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GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYONE.

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ACTUALLY I WANT TO WELCOME

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EVERYONE TO THE 148TH MEETING OF

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THE NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL ON

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DRUG ABUSE.

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THIS IS THE OPEN SESSION, AND

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THE GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE

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ACT AND THE FEDERAL ADVISORY

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COMMITTEE HAS REQUIRED THAT AS

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MANY ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETINGS

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AS POSSIBLE BE OPEN TO THE

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PUBLIC.

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THIS INCLUDES MEETINGS OF THE

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NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL ON

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DRUG ABUSE.

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TODAY'S MEETING IS OPEN TO THE

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PUBLIC AND IS BEING VIDEOCAST

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AND RECORDED.

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BEFORE I GO INTO THE ITEMS OF

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TODAY'S SESSION, I DO WANT TO

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ACKNOWLEDGE AND THANK YOU ALL

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FOR BEING HERE AND YOUR

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PARTICIPATION OND COUNCIL BUT I

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ALSO WANT ALL OF US TO

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ACKNOWLEDGE THAT TODAY IS

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SEPTEMBER 11TH, A VERY IMPACTFUL

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DAY IN TERMS OF WHAT IT MEANS,

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AND I DON'T BELIEVE IT IS

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IMPORTANT TO NOT FORGET THE

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HISTORICAL EVENTS AND  THE CON

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QENSES IN A WAY THAT IT CAN

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MOTIVATE US, INCENTIVIZE US TO

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WORK TOGETHER TO AVOID THESE

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SITUATIONS FROM HAPPENING IN THE

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PAST.

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MANY PEOPLE LOST THEIR LIVES AND

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MANY IN THE EVENT OF

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SEPTEMBER 11 AND THEN ON

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SUBSEQUENT DOWNSTREAM EFFECTS

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FROM SEPTEMBER 11TH.

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AND AGAIN, MY THOUGHTS GO TO ALL

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OF THOSE THAT WHO HAVE LOST A

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FAMILY OR FRIEND AND ALL OF

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THOSE LIVES THAT WE'VE ALL LOST

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BECAUSE OF THIS EVENT.

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NOW I'M GOING TO GO INTO THE

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FORMAL PART AND IS THIS WHERE I

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ASK YOU IF YOU HAVE ANY COMMENTS

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OR YOU WANT TO MAKE CORRECTIONS

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OR EDITS TO MINUTES FROM THE MA.

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A COPY OF THE MEETING WAS MADE

52
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AVAILABLE ON YOUR ELECTRONIC

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00:01:52,739 --> 00:01:58,579
COUNCIL BOOKS UNDER THE NIDA

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CURRENT COUNCIL PACK.

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ANY COMMENTS, ANYONE?

56
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NO?

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MOTION TO VOTE?

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SECOND?

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EVERYONE?

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ANYONE OPPOSED?

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ANYONE ABSTAIN?

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THEN THE MOTION IS CARRIED TO

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APPROVAL OF THE -- NO, THAT'S

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JUST THE MEETINGS.

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THEN I PASS IT ON TO YOU.

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>> SO I'M ALSO GOING TO
ASK FOR

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A VOTE ON THE OPERATING

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PROCEDURES.

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THESE WERE ALSO IN YOUR

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00:02:31,712 --> 00:02:32,779
ELECTRONIC COUNCIL BOOK, AND WE

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NEED TO GET THEM APPROVED BY YOU

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ON A YEARLY BASIS.

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THERE ARE NO CHANGES THAT WERE

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MADE SINCE OUR LAST OPERATING

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COUNCIL OPERATING PROCEDURES

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WERE REVIEWED.

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CAN I GET A VOTE TO APPROVE?

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COMMENTS, DECLINES, ANYTHING?

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OKAY.

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THESE ARE APPROVED.

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THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

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>> NOW I WANT TO ANNOUNCE
THE

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FUTURE COUNCIL DATES, WHICH ARE

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GOING TO BE ON FEBRUARY 4TH,

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2025.

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THEN ON MAY 13 AND ON MAY 14,

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2025.

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THIS IS WHEN WE DO THE COUNCIL

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ALSO WITH THE NATIONAL

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INSTITUTES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE AND

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ALCOHOLISM COUNCIL GROUP.

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[RECORDING IN PROGRESS]

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THE THIRD MEETING NEXT YEAR IS

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GOING TO BE ON SEPTEMBER 9,

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2025.

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THEN I CAN JUMP INTO MY

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DIRECTOR'S REPORT.

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IT'S ALWAYS ACTUALLY TRYING TO

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FIGURE OUT WHAT ARE THE MOST

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SALIENT THINGS THAT I WANT TO

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BRING TO THE ATEP THE ATTENTIONF

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COUNCIL, AND IT FORCES ME TO

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THINKING WHAT ARE ASPECTS THAT

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ARE VERY RELEVANT IN TERMS OF

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PRIORITIES, WHAT ARE ASPECTS

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THAT ARE CONCERNING AND THAT WE

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NEED ATTENTION IN AREAS THAT WE

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REALLY DIRECTLY NEED YOUR INPUT

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TO HELP THEM ADVANCE.

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00:04:00,400 --> 00:04:03,036
SO THAT IS WHAT'S GUIDING THE

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00:04:03,036 --> 00:04:04,471
DECISION OF MY PRESENTATIONS.

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00:04:04,471 --> 00:04:07,874
NORMALLY I GIVE YOU AN UPDATE OF

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00:04:07,874 --> 00:04:09,409
THE ADVANCES ON THE BRAIN

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INITIATIVE, BECAUSE IT IS SO

115
00:04:11,211 --> 00:04:12,679
VERY CONSEQUENTIAL TO WHAT WE DO

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AS A NEUROSCIENCE INSTITUTE, BUT

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WE'RE GOING TO HAVE THE DIRECTOR

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OF THE BRAIN, DR. JOHN NGAI,

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GIVE A PRESENTATION THIS

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AFTERNOON, SO HE WILL GIVE YOU

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MORE DETAILS.

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I'M NOT GOING TO TAKE TIME TO DO

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THAT, EXCEPT TO SAY THAT IT HAS

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TOTALLY TRANSFORMED THE WHOLE

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FIELD OF NEUROSCIENCE AND IN THE

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PROCESS, ADVANCE OUR KNOWLEDGE

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ABOUT HOW THE BRAIN WORKS.

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WITH RESPECT TO BUDGETS, OUR

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BUDGET FOR 2024 AND 2025 ARE

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BASICALLY ALMOST IDENTICAL, AND

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YOU CAN SEE THAT OUR OPERATING

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BUDGET VERSUS THE ONE THAT IS

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2025 FOR THE PRESIDENT'S BUDGET.

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AND THERE ARE -- I DIVI DIVIDEDE

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BASE DOLLARS THAT COME TO NIDA

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AND THEN THE DOLLARS THAT COME

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TO NIDA THAT ARE UNDER THE HEAL

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HEADING.

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AND THE HEAL HEADING IS MONEY

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THAT CONGRESS ALLOCATED IN ORDER

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TO ADDRESS THE OVERDOSE CRISIS.

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SO IT'S ASSOCIATED WITH A

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GREATER EXPECTATION OF

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ACCELERATING SCIENCE THAT CAN

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LEAD TO ACTUALLY SOLUTIONS THAT

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CAN PREVENT THE OVERDOSE CRISIS

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THAT ARE LEADING.

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IT CONTAINS TWO COMPONENTS OF

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HEAL DOLLARS ALLOCATED BY

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CONGRESS.

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ALMOST HALF OF IT GOES TO NIDA

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WITH RESPECT TO TRY TO I FOCUS N

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ISSUES THAT ARE MORE DIRECT TO

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THE OPIATE USE DISORDERS AND

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OVERDOSES, AND CLOSE TO HALF IT

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GOES TO THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE

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OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND

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STROKES TO ADDRESS THE ENORMOUS

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NEED FOR UNDERSTANDING PAIN AND

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DEVELOPING ALTERNATIVE

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TREATMENTS.

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WHICH OBVIOUSLY CERTAINLY WAS

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ONE OF THE FACTORS THAT

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INITIATED THE OVERDOSE CRISIS

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THAT WE CURRENTLY HAVE.

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THERE ARE MULTIPLE INSTITUTES

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THAT PARTNER BOTH WITH NIDA AND

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NINDS TO ACTUALLY BRING THEIR

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EXPERTISE AND PARTICIPATE IN THE

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OVERSIGHT OF THE PROGRAMS AND IN

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SELECTION OF THE PROGRAMS THAT

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ARE ACTUALLY MOVED FORWARD UNDER

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THIS BUDGET.

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TOTAL BUDGETS FOR 2025 IS

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EXPECTED TO BE AT

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$1,668,000,343.

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THAT'S BASICALLY A FLAT BUDGET,

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AND IT HAS ALSO NOT BEEN

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INCREASED VERY MUCH SINCE 2023.

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THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE THE

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COST OF DOING SCIENCE ARE GOING

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UP, SO EVEN THOUGH WE ARE NOT

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SEEING A DECREASE, IT IS

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ACTUALLY THAT DOLLAR AMOUNT IS

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GIVING US LESS OPPORTUNITY, IT'S

186
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MORE RESTRICTIVE IN TERMS OF THE

187
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MAGNITUDE OF THE SCIENCE WE CAN

188
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DO, THE PROJECTS THAT WE CAN

189
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FUND.

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BUT ALSO IT SORT OF HIGHLIGHTS

191
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WHY WE HAVE TO BE STRATEGIC, WHY

192
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WE HAVE TO TAKE EVERY UTMOST

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OPPORTUNITY THAT WE HAVE TO

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AVOID REPLICATING PROGRAMS WHEN

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THEY ARE NOT NECESSARY, AND TO

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MAXIMIZE THE LIKELIHOOD THAT WE

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TAKE ADVANTAGE OF OTHER

198
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND PROJECTS THAT

199
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MAY BE ONGOING IN ORDER TO

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00:07:15,095 --> 00:07:18,565
ADVANCE OUR MISSION.

201
00:07:18,565 --> 00:07:23,003
THIS IS JUST AGAIN A REMINDER OF

202
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THE ORGANIZATION OF NIDA, WHICH

203
00:07:27,340 --> 00:07:29,676
IS ACTUALLY DIVIDED TO IN BLUE

204
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THE INITIATIVES AND IN RED, THE

205
00:07:31,878 --> 00:07:33,346
MORE SCIENTIFIC BASED

206
00:07:33,346 --> 00:07:36,049
OPERATIONS, AND WE HAVE FOUR AND

207
00:07:36,049 --> 00:07:39,419
FOUR BRACKETS IN EACH ONE OF

208
00:07:39,419 --> 00:07:41,288
THEM.

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00:07:41,288 --> 00:07:44,891
WE ARE LOOKING FOR DIRECTORS OF

210
00:07:44,891 --> 00:07:45,892
DIVISIONS OR CENTERS, AND THAT

211
00:07:45,892 --> 00:07:48,562
IS NOT THE CASE.

212
00:07:48,562 --> 00:07:50,931
WE HAVE FILLED THEM, EXCEPT THAT

213
00:07:50,931 --> 00:07:53,633
WE ARE -- IT IS WITH A VERY

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00:07:53,633 --> 00:07:54,768
SADDENED HEART THAT I HAVE TO

215
00:07:54,768 --> 00:07:56,903
TELL EVERYONE THAT BOTH

216
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DR. BETTY TAI AND DR. RITA

217
00:07:58,605 --> 00:07:59,472
VALENTINO HAVE ANNOUNCED THAT

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THEY WANT TO RETIRE AT THE END

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OF THE YEAR.

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FOR ME, THIS IS DEVASTATING NEWS

221
00:08:05,245 --> 00:08:09,749
BECAUSE IT'S ACTUALLY -- THEIR

222
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PERFORMANCE HAS BEEN STELLAR AND

223
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OUTSTANDING.

224
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I UNDERSTAND OBVIOUSLY A LOT OF

225
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PEOPLE SORT OF PUT THAT

226
00:08:19,192 --> 00:08:23,230
STATEMENT BUT THE REALITY IS

227
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THAT THEIR ABSENCE WILL BE FELT

228
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AT NIDA.

229
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THERE ARE MANY THINGS THAT

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DR. BETTY TAI BROUGHT TO NIDA,

231
00:08:32,505 --> 00:08:33,873
DIRECTOR OF THE CLINICAL CENTER

232
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FOR TRIAL NETWORK AND AS I WORK

233
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TO PICK UP PERHAPS THE MOST

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SALIENT, SHE WAS ABLE TO

235
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ORGANIZE AND CONVENE HEALTHCARE

236
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SYSTEMS TO ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE

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IN RESEARCH THAT CAN HELP

238
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TRANSLATE THE TREATMENT OF

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SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER,

240
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SCREENING OF SUBSTANCE USE

241
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DISORDER INTO THE HEALTHCARE

242
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SYSTEM.

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00:08:58,565 --> 00:09:00,267
THIS IS MUCH MORE EASIER DONE

244
00:09:00,267 --> 00:09:02,902
THAN ACTUALLY DO IT, BUT THESE

245
00:09:02,902 --> 00:09:05,705
ARE THE WORK THAT HAS COME OUT

246
00:09:05,705 --> 00:09:08,041
OF HER ABILITY TO BRING PIs

247
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FROM MULTIPLE ACADEMIC CENTERS

248
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IN PARTNERSHIP WITH SPECIALISTS

249
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ON ADDICTION HAS MADE THIS

250
00:09:15,715 --> 00:09:16,082
POSSIBLE.

251
00:09:16,082 --> 00:09:17,884
AND NOW WE KNOW I'M GOING TO BE

252
00:09:17,884 --> 00:09:21,521
HIGHLIGHTING A COUPLE OF THE

253
00:09:21,521 --> 00:09:22,489
VERY IMPORTANT ADVANCES THAT

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00:09:22,489 --> 00:09:26,793
HAVE BEEN DONE IN THIS SPACE,

255
00:09:26,793 --> 00:09:28,662
BUT WE NOW RECOGNIZE IN MANY

256
00:09:28,662 --> 00:09:29,529
HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS, THEY

257
00:09:29,529 --> 00:09:31,931
ACTUALLY ARE PROACTIVELY ENGAGED

258
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IN THE TREATMENT OF SUBSTANCE

259
00:09:32,599 --> 00:09:37,771
USE DISORDERS AND PREVENTION.

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OF COURSE MUCH MORE CAN BE DONE

261
00:09:39,105 --> 00:09:40,874
BUT SHE HAS MADE THIS POSSIBLE.

262
00:09:40,874 --> 00:09:44,911
SO I DO WANT TO THANK BETTY FOR

263
00:09:44,911 --> 00:09:45,578
EVERYTHING THAT SHE HAS BROUGHT

264
00:09:45,578 --> 00:09:50,717
TO THE JOB, AND I KNOW KNOWING

265
00:09:50,717 --> 00:09:52,085
ABOUT HER COMMITMENT AND PASSION

266
00:09:52,085 --> 00:09:53,787
FOR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER THAT

267
00:09:53,787 --> 00:09:55,822
WE CAN ALWAYS COUNT ON HER

268
00:09:55,822 --> 00:09:59,492
WISDOM, EXPERIENCE, AND

269
00:09:59,492 --> 00:10:01,027
SUGGESTIONS.

270
00:10:01,027 --> 00:10:03,997
THE OTHER IS DR. RITA VALENTINO.

271
00:10:03,997 --> 00:10:06,466
RITA HAS ALSO TRANSFORMED OUR

272
00:10:06,466 --> 00:10:11,371
DIVISION OF NEUROSCIENCE AND

273
00:10:11,371 --> 00:10:12,305
BEHAVIOR.

274
00:10:12,305 --> 00:10:14,107
SHE'S ACTUALLY ACCELERATED THE

275
00:10:14,107 --> 00:10:17,444
SCIENCE AND THE COMPLEXITY OF

276
00:10:17,444 --> 00:10:21,348
THE SCIENCE, THAT FUNDING, AND

277
00:10:21,348 --> 00:10:23,083
MANY THINGS SHE HAS HELPED

278
00:10:23,083 --> 00:10:23,383
MATERIALIZE.

279
00:10:23,383 --> 00:10:24,818
I WOULD SAY PERHAPS ONE OF THE

280
00:10:24,818 --> 00:10:27,320
THINGS THAT I VALUE THE MOST IS

281
00:10:27,320 --> 00:10:31,658
HER ABILITY TO CREATE MEANINGFUL

282
00:10:31,658 --> 00:10:32,459
PARTNERSHIP WITH OTHER

283
00:10:32,459 --> 00:10:34,627
ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTES AND

284
00:10:34,627 --> 00:10:36,463
CERTAINLY HER KEY ROLE AS PART

285
00:10:36,463 --> 00:10:37,931
OF BRAIN TO ENSURE AND

286
00:10:37,931 --> 00:10:39,733
PROACTIVELY ENSURE THAT RESEARCH

287
00:10:39,733 --> 00:10:43,002
THAT IS FUNDED THROUGH NIDA TAKE

288
00:10:43,002 --> 00:10:44,571
ADVANTAGES OF ALL OF THE

289
00:10:44,571 --> 00:10:46,973
ADVANCES THAT HAVE COME ACROSS

290
00:10:46,973 --> 00:10:48,708
BECAUSE OF BRAIN.

291
00:10:48,708 --> 00:10:53,947
SO THIS IS JUST A SHORT SUMMARY

292
00:10:53,947 --> 00:10:55,482
ABOUT WHY THESE TWO INCREDIBLE

293
00:10:55,482 --> 00:10:57,083
LEADERS HAVE MADE SUCH AN

294
00:10:57,083 --> 00:11:00,720
ENORMOUS CONTRIBUTION TO NIDA,

295
00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:01,354
AND OF COURSE MORE IMPORTANTLY

296
00:11:01,354 --> 00:11:02,222
TO THE FIELD.

297
00:11:02,222 --> 00:11:05,625
AND SO YES, I WILL MISS THEM.

298
00:11:05,625 --> 00:11:06,960
BUT WE'RE STARTING A SEARCH,

299
00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:10,630
WE'VE STARTED ACTUALLY THE

300
00:11:10,630 --> 00:11:11,531
SEARCH FOR BOTH OF THESE

301
00:11:11,531 --> 00:11:15,268
POSITIONS.

302
00:11:15,268 --> 00:11:17,804
I USUALLY START MY PRESENTATION

303
00:11:17,804 --> 00:11:20,540
IN TERMS OF HIGHLIGHTING TWO OF

304
00:11:20,540 --> 00:11:21,908
THE LARGEST PROJECTS THAT WE

305
00:11:21,908 --> 00:11:24,811
HAVE, WHICH ARE THE ABCD AND THE

306
00:11:24,811 --> 00:11:25,345
HBCD.

307
00:11:25,345 --> 00:11:27,414
BUT BEFORE I JUMP INTO IT, AND

308
00:11:27,414 --> 00:11:31,551
PARTICULARLY BECAUSE I DO HAVE

309
00:11:31,551 --> 00:11:34,754
HERE THE SLIDES IN RECOGNITION

310
00:11:34,754 --> 00:11:36,022
OF DR. RITA VALENTINO AND

311
00:11:36,022 --> 00:11:37,090
EVERYTHING THAT SHE HAS DONE, I

312
00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:41,828
DO WANT TO HIGHLIGHT VERY, VERY

313
00:11:41,828 --> 00:11:42,929
CLEARLY, YES, WE ARE

314
00:11:42,929 --> 00:11:46,866
HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF

315
00:11:46,866 --> 00:11:48,101
TRANSLATION AND TREATMENT BUT

316
00:11:48,101 --> 00:11:48,968
WE'RE ALSO HIGHLIGHTING THE

317
00:11:48,968 --> 00:11:50,470
IMPORTANCE OF BASIC FUNDAMENTAL

318
00:11:50,470 --> 00:11:55,175
SCIENCE, AND IN OUR CASE, THIS

319
00:11:55,175 --> 00:11:56,409
IS VERY MUCH INTO THE

320
00:11:56,409 --> 00:11:58,478
NEUROSCIENCE WITH ALL OF ITS

321
00:11:58,478 --> 00:11:59,612
BRANCHES INCLUDING GENETICS OR

322
00:11:59,612 --> 00:12:00,113
PHARMACOLOGY.

323
00:12:00,113 --> 00:12:02,048
WITHOUT THAT BASIC KNOWLEDGE, WE

324
00:12:02,048 --> 00:12:04,584
WOULDN'T BE ABLE TO ADVANCE OR

325
00:12:04,584 --> 00:12:05,919
ACTUALLY IF WE ADVANCE, IT WOULD

326
00:12:05,919 --> 00:12:08,121
BE MUCH LOWER, AND SO I DO WANT

327
00:12:08,121 --> 00:12:13,126
TO SORT OF -- I DON'T WANT TO

328
00:12:13,126 --> 00:12:14,527
SPEND TIME OR BELABOR THAT

329
00:12:14,527 --> 00:12:16,329
BECAUSE I'M FOCUSING VERY MUCH

330
00:12:16,329 --> 00:12:17,230
INTO THE OVERDOSE CRISIS AND

331
00:12:17,230 --> 00:12:18,765
OTHER PATTERNS OF DRUG USE, BUT

332
00:12:18,765 --> 00:12:20,133
AT THE ESSENCE OF OUR

333
00:12:20,133 --> 00:12:22,068
UNDERSTANDING WHAT THIS MEANS

334
00:12:22,068 --> 00:12:26,339
AND HOW WE NEED TO MOVE FORWARD

335
00:12:26,339 --> 00:12:29,242
IS THAT BASIC NEUROSCIENCE

336
00:12:29,242 --> 00:12:30,844
THAT'S BEHIND IT.

337
00:12:30,844 --> 00:12:31,811
SO WHERE ARE WE WITH THE

338
00:12:31,811 --> 00:12:32,745
ADOLESCENT BRAIN COGNITIVE

339
00:12:32,745 --> 00:12:33,746
DEVELOPMENT?

340
00:12:33,746 --> 00:12:37,717
IF STUDY WTHIS STUDY STARTED INS

341
00:12:37,717 --> 00:12:38,751
EIGHT YEARS OLD SO WHAT DOES

342
00:12:38,751 --> 00:12:40,086
THAT MEAN, WAS THAT THE FIRST

343
00:12:40,086 --> 00:12:41,421
CHILDREN WHICH WERE 9 TO 10 AT

344
00:12:41,421 --> 00:12:43,122
THAT TIME WHEN THEY WERE

345
00:12:43,122 --> 00:12:43,723
INITIALLY ENROLLED.

346
00:12:43,723 --> 00:12:44,958
SOME OF THEM ARE REACHING THE

347
00:12:44,958 --> 00:12:48,828
AGE OF 18.

348
00:12:48,828 --> 00:12:52,398
IT'S CLOSE TO 12,000 CHILDREN

349
00:12:52,398 --> 00:12:54,300
THAT WERE RECRUITED INTO THE

350
00:12:54,300 --> 00:12:58,037
ABCD, AND WE HAVE 96% RETENTION

351
00:12:58,037 --> 00:12:58,505
EIGHT YEARS LATER.

352
00:12:58,505 --> 00:13:01,541
AND I WANT YOU TO THINK ABOUT

353
00:13:01,541 --> 00:13:02,008
IT.

354
00:13:02,008 --> 00:13:03,009
THIS IS NOT AUTOMATIC.

355
00:13:03,009 --> 00:13:05,245
I DON'T KNOW OF ANY OTHER STUDY

356
00:13:05,245 --> 00:13:07,146
THAT I KNOW OF THAT HAS GOT THAT

357
00:13:07,146 --> 00:13:10,850
LEVEL OF RETENTION, PARTICULARLY

358
00:13:10,850 --> 00:13:12,619
WHEN IT'S SUCH AN EXTRAORDINARY

359
00:13:12,619 --> 00:13:13,286
COMPLEX STUDY.

360
00:13:13,286 --> 00:13:14,921
NOT ONLY ARE WE EVALUATING THE

361
00:13:14,921 --> 00:13:17,090
BRAIN WITH A BATTERY OF TESTS OF

362
00:13:17,090 --> 00:13:18,525
THESE CHILDREN AS THEY ARE

363
00:13:18,525 --> 00:13:20,159
DEVELOPING FROM CHILDREN INTO

364
00:13:20,159 --> 00:13:22,462
YOUNG ADULTS, BUT WE ARE

365
00:13:22,462 --> 00:13:24,230
PERIODICALLY ASSESSING THEIR

366
00:13:24,230 --> 00:13:25,832
BEHAVIORS, THEIR COGNITION,

367
00:13:25,832 --> 00:13:28,568
THEIR SOCIAL NETWORKS, AND WITH

368
00:13:28,568 --> 00:13:34,874
INFORMATION THAT ALSO PERTAINED

369
00:13:34,874 --> 00:13:37,243
TO -- A GREAT THREAT TO

370
00:13:37,243 --> 00:13:38,211
SOCIOECONOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

371
00:13:38,211 --> 00:13:40,046
THAT WE KNOW AND BEEN

372
00:13:40,046 --> 00:13:41,080
INCREASINGLY RECOGNIZING SINCE

373
00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:42,849
THE COVID PANDEMIC THAT ARE

374
00:13:42,849 --> 00:13:44,117
VERY, VERY IMPORTANT IN

375
00:13:44,117 --> 00:13:44,384
OUTCOMES.

376
00:13:44,384 --> 00:13:46,085
FOR US IN SUBSTANCE USE

377
00:13:46,085 --> 00:13:48,288
DISORDER, THIS IS CLEAR, AND

378
00:13:48,288 --> 00:13:49,622
WE'VE KNOWN IT FROM

379
00:13:49,622 --> 00:13:51,357
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES THAT

380
00:13:51,357 --> 00:13:54,294
SOCIAL ADVERSE EVENTS,

381
00:13:54,294 --> 00:13:55,061
PARTICULARLY CHILDHOOD

382
00:13:55,061 --> 00:13:56,262
EXPERIENCES ARE ONE OF THE MAIN

383
00:13:56,262 --> 00:13:57,697
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE RISK

384
00:13:57,697 --> 00:13:59,432
OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION.

385
00:13:59,432 --> 00:14:02,201
AND YES, WE DO CHARACTERIZE

386
00:14:02,201 --> 00:14:03,403
ADDICTION AS A DISEASE OF THE

387
00:14:03,403 --> 00:14:05,872
BRAIN, BUT WE ALSO

388
00:14:05,872 --> 00:14:07,640
CHARACTERIZE -- AND THIS IS NOT

389
00:14:07,640 --> 00:14:08,942
EXCLUSIVE -- AS A DISEASE THAT

390
00:14:08,942 --> 00:14:10,143
IS SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCED BY

391
00:14:10,143 --> 00:14:10,810
OUR ENVIRONMENTS.

392
00:14:10,810 --> 00:14:12,478
JUST AS WE CAN LOOK AT OTHER

393
00:14:12,478 --> 00:14:15,381
DISEASES THAT HAVE VERY NEGATIVE

394
00:14:15,381 --> 00:14:16,583
CONSEQUENCES AS DIABETES OR

395
00:14:16,583 --> 00:14:20,520
OBESE IT, ITY, ALL OF THOSE MAYE

396
00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:23,056
STRONG GENETIC COMPONENTS BUT

397
00:14:23,056 --> 00:14:24,490
THERE ARE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT

398
00:14:24,490 --> 00:14:25,124
FACTORS IN THE ENVIRONMENT THAT

399
00:14:25,124 --> 00:14:26,659
ARE MAKING THEM POSSIBLE.

400
00:14:26,659 --> 00:14:31,364
SO THE ABCD, 96% RETENTION.

401
00:14:31,364 --> 00:14:34,233
HOW SUCCESSFUL IT HAS BEEN, I

402
00:14:34,233 --> 00:14:38,271
WOULD SAY I IT'S PROBABLY ONE OF

403
00:14:38,271 --> 00:14:40,139
THE MOST IMPACTFUL STUDIES EVER

404
00:14:40,139 --> 00:14:42,208
DONE IN ILLUMINATING HOW THE

405
00:14:42,208 --> 00:14:43,943
HUMAN BRAIN DEVELOPS, AND NOT

406
00:14:43,943 --> 00:14:46,779
JUST IN GENERAL TERMS ON

407
00:14:46,779 --> 00:14:48,781
AVERAGE, BUT WE ARE GETTING

408
00:14:48,781 --> 00:14:50,083
INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTAL

409
00:14:50,083 --> 00:14:51,184
TRAJECTORIES.

410
00:14:51,184 --> 00:14:52,719
SO THIS GIVES US THE OPPORTUNITY

411
00:14:52,719 --> 00:14:55,221
TO UNDERSTAND, WHY DO THESE

412
00:14:55,221 --> 00:14:55,989
TRAJECTORIES DIFFER?

413
00:14:55,989 --> 00:14:58,758
WHY DO WE OBSERVE DIFFERENCE AND

414
00:14:58,758 --> 00:15:01,327
ADVANTAGES IN PERFORMANCE FOR

415
00:15:01,327 --> 00:15:05,732
CERTAIN CHILDREN AND NOT FOR

416
00:15:05,732 --> 00:15:08,401
OTHERS.

417
00:15:08,401 --> 00:15:09,902
HOW DO SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS

418
00:15:09,902 --> 00:15:10,770
CONTRIBUTE TO THAT?

419
00:15:10,770 --> 00:15:12,905
AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT HAS

420
00:15:12,905 --> 00:15:14,574
BEEN MADE THE STORY SUCCESSFUL,

421
00:15:14,574 --> 00:15:16,542
WHICH I ACTUALLY AM INCREDIBLY

422
00:15:16,542 --> 00:15:17,844
GRATEFUL FOR THE LEADERSHIP

423
00:15:17,844 --> 00:15:20,546
BEHIND IT, WHICH ACTUALLY YOU'VE

424
00:15:20,546 --> 00:15:25,284
HEARD ME SPEAK ABOUT HER,

425
00:15:25,284 --> 00:15:28,254
DR. GAYA DALIN, AND SHE HAS

426
00:15:28,254 --> 00:15:29,422
PRESENTED TO YOU AND HER TEAM

427
00:15:29,422 --> 00:15:34,427
AND INCLUDING SUSAN WEISS, SO

428
00:15:34,427 --> 00:15:35,228
THE MANAGEMENT HAS BEEN CRUCIAL

429
00:15:35,228 --> 00:15:36,529
FOR THAT, THE DEPTH AND VOLUME

430
00:15:36,529 --> 00:15:37,797
OF THE INVESTIGATORS TO ENSURE

431
00:15:37,797 --> 00:15:38,665
THAT THE IMPORTANT INFORMATION

432
00:15:38,665 --> 00:15:41,567
IS COLLECTED AND THEIR LOYALTY

433
00:15:41,567 --> 00:15:42,635
TOWARDS THE SUBJECTS AND OF

434
00:15:42,635 --> 00:15:44,404
COURSE THE PARTICIPANTS.

435
00:15:44,404 --> 00:15:46,673
BUT I ALSO THINK THAT A KEY

436
00:15:46,673 --> 00:15:48,808
COMPONENT THAT LED TO BE SO

437
00:15:48,808 --> 00:15:50,276
SUCCESSFUL IS FROM THE

438
00:15:50,276 --> 00:15:51,611
INCEPTION, AND WE HAVE MEETINGS

439
00:15:51,611 --> 00:15:54,080
TO DISCUSS IT WITH

440
00:15:54,080 --> 00:15:56,015
INVESTIGATORS, AND THIS WAS NOT

441
00:15:56,015 --> 00:15:56,983
OBVIOUS AT THE TIME, THERE WERE

442
00:15:56,983 --> 00:15:58,751
PEOPLE THAT WERE AGAINST IT.

443
00:15:58,751 --> 00:16:01,220
WE WANTED TO OPEN ACCESS.

444
00:16:01,220 --> 00:16:03,256
NOT ONLY DID WE WANT OPEN ACCESS

445
00:16:03,256 --> 00:16:05,258
IN MAKING THE DATA AVAILABLE FOR

446
00:16:05,258 --> 00:16:06,726
ANYONE WHO WANTS TO STUDY A

447
00:16:06,726 --> 00:16:07,794
RESEARCH QUESTION IN IT, BUT WE

448
00:16:07,794 --> 00:16:11,097
WANTED TO MAKE IT IN A WAY THAT

449
00:16:11,097 --> 00:16:12,298
IT IS ACCESSIBLE.

450
00:16:12,298 --> 00:16:14,534
SO WHEN WE SPEAK ABOUT DATA

451
00:16:14,534 --> 00:16:15,768
SCIENCE AND OPEN DATA SCIENCE,

452
00:16:15,768 --> 00:16:16,936
YOU CAN MAKE THAT DATA OUT THERE

453
00:16:16,936 --> 00:16:18,738
AND SAY IT'S OPEN ACCESS, BUT IT

454
00:16:18,738 --> 00:16:19,972
IS VERY, VERY DIFFICULT TO

455
00:16:19,972 --> 00:16:21,240
NAVIGATE.

456
00:16:21,240 --> 00:16:23,910
SO IT IS NOT NEITHER AUTOMATIC

457
00:16:23,910 --> 00:16:25,978
THAT YOU CAN HAVE A DATASET AND

458
00:16:25,978 --> 00:16:27,814
PEOPLE ARE GOING TO BE USING IT.

459
00:16:27,814 --> 00:16:29,082
AND THAT HAS NOT BEEN THE CASE

460
00:16:29,082 --> 00:16:31,784
FOR THE ABCD.

461
00:16:31,784 --> 00:16:33,419
BASICALLY THE THEME HAS BEEN

462
00:16:33,419 --> 00:16:35,154
VERY PROACTIVE TO ENSURE THAT

463
00:16:35,154 --> 00:16:38,024
THE DATA THAT IS BEING COLLECTED

464
00:16:38,024 --> 00:16:39,559
IS DEPOSITED AS FREQUENTLY AS

465
00:16:39,559 --> 00:16:41,194
POSSIBLE.

466
00:16:41,194 --> 00:16:45,465
WE HAVE GLITCHES IN THE PROCESS

467
00:16:45,465 --> 00:16:47,133
BECAUSE OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THE

468
00:16:47,133 --> 00:16:48,568
DATASET AND THE FACT THAT

469
00:16:48,568 --> 00:16:49,268
REPOSITORIES MAY NOT HAVE HAD

470
00:16:49,268 --> 00:16:50,069
THE FLEXIBILITY TO TAKE

471
00:16:50,069 --> 00:16:51,170
ADVANTAGE OF IT WHICH HAVE

472
00:16:51,170 --> 00:16:52,705
DELAYED SOME OF THE RELEASES.

473
00:16:52,705 --> 00:16:54,774
BUT THE SUCCESSES COME IN TERMS

474
00:16:54,774 --> 00:16:56,709
OF HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE WORKING

475
00:16:56,709 --> 00:17:01,280
WITH THESE DATA AND IN 2024, WE

476
00:17:01,280 --> 00:17:04,250
REACHED MORE THAN A THOUSAND

477
00:17:04,250 --> 00:17:05,818
PUBLICATIONS, AND YOU SEE IN

478
00:17:05,818 --> 00:17:07,019
YELLOW, THE PUBLICATIONS THAT

479
00:17:07,019 --> 00:17:08,955
COME FROM INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE

480
00:17:08,955 --> 00:17:12,158
NOT PART OF THE ABCD, AND THE

481
00:17:12,158 --> 00:17:13,292
PURPLE ONES ARE FROM

482
00:17:13,292 --> 00:17:14,360
INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE IN THE

483
00:17:14,360 --> 00:17:14,827
ABCD.

484
00:17:14,827 --> 00:17:16,295
AND THIS TELLS YOU THAT WE'VE

485
00:17:16,295 --> 00:17:18,164
SUCCEEDED ON MAKING THIS DATA

486
00:17:18,164 --> 00:17:21,033
ACCESSIBLE TO INVESTIGATORS THAT

487
00:17:21,033 --> 00:17:22,869
MAY DON'T HAVE THE KNOWLEDGE OR

488
00:17:22,869 --> 00:17:25,538
FULL DETAILS OF THE STORY.

489
00:17:25,538 --> 00:17:29,876
SO -- AND THAT INCENTIVIZED

490
00:17:29,876 --> 00:17:30,543
INNOVATION AT MULTIPLE LEVELS,

491
00:17:30,543 --> 00:17:32,278
NOT JUST IN TERMS OF

492
00:17:32,278 --> 00:17:34,147
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BRAIN

493
00:17:34,147 --> 00:17:35,448
DEVELOPMENT AND WE'RE GETTING

494
00:17:35,448 --> 00:17:43,222
INTO THE AGE OF RISK OR DRUG

495
00:17:43,222 --> 00:17:46,392
TAKING, THE DRUGS, I MEAN HOW

496
00:17:46,392 --> 00:17:47,794
THAT DRUG CONSUMPTION AFFECT THE

497
00:17:47,794 --> 00:17:49,228
BRAIN AND HOW THAT IS INFLUENCED

498
00:17:49,228 --> 00:17:50,763
BY FACTORS IN YOUR ENVIRONMENT,

499
00:17:50,763 --> 00:17:52,265
HOW IT'S INFLUENCED BY YOUR

500
00:17:52,265 --> 00:17:53,332
GENETICS AND HOW WE CAN USE THIS

501
00:17:53,332 --> 00:17:56,235
DATA AS POTENTIAL FOR BIOMARKERS

502
00:17:56,235 --> 00:17:57,970
TO IDENTIFY THOSE THAT MAY BE AT

503
00:17:57,970 --> 00:17:59,138
HIGHER RISK.

504
00:17:59,138 --> 00:18:00,173
TREMENDOUS VALUE FOR MENTAL

505
00:18:00,173 --> 00:18:01,741
HEALTH, AND THERE ARE MULTIPLE,

506
00:18:01,741 --> 00:18:04,043
MULTIPLE GRANTS THAT HAVE

507
00:18:04,043 --> 00:18:06,212
EMERGED TO DO SECONDARY

508
00:18:06,212 --> 00:18:07,113
ANALYSIS.

509
00:18:07,113 --> 00:18:10,550
FUNDED BY ALCOHOL INSTITUTE OR

510
00:18:10,550 --> 00:18:12,118
BASICALLY MULTIPLE, MULTIPLE

511
00:18:12,118 --> 00:18:18,591
INSTITUTES, SO IT IS JUST BEEN

512
00:18:18,591 --> 00:18:19,625
INCREDIBLY IMPACTFUL.

513
00:18:19,625 --> 00:18:20,927
WE OPENED THIS YEAR THE NIH

514
00:18:20,927 --> 00:18:24,330
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT COHORTS, A

515
00:18:24,330 --> 00:18:25,565
BIOSPECIMEN ACCESS PROGRAM SO

516
00:18:25,565 --> 00:18:27,166
THIS WILL ALLOW RESEARCHERS TO

517
00:18:27,166 --> 00:18:32,672
REQUEST WHETHER IT IS SL SALIVA,

518
00:18:32,672 --> 00:18:34,540
BLOOD, TEETH OR HAIR, TO BE ABLE

519
00:18:34,540 --> 00:18:36,175
TO ANALYZE AND INCLUDE IT WITH

520
00:18:36,175 --> 00:18:37,577
THE DATA THAT WE ARE COLLECTING

521
00:18:37,577 --> 00:18:38,711
AND PHENOTYPING.

522
00:18:38,711 --> 00:18:41,180
FINALLY AS I MENTIONED, WE HAD

523
00:18:41,180 --> 00:18:43,182
SOME GLITCHES IN TERMS OF HAVING

524
00:18:43,182 --> 00:18:44,617
TO REMOVE THE REPOSITORY FROM

525
00:18:44,617 --> 00:18:48,788
THE DATA FROM THE ABCD TO OUT OF

526
00:18:48,788 --> 00:18:51,324
THE NIH, AND SO NOW IT IS --

527
00:18:51,324 --> 00:18:54,660
THAT HAS DELAYED RELEASE IN

528
00:18:54,660 --> 00:18:56,929
2024, AND IS GOING TO -- AND

529
00:18:56,929 --> 00:19:01,901
CERTAINLY TO DELAY IT ALSO FROM

530
00:19:01,901 --> 00:19:02,501
2023.

531
00:19:02,501 --> 00:19:03,936
I HAVE VERY STRONG CONFIDENCE

532
00:19:03,936 --> 00:19:05,171
THAT THE DATA WILL BECOME

533
00:19:05,171 --> 00:19:07,139
AVAILABLE AT THE BEGINNING OF

534
00:19:07,139 --> 00:19:08,641
2025, AND THE SAME PLATFORM

535
00:19:08,641 --> 00:19:11,410
WOULD BE UTILIZED FOR THE HBCD,

536
00:19:11,410 --> 00:19:13,012
WHICH IS THE SECOND BIG STORY

537
00:19:13,012 --> 00:19:14,981
THAT I WANT YOU TO ACTUALLY GIVE

538
00:19:14,981 --> 00:19:18,718
YOU AN UPDATE, THE HEALTHY BRAIN

539
00:19:18,718 --> 00:19:19,685
AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT STUDY,

540
00:19:19,685 --> 00:19:21,087
WHICH WAS LAUNCHED A LITTLE BIT

541
00:19:21,087 --> 00:19:22,588
MORE THAN ONE YEAR, ONE YEAR AND

542
00:19:22,588 --> 00:19:24,624
TWO MONTHS AGO.

543
00:19:24,624 --> 00:19:28,027
IT PERTAINS TO 7,000

544
00:19:28,027 --> 00:19:29,295
PARTICIPANTS THAT BASICALLY ARE

545
00:19:29,295 --> 00:19:30,997
PREGNANT WOMEN OR INFANTS, AND

546
00:19:30,997 --> 00:19:33,666
TO MONITOR FOR NINE IT 10 YEARS,

547
00:19:33,666 --> 00:19:37,403
U10 --NINE TO 10 YEARS, UNTIL TT

548
00:19:37,403 --> 00:19:38,404
INTO ADOLESCENCE.

549
00:19:38,404 --> 00:19:42,541
THIS PROGRAM HAD BA BASICALLY BN

550
00:19:42,541 --> 00:19:47,013
LED VERY ABLY BY MICHELLE -- I'M

551
00:19:47,013 --> 00:19:54,921
BLOCKING ON HER NAME -- MICHELLE

552
00:19:54,921 --> 00:19:56,088
FREUND, AND SHE LEFT AND SHE

553
00:19:56,088 --> 00:19:58,291
WENT TO NEW YORK, SO WE OPENED

554
00:19:58,291 --> 00:20:00,626
UP A SEARCH FOR A NEW DIRECTOR,

555
00:20:00,626 --> 00:20:04,997
AND WE'RE VERY HAPPY TO ANNOUNCE

556
00:20:04,997 --> 00:20:09,335
DR. CHRISTOPHER SARAMPOTE WHO

557
00:20:09,335 --> 00:20:11,504
ACTUALLY COMES FROM NIMH WHO

558
00:20:11,504 --> 00:20:16,375
ACCEPTED THAT JOB AS DIRECTOR

559
00:20:16,375 --> 00:20:19,812
AND NOW WE HAVE 2,000

560
00:20:19,812 --> 00:20:20,713
PARTICIPANTS THAT HAVE BEEN

561
00:20:20,713 --> 00:20:21,047
ENROLLED.

562
00:20:21,047 --> 00:20:22,882
THE STUDY IS FUNDED BY DOLLARS

563
00:20:22,882 --> 00:20:24,984
THAT COME FROM HEAL, MORE OF

564
00:20:24,984 --> 00:20:26,485
LESS HALF OF IT, AND OTHER HALF

565
00:20:26,485 --> 00:20:30,723
COMES FROM OTHER INSTITUTES.

566
00:20:30,723 --> 00:20:32,191
A VERY SIGNIFICANT PORTION DOES

567
00:20:32,191 --> 00:20:35,695
COME FROM NIDA, AND ONE OF THE

568
00:20:35,695 --> 00:20:37,930
AIMS OF WHY IT IS ALSO UNDER THE

569
00:20:37,930 --> 00:20:41,934
HEAL FUNDING IS WE'RE TRYING TO

570
00:20:41,934 --> 00:20:43,202
UNDERSTAND WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS

571
00:20:43,202 --> 00:20:45,738
OF EXPOSURE TO OPIOID OR OTHER

572
00:20:45,738 --> 00:20:47,239
DRUGS DURING FETAL DEVELOPMENT,

573
00:20:47,239 --> 00:20:49,041
AND HOW THAT AFFECTS

574
00:20:49,041 --> 00:20:49,709
TRAJECTORIES.

575
00:20:49,709 --> 00:20:51,544
THIS IS SOMETHING THAT IS

576
00:20:51,544 --> 00:20:54,380
NECESSARY TO UNDERSTAND.

577
00:20:54,380 --> 00:20:56,582
AND HOW THE OTHER SOCIAL

578
00:20:56,582 --> 00:20:58,117
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH THAT ARE

579
00:20:58,117 --> 00:21:02,288
ASSOCIATED WITH SUBSTANCE USE

580
00:21:02,288 --> 00:21:04,023
ALSO DOWNSTREAM INFLUENCE THOSE

581
00:21:04,023 --> 00:21:05,358
TRAJECTORIES.

582
00:21:05,358 --> 00:21:07,727
SO 25% OF THE SAMPLE, WE'RE

583
00:21:07,727 --> 00:21:09,462
AIMING TO HAVE PRENATAL

584
00:21:09,462 --> 00:21:12,298
SUBSTANCE USE EXPOSURE, AND AS

585
00:21:12,298 --> 00:21:13,833
OF NOW, WE ARE CLOSE TO THAT

586
00:21:13,833 --> 00:21:17,803
GOAL, AND YOU SEE THE NUMBERS OF

587
00:21:17,803 --> 00:21:19,372
PREGNANT WOMEN THAT HAVE HAD

588
00:21:19,372 --> 00:21:20,973
EXPOSURE TO DIFFERENT DRUGS.

589
00:21:20,973 --> 00:21:25,311
OPIOIDS, TOBACCO, -- AND

590
00:21:25,311 --> 00:21:25,644
ALCOHOL.

591
00:21:25,644 --> 00:21:26,946
THE MOST FREQUENTLY USED

592
00:21:26,946 --> 00:21:28,314
SUBSTANCES ARE TOBACCO,

593
00:21:28,314 --> 00:21:30,483
MARIJUANA AND ALCOHOL.

594
00:21:30,483 --> 00:21:33,319
AND ONE OF THE AREAS THAT WE'RE

595
00:21:33,319 --> 00:21:34,653
LAGGING BEHIND IS IN OPIOIDS,

596
00:21:34,653 --> 00:21:36,188
BECAUSE WE'RE AIMING TO ACTUALLY

597
00:21:36,188 --> 00:21:39,125
RECRUIT AT LEAST 15% OF THE

598
00:21:39,125 --> 00:21:43,195
SAMPLE WITH EXPOSURES TO OPIOIDS

599
00:21:43,195 --> 00:21:43,763
DURING PREGNANCY.

600
00:21:43,763 --> 00:21:45,364
WE NEED TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO

601
00:21:45,364 --> 00:21:48,000
ACTUALLY REACH OUT TO

602
00:21:48,000 --> 00:21:49,635
COMMUNITIES THAT MAY NOT

603
00:21:49,635 --> 00:21:52,471
NORMALLY SEEK OUT HELP BECAUSE

604
00:21:52,471 --> 00:21:54,573
OF THE FEAR OF PUNITIVE MEASURES

605
00:21:54,573 --> 00:21:58,577
IF THEY ARE CONTAINED -- THEY

606
00:21:58,577 --> 00:21:59,812
ARE PREGNANT AND THEY ARE TAKING

607
00:21:59,812 --> 00:22:00,312
DRUGS.

608
00:22:00,312 --> 00:22:03,416
SO THIS IS A COMPLEX STUDY WITH

609
00:22:03,416 --> 00:22:06,252
A LOT OF ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS,

610
00:22:06,252 --> 00:22:08,120
SO WE ARE DOING THESE WITH

611
00:22:08,120 --> 00:22:09,989
TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF OVERSIGHT.

612
00:22:09,989 --> 00:22:11,190
THE THIRD STUDY I HAVEN'T

613
00:22:11,190 --> 00:22:13,159
BROUGHT TO YOUR ATTENTION BUT I

614
00:22:13,159 --> 00:22:14,727
ACTUALLY THINK IT IS TIME YOU'RE

615
00:22:14,727 --> 00:22:23,536
AWARE OF IT, IS THE PATH

616
00:22:23,536 --> 00:22:25,104
POPULATION ASSESSMENT OF TOBACCO

617
00:22:25,104 --> 00:22:26,038
AND HEALTH.

618
00:22:26,038 --> 00:22:27,339
THIS IS A NATIONALLY

619
00:22:27,339 --> 00:22:28,140
REPRESENTATIVE LONGITUDINAL

620
00:22:28,140 --> 00:22:30,643
STUDY OF TOBACCO USE, ITS

621
00:22:30,643 --> 00:22:32,711
DETERMINANTS AND IMPACTS IN

622
00:22:32,711 --> 00:22:33,179
NON-INSTITUTIONALIZED

623
00:22:33,179 --> 00:22:34,380
POPULATIONS AGE 12 AND OLDER.

624
00:22:34,380 --> 00:22:37,550
IT STARTED IN 2013 WITH OVER

625
00:22:37,550 --> 00:22:38,084
40,000 PARTICIPANTS.

626
00:22:38,084 --> 00:22:39,318
THIS PROJECT WAS DEVELOPED BOTH

627
00:22:39,318 --> 00:22:41,253
BY THE FDA AND NIH WITH

628
00:22:41,253 --> 00:22:46,192
ASSISTANCE FROM WESTAT AND WEST

629
00:22:46,192 --> 00:22:48,627
TAD SCIENTIFIC PARTNERS.

630
00:22:48,627 --> 00:22:50,329
IT HAS BEEN PREDOMINANTLY FUNDED

631
00:22:50,329 --> 00:22:54,767
BY THE FDA CENTER FOR TOBACCO

632
00:22:54,767 --> 00:22:58,270
PRODUCTS, CTP.

633
00:22:58,270 --> 00:23:01,373
I NIH CONTRIBUTED $6.5 MILLION

634
00:23:01,373 --> 00:23:02,741
AND WE AIM TO CONTRIBUTE A

635
00:23:02,741 --> 00:23:07,413
SIMILAR AMOUNT ON FORWARD.

636
00:23:07,413 --> 00:23:12,451
MULTIPLE INSTITUTES ARE INVOLVED

637
00:23:12,451 --> 00:23:13,452
IN -- WE ARE THE MANAGEMENT BUT

638
00:23:13,452 --> 00:23:15,621
HELPING TO FUND THIS STUDY AND

639
00:23:15,621 --> 00:23:18,324
PARTICIPATE INITY ANALYSIS.

640
00:23:18,324 --> 00:23:22,261
NIDA, NCI IS A BIG PLAYER, NIMHD

641
00:23:22,261 --> 00:23:32,104
AND NIEHS, ODB, OBSSR, NIDDK.

642
00:23:32,104 --> 00:23:33,339
AND AGAIN I'M VERY, VERY

643
00:23:33,339 --> 00:23:34,540
GRATEFUL FOR NIDA'S LEADERSHIP

644
00:23:34,540 --> 00:23:35,774
IN THIS PROGRAM BECAUSE WITHOUT

645
00:23:35,774 --> 00:23:38,377
IT WE WILL NOT BE WHERE WE ARE.

646
00:23:38,377 --> 00:23:41,647
SO WHAT ARE THE IMPACT, HERE

647
00:23:41,647 --> 00:23:44,049
THEY ALSO HAVE 1,000

648
00:23:44,049 --> 00:23:46,585
PUBLICATIONS, BUT IT GOES BEYOND

649
00:23:46,585 --> 00:23:49,421
PUBLICATIONS.

650
00:23:49,421 --> 00:23:50,756
IF THE PUBLICATION DOESN'T

651
00:23:50,756 --> 00:23:51,590
CHANGE PRACTICES THEN IT IS NOT

652
00:23:51,590 --> 00:23:53,559
VERY USEFUL.

653
00:23:53,559 --> 00:23:55,327
AND THE PATH STUDY HAS A BIG

654
00:23:55,327 --> 00:23:56,829
IMPACT ON POLICY AND THESE ARE

655
00:23:56,829 --> 00:23:58,697
SOME OF THE EXAMPLES, HOW THE

656
00:23:58,697 --> 00:24:00,332
DATA COLLECTED FROM PATH HAS

657
00:24:00,332 --> 00:24:01,634
INFLUENCED RULES AND REGULATIONS

658
00:24:01,634 --> 00:24:04,703
AND GUIDELINES.

659
00:24:04,703 --> 00:24:06,906
IN 2022, THE DATA WAS CITED IN

660
00:24:06,906 --> 00:24:10,176
SEVERAL FDA POLICY DOCUMENTING,

661
00:24:10,176 --> 00:24:14,446
INCLUDING TWO PROPOSED RULES.

662
00:24:14,446 --> 00:24:17,216
ONE ON TOBACCO PRODUCTS FOR

663
00:24:17,216 --> 00:24:21,120
MENTHOL IN CIGARETTES, ANOTHER

664
00:24:21,120 --> 00:24:25,524
FOR CHARACTERIZING FLAVORS IN

665
00:24:25,524 --> 00:24:26,091
CIGARS.

666
00:24:26,091 --> 00:24:30,196
THE DATA WAS ALSO CITED IN THE

667
00:24:30,196 --> 00:24:32,164
2023 REPORT OF THE U.S. SURGEON

668
00:24:32,164 --> 00:24:39,171
GENERAL ADVISORY, AND I --

669
00:24:39,171 --> 00:24:40,306
BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA, DEPRESSION

670
00:24:40,306 --> 00:24:41,240
AND ANXIETY.

671
00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:42,875
IT HAS BEEN CITED IN

672
00:24:42,875 --> 00:24:43,576
CONGRESSIONAL TESTIMONY

673
00:24:43,576 --> 00:24:45,211
REGARDING FDA REGULATION FOR

674
00:24:45,211 --> 00:24:47,079
ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DEVICE

675
00:24:47,079 --> 00:24:49,014
SYSTEMS, AND IT ALSO HAS BEEN

676
00:24:49,014 --> 00:24:52,518
CITED IN FDA CTP DECISION ON

677
00:24:52,518 --> 00:24:54,186
PREMARKET TOBACCO PRODUCT

678
00:24:54,186 --> 00:24:59,925
APPLICATIONS FOR -- IT'S VERY

679
00:24:59,925 --> 00:25:02,161
IMPORTANT BECAUSE ELECTRONIC

680
00:25:02,161 --> 00:25:05,297
NICOTINE DEVICES, ACTUALLY OF

681
00:25:05,297 --> 00:25:08,901
DIFFERENT TYPES, ARE BECOMING

682
00:25:08,901 --> 00:25:12,137
INCREASINGLY POPULAR AND IN SOME

683
00:25:12,137 --> 00:25:15,374
DEMOGRAPHICS THEY ARE MUCH MORE

684
00:25:15,374 --> 00:25:18,677
FREQUENT IN PREVALENCE THAN

685
00:25:18,677 --> 00:25:19,411
CIGARETTE SMOKING.

686
00:25:19,411 --> 00:25:21,413
BUT IT IS IN MANY WAYS A NEW

687
00:25:21,413 --> 00:25:22,648
TERRITORY AND UNDERSTANDING WHAT

688
00:25:22,648 --> 00:25:24,883
ARE THE APPEALS AND WHO ARE THE

689
00:25:24,883 --> 00:25:25,751
DEMOGRAPHICS OF INDIVIDUALS THAT

690
00:25:25,751 --> 00:25:29,421
ARE MORE RELEVANT IS NECESSARY

691
00:25:29,421 --> 00:25:30,356
IN ORDER TO PROVIDE REGULATIONS

692
00:25:30,356 --> 00:25:31,790
THAT CAN PROTECT AGAINST THEM.

693
00:25:31,790 --> 00:25:33,926
SO THIS IS -- AGAIN, THERE HAS

694
00:25:33,926 --> 00:25:36,095
BEEN A SHIFT IN THE WAY AND THE

695
00:25:36,095 --> 00:25:37,062
RECOGNITION AND THE COMMITMENT

696
00:25:37,062 --> 00:25:38,464
OF THE NIH TO HELP SUPPORT THE

697
00:25:38,464 --> 00:25:42,234
PATH STUDY.

698
00:25:42,234 --> 00:25:43,402
WHICH BRINGS ME TO THESE NUMBERS

699
00:25:43,402 --> 00:25:43,969
HERE.

700
00:25:43,969 --> 00:25:46,872
HOW IMPORTANT ARE NICOTINE

701
00:25:46,872 --> 00:25:47,473
VAPING.

702
00:25:47,473 --> 00:25:49,775
AND I PRESENTED THIS DATA IN OUR

703
00:25:49,775 --> 00:25:51,710
LAST COUNCIL, BUT I DON'T KNOW

704
00:25:51,710 --> 00:25:53,646
IF IT MADE A BIG IMPACT OVERALL,

705
00:25:53,646 --> 00:25:55,014
BUT IT HAS BEEN MAKING A BIG

706
00:25:55,014 --> 00:25:57,716
IMPACT IN MY BRAIN, AND SO I

707
00:25:57,716 --> 00:25:59,351
DECIDED OKAY, I'M GOING TO -- I

708
00:25:59,351 --> 00:26:02,321
HOPE I'M NOT THE ONLY ONE, BUT

709
00:26:02,321 --> 00:26:03,422
I'M GOING TO SHOW IT AGAIN.

710
00:26:03,422 --> 00:26:10,596
THIS IS DATA FROM NSDUH, THE

711
00:26:10,596 --> 00:26:13,465
SAMHSA STUDY.

712
00:26:13,465 --> 00:26:14,800
NEW INITIATES OF SUBSTANCES.

713
00:26:14,800 --> 00:26:15,968
PEOPLE AGE 12 OR OLDER.

714
00:26:15,968 --> 00:26:18,804
AND IN GENERAL, TRADITIONALLY BY

715
00:26:18,804 --> 00:26:21,674
FAR, THE GREATEST NUMBER OF

716
00:26:21,674 --> 00:26:30,215
NEW -- LOOK AT THOSE NUMBERS.

717
00:26:30,215 --> 00:26:32,851
6 MILLION PEOPLE IN 2022

718
00:26:32,851 --> 00:26:34,119
INITIATED NICOTINE VAPING, AND

719
00:26:34,119 --> 00:26:35,521
THAT TELLS YOU WHY THIS IS AN

720
00:26:35,521 --> 00:26:36,822
ISSUE THAT WE HAVE TO KEEP OUR

721
00:26:36,822 --> 00:26:38,057
EYES ON AND WE HAVE TO

722
00:26:38,057 --> 00:26:39,491
UNDERSTAND WHAT ARE THE

723
00:26:39,491 --> 00:26:41,360
CONSEQUENCES AND WHAT ARE THE

724
00:26:41,360 --> 00:26:43,996
PRODUCTS BEING USED AND WHAT I

725
00:26:43,996 --> 00:26:45,464
TELL ACTUALLY WHO ARE THE

726
00:26:45,464 --> 00:26:46,899
DEMOGRAPHICS THAT ARE MOST

727
00:26:46,899 --> 00:26:47,933
VULNERABLE.

728
00:26:47,933 --> 00:26:51,603
SO NUMBER ONE, NICOTINE VAPING

729
00:26:51,603 --> 00:26:55,574
IN NEW INITIATES, NUMBER TWO,

730
00:26:55,574 --> 00:26:57,376
ALCOHOL AND AS YOU WOULD EXPECT,

731
00:26:57,376 --> 00:27:01,280
NUMBER THREE, MARIJUANA.

732
00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:08,253
SO THE DELIVERY SYSTEMS ARE VERY

733
00:27:08,253 --> 00:27:09,421
EFFECTIVE IN DELIVERING NICOTINE

734
00:27:09,421 --> 00:27:15,160
AT VERY -- DOSES VERY FAST AND

735
00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:22,401
DECENT ANSWERS REGARDINGIING --E

736
00:27:22,401 --> 00:27:24,203
GROUP MOST AFFECTED OVERALL BY

737
00:27:24,203 --> 00:27:25,037
NICOTINE DEVICES ARE THE YOUNG

738
00:27:25,037 --> 00:27:25,571
PEOPLE.

739
00:27:25,571 --> 00:27:28,073
I HAVE HERE DATA THAT GOES FROM

740
00:27:28,073 --> 00:27:28,907
18 TO 45 AND OVER.

741
00:27:28,907 --> 00:27:34,380
BUT IF I HAVE PRESENTED DATA ON

742
00:27:34,380 --> 00:27:36,682
TEENAGERS, WE WILL SEE THAT 12TH

743
00:27:36,682 --> 00:27:38,884
GRADERS HAVE THE HIGHEST RATE OF

744
00:27:38,884 --> 00:27:41,153
NICOTINE VAPING.

745
00:27:41,153 --> 00:27:46,892
18 TO 24 OVERALL THE PERCENTAGE

746
00:27:46,892 --> 00:27:48,227
OF -- IS 11%.

747
00:27:48,227 --> 00:27:49,361
VERY SIMILAR NUMBERS FOR MALES

748
00:27:49,361 --> 00:27:51,397
AND FEMALES IN THE GROUP IN A

749
00:27:51,397 --> 00:27:52,398
DEMOGRAPHIC WITH THE HIGHEST

750
00:27:52,398 --> 00:27:52,598
RATES.

751
00:27:52,598 --> 00:27:57,569
THEN THE NUMBERS GO DOWN FROM 20

752
00:27:57,569 --> 00:28:02,508
TO 44 IS -- SO IF I HAD PLOTTED

753
00:28:02,508 --> 00:28:04,076
YOU ZERO, THEY WOULD SAY IT IN

754
00:28:04,076 --> 00:28:05,244
OPPOSITE PATTERN WITH AGE, THAT

755
00:28:05,244 --> 00:28:06,845
IS TO SAY THE 45 AND OVER HAVE

756
00:28:06,845 --> 00:28:08,547
THE HIGHEST RATES OF PREVALENCE

757
00:28:08,547 --> 00:28:10,716
FOR CIGARETTE SMOKING, AND THE

758
00:28:10,716 --> 00:28:11,817
18 TO 24 THE LOWEST.

759
00:28:11,817 --> 00:28:14,319
SO WE'RE SEEING A SHIFTING IN

760
00:28:14,319 --> 00:28:15,954
THE PATTERN OF HOW NICOTINE IS

761
00:28:15,954 --> 00:28:18,590
BEING CONSUMED.

762
00:28:18,590 --> 00:28:20,092
IN TERMS OF THE NEEDS FOR

763
00:28:20,092 --> 00:28:22,027
TREATMENT FOR THIS POPULATION,

764
00:28:22,027 --> 00:28:26,231
THERE ARE 11 MILLION TOTAL ADULT

765
00:28:26,231 --> 00:28:28,000
E CIGARETTE USERS IN THE UNITED

766
00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:32,137
STATES, AND 73% OF THEM INTEND

767
00:28:32,137 --> 00:28:34,740
TO QUIT VAPING IN THE NEXT 3 TO

768
00:28:34,740 --> 00:28:35,340
12 MONTHS.

769
00:28:35,340 --> 00:28:36,775
AND THEY'RE WILLING TO TRY NEW

770
00:28:36,775 --> 00:28:37,543
TREATMENTS, SO THE QUESTION IS,

771
00:28:37,543 --> 00:28:39,378
WHAT DO WE HAVE TO OFFER THEM.

772
00:28:39,378 --> 00:28:42,114
IF THEY WANT TO GO OUT AND GET

773
00:28:42,114 --> 00:28:43,649
TREATMENT, WHAT TIME WE DO?

774
00:28:43,649 --> 00:28:46,718
AND THERE ARE SEVERAL BEHAVIORAL

775
00:28:46,718 --> 00:28:47,586
INTERVENTIONS, AND PARTICULARLY

776
00:28:47,586 --> 00:28:49,922
APPS THAT ACTUALLY HAVE BEEN

777
00:28:49,922 --> 00:28:52,491
TARGETED TO HELP PEOPLE QUIT

778
00:28:52,491 --> 00:28:53,892
VAPING THAT HAVE SHOWN

779
00:28:53,892 --> 00:28:55,027
SIGNIFICANT BENEFICIAL EFFECTS.

780
00:28:55,027 --> 00:28:56,161
AND THESE HAVE ACTUALLY BEEN

781
00:28:56,161 --> 00:28:58,730
SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE EVEN IN

782
00:28:58,730 --> 00:28:59,264
ADOLESCENCE.

783
00:28:59,264 --> 00:29:03,635
BUT THE BENEFITS FROM THEM

784
00:29:03,635 --> 00:29:07,539
ARE -- THE EFFECT SIZES OF THOSE

785
00:29:07,539 --> 00:29:13,612
BENEFITS IS RELATIVELY MILD.

786
00:29:13,612 --> 00:29:15,481
SO THERE IS THIS NEED OF

787
00:29:15,481 --> 00:29:16,882
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS SO THIS

788
00:29:16,882 --> 00:29:18,116
PAST -- I THINK IT WAS TWO

789
00:29:18,116 --> 00:29:19,518
MONTHS AGO OR THREE MONTHS AGO,

790
00:29:19,518 --> 00:29:27,626
THERE WAS THE FIRST EVER -- TO

791
00:29:27,626 --> 00:29:29,528
ADDRESS ADDICTION TO NICOTINE

792
00:29:29,528 --> 00:29:29,795
VAPING.

793
00:29:29,795 --> 00:29:31,897
THIS WAS A STUDY BASICALLY

794
00:29:31,897 --> 00:29:33,232
FUNDED THROUGH OUR OFFICE OF

795
00:29:33,232 --> 00:29:35,601
TRANSLATION AND INNOVATION, THAT

796
00:29:35,601 --> 00:29:43,809
EVALUATED THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

797
00:29:43,809 --> 00:29:44,610
CYTISINICLINE, A MEDICATION THAT

798
00:29:44,610 --> 00:29:47,779
HAS BEEN USED FOR MANY YEARS IN

799
00:29:47,779 --> 00:29:48,046
EUROPE.

800
00:29:48,046 --> 00:29:49,414
IT WAS BROUGHT TO OUR ATTENTION

801
00:29:49,414 --> 00:29:50,682
MANY, MANY YEARS AGO TO BRING IT

802
00:29:50,682 --> 00:29:52,351
IN TO THE UNITED STATES TO

803
00:29:52,351 --> 00:29:53,952
FACILITATE AN ALTERNATIVE

804
00:29:53,952 --> 00:29:55,053
INTERVENTION FOR TOBACCO

805
00:29:55,053 --> 00:29:57,155
SMOKING.

806
00:29:57,155 --> 00:29:59,458
AND THEN THE NIDA AND NICCHD

807
00:29:59,458 --> 00:30:01,527
HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN HELPING TO

808
00:30:01,527 --> 00:30:03,061
DEVELOP IT AND GETTING THE KAY

809
00:30:03,061 --> 00:30:09,568
THE DATAULTIMATELY NECESSARY TOA

810
00:30:09,568 --> 00:30:10,736
APPROVAL BUT THIS IS THE FIRST

811
00:30:10,736 --> 00:30:14,673
TIME THE STUDY -- THE OUTCOME

812
00:30:14,673 --> 00:30:25,751
BASTHEY'VEREACHED THEIR OUTCOME.

813
00:30:26,552 --> 00:30:30,756
SO THIS IS, AGAIN, NOW A TOOL

814
00:30:30,756 --> 00:30:32,925
THAT SHOULD BE DEPLOYED SO THAT

815
00:30:32,925 --> 00:30:35,294
WE CAN HELP PEOPLE THAT ARE

816
00:30:35,294 --> 00:30:36,662
ADDICTED TO NICOTINE VAPING TO

817
00:30:36,662 --> 00:30:42,100
STOP IT.

818
00:30:42,100 --> 00:30:48,807
THAT TAKES ME INTO THE TOPIC,

819
00:30:48,807 --> 00:30:50,742
THE OVERDOSE EPIDEMIC.

820
00:30:50,742 --> 00:30:52,110
I PRESENT THIS TABLE ON EVERY

821
00:30:52,110 --> 00:30:54,146
SINGLE COUNCIL AND I CANNOT

822
00:30:54,146 --> 00:30:55,714
NOT -- BECAUSE WE ALL HAVE TO

823
00:30:55,714 --> 00:30:59,484
KEEP ATTENTION TO IT BECAUSE IT

824
00:30:59,484 --> 00:31:00,552
BASICALLY IS MEETING THAT ONE

825
00:31:00,552 --> 00:31:01,787
PERSON IS DYING EVERY FIVE

826
00:31:01,787 --> 00:31:02,721
MINUTES IN THE UNITED STATES

827
00:31:02,721 --> 00:31:04,423
FROM AN OVERDOSE AND THAT IS

828
00:31:04,423 --> 00:31:04,890
UNACCEPTABLE.

829
00:31:04,890 --> 00:31:06,491
IT HAS BEEN UNACCEPTABLE FOR

830
00:31:06,491 --> 00:31:08,093
MANY, MANY YEARS AND IT HAS BEEN

831
00:31:08,093 --> 00:31:09,127
GETTING WORSE AND WORSE AND

832
00:31:09,127 --> 00:31:12,998
WORSE, AND THE COVID PANDEMIC

833
00:31:12,998 --> 00:31:15,767
ACTUALLY ACCELERATED THE RATE AT

834
00:31:15,767 --> 00:31:17,135
WHICH PEOPLE WERE DYING.

835
00:31:17,135 --> 00:31:19,304
BUT FOR THE FIRST TIME EVER,

836
00:31:19,304 --> 00:31:23,408
WE'RE SEEING SIGNIFICANT DECLINE

837
00:31:23,408 --> 00:31:25,177
IN OVERDOSE DEATH THAT IS NOT

838
00:31:25,177 --> 00:31:27,946
WITHIN WHAT I THINK THE ERRORS

839
00:31:27,946 --> 00:31:31,850
OF THE MEASUREMENTS I PRESENT IN

840
00:31:31,850 --> 00:31:34,720
THE PAST, SO AT ONE POINT IT WAS

841
00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:36,989
7%, ANOTHER IT WAS 3 OR 2.5% AND

842
00:31:36,989 --> 00:31:38,223
WE WERE GETTING VERY, VERY

843
00:31:38,223 --> 00:31:39,057
EXCITED ABOUT IT BUT OF COURSE

844
00:31:39,057 --> 00:31:41,393
THE NEXT YEAR IT DISAPPEARED,

845
00:31:41,393 --> 00:31:43,228
BUT IT WAS PREDOMINANTLY DRIVEN

846
00:31:43,228 --> 00:31:45,964
BY DECREASES IN HEROIN AND

847
00:31:45,964 --> 00:31:47,499
NATURAL AND SEMI SYNTHETICS.

848
00:31:47,499 --> 00:31:48,700
WHAT VERY INTERESTING HERE ON

849
00:31:48,700 --> 00:31:50,235
THIS REDUCTION IS 7.5%.

850
00:31:50,235 --> 00:31:51,570
LOOK AT IT.

851
00:31:51,570 --> 00:31:53,171
FENTANYL FOR THE FIRST TIME THAT

852
00:31:53,171 --> 00:31:55,841
I'VE EVER SEEN HAS GONE DOWN AND

853
00:31:55,841 --> 00:31:57,142
IT'S 8.6% LOWER.

854
00:31:57,142 --> 00:31:59,845
AND WHEN YOU SEE DATA LIKE THAT,

855
00:31:59,845 --> 00:32:01,380
MY VIEW IS WHAT IS IT ALSO

856
00:32:01,380 --> 00:32:01,947
TELLING US?

857
00:32:01,947 --> 00:32:06,718
SO IF I SEE THAT 7.5 DECLINE,

858
00:32:06,718 --> 00:32:09,521
IT'S INTRIGUING THAT THERE ARE

859
00:32:09,521 --> 00:32:11,123
VERY LITTLE DECLINES IN COCAINE

860
00:32:11,123 --> 00:32:12,891
AND THEY'RE RELATIVELY LESS

861
00:32:12,891 --> 00:32:14,426
DECLINES IN METHAMPHETAMINE.

862
00:32:14,426 --> 00:32:17,696
SO IN MY BRAIN, ONE OF THE

863
00:32:17,696 --> 00:32:18,830
POSSIBLE EXPLANATION CONSIDERING

864
00:32:18,830 --> 00:32:20,198
THAT THE MAIN STRATEGYS THAT

865
00:32:20,198 --> 00:32:22,501
HAVE BEEN DEPLOYED BY THE

866
00:32:22,501 --> 00:32:24,036
ADMINISTRATION TO ADDRESS THE

867
00:32:24,036 --> 00:32:26,171
OVERDOSE CRISIS ARE TWO.

868
00:32:26,171 --> 00:32:28,206
NUMBER ONE, DEPLOY NALOXONE IN

869
00:32:28,206 --> 00:32:29,841
ORDER TO BE ABLE TO REVERSE

870
00:32:29,841 --> 00:32:30,475
OVERDOSES.

871
00:32:30,475 --> 00:32:31,710
AS EXTENSIVELY AS WE CAN.

872
00:32:31,710 --> 00:32:34,046
AND YOU CAN DEPLOY IT, YOU CAN

873
00:32:34,046 --> 00:32:34,579
SAVE A LIFE.

874
00:32:34,579 --> 00:32:36,181
AND THE OTHER ONE, INITIATE

875
00:32:36,181 --> 00:32:37,382
MEDICATIONS FOR OPIOID USE

876
00:32:37,382 --> 00:32:37,816
DISORDER.

877
00:32:37,816 --> 00:32:39,484
AND THE INITIATIONS OF

878
00:32:39,484 --> 00:32:44,089
MEDICATION FOR OPIOID USE

879
00:32:44,089 --> 00:32:49,394
DISORDER IS METHADONE --

880
00:32:49,394 --> 00:32:50,729
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE RISK OF

881
00:32:50,729 --> 00:32:51,096
OVERDOSES.

882
00:32:51,096 --> 00:32:52,764
SO THE FACT THAT WE ARE SEEING

883
00:32:52,764 --> 00:32:54,332
IT PREDOMINANTLY CONCENTRATED IN

884
00:32:54,332 --> 00:32:56,068
REDUCTIONS IN OPIOID OVERDOSES

885
00:32:56,068 --> 00:32:57,636
MAKES ME THINK THAT THESE

886
00:32:57,636 --> 00:32:58,837
INITIATIVES HAVE MADE A MARK,

887
00:32:58,837 --> 00:33:01,139
THAT THEY ARE STARTING TO TURN

888
00:33:01,139 --> 00:33:01,573
THE TIDE.

889
00:33:01,573 --> 00:33:02,941
BUT IT'S ALSO MAKING ME AWARE

890
00:33:02,941 --> 00:33:04,276
THAT WE NEED TO EMPHASIZE THE

891
00:33:04,276 --> 00:33:05,711
IMPORTANCE OF PROVIDING

892
00:33:05,711 --> 00:33:06,912
ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC

893
00:33:06,912 --> 00:33:08,447
INTERVENTIONS TO ACTUALLY

894
00:33:08,447 --> 00:33:10,682
PROTECT PEOPLE THAT MAY HAVE A

895
00:33:10,682 --> 00:33:15,253
COCAINE OR A METHAMPHETAMINE USE

896
00:33:15,253 --> 00:33:17,522
DISORDER WERE ACTUALLY ARE AT A

897
00:33:17,522 --> 00:33:20,025
HIGH RISK OF OVERDOSING BECAUSE

898
00:33:20,025 --> 00:33:23,495
OF HOW FREQUENTLY THE

899
00:33:23,495 --> 00:33:25,163
PSYCHOSTIMULANT DRUGS ARE BEING

900
00:33:25,163 --> 00:33:26,431
LACED WITH FENTANYL, PUTTING

901
00:33:26,431 --> 00:33:27,933
THEM AT HIGH, MUCH HIGHER RISK

902
00:33:27,933 --> 00:33:28,567
OF OVERDOSES.

903
00:33:28,567 --> 00:33:30,135
SO YES IT'S GOOD NEWS IN TERMS

904
00:33:30,135 --> 00:33:31,770
OF ACTUALLY WE'RE SEEING

905
00:33:31,770 --> 00:33:35,073
SIGNIFICANT DECREASES, THE

906
00:33:35,073 --> 00:33:38,210
LARGEST WE'VE EVER SEEN AND IT'S

907
00:33:38,210 --> 00:33:41,813
CLOSE TO 111 OR 112 TO 103, SO

908
00:33:41,813 --> 00:33:44,116
IT'S 9,000 PEOPLE THAT DIED

909
00:33:44,116 --> 00:33:48,720
LAST -- THIS IDEA, THROUGH MARC.

910
00:33:48,720 --> 00:33:50,722
BUT AGAIN, I WANT US TO LOOK AT

911
00:33:50,722 --> 00:33:51,890
THE DATA AND THINK ABOUT HOW DO

912
00:33:51,890 --> 00:33:53,191
WE MOVE THESE FINDINGS.

913
00:33:53,191 --> 00:33:55,894
I MENTIONED THAT CERTAINLY ONE

914
00:33:55,894 --> 00:33:58,530
OF THE LIKELY SUCCESSES HAS BEEN

915
00:33:58,530 --> 00:34:00,265
THAT DEPLOYMENT OF MEDICATIONS

916
00:34:00,265 --> 00:34:02,901
FOR OPIOID USE DISORDER AND THIS

917
00:34:02,901 --> 00:34:09,141
HAS RELIED ENORMOUSLY ON

918
00:34:09,141 --> 00:34:10,142
RECRUITMENT OF HEALTHCARE

919
00:34:10,142 --> 00:34:11,276
SYSTEMS IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO

920
00:34:11,276 --> 00:34:12,344
PROVIDE THESE MEDICATIONS.

921
00:34:12,344 --> 00:34:16,181
SO NOT JUST LIMITING TO

922
00:34:16,181 --> 00:34:17,916
METHADONE, OPIOID TREATMENT

923
00:34:17,916 --> 00:34:21,286
PROGRAMS OR SPECIALIZED CENTERS,

924
00:34:21,286 --> 00:34:22,320
WE'RE GOING OUT INTO THE

925
00:34:22,320 --> 00:34:24,322
HEALTHCARE IN ORDER TO GET

926
00:34:24,322 --> 00:34:25,657
CLINICIANS TO PRE-SCREEN AND TO

927
00:34:25,657 --> 00:34:26,758
PRESCRIBE THESE MEDICATIONS.

928
00:34:26,758 --> 00:34:31,363
AS I MENTIONED BEFORE, THIS IS

929
00:34:31,363 --> 00:34:33,999
ONE OF THOSE THAT THE CITY

930
00:34:33,999 --> 00:34:36,301
AND -- WILL THEY BE BRINGING

931
00:34:36,301 --> 00:34:37,602
MODELS OF TREATMENT AND

932
00:34:37,602 --> 00:34:38,804
DOCUMENTING THEIR EFFECTIVENESS

933
00:34:38,804 --> 00:34:43,809
AND EFFICACY.

934
00:34:43,809 --> 00:34:45,243
BARRIERS IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS,

935
00:34:45,243 --> 00:34:46,344
ONE OF THE ONES THEY HAVE

936
00:34:46,344 --> 00:34:47,646
FOCUSED ON IS ON EMERGENCY

937
00:34:47,646 --> 00:34:48,747
DEPARTMENT, BECAUSE THIS IS A

938
00:34:48,747 --> 00:34:51,550
PLACE THAT HAS A HIGH LIKELIHOOD

939
00:34:51,550 --> 00:34:53,251
OF ACTUALLY GETTING EXPOSED TO

940
00:34:53,251 --> 00:34:55,554
INDIVIDUALS THAT HAVE ADVERSE

941
00:34:55,554 --> 00:34:56,521
CONSEQUENCES FROM THE USE OF

942
00:34:56,521 --> 00:35:00,025
OPIOID, INCLUDING OVERDOSES.

943
00:35:00,025 --> 00:35:01,760
SO IT GIVES THEM BASICALLY A

944
00:35:01,760 --> 00:35:04,029
DEVELOPER MODEL FOR INITIATING

945
00:35:04,029 --> 00:35:05,397
BUPRENORPHINE TREATMENT IN THE

946
00:35:05,397 --> 00:35:07,065
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT, SHOWING

947
00:35:07,065 --> 00:35:08,767
THAT THAT SIGNIFICANTLY

948
00:35:08,767 --> 00:35:09,801
INCREASES THE LIKELIHOOD THAT

949
00:35:09,801 --> 00:35:12,270
THE PERSON WILL STAY IN

950
00:35:12,270 --> 00:35:13,205
TREATMENT, SHOWING THAT IT CAN

951
00:35:13,205 --> 00:35:15,207
BE DEPLOYED, AND IN THIS LATEST

952
00:35:15,207 --> 00:35:18,276
STUDY THAT THEY ACTUALLY JUST

953
00:35:18,276 --> 00:35:19,344
PUBLISHED RECENTLY, THEY

954
00:35:19,344 --> 00:35:20,111
ACTUALLY DOCUMENTED ONE OF THE

955
00:35:20,111 --> 00:35:22,480
THINGS THAT WE WERE VERY EXCITED

956
00:35:22,480 --> 00:35:24,950
WITH THE INTRODUCTION, A ONE

957
00:35:24,950 --> 00:35:26,518
WEEK EXTENDED RELEASE

958
00:35:26,518 --> 00:35:27,252
BUPRENORPHINE, THESE WILL GIVE

959
00:35:27,252 --> 00:35:29,154
THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT A

960
00:35:29,154 --> 00:35:30,255
LONGER TIME TO COVER BECAUSE

961
00:35:30,255 --> 00:35:32,090
THEY WERE RELUCTANT TO INITIATE

962
00:35:32,090 --> 00:35:33,491
SOMEONE THAT HAD NOT RECEIVED

963
00:35:33,491 --> 00:35:40,232
BUPRENORPHINE IN ONE MONTH, SO

964
00:35:40,232 --> 00:35:41,833
THAT ONE PROVIDED A FLEXIBLE

965
00:35:41,833 --> 00:35:42,567
INTERMEDIATE NUMBER AND THEY

966
00:35:42,567 --> 00:35:43,768
RECENTLY REPORTED THAT IT WAS

967
00:35:43,768 --> 00:35:45,103
ACTUALLY QUITE WELL ACCEPTED.

968
00:35:45,103 --> 00:35:47,339
THEY INCLUDED THE ONE WEEK

969
00:35:47,339 --> 00:35:49,407
INJECTABLE IN INDIVIDUALS THAT

970
00:35:49,407 --> 00:35:51,877
HAVE MILD OPIOID WITHDRAWAL

971
00:35:51,877 --> 00:35:53,211
SYMPTOMS WHICH THEY MEASURE

972
00:35:53,211 --> 00:35:55,413
USING THE COWS AND THEIR CUTOFF

973
00:35:55,413 --> 00:36:00,385
POINT WAS A CUTOFF POINT OF 7.

974
00:36:00,385 --> 00:36:01,486
THESE PATIENTS OUT OF THE 100

975
00:36:01,486 --> 00:36:03,088
PATIENTS THAT THEY TESTED, ONLY

976
00:36:03,088 --> 00:36:08,627
10 OF THEM DEVELOPED MORE SEVERE

977
00:36:08,627 --> 00:36:09,394
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS, WHICH WAS

978
00:36:09,394 --> 00:36:12,497
AGAIN SOMETHING THAT IS CREATING

979
00:36:12,497 --> 00:36:14,432
HESITATION ON MANY CLINICIANS OF

980
00:36:14,432 --> 00:36:15,166
PROVIDING BUPRENORPHINE BECAUSE

981
00:36:15,166 --> 00:36:16,334
OF THE FEAR THAT BUPRENORPHINE

982
00:36:16,334 --> 00:36:20,238
WILL TRIGGER AN ACUTE OPIOID

983
00:36:20,238 --> 00:36:20,605
WITHDRAWAL.

984
00:36:20,605 --> 00:36:22,774
THIS STUDY SHOWS THAT IF YOU

985
00:36:22,774 --> 00:36:25,243
INITIATED IN INDIVIDUALS WITH

986
00:36:25,243 --> 00:36:26,444
RELATIVELY MILD EVIDENCE OF

987
00:36:26,444 --> 00:36:29,214
PRESENCE OF WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS,

988
00:36:29,214 --> 00:36:32,484
IT IS SA SAFE AND IT'S GOING TOE

989
00:36:32,484 --> 00:36:33,985
WELL TOLERATED AND IN THIS CASE

990
00:36:33,985 --> 00:36:38,390
IT'S 10% THAT GOT WORSENING IN

991
00:36:38,390 --> 00:36:39,157
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS BUT IT'S

992
00:36:39,157 --> 00:36:41,459
ALSO INTRIGUING THAT THEY

993
00:36:41,459 --> 00:36:42,427
CLEARLY SHOWED THEY WERE

994
00:36:42,427 --> 00:36:44,529
MEASURING FENTANYL AND 63 OF THE

995
00:36:44,529 --> 00:36:46,364
PATIENTS WHO WERE POSITIVE FOR

996
00:36:46,364 --> 00:36:48,633
FENTANYL HAD UNEVENTFUL

997
00:36:48,633 --> 00:36:49,301
INDUCTIONS, DOCUMENTING THAT IT

998
00:36:49,301 --> 00:36:49,734
IS POSSIBLE.

999
00:36:49,734 --> 00:36:53,471
MY QUESTION AS I THINK ABOUT IT

1000
00:36:53,471 --> 00:36:55,373
AND I SEE THE SITUATION IN THE

1001
00:36:55,373 --> 00:36:56,007
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT AND THE

1002
00:36:56,007 --> 00:36:59,511
RESEARCH QUESTIONS IS WHAT IS IT

1003
00:36:59,511 --> 00:37:00,812
THAT WE CAN DO IN THE EMERGENCY

1004
00:37:00,812 --> 00:37:03,882
DEPARTMENT OR HOW CAN WE

1005
00:37:03,882 --> 00:37:06,017
DECREASE THE SEVERITY OF THE

1006
00:37:06,017 --> 00:37:06,651
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS ON A PATIENT

1007
00:37:06,651 --> 00:37:09,688
THAT MAY END UP THERE WITH

1008
00:37:09,688 --> 00:37:11,089
INTENSE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS SO

1009
00:37:11,089 --> 00:37:13,992
YOU CAN INITIATE THE

1010
00:37:13,992 --> 00:37:15,860
BUPRENORPHINE SO THAT ASPECT OF

1011
00:37:15,860 --> 00:37:18,263
COURSE REQUIRES INVESTIGATION.

1012
00:37:18,263 --> 00:37:20,532
THE UTILIZATION AND INITIATION

1013
00:37:20,532 --> 00:37:21,499
OF BUPRENORPHINE IN EMERGENCY

1014
00:37:21,499 --> 00:37:22,667
DEPARTMENTS IS BEING TAKEN IN

1015
00:37:22,667 --> 00:37:25,136
DIFFERENT LEVELS AND DEGREES BY

1016
00:37:25,136 --> 00:37:26,338
VARIOUS STATES, BUT FOR EXAMPLE,

1017
00:37:26,338 --> 00:37:27,739
CALIFORNIA IS ONE OF THE STATES

1018
00:37:27,739 --> 00:37:30,575
THAT HAS EMBRACED AND WE'RE

1019
00:37:30,575 --> 00:37:32,577
SEEING MORE AND MORE EMERGENCY

1020
00:37:32,577 --> 00:37:35,981
DEPARTMENTS STARTING TO DIRECTLY

1021
00:37:35,981 --> 00:37:36,748
PROVIDE BUPRENORPHINE ON

1022
00:37:36,748 --> 00:37:37,582
PATIENTS.

1023
00:37:37,582 --> 00:37:42,320
AND AGAIN, THAT ALLOWS THEM TO

1024
00:37:42,320 --> 00:37:43,388
BE LINKED WITH TREATMENT.

1025
00:37:43,388 --> 00:37:44,889
THE OTHER AREA I WANT TO

1026
00:37:44,889 --> 00:37:46,458
HIGHLIGHT AND ACTUALLY BECAUSE

1027
00:37:46,458 --> 00:37:48,827
IT'S ONE OF THE STUDIES THAT THE

1028
00:37:48,827 --> 00:37:52,831
CTN IS ONGOING, THE CTN0131, AND

1029
00:37:52,831 --> 00:37:54,833
IT'S A STUDY TO TRY TO ACTUALLY

1030
00:37:54,833 --> 00:37:58,470
ADDRESS THE QUESTION OF CAN WE

1031
00:37:58,470 --> 00:38:00,338
PROVIDE METHADONE IN AN

1032
00:38:00,338 --> 00:38:01,740
ENVIRONMENT THAT'S NOT

1033
00:38:01,740 --> 00:38:04,309
NECESSARILY JUST THE OPIATE

1034
00:38:04,309 --> 00:38:05,677
TREATMENT PROGRAMS.

1035
00:38:05,677 --> 00:38:07,479
METHADONE CLINICS ARE LIMITED

1036
00:38:07,479 --> 00:38:08,880
AND MANY INDIVIDUALS DON'T HAVE

1037
00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:10,515
ACCESS TO THEM.

1038
00:38:10,515 --> 00:38:12,083
MANY INDIVIDUALS DON'T WANT

1039
00:38:12,083 --> 00:38:12,951
METHADONE BECAUSE THEY DON'T

1040
00:38:12,951 --> 00:38:16,087
WANT TO GET IT FROM A METHADONE

1041
00:38:16,087 --> 00:38:16,354
CLINIC.

1042
00:38:16,354 --> 00:38:17,822
IN THE PROCESS WHAT WE'RE

1043
00:38:17,822 --> 00:38:19,024
OBSERVING IS METHADONE, WHICH IS

1044
00:38:19,024 --> 00:38:21,226
A VERY EFFECTIVE MEDICATION FOR

1045
00:38:21,226 --> 00:38:25,063
OPIATE USE DISORDER IS BEING

1046
00:38:25,063 --> 00:38:25,964
UNDERUTILIZED.

1047
00:38:25,964 --> 00:38:27,499
METHADONE HAS MORE THAN A

1048
00:38:27,499 --> 00:38:28,166
55-YEAR HISTORY VERSUS

1049
00:38:28,166 --> 00:38:29,601
BUPRENORPHINE THAT HAS A LITTLE

1050
00:38:29,601 --> 00:38:31,636
BIT MORE THAN A TWO DECADE.

1051
00:38:31,636 --> 00:38:33,471
AND JUST LOOK AT THE NUMBERS IN

1052
00:38:33,471 --> 00:38:36,041
DIFFERENCES OF PEOPLE THAT ARE

1053
00:38:36,041 --> 00:38:37,175
RECEIVING -- PATIENTS THAT ARE

1054
00:38:37,175 --> 00:38:38,610
RECEIVING EITHER BUPRENORPHINE

1055
00:38:38,610 --> 00:38:40,178
OR METHADONE, AND YOU CAN SEE

1056
00:38:40,178 --> 00:38:41,746
THAT DESPITE THE FACT THAT

1057
00:38:41,746 --> 00:38:45,283
BUPRENORPHINE IS A MUCH NEWER

1058
00:38:45,283 --> 00:38:46,951
TREATMENT, WE HAVE CLOSE TO

1059
00:38:46,951 --> 00:38:47,619
900,000 PEOPLE RECEIVING

1060
00:38:47,619 --> 00:38:49,320
BUPRENORPHINE, THIS IS AN

1061
00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:50,855
UNDERESTIMATE BECAUSE IT'S ONLY

1062
00:38:50,855 --> 00:38:52,624
RELYING ON RETAIL PHARMACIES.

1063
00:38:52,624 --> 00:38:55,960
WHEREAS THE LOWER ONE IS

1064
00:38:55,960 --> 00:38:57,062
METHADONE, AND YOU CANNOT

1065
00:38:57,062 --> 00:38:58,530
TOTALLY COMPARE THE BLUES AND

1066
00:38:58,530 --> 00:39:01,433
THE BROWNS, BUT BOTTOM LINE IS

1067
00:39:01,433 --> 00:39:02,300
THERE ARE 400,000 PEOPLE BEING

1068
00:39:02,300 --> 00:39:04,502
TREATED WITH METHADONE IN OPIATE

1069
00:39:04,502 --> 00:39:09,107
TREATMENT PROGRAMS.

1070
00:39:09,107 --> 00:39:10,942
IT'S A PITY BECAUSE WE KNOW IF

1071
00:39:10,942 --> 00:39:12,477
YOU LOOK ALSO AT THE

1072
00:39:12,477 --> 00:39:16,614
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STORIES, WE KNOW

1073
00:39:16,614 --> 00:39:17,515
RETENTION IN TREATMENT WITH

1074
00:39:17,515 --> 00:39:21,319
METHADONE IS HIGHER THAN -- WITH

1075
00:39:21,319 --> 00:39:22,020
BUPRENORPHINE.

1076
00:39:22,020 --> 00:39:22,520
BUPRENORPHINE TREATMENT

1077
00:39:22,520 --> 00:39:24,389
RETENTION AT SIX MONTHS IS

1078
00:39:24,389 --> 00:39:25,156
APPROXIMATELY 50%.

1079
00:39:25,156 --> 00:39:28,626
THAT OF METHADONE CAN GO TO 60,

1080
00:39:28,626 --> 00:39:28,993
65%.

1081
00:39:28,993 --> 00:39:30,462
AND IN PARTICULAR WITH A STRONG

1082
00:39:30,462 --> 00:39:31,830
PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE THAT WE ARE

1083
00:39:31,830 --> 00:39:35,800
OBSERVING IN PATIENTS WHO ARE

1084
00:39:35,800 --> 00:39:37,135
ACTUALLY ADDICTED TO FENTANYL,

1085
00:39:37,135 --> 00:39:38,436
INITIATING BUPRENORPHINE CAN BE

1086
00:39:38,436 --> 00:39:40,071
SOMETIMES CHALLENGING, IF THERE

1087
00:39:40,071 --> 00:39:42,740
ARE HIGH LEVELS OF ABOUTDRAWL

1088
00:39:42,740 --> 00:39:44,242
SYMPTOMS, SO INITIATED WITH

1089
00:39:44,242 --> 00:39:45,877
METHADONE OFFERS AN ALTERNATIVE

1090
00:39:45,877 --> 00:39:49,414
THAT COULD BENEFIT MANY

1091
00:39:49,414 --> 00:39:49,781
PATIENTS.

1092
00:39:49,781 --> 00:39:51,549
BUT AGAIN WE HAVE A ROADBLOCK

1093
00:39:51,549 --> 00:39:53,151
EVEN BY THE LIMITED NUMBER OF

1094
00:39:53,151 --> 00:39:56,020
OPIATE TREATMENT PROGRAMS AND

1095
00:39:56,020 --> 00:39:57,622
THE FACT THAT SOME PATIENTS

1096
00:39:57,622 --> 00:39:59,858
DON'T WANT TO GO TO OTPs.

1097
00:39:59,858 --> 00:40:01,226
SO WE'RE INITIATING A TRIAL,

1098
00:40:01,226 --> 00:40:04,429
THIS IS AN OFFICE-BASED

1099
00:40:04,429 --> 00:40:06,064
METHADONE, WITH PHARMACY

1100
00:40:06,064 --> 00:40:06,965
ADMINISTRATION.

1101
00:40:06,965 --> 00:40:07,866
OFFICE-BASED METHADONE HAS BEEN

1102
00:40:07,866 --> 00:40:09,901
SHOWN TO WORK IN MANY OTHER

1103
00:40:09,901 --> 00:40:11,336
COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD, BUT IT'S

1104
00:40:11,336 --> 00:40:13,671
NOT ACCEPTED IN THE UNITED

1105
00:40:13,671 --> 00:40:15,507
STATES SO THIS STUDY WILL

1106
00:40:15,507 --> 00:40:18,243
COMPARE OFFICE-BASED METHADONE

1107
00:40:18,243 --> 00:40:21,446
WITH PHARMACY ADMINISTRATION OR

1108
00:40:21,446 --> 00:40:22,814
DISPENSING VERSUS OFFICE SPACE

1109
00:40:22,814 --> 00:40:26,151
BUPRENORPHINE ON RETENTION IN

1110
00:40:26,151 --> 00:40:27,952
MOUD TREATMENT TO GET A SENSE

1111
00:40:27,952 --> 00:40:31,389
ABOUT WHAT ARE THE OUTCOMES IF

1112
00:40:31,389 --> 00:40:33,491
WE RELY ON OFFICE SPACE AND WHAT

1113
00:40:33,491 --> 00:40:34,592
MAY BE SOME OF THE CHALLENGES IN

1114
00:40:34,592 --> 00:40:40,632
ORDER TO IMPLEMENT IT.

1115
00:40:40,632 --> 00:40:42,100
NOW LET ME GET BACK TO THOSE

1116
00:40:42,100 --> 00:40:45,770
NUMBERS ON THE TABLE AND SAY

1117
00:40:45,770 --> 00:40:47,672
7.5% DECREASE IN OVERDOSE

1118
00:40:47,672 --> 00:40:48,973
MORTALITY MOST OF IT FROM OPEN

1119
00:40:48,973 --> 00:40:50,909
YOITS OF ONE TYPE OR ANOTHER

1120
00:40:50,909 --> 00:40:53,111
INCLUDING FENTANYL.

1121
00:40:53,111 --> 00:40:55,446
BUT THIS DATA IS AN AVERAGE AND

1122
00:40:55,446 --> 00:40:56,314
IT BEHOOVES US TO TRY TO

1123
00:40:56,314 --> 00:40:57,682
UNDERSTAND THAT THE

1124
00:40:57,682 --> 00:40:59,684
DISADVANTAGES AND REDUCTION IN

1125
00:40:59,684 --> 00:41:02,754
OVERDOSES ARE NOT WIDESPREAD

1126
00:41:02,754 --> 00:41:04,856
ACROSS ALL GROUPS OF RACE AND

1127
00:41:04,856 --> 00:41:05,623
DEMOGRAPHICS AND OTHER

1128
00:41:05,623 --> 00:41:05,957
DEMOGRAPHICS.

1129
00:41:05,957 --> 00:41:09,694
AND WHAT IT SHOWS IN WHITE, THE

1130
00:41:09,694 --> 00:41:14,399
GREENISH BLUE, WHITE, THERE ARE

1131
00:41:14,399 --> 00:41:15,733
32.9 AGE-ADJUSTED RATE DEATHS

1132
00:41:15,733 --> 00:41:17,235
PER 100,000 POPULATION, AND I'VE

1133
00:41:17,235 --> 00:41:19,437
SHOWN THIS BECAUSE IT IS

1134
00:41:19,437 --> 00:41:20,672
SHOCKING AND WE HAVE TO KEEP OUR

1135
00:41:20,672 --> 00:41:24,409
EYES ON THIS NUMBER, THE

1136
00:41:24,409 --> 00:41:26,244
DOUBLE -- THE RATE OF MORTALITY

1137
00:41:26,244 --> 00:41:27,779
IS DOUBLE IN AMERICAN INDIA AND

1138
00:41:27,779 --> 00:41:30,548
ALASKA NATIVES.

1139
00:41:30,548 --> 00:41:32,617
IT 65.6 VERSUS 32.9.

1140
00:41:32,617 --> 00:41:36,654
THAT'S BASICALLY 50% LOWER IN

1141
00:41:36,654 --> 00:41:38,122
WHITES THAN NATIVE AMERICANS.

1142
00:41:38,122 --> 00:41:40,358
BUT ALSO LOOK AT THE TRENDS.

1143
00:41:40,358 --> 00:41:43,795
IN THE WHITE PEOPLE IT'S GOING

1144
00:41:43,795 --> 00:41:44,262
DOWN.

1145
00:41:44,262 --> 00:41:45,897
IN THE AMERICAN UNTIL NATIVE

1146
00:41:45,897 --> 00:41:47,031
AMERICANS, UNTIL LAST YEAR,

1147
00:41:47,031 --> 00:41:48,733
WHERE IT SEEMS TO BE SORT OF

1148
00:41:48,733 --> 00:41:49,834
PLATEAUING, BUT CERTAINLY NOT

1149
00:41:49,834 --> 00:41:52,303
GOING DOWN BUT IT HAD GONE -- IT

1150
00:41:52,303 --> 00:41:55,640
WAS RAPIDLY HIGH, VERY, VERY

1151
00:41:55,640 --> 00:41:56,441
STEEPLY.

1152
00:41:56,441 --> 00:41:57,875
ALSO PAY ATTENTION TO THE

1153
00:41:57,875 --> 00:41:59,677
BLACKS, AND THAT HAS BEEN NOTED

1154
00:41:59,677 --> 00:42:01,479
TOO, BLACK PEOPLE ARE DYING AT

1155
00:42:01,479 --> 00:42:02,814
50% HIGHER RATE THAN WHITE

1156
00:42:02,814 --> 00:42:03,648
PEOPLE.

1157
00:42:03,648 --> 00:42:04,616
BUT LOOK AT THE TRENDS.

1158
00:42:04,616 --> 00:42:06,684
THOSE TRENDS ARE NOT GOING DOWN.

1159
00:42:06,684 --> 00:42:09,654
THOSE CONTINUE TO GO UP.

1160
00:42:09,654 --> 00:42:11,322
SO IF WE SAY YES, DEPLOYMENT OF

1161
00:42:11,322 --> 00:42:14,692
THESE MEDICATIONS PROBABLY HAS

1162
00:42:14,692 --> 00:42:15,960
HELPED, WE HAVE TO RECOGNIZE AND

1163
00:42:15,960 --> 00:42:19,397
SAY COULD IT BE POSSIBLE THAT

1164
00:42:19,397 --> 00:42:20,732
THESE GROUPS, THIS DEPLOYMENT

1165
00:42:20,732 --> 00:42:25,670
HAS NOT BEEN SUCCESSFUL, AND OR

1166
00:42:25,670 --> 00:42:27,839
AN ALTERNATIVE THAT THERE ARE

1167
00:42:27,839 --> 00:42:28,640
OTHER CHALLENGES.

1168
00:42:28,640 --> 00:42:31,042
SO RECOGNIZING THE NUMBER OF

1169
00:42:31,042 --> 00:42:31,709
PEOPLE, NATIVE AMERICANS THAT

1170
00:42:31,709 --> 00:42:34,746
ARE DYING FROM OVERDOSES IS SO

1171
00:42:34,746 --> 00:42:35,780
EXTRAORDINARILY HIGH, WE

1172
00:42:35,780 --> 00:42:37,782
LAUNCHED THE MOST LARGEST, MOST

1173
00:42:37,782 --> 00:42:38,983
AMBITIOUS STUDIES THAT WE'VE

1174
00:42:38,983 --> 00:42:41,953
EVER LAUNCHED, AT NIDA IN

1175
00:42:41,953 --> 00:42:46,057
PARTNERSHIP WITH NINDS FUNDED BY

1176
00:42:46,057 --> 00:42:50,895
HEAL DOLLARS TO ACTUALLY EMPOWER

1177
00:42:50,895 --> 00:42:55,800
NATIVE AMERICAN ORGANIZATIONS TO

1178
00:42:55,800 --> 00:42:56,834
LEAD COMMUNITY PROJECTS THAT

1179
00:42:56,834 --> 00:42:57,935
THEY PRIORITIZE.

1180
00:42:57,935 --> 00:43:00,104
NOW, WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

1181
00:43:00,104 --> 00:43:01,372
BECAUSE TO START WITH, THERE IS

1182
00:43:01,372 --> 00:43:06,544
A LACK OF TRUST OF WESTERN

1183
00:43:06,544 --> 00:43:11,516
CULTURE, THERE'S A LACK OF TRUST

1184
00:43:11,516 --> 00:43:12,550
OF GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS, SO

1185
00:43:12,550 --> 00:43:13,885
IT HAS BEEN VERY, VERY DIFFICULT

1186
00:43:13,885 --> 00:43:16,521
TO ENGAGE NATIVE AMERICANS INTO

1187
00:43:16,521 --> 00:43:21,059
THE RESEARCH ENTERPRISE AT NIDA,

1188
00:43:21,059 --> 00:43:21,893
AT THE ALL OF NIH.

1189
00:43:21,893 --> 00:43:24,896
IN FACT NIDA HAS ONE OF THE

1190
00:43:24,896 --> 00:43:26,497
HIGHEST SUCCESS RATES BRINGING

1191
00:43:26,497 --> 00:43:27,498
INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE NATIVE

1192
00:43:27,498 --> 00:43:30,535
AMERICAN BUT IT STILL EXTREMELY

1193
00:43:30,535 --> 00:43:30,868
LOW.

1194
00:43:30,868 --> 00:43:32,737
SOME SAY WHY IS IT, THIS PROGRAM

1195
00:43:32,737 --> 00:43:36,341
WHICH HAS BASICALLY CONCEIVED BY

1196
00:43:36,341 --> 00:43:38,242
DR. KATHY ETZ AND VERY ABLY LED,

1197
00:43:38,242 --> 00:43:39,844
CAME ABOUT BECAUSE OF ALL OF US

1198
00:43:39,844 --> 00:43:42,747
MEETING WITH NATIVE AMERICANS

1199
00:43:42,747 --> 00:43:44,482
AND THEIR TRIBES AND THEIR

1200
00:43:44,482 --> 00:43:47,452
ORGANIZATIONS TO GET INPUT ABOUT

1201
00:43:47,452 --> 00:43:48,820
WHAT IS IT THAT WOULD BE

1202
00:43:48,820 --> 00:43:49,520
VALUABLE FOR THEM?

1203
00:43:49,520 --> 00:43:50,822
IN ONE OF MY FIRST MEETINGS IT

1204
00:43:50,822 --> 00:43:53,324
BECAME CLEAR, THEY WERE

1205
00:43:53,324 --> 00:43:56,027
RECOGNIZING THAT THE PROBLEM OF

1206
00:43:56,027 --> 00:43:57,295
DRUGS WAS DEVASTATING AND AT

1207
00:43:57,295 --> 00:44:01,432
THAT TIME IT WAS PREDOMINANTLY

1208
00:44:01,432 --> 00:44:02,100
METHAMPHETAMINE, BUT THEY DIDN'T

1209
00:44:02,100 --> 00:44:03,568
HAVE AN IDEA ABOUT WHAT THE

1210
00:44:03,568 --> 00:44:04,669
NUMBERS WERE, THEY JUST KNEW

1211
00:44:04,669 --> 00:44:06,771
THEY WERE LOSING PEOPLE BUT WHAT

1212
00:44:06,771 --> 00:44:08,539
WAS THAT MAGNITUDE, AND THEY

1213
00:44:08,539 --> 00:44:11,576
WERE RECORDING IT AS EVEN MORE

1214
00:44:11,576 --> 00:44:13,511
IMPORTANT THAN EVEN WE WOULD SAY

1215
00:44:13,511 --> 00:44:14,412
SERVING WITH ALCOHOL AND

1216
00:44:14,412 --> 00:44:14,946
SUICIDE.

1217
00:44:14,946 --> 00:44:18,149
SO IT WAS CLEAR THAT THEY NEEDED

1218
00:44:18,149 --> 00:44:18,883
DATA.

1219
00:44:18,883 --> 00:44:20,151
IN VISITING MANY OF THESE PLACES

1220
00:44:20,151 --> 00:44:22,053
IT IS ALSO CLEAR THAT THEY DON'T

1221
00:44:22,053 --> 00:44:22,954
HAVE THE INFRASTRUCTURE THAT YOU

1222
00:44:22,954 --> 00:44:27,024
SEE MANY OF THE HEALTHCARE

1223
00:44:27,024 --> 00:44:29,761
CENTER, YOU MAY EVEN BE A NEW

1224
00:44:29,761 --> 00:44:30,528
INVESTIGATOR BUT SOMEONE IS

1225
00:44:30,528 --> 00:44:31,963
GUIDING YOU ON HOW TO APPLY FOR

1226
00:44:31,963 --> 00:44:33,998
THE IRB, WHAT ARE THE SUPPORTS,

1227
00:44:33,998 --> 00:44:35,032
THAT DOESN'T EXIST.

1228
00:44:35,032 --> 00:44:38,336
SO WHAT DR. KATHY ETZ SAID IS

1229
00:44:38,336 --> 00:44:39,537
WHY DON'T WE CREATE THIS

1230
00:44:39,537 --> 00:44:41,806
INITIATIVE TO BUILD UP AND

1231
00:44:41,806 --> 00:44:43,040
EMPOWER NATIVE AMERICANS, TRIBES

1232
00:44:43,040 --> 00:44:44,342
AND ORGANIZATIONS THAT ARE AT

1233
00:44:44,342 --> 00:44:46,010
DIFFERENT STAGES OF THEIR

1234
00:44:46,010 --> 00:44:49,981
READINESS TO DO RESEARCH SO THAT

1235
00:44:49,981 --> 00:44:52,350
THEY CAN THEN BECOME ACTIVE

1236
00:44:52,350 --> 00:44:52,950
MEMBERS.

1237
00:44:52,950 --> 00:44:55,553
THE PROJECT WAS JUST RECENTLY

1238
00:44:55,553 --> 00:44:56,387
AWARDED.

1239
00:44:56,387 --> 00:44:59,590
IT'S DIVIDED IN TWO PHASES,

1240
00:44:59,590 --> 00:45:02,894
PHASE 1, 24-25, AND PHASE 2,

1241
00:45:02,894 --> 00:45:03,928
26-30.

1242
00:45:03,928 --> 00:45:06,697
THE FIRST PROJECT IS

1243
00:45:06,697 --> 00:45:08,366
BASICALLY -- PHASE 1 IS TO

1244
00:45:08,366 --> 00:45:12,637
DEVELOP A PLAN, AND IT'S

1245
00:45:12,637 --> 00:45:13,104
DEPLOYING $25 MILLION.

1246
00:45:13,104 --> 00:45:15,907
WE HAVE SELECTED ALREADY 15

1247
00:45:15,907 --> 00:45:18,242
SITES, SO NATIVE AMERICAN

1248
00:45:18,242 --> 00:45:19,877
INVESTIGATORS AND ASSOCIATED

1249
00:45:19,877 --> 00:45:21,746
ORGANIZATIONS TO START TO FUND

1250
00:45:21,746 --> 00:45:24,816
THEM, AND IT INCLUDES NATIVE

1251
00:45:24,816 --> 00:45:25,917
RESOURCE NETWORK TO PROVIDE

1252
00:45:25,917 --> 00:45:27,785
TRAINING RESOURCES AND PROGRAM

1253
00:45:27,785 --> 00:45:28,319
COORDINATION.

1254
00:45:28,319 --> 00:45:30,388
SO YES, THE AIM IS TO ENHANCE

1255
00:45:30,388 --> 00:45:32,990
CAPACITY TO CONDUCT LOCALLY

1256
00:45:32,990 --> 00:45:34,659
PRIORITIZED RESEARCH, TO IMPROVE

1257
00:45:34,659 --> 00:45:38,529
ACCESS AND QUALITY OF THE DATA,

1258
00:45:38,529 --> 00:45:39,797
AND TO LEAD COMMUNITY

1259
00:45:39,797 --> 00:45:40,765
PRIORITIZED RESEARCH PROJECTS

1260
00:45:40,765 --> 00:45:42,166
WHICH WILL BASICALLY BE DEPLOYED

1261
00:45:42,166 --> 00:45:43,568
AT THE HIGHER LEVEL DURING THE

1262
00:45:43,568 --> 00:45:44,101
PHASE 2.

1263
00:45:44,101 --> 00:45:45,436
YOU CAN SEE THE DIFFERENCES IN

1264
00:45:45,436 --> 00:45:47,171
TERMS OF INVESTMENT.

1265
00:45:47,171 --> 00:45:49,040
SO AGAIN, I'M VERY, VERY

1266
00:45:49,040 --> 00:45:50,241
GRATEFUL FOR ALL OF THE

1267
00:45:50,241 --> 00:45:51,342
LEADERSHIP AND THE EFFORT THAT

1268
00:45:51,342 --> 00:45:55,179
CAME ABOUT FOR THIS PROGRAM.

1269
00:45:55,179 --> 00:45:56,514
SO IT WAS THREE WEEKS AGO THAT

1270
00:45:56,514 --> 00:46:00,885
WE WENT AND VISITED ONE OF THE

1271
00:46:00,885 --> 00:46:03,421
SITES THAT WAS SELECTED AS A

1272
00:46:03,421 --> 00:46:04,155
GRANTEE.

1273
00:46:04,155 --> 00:46:06,390
YOU SEE ME THERE BY THE SIDE TO

1274
00:46:06,390 --> 00:46:07,792
MY RIGHT IS DR. MONICA

1275
00:46:07,792 --> 00:46:10,127
BERTAGNOLLI.

1276
00:46:10,127 --> 00:46:12,897
SO IT WAS EXTRAORDINARY TO SEE

1277
00:46:12,897 --> 00:46:14,499
THE COMMITMENT THAT OUR DIRECTOR

1278
00:46:14,499 --> 00:46:15,933
OF THE NIH HAS IN HELPING TO

1279
00:46:15,933 --> 00:46:18,870
ADVANCE THE SCIENCE IN NATIVE

1280
00:46:18,870 --> 00:46:20,571
AMERICANS, AND HER VISION TO

1281
00:46:20,571 --> 00:46:24,609
ACTUALLY ENSURING THAT WE CAN

1282
00:46:24,609 --> 00:46:26,244
PROVIDE RESEARCH THAT CAN HELP

1283
00:46:26,244 --> 00:46:28,513
THOSE COMMUNITIES.

1284
00:46:28,513 --> 00:46:29,881
SO SHE ALSO BROUGHT ALONG WITH

1285
00:46:29,881 --> 00:46:31,716
HER, YOU SEE THERE, SUSAN

1286
00:46:31,716 --> 00:46:34,952
GREGORY TO THE RIGHT, AND THIS

1287
00:46:34,952 --> 00:46:38,422
IS THE DIRECTOR OF DATA SCIENCE

1288
00:46:38,422 --> 00:46:39,490
AT THE NIH.

1289
00:46:39,490 --> 00:46:40,625
AGAIN, EXTREMELY IMPORTANT

1290
00:46:40,625 --> 00:46:42,660
BECAUSE TO THE EXTENT THAT WE

1291
00:46:42,660 --> 00:46:44,161
CAN EMPOWER THESE COMMUNITIES TO

1292
00:46:44,161 --> 00:46:46,063
GENERATE THEIR DATA, TO OWN IT,

1293
00:46:46,063 --> 00:46:47,565
AND TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IT,

1294
00:46:47,565 --> 00:46:50,167
THAT CAN BE VERY, VERY CONKS

1295
00:46:50,167 --> 00:46:52,270
QENGS.

1296
00:46:52,270 --> 00:46:52,603
CONSEQUENTIAL.

1297
00:46:52,603 --> 00:46:53,604
THESE ARE THE OTHER SITES THAT

1298
00:46:53,604 --> 00:46:55,172
WERE SELECTED, 15 SITES.

1299
00:46:55,172 --> 00:46:57,041
THE KICKOFF MEETING IS GOING TO

1300
00:46:57,041 --> 00:46:58,109
BE TOWARDS THE END OF THIS

1301
00:46:58,109 --> 00:46:59,277
MONTH.

1302
00:46:59,277 --> 00:47:01,946
SO WE'LL BE GIVING YOU UPDATES

1303
00:47:01,946 --> 00:47:02,647
ON THIS.

1304
00:47:02,647 --> 00:47:04,549
AND THESE ARE SOME OF THE --

1305
00:47:04,549 --> 00:47:05,983
JUST EXAMPLE OF OUR RESEARCH

1306
00:47:05,983 --> 00:47:07,385
ACTIVITIES FOR THE SUBSTANCE USE

1307
00:47:07,385 --> 00:47:08,252
DISORDER.

1308
00:47:08,252 --> 00:47:10,755
THEY ARE SIMILAR EXAMPLES FOR

1309
00:47:10,755 --> 00:47:12,490
PAIN, SO WE'RE HIGHLIGHTING

1310
00:47:12,490 --> 00:47:15,226
BOTH, ADVANCING PAIN WHICH HAS A

1311
00:47:15,226 --> 00:47:16,427
MUCH HIGHER PREVALENCE OF NATIVE

1312
00:47:16,427 --> 00:47:17,962
AMERICANS THAN THE NON-NATIVE

1313
00:47:17,962 --> 00:47:18,529
AMERICANS.

1314
00:47:18,529 --> 00:47:21,699
AND ALSO TO CREATE OUR RESEARCH

1315
00:47:21,699 --> 00:47:22,667
CAPACITY BUILDING, WHICH IS

1316
00:47:22,667 --> 00:47:24,735
CRUCIAL AND FUNDAMENTAL, AND

1317
00:47:24,735 --> 00:47:28,039
CENTRAL FOR THIS INITIATIVE.

1318
00:47:28,039 --> 00:47:29,574
BUT THAT BRINGS ME TO THE OTHER

1319
00:47:29,574 --> 00:47:31,208
GROUP, THAT GROUP OF AFRICAN

1320
00:47:31,208 --> 00:47:31,943
AMERICANS, BLACK AMERICANS,

1321
00:47:31,943 --> 00:47:34,946
WHICH IS THE OTHER ONE THAT

1322
00:47:34,946 --> 00:47:36,681
ACTUALLY IS DISPROPORTIONATELY

1323
00:47:36,681 --> 00:47:37,048
AFFECTED.

1324
00:47:37,048 --> 00:47:38,482
AND I'M SHOWING YOU THESE

1325
00:47:38,482 --> 00:47:39,684
NUMBERS BECAUSE, AGAIN, WE NEED

1326
00:47:39,684 --> 00:47:41,252
TO UNDERSTAND WHAT ARE THE

1327
00:47:41,252 --> 00:47:43,421
DYNAMICS THAT ARE MAKING THEM

1328
00:47:43,421 --> 00:47:44,689
VULNERABLE AND HOW TO TARGET

1329
00:47:44,689 --> 00:47:45,623
THEM.

1330
00:47:45,623 --> 00:47:48,726
COULD IT BE THAT THEY ARE DYING

1331
00:47:48,726 --> 00:47:50,828
BECAUSE WE ARE NOT DEPLOYS

1332
00:47:50,828 --> 00:47:52,229
NALOXONE OR MEDICATIONS FOR

1333
00:47:52,229 --> 00:47:53,464
OPIOID USE DISORDER JUST SORT OF

1334
00:47:53,464 --> 00:47:55,032
IN A WAY THAT IS ACCEPTABLE

1335
00:47:55,032 --> 00:47:58,402
TODAY OR THEY CAN ACTUALLY --

1336
00:47:58,402 --> 00:48:00,871
CAN'T STAY WITH OTHER TREATMENT?

1337
00:48:00,871 --> 00:48:02,807
OR ARE THERE OTHER FACTORS THAT

1338
00:48:02,807 --> 00:48:03,674
PLAY AROUND.

1339
00:48:03,674 --> 00:48:05,810
WHEN I WAS LOOKING AT DATA THAT

1340
00:48:05,810 --> 00:48:07,845
I GET PERIODICALLY FROM

1341
00:48:07,845 --> 00:48:08,813
DR. EMILY EINSTEIN AND HER

1342
00:48:08,813 --> 00:48:10,147
GROUP, ACTUALLY SHE SENT ME THE

1343
00:48:10,147 --> 00:48:12,149
DATA ON OVERDOSES BY AGE, AND

1344
00:48:12,149 --> 00:48:14,185
I'M SHOWING YOU JUST THE

1345
00:48:14,185 --> 00:48:16,921
OVERDOSES BY AGE OF INDIVIDUALS

1346
00:48:16,921 --> 00:48:22,927
THAT ARE 55 TO 64 YEARS BY RACE,

1347
00:48:22,927 --> 00:48:25,796
AND IT CAUGHT MY EYE BECAUSE

1348
00:48:25,796 --> 00:48:27,431
NORMALLY WE SEE OVERDOSES IN

1349
00:48:27,431 --> 00:48:29,500
YOUNGER PEOPLE, RIGHT, 25 TO 44,

1350
00:48:29,500 --> 00:48:31,369
AND WE DON'T THINK OF PEOPLE

1351
00:48:31,369 --> 00:48:32,637
OVER 55 YEARS OF AGE AND

1352
00:48:32,637 --> 00:48:33,938
CERTAINLY NOT MORE THAN 65 YEARS

1353
00:48:33,938 --> 00:48:35,373
OF AGE AS PEOPLE TAKING DRUGS,

1354
00:48:35,373 --> 00:48:36,707
BUT WHAT WE ARE SEEING ARE

1355
00:48:36,707 --> 00:48:37,808
SIGNIFICANT INCREASES OF THE

1356
00:48:37,808 --> 00:48:39,243
MORTALITY IN THESE AGE GROUPS,

1357
00:48:39,243 --> 00:48:41,445
BUT IF YOU THEN GO AND DWELL ON

1358
00:48:41,445 --> 00:48:43,981
THE RACE AND ETHNICITY, YOU CAN

1359
00:48:43,981 --> 00:48:46,817
SEE THAT, AGAIN, FOR INDIVIDUALS

1360
00:48:46,817 --> 00:48:49,253
AGE 55 AND 64, THE AMERICAN

1361
00:48:49,253 --> 00:48:51,589
INDIAN OR ALASKA NATIVES ARE

1362
00:48:51,589 --> 00:48:55,860
VERY, VERY HIGH, BUT EVEN HIGHER

1363
00:48:55,860 --> 00:48:58,362
FOR THIS AGE GROUP ARE THE BLACK

1364
00:48:58,362 --> 00:48:59,163
AFRICAN AMERICANS, THAT'S THE

1365
00:48:59,163 --> 00:49:06,003
JELL-O, THE SYELLOW, THE STRONGS

1366
00:49:06,003 --> 00:49:06,871
HAVE THREE TIMES GREATER

1367
00:49:06,871 --> 00:49:09,740
MORTALITY IN FEMALES IN

1368
00:49:09,740 --> 00:49:10,007
OVERDOSES.

1369
00:49:10,007 --> 00:49:11,409
THEN 50 TO THE RIGHT, THESE ARE

1370
00:49:11,409 --> 00:49:13,277
PEOPLE AGE 65 OR OLDER, NORMALLY

1371
00:49:13,277 --> 00:49:14,378
TYPICALLY VERY, VERY LOW RATES

1372
00:49:14,378 --> 00:49:15,713
OF OVERDOSES.

1373
00:49:15,713 --> 00:49:16,580
LOOK AT THE AFRICAN AMERICAN,

1374
00:49:16,580 --> 00:49:20,184
THE OVERDOSES OF 87 PER 100,000.

1375
00:49:20,184 --> 00:49:22,486
AND YOU LOOK AT IT AND YOU SAY,

1376
00:49:22,486 --> 00:49:24,288
WELL, WHAT IS KILLING THEM?

1377
00:49:24,288 --> 00:49:25,423
INTERESTINGLY, THERE ARE TWO

1378
00:49:25,423 --> 00:49:27,458
DRUGS THAT ARE DRIVING THE

1379
00:49:27,458 --> 00:49:29,460
OVERDOSE DEATHS IN 65 YEARS OR

1380
00:49:29,460 --> 00:49:29,660
OLDER.

1381
00:49:29,660 --> 00:49:32,196
AND IT IS COCAINE AND FENTANYL.

1382
00:49:32,196 --> 00:49:34,498
AND INTERESTINGLY, AND AGAIN,

1383
00:49:34,498 --> 00:49:35,633
METHAMPHETAMINE DOES NOT SEEM TO

1384
00:49:35,633 --> 00:49:37,401
PLAY VERY MUCH OF A ROLE, AND

1385
00:49:37,401 --> 00:49:40,137
HEROIN IS VERY, VERY MINIMAL.

1386
00:49:40,137 --> 00:49:42,573
SO THIS IS THE EXPOSURE TO

1387
00:49:42,573 --> 00:49:43,908
FENTANYL ON THE ONE HAND, BUT

1388
00:49:43,908 --> 00:49:45,409
ALSO COCAINE AND LIKELY

1389
00:49:45,409 --> 00:49:46,177
COMBINATION THAT ARE PUTTING

1390
00:49:46,177 --> 00:49:48,612
THEM AT RISK.

1391
00:49:48,612 --> 00:49:51,348
THIS IS SO NOTABLE THAT "THE NEW

1392
00:49:51,348 --> 00:49:53,517
YORK TIMES" HAD A WHOLE

1393
00:49:53,517 --> 00:49:56,554
EDITORIAL ARTICLE PUBLISHED ON

1394
00:49:56,554 --> 00:49:58,389
JUNE 3, 2024 COMMENTING ABOUT

1395
00:49:58,389 --> 00:50:01,258
HOW RAPIDLY THE OVERDOSE DEATHS

1396
00:50:01,258 --> 00:50:02,526
HAVE GROWN AMONG BLACK AMERICANS

1397
00:50:02,526 --> 00:50:03,427
IN THE UNITED STATES,

1398
00:50:03,427 --> 00:50:05,196
PARTICULARLY MEN.

1399
00:50:05,196 --> 00:50:06,630
ACTUALLY YOU CAN SEE IN THAT

1400
00:50:06,630 --> 00:50:08,365
GRAPH THAT BLACK WOMEN AND WHITE

1401
00:50:08,365 --> 00:50:10,034
WOMEN HAVE VERY SIMILAR RATES.

1402
00:50:10,034 --> 00:50:11,569
IT'S THE BLACK MEN THAT YOU HAVE

1403
00:50:11,569 --> 00:50:12,570
THE OVERREPRESENTATION.

1404
00:50:12,570 --> 00:50:15,439
AND THEN THEY WENT ON AND DID AN

1405
00:50:15,439 --> 00:50:17,408
ARTICLE ON BOTH -- THAT

1406
00:50:17,408 --> 00:50:18,943
BASICALLY WAS IDENTIFYING

1407
00:50:18,943 --> 00:50:20,010
INDIVIDUALS MORE THAN 65 YEARS

1408
00:50:20,010 --> 00:50:22,880
OF AGE ACTUALLY AS HAVING DIED

1409
00:50:22,880 --> 00:50:26,417
AT GREATER RATE DURING THE COVID

1410
00:50:26,417 --> 00:50:32,923
PAN DEVPANDEMIC OF OVERDOSES FRM

1411
00:50:32,923 --> 00:50:33,224
COVID.

1412
00:50:33,224 --> 00:50:35,526
AND THIS IS THE AGE GROUP OF

1413
00:50:35,526 --> 00:50:36,827
HIGH RISK, AGAIN, AFRICAN

1414
00:50:36,827 --> 00:50:38,395
AMERICANS EXTREMELY HIGH RISK

1415
00:50:38,395 --> 00:50:41,031
FOR COVID DEATHS, EMTREEMLY,

1416
00:50:41,031 --> 00:50:42,199
HIGH, HIGH RISK AND YET THERE

1417
00:50:42,199 --> 00:50:44,135
WERE MORE PEOPLE FROM OVERDOSES

1418
00:50:44,135 --> 00:50:44,835
IN THIS AGE RANGE.

1419
00:50:44,835 --> 00:50:46,904
HIGH LIEGHT THE QUESTION AND THE

1420
00:50:46,904 --> 00:50:48,105
QUESTION, WHAT IS DRIVING THESE

1421
00:50:48,105 --> 00:50:49,273
VERY, VERY HIGH RATES OF

1422
00:50:49,273 --> 00:50:49,907
MORTALITY?

1423
00:50:49,907 --> 00:50:52,276
SO JUST LIKE WE CONCEIVE AN

1424
00:50:52,276 --> 00:50:53,177
INITIATIVE TO TARGET RESEARCH

1425
00:50:53,177 --> 00:50:54,512
THAT CAN HELP ADVANCE

1426
00:50:54,512 --> 00:50:55,679
INTERVENTIONS FOR NATIVE

1427
00:50:55,679 --> 00:50:59,650
AMERICAN, IT BEHOOVES US TO

1428
00:50:59,650 --> 00:51:01,285
IDENTIFY -- THAT CAN HELP

1429
00:51:01,285 --> 00:51:03,754
TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN

1430
00:51:03,754 --> 00:51:05,823
INDIVIDUALS WITH SUBSTANCE USE

1431
00:51:05,823 --> 00:51:07,691
DISORDER THAT ARE BLACK AND WITH

1432
00:51:07,691 --> 00:51:09,093
SPECIAL ALSO EMPHASIS IN ALL THE

1433
00:51:09,093 --> 00:51:13,430
GROUPS WHICH IS NOT AGAIN A

1434
00:51:13,430 --> 00:51:15,933
DEMOGRAPHIC THAT WE HAVE DONE

1435
00:51:15,933 --> 00:51:17,234
MUCH RESEARCH ON.

1436
00:51:17,234 --> 00:51:18,669
AND THEN THIS CHANGES THE TONE

1437
00:51:18,669 --> 00:51:22,640
OF MY PRESENTATION FROM GOING

1438
00:51:22,640 --> 00:51:26,710
INTO IDENTIFYING SOME OF THE

1439
00:51:26,710 --> 00:51:27,878
IMPLEMENTATION SERVICES RESEARCH

1440
00:51:27,878 --> 00:51:29,413
TOWARDS ADVANCING MEDICATIONS.

1441
00:51:29,413 --> 00:51:31,315
I DID MENTION BEFORE THAT ONE OF

1442
00:51:31,315 --> 00:51:34,151
THE CHALLENGES THAT WE HAVE WITH

1443
00:51:34,151 --> 00:51:35,152
BUPRENORPHINE EVEN, WITH

1444
00:51:35,152 --> 00:51:37,855
METHADONE, IS RETENTION.

1445
00:51:37,855 --> 00:51:39,790
RETENTION IS POOR, AND SO ONE OF

1446
00:51:39,790 --> 00:51:41,292
THE PRIORITIES OF THE

1447
00:51:41,292 --> 00:51:43,093
INSTITUTES, AND WE HAVE BEEN

1448
00:51:43,093 --> 00:51:44,395
ASKING RESEARCHERS TO

1449
00:51:44,395 --> 00:51:46,397
INVESTIGATE, WHAT IS IT THAT CAN

1450
00:51:46,397 --> 00:51:47,965
BE BEING DONE TO IMPROVE

1451
00:51:47,965 --> 00:51:49,133
RETENTION OF PEOPLE ON

1452
00:51:49,133 --> 00:51:50,467
MEDICATIONS FOR OPIOID USE

1453
00:51:50,467 --> 00:51:51,435
DISORDER?

1454
00:51:51,435 --> 00:51:52,736
AND WE'VE ALSO RECOGNIZED THE

1455
00:51:52,736 --> 00:51:54,939
NEED FOR MEDICATION FOR THE

1456
00:51:54,939 --> 00:52:00,744
TREATMENT OF STIMULANTS,

1457
00:52:00,744 --> 00:52:01,812
ACTUALLY SIGNIFICANTLY

1458
00:52:01,812 --> 00:52:02,613
CONTRIBUTING TO OVERDOSE

1459
00:52:02,613 --> 00:52:03,280
MORTALITY AND WE DON'T HAVE

1460
00:52:03,280 --> 00:52:03,747
ANYTHING.

1461
00:52:03,747 --> 00:52:05,015
SO IN THIS BACKGROUND, IT COMES

1462
00:52:05,015 --> 00:52:06,750
TO EVERYONE'S ATTENTION, THIS

1463
00:52:06,750 --> 00:52:09,019
HAS BEEN IN THE LAY PUBLIC

1464
00:52:09,019 --> 00:52:09,920
PRESS, IT HAS BEEN IN THE

1465
00:52:09,920 --> 00:52:11,188
TELEVISION NEWS, IT HAS BEEN IN

1466
00:52:11,188 --> 00:52:16,594
THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.

1467
00:52:16,594 --> 00:52:17,661
INITIALLY BROUGHT ABOUT BY

1468
00:52:17,661 --> 00:52:23,067
PATIENTS THAT ARE BEING TREATED

1469
00:52:23,067 --> 00:52:27,204
WITH ANTAGONIST DRUGS LIKE

1470
00:52:27,204 --> 00:52:33,711
OZEMPIC FOR OBESITY OR MANJARO,

1471
00:52:33,711 --> 00:52:34,778
THEY DON'T HAVE DESIRE TO DRINK

1472
00:52:34,778 --> 00:52:37,348
OR THEY DON'T HAVE DESIRE TO

1473
00:52:37,348 --> 00:52:40,384
SMOKE TOBACCO LED RESEARCHERS TO

1474
00:52:40,384 --> 00:52:41,952
DO SMALL CLINICAL TRIALS.

1475
00:52:41,952 --> 00:52:46,924
IT SEEMS TO ACTUALLY REDUCE --

1476
00:52:46,924 --> 00:52:49,660
THERE WAS A PRESENTATION OF A

1477
00:52:49,660 --> 00:52:50,594
RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL ON

1478
00:52:50,594 --> 00:52:53,197
ALCOHOL USE DISORDER THAT SHOWED

1479
00:52:53,197 --> 00:52:55,633
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE HEAVY

1480
00:52:55,633 --> 00:52:56,066
DRINKING BASE.

1481
00:52:56,066 --> 00:53:01,605
ITDRINKING DAYS, IT WAS A POSITE

1482
00:53:01,605 --> 00:53:01,972
OUT COME.

1483
00:53:01,972 --> 00:53:04,174
THERE ARE MULTIPLE STUDIES DONE

1484
00:53:04,174 --> 00:53:07,344
BASED ON ELECTRONIC HEALTHCARE

1485
00:53:07,344 --> 00:53:09,013
RECORDS, AGAIN REPRODUCING ONE

1486
00:53:09,013 --> 00:53:10,681
ANOTHER, THE USE OF THESE

1487
00:53:10,681 --> 00:53:11,782
MEDICATIONS IN PEOPLE WITH

1488
00:53:11,782 --> 00:53:13,984
DIABETES OR OBESITY THAT ALSO

1489
00:53:13,984 --> 00:53:15,619
HAVE A SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER

1490
00:53:15,619 --> 00:53:19,456
ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCTION OF

1491
00:53:19,456 --> 00:53:20,791
THEIR SUBSTANCE USE DISTORD.

1492
00:53:20,791 --> 00:53:22,493
THIS HAS BEEN DOCUMENTED FOR

1493
00:53:22,493 --> 00:53:28,365
TOBACCO, ALCOHOL, CANNA BUSIN 

1494
00:53:28,365 --> 00:53:30,067
BUSINESS, FOR OPIOID USE

1495
00:53:30,067 --> 00:53:30,834
DISORDER.

1496
00:53:30,834 --> 00:53:33,137
BUT SO THE ISSUE HAS COME ABOUT,

1497
00:53:33,137 --> 00:53:34,171
PEOPLE START TO BE PRESCRIBING

1498
00:53:34,171 --> 00:53:36,040
THESE MEDICATIONS FOR SUBSTANCE

1499
00:53:36,040 --> 00:53:38,042
USE DISORDER AND I SELECTED A

1500
00:53:38,042 --> 00:53:38,943
PAPER AT THE END TO THE RIGHT

1501
00:53:38,943 --> 00:53:41,211
BECAUSE IT SAYS GLP RECEPTOR

1502
00:53:41,211 --> 00:53:43,447
AGONISTS ARE PROMISING BUT THEY

1503
00:53:43,447 --> 00:53:44,748
ARE UNPROVEN TREATMENTS FOR

1504
00:53:44,748 --> 00:53:45,816
ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USE

1505
00:53:45,816 --> 00:53:46,417
DISORDER.

1506
00:53:46,417 --> 00:53:47,618
AND I SELECTED IT BECAUSE IT

1507
00:53:47,618 --> 00:53:50,387
DOES REQUIRE -- AND TODAY, IT IS

1508
00:53:50,387 --> 00:53:51,822
OUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE

1509
00:53:51,822 --> 00:53:53,524
THAT THE RESEARCH IS DONE THAT

1510
00:53:53,524 --> 00:53:55,859
CAN ACTUALLY DETERMINE WHAT IS

1511
00:53:55,859 --> 00:53:58,395
THE EFFICACY OF THESE

1512
00:53:58,395 --> 00:54:00,564
MEDICATIONS FOR WHAT AND HOW TO

1513
00:54:00,564 --> 00:54:01,298
USE THEM.

1514
00:54:01,298 --> 00:54:02,299
SO WE HAVE BEEN FUNDING NOW FOR

1515
00:54:02,299 --> 00:54:06,036
MANY YEARS, FOR MORE THAN A

1516
00:54:06,036 --> 00:54:09,073
DECADE, FOR CLINICAL STORIES

1517
00:54:09,073 --> 00:54:12,543
THAT DOCUMENT ANTAGONIST

1518
00:54:12,543 --> 00:54:15,746
MEDICATION SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE

1519
00:54:15,746 --> 00:54:19,616
REWARDING EFFECTS OF DRUGS IN

1520
00:54:19,616 --> 00:54:22,586
RATS AND YESTERDAY THERE WAS A

1521
00:54:22,586 --> 00:54:25,656
WHOLE DAY, SUPERB SYMPOSIUM

1522
00:54:25,656 --> 00:54:26,924
ORGANIZED BY THE NATIONAL

1523
00:54:26,924 --> 00:54:28,692
ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ENGINEERING

1524
00:54:28,692 --> 00:54:34,498
AND MEDICINE ON THE POTENTIAL

1525
00:54:34,498 --> 00:54:35,165
FOR NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASES.

1526
00:54:35,165 --> 00:54:36,934
IT IS QUITE FASCINATING TO SEE

1527
00:54:36,934 --> 00:54:39,670
HOW THESE MEDICATIONS THAT HAVE

1528
00:54:39,670 --> 00:54:41,538
PROFOUND EFFECTS IN REDUCING

1529
00:54:41,538 --> 00:54:43,774
OBESITY AND IMPROVING OUTCOMES

1530
00:54:43,774 --> 00:54:45,275
IN DIABETES ARE HAVING PROFOUND

1531
00:54:45,275 --> 00:54:47,811
EFFECT IN REVERSING SOME OF THE

1532
00:54:47,811 --> 00:54:49,013
NEUROINFLAMMATION THAT IS

1533
00:54:49,013 --> 00:54:51,115
ASSOCIATED WITH MANY NARROW

1534
00:54:51,115 --> 00:54:53,217
PSYCHIATRIC DISEASES.

1535
00:54:53,217 --> 00:54:56,820
SO -- AND IN SUBSTANCE USE

1536
00:54:56,820 --> 00:54:59,390
DISORDER, THESE MEDICATIONS

1537
00:54:59,390 --> 00:55:01,025
PRODUCE SATIETY, SO WHAT ABOUT

1538
00:55:01,025 --> 00:55:02,559
SATIETY WITH DRUGS.

1539
00:55:02,559 --> 00:55:06,697
THERE'S ALSO THE DATA FROM

1540
00:55:06,697 --> 00:55:08,699
PRE-CLINICAL MODELS INDICATES

1541
00:55:08,699 --> 00:55:10,768
THIS IS EXPRESSED IN THE

1542
00:55:10,768 --> 00:55:14,304
DOPAMINE NEURONS, IN THE BTA,

1543
00:55:14,304 --> 00:55:15,606
THERE IS SOME CONTROVERSY

1544
00:55:15,606 --> 00:55:16,640
WHETHER IT IS IN THE DOPAMINE

1545
00:55:16,640 --> 00:55:20,644
NEURONS OR NOT, BUT IF THESE ARE

1546
00:55:20,644 --> 00:55:24,615
EXPRESSED THAT -- DOPAMINE CELLS

1547
00:55:24,615 --> 00:55:27,017
AND THE AGONIST WILL ENHANCE

1548
00:55:27,017 --> 00:55:27,751
THAT IN ADDITION.

1549
00:55:27,751 --> 00:55:30,254
SO THERE IS A LOT OF

1550
00:55:30,254 --> 00:55:31,188
PRE-CLINICAL WORK PROVIDING

1551
00:55:31,188 --> 00:55:32,256
EVIDENCE WHY THIS COULD WORK,

1552
00:55:32,256 --> 00:55:33,891
AND THESE ARE SOME OF THE

1553
00:55:33,891 --> 00:55:35,759
EXAMPLES OF TRIALS THAT WERE

1554
00:55:35,759 --> 00:55:36,860
CURRENTLY FUNDED THROUGH OUR

1555
00:55:36,860 --> 00:55:38,896
GRANT PORTFOLIO AT DTMC OR A

1556
00:55:38,896 --> 00:55:41,031
PROJECT THAT IS BEING ACTUALLY

1557
00:55:41,031 --> 00:55:42,933
PREPARED BY THE CLINICAL TRIAL

1558
00:55:42,933 --> 00:55:47,971
NETWORK TO EVALUATE -- TO --

1559
00:55:47,971 --> 00:55:48,906
BUPRENORPHINE FOR TREATMENT OF

1560
00:55:48,906 --> 00:55:50,407
OPIOID USE DISORDER WITH A MAIN

1561
00:55:50,407 --> 00:55:51,241
OUT COME ACTUALLY BEING

1562
00:55:51,241 --> 00:55:52,276
RETENTION AND TREATMENT TO SEE

1563
00:55:52,276 --> 00:55:53,710
IF IT CAN ACTUALLY IMPROVE

1564
00:55:53,710 --> 00:55:56,413
RETENTION AND TREATMENT.

1565
00:55:56,413 --> 00:55:58,515
AND THEN FROM THE BASIC SCIENCE,

1566
00:55:58,515 --> 00:56:00,184
I ACTUALLY SELECTED ONE PAPER

1567
00:56:00,184 --> 00:56:02,920
WHICH ACTUALLY -- THAT IS VERY

1568
00:56:02,920 --> 00:56:05,322
NOTORIOUS IN MULTIPLE THINGS.

1569
00:56:05,322 --> 00:56:06,557
IN ONE OF THEM, BECAUSE IT'S

1570
00:56:06,557 --> 00:56:10,627
PART OF OUR AVANT-GARDE PROGRAM

1571
00:56:10,627 --> 00:56:12,596
FOR HIV THAT ENCOURAGES

1572
00:56:12,596 --> 00:56:16,233
RESEARCHERS TO TAKE RISKS, TO GO

1573
00:56:16,233 --> 00:56:18,535
AFTER COMPLETELY INNOVATIVE

1574
00:56:18,535 --> 00:56:20,404
IDEAS ON HOW TO ADDRESS THE

1575
00:56:20,404 --> 00:56:22,806
PROBLEM OF HIV AND THE

1576
00:56:22,806 --> 00:56:24,374
ASSOCIATION WITH SUBSTANCE USE

1577
00:56:24,374 --> 00:56:24,641
DISORDER.

1578
00:56:24,641 --> 00:56:29,346
THIS WAS A PAPER BY ONE OF THE

1579
00:56:29,346 --> 00:56:30,848
GRANTEES, AND ACTUALLY TAKING

1580
00:56:30,848 --> 00:56:32,282
ADVANTAGE OF SOMETHING THAT IS

1581
00:56:32,282 --> 00:56:35,285
KNOWN, THAT WHEN THE HIV VIRUS

1582
00:56:35,285 --> 00:56:38,122
REPLICATE, SOMETIMES THERE ARE

1583
00:56:38,122 --> 00:56:40,023
DEFECTS THAT OCCUR IN THAT HIV

1584
00:56:40,023 --> 00:56:41,525
VIRUS THAT ACTUALLY LEAD TO A

1585
00:56:41,525 --> 00:56:43,627
VIRAL PARTICLE THAT COMPETES

1586
00:56:43,627 --> 00:56:45,662
WITH THE ORIGINAL HIV PARTICLE.

1587
00:56:45,662 --> 00:56:50,534
SO THEY TOOK THAT CONCEPT AND

1588
00:56:50,534 --> 00:56:52,302
FURTHER MODIFIED THESE PARTICLES

1589
00:56:52,302 --> 00:56:54,304
IN SUCH A WAY THAT THEY CAN

1590
00:56:54,304 --> 00:56:56,140
GENERATE A VIRAL PARTICLE THAT

1591
00:56:56,140 --> 00:56:58,742
INTERFERES WITH THE REPLICATION

1592
00:56:58,742 --> 00:57:02,646
OF THE HIV VIRUS, AND IN

1593
00:57:02,646 --> 00:57:03,881
MONKEYS, AND IN RATS WHERE

1594
00:57:03,881 --> 00:57:06,850
THEY'VE TESTED IT, ACTUALLY

1595
00:57:06,850 --> 00:57:09,319
PREVENTED THE ANIMALS FROM DYING

1596
00:57:09,319 --> 00:57:11,755
SO IT CONTAINED THE VIREMIA FROM

1597
00:57:11,755 --> 00:57:14,091
THE HRV.

1598
00:57:14,091 --> 00:57:15,826
AND THIS WAS A LONG LASTING

1599
00:57:15,826 --> 00:57:22,566
EFFECT, IT'S ACTUALLY IN ONE --

1600
00:57:22,566 --> 00:57:24,067
VIRUSES FOR THERAPEUTICS.

1601
00:57:24,067 --> 00:57:26,003
THEY WERE ABLE TO PREVENT THE

1602
00:57:26,003 --> 00:57:29,706
INFECTION FOR SEVERAL MONTHS.

1603
00:57:29,706 --> 00:57:33,210
AND THIS BRINGS ME TO THE END OF

1604
00:57:33,210 --> 00:57:34,111
THE PRESENTATION.

1605
00:57:34,111 --> 00:57:36,313
THIS FOR US HAS BEEN THE 50-YEAR

1606
00:57:36,313 --> 00:57:37,514
ANNIVERSARY FOR NIDA.

1607
00:57:37,514 --> 00:57:38,782
IT HAS GIVEN US THE OPPORTUNITY

1608
00:57:38,782 --> 00:57:45,055
TO ACTUALLY SEE AND ANALYZE WHAT

1609
00:57:45,055 --> 00:57:48,859
HAS BEEN DONE IN THE SCIENCE OF

1610
00:57:48,859 --> 00:57:49,860
SUBSTANCE USE AND SUBSTANCE USE

1611
00:57:49,860 --> 00:57:51,495
DISORDER, WHERE ARE WE AS AN

1612
00:57:51,495 --> 00:57:55,766
INSTITUTE, WHERE H ARE WE AS A

1613
00:57:55,766 --> 00:57:56,967
SCIENCE, WHERE ARE WE AS A

1614
00:57:56,967 --> 00:57:58,135
COUNTRY, AND THE DIVERSITY OF

1615
00:57:58,135 --> 00:57:59,369
THE RESEARCHERS AND

1616
00:57:59,369 --> 00:58:00,737
INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE PART OF

1617
00:58:00,737 --> 00:58:01,338
OUR GRANTEES.

1618
00:58:01,338 --> 00:58:04,141
SO WE HAVE HAD MULTIPLE EVENT TO

1619
00:58:04,141 --> 00:58:04,808
CELEBRATE

1620
00:58:04,808 --> 00:58:06,543
>> Dr. Anderson: TO
HIGHLIGHT

1621
00:58:06,543 --> 00:58:07,945
IT, AND TO FORCE US INTO

1622
00:58:07,945 --> 00:58:12,149
THINKING, WELL, WHAT ABOUT THE

1623
00:58:12,149 --> 00:58:14,318
FUTURE, THIS IS 50 YEARS BEHIND,

1624
00:58:14,318 --> 00:58:15,652
WHERE ARE WE GOING.

1625
00:58:15,652 --> 00:58:17,020
I THINK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF

1626
00:58:17,020 --> 00:58:20,190
WHERE WE ARE GOING, THESE ARE

1627
00:58:20,190 --> 00:58:21,225
EXTRAORDINARY TIMES.

1628
00:58:21,225 --> 00:58:23,660
DATA SCIENCE TELLS YOU IT'S

1629
00:58:23,660 --> 00:58:24,828
MACHINE LEARNING, ALL OF THE

1630
00:58:24,828 --> 00:58:27,598
TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY THAT ALLOW

1631
00:58:27,598 --> 00:58:31,335
US TO -- TH THE HUMAN BRAIN THAT

1632
00:58:31,335 --> 00:58:34,037
ENABLES US TO IDENTIFY CELLS

1633
00:58:34,037 --> 00:58:35,706
HAVE COMPLETELY REVOLUTIONIZED

1634
00:58:35,706 --> 00:58:38,742
THE WAY THAT WE CAN ADDRESS THE

1635
00:58:38,742 --> 00:58:41,411
CONSEQUENCES OF DRUGS TO HUMANS

1636
00:58:41,411 --> 00:58:42,646
OVERALL, AND THE DATA SCIENCE

1637
00:58:42,646 --> 00:58:45,148
HAS ALSO ENABLED US TO

1638
00:58:45,148 --> 00:58:46,950
UNDERSTAND HOW THE SOCIAL

1639
00:58:46,950 --> 00:58:48,452
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH ARE

1640
00:58:48,452 --> 00:58:49,419
INFLUENCING TRAJECTORIES.

1641
00:58:49,419 --> 00:58:51,622
NOW WE CAN UNDERSTAND THEM.

1642
00:58:51,622 --> 00:58:53,123
WE'VE KNOWN ALL ALONG THAT THEY

1643
00:58:53,123 --> 00:58:55,259
WERE CRUCIAL, BUT WE DIDN'T KNOW

1644
00:58:55,259 --> 00:58:56,193
WHY, WHAT DO THEY DO.

1645
00:58:56,193 --> 00:58:57,461
SO THIS IS THE OPPORTUNITY TO

1646
00:58:57,461 --> 00:59:00,330
THINK FORWARD, HOW DO WE BUILD

1647
00:59:00,330 --> 00:59:01,531
THE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE, THE

1648
00:59:01,531 --> 00:59:06,103
DRATRAINING, THE IDENTIFICATIONF

1649
00:59:06,103 --> 00:59:07,804
PROGRAMS THAT WILL ALLOW US TO

1650
00:59:07,804 --> 00:59:10,907
ACCELERATE AND ADVANCE THESE

1651
00:59:10,907 --> 00:59:13,010
DISCOVERIES INTO INTERVENTIONS

1652
00:59:13,010 --> 00:59:16,513
THAT CAN PREVENT -- THAT MAY BE

1653
00:59:16,513 --> 00:59:18,348
VULNERABLE FOR SUBSTANCE USE OR

1654
00:59:18,348 --> 00:59:19,516
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS.

1655
00:59:19,516 --> 00:59:21,685
THERE ARE OTHER EVENTS THAT

1656
00:59:21,685 --> 00:59:23,687
WE'VE BEEN VERY, VERY PROACTIVE

1657
00:59:23,687 --> 00:59:24,521
ON PARTICIPATING.

1658
00:59:24,521 --> 00:59:27,157
THESE ARE SOME OF THEM.

1659
00:59:27,157 --> 00:59:29,059
THE JUST TI COMMUNITY OPIOID

1660
00:59:29,059 --> 00:59:29,726
INNOVATION NETWORK BRIEFING THAT

1661
00:59:29,726 --> 00:59:33,397
WAS DONE ON JUNE 13TH, 2 2024, D

1662
00:59:33,397 --> 00:59:36,566
THE MARIJUANA RESEARCH LUNCH AND

1663
00:59:36,566 --> 00:59:38,201
LEARN, AUGUST 16, 2024.

1664
00:59:38,201 --> 00:59:42,339
I ALSO -- THE VALUE OF DATA THAT

1665
00:59:42,339 --> 00:59:43,540
RELATES TO SUBSTANCE USE AND

1666
00:59:43,540 --> 00:59:45,575
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS.

1667
00:59:45,575 --> 00:59:48,945
SO I WANT TO END BY ADVERTISING

1668
00:59:48,945 --> 00:59:51,882
OUR FRONTIERS IN ADDICTION

1669
00:59:51,882 --> 00:59:52,949
RESEARCH SATELLITE MEETING WHICH

1670
00:59:52,949 --> 00:59:54,651
IS IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE

1671
00:59:54,651 --> 00:59:56,953
ALCOHOL INSTITUTE, AND IT IS A

1672
00:59:56,953 --> 00:59:57,587
VERY IMPORTANT EVENT FOR US

1673
00:59:57,587 --> 00:59:59,022
BECAUSE IT ENABLES US TO HIGH

1674
00:59:59,022 --> 01:00:02,959
LEET SOME OF THE MOST EXCITING

1675
01:00:02,959 --> 01:00:04,494
ADVANCES ON NEUROSCIENCE OF

1676
01:00:04,494 --> 01:00:05,495
SUBSTANCE USE AND ONE OF THE TOP

1677
01:00:05,495 --> 01:00:12,436
INNINGS THIS YEAR IS GOING TO  

1678
01:00:12,436 --> 01:00:13,170
BE -- RECEPTORS.

1679
01:00:13,170 --> 01:00:16,206
AND THE FINAL ADVERTISE M IS FOR

1680
01:00:16,206 --> 01:00:19,943
THE ABC, INSIGHTS AND INNOVATION

1681
01:00:19,943 --> 01:00:20,444
MEETINGS.

1682
01:00:20,444 --> 01:00:24,648
IT BEEN AN EXTRAORDINARY EVENT,

1683
01:00:24,648 --> 01:00:26,149
BUT ONE OF THE FACTORS THAT LED

1684
01:00:26,149 --> 01:00:29,286
TO BE SUCCESSFUL WAS THE OPEN

1685
01:00:29,286 --> 01:00:30,053
ACCESS.

1686
01:00:30,053 --> 01:00:33,357
THE OPEN ACCESS IS OPTIMIZED BY

1687
01:00:33,357 --> 01:00:34,191
FORMING NETWORK, BY

1688
01:00:34,191 --> 01:00:35,525
UNDERSTANDING WHAT THE RESEARCH

1689
01:00:35,525 --> 01:00:37,127
ARE, BY GETTING THE INPUT FROM

1690
01:00:37,127 --> 01:00:38,462
THE COMMUNITY ABOUT WHAT ARE THE

1691
01:00:38,462 --> 01:00:41,398
THINGS WE NEED TO BUILD UPON IT.

1692
01:00:41,398 --> 01:00:42,999
AS I WAS WONDERING JUST LAST

1693
01:00:42,999 --> 01:00:44,468
NIGHT AFTER I HAD BEEN A WHOLE

1694
01:00:44,468 --> 01:00:47,804
DAY LISTENING TO THESE

1695
01:00:47,804 --> 01:00:50,374
EXTRAORDINARY TALKS ON

1696
01:00:50,374 --> 01:00:51,308
OLIGOPEPTIDES AND SOMEONE ASKED

1697
01:00:51,308 --> 01:00:52,943
THE QUESTION, WE ARE SEEING NOW

1698
01:00:52,943 --> 01:00:55,345
THAT SOME OF THESE MEDICATIONS

1699
01:00:55,345 --> 01:00:56,713
ARE BEING GIVEN FOR THE TREAT M

1700
01:00:56,713 --> 01:00:58,248
OF DIABETES AND BEEDZ IN

1701
01:00:58,248 --> 01:00:58,615
CHILDREN.

1702
01:00:58,615 --> 01:01:01,051
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES TO THE

1703
01:01:01,051 --> 01:01:01,752
DEVELOPING BRAIN?

1704
01:01:01,752 --> 01:01:04,721
SO I GO BACK, I SHOOT AN EMAIL

1705
01:01:04,721 --> 01:01:06,223
AND I SAID ARE YOU SURE THAT WE

1706
01:01:06,223 --> 01:01:10,627
ARE SCREENING FOR THE

1707
01:01:10,627 --> 01:01:12,562
MEDICATIONS THAT -- AND

1708
01:01:12,562 --> 01:01:13,096
EFFECTIVELY WE ARE.

1709
01:01:13,096 --> 01:01:14,731
I THINK THIS IS AN EXAMPLE ABOUT

1710
01:01:14,731 --> 01:01:19,169
HOW A DATABASE LIKE THIS ONE CAN

1711
01:01:19,169 --> 01:01:22,639
INFORM UN, JUST LIKE -- IT WAS A

1712
01:01:22,639 --> 01:01:24,908
EXEE COMPONENT ON THE LONG-TERM

1713
01:01:24,908 --> 01:01:28,011
EFFECTS OF COVID IN ADOLESCENTS,

1714
01:01:28,011 --> 01:01:28,578
THAT WAS VERY MUCH POSSIBLE

1715
01:01:28,578 --> 01:01:30,280
BECAUSE OF THE INCLUSION OF THE

1716
01:01:30,280 --> 01:01:31,381
ABCD DATA.

1717
01:01:31,381 --> 01:01:34,584
AND AGAIN, JUST TO HIGHLIGHT

1718
01:01:34,584 --> 01:01:35,852
THAT THE ABILITY TO GENERATE

1719
01:01:35,852 --> 01:01:40,056
DATA THAT CAN BE UTILIZED AND

1720
01:01:40,056 --> 01:01:41,858
ACCESSIBLE BY RESEARCHERS IN

1721
01:01:41,858 --> 01:01:43,126
THAT COMMUNITY CAN HAVE AN

1722
01:01:43,126 --> 01:01:44,428
IMPACT BEYOND ONE THAT WE WOULD

1723
01:01:44,428 --> 01:01:45,529
HAVE INITIALLY THOUGHT IT WOULD

1724
01:01:45,529 --> 01:01:47,564
HAVE.

1725
01:01:47,564 --> 01:01:48,665
SO THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR

1726
01:01:48,665 --> 01:01:58,842
ATTENTION.

1727
01:02:05,482 --> 01:02:07,250
>> WE HAVE TIME FOR
QUESTIONS.

1728
01:02:07,250 --> 01:02:13,723
WE HAVE LOTS OF TIME.

1729
01:02:13,723 --> 01:02:13,990
MARK?

1730
01:02:13,990 --> 01:02:16,560
>> HI THERE.

1731
01:02:16,560 --> 01:02:20,430
GREAT TALK, NORA, AND I AGREE

1732
01:02:20,430 --> 01:02:22,499
THAT IT SUPER EXCITING TO SEE

1733
01:02:22,499 --> 01:02:26,036
THE NUMBERS COMING DOWN WITH

1734
01:02:26,036 --> 01:02:30,373
OPIOID OVERDOSE.

1735
01:02:30,373 --> 01:02:32,275
AND IT'S AMAZING TO SEE THE

1736
01:02:32,275 --> 01:02:33,577
IMPROVEMENT IN TERMS OF GETTING

1737
01:02:33,577 --> 01:02:37,047
MORE TREATMENT AVAILABLE IN THE

1738
01:02:37,047 --> 01:02:37,314
COMMUNITY.

1739
01:02:37,314 --> 01:02:41,585
SO THAT'S ALL FANTASTIC.

1740
01:02:41,585 --> 01:02:42,886
AND THANKS FOR THAT BEAUTIFUL

1741
01:02:42,886 --> 01:02:43,587
SUMMARY.

1742
01:02:43,587 --> 01:02:47,724
I WANTED TO JUST REALLY SHOUT

1743
01:02:47,724 --> 01:02:50,460
OUT TO DR. VALENTINO AND JUST

1744
01:02:50,460 --> 01:02:53,497
MENTION THAT I THINK SHE'S BEEN

1745
01:02:53,497 --> 01:02:55,499
AMAZING AND WILL REALLY -- I

1746
01:02:55,499 --> 01:03:00,270
THINK SHE'S MADE AN ENORMOUS

1747
01:03:00,270 --> 01:03:02,272
CONTRIBUTION AT NIDA, AND I'VE

1748
01:03:02,272 --> 01:03:03,807
ALWAYS BEEN AMAZED BY HOW SHE

1749
01:03:03,807 --> 01:03:05,775
KEEPS ON TOP OF ALL THESE

1750
01:03:05,775 --> 01:03:07,644
DIFFERENT RESEARCH PROGRAMS THAT

1751
01:03:07,644 --> 01:03:09,913
ARE SO DIFFERENT IN THEIR FOCUS

1752
01:03:09,913 --> 01:03:12,749
AND INVOLVES SO MUCH EXPERTISE

1753
01:03:12,749 --> 01:03:14,651
THAT SHE HAS ACCUMULATED OVER

1754
01:03:14,651 --> 01:03:15,252
THE YEARS.

1755
01:03:15,252 --> 01:03:17,187
SO ANYWAY, I WANT TO

1756
01:03:17,187 --> 01:03:27,731
CONGRATULATE HER AND THANK HER.

1757
01:03:32,802 --> 01:03:33,370
>> THANK YOU.

1758
01:03:33,370 --> 01:03:36,172
I WANTED TO JUST ECHO MARK'S

1759
01:03:36,172 --> 01:03:40,443
SENTIMENTS AND CONGRATULATE

1760
01:03:40,443 --> 01:03:42,078
DR. SAI AND VALENTINO ON THEIR

1761
01:03:42,078 --> 01:03:43,613
VERY LONG LEGACIES OF SERVICE

1762
01:03:43,613 --> 01:03:45,248
AND MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO

1763
01:03:45,248 --> 01:03:46,616
SCIENCE LEADING TO BIG ADVANCES

1764
01:03:46,616 --> 01:03:47,984
IN HEALTHCARE.

1765
01:03:47,984 --> 01:03:50,186
CONGRATULATIONS, AND ENJOY YOUR

1766
01:03:50,186 --> 01:03:51,288
WELL-DESERVED RETIREMENTS.

1767
01:03:51,288 --> 01:03:52,722
WE'RE SORRY TO SEE YOU GO BUT

1768
01:03:52,722 --> 01:03:53,790
I'M SURE THAT SOME GREAT PEOPLE

1769
01:03:53,790 --> 01:03:55,292
WILL BE COMING IN.

1770
01:03:55,292 --> 01:03:56,526
AND THE SECOND IDEA THAT I

1771
01:03:56,526 --> 01:03:59,829
WANTED TO JUST BRING UP IS

1772
01:03:59,829 --> 01:04:04,000
THINKING ABOUT THE GLP-1 AGONIST

1773
01:04:04,000 --> 01:04:06,403
EXCITEMENT AND OPPORTUNITY.

1774
01:04:06,403 --> 01:04:09,839
IT SEEMS LIKE THERE MAY BE A LOT

1775
01:04:09,839 --> 01:04:15,245
OF DATA -- NAWD THAT YOU HAD --E

1776
01:04:15,245 --> 01:04:18,248
ACCESSED SOMEHOW TO DO SOME OF

1777
01:04:18,248 --> 01:04:22,285
THE -- THAT WOULD INFORMED

1778
01:04:22,285 --> 01:04:26,656
ONGOING -- I WONDER WHAT THE --

1779
01:04:26,656 --> 01:04:27,691
>> TOTALLY, AND AGAIN,
THIS IS

1780
01:04:27,691 --> 01:04:30,727
AN OPPORTUNITY THAT THE EXTENT

1781
01:04:30,727 --> 01:04:31,428
TO WHICH THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES

1782
01:04:31,428 --> 01:04:33,830
AND IT WILL DEPEND ON HOW

1783
01:04:33,830 --> 01:04:34,698
CONSISTENTLY SUBSTANCE USE

1784
01:04:34,698 --> 01:04:36,266
DISORDERS ARE BEING SCREENED.

1785
01:04:36,266 --> 01:04:38,301
AND OVERALL, IT IS NOT

1786
01:04:38,301 --> 01:04:39,603
NECESSARILY THAT MANY OF THESE

1787
01:04:39,603 --> 01:04:40,537
PROGRAMS DO.

1788
01:04:40,537 --> 01:04:43,940
SO WHAT THEY TEND TO ACTUALLY

1789
01:04:43,940 --> 01:04:47,744
SCREEN FOR IS TOBACCO AND

1790
01:04:47,744 --> 01:04:48,211
ALCOHOL.

1791
01:04:48,211 --> 01:04:49,813
BUT IN SOME INSTANCES THEY MAY

1792
01:04:49,813 --> 01:04:51,114
HAVE EXCLUDED PARTICIPANTS ON

1793
01:04:51,114 --> 01:04:53,316
THOSE MEASURES.

1794
01:04:53,316 --> 01:04:54,584
BUT WHAT WE NEED TO WORK AND

1795
01:04:54,584 --> 01:04:57,320
SORT OF ACTUALLY -- I DISCUSSED

1796
01:04:57,320 --> 01:04:59,255
THIS WITH LILI PHARMACEUTICAL

1797
01:04:59,255 --> 01:05:03,093
AND I BASICALLY WILL BRING IT UP

1798
01:05:03,093 --> 01:05:04,327
WITH NOVA NORDIC AND I'M GOING

1799
01:05:04,327 --> 01:05:06,196
TO BE IN A MEETING WITH THEM

1800
01:05:06,196 --> 01:05:11,034
SOMETIME IN SEPTEMBER, SO

1801
01:05:11,034 --> 01:05:12,369
GETTING A ACCEPTS ABOUT WHAT

1802
01:05:12,369 --> 01:05:13,770
DATA IS OUT THERE AND MEANWHILE

1803
01:05:13,770 --> 01:05:16,706
WE'RE BEING VERY PROACTIVE AT

1804
01:05:16,706 --> 01:05:18,074
LOOKING AT DATABASES THAT EXCEED

1805
01:05:18,074 --> 01:05:19,643
THEM, AND CERTAINLY THERE'S BEEN

1806
01:05:19,643 --> 01:05:20,777
SEVERAL PAPERS ON THE ELECTRONIC

1807
01:05:20,777 --> 01:05:24,180
HEALTH RECORDS AND DR. SU IS ONE

1808
01:05:24,180 --> 01:05:26,383
OF THEM, IT GOES BACK TO THE

1809
01:05:26,383 --> 01:05:27,784
CTN, HER GROUP ACTUALLY HAS BEEN

1810
01:05:27,784 --> 01:05:29,653
DOING A LOT OF STUDIES.

1811
01:05:29,653 --> 01:05:35,692
THE WORK FOR HOR ENZO ALSO HE

1812
01:05:35,692 --> 01:05:38,461
HAS BEEN WORKING WITH THE V.A.

1813
01:05:38,461 --> 01:05:39,929
TO INVESTIGATE AGAIN AND WE ARE

1814
01:05:39,929 --> 01:05:43,633
AIMING TO FIGURE OUT HOW WE CAN

1815
01:05:43,633 --> 01:05:46,336
IN SAFETY -- TO LOOK AT THE

1816
01:05:46,336 --> 01:05:48,304
ALL-OF-US DATA TO ACTUALLY --

1817
01:05:48,304 --> 01:05:49,839
BECAUSE THAT'S 800,000 PEOPLE,

1818
01:05:49,839 --> 01:05:52,375
AND THEY HAVE DETAIL, ELECTRONIC

1819
01:05:52,375 --> 01:05:54,277
HEALTHCARE RECORDS, SO SOME OF

1820
01:05:54,277 --> 01:05:56,446
THEM HAVE OTHER -- INCLUDING

1821
01:05:56,446 --> 01:05:58,648
GENETICS, MANY OF THEM, SO TO

1822
01:05:58,648 --> 01:06:03,019
SEE HOW WE CAN USE THAT AS AN

1823
01:06:03,019 --> 01:06:07,390
EXAMPLE FOR THEM TO TAKE

1824
01:06:07,390 --> 01:06:09,592
ADVANTAGE, THE ALL-OF-US, TO

1825
01:06:09,592 --> 01:06:10,427
UNDERSTAND INTERACTIONS THAT CAN

1826
01:06:10,427 --> 01:06:11,795
LEAD TO IDENTIFICATION OF

1827
01:06:11,795 --> 01:06:12,662
TREATMENT INTERVENTIONS THAT

1828
01:06:12,662 --> 01:06:13,396
COULD BE USEFUL.

1829
01:06:13,396 --> 01:06:14,898
SO YES, WE'RE BEING VERY

1830
01:06:14,898 --> 01:06:16,733
PROACTIVE TO TRY TO TAKE AS MUCH

1831
01:06:16,733 --> 01:06:20,637
INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE.

1832
01:06:20,637 --> 01:06:22,138
BUT I AGREE WITH LORENZO THAT AT

1833
01:06:22,138 --> 01:06:23,373
THE END OF THE DAY, WE DON'T

1834
01:06:23,373 --> 01:06:25,408
NEED TO DO THAT RANDOMIZED

1835
01:06:25,408 --> 01:06:26,309
CLINICAL TRIALS TO ACTUALLY

1836
01:06:26,309 --> 01:06:28,812
DOCUMENT WHAT THE EFFECTS ARE IN

1837
01:06:28,812 --> 01:06:30,146
THIS, BECAUSE YOU KNOW HOW IT

1838
01:06:30,146 --> 01:06:31,848
GOES, THERE'S A LOT OF HYPE, AND

1839
01:06:31,848 --> 01:06:34,951
I'M VERY EXCITED, MY ACCUMBENS

1840
01:06:34,951 --> 01:06:39,689
IS ALL ACTIVATED WITH THESE, BUT

1841
01:06:39,689 --> 01:06:41,424
ACTUALLY I DO THINK THAT WE NEED

1842
01:06:41,424 --> 01:06:44,160
TO UNDERSTAND THAT MANY OF THE

1843
01:06:44,160 --> 01:06:45,795
DATA THAT WE HAVE FROM REAL

1844
01:06:45,795 --> 01:06:48,198
WORLD DATA HAS CONFOUNDS THAT

1845
01:06:48,198 --> 01:06:51,201
COULD BE DRIVING THIS, AND THE

1846
01:06:51,201 --> 01:06:52,368
PRE-CLINICAL DATA AS YOU KNOW

1847
01:06:52,368 --> 01:06:53,870
DOES NOT NECESSARILY TRANSLATING

1848
01:06:53,870 --> 01:06:55,972
TO HUMANS.

1849
01:06:55,972 --> 01:07:01,945
THE USE OF SUBSTANCES IS SO

1850
01:07:01,945 --> 01:07:02,846
EXTRAORDINARY COMPLEX, THIS IS

1851
01:07:02,846 --> 01:07:05,882
WHY WE ARE ENCOURAGING

1852
01:07:05,882 --> 01:07:07,050
RESEARCHERS TO GO AFTER THE

1853
01:07:07,050 --> 01:07:08,051
TRIALS THAT ARE NECESSARY TO

1854
01:07:08,051 --> 01:07:09,519
MOVE THE FIELD FORWARD.

1855
01:07:09,519 --> 01:07:10,754
>> AND THE COMPOUNDING

1856
01:07:10,754 --> 01:07:12,155
PHARMACIES AS WELL, YOU COULD DO

1857
01:07:12,155 --> 01:07:14,224
A SIMPLE GOOGLE SEARCH AND 100

1858
01:07:14,224 --> 01:07:16,192
OF THEM WILL SHOW UP.

1859
01:07:16,192 --> 01:07:17,660
THOSE PROBABLY REPRESENT

1860
01:07:17,660 --> 01:07:18,394
THOUSANDS AND THOUSANDS OF

1861
01:07:18,394 --> 01:07:20,797
PEOPLE THAT ARE GETTING THESE

1862
01:07:20,797 --> 01:07:21,664
DRUGS FROM COMPOUNDING

1863
01:07:21,664 --> 01:07:23,166
PHARMACIES AS WELL.

1864
01:07:23,166 --> 01:07:24,801
>> THE ISSUE WITH
COMPOUNDING

1865
01:07:24,801 --> 01:07:25,668
PHARMACIES IS WHAT IS THE

1866
01:07:25,668 --> 01:07:27,303
QUALITY OF THE PRODUCT.

1867
01:07:27,303 --> 01:07:30,507
AND THAT IS MUCH HARRER TO

1868
01:07:30,507 --> 01:07:31,241
EVALUATE.

1869
01:07:31,241 --> 01:07:34,744
AND SO -- AND AGAIN, IT IS THE

1870
01:07:34,744 --> 01:07:38,448
ISSUE, TOO, THEY HAVE BEEN USED

1871
01:07:38,448 --> 01:07:41,584
FOR MANY YEARS NOW FOR DIABETES,

1872
01:07:41,584 --> 01:07:46,222
IT'S STILL -- THE TSH LOWER

1873
01:07:46,222 --> 01:07:48,124
DOSES, SO WE DON'T REALLY

1874
01:07:48,124 --> 01:07:51,795
UNDERSTAND WHAT MAY BE, IF ANY,

1875
01:07:51,795 --> 01:07:52,662
POTENTIAL LONG-TERM EFFECTS.

1876
01:07:52,662 --> 01:07:54,130
THEY APPEAR TO BE QUITE SAFE.

1877
01:07:54,130 --> 01:07:55,298
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WAS

1878
01:07:55,298 --> 01:08:01,237
COMMENTED YESTERDAY AT THE

1879
01:08:01,237 --> 01:08:03,173
NATIONAL ACADEMY THAT MAY IMPACT

1880
01:08:03,173 --> 01:08:04,908
IS THERE MAY BE OTHER TARGETS

1881
01:08:04,908 --> 01:08:07,844
APART FROM THAT -- THE HIGHEST

1882
01:08:07,844 --> 01:08:09,078
CONCENTRATION OF THE RECEPTOR IS

1883
01:08:09,078 --> 01:08:13,349
IN THE CHOROID PLEXUS, SO IT

1884
01:08:13,349 --> 01:08:14,884
REGULATES CEREBROSPINAL FLUID.

1885
01:08:14,884 --> 01:08:16,419
THEY'VE BEEN RECOGNIZED FOR

1886
01:08:16,419 --> 01:08:17,053
THEIR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

1887
01:08:17,053 --> 01:08:18,822
RESPECTS.

1888
01:08:18,822 --> 01:08:19,422
 EFFECTS.

1889
01:08:19,422 --> 01:08:21,991
SO THERE IS A LOT OF BASIC

1890
01:08:21,991 --> 01:08:23,059
FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ALSO TO

1891
01:08:23,059 --> 01:08:27,263
MAXIMIZE POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS.

1892
01:08:27,263 --> 01:08:29,866
I SEE QUESTIONS.

1893
01:08:29,866 --> 01:08:31,868
HELENA.

1894
01:08:31,868 --> 01:08:32,669
>> OKAY.

1895
01:08:32,669 --> 01:08:34,537
THANK YOU.

1896
01:08:34,537 --> 01:08:36,072
I WANT TO SAY I REALLY

1897
01:08:36,072 --> 01:08:36,973
APPRECIATED YOUR ATTENTION TO

1898
01:08:36,973 --> 01:08:42,979
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH.

1899
01:08:42,979 --> 01:08:45,181
ALSO SOCIOECONOMIC RACIAL/ETHNIC

1900
01:08:45,181 --> 01:08:45,849
DIFFERENCES IN THE PATTERNS

1901
01:08:45,849 --> 01:08:47,016
WE'RE SEEING, PARTICULARLY WITH

1902
01:08:47,016 --> 01:08:48,651
REGARD TO OVERDOSE AND SUBSTANCE

1903
01:08:48,651 --> 01:08:50,453
USE PATTERNS.

1904
01:08:50,453 --> 01:08:55,225
AND I WAS STRUCK BY N CREW, THE

1905
01:08:55,225 --> 01:08:56,159
NATIVE AMERICAN INITIATIVE.

1906
01:08:56,159 --> 01:08:57,894
YOU SPENT SIGNIFICANT TIME

1907
01:08:57,894 --> 01:08:59,562
HIGHLIGHTING HOW YOU'VE HAD TO

1908
01:08:59,562 --> 01:09:02,498
DO VERY SPECIFIC OUTREACH TO

1909
01:09:02,498 --> 01:09:04,133
TRIBAL AND COMMUNITY

1910
01:09:04,133 --> 01:09:06,169
ORGANIZATIONS, AND REALLY SHIFT

1911
01:09:06,169 --> 01:09:08,238
THE WAY THAT YOU'RE SPONSORING

1912
01:09:08,238 --> 01:09:09,772
AND DOING SCIENCE IN ORDER TO

1913
01:09:09,772 --> 01:09:12,675
REALLY FOREGROUND THEIR ROLE AND

1914
01:09:12,675 --> 01:09:13,042
THEIR GUIDANCE.

1915
01:09:13,042 --> 01:09:14,744
AND WHAT I WANTED TO ASK ABOUT

1916
01:09:14,744 --> 01:09:17,046
WAS LESSONS LEARNED AND

1917
01:09:17,046 --> 01:09:19,115
PRINCIPLES AND BEST PRACTICES

1918
01:09:19,115 --> 01:09:20,650
FROM THAT EXPERIENCE, BECAUSE IT

1919
01:09:20,650 --> 01:09:22,285
STRIKES ME THAT TO REALLY DO A

1920
01:09:22,285 --> 01:09:24,087
RIGOROUS JOB OF SOCIAL

1921
01:09:24,087 --> 01:09:26,155
DETERMINANTS AND ALSO ATTENDING

1922
01:09:26,155 --> 01:09:31,995
TO THE PARALLEL BUT OFTEN

1923
01:09:31,995 --> 01:09:32,595
CONTEXTUALLY DISTINCTIVE

1924
01:09:32,595 --> 01:09:33,730
CONDITIONS OF MARGINALIZED

1925
01:09:33,730 --> 01:09:35,265
GROUPS THAT ARE

1926
01:09:35,265 --> 01:09:36,132
DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTED,

1927
01:09:36,132 --> 01:09:36,900
IT'S GOING TO REQUIRE A

1928
01:09:36,900 --> 01:09:39,168
DIFFERENT APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE

1929
01:09:39,168 --> 01:09:40,904
CREATION, AND THERE'S A LOT TO

1930
01:09:40,904 --> 01:09:41,871
BE LEARNED.

1931
01:09:41,871 --> 01:09:44,307
MUCH OF IT IS CONTEXT-SPECIFIC,

1932
01:09:44,307 --> 01:09:47,043
BUT THERE'S THOUGHT TO BE ALSO

1933
01:09:47,043 --> 01:09:52,916
PRACTICES AND ADOPTED ACROSS

1934
01:09:52,916 --> 01:09:53,416
CONTEXTS.

1935
01:09:53,416 --> 01:09:55,818
SO I WOU WONDERED IF YOU COULD A

1936
01:09:55,818 --> 01:09:56,920
LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT WHAT

1937
01:09:56,920 --> 01:09:59,222
YOU'RE LEARNING FROM NCREW AND

1938
01:09:59,222 --> 01:10:00,657
SIMILAR ATTEMPTS TO REALLY

1939
01:10:00,657 --> 01:10:03,226
RE-THINK THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY

1940
01:10:03,226 --> 01:10:04,394
MEMBERS, LEADERS, ORGANIZATIONS

1941
01:10:04,394 --> 01:10:05,795
IN CREATING KNOWLEDGE FROM THE

1942
01:10:05,795 --> 01:10:06,763
GROUND UP.

1943
01:10:06,763 --> 01:10:10,667
>> NO, FIRST THE REASON
FOR

1944
01:10:10,667 --> 01:10:12,201
SUCCESS, DR. KATHY ETZ, SO I'M

1945
01:10:12,201 --> 01:10:13,836
GOING TO BRING HER AND PUT HER

1946
01:10:13,836 --> 01:10:15,371
IN THE SPOT BECAUSE SHE HAS BEEN

1947
01:10:15,371 --> 01:10:16,639
MY TEACHER, SHE HAS BEEN

1948
01:10:16,639 --> 01:10:17,440
EDUCATING ME.

1949
01:10:17,440 --> 01:10:18,942
SO WHEN I'VE GONE THROUGH ALL OF

1950
01:10:18,942 --> 01:10:20,543
THESE MEETINGS, I GET ALL OF

1951
01:10:20,543 --> 01:10:22,345
THIS MATERIAL AND TRAINING

1952
01:10:22,345 --> 01:10:23,746
BEFOREHAND, AND SHE HAS BEEN

1953
01:10:23,746 --> 01:10:28,017
ABLE FOR ME TO BE ABLE TO GO

1954
01:10:28,017 --> 01:10:29,085
INTO THESE TRIBAL COMMUNITIES

1955
01:10:29,085 --> 01:10:30,954
AND TO BE EMBRACED BECAUSE SHE'S

1956
01:10:30,954 --> 01:10:31,454
EMBRACED.

1957
01:10:31,454 --> 01:10:31,921
THEY TRUST HER.

1958
01:10:31,921 --> 01:10:34,190
SO BY HER BABYSITTING ME LIKE

1959
01:10:34,190 --> 01:10:38,461
THAT, THEY ACTUALLY GET

1960
01:10:38,461 --> 01:10:39,095
AUTOMATIC -- AUTOMATICALLY THAT

1961
01:10:39,095 --> 01:10:39,362
TRUST.

1962
01:10:39,362 --> 01:10:41,064
BUT IT IS KATHY WHO HAS MADE IT

1963
01:10:41,064 --> 01:10:41,331
POSSIBLE.

1964
01:10:41,331 --> 01:10:42,999
>> CAN I JUST ADD ONE
LITTLE PIN

1965
01:10:42,999 --> 01:10:44,534
ON TO THAT COMMENT AND QUESTION,

1966
01:10:44,534 --> 01:10:50,006
WHICH IS ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE

1967
01:10:50,006 --> 01:10:52,742
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND ITS

1968
01:10:52,742 --> 01:10:54,610
INTERFACE WITH HUMAN BIOLOGY.

1969
01:10:54,610 --> 01:10:55,979
I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING THAT

1970
01:10:55,979 --> 01:10:58,414
THE ABCD IS REALLY DRAWING OUT

1971
01:10:58,414 --> 01:11:01,017
AND KIND OF BIOSOCIAL NATURE OF

1972
01:11:01,017 --> 01:11:03,252
A PHENOMENON LIKE SUBSTANCE USE

1973
01:11:03,252 --> 01:11:03,853
DISORDER.

1974
01:11:03,853 --> 01:11:06,122
VERY SPECIFIC ENGAGEMENT WITH

1975
01:11:06,122 --> 01:11:08,191
NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITIES WHAT

1976
01:11:08,191 --> 01:11:10,893
THEY TAUGHT YOU ABOUT CREATING

1977
01:11:10,893 --> 01:11:11,828
BIOSOCIAL KNOWLEDGE.

1978
01:11:11,828 --> 01:11:15,164
>> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.

1979
01:11:15,164 --> 01:11:17,166
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THE

1980
01:11:17,166 --> 01:11:17,433
QUESTION.

1981
01:11:17,433 --> 01:11:20,837
I THINK THERE ARE SEVERAL

1982
01:11:20,837 --> 01:11:22,572
ANSWERS TO IT BECAUSE IT'S A

1983
01:11:22,572 --> 01:11:23,673
FAIRLY COMPLEX QUESTION.

1984
01:11:23,673 --> 01:11:24,707
SO THE FIRST THING IN TERMS OF

1985
01:11:24,707 --> 01:11:26,743
HOW DO WE WORK IN THESE SPACES,

1986
01:11:26,743 --> 01:11:29,712
WE ACTUALLY BUILT OUT A VALUE

1987
01:11:29,712 --> 01:11:31,414
PRODUCT FOR THE PROGRAM VERY

1988
01:11:31,414 --> 01:11:33,349
EARLY ON AND WE'VE WORKED WITH

1989
01:11:33,349 --> 01:11:35,618
MULTIPLE STAFF ACROSS THE NIH ON

1990
01:11:35,618 --> 01:11:36,119
THAT.

1991
01:11:36,119 --> 01:11:37,754
TO SORT OF UNDERSTAND HOW WILL

1992
01:11:37,754 --> 01:11:39,889
WE ENGAGE DIFFERENTLY AND ENTER

1993
01:11:39,889 --> 01:11:40,623
THE SPACE DIFFERENTLY AND WHAT

1994
01:11:40,623 --> 01:11:41,924
DOES IT MEAN TO LOOK LIKE THIS.

1995
01:11:41,924 --> 01:11:43,526
THE LANGUAGE WE USE IN THIS

1996
01:11:43,526 --> 01:11:45,461
PROGRAM IS AROUND

1997
01:11:45,461 --> 01:11:46,229
CO-CONSTRUCTION.

1998
01:11:46,229 --> 01:11:47,630
AND THAT OUR VERY FIRST

1999
01:11:47,630 --> 01:11:49,332
PRINCIPLE IS TO BUILD

2000
01:11:49,332 --> 01:11:50,466
RELATIONSHIP, TO EARN TRUST, TO

2001
01:11:50,466 --> 01:11:52,135
NOT TAKE IT FOR GRANTED IN ANY

2002
01:11:52,135 --> 01:11:56,305
WAY WHATSOEVER.

2003
01:11:56,305 --> 01:11:57,273
AND THAT WE RECOGNIZE THAT'S

2004
01:11:57,273 --> 01:11:58,808
GOING TO BE A LONG PROCESS AND

2005
01:11:58,808 --> 01:12:00,843
WE'RE HERE FOR THE LONG HAUL AND

2006
01:12:00,843 --> 01:12:01,477
INVESTING IN THAT.

2007
01:12:01,477 --> 01:12:03,179
I THINK THAT VALUES DOCUMENT HAS

2008
01:12:03,179 --> 01:12:04,981
HELPED US TO EDUCATE OUR ENTIRE

2009
01:12:04,981 --> 01:12:05,782
TEAM, INCLUDING PEOPLE WHO ARE

2010
01:12:05,782 --> 01:12:07,583
NOT FAMILIAR WITH WORKING WITH

2011
01:12:07,583 --> 01:12:09,519
TRIBAL COMMUNITIES, TO JUST

2012
01:12:09,519 --> 01:12:11,554
THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT HOW TO

2013
01:12:11,554 --> 01:12:12,822
DO THIS.

2014
01:12:12,822 --> 01:12:15,291
AGAIN, WE REALLY PUT THE

2015
01:12:15,291 --> 01:12:16,692
PRIORITY ON THE TROIBS AND

2016
01:12:16,692 --> 01:12:18,694
NATIVE AMERICAN SERVING

2017
01:12:18,694 --> 01:12:19,228
ORGANIZATIONS LEADING.

2018
01:12:19,228 --> 01:12:20,630
AT FIRST WE WERE SAYING WE WERE

2019
01:12:20,630 --> 01:12:22,498
BUILDING AN AIRPLANE AS WE FLEW

2020
01:12:22,498 --> 01:12:22,732
IT.

2021
01:12:22,732 --> 01:12:24,567
WE CHANGED THAT TO WE WERE

2022
01:12:24,567 --> 01:12:27,770
BUILDING AN AIRCRAFT CARRIER,

2023
01:12:27,770 --> 01:12:29,505
REALLY RECOGNIZING THAT WE ARE

2024
01:12:29,505 --> 01:12:30,807
NOT THE PLANE, THEY ARE THE

2025
01:12:30,807 --> 01:12:32,442
PLANE, AND WE ARE A SUPPORT FOR

2026
01:12:32,442 --> 01:12:34,710
THE WORK THAT THEY ARE DOING.

2027
01:12:34,710 --> 01:12:36,245
SO LOTS OF DIFFERENT WAYS THAT

2028
01:12:36,245 --> 01:12:37,580
WE'RE ENTERING THE SPACE.

2029
01:12:37,580 --> 01:12:39,115
I DO WANT TO MENTION THAT THERE

2030
01:12:39,115 --> 01:12:43,453
ARE A FEW INITIATIVES AT THE NIH

2031
01:12:43,453 --> 01:12:46,489
THAT ARE SEEKING TO SUPPORT

2032
01:12:46,489 --> 01:12:47,356
COMMUNITY ENGAGED WORK AND

2033
01:12:47,356 --> 01:12:48,524
THAT'S SOMETHING THAT

2034
01:12:48,524 --> 01:12:49,826
DR. BERTAGNOLLI AND NORA,

2035
01:12:49,826 --> 01:12:50,626
DR. VOLKOW, ARE BOTH VERY

2036
01:12:50,626 --> 01:12:52,128
COMMITTED TO, SO WE'RE ALSO

2037
01:12:52,128 --> 01:12:54,130
REACHING OUT TO THE OTHER

2038
01:12:54,130 --> 01:12:56,332
PROGRAMS AT THE NIH TO LEARN HOW

2039
01:12:56,332 --> 01:12:57,800
TO DO THIS.

2040
01:12:57,800 --> 01:12:58,801
SOMETHING VERY DIFFERENT ABOUT

2041
01:12:58,801 --> 01:13:00,736
THIS PROGRAM IS THAT WE'RE USING

2042
01:13:00,736 --> 01:13:01,938
OTHER TRANSACTION AUTHORITY,

2043
01:13:01,938 --> 01:13:03,606
WHICH IS NOT A GRANT, NOT A

2044
01:13:03,606 --> 01:13:05,274
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT, AND NOT A

2045
01:13:05,274 --> 01:13:06,642
CONTRACT.

2046
01:13:06,642 --> 01:13:08,678
AND ALLOWS FOR VERY AGILE AND

2047
01:13:08,678 --> 01:13:10,446
FLEXIBLE PROCESSES SO THAT WE

2048
01:13:10,446 --> 01:13:12,248
CAN ADAPT AS WE'RE LEARNING FROM

2049
01:13:12,248 --> 01:13:14,016
THE COMMUNITIES AND SHIFT AS WE

2050
01:13:14,016 --> 01:13:14,317
GO.

2051
01:13:14,317 --> 01:13:16,686
SO I COULD GIVE YOU A VERY LONG

2052
01:13:16,686 --> 01:13:17,453
ANSWER TO THIS.

2053
01:13:17,453 --> 01:13:19,255
IN TERMS OF YOUR OTHER QUESTION

2054
01:13:19,255 --> 01:13:21,891
ABOUT SOCIAL MECHANISMS, I THINK

2055
01:13:21,891 --> 01:13:24,293
THAT INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES HAVE

2056
01:13:24,293 --> 01:13:27,830
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE, INDIGENOUS

2057
01:13:27,830 --> 01:13:28,498
METHODOLOGIES, A VERY DIFFERENT

2058
01:13:28,498 --> 01:13:31,234
WAY OF DOING BUSINESS, VERY DILL

2059
01:13:31,234 --> 01:13:32,869
VALUE SYSTEMS IN TERMS OF BEING

2060
01:13:32,869 --> 01:13:34,203
RELATIONAL WITH EACH OTHER, AND

2061
01:13:34,203 --> 01:13:35,972
THAT MAKES ALL THE DIFFERENCE

2062
01:13:35,972 --> 01:13:37,940
FOR HOW WE TREAT ADDICTION AND

2063
01:13:37,940 --> 01:13:40,143
HOW WE PREVENT ADDICTION.

2064
01:13:40,143 --> 01:13:42,612
SO I GUESS I WOULD SAY IT BAKED

2065
01:13:42,612 --> 01:13:45,481
IN, BUT I WOULD ALSO SAY STAY

2066
01:13:45,481 --> 01:13:47,150
TUNED BECAUSE WE HAVE JUST MADE

2067
01:13:47,150 --> 01:13:49,051
THE AWARD THIS MONTH AND WE ARE

2068
01:13:49,051 --> 01:13:50,586
WORKING HARD TO COLLECT OUR

2069
01:13:50,586 --> 01:13:51,721
LESSONS AS WE GO AND WE LOOK

2070
01:13:51,721 --> 01:13:52,855
FORWARD TO SHARING THOSE WITH

2071
01:13:52,855 --> 01:13:55,391
ALL OF YOU AND I JUST REALLY

2072
01:13:55,391 --> 01:13:57,627
WANT TO AMEND THANKS SO MUCH TO

2073
01:13:57,627 --> 01:14:00,396
NORA AND SO MANY COLLEAGUES FOR

2074
01:14:00,396 --> 01:14:02,365
SUPPORT FOR THIS.

2075
01:14:02,365 --> 01:14:02,632
>> ARPANA.

2076
01:14:02,632 --> 01:14:02,965
>> THANK YOU.

2077
01:14:02,965 --> 01:14:05,101
THANK YOU, NORA, FOR THAT LOVELY

2078
01:14:05,101 --> 01:14:06,068
PRESENTATION.

2079
01:14:06,068 --> 01:14:09,138
JUST TO FOLLOW UP ON WHAT WAS

2080
01:14:09,138 --> 01:14:10,306
ASKED, I THINK THIS KNOWLEDGE

2081
01:14:10,306 --> 01:14:12,942
CAN BE QUITE VALUABLE, SO I

2082
01:14:12,942 --> 01:14:16,212
NOTICED IN YOUR SLIDE AT THE

2083
01:14:16,212 --> 01:14:19,215
BLUE BAR, PACIFIC ISLANDERS ARE

2084
01:14:19,215 --> 01:14:21,384
BEGINNING TO PICK UP, ENGAGING

2085
01:14:21,384 --> 01:14:23,486
COMMUNITIES THERE, PERHAPS SOME

2086
01:14:23,486 --> 01:14:24,620
OF THESE LESSONS WE'RE GETTING

2087
01:14:24,620 --> 01:14:27,256
FROM WORKING IN NCREW MIGHT BE

2088
01:14:27,256 --> 01:14:30,193
HELPFUL IN SETTING THOSE

2089
01:14:30,193 --> 01:14:31,594
POPULATIONS -- THAT AGAIN,

2090
01:14:31,594 --> 01:14:33,029
ISLAND COMMUNITIES WHERE ACCESS

2091
01:14:33,029 --> 01:14:35,031
TO TREAT PMENTS MAY BE MORE

2092
01:14:35,031 --> 01:14:38,634
DIFFICULT.

2093
01:14:38,634 --> 01:14:40,503
>> THEY WERE ALLOWED TO
COMPETE

2094
01:14:40,503 --> 01:14:43,472
AND I DO NOT KNOW, DID WE HAVE

2095
01:14:43,472 --> 01:14:48,010
SOMEONE FROM HAWAII?

2096
01:14:48,010 --> 01:14:49,979
>> WE DON'T HAVE ANYTHING
WE CAN

2097
01:14:49,979 --> 01:14:51,147
PUBLICLY SHARE RIGHT NOW BUT WE

2098
01:14:51,147 --> 01:14:52,615
ARE STILL WORKING ACTIVELY TO

2099
01:14:52,615 --> 01:14:53,583
MAKE SURE THAT WE HAVE WORK

2100
01:14:53,583 --> 01:14:55,318
GOING ON IN HAWAII AS WELL.

2101
01:14:55,318 --> 01:14:57,386
>> AND THEN I DO WANT TO

2102
01:14:57,386 --> 01:15:04,427
CONTINUE THE RITA IF I COULD AND

2103
01:15:04,427 --> 01:15:06,095
CONGRATULATE YOU ON JUST THE

2104
01:15:06,095 --> 01:15:06,896
EXTRAORDINARY PORTFOLIO YOU HAVE

2105
01:15:06,896 --> 01:15:08,731
BUILT.

2106
01:15:08,731 --> 01:15:09,732
THE TWO STUDIES THAT -- YOU

2107
01:15:09,732 --> 01:15:12,335
MENTIONED THAT HAVE HAD

2108
01:15:12,335 --> 01:15:13,436
TREMENDOUS IMPACT, PARTICULARLY

2109
01:15:13,436 --> 01:15:19,242
ON EARLY CAREER INVESTIG INVEST,

2110
01:15:19,242 --> 01:15:27,617
ABCD CA KID OWES S ARE NOT KIDS.

2111
01:15:27,617 --> 01:15:29,652
WE'LL HAVE THIS UNIQUE

2112
01:15:29,652 --> 01:15:33,522
OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY LARGE --

2113
01:15:33,522 --> 01:15:36,292
ONE OF THE THINGS I'M CURIOUS

2114
01:15:36,292 --> 01:15:38,728
ABOUT A ABC CONTINUES AND KINE

2115
01:15:38,728 --> 01:15:43,065
OF MERGES PERHAPS INTO -- IS THE

2116
01:15:43,065 --> 01:15:44,900
EFFECT OF STUDY PARTICIPATION.

2117
01:15:44,900 --> 01:15:46,736
I THINK ONE OF THE THINGS THAT

2118
01:15:46,736 --> 01:15:48,838
MIGHT BE VERY ENCOURAGING FOR

2119
01:15:48,838 --> 01:15:50,139
COMMUNITIES WHERE THERE IS

2120
01:15:50,139 --> 01:15:52,608
DISTRUST TOWARDS RESEARCH AND

2121
01:15:52,608 --> 01:15:54,076
CONCERNS ABOUT THE -- IS TO SHOW

2122
01:15:54,076 --> 01:15:55,378
THE POSITIVE IMPACT OF

2123
01:15:55,378 --> 01:15:58,447
PARTICIPATING IN THE LONGITUDAL

2124
01:15:58,447 --> 01:15:58,981
STUDY.

2125
01:15:58,981 --> 01:16:00,783
I THINK ABCD MIGHT BE ONE OF

2126
01:16:00,783 --> 01:16:02,385
THOSE EXAMPLES WHERE WE COULD

2127
01:16:02,385 --> 01:16:03,419
REALLY DOCUMENT WHAT HAPPENS TO

2128
01:16:03,419 --> 01:16:04,820
YOUNG PEOPLE WHEN THEY JOIN A

2129
01:16:04,820 --> 01:16:06,389
STUDY AND LEARN MORE ABOUT

2130
01:16:06,389 --> 01:16:08,791
THEMSELVES, AND THE OUTCOME THAT

2131
01:16:08,791 --> 01:16:11,794
HAS ON THEM POTENTIALLY AS

2132
01:16:11,794 --> 01:16:14,297
PARENTS, CAREGIVERS AND AS CON

2133
01:16:14,297 --> 01:16:16,065
DULTS IN THE COMMUNITY.

2134
01:16:16,065 --> 01:16:20,269
>> ALL M I CAN SAY IS
WE'RE

2135
01:16:20,269 --> 01:16:23,839
BASICALLY PLANNING ON ABCD TO

2136
01:16:23,839 --> 01:16:24,674
.0.

2137
01:16:24,674 --> 01:16:28,878
 -- STARTING TO CREATE VIDEOS TO

2138
01:16:28,878 --> 01:16:30,346
RECRUIT THE TEENAGERS

2139
01:16:30,346 --> 01:16:31,914
THEMSELVES.

2140
01:16:31,914 --> 01:16:34,016
BECAUSE IT GENERATES A SENSE OF

2141
01:16:34,016 --> 01:16:36,085
BELONGING THAT ACTUALLY -- BUT

2142
01:16:36,085 --> 01:16:39,889
AS A TRANSITION INTO ADULTHOOD,

2143
01:16:39,889 --> 01:16:41,791
THAT ROLE IS GOING TO MANIFEST

2144
01:16:41,791 --> 01:16:45,294
IN DIFFERENT WAYS.

2145
01:16:45,294 --> 01:16:48,864
BUT WE REALIZE ENORMOUS VALUE OF

2146
01:16:48,864 --> 01:16:52,802
TRYING TO KEEP THE ABCD ALIVE

2147
01:16:52,802 --> 01:16:55,304
LONGITUDINALLY, BUT IT -- YOU

2148
01:16:55,304 --> 01:16:56,605
DON'T HAVE THE FAMILY STRUCTURE,

2149
01:16:56,605 --> 01:16:58,607
YOU HAVE EVERYONE GOING

2150
01:16:58,607 --> 01:16:59,141
DIFFERENT WAYS.

2151
01:16:59,141 --> 01:17:02,678
BUT THAT'S -- WE HAVE TO FIGURE

2152
01:17:02,678 --> 01:17:03,913
OUT IN ORDER TO MAKE IT

2153
01:17:03,913 --> 01:17:04,613
POSSIBLE.

2154
01:17:04,613 --> 01:17:10,286
WE'RE VERY COMMITTED TO IT.

2155
01:17:10,286 --> 01:17:12,121
>> I SEE CHARLES.

2156
01:17:12,121 --> 01:17:12,888
>> HI, NORA.

2157
01:17:12,888 --> 01:17:15,191
I WANT TO COME BACK TO THE

2158
01:17:15,191 --> 01:17:16,125
BUDGET SLIDE THAT YOU SHOWED,

2159
01:17:16,125 --> 01:17:18,060
AND THE IMPACT OF THE FLAT

2160
01:17:18,060 --> 01:17:18,928
BUDGETS THAT WE'VE EXPERIENCED

2161
01:17:18,928 --> 01:17:22,798
FOR THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS.

2162
01:17:22,798 --> 01:17:24,333
THIS REALLY HAS A STRIKING

2163
01:17:24,333 --> 01:17:25,868
IMPACT ON THE WAY IN WHICH

2164
01:17:25,868 --> 01:17:30,973
SCIENCE IS CARRIED FORWARD

2165
01:17:30,973 --> 01:17:33,976
BECAUSE CLEARLY AS COSTS,

2166
01:17:33,976 --> 01:17:36,445
SALARIES GO UP, AS THINGS BECOME

2167
01:17:36,445 --> 01:17:38,447
MORE EXPENSIVE, THAT FLAT BUDGET

2168
01:17:38,447 --> 01:17:41,016
IS REALLY GOING TO BE NEGATIVELY

2169
01:17:41,016 --> 01:17:41,484
IMPACTED.

2170
01:17:41,484 --> 01:17:42,585
YOU COMMENTED ABOUT THAT AND YOU

2171
01:17:42,585 --> 01:17:44,954
BROUGHT IT UP, THAT THE ISSUE OF

2172
01:17:44,954 --> 01:17:46,956
BEING STRATEGIC, I THINK IS

2173
01:17:46,956 --> 01:17:48,190
REALLY IMPORTANT, AND I'M HOPING

2174
01:17:48,190 --> 01:17:49,658
THAT YOU COULD EXPAND A LITTLE

2175
01:17:49,658 --> 01:17:52,027
BIT ABOUT WHAT THAT ACTUALLY

2176
01:17:52,027 --> 01:17:53,562
MEANS.

2177
01:17:53,562 --> 01:17:54,497
SPECIFICALLY, WHAT I'M CONCERNED

2178
01:17:54,497 --> 01:17:57,967
ABOUT IS THAT NIDA AND OTHER NIH

2179
01:17:57,967 --> 01:17:59,902
INSTITUTES RELY VERY HEAVILY ON

2180
01:17:59,902 --> 01:18:03,606
THE QUALITY OF THE PEER REVIEW.

2181
01:18:03,606 --> 01:18:05,274
PEER REVIEW IS WONDERFUL.

2182
01:18:05,274 --> 01:18:08,544
RILEY CAN'T MA IMAGINE ANOTHER

2183
01:18:08,544 --> 01:18:09,145
SYSTEM OTHER THAN PEER REVIEW

2184
01:18:09,145 --> 01:18:10,312
THAT CAN GIVE US THE KIND OF

2185
01:18:10,312 --> 01:18:11,247
QUALITY SCIENCE WE'VE BEEN ABLE

2186
01:18:11,247 --> 01:18:12,515
TO ACHIEVE, BUT ON THE OTHER

2187
01:18:12,515 --> 01:18:13,816
HAND, IT'S WELL DOCUMENTED THAT

2188
01:18:13,816 --> 01:18:16,185
PEER REVIEWERS TEND TO BE VERY

2189
01:18:16,185 --> 01:18:17,787
CONSERVATIVE, AND SO WE MISS THE

2190
01:18:17,787 --> 01:18:20,423
OPPORTUNITY BY RELYING SOLELY ON

2191
01:18:20,423 --> 01:18:23,025
PEER REVIEW TO REALLY GET AHOLD

2192
01:18:23,025 --> 01:18:25,227
OF EARLY IDEAS THAT ARE VERY

2193
01:18:25,227 --> 01:18:27,029
HIGH IMPACT, AND THAT AS DOLLARS

2194
01:18:27,029 --> 01:18:29,632
BECOME EVEN MORE CONSTRAINED,

2195
01:18:29,632 --> 01:18:32,134
THE WHOLE PROCESS BECOMES EVEN

2196
01:18:32,134 --> 01:18:34,770
MORE CO CONSERVATIVE.

2197
01:18:34,770 --> 01:18:36,505
AND THAT'S FINE, WE'LL SURVIVE,

2198
01:18:36,505 --> 01:18:38,140
WE'VE BEEN THROUGH BUDGET

2199
01:18:38,140 --> 01:18:40,009
DOWNTURNS BEFORE, WE ALWAYS COME

2200
01:18:40,009 --> 01:18:41,644
OUT AT THE END BETTER THAN

2201
01:18:41,644 --> 01:18:42,244
BEFORE.

2202
01:18:42,244 --> 01:18:43,646
BUT ON THE OTHER HAND, I WONDER

2203
01:18:43,646 --> 01:18:46,382
IF THERE'S A WAY TO ACTUALLY BE

2204
01:18:46,382 --> 01:18:50,186
STRATEGIC IN A FORMALIZED WAY.

2205
01:18:50,186 --> 01:18:51,987
MOST OF THE ACTIVITY GETS DONE

2206
01:18:51,987 --> 01:18:54,056
BY OUR PROGRAM OFFICERS, WHEN

2207
01:18:54,056 --> 01:18:57,193
THEY LOOK AT THE RANKINGS OF THE

2208
01:18:57,193 --> 01:19:00,863
PROGRAM, OF THE CSR REVIEWED,

2209
01:19:00,863 --> 01:19:02,298
AND THEN RELY ON FUNDING IN

2210
01:19:02,298 --> 01:19:06,235
ORDER, BUT MY SENSE WAS THAT WE

2211
01:19:06,235 --> 01:19:08,571
MISS THE OPPORTUNITY TO IDENTIFY

2212
01:19:08,571 --> 01:19:10,372
HIGH IMPACT STUDIES THAT THE

2213
01:19:10,372 --> 01:19:11,474
CONSERVATIVE REVIEWERS JUST

2214
01:19:11,474 --> 01:19:13,342
DON'T FEEL LIKE THEY WANT TO

2215
01:19:13,342 --> 01:19:13,676
SUPPORT.

2216
01:19:13,676 --> 01:19:16,145
SO I WONDER IF THERE'S A WAY TO

2217
01:19:16,145 --> 01:19:18,614
BE ABLE TO KIND OF CUT ASIDE A

2218
01:19:18,614 --> 01:19:22,318
SMALL AMOUNT OF MONEY FOR REALLY

2219
01:19:22,318 --> 01:19:23,452
HIGH IMPACT STUDIES THAT REALLY

2220
01:19:23,452 --> 01:19:26,121
COULD BE IDENTIFIED BY SOME

2221
01:19:26,121 --> 01:19:27,456
SECONDARY REVIEW PROCESS,

2222
01:19:27,456 --> 01:19:30,793
PERHAPS BY THE PROGRAM OFFICERS,

2223
01:19:30,793 --> 01:19:32,228
PERHAPS BY COUNCIL, TO REALLY

2224
01:19:32,228 --> 01:19:34,230
IDENTIFY EARLY STAGE HIGH IMPACT

2225
01:19:34,230 --> 01:19:35,865
STUDIES AND MAKE SURE THAT THEY

2226
01:19:35,865 --> 01:19:36,565
GED FUNDED.

2227
01:19:36,565 --> 01:19:40,369
YOU KNOW, IT'S REALLY A SERIOUS

2228
01:19:40,369 --> 01:19:40,803
CHALLENGE.

2229
01:19:40,803 --> 01:19:43,072
I DON'T KNOW HOW TO ACTUALLY DO

2230
01:19:43,072 --> 01:19:45,174
THAT, BUT I WAS HOPING YOU COULD

2231
01:19:45,174 --> 01:19:47,276
EXPAND ON WHAT YOU MEAN BY

2232
01:19:47,276 --> 01:19:48,143
STRATEGIC, AND HOPE THAT WE CAN

2233
01:19:48,143 --> 01:19:51,046
COME UP WITH A WAY TO NOT LOSE

2234
01:19:51,046 --> 01:19:53,015
THEIR HIGH-RISK PROJECTS.

2235
01:19:53,015 --> 01:19:56,352
COMING BACK TO HIGH RISK

2236
01:19:56,352 --> 01:19:58,754
PROJECTS, THE R21 MECHANISM IS

2237
01:19:58,754 --> 01:20:00,055
DESIGNED TO TRY TO IDENTIFY

2238
01:20:00,055 --> 01:20:02,691
THOSE PROPOSALS BASED ON THE

2239
01:20:02,691 --> 01:20:03,392
APPLICANT'S PERSPECTIVE OF WHAT

2240
01:20:03,392 --> 01:20:06,061
A HIGH IMPACT R21 PROJECT IS.

2241
01:20:06,061 --> 01:20:07,263
MY EXPERIENCE WITH THAT, AND

2242
01:20:07,263 --> 01:20:09,698
YOU'VE GOT A BROADER VIEW OF

2243
01:20:09,698 --> 01:20:10,799
THIS, IS THAT THESE REALLY

2244
01:20:10,799 --> 01:20:14,003
AREN'T VERY SUCCESSFUL IN

2245
01:20:14,003 --> 01:20:15,437
IDENTIFYING HIGH IMPACT HIGH

2246
01:20:15,437 --> 01:20:15,905
RISK PROJECTS.

2247
01:20:15,905 --> 01:20:17,473
AGAIN, THE SAME REVIEWERS APPLY

2248
01:20:17,473 --> 01:20:19,475
THE SAME LENS AND ARE SUPER

2249
01:20:19,475 --> 01:20:22,545
CONSERVATIVE, AND I BELIEVE THAT

2250
01:20:22,545 --> 01:20:23,746
R21 GRANTS MAY HAVE A LOWER

2251
01:20:23,746 --> 01:20:26,148
FUNDING RATE THAN R01s, BUT I

2252
01:20:26,148 --> 01:20:28,117
DON'T KNOW THAT IN HAND.

2253
01:20:28,117 --> 01:20:35,491
I'M JUST CURIOUS, WITH THAT IDEA

2254
01:20:35,491 --> 01:20:37,726
OF A HIGH RISK R2 # PROGRAM THAT

2255
01:20:37,726 --> 01:20:39,528
ISN'T REALLY WORKING IN THE WAY

2256
01:20:39,528 --> 01:20:42,264
THAT R21s WERE ORIGINALLY

2257
01:20:42,264 --> 01:20:43,132
INTENDED, IS THERE A WAY TO COME

2258
01:20:43,132 --> 01:20:45,000
BACK AND PICK A FEW HIGH-IMPACT

2259
01:20:45,000 --> 01:20:47,970
STUDIES IN A SYSTEMATIC WAY AND

2260
01:20:47,970 --> 01:20:49,572
TAKE A GAMBLE.

2261
01:20:49,572 --> 01:20:53,108
MAYBE A TWO-YEAR LIKE THE R21s

2262
01:20:53,108 --> 01:20:56,045
DO, WHERE THERE'S A MECHANISM TO

2263
01:20:56,045 --> 01:20:57,980
IDENTIFY REALLY CREATIVE

2264
01:20:57,980 --> 01:20:59,515
PROJECTS THAT ARE WORTH A SHOT,

2265
01:20:59,515 --> 01:21:00,616
THEY COULD FAIL BUT THEY COULD

2266
01:21:00,616 --> 01:21:01,917
BE REALLY AMAZING.

2267
01:21:01,917 --> 01:21:03,552
WHEREAS WHAT WE HAVE RIGHT NOW

2268
01:21:03,552 --> 01:21:07,756
IS A VERY CONSERVATIVE APPROACH

2269
01:21:07,756 --> 01:21:09,191
THAT HAS BEEN GREAT, NOT

2270
01:21:09,191 --> 01:21:10,626
CRITICIZING IT, BUT IT JUST

2271
01:21:10,626 --> 01:21:14,730
MISSES, AND AS WE INTENSIFY OUR

2272
01:21:14,730 --> 01:21:16,799
BUDGET CONSTRAINTS, IT JUST

2273
01:21:16,799 --> 01:21:19,034
EXACERBATES THAT PROBLEM.

2274
01:21:19,034 --> 01:21:20,936
>> AND CERTAINLY I
RESONATE WITH

2275
01:21:20,936 --> 01:21:22,638
THIS CONCERN AND WE ALL RESONATE

2276
01:21:22,638 --> 01:21:25,708
WITH THAT.

2277
01:21:25,708 --> 01:21:27,376
WE'RE VERY, VERY AWARE.

2278
01:21:27,376 --> 01:21:28,310
SO SOME OF THE THINGS WE'VE

2279
01:21:28,310 --> 01:21:29,878
DONE, THAT'S WHY WE ACTUALLY

2280
01:21:29,878 --> 01:21:30,746
INITIATED THE AVANT-GARDE

2281
01:21:30,746 --> 01:21:39,088
PROGRAM, WHICH IS A HIGH RISK

2282
01:21:39,088 --> 01:21:43,058
AREA -- ALSO NIDA IS ONE OF THE

2283
01:21:43,058 --> 01:21:47,062
INSTITUTES THAT DOES NOT

2284
01:21:47,062 --> 01:21:48,631
AUTOMATICALLY FUND APPLICATIONS

2285
01:21:48,631 --> 01:21:51,834
JUST BASED ON THE SCORES AND THE

2286
01:21:51,834 --> 01:21:52,635
PERCENTILES.

2287
01:21:52,635 --> 01:21:53,936
THE SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM OFFICERS

2288
01:21:53,936 --> 01:21:55,604
CAN BRING UP APPLICATIONS THAT

2289
01:21:55,604 --> 01:21:58,440
THEY THINK ARE WORTHWHILE AND

2290
01:21:58,440 --> 01:22:02,745
MERITORIOUS, AND WE GIVE THE

2291
01:22:02,745 --> 01:22:04,513
INVESTIGATOR A CHANCE -- IF THEY

2292
01:22:04,513 --> 01:22:06,248
DO, THEN WE FUND THEM.

2293
01:22:06,248 --> 01:22:08,150
WHERE WE DON'T HAVE FLEXIBILITY

2294
01:22:08,150 --> 01:22:09,718
COMES WHEN THEY DON'T GET A

2295
01:22:09,718 --> 01:22:10,819
SCORE, WHEN AN APPLICATION IS

2296
01:22:10,819 --> 01:22:12,988
NOT SCORED, THEN THAT TIES OUR

2297
01:22:12,988 --> 01:22:16,225
HANDS.

2298
01:22:16,225 --> 01:22:17,926
BUT SAID SOMETHING INTRIGUING

2299
01:22:17,926 --> 01:22:19,962
AND THAT I LIKE, WE NEVER

2300
01:22:19,962 --> 01:22:23,332
DISCUSSED THE ISSUE, NOR HAVE WE

2301
01:22:23,332 --> 01:22:24,900
DISCUSSED WAYS IN WHICH WE CAN

2302
01:22:24,900 --> 01:22:26,769
ENGAGE COUNCIL TO HELP US

2303
01:22:26,769 --> 01:22:29,138
IDENTIFY R21s THAT YOU ALL

2304
01:22:29,138 --> 01:22:31,440
THINK COULD BE -- THEY ARE RISKY

2305
01:22:31,440 --> 01:22:33,509
BUT THEY ARE WORTHWHILE

2306
01:22:33,509 --> 01:22:33,809
INVESTMENTS.

2307
01:22:33,809 --> 01:22:35,344
SO WE WILL LOOK INTO THIS,

2308
01:22:35,344 --> 01:22:39,314
BECAUSE NA IS A MECH THAT IS A M

2309
01:22:39,314 --> 01:22:40,549
ITSELF THAT WE HAVE NOT

2310
01:22:40,549 --> 01:22:44,687
EXPLORED.

2311
01:22:44,687 --> 01:22:48,590
ANGIE?

2312
01:22:48,590 --> 01:22:50,125
>> I HAVE TWO QUESTIONS
ABOUT

2313
01:22:50,125 --> 01:22:50,826
HPC DSM.

2314
01:22:50,826 --> 01:22:55,931
PCD.

2315
01:22:55,931 --> 01:22:56,598
YOU'RE AT 2,000 NOW, YOU'RE

2316
01:22:56,598 --> 01:22:59,768
GOING TO GET THE FULL SAMPLE BY

2317
01:22:59,768 --> 01:23:00,803
'27, 7,000 PARTICIPANTS, SO

2318
01:23:00,803 --> 01:23:02,404
THAT'S GOING TO BE A FOUR-YEAR

2319
01:23:02,404 --> 01:23:04,139
ENROLLMENT PERIOD SO THAT'S

2320
01:23:04,139 --> 01:23:07,609
TWICE THE TIMELINE FOR ADCD.

2321
01:23:07,609 --> 01:23:09,078
I WAS WONDERING WHAT THE

2322
01:23:09,078 --> 01:23:11,313
IMPLICATIONS WERE FOR THE TOTAL

2323
01:23:11,313 --> 01:23:12,614
PROJECT IN TERMS OF NUMBER OF

2324
01:23:12,614 --> 01:23:14,083
YEARS BUT ALSO AGES COVERED.

2325
01:23:14,083 --> 01:23:15,984
ARE WE STILL AIMING FOR THOSE 10

2326
01:23:15,984 --> 01:23:21,356
YEARS, SO WILL IT BE LONGER

2327
01:23:21,356 --> 01:23:21,590
BUDGET?

2328
01:23:21,590 --> 01:23:23,058
MY SECOND QUESTION, I ALSO

2329
01:23:23,058 --> 01:23:25,294
NOTICED YOU ARE LOOKING AT AN

2330
01:23:25,294 --> 01:23:26,061
UNDERREPRESENTATION OF THE

2331
01:23:26,061 --> 01:23:27,796
OPIOID EXPOSURE, SO I WAS

2332
01:23:27,796 --> 01:23:29,465
CURIOUS TO KNOW THE STRATEGIES

2333
01:23:29,465 --> 01:23:32,801
TO TRY TO MAKE UP FOR THAT AND

2334
01:23:32,801 --> 01:23:33,368
HIT THOSE TARGETS.

2335
01:23:33,368 --> 01:23:36,105
>> AND YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY
RIGHT,

2336
01:23:36,105 --> 01:23:38,741
I WANTED TO BE AS AMBITION WE

2337
01:23:38,741 --> 01:23:41,877
WERE TO THE ABCD BUT IN TERMS OF

2338
01:23:41,877 --> 01:23:43,345
THE LOGISTICS AND PRACTICALITY

2339
01:23:43,345 --> 01:23:44,580
IT WAS CLEAR THAT WAS GOING TO

2340
01:23:44,580 --> 01:23:48,784
BE IMPOSSIBLE.

2341
01:23:48,784 --> 01:23:52,387
FOYOU ARE GOING AFTER PREGNANT

2342
01:23:52,387 --> 01:23:54,723
WOMEN OR INFANTS, AND YOU'RE

2343
01:23:54,723 --> 01:23:55,557
ALSO OVERSAMPLING ON PEOPLE

2344
01:23:55,557 --> 01:23:56,558
EXPOSED TO SUBSTANCE USE

2345
01:23:56,558 --> 01:23:57,626
DISORDER SO THEY ARE COMING FROM

2346
01:23:57,626 --> 01:23:59,294
MUCH MORE ADVERSE BACKGROUNDS.

2347
01:23:59,294 --> 01:24:01,230
SO WE WERE TRYING TO FIT IT ON

2348
01:24:01,230 --> 01:24:02,431
THREE YEARS AND IT BECAME CLEAR

2349
01:24:02,431 --> 01:24:05,033
THAT THAT WAS NOT GOING TO BE

2350
01:24:05,033 --> 01:24:07,503
LOGICALLY FEASIBLE.

2351
01:24:07,503 --> 01:24:08,837
REALISTICALLY FEASIBLE, AND

2352
01:24:08,837 --> 01:24:09,872
THAT'S WHY WE WENT FOR FOUR

2353
01:24:09,872 --> 01:24:10,272
YEARS.

2354
01:24:10,272 --> 01:24:15,210
IT WILL MEAN YES THAT ULTIMATELY

2355
01:24:15,210 --> 01:24:16,812
WE WILL HAVE TO FUND FOR 14

2356
01:24:16,812 --> 01:24:17,813
YEARS BECAUSE YOU WANT TO GET

2357
01:24:17,813 --> 01:24:19,248
THE COMPLETE DATASET.

2358
01:24:19,248 --> 01:24:23,285
AND SO THAT IS AN ASPECT -- AS

2359
01:24:23,285 --> 01:24:30,726
IT RELAYS TO THE

2360
01:24:30,726 --> 01:24:32,027
UNDERRECRUITMENT OF PEOPLE

2361
01:24:32,027 --> 01:24:33,662
TAKING OPIOIDS, THE WAY WE GO

2362
01:24:33,662 --> 01:24:35,864
ABOUT IT IS WE BASICALLY -- ALL

2363
01:24:35,864 --> 01:24:37,299
THE SITES THAT HAVE BEEN

2364
01:24:37,299 --> 01:24:38,500
SELECTED, WHAT ARE THE RESOURCES

2365
01:24:38,500 --> 01:24:40,369
THAT THEY NEED IN ORDER TO GO

2366
01:24:40,369 --> 01:24:45,808
OUT INTO THE COMMUNITY AND BRING

2367
01:24:45,808 --> 01:24:46,508
MORE PARTICIPANTS.

2368
01:24:46,508 --> 01:24:48,076
THAT MAY REQUIRE THAT WE

2369
01:24:48,076 --> 01:24:48,811
SUPPLEMENT CERTAIN GROUPS SO

2370
01:24:48,811 --> 01:24:50,612
THAT WE CAN BRING TOGETHER

2371
01:24:50,612 --> 01:24:51,847
INVESTIGATORS THAT WERE NOT

2372
01:24:51,847 --> 01:24:52,815
INVOLVED IN THE PAST THAT CAN

2373
01:24:52,815 --> 01:24:56,518
SHOW THAT THEY CAN PROVIDE IT.

2374
01:24:56,518 --> 01:24:58,086
I WAS SOMEWHAT DISAPPOINTED

2375
01:24:58,086 --> 01:24:59,822
BECAUSE THEY ARE DOING VERY,

2376
01:24:59,822 --> 01:25:03,525
VERY WELL IN THE REST OF THE

2377
01:25:03,525 --> 01:25:04,760
DEMOGRAPHICS.

2378
01:25:04,760 --> 01:25:06,762
BUT NOT ON EXPOSURES WITH OPIOID

2379
01:25:06,762 --> 01:25:07,496
USE DISORDER.

2380
01:25:07,496 --> 01:25:10,732
I KNEW IT WAS GOING TO BE

2381
01:25:10,732 --> 01:25:11,633
CHALLENGING BECAUSE -- ILLICIT

2382
01:25:11,633 --> 01:25:13,035
SUBSTANCES.

2383
01:25:13,035 --> 01:25:13,402
GOOD LUCK.

2384
01:25:13,402 --> 01:25:15,938
AND SO I DO UNDERSTAND, BUT

2385
01:25:15,938 --> 01:25:16,772
THERE ARE INVESTIGATORS THAT

2386
01:25:16,772 --> 01:25:19,174
HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL, SO MY VIEW

2387
01:25:19,174 --> 01:25:21,543
IS, LET'S LEARN FROM THEM, LET'S

2388
01:25:21,543 --> 01:25:22,911
TRY TO FIGURE OUT, WHICH IS ONE

2389
01:25:22,911 --> 01:25:24,313
OF THE COMPLEXITIES AND

2390
01:25:24,313 --> 01:25:30,452
CHALLENGES.

2391
01:25:30,452 --> 01:25:33,555
I THINK THOSE ARE ALL OF THE

2392
01:25:33,555 --> 01:25:37,226
QUESTIONS?

2393
01:25:37,226 --> 01:25:37,459
MELANIE?

2394
01:25:37,459 --> 01:25:42,431
>> THANK YOU, NORA.

2395
01:25:42,431 --> 01:25:43,398
AND CONGRATS TO YOU AND THE

2396
01:25:43,398 --> 01:25:44,333
PROGRAM FOR GREAT PROGRESS.

2397
01:25:44,333 --> 01:25:45,133
I HAVE TWO QUESTIONS.

2398
01:25:45,133 --> 01:25:48,604
ONE IS RELATED TO THE NCRU

2399
01:25:48,604 --> 01:25:49,638
PROGRAM INITIATIVE, WHICH I

2400
01:25:49,638 --> 01:25:51,306
THINK IS A WONDERFUL INITIATIVE.

2401
01:25:51,306 --> 01:25:52,641
WANTED TO SEE WHETHER IT IS

2402
01:25:52,641 --> 01:25:55,978
CURRENTLY OR WILL IN THE FUTURE

2403
01:25:55,978 --> 01:25:57,613
CONTAIN A SPECIFIC HIV

2404
01:25:57,613 --> 01:26:00,148
COMPONENT, GIVEN THE INCREASE IN

2405
01:26:00,148 --> 01:26:02,784
NEW INFECTIONS IN THE TRIBAL

2406
01:26:02,784 --> 01:26:03,552
COMMUNITIES.

2407
01:26:03,552 --> 01:26:05,053
AND MY SECOND QUESTION IS

2408
01:26:05,053 --> 01:26:09,424
REGARDED TO THE EZ MERIT AWARD

2409
01:26:09,424 --> 01:26:11,059
WHICH I THINK YOU HAVE VERY

2410
01:26:11,059 --> 01:26:12,160
EXCITING APPLICATIONS FOR.

2411
01:26:12,160 --> 01:26:14,563
WANTED TO SEE WHEN AND HOW WE'RE

2412
01:26:14,563 --> 01:26:17,299
GOING TO EVALUATE THAT IS A

2413
01:26:17,299 --> 01:26:20,802
SUCCESSFUL STRATEGY.

2414
01:26:20,802 --> 01:26:22,337
>> IN THE SORT OF -- HOW
ARE WE

2415
01:26:22,337 --> 01:26:28,110
GOING TO EVALUATE THE MERIT OF

2416
01:26:28,110 --> 01:26:29,645
ESI AWARDS.

2417
01:26:29,645 --> 01:26:31,847
I GUESS WE WANT TO HAVE AT LEAST

2418
01:26:31,847 --> 01:26:33,749
FIVE YEARS IDEALLY, BUT WE WILL

2419
01:26:33,749 --> 01:26:34,616
EVALUATE THE THREE YEARS.

2420
01:26:34,616 --> 01:26:36,218
WE NEED TO EVALUATE THE THREE

2421
01:26:36,218 --> 01:26:39,554
YEARS TO GET A SENSE OF WHERE

2422
01:26:39,554 --> 01:26:40,756
THIS INVESTIGATES ARE, WHAT ARE

2423
01:26:40,756 --> 01:26:41,723
THE CHARACTERISTICS.

2424
01:26:41,723 --> 01:26:45,494
BECAUSE WE DON'T WANT TO END UP

2425
01:26:45,494 --> 01:26:47,062
WHAT HAPPENED LAST -- I THINK IT

2426
01:26:47,062 --> 01:26:55,470
WAS LIKE 35% ARE MALES, I DON'T

2427
01:26:55,470 --> 01:26:56,672
WANT TO DO THAT AFTER THE

2428
01:26:56,672 --> 01:26:57,172
EVALUATION.

2429
01:26:57,172 --> 01:26:59,041
WE KEEP OUR EYES ON A YEARLY

2430
01:26:59,041 --> 01:27:00,842
TIME PERIOD BUT THEN THREE YEARS

2431
01:27:00,842 --> 01:27:02,611
AND FIVE YEARS AND SEE ARE WE

2432
01:27:02,611 --> 01:27:04,146
WHERE WE WANTED, WHERE WE WERE

2433
01:27:04,146 --> 01:27:06,315
AIMING TO BE, YES.

2434
01:27:06,315 --> 01:27:09,685
WITH RESPECT TO THE -- YOU THINK

2435
01:27:09,685 --> 01:27:12,054
I WOULD BE SURPRISED IF WE

2436
01:27:12,054 --> 01:27:13,989
DON'T -- WE'VE ALREADY STARTED

2437
01:27:13,989 --> 01:27:15,891
TO REDUCE THE UNIT TO HELP

2438
01:27:15,891 --> 01:27:18,827
RESEARCH ON HIV BUT ALSO

2439
01:27:18,827 --> 01:27:22,464
HEPATITIS C SO YES INDEED.

2440
01:27:22,464 --> 01:27:29,237
>> THANK YOU.

2441
01:27:29,237 --> 01:27:31,440
>> WELL, NOW WE GO INTO
THE NEXT

2442
01:27:31,440 --> 01:27:34,843
TOPIC OF THE PRESENTATION AND

2443
01:27:34,843 --> 01:27:36,878
IT'S A PLEASURE FOR ME TO

2444
01:27:36,878 --> 01:27:38,413
INTRODUCE DR. JOHN NGAI,

2445
01:27:38,413 --> 01:27:39,348
DIRECTOR OF THE NIH BRAIN

2446
01:27:39,348 --> 01:27:40,949
INITIATIVE.

2447
01:27:40,949 --> 01:27:42,784
AND SO HE'S OUT THERE IN THE

2448
01:27:42,784 --> 01:27:43,251
CLOUD.

2449
01:27:43,251 --> 01:27:45,921
HE IS THE DIRECTOR OF THE NIH

2450
01:27:45,921 --> 01:27:48,290
BRAIN RESEARCH THROUGH ADVANCING

2451
01:27:48,290 --> 01:27:50,459
INNOVATION NEUROTECHNOLOGIES.

2452
01:27:50,459 --> 01:27:55,330
AND HE HAS BASICALLY DIRECTED

2453
01:27:55,330 --> 01:27:57,032
THIS BRAIN VERY, VERY ABLY.

2454
01:27:57,032 --> 01:28:00,836
HE OVERSEES THE LONG-TERM

2455
01:28:00,836 --> 01:28:04,072
STRATEGY AND -- AS HE STRIVES TO

2456
01:28:04,072 --> 01:28:05,240
REVOLUTIONIZE AND HAS SUCCEEDED

2457
01:28:05,240 --> 01:28:07,075
IN REVOLUTIONIZING ALREADY OUR

2458
01:28:07,075 --> 01:28:09,644
UNDERSTANDING OF THE BRAIN IN

2459
01:28:09,644 --> 01:28:10,278
BOTH HEALTH AND DISEASE.

2460
01:28:10,278 --> 01:28:12,614
SO JOHN, THANKS SO VERY MUCH FOR

2461
01:28:12,614 --> 01:28:14,149
AGREEING TO COME AND SPEAK WITH

2462
01:28:14,149 --> 01:28:14,316
US.

2463
01:28:14,316 --> 01:28:14,549
WELCOME.

2464
01:28:14,549 --> 01:28:15,617
>> THANKS, NORA.

2465
01:28:15,617 --> 01:28:17,019
THANKS SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME.

2466
01:28:17,019 --> 01:28:20,288
SORE ESORRY I CAN'T BE THERE WIU

2467
01:28:20,288 --> 01:28:21,923
IN PERSON BUT THE TRIBAL

2468
01:28:21,923 --> 01:28:22,858
SCHEDULE HAS BEEN NUTS THESE

2469
01:28:22,858 --> 01:28:23,158
DAYS.

2470
01:28:23,158 --> 01:28:24,593
I WANT TO GIVE YOU A BRIEF

2471
01:28:24,593 --> 01:28:25,761
INTERVIEW OF WHAT WE'VE BEEN

2472
01:28:25,761 --> 01:28:26,962
DOING AT BRAIN, GIVE YOU AN IDEA

2473
01:28:26,962 --> 01:28:28,196
OF WHAT WE'RE DOING RIGHT NOW

2474
01:28:28,196 --> 01:28:30,599
THAT'S HELPING PEOPLE BUT ALSO

2475
01:28:30,599 --> 01:28:31,800
HOW WE'RE LAYING DOWN THE

2476
01:28:31,800 --> 01:28:40,475
FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE.

2477
01:28:40,475 --> 01:28:42,144
SO 1 IN 3 AMERICANS SH 1 IN

2478
01:28:42,144 --> 01:28:43,412
3 PEOPLE IN THE WORLD ARE LIVING

2479
01:28:43,412 --> 01:28:44,546
WITH SOME DISORDER OF THEIR

2480
01:28:44,546 --> 01:28:45,847
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

2481
01:28:45,847 --> 01:28:47,015
THIS GROUP AMONG ALL, I DON'T

2482
01:28:47,015 --> 01:28:50,752
HAVE TO EMPHASIZE THE TOLL THAT

2483
01:28:50,752 --> 01:28:52,220
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER IS TAKING

2484
01:28:52,220 --> 01:28:54,756
ON OUR SOCIETY, ON INDIVIDUALS,

2485
01:28:54,756 --> 01:28:58,060
AND THEIR FAMILIES.

2486
01:28:58,060 --> 01:28:59,194
TOGETHER, MANY OF THESE

2487
01:28:59,194 --> 01:29:00,295
DISORDERS OF THE BRAIN ARE

2488
01:29:00,295 --> 01:29:01,496
CIRCUIT DISORDERS.

2489
01:29:01,496 --> 01:29:05,767
HOW THE CELLS AND CIRCUITS ARE

2490
01:29:05,767 --> 01:29:06,768
FUNCTIONING NORMALLY AND HOW

2491
01:29:06,768 --> 01:29:08,170
THINGS GO AWRY IN DISEASE.

2492
01:29:08,170 --> 01:29:09,271
AND THEY'RE QUITE COMPLEX.

2493
01:29:09,271 --> 01:29:10,939
THERE'S ABOUT 100 BILLION

2494
01:29:10,939 --> 01:29:13,208
NEURONS IN THE BRAIN, MAYBE

2495
01:29:13,208 --> 01:29:14,209
DOUBLE THAT NUMBER OF NEURONAL

2496
01:29:14,209 --> 01:29:15,610
CELLS AND THEY FUNCTION BECAUSE

2497
01:29:15,610 --> 01:29:17,045
OF THE CONNECTIONS THEY MAKE IN

2498
01:29:17,045 --> 01:29:19,347
A VERY ORCHESTRATED WAY, AND WE

2499
01:29:19,347 --> 01:29:20,715
SIMPLY DON'T REALLY HAVE THE

2500
01:29:20,715 --> 01:29:24,986
TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND HOW THIS

2501
01:29:24,986 --> 01:29:25,754
MARVELOUS COMPUTATIONAL MACHINE

2502
01:29:25,754 --> 01:29:27,589
WORKS AND UNTIL WE DO UNDERSTAND

2503
01:29:27,589 --> 01:29:28,790
HOW IT WORKS AND HAVE THE TOOLS

2504
01:29:28,790 --> 01:29:31,793
FOR THAT, THE INTERVENTIONS FOR

2505
01:29:31,793 --> 01:29:34,463
THESE DEVASTATING HUMAN BRAIN

2506
01:29:34,463 --> 01:29:36,164
DISORDERS WON'T BE FAR AWAY.

2507
01:29:36,164 --> 01:29:38,100
SO TO UNDERSTAND HOW THIS WORKS

2508
01:29:38,100 --> 01:29:39,468
AT THE CIRCUIT LEVEL AND TO

2509
01:29:39,468 --> 01:29:40,735
APPLY THIS KNOWLEDGE TO BEING A

2510
01:29:40,735 --> 01:29:42,737
SELL RATE THESE NEW DISCOVERIES

2511
01:29:42,737 --> 01:29:44,573
TOWARD DESPERATELY NEEDED CURES.

2512
01:29:44,573 --> 01:29:45,907
I OVERSEE THE BRAIN INITIATIVE

2513
01:29:45,907 --> 01:29:48,410
AT THE NIH.

2514
01:29:48,410 --> 01:29:52,848
WE SPAN 10 OF THE 27 NIH ICs,

2515
01:29:52,848 --> 01:29:56,451
SO WE'RE A TRANS-NIH INITIATIVE.

2516
01:29:56,451 --> 01:29:58,019
WE'RE UNIQUELY SITUATED FOR

2517
01:29:58,019 --> 01:30:00,288
CROSS-CUTTING AND ACCELERATED

2518
01:30:00,288 --> 01:30:01,790
DISCOVERY IN NEUROSCIENCE THAT

2519
01:30:01,790 --> 01:30:04,793
GOES BEYOND THE CAPABILITY BY

2520
01:30:04,793 --> 01:30:06,161
TAPPING SYNERGIES ACROSS

2521
01:30:06,161 --> 01:30:11,299
MULTIPLE ICs, DEVELOPING ON

2522
01:30:11,299 --> 01:30:12,901
TOOLS -- THAT CAN BE APPLIED WE

2523
01:30:12,901 --> 01:30:16,138
HOPE VERY RAPIDLY TO SOLVING

2524
01:30:16,138 --> 01:30:17,372
MISSION-SPECIFIC GOALS.

2525
01:30:17,372 --> 01:30:18,874
SO OUR GOAL HERE IS TO DEVELOP

2526
01:30:18,874 --> 01:30:21,076
AND APPLY NEW TOOLS FOR

2527
01:30:21,076 --> 01:30:23,011
UNDERSTANDING HOW NEUROCIRCUITS

2528
01:30:23,011 --> 01:30:24,713
UNDERLIE THESE COMPLEX BEHAVIORS

2529
01:30:24,713 --> 01:30:25,547
IN HEALTH AND DISEASE AS I

2530
01:30:25,547 --> 01:30:26,481
MENTIONED.

2531
01:30:26,481 --> 01:30:28,150
TO ACHIEVE THIS GOAL WE ARE

2532
01:30:28,150 --> 01:30:29,985
LEMPLING EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

2533
01:30:29,985 --> 01:30:33,588
TO DISCOVER NEW DISCOVERIES

2534
01:30:33,588 --> 01:30:34,122
ABOUT NEURAL FUNCTION.

2535
01:30:34,122 --> 01:30:36,625
WE'RE USING THESE DISCOVERIES AS

2536
01:30:36,625 --> 01:30:38,226
A FOUNDATION FOR DEVELOPING

2537
01:30:38,226 --> 01:30:39,661
THESE NEW THERAPIES AND I'LL

2538
01:30:39,661 --> 01:30:40,795
TOUCH ON THAT IN A MOMENTMENT

2539
01:30:40,795 --> 01:30:43,031
AND VERY IMPORTANTLY, I THINK

2540
01:30:43,031 --> 01:30:44,266
THIS RESONATES WITH THE

2541
01:30:44,266 --> 01:30:45,634
DISCUSSION WE JUST HEARD IT'S

2542
01:30:45,634 --> 01:30:48,603
VERY IMPORTANT TO DISSEMINATE

2543
01:30:48,603 --> 01:30:50,739
AND DEMOCRATIZE THESE

2544
01:30:50,739 --> 01:30:51,706
TECHNOLOGIES, THESE RICHES FOR

2545
01:30:51,706 --> 01:30:55,343
THE BENEFIT OF ALL.

2546
01:30:55,343 --> 01:30:57,212
THE INITIATIVE WAS LAUNCHED IN

2547
01:30:57,212 --> 01:30:57,412
2014.

2548
01:30:57,412 --> 01:31:00,615
IT'S BEEN REMARKABLY PRODUCTIVE.

2549
01:31:00,615 --> 01:31:03,418
WE'VE NOW FUNDED OVER 1500

2550
01:31:03,418 --> 01:31:05,854
AWARDS SUPPORTING 1700PIs

2551
01:31:05,854 --> 01:31:09,991
ACROSS THE NATION.

2552
01:31:09,991 --> 01:31:13,128
THE DIVERSITY OF EXPERTISE THAT

2553
01:31:13,128 --> 01:31:13,762
WE'VE BROUGHT IN.

2554
01:31:13,762 --> 01:31:15,230
WE HAVE ACTUALLY MANAGED TO

2555
01:31:15,230 --> 01:31:17,699
BRING IN EXPERTISE OUTSIDE THE

2556
01:31:17,699 --> 01:31:19,868
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FOR

2557
01:31:19,868 --> 01:31:21,570
EXAMPLE, THE PHYSICAL,

2558
01:31:21,570 --> 01:31:23,772
ENGINEERING, SOCIAL SCIENCES,

2559
01:31:23,772 --> 01:31:24,339
DATA SCIENCE AND COMPUTER

2560
01:31:24,339 --> 01:31:25,907
SCIENCES, TO REALLY COME TO BEAR

2561
01:31:25,907 --> 01:31:27,609
ON THESE VERY COMPLEX PROBLEMS.

2562
01:31:27,609 --> 01:31:29,511
WE CAN SEE REMARKABLE INCREASE

2563
01:31:29,511 --> 01:31:31,246
IN PRODUCTIVITY ACROSS THE BOARD

2564
01:31:31,246 --> 01:31:33,515
OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS AND ALSO

2565
01:31:33,515 --> 01:31:34,783
REFLECTING IN THE TOP UPPER

2566
01:31:34,783 --> 01:31:36,284
RIGHT GRAPH THE DIVERSITY OF

2567
01:31:36,284 --> 01:31:38,553
KINDS OF TOPICS THAT WE ARE

2568
01:31:38,553 --> 01:31:41,523
COVERING.

2569
01:31:41,523 --> 01:31:43,825
NOW THE RESEARCH PORTFOLIO IS --

2570
01:31:43,825 --> 01:31:46,328
WE CAN KIND OF LAY IT OUT ACROSS

2571
01:31:46,328 --> 01:31:47,195
THESE NINE AREAS.

2572
01:31:47,195 --> 01:31:49,497
ON THE LEFT ARE THE SCIENTIFIC

2573
01:31:49,497 --> 01:31:50,999
AREAS, FIRST WOULD BE THE BRAIN

2574
01:31:50,999 --> 01:31:53,034
CELL AND CIRCUITS TECHNOLOGIES,

2575
01:31:53,034 --> 01:31:54,336
WHERE WE'RE SUPPORTING EFFORTS

2576
01:31:54,336 --> 01:31:59,241
TO DEFINE AND CATAL CATALOG, MAD

2577
01:31:59,241 --> 01:32:03,144
ACCESS THE VARIOUS CELL TYPES

2578
01:32:03,144 --> 01:32:04,679
AND CIRCUITS IN THE BRAIN.

2579
01:32:04,679 --> 01:32:10,619
SORRY, I JUST THOUGHT MY -- THE

2580
01:32:10,619 --> 01:32:16,691
SECOND WOULD BE NEURO --

2581
01:32:16,691 --> 01:32:18,260
OPTIMIZATION OF NEW TOOLS FOR

2582
01:32:18,260 --> 01:32:19,227
RECORDING AND MODULATING NEURAL

2583
01:32:19,227 --> 01:32:20,996
ACTIVITY AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL,

2584
01:32:20,996 --> 01:32:23,832
BOTH IN ANIMAL MODELS AS WELL AS

2585
01:32:23,832 --> 01:32:24,366
IN HUMAN.

2586
01:32:24,366 --> 01:32:26,301
SO THIS ALL SPANS FROM BASIC

2587
01:32:26,301 --> 01:32:28,069
RESEARCH ALL THE WAY THROUGH

2588
01:32:28,069 --> 01:32:30,972
ACTUAL CLINICAL APPLICATIONS.

2589
01:32:30,972 --> 01:32:35,477
NEUROIMAGING TECHNOLOGIES' CROSS

2590
01:32:35,477 --> 01:32:36,111
SALES.

2591
01:32:36,111 --> 01:32:38,380
AGAIN IN MANY, MANY DIFFERENT

2592
01:32:38,380 --> 01:32:39,781
MODEL SYSTEMS AS WELL AS IN

2593
01:32:39,781 --> 01:32:42,083
HUMANS, AND ALSO MOVING TO HUMAN

2594
01:32:42,083 --> 01:32:42,651
NEUROSCIENCE.

2595
01:32:42,651 --> 01:32:44,085
WE HAVE A VERY ROBUST PROGRAM

2596
01:32:44,085 --> 01:32:45,687
THAT WE REFER TO AS RESEARCH

2597
01:32:45,687 --> 01:32:46,888
OPPORTUNITIES IN HUMANS THAT IS

2598
01:32:46,888 --> 01:32:48,957
I THINK UNIQUE IN ITS BREADTH

2599
01:32:48,957 --> 01:32:51,326
AND SCOPE THAT ACTUALLY ALLOWS

2600
01:32:51,326 --> 01:32:53,061
US TO BRING THE STUDY OF NEURAL

2601
01:32:53,061 --> 01:32:54,696
CIRCUITS INTO THE HUMAN DOMAIN,

2602
01:32:54,696 --> 01:32:57,232
AND ACTUALLY GETS US SOME SMALL

2603
01:32:57,232 --> 01:33:00,368
SUCH CLOSER TO WHAT MAKES US

2604
01:33:00,368 --> 01:33:00,735
UNIQUELY HUMAN.

2605
01:33:00,735 --> 01:33:02,904
WE HAVE FOUR CROSS-CUTTING

2606
01:33:02,904 --> 01:33:03,138
THEMES.

2607
01:33:03,138 --> 01:33:04,272
YOU CAN IMAGINE NOT JUST IN

2608
01:33:04,272 --> 01:33:05,907
BRAIN BUT ACROSS THE

2609
01:33:05,907 --> 01:33:07,142
NEUROSCIENCE AS WELL AS THE

2610
01:33:07,142 --> 01:33:10,178
ENTIRE BIOMEDICAL SPECTRUM THAT

2611
01:33:10,178 --> 01:33:11,846
WOULD GENERATE DATA AT AN

2612
01:33:11,846 --> 01:33:13,148
AMAZING CLIP.

2613
01:33:13,148 --> 01:33:15,717
HERE'S A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR

2614
01:33:15,717 --> 01:33:16,918
THESE DATA TREASURE CONTROVERSY

2615
01:33:16,918 --> 01:33:18,653
AND TO FIND NEW WAYS OF

2616
01:33:18,653 --> 01:33:20,322
ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING AND

2617
01:33:20,322 --> 01:33:21,289
MAKING IT ACCESSIBLE, AND OF

2618
01:33:21,289 --> 01:33:25,794
COURSE UTING AS WE'RE NOW

2619
01:33:25,794 --> 01:33:27,395
SEEING, BIG FOCUS ON TRAINING,

2620
01:33:27,395 --> 01:33:28,396
INCLUSION AND EQUITY TO MAKE

2621
01:33:28,396 --> 01:33:34,602
SURE THAT WE ARE MINDFUL ABOUT

2622
01:33:34,602 --> 01:33:36,204
MAINTAINING A GREAT COHORT OR

2623
01:33:36,204 --> 01:33:37,038
ACTUALLY PROMOTING THE NEXT

2624
01:33:37,038 --> 01:33:38,973
COHORT OF LEADERS IN OUR FIELD.

2625
01:33:38,973 --> 01:33:40,742
NORA THINKS THIS IS VERY

2626
01:33:40,742 --> 01:33:42,510
IMPORTANT, AS BRAIN STARTS

2627
01:33:42,510 --> 01:33:43,211
TOUCHING MORE CLOSELY THE SEAT

2628
01:33:43,211 --> 01:33:45,213
OF THE HUMAN BEINGS IN THE

2629
01:33:45,213 --> 01:33:46,414
BRAIN, WE REALLY NEED TO BE

2630
01:33:46,414 --> 01:33:53,988
MINDFUL OF WHAT WE'RE D DOING TO

2631
01:33:53,988 --> 01:33:55,457
MAKE SURE WE'RE FULLY COGNIZANT

2632
01:33:55,457 --> 01:33:57,659
OF THE ETHICAL, LEGAL AND

2633
01:33:57,659 --> 01:34:01,029
SOCIETAL IMPACTS OF OUR WORK.

2634
01:34:01,029 --> 01:34:02,864
SO I WANT TO START OFF BY

2635
01:34:02,864 --> 01:34:03,665
SUMMARIZING FOR YOU SOME OF THE

2636
01:34:03,665 --> 01:34:04,699
BIG PROJECTS THAT WE'RE DOING

2637
01:34:04,699 --> 01:34:06,000
THAT ARE LAYING DOWN THE

2638
01:34:06,000 --> 01:34:07,068
FOUNDATION FOR FUTURE

2639
01:34:07,068 --> 01:34:07,736
DISCOVERIES AND CURES.

2640
01:34:07,736 --> 01:34:09,704
SO AGAIN AS YOU MENTIONED, THE

2641
01:34:09,704 --> 01:34:12,040
BRAIN IS REMARKABLY COMPLEX IN D

2642
01:34:12,040 --> 01:34:15,009
HUMAN BRAIN IS 86 TO 100 BILLION

2643
01:34:15,009 --> 01:34:15,243
NEURONS.

2644
01:34:15,243 --> 01:34:16,678
WE REALLY NEED TO GET A HANDLE

2645
01:34:16,678 --> 01:34:20,215
ON THE GROUND TRUTH OF HOW THESE

2646
01:34:20,215 --> 01:34:20,915
REMARKABLE NEURAL CIRCUITS ARE

2647
01:34:20,915 --> 01:34:21,683
PUT TOGETHER TO COMPRISE THE

2648
01:34:21,683 --> 01:34:21,883
BRAIN.

2649
01:34:21,883 --> 01:34:23,585
SO IN AGAIN 22, WE LAUNCHED

2650
01:34:23,585 --> 01:34:26,755
THREE OF WHAT WE CALL THE BRAIN

2651
01:34:26,755 --> 01:34:28,323
INITIATIVE -- BRAIN

2652
01:34:28,323 --> 01:34:28,890
2.0 TRANSFORMATIVE PROJECTS.

2653
01:34:28,890 --> 01:34:30,125
THE FIRST IS THE BRAIN

2654
01:34:30,125 --> 01:34:31,726
INITIATIVE CELL ATLAS NETWORK,

2655
01:34:31,726 --> 01:34:33,728
WHICH WILL MAP ALL OF THE BRAIN

2656
01:34:33,728 --> 01:34:35,296
CELL TYPES AND CIRCUITS ACROSS

2657
01:34:35,296 --> 01:34:36,931
MULTIPLE SPECIES BUT WITH A BIG

2658
01:34:36,931 --> 01:34:38,299
EMPHASIS ON HUMANS AS WELL AS ON

2659
01:34:38,299 --> 01:34:42,437
NON-HUMAN PRIMATES.

2660
01:34:42,437 --> 01:34:44,839
THE SECOND IS THE BRAIN

2661
01:34:44,839 --> 01:34:47,575
INITIATIVE CONNECTIVITY ACROSS

2662
01:34:47,575 --> 01:34:47,809
SCALES.

2663
01:34:47,809 --> 01:34:49,077
THE CELL ATLASSING PROJECT WILL

2664
01:34:49,077 --> 01:34:53,648
GIVE US THE PARTS LIST SO WE

2665
01:34:53,648 --> 01:34:54,449
UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY WILL TYPES

2666
01:34:54,449 --> 01:34:55,683
ARE THERE, THEIR PROPERTIES AND

2667
01:34:55,683 --> 01:34:56,284
SO FORTH.

2668
01:34:56,284 --> 01:34:57,318
THE CONNECTIVITY PROJECT WILL

2669
01:34:57,318 --> 01:34:58,486
TELL US HOW THEY'RE WIRED

2670
01:34:58,486 --> 01:35:00,221
TOGETHER AND THAT'S CRITICAL FOR

2671
01:35:00,221 --> 01:35:01,222
UNDERSTANDING HOW INFORMATION IS

2672
01:35:01,222 --> 01:35:02,724
PASSED ALONG AND RECEIVED TO

2673
01:35:02,724 --> 01:35:05,226
GIVE RISE TO SENSATION,

2674
01:35:05,226 --> 01:35:06,528
BEHAVIOR, COGNITION AND SO

2675
01:35:06,528 --> 01:35:07,061
FORTH.

2676
01:35:07,061 --> 01:35:08,530
THEN FINALLY WITH THIS GROUND

2677
01:35:08,530 --> 01:35:09,197
TRUTH INFORMATION FROM THE PARTS

2678
01:35:09,197 --> 01:35:11,599
LIST AND THE WIRING DIAGRAM, WE

2679
01:35:11,599 --> 01:35:13,401
WANT A WAY OF BEING ABLE TO

2680
01:35:13,401 --> 01:35:16,304
INTERROGATE THIS SYSTEM WITH

2681
01:35:16,304 --> 01:35:18,139
BETTER TOOLS SO THIS

2682
01:35:18,139 --> 01:35:19,941
ARMAMENTARIUM FOR BRAIN CELL

2683
01:35:19,941 --> 01:35:21,209
ACCESS WILL LEVERAGE A LOT OF

2684
01:35:21,209 --> 01:35:22,544
THESE DATA TO GET US PRECISION

2685
01:35:22,544 --> 01:35:23,778
ACCESS TO THE NEWLY DISCOVERED

2686
01:35:23,778 --> 01:35:25,680
CELL TYPES, TO THE CIRCUITS, TO

2687
01:35:25,680 --> 01:35:27,315
ASK SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ABOUT HOW

2688
01:35:27,315 --> 01:35:29,284
THEY FUNCTION IN BOTH MODELS OF

2689
01:35:29,284 --> 01:35:30,518
HEALTH AND DISEASE BUT ALSO

2690
01:35:30,518 --> 01:35:32,020
ULTIMATELY TO BE USED AS A BASIS

2691
01:35:32,020 --> 01:35:36,591
FOR FUTURE GENE THERAPIES.

2692
01:35:36,591 --> 01:35:38,092
SO LET ME JUST TOUCH ON THE

2693
01:35:38,092 --> 01:35:38,893
BRAIN CELL CENSUS PROJECT.

2694
01:35:38,893 --> 01:35:40,094
THIS WAS A PROJECT ACTUALLY

2695
01:35:40,094 --> 01:35:42,530
LAUNCHED IN 2014, IT WAS ONE OF

2696
01:35:42,530 --> 01:35:43,331
THE FIRST BRAIN INITIATIVE

2697
01:35:43,331 --> 01:35:47,735
PROJECTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE

2698
01:35:47,735 --> 01:35:48,503
INITIATIVE.

2699
01:35:48,503 --> 01:35:50,038
IT STARTED WITH A BRAIN

2700
01:35:50,038 --> 01:35:50,939
INITIATIVE CELL CENSUS

2701
01:35:50,939 --> 01:35:52,373
CONSORTIUM AND THIS RAN AS A

2702
01:35:52,373 --> 01:35:54,476
PILOT PHASE FOR THE FIRST THREE

2703
01:35:54,476 --> 01:35:55,810
YEARS AND THE IDEA WAS TO

2704
01:35:55,810 --> 01:35:57,111
IDENTIFY, DEVELOP AND VALIDATE

2705
01:35:57,111 --> 01:35:58,613
SCALABLE TECHNOLOGIES THAT COULD

2706
01:35:58,613 --> 01:35:59,981
BE USED TO GIVE US A

2707
01:35:59,981 --> 01:36:01,583
COMPREHENSIVE CELL ATLAS OF

2708
01:36:01,583 --> 01:36:02,617
MAMMALIAN BRAINS.

2709
01:36:02,617 --> 01:36:05,887
THIS WAS BACK IN 2014.

2710
01:36:05,887 --> 01:36:07,121
IT WAS QUICKLY SCALED UP INTO

2711
01:36:07,121 --> 01:36:08,756
THE BRAIN INITIATIVE CELL CENSUS

2712
01:36:08,756 --> 01:36:11,159
NETWORK WHICH RAN FROM 2017 TO

2713
01:36:11,159 --> 01:36:11,659
2022.

2714
01:36:11,659 --> 01:36:12,694
IT'S STILL KIND OF MOPPING UP

2715
01:36:12,694 --> 01:36:17,465
RIGHT NOW.

2716
01:36:17,465 --> 01:36:20,368
THE IDEA BEHIND THE BICCN WAS TO

2717
01:36:20,368 --> 01:36:21,736
TRULY REVOLUTIONIZE OUR ABILITY

2718
01:36:21,736 --> 01:36:23,605
TO CLASSIFY BRAIN TYPES BASED ON

2719
01:36:23,605 --> 01:36:27,141
AN INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF THE

2720
01:36:27,141 --> 01:36:28,843
INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF THEIR

2721
01:36:28,843 --> 01:36:30,011
MOLECULAR, ANATOMICAL OR

2722
01:36:30,011 --> 01:36:31,045
PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.

2723
01:36:31,045 --> 01:36:33,481
THIS HAS NOW GIVEN WAY TO THE

2724
01:36:33,481 --> 01:36:34,816
BRAIN INITIATIVE CELL ATLAS

2725
01:36:34,816 --> 01:36:36,117
NETWORK WHICH IS RUNNING

2726
01:36:36,117 --> 01:36:37,552
CURRENTLY FOR THE NEXT FEW YEARS

2727
01:36:37,552 --> 01:36:39,554
WHICH AGAIN HAS A BIG FOCUS ON

2728
01:36:39,554 --> 01:36:40,788
PUTTING THIS KNOWLEDGE TOWARDS

2729
01:36:40,788 --> 01:36:42,524
GIVING US A COMPREHENSIVE ATLAS

2730
01:36:42,524 --> 01:36:43,925
OF THE HUMAN BRAIN.

2731
01:36:43,925 --> 01:36:45,960
SO THE BICCN IS JUST KIND OF

2732
01:36:45,960 --> 01:36:47,028
WRAPPING UP.

2733
01:36:47,028 --> 01:36:48,663
WE'VE SEEN SOME REMARKABLE

2734
01:36:48,663 --> 01:36:49,998
PUBLICATIONS COMING OUT.

2735
01:36:49,998 --> 01:36:52,967
IN OCTOBER OF 2021, THERE WERE

2736
01:36:52,967 --> 01:36:55,069
27 PAPERS PUBLISHED IN NATURE

2737
01:36:55,069 --> 01:36:56,838
AND NATURE SISTER JOURNALS

2738
01:36:56,838 --> 01:36:58,072
FOCUSING ON THE PRIMARY MOTOR

2739
01:36:58,072 --> 01:36:58,373
CORTEX.

2740
01:36:58,373 --> 01:37:00,141
THIS WAS OUR TEST CASE IN

2741
01:37:00,141 --> 01:37:01,910
MULTIPLE MAMMALIAN SPECIES.

2742
01:37:01,910 --> 01:37:04,445
IN DECEMBER OF 2023, THE GROUP

2743
01:37:04,445 --> 01:37:06,714
PUBLISHED A SERIES OF ARTICLES,

2744
01:37:06,714 --> 01:37:07,715
10 ARTICLES, NONE OF WHICH WERE

2745
01:37:07,715 --> 01:37:10,718
SUPPORTED BY BRAIN, OF A

2746
01:37:10,718 --> 01:37:11,953
COMPREHENSIVE CELL CENSUS AND

2747
01:37:11,953 --> 01:37:13,154
ATLAS OF THE MOUSE BRAIN.

2748
01:37:13,154 --> 01:37:14,856
IT WAS TRULY A MONUMENTAL

2749
01:37:14,856 --> 01:37:15,490
ACHIEVEMENT.

2750
01:37:15,490 --> 01:37:16,624
AND THEN A BIT EARLIER LAST

2751
01:37:16,624 --> 01:37:18,393
FALL, THERE WERE 21 ARTICLES

2752
01:37:18,393 --> 01:37:20,328
PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE AND SIGH

2753
01:37:20,328 --> 01:37:21,930
EBBS SISTER JOURNALS, GIVING US

2754
01:37:21,930 --> 01:37:24,465
DRAFT HUMAN AND NON-HUMAN

2755
01:37:24,465 --> 01:37:25,533
PRIMATE CELL ATLASES OF THE

2756
01:37:25,533 --> 01:37:26,267
BRAIN.

2757
01:37:26,267 --> 01:37:27,869
SO REALLY TRULY REMARKABLE WORK.

2758
01:37:27,869 --> 01:37:29,837
LET ME JUST KIND OF GO THROUGH

2759
01:37:29,837 --> 01:37:30,505
THIS WITH YOU VERY, VERY QUICKLY

2760
01:37:30,505 --> 01:37:32,073
IN THE INTEREST OF TIME.

2761
01:37:32,073 --> 01:37:36,978
SO AGAIN, IN THIS ORIGINAL

2762
01:37:36,978 --> 01:37:37,879
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX PROJECT, WE

2763
01:37:37,879 --> 01:37:41,215
LOOKED AT -- WE PROVIDED A

2764
01:37:41,215 --> 01:37:42,650
MULTIMODAL CENSUS AND ATLAS OF

2765
01:37:42,650 --> 01:37:45,253
THE PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX IN

2766
01:37:45,253 --> 01:37:47,655
HUMANS, NON-HUMAN PRIMATES AND

2767
01:37:47,655 --> 01:37:47,855
MICE.

2768
01:37:47,855 --> 01:37:52,060
THIS WAS A TRIUMPH OF TEAM

2769
01:37:52,060 --> 01:37:52,860
SCIENCE.

2770
01:37:52,860 --> 01:37:56,164
THIS EFFORT ENCOMPASS THED THE K

2771
01:37:56,164 --> 01:37:58,600
OF OVER 250 RESEARCHERS ACROSS

2772
01:37:58,600 --> 01:38:00,368
THREE CONTINENTS, AND IT SET THE

2773
01:38:00,368 --> 01:38:02,170
STAGE FOR A LARGER AND MORE

2774
01:38:02,170 --> 01:38:03,805
COMPREHENSIVE ATLAS OF THE MOUSE

2775
01:38:03,805 --> 01:38:06,074
AS WELL AS THE DRAFT ATLAS OF

2776
01:38:06,074 --> 01:38:07,108
THE BIG BRAINS.

2777
01:38:07,108 --> 01:38:08,843
SO AS I MENTIONED IN

2778
01:38:08,843 --> 01:38:09,677
DECEMBER 2023, THE GROUP

2779
01:38:09,677 --> 01:38:10,678
PUBLISHED THE FIRST

2780
01:38:10,678 --> 01:38:16,884
COMPREHENSIVE CELL AT LAPSE OF F

2781
01:38:16,884 --> 01:38:17,318
MOUSE BRAIN.

2782
01:38:17,318 --> 01:38:20,188
THIS WORK INVOSMED OVERANALYSIS

2783
01:38:20,188 --> 01:38:24,025
OF OVER 32 MILLION CELLS WITH

2784
01:38:24,025 --> 01:38:27,562
BLEEDING -- THEY IDENTIFIED 5300

2785
01:38:27,562 --> 01:38:28,363
STATISTICALLY DISTINGUISHABLE

2786
01:38:28,363 --> 01:38:30,632
CELL TYPES BASED ON THE TRANS

2787
01:38:30,632 --> 01:38:32,133
SCRIP TOE MIBG PROFILES AND IT

2788
01:38:32,133 --> 01:38:37,438
REALLY RER IS GOING TO KEEP US

2789
01:38:37,438 --> 01:38:39,407
BUSY FOR MANY YEARS TO COME, IT

2790
01:38:39,407 --> 01:38:42,076
GIVES US A MOLECULAR HANDLE FOR

2791
01:38:42,076 --> 01:38:43,511
ASKING ACTUALLY HOW SPECIFIC

2792
01:38:43,511 --> 01:38:45,013
CELL TYPES CAN CONTRIBUTE TO

2793
01:38:45,013 --> 01:38:45,580
BEHAVIOR.

2794
01:38:45,580 --> 01:38:48,116
AND THEN WE HAD THE DRAFT CELL

2795
01:38:48,116 --> 01:38:50,685
ATLASES OF THE NON-HUMAN PRIMATE

2796
01:38:50,685 --> 01:38:53,254
AND HUMAN BRAINS, AGAIN

2797
01:38:53,254 --> 01:38:55,523
REPRESENTED AS 21 PAPERS, AND IT

2798
01:38:55,523 --> 01:38:57,525
MAPPED THESE BIG BRAINS AT

2799
01:38:57,525 --> 01:38:58,926
UNPRECEDENTED DETAIL ACROSS

2800
01:38:58,926 --> 01:39:00,028
SPACE, SPECIES AND TIME.

2801
01:39:00,028 --> 01:39:03,431
BY THIS, I MEAN THE GEOGRAPHY

2802
01:39:03,431 --> 01:39:05,400
ACROSS THE BRAIN, ACROSS

2803
01:39:05,400 --> 01:39:07,235
MULTIPLE SPECIES THAT GAVE US A

2804
01:39:07,235 --> 01:39:09,404
REALLY GOOD IDEA ABOUT THE

2805
01:39:09,404 --> 01:39:10,238
DIVERSIFICATION AND SPECIATION

2806
01:39:10,238 --> 01:39:13,675
OF THE PRIMATE LINEAGE WHICH

2807
01:39:13,675 --> 01:39:17,078
INCLUDES HUMANS AND ALSO

2808
01:39:17,078 --> 01:39:20,782
POTASSIUM OVER DEVELOPMENTAL

2809
01:39:20,782 --> 01:39:23,918
TIME AND PAVES THE WAY TO

2810
01:39:23,918 --> 01:39:25,186
UNDERSTAND DISEASE PROCESSES AT

2811
01:39:25,186 --> 01:39:27,188
THE CELLULAR LEVEL WILL BE KEY

2812
01:39:27,188 --> 01:39:28,523
TO UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS

2813
01:39:28,523 --> 01:39:31,359
THAT NEED TO BE INTERVENED IN,

2814
01:39:31,359 --> 01:39:32,894
IN ORDER TO NOT JUST TREAT

2815
01:39:32,894 --> 01:39:35,463
DISEASES WITH  BUT ACTUALLY HOPY

2816
01:39:35,463 --> 01:39:36,297
TO PREVENT AND CURE.

2817
01:39:36,297 --> 01:39:38,232
SO THIS LEADS US TO THE BRAIN

2818
01:39:38,232 --> 01:39:40,234
INITIATIVE CELL ATLAS NETWORK.

2819
01:39:40,234 --> 01:39:41,536
WHERE NOW WE ARE MOVING BEYOND

2820
01:39:41,536 --> 01:39:43,871
JUST GENERATING A LOT OF DATA TO

2821
01:39:43,871 --> 01:39:45,239
DEVELOP THESE INTO KNOWLEDGE

2822
01:39:45,239 --> 01:39:47,341
BASES THAT CAN BE USED ACTION

2823
01:39:47,341 --> 01:39:53,081
BLI FABLI FOR RESEARCHERS ACROSE

2824
01:39:53,081 --> 01:39:53,781
BOARD.

2825
01:39:53,781 --> 01:39:55,083
OF INTEREST FOR YOU HERE IS IT

2826
01:39:55,083 --> 01:39:56,851
ALREADY BEING LEVERAGED IN THE

2827
01:39:56,851 --> 01:39:58,720
SCORCH PROGRAM, AS WELL AS IN

2828
01:39:58,720 --> 01:40:00,521
THE NIDA NEXUS COLLABORATORY.

2829
01:40:00,521 --> 01:40:01,856
SO WE'RE REALLY LOOKING FORWARD

2830
01:40:01,856 --> 01:40:04,659
TO SEEING THIS KIND OF CROSS

2831
01:40:04,659 --> 01:40:05,993
FERTILIZATION BETWEEN THE TOOLS

2832
01:40:05,993 --> 01:40:07,862
AND RESOURCES THAT BRAIN HAS

2833
01:40:07,862 --> 01:40:10,465
PROVIDED AS IT ROLLS OUT INTO

2834
01:40:10,465 --> 01:40:17,305
YOUR IC, MUTUALLY REINFORCING

2835
01:40:17,305 --> 01:40:18,039
TRANSLATION OR REVERSE

2836
01:40:18,039 --> 01:40:19,741
TRANSLATION TO UNDERSTAND HOW

2837
01:40:19,741 --> 01:40:20,475
THESE NEURAL CIRCUITS ARE

2838
01:40:20,475 --> 01:40:21,642
FUNCTIONING AND HOW THEY ARE

2839
01:40:21,642 --> 01:40:22,610
CONTRIBUTING TO THESE CONDITIONS

2840
01:40:22,610 --> 01:40:24,345
AND HOW WE, THEREFORE, MIGHT

2841
01:40:24,345 --> 01:40:25,580
INTERVENE TO GIVE PEOPLE BETTER

2842
01:40:25,580 --> 01:40:28,716
LIVES.

2843
01:40:28,716 --> 01:40:29,617
IF INFORMATION HAS ALSO BEEN

2844
01:40:29,617 --> 01:40:34,188
USED TO STAND UP THE SEATTLE

2845
01:40:34,188 --> 01:40:35,790
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BIG PROJECT

2846
01:40:35,790 --> 01:40:37,492
FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE

2847
01:40:37,492 --> 01:40:39,327
ON AGING, WHERE NOW

2848
01:40:39,327 --> 01:40:40,461
INVESTIGATORS HAVE USED MANY OF

2849
01:40:40,461 --> 01:40:42,396
THE TECHNIQUES WE DEVELOPED IN

2850
01:40:42,396 --> 01:40:45,233
THE BICCN TO IDENTIFY AT A

2851
01:40:45,233 --> 01:40:47,034
CELLULAR LEVEL THE PROGRESSION

2852
01:40:47,034 --> 01:40:47,668
THROUGH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND

2853
01:40:47,668 --> 01:40:49,137
THEY'VE ACTUALLY FOUND SPECIFIC

2854
01:40:49,137 --> 01:40:51,739
CELL TYPES THAT ARE OVER AND

2855
01:40:51,739 --> 01:40:53,274
UNDERREPRESENTED AT DIFFERENT

2856
01:40:53,274 --> 01:40:54,609
STAGE OF THE DISEASE THAT GIVES

2857
01:40:54,609 --> 01:40:55,610
US ACTUAL TARGETS FOR LOOKING

2858
01:40:55,610 --> 01:40:57,311
AT, AGAIN, HOW TO PREVENT SLOW

2859
01:40:57,311 --> 01:40:59,247
OR HOPEFULLY ONE DAY CURE OF

2860
01:40:59,247 --> 01:40:59,947
THESE DISEASES.

2861
01:40:59,947 --> 01:41:00,915
SO THIS IS THE CELL ATLAS

2862
01:41:00,915 --> 01:41:01,315
PROGRAM.

2863
01:41:01,315 --> 01:41:03,050
WE'RE VERY, VERY EXCITED ABOUT

2864
01:41:03,050 --> 01:41:04,886
IT, AND IT'S RELU GOING TO GIVE

2865
01:41:04,886 --> 01:41:06,254
US THE GROUND TRUTH INFORMATION

2866
01:41:06,254 --> 01:41:07,989
WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW NEURAL

2867
01:41:07,989 --> 01:41:08,656
CIRCUITS FUNCTION.

2868
01:41:08,656 --> 01:41:10,758
BUT OF COURSE THE CONNECTIVITY

2869
01:41:10,758 --> 01:41:11,359
BETWEEN THESE CELLS IS VERY

2870
01:41:11,359 --> 01:41:11,626
IMPORTANT.

2871
01:41:11,626 --> 01:41:13,361
WE RECENTLY LAUNCHED THE

2872
01:41:13,361 --> 01:41:15,263
CONNECTS PROGRAM WITH 11 GRANTS

2873
01:41:15,263 --> 01:41:17,064
TO 40 UNIVERSITIES AND RESEARCH

2874
01:41:17,064 --> 01:41:18,232
INSTITUTIONS THAT INVOLVES

2875
01:41:18,232 --> 01:41:19,333
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS.

2876
01:41:19,333 --> 01:41:21,035
OVER THE NEXT FIVE YEARS, THE

2877
01:41:21,035 --> 01:41:23,137
RESEARCHERS WILL BE TASKED WITH

2878
01:41:23,137 --> 01:41:24,238
IDENTIFYING SCALABLE

2879
01:41:24,238 --> 01:41:25,239
TECHNOLOGIES THAT CAN BE APPLIED

2880
01:41:25,239 --> 01:41:29,377
TO DEVELOPING SYNAPSE RESOLUTION

2881
01:41:29,377 --> 01:41:31,145
MAPS IN THE MOUSE BUT ALSO

2882
01:41:31,145 --> 01:41:32,980
MICRON RESOLUTION MAPS IN BIG

2883
01:41:32,980 --> 01:41:34,315
BRAINS AS WE DID IN THE

2884
01:41:34,315 --> 01:41:36,250
BEGINNING OF THE CELL CENSUS

2885
01:41:36,250 --> 01:41:38,719
NETWORK, AND THE PROJECTS WILL

2886
01:41:38,719 --> 01:41:39,654
DEVELOP COMPLEMENTARY

2887
01:41:39,654 --> 01:41:42,757
TECHNOLOGIES ACROSS THREE CORE

2888
01:41:42,757 --> 01:41:43,291
AREAS.

2889
01:41:43,291 --> 01:41:46,661
THE WORKHORSE FOR THE HIGH

2890
01:41:46,661 --> 01:41:47,829
RESOLUTION MAPPING OF COURSE

2891
01:41:47,829 --> 01:41:49,697
WILL BE HIGH-THROUGHPUT ELECTRON

2892
01:41:49,697 --> 01:41:50,565
MICROSCOPY.

2893
01:41:50,565 --> 01:41:54,902
THIS IS A PICTURE FROM THE --

2894
01:41:54,902 --> 01:41:56,604
WE'LL BE USING VARIOUS MOLECULAR

2895
01:41:56,604 --> 01:41:57,738
SEQUENCING TOOLS TO GIVE US

2896
01:41:57,738 --> 01:41:59,740
GREATER THROUGHPUT AND ALSO

2897
01:41:59,740 --> 01:42:02,410
MOLECULAR SPECIFICITY TO THESE

2898
01:42:02,410 --> 01:42:04,111
ANALYSES, AND VERY IMPORTANTLY,

2899
01:42:04,111 --> 01:42:06,247
SOME REALLY COOL OPTICAL IMAGING

2900
01:42:06,247 --> 01:42:07,348
TECHNIQUES THAT WILL GET US

2901
01:42:07,348 --> 01:42:11,819
BETTER VIEWS, HIGH RESOLUTION

2902
01:42:11,819 --> 01:42:14,088
VIEWS OF THE -- HOPEFULLY DOWN

2903
01:42:14,088 --> 01:42:15,489
TO THE MICRON LEVEL RESOLUTION.

2904
01:42:15,489 --> 01:42:17,458
SO THIS WILL BE -- THE CONNECTS

2905
01:42:17,458 --> 01:42:17,825
PROGRAM.

2906
01:42:17,825 --> 01:42:19,861
AND FINALLY THE ARMAMENTARIUM

2907
01:42:19,861 --> 01:42:22,897
FOR PRECISION PRAIN CELL ACCESS,

2908
01:42:22,897 --> 01:42:24,432
HOW TO ACTUALLY GET IN TO TAKE

2909
01:42:24,432 --> 01:42:26,767
ACTION WITH THAT INFORMATION TO

2910
01:42:26,767 --> 01:42:28,703
CONDUCT MORE PRECISE

2911
01:42:28,703 --> 01:42:29,737
INTERROGATIONS OF NEURAL CIRCUIT

2912
01:42:29,737 --> 01:42:31,239
FUNCTION AND WE'VE KIND OF

2913
01:42:31,239 --> 01:42:33,875
DIVIDED THIS IN THREE HIGHLY

2914
01:42:33,875 --> 01:42:37,211
RELATED AREAS:  ACCESS TOOLS,

2915
01:42:37,211 --> 01:42:38,212
MOLECULAR PAY LOADS AND

2916
01:42:38,212 --> 01:42:38,546
DISSEMINATION.

2917
01:42:38,546 --> 01:42:41,215
SO WE FUNDED A SERIES OF PILOT

2918
01:42:41,215 --> 01:42:42,750
U01 GRANTS TO DEVELOP BETTER

2919
01:42:42,750 --> 01:42:45,253
DELIVERY VECTORS WITH GENE

2920
01:42:45,253 --> 01:42:47,088
REGULATORY ELEMENTS TO GIVE US

2921
01:42:47,088 --> 01:42:48,556
THIS PRECISE TARGETING OF THE

2922
01:42:48,556 --> 01:42:55,062
PAY LOALDZ LOADZ  LOADS, THESE N

2923
01:42:55,062 --> 01:42:58,332
BE OPTOGENETIC, CHEMOGENETIC,

2924
01:42:58,332 --> 01:43:00,534
ACT WAY TORES, SENSORS, THEY

2925
01:43:00,534 --> 01:43:02,370
COULD BE GENE EDITING TOOLS, YOU

2926
01:43:02,370 --> 01:43:06,140
NAME IT, AND THEN OF COURSE

2927
01:43:06,140 --> 01:43:06,841
DISSEMINATION IS IMPORTANT AS

2928
01:43:06,841 --> 01:43:09,477
WELL, WE HAVE SPHOOD UP A SERIES

2929
01:43:09,477 --> 01:43:11,245
OF U24 PROJECTS TO KIND OF GET

2930
01:43:11,245 --> 01:43:12,546
ALL THESE THINGS OUT THERE.

2931
01:43:12,546 --> 01:43:14,615
THE GROUP HAS ALREADY BEEN

2932
01:43:14,615 --> 01:43:15,449
REMARKABLY SUCCESSFUL.

2933
01:43:15,449 --> 01:43:17,385
THESE ARE JUST A SMALL SAMPLING

2934
01:43:17,385 --> 01:43:18,653
OF PAPERS THAT WERE PUBLISHED

2935
01:43:18,653 --> 01:43:20,021
OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS, AND

2936
01:43:20,021 --> 01:43:23,157
THEN WE ALSO HAVE, AGAIN, A

2937
01:43:23,157 --> 01:43:24,492
VERY -- WE'RE BUILDING A MORE

2938
01:43:24,492 --> 01:43:25,393
ROBUST WAY OF GETTING THESE

2939
01:43:25,393 --> 01:43:26,360
TOOLS OUT THERE.

2940
01:43:26,360 --> 01:43:32,500
I'LL DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE

2941
01:43:32,500 --> 01:43:34,769
ADDGENE SQUARE IN THE UPPER

2942
01:43:34,769 --> 01:43:34,969
LEFT.

2943
01:43:34,969 --> 01:43:36,370
I JUST CHECKED IT YESTERDAY,

2944
01:43:36,370 --> 01:43:41,409
THERE ARE OVER 2900 THINGS THE 

2945
01:43:41,409 --> 01:43:41,609
THERE.

2946
01:43:41,609 --> 01:43:42,610
ITEMS THERE PEOPLE CAN ACCESS

2947
01:43:42,610 --> 01:43:43,878
FOR USE FOR THEIR OWN RESEARCH.

2948
01:43:43,878 --> 01:43:44,879
SO I THINK WE'RE GETTING THERE

2949
01:43:44,879 --> 01:43:46,213
IN TERMS OF NOT JUST DEVELOPING

2950
01:43:46,213 --> 01:43:47,949
THESE TOOLS, BUT GETTING THOSE

2951
01:43:47,949 --> 01:43:49,850
TOOLS OUT FOR PEOPLE TO USE.

2952
01:43:49,850 --> 01:43:53,087
NOW OF RELEVANCE TO YOU FOLKS

2953
01:43:53,087 --> 01:43:55,256
HERE, WHAT ARE WE DOING TO HELP

2954
01:43:55,256 --> 01:43:56,757
UNDERSTAND THE CIRCUITS OF

2955
01:43:56,757 --> 01:43:58,059
REWARD AND ADDICTION.

2956
01:43:58,059 --> 01:43:59,393
THIS IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF

2957
01:43:59,393 --> 01:44:03,931
MANY, MANY EXAMPLES FROM A

2958
01:44:03,931 --> 01:44:05,266
MULTI-INVESTIGATOR AND

2959
01:44:05,266 --> 01:44:07,201
MULTI-INSTITUTION COLLABORATION

2960
01:44:07,201 --> 01:44:09,070
WHICH IS TO DEVELOP THESE NEW

2961
01:44:09,070 --> 01:44:11,472
WAVE DOPAMINE AND OTHER SENSORS

2962
01:44:11,472 --> 01:44:12,873
THAT ARE TUNED TO DIFFERENT

2963
01:44:12,873 --> 01:44:13,641
WAVELENGTHS OF LIGHT.

2964
01:44:13,641 --> 01:44:15,943
NOW WHY IS THAT SO IMPORTANT?

2965
01:44:15,943 --> 01:44:18,479
WE CAN NOW COMBINE THAT WITH

2966
01:44:18,479 --> 01:44:21,248
OTHER SENSORS, FOR EXAMPLE,

2967
01:44:21,248 --> 01:44:24,085
DOPAMINE RELEASED TOGETHER WITH

2968
01:44:24,085 --> 01:44:24,785
ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE TO GET A

2969
01:44:24,785 --> 01:44:25,853
BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF HOW

2970
01:44:25,853 --> 01:44:28,556
THESE PROCESSES WORK IN REALTIME

2971
01:44:28,556 --> 01:44:32,827
AS THESE ANIMAL MODELS

2972
01:44:32,827 --> 01:44:34,395
UNDERGO -- THIS IS JUST ONE OF

2973
01:44:34,395 --> 01:44:35,997
MANY, MANY TOOLS THAT I THINK

2974
01:44:35,997 --> 01:44:41,435
WILL BE ACCELERATING BUT ALSO IN

2975
01:44:41,435 --> 01:44:42,636
PARTICULAR FOR UNDERSTANDING

2976
01:44:42,636 --> 01:44:45,072
NEURAL CIRCUITS OF REWARD AND

2977
01:44:45,072 --> 01:44:46,173
ADDICTION.

2978
01:44:46,173 --> 01:44:47,508
SO A VERY QUICK OVERVIEW.

2979
01:44:47,508 --> 01:44:48,476
SORRY IN THE INTEREST OF TIME WE

2980
01:44:48,476 --> 01:44:49,910
HAVE TO KIND OF BLAST THROUGH

2981
01:44:49,910 --> 01:44:50,111
THIS.

2982
01:44:50,111 --> 01:44:51,946
SO TOGETHER OUR GOAL IS TO HAVE

2983
01:44:51,946 --> 01:44:53,514
THESE THREE TRANSFORM HIF

2984
01:44:53,514 --> 01:44:54,415
PROJECTS TO WORK TOGETHER TO

2985
01:44:54,415 --> 01:44:55,750
GIVE US THE GROUND TRUTH

2986
01:44:55,750 --> 01:44:57,551
INFORMATION ABOUT HOW NEWER

2987
01:44:57,551 --> 01:44:58,552
NEURAL CIRCUITS FUNCTION, TO

2988
01:44:58,552 --> 01:45:01,856
GIVE US THE TOOLS FOR

2989
01:45:01,856 --> 01:45:04,458
INTERROGATING THEM TO BETTER

2990
01:45:04,458 --> 01:45:06,994
TEST -- BOTH NORMAL BEHAVIOR BUT

2991
01:45:06,994 --> 01:45:08,796
ALSO IN MODELS OF DISEASE WITH

2992
01:45:08,796 --> 01:45:10,498
THE ULTIMATE BLUE SKY GOAL OF

2993
01:45:10,498 --> 01:45:14,635
APPLYING THIS PRECISION FOR -- I

2994
01:45:14,635 --> 01:45:16,570
THINK ONE DAY GENE THERAPIES FOR

2995
01:45:16,570 --> 01:45:17,038
CIRCUIT DISORDERS.

2996
01:45:17,038 --> 01:45:19,540
SO THESE ARE THE THREE THAT WE

2997
01:45:19,540 --> 01:45:21,809
LAUNCHED BACK IN 2022.

2998
01:45:21,809 --> 01:45:25,946
MORE RECENTLY WE LAUNCHED THE

2999
01:45:25,946 --> 01:45:28,983
BRAIN BEHAVIOR QUANTIFICATION

3000
01:45:28,983 --> 01:45:32,153
AND THE GOAL HERE IS TO DEVELOP

3001
01:45:32,153 --> 01:45:35,156
NEXT GENERATION TOOLS AND

3002
01:45:35,156 --> 01:45:36,857
ANALYTICAL APPROACHES TO MORE

3003
01:45:36,857 --> 01:45:38,259
PRECISELY QUANTIFY COMPLEX

3004
01:45:38,259 --> 01:45:39,393
BEHAVIORS AND COMBINE THEM WITH

3005
01:45:39,393 --> 01:45:40,928
THE GROWING LIST OF HIGH

3006
01:45:40,928 --> 01:45:42,229
PRECISION RECORDINGS OF BRAIN

3007
01:45:42,229 --> 01:45:42,730
ACTIVITY.

3008
01:45:42,730 --> 01:45:45,299
AND TO USE THIS TO INFORM CLOSED

3009
01:45:45,299 --> 01:45:49,270
LOOP THERAPIES DOWN THE LINE FOR

3010
01:45:49,270 --> 01:45:49,837
NEUROAND MENTAL BEHAVIORAL

3011
01:45:49,837 --> 01:45:50,371
DISORDERS.

3012
01:45:50,371 --> 01:45:52,239
FLEURN AND OUR APPROACH WILL

3013
01:45:52,239 --> 01:45:54,175
INVOLVE ANIMAL MODELS, HUMAN

3014
01:45:54,175 --> 01:45:57,044
MODELS, VERY IMPORTANTLY SENSOR

3015
01:45:57,044 --> 01:45:57,945
DEVELOPMENT, DATA COORDINATION

3016
01:45:57,945 --> 01:45:59,280
AND A VERY BIG COMPONENT OF THIS

3017
01:45:59,280 --> 01:46:01,882
WILL HAVE TO BE AN INTENTIONAL

3018
01:46:01,882 --> 01:46:04,819
FOCUS ON THEORY, COMPUTATION,

3019
01:46:04,819 --> 01:46:06,020
AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

3020
01:46:06,020 --> 01:46:07,188
SO CAN YOU IMAGINE, WE'RE GOING

3021
01:46:07,188 --> 01:46:09,523
TO BE LOOKING AT DATA FROM

3022
01:46:09,523 --> 01:46:11,192
MULTIPLE MODALITIES AND THERE'S

3023
01:46:11,192 --> 01:46:12,726
GOING TO BE A LOT OF DATA, AND

3024
01:46:12,726 --> 01:46:14,495
WE'RE GOING TO NEED TO DEVISE

3025
01:46:14,495 --> 01:46:16,097
NEW A.I. APPROACHES TO MAKE

3026
01:46:16,097 --> 01:46:17,698
SENSE OF THE DATA IN ORDER TO

3027
01:46:17,698 --> 01:46:19,166
TAKE ACTION WITH IT.

3028
01:46:19,166 --> 01:46:20,334
SO WE'VE JUST LAUNCHED THIS

3029
01:46:20,334 --> 01:46:21,035
PROGRAM.

3030
01:46:21,035 --> 01:46:24,472
WE HAD A SERIES OF -- OUR --

3031
01:46:24,472 --> 01:46:26,607
CLINICAL SIDE, DATA ARCHIVES,

3032
01:46:26,607 --> 01:46:30,244
WE'RE ABOUT TO FUND THE FIRST

3033
01:46:30,244 --> 01:46:33,180
DATA CENTERED AI COORDINATING

3034
01:46:33,180 --> 01:46:34,748
CENTER AS WELL AS UPCOMING WE

3035
01:46:34,748 --> 01:46:36,517
HOPE TO GET TO LAUNCH A PROGRAM

3036
01:46:36,517 --> 01:46:37,384
IN SENSOR DEVELOPMENT.

3037
01:46:37,384 --> 01:46:40,020
SO THIS IS KEE KIND OF WHERE WEE

3038
01:46:40,020 --> 01:46:40,454
WITH THAT.

3039
01:46:40,454 --> 01:46:41,956
I THINK THERE COULD BE A LOT OF

3040
01:46:41,956 --> 01:46:43,591
GREAT RELEVANCE FOR THE KIND OF

3041
01:46:43,591 --> 01:46:44,959
RESEARCH THAT NIDA IS INTERESTED

3042
01:46:44,959 --> 01:46:46,293
IN FUNDING.

3043
01:46:46,293 --> 01:46:50,731
SO THIS -- THESE ARE FOUR BIG

3044
01:46:50,731 --> 01:46:52,700
PROJECTS THAT WE HAVE STARTED

3045
01:46:52,700 --> 01:46:58,005
AND THAT RUNDWAY  ARE UNDERWAY E

3046
01:46:58,005 --> 01:46:59,406
BELIEVE WILL LAY THE FOUNDATION

3047
01:46:59,406 --> 01:47:01,475
FOR FUTURE CURES AND HOPEFULLY

3048
01:47:01,475 --> 01:47:02,243
ACCELERATE DEVELOPMENT BUT IN

3049
01:47:02,243 --> 01:47:03,210
THE MEANTIME, WHAT ARE WE DOING

3050
01:47:03,210 --> 01:47:03,878
FOR PEOPLE TODAY?

3051
01:47:03,878 --> 01:47:05,079
OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS,

3052
01:47:05,079 --> 01:47:08,249
WE'VE SEEN AN EXPLOSION OF NEW

3053
01:47:08,249 --> 01:47:09,416
RECORDING AND STIMULATION

3054
01:47:09,416 --> 01:47:13,320
TECHNOLOGIES IN HUMANS, SO

3055
01:47:13,320 --> 01:47:15,022
MAINLY BASED AROUND DEEP BRAIN

3056
01:47:15,022 --> 01:47:18,459
STIMULATION, THAT ARE GOING FAR

3057
01:47:18,459 --> 01:47:19,393
BEYOND THE INITIAL APPLICATION,

3058
01:47:19,393 --> 01:47:21,462
WHICH WAS STARTED ABOUT 20 YEARS

3059
01:47:21,462 --> 01:47:23,330
AGO FOR TREATING THE MOTOR

3060
01:47:23,330 --> 01:47:24,298
SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH

3061
01:47:24,298 --> 01:47:25,299
PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND NOW ARE

3062
01:47:25,299 --> 01:47:26,934
BEING APPLIED TO MORE COMPLEX

3063
01:47:26,934 --> 01:47:29,303
DISORDERS LIKE TREATMENT

3064
01:47:29,303 --> 01:47:30,604
RESISTANT DEPRESSION,

3065
01:47:30,604 --> 01:47:36,410
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER,

3066
01:47:36,410 --> 01:47:38,012
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY, RECOVERY

3067
01:47:38,012 --> 01:47:40,347
OF MOTOR FUNCTION FOLLOWING

3068
01:47:40,347 --> 01:47:42,116
STROKE, BINGE EATING DISORDER,

3069
01:47:42,116 --> 01:47:43,551
AND I KNOW THERE'S SOME REALLY

3070
01:47:43,551 --> 01:47:46,587
COOL STUFF OUT THERE, FOR

3071
01:47:46,587 --> 01:47:47,354
INDIVIDUALS LIVING WITH

3072
01:47:47,354 --> 01:47:50,024
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER.

3073
01:47:50,024 --> 01:47:51,659
SO IT WAS REALLY AN AMAZING TIME

3074
01:47:51,659 --> 01:47:52,026
HERE.

3075
01:47:52,026 --> 01:47:54,228
I THINK THESE ADVANCES HAVE BEEN

3076
01:47:54,228 --> 01:47:58,365
FUELED BY A YOU HAVE TO REALLY

3077
01:47:58,365 --> 01:48:01,135
KNOW WHERE IN THE BRAIN ARE THE

3078
01:48:01,135 --> 01:48:05,873
INDIVIDUAL THAT WILL RESPOND TO

3079
01:48:05,873 --> 01:48:07,408
NEUROMOD LAYING, WHETHER IT BE

3080
01:48:07,408 --> 01:48:11,412
INVASIVE WITH A DBS ELECTRODE OR

3081
01:48:11,412 --> 01:48:16,083
NONINVASIVE FOR EXAMPLE WITH 

3082
01:48:16,083 --> 01:48:16,550
TMS.

3083
01:48:16,550 --> 01:48:17,551
ADVANCES AND RECORDING

3084
01:48:17,551 --> 01:48:18,619
STIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, AND

3085
01:48:18,619 --> 01:48:21,322
VERY, VERY IMPORTANTLY,

3086
01:48:21,322 --> 01:48:22,990
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

3087
01:48:22,990 --> 01:48:25,025
ALGORITHMS TO BE ABLE TO DEACON

3088
01:48:25,025 --> 01:48:32,866
VDE-CONVOLVE INTO ACTUAL ACTIVIY

3089
01:48:32,866 --> 01:48:34,768
BIOMARKERS THAT CAN LITERALLY

3090
01:48:34,768 --> 01:48:36,604
TELL US IS THIS INDIVIDUAL IN A

3091
01:48:36,604 --> 01:48:40,808
BAD OR GOOD STATE, AND IF WE

3092
01:48:40,808 --> 01:48:43,310
FROM THAT STATE TO A BETTER

3093
01:48:43,310 --> 01:48:44,245
STATE ACCORDINGLY.

3094
01:48:44,245 --> 01:48:46,814
I THINK WE'RE SEEING A GREAT

3095
01:48:46,814 --> 01:48:48,616
AMOUNT OF SUCCESS BUT THEY'RE

3096
01:48:48,616 --> 01:48:50,884
REALLY POINTING THE WAY FOR A

3097
01:48:50,884 --> 01:48:52,620
REVOLUTION AND USING THIS

3098
01:48:52,620 --> 01:48:53,721
TECHNOLOGY TO ADDRESS THESE

3099
01:48:53,721 --> 01:48:59,860
VERY, VERY COMPLEX AND

3100
01:48:59,860 --> 01:49:00,327
INTRACTABLE DISORDERS.

3101
01:49:00,327 --> 01:49:01,462
NOW ANOTHER SIDE OF WHAT WE'VE

3102
01:49:01,462 --> 01:49:03,197
BEEN SUPPORTING HAS BEEN IN THE

3103
01:49:03,197 --> 01:49:04,131
AREA OF BRAIN COMPUTER

3104
01:49:04,131 --> 01:49:04,698
INTERFACE.

3105
01:49:04,698 --> 01:49:06,767
I'LL JUST GIVE YOU ONE EXAMPLE,

3106
01:49:06,767 --> 01:49:07,635
ONE OF MANY.

3107
01:49:07,635 --> 01:49:09,703
THIS IS A STUDY FROM THE BRAIN

3108
01:49:09,703 --> 01:49:10,571
GATE 2 CONSORTIUM.

3109
01:49:10,571 --> 01:49:11,939
THIS STUDY ACTUALLY JUST CAME

3110
01:49:11,939 --> 01:49:13,340
OUT THIS YEAR, JUST VERY

3111
01:49:13,340 --> 01:49:13,607
RECENTLY.

3112
01:49:13,607 --> 01:49:16,310
IT WAS FUNDED BY NISM DCD BUT

3113
01:49:16,310 --> 01:49:18,579
IT'S BASED ON A LOT OF

3114
01:49:18,579 --> 01:49:22,549
TECHNOLOGY THAT BRAIN SUPPORTED

3115
01:49:22,549 --> 01:49:23,117
IN EARLY DAYS.

3116
01:49:23,117 --> 01:49:24,752
SO HERE'S AN EXAMPLE WHERE WE

3117
01:49:24,752 --> 01:49:27,521
HAVE INDIVIDUALS, THEY CAN

3118
01:49:27,521 --> 01:49:31,158
EITHER I END STAGES OF ALS, THEY

3119
01:49:31,158 --> 01:49:32,259
MIGHT HAVE HAD A STROKE OR HAVE

3120
01:49:32,259 --> 01:49:33,727
OTHER REASONS FOR PARALYSIS AND

3121
01:49:33,727 --> 01:49:35,262
THEY'RE UNABLE TO COMMUNICATE.

3122
01:49:35,262 --> 01:49:35,929
THEY'RE LOCKED IN.

3123
01:49:35,929 --> 01:49:36,897
THEY'RE COGNITIVELY FINE BUT

3124
01:49:36,897 --> 01:49:38,399
THEY'RE LOCKED IN.

3125
01:49:38,399 --> 01:49:40,267
AND WE'VE SEEN MANY, MANY REALLY

3126
01:49:40,267 --> 01:49:43,070
COOL STUDIES RECENTLY THAT HAVE

3127
01:49:43,070 --> 01:49:44,371
DEVELOPED BRAIN-COMPUTER

3128
01:49:44,371 --> 01:49:46,073
INTERFACES WHERE ELECTRODES ARE

3129
01:49:46,073 --> 01:49:48,509
PLACED ON VARIOUS AREAS OF THE

3130
01:49:48,509 --> 01:49:49,576
BRAIN AND THE INDIVIDUAL IS

3131
01:49:49,576 --> 01:49:52,079
ASKED TO EITHER IMAGINE WRITING

3132
01:49:52,079 --> 01:49:54,114
LETTERS OR IMAGINE SAYING WORDS

3133
01:49:54,114 --> 01:49:56,550
OR SENTENCES OR ACTUALLY TRYING

3134
01:49:56,550 --> 01:49:59,119
TO ARTICULATE THE -- AS BEST I

3135
01:49:59,119 --> 01:50:00,988
CAN, AND THIS HAS LED TO SOME

3136
01:50:00,988 --> 01:50:03,324
PRETTY INTERESTING BCR,

3137
01:50:03,324 --> 01:50:05,626
BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE

3138
01:50:05,626 --> 01:50:09,463
NEUROPROS THEEPROSTHESIS THAT CE

3139
01:50:09,463 --> 01:50:10,764
THE INDIVIDUALS THE ABILITY TO

3140
01:50:10,764 --> 01:50:12,433
COMMUNICATE EITHER THROUGH TEXT

3141
01:50:12,433 --> 01:50:14,501
OR A SPEECH SYNTHESIZER.

3142
01:50:14,501 --> 01:50:18,405
BUT THE RUB IS THAT THEY REQUIRE

3143
01:50:18,405 --> 01:50:20,240
A LOT OF TRAINING AND THEY STILL

3144
01:50:20,240 --> 01:50:21,709
HAVE QUITE THE BIT OF ERROR RATE

3145
01:50:21,709 --> 01:50:25,946
AND THEY'RE A BIT SLOW.

3146
01:50:25,946 --> 01:50:30,718
SO -- TO DEVELOP A BCI

3147
01:50:30,718 --> 01:50:31,685
BRAIN-TO-SPEECH SYNTHESIZER THAT

3148
01:50:31,685 --> 01:50:33,220
REQUIRED ALMOST NO TRAINING.

3149
01:50:33,220 --> 01:50:35,422
IT WAS LITERALLY PLUG AND PLAY.

3150
01:50:35,422 --> 01:50:36,490
AND IN ORDER FOR THIS TO WORK

3151
01:50:36,490 --> 01:50:38,025
FOR PEOPLE IN A MORE GENERAL WAY

3152
01:50:38,025 --> 01:50:39,293
TO REACH MORE PEOPLE, IT REALLY

3153
01:50:39,293 --> 01:50:41,195
DOES NEED TO BE MORE PLUG AND

3154
01:50:41,195 --> 01:50:41,495
PLAY.

3155
01:50:41,495 --> 01:50:43,197
SO HERE ON THE LEFT WE JUST SHOW

3156
01:50:43,197 --> 01:50:45,165
THE ELECTRODES THEY PLACED OVER

3157
01:50:45,165 --> 01:50:47,301
VARIOUS AREAS OVER PREMOTOR,

3158
01:50:47,301 --> 01:50:48,402
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX.

3159
01:50:48,402 --> 01:50:53,507
THEY HAD THE INDIVIDUAL JUST

3160
01:50:53,507 --> 01:50:56,543
IMAGINE TRYING TO A ARTICULATE

3161
01:50:56,543 --> 01:50:58,779
WORDS, AND THEY WENT THROUGH THE

3162
01:50:58,779 --> 01:51:01,415
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK.

3163
01:51:01,415 --> 01:51:03,150
THEY WERE ABLE TO DESIGN THE

3164
01:51:03,150 --> 01:51:05,085
DECODER IN A WAY THAT REQUIRED

3165
01:51:05,085 --> 01:51:06,086
ALMOST NO TRAINING.

3166
01:51:06,086 --> 01:51:07,388
AND THEN THE REALLY COOL THING

3167
01:51:07,388 --> 01:51:09,656
HERE IS THAT WHEN THEY RAN IT

3168
01:51:09,656 --> 01:51:11,959
THROUGH A SPEECH SYNTHESIZER,

3169
01:51:11,959 --> 01:51:13,560
THEY USED RECORDINGS OF THIS

3170
01:51:13,560 --> 01:51:18,132
INDIVIDUAL PRIOR TO HIS DEED, TO

3171
01:51:18,132 --> 01:51:20,501
MAKE A SPEECH SYNTHESIZER THAT

3172
01:51:20,501 --> 01:51:22,169
ALLOWS HIM TO SPEAK IN HIS OWN

3173
01:51:22,169 --> 01:51:24,905
VOICE.

3174
01:51:24,905 --> 01:51:26,840
SO HERE ARE JUST SOME DATA.

3175
01:51:26,840 --> 01:51:28,542
WHAT'S REALLY QUITE REMARKABLE,

3176
01:51:28,542 --> 01:51:30,511
25 DAYS AFTER SURGERY, AFTER

3177
01:51:30,511 --> 01:51:32,379
JUST 30 MINUTES OF TRAINING,

3178
01:51:32,379 --> 01:51:35,649
THIS INDIVIDUAL WAS ABLE TO

3179
01:51:35,649 --> 01:51:37,718
BASICALLY READ BACK THROUGH THIS

3180
01:51:37,718 --> 01:51:41,955
BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE 50

3181
01:51:41,955 --> 01:51:43,323
WORDS WITH -- WITH VERY, VERY

3182
01:51:43,323 --> 01:51:44,558
LITTLE TRAINING.

3183
01:51:44,558 --> 01:51:46,026
ANOTHER HOUR AND A HALF OF

3184
01:51:46,026 --> 01:51:48,862
TRAINING, THEY WERE ABLE TO

3185
01:51:48,862 --> 01:51:51,832
DEVELOP A 125,000 WORD

3186
01:51:51,832 --> 01:51:56,703
VOCABULARY WITH ABOUT 90%

3187
01:51:56,703 --> 01:51:57,704
ACCURACY AND SOON THEREAFTER TO

3188
01:51:57,704 --> 01:52:00,641
GET IT DOWN TO 9  7% ACCURACY.

3189
01:52:00,641 --> 01:52:07,414
SO THIS IS TRULY REMARKABLE.

3190
01:52:07,414 --> 01:52:09,149
 -- TO MORE AND MORE PEOPLE WHO

3191
01:52:09,149 --> 01:52:09,616
NEED IT.

3192
01:52:09,616 --> 01:52:15,923
I'M GOING TO PLAY YOU SOME VID 

3193
01:52:15,923 --> 01:52:17,291
VIDEOS, THE FIRST TRY NUMBER ONE

3194
01:52:17,291 --> 01:52:17,958
AFTER ABOUT 30 MINUTES.

3195
01:52:17,958 --> 01:52:19,693
IT WAS REALLY QUITE EMOTIONAL,

3196
01:52:19,693 --> 01:52:21,228
THEY HAD TO STOP THE TRIAL

3197
01:52:21,228 --> 01:52:22,763
BECAUSE EVERYBODY INCLUDING THE

3198
01:52:22,763 --> 01:52:23,397
EXPERIMENTERS WERE CRYING.

3199
01:52:23,397 --> 01:52:26,733
IN THE NEXT VIDEO I'LL SHOW YOU,

3200
01:52:26,733 --> 01:52:27,935
YOU'VE GOT TO HANG ON TO YOUR

3201
01:52:27,935 --> 01:52:28,769
SEATS, IT GOES THROUGH THE

3202
01:52:28,769 --> 01:52:30,204
PROCESS THAT THEY WENT THROUGH,

3203
01:52:30,204 --> 01:52:31,371
AND TOWARD THE END, YOU'LL HEAR

3204
01:52:31,371 --> 01:52:32,673
WHAT SOUNDS LIKE SOMEBODY

3205
01:52:32,673 --> 01:52:35,709
NARRATING OVER IT, BUT IT'S

3206
01:52:35,709 --> 01:52:38,245
ACTUALLY THE HUMAN PARTICIPANTS'

3207
01:52:38,245 --> 01:52:39,213
SYNTHESIZED VOICE.

3208
01:52:39,213 --> 01:52:42,049
HE'S ACTUALLY TALKING TO US.

3209
01:52:42,049 --> 01:52:44,017
IF YOU HAVE A BOX OF TISSUE

3210
01:52:44,017 --> 01:52:45,519
NEARBY, YOU MIGHT WANT TO GRAB

3211
01:52:45,519 --> 01:52:46,086
IT.

3212
01:52:46,086 --> 01:52:47,087
OH, WAIT A SECOND.

3213
01:52:47,087 --> 01:52:50,123
DID I NOT ENABLE THE SOUND?

3214
01:52:50,123 --> 01:52:55,696
DO YOU HEAR THAT SOUND OR NOT?

3215
01:52:55,696 --> 01:52:56,730
>> RIGHT NOW, YES.

3216
01:52:56,730 --> 01:52:59,233
>> CO COULD YOU HEAR THE
SOUND

3217
01:52:59,233 --> 01:53:00,534
WHETHER IT STARTED?

3218
01:53:00,534 --> 01:53:02,536
YOU COULD HEAR IT?

3219
01:53:02,536 --> 01:53:03,103
OKAY.

3220
01:53:03,103 --> 01:53:04,605
SO IF NOT, JUST SOMEBODY SCREAM

3221
01:53:04,605 --> 01:53:06,740
OUT AND I'LL QUIT AND GET BACK

3222
01:53:06,740 --> 01:53:09,409
IN.

3223
01:53:09,409 --> 01:53:12,613
>> A LOT OF THE
DEMONSTRATIONS

3224
01:53:12,613 --> 01:53:14,748
OF BCI TECHNOLOGY OVER THE PAST

3225
01:53:14,748 --> 01:53:16,316
FEW DECADES TOOK WEEKS OR MONTHS

3226
01:53:16,316 --> 01:53:17,784
TO GET WORKING.

3227
01:53:17,784 --> 01:53:19,052
THE FIRST TIME HE TRIED TO USE

3228
01:53:19,052 --> 01:53:20,521
THE SYSTEM, IT JUST WORKED.

3229
01:53:20,521 --> 01:53:24,024
>> OKAY, READY?

3230
01:53:24,024 --> 01:53:25,092
THAT FIRST TIME THAT HE TRIED TO

3231
01:53:25,092 --> 01:53:26,660
SPEAK AND THAT WORD APPEARED ON

3232
01:53:26,660 --> 01:53:34,801
THE SCREEN, HE STARTED CRYING, I

3233
01:53:34,801 --> 01:53:36,336
STARTED CRYING, HIS FAMILY

3234
01:53:36,336 --> 01:53:38,539
STARTED CRYING, BASICALLY

3235
01:53:38,539 --> 01:53:41,575
EVERYONE, WE HAD TO PAUSE, WE

3236
01:53:41,575 --> 01:53:45,178
STOPPED THE REST OF THAT

3237
01:53:45,178 --> 01:53:46,179
EXPERIMENT TRIALS, COMPOSE

3238
01:53:46,179 --> 01:53:46,947
THEMSELVES, ALL RIGHT, LET'S DO

3239
01:53:46,947 --> 01:53:48,282
IT AGAIN, AND IT KEPT WORKING.

3240
01:53:48,282 --> 01:53:50,684
SO YEAH, IT WAS -- IT WAS REALLY

3241
01:53:50,684 --> 01:53:50,951
SPECIAL.

3242
01:53:50,951 --> 01:53:54,655
IT WAS A SPECIAL MOMENT.

3243
01:53:54,655 --> 01:53:56,056
>>  PEOPLE WHO DO NOT HAVE
THE

3244
01:53:56,056 --> 01:53:57,591
ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE WELL OR

3245
01:53:57,591 --> 01:53:59,793
QUICKLY ARE OFTEN ISOLATED AND

3246
01:53:59,793 --> 01:54:00,427
LONELY.

3247
01:54:00,427 --> 01:54:01,628
HAVING SOMETHING LIKE THIS WILL

3248
01:54:01,628 --> 01:54:02,596
GIVE THEM HOPE AND OPPORTUNITY

3249
01:54:02,596 --> 01:54:04,264
TO BE MORE OF THEMSELVES.

3250
01:54:04,264 --> 01:54:05,799
>> I THINK WE'RE AT A
POINT

3251
01:54:05,799 --> 01:54:07,401
WHERE IT DOES WORK WELL ENOUGH

3252
01:54:07,401 --> 01:54:09,469
THAT IT REALLY LETS THEM JUST BE

3253
01:54:09,469 --> 01:54:11,605
A PART OF SOCIETY AND TO TALK.

3254
01:54:11,605 --> 01:54:13,974
>> I AM ABLE TO STILL WORK
FULL

3255
01:54:13,974 --> 01:54:15,542
TIME FOR CLIMATE ACTION, AND I

3256
01:54:15,542 --> 01:54:18,278
AM ABLE TO DO THAT WELL AND MORE

3257
01:54:18,278 --> 01:54:19,179
EFFICIENTLY WITH THIS DEVICE.

3258
01:54:19,179 --> 01:54:21,348
>> HONESTLY, THE REASON
THIS IS

3259
01:54:21,348 --> 01:54:23,216
SO TRANSFORMATIVE IS BECAUSE IT

3260
01:54:23,216 --> 01:54:24,785
PROVIDES HOPE FOR PEOPLE LIVING

3261
01:54:24,785 --> 01:54:27,621
WITH THESE KINDS OF DISEASES,

3262
01:54:27,621 --> 01:54:29,656
THAT AS THEY FACE THEIR DISEASE,

3263
01:54:29,656 --> 01:54:32,693
THAT THEY KNOW THAT THEY WILL

3264
01:54:32,693 --> 01:54:33,860
HOPEFULLY HAVE THE ABILITY TO

3265
01:54:33,860 --> 01:54:41,668
RETAIN COMMUNICATION.

3266
01:54:41,668 --> 01:54:43,503
>> SO I THINK YOU'LL
AGREE, THIS

3267
01:54:43,503 --> 01:54:44,371
IS AMAZING.

3268
01:54:44,371 --> 01:54:45,439
THIS IS REALLY THE STUFF OF

3269
01:54:45,439 --> 01:54:46,773
SCIENCE FICTION 10 YEARS AGO,

3270
01:54:46,773 --> 01:54:47,541
AND THE PROGRESS THAT WE'RE

3271
01:54:47,541 --> 01:54:50,077
MAKING IN BOTH THE BCI SPACE AS

3272
01:54:50,077 --> 01:54:51,778
WELL AS THE DBS SPACE, I THINK

3273
01:54:51,778 --> 01:54:53,547
REALLY DOES GIVE US HOPE AND

3274
01:54:53,547 --> 01:54:54,948
OPPORTUNITY FOR FOLKS THAT ARE

3275
01:54:54,948 --> 01:54:56,450
LIVING WITH THESE DEVASTATING

3276
01:54:56,450 --> 01:54:59,720
DISORDERS.

3277
01:54:59,720 --> 01:55:06,293
SO THE FLIP SIDE OF THIS IS

3278
01:55:06,293 --> 01:55:07,394
THAT -- A VERY IMPORTANT

3279
01:55:07,394 --> 01:55:08,662
RESEARCH OPPORTUNITY IN HUMANS

3280
01:55:08,662 --> 01:55:12,165
THAT BRINGS IN HUMAN SUBJECTS

3281
01:55:12,165 --> 01:55:14,034
THAT ARE IMPLANTED FOR OTHER

3282
01:55:14,034 --> 01:55:15,135
REASONS, WHETHER THEY'RE

3283
01:55:15,135 --> 01:55:15,969
PREPARING FOR SURGERY AND USING

3284
01:55:15,969 --> 01:55:18,572
THIS AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO

3285
01:55:18,572 --> 01:55:19,873
UNDERSTAND HOW NEURAL CIRCUITS

3286
01:55:19,873 --> 01:55:21,208
FUNCTION AND FOR EXAMPLE,

3287
01:55:21,208 --> 01:55:24,244
UNDERLIE MEMORY FORMATION,

3288
01:55:24,244 --> 01:55:25,912
MEMORY RETRIEVAL, SPATIAL

3289
01:55:25,912 --> 01:55:27,114
NAVIGATION AND SO FORTH.

3290
01:55:27,114 --> 01:55:28,315
AND THIS WAS A GREAT OPPORTUNITY

3291
01:55:28,315 --> 01:55:31,018
TO WORK AS I REFER TO AWAKE

3292
01:55:31,018 --> 01:55:32,319
BEHAVING HUMANS TO REALLY GIVE

3293
01:55:32,319 --> 01:55:34,054
US GREAT INSIGHTS INTO HOW THESE

3294
01:55:34,054 --> 01:55:35,322
COMPLEX CIRCUITS UNDERLIE ALL

3295
01:55:35,322 --> 01:55:36,289
THAT MAKE US HUMAN.

3296
01:55:36,289 --> 01:55:38,125
OF COURSE THIS RAISES MANY

3297
01:55:38,125 --> 01:55:44,064
ETHICAL ISSUES AND IT GOES FAR

3298
01:55:44,064 --> 01:55:44,898
BEYOND -- WE HAVE A WORKING

3299
01:55:44,898 --> 01:55:46,266
GROUP THAT HELPS GUIDE US IN

3300
01:55:46,266 --> 01:55:46,900
THESE AREAS.

3301
01:55:46,900 --> 01:55:49,636
WE HAVE A SERIES OF GUIDING

3302
01:55:49,636 --> 01:55:51,571
PRINCIPLES THAT AGAIN GO FAR

3303
01:55:51,571 --> 01:55:53,106
BEYOND SAFETY AND GET INTO

3304
01:55:53,106 --> 01:55:55,308
ISSUES OF AGENCY, MALIGNED USE,

3305
01:55:55,308 --> 01:55:56,610
DUAL USE, PUBLIC CONCERNS AND

3306
01:55:56,610 --> 01:55:58,211
ACTUALLY BEING VERY COGNIZANT OF

3307
01:55:58,211 --> 01:56:01,181
THE REALITY THAT WE REALLY NEED

3308
01:56:01,181 --> 01:56:02,749
PUBLIC EDUCATION AND ENGAGEMENT

3309
01:56:02,749 --> 01:56:05,752
IN ORDER TO MAKETHICALLY SOUND

3310
01:56:05,752 --> 01:56:08,522
DECISIONS IN ORDER TO DEVELOP

3311
01:56:08,522 --> 01:56:10,223
THESE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE

3312
01:56:10,223 --> 01:56:11,758
BENEFIT OF ALL TO DEMOCRATIZE

3313
01:56:11,758 --> 01:56:12,259
THEM.

3314
01:56:12,259 --> 01:56:14,361
WE'VE HOSTED ALONG THE WAY

3315
01:56:14,361 --> 01:56:15,595
OCCASIONAL TOPICAL WORKSHOPS.

3316
01:56:15,595 --> 01:56:17,297
WE ACTUALLY HAVE A TEAM, ONE OF

3317
01:56:17,297 --> 01:56:19,032
OUR PROGRAM TEAMS IS ACTUALLY

3318
01:56:19,032 --> 01:56:23,804
FOCUSED ON NEUROETHICS AND WE --

3319
01:56:23,804 --> 01:56:25,005
IN THIS AREA AS WELL.

3320
01:56:25,005 --> 01:56:26,973
I JUST FINALLY WANT TO TOUCH ON,

3321
01:56:26,973 --> 01:56:28,975
AGAIN, I MENTIONED THIS BEFORE,

3322
01:56:28,975 --> 01:56:30,510
THE SUCCESS OF ALL WE DO IS

3323
01:56:30,510 --> 01:56:31,745
GOING TO BE DEPENDENT ON HAVING

3324
01:56:31,745 --> 01:56:33,513
A STRONG CREATIVE INNOVATIVE

3325
01:56:33,513 --> 01:56:36,717
WORKFORCE AND AGAIN BUILDING THE

3326
01:56:36,717 --> 01:56:37,851
NEXT GENERATION OF LEADERS WHO

3327
01:56:37,851 --> 01:56:39,086
WILL CARRY THIS ON IN THE

3328
01:56:39,086 --> 01:56:39,419
FUTURE.

3329
01:56:39,419 --> 01:56:41,421
WE'RE VERY, VERY COMMITTED TO

3330
01:56:41,421 --> 01:56:42,289
THIS.

3331
01:56:42,289 --> 01:56:43,757
ONE OF THE EXPERIMENTS THAT WE

3332
01:56:43,757 --> 01:56:47,127
INSTIGATED A FEW YEARS AGO WAS

3333
01:56:47,127 --> 01:56:50,497
THE INCLUSION OF THE PLAN FOR

3334
01:56:50,497 --> 01:56:51,698
ENHANCING DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES

3335
01:56:51,698 --> 01:56:53,834
OR PDP IN OUR APPLICATION

3336
01:56:53,834 --> 01:56:56,002
PROCESS AND HERE THIS REALLY

3337
01:56:56,002 --> 01:56:58,705
DESCRIBES THE SUMMARY OF ACTUAL

3338
01:56:58,705 --> 01:57:01,742
STRATEGIES THAT WILL BE USED TO

3339
01:57:01,742 --> 01:57:04,211
EMPLOY DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES IN

3340
01:57:04,211 --> 01:57:06,780
THE FURTHER -- OF THE -- I THINK

3341
01:57:06,780 --> 01:57:08,782
NIDA HAS ACTUALLY BEEN AT THE

3342
01:57:08,782 --> 01:57:11,585
FOREFRONT OF TAKING OFF THE PDP,

3343
01:57:11,585 --> 01:57:13,120
WE'RE VERY, VERY EXCITED THIS.

3344
01:57:13,120 --> 01:57:14,488
WE'RE JUST GETTING DATA ON HOW

3345
01:57:14,488 --> 01:57:15,756
THIS IS WORKING AND WE'LL

3346
01:57:15,756 --> 01:57:17,124
FINE-TUNE THIS AS WE GO ALONG.

3347
01:57:17,124 --> 01:57:17,457
OKAY.

3348
01:57:17,457 --> 01:57:19,493
SO JUST A VERY QUICK MENTION

3349
01:57:19,493 --> 01:57:20,293
ABOUT BUDGET.

3350
01:57:20,293 --> 01:57:22,829
I HEARD YOUR DISCUSSION ABOUT

3351
01:57:22,829 --> 01:57:23,063
BUDGET.

3352
01:57:23,063 --> 01:57:24,865
SOME OF YOU MAY HAVE HEARD ABOUT

3353
01:57:24,865 --> 01:57:26,600
BRAIN'S BUDGET WOES.

3354
01:57:26,600 --> 01:57:27,701
BRAIN IS A BIT TRICKY.

3355
01:57:27,701 --> 01:57:29,970
WE GET OUR FUNDING FROM TWO

3356
01:57:29,970 --> 01:57:30,203
SOURCES.

3357
01:57:30,203 --> 01:57:31,404
ONE IS TO THE BASE ALLOCATIONS

3358
01:57:31,404 --> 01:57:33,173
TO THE 10 PARTICIPATING ICs.

3359
01:57:33,173 --> 01:57:35,108
SO NIDA IS A PARTICIPANT IN

3360
01:57:35,108 --> 01:57:38,044
BRAIN, PART OF, OR THAT NIDA

3361
01:57:38,044 --> 01:57:44,584
BUDGET GOES TOWARDS THE BASE

3362
01:57:44,584 --> 01:57:45,185
BUDGET.

3363
01:57:45,185 --> 01:57:46,753
WE ALSO RECEIVED FUNDS FROM THE

3364
01:57:46,753 --> 01:57:48,321
21ST CENTURY CURES ACT, WHICH

3365
01:57:48,321 --> 01:57:49,589
GIVES AUTHORIZED FUNDS TO THE

3366
01:57:49,589 --> 01:57:51,391
BRAIN INITIATIVE AND A FEW OTHER

3367
01:57:51,391 --> 01:57:53,527
PROGRAMS FOR YEARS BETWEEN 2017

3368
01:57:53,527 --> 01:57:54,060
THROUGH 2026.

3369
01:57:54,060 --> 01:57:56,263
AND THESE NUMBERS FLUCTUATE UP

3370
01:57:56,263 --> 01:57:58,532
AND DOWN JUST BECAUSE OF KIND OF

3371
01:57:58,532 --> 01:58:02,936
BUDGET REALITIES.

3372
01:58:02,936 --> 01:58:04,237
SO THE FUNDING FOR BRAIN

3373
01:58:04,237 --> 01:58:05,205
HISTORICALLY HAS BEEN GREAT,

3374
01:58:05,205 --> 01:58:06,673
IT'S BEEN GOING UP VERY, VERY

3375
01:58:06,673 --> 01:58:07,974
RAPIDLY OVER TIEMENT YOU CAN SEE

3376
01:58:07,974 --> 01:58:12,145
TIME.YOU CAN SEE THE PROGRESS WE

3377
01:58:12,145 --> 01:58:12,612
MADE.

3378
01:58:12,612 --> 01:58:16,249
AND THEN THE CHALLENGE CAME

3379
01:58:16,249 --> 01:58:18,518
ABOUT WHEN THE CURES ACT

3380
01:58:18,518 --> 01:58:20,353
AUTHORIZATION BALLOONED FROM

3381
01:58:20,353 --> 01:58:22,489
$152 MILLION TO $450 MILLION, SO

3382
01:58:22,489 --> 01:58:25,959
A DECISION WAS MADE TO TRIM THE

3383
01:58:25,959 --> 01:58:28,295
BASE ALLOCATION DOWN TO

3384
01:58:28,295 --> 01:58:32,799
$230 MILLION BUT WE STILL NETTED

3385
01:58:32,799 --> 01:58:34,334
60 -- INCREASE AND WHEN WE GOT

3386
01:58:34,334 --> 01:58:36,436
INTO A BIT OF TROUBLE IS WHEN

3387
01:58:36,436 --> 01:58:37,270
THAT BASE ALLOCATION WASN'T

3388
01:58:37,270 --> 01:58:39,272
RESTORED SO THIS CURRENT FISCAL

3389
01:58:39,272 --> 01:58:43,643
YEAR FY 24, WE SUSTAIN WOULD A

3390
01:58:43,643 --> 01:58:44,211
278 MILLION OR 40% CUT THAT

3391
01:58:44,211 --> 01:58:46,146
WE'RE GOING TO BE LOOKING AT AN

3392
01:58:46,146 --> 01:58:47,314
EVEN GREATER CUT NEXT YEAR IF

3393
01:58:47,314 --> 01:58:48,448
THE BASE ISN'T RESTORED.

3394
01:58:48,448 --> 01:58:50,650
SO WE'RE DOING OUR BEST TO

3395
01:58:50,650 --> 01:58:52,953
MANAGE THIS BUDGET SCENARIO.

3396
01:58:52,953 --> 01:58:54,254
THE REALITY IS WE'RE STILL

3397
01:58:54,254 --> 01:58:56,523
FUNDING A LOT OF GREAT SCIENCE,

3398
01:58:56,523 --> 01:58:58,258
OUR PRIORITIES ARE STILL THE

3399
01:58:58,258 --> 01:58:59,993
SAME, THEY JUST BROUGHT TO

3400
01:58:59,993 --> 01:59:00,694
SHARPER FOCUS.

3401
01:59:00,694 --> 01:59:01,528
IF FOLKS NEED MORE INFORMATION

3402
01:59:01,528 --> 01:59:02,729
ABOUT THIS, WE'VE SET UP A

3403
01:59:02,729 --> 01:59:07,500
COUPLE BEIGES ON OUR WEBSITE TO

3404
01:59:07,500 --> 01:59:08,501
HELP PEOPLE NAVIGATE THROUGH IT.

3405
01:59:08,501 --> 01:59:10,036
WE'RE DOING OUR BEST TO GET THE

3406
01:59:10,036 --> 01:59:12,172
WORD OUT TA BRAIN IS REALLY

3407
01:59:12,172 --> 01:59:18,044
FUNDING IMPACTFUL SCIENCE.

3408
01:59:18,044 --> 01:59:19,379
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE BRAIN

3409
01:59:19,379 --> 01:59:20,714
INITIATIVE WE FOUND HERE.

3410
01:59:20,714 --> 01:59:24,885
IF YOU'RE INTERESTS, WE CAN

3411
01:59:24,885 --> 01:59:26,620
SUBVIBE TO TOO MANY EMAILS.

3412
01:59:26,620 --> 01:59:28,021
I KNOW I'M RUNNING A LITTLE BIT

3413
01:59:28,021 --> 01:59:29,422
LATE, I JUST WANT TO BRING YOUR

3414
01:59:29,422 --> 01:59:30,790
ATTENTION TO TWO UPCOMING

3415
01:59:30,790 --> 01:59:33,260
EVENTS.

3416
01:59:33,260 --> 01:59:34,694
AT THE MEETING IN CHICAGO COMING

3417
01:59:34,694 --> 01:59:36,429
UP IN EARLY OCTOBER, THEIR BRAIN

3418
01:59:36,429 --> 01:59:37,931
INITIATIVE ALLIANCE, ONE OF OUR

3419
01:59:37,931 --> 01:59:38,665
PARTNER UMBRELLA ORGANIZATIONS

3420
01:59:38,665 --> 01:59:41,034
IS HOSTING WHAT WE CALL THE

3421
01:59:41,034 --> 01:59:41,801
TOOLMAKERS EVENT, WHERE PEOPLE

3422
01:59:41,801 --> 01:59:44,204
COME IN AND THEY SHOW THEIR

3423
01:59:44,204 --> 01:59:44,404
WARES.

3424
01:59:44,404 --> 01:59:45,338
IT'S A REALLY GREAT TIME, YOU

3425
01:59:45,338 --> 01:59:47,073
CAN SEE THIS FROM LAST YEAR'S

3426
01:59:47,073 --> 01:59:47,440
EVENT.

3427
01:59:47,440 --> 01:59:49,643
PEOPLE COME IN TO SHOW THEIR

3428
01:59:49,643 --> 01:59:52,245
WARES, WHETHER IT'S WIDGETS OR

3429
01:59:52,245 --> 01:59:53,680
SOFTWARE OR WHAT YOU HAVE, AND

3430
01:59:53,680 --> 01:59:54,981
JUST A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR

3431
01:59:54,981 --> 01:59:56,683
PEOPLE TO FIND OUT WHAT TOOLS

3432
01:59:56,683 --> 01:59:58,285
AND RESOURCES ARE OUT THERE THAT

3433
01:59:58,285 --> 02:00:01,521
THEY CAN APPLY TO THEIR

3434
02:00:01,521 --> 02:00:03,023
RESEARCH, SO THIS IS COMING UP

3435
02:00:03,023 --> 02:00:04,925
IN OCTOBER.

3436
02:00:04,925 --> 02:00:06,760
THEN BRAIN ISLESS HOSTING THIS

3437
02:00:06,760 --> 02:00:10,997
NEURAL A.I. WORKSHOP, IT'S A

3438
02:00:10,997 --> 02:00:14,601
HYBRID WORKSHOP ON NOVEMBER 12TH

3439
02:00:14,601 --> 02:00:14,968
AND 13TH.

3440
02:00:14,968 --> 02:00:16,169
THERE'S LIMITED SEATING

3441
02:00:16,169 --> 02:00:18,672
AVAILABLE, WE'RE REALLY GOING TO

3442
02:00:18,672 --> 02:00:19,272
LOOK AT THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR

3443
02:00:19,272 --> 02:00:21,841
HOW WE CAN DRIVE BETTER AI

3444
02:00:21,841 --> 02:00:23,176
ALGORITHMS BUT ALSO IN A

3445
02:00:23,176 --> 02:00:24,678
DIFFERENT WAY HOW

3446
02:00:24,678 --> 02:00:25,779
UNDERSTANDING -- A BETTER

3447
02:00:25,779 --> 02:00:27,113
UNDERSTANDING OF NEURAL CIRCUITS

3448
02:00:27,113 --> 02:00:28,648
MIGHT ONE DAY LEAD TO BETTER

3449
02:00:28,648 --> 02:00:35,255
A.I. ALGORITHMS AND ALSO NEW AND

3450
02:00:35,255 --> 02:00:36,356
MORE COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE.

3451
02:00:36,356 --> 02:00:39,225
SO WE'RE EXCITED ABOUT THAT.

3452
02:00:39,225 --> 02:00:41,761
IF THERE'S TIME FOR QUESTIONS,

3453
02:00:41,761 --> 02:00:52,238
I'LL BE HAPPY TO TAKE THEM.

3454
02:00:58,511 --> 02:01:01,381
>> WE'RE A LITTLE OVER
TIME BUT

3455
02:01:01,381 --> 02:01:02,782
I THINK IF THERE'S A COUPLE OF

3456
02:01:02,782 --> 02:01:04,351
QUESTIONS, WE SHOULD HAVE THEM.

3457
02:01:04,351 --> 02:01:05,585
>> ASK ME ANYTHING.

3458
02:01:05,585 --> 02:01:06,753
BUT I DON'T WANT TO KEEP YOU

3459
02:01:06,753 --> 02:01:07,520
FROM YOUR BREAK EITHER.

3460
02:01:07,520 --> 02:01:09,823
>> NO, NO, NO, NO, I THINK

3461
02:01:09,823 --> 02:01:11,224
THAT -- NO, TERRIFIC

3462
02:01:11,224 --> 02:01:12,659
PRESENTATION AND IT'S JUST

3463
02:01:12,659 --> 02:01:14,627
EXTRAORDINARY AND RILEY IT'S

3464
02:01:14,627 --> 02:01:15,729
UNFORTUNATE THAT YOU'RE

3465
02:01:15,729 --> 02:01:19,265
STRUGGLING WITH THE -- SO TWO

3466
02:01:19,265 --> 02:01:21,034
QUESTIONS.

3467
02:01:21,034 --> 02:01:22,102
I APOLOGIZE FOR MY IGNORANCE BUT

3468
02:01:22,102 --> 02:01:26,072
I WAS SURPRISED THAT THEY ARE

3469
02:01:26,072 --> 02:01:28,641
BASICALLY PLACING THE ELECTRODES

3470
02:01:28,641 --> 02:01:30,744
IN THE PREMOTOR CORTEX AND NOT

3471
02:01:30,744 --> 02:01:33,246
IN THE -- AREA WHICH IS WHERE IF

3472
02:01:33,246 --> 02:01:35,181
YOU WOULD HAVE ASKED ME I WOULD

3473
02:01:35,181 --> 02:01:36,850
HAVE THOUGHT THAT'S WHERE IT

3474
02:01:36,850 --> 02:01:37,751
COMES.

3475
02:01:37,751 --> 02:01:40,020
SO HOW WAS THE DECISION MADE OF

3476
02:01:40,020 --> 02:01:40,887
WHAT WOULD BE THE AREA THAT YOU

3477
02:01:40,887 --> 02:01:41,621
NEED TO IMPLANT IT?

3478
02:01:41,621 --> 02:01:44,391
>> IN THIS PARTICULAR
CASE, AND

3479
02:01:44,391 --> 02:01:46,092
ALSO -- THERE WERE TWO SUCH

3480
02:01:46,092 --> 02:01:52,699
PAPERS PUBLISHED JUST A BIT

3481
02:01:52,699 --> 02:01:53,767
EARLIER FROM THE BRAIN GATE

3482
02:01:53,767 --> 02:01:55,435
GROUP, ALSO FROM EDDIE CHANG'S

3483
02:01:55,435 --> 02:01:55,869
GROUP.

3484
02:01:55,869 --> 02:01:57,003
SO THE DIFFERENCE HERE IS THESE

3485
02:01:57,003 --> 02:02:02,742
SUBJECTS THAT THEY ENDPAIJED IN

3486
02:02:02,742 --> 02:02:05,078
THESE PROJECTS, THEY WEREN'T

3487
02:02:05,078 --> 02:02:06,112
COMPLETELY PARALYZED.

3488
02:02:06,112 --> 02:02:07,514
HE WAS TRYING TO ARTICULATE, HE

3489
02:02:07,514 --> 02:02:08,515
WAS TRYING TO SPEAK.

3490
02:02:08,515 --> 02:02:10,316
SO WHAT THEY WERE DOING WAS THEY

3491
02:02:10,316 --> 02:02:11,251
WERE READING OUT THE SIGNALS

3492
02:02:11,251 --> 02:02:13,053
FROM THE SPEECH MOTOR CORTEX,

3493
02:02:13,053 --> 02:02:17,657
AND BEING ABLE TO DECODE THAT

3494
02:02:17,657 --> 02:02:20,126
INTO ACTUAL WORDS AND WHAT YOU

3495
02:02:20,126 --> 02:02:20,326
HAVE.

3496
02:02:20,326 --> 02:02:21,661
THERE'S BEEN OTHER WORK DONE,

3497
02:02:21,661 --> 02:02:23,329
REALLY COOL WORK, WHERE AGAIN BY

3498
02:02:23,329 --> 02:02:27,901
THE BRAIN GATE GROUP, WHERE THEY

3499
02:02:27,901 --> 02:02:32,038
DID A BRAIN TO TEXT NEURAL

3500
02:02:32,038 --> 02:02:33,506
PROSTHESIS, WHERE THEY DIDN'T

3501
02:02:33,506 --> 02:02:37,110
HAVE THE PERSON IMAGINE THE

3502
02:02:37,110 --> 02:02:38,244
LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET.

3503
02:02:38,244 --> 02:02:39,512
THEY HAD HIM IMAGINE DRAWING IT,

3504
02:02:39,512 --> 02:02:42,782
SO YOU CAN IMAGINE, THE KINETIC

3505
02:02:42,782 --> 02:02:46,186
MOVEMENT OF TRAWI DRAWING DIFFET

3506
02:02:46,186 --> 02:02:48,822
LETTER, THEY COULD ACTUALLY

3507
02:02:48,822 --> 02:02:49,756
BEAUTIFULLY PARSE THESE INTO

3508
02:02:49,756 --> 02:02:51,624
DIFFERENT DOMAIN, AND ACTUALLY

3509
02:02:51,624 --> 02:02:56,029
DEVELOP A BRAIN TO TEXT

3510
02:02:56,029 --> 02:02:56,663
PROSTHESIS THAT'S PROBABLY

3511
02:02:56,663 --> 02:02:58,665
ALMOST AS GOOD AS ME WITH MY

3512
02:02:58,665 --> 02:03:02,268
CLUMSY THUMBS ON MY IPHONE.

3513
02:03:02,268 --> 02:03:03,236
SO THERE'S DIFFERENT WAYS OF

3514
02:03:03,236 --> 02:03:04,170
GETTING THIS DONE.

3515
02:03:04,170 --> 02:03:05,772
HERE THEY ACTUALLY USED FOUR

3516
02:03:05,772 --> 02:03:07,707
ELECTRODES, BUT I THINK THERE'S

3517
02:03:07,707 --> 02:03:10,710
SOME SECRET SAUCE IN THEIR

3518
02:03:10,710 --> 02:03:12,946
DECODER THAT ALLOWS THEM TO DO

3519
02:03:12,946 --> 02:03:14,481
IT WITH ALMOST NO TRAINING, VERY

3520
02:03:14,481 --> 02:03:14,848
LITTLE.

3521
02:03:14,848 --> 02:03:18,318
SO IT STILL AN INVASIVE

3522
02:03:18,318 --> 02:03:19,052
INTERFACE, BUT THAT MEANS THAT

3523
02:03:19,052 --> 02:03:23,556
YOU DON'T HAVE TO BRING A PERSON

3524
02:03:23,556 --> 02:03:24,757
IN AND HAVE THEM SIT IN A LAB

3525
02:03:24,757 --> 02:03:26,392
FOR A MONTH TO GET THIS THING TO

3526
02:03:26,392 --> 02:03:27,093
WORK.

3527
02:03:27,093 --> 02:03:28,128
IT'S LITERALLY GETTING VERY

3528
02:03:28,128 --> 02:03:29,162
CLOSE TO PLUG AND PLAY.

3529
02:03:29,162 --> 02:03:31,331
SO THAT'S, I THINK, THE SOMEWHAT

3530
02:03:31,331 --> 02:03:32,098
LONG-WINDED SIMPLIFIED ANSWER TO

3531
02:03:32,098 --> 02:03:33,199
YOUR QUESTION.

3532
02:03:33,199 --> 02:03:35,702
>> AND THEN MY OTHER
QUESTION IS

3533
02:03:35,702 --> 02:03:37,437
ALSO SCIENTIFIC AND I APOLOGIZE

3534
02:03:37,437 --> 02:03:39,305
FOR THAT IGNORANCE.

3535
02:03:39,305 --> 02:03:40,807
IT'S PRETTY REMARKABLE AND

3536
02:03:40,807 --> 02:03:42,375
YOU'RE SEEING SOMETHING THAT IS

3537
02:03:42,375 --> 02:03:43,977
REQUIRING AN OUTPUT, BUT HOW

3538
02:03:43,977 --> 02:03:49,649
MUCH MORE COMPLEX IS TO GENERATE

3539
02:03:49,649 --> 02:03:51,417
A SIGNAL THAT IS INTERNAL,

3540
02:03:51,417 --> 02:03:53,119
WITHOUT NECESSARILY HAVING TO

3541
02:03:53,119 --> 02:03:53,953
EMERGE INTO MOVEMENT?

3542
02:03:53,953 --> 02:03:57,824
SO IF YOU'RE BLIND AND YOU WANT

3543
02:03:57,824 --> 02:04:00,560
TO SEE, HOW IS THAT PROBLEM --

3544
02:04:00,560 --> 02:04:01,528
>> GREAT QUESTION.

3545
02:04:01,528 --> 02:04:03,263
SO PART OF IT IS BEING CLEVER AS

3546
02:04:03,263 --> 02:04:06,432
MINGED TO YOU, THE BRAIN TO TEXT

3547
02:04:06,432 --> 02:04:08,968
PROSTHESIS WAS HAVING THE PERSON

3548
02:04:08,968 --> 02:04:10,703
LITERALLY IMAGINE WRITING WITH

3549
02:04:10,703 --> 02:04:12,539
HIS HAND, JUST THE PEN STROKES.

3550
02:04:12,539 --> 02:04:13,773
THAT'S GETTING CLOSER, I THINK,

3551
02:04:13,773 --> 02:04:14,908
TO WHAT YOU'RE THINKING ABOUT.

3552
02:04:14,908 --> 02:04:18,444
AND THE OTHER IS STILL SCIENCE

3553
02:04:18,444 --> 02:04:20,246
FICTION BUT SCIENCE FICTION CAN

3554
02:04:20,246 --> 02:04:21,681
BECOME A REALITY REALLY QUICKLY.

3555
02:04:21,681 --> 02:04:23,049
THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS WE'RE

3556
02:04:23,049 --> 02:04:24,250
REALLY KEEPING OUR EYES ON.

3557
02:04:24,250 --> 02:04:25,885
SO TO BE DETERMINED BUT STAY

3558
02:04:25,885 --> 02:04:26,085
TUNED.

3559
02:04:26,085 --> 02:04:31,624
>> FANTASTIC.

3560
02:04:31,624 --> 02:04:32,859
I'M VERY SELF CONSCIOUS BECAUSE

3561
02:04:32,859 --> 02:04:38,064
I HAVE SO MANY QUESTIONS.

3562
02:04:38,064 --> 02:04:39,599
YOU CAN REFUSE TO ANSWER IT,

3563
02:04:39,599 --> 02:04:41,201
JOHN, BUT MY QUESTION IS, IN

3564
02:04:41,201 --> 02:04:44,170
LOOKING AT THIS HORRIBLE BUDGET

3565
02:04:44,170 --> 02:04:46,873
LOSS THAT YOU HAVE, WHAT IS YOUR

3566
02:04:46,873 --> 02:04:51,778
SENSE OF TRYING TO ENGAGE

3567
02:04:51,778 --> 02:04:53,346
INDUSTRY TO HELP SUPPORT SOME OF

3568
02:04:53,346 --> 02:04:56,382
THESE ACTIVITIES BECAUSE THEY

3569
02:04:56,382 --> 02:05:00,653
RELY ON THEM, MANY OF THESE NEW

3570
02:05:00,653 --> 02:05:03,389
OPERATIONS, SO --

3571
02:05:03,389 --> 02:05:04,324
>> RIGHT.

3572
02:05:04,324 --> 02:05:08,861
SO LITERALLY ALL OF THE DBS

3573
02:05:08,861 --> 02:05:10,730
TRIALS THAT THEY WERE

3574
02:05:10,730 --> 02:05:12,532
SUPPORTING, THESE WERE FIRST IN

3575
02:05:12,532 --> 02:05:13,900
HUMAN EARLY STATE TRIALS, THESE

3576
02:05:13,900 --> 02:05:15,635
ARE DONE IN PARTNERSHIP WITH

3577
02:05:15,635 --> 02:05:17,270
DEVICE MANUFACTURER, WE COULDN'T

3578
02:05:17,270 --> 02:05:17,837
DO IT WITHOUT THEM.

3579
02:05:17,837 --> 02:05:19,372
THERE'S THAT.

3580
02:05:19,372 --> 02:05:23,176
BUT I DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO SHOW

3581
02:05:23,176 --> 02:05:24,277
YOU IN THE -- THIS IS A HUGE,

3582
02:05:24,277 --> 02:05:26,045
HUGE ENDEAVOR, SO WHAT I DIDN'T

3583
02:05:26,045 --> 02:05:32,752
GET INTO IS WHAT THE

3584
02:05:32,752 --> 02:05:33,620
COMPUTATIONAL DEMANDS ARE GOING

3585
02:05:33,620 --> 02:05:35,121
TO BE, WHAT THE THEORETICAL

3586
02:05:35,121 --> 02:05:36,089
DEMANDS ARE.

3587
02:05:36,089 --> 02:05:39,259
SO JEFF LICTMAN JUST PUBLISHED A

3588
02:05:39,259 --> 02:05:40,793
PAPER CHARACTERIZING ALL THE

3589
02:05:40,793 --> 02:05:41,594
CONNECTIONS IN ONE CUBIC

3590
02:05:41,594 --> 02:05:46,833
MISDEMEANOMILLIMETER OF HUMAN C.

3591
02:05:46,833 --> 02:05:48,568
THIS WAS DONE IN COLLABORATION

3592
02:05:48,568 --> 02:05:49,936
WITH GOOGLE RESEARCH, SO AGAIN A

3593
02:05:49,936 --> 02:05:51,871
GREAT EXAMPLE OF A

3594
02:05:51,871 --> 02:05:53,039
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.

3595
02:05:53,039 --> 02:05:54,040
BASICALLY GOOGLE PUT IN THEIR

3596
02:05:54,040 --> 02:05:56,709
OWN RESOURCES TO DO THIS.

3597
02:05:56,709 --> 02:05:58,878
THAT 1 CUBIC MILLIMETER OF

3598
02:05:58,878 --> 02:06:01,414
57,000 CELLS AND I CAN'T

3599
02:06:01,414 --> 02:06:02,482
REMEMBER HOW MANY SOME ODD

3600
02:06:02,482 --> 02:06:04,417
MILLION CONNECTIONS OCCUPIED ONE

3601
02:06:04,417 --> 02:06:05,885
PETABYTE OF DATA, OKAY?

3602
02:06:05,885 --> 02:06:10,023
NOW, A MOUSE BRAIN IS ROUGHLY

3603
02:06:10,023 --> 02:06:11,557
THREE -- LARGER, SO IN ORDER TO

3604
02:06:11,557 --> 02:06:13,293
DO A COMPLETE MOUSE BRAIN AT

3605
02:06:13,293 --> 02:06:14,060
SYNAPSE RESOLUTION WHICH THEY

3606
02:06:14,060 --> 02:06:16,029
HAD, AND IT NOT EVEN FULLY

3607
02:06:16,029 --> 02:06:18,765
PROOFREAD, WOULD BE AN EXOBYTE,

3608
02:06:18,765 --> 02:06:20,233
SO A THOUSAND PETABYTES, SO

3609
02:06:20,233 --> 02:06:21,834
BASICALLY A MILLION LAPTOP

3610
02:06:21,834 --> 02:06:24,203
COMPUTERS WORTH OF STORAGE, IF A

3611
02:06:24,203 --> 02:06:25,338
LAPTOP COMPUTER HAS A TERABYTE.

3612
02:06:25,338 --> 02:06:27,507
THIS IS AN ENORMOUS CHALLENGE IN

3613
02:06:27,507 --> 02:06:28,541
TERMS OF NOT JUST DATA STORAGE,

3614
02:06:28,541 --> 02:06:30,076
BUT IN TERMS OF ANALYSIS, HOW DO

3615
02:06:30,076 --> 02:06:32,478
YOU MOVE IT AROUND, HOW ARE YOU

3616
02:06:32,478 --> 02:06:33,880
GOING TO GET IT OUT IN A USABLE

3617
02:06:33,880 --> 02:06:36,149
FORM TO OTHER -- TO BROADER

3618
02:06:36,149 --> 02:06:36,449
USERS.

3619
02:06:36,449 --> 02:06:38,518
IF YOU WERE TO IMAGINE THIS

3620
02:06:38,518 --> 02:06:40,119
CRAZY IDEA OF DOING A HUMAN

3621
02:06:40,119 --> 02:06:41,087
BRAIN, THAT'S ANOTHER THOUSAND

3622
02:06:41,087 --> 02:06:41,621
TIMES.

3623
02:06:41,621 --> 02:06:46,492
THAT'S A ZETABYTE, WHICH IS A

3624
02:06:46,492 --> 02:06:47,026
THOUSAND EXOBYTES.

3625
02:06:47,026 --> 02:06:51,364
IT'S ABOUT THE WORLD'S INTERNET

3626
02:06:51,364 --> 02:06:52,899
TRAFFIC OVER A YEAR.

3627
02:06:52,899 --> 02:06:54,434
IT'S CRAZY.

3628
02:06:54,434 --> 02:06:55,535
RIGHT NOW WE DON'T HAVE THE

3629
02:06:55,535 --> 02:06:56,636
TECHNOLOGY TO DO A WHOLE MOUSE

3630
02:06:56,636 --> 02:06:57,837
BRAIN BUT WE'RE GETTING THERE.

3631
02:06:57,837 --> 02:06:59,405
FROM THE TIME WE CONCEIVED OF

3632
02:06:59,405 --> 02:07:02,542
THE PROJECT TO THE TIME WE

3633
02:07:02,542 --> 02:07:03,209
FUNDED THE FIRST ONES, THE

3634
02:07:03,209 --> 02:07:05,411
ABILITY TO SEGMENT THE CELLS AND

3635
02:07:05,411 --> 02:07:07,347
PROCESSES IN THESE IMAGES HAS

3636
02:07:07,347 --> 02:07:08,481
GONE UP TREMENDOUSLY.

3637
02:07:08,481 --> 02:07:10,383
AND I THINK WE CAN DO IT.

3638
02:07:10,383 --> 02:07:12,985
IT'S A CHALLENGE BUT I THINK --

3639
02:07:12,985 --> 02:07:14,887
LOOK, THE CHALLENGE IS WE HAVE

3640
02:07:14,887 --> 02:07:17,190
TO SCALE BY A FEW ORDERS OF

3641
02:07:17,190 --> 02:07:19,292
MAGNITUDE BUT THE GOOD NEWS IS

3642
02:07:19,292 --> 02:07:20,693
IT'S ONLY THREE HOURS OF

3643
02:07:20,693 --> 02:07:21,260
MAGNITUDE.

3644
02:07:21,260 --> 02:07:26,265
WE'VE ALREADY FA TASKED THE GROP

3645
02:07:26,265 --> 02:07:27,400
TO NOT JUST DEVELOP THE

3646
02:07:27,400 --> 02:07:28,568
TECHNOLOGIES AND HAVE THE TOOLS

3647
02:07:28,568 --> 02:07:30,303
TO SHOW FOR IT, BUT WE'VE

3648
02:07:30,303 --> 02:07:31,337
DEMANDED THAT THEY ACTUALLY

3649
02:07:31,337 --> 02:07:32,839
DEVELOP THE TOOLS ON A BIG

3650
02:07:32,839 --> 02:07:34,841
ENOUGH HUNK ON THE BRAIN THAT WE

3651
02:07:34,841 --> 02:07:36,242
CAN ACTUALLY USE THE INFORMATION

3652
02:07:36,242 --> 02:07:37,477
MOVING FORWARD.

3653
02:07:37,477 --> 02:07:39,746
SO THE CONNECT PROJECT TOGETHER

3654
02:07:39,746 --> 02:07:45,451
WITH THE BI CAM PROJECT, WE'RE

3655
02:07:45,451 --> 02:07:47,520
FOCUSED ON BASAL GANGLIA TO

3656
02:07:47,520 --> 02:07:50,757
DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE CELL

3657
02:07:50,757 --> 02:07:52,658
ATLAS, WE ALREADY HAVE THAT IN

3658
02:07:52,658 --> 02:07:56,162
THE MOUSE, BUT ALSO TO DEVELOP A

3659
02:07:56,162 --> 02:07:57,130
CONNECTIVITY MAP.

3660
02:07:57,130 --> 02:07:58,598
CAN YOU IMAGINE ALL THE

3661
02:07:58,598 --> 02:07:59,999
DIFFERENT PROCESSES BASAL

3662
02:07:59,999 --> 02:08:01,134
GANGLIA IS IMPORTANT IN,

3663
02:08:01,134 --> 02:08:03,403
ESPECIALLY IN AREAS OF MOTOR

3664
02:08:03,403 --> 02:08:04,070
FUNCTION, REWARD, ADDICTION,

3665
02:08:04,070 --> 02:08:06,038
WHAT HAVE YOU.

3666
02:08:06,038 --> 02:08:09,842
WE'RE NOT JUST GOING TO HAVE THE

3667
02:08:09,842 --> 02:08:11,978
TOOLS TO -- BUT GREAT ACTUAL

3668
02:08:11,978 --> 02:08:14,447
INFORMATION TO DO A LOT OF GREAT

3669
02:08:14,447 --> 02:08:15,448
RESEARCH, HENCEFORTH.

3670
02:08:15,448 --> 02:08:24,657
>> THANKS VERY MUCH.

3671
02:08:24,657 --> 02:08:26,259
>> ARE WE GOING TO BREAK
NOW?

3672
02:08:26,259 --> 02:08:28,227
>> WE'RE A LITTLE BIT
BEHIND.

3673
02:08:28,227 --> 02:08:28,594
IT'S 3:10 NOW.

3674
02:08:28,594 --> 02:08:36,999
WHY DON'T WE START BACK UP AT
3:25.

3675
02:08:36,999 --> 02:08:39,468
IT'S A PLEASURE FOR ME TO

3676
02:08:39,468 --> 02:08:43,572
INTRODUCE DR. VANI PARIYADATH,

3677
02:08:43,572 --> 02:08:45,274
DR. ALEXA ROMBERG, AND THE OTHER

3678
02:08:45,274 --> 02:08:48,043
FROM THE DEPUTY BRANCH CHIEF,

3679
02:08:48,043 --> 02:08:49,912
PREVENTION RESEARCH BRANCH OF

3680
02:08:49,912 --> 02:08:51,547
DESPR, AND THEY'RE GOING TO BE

3681
02:08:51,547 --> 02:08:53,549
SPEAKING ABOUT ADVANCING SOCIAL

3682
02:08:53,549 --> 02:08:55,951
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH IN THE

3683
02:08:55,951 --> 02:09:01,156
DNB AND DESPR PORTFOLIO.

3684
02:09:01,156 --> 02:09:01,457
VANI, ALEXA.

3685
02:09:01,457 --> 02:09:01,790
>> THANK YOU.

3686
02:09:01,790 --> 02:09:03,625
IT'S A PLEASURE TO BE HERE.

3687
02:09:03,625 --> 02:09:07,529
I'M ALEX IS A ROMBERG, THE P IN

3688
02:09:07,529 --> 02:09:07,763
DESPR.

3689
02:09:07,763 --> 02:09:09,832
I'M HERE WITH VANI PARIYADATH,

3690
02:09:09,832 --> 02:09:11,600
BRANCH CHIEF FOR THE BEHAVIORAL

3691
02:09:11,600 --> 02:09:12,935
AND COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

3692
02:09:12,935 --> 02:09:14,703
BRANCH IN DNB.

3693
02:09:14,703 --> 02:09:16,572
AND IN OUR LAST COUNCIL MEETING,

3694
02:09:16,572 --> 02:09:18,173
AND EVEN EARLIER TODAY IN THIS

3695
02:09:18,173 --> 02:09:20,375
COUNCIL MEETING, SOME QUESTIONS

3696
02:09:20,375 --> 02:09:21,810
ABOUT HOW NIDA IS ADDRESSING

3697
02:09:21,810 --> 02:09:22,945
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

3698
02:09:22,945 --> 02:09:27,249
CAME UP, AND THIS IS SOMETHING

3699
02:09:27,249 --> 02:09:28,617
THAT WE THINK ABOUT BASICALLY

3700
02:09:28,617 --> 02:09:31,320
ALL THE TIME AND WE ALSO

3701
02:09:31,320 --> 02:09:34,189
COLLABORATE WITH VANI AND DNB ON

3702
02:09:34,189 --> 02:09:35,791
SO WE THOUGHT THIS WOULD BE A

3703
02:09:35,791 --> 02:09:36,458
GREAT CHANCE TO TAKE A FEW

3704
02:09:36,458 --> 02:09:39,561
MINUTES TO DISCUSS FURTHER.

3705
02:09:39,561 --> 02:09:41,196
IN OUR 30 MINUTES TODAY, VANI

3706
02:09:41,196 --> 02:09:43,398
AND I WOULD LIKE TO SHARE WITH

3707
02:09:43,398 --> 02:09:46,535
YOU WAYS THAT DESPR AND DNB ARE

3708
02:09:46,535 --> 02:09:47,202
ADDRESSING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS

3709
02:09:47,202 --> 02:09:49,171
OF HEALTH IN OUR EXTRAMURAL

3710
02:09:49,171 --> 02:09:51,540
RESEARCH PORTFOLIOS.

3711
02:09:51,540 --> 02:09:52,975
WE'D ALSO LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT

3712
02:09:52,975 --> 02:09:57,012
AREAS OF SCIENTIFIC OVERLAP,

3713
02:09:57,012 --> 02:10:00,916
RELEVANT BETWEEN THE DIVISIONS

3714
02:10:00,916 --> 02:10:02,651
AND SOME OF OUR COLLABORATIONS

3715
02:10:02,651 --> 02:10:05,087
AND THEN WE'D ALSO LIKE TO LEARN

3716
02:10:05,087 --> 02:10:05,754
THROUGH DISCUSSION WITH YOU I

3717
02:10:05,754 --> 02:10:08,390
HOPE SOME NEW IDEAS TO REALLY

3718
02:10:08,390 --> 02:10:12,694
FOSTER IMPACTFUL SCIENCE ON

3719
02:10:12,694 --> 02:10:12,895
SDOH.

3720
02:10:12,895 --> 02:10:13,829
THE DIAGRAM ON THE RIGHT IS

3721
02:10:13,829 --> 02:10:16,865
PROBABLY FAMILIAR TO YOU AT THIS

3722
02:10:16,865 --> 02:10:17,065
POINT.

3723
02:10:17,065 --> 02:10:18,934
THE NIH SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF

3724
02:10:18,934 --> 02:10:21,370
HEALTH RESEARCH COORDINATING

3725
02:10:21,370 --> 02:10:23,405
COMMITTEE OFFERS THE

3726
02:10:23,405 --> 02:10:24,173
CONCEPTUALIZATION THAT SOCIAL

3727
02:10:24,173 --> 02:10:24,806
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH ARE THE

3728
02:10:24,806 --> 02:10:29,678
CONDITIONS IN WHICH PEOPLE LIVE

3729
02:10:29,678 --> 02:10:31,180
IN THE WIDER SET OF STRUCTURAL

3730
02:10:31,180 --> 02:10:32,181
FACTORS SHAPING THE CONDITIONS

3731
02:10:32,181 --> 02:10:35,017
OF DAY LEA LIFE.

3732
02:10:35,017 --> 02:10:35,784
 DAILY LIFE.

3733
02:10:35,784 --> 02:10:37,419
AS NORA REFERRED TO EARLIER,

3734
02:10:37,419 --> 02:10:40,989
NIDA, LIKE MANY PARTS OF NIH,

3735
02:10:40,989 --> 02:10:42,858
ARE REALLY INTERESTED IN THE

3736
02:10:42,858 --> 02:10:44,059
SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND

3737
02:10:44,059 --> 02:10:49,431
STRUCTURAL FACTORS AND MOVING

3738
02:10:49,431 --> 02:10:51,533
BEYOND CONE ACCEPT ACTUALIZATION

3739
02:10:51,533 --> 02:10:54,603
OF HEALTH, THAT FOREGROUND OF

3740
02:10:54,603 --> 02:10:55,270
ONLY INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

3741
02:10:55,270 --> 02:10:55,637
CHARACTERISTICS.

3742
02:10:55,637 --> 02:11:00,742
SO THE REVERY M RESEARCH FRAMEWK

3743
02:11:00,742 --> 02:11:01,743
CREATED BY THE NATIONAL

3744
02:11:01,743 --> 02:11:03,045
INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND

3745
02:11:03,045 --> 02:11:04,913
HEALTH DISPARITIES IS A USEFUL

3746
02:11:04,913 --> 02:11:07,115
TOOL FOR MAKING THIS MOVE BEYOND

3747
02:11:07,115 --> 02:11:10,719
THE INDIVIDUAL KIND MORE

3748
02:11:10,719 --> 02:11:11,386
CONCRETE.

3749
02:11:11,386 --> 02:11:12,821
THE RESEARCH FRAMEWORK REFLECTS

3750
02:11:12,821 --> 02:11:13,822
FACTORS RELEVANT TO PROMOTING

3751
02:11:13,822 --> 02:11:15,857
HEALTH OVERALL AND FOR REDUCING

3752
02:11:15,857 --> 02:11:16,291
HEALTH DISPARITIES.

3753
02:11:16,291 --> 02:11:17,492
I'M NOT GOING TO GO THROUGH THIS

3754
02:11:17,492 --> 02:11:19,795
MATRIX IN DETAIL, AS MANY OF YOU

3755
02:11:19,795 --> 02:11:21,730
ARE ALREADY LIKELY FAMILIAR WITH

3756
02:11:21,730 --> 02:11:24,633
IT, BUT THE DESPR AND DNB

3757
02:11:24,633 --> 02:11:26,668
PORTFOLIOS COVER A LOT OF THE

3758
02:11:26,668 --> 02:11:27,569
BOXES WITHIN THIS MATRIX IN

3759
02:11:27,569 --> 02:11:29,671
DIFFERENT WAYS ACROSS THE

3760
02:11:29,671 --> 02:11:34,009
VARIOUS BRANCHES AND DIVISIONS.

3761
02:11:34,009 --> 02:11:35,277
THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS WE CAN

3762
02:11:35,277 --> 02:11:37,746
THINK ABOUT HOW OUR INTERESTS

3763
02:11:37,746 --> 02:11:40,482
AND PRIORITIES WITHIN THE

3764
02:11:40,482 --> 02:11:42,451
DIFFERENT PARTS OF THIS MATRIX

3765
02:11:42,451 --> 02:11:48,156
ARE GOING TO FEED INTO OUR STUDY

3766
02:11:48,156 --> 02:11:49,925
CONCEPTUALIZATIONS AND RESEARCH

3767
02:11:49,925 --> 02:11:50,525
CONCEPTUALIZATIONS AND WHETHER

3768
02:11:50,525 --> 02:11:52,894
THAT IS EXPLICITLY OR

3769
02:11:52,894 --> 02:11:54,830
IMPLICITLY, AND WHETHER THAT IS

3770
02:11:54,830 --> 02:11:58,333
A NIDA PROGRAM STAFF WRITING A

3771
02:11:58,333 --> 02:11:59,468
NOTICE OF FUNDING OPPORTUNITY OR

3772
02:11:59,468 --> 02:12:01,003
AN INVESTIGATOR DESIGNING A NEW

3773
02:12:01,003 --> 02:12:08,210
RESEARCH STUDY.

3774
02:12:08,210 --> 02:12:09,478
SO OUR INTERESTS AND PRIORITIES

3775
02:12:09,478 --> 02:12:10,712
ARE GOING TO BE REFLECTED IN

3776
02:12:10,712 --> 02:12:13,148
WHAT WE MEASURE, THE DATA THAT

3777
02:12:13,148 --> 02:12:14,249
WE COLLECT AND THE WAY THAT WE

3778
02:12:14,249 --> 02:12:14,683
COLLECT IT.

3779
02:12:14,683 --> 02:12:16,551
IT IS ALSO GOING TO BE REFLECTED

3780
02:12:16,551 --> 02:12:19,288
IN WHAT WE DO WITH OUR ANALYSES,

3781
02:12:19,288 --> 02:12:22,557
WHAT WE FOREGROUND, VERSUS,

3782
02:12:22,557 --> 02:12:23,558
QUOTE-UNQUOTE, CONTROL FOR IN

3783
02:12:23,558 --> 02:12:24,326
OUR ANALYSES.

3784
02:12:24,326 --> 02:12:28,530
WHETHER WE TEST FOR INTERACTIONS

3785
02:12:28,530 --> 02:12:30,032
OR NON-LINEAR EFFECTS.

3786
02:12:30,032 --> 02:12:33,635
AND ALL OF THESE DECISIONS IN

3787
02:12:33,635 --> 02:12:37,706
TURN ARE GOING TO DETERMINE THE

3788
02:12:37,706 --> 02:12:38,774
TYPES OF CONCLUSIONS AND

3789
02:12:38,774 --> 02:12:39,975
SOLUTIONS THAT CAN FOLLOW FROM

3790
02:12:39,975 --> 02:12:47,516
THE RESEARCH.

3791
02:12:47,516 --> 02:12:49,651
SO IN ONE EXAMPLE OF THIS, I

3792
02:12:49,651 --> 02:12:50,852
KNOW WE ALREADY HEARD IN COUNCIL

3793
02:12:50,852 --> 02:12:53,121
MEETINGS AS WELL ABOUT HOW SDOH

3794
02:12:53,121 --> 02:12:56,224
VARIABLES ARE BEING INCORPORATED

3795
02:12:56,224 --> 02:13:01,396
INTO ABCD AND HBC STUDIES, A

3796
02:13:01,396 --> 02:13:03,065
GREAT DATA SOURCE FOR RESEARCH

3797
02:13:03,065 --> 02:13:03,432
ONGOING.

3798
02:13:03,432 --> 02:13:04,533
WE'RE NOT GOING TO REVISIT THOSE

3799
02:13:04,533 --> 02:13:06,034
STUDIES AS PART OF THIS TALK,

3800
02:13:06,034 --> 02:13:08,236
BUT THESE QUESTIONS ABOUT

3801
02:13:08,236 --> 02:13:11,006
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSES REALLY

3802
02:13:11,006 --> 02:13:13,909
CUT ACROSS RESEARCH WITHIN DNB

3803
02:13:13,909 --> 02:13:17,212
AND DESPR, AND ALL THE DIFFERENT

3804
02:13:17,212 --> 02:13:19,748
METHODOLOGIES THAT WE USE.

3805
02:13:19,748 --> 02:13:21,616
SO IN ADDITION TO THIS KIND OF

3806
02:13:21,616 --> 02:13:22,718
MEASUREMENT QUESTION AND

3807
02:13:22,718 --> 02:13:25,387
ANALYTICAL QUESTION, OUR PRAY OR

3808
02:13:25,387 --> 02:13:27,022
THE AND INTERESTS IN THIS MATRIX

3809
02:13:27,022 --> 02:13:28,457
ARE ALSO GOING TO BE REFLECTED

3810
02:13:28,457 --> 02:13:29,991
IN WHAT WE CHOOSE TO INTERVENE

3811
02:13:29,991 --> 02:13:30,158
ON.

3812
02:13:30,158 --> 02:13:32,894
SO TO MAXIMIZE IMPACT ON HEALTH,

3813
02:13:32,894 --> 02:13:34,863
WE NEED TO INTERVENE AT THESE

3814
02:13:34,863 --> 02:13:37,199
LIKE COMMUNITY AND SOCIETAL AND

3815
02:13:37,199 --> 02:13:38,967
STRUCTURAL LEVELS IN ADDITION TO

3816
02:13:38,967 --> 02:13:41,570
THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL.

3817
02:13:41,570 --> 02:13:44,005
BUT MOVING UP IN THESE LEVELS IS

3818
02:13:44,005 --> 02:13:46,408
QUITE CHALLENGING, AS WE THINK

3819
02:13:46,408 --> 02:13:48,043
ABOUT HOW TO REALLY DESIGN

3820
02:13:48,043 --> 02:13:50,145
INTERVENTIONS WHILE IMPLEMENTING

3821
02:13:50,145 --> 02:13:55,684
THEM AND TESTING THEM.

3822
02:13:55,684 --> 02:13:56,952
SO IN DESPR TO HELP US BUILD A

3823
02:13:56,952 --> 02:13:57,953
RESEARCH PORTFOLIO THAT INFORMS

3824
02:13:57,953 --> 02:14:04,359
AND TESTS INTERVENTIONS THAT CAN

3825
02:14:04,359 --> 02:14:06,428
HAVE AN IMPACT, WE'VE BEEN ADD

3826
02:14:06,428 --> 02:14:07,262
VO CAUGHTING FOR RESEARCH

3827
02:14:07,262 --> 02:14:09,765
INFORMED BY WHAT WE TERMED THE

3828
02:14:09,765 --> 02:14:10,766
SPECS PRINCIPLES, ORIGINALLY

3829
02:14:10,766 --> 02:14:11,867
KIND OF DEVELOPED AND

3830
02:14:11,867 --> 02:14:13,668
ARTICULATED BY OUR SRB BRANCH,

3831
02:14:13,668 --> 02:14:15,771
AND THESE INCLUDE

3832
02:14:15,771 --> 02:14:16,705
SUSTAINABILITY, PATIENT AND

3833
02:14:16,705 --> 02:14:20,075
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT, EQUITY,

3834
02:14:20,075 --> 02:14:21,309
CONNECTING RESEARCH TO PRACTICE,

3835
02:14:21,309 --> 02:14:23,645
AND SCALABILITY.

3836
02:14:23,645 --> 02:14:26,248
SO THESE PRINCIPLES REALLY

3837
02:14:26,248 --> 02:14:28,683
ENCOURAGE SCIENCE THAT IS FIRMLY

3838
02:14:28,683 --> 02:14:29,317
ROOTED IN THE COMMUNITIES THAT

3839
02:14:29,317 --> 02:14:33,722
ARE MEANT TO BENEFIT FROM THE

3840
02:14:33,722 --> 02:14:35,257
RESEARCH, AS WELL AS BRINGING IN

3841
02:14:35,257 --> 02:14:37,025
VOICES OF THOSE THAT WORK IN THE

3842
02:14:37,025 --> 02:14:40,796
SYSTEMS, IN THE SETTINGS, THAT

3843
02:14:40,796 --> 02:14:42,063
MAY PAY FOR THE INTERVENTIONS OR

3844
02:14:42,063 --> 02:14:44,132
IMPLEMENT THE INTERVENTIONS.

3845
02:14:44,132 --> 02:14:45,934
AND HERE I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT, AS

3846
02:14:45,934 --> 02:14:47,469
I WAS TALKING ABOUT WHAT DO WE

3847
02:14:47,469 --> 02:14:48,470
CHOOSE TO MEASURE, WHAT DO WE

3848
02:14:48,470 --> 02:14:53,275
CHOOSE TO ANALYZE, THAT WE IS

3849
02:14:53,275 --> 02:14:54,643
VERY OPEN AND WE SHOULDN'T ONLY

3850
02:14:54,643 --> 02:14:56,578
BE THOSE WITH PH.D.s WHO DO

3851
02:14:56,578 --> 02:14:57,779
RESEARCH FULL TIME FOR A LIVING,

3852
02:14:57,779 --> 02:14:59,114
MAKING THOSE DECISIONS, BUT

3853
02:14:59,114 --> 02:15:00,315
BRINGING THOSE OTHER VOICES IN

3854
02:15:00,315 --> 02:15:01,817
TO MAKE REALLY WELL INFORMED

3855
02:15:01,817 --> 02:15:07,489
DECISIONS.

3856
02:15:07,489 --> 02:15:08,690
BRINGING TOGETHER THE PARTNERS

3857
02:15:08,690 --> 02:15:10,492
NEEDED TO INTERVENE ON

3858
02:15:10,492 --> 02:15:11,827
STRUCTURAL FACTORS IS QUITE

3859
02:15:11,827 --> 02:15:12,427
DIFFICULT.

3860
02:15:12,427 --> 02:15:13,829
IT NECESSARILY INVOLVES

3861
02:15:13,829 --> 02:15:15,030
COMMUNITY PARTNER, BUT ALSO

3862
02:15:15,030 --> 02:15:15,997
PARTNERS IN GOVERNMENT AND

3863
02:15:15,997 --> 02:15:17,265
SERVICE SYSTEMS.

3864
02:15:17,265 --> 02:15:21,369
AND YOU KNOW, WE TALK A LOT

3865
02:15:21,369 --> 02:15:23,138
ABOUT, I THINK, THE DIFFICULTY

3866
02:15:23,138 --> 02:15:24,940
OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

3867
02:15:24,940 --> 02:15:27,242
WITHIN ACADEMIA, BUT IT'S NOT

3868
02:15:27,242 --> 02:15:29,845
JUST THE SCIENCE THAT'S SILOED.

3869
02:15:29,845 --> 02:15:31,646
IT'S ALSO THE FACT THAT THESE

3870
02:15:31,646 --> 02:15:34,850
SERVICE SYSTEMS ARE NOT DESIGNED

3871
02:15:34,850 --> 02:15:37,652
TO WORK WELL TOGETHER, MUCH LESS

3872
02:15:37,652 --> 02:15:38,887
TO DO RESEARCH, OR PARTICIPATE

3873
02:15:38,887 --> 02:15:43,358
IN A RESEARCH CONTEXT.

3874
02:15:43,358 --> 02:15:44,793
SO IN ADDITION, THERE CAN BE A

3875
02:15:44,793 --> 02:15:47,195
STEEP LEARNING CURVE FOR

3876
02:15:47,195 --> 02:15:49,297
INVESTIGATORS WHO WERE TRAINED

3877
02:15:49,297 --> 02:15:50,932
POTENTIALLY ON HOW TO WORK WITH

3878
02:15:50,932 --> 02:15:52,267
INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE REALLY

3879
02:15:52,267 --> 02:15:53,735
FOCUSED AT THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

3880
02:15:53,735 --> 02:15:56,905
IN MOVING UPSTREAM TO THOSE KIND

3881
02:15:56,905 --> 02:15:58,006
OF COMMUNITY OR STRUCTURAL

3882
02:15:58,006 --> 02:16:03,345
LEVELS AS WELL.

3883
02:16:03,345 --> 02:16:07,282
ONE TOOL THAT WE TURN TO IN

3884
02:16:07,282 --> 02:16:09,017
DESPR TO HELP ADDRESS THESE

3885
02:16:09,017 --> 02:16:10,919
CHALLENGES IS THE USE OF PHASED

3886
02:16:10,919 --> 02:16:11,553
MECHANISMS.

3887
02:16:11,553 --> 02:16:15,724
SO WE NOW HAVE NOFOs, KIND OF

3888
02:16:15,724 --> 02:16:17,092
STANDING NOFOs WITH LOTS OF

3889
02:16:17,092 --> 02:16:18,460
RECEIPT DATES THAT COVER BOTH

3890
02:16:18,460 --> 02:16:20,762
HEAL AND NON-HEAL RESEARCH

3891
02:16:20,762 --> 02:16:25,634
TOPICS THAT USE THE 

3892
02:16:25,634 --> 02:16:26,067
R61/R33 MECHANISM.

3893
02:16:26,067 --> 02:16:29,237
SO THE R61 PHASE IS

3894
02:16:29,237 --> 02:16:30,906
MILESTONE-DRIVEN, IS MEANT TO BE

3895
02:16:30,906 --> 02:16:32,207
EXPLORATORY, IT'S KIND OF LIKE A

3896
02:16:32,207 --> 02:16:36,244
BIG R21, AND THE CONTINUATION TO

3897
02:16:36,244 --> 02:16:38,313
THE R33 PHASE IS DEPENDENT ON

3898
02:16:38,313 --> 02:16:43,385
MEETING THOSE MILESTONES.

3899
02:16:43,385 --> 02:16:45,554
SO THE ADVANTAGE THIS AFFORDS US

3900
02:16:45,554 --> 02:16:51,593
IS THAT IT ENABLES WORK IN THE

3901
02:16:51,593 --> 02:16:53,361
R61 PHASE TO BE COMPENSATED

3902
02:16:53,361 --> 02:16:54,563
COLLABORATIVE WORK BY THE STUDY

3903
02:16:54,563 --> 02:16:59,267
TEAM TO REALLY PREPARE THE STUDY

3904
02:16:59,267 --> 02:17:01,469
FOR THE BIG PHASE, THE

3905
02:17:01,469 --> 02:17:01,836
R33 PHASE.

3906
02:17:01,836 --> 02:17:03,438
SO THE STUDY TEAM MEMBERS

3907
02:17:03,438 --> 02:17:05,240
INCLUDING THOSE COMMUNITY

3908
02:17:05,240 --> 02:17:06,608
PARTNERS OR SYSTEM-LEVEL

3909
02:17:06,608 --> 02:17:08,176
PARTNERS OR GOVERNMENT PARTNERS

3910
02:17:08,176 --> 02:17:09,744
CAN WORK ON, FOR EXAMPLE,

3911
02:17:09,744 --> 02:17:11,012
GETTING ADMINISTRATIVE LEGWORK

3912
02:17:11,012 --> 02:17:13,348
OUT OF THE WAY AND OVERCOMING A

3913
02:17:13,348 --> 02:17:15,083
LOT OF THOSE HURDLES IN PLACE

3914
02:17:15,083 --> 02:17:18,420
FOR STRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS.

3915
02:17:18,420 --> 02:17:20,488
ESTABLISHING FEASIBILITY OF THE

3916
02:17:20,488 --> 02:17:21,523
STUDY.

3917
02:17:21,523 --> 02:17:22,691
REFINING HYPOTHESES THAT ARE

3918
02:17:22,691 --> 02:17:25,827
FULLY INFORMED BY WHAT THE

3919
02:17:25,827 --> 02:17:26,861
VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES AND

3920
02:17:26,861 --> 02:17:28,063
CONSTRAINTS MAY BE ON THE

3921
02:17:28,063 --> 02:17:31,466
INTERVENTION.

3922
02:17:31,466 --> 02:17:37,839
AND THAT ALLOWS NIDA TO END THE

3923
02:17:37,839 --> 02:17:39,307
THE -- AND THE STUDY TEAM TO

3924
02:17:39,307 --> 02:17:40,275
EACH WORK OUT SOME OF THOSE

3925
02:17:40,275 --> 02:17:44,145
CHALLENGES BEFORE WE COMMIT TO A

3926
02:17:44,145 --> 02:17:47,382
FULL TRIAL IN THE R33 PHASE.

3927
02:17:47,382 --> 02:17:48,450
SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I

3928
02:17:48,450 --> 02:17:52,120
WOULD LIKE TO KIND OF TALK ABOUT

3929
02:17:52,120 --> 02:17:53,355
IN OUR DISCUSSION TIME AFTER

3930
02:17:53,355 --> 02:17:56,625
THIS IS TO HEAR IDEAS FROM YOU

3931
02:17:56,625 --> 02:17:57,392
AS COUNCIL ABOUT WAYS THAT WE

3932
02:17:57,392 --> 02:18:01,096
COULD BUILD ON THIS FOUNDATION.

3933
02:18:01,096 --> 02:18:02,130
WHETHER THERE ARE SPECIFIC WAYS

3934
02:18:02,130 --> 02:18:05,033
THAT YOUR INSTITUTIONS ARE

3935
02:18:05,033 --> 02:18:06,901
SUPPORTING YOU OR FAILING TO

3936
02:18:06,901 --> 02:18:08,169
SUPPORT YOU, TO BUILD THE KINDS

3937
02:18:08,169 --> 02:18:09,704
OF PARTNERSHIPS AND STUDY TEAMS

3938
02:18:09,704 --> 02:18:12,140
THAT ARE NEEDED FOR THESE HIGHER

3939
02:18:12,140 --> 02:18:13,775
LEVEL INTERVENTIONS, AND REALLY

3940
02:18:13,775 --> 02:18:16,244
HOW NIDA CAN LEARN FROM THOSE

3941
02:18:16,244 --> 02:18:22,751
SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES.

3942
02:18:22,751 --> 02:18:24,452
SO DESPR HAS FUNDED A LOT OF

3943
02:18:24,452 --> 02:18:25,920
PROJECTS THAT TARGET SOCIAL

3944
02:18:25,920 --> 02:18:28,323
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH THROUGH

3945
02:18:28,323 --> 02:18:33,228
BOTH TARGETED APPLICATIONS AND

3946
02:18:33,228 --> 02:18:33,795
INVESTIGATOR INITIATED

3947
02:18:33,795 --> 02:18:34,496
SUBMISSIONS.

3948
02:18:34,496 --> 02:18:37,766
SO AS AN EXAMPLE, THE BOXES ON

3949
02:18:37,766 --> 02:18:38,800
THIS SLIDE ARE SOCIAL

3950
02:18:38,800 --> 02:18:39,968
DETERMINANT OF HEALTH DOMAINS

3951
02:18:39,968 --> 02:18:43,338
THAT ARE TARGETED WITHIN THE

3952
02:18:43,338 --> 02:18:44,773
HEAL PREVENTING OUD INITIATIVE.

3953
02:18:44,773 --> 02:18:46,307
YOU CAN SEE IT'S A WIDE VARIETY

3954
02:18:46,307 --> 02:18:48,743
OF DOMAINS WITH SOME POTENTIALLY

3955
02:18:48,743 --> 02:18:50,311
MORE INDIVIDUALLY FOCUSED AND

3956
02:18:50,311 --> 02:18:51,780
SOME POTENTIALLY MORE

3957
02:18:51,780 --> 02:18:52,480
STRUCTURALLY FOCUSED.

3958
02:18:52,480 --> 02:18:53,648
LOOKING AT THIS LIST IT'S CLEAR

3959
02:18:53,648 --> 02:18:55,016
THE INTERVENTIONS IN THESE AREAS

3960
02:18:55,016 --> 02:18:58,787
ARE GOING TO IMPACT A LOT MORE

3961
02:18:58,787 --> 02:19:01,189
THAN JUST SUBSTANCE USE OR OUD.

3962
02:19:01,189 --> 02:19:02,691
RATHER, WE'D EXPECT

3963
02:19:02,691 --> 02:19:03,925
INTERVENTIONS IN THESE DOMAINS

3964
02:19:03,925 --> 02:19:06,061
TO IMPACT MANY AREAS OF MENTAL,

3965
02:19:06,061 --> 02:19:09,864
BEHAVIORAL, PHYSICAL HEALTH ANDD

3966
02:19:09,864 --> 02:19:10,432
WELL-BEING.

3967
02:19:10,432 --> 02:19:11,599
SO THIS BRINGS ME TO ANOTHER

3968
02:19:11,599 --> 02:19:12,801
AREA WHERE WE WOULD REALLY LIKE

3969
02:19:12,801 --> 02:19:15,704
YOUR FEEDBACK.

3970
02:19:15,704 --> 02:19:17,505
WE THINK ABOUT THE POTENTIAL

3971
02:19:17,505 --> 02:19:18,940
GENERALITY OF EFFECTS OF

3972
02:19:18,940 --> 02:19:19,808
INTERVENTIONS ON SOCIAL

3973
02:19:19,808 --> 02:19:22,644
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, ARE

3974
02:19:22,644 --> 02:19:26,081
THERE SPECIFIC DOMAINS THAT YOU

3975
02:19:26,081 --> 02:19:28,817
AS COUNCIL THINK THAT WE SHOULD

3976
02:19:28,817 --> 02:19:30,251
ESPECIALLY PRIORITIZE OR FOCUS

3977
02:19:30,251 --> 02:19:30,652
ON?

3978
02:19:30,652 --> 02:19:31,519
ARE THERE AREAS THAT YOU THINK

3979
02:19:31,519 --> 02:19:33,755
THAT NIDA COULD MAKE THE LARGEST

3980
02:19:33,755 --> 02:19:40,028
ILIMPACT.

3981
02:19:40,028 --> 02:19:42,397
I WANTED TO END MY SESSION BY

3982
02:19:42,397 --> 02:19:46,267
GIVE YOU GO AN UPDATE ON THE

3983
02:19:46,267 --> 02:19:48,036
NIDA RACIAL EQUITY

3984
02:19:48,036 --> 02:19:48,570
COLLABORATIVE.

3985
02:19:48,570 --> 02:19:51,306
THIS IS FUNDED THROUGH NOFOs

3986
02:19:51,306 --> 02:19:52,173
THAT WERE RELEASED ABOUT TWO

3987
02:19:52,173 --> 02:19:52,607
YEARS AGO.

3988
02:19:52,607 --> 02:19:55,376
THIS COLLABORATIVE IS A REAL

3989
02:19:55,376 --> 02:19:57,579
COLLABORATION BETWEEN DESPR AND

3990
02:19:57,579 --> 02:19:58,313
DNB.

3991
02:19:58,313 --> 02:20:01,082
THE SCIENCE SPANS FROM BASIC TO

3992
02:20:01,082 --> 02:20:01,449
APPLIED.

3993
02:20:01,449 --> 02:20:03,051
AND IT'S REALLY THAT DIVERSITY

3994
02:20:03,051 --> 02:20:06,154
OF PERSPECTIVES, AND SCIENTIFIC

3995
02:20:06,154 --> 02:20:07,989
METHODS, THAT MAKES THIS

3996
02:20:07,989 --> 02:20:09,924
COLLABORATIVE SO EXCITING.

3997
02:20:09,924 --> 02:20:13,228
THERE ARE NOW 19 RESEARCH

3998
02:20:13,228 --> 02:20:14,529
PROJECTS THAT ARE FUNDED THROUGH

3999
02:20:14,529 --> 02:20:16,564
THE COLLABORATIVE, AS WELL AS

4000
02:20:16,564 --> 02:20:18,566
THE COORDINATING CENTER, AND THE

4001
02:20:18,566 --> 02:20:19,901
COORDINATING CENTER IS REALLY

4002
02:20:19,901 --> 02:20:22,003
FOCUSED ON PROVIDING SUPPORT FOR

4003
02:20:22,003 --> 02:20:23,605
PROJECTS IN THE AREAS OF

4004
02:20:23,605 --> 02:20:24,873
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT OF WORKING

4005
02:20:24,873 --> 02:20:26,808
EFFECTIVELY WITH THEIR COMMUNITY

4006
02:20:26,808 --> 02:20:30,178
PARTNERS, AND DISSEMINATING TO

4007
02:20:30,178 --> 02:20:32,046
LAY AND ACADEMIC CHANNELS AS

4008
02:20:32,046 --> 02:20:32,847
WELL.

4009
02:20:32,847 --> 02:20:35,083
SO BECAUSE THIS COLLABORATIVE IS

4010
02:20:35,083 --> 02:20:37,752
REALLY FOCUSED ON RACIAL EQUITY

4011
02:20:37,752 --> 02:20:38,720
AND REDUCING HEALTH DISPARITIES

4012
02:20:38,720 --> 02:20:40,688
RELATED TO SUBSTANCE USE FOR

4013
02:20:40,688 --> 02:20:43,124
RACIAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIZED

4014
02:20:43,124 --> 02:20:44,425
POPULATIONS, IT WON'T COME AS A

4015
02:20:44,425 --> 02:20:46,294
SURPRISE TO YOU THAT A LOT OF

4016
02:20:46,294 --> 02:20:48,263
THE PROJECTS INTERSECT WITH

4017
02:20:48,263 --> 02:20:49,798
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH.

4018
02:20:49,798 --> 02:20:53,301
I'VE GOT A FEW OF THEM UP THERE.

4019
02:20:53,301 --> 02:20:54,469
INCLUDING THINGS LIKE

4020
02:20:54,469 --> 02:20:56,838
TRADITIONAL CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT

4021
02:20:56,838 --> 02:20:59,507
FOR NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITIES,

4022
02:20:59,507 --> 02:21:00,575
NEIGHBORHOOD LEVEL STRUCTURAL

4023
02:21:00,575 --> 02:21:02,277
RACISM, EMERGENCY MEDICAL

4024
02:21:02,277 --> 02:21:03,912
SERVICES, AND TREATMENT SYSTEMS

4025
02:21:03,912 --> 02:21:04,712
FOR OUD.

4026
02:21:04,712 --> 02:21:06,147
SO THE QR CODE IN THE TOP RIGHT

4027
02:21:06,147 --> 02:21:07,549
OF THE SLIDE WILL TAKE YOU TO

4028
02:21:07,549 --> 02:21:09,484
THE COORDINATING CENTER WEBSITE

4029
02:21:09,484 --> 02:21:10,785
WHERE CAN YOU GET A LOT MORE

4030
02:21:10,785 --> 02:21:12,353
INFORMATION ABOUT THE

4031
02:21:12,353 --> 02:21:13,555
COLLABORATIVE.

4032
02:21:13,555 --> 02:21:14,455
THE ONE ON THE BOTTOM RIGHT OF

4033
02:21:14,455 --> 02:21:15,824
THE SCREEN IS GOING TO TAKE YOU

4034
02:21:15,824 --> 02:21:17,792
TO THE LIST OF FUNDING

4035
02:21:17,792 --> 02:21:18,126
OPPORTUNITIES.

4036
02:21:18,126 --> 02:21:20,929
WE'VE GOT ONE MORE ROUND OF DUE

4037
02:21:20,929 --> 02:21:23,131
DATES AVAILABLE FOR THIS

4038
02:21:23,131 --> 02:21:24,465
COLLABORATIVE BEFORE THOSE

4039
02:21:24,465 --> 02:21:26,968
RFAs CLOSE IN NOVEMBER.

4040
02:21:26,968 --> 02:21:29,170
SO I'D LIKE TO HAND IT OVER TO

4041
02:21:29,170 --> 02:21:33,341
VANI TO TELL YOU MORE ABOUT DNB.

4042
02:21:33,341 --> 02:21:33,975
>> THANKS, ALEX IS A.

4043
02:21:33,975 --> 02:21:39,247
SO I'M A.I'M GOING TO SWITCH TOK

4044
02:21:39,247 --> 02:21:42,217
ABOUT DNB'S PORTFOLIO IN THIS

4045
02:21:42,217 --> 02:21:42,784
SPACE.

4046
02:21:42,784 --> 02:21:44,385
IT'S GOING TO FEEL LIKE A

4047
02:21:44,385 --> 02:21:45,520
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT PRESENTATION.

4048
02:21:45,520 --> 02:21:48,590
THAT'S BECAUSE FOR US, WE'RE AT

4049
02:21:48,590 --> 02:21:49,858
A MUCH MORE NASCENT STAGE IN

4050
02:21:49,858 --> 02:21:54,829
TRYING TO UNDERSTAND AND

4051
02:21:54,829 --> 02:21:55,663
INCORPORATE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS

4052
02:21:55,663 --> 02:21:56,831
OF HEALTH SO WE'RE STILL

4053
02:21:56,831 --> 02:21:58,800
LEARNING FROM OUR COLLEAGUES IN

4054
02:21:58,800 --> 02:22:00,268
DESPR AND BEYOND AND OF COURSE

4055
02:22:00,268 --> 02:22:01,870
ARE HOPING FOR FEEDBACK FROM ALL

4056
02:22:01,870 --> 02:22:03,104
OF YOU TO TRY TO DO THIS BETTER.

4057
02:22:03,104 --> 02:22:04,305
SO LET ME START BY TALKING ABOUT

4058
02:22:04,305 --> 02:22:06,741
WHY WE EVEN NEED TO THINK ABOUT

4059
02:22:06,741 --> 02:22:07,976
SOARNL DETERMINANTS IN

4060
02:22:07,976 --> 02:22:09,177
NEUROSCIENCE.

4061
02:22:09,177 --> 02:22:10,812
SO TRADITIONALLY NEUROSCIENCE

4062
02:22:10,812 --> 02:22:11,846
MODELS HAVE DEALT WITH

4063
02:22:11,846 --> 02:22:12,747
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL VARIABLES BUT

4064
02:22:12,747 --> 02:22:13,915
WITH MORE RECENT STUDIES WE'VE

4065
02:22:13,915 --> 02:22:15,250
LEARNED THAT BY INCLUDING

4066
02:22:15,250 --> 02:22:17,619
VARIOUS SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL

4067
02:22:17,619 --> 02:22:18,753
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES, WE CAN

4068
02:22:18,753 --> 02:22:22,724
ARRIVE AT A MUCH MORE KN NUANCE,

4069
02:22:22,724 --> 02:22:24,092
MUCH MORE COMPLETE PICTURE OF

4070
02:22:24,092 --> 02:22:25,293
THE IMPACT ON REAL WORLD

4071
02:22:25,293 --> 02:22:25,660
OUTCOMES.

4072
02:22:25,660 --> 02:22:26,895
SO HERE FOR EXAMPLE IS A PAPER

4073
02:22:26,895 --> 02:22:30,698
THAT YOU'VE SEEN AT I THINK NORA

4074
02:22:30,698 --> 02:22:32,200
PRESENT AT A PREVIOUS COUNCIL

4075
02:22:32,200 --> 02:22:34,302
MEETING, IT USE THE ABCD DATA

4076
02:22:34,302 --> 02:22:35,336
SET AND THEY WERE BEING LOOKING

4077
02:22:35,336 --> 02:22:38,172
AT THE IMPACT OF LOW INCOME ON

4078
02:22:38,172 --> 02:22:38,673
HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME.

4079
02:22:38,673 --> 02:22:39,607
IMPORTANTLY WHAT THEY FOUND WAS

4080
02:22:39,607 --> 02:22:42,343
THAT WHEN THEY INCLUDED

4081
02:22:42,343 --> 02:22:45,747
INFORMATION ABOUT STATE LEVEL

4082
02:22:45,747 --> 02:22:49,083
ANTIPOVERTY PROGRAMS, THEY GOT A

4083
02:22:49,083 --> 02:22:50,785
MUCH MORE -- A MUCH DIFFERENT

4084
02:22:50,785 --> 02:22:53,021
UNDERSTANDING THAN WHAT WE HAD

4085
02:22:53,021 --> 02:22:53,621
PREVIOUSLY.

4086
02:22:53,621 --> 02:22:55,390
THEY SAW A MUCH BIGGER IMPACT OF

4087
02:22:55,390 --> 02:22:56,891
THE STATE LEVEL INTERVENTIONS

4088
02:22:56,891 --> 02:22:59,727
THAN THE BASIC ASSOCIATION

4089
02:22:59,727 --> 02:23:00,929
BETWEEN INCOME AND BRAIN

4090
02:23:00,929 --> 02:23:03,765
STRUCTURE.

4091
02:23:03,765 --> 02:23:05,767
SO IN GENERAL, WHAT WE'RE HOPING

4092
02:23:05,767 --> 02:23:07,936
FOR BY INCLUDING SOCIAL

4093
02:23:07,936 --> 02:23:08,903
DETERMINANTS IS TO CONSTRAIN,

4094
02:23:08,903 --> 02:23:10,538
INFORM AND IMPROVE OUR

4095
02:23:10,538 --> 02:23:11,673
BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS.

4096
02:23:11,673 --> 02:23:13,141
SO ULTIMATELY THE GOAL IS TO BE

4097
02:23:13,141 --> 02:23:15,176
ABLE TO IDENTIFY MALLEABLE

4098
02:23:15,176 --> 02:23:17,078
CIRCUITS AND/OR BEHAVIORAL

4099
02:23:17,078 --> 02:23:19,080
CONSTRUCTS FOR CONTEXTUALLY

4100
02:23:19,080 --> 02:23:20,915
RELEVANT INTERVENTIONS.

4101
02:23:20,915 --> 02:23:23,718
SO WITH THAT IN MIND, WE'VE BEEN

4102
02:23:23,718 --> 02:23:25,486
TRYING TO ADVANCE FROM MODELS

4103
02:23:25,486 --> 02:23:27,121
THAT LOOK AT BRAIN IN A VACUUM

4104
02:23:27,121 --> 02:23:28,423
TO ONES THAT INCORPORATE

4105
02:23:28,423 --> 02:23:29,857
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE BRAIN

4106
02:23:29,857 --> 02:23:31,192
AND THE BROADER SOCIAL AND

4107
02:23:31,192 --> 02:23:32,327
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.

4108
02:23:32,327 --> 02:23:35,029
SO IN TAKING THIS ON, WE'VE

4109
02:23:35,029 --> 02:23:36,364
IDENTIFIED A FEW CHALLENGES THAT

4110
02:23:36,364 --> 02:23:38,399
NEED TO BE ADDRESSED.

4111
02:23:38,399 --> 02:23:40,168
SO FIRST OFF, WHAT ARE THE

4112
02:23:40,168 --> 02:23:41,336
ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT THAT

4113
02:23:41,336 --> 02:23:43,838
MATTER MOST, WHETHER WE'RE

4114
02:23:43,838 --> 02:23:44,906
TALKING ABOUT INDIVIDUAL,

4115
02:23:44,906 --> 02:23:48,276
INTERPERSONAL OR STRUCTURAL

4116
02:23:48,276 --> 02:23:49,877
LEVEL VARIABLES.

4117
02:23:49,877 --> 02:23:52,380
AND TO GET AT THIS, WE'RE TRYING

4118
02:23:52,380 --> 02:23:53,314
A COUPLE OF DIFFERENT

4119
02:23:53,314 --> 02:23:54,382
STRATEGIES.

4120
02:23:54,382 --> 02:23:55,984
SO ONE IS WE'RE TURNING TO A

4121
02:23:55,984 --> 02:23:58,486
BROADER RANGE OF EXPERTISE THAN

4122
02:23:58,486 --> 02:23:59,854
WE TYPICALLY INCLUDE IN

4123
02:23:59,854 --> 02:24:01,756
NEUROSCIENCE STUDIES, SO SHOWN

4124
02:24:01,756 --> 02:24:04,092
HERE, FOR EXAMPLE, IS TEXT FROM

4125
02:24:04,092 --> 02:24:05,994
ONE OF OUR ACTIVE FUNDING

4126
02:24:05,994 --> 02:24:07,295
ANNOUNCEMENTS, WHERE WE'RE

4127
02:24:07,295 --> 02:24:08,730
EXPLICITLY ASKING INVESTIGATORS

4128
02:24:08,730 --> 02:24:12,600
TO BRING IN EXPERTISE NOT JUST

4129
02:24:12,600 --> 02:24:13,701
IN NEUROSCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY,

4130
02:24:13,701 --> 02:24:16,104
BUT ALSO BRING IN ANTHROPOLOGY,

4131
02:24:16,104 --> 02:24:17,505
SOCIOLOGY OR OTHER FIELDS AS

4132
02:24:17,505 --> 02:24:18,639
NEEDED FOR THE QUESTIONS THAT

4133
02:24:18,639 --> 02:24:20,508
THEY'RE ASKING.

4134
02:24:20,508 --> 02:24:21,709
THE OTHER THING THAT WE'RE

4135
02:24:21,709 --> 02:24:25,146
TRYING TO DO MORE IS ENCOURAGE

4136
02:24:25,146 --> 02:24:26,147
MORE COMMUNITY PARTNERED

4137
02:24:26,147 --> 02:24:27,382
RESEARCH, WHICH WE HEARD ABOUT A

4138
02:24:27,382 --> 02:24:30,184
LOT TODAY.

4139
02:24:30,184 --> 02:24:32,520
AS WITH OTHER DOMAINS, EVEN IN

4140
02:24:32,520 --> 02:24:35,990
OUR LABORATORY-BASED STUDIES,

4141
02:24:35,990 --> 02:24:37,859
WE'VE SEEN THAT COMMUNITY

4142
02:24:37,859 --> 02:24:39,794
PARTNERED RESEARCH CAN HELP

4143
02:24:39,794 --> 02:24:41,496
DEVELOP MORE RELEVANT RESEARCH

4144
02:24:41,496 --> 02:24:43,398
QUESTIONS, CAN HELP ADDRESS

4145
02:24:43,398 --> 02:24:44,532
UNDERREPRESENTATION OF

4146
02:24:44,532 --> 02:24:45,433
MARGINALIZED GROUPS, AND

4147
02:24:45,433 --> 02:24:47,268
FINALLY, JUST GENERALLY IMPROVE

4148
02:24:47,268 --> 02:24:48,836
STUDY VALIDITY.

4149
02:24:48,836 --> 02:24:50,038
AND I WANT TO POINT OUT THAT

4150
02:24:50,038 --> 02:24:51,906
THESE ARE NOT EXPECTATIONS THAT

4151
02:24:51,906 --> 02:24:52,907
WE'RE ONLY HOLDING FOR OUR

4152
02:24:52,907 --> 02:24:53,608
INVESTIGATORS.

4153
02:24:53,608 --> 02:24:55,977
THIS IS ALSO A STANDARD WE'RE

4154
02:24:55,977 --> 02:24:57,311
HOLDING OURSELVES TO.

4155
02:24:57,311 --> 02:24:58,212
SO FOR EXAMPLE, LIKE I SAID,

4156
02:24:58,212 --> 02:25:00,314
WE'RE TRYING TO LEARN FROM OUR

4157
02:25:00,314 --> 02:25:03,051
COLLEAGUES IN DESPR AND OTHER

4158
02:25:03,051 --> 02:25:05,553
ICs AT THE NIH TO GET AT THAT

4159
02:25:05,553 --> 02:25:07,121
BROADER EXPERTISE THAT WE DON'T

4160
02:25:07,121 --> 02:25:08,656
NECESSARILY HAVE OURSELVES.

4161
02:25:08,656 --> 02:25:13,928
SO WITH THAT IN MIND, YOU HEARD

4162
02:25:13,928 --> 02:25:15,563
A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THIS WORKSHOP

4163
02:25:15,563 --> 02:25:16,297
EARLIER TODAY.

4164
02:25:16,297 --> 02:25:20,401
SO THIS WAS A HEAL WORKSHOP THAT

4165
02:25:20,401 --> 02:25:22,837
WAS HELD EARLIER THIS YEAR LED

4166
02:25:22,837 --> 02:25:25,940
BY DR. JOHN FIDOTA, ALONG WITH A

4167
02:25:25,940 --> 02:25:29,143
TEAM FROM DNB, DESPR AND DTMC.

4168
02:25:29,143 --> 02:25:30,812
SO AGAIN, SPEAKING TO BRINGING

4169
02:25:30,812 --> 02:25:34,749
THAT BROADER EXPERTISE TO

4170
02:25:34,749 --> 02:25:35,650
UNDERSTAND RECOVERY WITHIN THE

4171
02:25:35,650 --> 02:25:36,717
BROADER SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL

4172
02:25:36,717 --> 02:25:37,485
CON TECH.

4173
02:25:37,485 --> 02:25:39,053
SO ONE OF THE REALLY IMPORTANT

4174
02:25:39,053 --> 02:25:40,555
FEATURES OF THIS WORKSHOP WAS

4175
02:25:40,555 --> 02:25:45,226
THAT THERE WAS AN ENTIRE PANEL

4176
02:25:45,226 --> 02:25:46,194
FOCUSED ON PEOPLE WITH LIVED

4177
02:25:46,194 --> 02:25:46,761
EXPERIENCES.

4178
02:25:46,761 --> 02:25:48,830
I CANNOT EMPHASIZE ENOUGH HOW

4179
02:25:48,830 --> 02:25:49,797
TRANSFORMATIVE THIS WAS FOR A

4180
02:25:49,797 --> 02:25:53,067
LOT OF US AT LEAST IN THE

4181
02:25:53,067 --> 02:25:55,103
NEUROSCIENCE SIDE, IN WERE A LOT

4182
02:25:55,103 --> 02:25:56,904
OF INSIGHTS THAT WE GOT, A LOT

4183
02:25:56,904 --> 02:25:58,706
THAT WE LEARNED AND THAT IS

4184
02:25:58,706 --> 02:26:00,041
MAKING US RE-EVALUATE HOW WE'RE

4185
02:26:00,041 --> 02:26:01,943
THINKING ABOUT LONG TERM

4186
02:26:01,943 --> 02:26:03,945
RECOVERY.

4187
02:26:03,945 --> 02:26:05,346
THAT QR CODE UP TOP SHOULD TAKE

4188
02:26:05,346 --> 02:26:06,914
YOU TO THE WEBSITE, INCLUDING

4189
02:26:06,914 --> 02:26:08,149
RECORDINGS FROM THAT MEETING AND

4190
02:26:08,149 --> 02:26:09,383
I STRONGLY ENCOURAGE TAKING A

4191
02:26:09,383 --> 02:26:14,088
LOOK.

4192
02:26:14,088 --> 02:26:15,089
THE SECOND CHALLENGE WE'RE

4193
02:26:15,089 --> 02:26:16,357
TRYING TO ADDRESS IS HOW DO WE

4194
02:26:16,357 --> 02:26:19,260
GO ABOUT ASSAYING THE

4195
02:26:19,260 --> 02:26:20,394
ENVIRONMENT COMPREHENSIVELY AND

4196
02:26:20,394 --> 02:26:20,795
EFFICIENTLY.

4197
02:26:20,795 --> 02:26:21,662
BECAUSE IN TRYING TO GET A

4198
02:26:21,662 --> 02:26:22,663
PICTURE OF THE HOST ENVIRONMENT,

4199
02:26:22,663 --> 02:26:24,265
WE DON'T WANT TO INCREASE THE

4200
02:26:24,265 --> 02:26:25,066
BURDEN ON THE PARTICIPANT, AND

4201
02:26:25,066 --> 02:26:26,134
AT THE END OF THE DAY, WE WANT

4202
02:26:26,134 --> 02:26:28,603
TO BROADEN ACCESSIBILITY.

4203
02:26:28,603 --> 02:26:31,839
SO WE HAVE MULTIPLE EFFORTS

4204
02:26:31,839 --> 02:26:35,610
UNDERWAY THAT SEEK TO TRY TO

4205
02:26:35,610 --> 02:26:37,311
UNDERSTAND BARRIERS TO

4206
02:26:37,311 --> 02:26:38,312
PARTICIPANT ENGAGEMENT AND ALSO

4207
02:26:38,312 --> 02:26:39,680
TRY TO ADDRESS THEM BY

4208
02:26:39,680 --> 02:26:41,249
DEVELOPING NOVEL STRATEGIES, SO

4209
02:26:41,249 --> 02:26:42,083
FOR EXAMPLE, DEVELOPMENT OF

4210
02:26:42,083 --> 02:26:44,051
REMOTE ASSESSMENT TOOLS.

4211
02:26:44,051 --> 02:26:45,086
THE OTHER THING THAT WE'RE

4212
02:26:45,086 --> 02:26:47,088
TRYING TO DO IS ALSO CAPTURE

4213
02:26:47,088 --> 02:26:49,724
VARIABILITY OVER TIME.

4214
02:26:49,724 --> 02:26:53,094
AND TO BE ABLE TO GET AT THESE

4215
02:26:53,094 --> 02:27:02,170
SPAISH YO SPATIAL TEMPORAL PROJ,

4216
02:27:02,170 --> 02:27:03,304
APPROACHES LIKE THIS BRAIN

4217
02:27:03,304 --> 02:27:03,871
INITIATIVE PROGRAM THAT YOU

4218
02:27:03,871 --> 02:27:06,507
HEARD ABOUT EARLIER TODAY, TO

4219
02:27:06,507 --> 02:27:09,544
GET AT THESE CONTEXTS IN BOTH

4220
02:27:09,544 --> 02:27:12,313
ANIMAL MODELS AS WELL AS IN

4221
02:27:12,313 --> 02:27:15,316
HUMAN STUDIES.

4222
02:27:15,316 --> 02:27:16,851
SO FINALLY LET'S ASSUME WE HAVE

4223
02:27:16,851 --> 02:27:18,219
ALL THIS COMPREHENSIVE DATA, HOW

4224
02:27:18,219 --> 02:27:20,321
DO WE UNCOVER COMPLEX DYNAMIC

4225
02:27:20,321 --> 02:27:22,456
PATTERNS IN THIS DATA BECAUSE

4226
02:27:22,456 --> 02:27:25,326
REALLY WE'RE TALKING ABOUT BOTH

4227
02:27:25,326 --> 02:27:26,360
MULTIDIMENSIONAL AS WELL AS

4228
02:27:26,360 --> 02:27:27,028
MULTILEVEL VARIABLES.

4229
02:27:27,028 --> 02:27:28,796
SO TO GET AT THIS ASPECT, WE'RE

4230
02:27:28,796 --> 02:27:32,233
REALLY ENCOURAGING A COMBINATION

4231
02:27:32,233 --> 02:27:33,634
OF NOVEL COMPUTATIONAL AND

4232
02:27:33,634 --> 02:27:38,239
STATISTICAL APPROACHES COMBINED

4233
02:27:38,239 --> 02:27:39,974
WITH EXTANT CONCEPTUAL MODELS

4234
02:27:39,974 --> 02:27:42,577
THAT CAN GET US A BETTER -- A

4235
02:27:42,577 --> 02:27:45,213
MORE NUANCED PICTURE OF THE

4236
02:27:45,213 --> 02:27:46,581
COMPLEX POTENTIALLY NON-LINEAR

4237
02:27:46,581 --> 02:27:47,148
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THESE

4238
02:27:47,148 --> 02:27:47,515
VARIABLES.

4239
02:27:47,515 --> 02:27:49,383
SO FINALLY, WE'LL BE COMING FULL

4240
02:27:49,383 --> 02:27:52,220
CIRCLE BY ALSO PARTNERING WITH

4241
02:27:52,220 --> 02:27:53,387
COMMUNITIES, IMPACTED

4242
02:27:53,387 --> 02:27:56,357
COMMUNITIES IN HOW WE THINK

4243
02:27:56,357 --> 02:27:57,225
ABOUT INTERPRETATION.

4244
02:27:57,225 --> 02:27:59,060
BOTH BECAUSE WE NEED THAT ADDED

4245
02:27:59,060 --> 02:28:01,929
CONTEXT AND ALSO WE DON'T WANT

4246
02:28:01,929 --> 02:28:03,731
TO EXACERBATE STIGMA IN THESE

4247
02:28:03,731 --> 02:28:06,934
AREAS.

4248
02:28:06,934 --> 02:28:08,202
SO WITH THESE CHALLENGES IN

4249
02:28:08,202 --> 02:28:10,204
MIND, WE'VE ISSUED A SERIES OF

4250
02:28:10,204 --> 02:28:14,642
FUNDING ANNOUNCEMENTS SINCE

4251
02:28:14,642 --> 02:28:15,176
2018.

4252
02:28:15,176 --> 02:28:17,878
AND BRINGING BACK THIS NIMHD

4253
02:28:17,878 --> 02:28:19,380
FRAMEWORK THAT ALEXA SHOWED

4254
02:28:19,380 --> 02:28:20,147
EARLIER.

4255
02:28:20,147 --> 02:28:20,748
WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE PLACES

4256
02:28:20,748 --> 02:28:23,618
WHERE OUR FUNDING ANNOUNCEMENTS

4257
02:28:23,618 --> 02:28:26,887
HAVE BEEN TRYING TO MAKE SOME

4258
02:28:26,887 --> 02:28:30,658
MOVEMENT, THE DOMAINS THEY'VE

4259
02:28:30,658 --> 02:28:31,792
BEEN FOCUSED ON, NOT

4260
02:28:31,792 --> 02:28:32,960
SURPRISINGLY YOU SEE MOST OF THE

4261
02:28:32,960 --> 02:28:34,562
EMPHASIS IS IN THAT TOP LEFT

4262
02:28:34,562 --> 02:28:37,765
QUADRANT THAT FOCUSES ON THE

4263
02:28:37,765 --> 02:28:38,699
INDIVIDUAL AND INTERPERSONAL

4264
02:28:38,699 --> 02:28:40,434
LEVELS OF INS FLEUNS OR

4265
02:28:40,434 --> 02:28:41,669
BIOLOGICAL OR BEHAVIORAL DOMAINS

4266
02:28:41,669 --> 02:28:42,737
OF INFLUENCE.

4267
02:28:42,737 --> 02:28:43,771
WITH A LITTLE BIT SMASHING IN

4268
02:28:43,771 --> 02:28:47,441
OTHER PARTS OF THE THAT MATRIX.

4269
02:28:47,441 --> 02:28:49,810
AS WE SEE IT NOW, IT SEEMS

4270
02:28:49,810 --> 02:28:51,646
ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO GET AT THAT

4271
02:28:51,646 --> 02:28:53,614
LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT FOCUSING ON

4272
02:28:53,614 --> 02:28:57,485
SERVICES AND IMPLEMENTATION IN

4273
02:28:57,485 --> 02:28:57,985
OUR INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS.

4274
02:28:57,985 --> 02:28:58,886
SO ONE OF THE THINGS WE'D LOVE

4275
02:28:58,886 --> 02:29:01,122
TO HEAR FROM YOU IS IF THERE ARE

4276
02:29:01,122 --> 02:29:03,658
CREATIVE WAYS TO INCORPORATE

4277
02:29:03,658 --> 02:29:04,625
THIS IMPORTANT INFORMATION INTO

4278
02:29:04,625 --> 02:29:05,993
OUR PROGRAM AS A WHOLE, PERHAPS

4279
02:29:05,993 --> 02:29:12,133
AT A HIGH LEVEL.

4280
02:29:12,133 --> 02:29:13,534
SO I ALSO WANT TO TALK ABOUT

4281
02:29:13,534 --> 02:29:14,402
TRYING TO UNDERSTAND HOW WE KNOW

4282
02:29:14,402 --> 02:29:15,603
IF ANY OF THIS IS WORKING,

4283
02:29:15,603 --> 02:29:17,672
BECAUSE IN PREVIOUS COUNCIL

4284
02:29:17,672 --> 02:29:18,306
MEETINGS, WE'VE BEEN ENCOURAGED

4285
02:29:18,306 --> 02:29:19,974
TO THINK ABOUT METRICS AS WE

4286
02:29:19,974 --> 02:29:21,776
UNDERTAKE NEW INITIATIVES.

4287
02:29:21,776 --> 02:29:25,713
SO THIS IS VERY EARLY DAYS FOR

4288
02:29:25,713 --> 02:29:27,048
US OF COURSE, SO WE START OFF BY

4289
02:29:27,048 --> 02:29:28,149
JUST LOOKING AT WHETHER OUR

4290
02:29:28,149 --> 02:29:29,784
TARGETED NOFOs ARE BRINGING IN

4291
02:29:29,784 --> 02:29:31,819
MORE APPLICATIONS IN THE SPACE.

4292
02:29:31,819 --> 02:29:35,690
SO 2018 IS WHEN THAT FIRST NOFO

4293
02:29:35,690 --> 02:29:37,391
WENT OUT, THEN YOU HAD A SERIES

4294
02:29:37,391 --> 02:29:38,659
OF OTHERS BACKING THEM UP, AND

4295
02:29:38,659 --> 02:29:40,294
YOU SEE THAT AT MINIMUM, THE

4296
02:29:40,294 --> 02:29:41,595
NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS HAVE BEEN

4297
02:29:41,595 --> 02:29:41,896
GOING UP.

4298
02:29:41,896 --> 02:29:43,964
MORE IMPORTANTLY, WE'RE SEEING

4299
02:29:43,964 --> 02:29:45,599
THAT THEY'RE BEING RECEIVED

4300
02:29:45,599 --> 02:29:49,370
BITTBITBETTER IN REVIEW, SO THEN

4301
02:29:49,370 --> 02:29:51,906
SCORES ARE IMPROVING, YOU'RE

4302
02:29:51,906 --> 02:29:53,341
GENERALLY SEEING A SHIFT IN THE

4303
02:29:53,341 --> 02:29:53,941
DISTRIBUTION OF SCORES TO THE

4304
02:29:53,941 --> 02:29:55,576
LEFT OVER TIME, AND ULTIMATELY

4305
02:29:55,576 --> 02:29:56,811
GIVING US MORE APPLICATIONS THAT

4306
02:29:56,811 --> 02:29:58,145
ARE DEEMED MERITORIOUS TO

4307
02:29:58,145 --> 02:30:00,581
CONSIDER.

4308
02:30:00,581 --> 02:30:04,752
SO THE REAL QUESTION IS, ARE WE

4309
02:30:04,752 --> 02:30:06,187
STIMULATING IMPACTFUL RESEARCH.

4310
02:30:06,187 --> 02:30:07,021
AGAIN THIS IS OBVIOUSLY REALLY

4311
02:30:07,021 --> 02:30:10,358
EARLY DAYS, SO WE CAN LOOK THE A

4312
02:30:10,358 --> 02:30:11,258
PUBLICATIONS, AND SURE, THE

4313
02:30:11,258 --> 02:30:13,794
EARLY PUBLICATIONS SEEM TO HAVE

4314
02:30:13,794 --> 02:30:15,563
MORE IMPACT AS COMPARED TO THEIR

4315
02:30:15,563 --> 02:30:17,465
FIELD BASED ON THE RELATIVE

4316
02:30:17,465 --> 02:30:20,701
CITATION RATIO.

4317
02:30:20,701 --> 02:30:22,403
BUT REALLY WHAT WE WANT TO KNOW

4318
02:30:22,403 --> 02:30:23,704
IS WHETHER WE'RE HAVING AN

4319
02:30:23,704 --> 02:30:25,139
IMPACT ON REAL WORLD OUTCOMES.

4320
02:30:25,139 --> 02:30:26,640
THE GOAL FOR US IS TO BE ABLE TO

4321
02:30:26,640 --> 02:30:28,075
MAKE THIS RELATIONSHIP

4322
02:30:28,075 --> 02:30:32,847
RECIPROCAL WHERE WE CAN GIVE

4323
02:30:32,847 --> 02:30:34,582
INFORMATION ABOUT -- TOWARDS

4324
02:30:34,582 --> 02:30:35,182
DEVELOPING NOVEL INTERVENTIONS

4325
02:30:35,182 --> 02:30:38,386
TO OUR COLLEAGUES AT DTMC AND

4326
02:30:38,386 --> 02:30:38,619
DESPR.

4327
02:30:38,619 --> 02:30:39,720
HOPEFULLY WE'LL BE THERE IN THE

4328
02:30:39,720 --> 02:30:43,290
NEXT FEW YEARS.

4329
02:30:43,290 --> 02:30:44,925
SO I WANT TO END BY TALKING

4330
02:30:44,925 --> 02:30:47,328
ABOUT ONE SPECIFIC PROGRAM.

4331
02:30:47,328 --> 02:30:51,298
A LOT OF WHAT I DISCUSSED TODAY

4332
02:30:51,298 --> 02:30:52,366
DEALT WITH HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE.

4333
02:30:52,366 --> 02:30:54,001
SO THIS IS AN EXAMPLE -- THIS

4334
02:30:54,001 --> 02:30:59,607
PROGRAM IS CALLED TRANSINDA,

4335
02:30:59,607 --> 02:31:01,776
TRYING TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT

4336
02:31:01,776 --> 02:31:05,312
OF EARLY LIFE SOCIOENVIRONMENTAL

4337
02:31:05,312 --> 02:31:09,617
FACTORS IN NON-HUMAN MODELS, AND

4338
02:31:09,617 --> 02:31:11,152
USING A CONSORTIUM APPROACH, AND

4339
02:31:11,152 --> 02:31:12,453
THE HOPE IS TO UNDERSTAND THE

4340
02:31:12,453 --> 02:31:13,621
INFLUENCE OF THESE FACTORS ON

4341
02:31:13,621 --> 02:31:16,557
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR OVER

4342
02:31:16,557 --> 02:31:17,858
DEVELOPMENT AND ULTIMATELY LOOK

4343
02:31:17,858 --> 02:31:21,762
AT THE IMPACT THAT HAS ON

4344
02:31:21,762 --> 02:31:22,830
SUBSTANCE USE-RELATED BEHAVIORS

4345
02:31:22,830 --> 02:31:24,899
IN ADOLESCENTS AND EARLY

4346
02:31:24,899 --> 02:31:25,166
ADULTHOOD.

4347
02:31:25,166 --> 02:31:26,801
SO THIS IS JUST TO GIVE YOU AN

4348
02:31:26,801 --> 02:31:29,170
EXAMPLE OF THE WAY THAT OUR

4349
02:31:29,170 --> 02:31:30,838
RESEARCH SUNDAYGOING A CHANGE

4350
02:31:30,838 --> 02:31:34,542
ALL THE WAY EVEN INTO OUR

4351
02:31:34,542 --> 02:31:37,378
PRE-CLINICAL RESEARCH IN ANIMAL

4352
02:31:37,378 --> 02:31:37,778
MODELS.

4353
02:31:37,778 --> 02:31:38,712
AND HOPEFULLY WE'LL HAVE UPDATE

4354
02:31:38,712 --> 02:31:41,449
ON THIS AS WELL IN A FEW YEARS.

4355
02:31:41,449 --> 02:31:44,185
SO I WANT TO END BY THANKING THE

4356
02:31:44,185 --> 02:31:46,320
ARMY OF PEOPLE WHO'VE BEEN

4357
02:31:46,320 --> 02:31:47,755
LEADING THE VARIOUS EFFORTS WE

4358
02:31:47,755 --> 02:31:50,825
DISCUSSED TODAY.

4359
02:31:50,825 --> 02:31:52,059
OR BEEN INVOLVED WITH THEM IN

4360
02:31:52,059 --> 02:31:52,560
OTHER WAYS.

4361
02:31:52,560 --> 02:31:54,662
AND I WILL LEAVE THIS LIST OF

4362
02:31:54,662 --> 02:31:56,030
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS THAT WE

4363
02:31:56,030 --> 02:31:58,899
BROUGHT UP OVER THE COURSE OF

4364
02:31:58,899 --> 02:32:00,134
THIS TALK.

4365
02:32:00,134 --> 02:32:01,569
AGAIN WE'D LOVE TO HEAR YOUR

4366
02:32:01,569 --> 02:32:02,336
FEEDBACK AND WE'RE HAPPY TO

4367
02:32:02,336 --> 02:32:03,003
ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS TOO.

4368
02:32:03,003 --> 02:32:13,180
THANK YOU.

4369
02:32:17,084 --> 02:32:18,652
>> HI, VANI.

4370
02:32:18,652 --> 02:32:19,453
GREAT PRESENTATION.

4371
02:32:19,453 --> 02:32:20,554
I'M REALLY INTERESTED IN THE

4372
02:32:20,554 --> 02:32:21,889
POINT YOU MADE ABOUT HOW THAT

4373
02:32:21,889 --> 02:32:28,829
LOWER QAW DRAP QUADRANT OF THE H

4374
02:32:28,829 --> 02:32:30,130
FRAMEWORK IS SORT OF

4375
02:32:30,130 --> 02:32:31,398
UNADDRESSED, AND I'M THINKING

4376
02:32:31,398 --> 02:32:34,335
SPECIFICALLY ABOUT THE MASSIVE

4377
02:32:34,335 --> 02:32:37,104
IMPACT THAT GETTING RESIDENTIAL

4378
02:32:37,104 --> 02:32:38,405
HISTORY IN THE ABCD STUDY HAS

4379
02:32:38,405 --> 02:32:42,643
HELPED GET SOME OF THOSE

4380
02:32:42,643 --> 02:32:44,845
SOCIETAL LEVEL, STATE LEVELS,

4381
02:32:44,845 --> 02:32:50,017
MEGAN H ERDING'S LAB HAS PUT SO

4382
02:32:50,017 --> 02:32:51,719
MUCH EFFORT INTO HELPING WITH

4383
02:32:51,719 --> 02:32:53,053
THE DATA COLLECTION, PULLING THE

4384
02:32:53,053 --> 02:32:54,288
DATA, GETTING EVERYTHING SO THAT

4385
02:32:54,288 --> 02:32:55,456
IT'S AVAILABLE FOR FOLKS TO USE.

4386
02:32:55,456 --> 02:32:57,258
SO WHY NOT IMPLEMENT SOMETHING

4387
02:32:57,258 --> 02:32:57,525
LIKE THAT?

4388
02:32:57,525 --> 02:32:59,059
AS A NEUROIMAGER, I CAN GET YOU

4389
02:32:59,059 --> 02:33:00,528
THE BRAIN IMAGING DATA, I CAN

4390
02:33:00,528 --> 02:33:02,796
GET YOU THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE

4391
02:33:02,796 --> 02:33:03,597
INTERPERSONAL DATA, BUT I DON'T

4392
02:33:03,597 --> 02:33:08,335
HAVE THE EXPERTISE TO THEN GO UP

4393
02:33:08,335 --> 02:33:10,137
AND GRAB THOSE ADDITIONAL

4394
02:33:10,137 --> 02:33:11,438
MULTILEVEL MEASUREMENTS THAT ARE

4395
02:33:11,438 --> 02:33:14,375
SO NEEDED.

4396
02:33:14,375 --> 02:33:15,809
I'D BE MORE THAN HAPPY TO SHARE

4397
02:33:15,809 --> 02:33:17,111
MY DATA, SO MAYBE THINKING SORT

4398
02:33:17,111 --> 02:33:22,116
OF LARGELY ABOUT SHARING WITH

4399
02:33:22,116 --> 02:33:23,717
PEOPLE LIKE ME HOW TO COLLECT

4400
02:33:23,717 --> 02:33:24,718
RESIDENTIAL HISTORY, BECAUSE I

4401
02:33:24,718 --> 02:33:26,220
SPENT AN HOUR WITH MEGAN JUST TO

4402
02:33:26,220 --> 02:33:28,055
GET A TINY LITTLE GLIMPSE OF HOW

4403
02:33:28,055 --> 02:33:31,125
COMPLICATED THAT ACTUALLY IS.

4404
02:33:31,125 --> 02:33:33,060
AND THEN HOW TO LINK TO THOSE

4405
02:33:33,060 --> 02:33:34,495
EXTERNAL DATASETS.

4406
02:33:34,495 --> 02:33:36,230
SO HAVING SOME MECHANISM OF

4407
02:33:36,230 --> 02:33:38,065
SUPPORT THAT ALLOWS PEOPLE LIKE

4408
02:33:38,065 --> 02:33:39,266
ME WHO GET THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

4409
02:33:39,266 --> 02:33:46,607
DATA TO THEN MAYBE EXPAND OUR

4410
02:33:46,607 --> 02:33:47,708
DATASETS IS SOMETHING THAT

4411
02:33:47,708 --> 02:33:49,777
POPPED INTO MY HEAD.

4412
02:33:49,777 --> 02:33:51,245
>> THAT'S A REALLY GREAT
POINT.

4413
02:33:51,245 --> 02:33:52,846
I JUST WANTED TO CHECK WHEN YOU

4414
02:33:52,846 --> 02:33:54,281
SAY SUPPORT, DO YOU MEAN -- IS

4415
02:33:54,281 --> 02:33:55,616
IT JUST FINANCIAL SUPPORT OR

4416
02:33:55,616 --> 02:33:57,217
ALSO RESOURCES IN TERMS OF --

4417
02:33:57,217 --> 02:33:58,118
>> BOTH.

4418
02:33:58,118 --> 02:33:59,587
YOU'RE GOING TO GIVE ME MONEY TO

4419
02:33:59,587 --> 02:34:01,121
DO IT BUT YOU'RE GOING TO BE

4420
02:34:01,121 --> 02:34:02,222
ABLE TO DO FASTER AND BETTER

4421
02:34:02,222 --> 02:34:04,525
BECAUSE YOU ALREADY HAVE THE

4422
02:34:04,525 --> 02:34:05,659
KNOW-HOW HOW TO DO THAT.

4423
02:34:05,659 --> 02:34:09,129
>> I'M JUST SMILING
BECAUSE

4424
02:34:09,129 --> 02:34:10,464
WE'VE HAD -- THESE ARE THE EXACT

4425
02:34:10,464 --> 02:34:11,498
CONVERSATIONS THAT WE'VE HAD.

4426
02:34:11,498 --> 02:34:12,833
AND IT'S AN AMAZING POINT.

4427
02:34:12,833 --> 02:34:20,641
THANK YOU.

4428
02:34:20,641 --> 02:34:21,475
>> THANKS FOR THIS.

4429
02:34:21,475 --> 02:34:23,243
I HAD A QUESTION ABOUT ON YOUR

4430
02:34:23,243 --> 02:34:28,248
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS, YOU TALK

4431
02:34:28,248 --> 02:34:29,083
ABOUT HOW THESE SOCIAL

4432
02:34:29,083 --> 02:34:34,722
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH TARGET --

4433
02:34:34,722 --> 02:34:41,295
HEALTHMANY AREAS OF HEALTH, NOTY

4434
02:34:41,295 --> 02:34:42,029
SUBSTANCE USE, AND ONE AREA

4435
02:34:42,029 --> 02:34:45,165
THAT'S OBVIOUSLY -- THERE'S A

4436
02:34:45,165 --> 02:34:48,068
LOT OF THAT THAT'S A LITTLE --

4437
02:34:48,068 --> 02:34:49,303
FROM BRAIN DISORDERS IS

4438
02:34:49,303 --> 02:34:51,372
CERTAINLY CRIMINAL JUSTICE

4439
02:34:51,372 --> 02:34:51,805
INVOLVEMENT.

4440
02:34:51,805 --> 02:34:53,807
I KNOW YOU HAVE TRAUMA HERE.

4441
02:34:53,807 --> 02:34:54,575
I'M AT GEORGETOWN.

4442
02:34:54,575 --> 02:34:55,643
I THINK A LOT ABOUT

4443
02:34:55,643 --> 02:34:56,977
WASHINGTON, D.C. AND THE IMPACT

4444
02:34:56,977 --> 02:34:59,647
OF INTERGENERATIONAL TRAUMA AS A

4445
02:34:59,647 --> 02:35:01,615
RESULT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE

4446
02:35:01,615 --> 02:35:01,915
INVOLVEMENT.

4447
02:35:01,915 --> 02:35:03,951
SO I GUESS THAT'S ONE OF THE

4448
02:35:03,951 --> 02:35:07,388
QUESTIONS THAT I HAD OR ISSUES

4449
02:35:07,388 --> 02:35:09,089
TO RAISE, IS HOW YOU'RE LOOKING

4450
02:35:09,089 --> 02:35:11,625
AT THAT, THE INTERGENERATIONAL

4451
02:35:11,625 --> 02:35:14,128
IMPACT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE

4452
02:35:14,128 --> 02:35:14,428
INVOLVEMENT.

4453
02:35:14,428 --> 02:35:17,064
>> YEAH, THAT'S GREAT TO
--

4454
02:35:17,064 --> 02:35:21,468
THANK YOU FOR RAISING THAT.

4455
02:35:21,468 --> 02:35:22,569
YOU'RE LIKELY FAMILIAR WITH

4456
02:35:22,569 --> 02:35:24,938
JCOIN, SO WORKING A LOT IN

4457
02:35:24,938 --> 02:35:28,375
INTEGRATING OPIOID TREATMENT IN

4458
02:35:28,375 --> 02:35:29,343
CARCERAL SETTINGS.

4459
02:35:29,343 --> 02:35:32,379
WE ALSO HAVE RESEARCH IN OUR

4460
02:35:32,379 --> 02:35:34,148
PREVENTION PORTFOLIO, FOR

4461
02:35:34,148 --> 02:35:36,583
EXAMPLE, LOOKING AT IMPLEMENTING

4462
02:35:36,583 --> 02:35:40,454
PREVENTION PROGRAMS WITH YOUTH

4463
02:35:40,454 --> 02:35:44,291
THAT ARE INVOLVED IN THE

4464
02:35:44,291 --> 02:35:45,693
JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM, WHETHER

4465
02:35:45,693 --> 02:35:47,961
THAT'S THROUGH DEFERRAL OR

4466
02:35:47,961 --> 02:35:50,030
THROUGH DETENTION AS WELL, AND

4467
02:35:50,030 --> 02:35:56,403
MANY OF THOSE YOUTH HAVE

4468
02:35:56,403 --> 02:35:59,006
CAREGIVERS OR PARENTS THAT HAVE

4469
02:35:59,006 --> 02:36:00,541
BEEN INVOLVED AS WELL, SO REALLY

4470
02:36:00,541 --> 02:36:02,710
LOOKING AT THOSE CASCADING

4471
02:36:02,710 --> 02:36:04,712
EFFECTS IS ONE WAY THAT WE ARE

4472
02:36:04,712 --> 02:36:05,512
ADDRESSING THIS.

4473
02:36:05,512 --> 02:36:09,550
IT CHALLENGING BECAUSE THOSE

4474
02:36:09,550 --> 02:36:10,984
SYSTEMS ARE ALWAYS CHANGING.

4475
02:36:10,984 --> 02:36:15,789
THEY CHANGE A LOT AFTER THE

4476
02:36:15,789 --> 02:36:17,758
PANDEMIC, AND GAINING ACCESS IS

4477
02:36:17,758 --> 02:36:18,926
ALWAYS A CHALLENGE.

4478
02:36:18,926 --> 02:36:24,598
IN ADDITION TO THAT SORT OF KIND

4479
02:36:24,598 --> 02:36:28,736
OF JUSTICE SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT,

4480
02:36:28,736 --> 02:36:34,007
THERE'S ALSO INTEREST IN DESPR

4481
02:36:34,007 --> 02:36:37,811
IN SORT OF -- THE JUSTICE SYSTEM

4482
02:36:37,811 --> 02:36:38,846
INVOLVEMENT, ARE THERE KIND OF

4483
02:36:38,846 --> 02:36:41,949
COMMON PATH TO PREVENTION, OR

4484
02:36:41,949 --> 02:36:45,119
HOW IS TREATMENT ACROSS THOSE

4485
02:36:45,119 --> 02:36:48,021
MULTIPLE KINDS OF CHALLENGES,

4486
02:36:48,021 --> 02:36:50,424
HOW MIGHT THAT BE EFFECTIVE OR

4487
02:36:50,424 --> 02:37:00,000
CROSS-EFFECTIVE?

4488
02:37:00,000 --> 02:37:01,802
>> I ACTUALLY HAD A
QUESTION OR

4489
02:37:01,802 --> 02:37:07,307
COMMENT OF SORTS ABOUT THE FIRST

4490
02:37:07,307 --> 02:37:08,242
BULLET POINT YOU HAD THERE.

4491
02:37:08,242 --> 02:37:10,110
WE'VE BEEN LOOKING AT UNIVERSITY

4492
02:37:10,110 --> 02:37:12,713
OF ST. LOUIS AT COMMUNITY

4493
02:37:12,713 --> 02:37:15,015
ADVISORY BOARD, SO HAVING A

4494
02:37:15,015 --> 02:37:15,682
CONSTELLATION OF INDIVIDUALS WHO

4495
02:37:15,682 --> 02:37:21,755
CAN HELP WITH -- SDOH IN

4496
02:37:21,755 --> 02:37:23,457
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER ACROSS

4497
02:37:23,457 --> 02:37:25,592
SCIENTIFIC FIELDS, SO HAVING

4498
02:37:25,592 --> 02:37:31,131
SOMEONE THAT COULD BE --

4499
02:37:31,131 --> 02:37:32,199
NEUROSCIENCE AS WELL AS -- SO

4500
02:37:32,199 --> 02:37:33,133
ONE QUESTION WE'RE TRYING TO

4501
02:37:33,133 --> 02:37:34,735
GRAPPLE WITH, AND THIS IS

4502
02:37:34,735 --> 02:37:35,636
SOMETHING EARLY INVESTIGATORS

4503
02:37:35,636 --> 02:37:40,374
HAVE BROUGHT UP, IS HOW -- OUR

4504
02:37:40,374 --> 02:37:42,142
COMMUNITY LIAISONS.

4505
02:37:42,142 --> 02:37:47,681
IT'S NOT -- -- ACCOUNTS AND IN

4506
02:37:47,681 --> 02:37:52,820
ORDER TO DO THIS -- ON A

4507
02:37:52,820 --> 02:37:54,087
DAY-TO-DAY BASIS BUT --

4508
02:37:54,087 --> 02:37:55,923
COLLEAGUES IS, IN AN EFFORT TO

4509
02:37:55,923 --> 02:37:59,560
BE INTENTIONAL ABOUT NOT MISUSE

4510
02:37:59,560 --> 02:38:00,727
THEIR TIME, WE'VE GOT TO BE ABLE

4511
02:38:00,727 --> 02:38:04,131
TO GET RESOURCES TO THEM

4512
02:38:04,131 --> 02:38:05,465
QUICKLY -- MY QUESTION WOULD BE

4513
02:38:05,465 --> 02:38:10,838
DO YOU HAVE ANY ADVICE ON HOW

4514
02:38:10,838 --> 02:38:16,109
DOES

4515
02:38:16,109 --> 02:38:17,611
>> THANKS FOR RAISING
THAT.

4516
02:38:17,611 --> 02:38:18,712
IT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT POINT.

4517
02:38:18,712 --> 02:38:20,414
IT'S SOMETHING THAT HAS COME UP

4518
02:38:20,414 --> 02:38:22,649
QUITE A BIT IN DISCUSSIONS WITH

4519
02:38:22,649 --> 02:38:26,220
THE RACIAL EQUITY COLLABORATIVE,

4520
02:38:26,220 --> 02:38:30,958
AND SOMETHING THAT INVESTIGATORS

4521
02:38:30,958 --> 02:38:33,760
AND COORDINATING CENTER HAVE IN

4522
02:38:33,760 --> 02:38:35,095
SOME WAYS BEEN ABLE TO SUPPORT

4523
02:38:35,095 --> 02:38:36,897
EACH OTHER, BUT IT REALLY

4524
02:38:36,897 --> 02:38:41,368
REQUIRES INSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES

4525
02:38:41,368 --> 02:38:45,572
TO CHANGE, AND FOR THAT, YOU

4526
02:38:45,572 --> 02:38:46,840
OFTEN NEED A LITTLE BIT OF

4527
02:38:46,840 --> 02:38:47,641
CLOUT, RIGHT?

4528
02:38:47,641 --> 02:38:49,509
YOU NEED FOLKS AT MULTIPLE

4529
02:38:49,509 --> 02:38:52,412
CAREER STAGES WHO HAVE BROUGHT

4530
02:38:52,412 --> 02:38:55,582
IN FUNDING THAT UNIVERSITIES OR

4531
02:38:55,582 --> 02:38:56,149
OTHER RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS

4532
02:38:56,149 --> 02:38:57,751
REALLY WANT TO LISTEN TO BECAUSE

4533
02:38:57,751 --> 02:38:59,820
IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT WE ARE

4534
02:38:59,820 --> 02:39:02,856
COMPENSATING FOLKS FOR THEIR

4535
02:39:02,856 --> 02:39:05,659
TIME, AND THAT'S ONE -- AND

4536
02:39:05,659 --> 02:39:06,460
THOSE SHARED COMMUNITY ADVISORY

4537
02:39:06,460 --> 02:39:07,694
BOARDS CAN BE A REAL STRENGTH.

4538
02:39:07,694 --> 02:39:09,196
I KNOW THAT THEY'RE A PART OF

4539
02:39:09,196 --> 02:39:11,932
THE CANCER CENTERS, NCI FUNDS,

4540
02:39:11,932 --> 02:39:15,869
AND FOR SOME OF OUR APPLICANTS

4541
02:39:15,869 --> 02:39:17,738
THEY'VE BEEN ABLE TO GAIN ACCESS

4542
02:39:17,738 --> 02:39:19,306
THROUGH THOSE CENTERS THAT THEY

4543
02:39:19,306 --> 02:39:19,973
MAY HAVE AFILL YAIGS WITH.

4544
02:39:19,973 --> 02:39:24,878
AFFILIATIONS WITH.SO THAT'S AN K

4545
02:39:24,878 --> 02:39:26,179
WOULD BE GREAT TO THINK HARD

4546
02:39:26,179 --> 02:39:27,748
ABOUT AND SEE IF THERE'S

4547
02:39:27,748 --> 02:39:29,516
ADDITIONAL INNOVATION WE CAN DO

4548
02:39:29,516 --> 02:39:30,784
TO SMOOTH THAT PATH WHILE FOLKS

4549
02:39:30,784 --> 02:39:32,352
ARE ADVOCATING AT THEIR

4550
02:39:32,352 --> 02:39:39,092
INSTITUTIONS FOR CHANGE.

4551
02:39:39,092 --> 02:39:40,928
>> ANY MORE QUESTIONS?

4552
02:39:40,928 --> 02:39:41,662
YES, PLEASE.

4553
02:39:41,662 --> 02:39:43,330
>> I SEE SOME ONLINE,
THOUGH.

4554
02:39:43,330 --> 02:39:50,304
I THINK I'M BEHIND OTHERS.

4555
02:39:50,304 --> 02:39:53,640
>> I HAVE A QUESTION IF WE
CAN

4556
02:39:53,640 --> 02:39:55,542
HEAR.

4557
02:39:55,542 --> 02:39:56,343
CHRISTIANE.

4558
02:39:56,343 --> 02:39:57,110
SO FIRST I JUST WANT TO THANK

4559
02:39:57,110 --> 02:40:00,080
YOU FOR DOING THIS.

4560
02:40:00,080 --> 02:40:02,249
I THINK WHAT YOU ARE -- BOTH OF

4561
02:40:02,249 --> 02:40:07,454
YOU ARE DOING BY PUTTING

4562
02:40:07,454 --> 02:40:10,524
TOGETHER THESE TWO DIVISIONS AND

4563
02:40:10,524 --> 02:40:11,858
THE CHALLENGES THAT YOU ARE

4564
02:40:11,858 --> 02:40:14,394
HAVING TO INTEGRATE AND FIND THE

4565
02:40:14,394 --> 02:40:15,629
SYNERGIES ACROSS THE PROTOCOLS

4566
02:40:15,629 --> 02:40:18,098
IS SO IMPORTANT, AND I THINK

4567
02:40:18,098 --> 02:40:20,033
IT'S WHAT EVENTUALLY WILL MOVE

4568
02:40:20,033 --> 02:40:21,401
US FORWARD.

4569
02:40:21,401 --> 02:40:24,972
AND I ALSO WANT TO RESONATE THE

4570
02:40:24,972 --> 02:40:28,408
QUESTION THAT THE COLLEAGUE, DRE

4571
02:40:28,408 --> 02:40:30,677
BEGINNING, HER QUESTION ABOUT

4572
02:40:30,677 --> 02:40:33,447
THE MEASUREMENT OF ADDRESSES,

4573
02:40:33,447 --> 02:40:33,747
FOR EXAMPLE.

4574
02:40:33,747 --> 02:40:35,482
SO I THINK ONE BIG PROBLEM THAT

4575
02:40:35,482 --> 02:40:38,318
WE HAVE IS THAT WE ARE NOT

4576
02:40:38,318 --> 02:40:40,721
RECOGNIZING THE COMPLEXITIES

4577
02:40:40,721 --> 02:40:42,055
THAT ARE INVOLVED IN MEASURING

4578
02:40:42,055 --> 02:40:43,423
THE EXPOSURES THAT WE ARE

4579
02:40:43,423 --> 02:40:45,425
INTERESTED IN IN THIS CASE, WHAT

4580
02:40:45,425 --> 02:40:46,259
WE'RE CALLING SOCIAL

4581
02:40:46,259 --> 02:40:49,529
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH.

4582
02:40:49,529 --> 02:40:51,164
SO THE BRAIN IS COMPLEX, BUT THE

4583
02:40:51,164 --> 02:40:52,933
PROCESS IS THAT WE'RE TRYING TO

4584
02:40:52,933 --> 02:40:55,002
CAPTURE THAT ARE RELEVANT TO HOW

4585
02:40:55,002 --> 02:40:58,472
THE BRAIN IS FUNCTIONS ARE ALSO

4586
02:40:58,472 --> 02:40:59,773
EXTREMELY COMPLEX, AND I THINK

4587
02:40:59,773 --> 02:41:01,975
IT'S VERY EASY FOR US TO -- HAS

4588
02:41:01,975 --> 02:41:06,313
BEEN VERY EASY TO NOT PUT ENOUGH

4589
02:41:06,313 --> 02:41:09,983
THINKING AND RESOURCES IN THAT

4590
02:41:09,983 --> 02:41:11,918
BASKET.

4591
02:41:11,918 --> 02:41:13,587
BY HAVING THIS CONVERSATION AND

4592
02:41:13,587 --> 02:41:14,521
GETTING TWO BRANCHES TO TALK, I

4593
02:41:14,521 --> 02:41:16,790
THINK WE CAN MAYBE MIRROR THIS

4594
02:41:16,790 --> 02:41:21,528
EXERCISE IN OUR UNIVERSITIES AND

4595
02:41:21,528 --> 02:41:24,865
OUTSIDE SO THAT THIS CAN BE

4596
02:41:24,865 --> 02:41:28,735
TAKEN MORE TO THE LEVEL THAT IT

4597
02:41:28,735 --> 02:41:29,336
SHOULD.

4598
02:41:29,336 --> 02:41:31,171
SO I THINK IT'S STIMULATING

4599
02:41:31,171 --> 02:41:34,908
CALLS FOR PROPOSALS THAT HAVE A

4600
02:41:34,908 --> 02:41:38,412
FOCUS ON THE EXPOSURE SIDE OF

4601
02:41:38,412 --> 02:41:40,047
THINGS RATHER THAN THE OUTCOMES

4602
02:41:40,047 --> 02:41:41,681
THAT CAN MAKE A BIG DIFFERENCE

4603
02:41:41,681 --> 02:41:45,385
ALSO IN TERMS OF SHOWING THAT WE

4604
02:41:45,385 --> 02:41:46,420
RECOGNIZE THE COMPLEXITY AND

4605
02:41:46,420 --> 02:41:50,323
THAT WE HAVE WAYS THAT THIS CAN

4606
02:41:50,323 --> 02:41:52,192
BE IMPROVED AND GET BETTER.

4607
02:41:52,192 --> 02:42:01,334
SO JUST WANTED TO THANK YOU.

4608
02:42:01,334 --> 02:42:02,569
>> DEBORAH?

4609
02:42:02,569 --> 02:42:07,641
>> THANK YOU.

4610
02:42:07,641 --> 02:42:08,241
INTERESTING PRESENTATIONS ALL

4611
02:42:08,241 --> 02:42:10,043
DAY.

4612
02:42:10,043 --> 02:42:11,378
I WANT TO RESPOND TO THE

4613
02:42:11,378 --> 02:42:13,447
QUESTION THAT WAS RAISED ABOUT

4614
02:42:13,447 --> 02:42:14,448
THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF

4615
02:42:14,448 --> 02:42:15,415
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER, AND FOR

4616
02:42:15,415 --> 02:42:16,416
ME, THE FIRST THING THAT COMES

4617
02:42:16,416 --> 02:42:18,318
TO MIND, OF COURSE, IS THE

4618
02:42:18,318 --> 02:42:22,189
CRIMINALIZATION OF DRUG USE.

4619
02:42:22,189 --> 02:42:24,357
AND OFTEN, ESPECIALLY WITH

4620
02:42:24,357 --> 02:42:28,028
SPECIFIC POPULATION GROUPS,

4621
02:42:28,028 --> 02:42:29,129
SUBSEQUENT INCARCERATION.

4622
02:42:29,129 --> 02:42:31,198
AND INCARCERATION'S RELATIONSHIP

4623
02:42:31,198 --> 02:42:35,335
TO TRAUMA, SHAME, INTERNALIZED

4624
02:42:35,335 --> 02:42:36,970
STIGMA, EXTERNALIZED STIGMA,

4625
02:42:36,970 --> 02:42:40,173
WHICH, OF COURSE, DRIVES PEOPLE

4626
02:42:40,173 --> 02:42:42,109
UNDERGROUND, WHICH RESULTS IN

4627
02:42:42,109 --> 02:42:43,076
MORE OVERDOSES.

4628
02:42:43,076 --> 02:42:48,148
SO I FEEL LIKE IT'S SOMETHING

4629
02:42:48,148 --> 02:42:50,784
THAT NEEDS ADDRESSING, THAT AS

4630
02:42:50,784 --> 02:42:54,254
PERHAPS PART OF THE -- WHAT

4631
02:42:54,254 --> 02:42:55,355
CHRISTIANE WAS JUST TALKING

4632
02:42:55,355 --> 02:42:57,190
ABOUT, HOW WE'RE RECOGNIZING THE

4633
02:42:57,190 --> 02:42:58,191
COMPLEXITIES OF THINGS.

4634
02:42:58,191 --> 02:43:01,828
IF WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT

4635
02:43:01,828 --> 02:43:03,864
WHAT'S THE RESULT OF

4636
02:43:03,864 --> 02:43:05,565
CRIMINALIZED DRUG USE, WE'RE

4637
02:43:05,565 --> 02:43:11,404
KIND OF MISSING A WHOLE TRUNK OF

4638
02:43:11,404 --> 02:43:12,305
INFORMATION THAT SO IMPACTS

4639
02:43:12,305 --> 02:43:15,342
PEOPLE.

4640
02:43:15,342 --> 02:43:16,409
ESPECIALLY AS YOU WERE

4641
02:43:16,409 --> 02:43:17,844
EXPLAINING MUCH EARLIER IN THE

4642
02:43:17,844 --> 02:43:21,448
DAY, THE IMPACT OF THE HARMS OF

4643
02:43:21,448 --> 02:43:23,316
FATALITIES ON NATIVE AMERICAN

4644
02:43:23,316 --> 02:43:23,984
COMMUNITIES AND BLACK

4645
02:43:23,984 --> 02:43:25,552
COMMUNITIES.

4646
02:43:25,552 --> 02:43:33,360
AND BLACK MEN IN PARTICULAR.

4647
02:43:33,360 --> 02:43:35,629
>> THANK YOU, DEBORAH, AND
ALSO

4648
02:43:35,629 --> 02:43:35,929
CHRISTIANE.

4649
02:43:35,929 --> 02:43:39,232
I THINK BUILDING ON THAT, I WANT

4650
02:43:39,232 --> 02:43:41,401
TO CONGRATULATE BOTH OF YOU

4651
02:43:41,401 --> 02:43:43,170
BECAUSE IT'S SO IMPORTANT IN

4652
02:43:43,170 --> 02:43:44,404
PARADIGM SHIFTING, WHAT YOU'RE

4653
02:43:44,404 --> 02:43:45,839
DOING, AND BRINGING NEUROSCIENCE

4654
02:43:45,839 --> 02:43:49,142
TOGETHER WITH SOCIAL SCHOLARSHIP

4655
02:43:49,142 --> 02:43:49,476
AND RESEARCH.

4656
02:43:49,476 --> 02:43:51,244
IT'S VERY EXCITING.

4657
02:43:51,244 --> 02:43:53,647
IT'S QUITE AMBITIOUS.

4658
02:43:53,647 --> 02:43:55,015
AND WHAT YOU'RE REALLY TALKING

4659
02:43:55,015 --> 02:43:57,017
ABOUT DOING IS LINKING DATA

4660
02:43:57,017 --> 02:43:58,151
ACROSS VERY DIFFERENT LEVELS OF

4661
02:43:58,151 --> 02:44:00,020
SCALE AND FORGING COLLABORATIONS

4662
02:44:00,020 --> 02:44:02,055
ACROSS RADICALLY DIFFERENT

4663
02:44:02,055 --> 02:44:03,690
FIELDS.

4664
02:44:03,690 --> 02:44:05,091
YOU KNOW, FROM NEUROSCIENCE TO

4665
02:44:05,091 --> 02:44:06,259
SOCIAL SCIENCE, AND ALSO

4666
02:44:06,259 --> 02:44:07,460
BRINGING IN COMMUNITY

4667
02:44:07,460 --> 02:44:09,796
PARTNERSHIP AND ENGAGEMENT,

4668
02:44:09,796 --> 02:44:11,298
THAT'S TREMENDOUSLY COMPLICATED

4669
02:44:11,298 --> 02:44:13,166
AND IT'S NOT USUAL, AND IT'S

4670
02:44:13,166 --> 02:44:16,536
SOMETHING THAT WE'RE ATTEMPTING

4671
02:44:16,536 --> 02:44:22,175
TO DO AND -- OUR JOINT DATA

4672
02:44:22,175 --> 02:44:22,842
NEUROSCIENCE AND SOCIETY CENTER.

4673
02:44:22,842 --> 02:44:24,277
I THINK I SPOKE LAST TIME ABOUT

4674
02:44:24,277 --> 02:44:27,614
OUR PILOT PROJECT INVOLVING LAW

4675
02:44:27,614 --> 02:44:28,748
ENFORCEMENT HELICOPTER NOISE,

4676
02:44:28,748 --> 02:44:30,483
ITS IMPACT ON SLEEP DISRUPTION,

4677
02:44:30,483 --> 02:44:32,385
ITS IMPACT ON BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

4678
02:44:32,385 --> 02:44:33,753
AS A RESULT IN SOUTH L.A., WHERE

4679
02:44:33,753 --> 02:44:35,822
THE HELICOPTERS ARE REALLY

4680
02:44:35,822 --> 02:44:37,123
DEPLOYED AND TARGETED AS A

4681
02:44:37,123 --> 02:44:38,625
SOURCE OF MULTIGENERATIONAL

4682
02:44:38,625 --> 02:44:39,526
TRAUMA.

4683
02:44:39,526 --> 02:44:41,261
AND I THINK WHAT WE'RE

4684
02:44:41,261 --> 02:44:42,796
DISCOVERING IS THIS IS A LONG

4685
02:44:42,796 --> 02:44:42,996
HAUL.

4686
02:44:42,996 --> 02:44:45,198
IT REALLY REQUIRES LONG-TERM

4687
02:44:45,198 --> 02:44:45,498
INVESTMENT.

4688
02:44:45,498 --> 02:44:48,835
WE HAVE TO RENDER AND BRIDGE

4689
02:44:48,835 --> 02:44:49,669
CONCEPTUAL -- WE HAVE TO COME UP

4690
02:44:49,669 --> 02:44:51,605
WITH BRIDGING CONCEPTUAL FRAME

4691
02:44:51,605 --> 02:44:55,242
WORKS AND SHARED LANGUAGES, NEW

4692
02:44:55,242 --> 02:44:56,376
RELATIONSHIPS, NEW FORMS OF

4693
02:44:56,376 --> 02:44:57,911
RELATIONSHIPS NOT ONLY ACROSS

4694
02:44:57,911 --> 02:45:00,880
DISCIPLINES BUT ALSO WITH

4695
02:45:00,880 --> 02:45:01,781
MARGINALIZED COMMUNITY MEMBERS.

4696
02:45:01,781 --> 02:45:04,684
AND MY QUESTION FOR NIDA AND

4697
02:45:04,684 --> 02:45:06,086
FOUR FUNDERS IN GENERAL IS, HOW

4698
02:45:06,086 --> 02:45:08,555
DO YOU TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE

4699
02:45:08,555 --> 02:45:11,891
PROFOUND NATURE OF THIS

4700
02:45:11,891 --> 02:45:12,759
UNDERTAKING?

4701
02:45:12,759 --> 02:45:14,094
THE LONG TERM INVESTMENT THAT

4702
02:45:14,094 --> 02:45:16,196
WILL PROBABLY BE NEEDED AND ALSO

4703
02:45:16,196 --> 02:45:18,098
THE INVESTMENT AND TRAINING

4704
02:45:18,098 --> 02:45:20,900
SCHOLARS THAT HAVE MULTIPLE

4705
02:45:20,900 --> 02:45:23,670
SKILLS AND CAN CROSS

4706
02:45:23,670 --> 02:45:25,672
DISCIPLINES, MULTI-LANGUAGES,

4707
02:45:25,672 --> 02:45:26,973
MULTI-CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORKS?

4708
02:45:26,973 --> 02:45:28,875
THAT'S A VERY BIG LIFT, BUT I

4709
02:45:28,875 --> 02:45:30,677
THINK ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY AT

4710
02:45:30,677 --> 02:45:31,745
THIS MOMENT AS WE RECOGNIZE THAT

4711
02:45:31,745 --> 02:45:33,246
THIS IS EXACTLY THE KIND OF

4712
02:45:33,246 --> 02:45:34,948
SCIENCE THAT WILL BRING US

4713
02:45:34,948 --> 02:45:38,618
FORWARD.

4714
02:45:38,618 --> 02:45:40,820
>> THANKS FOR RAISING
THAT, AND

4715
02:45:40,820 --> 02:45:42,922
I THINK MAYBE WE CAN HELP SOME

4716
02:45:42,922 --> 02:45:44,324
MORE OFFLINE ABOUT YOUR PILOT

4717
02:45:44,324 --> 02:45:46,826
PROJECT AND HOW THOSE IDEAS

4718
02:45:46,826 --> 02:45:47,927
MIGHT INFLUENCE THE WAYS THAT WE

4719
02:45:47,927 --> 02:45:49,729
THINK ABOUT STRUCTURING SCIENCE

4720
02:45:49,729 --> 02:45:52,732
AS WE'RE PUSHING THIS FORWARD AS

4721
02:45:52,732 --> 02:45:52,932
WELL.

4722
02:45:52,932 --> 02:45:54,167
WE'RE VERY FORTUNATE, VANI AND I

4723
02:45:54,167 --> 02:45:58,938
GET TO TALK A LOT, AND THIS IS

4724
02:45:58,938 --> 02:46:00,674
VERY MUCH -- IT IS A LONG-TERM,

4725
02:46:00,674 --> 02:46:02,108
IT IS A LONG-TERM PROJECT, AND

4726
02:46:02,108 --> 02:46:03,877
WE'VE BEEN REALLY FORTUNATE, FOR

4727
02:46:03,877 --> 02:46:07,781
EXAMPLE, WORKING REALLY CLOSELY

4728
02:46:07,781 --> 02:46:08,715
TOGETHER ON THE NATIVE RACIAL

4729
02:46:08,715 --> 02:46:10,016
EQUITY INITIATIVE WHERE WE HAD A

4730
02:46:10,016 --> 02:46:11,084
FRAMEWORK AND LOTS OF SUPPORT

4731
02:46:11,084 --> 02:46:13,353
FROM OTHER PROGRAM STAFF AT NIDA

4732
02:46:13,353 --> 02:46:17,123
TO REALLY THINK ABOUT HOW OUR

4733
02:46:17,123 --> 02:46:18,325
DIFFERENT SCIENCES COULD WORK

4734
02:46:18,325 --> 02:46:22,095
TOGETHER IN THAT SPACE, AND I

4735
02:46:22,095 --> 02:46:23,163
EXPECT THAT WE'LL LEARN A LOT AS

4736
02:46:23,163 --> 02:46:26,633
THAT COLLABORATIVE CONTINUES AS

4737
02:46:26,633 --> 02:46:27,901
WELL, IT'S STILL VERY EARLY DAYS

4738
02:46:27,901 --> 02:46:28,768
FOR IT.

4739
02:46:28,768 --> 02:46:30,770
WE HAVE A WHOLE OTHER COHORT TO

4740
02:46:30,770 --> 02:46:32,138
FUND SO I'M HOPING IN A COUPLE

4741
02:46:32,138 --> 02:46:34,307
YEARS EVEN WE MIGHT HAVE LIKE A

4742
02:46:34,307 --> 02:46:35,675
PUBLIC MEETING IN WHICH WE COULD

4743
02:46:35,675 --> 02:46:39,012
TALK WITH INVESTIGATORS IN THE

4744
02:46:39,012 --> 02:46:39,846
COORDINATING CENTER TO KIND OF

4745
02:46:39,846 --> 02:46:41,781
START TO GET AT THIS LIKE HOW DO

4746
02:46:41,781 --> 02:46:44,017
YOU REALLY WORK WITH

4747
02:46:44,017 --> 02:46:46,219
NEUROSCIENCE PROJECT AND AN

4748
02:46:46,219 --> 02:46:47,687
APPLIED PROJECT AND ALL OF THE

4749
02:46:47,687 --> 02:46:49,155
DIFFERENT COMMUNITY MEMBERS THAT

4750
02:46:49,155 --> 02:46:50,590
ARE GOING TO BE INTERESTED IN

4751
02:46:50,590 --> 02:46:53,460
THE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS THAT ARE

4752
02:46:53,460 --> 02:46:54,961
INVOLVED, TO PUSH IN THE SAME

4753
02:46:54,961 --> 02:46:55,995
DIRECTION.

4754
02:46:55,995 --> 02:46:59,466
>> THANK YOU.

4755
02:46:59,466 --> 02:47:03,503
>> CAN I JUST ADD TO THE

4756
02:47:03,503 --> 02:47:05,638
QUESTION ABOUT THIS BEING SUCH A

4757
02:47:05,638 --> 02:47:07,440
HUGE UNDERTAKING, ABSOLUTELY,

4758
02:47:07,440 --> 02:47:09,109
BUT WE DID THIS ONCE WITH

4759
02:47:09,109 --> 02:47:09,609
GENOMICS, RIGHT?

4760
02:47:09,609 --> 02:47:11,244
I DON'T KNOW THAT WE EVER

4761
02:47:11,244 --> 02:47:12,779
APPRECIATED HOW MUCH WORK WOULD

4762
02:47:12,779 --> 02:47:13,480
GO INTO IT, HOW MUCH TIME WOULD

4763
02:47:13,480 --> 02:47:15,315
GO INTO IT, AND IT PAID OFF SO

4764
02:47:15,315 --> 02:47:16,149
WELL.

4765
02:47:16,149 --> 02:47:17,417
AND I THINK WE'RE BASICALLY

4766
02:47:17,417 --> 02:47:18,685
DOING THE SAME THING AGAIN NOW

4767
02:47:18,685 --> 02:47:19,719
IN TRYING TO UNDERSTAND THE

4768
02:47:19,719 --> 02:47:23,189
ENVIRONMENT.

4769
02:47:23,189 --> 02:47:25,759
>> THANKS VERY MUCH.

4770
02:47:25,759 --> 02:47:31,598
[APPLAUSE]

4771
02:47:31,598 --> 02:47:32,565
>> THE NEXT PRESENTATION
IS

4772
02:47:32,565 --> 02:47:36,202
GOING TO BE GIVEN BARRE CHEL TI

4773
02:47:36,202 --> 02:47:38,671
LAJ FOR PEOPLE WITH LIVED OR

4774
02:47:38,671 --> 02:47:41,241
LIVING EXPERIENCES WORK GROUP.

4775
02:47:41,241 --> 02:47:45,678
AND SHE -- RAH CHEL IS  RACHEL E

4776
02:47:45,678 --> 02:47:46,946
JOINING US VIRTUALLY.

4777
02:47:46,946 --> 02:47:47,447
RACHEL, WELCOME.

4778
02:47:47,447 --> 02:47:47,814
>> HELLO.

4779
02:47:47,814 --> 02:47:49,015
CAN YOU HEAR ME OKAY?

4780
02:47:49,015 --> 02:47:50,350
>> WE CAN HEAR YOU VERY
WELL.

4781
02:47:50,350 --> 02:47:51,484
>> EXCELLENT.

4782
02:47:51,484 --> 02:47:51,684
OKAY.

4783
02:47:51,684 --> 02:47:52,919
LET ME GO AHEAD AND SHARE MY

4784
02:47:52,919 --> 02:48:03,062
SCREEN.

4785
02:48:23,349 --> 02:48:24,884
>> I'LL GO AHEAD AND GET

4786
02:48:24,884 --> 02:48:27,220
STARTED.

4787
02:48:27,220 --> 02:48:29,255
I THINK THIS PRESENTATION NICELY

4788
02:48:29,255 --> 02:48:30,824
FOLLOWS UP ON WHAT WE WERE JUST

4789
02:48:30,824 --> 02:48:32,091
TALKING ABOUT, ABOUT THE

4790
02:48:32,091 --> 02:48:33,226
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNITY

4791
02:48:33,226 --> 02:48:34,594
ENGAGEMENT AND ENGAGING PEOPLE

4792
02:48:34,594 --> 02:48:36,329
WITH LIVED EXPERIENCE.

4793
02:48:36,329 --> 02:48:37,664
SO I'M EXCITED TO PRESENT THIS

4794
02:48:37,664 --> 02:48:39,699
PROPOSAL TO YOU TO STAND UP A

4795
02:48:39,699 --> 02:48:40,967
WORK GROUP TO COUNCIL MADE UP OF

4796
02:48:40,967 --> 02:48:42,268
PEOPLE WITH LIVED AND LIVING

4797
02:48:42,268 --> 02:48:44,304
EXPERIENCE.

4798
02:48:44,304 --> 02:48:46,940
BY WAY OF BACKGROUND, AS WE WERE

4799
02:48:46,940 --> 02:48:48,675
JUST TALKING ABOUT, WE KNOW

4800
02:48:48,675 --> 02:48:49,709
ENGAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY PARTNERS

4801
02:48:49,709 --> 02:48:51,277
AND PEOPLE WITH LIVED AND LIVING

4802
02:48:51,277 --> 02:48:55,014
EXPERIENCE NOT JUST AS RESEARCH

4803
02:48:55,014 --> 02:48:56,549
PARTICIPANTS BUT ACTUALLY AS

4804
02:48:56,549 --> 02:48:57,517
ADVISORS AND PARTNERS IN THE

4805
02:48:57,517 --> 02:48:58,651
RESEARCH FROM THE CONCEPTION OF

4806
02:48:58,651 --> 02:49:01,788
A RESEARCH IDEA ALL THE WAY TO

4807
02:49:01,788 --> 02:49:05,291
RESULTS DISSEMINATION.

4808
02:49:05,291 --> 02:49:06,493
INCREASE RESEARCH QUALITY,

4809
02:49:06,493 --> 02:49:07,794
RESEARCH RELEVANCY AS WELL AS

4810
02:49:07,794 --> 02:49:09,462
THE UPTAKE OF RESEARCH FINDINGS.

4811
02:49:09,462 --> 02:49:12,732
AND RELEVANT NIDA FUNDING

4812
02:49:12,732 --> 02:49:13,933
OPPORTUNITIES HAVE OFTEN IN

4813
02:49:13,933 --> 02:49:14,968
RECENT YEARS INCLUDED A

4814
02:49:14,968 --> 02:49:16,703
REQUIREMENT FOR A PLAN TO ENGAGE

4815
02:49:16,703 --> 02:49:17,637
COMMUNITY PARTNERS OR

4816
02:49:17,637 --> 02:49:19,405
STAKEHOLDERS, SOMETIMES AS A

4817
02:49:19,405 --> 02:49:20,106
SCORABLE CRITERIA, BUT WE KNOW

4818
02:49:20,106 --> 02:49:21,941
THAT EVEN WHEN RESEARCHERS ARE

4819
02:49:21,941 --> 02:49:25,311
VERY WELL-INTENTIONED, AND

4820
02:49:25,311 --> 02:49:26,179
OFTENTIMES DEPENDING ON WHAT

4821
02:49:26,179 --> 02:49:28,248
FIELD THEY'RE COMING FROM,

4822
02:49:28,248 --> 02:49:28,848
DEPENDING HOW THINGS ARE DONE

4823
02:49:28,848 --> 02:49:30,116
AND HOW FAMILIAR RESEARCHERS ARE

4824
02:49:30,116 --> 02:49:32,218
IN WORKING WITH THE COMMUNITY

4825
02:49:32,218 --> 02:49:33,186
ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS, CAN MAYBE

4826
02:49:33,186 --> 02:49:38,191
NOT GO AS WELL AS THEY WERE HOPE

4827
02:49:38,191 --> 02:49:39,392
TO AND CAN EVEN CAUSE HARM AND

4828
02:49:39,392 --> 02:49:42,662
LEAD TO FEELINGS OF TOKENISM OR

4829
02:49:42,662 --> 02:49:43,663
CORRUPTION FROM COMMUNITY

4830
02:49:43,663 --> 02:49:44,097
PARTNER.

4831
02:49:44,097 --> 02:49:46,499
CURRENTLY THERE'S A LACK OF

4832
02:49:46,499 --> 02:49:47,367
ACCOUNTABILITY FROM RESEARCHERS

4833
02:49:47,367 --> 02:49:49,802
IN TERMS OF HOW THEY ENGAGE

4834
02:49:49,802 --> 02:49:51,838
PEOPLE WITH LIVED AND LIVING

4835
02:49:51,838 --> 02:49:52,338
EXPERIENCE IN RESEARCH.

4836
02:49:52,338 --> 02:49:53,973
WE ALSO KNOW THERE CAN BE A LOT

4837
02:49:53,973 --> 02:49:55,575
OF SYSTEMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL

4838
02:49:55,575 --> 02:49:57,644
BARRIERS TO RIGOROUS ENGAGEMENT

4839
02:49:57,644 --> 02:49:58,878
WORK, AND BECAUSE THERE'S A LOT

4840
02:49:58,878 --> 02:50:01,281
OF GROWING INTEREST IN INCLUDING

4841
02:50:01,281 --> 02:50:02,582
VOICES OF PEOPLE WITH LIVED

4842
02:50:02,582 --> 02:50:03,917
EXPERIENCE, NOT JUST IN

4843
02:50:03,917 --> 02:50:05,251
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER RESEARCH

4844
02:50:05,251 --> 02:50:06,986
BUT ACROSS MANY HEALTH

4845
02:50:06,986 --> 02:50:07,554
CONDITIONS.

4846
02:50:07,554 --> 02:50:08,388
THERE'S SOME INITIATIVES

4847
02:50:08,388 --> 02:50:09,589
CURRENTLY UNDERWAY AT THE

4848
02:50:09,589 --> 02:50:11,124
BROADER NIH-WIDE LEVEL THAT ARE

4849
02:50:11,124 --> 02:50:14,861
WORKING TO IDENTIFY AN NIH-WIDE

4850
02:50:14,861 --> 02:50:16,162
FRAMEWORK THAT CAN HOPEFULLY

4851
02:50:16,162 --> 02:50:18,264
HELP TO ENCOURAGE MORE

4852
02:50:18,264 --> 02:50:18,998
MEANINGFUL ENGAGEMENT AND

4853
02:50:18,998 --> 02:50:20,633
ADDRESS SOME OF THESE BARRIERS.

4854
02:50:20,633 --> 02:50:22,068
BUT WE ALSO KNOW THAT THE

4855
02:50:22,068 --> 02:50:23,603
POPULATION THAT WE'RE WORKING TO

4856
02:50:23,603 --> 02:50:25,471
HELP OF PEOPLE WHO USE DRUGS IS

4857
02:50:25,471 --> 02:50:27,040
UNIQUE IN MANY WAYS COMPARED TO

4858
02:50:27,040 --> 02:50:29,742
OTHER HEALTH CONDITIONS.

4859
02:50:29,742 --> 02:50:31,144
AGAIN, LIKE WE WERE JUST TALKING

4860
02:50:31,144 --> 02:50:33,646
ABOUT IN THE LAST CONVERSATION,

4861
02:50:33,646 --> 02:50:35,181
AND THIS COMMUNITY CAN REQUIRE

4862
02:50:35,181 --> 02:50:36,683
SPECIFIC ENGAGEMENT APPROACHES

4863
02:50:36,683 --> 02:50:39,252
THAT ARE SENSITIVE TO THE HIGH

4864
02:50:39,252 --> 02:50:40,787
LEVELS OF WIDESPREAD STIGMA

4865
02:50:40,787 --> 02:50:42,522
AGAINST PEOPLE WHO USE DRUGS AND

4866
02:50:42,522 --> 02:50:43,656
THE CRIMINALIZATION OF DRUG USE

4867
02:50:43,656 --> 02:50:46,392
AND ALL OF THE THINGS THAT CAN

4868
02:50:46,392 --> 02:50:48,661
FOLLOW FROM THAT.

4869
02:50:48,661 --> 02:50:52,432
SO WITH ALL OF THAT IN MIND, WE

4870
02:50:52,432 --> 02:50:53,800
PROPOSE THAT THIS WORK GROUP

4871
02:50:53,800 --> 02:50:57,503
PROVIDE INPUT AND FEEDBACK TO

4872
02:50:57,503 --> 02:51:01,507
HELP US DEVELOP A SET OF NIDA

4873
02:51:01,507 --> 02:51:02,909
WIDEN GAUGEMENT GUIDELINES OR

4874
02:51:02,909 --> 02:51:04,310
STANDARDS THAT CAN ADDRESS THE

4875
02:51:04,310 --> 02:51:05,878
UNIQUE SENSITIVITIES THAT PEOPLE

4876
02:51:05,878 --> 02:51:06,646
WITH LIVED AND LIVING EXPERIENCE

4877
02:51:06,646 --> 02:51:07,814
WITH DRUG USE FACE AND THEN WE

4878
02:51:07,814 --> 02:51:09,582
CAN TURN THIS INTO A PUBLIC

4879
02:51:09,582 --> 02:51:10,316
FACING WEBPAGE WHERE WE CAN

4880
02:51:10,316 --> 02:51:12,685
SHARE THE GUIDELINES AS WELL AS

4881
02:51:12,685 --> 02:51:13,853
UP TO DATE AND HELPFUL RESOURCES

4882
02:51:13,853 --> 02:51:15,355
ABOUT HOW TO IMPLEM THESE

4883
02:51:15,355 --> 02:51:16,656
GUIDELINES, AND OBVIOUSLY THIS

4884
02:51:16,656 --> 02:51:17,957
WON'T FIX ANYTHING BUT REVIEWING

4885
02:51:17,957 --> 02:51:20,593
THIS IS ONE STEP TO HELP

4886
02:51:20,593 --> 02:51:21,861
INCREASE THE ACCOUNTABILITY AND

4887
02:51:21,861 --> 02:51:23,029
FOSTER MORE MEANINGFUL

4888
02:51:23,029 --> 02:51:24,731
ENGAGEMENT IN NIDA-FUNDED

4889
02:51:24,731 --> 02:51:25,098
RESEARCH.

4890
02:51:25,098 --> 02:51:27,033
THE IDEA FOR THIS WORK GROUP HAS

4891
02:51:27,033 --> 02:51:28,201
REALLY COME ABOUT OVER THE LAST

4892
02:51:28,201 --> 02:51:28,401
YEAR.

4893
02:51:28,401 --> 02:51:30,069
WE'VE BEEN HAVING CONVERSATIONS

4894
02:51:30,069 --> 02:51:31,971
WITH COMMUNITY GROUPS AND PEOPLE

4895
02:51:31,971 --> 02:51:33,740
WITH LIVED EXPERIENCE WHO HAVE

4896
02:51:33,740 --> 02:51:34,741
BEEN INVOLVED IN RESEARCH IN THE

4897
02:51:34,741 --> 02:51:35,775
PAST.

4898
02:51:35,775 --> 02:51:36,909
AS WELL AS INTERNAL

4899
02:51:36,909 --> 02:51:39,545
CONVERSATIONS WITH PROGRAM

4900
02:51:39,545 --> 02:51:40,013
STAFF.

4901
02:51:40,013 --> 02:51:41,247
SO WE'RE BEING VERY MINDFUL THAT

4902
02:51:41,247 --> 02:51:42,949
THIS EFFORT IS NOT DUPLICATIVE

4903
02:51:42,949 --> 02:51:44,851
TO ONGOING EFFORTS AT NIDA AND

4904
02:51:44,851 --> 02:51:46,552
AS WELL AS THE ONES ACROSS NIH

4905
02:51:46,552 --> 02:51:48,855
MORE BROADLY, AND THAT THIS WILL

4906
02:51:48,855 --> 02:51:50,490
REALLY WORK TO STRENGTHEN

4907
02:51:50,490 --> 02:51:51,591
ONGOING EFFORTS YOU KNOW WITHIN

4908
02:51:51,591 --> 02:51:53,926
DIFFERENT PARTS OF NIDA AND KIND

4909
02:51:53,926 --> 02:51:56,295
OF CREATE A NIDA-WIDE FRAMEWORK

4910
02:51:56,295 --> 02:51:59,499
THAT CAN BE RELIED UPON.

4911
02:51:59,499 --> 02:52:01,334
SO THE WORK GROUP MEMBERS WILL

4912
02:52:01,334 --> 02:52:05,304
BE A DIVERSE GROUP OF PEOPLE

4913
02:52:05,304 --> 02:52:06,873
WITH DIVERSE REPRESENTATION

4914
02:52:06,873 --> 02:52:08,241
ACROSS RACIAL AND ETHNIC

4915
02:52:08,241 --> 02:52:09,042
IDENTITIES, GEOGRAPHIC

4916
02:52:09,042 --> 02:52:11,544
LOCATIONS, AGES, GENDERS,

4917
02:52:11,544 --> 02:52:13,413
EXPERIENCES WITH SUBSTANCE USE

4918
02:52:13,413 --> 02:52:14,714
DISORDER TREATMENT SYSTEM, THE

4919
02:52:14,714 --> 02:52:16,582
CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEM AND AS

4920
02:52:16,582 --> 02:52:17,316
WELL AS DIFFERENT EXPERIENCES

4921
02:52:17,316 --> 02:52:21,487
WITH RESEARCH.

4922
02:52:21,487 --> 02:52:23,589
WE'RE PLANNING ON RECRUITING

4923
02:52:23,589 --> 02:52:25,058
MEMBERS TO A PUBLIC CALL THAT WE

4924
02:52:25,058 --> 02:52:26,125
CAN DISSEMINATE THROUGH A

4925
02:52:26,125 --> 02:52:27,660
VARIETY OF CHANNELS INCLUDING

4926
02:52:27,660 --> 02:52:28,494
COMMUNITY PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS

4927
02:52:28,494 --> 02:52:29,495
SUCH AS HARM REDUCTION

4928
02:52:29,495 --> 02:52:31,864
ORGANIZATIONS, DRUG USER UNIONS,

4929
02:52:31,864 --> 02:52:32,965
BECAUSE WE'RE REALLY HOPING THAT

4930
02:52:32,965 --> 02:52:34,434
WE CAN REACH PEOPLE THAT WE MAY

4931
02:52:34,434 --> 02:52:36,369
NOT HAVE HEARD FROM BEFORE IN

4932
02:52:36,369 --> 02:52:41,240
OTHER INITIATIVES.

4933
02:52:41,240 --> 02:52:43,409
THE WEBPAGE PRODUCT THAT WE SEE

4934
02:52:43,409 --> 02:52:45,178
AS KIND OF THE MAIN OUTPUT FROM

4935
02:52:45,178 --> 02:52:48,047
THIS WORK GROUP WILL SERVE AS A

4936
02:52:48,047 --> 02:52:48,815
RESOURCE FOR BOTH THE RESEARCH

4937
02:52:48,815 --> 02:52:50,016
COMMUNITY AS THEY WORK ON

4938
02:52:50,016 --> 02:52:52,852
APPLYING FOR AND CARRYING OUT

4939
02:52:52,852 --> 02:52:53,986
NIDA-FUNDED GRANTS AS WELL AS A

4940
02:52:53,986 --> 02:52:58,024
RESOURCE FOR THE COMMUNITY OF

4941
02:52:58,024 --> 02:53:00,426
PEOPLE WITH LIVED AND LIVING

4942
02:53:00,426 --> 02:53:01,761
EXPERIENCE WHO ARE INTERESTED IN

4943
02:53:01,761 --> 02:53:02,695
RESEARCH, SO FUNDING

4944
02:53:02,695 --> 02:53:04,097
OPPORTUNITIES THAT COME OUT

4945
02:53:04,097 --> 02:53:06,299
AFTER THIS WEBPAGE IS UP WILL BE

4946
02:53:06,299 --> 02:53:08,067
ABLE TO LINK TO THIS WEBPAGE TO

4947
02:53:08,067 --> 02:53:09,669
HELP THOSE APPLICANTS AND

4948
02:53:09,669 --> 02:53:10,837
COMMUNITY PARTNERS REALLY

4949
02:53:10,837 --> 02:53:13,873
UNDERSTAND NIDA'S PRIORITIES

4950
02:53:13,873 --> 02:53:16,109
AND -- UP TO DATE RESOURCES.

4951
02:53:16,109 --> 02:53:18,911
SO THAT'S OUR PLAN IN A

4952
02:53:18,911 --> 02:53:19,946
NUTSHELL.

4953
02:53:19,946 --> 02:53:22,415
THIS SLIDE IS SHOWING THE

4954
02:53:22,415 --> 02:53:24,217
OFFICIAL WORK GROUP COLLAR TER,

4955
02:53:24,217 --> 02:53:30,790
CHARTER SO IWILL READ THIS QUICN

4956
02:53:30,790 --> 02:53:32,825
OPEN IT UP FOR DISCUSSION.

4957
02:53:32,825 --> 02:53:34,393
SO THE COUNCIL WILL CONVENE A

4958
02:53:34,393 --> 02:53:35,595
WORKING GROUP TO ADVISE ON WAYS

4959
02:53:35,595 --> 02:53:36,863
TO ENHANCE AND INCREASE

4960
02:53:36,863 --> 02:53:37,764
MEANINGFUL ENGAGEMENT OF PEOPLE

4961
02:53:37,764 --> 02:53:39,432
WHO HAVE LIVED AND LIVING

4962
02:53:39,432 --> 02:53:43,069
EXPERIENCE WITH DRUG USE IN

4963
02:53:43,069 --> 02:53:43,903
NIDA-FUNDED RESEARCH.

4964
02:53:43,903 --> 02:53:45,104
SUGGESTIONS AND PRIORITIES

4965
02:53:45,104 --> 02:53:46,005
IDENTIFIED BY THE WORKING GROUP

4966
02:53:46,005 --> 02:53:47,540
WILL INFORM A WEBPAGE THAT

4967
02:53:47,540 --> 02:53:49,575
SUMMARIZES NIDA'S EXPECTATIONS

4968
02:53:49,575 --> 02:53:50,276
FOR RESEARCHER ENGAGEMENT OF

4969
02:53:50,276 --> 02:53:51,611
PEOPLE WITH LIVED AND LIVING

4970
02:53:51,611 --> 02:53:52,445
EXPERIENCE WITH DRUG USE AND

4971
02:53:52,445 --> 02:53:55,314
WILL BE PRESENTED TO COUNCIL.

4972
02:53:55,314 --> 02:53:57,150
WORKING GROUP MEMBERSHIP WILL

4973
02:53:57,150 --> 02:53:57,784
INCLUDE COUNCILMEMBERS AND

4974
02:53:57,784 --> 02:53:59,152
COMMUNITY MEMBERS WITH

4975
02:53:59,152 --> 02:54:00,887
APPROPRIATE EXPERTISE, WHICH

4976
02:54:00,887 --> 02:54:02,288
INCLUDES PEOPLE WITH CURRENT OR

4977
02:54:02,288 --> 02:54:03,756
FORMER EXPERIENCE WITH DRUG USE

4978
02:54:03,756 --> 02:54:05,291
THEMSELVES OR AS A FAMILY MEMBER

4979
02:54:05,291 --> 02:54:06,592
OR CAREGIVER OF SOMEONE WHO HAS

4980
02:54:06,592 --> 02:54:08,728
USED DRUGS.

4981
02:54:08,728 --> 02:54:13,566
THAT IS WHAT I HAVE.

4982
02:54:13,566 --> 02:54:13,733
 FOR

4983
02:54:13,733 --> 02:54:14,066
PRESENTATION.

4984
02:54:14,066 --> 02:54:18,371
I WILL STOP SHARING MY SCREEN.

4985
02:54:18,371 --> 02:54:20,206
>> RACHEL, THANKS VERY
MUCH.

4986
02:54:20,206 --> 02:54:21,007
NOW WE HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR

4987
02:54:21,007 --> 02:54:31,417
COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS.

4988
02:54:31,918 --> 02:54:32,585
YES, REGINA, PLEASE.

4989
02:54:32,585 --> 02:54:34,687
>> THANKS FOR THIS,
RACHEL.

4990
02:54:34,687 --> 02:54:38,257
I HAD A COUPLE QUESTIONS.

4991
02:54:38,257 --> 02:54:43,396
AND IT MAY BE TOO EARLY IN THE

4992
02:54:43,396 --> 02:54:45,698
PROCESS FOR THIS, BUT AT

4993
02:54:45,698 --> 02:54:46,732
GEORGETOWN, WE ALWAYS INVOLVE

4994
02:54:46,732 --> 02:54:47,934
PEOPLE WITH LIVED EXPERIENCE IN

4995
02:54:47,934 --> 02:54:50,770
ALL OF OUR WORK AND WE ALWAYS

4996
02:54:50,770 --> 02:54:53,472
PAY THEM FOR THEIR TIME.

4997
02:54:53,472 --> 02:54:54,740
SO THE QUESTION IS WHETHER OR

4998
02:54:54,740 --> 02:54:56,175
NOT THERE WOULD BE A

4999
02:54:56,175 --> 02:54:57,810
CONSIDERATION FOR RESEARCHERS TO

5000
02:54:57,810 --> 02:55:01,047
BUILD THIS IN TO GRANTS

5001
02:55:01,047 --> 02:55:04,584
PROVIDING PEOPLE WITH AN

5002
02:55:04,584 --> 02:55:04,851
HONORARIA.

5003
02:55:04,851 --> 02:55:07,186
THAT WAS MY FIRST.

5004
02:55:07,186 --> 02:55:11,524
>> SORRY -- YES, I THINK

5005
02:55:11,524 --> 02:55:12,959
THAT'S -- WELL, FIRST FROM OUR

5006
02:55:12,959 --> 02:55:14,160
END, WE WILL DEFINITELY BE

5007
02:55:14,160 --> 02:55:15,728
COMPENSATING THE PEOPLE WITH

5008
02:55:15,728 --> 02:55:16,762
LIVED EXPERIENCE WHO WILL BE ON

5009
02:55:16,762 --> 02:55:18,130
OUR WORKING GROUP.

5010
02:55:18,130 --> 02:55:20,066
AND I THINK THAT THAT IS LIKELY

5011
02:55:20,066 --> 02:55:21,667
THE KIND OF RECOMMENDATION THAT

5012
02:55:21,667 --> 02:55:23,536
MIGHT END UP IN THE GUIDELINES,

5013
02:55:23,536 --> 02:55:25,738
SOMETHING AROUND, YOU KNOW,

5014
02:55:25,738 --> 02:55:26,405
FINANCIAL COMPENSATION FOR

5015
02:55:26,405 --> 02:55:29,675
COMMUNITY PARTNERS SINCE THAT IS

5016
02:55:29,675 --> 02:55:30,943
SUCH AN IMPORTANT ISSUE THAT'S

5017
02:55:30,943 --> 02:55:32,778
OFTEN FRAUGHT WITH CHALLENGES.

5018
02:55:32,778 --> 02:55:34,947
>> THEN MY SECOND
QUESTION,

5019
02:55:34,947 --> 02:55:39,685
UNDERSTANDING THIS IS FOR NIDA,

5020
02:55:39,685 --> 02:55:40,653
PEOPLE OFTEN USE ALCOHOL AND

5021
02:55:40,653 --> 02:55:42,388
OTHER DRUGS, IF THERE'S ANY

5022
02:55:42,388 --> 02:55:43,122
CONSIDERATION GIVEN TO OPENING

5023
02:55:43,122 --> 02:55:44,423
IT UP TO ALCOHOL AND OTHER

5024
02:55:44,423 --> 02:55:47,793
DRUGS.

5025
02:55:47,793 --> 02:55:49,395
>> I THINK THAT'S A GREAT
IDEA.

5026
02:55:49,395 --> 02:55:51,264
WE HAVEN'T PUT ANY LIMITATIONS

5027
02:55:51,264 --> 02:55:52,565
AROUND SPECIFIC TYPES OF DRUGS.

5028
02:55:52,565 --> 02:55:54,433
I THINK WE'RE REALLY LOOKING FOR

5029
02:55:54,433 --> 02:55:58,037
A BROAD PERSPECTIVE AND SINCE

5030
02:55:58,037 --> 02:56:02,742
MOST PEOTHOSE PEOPLE USE A LOT F

5031
02:56:02,742 --> 02:56:04,076
SUBSTANCES AS YOU INDICATED I

5032
02:56:04,076 --> 02:56:05,311
THINK THAT COULD DEFINITELY BE A

5033
02:56:05,311 --> 02:56:05,611
POSSIBILITY.

5034
02:56:05,611 --> 02:56:06,512
>> IT WOULD MAKE A LOT OF
SENSE

5035
02:56:06,512 --> 02:56:08,447
BECAUSE ALCOHOL IS SO PREVALENT

5036
02:56:08,447 --> 02:56:09,882
IN ALL OF THE SUBSTANCES, AND

5037
02:56:09,882 --> 02:56:11,150
THAT IS THE REALITY AND THAT'S

5038
02:56:11,150 --> 02:56:19,392
WHAT WE WANT TO GET, REAL LIFE.

5039
02:56:19,392 --> 02:56:24,630
ANY OTHER QUESTIONS?

5040
02:56:24,630 --> 02:56:26,699
>> WE HAVE TO TAKE A VOTE.

5041
02:56:26,699 --> 02:56:28,401
SO THIS IS BASICALLY BROUGHT TO

5042
02:56:28,401 --> 02:56:29,735
YOUR ATTENTION SO THAT WE COULD

5043
02:56:29,735 --> 02:56:31,003
VOTE -- OH, I SEE THERE WAS

5044
02:56:31,003 --> 02:56:31,671
ANOTHER QUESTION.

5045
02:56:31,671 --> 02:56:35,808
DEBORAH, DID YOU HAVE --

5046
02:56:35,808 --> 02:56:37,743
>> YEAH.

5047
02:56:37,743 --> 02:56:39,412
JUST DETAILS.

5048
02:56:39,412 --> 02:56:40,913
I'M VERY EXCITED YOU'RE DOING

5049
02:56:40,913 --> 02:56:41,948
THIS.

5050
02:56:41,948 --> 02:56:47,820
I ACTUALLY WONDERED HOW MUCH

5051
02:56:47,820 --> 02:56:51,590
INPUT THE MEMBERS WILL HAVE IN

5052
02:56:51,590 --> 02:56:54,193
LEADING ITSELF OR, YOU KNOW,

5053
02:56:54,193 --> 02:56:56,228
DETERMINING MEETINGS AND THE

5054
02:56:56,228 --> 02:56:58,664
CHARTER, YOU KNOW, EXPANDING THE

5055
02:56:58,664 --> 02:56:59,632
CHARTER, HOW DECISIONS WILL BE

5056
02:56:59,632 --> 02:57:01,334
MADE, IF THEY'RE REQUIRED TO

5057
02:57:01,334 --> 02:57:03,202
MAKE DECISIONS, WHAT KIND OF

5058
02:57:03,202 --> 02:57:09,508
INPUT WILL THE MEMBERSHIP HAVE

5059
02:57:09,508 --> 02:57:11,610
ON THE THINGS THAT WE'LL DO AND

5060
02:57:11,610 --> 02:57:12,445
SO ON.

5061
02:57:12,445 --> 02:57:15,081
SO JUST SORT OF THINKING ABOUT

5062
02:57:15,081 --> 02:57:16,482
THE PICTURE OF WHAT IT'S GOING

5063
02:57:16,482 --> 02:57:18,050
TO LOOK LIKE WHEN IT'S

5064
02:57:18,050 --> 02:57:18,384
IMPLEMENTED.

5065
02:57:18,384 --> 02:57:19,251
>> WE'RE DEFINITELY IN THE
EARLY

5066
02:57:19,251 --> 02:57:21,754
STAGES BUT I WILL SAY WE HAVE

5067
02:57:21,754 --> 02:57:22,788
WRITTEN THE CHARTER IN A WAY WE

5068
02:57:22,788 --> 02:57:23,889
ARE TRYING TO KEEP IT BROAD SO

5069
02:57:23,889 --> 02:57:25,658
WE CAN BE VERY FLEXIBLE TO WHAT

5070
02:57:25,658 --> 02:57:27,059
WE HEAR FROM THE WORK GROUP

5071
02:57:27,059 --> 02:57:29,261
MEMBERS, SO I THINK WE WANT TO

5072
02:57:29,261 --> 02:57:30,563
BE OPEN TO WHATEVER IDEAS THEY

5073
02:57:30,563 --> 02:57:32,365
COME TO THE TABLE WITH AND, YOU

5074
02:57:32,365 --> 02:57:33,532
KNOW, BE AS FLEXIBLE AS

5075
02:57:33,532 --> 02:57:40,206
POSSIBLE.

5076
02:57:40,206 --> 02:57:43,075
>> NO MORE QUESTIONS.

5077
02:57:43,075 --> 02:57:43,376
>> OKAY.

5078
02:57:43,376 --> 02:57:44,610
SO ONCE AGAIN, WE'RE BRINGING

5079
02:57:44,610 --> 02:57:46,746
THIS TO YOU AS AN IDEA FOR THIS

5080
02:57:46,746 --> 02:57:48,447
WORK GROUP, AND WE WOULD LIKE --

5081
02:57:48,447 --> 02:57:49,782
WE NEED TO GET A VOTE FROM YOU

5082
02:57:49,782 --> 02:57:50,950
ON WHETHER YOU THINK THIS IS

5083
02:57:50,950 --> 02:57:52,018
SOMETHING THAT WE SHOULD DO AND

5084
02:57:52,018 --> 02:57:53,486
IF YOU ARE OKAY WITH IT, THEN WE

5085
02:57:53,486 --> 02:57:56,522
WILL START TO MOVE FORWARD WITH

5086
02:57:56,522 --> 02:57:57,790
SETTING UP -- THIS IS A WORK

5087
02:57:57,790 --> 02:57:59,291
GROUP THAT'S ADVISORY TO

5088
02:57:59,291 --> 02:58:00,526
COUNCIL.

5089
02:58:00,526 --> 02:58:02,328
SO CAN I GET A MOTION TO

5090
02:58:02,328 --> 02:58:04,563
APPROVE?

5091
02:58:04,563 --> 02:58:04,997
SECOND?

5092
02:58:04,997 --> 02:58:06,732
ALL IN FAVOR?

5093
02:58:06,732 --> 02:58:07,400
OKAY.

5094
02:58:07,400 --> 02:58:07,633
GREAT.

5095
02:58:07,633 --> 02:58:09,635
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

5096
02:58:09,635 --> 02:58:10,369
APPRECIATE IT.

5097
02:58:10,369 --> 02:58:12,104
AND YOU'LL BE HEARING MORE ABOUT

5098
02:58:12,104 --> 02:58:12,671
THIS.

5099
02:58:12,671 --> 02:58:15,608
THANKS, RACHEL.

5100
02:58:15,608 --> 02:58:16,542
>> THANKS MUCH.

5101
02:58:16,542 --> 02:58:18,044
NOW WE GO INTO THE SECTION OF

5102
02:58:18,044 --> 02:58:19,678
OUR PROGRAM WHICH IS THE CONCEPT

5103
02:58:19,678 --> 02:58:22,114
CLEARANCE FROM NIDA STAFF.

5104
02:58:22,114 --> 02:58:24,250
AND TODAY WE ONLY HAVE ONE

5105
02:58:24,250 --> 02:58:25,751
DIVISION PRESENTING.

5106
02:58:25,751 --> 02:58:27,720
AND IT IS THE DIVISION OF

5107
02:58:27,720 --> 02:58:28,554
NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR, AND

5108
02:58:28,554 --> 02:58:32,324
IT'S GOING TO BE PRESENTED BY --

5109
02:58:32,324 --> 02:58:34,627
WHO'S GOING TO BE PRESENTING TWO

5110
02:58:34,627 --> 02:58:44,804
CONCEPTS.

5111
02:59:16,969 --> 02:59:17,770
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

5112
02:59:17,770 --> 02:59:19,438
IT IS MY PLEASURE TO PRESENT TWO

5113
02:59:19,438 --> 02:59:20,873
CONCEPT TODAY ON BEHALF OF MY

5114
02:59:20,873 --> 02:59:28,013
DIVISION AT DNB.

5115
02:59:28,013 --> 02:59:31,750
SO THIS FIRST ONE IS CEBRA,

5116
02:59:31,750 --> 02:59:32,785
CUTTING EDGE BASIC RESEARCH

5117
02:59:32,785 --> 02:59:33,219
AWARDS.

5118
02:59:33,219 --> 02:59:35,754
THIS IS ACTUALLY RELEVANT TO A

5119
02:59:35,754 --> 02:59:36,789
QUESTION THAT WAS ASKED EARLIER

5120
02:59:36,789 --> 02:59:38,390
TODAY ABOUT NIDA PROGRAMS THAT

5121
02:59:38,390 --> 02:59:40,726
SUPPORT HIGH RISK INNOVATIVE

5122
02:59:40,726 --> 02:59:41,560
RESEARCH.

5123
02:59:41,560 --> 02:59:43,229
CEBRA IS A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY

5124
02:59:43,229 --> 02:59:44,330
THAT NIDA PRESENTS TO

5125
02:59:44,330 --> 02:59:46,232
INVESTIGATORS LOOKING TO ADD NEW

5126
02:59:46,232 --> 02:59:47,867
PERSPECTIVES TO THE FIELD OF

5127
02:59:47,867 --> 02:59:50,302
ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE.

5128
02:59:50,302 --> 02:59:52,571
CEBRA ENCOURAGES PROPOSERS TO

5129
02:59:52,571 --> 02:59:53,839
PRESENT BOLD, TECHNICALLY

5130
02:59:53,839 --> 02:59:55,374
AUDACIOUS PROPOSALS WITH A

5131
02:59:55,374 --> 02:59:58,244
STRONG RATIONALE BUT PRACTICAL

5132
02:59:58,244 --> 02:59:59,979
DEMONSTRATION TO DEVELOP INTO

5133
02:59:59,979 --> 03:00:01,647
THE NEXT GENERATION OF TRANSPORT

5134
03:00:01,647 --> 03:00:02,314
TRANSFORMATIVE CAPABILITIES.

5135
03:00:02,314 --> 03:00:04,750
THE PROGRAM IS INTENDED AS A

5136
03:00:04,750 --> 03:00:06,252
RISK TOLERANT ENVIRONMENT THAT

5137
03:00:06,252 --> 03:00:08,988
PRESENTS OPPORTUNITIES TO APPLY

5138
03:00:08,988 --> 03:00:10,422
NOVEL TOOLS OR APPLY NOVEL

5139
03:00:10,422 --> 03:00:12,091
APPROACHES THAT IF SUCCESSFUL

5140
03:00:12,091 --> 03:00:13,192
WOULD POINT IN NEW DIRECTS AND

5141
03:00:13,192 --> 03:00:14,393
INCREASE THE DEPTH AND BREADTH

5142
03:00:14,393 --> 03:00:15,728
OF WHAT IS POSSIBLE WITH

5143
03:00:15,728 --> 03:00:16,962
FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH.

5144
03:00:16,962 --> 03:00:19,165
THE SECOND CONCEPT IS THE

5145
03:00:19,165 --> 03:00:19,932
HEALTHY BRAIN --

5146
03:00:19,932 --> 03:00:21,467
>> YOU MIGHT WANT TO JUST
STOP

5147
03:00:21,467 --> 03:00:23,903
AND ASK FOR COMMENTS BECAUSE

5148
03:00:23,903 --> 03:00:24,370
THEY'RE SO DIFFERENT.

5149
03:00:24,370 --> 03:00:26,172
ARE THERE ANY COMMENTS?

5150
03:00:26,172 --> 03:00:32,678
ON CEBRA?

5151
03:00:32,678 --> 03:00:34,547
>> OKAY, I WILL MOVE ON TO
THE

5152
03:00:34,547 --> 03:00:34,813
NEXT ONE.

5153
03:00:34,813 --> 03:00:36,448
THIS IS THE HEALTHY BRAIN AND

5154
03:00:36,448 --> 03:00:38,551
CHILD DEVELOPMENT OR HBCD STUDY.

5155
03:00:38,551 --> 03:00:39,618
THIS CONCEPT PROPOSES A

5156
03:00:39,618 --> 03:00:41,754
COMPETITIVE RENEWAL OF THE HBCD

5157
03:00:41,754 --> 03:00:43,489
STUDY AND EXTEND THE PROGRAM

5158
03:00:43,489 --> 03:00:45,424
PAST THE END OF ITS CURRENT

5159
03:00:45,424 --> 03:00:48,627
PROJECT PERIOD ON JUNE 30TH,

5160
03:00:48,627 --> 03:00:48,827
2026.

5161
03:00:48,827 --> 03:00:51,197
USING A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDAL

5162
03:00:51,197 --> 03:00:54,133
DESIGN, THE HBCD STUDY AIMS TO

5163
03:00:54,133 --> 03:00:57,736
FOLLOW APPROXIMATELY 7,200

5164
03:00:57,736 --> 03:00:59,038
PREGNANT PERSONS AND THEIR

5165
03:00:59,038 --> 03:00:59,939
CHILDREN FROM THE PRENATAL

5166
03:00:59,939 --> 03:01:01,307
PERIOD INTO CHILDHOOD TO

5167
03:01:01,307 --> 03:01:04,643
UNDERSTAND THE GENETIC,

5168
03:01:04,643 --> 03:01:05,477
NEUROCOGNITIVE SOCIOEMOTIONAL

5169
03:01:05,477 --> 03:01:07,313
AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON

5170
03:01:07,313 --> 03:01:09,048
EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES

5171
03:01:09,048 --> 03:01:11,217
AND HOW EARLY LIFE EXPOSURES TO

5172
03:01:11,217 --> 03:01:13,619
OPIOIDS AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL

5173
03:01:13,619 --> 03:01:15,754
CIRCUMSTANCES AFFECT THOSE

5174
03:01:15,754 --> 03:01:16,088
TRAJECTORIES.

5175
03:01:16,088 --> 03:01:18,257
NIDA IS SEEKING COUNCIL APPROVAL

5176
03:01:18,257 --> 03:01:21,327
FOR THIS CONCEPT TO RENEW ALL

5177
03:01:21,327 --> 03:01:22,461
THREE INTEGRATED COMPONENTS AT

5178
03:01:22,461 --> 03:01:23,529
THE CONSORTIUM, THE RESEARCH

5179
03:01:23,529 --> 03:01:24,964
SITES, THE COORDINATING

5180
03:01:24,964 --> 03:01:27,066
ADMINISTRATIVE CORE, THE DATA

5181
03:01:27,066 --> 03:01:27,700
COORDINATING CENTER FOR ANOTHER

5182
03:01:27,700 --> 03:01:29,468
PROJECT PERIOD TO ALLOW THE

5183
03:01:29,468 --> 03:01:30,336
CONSORTIUM THE TIME AND

5184
03:01:30,336 --> 03:01:32,805
RESOURCES TO COMPLETE ENROLLMENT

5185
03:01:32,805 --> 03:01:34,173
OF 7200 PREGNANT PERSONS AND

5186
03:01:34,173 --> 03:01:35,808
CHILDREN TO EXTEND STUDY VISITS,

5187
03:01:35,808 --> 03:01:36,809
THROUGH THE FIRST DECADE OF

5188
03:01:36,809 --> 03:01:37,977
LIFE.

5189
03:01:37,977 --> 03:01:39,778
AND ACHIEVE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES

5190
03:01:39,778 --> 03:01:42,514
TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE

5191
03:01:42,514 --> 03:01:43,816
PREPRENATAL ENVIRONMENT

5192
03:01:43,816 --> 03:01:44,750
INFLUENCES DEVELOPMENTAL

5193
03:01:44,750 --> 03:01:46,352
TRAJECTORIES THROUGH CHILDHOOD.

5194
03:01:46,352 --> 03:01:47,586
AND I'LL PAUSE FOR ANY

5195
03:01:47,586 --> 03:01:48,687
QUESTIONS.

5196
03:01:48,687 --> 03:01:54,827
>> QUESTIONS?

5197
03:01:54,827 --> 03:01:56,228
THANKS SO MUCH.

5198
03:01:56,228 --> 03:01:57,062
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

5199
03:01:57,062 --> 03:01:59,131
>> AND NOW WE GO TO THE
SECTION

5200
03:01:59,131 --> 03:01:59,665
ON PUBLIC COMMENTS.

5201
03:01:59,665 --> 03:02:03,302
DID WE GET ANY COMMENTS?

5202
03:02:03,302 --> 03:02:05,404
>> I DON'T BELIEVE WE DID.

5203
03:02:05,404 --> 03:02:09,742
WE CAN STILL RECEIVE COMMENTS

5204
03:02:09,742 --> 03:02:11,377
FOR 10 DAYS AFTER COUNCIL, SO IF

5205
03:02:11,377 --> 03:02:13,712
THERE'S ANYBODY WHO IS -- SORRY,

5206
03:02:13,712 --> 03:02:15,180
WE HAVE NOT RECEIVED ANY PUBLIC

5207
03:02:15,180 --> 03:02:15,547
COMMENTS.

5208
03:02:15,547 --> 03:02:17,616
WE STILL ACCEPT PUBLIC COMMENTS

5209
03:02:17,616 --> 03:02:18,851
FOR 10 DAYS AFTER COUNCIL

5210
03:02:18,851 --> 03:02:20,052
HAPPENS, SO IF THERE'S ANYBODY

5211
03:02:20,052 --> 03:02:21,487
THAT'S OUT THERE WATCHING AND

5212
03:02:21,487 --> 03:02:22,988
WOULD LIKE TO SEND US SOME

5213
03:02:22,988 --> 03:02:25,391
FEEDBACK OR SOME SUGGESTIONS,

5214
03:02:25,391 --> 03:02:25,891
PLEASE DO SO.

5215
03:02:25,891 --> 03:02:27,893
YOU CAN SEND THEM TO ME AND WE

5216
03:02:27,893 --> 03:02:29,161
WILL TAKE THEM INTO

5217
03:02:29,161 --> 03:02:39,405
CONSIDERATION.

5218
03:02:39,672 --> 03:02:41,206
>> SO IF NO MORE COMMENTS,
I

5219
03:02:41,206 --> 03:02:42,241
GUESS WE CAN ADJOURN

5220
03:02:42,241 --> 03:02:43,075
>> WE CAN ADJOURN.

5221
03:02:43,075 --> 03:02:43,842
>> THANK YOU ALL AGAIN.

5222
03:02:43,842 --> 03:02:45,177
WE REALLY APPRECIATE YOUR TIME.

5223
03:02:45,177 --> 03:02:46,412
WE LOVE TO SEE YOU.

5224
03:02:46,412 --> 03:02:47,613
IT'S REALLY NICE TO SEE YOU IN

5225
03:02:47,613 --> 03:02:48,881
PERSON FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE

5226
03:02:48,881 --> 03:02:49,081
HERE.

5227
03:02:49,081 --> 03:02:49,782
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE ON

5228
03:02:49,782 --> 03:02:51,984
SCREEN, WE ALSO APPRECIATE YOUR

5229
03:02:51,984 --> 03:02:54,420
COMMENTS AND YOUR THOUGHTS AND

5230
03:02:54,420 --> 03:03:02,661
LOOK FORWARD TO THE NEXT TIME.

5231
03:03:02,661 --> 03:03:05,898
>> WE HAVE THESE VERY
FORMAL

5232
03:03:05,898 --> 03:03:06,865
PRESENTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS,

5233
03:03:06,865 --> 03:03:09,034
BUT WE COUNT ON YOU TO REACH OUT

5234
03:03:09,034 --> 03:03:11,070
TO US OUTSIDE OF THE TIME WHERE

5235
03:03:11,070 --> 03:03:12,905
WE HAVE COUNCIL, IF YOU HAVE

5236
03:03:12,905 --> 03:03:14,406
SUGGESTIONS, PLEASE SPEAK UP.

5237
03:03:14,406 --> 03:03:16,141
SO WHAT I'M SAYING IS YOUR JOB

5238
03:03:16,141 --> 03:03:18,811
DOES NOT TERMINATE WHEN YOU

5239
03:03:18,811 --> 03:03:20,579
LEAVE THIS ROOM, BUT IT'S

5240
03:03:20,579 --> 03:03:23,148
ACTUALLY WE ARE COUNTING ON YOU

5241
03:03:23,148 --> 03:03:25,651
ON PROVIDING US THAT FEEDBACK,

5242
03:03:25,651 --> 03:03:26,652
BECAUSE THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY

5243
03:03:26,652 --> 03:03:30,022
THAT WE VR TO GET YOUR EXPERTISE

5244
03:03:30,022 --> 03:03:32,424
INTO WHAT WE ARE DOING.

5245
03:03:32,424 --> 03:03:34,560
SO THAT JUST TO SAY THAT WE

5246
03:03:34,560 --> 03:03:37,029
VALUE VERY MUCH EACH ONE OF YOUR

5247
03:03:37,029 --> 03:03:40,566
INPUT AND ANYTHING THAT YOU FEEL

5248
03:03:40,566 --> 03:03:41,700
YOU WANT FURTHER ANSWERS OR

5249
03:03:41,700 --> 03:03:43,268
INFORMATION ON WHAT WAS

5250
03:03:43,268 --> 03:03:44,336
PRESENTED OR SUGGESTIONS, PLEASE

5251
03:03:44,336 --> 03:03:47,439
REACH OUT TO US.

5252
03:03:47,439 --> 03:03:48,741
YOU CAN DIRECTLY REACH OUT TO ME

5253
03:03:48,741 --> 03:03:50,376
OR YOU CAN DIRECTLY REACH OUT TO

5254
03:03:50,376 --> 03:03:54,046
SUSAN OR TO WILSON, AND WE WILL

5255
03:03:54,046 --> 03:03:54,313
RESPOND.

5256
03:03:54,313 --> 03:03:56,682
AND WITH THAT, I WISH YOU A VERY

5257
03:03:56,682 --> 03:03:58,650
GOOD TRIP BACK HOME, WHEREVER

5258
03:03:58,650 --> 03:04:08,650
THAT MAY BE.