> 00:48:09,440
TODAY ARE THE PREVENTION EFFORTS

1489
00:48:09,440 --> 00:48:12,160
FOR LGBTQIA YOUTH, AND I'M GOING

1490
00:48:12,160 --> 00:48:13,480
TO REVIEW OUR RESEARCH

1491
00:48:13,480 --> 00:48:15,520
PRIORITIES, WHICH HIGHLIGHT THIS

1492
00:48:15,520 --> 00:48:16,920
POPULATION AND OTHER

1493
00:48:16,920 --> 00:48:18,680
UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS,

1494
00:48:18,680 --> 00:48:19,840
INFORMATION THAT CAN BE FOUND ON

1495
00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:22,320
OUR WEBSITE, THE PROGRAMS THAT

1496
00:48:22,320 --> 00:48:25,040
ARE SPECIFICALLY GEARED TOWARDS

1497
00:48:25,040 --> 00:48:27,680
LGBTQIA YOUTH, AND ALSO OUR

1498
00:48:27,680 --> 00:48:29,880
STANCE ON ADVOCACY AND SUPPORT

1499
00:48:29,880 --> 00:48:33,280
FOR THOSE AFFECTED BY SUICIDE.

1500
00:48:33,280 --> 00:48:34,480
AND PART OF THE REASON I'M DOING

1501
00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:36,840
THIS IS TO SHOW YOU THAT THERE

1502
00:48:36,840 --> 00:48:40,360
ARE MANY WAYS IN WHICH WE CAN

1503
00:48:40,360 --> 00:48:43,000
SUPPORT PEOPLE IN THE LGBTQIA

1504
00:48:43,000 --> 00:48:44,720
COMMUNITY AND BY BUILDING A

1505
00:48:44,720 --> 00:48:46,880
COMMUNITY FOCUSED ON SUICIDE

1506
00:48:46,880 --> 00:48:48,920
PREVENTION, WE CAN MAKE A HUGE

1507
00:48:48,920 --> 00:48:50,920
DIFFERENCE AND WE ALREADY HAVE

1508
00:48:50,920 --> 00:48:52,440
THROUGH THE YEARS.

1509
00:48:52,440 --> 00:48:54,400
SO LET'S TALK ABOUT RESEARCH

1510
00:48:54,400 --> 00:48:54,760
FIRST.

1511
00:48:54,760 --> 00:48:58,360
SO WHEN I FIRST CAME TO AFSP,

1512
00:48:58,360 --> 00:48:59,840
ONE OF THE FIRST THINGS WE DID

1513
00:48:59,840 --> 00:49:02,520
IS RECOMMEND TO PEOPLE WHO ARE

1514
00:49:02,520 --> 00:49:05,360
DOING RESEARCH THAT IT'S NO

1515
00:49:05,360 --> 00:49:10,720
LONGER -- TO GO BEYOND BINARY

1516
00:49:10,720 --> 00:49:14,680
MALE HR/FEMALE SEX, AND TO THINK

1517
00:49:14,680 --> 00:49:16,000
ABOUT ADDING A MORE

1518
00:49:16,000 --> 00:49:18,800
REPRESENTATIVE MEASURE OF SEXUAL

1519
00:49:18,800 --> 00:49:20,280
ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY.

1520
00:49:20,280 --> 00:49:21,640
AND THEN THE NEXT YEAR, WE

1521
00:49:21,640 --> 00:49:22,520
REQUIRED IT.

1522
00:49:22,520 --> 00:49:24,920
SO ALL APPLICANTS ARE ASKED TO

1523
00:49:24,920 --> 00:49:27,040
HAVE A MEASURE IN THEIR STUDY

1524
00:49:27,040 --> 00:49:29,680
WHEN THEY'RE MEASURING

1525
00:49:29,680 --> 00:49:31,320
DEMOGRAPHICS OF GENDER IDENTITY

1526
00:49:31,320 --> 00:49:32,760
AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION THAT IS

1527
00:49:32,760 --> 00:49:34,960
MORE FITTING TO THE FULL

1528
00:49:34,960 --> 00:49:37,400
SPECTRUM OF THE NORMAL

1529
00:49:37,400 --> 00:49:38,800
VARIATIONS OF IDENTITY.

1530
00:49:38,800 --> 00:49:40,600
AND ALSO, IF THEY CAN'T DO IT,

1531
00:49:40,600 --> 00:49:41,800
THEN THEY NEED TO TELL US THE

1532
00:49:41,800 --> 00:49:42,440
REASON THEY CAN'T.

1533
00:49:42,440 --> 00:49:43,560
AND SOMETIMES THAT HAPPENS

1534
00:49:43,560 --> 00:49:45,640
BECAUSE THEY HAVE -- THEY'RE

1535
00:49:45,640 --> 00:49:46,960
WORKING ON OLD DATASETS THAT

1536
00:49:46,960 --> 00:49:47,960
DON'T HAVE THAT INFORMATION FOR

1537
00:49:47,960 --> 00:49:50,800
THEM.

1538
00:49:50,800 --> 00:49:52,160
WE ALSO HAVE ESTABLISHED

1539
00:49:52,160 --> 00:49:53,280
RESEARCH PRIORITIES, AND THE

1540
00:49:53,280 --> 00:49:56,960
GOAL OF RESEARCH PRIORITIES

1541
00:49:56,960 --> 00:49:58,280
ISN'T THAT THIS IS WHAT WE WANT

1542
00:49:58,280 --> 00:49:58,840
TO FUND.

1543
00:49:58,840 --> 00:50:00,960
THE GOAL IS TO TAKE UNDERSTUDIED

1544
00:50:00,960 --> 00:50:02,360
AREAS AND BRING THEM TO THE

1545
00:50:02,360 --> 00:50:04,960
FOREFRONT SO THAT WE CAN BUILD

1546
00:50:04,960 --> 00:50:07,760
BOTH A DATA UNDERSTANDING AND A

1547
00:50:07,760 --> 00:50:08,960
RESEARCHER COMMUNITY TO ADDRESS

1548
00:50:08,960 --> 00:50:13,600
THAT AREA, AND SO ONE OF OUR

1549
00:50:13,600 --> 00:50:16,000
PRIORITIES IS SUICIDE PREVENTION

1550
00:50:16,000 --> 00:50:17,560
RESEARCH RELATED TO

1551
00:50:17,560 --> 00:50:20,040
UNDERREPRESENTED COMMUNITIES, OR

1552
00:50:20,040 --> 00:50:22,040
BY PEOPLE FROM UNDERREPRESENTED

1553
00:50:22,040 --> 00:50:23,280
COMMUNITIES.

1554
00:50:23,280 --> 00:50:26,000
AND WE KEEP TRACK OF THIS, AND

1555
00:50:26,000 --> 00:50:28,200
WE START TODAY ASK PEOPLE THEIR

1556
00:50:28,200 --> 00:50:29,560
OWN DEMOGRAPHICS SO WE COULD SEE

1557
00:50:29,560 --> 00:50:31,720
IF WE'RE MEETING THAT CHALLENGE.

1558
00:50:31,720 --> 00:50:35,240
AND MOST PEOPLE, ABOUT 70%

1559
00:50:35,240 --> 00:50:36,920
ACTUALLY PROVIDE THEIR OWN

1560
00:50:36,920 --> 00:50:39,120
PERSONAL DEMOGRAPHICS.

1561
00:50:39,120 --> 00:50:42,320
SO IN THIS PAST YEAR, WE ARE NOW

1562
00:50:42,320 --> 00:50:45,680
FUNDING -- WE HAVE 27 NEW GRANTS

1563
00:50:45,680 --> 00:50:48,480
THAT ARE COMING IN, FROM 156

1564
00:50:48,480 --> 00:50:49,040
APPLICATIONS.

1565
00:50:49,040 --> 00:50:54,320
WITH RESPECT TO SOGI, WE GOT 29

1566
00:50:54,320 --> 00:50:54,960
APPLICATIONS.

1567
00:50:54,960 --> 00:50:56,360
THEY WERE ALMOST 20% OF THE

1568
00:50:56,360 --> 00:50:57,280
APPLICATIONS WE RECEIVED IN

1569
00:50:57,280 --> 00:50:58,360
TERMS OF INVESTIGATORS.

1570
00:50:58,360 --> 00:51:01,120
AND WE DID RECOMMEND SIX FOR

1571
00:51:01,120 --> 00:51:01,520
FUNDING.

1572
00:51:01,520 --> 00:51:03,920
KEEP IN MIND, THIS IS ONE YEAR.

1573
00:51:03,920 --> 00:51:07,000
WE HAD BEEN GROWING RESEARCH IN

1574
00:51:07,000 --> 00:51:10,680
THIS AREA OVER YEARS, SO WE HAVE

1575
00:51:10,680 --> 00:51:11,880
MANY OTHER APPLICATIONS AND

1576
00:51:11,880 --> 00:51:12,840
STUDIES IN THIS AREA.

1577
00:51:12,840 --> 00:51:17,320
IN TERMS OF APPLICATIONS, WE HAD

1578
00:51:17,320 --> 00:51:18,800
SIX APPLICATIONS ON THE TOPIC,

1579
00:51:18,800 --> 00:51:19,800
AND THIS YEAR ONE WAS

1580
00:51:19,800 --> 00:51:21,040
RECOMMENDED FOR FUNDING.

1581
00:51:21,040 --> 00:51:22,520
LAST YEAR FIVE WERE RECOMMENDED

1582
00:51:22,520 --> 00:51:23,560
FOR FUNDING.

1583
00:51:23,560 --> 00:51:25,760
AND VERY MUCH IN OUR PROGRAM, WE

1584
00:51:25,760 --> 00:51:29,200
ARE LOOKING FOR INNOVATION,

1585
00:51:29,200 --> 00:51:30,840
POTENTIAL IMPACT, AND VERY TIGHT

1586
00:51:30,840 --> 00:51:31,280
METHODOLOGY.

1587
00:51:31,280 --> 00:51:34,000
WE DO OFFER APPLICANTS THE

1588
00:51:34,000 --> 00:51:35,640
OPPORTUNITY TO RESUBMIT, WE GIVE

1589
00:51:35,640 --> 00:51:37,440
EVERY APPLICANT DETAILED

1590
00:51:37,440 --> 00:51:39,080
FEEDBACK ABOUT THEIR GRANTS, AND

1591
00:51:39,080 --> 00:51:41,160
WE ALLOW FOR UP TO TWO

1592
00:51:41,160 --> 00:51:41,840
RESUBMISSIONS.

1593
00:51:41,840 --> 00:51:48,000
BUT WHAT WE FOUND IS THAT THE

1594
00:51:48,000 --> 00:51:49,760
LGBTQIA COMMUNITY IS WELL

1595
00:51:49,760 --> 00:51:51,600
REPRESENTED IN OUR RESEARCH

1596
00:51:51,600 --> 00:51:53,280
GRANTS WITH 26% OF NEW GRANTS,

1597
00:51:53,280 --> 00:51:54,960
AND BY THE WAY, WE ONLY FUNDED

1598
00:51:54,960 --> 00:51:59,200
17% OF OUR APPLICATIONS.

1599
00:51:59,200 --> 00:52:00,560
THE PROBLEM IS, WE NEED MORE

1600
00:52:00,560 --> 00:52:01,800
RESEARCH STUDYING THE COMMUNITY

1601
00:52:01,800 --> 00:52:02,680
AND THE POPULATION.

1602
00:52:02,680 --> 00:52:04,640
SO WE'RE GOING TO KEEP PUSHING

1603
00:52:04,640 --> 00:52:05,200
ON FOR THAT.

1604
00:52:05,200 --> 00:52:09,360
WE ALSO HAVE A FULL AREA OF OUR

1605
00:52:09,360 --> 00:52:12,200
WEBSITE DEVOTED TO THE LGBTQIA

1606
00:52:12,200 --> 00:52:12,760
COMMUNITY.

1607
00:52:12,760 --> 00:52:14,760
WHETHER YOU'RE A PERSON WHO IS

1608
00:52:14,760 --> 00:52:16,320
INTERESTED IN PREVENTING

1609
00:52:16,320 --> 00:52:18,760
SUICIDE, IF YOU'VE EXPERIENCED

1610
00:52:18,760 --> 00:52:21,880
YOUR OWN SO YOU SIGH DAL

1611
00:52:21,880 --> 00:52:23,040
IDEATION AND BEHAVIOR, OR IF

1612
00:52:23,040 --> 00:52:24,120
YOU'RE INTERESTED IN RESEARCH,

1613
00:52:24,120 --> 00:52:25,640
YOU CAN COME TO THIS SECTION OF

1614
00:52:25,640 --> 00:52:28,600
THE WEBSITE AND TAKE A DEEPER

1615
00:52:28,600 --> 00:52:30,320
DIVE AND YOU WILL SEE IN TERMS

1616
00:52:30,320 --> 00:52:32,720
OF RESEARCH, YOU'LL SEE ALL THE

1617
00:52:32,720 --> 00:52:34,720
RESEARCH THAT WE'VE FUNDED, THE

1618
00:52:34,720 --> 00:52:35,640
PUBLICATIONS FROM THE RESEARCH

1619
00:52:35,640 --> 00:52:37,880
THAT WE'VE FUNDED, AND SOME OF

1620
00:52:37,880 --> 00:52:38,880
THE RECENT FINDINGS.

1621
00:52:38,880 --> 00:52:41,520
I WILL SAY THAT WE NEED SO MUCH

1622
00:52:41,520 --> 00:52:45,520
MORE RESEARCH IN THIS AREA TO

1623
00:52:45,520 --> 00:52:51,760
HAVE A --

1624
00:52:51,760 --> 00:53:02,080
[PLEASE STAND BY]

1625
00:53:20,560 --> 00:53:22,360
 -- PEOPLE IN THE LGBTQIA

1626
00:53:22,360 --> 00:53:23,600
COMMUNITY AS WELL AS THE PEOPLE

1627
00:53:23,600 --> 00:53:25,760
WHO CARE FOR THEM AND LOVE THEM,

1628
00:53:25,760 --> 00:53:27,560
AS WELL AS FOR THE GENERAL

1629
00:53:27,560 --> 00:53:27,880
POPULATION.

1630
00:53:27,880 --> 00:53:29,320
YOU KNOW WE DON'T WANT TO JUST

1631
00:53:29,320 --> 00:53:31,400
TALK TO OURSELVES, WE WANT TO

1632
00:53:31,400 --> 00:53:34,400
REACH AS MANY PEOPLE AS WE CAN.

1633
00:53:34,400 --> 00:53:36,040
SO WE HAVE A PROGRAM, IT'S

1634
00:53:36,040 --> 00:53:37,720
CALLED "TALK SAVES LIVES," AND

1635
00:53:37,720 --> 00:53:41,240
WE HAVE AN ADAPTATION THAT

1636
00:53:41,240 --> 00:53:43,400
ENHANCES THE INFORMATION THAT'S

1637
00:53:43,400 --> 00:53:46,960
PRESENTED ABOUT SUICIDE IN THE

1638
00:53:46,960 --> 00:53:47,400
LGBTQ COMMUNITY.

1639
00:53:47,400 --> 00:53:51,000
WE ALSO HAVE A PROGRAM CALLED

1640
00:53:51,000 --> 00:53:52,960
"STRONGER COMMUNITIES:  LGBTQ

1641
00:53:52,960 --> 00:53:54,160
SUICIDE PREVENTION," AND THIS IS

1642
00:53:54,160 --> 00:53:55,880
A PROGRAM WHERE RESEARCHERS AND

1643
00:53:55,880 --> 00:53:57,600
PEOPLE WITH LIVED EXPERIENCE

1644
00:53:57,600 --> 00:53:58,960
COME AND SPEAK WITHIN THE

1645
00:53:58,960 --> 00:54:00,080
COMMUNITY, SHARING THEIR

1646
00:54:00,080 --> 00:54:03,440
RESEARCH FINDINGS, AND NEXT

1647
00:54:03,440 --> 00:54:06,760
STEPS.

1648
00:54:06,760 --> 00:54:08,680
IN TERMS OF PUBLIC POLICY, WE

1649
00:54:08,680 --> 00:54:10,000
HAVE STATED PUBLIC POLICY GOALS,

1650
00:54:10,000 --> 00:54:11,600
WHICH YOU CAN FIND ON OUR

1651
00:54:11,600 --> 00:54:13,760
WEBSITE, IN ALL AREAS.

1652
00:54:13,760 --> 00:54:16,760
THESE ARE GOALS FOR -- WHAT WE

1653
00:54:16,760 --> 00:54:19,400
ALD VO KATE FOR IN THE LGBTQ

1654
00:54:19,400 --> 00:54:20,080
COMMUNITY.

1655
00:54:20,080 --> 00:54:21,120
WE FIRST OF ALL WANT TO

1656
00:54:21,120 --> 00:54:23,240
INTEGRATE LGBTQ POPULATIONS INTO

1657
00:54:23,240 --> 00:54:24,920
EXISTING DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

1658
00:54:24,920 --> 00:54:27,320
ON SUICIDE MORTALITY AND RISK

1659
00:54:27,320 --> 00:54:29,320
BEHAVIOR.

1660
00:54:29,320 --> 00:54:32,280
THAT'S BECAUSE IT IS NOT

1661
00:54:32,280 --> 00:54:33,080
INDICATED ON THE DEATH

1662
00:54:33,080 --> 00:54:34,720
CERTIFICATE, AND THIS IS A

1663
00:54:34,720 --> 00:54:35,480
COMPLICATED PROCESS.

1664
00:54:35,480 --> 00:54:37,000
WE FEEL THAT IF WE COULD GET

1665
00:54:37,000 --> 00:54:39,800
THAT INFORMATION, WE WOULD LEARN

1666
00:54:39,800 --> 00:54:41,560
MORE, BUT WE ALSO REALIZE THERE

1667
00:54:41,560 --> 00:54:43,200
ARE PEOPLE IN THE LGBTQ

1668
00:54:43,200 --> 00:54:45,720
COMMUNITY WHO PREFER NOT TO HAVE

1669
00:54:45,720 --> 00:54:48,360
THAT INFORMATION, AND ALSO

1670
00:54:48,360 --> 00:54:50,640
BECAUSE OF THE OFTEN STIGMA

1671
00:54:50,640 --> 00:54:55,520
AROUND IT, SOME PEOPLE ARE

1672
00:54:55,520 --> 00:54:56,840
HIDING THEIR TRUE IDENTITY, SO

1673
00:54:56,840 --> 00:54:58,640
THE PEOPLE AROUND THEM MAY NOT

1674
00:54:58,640 --> 00:54:59,640
EVEN KNOW.

1675
00:54:59,640 --> 00:55:02,560
WE SUPPORT BANS ON CONVERSION

1676
00:55:02,560 --> 00:55:04,760
THERAPY AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION

1677
00:55:04,760 --> 00:55:05,640
EFFORTS.

1678
00:55:05,640 --> 00:55:07,320
WE BELIEVE THAT THE WHOLE

1679
00:55:07,320 --> 00:55:09,200
SPECTRUM OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION

1680
00:55:09,200 --> 00:55:13,000
AND GENDER IDENTITY ARE NATURAL

1681
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:13,880
VARIANTS, AND WE CAN TALK MORE

1682
00:55:13,880 --> 00:55:14,720
ABOUT THAT.

1683
00:55:14,720 --> 00:55:16,920
WE OPPOSE RESTRICTIONS ON ACCESS

1684
00:55:16,920 --> 00:55:18,560
TO GENDER-AFFIRMING MEDICAL

1685
00:55:18,560 --> 00:55:18,880
CARE.

1686
00:55:18,880 --> 00:55:21,560
AND WE OPPOSE RESTRICTIONS ON

1687
00:55:21,560 --> 00:55:24,080
DISCUSSIONS IN SCHOOLS ON LGBTQ

1688
00:55:24,080 --> 00:55:24,400
ISSUES.

1689
00:55:24,400 --> 00:55:26,200
WE KNOW THESE THINGS ARE HELPFUL

1690
00:55:26,200 --> 00:55:28,880
AND IMPORTANT FOR THE LGBTQ

1691
00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:29,840
COMMUNITY AND THE PEOPLE WHO

1692
00:55:29,840 --> 00:55:32,560
CARE ABOUT THEM, AND WE OPPOSE

1693
00:55:32,560 --> 00:55:35,240
ANY RESTRICTIONS.

1694
00:55:35,240 --> 00:55:37,000
WE ALSO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR

1695
00:55:37,000 --> 00:55:38,640
SUICIDE PROVIDERS.

1696
00:55:38,640 --> 00:55:41,920
WE HAVE A PROGRAM CALLED HEALING

1697
00:55:41,920 --> 00:55:43,560
CONVERSATIONS, WHERE PEOPLE WHO

1698
00:55:43,560 --> 00:55:45,480
ARE RECENTLY BEREAVED BY SUICIDE

1699
00:55:45,480 --> 00:55:47,120
CAN SPEAK WITH SOMEONE WHO HAS

1700
00:55:47,120 --> 00:55:50,960
BEEN BEREAVED SOMETIME BEFORE,

1701
00:55:50,960 --> 00:55:53,080
AT LEAST TWO YEARS, AND THEY ARE

1702
00:55:53,080 --> 00:55:56,040
ALSO TRAINED TO SPEAK WITH NEWLY

1703
00:55:56,040 --> 00:55:56,600
BEREAVED PEOPLE.

1704
00:55:56,600 --> 00:55:59,000
WE DO HAVE PEOPLE WHO WILL

1705
00:55:59,000 --> 00:56:01,480
SPECIFICALLY SPEAK WITH PEOPLE

1706
00:56:01,480 --> 00:56:06,600
IF REQUESTED WHO ARE IN THE

1707
00:56:06,600 --> 00:56:08,120
LGBTQIA POPULATION.

1708
00:56:08,120 --> 00:56:12,080
WE ALSO HAVE OUR INTERNATIONAL

1709
00:56:12,080 --> 00:56:13,320
SURVIVOR LOSS DAY.

1710
00:56:13,320 --> 00:56:15,840
WE DON'T JUST HAVE PROGRAMS FOR

1711
00:56:15,840 --> 00:56:17,680
PEOPLE IN THE LGBTQIA COMMUNITY.

1712
00:56:17,680 --> 00:56:19,560
EVERYBODY IS WELCOME WHEREVER WE

1713
00:56:19,560 --> 00:56:22,040
GO, BUT IF YOU WANT TO FOCUS

1714
00:56:22,040 --> 00:56:23,880
SPECIFICALLY ON THAT, WE DO HAVE

1715
00:56:23,880 --> 00:56:24,640
THOSE PROGRAMS.

1716
00:56:24,640 --> 00:56:26,800
WE ALSO HAVE OUR OUT OF THE

1717
00:56:26,800 --> 00:56:28,760
DARKNESS COMMUNITY WALKS AND

1718
00:56:28,760 --> 00:56:32,600
OVERNIGHT WALKS, AND THESE

1719
00:56:32,600 --> 00:56:35,240
ARE -- IN OUR WALKS, THEY SERVE

1720
00:56:35,240 --> 00:56:36,320
SEVERAL PURPOSES.

1721
00:56:36,320 --> 00:56:38,280
FIRST OF ALL, THEY ALLOW PEOPLE

1722
00:56:38,280 --> 00:56:39,680
WHO ARE AFFECTED BY SUICIDE AND

1723
00:56:39,680 --> 00:56:43,360
THEIR FRIENDS AND FAMILY TO COME

1724
00:56:43,360 --> 00:56:44,960
TOGETHER AND WHAT'S SO

1725
00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:48,360
REMARKABLE ABOUT IT IS THAT

1726
00:56:48,360 --> 00:56:49,240
SOMETIMES WHEN PEOPLE ARE HIDING

1727
00:56:49,240 --> 00:56:50,520
THAT THEY'VE LOST SOMEONE TO

1728
00:56:50,520 --> 00:56:51,720
SUICIDE, THEY COME TO THE EVENT

1729
00:56:51,720 --> 00:56:54,680
AND THEY ARE SURPRISED THAT IT'S

1730
00:56:54,680 --> 00:56:56,640
MOSTLY JOYFUL, THAT THEY'RE NOT

1731
00:56:56,640 --> 00:56:58,560
ALONE, AND WE ALSO HAVE

1732
00:56:58,560 --> 00:57:01,200
DIFFERENT COLOR BEADS THAT

1733
00:57:01,200 --> 00:57:04,280
WALKERS CAN WEAR IF THEY CHOOSE.

1734
00:57:04,280 --> 00:57:06,200
RECENTLY WE ADDED HONOR BEADS,

1735
00:57:06,200 --> 00:57:07,920
RAINBOW HONOR BEADS FOR THE

1736
00:57:07,920 --> 00:57:10,000
LGBTQIA COMMUNITY.

1737
00:57:10,000 --> 00:57:13,360
THE BEADS SERVE AS A WAY TO NOT

1738
00:57:13,360 --> 00:57:14,560
JUST IDENTIFY WHO YOU ARE AND

1739
00:57:14,560 --> 00:57:16,200
HOW YOU'VE BEEN AFFECTED, BUT

1740
00:57:16,200 --> 00:57:18,800
ALSO FOR SOMEBODY ELSE TO SEE

1741
00:57:18,800 --> 00:57:20,200
THAT THEY ARE NOT ALONE.

1742
00:57:20,200 --> 00:57:21,760
AND SOMETIMES PEOPLE COME TO THE

1743
00:57:21,760 --> 00:57:23,680
WALKS AND THEY DON'T PUT ON

1744
00:57:23,680 --> 00:57:24,800
BEADS IN THE BEGINNING, BUT

1745
00:57:24,800 --> 00:57:26,720
THEY'RE ABLE TO LOOK AROUND AND

1746
00:57:26,720 --> 00:57:30,440
SEE THAT THEY'RE NOT ALONE.

1747
00:57:30,440 --> 00:57:32,600
WE ALSO HAVE MANY SHAREABLES AND

1748
00:57:32,600 --> 00:57:34,880
A GROWING SET OF SHAREABLES THAT

1749
00:57:34,880 --> 00:57:36,880
YOU COULD SHARE ON SOCIAL MEDIA,

1750
00:57:36,880 --> 00:57:40,880
AND WE ALSO HAVE -- WE HAVE

1751
00:57:40,880 --> 00:57:42,600
CAROUSELS ON INSTAGRAM, YOU'RE

1752
00:57:42,600 --> 00:57:44,800
WELCOME TO LOOK AND SHARE

1753
00:57:44,800 --> 00:57:50,200
ANYTHING RELATED TO LGBTQIA

1754
00:57:50,200 --> 00:57:50,520
POPULATION.

1755
00:57:50,520 --> 00:57:51,840
I FIND THE MORE WE SHARE, THE

1756
00:57:51,840 --> 00:57:53,720
MORE PEOPLE ASK QUESTIONS, THE

1757
00:57:53,720 --> 00:57:55,400
MORE THEY OPEN UP ABOUT THEIR

1758
00:57:55,400 --> 00:57:57,040
OWN EXPERIENCE.

1759
00:57:57,040 --> 00:58:00,640
SO SOMETIMES I LOOK LIKE AN AFSP

1760
00:58:00,640 --> 00:58:03,920
GROUPIE BECAUSE I'M WEARING MY

1761
00:58:03,920 --> 00:58:04,240
AFSP GEAR.

1762
00:58:04,240 --> 00:58:06,080
I HAVE TO SAY IN FLORIDA, I WENT

1763
00:58:06,080 --> 00:58:11,000
TO PUT MY LGBTQ -- ON MY CHAIR

1764
00:58:11,000 --> 00:58:13,280
THE DAY THAT THEY BANNED PEOPLE

1765
00:58:13,280 --> 00:58:17,080
BEING ABLE TO TALK ABOUT IT IN

1766
00:58:17,080 --> 00:58:19,160
SCHOOLS, BUT THE MORE WE SHARE,

1767
00:58:19,160 --> 00:58:20,640
THE MORE WE OPEN UP, THE MORE WE

1768
00:58:20,640 --> 00:58:23,720
MAKE IT CLEAR THAT WE ARE ALL

1769
00:58:23,720 --> 00:58:25,720
TOGETHER AND WE OWE TO EACH

1770
00:58:25,720 --> 00:58:27,720
OTHER TO SUPPORT AND ENCOURAGE

1771
00:58:27,720 --> 00:58:28,960
EACH OTHER, THE BETTER IT'S

1772
00:58:28,960 --> 00:58:34,120
GOING TO BE FOR EVERYBODY,

1773
00:58:34,120 --> 00:58:35,680
ESPECIALLY FOR THE LGBTQIA

1774
00:58:35,680 --> 00:58:35,960
COMMUNITY.

1775
00:58:35,960 --> 00:58:37,040
SO WITH THAT, I JUST WANT TO

1776
00:58:37,040 --> 00:58:38,440
MAKE IT CLEAR THAT SUICIDE

1777
00:58:38,440 --> 00:58:41,040
PREVENTION FOR LGBTQIA YOUTH IS

1778
00:58:41,040 --> 00:58:43,480
A PRIORITY FOR AFSP, AND YOU'RE

1779
00:58:43,480 --> 00:58:47,040
WELCOME TO COME TO OUR WEBSITE,

1780
00:58:47,040 --> 00:58:52,560
AAND LEARN MORE ABOUT WHAT WE DO

1781
00:58:52,560 --> 00:58:53,680
ABOUT SUICIDE PREVENTION AND HOW

1782
00:58:53,680 --> 00:58:54,240
YOU CAN HELP.

1783
00:58:54,240 --> 00:58:55,840
THANK YOU.

1784
00:58:55,840 --> 00:58:58,960
>>I'M JACK TURBAN, I DIRECT

1785
00:58:58,960 --> 00:59:01,720
THE GENDER PSYCHIATRY PROGRAM AT

1786
00:59:01,720 --> 00:59:02,280
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

1787
00:59:02,280 --> 00:59:02,600
SAN FRANCISCO.

1788
00:59:02,600 --> 00:59:03,720
I'M GOING TO TALK REALLY FAST TO

1789
00:59:03,720 --> 00:59:04,600
KEEP TO FIVE MINUTES.

1790
00:59:04,600 --> 00:59:05,120
I WAS TALKING TO HOPE A BIT

1791
00:59:05,120 --> 00:59:06,320
ABOUT EXPANDING THE MINORITY

1792
00:59:06,320 --> 00:59:08,080
STRESS MODEL TO CONSIDER POLICY

1793
00:59:08,080 --> 00:59:15,600
DETERMINANTS OF MENTAL HEALTH.

1794
00:59:15,600 --> 00:59:24,000
FOR DISCLOSURES, [INAUDIBLE] TO

1795
00:59:24,000 --> 00:59:27,040
SUPPORT ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEA 

1796
00:59:27,040 --> 00:59:29,160
HEALTH -- FROM THE ACLU AND

1797
00:59:29,160 --> 00:59:30,240
VARIOUS OTHER -- ORGANIZATIONS,

1798
00:59:30,240 --> 00:59:32,160
I HAVE RECEIVED RESEARCH GRANTS

1799
00:59:32,160 --> 00:59:34,800
FROM AACAP AND PHARMACEUTICAL

1800
00:59:34,800 --> 00:59:36,840
PARTNERS INCLUDING ARBOR AND

1801
00:59:36,840 --> 00:59:42,480
PFIZER AND THE ZOR SORENSEN

1802
00:59:42,480 --> 00:59:42,800
FOUNDATION.

1803
00:59:42,800 --> 00:59:44,120
A LOT OF PEOPLE HERE ARE

1804
00:59:44,120 --> 00:59:44,920
PROBABLY FAMILIAR WITH THE

1805
00:59:44,920 --> 00:59:45,800
MINORITY STRESS MODEL, THE

1806
00:59:45,800 --> 00:59:47,040
PRENO, MA'AM NANT MODEL THAT WE

1807
00:59:47,040 --> 00:59:48,280
THINK OF FOR EXPLAINING MENTAL

1808
00:59:48,280 --> 00:59:50,000
HEALTH DISPARITIES AMONG SEXUAL

1809
00:59:50,000 --> 00:59:53,920
AND GENDER MINORITY PEOPLE.

1810
00:59:53,920 --> 00:59:55,960
FIRST ARE THESE DISTAL STRESS

1811
00:59:55,960 --> 00:59:57,720
FACTORS ON THE FAR LEFT.

1812
00:59:57,720 --> 00:59:59,240
THESE ARE THE ONES THAT TEND TO

1813
00:59:59,240 --> 01:00:01,480
BE INTUITIVE, THE WAYS IN WHICH

1814
01:00:01,480 --> 01:00:07,840
SESOCIETAL STIGMA IMPACT SEXUALY

1815
01:00:07,840 --> 01:00:08,840
JORT MENTAL HEALTH -- THINGS

1816
01:00:08,840 --> 01:00:11,560
LIKE EXPERIENCING

1817
01:00:11,560 --> 01:00:14,360
DISCRIMINATION, REJECTION,

1818
01:00:14,360 --> 01:00:15,080
VICTIMIZATION, UNDERSTANDABLY

1819
01:00:15,080 --> 01:00:17,360
LEAD TO ANXIETY, DEPRESSION,

1820
01:00:17,360 --> 01:00:20,400
SHAME, OTHER INTERNALIZING --

1821
01:00:20,400 --> 01:00:23,120
THAT CAN DRIVE SUICIDALITY

1822
01:00:23,120 --> 01:00:23,800
ULTIMATELY.

1823
01:00:23,800 --> 01:00:25,640
BUT LESS INTUITIVE ARE THESE

1824
01:00:25,640 --> 01:00:26,880
PROXIMAL STRESS FACTORS THERE IN

1825
01:00:26,880 --> 01:00:27,320
THAT SECOND COLUMN.

1826
01:00:27,320 --> 01:00:28,480
THESE ARE THINGS THAT START TO

1827
01:00:28,480 --> 01:00:30,480
LIVE IN ONE'S OWN PSYCHE AS A

1828
01:00:30,480 --> 01:00:33,000
RESULT OF BEING EXPOSED TO THE

1829
01:00:33,000 --> 01:00:35,280
EXTERNAL FACTORS OR DISTAL

1830
01:00:35,280 --> 01:00:36,360
STRESS FACTORS.

1831
01:00:36,360 --> 01:00:38,920
SO I CLINICALLY TAKE CARE OF

1832
01:00:38,920 --> 01:00:40,600
MOSTLY TRANSGENDER YOUTH AND

1833
01:00:40,600 --> 01:00:41,800
WHAT THEY'RE HEARING A LOT IN

1834
01:00:41,800 --> 01:00:43,520
THE MEDIA RIGHT NOW ARE THINGS

1835
01:00:43,520 --> 01:00:44,640
LIKE YOU CAN'T USE THE BATHROOM

1836
01:00:44,640 --> 01:00:46,160
THAT MATCHES YOUR GENDER

1837
01:00:46,160 --> 01:00:47,000
IDENTITY BECAUSE YOU ARE A

1838
01:00:47,000 --> 01:00:49,160
SEXUAL RISK TO OTHER PEOPLE.

1839
01:00:49,160 --> 01:00:50,800
OR YOU CAN'T PLAY ON SPORTS

1840
01:00:50,800 --> 01:00:52,560
TEAMS THAT MATCH YOUR GENDER

1841
01:00:52,560 --> 01:00:53,520
IDENTITY BECAUSE YOU'RE GOING TO

1842
01:00:53,520 --> 01:00:54,920
PHYSICALLY HURT YOUR PEERS.

1843
01:00:54,920 --> 01:00:57,440
OR YOUR GENDER IDENTITY IS A

1844
01:00:57,440 --> 01:00:59,040
MENTAL ILLNESS SO YOU SHOULDN'T

1845
01:00:59,040 --> 01:01:00,760
BE ALLOWED TO ACCESS STANDARD OF

1846
01:01:00,760 --> 01:01:03,280
CARE MEDICAL TREATMENTS OR

1847
01:01:03,280 --> 01:01:04,280
GENDER-AFFIRMING MEDICAL CARE.

1848
01:01:04,280 --> 01:01:06,080
OFTEN THESE KIDS MAY KNOW THAT'S

1849
01:01:06,080 --> 01:01:08,400
NOT TRUE ON A CONSCIOUS LEVEL

1850
01:01:08,400 --> 01:01:10,520
BUT UNCONSCIOUSLY, A LOT OF IFS

1851
01:01:10,520 --> 01:01:10,920
COME UP.

1852
01:01:10,920 --> 01:01:13,080
WHAT IF I AM JUST CONFUSED, WHAT

1853
01:01:13,080 --> 01:01:15,240
IF I AM DANGEROUS TO MY PEERS?

1854
01:01:15,240 --> 01:01:16,440
AND UNDERSTANDABLY, THAT CAN

1855
01:01:16,440 --> 01:01:18,720
DRIVE A LOT OF ANXIETY AND

1856
01:01:18,720 --> 01:01:19,720
DEPRESSION, AND THEN LEADS TO

1857
01:01:19,720 --> 01:01:21,240
THESE OTHER PROXIMAL FACTORS

1858
01:01:21,240 --> 01:01:22,520
LIKE NEGATIVE EXPECTATIONS OF

1859
01:01:22,520 --> 01:01:26,200
THE FUTURE, NEED TO CONCEAL YOUR

1860
01:01:26,200 --> 01:01:28,760
GENDER IDENTITY OR SEXUAL --

1861
01:01:28,760 --> 01:01:32,640
HIDE WHO YOU ARE, AND ULTIMATELY

1862
01:01:32,640 --> 01:01:32,960
SUICIDALITY.

1863
01:01:32,960 --> 01:01:35,240
THE GOOD NEWS IS WE HAVE THESE

1864
01:01:35,240 --> 01:01:37,360
RESILIENCE FACTORS LIKE

1865
01:01:37,360 --> 01:01:38,320
COMMUNITY CONNECTIVENESS, WHAT

1866
01:01:38,320 --> 01:01:40,680
WE'RE DOING RIGHT NOW,

1867
01:01:40,680 --> 01:01:42,560
CONNECTING WITH OTHER PEOPLE IN

1868
01:01:42,560 --> 01:01:45,120
THE QUEER COMMUNITY, AND -- I

1869
01:01:45,120 --> 01:01:47,240
OFTEN TALK TO YOUNG TRANS YOUTH

1870
01:01:47,240 --> 01:01:50,120
ABOUT TRANS ROLE MODELS LIKE DRE

1871
01:01:50,120 --> 01:01:52,920
WITH US, AS WELL AS OTHER WORLD

1872
01:01:52,920 --> 01:01:58,720
LEADERS ACROSS OTHER FIELDS.

1873
01:01:58,720 --> 01:02:00,240
BUT I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT

1874
01:02:00,240 --> 01:02:03,400
ESPECIALLY RECENTLY TO THINK

1875
01:02:03,400 --> 01:02:04,040
ABOUT MAPPING SOMETHING ON TOP

1876
01:02:04,040 --> 01:02:07,600
OF THE MINORITY STRESS MODEL.

1877
01:02:07,600 --> 01:02:09,120
THIS IS PUBLIC POLICY.

1878
01:02:09,120 --> 01:02:10,520
SO IF YOU THINK ABOUT IT, OUR

1879
01:02:10,520 --> 01:02:12,280
PUBLIC POLICIES AND LIVES CAN

1880
01:02:12,280 --> 01:02:15,760
IMPACT ALL TYPES OF DIFFERENT

1881
01:02:15,760 --> 01:02:17,040
DOMAINS OF THE MINORITY STRESS

1882
01:02:17,040 --> 01:02:17,240
MODEL.

1883
01:02:17,240 --> 01:02:19,480
THEY CAN IMPACT DISTAL STRESS

1884
01:02:19,480 --> 01:02:21,760
FACTORS, PROXIMAL STRESS

1885
01:02:21,760 --> 01:02:23,520
FACTORS, RESILIENCE FACTORS, AND

1886
01:02:23,520 --> 01:02:27,640
OF COURSE KIND OF DIRECTLY

1887
01:02:27,640 --> 01:02:31,920
IMPACT -- BY PROVIDING -- TO

1888
01:02:31,920 --> 01:02:35,960
HEALTH SERVICES.

1889
01:02:35,960 --> 01:02:37,880
IT A -- WE HAVE RESEARCH AT THE

1890
01:02:37,880 --> 01:02:38,760
REALLY BACK THIS UP.

1891
01:02:38,760 --> 01:02:40,160
SO TO GIVE ONE EXAMPLE A FEW

1892
01:02:40,160 --> 01:02:42,880
YEARS AGO THERE WERE A LOT OF

1893
01:02:42,880 --> 01:02:44,280
DEBATES WHERE PEOPLE WERE

1894
01:02:44,280 --> 01:02:45,280
ACKNOWLEDGING THAT TRYING TO

1895
01:02:45,280 --> 01:02:47,080
CHANGE SOMEONE'S SEXUAL

1896
01:02:47,080 --> 01:02:48,280
ORIENTATION WAS DANGEROUS, NOT

1897
01:02:48,280 --> 01:02:52,320
POSSIBLE, BUT PEOPLE ARE RAISING

1898
01:02:52,320 --> 01:02:54,880
QUESTIONS ABOUT WHETHER OR

1899
01:02:54,880 --> 01:02:59,880
NOT -- TO FORCE - -- THE LARGEST

1900
01:02:59,880 --> 01:03:01,600
SURVEY IN EXISTENCE OF

1901
01:03:01,600 --> 01:03:03,000
TRANSGENDER ADULTS.

1902
01:03:03,000 --> 01:03:04,920
OVER 20,000 PARTICIPANTS ONLY

1903
01:03:04,920 --> 01:03:07,200
FOUND EXPOSURE TO THOSE

1904
01:03:07,200 --> 01:03:09,000
CONVERSION -- ASSOCIATED WITH

1905
01:03:09,000 --> 01:03:11,000
ADVERSE MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES

1906
01:03:11,000 --> 01:03:14,240
INCLUDING SUICIDE ATTEMPTS.

1907
01:03:14,240 --> 01:03:16,760
AND THIS IS ANOTHER PAPER WE

1908
01:03:16,760 --> 01:03:17,680
PUBLISHED IN THE AMERICAN

1909
01:03:17,680 --> 01:03:18,600
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH WHERE

1910
01:03:18,600 --> 01:03:21,520
WE FOUND EXPOSURE TO THAT

1911
01:03:21,520 --> 01:03:24,320
PRACTICE WAS ACTUALLY QUITE

1912
01:03:24,320 --> 01:03:25,280
COMMON -- REPORTED THEY WERE

1913
01:03:25,280 --> 01:03:26,760
EXPOSED TO CONVERSION EFFORTS AT

1914
01:03:26,760 --> 01:03:28,080
SOME POINT IN YOUR LIFE, AND YOU

1915
01:03:28,080 --> 01:03:30,040
CAN SEE THERE'S SOME GEOGRAPHIC

1916
01:03:30,040 --> 01:03:30,720
DISTRIBUTION WHERE THAT WAS MORE

1917
01:03:30,720 --> 01:03:31,040
COMMON.

1918
01:03:31,040 --> 01:03:32,600
SO PUT TOGETHER, THIS IS A

1919
01:03:32,600 --> 01:03:34,280
COMMON EXPOSURE AND THAT IT'S

1920
01:03:34,280 --> 01:03:36,480
EXPOSURE THAT WE FOUND STRONGLY

1921
01:03:36,480 --> 01:03:37,840
LIMITED TO SUICIDE ATTEMPTS, YOU

1922
01:03:37,840 --> 01:03:40,240
WOULD THINK THIS WOULD BE A HIGH

1923
01:03:40,240 --> 01:03:45,280
YIELD AREA TO REDUCE DISPARITIES

1924
01:03:45,280 --> 01:03:47,440
FOR TRANS AMERICANS AS WELL AS

1925
01:03:47,440 --> 01:03:51,280
SEXUAL MINORITY AMERICANS.

1926
01:03:51,280 --> 01:03:52,960
DESPITE THIS, ONLY ABOUT HALF OF

1927
01:03:52,960 --> 01:03:56,400
U.S. STATES HAVE PASSED POLICIES

1928
01:03:56,400 --> 01:03:57,640
TO OUTLAW CONVERSION EFFORTS.

1929
01:03:57,640 --> 01:03:59,320
SO IF YOU LOOK AT THE STATES IN

1930
01:03:59,320 --> 01:04:00,440
DARK GREEN, THOSE ARE STATES

1931
01:04:00,440 --> 01:04:02,200
WHERE IT'S OUTLAWED.

1932
01:04:02,200 --> 01:04:05,280
OTHER STATES IT'S STILL LEGAL,

1933
01:04:05,280 --> 01:04:06,680
DESPITE THIS EVIDENCE WE HAVE

1934
01:04:06,680 --> 01:04:10,400
THAT IT'S LINKED TO SUICIDE

1935
01:04:10,400 --> 01:04:15,840
ATTEMPTS, AND IF WE KIND OF

1936
01:04:15,840 --> 01:04:19,800
TOGGLE BETWEEN SLIDES, EXPOSURE

1937
01:04:19,800 --> 01:04:23,560
APPEARS TO BE MORE COMMON IN

1938
01:04:23,560 --> 01:04:24,680
SOME OF THESE PLACES THAT

1939
01:04:24,680 --> 01:04:25,880
HAVEN'T PASSED BANS ON THE

1940
01:04:25,880 --> 01:04:31,720
PRACTICE.

1941
01:04:31,720 --> 01:04:32,840
SO THAT SHOWS US THAT IT'S

1942
01:04:32,840 --> 01:04:34,480
IMPORTANT TO HAVE THE RESEARCH

1943
01:04:34,480 --> 01:04:35,760
BUT THAT'S NOT ENOUGH, RIGHT?

1944
01:04:35,760 --> 01:04:37,760
WE ALSO NEED TO COMMUNICATE WITH

1945
01:04:37,760 --> 01:04:38,720
LAWMAKERS, MAKE SURE THEY'RE

1946
01:04:38,720 --> 01:04:41,280
AWARE OF THE DATA, AND IN SOME

1947
01:04:41,280 --> 01:04:43,520
INSTANCES, ALSO MAKE SURE THAT

1948
01:04:43,520 --> 01:04:45,280
THEIR CON STIT WANTS AND THEIR

1949
01:04:45,280 --> 01:04:46,480
BUILDERS ARE WEAR WITH THE DATA

1950
01:04:46,480 --> 01:04:48,000
SO THEY CAN COMMUNICATE TO

1951
01:04:48,000 --> 01:04:49,640
REPRESENTATIVES AND TH TELL THEM

1952
01:04:49,640 --> 01:04:50,960
THIS IS A PRIORITY FOR THEM,

1953
01:04:50,960 --> 01:04:52,040
THEY WANT THE PEOPLE IN THEIR

1954
01:04:52,040 --> 01:04:53,840
COMMUNITIES TO HAVE THESE MENTAL

1955
01:04:53,840 --> 01:04:55,280
HEALTH DISPARITIES COMBATED

1956
01:04:55,280 --> 01:04:56,640
BECAUSE WITHOUT HEARING FROM

1957
01:04:56,640 --> 01:05:01,280
THEIR CONSTITUENTS -- I THINK

1958
01:05:01,280 --> 01:05:02,600
IT'S ALSO WORTH KEEPING IN MIND

1959
01:05:02,600 --> 01:05:06,640
THAT THE COURT SYSTEMS HAVE AN

1960
01:05:06,640 --> 01:05:08,280
IMPACT ON THESE PUBLIC POLICIES

1961
01:05:08,280 --> 01:05:09,040
AND MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITIES AS

1962
01:05:09,040 --> 01:05:09,360
WELL.

1963
01:05:09,360 --> 01:05:12,120
SO MANY OF THESE BANS ON

1964
01:05:12,120 --> 01:05:13,160
CONVERSION EFFORTS HAVE BEEN

1965
01:05:13,160 --> 01:05:15,160
CHALLENGED IN THE FEDERAL COURTS

1966
01:05:15,160 --> 01:05:18,400
TO APPEALS COURTS IN THE NINTH

1967
01:05:18,400 --> 01:05:19,800
AND THE THIRD CIRCUIT RULED

1968
01:05:19,800 --> 01:05:22,000
THESE BANS WERE CONSTITUTIONAL.

1969
01:05:22,000 --> 01:05:24,840
MORE RECENTLY THE 11TH CIRCLED

1970
01:05:24,840 --> 01:05:27,120
RULED THEY WERE

1971
01:05:27,120 --> 01:05:28,840
UNCONSTITUTIONAL.

1972
01:05:28,840 --> 01:05:31,640
LEADING TO A CIRCUIT SPLIT,

1973
01:05:31,640 --> 01:05:33,080
WHICH MEANS THAT IN COMING

1974
01:05:33,080 --> 01:05:34,320
YEARS, THE SUPREME COURT MAY

1975
01:05:34,320 --> 01:05:37,720
TAKE UP THIS QUESTION WHICH

1976
01:05:37,720 --> 01:05:41,280
COULD ULTIMATELY LEAD TO THESE

1977
01:05:41,280 --> 01:05:42,400
BANS -- GOING AWAY, WHICH AGAIN

1978
01:05:42,400 --> 01:05:45,160
WE WOULD EXPECT WITH MENTAL

1979
01:05:45,160 --> 01:05:45,800
HEALTH DISPARITIES.

1980
01:05:45,800 --> 01:05:47,000
SO IN ADDITION TO THE RESEARCH

1981
01:05:47,000 --> 01:05:51,920
AND EDUCATING LAWMAKERS AND

1982
01:05:51,920 --> 01:05:54,320
VOTERS -- THE COURTS, WHETHER

1983
01:05:54,320 --> 01:05:57,120
THROUGH AMICUS BRIEFS OR SERVING

1984
01:05:57,120 --> 01:05:59,760
AS AN EXPERT WITNESS.

1985
01:05:59,760 --> 01:06:01,160
ONE OTHER THING I WANTED TO

1986
01:06:01,160 --> 01:06:02,320
HIGHLIGHT WAS THAT THERE'S BEEN

1987
01:06:02,320 --> 01:06:05,080
SOME AMAZING WORK RECENTLY

1988
01:06:05,080 --> 01:06:09,240
LOOKING AT USING METRIC MODELS,

1989
01:06:09,240 --> 01:06:12,080
THESE DIFFERENCE IN DIFFERENCE

1990
01:06:12,080 --> 01:06:14,520
MODELS WHERE YOU CAN REALLY DO

1991
01:06:14,520 --> 01:06:15,880
CAUSAL INFERENCE TO SEE ARE

1992
01:06:15,880 --> 01:06:19,040
THESE POLICIES THEMSELVES, YOU

1993
01:06:19,040 --> 01:06:25,040
KNOW, IN A CAUSAL WAY LEADING  

1994
01:06:25,040 --> 01:06:26,640
TO -- ONE IN JAMA PSYCHIATRY

1995
01:06:26,640 --> 01:06:28,960
THAT FOUND THAT LAWS THAT PERMIT

1996
01:06:28,960 --> 01:06:31,640
DENIAL OF SERVICES TO SAME-SEX

1997
01:06:31,640 --> 01:06:34,400
COUPLES LEADS TO INCREASED

1998
01:06:34,400 --> 01:06:35,840
MENTAL DISTRESS AMONG SEXUAL

1999
01:06:35,840 --> 01:06:37,560
MINORITY ADULTS.

2000
01:06:37,560 --> 01:06:38,680
THIS IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT

2001
01:06:38,680 --> 01:06:39,840
TODAY GIVEN THE DECISION THAT

2002
01:06:39,840 --> 01:06:40,880
JUST CAME FROM THE SUPREME COURT

2003
01:06:40,880 --> 01:06:42,760
ON THE 303 CREATIVE, WHICH IS

2004
01:06:42,760 --> 01:06:45,920
VERY MUCH ON THIS TOPIC.

2005
01:06:45,920 --> 01:06:48,720
I KNOW HER WORK WAS CITED

2006
01:06:48,720 --> 01:06:51,840
THROUGHOUT THE COURT CASES.

2007
01:06:51,840 --> 01:06:53,040
ANOTHER PAPER UP HERE LOOKING AT

2008
01:06:53,040 --> 01:06:56,320
A POLICY THAT ACTUALLY IMPROVES

2009
01:06:56,320 --> 01:06:59,400
MENTAL HEALTH, SO THIS WAS

2010
01:06:59,400 --> 01:07:02,640
LOOKING AT SAME-SEX MARRIAGE

2011
01:07:02,640 --> 01:07:03,640
POLICIES AND FOUND THAT THOSE

2012
01:07:03,640 --> 01:07:06,240
LED TO A DECREASE IN ADOLESCENT

2013
01:07:06,240 --> 01:07:10,200
SUICIDE ATTEMPTS.

2014
01:07:10,200 --> 01:07:13,320
THANK YOU FOR DEALING WITH MY

2015
01:07:13,320 --> 01:07:14,400
FAST TALKING TO KEEP THIS TO

2016
01:07:14,400 --> 01:07:16,720
FIVE MINUTES BUT I JUST WANTED

2017
01:07:16,720 --> 01:07:18,800
TO LEAVE YOU WITH REALLY THESE

2018
01:07:18,800 --> 01:07:19,720
THREE POINTS, THAT IT'S REALLY

2019
01:07:19,720 --> 01:07:21,000
IMPORTANT WE STUDY PUBLIC

2020
01:07:21,000 --> 01:07:22,400
POLICIES AS THEY RELATE TO

2021
01:07:22,400 --> 01:07:23,840
SEXUAL AND GENDER MINORITY

2022
01:07:23,840 --> 01:07:24,800
MENTAL HEALTH, BUT THE RESEARCH

2023
01:07:24,800 --> 01:07:26,560
ALONE ISN'T ENOUGH, AND THAT

2024
01:07:26,560 --> 01:07:27,560
RESEARCH ALSO NEEDS TO BE

2025
01:07:27,560 --> 01:07:27,960
TRANSLATED.

2026
01:07:27,960 --> 01:07:29,360
SO NUMBER ONE, I HOPE THAT WE

2027
01:07:29,360 --> 01:07:31,240
CONTINUE TO EMPIRICALLY STUDY

2028
01:07:31,240 --> 01:07:32,760
BOTH PRACTICES THAT ARE RELEVANT

2029
01:07:32,760 --> 01:07:34,280
TO PUBLIC POLICIES, AS WELL AS

2030
01:07:34,280 --> 01:07:36,440
THE POLICIES THEMSELVES AND

2031
01:07:36,440 --> 01:07:37,440
THEIR IMPACT ON MENTAL HEALTH AT

2032
01:07:37,440 --> 01:07:39,240
THE POPULATION LEVEL.

2033
01:07:39,240 --> 01:07:40,640
THAT WE INTERFACE WITH POLICY

2034
01:07:40,640 --> 01:07:41,920
MAKERS AND VOTERS TO MAKE SURE

2035
01:07:41,920 --> 01:07:44,000
THAT IF THERE'S A LAW BEING

2036
01:07:44,000 --> 01:07:45,080
INTRODUCED, POLICY MAKERS KNOW

2037
01:07:45,080 --> 01:07:46,920
THE RELEVANT DATA.

2038
01:07:46,920 --> 01:07:49,320
IF IT'S NOT PRESENTED TO THEM,

2039
01:07:49,320 --> 01:07:51,600
IT MAY NEVER MAKE TO THEM.

2040
01:07:51,600 --> 01:07:57,520
BUT ALSO TH THAT VOTERS BE

2041
01:07:57,520 --> 01:07:58,160
INFORMED.

2042
01:07:58,160 --> 01:08:00,880
IF YOU'RE A RESEARCHER AND

2043
01:08:00,880 --> 01:08:02,720
PUBLISHED SOMETHING RELEVANT TO

2044
01:08:02,720 --> 01:08:04,160
PROPOSED LEGISLATION, WRITE AN

2045
01:08:04,160 --> 01:08:09,040
OP-ED IN A BIG PAPER, WHERE

2046
01:08:09,040 --> 01:08:10,840
LAWMAKERS AND VOTERS ARE

2047
01:08:10,840 --> 01:08:11,680
THINKING ABOUT THIS.

2048
01:08:11,680 --> 01:08:13,760
AGAIN VOTERS MAY VOTE ON

2049
01:08:13,760 --> 01:08:15,840
SOMETHING DIRECTLY, BUT THEY MAY

2050
01:08:15,840 --> 01:08:18,200
ALSO END UP REACHING OUT TO

2051
01:08:18,200 --> 01:08:19,520
THEIR REPRESENTATIVES LETTING

2052
01:08:19,520 --> 01:08:20,280
THEM KNOW THIS IS IMPORTANT TO

2053
01:08:20,280 --> 01:08:21,840
THEM AND THEY WANT THE RESEARCH

2054
01:08:21,840 --> 01:08:22,880
HIGHLIGHTED IN SOME OF THESE

2055
01:08:22,880 --> 01:08:23,400
DISCUSSIONS.

2056
01:08:23,400 --> 01:08:24,520
AND LASTLY KEEPING IN MIND THAT

2057
01:08:24,520 --> 01:08:26,360
THE COURTS ALSO PLAY A REALLY

2058
01:08:26,360 --> 01:08:28,640
VITAL ROLE IN HOW THESE POLICIES

2059
01:08:28,640 --> 01:08:30,520
ULTIMATELY SURVIVOR ARE

2060
01:08:30,520 --> 01:08:31,720
IMPLEMENTED AND THAT INTERFACING

2061
01:08:31,720 --> 01:08:33,200
WITH THEM EITHER THROUGH AMICUS

2062
01:08:33,200 --> 01:08:34,400
BRIEFS THAT YOU MAY DO WITH SOME

2063
01:08:34,400 --> 01:08:36,960
OF YOUR MAJOR ORGANIZATIONS,

2064
01:08:36,960 --> 01:08:38,320
LIKE THE AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC

2065
01:08:38,320 --> 01:08:39,600
ASSOCIATION, OR THE AMERICAN

2066
01:08:39,600 --> 01:08:45,200
ACHAD ME OF CHILD ADOLESCENCE,

2067
01:08:45,200 --> 01:08:46,440
BUT ALSO -- TO MAKE SURE THEY'RE

2068
01:08:46,440 --> 01:08:49,240
MAKING DESIGS BASED ON THE BEST

2069
01:08:49,240 --> 01:08:53,920
DATA, AND -- BUT WE HAVE --

2070
01:08:53,920 --> 01:08:54,680
SEXUAL AND GENDER MINORITY

2071
01:08:54,680 --> 01:08:56,080
PEOPLE AND SUICIDALITY IN

2072
01:08:56,080 --> 01:08:57,120
PARTICULAR.

2073
01:08:57,120 --> 01:09:00,720
I THINK THAT WAS MY LAST SLIGHT.

2074
01:09:00,720 --> 01:09:06,400
THANK YOU.

2075
01:09:06,400 --> 01:09:07,480
>>AS YOU'VE HEARD FROM EVERYONE

2076
01:09:07,480 --> 01:09:08,600
TODAY WE KNOW THAT SUICIDE IS A

2077
01:09:08,600 --> 01:09:10,120
LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN

2078
01:09:10,120 --> 01:09:11,200
GENERAL AND THE SECOND LEADING

2079
01:09:11,200 --> 01:09:13,040
CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG YOUTH IN

2080
01:09:13,040 --> 01:09:16,240
PARTICULAR, THOSE AGED 10 TO 24.

2081
01:09:16,240 --> 01:09:17,720
AND PARALLELLING THE ENORMITY OF

2082
01:09:17,720 --> 01:09:18,920
THIS PROBLEM, THERE'S BEEN A

2083
01:09:18,920 --> 01:09:19,880
HUGE INCREASE IN RESEARCH ON

2084
01:09:19,880 --> 01:09:22,200
THIS TOPIC.

2085
01:09:22,200 --> 01:09:23,920
BUT UNFORTUNATELY, RESEARCHERS

2086
01:09:23,920 --> 01:09:26,040
HAVE FAILED TO INCLUDE SO MANY

2087
01:09:26,040 --> 01:09:27,440
PEOPLE THAT ARE AFFECTED BY

2088
01:09:27,440 --> 01:09:35,320
SUICIDE AND RELATED OUTCOMES.

2089
01:09:35,320 --> 01:09:38,680
INCLUDED THOSE WITH MINORITIZED

2090
01:09:38,680 --> 01:09:40,800
IDENTITIES LIKE LGBTQIA YOUTH.

2091
01:09:40,800 --> 01:09:43,240
WE HAVE ALSO DONE A TERRIBLE JOB

2092
01:09:43,240 --> 01:09:44,960
AT ASSESSING SEXUALITY AND

2093
01:09:44,960 --> 01:09:46,560
GENDER ON SUICIDE RESEARCH, FROM

2094
01:09:46,560 --> 01:09:49,000
A META-ANALYSIS OF OVER 150

2095
01:09:49,000 --> 01:09:51,680
LONGITUDINAL RISK FACTOR

2096
01:09:51,680 --> 01:09:54,720
STUDIES, ONLY ABOUT 4% ASSESSED

2097
01:09:54,720 --> 01:09:55,480
SEXUALITY AND GENDER IN THE

2098
01:09:55,480 --> 01:09:57,000
STUDIES THAT WERE CONDUCTED.

2099
01:09:57,000 --> 01:09:58,840
SIMILARLY IN A MORE RECENT

2100
01:09:58,840 --> 01:10:00,720
META-ANALYSIS OF INTERVENGS FOR

2101
01:10:00,720 --> 01:10:02,040
SUICIDE RELATED BEHAVIORS,

2102
01:10:02,040 --> 01:10:04,520
AGAIN, ONLY 4% EVEN ASSESSED

2103
01:10:04,520 --> 01:10:05,360
SEXUALITY AND GENDER IN THE

2104
01:10:05,360 --> 01:10:09,200
COMPOSITION OF THEIR SAMPLES.

2105
01:10:09,200 --> 01:10:10,640
THIS IS A MAJOR PROBLEM BECAUSE

2106
01:10:10,640 --> 01:10:12,600
AS YOU'VE HEARD ABOUT TODAY,

2107
01:10:12,600 --> 01:10:14,360
SUICIDE AND RELATED OUTCOMES ARE

2108
01:10:14,360 --> 01:10:16,200
A PARTICULAR PROBLEM FOR LGBTQIA

2109
01:10:16,200 --> 01:10:16,440
YOUTH.

2110
01:10:16,440 --> 01:10:18,400
SO THERE'S AN URGENT NEED FOR

2111
01:10:18,400 --> 01:10:20,440
MORE RESEARCH ON LGBTQIA YOUTH

2112
01:10:20,440 --> 01:10:23,720
SUICIDE AND SUICIDE PREVENTION.

2113
01:10:23,720 --> 01:10:25,080
BUT THERE ARE SO MANY BARRIERS

2114
01:10:25,080 --> 01:10:26,400
THAT GET IN THE WAY TO DOING

2115
01:10:26,400 --> 01:10:27,080
THIS RESEARCH.

2116
01:10:27,080 --> 01:10:29,080
WHEN I TRY TO INVITE CLEEX TO

2117
01:10:29,080 --> 01:10:34,640
COLLEAGUESTO WORK ON THIS WITH N

2118
01:10:34,640 --> 01:10:36,720
HEAR ABOUT MYTHS LIKE ASKING

2119
01:10:36,720 --> 01:10:39,120
KIDS ABOUT SUICIDE ISN'T SAFE,

2120
01:10:39,120 --> 01:10:41,200
OR KIDS DON'T KNOW THEIR GENDER

2121
01:10:41,200 --> 01:10:43,040
AND CAN'T ANSWER QUESTIONS

2122
01:10:43,040 --> 01:10:44,480
VALIDLY OR ACCURATELY.

2123
01:10:44,480 --> 01:10:46,400
THESE ARE BARRIERS ON TOP OF ALL

2124
01:10:46,400 --> 01:10:48,000
THE BARRIERS TO YOUTH RESEARCH

2125
01:10:48,000 --> 01:10:48,720
IN GENERAL.

2126
01:10:48,720 --> 01:10:50,480
AND SO BEFORE I TALK ABOUT SOME

2127
01:10:50,480 --> 01:10:51,600
SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS FOR THIS

2128
01:10:51,600 --> 01:10:53,840
AREA OF RESEARCH, I THINK IT'S

2129
01:10:53,840 --> 01:10:55,040
REALLY IMPORTANT TO CHAT ABOUT A

2130
01:10:55,040 --> 01:10:56,240
FEW STEPS THAT I THINK THAT WE

2131
01:10:56,240 --> 01:10:57,680
COULD ALL TAKE TO JUST MAKE IT A

2132
01:10:57,680 --> 01:10:59,480
LITTLE BIT EASIER AND MORE

2133
01:10:59,480 --> 01:11:00,480
ETHICAL TO DO RESEARCH IN THIS

2134
01:11:00,480 --> 01:11:02,320
AREA.

2135
01:11:02,320 --> 01:11:04,000
SO FIRST, I WANT TO CHAT ABOUT

2136
01:11:04,000 --> 01:11:04,880
DISPELLING MYTHS.

2137
01:11:04,880 --> 01:11:06,920
I THINK IT IMPERATIVE THAT WE

2138
01:11:06,920 --> 01:11:08,560
MAKE SURE THAT RESEARCHERS AND

2139
01:11:08,560 --> 01:11:10,760
IRBs ARE AWARE THAT IT'S NOT

2140
01:11:10,760 --> 01:11:12,320
IATROGENIC TO ASK ABOUT SUICIDE

2141
01:11:12,320 --> 01:11:13,720
AND RELATED BEHAVIORS.

2142
01:11:13,720 --> 01:11:15,920
AND ADDITIONALLY, THAT YOUTH CAN

2143
01:11:15,920 --> 01:11:17,320
VALIDLY AND ACCURATELY ANSWER

2144
01:11:17,320 --> 01:11:19,560
QUESTIONS ABOUT THEIR SEXUALITY

2145
01:11:19,560 --> 01:11:22,040
AND GENDER AND MANY CHILDREN ARE

2146
01:11:22,040 --> 01:11:24,440
ALREADY AWARE OF DIVERSE

2147
01:11:24,440 --> 01:11:25,840
SEXUALITIES AND GENDERS.

2148
01:11:25,840 --> 01:11:26,600
ADDITIONALLY, IT'S IMPORTANT

2149
01:11:26,600 --> 01:11:30,960
THAT WE EDUCATE ASSESSMENTS OF

2150
01:11:30,960 --> 01:11:33,680
SELF INSURE JUST THOUGHTS AND

2151
01:11:33,680 --> 01:11:34,720
BEHAVIORS AS WELL AS LGBTQ

2152
01:11:34,720 --> 01:11:35,320
IDENTITIES.

2153
01:11:35,320 --> 01:11:36,960
LANGUAGE AND TERMINOLOGY AROUND

2154
01:11:36,960 --> 01:11:37,960
SEXUALITY AND GENDER IS

2155
01:11:37,960 --> 01:11:38,840
CONSTANTLY EVOLVING AND IT'S

2156
01:11:38,840 --> 01:11:40,240
IMPORTANT THAT RESEARCHERS ARE

2157
01:11:40,240 --> 01:11:41,760
AWARE OF THE MOST UP TO DATE

2158
01:11:41,760 --> 01:11:42,880
MEASURES TO PREVENT DOING

2159
01:11:42,880 --> 01:11:45,800
ADDITIONAL PARDON HARM IN THIS .

2160
01:11:45,800 --> 01:11:46,760
FINALLY, I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT

2161
01:11:46,760 --> 01:11:48,560
THAT WE AS RESEARCHERS AND

2162
01:11:48,560 --> 01:11:49,600
CLINICIANS HAVE DONE A LOT OF

2163
01:11:49,600 --> 01:11:51,880
HARM TO THE LGBTQIA COMMUNITY,

2164
01:11:51,880 --> 01:11:53,800
AND WE HAVE A LOT OF WORK TO DO

2165
01:11:53,800 --> 01:11:56,600
IN REBUILDING TRUST.

2166
01:11:56,600 --> 01:11:59,280
AND SOME INITIAL STEPS IN THAT

2167
01:11:59,280 --> 01:12:00,360
DIRECTION INVOLVE REALLY WANTING

2168
01:12:00,360 --> 01:12:03,320
TO MAINTAIN YOUTH

2169
01:12:03,320 --> 01:12:04,080
CONFIDENTIALITY.

2170
01:12:04,080 --> 01:12:05,600
SO SOMETIMES THIS MEANS ALLOWING

2171
01:12:05,600 --> 01:12:06,600
YOUTH TO PARTICIPATE WITHOUT

2172
01:12:06,600 --> 01:12:09,440
PARENT AND GUARDIAN CONSENT AND

2173
01:12:09,440 --> 01:12:10,360
I'M HAPPY TO ANSWER QUESTIONS

2174
01:12:10,360 --> 01:12:11,600
ABOUT THAT TO MAKE SURE THEY

2175
01:12:11,600 --> 01:12:13,680
FEEL COMFORTABLE AND SAFE

2176
01:12:13,680 --> 01:12:15,560
DISCLOSING THINGS LIKE THEIR

2177
01:12:15,560 --> 01:12:18,920
QUEER I' IDENTITIES AND THOUGHTS

2178
01:12:18,920 --> 01:12:22,960
ABOUT SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS.

2179
01:12:22,960 --> 01:12:24,240
 -- WHEN THEY'RE REPORTING

2180
01:12:24,240 --> 01:12:25,400
THINGS LIKE SUICIDE RISK AND AT

2181
01:12:25,400 --> 01:12:26,680
THE SAME TIME THAT WE DON'T

2182
01:12:26,680 --> 01:12:27,760
OVERFUNNEL THESE YOUTH INTO

2183
01:12:27,760 --> 01:12:28,840
SYSTEMS WHERE THEY MIGHT BE

2184
01:12:28,840 --> 01:12:29,920
HARMED BY PEOPLE THAT DON'T KNOW

2185
01:12:29,920 --> 01:12:32,040
HOW TO PROVIDE AFFIRMING CARE

2186
01:12:32,040 --> 01:12:34,000
AND WHERE THERE JUST AREN'T NUSS

2187
01:12:34,000 --> 01:12:35,960
SYSTEMS IN PLACE TO KEEP PEOPLE

2188
01:12:35,960 --> 01:12:37,800
FROM RECEIVING MORE I'D-BASED

2189
01:12:37,800 --> 01:12:39,520
HARM THAT THEY ALREADY HAVE IN

2190
01:12:39,520 --> 01:12:40,120
THEIR EVERYDAY LIVES.

2191
01:12:40,120 --> 01:12:41,520
SO WITH THAT, ONCE THESE INITIAL

2192
01:12:41,520 --> 01:12:43,280
STEPS ARE TAKEN, I WANT TO

2193
01:12:43,280 --> 01:12:44,520
HIGHLIGHT A FEW ADDITIONAL AREAS

2194
01:12:44,520 --> 01:12:45,480
FOR RESEARCH THAT I THINK WOULD

2195
01:12:45,480 --> 01:12:46,680
BE REALLY EXCITING AND

2196
01:12:46,680 --> 01:12:47,320
IMPORTANT.

2197
01:12:47,320 --> 01:12:48,760
SO FIRST AND FOREMOST, IT'S

2198
01:12:48,760 --> 01:12:49,840
PRIDE MONTH.

2199
01:12:49,840 --> 01:12:53,160
MOST RESEARCH UNFORTUNATELY ON

2200
01:12:53,160 --> 01:12:54,800
LGBTQ YOUTH SUICIDE FOCUSES ON

2201
01:12:54,800 --> 01:12:56,520
RISK FACTORS AND NEGATIVE

2202
01:12:56,520 --> 01:12:57,920
OUTCOMES, AND YET THERE ARE SO

2203
01:12:57,920 --> 01:13:01,240
MANY DIFFERENT EXPERIENCES OF

2204
01:13:01,240 --> 01:13:03,080
RESILIENCE AND WONDERFUL PRIDE

2205
01:13:03,080 --> 01:13:04,360
AND RELATIONSHIPS, ET CETERA,

2206
01:13:04,360 --> 01:13:05,800
THAT MAKE UP THE EXPERIENCES OF

2207
01:13:05,800 --> 01:13:07,560
OUR QUEER YOUTH, AND RESEARCH IN

2208
01:13:07,560 --> 01:13:09,920
THIS AREA REALLY NEEDS TO LOOK

2209
01:13:09,920 --> 01:13:12,880
AT THOSE FACTORS IN PARTICULAR

2210
01:13:12,880 --> 01:13:14,320
AS POTENTIAL PROMOTIVE FACTORS

2211
01:13:14,320 --> 01:13:15,800
THAT HELP REDUCE NEGATIVE

2212
01:13:15,800 --> 01:13:16,640
OUTCOMES.

2213
01:13:16,640 --> 01:13:17,320
ADDITIONALLY, IT'S IMPORTANT AS

2214
01:13:17,320 --> 01:13:18,800
WE WERE JUST HEARING ABOUT NOT

2215
01:13:18,800 --> 01:13:20,440
TO JUST FOCUS ON AN INDIVIDUAL

2216
01:13:20,440 --> 01:13:23,600
LEVEL BUT ON THESE INTERPERSONAL

2217
01:13:23,600 --> 01:13:25,040
AND STRUCTURAL FACTORS THAT WILL

2218
01:13:25,040 --> 01:13:27,160
HELP HIGHLIGHT TO LGBTQIA YOUTH

2219
01:13:27,160 --> 01:13:28,200
THAT WE KNOW IT'S NOT THEIR

2220
01:13:28,200 --> 01:13:29,000
PROBLEM THAT'S LEADING TO HIGH

2221
01:13:29,000 --> 01:13:31,160
RATES OF SUICIDE, BUT INSTEAD SO

2222
01:13:31,160 --> 01:13:33,440
MANY OF THE DISKR DISCRIMINATORY

2223
01:13:33,440 --> 01:13:34,640
POLICIES AND VICTIMIZATION

2224
01:13:34,640 --> 01:13:38,320
THEY'RE FACING EVERY -- IN THEIR

2225
01:13:38,320 --> 01:13:39,320
EVERYDAY LIVES.

2226
01:13:39,320 --> 01:13:40,320
ADDITIONALLY WE KNOW THERE ARE

2227
01:13:40,320 --> 01:13:42,080
HUGE DIFFERENCES ACROSS

2228
01:13:42,080 --> 01:13:43,720
DIFFERENT SEXUALITIES AND

2229
01:13:43,720 --> 01:13:44,720
DIFFERENT GENDERS IN TERMS OF

2230
01:13:44,720 --> 01:13:46,880
THE EXPERIENCES OF RISK AND

2231
01:13:46,880 --> 01:13:48,520
RESILIENCE THAT THEY FACE IN

2232
01:13:48,520 --> 01:13:50,720
EVERYDAY LIFE AND MOREOVER THAT

2233
01:13:50,720 --> 01:13:52,320
SEXUALITY AND GENDER ARE NOT THE

2234
01:13:52,320 --> 01:13:54,360
ONLY IDENTITIES, THAT THERE ARE

2235
01:13:54,360 --> 01:13:55,320
IMPORTANT INTERSECTIONS WITH

2236
01:13:55,320 --> 01:13:56,800
RACE AND ETHNICITY AND

2237
01:13:56,800 --> 01:13:58,160
DISABILITY AND SOCIOECONOMIC

2238
01:13:58,160 --> 01:14:00,440
STATUS, SO A GREAT POSSIBLE WHEN

2239
01:14:00,440 --> 01:14:03,040
RESEARCHERS ARE POWERED TO DO

2240
01:14:03,040 --> 01:14:04,560
SO, THAT THERE ARE OTHER

2241
01:14:04,560 --> 01:14:05,800
MEASURES OF IDENTITIES AND TO

2242
01:14:05,800 --> 01:14:11,680
LOOK AT HOW DIFFERENT -- MAY --

2243
01:14:11,680 --> 01:14:13,760
FINALLY THERE'S SO MUCH POWER

2244
01:14:13,760 --> 01:14:14,760
INVOLVED IN LIVED EXPERIENCE.

2245
01:14:14,760 --> 01:14:20,480
SO WHAT I WOULD LOVE TO SEE --

2246
01:14:20,480 --> 01:14:21,960
YOUTH -- AND IN PARTICULAR

2247
01:14:21,960 --> 01:14:23,320
LGBTQIA YOUTH AND QUEER AND

2248
01:14:23,320 --> 01:14:24,440
TRANS YOUTH OF COLOR TO MAKE

2249
01:14:24,440 --> 01:14:26,800
SURE THAT OUR RESEARCH IS

2250
01:14:26,800 --> 01:14:28,440
ACTUALLY RELEVANT TO THEM, THAT

2251
01:14:28,440 --> 01:14:30,440
WE'RE ANSWERING QUESTIONS, WE'RE

2252
01:14:30,440 --> 01:14:31,720
INTERESTED AND NOT USING

2253
01:14:31,720 --> 01:14:33,800
MEASURES HARMFUL, AND THAT WE'RE

2254
01:14:33,800 --> 01:14:35,240
INTERPRETING AND DISSEMINATING

2255
01:14:35,240 --> 01:14:36,800
TO THOSE MOST INTERESTED

2256
01:14:36,800 --> 01:14:38,840
HELPING, WHICH IS LGBTQIA YOUTH.

2257
01:14:38,840 --> 01:14:43,360
I LISTED A WHOLE BUNCH OF THINGS

2258
01:14:43,360 --> 01:14:45,320
I DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO TALK

2259
01:14:45,320 --> 01:14:46,080
ABOUT.

2260
01:14:46,080 --> 01:14:47,880
IT'S AN HONOR TO CHAT WITH YOU

2261
01:14:47,880 --> 01:14:48,840
ALL, AND HAPPY PRIDE.

2262
01:14:48,840 --> 01:14:55,600
[APPLAUSE]

2263
01:14:55,600 --> 01:14:58,280
>>THANK YOU, DR. FOX.

2264
01:14:58,280 --> 01:15:00,120
SO IN THE INTEREST OF TIME, I'M

2265
01:15:00,120 --> 01:15:02,120
GOING TO ASK THE SPEAKERS WHO

2266
01:15:02,120 --> 01:15:04,320
ARE IN THE ROOM TO COME UP TO

2267
01:15:04,320 --> 01:15:06,600
THE STAGE HERE.

2268
01:15:06,600 --> 01:15:10,000
SO THAT WE CAN HAVE MAYBE A

2269
01:15:10,000 --> 01:15:13,160
LITTLE QUESTION AP ANSWER TIME.

2270
01:15:13,160 --> 01:15:13,280
 AND ANSWER TIME.

2271
01:15:13,280 --> 01:15:14,960
MY FIRST QUESTION IS TO

2272
01:15:14,960 --> 01:15:15,600
DR. VEAL.

2273
01:15:15,600 --> 01:15:16,680
JUST WANT TO AGAIN SAY THANK YOU

2274
01:15:16,680 --> 01:15:19,040
TO DR. VEAL AND DR. FOX AND

2275
01:15:19,040 --> 01:15:20,080
DR. POWELL AND ALL THE

2276
01:15:20,080 --> 01:15:23,160
PRESENTERS THERS THAT VIRTUALLYE

2277
01:15:23,160 --> 01:15:24,680
THEIR PRESENTATIONS TO AN

2278
01:15:24,680 --> 01:15:25,560
OUTSTANDING SYMPOSIUM THAT WE

2279
01:15:25,560 --> 01:15:28,800
HAD THIS AFTERNOON.

2280
01:15:28,800 --> 01:15:30,680
AND THE FIRST QUESTION IS FOR

2281
01:15:30,680 --> 01:15:31,400
DR. VEAL.

2282
01:15:31,400 --> 01:15:33,200
BASED ON YOUR LIVED EXPERIENCES,

2283
01:15:33,200 --> 01:15:34,200
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS FOR

2284
01:15:34,200 --> 01:15:36,160
SUSTAINING AN INSTITUTIONAL

2285
01:15:36,160 --> 01:15:37,440
COMMITMENT TO NURTURE A

2286
01:15:37,440 --> 01:15:39,640
WELCOMING AND INCLUSIVE

2287
01:15:39,640 --> 01:15:41,440
ENVIRONMENT FOR LGBTQ MEDICAL

2288
01:15:41,440 --> 01:15:43,160
STUDENTS?

2289
01:15:43,160 --> 01:15:46,480
>>YEAH.

2290
01:15:46,480 --> 01:15:47,680
ACTUALLY I TOUCHED ON THIS A

2291
01:15:47,680 --> 01:15:50,680
LITTLE BIT IN MY PAPER, "WE BURN

2292
01:15:50,680 --> 01:15:51,640
OUT, WE BREAK, WE DIE," REALLY

2293
01:15:51,640 --> 01:15:53,840
KIND OF EMPHASIZING THE FACT

2294
01:15:53,840 --> 01:15:57,760
THAT MEDICAL SCHOOLS SHOULD

2295
01:15:57,760 --> 01:15:58,760
AFFIRM THAT THEY ARE WILLING TO

2296
01:15:58,760 --> 01:15:59,680
DO WHATEVER IT TAKES TO MAKE

2297
01:15:59,680 --> 01:16:00,760
SURE THAT THAT STUDENT

2298
01:16:00,760 --> 01:16:02,320
GRADUATES.

2299
01:16:02,320 --> 01:16:04,920
YOU KNOW, NOW, IS THAT VERY

2300
01:16:04,920 --> 01:16:07,560
SPECIFIC FOR LGBTQ FOLKS IN MED

2301
01:16:07,560 --> 01:16:07,800
SCHOOL?

2302
01:16:07,800 --> 01:16:08,080
NO.

2303
01:16:08,080 --> 01:16:09,720
BUT I THINK THAT ONE OF THE

2304
01:16:09,720 --> 01:16:12,600
THINGS I FOUND VERY HELPFUL THAT

2305
01:16:12,600 --> 01:16:14,400
THE UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT DID DO

2306
01:16:14,400 --> 01:16:16,640
RIGHT WAS ENSURE THAT EVERYONE

2307
01:16:16,640 --> 01:16:19,560
OF ALL SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND --

2308
01:16:19,560 --> 01:16:21,400
I HAD ONE TRANS PERSON IN MY

2309
01:16:21,400 --> 01:16:22,960
CLASS WHICH CHANGED MY OUTLOOK

2310
01:16:22,960 --> 01:16:26,320
ON TRANS FOLKS ENTIRELY, MAKING

2311
01:16:26,320 --> 01:16:27,880
SURE THAT EVERY ACCOMMODATION IS

2312
01:16:27,880 --> 01:16:29,280
MADE THAT IS POSSIBLE, TO MAKE

2313
01:16:29,280 --> 01:16:30,520
SURE THAT EVERYONE FEELS SAFE

2314
01:16:30,520 --> 01:16:32,120
AND SECURE.

2315
01:16:32,120 --> 01:16:34,320
THAT INCLUDES HAVING, YOU KNOW,

2316
01:16:34,320 --> 01:16:36,160
NON-GENDER BATHROOMS, THAT

2317
01:16:36,160 --> 01:16:39,360
INCLUDES ALLOWING PEOPLE TO HAVE

2318
01:16:39,360 --> 01:16:42,000
THEIR PRONOUNCE ON THEIR BADGES.

2319
01:16:42,000 --> 01:16:43,400
IT CAN BE SMALL THINGS LIKE THAT

2320
01:16:43,400 --> 01:16:45,400
THAT I FEEL IS VERY AFFIRMING

2321
01:16:45,400 --> 01:16:48,040
AND VERY HELPFUL FOR ANYONE IN

2322
01:16:48,040 --> 01:16:49,000
THE COMMUNITY.

2323
01:16:49,000 --> 01:16:49,880
>>THANK YOU SO MUCH.

2324
01:16:49,880 --> 01:16:52,280
WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM THE

2325
01:16:52,280 --> 01:16:58,120
AUDIENCE.

2326
01:16:58,120 --> 01:17:00,840
>>[INAUDIBLE]

2327
01:17:00,840 --> 01:17:11,160
>>JUST A SECOND.

2328
01:17:21,480 --> 01:17:25,880
>>SO MY QUESTION FOR DR.
VEAL

2329
01:17:25,880 --> 01:17:28,280
IS, YOU SAID IN A SORT OF

2330
01:17:28,280 --> 01:17:29,880
PASSING OFF-HANDED WAY THAT YOU

2331
01:17:29,880 --> 01:17:33,800
WERE ENCOURAGED BY YOUR MENTORS

2332
01:17:33,800 --> 01:17:35,400
AS YOU WERE APPLYING FOR

2333
01:17:35,400 --> 01:17:38,920
RESIDENCIES NOT TO DISCLOSE YOUR

2334
01:17:38,920 --> 01:17:41,080
MENTAL HEALTH AND OTHER

2335
01:17:41,080 --> 01:17:42,280
CHALLENGES, AND I WANTED TO KNOW

2336
01:17:42,280 --> 01:17:43,600
IF YOU COULD MINE THAT A LITTLE

2337
01:17:43,600 --> 01:17:45,600
BIT, BECAUSE I THINK FOR, YOU

2338
01:17:45,600 --> 01:17:47,360
KNOW, A LOT OF US, THOSE KINDS

2339
01:17:47,360 --> 01:17:50,920
OF MOMENTS CAN BE AS INSTRUCTIVE

2340
01:17:50,920 --> 01:17:52,800
ABOUT WHERE YOU THINK THEY WERE

2341
01:17:52,800 --> 01:17:55,440
COMING FROM, WHETHER OR NOT YOU

2342
01:17:55,440 --> 01:17:57,640
THOUGHT THEY WERE LEGITIMATE

2343
01:17:57,640 --> 01:17:58,600
RISKS THEY THOUGHT THEY WERE

2344
01:17:58,600 --> 01:17:59,480
SAVING YOU FROM.

2345
01:17:59,480 --> 01:18:00,880
I KNOW WHEN I WAS APLAYING TO

2346
01:18:00,880 --> 01:18:02,560
GRADUATE SCHOOL, I WAS TOLD BY

2347
01:18:02,560 --> 01:18:05,200
MY MENTOR AS AN UNDERGRAD NOT TO

2348
01:18:05,200 --> 01:18:08,600
DISCLOSE MY GENDER -- MY SEXUAL

2349
01:18:08,600 --> 01:18:09,480
ORIENTATION BECAUSE, YOU KNOW,

2350
01:18:09,480 --> 01:18:11,240
IT'S A CONSERVATIVE PLACE, THEY

2351
01:18:11,240 --> 01:18:13,560
DON'T NEED TO KNOW YOU'RE GAY,

2352
01:18:13,560 --> 01:18:14,960
AND YOU KNOW, SHE WAS TRYING TO

2353
01:18:14,960 --> 01:18:15,840
HELP ME.

2354
01:18:15,840 --> 01:18:17,280
BUT I'M JUST WONDERING IF YOU

2355
01:18:17,280 --> 01:18:18,600
CAN SORT OF UNPACK THAT A LITTLE

2356
01:18:18,600 --> 01:18:18,800
BIT.

2357
01:18:18,800 --> 01:18:20,120
>>YEAH, I LOVE THAT
QUESTION.

2358
01:18:20,120 --> 01:18:23,760
THANK YOU FOR ANSWERING IT -- OR

2359
01:18:23,760 --> 01:18:26,240
ASKING IT.

2360
01:18:26,240 --> 01:18:31,280
SO I WILL SAY YES, I WAS

2361
01:18:31,280 --> 01:18:32,880
STRONGLY ENCOURAGED NOT TO TALK

2362
01:18:32,880 --> 01:18:36,720
ABOUT MY SUICIDE SNAFU IN MED

2363
01:18:36,720 --> 01:18:37,560
SCHOOL.

2364
01:18:37,560 --> 01:18:42,080
AND I UNDERSTAND WHY, CERTAINLY.

2365
01:18:42,080 --> 01:18:44,040
I WILL SAY, I WAS AT A POINT IN

2366
01:18:44,040 --> 01:18:46,960
MY LIFE WHERE I WAS JUST SAYING

2367
01:18:46,960 --> 01:18:48,520
F IT, HONESTLY.

2368
01:18:48,520 --> 01:18:50,800
I'M PROBABLY STILL THERE.

2369
01:18:50,800 --> 01:18:52,240
BUT -- WHICH I LOVE.

2370
01:18:52,240 --> 01:18:54,400
IT'S LIBERATING.

2371
01:18:54,400 --> 01:18:56,560
BUT THE FACT OF THE MATTER IS,

2372
01:18:56,560 --> 01:18:58,200
AND UNTIL THE CULTURE CHANGES,

2373
01:18:58,200 --> 01:18:59,240
THIS IS GOING TO CONTINUE TO BE

2374
01:18:59,240 --> 01:19:00,320
A PROBLEM, THIS IS SOMETHING WE

2375
01:19:00,320 --> 01:19:03,600
NEED TO WORK ON AS A MEDICAL

2376
01:19:03,600 --> 01:19:04,680
COMMUNITY.

2377
01:19:04,680 --> 01:19:09,000
IF YOU SHOW ANY SIGNS OF MINOR

2378
01:19:09,000 --> 01:19:09,880
IMPERFECTION, THEY'RE GOING TO

2379
01:19:09,880 --> 01:19:11,480
USE THAT AGAINST YOU WHEN IT

2380
01:19:11,480 --> 01:19:13,680
COMES TO, YOU KNOW, GETTING A

2381
01:19:13,680 --> 01:19:14,880
PLACE OF RESIDENCY.

2382
01:19:14,880 --> 01:19:17,520
I DO BELIEVE OUR SCARS MAKE US

2383
01:19:17,520 --> 01:19:19,720
BETTER PEOPLE.

2384
01:19:19,720 --> 01:19:22,960
I BELIEVE THAT THE STORIES THAT

2385
01:19:22,960 --> 01:19:25,040
WE TELL AS THE THEME OF MY TALK

2386
01:19:25,040 --> 01:19:26,480
WAS, THE POWER OF THE WOWBDED

2387
01:19:26,480 --> 01:19:33,120
HEWOWOF THE WOUNDEDHEALER, I DOS

2388
01:19:33,120 --> 01:19:34,440
GREAT POWER IN SHARING OUR

2389
01:19:34,440 --> 01:19:36,440
STORIES AND WHAT WE'VE OVERCOME.

2390
01:19:36,440 --> 01:19:38,360
UNFORTUNATELY WHEN IT COMES TO

2391
01:19:38,360 --> 01:19:40,040
RESIDENCY PROGRAMS, I DID NOT

2392
01:19:40,040 --> 01:19:41,560
MATCH WHEN I APPLIED FOR

2393
01:19:41,560 --> 01:19:42,320
RESIDENCY.

2394
01:19:42,320 --> 01:19:43,200
I SCRAMBLE NEIGHBORHOOD A

2395
01:19:43,200 --> 01:19:44,520
PROGRAM AND I LOVE MY PROGRAM,

2396
01:19:44,520 --> 01:19:46,640
I'M VERY HAPPY WHERE I AM, BUT

2397
01:19:46,640 --> 01:19:48,360
DID MY DISCLOSURE OF THAT HAVE

2398
01:19:48,360 --> 01:19:50,000
AN IMPACT ON ME GETTING

2399
01:19:50,000 --> 01:19:50,440
RESIDENCY?

2400
01:19:50,440 --> 01:19:51,680
IT PROBABLY DID.

2401
01:19:51,680 --> 01:19:52,680
IT PROBABLY DID.

2402
01:19:52,680 --> 01:19:55,840
AND SO I CAN'T BE ENTIRELY MAD

2403
01:19:55,840 --> 01:19:57,800
AT MY ADVISOR THAT, YOU KNOW,

2404
01:19:57,800 --> 01:19:58,880
THEY GAVE ME THAT

2405
01:19:58,880 --> 01:19:59,800
RECOMMENDATION, BECAUSE THEY MAY

2406
01:19:59,800 --> 01:20:01,000
HAVE BEEN RIGHT.

2407
01:20:01,000 --> 01:20:03,160
THAT BEING SAID, I DO NOT CARE.

2408
01:20:03,160 --> 01:20:04,680
IF AN ORGANIZATION WAS NOT GOING

2409
01:20:04,680 --> 01:20:07,640
TO ACCEPT ME FOR WHO I AM, AND

2410
01:20:07,640 --> 01:20:09,920
THE STORY THAT I HAD TO TELL,

2411
01:20:09,920 --> 01:20:11,160
THEN THEY DON'T DESERVE ME.

2412
01:20:11,160 --> 01:20:12,600
THAT'S JUST PLAIN AND SIMPLE.

2413
01:20:12,600 --> 01:20:14,680
THE PLACE I WOUND UP AT DID

2414
01:20:14,680 --> 01:20:16,200
APPRECIATE ME FOR WHO I WAS AND

2415
01:20:16,200 --> 01:20:18,360
THEY ALLOWED ME TO GROW.

2416
01:20:18,360 --> 01:20:20,120
AND I'M DOING THINGS I NEVER

2417
01:20:20,120 --> 01:20:23,520
IMAGINED DOING, INCLUDING BEING

2418
01:20:23,520 --> 01:20:25,600
A PEER REVIEW -- PEOPLE, BASED

2419
01:20:25,600 --> 01:20:26,720
ON THE FACT THAT I WAS

2420
01:20:26,720 --> 01:20:29,440
SUPPORTED, NO MATTER WHAT.

2421
01:20:29,440 --> 01:20:34,160
HOPE THAT ANSWERS SOME QUESTION.

2422
01:20:34,160 --> 01:20:36,320
>>THANK YOU FOR THAT
QUESTION.

2423
01:20:36,320 --> 01:20:41,240
AND I HAVE A QUESTION FOR

2424
01:20:41,240 --> 01:20:43,000
DR. FOX.

2425
01:20:43,000 --> 01:20:44,200
WHAT ARE THE TWO CRITICAL

2426
01:20:44,200 --> 01:20:45,280
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN

2427
01:20:45,280 --> 01:20:47,040
DEVELOPING SELF-HARM AND SUICIDE

2428
01:20:47,040 --> 01:20:49,560
PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR

2429
01:20:49,560 --> 01:20:52,400
LGBTQYOUTH?

2430
01:20:52,400 --> 01:20:54,680
WHAT ARE TWO CRITICAL.

2431
01:20:54,680 --> 01:20:56,520
NOT JUST -- ONE OR TWO CRITICAL

2432
01:20:56,520 --> 01:21:03,400
FACTORS TO CONSIDER.

2433
01:21:03,400 --> 01:21:08,560
>>SO I THINK ONE OF THE
MOST

2434
01:21:08,560 --> 01:21:10,200
CRITICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER IS

2435
01:21:10,200 --> 01:21:12,240
THAT WE KNOW THAT MOST YOUTH ARE

2436
01:21:12,240 --> 01:21:13,920
NOT ACCESSING TRADITIONAL FORMS

2437
01:21:13,920 --> 01:21:16,200
OF INTERVENTION, AND SO THINKING

2438
01:21:16,200 --> 01:21:17,440
ABOUT CREATIVE WAYS TO REACH

2439
01:21:17,440 --> 01:21:19,160
YOUTH WHERE THEY ARE WHEN

2440
01:21:19,160 --> 01:21:19,920
DISSEMINATING THESE

2441
01:21:19,920 --> 01:21:21,560
INTERVENTIONS IS INCREDIBLY

2442
01:21:21,560 --> 01:21:24,040
IMPORTANT, AND REDUCING BARRIERS

2443
01:21:24,040 --> 01:21:25,320
TO RECEIVING THOSE

2444
01:21:25,320 --> 01:21:25,720
INTERVENTIONS.

2445
01:21:25,720 --> 01:21:27,600
AND THEN SECOND OF ALL, FOR

2446
01:21:27,600 --> 01:21:28,720
LGBTQIA YOUTH IN PARTICULAR, I

2447
01:21:28,720 --> 01:21:30,920
MENTIONED THAT ISSUE OF

2448
01:21:30,920 --> 01:21:31,880
CONFIDENTIALITY AND RISK

2449
01:21:31,880 --> 01:21:32,400
MANAGEMENT.

2450
01:21:32,400 --> 01:21:34,440
I THINK THAT IT IS SO IMPORTANT

2451
01:21:34,440 --> 01:21:36,240
THAT YES, WE ARE ASSESSING FOR

2452
01:21:36,240 --> 01:21:37,680
RISK AND WE ARE TRIAGING FOLKS

2453
01:21:37,680 --> 01:21:40,640
TO CARE WHEN IT'S NEEDED, AND

2454
01:21:40,640 --> 01:21:41,760
THAT WE'RE INCREDIBLY

2455
01:21:41,760 --> 01:21:42,640
TRANSPARENT ABOUT THOSE

2456
01:21:42,640 --> 01:21:44,600
PROCESSES TO BEGIN WITH, SO THAT

2457
01:21:44,600 --> 01:21:46,720
WE'RE NOT DOING SOMETHING THAT

2458
01:21:46,720 --> 01:21:47,920
SOMEBODY DIDN'T NECESSARILY KNOW

2459
01:21:47,920 --> 01:21:50,000
WAS GOING TO HAPPEN WHEN THEY

2460
01:21:50,000 --> 01:21:51,080
DISCLOSE, AND THAT WE'RE ALSO

2461
01:21:51,080 --> 01:21:52,960
BEING CAREFUL IN NOT

2462
01:21:52,960 --> 01:21:54,120
OVERTRIAGING WHEN IT'S NOT

2463
01:21:54,120 --> 01:21:55,040
NECESSARY TO DO SO, BECAUSE

2464
01:21:55,040 --> 01:21:56,040
THOSE KINDS OF EXPERIENCES MAKE

2465
01:21:56,040 --> 01:21:57,320
IT REALLY HARD FOR YOUTH TO

2466
01:21:57,320 --> 01:21:58,520
TRUST YOU AS PROVIDERS AND TO

2467
01:21:58,520 --> 01:21:59,520
CONTINUE TO COME BACK AND

2468
01:21:59,520 --> 01:22:01,240
DISCLOSE TO FOLKS WHEN THEY NEED

2469
01:22:01,240 --> 01:22:03,160
THAT CARE.

2470
01:22:03,160 --> 01:22:06,160
>>THANK YOU SO MUCH, DR.
FOX.

2471
01:22:06,160 --> 01:22:09,280
I JUST WANT TO -- IN CLOSING, I

2472
01:22:09,280 --> 01:22:11,040
WANT TO THANK ALL OF THE PEOPLE

2473
01:22:11,040 --> 01:22:14,320
THAT PARTICIPATED IN THE EVENT

2474
01:22:14,320 --> 01:22:19,680
VIRTUALLY AND IN PERSON.

2475
01:22:19,680 --> 01:22:21,760
AS -- BECAUSE IT TAKES A VILLAGE

2476
01:22:21,760 --> 01:22:24,400
TO PUT ON A PRODUCTION LIKE

2477
01:22:24,400 --> 01:22:26,080
THIS, AND ONE OTHER THING I

2478
01:22:26,080 --> 01:22:27,480
WANTED TO MENTION TO THE

2479
01:22:27,480 --> 01:22:30,480
AUDIENCE IS THAT THERE'S AN

2480
01:22:30,480 --> 01:22:31,680
UPCOMING OFFICE OF DISPARITIES

2481
01:22:31,680 --> 01:22:33,520
RESEARCH AND WORKFORCE DIVERSITY

2482
01:22:33,520 --> 01:22:35,160
SEXUAL GENDER MINORITY WEBINAR

2483
01:22:35,160 --> 01:22:38,240
THAT'S GOING TO BE HELD ON

2484
01:22:38,240 --> 01:22:44,240
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2ND FROM 12:3D

2485
01:22:44,240 --> 01:22:45,040
"ADVANCING MENTAL HEALTH

2486
01:22:45,040 --> 01:22:48,400
RESEARCH FOCUSED ON BISEXUAL

2487
01:22:48,400 --> 01:22:49,960
PLUS PEOPLE THROUGH AN

2488
01:22:49,960 --> 01:22:51,360
INTERSECTIONAL LENS."

2489
01:22:51,360 --> 01:22:53,160
AND THERE'S THE WEBSITE HERE FOR

2490
01:22:53,160 --> 01:22:56,840
THOSE OF YOU ON THE SCREEN.

2491
01:22:56,840 --> 01:22:59,160
SO I THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR

2492
01:22:59,160 --> 01:23:00,000
COMING AND 

2493
01:23:00,000 --> 01:23:02,840
MAKING YOURSELF AVAILABLE TO THE

2494
01:23:02,840 --> 01:23:04,400
AUDIENCE THAT'S IN HOUSE, AS

2495
01:23:04,400 --> 01:23:05,880
WELL AS THOSE OF YOU VIRTUALLY,

2496
01:23:05,880 --> 01:23:07,440
AND TO OUR SPEAKERS.

2497
01:23:07,440 --> 01:23:09,680
JUST A ROUND OF APPLAUSE.

2498
01:23:09,680 --> 00:00:00,000
[APPLAUSE]