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>> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.

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MY NAME IS ZHAOXIA REN, PROGRAM

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OFFICER AT THE OBSTETRICS,

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PEDIATRIC BRANCH IN THE EUNICE

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KENNEDY SHRIVER CHILD HEALTH AND

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HUMAN DEVELOP M THE.

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I'M ONE OF THE COORGANIZERS AND

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CO-CHAIRS FOR THIS WORKSHOP,

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ALONG WITH THE OTHER TWO

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CO-CHAIRS, DR. MELISSA

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FOUNDATION FOR THE NIH AND

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DR. HANI FAYSAL FROM INDIANA

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UNIVERSITY.

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IT IS OUR GREAT PLEASURE TO

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WELCOME YOU TO JOIN US TODAY FOR

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THIS EXCITING WORKSHOP THAT IS

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AIMING FOR A FASTER DISCUSSION

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AND SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE IN THE

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MATERNAL HEALTH BY BRIDGING --

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IN BRIDGING OF GAPS AND

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LEVERAGING EXISTING RESOURCES IN

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BIOREPOSITORIES AND LABORATORIES

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AND ALSO USING CUTTING EDGE

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TECHNOLOGIES.

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SO IT IS -- WE ARE SO THRILLED

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FOR ALL OF YOU TO COME HERE

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TODAY TO LOOK FORWARD TO THE

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EXCITING DISCUSSION AND

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PRESENTATIONS.

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SO BEFORE WE START, I'D LIKE TO

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ANNOUNCE A FEW HOUSEKEEPING

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ITEMS.

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SO TODAY'S WORKSHOP IS RECORDED

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SO PLEASE WHEN YOU HAVE A

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QUESTION OR MAKE A COMMENT,

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PLEASE TURN ON YOUR MICROPHONE,

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DIRECTLY SPEAK TO THE

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MICROPHONE, AND FOR FOLKS

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JOINING ON ZOOM AND ALSO PLEASE

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TURN ON YOUR CAMERA AND SO AFTER

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YOU FINISH, TURN OFF THE

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MICROPHONE, UNMUTE YOURS UR -- D

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MUTE YOURSELF.

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FOR SOME OF YOU I GUESS FIRST

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TIME BEING ON THE CAMPUS AND FOR

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THIS BUILDING, SO IT IS A LITTLE

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BIT COMPLICATED.

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SO THE BATHROOMS, YOU GO OUT AND

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TO THE HALLWAY AT THE RIGHT AND

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WHEN YOU GET OUT TO THE

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ELEVATOR, YOU'LL SEE THE SIGN ON

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YOUR RIGHT-HAND SIDE, THERE'S

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BATHROOMS, AND FOR MOST

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IMPORTANT, FOR THE LUNCH IS

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UNFORTUNATELY WE COULDN'T GET

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ENOUGH ORDERS FOR A BOX LUNCH TO

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CATER TO US SO -- BUT THERE IS A

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CAFETERIA, THE FIRST FLOOR, SO

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YOU GET DOWN TO OLE VAI TORE TOG

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HALLWAY TO THE END, TURN LEFT

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THERE IS A CAFETERIA, AND ALSO

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THERE'S A CONCESSION STAND FOR

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SANDWICHES, CHIPS OR COOKIES,

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WATERS OR OTHER DRINKS, AND SO

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PLEASE FEEL FREE TO ASK

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QUESTIONS IF YOU HAVE ANY

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QUESTIONS, YOU GET LOST IN THE

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BUILDING.

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ANYWAY.

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SO WITH THAT, WITHOUT FURTHER

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ADO, I'D LIKE TO KICK IT OFF BY

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INTRODUCING THE OPENING REMARKS

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SPEAKERS.

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FORTUNATELY WE HAVE THREE

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DISTINGUISHED SPEAKERS FOR

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OPENING REMARKS.

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FIRST IS DR. ALISON CERNICH.

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DR. CERNICH IS THE DEPUTY

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DIRECTOR FOR NICHD AND WORKS TO

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SUPPORT THE INSTITUTE'S MISSION

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TO LEAD RESEARCH AND TRAINING TO

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UNDERSTAND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT,

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IMPROVE ROW PRODUCTIVE HEALTH

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AND ENHANCE THE LIVES OF

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CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND

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OPTIMIZE ABILITIES FOR ALL.

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PRIOR TO THIS POSITION,

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DR. CERNICH WAS THE DIRECTOR OF

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THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR MEDICAL

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REHABILITATION RESEARCH, NCMRR

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AT NICHD, DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF THE

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CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE FOR

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PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND

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TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN THE

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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, AND SHE

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ALSO HELD MULTIPLE ROLES IN THE

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DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS.

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SHE IS A BOARD CERTIFIED

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NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST.

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THE SECOND SPEAKER FOR THE

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OPENING REMARKS IS DR. STACEY

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ADAM.

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DR. ADAM IS VICE PRESIDENT AT

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THE FOUNDATION FOR THE NIH.

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SHE LEADS MANY PUBLIC PRIVATE

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PARTNERSHIPS SUCH AS

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ACCELERATING COVID-19

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INTERVENTION AND VACCINES, THE

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BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM, CANCER,

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STEERING COMMITTEE, ACCELERATING

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MEDICINE PARTNERSHIP, METS BOLG

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DISEASES, PARKINSON'S DISEASE,

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PARTNERSHIP FOR ACCELERATING

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CANCER THERAPY.

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AND CLINICAL TRIALS.

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PRIOR TO FOUNDATION -- DR. ADAM

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WAS A MANAGER AT THE CONSULTING

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IN FEDERAL LIFE SCIENCE AND

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HEALTHCARE STRATEGY PRACTICE,

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WHERE SHE SUPPORTED MANY FEDERAL

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AND NON-PROFIT CLIENT PROJECTS.

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OUR THIRD SPEAKER FOR THE

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OPENING REMARKS IS DR. AARON

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PAWLYK.

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DR. PAWLYK IS CHIEF OF OBSTETRIC

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BRANCH AT THE NICHD AND HE'S MY

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BOSS.

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AND DR. PAWLYK IS A

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PHARMACOLOGIST WITH DECADES OF

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LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE IN DRUG

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DISCOVERY AND PRE-CLINICAL

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DEVELOPMENT PHARMACOGENOMICS AND

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MATHEMATICAL MODELING ACROSS

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MULTIPLE THERAPEUTIC AREAS.

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UNDER HIS LEADERSHIP, THE OPPTB

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AIMS TO ASSURE THAT THERE ARE

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SAFE AND EFFECTIVE THERAPEUTICS

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FOR CHILDREN AND PREGNANT

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LACTATING WOMEN AND THAT THESE

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MEDICATIONS ARE USED OPTIMALLY

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ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUAL NEEDS.

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BEFORE JOINING NIH, HE HELD

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MULTIPLE POSITIONS IN THE

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PHARMACEUTICAL SECTORS.

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WITH THAT, I'D LIKE TO TURN IT

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OVER TO DR. ALISON CERNICH.

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>> I JUST WANT TO THANK ZHAOXIA

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SO MUCH.

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AM I OKAY TO STAY UP HERE?

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I'M GOING UP FRONT?

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OKAY.

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HOLD, PLEASE.

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OKAY, I'M GOOD HERE.

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ALL RIGHT.

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SO I'M THE DEPU DEPUTY DIRECTORF

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NICHD, AND I REALLY JUST FIRST

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OFF WANT TO THANK THOSE OF YOU

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IN THE ROOM AND THOSE OF YOU

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JOINING US VIRTUALLY.

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I'M VERY EXCITED TO BE HERE TO

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DISCUSS OUR WORK ON MATERNAL

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HEALTH AND REALLY T DO APPRECIAE

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EVERYONE'S TIME AND EFFORT.

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I ALSO WANT TO THANK THE

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ORGANIZERS.

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THESE MEETINGS DO NOT COME OFF

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WITHOUT A TON OF WORK, SO THANK

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YOU FOR ALL YOU'VE DONE TO

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COORDINATE THIS AND PUT THIS

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TOGETHER.

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DR. MELISSA REYES FROM THE

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FOUNDATION, THANK YOU SO MUCH

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FOR ALL THAT YOU'VE DONE, AND

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ALSO DR. HANI FAYSAL FROM

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INDIANA UNIVERSITY, ALSO THANK

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YOU FOR YOUR EFFORTS.

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I THINK THIS WAS SAID ALREADY,

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IF YOU'RE NOT FAMILIAR WITH

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NICHD, WE DO A LOT OF WORK ON

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MATERNAL HEALTH.

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60% OF WHAT IS DONE HERE AT NIH

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ON MATERNAL HEALTH COMES FROM

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OUR BUDGET.

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AND SO WHILE IT'S NOT IN OUR

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NAME, WHICH TENDS TO CONFUSE

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PEOPLE, I THINK OUR MISSION AND

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OUR VISION REALLY DO SET THIS UP

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NICELY AND REALLY OUR RESEARCH

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SPANS FROM VERY EARLY

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH ADULTHOOD SO

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WE CAN ENSURE HEALTHY

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PREGNANCIES, HEALTHY CHILDREN

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AND HEALTHY OPTIMAL LIVES FOR

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ALL.

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AS PART OF OUR MISSION, WE FUND

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RESEARCH TO ADVANCE MATERNAL

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HEALTH AND HEALTHY PREGNANCIES

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AND IMPROVE MATERNAL AND INFANT

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OUTCOMES, AND THIS INCLUDES NOT

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ONLY FUNDAMENTAL BIOLOGY BUT

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ALSO CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS,

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WORK IN THE SOCIAL AND

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BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, AS WELL AS

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PHARMACOLOGIC RESEARCH AND

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TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION.

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WE ALSO LEAD A LOT OF

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INITIATIVES ACROSS THE FEDERAL

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GOVERNMENT, AND SO FOR EXAMPLE,

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I SERVE ON THE HEALTH AND HUMAN

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SERVICES TASK FORCE ON MATERNAL

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MENTAL HEALTH.

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I ALSO SERVE ON THE MATERNAL

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HEALTH LEADERSHIP COORDINATING

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COMMITTEE.

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AND THESE REALLY SUPPORT MAJOR

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EFFORTS, FOR EXAMPLE, AT THE

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WHITE HOUSE, BLEUT PRINT FOR --E

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BLUEPRINT FOR MATERNAL HEALTH

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AND WE'LL TALK A LITTLE ABOUT

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SPECIFIC INITIATIVES AT NICHD

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MORE.

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SO I JUST WANT TO TALK A LITTLE

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BIT ABOUT OUR INVESTMENTS HERE.

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SO THIS IS OUR OVERALL FUNDING

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FOR MATERNAL HEALTH.

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WE WERE AT ABOUT -- SORRY, TAKE

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THAT BACK.

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WE REPRESENT 35% OF THE OVERALL

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NIH TOTAL.

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FLIPPED THE NUMBERS.

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SO THE ALIGNMENT WITH THE NICHD

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MISSION, WE ARE REALLY ONE OF

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THE MAJOR FUNDERS HERE, JOINED

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OBVIOUSLY BY OTHERS, INCLUDING

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THE OTHER LARGE FUNDERS,

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NATIONAL HEART, BLOOD AND LUNG

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INSTITUTE, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

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MENTAL HEALTH ACTUALLY FUNDS

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QUITE A BIT, AND REALLY DROVE

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DISCOVERY OF A NEW DRUG FOR

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POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION.

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SO WE REALLY HAVE BEEN TRYING

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ALSO TO ACCELERATE OUR

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INVESTMENT.

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AS YOU CAN SEE THIS HAS GROWN

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OVER THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS

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AND THIS IS REALLY IN RESPONSE

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TO THE RISING MATERNAL MORBIDITY

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AND MORTALITY RATES IN THE

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UNITED STATES.

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WE ARE REALLY TRYING TO DRIVE

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SOLUTIONS TO DRIVE DOWN THOSE

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NUMBERS.

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AND AGAIN, APOLOGIES FOR

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FLIPPING OUR NUMBERS BEFORE, WE

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ARE AT 35% OF OVERALL FUNDING,

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AND AGAIN NHLBI, NIAID, NIDA,

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NIMHD AND OTHERS REALLY LEADING

259
00:09:46,285 --> 00:09:46,886
THE CHARGE HERE.

260
00:09:46,953 --> 00:09:48,654
BUT MANY OTHER INSTITUTES

261
00:09:48,721 --> 00:09:49,855
REPRESENTED, AND WE DO HAVE

262
00:09:49,922 --> 00:09:52,458
QUITE A BIT OF COORDINATION AT

263
00:09:52,525 --> 00:09:55,761
THE NIH WRIT LARGE, SO NICHD

264
00:09:55,828 --> 00:09:56,462
WORKS WITH THE NATIONAL

265
00:09:56,529 --> 00:09:57,563
INSTITUTE OF NURSING RESEARCH IN

266
00:09:57,630 --> 00:09:58,597
THE OFFICE OF RESEARCH OND

267
00:09:58,664 --> 00:10:00,666
WOMEN'S HEALTH TO REALLY

268
00:10:00,733 --> 00:10:02,101
COORDINATE THE COORDINATING

269
00:10:02,168 --> 00:10:03,736
COMMITTEE FOR MATERNAL MORBIDITY

270
00:10:03,803 --> 00:10:04,303
AND MORTALITY, WHICH BRINGS

271
00:10:04,370 --> 00:10:05,571
TOGETHER ALL OF THESE INSTITUTES

272
00:10:05,638 --> 00:10:07,139
TO TALK ABOUT OUR EFFORTS IN

273
00:10:07,206 --> 00:10:14,914
MATERNAL HEALTH.

274
00:10:14,981 --> 00:10:16,749
SO WE'RE WORKING ON OUR

275
00:10:16,816 --> 00:10:18,150
STRATEGIC PLAN, WE'RE CURRENTLY

276
00:10:18,217 --> 00:10:21,253
OPERATING UNDER OUR 2020 NICHD

277
00:10:21,320 --> 00:10:23,189
STRATEGIC PLAN, WHICH INCLUDED

278
00:10:23,255 --> 00:10:24,423
FIVE OVERARCHING SCIENTIFIC

279
00:10:24,490 --> 00:10:28,027
RESEARCH THEMES, TWO OF WHICH

280
00:10:28,094 --> 00:10:28,995
PERTAIN SPECIFICALLY TO MATERNAL

281
00:10:29,061 --> 00:10:29,562
HEALTH.

282
00:10:29,628 --> 00:10:30,629
REALLY WHAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING

283
00:10:30,696 --> 00:10:32,398
SINCE THIS PLAN'S LAUNCH IS

284
00:10:32,465 --> 00:10:34,700
REALLY WORKING TOWARD

285
00:10:34,767 --> 00:10:38,571
ESTABLISHING AND ACHIEVING THESE

286
00:10:38,637 --> 00:10:39,672
GOALS, SO THIS INCLUDES

287
00:10:39,739 --> 00:10:41,374
CONTINUED WORK WITH OUR TASK

288
00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:42,908
FORCE ON RESEARCH SPECIFIC TO

289
00:10:42,975 --> 00:10:44,744
PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN OR

290
00:10:44,810 --> 00:10:46,712
PRGLAC AND THAT FOCUSES ON GAPS

291
00:10:46,779 --> 00:10:47,713
IN KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH

292
00:10:47,780 --> 00:10:48,848
REGARDING SAFE AND EFFECTIVE

293
00:10:48,914 --> 00:10:50,016
THERAPIES AND VACCINES FOR

294
00:10:50,082 --> 00:10:50,983
PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN.

295
00:10:51,050 --> 00:10:53,252
WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS

296
00:10:53,319 --> 00:10:55,354
SPECIFICALLY NOW AS A REFRESH,

297
00:10:55,421 --> 00:10:57,323
AND SO I'M SURE AARON AND HIS

298
00:10:57,390 --> 00:10:58,858
TEAM WILL BRING SOME OF WHAT WE

299
00:10:58,924 --> 00:11:00,626
DO HERE BACK TO THE PLAN

300
00:11:00,693 --> 00:11:02,828
DISCUSSIONS THAT WE'RE HAVING

301
00:11:02,895 --> 00:11:08,034
FOR OUR 2025 STRATEGIC PLAN.

302
00:11:08,100 --> 00:11:09,268
AND WE ARE ACTUALLY BASING A LOT

303
00:11:09,335 --> 00:11:12,104
OF THIS NOW, WE HAVE BEEN

304
00:11:12,171 --> 00:11:13,305
SIMULTANEOUSLY WORKING ON AN

305
00:11:13,372 --> 00:11:16,442
IMPLEMENTATION FOR OUR STRATEGIC

306
00:11:16,509 --> 00:11:17,777
PLAN AND TRACKING DATA ON HOW

307
00:11:17,843 --> 00:11:19,211
WELL WE'RE DOING ADVANCING THESE

308
00:11:19,278 --> 00:11:19,445
METRICS.

309
00:11:19,512 --> 00:11:21,414
SO I THINK IF WE HAVE SOME

310
00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:22,381
ACTIONABLE THINGS THAT WE CAN

311
00:11:22,448 --> 00:11:23,482
DO, WE'D LOVE TO HEAR THAT FROM

312
00:11:23,549 --> 00:11:27,086
YOU ALL.

313
00:11:27,153 --> 00:11:29,822
SO WHAT HAVE WE BEEN DOING TO

314
00:11:29,889 --> 00:11:31,057
INVEST IN MATERNAL HEALTH

315
00:11:31,123 --> 00:11:32,158
INFRASTRUCTURE?

316
00:11:32,224 --> 00:11:34,193
FIRST AND FOREMOST, WE HAVE BEEN

317
00:11:34,260 --> 00:11:36,595
WORKING SINCE 2019 ON THE

318
00:11:36,662 --> 00:11:37,930
IMPLEMENTING OF MATERNAL HEALTH

319
00:11:37,997 --> 00:11:39,665
AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES VISION

320
00:11:39,732 --> 00:11:40,533
FOR EVERYONE PROGRAM OR

321
00:11:40,599 --> 00:11:42,268
INITIATIVE OR WHAT WE CALL

322
00:11:42,334 --> 00:11:42,735
IMPROVE.

323
00:11:42,802 --> 00:11:46,038
THIS EFFORT IS CO-LED BY US, BY

324
00:11:46,105 --> 00:11:47,306
NINR AND THE OFFICE OF RESEARCH

325
00:11:47,373 --> 00:11:49,942
ON WOMEN'S HEALTH.

326
00:11:50,009 --> 00:11:52,344
WE ARE REALLY ARE FOCUSED ON

327
00:11:52,411 --> 00:11:54,880
REDUCING PREVENTABLE CAUSES IN

328
00:11:54,947 --> 00:11:55,748
MATERNAL DEATHS AND IMPROVING

329
00:11:55,815 --> 00:11:56,949
HEALTH OF WOMEN BEFORE AND AFTER

330
00:11:57,016 --> 00:11:57,283
DELIVERY.

331
00:11:57,349 --> 00:11:59,685
THIS HAS A SPECIFIC EMPHASIS ON

332
00:11:59,752 --> 00:12:01,053
HEALTH DISPARITIES IN

333
00:12:01,120 --> 00:12:02,421
POPULATIONS THAT ARE

334
00:12:02,488 --> 00:12:03,722
DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECT BID

335
00:12:03,789 --> 00:12:04,924
MATERNAL MORBIDITY AND

336
00:12:04,990 --> 00:12:05,758
MORTALITY.

337
00:12:05,825 --> 00:12:06,792
THERE ARE REALLY A NUMBER OF

338
00:12:06,859 --> 00:12:10,096
COMPONENTS TO THIS PROGRAM, AND

339
00:12:10,162 --> 00:12:11,263
IT ACCELERATED PRETTY QUICKLY

340
00:12:11,330 --> 00:12:12,231
WHEN WE RECEIVED AN

341
00:12:12,298 --> 00:12:14,200
APPROPRIATION IN 2022 FOR THIS

342
00:12:14,266 --> 00:12:18,370
PROGRAM FROM CONGRESS.

343
00:12:18,437 --> 00:12:21,107
SO WHAT HAVE WE DONE HERE?

344
00:12:21,173 --> 00:12:23,075
ESSENTIALLY, IN '23, WE AWARDED

345
00:12:23,142 --> 00:12:26,846
A PROVIDE MAX ALL RIGHT

346
00:12:26,912 --> 00:12:28,314
$24 MILLION TO FUND 10 RESEARCH

347
00:12:28,380 --> 00:12:29,648
CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE WHICH

348
00:12:29,715 --> 00:12:31,283
AIMED TO DEVELOP, IMPLEMENT AND

349
00:12:31,350 --> 00:12:32,318
EVALUATE COMMUNITY TAILORED

350
00:12:32,384 --> 00:12:33,385
INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS

351
00:12:33,452 --> 00:12:35,754
MATERNAL HEALTH DISPARITIES.

352
00:12:35,821 --> 00:12:37,022
WE ALSO INCLUDED IN THAT

353
00:12:37,089 --> 00:12:38,624
TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL

354
00:12:38,691 --> 00:12:39,725
DEVELOPMENT SO THAT WE CAN

355
00:12:39,792 --> 00:12:40,693
REALLY FOSTER THE NEXT

356
00:12:40,759 --> 00:12:41,827
GENERATION OF RESEARCHERS IN

357
00:12:41,894 --> 00:12:43,829
THIS AREA.

358
00:12:43,896 --> 00:12:46,499
WE HAVE ALSO BEEN WORKING ON A

359
00:12:46,565 --> 00:12:47,266
RADX TECH PROGRAM.

360
00:12:47,333 --> 00:12:48,567
FOR THOSE FAMILIAR WITH OUR WORK

361
00:12:48,634 --> 00:12:49,869
DURING COVID TO ADVANCE

362
00:12:49,935 --> 00:12:50,903
DIAGNOSTICS THROUGH THE NATIONAL

363
00:12:50,970 --> 00:12:52,404
INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING

364
00:12:52,471 --> 00:12:55,674
AND BIOENGINEERING, THEY PUT

365
00:12:55,741 --> 00:12:56,509
TOGETHER A COMMERCIALIZATION

366
00:12:56,575 --> 00:12:57,877
PROGRAM TO GET THINGS

367
00:12:57,943 --> 00:13:00,279
ESSENTIALLY FROM CONCEPT TO

368
00:13:00,346 --> 00:13:02,448
COMMERCIAL APPLICATION, AND

369
00:13:02,515 --> 00:13:03,649
THEY'VE NOW RETOOLED THAT

370
00:13:03,716 --> 00:13:05,084
PROGRAM SO WE CAN USE IT FOR

371
00:13:05,151 --> 00:13:06,252
OTHER DIAGNOSTICS AND POINT OF

372
00:13:06,318 --> 00:13:08,254
CARE AND OTHER TECHNOLOGIES.

373
00:13:08,320 --> 00:13:11,991
WE HAVE BEEN AS NIBIB SAID ONE

374
00:13:12,057 --> 00:13:13,159
OF THEIR BEST CUSTOMERS BECAUSE

375
00:13:13,225 --> 00:13:14,827
WE FIND IT'S THE BEST WAY FOR US

376
00:13:14,894 --> 00:13:16,328
TO DRIVE SORT OF NOVEL

377
00:13:16,395 --> 00:13:17,429
TECHNOLOGIES IN A SPACE THAT

378
00:13:17,496 --> 00:13:18,898
PEOPLE DON'T GIVE A LOT OF

379
00:13:18,964 --> 00:13:21,367
ATTENTION AND WE CAN BRING IN

380
00:13:21,433 --> 00:13:23,135
NEW RESEARCHERS SO WE REALLY ARE

381
00:13:23,202 --> 00:13:24,103
TRYING TO DEVELOP REMOTE

382
00:13:24,170 --> 00:13:25,471
TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE MATERNAL

383
00:13:25,538 --> 00:13:26,872
HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR THOSE LIVING

384
00:13:26,939 --> 00:13:29,608
IN AREAS THAT LACK ACCESS TO

385
00:13:29,675 --> 00:13:30,042
MATERNITY CARE.

386
00:13:30,109 --> 00:13:31,243
MANY OF YOU KNOW THERE ARE A

387
00:13:31,310 --> 00:13:33,312
NUMBER OF MATERNITY CARE DESERTS

388
00:13:33,379 --> 00:13:37,483
IN THIS COUNTRY AND REALLY WITHE

389
00:13:37,550 --> 00:13:39,251
HAVE 10 TEAMS NOW MOVING TOWARDS

390
00:13:39,318 --> 00:13:40,219
FINAL STAGES WITH TECHNOLOGIES

391
00:13:40,286 --> 00:13:41,253
AND THE WINNERS WILL BE

392
00:13:41,320 --> 00:13:42,188
ANNOUNCED THIS FALL.

393
00:13:42,254 --> 00:13:45,357
AND LASTLY, THE CONNECTATHON IS

394
00:13:45,424 --> 00:13:47,459
THE WORK WE'RE DOING WITH THE

395
00:13:47,526 --> 00:13:48,294
OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL

396
00:13:48,360 --> 00:13:49,628
COORDINATOR IN HEALTH AND HUMAN

397
00:13:49,695 --> 00:13:49,895
SERVICES.

398
00:13:49,962 --> 00:13:50,863
THIS IS ONE OF THE WAYS WE ARE

399
00:13:50,930 --> 00:13:52,364
TRYING TO GET STANDARDS TO BE

400
00:13:52,431 --> 00:13:54,466
USED FOR REAL WORLD DATA IN THE

401
00:13:54,533 --> 00:13:55,000
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD.

402
00:13:55,067 --> 00:13:58,037
SO THROUGH THIS GROUP, WE'VE

403
00:13:58,103 --> 00:14:01,340
PILOTED HL7 FIRE STANDARDS,

404
00:14:01,407 --> 00:14:02,074
DEVELOPED IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE

405
00:14:02,141 --> 00:14:05,010
AND ACTUALLY PILOTED THIS IN

406
00:14:05,077 --> 00:14:05,711
HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGES IN

407
00:14:05,778 --> 00:14:06,812
THIS COUNTRY TO SEE ITS

408
00:14:06,879 --> 00:14:07,146
FEASIBILITY.

409
00:14:07,213 --> 00:14:08,347
WE'VE BEEN WORKING WITH

410
00:14:08,414 --> 00:14:09,315
STAKEHOLDER GROUPS ON THIS FOR

411
00:14:09,381 --> 00:14:11,817
QUITE SOME TIME, AND NOW ONC IS

412
00:14:11,884 --> 00:14:14,353
PUTTING THIS INTO THEIR UNITED

413
00:14:14,420 --> 00:14:16,222
STATES CORE DATA FOR

414
00:14:16,288 --> 00:14:17,089
INTEROPERABILITY AND THEY'RE

415
00:14:17,156 --> 00:14:18,824
PUTTING TOGETHER A SPECIFIC SET

416
00:14:18,891 --> 00:14:19,692
FOR MATERNAL HEALTH.

417
00:14:19,758 --> 00:14:22,328
THIS ALLOWS US TO REQUIRE THINGS

418
00:14:22,394 --> 00:14:23,662
IN ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD THAT

419
00:14:23,729 --> 00:14:24,863
ALLOW STANDARDIZATION.

420
00:14:24,930 --> 00:14:26,265
SO FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO WORK IN

421
00:14:26,332 --> 00:14:28,067
REAL WORLD DATA, I THINK THIS IS

422
00:14:28,133 --> 00:14:29,435
A GREAT ADVANCE THAT WE'RE DOING

423
00:14:29,501 --> 00:14:31,103
WITH THE GROUP THAT CAN ACTUALLY

424
00:14:31,170 --> 00:14:31,870
MANDATE TA FOR THE HEALTH

425
00:14:31,937 --> 00:14:36,308
RECORD.

426
00:14:36,375 --> 00:14:39,278
WE ACTUALLY, IN A VERY HARD

427
00:14:39,345 --> 00:14:42,248
BUDGET YEAR, WERE RECOGNIZED I

428
00:14:42,314 --> 00:14:44,750
THINK BY CONGRESS AS HAVING DONE

429
00:14:44,817 --> 00:14:48,687
A LOT SO WE GOT AN ADDITIONAL

430
00:14:48,754 --> 00:14:51,056
$10 MILLION THIS YEAR SO WE ARE

431
00:14:51,123 --> 00:14:52,424
REALLY WORKING TO PUT THAT MONEY

432
00:14:52,491 --> 00:14:53,959
TO GOOD USE AND EXPANDING A

433
00:14:54,026 --> 00:14:56,228
LITTLE BIT IN MATERNAL HEALTH

434
00:14:56,295 --> 00:14:58,130
TOWARDS INTERPERSONAL INTIMATE

435
00:14:58,197 --> 00:14:59,632
PARTNER VIOLENCE, AS WELL AS

436
00:14:59,698 --> 00:15:01,934
SOME OF THE SYSTEM FACTORS THAT

437
00:15:02,001 --> 00:15:02,801
DRIVE MATERNAL HEALTH

438
00:15:02,868 --> 00:15:09,141
DISPARITIES.

439
00:15:09,208 --> 00:15:10,175
JUST TO HIGHLIGHT TWO OTHER

440
00:15:10,242 --> 00:15:11,477
THINGS WE REALLY TRY TO LEVERAGE

441
00:15:11,543 --> 00:15:13,746
HERE, WE HAVE SOME FAIRLY ROBUST

442
00:15:13,812 --> 00:15:16,815
AND LONGSTANDING NETWORKS THAT

443
00:15:16,882 --> 00:15:18,584
REALLY HAVE LAID THE FOUNDATION

444
00:15:18,651 --> 00:15:21,553
FOR MUCH OF OUR WORK, INCLUDING

445
00:15:21,620 --> 00:15:22,454
THE MATERNAL-FETAL MEDICINE

446
00:15:22,521 --> 00:15:24,790
UNITS AND THE NEONATAL RESEARCH

447
00:15:24,857 --> 00:15:31,563
NETWORK, SO THE MFM U-CONN DUCTS

448
00:15:31,630 --> 00:15:32,765
MULTISITE CLINICAL TRIALS ON

449
00:15:32,831 --> 00:15:35,434
PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS,

450
00:15:35,501 --> 00:15:38,904
PHARMACOLOGY AND EMERGING ISSUES

451
00:15:38,971 --> 00:15:40,839
TO IMPROVE CARE AND THIS HAS

452
00:15:40,906 --> 00:15:42,508
BEEN A VERY SUCCESSFUL NETWORK.

453
00:15:42,574 --> 00:15:44,243
WE ALSO WERE ABLE TO LEVERAGE IT

454
00:15:44,310 --> 00:15:45,911
DURING COVID-19 TO LOOK AT REAL

455
00:15:45,978 --> 00:15:47,112
WORLD TREATMENTS USING THEIR

456
00:15:47,179 --> 00:15:48,747
DATA.

457
00:15:48,814 --> 00:15:50,983
SIMILARLY, THE NEONATAL RESEARCH

458
00:15:51,050 --> 00:15:52,584
NETWORK OR NRN, WE'VE REALLY

459
00:15:52,651 --> 00:15:54,119
BEEN ABLE TO WORK WITH THEM TO

460
00:15:54,186 --> 00:15:56,088
ADVANCE NEWBORN HEALTH TO LOOK

461
00:15:56,155 --> 00:15:57,923
AT TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT

462
00:15:57,990 --> 00:15:58,924
STRATEGIES FOR NEWBORN INFANTS

463
00:15:58,991 --> 00:16:00,459
AND WE HAVE MADE SOME

464
00:16:00,526 --> 00:16:03,395
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO CLINICAL

465
00:16:03,462 --> 00:16:06,031
PRACTICE BECAUSE OF THEIR WORK.

466
00:16:06,098 --> 00:16:07,566
WE'VE RECENTLY RESTRUCTURED THE

467
00:16:07,633 --> 00:16:08,801
NETWORKS TO ALLOW FOR GREATER

468
00:16:08,867 --> 00:16:10,936
ACCESS FOR THE INVESTIGATOR

469
00:16:11,003 --> 00:16:12,037
COMMUNITY, SO IT USED TO BE THAT

470
00:16:12,104 --> 00:16:13,906
YOU HAD TO BE PART OF THE

471
00:16:13,972 --> 00:16:15,841
NETWORK TO HAVE TRIALS IN THIS

472
00:16:15,908 --> 00:16:16,208
NETWORK.

473
00:16:16,275 --> 00:16:17,309
NOW AT THIS POINT, WHAT YOU CAN

474
00:16:17,376 --> 00:16:18,944
DO IS ANY QUALIFIED INVESTIGATOR

475
00:16:19,011 --> 00:16:20,579
CAN SUBMIT AN APPLICATION FOR

476
00:16:20,646 --> 00:16:22,548
MULTISITE STUDIES THROUGH A

477
00:16:22,614 --> 00:16:24,750
SPECIFIC PAR, WHICH WE CAN GET

478
00:16:24,817 --> 00:16:26,485
TO YOU, AND THAT WAY WE'VE

479
00:16:26,552 --> 00:16:28,020
OPENED THIS NETWORK TO THE

480
00:16:28,087 --> 00:16:29,588
LARGER COMMUNITY FOR CLINICAL

481
00:16:29,655 --> 00:16:33,492
TRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE.

482
00:16:33,559 --> 00:16:35,127
I KNOW AARON IS EXCITED ABOUT

483
00:16:35,194 --> 00:16:36,762
THIS ONE BECAUSE THIS IS HIS

484
00:16:36,829 --> 00:16:38,397
FAVORITE PROGRAM.

485
00:16:38,464 --> 00:16:41,900
THIS IS THE MPRINT HUB, THE

486
00:16:41,967 --> 00:16:43,602
MATERNAL AND PEDIATRIC PRECISION

487
00:16:43,669 --> 00:16:44,837
IN THERAPEUTICS HUB, AND THIS IS

488
00:16:44,903 --> 00:16:48,907
FROM HIS BRANCH, THE OPPTB.

489
00:16:48,974 --> 00:16:52,044
THEY'VE REALLY DONE THIS TO JUST

490
00:16:52,111 --> 00:16:53,379
QUEUE UP A NATIONAL RESOURCE FOR

491
00:16:53,445 --> 00:16:54,813
EXPERTISE IN MATERNAL AND PETE

492
00:16:54,880 --> 00:16:59,952
TRPEDIATRIC THERAPEUTICS, TO

493
00:17:00,018 --> 00:17:03,122
EXPAND THE AVAILABLE KNOWLEDGE

494
00:17:03,188 --> 00:17:05,090
TO THE BROADER RESEARCH,

495
00:17:05,157 --> 00:17:06,191
REGULATORY SCIENCE AND DRUG

496
00:17:06,258 --> 00:17:07,593
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES.

497
00:17:07,659 --> 00:17:10,229
IT ALSO CONDUCTS

498
00:17:10,295 --> 00:17:11,764
THERAPEUTICS-FOCUSED RESEARCH IN

499
00:17:11,830 --> 00:17:12,965
OBSTETRICS, LACTATION AND

500
00:17:13,031 --> 00:17:14,299
PEDIATRICS, AND REALLY DOES MAKE

501
00:17:14,366 --> 00:17:17,336
AN EFFORT TO INCLUDE PEOPLE WITH

502
00:17:17,403 --> 00:17:18,203
DISABILITIES.

503
00:17:18,270 --> 00:17:19,538
WHICH IS ALSO A MAJOR PART OF

504
00:17:19,605 --> 00:17:20,305
OUR MISSION.

505
00:17:20,372 --> 00:17:22,174
THERE ARE THREE ENTITIES WITHIN

506
00:17:22,241 --> 00:17:22,708
THIS.

507
00:17:22,775 --> 00:17:25,344
THERE IS THE TWO CENTERS OF

508
00:17:25,411 --> 00:17:27,079
EXCELLENCE IN THERAPEUTICS AT

509
00:17:27,146 --> 00:17:27,946
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

510
00:17:28,013 --> 00:17:29,915
SAN DIEGO IN VANDERBILT AND A

511
00:17:29,982 --> 00:17:31,884
PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN INDIANA AND

512
00:17:31,950 --> 00:17:33,318
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY THAT SERVE

513
00:17:33,385 --> 00:17:34,953
AS THE CENTRAL COORDINATING

514
00:17:35,020 --> 00:17:37,122
CENTER FOR THE HUB.

515
00:17:37,189 --> 00:17:38,991
SO AGAIN, I THINK WE HAVE A LOT

516
00:17:39,057 --> 00:17:40,225
OF INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THOSE OF

517
00:17:40,292 --> 00:17:42,060
YOU WHO ARE REALLY TRYING TO

518
00:17:42,127 --> 00:17:43,061
DRIVE KNOWLEDGE IN THIS AREA

519
00:17:43,128 --> 00:17:51,236
THAT I THINK CAN BE LEVERAGED.

520
00:17:51,303 --> 00:17:52,604
SO I ALSO JUST WANT TO HIGHLIGHT

521
00:17:52,671 --> 00:17:54,740
THAT WE HAVE BUILT OVER TIME THE

522
00:17:54,807 --> 00:17:57,376
NICHD DATA AND SPECIMEN HUB.

523
00:17:57,443 --> 00:17:59,878
THIS IS A REALLY KEY RESOURCE,

524
00:17:59,945 --> 00:18:00,879
ESPECIALLY AS WE'VE MOVED INTO

525
00:18:00,946 --> 00:18:02,514
THIS DATA SHARING AND MANAGEMENT

526
00:18:02,581 --> 00:18:03,715
POLICY WHICH SOME OF YOU I AM

527
00:18:03,782 --> 00:18:05,117
SURE HAVE EMBRACED

528
00:18:05,184 --> 00:18:06,251
WHOLEHEARTEDLY WITH LOVE AND

529
00:18:06,318 --> 00:18:08,320
GREAT CARE.

530
00:18:08,387 --> 00:18:10,289
I THINK THAT THIS IS A

531
00:18:10,355 --> 00:18:12,024
CENTRALIZED RESOURCE THAT YOU

532
00:18:12,090 --> 00:18:14,126
CAN USE TO SHARE DE-IDENTIFIED

533
00:18:14,193 --> 00:18:15,427
DATA FROM STUDIES RELEVANT TO

534
00:18:15,494 --> 00:18:17,262
OUR POPULATIONS.

535
00:18:17,329 --> 00:18:18,897
THIS IS A CONTROLLED ACCESS

536
00:18:18,964 --> 00:18:20,232
REPOSITORY.

537
00:18:20,299 --> 00:18:21,867
SO PEOPLE DO HAVE TO DO A DATA

538
00:18:21,934 --> 00:18:23,535
USE AGREEMENT AND GO THROUGH A

539
00:18:23,602 --> 00:18:25,504
PROCESS IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THESE

540
00:18:25,571 --> 00:18:30,108
DATA, AND WE CAN ALSO PROVIDE

541
00:18:30,175 --> 00:18:30,943
BIOSPECIMENS FROM SELECTED

542
00:18:31,009 --> 00:18:32,244
STUDIES IN DASH.

543
00:18:32,311 --> 00:18:35,681
THOUGH WE HAVE ABOUT -- I GUESS

544
00:18:35,747 --> 00:18:39,585
AT THIS POINT, OVER 220 STUDIES

545
00:18:39,651 --> 00:18:41,887
OR -- WELL, IT'S 227 STUDIES,

546
00:18:41,954 --> 00:18:43,088
AND THIS REALLY COVERS

547
00:18:43,155 --> 00:18:44,523
EVERYTHING FROM BREAST MILK TO

548
00:18:44,590 --> 00:18:47,359
INFANT CARE TO PHARMACOLOGY,

549
00:18:47,426 --> 00:18:48,560
BLOOD AND BREAST MILK ARE

550
00:18:48,627 --> 00:18:51,730
AVAILABLE IN THE BIOSPECIMENS.

551
00:18:51,797 --> 00:18:53,265
AND THERE'S -- THE WEBSITE IS

552
00:18:53,332 --> 00:18:53,599
BELOW.

553
00:18:53,665 --> 00:18:55,334
WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO GET NEW

554
00:18:55,400 --> 00:19:00,038
STUDIES IN THERE THAT ARE LARGE

555
00:19:00,105 --> 00:19:01,807
STUDIES THAT ARE CHALLENGING THE

556
00:19:01,874 --> 00:19:03,976
TECHNOLOGY A LITTLE BIT THAT WE

557
00:19:04,042 --> 00:19:07,179
HAVE.

558
00:19:07,246 --> 00:19:08,480
BUT WE'RE HOPING TO GET THE NEW

559
00:19:08,547 --> 00:19:09,615
MOM TO BE STUDY AVAILABLE

560
00:19:09,681 --> 00:19:10,916
THROUGH DASH, WHICH ENROLLED

561
00:19:10,983 --> 00:19:13,719
MORE THAN 10,000 PREGNANT PEOPLE

562
00:19:13,785 --> 00:19:15,787
TO UNDERSTAND POTENTIAL

563
00:19:15,854 --> 00:19:17,556
PREDICTORS OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY

564
00:19:17,623 --> 00:19:19,191
OUTCOMES AND INCLUDES A NUMBER

565
00:19:19,258 --> 00:19:20,392
OF MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS AS

566
00:19:20,459 --> 00:19:22,361
WELL AS PLACENTAL DEVELOPMENT,

567
00:19:22,427 --> 00:19:23,695
AND THEN OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

568
00:19:23,762 --> 00:19:25,197
OF THE FETUS.

569
00:19:25,264 --> 00:19:28,267
WE ALSO HAVE DATA ON GESTATIONAL

570
00:19:28,333 --> 00:19:31,069
WEIGHT GAIN AND ACCULTURATION.

571
00:19:31,136 --> 00:19:32,771
NHLBI HAS THE FOLLOW-ON STUDY TO

572
00:19:32,838 --> 00:19:34,273
THIS IN THE NEW MOM TO BE HEART

573
00:19:34,339 --> 00:19:36,608
HEALTH STUDY, WHERE THEY'RE

574
00:19:36,675 --> 00:19:40,646
LOOKING AT FOLLOW-ON FOR RISK

575
00:19:40,712 --> 00:19:43,048
FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND

576
00:19:43,115 --> 00:19:44,116
THEY'RE ALSO LOOKING AT SLEEP

577
00:19:44,182 --> 00:19:48,186
WITHIN THAT STUDY NOW.

578
00:19:48,253 --> 00:19:50,155
AND THEN AGAIN, THIS IS -- I

579
00:19:50,222 --> 00:19:51,123
HIGHLIGHTED THIS EARLIER, BUT

580
00:19:51,189 --> 00:19:52,891
THIS IS THE MATERNAL AND INFANT

581
00:19:52,958 --> 00:19:53,926
HEALTH INFORMATION FOR RESEARCH

582
00:19:53,992 --> 00:19:55,594
IMPLEMENTATION.

583
00:19:55,661 --> 00:19:57,996
THIS IS AN HL7 FIRE STANDARD

584
00:19:58,063 --> 00:19:59,531
THAT IS AVAILABLE THROUGH THEIR

585
00:19:59,598 --> 00:20:01,300
WEBSITE AND YOU CAN GET TO THAT

586
00:20:01,366 --> 00:20:02,000
IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE.

587
00:20:02,067 --> 00:20:04,136
THIS WAS A TWO-YEAR-LONG EFFORT

588
00:20:04,202 --> 00:20:06,104
REALLY TO TRY TO GET US TO SOME

589
00:20:06,171 --> 00:20:07,205
STANDARDS AROUND PREGNANCY SO WE

590
00:20:07,272 --> 00:20:11,910
CAN USE REAL WORLD DATA.

591
00:20:11,977 --> 00:20:17,382
WE ALSO DURING COVID HAVE WORKED

592
00:20:17,449 --> 00:20:19,151
TIRELESSLY TO THINK ABOUT COMMON

593
00:20:19,217 --> 00:20:20,552
DATA ELEMENTS FOR MATERNAL

594
00:20:20,619 --> 00:20:22,421
HEALTH RESEARCH AND REALLY

595
00:20:22,487 --> 00:20:23,922
THINKING ABOUT THIS AS ANOTHER

596
00:20:23,989 --> 00:20:26,224
WAY TO STANDARDIZE AND GET

597
00:20:26,291 --> 00:20:26,892
COMPARABLE DATA.

598
00:20:26,959 --> 00:20:28,527
WE WERE TASKED WITH DEVELOPING A

599
00:20:28,594 --> 00:20:30,596
LIST OF CDs FOR USE IN

600
00:20:30,662 --> 00:20:31,597
PREGNANCY STUDIES AND WE ARE

601
00:20:31,663 --> 00:20:33,065
DOING THAT THROUGH THE MATERNAL

602
00:20:33,131 --> 00:20:33,966
HEALTH RESEARCH CENTERS OF

603
00:20:34,032 --> 00:20:34,533
EXCELLENCE.

604
00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:35,767
THEY ARE NOW VALIDATING SOME OF

605
00:20:35,834 --> 00:20:37,302
THE CDEs THAT WE DEVELOPED.

606
00:20:37,369 --> 00:20:39,237
THEY'RE IN THE FIRST ROUND OF

607
00:20:39,304 --> 00:20:40,806
DELPHI VOTING TO PRIORITIZE

608
00:20:40,872 --> 00:20:42,541
CONSTRUCTS AND THEY'RE GOING TO

609
00:20:42,608 --> 00:20:43,408
PROVIDE FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS BY

610
00:20:43,475 --> 00:20:47,346
FALL OF THIS YEAR SO PLEASE FEEL

611
00:20:47,412 --> 00:20:49,848
FREE TO CHECK OUT THE MATERNAL

612
00:20:49,915 --> 00:20:52,384
HEALTH RESEARCH CENTERS OF

613
00:20:52,451 --> 00:20:53,118
EXCELLENTS, THEY'LL HAVE MORE

614
00:20:53,185 --> 00:20:53,585
INFORMATION THERE.

615
00:20:53,652 --> 00:20:56,655
SO I THINK HONESTLY AT THIS

616
00:20:56,722 --> 00:20:57,723
POINT, I REALLY THANK YOU FOR

617
00:20:57,789 --> 00:20:58,490
WHAT YOU'RE DOING.

618
00:20:58,557 --> 00:20:59,591
I WANT YOU TO KNOW THAT WE'RE

619
00:20:59,658 --> 00:21:00,792
TRYING TO HAVE AS MUCH

620
00:21:00,859 --> 00:21:02,027
INFRASTRUCTURE AND DATA AND

621
00:21:02,094 --> 00:21:03,962
OTHER THINGS AVAILABLE FOR YOU

622
00:21:04,029 --> 00:21:06,365
ALL TO FURTHER YOUR WORK.

623
00:21:06,431 --> 00:21:09,201
AND I'M REALLY M HONORED THAT YU

624
00:21:09,267 --> 00:21:10,535
ALL ARE HERE BRINGING YOUR IDEAS

625
00:21:10,602 --> 00:21:11,837
AND THOUGHTS AND JUST SOME KEY

626
00:21:11,903 --> 00:21:13,472
QUESTIONS, YOU KNOW, WHAT

627
00:21:13,538 --> 00:21:14,373
RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE DO

628
00:21:14,439 --> 00:21:16,341
WE NEED?

629
00:21:16,408 --> 00:21:17,109
WE'VE DONE A LOT.

630
00:21:17,175 --> 00:21:19,177
IS THERE SOMETHING MISSING?

631
00:21:19,244 --> 00:21:26,852
ARE AARE THERE GAPS AND OPPORTUS

632
00:21:26,918 --> 00:21:28,820
IN SHARED COLLABORATION THAT WE

633
00:21:28,887 --> 00:21:29,554
CAN TACKLE?

634
00:21:29,621 --> 00:21:30,756
I JUST WENT THROUGH A WHOLE

635
00:21:30,822 --> 00:21:31,323
BUNCH OF STUFF.

636
00:21:31,390 --> 00:21:32,691
IF YOU DON'T KNOW ABOUT IT AND

637
00:21:32,758 --> 00:21:33,725
YOU'RE REALLY KNOWLEDGEABLE IN

638
00:21:33,792 --> 00:21:35,160
THIS AREA THAT TELLS ME A LOT OF

639
00:21:35,227 --> 00:21:36,361
PEOPLE DON'T KNOW ABOUT IT AND

640
00:21:36,428 --> 00:21:38,096
WE NEED TO GET RESOURCES MORE

641
00:21:38,163 --> 00:21:38,997
WIDELY AVAILABLE, CAN YOU GIVE

642
00:21:39,064 --> 00:21:40,632
US SUGGESTIONS ON HOW DO THAT?

643
00:21:40,699 --> 00:21:42,067
AND THEN HOW CAN WE BETTER

644
00:21:42,134 --> 00:21:43,035
PARTNER WITH INTERESTED

645
00:21:43,101 --> 00:21:44,036
STAKEHOLDERS TO ACHIEVE COMMON

646
00:21:44,102 --> 00:21:44,336
GOALS?

647
00:21:44,403 --> 00:21:45,637
I WILL SAY THAT OUR PARTNERSHIP

648
00:21:45,704 --> 00:21:46,571
WITH THE FOUNDATION IS ONE OF

649
00:21:46,638 --> 00:21:48,407
THE WAYS THAT WE DO THAT.

650
00:21:48,473 --> 00:21:52,644
I'M REALLY, REALLY GRATEFUL TO

651
00:21:52,711 --> 00:21:53,879
HAVE THEIR PARTNERSHIP AND FOR

652
00:21:53,945 --> 00:21:55,480
THEM TO BE HERE TODAY.

653
00:21:55,547 --> 00:22:00,986
SO WITH THAT, I WILL END AND

654
00:22:01,053 --> 00:22:03,055
TURN IT OVER, I BELIEVE TO

655
00:22:03,121 --> 00:22:03,689
STACEY, CORRECT?

656
00:22:03,755 --> 00:22:04,589
AWESOME.

657
00:22:04,656 --> 00:22:04,856
THAT'S IT.

658
00:22:04,923 --> 00:22:15,100
THANK YOU.

659
00:22:23,975 --> 00:22:25,811
>> ARE YOU DRIVING OR ARE WE

660
00:22:25,877 --> 00:22:26,144
DRIVING?

661
00:22:26,211 --> 00:22:27,079
YOU CAN DRIVE?

662
00:22:27,145 --> 00:22:27,312
GOOD.

663
00:22:27,379 --> 00:22:30,949
ALL RIGHT.

664
00:22:31,016 --> 00:22:32,818
SO WHILE ALISON WAS VERY GOOD IN

665
00:22:32,884 --> 00:22:33,785
KIND OF SHOWING YOU EVERYTHING

666
00:22:33,852 --> 00:22:35,754
THAT NICHD HAS DONE, I WILL SAY

667
00:22:35,821 --> 00:22:37,823
THE FOUNDATION HAS BEEN IN THE

668
00:22:37,889 --> 00:22:39,791
MATERNAL SPACE FOR LESS TIME,

669
00:22:39,858 --> 00:22:41,226
BUT MOST OF THE WORK THAT WE DO

670
00:22:41,293 --> 00:22:42,427
DO IN THE MATERNAL HEALTH SPACE

671
00:22:42,494 --> 00:22:46,131
IS WORKING WITH NICHD AS ALISON

672
00:22:46,198 --> 00:22:48,100
SAID, SO WE HOPE TO HAVE BEEN A

673
00:22:48,166 --> 00:22:50,769
GOOD PARTNER IN THE PAST AND

674
00:22:50,836 --> 00:22:52,037
HOPE TO CONTINUE TO BE A REALLY

675
00:22:52,104 --> 00:22:52,938
GOOD PARTNER IN THE FUTURE.

676
00:22:53,004 --> 00:22:54,573
WHAT I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT IS

677
00:22:54,639 --> 00:22:55,774
LESS KIND OF ON ALL THE

678
00:22:55,841 --> 00:22:57,075
RESOURCES OUT THERE THAT WE HAVE

679
00:22:57,142 --> 00:23:00,579
THEN BUT MORE ON THE IDEA OF

680
00:23:00,645 --> 00:23:01,680
THINKING THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE

681
00:23:01,747 --> 00:23:03,115
BECAUSE AS ALISON SAID, WE CAN

682
00:23:03,181 --> 00:23:04,950
BE A MAJOR FACILITATION ABOUT

683
00:23:05,016 --> 00:23:06,918
HOW WE BRING IN PRIVATE SECTOR

684
00:23:06,985 --> 00:23:08,987
RESOURCES TO WORK WITH THE NICHD

685
00:23:09,054 --> 00:23:11,089
RESOURCES AND TO JUST FACILITATE

686
00:23:11,156 --> 00:23:12,290
GENERAL PARTNERSHIP.

687
00:23:12,357 --> 00:23:15,227
SO VIEW THAT, THAT IS HOW MY

688
00:23:15,293 --> 00:23:16,228
PRESENTATION IS GOING TO COME

689
00:23:16,294 --> 00:23:16,661
DOWN.

690
00:23:16,728 --> 00:23:18,396
SO FOR THOSE WHO DON'T KNOW WHAT

691
00:23:18,463 --> 00:23:22,801
THE FOUNDATION IS, WE ARE A

692
00:23:22,868 --> 00:23:24,202
501(C)3 FORMED BY CONGRESS WITH

693
00:23:24,269 --> 00:23:28,240
THE ONLY MISSION TO HELP THE

694
00:23:28,306 --> 00:23:32,410
NICHD PUBLIC PRIVATE

695
00:23:32,477 --> 00:23:32,844
PARTNERSHIPS.

696
00:23:32,911 --> 00:23:33,945
WHAT WE FIGURE IS SCIENCE HAS

697
00:23:34,012 --> 00:23:35,247
THE POWER TO CURE A LOT OF

698
00:23:35,313 --> 00:23:36,715
THINGS, BUT THERE ISN'T A SINGLE

699
00:23:36,782 --> 00:23:37,415
ORGANIZATION THAT'S EVER GOING

700
00:23:37,482 --> 00:23:38,984
TO DO THIS ALONE, AND THAT

701
00:23:39,050 --> 00:23:40,051
INCLUDES THE NIH.

702
00:23:40,118 --> 00:23:41,753
AS BIG AS IT IS, AS POWERFUL AS

703
00:23:41,820 --> 00:23:43,455
IT IS, EVERYBODY IS STILL GOING

704
00:23:43,522 --> 00:23:46,391
TO NEED HELP IN THIS SPACE.

705
00:23:46,458 --> 00:23:48,527
SO HOW DO WE DO THIS?

706
00:23:48,593 --> 00:23:51,329
WE HELP THE NIH PARTNER WITH

707
00:23:51,396 --> 00:23:52,531
WORLD CLASS ORGANIZATIONS TO

708
00:23:52,597 --> 00:23:54,399
TAKE ON THE BIGGEST CHALLENGES.

709
00:23:54,466 --> 00:23:56,802
AS YOU HEARD FROM ALISON,

710
00:23:56,868 --> 00:23:57,903
OBVIOUSLY MATERNAL HEALTH HAS

711
00:23:57,969 --> 00:23:59,771
BECOME A FOCUS IN THE LAST FEW

712
00:23:59,838 --> 00:24:00,972
YEARS, ESPECIALLY COMING OUT OF

713
00:24:01,039 --> 00:24:03,275
THE WHITE HOUSE, SO WE WORK WITH

714
00:24:03,341 --> 00:24:04,609
NIH, OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,

715
00:24:04,676 --> 00:24:05,911
SO WHILE WE ARE THE FOUNDATION

716
00:24:05,977 --> 00:24:07,546
FOR THE NIH, WE ARE ABLE TO

717
00:24:07,612 --> 00:24:09,147
REACH ACROSS OTHER AGENCIES AND

718
00:24:09,214 --> 00:24:11,349
ASSIST WHEN NECESSARY.

719
00:24:11,416 --> 00:24:13,418
WE ALSO WORK WITH LIFE SCIENCES

720
00:24:13,485 --> 00:24:16,154
AND ACADEMIA, AND OTHER

721
00:24:16,221 --> 00:24:16,922
FOUNDATIONS AND PATIENT

722
00:24:16,988 --> 00:24:18,690
ORGANIZATIONS.

723
00:24:18,757 --> 00:24:22,594
SO ALL THREE OF THESE KIND OF

724
00:24:22,661 --> 00:24:23,595
ECOSPHERES KIND OF COME TOGETHER

725
00:24:23,662 --> 00:24:25,130
AND WE HOPE TO LEVERAGE WHO HAVE

726
00:24:25,197 --> 00:24:27,666
NWHOEVERNEEDS TO BE AT THE TABLR

727
00:24:27,732 --> 00:24:28,967
EACH PARTNERSHIP.

728
00:24:29,034 --> 00:24:30,235
NOW AS I SAID, WE CAN WORK WITH

729
00:24:30,302 --> 00:24:32,137
ANY OF THE 27 INSTITUTES AT THE

730
00:24:32,204 --> 00:24:34,873
NIH, SO WHILE WE'RE HERE TALKING

731
00:24:34,940 --> 00:24:35,974
ABOUT MATERNAL HEALTH, JUST KEEP

732
00:24:36,041 --> 00:24:37,375
IN MIND WE DO HAVE KIND OF -- WE

733
00:24:37,442 --> 00:24:39,444
RUN THE GAMUT AND I WOULD ARGUE

734
00:24:39,511 --> 00:24:40,779
THAT WOMEN'S AND MATERNAL HEALTH

735
00:24:40,846 --> 00:24:42,414
SWORD OF RUNS THE GAMUT AS WELL,

736
00:24:42,480 --> 00:24:44,149
RIGHT, BECAUSE WE DO KNOW THAT

737
00:24:44,216 --> 00:24:46,017
OFTENTIMES WOMEN ARE UNDERSERVED

738
00:24:46,084 --> 00:24:47,752
IN MANY OF THESE SECTORS, EERCH

739
00:24:47,819 --> 00:24:52,457
THOUGH WE'RE HEVENTHOUGH WE'RE T

740
00:24:52,524 --> 00:24:53,458
KIND OF SPECIFIC THINGS.

741
00:24:53,525 --> 00:24:54,793
SO WE'VE DONE THIS FOR ABOUT 25

742
00:24:54,860 --> 00:24:55,961
YEARS NOW.

743
00:24:56,027 --> 00:24:57,596
WE DO THIS QUITE WELL, WE'VE

744
00:24:57,662 --> 00:25:00,232
RAISED OVER $1.5 BILLION TO

745
00:25:00,298 --> 00:25:02,167
PARTNER ALONGSIDE A LOT OF THE

746
00:25:02,234 --> 00:25:03,735
NIH INFRASTRUCTURE AND WORK.

747
00:25:03,802 --> 00:25:06,571
WE HAVE 122 ACTIVE PARTNERSHIPS

748
00:25:06,638 --> 00:25:08,006
ONGOING RIGHT NOW, AND WE DO

749
00:25:08,073 --> 00:25:09,307
THESE IN THREE MAJOR BUCKETS.

750
00:25:09,374 --> 00:25:11,276
WE HOPE TO ACCELERATE PREVENTION

751
00:25:11,343 --> 00:25:13,144
OF NEW THERAPIES, DIAGNOSTICS

752
00:25:13,211 --> 00:25:14,846
AND POTENTIAL CURES, SO THIS IS

753
00:25:14,913 --> 00:25:18,583
WHERE A LOT OF MY TEAM IN

754
00:25:18,650 --> 00:25:19,384
TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE, WHERE A

755
00:25:19,451 --> 00:25:20,552
LOT OF OUR WORK GOES.

756
00:25:20,619 --> 00:25:21,987
THIS INCLUDES THE

757
00:25:22,053 --> 00:25:22,954
ACCELERATING -- PARTNERSHIPS,

758
00:25:23,021 --> 00:25:25,924
THE BIOMARKER CONSORTIUM,

759
00:25:25,991 --> 00:25:26,791
ACCELERATING CANCER THERAPIES AS

760
00:25:26,858 --> 00:25:28,660
WELL AS OUR WORK FOR COVID.

761
00:25:28,727 --> 00:25:30,862
WE ALSO SEEK TO ADVANCE GLOBAL

762
00:25:30,929 --> 00:25:32,631
HEALTH AND EQUITY IN CARE.

763
00:25:32,697 --> 00:25:34,566
THIS IS WHERE SOME OF OUR WORK

764
00:25:34,633 --> 00:25:35,433
WITH NICHD HAS BEEN DONE.

765
00:25:35,500 --> 00:25:37,869
I WON'T TALK A LOT ABOUT IT NOW,

766
00:25:37,936 --> 00:25:40,505
BUT ESPECIALLY THE A-PLUS TRIAL,

767
00:25:40,572 --> 00:25:42,807
WHICH JUST WRAPPED UP ITS FIRST

768
00:25:42,874 --> 00:25:45,610
PHASE IN AFRICA AND AGAIN, TALK

769
00:25:45,677 --> 00:25:48,346
ABOUT GOOD RESULTS, A SINGLE

770
00:25:48,413 --> 00:25:51,549
DOSE OF AZITHROMYCIN DURING

771
00:25:51,616 --> 00:25:54,386
LABOR, WHAT WAS IT, 30, 40%

772
00:25:54,452 --> 00:25:55,553
REDUCTION, 40% REDUCTION IN

773
00:25:55,620 --> 00:25:56,655
MATERNAL MORTALITY.

774
00:25:56,721 --> 00:25:58,290
JUST BASED ON THAT.

775
00:25:58,356 --> 00:25:59,624
SO THINK ABOUT THAT.

776
00:25:59,691 --> 00:26:01,393
A GENERIC DRUG THAT CAN BE GIVEN

777
00:26:01,459 --> 00:26:02,894
ONCE, HOW POWERFUL THAT IS, WHAT

778
00:26:02,961 --> 00:26:04,763
ELSE CAN WE FIND, AND THERE ARE

779
00:26:04,829 --> 00:26:05,997
FOLLOW-ON STUDIES GETTING

780
00:26:06,064 --> 00:26:06,898
PREPPED UP THAT WE'RE GOING TO

781
00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:08,266
BE WORKING ON WITH NICHD IN THIS

782
00:26:08,333 --> 00:26:10,535
AREA.

783
00:26:10,602 --> 00:26:12,637
WE ALSO LIKE TO SUPPORT THE NEXT

784
00:26:12,704 --> 00:26:13,939
GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS, SO WE

785
00:26:14,005 --> 00:26:15,707
HAVE A NUMBER OF TRAINING AND

786
00:26:15,774 --> 00:26:17,342
PRIZE AWARDS THAT WE DO THAT WE

787
00:26:17,409 --> 00:26:18,977
GIVE OUT EACH YEAR AND SO IF YOU

788
00:26:19,044 --> 00:26:20,111
AREN'T AWARE OF THESE, PLEASE DO

789
00:26:20,178 --> 00:26:21,613
TAKE A LOOK AT THE WEBSITE.

790
00:26:21,680 --> 00:26:23,581
I WON'T TALK MUCH ABOUT THEM

791
00:26:23,648 --> 00:26:26,618
TODAY BUT THEY ARE OPEN ACROSS

792
00:26:26,685 --> 00:26:30,355
VARIOUS BACKGROUNDS AND FIELDS.

793
00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:33,658
SO WHAT DO WE DO, THE FNIH

794
00:26:33,725 --> 00:26:33,992
SPECIFICALLY?

795
00:26:34,059 --> 00:26:37,629
WE KIND OF DO WHATEVER NEEDED TO

796
00:26:37,696 --> 00:26:37,963
DO.

797
00:26:38,029 --> 00:26:39,264
SO WHEN WE BRING EVERYONE

798
00:26:39,331 --> 00:26:40,432
TOGETHER UNDER THE BANNER, WE

799
00:26:40,498 --> 00:26:42,067
PLAY THE NEUTRAL THIRD PARTY

800
00:26:42,133 --> 00:26:42,867
BROKER.

801
00:26:42,934 --> 00:26:44,669
WE OFTEN SAY THAT WE DON'T HAVE

802
00:26:44,736 --> 00:26:46,104
A STAKE IN THE GAME.

803
00:26:46,171 --> 00:26:48,473
OUR ONLY STAKE IN THE GAME IS TO

804
00:26:48,540 --> 00:26:50,041
PROMOTE THE MOVEMENT FORWARD FOR

805
00:26:50,108 --> 00:26:51,443
HUMAN HEALTH.

806
00:26:51,509 --> 00:26:52,577
SO IF WE NEED DO GOVERNANCE AND

807
00:26:52,644 --> 00:26:53,979
WE NEED TO HELP MANAGE AND WE

808
00:26:54,045 --> 00:26:55,613
NEED TO BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER

809
00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:57,115
FOR CONSENSUS AND DISCUSSION, WE

810
00:26:57,182 --> 00:26:57,582
CAN DO THAT.

811
00:26:57,649 --> 00:26:59,884
WE CAN HELP POLICY MANAGEMENT,

812
00:26:59,951 --> 00:27:01,286
WE CAN HELP WRITE SPECIFIC

813
00:27:01,353 --> 00:27:02,387
POLICIES FOR EACH PARTNERSHIP

814
00:27:02,454 --> 00:27:04,255
THAT NEED TO BE THERE.

815
00:27:04,322 --> 00:27:04,789
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT.

816
00:27:04,856 --> 00:27:06,424
WE DO THIS QUITE WELL, WE DRIVE

817
00:27:06,491 --> 00:27:06,992
THINGS FORWARD.

818
00:27:07,058 --> 00:27:08,193
I OFTEN JOKE THAT WE PROBABLY

819
00:27:08,259 --> 00:27:09,627
COULD BE HARASSERS IN CHIEF JUST

820
00:27:09,694 --> 00:27:12,464
TO KEEP THINGS MOVING FORWARD.

821
00:27:12,530 --> 00:27:13,431
FUNDRAISING, RELATIONSHIP

822
00:27:13,498 --> 00:27:14,632
MANAGEMENT, WE DO A LOT OF THIS.

823
00:27:14,699 --> 00:27:15,834
I KNOW MANY PEOPLE ESPECIALLY

824
00:27:15,900 --> 00:27:17,936
THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN THIS ROOM

825
00:27:18,003 --> 00:27:19,571
HAVE WORKED WITH US BEFORE AND

826
00:27:19,637 --> 00:27:22,640
KNOW THAT WE WORK TO CULTIVATE

827
00:27:22,707 --> 00:27:24,142
THOSE RELATIONSHIPS.

828
00:27:24,209 --> 00:27:24,943
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

829
00:27:25,010 --> 00:27:25,310
MANAGEMENT.

830
00:27:25,377 --> 00:27:26,444
WE CAN ALSO DO THIS.

831
00:27:26,511 --> 00:27:30,849
WE TRY TO KEEP OURSELVES IN THE

832
00:27:30,915 --> 00:27:31,616
PRECOMPETITIVE SPACE BUT IT

833
00:27:31,683 --> 00:27:33,018
DOESN'T MEAN WE CAN'T ASSIST IF

834
00:27:33,084 --> 00:27:36,621
IP HAS TO BE DEALT WITH.

835
00:27:36,688 --> 00:27:38,423
SO I'M GOING TO TALK A LITTLE

836
00:27:38,490 --> 00:27:40,258
ABOUT THE BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM

837
00:27:40,325 --> 00:27:41,026
AND ONE OTHER PROJECT JUST

838
00:27:41,092 --> 00:27:41,893
BECAUSE I THINK FOR SOME OF THE

839
00:27:41,960 --> 00:27:42,761
EFFORTS THAT ARE GOING TO COME

840
00:27:42,827 --> 00:27:43,895
FORWARD IN MATERNAL HEALTH THAT

841
00:27:43,962 --> 00:27:44,963
WE'RE GOING TO BE WORKING WITH

842
00:27:45,030 --> 00:27:46,031
THIS GROUP ON, IT'S PROBABLY

843
00:27:46,097 --> 00:27:47,165
GOING TO FALL INTO ONE OF THE

844
00:27:47,232 --> 00:27:48,133
TWO BUCKETS THAT I'M GOING TO

845
00:27:48,199 --> 00:27:49,200
TALK ABOUT.

846
00:27:49,267 --> 00:27:51,269
SO WHAT IS THE BIOMARKERS

847
00:27:51,336 --> 00:27:52,170
CONSORTIUM?

848
00:27:52,237 --> 00:27:53,938
AGAIN, HUGE VISION, IMPROVING

849
00:27:54,005 --> 00:27:55,340
HEALTH THROUGH MEANINGFUL

850
00:27:55,407 --> 00:27:56,107
MEASUREMENTS, WHAT DOES THAT

851
00:27:56,174 --> 00:27:56,641
REALLY MEAN?

852
00:27:56,708 --> 00:27:58,410
WE'RE BASICALLY JUST LEADING

853
00:27:58,476 --> 00:28:00,045
CROSS SECTOR EFFORTS TO QUALIFY

854
00:28:00,111 --> 00:28:01,813
BIOMARKERS AND TOOLS FOR DRUG

855
00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:02,747
DEVELOPMENT, AND TO ACCELERATE

856
00:28:02,814 --> 00:28:04,049
THINGS DOWN THE REGULATORY

857
00:28:04,115 --> 00:28:05,950
SPACE.

858
00:28:06,017 --> 00:28:07,152
WE'VE BEEN AT THIS AGAIN FOR A

859
00:28:07,218 --> 00:28:08,153
NUMBER OF YEARS.

860
00:28:08,219 --> 00:28:09,554
WE'RE COMING UP NEXT YEAR ON OUR

861
00:28:09,621 --> 00:28:10,955
20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE

862
00:28:11,022 --> 00:28:11,856
BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM.

863
00:28:11,923 --> 00:28:14,793
WE'VE HAD NINE CLINICAL TOOLS,

864
00:28:14,859 --> 00:28:16,661
FIVE  FDA GUIDANCES, ONE

865
00:28:16,728 --> 00:28:17,962
QUALIFIED BIOMARKER OF THE NINE

866
00:28:18,029 --> 00:28:19,497
THAT THE FDA HAS QUALIFIED, WE

867
00:28:19,564 --> 00:28:20,398
ACTUALLY HAVE ONE THAT CAME OUT

868
00:28:20,465 --> 00:28:21,800
OF ONE OF OUR PROJECTS, AND AS

869
00:28:21,866 --> 00:28:23,768
YOU CAN SEE, A NUMBER OF

870
00:28:23,835 --> 00:28:24,736
PUBLICATIONS, CITATIONS, THAT

871
00:28:24,803 --> 00:28:26,071
SORT OF THING, AND THIS IS JUST

872
00:28:26,137 --> 00:28:27,705
FOR PERSPECTIVE, THIS IS OUR

873
00:28:27,772 --> 00:28:29,107
CURRENT MEMBERSHIP FOR THE

874
00:28:29,174 --> 00:28:29,908
BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM.

875
00:28:29,974 --> 00:28:31,242
THIS IS WHO COMES TO OUR TABLE,

876
00:28:31,309 --> 00:28:33,278
TALKS TO US ABOUT THIS, AND IT

877
00:28:33,344 --> 00:28:37,682
GOES ACROSS MULTIPLE DIFFERENT

878
00:28:37,749 --> 00:28:39,984
AREAS, BUT DEFINITELY WE'RE ABLE

879
00:28:40,051 --> 00:28:41,820
TO LEVERAGE ALL OF THOSE PEOPLE.

880
00:28:41,886 --> 00:28:43,021
ONE OF THE THINGS AND I WON'T

881
00:28:43,088 --> 00:28:44,222
TALK A LOT ABOUT THIS PROJECT

882
00:28:44,289 --> 00:28:47,292
BUT DEFINITELY YOU CAN TALK TO

883
00:28:47,358 --> 00:28:48,426
KARINA OR MELISSA IN THE ROOM IF

884
00:28:48,493 --> 00:28:49,694
YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE IN

885
00:28:49,761 --> 00:28:51,463
PARTICULAR BUT WE JUST LAUNCHED

886
00:28:51,529 --> 00:28:53,264
EARLIER THIS YEAR BIOMARKER FOR

887
00:28:53,331 --> 00:28:55,500
RISK AND STRATIFICATION OF EARLY

888
00:28:55,567 --> 00:28:56,601
ONSET PRE-ECLAMPSIA THIS IS ONE

889
00:28:56,668 --> 00:28:59,104
OF OUR FIRST KIND OF BIOMARKER

890
00:28:59,170 --> 00:29:00,071
CONSORTIUM FORAYS INTO THE

891
00:29:00,138 --> 00:29:00,638
MATERNAL HEALTH SPACE.

892
00:29:00,705 --> 00:29:01,739
WE'RE VERY EXCITED AND VERY

893
00:29:01,806 --> 00:29:03,007
HAPPY TO HAVE THIS LAUNCHED AND

894
00:29:03,074 --> 00:29:04,242
WE HOPE THAT IT WILL BE ONE OF

895
00:29:04,309 --> 00:29:05,343
MANY PROJECTS THAT WE GET TO

896
00:29:05,410 --> 00:29:06,878
WORK WITH NICHD ON IN THIS

897
00:29:06,945 --> 00:29:09,481
SPACE.

898
00:29:09,547 --> 00:29:11,249
THE OTHER PARTNERSHIP FORMAT

899
00:29:11,316 --> 00:29:12,784
THAT I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT IS

900
00:29:12,851 --> 00:29:14,953
THE ACCELERATING MEDICINES

901
00:29:15,019 --> 00:29:15,386
PARTNERSHIP.

902
00:29:15,453 --> 00:29:17,255
WHEREAS THE BIOMARKERS IS

903
00:29:17,322 --> 00:29:19,557
FOCUSED A LOT ON BIOMARKER AND

904
00:29:19,624 --> 00:29:21,392
TOOL DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATORY

905
00:29:21,459 --> 00:29:21,826
SPACE.

906
00:29:21,893 --> 00:29:23,695
THINK ABOUT THIS AS TARGET

907
00:29:23,761 --> 00:29:24,562
IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION,

908
00:29:24,629 --> 00:29:25,663
SO THESE ARE OUR BIG DATA

909
00:29:25,730 --> 00:29:26,865
PROJECTS THAT WE PUT TOGETHER.

910
00:29:26,931 --> 00:29:29,267
SO ALL OF THAT LOVELY DATA

911
00:29:29,334 --> 00:29:30,168
INTEROPERABILITY AND PIECES THAT

912
00:29:30,235 --> 00:29:32,237
ALISON WAS TALKING ABOUT, WE'RE

913
00:29:32,303 --> 00:29:33,338
PUSHING FORWARD IN THIS SPACE.

914
00:29:33,404 --> 00:29:35,306
WE HAVE 10 ACCELERATING

915
00:29:35,373 --> 00:29:37,842
MEDICINES PARTNERSHIPS.

916
00:29:37,909 --> 00:29:39,677
34 INDUSTRY PARTNERS, TOTAL

917
00:29:39,744 --> 00:29:42,580
INVESTMENT OF 134 --

918
00:29:42,647 --> 00:29:42,914
$834 MILLION.

919
00:29:42,981 --> 00:29:43,982
WE'VE BEEN AT THIS ONE FOR 10

920
00:29:44,048 --> 00:29:44,182
YEARS.

921
00:29:44,249 --> 00:29:48,119
WE JUST CELEBRATED OUR 10-YEAR

922
00:29:48,186 --> 00:29:49,220
ANNIVERSARY AT THE START OF THE

923
00:29:49,287 --> 00:29:49,454
YEAR.

924
00:29:49,521 --> 00:29:51,289
WE HAVE CERTAIN OF THE

925
00:29:51,356 --> 00:29:52,857
INSTITUTES AND 37 NON-PROFITS

926
00:29:52,924 --> 00:29:53,925
THAT PARTICIPATE IN THESE.

927
00:29:53,992 --> 00:29:55,560
AS YOU CAN SEE THEY GO ACROSS A

928
00:29:55,627 --> 00:29:56,961
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT DISEASE

929
00:29:57,028 --> 00:29:58,830
AREAS, ALZHEIMER'S, COMMON

930
00:29:58,897 --> 00:30:01,032
METABOLIC DISEASE, AUTOIMMUNE

931
00:30:01,099 --> 00:30:05,303
AND IMMUNE MEDIATED DISEASES,

932
00:30:05,370 --> 00:30:06,571
PARKINSON'S, HEART FAILURE, A

933
00:30:06,638 --> 00:30:07,805
LOT OF THINGS THAT ACTUALLY PLAY

934
00:30:07,872 --> 00:30:09,140
IN WOMEN'S AND MATERNAL HEALTH

935
00:30:09,207 --> 00:30:10,341
EVEN THOUGH THEY'RE NOT

936
00:30:10,408 --> 00:30:11,309
SPECIFICALLY NAMED THERE.

937
00:30:11,376 --> 00:30:12,710
WE'RE GETTING READY TO LAUNCH

938
00:30:12,777 --> 00:30:15,980
NEW EFFORTS IN ALS AS WELL AS

939
00:30:16,047 --> 00:30:18,883
CELL THERAPY, AND THE ONE DOWN

940
00:30:18,950 --> 00:30:21,286
THERE SBI, THE SYSTEMS BIOLOGY

941
00:30:21,352 --> 00:30:22,253
OF INFLAMMATION, THIS IS GOING

942
00:30:22,320 --> 00:30:24,656
TO BE OUR FIRST FORAY INTO DATA

943
00:30:24,722 --> 00:30:25,056
INTEROPERABILITY.

944
00:30:25,123 --> 00:30:26,157
WE'RE TRYING TO TAKE THE DATA

945
00:30:26,224 --> 00:30:28,259
FROM MANY OF THESE OTHER AMPS,

946
00:30:28,326 --> 00:30:30,695
UNIFY THEM TOGETHER TO STUDY

947
00:30:30,762 --> 00:30:31,663
CROSS PLATFORMS.

948
00:30:31,729 --> 00:30:32,964
IN PARTICULAR THIS IS FOR

949
00:30:33,031 --> 00:30:33,831
INFLAMMATION, BUT WHAT I WOULD

950
00:30:33,898 --> 00:30:35,700
LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT THERE IS THAT

951
00:30:35,767 --> 00:30:38,436
ONCE WE HAVE ALL THOSE DATA

952
00:30:38,503 --> 00:30:39,204
TOGETHER, AND WE CAN START

953
00:30:39,270 --> 00:30:40,838
PULLING IN OTHER DATA MAYBE FROM

954
00:30:40,905 --> 00:30:42,273
NICHD RESOURCES, IMAGINE WHAT WE

955
00:30:42,340 --> 00:30:45,743
COULD FIND ACROSS ALL OF THAT

956
00:30:45,810 --> 00:30:49,214
DATA, INFLAMMATION AND OTHERW

957
00:30:49,280 --> 00:30:49,480
OTHERWISE.

958
00:30:49,547 --> 00:30:50,982
SO THIS IS JUST A PITCH, WHY

959
00:30:51,049 --> 00:30:52,884
WOULD YOU WANT TO COME WORK WITH

960
00:30:52,951 --> 00:30:53,184
US?

961
00:30:53,251 --> 00:30:54,953
WE START WITH THE GOAL IN MIND,

962
00:30:55,019 --> 00:30:57,021
SO UNLIKE NIH, WE DON'T GET A

963
00:30:57,088 --> 00:30:57,855
CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATION.

964
00:30:57,922 --> 00:30:59,991
PEOPLE COME TO US WITH AN IDEA,

965
00:31:00,058 --> 00:31:01,626
WHETHER THAT BE NIH OR ONE OF

966
00:31:01,693 --> 00:31:03,695
THE PRIVATE SECTORS, WE LISTEN,

967
00:31:03,761 --> 00:31:05,029
WE CONVENE THE STAKEHOLDERS, WE

968
00:31:05,096 --> 00:31:09,267
TRY AND FIGURE OUT WHAT THE

969
00:31:09,334 --> 00:31:10,501
SPECIFIC NEED FOR A PARTNERSHIP

970
00:31:10,568 --> 00:31:11,336
IS IN THAT AREA.

971
00:31:11,402 --> 00:31:13,204
WE THEN DESIGN AND SCOPE THE

972
00:31:13,271 --> 00:31:14,405
PARTNERSHIP TO WHAT WE THINK

973
00:31:14,472 --> 00:31:17,475
WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL, ACTIVATE BY

974
00:31:17,542 --> 00:31:18,776
ENGAGING AND BRINGING IN ALL THE

975
00:31:18,843 --> 00:31:20,445
PARTNERS AND THEN WE MANAGE IT

976
00:31:20,511 --> 00:31:21,312
FROM LAUNCH TO IMPACT.

977
00:31:21,379 --> 00:31:22,714
THAT IS WHERE WE ARE GOING TO

978
00:31:22,780 --> 00:31:24,682
BE, AND WE INTENTIONALLY ARE

979
00:31:24,749 --> 00:31:26,551
DOING MUCH MORE FOLLOW-UP TO SEE

980
00:31:26,618 --> 00:31:28,219
WHAT OUR IMPACT HAS BEEN FOR ALL

981
00:31:28,286 --> 00:31:29,621
THE PROJECTS THAT WE'VE MANAGED

982
00:31:29,687 --> 00:31:31,155
OVER THE LAST 25 YEARS AND WE'RE

983
00:31:31,222 --> 00:31:32,457
GOING TO BE DOING A LOT MORE OF

984
00:31:32,523 --> 00:31:35,093
THAT MOVING FORWARD.

985
00:31:35,159 --> 00:31:36,327
SO WITH ALL THAT SAID, THANK YOU

986
00:31:36,394 --> 00:31:38,062
VERY MUCH FOR LISTENING AND I

987
00:31:38,129 --> 00:31:40,231
HOPE YOU'LL KEEP THE FNIH IN

988
00:31:40,298 --> 00:31:42,400
MIND ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRIVATE

989
00:31:42,467 --> 00:31:43,301
SECTORS IN THE ROOM WHEN YOU

990
00:31:43,368 --> 00:31:44,936
WANT TO COME WORK WITH US IN

991
00:31:45,003 --> 00:31:46,904
NICHD AND I'LL TURN IT OVER TO

992
00:31:46,971 --> 00:31:57,215
AARON PAWLYK.

993
00:32:02,253 --> 00:32:03,855
>> FIRST THING I WANT TO DO, A

994
00:32:03,921 --> 00:32:04,956
LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY OF WHERE

995
00:32:05,023 --> 00:32:06,157
THIS WORKSHOP CAME FROM AND A

996
00:32:06,224 --> 00:32:09,127
DEFINITELY SOME THANKS.

997
00:32:09,193 --> 00:32:10,194
SO IT'S ACTUALLY THE KICK YOFER

998
00:32:10,261 --> 00:32:12,597
OF THAT PREECLAMPSIA BIOMARKER

999
00:32:12,664 --> 00:32:15,900
PROJECT THAT STACEY MENTIONED,

1000
00:32:15,967 --> 00:32:19,103
WE WERE SITTING AROUND AND I

1001
00:32:19,170 --> 00:32:22,240
MENTIONED, HEY, MELISSA, HANI,

1002
00:32:22,307 --> 00:32:22,874
SASHA, MAYBE YOU COULD GET

1003
00:32:22,940 --> 00:32:25,643
TOGETHER AND WE COULD HAVE CALL

1004
00:32:25,710 --> 00:32:27,045
OR HALF DAY OR SOMETHING TALKING

1005
00:32:27,111 --> 00:32:28,046
ABOUT BIOSAMPLE STANDARDS.

1006
00:32:28,112 --> 00:32:32,517
SO THE WORKSHOP TODAY IS A VAST

1007
00:32:32,583 --> 00:32:33,484
IMPROVEMENT ON THAT INITIAL IDEA

1008
00:32:33,551 --> 00:32:36,321
I PUT OUT THERE, SO A LOT OF

1009
00:32:36,387 --> 00:32:37,355
THANKS TO THEM FOR REALLY

1010
00:32:37,422 --> 00:32:38,423
DEVELOPING THIS INTO SOMETHING

1011
00:32:38,489 --> 00:32:43,561
FAR MORE SUBSTANTIAL THAN WAS

1012
00:32:43,628 --> 00:32:44,529
THE INITIAL SEED THAT WAS

1013
00:32:44,595 --> 00:32:44,996
PLANTED.

1014
00:32:45,063 --> 00:32:47,165
SO THEY'RE VERY GOOD GARDENERS.

1015
00:32:47,231 --> 00:32:48,700
WHAT I WANT TO DO TODAY IS SORT

1016
00:32:48,766 --> 00:32:52,937
OF FRAME THIS IN TERMS OF WHERES

1017
00:32:53,004 --> 00:32:54,939
TO THIS FIT IN SORT OF THE

1018
00:32:55,006 --> 00:32:55,973
BROADER ECOSYSTEM, WHAT ARE WE

1019
00:32:56,040 --> 00:32:57,241
TRYING TO DO BIG PICTURE AND

1020
00:32:57,308 --> 00:32:58,209
SPECIFICALLY TODAY, WHAT WE'RE

1021
00:32:58,276 --> 00:33:00,845
GOING TO TALK ABOUT AND THEN

1022
00:33:00,912 --> 00:33:01,846
SOME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES.

1023
00:33:01,913 --> 00:33:03,481
WE'RE NOT GOING TO SOLVE

1024
00:33:03,548 --> 00:33:04,349
EVERYTHING TODAY, WE'RE NOT

1025
00:33:04,415 --> 00:33:05,116
GOING TO FIGURE OUT EVERYTHING

1026
00:33:05,183 --> 00:33:06,651
WE NEED TO DO TODAY SO KEEP THAT

1027
00:33:06,718 --> 00:33:08,186
IN MIND IF WE CAN FIGURE SOME

1028
00:33:08,252 --> 00:33:08,853
THINGS OUT, GREAT.

1029
00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:10,355
WE'RE GOING TO HAVE FOLLOW-ON

1030
00:33:10,421 --> 00:33:11,489
CONVERSATIONS AND FOLLOW-ON

1031
00:33:11,556 --> 00:33:13,224
ACTIVITIES.

1032
00:33:13,291 --> 00:33:14,759
WHAT I WANT TO TALK ABOUT NOW IS

1033
00:33:14,826 --> 00:33:17,195
HOW WE GET TO NOVEL THERAPEUTICS

1034
00:33:17,261 --> 00:33:18,229
FOR ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES

1035
00:33:18,296 --> 00:33:19,364
AND THE ROLE OF WHAT WE'D LIKE

1036
00:33:19,430 --> 00:33:20,798
TO CREATE AND WHAT WE'RE GOING

1037
00:33:20,865 --> 00:33:31,209
TO TALK ABOUT TODAY.

1038
00:33:32,944 --> 00:33:35,446
ALL RIGHT.

1039
00:33:35,513 --> 00:33:37,081
SO WHEN I THINK ABOUT NOVEL

1040
00:33:37,148 --> 00:33:38,950
DRUGS FOR ADVERSE PREGNANCY

1041
00:33:39,016 --> 00:33:40,918
OUTCOMES I THINK ABOUT IT AS A

1042
00:33:40,985 --> 00:33:42,220
FOUR-LEGGED STOOL -- OR

1043
00:33:42,286 --> 00:33:43,087
THREE-LEGGED STOOL.

1044
00:33:43,154 --> 00:33:44,322
THERE'S THREE THINGS WE REALLY

1045
00:33:44,389 --> 00:33:45,623
NEED TO BE SUCCESSFUL HERE.

1046
00:33:45,690 --> 00:33:47,492
FIRST IS IMPROVE NON-CLINICAL

1047
00:33:47,558 --> 00:33:49,127
SAFETY MODELS AND ASSESSMENT.

1048
00:33:49,193 --> 00:33:51,195
THE OTHER IS QUALIFIED

1049
00:33:51,262 --> 00:33:52,029
BIOMARKERS.

1050
00:33:52,096 --> 00:33:55,166
AND THE OTHER IS DRUG TARGET

1051
00:33:55,233 --> 00:33:55,900
VALIDATION.

1052
00:33:55,967 --> 00:33:57,201
SO VERY BRIEFLY ON THE

1053
00:33:57,268 --> 00:33:58,202
NON-CLINICAL MODELS BECAUSE

1054
00:33:58,269 --> 00:33:59,937
THAT'S NOT OUR FOCUS TODAY BUT I

1055
00:34:00,004 --> 00:34:00,905
DO WANT TO HIGHLIGHT HERE THE

1056
00:34:00,972 --> 00:34:03,107
FACT THAT THE NICHD DOES SUPPORT

1057
00:34:03,174 --> 00:34:04,876
A VARIETY OF RESEARCH

1058
00:34:04,942 --> 00:34:06,277
INITIATIVES IN THIS AREA.

1059
00:34:06,344 --> 00:34:08,746
OFTEN IN PARTNERSHIP WITH OTHER

1060
00:34:08,813 --> 00:34:10,515
INSTITUTES SUCH AS NCATS, THAT'S

1061
00:34:10,581 --> 00:34:13,985
THE FIRST GRANT, AND WE HAVE ONE

1062
00:34:14,051 --> 00:34:14,986
OF THE INVESTIGATORS HERE TODAY

1063
00:34:15,052 --> 00:34:16,154
THAT WILL BE SPEAKING AND

1064
00:34:16,220 --> 00:34:17,288
LEADING SOME SESSIONS LATER.

1065
00:34:17,355 --> 00:34:18,189
JUST ON THE LEFT HERE IS

1066
00:34:18,256 --> 00:34:22,026
ACTUALLY A PHOTO FR FROM THE

1067
00:34:22,093 --> 00:34:22,760
PROJECT.

1068
00:34:22,827 --> 00:34:24,295
THAT'S A MICROPHYSIOLOGICAL

1069
00:34:24,362 --> 00:34:25,096
SYSTEM LOOKING AT TRANSPORT

1070
00:34:25,163 --> 00:34:29,033
ACROSS THE PLACENTAL BARRIER.

1071
00:34:29,100 --> 00:34:32,170
THERE'S ALSO AN NIH COMMON FUND

1072
00:34:32,236 --> 00:34:37,542
PROGRAM CALLED COMPLEMENTARIE TO

1073
00:34:37,608 --> 00:34:38,843
DEVELOP NOVEL APPROACH

1074
00:34:38,910 --> 00:34:40,478
METHODOLOGIES OR NEW APPROACH

1075
00:34:40,545 --> 00:34:42,013
METHODOLOGIES TO SERVE IN THIS

1076
00:34:42,079 --> 00:34:42,914
NON-CLINICAL SPACE.

1077
00:34:42,980 --> 00:34:45,650
SO THE NICHD IS VERY ACTIVE IN

1078
00:34:45,716 --> 00:34:46,851
THIS PROGRAM.

1079
00:34:46,918 --> 00:34:47,852
IT'S CURRENTLY BEING SCOPED OUT

1080
00:34:47,919 --> 00:34:49,787
BY THE COMMON FUND SO WE'LL KEEP

1081
00:34:49,854 --> 00:34:50,888
EVERYBODY IN THE LOOP BECAUSE

1082
00:34:50,955 --> 00:34:52,089
THIS MAY BE ANOTHER WAY TO GET

1083
00:34:52,156 --> 00:34:54,058
TO SOME OF THOSE NEW MODELS.

1084
00:34:54,125 --> 00:34:56,060
BRIEFLY, I WANT TO INTRODUCE A

1085
00:34:56,127 --> 00:34:56,227
YOU?

1086
00:34:56,294 --> 00:34:57,895
NETWORK THAT THE NICHD IS

1087
00:34:57,962 --> 00:34:58,763
KICKING OFF.

1088
00:34:58,830 --> 00:35:00,865
THIS IS THE NIH TRANSPORTER

1089
00:35:00,932 --> 00:35:02,066
ELUCIDATION NETWORK, WHICH WE'RE

1090
00:35:02,133 --> 00:35:03,701
FUNDING IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE

1091
00:35:03,768 --> 00:35:04,936
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DRUG ABUSE

1092
00:35:05,002 --> 00:35:07,104
AS WELL AS THE OFFICE OF DIETARY

1093
00:35:07,171 --> 00:35:07,672
SUPPLEMENTS.

1094
00:35:07,738 --> 00:35:10,141
THIS IS FOCUSED ON SPECIFICALLY

1095
00:35:10,208 --> 00:35:12,677
SLC AND ABC TRANSPORTERS, AND

1096
00:35:12,743 --> 00:35:15,980
HOW THEY FUNCTION ESSENTIALLY TO

1097
00:35:16,047 --> 00:35:17,281
GET NUTRIENTS, DRUGS,

1098
00:35:17,348 --> 00:35:19,417
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPOUNDS, FROM

1099
00:35:19,484 --> 00:35:22,787
MOM TO BABY OR MOM TO FETUS.

1100
00:35:22,854 --> 00:35:24,055
THIS IS CURRENTLY COMPOSED OF

1101
00:35:24,121 --> 00:35:24,522
FOUR CENTERS.

1102
00:35:24,589 --> 00:35:25,523
I'M NOT GOING TO GO THROUGH

1103
00:35:25,590 --> 00:35:26,390
THESE IN DETAIL.

1104
00:35:26,457 --> 00:35:28,693
IF ANYBODY IS GOING TO ASPT IN A

1105
00:35:28,759 --> 00:35:30,294
COUPLE WEEKS, WE ACTUALLY HAVE A

1106
00:35:30,361 --> 00:35:33,297
SESSION ON SUNDAY ABOUT THAT,

1107
00:35:33,364 --> 00:35:34,398
BUT THIS REALLY STARTS TO FILL

1108
00:35:34,465 --> 00:35:35,733
IN SOME OF THE BASIC SCIENCE

1109
00:35:35,800 --> 00:35:36,400
AROUND TRANSPORT THAT WE'RE

1110
00:35:36,467 --> 00:35:37,802
GOING TO NEED TO UNDERSTAND FOR

1111
00:35:37,869 --> 00:35:41,539
THOSE NON-CLINICAL MODELS.

1112
00:35:41,606 --> 00:35:43,407
THE SECOND STOOL QUALIFIED

1113
00:35:43,474 --> 00:35:43,708
BIOMARKERS.

1114
00:35:43,774 --> 00:35:46,310
THIS IS THE PROJECT THAT STACEY

1115
00:35:46,377 --> 00:35:47,445
MENTIONED THAT A LOT OF WORK

1116
00:35:47,512 --> 00:35:49,213
WENT INTO IN GETTING THIS KICKED

1117
00:35:49,280 --> 00:35:49,514
OFF.

1118
00:35:49,580 --> 00:35:51,516
WHAT I WANT TO EMPHASIZE HERE IN

1119
00:35:51,582 --> 00:35:52,817
THE BOTTOM HERE IS THE FACT THAT

1120
00:35:52,884 --> 00:35:55,887
THIS IS FOCUSING ON TWO

1121
00:35:55,953 --> 00:35:59,156
ANGIOGENIC BIOMARKERS, PLGF AND

1122
00:35:59,223 --> 00:36:00,157
PAPP-A.

1123
00:36:00,224 --> 00:36:01,826
THIS IS A REALLY IMPORTANT

1124
00:36:01,893 --> 00:36:05,429
PROJECT THAT G GOING TO LOOK ATA

1125
00:36:05,496 --> 00:36:07,598
VERY ETHNICALLY DIVERSE NORTH

1126
00:36:07,665 --> 00:36:09,600
MEARN COHORT TO TRY TO QUALIFY

1127
00:36:09,667 --> 00:36:11,335
THESE BIOMARKERS IN THE U.S. VIA

1128
00:36:11,402 --> 00:36:13,004
THE FDA, WHICH ARE AVAILABLE IN

1129
00:36:13,070 --> 00:36:13,871
OTHER COUNTRIES.

1130
00:36:13,938 --> 00:36:15,406
THESE ARE USED IN A LOT OF OTHER

1131
00:36:15,473 --> 00:36:16,507
COUNTRIES BUT WE DON'T HAVE

1132
00:36:16,574 --> 00:36:18,042
REGULATORY APPROVAL AND THE DATA

1133
00:36:18,109 --> 00:36:20,011
TO SUPPORT THAT IN AMERICA.

1134
00:36:20,077 --> 00:36:22,013
SO THAT'S WHAT THIS PROJECT

1135
00:36:22,079 --> 00:36:23,214
FOCUSES ON.

1136
00:36:23,281 --> 00:36:24,382
SPECIFICALLY THESE ARE THE

1137
00:36:24,448 --> 00:36:26,517
PARTNERS OF THIS PROGRAM, JUST

1138
00:36:26,584 --> 00:36:27,585
SO YOU CAN SEE.

1139
00:36:27,652 --> 00:36:28,986
I BELIEVE SOME OF THEM MAY BE

1140
00:36:29,053 --> 00:36:30,087
HOPEFULLY WATCHING OR IN

1141
00:36:30,154 --> 00:36:33,291
ATTENDANCE TODAY.

1142
00:36:33,357 --> 00:36:35,326
SO THAT'S REALLY SORT OF

1143
00:36:35,393 --> 00:36:36,494
BRINGING AMERICA AND THE U.S.

1144
00:36:36,561 --> 00:36:39,964
AND OUR PATIENTS TO CURRENT

1145
00:36:40,031 --> 00:36:43,434
EXISTING LEVELS OF PREDICTION

1146
00:36:43,501 --> 00:36:46,070
FOR PRE-ECLAMPSIA I DON'T WANT

1147
00:36:46,137 --> 00:36:47,638
TO TALK TOO MUCH ABOUT THE

1148
00:36:47,705 --> 00:36:49,040
MPRINT HUB PER SE.

1149
00:36:49,106 --> 00:36:50,808
WE'LL HEAR TALKS FROM MEMBERS OF

1150
00:36:50,875 --> 00:36:52,777
THAT GROUP AND ALISON PRESENTED

1151
00:36:52,843 --> 00:36:53,644
A LITTLE BIT ON THAT.

1152
00:36:53,711 --> 00:36:54,845
WHAT I DO WANT TO HIGHLIGHT AND

1153
00:36:54,912 --> 00:36:56,814
YOU'LL HEAR MORE ABOUT THIS WHEN

1154
00:36:56,881 --> 00:36:57,982
HANI TALKS IS THROUGH THAT, WE

1155
00:36:58,049 --> 00:37:00,685
WERE ABLE TO CREATE A REPOSITORY

1156
00:37:00,751 --> 00:37:02,787
CALLED THE COLLABORATIVE ONLINE

1157
00:37:02,853 --> 00:37:03,888
PERINATAL AND PEDIATRIC

1158
00:37:03,955 --> 00:37:04,855
REPOSITORY.

1159
00:37:04,922 --> 00:37:07,358
WHICH HAS REALLY BEEN FOCUSING

1160
00:37:07,425 --> 00:37:10,528
ON FINDING AND IDENTIFYING WHAT

1161
00:37:10,595 --> 00:37:13,931
ARE EXISTING BIOBANKS THAT WE

1162
00:37:13,998 --> 00:37:14,832
CAN LEVERAGE, WHAT HAVE WE

1163
00:37:14,899 --> 00:37:15,933
ALREADY COLLECTED, WHAT DO

1164
00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,202
PEOPLE HAVE IN THEIR FREEZERS.

1165
00:37:18,269 --> 00:37:20,871
THE IT'S CURRENTLY FOCUSED ON

1166
00:37:20,938 --> 00:37:22,073
RETROSPECTIVE SAMPLE ANALYSIS.

1167
00:37:22,139 --> 00:37:24,141
SO THAT'S ONE THING THAT WE'RE

1168
00:37:24,208 --> 00:37:26,644
FOCUSING ON.

1169
00:37:26,711 --> 00:37:28,079
WE ALSO WANT TO BE A LITTLE BIT

1170
00:37:28,145 --> 00:37:29,213
MORE FORWARD-THINKING AND REALLY

1171
00:37:29,280 --> 00:37:30,615
THINK ABOUT WHAT ARE THE NEW

1172
00:37:30,681 --> 00:37:31,916
TECHNOLOGIES, WHAT ARE THE NEW

1173
00:37:31,983 --> 00:37:33,684
FUTURE BIOMARKERS, ESPECIALLY

1174
00:37:33,751 --> 00:37:35,419
ONES THAT CAN GET TO DISEASE

1175
00:37:35,486 --> 00:37:36,087
HETEROGENEITY.

1176
00:37:36,153 --> 00:37:38,422
I THINK MOST PEOPLE WOULD AGREE,

1177
00:37:38,489 --> 00:37:42,426
PREECLAMPSIA IS PROBABLY NOT ONE

1178
00:37:42,493 --> 00:37:43,761
MONOLITHIC DISORDER, IT PROBABLY

1179
00:37:43,828 --> 00:37:45,429
HAS MULTIPLE SUBTYPES AND THERE

1180
00:37:45,496 --> 00:37:46,364
IS SOME EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS

1181
00:37:46,430 --> 00:37:49,033
THAT AND A THAT'S LIKELY TRUE

1182
00:37:49,100 --> 00:37:53,838
FOR ALL IF NOT MOST OTHER

1183
00:37:53,904 --> 00:37:55,373
ADVERSE OUTCOMES.

1184
00:37:55,439 --> 00:37:56,407
WE'LL TALK MORE ABOUT THIS

1185
00:37:56,474 --> 00:37:57,241
LATER, I DON'T WANT TO TALK

1186
00:37:57,308 --> 00:37:58,743
ABOUT IT NOW, BUT IT WAS ANOTHER

1187
00:37:58,809 --> 00:38:00,244
PROJECT THAT THROUGH THE M PRINT

1188
00:38:00,311 --> 00:38:04,815
HUB AND ITS TRANSLATIONAL

1189
00:38:04,882 --> 00:38:05,916
RESOURCE RESEARCH PLATFORM,

1190
00:38:05,983 --> 00:38:07,351
WE'RE STARTING TO MOVE IN THAT

1191
00:38:07,418 --> 00:38:07,785
DIRECTION.

1192
00:38:07,852 --> 00:38:08,419
THAT'S DEFINITELY SOMETHING I

1193
00:38:08,486 --> 00:38:09,854
WANT US TO THINK ABOUT MORE

1194
00:38:09,920 --> 00:38:10,855
TODAY, WHAT ARE THE

1195
00:38:10,921 --> 00:38:11,722
TECHNOLOGIES, AND THAT'S WHY WE

1196
00:38:11,789 --> 00:38:14,225
HAVE A LOT OF TALKS ON THESE NEW

1197
00:38:14,291 --> 00:38:15,393
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND

1198
00:38:15,459 --> 00:38:15,693
APPROACHES.

1199
00:38:15,760 --> 00:38:16,560
SO REALLY THINKING ABOUT WHAT

1200
00:38:16,627 --> 00:38:19,330
ARE THE NEXT GENERATIONS OF

1201
00:38:19,397 --> 00:38:20,197
BIOMARKERS, ESPECIALLY IF THEY

1202
00:38:20,264 --> 00:38:21,732
CAN BE LINKED TO DISEASE

1203
00:38:21,799 --> 00:38:26,003
SUBTYPES WITH SPECIFIC DRUG

1204
00:38:26,070 --> 00:38:28,205
PATHWAYS THAT COULD BE TARGETED.

1205
00:38:28,272 --> 00:38:30,074
SO NEXT UP I WANT TO TALK A

1206
00:38:30,141 --> 00:38:33,010
LITTLE BIT ABOUT DRUG TARGET

1207
00:38:33,077 --> 00:38:36,847
VALIDATION.

1208
00:38:36,914 --> 00:38:38,082
BEFORE I DIVE INTO THAT OR HOW

1209
00:38:38,149 --> 00:38:40,017
WE DO THAT ON A LARGER SCALE,

1210
00:38:40,084 --> 00:38:42,420
THE NICHD THROUGH THE SBIR AND

1211
00:38:42,486 --> 00:38:44,355
STTR PROGRAMS, WHICH WE VIEW AS

1212
00:38:44,422 --> 00:38:46,190
AMERICA'S SEED FUND FOR

1213
00:38:46,257 --> 00:38:49,360
COMPANIES AND PROJECTS, WE DO

1214
00:38:49,427 --> 00:38:51,395
SUPPORT A FAIR NUMBER OF NOVEL

1215
00:38:51,462 --> 00:38:52,329
THERAPEUTICS FOR OBSTETRICS

1216
00:38:52,396 --> 00:38:53,130
CONDITIONS AND SEVERAL ARE

1217
00:38:53,197 --> 00:38:53,698
LISTED HERE.

1218
00:38:53,764 --> 00:38:55,966
THESE ARE ALL COMPANIES.

1219
00:38:56,033 --> 00:38:57,401
THIS IS NOT ALL INCLUSIVE AND

1220
00:38:57,468 --> 00:39:00,571
YOU CAN DO A SEARCH FOR THIS

1221
00:39:00,638 --> 00:39:01,906
THROUGH THE NIH REPORTER TOOL IF

1222
00:39:01,972 --> 00:39:03,774
YOU WANT TO SEE MORE

1223
00:39:03,841 --> 00:39:04,742
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THAT,

1224
00:39:04,809 --> 00:39:06,143
SO THERE'S A LOT OF REALLY COOL

1225
00:39:06,210 --> 00:39:07,845
SCIENCE GOING ON HERE.

1226
00:39:07,912 --> 00:39:09,480
BUT WHAT I WANT TO FOCUS ON IN

1227
00:39:09,547 --> 00:39:10,715
THE CONTEXT OF THIS WORKSHOP AND

1228
00:39:10,781 --> 00:39:14,085
WHAT I WANT EVERYBODY TO THINK

1229
00:39:14,151 --> 00:39:15,619
ABOUT HOW WE DO THAT ON A LARGER

1230
00:39:15,686 --> 00:39:18,022
SCALE AND HOW DO WE GET TO

1231
00:39:18,089 --> 00:39:19,056
LARGER SCALE VALIDATION THAT

1232
00:39:19,123 --> 00:39:20,357
WOULD MAKE THE LARGE

1233
00:39:20,424 --> 00:39:21,192
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES IN THE

1234
00:39:21,258 --> 00:39:22,059
WORLD INTERESTED IN THESE

1235
00:39:22,126 --> 00:39:24,295
TARGETS AND THESE BIOMARKERS.

1236
00:39:24,361 --> 00:39:26,397
SO AS ALISON MENTIONED, DASH IS

1237
00:39:26,464 --> 00:39:28,232
A RESOURCE WHICH THE NICHD HAS

1238
00:39:28,299 --> 00:39:33,270
WHICH HOSTS A HUGE AMOUNT OF

1239
00:39:33,337 --> 00:39:37,675
DATA, A LARGE AMOUNT OF BIOSES

1240
00:39:37,742 --> 00:39:38,676
BIOSPECIMENS AS WELL AND WE CAN

1241
00:39:38,743 --> 00:39:39,677
BE THINKING ABOUT THAT SOME

1242
00:39:39,744 --> 00:39:40,544
THROUGHOUT THE DAY.

1243
00:39:40,611 --> 00:39:42,646
I ALSO WANT TO -- AS WELL AS THE

1244
00:39:42,713 --> 00:39:44,615
BIOMARKER CONSORTIUM, CITY SEE

1245
00:39:44,682 --> 00:39:46,917
DID INTRODUCE THE ACCELERATING

1246
00:39:46,984 --> 00:39:48,018
MEDICINES PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS.

1247
00:39:48,085 --> 00:39:49,353
THESE VERY OFTEN HAVE KNOWLEDGE

1248
00:39:49,420 --> 00:39:51,155
BASES AND ANALYSIS PLATFORMS

1249
00:39:51,222 --> 00:39:54,658
WHICH ARE COUPLED TO

1250
00:39:54,725 --> 00:39:55,993
IDENTIFYING, USING THOSE LARGE

1251
00:39:56,060 --> 00:39:58,662
SCALE DATASETS, ANALYTICAL

1252
00:39:58,729 --> 00:40:02,633
TOOLS, BIOSAMPLES, NEW COLLECTED

1253
00:40:02,700 --> 00:40:05,903
SAMPLES, T TO DO COMPLEX ANALYSS

1254
00:40:05,970 --> 00:40:07,404
TO GET TO THESE PATHWAYS, AND

1255
00:40:07,471 --> 00:40:09,940
THESE PATHWAYS, PROBABLY SAY

1256
00:40:10,007 --> 00:40:10,975
NETWORKS, THEY'RE VERY

1257
00:40:11,041 --> 00:40:13,944
COMPLICATED, THAT WILL YIELD

1258
00:40:14,011 --> 00:40:16,213
BIOMARKERS AND DRUG TARGETS, AND

1259
00:40:16,280 --> 00:40:19,183
DRUG TARGETS BROADLY.

1260
00:40:19,250 --> 00:40:21,185
SO WHEN I THINK ABOUT THIS ALL,

1261
00:40:21,252 --> 00:40:23,254
WHAT CAN WE USE THIS KNOWLEDGE

1262
00:40:23,320 --> 00:40:24,455
RESOURCE FOR AMONG OTHER THINGS,

1263
00:40:24,522 --> 00:40:26,557
IS REALLY LEVERAGING DATA

1264
00:40:26,624 --> 00:40:28,425
SCIENCE, ALL THESE PARTNERSHIPS,

1265
00:40:28,492 --> 00:40:29,827
TO GET TO DISEASE INSIGHTS

1266
00:40:29,894 --> 00:40:31,028
BECAUSE WE NEED TO CONTINUE TO

1267
00:40:31,095 --> 00:40:34,231
UNDERSTAND THE DISEASE,

1268
00:40:34,298 --> 00:40:35,032
BIOMARKERS, AS WELL AS

1269
00:40:35,099 --> 00:40:35,666
ADDITIONAL DRUG TARGETS.

1270
00:40:35,733 --> 00:40:37,902
SO CERTAINLY WE HAVE

1271
00:40:37,968 --> 00:40:38,736
REPOSITORIES, REGISTRIES AND

1272
00:40:38,803 --> 00:40:41,172
DATA WAREHOUSES, RIGHT, THE DATA

1273
00:40:41,238 --> 00:40:42,373
AND THE SAMPLES.

1274
00:40:42,439 --> 00:40:44,642
WE HAVE TOOLS, BE THEY

1275
00:40:44,708 --> 00:40:45,943
BIOCHEMICAL, ANALYTICAL OR

1276
00:40:46,010 --> 00:40:47,778
COMPUTATIONAL AND ALGORITHMS.

1277
00:40:47,845 --> 00:40:49,880
WE THEN GO FROM DATA TO

1278
00:40:49,947 --> 00:40:50,548
KNOWLEDGE.

1279
00:40:50,614 --> 00:40:51,982
AND FROM THAT KNOWLEDGE, WE THEN

1280
00:40:52,049 --> 00:40:53,717
WANT TO GET TO THESE DRUG

1281
00:40:53,784 --> 00:40:55,920
TARGETS AND BIOMARKERS OR

1282
00:40:55,986 --> 00:40:57,054
POTENTIAL DRUG TARGETS AND

1283
00:40:57,121 --> 00:40:58,122
BIOMARKERS THAT, YOU KNOW, WE

1284
00:40:58,189 --> 00:41:01,492
ALL WANT SO THAT WE CAN IMPROVE

1285
00:41:01,559 --> 00:41:03,060
HEALTH FOR PREGNANT INDIVIDUALS

1286
00:41:03,127 --> 00:41:04,728
AND THEIR CHILDREN.

1287
00:41:04,795 --> 00:41:06,697
I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT ONE APPROACH

1288
00:41:06,764 --> 00:41:08,199
THAT I THINK HAS BEEN PRETTY

1289
00:41:08,265 --> 00:41:10,868
SUCCESSFUL AND THAT'S THE HUMAN

1290
00:41:10,935 --> 00:41:13,537
GENETICS AMPLIFIER AND NOEL AND

1291
00:41:13,604 --> 00:41:14,605
JASON WILL BE TALKING ABOUT THIS

1292
00:41:14,672 --> 00:41:15,372
LATER TODAY.

1293
00:41:15,439 --> 00:41:16,774
THEY WERE ACTUALLY VERY KIND TO

1294
00:41:16,841 --> 00:41:18,008
GO AHEAD AND PUT TOGETHER A

1295
00:41:18,075 --> 00:41:21,278
LITTLE BIT OF A PILOT BETA

1296
00:41:21,345 --> 00:41:23,948
PORTAL ON THE REPRODUCTIVE

1297
00:41:24,014 --> 00:41:24,248
SYSTEM.

1298
00:41:24,315 --> 00:41:26,217
A LOT OF FOCUS ON COMMON

1299
00:41:26,283 --> 00:41:27,551
METABOLIC DISORDERS IN THIS

1300
00:41:27,618 --> 00:41:29,520
PORTAL, SO WORKING IN

1301
00:41:29,587 --> 00:41:31,822
GESTATIONAL DIABETES WAS A

1302
00:41:31,889 --> 00:41:34,124
PRETTY STRAIGHTFORWARD MOVE INTO

1303
00:41:34,191 --> 00:41:34,592
THAT.

1304
00:41:34,658 --> 00:41:36,961
SO THIS IS OUT THERE, IT'S SMALL

1305
00:41:37,027 --> 00:41:41,899
SCALE AND WAS DOB OUT O DONE OUF

1306
00:41:41,966 --> 00:41:42,633
KINDNESS MORE THAN FUNDING SO

1307
00:41:42,700 --> 00:41:43,601
THAT IS CERTAINLY SOME OF THE

1308
00:41:43,667 --> 00:41:45,002
THINGS WE THINK ABOUT.

1309
00:41:45,069 --> 00:41:46,437
SO THE GOALS FOR TODAY.

1310
00:41:46,503 --> 00:41:49,607
I DO WANT TO THINK SOME CONCRETE

1311
00:41:49,673 --> 00:41:52,376
GOALS AND I WAS LOOKING AT

1312
00:41:52,443 --> 00:41:53,477
ALISON'S QUESTIONS SLIDE WHEN I

1313
00:41:53,544 --> 00:41:54,545
PUT THIS TOGETHER TO DRILL DOWN

1314
00:41:54,612 --> 00:41:57,181
A LITTLE BIT MORE ON GOALS FOR

1315
00:41:57,248 --> 00:41:57,815
TODAY.

1316
00:41:57,882 --> 00:42:01,051
SO HOW DO WE LEVERAGE EXISTING

1317
00:42:01,118 --> 00:42:02,219
BIOREPOSITORIES, DATA KNOWLEDGE

1318
00:42:02,286 --> 00:42:04,555
PORTALS, AND WHAT DO WE NEED TO

1319
00:42:04,622 --> 00:42:05,322
BUILD?

1320
00:42:05,389 --> 00:42:07,191
WHAT KNOWLEDGE CAN WE OBTAIN

1321
00:42:07,258 --> 00:42:09,360
FROM EXISTING BIOSAMPLES, LET'S

1322
00:42:09,426 --> 00:42:10,461
LEVERAGE WHAT WE HAVE, ALL THESE

1323
00:42:10,527 --> 00:42:12,363
THINGS WE PUT IN FREEZERS FOR

1324
00:42:12,429 --> 00:42:14,198
YEARS, LINING YOUR GRANT, WE'RE

1325
00:42:14,265 --> 00:42:15,532
GOING TO COLLECT THIS AND THEN

1326
00:42:15,599 --> 00:42:18,569
WE'LL DO SOMETHING WITH THEM.

1327
00:42:18,636 --> 00:42:19,470
LET'S ALSO THINK ABOUT THE

1328
00:42:19,536 --> 00:42:19,737
FUTURE.

1329
00:42:19,803 --> 00:42:22,239
WHAT ARE THE BEST PRACTICES FOR

1330
00:42:22,306 --> 00:42:23,340
FUTURE BIOSAMPLE COLLECTION THAT

1331
00:42:23,407 --> 00:42:24,875
WE CAN TO TO MAXIMIZE KNOWLEDGE.

1332
00:42:24,942 --> 00:42:27,945
I'M SURE THERE ARE EMERGING

1333
00:42:28,012 --> 00:42:30,447
TECHNOLOGIES THAT THE SAMPLES WE

1334
00:42:30,514 --> 00:42:31,715
COLLECTED MAYBE EVEN LAST WEEK

1335
00:42:31,782 --> 00:42:33,784
ARE NOT -- WERE NOT COLLECTED OR

1336
00:42:33,851 --> 00:42:35,319
STORED IN A WAY THAT WE CAN USE

1337
00:42:35,386 --> 00:42:36,754
TO ANALYZE THEM.

1338
00:42:36,820 --> 00:42:38,088
SO I REALLY WANT TO THINK ABOUT

1339
00:42:38,155 --> 00:42:39,723
THAT AS STUDIES TO THE

1340
00:42:39,790 --> 00:42:42,359
MATERNAL-FETAL MEDICINE UNIT

1341
00:42:42,426 --> 00:42:43,827
NETWORK, THE NRN, OTHER

1342
00:42:43,894 --> 00:42:44,662
ENDEAVORS GO FORWARD, WE CAN

1343
00:42:44,728 --> 00:42:46,397
START COLLECTING SAMPLES AND

1344
00:42:46,463 --> 00:42:47,531
ANALYZING THEM IN MORE

1345
00:42:47,598 --> 00:42:48,532
INNOVATIVE WAYS.

1346
00:42:48,599 --> 00:42:51,035
AND THAT REALLY GETS TO

1347
00:42:51,101 --> 00:42:52,469
PREPARING FOR THOSE EMERGING

1348
00:42:52,536 --> 00:42:52,803
TECHNOLOGIES.

1349
00:42:52,870 --> 00:42:53,904
ALSO THINKING ABOUT THE DATA

1350
00:42:53,971 --> 00:42:54,705
SIDE OF THAT.

1351
00:42:54,772 --> 00:42:58,475
I'M NOT GOING TO USE THE

1352
00:42:58,542 --> 00:42:59,743
ABBREVIATION A.I. BECAUSE IT'S

1353
00:42:59,810 --> 00:43:00,778
TALKED ABOUT A LOT THESE DAYS

1354
00:43:00,844 --> 00:43:01,946
BUT A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT

1355
00:43:02,012 --> 00:43:02,947
APPROACHES.

1356
00:43:03,013 --> 00:43:05,049
AND WHAT CAN WE AGREE ON TODAY,

1357
00:43:05,115 --> 00:43:07,151
AND WHAT NEEDS CONTINUED

1358
00:43:07,217 --> 00:43:10,554
DISCUSSION, SO I FEEL LIKE WE'RE

1359
00:43:10,621 --> 00:43:11,188
DEFINITELY GOING TO HAVE

1360
00:43:11,255 --> 00:43:12,056
CONTINUED DISCUSSIONS IN A

1361
00:43:12,122 --> 00:43:14,058
VARIETY OF VENUES AROUND THIS AS

1362
00:43:14,124 --> 00:43:16,226
WE CONTINUE TO WORK THROUGH THIS

1363
00:43:16,293 --> 00:43:16,727
AND DEVELOP THINGS.

1364
00:43:16,794 --> 00:43:18,462
SO WE'LL COME BACK TO THIS A

1365
00:43:18,529 --> 00:43:19,663
LITTLE BIT IN THE DAY.

1366
00:43:19,730 --> 00:43:21,065
AS WE HAVE THE BREAKOUTS LATER

1367
00:43:21,131 --> 00:43:22,333
ORANGES I REALLY HOPE EVERYBODY

1368
00:43:22,399 --> 00:43:23,600
WILL KEEP THIS IN MIND.

1369
00:43:23,667 --> 00:43:25,269
AND THAT IS MY LAST SLIDE, SO I

1370
00:43:25,336 --> 00:43:27,371
KNOW WE'RE A LITTLE BIT OVER

1371
00:43:27,438 --> 00:43:29,773
TIME, SO I WANT TO TURN TO

1372
00:43:29,840 --> 00:43:37,448
HARINA TO RUN THE NEXT SESSION.

1373
00:43:37,514 --> 00:43:38,649
>> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.

1374
00:43:38,716 --> 00:43:39,650
MY NAME IS HARINA RAJA.

1375
00:43:39,717 --> 00:43:41,285
I'M A PROJECT MANAGER AT THE

1376
00:43:41,352 --> 00:43:44,321
FNIH AND I'M LEADING THE

1377
00:43:44,388 --> 00:43:46,924
BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM PUBLIC

1378
00:43:46,991 --> 00:43:48,559
PROJECT IN PRE-ECLAMPSIA IT'S

1379
00:43:48,625 --> 00:43:50,961
TRULY A PLEASURE TO BE WITH YOU

1380
00:43:51,028 --> 00:43:53,497
TODAY AND THANK YOU TO THE

1381
00:43:53,564 --> 00:43:54,698
ORGANIZERS FOR GIVING ME THE

1382
00:43:54,765 --> 00:43:56,600
OPPORTUNITY TO MODERATE THE

1383
00:43:56,667 --> 00:44:00,104
FIRST SESSION ON EXISTING

1384
00:44:00,170 --> 00:44:00,971
BIOREPOSITORIES AND KNOWLEDGE

1385
00:44:01,038 --> 00:44:01,605
MORTALS.

1386
00:44:01,672 --> 00:44:03,374
SO WE HAVE ABOUT AN HOUR AND A

1387
00:44:03,440 --> 00:44:05,609
HALF FOR THE FIRST SESSION, 15

1388
00:44:05,676 --> 00:44:06,944
MINUTES PER SPEAKER.

1389
00:44:07,011 --> 00:44:10,514
WE HAVE A KE DEDICATED TIME FOR&

1390
00:44:10,581 --> 00:44:11,648
A OR PANEL DISCUSSION AT THE END

1391
00:44:11,715 --> 00:44:13,083
OF THE FIRST SESSION AND THEN

1392
00:44:13,150 --> 00:44:16,453
WE'LL GO FOR A 10-MINUTE MORNING

1393
00:44:16,520 --> 00:44:19,056
BREAK.

1394
00:44:19,123 --> 00:44:20,724
SO WE'LL KICK START OUR FIRST

1395
00:44:20,791 --> 00:44:23,927
SESSION WITH A TALK FROM

1396
00:44:23,994 --> 00:44:27,097
DR. HANI FAYSAL FROM INDIANA

1397
00:44:27,164 --> 00:44:28,832
UNIVERSITY, COLLABORATIVE ONLINE

1398
00:44:28,899 --> 00:44:30,167
PERINATAL AND PEDIATRIC

1399
00:44:30,234 --> 00:44:31,168
REPOSITORY, ALSO KNOWN AS

1400
00:44:31,235 --> 00:44:41,378
COPPER.

1401
00:44:45,082 --> 00:44:46,450
>> GOOD MORNING.

1402
00:44:46,517 --> 00:44:46,650
OKAY.

1403
00:44:46,717 --> 00:44:49,753
SO TODAY I'M HERE TO TALK ABOUT

1404
00:44:49,820 --> 00:44:51,522
COPPER, THE COLLABORATIVE ONLINE

1405
00:44:51,588 --> 00:44:52,723
PERINATAL AND PEDIATRIC

1406
00:44:52,790 --> 00:45:03,000
REPOSITORY.

1407
00:45:24,354 --> 00:45:25,756
OKAY.

1408
00:45:25,823 --> 00:45:27,124
SO A LITTLE BACKGROUND ON THE

1409
00:45:27,191 --> 00:45:28,525
PROJECT.

1410
00:45:28,592 --> 00:45:30,494
RARE DISEASES LIKE EARLY ONSET

1411
00:45:30,561 --> 00:45:32,463
PREECLAMPSIA, THEY ONLY OCCUR IN

1412
00:45:32,529 --> 00:45:35,432
ABOUT .5% OF PREGNANCIES, SO

1413
00:45:35,499 --> 00:45:37,167
EVENTUALLY RECRUITING PATIENTS

1414
00:45:37,234 --> 00:45:39,837
AND OBTAINING BIOSAMPLES TO

1415
00:45:39,903 --> 00:45:42,673
MORE -- TO STUDY THESE DISEASES

1416
00:45:42,739 --> 00:45:44,475
IN DEPTH BECOMES A PROBLEM WITH

1417
00:45:44,541 --> 00:45:45,442
THE LIMITED AVAILABILITY OF

1418
00:45:45,509 --> 00:45:46,610
THESE PATIENTS.

1419
00:45:46,677 --> 00:45:48,612
SO THERE IS A GAP THAT WAS

1420
00:45:48,679 --> 00:45:49,980
IDENTIFIED, AND THAT IS THERE IS

1421
00:45:50,047 --> 00:45:52,116
A LACK OF CENTRALIZED PUBLICLY

1422
00:45:52,182 --> 00:45:53,917
AVAILABLE RESOURCES TO

1423
00:45:53,984 --> 00:45:55,986
FACILITATE CONNECTION BETWEEN

1424
00:45:56,053 --> 00:45:57,721
RESEARCHERS SEEKING THESE

1425
00:45:57,788 --> 00:45:59,923
BIOSPECIMENS AND THE DATA THAT

1426
00:45:59,990 --> 00:46:01,925
IS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE

1427
00:46:01,992 --> 00:46:03,393
BIOSPECIMENS THAT IS AVAILABLE

1428
00:46:03,460 --> 00:46:06,630
TO USE.

1429
00:46:06,697 --> 00:46:11,902
SO IN AN ATTEMPT TO ADDRESS THAT

1430
00:46:11,969 --> 00:46:14,438
GAP, BY UNDERSTANDING THE AREA

1431
00:46:14,505 --> 00:46:15,672
OF SPECIMENS CURRENTLY BEING

1432
00:46:15,739 --> 00:46:16,640
STORED IN REPOSITORIES.

1433
00:46:16,707 --> 00:46:18,308
THIS WORK IS COMPLEMENTARY TO

1434
00:46:18,375 --> 00:46:19,276
EXISTING RESOURCES THAT WAS

1435
00:46:19,343 --> 00:46:21,245
PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED JUST LIKE

1436
00:46:21,311 --> 00:46:23,247
DASH, AND COPPER WILL HELPFUL

1437
00:46:23,313 --> 00:46:28,218
FILL THE MPRINT HUB'S GOAL, IN

1438
00:46:28,285 --> 00:46:30,154
ADDITION TO CATALYZING

1439
00:46:30,220 --> 00:46:31,121
INNOVATIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY

1440
00:46:31,188 --> 00:46:32,489
RESEARCH TO FACILITATE MATERNAL

1441
00:46:32,556 --> 00:46:37,394
AND PEDIATRIC THERAPEUTICS.

1442
00:46:37,461 --> 00:46:37,828
AIMS.

1443
00:46:37,895 --> 00:46:39,863
WE HAVE THREE MAIN YOU AIMS, OUR

1444
00:46:39,930 --> 00:46:41,498
FIRST ONE BEING TO SCOUT.

1445
00:46:41,565 --> 00:46:44,535
WHEN I SAY SCOUT, I MEAN JUST

1446
00:46:44,601 --> 00:46:47,337
SEEING WHAT BIOPREPOS TRIES ARE

1447
00:46:47,404 --> 00:46:48,505
CURRENTLY AVAILABLE, WHAT KIND

1448
00:46:48,572 --> 00:46:50,274
OF SAMPLES ARE THEY CURRENTLY

1449
00:46:50,340 --> 00:46:51,842
HOLDING, AND WHAT KIND OF DATA

1450
00:46:51,909 --> 00:46:54,578
THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE

1451
00:46:54,645 --> 00:46:57,848
SAMPLES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE.

1452
00:46:57,915 --> 00:46:59,283
OUR SECOND AIM AFTER SCOUTING,

1453
00:46:59,349 --> 00:47:00,384
WE ANALYZE THE DATA.

1454
00:47:00,450 --> 00:47:01,818
WE HAVE TO DETERMINE THE

1455
00:47:01,885 --> 00:47:04,354
AVAILABILITY OF THE BIOSPECIMENS

1456
00:47:04,421 --> 00:47:07,324
AND TO ENABLE FUTURE STUDIES

1457
00:47:07,391 --> 00:47:09,092
THAT WILL EVALUATE EARLY

1458
00:47:09,159 --> 00:47:11,195
PREGNANCY BIOMARKERS FOR

1459
00:47:11,261 --> 00:47:13,130
DISEASES SUCH AS EARLY ONSET

1460
00:47:13,197 --> 00:47:15,666
PREECLAMPSIA AND OTHER LONG-TERM

1461
00:47:15,732 --> 00:47:17,801
MATERNAL AND PEDIATRIC OUTCOMES.

1462
00:47:17,868 --> 00:47:19,970
AFTER SCOUTING, ANALYZING.

1463
00:47:20,037 --> 00:47:21,505
WE WILL FINALLY INTEGRATE.

1464
00:47:21,572 --> 00:47:24,074
BY EXPLORING MECHANISMS FOR

1465
00:47:24,141 --> 00:47:25,642
MATERNAL, NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC

1466
00:47:25,709 --> 00:47:30,480
DATA AND BIOSPECIMEN INTEGRA

1467
00:47:30,547 --> 00:47:30,781
INTEGRATION.

1468
00:47:30,847 --> 00:47:32,382
OUR PILOT PHASE STARTED A LITTLE

1469
00:47:32,449 --> 00:47:33,250
WHILE AGO.

1470
00:47:33,317 --> 00:47:36,687
WE STARTED WITH THE MFMU

1471
00:47:36,753 --> 00:47:38,155
STUDIES, THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF

1472
00:47:38,222 --> 00:47:40,624
PREGNANCY AND THE OHIO PERINATAL

1473
00:47:40,691 --> 00:47:40,958
REPOSITORY.

1474
00:47:41,024 --> 00:47:43,427
IT STARTED OUT BY SENDING THE

1475
00:47:43,493 --> 00:47:46,163
INITIAL SURVEYS TO THESE THREE

1476
00:47:46,230 --> 00:47:48,365
BIG BIOBANKS AND SOME OF THE

1477
00:47:48,432 --> 00:47:49,433
SUGGESTED CHANGES THAT WE GOT

1478
00:47:49,499 --> 00:47:50,534
THROUGH FEEDBACK WERE THE

1479
00:47:50,601 --> 00:47:52,736
WORDING OF QUESTIONS, THE

1480
00:47:52,803 --> 00:47:54,338
ABILITY TO PAUSE AND RESUME

1481
00:47:54,404 --> 00:47:57,174
SURVEYS LATER ON, AS TO AVOID

1482
00:47:57,241 --> 00:48:00,510
HAVING UNFILLED SURVEYS THAT

1483
00:48:00,577 --> 00:48:02,312
WOULD BE REDUNDANT.

1484
00:48:02,379 --> 00:48:02,713
EVENTUALLY.

1485
00:48:02,779 --> 00:48:04,014
AND THE ABILITY TO DOWNLOAD A

1486
00:48:04,081 --> 00:48:05,249
RECORD OF ALL THE SUBMITTED

1487
00:48:05,315 --> 00:48:06,717
ANSWERS.

1488
00:48:06,783 --> 00:48:07,684
THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE

1489
00:48:07,751 --> 00:48:09,019
PROJECT.

1490
00:48:09,086 --> 00:48:11,221
THIS IS CURRENTLY THE STATE OF

1491
00:48:11,288 --> 00:48:12,089
THE COPPER WEBSITE.

1492
00:48:12,155 --> 00:48:15,292
IT IS CURRENTLY ACTIVE ONLINE.

1493
00:48:15,359 --> 00:48:23,300
WE HAVE ABOUT 20 BIOBANK RECORDS

1494
00:48:23,367 --> 00:48:24,868
WITH TWO FUNCTIONS, CLASSICAL

1495
00:48:24,935 --> 00:48:25,936
AND A.I.

1496
00:48:26,003 --> 00:48:28,872
CLASSICAL BEING DIVIDED INTO A

1497
00:48:28,939 --> 00:48:29,673
FILTERING OPTION PRESENT ON THE

1498
00:48:29,740 --> 00:48:31,408
LEFT, IN ADDITION TO A REGULAR

1499
00:48:31,475 --> 00:48:32,476
SEARCH OPTION THAT IS PRESENT AT

1500
00:48:32,542 --> 00:48:34,444
THE TOP, AND THE A.I. FUNCTION

1501
00:48:34,511 --> 00:48:41,251
THAT IS POWERED BY AZURE API.

1502
00:48:41,318 --> 00:48:42,919
ON A GOOD NOTE, THE WEBSITE HAS

1503
00:48:42,986 --> 00:48:43,987
BEEN QUITE POPULAR.

1504
00:48:44,054 --> 00:48:45,589
WE'VE BEEN RECEIVING A TOTAL

1505
00:48:45,656 --> 00:48:48,392
NUMBER OF 500 PAGE VIEWS WHEN

1506
00:48:48,458 --> 00:48:50,961
I -- AT THE TIME OF THIS SCREEN

1507
00:48:51,028 --> 00:48:52,863
CAPTURE WITH SOME VISITS IN

1508
00:48:52,929 --> 00:48:54,064
EUROPE, SOME VISITS IN ASIA BUT

1509
00:48:54,131 --> 00:48:56,300
MOST OF THE VISITS ON THE WEST

1510
00:48:56,366 --> 00:48:59,036
AND EAST COAST OF THE U.S.

1511
00:48:59,102 --> 00:49:01,338
SO OUR FIRST FUNCTION WOULD BE

1512
00:49:01,405 --> 00:49:01,605
FILTERING.

1513
00:49:01,672 --> 00:49:03,874
HERE I CHOSE TO GIVE AN EXAMPLE

1514
00:49:03,940 --> 00:49:05,409
OF FILTERING BY CONDITIONS OF

1515
00:49:05,475 --> 00:49:05,842
FOCUS.

1516
00:49:05,909 --> 00:49:09,046
WE CHOSE THE HYPERTENSIVE AND

1517
00:49:09,112 --> 00:49:11,048
ENDOCRINE, AND IT WOULD SHOW UP

1518
00:49:11,114 --> 00:49:12,683
THE BIOBANKS THAT WOULD HAVE

1519
00:49:12,749 --> 00:49:14,651
SAID THAT THEY HAD SAMPLES

1520
00:49:14,718 --> 00:49:16,086
RELATED TO HYPERTENSIVE AND

1521
00:49:16,153 --> 00:49:21,391
ENDOCRINE DISEASES.

1522
00:49:21,458 --> 00:49:23,260
HERE THERE'S THE SECOND

1523
00:49:23,327 --> 00:49:24,661
DEMONSTRATION OF THE CLASSICAL

1524
00:49:24,728 --> 00:49:26,763
SEARCH FUNCTION, HERE I WAS

1525
00:49:26,830 --> 00:49:30,300
LOOKING AT PLACENTAL SAMPLES,

1526
00:49:30,367 --> 00:49:31,601
AND IT WOULD GIVE ME THE

1527
00:49:31,668 --> 00:49:33,337
PROJECTS THAT HAVE THE PLACENTAL

1528
00:49:33,403 --> 00:49:34,871
SAMPLES BY ALSO SUMMARIZING THEM

1529
00:49:34,938 --> 00:49:36,673
ON THE RIGHT.

1530
00:49:36,740 --> 00:49:39,409
AND FINALLY, A.I.

1531
00:49:39,476 --> 00:49:42,145
LIKE YOU WOULD DO WITH ANY

1532
00:49:42,212 --> 00:49:44,381
CHATGPT OR ANY/ALL TERNTIVE A.I.

1533
00:49:44,448 --> 00:49:46,550
SEARCH ENGINE, I WOULD JUST SAY

1534
00:49:46,616 --> 00:49:49,386
HELLO, I NEED HELP LOOKING AT

1535
00:49:49,453 --> 00:49:51,855
THIRD TRIMESTER CORD BLOOD

1536
00:49:51,922 --> 00:49:53,390
SAMPLES AND THE A.I. TOOL WOULD

1537
00:49:53,457 --> 00:49:54,524
SUMMARIZE THE RESULTS.

1538
00:49:54,591 --> 00:49:56,393
HERE WE HAVE ONE EXAMPLE.

1539
00:49:56,460 --> 00:49:58,028
ON THE SECOND SLIDE, I WAS

1540
00:49:58,095 --> 00:49:59,763
LOOKING AT BIOBANKS THAT HELD

1541
00:49:59,830 --> 00:50:02,032
MORE THAN 10,000 SAMPLES WITH

1542
00:50:02,099 --> 00:50:04,201
OVER 50% OF THEM AVAILABLE, AND

1543
00:50:04,267 --> 00:50:07,037
THE A.I. ASSISTANT BASICALLY

1544
00:50:07,104 --> 00:50:08,405
SUMMARIZED THE AVAILABLE DATA WE

1545
00:50:08,472 --> 00:50:09,806
HAVE ON HAND AND PRESENTED ME

1546
00:50:09,873 --> 00:50:12,342
WITH SEVERAL OPTIONS.

1547
00:50:12,409 --> 00:50:14,411
AND THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHEN

1548
00:50:14,478 --> 00:50:17,514
YOU CLICK ON ONE OF THE

1549
00:50:17,581 --> 00:50:18,215
BIOREPOSITORIES THAT IS

1550
00:50:18,281 --> 00:50:18,849
PRESENTED ON THE RIGHT OF THE

1551
00:50:18,915 --> 00:50:19,149
SCREEN.

1552
00:50:19,216 --> 00:50:21,585
IT GIVES YOU MORE DETAILS OF THE

1553
00:50:21,651 --> 00:50:23,253
NAME, THE CONTACT EMAIL, WHAT

1554
00:50:23,320 --> 00:50:27,524
KIND OF SPECIMENS, NUMBER OF

1555
00:50:27,591 --> 00:50:28,658
PARTICIPANTS AND NUMBER OF

1556
00:50:28,725 --> 00:50:30,160
SPECIMENS, THE AGE AND SEVERAL

1557
00:50:30,227 --> 00:50:32,262
DETAILS, IN ADDITION TO THE

1558
00:50:32,329 --> 00:50:34,898
ABILITY TO COPY PASTE THE

1559
00:50:34,965 --> 00:50:37,667
CONTACT EMAIL AND TO ENABLE

1560
00:50:37,734 --> 00:50:38,869
COLLABORATIONS.

1561
00:50:38,935 --> 00:50:40,070
AND I JUST WANT TO GIVE A

1562
00:50:40,137 --> 00:50:44,040
SPECIAL THANKS TO DR. DAVID

1563
00:50:44,107 --> 00:50:50,647
HAAS, DR. QUINNEY AND DR. LANGE

1564
00:50:50,714 --> 00:50:54,718
LANG LI AND TO THOSE WORKING

1565
00:50:54,785 --> 00:50:55,819
WITH ME TO HELP DEVELOP THE

1566
00:50:55,886 --> 00:50:56,119
WEBSITE.

1567
00:50:56,186 --> 00:51:00,657
IF YOU WANT TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE

1568
00:51:00,724 --> 00:51:01,558
COPPER PROJECT, YOU COULD SCAN

1569
00:51:01,625 --> 00:51:03,460
THE QR CODE OR PICK UP SOME OF

1570
00:51:03,527 --> 00:51:04,561
THE SMALL CARDS THAT ARE PRESENT

1571
00:51:04,628 --> 00:51:06,163
ON THE TABLE OVER THERE AND TO

1572
00:51:06,229 --> 00:51:10,133
CLOSE OUT, THIS IS A PICTURE OF

1573
00:51:10,200 --> 00:51:11,701
A SMALL VILLAGE IN MY HOME

1574
00:51:11,768 --> 00:51:12,402
COUNTRY OF LEBANON.

1575
00:51:12,469 --> 00:51:22,646
THANK YOU.

1576
00:51:28,185 --> 00:51:30,187
>> OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS

1577
00:51:30,253 --> 00:51:31,955
DR. REBECCA CLIFTON FROM THE

1578
00:51:32,022 --> 00:51:32,556
GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY,

1579
00:51:32,622 --> 00:51:34,825
AND HER TALK IS GOING TO BE ON

1580
00:51:34,891 --> 00:51:37,127
MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE UNITS

1581
00:51:37,194 --> 00:51:38,695
NETWORK, PAST, CURRENT AND

1582
00:51:38,762 --> 00:51:39,296
FUTURE.

1583
00:51:39,362 --> 00:51:41,431
>> AND I MIGHT HAVE SCREWED YOU

1584
00:51:41,498 --> 00:51:44,067
UP BY SENDING YOU THE PDF.

1585
00:51:44,134 --> 00:51:46,536
I THINK IT JUST NEEDS TO BE

1586
00:51:46,603 --> 00:51:49,806
BIGGER.

1587
00:51:49,873 --> 00:51:57,347
BECAUSE IT'S SHOWING TWO SLIDES.

1588
00:51:57,414 --> 00:51:57,914
THERE YOU GO.

1589
00:51:57,981 --> 00:52:00,250
I SHOULD HAVE BEEN UP HERE WHEN

1590
00:52:00,317 --> 00:52:05,388
PEOPLE WERE -- OKAY.

1591
00:52:05,455 --> 00:52:06,656
SO WE'VE HEARD A LITTLE BIT

1592
00:52:06,723 --> 00:52:09,826
ABOUT THE MFMU NETWORK FROM A

1593
00:52:09,893 --> 00:52:10,794
COUPLE DIFFERENT GROUPS THUS FAR

1594
00:52:10,861 --> 00:52:12,529
BUT I JUST WANT TO GIVE KIND OF

1595
00:52:12,596 --> 00:52:13,964
JUST A VERY BRIEF OVERVIEW.

1596
00:52:14,030 --> 00:52:17,300
SO IT WAS INITIATED IN 1986 BY

1597
00:52:17,367 --> 00:52:17,501
NICHD.

1598
00:52:17,567 --> 00:52:20,370
IT IS A COLLABORATIVE GROUP OF

1599
00:52:20,437 --> 00:52:21,938
CLINICAL CENTERS, A DATA

1600
00:52:22,005 --> 00:52:24,241
COORDINATING CENTER AND NICHD,

1601
00:52:24,307 --> 00:52:27,177
AND IN OUR CURRENT GRANT CYCLE,

1602
00:52:27,244 --> 00:52:28,512
IT'S SEVEN YEARS FROM 2023, SO

1603
00:52:28,578 --> 00:52:30,213
WE WERE JUST FUNDED ABOUT A YEAR

1604
00:52:30,280 --> 00:52:32,148
AGO FOR SEVEN YEARS GOING

1605
00:52:32,215 --> 00:52:33,149
THROUGH 2030.

1606
00:52:33,216 --> 00:52:34,885
WE HAVE 14 CLINICAL CENTERS IN

1607
00:52:34,951 --> 00:52:38,555
THIS FUNDING CYCLE AND AN

1608
00:52:38,622 --> 00:52:41,291
ADDITIONAL 24 SUBSITES.

1609
00:52:41,358 --> 00:52:43,026
SO JUST TO TALK A LITTLE BIT

1610
00:52:43,093 --> 00:52:44,928
ABOUT NETWORK STUDIES, SO I KIND

1611
00:52:44,995 --> 00:52:46,329
OF BROKE IT OUT INTO PAST,

1612
00:52:46,396 --> 00:52:47,764
PRESENT AND FUTURE.

1613
00:52:47,831 --> 00:52:50,333
SO PAST, I'M CALLING STUDIES

1614
00:52:50,400 --> 00:52:51,968
THAT WERE COMPLETED, SO WE'VE

1615
00:52:52,035 --> 00:52:54,170
HAD 31 RANDOMIZED TRIALS AND 26

1616
00:52:54,237 --> 00:52:55,505
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES.

1617
00:52:55,572 --> 00:52:57,741
STUDIES THAT ARE ONGOING SO WE

1618
00:52:57,807 --> 00:52:59,676
HAVE TWO RANDOMIZED TRIALS AND

1619
00:52:59,743 --> 00:53:01,044
TWO OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES.

1620
00:53:01,111 --> 00:53:04,114
AND IN FUTURE, SO THESE ARE

1621
00:53:04,180 --> 00:53:05,749
FUNDED AND IN IMPLEMENTATION BUT

1622
00:53:05,815 --> 00:53:07,450
NOT YET STARTED, WE HAVE ONE

1623
00:53:07,517 --> 00:53:10,420
RANDOMIZED TRIAL.

1624
00:53:10,487 --> 00:53:13,356
SO TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE

1625
00:53:13,423 --> 00:53:14,024
BIOREPOSITORY.

1626
00:53:14,090 --> 00:53:16,126
SO THE PAST, SO FOR DATA

1627
00:53:16,192 --> 00:53:18,428
STORAGE, ALL THE DATASETS ARE

1628
00:53:18,495 --> 00:53:20,964
KEPT AT THE MFMU DATA

1629
00:53:21,031 --> 00:53:22,198
COORDINATING CENTER, WHICH IS

1630
00:53:22,265 --> 00:53:22,532
GW.

1631
00:53:22,599 --> 00:53:23,633
SOME OF THE DATASETS ARE

1632
00:53:23,700 --> 00:53:25,802
AVAILABLE IN DASH, AND WE ARE

1633
00:53:25,869 --> 00:53:27,804
WORKING VERY HARD TO GET THROUGH

1634
00:53:27,871 --> 00:53:29,339
THE BACKLOG OF OLDER DATASETS TO

1635
00:53:29,406 --> 00:53:32,309
GET THOSE SUBMITTED TO DASH.

1636
00:53:32,375 --> 00:53:36,413
WHEN IT COMES TO THE BIOSPECIMEN

1637
00:53:36,479 --> 00:53:37,514
STORAGE, FOR ALMOST ALL OF THE

1638
00:53:37,581 --> 00:53:39,716
STUDIES, THEY ARE HOUSED AT THE

1639
00:53:39,783 --> 00:53:43,019
NICHD BIOREPOSITORY, WHICH IS

1640
00:53:43,086 --> 00:53:46,289
FISHER BIOINVEST BIOSERVICES, IE

1641
00:53:46,356 --> 00:53:47,891
THAT IS STILL THE CORRECT NAME.

1642
00:53:47,958 --> 00:53:49,726
SO FOR ALL OF THESE PAST

1643
00:53:49,793 --> 00:53:50,927
SAMPLES, ACCESS HAS ALWAYS BEEN

1644
00:53:50,994 --> 00:53:53,396
THROUGH THE MFMU NETWORK.

1645
00:53:53,463 --> 00:53:57,567
HOWEVER, JUST TO NOTE THAT NICHD

1646
00:53:57,634 --> 00:54:02,339
RETAINS ONLIER SHIP OF THE OWNES

1647
00:54:02,405 --> 00:54:04,274
AND THERE IS INTENT TO LINK THE

1648
00:54:04,341 --> 00:54:05,442
BIOSPECIMENS WITH DE-IDENTIFIED

1649
00:54:05,508 --> 00:54:06,409
DATA IN DASH.

1650
00:54:06,476 --> 00:54:09,512
SO I KNOW NICHD IS WORKING ON

1651
00:54:09,579 --> 00:54:12,282
THAT, SO I THINK MORE TO COME ON

1652
00:54:12,349 --> 00:54:15,385
THAT.

1653
00:54:15,452 --> 00:54:16,553
SO I THINK ONE OF THE THINGS WE

1654
00:54:16,620 --> 00:54:17,921
WERE ASKED TO TALK ABOUT IN THE

1655
00:54:17,988 --> 00:54:19,823
MORNING SESSION WAS CHALLENGES,

1656
00:54:19,889 --> 00:54:23,560
SO I INCLUDED SOME CHALLENGES.

1657
00:54:23,627 --> 00:54:26,296
SO ONE OF THE THINGS WITH OLDER

1658
00:54:26,363 --> 00:54:28,832
STUDIES, ESPECIALLY THOSE

1659
00:54:28,898 --> 00:54:32,769
COMPLETED BEFORE INFORMATION WAS

1660
00:54:32,836 --> 00:54:36,206
DETAILED AND CONSENT ABOUT DATA

1661
00:54:36,272 --> 00:54:37,774
SHARING IS THOSE OLDER CONSENTS

1662
00:54:37,841 --> 00:54:39,843
DO NOT MENTION DATA AND

1663
00:54:39,909 --> 00:54:40,844
BIOSPECIMEN SHARING, SO THAT'S

1664
00:54:40,910 --> 00:54:41,378
ONE CHALLENGE.

1665
00:54:41,444 --> 00:54:45,682
THE OTHER CHALLENGE IS FOR

1666
00:54:45,749 --> 00:54:46,850
STUDIES, THEY WERE ALL UNDER

1667
00:54:46,916 --> 00:54:48,752
LOCAL IRB REVIEW, SO INDIVIDUAL

1668
00:54:48,818 --> 00:54:50,720
SITES MIGHT HAVE CHANGED THEIR

1669
00:54:50,787 --> 00:54:53,056
CONSENT LANGUAGE AS IT RELATES

1670
00:54:53,123 --> 00:54:55,058
TO DATA AND BIOSPECIMEN SHARING

1671
00:54:55,125 --> 00:54:55,358
LANGUAGE.

1672
00:54:55,425 --> 00:54:57,427
SO EVEN WHEN LANGUAGE WAS PUT IN

1673
00:54:57,494 --> 00:55:01,097
FOR NEWER STUDIES, A SITE MIGHT

1674
00:55:01,164 --> 00:55:02,399
HAVE TWEAKED IT IN JUST A WAY

1675
00:55:02,465 --> 00:55:06,236
THAT MAKES IT UNAVAILABLE TO BE

1676
00:55:06,302 --> 00:55:07,237
PROVIDED TO EXTERNAL

1677
00:55:07,303 --> 00:55:09,239
INVESTIGATORS.

1678
00:55:09,305 --> 00:55:11,307
ANOTHER CHALLENGE IS FUNDING TO

1679
00:55:11,374 --> 00:55:13,977
CONDUCT BIOSPECIMEN ASSAYS,

1680
00:55:14,044 --> 00:55:15,211
INCLUDING BIOREPOSITORY FEES TO

1681
00:55:15,278 --> 00:55:17,947
PULL THE SAMPLES, AND THEN

1682
00:55:18,014 --> 00:55:18,848
DE-IDENTIFYING BIOSPECIMEN

1683
00:55:18,915 --> 00:55:20,617
LABELS WHEN SHARED WITH EXTERNAL

1684
00:55:20,684 --> 00:55:24,654
INVESTIGATORS.

1685
00:55:24,721 --> 00:55:28,491
THIS JUST HIGHLIGHTS SOME PAST

1686
00:55:28,558 --> 00:55:32,629
STUDIES WITH BIOSPES MESPECIMEN.

1687
00:55:32,696 --> 00:55:33,797
SO WE SAW A COUPLE OF THESE

1688
00:55:33,863 --> 00:55:35,398
NAMES WHEN WE SAW THE LIST FOR

1689
00:55:35,465 --> 00:55:35,732
COPPER.

1690
00:55:35,799 --> 00:55:37,033
I DON'T WANT TO GO THROUGH THE

1691
00:55:37,100 --> 00:55:38,435
DETAILS FOR THESE BUT JUST KIND

1692
00:55:38,501 --> 00:55:39,836
OF SHOW A GENERAL IDEA OF WHAT

1693
00:55:39,903 --> 00:55:43,106
KIND OF BIOSPECIMENS HAVE BEEN

1694
00:55:43,173 --> 00:55:44,007
COLLECTED.

1695
00:55:44,074 --> 00:55:45,642
I HAD TO USE LETTER

1696
00:55:45,709 --> 00:55:47,777
ABBREVIATIONS WHICH I'VE SPELLED

1697
00:55:47,844 --> 00:55:49,045
DOWN BEFORE BUT YOU CAN SEE FOR

1698
00:55:49,112 --> 00:55:51,281
A LOT OF OUR TRIALS, WE DO TRY

1699
00:55:51,347 --> 00:55:53,183
TO COLLECT SERUM AND PLASMA.

1700
00:55:53,249 --> 00:55:55,585
FOR SOME OF THEM WE DO COLLECT

1701
00:55:55,652 --> 00:55:59,522
URINE, SALIVA, DEPENDING ON WHAT

1702
00:55:59,589 --> 00:56:01,257
THE GOAL WAS OF THAT STUDY, WE

1703
00:56:01,324 --> 00:56:03,426
WOULD COLLECT WHOLE BLOOD FOR

1704
00:56:03,493 --> 00:56:03,960
DNA EXTRACTION.

1705
00:56:04,027 --> 00:56:07,997
AND WE ALSO TRY, BECAUSE WE'RE

1706
00:56:08,064 --> 00:56:09,065
DEALING WITH STUDIES IN

1707
00:56:09,132 --> 00:56:10,366
PREGNANCY AND THE OFFSPRING, WE

1708
00:56:10,433 --> 00:56:12,235
DO TRY TO COLLECT SAMPLES ON

1709
00:56:12,302 --> 00:56:17,574
BOTH THE MOMS AND THE INFANTS.

1710
00:56:17,640 --> 00:56:21,144
THIS IS JUST TWO MORE OF OUR

1711
00:56:21,211 --> 00:56:22,312
RECENTLY COMPLETED STUDIES.

1712
00:56:22,378 --> 00:56:24,247
YOU CAN SEE FOR THIS STUDY AND

1713
00:56:24,314 --> 00:56:26,249
ONE OF OUR ONGOING STUDY, WE DID

1714
00:56:26,316 --> 00:56:29,085
COLLECT VAGINAL SAMPLES.

1715
00:56:29,152 --> 00:56:30,687
VAGINAL SWABS, I SHOULD SAY, NOT

1716
00:56:30,754 --> 00:56:32,655
SAMPLES OF THAT.

1717
00:56:32,722 --> 00:56:33,823
SO JUST TO TALK A LITTLE BIT

1718
00:56:33,890 --> 00:56:37,727
ABOUT THE BIOREPOSITORY, SO

1719
00:56:37,794 --> 00:56:39,062
BIOSPECIMENS RIGHT NOW FOR OUR

1720
00:56:39,129 --> 00:56:40,363
ONGOING STUDIES ARE BEING STORED

1721
00:56:40,430 --> 00:56:44,033
AT THE INDIVIDUAL CLINICAL

1722
00:56:44,100 --> 00:56:44,367
CENTERS.

1723
00:56:44,434 --> 00:56:46,035
I THINK WE HAVE SENT SO MANY

1724
00:56:46,102 --> 00:56:48,505
SAMPLES TO THE NICHD BIOROOS POS

1725
00:56:48,571 --> 00:56:53,276
BIOREPOSITORY THAT THEY JUST

1726
00:56:53,343 --> 00:56:54,377
DIDN'T HAVE THE SPACE TO DO THAT

1727
00:56:54,444 --> 00:56:55,645
ANYMORE OR THE FUNDING SO RIGHT

1728
00:56:55,712 --> 00:56:56,646
NOW THEY'RE BEING STORED AT THE

1729
00:56:56,713 --> 00:56:57,180
INDIVIDUAL SITES.

1730
00:56:57,247 --> 00:56:59,015
SO CHALLENGES RELATED TO THAT IS

1731
00:56:59,082 --> 00:57:00,350
FREEZER SPACE AT THE CLINICAL

1732
00:57:00,416 --> 00:57:02,051
SITES DEPENDING ON WHAT THE SIZE

1733
00:57:02,118 --> 00:57:05,655
OF THOSE STUDIES ARE, BECAUSE

1734
00:57:05,722 --> 00:57:10,059
FREQUENTLY ON MFMU, WE'LL DO 5-,

1735
00:57:10,126 --> 00:57:11,528
10,000 SAMPLE SIZE STUDIES, AND

1736
00:57:11,594 --> 00:57:13,129
SO IF YOU'RE A BIG RECRUITER,

1737
00:57:13,196 --> 00:57:14,230
YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE A LOT OF

1738
00:57:14,297 --> 00:57:17,400
PATIENTS AND A LOT OF SAMPLES.

1739
00:57:17,467 --> 00:57:19,235
THE OTHER CHALLENGE IS THAT

1740
00:57:19,302 --> 00:57:20,570
FREEZERS AND STORAGE IS NOT

1741
00:57:20,637 --> 00:57:21,938
COVERED WITHIN ANY OF THE

1742
00:57:22,005 --> 00:57:27,177
EXISTING GRANT FUNDING, AND THEN

1743
00:57:27,243 --> 00:57:28,812
PLANNED BIOSPECIMEN ANALYSES

1744
00:57:28,878 --> 00:57:31,281
REQUIRE SHIPMENT FROM ALL THE

1745
00:57:31,347 --> 00:57:32,482
INDIVIDUAL SITES RATHER THAN

1746
00:57:32,549 --> 00:57:34,450
FROM A SINGLE CENTRAL REPOSITORY

1747
00:57:34,517 --> 00:57:35,885
WHICH DEFINITELY MAKES THE

1748
00:57:35,952 --> 00:57:37,487
PULLING OF SAMPLES TO RUN ASSAYS

1749
00:57:37,554 --> 00:57:40,323
MORE CHALLENGING.

1750
00:57:40,390 --> 00:57:42,058
SO THESE ARE JUST OUR TWO TRIALS

1751
00:57:42,125 --> 00:57:44,327
THAT ARE ONGOING WITH

1752
00:57:44,394 --> 00:57:44,661
BIOSPECIMENS.

1753
00:57:44,727 --> 00:57:46,963
SO I MENTIONED THIS ONE THAT'S

1754
00:57:47,030 --> 00:57:48,164
COLLECTING VAGINAL SWABS AND

1755
00:57:48,231 --> 00:57:51,301
THEN THE OTHER IS SERUM PLASMA

1756
00:57:51,367 --> 00:57:55,538
AND PLACENTA.

1757
00:57:55,605 --> 00:57:56,873
SO TO TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT

1758
00:57:56,940 --> 00:58:01,544
THE FUTURE, SO I THINK IN ONE OF

1759
00:58:01,611 --> 00:58:05,715
THE VERY BEGINNING TALKS, THEY

1760
00:58:05,782 --> 00:58:09,619
MENTIONED THE NEW PAR, SO THAT'S

1761
00:58:09,686 --> 00:58:09,886
PAR23-037.

1762
00:58:09,953 --> 00:58:11,688
I THINK THAT IS A NUMBER THAT I

1763
00:58:11,754 --> 00:58:13,523
WILL HAVE FOREVER ENGRAINED IN

1764
00:58:13,590 --> 00:58:15,592
MY MEMORY.

1765
00:58:15,658 --> 00:58:17,994
SO IN THAT, YOU NEED TO -- IN

1766
00:58:18,061 --> 00:58:18,895
GRANTS THAT ARE SUBMITTED

1767
00:58:18,962 --> 00:58:20,463
THROUGH THIS NEW MECHANISM TO

1768
00:58:20,530 --> 00:58:22,031
CONDUCT STUDIES WITHIN THE

1769
00:58:22,098 --> 00:58:25,902
NETWORKS, YOU HAVE TO INCLUDE

1770
00:58:25,969 --> 00:58:28,972
FUNDING FOR A BIOREPOSITORY.

1771
00:58:29,038 --> 00:58:31,975
AND SO BIOSPECIMENS ARE SENT TO

1772
00:58:32,041 --> 00:58:33,409
A BIOREPOSITORY THAT ARE

1773
00:58:33,476 --> 00:58:35,912
IDENTIFIED IN THAT GRANT

1774
00:58:35,979 --> 00:58:37,347
APPLICATION, AND WHAT WE HAVE

1775
00:58:37,413 --> 00:58:39,048
DONE THUS FAR, WHICH, YOU KNOW,

1776
00:58:39,115 --> 00:58:41,584
I THINK CAN BE DISCUSSED AND

1777
00:58:41,651 --> 00:58:42,752
RE-EVALUATED, IS USUALLY THE

1778
00:58:42,819 --> 00:58:45,021
LEAD CLINICAL CENTER WHO IS

1779
00:58:45,088 --> 00:58:46,756
SUBMITTING THAT GRANT WOULD

1780
00:58:46,823 --> 00:58:50,026
SERVE AS THE BIOREPOSITORY AND

1781
00:58:50,093 --> 00:58:51,427
THE SAMPLES WOULD BE SHIPPED

1782
00:58:51,494 --> 00:58:52,228
THERE.

1783
00:58:52,295 --> 00:58:53,396
HOWEVER, CHALLENGES TO THAT IS

1784
00:58:53,463 --> 00:58:55,265
THAT THERE'S NO FUNDING FOR THAT

1785
00:58:55,331 --> 00:58:56,633
STORAGE BEYOND THE FIVE-YEAR

1786
00:58:56,699 --> 00:58:58,401
LIFE OF THAT GRANT, SO YOU

1787
00:58:58,468 --> 00:59:00,169
SUBMIT THE GRANT WITH COSTS

1788
00:59:00,236 --> 00:59:01,804
COVERED FOR THE BIOREPOSITORY

1789
00:59:01,871 --> 00:59:03,172
BUT THEN WHAT HAPPENS AFTER FIVE

1790
00:59:03,239 --> 00:59:03,640
YEARS?

1791
00:59:03,706 --> 00:59:05,375
AND THEN THE OTHER POINT, TOO,

1792
00:59:05,441 --> 00:59:08,778
THAT I JUST WANTED TO RAISE IS

1793
00:59:08,845 --> 00:59:10,980
THAT ANY TIME THAT THERE'S

1794
00:59:11,047 --> 00:59:14,751
BUDGET CUTS TO THE GRANT, EITHER

1795
00:59:14,817 --> 00:59:16,152
BEFORE GRANT SUBMISSION OR AFTER

1796
00:59:16,219 --> 00:59:17,387
GRANT SUBMISSION, THE EASIEST

1797
00:59:17,453 --> 00:59:18,988
THING TO ELIMINATE OUT OF A

1798
00:59:19,055 --> 00:59:20,823
GRANT IS THE COLLECTION OF

1799
00:59:20,890 --> 00:59:21,824
BIOSPECIMENS.

1800
00:59:21,891 --> 00:59:23,593
IT'S THE EASIEST THING.

1801
00:59:23,660 --> 00:59:26,496
I KNOW WE PROBABLY -- MAYBE NOT

1802
00:59:26,562 --> 00:59:27,830
EVERYBODY AGREES BUT WHEN YOU'RE

1803
00:59:27,897 --> 00:59:29,432
TRYING TO MAKE A QUICK CUT TO A

1804
00:59:29,499 --> 00:59:30,566
BUDGET, THAT HAS BEEN THE FIRST

1805
00:59:30,633 --> 00:59:31,601
THING THAT WE'VE HAD TO CUT OUT

1806
00:59:31,668 --> 00:59:33,870
OF THERE, SO WE'VE EITHER HAD TO

1807
00:59:33,937 --> 00:59:35,905
COMPLETELY ELIMINATE THE

1808
00:59:35,972 --> 00:59:37,106
COLLECTION OF BIOSPECIMENS WITH

1809
00:59:37,173 --> 00:59:39,943
THE HOPE OF GETTING ANCILLARY

1810
00:59:40,009 --> 00:59:41,711
FUNDING TO COLLECT THOSE OR

1811
00:59:41,778 --> 00:59:43,112
WE'VE HAD TO REDUCE THE NUMBER

1812
00:59:43,179 --> 00:59:45,581
OF SAMPLES OR THE NUMBER OF

1813
00:59:45,648 --> 00:59:46,916
PATIENTS AND WHAT SAMPLES ARE

1814
00:59:46,983 --> 00:59:48,718
COLLECTED.

1815
00:59:48,785 --> 00:59:51,287
SO THIS IS OUR STUDY THAT IS IN

1816
00:59:51,354 --> 00:59:51,654
IMPLEMENTATION.

1817
00:59:51,721 --> 00:59:53,022
IT'S OUR VERY FIRST STUDY THAT'S

1818
00:59:53,089 --> 00:59:54,958
BEEN FUNDED UNDER THAT NEW PAR,

1819
00:59:55,024 --> 00:59:56,826
SO WE'RE VERY EXCITED ABOUT

1820
00:59:56,893 --> 00:59:57,226
THAT.

1821
00:59:57,293 --> 00:59:59,095
YOU CAN SEE -- AND I KNOW

1822
00:59:59,162 --> 01:00:01,564
SOMEONE MENTIONED EARLIER ABOUT

1823
01:00:01,631 --> 01:00:02,966
THE AZITHROMYCIN, SO WE'RE GOING

1824
01:00:03,032 --> 01:00:08,371
TO BE LOOKING AT ADJUNCTIVE

1825
01:00:08,438 --> 01:00:10,740
AZITHROMYCIN WITH THOSE WITH

1826
01:00:10,807 --> 01:00:13,042
SCHEDULED OR PRE-LABOR CESAREAN.

1827
01:00:13,109 --> 01:00:14,110
YOU'LL SEE WE ENDED UP HAVING TO

1828
01:00:14,177 --> 01:00:16,045
DROP THE COLLECTION OF

1829
01:00:16,112 --> 01:00:17,347
BIOSPECIMENS TO 1,000.

1830
01:00:17,413 --> 01:00:20,516
ALL THE DETAILS ON THE

1831
01:00:20,583 --> 01:00:22,251
BIOSPECIMENS ARE STILL BEING

1832
01:00:22,318 --> 01:00:23,553
WORKED OUT SO I DON'T HAVE ANY

1833
01:00:23,619 --> 01:00:27,390
DETAILS ON THOSE, AND THEN I

1834
01:00:27,457 --> 01:00:29,692
KNOW THERE'S THE INTENT TO GET

1835
01:00:29,759 --> 01:00:31,294
EXTERNAL FUNDING TO DO THE

1836
01:00:31,361 --> 01:00:34,697
MICROBIOME.

1837
01:00:34,764 --> 01:00:35,331
AND THAT'S ALL I HAVE.

1838
01:00:35,398 --> 01:00:36,933
I DON'T KNOW IF WE'RE DOING

1839
01:00:37,000 --> 01:00:38,368
QUESTIONS AFTER EACH ONE OR AT

1840
01:00:38,434 --> 01:00:47,243
THE END?

1841
01:00:47,310 --> 01:00:49,946
>>  -- FUNDING BEYOND THE

1842
01:00:50,013 --> 01:00:50,446
FIVE-YEAR GRANT PERIOD?

1843
01:00:50,513 --> 01:00:52,648
>> ALL THE QUESTIONS WILL BE

1844
01:00:52,715 --> 01:00:54,384
ADDRESSED IN THE PANEL

1845
01:00:54,450 --> 01:00:55,918
DISCUSSION SECTION AT THE END OF

1846
01:00:55,985 --> 01:00:56,419
THE SECTION.

1847
01:00:56,486 --> 01:01:00,156
>> THANK YOU, DR. CLIFTON.

1848
01:01:00,223 --> 01:01:02,358
OUR NEXT TALK IS ON REPRODUCTIVE

1849
01:01:02,425 --> 01:01:03,760
RESEARCH BIOBANKING,

1850
01:01:03,826 --> 01:01:05,461
INFRASTRUCTURE AND ADAPTATIONS,

1851
01:01:05,528 --> 01:01:08,097
BY DR. ANTONIA FROLOVA.

1852
01:01:08,164 --> 01:01:18,374
FROM WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY.

1853
01:01:18,441 --> 01:01:19,575
>> HI, EVERYBODY.

1854
01:01:19,642 --> 01:01:22,045
MY NAME IS TONI FROLOVA.

1855
01:01:22,111 --> 01:01:23,913
I'M HERE FROM WASHINGTON

1856
01:01:23,980 --> 01:01:25,415
UNIVERSITY AS THEY MENTIONED.

1857
01:01:25,481 --> 01:01:26,783
LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET THIS UP

1858
01:01:26,849 --> 01:01:31,821
AND RUNNING.

1859
01:01:31,888 --> 01:01:32,922
SO I'M GOING TO TALK A LITTLE

1860
01:01:32,989 --> 01:01:38,561
BIT ABOUT OUR BIOBANK, FORMERLY

1861
01:01:38,628 --> 01:01:41,964
KNOWN AS THE WIHSC, WE'RE DOING

1862
01:01:42,031 --> 01:01:43,966
SOME REBRANDING NOW.

1863
01:01:44,033 --> 01:01:44,300
I'LL TALK

1864
01:01:44,367 --> 01:01:44,634
ABOUT.

1865
01:01:44,700 --> 01:01:45,968
SO WE'LL TALK ABOUT THE HISTORY

1866
01:01:46,035 --> 01:01:46,836
AND THEN SOME CURRENT AND

1867
01:01:46,903 --> 01:01:49,038
ONGOING METRICS OF SUCCESS AS

1868
01:01:49,105 --> 01:01:50,540
WE'VE DEFINED THEM AND KIND OF

1869
01:01:50,606 --> 01:01:53,709
THINGS THAT WE'RE AIMING FOR.

1870
01:01:53,776 --> 01:01:56,446
SOME OF THESE HAVE ALSO BEEN

1871
01:01:56,512 --> 01:01:57,647
MENTIONED BY OTHER SPEAKERS

1872
01:01:57,713 --> 01:01:58,514
ALREADY.

1873
01:01:58,581 --> 01:02:01,451
SO THE WIHSC WAS ORIGINALLY

1874
01:02:01,517 --> 01:02:02,285
STARTED IN 2008 SO WE'RE ABOUT

1875
01:02:02,351 --> 01:02:03,386
15 TO 16 YEARS OLD AND THE

1876
01:02:03,453 --> 01:02:06,155
PURPOSE WAS TO CREATE JUST A

1877
01:02:06,222 --> 01:02:09,525
PROSPECTIVE COMPREHENSIVE BIOSES

1878
01:02:09,592 --> 01:02:12,128
MEN BANK OF TISSUES,

1879
01:02:12,195 --> 01:02:14,730
REPRODUCTIVE TISSUES FROM WOMEN

1880
01:02:14,797 --> 01:02:16,165
BEFORE PREGNANCY AND DURING

1881
01:02:16,232 --> 01:02:16,432
PREGNANCY.

1882
01:02:16,499 --> 01:02:22,105
IT WAS ORIGINALLY STARTED B IN E

1883
01:02:22,171 --> 01:02:23,406
REI SPACE SO YOU CAN SEE IT WAS

1884
01:02:23,473 --> 01:02:27,310
A LITTLE BIT HEAVY ON THE REI

1885
01:02:27,376 --> 01:02:28,544
SPECIMEN, SO FOLLICULAR FLUID

1886
01:02:28,611 --> 01:02:37,286
WAS INCLUDED, DISCARDED OOCYTES,

1887
01:02:37,353 --> 01:02:39,989
GRANULOIS A CELLS, CONTINUED TO

1888
01:02:40,056 --> 01:02:41,424
MATCH MATERNAL BLOOD, CORD

1889
01:02:41,491 --> 01:02:44,760
BLOOD, PLACENTA, AMNIOTIC FLUID

1890
01:02:44,827 --> 01:02:49,165
COLLECTED.

1891
01:02:49,232 --> 01:02:50,166
STARTING LAST YEAR AND REALLY

1892
01:02:50,233 --> 01:02:52,168
INTO THIS YEAR, WE'VE RENAMED OR

1893
01:02:52,235 --> 01:02:54,237
WORKING ON RENAMING THE BIOBANK

1894
01:02:54,303 --> 01:02:55,438
TO REPRODUCTIVE SPECIMEN

1895
01:02:55,505 --> 01:02:56,439
PROCESSING AND BANKING AND THIS

1896
01:02:56,506 --> 01:02:58,474
IS TO MAKE IT MORE INCLUSIVE

1897
01:02:58,541 --> 01:03:00,109
BECAUSE WE DO INCLUDE SOME MALE

1898
01:03:00,176 --> 01:03:04,547
SAMPLES THAT ARE REPRODUCTIVE

1899
01:03:04,614 --> 01:03:06,916
SAMPLES, SEMEN AND SPERM, AS

1900
01:03:06,983 --> 01:03:08,584
WELL AS IN ADDITION TO --

1901
01:03:08,651 --> 01:03:09,819
ACTUALLY INSTEAD OF JUST

1902
01:03:09,886 --> 01:03:11,087
BANKING, WE ARE FOCUSED A LITTLE

1903
01:03:11,154 --> 01:03:12,522
BIT MORE ON PROCESSING TISSUES

1904
01:03:12,588 --> 01:03:14,790
FOR VARIOUS STUDIES, AND THIS IS

1905
01:03:14,857 --> 01:03:16,859
OH MAKE THEM MORE USED BY OUR

1906
01:03:16,926 --> 01:03:19,162
RESEARCHERS, SO WE'RE TRYING TO

1907
01:03:19,228 --> 01:03:21,030
BE A LITTLE MORE INCLUSIVE IN

1908
01:03:21,097 --> 01:03:22,398
OUR TIE TILL.

1909
01:03:22,465 --> 01:03:23,633
BUT HISTORICALLY THIS IS WHAT'S

1910
01:03:23,699 --> 01:03:24,167
IN THE BANK NOW.

1911
01:03:24,233 --> 01:03:26,969
SO YOU CAN SEE ABOUT 64,000

1912
01:03:27,036 --> 01:03:32,108
SAMPLES, AND THIS IS FROM -- UP

1913
01:03:32,175 --> 01:03:33,743
TO ABOUT 3,000 PATIENTS FOR

1914
01:03:33,809 --> 01:03:35,178
MATERNAL BLOOD FOR EXAMPLE, BUT

1915
01:03:35,244 --> 01:03:36,812
THESE ARE ALL FROM VARIOUS

1916
01:03:36,879 --> 01:03:39,849
STUDIES AND VARIOUS POINTS IN

1917
01:03:39,916 --> 01:03:40,516
COLLECTION, SO REALLY DON'T HAVE

1918
01:03:40,583 --> 01:03:43,886
A NUMBER OF SUBJECTS THAT'S

1919
01:03:43,953 --> 01:03:44,987
EXACT BECAUSE SOME OF THESE ARE

1920
01:03:45,054 --> 01:03:48,357
PLACHED AND SOMATCHED AND SOME .

1921
01:03:48,424 --> 01:03:49,859
YOU CAN SEE THE NUMBERS DON'T

1922
01:03:49,926 --> 01:03:52,161
EQUAL SAMPLES BECAUSE MANY OF

1923
01:03:52,228 --> 01:03:56,232
THESE ARE CYRIL YA SERIALLY COL.

1924
01:03:56,299 --> 01:03:57,333
MANY OF THE PATIENTS WERE ASKED

1925
01:03:57,400 --> 01:03:59,068
TO DONATE BLOOD THROUGHOUT THEIR

1926
01:03:59,135 --> 01:04:00,369
PREGNANCY, SO THERE'S AT LEAST

1927
01:04:00,436 --> 01:04:01,771
THREE MATCHED SAMPLES FROM

1928
01:04:01,837 --> 01:04:03,573
FIRST, SECOND, THIRD TRIMESTER,

1929
01:04:03,639 --> 01:04:04,807
DEPENDING ON HOW THE STUDY WAS

1930
01:04:04,874 --> 01:04:07,877
ORGANIZED.

1931
01:04:07,944 --> 01:04:12,448
IN ADDITION TO THE SAMPLES, WE

1932
01:04:12,515 --> 01:04:14,850
HISTORICALLY HAVE COLLECTED

1933
01:04:14,917 --> 01:04:15,718
EXTENSIVE PATIENT CLINICAL DATA.

1934
01:04:15,785 --> 01:04:18,888
WE'VE TRIED TO KEEP THIS VERY

1935
01:04:18,955 --> 01:04:20,723
CONSISTENT BETWEEN STUDIES, SO

1936
01:04:20,790 --> 01:04:21,924
120 DATA POINTS ARE ALWAYS

1937
01:04:21,991 --> 01:04:25,761
COLLECTED FOR PATIENTS ENROLLED

1938
01:04:25,828 --> 01:04:28,931
IN RPR BANK, SO MATERNAL

1939
01:04:28,998 --> 01:04:30,233
DEMOGRAPHICS, MATERNAL CO-MORBID

1940
01:04:30,299 --> 01:04:31,901
ITS, PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS,

1941
01:04:31,968 --> 01:04:32,868
DELIVERY INFORMATION AS WELL AS

1942
01:04:32,935 --> 01:04:34,971
NEONATAL OUTCOMES, ALL KEPT IN

1943
01:04:35,037 --> 01:04:38,140
THE REDCAP DATABASE, ENCRYPTED

1944
01:04:38,207 --> 01:04:38,441
AND SECURE.

1945
01:04:38,507 --> 01:04:39,475
IN ADDITION TO THE CLINICAL

1946
01:04:39,542 --> 01:04:40,343
DATA, THOUGH, I THINK IT'S

1947
01:04:40,409 --> 01:04:41,644
IMPORTANT TO POINT OUT WE'VE

1948
01:04:41,711 --> 01:04:42,979
ALWAYS KEPT SCREENING DATA AND

1949
01:04:43,045 --> 01:04:44,280
I'LL SHOW YOU WHY THAT BECOMES

1950
01:04:44,347 --> 01:04:45,581
IMPORTANT WITH A LITTLE CASE

1951
01:04:45,648 --> 01:04:46,782
STUDY.

1952
01:04:46,849 --> 01:04:48,117
THIS ALLOWS US TO REALLY KEEP

1953
01:04:48,184 --> 01:04:50,486
TRACK OF OUR POPULATION WHERE

1954
01:04:50,553 --> 01:04:52,788
SAMPLES ARE COMING FROM, AND

1955
01:04:52,855 --> 01:04:55,091
THEN IN ADDITION, SEE WHO'S

1956
01:04:55,157 --> 01:04:57,593
DECLINING RESEARCH AND WHO'S

1957
01:04:57,660 --> 01:04:58,828
CONSENTING FOR RESEARCH AND TO

1958
01:04:58,894 --> 01:05:01,797
SEE IF WE CAN REALLY HAVE SOME

1959
01:05:01,864 --> 01:05:03,833
EQUITY IN THE POPULATION AND IN

1960
01:05:03,899 --> 01:05:06,902
THE BANK.

1961
01:05:06,969 --> 01:05:07,536
WHO RUNS THIS?

1962
01:05:07,603 --> 01:05:09,739
SO THE INITIAL TEAM WAS A

1963
01:05:09,805 --> 01:05:11,474
DIRECTOR.

1964
01:05:11,540 --> 01:05:12,975
THIS HAS SWITCHED OVER THREE

1965
01:05:13,042 --> 01:05:15,211
TIMES, I BELIEVE, AND I'M THE

1966
01:05:15,278 --> 01:05:15,611
LATEST ONE.

1967
01:05:15,678 --> 01:05:17,046
AS SENIOR COORDINATOR, WE'VE

1968
01:05:17,113 --> 01:05:18,981
BEEN LUCKY ENOUGH TO HAVE THE

1969
01:05:19,048 --> 01:05:21,117
SAME SENIOR COORDINATOR FOR ALL

1970
01:05:21,183 --> 01:05:26,489
ACCEPT YEA16YEARS SO IT'S A G

1971
01:05:26,555 --> 01:05:28,457
HISTORICAL -- AS WELL, THEY'RE

1972
01:05:28,524 --> 01:05:30,192
ABLE TO KEEP UP WITH CONSENTS,

1973
01:05:30,259 --> 01:05:31,827
CLINICAL DATA EXTRACTION,

1974
01:05:31,894 --> 01:05:34,563
EXPLICOMPLIANCE AND ALSO TAKING

1975
01:05:34,630 --> 01:05:36,332
REQUESTS FOR PROSPECTIVE AND RE

1976
01:05:36,399 --> 01:05:37,300
FRO SPECULATIVE SAMPLES.

1977
01:05:37,366 --> 01:05:38,601
THEN A CLINICAL LAB SUPERVISOR

1978
01:05:38,668 --> 01:05:39,902
WHO'S IN CHARGE OF THE SAMPLE

1979
01:05:39,969 --> 01:05:43,039
PROCESSING TRACKING, PROTOCOL

1980
01:05:43,105 --> 01:05:45,341
CLIENS AND SOP DEVELOPMENT ALONG

1981
01:05:45,408 --> 01:05:48,411
WITH THE DIRECTOR AND SENIOR

1982
01:05:48,477 --> 01:05:48,811
COORDINATOR.

1983
01:05:48,878 --> 01:05:50,579
WE'VE ALSO HAD ADDITIONAL

1984
01:05:50,646 --> 01:05:52,148
PERSONNEL, THIS KIND OF VARIES

1985
01:05:52,214 --> 01:05:53,215
WITH STUDIES ONGOING AT THE

1986
01:05:53,282 --> 01:05:53,816
MOMENT.

1987
01:05:53,883 --> 01:05:55,618
SO LAB RESEARCH ASSISTANTS WHO

1988
01:05:55,685 --> 01:05:58,187
ARE THERE TO HELP WITH SAMPLE

1989
01:05:58,254 --> 01:05:58,788
PROCESSING.

1990
01:05:58,854 --> 01:06:00,022
SOME OF THE SAMPLE PROCESSING,

1991
01:06:00,089 --> 01:06:01,457
DEPENDING ON THE STUDY THAT'S

1992
01:06:01,524 --> 01:06:02,658
ENROLLED, CAN TAKE UP TO TWO

1993
01:06:02,725 --> 01:06:03,959
HOURS PER SAMPLE.

1994
01:06:04,026 --> 01:06:05,695
AND THEN CLINICAL RESEARCH

1995
01:06:05,761 --> 01:06:06,228
ASSISTANTS.

1996
01:06:06,295 --> 01:06:08,331
THIS, I THINK, IS ONE OF THE

1997
01:06:08,397 --> 01:06:10,733
MOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF OUR

1998
01:06:10,800 --> 01:06:12,668
STUDY, OF OUR BANK, IS THAT WE

1999
01:06:12,735 --> 01:06:14,003
HAVE CLINICAL RESEARCH

2000
01:06:14,070 --> 01:06:14,937
ASSISTANTS WHO ARE SPECIFICALLY

2001
01:06:15,004 --> 01:06:17,973
TRAINED TO CONSENT PATIENTS ON

2002
01:06:18,040 --> 01:06:18,541
LABOR AND DELIVERY.

2003
01:06:18,607 --> 01:06:22,044
AND YOU CAN IMAGINE THAT'S A

2004
01:06:22,111 --> 01:06:23,679
PRETTY SENSITIVE PLACE FOR

2005
01:06:23,746 --> 01:06:26,182
RESEARCHERS TO BE APPROACHING

2006
01:06:26,248 --> 01:06:28,384
PATIENTS, AND WE TAKE GREAT

2007
01:06:28,451 --> 01:06:30,986
PRIDE IN HAVING THESE

2008
01:06:31,053 --> 01:06:32,521
INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR SUCCESS

2009
01:06:32,588 --> 01:06:37,893
RATE WITH CONSENTS.

2010
01:06:37,960 --> 01:06:40,596
SO IF WE LOOK HISTORICALLY AT

2011
01:06:40,663 --> 01:06:41,931
WHAT THE BANK HAS BEEN THROUGH

2012
01:06:41,997 --> 01:06:43,399
SINCE 2008, THE GOAL WAS TO JUST

2013
01:06:43,466 --> 01:06:45,935
GET PROSPECTIVE UNIVERSAL

2014
01:06:46,001 --> 01:06:49,538
BANKING FOR WOMEN UNDERGOING --

2015
01:06:49,605 --> 01:06:50,973
DESIRING PREGNANCY AND IN

2016
01:06:51,040 --> 01:06:52,842
PREGNANCY, AND DURING THE FIVE

2017
01:06:52,908 --> 01:06:54,343
YEARS WHEN THE BANK WAS FIRST

2018
01:06:54,410 --> 01:06:55,778
STARTED, OVER 40,000 SAMPLES

2019
01:06:55,845 --> 01:07:00,082
WERE BANKED, BUT AS SOMEBODY

2020
01:07:00,149 --> 01:07:02,284
ELSE MENTIONED, THESE WERE LOW

2021
01:07:02,351 --> 01:07:05,988
RISK SAMPLES FOR THE MOST PART.

2022
01:07:06,055 --> 01:07:09,024
THE FUNDING CAME FROM A PRIVATE

2023
01:07:09,091 --> 01:07:10,259
GRANT, WHICH THEN RAN OUT AFTER

2024
01:07:10,326 --> 01:07:11,894
FIVE YEARS, SO THAT'S ANOTHER

2025
01:07:11,961 --> 01:07:16,499
CHALLENGE THAT I'LL TALK ABOUT.

2026
01:07:16,565 --> 01:07:17,900
SO IN 2013 WHEN WE LOOKED BACK

2027
01:07:17,967 --> 01:07:20,403
IN ALL OF THOSE SAMPLES BANKED,

2028
01:07:20,469 --> 01:07:21,504
THEY WEREN'T BEING UTILIZED THAT

2029
01:07:21,570 --> 01:07:23,939
MUCH BY OUR RESEARCHERS, SO WE

2030
01:07:24,006 --> 01:07:25,007
RESTRUCTURED TO BEGIN PARTNERING

2031
01:07:25,074 --> 01:07:30,646
WITH OTHER STUDIES, SO THIS IS

2032
01:07:30,713 --> 01:07:31,881
WHERE OUR GLOBAL CONSENT AND

2033
01:07:31,947 --> 01:07:33,182
DUAL ENROLLMENT CAME IN, SO WE

2034
01:07:33,249 --> 01:07:35,084
TRY TO REALLY UTILIZE ONE

2035
01:07:35,151 --> 01:07:37,319
SPECIMEN COLLECTION CONTROL --

2036
01:07:37,386 --> 01:07:39,288
CONSENT FORM FOR AS MANY STUDIES

2037
01:07:39,355 --> 01:07:42,324
AS POSSIBLE, SO IF THEY'RE JUST

2038
01:07:42,391 --> 01:07:43,759
MEETING SAMPLES, IT WILL GO

2039
01:07:43,826 --> 01:07:45,194
THROUGH THIS CONSENT.

2040
01:07:45,261 --> 01:07:50,199
AND THIS HAS SEVERAL BENEFITS.

2041
01:07:50,266 --> 01:07:51,934
IT ALLOWS US TO CONSTANTLY BE

2042
01:07:52,001 --> 01:07:53,035
UPDATING OUR PROTOCOLS FOR

2043
01:07:53,102 --> 01:07:55,104
SPECIFIC USES, THINGS THAT WERE

2044
01:07:55,171 --> 01:07:56,305
COLLECTED 15 YEARS AGO MIGHT NOT

2045
01:07:56,372 --> 01:07:57,606
BE COLLECTED IN A WAY THAT'S

2046
01:07:57,673 --> 01:07:58,741
USEFUL NOW, FOR EXAMPLE, THINGS

2047
01:07:58,808 --> 01:08:00,342
THAT WERE COLLECTED FOR

2048
01:08:00,409 --> 01:08:02,511
HISTOLOGY BACK THEN CAN'T BE

2049
01:08:02,578 --> 01:08:04,280
USED FOR RNA SEQ NOW.

2050
01:08:04,346 --> 01:08:06,182
SO THIS ALLOWS US TO REALLY

2051
01:08:06,248 --> 01:08:07,750
UPDATE FOR THE USES THAT ARE

2052
01:08:07,817 --> 01:08:10,653
BEING UTILIZED NOW.

2053
01:08:10,719 --> 01:08:13,055
IT ALSO MOST IMPORTANTLY, I

2054
01:08:13,122 --> 01:08:14,156
THINK, LIMITS APPROACH FOR

2055
01:08:14,223 --> 01:08:14,623
PATIENTS.

2056
01:08:14,690 --> 01:08:16,392
SO APPROACHING A PATIENT WITH

2057
01:08:16,459 --> 01:08:18,461
ONE CONSENT FORM AS OPPOSED TO

2058
01:08:18,527 --> 01:08:21,430
SIX OR SEVEN OR 10 IS MUCH MORE

2059
01:08:21,497 --> 01:08:22,531
PALATABLE TO OUR PATIENTS AND

2060
01:08:22,598 --> 01:08:23,833
OUR RESEARCH ASSISTANTS.

2061
01:08:23,899 --> 01:08:25,668
AND THIS REALLY HAS INCREASED

2062
01:08:25,734 --> 01:08:27,236
STUDY ENROLLMENT.

2063
01:08:27,303 --> 01:08:29,839
AND IN ADDITION, REALLY FOCUSING

2064
01:08:29,905 --> 01:08:31,707
THIS WAY ALLOWS FOR SAMPLES TO

2065
01:08:31,774 --> 01:08:33,642
BE BANKED THAT CAN BE USED BY

2066
01:08:33,709 --> 01:08:34,777
RESEARCHERS WHO CONDUCTED A

2067
01:08:34,844 --> 01:08:36,712
STUDY BUT THEN NEED TO DO SOME

2068
01:08:36,779 --> 01:08:37,580
SECONDARY ANALYSES, FOR EXAMPLE,

2069
01:08:37,646 --> 01:08:39,215
WITH THE SAME BACKGROUND, BUT

2070
01:08:39,281 --> 01:08:40,983
ALSO IT HAS SOME EXTRA SAMPLES

2071
01:08:41,050 --> 01:08:42,384
FOR ADDITIONAL STUDIES THAT COME

2072
01:08:42,451 --> 01:08:46,956
UP.

2073
01:08:47,022 --> 01:08:48,257
IN 2014 WE STOPPED ENROLLMENT

2074
01:08:48,324 --> 01:08:49,658
FOR JUST UNIVERSAL BANKING AND

2075
01:08:49,725 --> 01:08:51,861
HAVE ONLY BEEN USING DUAL

2076
01:08:51,927 --> 01:08:53,729
ENROLLMENT WITH OTHER STUDIES,

2077
01:08:53,796 --> 01:08:58,868
AND THEN IN 2015, WE RESTRUC

2078
01:08:58,934 --> 01:09:00,936
RESTRUCTURED BUSINESS -- AND

2079
01:09:01,003 --> 01:09:05,207
BECAME A RESEARCH CENTER TO TRY

2080
01:09:05,274 --> 01:09:09,111
TO STAY AFLOAT FINANCIALLY.

2081
01:09:09,178 --> 01:09:10,446
2017, WE PARTNERED WITH THE

2082
01:09:10,513 --> 01:09:13,382
MARCH OF DIMES COHORT STUDY.

2083
01:09:13,449 --> 01:09:14,683
YOU CAN JUST SEE THE NUMBER OF

2084
01:09:14,750 --> 01:09:15,784
SPECIMENS THAT INCREASED DURING

2085
01:09:15,851 --> 01:09:16,652
THE THREE YEARS THAT WE

2086
01:09:16,719 --> 01:09:18,621
PARTICIPATED IN THIS STUDY, AND

2087
01:09:18,687 --> 01:09:20,489
THEN IN 2021, WE'VE DEVELOPED

2088
01:09:20,556 --> 01:09:21,590
SOME NEW METRICS THAT WE'RE

2089
01:09:21,657 --> 01:09:23,325
GOING TO BE -- THAT I'LL TALK

2090
01:09:23,392 --> 01:09:23,859
ABOUT.

2091
01:09:23,926 --> 01:09:25,928
SO THE NEW METRICS, WE REALLY

2092
01:09:25,995 --> 01:09:27,563
ASKED OURSELVES WHAT DETERMINES

2093
01:09:27,630 --> 01:09:29,098
THE SUCCESS OF A TISSUE BANK A

2094
01:09:29,164 --> 01:09:30,399
COUPLE YEARS AGO, AND THESE ARE

2095
01:09:30,466 --> 01:09:31,934
THE THINGS THAT WE CAME UP WITH.

2096
01:09:32,001 --> 01:09:33,669
SO OBVIOUSLY SAMPLES COLLECTED,

2097
01:09:33,736 --> 01:09:35,437
PROCESSED AND BANKED.

2098
01:09:35,504 --> 01:09:36,872
YOU CAN LOOK AT THIS SEVERAL

2099
01:09:36,939 --> 01:09:37,306
WAYS.

2100
01:09:37,373 --> 01:09:39,475
SO ONE, JUST NUMBERS.

2101
01:09:39,542 --> 01:09:43,112
BUT TWO, REALLY QUALITY OF THE

2102
01:09:43,178 --> 01:09:44,213
SAMPLES, AND HOW THEY'RE BEING

2103
01:09:44,280 --> 01:09:44,513
COLLECTED.

2104
01:09:44,580 --> 01:09:46,148
I THINK THOSE ARE IMPORTANT

2105
01:09:46,215 --> 01:09:49,184
THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND.

2106
01:09:49,251 --> 01:09:50,819
THEN WE LOOK AT WHAT SAMPLES ARE

2107
01:09:50,886 --> 01:09:52,154
BEING REQUESTED ON A REGULAR

2108
01:09:52,221 --> 01:09:52,388
BASIS.

2109
01:09:52,454 --> 01:09:53,656
I'LL TALK ABOUT THAT.

2110
01:09:53,722 --> 01:09:55,724
AS WELL AS COST.

2111
01:09:55,791 --> 01:09:57,059
WE ALL KNOW IT COSTS A LOT TO

2112
01:09:57,126 --> 01:09:58,794
COLLECT AND STORE THE SAMPLES,

2113
01:09:58,861 --> 01:09:59,895
AND WHERE IS THAT FUNDING COMING

2114
01:09:59,962 --> 01:10:00,663
FROM.

2115
01:10:00,729 --> 01:10:02,398
AND HOW ARE WE DOING ON THE INS

2116
01:10:02,464 --> 01:10:03,365
AND OUTS.

2117
01:10:03,432 --> 01:10:05,901
AND THEN LAST BUT NOT LEAST, I

2118
01:10:05,968 --> 01:10:07,069
THINK ACADEMIC OUTPUTS ARE

2119
01:10:07,136 --> 01:10:08,504
REALLY IMPORTANT FOR US TO KEEP

2120
01:10:08,571 --> 01:10:09,805
TRACK, SO THAT MEANS

2121
01:10:09,872 --> 01:10:12,207
PUBLICATIONS FOR THE MOST PART.

2122
01:10:12,274 --> 01:10:13,742
WE HAVE NOT BEEN HISTORICALLY

2123
01:10:13,809 --> 01:10:15,945
GOOD AT KEEPING TRACK OF THAT

2124
01:10:16,011 --> 01:10:17,546
BUT ALSO COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT IS

2125
01:10:17,613 --> 01:10:18,514
ANOTHER PIECE I'LL MENTION AT

2126
01:10:18,581 --> 01:10:18,981
THE END.

2127
01:10:19,048 --> 01:10:20,516
SO THIS IS KIND OF WHAT OUR

2128
01:10:20,583 --> 01:10:22,151
METRICS LOOK LIKE IN TERMS OF

2129
01:10:22,217 --> 01:10:22,651
SAMPLES COLLECTED.

2130
01:10:22,718 --> 01:10:23,886
SO YOU CAN SEE IN THE PURPLE,

2131
01:10:23,953 --> 01:10:25,187
THAT WAS THE PROSPECTIVE

2132
01:10:25,254 --> 01:10:25,955
COLLECTION AND THEN IN THE GREEN

2133
01:10:26,021 --> 01:10:29,224
IS WHEN WE DROPPED OFF AND BEGAN

2134
01:10:29,291 --> 01:10:31,527
JUST PARTNERING WITH STUDIES IN

2135
01:10:31,594 --> 01:10:33,362
THE DUAL ENROLLMENT.

2136
01:10:33,429 --> 01:10:35,564
2017 IS WHEN THE MARCH OF DIMES

2137
01:10:35,631 --> 01:10:35,998
COHORT HAPPENED.

2138
01:10:36,065 --> 01:10:39,702
YOU CAN SEE THERE WAS A BOLUS OF

2139
01:10:39,768 --> 01:10:42,104
SAMPLES, 2020 AND 2021 WAS OUR

2140
01:10:42,171 --> 01:10:43,739
COVID YEARS.

2141
01:10:43,806 --> 01:10:46,575
BUT WHILE WE DIDN'T BANK AS MANY

2142
01:10:46,642 --> 01:10:49,111
SAMPLES, WE ACTUALLY ENDED UP

2143
01:10:49,178 --> 01:10:52,281
PROCESSING QUITE A FEW FOR

2144
01:10:52,348 --> 01:10:53,382
PROSPECTIVE STUDIES, AND THESE

2145
01:10:53,449 --> 01:10:55,584
WERE PRIMARILY COVID SAMPLES AND

2146
01:10:55,651 --> 01:10:56,952
WERE UTILIZED RIGHT AWAY FOR

2147
01:10:57,019 --> 01:10:58,287
STUDIES AND I THINK THOSE ARE

2148
01:10:58,354 --> 01:10:59,922
IMPORTANT NUMBERS TO KEEP TRACK

2149
01:10:59,989 --> 01:11:03,325
FOR OURSELVES.

2150
01:11:03,392 --> 01:11:06,695
SO IN 2021, WE ALSO STARTED A

2151
01:11:06,762 --> 01:11:09,431
MONTHLY REVIEW OF ALL OF OUR

2152
01:11:09,498 --> 01:11:11,266
SCREENING AND CONSENT NUMBERS,

2153
01:11:11,333 --> 01:11:12,835
KEEPING TRACK OF GLOBAL AND

2154
01:11:12,901 --> 01:11:14,870
INDIVIDUAL STUDY CONSENTS AS

2155
01:11:14,937 --> 01:11:16,572
WELL AS WHAT WAS BEING PROCESSED

2156
01:11:16,639 --> 01:11:17,106
AND BANKED.

2157
01:11:17,172 --> 01:11:18,641
THIS IS WHAT THOSE NUMBERS LOOK

2158
01:11:18,707 --> 01:11:19,074
LIKE.

2159
01:11:19,141 --> 01:11:21,477
AND YOU CAN REALLY GET PRETTY

2160
01:11:21,543 --> 01:11:23,779
GRANULAR WITH WHAT'S COMING IN,

2161
01:11:23,846 --> 01:11:25,114
WHAT'S COMING OUT, WHAT'S

2162
01:11:25,180 --> 01:11:25,547
SUCCESSFUL.

2163
01:11:25,614 --> 01:11:28,717
I LIKE TO LOOK AT IT IN A YEAR

2164
01:11:28,784 --> 01:11:30,119
BY YEAR FASHION AND REALLY WHAT

2165
01:11:30,185 --> 01:11:34,990
I FOCUSED ON IS TRYING TO GET AS

2166
01:11:35,057 --> 01:11:37,226
MANY STUDIES OVER ON TO THE

2167
01:11:37,292 --> 01:11:38,661
WIHSC GLOBAL CONSENT IN ORDER TO

2168
01:11:38,727 --> 01:11:39,962
DECREASE THE BURDEN FOR OUR

2169
01:11:40,029 --> 01:11:41,463
PATIENTS, AND YOU CAN SEE WE'VE

2170
01:11:41,530 --> 01:11:42,698
BEEN PRETTY SUCCESSFUL IN DOING

2171
01:11:42,765 --> 01:11:43,465
THAT.

2172
01:11:43,532 --> 01:11:45,300
AND I THINK THAT'S EVEN BETTER

2173
01:11:45,367 --> 01:11:47,036
SEEN HERE WHEN WE LOOK AT THE

2174
01:11:47,102 --> 01:11:48,470
STUDIES SUPPORTED.

2175
01:11:48,537 --> 01:11:50,773
SO WE'RE SUPPORTING RIGHT NOW

2176
01:11:50,839 --> 01:11:52,941
CURRENTLY 17 STUDIES, SIX OF

2177
01:11:53,008 --> 01:11:54,410
THEM ARE GOING IN UNDER ONE

2178
01:11:54,476 --> 01:11:55,611
CONSENT AND YOU CAN IMAGINE THAT

2179
01:11:55,678 --> 01:11:59,181
THAT'S MUCH EASIER TO GET A

2180
01:11:59,248 --> 01:12:01,150
GREATER NUMBER OF PATIENTS AND

2181
01:12:01,216 --> 01:12:05,120
SAMPLES COLLECTED.

2182
01:12:05,187 --> 01:12:06,755
WE LOOK AT RECRUITMENT ON A

2183
01:12:06,822 --> 01:12:07,189
MONTHLY BASIS.

2184
01:12:07,256 --> 01:12:08,190
THIS IS JUST AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT

2185
01:12:08,257 --> 01:12:09,591
THAT LOOKS LIKE, WHO'S BEING

2186
01:12:09,658 --> 01:12:10,893
SCREENED, WHO'S BEING

2187
01:12:10,959 --> 01:12:12,561
APPROACHED, WHO'S BEING

2188
01:12:12,628 --> 01:12:13,529
CONSENTED AND WHAT'S BEING

2189
01:12:13,595 --> 01:12:13,862
COLLECTED.

2190
01:12:13,929 --> 01:12:15,264
I THINK THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT

2191
01:12:15,330 --> 01:12:16,932
BECAUSE WHEN WE LOOK BACK AT

2192
01:12:16,999 --> 01:12:18,767
SOME POINT AT OUR NUMBERS, FOR

2193
01:12:18,834 --> 01:12:21,303
EXAMPLE, WE HAD ONLY 25% OF THE

2194
01:12:21,370 --> 01:12:22,971
SAMPLES COMING IN WERE FROM OUR

2195
01:12:23,038 --> 01:12:26,742
BLACK PATIENTS, BUT WE KNOW THAT

2196
01:12:26,809 --> 01:12:30,145
OUR LND POPULATION IS ABOUT 50%

2197
01:12:30,212 --> 01:12:31,647
BLACK SO WE WERE ABLE TO GO BACK

2198
01:12:31,714 --> 01:12:32,915
AND REALLY TRY TO FIGURE OUT

2199
01:12:32,981 --> 01:12:34,416
WHERE WE WERE LOSING SOME OF

2200
01:12:34,483 --> 01:12:35,617
THIS DIVERSITY.

2201
01:12:35,684 --> 01:12:36,919
WE WERE HAPPY TO FIND THAT WE

2202
01:12:36,985 --> 01:12:41,090
WERE NOT APPROACHING PATIENTS --

2203
01:12:41,156 --> 01:12:43,926
BUT WE DID HAVE QUITE A

2204
01:12:43,992 --> 01:12:44,693
STAGGERING DIFFERENCE IN THE

2205
01:12:44,760 --> 01:12:46,562
CONSENT THAT WAS BEING DIFFERENT

2206
01:12:46,628 --> 01:12:49,064
SO OUR BLACK PATIENTS ARE ONLY

2207
01:12:49,131 --> 01:12:50,165
ABOUT 30% OF THE TIME CONSENTING

2208
01:12:50,232 --> 01:12:54,737
TO TISSUE COLLECTION AND

2209
01:12:54,803 --> 01:12:56,238
BIOBANKING AS OPPOSED TO OUR

2210
01:12:56,305 --> 01:12:56,605
WHITE PATIENTS.

2211
01:12:56,672 --> 01:12:58,807
WHEN WE LOOKED EVEN CLOSER AT

2212
01:12:58,874 --> 01:12:59,908
THAT, IT WAS SPECIFICALLY

2213
01:12:59,975 --> 01:13:02,878
DECLINED -- THEY WERE DECLINING

2214
01:13:02,945 --> 01:13:04,379
SPECIFICALLY BASED ON SAMPLE

2215
01:13:04,446 --> 01:13:05,748
COLLECTION AND PLACENTA

2216
01:13:05,814 --> 01:13:07,216
COLLECTION SPECIFICALLY.

2217
01:13:07,282 --> 01:13:09,218
SO THAT'S SOMETHING WE'RE GOING

2218
01:13:09,284 --> 01:13:11,487
TO BE GOING BACK AND LOOKING

2219
01:13:11,553 --> 01:13:13,021
INTO EVEN MORE TO TRY TO FIGURE

2220
01:13:13,088 --> 01:13:14,757
OUT HOW WE CAN EVEN THAT PLAYING

2221
01:13:14,823 --> 01:13:16,291
FIELD A LITTLE BIT.

2222
01:13:16,358 --> 01:13:17,392
AND I'LL TALK ABOUT THAT A

2223
01:13:17,459 --> 01:13:19,695
LITTLE BIT MORE WITH MY

2224
01:13:19,762 --> 01:13:23,098
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT PIECE.

2225
01:13:23,165 --> 01:13:24,600
ANOTHER METRIC TO LOOK AT IS

2226
01:13:24,666 --> 01:13:24,933
REQUESTS.

2227
01:13:25,000 --> 01:13:27,569
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT OUR

2228
01:13:27,636 --> 01:13:28,537
RETROSPECTIVE SAMPLE

2229
01:13:28,604 --> 01:13:29,438
DISTRIBUTION LOOKS LIKE, BUT WE

2230
01:13:29,505 --> 01:13:31,440
HAVE THE SAME METRICS FOR

2231
01:13:31,507 --> 01:13:32,674
PROSPECTIVE SAMPLE COLLECTION,

2232
01:13:32,741 --> 01:13:35,344
AND SOME OF THOSE GET BANKED, SO

2233
01:13:35,410 --> 01:13:37,746
RETROSPECTIVELY, WE CONSISTENTLY

2234
01:13:37,813 --> 01:13:39,915
GET ABOUT FIVE TO 10 STUDIES A

2235
01:13:39,982 --> 01:13:42,785
YEAR REQUESTING SAMPLES, AND YOU

2236
01:13:42,851 --> 01:13:44,620
CAN SEE THOSE CAN BE INTERNAL

2237
01:13:44,686 --> 01:13:46,922
AND EXTERNAL, HISTORICALLY MOST

2238
01:13:46,989 --> 01:13:48,690
REQUESTED SAMPLE TYPES ARE

2239
01:13:48,757 --> 01:13:49,658
PLACENTA, CORD BLOOD AND

2240
01:13:49,725 --> 01:13:50,425
MATERNAL BLOOD AND THAT'S WHAT

2241
01:13:50,492 --> 01:13:51,994
WE CONTINUE TO TRY TO BANK THE

2242
01:13:52,060 --> 01:13:55,030
MOST AS WELL WHEN WE DO THINGS

2243
01:13:55,097 --> 01:13:56,231
PROSPECTIVELY.

2244
01:13:56,298 --> 01:13:58,534
THIS ALSO HELPS US DETERMINE

2245
01:13:58,600 --> 01:14:00,736
WHAT KIND OF SAMPLE PROCESSING

2246
01:14:00,803 --> 01:14:02,704
IS BEST, SO IF SAMPLES ARE BEING

2247
01:14:02,771 --> 01:14:04,239
REQUESTED BUT WE DON'T HAVE THE

2248
01:14:04,306 --> 01:14:07,176
ADEQUATE PROCESSING, WE CAN

2249
01:14:07,242 --> 01:14:10,679
REALLY ADJUST GOING FORWARD.

2250
01:14:10,746 --> 01:14:12,447
AND THIS BRINGS ME TO ANOTHER

2251
01:14:12,514 --> 01:14:13,649
METRIC WHICH IS QUALITY

2252
01:14:13,715 --> 01:14:13,916
ASSURANCE.

2253
01:14:13,982 --> 01:14:18,120
SO I THINK IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT

2254
01:14:18,187 --> 01:14:20,856
FOR ANY NEW PROSPECTIVE OR

2255
01:14:20,923 --> 01:14:21,723
RETROSPECTIVE REQUEST VIEWED BY

2256
01:14:21,790 --> 01:14:23,826
THE PI DOING THE REQUEST AS WELL

2257
01:14:23,892 --> 01:14:25,561
AS THE DIRECTOR AND FETAL

2258
01:14:25,627 --> 01:14:26,662
PROCESSING THE SAMPLES, I WANT

2259
01:14:26,728 --> 01:14:27,896
TO MAKE SURE THAT OUR SAMPLES

2260
01:14:27,963 --> 01:14:28,730
CAN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS THAT

2261
01:14:28,797 --> 01:14:30,032
ARE BEING ASKED BY THE

2262
01:14:30,098 --> 01:14:34,503
RESEARCHERS OUT THERE.

2263
01:14:34,570 --> 01:14:35,838
AND NOT HAND OUT SAMPLES THAT

2264
01:14:35,904 --> 01:14:37,039
AREN'T BEING UTILIZED OR

2265
01:14:37,105 --> 01:14:39,508
ANSWERING QUESTIONS CORRECTLY IN

2266
01:14:39,575 --> 01:14:40,642
THE END.

2267
01:14:40,709 --> 01:14:42,411
TO THIS, WE ALSO DO A LIT REVIEW

2268
01:14:42,477 --> 01:14:43,512
ONCE A YEAR TO MAKE SURE THAT

2269
01:14:43,579 --> 01:14:52,921
OUR SOPs ARE UP TO DATE.

2270
01:14:52,988 --> 01:14:54,556
IN TERMS OF COST, PERSONNEL IS

2271
01:14:54,623 --> 01:14:56,959
THE BIGGEST COST AS WE ALL KNOW,

2272
01:14:57,025 --> 01:14:58,227
BUT I THINK THE STORAGE QUESTION

2273
01:14:58,293 --> 01:15:01,129
IS A BIG ONE IN TERMS OF ON-SITE

2274
01:15:01,196 --> 01:15:01,597
VERSUS OFF SITE.

2275
01:15:01,663 --> 01:15:03,665
ALL OF OUR SAMPLES USED TO BE

2276
01:15:03,732 --> 01:15:07,035
STORED OFF SITE AND THAT BECAME

2277
01:15:07,102 --> 01:15:08,804
COST PROHIBITIVE AT SOME POINT

2278
01:15:08,871 --> 01:15:10,372
SO WE STARTED SHIFTING OVER TO

2279
01:15:10,439 --> 01:15:12,541
ON SITE AND THIS YEAR ALL OF THE

2280
01:15:12,608 --> 01:15:14,042
SAMPLES WILL BE TRANSFERRED BACK

2281
01:15:14,109 --> 01:15:15,811
TO BE ON SITE WHICH HAS ACTUALLY

2282
01:15:15,878 --> 01:15:17,446
NOW TURNED OUT TO BE MORE

2283
01:15:17,512 --> 01:15:19,214
FINANCIALLY FEASIBLE THAN

2284
01:15:19,281 --> 01:15:20,282
PREVIOUSLY, SO THIS IS JUST A

2285
01:15:20,349 --> 01:15:22,951
PIECE THAT NEEDS TO BE I THINK

2286
01:15:23,018 --> 01:15:24,453
READDRESSED ON A REGULAR BASIS

2287
01:15:24,519 --> 01:15:27,623
BECAUSE THE PROS AND CONS CHANGE

2288
01:15:27,689 --> 01:15:33,295
OVER TIME.

2289
01:15:33,362 --> 01:15:34,229
AND AGAIN, SOMEBODY MENTIONED

2290
01:15:34,296 --> 01:15:35,831
THIS AS WELL, THE GRANT FUNDING,

2291
01:15:35,898 --> 01:15:38,667
SO INITIALLY THE WIHSC WAS GRANT

2292
01:15:38,734 --> 01:15:40,302
AND DEPARTMENT FUNDED AND IN THE

2293
01:15:40,369 --> 01:15:42,704
LONG RUN, THAT REALLY WASN'T

2294
01:15:42,771 --> 01:15:43,705
SUSTAINABLE, SO WE'VE SWITCHED

2295
01:15:43,772 --> 01:15:45,340
OVER TO A RECHARGE CENTER

2296
01:15:45,407 --> 01:15:47,075
BUSINESS MODEL, SO THIS IS A

2297
01:15:47,142 --> 01:15:49,378
UNIVERSITY UNIT THAT PROVIDES

2298
01:15:49,444 --> 01:15:50,279
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR A FEE.

2299
01:15:50,345 --> 01:15:53,115
THE FEES HAVE TO BE VERY

2300
01:15:53,181 --> 01:15:54,216
STRICTLY CALCULATED BASED ON

2301
01:15:54,283 --> 01:15:55,517
PERSONNEL AND PROCESSING TIME

2302
01:15:55,584 --> 01:15:59,354
AND COST PER SAMPLE SO THIS IS

2303
01:15:59,421 --> 01:16:01,590
CONSTANTLY BEING RE-EVALUATED ON

2304
01:16:01,657 --> 01:16:04,393
AN ANNUAL BASIS BY OUR LAB

2305
01:16:04,459 --> 01:16:07,362
DIRECTOR AND OUR DIVISION OF

2306
01:16:07,429 --> 01:16:09,865
CLINICAL RESEARCH MANAGER.

2307
01:16:09,932 --> 01:16:11,600
WE HAVE TO COMPLY WITH SEVERAL

2308
01:16:11,667 --> 01:16:13,368
FEDERAL REGULATIONS AND INTERNAL

2309
01:16:13,435 --> 01:16:15,470
AND EXTERNAL AUDITS TO MAKE THIS

2310
01:16:15,537 --> 01:16:19,541
FEASIBLE, BUT IT'S BEEN A

2311
01:16:19,608 --> 01:16:23,211
MUCH -- MORE SUSTAINABLE

2312
01:16:23,278 --> 01:16:25,080
RESOURCE AS A RESULT, ALTHOUGH

2313
01:16:25,147 --> 01:16:28,050
STILL BEING SOMEWHAT

2314
01:16:28,116 --> 01:16:31,753
DEPARTMENT-FUNDED.

2315
01:16:31,820 --> 01:16:32,988
THEN ACADEMIC OUTPUT, I THINK

2316
01:16:33,055 --> 01:16:34,089
IT'S IMPORTANT TO REALLY KEEP

2317
01:16:34,156 --> 01:16:38,193
TRACK OF THE STUDIES THAT WE'RE

2318
01:16:38,260 --> 01:16:42,364
SUPPORTING BOTH PROSPECTIVE AND

2319
01:16:42,431 --> 01:16:43,131
RETROSPECTIVE IN THE

2320
01:16:43,198 --> 01:16:43,665
PUBLICATIONS COMING OUT.

2321
01:16:43,732 --> 01:16:45,434
IN THE LAST FOUR YEARS WE

2322
01:16:45,500 --> 01:16:47,169
STARTED KEEPING BETTER TRACK, UP

2323
01:16:47,235 --> 01:16:49,805
TO 25 STUDIES  A YEAR ARE BEING

2324
01:16:49,871 --> 01:16:50,906
SUPPORTED BY THE BIOBANK AND

2325
01:16:50,973 --> 01:16:53,308
THESE ARE JUST THE PR PROSPECTI,

2326
01:16:53,375 --> 01:16:56,078
AND AN ADDITIONAL FIVE TO 10

2327
01:16:56,144 --> 01:16:56,912
RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES ARE

2328
01:16:56,979 --> 01:16:57,779
USUALLY BEING SUPPORTED.

2329
01:16:57,846 --> 01:16:59,214
THEN FINALLY AS I MENTIONED, I

2330
01:16:59,281 --> 01:17:00,649
THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO REALLY

2331
01:17:00,716 --> 01:17:03,251
HAVE SOME COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

2332
01:17:03,318 --> 01:17:05,220
AND DISSEMINATE THE RESEARCH

2333
01:17:05,287 --> 01:17:06,355
FINDINGS TO OUR PARTICIPANTS AND

2334
01:17:06,421 --> 01:17:06,621
COMMUNITY.

2335
01:17:06,688 --> 01:17:09,291
THIS IS REALLY GOING TO MAKE OUR

2336
01:17:09,358 --> 01:17:12,361
PARTICIPANT RESEARCH MORE

2337
01:17:12,427 --> 01:17:13,996
INFORMED AND SAFE, AND IT'S

2338
01:17:14,062 --> 01:17:15,831
GOING TO GAIN TRUST AND

2339
01:17:15,897 --> 01:17:17,199
ENGAGEMENT FROM PATIENTS AND SO

2340
01:17:17,265 --> 01:17:20,435
THE WAY WE'RE DOING THAT IS

2341
01:17:20,502 --> 01:17:23,171
WE'RE ADDING A PORTION OF OUR

2342
01:17:23,238 --> 01:17:24,272
WEBSITE IN ORDER TO HAVE A LIST

2343
01:17:24,339 --> 01:17:26,575
OF ACTIVE STUDIES, PAST STUDIES,

2344
01:17:26,641 --> 01:17:28,210
AND MAKE THESE A LITTLE MORE

2345
01:17:28,276 --> 01:17:31,580
ACCESSIBLE TO THE LAY PUBLIC

2346
01:17:31,646 --> 01:17:32,914
AND, THEREFORE, OUR RESEARCH

2347
01:17:32,981 --> 01:17:34,750
ASSISTANTS WHEN APPROACHING

2348
01:17:34,816 --> 01:17:38,720
PATIENTS FOR ENROLLMENT CAN HAND

2349
01:17:38,787 --> 01:17:40,522
OUT THE WEBSITE AND HAVE THEM

2350
01:17:40,589 --> 01:17:41,757
READ ABOUT WHAT KIND OF RESEARCH

2351
01:17:41,823 --> 01:17:45,927
THEIR SAMPLES WILL BE USED FOR.

2352
01:17:45,994 --> 01:17:49,765
THESE ARE ALL OF OUR BIG PLAYERS

2353
01:17:49,831 --> 01:17:51,533
IN THE RESEARCH BANK RIGHT NOW,

2354
01:17:51,600 --> 01:17:58,206
AND I'LL TAKE ANY QUESTIONS.

2355
01:17:58,273 --> 01:17:59,408
I GUESS LATER, WE'LL DO

2356
01:17:59,474 --> 01:18:06,081
QUESTIONS.

2357
01:18:06,148 --> 01:18:14,990
>> THANK YOU, NEXT IS

2358
01:18:15,057 --> 01:18:18,360
CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING A

2359
01:18:18,427 --> 01:18:23,331
BIOREPOSITORY, VICTORIA BLANC,

2360
01:18:23,398 --> 01:18:24,366
FROM UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN.

2361
01:18:24,433 --> 01:18:26,268
>> THANKS FOR PROVIDING ME TO

2362
01:18:26,334 --> 01:18:27,602
TELL BUT SOME CONSIDERATIONS AS

2363
01:18:27,669 --> 01:18:35,343
YOU PLAN YOUR BIOREPOSITORY.

2364
01:18:35,410 --> 01:18:35,877
I'M AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

2365
01:18:35,944 --> 01:18:36,645
MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL, WHERE

2366
01:18:36,711 --> 01:18:38,213
WE HAVE A CENTRAL BIOREPOSITORY

2367
01:18:38,280 --> 01:18:44,786
WHICH WAS STARTED IN 2013 WITH

2368
01:18:44,853 --> 01:18:47,289
MY HIRE, WE HAVE A MISSION TO

2369
01:18:47,355 --> 01:18:48,857
FACILITATE HEALTHCARE, BETTER

2370
01:18:48,924 --> 01:18:50,792
HEALTHCARE OUTCOMES BY PROVIDING

2371
01:18:50,859 --> 01:18:53,328
HIGH QUALITY, HIGHLY ANNOTATED

2372
01:18:53,395 --> 01:18:54,196
BIOSPECIMENS DONATED FOR

2373
01:18:54,262 --> 01:18:55,297
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL

2374
01:18:55,363 --> 01:18:55,964
RESEARCH.

2375
01:18:56,031 --> 01:18:57,833
IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE

2376
01:18:57,899 --> 01:18:59,601
SPECIMENS ARE DONATED.

2377
01:18:59,668 --> 01:19:02,104
WE TAKE OUR PARTICIPANTS'

2378
01:19:02,170 --> 01:19:03,171
CONTRIBUTIONS VERY SERIOUSLY,

2379
01:19:03,238 --> 01:19:04,606
AND SO WE MAKE SURE THAT WE ARE

2380
01:19:04,673 --> 01:19:07,676
GOOD STEWARDS OF THAT VERY

2381
01:19:07,742 --> 01:19:09,444
PRECIOUS RESOURCE.

2382
01:19:09,511 --> 01:19:12,180
WHAT WE DO AT THE CENTRAL

2383
01:19:12,247 --> 01:19:13,715
BIOREPOSITORY AS A BIOREPOSITORY

2384
01:19:13,782 --> 01:19:15,984
OF COURSE WE PROVIDE BIOSTORAGE,

2385
01:19:16,051 --> 01:19:16,918
WE PROVIDE A SAFE ENVIRONMENT,

2386
01:19:16,985 --> 01:19:18,587
WE MAKE SURE THAT OUR FREEZERS

2387
01:19:18,653 --> 01:19:21,156
ARE WELL MAINTAINED AND

2388
01:19:21,223 --> 01:19:22,724
CONNECTED TO BACKUP POWERS,

2389
01:19:22,791 --> 01:19:24,025
CONNECTION TO OUR ELECTRONIC

2390
01:19:24,092 --> 01:19:27,629
HEALTH RECORDS, A RESEARCH DATA

2391
01:19:27,696 --> 01:19:29,164
WAREHOUSE AND OTHER DATABASES

2392
01:19:29,231 --> 01:19:30,265
LIKE REDCAP.

2393
01:19:30,332 --> 01:19:32,567
OUR SPECIMENS ARE TRACKED IN OUR

2394
01:19:32,634 --> 01:19:33,568
OWN DATABASE ALONG WITH THOSE

2395
01:19:33,635 --> 01:19:34,102
OTHERS.

2396
01:19:34,169 --> 01:19:36,071
WE PROVIDE A STANDARDIZED BROAD

2397
01:19:36,138 --> 01:19:38,473
CONSENT WHICH IS IMPORTANT FOR

2398
01:19:38,540 --> 01:19:39,708
FUTURE UNSPECIFIED RESEARCH.

2399
01:19:39,774 --> 01:19:42,844
THIS IS NOT THE BIG B BROAD

2400
01:19:42,911 --> 01:19:45,614
CONSENT FROM THE REGULATORY

2401
01:19:45,680 --> 01:19:46,915
AGENCY, THIS IS A BROAD CONSENT

2402
01:19:46,982 --> 01:19:47,582
FOR BIOBANKING.

2403
01:19:47,649 --> 01:19:50,752
IT DOES ALLOW ALL SORTS OF USES,

2404
01:19:50,819 --> 01:19:53,622
WE KIND OF MAKE IT AS UP FRONT

2405
01:19:53,688 --> 01:19:55,657
AS POSSIBLE THAT SAMPLES WILL BE

2406
01:19:55,724 --> 01:20:01,696
USED FOR ANYTHING.

2407
01:20:01,763 --> 01:20:03,865
WE PROVIDE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR

2408
01:20:03,932 --> 01:20:06,434
GOVERNANCE AND COMPLIANCE WITH

2409
01:20:06,501 --> 01:20:07,936
THE REGULATIONS AND IMPORTANTLY

2410
01:20:08,003 --> 01:20:09,471
WE PROVIDE PROCESSES FOR SAMPLE

2411
01:20:09,538 --> 01:20:11,439
SHARING.

2412
01:20:11,506 --> 01:20:13,742
IN TERMS OF SPECIMEN ACCESS, WE

2413
01:20:13,808 --> 01:20:16,077
PROVIDE LARGE NUMBERS OF SAMPLES

2414
01:20:16,144 --> 01:20:17,679
READILY AVAILABLE TO OUR

2415
01:20:17,746 --> 01:20:18,914
RESEARCHERS, ALONG WITH DEEP

2416
01:20:18,980 --> 01:20:20,549
CLINICAL AND PHENOTYPE DATA AND

2417
01:20:20,615 --> 01:20:21,716
THAT'S BECAUSE OF THE CONNECTION

2418
01:20:21,783 --> 01:20:22,951
TO THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS

2419
01:20:23,018 --> 01:20:25,053
BUT ALSO THROUGH THINGS LIKE

2420
01:20:25,120 --> 01:20:26,021
REDCAP.

2421
01:20:26,087 --> 01:20:28,223
THE EHR ALLOWS US TO HAVE

2422
01:20:28,290 --> 01:20:29,791
LONGITUDAL AND OUTCOMES DATA

2423
01:20:29,858 --> 01:20:31,226
CONNECTED TO THE BIOSPECIMENS

2424
01:20:31,293 --> 01:20:33,295
WHICH IN TURN TOGETHER SHOULD

2425
01:20:33,361 --> 01:20:35,997
PRODUCE FASTER PUBLICATIONS FOR

2426
01:20:36,064 --> 01:20:37,365
OUR INVESTIGATORS.

2427
01:20:37,432 --> 01:20:38,767
IN TERMS OF THE RESEARCH

2428
01:20:38,833 --> 01:20:39,868
ENTERPRISE, WE PROVIDE AN

2429
01:20:39,935 --> 01:20:41,403
ECONOMY OF SCALE BECAUSE WE ARE

2430
01:20:41,469 --> 01:20:42,971
A CENTRALIZED BIOREPOSITORY.

2431
01:20:43,038 --> 01:20:44,940
WE'RE NOT MAKING INDIVIDUAL

2432
01:20:45,006 --> 01:20:46,708
INVESTIGATORS HAVE THEIR OWN

2433
01:20:46,775 --> 01:20:48,009
FREEZERS AND RECAPITULATING

2434
01:20:48,076 --> 01:20:51,713
EFFORTS OVER AND OVER AGAIN.

2435
01:20:51,780 --> 01:20:53,481
ENHANCED COMPLIANCE IS CRITICAL,

2436
01:20:53,548 --> 01:20:55,116
EVERYTHING GOES THROUGH ONE DOOR

2437
01:20:55,183 --> 01:20:56,618
WHILE WE MAKE SURE THAT OUR

2438
01:20:56,685 --> 01:20:57,452
INVESTIGATORS ARE KEEPING TRACK

2439
01:20:57,519 --> 01:20:58,453
OF THINGS THE WAY THEY'RE

2440
01:20:58,520 --> 01:21:01,823
SUPPOSED TO.

2441
01:21:01,890 --> 01:21:04,025
HAVING A CENTRAL BIOREPOSITORY

2442
01:21:04,092 --> 01:21:06,194
MAKES US A LITTLE MORE

2443
01:21:06,261 --> 01:21:07,862
COMPETITIVE FOR GRANTS WE

2444
01:21:07,929 --> 01:21:10,131
BELIEVE SO WE'RE ABLE TO PROVIDE

2445
01:21:10,198 --> 01:21:10,932
THAT ECONOMY TO THE SCHOOL AND

2446
01:21:10,999 --> 01:21:11,600
THE UNIVERSITY.

2447
01:21:11,666 --> 01:21:13,101
AND BECAUSE WE ARE A CENTRAL

2448
01:21:13,168 --> 01:21:15,070
CORE FACILITY WE ALSO INTERACT

2449
01:21:15,136 --> 01:21:16,738
WITH OUR OTHER CORES VERY

2450
01:21:16,805 --> 01:21:17,072
EASILY.

2451
01:21:17,138 --> 01:21:18,707
SO WE PROVIDE SECURITY, QUALITY

2452
01:21:18,773 --> 01:21:21,543
ACCESS, EXPERIMENTAL POWER, RICH

2453
01:21:21,610 --> 01:21:28,216
DATASETS, AND ECONOMY.

2454
01:21:28,283 --> 01:21:29,784
SO ALL OF THAT IS COVERED BY A

2455
01:21:29,851 --> 01:21:30,252
GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE.

2456
01:21:30,318 --> 01:21:31,953
AS YOU CAN SEE HERE, THIS IS A

2457
01:21:32,020 --> 01:21:32,921
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK, THIS IS

2458
01:21:32,988 --> 01:21:34,589
NOT OUR EXACT FRAMEWORK, THIS IS

2459
01:21:34,656 --> 01:21:36,791
FOR ALL OF YOU AT NICHD WHO ARE

2460
01:21:36,858 --> 01:21:39,194
THINKING ABOUT CREATING A

2461
01:21:39,261 --> 01:21:41,396
BIOREPOSITORY, HAVING A STEERING

2462
01:21:41,463 --> 01:21:43,932
COMMITTEE WHO DECIDES POLICY AND

2463
01:21:43,999 --> 01:21:46,868
GUIDANCE THAT ARE USED FOR THE

2464
01:21:46,935 --> 01:21:49,070
RUNNING OF THE BIOREPOSITORY,

2465
01:21:49,137 --> 01:21:50,038
PROVIDING SCIENTIFIC REVIEW AND

2466
01:21:50,105 --> 01:21:52,907
DETERMINATIONS ON ACCESS

2467
01:21:52,974 --> 01:21:53,975
REQUESTS, ARE THESE REQUESTS

2468
01:21:54,042 --> 01:21:55,744
REASONABLE, ARE THEY

2469
01:21:55,810 --> 01:21:57,379
SCIENTIFICALLY VALID, ARE THEY A

2470
01:21:57,445 --> 01:22:00,248
GOOD USE OF THE SPECIMENS.

2471
01:22:00,315 --> 01:22:02,417
STEERING COMMITTEE ALSO PROVIDES

2472
01:22:02,484 --> 01:22:03,118
BIOREPOSITORY PROGRAM ASSESSMENT

2473
01:22:03,184 --> 01:22:04,519
AND ADVISING, SO ALL OF THOSE

2474
01:22:04,586 --> 01:22:07,689
METRICS THAT YOU HEARD FROM THE

2475
01:22:07,756 --> 01:22:09,958
PREVIOUS TALK WOULD BE ASSESSED

2476
01:22:10,025 --> 01:22:11,359
DURING A STEERING COMMITTEE

2477
01:22:11,426 --> 01:22:14,162
MEETING AND TWEAKS COULD BE MADE

2478
01:22:14,229 --> 01:22:17,265
BASED ON RIMTIONS  RECOMMENDATIM

2479
01:22:17,332 --> 01:22:18,500
THE EXPERTS IN THE OVERSIGHT

2480
01:22:18,566 --> 01:22:19,100
COMMITTEE.

2481
01:22:19,167 --> 01:22:20,669
SO THE STEERING COMMITTEE

2482
01:22:20,735 --> 01:22:21,670
REPRESENTS STAKEHOLDERS AT LARGE

2483
01:22:21,736 --> 01:22:23,538
SO THE UNIVERSITY OR THE NIH OR

2484
01:22:23,605 --> 01:22:28,310
WHOEVER ELSE IS A FUNDING AGENCY

2485
01:22:28,376 --> 01:22:29,744
PERHAPS BUT IT COULD ALSO

2486
01:22:29,811 --> 01:22:30,412
INCLUDE COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND

2487
01:22:30,478 --> 01:22:31,846
PATIENTS AND THIS WAY YOU GET

2488
01:22:31,913 --> 01:22:32,814
THE ENGAGEMENT YOU'RE SEEKING

2489
01:22:32,881 --> 01:22:36,551
FROM YOUR PARTICIPANTS.

2490
01:22:36,618 --> 01:22:37,686
DOWN BELOW I TALK ABOUT SOME OF

2491
01:22:37,752 --> 01:22:38,753
THE THINGS THAT THE PROGRAM

2492
01:22:38,820 --> 01:22:40,188
STEWARDSHIP AND OVER SIGHT CAN

2493
01:22:40,255 --> 01:22:40,722
LOOK AT.

2494
01:22:40,789 --> 01:22:42,590
AS I MENTIONED THE ACCESS

2495
01:22:42,657 --> 01:22:45,126
UTILIZATION REQUESTS, ARE THEY

2496
01:22:45,193 --> 01:22:46,428
SCIENTIFICALLY VALID, DO THEY --

2497
01:22:46,494 --> 01:22:47,629
ARE THEY FEASIBLE, CAN YOU

2498
01:22:47,696 --> 01:22:48,863
ACTUALLY DO THE EXPERIMENT

2499
01:22:48,930 --> 01:22:50,065
THAT'S PROPOSED.

2500
01:22:50,131 --> 01:22:53,234
AND THEN ALSO THE KPIs AND

2501
01:22:53,301 --> 01:22:54,536
METRICS.

2502
01:22:54,602 --> 01:22:56,071
I PUT DOWN USAGE AND APPROPRIATE

2503
01:22:56,137 --> 01:22:57,405
USE TO MAKE SURE THE SAMPLES ARE

2504
01:22:57,472 --> 01:22:59,407
BEING USED FOR A GOOD REASON OR

2505
01:22:59,474 --> 01:23:00,175
SCIENTIFICALLY VALID REASON BUT

2506
01:23:00,241 --> 01:23:01,476
ALSO THAT THEY ARE BEING USED.

2507
01:23:01,543 --> 01:23:04,012
ONE OF THE BIGGEST HURDLES TO A

2508
01:23:04,079 --> 01:23:05,113
SUCCESSFUL BIOBANK IS THE LACK

2509
01:23:05,180 --> 01:23:07,282
OF USE OF THE SPECIMENS.

2510
01:23:07,349 --> 01:23:08,917
THERE'S SO MANY SPECIMENS

2511
01:23:08,983 --> 01:23:10,385
SITTING IN FREEZERS, AS WE'VE

2512
01:23:10,452 --> 01:23:12,220
HEARD FROM PREVIOUS TALKS THIS

2513
01:23:12,287 --> 01:23:13,321
MORNING, AND WE WANT TO MAKE

2514
01:23:13,388 --> 01:23:15,523
SURE THAT THOSE SAMPLES GET

2515
01:23:15,590 --> 01:23:19,894
OUTDOOROUTTHE DOOR SO THEY CAN O

2516
01:23:19,961 --> 01:23:22,030
WHAT THEY'RE SUPPOSED TO DO.

2517
01:23:22,097 --> 01:23:23,198
POLICIES DELIVERED AS PART OF

2518
01:23:23,264 --> 01:23:24,733
THE STEERING COMMITTEE AND

2519
01:23:24,799 --> 01:23:25,533
OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE, IF YOU'RE

2520
01:23:25,600 --> 01:23:26,634
LOOKING TO RETURN RESULTS,

2521
01:23:26,701 --> 01:23:27,702
YOU'LL WANT TO HAVE A POLICY

2522
01:23:27,769 --> 01:23:28,236
ABOUT THAT.

2523
01:23:28,303 --> 01:23:30,305
IF YOU'RE LOOKING TO SHARE DATA,

2524
01:23:30,372 --> 01:23:31,973
YOU'LL WANT TO HAVE A POLICY

2525
01:23:32,040 --> 01:23:34,809
ABOUT DATA USE AGREEMENTS.

2526
01:23:34,876 --> 01:23:35,810
PUBLICATIONS, AUTHORSHIP, ALL OF

2527
01:23:35,877 --> 01:23:37,579
THESE THINGS ARE IMPORTANT TO

2528
01:23:37,645 --> 01:23:40,081
HAVE WRITTEN DOWN A PRIORI.

2529
01:23:40,148 --> 01:23:41,516
IT DOESN'T MEAN THEY CAN'T

2530
01:23:41,583 --> 01:23:43,985
CHANGE, BUT YOU S SHOULD HAVE SE

2531
01:23:44,052 --> 01:23:45,253
IDEA OF WHAT YOU WANT TO DO.

2532
01:23:45,320 --> 01:23:48,123
SO IN TERMS OF WHAT THE CBR DOES

2533
01:23:48,189 --> 01:23:49,090
AND HOLDS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

2534
01:23:49,157 --> 01:23:52,594
MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL, WE ARE

2535
01:23:52,660 --> 01:23:55,663
A -- I GUESS A DISEASE OR

2536
01:23:55,730 --> 01:23:57,365
THERAPEUTIC AREA AGNOSTIC

2537
01:23:57,432 --> 01:23:57,866
BIOREPOSITORY.

2538
01:23:57,932 --> 01:23:58,833
WE SUPPORT ALL OF OUR

2539
01:23:58,900 --> 01:23:59,501
INVESTIGATORS.

2540
01:23:59,567 --> 01:24:01,269
WE ALSO SUPPORT INVESTIGATOR

2541
01:24:01,336 --> 01:24:03,238
COLLABORATIONS, SO WE HAVE FOUR

2542
01:24:03,304 --> 01:24:05,306
STUDIES THAT ARE MULTISITE, ONE

2543
01:24:05,373 --> 01:24:08,176
OF WHICH IS WITH THE NIDDK

2544
01:24:08,243 --> 01:24:10,512
CALLED THE KIDNEY PRECISION

2545
01:24:10,578 --> 01:24:12,447
MEDICINE PROJECT, WHICH IS A

2546
01:24:12,514 --> 01:24:13,548
GIGANTIC STUDY SO IF YOU'RE

2547
01:24:13,615 --> 01:24:15,316
INTERESTED IN ALL SORTS OF

2548
01:24:15,383 --> 01:24:16,718
PROCEDURES AND POLICY, I DO

2549
01:24:16,785 --> 01:24:17,519
RECOMMEND CHECKING OUT WHAT

2550
01:24:17,585 --> 01:24:18,253
THEY'RE DOING.

2551
01:24:18,319 --> 01:24:20,922
YOU CAN SEE THAT WE HAVE OVER

2552
01:24:20,989 --> 01:24:23,024
786,000 SAMPLES, AND THIS IS

2553
01:24:23,091 --> 01:24:26,294
FROM ABOUT 140,000 PARTICIPANTS.

2554
01:24:26,361 --> 01:24:30,231
THAT NIDDK STUDIES, WE HAVE A

2555
01:24:30,298 --> 01:24:31,566
LOT OF URINE, AS YOU CAN SEE IN

2556
01:24:31,633 --> 01:24:32,901
THE ORANGE PIE PIECE TO THE

2557
01:24:32,967 --> 01:24:33,134
RIGHT.

2558
01:24:33,201 --> 01:24:34,669
SO THAT DOES CONTRIBUTE TO THE

2559
01:24:34,736 --> 01:24:36,304
LARGE NUMBER OF BIOSPECIMENS.

2560
01:24:36,371 --> 01:24:38,473
IT'S A PRETTY EASY SAMPLE TO

2561
01:24:38,540 --> 01:24:38,940
GET.

2562
01:24:39,007 --> 01:24:40,008
YOU'LL ALSO SEE THAT WE HAVE A

2563
01:24:40,074 --> 01:24:41,976
FAIR AMOUNT OF PLASMA AND SERUM

2564
01:24:42,043 --> 01:24:45,079
AND A VARIETY OF OTHER SAMPLE

2565
01:24:45,146 --> 01:24:46,281
TYPES LISTED BELOW AND IN

2566
01:24:46,347 --> 01:24:48,349
SMALLER SLIVERS ON THE PIE

2567
01:24:48,416 --> 01:24:48,683
CHART.

2568
01:24:48,750 --> 01:24:50,885
WE ALSO KEEP A LARGE COLLECTION

2569
01:24:50,952 --> 01:24:52,187
OF DNA SAMPLES.

2570
01:24:52,253 --> 01:24:56,891
THIS IS A DNA SET FROM OUR

2571
01:24:56,958 --> 01:24:58,293
PATIENTS WHO HAVE HAD GENOTYPING

2572
01:24:58,359 --> 01:25:00,295
SO WE HAVE ABOUT 100,000

2573
01:25:00,361 --> 01:25:01,663
PATIENTS WITH BROAD GENOTYPE

2574
01:25:01,729 --> 01:25:09,671
DATA AVAILABLE.

2575
01:25:09,737 --> 01:25:11,873
IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL

2576
01:25:11,940 --> 01:25:15,176
INFRASTRUCTURE YOU NEED, WH WHAS

2577
01:25:15,243 --> 01:25:16,377
YOUR FOOTPRINT GOING TO LOOK

2578
01:25:16,444 --> 01:25:18,680
LIKE, WHAT KIND OF FREEZERS DO

2579
01:25:18,746 --> 01:25:23,852
YOU NEED, DO YOU NEED LN2 VAPOR,

2580
01:25:23,918 --> 01:25:25,153
LN2 LIQUID, THOSE KINDS OF

2581
01:25:25,220 --> 01:25:25,487
THINGS.

2582
01:25:25,553 --> 01:25:26,588
WHAT OTHER ENVIRONMENTS ARE YOU

2583
01:25:26,654 --> 01:25:31,192
LOOKING TO STORE SAMPLES IN,

2584
01:25:31,259 --> 01:25:33,928
ROOM TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY

2585
01:25:33,995 --> 01:25:37,332
CONTROL, MAKE SURE THAT THEY DO

2586
01:25:37,398 --> 01:25:39,868
NOT GET MOLDY BASICALLY.

2587
01:25:39,934 --> 01:25:41,302
ALL THOSE MINUS 80s THAT YOU

2588
01:25:41,369 --> 01:25:43,137
SEE LINED UP, THEY GET HOT, SO

2589
01:25:43,204 --> 01:25:45,006
YOU NEED TO HAVE A VERY GOOD

2590
01:25:45,073 --> 01:25:47,408
HVAC SYSTEM IN YOUR

2591
01:25:47,475 --> 01:25:49,043
INFRASTRUCTURE, KEEP IT COOL.

2592
01:25:49,110 --> 01:25:50,678
AND YOU'LL ALSO NEED BACKUP

2593
01:25:50,745 --> 01:25:52,347
POWER FOR THOSE FREEZERS, OR

2594
01:25:52,413 --> 01:25:54,115
BACKUP COOLING, OR BOTH.

2595
01:25:54,182 --> 01:25:55,517
SO ON THE LOWER RIGHT PANEL, YOU

2596
01:25:55,583 --> 01:25:59,587
CAN SEE THOSE ARE CARBON DIOXIDE

2597
01:25:59,654 --> 01:25:59,854
CYLINDERS.

2598
01:25:59,921 --> 01:26:01,689
THOSE ARE CONNECTED TO ALL OF

2599
01:26:01,756 --> 01:26:03,558
OUR MINUS 80 FREEZERS, SO IN THE

2600
01:26:03,625 --> 01:26:05,293
EVENT OF A PROLONGED POWER

2601
01:26:05,360 --> 01:26:07,061
OUTAGE OR A COMPRESSOR FAILURE,

2602
01:26:07,128 --> 01:26:08,496
THE CO2 WILL KICK IN AND KEEP

2603
01:26:08,563 --> 01:26:10,031
THE SAMPLES COLD.

2604
01:26:10,098 --> 01:26:13,301
WE ALSO HAVE TWO GENERATOR

2605
01:26:13,368 --> 01:26:15,003
SYSTEMS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

2606
01:26:15,069 --> 01:26:16,871
MICHIGAN TO KEEP OUR POWER

2607
01:26:16,938 --> 01:26:21,142
SUPPLY ON.

2608
01:26:21,209 --> 01:26:23,311
THEN IF YOU HAVE LN2 OR IF YOU

2609
01:26:23,378 --> 01:26:24,546
HAVE CARBON DIOXIDE, YOU'RE

2610
01:26:24,612 --> 01:26:25,847
GOING TO WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT

2611
01:26:25,914 --> 01:26:27,248
YOU'RE MEASURING THE OXYGEN SO

2612
01:26:27,315 --> 01:26:28,917
THAT PEOPLE DON'T ASPHYXIATE

2613
01:26:28,983 --> 01:26:29,684
WHILE THEY'RE WORKING.

2614
01:26:29,751 --> 01:26:36,157
WE'VE ACTUALLY HAD TO CREATE

2615
01:26:36,224 --> 01:26:37,258
SCAVENGER EVENTS TO MAKE SURE

2616
01:26:37,325 --> 01:26:40,328
THE LN2 AS IT'S FILLING OUR

2617
01:26:40,395 --> 01:26:41,629
LN2 TANKS DON'T PRODUCE SO MUCH

2618
01:26:41,696 --> 01:26:43,631
VAPOR THAT YOU CAN'T HAVE A SAFE

2619
01:26:43,698 --> 01:26:48,469
WORKING ENVIRONMENT.

2620
01:26:48,536 --> 01:26:51,072
SO OUR INFRASTRUCTURE IS 2800

2621
01:26:51,139 --> 01:26:52,140
SQUARE FOOT OF STORAGE.

2622
01:26:52,206 --> 01:26:54,242
WE HAVE CURRENTLY 14 LARGE

2623
01:26:54,309 --> 01:26:55,677
CRYOGENIC FREEZERS WITH SPACE

2624
01:26:55,743 --> 01:26:56,678
FOR 25.

2625
01:26:56,744 --> 01:26:58,780
WE HAVE 18 MINUS 80 FREEZERS

2626
01:26:58,846 --> 01:27:00,381
WITH SPACE FOR 27.

2627
01:27:00,448 --> 01:27:04,586
WE ALSO STORE SAMPLES AT MINUS

2628
01:27:04,652 --> 01:27:05,353
24 DEGREES AND AMBIENT.

2629
01:27:05,420 --> 01:27:09,390
WE DO HAVE A BULK TANK -- SO OUR

2630
01:27:09,457 --> 01:27:10,491
NITROGEN CRYOGENIC TANKS ARE

2631
01:27:10,558 --> 01:27:12,126
CONNECTED TO A BULK TANK OUTSIDE

2632
01:27:12,193 --> 01:27:14,429
THE BUILDING, AND THE TANKS

2633
01:27:14,495 --> 01:27:16,230
AUTOMATICALLY CALL FOR LN2 AS

2634
01:27:16,297 --> 01:27:17,198
NEEDED.

2635
01:27:17,265 --> 01:27:19,834
AS I MENTIONED WE HAVE MULTIPLE

2636
01:27:19,901 --> 01:27:20,468
REDUNDANT BACKUP POWER SOURCES.

2637
01:27:20,535 --> 01:27:23,671
WE HAVE A CO2 BACKUP ON OUR

2638
01:27:23,738 --> 01:27:25,139
MECHANICALS, WE ALSO HAVE

2639
01:27:25,206 --> 01:27:26,240
24/7 TEMPERATURE MONITORING AND

2640
01:27:26,307 --> 01:27:26,941
ALARMS.

2641
01:27:27,008 --> 01:27:28,443
JUST TO HIGHLIGHT, WE ALSO HAVE

2642
01:27:28,509 --> 01:27:31,646
A LABORATORY WITH 2200 SQUARE

2643
01:27:31,713 --> 01:27:34,349
FOOT OF AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGIES

2644
01:27:34,415 --> 01:27:35,116
AND LAB BENCHES.

2645
01:27:35,183 --> 01:27:36,317
THIS IS BECAUSE WE DO A FAIR

2646
01:27:36,384 --> 01:27:37,986
AMOUNT OF PROCESSING OF

2647
01:27:38,052 --> 01:27:39,621
BIOSPECIMENS ON SITE, SO WE DO

2648
01:27:39,687 --> 01:27:43,057
DNA ISOLATION, PBMC ISOLATIONS

2649
01:27:43,124 --> 01:27:44,826
AND NOW WE'RE STARTING TO DO

2650
01:27:44,892 --> 01:27:47,862
SOME DNA FROM PLASMA.

2651
01:27:47,929 --> 01:27:53,668
SO CIRCULATING DNA.

2652
01:27:53,735 --> 01:27:55,470
SO WHEN IS YOUR FREEZER GOING TO

2653
01:27:55,536 --> 01:27:55,937
FAIL?

2654
01:27:56,004 --> 01:27:57,105
IT'S GOING TO FAIL IN THE MIDDLE

2655
01:27:57,171 --> 01:27:57,872
OF THE NIGHT.

2656
01:27:57,939 --> 01:28:01,943
THERE'S ABOUT 8600, 8700 HOURS

2657
01:28:02,010 --> 01:28:05,647
THAT YOU'RE THERE -- OR IN A

2658
01:28:05,713 --> 01:28:09,283
YEAR, AND 2,080, ABOUT, WHERE

2659
01:28:09,350 --> 01:28:11,486
PEOPLE ARE PRESENT IN A NORMAL

2660
01:28:11,552 --> 01:28:12,253
40-HOUR WORK WEEK.

2661
01:28:12,320 --> 01:28:17,058
SO THAT MEANS THAT 75% OF THE

2662
01:28:17,125 --> 01:28:19,060
TIME, YOUR FREEZERS ARE BEING

2663
01:28:19,127 --> 01:28:20,695
ACTIVE OUT OF HOURS.

2664
01:28:20,762 --> 01:28:21,896
SO WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?

2665
01:28:21,963 --> 01:28:23,898
HOW WILL YOU KNOW THAT YOUR

2666
01:28:23,965 --> 01:28:25,767
FREEZER IS FAILING IF IT'S

2667
01:28:25,833 --> 01:28:27,402
SATURDAY AT 3:00 IN THE MORNING?

2668
01:28:27,468 --> 01:28:31,039
SO YOU NEED TO HAVE THAT

2669
01:28:31,105 --> 01:28:33,207
24/7 MONITORING CALL-OUT ALARM.

2670
01:28:33,274 --> 01:28:34,175
CALL-OUT MEANS IT'S SAYING HERE

2671
01:28:34,242 --> 01:28:37,011
I AM, COME GET ME, I'M OUT OF

2672
01:28:37,078 --> 01:28:39,380
RANGE.

2673
01:28:39,447 --> 01:28:41,115
AND YOU HAVE ASSIGNED ON-CALL

2674
01:28:41,182 --> 01:28:41,315
STAFF.

2675
01:28:41,382 --> 01:28:42,216
SO THIS IS CRITICAL THAT YOU

2676
01:28:42,283 --> 01:28:44,018
HAVE PEOPLE THAT ARE GOING TO BE

2677
01:28:44,085 --> 01:28:46,054
AWAKE -- OR NOT AWAKE, GOING TO

2678
01:28:46,120 --> 01:28:47,055
BE WAKENED BY THE ALARM THAT

2679
01:28:47,121 --> 01:28:48,856
COMES THROUGH THEIR BEEPER OR

2680
01:28:48,923 --> 01:28:52,460
THEIR PHONE.

2681
01:28:52,527 --> 01:28:53,995
AND WHAT WILL YOU DO WHEN YOUR

2682
01:28:54,062 --> 01:28:54,862
FREEZER FAILS?

2683
01:28:54,929 --> 01:28:56,197
IT'S 3:00 IN THE MORNING.

2684
01:28:56,264 --> 01:28:58,633
YOU STUMBLE OUT OF BED, DRIVE TO

2685
01:28:58,700 --> 01:28:59,600
WORK, YOU MUST HAVE A WRITTEN

2686
01:28:59,667 --> 01:29:00,034
PLAN.

2687
01:29:00,101 --> 01:29:01,169
YOU MUST KNOW WHAT YOU HAVE TO

2688
01:29:01,235 --> 01:29:02,570
DO.

2689
01:29:02,637 --> 01:29:04,472
THIS IS ABSOLUTELY REQUIRED.

2690
01:29:04,539 --> 01:29:05,840
AND YOU MUST HAVE A PLACE TO PUT

2691
01:29:05,907 --> 01:29:06,507
THE SAMPLES.

2692
01:29:06,574 --> 01:29:07,542
YOU CAN'T DO ANYTHING IF YOU

2693
01:29:07,608 --> 01:29:08,843
DON'T HAVE A PLACE TO PUT THE

2694
01:29:08,910 --> 01:29:10,378
SAMPLES AND YOU DON'T WANT TO BE

2695
01:29:10,445 --> 01:29:11,612
FINDING EMPTY HOLES IN THE

2696
01:29:11,679 --> 01:29:14,148
MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT.

2697
01:29:14,215 --> 01:29:15,983
SO HERE'S A PRO TIP, KEEP ONE

2698
01:29:16,050 --> 01:29:17,852
COLD EMPTY UNIT FOR EVERY 10

2699
01:29:17,919 --> 01:29:18,886
UNITS HOLDING INVENTORY.

2700
01:29:18,953 --> 01:29:20,521
SO YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE EMPTY

2701
01:29:20,588 --> 01:29:21,489
SPACE.

2702
01:29:21,556 --> 01:29:27,662
IT'S PART OF A BIOREPOSITORY.

2703
01:29:27,729 --> 01:29:28,730
-- EMERGENCY RESPONSES.

2704
01:29:28,796 --> 01:29:29,864
DO YOU WANT HAVE TO GO THROUGH

2705
01:29:29,931 --> 01:29:31,365
AND PHYSICALLY PRACTICE IT, CAN

2706
01:29:31,432 --> 01:29:32,834
YOU DO A TABLETOP EXERCISE.

2707
01:29:32,900 --> 01:29:34,702
MY TEAM AND I JUST DID A

2708
01:29:34,769 --> 01:29:35,970
TABLETOP EXERCISE LAST WEEK,

2709
01:29:36,037 --> 01:29:37,305
WHERE WE ENVISIONED A FLOOD AND

2710
01:29:37,371 --> 01:29:39,006
WE FOUND HOLES IN OUR DISASTER

2711
01:29:39,073 --> 01:29:39,640
RECOVERY PLAN.

2712
01:29:39,707 --> 01:29:40,842
WE DIDN'T EXPECT TO ACTUALLY

2713
01:29:40,908 --> 01:29:45,446
HAVE TO TURN OFF POWER WHEN THE

2714
01:29:45,513 --> 01:29:46,347
FIRST RESPONDERS WERE COMING IN

2715
01:29:46,414 --> 01:29:47,882
TO DRAIN THE WATER THAT HAD

2716
01:29:47,949 --> 01:29:48,549
ACCUMULATED ON THE FLOOR.

2717
01:29:48,616 --> 01:29:50,318
NOW AGAIN, THIS IS A THEORETICAL

2718
01:29:50,384 --> 01:29:52,053
EXERCISE, THIS WASN'T A REAL

2719
01:29:52,120 --> 01:29:52,854
EXERCISE.

2720
01:29:52,920 --> 01:29:55,923
SO WE WOUND UP SAYING OKAY, WHAT

2721
01:29:55,990 --> 01:29:57,024
IS OUR ABSOLUTE TIME LIMIT

2722
01:29:57,091 --> 01:29:58,126
BEFORE WE HAVE TO CALL IN THE

2723
01:29:58,192 --> 01:29:59,927
PROS TO COME AND GET THE SAMPLES

2724
01:29:59,994 --> 01:30:01,763
SO THAT WE DON'T LOSE THEM?

2725
01:30:01,829 --> 01:30:03,965
WE HAVE 780,000 SAMPLES.

2726
01:30:04,031 --> 01:30:09,036
I DON'T WANT TO LOSE THEM.

2727
01:30:09,103 --> 01:30:11,973
THE OTHER THING, MAINTAIN AND

2728
01:30:12,039 --> 01:30:13,775
TEST EQUIPMENT, YOU NEED TO DO

2729
01:30:13,841 --> 01:30:15,143
PREVENTIVE AND OPERATIONAL

2730
01:30:15,209 --> 01:30:15,610
MAINTENANCE REGULARLY.

2731
01:30:15,676 --> 01:30:16,511
GET IN CONTRACT WITH YOUR

2732
01:30:16,577 --> 01:30:17,612
VENDOR, DO IT YOURSELF, WRITE IT

2733
01:30:17,678 --> 01:30:18,079
DOWN.

2734
01:30:18,146 --> 01:30:19,180
MAKE SURE THAT YOU KEEP RECORDS

2735
01:30:19,247 --> 01:30:20,581
OF EVERYTHING THAT YOU DO.

2736
01:30:20,648 --> 01:30:21,916
HAVE A WRITTEN PROCEDURE FOR

2737
01:30:21,983 --> 01:30:24,752
WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO DO.

2738
01:30:24,819 --> 01:30:26,020
YOU NEED TO CALIBRATE, YOU NEED

2739
01:30:26,087 --> 01:30:28,256
TO CLEAN, YOU NEED TO TEST YOUR

2740
01:30:28,322 --> 01:30:30,258
ALARMS, YOU NEED TO TEST YOUR

2741
01:30:30,324 --> 01:30:31,159
ALARMS MORE THAN ONCE A YEAR.

2742
01:30:31,225 --> 01:30:32,593
YOU NEED TO TEST YOUR ALARMS

2743
01:30:32,660 --> 01:30:32,960
FREQUENTLY.

2744
01:30:33,027 --> 01:30:34,028
MAP YOUR FREEZERS SO YOU KNOW

2745
01:30:34,095 --> 01:30:35,696
WHERE YOU HAVE COLD SPOTS, WHERE

2746
01:30:35,763 --> 01:30:37,565
YOU HAVE WARM SPOTS, IF YOU'RE

2747
01:30:37,632 --> 01:30:39,834
FREEZER IS OPERATING

2748
01:30:39,901 --> 01:30:40,501
APPROPRIATELY.

2749
01:30:40,568 --> 01:30:42,837
TRACK YOUR LN2 USE IN YOUR

2750
01:30:42,904 --> 01:30:43,271
TANKS.

2751
01:30:43,337 --> 01:30:46,040
IF YOUR TANK HAS A LEAK, YOU'RE

2752
01:30:46,107 --> 01:30:47,909
GOING TO GO THROUGH A LOT MORE

2753
01:30:47,975 --> 01:30:48,209
LN2.

2754
01:30:48,276 --> 01:30:49,744
YOU WON'T NECESSARILY SEE IT

2755
01:30:49,811 --> 01:30:52,180
BECAUSE IT'S HAPPENING -- IT'S A

2756
01:30:52,246 --> 01:30:53,681
PINPOINT, BUT YOU WILL GO

2757
01:30:53,748 --> 01:30:55,383
THROUGH MORE LN2 SO YOU NEED TO

2758
01:30:55,449 --> 01:30:57,885
TRACK THAT AS WELL.

2759
01:30:57,952 --> 01:30:59,020
SO IT'S A PAIN BUT YOU HAVE TO

2760
01:30:59,086 --> 01:31:02,623
DO IT, KEEP THE RECORDS.

2761
01:31:02,690 --> 01:31:03,858
WE'VE ALL SEEN FREEZERS THAT

2762
01:31:03,925 --> 01:31:04,725
LOOK LIKE THIS.

2763
01:31:04,792 --> 01:31:06,127
HOPEFULLY NOT ANYONE HERE.

2764
01:31:06,194 --> 01:31:07,695
BUT I KNOW THAT IN MANY LABS

2765
01:31:07,762 --> 01:31:09,030
AROUND THE COUNTRY, FREEZERS

2766
01:31:09,096 --> 01:31:10,531
LOOK LIKE THIS.

2767
01:31:10,598 --> 01:31:12,867
HOW DO YOU KNOW WHERE YOUR

2768
01:31:12,934 --> 01:31:13,534
THINGS ARE?

2769
01:31:13,601 --> 01:31:14,735
TRACK IT IN ECK SE. I KNOW WHERE

2770
01:31:14,802 --> 01:31:15,837
EVERYTHING IS, I KNOW WHAT THE

2771
01:31:15,903 --> 01:31:17,038
FREEZER BOX IS, I KNOW WHAT'S

2772
01:31:17,104 --> 01:31:17,438
GOING ON.

2773
01:31:17,505 --> 01:31:18,639
NO, YOU DON'T.

2774
01:31:18,706 --> 01:31:19,273
DON'T DO THAT.

2775
01:31:19,340 --> 01:31:20,174
DON'T USE EXCEL.

2776
01:31:20,241 --> 01:31:21,475
DON'T DO THIS.

2777
01:31:21,542 --> 01:31:23,077
DON'T BE THIS LAB.

2778
01:31:23,144 --> 01:31:25,012
BE THIS LAB.

2779
01:31:25,079 --> 01:31:26,214
SO HAVE AN INFORMATION

2780
01:31:26,280 --> 01:31:27,515
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WHERE YOU HAVE

2781
01:31:27,582 --> 01:31:30,484
FREEZER LOCATION MANAGEMENT,

2782
01:31:30,551 --> 01:31:31,919
FREEZER NUMBER, NAME, YOU HAVE

2783
01:31:31,986 --> 01:31:34,121
ITS SHELF, RACK, BOX, AND BOX

2784
01:31:34,188 --> 01:31:34,555
COORDINATES.

2785
01:31:34,622 --> 01:31:35,489
EVERYTHING IS TRACKED DOWN TO

2786
01:31:35,556 --> 01:31:35,790
THE POINT.

2787
01:31:35,857 --> 01:31:37,525
SO THAT YOU CAN ALWAYS FIND YOUR

2788
01:31:37,592 --> 01:31:39,527
SAMPLE, YOU ALWAYS KNOW WHERE

2789
01:31:39,594 --> 01:31:41,128
THEY ARE, IF ANYBODY ASKS YOU TO

2790
01:31:41,195 --> 01:31:43,564
PULL SAMPLE NUMBER 1234, CAN YOU

2791
01:31:43,631 --> 01:31:46,868
GO IN AND PULL SAMPLE NUMBER

2792
01:31:46,934 --> 01:31:47,068
1234.

2793
01:31:47,134 --> 01:31:48,736
BUT THAT'S NOT ALL THE

2794
01:31:48,803 --> 01:31:49,337
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2795
01:31:49,403 --> 01:31:49,537
DOES.

2796
01:31:49,604 --> 01:31:51,706
LIKE I SAID, IT DOES THE FREEZER

2797
01:31:51,772 --> 01:31:52,573
LOCATION MANAGEMENT, BUT IT CAN

2798
01:31:52,640 --> 01:31:54,609
ALSO KEEP TRACK OF YOUR

2799
01:31:54,675 --> 01:31:56,677
COLLECTION SITE, YOUR STUDY

2800
01:31:56,744 --> 01:31:57,812
PARTICIPANT AND SAMPLE LINKAGE,

2801
01:31:57,879 --> 01:31:59,847
WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY CRITICAL.

2802
01:31:59,914 --> 01:32:01,616
THE LIFECYCLE OF THE SAMPLE, THE

2803
01:32:01,682 --> 01:32:03,150
LINEAGE, WHO'S TOUCHED IT, WHERE

2804
01:32:03,217 --> 01:32:04,986
IT'S BEEN, WHAT'S BEEN PROCESSED

2805
01:32:05,052 --> 01:32:09,991
ON IT, WHAT ARE ITS DERIVATIVES?

2806
01:32:10,057 --> 01:32:11,425
WHERE IS IT IN THE FREEZER?

2807
01:32:11,492 --> 01:32:13,928
HOW HAS IT BEEN DISTRIBUTED?

2808
01:32:13,995 --> 01:32:18,366
HAVE YOU AUTO -- OR DISTRIBUTED

2809
01:32:18,432 --> 01:32:19,333
THE WHOLE THING?

2810
01:32:19,400 --> 01:32:21,502
IT ALSO CAN PROVIDE SPACE FOR

2811
01:32:21,569 --> 01:32:22,637
PREANALYTIC ANNOTATION, SO HOW

2812
01:32:22,703 --> 01:32:24,272
LONG DID THIS SAMPLE SIT ON THE

2813
01:32:24,338 --> 01:32:25,239
BENCH, WHAT WAS THE SPIN TIME,

2814
01:32:25,306 --> 01:32:27,675
WHAT WAS THE SPIN TEMPERATURE,

2815
01:32:27,742 --> 01:32:29,277
THOSE KINDS OF THINGS.

2816
01:32:29,343 --> 01:32:33,948
SO YOU CAN PROVIDE QC, THAT'S A

2817
01:32:34,015 --> 01:32:35,983
QC PIECE OF INFORMATION, YOU CAN

2818
01:32:36,050 --> 01:32:36,550
ALSO PROVIDE TEST RESULTS.

2819
01:32:36,617 --> 01:32:38,352
SO WE DO A LOT OF DNA ISOLATION.

2820
01:32:38,419 --> 01:32:40,554
WE TRACK HOW MUCH DNA WE GET, WE

2821
01:32:40,621 --> 01:32:42,123
TRACK THE CONCENTRATION, WE

2822
01:32:42,189 --> 01:32:43,124
TRACK THE YIELD, ALL OF THAT

2823
01:32:43,190 --> 01:32:46,193
KIND OF INFORMATION.

2824
01:32:46,260 --> 01:32:48,963
GENOTYPING SAMPLE STUDY, WE

2825
01:32:49,030 --> 01:32:51,899
TRACK THE QUALITY CONTROL OF THE

2826
01:32:51,966 --> 01:32:53,100
GENOTYPE TEST ITSELF.

2827
01:32:53,167 --> 01:32:55,736
SO WAS THERE CONTAMINATION, HOW

2828
01:32:55,803 --> 01:32:57,605
MUCH WAS THERE, DID IT PASS QC,

2829
01:32:57,672 --> 01:32:57,972
ET CETERA.

2830
01:32:58,039 --> 01:32:59,507
AND THEN YOU CAN ALSO LINK TO

2831
01:32:59,573 --> 01:33:01,275
OTHER DATA SYSTEMS.

2832
01:33:01,342 --> 01:33:02,677
OUR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

2833
01:33:02,743 --> 01:33:04,779
SYSTEM LINKS DIRECTLY TO OUR EHR

2834
01:33:04,845 --> 01:33:05,980
FOR A VERY SMALL PROPORTION OF

2835
01:33:06,047 --> 01:33:06,314
INFORMATION.

2836
01:33:06,380 --> 01:33:08,749
WE HAVE THE MRN, WE HAVE THE

2837
01:33:08,816 --> 01:33:10,184
PATIENT DEMOGRAPHICS, AND THAT'S

2838
01:33:10,251 --> 01:33:10,851
IT.

2839
01:33:10,918 --> 01:33:12,954
IT IS PHI-COMPLIANT, SO WE ARE

2840
01:33:13,020 --> 01:33:14,488
ALL OKAY THERE.

2841
01:33:14,555 --> 01:33:15,623
ON THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE, YOU SEE

2842
01:33:15,690 --> 01:33:18,125
SORT OF A SAMPLE WORKFLOW OF

2843
01:33:18,192 --> 01:33:20,061
INFORMATION THAT'S BEING

2844
01:33:20,127 --> 01:33:20,461
COLLECTED.

2845
01:33:20,528 --> 01:33:22,863
YOU CAN HAVE -- IN OUR SYSTEM,

2846
01:33:22,930 --> 01:33:23,965
THERE'S A SUBJECT ID WHICH IS

2847
01:33:24,031 --> 01:33:26,400
THE SAME PERSON OVER AND OVER

2848
01:33:26,467 --> 01:33:26,934
AGAIN.

2849
01:33:27,001 --> 01:33:29,704
THAT PERSON CAN BE IN STUDY A

2850
01:33:29,770 --> 01:33:32,974
AND STUDY B WITH TWO DIFFERENT

2851
01:33:33,040 --> 01:33:33,441
IDENTIFIERS.

2852
01:33:33,507 --> 01:33:35,176
ALL OF THE SAMPLES FROM STUDY A

2853
01:33:35,242 --> 01:33:36,277
WILL BE COULD FLECTED TO THAT

2854
01:33:36,344 --> 01:33:37,878
PERSON, ALL THE SAMPLE FROM

2855
01:33:37,945 --> 01:33:39,914
STUDY B WILL BE LINKED TO THAT

2856
01:33:39,981 --> 01:33:41,248
PERSON BUT ALL LINKED UP TOP TO

2857
01:33:41,315 --> 01:33:43,150
THE SAME SUBJECT ID.

2858
01:33:43,217 --> 01:33:43,918
FOR PREGNANCY BIOREPOSITORY, YOU

2859
01:33:43,985 --> 01:33:45,586
SHOULD PROBABLY CONSIDER

2860
01:33:45,653 --> 01:33:48,189
CONFIGURING YOUR DATA SYSTEM

2861
01:33:48,255 --> 01:33:50,091
WITH A FAMILY ID, ESPECIALLY IF

2862
01:33:50,157 --> 01:33:52,059
YOU'RE TRACKING SPECIMENS FROM

2863
01:33:52,126 --> 01:33:53,494
MAMA AND BABY.

2864
01:33:53,561 --> 01:33:56,263
THIS IS JUST A QUICK OVERVIEW OF

2865
01:33:56,330 --> 01:33:57,264
BIOBANK PERSONNEL ROLES.

2866
01:33:57,331 --> 01:34:00,334
THESE ARE SORT OF BASIC

2867
01:34:00,401 --> 01:34:00,968
PERSONNEL ROLES.

2868
01:34:01,035 --> 01:34:02,236
A P.I. WHO'S GOING TO BE THE

2869
01:34:02,303 --> 01:34:03,537
OWNER OF THE SPECIMEN COLLECTION

2870
01:34:03,604 --> 01:34:05,740
AND RESPONSIBLE FOR THE

2871
01:34:05,806 --> 01:34:06,774
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE.

2872
01:34:06,841 --> 01:34:08,075
CRC WHO'S GOING ON OUT THERE

2873
01:34:08,142 --> 01:34:09,610
DOING THE CONSENTING AND DATA

2874
01:34:09,677 --> 01:34:11,212
MANAGER WHO'S GOING TO BE

2875
01:34:11,278 --> 01:34:12,613
ENACTING THE DATA POLICIES,

2876
01:34:12,680 --> 01:34:15,116
CREATING SECURE PROCEDURES AND

2877
01:34:15,182 --> 01:34:15,416
COMPLIANCE.

2878
01:34:15,483 --> 01:34:17,818
A LAB TECH TO MAKE KITS, PROCESS

2879
01:34:17,885 --> 01:34:19,153
SAMPLES, ET CETERA.

2880
01:34:19,220 --> 01:34:20,755
A PROJECT MANAGER AND A

2881
01:34:20,821 --> 01:34:21,622
LOGISTICS TECHNICIAN.

2882
01:34:21,689 --> 01:34:23,024
THESE ARE IDEAS, THESE ARE NOT

2883
01:34:23,090 --> 01:34:23,591
WRITTEN IN STONE.

2884
01:34:23,657 --> 01:34:25,092
YOU DO HAVE TO HAVE A P.I.

2885
01:34:25,159 --> 01:34:26,894
ALWAYS, BUT OTHERWISE, YOU

2886
01:34:26,961 --> 01:34:27,895
CAN -- THESE ARE FOR YOU TO

2887
01:34:27,962 --> 01:34:29,730
THINK ABOUT US A PLAN YOUR

2888
01:34:29,797 --> 01:34:34,335
BIOREPOSITORY.

2889
01:34:34,402 --> 01:34:35,469
MATERIALS THAT ARE NEEDED.

2890
01:34:35,536 --> 01:34:37,571
YOU NEED A PROTOCOL, WHAT'S

2891
01:34:37,638 --> 01:34:38,672
GOING TO HAPPEN IN THE CLINIC,

2892
01:34:38,739 --> 01:34:40,775
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN AS YOU

2893
01:34:40,841 --> 01:34:41,442
PROCESS SAMPLES.

2894
01:34:41,509 --> 01:34:42,510
THIS IS THE THING THAT IS

2895
01:34:42,576 --> 01:34:43,611
APPROVED BY THE IRB.

2896
01:34:43,677 --> 01:34:45,046
THE MANUAL OF OPERATION, THIS IS

2897
01:34:45,112 --> 01:34:46,747
SORT OF A -- IT'S A MANUAL,

2898
01:34:46,814 --> 01:34:47,181
RIGHT?

2899
01:34:47,248 --> 01:34:48,182
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN.

2900
01:34:48,249 --> 01:34:49,517
HOW DO WE DO THE PARTICIPANT

2901
01:34:49,583 --> 01:34:50,918
SCREENING, HOW DO WE DO THE

2902
01:34:50,985 --> 01:34:51,919
CONSENTING, THAT KIND OF THING.

2903
01:34:51,986 --> 01:34:54,055
AND THEN YOU HAVE MORE DETAILED

2904
01:34:54,121 --> 01:34:55,356
INFORMATION ENCAPSULATED IN YOUR

2905
01:34:55,423 --> 01:34:56,557
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

2906
01:34:56,624 --> 01:34:58,025
THIS IS A VERY DETAILED WORKFLOW

2907
01:34:58,092 --> 01:34:59,326
OF EVERYTHING THAT'S GOING TO

2908
01:34:59,393 --> 01:35:01,729
HAPPEN ON EACH SAMPLE, EACH TYPE

2909
01:35:01,796 --> 01:35:06,400
OF PROCESS THAT YOU PERFORM.

2910
01:35:06,467 --> 01:35:07,435
WHEN YOU DO THIS, IT'S IMPORTANT

2911
01:35:07,501 --> 01:35:09,437
TO BE IN CONTROL OF YOUR

2912
01:35:09,503 --> 01:35:10,104
DOCUMENTS.

2913
01:35:10,171 --> 01:35:12,006
SO I'VE RECOMMENDED A DOCUMENT

2914
01:35:12,073 --> 01:35:13,441
CONTROL SYSTEM WHERE YOU CREATE

2915
01:35:13,507 --> 01:35:14,775
AN AUDIT OF EVERYTHING THAT'S

2916
01:35:14,842 --> 01:35:16,544
EVER HAPPENED WITH THE DOCUMENT

2917
01:35:16,610 --> 01:35:18,112
AND SHOWING THAT THE DOCUMENTS

2918
01:35:18,179 --> 01:35:19,280
ARE VETTED SO THEY'RE WELL

2919
01:35:19,346 --> 01:35:21,148
REASONED, THEY'RE UP TO DATE,

2920
01:35:21,215 --> 01:35:23,417
THEY'RE UNDERSTOOD, THEY'RE

2921
01:35:23,484 --> 01:35:25,019
VERSIONED AND YOU KEEP THE

2922
01:35:25,086 --> 01:35:26,120
VERSION, THE KEEP THE VERSION

2923
01:35:26,187 --> 01:35:26,687
HISTORY.

2924
01:35:26,754 --> 01:35:27,655
THEY'RE ACCURATE AND UP TO DATE.

2925
01:35:27,721 --> 01:35:30,091
THERE'S THIS THING CALLED SOP

2926
01:35:30,157 --> 01:35:32,393
DRIFT, SO YOU'RE USING YOUR SOP

2927
01:35:32,460 --> 01:35:33,727
BUT OVER TIME YOU START TO TWEAK

2928
01:35:33,794 --> 01:35:35,029
IT A LITTLE BIT HERE AND THERE

2929
01:35:35,096 --> 01:35:36,497
AND HERE AND THERE AND HERE AND

2930
01:35:36,564 --> 01:35:38,332
THERE.

2931
01:35:38,399 --> 01:35:42,002
EVEEVENTUALLY YOU REALIZE THE SP

2932
01:35:42,069 --> 01:35:43,003
IS NOT THE SAME AS WHAT YOU'RE

2933
01:35:43,070 --> 01:35:45,072
DOING SO YOU NEED TO GO BACK AND

2934
01:35:45,139 --> 01:35:46,974
RE-ADJUST IT AND REAPPROVE IT.

2935
01:35:47,041 --> 01:35:49,710
DISTRIBUTE TO AUTHORIZED

2936
01:35:49,777 --> 01:35:50,911
PERSONNEL AND APPROPRIATELY

2937
01:35:50,978 --> 01:35:51,879
RETAINED OR DISPOSED.

2938
01:35:51,946 --> 01:35:53,514
THIS IS ACTUALLY A QUICK NOTE ON

2939
01:35:53,581 --> 01:35:54,482
SAMPLE COLLECTION AND

2940
01:35:54,548 --> 01:35:55,382
PROCESSING.

2941
01:35:55,449 --> 01:35:58,953
THIS IS WHAT OUR STUDY STRUCTURE

2942
01:35:59,019 --> 01:36:00,888
FOR THE UM PREGNANCY BIOBANK

2943
01:36:00,955 --> 01:36:05,459
LOOKS LIKE, AT LEAST IN PART SM

2944
01:36:05,526 --> 01:36:07,261
HERE'S THE STUDY, THE COHORT OF

2945
01:36:07,328 --> 01:36:08,462
MOTHERS, PREGNANCY VISIT, SO

2946
01:36:08,529 --> 01:36:10,231
THERE'S ONE, TWO AND THREE.

2947
01:36:10,297 --> 01:36:11,065
THERE'S PRELABOR AND DELIVERY,

2948
01:36:11,132 --> 01:36:12,366
AND THEN LABOR AND DELIVERY.

2949
01:36:12,433 --> 01:36:13,667
IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE -- SO

2950
01:36:13,734 --> 01:36:15,002
THIS IS ALL MAPPED OUT AHEAD OF

2951
01:36:15,069 --> 01:36:15,636
TIME.

2952
01:36:15,703 --> 01:36:18,172
AND THEN WE HAVE IN THE -- I

2953
01:36:18,239 --> 01:36:19,874
CAN'T REALLY SEE IT HERE BECAUSE

2954
01:36:19,940 --> 01:36:22,943
OF THE -- ANYWAY, THESE ARE THE

2955
01:36:23,010 --> 01:36:24,278
KITS.

2956
01:36:24,345 --> 01:36:27,148
OBSTETRICS, TISSUE, VISIT NUMBER

2957
01:36:27,214 --> 01:36:28,215
THREE ONLY, THAT'S FOR THE BABY

2958
01:36:28,282 --> 01:36:28,449
KIT.

2959
01:36:28,516 --> 01:36:30,017
AND THEN THERE'S THE KIT ITEMS.

2960
01:36:30,084 --> 01:36:35,256
EACH OF THESE ITEMS HASTY OWN

2961
01:36:35,322 --> 01:36:35,923
BARCODE AND LABEL.

2962
01:36:35,990 --> 01:36:38,225
WE DON'T KEEP ANY PHI ON THE

2963
01:36:38,292 --> 01:36:41,462
BARCODES THEMSELVES.

2964
01:36:41,529 --> 01:36:42,763
OR SORRY ON THE LABELS

2965
01:36:42,830 --> 01:36:43,731
THEMSELVES, ONLY THE SAMPLE

2966
01:36:43,797 --> 01:36:44,064
BARCODE.

2967
01:36:44,131 --> 01:36:47,168
SO THIS WAY ALL OF OUR SAMPLES

2968
01:36:47,234 --> 01:36:48,169
ARE DE-IDENTIFIED.

2969
01:36:48,235 --> 01:36:49,803
AGAIN THESE ARE JUST SPECIFIC TO

2970
01:36:49,870 --> 01:36:51,939
THE UM PREGNANCY BIOBANK.

2971
01:36:52,006 --> 01:36:53,774
AND THERE'S A WHOLE HOST OF

2972
01:36:53,841 --> 01:36:55,009
OTHER TYPES OF KIT ITEMS THAT

2973
01:36:55,075 --> 01:36:56,744
CAN BE THROWN INTO THE KIT, EACH

2974
01:36:56,810 --> 01:37:07,221
WITH ITS OWN INDIVIDUAL LABEL.

2975
01:37:07,288 --> 01:37:08,956
SO THIS IS ANOTHER THING THAT I

2976
01:37:09,023 --> 01:37:09,490
HIGHLY RECOMMEND.

2977
01:37:09,557 --> 01:37:11,025
THIS IS A WORKFLOW MAP OF

2978
01:37:11,091 --> 01:37:14,028
EVERYTHING THAT HAPPENS IN THE

2979
01:37:14,094 --> 01:37:14,929
BIOREPOSITORY FROM THE

2980
01:37:14,995 --> 01:37:18,866
COLLECTION IN THE CLINIC TO HOW

2981
01:37:18,933 --> 01:37:26,106
PEOPLE ARE CLENGTING COLLECTINGE

2982
01:37:26,173 --> 01:37:27,474
SAMPLES, WHERE ARE THEY STORED

2983
01:37:27,541 --> 01:37:28,576
TEMPORARILY, WHERE ARE THEY

2984
01:37:28,642 --> 01:37:28,976
STORED LONG TERM.

2985
01:37:29,043 --> 01:37:30,311
SO THIS IS A CRITICAL COMPONENT

2986
01:37:30,377 --> 01:37:32,079
THAT WILL HELP YOU DEVELOP NOT

2987
01:37:32,146 --> 01:37:33,214
ONLY YOUR PROCESS ITSELF BUT

2988
01:37:33,280 --> 01:37:35,849
ALSO ALL OF THE ITEMS YOU NEED

2989
01:37:35,916 --> 01:37:37,084
TO SUPPORT YOUR PROCESS AND

2990
01:37:37,151 --> 01:37:37,851
WHO'S GOING TO DO IT.

2991
01:37:37,918 --> 01:37:39,086
AND I RECOMMEND HAVING SOMEBODY

2992
01:37:39,153 --> 01:37:40,254
WHO KNOWS HOW TO DO THIS.

2993
01:37:40,321 --> 01:37:41,722
THIS IS A BUSINESS SYSTEMS

2994
01:37:41,789 --> 01:37:43,924
ANALYST, FOR EXAMPLE.

2995
01:37:43,991 --> 01:37:45,793
YOU MAY ALSO WANT TO CONSIDER A

2996
01:37:45,859 --> 01:37:47,127
QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR

2997
01:37:47,194 --> 01:37:52,299
YOUR BIOBANK, WHICH WILL SUPPORT

2998
01:37:52,366 --> 01:37:53,634
CONFIDENT STEWARDSHIP OF YOUR

2999
01:37:53,701 --> 01:37:55,202
BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS, ALSO

3000
01:37:55,269 --> 01:38:04,511
PREVENTS MISTAKES, ALLOWS T YOUO

3001
01:38:04,578 --> 01:38:05,512
COLLECT ANNUALLY OR MORE

3002
01:38:05,579 --> 01:38:06,347
FREQUENTLY AS YOU WISH.

3003
01:38:06,413 --> 01:38:09,083
YOU ARE REDUCING WASTEFUL

3004
01:38:09,149 --> 01:38:09,516
ACTIVITIES.

3005
01:38:09,583 --> 01:38:11,085
ONE MAY SAY THAT QUALITY CONTROL

3006
01:38:11,151 --> 01:38:12,519
SYSTEM IS WASTEFUL IN AND OF

3007
01:38:12,586 --> 01:38:12,753
ITSELF.

3008
01:38:12,820 --> 01:38:13,654
I WOULD DISAGREE WITH THAT.

3009
01:38:13,721 --> 01:38:16,890
IT IS MORE WORK, IT REQUIRES

3010
01:38:16,957 --> 01:38:19,893
MORE RESOURCES, BUT THE BENEFITS

3011
01:38:19,960 --> 01:38:20,794
ARE OUTLINED HERE.

3012
01:38:20,861 --> 01:38:22,963
YOU ACTUALLY HAVE LOWER OVERALL

3013
01:38:23,030 --> 01:38:24,598
COSTS BECAUSE YOU'RE NOT DOING

3014
01:38:24,665 --> 01:38:25,432
WASTEFUL THINGS.

3015
01:38:25,499 --> 01:38:26,867
THEN YOU ALSO KEEP TRACK OF A

3016
01:38:26,934 --> 01:38:27,434
LIVING HISTORY.

3017
01:38:27,501 --> 01:38:28,602
SO THAT'S CRITICAL.

3018
01:38:28,669 --> 01:38:32,206
A COUPLE OF QMSs OUT THERE FOR

3019
01:38:32,273 --> 01:38:33,073
BIOBANKS THEMSELVES.

3020
01:38:33,140 --> 01:38:34,908
ONE IS CALLED -- ONE IS

3021
01:38:34,975 --> 01:38:36,176
ADMINISTERED BY THE COLLEGE OF

3022
01:38:36,243 --> 01:38:38,045
AMERICAN PATHOLOGISTS WHICH IS

3023
01:38:38,112 --> 01:38:39,680
THE BIOREPOSITORY ACCREDITATION

3024
01:38:39,747 --> 01:38:41,015
PROGRAM.

3025
01:38:41,081 --> 01:38:41,715
THE CENTRAL BIOREPOSITORY AT

3026
01:38:41,782 --> 01:38:43,150
MICHIGAN IS ACCREDITED BY THIS

3027
01:38:43,217 --> 01:38:43,584
BODY.

3028
01:38:43,651 --> 01:38:47,187
THERE IS ALSO AN ISOBIOBANK

3029
01:38:47,254 --> 01:38:47,821
STANDARD, WHICH IS

3030
01:38:47,888 --> 01:38:52,760
INTERNATIONAL.

3031
01:38:52,826 --> 01:38:53,427
SO I JUST WANT TO GIVE YOU A

3032
01:38:53,494 --> 01:38:55,629
LITTLE BIT OF A SCARE, SORRY, SO

3033
01:38:55,696 --> 01:38:58,399
THE MICHAEL J. FOX FOUNDATION

3034
01:38:58,465 --> 01:39:00,567
SUES CORIELL INSTITUTE OVER AN

3035
01:39:00,634 --> 01:39:06,540
ALLEGED FREEZER DOOR BLUNDER.

3036
01:39:06,607 --> 01:39:09,109
SO SOMEBODY FORGOT TO CLOSE A

3037
01:39:09,176 --> 01:39:10,210
FREEZER DOOR AND THEY LOST THE

3038
01:39:10,277 --> 01:39:15,349
SAMPLES.

3039
01:39:15,416 --> 01:39:17,651
SEUF HEARD THESE HORROR STORIES.

3040
01:39:17,718 --> 01:39:19,286
THIS IS JUST ONE.

3041
01:39:19,353 --> 01:39:20,587
SO TO PREVENT THAT, I JUST WANT

3042
01:39:20,654 --> 01:39:21,722
TO HIGHLIGHT, CHECKLISTS ARE

3043
01:39:21,789 --> 01:39:22,556
YOUR FRIEND.

3044
01:39:22,623 --> 01:39:25,459
EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE A QMS, A

3045
01:39:25,526 --> 01:39:27,828
FORMAL QMS, SOME END OF THE DAY

3046
01:39:27,895 --> 01:39:28,996
CHECKLISTS ARE PROBABLY A GOOD

3047
01:39:29,063 --> 01:39:30,097
IDEA.

3048
01:39:30,164 --> 01:39:31,732
THIS IS OURS, ONE OF OURS.

3049
01:39:31,799 --> 01:39:34,034
WE CHECK THE FREEZER DOOR IS

3050
01:39:34,101 --> 01:39:35,202
CLOSED, WE ALSO CHECK THAT THE

3051
01:39:35,269 --> 01:39:36,737
FACEPLATE IS REGISTERING A

3052
01:39:36,804 --> 01:39:38,706
TEMPERATURE AND MATCHES THAT OF

3053
01:39:38,772 --> 01:39:41,075
OUR SECONDARY TEMPERATURE PROBE

3054
01:39:41,141 --> 01:39:43,010
SYSTEM.

3055
01:39:43,077 --> 01:39:44,778
AND THEN WE ALSO DO A CHECK-IN

3056
01:39:44,845 --> 01:39:46,080
EVERY SINGLE DAY TO MAKE SURE

3057
01:39:46,146 --> 01:39:47,481
ALL SAMPLES ARE CHECKED IN.

3058
01:39:47,548 --> 01:39:49,316
YOU CAN SEE THAT PRO TIP AT THE

3059
01:39:49,383 --> 01:39:49,650
TOP.

3060
01:39:49,717 --> 01:39:50,718
DON'T THINK THAT YOU'RE GOING TO

3061
01:39:50,784 --> 01:39:51,618
DO IT TOMORROW.

3062
01:39:51,685 --> 01:39:52,653
DO IT TODAY.

3063
01:39:52,720 --> 01:39:53,520
BECAUSE YOU WILL LOSE TRACK OF

3064
01:39:53,587 --> 01:39:54,521
YOUR SAMPLES.

3065
01:39:54,588 --> 01:39:56,056
THEY SHOULD BE ACCESSIONED IN

3066
01:39:56,123 --> 01:39:57,224
THE ELECTRONIC SYSTEM AND PUT IN

3067
01:39:57,291 --> 01:39:57,758
THE FREEZER.

3068
01:39:57,825 --> 01:40:00,060
IF THEY CAN'T BE PUT PERFECTLY

3069
01:40:00,127 --> 01:40:01,929
AWAY, AT LEAST ACKNOWLEDGE THEIR

3070
01:40:01,995 --> 01:40:03,397
RECEIPT AND THEIR LOCATION IN A

3071
01:40:03,464 --> 01:40:09,870
BOX.

3072
01:40:09,937 --> 01:40:11,305
THEN WHILE YOU'RE MAKING OR

3073
01:40:11,372 --> 01:40:12,506
CREATING A BIOREPOSITORY, IT MAY

3074
01:40:12,573 --> 01:40:14,141
FEEL LIKE YOU'RE DRIVING A CAR

3075
01:40:14,208 --> 01:40:15,175
WHILE YOU'RE BUILDING IT AND YOU

3076
01:40:15,242 --> 01:40:16,176
ARE, AND THAT'S OKAY.

3077
01:40:16,243 --> 01:40:18,579
WITH THE GOOD INFRASTRUCTURE AND

3078
01:40:18,645 --> 01:40:22,082
THE GOOD FOUNDATION, YOU WILL BE

3079
01:40:22,149 --> 01:40:24,184
ABLE TO GET TO YOUR DESTINATION

3080
01:40:24,251 --> 01:40:24,418
SAFELY.

3081
01:40:24,485 --> 01:40:25,753
BUT IT DOES TAKE A TEAM, SO I

3082
01:40:25,819 --> 01:40:27,821
JUST WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT THE

3083
01:40:27,888 --> 01:40:28,455
CENTRAL BIOREPOSITORY TEAM WHO

3084
01:40:28,522 --> 01:40:30,557
ARE DOING ALL OF THIS WORK.

3085
01:40:30,624 --> 01:40:32,493
OUR HEALTH INFORMATION

3086
01:40:32,559 --> 01:40:36,830
TECHNOLOGY COLLEAGUES AT OUR

3087
01:40:36,897 --> 01:40:37,564
HITS DEPARTMENT.

3088
01:40:37,631 --> 01:40:39,533
OUR SPONSORS AT THE UMMS OFFICE

3089
01:40:39,600 --> 01:40:42,236
OF RESEARCH, AND OUR FACILITIES

3090
01:40:42,302 --> 01:40:43,003
GUYS WHO JUST MAKE SURE

3091
01:40:43,070 --> 01:40:46,707
EVERYTHING WORKS FOR US.

3092
01:40:46,774 --> 01:40:47,241
EXCELLENTLY.

3093
01:40:47,307 --> 01:40:49,276
OH, AND THEN I'VE PUT THESE

3094
01:40:49,343 --> 01:40:50,177
RESOURCES OUT THERE IF YOU WANT

3095
01:40:50,244 --> 01:40:51,378
TO TAKE A PICTURE, I DON'T KNOW

3096
01:40:51,445 --> 01:40:52,579
IF THE SLIDES WILL BE

3097
01:40:52,646 --> 01:40:54,381
DISTRIBUTED BUT IF THEY ARE,

3098
01:40:54,448 --> 01:40:59,987
THEN YOU'LL HAVE THEM.

3099
01:41:00,053 --> 01:41:02,289
THANK YOU.

3100
01:41:02,356 --> 01:41:05,225
>> THANK YOU, DR. BLANC.

3101
01:41:05,292 --> 01:41:06,693
OUR NEXT TALK IS ON DEVELOPMENT

3102
01:41:06,760 --> 01:41:08,028
AND EXPANSION OF THE WOMEN'S

3103
01:41:08,095 --> 01:41:11,398
HEALTH TISSUE REPOSITORY AND

3104
01:41:11,465 --> 01:41:13,767
INTERGENERATIONAL HEALTH

3105
01:41:13,834 --> 01:41:15,102
KNOWLEDGEBASE AT THE UNIVERSITY

3106
01:41:15,169 --> 01:41:18,572
OF IOWA BY DRS. DONNA AND MARK

3107
01:41:18,639 --> 01:41:28,816
SANTILLAN.

3108
01:41:36,690 --> 01:41:38,258
>> THANK YOU FOR ALLOWING US TO

3109
01:41:38,325 --> 01:41:40,027
TALK ABOUT OUR WORK AT THE

3110
01:41:40,093 --> 01:41:40,461
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA.

3111
01:41:40,527 --> 01:41:42,162
WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT OUR

3112
01:41:42,229 --> 01:41:43,197
WOMEN'S HEALTH TISSUE

3113
01:41:43,263 --> 01:41:44,965
REPOSITORY.

3114
01:41:45,032 --> 01:41:46,467
OKAY.

3115
01:41:46,533 --> 01:41:49,603
SO I'M DONNA SANTILLAN, DIRECTOR

3116
01:41:49,670 --> 01:41:50,737
OF WOMEN'S HEALTH TISSUE

3117
01:41:50,804 --> 01:41:52,573
REPOSITORY AND THIS IS MARK, OUR

3118
01:41:52,639 --> 01:41:54,074
CLINICAL DIRECTOR, AND WE'RE

3119
01:41:54,141 --> 01:41:57,811
ALSO GOING TO BEING TALKING

3120
01:41:57,878 --> 01:42:01,715
ABOUT OUR WORK AROUND THE

3121
01:42:01,782 --> 01:42:02,916
KNOWLEDGE BASE.

3122
01:42:02,983 --> 01:42:04,351
I'M SURE I'M PREACHING TO THE

3123
01:42:04,418 --> 01:42:05,219
AUDIENCE HERE, I'M PREACHING TO

3124
01:42:05,285 --> 01:42:05,719
THE CHOIR.

3125
01:42:05,786 --> 01:42:07,988
WHEN WE STARTED OUR BIOBANK BACK

3126
01:42:08,055 --> 01:42:08,856
IN 2009 THERE HAD BEEN A REPORT

3127
01:42:08,922 --> 01:42:10,324
FROM THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF

3128
01:42:10,390 --> 01:42:11,124
MEDICINE ABOUT HOW TO IMPROVE

3129
01:42:11,191 --> 01:42:12,125
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH AND WHAT

3130
01:42:12,192 --> 01:42:13,861
WAS NEEDED, AND THERE WERE

3131
01:42:13,927 --> 01:42:14,661
SEVERAL RECOMMENDATIONS THAT

3132
01:42:14,728 --> 01:42:16,630
WERE MADE IN THERE, INCLUDING

3133
01:42:16,697 --> 01:42:17,764
MAINTAINING AND INCREASING AN

3134
01:42:17,831 --> 01:42:20,133
EMPHASIS ON MOLECULAR ANIMAL

3135
01:42:20,200 --> 01:42:21,869
CELLULAR OBSERVATIONAL AND

3136
01:42:21,935 --> 01:42:23,403
CLINICAL STUDIES RESEARCH SO

3137
01:42:23,470 --> 01:42:24,271
BASICALLY ACROSS THE

3138
01:42:24,338 --> 01:42:25,339
TRANSLATIONAL SPECTRUM,

3139
01:42:25,405 --> 01:42:26,306
INCLUDING WOMEN IN RESEARCH THAT

3140
01:42:26,373 --> 01:42:28,175
HAVE HIGHEST RISK AND HIGHEST

3141
01:42:28,242 --> 01:42:29,610
DISEASE BURDENS, PROMOTING

3142
01:42:29,676 --> 01:42:31,178
WELLNESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE

3143
01:42:31,245 --> 01:42:32,513
RESEARCH, IN ADDITION TO

3144
01:42:32,579 --> 01:42:35,249
MORTALITY STUDIES.

3145
01:42:35,315 --> 01:42:37,284
STUDYING COMMON DETERMINANTS AND

3146
01:42:37,351 --> 01:42:38,819
RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING MULTIPLE

3147
01:42:38,886 --> 01:42:40,888
DISEASES, IMPROVING SEX

3148
01:42:40,954 --> 01:42:42,055
STRATIFIED ANALYSES,

3149
01:42:42,122 --> 01:42:43,056
IMPLEMENTING RESEARCH USING THE

3150
01:42:43,123 --> 01:42:46,226
STUDY FINDINGS AND IMPROVING THE

3151
01:42:46,293 --> 01:42:47,027
COMMUNICATION OF RESEARCH

3152
01:42:47,094 --> 01:42:47,361
FINDINGS.

3153
01:42:47,427 --> 01:42:48,462
SO WE FELT BY DEVELOPING A

3154
01:42:48,529 --> 01:42:49,196
BIOBANK AT THE UNIVERSITY THAT

3155
01:42:49,263 --> 01:42:50,330
WE WOULD BE HELPING TO ADDRESS

3156
01:42:50,397 --> 01:42:54,034
THESE AREAS.

3157
01:42:54,101 --> 01:42:55,102
SO BECAUSE YOU CAN'T REALLY

3158
01:42:55,168 --> 01:42:56,770
EXPERIMENT ON PREGNANT WOMEN, WE

3159
01:42:56,837 --> 01:42:58,739
THOUGHT THAT BIOBANKING WAS ONE

3160
01:42:58,805 --> 01:42:59,706
OF THE ANSWERS THAT WE WERE

3161
01:42:59,773 --> 01:43:00,240
GOING TO DO.

3162
01:43:00,307 --> 01:43:03,410
SO WE CREATED THE WOMEN'S HEALTH

3163
01:43:03,477 --> 01:43:04,378
TISSUE REPOSITORY.

3164
01:43:04,444 --> 01:43:05,679
THAT STARTED IN 2010 AND IT

3165
01:43:05,746 --> 01:43:06,847
ACTUALLY CONSISTS OF FOUR

3166
01:43:06,914 --> 01:43:07,748
DIFFERENT BIOBANKS, SO THAT

3167
01:43:07,814 --> 01:43:11,018
WE'RE GIVING PATIENTS CONSENT

3168
01:43:11,084 --> 01:43:12,185
FORMS THAT FIT THEIR NEED.

3169
01:43:12,252 --> 01:43:14,588
WE'RE NOT GIVING A PATIENT WHO

3170
01:43:14,655 --> 01:43:15,255
HAS -- WHO'S PREGNANT SOMETHING

3171
01:43:15,322 --> 01:43:18,058
THAT'S TALKING ABOUT HER CANCER

3172
01:43:18,125 --> 01:43:19,459
COLLECTION, AND IN OUR

3173
01:43:19,526 --> 01:43:20,160
INFERTILITY PATIENTS WE'RE A

3174
01:43:20,227 --> 01:43:22,963
LITTLE BIT MORE SENSITIVE ABOUT

3175
01:43:23,030 --> 01:43:25,098
THE LANGUAGE ON PREGNANCY AND

3176
01:43:25,165 --> 01:43:26,199
THEIR CHILDREN AND HOW WE WORD

3177
01:43:26,266 --> 01:43:26,433
THINGS.

3178
01:43:26,500 --> 01:43:28,168
SO WE HAVE FOUR DIFFERENT

3179
01:43:28,235 --> 01:43:29,870
CONSENTS, THE PERINATAL FAMILY

3180
01:43:29,937 --> 01:43:32,606
TISSUE BANK, REBRAND OF OUR

3181
01:43:32,673 --> 01:43:34,041
PREVIOUS BANK SO THIS NOW

3182
01:43:34,107 --> 01:43:35,242
INCLUDES MALE PARTNERS AND IT

3183
01:43:35,309 --> 01:43:38,378
ALSO INCLUDES -- IT'S JUST TO BE

3184
01:43:38,445 --> 01:43:40,013
MORE GENDER INCLUSIVE IN OUR

3185
01:43:40,080 --> 01:43:40,781
LANGUAGE AS WELL.

3186
01:43:40,847 --> 01:43:42,416
FOR THIS WE'RE CONSENTING FOR

3187
01:43:42,482 --> 01:43:44,017
THE LONGITUDE OF THE PREGNANCY,

3188
01:43:44,084 --> 01:43:45,218
THE PREGNANT PATIENT IS GIVING

3189
01:43:45,285 --> 01:43:46,520
US CONSENT GOING FORWARD AND

3190
01:43:46,587 --> 01:43:47,521
BACKWARD FOR THEIR MEDICAL

3191
01:43:47,588 --> 01:43:48,622
RECORD AND WE'RE ALSO RECEIVING

3192
01:43:48,689 --> 01:43:50,857
CONSENT FOR THE CHILD TO LOOK AT

3193
01:43:50,924 --> 01:43:52,192
THEIR MEDICAL RECORD UNTIL THEY

3194
01:43:52,259 --> 01:43:53,493
TURN 18.

3195
01:43:53,560 --> 01:43:55,228
THE REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY

3196
01:43:55,295 --> 01:43:57,230
AND FERTILITY TISSUE AND DATA

3197
01:43:57,297 --> 01:43:59,066
BANK IS FOR PATIENTS BEING SEEN

3198
01:43:59,132 --> 01:44:06,473
IN REI, LARGELY OUR INFERTILITY

3199
01:44:06,540 --> 01:44:07,040
PATIENTS.

3200
01:44:07,107 --> 01:44:09,876
A WELL WOMAN BANK MOSTLY HAS

3201
01:44:09,943 --> 01:44:10,477
UROGYNECOLOGY PATIENTS IN IT

3202
01:44:10,544 --> 01:44:17,918
RIGHT NOW, THEN OUR GYN ONG

3203
01:44:17,985 --> 01:44:19,886
BANK, THESE ARE THE NUMBER OF

3204
01:44:19,953 --> 01:44:20,887
PARTICIPANTS WE HAVE IN EACH

3205
01:44:20,954 --> 01:44:21,221
BANK.

3206
01:44:21,288 --> 01:44:22,723
YOU'LL SEE AS WE TALK ABOUT

3207
01:44:22,789 --> 01:44:24,591
TODAY, THE PREGNANCY BANK HAS

3208
01:44:24,658 --> 01:44:28,862
OVER 13,000 PARTICIPANTS.

3209
01:44:28,929 --> 01:44:30,664
SO WE ARE ONLY CONSENTING AT THE

3210
01:44:30,731 --> 01:44:32,032
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA FOR PATIENTS

3211
01:44:32,099 --> 01:44:33,433
TO PARTICIPATE, WE'VE

3212
01:44:33,500 --> 01:44:34,534
OCCASIONALLY HAD SOME GRANTS

3213
01:44:34,601 --> 01:44:36,269
THAT HAVE ALLOWED US TO CONSENT

3214
01:44:36,336 --> 01:44:37,571
OUTSIDE BUT IT'S LARGELY

3215
01:44:37,638 --> 01:44:38,205
INTERNAL CONSENTING.

3216
01:44:38,271 --> 01:44:40,073
PART OF THAT IS BECAUSE OUR

3217
01:44:40,140 --> 01:44:41,575
WHOLE HOSPITAL SYSTEM IS ON EPIC

3218
01:44:41,642 --> 01:44:43,343
SO INPATIENT, OUTPATIENT, ALL OF

3219
01:44:43,410 --> 01:44:44,544
THE CLINICS, EVERYTHING IS EPIC

3220
01:44:44,611 --> 01:44:45,912
AND FOR THE CHILDREN TOO, SO IT

3221
01:44:45,979 --> 01:44:47,914
MAKES IT MUCH EASIER TO GET THE

3222
01:44:47,981 --> 01:44:49,883
LONGITUDAL DATA.

3223
01:44:49,950 --> 01:44:51,451
WE TRIED TO MAKE THIS AS SIMPLE

3224
01:44:51,518 --> 01:44:52,986
AS POSSIBLE SO WE COLLECT AN

3225
01:44:53,053 --> 01:44:54,655
EXTRA TUBE ALONGSIDE CLINICALLY

3226
01:44:54,721 --> 01:44:56,456
INDICATED SAMPLES THAT SAVED US

3227
01:44:56,523 --> 01:44:57,658
A BIT OF MONEY BECAUSE WE DIDN'T

3228
01:44:57,724 --> 01:44:59,760
HAVE TO PAY PHLEBOTOMY TO DRAW

3229
01:44:59,826 --> 01:45:01,294
OUR SAMPLES, AS LONG AS THEY

3230
01:45:01,361 --> 01:45:04,998
WERE DREWING A T DRAWING A TEU D

3231
01:45:05,065 --> 01:45:05,532
COLLECT OURS.

3232
01:45:05,599 --> 01:45:07,467
WE ARE COLLECTING AN EXTRA TUBE

3233
01:45:07,534 --> 01:45:10,203
OF BLOOD FOR RESEARCH, IT'S

3234
01:45:10,270 --> 01:45:12,406
ALWAYS THE SAME TUBE.

3235
01:45:12,472 --> 01:45:14,041
WE CODE ALL OF OUR SAMPLES TO

3236
01:45:14,107 --> 01:45:15,242
PROTECT PATIENT PRIVACY.

3237
01:45:15,308 --> 01:45:16,743
SO THERE'S A PARTICIPANT I.D.

3238
01:45:16,810 --> 01:45:19,913
THAT IS UNIQUE TO THE FAMILY, SO

3239
01:45:19,980 --> 01:45:23,016
WE CAN TELL WITH THOSE TOGETHER

3240
01:45:23,083 --> 01:45:25,018
WHO BOTH OF THE PARENTS ARE BUT

3241
01:45:25,085 --> 01:45:27,220
ALSO IF YOU ARE ENROLLED IN

3242
01:45:27,287 --> 01:45:28,522
MULTIPLE BIOBANK, SO IF YOU'RE

3243
01:45:28,588 --> 01:45:30,157
AN INFERTILITY PATIENT AND YOU

3244
01:45:30,223 --> 01:45:31,158
BECOME PREGNANT AND LATER ON

3245
01:45:31,224 --> 01:45:32,859
YOU'RE GETTING ANNUAL CARE OR

3246
01:45:32,926 --> 01:45:33,960
YOU WOULD DEVELOP CANCER, YOU

3247
01:45:34,027 --> 01:45:35,929
WOULD ALWAYS HAVE THE SAME

3248
01:45:35,996 --> 01:45:37,230
PARTICIPANT I.D. AND WE CAN TELL

3249
01:45:37,297 --> 01:45:38,832
HOW THOSE SAMPLES GO TOGETHER

3250
01:45:38,899 --> 01:45:41,168
AND THERE'S A EU MEEK CODE

3251
01:45:41,234 --> 01:45:42,602
SHOWING WHICH BANK THOSE SAMPLES

3252
01:45:42,669 --> 01:45:49,009
PLOBELONG TO.

3253
01:45:49,076 --> 01:45:50,444
AFTER WE HAVE APPROVALS,

3254
01:45:50,510 --> 01:45:52,612
RESEARCHERS CAN OBTAIN SAMPLES

3255
01:45:52,679 --> 01:45:54,381
AND THEIR NEEDED CODED CLINICAL

3256
01:45:54,448 --> 01:45:54,581
DATA.

3257
01:45:54,648 --> 01:45:55,749
SO WE PROVIDE ALL OF THE

3258
01:45:55,816 --> 01:45:58,151
CLINICAL DATA TO THEM AND THEY

3259
01:45:58,218 --> 01:46:00,087
DON'T -- WE HAVE IRB APPROVAL AS

3260
01:46:00,153 --> 01:46:01,755
A TISSUE BANK, SO IF THEY JUST

3261
01:46:01,822 --> 01:46:03,090
USE CODED INFORMATION, THEY

3262
01:46:03,156 --> 01:46:05,158
DON'T NEED THEIR OWN IRB

3263
01:46:05,225 --> 01:46:06,760
APPROVAL, THEY CAN GET A HUMAN

3264
01:46:06,827 --> 01:46:07,794
SUBJECTS RESEARCH DETERMINATION,

3265
01:46:07,861 --> 01:46:09,096
WHICH IS MUCH QUICKER THAT

3266
01:46:09,162 --> 01:46:14,034
ALLOWS THEM  US TO GIVE THEM THE

3267
01:46:14,101 --> 01:46:17,771
SAMPLES AND DATA.

3268
01:46:17,838 --> 01:46:18,705
THIS HAS BEEN BENEFICIAL FOR

3269
01:46:18,772 --> 01:46:21,241
OTHER STUDIES THAT NEED PATIENTS

3270
01:46:21,308 --> 01:46:22,576
POSTPARTUM OR STUDIES THAT DON'T

3271
01:46:22,642 --> 01:46:24,644
NEED SAMPLES AS ALL, SURVEYS OR

3272
01:46:24,711 --> 01:46:26,146
THINGS LIKE THAT, OR JUST

3273
01:46:26,213 --> 01:46:26,847
DIFFERENT OPPORTUNITIES THAT

3274
01:46:26,913 --> 01:46:28,348
DON'T REALLY LINE UP WITH THE

3275
01:46:28,415 --> 01:46:29,649
SAMPLES THAT THEY HAVE ALREADY

3276
01:46:29,716 --> 01:46:30,817
LISTED PATIENTS WHO ARE

3277
01:46:30,884 --> 01:46:32,152
INTERESTED IN PARTICIPATING AND

3278
01:46:32,219 --> 01:46:32,919
WHO WE KNOW SOME INFORMATION

3279
01:46:32,986 --> 01:46:35,222
ABOUT SO THEY CAN CONTACT.

3280
01:46:35,288 --> 01:46:39,025
WE HAVE A UNIVERSITY LIMB SYSTEM

3281
01:46:39,092 --> 01:46:43,830
PROVIDED BY THE UNIVERSITY,

3282
01:46:43,897 --> 01:46:44,131
UIBIOSHARE.

3283
01:46:44,197 --> 01:46:45,298
WE ARE ONE OF THE EXECUTIVE

3284
01:46:45,365 --> 01:46:46,199
MEMBERS OF THAT TEAM SO ALL OF

3285
01:46:46,266 --> 01:46:47,834
THE LARGE BIOBANKS ON CAMPUS

3286
01:46:47,901 --> 01:46:49,035
STORE OUR INFORMATION IN HERE.

3287
01:46:49,102 --> 01:46:50,237
THEY GOT TOGETHER WHEN THE

3288
01:46:50,303 --> 01:46:51,571
SYSTEM WAS IMPLEMENTED AND

3289
01:46:51,638 --> 01:46:52,873
DECIDED HOW WE WERE GOING TO

3290
01:46:52,939 --> 01:46:54,474
LABEL SAMPLES, HOW WE WERE GOING

3291
01:46:54,541 --> 01:46:55,542
TO STORE INFORMATION, SO

3292
01:46:55,609 --> 01:46:57,010
EVERYTHING IS DONE THE SAME.

3293
01:46:57,077 --> 01:46:58,545
OUR GROUP DOESN'T SAY

3294
01:46:58,612 --> 01:47:00,080
MALE/FEMALE AND ANOTHER GROUP

3295
01:47:00,147 --> 01:47:02,249
SAYS GIRL/BOY OR 1s AND

3296
01:47:02,315 --> 01:47:02,549
ZEROs.

3297
01:47:02,616 --> 01:47:04,017
IT'S ALL THE SAME SO IT MAKES IT

3298
01:47:04,084 --> 01:47:05,619
EASIER TO FIND SAMPLES ON CAMPUS

3299
01:47:05,685 --> 01:47:06,820
AND WE HAVE COMMON DATA FORMS

3300
01:47:06,887 --> 01:47:07,921
THAT WE ENTER INTO.

3301
01:47:07,988 --> 01:47:10,724
THE UI BIOSHARE SYSTEM LET'S US

3302
01:47:10,791 --> 01:47:12,359
PUT IN INFORMATION ABOUT THE

3303
01:47:12,425 --> 01:47:12,959
PARTICIPANT, IT'S LINKED TO

3304
01:47:13,026 --> 01:47:15,095
THEIR SAMPLES AND CONSENT

3305
01:47:15,162 --> 01:47:15,428
INFORMATION.

3306
01:47:15,495 --> 01:47:17,464
WE ALSO DO COLLABORATE WITH OUR

3307
01:47:17,531 --> 01:47:20,233
TISSUE PROCUREMENT CENTER.

3308
01:47:20,300 --> 01:47:22,169
THAT'S MOSTLY FOR OUR

3309
01:47:22,235 --> 01:47:23,537
GYNECOLOGIC BANKING OR FAMILIAR

3310
01:47:23,603 --> 01:47:25,739
SELLS THAT ARE GOING TO SPES MIN

3311
01:47:25,806 --> 01:47:26,840
CONTROL OR TO PATHOLOGY.

3312
01:47:26,907 --> 01:47:29,643
AND THEN WE PROCESS OUR SAMPLES

3313
01:47:29,709 --> 01:47:30,544
USING STANDARD OPERATING

3314
01:47:30,610 --> 01:47:30,877
PROTOCOLS.

3315
01:47:30,944 --> 01:47:35,248
THEY'RE STORED IN TEMP TRACKED

3316
01:47:35,315 --> 01:47:37,951
FREEZERS AND MONITORED AND WE

3317
01:47:38,018 --> 01:47:45,492
HAVE 24/7 MONITORING.

3318
01:47:45,559 --> 01:47:46,593
OUR INCLUSION CRITERIA RIGHT

3319
01:47:46,660 --> 01:47:48,195
NOW, YOU HAVE TO BE ENGLISH

3320
01:47:48,261 --> 01:47:49,496
SPEAKING BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT OUR

3321
01:47:49,563 --> 01:47:49,930
CONSENTERS SPEAK.

3322
01:47:49,996 --> 01:47:52,632
WE'RE WORKING ON GETTING THAT IN

3323
01:47:52,699 --> 01:47:53,099
DIFFERENT LANGUAGES.

3324
01:47:53,166 --> 01:47:58,004
YOU HAVE TO BE OVER 18.

3325
01:47:58,071 --> 01:47:59,539
14 IN THE -- WE HAVE A CONSENT

3326
01:47:59,606 --> 01:48:00,841
DOCUMENT FOR THAT.

3327
01:48:00,907 --> 01:48:03,343
NON-PRISONERS, BECAUSE IT TAKES

3328
01:48:03,410 --> 01:48:04,311
TIME IF WE HAVE TO GO THROUGH

3329
01:48:04,377 --> 01:48:06,613
THE PRISONER REVIEW BOARD.

3330
01:48:06,680 --> 01:48:07,881
WE GET INFORMED CONSENT FROM ALL

3331
01:48:07,948 --> 01:48:10,851
OF OUR PATIENTS, AND IT SAYS

3332
01:48:10,917 --> 01:48:12,485
THAT THEIR SAMPLES COULD BE USED

3333
01:48:12,552 --> 01:48:13,653
FOR THINGS THAT WE MAY NOT EVEN

3334
01:48:13,720 --> 01:48:14,855
KNOW AND NOT FOR THE FUTURE.

3335
01:48:14,921 --> 01:48:15,856
WE'RE GOING TO COLLABORATE,

3336
01:48:15,922 --> 01:48:17,057
WE'RE GOING TO SHARE THEIR

3337
01:48:17,123 --> 01:48:17,691
SAMPLES.

3338
01:48:17,757 --> 01:48:19,125
SO IT'S A PRETTY BROAD CONSENT

3339
01:48:19,192 --> 01:48:20,327
FOR WHAT WE'RE GOING TO USE IT

3340
01:48:20,393 --> 01:48:20,961
FOR.

3341
01:48:21,027 --> 01:48:23,029
AND EXCLUSION, THEY'RE NOT HIV

3342
01:48:23,096 --> 01:48:23,663
OR HEPATITIS C POSITIVE.

3343
01:48:23,730 --> 01:48:24,764
AND THAT'S REALLY JUST FOR THE

3344
01:48:24,831 --> 01:48:25,866
SAFETY OF THE PEOPLE PROCESSING

3345
01:48:25,932 --> 01:48:31,805
THE SAMPLES.

3346
01:48:31,872 --> 01:48:34,708
OUR SAMPLE COLLECTIONS ARE

3347
01:48:34,774 --> 01:48:36,443
COINCIDENT WITH CLINICAL SAMPLE

3348
01:48:36,509 --> 01:48:37,010
COLLECTIONS.

3349
01:48:37,077 --> 01:48:38,411
OFTEN THEY EVEN FORGET THEY'RE

3350
01:48:38,478 --> 01:48:38,712
ENROLLED.

3351
01:48:38,778 --> 01:48:40,380
WE'RE JUST AN EXTRA TUBE THAT

3352
01:48:40,447 --> 01:48:42,115
THEY THROW ON, IT'S THEIR CORD

3353
01:48:42,182 --> 01:48:43,550
BLOOD AND PLACENTA THAT'S

3354
01:48:43,617 --> 01:48:44,818
NORMALLY DISCARDED BUT IF

3355
01:48:44,885 --> 01:48:46,353
PATIENTS ARE TIRED AND THEY JUST

3356
01:48:46,419 --> 01:48:47,787
ARE LIKE I DON'T WANT TO DO AN

3357
01:48:47,854 --> 01:48:48,722
EXTRA TUBE OF BLOOD TODAY,

3358
01:48:48,788 --> 01:48:49,956
THAT'S FINE, THEY STILL REMAIN

3359
01:48:50,023 --> 01:48:51,558
IN THE STUDY, OR IF PATIENTS

3360
01:48:51,625 --> 01:48:53,493
WANT TO TAKE HOME THEIR PLACENTA

3361
01:48:53,560 --> 01:48:54,928
AND DON'T WANT TO DONATE IT OR

3362
01:48:54,995 --> 01:48:56,229
THEY WANT TO LET US HAVE A PIECE

3363
01:48:56,296 --> 01:48:57,731
AND THEN THEY WANT IT BACK,

3364
01:48:57,797 --> 01:48:58,732
THAT'S ALSO FINE.

3365
01:48:58,798 --> 01:49:00,600
AT THE UNIVERSITY PLACENTAS ARE

3366
01:49:00,667 --> 01:49:01,434
EXCLUDED FROM THE REQUIREMENT TO

3367
01:49:01,501 --> 01:49:03,870
GO TO PATHOLOGY SO THAT MAKES IT

3368
01:49:03,937 --> 01:49:05,538
A BIT EASIER FOR US BUT IF THEY

3369
01:49:05,605 --> 01:49:06,940
DO NEED TO GO, WE HAVE AN

3370
01:49:07,007 --> 01:49:08,475
AGREEMENT WITH PATHOLOGY THAT WE

3371
01:49:08,541 --> 01:49:11,077
WILL TAKE PLA 16 TAS THERE FRESH

3372
01:49:11,144 --> 01:49:12,379
AND THEY WILL LOOK AT THEM RIGHT

3373
01:49:12,445 --> 01:49:12,913
AWAY.

3374
01:49:12,979 --> 01:49:15,015
SO THIS IS JUST DURING DAY TIME

3375
01:49:15,081 --> 01:49:16,416
HOURS FOR PEOPLE IN THE BANK AND

3376
01:49:16,483 --> 01:49:17,717
FOR PEOPLE WHOSE SAM PES HAVE TO

3377
01:49:17,784 --> 01:49:18,585
GO TO PATH.

3378
01:49:18,652 --> 01:49:20,453
SO IT'S VERY FEW SAMPLES A MONTH

3379
01:49:20,520 --> 01:49:21,755
THAT THIS HAPPENS AND THIS WORKS

3380
01:49:21,821 --> 01:49:23,456
OUT JUST FINE FOR US.

3381
01:49:23,523 --> 01:49:25,258
ALL TUMORS GO TO PATHOLOGY AND

3382
01:49:25,325 --> 01:49:26,793
THE TISSUE PROCUREMENT CORE

3383
01:49:26,860 --> 01:49:27,661
RETRIEVES THEM FROM GROSS

3384
01:49:27,727 --> 01:49:30,931
PATHOLOGY FOR THE GYN ONC BANK

3385
01:49:30,997 --> 01:49:32,232
AND THEN WE GET THEM AFTER THAT.

3386
01:49:32,299 --> 01:49:36,369
SO THE SAM P SAMPLES THAT WE CO,

3387
01:49:36,436 --> 01:49:37,037
MATERNAL, PATERNAL BLOOD, WE

3388
01:49:37,103 --> 01:49:39,539
TAKE THAT, WE PROCESS IT INTO

3389
01:49:39,606 --> 01:49:45,512
PLASMA AND ALSO STORE THE --, WE

3390
01:49:45,578 --> 01:49:49,582
COLLECT M MATERNAL URINE IN EACH

3391
01:49:49,649 --> 01:49:50,517
TRIMESTER.

3392
01:49:50,583 --> 01:49:52,953
CORD BLOOD, AND THEN PLAT 16 TA

3393
01:49:53,019 --> 01:49:55,021
WHICH WE STORE BY LAYERS AND WE

3394
01:49:55,088 --> 01:49:56,356
ALSO STORE CORE THICKNESSES AND

3395
01:49:56,423 --> 01:50:00,293
WE STORE THAT IN LIQUID NITROGEN

3396
01:50:00,360 --> 01:50:01,661
AND TUBES.

3397
01:50:01,728 --> 01:50:05,165
WE ALSO COLLECT SEMINAL FLUID,

3398
01:50:05,231 --> 01:50:07,267
FOLLICULAR FLUID, WE GET THE

3399
01:50:07,334 --> 01:50:09,502
TUMOR IN THE NORMAL ADJACENT

3400
01:50:09,569 --> 01:50:09,970
TISSUE.

3401
01:50:10,036 --> 01:50:11,371
THERE ARE SURVEYS WE ASK

3402
01:50:11,438 --> 01:50:12,672
PATIENTS TO FILL OUT AND THEN WE

3403
01:50:12,739 --> 01:50:14,407
GET THE CLINICAL DATA AS WELL.

3404
01:50:14,474 --> 01:50:16,910
WE DID PUBLISH THIS IN 2014.

3405
01:50:16,977 --> 01:50:19,312
SO FOR THE SAMPLE PROCESSING I

3406
01:50:19,379 --> 01:50:20,413
MENTIONED WE COLLECT PERIPHERAL

3407
01:50:20,480 --> 01:50:22,182
BLOOD AND ACROSS ALL OF THE

3408
01:50:22,248 --> 01:50:23,149
BANKS WE COLLECT THE BLOOD IN

3409
01:50:23,216 --> 01:50:24,517
THE SAME TUBE SO IF WE ARE

3410
01:50:24,584 --> 01:50:26,219
LOOKING AT PRE OR POST PREGNANCY

3411
01:50:26,286 --> 01:50:27,921
SAMPLE FROM A DIFFERENT BANK, IT

3412
01:50:27,988 --> 01:50:29,322
WAS COLLECTED IN THE SAME TUBE

3413
01:50:29,389 --> 01:50:30,457
AND PROCESSED THE SAME WAY.

3414
01:50:30,523 --> 01:50:33,626
WE USE THE ACDA TUBE WHICH IS A

3415
01:50:33,693 --> 01:50:35,362
CITRATED TUBE, NOT AS COMMON FOR

3416
01:50:35,428 --> 01:50:36,463
PEOPLE BUT WE CHOSE THAT BECAUSE

3417
01:50:36,529 --> 01:50:38,098
IT STORES THE EX-SOMES WELL, WE

3418
01:50:38,164 --> 01:50:40,467
CAN GET THE PLASMA, THE -- CODE

3419
01:50:40,533 --> 01:50:41,334
OUT OF THE SAME TUBE.

3420
01:50:41,401 --> 01:50:43,236
WE WORKED WITH BD WHEN WE MADE

3421
01:50:43,303 --> 01:50:44,337
THAT SAMPLE CHOICE.

3422
01:50:44,404 --> 01:50:46,940
WE WERE GS GOING EDTA FOR

3423
01:50:47,007 --> 01:50:48,341
MOLECULAR STUDIES LATER ON.

3424
01:50:48,408 --> 01:50:52,379
WE KEEP THE PLAT MA -- WE MAKE

3425
01:50:52,445 --> 01:50:53,680
ALIQUOTS RIGHT AWAY.

3426
01:50:53,747 --> 01:50:55,749
IN OUR BIOSHARE SYSTEM, WE CAN

3427
01:50:55,815 --> 01:50:57,083
TELL EVERYTHING HAS A BARCODE

3428
01:50:57,150 --> 01:50:58,918
AND EACH ALIQUOT HAS A BARCODE

3429
01:50:58,985 --> 01:51:00,787
AND WE KNOW WHAT PARENTAL

3430
01:51:00,854 --> 01:51:02,022
SAMPLE, WHAT ORIGINAL SAMPLE IT

3431
01:51:02,088 --> 01:51:03,590
CAME FROM, WHO PROCESSED IT,

3432
01:51:03,656 --> 01:51:04,791
WHEN IT WAS COLLECTED, WHEN IT

3433
01:51:04,858 --> 01:51:06,092
WAS PROCESSED, WHO STORED IT,

3434
01:51:06,159 --> 01:51:08,061
ALL OF THE DETAILS ABOUT IT, AND

3435
01:51:08,128 --> 01:51:09,896
IF IT WAS BLOODY OR SOMETHING

3436
01:51:09,963 --> 01:51:11,231
LIKE THAT, WE MAKE NOTES ABOUT

3437
01:51:11,297 --> 01:51:11,798
IT THERE.

3438
01:51:11,865 --> 01:51:13,733
ALL OF THE SAMPLES ARE STORED AT

3439
01:51:13,800 --> 01:51:15,268
MINUS 80 IN TUBES WITH O-RINGS,

3440
01:51:15,335 --> 01:51:17,537
AND WE STORE THE CELLS PROVIDED

3441
01:51:17,604 --> 01:51:20,073
IN LIQUID NIGHT GIN.

3442
01:51:20,140 --> 01:51:20,740
NITROGEN.

3443
01:51:20,807 --> 01:51:22,609
THE URINE IS EXTRA FROM CLINICAL

3444
01:51:22,675 --> 01:51:24,210
SAMPLES, WE'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO

3445
01:51:24,277 --> 01:51:25,912
ASK FOR EXTRA IF THEY DON'T GET

3446
01:51:25,979 --> 01:51:28,048
ONE IN A TRIMESTER, WE ALIQUOT

3447
01:51:28,114 --> 01:51:30,817
THAT AS WELL AND STORE IT AT

3448
01:51:30,884 --> 01:51:31,351
MINUS 80.

3449
01:51:31,418 --> 01:51:34,754
FOLLICULAR FLUID NORMALLY

3450
01:51:34,821 --> 01:51:35,722
DISCARDED -- AND THE PELLETS AND

3451
01:51:35,789 --> 01:51:38,024
WE STORE THOSE.

3452
01:51:38,091 --> 01:51:39,659
UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, WE PROCESS

3453
01:51:39,726 --> 01:51:41,194
THAT, THAT'S COLLECTED IN THE

3454
01:51:41,261 --> 01:51:42,162
CORD BLOOK COLLECTION BAG.

3455
01:51:42,228 --> 01:51:44,230
IN THE PLACENTA, SOMETHING

3456
01:51:44,297 --> 01:51:45,165
THAT'S NORMALLY DISCARDED, WE

3457
01:51:45,231 --> 01:51:46,633
STORE BY LAYERS.

3458
01:51:46,699 --> 01:51:48,368
IN THE TUMOR, THE CLINICAL

3459
01:51:48,435 --> 01:51:50,003
SAMPLES ARE TAKEN FIRST AND THEN

3460
01:51:50,070 --> 01:51:51,938
WE STORE THAT IN LIQUID

3461
01:51:52,005 --> 01:51:52,205
NITROGEN.

3462
01:51:52,272 --> 01:51:53,506
AS I MENTIONED WE ALSO GET

3463
01:51:53,573 --> 01:51:54,707
SURVEYS FROM PARTICIPANTS.

3464
01:51:54,774 --> 01:51:56,876
WE ALSO HAVE A REALLY HIGH

3465
01:51:56,943 --> 01:51:57,877
PARTICIPANT SURVEY RETURN RATE.

3466
01:51:57,944 --> 01:52:00,246
IT'S WELL OVER 80% IN THE FIRST

3467
01:52:00,313 --> 01:52:01,114
TRIMESTER AND IF THEY RETURN

3468
01:52:01,181 --> 01:52:02,882
THEM IN THE FIRST, THEN IT'S

3469
01:52:02,949 --> 01:52:04,551
OVER 90 FOR THE SECOND AND THIRD

3470
01:52:04,617 --> 01:52:04,918
TRIMESTER.

3471
01:52:04,984 --> 01:52:06,586
WE ASK THEM ABOUT THEIR

3472
01:52:06,653 --> 01:52:08,555
EDUCATION, MARITAL STA TURKS

3473
01:52:08,621 --> 01:52:09,722
INCOME, SMOKING AND VAPING.

3474
01:52:09,789 --> 01:52:11,257
THAT IS TO GET MORE TEE TAILS

3475
01:52:11,324 --> 01:52:12,592
THAN WHAT IS CURRENTLY COLLECTED

3476
01:52:12,659 --> 01:52:12,992
CLINICALLY.

3477
01:52:13,059 --> 01:52:14,861
WE HAVE SOME COVID QUESTIONS

3478
01:52:14,928 --> 01:52:15,628
ABOUT EFFECTS TO THEIR

3479
01:52:15,695 --> 01:52:15,962
PREGNANCY.

3480
01:52:16,029 --> 01:52:17,263
WE'RE ALSO ASKING ABOUT

3481
01:52:17,330 --> 01:52:18,465
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE, AND

3482
01:52:18,531 --> 01:52:20,533
THEIR DRINKING WATER SOURCE.

3483
01:52:20,600 --> 01:52:21,835
THAT THEY'RE USING AT HOME.

3484
01:52:21,901 --> 01:52:23,036
THEN IN THE WELL WOMAN BANK, WE

3485
01:52:23,103 --> 01:52:24,804
HAVE QUALITY OF LIFE SURVEYS,

3486
01:52:24,871 --> 01:52:27,507
MOSTLY ABOUT OVERACTIVE BLADDER

3487
01:52:27,574 --> 01:52:29,042
SYMPTOMS.

3488
01:52:29,109 --> 01:52:30,477
WE DO SHARE OUR SAMPLES.

3489
01:52:30,543 --> 01:52:31,845
THEY'RE NOT JUST USED AT THE

3490
01:52:31,911 --> 01:52:32,545
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA.

3491
01:52:32,612 --> 01:52:33,880
WE HAVE TEEFERL TRANSFER

3492
01:52:33,947 --> 01:52:35,381
AGREEMENTS WITH DATA USE

3493
01:52:35,448 --> 01:52:35,715
AGREEMENTS.

3494
01:52:35,782 --> 01:52:37,117
YOU HAVE TO AGREE TO BE THE END

3495
01:52:37,183 --> 01:52:38,318
USER AND THAT YOU WON'T BE

3496
01:52:38,384 --> 01:52:39,119
PASSING ON THE SAMPLES.

3497
01:52:39,185 --> 01:52:41,154
WE WORK WITH OUR UI DIVISION OF

3498
01:52:41,221 --> 01:52:42,689
SPONSORED PROGRAMS AND THEY KNOW

3499
01:52:42,755 --> 01:52:43,990
OUR SYSTEM NOW SO IT DOESN'T

3500
01:52:44,057 --> 01:52:44,991
USUALLY TAKE THAT LONG.

3501
01:52:45,058 --> 01:52:46,726
WE DO HAVE TO GO THROUGH DATA

3502
01:52:46,793 --> 01:52:47,694
GOVERNANCE APPROVAL IF WE'RE

3503
01:52:47,760 --> 01:52:49,129
SENDING OUT CLINICAL DATA

3504
01:52:49,195 --> 01:52:50,430
BECAUSE ANYTHING GENERATED IN

3505
01:52:50,497 --> 01:52:52,499
OUR MEDICAL RECORD NEEDS THAT

3506
01:52:52,565 --> 01:52:53,366
APPROVAL.

3507
01:52:53,433 --> 01:52:54,467
THEN OUR COLLABORATORS RECEIVE

3508
01:52:54,534 --> 01:52:56,302
CODED SAMPLES WITH THE

3509
01:52:56,369 --> 01:52:56,970
CORRESPONDING CODED CLINICAL

3510
01:52:57,036 --> 01:53:00,039
INFORMATION.

3511
01:53:00,106 --> 01:53:01,674
SO WE HAVE FOUND THAT OUR BANKS

3512
01:53:01,741 --> 01:53:03,409
REALLY ARE FULFILLING NEEDS IN

3513
01:53:03,476 --> 01:53:04,811
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH SO JUST

3514
01:53:04,878 --> 01:53:06,146
LOOKING AT THE PERINATAL FAMILY

3515
01:53:06,212 --> 01:53:08,114
TISSUE BANK, OUR PREGNANCY BANK

3516
01:53:08,181 --> 01:53:11,284
AS AN EXAMPLE, THERE'S ALMOST

3517
01:53:11,351 --> 01:53:12,252
7500 MATERNAL CHILD PAIRS.

3518
01:53:12,318 --> 01:53:13,987
WE CONSENT ON AVERAGE ABOUT 70

3519
01:53:14,053 --> 01:53:15,522
PEOPLE A MONTH TO THIS AND ABOUT

3520
01:53:15,588 --> 01:53:17,824
87% OF THE PEOPLE WE APPROACH

3521
01:53:17,891 --> 01:53:18,291
CONSENT.

3522
01:53:18,358 --> 01:53:19,459
WE HAVE MULTIPLE CLINICS THAT WE

3523
01:53:19,526 --> 01:53:21,194
HAVE TO COVER SO WE TRY TO GET

3524
01:53:21,261 --> 01:53:22,729
TO EVERY PATIENT AS SOON AS

3525
01:53:22,795 --> 01:53:22,996
POSSIBLE.

3526
01:53:23,062 --> 01:53:24,931
WE HAVE A CONFIRMATION TO

3527
01:53:24,998 --> 01:53:25,899
PREGNANCY APPOINTMENT THAT

3528
01:53:25,965 --> 01:53:27,767
OCCURS BETWEEN 6 TO 10 WEEKS

3529
01:53:27,834 --> 01:53:29,636
THAT WE TRY TO APPROACH AT OR

3530
01:53:29,702 --> 01:53:31,604
ELSE WE GO TO THEIR NEW OB

3531
01:53:31,671 --> 01:53:32,071
VISIT.

3532
01:53:32,138 --> 01:53:34,541
WE HAVE OVER 120,000 ALIQUOTS.

3533
01:53:34,607 --> 01:53:35,942
THESE SAMPLES HAVE BEEN USED IN

3534
01:53:36,009 --> 01:53:37,810
STUDYS THAT RANGE FROM

3535
01:53:37,877 --> 01:53:39,312
PREECLAMPSIA TO SUICIDE IDEATION

3536
01:53:39,379 --> 01:53:41,080
TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, GROUP

3537
01:53:41,147 --> 01:53:47,520
B STREP, SMN, NEURODEVELOPMENTAL

3538
01:53:47,587 --> 01:53:48,721
DISORDERS, AS PRIN.

3539
01:53:48,788 --> 01:53:51,457
REALLY A WIDE RANGE OF STUDIES.

3540
01:53:51,524 --> 01:53:56,362
OVER 150 PROJECTS  PROJECTS.

3541
01:53:56,429 --> 01:53:57,397
BUT HAVING SAMPLES IS ONLY ONE

3542
01:53:57,463 --> 01:53:58,131
HALF OF WHAT YOU NEED.

3543
01:53:58,198 --> 01:53:59,766
YOU REALLY NEED DEEP CLINICAL

3544
01:53:59,832 --> 01:54:01,734
DATA ABOUT THESE SAMPLES AND SO

3545
01:54:01,801 --> 01:54:03,469
WE WORK TO DEVELOP THE

3546
01:54:03,536 --> 01:54:04,804
INTERGENERATIONAL HEALTH

3547
01:54:04,871 --> 01:54:06,539
KNOWLEDGE BASE, THAT MARK WILL

3548
01:54:06,606 --> 01:54:09,943
TALK ABOUT.

3549
01:54:10,009 --> 01:54:10,710
>> HI.

3550
01:54:10,777 --> 01:54:11,644
AGAIN, THANK YOU FOR THE

3551
01:54:11,711 --> 01:54:12,745
ORGANIZERS FOR INVITING US TO

3552
01:54:12,812 --> 01:54:13,613
TALK ABOUT SOME OF THESE

3553
01:54:13,680 --> 01:54:14,781
RESOURCES WE HAVE AT THE

3554
01:54:14,847 --> 01:54:17,750
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA.

3555
01:54:17,817 --> 01:54:19,419
SO BIOSAMPLES WITHOUT KIND OF

3556
01:54:19,485 --> 01:54:20,720
HIGH RESOLUTION CLINICAL DATA IS

3557
01:54:20,787 --> 01:54:22,422
NOT AS HELPFUL AND SO ONE OF THE

3558
01:54:22,488 --> 01:54:25,858
THINGS THAT SOMEONE BROUGHT UP

3559
01:54:25,925 --> 01:54:28,695
EARLIER IS THIS IDEA OF A

3560
01:54:28,761 --> 01:54:30,196
SINGULAR ID THAT LINKS MOM AND

3561
01:54:30,263 --> 01:54:31,097
BABY DATA AND I THINK THAT'S

3562
01:54:31,164 --> 01:54:34,267
PART OF THE POWER OF THIS

3563
01:54:34,334 --> 01:54:35,034
INTERGENERATIONAL HEALTH

3564
01:54:35,101 --> 01:54:35,568
KNOWLEDGE DATABASE.

3565
01:54:35,635 --> 01:54:38,771
SO THE IHK IS AN INTEGRATED

3566
01:54:38,838 --> 01:54:41,608
INFORMATION DATA MART THAT TAKES

3567
01:54:41,674 --> 01:54:47,080
EVERYTHING IN OUR EH R AND PUTS

3568
01:54:47,146 --> 01:54:49,349
IT INTO A SINGULAR -- WHAT WE

3569
01:54:49,415 --> 01:54:53,720
CALL OBDR, TO A COMMON SEMANTIC

3570
01:54:53,786 --> 01:54:55,588
LAYER USING VERY STANDARDIZED

3571
01:54:55,655 --> 01:55:00,093
VOCABULARIES LIKE ICD10 CODES,

3572
01:55:00,159 --> 01:55:01,160
LOINC CODES, TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA

3573
01:55:01,227 --> 01:55:02,595
OF WHAT THIS WHOLE ARCHITECTURE

3574
01:55:02,662 --> 01:55:02,929
LOOKS LIKE.

3575
01:55:02,996 --> 01:55:05,431
IF YOU LOOK AT THE LEFT MOST SET

3576
01:55:05,498 --> 01:55:07,300
OF COLUMNS, THESE ARE YOUR

3577
01:55:07,367 --> 01:55:08,501
EXTERNAL DATA SOURCES, WHETHER

3578
01:55:08,568 --> 01:55:14,073
IT'S EMIK  EPIC OR EHR OR EXTERL

3579
01:55:14,140 --> 01:55:16,242
EHRS, REDCAP, BIOSAMPLES, WHAT

3580
01:55:16,309 --> 01:55:18,011
HAVE YOU, THAT GETS FED INTO OUR

3581
01:55:18,077 --> 01:55:19,445
SYSTEM AND ALL OF THAT DATA GOES

3582
01:55:19,512 --> 01:55:20,747
INTO WITHIN THE HEALTHCARE

3583
01:55:20,813 --> 01:55:24,584
ENTITY, SO IT'S ALL I

3584
01:55:24,651 --> 01:55:25,551
HIPAA-COMPLIANT THAT GOES INTO A

3585
01:55:25,618 --> 01:55:27,420
COMMON SEMANTIC LAYER INTO THESE

3586
01:55:27,487 --> 01:55:28,655
INTEGRATED STRUCTURES, WHETHER

3587
01:55:28,721 --> 01:55:31,057
IT'S PATIENT DEMOGRAPHIC

3588
01:55:31,124 --> 01:55:35,428
INTEGRATED DATA, SCRIPTS, LABS,

3589
01:55:35,495 --> 01:55:36,462
PRETTY MUCH ANYTHING YOU THINK

3590
01:55:36,529 --> 01:55:40,099
YOU WOULD NEED OUT OF YOUR EHR.

3591
01:55:40,166 --> 01:55:41,834
AS WE ARE CURRENTLY APPLYING FOR

3592
01:55:41,901 --> 01:55:43,269
FUNDING TO GET THAT OUT OF THOSE

3593
01:55:43,336 --> 01:55:44,570
SEMANTIC LAYERS TO PUT INTO SOME

3594
01:55:44,637 --> 01:55:50,143
OF OUR NETWORKS, LIKE OMOP AND

3595
01:55:50,209 --> 01:55:51,577
FIRE, SO YOU HAVE THESE

3596
01:55:51,644 --> 01:55:53,746
INTEGRATED DATA STRUCTURES THAT

3597
01:55:53,813 --> 01:55:55,748
ARE -- THAT FORM THESE

3598
01:55:55,815 --> 01:55:59,552
TRANSFORMATIVE DATASETS.

3599
01:55:59,619 --> 01:56:02,088
THE IHK IS THE FIRST OF THOSE AT

3600
01:56:02,155 --> 01:56:03,389
THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA, BUT WHEN

3601
01:56:03,456 --> 01:56:04,590
YOU'VE GOT A GOOD IDEA, THEY

3602
01:56:04,657 --> 01:56:08,528
TEND TO METASTASIZE, SO THERE

3603
01:56:08,594 --> 01:56:10,363
ARE OTHER INTEGRATIVE

3604
01:56:10,430 --> 01:56:11,164
TRANSFORMATIVE DATASETS THAT ARE

3605
01:56:11,230 --> 01:56:12,265
HAPPENING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

3606
01:56:12,332 --> 01:56:15,535
IOWA, WHETHER IT'S PSYCHIATRY,

3607
01:56:15,601 --> 01:56:18,037
NEUROSCIENCE OR WHAT YOU HAVE.

3608
01:56:18,104 --> 01:56:19,972
THOSE DATASETS ARE KIND OF

3609
01:56:20,039 --> 01:56:21,107
LEGISLATED OVER BY DOMAIN

3610
01:56:21,174 --> 01:56:22,642
EXPERTS THAT FEED INTO THE BMI,

3611
01:56:22,709 --> 01:56:27,780
WHICH IS THE BIOINFORMATICS

3612
01:56:27,847 --> 01:56:32,251
THEME AT OUR ICTS.

3613
01:56:32,318 --> 01:56:34,120
SO DONNA AND I FOR OB-GYN ARE

3614
01:56:34,187 --> 01:56:36,322
THE DOMAIN EXPERTS TO HELP FORM

3615
01:56:36,389 --> 01:56:38,091
THOSE DATASETS AND BETA TEST A

3616
01:56:38,157 --> 01:56:42,895
LOT OF THOSE VERY SPECIFIC

3617
01:56:42,962 --> 01:56:43,996
VARIABLES TO MAKE SURE THAT IF

3618
01:56:44,063 --> 01:56:45,932
YOU'RE GETTING APGARS AT FIVE

3619
01:56:45,998 --> 01:56:48,134
MINUTES, THAT IT'S TRULY THE

3620
01:56:48,201 --> 01:56:49,435
APGAR AT FIVE MINUTES.

3621
01:56:49,502 --> 01:56:51,504
THERE IS A CLEAR GOVERNANCE

3622
01:56:51,571 --> 01:56:54,907
REVIEW PROCESS, AND THEN THIS IS

3623
01:56:54,974 --> 01:56:56,876
AVAILABLE TO RESEARCHERS NOT

3624
01:56:56,943 --> 01:56:58,611
ONLY INTERNALLY BUT EXTERNALLY

3625
01:56:58,678 --> 01:57:00,179
AND ONE OF THE POWERS THAT WE

3626
01:57:00,246 --> 01:57:01,681
HAVE EMPLOYED AT THE UNIVERSITY

3627
01:57:01,748 --> 01:57:03,683
OF IOWA IS THAT A LOT OF THIS

3628
01:57:03,750 --> 01:57:06,185
DATA SITS IN A PROTECTED DATA

3629
01:57:06,252 --> 01:57:08,287
ENCLAVE, SO RESEARCHERS CAN USE

3630
01:57:08,354 --> 01:57:09,655
HIGH PERFORMANCE DATA COMPUTING

3631
01:57:09,722 --> 01:57:12,325
TOOLS TO GET INTO THIS DATA

3632
01:57:12,392 --> 01:57:14,494
ENCLAVE IN A VERY HIPAA

3633
01:57:14,560 --> 01:57:16,929
COMPLIANT WAY IN ORDER TO DO

3634
01:57:16,996 --> 01:57:20,199
SOME HIGH -- TO DO A LOT OF

3635
01:57:20,266 --> 01:57:21,601
ANALYSES, FOR EXAMPLE, WE'VE

3636
01:57:21,667 --> 01:57:23,903
DONE A.I. USING A LOT OF OUR EHR

3637
01:57:23,970 --> 01:57:25,004
DATA.

3638
01:57:25,071 --> 01:57:29,842
THERE ARE ABOUT 77,000 EPISODES

3639
01:57:29,909 --> 01:57:33,446
IN OUR IHK.

3640
01:57:33,513 --> 01:57:36,048
ALL THE INBORN CHILDREN, THERE'S

3641
01:57:36,115 --> 01:57:37,216
ABOUT 10,000 BABIES, ALL

3642
01:57:37,283 --> 01:57:38,050
CHILDREN TRANSFERRED UP TO 30

3643
01:57:38,117 --> 01:57:40,286
DAYS OF LIFE, WE'VE GOT 44,000

3644
01:57:40,353 --> 01:57:40,820
BABIES.

3645
01:57:40,887 --> 01:57:42,121
THIS IS UP DATED WEEKLY, AND WE

3646
01:57:42,188 --> 01:57:45,158
AS USERS ARE TRAINED DATA

3647
01:57:45,224 --> 01:57:47,026
LIAISONS AND ACCESS THE HONEST

3648
01:57:47,093 --> 01:57:48,027
BROKERS FOR PEOPLE THAT WANT TO

3649
01:57:48,094 --> 01:57:50,196
DUSE THAT.

3650
01:57:50,263 --> 01:57:52,965
WE HAVE AN IRB-APPROVED FILTER.

3651
01:57:53,032 --> 01:57:56,569
DONNA AND I DO NOT KNOW HOW TO

3652
01:57:56,636 --> 01:57:58,404
USE SEQUEL DATABASE, WE ARE NOT

3653
01:57:58,471 --> 01:57:59,205
PROGRAMMERS BUT TO GET ALL OF

3654
01:57:59,272 --> 01:58:00,740
THIS DATA, WE HAVE WORKED WITH

3655
01:58:00,807 --> 01:58:03,876
OUR BMI GROUP TO DO SOMETHING

3656
01:58:03,943 --> 01:58:05,545
LIKE THIS, WHERE WE COULD

3657
01:58:05,611 --> 01:58:07,380
LITERALLY JUST PUT IN THE ICD10

3658
01:58:07,447 --> 01:58:08,581
CODE FOR ANYTHING AND

3659
01:58:08,648 --> 01:58:09,649
WITHIN SECONDS, I CAN GET

3660
01:58:09,715 --> 01:58:12,118
EVERYONE WHO HAS PREECLAMPSIA OR

3661
01:58:12,185 --> 01:58:13,786
WHATEVER ICD10 CODE I COME UP

3662
01:58:13,853 --> 01:58:14,187
WITH.

3663
01:58:14,253 --> 01:58:15,788
THESE VARIABLES ARE VERY

3664
01:58:15,855 --> 01:58:16,055
DYNAMIC.

3665
01:58:16,122 --> 01:58:19,025
WE STARTED OFF WITH EVERYTHING,

3666
01:58:19,091 --> 01:58:20,326
AND THEN PEOPLE WANT NEW THINGS

3667
01:58:20,393 --> 01:58:25,231
THAT WE HAVEN'T FOUND LIKE THE

3668
01:58:25,298 --> 01:58:26,766
HQ9 NOW THAT'S IN OUR DATA MART,

3669
01:58:26,833 --> 01:58:28,401
SO WITH EVERY NEW STUDY, WE'RE

3670
01:58:28,468 --> 01:58:33,439
ABLE TO CHANGE THE DATA MART.

3671
01:58:33,506 --> 01:58:35,107
IF YOU'RE INTERESTED IN GETTING

3672
01:58:35,174 --> 01:58:38,444
DATA, THERE'S DONNA'S EMAIL

3673
01:58:38,511 --> 01:58:39,679
ADDRESS BUT WE HAVE A LOT OF

3674
01:58:39,745 --> 01:58:40,847
ONLINE POSSIBILITIES IN ORDER TO

3675
01:58:40,913 --> 01:58:41,981
CONTACT US WITH REGARD TO

3676
01:58:42,048 --> 01:58:43,516
GETTING SAMPLES AND/OR DATA.

3677
01:58:43,583 --> 01:58:51,824
THANK YOU.

3678
01:58:51,891 --> 01:58:53,459
>> OUR NEXT TALK IS OUR LAST

3679
01:58:53,526 --> 01:58:57,964
TALK FOR THIS SESSION, IT'S ON

3680
01:58:58,030 --> 01:59:00,800
HUGEAMP ON PREGNANCY TRAITS BY

3681
01:59:00,867 --> 01:59:03,503
DRS. NOEL BURTT AND JASON

3682
01:59:03,569 --> 01:59:08,774
FLANNICK FROM THE BROAD

3683
01:59:08,841 --> 01:59:19,018
INSTITUTE.

3684
01:59:26,859 --> 01:59:28,060
>> GOOD MORNING.

3685
01:59:28,127 --> 01:59:29,562
WE'RE EXCITED TO BE HERE AS

3686
01:59:29,629 --> 01:59:32,198
HUMAN GENETICISTS WHO

3687
01:59:32,265 --> 01:59:35,935
PREDOMINANTLY STUDY -- REALLY AN

3688
01:59:36,002 --> 01:59:37,169
EDUCATIONAL TOUR FOR US, I

3689
01:59:37,236 --> 01:59:37,904
ACTUALLY HAVE ALREADY LEARNED

3690
01:59:37,970 --> 01:59:38,871
STUFF THIS MORNING AND I'M

3691
01:59:38,938 --> 01:59:39,972
REALLY EXCITED FOR TODAY'S

3692
01:59:40,039 --> 01:59:40,873
CONVERSATION LATER ON.

3693
01:59:40,940 --> 01:59:42,275
WE'RE GOING TO START TALKING TO

3694
01:59:42,341 --> 01:59:43,476
YOU ABOUT IS AN EARLY STAGE

3695
01:59:43,543 --> 01:59:45,111
KNOWLEDGE PORTAL FOR GENETICS

3696
01:59:45,177 --> 01:59:46,646
AND GENOMICS OF PREGNANCY

3697
01:59:46,712 --> 01:59:47,313
TRAITS.

3698
01:59:47,380 --> 01:59:48,314
FIRST WANT TO SET THE STAGE A

3699
01:59:48,381 --> 01:59:58,925
LITTLE BIT WITH WHY WE DO THIS.

3700
02:00:00,793 --> 02:00:02,161
WE BUILD KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES FOR

3701
02:00:02,228 --> 02:00:02,628
COMMON DISEASE.

3702
02:00:02,695 --> 02:00:03,796
WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT FOLKS

3703
02:00:03,863 --> 02:00:05,031
WHO ARE NOT EXPERTS IN THAT

3704
02:00:05,097 --> 02:00:06,666
DOMAIN CAN HAVE ACCESS TO THOSE

3705
02:00:06,732 --> 02:00:07,867
RESULTS AND DATA IN A WAY THAT

3706
02:00:07,934 --> 02:00:09,201
IS USEFUL TO THEM.

3707
02:00:09,268 --> 02:00:11,938
WHY DOES THAT MATTER?

3708
02:00:12,004 --> 02:00:15,107
WELL, HUMAN GENETICS HAS HAD

3709
02:00:15,174 --> 02:00:16,676
QUITE AN INCREDIBLE SORT OF

3710
02:00:16,742 --> 02:00:17,710
GOLDEN AGE IN THE PAST 10 YEARS.

3711
02:00:17,777 --> 02:00:19,912
IF YOU LOOK AT EACH ONE OF THESE

3712
02:00:19,979 --> 02:00:22,214
SPOTS IT'S A GENOME WIDE

3713
02:00:22,281 --> 02:00:23,549
SIGNIFICANT LOCUS FOR COMMON

3714
02:00:23,616 --> 02:00:23,983
DISEASE.

3715
02:00:24,050 --> 02:00:25,284
IF YOU STUDY THESE IT WOULD TAKE

3716
02:00:25,351 --> 02:00:25,985
A LIFETIME.

3717
02:00:26,052 --> 02:00:26,919
SO PRETTY COMPLICATED FOR THE

3718
02:00:26,986 --> 02:00:28,554
AVERAGE INVESTIGATOR OR SOMEONE

3719
02:00:28,621 --> 02:00:31,190
IN AN INDUSTRY SETTING TO SAY

3720
02:00:31,257 --> 02:00:33,626
WHICH GENE SHOULD I STUDY AS

3721
02:00:33,693 --> 02:00:34,627
WAY.

3722
02:00:34,694 --> 02:00:35,528
MOREOVER, THESE ARE REGIONS OF

3723
02:00:35,595 --> 02:00:37,029
THE GENOME THAT MAY CONTAIN

3724
02:00:37,096 --> 02:00:37,897
MULTIPLE GENES FOR A PARTICULAR

3725
02:00:37,964 --> 02:00:38,230
DISEASE.

3726
02:00:38,297 --> 02:00:40,399
SO WADING THROUGH THESE, YOU'D

3727
02:00:40,466 --> 02:00:42,602
TAKE A LIFETIME.

3728
02:00:42,668 --> 02:00:44,704
SO WE ATTEMPT TO TRY TO MAKE A

3729
02:00:44,770 --> 02:00:46,439
RESOURCE THAT ALLOWS YOU TO MAKE

3730
02:00:46,505 --> 02:00:48,407
THOSE RESOURCE, EVEN IF YOU WERE

3731
02:00:48,474 --> 02:00:50,576
AN EXPERT AS A HUMAN GENETICIST

3732
02:00:50,643 --> 02:00:51,477
AND WANT TO PICK A LIST OF

3733
02:00:51,544 --> 02:00:52,678
TARGET GENES TO STUDY FOR YOUR

3734
02:00:52,745 --> 02:00:53,679
FAVORITE DISEASE OR WANT TO

3735
02:00:53,746 --> 02:00:55,848
WEIGH EVIDENCE FOR WHAT YOUR

3736
02:00:55,915 --> 02:00:57,183
FAVORITE GENE'S ROLE IS IN HUMAN

3737
02:00:57,249 --> 02:00:58,718
DISEASE YOU'D HAVE TO GO TO PUT

3738
02:00:58,784 --> 02:01:00,886
IN PEL DATABASES DOWNLOAD ALL

3739
02:01:00,953 --> 02:01:02,455
THE DAY TA RUN A META-ANALYSIS

3740
02:01:02,521 --> 02:01:03,956
YOURSELF, DO SOME LITERATURE

3741
02:01:04,023 --> 02:01:06,592
SEARCHES, UNDERSTAND MODEL

3742
02:01:06,659 --> 02:01:07,693
SYSTEM DATABASE, WHAT THAT TBEEN

3743
02:01:07,760 --> 02:01:09,128
IS INVOLVED IN, PULL ALL THIS

3744
02:01:09,195 --> 02:01:09,895
INFORMATION TOGETHER AND YOU'RE

3745
02:01:09,962 --> 02:01:10,730
PRETTY TIRED AT THE END.

3746
02:01:10,796 --> 02:01:11,764
SO OUR GOAL IS TO MAKE THIS

3747
02:01:11,831 --> 02:01:12,865
EASIER FOR YOU.

3748
02:01:12,932 --> 02:01:17,036
WE STARTED WITH THIS MANY YEARS

3749
02:01:17,103 --> 02:01:20,139
AGO IN THE TYPE 2 DIABETES

3750
02:01:20,206 --> 02:01:20,673
GENETICS WORLD.

3751
02:01:20,740 --> 02:01:22,742
WE WERE LU KE ENOUGH TO BE THE

3752
02:01:22,808 --> 02:01:25,711
DATA COORDINATING CENTER FOR THE

3753
02:01:25,778 --> 02:01:25,978
COMMUNITY.

3754
02:01:26,045 --> 02:01:27,279
WE WORKED WITH EXPERTS IN

3755
02:01:27,346 --> 02:01:29,248
GENETICS AND DIABETES AS A TRAIT

3756
02:01:29,315 --> 02:01:30,750
AND RELATED TRAITS AS WELL TO

3757
02:01:30,816 --> 02:01:33,619
TRY AND MAKE A RESOURCE TO MAKE

3758
02:01:33,686 --> 02:01:34,387
THESE RESULTS ACCESSIBLE TO

3759
02:01:34,453 --> 02:01:35,688
FOLKS WHO ACTUALLY CAN MAKE

3760
02:01:35,755 --> 02:01:37,323
DECISIONS ABOUT PREDICTION,

3761
02:01:37,390 --> 02:01:38,758
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FROM

3762
02:01:38,824 --> 02:01:45,798
THE JE GENETIC STUDIES.

3763
02:01:45,865 --> 02:01:48,100
THIS IS THE KNOWLEDGE PORTAL FOR

3764
02:01:48,167 --> 02:01:48,534
TYPE 2 DIABETES.

3765
02:01:48,601 --> 02:01:51,070
THE ANIMATION IS GOING A LITTLE

3766
02:01:51,137 --> 02:01:54,640
SLOW.

3767
02:01:54,707 --> 02:01:55,975
THIS LED TO THIS PUBLICATION BUT

3768
02:01:56,042 --> 02:01:57,743
THIS HAS EXPANDED OVER THE PAST

3769
02:01:57,810 --> 02:02:00,346
COUPLE YEARS TO THE COMMON

3770
02:02:00,413 --> 02:02:01,380
METABOLIC DISEASE KNOWLEDGE

3771
02:02:01,447 --> 02:02:01,614
PORTAL.

3772
02:02:01,681 --> 02:02:03,215
THE HALLMARK OF THIS IS IT IS A

3773
02:02:03,282 --> 02:02:04,417
PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP BUT

3774
02:02:04,483 --> 02:02:06,385
WHAT'S REALLY CRITICAL IS WE'RE

3775
02:02:06,452 --> 02:02:07,086
WORKING VERY CLOSELY WITH PEOPLE

3776
02:02:07,153 --> 02:02:08,688
WHO ARE ACTUALLY STUDYING THE

3777
02:02:08,754 --> 02:02:10,356
DISEASES AND TRAITS THEMSELVES.

3778
02:02:10,423 --> 02:02:12,224
SO TO DO THAT, WE'VE ALSO

3779
02:02:12,291 --> 02:02:13,859
EXPANDED THIS RESOURCE TO

3780
02:02:13,926 --> 02:02:16,162
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND

3781
02:02:16,228 --> 02:02:19,665
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE.

3782
02:02:19,732 --> 02:02:22,501
AND OTHER TRAITS, SLEEP

3783
02:02:22,568 --> 02:02:24,003
DISORDERS, TYPE 1 DIABETES.

3784
02:02:24,070 --> 02:02:25,337
THE SIGNATURE HERE IS THAT THE

3785
02:02:25,404 --> 02:02:27,773
IDEA WE'RE WORKING DIRECTLY WITH

3786
02:02:27,840 --> 02:02:30,543
VECT TORE

3787
02:02:30,609 --> 02:02:31,143
INVESTIGATORS.

3788
02:02:31,210 --> 02:02:32,311
THE DISEASE, THE TRAITS, THE WAY

3789
02:02:32,378 --> 02:02:33,479
THAT THEY'RE PREPARED OR STUDIED

3790
02:02:33,546 --> 02:02:34,880
ARE VERY SPECIFIC TO THAT

3791
02:02:34,947 --> 02:02:36,515
CONSORTIUM AND THAT COMMUNITY.

3792
02:02:36,582 --> 02:02:38,284
SO OUR GOAL TO SCALE THIS IS TO

3793
02:02:38,350 --> 02:02:39,485
COLLABORATE DIRECTLY WITH

3794
02:02:39,552 --> 02:02:40,252
DISEASE COMMUNITIES TO

3795
02:02:40,319 --> 02:02:42,221
UNDERSTAND THEIR DATA, THE

3796
02:02:42,288 --> 02:02:43,989
METHODS, ANALYSES, AND ACTUAL

3797
02:02:44,056 --> 02:02:44,757
SPECIFIC SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS

3798
02:02:44,824 --> 02:02:46,192
AND THE GAPS THEY'RE TRYING TO

3799
02:02:46,258 --> 02:02:47,159
ADDRESS WITHIN THEIR FIELD.

3800
02:02:47,226 --> 02:02:49,695
WE DO THIS BY ONBOARDING

3801
02:02:49,762 --> 02:02:51,130
PRECOMPUTED RESULTS OR

3802
02:02:51,197 --> 02:02:51,997
GENERATING SUMMARY

3803
02:02:52,064 --> 02:02:53,599
REPRESENTATIONS OF RAW DATA, AND

3804
02:02:53,666 --> 02:02:54,633
THEN CODING THOSE INTO A

3805
02:02:54,700 --> 02:02:56,068
SOFTWARE PLATFORM THROUGH

3806
02:02:56,135 --> 02:02:57,303
ANALYTICAL METHODS AND PROTOCOLS

3807
02:02:57,369 --> 02:02:59,805
AND PIPELINES AND CREATE VERY

3808
02:02:59,872 --> 02:03:01,006
SIMPLE VISUALIZATIONS THAT YOU

3809
02:03:01,073 --> 02:03:02,074
YOURSELF CAN USE EVEN IF YOU'RE

3810
02:03:02,141 --> 02:03:03,876
NOT AN EXPERT IN THAT FIELD.

3811
02:03:03,943 --> 02:03:05,511
WE MAKE SURE THAT WE DO THIS

3812
02:03:05,578 --> 02:03:07,379
THROUGH INTUITIVE AND HOPEFULLY

3813
02:03:07,446 --> 02:03:08,147
USER-FRIENDLY OPEN ACCESS

3814
02:03:08,214 --> 02:03:10,683
PORTAL.

3815
02:03:10,750 --> 02:03:11,884
SO WE'RE GOING TO TALK A LITTLE

3816
02:03:11,951 --> 02:03:13,619
BIT THAT BUT WHAT WE'VE RECENTLY

3817
02:03:13,686 --> 02:03:15,187
EXPANDED TO IS THE ASSOCIATION

3818
02:03:15,254 --> 02:03:17,123
TO FUNCTION KNOWLEDGE PORTAL,

3819
02:03:17,189 --> 02:03:19,225
FOR TRANSLATING GWAS LOCI FOR

3820
02:03:19,291 --> 02:03:19,992
COMMON DISEASE.

3821
02:03:20,059 --> 02:03:22,161
WHAT THIS DID FOR US IS IT

3822
02:03:22,228 --> 02:03:23,729
CREATED A PLATFORM FOR US TO DO

3823
02:03:23,796 --> 02:03:24,697
THIS WITH OTHER DISEASE

3824
02:03:24,764 --> 02:03:25,798
COMMUNITIES AND WE DON'T HAVE AS

3825
02:03:25,865 --> 02:03:27,666
MUCH EXPERTISE IN.

3826
02:03:27,733 --> 02:03:29,435
SO WE'VE BEEN VERY LUCKY TO

3827
02:03:29,502 --> 02:03:31,604
EXPAND THAT SO THAT THIS EFFORT

3828
02:03:31,670 --> 02:03:34,240
IS A LOT EASIER AND SO IN A

3829
02:03:34,306 --> 02:03:35,875
WORLD WHERE YOU USED TO HAVE TO

3830
02:03:35,941 --> 02:03:37,109
JUST DO ALL THOSE STEPS I

3831
02:03:37,176 --> 02:03:39,545
MENTIONED EARLIER, THE RESOURCE

3832
02:03:39,612 --> 02:03:41,113
MAKES IT SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO DO

3833
02:03:41,180 --> 02:03:42,248
ALL THOSE RESOURCES AND CAN YOU

3834
02:03:42,314 --> 02:03:44,550
FIND THE TOP GENES FOR YOUR

3835
02:03:44,617 --> 02:03:46,185
FAVORITE TRAIT OR THE ROLE YOUR

3836
02:03:46,252 --> 02:03:48,954
GENE HAS IN PARTICULAR DISEASE

3837
02:03:49,021 --> 02:03:51,023
VERY EASILY THROUGH THESE

3838
02:03:51,090 --> 02:03:51,390
VISUALIZATIONS.

3839
02:03:51,457 --> 02:03:53,092
SO WHAT ARE THE FUNDAMENTAL

3840
02:03:53,159 --> 02:03:55,394
DATASETS AND PIECES OF THOSE

3841
02:03:55,461 --> 02:03:55,728
PLATFORM?

3842
02:03:55,795 --> 02:03:56,929
FIRST IT'S GENETIC ASSOCIATIONS

3843
02:03:56,996 --> 02:03:58,230
WHICH I MENTIONED EARLIER.

3844
02:03:58,297 --> 02:04:01,133
WE GET THESE THROUGH SEVERAL

3845
02:04:01,200 --> 02:04:01,667
RESOURCE.

3846
02:04:01,734 --> 02:04:02,234
S.

3847
02:04:02,301 --> 02:04:04,403
WE WORK DIRECTLY WITH

3848
02:04:04,470 --> 02:04:05,938
INVESTIGATORS STUDYING THESE

3849
02:04:06,005 --> 02:04:07,206
DISEASES AND TRAITS WHO

3850
02:04:07,273 --> 02:04:08,007
UNDERSTAND THEM, HAVE THE DATA

3851
02:04:08,073 --> 02:04:09,108
AND HAVE THE UNDERSTANDING OF

3852
02:04:09,175 --> 02:04:10,643
HOW TO TRANSMIT THE DATA TO US

3853
02:04:10,709 --> 02:04:11,877
AND PROCESS IT.

3854
02:04:11,944 --> 02:04:13,179
WE ALSO WORK WITH DISEASE

3855
02:04:13,245 --> 02:04:14,713
AGNOSTIC RESOURCES LIKE THE GWAS

3856
02:04:14,780 --> 02:04:17,483
CATALOG AND GTEX AND N CODE

3857
02:04:17,550 --> 02:04:18,484
WHICH I'LL TALK A LITTLE ABOUT

3858
02:04:18,551 --> 02:04:19,785
IN A MINUTE.

3859
02:04:19,852 --> 02:04:21,187
SO FOR GENETIC ASSOCIATIONS OUR

3860
02:04:21,253 --> 02:04:22,621
FOCUS HAS BEEN REALLY TO FOCUS

3861
02:04:22,688 --> 02:04:24,824
ON THESE COMMUNITIES BUT WHAT

3862
02:04:24,890 --> 02:04:27,560
THIS HAS LED TO IS A THOUSAND

3863
02:04:27,626 --> 02:04:28,894
PHENOTYPES WITH 4,000

3864
02:04:28,961 --> 02:04:29,228
COLLABORATORS.

3865
02:04:29,295 --> 02:04:30,996
I'M A LITTLE AHEAD OF MY OWN

3866
02:04:31,063 --> 02:04:32,965
ANIMATION NOW.

3867
02:04:33,032 --> 02:04:35,267
THE OTHER LAYER FROM

3868
02:04:35,334 --> 02:04:36,368
FOUNDATIONAL DATA ARE FUNCTIONAL

3869
02:04:36,435 --> 02:04:37,136
GENOMIC ANNOTATIONS.

3870
02:04:37,203 --> 02:04:39,538
THIS TELLS YOU ABOUT THE

3871
02:04:39,605 --> 02:04:44,043
REGULATORY -- SO MANY OF THESE

3872
02:04:44,109 --> 02:04:45,010
ASSOCIATIONS ARE IN NON-CODING

3873
02:04:45,077 --> 02:04:46,212
REGION OF OUR GENOME SO YOU NEED

3874
02:04:46,278 --> 02:04:47,880
TO KNOW WHAT GENE IT'S ACTIVE IN

3875
02:04:47,947 --> 02:04:49,515
OR WHAT PATHWAY THAT IS, SO

3876
02:04:49,582 --> 02:04:50,716
THESE FUNCTIONAL GENOMIC

3877
02:04:50,783 --> 02:04:51,383
ANNOTATIONS HELP WITH THAT.

3878
02:04:51,450 --> 02:04:54,486
SO THIS IS A RESOURCE WE'VE

3879
02:04:54,553 --> 02:04:57,223
CREATED WITH UCSD AS WAREHOUSE

3880
02:04:57,289 --> 02:04:58,624
FOR THESE DATASETS WHERE THEY

3881
02:04:58,691 --> 02:05:00,926
HOUSE ABOUT 8,000 ANNOTATIONS

3882
02:05:00,993 --> 02:05:02,361
FOR SPECIFIC TISSUES RELATED TO

3883
02:05:02,428 --> 02:05:03,128
COMMON METABOLIC DISEASE AND YOU

3884
02:05:03,195 --> 02:05:04,330
CAN SEE THOSE LISTED HERE.

3885
02:05:04,396 --> 02:05:06,432
FINALLY TO PULL THIS ALL

3886
02:05:06,498 --> 02:05:09,068
TOGETHER, WE ENCODE BETION

3887
02:05:09,134 --> 02:05:09,935
PRACTICES IN OUR FIELD BY

3888
02:05:10,002 --> 02:05:11,704
WORKING WITH OUR FELLOW

3889
02:05:11,770 --> 02:05:13,239
GENETICISTS AND

3890
02:05:13,305 --> 02:05:14,006
BIOINFORMATICIANS TO ENCODE

3891
02:05:14,073 --> 02:05:16,408
METHODS TO HELP US GENERATE

3892
02:05:16,475 --> 02:05:17,142
HYPOTHESES ABOUT THE MOLECULAR

3893
02:05:17,209 --> 02:05:19,144
AND CELLULAR FUNCTION USING THE

3894
02:05:19,211 --> 02:05:20,913
GENETIC AND FOUNDATIONAL

3895
02:05:20,980 --> 02:05:22,348
FUNCTIONAL GENOMIC ANNOTATIONS.

3896
02:05:22,414 --> 02:05:23,549
IF YOU PULL THIS ALL TOGETHER,

3897
02:05:23,616 --> 02:05:26,185
IT'S A VERY FLEXIBLE PLATFORM

3898
02:05:26,252 --> 02:05:27,386
THAT HAS MANY COMPONENTS AND HAS

3899
02:05:27,453 --> 02:05:28,721
BEEN AROUND FOR ABOUT 10 YEARS

3900
02:05:28,787 --> 02:05:30,723
AND WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO ADAPT TO

3901
02:05:30,789 --> 02:05:31,924
DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES.

3902
02:05:31,991 --> 02:05:33,125
BUT ALSO EACH COMMUNITY WE

3903
02:05:33,192 --> 02:05:34,760
WORKED WITH HAS HAD DIFFERENT

3904
02:05:34,827 --> 02:05:35,661
CHALLENGES, WHETHER IT'S IMAGING

3905
02:05:35,728 --> 02:05:37,196
DATA OR DIFFERENT TYPES OF OMICS

3906
02:05:37,263 --> 02:05:39,098
DATA AND OUR GOAL HOPEFULLY

3907
02:05:39,164 --> 02:05:40,432
BEING HERE TODAY IS TO LEARN

3908
02:05:40,499 --> 02:05:41,267
SOME OF THE CHALLENGES IN YOUR

3909
02:05:41,333 --> 02:05:41,934
FIELD.

3910
02:05:42,001 --> 02:05:43,235
BUT LET'S TALK A LITTLE ABOUT

3911
02:05:43,302 --> 02:05:44,970
WHAT WE'VE DONE SO FAR.

3912
02:05:45,037 --> 02:05:48,007
MATERNAL HEALTH, I BRIEF IT'S BS

3913
02:05:48,073 --> 02:05:48,540
LACKING.

3914
02:05:48,607 --> 02:05:52,378
YOULAGGING.

3915
02:05:52,444 --> 02:05:54,013
BEST REPOSITORY FOR GWAS

3916
02:05:54,079 --> 02:05:59,051
STATISTICS IN THE WORLD,

3917
02:05:59,118 --> 02:06:00,452
ALZHEIMER'S, IBD, LOOK AT THE

3918
02:06:00,519 --> 02:06:02,388
NUMBER OF SAMPLES THAT HAVE BEEN

3919
02:06:02,454 --> 02:06:04,023
STUDIED AND THE NUMBER OF

3920
02:06:04,089 --> 02:06:05,324
DATASETS AS COMPARED TO MAJOR

3921
02:06:05,391 --> 02:06:07,993
TRAITS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH.

3922
02:06:08,060 --> 02:06:08,861
PREECLAMPSIA, GDM.

3923
02:06:08,928 --> 02:06:09,962
IT'S INCREDIBLE.

3924
02:06:10,029 --> 02:06:11,063
EVEN THOUGH 50% OF THE

3925
02:06:11,130 --> 02:06:12,131
POPULATION ARE THESE PEOPLE YOU

3926
02:06:12,197 --> 02:06:14,333
CAN STUDY, IT'S PRETTY CRAZY.

3927
02:06:14,400 --> 02:06:15,267
BUT WHY IS THIS THE CASE?

3928
02:06:15,334 --> 02:06:16,435
IT'S STILL THE SAME HEALTHCARE

3929
02:06:16,502 --> 02:06:17,303
BURDEN.

3930
02:06:17,369 --> 02:06:18,737
IT'S ACTUALLY A PROBLEM OF TWO

3931
02:06:18,804 --> 02:06:20,105
WHEN YOU HAVE A MOTHER AND CHILD

3932
02:06:20,172 --> 02:06:20,839
BEING AFFECTED BY THIS.

3933
02:06:20,906 --> 02:06:23,142
I ACTUALLY DIDN'T APPRECIATE

3934
02:06:23,208 --> 02:06:24,677
THAT UNTIL I CAME TO TALK TO YOU

3935
02:06:24,743 --> 02:06:26,111
TODAY, IT'S QUITE REMARK ABLG.

3936
02:06:26,178 --> 02:06:27,413
BUT IT'S LIMITED IN SCALE AND

3937
02:06:27,479 --> 02:06:27,813
SCOPE.

3938
02:06:27,880 --> 02:06:31,583
I WOULD SAY EVEN THOUGH IT IS A

3939
02:06:31,650 --> 02:06:33,252
SET OF HAIRT TABL TRAITS, THIS

3940
02:06:33,319 --> 02:06:37,523
HAS NOT BEEN STUDIED TO MA THE

3941
02:06:37,589 --> 02:06:39,591
EXTENT OF MANY OF THE OTHER

3942
02:06:39,658 --> 02:06:43,896
DISEASES I TOLD BUT EARLIER.

3943
02:06:43,963 --> 02:06:45,965
GDM AND DIABETES HAVE A

3944
02:06:46,031 --> 02:06:47,499
RELATIONSHIP AND MANY WOMEN THAT

3945
02:06:47,566 --> 02:06:49,435
HAVE GDM AT BIRTH GO ON TO

3946
02:06:49,501 --> 02:06:50,269
DEVELOP DIABETES LATER ON IN

3947
02:06:50,336 --> 02:06:51,337
LIFE SO THERE'S SUCH A

3948
02:06:51,403 --> 02:06:51,704
CONNECTION HERE.

3949
02:06:51,770 --> 02:06:53,205
IF YOU LOOK AT THE LAST COUPLE

3950
02:06:53,272 --> 02:06:55,741
YEARS ACTUALLY IN OUR FIELD,

3951
02:06:55,808 --> 02:06:59,345
GENOMICSGENETICS HAS STARTED TOH

3952
02:06:59,411 --> 02:06:59,912
UP.

3953
02:06:59,979 --> 02:07:01,347
SOME LARGE SCALE STUDIES

3954
02:07:01,413 --> 02:07:02,881
CONDUCTED BECAUSE OF THESE

3955
02:07:02,948 --> 02:07:05,517
BIOBANKS, UK BIOBANK, BIG

3956
02:07:05,584 --> 02:07:06,618
STUDIES THAT HAVE A LOT OF THIS

3957
02:07:06,685 --> 02:07:07,820
DATA, BROAD CONSENT ALLOWED THIS

3958
02:07:07,886 --> 02:07:09,555
TO HAPPEN THE A SCALE.

3959
02:07:09,621 --> 02:07:14,193
THESE DATASETS ARE COMMON TO O

3960
02:07:14,259 --> 02:07:15,394
OUR -- WHICH IS GREAT BUT HERE'S

3961
02:07:15,461 --> 02:07:15,828
THE CHALLENGE.

3962
02:07:15,894 --> 02:07:17,496
THERE ARE SHARED SIGNALS WITH

3963
02:07:17,563 --> 02:07:18,831
THINGS LIKE DIABETES AND

3964
02:07:18,897 --> 02:07:19,698
GESTATIONAL DIABETES BUT THEY'RE

3965
02:07:19,765 --> 02:07:20,666
ALSO VERY DISTINCT AT THE SAME

3966
02:07:20,733 --> 02:07:20,866
TIME.

3967
02:07:20,933 --> 02:07:22,301
THE TISSUES INVOLVED IN SOME OF

3968
02:07:22,368 --> 02:07:23,402
THESE TRAITS ARE VERY DIFFERENT.

3969
02:07:23,469 --> 02:07:25,070
YOU CAN SEE RIGHT HERE THE

3970
02:07:25,137 --> 02:07:26,405
TISSUES INVOLVED IN TYPE

3971
02:07:26,472 --> 02:07:27,706
2 DIABETES ARE INCREDIBLY

3972
02:07:27,773 --> 02:07:28,807
DIFFERENT THAN THE TISSUES

3973
02:07:28,874 --> 02:07:29,908
INVOLVED IN GDM.

3974
02:07:29,975 --> 02:07:31,677
IT APPEARS THIS IS A LOT OF

3975
02:07:31,744 --> 02:07:32,578
CELL-SPECIFIC TISSUE EXPRESSION

3976
02:07:32,644 --> 02:07:33,312
GOING ON IN THE BRAIN WHICH IS

3977
02:07:33,379 --> 02:07:34,646
NOT THE CASE FOR TYPE

3978
02:07:34,713 --> 02:07:35,414
2 DIABETES.

3979
02:07:35,481 --> 02:07:37,016
SO IT REQUIRES A LOT MORE

3980
02:07:37,082 --> 02:07:37,950
TISSUES AND EXPERIMENTS IN THESE

3981
02:07:38,017 --> 02:07:39,385
SPACES AS WELL.

3982
02:07:39,451 --> 02:07:41,020
SO WITH THAT, I DON'T SEE THAT

3983
02:07:41,086 --> 02:07:42,521
THERE'S A SINGLE RESOURCE FOR

3984
02:07:42,588 --> 02:07:44,456
THE COMMUNITY FOR THE GENETICS

3985
02:07:44,523 --> 02:07:46,325
AND GENOMICS OF PREGNANCY TRAITS

3986
02:07:46,392 --> 02:07:47,926
SO OUR GOAL WAS TO SEED A

3987
02:07:47,993 --> 02:07:49,361
RESOURCE AND THE IDEA TO

3988
02:07:49,428 --> 02:07:50,329
INTEGRATE DATA AND INCREASE

3989
02:07:50,396 --> 02:07:51,697
POWER FOR DISCOVERY FOR

3990
02:07:51,764 --> 02:07:52,464
DIFFERENT THERAPEUTICS,

3991
02:07:52,531 --> 02:07:53,999
DIFFERENT TREATMENTS AND

3992
02:07:54,066 --> 02:07:55,534
DIFFERENT LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH

3993
02:07:55,601 --> 02:07:56,201
THESE PREGNANCY TRAITS.

3994
02:07:56,268 --> 02:07:57,503
SO WITH THAT, WE STARTED TO LOOK

3995
02:07:57,569 --> 02:07:59,271
FOR EXPERTS IN OUR FIELD AND WE

3996
02:07:59,338 --> 02:08:00,506
HAD A LITTLE COMMUNITY PUSH, WE

3997
02:08:00,572 --> 02:08:02,041
HAVE A COLLEAGUE NAMED JOHN

3998
02:08:02,107 --> 02:08:03,142
PERIWHO JASON AND I WORKED WITH

3999
02:08:03,208 --> 02:08:05,544
MANY YEARS AGO IN THE TYPE

4000
02:08:05,611 --> 02:08:07,613
2 DIABETES SPACE AND HE WORKED

4001
02:08:07,679 --> 02:08:10,182
WITH REPRO GEN, AND HE WAS LIKE

4002
02:08:10,249 --> 02:08:12,151
YEP, I WILL DO MY BEST AS ONE

4003
02:08:12,217 --> 02:08:13,118
PERSON REPRESENTING THIS

4004
02:08:13,185 --> 02:08:14,553
CONSORTIUM TO HELP YOU SEED A

4005
02:08:14,620 --> 02:08:15,454
RESOURCE.

4006
02:08:15,521 --> 02:08:16,021
SO WE WORKED WITH HIM TO

4007
02:08:16,088 --> 02:08:17,423
GENERATE A LIST OF SPECIFIC

4008
02:08:17,489 --> 02:08:18,724
TRAITS, CHALLENGES FOR THAT

4009
02:08:18,791 --> 02:08:19,992
FIELD, AND JASON IS GOING TO

4010
02:08:20,059 --> 02:08:21,060
TELL YOU A LITTLE ABOUT THAT

4011
02:08:21,126 --> 02:08:22,494
RESOURCE AND HOW YOU CAN VIEW

4012
02:08:22,561 --> 02:08:23,562
SOME OF THE INDIVIDUALIZATIONS

4013
02:08:23,629 --> 02:08:24,663
AND SOME OF THE FEATURES I

4014
02:08:24,730 --> 02:08:26,365
MENTIONED TO YOU EARLIER IN THE

4015
02:08:26,432 --> 02:08:27,766
CONTEXT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE

4016
02:08:27,833 --> 02:08:36,442
KNOWLEDGE PORTAL.

4017
02:08:36,508 --> 02:08:39,611
>> IN THE LIMITED TIME WE HAVE

4018
02:08:39,678 --> 02:08:43,949
TODAY, I FIGURED I CAN QI GIVE U

4019
02:08:44,016 --> 02:08:46,652
AN OVERVIEW OF THE RESOURCE, THE

4020
02:08:46,718 --> 02:08:50,689
CORE PHILOSOPHY BEHIND IT.

4021
02:08:50,756 --> 02:08:52,291
SO AS NOEL MENTIONED, THESE ARE

4022
02:08:52,357 --> 02:08:53,158
THE TRAITS THAT WE CURRENTLY

4023
02:08:53,225 --> 02:08:54,793
HAVE IN THE PORTAL.

4024
02:08:54,860 --> 02:08:56,528
THERE ARE ABOUT 37 OF THEM, AND

4025
02:08:56,595 --> 02:08:59,698
THESE ARE MOSTLY CURATED IN

4026
02:08:59,765 --> 02:09:00,399
COLLABORATION WITH THIS

4027
02:09:00,466 --> 02:09:02,034
COMMUNITY THAT WE WORKED WITH

4028
02:09:02,101 --> 02:09:05,471
AND A LOT OF THEM ARE A LITTLE

4029
02:09:05,537 --> 02:09:06,872
ESOTERIC AND PROBABLY MORE

4030
02:09:06,939 --> 02:09:07,539
SPECIALIZED THAN YOU WOULD SEE

4031
02:09:07,606 --> 02:09:09,007
IN A GENERAL RESOURCE, PROBABLY

4032
02:09:09,074 --> 02:09:11,343
A LOT OF THESE YOU WOULDN'T PUT

4033
02:09:11,410 --> 02:09:13,145
IN THE HIGHLY METABOLIC DISEASES

4034
02:09:13,212 --> 02:09:14,146
PORTAL, THAT'S KIND OF ONE OF

4035
02:09:14,213 --> 02:09:16,615
THE VALUES OF REALLY A DEDICATED

4036
02:09:16,682 --> 02:09:17,116
COMMUNITY RESOURCE.

4037
02:09:17,182 --> 02:09:18,817
WE ALSO HAVE -- I DON'T THINK WE

4038
02:09:18,884 --> 02:09:29,628
HAVE ANY SPECIFIC EP  -- AS WELS

4039
02:09:33,699 --> 02:09:35,534
MANY OF THE OTHERS WE'VE CURATED

4040
02:09:35,601 --> 02:09:36,635
FOR METABOLIC DISEASES BUT THEY

4041
02:09:36,702 --> 02:09:38,370
COULD DEFINITELY BE IN THE AREA

4042
02:09:38,437 --> 02:09:39,738
WHERE WE THINK FOCUSED

4043
02:09:39,805 --> 02:09:43,108
AGGREGATION OF DATA AND TISSUES

4044
02:09:43,175 --> 02:09:43,876
RELEVANT TO THESE TRAITS COULD

4045
02:09:43,942 --> 02:09:45,677
BE VALUABLE.

4046
02:09:45,744 --> 02:09:46,211
OKAY.

4047
02:09:46,278 --> 02:09:48,947
SO AS NOEL MENTIONED, THE REAL

4048
02:09:49,014 --> 02:09:50,716
CORE PHILOSOPHY OR VALUE OUT OF

4049
02:09:50,782 --> 02:09:52,618
THIS PLATFORM IS TAKING THESE

4050
02:09:52,684 --> 02:09:53,685
COMPLICATED METHODS THAT PEOPLE

4051
02:09:53,752 --> 02:09:57,856
ARE NOW ROUTINELY RUNNING ACROSS

4052
02:09:57,923 --> 02:09:58,857
GENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDIES BUT

4053
02:09:58,924 --> 02:09:59,958
REQUIRES A LOT OF EXPERTISE TO

4054
02:10:00,025 --> 02:10:01,493
DO AND MAKING IT MUCH EASIER FOR

4055
02:10:01,560 --> 02:10:03,695
THEM TO ACCESS THE RESULTS BY

4056
02:10:03,762 --> 02:10:07,199
KIND OF POWERING THOSE OURSEL

4057
02:10:07,266 --> 02:10:16,708
OURSELVES.

4058
02:10:16,775 --> 02:10:18,043
SO THIS IS THE HOME PAGE TO THE

4059
02:10:18,110 --> 02:10:18,677
PORTAL.

4060
02:10:18,744 --> 02:10:25,184
I THINK IT'S AT REPRODUCT

4061
02:10:25,250 --> 02:10:25,817
REPRODUCTIVE.HUGEAMP.ORG IF YOU

4062
02:10:25,884 --> 02:10:27,052
WANT TO FOLLOW ALONG OR EXPLORE

4063
02:10:27,119 --> 02:10:28,053
IT YOURSELF.

4064
02:10:28,120 --> 02:10:29,688
OKAY.

4065
02:10:29,755 --> 02:10:32,524
NOW, THE KEY CONSTRUCT THAT

4066
02:10:32,591 --> 02:10:33,859
UNDERLIES THIS CONSTRUCT OF

4067
02:10:33,926 --> 02:10:35,460
MAKING SIMPLE VISUALIZATIONS IS

4068
02:10:35,527 --> 02:10:36,728
WHAT WE CALL A DATA SUMMARY.

4069
02:10:36,795 --> 02:10:39,631
SO THIS IS REALLY ANY STATISTIC

4070
02:10:39,698 --> 02:10:42,034
OR REALLY ANYTHING THAT COULD BE

4071
02:10:42,100 --> 02:10:43,669
COMPUTED FOR POTENTIALLY

4072
02:10:43,735 --> 02:10:44,736
SENSITIVE OR DATA YOU DON'T WANT

4073
02:10:44,803 --> 02:10:47,072
TO MAKE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC.

4074
02:10:47,139 --> 02:10:47,739
THERE'S THREE COMPONENTS TO THAT

4075
02:10:47,806 --> 02:10:49,141
IN THIS PLATFORM.

4076
02:10:49,208 --> 02:10:52,244
WE CALL THE AGGREGATOR, IT'S

4077
02:10:52,311 --> 02:10:54,947
LIKE A PLATFORM WE'VE DEVELOPED

4078
02:10:55,013 --> 02:10:58,617
THAT USED SPARK TO ORCHESTRATE

4079
02:10:58,684 --> 02:10:59,751
COMPOUND WORK FLOWS THAT CAN RUN

4080
02:10:59,818 --> 02:11:01,887
A LOT OF COMPLICATED METHODS.

4081
02:11:01,954 --> 02:11:03,655
THE RESULTS ARE THEN STREAMED

4082
02:11:03,722 --> 02:11:07,926
OVER REST DIRECTLY FROM S3 USING

4083
02:11:07,993 --> 02:11:09,695
CUSTOM SOFTWARE AND THEN THERE'S

4084
02:11:09,761 --> 02:11:11,997
A LOT OF DEDICATED

4085
02:11:12,064 --> 02:11:12,664
VISUALIZATIONS WE'VE BUILT TO

4086
02:11:12,731 --> 02:11:14,866
MAKE THESE SUMMARIES EASY TO

4087
02:11:14,933 --> 02:11:17,302
VISUALIZE AND SEARCH AND BROWSE,

4088
02:11:17,369 --> 02:11:19,471
AND THAT'S WHAT YOU SEE ON THIS

4089
02:11:19,538 --> 02:11:21,006
PORTAL.

4090
02:11:21,073 --> 02:11:22,874
THE PAGE I'M JUST GOING TO WALK

4091
02:11:22,941 --> 02:11:24,176
THROUGH IS THE PHENOTYPE PAGE.

4092
02:11:24,243 --> 02:11:25,877
FROM THE HOME PAGE, YOU TYPE IN

4093
02:11:25,944 --> 02:11:28,180
A PHENOTYPE, YOU'LL GET ACCESS

4094
02:11:28,247 --> 02:11:29,481
TO THIS AND I THINK THE ONE I

4095
02:11:29,548 --> 02:11:31,183
CHOSE IS PREECLAMPSIA BECAUSE

4096
02:11:31,250 --> 02:11:32,351
SOME OF THEM DON'T HAVE A TON OF

4097
02:11:32,417 --> 02:11:32,684
SIGNALS.

4098
02:11:32,751 --> 02:11:34,486
THERE ARE A BUNCH OF OTHER

4099
02:11:34,553 --> 02:11:35,454
PAGES, YOU CAN SEARCH BY GENE,

4100
02:11:35,520 --> 02:11:36,655
THERE'S SOME TOOLS ON THE TOP WE

4101
02:11:36,722 --> 02:11:37,990
CAN TALK ABOUT THAT LATER OR

4102
02:11:38,056 --> 02:11:39,324
PLEASE COME UP TO US IF YOU'RE

4103
02:11:39,391 --> 02:11:39,791
INTERESTED.

4104
02:11:39,858 --> 02:11:40,859
BUT I JUST WANT TO ILLUSTRATE

4105
02:11:40,926 --> 02:11:42,394
HOW THIS KIND OF SHOWS THE

4106
02:11:42,461 --> 02:11:43,629
VARIOUS TYPES OF SUMMARIES AND

4107
02:11:43,695 --> 02:11:46,465
THE POWER THAT YOU CAN DO.

4108
02:11:46,531 --> 02:11:47,566
ALL OF THESE ARE AVAILABLE NOT

4109
02:11:47,633 --> 02:11:49,134
EVEN WITH A CLICK, YOU JUST

4110
02:11:49,201 --> 02:11:49,935
SCROLL DOWN THE PAGE AND YOU'LL

4111
02:11:50,002 --> 02:11:56,575
SEE ALL OF THESE ON THE PAGE.

4112
02:11:56,642 --> 02:11:58,010
SO THE SIMPLEST TYPE OF SUMMARY

4113
02:11:58,076 --> 02:11:59,378
IS BASIC AGGREGATION OF DATA.

4114
02:11:59,444 --> 02:12:02,114
SO THIS ESSENTIALLY BOILS DOWN

4115
02:12:02,180 --> 02:12:04,082
THE 5 MILLION OR SO SNPs

4116
02:12:04,149 --> 02:12:05,751
YOU'LL HAVE IN A GWAS TO THE

4117
02:12:05,817 --> 02:12:06,184
SIGNIFICANT SIGNAL.

4118
02:12:06,251 --> 02:12:09,354
SO THAT FIGURE THAT NOEL SHOWED,

4119
02:12:09,421 --> 02:12:11,556
THESE ARE THE INDEPENDENT

4120
02:12:11,623 --> 02:12:12,257
ASSOCIATIONS AT A GLANCE WHICH

4121
02:12:12,324 --> 02:12:13,859
IS USING A METHOD THAT'S VERY

4122
02:12:13,925 --> 02:12:15,160
SIMPLE TO APPLY BUT IT'S ALL

4123
02:12:15,227 --> 02:12:17,529
DONE FOR THE USER.

4124
02:12:17,596 --> 02:12:19,631
ANOTHER TYPE OF SUMMARY THAT IS

4125
02:12:19,698 --> 02:12:23,535
A LITTLE DIFFERENT IS NOT

4126
02:12:23,602 --> 02:12:27,072
ACTUALLY APPLYING -- ACTUALLY --

4127
02:12:27,139 --> 02:12:32,244
SORRY, LET ME -- I THINK SOMEONE

4128
02:12:32,311 --> 02:12:33,412
ELSE IS ADVANCING THE SLIDES.

4129
02:12:33,478 --> 02:12:36,048
IS THAT TRUE?

4130
02:12:36,114 --> 02:12:38,483
SO CAN YOU GO AHEAD TO SUMMARY

4131
02:12:38,550 --> 02:12:40,786
TYPE 4?

4132
02:12:40,852 --> 02:12:47,559
ONE MORE.

4133
02:12:47,626 --> 02:12:49,194
SO A SECOND TYPE OF SUMMARY IS

4134
02:12:49,261 --> 02:12:53,065
ACTUALLY NOT SOMETHING THAT

4135
02:12:53,131 --> 02:12:56,001
WE -- SOMETHING THAT WE CURATE.

4136
02:12:56,068 --> 02:12:57,102
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF HER GOING

4137
02:12:57,169 --> 02:12:58,070
THROUGH ALL OF THE PAPERS THAT

4138
02:12:58,136 --> 02:13:00,639
HAVE PUBLISHED THESE GWASs AND

4139
02:13:00,706 --> 02:13:02,074
EXTRACTING LISTS OF GENES THAT

4140
02:13:02,140 --> 02:13:03,141
PEOPLE -- THE AUTHORS HAVE

4141
02:13:03,208 --> 02:13:04,376
PUBLISHED THAT THEY THINK ARE

4142
02:13:04,443 --> 02:13:05,143
MEDIATING THE SIGNAL.

4143
02:13:05,210 --> 02:13:06,578
SO THAT'S VERY COMPLICATED, IT'S

4144
02:13:06,645 --> 02:13:07,979
NOT SOMETHING THAT CAN BE DONE

4145
02:13:08,046 --> 02:13:08,947
AUTOMATICALLY, BUT WE MAKE AN

4146
02:13:09,014 --> 02:13:10,349
EFFORT TO TRY TO CURATE THOSE AS

4147
02:13:10,415 --> 02:13:11,116
MUCH AS POSSIBLE.

4148
02:13:11,183 --> 02:13:12,851
I DON'T THINK WE HAVE ANY YET

4149
02:13:12,918 --> 02:13:14,119
FOR THE REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS

4150
02:13:14,186 --> 02:13:15,821
BECAUSE I DON'T THINK ANY ARE

4151
02:13:15,887 --> 02:13:16,555
AVAILABLE, BUT THAT'S SOMETHING

4152
02:13:16,621 --> 02:13:19,024
WE WORK ON DOING.

4153
02:13:19,091 --> 02:13:20,258
CAN WE GO BACK TO SUMMARY TYPE

4154
02:13:20,325 --> 02:13:20,692
2, PLEASE?

4155
02:13:20,759 --> 02:13:21,259
OKAY.

4156
02:13:21,326 --> 02:13:23,995
SO NOW THIS IS WHERE IT STARTS

4157
02:13:24,062 --> 02:13:25,130
TO GET A LITTLE MORE COMPLEX.

4158
02:13:25,197 --> 02:13:27,966
SO THIS IS A STATISTICAL METHOD,

4159
02:13:28,033 --> 02:13:29,668
VERY NON-TRIVIAL, THAT LOOKS AT

4160
02:13:29,735 --> 02:13:33,605
PREDEFINED PATHWAYS AND LOOKS

4161
02:13:33,672 --> 02:13:39,311
WHETHER GENES IN THOSE PATHWA

4162
02:13:39,378 --> 02:13:40,912
PATHWAYS -- IT'S SOMETHING

4163
02:13:40,979 --> 02:13:41,513
RELATIVELY STRAIGHTFORWARD TO

4164
02:13:41,580 --> 02:13:43,014
RUN BUT WE CAN APPLY THIS

4165
02:13:43,081 --> 02:13:44,449
AUTOMATICALLY ACROSS EVERY TRAIT

4166
02:13:44,516 --> 02:13:46,518
SO ANY GWAS WE UPLOAD INTO THE

4167
02:13:46,585 --> 02:13:47,586
SYSTEM GETS THESE RESULTS

4168
02:13:47,652 --> 02:13:49,988
APPLIED.

4169
02:13:50,055 --> 02:13:53,024
SO GOING A LITTLE BIT FURTHER,

4170
02:13:53,091 --> 02:13:55,127
YOU CAN ALSO APLAY ME NODS NOT

4171
02:13:55,193 --> 02:13:58,330
JUST TO THE UPLOADED GWAS BUT

4172
02:13:58,397 --> 02:14:00,399
INTEGRATED ACROSS MULTIPLE

4173
02:14:00,465 --> 02:14:01,266
DATASETS IN THE RESOURCE.

4174
02:14:01,333 --> 02:14:03,602
SO THIS NOW SCANS FOR THIS

4175
02:14:03,668 --> 02:14:04,836
PREECLAMPSIA GWAS FOR

4176
02:14:04,903 --> 02:14:05,637
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN IT AND ALL

4177
02:14:05,704 --> 02:14:06,571
OF THE THOUSAND OTHER TRAITS

4178
02:14:06,638 --> 02:14:07,973
THAT WE HAVE IN THAT PLATFORM.

4179
02:14:08,039 --> 02:14:10,242
SO YOU CAN SEE THAT GESTATIONAL

4180
02:14:10,308 --> 02:14:12,511
HYPERTENSION IS STRONGLY

4181
02:14:12,577 --> 02:14:14,312
CORRELATED, HEIGHT IS NEGATIVE

4182
02:14:14,379 --> 02:14:14,613
CORRELATED.

4183
02:14:14,679 --> 02:14:15,714
SOME OF THESE TRAITS ARE

4184
02:14:15,781 --> 02:14:17,582
SPECIFIC TO THE REPRODUCTIVE

4185
02:14:17,649 --> 02:14:18,683
KNOWLEDGE PORTAL, OTHERS ARE NOT

4186
02:14:18,750 --> 02:14:20,485
SPECIFIC BUT OBVIOUSLY MAKE

4187
02:14:20,552 --> 02:14:21,686
SENSE.

4188
02:14:21,753 --> 02:14:23,555
A CLOSE COUSIN OF THIS METHOD

4189
02:14:23,622 --> 02:14:25,056
LOOKS NOT JUST AT THE GENETIC

4190
02:14:25,123 --> 02:14:27,292
DATA BUT THE EPIGENOMIC DATA AND

4191
02:14:27,359 --> 02:14:30,228
CAN FIND TISSUES IN WHICH

4192
02:14:30,295 --> 02:14:33,031
ASSOCIATIONS ARE ACTIVE AND OPEN

4193
02:14:33,098 --> 02:14:33,298
CHROMATIN.

4194
02:14:33,365 --> 02:14:35,567
SO PLACENTA IS THE STRONGEST

4195
02:14:35,634 --> 02:14:37,636
TISSUE, PLACENTA ENHANCERS

4196
02:14:37,702 --> 02:14:39,037
SPECIFICALLY ARE MOST ENRICHED

4197
02:14:39,104 --> 02:14:42,374
FOR THIS TRAIT.

4198
02:14:42,441 --> 02:14:43,809
AND FINALLY, THE LAST BIT IS

4199
02:14:43,875 --> 02:14:45,444
THAT WHAT WE THEN DO IS WE

4200
02:14:45,510 --> 02:14:46,711
FINALLY IDENTIFY GAPS IN

4201
02:14:46,778 --> 02:14:47,446
EXISTING METHODS.

4202
02:14:47,512 --> 02:14:51,049
IN THIS CASE THIS WAS A GAP FOR

4203
02:14:51,116 --> 02:14:52,851
GENETIC SUPPORT, WE HAD PHARMA

4204
02:14:52,918 --> 02:14:54,986
PARTNERS VERY INTERESTED IN --

4205
02:14:55,053 --> 02:14:56,788
IS THERE ANY EVIDENCE AT ALL

4206
02:14:56,855 --> 02:14:57,722
THAT THERE'S AN ASSOCIATION, SO

4207
02:14:57,789 --> 02:14:59,658
WE DEVELOPED OUR OWN METHOD AND

4208
02:14:59,724 --> 02:15:01,193
PUBLISHED THIS I THINK A COUPLE

4209
02:15:01,259 --> 02:15:02,928
YEARS AGO AND NOW THAT IS

4210
02:15:02,994 --> 02:15:05,163
APPLIED TO EVERY TRAIT AS WELL.

4211
02:15:05,230 --> 02:15:07,466
THE THING I WANT TO CONCLUDE

4212
02:15:07,532 --> 02:15:11,303
WITH, RIGHT NOW ALL OF THIS IS

4213
02:15:11,369 --> 02:15:14,706
GENOMICS BUT AS WE'VE KIND OF

4214
02:15:14,773 --> 02:15:15,507
STARTED TO THINK BEYOND THAT, I

4215
02:15:15,574 --> 02:15:17,676
THINK THE KEY GAP OR REALLY NEED

4216
02:15:17,742 --> 02:15:19,211
IN NOT JUST THIS FIELD BUT MANY

4217
02:15:19,277 --> 02:15:21,012
IS THAT A LOT OF THESE

4218
02:15:21,079 --> 02:15:22,314
REPOSITORIES AND DATASETS ARE

4219
02:15:22,380 --> 02:15:28,353
NOT EASILY ACCESSIBLE TO PEOPLE,

4220
02:15:28,420 --> 02:15:34,493
AND MEANL TIMES ONCE YOU GET

4221
02:15:34,559 --> 02:15:36,528
INTO THE SYSTEM IT'S VESTIBLE

4222
02:15:36,595 --> 02:15:37,562
BUT PEOPLE ARE BUSY, SOMETIMES

4223
02:15:37,629 --> 02:15:40,031
YOU CAN SAY OH, I'LL ADD THAT TO

4224
02:15:40,098 --> 02:15:41,700
MY TO-DO LIST AND THEN NEVER GET

4225
02:15:41,766 --> 02:15:42,167
TO IT.

4226
02:15:42,234 --> 02:15:43,335
SO I THINK THERE'S VALUE IN THIS

4227
02:15:43,401 --> 02:15:45,237
ALMOST AS AN ENTRY POINT THAT

4228
02:15:45,303 --> 02:15:47,405
YOU WORK WITH THE COMMUNITIES TO

4229
02:15:47,472 --> 02:15:48,640
UNDERSTAND WHAT'S VALUABLE DATA

4230
02:15:48,707 --> 02:15:50,809
IN THERE, AND THEN YOU WORK TO

4231
02:15:50,876 --> 02:15:52,611
DEFINE HOW TO PULL IT OUT AND

4232
02:15:52,677 --> 02:15:54,813
MAKE VERY EASY TO ACCESS ENTRY

4233
02:15:54,880 --> 02:15:56,615
POINTS FOR THE USER.

4234
02:15:56,681 --> 02:15:58,016
AND THAT'S REALLY WHAT I THINK

4235
02:15:58,083 --> 02:15:59,351
IS NEEDED IN A LOT OF THESE

4236
02:15:59,417 --> 02:15:59,885
AREAS.

4237
02:15:59,951 --> 02:16:01,353
SO IF YOU GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE,

4238
02:16:01,419 --> 02:16:03,655
SO THESE WORK SPACES, WHICH, YOU

4239
02:16:03,722 --> 02:16:04,856
KNOW, HAVE EVERYTHING YOU EVER

4240
02:16:04,923 --> 02:16:06,825
NEED BUT ARE VERY IMPENETRABLE

4241
02:16:06,892 --> 02:16:09,728
TO ME COMING OUT TO -- I DON'T

4242
02:16:09,794 --> 02:16:13,131
KNOW WHAT RADIANT CLIA WGS IS

4243
02:16:13,198 --> 02:16:15,467
HERE, NOW I DO AFTER SPENDING

4244
02:16:15,534 --> 02:16:18,203
HALF AN HOUR DOING IT, BUT I

4245
02:16:18,270 --> 02:16:19,504
SPENT SIX MONTHS LEARNING IT, IT

4246
02:16:19,571 --> 02:16:20,972
WAS CRYPTIC TO ME.

4247
02:16:21,039 --> 02:16:23,375
THIS IS FOR THE COMMON FUND DATA

4248
02:16:23,441 --> 02:16:24,709
ECOSYSTEM WE ARE WORKING ON AND

4249
02:16:24,776 --> 02:16:26,378
THEY IS HOW THEY SUMMARIZE THE

4250
02:16:26,444 --> 02:16:27,045
DATA THAT'S AVAILABLE.

4251
02:16:27,112 --> 02:16:28,446
IT'S THROUGH THESE TERMS LIKE

4252
02:16:28,513 --> 02:16:30,115
ALIGNMENT, SEQUENCE AND MATRIX.

4253
02:16:30,181 --> 02:16:32,117
I HAD A QUESTION, LIKE HOW MUCH

4254
02:16:32,183 --> 02:16:37,088
SINGLE CELL ATTACK  ATAC SEQ DOE

4255
02:16:37,155 --> 02:16:39,491
IN THE PANCREAS?

4256
02:16:39,558 --> 02:16:40,792
YOU ALSO NEED SOMETHING LIKE --

4257
02:16:40,859 --> 02:16:42,260
THIS IS JUST A FIRST VERSION,

4258
02:16:42,327 --> 02:16:43,562
BUT SOMETHING THAT THINKS ABOUT

4259
02:16:43,628 --> 02:16:45,330
WHAT'S THE RESEARCHER'S CONTEXT,

4260
02:16:45,397 --> 02:16:46,431
WHAT IS THE TYPES OF THINGS

4261
02:16:46,498 --> 02:16:48,066
THEY'RE INTERESTED IN AND CAN WE

4262
02:16:48,133 --> 02:16:49,301
PULL THAT OUT TO THEM SO THAT

4263
02:16:49,367 --> 02:16:50,735
THEN THEY CAN GET IN MORE EASY

4264
02:16:50,802 --> 02:16:52,137
TO ENTER POINT THAT THEN MAYBE

4265
02:16:52,203 --> 02:16:53,605
ONCE THEY'RE IN, NOW YOU HAVE

4266
02:16:53,672 --> 02:16:55,473
THEM HOOKED AND NOW THEY CAN

4267
02:16:55,540 --> 02:16:57,375
NAVIGATE TO GET THE FULL VALUE

4268
02:16:57,442 --> 02:16:57,943
OF YOUR SYSTEM.

4269
02:16:58,009 --> 02:16:59,411
THAT'S SOMETHING I THINK IS

4270
02:16:59,477 --> 02:17:00,478
OFTEN UNDERAPPRECIATED, THIS

4271
02:17:00,545 --> 02:17:02,280
CONCEPT THAT EVEN IF IT'S EASY

4272
02:17:02,347 --> 02:17:04,449
TO YOU OR EASY ONCE THEY EVEN

4273
02:17:04,516 --> 02:17:05,984
INVEST AN HOUR, WE'RE ALL BUSY

4274
02:17:06,051 --> 02:17:06,785
AND SOMETIMES NEED SOMETHING

4275
02:17:06,851 --> 02:17:10,322
THAT THEY CAN DO IN 30 SECONDS.

4276
02:17:10,388 --> 02:17:11,656
SO ON THE FINAL SLIDE JUST TO

4277
02:17:11,723 --> 02:17:12,624
ACKNOWLEDGE ALL THE PEOPLE WHO

4278
02:17:12,691 --> 02:17:14,259
HAVE BUILT THIS, BOTH AT THE

4279
02:17:14,326 --> 02:17:15,393
BROAD AND OUR OTHER COLLEAGUES

4280
02:17:15,460 --> 02:17:17,929
AS PART OF AMP C & D AND THANK

4281
02:17:17,996 --> 02:17:19,297
YOU ALL FOR INVITING US AND

4282
02:17:19,364 --> 02:17:21,499
LOOKING FORWARD TO LEARNING MORE

4283
02:17:21,566 --> 02:17:24,002
ABOUT THIS COMMUNITY.

4284
02:17:24,069 --> 02:17:34,112
THANK YOU.

4285
02:17:34,179 --> 02:17:37,382
>> WE HAVE ABOUT 8 MINUTES LEFT

4286
02:17:37,449 --> 02:17:39,718
FOR ANY QUESTIONS.

4287
02:17:39,784 --> 02:17:40,919
FROM THE AUDIENCE.

4288
02:17:40,986 --> 02:17:44,322
IF THE SPEAKERS HAVE ANY TOPICS

4289
02:17:44,389 --> 02:17:47,792
TO DISCUSS, I'M OPENING UP THE

4290
02:17:47,859 --> 02:17:57,969
FLOOR.

4291
02:18:40,145 --> 02:18:41,513
>> THIS IS MORE OF A THOUGHT

4292
02:18:41,579 --> 02:18:43,381
THAN A QUESTION BUT I'M NOT SURE

4293
02:18:43,448 --> 02:18:45,283
HOW TO PHRASE THIS, BUT AS I WAS

4294
02:18:45,350 --> 02:18:47,585
LISTENING TO THESE TALKS, AND

4295
02:18:47,652 --> 02:18:49,621
ESPECIALLY IN REGARDS TO THE

4296
02:18:49,688 --> 02:18:50,255
BIOREPOSITORIES, ONE THING THAT

4297
02:18:50,321 --> 02:18:54,125
I WAS REALLY THINKING ABOUT,

4298
02:18:54,192 --> 02:18:57,629
THERE'S OBVIOUSLY MANY DIFFERENT

4299
02:18:57,696 --> 02:18:58,863
BIOREPOSITORIES.

4300
02:18:58,930 --> 02:19:01,299
ONE COULD ARGUE WE NEED MORE.

4301
02:19:01,366 --> 02:19:02,567
THERE ARE TWO MODELS.

4302
02:19:02,634 --> 02:19:05,403
ONE WHICH IS WELL, LET'S BUILD

4303
02:19:05,470 --> 02:19:07,238
ONE GIGANTIC HUGE BIOREPOSITORY

4304
02:19:07,305 --> 02:19:08,440
THAT GOVERNMENT CONTROLS.

4305
02:19:08,506 --> 02:19:09,941
I DON'T KNOW IF THAT'S THE BEST

4306
02:19:10,008 --> 02:19:12,043
WAY TO GO.

4307
02:19:12,110 --> 02:19:13,678
BUT WE ALSO NEED TO BE ABLE TO

4308
02:19:13,745 --> 02:19:17,882
GET SAMPLES ACROSS A LOT OF

4309
02:19:17,949 --> 02:19:19,084
BIOREPOSITORIES AS SORT OF THE

4310
02:19:19,150 --> 02:19:21,753
FEDERATED MODEL FOR DATA SORT OF

4311
02:19:21,820 --> 02:19:23,521
COMES TO MIND, IT WAS COMING TO

4312
02:19:23,588 --> 02:19:24,956
MIND WHEN I THOUGHT ABOUT THAT.

4313
02:19:25,023 --> 02:19:26,024
DOES ANYBODY -- HAS ANYBODY

4314
02:19:26,091 --> 02:19:28,927
THOUGHT OR ARE THERE EXAMPLES OR

4315
02:19:28,993 --> 02:19:30,228
DOES ANYBODY HAVE ANY THOUGHTS

4316
02:19:30,295 --> 02:19:33,198
ON SORT OF HOW ONE COULD CREATE

4317
02:19:33,264 --> 02:19:36,301
A FEDERATED ECOSYSTEM FOR

4318
02:19:36,367 --> 02:19:37,969
BIOSAMPLES, IF SOMEBODY WANTED

4319
02:19:38,036 --> 02:19:39,604
TO GO, OH, I'M GOING TO DO THIS

4320
02:19:39,671 --> 02:19:42,607
STUDY AND THIS SUBTYPE OF

4321
02:19:42,674 --> 02:19:43,375
PREECLAMPSIA, NOW I CAN SEARCH

4322
02:19:43,441 --> 02:19:45,243
FOR IT AND FIND ALL THE

4323
02:19:45,310 --> 02:19:45,877
BIOSAMPLES.

4324
02:19:45,944 --> 02:19:47,946
SOMETHING LIKE THAT.

4325
02:19:48,012 --> 02:19:51,416
>> WE'RE INVOLVED IN ONE EXAMPLE

4326
02:19:51,483 --> 02:19:53,852
OF THAT IN A SMALL MICROCHASM,

4327
02:19:53,918 --> 02:19:55,720
SOMEWHAT SMALL MICROCHASM OF

4328
02:19:55,787 --> 02:19:57,922
PREECLAMPSIA AND THAT'S THE

4329
02:19:57,989 --> 02:19:59,557
COLAB GROUP, ORIGINALLY FUNDED

4330
02:19:59,624 --> 02:20:01,226
BY THE GATES FOUNDATION, AND IT

4331
02:20:01,292 --> 02:20:06,397
WAS LED BY LES MYATT AND JIM

4332
02:20:06,464 --> 02:20:09,100
ROBERTS AND MCGEE, AND THEY

4333
02:20:09,167 --> 02:20:10,835
WORKED TO GET A WHOLE BUNCH OF

4334
02:20:10,902 --> 02:20:12,170
PEOPLE INTERNATIONALLY TO SHARE

4335
02:20:12,237 --> 02:20:15,507
CLINICAL DATA AND SAMPLES, AND

4336
02:20:15,573 --> 02:20:16,841
SO THEY WORKED TO HAVE SOME KIND

4337
02:20:16,908 --> 02:20:20,411
OF DATA STRUCTURE AND IT'S NOT

4338
02:20:20,478 --> 02:20:22,680
AS SOPHISTICATED AS WHAT MY

4339
02:20:22,747 --> 02:20:23,448
COLLEAGUES HERE HAVE ALREADY

4340
02:20:23,515 --> 02:20:25,016
TALKED ABOUT BUT THAT WAS ONE

4341
02:20:25,083 --> 02:20:27,819
STEP AND THERE WAS A WHITE PAPER

4342
02:20:27,886 --> 02:20:31,256
ABOUT IT AT A BIG NIH WORKSHOP

4343
02:20:31,322 --> 02:20:32,891
ABOUT TRYING TO COLLECT THE

4344
02:20:32,957 --> 02:20:34,125
DATA, BUT THEN ALSO HAVING A

4345
02:20:34,192 --> 02:20:39,931
SORT OF FORMAL PRO SELLS, SO PRO

4346
02:20:39,998 --> 02:20:41,132
INTERNATIONALLY WITH THEIR

4347
02:20:41,199 --> 02:20:42,267
MEETINGS, ZOOM MEETINGS THANK

4348
02:20:42,333 --> 02:20:45,136
GOD, THAT PEOPLE WILL APPLY FOR

4349
02:20:45,203 --> 02:20:46,871
SAMPLES AND THEN THERE'S SORT OF

4350
02:20:46,938 --> 02:20:49,174
A GENERAL CALLOUT WHO'S GOT

4351
02:20:49,240 --> 02:20:52,210
THIS, AND THEN PEOPLE WITH THE

4352
02:20:52,277 --> 02:20:53,945
APPROPRIATE DATABASES OR

4353
02:20:54,012 --> 02:20:56,815
BIOREPOSITORIES KIND OF PIPE UP

4354
02:20:56,881 --> 02:20:58,183
AND THEN SHARE ACCORDINGLY, AND

4355
02:20:58,249 --> 02:20:59,717
THEN INDIVIDUALLY, AND THIS IS

4356
02:20:59,784 --> 02:21:01,052
THE HARD PART, IS INDIVIDUALLY

4357
02:21:01,119 --> 02:21:04,189
PEOPLE WORK OUT THEIR OWN

4358
02:21:04,255 --> 02:21:06,424
SPECIFIC SORT OF DATA OR

4359
02:21:06,491 --> 02:21:07,725
BIOSAMPLE SHARING AGREEMENTS.

4360
02:21:07,792 --> 02:21:09,928
AND SO THAT'S -- AS WE MOVE

4361
02:21:09,994 --> 02:21:11,529
FORWARD, THIS SORT OF GOVERNANCE

4362
02:21:11,596 --> 02:21:12,964
IS WHAT WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO

4363
02:21:13,031 --> 02:21:17,769
ACTUALLY START THINKING ABOUT.

4364
02:21:17,836 --> 02:21:20,238
>> WHAT I FOUND IS THE

4365
02:21:20,305 --> 02:21:21,773
CHALLENGE, FOR OUR REPOSITORY,

4366
02:21:21,840 --> 02:21:23,208
WE CAN FOLLOW LONG TERM HEALTH

4367
02:21:23,274 --> 02:21:24,776
OF THE MOM AND THE CHILD, SO

4368
02:21:24,843 --> 02:21:26,211
WHEN YOU HAVE SOMETHING LIKE A

4369
02:21:26,277 --> 02:21:27,212
REDCAP DATABASE WHERE YOU'RE

4370
02:21:27,278 --> 02:21:29,447
JUST EXTRACTING WHAT HAPPENED UP

4371
02:21:29,514 --> 02:21:30,415
UNTIL DELIVERY OR A LITTLE BIT

4372
02:21:30,481 --> 02:21:31,349
AFTERWARDS, THAT DOESN'T REALLY

4373
02:21:31,416 --> 02:21:32,717
ALLOW FOR THE LONG TERM

4374
02:21:32,784 --> 02:21:36,387
FOLLOW-UP AND SO FOR US, TERRING

4375
02:21:36,454 --> 02:21:38,923
ENTERING DATA INTO SOMETHING

4376
02:21:38,990 --> 02:21:40,625
LIKE THAT WOULD BE TOO

4377
02:21:40,692 --> 02:21:41,726
CUMBERSOME AND WOULD TAKE TIME

4378
02:21:41,793 --> 02:21:42,493
GOING BACK.

4379
02:21:42,560 --> 02:21:45,630
IN THE IHK, WE GO IN AND DO IT

4380
02:21:45,697 --> 02:21:46,397
AUTOMATICALLY AND DON'T HAVE TO

4381
02:21:46,464 --> 02:21:47,131
EXTRACT INFORMATION ON EACH OF

4382
02:21:47,198 --> 02:21:48,566
ARE OUR PARTICIPANTS BECAUSE WE

4383
02:21:48,633 --> 02:21:50,368
CAN JUST GO QUERY FOR IT WHEN WE

4384
02:21:50,435 --> 02:21:50,935
NEED IT.

4385
02:21:51,002 --> 02:21:52,136
SO THERE NEEDS TO BE SOME MORE

4386
02:21:52,203 --> 02:21:56,307
OF AN AUTOMATED WAY TO KEEP

4387
02:21:56,374 --> 02:21:56,574
DOING IT.

4388
02:21:56,641 --> 02:21:57,775
IT WAS HARD FOR US TO ENTER HOW

4389
02:21:57,842 --> 02:21:59,410
MANY PEOPLE WE HAVE IN THE IU

4390
02:21:59,477 --> 02:22:01,312
SYSTEM BECAUSE WE KEEP

4391
02:22:01,379 --> 02:22:02,847
ENROLLING, IT'S NOT A SET SYSTEM

4392
02:22:02,914 --> 02:22:04,282
SO IT'S HARD FOR ME TO ANSWER

4393
02:22:04,349 --> 02:22:05,617
WHAT WE HAVE BECAUSE WE KEEP

4394
02:22:05,683 --> 02:22:08,086
GETTING SAMPLES AND DATA.

4395
02:22:08,152 --> 02:22:11,789
>> SO THE NCI HAS A COUPLE OF

4396
02:22:11,856 --> 02:22:13,324
MODELS THAT MIGHT SUIT OR MIGHT

4397
02:22:13,391 --> 02:22:14,692
BE SOMETHING TO LOOK AT FOR YOUR

4398
02:22:14,759 --> 02:22:16,561
QUESTION.

4399
02:22:16,628 --> 02:22:18,663
THERE'S SOMETHING CALLED

4400
02:22:18,730 --> 02:22:19,497
SPECIMEN CENTRAL WHICH IS MEANT

4401
02:22:19,564 --> 02:22:21,666
TO BE AN AGGREGATION OF ALL THE

4402
02:22:21,733 --> 02:22:23,835
BIOBANKS OUT THERE FOR CANCER.

4403
02:22:23,902 --> 02:22:25,370
I DON'T KNOW HOW WELL IT'S USED

4404
02:22:25,436 --> 02:22:27,405
AND I DON'T KNOW HOW WELL IT'S

4405
02:22:27,472 --> 02:22:28,840
CURATING, BUT I DO KNOW THAT IT

4406
02:22:28,907 --> 02:22:29,474
EXISTS.

4407
02:22:29,540 --> 02:22:32,143
WE ALSO HAVE THE COOPERATIVE

4408
02:22:32,210 --> 02:22:35,647
HUMAN TISSUE NETWORK, WHICH IS A

4409
02:22:35,713 --> 02:22:36,281
PROSPECTIVE COLLECTION NETWORK.

4410
02:22:36,347 --> 02:22:38,416
IT IS FUNDED BY THE NCI, AND

4411
02:22:38,483 --> 02:22:41,352
THERE ARE MULTIPLE SITES WHICH

4412
02:22:41,419 --> 02:22:44,289
ARE CONTRACTED TO PROVIDE

4413
02:22:44,355 --> 02:22:45,790
SAMPLES TO INVESTIGATORS WHO ARE

4414
02:22:45,857 --> 02:22:46,891
ASKING FOR THEM.

4415
02:22:46,958 --> 02:22:51,229
SO IF YOU'RE LOOKING FOR GYN ONC

4416
02:22:51,296 --> 02:22:53,865
SAMPLES, YOU CAN SOLICIT ACROSS

4417
02:22:53,932 --> 02:22:56,100
THIS NETWORK AND SEE WHO'S GOT

4418
02:22:56,167 --> 02:22:57,769
SAMPLES AND THEY COULD BE

4419
02:22:57,835 --> 02:22:59,170
PROSPECTIVELY COLLECTED OR THEY

4420
02:22:59,237 --> 02:23:01,306
MIGHT BE IN THE BIOBANK.

4421
02:23:01,372 --> 02:23:02,674
THE CENTRAL BIOREPOSITORY AT THE

4422
02:23:02,740 --> 02:23:04,375
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN WAS MEANT

4423
02:23:04,442 --> 02:23:06,444
TO ADDRESS PART OF YOUR

4424
02:23:06,511 --> 02:23:06,778
QUESTION.

4425
02:23:06,844 --> 02:23:08,713
WE HAD A BIG QUESTION ABOUT DO

4426
02:23:08,780 --> 02:23:10,748
WE WANT TO FED RATE IT, DO WE

4427
02:23:10,815 --> 02:23:12,116
WANT TO CENTRALIZE IT IN ONE

4428
02:23:12,183 --> 02:23:12,684
INFRASTRUCTURE.

4429
02:23:12,750 --> 02:23:16,854
WE OPTED FOR THE 1 CENTRALIZATIN

4430
02:23:16,921 --> 02:23:18,389
BECAUSE IT WAS EASIER TO MANAGE

4431
02:23:18,456 --> 02:23:21,292
THE QUALITY OF THE BIOSPECIMENS

4432
02:23:21,359 --> 02:23:22,360
AND THE PROCESS OF THE STANDARD

4433
02:23:22,427 --> 02:23:23,027
OPERATING PROCEDURES.

4434
02:23:23,094 --> 02:23:24,162
BUT WE TRIED TO -- THE REASON

4435
02:23:24,228 --> 02:23:25,964
WHY WE HAVE SO MANY BIOBANKS

4436
02:23:26,030 --> 02:23:27,265
THAT ARE INCORPORATED INTO IT

4437
02:23:27,332 --> 02:23:29,000
WAS SO THAT WE COULD GET A WIDE

4438
02:23:29,067 --> 02:23:31,569
SWATH OF SAMPLES WITH THE EHR

4439
02:23:31,636 --> 02:23:33,671
DATA AND ANY INVESTIGATOR AT THE

4440
02:23:33,738 --> 02:23:37,041
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN WITH

4441
02:23:37,108 --> 02:23:37,575
PERMISSION CAN INVESTIGATE

4442
02:23:37,642 --> 02:23:39,010
WHETHER OR NOT THE SAMPLES THAT

4443
02:23:39,077 --> 02:23:42,146
THEY'RE LOOKING FOR ARE IN OUR

4444
02:23:42,213 --> 02:23:51,489
BIOBANK.

4445
02:23:51,556 --> 02:23:53,424
>> QUESTION TO THE HUGEAMP

4446
02:23:53,491 --> 02:23:53,758
PROJECT.

4447
02:23:53,825 --> 02:23:54,726
TWO QUESTIONS.

4448
02:23:54,792 --> 02:23:57,095
NUMBER ONE IS, SO THERE ARE A

4449
02:23:57,161 --> 02:24:00,598
NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS, THEY

4450
02:24:00,665 --> 02:24:03,534
ACTUALLY PUBLISHED META-ANALYSIS

4451
02:24:03,601 --> 02:24:06,037
ALREADY, SO IS THE KNOWLEDGE

4452
02:24:06,104 --> 02:24:07,438
BASIN TENSIONALLY COLLECTING

4453
02:24:07,505 --> 02:24:08,406
THOSE DATA AS WELL?

4454
02:24:08,473 --> 02:24:08,740
OKAY, GOOD.

4455
02:24:08,806 --> 02:24:09,974
>> IN FACT THAT'S THE MAJORITY

4456
02:24:10,041 --> 02:24:11,876
OF THE DATASETS WE HAVE, ARE

4457
02:24:11,943 --> 02:24:12,677
META-ANALYSIS, FOR SURE.

4458
02:24:12,744 --> 02:24:14,178
THOSE ARE MOST POWERFUL TO GET

4459
02:24:14,245 --> 02:24:17,648
AND EASIER TO GET -- FOR SURE.

4460
02:24:17,715 --> 02:24:20,952
>> MUCH CHEAPER.

4461
02:24:21,019 --> 02:24:22,553
AND THEN ABOUT THE DATA, I THINK

4462
02:24:22,620 --> 02:24:25,056
JASON ACTUALLY TALKED ABOUT THE

4463
02:24:25,123 --> 02:24:28,326
GWAS DATA, WHAT ABOUT THE OMICS,

4464
02:24:28,393 --> 02:24:30,261
LIKE TRANSCRIPTOMICS OR

4465
02:24:30,328 --> 02:24:31,796
PROTEOMICS, ARE YOU ALSO DOING

4466
02:24:31,863 --> 02:24:33,297
THOSE ANALYSES AS WELL?

4467
02:24:33,364 --> 02:24:36,634
>> YEAH, SO AT THE MOMENT, THE

4468
02:24:36,701 --> 02:24:38,603
WAY THAT THOSE ARE MOSTLY

4469
02:24:38,669 --> 02:24:40,938
HANDLED ARE EPIGENOMIC AN

4470
02:24:41,005 --> 02:24:43,207
ANNOTATIONS OF THE GENOME, AND

4471
02:24:43,274 --> 02:24:44,208
THE TRANSCRIPTOMIC IS SOMETHING

4472
02:24:44,275 --> 02:24:45,610
WE'RE JUST TACKLING NOW.

4473
02:24:45,676 --> 02:24:47,412
BASED ON THE ORIGINAL FOCUS ON

4474
02:24:47,478 --> 02:24:48,079
GENETICS, WE'VE ALWAYS BEEN

4475
02:24:48,146 --> 02:24:49,914
TRYING TO THINK ABOUT HOW DO YOU

4476
02:24:49,981 --> 02:24:51,582
CONNECT THAT TO THE GENETICS BUT

4477
02:24:51,649 --> 02:24:55,887
NOW WE'RE RE REALIZING THERE'S

4478
02:24:55,953 --> 02:24:58,556
VALUE -- WE'RE STARTING WITH

4479
02:24:58,623 --> 02:25:00,458
DIFFERENTIAL TYPE ANALYSES BUT

4480
02:25:00,525 --> 02:25:02,427
AGAIN APPLYING THE SAME

4481
02:25:02,493 --> 02:25:02,727
PHILOSOPHY.

4482
02:25:02,794 --> 02:25:06,230
>> HOW BIG A PREECLAMPSIA

4483
02:25:06,297 --> 02:25:07,165
GENOMICS STUDY YOU HAVE SO FAR?

4484
02:25:07,231 --> 02:25:08,900
>> THE GWAS STUDY WE HAVE?

4485
02:25:08,966 --> 02:25:10,101
>> YEAH.

4486
02:25:10,168 --> 02:25:11,669
>> I DON'T KNOW, IT'S PROBABLY

4487
02:25:11,736 --> 02:25:13,271
100 OR 200,000 PEOPLE, WHATEVER

4488
02:25:13,337 --> 02:25:19,310
THE BIGGEST ONE IS.

4489
02:25:19,377 --> 02:25:21,612
>> I HAD ONE QUICK QUESTION

4490
02:25:21,679 --> 02:25:23,748
WHICH WAS I THINK A LOT OF THE

4491
02:25:23,815 --> 02:25:27,885
CHALLENGES DISCUSSED INCLUDED

4492
02:25:27,952 --> 02:25:30,655
BEING RELIANT ON FUNDING CYCLES

4493
02:25:30,721 --> 02:25:33,691
AND HAVING TO START AND STOP

4494
02:25:33,758 --> 02:25:36,661
RECRUITMENT, BUT SOME SEEMED

4495
02:25:36,727 --> 02:25:38,696
LIKE THEY HAD A SELF STAINED

4496
02:25:38,763 --> 02:25:39,097
MODEL.

4497
02:25:39,163 --> 02:25:40,431
I WAS CURIOUS TO KNOW, WHAT

4498
02:25:40,498 --> 02:25:42,467
REALLY HELPS YOU HAVE A

4499
02:25:42,533 --> 02:25:45,303
SELF-SUSTAINING MODEL FOR

4500
02:25:45,369 --> 02:25:46,037
BIOBANKING?

4501
02:25:46,104 --> 02:25:48,606
IS IT INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

4502
02:25:48,673 --> 02:25:52,477
OR WHAT ARE THE THINGS YOU HAVE?

4503
02:25:52,543 --> 02:25:54,378
>> WE HAVE SOME INSTITUTIONAL

4504
02:25:54,445 --> 02:25:55,680
INVESTMENTS BUT WE ARE ALSO

4505
02:25:55,746 --> 02:25:56,681
VERY, VERY CHEAP.

4506
02:25:56,747 --> 02:25:59,250
WE JUST RUN FRUGALLY AS WE CAN,

4507
02:25:59,317 --> 02:26:00,551
WE GO ON AS MANY GRANTS AS WE

4508
02:26:00,618 --> 02:26:01,119
CAN.

4509
02:26:01,185 --> 02:26:02,487
THE BENEFIT TO THE UNIVERSITY OF

4510
02:26:02,553 --> 02:26:04,222
IOWA IS THAT WE HAVE

4511
02:26:04,288 --> 02:26:05,323
UNDERGRADUATES SO THEY ACTUALLY

4512
02:26:05,389 --> 02:26:07,024
ARE VERY HELPFUL TO RUNNING THE

4513
02:26:07,091 --> 02:26:09,093
LAB, LEARN HOW TO CONSENT, LEARN

4514
02:26:09,160 --> 02:26:10,161
HOW TO PROCESS SAMPLES, AND THEN

4515
02:26:10,228 --> 02:26:12,130
WE HAVE ADULT SCIENTISTS OVER

4516
02:26:12,196 --> 02:26:15,266
THEM.

4517
02:26:15,333 --> 02:26:16,934
THAT OVERSEE.

4518
02:26:17,001 --> 02:26:18,436
>> IT'S A VERY HYBRID MODEL.

4519
02:26:18,503 --> 02:26:20,738
YOU KNOW, A LOT OF IT IS -- IT

4520
02:26:20,805 --> 02:26:24,308
STARTED OFF BY AN INVESTMENT BY

4521
02:26:24,375 --> 02:26:25,943
OUR CHAIR AND THEN OUR COLLEGE

4522
02:26:26,010 --> 02:26:26,944
AND THEN IT WAS ALL OF OUR

4523
02:26:27,011 --> 02:26:27,912
GRANTS.

4524
02:26:27,979 --> 02:26:30,948
THIS -- WE ARE NOT A CORE, SO WE

4525
02:26:31,015 --> 02:26:32,717
DON'T SELL DATA OR SAMPLES.

4526
02:26:32,783 --> 02:26:33,885
EVERYTHING IS A COLLABORATION,

4527
02:26:33,951 --> 02:26:37,722
AND SO IT'S A LITTLE BIT --

4528
02:26:37,788 --> 02:26:38,890
DONNA AND I OFTEN TEASE THAT

4529
02:26:38,956 --> 02:26:40,324
WE'RE KIND OF THE BIOSAMPLE

4530
02:26:40,391 --> 02:26:42,760
DATA, YOU KNOW, LIKE LET ME GET

4531
02:26:42,827 --> 02:26:44,762
YOU YOUR FIRST SET AND ONCE YOU

4532
02:26:44,829 --> 02:26:45,663
GET ADDICTED TO WHAT YOU NEED

4533
02:26:45,730 --> 02:26:47,064
AND GET YOUR PRELIMINARY DATA,

4534
02:26:47,131 --> 02:26:50,334
WE GET YOU TO -- WE GO TOGETHER

4535
02:26:50,401 --> 02:26:51,536
IN THE NEXT STEP, WHETHER THAT'S

4536
02:26:51,602 --> 02:26:55,606
A PAPER OR A GRANT.

4537
02:26:55,673 --> 02:26:56,941
>> I THINK WE'RE ON THE OTHER

4538
02:26:57,008 --> 02:26:58,709
END OF THE SPECTRUM FOR THAT.

4539
02:26:58,776 --> 02:27:00,778
I THINK IT'S INSTITUTIONAL

4540
02:27:00,845 --> 02:27:02,613
SUPPORT FOR ANY OF THE GAPS IN

4541
02:27:02,680 --> 02:27:04,448
FUNDING BUT THEN A LOT OF IT IS

4542
02:27:04,515 --> 02:27:08,719
WE ARE A CORE AND SAMPLES ARE

4543
02:27:08,786 --> 02:27:11,122
PRICED PER SAMPLE, BUT

4544
02:27:11,189 --> 02:27:12,623
INTERNALLY, THAT ENDS UP BEING

4545
02:27:12,690 --> 02:27:15,159
VERY, VERY AFFORDABLE TO ANY OF

4546
02:27:15,226 --> 02:27:16,994
OUR RESEARCHERS, AND THEN SOME

4547
02:27:17,061 --> 02:27:19,730
OF THEM ARE STILL PROSPECTIVELY

4548
02:27:19,797 --> 02:27:21,032
COLLECTED BASED ON NIH FUNDING

4549
02:27:21,098 --> 02:27:23,334
AND THEN WE TAKE OVER ONCE THOSE

4550
02:27:23,401 --> 02:27:25,369
FUNDS RUN OUT, THEN IT'S AN

4551
02:27:25,436 --> 02:27:27,038
INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT.

4552
02:27:27,104 --> 02:27:32,710
>> I OVERSEE A PROGRAM IN THE

4553
02:27:32,777 --> 02:27:33,945
INNOVATIVE MEDICINES INITIATIVE

4554
02:27:34,011 --> 02:27:38,216
IN EUROPE, SO IT'S 28 COUNTRIES,

4555
02:27:38,282 --> 02:27:39,450
18 DIFFERENT REPOSITORIES, AND

4556
02:27:39,517 --> 02:27:42,587
WE HAVE DEVELOPED A FEDERATED

4557
02:27:42,653 --> 02:27:44,021
MODEL BECAUSE WE HAD TO, BECAUSE

4558
02:27:44,088 --> 02:27:46,224
YOU CAN'T PULL THE DATA OUT OF

4559
02:27:46,290 --> 02:27:47,458
NORDIC COUNTRIES AND YOU CAN'T

4560
02:27:47,525 --> 02:27:48,893
PULL THE SAMPLES OUT OF THE

4561
02:27:48,960 --> 02:27:51,429
NORDIC COUNTRIES, BUT -- AND WE

4562
02:27:51,495 --> 02:27:53,898
USE A KNOWLEDGE GRAPH TO

4563
02:27:53,965 --> 02:27:55,566
ACTUALLY REPRESENT WHAT THE

4564
02:27:55,633 --> 02:27:56,534
OVERALL STRUCTURE WOULD LOOK

4565
02:27:56,601 --> 02:27:58,836
LIKE BASED ON A MODEL OF

4566
02:27:58,903 --> 02:28:01,906
DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE, BUT THE

4567
02:28:01,973 --> 02:28:03,374
CHALLENGE THAT YOU ALSO HAVE, I

4568
02:28:03,441 --> 02:28:04,909
DON'T KNOW THAT ANYONE HAS

4569
02:28:04,976 --> 02:28:07,411
REALLY ADDRESSED, WHILE YOU'RE

4570
02:28:07,478 --> 02:28:08,646
LOOKING AT COMMON DATA ELEMENTS,

4571
02:28:08,713 --> 02:28:11,782
AND USING THAT AS SORT OF AN

4572
02:28:11,849 --> 02:28:15,653
INTEGRATION, INTRAINSTITUTIONAL

4573
02:28:15,720 --> 02:28:17,121
AND INTERINSTITUTIONAL, THE DATA

4574
02:28:17,188 --> 02:28:18,322
ELEMENT LABEL DOESN'T

4575
02:28:18,389 --> 02:28:20,758
NECESSARILY MEAN THE SAME THING,

4576
02:28:20,825 --> 02:28:24,028
AND SO WE'VE HAD TO SET UP AN

4577
02:28:24,095 --> 02:28:25,096
ENTIRE STRUCTURE SEPARATELY TO

4578
02:28:25,162 --> 02:28:28,933
BE ABLE TO ANNOTATE WHAT THAT

4579
02:28:29,000 --> 02:28:31,068
MEANS FROM EACH OF THE

4580
02:28:31,135 --> 02:28:33,604
INSTITUTIONS BECAUSE IT TESTS

4581
02:28:33,671 --> 02:28:36,841
FOR HER-2 -- IS NOT THE SAME IN

4582
02:28:36,907 --> 02:28:38,376
ONE INSTITUTION AS IT IS IN

4583
02:28:38,442 --> 02:28:39,076
ANOTHER, THE THRESHOLDS MAY NOT

4584
02:28:39,143 --> 02:28:42,013
BE THE SAME AS WELL AS THE TEST.

4585
02:28:42,079 --> 02:28:45,082
AND IF YOU DON'T TRACK THAT AND

4586
02:28:45,149 --> 02:28:46,684
THEN TRY TO USE THAT AS A BIG

4587
02:28:46,751 --> 02:28:48,886
DATA MODEL, IT CAUSES A LOT OF

4588
02:28:48,953 --> 02:28:49,654
PROBLEMS DOWNSTREAM.

4589
02:28:49,720 --> 02:28:51,289
I WONDERED HOW YOU'RE DEALING

4590
02:28:51,355 --> 02:28:54,358
WITH THAT.

4591
02:28:54,425 --> 02:28:56,427
>> WELL, THOSE ARE LIKE THE NEXT

4592
02:28:56,494 --> 02:28:59,664
STEPS AT LEAST FOR THE IHK,

4593
02:28:59,730 --> 02:29:02,433
TRYING TO MOVE TO THOSE COMMON

4594
02:29:02,500 --> 02:29:04,835
DATA ELEMENTS IN OMOP SO AT

4595
02:29:04,902 --> 02:29:06,871
LEAST WE CAN HAVE SOME

4596
02:29:06,937 --> 02:29:07,571
INTRAOPERABILITY BECAUSE WHAT WE

4597
02:29:07,638 --> 02:29:09,073
RUN INTO IS WE ARE TRYING TO GET

4598
02:29:09,140 --> 02:29:11,676
DATA FROM A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT

4599
02:29:11,742 --> 02:29:12,109
EHR.

4600
02:29:12,176 --> 02:29:16,380
BUT SOME OF THAT IS FIREABLE AND

4601
02:29:16,447 --> 02:29:17,348
OMOPABLE, THAT'S A TERM, SO

4602
02:29:17,415 --> 02:29:18,783
THESE ARE THINGS THAT WE HAVE

4603
02:29:18,849 --> 02:29:20,184
THIS SORT OF COMMON LANGUAGE

4604
02:29:20,251 --> 02:29:22,253
THAT OUR BMI FOLKS ARE WORKING

4605
02:29:22,320 --> 02:29:24,755
ON OUR -- OUR INFORMATICS FOLKS

4606
02:29:24,822 --> 02:29:26,257
ARE WORKING ON AND THAT'S SORT

4607
02:29:26,324 --> 02:29:28,125
OF OUR NEXT PHASE OF THE

4608
02:29:28,192 --> 02:29:28,659
INTERGENERATIONAL HEALTH

4609
02:29:28,726 --> 02:29:29,026
KNOWLEDGE BASE.

4610
02:29:29,093 --> 02:29:31,629
>> SO THAT, I THINK, IS REALLY

4611
02:29:31,696 --> 02:29:33,698
CRITICAL, BECAUSE WE ARE NOT

4612
02:29:33,764 --> 02:29:34,899
PULLING DATA OUT OF NORWAY.

4613
02:29:34,965 --> 02:29:36,233
WE ARE ONE COUNTRY AND WE SHOULD

4614
02:29:36,300 --> 02:29:38,102
BE ABLE TO SHARE DATA.

4615
02:29:38,169 --> 02:29:40,471
IF WE WANT TO HAVE A SHOT AT

4616
02:29:40,538 --> 02:29:43,641
FULLING TPULLING THESE SAMPLES R

4617
02:29:43,708 --> 02:29:46,043
AND ANALYZING THEM CENTRALLY,

4618
02:29:46,110 --> 02:29:47,878
SENDING AROUND EXCEL

4619
02:29:47,945 --> 02:29:49,613
SPREADSHEETS AND REDCAP -- TO GO

4620
02:29:49,680 --> 02:29:54,218
WITH THE SAMPLES IS REALLY

4621
02:29:54,285 --> 02:29:55,453
DIMINISHING THE VALUE OF THE

4622
02:29:55,519 --> 02:29:56,153
TENS OF THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS

4623
02:29:56,220 --> 02:29:57,788
THAT WE ARE GOING TO SPEND PER

4624
02:29:57,855 --> 02:30:00,157
SAMPLE TO RUN COMPLEX

4625
02:30:00,224 --> 02:30:01,258
MULTI-OMICS STUDIES ON.

4626
02:30:01,325 --> 02:30:04,395
IF WE CAN DO COMPLEX -- WE CAN

4627
02:30:04,462 --> 02:30:07,298
FIGURE OUT HOW TO SHARE EHR DATA

4628
02:30:07,365 --> 02:30:08,332
BETWEEN -- AND EPIC, OTHER

4629
02:30:08,399 --> 02:30:10,201
PEOPLE HAVE ALREADY DONE THAT, I

4630
02:30:10,267 --> 02:30:13,471
WAS DELIGHTED TO SEE THE

4631
02:30:13,537 --> 02:30:13,904
HL7 STANDARD.

4632
02:30:13,971 --> 02:30:18,042
IF WE CAN'T SHARE -- DATA, I

4633
02:30:18,109 --> 02:30:19,143
THINK THAT'S JUST A CONVERSATION

4634
02:30:19,210 --> 02:30:19,377
STOPPER.

4635
02:30:19,443 --> 02:30:20,978
THERE'S NO REASON TO SHARE

4636
02:30:21,045 --> 02:30:21,846
SAMPLES IF YOU CAN'T SHARE THE

4637
02:30:21,912 --> 02:30:25,282
DATA WITH IT.

4638
02:30:25,349 --> 02:30:27,251
>> PART OF THAT SPHIXING THE

4639
02:30:27,318 --> 02:30:27,618
MEDICAL RECORD.

4640
02:30:27,685 --> 02:30:29,387
WE SPENT A LOT OF TIME CHANGING

4641
02:30:29,453 --> 02:30:31,188
THE NOTES WHICH HAD TO BE THE

4642
02:30:31,255 --> 02:30:33,257
FIRST STEP SO THERE WERE MORE

4643
02:30:33,324 --> 02:30:34,125
DISCRETE FIELDS.

4644
02:30:34,191 --> 02:30:36,127
SOME OF OUR NOTES LOOK LIKE

4645
02:30:36,193 --> 02:30:37,228
DISCRETE FIELDS BUT THEY'RE NOT,

4646
02:30:37,294 --> 02:30:38,829
THEY'RE JUST TEMPLATES, SO

4647
02:30:38,896 --> 02:30:40,164
ACTUALLY HAVING MORE DISCRETE

4648
02:30:40,231 --> 02:30:43,968
FIELDS MADE IT -- TO PULL THINGS

4649
02:30:44,034 --> 02:30:44,769
OUT AUTOMATICALLY.

4650
02:30:44,835 --> 02:30:47,004
>> OF COURSE.

4651
02:30:47,071 --> 02:30:48,339
I AGREE WITH YOUR EARLIER

4652
02:30:48,406 --> 02:30:49,840
COMMENT THAT IF YOU ASK ME TO

4653
02:30:49,907 --> 02:30:52,042
FILL REDCAP FORMS I'M JUST NOT

4654
02:30:52,109 --> 02:30:53,144
GOING TO HAVE THE MANPOWER TO DO

4655
02:30:53,210 --> 02:30:53,411
IT.

4656
02:30:53,477 --> 02:30:55,179
ON THE OTHER END, AS A DATA

4657
02:30:55,246 --> 02:30:56,680
SCIENTIST, I DON'T WANT THE

4658
02:30:56,747 --> 02:30:57,648
REDCAP FORM, I WANT THE REAL

4659
02:30:57,715 --> 02:30:57,982
DATA.

4660
02:30:58,048 --> 02:31:02,653
WE ARE ALL THE SAME --

4661
02:31:02,720 --> 02:31:04,855
>> I'M SORRY, I CAN'T READ YOUR

4662
02:31:04,922 --> 02:31:06,257
NAME, YOU'VE BEEN WAITING TO ASK

4663
02:31:06,323 --> 02:31:08,959
FOR A WHILE NOW.

4664
02:31:09,026 --> 02:31:10,895
>> I'M FROM NATIONWIDE

4665
02:31:10,961 --> 02:31:11,328
CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL.

4666
02:31:11,395 --> 02:31:12,463
I HAVE QUESTIONS ON THE BIOBANK

4667
02:31:12,530 --> 02:31:12,797
SAMPLE.

4668
02:31:12,863 --> 02:31:15,199
I'M NOT SURE WHETHER THERE'S A

4669
02:31:15,266 --> 02:31:17,701
BIOBANK INTRODUCED AT WASHINGTON

4670
02:31:17,768 --> 02:31:19,336
UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF

4671
02:31:19,403 --> 02:31:22,940
MICHIGAN -- IOWA, SO ARE YOUR

4672
02:31:23,007 --> 02:31:25,976
BIOBANKS SUPPORTED -- AND IF NOT

4673
02:31:26,043 --> 02:31:26,610
SUPPORTED, HOW CAN YOU MAINTAIN

4674
02:31:26,677 --> 02:31:28,312
THE BIOBANKS AT THE SAME TIME

4675
02:31:28,379 --> 02:31:30,681
CAN I GET THE SAMPLE FROM YOUR

4676
02:31:30,748 --> 02:31:33,818
BIOBANK IN TERMS OF -- THANK

4677
02:31:33,884 --> 02:31:36,220
YOU.

4678
02:31:36,287 --> 02:31:39,523
>> YES TO ALL OF THE QUESTIONS.

4679
02:31:39,590 --> 02:31:45,196
SO WE ARE -- THE EP CENTRAL

4680
02:31:45,262 --> 02:31:46,163
BIOREPOSITORY IS A CORE

4681
02:31:46,230 --> 02:31:47,364
STRUCTURE, WE ARE A RECHARGE

4682
02:31:47,431 --> 02:31:47,731
OPERATION.

4683
02:31:47,798 --> 02:31:49,333
MANY OF THE FOLKS WHO ARE USING

4684
02:31:49,400 --> 02:31:50,835
THE BIOBANK ARE FUNDED BY NIH.

4685
02:31:50,901 --> 02:31:55,639
WE HAVE SEVERAL COLLECTIONS THAT

4686
02:31:55,706 --> 02:31:57,041
ARE SPECIFICALLY FUNDED BY NIH

4687
02:31:57,107 --> 02:31:59,343
AND THE SAMPLES ARE AVAILABLE

4688
02:31:59,410 --> 02:32:02,279
FOR EXTRAMURAL USE.

4689
02:32:02,346 --> 02:32:04,048
IF THEY'RE FUNDED THROUGH THE

4690
02:32:04,114 --> 02:32:06,283
NIH, THEN YOU GO THROUGH THE NIH

4691
02:32:06,350 --> 02:32:07,618
STEERING COMMITTEE, IF THEY'RE

4692
02:32:07,685 --> 02:32:08,586
FUNDED THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY OF

4693
02:32:08,652 --> 02:32:10,888
MICHIGAN OR ON A GRANT THAT IS

4694
02:32:10,955 --> 02:32:11,922
HOUSED AT UNIVERSITY OF

4695
02:32:11,989 --> 02:32:13,791
MICHIGAN, THEN YOU GO THROUGH

4696
02:32:13,858 --> 02:32:16,060
OUR PROCEDURES AND I CAN TALK

4697
02:32:16,126 --> 02:32:22,600
WITH YOU AFTERWARDS.

4698
02:32:22,666 --> 02:32:24,168
>> IN THE INTEREST OF TIME WE'LL

4699
02:32:24,235 --> 02:32:26,670
TAKE ONE LAST QUESTION AND THEN

4700
02:32:26,737 --> 02:32:27,037
WRAP UP.

4701
02:32:27,104 --> 02:32:28,639
>> I JUST WANT TO BRING

4702
02:32:28,706 --> 02:32:31,141
EVERYTHING BASED ON THE HUGEAMP

4703
02:32:31,208 --> 02:32:32,209
PRESENTATION, SO I'M SURPRISED

4704
02:32:32,276 --> 02:32:34,645
THAT YOU CAN GET ON IN HALF AN

4705
02:32:34,712 --> 02:32:37,114
HOUR BECAUSE I AM THE DATA

4706
02:32:37,181 --> 02:32:38,115
SCIENTIST WHO SPENDS WEEKS

4707
02:32:38,182 --> 02:32:39,517
TRYING TO GET ON THE

4708
02:32:39,583 --> 02:32:41,819
DIFFERENT -- EVEN THE CFDE, ALL

4709
02:32:41,886 --> 02:32:42,853
THE DIFFERENT PARTS, BECAUSE

4710
02:32:42,920 --> 02:32:43,888
EVEN THOUGH IT'S THE COMMON

4711
02:32:43,954 --> 02:32:47,258
FUND, IT'S LIKE IN THE DIFFERENT

4712
02:32:47,324 --> 02:32:48,158
CONSORTIA.

4713
02:32:48,225 --> 02:32:50,861
BUT ONE THING THAT I THINK IS

4714
02:32:50,928 --> 02:32:52,162
REALLY DIFFICULT NOW IS THAT

4715
02:32:52,229 --> 02:32:55,065
SOME OF THE DATASETS END UP

4716
02:32:55,132 --> 02:32:58,068
BEING CLOSED, SO FOR EXAMPLE,

4717
02:32:58,135 --> 02:33:01,038
ALL-OF-US, YOU HAVE TO WORK ON

4718
02:33:01,105 --> 02:33:02,106
TERRA, SO THEN TRYING TO

4719
02:33:02,172 --> 02:33:04,174
INTEGRATE ALL OF THE ALL-OF-US

4720
02:33:04,241 --> 02:33:05,709
DATA WITH DATA, SAY, FROM OTHER

4721
02:33:05,776 --> 02:33:07,778
CONSORTIA OR FROM A GIVEN LAB, A

4722
02:33:07,845 --> 02:33:09,747
GIVEN LAB MAY WANT TO VALIDATE

4723
02:33:09,813 --> 02:33:12,316
THEIR RESULTS AGAINST ALL-OF-US,

4724
02:33:12,383 --> 02:33:13,884
THEN IT'S REALLY, REALLY HARD,

4725
02:33:13,951 --> 02:33:15,719
AND IT'S REALLY, REALLY

4726
02:33:15,786 --> 02:33:15,986
EXPENSIVE.

4727
02:33:16,053 --> 02:33:20,424
AND SO I GUESS IS THERE A PLAN,

4728
02:33:20,491 --> 02:33:21,992
BECAUSE DIFFERENT NIH INSTITUTES

4729
02:33:22,059 --> 02:33:24,261
HAVE THEIR FAVORITE ENVIRONMENT,

4730
02:33:24,328 --> 02:33:25,696
RIGHT?

4731
02:33:25,763 --> 02:33:29,366
LIKE THERE'S SCIVATICA TOO.

4732
02:33:29,433 --> 02:33:32,102
SO HOW ARE WE SUPPOSED TO BRIDGE

4733
02:33:32,169 --> 02:33:33,837
THROUGH WHEN WE'RE REALLY TRYING

4734
02:33:33,904 --> 02:33:35,239
TO LEVERAGE MULTI-OMICS DATA --

4735
02:33:35,306 --> 02:33:38,108
YOU MAY EVEN WANT ATAC SEQ FROM

4736
02:33:38,175 --> 02:33:39,710
PANCREAS BUT IT MIGHT BE LIVING

4737
02:33:39,777 --> 02:33:43,781
IN LIKE 15 DIFFERENT PLACES.

4738
02:33:43,847 --> 02:33:44,982
>> YOU CAN GO AHEAD.

4739
02:33:45,049 --> 02:33:48,619
>> I THINK THAT'S A REALLY HARD

4740
02:33:48,686 --> 02:33:51,055
QUESTION ABOUT GETTING ASSAYS ON

4741
02:33:51,121 --> 02:33:51,522
UNDERLYING DATA.

4742
02:33:51,589 --> 02:33:52,556
THAT'S BEYOND THE SCOPE PROBABLY

4743
02:33:52,623 --> 02:33:53,791
OF HERE WE COULD ANSWER, BUT I

4744
02:33:53,857 --> 02:33:56,427
WOULD SAY THAT IF YOU CAN DEFINE

4745
02:33:56,493 --> 02:33:58,062
AN ANALYSIS UP FRONT THAT YOU

4746
02:33:58,128 --> 02:34:00,531
WANT TO DO, MORE

4747
02:34:00,598 --> 02:34:01,632
HYPOTHESIS-DRIVEN OR QUESTION

4748
02:34:01,699 --> 02:34:02,833
RESEARCH, I THINK THAT IS AN

4749
02:34:02,900 --> 02:34:03,601
EASIER PROBLEM TO SOLVE AND

4750
02:34:03,667 --> 02:34:05,035
THAT'S KIND OF WHERE WE COME IN,

4751
02:34:05,102 --> 02:34:05,903
IF THAT MAKES SENSE.

4752
02:34:05,970 --> 02:34:07,538
IF YOU'RE LIKE I WANT TO

4753
02:34:07,605 --> 02:34:09,039
VALIDATE WHETHER THIS SPECIFIC

4754
02:34:09,106 --> 02:34:11,008
GENE HAS ASSOCIATIONS ACROSS THE

4755
02:34:11,075 --> 02:34:12,977
DATA, THAT SEEMS LIKE IT CAN BE

4756
02:34:13,043 --> 02:34:14,478
SOLVED MUCH MORE QUICKLY THAN

4757
02:34:14,545 --> 02:34:17,548
HOW DO I SE CENTRALIZE -- HOW DI

4758
02:34:17,615 --> 02:34:19,083
GET ALL THE DATA IN ONE PLACE I

4759
02:34:19,149 --> 02:34:20,584
CAN ANALYZE, IF THAT MAKES

4760
02:34:20,651 --> 02:34:20,784
SENSE.

4761
02:34:20,851 --> 02:34:22,019
THAT IS A MUCH TOUGHER --

4762
02:34:22,086 --> 02:34:24,221
>> SO WE'RE DOING SOMETHING

4763
02:34:24,288 --> 02:34:25,823
REALLY DUMB, SO WE WANT TO LOOK

4764
02:34:25,889 --> 02:34:28,125
AT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MALE

4765
02:34:28,192 --> 02:34:29,660
AND FEMALE IN THREE DIFFERENT

4766
02:34:29,727 --> 02:34:31,261
TISSUE, BRAIN, HEART, LIVER, AND

4767
02:34:31,328 --> 02:34:33,130
WE WANT TO KNOW HOW THAT

4768
02:34:33,197 --> 02:34:34,331
OPERATES AT MULTI-SCALES.

4769
02:34:34,398 --> 02:34:36,533
THE TISSUE SCALE, AND THEN THE

4770
02:34:36,600 --> 02:34:37,968
CELLULAR SCALE, FOR EXAMPLE.

4771
02:34:38,035 --> 02:34:40,471
SO THERE'S SINGLE CELL DATA,

4772
02:34:40,537 --> 02:34:41,905
THERE'S BULK TISSUE DATA, ALL

4773
02:34:41,972 --> 02:34:43,307
KINDS OF DIFFERENT -- AND IT'S

4774
02:34:43,374 --> 02:34:43,607
REALLY HARD.

4775
02:34:43,674 --> 02:34:45,609
EVEN THAT REALLY DUMB QUESTION,

4776
02:34:45,676 --> 02:34:47,411
RIGHT, TO ASK, AND SO -- BUT

4777
02:34:47,478 --> 02:34:48,679
FIRST IF I WENT INTO IT, I WAS

4778
02:34:48,746 --> 02:34:49,880
LIKE OH, WE CAN JUST GO

4779
02:34:49,947 --> 02:34:50,314
SHOPPING.

4780
02:34:50,381 --> 02:34:51,281
THERE MUST BE A SHOPPING CART

4781
02:34:51,348 --> 02:34:53,217
YOU CAN SAY, I WANT DATA FROM

4782
02:34:53,283 --> 02:34:55,519
THESE TISSUES, USING THIS ASSAY,

4783
02:34:55,586 --> 02:34:57,488
AND THEN LOOK THROUGH THE COMMON

4784
02:34:57,554 --> 02:34:58,656
FUND.

4785
02:34:58,722 --> 02:34:59,323
YOU CAN'T -- THERE IS NO

4786
02:34:59,390 --> 02:35:01,091
SHOPPING CART.

4787
02:35:01,158 --> 02:35:03,160
>> SO THAT IS A PROBLEM FOR THE

4788
02:35:03,227 --> 02:35:06,330
COMMON FUND, THERE'S NEW DATA

4789
02:35:06,397 --> 02:35:07,631
RESOURCE CENTER AND KNOWLEDGE

4790
02:35:07,698 --> 02:35:08,832
CENTER THAT ARE TRYING TO MAKE

4791
02:35:08,899 --> 02:35:09,933
THAT GOING BEYOND THAT, I THINK

4792
02:35:10,000 --> 02:35:13,303
IS GOING TO BE HARDER, BUT I

4793
02:35:13,370 --> 02:35:15,506
THINK YOU -- LIKE HOW ODYSSEY

4794
02:35:15,572 --> 02:35:17,541
DOES IT, HOW YOU KIND OF DEFINE

4795
02:35:17,608 --> 02:35:18,308
YOUR ANALYSIS, YOU SUBMIT IT.

4796
02:35:18,375 --> 02:35:19,743
I THINK YOU COULD TACKLE THAT

4797
02:35:19,810 --> 02:35:21,478
PROBLEM OR YOU COULD MAYBE

4798
02:35:21,545 --> 02:35:22,546
DEFINE THAT ANALYSIS

4799
02:35:22,613 --> 02:35:23,447
SPECIFICALLY AND MAYBE MAKE THAT

4800
02:35:23,514 --> 02:35:24,748
LESS PAINFUL, BUT THAT'S

4801
02:35:24,815 --> 02:35:26,383
OBVIOUSLY A LOT OF WORK.

4802
02:35:26,450 --> 02:35:27,785
I DON'T KNOW IF YOU WANT TO ADD

4803
02:35:27,851 --> 02:35:27,985
TO IT.

4804
02:35:28,052 --> 02:35:30,287
>> I JUST THINK IT'S A

4805
02:35:30,354 --> 02:35:30,854
TWO-PRONGED PROBLEM.

4806
02:35:30,921 --> 02:35:32,623
IN MANY CASES, DO YOU WANT THE

4807
02:35:32,690 --> 02:35:33,524
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL DATA YOURSELF

4808
02:35:33,590 --> 02:35:35,125
OR DO YOU WANT THE RESULTS?

4809
02:35:35,192 --> 02:35:36,760
LIKE DO YOU WANT TO BE ABLE TO,

4810
02:35:36,827 --> 02:35:38,829
LIKE -- I THINK THAT'S WHEN THE

4811
02:35:38,896 --> 02:35:39,697
CHALLENGE IS BECAUSE YOU DON'T

4812
02:35:39,763 --> 02:35:41,532
WANT TO ACTUALLY HAVE ACCESS TO

4813
02:35:41,598 --> 02:35:42,833
EVERY SINGLE REPOSITORY TO

4814
02:35:42,900 --> 02:35:45,135
FIGURE OUT THE GYMNASTICS TO GET

4815
02:35:45,202 --> 02:35:46,737
AT THEM BUT YOU HAVE TO SPECIFIC

4816
02:35:46,804 --> 02:35:47,971
YOU WANT TO ASK, IS THAT

4817
02:35:48,038 --> 02:35:48,372
CORRECT?

4818
02:35:48,439 --> 02:35:50,007
>> WELL, SO THAT'S ACTUALLY --

4819
02:35:50,074 --> 02:35:52,443
SO I THINK THE SAME QUESTION OF

4820
02:35:52,509 --> 02:35:53,811
THE BIOREPOSITORY THAT ACTUALLY

4821
02:35:53,877 --> 02:35:55,245
IF YOU REALLY WANT TO TRUST YOUR

4822
02:35:55,312 --> 02:35:57,014
DATA, YOU WANT THAT NITTY

4823
02:35:57,081 --> 02:35:57,581
GRITTY, RIGHT?

4824
02:35:57,648 --> 02:35:59,183
YOU WANT THE ACCESS TO THE

4825
02:35:59,249 --> 02:36:00,718
CLINICAL DATA, SO YOU KNOW THAT

4826
02:36:00,784 --> 02:36:02,019
YOUR SAMPLE ACTUALLY HAS WHAT

4827
02:36:02,086 --> 02:36:04,521
YOU SAY IT HAS WHEN YOU'RE DOING

4828
02:36:04,588 --> 02:36:05,189
YOUR ANALYSIS.

4829
02:36:05,255 --> 02:36:08,692
SAME THING WHEN YOU'RE DOING DAY

4830
02:36:08,759 --> 02:36:10,227
DATA ANALYSIS, YOU WANT THAT RAW

4831
02:36:10,294 --> 02:36:11,862
DATA SO YOU CAN CONTROL ALL OF

4832
02:36:11,929 --> 02:36:13,297
THAT PREPROCESS NORMALIZATION,

4833
02:36:13,363 --> 02:36:14,898
CLEANING, UNDERSTANDING IF

4834
02:36:14,965 --> 02:36:17,000
THERE'S SOMETHING KOOKY, RIGHT,

4835
02:36:17,067 --> 02:36:20,137
YOU MAY END UP WITH SAMPLES FROM

4836
02:36:20,204 --> 02:36:20,804
A GIVEN SITE THAT'S WAY OUT

4837
02:36:20,871 --> 02:36:23,240
THERE IN YOUR ANALYSIS, YOU HAVE

4838
02:36:23,307 --> 02:36:25,109
ALL THAT UNDERLYING METADATA,

4839
02:36:25,175 --> 02:36:26,076
WHY IS THAT SITE DIFFERENT FROM

4840
02:36:26,143 --> 02:36:27,144
ALL THE OTHER SITES?

4841
02:36:27,211 --> 02:36:29,012
SHOULD I JUST SENSOR IT OR IS

4842
02:36:29,079 --> 02:36:32,182
THERE SOME WAY I CAN CORRECT --

4843
02:36:32,249 --> 02:36:34,451
SO I THINK THAT'S THE PROBLEM,

4844
02:36:34,518 --> 02:36:35,886
WE'RE TRYING TO OPERATE AND GET

4845
02:36:35,953 --> 02:36:37,654
THE BEST SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

4846
02:36:37,721 --> 02:36:39,156
POSSIBLE, HAVING SORT OF

4847
02:36:39,223 --> 02:36:40,691
INCOMPLETE FEELERS INTO THE

4848
02:36:40,758 --> 02:36:43,060
BACKGROUND OF OUR DATA.

4849
02:36:43,127 --> 02:36:45,162
>> I KNOW WE'RE OVER TIME BUT

4850
02:36:45,229 --> 02:36:46,797
JUST ONE COMMENT ON THAT BECAUSE

4851
02:36:46,864 --> 02:36:48,866
I THINK ONCE YOU START TO

4852
02:36:48,932 --> 02:36:49,633
CONCEPTUALIZE THAT RESEARCH

4853
02:36:49,700 --> 02:36:51,568
QUESTION NOT JUST AS A ONE SHOT

4854
02:36:51,635 --> 02:36:53,237
THING BUT A PROGRESSIVE LIKE

4855
02:36:53,303 --> 02:36:54,571
PUTTING FEELERS OUT AND

4856
02:36:54,638 --> 02:36:56,206
GRADUALLY INVESTING MORE, LIKE I

4857
02:36:56,273 --> 02:36:57,608
THINK THAT'S A MODEL A LOT OF US

4858
02:36:57,674 --> 02:36:58,342
HAVE IN OUR LABS.

4859
02:36:58,408 --> 02:37:00,110
YOU HAVE A BUNCH OF IDEAS, THEN

4860
02:37:00,177 --> 02:37:01,545
YOU'LL EVENTUALLY ASSIGN ONE TO

4861
02:37:01,612 --> 02:37:02,746
AN UNDERGRAD WHO COMES IN AND

4862
02:37:02,813 --> 02:37:04,047
THEN IF THEY HAVE GOOD

4863
02:37:04,114 --> 02:37:06,250
PRELIMINARY DATA, NOW YOU'LL

4864
02:37:06,316 --> 02:37:06,717
INVEST MORE RESOURCES.

4865
02:37:06,784 --> 02:37:07,885
SO I THINK THE WAY WE THINK

4866
02:37:07,951 --> 02:37:10,053
ABOUT IT IS, CAN WE PULL LIKE

4867
02:37:10,120 --> 02:37:11,221
THAT FIRST GLIMPSE AT IT SO

4868
02:37:11,288 --> 02:37:13,023
YOU'RE LIKE, AH, THAT ANALYSIS

4869
02:37:13,090 --> 02:37:14,424
NOW MAKES SENSE FOR ME TO GO

4870
02:37:14,491 --> 02:37:16,193
OBTAIN THE NITTY GRITTY DATA,

4871
02:37:16,260 --> 02:37:16,493
RIGHT?

4872
02:37:16,560 --> 02:37:18,462
SO NOW YOU LIKE KNOW -- YOU HAVE

4873
02:37:18,529 --> 02:37:20,197
ENOUGH THAT YOU'VE SEEN THAT YOU

4874
02:37:20,264 --> 02:37:22,166
NOW ARE NOT GOING IN BLIND AND

4875
02:37:22,232 --> 02:37:23,467
YOU'RE LIKE OKAY, I KNOW IT'S

4876
02:37:23,534 --> 02:37:24,568
GOING TO BE PAINFUL TO DO ALL

4877
02:37:24,635 --> 02:37:26,703
THIS STUFF BUT NOW IT'S WORTH IT

4878
02:37:26,770 --> 02:37:27,638
BECAUSE I AT LEAST HAVE SOME

4879
02:37:27,704 --> 02:37:28,038
PRELIMINARY DATA.

4880
02:37:28,105 --> 02:37:34,211
>> I GUESS OWSH IS OUR ISSUE ISR

4881
02:37:34,278 --> 02:37:36,046
DICER DOES THAT, THE SLICER

4882
02:37:36,113 --> 02:37:37,581
DICER IS SO SCREWED UP THAT IT

4883
02:37:37,648 --> 02:37:39,116
MAY TELL YOU THERE IS NO

4884
02:37:39,183 --> 02:37:41,051
QUESTION THERE WHEN THERE IS A

4885
02:37:41,118 --> 02:37:42,386
QUESTION, OR IT MAY TELL YOU

4886
02:37:42,452 --> 02:37:43,921
THERE IS SOMETHING THERE WHEN

4887
02:37:43,987 --> 02:37:45,522
IT'S JUST ARTIFACT, RIGHT?

4888
02:37:45,589 --> 02:37:48,358
SO I GUESS IT'S LIKE HOW DO WE

4889
02:37:48,425 --> 02:37:49,159
IMPROVE THAT LAYER.

4890
02:37:49,226 --> 02:37:52,963
>> WE CAN BE A LITTLE BIT

4891
02:37:53,030 --> 02:37:54,598
MORE -- THE ODYSSEY MODEL WHERE

4892
02:37:54,665 --> 02:37:55,499
EVERYBODY OPTS IN BASED ON THE

4893
02:37:55,566 --> 02:37:55,966
QUESTION.

4894
02:37:56,033 --> 02:37:59,670
BUT THE PARALLEL TO ODYSSEY IS

4895
02:37:59,736 --> 02:38:01,471
PETE'SNET WHERE THEY DO HAVE

4896
02:38:01,538 --> 02:38:02,673
EVERYTHING CENTRALLY IN ONE

4897
02:38:02,739 --> 02:38:04,541
PLACE, FRESH OUT OF THE EHR AND

4898
02:38:04,608 --> 02:38:07,711
YOU CAN ASK ANY QUESTION THAT

4899
02:38:07,778 --> 02:38:09,680
YOU WANT, I HOPE MAYBE NOT

4900
02:38:09,746 --> 02:38:10,881
IMMEDIATELY BUT ONE DAY WE CAN

4901
02:38:10,948 --> 02:38:12,583
GET TO PLACE WHERE THINGS ARE

4902
02:38:12,649 --> 02:38:13,250
ACCESSIBLE THE WAY YOU WANT THEM

4903
02:38:13,317 --> 02:38:18,121
TO BE, NOT IN ISOLATED PLACES.

4904
02:38:18,188 --> 02:38:18,755
>> OKAY.

4905
02:38:18,822 --> 02:38:21,058
WITH THAT, LET'S WRAP UP THIS

4906
02:38:21,124 --> 02:38:21,925
SESSION.

4907
02:38:21,992 --> 02:38:24,661
THANK YOU TO THE SPEAKERS FOR

4908
02:38:24,728 --> 02:38:27,064
SHARING YOUR EXCELLENT INSIGHTS

4909
02:38:27,130 --> 02:38:28,165
AND WORK.

4910
02:38:28,232 --> 02:38:32,302
ROUND OF APPLAUSE.

4911
02:38:32,369 --> 02:38:35,939
WE'RE ABLE TO TAKE A QUICK BREAK

4912
02:38:36,006 --> 02:38:37,574
AND REGROUP BY 11:10

4913
02:38:37,641 --> 02:38:40,210
>> GOOD MORNING.

4914
02:38:40,277 --> 02:38:43,380
I'M MELISSA JONES REYES, I'M

4915
02:38:43,447 --> 02:38:47,184
WITH THE FNH, MOVING SCIENCE

4916
02:38:47,251 --> 02:38:48,518
FORWARD WITH CURRENT AND

4917
02:38:48,585 --> 02:38:50,621
EMERGING RESEARCH AND DIAGNOSTIC

4918
02:38:50,687 --> 02:38:51,154
TECHNOLOGIES.

4919
02:38:51,221 --> 02:38:52,890
OUR FIRST SPEAKER WILL BE LOUIS

4920
02:38:52,956 --> 02:38:54,825
LAURENT FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF

4921
02:38:54,892 --> 02:39:05,269
CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO.

4922
02:39:21,285 --> 02:39:22,552
>> I'M GOING TO TALK A LITTLE

4923
02:39:22,619 --> 02:39:23,854
BIT ABOUT TWO THINGS, KIND OF

4924
02:39:23,921 --> 02:39:25,489
COMING FROM MY GROUP, AND I

4925
02:39:25,555 --> 02:39:27,357
REALLY APPRECIATE THE

4926
02:39:27,424 --> 02:39:28,458
OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENT THESE

4927
02:39:28,525 --> 02:39:29,126
THINGS.

4928
02:39:29,192 --> 02:39:30,727
SO ONE IS ABOUT THE MULTI-OMICS

4929
02:39:30,794 --> 02:39:32,462
FOR HEALTH AND DISEASE

4930
02:39:32,529 --> 02:39:34,298
CONSORTIUM, WHICH MY GROUP IS

4931
02:39:34,364 --> 02:39:35,966
ONE OF THE DISEASE STUDY SITES

4932
02:39:36,033 --> 02:39:38,502
FOR.

4933
02:39:38,568 --> 02:39:41,338
WE'LL TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT

4934
02:39:41,405 --> 02:39:42,973
KIND OF THE OPPORTUNITIES AND

4935
02:39:43,040 --> 02:39:44,508
CHALLENGES OF WORKING WITH A

4936
02:39:44,574 --> 02:39:46,476
CONSORTIUM THAT CROSSES MANY

4937
02:39:46,543 --> 02:39:48,712
DIFFERENT TYPES OF DISEASE, OF

4938
02:39:48,779 --> 02:39:49,980
WHICH WE'RE THE ONLY

4939
02:39:50,047 --> 02:39:54,785
REPRODUCTIVE GROUP.

4940
02:39:54,851 --> 02:39:57,788
SO THE VISION OF THE MOHD CORE

4941
02:39:57,854 --> 02:39:59,923
SORE SHUM OVERALL IS TO ADVANCE

4942
02:39:59,990 --> 02:40:01,358
THE APPLICATION OF MULTI-OMICS

4943
02:40:01,425 --> 02:40:03,193
TO BOTH HEALTH AND DISEASE IN

4944
02:40:03,260 --> 02:40:04,828
MINORITY ANCESTRY POPULATIONS

4945
02:40:04,895 --> 02:40:06,697
THROUGH A HARMONIZED AND

4946
02:40:06,763 --> 02:40:07,464
INTEGRATED DATABASE MADE

4947
02:40:07,531 --> 02:40:08,699
AVAILABLE AS APPROPRIATE TO THE

4948
02:40:08,765 --> 02:40:11,168
PUBLIC AND RESEARCHERS.

4949
02:40:11,234 --> 02:40:13,570
AND WE HAVE SEVERAL PROGRAM

4950
02:40:13,637 --> 02:40:16,206
GOALS THAT WERE JOINTLY

4951
02:40:16,273 --> 02:40:18,608
CONSTRUCTED AMONG THE GROUPS.

4952
02:40:18,675 --> 02:40:21,445
ONE IS TO VALIDATE AND ENHANCE

4953
02:40:21,511 --> 02:40:22,446
GENERALIZABLE MULTI-OMICS

4954
02:40:22,512 --> 02:40:23,981
APPROACHES TO IDENTIFY

4955
02:40:24,047 --> 02:40:25,282
MEANINGFUL BIOLOGICAL CHANGES

4956
02:40:25,349 --> 02:40:26,383
RELATED TO HEALTH AND DISEASE.

4957
02:40:26,450 --> 02:40:28,218
THE SECOND IS TO EXPLORE THE USE

4958
02:40:28,285 --> 02:40:30,420
OF MULTI-OMICS TO DETECT AND

4959
02:40:30,487 --> 02:40:31,288
ASSESS MOLECULAR PROFILES

4960
02:40:31,355 --> 02:40:32,255
ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTHY AND

4961
02:40:32,322 --> 02:40:33,256
DISEASE STATES.

4962
02:40:33,323 --> 02:40:34,691
ALSO TO LEVERAGE EXPLORATORY

4963
02:40:34,758 --> 02:40:36,760
STUDIES TO DEVELOP GENERALIZABLE

4964
02:40:36,827 --> 02:40:38,729
DATA HARMONIZATION, INTEGRATION

4965
02:40:38,795 --> 02:40:41,565
AND ANALYSIS METHODS, BEST

4966
02:40:41,631 --> 02:40:42,332
PRACTICES AND STANDARDS, AND

4967
02:40:42,399 --> 02:40:44,067
FINALLY TO CREATE A

4968
02:40:44,134 --> 02:40:45,702
MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATASET AND

4969
02:40:45,769 --> 02:40:46,603
VISUALIZATION PORTAL THAT IS

4970
02:40:46,670 --> 02:40:47,671
AVAILABLE TO THE WIDER RESEARCH

4971
02:40:47,738 --> 02:40:48,772
COMMUNITY.

4972
02:40:48,839 --> 02:40:52,342
AND IS INTEROPERABLE WITH DATA

4973
02:40:52,409 --> 02:40:53,810
FROM OTHER CONSORTIA AND

4974
02:40:53,877 --> 02:41:00,484
INITIATIVES.

4975
02:41:00,550 --> 02:41:03,420
SO THIS IS AN OVERALL

4976
02:41:03,487 --> 02:41:04,855
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF

4977
02:41:04,921 --> 02:41:05,055
MOHD.

4978
02:41:05,122 --> 02:41:06,623
IT IS A CONSORTIUM, IT HAS

4979
02:41:06,690 --> 02:41:07,724
MULTIPLE SITES AS YOU CAN SEE.

4980
02:41:07,791 --> 02:41:11,094
IT IS ACTUALLY VERY LEAN IN

4981
02:41:11,161 --> 02:41:13,764
BUDGET AND VERY AMBITIOUS, AS

4982
02:41:13,830 --> 02:41:15,065
WE'RE ALL USED TO FOR A LOT OF

4983
02:41:15,132 --> 02:41:16,433
THESE TYPES OF STUDIES.

4984
02:41:16,500 --> 02:41:18,101
SO THERE'S AN OPERATIONAL

4985
02:41:18,168 --> 02:41:18,869
COMMITTEE AND A STEERING

4986
02:41:18,935 --> 02:41:19,803
COMMITTEE, THE STEERING

4987
02:41:19,870 --> 02:41:21,304
COMMITTEE IS CONSTRUCTED

4988
02:41:21,371 --> 02:41:26,309
BASICALLY BY NIH PROGRAM, STAFF

4989
02:41:26,376 --> 02:41:27,677
AND THE PIs OF THE DIFFERENT

4990
02:41:27,744 --> 02:41:30,480
DISEASE STUDY SITES.

4991
02:41:30,547 --> 02:41:32,249
SO -- AND THE DATA COORDINATING

4992
02:41:32,315 --> 02:41:33,583
CENTER AND THE OMICS PRODUCTION

4993
02:41:33,650 --> 02:41:34,117
CENTER.

4994
02:41:34,184 --> 02:41:35,218
SO DISEASE STUDY SITES ARE

4995
02:41:35,285 --> 02:41:36,319
LISTED HERE.

4996
02:41:36,386 --> 02:41:38,088
THERE'S THE DATA ANALYSIS CENTER

4997
02:41:38,155 --> 02:41:42,759
AT UMASS LED BY WENG AND AN

4998
02:41:42,826 --> 02:41:44,294
OMICS PRODUCTION CENTER LED BY

4999
02:41:44,361 --> 02:41:46,830
GARY PATTI AT WASH U.

5000
02:41:46,897 --> 02:41:50,100
AND WE ALL WORK TOGETHER TO

5001
02:41:50,167 --> 02:41:55,472
DEVELOP HARMONIZED MEASUREMENTS,

5002
02:41:55,539 --> 02:41:57,207
WHICH INCLUDE THINGS LIKE

5003
02:41:57,274 --> 02:41:59,176
CDEs, BIOSAMPLES, WE ALSO

5004
02:41:59,242 --> 02:42:00,911
DECIDE JOINTLY ON BIOSPECIMENS

5005
02:42:00,977 --> 02:42:06,283
AND ASSAYS.

5006
02:42:06,349 --> 02:42:07,818
SO THIS IS JUST A SCHEMATIC OF

5007
02:42:07,884 --> 02:42:10,253
WHAT WE CALL MOM HEALTH OR THE

5008
02:42:10,320 --> 02:42:11,254
MULTI-OMICS FOR MATERNAL HEALTH.

5009
02:42:11,321 --> 02:42:12,622
IT IS FOCUSED VERY MUCH ON

5010
02:42:12,689 --> 02:42:14,257
ACTUALLY POSTPARTUM HYPERTENSIVE

5011
02:42:14,324 --> 02:42:17,761
DISEASE.

5012
02:42:17,828 --> 02:42:19,629
SO WE ARE RECRUITING PEOPLE

5013
02:42:19,696 --> 02:42:20,931
EARLY IN PREGNANCY, COLLECTING

5014
02:42:20,997 --> 02:42:22,899
MULTIPLE TIME POINTS DURING

5015
02:42:22,966 --> 02:42:24,101
PREGNANCY, THROUGH DELIVERY, AND

5016
02:42:24,167 --> 02:42:28,371
THEN ONE-YEAR POSTPARTUM.

5017
02:42:28,438 --> 02:42:30,240
THERE IS A LOT OF EMPHASIS ON

5018
02:42:30,307 --> 02:42:32,542
THE DIVERSITY OF THE COHORT

5019
02:42:32,609 --> 02:42:36,046
THAT'S GOING TO BE COLLECTED, AS

5020
02:42:36,113 --> 02:42:38,014
WELL AS I MENTIONED HARMONIZED

5021
02:42:38,081 --> 02:42:39,316
MEASUREMENTS WHICH INCLUDE A LOT

5022
02:42:39,382 --> 02:42:40,851
OF EXPOSURE DATA.

5023
02:42:40,917 --> 02:42:44,354
THIS IS ACTUALLY GOING TO BE RUN

5024
02:42:44,421 --> 02:42:46,756
ACROSS FOR MOM HEALTH TWO SITES,

5025
02:42:46,823 --> 02:42:49,059
VANDERBILT AND UCSD AND FROM

5026
02:42:49,126 --> 02:42:50,393
THOSE SITES WE ANTICIPATE A

5027
02:42:50,460 --> 02:42:53,096
REALLY DIVERSE COHORT.

5028
02:42:53,163 --> 02:42:54,498
SO I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT SOME

5029
02:42:54,564 --> 02:42:59,236
OF THE ISSUES ABOUT

5030
02:42:59,302 --> 02:43:00,103
HARMONIZATION ACROSS THE

5031
02:43:00,170 --> 02:43:03,840
DIFFERENT DSSs, DACC AND THE

5032
02:43:03,907 --> 02:43:04,574
OPC.

5033
02:43:04,641 --> 02:43:05,809
WE'RE GOING TO START TALKING

5034
02:43:05,876 --> 02:43:07,210
ABOUT MEASUREMENTS.

5035
02:43:07,277 --> 02:43:10,347
SO THESE ARE GOING TO BE VERY

5036
02:43:10,413 --> 02:43:11,715
EXTENSIVE AND I'M SURE ALL THE

5037
02:43:11,781 --> 02:43:14,317
GROUPS THAT HAVE DONE BIOBANKING

5038
02:43:14,384 --> 02:43:16,887
AND OTHER SORTS OF ANALYSES

5039
02:43:16,953 --> 02:43:19,356
APPRECIATE THERE'S THIS BALANCE

5040
02:43:19,422 --> 02:43:21,925
BETWEEN BEING COMPREHENSIVE AND

5041
02:43:21,992 --> 02:43:23,093
BEING OVERWHELMING WITH TOO MUCH

5042
02:43:23,160 --> 02:43:27,964
BURDEN ON THE PARTICIPANTS.

5043
02:43:28,031 --> 02:43:28,832
ONE INTERESTING THING WE'VE RUN

5044
02:43:28,899 --> 02:43:30,934
INTO IS THE WHOLE CONSORTIUM IS

5045
02:43:31,001 --> 02:43:33,136
PRIORITIZING A BREADTH OF DATA,

5046
02:43:33,203 --> 02:43:34,771
BUT ONE INTERESTING THING IS

5047
02:43:34,838 --> 02:43:40,510
THAT IT'S ACTUALLY SOMETIMES

5048
02:43:40,577 --> 02:43:44,314
KIND OF A TOUGH SELL TO ASK

5049
02:43:44,381 --> 02:43:49,386
SITES NOT COLLECTING -- THIS IS

5050
02:43:49,452 --> 02:43:50,687
ONE OF THE THINGS OUR GROUP HAS

5051
02:43:50,754 --> 02:43:51,688
BEEN ADVOCATING FOR IN THE

5052
02:43:51,755 --> 02:43:53,190
MEASUREMENTS WORKING GROUP.

5053
02:43:53,256 --> 02:43:54,391
IF YOU ACTUALLY LOOK AT

5054
02:43:54,457 --> 02:43:56,459
ALL-OF-US, IT HAS VERY LITTLE

5055
02:43:56,526 --> 02:43:56,826
PREGNANCY DATA.

5056
02:43:56,893 --> 02:44:02,666
IT'S ACTUALLY -- IF YOU DO A

5057
02:44:02,732 --> 02:44:03,533
SEARCH OF THE AVAILABLE FIELDS

5058
02:44:03,600 --> 02:44:05,302
INCLUDING THE BILLING FIELDS, IT

5059
02:44:05,368 --> 02:44:06,369
SAYS THAT 8% OF WOMEN 40 AND

5060
02:44:06,436 --> 02:44:08,271
OVER HAVE EVER BEEN PREGNANT.

5061
02:44:08,338 --> 02:44:10,974
AND WE KNOW THAT'S NOT TRUE.

5062
02:44:11,041 --> 02:44:13,176
AND IT REALLY LIMITS THE STUDY

5063
02:44:13,243 --> 02:44:16,012
OF THE EFFECT OF PREGNANCY ON

5064
02:44:16,079 --> 02:44:17,447
THE GENOME LATER IN PREGNANCY IN

5065
02:44:17,514 --> 02:44:18,315
THAT LARGE COHORT.

5066
02:44:18,381 --> 02:44:20,083
SO THIS IS WHAT WE'RE STRIVING

5067
02:44:20,150 --> 02:44:22,719
TO NOT RUN INTO WITH THIS

5068
02:44:22,786 --> 02:44:26,556
PARTICULAR CONSORTIUM.

5069
02:44:26,623 --> 02:44:29,359
IN TERMS OF BIOSPECIMENS, THE

5070
02:44:29,426 --> 02:44:31,928
APPROACH THAT IS BEING DONE NOW

5071
02:44:31,995 --> 02:44:34,331
IS TO HAVE A SET OF CORE

5072
02:44:34,397 --> 02:44:37,734
BIOSPECIMENS THAT EVERY DISEASE

5073
02:44:37,801 --> 02:44:40,337
STUDY SITE COLLECTS INCLUDING

5074
02:44:40,403 --> 02:44:44,107
THOSE BEING ANALYZED UNDER THE

5075
02:44:44,174 --> 02:44:44,975
CURRENT BUDGET AS WELL AS

5076
02:44:45,041 --> 02:44:45,942
LOOKING FORWARD TO ASSAYS THAT

5077
02:44:46,009 --> 02:44:47,344
ARE HIGH PRIORITY IF FUNDING

5078
02:44:47,410 --> 02:44:49,012
BECOMES AVAILABLE AS WELL AS,

5079
02:44:49,079 --> 02:44:50,013
QUOTE-UNQUOTE, FUTURE-PROOFING

5080
02:44:50,080 --> 02:44:52,082
FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES THAT WE MAY

5081
02:44:52,148 --> 02:44:53,483
NOT EVEN HAVE IN OUR MINDS YET.

5082
02:44:53,550 --> 02:44:56,219
SO LISTED HERE ARE THE STANDARD

5083
02:44:56,286 --> 02:44:58,421
PERIPHERAL BLOOD-TYPE THINGS,

5084
02:44:58,488 --> 02:45:01,258
WHOLE BLOOD, PLASMA AND SURE UM,

5085
02:45:01,324 --> 02:45:03,126
WHITE BLOOD CELLS, THEN THERE

5086
02:45:03,193 --> 02:45:05,996
ARE SOME THAT ONE OR A SUBSET OF

5087
02:45:06,062 --> 02:45:07,564
DSSs WILL COLLECT DEPENDING ON

5088
02:45:07,631 --> 02:45:08,632
THE BIOLOGY OF THE DISEASE AND

5089
02:45:08,698 --> 02:45:09,399
THE FEASIBILITY OF THE SITES,

5090
02:45:09,466 --> 02:45:12,802
AND THIS INCLUDES TISSUE, LIKE

5091
02:45:12,869 --> 02:45:15,105
FOR US, PLACENTA, AND OTHER

5092
02:45:15,171 --> 02:45:15,538
BIOFLUIDS.

5093
02:45:15,605 --> 02:45:17,741
THE OTHER IMPORTANT THING IS WE

5094
02:45:17,807 --> 02:45:18,708
ALL AGREE IF WE'RE GOING TO

5095
02:45:18,775 --> 02:45:20,143
COLLECT A GIVEN TYPE ACROSS TWO

5096
02:45:20,210 --> 02:45:22,112
OR MORE STUDY SITES, THAT THE

5097
02:45:22,178 --> 02:45:24,981
SOPs WILL BE SHARED AND

5098
02:45:25,048 --> 02:45:25,282
HARMONIZED.

5099
02:45:25,348 --> 02:45:26,816
AND THEN IN TERMS OF ASSAYS,

5100
02:45:26,883 --> 02:45:30,453
THIS IS ALWAYS TRICKY, RIGHT,

5101
02:45:30,520 --> 02:45:31,821
BECAUSE MONEY IS ALWAYS LIMITED,

5102
02:45:31,888 --> 02:45:33,757
AND SO WE'VE WORKED A LOT ACROSS

5103
02:45:33,823 --> 02:45:38,395
THE DSSs, THE OPC AND THE DACC

5104
02:45:38,461 --> 02:45:39,796
TO DECIDE WHICH ASSAYS ARE GOING

5105
02:45:39,863 --> 02:45:43,633
TO BE DONE, TURNS OUT THAT EVEN

5106
02:45:43,700 --> 02:45:44,934
THOUGH ALL SITES WILL COLLECT

5107
02:45:45,001 --> 02:45:45,869
THREE TIME POINTS INITIALLY,

5108
02:45:45,935 --> 02:45:46,936
WE'RE PROBABLY ONLY GOING TO BE

5109
02:45:47,003 --> 02:45:48,538
ABLE TO COLLECT DATA ON THE

5110
02:45:48,605 --> 02:45:50,240
FIRST AND THE LAST TIME POINTS.

5111
02:45:50,307 --> 02:45:51,975
AND THEN HAVE TO MAKE SOME

5112
02:45:52,042 --> 02:45:53,310
DECISIONS ABOUT PRIORITIZATION

5113
02:45:53,376 --> 02:45:54,844
OF WHAT TO ANALYZE FOR THE

5114
02:45:54,911 --> 02:45:59,215
INTERVENING TIME POINT.

5115
02:45:59,282 --> 02:46:00,750
AND THEN IT'S BEEN FUN BUT ALSO

5116
02:46:00,817 --> 02:46:01,851
IT'S BEEN CHALLENGING TO TRY TO

5117
02:46:01,918 --> 02:46:03,520
COME UP WITH THE LIST OF THE

5118
02:46:03,586 --> 02:46:04,854
NEXT PRIORITY TYPES OF ASSAYS TO

5119
02:46:04,921 --> 02:46:12,128
DO IF FUNDING BECOMES AVAILABLE.

5120
02:46:12,195 --> 02:46:13,997
SO MOHD IS JUST STARTING.

5121
02:46:14,064 --> 02:46:16,800
WE BASICALLY JUST FINISHED OUR

5122
02:46:16,866 --> 02:46:18,268
FIRST YEAR BUT THAT WAS ABOUT

5123
02:46:18,335 --> 02:46:19,369
SEVEN MONTHS LONG SO WE'RE JUST

5124
02:46:19,436 --> 02:46:20,737
GETTING READY TO FINISH

5125
02:46:20,804 --> 02:46:22,138
HARMONIZATION, GET THE S.O.P.s

5126
02:46:22,205 --> 02:46:24,107
IN ORDER AT START ENROLLING FOR

5127
02:46:24,174 --> 02:46:24,641
THAT PROJECT.

5128
02:46:24,708 --> 02:46:26,609
SO I WANT TO TELL JUST A LITTLE

5129
02:46:26,676 --> 02:46:28,812
BIT ABOUT A PROJECT THAT HAS

5130
02:46:28,878 --> 02:46:30,213
BEEN COMPLETED IN TERMS OF WHAT

5131
02:46:30,280 --> 02:46:32,082
WE CALL DISCOVERY AND VALIDATION

5132
02:46:32,148 --> 02:46:33,483
OF BIOMARKERS, BUT HOPEFULLY

5133
02:46:33,550 --> 02:46:35,418
WILL BRING UP SOME SORT OF

5134
02:46:35,485 --> 02:46:39,022
THOUGHTS ABOUT THE UTILITY

5135
02:46:39,089 --> 02:46:39,689
POTENTIALLY OF SOME OF THE

5136
02:46:39,756 --> 02:46:41,191
RESOURCES THAT EXIST OR FUTURE

5137
02:46:41,257 --> 02:46:45,028
RESOURCES FOR VALIDATION.

5138
02:46:45,095 --> 02:46:47,030
SO I'M GOING TO TALK A LITTLE

5139
02:46:47,097 --> 02:46:51,401
ABOUT XRNAs AS EVIDENCE FOR

5140
02:46:51,468 --> 02:46:52,502
PRE-ECLAMPSIA SO OUR RATIONALE

5141
02:46:52,569 --> 02:46:53,636
IS -- I DON'T THINK I NEED TO

5142
02:46:53,703 --> 02:46:55,271
SELL TO THIS CROWD, BUT

5143
02:46:55,338 --> 02:46:56,272
HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF

5144
02:46:56,339 --> 02:46:59,409
PREGNANCY ARE COMMON, CLINICALLY

5145
02:46:59,476 --> 02:47:00,343
IMPORTANT AND CAN BE DIFFICULT

5146
02:47:00,410 --> 02:47:01,678
TO DISTINGUISH FROM EACH OTHER.

5147
02:47:01,745 --> 02:47:03,380
AND THAT ACCURATE METHODS FOR

5148
02:47:03,446 --> 02:47:05,949
EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS

5149
02:47:06,015 --> 02:47:08,985
SUBSETTING OF HDP MAY REDUCE

5150
02:47:09,052 --> 02:47:10,086
UNNECESSARY HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS,

5151
02:47:10,153 --> 02:47:14,357
REDUCE UNNECESSARY EYE

5152
02:47:14,424 --> 02:47:15,358
ATROAGENIC PRETERM DELIVERIES,

5153
02:47:15,425 --> 02:47:16,893
SO WE DON'T MISS THE BOAT ON

5154
02:47:16,960 --> 02:47:18,128
BABIES THAT REALLY SHOULD BE

5155
02:47:18,194 --> 02:47:19,963
DELIVERED.

5156
02:47:20,029 --> 02:47:23,133
SO THIS IS A PRETTY SIMPLE STUDY

5157
02:47:23,199 --> 02:47:25,101
DESIGN.

5158
02:47:25,168 --> 02:47:27,170
WE COLLECTED SERUM SAMPLES,

5159
02:47:27,237 --> 02:47:28,805
PERFORMED SMALL RNA SEQUENCING,

5160
02:47:28,872 --> 02:47:30,440
DIVIDED THE COHORT INTO

5161
02:47:30,507 --> 02:47:31,808
DISCOVERY AND VERIFICATION WITH

5162
02:47:31,875 --> 02:47:34,110
MATCHED NUMBERS OF CASES AND

5163
02:47:34,177 --> 02:47:36,613
CONTROLS FOR BOTH THE DISCOVERY

5164
02:47:36,679 --> 02:47:37,781
AND VERIFICATION SUBCOHORTS, AND

5165
02:47:37,847 --> 02:47:40,116
THESE WERE WOMEN PRESENTING TO

5166
02:47:40,183 --> 02:47:41,751
TRIAGE FOR EVALUATION OF

5167
02:47:41,818 --> 02:47:43,319
POTENTIAL HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE

5168
02:47:43,386 --> 02:47:47,490
OF PREGNANCY, WHICH IS WHY WE

5169
02:47:47,557 --> 02:47:48,892
DIDN'T DO -- WE JUST TOOK

5170
02:47:48,958 --> 02:47:49,659
ALL-COMERS BUT YOU CAN SEE

5171
02:47:49,726 --> 02:47:51,327
THERE'S A HIGH RATE OF CASES

5172
02:47:51,394 --> 02:47:52,762
BECAUSE THESE WOMEN CAME IN FOR

5173
02:47:52,829 --> 02:47:55,498
EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL

5174
02:47:55,565 --> 02:48:00,870
PRE-ECLAMPSIA SO WE DID THE XRNA

5175
02:48:00,937 --> 02:48:03,106
ANALYSIS AND FOCUSED ON

5176
02:48:03,173 --> 02:48:05,141
MICRORNAs AND DID THE ANALYSIS

5177
02:48:05,208 --> 02:48:08,411
IN TWO WAYS, ONE LOOKING AT EUN

5178
02:48:08,478 --> 02:48:14,551
EYE VARIATE AND BIVARIATE

5179
02:48:14,617 --> 02:48:17,620
MICRORNAs PROVIDING

5180
02:48:17,687 --> 02:48:19,589
INTERNAL -- SO IN TERMS OF

5181
02:48:19,656 --> 02:48:21,357
UNIVARIATE CAN'T DATE MARKERS,

5182
02:48:21,424 --> 02:48:22,792
I'M SHOWING A HEAT MAP WITH A

5183
02:48:22,859 --> 02:48:26,062
NUMB NUMBER OF THESE.

5184
02:48:26,129 --> 02:48:27,597
KNOW ABOUT CHROMOSOME 19 BEING

5185
02:48:27,664 --> 02:48:30,934
AN IMPORTANT LOCUS FOR A CLUSTER

5186
02:48:31,000 --> 02:48:32,235
MICRORNAs, THAT SHOWED UP, AS

5187
02:48:32,302 --> 02:48:35,205
WELL AS A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW

5188
02:48:35,271 --> 02:48:37,407
ABOUT THE LET-7s SHOWED UP AS

5189
02:48:37,474 --> 02:48:37,607
WELL.

5190
02:48:37,674 --> 02:48:39,275
TURNS OUT THE LET-7 AND

5191
02:48:39,342 --> 02:48:40,143
MICRORNAs THAT TRAVEL WITH IT

5192
02:48:40,210 --> 02:48:41,911
ARE ACTUALLY LOWER IN

5193
02:48:41,978 --> 02:48:45,315
PREECLAMPSIA CASES THAN NOT, AND

5194
02:48:45,381 --> 02:48:49,152
THE CHROMOSOME 1 19 ONEs IN

5195
02:48:49,219 --> 02:48:50,053
GENERAL ARE HIGHER.

5196
02:48:50,119 --> 02:48:52,021
THEN THESE ARE THE BIVARIATES.

5197
02:48:52,088 --> 02:48:53,223
INTERESTINGLY A LOT OF THINGS

5198
02:48:53,289 --> 02:48:54,757
SHOWED UP AT EUN VAIR YATS ALSO

5199
02:48:54,824 --> 02:48:55,925
SHOWED UP AS ONE OF THE PARTNERS

5200
02:48:55,992 --> 02:48:57,527
IN MANY OF THE BIVARIATES,

5201
02:48:57,594 --> 02:48:59,295
INCLUDING I'M CIRCLING HERE THE

5202
02:48:59,362 --> 02:49:02,365
CHROMOSOME 19 AND THE

5203
02:49:02,432 --> 02:49:02,832
LET-7 MICRORNAs.

5204
02:49:02,899 --> 02:49:07,170
ONE THING THAT YOU MIGHT SEE IS

5205
02:49:07,237 --> 02:49:10,607
THAT IN TERMS OF LUMPERS AND

5206
02:49:10,673 --> 02:49:11,374
SPLITTERS, I'M A SPLITTER AND

5207
02:49:11,441 --> 02:49:13,142
YOU CAN SEE FROM THE COLOR BARS

5208
02:49:13,209 --> 02:49:15,011
AT THE TOP LOOKING AT ALL THE

5209
02:49:15,078 --> 02:49:16,012
DIFFERENT METADATA ELEMENTS,

5210
02:49:16,079 --> 02:49:20,617
THESE ARE ALREADY VERY

5211
02:49:20,683 --> 02:49:22,352
SIMPLIFIED, IN TRYING TO FIND

5212
02:49:22,418 --> 02:49:23,286
PATTERNS BETWEEN WHAT WE SEE IN

5213
02:49:23,353 --> 02:49:25,455
TERMS OF THE PATTERNS OF THE

5214
02:49:25,522 --> 02:49:26,656
EXPRESSION VERSUS THE METADATA.

5215
02:49:26,723 --> 02:49:28,691
BECAUSE YOU CAN FIND INTERESTING

5216
02:49:28,758 --> 02:49:31,227
THINGS THAT YOU DON'T EVEN

5217
02:49:31,294 --> 02:49:31,461
EXPECT.

5218
02:49:31,528 --> 02:49:32,695
FOR EXAMPLE, WE FOUND IN A

5219
02:49:32,762 --> 02:49:34,531
DIFFERENT STUDY LOOKING AT PAIN,

5220
02:49:34,597 --> 02:49:36,432
THAT THERE'S A MICRORNA THAT

5221
02:49:36,499 --> 02:49:38,401
TRAVELS VERY MUCH WITH AFRICAN

5222
02:49:38,468 --> 02:49:39,936
AMERICAN ANCESTRY THAT WE NEVER

5223
02:49:40,003 --> 02:49:41,671
LOOKED AT OR WAS AWARE OF, AND

5224
02:49:41,738 --> 02:49:43,473
WE FOUND ONE PRIOR PAPER LOOKING

5225
02:49:43,540 --> 02:49:44,440
AT IT.

5226
02:49:44,507 --> 02:49:46,843
IT WAS ONLY BY LOOKING AT THESE

5227
02:49:46,910 --> 02:49:48,411
MILLIONS OF COLOR BARS THAT WE

5228
02:49:48,478 --> 02:49:49,712
SAW SOME ASSOCIATIONS BECAUSE WE

5229
02:49:49,779 --> 02:49:50,713
HADN'T EVEN THOUGHT TO ASK THAT

5230
02:49:50,780 --> 02:49:55,184
QUESTION.

5231
02:49:55,251 --> 02:49:58,121
SO WITH THESE KIND OF DATA CORE,

5232
02:49:58,187 --> 02:50:00,356
YOU CAN FIND BIOMARCS BUT YOU

5233
02:50:00,423 --> 02:50:02,425
CAN ALSO LOOK AT INTERESTING

5234
02:50:02,492 --> 02:50:06,062
PATTERNS ACROSS NOT JUST -- HERE

5235
02:50:06,129 --> 02:50:08,798
WE SPLIT OUT ACROSS ALL THESE

5236
02:50:08,865 --> 02:50:12,435
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES.

5237
02:50:12,502 --> 02:50:14,971
SEVERE PRE-ECLAMPSIA

5238
02:50:15,038 --> 02:50:15,572
SUPERIMPOSED, I KNOW THESE ARE

5239
02:50:15,638 --> 02:50:17,807
NOT CURRENT CLINICAL LABELS THAT

5240
02:50:17,874 --> 02:50:20,009
WE USE BUT THIS IS WHAT WE USE

5241
02:50:20,076 --> 02:50:21,444
AS A SHORTHAND IN RESEARCH AND

5242
02:50:21,511 --> 02:50:22,845
WE ACTUALLY HAVE VERY DEFINED

5243
02:50:22,912 --> 02:50:26,716
PATTERNS OF THE DIFFERENT

5244
02:50:26,783 --> 02:50:27,817
CRITERIA THAT PUT PEOPLE IN

5245
02:50:27,884 --> 02:50:29,385
THESE CATEGORIES.

5246
02:50:29,452 --> 02:50:31,020
OTHER, THESE ARE KOOKY CASES

5247
02:50:31,087 --> 02:50:32,989
THAT HAVE WEIRD LIKE CHRONIC

5248
02:50:33,056 --> 02:50:34,991
PROTEINURIA OR SOMETHING LIKE

5249
02:50:35,058 --> 02:50:35,658
THAT.

5250
02:50:35,725 --> 02:50:37,293
SEVERE HYPERTENSION, MILD

5251
02:50:37,360 --> 02:50:38,061
HYPERTENSION AND NORMAL.

5252
02:50:38,127 --> 02:50:39,362
YOU CAN SEE THERE'S INTERESTING

5253
02:50:39,429 --> 02:50:41,364
PATTERNS OF SOME OF THESE

5254
02:50:41,431 --> 02:50:43,666
BIOMARKERS, SOME THAT GO

5255
02:50:43,733 --> 02:50:45,101
ESSENTIALLY MONO TONGUELY FROM

5256
02:50:45,168 --> 02:50:46,970
SEVERE TO QUOTE NORMAL.

5257
02:50:47,036 --> 02:50:48,071
THE SECOND ONE IN B SHOWS THAT

5258
02:50:48,137 --> 02:50:50,807
ALL OF THE PREECLAMPSIA ONES ARE

5259
02:50:50,873 --> 02:50:52,342
HIGHER AND THEN ALL OF THE

5260
02:50:52,408 --> 02:50:53,009
NON-PREECLAMPSIA INCLUDES

5261
02:50:53,076 --> 02:50:54,210
CHRONIC HYPERTENSION ARE LOWER,

5262
02:50:54,277 --> 02:50:57,714
AND THEN ON THE BOTTOM, SOME

5263
02:50:57,780 --> 02:50:59,682
INTERESTING THINGS WHERE, FOR

5264
02:50:59,749 --> 02:51:01,317
EXAMPLE, MILD HYPERTENSION

5265
02:51:01,384 --> 02:51:02,652
ACTUALLY LOOKS A LITTLE BIT MORE

5266
02:51:02,719 --> 02:51:05,054
LIKE THE PREECLAMPTIC GROUP HERE

5267
02:51:05,121 --> 02:51:06,389
THAN THE SEVERE HYPERTENSION.

5268
02:51:06,456 --> 02:51:07,190
SUGGESTING THAT THERE'S

5269
02:51:07,256 --> 02:51:10,627
INTERESTING PATTERNS OF BIOLOGY

5270
02:51:10,693 --> 02:51:12,595
THAT BASICALLY TRAVEL WITH

5271
02:51:12,662 --> 02:51:14,063
DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES

5272
02:51:14,130 --> 02:51:16,366
DIFFERENTLY.

5273
02:51:16,432 --> 02:51:17,767
FROM THESE DATA, WE CAN ALSO

5274
02:51:17,834 --> 02:51:20,103
LOOK AT THE TISSUE SOURCES SO WE

5275
02:51:20,169 --> 02:51:21,304
DECONVOLUTED THE DATA WITH

5276
02:51:21,371 --> 02:51:22,639
SIGNATURES OF MICRORNAs FROM

5277
02:51:22,705 --> 02:51:26,009
DIFFERENT TISSUES, AND FOUND NOT

5278
02:51:26,075 --> 02:51:27,377
SURPRISINGLY THAT PLACENTA WAS A

5279
02:51:27,443 --> 02:51:31,848
BIG SOURCE OF RNA BIOMARKERS AS

5280
02:51:31,914 --> 02:51:33,850
WELL AS LIVER AND PLATELETS AND

5281
02:51:33,916 --> 02:51:37,253
RED BLOOD CELLS.

5282
02:51:37,320 --> 02:51:38,888
AND THEN OUR CONCEPT HERE WAS TO

5283
02:51:38,955 --> 02:51:40,757
TRY TO THINK LIKE A CLINICIAN,

5284
02:51:40,823 --> 02:51:41,991
SO LIKE A CLINICIAN THE WAY I

5285
02:51:42,058 --> 02:51:43,393
THINK ABOUT WHEN A PERSON COMES

5286
02:51:43,459 --> 02:51:46,262
IN IS I THINK OKAY, WHAT BIG CAT

5287
02:51:46,329 --> 02:51:52,769
DPRI OF DISEASE CATEGORY OF DISN

5288
02:51:52,835 --> 02:51:58,041
AND THEN SUBSEGHT  SUBSETTING S.

5289
02:51:58,107 --> 02:52:00,309
WE TOOK THE VERY TOP ONE AND

5290
02:52:00,376 --> 02:52:02,311
THEN LOOKED TO SEE IF WE COULD

5291
02:52:02,378 --> 02:52:05,481
SUBSET DISEASE AND NOT DISEASE,

5292
02:52:05,548 --> 02:52:06,616
PREECLAMPSIA, NOT, AND YOU CAN

5293
02:52:06,683 --> 02:52:08,584
SEE THAT ON THE RIGHT, AND THIS

5294
02:52:08,651 --> 02:52:11,087
IS JUST FROM LOWER TO HIGHER OF

5295
02:52:11,154 --> 02:52:13,222
THIS BIOMARKER, THAT WE HAVE

5296
02:52:13,289 --> 02:52:14,090
ENITCHMENT OF DISEASE ON THE

5297
02:52:14,157 --> 02:52:15,525
RIGHT, THE BLUE, SO WE JUST SORT

5298
02:52:15,591 --> 02:52:16,959
OF CUT THOSE OUT, AND WE TOOK

5299
02:52:17,026 --> 02:52:20,797
THE REMAINING SAMPLES, DID XG

5300
02:52:20,863 --> 02:52:22,532
BOOST AGAIN TO THE TOP HIGH OR

5301
02:52:22,598 --> 02:52:26,269
THE BIOMARKER THERE, SORT IT

5302
02:52:26,335 --> 02:52:27,270
AGAIN, TOOK AGAIN THE DISEASE,

5303
02:52:27,336 --> 02:52:29,238
AND THEN DID IT A THIRD TIME AND

5304
02:52:29,305 --> 02:52:31,040
WHAT YOU SEE IS WITH THESE

5305
02:52:31,107 --> 02:52:32,375
THREE, YOU END UP WITH BEING

5306
02:52:32,442 --> 02:52:35,311
ABLE TO SEPARATE 90% OF YOUR

5307
02:52:35,378 --> 02:52:37,313
DISEASE IN YOUR ASSIGNED GROUP

5308
02:52:37,380 --> 02:52:41,284
AND 90% NORMAL OVERALL IN YOUR

5309
02:52:41,350 --> 02:52:43,152
QUOTE NORMAL GROUP, THERE'S A

5310
02:52:43,219 --> 02:52:45,655
LITTLE BIT OF BLEED-THROUGH BUT

5311
02:52:45,722 --> 02:52:46,289
ALSO INTERESTINGLY WHEN YOU LOOK

5312
02:52:46,355 --> 02:52:47,190
AT THE SECOND COLOR BAR, THE

5313
02:52:47,256 --> 02:52:48,257
MORE VEER CASES WERE THE ONES

5314
02:52:48,324 --> 02:52:54,163
-- THE MORE SEVERE CASESYOU GO.

5315
02:52:54,230 --> 02:52:56,099
THE NEXT TIME YOU GOT MORE

5316
02:52:56,165 --> 02:52:57,033
SUPERIMPOSED AND SOME MILD, AND

5317
02:52:57,100 --> 02:52:59,335
THEN THE LAST GROUP YOU STARTED

5318
02:52:59,402 --> 02:53:02,071
GETTING SOME SEVERE HYPERTENSION

5319
02:53:02,138 --> 02:53:03,740
IN YOUR QUOTE DISEASE GROUP.

5320
02:53:03,806 --> 02:53:05,475
SO THIS IS A WAY OF KIND OF

5321
02:53:05,541 --> 02:53:06,476
SUBSETTING YOUR DIFFERENT

5322
02:53:06,542 --> 02:53:10,580
SEVERITIES BY DOING SERIAL

5323
02:53:10,646 --> 02:53:13,850
ASSESSMENTS WITH SERIAL

5324
02:53:13,916 --> 02:53:14,150
BIOMARKERS.

5325
02:53:14,217 --> 02:53:16,452
THIS IS THE LAST SLIDE, I

5326
02:53:16,519 --> 02:53:19,322
BELIEVE.

5327
02:53:19,388 --> 02:53:21,958
SO WE THEN ADDED IN PROTEOMIC

5328
02:53:22,024 --> 02:53:22,291
BIOMARKERS.

5329
02:53:22,358 --> 02:53:31,934
EVERYBODY KNOWS ABOUT SFLT/PLGF.

5330
02:53:32,001 --> 02:53:37,406
IF YOU DID SFLT/PLGF AT THE

5331
02:53:37,473 --> 02:53:40,276
STANDARD CUTOFF OF 38, SPEAS FIS

5332
02:53:40,343 --> 02:53:45,548
IT INTO THE TOO BAD.

5333
02:53:45,615 --> 02:53:48,217
AS WE ALL KNOW, FROM A LOT OF

5334
02:53:48,284 --> 02:53:51,254
THE NICE RECENT STUDIES, IF YOU

5335
02:53:51,320 --> 02:53:53,790
PUT THEM TOGETHER AND HERE'S

5336
02:53:53,856 --> 02:53:55,091
THIS SORT OF DECISION TREE THAT

5337
02:53:55,158 --> 02:53:57,827
I'VE USED HERE, WE ACTUALLY

5338
02:53:57,894 --> 02:54:00,897
CUSTOMIZE THE SFLT/PLGF RATIO

5339
02:54:00,963 --> 02:54:02,532
BASED ON WHICH ARM THAT WE ENDED

5340
02:54:02,598 --> 02:54:04,967
UP WITH, WITH THE MICRORNA

5341
02:54:05,034 --> 02:54:07,069
BIOMARKER, AND IN THE END, WE

5342
02:54:07,136 --> 02:54:09,572
ACTUALLY GOT SORT OF THE BEST OF

5343
02:54:09,639 --> 02:54:12,441
BOTH WORLDS, THE SENSITIVITY AND

5344
02:54:12,508 --> 02:54:17,346
SPECIFICITY THAT WAS AS -- AND

5345
02:54:17,413 --> 02:54:22,785
SPECIFICITY AS GOOD AS THE

5346
02:54:22,852 --> 02:54:24,086
SFLT/PLGF SO WE LIKE TO STUDY IN

5347
02:54:24,153 --> 02:54:26,289
A LARGER DATASET TO VALIDATE TO

5348
02:54:26,355 --> 02:54:27,723
SEE WHETHER THIS COULD

5349
02:54:27,790 --> 02:54:28,291
POTENTIALLY BE USEFUL IN THE

5350
02:54:28,357 --> 02:54:28,524
CLINIC.

5351
02:54:28,591 --> 02:54:29,392
I THINK THAT'S THE END.

5352
02:54:29,458 --> 02:54:30,927
NEXT SLIDE I THINK IS MY -- I

5353
02:54:30,993 --> 02:54:33,362
JUST TALKED ABOUT THE FUTURE

5354
02:54:33,429 --> 02:54:35,698
DIRECTION SO THAT'S FINE, WE CAN

5355
02:54:35,765 --> 02:54:38,167
SKIP THAT, AND THEN THE MICRORNA

5356
02:54:38,234 --> 02:54:41,704
AND SFLT WORK WE JUST PUBLISHED

5357
02:54:41,771 --> 02:54:42,572
NOT THAT LONG AGO.

5358
02:54:42,638 --> 02:54:43,773
I'D LIKE TO THANK THESE FOLKS

5359
02:54:43,840 --> 02:54:48,878
FOR PARTICIPATING IN THE STUDY.

5360
02:54:48,945 --> 02:54:50,079
PANEL AT THE END, RIGHT?

5361
02:54:50,146 --> 02:54:59,589
>> YES, PANEL AT THE END.

5362
02:54:59,655 --> 02:55:03,659
NEXT SPEAKER IS MAGED

5363
02:55:03,726 --> 02:55:13,936
CONSTANTINE.

5364
02:55:34,891 --> 02:55:35,725
>> HI, EVERYONE.

5365
02:55:35,791 --> 02:55:37,793
I'D LIKE TO THANK NICHD AND

5366
02:55:37,860 --> 02:55:39,362
ORGANIZERS FOR PUTTING ALL THIS

5367
02:55:39,428 --> 02:55:40,029
WORKSHOP TOGETHER AND INVITING

5368
02:55:40,096 --> 02:55:41,430
US TO PRESENT.

5369
02:55:41,497 --> 02:55:45,601
AND SO FAR IT'S BEEN AN

5370
02:55:45,668 --> 02:55:48,971
IMPRESSIVE -- I'VE LEARNED A

5371
02:55:49,038 --> 02:55:49,405
LOT.

5372
02:55:49,472 --> 02:55:53,943
SO ON BEHALF OF DR. MENON AND

5373
02:55:54,010 --> 02:55:55,378
OTHER COINVESTIGATORS, I'D LIKE

5374
02:55:55,444 --> 02:55:58,681
TO TALK ABOUT THE DEVELOPING

5375
02:55:58,748 --> 02:56:01,183
EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE BASED

5376
02:56:01,250 --> 02:56:04,253
TRANSLATIONAL -- TRP FOR

5377
02:56:04,320 --> 02:56:06,155
MONITORING THERAPEUTICS RESPONSE

5378
02:56:06,222 --> 02:56:07,023
DURING PREGNANCY STUDY, WHICH

5379
02:56:07,089 --> 02:56:10,393
WAS RECENTLY FUNDED AND FROM

5380
02:56:10,459 --> 02:56:10,726
NICHD.

5381
02:56:10,793 --> 02:56:13,396
THIS IS MY ADDITIONAL

5382
02:56:13,462 --> 02:56:15,131
DISCLOSURES AND GRANT SUPPORT

5383
02:56:15,197 --> 02:56:17,099
AND COLLABORATIONS.

5384
02:56:17,166 --> 02:56:18,534
THE ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE IS

5385
02:56:18,601 --> 02:56:21,304
THAT I'M NOT A BASIC SCIENTIST

5386
02:56:21,370 --> 02:56:22,705
OR EXOSOME EXPERT, SO ANY

5387
02:56:22,772 --> 02:56:25,942
EXOSOME QUESTIONS, DR. MENON IS

5388
02:56:26,008 --> 02:56:26,909
SMILING OVER THERE.

5389
02:56:26,976 --> 02:56:27,777
BUT BEFORE WE START, JUST A

5390
02:56:27,843 --> 02:56:28,544
QUICK BACKGROUND.

5391
02:56:28,611 --> 02:56:30,913
EVERYBODY KNOWS THIS, BUT THIS

5392
02:56:30,980 --> 02:56:33,082
IS THE BACKGROUND FOR OUR

5393
02:56:33,149 --> 02:56:34,817
STUDIES, THAT PREGNANT AND

5394
02:56:34,884 --> 02:56:36,085
LACTATING INDIVIDUALS HAVE BEEN

5395
02:56:36,152 --> 02:56:37,954
EXCLUDED FROM THE VAST MAJORITY

5396
02:56:38,020 --> 02:56:40,256
OF THERAPEUTIC TRIALS AND

5397
02:56:40,323 --> 02:56:41,424
CLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT TRIALS

5398
02:56:41,490 --> 02:56:43,893
FOR MULTIPLE REASONS, AND THIS

5399
02:56:43,960 --> 02:56:45,061
EXCLUSION HAS THROUGHOUT

5400
02:56:45,127 --> 02:56:50,433
MULTIPLE LEVELS, INCLUDING

5401
02:56:50,499 --> 02:56:51,200
REGULATORY AGENCY DUES TO

5402
02:56:51,267 --> 02:56:53,035
ETHICAL CONCERNS OF INCLUDING

5403
02:56:53,102 --> 02:56:55,171
PREGNANT WOMEN, LACK OF INTEREST

5404
02:56:55,237 --> 02:56:56,072
FROM PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES

5405
02:56:56,138 --> 02:56:59,608
DUE TO FEARS OF LITIGATION AND

5406
02:56:59,675 --> 02:57:01,711
SMALL MARKET SHARE AMONG OTHERS.

5407
02:57:01,777 --> 02:57:03,446
INVESTIGATORS DUE TO LOGISTICAL

5408
02:57:03,512 --> 02:57:07,483
CONCERNS ABOUT ENROLL ENROLL PRT

5409
02:57:07,550 --> 02:57:09,752
WOMEN IN STUDIES AS WELL AS A

5410
02:57:09,819 --> 02:57:11,821
LOT OF OPERATIONAL WERNS WITH

5411
02:57:11,887 --> 02:57:13,356
THAT, AND LASTLY AMONG OTHERS IS

5412
02:57:13,422 --> 02:57:15,324
THE LACK OF VALID AND INNOVATIVE

5413
02:57:15,391 --> 02:57:17,960
BIOMARKERS TO ASSESS THE

5414
02:57:18,027 --> 02:57:18,694
PLACENTAL RESPONSE TO

5415
02:57:18,761 --> 02:57:20,463
THERAPEUTICS, AS WELL AS INFORM

5416
02:57:20,529 --> 02:57:22,531
SAFETY AND EFFICACY, ESPECIALLY

5417
02:57:22,598 --> 02:57:24,266
IN REALTIME.

5418
02:57:24,333 --> 02:57:26,335
ON THE OTHER HAND,

5419
02:57:26,402 --> 02:57:28,637
PLACENTAL-MEDIATED ADVERSE

5420
02:57:28,704 --> 02:57:30,840
PREGNANCY OUT COME COLLECTIVELY

5421
02:57:30,906 --> 02:57:32,174
WHICH INCLUDES DISEASES SUCH AS

5422
02:57:32,241 --> 02:57:34,610
HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS,

5423
02:57:34,677 --> 02:57:35,444
PREECLAMPSIA, GROWTH

5424
02:57:35,511 --> 02:57:37,580
RESTRICTION, PRETERM BIRTH,

5425
02:57:37,646 --> 02:57:40,316
FETAL DEMISE, GESTATIONAL

5426
02:57:40,383 --> 02:57:41,384
DIABETES AMONG OTHERS, HAVE BEEN

5427
02:57:41,450 --> 02:57:42,852
INCREASING IN FREQUENCY OVER THE

5428
02:57:42,918 --> 02:57:45,421
PAST DECADES DUE TO MULTIPLE

5429
02:57:45,488 --> 02:57:48,124
REASONS, INCLUDING INCREASING

5430
02:57:48,190 --> 02:57:49,458
FREQUENCY OF SEVERAL

5431
02:57:49,525 --> 02:57:54,063
COMORBIDITIES SUCH AS OBESITY,

5432
02:57:54,130 --> 02:57:55,598
DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, AND

5433
02:57:55,664 --> 02:57:57,433
CURRENTLY AFFECT ALMOST TWEB

5434
02:57:57,500 --> 02:58:03,406
FIVE T25 TO30% OF PREGNANCIES AD

5435
02:58:03,472 --> 02:58:07,943
FREQUENCIES OF COMORBIDITIES,

5436
02:58:08,010 --> 02:58:09,678
MATERNAL AND NEONATAL

5437
02:58:09,745 --> 02:58:11,647
MORBIDITIES AND MORTALITIES,

5438
02:58:11,714 --> 02:58:13,716
ECONOMIC BURDEN, ONE OF THE

5439
02:58:13,783 --> 02:58:15,851
DRIVERS OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC

5440
02:58:15,918 --> 02:58:16,719
DISPARITIES IN PREGNANT

5441
02:58:16,786 --> 02:58:17,420
INDIVIDUALS IN THE UNITED

5442
02:58:17,486 --> 02:58:19,055
STATES, AND DESPITE ALL OF THIS,

5443
02:58:19,121 --> 02:58:20,956
IT'S BEEN REALLY LIMITED

5444
02:58:21,023 --> 02:58:22,725
PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES TO REDUCE

5445
02:58:22,792 --> 02:58:24,193
THE BURDEN AND FREQUENCY OF

5446
02:58:24,260 --> 02:58:28,164
THESE CONDITIONS.

5447
02:58:28,230 --> 02:58:32,001
CURRENT RECENT UNDERSTANDING OF

5448
02:58:32,068 --> 02:58:34,403
EX-CELLULAR VESICLES OR EXOSOMES

5449
02:58:34,470 --> 02:58:35,771
NATURALLY OCCURRED IN

5450
02:58:35,838 --> 02:58:40,376
NANOPARTICLES OF SMALLER 30 TO

5451
02:58:40,443 --> 02:58:41,444
200-NANOMETER SIZE, BETTER

5452
02:58:41,510 --> 02:58:43,345
UNDERSTANDING OF THEIR

5453
02:58:43,412 --> 02:58:45,681
CHARACTERISTICS AND ADDITIONALLY

5454
02:58:45,748 --> 02:58:47,083
THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR

5455
02:58:47,149 --> 02:58:48,684
CARGO HAS BEEN FOUND IN MULTIPLE

5456
02:58:48,751 --> 02:58:53,923
STUDIES TO BE -- SPECIFICALLY

5457
02:58:53,989 --> 02:58:55,424
PRETERM BIRTH AS WELL AS

5458
02:58:55,491 --> 02:58:56,959
PREECLAMPSIA, AND THAT'S THE

5459
02:58:57,026 --> 02:58:58,928
THOUGHT PROCESS OF WHETHER WE

5460
02:58:58,994 --> 02:59:04,033
CAN USE THESE EXOSOME AS NOVEL

5461
02:59:04,100 --> 02:59:05,668
BIOMARKERS TO ASSESS THE

5462
02:59:05,734 --> 02:59:08,637
PLACENTAL RESPONSE TO SOME OF

5463
02:59:08,704 --> 02:59:14,477
THERAPEUTICS, AND SAFETY.

5464
02:59:14,543 --> 02:59:15,978
AND THIS THROUGH THE SUPPORT OF

5465
02:59:16,045 --> 02:59:20,916
THE MPRINT OPPORTUNITY FUND,

5466
02:59:20,983 --> 02:59:22,485
SMALL PILOT FUNDS TO CONDUCT

5467
02:59:22,551 --> 02:59:24,687
PILOT STUDIES FOR PROOF OF

5468
02:59:24,753 --> 02:59:25,554
CONCEPT FOR OUR IDEA.

5469
02:59:25,621 --> 02:59:27,590
IN THIS STUDY, WE ENROLLED

5470
02:59:27,656 --> 02:59:29,125
PEOPLE WHO ARE AT RISK OF PLEA

5471
02:59:29,191 --> 02:59:31,961
ECLAMPSIA RECEIVING ASPIRIN,

5472
02:59:32,027 --> 02:59:37,366
WHETHER IT'S 81 OR 162 MG AS

5473
02:59:37,433 --> 02:59:39,468
PART OF CLINICAL CARE AND

5474
02:59:39,535 --> 02:59:40,870
CONTROL LOW RISK GROUP WHO DID

5475
02:59:40,936 --> 02:59:42,071
NOT RECEIVE ASPIRIN, AND SAMPLES

5476
02:59:42,138 --> 02:59:44,740
WERE COLLECTED FROM THIS GROUP

5477
02:59:44,807 --> 02:59:48,577
AROUND 28 WEEKS THROUGH LOCAL

5478
02:59:48,644 --> 02:59:52,515
SMALL BIOBANK, AND IN THIS

5479
02:59:52,581 --> 02:59:56,051
COHORT, RATE OF PREECLAMPSIA WAS

5480
02:59:56,118 --> 02:59:59,321
29% IN THE CONTROL GROUP VERSUS

5481
02:59:59,388 --> 03:00:01,790
18% IN THE ASPIRIN GROUP.

5482
03:00:01,857 --> 03:00:05,394
EXOSOMES WERE ISOLATED USING

5483
03:00:05,461 --> 03:00:07,029
MULTISTEP SENT FEW GAITION,

5484
03:00:07,096 --> 03:00:09,231
FOLLOWED BY ULTRA SENT FEW

5485
03:00:09,298 --> 03:00:11,567
GAITION, SIZE EXCLUSION COLUMN

5486
03:00:11,634 --> 03:00:12,535
PURIFICATION TO EXCLUDE OTHER

5487
03:00:12,601 --> 03:00:16,972
PROTEINS AND  THEN ANALYZE.

5488
03:00:17,039 --> 03:00:17,873
WHAT WE FOUND IS THE OVERALL

5489
03:00:17,940 --> 03:00:19,808
SIZE AND SHAPE OF THESE EXOSOME

5490
03:00:19,875 --> 03:00:22,344
DID NOT DIFFER BETWEEN THOSE WHO

5491
03:00:22,411 --> 03:00:25,648
ARE EXPOSED TO ASPIRIN AND THE

5492
03:00:25,714 --> 03:00:27,616
CONTROL GROUP, IN ADDITION, THE

5493
03:00:27,683 --> 03:00:30,252
EV MARKERS WERE SIMILAR AMONG

5494
03:00:30,319 --> 03:00:32,054
THE EXOSOMES FROM THE DIFFERENT

5495
03:00:32,121 --> 03:00:34,790
GROUPS IN THE STUDY, WHICH LED

5496
03:00:34,857 --> 03:00:37,092
US TO FOCUS MORE ON THE CARGO

5497
03:00:37,159 --> 03:00:39,695
AND USING DATA DEPENDENT

5498
03:00:39,762 --> 03:00:41,430
ACQUISITION BASED MODEL MASS

5499
03:00:41,497 --> 03:00:45,334
SPECTROMETRY WHICH WAS DONE --

5500
03:00:45,401 --> 03:00:48,871
THE LAB AT OHIO STATE, USING --

5501
03:00:48,938 --> 03:00:50,673
WE WERE ABLE TO IDENTIFY A WHOLE

5502
03:00:50,739 --> 03:00:52,074
BUNCH OF PROTEINS THAT WERE

5503
03:00:52,141 --> 03:00:58,314
EXPRESSED WITHIN THESE EXOSOMES,

5504
03:00:58,380 --> 03:01:02,618
AROUND 432 PER EXOSOME, THE DATA

5505
03:01:02,685 --> 03:01:06,488
WAS RUN AND THEY WERE EA ABLE TO

5506
03:01:06,555 --> 03:01:07,590
GENERATE A HEAT MAP AND FROM

5507
03:01:07,656 --> 03:01:12,728
THIS USING 1% POST DISCOVERY WAS

5508
03:01:12,795 --> 03:01:17,433
HAPPENING.

5509
03:01:17,499 --> 03:01:18,901
CAN YOU GO BACKWARD, PLEASE?

5510
03:01:18,968 --> 03:01:22,738
SO FROM THE HEAT MAP USING 1% --

5511
03:01:22,805 --> 03:01:25,207
DISCOVERY RATE, WE WERE ABLE TO

5512
03:01:25,274 --> 03:01:26,742
IDENTIFY 14 PROTEINS THAT WERE

5513
03:01:26,809 --> 03:01:27,843
DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED AMONG

5514
03:01:27,910 --> 03:01:30,613
GROUPS WHO WERE EXPOSED TO

5515
03:01:30,679 --> 03:01:31,947
ASPIRIN, AND THE HIGHEST GROUP,

5516
03:01:32,014 --> 03:01:34,450
AND THOSE WHO WERE NOT.

5517
03:01:34,516 --> 03:01:35,985
TO KIND OF SUPPORT THE

5518
03:01:36,051 --> 03:01:39,321
HYPOTHESIS OF THE UTILITY OF THE

5519
03:01:39,388 --> 03:01:41,423
CARGO FOR THESE EXOSOMES TO HELP

5520
03:01:41,490 --> 03:01:43,892
MONITOR THE RESPONSE TO

5521
03:01:43,959 --> 03:01:45,828
MEDICATIONS IN PREGNANCY.

5522
03:01:45,894 --> 03:01:47,796
AND THAT DROVE THE OVERALL

5523
03:01:47,863 --> 03:01:50,566
PROJECT, WHICH HAS AN OBJECTIVE

5524
03:01:50,633 --> 03:01:52,534
TO DEVELOP A NEW PLATFORM

5525
03:01:52,601 --> 03:01:57,006
THROUGH NICHD SUPPORT TO USE

5526
03:01:57,072 --> 03:01:59,541
EXOSOMES PROFILING AS NOVEL

5527
03:01:59,608 --> 03:02:02,111
BIOMARKERS TO MONITOR ADVERSE

5528
03:02:02,177 --> 03:02:03,946
PREGNANCY OUTCOME, RESPONSE TO

5529
03:02:04,013 --> 03:02:04,513
THERAPEUTICS.

5530
03:02:04,580 --> 03:02:05,981
FOR THIS AS A PROOF OF CONCEPT,

5531
03:02:06,048 --> 03:02:07,850
WE WANTED TO STUDY PREECLAMPSIA

5532
03:02:07,916 --> 03:02:10,919
AS THE HALLMARK OF THIS ADVERSE

5533
03:02:10,986 --> 03:02:12,421
PREGNANCY OUTCOME AS WELL AS

5534
03:02:12,488 --> 03:02:13,989
ASPIRIN AS A THERAPEUTIC AGENT

5535
03:02:14,056 --> 03:02:15,424
OF CHOICE TO SHOW THE UTILITY OF

5536
03:02:15,491 --> 03:02:17,192
THIS PLATFORM.

5537
03:02:17,259 --> 03:02:20,996
KNOWING THAT ASPIRIN IS THE --

5538
03:02:21,063 --> 03:02:23,699
MEDICATION RIGHT NOW TO PREVENT

5539
03:02:23,766 --> 03:02:24,667
PRE-ECLAMPSIA THE OVERALL THE

5540
03:02:24,733 --> 03:02:27,736
AIMS OF THE PROJECTS INCLUDE ONE

5541
03:02:27,803 --> 03:02:30,639
TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE THE

5542
03:02:30,706 --> 03:02:32,474
MULTI-MARKER PANEL OF EV PROAT

5543
03:02:32,541 --> 03:02:36,312
YOWM PROFILE, BOTH IN MATERNAL

5544
03:02:36,378 --> 03:02:39,848
AND FETAL EVs, FOR MONITORING

5545
03:02:39,915 --> 03:02:45,020
OF PLACENTAL FUNCTION IN

5546
03:02:45,087 --> 03:02:48,424
RESPONSE TO ASPIRIN THERAPY AND

5547
03:02:48,490 --> 03:02:51,560
NUMBER TWO, TO DEMONSTRATE THAT

5548
03:02:51,627 --> 03:02:54,596
MATERNAL AND FETAL EV PROTEOME

5549
03:02:54,663 --> 03:02:56,432
PROFILE IN THE SECOND AND THIRD

5550
03:02:56,498 --> 03:02:57,466
TRIMESTER PREGNANCY DIFFER

5551
03:02:57,533 --> 03:02:59,468
BETWEEN PEOPLE WHO DEVELOP

5552
03:02:59,535 --> 03:03:00,536
PREECLAMPSIA AND CORRELATE WITH

5553
03:03:00,602 --> 03:03:06,008
ASPIRIN DOSE OR SLI SICK ACID

5554
03:03:06,075 --> 03:03:08,043
CONCENTRATIONS, IN ADDITION TO

5555
03:03:08,110 --> 03:03:09,445
DEMONSTRATE CHANGES, WHETHER

5556
03:03:09,511 --> 03:03:12,414
THEY CORRELATE WITH THOSE

5557
03:03:12,481 --> 03:03:16,018
COMMONLY USED IN PREGNANCY WITH

5558
03:03:16,085 --> 03:03:17,486
PREECLAMPSIA AS WELL AS OTHER

5559
03:03:17,553 --> 03:03:18,587
CLINICAL OUTCOMES SUCH AS

5560
03:03:18,654 --> 03:03:19,688
PRETERM BIRTH AND GROWTH

5561
03:03:19,755 --> 03:03:20,022
RESTRICTION.

5562
03:03:20,089 --> 03:03:23,392
FOR THIS WE HAVE PUT TOGETHER A

5563
03:03:23,459 --> 03:03:24,993
MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM INCLUDING

5564
03:03:25,060 --> 03:03:26,862
MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE AND

5565
03:03:26,929 --> 03:03:29,398
HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE EXPERT,

5566
03:03:29,465 --> 03:03:34,570
MYSELF AND KARA ROOD,

5567
03:03:34,636 --> 03:03:39,274
PHARMACOLOGY TEAM, PROTEOMICS,

5568
03:03:39,341 --> 03:03:47,483
AND BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS

5569
03:03:47,549 --> 03:03:50,719
EXOSOME BIOLOGY EXPERT LED BY

5570
03:03:50,786 --> 03:03:52,588
DR. MENON AS WELL AS OTHER

5571
03:03:52,654 --> 03:04:01,196
INVESTIGATORS INCLUDING OTHERS.

5572
03:04:01,263 --> 03:04:03,899
THE STUDY AS DESIGNED IS A

5573
03:04:03,966 --> 03:04:06,435
COHORT OF MORE THAN 1,000 PEOPLE

5574
03:04:06,502 --> 03:04:08,737
AT RISK OF HYPERTENSIVE

5575
03:04:08,804 --> 03:04:12,741
DISORDERS AND RECEIVING ASPIRIN

5576
03:04:12,808 --> 03:04:14,810
USED AS PART OF CLINICAL CARE OR

5577
03:04:14,877 --> 03:04:16,678
FOR SOME OF THESE PATIENTS WHO

5578
03:04:16,745 --> 03:04:17,679
ARE PARTICIPATING IN OTHER

5579
03:04:17,746 --> 03:04:21,650
CLINICAL TRIAL ASPIRIN IN

5580
03:04:21,717 --> 03:04:25,721
PREGNANCY AND THE GOAL IS TO

5581
03:04:25,788 --> 03:04:28,891
ULTIMATELY OBTAIN SAMPLES WHO

5582
03:04:28,957 --> 03:04:30,826
DID NOT DEVELOP PREECLAMPSIA IN

5583
03:04:30,893 --> 03:04:33,228
ORDER TO ADDRESS OUR AIMS.

5584
03:04:33,295 --> 03:04:34,430
THESE ARE THE SUMMARY OF THE

5585
03:04:34,496 --> 03:04:38,434
STUDY PROCEDURES.

5586
03:04:38,500 --> 03:04:40,135
AFTER ENROLLMENT IN THE STUDY,

5587
03:04:40,202 --> 03:04:42,704
PATIENTS WILL UNDERGO FOUR

5588
03:04:42,771 --> 03:04:45,574
BIOSPECIMEN COLLECTION VISITS

5589
03:04:45,641 --> 03:04:46,608
DURING PREGNANCY, INCLUDING

5590
03:04:46,675 --> 03:04:47,910
THREE DURING PREGNANCY AND ONE

5591
03:04:47,976 --> 03:04:52,281
AT TIME OF DELIVERY, AND DURING

5592
03:04:52,347 --> 03:04:54,783
THESE DIFFERENT BIOSPECIMEN --

5593
03:04:54,850 --> 03:04:56,919
BLOOD WILL BE COLLECTED FOR

5594
03:04:56,985 --> 03:04:58,787
ISOSOME ISOLATION FOCUSING

5595
03:04:58,854 --> 03:04:59,788
INITIALLY ON THE MATERNAL AS

5596
03:04:59,855 --> 03:05:03,091
WELL AS THE FETAL EXOSOMES, AND

5597
03:05:03,158 --> 03:05:08,497
ALSO LOOKING AT THE BIOMARKERS

5598
03:05:08,564 --> 03:05:10,065
AT BASELINE AND THEN FOLLOWING

5599
03:05:10,132 --> 03:05:12,434
THAT AFTER EXPOSURE TO ASPIRIN,

5600
03:05:12,501 --> 03:05:14,736
PATIENTS WOULD ALSO EDITIONALLY

5601
03:05:14,803 --> 03:05:20,509
COLLECT EXOSOMES AS WELL AS

5602
03:05:20,576 --> 03:05:23,145
BIOMARKERS AND USING SALICYLIC

5603
03:05:23,212 --> 03:05:25,080
ACID CONCENTRATIONS, AND THEN AT

5604
03:05:25,147 --> 03:05:27,449
TIME OF DELIVERY, CLINICAL

5605
03:05:27,516 --> 03:05:28,550
OUTCOMES AS WELL AS PLACENTAL

5606
03:05:28,617 --> 03:05:31,119
AND FETAL MEMBRANES IN THE REST

5607
03:05:31,186 --> 03:05:36,725
OF THE BIOMARKERS.

5608
03:05:36,792 --> 03:05:39,228
BIOMARKERS WILL BE ISOLATED

5609
03:05:39,294 --> 03:05:46,802
DURING THE ULTRA

5610
03:05:46,869 --> 03:05:48,437
CENTRIFUGATION -- THIS IS THE

5611
03:05:48,504 --> 03:05:51,106
ONE THAT WE'LL BE USING FOR NOW.

5612
03:05:51,173 --> 03:05:54,843
IN ADDITION TO -- AND THEN THE

5613
03:05:54,910 --> 03:05:57,846
PROTEOMIX WOULD BE USING

5614
03:05:57,913 --> 03:05:58,847
DATA-INDEPENDENT ACQUISITION

5615
03:05:58,914 --> 03:05:59,715
OPPOSITE OF WHAT WE'VE DONE IN

5616
03:05:59,781 --> 03:06:01,283
THE PILOT STUDY.

5617
03:06:01,350 --> 03:06:03,485
FOR THE PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY,

5618
03:06:03,552 --> 03:06:06,555
WE'LL HAVE MINIMUM PK SAMPLING

5619
03:06:06,622 --> 03:06:08,991
THROUGHOUT THE PREGNANCY IN

5620
03:06:09,057 --> 03:06:12,294
WHICH PATIENTS WILL UNDERGO

5621
03:06:12,361 --> 03:06:14,696
BLOOD COLLECTION TO MAKE THE KEY

5622
03:06:14,763 --> 03:06:21,036
POINTS DURING THE -- IN THE PK

5623
03:06:21,103 --> 03:06:23,171
CURVE OF EXPOSURE, WITH THE GOAL

5624
03:06:23,238 --> 03:06:25,140
TO CORRELATE THE EXPOSURE WITH

5625
03:06:25,207 --> 03:06:26,775
THE EXOSOME CARGO AND CLINICAL

5626
03:06:26,842 --> 03:06:27,609
OUTCOMES.

5627
03:06:27,676 --> 03:06:30,445
AND THE GOAL FROM THIS, THE

5628
03:06:30,512 --> 03:06:33,081
STUDY HAS BEEN -- TO OBTAIN

5629
03:06:33,148 --> 03:06:35,183
FUNDING AND THE STUDY HAS BEEN

5630
03:06:35,250 --> 03:06:36,184
REGISTERED AND WE GOT IRB

5631
03:06:36,251 --> 03:06:37,286
APPROVAL SO WE'RE READY TO START

5632
03:06:37,352 --> 03:06:38,387
IT.

5633
03:06:38,453 --> 03:06:40,055
ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO DEVELOP THE

5634
03:06:40,122 --> 03:06:41,823
PLATFORM TO SHARE IT WITH THE

5635
03:06:41,890 --> 03:06:43,158
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND THEN

5636
03:06:43,225 --> 03:06:46,094
HAVE IT ESPECIALLY WITH THE

5637
03:06:46,161 --> 03:06:48,297
MPRINT NETWORK.

5638
03:06:48,363 --> 03:06:54,469
IN ADDITION TO -- TO PRODUCE

5639
03:06:54,536 --> 03:06:56,104
EASIER ACCESSIBLE ACCESS TO THE

5640
03:06:56,171 --> 03:06:57,673
FINDINGS, FOR OTHER OUTSIDE

5641
03:06:57,739 --> 03:06:59,741
INVESTIGATORS TO TAP INTO IT AND

5642
03:06:59,808 --> 03:07:01,176
WORK WITH THESE DATA.

5643
03:07:01,243 --> 03:07:06,081
AND OBVIOUSLY PARTNERSHIP WITH

5644
03:07:06,148 --> 03:07:07,516
NICHD, MFMU NETWORK AS WELL AS

5645
03:07:07,583 --> 03:07:11,620
OTHER NETWORKS, NIH, INDUSTRY

5646
03:07:11,687 --> 03:07:15,123
AND OTHER OUTSIDE INVESTIGATORS,

5647
03:07:15,190 --> 03:07:17,659
ULTIMATELY -- I KNOW THERE ARE

5648
03:07:17,726 --> 03:07:19,895
TWO LARGE -- THREE LARGE

5649
03:07:19,962 --> 03:07:20,963
ACTUALLY ASPIRIN STUDIES THAT

5650
03:07:21,029 --> 03:07:23,732
ARE PLANNED ON GOING.

5651
03:07:23,799 --> 03:07:26,835
ONE IS -- ONE THAT WOULD BE

5652
03:07:26,902 --> 03:07:30,672
COMPARING TWO DIFFERENT DOSES OF

5653
03:07:30,739 --> 03:07:33,942
ASPIRIN AT 11 CENTERS IN THE

5654
03:07:34,009 --> 03:07:35,978
COUNTRY, PLANNING TO ENROLL

5655
03:07:36,044 --> 03:07:36,845
ALMOST 11,000 PATIENTS, AND

5656
03:07:36,912 --> 03:07:37,613
HOPEFULLY, YOU KNOW, AT THE END

5657
03:07:37,679 --> 03:07:43,619
OF IT, WE'LL BE ABLE TO LEVERAGE

5658
03:07:43,685 --> 03:07:45,120
THESE PLANNED STUDIES TO ENRICH

5659
03:07:45,187 --> 03:07:46,188
THE NETWORK AND ALSO SUPPORT

5660
03:07:46,254 --> 03:07:48,724
OTHER INVESTIGATORS PLANNING TO

5661
03:07:48,790 --> 03:07:50,492
CONDUCT SIMILAR STUDIES.

5662
03:07:50,559 --> 03:07:51,126
THANK YOU, AND HAPPY TO TAKE ANY

5663
03:07:51,193 --> 03:08:00,669
QUESTIONS AT THE END.

5664
03:08:00,736 --> 03:08:06,508
>> THE NEXT SPEAKER IS HEATHER

5665
03:08:06,575 --> 03:08:09,811
BOWERMAN OF DOTLAB.

5666
03:08:09,878 --> 03:08:10,779
>> GREAT.

5667
03:08:10,846 --> 03:08:11,647
HELLO, EVERYONE, AND THANK YOU

5668
03:08:11,713 --> 03:08:14,816
FOR THE INVITATION TO BE A PART

5669
03:08:14,883 --> 03:08:17,085
OF THIS FANTASTIC DAY.

5670
03:08:17,152 --> 03:08:18,754
I AM REALLY EXCITED TO BE HERE

5671
03:08:18,820 --> 03:08:21,857
TO TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT

5672
03:08:21,923 --> 03:08:23,825
THIS LOOKS LIKE FOR US AS AN

5673
03:08:23,892 --> 03:08:26,862
EARLY STAGE STARTUP.

5674
03:08:26,928 --> 03:08:28,730
PARTICULARLY ONE IN A SPACE WITH

5675
03:08:28,797 --> 03:08:33,001
NO PREDICATE, AND HOW WHAT THESE

5676
03:08:33,068 --> 03:08:37,873
DISCUSSIONS REL REREA REALLY MES

5677
03:08:37,939 --> 03:08:39,074
ON A DAY-TO-DAY BASIS WHEN THESE

5678
03:08:39,141 --> 03:08:40,242
CONCEPTS ARE APPLIED AND REALLY

5679
03:08:40,308 --> 03:08:41,943
WHAT OUR JOURNEY HAS BEEN AS

5680
03:08:42,010 --> 03:08:45,447
WELL TO DEVELOP OUR OWN BIOROOSY

5681
03:08:45,514 --> 03:08:45,881
BIOREPOSITORY.

5682
03:08:45,947 --> 03:08:47,783
BEFORE I DIVE INTO THE SLIDES, I

5683
03:08:47,849 --> 03:08:51,720
WANT TO BE SURE TO GET TO A

5684
03:08:51,787 --> 03:08:52,921
COUPLE OF POINTS THAT HAVE STOOD

5685
03:08:52,988 --> 03:08:56,558
OUT TO ME FROM THE TALKS THIS

5686
03:08:56,625 --> 03:08:56,858
MORNING.

5687
03:08:56,925 --> 03:08:58,460
ONE WAS -- ONE JUST KIND OF AREA

5688
03:08:58,527 --> 03:09:01,763
THAT I KEEP COMING BACK TO IS

5689
03:09:01,830 --> 03:09:03,598
SOME FOLKS REFERRED TO THIS

5690
03:09:03,665 --> 03:09:05,400
NOTION OF PRECOMPETITIVE EARLIER

5691
03:09:05,467 --> 03:09:06,468
TODAY.

5692
03:09:06,535 --> 03:09:09,137
AND SO JUST KIND OF CHEWING ON

5693
03:09:09,204 --> 03:09:10,872
THAT TERM AND WHAT DOES THAT

5694
03:09:10,939 --> 03:09:13,175
MEAN FOR ME AS AN EARLY STAGE

5695
03:09:13,241 --> 03:09:14,810
PRIVATE COMPANY OR STARTUP, WHEN

5696
03:09:14,876 --> 03:09:16,678
I THINK ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF

5697
03:09:16,745 --> 03:09:22,651
A NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC TEST, MAYBE

5698
03:09:22,718 --> 03:09:23,752
IT'S NOT THE SAME PATH ACROSS

5699
03:09:23,819 --> 03:09:25,587
ALL AREAS BUT LOOSELY SPEAKING,

5700
03:09:25,654 --> 03:09:31,460
IT'S DISCOVERY, SINK EL SITE SIE

5701
03:09:31,526 --> 03:09:34,296
VALIDATION, MULTICENTER

5702
03:09:34,362 --> 03:09:36,531
VALIDATION AND SOME SORT OF

5703
03:09:36,598 --> 03:09:36,865
PIVOTAL TRIAL.

5704
03:09:36,932 --> 03:09:38,200
DEFINING A POINT THAT COULD

5705
03:09:38,266 --> 03:09:41,870
POSSIBLY BE DEFINED AS

5706
03:09:41,937 --> 03:09:42,871
PRECOMPETITIVE WOULD BE NEARLY

5707
03:09:42,938 --> 03:09:44,606
IMPOSSIBLE BECAUSE THERE ARE

5708
03:09:44,673 --> 03:09:46,007
VARIOUS POINTS ACROSS THAT

5709
03:09:46,074 --> 03:09:47,876
JOURNEY WHERE A PRIVATE COMPANY

5710
03:09:47,943 --> 03:09:48,910
COULD CHOOSE TO COMMERCIALIZE

5711
03:09:48,977 --> 03:09:49,811
DEPENDING ON THE REGULATORY PATH

5712
03:09:49,878 --> 03:09:50,145
OF CHOICE.

5713
03:09:50,212 --> 03:09:52,380
SO I WAS KIND OF SPINNING ON

5714
03:09:52,447 --> 03:09:53,248
THAT AND IT REALLY DOESN'T MEAN

5715
03:09:53,315 --> 03:09:53,915
ANYTHING TO ME.

5716
03:09:53,982 --> 03:09:56,084
SO JUST WANTED TO SHARE THAT.

5717
03:09:56,151 --> 03:10:00,088
ANOTHER POINT IS THAT I THINK

5718
03:10:00,155 --> 03:10:02,390
THE STAKEHOLDERS THAT WE TRY TO

5719
03:10:02,457 --> 03:10:07,229
APPEASE AS AN EARLY STAGE STA

5720
03:10:07,295 --> 03:10:08,296
STARTUP, PARTICULARLY AS A

5721
03:10:08,363 --> 03:10:08,730
UNIVERSITY SPINOUT.

5722
03:10:08,797 --> 03:10:09,998
THE STAKEHOLDERS ARE JUST SO

5723
03:10:10,065 --> 03:10:14,336
VAST, AND SO WE'RE THINKING

5724
03:10:14,402 --> 03:10:17,906
ABOUT ALL THE TOPICS THAT HAVE

5725
03:10:17,973 --> 03:10:19,174
BEEN HIGHLIGHTED TODAY AS WELL

5726
03:10:19,241 --> 03:10:21,243
AS HOW THIS WILL MAXIMIZE OUR

5727
03:10:21,309 --> 03:10:21,910
FUTURE REIMBURSE WENT

5728
03:10:21,977 --> 03:10:22,978
OPPORTUNITIES, AS WELL AS HOW WE

5729
03:10:23,044 --> 03:10:26,581
CAN MAXIMIZE THE TERM NALG VALUE

5730
03:10:26,648 --> 03:10:29,251
OF OUR COMPANY BY GOING THROUGH

5731
03:10:29,317 --> 03:10:32,420
FDA, WE CAN DO LBTs BUT I

5732
03:10:32,487 --> 03:10:33,288
WON'T EVEN TOUCH THAT TOPIC

5733
03:10:33,355 --> 03:10:34,723
RIGHT NOW.

5734
03:10:34,790 --> 03:10:41,062
AND THEN I THINK THIRDLY, ONE

5735
03:10:41,129 --> 03:10:44,533
KIND OF NOMENCLATURE PIECE IN

5736
03:10:44,599 --> 03:10:45,734
DIAGNOSTICS THAT REALLY GETS

5737
03:10:45,801 --> 03:10:47,702
UNDER MY SKIN IS CONTINUING TO

5738
03:10:47,769 --> 03:10:49,538
TALK ABOUT WOMEN'S HEALTH AS A

5739
03:10:49,604 --> 03:10:49,905
MONOLITH.

5740
03:10:49,971 --> 03:10:52,607
SO I THINK YOU COULD HAVE THREE

5741
03:10:52,674 --> 03:10:58,046
DIFFERENT TALKS ON HOW IN OUR

5742
03:10:58,113 --> 03:11:05,821
CASE MICRO ATLA MICRORNAs FOR

5743
03:11:05,887 --> 03:11:07,355
ENDOMETRIOSIS, WHETHER YOU'RE

5744
03:11:07,422 --> 03:11:09,691
TALKING ABOUT THERAPEUTICS OR

5745
03:11:09,758 --> 03:11:14,629
MED TECH, DIAGNOSTICS, SO ACROSS

5746
03:11:14,696 --> 03:11:17,365
ALL THOSE TOPICS WOULD VARY

5747
03:11:17,432 --> 03:11:18,433
WIDELY.

5748
03:11:18,500 --> 03:11:19,201
SO I'M HERE TO SHARE MY

5749
03:11:19,267 --> 03:11:20,001
EXPERIENCE AND HOPEFULLY SERVE

5750
03:11:20,068 --> 03:11:21,603
AS A CASE STUDY, BUT I DON'T

5751
03:11:21,670 --> 03:11:24,606
THINK THAT I HAVE THE ANSWERS,

5752
03:11:24,673 --> 03:11:27,242
BUT I DO REALLY FEEL STRONGLY

5753
03:11:27,309 --> 03:11:28,543
THAT IF THERE'S ONE THING THAT

5754
03:11:28,610 --> 03:11:32,314
COULD BE DONE TO HELP THE

5755
03:11:32,380 --> 03:11:32,714
ADVANCEMENT OF THE

5756
03:11:32,781 --> 03:11:34,416
COMMERCIALIZATION OF THE AMAZING

5757
03:11:34,482 --> 03:11:35,951
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND OUR

5758
03:11:36,017 --> 03:11:37,485
UNIVERSITIES, FEDERAL LABS AND

5759
03:11:37,552 --> 03:11:43,258
ELSEWHERE, IT WOULD BE TO

5760
03:11:43,325 --> 03:11:44,226
NATIONALIZE SOME SORT OF LIMB

5761
03:11:44,292 --> 03:11:44,659
SYSTEM.

5762
03:11:44,726 --> 03:11:47,295
BECAUSE I'VE HAD TO BUILD OUR

5763
03:11:47,362 --> 03:11:48,897
BIOREPOSITORY, ON WHICH THIS

5764
03:11:48,964 --> 03:11:51,433
TALK IS BASED, WE'VE BUILT THIS

5765
03:11:51,499 --> 03:11:52,834
FROM SCRATCH AND IT'S TAKEN

5766
03:11:52,901 --> 03:11:54,135
SEVEN YEARS.

5767
03:11:54,202 --> 03:11:57,706
AND NOBODY WANTS TO FUND THIS,

5768
03:11:57,772 --> 03:12:00,675
VENTURE CAPITAL IS THE WRONG

5769
03:12:00,742 --> 03:12:03,845
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT FOR MOST

5770
03:12:03,912 --> 03:12:05,780
RESEARCH EX-ER ESPECIALLY IN A

5771
03:12:05,847 --> 03:12:07,949
SPACE WITH NO AT LEAST

5772
03:12:08,016 --> 03:12:09,384
NONINVASIVE PREDICATE ASIDE FROM

5773
03:12:09,451 --> 03:12:11,753
SURGERY, SO WE REALLY RELIED ON

5774
03:12:11,820 --> 03:12:13,622
GRANTS, WE'VE RELIED ON HIGH NET

5775
03:12:13,688 --> 03:12:15,156
WORTH INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE MORE

5776
03:12:15,223 --> 03:12:16,024
COMFORTABLE PARTICIPATING IN --

5777
03:12:16,091 --> 03:12:20,662
IT'S REALLY KIND OF VENTUREFUL

5778
03:12:20,729 --> 03:12:26,935
FLAN THPHILANTHROPY.

5779
03:12:27,002 --> 03:12:28,737
CORPORATE VENTURE, IT'S

5780
03:12:28,803 --> 03:12:29,404
TECHNICALLY VENTURE CAPITAL BUT

5781
03:12:29,471 --> 03:12:30,472
IT'S MUCH MORE PATIENT THAN

5782
03:12:30,538 --> 03:12:33,975
GOING AND KNOCKING ON A DOOR AND

5783
03:12:34,042 --> 03:12:35,410
SAYING -- ASKING FOR AN

5784
03:12:35,477 --> 03:12:36,144
INVESTMENT SAYING I'M GOING TO

5785
03:12:36,211 --> 03:12:37,545
HIT A CERTAIN MILESTONE ON A

5786
03:12:37,612 --> 03:12:39,948
TIME FRAME THAT WE AGREE TO,

5787
03:12:40,015 --> 03:12:41,683
WHICH IN A SPACE LIKE THIS,

5788
03:12:41,750 --> 03:12:46,488
WHERE THE DATASETS ARE NOT

5789
03:12:46,554 --> 03:12:50,959
AVAILABLE, PLEAK ALREADY ARE,

5790
03:12:51,026 --> 03:12:52,560
FORGET ABOUT CLINICAL, IT TAKES

5791
03:12:52,627 --> 03:12:53,295
TIME TO BUILD FROM THE GROUND

5792
03:12:53,361 --> 03:12:53,561
UP.

5793
03:12:53,628 --> 03:12:54,763
SO THERE'S SO MUCH WORK TO DO

5794
03:12:54,829 --> 03:12:56,131
AND I HOPE THAT WE CAN PINPOINT

5795
03:12:56,197 --> 03:13:01,503
SOME REALLY TACTICAL STEPS, AND

5796
03:13:01,569 --> 03:13:02,671
THE WHITE HOUSE DIALOGUE THAT'S

5797
03:13:02,737 --> 03:13:06,408
BEEN GENERATED RECENTLY IS A

5798
03:13:06,474 --> 03:13:10,178
HUGE STEP IN THE RIGHT

5799
03:13:10,245 --> 03:13:10,979
DIRECTION, BUT I THINK IT'S

5800
03:13:11,046 --> 03:13:12,380
REALLY IMPORTANT THAT WE DON'T

5801
03:13:12,447 --> 03:13:14,783
MISTAKE PROGRESS FOR SUCCESS.

5802
03:13:14,849 --> 03:13:17,152
SO SOME OF YOU MAY HAVE SEEN THE

5803
03:13:17,218 --> 03:13:18,553
ARPA-H ANNOUNCEMENT FOR

5804
03:13:18,620 --> 03:13:19,788
$100 MILLION, AND THAT'S

5805
03:13:19,854 --> 03:13:21,122
FANTASTIC, BUT I THINK WE'RE

5806
03:13:21,189 --> 03:13:23,358
STILL BARELY SCRATCHING THE

5807
03:13:23,425 --> 03:13:25,226
SURFACE TO REALLY MOVE THE FIELD

5808
03:13:25,293 --> 03:13:28,830
FORWARD.

5809
03:13:28,897 --> 03:13:35,670
SO I'LL GO INTO THE SLIDES ABOUT

5810
03:13:35,737 --> 03:13:37,105
WHAT WE DO AT MY COMPANY,

5811
03:13:37,172 --> 03:13:38,206
DOTLAB, IF YOU WANT TO MOVE TO

5812
03:13:38,273 --> 03:13:38,640
THE FIRST SLIDE.

5813
03:13:38,707 --> 03:13:40,342
SO AS BACKGROUND, WE'RE FOCUSED

5814
03:13:40,408 --> 03:13:42,877
ON A NONINVASIVE TEST FOR

5815
03:13:42,944 --> 03:13:43,211
ENDOMETRIOSIS.

5816
03:13:43,278 --> 03:13:45,280
I DON'T THINK THAT THE

5817
03:13:45,347 --> 03:13:47,849
DIAGNOSTIC NEED FOR DIAGNOSING

5818
03:13:47,916 --> 03:13:48,516
ENDOMETRIOSIS IS ONE SIZE FITS

5819
03:13:48,583 --> 03:13:49,517
ALL.

5820
03:13:49,584 --> 03:13:51,386
SO TODAY, THE AVERAGE DELAY TO

5821
03:13:51,453 --> 03:13:53,722
DIAGNOSIS IS 10 YEARS, WHICH I'M

5822
03:13:53,788 --> 03:13:56,992
SURE EVERYONE IN THE ROOM KNOWS,

5823
03:13:57,058 --> 03:13:58,326
HOWEVER F WE THINK ABOUT WHAT'S

5824
03:13:58,393 --> 03:14:00,195
NEEDED AND WHAT'S REIMBURSABLE

5825
03:14:00,261 --> 03:14:01,730
FROM A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE,

5826
03:14:01,796 --> 03:14:03,231
THE FIRST TIME A PROVIDER

5827
03:14:03,298 --> 03:14:04,099
INTERACTS WITH A PATIENT

5828
03:14:04,165 --> 03:14:05,400
PRESENTING WITH PELVIC PAIN OR

5829
03:14:05,467 --> 03:14:07,535
OTHER KEY SYMPTOMS OF THE

5830
03:14:07,602 --> 03:14:09,804
DISEASE, THE APPETITE TO

5831
03:14:09,871 --> 03:14:11,039
REIMBURSE AT THAT FIRST

5832
03:14:11,106 --> 03:14:13,141
INTERACTION VERSUS A PATIENT

5833
03:14:13,208 --> 03:14:15,310
WHO IS MAYBE CONSIDERING HER

5834
03:14:15,377 --> 03:14:19,647
SECOND IVF CYCLE, THOSE

5835
03:14:19,714 --> 03:14:21,349
DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES ARE --

5836
03:14:21,416 --> 03:14:22,917
FROM A COMMERCIAL STAND POINT

5837
03:14:22,984 --> 03:14:25,120
ARE VASTLY DIFFERENT.

5838
03:14:25,186 --> 03:14:27,055
UNFORTUNATELY THE DIAGNOSTIC

5839
03:14:27,122 --> 03:14:33,428
DELAY IS EVEN WORSE THAN THE 10

5840
03:14:33,495 --> 03:14:35,163
YEARS THAT'S TYPICALLY CITED IN

5841
03:14:35,230 --> 03:14:38,967
WOMEN OF COLOR.

5842
03:14:39,034 --> 03:14:40,502
SO IT LOOKS LIKE THIS SLIDE IS A

5843
03:14:40,568 --> 03:14:41,703
LITTLE WARPED HERE, BUT POINT

5844
03:14:41,770 --> 03:14:43,104
BEING IS THAT THE DIAGNOSTIC

5845
03:14:43,171 --> 03:14:44,639
ODYSSEY IS LONG, AND ALL

5846
03:14:44,706 --> 03:14:47,108
STAKEHOLDERS THAT I MENTIONED

5847
03:14:47,175 --> 03:14:50,378
ARE IMPACTED BY THE DISEASE

5848
03:14:50,445 --> 03:14:51,379
PROGRESSION AND THERE HAVE BEEN

5849
03:14:51,446 --> 03:14:54,883
SO MANY EFFORTS OVER THE YEARS

5850
03:14:54,949 --> 03:14:57,118
TO LOOK AT VARIOUS MODALITIES

5851
03:14:57,185 --> 03:14:58,753
THAT MANY OF YOU ARE FAMILIAR

5852
03:14:58,820 --> 03:15:00,321
WITH, RANGING FROM IMAGING TO

5853
03:15:00,388 --> 03:15:02,390
PROTEINS TO MICRORNAs WHERE WE

5854
03:15:02,457 --> 03:15:04,325
HAPPEN TO FOCUS, BUT I THINK

5855
03:15:04,392 --> 03:15:06,961
WE'RE REALLY MAKING STRIDES WITH

5856
03:15:07,028 --> 03:15:08,596
OUR BIOREPOSITORY TO LAYER

5857
03:15:08,663 --> 03:15:10,665
MACHINE LEARNING ON TOP OF THE

5858
03:15:10,732 --> 03:15:11,866
BEST IN CLASS MARKERS THAT WE'VE

5859
03:15:11,933 --> 03:15:17,872
BEEN ABLE TO UNCOVER.

5860
03:15:17,939 --> 03:15:20,608
SO WHEN WE THINK ABOUT WHY THIS

5861
03:15:20,675 --> 03:15:22,544
PARTICULAR SPACE IS SO

5862
03:15:22,610 --> 03:15:24,412
CHALLENGING, IT'S REALLY BECAUSE

5863
03:15:24,479 --> 03:15:27,015
OF THE NONSPECIFIC NATURE OF

5864
03:15:27,082 --> 03:15:29,417
PELVIC PAIN, WHICH I WON'T GO

5865
03:15:29,484 --> 03:15:32,020
INTO WITH THIS GROUP, BUT

5866
03:15:32,087 --> 03:15:34,122
UNFORTUNATELY, IN THIS DISEASE

5867
03:15:34,189 --> 03:15:34,956
AREA, EVERYTHING ELSE NEEDS TO

5868
03:15:35,023 --> 03:15:36,925
BE RULED OUT BEFORE

5869
03:15:36,991 --> 03:15:37,792
ENDOMETRIOSIS WILL BE

5870
03:15:37,859 --> 03:15:40,862
MEANINGFULLY INVESTIGATED BY A

5871
03:15:40,929 --> 03:15:44,032
PROVIDER.

5872
03:15:44,099 --> 03:15:46,334
SO OUR GOAL WITH OUR WORK IS TO

5873
03:15:46,401 --> 03:15:48,470
ENSURE THAT WOMEN CAN RECEIVE

5874
03:15:48,536 --> 03:15:49,804
TREATMENT SOONER.

5875
03:15:49,871 --> 03:15:51,339
ONE THING THAT I'D LIKE TO

5876
03:15:51,406 --> 03:15:54,609
HIGHLIGHT IS THAT ONE OF THE

5877
03:15:54,676 --> 03:15:55,977
STAKEHOLDERS THAT WE INTERACT

5878
03:15:56,044 --> 03:15:57,645
WITH PRETTY OFTEN AND SHARE OUR

5879
03:15:57,712 --> 03:16:02,984
LATEST WORK WITH IS ON THE

5880
03:16:03,051 --> 03:16:03,751
PHARMA SIDE.

5881
03:16:03,818 --> 03:16:04,619
I THINK SOME OF YOU MAY BE

5882
03:16:04,686 --> 03:16:08,089
FAMILIAR WITH THE GNRH ANALOGS

5883
03:16:08,156 --> 03:16:10,258
THAT HAVE MADE IT PAST FDA IN

5884
03:16:10,325 --> 03:16:12,327
RECENT YEARS THAT'S REALLY THE

5885
03:16:12,393 --> 03:16:15,296
FIRST -- OR ALYSSA WAS THE FIRST

5886
03:16:15,363 --> 03:16:15,930
ENDOMETRIOSIS THERAPEUTIC TO

5887
03:16:15,997 --> 03:16:17,565
MAKE IT THROUGH FDA AFTER ABOUT

5888
03:16:17,632 --> 03:16:19,767
40 YEARS, BUT IT WASN'T

5889
03:16:19,834 --> 03:16:21,302
PRESCRIBED, AND THAT'S REALLY

5890
03:16:21,369 --> 03:16:24,005
DUE TO SURGERY REMAINING AS THE

5891
03:16:24,072 --> 03:16:24,706
GOLD STANDARD.

5892
03:16:24,772 --> 03:16:28,376
SO WHEN WE'VE BEEN DESIGNING OUR

5893
03:16:28,443 --> 03:16:31,646
TRIALS, THE STUDY DESIGN HAS

5894
03:16:31,713 --> 03:16:33,815
REMAINED THE SAME ACROSS ALL OF

5895
03:16:33,882 --> 03:16:37,318
OUR WORK WHERE WE COLLECT BLOOD

5896
03:16:37,385 --> 03:16:40,622
AND SALIVA SAMPLES AT THE TIME

5897
03:16:40,688 --> 03:16:50,298
OF LAB ROSS PEE ROS LAPAROSCOPYT

5898
03:16:50,365 --> 03:16:52,167
HISTOPATHOLOGY, WE REDRAW AT ONE

5899
03:16:52,233 --> 03:16:54,102
AND TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP VISITS

5900
03:16:54,169 --> 03:16:55,737
AND COLLECT CLINICAL DATA AT ALL

5901
03:16:55,803 --> 03:16:57,138
OF THOSE VISITS AS WELL.

5902
03:16:57,205 --> 03:16:59,541
AND SO ALL OF THOSE MOLECULAR

5903
03:16:59,607 --> 03:17:00,842
AND CLINICAL DATA POINTS HAVE

5904
03:17:00,909 --> 03:17:02,577
ALLOWED US TO PUT TOGETHER WHAT

5905
03:17:02,644 --> 03:17:06,481
WE BELIEVE IS A GLOBALLY UNIQUE

5906
03:17:06,548 --> 03:17:09,350
BIOREPOSITORY TO START TO DIG

5907
03:17:09,417 --> 03:17:11,419
INTO SOME OF THE TYPES OF

5908
03:17:11,486 --> 03:17:13,021
QUESTIONS THAT HAVE PERSISTED IN

5909
03:17:13,087 --> 03:17:14,656
THIS SPACE FOR SO LONG SUCH AS

5910
03:17:14,722 --> 03:17:16,424
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

5911
03:17:16,491 --> 03:17:17,292
ENDOMETRIOSIS AND OTHER

5912
03:17:17,358 --> 03:17:21,696
DISEASES.

5913
03:17:21,763 --> 03:17:23,631
SO OUR PIVOTAL TRIAL IS CALLED

5914
03:17:23,698 --> 03:17:24,799
EMPOWER, AND AS I MENTIONED,

5915
03:17:24,866 --> 03:17:28,403
IT'S FOE  FOCUSED ON PROVIDING E

5916
03:17:28,469 --> 03:17:30,371
TRAINING AND VALIDATION TATA TO

5917
03:17:30,438 --> 03:17:36,477
SUDATA TOSUPPORT THE MACHINE LEG

5918
03:17:36,544 --> 03:17:37,946
MODELS AS WELL AS THE OTHER

5919
03:17:38,012 --> 03:17:39,347
BUSINESS MODELS TO HELP US

5920
03:17:39,414 --> 03:17:40,181
COMMERCIALIZE THIS TEST.

5921
03:17:40,248 --> 03:17:41,549
SO IF WE HAD CHOSEN TO

5922
03:17:41,616 --> 03:17:42,517
COMMERCIALIZE OUR WORK AT THE

5923
03:17:42,584 --> 03:17:43,952
SINGLE SITE VALIDATION STAGE,

5924
03:17:44,018 --> 03:17:45,386
FOR EXAMPLE, WE WOULD NOT HAVE

5925
03:17:45,453 --> 03:17:48,823
BEEN ABLE TO ACHIEVE OUR GOALS

5926
03:17:48,890 --> 03:17:50,692
OF GETTING KEY OPINION LEADER

5927
03:17:50,758 --> 03:17:52,727
BUY-IN, WHICH FOR US IS

5928
03:17:52,794 --> 03:17:55,897
ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL, AS WELL AS

5929
03:17:55,964 --> 03:17:57,065
PURSUING REIMBURSEMENT.

5930
03:17:57,131 --> 03:17:58,399
BUT THE JOURNEY IS NOT OVER

5931
03:17:58,466 --> 03:18:00,001
AFTER THE PIVOTAL TRIAL

5932
03:18:00,068 --> 03:18:02,203
ACTUALLY, SO WE STILL NEED TO

5933
03:18:02,270 --> 03:18:04,172
PUT TOGETHER A NOVEL CLINICAL

5934
03:18:04,239 --> 03:18:08,543
UTILITY DATASET, WHICH MEANS A

5935
03:18:08,610 --> 03:18:09,177
TOTALLY DIFFERENT SET OF

5936
03:18:09,244 --> 03:18:10,278
PROVIDER TYPES WHO ARE NOT

5937
03:18:10,345 --> 03:18:11,246
SPECIALISTS IN ENDOMETRIOSIS,

5938
03:18:11,312 --> 03:18:13,481
USE OUR TEST, AND THEN

5939
03:18:13,548 --> 03:18:15,350
DEMONSTRATE IMPROVEMENTS IN

5940
03:18:15,416 --> 03:18:17,986
OUTCOMES USUALLY MEASURED IN

5941
03:18:18,052 --> 03:18:20,521
PELVIC PAIN AFTER SIX TO 12

5942
03:18:20,588 --> 03:18:24,025
MONTHS.

5943
03:18:24,092 --> 03:18:25,426
THIS IS A BIG PART OF WHY THE

5944
03:18:25,493 --> 03:18:27,295
TIME HORIZON FOR GETTING OUT A

5945
03:18:27,362 --> 03:18:28,930
NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC TEST IS A

5946
03:18:28,997 --> 03:18:38,072
DECADE OR SO I THINK WHEN IT

5947
03:18:38,139 --> 03:18:40,508
COMES TO THIS BIOREPOSITORY

5948
03:18:40,575 --> 03:18:45,913
SPEES SPECBIO REPOSITORYSPEES SO

5949
03:18:45,980 --> 03:18:47,148
COMMENT ON THAT, I WOULD SAY MY

5950
03:18:47,215 --> 03:18:48,249
PATH TO CONCLUDING THAT WE

5951
03:18:48,316 --> 03:18:50,084
NEEDED TO BUILD OUR OWN

5952
03:18:50,151 --> 03:18:52,720
BIOREPOSITORY FROM THE GROUND UP

5953
03:18:52,787 --> 03:18:55,890
REALLY SORT OF SOLIDIFIED AFTER

5954
03:18:55,957 --> 03:18:57,125
TALKING TO ALL OF THE KEY

5955
03:18:57,191 --> 03:18:58,926
OPINION LEADERS IN THE SPACE,

5956
03:18:58,993 --> 03:19:01,029
TRYING TO LEARN FROM THEM WHAT

5957
03:19:01,095 --> 03:19:05,533
MIGHT BE AVAILABLE, MOST OF WHAT

5958
03:19:05,600 --> 03:19:08,670
WE -- OR I LEARNED ABOUT WAS FOR

5959
03:19:08,736 --> 03:19:13,274
ACADEMIC USE ONLY, OR WAS NOT

5960
03:19:13,341 --> 03:19:14,175
SUFFICIENTLILY WELL

5961
03:19:14,242 --> 03:19:16,778
CHARACTERIZED FOR US TO LOOK AT

5962
03:19:16,844 --> 03:19:18,313
THE MARKER TYPES OF INTEREST FOR

5963
03:19:18,379 --> 03:19:24,185
US, AND USUALLY DID NOT HAVE

5964
03:19:24,252 --> 03:19:25,086
CLINICAL DATA TO GO ALONG WITH

5965
03:19:25,153 --> 03:19:25,753
IT.

5966
03:19:25,820 --> 03:19:27,221
SO SOMEONE MENTIONED EARLIER

5967
03:19:27,288 --> 03:19:28,189
SHARING EXCEL FILES, DON'T DO

5968
03:19:28,256 --> 03:19:30,191
THAT WITH A BIG RED X THROUGH

5969
03:19:30,258 --> 03:19:31,793
IT, I THINK THAT'S SORT OF THE

5970
03:19:31,859 --> 03:19:32,660
BEST OF WHAT WE SAW OUT THERE

5971
03:19:32,727 --> 03:19:34,462
THAT WAS AVAILABLE, SO TO PUT

5972
03:19:34,529 --> 03:19:35,763
SOMETHING TOGETHER ON THE LEVEL

5973
03:19:35,830 --> 03:19:38,833
THAT WOULD ALLOW US TO SHARE OUR

5974
03:19:38,900 --> 03:19:40,335
WORK WITH FDA, LET ALONE THE

5975
03:19:40,401 --> 03:19:44,072
OTHER STAKEHOLDERS, IT REALLY

5976
03:19:44,138 --> 03:19:46,040
HAS BEEN NOT POSSIBLE TO DO

5977
03:19:46,107 --> 03:19:47,875
ANYTHING BESIDES BUILD IT

5978
03:19:47,942 --> 03:19:48,976
OURSELVES FROM THE GROUND UP IN

5979
03:19:49,043 --> 03:19:52,013
TERMS OF THE BIOREPOSITORY.

5980
03:19:52,080 --> 03:19:53,915
I GUESS ONE OTHER THING BEFORE I

5981
03:19:53,981 --> 03:19:56,617
MOVE ON TO THE NEXT SLIDE IS

5982
03:19:56,684 --> 03:19:58,720
THAT I THINK I'VE REALLY

5983
03:19:58,786 --> 03:19:59,687
OBSERVED AND THESE ARE SOME OF

5984
03:19:59,754 --> 03:20:01,656
OUR PARTNERS BUT WE CAN PASS

5985
03:20:01,723 --> 03:20:04,292
THIS, I REALLY OBSERVE THAT

5986
03:20:04,359 --> 03:20:05,360
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS,

5987
03:20:05,426 --> 03:20:07,261
WHICH SOMEONE ELSE PRESENTED ON,

5988
03:20:07,328 --> 03:20:08,730
THAT THAT COMES INTO THE PICTURE

5989
03:20:08,796 --> 03:20:11,366
WAY TOO LATE.

5990
03:20:11,432 --> 03:20:15,103
SO TODAY, WE TALK ABOUT LIMBS IN

5991
03:20:15,169 --> 03:20:16,404
THE PRIVATE SECTOR, MOSTLY WHEN

5992
03:20:16,471 --> 03:20:17,905
WE'RE TALKING ABOUT HOW TO

5993
03:20:17,972 --> 03:20:21,309
DELIVER A COMMERCIAL TI TEST TON

5994
03:20:21,376 --> 03:20:22,610
ORDERING PROVIDER BUT WHY IS

5995
03:20:22,677 --> 03:20:24,112
THIS NOT UNIVERSALLY ADOPTED AT

5996
03:20:24,178 --> 03:20:27,315
THE R & D STAGE, IN SUCH A WAY

5997
03:20:27,382 --> 03:20:28,416
THAT SOMEBODY LIKE ME DOESN'T

5998
03:20:28,483 --> 03:20:30,685
HAVE TO GO ON A YEAR'S LONG

5999
03:20:30,752 --> 03:20:32,086
MISSION TO FIGURE OUT WHAT'S

6000
03:20:32,153 --> 03:20:33,287
AVAILABLE ULTIMATELY TO CONCLUDE

6001
03:20:33,354 --> 03:20:37,458
THAT THERE'S NOTHING AVAILABLE,

6002
03:20:37,525 --> 03:20:40,294
WHY CAN'T WE HAVE SOME SORT OF

6003
03:20:40,361 --> 03:20:42,797
STANDARDIZATION AROUND HOW

6004
03:20:42,864 --> 03:20:45,299
SPECIMENS ARE LABELED?

6005
03:20:45,366 --> 03:20:48,369
AND HAVE THAT REGULATED IN SOME

6006
03:20:48,436 --> 03:20:50,238
WAY BY A GOVERNING BODY WHERE WE

6007
03:20:50,304 --> 03:20:52,874
CAN HAVE SOME FAITH IN WHAT'S

6008
03:20:52,940 --> 03:20:58,546
REPORTED?

6009
03:20:58,613 --> 03:20:59,680
I THINK I COVERED MOST OF THIS

6010
03:20:59,747 --> 03:21:02,483
ALREADY BUT IN OUR EMPOWER

6011
03:21:02,550 --> 03:21:04,652
TRIAL, WE WORKED TO DESIGN THE

6012
03:21:04,719 --> 03:21:06,254
STUDY SO IT WAS BOTH POSSIBLE TO

6013
03:21:06,320 --> 03:21:09,123
ENROLL BUT ALSO MEET OUR

6014
03:21:09,190 --> 03:21:09,490
COMMERCIAL GOAL.

6015
03:21:09,557 --> 03:21:12,827
SO THIS IS WHERE WE LANDED, BUT

6016
03:21:12,894 --> 03:21:13,694
IT'S ALL AVAILABLE ONLINE AND

6017
03:21:13,761 --> 03:21:16,764
I'M HAPPY TO CHAT WITH ANYONE

6018
03:21:16,831 --> 03:21:18,533
AFTERWARDS ABOUT THE SPECIFICS

6019
03:21:18,599 --> 03:21:21,135
HERE.

6020
03:21:21,202 --> 03:21:24,505
BUT I THINK THE MOST

6021
03:21:24,572 --> 03:21:25,406
DISAPPOINTED THING FOR ME

6022
03:21:25,473 --> 03:21:26,374
ACTUALLY HAS BEEN THAT WE WERE

6023
03:21:26,441 --> 03:21:32,280
NOT ABLE TO FOLD IN A CLINICAL

6024
03:21:32,346 --> 03:21:33,481
UTILITY EFFORT INTO OUR CLINICAL

6025
03:21:33,548 --> 03:21:35,983
TRIAL, SO EMPOWER RAN AT OVER

6026
03:21:36,050 --> 03:21:37,318
TWO DOZEN TOP ACADEMIC SITES

6027
03:21:37,385 --> 03:21:40,488
ACROSS THE COUNTRY, BUT IN MANY

6028
03:21:40,555 --> 03:21:46,427
WAYS OUR WORK IS JUST BEGINNING.

6029
03:21:46,494 --> 03:21:47,662
TO GIVE SOME SENSE, WE

6030
03:21:47,728 --> 03:21:49,730
SCREENED -- THIS IS NOT THE END

6031
03:21:49,797 --> 03:21:51,265
OF THE STUDY BUT TO GIVE YOU A

6032
03:21:51,332 --> 03:21:53,668
SORT OF -- SOMETHING

6033
03:21:53,734 --> 03:21:54,535
REPRESENTATIVE, WE ENDED UP

6034
03:21:54,602 --> 03:22:00,308
SCREENING OVER 10,000 PATIENTS

6035
03:22:00,374 --> 03:22:01,843
FOR OUR TRIAL AND ENROLLED A

6036
03:22:01,909 --> 03:22:04,245
SMALL FRACTION OF THEM.

6037
03:22:04,312 --> 03:22:06,981
BUT WE DEVELOPED OUR INCLUSION

6038
03:22:07,048 --> 03:22:07,748
AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA IN ORDER

6039
03:22:07,815 --> 03:22:12,320
TO REALLY TRY TO HAVE THE

6040
03:22:12,386 --> 03:22:14,489
HIGHEST INTEGRITY SPECIMENS

6041
03:22:14,555 --> 03:22:21,496
POSSIBLE.

6042
03:22:21,562 --> 03:22:23,364
OUR PRODUCT IS CALLED DOT D

6043
03:22:23,431 --> 03:22:24,665
ENDO, OUR COMPANY IS CALLED

6044
03:22:24,732 --> 03:22:28,336
DOTLAB BUT OUR GOAL IS TO HAVE A

6045
03:22:28,402 --> 03:22:29,570
NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TEST

6046
03:22:29,637 --> 03:22:30,204
AVAILABLE FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS.

6047
03:22:30,271 --> 03:22:32,840
WE'RE ALSO INTERESTED IN

6048
03:22:32,907 --> 03:22:37,245
MONITORING, MEANING STAGING,

6049
03:22:37,311 --> 03:22:41,482
ALTHOUGH THOSE NO WIDELY ACCE

6050
03:22:41,549 --> 03:22:43,784
ACCEPTED STAGING SYSTEM, LARGELY

6051
03:22:43,851 --> 03:22:45,786
BASED ON VISUALIZATION, BUT THIS

6052
03:22:45,853 --> 03:22:47,822
DISEASE AS EVERYONE KNOWS IS

6053
03:22:47,889 --> 03:22:50,324
SOMETHING THAT REMAINS AN ISSUE

6054
03:22:50,391 --> 03:22:54,161
FROM THE TIME OF DIAGNOSIS

6055
03:22:54,228 --> 03:23:00,167
TYPICALLY UNTIL MENOPAUSE.

6056
03:23:00,234 --> 03:23:01,702
I THINK IN TERMS OF THE FUTURE

6057
03:23:01,769 --> 03:23:02,570
FOR OUR PARTICULAR COMPANY BUT

6058
03:23:02,637 --> 03:23:06,807
ALSO I THINK WHERE THIS FIELD IS

6059
03:23:06,874 --> 03:23:10,244
GOING FOR OTHER STARTUPS, I

6060
03:23:10,311 --> 03:23:12,280
THINK SOMEONE MENTIONED THIS

6061
03:23:12,346 --> 03:23:15,716
EARLIER, BUT IT'S FIERCELY

6062
03:23:15,783 --> 03:23:16,851
COMPETITIVE OUT THERE TO GET THE

6063
03:23:16,918 --> 03:23:19,053
RESORES ON THE BIOSTATISTICS

6064
03:23:19,120 --> 03:23:23,124
SIDE, SO ONCE WE HAVE THE WELL

6065
03:23:23,190 --> 03:23:24,058
CHARACTERIZED SPECIMENS, IT'S

6066
03:23:24,125 --> 03:23:27,495
ALMOST LIKE YOU -- IT'S

6067
03:23:27,562 --> 03:23:29,330
EVERY MAN FOR HIMSELF TO APPLY

6068
03:23:29,397 --> 03:23:32,066
THE NOVEL MACHINE LEARNING

6069
03:23:32,133 --> 03:23:32,767
MODALITIES IN ORDER TO REALLY DW

6070
03:23:32,833 --> 03:23:34,936
ANY CONCLUSIONS FROM THOSE

6071
03:23:35,002 --> 03:23:35,703
SAMPLES.

6072
03:23:35,770 --> 03:23:39,740
WHAT I HAVE ALWAYS REALLY FOUND

6073
03:23:39,807 --> 03:23:42,043
INTERESTING ABOUT OUR WORK IN

6074
03:23:42,109 --> 03:23:42,810
MICRORNAs IN PARTICULAR IS

6075
03:23:42,877 --> 03:23:44,178
THAT THERE'S BEEN ENORMOUS

6076
03:23:44,245 --> 03:23:46,080
OPPORTUNITY FOR US SORT OF

6077
03:23:46,147 --> 03:23:47,448
BECAUSE OF ALL THE FLAWS THAT

6078
03:23:47,515 --> 03:23:49,016
I'M HIGHLIGHTING AROUND THE LACK

6079
03:23:49,083 --> 03:23:56,891
OF STANDARDIZATION, BUT ALSO ON

6080
03:23:56,958 --> 03:24:00,394
THE PATENT SIDE THERE'S THIS

6081
03:24:00,461 --> 03:24:02,029
IDEA OF INVENTIVE SELECTION AND

6082
03:24:02,096 --> 03:24:03,664
THE CASE LAW WHICH MEANS THAT

6083
03:24:03,731 --> 03:24:06,834
WHEN IT'S NOT OBVIOUS WHICH

6084
03:24:06,901 --> 03:24:07,969
MICRORNAs OUT OF TENS OF

6085
03:24:08,035 --> 03:24:10,204
THOUSANDS THAT COULD BE

6086
03:24:10,271 --> 03:24:11,305
ASSOCIATED WITH A PARTICULAR

6087
03:24:11,372 --> 03:24:13,174
GENE TARGET IT'S NOT OBVIOUS

6088
03:24:13,240 --> 03:24:15,276
WHICH WILL BE ASSOCIATED WITH A

6089
03:24:15,343 --> 03:24:15,710
PARTICULAR DISEASE.

6090
03:24:15,776 --> 03:24:17,311
SO THAT HAS PRESENTED REALLY

6091
03:24:17,378 --> 03:24:18,512
UNIQUE OPPORTUNITIES ON THE IP

6092
03:24:18,579 --> 03:24:20,381
SIDE, BOTH IN TERMS OF PATENTS

6093
03:24:20,448 --> 03:24:21,816
BUT ALSO ON THE TRADE SECRET

6094
03:24:21,882 --> 03:24:22,350
SIDE.

6095
03:24:22,416 --> 03:24:24,652
SO OUR TRADE SECRETS OF OUR

6096
03:24:24,719 --> 03:24:25,753
COMPANY HAVE TO DO WITH NOT ONLY

6097
03:24:25,820 --> 03:24:28,923
HOW THE BIOREPOSITORY IS

6098
03:24:28,990 --> 03:24:30,691
ASSEMBLED, HOW WE HANDLE THE

6099
03:24:30,758 --> 03:24:33,628
SAMPLES, BUT ALSO THE ALGORITHM

6100
03:24:33,694 --> 03:24:35,496
ITSELF AND WHICH CLINICAL

6101
03:24:35,563 --> 03:24:37,264
FACTORS AND OTHER COMPONENTS

6102
03:24:37,331 --> 03:24:39,533
MAKE THEIR WAY INTO OUR

6103
03:24:39,600 --> 03:24:41,802
ALGORITHM, WHICH WILL NEVER BE

6104
03:24:41,869 --> 03:24:42,136
PUBLISHED.

6105
03:24:42,203 --> 03:24:43,904
SO IF WE THINK ABOUT PARTNERING

6106
03:24:43,971 --> 03:24:46,273
WITH A QUEST OR A LAB CORE, FOR

6107
03:24:46,340 --> 03:24:47,608
EXAMPLE, WE'RE REALLY FIRM IN

6108
03:24:47,675 --> 03:24:49,010
ALWAYS OWNING THE MACHINE

6109
03:24:49,076 --> 03:24:49,443
LEARNING PIECE.

6110
03:24:49,510 --> 03:24:51,746
THE LA GIST TICS PIECE, HANDLING

6111
03:24:51,812 --> 03:24:53,581
THE SAMPLES, WE'LL PARTNER WITH

6112
03:24:53,648 --> 03:24:57,318
ANYONE ON THAT BUT NOT ON THE

6113
03:24:57,385 --> 03:25:02,790
ALGORITHM SIDE.

6114
03:25:02,857 --> 03:25:03,791
SO THAT'S KIND OF BARELY

6115
03:25:03,858 --> 03:25:04,759
SCRATCHING THE SURFACE.

6116
03:25:04,825 --> 03:25:06,394
AGAIN, I THINK THAT WHAT I'M

6117
03:25:06,460 --> 03:25:09,797
SHARING IS REALLY JUST A SLICE

6118
03:25:09,864 --> 03:25:11,632
OF THE MED TECH SECTOR, BUT THIS

6119
03:25:11,699 --> 03:25:12,633
TALK WOULD BE COMPLETELY

6120
03:25:12,700 --> 03:25:14,902
DIFFERENT IF THIS WERE A

6121
03:25:14,969 --> 03:25:16,671
THERAPEUTICS COMPANY WHERE YOU

6122
03:25:16,737 --> 03:25:18,406
DON'T NEED SURGICALLY CONFIRMED

6123
03:25:18,472 --> 03:25:22,243
ENDOMETRIOSIS SAMPLES AND THOSE

6124
03:25:22,309 --> 03:25:23,277
BIOREPOSITORY NEEDS WOULD LOOK

6125
03:25:23,344 --> 03:25:27,281
NOTHING LIKE THIS.

6126
03:25:27,348 --> 03:25:28,916
SO I MEAN, I THINK WOMEN'S

6127
03:25:28,983 --> 03:25:30,117
HEALTH AND MATERNAL HEALTH IS

6128
03:25:30,184 --> 03:25:31,886
NOT A MONOLITH, BUT I'M REALLY

6129
03:25:31,952 --> 03:25:33,587
GLAD THAT THE LEADERSHIP HERE IS

6130
03:25:33,654 --> 03:25:34,255
DRIVING THE CONVERSATION.

6131
03:25:34,321 --> 03:25:44,699
SO THANK YOU SO MUCH.

6132
03:25:47,435 --> 03:25:57,845
>> OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS ROBIN

6133
03:26:01,515 --> 03:26:03,117
TUYTTEN.

6134
03:26:03,184 --> 03:26:04,652
>> HELLO.

6135
03:26:04,719 --> 03:26:06,387
FIRST OF ALL THANK YOU FOR

6136
03:26:06,454 --> 03:26:09,690
HAVING ME HERE.

6137
03:26:09,757 --> 03:26:10,891
I'M ALSO FROM A COMMERCIAL

6138
03:26:10,958 --> 03:26:14,028
COMPANY AND I WAS DELIGHTED TO

6139
03:26:14,095 --> 03:26:15,229
HEAR THE PREVIOUS SPEAKER.

6140
03:26:15,296 --> 03:26:16,997
I THINK MANY OF THE PAIN POINTS

6141
03:26:17,064 --> 03:26:17,531
WERE ADDRESSED HERE.

6142
03:26:17,598 --> 03:26:20,935
BUT I WILL BE TALKING HERE TODAY

6143
03:26:21,001 --> 03:26:27,708
IN MY CAPACITY AS A SCIENTIST.

6144
03:26:27,775 --> 03:26:29,877
SO THE TITLE, I DON'T THINK IT

6145
03:26:29,944 --> 03:26:32,179
FULLY AGREED WITH WHAT I MADE

6146
03:26:32,246 --> 03:26:33,013
THE PRESENTATION AFTERWARDS BUT

6147
03:26:33,080 --> 03:26:35,883
HERE WE GO.

6148
03:26:35,950 --> 03:26:38,385
SO I'LL VERY BRIEFLY TOUCH UPON

6149
03:26:38,452 --> 03:26:40,488
THE METABOLIC DIAGNOSTICS OF OUR

6150
03:26:40,554 --> 03:26:42,890
COMPANY, AND THEN HOW WE LOOK AT

6151
03:26:42,957 --> 03:26:44,625
PREECLAMPSIA AND PREECLAMPSIA

6152
03:26:44,692 --> 03:26:46,794
SCREENING AND HOW WE THINK THAT

6153
03:26:46,861 --> 03:26:47,628
BIOMARKERS CAN BE USED TO

6154
03:26:47,695 --> 03:26:48,796
IMPROVE THE UTILITY OF THE

6155
03:26:48,863 --> 03:26:50,598
SCREENING.

6156
03:26:50,664 --> 03:26:53,033
AND THEN WE NEEDED TO BUILD SOME

6157
03:26:53,100 --> 03:26:55,803
TOOLS TO ENABLE --

6158
03:26:55,870 --> 03:26:58,038
>> COULD YOU SPEAK DIRECT TO THE

6159
03:26:58,105 --> 03:26:58,339
MICROPHONE?

6160
03:26:58,405 --> 03:26:59,340
>> I'LL TRY TO, YES.

6161
03:26:59,406 --> 03:27:02,376
>> WE CANNOT HEAR CLEARLY.

6162
03:27:02,443 --> 03:27:03,511
>> MIGHT HAVE TO BEND DOWN A

6163
03:27:03,577 --> 03:27:04,211
BIT.

6164
03:27:04,278 --> 03:27:04,411
SORRY.

6165
03:27:04,478 --> 03:27:05,146
>> SORRY.

6166
03:27:05,212 --> 03:27:05,579
THANK YOU.

6167
03:27:05,646 --> 03:27:07,548
>> OKAY.

6168
03:27:07,615 --> 03:27:09,049
AND THEN I'LL TRY TO TALK A BIT

6169
03:27:09,116 --> 03:27:11,752
ABOUT WHERE WE'RE GOING, SO

6170
03:27:11,819 --> 03:27:13,354
WHERE WE REALLY TRY TO MAKE

6171
03:27:13,420 --> 03:27:14,622
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH

6172
03:27:14,688 --> 03:27:16,957
ACTIONABLE.

6173
03:27:17,024 --> 03:27:18,826
SO WHERE WE SEE OURSELVES AS A

6174
03:27:18,893 --> 03:27:19,693
COMPANY, SOMEWHERE AS A MIDDLE

6175
03:27:19,760 --> 03:27:23,264
MAN OR LIKE A CONDUIT, SO WE DO

6176
03:27:23,330 --> 03:27:26,867
NOT DISCOVER OUR OWN BIOMARKERS.

6177
03:27:26,934 --> 03:27:30,671
WE TAKE ON SO-CALLED BIOMARKERS

6178
03:27:30,738 --> 03:27:32,373
AND REALLY TRY TO SAY OKAY, ARE

6179
03:27:32,439 --> 03:27:34,341
THEY REAL, CAN WE VERIFY THEM IN

6180
03:27:34,408 --> 03:27:35,543
ANOTHER CONTEXT AND CAN WE THEN

6181
03:27:35,609 --> 03:27:38,846
SEE HOW WE CAN USE THEM TO

6182
03:27:38,913 --> 03:27:40,447
REALLY MAKE SENSE FROM A

6183
03:27:40,514 --> 03:27:41,649
CLINICAL UTILITY POINT OF VIEW,

6184
03:27:41,715 --> 03:27:43,951
SO CAN THEY HELP THE CLINICIAN,

6185
03:27:44,018 --> 03:27:47,988
CAN THEY IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF

6186
03:27:48,055 --> 03:27:52,993
THE MOTHER AND THE BABY, AND CAN

6187
03:27:53,060 --> 03:27:54,195
THEY ALSO MAKE SENSE FOR THE

6188
03:27:54,261 --> 03:27:54,662
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM.

6189
03:27:54,728 --> 03:27:57,498
IF WE CAN DO SO, IF WE CAN

6190
03:27:57,565 --> 03:28:01,035
DEFINE A SOLUTION WHICH

6191
03:28:01,101 --> 03:28:03,838
ADDRESSES THESE CLINICAL NEEDS

6192
03:28:03,904 --> 03:28:05,539
OR PRODUCT NEEDS, WE PACKAGE

6193
03:28:05,606 --> 03:28:06,907
THEM UP AND THEN DELIVER THEM TO

6194
03:28:06,974 --> 03:28:09,410
OTHER ACTORS SO WE DON'T SEE

6195
03:28:09,476 --> 03:28:11,712
OURSELVES AS MARKET-FACING.

6196
03:28:11,779 --> 03:28:14,982
WE REALLY TRY TO TAKE ON

6197
03:28:15,049 --> 03:28:18,485
BIOMARKERS, SEE ARE THEY REAL,

6198
03:28:18,552 --> 03:28:21,088
MAKE SENSE OF THEM THAT THEY CAN

6199
03:28:21,155 --> 03:28:22,623
REALLY HELP AND BECOME

6200
03:28:22,690 --> 03:28:23,924
ACTIONABLE, AND THEN BRING THEM

6201
03:28:23,991 --> 03:28:26,327
TO OTHER ACTORS WHICH HAVE A

6202
03:28:26,393 --> 03:28:30,297
MARKET FOOTPRINT.

6203
03:28:30,364 --> 03:28:31,398
SO WHEN THIS COMPANY WAS

6204
03:28:31,465 --> 03:28:33,367
ACTUALLY FOUNDED ON A PIECE OF

6205
03:28:33,434 --> 03:28:36,971
IP, SO THE COMPANY LICENSED A

6206
03:28:37,037 --> 03:28:42,877
SET OF PUTATIVE BIOMARKERS OR

6207
03:28:42,943 --> 03:28:45,179
METABOLOMICS BIOMARKERS SEEN TO

6208
03:28:45,246 --> 03:28:47,147
PREDICT PREECLAMPSIA IN EARLY

6209
03:28:47,214 --> 03:28:48,015
PREGNANCY, AND THAT WAS THE

6210
03:28:48,082 --> 03:28:48,449
STARTING POINT.

6211
03:28:48,515 --> 03:28:49,083
THE MISSION OF THE COMPANY AT

6212
03:28:49,149 --> 03:28:50,417
THAT STAGE WAS TO SAY OKAY, WE

6213
03:28:50,484 --> 03:28:54,555
WANT TO MAKE THIS A COMMERCIAL

6214
03:28:54,622 --> 03:28:58,826
VIABLE PROPOSITION, WHICH

6215
03:28:58,893 --> 03:28:59,793
ADDRESSES CLINICAL UTILITY.

6216
03:28:59,860 --> 03:29:05,599
SO MANY YEARS LATER, -- OUR OWN

6217
03:29:05,666 --> 03:29:07,534
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNEY,

6218
03:29:07,601 --> 03:29:09,436
WHICH REQUIRED US TO DEVELOP OUR

6219
03:29:09,503 --> 03:29:11,705
OWN ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES TO

6220
03:29:11,772 --> 03:29:13,908
MEASURE BIOMARKERS.

6221
03:29:13,974 --> 03:29:16,644
WE DEVELOPED OUR OWN SUITE OF

6222
03:29:16,710 --> 03:29:17,845
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO

6223
03:29:17,912 --> 03:29:21,115
REALLY ADDRESS THIS QUESTION AND

6224
03:29:21,181 --> 03:29:25,586
WE ALSO ESTABLISHED -- OR WE

6225
03:29:25,653 --> 03:29:26,387
TOOK SOME PROCESS DECISIONS TO

6226
03:29:26,453 --> 03:29:27,788
ENABLE US TO WORK WITH BIOBANKS

6227
03:29:27,855 --> 03:29:29,189
BECAUSE WE ALSO NEED SAMPLES TO

6228
03:29:29,256 --> 03:29:30,190
DO THIS.

6229
03:29:30,257 --> 03:29:33,160
SO I CAN TALK A BIT MORE ABOUT

6230
03:29:33,227 --> 03:29:35,229
OUR WORK IN PRETERM

6231
03:29:35,296 --> 03:29:38,499
PREECLAMPSIA, AND ALSO WHAT ARE

6232
03:29:38,565 --> 03:29:39,833
THESE DECISIONS THAT ALLOWED US

6233
03:29:39,900 --> 03:29:43,137
TO GET ACCESS TO SAMPLES OF

6234
03:29:43,203 --> 03:29:45,606
13,000 PREGNANCIES AND SAMPLES

6235
03:29:45,673 --> 03:29:51,078
WHICH WE HAVE ON SITE.

6236
03:29:51,145 --> 03:29:55,115
SO I'M NOT GOING TO TALK ABOUT

6237
03:29:55,182 --> 03:29:55,883
PREECLAMPSIA, IT WAS ALREADY

6238
03:29:55,950 --> 03:29:59,153
TOUCHED UPON, BUT SOME IDEAS

6239
03:29:59,219 --> 03:30:01,922
ABOUT HOW WE ARE APPROACHING THE

6240
03:30:01,989 --> 03:30:05,192
PROBLEM.

6241
03:30:05,259 --> 03:30:08,128
SO AT THE TIME WHEN WE GOT

6242
03:30:08,195 --> 03:30:11,498
STARTED, PROFESSOR ROBERTS FROM

6243
03:30:11,565 --> 03:30:13,033
THE WOMEN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE

6244
03:30:13,100 --> 03:30:14,368
IN PIT BURG, ONE OF THE KEY

6245
03:30:14,435 --> 03:30:17,438
LEADERS IN PREECLAMPSIA, WROTE

6246
03:30:17,504 --> 03:30:21,475
THIS VERY INTRIGUING AND MAYBE

6247
03:30:21,542 --> 03:30:22,876
THOUGHT-PROVOKING PAPER AT THE

6248
03:30:22,943 --> 03:30:24,511
TIME SAYING OKAY, IF WE KNOW SO

6249
03:30:24,578 --> 03:30:25,746
MUCH ABOUT PREECLAMPSIA, WHY

6250
03:30:25,813 --> 03:30:26,814
HAVEN'T WE CURED THE DISEASE?

6251
03:30:26,880 --> 03:30:28,582
AND THIS CAME ALL BACK TO THE

6252
03:30:28,649 --> 03:30:32,119
IDEA THAT, OKAY, THERE IS SO

6253
03:30:32,186 --> 03:30:33,454
MANY BIOMARKER DISCOVERY GOING

6254
03:30:33,520 --> 03:30:37,591
ON LEADING TO NEW BIOMARKERS BUT

6255
03:30:37,658 --> 03:30:41,195
THEY ALWAYS FAILED TO DELIVER --

6256
03:30:41,261 --> 03:30:43,831
ANOTHER CONTEXT, WHAT I'M

6257
03:30:43,897 --> 03:30:47,434
POSITING TO SAY, IT'S NOT THAT

6258
03:30:47,501 --> 03:30:50,070
THIS IS BAD RESEARCH, ACTUALLY,

6259
03:30:50,137 --> 03:30:52,473
NO, THE RESULT OF THE BIOMARKERS

6260
03:30:52,539 --> 03:30:53,874
DISCOVERY IS CONTEXT-DEPENDENT.

6261
03:30:53,941 --> 03:30:55,542
SO WHEN YOU FIND A BIOMARKER IN

6262
03:30:55,609 --> 03:30:58,178
A CERTAIN CLINICAL CENTER OR

6263
03:30:58,245 --> 03:30:59,346
DEMOGRAPHIC, THIS MIGHT WORK,

6264
03:30:59,413 --> 03:31:01,982
THIS MIGHT BE A BIOMARKER

6265
03:31:02,049 --> 03:31:05,085
APPLICABLE FOR THAT SPECIFIC

6266
03:31:05,152 --> 03:31:06,020
PATIENT DEMOGRAPHIC.

6267
03:31:06,086 --> 03:31:08,989
BECAUSE IT MIGHT SHARE MAYBE AN

6268
03:31:09,056 --> 03:31:09,923
UNDERLYING RISK PROFILE.

6269
03:31:09,990 --> 03:31:14,128
AT THE SAME TIME, IT ALSO -- THE

6270
03:31:14,194 --> 03:31:15,295
UNDERSTANDING THAT PREECLAMPSIA

6271
03:31:15,362 --> 03:31:17,197
IS NOT A SINGLE DISEASE, BUT

6272
03:31:17,264 --> 03:31:22,102
RATHER A SYNDROME OF --

6273
03:31:22,169 --> 03:31:23,637
COMPRISED OF MANY SUBTYPES OF

6274
03:31:23,704 --> 03:31:24,838
DISEASE.

6275
03:31:24,905 --> 03:31:28,909
SO THERE AGAIN, MAYBE,

6276
03:31:28,976 --> 03:31:30,544
PREECLAMPSIA IS

6277
03:31:30,611 --> 03:31:31,412
CONTEXT-DEPENDENT AND CERTAIN

6278
03:31:31,478 --> 03:31:33,814
RISK PROFILES WILL GENERATE

6279
03:31:33,881 --> 03:31:35,449
MAYBE CERTAIN EXPRESSION OF

6280
03:31:35,516 --> 03:31:38,419
CERTAIN SUBTYPES.

6281
03:31:38,485 --> 03:31:40,287
SO IF YOU THINK THAT THROUGH,

6282
03:31:40,354 --> 03:31:43,357
MAKING A TEST SCREENING FOR

6283
03:31:43,424 --> 03:31:44,324
PREECLAMPSIA, FINDING WOMEN AT

6284
03:31:44,391 --> 03:31:48,162
RISK OF PREECLAMPSIA, THAT WORK

6285
03:31:48,228 --> 03:31:51,131
OVERALL BECOMES VERY HARD, YES.

6286
03:31:51,198 --> 03:31:54,735
NEXT SLIDE.

6287
03:31:54,802 --> 03:31:56,837
BUT WE TOOK THAT ON BOARD, THIS

6288
03:31:56,904 --> 03:31:58,872
CONCEPT OF PROFESSOR ROBERTS IN

6289
03:31:58,939 --> 03:32:02,376
OUR OWN STRATEGY, SO OKAY, SO IF

6290
03:32:02,443 --> 03:32:04,678
WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO HEDGE

6291
03:32:04,745 --> 03:32:07,414
AGAINST THE PROBLEM THAT

6292
03:32:07,481 --> 03:32:09,483
SCREENING NEEDS TO BE

6293
03:32:09,550 --> 03:32:10,584
CONTEXT-SPECIFIC, BEING ABLE TO

6294
03:32:10,651 --> 03:32:14,088
DEAL WITH THAT, WE NEED TO FIND

6295
03:32:14,154 --> 03:32:20,561
MAYBE WAYS TO ADDRESS THIS

6296
03:32:20,627 --> 03:32:23,297
CHANGE IN RISK PROFILES ACROSS

6297
03:32:23,363 --> 03:32:25,699
DIFFERENT PATIENT DEMOGRAPHICS,

6298
03:32:25,766 --> 03:32:26,700
SO OF COURSE PATIENT DEMOGRAPHIC

6299
03:32:26,767 --> 03:32:29,536
IS VERY HARD TO SAMPLE, BUT THE

6300
03:32:29,603 --> 03:32:31,705
EPIDEMIOLOGY GIVES US SOME CUES

6301
03:32:31,772 --> 03:32:34,775
TO MAYBE SAY OKAY, CAN WE USE

6302
03:32:34,842 --> 03:32:35,876
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA TO CREATE A

6303
03:32:35,943 --> 03:32:38,612
CERTAIN TYPE OF MATERNAL

6304
03:32:38,679 --> 03:32:41,048
PHENOTYPE WHICH MIGHT IN ITSELF

6305
03:32:41,115 --> 03:32:44,284
BE A PROXY FOR ENRICHED --

6306
03:32:44,351 --> 03:32:45,719
UNDERLYING SUBTEASE ORIS BEING

6307
03:32:45,786 --> 03:32:50,157
PROFILE FOR DISEASE.

6308
03:32:50,224 --> 03:32:52,226
AND -- FOR EXAMPLE, YOUR BMI, OR

6309
03:32:52,292 --> 03:32:58,031
I SARCOMAS I, MATHERE'S AN ASSON

6310
03:32:58,098 --> 03:33:00,334
BMI AND PREECLAMPSIA RISK, SO

6311
03:33:00,400 --> 03:33:02,102
LEAN WOMEN HAVE A LOWER RISK

6312
03:33:02,169 --> 03:33:03,670
TYPICALLY THAN OBESE WOMEN.

6313
03:33:03,737 --> 03:33:06,507
MAYBE YOU CAN FIT BIOMARKERS

6314
03:33:06,573 --> 03:33:10,244
THAT WORK SPECIFICALLY TO LEAN

6315
03:33:10,310 --> 03:33:11,478
WOMEN AND OBESE WOMEN.

6316
03:33:11,545 --> 03:33:13,747
THE SAME IS TRUE FOR RACE OR

6317
03:33:13,814 --> 03:33:17,151
ETHNICITY AND RACE, SO IT IS

6318
03:33:17,217 --> 03:33:19,219
WELL-KNOWN THAT WOMEN OF AFRICAN

6319
03:33:19,286 --> 03:33:21,722
ANCESTRY HAVE A HIGHER RISK FOR

6320
03:33:21,788 --> 03:33:23,891
PREECLAMPSIA THAN OTHER WOMEN.

6321
03:33:23,957 --> 03:33:26,126
MAYBE THERE IS BIOMARKERS THAT

6322
03:33:26,193 --> 03:33:30,631
FIT THIS RISK PROFILE BETTER.

6323
03:33:30,697 --> 03:33:33,066
SO WE TOOK THAT AS A WORKING

6324
03:33:33,133 --> 03:33:34,101
HYPOTHESIS.

6325
03:33:34,168 --> 03:33:36,937
WE DID -- WITH THE IDEA THAT OUR

6326
03:33:37,004 --> 03:33:38,372
SEARCH COULD BE HEDGING AGAINST

6327
03:33:38,438 --> 03:33:40,641
THESE CHANGES IN RISK PROFILES

6328
03:33:40,707 --> 03:33:44,077
IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHICS.

6329
03:33:44,144 --> 03:33:46,747
SO AS THE NAME OF THE COMPANY

6330
03:33:46,813 --> 03:33:52,052
SUGGESTS, WE'RE USING

6331
03:33:52,119 --> 03:33:54,488
METABOLITES D TO DO THIS, THEY'E

6332
03:33:54,555 --> 03:33:56,223
IN A WAY VERY GOOD IF YOU WANT

6333
03:33:56,290 --> 03:33:59,660
TO GET A SENSE OF WHERE YOU ARE

6334
03:33:59,726 --> 03:34:01,595
AT A CERTAIN STATE OF SAMPLING,

6335
03:34:01,662 --> 03:34:04,231
SO THE METABALOME IS REFLECTING

6336
03:34:04,298 --> 03:34:05,532
WHAT IS CODED IN THE GENOME BUT

6337
03:34:05,599 --> 03:34:08,168
IT IS ALSO REA SPONDING, SAY,

6338
03:34:08,235 --> 03:34:12,206
WHO YOU ARE, WHAT YOU EAT, YOUR

6339
03:34:12,272 --> 03:34:14,508
MICROBIOME, YOUR ENVIRONMENT,

6340
03:34:14,575 --> 03:34:15,175
THE EXPOSOME, AND YOU CAN

6341
03:34:15,242 --> 03:34:16,710
MEASURE THAT.

6342
03:34:16,777 --> 03:34:18,879
SO THAT'S THE IDEA OF

6343
03:34:18,946 --> 03:34:19,313
METABOLOMICS.

6344
03:34:19,379 --> 03:34:23,584
YOU REALLY MEASURE ALL -- YOU DO

6345
03:34:23,650 --> 03:34:26,320
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE

6346
03:34:26,386 --> 03:34:27,354
METABALOME.

6347
03:34:27,421 --> 03:34:29,556
THE PROBLEM IS, OF COURSE, THE

6348
03:34:29,623 --> 03:34:32,059
METABALOME HAS SUCH -- YOU

6349
03:34:32,125 --> 03:34:35,028
CANNOT BRING FORWARD TO THE

6350
03:34:35,095 --> 03:34:37,331
PATIENTS, SO THESE METABOLOMICS

6351
03:34:37,397 --> 03:34:38,899
STUDIES TYPICALLY DO FAIL TO

6352
03:34:38,966 --> 03:34:41,802
DELIVER ACTIONABLE -- SO YOU

6353
03:34:41,868 --> 03:34:43,503
HAVE TO REFORMULATE THE

6354
03:34:43,570 --> 03:34:45,973
QUESTION, CAN WE REALLY EXTRACT

6355
03:34:46,039 --> 03:34:47,174
METABOLITES OF INTEREST WHICH

6356
03:34:47,241 --> 03:34:50,010
STILL CARRY SOME INFORMATION,

6357
03:34:50,077 --> 03:34:51,478
BRING THEM TOGETHER TO MAKE A

6358
03:34:51,545 --> 03:34:51,778
TEST?

6359
03:34:51,845 --> 03:34:53,146
SO THAT'S WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO

6360
03:34:53,213 --> 03:34:59,086
DO.

6361
03:34:59,152 --> 03:35:02,589
SO VERY BRIEFLY ON SOME OF THE

6362
03:35:02,656 --> 03:35:04,791
TECHNOLOGIES AND THE TOOLS WE

6363
03:35:04,858 --> 03:35:06,426
DEVELOPED TO DELIVER ON WHAT WE

6364
03:35:06,493 --> 03:35:08,629
WANTED TO DO WAS SAY ESSENTIALLY

6365
03:35:08,695 --> 03:35:11,164
TAKING ON LOTS OF BIOMARKERS,

6366
03:35:11,231 --> 03:35:13,467
IDENTIFIED BY OTHERS, AND SEE

6367
03:35:13,533 --> 03:35:17,271
HOW THEY REALLY WORK AND CAN WE

6368
03:35:17,337 --> 03:35:19,172
FIT THEM WITH MAYBE CERTAIN RISK

6369
03:35:19,239 --> 03:35:20,807
PROFILES AND SEE IF YOU CAN USE

6370
03:35:20,874 --> 03:35:26,046
THAT INFORMATION TO IMPROVE

6371
03:35:26,113 --> 03:35:27,147
PREECLAMPSIA PREDICTION OR

6372
03:35:27,214 --> 03:35:28,482
PREDICTION OF ANY OF THE ADVERSE

6373
03:35:28,548 --> 03:35:33,253
PREGNANCY OUTCOMES.

6374
03:35:33,320 --> 03:35:34,921
SO WE NEED TWO CRITICAL

6375
03:35:34,988 --> 03:35:37,557
COMPONENTS.

6376
03:35:37,624 --> 03:35:40,494
SO FIRST WE NEED SOME TYPE OF

6377
03:35:40,560 --> 03:35:41,395
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH, A

6378
03:35:41,461 --> 03:35:46,633
PLATFORM WHICH WE CALL M-SCOUT,

6379
03:35:46,700 --> 03:35:51,772
ESSENTIALLY A LIBRARY -- WE'RE

6380
03:35:51,838 --> 03:35:58,478
ABLE TO SCREEN AND VERIFY ANY OF

6381
03:35:58,545 --> 03:36:00,113
THESE PUTATIVE BIOMARKERS IN AN

6382
03:36:00,180 --> 03:36:03,283
EFFECTIVE WAY, IN A CONTROLLED

6383
03:36:03,350 --> 03:36:04,618
WAY, AGAINST SAMPLES.

6384
03:36:04,685 --> 03:36:06,987
SO WE NEED A LIBRARY OF ASSAYS.

6385
03:36:07,054 --> 03:36:10,524
OF COURSE IF YOU WANT TO LOOK

6386
03:36:10,590 --> 03:36:14,461
FOR, VERIFY BIOMARKERS, AND TAKE

6387
03:36:14,528 --> 03:36:16,096
INTO ACCOUNT PHENOTYPE WE ALSO

6388
03:36:16,163 --> 03:36:21,702
NEED ACCESS TO SEVERAL, SEVERAL

6389
03:36:21,768 --> 03:36:22,002
SAMPLES.

6390
03:36:22,069 --> 03:36:26,940
SO AT THE END OF PREGNANCY --

6391
03:36:27,007 --> 03:36:28,575
EARLY PREGNANCY IN THE FIRST

6392
03:36:28,642 --> 03:36:31,078
TRIMESTER, WE WANT TO TAP INTO

6393
03:36:31,144 --> 03:36:32,546
THE ASPIRIN -- THAT YOU CAN

6394
03:36:32,612 --> 03:36:35,082
PREVENT SOME OF THE PREECLAMPSIA

6395
03:36:35,148 --> 03:36:36,917
HAPPENED, AND NEEDS TO BE WELL

6396
03:36:36,983 --> 03:36:38,552
ANNOTATED IN TERMS OF CLINICAL

6397
03:36:38,618 --> 03:36:39,553
INFORMATION AS WELL AS PREGNANCY

6398
03:36:39,619 --> 03:36:42,255
OUTCOMES.

6399
03:36:42,322 --> 03:36:44,891
SO WE DID THAT FIRST, WE BUILT

6400
03:36:44,958 --> 03:36:47,194
M-SCOUT, AND WE SEE IT AS A

6401
03:36:47,260 --> 03:36:49,830
GENERATOR OF WELL CONTROLLED

6402
03:36:49,896 --> 03:36:51,131
METABOLITE BIOMARKER DATA, WE

6403
03:36:51,198 --> 03:36:56,069
LOOK AT MANY, MANY METABOLITE

6404
03:36:56,136 --> 03:36:57,504
BIOMARKERS AT THE SAME TIME.

6405
03:36:57,571 --> 03:36:59,439
IN A TARGETED WAY WE ALWAYS KNOW

6406
03:36:59,506 --> 03:37:02,542
WHAT WE ARE MEASURING, SO

6407
03:37:02,609 --> 03:37:04,378
WE'RE -- MAKE AN ASSAY TO PUT

6408
03:37:04,444 --> 03:37:06,246
THAT STANDARD SO WE KNOW WHAT

6409
03:37:06,313 --> 03:37:07,347
WE'RE MEASURING.

6410
03:37:07,414 --> 03:37:08,315
IT'S AN OPEN PLATFORM.

6411
03:37:08,382 --> 03:37:11,518
WE CAN ADD NEW BIOMARKERS OR

6412
03:37:11,585 --> 03:37:12,285
BIOMARKER CANDIDATES OVER TIE.

6413
03:37:12,352 --> 03:37:14,588
IT ALLOWS US TO QUANTIFY OR SEMI

6414
03:37:14,654 --> 03:37:16,890
QUANTIFY SO WE CAN LOOK FOR

6415
03:37:16,957 --> 03:37:17,557
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GROUPS.

6416
03:37:17,624 --> 03:37:20,694
IT IS QUITE COST-EFFICIENT, AND

6417
03:37:20,761 --> 03:37:22,562
WE'VE BUILT A WHOLE SUITE OF

6418
03:37:22,629 --> 03:37:24,164
DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS AROUND TO

6419
03:37:24,231 --> 03:37:31,371
ANALYZE THE DATA.

6420
03:37:31,438 --> 03:37:34,141
WHEN WE BUILT M-SCOUT WE

6421
03:37:34,207 --> 03:37:35,108
DELIVERED THE DECISION THAT WE

6422
03:37:35,175 --> 03:37:36,410
ALWAYS WANTED TO START FROM A

6423
03:37:36,476 --> 03:37:37,644
SMALL AMOUNT OF SAMPLE.

6424
03:37:37,711 --> 03:37:38,712
AND WHY WAS THAT?

6425
03:37:38,779 --> 03:37:41,615
BECAUSE WE WANTED TO BE ABLE TO

6426
03:37:41,681 --> 03:37:42,649
ENGAGE WITH BIOBANKS BECAUSE WE

6427
03:37:42,716 --> 03:37:47,954
NEED SAMPLES AS WELL TO PROGRESS

6428
03:37:48,021 --> 03:37:48,355
OUR WORK.

6429
03:37:48,422 --> 03:37:50,323
SO WE FORCE OURSELVES TO ALWAYS

6430
03:37:50,390 --> 03:37:50,991
SAY WE WILL MEASURE EVERYTHING

6431
03:37:51,057 --> 03:37:54,060
WE WANT TO MEASURE IN 40 MICRO

6432
03:37:54,127 --> 03:37:56,863
LITERS OF SERUM OR 80 -- OF

6433
03:37:56,930 --> 03:37:59,332
PLASMA.

6434
03:37:59,399 --> 03:38:01,401
THEN IT ALLOWS US TO ENGAGE WITH

6435
03:38:01,468 --> 03:38:03,470
BIOBANKS AND SAY WE NEED ONLY A

6436
03:38:03,537 --> 03:38:05,138
SMALL AMOUNT OF YOUR PRESSURES

6437
03:38:05,205 --> 03:38:09,276
AND FINITE RESEARCH SOURCE TO DO

6438
03:38:09,342 --> 03:38:10,710
OUR WORK.

6439
03:38:10,777 --> 03:38:15,215
SO WHAT TYPICALLY HAPPENS IS WE

6440
03:38:15,282 --> 03:38:18,518
GET 50 TO 500 MICRO LITERS OF A

6441
03:38:18,585 --> 03:38:21,688
SAMPLE, AND WHAT WE THEN DO WHEN

6442
03:38:21,755 --> 03:38:26,726
WE ACCEPT THE SAMPLE IS WE

6443
03:38:26,793 --> 03:38:29,463
IMPLEMENT ONE FREEZE-THAW CYCLE

6444
03:38:29,529 --> 03:38:31,865
WHERE WE MANUALLY TRANSFER THE

6445
03:38:31,932 --> 03:38:34,267
SAMPLES TO ANOTHER SET OF FILES,

6446
03:38:34,334 --> 03:38:39,005
WHICH ARE INDIVIDUAL SMALL

6447
03:38:39,072 --> 03:38:44,878
VIALS, ALL INDIVIDUALLY BARCO

6448
03:38:44,945 --> 03:38:50,383
BARCODED, AND WE USE THAT

6449
03:38:50,450 --> 03:38:52,052
SAME MASTER PLATE TO MAKE A LOT

6450
03:38:52,118 --> 03:38:54,387
OF CLONES FOR THE MICRO LITER.

6451
03:38:54,454 --> 03:38:57,591
OURS IS ACTUALLY TO GO BACK TO

6452
03:38:57,657 --> 03:39:00,293
THIS RESOURCE WHEN WE NEED TO,

6453
03:39:00,360 --> 03:39:02,929
TO USE SAMPLES FOR REPLICATES IF

6454
03:39:02,996 --> 03:39:06,266
SOMETHING GOES WRONG IN THE

6455
03:39:06,333 --> 03:39:11,071
NEXT -- WE CAN GO BACK TO IT.

6456
03:39:11,137 --> 03:39:13,273
SO WE RESPOND MORE SAMPLES SO

6457
03:39:13,340 --> 03:39:14,808
THAT WE ARE ABLE TO USE THE

6458
03:39:14,875 --> 03:39:19,112
RESOURCE MAXIMALLY.

6459
03:39:19,179 --> 03:39:20,814
THE NICE THING ABOUT THESE

6460
03:39:20,881 --> 03:39:23,149
SAMPLE TYPES OR SAMPLE VIALS IS

6461
03:39:23,216 --> 03:39:25,051
YOU SEE THEY ALL ARE INDIVIDUAL.

6462
03:39:25,118 --> 03:39:26,786
SO IF YOU WANT TO APPLY STUDY

6463
03:39:26,853 --> 03:39:28,088
DESIGN, SO YOU WANT TO RANDOMIZE

6464
03:39:28,154 --> 03:39:32,359
THE SAMPLES, YOU CAN DO THAT IN

6465
03:39:32,425 --> 03:39:32,659
PLATE.

6466
03:39:32,726 --> 03:39:38,265
YOU CAN PICK YOUR SAMPLES AND

6467
03:39:38,331 --> 03:39:40,166
YOU ORGANIZE THEM IN PLATES.

6468
03:39:40,233 --> 03:39:40,934
AND THE NICE THING IS BECAUSE

6469
03:39:41,001 --> 03:39:43,203
THEY ARE ALL INDIVIDUALLY

6470
03:39:43,270 --> 03:39:48,775
BARCODED AND QR TOTAL, WE HAVE

6471
03:39:48,842 --> 03:39:51,111
THESE FLOOD BITS DUE TO

6472
03:39:51,177 --> 03:39:54,281
FACILITATE THAT.

6473
03:39:54,347 --> 03:39:56,550
AND MAYBE SAMPLE STORAGE HAS

6474
03:39:56,616 --> 03:39:58,418
BEEN DISCUSSED OFTEN HERE AS

6475
03:39:58,485 --> 03:40:02,522
BEING EXPENSIVE ON THE TAKING.

6476
03:40:02,589 --> 03:40:11,698
THESE FI.THESE VIALS ARE VERY EE

6477
03:40:11,765 --> 03:40:13,233
IN TERMS OF STORAGE SPACE.

6478
03:40:13,300 --> 03:40:15,435
YOU CAN FIT 24,000 VIALS IN ONE

6479
03:40:15,502 --> 03:40:25,645
FREEZER.

6480
03:40:26,046 --> 03:40:30,083
SO WE BUILT TOOLS.

6481
03:40:30,150 --> 03:40:37,123
WE HAVE METABOLIZED -- ADD US

6482
03:40:37,190 --> 03:40:38,959
USING -- OF COLLABORATIONS AND

6483
03:40:39,025 --> 03:40:42,896
ALSO THIS APPEAL WITH LOTS OF

6484
03:40:42,963 --> 03:40:45,332
DATA FOR SMALL VOLUME SAMPLE.

6485
03:40:45,398 --> 03:40:47,067
WE WERE ABLE TO ESTABLISH

6486
03:40:47,133 --> 03:40:48,034
COLLABORATION WITH BIOBANKS SO

6487
03:40:48,101 --> 03:40:49,769
WE HAVE EVERYTHING IN PLACE TO

6488
03:40:49,836 --> 03:40:50,370
ACTUALLY START DELIVERING ON

6489
03:40:50,437 --> 03:40:52,172
THIS.

6490
03:40:52,238 --> 03:40:56,309
AND EXECUTING ON OUR PLAN AND

6491
03:40:56,376 --> 03:41:03,083
OUR HYPOTHESIS.

6492
03:41:03,149 --> 03:41:06,152
SO AS ONE OF OUR EFFORTS WITH

6493
03:41:06,219 --> 03:41:09,222
THE FETAL MEDICINE FOUNDATION IN

6494
03:41:09,289 --> 03:41:11,091
LONDON, UK, WE RECEIVED 2,000

6495
03:41:11,157 --> 03:41:15,929
SAMPLES FROM 2,000 SINGLETON

6496
03:41:15,996 --> 03:41:17,564
PREGNANCIES TAKEN IN THE

6497
03:41:17,631 --> 03:41:20,834
FIRST -- AFTER FIRST PRENATAL

6498
03:41:20,900 --> 03:41:25,538
VISIT, LAST PAR, AS PART OF ROU,

6499
03:41:25,605 --> 03:41:26,973
WHERE THEY WILL ASSIST IN TERMS

6500
03:41:27,040 --> 03:41:30,110
OF BLOOD PRESSURES, DOPPLER,

6501
03:41:30,176 --> 03:41:32,912
WHICH IS RELEVANT TO

6502
03:41:32,979 --> 03:41:34,547
PREECLAMPSIA, CLINICAL AND

6503
03:41:34,614 --> 03:41:35,315
INFORMATION THAT WAS COLLECTED

6504
03:41:35,382 --> 03:41:37,017
AS WELL, SO ALL THAT INFORMATION

6505
03:41:37,083 --> 03:41:38,551
WAS THERE.

6506
03:41:38,618 --> 03:41:40,920
AND THE BLOTS WERE TAKEN FOR

6507
03:41:40,987 --> 03:41:43,089
BIOBANKING.

6508
03:41:43,156 --> 03:41:45,492
WE GOT SOME OF THE BLOTS TO DO

6509
03:41:45,558 --> 03:41:46,860
ANALYSIS AND WE ANALYZED THESE

6510
03:41:46,926 --> 03:41:53,400
BLOT SAMPLES WITH 50 METABOL

6511
03:41:53,466 --> 03:41:55,502
METABOLITES, TO ASSOCIATE WITH

6512
03:41:55,568 --> 03:41:56,503
PREECLAMPSIA RISK OR ANOTHER

6513
03:41:56,569 --> 03:41:58,138
COMPLICATION OF PREGNANCY.

6514
03:41:58,204 --> 03:42:01,775
ON TOP OF THAT, WE GOT

6515
03:42:01,841 --> 03:42:04,644
INFORMATION ON PROTEIN

6516
03:42:04,711 --> 03:42:09,883
BIOMARKERS PLUS -- SO WE -- 1635

6517
03:42:09,949 --> 03:42:15,055
UNCOMPLICATED PREGNANCIES, AND

6518
03:42:15,121 --> 03:42:20,060
866 COMPLICATED ONES OF WHOM 106

6519
03:42:20,126 --> 03:42:21,194
PRETERM PREECLAMPSIA, MEANS WE

6520
03:42:21,261 --> 03:42:25,365
HAVE DATA ON GDM SO ALSO -- NEXT

6521
03:42:25,432 --> 03:42:27,233
SLIDE.

6522
03:42:27,300 --> 03:42:30,937
USING THIS DATASET WE DESCRIBED

6523
03:42:31,004 --> 03:42:33,640
COMPREHENSIVE, FIRST ABLE TO

6524
03:42:33,707 --> 03:42:35,875
DEMONSTRATE THAT INDEED, CERTAIN

6525
03:42:35,942 --> 03:42:40,680
MMETABOLITES DO FIT OR DO ALIGN

6526
03:42:40,747 --> 03:42:43,349
WITH PHENOTYPE AS DEFINED BY

6527
03:42:43,416 --> 03:42:45,452
SIMPLE CHARACTERISTICS LIKE BMI.

6528
03:42:45,518 --> 03:42:47,620
THERE ARE CERTAIN METABOLITES

6529
03:42:47,687 --> 03:42:50,824
AND METABOLITE RATIOS WHICH ONLY

6530
03:42:50,890 --> 03:42:56,262
ACT AS A PREDICTOR OR BIOMARKER,

6531
03:42:56,329 --> 03:42:58,698
PREDICTOR FOR PREECLAMPSIA IN

6532
03:42:58,765 --> 03:43:01,167
LEAN WOMEN AND OTHERS -- IN

6533
03:43:01,234 --> 03:43:02,435
OBESE WOMEN, SO THIS CONCEPT

6534
03:43:02,502 --> 03:43:05,238
THAT INDEED THERE MIGHT BE

6535
03:43:05,305 --> 03:43:08,007
MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT

6536
03:43:08,074 --> 03:43:11,311
ALIGN WITH ON THE HIGH RISK

6537
03:43:11,377 --> 03:43:12,512
PROFILE IS PROVEN THERE.

6538
03:43:12,579 --> 03:43:13,947
THEN WE TOOK THAT HOME TO

6539
03:43:14,013 --> 03:43:19,085
ACTUALLY SAY OKAY, CAN WE USE

6540
03:43:19,152 --> 03:43:23,223
THESE BIOMARKERS AND ALSO HAVE

6541
03:43:23,289 --> 03:43:25,759
UTILITY TO BETTER CLASSIFY,

6542
03:43:25,825 --> 03:43:26,626
BETTER PREDICTION MODELS.

6543
03:43:26,693 --> 03:43:27,961
AND IT WAS THE NEXT PAPER WHICH

6544
03:43:28,027 --> 03:43:33,733
WE PUBLISHED LAST YEAR.

6545
03:43:33,800 --> 03:43:36,536
SO I'LL SPEAK ABOUT THAT JUST

6546
03:43:36,603 --> 03:43:40,140
NOW.

6547
03:43:40,206 --> 03:43:44,277
SO -- IN A WAY THAT WE SAY OKAY,

6548
03:43:44,344 --> 03:43:47,046
WHIWE ASSUME THAT THERE IS

6549
03:43:47,113 --> 03:43:50,450
DIFFERENT RISK PROFILES MAYBE

6550
03:43:50,517 --> 03:43:54,821
THAT ASSOCIATE WITH CERTAIN

6551
03:43:54,888 --> 03:43:57,991
OR -- CERTAIN -- SO WE -- IN

6552
03:43:58,057 --> 03:44:02,862
TERMS OF THIS CASE, BMI, AND FOR

6553
03:44:02,929 --> 03:44:06,432
EACH OF THESE SUBGROUPS, WE

6554
03:44:06,499 --> 03:44:07,433
CREATE A LOT USING MACHINE

6555
03:44:07,500 --> 03:44:09,102
LEARNING AND A LOT OF VERY

6556
03:44:09,169 --> 03:44:13,173
SIMPLE CLASSIFIERS.

6557
03:44:13,239 --> 03:44:14,440
TYPICALLY THE CLASSIFIER ONLY

6558
03:44:14,507 --> 03:44:16,776
HAS TWO TO FOUR PREDICTORS IN

6559
03:44:16,843 --> 03:44:20,046
THEIR -- OR VARIABLES IN

6560
03:44:20,113 --> 03:44:21,681
THEIR -- THEN IF WE MAKE THIS

6561
03:44:21,748 --> 03:44:23,016
COLLECTION OF ALL OF THESE

6562
03:44:23,082 --> 03:44:24,083
CLASSIFIERS, WE WILL ACTUALLY

6563
03:44:24,150 --> 03:44:29,489
SELECT THE TOP CLASSIFIERS FOR

6564
03:44:29,556 --> 03:44:37,030
PHENOTYPE, USING -- INTO AN

6565
03:44:37,096 --> 03:44:37,997
AVERAGE MODEL.

6566
03:44:38,064 --> 03:44:39,332
FOR EVERY WOMAN, FINDING THE

6567
03:44:39,399 --> 03:44:40,767
RISK IS ACTUALLY -- THE RISK

6568
03:44:40,834 --> 03:44:42,969
SCORE IS DEFINED BY TAKING THE

6569
03:44:43,036 --> 03:44:46,606
AVERAGE OF ALL THE CLASSIFIERS,

6570
03:44:46,673 --> 03:44:49,676
WHICH WILL -- FOR THAT WOMAN.

6571
03:44:49,742 --> 03:44:54,147
FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU KNOW THAT

6572
03:44:54,214 --> 03:44:58,218
YOU'RE WHITE AND YOU'RE OBESE,

6573
03:44:58,284 --> 03:44:59,853
YOU WILL TAKE OUT THE MODELS

6574
03:44:59,919 --> 03:45:04,624
THAT ARE RELEVANT FOR WHITE AS

6575
03:45:04,691 --> 03:45:07,327
WELL AS OBESE -- FOR SOME

6576
03:45:07,393 --> 03:45:08,795
ETHNICITIES, WE DIDN'T HAVE

6577
03:45:08,862 --> 03:45:12,465
ENOUGH CASES SO PEEL FALL BACK

6578
03:45:12,532 --> 03:45:21,140
TO BMI CLASSIFICATION ONLY.

6579
03:45:21,207 --> 03:45:23,443
COMPARING IT WITH THE BEST

6580
03:45:23,509 --> 03:45:26,512
AVAILABLE AT THIS TIME IN TERMS

6581
03:45:26,579 --> 03:45:32,318
OF BIOMARKERS, SO -- ARTERIAL

6582
03:45:32,385 --> 03:45:33,419
PRESSURE AS A COMPARATOR, AND

6583
03:45:33,486 --> 03:45:36,723
THEN WE LOOKED -- IF WE ADME TAB

6584
03:45:36,789 --> 03:45:38,591
LIGHTS AS PART OF OUR SELECTION

6585
03:45:38,658 --> 03:45:42,762
OF METABOLITES -- WILL THEY

6586
03:45:42,829 --> 03:45:49,135
IMPROVE THE DETECTION FOR

6587
03:45:49,202 --> 03:45:50,203
PRETERM PREECLAMPSIA AND 10%

6588
03:45:50,270 --> 03:45:51,671
FALSE POSITIVE RATE EARLY IN

6589
03:45:51,738 --> 03:45:54,040
PREGNANCY.

6590
03:45:54,107 --> 03:45:55,375
OVER THIS COMPARATOR.

6591
03:45:55,441 --> 03:45:59,646
AND YOU CAN SEE THAT WE DO

6592
03:45:59,712 --> 03:46:01,648
IMPROVE THE DETECTION RATE WHEN

6593
03:46:01,714 --> 03:46:06,786
USING METABOLITES CONSISTENTLY,

6594
03:46:06,853 --> 03:46:07,320
EXCEPT IN THE OVERWEIGHT.

6595
03:46:07,387 --> 03:46:08,321
AND THIS MIGHT BE DUAL TO THE

6596
03:46:08,388 --> 03:46:12,725
FACT THAT ACTUALLY WE USE A VERY

6597
03:46:12,792 --> 03:46:15,929
CRUDE PHENOTYPING, BMI

6598
03:46:15,995 --> 03:46:18,765
CLASSIFICATION, AS A WAY TO --

6599
03:46:18,831 --> 03:46:20,733
ENRICH TO MAYBE AN UNDERLYING

6600
03:46:20,800 --> 03:46:27,073
PROFILE.

6601
03:46:27,140 --> 03:46:29,609
-- YOU HAVE OVERWEIGHT -- A

6602
03:46:29,676 --> 03:46:31,577
LEAN PROFILE, OBESE PROFILE

6603
03:46:31,644 --> 03:46:33,913
COMING TOGETHER AND THE SYSTEM

6604
03:46:33,980 --> 03:46:34,180
COLLAPSES.

6605
03:46:34,247 --> 03:46:38,351
BUT YOU CAN SEE THAT ACTUALLY IN

6606
03:46:38,418 --> 03:46:41,254
IS A WAY TO REALLY PERSONALIZE

6607
03:46:41,321 --> 03:46:43,022
RISK PREDICTION BY ADDING OR

6608
03:46:43,089 --> 03:46:46,559
MATCHING THE RIGHT METABOLITES

6609
03:46:46,626 --> 03:46:50,697
TO RIGHT AND MATERNAL PHENOTYPE.

6610
03:46:50,763 --> 03:46:52,365
SO NOW I'M GOING TO QUICKLY TAKE

6611
03:46:52,432 --> 03:46:57,236
A DETOUR ON WHAT ELSE -- HOW WE

6612
03:46:57,303 --> 03:47:00,707
CAN USE THIS GOING FORWARD.

6613
03:47:00,773 --> 03:47:02,508
SO IN THE U.S., THE CURRENT

6614
03:47:02,575 --> 03:47:06,546
PRACTICE FOR PREECLAMPSIA IS

6615
03:47:06,612 --> 03:47:10,817
JUST LIKE IN THE -- A CHECKLIST,

6616
03:47:10,883 --> 03:47:12,352
RISK FACTORS, AND IT WILL TELL

6617
03:47:12,418 --> 03:47:15,321
YOU IF YOU HAVE MORE THAN ONE OR

6618
03:47:15,388 --> 03:47:19,025
MO HIGH RISK FACTORS, THE

6619
03:47:19,092 --> 03:47:20,593
CLINICIAN IS RECOMMENDED TO GIVE

6620
03:47:20,660 --> 03:47:22,362
ASPIRIN.

6621
03:47:22,428 --> 03:47:24,664
THE SAME IS TRUE IF YOU HAVE

6622
03:47:24,731 --> 03:47:27,166
MORE THAN TWO -- TWO OR MORE

6623
03:47:27,233 --> 03:47:31,471
MOTHERS' RISK FACTORS.

6624
03:47:31,537 --> 03:47:35,041
THEN THERE IS ALSO THE OTHER END

6625
03:47:35,108 --> 03:47:37,276
OF THE GUIDANCE, IF YOU HAVE A

6626
03:47:37,343 --> 03:47:40,246
SINGLE RISK FACTOR, MAYBE YOU

6627
03:47:40,313 --> 03:47:42,015
SHOULD CONSIDER ADVISING TO GIVE

6628
03:47:42,081 --> 03:47:45,852
ASPIRIN.

6629
03:47:45,918 --> 03:47:48,254
SO IF WE WOULD LOOK LIKE A FEW

6630
03:47:48,321 --> 03:47:50,123
YEARS AGO, WHEELER ET AL.

6631
03:47:50,189 --> 03:47:53,726
ACTUALLY DID A VERY NICE

6632
03:47:53,793 --> 03:47:56,195
EXERCISE IN THE EXPOSURE TO ALL

6633
03:47:56,262 --> 03:47:57,697
THE RISK FACTORS IN THE U.S.

6634
03:47:57,764 --> 03:48:00,967
PREGNANCY POPULATION, 2019, SO

6635
03:48:01,034 --> 03:48:04,837
THEY HAVE VERY GOOD ESTIMATES,

6636
03:48:04,904 --> 03:48:09,008
WHAT THEY FOUND WAS IN ALL THE

6637
03:48:09,075 --> 03:48:10,443
PREGNANCIES, ALL THE WOMEN THAT

6638
03:48:10,510 --> 03:48:12,512
WOULD HAVE MORE THAN ONE HIGH

6639
03:48:12,578 --> 03:48:14,180
RISK FACTOR, IF YOU WOULD LOOK

6640
03:48:14,247 --> 03:48:15,815
AT THIS GROUP AS A

6641
03:48:15,882 --> 03:48:17,350
CLASSIFICATION, YOU WOULD HAVE A

6642
03:48:17,417 --> 03:48:20,686
SCREEN POSITIVE RATE OF 4.6%, SO

6643
03:48:20,753 --> 03:48:23,056
WOULD YOU IDENTIFY LESS THAN 5%

6644
03:48:23,122 --> 03:48:26,025
OF WOMEN AS BEING AT RISK TO

6645
03:48:26,092 --> 03:48:27,427
GIVE THEM ASPIRIN AND THIS IS

6646
03:48:27,493 --> 03:48:28,828
NOT CONTESTED.

6647
03:48:28,895 --> 03:48:30,430
HOWEVER, READING THAT GROUP, YOU

6648
03:48:30,496 --> 03:48:33,866
WOULD ONLY DETECT ABOUT 8.4% OF

6649
03:48:33,933 --> 03:48:36,602
THE WOMEN WOULD GET PREECLAMPSIA

6650
03:48:36,669 --> 03:48:37,804
OR GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION, IN

6651
03:48:37,870 --> 03:48:39,972
THIS CASE.

6652
03:48:40,039 --> 03:48:42,341
ON THE OTHER SIDE, IF YOU WOULD

6653
03:48:42,408 --> 03:48:47,380
SAY -- IF YOU APPLY THE USPTF OR

6654
03:48:47,447 --> 03:48:48,815
ACOG GUIDELINES IN THE BROADER

6655
03:48:48,881 --> 03:48:50,616
SENSE, AND YOU WOULD SAY OKAY,

6656
03:48:50,683 --> 03:48:57,156
WE ONLY NEED ONE MORE HIGH RISK

6657
03:48:57,223 --> 03:48:58,591
FACTOR, YOU ARE VERY EFFECTIVE

6658
03:48:58,658 --> 03:49:02,829
IN FINDING WOMEN AT RISK, YOU

6659
03:49:02,895 --> 03:49:04,230
WOULD DETECT ABOUT 93% OF ALL

6660
03:49:04,297 --> 03:49:05,164
THE WOMEN.

6661
03:49:05,231 --> 03:49:08,935
HOWEVER, YOU'RE VURTLY SAYING VG

6662
03:49:09,001 --> 03:49:10,336
TO ALL WOMEN YOU'RE AT RISK, SO

6663
03:49:10,403 --> 03:49:14,440
THE SCREEN POSITIVE RATE IS 86%.

6664
03:49:14,507 --> 03:49:18,377
THE LATTER WOULD BE AGAINST ALL

6665
03:49:18,444 --> 03:49:26,152
GOOD SENSE, THE ADDED VALUE OF

6666
03:49:26,219 --> 03:49:27,353
SCREENING -- YOU WANT TO FIND

6667
03:49:27,420 --> 03:49:33,593
WOMEN AT RISK TO -- AND TO MAKE

6668
03:49:33,659 --> 03:49:34,694
SURE THERE WAS GOOD COMPLIANCE

6669
03:49:34,760 --> 03:49:37,263
WITH ASPIRIN.

6670
03:49:37,330 --> 03:49:38,598
JUST FOR THE SAKE OF THE

6671
03:49:38,664 --> 03:49:41,634
ARGUMENT, I WOULD LIKE YOU TO

6672
03:49:41,701 --> 03:49:48,074
REMEMBER THE -- OF 15%, IN THE

6673
03:49:48,141 --> 03:49:49,709
HIGH RISK GROUP AS DEFINED WITH

6674
03:49:49,775 --> 03:49:54,814
HAVING MORE THAN ONE HIGH RISK

6675
03:49:54,881 --> 03:49:57,483
FACTOR, YOU HAVE 15% RISK TO GET

6676
03:49:57,550 --> 03:50:00,853
PRE-ECLAMPSIA SO FOR EVERY 100

6677
03:50:00,920 --> 03:50:02,188
WOMEN THAT TEST POSITIVE FOR

6678
03:50:02,255 --> 03:50:05,391
THAT CRITERION, 15 OF THEM WILL

6679
03:50:05,458 --> 03:50:06,392
GET PREECLAMPSIA, YES?

6680
03:50:06,459 --> 03:50:09,428
THAT SEEMS TO BE WELL ACCEPTED

6681
03:50:09,495 --> 03:50:14,300
AS A NOURI -- GROUP TO GIVE WOMN

6682
03:50:14,367 --> 03:50:15,735
ASPIRIN.

6683
03:50:15,801 --> 03:50:24,143
SO PPV IS THAT NUMBER.

6684
03:50:24,210 --> 03:50:26,479
AS I SAID EARLIER, WE ASSESSED

6685
03:50:26,546 --> 03:50:28,981
THE IMPROVEMENT OUR METABOLITES

6686
03:50:29,048 --> 03:50:31,284
COULD GIVE OVER SAY THE BEST

6687
03:50:31,350 --> 03:50:33,619
AVAILABLE BIOMARKERS AT THIS

6688
03:50:33,686 --> 03:50:36,255
STAGE, AT DETECTION RATE FOR 10%

6689
03:50:36,322 --> 03:50:38,658
FALSE POSITIVE RATE WHICH IS A

6690
03:50:38,724 --> 03:50:41,194
TYPICAL CRITERIA WE SEE IN

6691
03:50:41,260 --> 03:50:44,463
PREECLAMPSIA SCREENING RESEARCH.

6692
03:50:44,530 --> 03:50:47,800
BUT THIS IS NOT REALLY GOOD

6693
03:50:47,867 --> 03:50:48,434
CRITERIA IN TERMS OF CLINICAL

6694
03:50:48,501 --> 03:50:49,569
UTILITY.

6695
03:50:49,635 --> 03:50:50,670
CLINICAL UTILITY IS BETTER

6696
03:50:50,736 --> 03:50:52,305
EXPRESSED IN POSITIVE PREDICTIVE

6697
03:50:52,371 --> 03:50:55,208
VALUES FOR EXAMPLE.

6698
03:50:55,274 --> 03:51:00,446
BUT POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUES

6699
03:51:00,513 --> 03:51:01,547
NEED YOU TO KNOW WHEN YOU WANT

6700
03:51:01,614 --> 03:51:07,820
TO KALG LAWT THEM, YOU NEED TO O

6701
03:51:07,887 --> 03:51:10,323
KNOW THE PRIOR RISK OR

6702
03:51:10,389 --> 03:51:13,292
PREVALENCE OF DISEASE BEFORE,

6703
03:51:13,359 --> 03:51:14,594
PRE-TEST, BEFORE YOU CAN

6704
03:51:14,660 --> 03:51:16,162
ACTUALLY PREDICT THIS IS MY

6705
03:51:16,229 --> 03:51:17,363
POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF THE

6706
03:51:17,430 --> 03:51:17,830
TEST.

6707
03:51:17,897 --> 03:51:21,334
SO THAT'S A CONUNDRUM THAT TOOK

6708
03:51:21,400 --> 03:51:23,469
US A WHILE BUT MANY YEARS AGO,

6709
03:51:23,536 --> 03:51:25,271
WE ADDRESSED THIS, THAT WE CAN

6710
03:51:25,338 --> 03:51:26,405
ACTUALLY -- IF YOU KNOW THE

6711
03:51:26,472 --> 03:51:29,075
PREVALENCE OF DISEASE, YOU CAN

6712
03:51:29,141 --> 03:51:30,376
PLOT IN THE -- SPACE WHICH WE

6713
03:51:30,443 --> 03:51:34,080
USE TO ASSESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST

6714
03:51:34,146 --> 03:51:35,748
POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE

6715
03:51:35,815 --> 03:51:36,082
CRITERIA.

6716
03:51:36,148 --> 03:51:40,019
SO YOU CAN PLOT POSITIVE -- IF

6717
03:51:40,086 --> 03:51:42,221
WE PLOT POSITIVE PREDICTIVE

6718
03:51:42,288 --> 03:51:44,423
VALUE LINES AS WELL AS NEGATIVE

6719
03:51:44,490 --> 03:51:45,324
PREDICTIVE VALUE LINES AND YOU

6720
03:51:45,391 --> 03:51:48,261
WILL SEE US GIVING IN THE

6721
03:51:48,327 --> 03:51:50,029
EXAMPLE BELOW, IF YOU SAY I WANT

6722
03:51:50,096 --> 03:51:52,231
TO ENRICH THE POSITIVE

6723
03:51:52,298 --> 03:51:55,167
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF 13% IN THIS

6724
03:51:55,234 --> 03:52:04,910
CASE, THERE IS A SET OF

6725
03:52:04,977 --> 03:52:06,612
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF

6726
03:52:06,679 --> 03:52:09,015
DATA WHICH WILL GIVE YOU THE

6727
03:52:09,081 --> 03:52:10,650
LINE, THE SLOPE OF THIS LINE

6728
03:52:10,716 --> 03:52:11,951
CHANGES DEPENDING ON THE

6729
03:52:12,018 --> 03:52:13,119
PREVALENCE OF THE DISEASE

6730
03:52:13,185 --> 03:52:15,955
BEFORE, SO THAT'S THE P IN THE

6731
03:52:16,022 --> 03:52:16,722
LITTLE TABLES.

6732
03:52:16,789 --> 03:52:22,528
SO FOR 3% OF PREVALENCE DISEASE

6733
03:52:22,595 --> 03:52:24,830
PRE-TEST, TO MEET POSITIVE

6734
03:52:24,897 --> 03:52:26,932
PREDICTIVE VALUE CRITERION, YOU

6735
03:52:26,999 --> 03:52:30,336
NEED TO CROSS THAT LINE.

6736
03:52:30,403 --> 03:52:32,872
THE VERTICAL LINE.

6737
03:52:32,938 --> 03:52:34,740
YOU SEE THE SLOPE CHANGING WITH

6738
03:52:34,807 --> 03:52:38,577
PREVALENCE OF DISEASE CHANGING

6739
03:52:38,644 --> 03:52:39,312
BEFORE TEST.

6740
03:52:39,378 --> 03:52:41,480
IT'S EASY TO -- FROM THE STANCE

6741
03:52:41,547 --> 03:52:43,416
OF IF YOU HAVE LOW PREVALENT

6742
03:52:43,482 --> 03:52:47,019
DISEASE, IT'S MORE EFFORT TO

6743
03:52:47,086 --> 03:52:52,325
ENRICH THEM TO A CERTAIN

6744
03:52:52,391 --> 03:52:52,758
RISK --.

6745
03:52:52,825 --> 03:52:54,727
SO IF YOU BRING THIS BACK TO

6746
03:52:54,794 --> 03:52:57,330
THIS DATA FROM WELLER, AND WE

6747
03:52:57,396 --> 03:53:01,100
ALL AGREE, HAVING A RISK GROUP

6748
03:53:01,167 --> 03:53:05,471
WITH 15% RISK IS GOOD ENOUGH TO

6749
03:53:05,538 --> 03:53:07,540
SATISFY WOMEN TO ASPIRIN,

6750
03:53:07,606 --> 03:53:09,175
IMAGINE HOW YOU HAVE A TEST

6751
03:53:09,241 --> 03:53:11,944
AVAILABLE TO YOU TO PREECLAMPSIA

6752
03:53:12,011 --> 03:53:15,348
RISK EARLY IN PREGNANCY, YOU

6753
03:53:15,414 --> 03:53:21,587
COULD NOW DEFINE DELIVERY FOR

6754
03:53:21,654 --> 03:53:22,822
WOMEN WHICH HAVE A DIFFERENT

6755
03:53:22,888 --> 03:53:24,290
RISK PROFILE AT THE BEGINNING OF

6756
03:53:24,357 --> 03:53:27,526
THE PREGNANCY, TESTS WHICH GIVE

6757
03:53:27,593 --> 03:53:30,162
YOU THE SAME FALSE TEST

6758
03:53:30,229 --> 03:53:31,163
PROBABILITY OF 15%.

6759
03:53:31,230 --> 03:53:34,333
SO ON THE LEFT, YOU SEE ALL THE

6760
03:53:34,400 --> 03:53:37,770
PREGNANCIES IN 2019, THERE WILL

6761
03:53:37,837 --> 03:53:40,272
BE MORE THAN HALF A MILLION WILL

6762
03:53:40,339 --> 03:53:44,377
HAVE NO RISK FACTORS, AND THE

6763
03:53:44,443 --> 03:53:45,811
PREVALENCE OF GESTATIONAL

6764
03:53:45,878 --> 03:53:47,646
HYPERTENSION IN THAT GROUP, THAT

6765
03:53:47,713 --> 03:53:49,315
WOULD BE 4.4%.

6766
03:53:49,382 --> 03:53:52,151
IF YOU WANT TO ENRICH THEM TO

6767
03:53:52,218 --> 03:53:56,355
HIGH RISK GROUP OF 15%, WHICH

6768
03:53:56,422 --> 03:53:57,656
ARE ALL HAPPY TO GIVE THEM

6769
03:53:57,723 --> 03:54:01,293
ASPIRIN, THEN THAT MEANS THAT'S

6770
03:54:01,360 --> 03:54:04,830
YOUR ROCK CURVE WOULD MEET THAT

6771
03:54:04,897 --> 03:54:08,534
LINE HERE AT THE PPV LINE, SAY

6772
03:54:08,601 --> 03:54:13,072
ABOUT SENSITIVITY, 70% IS

6773
03:54:13,139 --> 03:54:16,041
SPECIFICITY, 84%, YES, SO BY

6774
03:54:16,108 --> 03:54:18,110
THRESHOLDING YOUR RISK SCORE AT

6775
03:54:18,177 --> 03:54:20,346
THAT POINT, YOU CREATE A RISK

6776
03:54:20,413 --> 03:54:21,881
GROUP WITH THE SAME RISK AS YOU

6777
03:54:21,947 --> 03:54:26,485
WOULD HAVE IN A HIGH RISK

6778
03:54:26,552 --> 03:54:28,587
POPULATION.

6779
03:54:28,654 --> 03:54:30,556
YOU SEE THE SAME IF YOU HAVE

6780
03:54:30,623 --> 03:54:34,927
WOMEN WITH ONE -- MORE RISK

6781
03:54:34,994 --> 03:54:35,928
FACTOR, THE PREVALENCE OF

6782
03:54:35,995 --> 03:54:39,465
DISEASE IS 6.3%.

6783
03:54:39,532 --> 03:54:40,866
IF YOU WANT TO ENRICH IN THAT

6784
03:54:40,933 --> 03:54:42,601
GROUP YOU SEE IT IS AN EASIER

6785
03:54:42,668 --> 03:54:44,804
CRITERION TO MEET IN TERMS OF

6786
03:54:44,870 --> 03:54:46,305
SPECIFICITY, WE DON'T NEED SO

6787
03:54:46,372 --> 03:54:53,179
MUCH SPECIFICITY AND BY HAVING

6788
03:54:53,245 --> 03:54:54,914
THIS TOOL AVAILABLE AND GOING

6789
03:54:54,980 --> 03:54:58,184
THROUGH ESTIMATES OF PRIOR RISK

6790
03:54:58,250 --> 03:55:01,153
OF -- FOR TESTS YOU REALLY CAN

6791
03:55:01,220 --> 03:55:03,823
ENRICH WOMEN TO THE SAME LEVEL

6792
03:55:03,889 --> 03:55:09,395
OF RISK.

6793
03:55:09,462 --> 03:55:10,729
THAT'S WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO

6794
03:55:10,796 --> 03:55:11,564
BUILD NOW.

6795
03:55:11,630 --> 03:55:13,566
SO IF WE CAN GET ACCESS TO VERY

6796
03:55:13,632 --> 03:55:20,172
ROW BUTTS ESTIMATES OF RISK OF

6797
03:55:20,239 --> 03:55:25,244
PREECLAMPSIA IN TERMS OF PARITY,

6798
03:55:25,311 --> 03:55:27,580
SO -- WITH HISTORY OR NOT, AS

6799
03:55:27,646 --> 03:55:29,849
WELL AS IN FUNCTIONAL

6800
03:55:29,915 --> 03:55:31,183
RACE/ETHNICITY AND BMI, YOU CAN

6801
03:55:31,250 --> 03:55:34,253
ACTUAL WILL HAVE FOR ALL THESE

6802
03:55:34,320 --> 03:55:36,689
WOMEN, SAY PHENOTYPE-SPECIFIC

6803
03:55:36,755 --> 03:55:40,292
PRIOR RISKS, COMBINED WITH A SET

6804
03:55:40,359 --> 03:55:42,194
OF BIOMARKERS AND ALGORITHMS

6805
03:55:42,261 --> 03:55:44,396
WHICH ALLOWS YOU ACTUALLY TO FIT

6806
03:55:44,463 --> 03:55:46,365
NEXT TO YOUR PHENOTYPE, YOU CAN

6807
03:55:46,432 --> 03:55:48,601
IN A WAY PERSONALIZE THE RISK,

6808
03:55:48,667 --> 03:55:51,103
THEN YOU HAVE ALL THE TOOLS

6809
03:55:51,170 --> 03:55:55,674
AVAILABLE TO GIVE ALL WOMEN A

6810
03:55:55,741 --> 03:55:57,776
CREDIBLE RISK PREDICTION, SO YOU

6811
03:55:57,843 --> 03:56:02,081
CAN ALL ENRICH THEM TO THE SAME

6812
03:56:02,147 --> 03:56:04,049
RISK, POST-TEST RISK, AND THAT'S

6813
03:56:04,116 --> 03:56:06,252
WHAT WE ARE CURRENTLY WORKING

6814
03:56:06,318 --> 03:56:08,087
ON.

6815
03:56:08,153 --> 03:56:09,355
SO WE ARE CURRENTLY PUTTING THAT

6816
03:56:09,421 --> 03:56:12,858
TOGETHER SO WE'RE BUILDING THE

6817
03:56:12,925 --> 03:56:14,393
PROTOTYPE, LABORATORY WORKFLOW,

6818
03:56:14,460 --> 03:56:16,695
WHICH INVOLVES LIKE AN INTERFACE

6819
03:56:16,762 --> 03:56:18,631
TO COLLECT THE RIGHT INFORMATION

6820
03:56:18,697 --> 03:56:21,600
FROM THE WOMEN, BLOOD PRESSURE

6821
03:56:21,667 --> 03:56:22,868
DATA, PREGNANCY INFORMATION TO

6822
03:56:22,935 --> 03:56:24,870
BE ABLE TO PHENOTYPE.

6823
03:56:24,937 --> 03:56:29,108
WE ARE TO BUILD SAMPLES, WE MADE

6824
03:56:29,174 --> 03:56:34,146
CLINICAL ASSAY FOR METABOLITES

6825
03:56:34,213 --> 03:56:35,214
WHICH ARE RELATIVE TO THE RISK

6826
03:56:35,281 --> 03:56:37,483
PREDICTION.

6827
03:56:37,550 --> 03:56:41,687
THIS IS CLINICAL GRADE ASSAYS,

6828
03:56:41,754 --> 03:56:42,655
QUALITY CONTROL, THEY ARE

6829
03:56:42,721 --> 03:56:45,090
MANUFACTURABLE SO YOU CAN

6830
03:56:45,157 --> 03:56:50,129
PREDICT THEM, WITH REAGENTS YOU

6831
03:56:50,195 --> 03:56:53,132
CAN DELIVER THESE KIND OF

6832
03:56:53,198 --> 03:56:54,333
QUANTIFICATIONS.

6833
03:56:54,400 --> 03:56:55,668
PLACENTA GROWTH FACTOR, WE PUT

6834
03:56:55,734 --> 03:57:01,106
THAT TOGETHER IN A PERSONALIZED

6835
03:57:01,173 --> 03:57:06,211
RISK, -- AN WE SEE THESE AT THE

6836
03:57:06,278 --> 03:57:08,914
HIGHER LEVEL, SO EVERYBODY --

6837
03:57:08,981 --> 03:57:11,650
THERE IS THIS DRIVE, WE WANT TO

6838
03:57:11,717 --> 03:57:13,819
GET TO A.I. AND TRULY

6839
03:57:13,886 --> 03:57:17,089
PERSONALIZE PREDICTION, NO --

6840
03:57:17,156 --> 03:57:22,061
DOOG DIAGNOSTICS, BUT TO BE ABLO

6841
03:57:22,127 --> 03:57:23,896
DO THIS YOU NEED ACCESS TO LOTS

6842
03:57:23,963 --> 03:57:25,097
OF GOOD DATA.

6843
03:57:25,164 --> 03:57:26,899
YOU MIGHT ALREADY HAVE BIG

6844
03:57:26,966 --> 03:57:31,403
DATASETS, AND THE DATA -- BUT IN

6845
03:57:31,470 --> 03:57:34,974
TERMS OF BIOMARKERS, MOST

6846
03:57:35,040 --> 03:57:36,809
BIOMARKERS IS SPORADICALLY

6847
03:57:36,875 --> 03:57:41,981
MEASURED QUALITY OF THE DATA ARE

6848
03:57:42,047 --> 03:57:43,282
NOT PREDICTABLE OR TRANSPARENT

6849
03:57:43,349 --> 03:57:47,920
BECAUSE ESH U EVERYBODY USES THN

6850
03:57:47,987 --> 03:57:51,757
SYSTEMS, SO TO USE THIS KIND OF

6851
03:57:51,824 --> 03:57:54,426
DATASETS TO PATTERN RECOGNITION

6852
03:57:54,493 --> 03:57:56,295
IS PROBLEMATIC.

6853
03:57:56,362 --> 03:58:00,232
SO WHAT WE TRY TO DO HERE IS IF

6854
03:58:00,299 --> 03:58:03,469
WE ARE ABLE TO USE THE KIND OF

6855
03:58:03,535 --> 03:58:05,437
PHENOTYPING TO FIND BIOMARKERS

6856
03:58:05,504 --> 03:58:07,640
THAT FIT CERTAIN MIX PROFILES,

6857
03:58:07,706 --> 03:58:10,309
WE ALREADY CAN IMPROVE ON

6858
03:58:10,376 --> 03:58:14,813
SCREENING AS AVAILABLE NOW, THE

6859
03:58:14,880 --> 03:58:16,215
UNMET CLINICAL NEED IS NOW, WE

6860
03:58:16,281 --> 03:58:19,652
SHOULD BRING THESE THINGS TO --

6861
03:58:19,718 --> 03:58:22,087
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLINICAL

6862
03:58:22,154 --> 03:58:22,955
PRACTICE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

6863
03:58:23,022 --> 03:58:26,458
AND BY BEING ABLE TO START TO

6864
03:58:26,525 --> 03:58:28,160
GENERATE, SAY, BETTER RISK

6865
03:58:28,227 --> 03:58:30,529
PREDICTION USING PHENOTYPING, WE

6866
03:58:30,596 --> 03:58:31,664
MIGHT BE ABLE TO START TO BUILD

6867
03:58:31,730 --> 03:58:35,334
UP THE BIG DATASETS, BIOMARKERS

6868
03:58:35,401 --> 03:58:38,837
MEASURED IN A CONTROLLED WAY TO

6869
03:58:38,904 --> 03:58:41,206
CREATE THE DATA AS YOU CAN DO

6870
03:58:41,273 --> 03:58:42,174
MORE PERSONALIZED RISK

6871
03:58:42,241 --> 03:58:44,810
PREDICTION OR PERSONALIZED

6872
03:58:44,877 --> 03:58:45,444
DIAGNOSTICS.

6873
03:58:45,511 --> 03:58:48,814
SO ON THAT NOTE, THANK YOU FOR

6874
03:58:48,881 --> 03:58:49,081
LISTENING.

6875
03:58:49,148 --> 03:58:59,491
AND THEN LAST SLIDE.

6876
03:59:04,163 --> 03:59:05,097
AND THAT'S AN EFFORT OF LOTS OF

6877
03:59:05,164 --> 03:59:06,098
PEOPLE THAT ARE DEDICATED TO

6878
03:59:06,165 --> 03:59:07,266
THIS MISSION OF OUR COMPANY FOR

6879
03:59:07,332 --> 03:59:08,400
MANY, MANY YEARS.

6880
03:59:08,467 --> 03:59:11,036
THANK YOU.

6881
03:59:11,103 --> 03:59:12,104
>> THANK YOU.

6882
03:59:12,171 --> 03:59:13,872
THANK EVERYONE THAT GAVE A

6883
03:59:13,939 --> 03:59:15,107
WONDERFUL TALK DURING THIS

6884
03:59:15,174 --> 03:59:16,975
SESSION.

6885
03:59:17,042 --> 03:59:18,944
WE ARE A LITTLE BIT OVER TIME,

6886
03:59:19,011 --> 03:59:22,081
SO WE ARE GOING TO INCORPORATE

6887
03:59:22,147 --> 03:59:24,783
ANY QUESTIONS INTO THE BREAKOUT

6888
03:59:24,850 --> 03:59:25,784
SESSIONS THAT WE'RE GOING TO

6889
03:59:25,851 --> 03:59:27,319
HAVE THIS AFTERNOON AND WE ARE

6890
03:59:27,386 --> 03:59:30,522
GOING TO GO AHEAD AND BREAK FOR

6891
03:59:30,589 --> 03:59:32,825
LUNCH.

6892
03:59:32,891 --> 03:59:35,194
>> EVERYONE CAN TAKE YOUR SEATS,

6893
03:59:35,260 --> 03:59:36,261
WE'LL GET STARTED WITH THE NEXT

6894
03:59:36,328 --> 03:59:38,564
SESSION.

6895
03:59:38,630 --> 03:59:44,136
I'M SARA QUINNEY, INDIANA

6896
03:59:44,203 --> 03:59:45,537
UNIVERSITY, DATA MODEL RESEARCH

6897
03:59:45,604 --> 03:59:46,405
COORDINATING CENTER FOR THE

6898
03:59:46,472 --> 03:59:47,372
MATERNAL PEDIATRIC PRECISION AND

6899
03:59:47,439 --> 03:59:49,108
THERAPEUTICS OR MPRINT HUB.

6900
03:59:49,174 --> 03:59:51,176
IT'S MY PLEASURE TO SERVE AS NOT

6901
03:59:51,243 --> 03:59:56,982
RMODERATOR FOR SESSION THREE,

6902
03:59:57,049 --> 03:59:59,485
LEVERAGING A.I. AND MACHINE

6903
03:59:59,551 --> 04:00:01,253
LEARNING FOR DISCOVERY.

6904
04:00:01,320 --> 04:00:02,321
OUR FIRST SPEAKER IS FANNY

6905
04:00:02,387 --> 04:00:03,989
ANDERSON FROM ILLUMINA GLOBAL

6906
04:00:04,056 --> 04:00:04,323
HEALTH.

6907
04:00:04,389 --> 04:00:08,560
SHE'LL BE SPEAKING TODAY ON

6908
04:00:08,627 --> 04:00:12,598
GENOMICS A.I. FOR VARIANT

6909
04:00:12,664 --> 04:00:14,032
PREDICTION AND BIOMARKER

6910
04:00:14,099 --> 04:00:14,800
DISCOVERY.

6911
04:00:14,867 --> 04:00:15,000
FANNY?

6912
04:00:15,067 --> 04:00:25,410
>> THANK YOU, SARA.

6913
04:00:29,548 --> 04:00:29,848
OKAY.

6914
04:00:29,915 --> 04:00:31,483
GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYONE.

6915
04:00:31,550 --> 04:00:33,118
MY NAME IS FANNY ANDERSON AND I

6916
04:00:33,185 --> 04:00:34,219
WORK IN GLOBAL MARKET

6917
04:00:34,286 --> 04:00:35,988
DEVELOPMENT AT ILLUMINA.

6918
04:00:36,054 --> 04:00:38,056
AND TODAY I'LL BE TALKING ABOUT

6919
04:00:38,123 --> 04:00:41,126
GENOMIC A.I. FOR VARIANT

6920
04:00:41,193 --> 04:00:43,662
PRIORITIZATION IN BIOMARKER

6921
04:00:43,729 --> 04:00:44,630
DISCOVERY, AND MY TALK

6922
04:00:44,696 --> 04:00:45,697
UNFORTUNATELY WILL NOT BE

6923
04:00:45,764 --> 04:00:47,132
TOUCHING ON SOME OF THE REALLY

6924
04:00:47,199 --> 04:00:48,433
KEY PAIN POINTS THAT WE'VE BEEN

6925
04:00:48,500 --> 04:00:50,402
TALKING ABOUT THIS MORNING IN

6926
04:00:50,469 --> 04:00:52,738
TERMS OF INTEROPERABILITY AND

6927
04:00:52,805 --> 04:00:54,773
GETTING CLINICAL DATA OUT OF THE

6928
04:00:54,840 --> 04:00:58,410
EMR OR MERGING CLINICAL GENOMIC

6929
04:00:58,477 --> 04:00:59,845
DATASETS, BUT I WILL BE TALKING

6930
04:00:59,912 --> 04:01:01,146
ABOUT SOME ADVANCES ON THE FIELD

6931
04:01:01,213 --> 04:01:02,548
OF TRYING TO UNDERSTAND AND

6932
04:01:02,614 --> 04:01:05,050
BETTER PREDICT THE CLINICAL

6933
04:01:05,117 --> 04:01:07,786
EFFECTS OF GENOMICS AND GENETIC

6934
04:01:07,853 --> 04:01:08,253
VARIANTS.

6935
04:01:08,320 --> 04:01:09,354
SO JUST TO SET THE STAGE THERE,

6936
04:01:09,421 --> 04:01:11,757
MANY OF YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF

6937
04:01:11,824 --> 04:01:12,224
ILLUMINA.

6938
04:01:12,291 --> 04:01:22,768
I'M GOING TO TRY TO ADVANCE.

6939
04:01:35,814 --> 04:01:37,049
SO MANY OF YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF

6940
04:01:37,115 --> 04:01:37,449
ILLUMINA.

6941
04:01:37,516 --> 04:01:39,952
WE'RE A PUBLIC COMPANY AND A

6942
04:01:40,018 --> 04:01:42,688
LEADER IN NEXT GENERATION

6943
04:01:42,754 --> 04:01:43,889
SEQUENCING AND ARRAY SOLUTIONS

6944
04:01:43,956 --> 04:01:44,890
FOR GENOMICS.

6945
04:01:44,957 --> 04:01:46,625
WE'RE BASED IN SAN DIEGO, SERVE

6946
04:01:46,692 --> 04:01:47,392
CUSTOMERS AROUND THE WORLD.

6947
04:01:47,459 --> 04:01:49,361
I THINK MANY OF YOU HAVE

6948
04:01:49,428 --> 04:01:51,129
PROBABLY ILLUMINA SEQUENCERS IN

6949
04:01:51,196 --> 04:01:52,331
YOUR RESPECTIVE CORE LABS AND

6950
04:01:52,397 --> 04:01:54,066
ILLUMINA IS PROBABLY BEST KNOWN

6951
04:01:54,132 --> 04:01:56,602
FOR OUR SEQUENCING INSTRUMENTS

6952
04:01:56,668 --> 04:01:58,537
IN CONSUMABLES BUT WE ALSO HAVE

6953
04:01:58,604 --> 04:02:00,305
A BIOINFORMATICS PORTFOLIO WHICH

6954
04:02:00,372 --> 04:02:02,507
INCLUDES A GROWING SUITE OF

6955
04:02:02,574 --> 04:02:03,575
GENOMIC A.I. TOOLS.

6956
04:02:03,642 --> 04:02:06,111
SO WE HAVE DRAGON, WHICH IS A

6957
04:02:06,178 --> 04:02:07,746
SECONDARY ANALYSIS TOOL AND THAT

6958
04:02:07,813 --> 04:02:09,281
USES MACHINE LEARNING TO IMPROVE

6959
04:02:09,348 --> 04:02:11,583
THE ACCURACY OF VARIANT CALLING.

6960
04:02:11,650 --> 04:02:13,218
WE ALSO HAVE CONNECTED

6961
04:02:13,285 --> 04:02:14,987
ANNOTATIONS AND THIS IS A NEW

6962
04:02:15,053 --> 04:02:17,155
PRODUCT THAT PROVIDES A SUITE OF

6963
04:02:17,222 --> 04:02:18,257
A.I. ANNOTATIONS THAT ARE ADDED

6964
04:02:18,323 --> 04:02:21,093
TO A GENOME IN LESS THAN ONE

6965
04:02:21,159 --> 04:02:21,960
MINUTE.

6966
04:02:22,027 --> 04:02:28,767
THAT INCLUDES PRIMATEAI-3D, AND

6967
04:02:28,834 --> 04:02:33,338
FINALLY WE HAVE EMEDGENE WHICH

6968
04:02:33,405 --> 04:02:35,407
WE PRONOUNCE IMAGINE BUT TRY TO

6969
04:02:35,474 --> 04:02:36,875
GET GENE IN THE SPELLING AND

6970
04:02:36,942 --> 04:02:40,212
THAT'S A TERTIARY SOLUTION, AND

6971
04:02:40,279 --> 04:02:45,250
TODAY WE'LL FOCUS ON PRIMATE

6972
04:02:45,317 --> 04:02:47,552
PRIMATEAI-3D AND EMEDAGAIN.

6973
04:02:47,619 --> 04:02:49,521
I'M GOING TO DIVE INTO A LITTLE

6974
04:02:49,588 --> 04:02:50,856
MORE ABOUT THE TYPES OF A.I.

6975
04:02:50,923 --> 04:02:52,791
THAT THEY ARE AND THEN ALSO KIND

6976
04:02:52,858 --> 04:02:53,692
OF THE DIFFERENT TRAINING SETS

6977
04:02:53,759 --> 04:02:57,763
THAT THEY USE.

6978
04:02:57,829 --> 04:03:01,466
PRIMA AI3D IS A DEEP LEARNING

6979
04:03:01,533 --> 04:03:04,069
MET YORK BASED ON PRIMATE

6980
04:03:04,136 --> 04:03:06,371
GENOMES AND 3D PROTEIN

6981
04:03:06,438 --> 04:03:08,373
STRUCTURES, THE PATHOGENICITY OF

6982
04:03:08,440 --> 04:03:10,275
PROTEIN CODING VARIANTS.

6983
04:03:10,342 --> 04:03:12,210
IMAGINE IS AN EXPLAINABLE A.I.

6984
04:03:12,277 --> 04:03:13,712
AND IT USES NATURAL LANGUAGE

6985
04:03:13,779 --> 04:03:17,316
PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING

6986
04:03:17,382 --> 04:03:18,517
TO CURATE EVIDENCE FROM THE

6987
04:03:18,583 --> 04:03:19,952
LITERATURE AND PUBLIC DATABASES,

6988
04:03:20,018 --> 04:03:23,789
REAL WORLD PATIENT CASES, AND

6989
04:03:23,855 --> 04:03:26,491
IT'S LOOKING MORE HOLISTICALLY

6990
04:03:26,558 --> 04:03:28,160
AT A GIVEN CASE AND TRYING TO

6991
04:03:28,226 --> 04:03:29,661
PREDICT THE TOP 10 CANDIDATE

6992
04:03:29,728 --> 04:03:30,996
VARIANTS MOST LIKELY TO BE

6993
04:03:31,063 --> 04:03:32,097
CAUSING AN OBSERVED PHENOTYPE IN

6994
04:03:32,164 --> 04:03:33,632
AN INDIVIDUAL.

6995
04:03:33,699 --> 04:03:37,569
SO IT'S DIFFERENT FROM PRIMATE

6996
04:03:37,636 --> 04:03:38,870
AI-3D LOOKING AT A CASE, GIVING

6997
04:03:38,937 --> 04:03:40,639
THOSE TOP 10 RECOMMENDATIONS.

6998
04:03:40,706 --> 04:03:42,140
THE OTHER IS GIVING SINGLE

6999
04:03:42,207 --> 04:03:47,679
VARIANT SCORES.

7000
04:03:47,746 --> 04:03:50,182
SO AIL START WITH DIVING INTO

7001
04:03:50,248 --> 04:03:51,616
EMEDGENE AND HOW IT'S BEING USED

7002
04:03:51,683 --> 04:03:52,684
TODAY.

7003
04:03:52,751 --> 04:03:55,320
WE HAVE SEVERAL COMMERCIAL LABS

7004
04:03:55,387 --> 04:04:02,194
ALREADY USING MADGE, AND IT EME.

7005
04:04:02,260 --> 04:04:03,762
I THINK NOEL AND JASON SPOKE A

7006
04:04:03,829 --> 04:04:04,963
LITTLE ABOUT THIS THIS MORNING

7007
04:04:05,030 --> 04:04:07,132
BUT THIS CAN BE A REALLY MANUAL,

7008
04:04:07,199 --> 04:04:08,233
ARDUOUS PROCESS TO REVIEW THE

7009
04:04:08,300 --> 04:04:09,334
LITERATURE AND TRY TO CURATE

7010
04:04:09,401 --> 04:04:10,535
EVIDENCE AND UNDERSTAND THE

7011
04:04:10,602 --> 04:04:12,170
SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENT

7012
04:04:12,237 --> 04:04:13,138
VARIANTS.

7013
04:04:13,205 --> 04:04:15,674
SO EMEDGENE USES A.I. TO KIND OF

7014
04:04:15,741 --> 04:04:17,409
EXPEDITE THAT PROCESS BUT IT'S

7015
04:04:17,476 --> 04:04:19,044
EXPLAINABLE IN THAT IT PROVIDES

7016
04:04:19,111 --> 04:04:20,746
RECOMMENDATIONS THAT ARE CLEARLY

7017
04:04:20,812 --> 04:04:22,781
LINKED AND TRACEABLE BACK TO THE

7018
04:04:22,848 --> 04:04:24,282
EVIDENCE THAT IT'S USING TO MAKE

7019
04:04:24,349 --> 04:04:25,817
THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS.

7020
04:04:25,884 --> 04:04:27,619
SO THIS IS KIND OF AN UMBRELLA

7021
04:04:27,686 --> 04:04:28,887
AS I MENTIONED LITERATURE

7022
04:04:28,954 --> 04:04:31,089
CURATION WITH NATURAL LANGUAGE

7023
04:04:31,156 --> 04:04:33,925
PROCESSING, IT ALSO GENERATES

7024
04:04:33,992 --> 04:04:35,027
A.I.-BASED KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS THAT

7025
04:04:35,093 --> 04:04:38,196
SHOW GENOTYPE/PHENOTYPE

7026
04:04:38,263 --> 04:04:39,331
CONNECTIONS, AND ESSENTIALLY IT

7027
04:04:39,398 --> 04:04:42,901
CAN REALLY ACCELERATE THAT

7028
04:04:42,968 --> 04:04:44,202
VARIANT INTERPRETATION PROCESS,

7029
04:04:44,269 --> 04:04:46,171
BUT IT'S NOT A BLACK BOX SO IT'S

7030
04:04:46,238 --> 04:04:48,440
PROVIDING THAT LINKED EVIDENCE

7031
04:04:48,507 --> 04:04:49,841
SO YOU CAN REALLY UNDERSTAND WHY

7032
04:04:49,908 --> 04:04:50,942
IT MAKES THE PREDICTIONS IT

7033
04:04:51,009 --> 04:04:55,580
DOES.

7034
04:04:55,647 --> 04:04:56,915
THIS HAS BEEN TESTED SO THIS IS

7035
04:04:56,982 --> 04:04:58,550
LOOKING AT A STUDY FROM BAYLOR,

7036
04:04:58,617 --> 04:04:59,751
SUGGESTING THAT THIS METHOD

7037
04:04:59,818 --> 04:05:01,319
ACTUALLY DOES WORK TO SOME

7038
04:05:01,386 --> 04:05:02,821
EXTENT, AND THIS WAS A STUDY

7039
04:05:02,888 --> 04:05:06,425
WHERE THEY TOOK 180 CASES THAT

7040
04:05:06,491 --> 04:05:08,160
BAYLOR HAD SOLVED AND HAD

7041
04:05:08,226 --> 04:05:10,462
IDENTIFIED A CAUSAL DIAGNOSTIC

7042
04:05:10,529 --> 04:05:11,696
VARIANT, BUT EMEDGENE WAS JUST

7043
04:05:11,763 --> 04:05:13,432
GIVEN THE SEQUENCING

7044
04:05:13,498 --> 04:05:15,834
INFORMATION, AND IN 97% OF

7045
04:05:15,901 --> 04:05:18,003
CASES, IT CORRECTLY IDENTIFIED

7046
04:05:18,070 --> 04:05:19,538
THE DIAGNOSTIC CAUSAL VARIANT

7047
04:05:19,604 --> 04:05:21,406
WITHIN ITS TOP 10 VARIANT

7048
04:05:21,473 --> 04:05:23,909
RECOMMENDATIONS.

7049
04:05:23,975 --> 04:05:27,079
AND THERE'S SEVERAL LABS USING

7050
04:05:27,145 --> 04:05:27,846
EMEDGENE FOR RESEARCH.

7051
04:05:27,913 --> 04:05:29,815
I'M GOING TO TALK SPECIFICALLY

7052
04:05:29,881 --> 04:05:32,117
ABOUT SHRINERS CHILDREN'S TODAY

7053
04:05:32,184 --> 04:05:33,118
AND THEY'RE BUILDING A BAY OWE

7054
04:05:33,185 --> 04:05:34,319
BANK THAT'S REALLY INTERESTING.

7055
04:05:34,386 --> 04:05:35,821
IT'S SUPPORTING OVER 10 RESEARCH

7056
04:05:35,887 --> 04:05:37,689
STUDIES THAT THEY'RE DOING AT

7057
04:05:37,756 --> 04:05:39,324
SHRINERS, SO THEY'RE COLLECTING

7058
04:05:39,391 --> 04:05:40,859
SALIVA SAMPLES, THEY'RE DOING

7059
04:05:40,926 --> 04:05:43,495
WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING ON

7060
04:05:43,562 --> 04:05:46,331
ILLUMINA'S NOVA SEQX

7061
04:05:46,398 --> 04:05:46,998
HIGH-THROUGHPUT INSTRUMENT.

7062
04:05:47,065 --> 04:05:53,572
THEY'RE USING DRY AGAIN FOR DRAT

7063
04:05:53,638 --> 04:05:54,439
CALLING.

7064
04:05:54,506 --> 04:05:55,841
THIS CLINICAL GENOMIC KNOWLEDGE

7065
04:05:55,907 --> 04:05:59,044
BASE IS SERVING SEVERAL RESEARCH

7066
04:05:59,111 --> 04:06:00,112
PROJECTS INCLUDING ONE I'LL BE

7067
04:06:00,178 --> 04:06:02,080
TALKING A LITTLE BIT ABOUT IN

7068
04:06:02,147 --> 04:06:04,282
ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS.

7069
04:06:04,349 --> 04:06:06,585
AND I CHOSE THIS EXAMPLE BECAUSE

7070
04:06:06,651 --> 04:06:09,221
THIS IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF

7071
04:06:09,287 --> 04:06:10,055
SCOLIOSIS.

7072
04:06:10,122 --> 04:06:11,823
IT DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTS

7073
04:06:11,890 --> 04:06:13,158
GIRLS OR ADOLESCENT GIRLS.

7074
04:06:13,225 --> 04:06:16,962
IT HAS AN UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY, SO I

7075
04:06:17,028 --> 04:06:18,163
THINK THIS IS A REALLY GOOD

7076
04:06:18,230 --> 04:06:19,598
EXAMPLE WHERE IT'S NOT

7077
04:06:19,664 --> 04:06:20,899
NECESSARILY A CUT AND DRY RARE

7078
04:06:20,966 --> 04:06:22,200
DISEASE THAT WE UNDERSTAND WELL.

7079
04:06:22,267 --> 04:06:25,270
THIS IS SOMETHING THAT'S COMMON.

7080
04:06:25,337 --> 04:06:26,805
MULTIFACTORIAL BUT WE REALLY

7081
04:06:26,872 --> 04:06:27,772
DON'T UNDERSTAND IT TODAY.

7082
04:06:27,839 --> 04:06:30,208
SO RESEARCHERS AT SHRINERS ARE

7083
04:06:30,275 --> 04:06:31,510
USING EMEDGENE AS ONE OF THE

7084
04:06:31,576 --> 04:06:35,213
TOOLS TO TRY TO FIND GENETIC

7085
04:06:35,280 --> 04:06:36,548
PATHWAYS THAT MIGHT BE INVOLVED.

7086
04:06:36,615 --> 04:06:38,450
SO THEY'VE SEQUENCED OVER 150

7087
04:06:38,517 --> 04:06:40,719
FAMILIES THAT HAVE A CHILD WITH

7088
04:06:40,785 --> 04:06:41,686
IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS, AND

7089
04:06:41,753 --> 04:06:43,588
THEY'VE IDENTIFIED CANDIDATE

7090
04:06:43,655 --> 04:06:46,525
VARIANTS IN 15 DIFFERENT GENES.

7091
04:06:46,591 --> 04:06:48,460
AND THEN THEY WORK TO TRY TO

7092
04:06:48,527 --> 04:06:50,195
LINK THOSE CANDIDATE VARIANTS TO

7093
04:06:50,262 --> 04:06:51,530
SHARE BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS.

7094
04:06:51,596 --> 04:06:53,265
AND ONE OF THEIR HYPOTHESES IS

7095
04:06:53,331 --> 04:06:55,467
AROUND THE EPITHELIAL TO

7096
04:06:55,534 --> 04:06:56,434
MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION PATHWAY

7097
04:06:56,501 --> 04:06:58,670
THAT'S IMPORTANT IN STEM CELL

7098
04:06:58,737 --> 04:07:00,405
DIFFERENTIATION.

7099
04:07:00,472 --> 04:07:01,606
AND THEY'RE DOING A COUPLE

7100
04:07:01,673 --> 04:07:03,775
DIFFERENT THINGS TO VALIDATE AND

7101
04:07:03,842 --> 04:07:04,643
FURTHER PROGRESS THIS RESEARCH.

7102
04:07:04,709 --> 04:07:06,745
SO THEY DID SOME INITIAL CASE

7103
04:07:06,811 --> 04:07:08,813
CONTROL ANALYSIS USING ANOTHER

7104
04:07:08,880 --> 04:07:10,682
ILLUMINA TOOL CALLED COHORTS.

7105
04:07:10,749 --> 04:07:12,651
AND THIS TOOL DOESN'T USE A.I.

7106
04:07:12,717 --> 04:07:14,819
BUT I THINK IT'S REALLY VALUABLE

7107
04:07:14,886 --> 04:07:16,254
FOR BIOBANKS AND ACADEMIC

7108
04:07:16,321 --> 04:07:17,255
RESEARCH MORE GENERALLY BECAUSE

7109
04:07:17,322 --> 04:07:21,726
IT I A L ALLOWS YOU TO BUILD A D

7110
04:07:21,793 --> 04:07:22,627
CONTROL GROUP THAT'S GENERATED

7111
04:07:22,694 --> 04:07:23,461
FROM PUBLIC DATA.

7112
04:07:23,528 --> 04:07:24,996
SO THEY DID SOME CASE CONTROL

7113
04:07:25,063 --> 04:07:26,965
ANALYSIS AND HAVE THEN PLANNED

7114
04:07:27,032 --> 04:07:29,568
TO MOVE ON TO RNA SEQUENCING AND

7115
04:07:29,634 --> 04:07:31,136
THEN FUNCTIONAL STUDIES IN

7116
04:07:31,203 --> 04:07:32,771
ZEBRAFISH TO TRY TO FURTHER

7117
04:07:32,837 --> 04:07:34,172
VALIDATE THEIR CANDIDATE

7118
04:07:34,239 --> 04:07:34,439
VARIANTS.

7119
04:07:34,506 --> 04:07:36,908
WITH THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF

7120
04:07:36,975 --> 04:07:38,577
DISCOVERING NEW PROGNOSTIC AND

7121
04:07:38,643 --> 04:07:41,413
THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES.

7122
04:07:41,479 --> 04:07:42,581
SO I THINK THIS EXAMPLE IS

7123
04:07:42,647 --> 04:07:43,481
REALLY INTERESTING LIKE I

7124
04:07:43,548 --> 04:07:44,082
MENTIONED BECAUSE THEY ARE

7125
04:07:44,149 --> 04:07:45,684
TRYING TO SOLVE A PUZZLE OF A

7126
04:07:45,750 --> 04:07:46,651
POORLY UNDERSTOOD DISEASE AND I

7127
04:07:46,718 --> 04:07:51,890
THINK WE HAVE MANY OF THOSE IN

7128
04:07:51,957 --> 04:07:52,991
WOMEN'S HEALTH AND MATERNAL

7129
04:07:53,058 --> 04:07:56,161
HEALTH, AND MADGE EMEDGENE IS TD

7130
04:07:56,228 --> 04:07:57,495
BASED ON THE LITERATURE, PUBLIC

7131
04:07:57,562 --> 04:07:58,897
KNOWLEDGE BASES AND DATABASES

7132
04:07:58,964 --> 04:08:02,734
AND REAL PATIENT CASES THAT IS

7133
04:08:02,801 --> 04:08:05,904
INTERPRETED.

7134
04:08:05,971 --> 04:08:07,205
PRIMATE@3D IS DOING SOMETHING

7135
04:08:07,272 --> 04:08:08,406
VERY DIFFERENT IN KIND OF TAKING

7136
04:08:08,473 --> 04:08:09,674
A STEP FURTHER INTO THE UNKNOWN,

7137
04:08:09,741 --> 04:08:13,878
IF YOU WILL, SO PRIMATE A.I.3D

7138
04:08:13,945 --> 04:08:15,313
WORKS ON THE PROBLEM OF VARIANTS

7139
04:08:15,380 --> 04:08:16,514
OF UNKNOWN SIGNIFICANCE.

7140
04:08:16,581 --> 04:08:18,483
THIS IS A BIT OF A SCARY CHART

7141
04:08:18,550 --> 04:08:20,118
BUT OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE

7142
04:08:20,185 --> 04:08:21,553
CLINICAL EFFECTS OF PROTEIN

7143
04:08:21,620 --> 04:08:22,854
CODING VARIANTS, I'M GOING TO

7144
04:08:22,921 --> 04:08:25,657
FOCUS SPECIFICALLY ON MISSENSE

7145
04:08:25,724 --> 04:08:26,791
VARIANCE HERE IS RELATIVELY

7146
04:08:26,858 --> 04:08:27,025
NASCENT.

7147
04:08:27,092 --> 04:08:29,961
SO WE HAVE LESS THAN 200,000

7148
04:08:30,028 --> 04:08:31,396
MISSENSE VARIANTS THAT HAVE BEEN

7149
04:08:31,463 --> 04:08:35,333
CLASSIFIED IN CLINVAR EITHER AS

7150
04:08:35,400 --> 04:08:37,035
PATHOGENIC WITH VARYING DEGREES

7151
04:08:37,102 --> 04:08:38,903
OF CONFIDENCE AND LITERATURE

7152
04:08:38,970 --> 04:08:39,704
SUGGEST THERE IS COULD BE

7153
04:08:39,771 --> 04:08:42,040
MILLIONS OF VARIANTS OF UNKNOWN

7154
04:08:42,107 --> 04:08:45,277
SIG CAN'T, SOME OF WHICH WE HAVE

7155
04:08:45,343 --> 04:08:47,145
OBSERVED AND SOME WE HAVEN'T.

7156
04:08:47,212 --> 04:08:48,647
SO THEY HAD A HYPOTHESIS THAT WE

7157
04:08:48,713 --> 04:08:50,248
COULD LOOK AT PRIMATE GENOMES TO

7158
04:08:50,315 --> 04:08:52,517
TRY TO UNDERSTAND COMMON JEK

7159
04:08:52,584 --> 04:08:55,353
VARIANTS THAT HAVE BEEN

7160
04:08:55,420 --> 04:08:55,987
MAINTAINED OVER THE COURSE OF

7161
04:08:56,054 --> 04:08:57,522
NATURAL SELECTION AND THEIR

7162
04:08:57,589 --> 04:08:59,257
HYPOTHESIS WAS THAT IF WE SEE

7163
04:08:59,324 --> 04:09:02,594
COMMON VARIANTS THAT HAVE BEEN

7164
04:09:02,661 --> 04:09:04,763
PRESERVED OVER SEVERAL DIFFERENT

7165
04:09:04,829 --> 04:09:06,298
PRIMATE SPECIES AND THEN SHARED

7166
04:09:06,364 --> 04:09:07,632
IN HUMANS, THEY'RE UNLIKELY TO

7167
04:09:07,699 --> 04:09:08,733
BE PATHOGENIC BECAUSE THEY'VE

7168
04:09:08,800 --> 04:09:10,001
BEEN TOLERATED BY NATURAL

7169
04:09:10,068 --> 04:09:10,669
SELECTION FOR SO LONG.

7170
04:09:10,735 --> 04:09:12,103
SO AGAIN THIS IS A HYPOTHESIS.

7171
04:09:12,170 --> 04:09:13,405
THIS IS TRYING TO HELP US

7172
04:09:13,471 --> 04:09:16,207
UNDERSTAND WHAT MIGHT BE A VERY

7173
04:09:16,274 --> 04:09:20,412
LARGE PIE OF VUSs.

7174
04:09:20,478 --> 04:09:21,813
SO THEY WORKED WITH CONSERVATION

7175
04:09:21,880 --> 04:09:23,114
SCIENTISTS TO SEQUENCE OVER 800

7176
04:09:23,181 --> 04:09:24,649
PRIMATES, AND I DID FIND OUT

7177
04:09:24,716 --> 04:09:26,418
THAT ALMOST HALF OF THEM WERE

7178
04:09:26,484 --> 04:09:28,253
FEMALE, AND THEY LOOKED AT OVER

7179
04:09:28,320 --> 04:09:30,121
200 SPECIES THAT HAVE AN

7180
04:09:30,188 --> 04:09:31,856
EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY GOING BACK

7181
04:09:31,923 --> 04:09:32,524
100 MILLION YEARS.

7182
04:09:32,590 --> 04:09:35,160
THEY THEN IDENTIFIED 4 MILLION

7183
04:09:35,226 --> 04:09:37,796
COMMON MISSENSE VARIANTS THAT

7184
04:09:37,862 --> 04:09:39,097
MAY EXIST IN HUMANS, AND THEY

7185
04:09:39,164 --> 04:09:40,298
DID A COUPLE DIFFERENT THINGS TO

7186
04:09:40,365 --> 04:09:42,167
TRY TO TRIANGULATE THAT THOSE

7187
04:09:42,233 --> 04:09:43,368
VARIANTS WERE LIKELY BENIGN AND

7188
04:09:43,435 --> 04:09:44,569
THEY'RE ALL EXPLAINED IN DETAIL

7189
04:09:44,636 --> 04:09:46,071
IN A PAPER IN SCIENCE BUT ONE OF

7190
04:09:46,137 --> 04:09:49,074
THEM WAS LOOKING AT AMONGST THE

7191
04:09:49,140 --> 04:09:51,710
COMMON VARIANTS IN PRIMATES,

7192
04:09:51,776 --> 04:09:52,911
THERE WERE A SUBSET THAT HAD

7193
04:09:52,977 --> 04:09:54,879
BEEN CLASSIFIED IN CLINVAR WITH

7194
04:09:54,946 --> 04:09:56,548
HIGH DEGREE OF CONFIDENCE OF THE

7195
04:09:56,614 --> 04:09:58,283
2 STAR RATING OR ABOVE, AND

7196
04:09:58,350 --> 04:09:59,751
ALMOST 99% OF THOSE VARIANTS

7197
04:09:59,818 --> 04:10:01,653
WERE CLASSIFIED AS BENIGN WITH

7198
04:10:01,720 --> 04:10:03,221
HIGH CONFIDENCE.

7199
04:10:03,288 --> 04:10:06,491
SO PRIMATEAI-3D RECLASSIFIES

7200
04:10:06,558 --> 04:10:07,359
THOSE 4 MILLION VARIANTS SO IT'S

7201
04:10:07,425 --> 04:10:08,460
KIND OF TAKING A LEAP HERE,

7202
04:10:08,526 --> 04:10:09,794
AGAIN THIS IS ALL PREDICTION AND

7203
04:10:09,861 --> 04:10:11,963
TRYING TO HELP US FILTER OUT

7204
04:10:12,030 --> 04:10:13,031
LIKELY BENIGN VARIANTS.

7205
04:10:13,098 --> 04:10:17,435
BUT THIS IS ALL FOR RESEARCH

7206
04:10:17,502 --> 04:10:19,804
USE, CLEARLY.

7207
04:10:19,871 --> 04:10:21,406
SO THAT EATS INTO OUR PIE A

7208
04:10:21,473 --> 04:10:21,873
LITTLE BIT.

7209
04:10:21,940 --> 04:10:23,708
WE HAVE THESE 4 MILLION LIKELY

7210
04:10:23,775 --> 04:10:27,545
BENIGN VARIANTS, AND WHAT

7211
04:10:27,612 --> 04:10:28,346
PRIMATEAI-3D DOES TO TRY TO

7212
04:10:28,413 --> 04:10:29,080
UNDERSTAND THE REST OF THE

7213
04:10:29,147 --> 04:10:31,049
VARIANTS THAT ARE UNKNOWN IS

7214
04:10:31,116 --> 04:10:38,156
USING 3D PROTEIN STRUCTURE DATA.

7215
04:10:38,223 --> 04:10:40,592
THEY TRY TO LEARN ABOUT WHAT

7216
04:10:40,658 --> 04:10:42,227
TYPE OF AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTIONS

7217
04:10:42,293 --> 04:10:44,295
ARE TOLERATED IN THESE LIKELY

7218
04:10:44,362 --> 04:10:45,730
BENIGN VARIANTS AND THEIR

7219
04:10:45,797 --> 04:10:46,531
ASSOCIATED PROTEIN STRUCTURES

7220
04:10:46,598 --> 04:10:47,632
AND THEN WHEN PRESENTED WITH

7221
04:10:47,699 --> 04:10:49,868
UNKNOWN VARIANTS, IT'S TRAINED

7222
04:10:49,934 --> 04:10:50,869
ON SEVERAL DIFFERENT TASKS TO

7223
04:10:50,935 --> 04:10:53,171
TRY TO MAKE PREDICTIONS ABOUT

7224
04:10:53,238 --> 04:10:55,340
WHICH SUBSTITUTIONS WOULD BE

7225
04:10:55,407 --> 04:10:57,675
TOLERATED BY THE PROTEIN AND

7226
04:10:57,742 --> 04:10:59,944
WHICH WOULD AFFECT ITS FUNCTION

7227
04:11:00,011 --> 04:11:02,013
NEGATIVELY.

7228
04:11:02,080 --> 04:11:03,214
SO THERE'S A WHOLE PAPER THAT

7229
04:11:03,281 --> 04:11:04,849
EXPLAINS THIS BUT IT'S A

7230
04:11:04,916 --> 04:11:05,650
MULTI-LEARNING MODEL, SO BASED

7231
04:11:05,717 --> 04:11:07,318
ON LANGUAGE MODELS AND FILL IN

7232
04:11:07,385 --> 04:11:10,555
THE BLANK WITH 3D PROTEIN

7233
04:11:10,622 --> 04:11:12,524
STRUCTURES, AND GIVING AN

7234
04:11:12,590 --> 04:11:13,825
EXAMPLE AT A SINGLE GENE LEVEL

7235
04:11:13,892 --> 04:11:16,995
HERE, YOU CAN SEE THAT WHEN YOU

7236
04:11:17,061 --> 04:11:18,963
LOOK AT -- THIS IS A SINGLE GENE

7237
04:11:19,030 --> 04:11:22,600
THAT'S IMPORTANT IN THE CALCIUM

7238
04:11:22,667 --> 04:11:24,269
CHANNEL SPECIFICALLY, BUT YOU

7239
04:11:24,335 --> 04:11:26,304
CAN LOOK AT THE NOMAD MISSENSE

7240
04:11:26,371 --> 04:11:27,739
VARIANTS IN GREEN AND THEN THE

7241
04:11:27,806 --> 04:11:28,940
PRIMATE COMMON VARIANTS LAYERED

7242
04:11:29,007 --> 04:11:33,077
ON IN BLUE, AND THEN THE CLINVAR

7243
04:11:33,144 --> 04:11:34,846
PATHOGENIC VARIANTS THAT WE HAVE

7244
04:11:34,913 --> 04:11:37,148
CLASSIFIED TO DATE, SO YOU CAN

7245
04:11:37,215 --> 04:11:38,416
SEE PRIMATEAI-3D IS GIVING A

7246
04:11:38,483 --> 04:11:39,651
SCORE FOR EVERY SINGLE ONE OF

7247
04:11:39,717 --> 04:11:41,519
THESE VARIANTS ON A SCALE OF

7248
04:11:41,586 --> 04:11:43,588
BENIGN TO PATHOGENIC IN ITS

7249
04:11:43,655 --> 04:11:44,088
PREDICTION.

7250
04:11:44,155 --> 04:11:45,557
AND YOU CAN SEE IT ALIGNS WELL

7251
04:11:45,623 --> 04:11:48,860
WITH THE PATHOGENIC VARIANTS WE

7252
04:11:48,927 --> 04:11:49,794
HAVEN'T CLASSIFIED AND THEN

7253
04:11:49,861 --> 04:11:51,896
WHERE WE HAVE REALLY COMMON

7254
04:11:51,963 --> 04:11:54,199
PRIMATE VARIANTS, THOSE ARE

7255
04:11:54,265 --> 04:11:57,936
BENIGN BY PRIMATEAI-3D.

7256
04:11:58,002 --> 04:12:00,405
THIS IS A NEW TECHNOLOGY.

7257
04:12:00,472 --> 04:12:01,739
THESE SCIENCE PAPERS HAVE JUST

7258
04:12:01,806 --> 04:12:03,475
COME OUT OVER THE COURSE OF THE

7259
04:12:03,541 --> 04:12:06,010
LAST LESS THAN A YEAR, AND WE

7260
04:12:06,077 --> 04:12:06,911
DON'T HAVE ANY GREAT EXAMPLES

7261
04:12:06,978 --> 04:12:08,513
THAT I CAN POINT TO EXTERNALLY

7262
04:12:08,580 --> 04:12:11,049
OF THIS RESEARCH BEING PUBLISHED

7263
04:12:11,115 --> 04:12:12,784
BY CUSTOMERS OF OURS LIKE I DID

7264
04:12:12,851 --> 04:12:14,652
WITH THE SHINERS EXAMPLE.

7265
04:12:14,719 --> 04:12:15,653
THERE ARE SEVERAL CUSTOMERS THAT

7266
04:12:15,720 --> 04:12:17,155
ARE ACTIVELY WORKING ON USING

7267
04:12:17,222 --> 04:12:18,623
THIS IN THEIR RESEARCH, BUT I

7268
04:12:18,690 --> 04:12:19,691
WILL SHARE A LITTLE BIT ABOUT

7269
04:12:19,757 --> 04:12:21,626
SOME RESEARCH THAT ILLUMINA HAS

7270
04:12:21,693 --> 04:12:23,828
DONE TRYING TO INCORPORATE RARE

7271
04:12:23,895 --> 04:12:26,798
VARIANTS IDENTIFIED BY

7272
04:12:26,865 --> 04:12:29,400
PRIMATEAI-3D INTO POLYGENIC RISK

7273
04:12:29,467 --> 04:12:30,635
SCORES.

7274
04:12:30,702 --> 04:12:32,036
I CHOSE THIS CHANNEL BECAUSE I

7275
04:12:32,103 --> 04:12:32,904
THINK, AGAIN, IN THIS

7276
04:12:32,971 --> 04:12:33,838
CONVERSATION ABOUT MATERNAL

7277
04:12:33,905 --> 04:12:35,373
HEALTH AND WOMEN'S HEALTH, A LOT

7278
04:12:35,440 --> 04:12:38,810
OF THE DISEASES WE'RE LOOKING AT

7279
04:12:38,877 --> 04:12:40,578
ARE MULTIFACTORIAL, POLYGENIC,

7280
04:12:40,645 --> 04:12:43,414
NOT MONOGENIC DISEASES, AND SO

7281
04:12:43,481 --> 04:12:45,483
FOR COMMON DISEASES, POLYGENIC

7282
04:12:45,550 --> 04:12:47,452
RISK SCORES THEORETICALLY HOLE A

7283
04:12:47,519 --> 04:12:52,590
HOLD ALOT OF PROMISE, BUT HISTOY

7284
04:12:52,657 --> 04:12:53,591
POLYGENIC RISK SCORES HAVE BEEN

7285
04:12:53,658 --> 04:12:54,792
BASED ON COMMON VARIANTS THAT

7286
04:12:54,859 --> 04:12:56,661
ARE IDENTIFIED IN GWAS STUDIES.

7287
04:12:56,728 --> 04:12:59,030
THEY HAVE A HEAVY BIAS TOWARDS

7288
04:12:59,097 --> 04:13:00,265
EUROPEAN ANCESTRY AND OFTEN

7289
04:13:00,331 --> 04:13:01,900
DON'T PERFORM VERY WELL IN OTHER

7290
04:13:01,966 --> 04:13:02,667
ANCESTRY GROUPS.

7291
04:13:02,734 --> 04:13:05,837
BUT RARE VARIANTS, WHICH

7292
04:13:05,904 --> 04:13:06,804
PRIMATEAI-3D CAN HELP TO

7293
04:13:06,871 --> 04:13:08,339
IDENTIFY, OFTEN IS LARGER EFFECT

7294
04:13:08,406 --> 04:13:09,440
SIZES THAN COMMON VARIANTS, SO

7295
04:13:09,507 --> 04:13:12,076
THIS IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE HERE

7296
04:13:12,143 --> 04:13:13,278
LOOKING AT CHOLESTEROL LEVELS

7297
04:13:13,344 --> 04:13:15,580
AND YOU CAN SEE THAT THE RARE

7298
04:13:15,647 --> 04:13:17,849
VARIANTS WITHIN THE LIPID

7299
04:13:17,916 --> 04:13:19,350
PATHWAYS HAVE LARGER EFFECTS ON

7300
04:13:19,417 --> 04:13:22,687
LIKE THE ACTUAL DEVIATION IN

7301
04:13:22,754 --> 04:13:23,988
CHOLESTEROL LEVELS THAT ARE

7302
04:13:24,055 --> 04:13:24,489
OBSERVED.

7303
04:13:24,556 --> 04:13:25,657
AND THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT

7304
04:13:25,723 --> 04:13:27,492
BECAUSE WHEN YOU'RE LOOKING AT

7305
04:13:27,559 --> 04:13:28,927
POLYGENIC RISK SCORES, BEING

7306
04:13:28,993 --> 04:13:30,562
ABLE TO INCORPORATE RARE

7307
04:13:30,628 --> 04:13:31,429
VARIANTS THAT HAVE LARGER

7308
04:13:31,496 --> 04:13:34,032
EFFECTS SHOULD HELP IMPROVE THE

7309
04:13:34,098 --> 04:13:39,737
ACCURACY AND WE USE THE UK

7310
04:13:39,804 --> 04:13:40,738
BIOBANK DATA TO TRY TO LOOK AT

7311
04:13:40,805 --> 04:13:41,039
THIS.

7312
04:13:41,105 --> 04:13:43,474
SO THERE WERE ABOUT 80 DIFFERENT

7313
04:13:43,541 --> 04:13:44,342
PHENOTYPES IN THIS PAPER THAT

7314
04:13:44,409 --> 04:13:45,843
WERE EXPLORED AND THIS IS AN

7315
04:13:45,910 --> 04:13:47,178
EXAMPLE SPECIFICALLY FOR TYPE

7316
04:13:47,245 --> 04:13:47,478
2 DIABETES.

7317
04:13:47,545 --> 04:13:49,380
SO YOU CAN SEE THE RARE VARIANT

7318
04:13:49,447 --> 04:13:51,883
PRS GENERATED FROM PRIMATEAI-3D

7319
04:13:51,950 --> 04:13:53,851
IN ORANGE, AND THEN THE COMMON

7320
04:13:53,918 --> 04:13:56,487
VARIANT PRS IN BLUE, AND WHAT'S

7321
04:13:56,554 --> 04:13:58,222
IMPORTANT HERE IS THAT AS YOU

7322
04:13:58,289 --> 04:14:00,191
GET TO LIKE HIGHER LEVELS OF

7323
04:14:00,258 --> 04:14:02,594
RELATIVE RISK ON THE X AXIS, THE

7324
04:14:02,660 --> 04:14:05,530
RARE VARIANT PRS IS BETTER AT

7325
04:14:05,597 --> 04:14:06,965
IDENTIFYING THE OUTLIER

7326
04:14:07,031 --> 04:14:08,066
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE AT THE

7327
04:14:08,132 --> 04:14:11,002
HIGHEST RISK OF DISEASE.

7328
04:14:11,069 --> 04:14:12,570
SO THIS PAPER GIVES MORE DATA

7329
04:14:12,637 --> 04:14:14,405
AROUND LIKE THE CORRELATION WITH

7330
04:14:14,472 --> 04:14:16,808
ACTUAL PHENOTYPE AS WELL AS THE

7331
04:14:16,874 --> 04:14:18,810
PERFORMANCE ALONG OTHER ANCESTRY

7332
04:14:18,876 --> 04:14:19,877
GROUPS, BUT IT SHOWS PROMISE

7333
04:14:19,944 --> 04:14:21,846
THAT INCORPORATING RARE VARIANTS

7334
04:14:21,913 --> 04:14:23,615
INTO POLYGENIC RISK SCORES COULD

7335
04:14:23,681 --> 04:14:26,451
IMPROVE ACCURACY, COULD HELP TO

7336
04:14:26,517 --> 04:14:28,419
OVERCOME THE ANCESTRY BIAS THAT

7337
04:14:28,486 --> 04:14:30,154
WE'VE TYPICALLY SEEN AND THEN

7338
04:14:30,221 --> 04:14:31,055
ULTIMATELY FINDING RARE

7339
04:14:31,122 --> 04:14:32,357
PENETRANT VARIANTS THAT DO HAVE

7340
04:14:32,423 --> 04:14:34,192
REALLY LARGE EFFECT SIZES MAY BE

7341
04:14:34,258 --> 04:14:38,262
KEY TARGETS FOR FUTURE

7342
04:14:38,329 --> 04:14:38,896
THERAPIES, DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS AND

7343
04:14:38,963 --> 04:14:42,967
THINGS OF THAT NATURE.

7344
04:14:43,034 --> 04:14:46,804
SO TO SUM UP, PRIMATEAI-3D AND

7345
04:14:46,871 --> 04:14:49,741
EMEDGENE CAN BOTH BE USEFUL IN

7346
04:14:49,807 --> 04:14:51,609
RESEARCH, I AM ADMITTING THEY'RE

7347
04:14:51,676 --> 04:14:55,313
BOTH FOCUSED ON DNA AT THIS

7348
04:14:55,380 --> 04:14:56,948
POINT, DOWNSTREAM BIOLOGICAL

7349
04:14:57,015 --> 04:14:59,584
PATHWAYS THAT CAN THEN BE

7350
04:14:59,651 --> 04:15:01,219
VALIDATED IN FUNCTIONAL AND

7351
04:15:01,285 --> 04:15:02,220
MULTI-YOE MIBG STUDIES DOWN THE

7352
04:15:02,286 --> 04:15:02,420
ROAD.

7353
04:15:02,487 --> 04:15:06,057
AND I WANTED TO ALSO COMMENT

7354
04:15:06,124 --> 04:15:07,358
THAT OBVIOUSLY ARTIFICIAL

7355
04:15:07,425 --> 04:15:09,327
INTELLIGENCE IS ONLY AS GOOD AS

7356
04:15:09,394 --> 04:15:10,762
ITS TRAINING DATASET, SO

7357
04:15:10,828 --> 04:15:11,596
PRIMATEAI-3D IS REALLY

7358
04:15:11,663 --> 04:15:13,931
INTERESTING WHERE IT'S TAKING A

7359
04:15:13,998 --> 04:15:16,434
STEP INTO KIND OF LESS

7360
04:15:16,501 --> 04:15:18,836
CHARACTERIZED AREAS LOOKING AT

7361
04:15:18,903 --> 04:15:21,139
3D PROTEIN STRUCTURE DATA TO TRY

7362
04:15:21,205 --> 04:15:22,106
AND EXTRAPOLATE AND MAKE

7363
04:15:22,173 --> 04:15:22,974
PREDICTIONS TO KIND OF

7364
04:15:23,041 --> 04:15:24,108
ESSENTIALLY LIKE INCREASE WHAT

7365
04:15:24,175 --> 04:15:25,343
WE'RE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND BEYOND

7366
04:15:25,410 --> 04:15:30,214
OUR EXISTING LITERATURE AND OUR

7367
04:15:30,281 --> 04:15:31,749
EXISTING VERIFICATIONS BUT I

7368
04:15:31,816 --> 04:15:33,284
THINK IN OUR SPACE OVERALL,

7369
04:15:33,351 --> 04:15:35,753
GETTING MORE DATA AND

7370
04:15:35,820 --> 04:15:37,722
ESSENTIALLY LIKE BUILDING THOSE

7371
04:15:37,789 --> 04:15:39,357
DATASETS THAT A.I. CAN LEARN

7372
04:15:39,424 --> 04:15:41,059
FROM IN MATERNAL WOMEN'S HEALTH

7373
04:15:41,125 --> 04:15:41,826
IS GOING TO BE VERY IMPORTANT

7374
04:15:41,893 --> 04:15:44,162
WHICH IS WHY I'M SO INSPIRED TO

7375
04:15:44,228 --> 04:15:45,530
HEAR ALL OF YOU GUYS TALKING AND

7376
04:15:45,596 --> 04:15:47,098
I THINK JUST THE A.I. IS ONLY AS

7377
04:15:47,165 --> 04:15:50,802
GOOD AS THE TRAINING DATA CAN'T

7378
04:15:50,868 --> 04:15:53,971
SOLVE PROBLEMS OF NO DATA BEING

7379
04:15:54,038 --> 04:15:55,173
THERE.

7380
04:15:55,239 --> 04:16:05,616
SO THANK YOU SO MUCH.

7381
04:16:19,764 --> 04:16:20,932
>> THANK YOU, FANNY.

7382
04:16:20,998 --> 04:16:29,140
OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS DR. DIGNA

7383
04:16:29,207 --> 04:16:31,743
VELEZ EDWARDS, VANDERBILT

7384
04:16:31,809 --> 04:16:33,411
UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER,

7385
04:16:33,478 --> 04:16:35,379
LEVERAGING PLACENTAL BIOBANKS

7386
04:16:35,446 --> 04:16:37,749
AND TRANSCRIPTION ATLAS TO

7387
04:16:37,815 --> 04:16:40,518
UNDERSTANDING MATERNAL/CHILD

7388
04:16:40,585 --> 04:16:41,753
HEALTH.

7389
04:16:41,819 --> 04:16:44,455
>> WE HAVE BEEN DOING SOME

7390
04:16:44,522 --> 04:16:46,524
BIOBANKING NOT TO THE DEGREE OF

7391
04:16:46,591 --> 04:16:47,391
EARLIER SESSION SPEAKER BUS

7392
04:16:47,458 --> 04:16:49,360
WE'VE BEEN USING THAT DATA TO

7393
04:16:49,427 --> 04:16:51,195
HELP BUILD TRANSCRIPTOME ATLASES

7394
04:16:51,262 --> 04:16:52,897
TO STUDY MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH

7395
04:16:52,964 --> 04:17:01,072
AND RISK FOR ADULT DISEASES.

7396
04:17:01,139 --> 04:17:02,173
LET'S SEE IF I HAVE ANY LUCK

7397
04:17:02,240 --> 04:17:05,676
WITH THIS.

7398
04:17:05,743 --> 04:17:06,344
THE ARROW WORKS.

7399
04:17:06,410 --> 04:17:09,714
SO AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, THE

7400
04:17:09,781 --> 04:17:11,149
DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL FOR DISEASE

7401
04:17:11,215 --> 04:17:13,417
CAUSATION THAT OUTLINED THE

7402
04:17:13,484 --> 04:17:14,619
CONCEPTS BEHIND DEVELOPMENTAL

7403
04:17:14,685 --> 04:17:16,754
ORIGINS OF ADULT DISEASE OR

7404
04:17:16,821 --> 04:17:19,123
DOHAD WAS FIRST DESCRIBED IN

7405
04:17:19,190 --> 04:17:20,992
1989, WHERE THE CORE IDEAS THAT

7406
04:17:21,058 --> 04:17:22,527
ADULT HEALTH MAY BE INFLUENCED

7407
04:17:22,593 --> 04:17:24,796
BY EXPOSURES THAT OCCUR DURING

7408
04:17:24,862 --> 04:17:32,069
FETAL STAGE, INFA  INFANCY AND Y

7409
04:17:32,136 --> 04:17:35,339
CHILDHOOD HEALTH.

7410
04:17:35,406 --> 04:17:39,010
MATERNAL PREPREGNANCY OBESITY

7411
04:17:39,076 --> 04:17:40,678
HAS ALSO BEEN OBSERVED TO LEAD

7412
04:17:40,745 --> 04:17:43,848
TO OFFSPRING'S RISK FOR ASTHMA,

7413
04:17:43,915 --> 04:17:46,250
TYPE~2 DIABETES AND STROKE AMONG

7414
04:17:46,317 --> 04:17:48,119
OTHERS.

7415
04:17:48,186 --> 04:17:49,420
BECAUSE OF THIS AND THE ROLE OF

7416
04:17:49,487 --> 04:17:50,955
THE PLACENTA IN FETAL

7417
04:17:51,022 --> 04:17:52,156
DEVELOPMENT, A LOT OF RESEARCH

7418
04:17:52,223 --> 04:17:54,125
HAS FOCUSED ON LOOKING AT THE

7419
04:17:54,192 --> 04:17:55,560
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE

7420
04:17:55,626 --> 04:17:57,295
PLACENTAL ENVIRONMENT AND

7421
04:17:57,361 --> 04:17:59,363
DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF ADULT

7422
04:17:59,430 --> 04:18:00,731
DISEASE.

7423
04:18:00,798 --> 04:18:03,167
THIS IS BECAUSE IN UTERO

7424
04:18:03,234 --> 04:18:05,536
EXPOSURES LEAD TO GENETIC

7425
04:18:05,603 --> 04:18:07,071
REGULATION IN PLACENTAL AND

7426
04:18:07,138 --> 04:18:08,706
FETAL ENVIRONMENTS AND PLACENTAL

7427
04:18:08,773 --> 04:18:10,208
EPIGENETIC CHANGES CAN RESULT IN

7428
04:18:10,274 --> 04:18:12,009
LONG TERM HEALTH EFFECTS ON

7429
04:18:12,076 --> 04:18:12,443
OFFSPRING.

7430
04:18:12,510 --> 04:18:13,678
THE PLACENTA HAS MANY ROLES THAT

7431
04:18:13,744 --> 04:18:16,714
I HAVE LISTED HERE, BUT

7432
04:18:16,781 --> 04:18:18,783
IMPORTANTLY, IT MEDIATES

7433
04:18:18,850 --> 04:18:19,884
NON-GENOMIC TRANSMISSION OF RISK

7434
04:18:19,951 --> 04:18:25,756
FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES.

7435
04:18:25,823 --> 04:18:28,492
WITH REGARDS TO BANKING, AS PART

7436
04:18:28,559 --> 04:18:30,228
OF THE MPRINT STUDY, WE GOT

7437
04:18:30,294 --> 04:18:31,295
FUNDED A SUPPLEMENT WHERE WE'VE

7438
04:18:31,362 --> 04:18:34,165
BEEN DOING SOME PLACENTAL

7439
04:18:34,232 --> 04:18:34,932
BIOBANKING AT VANDERBILT TO DO

7440
04:18:34,999 --> 04:18:37,768
THIS WORK ON EQTLs, AS WELL AS

7441
04:18:37,835 --> 04:18:39,003
TO LOOK AT THE ROLE OF

7442
04:18:39,070 --> 04:18:41,272
MEDICATION EXPOSURES DURING

7443
04:18:41,339 --> 04:18:44,141
PREGNANCY.

7444
04:18:44,208 --> 04:18:45,209
PLACENTAL BIOBANKING HAS ITS OWN

7445
04:18:45,276 --> 04:18:47,411
KIND OF UNIQUE CHALLENGES IN

7446
04:18:47,478 --> 04:18:48,212
THAT YOU'RE REALLY TETHERED TO

7447
04:18:48,279 --> 04:18:52,316
THE TIMING OF DELIVERIES.

7448
04:18:52,383 --> 04:18:53,851
DELIVERIES DON'T ALWAYS OCCUR

7449
04:18:53,918 --> 04:18:56,254
DURING BUSINESS HOURS SO YOU

7450
04:18:56,320 --> 04:18:57,788
HAVE TO HAVE STAFFING THAT CAN

7451
04:18:57,855 --> 04:18:59,357
OCCUR ON WEEKENDS AND ON

7452
04:18:59,423 --> 04:19:00,758
EVENINGS, TIMING OF CONSENT CAN

7453
04:19:00,825 --> 04:19:04,462
BE A CHALLENGE, DO YOU CONSENT

7454
04:19:04,528 --> 04:19:05,663
AT DELIVERY WHICH SOME STUDY

7455
04:19:05,730 --> 04:19:07,465
DESIGNS ARE SET UP TO DO WHILE

7456
04:19:07,531 --> 04:19:10,935
OTHERS CONSENT DURING PREGNANCY.

7457
04:19:11,002 --> 04:19:11,802
STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF

7458
04:19:11,869 --> 04:19:13,871
FRESH TISSUE OFTEN REQUIRES

7459
04:19:13,938 --> 04:19:14,972
REFRIGERATION NEEDS WITHIN LABOR

7460
04:19:15,039 --> 04:19:18,676
AND DELIVERY TO AT LEAST HAVE A

7461
04:19:18,743 --> 04:19:22,847
LANDING PAD FOR TISSUE WHILE IT

7462
04:19:22,914 --> 04:19:24,382
MAKES ITS WAY TO THE LAB.

7463
04:19:24,448 --> 04:19:25,383
COLLECTING TISSUE ACCORDING TO

7464
04:19:25,449 --> 04:19:26,550
VARIOUS NEEDS.

7465
04:19:26,617 --> 04:19:27,318
SEVERAL DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS

7466
04:19:27,385 --> 04:19:28,219
REQUIRE DIFFERENT PRESERVATIONS

7467
04:19:28,286 --> 04:19:33,557
OF TISSUES, SOME FRESH, SOME NOT

7468
04:19:33,624 --> 04:19:36,394
FRESH, SOME PRESERVED WITH

7469
04:19:36,460 --> 04:19:37,728
SPECIFIC REAGENTS, ALL KIND OF

7470
04:19:37,795 --> 04:19:42,199
HAVE DIFFERENT NEEDS.

7471
04:19:42,266 --> 04:19:43,501
THERE'S ALSO INFORMATIC

7472
04:19:43,567 --> 04:19:43,768
LINKAGES.

7473
04:19:43,834 --> 04:19:45,736
SO YOU REALLY HAVE TO HAVE YOUR

7474
04:19:45,803 --> 04:19:46,337
INFORMATICS INFRASTRUCTURE SET

7475
04:19:46,404 --> 04:19:50,174
UP IN ORDER TO BLA BANK PLACENTL

7476
04:19:50,241 --> 04:19:50,608
TISSUE.

7477
04:19:50,675 --> 04:19:51,809
YOU NEED TO KNOW WHEN DOES YOUR

7478
04:19:51,876 --> 04:19:53,678
PATIENT ARRIVE AT L & D AND DO

7479
04:19:53,744 --> 04:19:54,845
YOU HAVE SOMEONE READY TO GO TO

7480
04:19:54,912 --> 04:19:56,747
BE ABLE TO COLLECT TISSUE AT AN

7481
04:19:56,814 --> 04:20:00,184
UNKNOWN TIME.

7482
04:20:00,251 --> 04:20:01,786
WHEN THE BABY IS DELIVERED.

7483
04:20:01,852 --> 04:20:03,321
SO IT REQUIRES A DEEP CONNECTION

7484
04:20:03,387 --> 04:20:04,655
AND PARTNERSHIP WITH LABOR AND

7485
04:20:04,722 --> 04:20:10,194
DELIVERY AND YOUR NURSES AT

7486
04:20:10,261 --> 04:20:10,528
NIGHT.

7487
04:20:10,594 --> 04:20:13,798
WITH REGARDS TO HOW WE'RE USING

7488
04:20:13,864 --> 04:20:15,066
PLACENTAL TISSUE, AS I MENTIONED

7489
04:20:15,132 --> 04:20:17,368
WE'RE REALLY INTERESTED IN EQTL

7490
04:20:17,435 --> 04:20:17,768
ATLASES.

7491
04:20:17,835 --> 04:20:19,704
SO MOST GENOMIC STUDIES USE

7492
04:20:19,770 --> 04:20:21,806
TISSUE ATLASES TO ASK SECONDARY

7493
04:20:21,872 --> 04:20:23,107
QUESTIONINGS FROM GWAS FINDINGS

7494
04:20:23,174 --> 04:20:24,642
AND LARGE SCALE GENOMICS

7495
04:20:24,709 --> 04:20:26,043
STUDIES.

7496
04:20:26,110 --> 04:20:26,811
SO FOR EXAMPLE, IS THERE

7497
04:20:26,877 --> 04:20:28,813
EVIDENCE OF THE GENE I

7498
04:20:28,879 --> 04:20:30,314
ASSOCIATED FOR MY STUDY ALSO

7499
04:20:30,381 --> 04:20:31,082
INFLUENCES GENE EXPRESSION WHEN

7500
04:20:31,148 --> 04:20:35,152
I DON'T HAVE TISSUE ON HAND FOR

7501
04:20:35,219 --> 04:20:36,687
THE SAMPLES I'M LOOKING AT.

7502
04:20:36,754 --> 04:20:38,222
SO A LOT OF STUDIES USE A

7503
04:20:38,289 --> 04:20:40,391
RESOURCE CALLED GTEX OR THE

7504
04:20:40,458 --> 04:20:41,325
GENOMIC TISSUE EXPRESSION

7505
04:20:41,392 --> 04:20:43,327
PROGRAM THAT HAS DEVELOPED

7506
04:20:43,394 --> 04:20:45,196
EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT

7507
04:20:45,262 --> 04:20:46,197
LOCI FOR SEVERAL TISSUES.

7508
04:20:46,263 --> 04:20:48,699
SO IT HAS IT FOR MULTIPLE TISSUE

7509
04:20:48,766 --> 04:20:49,133
TYPES.

7510
04:20:49,200 --> 04:20:50,901
IT HAS SOME REPRODUCTIVE TISSUES

7511
04:20:50,968 --> 04:20:52,169
BUT IT COMES WITH SOME

7512
04:20:52,236 --> 04:20:52,770
LIMITATIONS.

7513
04:20:52,837 --> 04:20:53,938
SO FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO AREN'T

7514
04:20:54,005 --> 04:20:58,009
AS FAMILIAR WITH GTEX, THIS IS

7515
04:20:58,075 --> 04:21:01,412
THE WEBSITE AND IT'S A PROJECT

7516
04:21:01,479 --> 04:21:02,813
THAT HAS COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCES

7517
04:21:02,880 --> 04:21:04,982
ON WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING, RNA

7518
04:21:05,049 --> 04:21:07,518
SEQ DATA, QTL DATA FROM

7519
04:21:07,585 --> 04:21:08,386
APPROXIMATELY 54 NON-DISEASE

7520
04:21:08,452 --> 04:21:10,788
TISSUE SITES FROM APPROXIMATELY

7521
04:21:10,855 --> 04:21:11,555
1,000 INDIVIDUALS.

7522
04:21:11,622 --> 04:21:13,524
IT DOES HAVE REPRESENTATION,

7523
04:21:13,591 --> 04:21:15,059
SOME REPRESENTATION OF UTERUS

7524
04:21:15,126 --> 04:21:19,330
TISSUE, VAGINAL TISSUE, CERVIX

7525
04:21:19,397 --> 04:21:21,832
AND FALLOPIAN TUBES BUT NO

7526
04:21:21,899 --> 04:21:23,300
PLACENTA, AND THERE ARE CAVEATS

7527
04:21:23,367 --> 04:21:25,503
THAT A LOT ARE COLLECTED FROM

7528
04:21:25,569 --> 04:21:26,670
DECEASED INDIVIDUALS OR

7529
04:21:26,737 --> 04:21:27,271
POST-MENOPAUSAL INDIVIDUALS,

7530
04:21:27,338 --> 04:21:29,640
WHICH FOR THE WORK WE DO WHEN

7531
04:21:29,707 --> 04:21:31,242
WE'RE ASKING SPECIFIC QUESTIONS

7532
04:21:31,308 --> 04:21:33,310
ABOUT EXPRESSION IN TISSUE, THAT

7533
04:21:33,377 --> 04:21:38,582
ISN'T IDEAL.

7534
04:21:38,649 --> 04:21:39,650
SO THERE'S A LOT OF

7535
04:21:39,717 --> 04:21:41,285
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE TYPES OF

7536
04:21:41,352 --> 04:21:43,921
TISSUE THAT WE CAN USE FOR

7537
04:21:43,988 --> 04:21:46,223
STUDIES OF EQTLs FOR THE

7538
04:21:46,290 --> 04:21:48,192
TRAITS THAT WE'RE INTERESTED IN,

7539
04:21:48,259 --> 04:21:53,130
AND BIOBANKS THESE TYPES OF

7540
04:21:53,197 --> 04:21:54,565
TISSUES.

7541
04:21:54,632 --> 04:21:56,634
FOR INSTANCE UTERUS EXPRESSION

7542
04:21:56,700 --> 04:21:57,835
MIGHT BE IMPACTED BY TIMING

7543
04:21:57,902 --> 04:22:01,338
DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE, IT

7544
04:22:01,405 --> 04:22:04,275
MIGHT HAVE MYOMETRIAL AND

7545
04:22:04,341 --> 04:22:04,842
ENDOMETRIAL COMPONENTS THAT

7546
04:22:04,909 --> 04:22:07,244
YOU'RE INTERESTED FOR YOUR

7547
04:22:07,311 --> 04:22:08,446
SPECIFIC PRESEARCH QUESTION.

7548
04:22:08,512 --> 04:22:10,047
THE PRIMARY COMPONENT OF THE

7549
04:22:10,114 --> 04:22:11,449
UTERUS THAT I'M INTERESTED IN IS

7550
04:22:11,515 --> 04:22:13,884
THE MYOMETRIUM, BECAUSE THAT'S

7551
04:22:13,951 --> 04:22:15,019
WHERE MOST FIBROIDS GROW AND

7552
04:22:15,086 --> 04:22:17,188
DEVELOP AND A LOT OF THESE

7553
04:22:17,254 --> 04:22:18,622
EXISTING RESOURCES HAVE

7554
04:22:18,689 --> 04:22:19,723
ENDOMETRIAL TISSUE WHICH IS

7555
04:22:19,790 --> 04:22:21,459
RELEVANT FOR MY WORK.

7556
04:22:21,525 --> 04:22:23,294
PLACENTAL TISSUE ALSO REQUIRES

7557
04:22:23,360 --> 04:22:25,196
CAREFUL EXCISION OF BOTH

7558
04:22:25,262 --> 04:22:25,963
MATERNAL AND FETAL COMPONENTS OF

7559
04:22:26,030 --> 04:22:30,067
THE TISSUE, SINCE THE GENETICS

7560
04:22:30,134 --> 04:22:31,535
THAT DETERMINE THE TISSUE OFF

7561
04:22:31,602 --> 04:22:32,536
BOTH OF THOSE SIDES HAVE

7562
04:22:32,603 --> 04:22:33,404
DIFFERENT ORIGINS.

7563
04:22:33,471 --> 04:22:35,439
AND TO DO AN ATLAS, YOU NEED

7564
04:22:35,506 --> 04:22:37,975
BOTH RNA AND DNA COLLECTED FOR

7565
04:22:38,042 --> 04:22:40,811
THE SAME INDIVIDUAL.

7566
04:22:40,878 --> 04:22:41,912
SO THERE'S MULTIPLE GROUPS

7567
04:22:41,979 --> 04:22:42,980
WORKING ON THIS INCLUDING GROUPS

7568
04:22:43,047 --> 04:22:46,517
HERE AND ELSEWHERE, AND THIS

7569
04:22:46,584 --> 04:22:47,618
PROVIDES A LOT OF OPPORTUNITIES

7570
04:22:47,685 --> 04:22:48,786
FOR US TO DEVELOP RESOURCE FOR

7571
04:22:48,853 --> 04:22:50,754
THE BROADER RESEARCH COMMUNITY.

7572
04:22:50,821 --> 04:22:53,290
GETTING THESE VERY CAREFULLY

7573
04:22:53,357 --> 04:22:54,925
CRAFTED ATLASES FROM VARIOUS

7574
04:22:54,992 --> 04:22:58,963
REPRODUCTIVE TISSUE TYPES.

7575
04:22:59,029 --> 04:23:00,464
AND THESE ATLASES PROVIDE

7576
04:23:00,531 --> 04:23:01,232
OPPORTUNITIES FOR A LOT OF

7577
04:23:01,298 --> 04:23:01,899
DIFFERENT THINGS.

7578
04:23:01,966 --> 04:23:05,469
SO WHAT WE DO IS WE DO WORK TO

7579
04:23:05,536 --> 04:23:06,804
BUILD UPON WHAT GTEX HAS DONE,

7580
04:23:06,871 --> 04:23:09,440
WHICH IS WE BUILD MODELS THAT

7581
04:23:09,507 --> 04:23:12,977
CAN HELP US PREDICT TRAIT GENE

7582
04:23:13,043 --> 04:23:17,648
EXPRESSION USING EQTL ATLAS WITH

7583
04:23:17,715 --> 04:23:18,616
LINKED GENE EXPRESSION DATA.

7584
04:23:18,682 --> 04:23:20,151
SO THE IDEA IS WE HAVE THESE

7585
04:23:20,217 --> 04:23:21,819
ATLASES AND WE CAN IMPUTE OR

7586
04:23:21,886 --> 04:23:25,122
PREDICT GENE EXPRESSION FROM

7587
04:23:25,189 --> 04:23:26,991
GENOME-WIDE DATA USING THOSE

7588
04:23:27,057 --> 04:23:27,958
EQTLs, AND THAT'S WHAT PEOPLE

7589
04:23:28,025 --> 04:23:29,293
HAVE BEEN DOING QUITE A BIT OF

7590
04:23:29,360 --> 04:23:31,028
TIME ACROSS OTHER TISSUE TYPES

7591
04:23:31,095 --> 04:23:33,330
WHO ARE INVOLVED IN THE GTEX

7592
04:23:33,397 --> 04:23:33,664
CONSORTIUM.

7593
04:23:33,731 --> 04:23:36,734
SO WE CONDUCT GENETICALLY

7594
04:23:36,800 --> 04:23:38,369
PREDICTED GENE EXPRESSION

7595
04:23:38,435 --> 04:23:40,471
ANALYSES SECONDARY TO PRIMARY

7596
04:23:40,538 --> 04:23:41,906
GENOME-WIDE STUDIES OR WHOLE

7597
04:23:41,972 --> 04:23:43,073
GENOME SEQUENCING STUDIES.

7598
04:23:43,140 --> 04:23:46,110
AND THE IDEA IS THAT WE CAN USE

7599
04:23:46,177 --> 04:23:47,878
THESE ATLASES FOR GWASs THAT

7600
04:23:47,945 --> 04:23:49,380
ARE DONE FOR PEDIATRIC AND ADULT

7601
04:23:49,446 --> 04:23:50,714
OUTCOMES TO SEE IF THERE'S ANY

7602
04:23:50,781 --> 04:23:51,715
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THESE

7603
04:23:51,782 --> 04:23:54,485
OUTCOMES AND PLACENTAL

7604
04:23:54,552 --> 04:23:55,419
EXPRESSION TO PROVIDE

7605
04:23:55,486 --> 04:23:56,620
POTENTIALLY NEW CANDIDATES FOR

7606
04:23:56,687 --> 04:23:59,023
FURTHER DEEPER FOLLOW-UP OR FOR

7607
04:23:59,089 --> 04:24:00,691
FRESH TISSUE COLLECTION WHERE

7608
04:24:00,758 --> 04:24:02,193
YOU WANT TO DO A TARGETED

7609
04:24:02,259 --> 04:24:03,527
HYPOTHESIS.

7610
04:24:03,594 --> 04:24:05,696
AND SO WHAT WE'VE BEEN DOING IS

7611
04:24:05,763 --> 04:24:08,766
WE'VE BEEN COLLECTING PLACENTAL

7612
04:24:08,832 --> 04:24:10,201
TISSUE, GETTING MATERNAL AND

7613
04:24:10,267 --> 04:24:11,735
FETAL COMPONENTS, LOOKING AT

7614
04:24:11,802 --> 04:24:15,539
SOME SINGLE CELL TYPES FROM THE

7615
04:24:15,606 --> 04:24:16,740
PLACENTA, ALSO GETTING BULK

7616
04:24:16,807 --> 04:24:17,741
TISSUE, AND WE'VE BEEN

7617
04:24:17,808 --> 04:24:18,943
EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP

7618
04:24:19,009 --> 04:24:22,012
BETWEEN ADULT DISEASES AND

7619
04:24:22,079 --> 04:24:23,647
EQTLs FROM PLACENTA TISSUE.

7620
04:24:23,714 --> 04:24:26,784
THE CORE IDEA IS THAT PLACENTAL

7621
04:24:26,850 --> 04:24:30,321
PREDICTED GENE EXPRESSION, WHEN

7622
04:24:30,387 --> 04:24:33,157
YOU HAVE AN EQTL ATLAS, CAN BE

7623
04:24:33,224 --> 04:24:35,459
USED WITH GWAS DATA FROM ADULT

7624
04:24:35,526 --> 04:24:37,194
INDIVIDUALS BECAUSE THEIR DNA IS

7625
04:24:37,261 --> 04:24:38,295
UNCHANGING, THEIR GERMLINE DNA,

7626
04:24:38,362 --> 04:24:39,930
SO YOU CAN PRETTY MUCH IMPUTE

7627
04:24:39,997 --> 04:24:41,799
AND PREDICT WHAT THE PLACENTAL

7628
04:24:41,865 --> 04:24:43,100
GENE EXPRESSION WAS WITH THESE

7629
04:24:43,167 --> 04:24:47,938
ATLASES.

7630
04:24:48,005 --> 04:24:50,774
SO AS I MENTIONED, SO WE'VE BEEN

7631
04:24:50,841 --> 04:24:52,509
DOING BANKING FOR VARIOUS TISSUE

7632
04:24:52,576 --> 04:24:54,712
TYPES FROM THE PLACENTA, AND

7633
04:24:54,778 --> 04:24:56,780
WHAT WE'RE INTERESTED IN IS

7634
04:24:56,847 --> 04:24:58,749
DOING ATLASES TO CONDUCT

7635
04:24:58,816 --> 04:24:59,850
MULTI-TRAIT EVALUATIONS OF

7636
04:24:59,917 --> 04:25:01,151
PLACENTAL PREDICTED GENE

7637
04:25:01,218 --> 04:25:02,486
EXPRESSION, SO LOOKING ACROSS

7638
04:25:02,553 --> 04:25:03,988
THE -- WE HAVE ALL THIS GWAS

7639
04:25:04,054 --> 04:25:08,626
DATA SITTING AROUND FOR VARIOUS

7640
04:25:08,692 --> 04:25:10,027
STUDIES, INCLUDING UK BIOBANK

7641
04:25:10,094 --> 04:25:11,996
THAT HAS ITS OWN DATABASE OF

7642
04:25:12,062 --> 04:25:14,064
GWAS DATA ACROSS MANY ICD-9

7643
04:25:14,131 --> 04:25:15,599
CODES AND DISEASES, AND WE WANT

7644
04:25:15,666 --> 04:25:17,234
TO SEE CAN WE USE THESE ATLASES

7645
04:25:17,301 --> 04:25:19,970
TO SEE IF THERE'S UNKNOWN

7646
04:25:20,037 --> 04:25:23,140
RELATIONSHIPS WITH ADULT

7647
04:25:23,207 --> 04:25:24,575
DISEASES AND PLACENTAL

7648
04:25:24,642 --> 04:25:24,875
EXPRESSION.

7649
04:25:24,942 --> 04:25:25,876
THAT'S KIND OF OUR BIGGER

7650
04:25:25,943 --> 04:25:26,877
PICTURE AND WE'VE BEEN DOING IT

7651
04:25:26,944 --> 04:25:28,946
FROM A SMALL SCALE AND GROWING

7652
04:25:29,013 --> 04:25:31,682
UP WITH IT, AND OUR SECOND GOAL

7653
04:25:31,749 --> 04:25:33,851
IS TO LOOK AT MEDICATION

7654
04:25:33,917 --> 04:25:34,952
EXPOSURES DURING PREGNANCY AND

7655
04:25:35,019 --> 04:25:36,487
THE PLACENTAL TRANSCRIPTOME, SO

7656
04:25:36,553 --> 04:25:37,755
THAT'S A SECONDARY RESEARCH

7657
04:25:37,821 --> 04:25:38,789
PROJECT WE'VE BEEN DOING WITH

7658
04:25:38,856 --> 04:25:40,658
THIS.

7659
04:25:40,724 --> 04:25:44,028
LOOKING AT EVALUATION OF GWAS

7660
04:25:44,094 --> 04:25:45,796
FROM JUG-BASED PHENOTYPES AND

7661
04:25:45,863 --> 04:25:47,531
LOOKING AT PLACENTAL EXPRESSION.

7662
04:25:47,598 --> 04:25:50,968
AND TO DO THIS WORK, WE ARE

7663
04:25:51,035 --> 04:25:52,569
FOLLOWING THE SAME PIPELINE AND

7664
04:25:52,636 --> 04:25:55,739
FRAMEWORK THAT GTEX DOES.

7665
04:25:55,806 --> 04:25:58,042
AND I WILL SAY VANDERBILT HAS

7666
04:25:58,108 --> 04:25:59,476
NANCY COX AND A LOT OF

7667
04:25:59,543 --> 04:26:00,778
INVESTIGATORS FROM THE GTEX

7668
04:26:00,844 --> 04:26:02,179
CONSORTIUM, SO WE HAVE

7669
04:26:02,246 --> 04:26:03,514
ACCESSIBILITY TO A LOT OF OF THE

7670
04:26:03,580 --> 04:26:05,316
SOFTWARE AND USE THESE PIPELINES

7671
04:26:05,382 --> 04:26:06,116
QUITE A BIT.

7672
04:26:06,183 --> 04:26:15,759
BUT THE S-PREDIXCAN USES EQTL

7673
04:26:15,826 --> 04:26:17,961
MODELS, SO WE'VE BUILT MODELS

7674
04:26:18,028 --> 04:26:20,664
FROM SOME PUBLISHED REFERENCES

7675
04:26:20,731 --> 04:26:22,533
FOR PLACENTAS AND HAVE DONE SOME

7676
04:26:22,599 --> 04:26:23,634
PRELIMINARY PILOT WORK WITH THAT

7677
04:26:23,701 --> 04:26:26,670
WHILE WE DEVELOP OUR ATLASES.

7678
04:26:26,737 --> 04:26:29,139
AND IT UTILIZES SUMMARY ST

7679
04:26:29,206 --> 04:26:32,376
STATISTICS FROM R REGRESSION

7680
04:26:32,443 --> 04:26:34,044
ANALYSIS, AND THIS CAN USE

7681
04:26:34,111 --> 04:26:35,245
META-ANALYSIS RESULTS, BUT WE

7682
04:26:35,312 --> 04:26:36,880
CAN ALSO PREDICT INDIVIDUAL

7683
04:26:36,947 --> 04:26:40,017
LEVEL DATA IF WE NEED TO USING

7684
04:26:40,084 --> 04:26:44,955
THE PARENT SOFTWARE, PREDIXCAN.

7685
04:26:45,022 --> 04:26:45,923
FOR THE REST OF THE

7686
04:26:45,989 --> 04:26:46,824
PRESENTATION, I'M JUST GOING TO

7687
04:26:46,890 --> 04:26:49,460
WALK YOU THROUGH ONE EXAMPLE OF

7688
04:26:49,526 --> 04:26:52,730
APPLYING A PLACENTAL PREDICTED

7689
04:26:52,796 --> 04:26:56,433
GENE EXPRESSION MODEL TO AN

7690
04:26:56,500 --> 04:26:57,301
ADULT DISEASE.

7691
04:26:57,368 --> 04:26:58,635
NOT SO MUCH FOR THE RESULTS OF

7692
04:26:58,702 --> 04:27:00,070
THAT STUDY BUT SO THAT YOU CAN

7693
04:27:00,137 --> 04:27:01,238
SEE WHAT I'M TALKING ABOUT WHEN

7694
04:27:01,305 --> 04:27:02,673
I'M REFERRING TO THIS KIND OF

7695
04:27:02,740 --> 04:27:03,006
ANALYSIS.

7696
04:27:03,073 --> 04:27:05,175
SO WITH THIS EXAMPLE, WE'RE

7697
04:27:05,242 --> 04:27:06,777
LOOKING AT ADULT OBESITY AND

7698
04:27:06,844 --> 04:27:07,311
BLOOD PRESSURE TRAITS.

7699
04:27:07,378 --> 04:27:11,882
WE LOOKED AT THIS BECAUSE

7700
04:27:11,949 --> 04:27:15,252
DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION AND

7701
04:27:15,319 --> 04:27:21,925
DISREGULATED METHYLATION IN

7702
04:27:21,992 --> 04:27:24,661
PLACENTA IS ASSOCIATED WITH RISK

7703
04:27:24,728 --> 04:27:25,863
FOR PRE-ECLAMPSIA WE WANTED TO

7704
04:27:25,929 --> 04:27:27,731
SEE DOES THIS TRANSLATE TO

7705
04:27:27,798 --> 04:27:30,467
EFFECTS WE SEE IN ADULT OBESITY

7706
04:27:30,534 --> 04:27:33,871
AND ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE.

7707
04:27:33,937 --> 04:27:36,039
SO WE EVALUATED THE RELATIONSHIP

7708
04:27:36,106 --> 04:27:37,241
BETWEEN ADULT BLOOD PRESSURE

7709
04:27:37,307 --> 04:27:41,512
TRAITS, OBESITY AND PLACENTAL

7710
04:27:41,578 --> 04:27:43,914
GENETICALLY PREDICTED GENE

7711
04:27:43,981 --> 04:27:45,549
EXPRESSION WITH TISSUE PHENOTYPE

7712
04:27:45,616 --> 04:27:46,517
ASSOCIATIONS UNIQUE TO THE

7713
04:27:46,583 --> 04:27:46,884
PLACENTA.

7714
04:27:46,950 --> 04:27:49,353
SO WE LOOKED ACROSS ALL OF THE

7715
04:27:49,420 --> 04:27:51,121
GTEX TISSUES, PREDICTED GENE

7716
04:27:51,188 --> 04:27:51,989
EXPRESSION, THEN WE WANTED TO

7717
04:27:52,055 --> 04:27:53,490
SEE ARE THERE RELATIONSHIPS THAT

7718
04:27:53,557 --> 04:27:55,192
ARE SPECIFIC TO PLACENTAL GENE

7719
04:27:55,259 --> 04:27:57,261
EXPRESSION AND THESE TRAITS?

7720
04:27:57,327 --> 04:28:01,532
TO DO THIS, WE USED SUMMARY

7721
04:28:01,598 --> 04:28:09,406
STATISTICS FR THAT HAD SYSTOLIC,

7722
04:28:09,473 --> 04:28:11,141
DIASTOLIC AND PULSE PRESSURE

7723
04:28:11,208 --> 04:28:11,675
GENETIC DATA.

7724
04:28:11,742 --> 04:28:16,613
WE DEVELOPED A MODEL FROM A

7725
04:28:16,680 --> 04:28:19,917
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE EQTL ATLAS

7726
04:28:19,983 --> 04:28:21,418
FROM 2018 THAT WAS SPECIFIC TO

7727
04:28:21,485 --> 04:28:25,389
FETAL PLACENTAL TISSUE, AND WE

7728
04:28:25,456 --> 04:28:26,356
USED EXISTING MODELS AT THE TIME

7729
04:28:26,423 --> 04:28:28,859
OF THIS ANALYSIS FROM TB. TEXT

7730
04:28:28,926 --> 04:28:31,895
FOR SEVEN TISSUE TYPES.

7731
04:28:31,962 --> 04:28:33,363
NOT SEVEN TISSUE TYPES.

7732
04:28:33,430 --> 04:28:36,333
VERSION 7, 48 TISSUE TYPES, AND

7733
04:28:36,400 --> 04:28:39,369
WE APPLIED PREDIXCAN.

7734
04:28:39,436 --> 04:28:41,438
THE SUMMARY STEPS CAME FROM

7735
04:28:41,505 --> 04:28:42,105
ADULTS 18 AND OLDER.

7736
04:28:42,172 --> 04:28:47,244
THERE WAS APPROXIMATELY 339,000

7737
04:28:47,311 --> 04:28:49,213
INDIVIDUALS WITH BMI DATA WE HAD

7738
04:28:49,279 --> 04:28:51,615
SUMMARY STEPS ON, AND 776,000

7739
04:28:51,682 --> 04:28:54,885
FOR THE BLOOD PRESSURE TRAITS.

7740
04:28:54,952 --> 04:28:55,986
FOR THOSE WHO AREN'T FAMILIAR

7741
04:28:56,053 --> 04:28:57,754
WITH THESE KINDS OF PLOTS WHICH

7742
04:28:57,821 --> 04:28:58,956
I'M SURE A LOT OF YOU ARE

7743
04:28:59,022 --> 04:29:00,824
BECAUSE I KNOW A LOT OF YOU DO

7744
04:29:00,891 --> 04:29:02,226
GENOMIC DATA ANALYSIS, THIS IS A

7745
04:29:02,292 --> 04:29:02,559
MIAMI PLOT.

7746
04:29:02,626 --> 04:29:04,828
WHAT YOU SEE IS A MIRROR OF THE

7747
04:29:04,895 --> 04:29:06,063
GET WAS PLOTS ON THE BOTTOM AND

7748
04:29:06,129 --> 04:29:07,931
THE PREDICTED GENE EXPRESSION ON

7749
04:29:07,998 --> 04:29:13,837
THE TOP, AND ON THE Y --

7750
04:29:13,904 --> 04:29:14,371
CHROMOSOME POSITION AT THE

7751
04:29:14,438 --> 04:29:14,805
BOTTOM.

7752
04:29:14,872 --> 04:29:20,143
IN OUR BMI ANALYSES, WE FOUND 7E

7753
04:29:20,210 --> 04:29:21,578
TO PLACENTAL TISSUE GENE

7754
04:29:21,645 --> 04:29:24,882
EXPRESSION.

7755
04:29:24,948 --> 04:29:26,149
NOATDABLE AMONG THAT WAS THIS

7756
04:29:26,216 --> 04:29:28,785
ONE GENE, THAT HAD PREVIOUSLY

7757
04:29:28,852 --> 04:29:30,888
ASSOCIATED WITH PREECLAMPSIA AND

7758
04:29:30,954 --> 04:29:34,391
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLAST DISEASE.

7759
04:29:34,458 --> 04:29:36,260
IN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE

7760
04:29:36,326 --> 04:29:37,494
ANALYSES, WE OBSERVED FOUR

7761
04:29:37,561 --> 04:29:38,595
UNIQUE ASSOCIATIONS, DIASTOLIC

7762
04:29:38,662 --> 04:29:40,230
BLOOD PRESSURE WE OBSERVED THREE

7763
04:29:40,297 --> 04:29:43,233
UNIQUE ASSOCIATIONS, AND PULSE

7764
04:29:43,300 --> 04:29:43,734
PRESSURE, SEVEN UNIQUE

7765
04:29:43,800 --> 04:29:45,102
ASSOCIATIONS TO THE PLACENTA.

7766
04:29:45,168 --> 04:29:47,971
WHEN WE LOOKED ACROSS THESE

7767
04:29:48,038 --> 04:29:50,674
TISSUES, THESE TRAITS, WE SAW

7768
04:29:50,741 --> 04:29:52,175
WITH PULSE PRESSURE AND SYSTOLIC

7769
04:29:52,242 --> 04:29:55,245
BLOOD PRESSURE, THE FGFR1 GENE

7770
04:29:55,312 --> 04:29:59,550
WAS OBSERVED IN BOTH, AND IT HAD

7771
04:29:59,616 --> 04:30:01,385
ASSOCIATED PREVIOUSLY WITH

7772
04:30:01,451 --> 04:30:02,619
TROPHOBLAST EXPRESSION AND

7773
04:30:02,686 --> 04:30:03,687
PREECLAMPSIA, WHICH WE THOUGHT

7774
04:30:03,754 --> 04:30:05,022
WAS VERY INTERESTING.

7775
04:30:05,088 --> 04:30:08,725
AND IN CONCLUSION, WE WERE ABLE

7776
04:30:08,792 --> 04:30:11,795
TO IDENTIFY SEVERAL GENES FROM

7777
04:30:11,862 --> 04:30:13,664
THIS PREDICTED GENE EXPRESSION

7778
04:30:13,730 --> 04:30:15,299
ANALYSIS THAT WERE UNIQUE TO

7779
04:30:15,365 --> 04:30:18,902
PLACENTAL TISSUE ACROSS THESE

7780
04:30:18,969 --> 04:30:21,071
TRAITS WITH TWO NOTABLE GENES

7781
04:30:21,138 --> 04:30:24,374
ASSOCIATED WITH BMI, EXPRESSED

7782
04:30:24,441 --> 04:30:25,709
NEARLY EXCLUSIVELY IN PLACENTA

7783
04:30:25,776 --> 04:30:27,477
AND NEARBY ASSOCIATIONS WITH BMI

7784
04:30:27,544 --> 04:30:28,979
THAT HAVE BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO

7785
04:30:29,046 --> 04:30:30,681
OTHER GENES, PREVIOUSLY

7786
04:30:30,747 --> 04:30:32,249
ASSOCIATED WITH PREECLAMPSIA

7787
04:30:32,316 --> 04:30:35,385
RISK, AND THE FGFR1 THAT WAS

7788
04:30:35,452 --> 04:30:36,820
PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH

7789
04:30:36,887 --> 04:30:38,255
PREECLAMPSIA ASSOCIATED WITH

7790
04:30:38,322 --> 04:30:39,756
THESE TWO TRAITS.

7791
04:30:39,823 --> 04:30:41,758
BUT THOSE RESULTS AREN'T WHAT IS

7792
04:30:41,825 --> 04:30:42,492
INTERESTING, IT'S JUST THE

7793
04:30:42,559 --> 04:30:43,760
APPROACH OF IDENTIFYING NOVEL

7794
04:30:43,827 --> 04:30:45,696
GENES THAT MIGHT INDICATE

7795
04:30:45,762 --> 04:30:46,763
INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION OF

7796
04:30:46,830 --> 04:30:48,632
GENE EXPRESSION IN PLACENTAL

7797
04:30:48,699 --> 04:30:50,067
TISSUE MAY PERCEIVE ONSET OF

7798
04:30:50,133 --> 04:30:55,238
SOME OF THESE ADULT DISEASES.

7799
04:30:55,305 --> 04:30:56,673
SO WHAT WE'RE CURRENTLY DOING

7800
04:30:56,740 --> 04:30:59,943
NOW IS BUILDING NEW ATLASES.

7801
04:31:00,010 --> 04:31:01,878
WE HAVE SEVERAL IN PROCESS THAT

7802
04:31:01,945 --> 04:31:04,047
WERE IN THE MIDDLE OF ANALYZING

7803
04:31:04,114 --> 04:31:05,816
WITH THE GOAL OF REDEPOSITING

7804
04:31:05,882 --> 04:31:07,584
INTO THESE DATABASES INCLUDING

7805
04:31:07,651 --> 04:31:10,887
DATABASES LIKE THOSE DESCRIBED

7806
04:31:10,954 --> 04:31:11,121
TODAY.

7807
04:31:11,188 --> 04:31:14,291
WE'RE USING THOSE TO USE

7808
04:31:14,358 --> 04:31:14,858
PHENOM-WIDE ASSOCIATION

7809
04:31:14,925 --> 04:31:16,193
APPROACHES TO BROADLY SCAN

7810
04:31:16,259 --> 04:31:17,594
ACROSS THESE DATABASES THAT

7811
04:31:17,661 --> 04:31:19,730
HAVING A GATS OF A LOT OF

7812
04:31:19,796 --> 04:31:21,698
GENOME-WIDE DATA TO BETTER

7813
04:31:21,765 --> 04:31:23,200
UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF

7814
04:31:23,266 --> 04:31:23,867
PLACENTAL EXPRESSION ON

7815
04:31:23,934 --> 04:31:26,536
CHILDHOOD AND ADULT DISEASES.

7816
04:31:26,603 --> 04:31:28,071
WE'RE DEVELOPING SOME SINGLE

7817
04:31:28,138 --> 04:31:31,375
CELL EQTL ATLASES CURRENTLY

7818
04:31:31,441 --> 04:31:35,178
WORKING WITH FETAL

7819
04:31:35,245 --> 04:31:36,246
CYTOTROPHOBLAST MODELS THAT WE

7820
04:31:36,313 --> 04:31:38,649
ARE ALMOST DONE DEVELOPING AND

7821
04:31:38,715 --> 04:31:39,850
WE'RE PLANNING ON USING ALL OF

7822
04:31:39,916 --> 04:31:42,486
THIS DATA TO ALSO ASSESS WITH

7823
04:31:42,552 --> 04:31:43,920
PATHWAY METHODS WHETHER THERE'S

7824
04:31:43,987 --> 04:31:46,657
MECHANISMS THAT ARE COMMON

7825
04:31:46,723 --> 04:31:49,893
ACROSS TRAITS WITH REGARDS TO

7826
04:31:49,960 --> 04:31:50,560
PLACENTAL PREDICTED GENE

7827
04:31:50,627 --> 04:31:55,265
EXPRESSION.

7828
04:31:55,332 --> 04:31:56,500
THAT'S JUST KIND OF A SUMMARY OF

7829
04:31:56,566 --> 04:31:57,668
HOW WE'RE APPLYING SOME OF THESE

7830
04:31:57,734 --> 04:31:59,136
TOOLS AND DEVELOPING TOOLS WE

7831
04:31:59,202 --> 04:32:01,872
WANT TO MAKE PART OF THE BROADER

7832
04:32:01,938 --> 04:32:03,573
RESEARCH COMMUNITY.

7833
04:32:03,640 --> 04:32:07,210
I'D LIKE TO ACKNOWLEDGE MY

7834
04:32:07,277 --> 04:32:09,246
RESEARCH TEAM, AND THAT'S MY

7835
04:32:09,312 --> 04:32:18,388
PRESENTATION.

7836
04:32:18,455 --> 04:32:19,122
>> THANK YOU.

7837
04:32:19,189 --> 04:32:22,959
OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS DR. NIMA

7838
04:32:23,026 --> 04:32:23,627
AGHAEEPOUR FROM STANFORD

7839
04:32:23,694 --> 04:32:24,695
UNIVERSITY.

7840
04:32:24,761 --> 04:32:27,531
HE IS GOING TO BE SPEAKING ON

7841
04:32:27,597 --> 04:32:29,833
A.I.-DRIVEN INTEGRATION OF OMICS

7842
04:32:29,900 --> 04:32:32,169
AND HER DATA FOR MATERNAL AND

7843
04:32:32,235 --> 04:32:34,805
CHILD HEALTH.

7844
04:32:34,871 --> 04:32:38,508
>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

7845
04:32:38,575 --> 04:32:40,043
OUR HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS ARE

7846
04:32:40,110 --> 04:32:40,811
CURRENTLY FRAGMENTED.

7847
04:32:40,877 --> 04:32:46,383
WE HAVE OUR OBs WHO TAKE CARE

7848
04:32:46,450 --> 04:32:48,518
OF THE MOMS AND ONCE THE BABY IS

7849
04:32:48,585 --> 04:32:50,921
BORN WE HAVE THE NEONATOLOGIST

7850
04:32:50,987 --> 04:32:52,723
AND PEDIATRICIANS COMING BUT

7851
04:32:52,789 --> 04:32:53,390
SCIENTIFICALLY WE KNOW WE NEED

7852
04:32:53,457 --> 04:32:56,426
TO STUDY THE MOTHER AND THE BABY

7853
04:32:56,493 --> 04:32:58,962
AS A DYAD, AS ONE UNIT, AND THAT

7854
04:32:59,029 --> 04:33:00,797
IS WHAT OUR LAB DOES.

7855
04:33:00,864 --> 04:33:02,566
WE ARE PHYSICALLY LOCATED

7856
04:33:02,632 --> 04:33:04,768
BETWEEN THE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

7857
04:33:04,835 --> 04:33:06,837
AND ADULTS' HOSPITAL, AND WE USE

7858
04:33:06,903 --> 04:33:08,472
VARIOUS MACHINE LEARNING AND

7859
04:33:08,538 --> 04:33:10,006
A.I. TECHNIQUES AS WELL AS

7860
04:33:10,073 --> 04:33:11,675
BIOLOGY TO STUDY MATERNAL AND

7861
04:33:11,742 --> 04:33:15,912
CHILD HEALTH AS A SINGLE UNIT.

7862
04:33:15,979 --> 04:33:17,214
FROM A TECHNOLOGY PERSPECTIVE,

7863
04:33:17,280 --> 04:33:19,416
WE ALSO ARE AT THE CROSSROADS OF

7864
04:33:19,483 --> 04:33:22,452
VARIABLE DEVICES, PHENOTYPICAL

7865
04:33:22,519 --> 04:33:23,353
INFORMATION FROM ELECTRONIC

7866
04:33:23,420 --> 04:33:24,755
HEALTH RECORDS AND MULTI-OMICS

7867
04:33:24,821 --> 04:33:25,021
ANALYSIS.

7868
04:33:25,088 --> 04:33:26,089
I'M GOING TO GIVE YOU AN

7869
04:33:26,156 --> 04:33:27,424
OVERVIEW OF ALL OF THAT.

7870
04:33:27,491 --> 04:33:28,759
ONE OF THE EARLIEST STUDIES THAT

7871
04:33:28,825 --> 04:33:31,461
WE DID WAS FOCUSED ON JUST

7872
04:33:31,528 --> 04:33:33,196
DEFINING NORMAL DYNAMIC CHANGES

7873
04:33:33,263 --> 04:33:34,498
DURING THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY,

7874
04:33:34,564 --> 04:33:36,933
BECAUSE IF YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND

7875
04:33:37,000 --> 04:33:38,568
NORMAL, YOU CAN'T UNDERSTAND

7876
04:33:38,635 --> 04:33:39,102
ABNORMAL.

7877
04:33:39,169 --> 04:33:41,204
THIS WAS A SINGLE CELL TYPE

7878
04:33:41,271 --> 04:33:47,010
ASSAY USING AN AMPED UP FLOW --

7879
04:33:47,077 --> 04:33:48,912
TO MEASURE MILLIONS OF CELLS PER

7880
04:33:48,979 --> 04:33:49,479
PATIENT.

7881
04:33:49,546 --> 04:33:50,380
BUT THESE CELLS DON'T LIVE IN

7882
04:33:50,447 --> 04:33:50,914
ISOLATION.

7883
04:33:50,981 --> 04:33:52,115
THEY INTERACT WITH OTHER BUY

7884
04:33:52,182 --> 04:33:53,283
LOGICAL MODALITIES.

7885
04:33:53,350 --> 04:33:56,553
THEY INTERACT WITH CELL FREE

7886
04:33:56,620 --> 04:33:57,587
TRANSCRIPTOMICS WHICH YOU'VE

7887
04:33:57,654 --> 04:33:59,756
HEARD ABOUT TODAY, PROTEOMICS

7888
04:33:59,823 --> 04:34:00,724
DATA, METABOLOMICS, VARIOUS

7889
04:34:00,791 --> 04:34:02,492
ASPECTS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AT

7890
04:34:02,559 --> 04:34:04,895
A SINGLE CELL LEVEL, MICROBIOME

7891
04:34:04,961 --> 04:34:06,429
DATA AND PLASMA AND SERUM

7892
04:34:06,496 --> 04:34:06,930
CYTOKINES.

7893
04:34:06,997 --> 04:34:08,298
WHEN YOU TAKE A COHORT OF

7894
04:34:08,365 --> 04:34:10,934
PREGNANT WOMEN AND YOU LOOK AT

7895
04:34:11,001 --> 04:34:12,135
MULTI-OMICS DATASET LIKE THIS,

7896
04:34:12,202 --> 04:34:14,337
THE FIRST QUESTION IS WHAT

7897
04:34:14,404 --> 04:34:15,272
CORRELATES WITH WHAT, AND IT

7898
04:34:15,338 --> 04:34:16,873
TURNS OUT THAT A LOT OF THINGS

7899
04:34:16,940 --> 04:34:18,275
CORRELATE WITH EACH OTHER.

7900
04:34:18,341 --> 04:34:19,609
IT'S NOT PARTICULARLY USEFUL.

7901
04:34:19,676 --> 04:34:22,012
YOU HAVE TO GO INTO MORE

7902
04:34:22,078 --> 04:34:22,879
SYSTEMATIC PREDICTIVE MODELING

7903
04:34:22,946 --> 04:34:23,680
TO FIND SOMETHING.

7904
04:34:23,747 --> 04:34:25,615
IF YOU THROW ALL OF THESE INTO A

7905
04:34:25,682 --> 04:34:27,617
LINEAR MODEL WITH A GOAL OF

7906
04:34:27,684 --> 04:34:28,952
ESTIMATING GESTATIONAL AGE AS A

7907
04:34:29,019 --> 04:34:30,554
SURROGATE FOR PROGRESSION OF

7908
04:34:30,620 --> 04:34:32,088
PREGNANCY, IT TURNS OUT THAT

7909
04:34:32,155 --> 04:34:34,825
MOST OF THE FEATURES THAT GET

7910
04:34:34,891 --> 04:34:36,827
SELECTED ARE COMING EITHER FROM

7911
04:34:36,893 --> 04:34:39,329
THE CELL FREE RNA DATASET OR THE

7912
04:34:39,396 --> 04:34:40,130
MICROBIOME DATASET.

7913
04:34:40,197 --> 04:34:43,667
THIS WAS SURPRISING TO US

7914
04:34:43,733 --> 04:34:45,068
BECAUSE SOME OF OUR OTHER ASIS

7915
04:34:45,135 --> 04:34:46,570
WE EXPECTED ARE MORE EXPENSIVE,

7916
04:34:46,636 --> 04:34:48,104
MORE COMPLEX, HAVE MORE PRIOR

7917
04:34:48,171 --> 04:34:49,406
KNOWLEDGE, WE EXPECTED THEM TO

7918
04:34:49,472 --> 04:34:49,840
DO BETTER.

7919
04:34:49,906 --> 04:34:52,943
IT TURNS OUT THAT SIZE IS

7920
04:34:53,009 --> 04:34:55,345
IMPORTANT.

7921
04:34:55,412 --> 04:35:00,250
THESE LARGER MODALITIES -- IT'S

7922
04:35:00,317 --> 04:35:00,917
NOT JUST SIZE.

7923
04:35:00,984 --> 04:35:02,018
EVEN IF YOU GO BACK AND ADJUST

7924
04:35:02,085 --> 04:35:03,587
FOR SIZE, IT TURNS OUT THAT IT'S

7925
04:35:03,653 --> 04:35:04,955
NOT ENOUGH BECAUSE THE

7926
04:35:05,021 --> 04:35:06,289
MODULARITY OF THESE DATASETS ARE

7927
04:35:06,356 --> 04:35:07,490
ALSO DIFFERENT.

7928
04:35:07,557 --> 04:35:10,994
SOME OF THESE SMALL BUT HIGHLY

7929
04:35:11,061 --> 04:35:12,529
TARGETED CAREFULLY CURATED

7930
04:35:12,596 --> 04:35:14,164
DATASETS EVEN THOUGH THEY'RE

7931
04:35:14,231 --> 04:35:16,233
SMALL, THEY HAVE A LOT MORE

7932
04:35:16,299 --> 04:35:17,334
INFORMATION CONTENT IN THEM.

7933
04:35:17,400 --> 04:35:20,070
YOU NEED MORE PRINCIPAL

7934
04:35:20,136 --> 04:35:21,504
COMPONENTS TO MEASURE 90%

7935
04:35:21,571 --> 04:35:22,272
VARIANTS.

7936
04:35:22,339 --> 04:35:23,139
IT'S ONE THING TO MEASURE THE

7937
04:35:23,206 --> 04:35:24,774
SAME PATHWAY USING GENE AFTER

7938
04:35:24,841 --> 04:35:26,810
GENE, IT'S ANOTHER THING TO

7939
04:35:26,877 --> 04:35:28,712
DESIGN A CAREFUL ASSAY THAT

7940
04:35:28,778 --> 04:35:29,913
MEASURES THE KEY END POINTS OF

7941
04:35:29,980 --> 04:35:31,114
THE PATHWAYS.

7942
04:35:31,181 --> 04:35:32,983
SO A LOT OF THE WORK IN MY LAB

7943
04:35:33,049 --> 04:35:35,719
IS FOCUSED ON HOW DO WE BUILD

7944
04:35:35,785 --> 04:35:37,687
MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS THAT

7945
04:35:37,754 --> 04:35:38,989
CAN PULL INFORMATION ACROSS

7946
04:35:39,055 --> 04:35:41,925
VARIOUS LAYERS OF BIOLOGY AND

7947
04:35:41,992 --> 04:35:43,793
DON'T GET OVERRUN BY SIZE

7948
04:35:43,860 --> 04:35:46,429
MODULARITY OR OTHER

7949
04:35:46,496 --> 04:35:47,063
CHARACTERIZATIONS, AND THAT I

7950
04:35:47,130 --> 04:35:48,932
ALLOWS US TO BUILD MODELS THAT

7951
04:35:48,999 --> 04:35:49,733
CAN LOOK AT THE CONTRIBUTION OF

7952
04:35:49,799 --> 04:35:52,002
EACH OF THESE DIFFERENT

7953
04:35:52,068 --> 04:35:53,536
MODALITIES AND IMPORTANTLY PUT

7954
04:35:53,603 --> 04:35:58,008
THEM TOGETHER IN A WAY THAT CAN

7955
04:35:58,074 --> 04:35:59,009
HARMONIOUSLY INCREASE PREDICTIVE

7956
04:35:59,075 --> 04:35:59,376
POWER.

7957
04:35:59,442 --> 04:36:01,845
NOW THIS WAS OUR VERY FIRST

7958
04:36:01,912 --> 04:36:03,613
STUDY JUST 30 PREGNANT WOMEN AT

7959
04:36:03,680 --> 04:36:04,080
STANFORD.

7960
04:36:04,147 --> 04:36:06,249
NEXT WE PARTNERED WITH THE GATES

7961
04:36:06,316 --> 04:36:07,550
FOUNDATION TO SCALE THIS UP TO

7962
04:36:07,617 --> 04:36:10,520
LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES,

7963
04:36:10,587 --> 04:36:12,389
WE WENT TO FIVE COUNTRIES IN

7964
04:36:12,455 --> 04:36:14,591
SOUTHEAST ASIA AND AFRICA, AND

7965
04:36:14,658 --> 04:36:17,227
WE WENT UP FROM 33 PATIENTS NOW

7966
04:36:17,294 --> 04:36:18,728
TO 80 PATIENTS WITH THE GOAL OF

7967
04:36:18,795 --> 04:36:20,263
BUILDING A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR

7968
04:36:20,330 --> 04:36:21,364
PRETERM.

7969
04:36:21,431 --> 04:36:23,233
AND IT TURNS OUT THAT WE WERE

7970
04:36:23,300 --> 04:36:24,000
PRETTY SUCCESSFUL.

7971
04:36:24,067 --> 04:36:25,669
WE WERE ABLE TO PREDICT PRETERM

7972
04:36:25,735 --> 04:36:29,940
BIRTH USING A PLASMA SAMPLE

7973
04:36:30,006 --> 04:36:31,274
DRAWN IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF

7974
04:36:31,341 --> 04:36:32,008
PREGNANCY ALONE.

7975
04:36:32,075 --> 04:36:36,379
THE MODEL IS LOOKING AT A

7976
04:36:36,446 --> 04:36:40,116
PATHWAY MEASURED USING THE LCMS

7977
04:36:40,183 --> 04:36:41,952
METABOLOMICS PATHWAY NEXT TO THE

7978
04:36:42,018 --> 04:36:43,620
GROIT FACTOR IN BLOOD, IN

7979
04:36:43,687 --> 04:36:48,959
PLASMA, GCSF, REALLY A CLASSIC

7980
04:36:49,025 --> 04:36:51,261
TEXTBOOK MODULE OF PROTEINS.

7981
04:36:51,328 --> 04:36:52,595
AFTER THAT WE WERE ABLE TO SCALE

7982
04:36:52,662 --> 04:36:55,098
THIS UP NOW TO 250 PATIENTS, AND

7983
04:36:55,165 --> 04:36:57,734
WE WERE ABLE TO INTEGRATE IT

7984
04:36:57,801 --> 04:36:59,035
WITH EPIDEMIOLOGY LEVEL

7985
04:36:59,102 --> 04:37:02,339
INFORMATION, WHICH WE HAD ON

7986
04:37:02,405 --> 04:37:03,773
TENS OF THOUSANDS IN THE SAME

7987
04:37:03,840 --> 04:37:04,941
COUNTRIES, WE WERE ABLE TO SHOW

7988
04:37:05,008 --> 04:37:07,510
THAT NOT ONLY CAN WE PREDICT

7989
04:37:07,577 --> 04:37:09,145
PRETERM BIRTH BUT WE ARE ALSO

7990
04:37:09,212 --> 04:37:11,114
ABLE TO FIND SUBTYPES OF PRETERM

7991
04:37:11,181 --> 04:37:12,082
BIRTH THAT HAVE DIFFERENT

7992
04:37:12,148 --> 04:37:12,449
CHARACTERISTICS.

7993
04:37:12,515 --> 04:37:14,184
FOR EXAMPLE, PRETERM BIRTH

7994
04:37:14,250 --> 04:37:17,587
THAT'S DRIVEN BY HIGH BMI IS

7995
04:37:17,654 --> 04:37:18,655
BIOLOGICALLY COMPLETELY

7996
04:37:18,722 --> 04:37:19,756
DIFFERENT FROM PRETERM BIRTH

7997
04:37:19,823 --> 04:37:22,292
THAT IS DRIVEN BY POOR

7998
04:37:22,359 --> 04:37:23,593
NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN THE

7999
04:37:23,660 --> 04:37:23,960
MOTHER.

8000
04:37:24,027 --> 04:37:25,261
THIS CONFIRMS WHAT WE HAVE KNOWN

8001
04:37:25,328 --> 04:37:27,230
FOR A WHILE THAT PRETERM BIRTH

8002
04:37:27,297 --> 04:37:30,633
IS JUST A SYMPTOM -- IT'S A

8003
04:37:30,700 --> 04:37:32,469
COLLECTION OF CAUSES, NOT JUST

8004
04:37:32,535 --> 04:37:38,174
ONE CAUSE.

8005
04:37:38,241 --> 04:37:40,276
NOW WE HAVE DONE THE SAME THING

8006
04:37:40,343 --> 04:37:42,212
IN PREECLAMPSIA, A VERY SIMILAR

8007
04:37:42,278 --> 04:37:43,980
STORY YOU START FROM A MULTI-YOE

8008
04:37:44,047 --> 04:37:46,049
MIX DATASET, YOU NARROW IT DOWN

8009
04:37:46,116 --> 04:37:48,985
TO A SMALL URINE BASED AHSIEH

8010
04:37:49,052 --> 04:37:52,422
THAT CAN PREDICT PRE PREECLAMPSN

8011
04:37:52,489 --> 04:37:53,390
THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

8012
04:37:53,456 --> 04:37:54,924
BUT THAT'S NOT REALLY NEWS TO

8013
04:37:54,991 --> 04:37:55,692
THIS AUDIENCE.

8014
04:37:55,759 --> 04:37:57,661
THE NEXT STEP IS HOW DO YOU GO

8015
04:37:57,727 --> 04:37:59,262
BEYOND PREDICTION AND START

8016
04:37:59,329 --> 04:38:00,430
MODULATING THESE BIOLOGICAL

8017
04:38:00,497 --> 04:38:00,697
FINDINGS?

8018
04:38:00,764 --> 04:38:02,399
ONE WAY IS TO TAKE THE

8019
04:38:02,465 --> 04:38:03,666
PHARMACEUTICAL APPROACH WHICH

8020
04:38:03,733 --> 04:38:05,902
COMES WITH TOXICITY AND LOTS OF

8021
04:38:05,969 --> 04:38:07,203
EXPENDITURE AND IT MAY OR MAY

8022
04:38:07,270 --> 04:38:08,872
NOT WORK, BUT ONE OF THE AREAS

8023
04:38:08,938 --> 04:38:11,174
THAT I'M VERY INTERESTED IN IS

8024
04:38:11,241 --> 04:38:12,242
MODIFIABLE FACTORS.

8025
04:38:12,308 --> 04:38:15,111
WORKING WITH OUR COLLEAGUES AT

8026
04:38:15,178 --> 04:38:16,646
THE PREMATURITY RESEARCH CENTER

8027
04:38:16,713 --> 04:38:19,816
IN WASH-U, WE PUT WEARABLE

8028
04:38:19,883 --> 04:38:21,217
DEVICES ON MORE THAN 1500

8029
04:38:21,284 --> 04:38:22,986
PREGNANT WOMEN, AND WE TRACKED

8030
04:38:23,053 --> 04:38:24,754
THEIR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND

8031
04:38:24,821 --> 04:38:25,789
SLEEP DURING THE COURSE OF

8032
04:38:25,855 --> 04:38:26,956
PREGNANCY.

8033
04:38:27,023 --> 04:38:29,059
AND WE THREW ALL OF THAT INTO A

8034
04:38:29,125 --> 04:38:31,294
FANCY A.I. MODEL WITH INCEPTION

8035
04:38:31,361 --> 04:38:32,495
BLOCKS WITH THE GOAL OF SEEING

8036
04:38:32,562 --> 04:38:34,297
IF WE CAN BUILD A MODEL THAT CAN

8037
04:38:34,364 --> 04:38:36,933
TELL US HOW PREGNANT SOMEBODY IS

8038
04:38:37,000 --> 04:38:38,134
BY LOOKING AT THE SMART WATCH

8039
04:38:38,201 --> 04:38:39,502
DATA ALONE.

8040
04:38:39,569 --> 04:38:41,004
IT TURNS OUT WE CAN.

8041
04:38:41,071 --> 04:38:42,839
THIS IS GESTATIONAL AGE,

8042
04:38:42,906 --> 04:38:44,641
ESTIMATED GESTATIONAL AGE, WORKS

8043
04:38:44,707 --> 04:38:45,275
PRETTY WELL.

8044
04:38:45,341 --> 04:38:48,545
BUT THERE ARE THESE WOMEN WHO

8045
04:38:48,611 --> 04:38:55,151
LOOK VERY PREGNANT BY A.I. --

8046
04:38:55,218 --> 04:38:56,786
AND THE OPPOSITE, THEY'RE MOVING

8047
04:38:56,853 --> 04:38:58,855
A LOT AND SLEEPING WELL.

8048
04:38:58,922 --> 04:39:02,459
THE FIRST GROUP HAS AN ODDS

8049
04:39:02,525 --> 04:39:04,661
RATIO AND THE SECOND IS .5

8050
04:39:04,727 --> 04:39:06,329
PRETERM BIRTH SO POTENTIALLY A

8051
04:39:06,396 --> 04:39:11,134
50% REDUCTION IN PRETERM BIRTH

8052
04:39:11,201 --> 04:39:12,769
RATES, AND THE BEAUTIFUL THING

8053
04:39:12,836 --> 04:39:14,838
ABOUT THIS IS THAT WE HAVE A

8054
04:39:14,904 --> 04:39:16,172
BIOBANK FOR EVERY SINGLE ONE OF

8055
04:39:16,239 --> 04:39:18,374
THESE SAMPLES, WE ARE NOW

8056
04:39:18,441 --> 04:39:19,676
BUILDING THE OBVIOUS MODELS THAT

8057
04:39:19,742 --> 04:39:21,544
WE NEED TO BE BUILDING,

8058
04:39:21,611 --> 04:39:22,579
CONNECTING SLEEP TO PHYSICAL

8059
04:39:22,645 --> 04:39:24,614
ACTIVITY TO ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8060
04:39:24,681 --> 04:39:28,651
RECORDS, PREGNANCY OUTCOMES, MA

8061
04:39:28,718 --> 04:39:30,286
TABLEAU MIX AND PROTEOMICS TO

8062
04:39:30,353 --> 04:39:33,590
SEE IF WE CAN COME UP WITH A WAY

8063
04:39:33,656 --> 04:39:35,258
TO STIMULATE IN THE RIGHT

8064
04:39:35,325 --> 04:39:36,126
DIRECTION.

8065
04:39:36,192 --> 04:39:38,094
MOVING ON, PRETERM BIRTH ITSELF

8066
04:39:38,161 --> 04:39:40,830
IS TEE FINED AS GESTATIONAL AGE

8067
04:39:40,897 --> 04:39:42,365
UNDER 37 WEEKS, AND AS A

8068
04:39:42,432 --> 04:39:43,666
COMPUTER SCIENTIST, I HAVE TO

8069
04:39:43,733 --> 04:39:44,701
GOOGLE THIS ALL THE TIME, I

8070
04:39:44,768 --> 04:39:45,535
COULDN'T REMEMBER IT.

8071
04:39:45,602 --> 04:39:47,070
I ASSUMED THAT THERE IS A

8072
04:39:47,137 --> 04:39:49,172
MEDICAL OR BIOLOGICAL REASON

8073
04:39:49,239 --> 04:39:49,639
BEHIND IT.

8074
04:39:49,706 --> 04:39:51,307
IT TURNS OUT THAT IT COMES FROM

8075
04:39:51,374 --> 04:39:53,576
HISTORIC STUDIES, 50 YEARS AGO

8076
04:39:53,643 --> 04:39:56,012
IN GERMANY, THEY FIGURED OUT

8077
04:39:56,079 --> 04:39:57,847
THIS IS WHERE PRETERM BIRTH GOES

8078
04:39:57,914 --> 04:39:58,081
ON.

8079
04:39:58,148 --> 04:39:59,849
SO I STARTED THINKING THAT MAYBE

8080
04:39:59,916 --> 04:40:02,051
WE NEED TO REDEFINE THIS, MAYBE

8081
04:40:02,118 --> 04:40:04,787
WE NEED TO USE ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8082
04:40:04,854 --> 04:40:06,089
RECORDS TO LOOK AT WHAT WE TRULY

8083
04:40:06,156 --> 04:40:07,090
CARE ABOUT, WHICH IS THE HEALTH

8084
04:40:07,157 --> 04:40:09,826
OF THE CHILDREN, NOT SOME

8085
04:40:09,893 --> 04:40:10,793
ARBITRARY THRESHOLD THAT TELLS

8086
04:40:10,860 --> 04:40:13,029
US WHO GOES TO THE NICU AND WHO

8087
04:40:13,096 --> 04:40:13,563
DOESN'T.

8088
04:40:13,630 --> 04:40:15,298
SO WE USED A.I. TO BUILD A

8089
04:40:15,365 --> 04:40:16,933
BRIDGE BETWEEN THE CHILDREN'S

8090
04:40:17,000 --> 04:40:18,701
HOSPITAL AND THE ADULT HOSPITAL.

8091
04:40:18,768 --> 04:40:22,872
SO WE HAD DX WITH THESE WOMEN

8092
04:40:22,939 --> 04:40:23,973
LONG BEFORE THEY WERE EVEN

8093
04:40:24,040 --> 04:40:25,942
PREGNANT AND WE HAD LONG TERM

8094
04:40:26,009 --> 04:40:27,577
FOLLOW-UP ON THE NEWBORNS FROM

8095
04:40:27,644 --> 04:40:28,912
THE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL.

8096
04:40:28,978 --> 04:40:30,880
SO YOU INITIALLY HAVE THE

8097
04:40:30,947 --> 04:40:31,881
MOTHER'S ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8098
04:40:31,948 --> 04:40:33,516
RECORD BEGINS MANY YEARS AGO,

8099
04:40:33,583 --> 04:40:35,385
THEN THE NEWBORN IS BORN, YOU

8100
04:40:35,451 --> 04:40:38,321
GET THEIR ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8101
04:40:38,388 --> 04:40:39,756
RECORD, PUT THEM TOGETHER BEFORE

8102
04:40:39,822 --> 04:40:42,158
YOU CAN RUN NEURAL NETWORK AND

8103
04:40:42,225 --> 04:40:43,126
MAKE PREDICTIONS, YOU HAVE TO

8104
04:40:43,193 --> 04:40:44,594
DEAL WITH THE LONGITUDAL NATURE

8105
04:40:44,661 --> 04:40:45,328
OF IT.

8106
04:40:45,395 --> 04:40:49,399
WHICH WE DO USING LONG

8107
04:40:49,465 --> 04:40:51,034
SHORT-TERM MEMORY NEURAL

8108
04:40:51,100 --> 04:40:52,135
NETWORKS, WHICH WORK JUST LIKE

8109
04:40:52,202 --> 04:40:52,769
YOUR BRAIN.

8110
04:40:52,835 --> 04:40:54,871
WHEN YOU READ A BOOK, YOU DON'T

8111
04:40:54,938 --> 04:40:55,972
MEMORIZE THE ENTIRE BOOK.

8112
04:40:56,039 --> 04:40:56,973
YOU BRING THEM TO THE FUTURE

8113
04:40:57,040 --> 04:40:58,174
UNTIL YOU NEED TO MAKE A

8114
04:40:58,241 --> 04:40:58,675
PREDICTION.

8115
04:40:58,741 --> 04:41:00,043
SAME THING HERE, WE CAN'T

8116
04:41:00,109 --> 04:41:01,244
MEMORIZE EVERYBODY'S ELECTRONIC

8117
04:41:01,311 --> 04:41:02,345
HEALTH RECORD, WOULDN'T FIT INTO

8118
04:41:02,412 --> 04:41:04,214
OUR BIG E. COMPUTER, BUT WE CAN

8119
04:41:04,280 --> 04:41:05,315
GENERATE HIGH LEVEL CONCEPTS

8120
04:41:05,381 --> 04:41:08,151
THAT HUMANS WOULDN'T UNDERSTAND,

8121
04:41:08,218 --> 04:41:09,919
BUT A.I. CAN BRING IT INTO THE

8122
04:41:09,986 --> 04:41:11,221
FUTURE UNTIL IT NEEDS TO MAKE A

8123
04:41:11,287 --> 04:41:11,521
PREDICTION.

8124
04:41:11,588 --> 04:41:12,755
I'M NOT GOING TO SHOW YOU

8125
04:41:12,822 --> 04:41:13,656
PERFORMANCE METRICS.

8126
04:41:13,723 --> 04:41:18,161
WE HAVE COMPARED WI THIS WITH AR

8127
04:41:18,228 --> 04:41:19,429
SCORES, YOU CAN SEE THAT IN THE

8128
04:41:19,495 --> 04:41:20,797
PAPERS AND IT WORKS GREAT,

8129
04:41:20,863 --> 04:41:24,400
OTHERWISE I WON'T BE  WOULDN'T E

8130
04:41:24,467 --> 04:41:26,169
TELLING YOU ABOUT IT BUT HERE'S

8131
04:41:26,236 --> 04:41:29,772
AN EXAMPLE FROM ONE PATIENT.

8132
04:41:29,839 --> 04:41:30,573
NECROTIZING ANTERIOR COLITIS,

8133
04:41:30,640 --> 04:41:31,774
DIDN'T DIE, THAT'S GREAT, BUT

8134
04:41:31,841 --> 04:41:33,076
HERE IS SEPSIS.

8135
04:41:33,142 --> 04:41:36,279
THEY GOT SEPSIS AND HERE IS THE

8136
04:41:36,346 --> 04:41:38,548
PREDICTED OUT COME.

8137
04:41:38,615 --> 04:41:40,416
ALSO PREMATURITY AND A WHOLE

8138
04:41:40,483 --> 04:41:44,153
BUNCH OF OTHERS.

8139
04:41:44,220 --> 04:41:47,223
IMPORTANTLY, WE PREDICTED BEFORE

8140
04:41:47,290 --> 04:41:50,860
THE BABY WAS EVEN BORN, WHICH IS

8141
04:41:50,927 --> 04:41:51,728
BORDERLINE SCIENCE FICTION BUT

8142
04:41:51,794 --> 04:41:54,264
IT'S NOT, IT'S REAL, AND WE HAVE

8143
04:41:54,330 --> 04:41:55,898
VALIDATED THIS IN MULTIPLE

8144
04:41:55,965 --> 04:41:57,033
INDEPENDENT HOSPITALS WITHOUT

8145
04:41:57,100 --> 04:41:58,735
ANY INVOLVEMENT FROM US

8146
04:41:58,801 --> 04:42:03,773
WHATSOEVER.

8147
04:42:03,840 --> 04:42:05,208
THE ALGORITHM IS LOOKING AT A

8148
04:42:05,275 --> 04:42:06,843
WIDE RANGE OF FACTORS THAT THE

8149
04:42:06,909 --> 04:42:07,677
HUMAN BRAIN WOULDN'T UNDERSTAND

8150
04:42:07,744 --> 04:42:08,945
BUT I CAN SHOW YOU SOME OF THE

8151
04:42:09,012 --> 04:42:09,612
TOP ONES.

8152
04:42:09,679 --> 04:42:13,783
IT'S LOOKING AT INSULIN USE IN A

8153
04:42:13,850 --> 04:42:15,318
MOM FOR OBVIOUS REASONS BUT IT'S

8154
04:42:15,385 --> 04:42:17,820
EVEN LOOKING AT HISTORY OF

8155
04:42:17,887 --> 04:42:19,255
CHEMOTHERAPY, LONG BEFORE THE

8156
04:42:19,322 --> 04:42:20,690
MOTHER WAS EVEN PREGNANT.

8157
04:42:20,757 --> 04:42:21,557
BECAUSE OBVIOUSLY NOT MANY

8158
04:42:21,624 --> 04:42:22,859
PEOPLE ARE UNDERGOING

8159
04:42:22,925 --> 04:42:26,062
CHEMOTHERAPY DURING PREGNANCY.

8160
04:42:26,129 --> 04:42:27,797
IT LOOKING AT A WIDE RANGE OF

8161
04:42:27,864 --> 04:42:31,100
OTHER FACTORS, IMMUNE -- BUT

8162
04:42:31,167 --> 04:42:32,435
IT'S EVEN ABLE TO PICK UP ON

8163
04:42:32,502 --> 04:42:35,271
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

8164
04:42:35,338 --> 04:42:36,673
LIKE HOMELESSNESS, TOBACCO USE.

8165
04:42:36,739 --> 04:42:37,874
I DIDN'T EVEN KNOW THAT THESE

8166
04:42:37,940 --> 04:42:43,379
ARE AVAILABLE IN OUR EHR, THE

8167
04:42:43,446 --> 04:42:45,214
MODEL FORMED BY ITSELF BUT WE

8168
04:42:45,281 --> 04:42:46,215
TYPICALLY PUT SOCIAL DETERMINANT

8169
04:42:46,282 --> 04:42:47,650
OF HEALTH INTO ONE BUCKET AND WE

8170
04:42:47,717 --> 04:42:48,751
KNOW THAT THEY'RE ASSOCIATED

8171
04:42:48,818 --> 04:42:50,186
WITH PRETERM BIRTH, BUT IT TURNS

8172
04:42:50,253 --> 04:42:52,288
OUT THAT IF THE MOTHER WAS

8173
04:42:52,355 --> 04:42:53,823
HOMELESS, RISK OF PARTICULAR

8174
04:42:53,890 --> 04:42:56,225
MORBIDITIES GO UP LIKE

8175
04:42:56,292 --> 04:42:57,694
NECROTIZING ANTERIOR COLITIS,

8176
04:42:57,760 --> 04:42:58,461
MICROBIOME CONNECTION, IF THE

8177
04:42:58,528 --> 04:43:00,997
MOTHER WAS INCARCERATED, RISK OF

8178
04:43:01,064 --> 04:43:02,332
OTHER THINGS, NEUROCOGNITIVE

8179
04:43:02,398 --> 04:43:03,933
CHALLENGES GO UP, SO YOU REALLY

8180
04:43:04,000 --> 04:43:06,569
CAN'T PUT ALL OF THESE INTO ONE

8181
04:43:06,636 --> 04:43:08,237
BUCKET BUT WHAT YOU CARE ABOUT

8182
04:43:08,304 --> 04:43:09,572
IS PRETERM BIRTH BUT IF WHAT YOU

8183
04:43:09,639 --> 04:43:10,673
CARE ABOUT IS THE ACTUAL HEALTH

8184
04:43:10,740 --> 04:43:14,610
OF THE BABY, YOU CAN'T.

8185
04:43:14,677 --> 04:43:15,278
NOW PREDICTION IS NOT ENOUGH,

8186
04:43:15,345 --> 04:43:16,813
YOU NEED TO GO INTO

8187
04:43:16,879 --> 04:43:17,914
INTERVENTIONS TO CHANGE THE

8188
04:43:17,980 --> 04:43:19,115
OUTCOMES THAT YOU HAVE

8189
04:43:19,182 --> 04:43:19,582
PREDICTED.

8190
04:43:19,649 --> 04:43:21,451
HERE IS ONE WAY THAT WE DO IT.

8191
04:43:21,517 --> 04:43:23,186
WHEN A BABY IS BORN PREMATURELY,

8192
04:43:23,252 --> 04:43:24,420
YOU NEED TO PUT THEM -- YOU

8193
04:43:24,487 --> 04:43:26,055
CAN'T PUT THEM ON BREAST MILK

8194
04:43:26,122 --> 04:43:27,256
BECAUSE IT INCREASES THE RISK OF

8195
04:43:27,323 --> 04:43:28,658
ALL KINDS OF MORBIDITIES.

8196
04:43:28,725 --> 04:43:31,127
THEY NEED TO GET THEIR NUTRITION

8197
04:43:31,194 --> 04:43:32,428
THROUGH THESE IV BAGS.

8198
04:43:32,495 --> 04:43:36,165
WHAT GOES INTO THE IV BAGS IS

8199
04:43:36,232 --> 04:43:36,966
REACTIONARY AT BEST.

8200
04:43:37,033 --> 04:43:38,134
THEY BASICALLY SAY LOOKS LIKE

8201
04:43:38,201 --> 04:43:39,669
YOUR SODIUM IS TOO LOW, LET ME

8202
04:43:39,736 --> 04:43:40,937
GIVE YOU MORE SODIUM FOR

8203
04:43:41,003 --> 04:43:41,571
TOMORROW.

8204
04:43:41,637 --> 04:43:43,806
SO WE CAME UP WITH AN ALGORITHM

8205
04:43:43,873 --> 04:43:45,641
THAT TAKES THE ENTIRE PROCESS

8206
04:43:45,708 --> 04:43:46,542
AND OUGHT MATES IT.

8207
04:43:46,609 --> 04:43:49,912
SO IF YOU'RE A NEONATOLOGIST

8208
04:43:49,979 --> 04:43:52,682
PLACING AN ORDER, DIETITIAN

8209
04:43:52,749 --> 04:43:55,084
FIXING IT, PHARMACIST REJECTING

8210
04:43:55,151 --> 04:43:57,053
IT BECAUSE CALORIE INTAKE IS NOT

8211
04:43:57,120 --> 04:43:58,755
GOOD, WE HAVE AN A.I. ALGORITHM

8212
04:43:58,821 --> 04:44:00,056
THAT DOES IT IN A FRACTION OF A

8213
04:44:00,123 --> 04:44:00,356
SECOND.

8214
04:44:00,423 --> 04:44:01,824
AND BECAUSE THE A.I. ALGORITHM

8215
04:44:01,891 --> 04:44:03,426
IS AWARE OF THE OUTCOMES OF

8216
04:44:03,493 --> 04:44:04,827
THESE PATIENTS, THREE MONTHS

8217
04:44:04,894 --> 04:44:07,397
DOWN THE ROAD, IT CAN BE

8218
04:44:07,463 --> 04:44:08,798
PROACTIVE AND WORRY ABOUT THREE

8219
04:44:08,865 --> 04:44:10,166
MONTHS DOWN THE ROAD INSTEAD OF

8220
04:44:10,233 --> 04:44:11,367
WORRYING ABOUT THE LAB VALUES OF

8221
04:44:11,434 --> 04:44:13,503
TOMORROW.

8222
04:44:13,569 --> 04:44:14,871
SO WE HAVE TO DO A LITTLE PILOT

8223
04:44:14,937 --> 04:44:16,439
TO SHOW THAT IT ACTUALLY WORKS.

8224
04:44:16,506 --> 04:44:18,508
WE TOOK 180 PATIENTS, WE SHOWED

8225
04:44:18,574 --> 04:44:22,011
A NUMBER OF PHYSICIANS THE REAL

8226
04:44:22,078 --> 04:44:23,780
PRESCRIPTION AND THE A.I.

8227
04:44:23,846 --> 04:44:24,447
GENERATED PRESCRIPTION, WE

8228
04:44:24,514 --> 04:44:25,882
DIDN'T TELL THEM WHICH WAS

8229
04:44:25,948 --> 04:44:27,116
WHICH, WE ASKED THEM TO TELL US

8230
04:44:27,183 --> 04:44:28,117
WHICH THEY THINK IS THE BETTER

8231
04:44:28,184 --> 04:44:30,720
FIT FOR THE PATIENT.

8232
04:44:30,787 --> 04:44:35,224
THIS IS GARY KASPAROV, HIS BODY

8233
04:44:35,291 --> 04:44:36,426
LANGUAGE KIND OF SPEAKS FOR

8234
04:44:36,492 --> 04:44:37,293
ITSELF.

8235
04:44:37,360 --> 04:44:39,195
AND I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU A

8236
04:44:39,262 --> 04:44:40,296
SPONTANEOUS PHOTO FROM THE VERY

8237
04:44:40,363 --> 04:44:42,165
FIRST PILOT THAT WE DID, AND

8238
04:44:42,231 --> 04:44:43,466
FROM BODY LANGUAGE ALONE, I'M

8239
04:44:43,533 --> 04:44:46,068
SURE YOU CAN TELL WHAT HAPPENED,

8240
04:44:46,135 --> 04:44:47,670
AND WHO IS THE PHYSICIAN, WHO IS

8241
04:44:47,737 --> 04:44:49,839
THE A.I. SCIENTIST.

8242
04:44:49,906 --> 04:44:51,274
NOT ONLY CAN THEY NOT TELL WHICH

8243
04:44:51,340 --> 04:44:53,709
IS WHICH, BUT THEY ACTUALLY

8244
04:44:53,776 --> 04:44:55,278
PICKED THE A.I.-GENERATED

8245
04:44:55,344 --> 04:44:56,212
SOLUTION AS THE BETTER ONE

8246
04:44:56,279 --> 04:44:57,814
COMPARED TO THEIR OWN.

8247
04:44:57,880 --> 04:45:00,316
NEXT WE HAD THE A.I. SCAN

8248
04:45:00,383 --> 04:45:01,751
THROUGH HOSPITAL RECORDS AND

8249
04:45:01,818 --> 04:45:04,787
FIND INSTANCES WHERE WE THINK

8250
04:45:04,854 --> 04:45:05,822
THE PHYSICIANS MADE A MISTAKE

8251
04:45:05,888 --> 04:45:08,324
AND IN THOSE INSTANCES, RISK OF

8252
04:45:08,391 --> 04:45:09,325
MORTALITY GOES UP THREE TIMES.

8253
04:45:09,392 --> 04:45:13,296
AND WHEN WE CHART REVIEW, THESE

8254
04:45:13,362 --> 04:45:14,263
RB -- MISTAKES THAT HAVE

8255
04:45:14,330 --> 04:45:15,064
AFFECTED THESE PATIENTS.

8256
04:45:15,131 --> 04:45:16,466
THEN OF COURSE WE INDEPENDENTLY

8257
04:45:16,532 --> 04:45:17,733
VALIDATED THIS IN A SECOND

8258
04:45:17,800 --> 04:45:18,668
HOSPITAL IN THOUSANDS OF

8259
04:45:18,734 --> 04:45:19,569
PATIENTS AND IT'S WORKING THERE

8260
04:45:19,635 --> 04:45:22,738
AS WELL.

8261
04:45:22,805 --> 04:45:24,507
THIS IS MY DAUGHTER, SHE WAS

8262
04:45:24,574 --> 04:45:25,775
BORN A YEAR AGO AT STANFORD, AND

8263
04:45:25,842 --> 04:45:28,678
IT WAS A COMPLEX PREGNANCY WITH

8264
04:45:28,744 --> 04:45:31,514
SEVERAL WEEKS IN THE HOSPITAL,

8265
04:45:31,581 --> 04:45:32,648
EMERGENCY C-SECTION,

8266
04:45:32,715 --> 04:45:33,516
COMPLICATIONS AFTER THAT AS

8267
04:45:33,583 --> 04:45:34,050
WELL.

8268
04:45:34,116 --> 04:45:35,585
AND NOW EVERYBODY IS DOING WELL,

8269
04:45:35,651 --> 04:45:38,588
MY SPOUSE IS DOING FANTASTIC,

8270
04:45:38,654 --> 04:45:39,789
ROYA IS DOING REALLY GREAT.

8271
04:45:39,856 --> 04:45:41,090
BUT I REMEMBER WALKING BACK TO

8272
04:45:41,157 --> 04:45:42,425
MY LAB AND ASKING MY COLLEAGUES

8273
04:45:42,492 --> 04:45:43,326
IF THEY COULD HAVE PREDICTED

8274
04:45:43,392 --> 04:45:44,727
THIS BECAUSE WE HAVE FOUNDATION

8275
04:45:44,794 --> 04:45:46,229
A.I. MODELS THAT ARE PREDICTING

8276
04:45:46,295 --> 04:45:47,163
EVERYTHING AT ANY POINT IN THE

8277
04:45:47,230 --> 04:45:47,930
HOSPITAL.

8278
04:45:47,997 --> 04:45:50,566
AND WE THOUGHT THE ANSWER IS

8279
04:45:50,633 --> 04:45:52,168
YES, I ASKED OUR OB COLLEAGUES

8280
04:45:52,235 --> 04:45:53,536
IF I HAD PREDICTED THIS, COULD

8281
04:45:53,603 --> 04:45:54,670
YOU HAVE DONE SOMETHING ABOUT

8282
04:45:54,737 --> 04:45:55,838
IT, AND THE ANSWER WAS IF YOU

8283
04:45:55,905 --> 04:45:57,607
COULD HAVE PREDICTED THIS TWO

8284
04:45:57,673 --> 04:45:59,041
HOURS FASTER THAN US, WE

8285
04:45:59,108 --> 04:46:01,010
PROBABLY WOULD HAVE STARTED

8286
04:46:01,077 --> 04:46:02,211
ANTIBIOTICS SOONER, THINGS WOULD

8287
04:46:02,278 --> 04:46:03,346
HAVE BEEN -- SO YOU KNOW ME AT

8288
04:46:03,412 --> 04:46:04,447
THIS POINT, I HAVE TO DO A

8289
04:46:04,514 --> 04:46:06,015
LITTLE PILOT, WE TOOK FOUR

8290
04:46:06,082 --> 04:46:11,354
PHYSICIANS AND WE PLAYED BEDSIDE

8291
04:46:11,420 --> 04:46:12,455
MONITORING DATA FOR THEM AS A

8292
04:46:12,522 --> 04:46:14,090
MOVIE AND WE LET THEM DO CHART

8293
04:46:14,156 --> 04:46:14,857
REVIEWS ON EPIC.

8294
04:46:14,924 --> 04:46:16,626
WE GIVE THEM A BIG RED BUTTON

8295
04:46:16,692 --> 04:46:17,927
AND WE TELL THEM TO PRESS IT

8296
04:46:17,994 --> 04:46:19,996
WHENEVER THEY THINK THE PATIENT

8297
04:46:20,062 --> 04:46:22,131
HAS CHORIOAND THEY WANT TO START

8298
04:46:22,198 --> 04:46:22,698
ANTIBIOTICS.

8299
04:46:22,765 --> 04:46:23,900
BUT IT TAKES THEM ON AVERAGE

8300
04:46:23,966 --> 04:46:25,301
ABOUT 40 HOURS TO MAKE A

8301
04:46:25,368 --> 04:46:27,436
DIAGNOSIS, AND THERE ARE ABOUT

8302
04:46:27,503 --> 04:46:27,970
75% ACCURATE.

8303
04:46:28,037 --> 04:46:29,405
THAT'S WHERE THE A.I. IS.

8304
04:46:29,472 --> 04:46:33,342
THIS WAS TWO WEEKS OF LIFE.

8305
04:46:33,409 --> 04:46:34,944
PRETTY STRAIGHTFORWARD, LARGE

8306
04:46:35,011 --> 04:46:38,481
NUMBER OF LOW HANGING FRUITS

8307
04:46:38,548 --> 04:46:40,650
THAT WE CAN GO AFTER NOT JUST

8308
04:46:40,716 --> 04:46:48,324
ABOUT PREFIX FOR WELL-DEFINED --

8309
04:46:48,391 --> 04:46:50,092
THAT WE CAN EASILY APPLY.

8310
04:46:50,159 --> 04:46:51,861
THIS IS WHAT I AM SUPER EXCITED

8311
04:46:51,928 --> 04:46:55,264
ABOUT THESE DAYS.

8312
04:46:55,331 --> 04:46:56,699
TRADITIONALLY, WE HAVE LARGE

8313
04:46:56,766 --> 04:46:58,234
AMOUNTS OF ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8314
04:46:58,301 --> 04:47:00,536
RECORDS DATA.

8315
04:47:00,603 --> 04:47:02,638
WE CAN AFFORD TO RUN OUR OMICS

8316
04:47:02,705 --> 04:47:04,473
ASSAYS ONLY ON A SUBSET OF THEM.

8317
04:47:04,540 --> 04:47:06,342
IN FACT, WE CAN AFFORD TO ENROLL

8318
04:47:06,409 --> 04:47:09,111
ONLY A SUBSET OF THEM IN OUR

8319
04:47:09,178 --> 04:47:10,346
BIOBANKS, FORGET ABOUT RUNNING

8320
04:47:10,413 --> 04:47:10,980
THE ASSAYS.

8321
04:47:11,047 --> 04:47:13,149
SO WHAT DO WE DO WHEN WE WANT TO

8322
04:47:13,215 --> 04:47:14,951
COMBINE THESE TWO WORLDS?

8323
04:47:15,017 --> 04:47:16,452
THE EASIEST THING TO DO IS TO

8324
04:47:16,519 --> 04:47:17,687
SELECT THE PATIENTS FOR WHOM WE

8325
04:47:17,753 --> 04:47:19,789
HAVE BIOLOGICAL DATA OR WE HAVE

8326
04:47:19,855 --> 04:47:21,090
SAMPLES, PUT ALL OF IT INTO A

8327
04:47:21,157 --> 04:47:23,192
MODEL AND MAKE A PREDICTION.

8328
04:47:23,259 --> 04:47:25,828
THAT'S GREAT, WE HAVE BEEN DOING

8329
04:47:25,895 --> 04:47:27,163
THAT FOREVER.

8330
04:47:27,229 --> 04:47:28,664
DEFINED CASES AND CONTROLS, SOME

8331
04:47:28,731 --> 04:47:30,333
PEOPLE HAVE THE ICD10 CODES THAT

8332
04:47:30,399 --> 04:47:31,767
WE THINK THEY NEED TO HAVE AND

8333
04:47:31,834 --> 04:47:33,135
THERE ARE CASES, THE ONES WHO

8334
04:47:33,202 --> 04:47:34,503
DON'T ARE OUR CONTROLS.

8335
04:47:34,570 --> 04:47:38,708
BUT IN REALITY, IT DOESN'T QOIT

8336
04:47:38,774 --> 04:47:39,241
WORK THAT WAY.

8337
04:47:39,308 --> 04:47:41,110
NOBODY IS TRULY A CASE, NOBODY

8338
04:47:41,177 --> 04:47:42,545
IS TRULY A CONTROL.

8339
04:47:42,612 --> 04:47:43,646
EVERYBODY HAS THEIR BAGGAGE OFF

8340
04:47:43,713 --> 04:47:45,047
THE DRUGS THAT THEY HAVE TAKEN

8341
04:47:45,114 --> 04:47:46,082
10 YEARS AGO AND THE SURGERIES

8342
04:47:46,148 --> 04:47:47,717
THAT WE HAVE DONE ON THEM AND

8343
04:47:47,783 --> 04:47:49,352
THEIR GENETIC BACKGROUND AND THE

8344
04:47:49,418 --> 04:47:52,755
ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND.

8345
04:47:52,822 --> 04:47:54,290
NOBODY IS JUST TRULY A NICE AND

8346
04:47:54,357 --> 04:47:55,091
CLEAN CASE THE WAY THAT YOU

8347
04:47:55,157 --> 04:47:57,393
WOULD DO IT IN AN ANIMAL MODEL.

8348
04:47:57,460 --> 04:47:59,028
ON THE OTHER HAND, WE HAVE A TON

8349
04:47:59,095 --> 04:47:59,929
OF PRIOR KNOWLEDGE, WE DON'T

8350
04:47:59,996 --> 04:48:01,697
HAVE TO START BUILDING OUR

8351
04:48:01,764 --> 04:48:04,967
LINEAR MODELS AND -- MODELS FROM

8352
04:48:05,034 --> 04:48:05,301
SCRATCH.

8353
04:48:05,368 --> 04:48:06,435
WE CAN TAP INTO THAT PRIOR

8354
04:48:06,502 --> 04:48:06,869
KNOWLEDGE.

8355
04:48:06,936 --> 04:48:08,504
SO WHAT WE HAVE DONE HERE IS

8356
04:48:08,571 --> 04:48:10,573
THAT WE BUILT A FOUNDATION A.I.

8357
04:48:10,640 --> 04:48:12,274
MODEL ON THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8358
04:48:12,341 --> 04:48:15,211
RECORD DATA THAT KNOWS NOTHING

8359
04:48:15,277 --> 04:48:16,212
ABOUT BIOLOGY.

8360
04:48:16,278 --> 04:48:18,080
IT PURELY PREDICTS THOUSANDS OF

8361
04:48:18,147 --> 04:48:19,215
OUTCOMES THAT I DON'T EVEN KNOW

8362
04:48:19,281 --> 04:48:20,383
WHAT THEY ARE.

8363
04:48:20,449 --> 04:48:23,853
BUT IT LEARNS THE CONTEXT OF THE

8364
04:48:23,919 --> 04:48:26,322
MEDICAL SYSTEM.

8365
04:48:26,389 --> 04:48:28,424
IF I BUILD A MODEL ON THE EHR

8366
04:48:28,491 --> 04:48:29,525
ALONE FOR WHATEVER DISEASE THAT

8367
04:48:29,592 --> 04:48:31,293
I'M LOOKING AT, I GET AN

8368
04:48:31,360 --> 04:48:33,062
ACCURACY OF 0.76.

8369
04:48:33,129 --> 04:48:35,264
IF I BUILT A MODEL ON MYOMIX

8370
04:48:35,331 --> 04:48:38,134
DATA ALONE, I GET 0.75.

8371
04:48:38,200 --> 04:48:41,203
IF YOU COMBINE THE TWO USING AN

8372
04:48:41,270 --> 04:48:42,738
A.I. MODEL TRAINED ON THOUSANDS

8373
04:48:42,805 --> 04:48:43,973
UPON THOUSANDS OF ELECTRONIC

8374
04:48:44,040 --> 04:48:48,077
HEALTH RECORDS, YOU GET AN EXTRA

8375
04:48:48,144 --> 04:48:49,645
11% IN ACCURACY WITHOUT SPENDING

8376
04:48:49,712 --> 04:48:51,013
A SINGLE DOLLAR, WITHOUT

8377
04:48:51,080 --> 04:48:52,081
ENROLLING A SINGLE ADDITIONAL

8378
04:48:52,148 --> 04:48:55,818
PATIENT.

8379
04:48:55,885 --> 04:48:58,754
YOU CAN HAVE A CHILD LOOK AT

8380
04:48:58,821 --> 04:48:59,922
YOUR BIOLOGICAL DATA OR YOU CAN

8381
04:48:59,989 --> 04:49:03,292
HAVE A FULLY TRAINED MEDICAL

8382
04:49:03,359 --> 04:49:04,827
PROFESSIONAL LOOK AT YOUR DATA.

8383
04:49:04,894 --> 04:49:06,529
THE FOUNDATION MODEL WE HAVE

8384
04:49:06,595 --> 04:49:08,064
TRAINED ON EAR RIL VANT

8385
04:49:08,130 --> 04:49:08,931
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD IN THIS

8386
04:49:08,998 --> 04:49:10,266
CASE CAN HELP US MAKE BETTER

8387
04:49:10,332 --> 04:49:11,734
SENSE OF BIOLOGY.

8388
04:49:11,801 --> 04:49:13,135
I DON'T HAVE TIME TO GO INTO THE

8389
04:49:13,202 --> 04:49:14,770
DETAILS OF IT, BUT IT TURNS OUT

8390
04:49:14,837 --> 04:49:16,472
THAT EVEN THE BIOLOGICAL

8391
04:49:16,539 --> 04:49:18,441
FEATURES THAT IT IDENTIFIES ARE

8392
04:49:18,507 --> 04:49:21,143
MORE MEANINGFUL THAN A VANILLA

8393
04:49:21,210 --> 04:49:22,244
MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM THAT

8394
04:49:22,311 --> 04:49:24,380
JUST LOOKS AT BIOLOGY IN

8395
04:49:24,447 --> 04:49:25,147
ISOLATION.

8396
04:49:25,214 --> 04:49:27,683
THE LAST EXAMPLE THAT I WILL

8397
04:49:27,750 --> 04:49:29,218
SHOW YOU BUILDS ON THIS, NOW TO

8398
04:49:29,285 --> 04:49:34,156
GO THE OTHER WAY, IF WE TAKE A

8399
04:49:34,223 --> 04:49:35,357
FOUNDATION A.I. MODEL THAT IS

8400
04:49:35,424 --> 04:49:36,892
TRAINED ON ELECTRONIC HEALTH

8401
04:49:36,959 --> 04:49:39,695
RECORDS, WE CAN TAKE THAT AND

8402
04:49:39,762 --> 04:49:42,298
CONNECT TO BIOLOGY, CONNECT TO A

8403
04:49:42,364 --> 04:49:43,866
PROTEOMICS DATASET IN THIS CASE,

8404
04:49:43,933 --> 04:49:45,735
AND INSTEAD OF ASKING THE

8405
04:49:45,801 --> 04:49:47,369
FOUNDATION A.I. MODEL TO PREDICT

8406
04:49:47,436 --> 04:49:49,371
DISEASE, WE CAN PREDICT IT -- WE

8407
04:49:49,438 --> 04:49:54,009
CAN ASK TO PREDICT BIOLOGY.

8408
04:49:54,076 --> 04:49:55,444
SO IT TURNS OUT THAT AT THE

8409
04:49:55,511 --> 04:49:58,314
PRICE OF ELECTRICITY, YOU CAN

8410
04:49:58,380 --> 04:50:02,551
GENERATE MILLIONS UPON MILLIONS

8411
04:50:02,618 --> 04:50:07,656
OF PATIENTS -- APOE, FAMOUS FOR

8412
04:50:07,723 --> 04:50:09,058
VARIOUS REASONS, ON THE X AXIS

8413
04:50:09,125 --> 04:50:10,626
YOU ARE LOOKING AT THE ACTUAL

8414
04:50:10,693 --> 04:50:11,927
LEVELS OF THESE PROTEINS AS

8415
04:50:11,994 --> 04:50:14,864
MEASURED BY AN ASSAY IN PLAY MA,

8416
04:50:14,930 --> 04:50:17,032
ON THE Y AXIS YOU'RE LOOKING AT

8417
04:50:17,099 --> 04:50:18,534
THE A.I.'S PREDICTION OF THE

8418
04:50:18,601 --> 04:50:19,735
LEVELS OF THOSE PROTEINS WITHOUT

8419
04:50:19,802 --> 04:50:21,971
HAVING TO SPEND A SINGLE DOLLAR

8420
04:50:22,037 --> 04:50:26,776
ON IT.

8421
04:50:26,842 --> 04:50:27,977
NOW WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO DO THIS

8422
04:50:28,043 --> 04:50:30,246
SAME THING IN HUNDREDS OF

8423
04:50:30,312 --> 04:50:31,347
THOUSANDS OF PATIENTS AT

8424
04:50:31,413 --> 04:50:33,015
STANFORD, AND THEN CAN YOU GO

8425
04:50:33,082 --> 04:50:35,551
BACK AND BUILD MODELS ON THE

8426
04:50:35,618 --> 04:50:38,287
GENERATED BIOLOGICAL DATA TO

8427
04:50:38,354 --> 04:50:39,054
HAVE LEGITIMATE FINDINGS THAT

8428
04:50:39,121 --> 04:50:42,591
YOU CAN VALIDATE IN FOLLOW-UP

8429
04:50:42,658 --> 04:50:43,692
STUDIES AND INDEPENDENT COHORT.

8430
04:50:43,759 --> 04:50:45,427
THERE IS NO FREE LUNCH, THIS

8431
04:50:45,494 --> 04:50:48,097
WORKS ONLY IN A SUBSET OF THE

8432
04:50:48,164 --> 04:50:49,298
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT WE ARE

8433
04:50:49,365 --> 04:50:51,934
INTERESTED IN, WHICH HAVE SOME

8434
04:50:52,001 --> 04:50:53,269
RELEVANCE TO THE CLINICAL

8435
04:50:53,335 --> 04:50:55,037
CONTEXT THAT WE ARE LOOKING AT,

8436
04:50:55,104 --> 04:50:56,772
BUT THIS IS JUST THE BEGINNING.

8437
04:50:56,839 --> 04:50:58,107
IN THE FUTURE, WE ARE GOING TO

8438
04:50:58,174 --> 04:51:00,676
GET TO A PLACE WHERE OUR AI

8439
04:51:00,743 --> 04:51:02,344
MODELS GENERATE WHAT THEY CAN

8440
04:51:02,411 --> 04:51:03,846
GENERATE, AND THEN THEY CAN

8441
04:51:03,913 --> 04:51:06,081
DIRECTLY TALK TO THE

8442
04:51:06,148 --> 04:51:07,082
BIOREPOSITORIES, DIRECTLY TALK

8443
04:51:07,149 --> 04:51:09,118
TO THE LABS TO GENERATE ONLY THE

8444
04:51:09,185 --> 04:51:13,589
PARTS THAT WE CAN GENERATE.

8445
04:51:13,656 --> 04:51:14,990
GRADUALLY WE ARE GOING TO GET

8446
04:51:15,057 --> 04:51:16,425
CLOSER AND CLOSER TO A POINT

8447
04:51:16,492 --> 04:51:18,761
THAT MORE AND MORE OF THESE DATA

8448
04:51:18,828 --> 04:51:20,863
IS GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY AND

8449
04:51:20,930 --> 04:51:22,498
ONLY SMALL SUBSETS ARE PAID FOR

8450
04:51:22,565 --> 04:51:25,668
IN A BIOLOGICAL WORLD.

8451
04:51:25,734 --> 04:51:27,036
LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE TO THANK

8452
04:51:27,102 --> 04:51:28,437
INCLUDING TRAINEES AND I'LL SCEP

8453
04:51:28,504 --> 04:51:31,307
OVER THAT, INCLUDING TRAINEES,

8454
04:51:31,373 --> 04:51:32,775
ALUMNI, VARIOUS MENTORS AND

8455
04:51:32,842 --> 04:51:34,610
COLLEAGUES AT STANFORD AND OUR

8456
04:51:34,677 --> 04:51:35,277
FUNDING AGENCIES.

8457
04:51:35,344 --> 04:51:43,619
THANK YOU.

8458
04:51:43,686 --> 04:51:44,253
>> THANK YOU.

8459
04:51:44,320 --> 04:51:47,556
OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS DR. LAURA

8460
04:51:47,623 --> 04:51:48,457
GORRELL FROM DELOITTE.

8461
04:51:48,524 --> 04:51:50,526
SHE WILL BE TALKING TODAY ON

8462
04:51:50,593 --> 04:51:53,562
BIOMEDICAL DATA INTEROPERAB

8463
04:51:53,629 --> 04:51:54,296
INTEROPERABILITY:  CURRENT STATE

8464
04:51:54,363 --> 04:51:55,598
AND FUTURE OUTLOOK.

8465
04:51:55,664 --> 04:51:56,599
>> HI.

8466
04:51:56,665 --> 04:51:58,267
THANKS, EVERYONE, AND THANKS TO

8467
04:51:58,334 --> 04:51:59,268
ORGANIZERS FOR INVITING US

8468
04:51:59,335 --> 04:52:01,871
TODAY.

8469
04:52:01,937 --> 04:52:03,739
SO VIVIAN WAS INVITED TO SPEAK

8470
04:52:03,806 --> 04:52:05,608
BUT SHE COULDN'T SPEAK SO SHE

8471
04:52:05,674 --> 04:52:06,742
ASKED IF I COULD TALK AND I'M

8472
04:52:06,809 --> 04:52:08,377
HAPPY TO PRESENT OUR WORK.

8473
04:52:08,444 --> 04:52:09,612
SO WE'RE GOING TO TAKE A STEP

8474
04:52:09,678 --> 04:52:11,280
BACK FROM SOME OF THESE AMAZING

8475
04:52:11,347 --> 04:52:12,948
TALKS THAT WE'VE BEEN HEARING

8476
04:52:13,015 --> 04:52:14,884
AND TAKE KIND OF A 10,000-FOOT

8477
04:52:14,950 --> 04:52:18,287
VIEW ON DATA INTEROPERABILITY,

8478
04:52:18,354 --> 04:52:22,024
WHERE IT'S GOING, TOOLS AT OUR

8479
04:52:22,091 --> 04:52:22,358
DISPOSAL.

8480
04:52:22,424 --> 04:52:23,359
I'LL TRY AND TALK ABOUT SOME OF

8481
04:52:23,425 --> 04:52:24,460
THE THEMES THAT HAVE COME UP

8482
04:52:24,526 --> 04:52:26,128
TODAY AND HOW THEY FIT INTO THIS

8483
04:52:26,195 --> 04:52:29,398
LANDSCAPE OVERVIEW.

8484
04:52:29,465 --> 04:52:34,169
MAYBE I CANS  CAN ALSO NOT ADVAE

8485
04:52:34,236 --> 04:52:43,779
SLIDES.

8486
04:52:43,846 --> 04:52:45,214
SO I'M JUST GOING TO GIVE A

8487
04:52:45,281 --> 04:52:46,248
BRIEF OVERVIEW AND KIND OF LEVEL

8488
04:52:46,315 --> 04:52:48,117
SET ON WHAT WE MEAN BY DATA

8489
04:52:48,183 --> 04:52:49,151
INTEROPERABILITY.

8490
04:52:49,218 --> 04:52:50,519
THE FUN FACT THE WORD

8491
04:52:50,586 --> 04:52:51,553
INTEROPERABILITY HAS BEEN STATED

8492
04:52:51,620 --> 04:52:51,921
14 TIMES TODAY.

8493
04:52:51,987 --> 04:52:53,956
I'VE BEEN COUNTING.

8494
04:52:54,023 --> 04:52:57,226
AND TALK ABOUT THE CHALLENGES

8495
04:52:57,293 --> 04:52:58,327
THAT I THINK WE'RE ALL VERY

8496
04:52:58,394 --> 04:52:59,461
FAMILIAR WITH BUT SOME OF THE

8497
04:52:59,528 --> 04:53:00,996
NUANCES THAT GO INTO IT AND WHAT

8498
04:53:01,063 --> 04:53:02,631
PHASES US WHEN WE TALK ABOUT

8499
04:53:02,698 --> 04:53:03,666
DATA INTEROPERABILITY,

8500
04:53:03,732 --> 04:53:05,534
ESPECIALLY IN THE BIOMEDICAL

8501
04:53:05,601 --> 04:53:07,603
COMMUNITY, AND THE ROLE OF DATA

8502
04:53:07,670 --> 04:53:08,404
STANDARDS FOR INTEROPERABILITY

8503
04:53:08,470 --> 04:53:10,372
AND THE IMPACT THEY CAN HAVE ON

8504
04:53:10,439 --> 04:53:11,473
RESEARCH THAT I THINK MOST OF US

8505
04:53:11,540 --> 04:53:12,741
ARE PRETTY WELL AWARE OF, AND

8506
04:53:12,808 --> 04:53:14,376
THEN ALSO HOW DATA PRIVACY AND

8507
04:53:14,443 --> 04:53:17,346
SECURITY FIT INTO THIS AND ARE

8508
04:53:17,413 --> 04:53:20,582
CONSTANTLY A BALANCE.

8509
04:53:20,649 --> 04:53:22,518
SO I DECIDED TO START WITH THE

8510
04:53:22,584 --> 04:53:23,852
FAIR ACRONYM.

8511
04:53:23,919 --> 04:53:25,321
90% OF US HAVE HEARD OF IT AND I

8512
04:53:25,387 --> 04:53:26,622
THINK THERE IS AN UNSPOKEN

8513
04:53:26,689 --> 04:53:27,823
LETTER.

8514
04:53:27,890 --> 04:53:30,025
SO INTEROPERABILITY IS THE I IN

8515
04:53:30,092 --> 04:53:33,562
FAIR, WHICH IS THE IDEAL STATE

8516
04:53:33,629 --> 04:53:34,330
FOR DATA.

8517
04:53:34,396 --> 04:53:36,532
NO DATA IS FAIR, IT'S JUST CON

8518
04:53:36,598 --> 04:53:38,334
STANDLY AN IDEAL THAT WE HAVE OH

8519
04:53:38,400 --> 04:53:39,535
MARCH TOWARDS.

8520
04:53:39,601 --> 04:53:40,602
THE MISSING LETTER IS Q.

8521
04:53:40,669 --> 04:53:42,638
WE LS ALSO NEED QUALITY DATA.

8522
04:53:42,705 --> 04:53:45,574
IF YOU CAN FIND IT, ACCESS IT,

8523
04:53:45,641 --> 04:53:46,809
INCORPORATE IT, GREAT, BUT IF

8524
04:53:46,875 --> 04:53:47,910
IT'S NOT QUALITY, WHAT'S THE

8525
04:53:47,977 --> 04:53:48,277
POINT?

8526
04:53:48,344 --> 04:53:49,912
SO THE WAY THE INTEROPERABILITY

8527
04:53:49,979 --> 04:53:51,013
FITS INTO THIS LANDSCAPE IS THAT

8528
04:53:51,080 --> 04:53:52,381
IT'S REALLY LOOKING AT HOW YOU

8529
04:53:52,448 --> 04:53:54,316
CAN ACCESS AND CHANGE THAT DATA

8530
04:53:54,383 --> 04:53:57,953
AND BE ABLE TO -- IN A WAY THAT

8531
04:53:58,020 --> 04:53:58,487
YOU CAN USE IT.

8532
04:53:58,554 --> 04:54:02,057
SO THE KEY THINGS TH ARE ACCESS,

8533
04:54:02,124 --> 04:54:03,092
YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO GET

8534
04:54:03,158 --> 04:54:04,426
THROUGH IT, WHATEVER GOVERNANCE

8535
04:54:04,493 --> 04:54:05,594
IS AROUND IT.

8536
04:54:05,661 --> 04:54:06,795
YOU HAVE TO BE ABLE TO MESSAGE

8537
04:54:06,862 --> 04:54:08,998
IT AND SEND IT AND BRING IT IN.

8538
04:54:09,064 --> 04:54:10,799
AND THEN YOU HAVE TO BE ABLE TO

8539
04:54:10,866 --> 04:54:12,434
ACTUALLY INTERPRET IT, AND USE

8540
04:54:12,501 --> 04:54:17,139
IT WITH OTHER DATA.

8541
04:54:17,206 --> 04:54:18,574
ONE PIECE IS USUALLY NOT TOO

8542
04:54:18,640 --> 04:54:19,808
DIFFICULT, BRINGING ALL FOUR OF

8543
04:54:19,875 --> 04:54:21,243
THOSE THINGS TOGETHER CAN BE

8544
04:54:21,310 --> 04:54:22,411
INCREDIBLY CHALLENGING EVEN IN

8545
04:54:22,478 --> 04:54:26,081
THE MODERN ERA.

8546
04:54:26,148 --> 04:54:26,982
SO I SPENT A LOT OF TIME MAKING

8547
04:54:27,049 --> 04:54:28,183
THIS SLIDE AND TRYING TO FIGURE

8548
04:54:28,250 --> 04:54:29,084
OUT A FIGURE THAT REALLY SPOKE

8549
04:54:29,151 --> 04:54:30,652
THE MESSAGE THAT I WANTED TO,

8550
04:54:30,719 --> 04:54:33,589
AND SO WHAT I'VE DECIDED IS THAT

8551
04:54:33,655 --> 04:54:36,291
THIS IS ONE IMAGE FROM A 3D CAT

8552
04:54:36,358 --> 04:54:36,492
SCAN.

8553
04:54:36,558 --> 04:54:37,960
SO MAYBE WE'RE JUST LOOKING AT A

8554
04:54:38,027 --> 04:54:38,394
SAGITTAL VIEW.

8555
04:54:38,460 --> 04:54:40,129
ON THE LEFT YOU HAVE A BUNCH OF

8556
04:54:40,195 --> 04:54:41,397
DIFFERENT DATA TYPES THAT COULD

8557
04:54:41,463 --> 04:54:41,930
BE GENERATED.

8558
04:54:41,997 --> 04:54:43,699
YOU COULD GO ON THIS LIST, JUST

8559
04:54:43,766 --> 04:54:46,135
A TOPICAL LIST, YOU COULD ADD

8560
04:54:46,201 --> 04:54:47,236
BIOSPECIMEN DATA THERE AT THE

8561
04:54:47,302 --> 04:54:48,237
BOTTOM, THAT'S WHAT WAS IN THAT

8562
04:54:48,303 --> 04:54:48,971
EMPTY SQUARE.

8563
04:54:49,038 --> 04:54:53,409
AND ALL OF THAT IS COLLECTED AND

8564
04:54:53,475 --> 04:54:54,176
IN ITS DIFFERENT MEANS.

8565
04:54:54,243 --> 04:54:55,811
IT COULD BE A TABULAR DATASET,

8566
04:54:55,878 --> 04:54:58,180
IT COULD BE GRAPHICAL IN NATURE,

8567
04:54:58,247 --> 04:55:01,583
IT COULD BE A MANHATTAN PLOT, IT

8568
04:55:01,650 --> 04:55:02,885
ALL HAS DIFFERENT STRUCTURES,

8569
04:55:02,951 --> 04:55:04,620
THEY COULD BE IMAGES, THEY COULD

8570
04:55:04,686 --> 04:55:07,089
BE PDFs, SO THEN YOU HAVE TO

8571
04:55:07,156 --> 04:55:09,458
BRING TOGETHER ALL OF THAT

8572
04:55:09,525 --> 04:55:10,426
DISPARATE DATA AND PACKAGE IT

8573
04:55:10,492 --> 04:55:12,261
TOGETHER TO FORM YOUR BIG DATA

8574
04:55:12,327 --> 04:55:14,530
SO YOU CAN RUN YOUR LARGE

8575
04:55:14,596 --> 04:55:14,830
ALGORITHMS.

8576
04:55:14,897 --> 04:55:16,065
AS I SAID THIS IS ONE SLICE OF

8577
04:55:16,131 --> 04:55:17,166
VIEW OF DATA.

8578
04:55:17,232 --> 04:55:18,267
THE OTHER SLICES INCLUDE

8579
04:55:18,333 --> 04:55:19,134
DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS.

8580
04:55:19,201 --> 04:55:20,502
HOW DO YOU GET IT FROM ONE

8581
04:55:20,569 --> 04:55:21,303
HOSPITAL TO ANOTHER?

8582
04:55:21,370 --> 04:55:24,540
HOW DO YOU GET IT OUT OF EPIC,

8583
04:55:24,606 --> 04:55:25,841
HOW DO YOU BRING IT TOGETHER?

8584
04:55:25,908 --> 04:55:27,342
IF YOU'RE IN EUROPE, HOW DO YOU

8585
04:55:27,409 --> 04:55:29,445
GET IT FROM THE NORDIC COUNTRIES

8586
04:55:29,511 --> 04:55:31,480
THAT WE COULDN'T GET DATA FROM?

8587
04:55:31,547 --> 04:55:32,448
RIGHT?

8588
04:55:32,514 --> 04:55:34,516
SO IN AMERICA, MOST BIOMEDICAL

8589
04:55:34,583 --> 04:55:36,819
RESEARCH IS FUNDED THROUGH THE

8590
04:55:36,885 --> 04:55:37,853
NIH, IT'S NATIONALIZED.

8591
04:55:37,920 --> 04:55:39,922
WE TALK ABOUT SHARING IT OPENLY.

8592
04:55:39,988 --> 04:55:41,356
BUT OUR HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IS

8593
04:55:41,423 --> 04:55:42,591
NOT, IT PRIVATIZED.

8594
04:55:42,658 --> 04:55:44,393
SO YOU END UP WITH SILOS OF DATA

8595
04:55:44,460 --> 04:55:45,794
THAT ARE VERY, VERY DIFFICULT TO

8596
04:55:45,861 --> 04:55:48,530
CROSS.

8597
04:55:48,597 --> 04:55:54,937
SO HOW DO YOU DO THAT?

8598
04:55:55,003 --> 04:55:57,239
THE CHALLENGES, ONE OF THEM, I

8599
04:55:57,306 --> 04:55:58,974
DON'T LIKE THE TERM LACK OF

8600
04:55:59,041 --> 04:56:00,242
STANDARDIZED FORMATS FOR DATA

8601
04:56:00,309 --> 04:56:00,576
EXCHANGE.

8602
04:56:00,642 --> 04:56:01,743
WE HAVE LOTS OF THEM.

8603
04:56:01,810 --> 04:56:05,047
THE PROBLEM IS MOST OF THEM

8604
04:56:05,114 --> 04:56:07,182
AREN'T COMPREHENSIVE, SOMETIMES

8605
04:56:07,249 --> 04:56:08,250
THEY'RE REDUNDANT, SOMETIMES

8606
04:56:08,317 --> 04:56:09,251
THEY'RE VERY DIFFICULT TO USE.

8607
04:56:09,318 --> 04:56:10,552
I'M WILLING TO BET IF I TALK TO

8608
04:56:10,619 --> 04:56:11,653
EACH OF YOU INDIVIDUALLY AND ASK

8609
04:56:11,720 --> 04:56:12,921
YOU WHAT YOUR CONFIDENCE WAS,

8610
04:56:12,988 --> 04:56:14,456
THAT YOU COULD IMPLEMENT A FIRE

8611
04:56:14,523 --> 04:56:15,724
SYSTEM TOMORROW, YOU WOULD MAYBE

8612
04:56:15,791 --> 04:56:17,559
LOOK AT ME A LITTLE FUNKY.

8613
04:56:17,626 --> 04:56:18,760
AND IT'S BECAUSE IT'S HARD,

8614
04:56:18,827 --> 04:56:19,094
RIGHT?

8615
04:56:19,161 --> 04:56:21,597
SO WE TRY TO BUILD THESE

8616
04:56:21,663 --> 04:56:23,432
STANDARDS TO BE COMPREHENSIVE

8617
04:56:23,499 --> 04:56:25,834
AND FLEXIBLE, BUT THEN BY NATURE

8618
04:56:25,901 --> 04:56:27,636
OF BEING FLEXIBLE, THEY'RE NOT

8619
04:56:27,703 --> 04:56:28,303
STANDARDIZED, BUT THEY'RE

8620
04:56:28,370 --> 04:56:30,272
SUPPOSED TO BE STANDARDS.

8621
04:56:30,339 --> 04:56:34,209
THIS SHEER VOLUME AND VARIETY,

8622
04:56:34,276 --> 04:56:35,277
WEE CONSTANTLY COMING UP WITH

8623
04:56:35,344 --> 04:56:37,746
NEW WAYS TO LOOK AT DATA AND

8624
04:56:37,813 --> 04:56:38,914
ADDITIONAL METADATA WE NEED TO

8625
04:56:38,981 --> 04:56:40,449
TRACK WITH THE DATA, IT BECOMES

8626
04:56:40,516 --> 04:56:41,316
VERY COMPLICATED.

8627
04:56:41,383 --> 04:56:42,851
AND THE COMPLEXITY OF

8628
04:56:42,918 --> 04:56:44,987
INTEGRATING THAT DATA FROM THE

8629
04:56:45,053 --> 04:56:46,221
DISPARATE SOURCES, HOW DO YOU

8630
04:56:46,288 --> 04:56:47,723
GET THROUGH THESE PRIVATIZED

8631
04:56:47,789 --> 04:56:47,990
FIREWALLS?

8632
04:56:48,056 --> 04:56:50,526
OF COURSE WE HAVE GOVERNANCE AND

8633
04:56:50,592 --> 04:56:51,827
SECURITY CONCERNS.

8634
04:56:51,894 --> 04:56:54,363
WE HAVE TO NOT JUST PROTECT

8635
04:56:54,429 --> 04:56:55,597
PATIENTS BUT WE HAVE TO PROTECT

8636
04:56:55,664 --> 04:56:56,832
OUR HOSPITAL'S IT

8637
04:56:56,899 --> 04:56:57,699
INFRASTRUCTURE, WE HAVE TO MAKE

8638
04:56:57,766 --> 04:56:59,368
SURE THAT WE CAN GET THE CARE TO

8639
04:56:59,434 --> 04:57:01,036
THE PATIENTS WHERE WE NEED IT,

8640
04:57:01,103 --> 04:57:02,905
BUT ALSO KEEP THE INFORMATION

8641
04:57:02,971 --> 04:57:03,906
FLOWING.

8642
04:57:03,972 --> 04:57:05,607
SO ADDRESSING THESE CHALLENGES

8643
04:57:05,674 --> 04:57:07,109
ARE GOING TO NECESSITATE A

8644
04:57:07,176 --> 04:57:08,644
ROBUST FRAMEWORK FROM DATA

8645
04:57:08,710 --> 04:57:09,545
STANDARDIZATION TO ADVANCING

8646
04:57:09,611 --> 04:57:12,147
TOOLS FOR DATA INTEGRATION, AND

8647
04:57:12,214 --> 04:57:13,849
IT CONCERTED EFFORT FROM ALL

8648
04:57:13,916 --> 04:57:14,716
STAKEHOLDERS, THAT'S EVERY

8649
04:57:14,783 --> 04:57:16,051
STAINING HOLDER, NOT JUST

8650
04:57:16,118 --> 04:57:19,087
SCIENTISTS, IT'S IT STAFF AT

8651
04:57:19,154 --> 04:57:21,690
HOSPITALS, IT'S DOCTORS, NURSES,

8652
04:57:21,757 --> 04:57:23,458
PATIENTS, PATIENT ADVOCACY

8653
04:57:23,525 --> 04:57:24,793
GROUPS, THEY ALL HAVE TO COME

8654
04:57:24,860 --> 04:57:28,530
TOGETHER TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO

8655
04:57:28,597 --> 04:57:29,298
BEST COME TOGETHER.

8656
04:57:29,364 --> 04:57:30,399
SO ONE LITTLE CHALLENGE I ALWAYS

8657
04:57:30,465 --> 04:57:33,635
LIKE TO ASK WHEN WE TALK ABOUT

8658
04:57:33,702 --> 04:57:34,836
DATA INTEROPERABILITY BECAUSE

8659
04:57:34,903 --> 04:57:36,205
IT'S SOMETHING WE HEAR ABOUT ALL

8660
04:57:36,271 --> 04:57:37,673
OF THE TIME, WHICH OF THESE

8661
04:57:37,739 --> 04:57:41,677
DATES IS WRIT NEN ISO8601?

8662
04:57:41,743 --> 04:57:43,312
NOW, EMEDGENE YOU ARE BRINGING

8663
04:57:43,378 --> 04:57:45,280
TOGETHER DATA FROM 100 DIFFERENT

8664
04:57:45,347 --> 04:57:47,115
SOURCES AND THEY ALL HAVE DATES

8665
04:57:47,182 --> 04:57:48,317
WRITTEN IN VARIOUS FORMS LIKE

8666
04:57:48,383 --> 04:57:48,650
THIS.

8667
04:57:48,717 --> 04:57:50,485
IT'S SUCH A SIMPLE PROBLEM, BUT

8668
04:57:50,552 --> 04:57:51,787
THAT'S PROBABLY A COUPLE HOURS

8669
04:57:51,853 --> 04:57:53,789
OF A DATA SCIENTIST'S WORK TO

8670
04:57:53,855 --> 04:57:54,856
LINE THOSE DATES.

8671
04:57:54,923 --> 04:57:56,992
WHEREAS IF YOU HAD A

8672
04:57:57,059 --> 04:57:57,993
PROSPECTIVELY PLANNED OR IF WE

8673
04:57:58,060 --> 04:57:58,961
ENCOURAGED THE PROSPECTIVE

8674
04:57:59,027 --> 04:58:00,062
PLANNING OF USING STANDARDS

8675
04:58:00,128 --> 04:58:02,431
EARLY IN DATA COLLECTION, IT

8676
04:58:02,497 --> 04:58:04,499
GOES AWAY AND WE ALL KNOW THAT

8677
04:58:04,566 --> 04:58:07,603
THE ISO DATE IS YEAR, MONTH,

8678
04:58:07,669 --> 04:58:15,510
DAY, WRITTEN IN THIS FORMAT.

8679
04:58:15,577 --> 04:58:17,045
SO WE TALK ABOUT THE ROLES OF

8680
04:58:17,112 --> 04:58:18,046
DATA STANDARDS AND

8681
04:58:18,113 --> 04:58:18,513
INTEROPERABILITY.

8682
04:58:18,580 --> 04:58:19,648
WE CAN TALK ABOUT PROVIDING A

8683
04:58:19,715 --> 04:58:20,816
COMMON LANGUAGE FOR REPRESENTING

8684
04:58:20,882 --> 04:58:21,650
AND EXCHANGING HEALTH

8685
04:58:21,717 --> 04:58:22,217
INFORMATION.

8686
04:58:22,284 --> 04:58:23,485
THERE'S TWO KEY CONCEPTS IN THAT

8687
04:58:23,552 --> 04:58:24,820
FIRST BULLET.

8688
04:58:24,886 --> 04:58:26,355
NOT JUST REPRESENTING BUT

8689
04:58:26,421 --> 04:58:27,990
ACTUALLY EXCHANGING INFORMATION,

8690
04:58:28,056 --> 04:58:29,524
AND WE HAVE DIFFERENT STANDARDS

8691
04:58:29,591 --> 04:58:30,926
TO DO BOTH AND I'LL GO INTO SOME

8692
04:58:30,993 --> 04:58:32,661
EXAMPLES OF THAT IN A MINUTE.

8693
04:58:32,728 --> 04:58:34,229
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING

8694
04:58:34,296 --> 04:58:37,199
STANDARDS CAN BE HAMPERED BY THE

8695
04:58:37,266 --> 04:58:38,200
INCONSISTENT IMPLEMENTATION AND

8696
04:58:38,267 --> 04:58:40,135
PERSISTING USE OF LEGACY

8697
04:58:40,202 --> 04:58:40,802
SYSTEMS.

8698
04:58:40,869 --> 04:58:43,305
SO YOU'VE PROBABLY HEARD OF HL7.

8699
04:58:43,372 --> 04:58:46,642
THERE'S HL7 V1 AND V2, AND

8700
04:58:46,708 --> 04:58:48,510
ACTUALLY FIRE IS BUILT -- REALLY

8701
04:58:48,577 --> 04:58:51,680
IT'S HL7 V3 ESSENTIALLY, IT'S

8702
04:58:51,747 --> 04:58:52,748
COME OUT OF THE SAME OFFICE.

8703
04:58:52,814 --> 04:58:55,484
SO WE TALK ABOUT FHIR, AND THEN

8704
04:58:55,550 --> 04:58:58,120
WE CAN TALK ABOUT LOINCs OR

8705
04:58:58,186 --> 04:58:59,588
THE LOGICAL OBSERVATION

8706
04:58:59,655 --> 04:59:00,689
IDENTIFIER NAMES AND CODES.

8707
04:59:00,756 --> 04:59:02,557
ALL OF THESE STANDARDS DO

8708
04:59:02,624 --> 04:59:05,961
DIFFERENT THINGS.

8709
04:59:06,028 --> 04:59:07,529
THIS EITHER REPRESENT OR TALK

8710
04:59:07,596 --> 04:59:08,096
ABOUT EXCHANGING DATA.

8711
04:59:08,163 --> 04:59:09,965
SO WHEN WE LOOK AT THIS A LITTLE

8712
04:59:10,032 --> 04:59:12,601
CLOSER, WE CAN LOOK AT HL7, IT'S

8713
04:59:12,668 --> 04:59:14,069
A RANGE OF GLOBAL STANDARDS FOR

8714
04:59:14,136 --> 04:59:15,837
THE TRANSFER OF CLINICAL AND

8715
04:59:15,904 --> 04:59:17,339
ADMINISTRATIVE HEALTH DATA

8716
04:59:17,406 --> 04:59:18,307
BETWEEN CLINICAL APPLICATIONS.

8717
04:59:18,373 --> 04:59:20,108
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

8718
04:59:20,175 --> 04:59:21,643
WELL, IT'S NOT PATIENT FOCUSED,

8719
04:59:21,710 --> 04:59:24,446
IT'S EPISODE OR

8720
04:59:24,513 --> 04:59:25,314
VISIT-BASE-FOCUSED SO IT'S

8721
04:59:25,380 --> 04:59:26,315
QUICKLY NOT SERVING THE NEEDS OF

8722
04:59:26,381 --> 04:59:28,083
OUR RESEARCHERS OR OUR

8723
04:59:28,150 --> 04:59:29,117
HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS, WHICH IS WHY

8724
04:59:29,184 --> 04:59:30,886
IT'S BEEN REVISED SO MANY TIMES.

8725
04:59:30,952 --> 04:59:31,987
WE HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH

8726
04:59:32,054 --> 04:59:33,555
EXPRESSION OF CLINICAL FINDINGS,

8727
04:59:33,622 --> 04:59:36,058
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS USING HL7.

8728
04:59:36,124 --> 04:59:39,561
SO IT'S BECOME FAST HEALTHCARE

8729
04:59:39,628 --> 04:59:40,829
INTEROPERABILITY RESOURCE OR ONE

8730
04:59:40,896 --> 04:59:43,565
OF THE SECTIONIEST TERMS RIGHT

8731
04:59:43,632 --> 04:59:45,434
NOW, FHIR, WHICH IS A SET OF

8732
04:59:45,500 --> 04:59:46,968
RULES AND SPECIFICATION FORCE

8733
04:59:47,035 --> 04:59:48,870
EXCHANGING ELECTRONIC HEALTHCARE

8734
04:59:48,937 --> 04:59:52,274
DATA AND THAT EXCHANGING WORD IS

8735
04:59:52,341 --> 04:59:53,575
VERY KEY.

8736
04:59:53,642 --> 04:59:55,944
USING A FHIR STANDARD, YOU

8737
04:59:56,011 --> 04:59:56,945
CREATE A PACKET OF INFORMATION

8738
04:59:57,012 --> 04:59:59,514
OR A RESOURCE, A FHIR RESOURCE,

8739
04:59:59,581 --> 05:00:03,552
AND YOU CAN SEND INFORMATION.

8740
05:00:03,618 --> 05:00:05,287
SO WHAT I MEAN BY THAT IS IF YOU

8741
05:00:05,354 --> 05:00:07,222
HAVE A FHIR RESOURCE WHICH IS A

8742
05:00:07,289 --> 05:00:09,024
SET OF DATA, IT HAS A DATE IN

8743
05:00:09,091 --> 05:00:10,225
THERE, IT JUST ASKS YOU TO POINT

8744
05:00:10,292 --> 05:00:11,126
TO WHERE THE DATE IS.

8745
05:00:11,193 --> 05:00:14,062
IT DOESN'T SAY YOU HAVE TO USE

8746
05:00:14,129 --> 05:00:20,268
ISO -- THE 8061, RIGHT?

8747
05:00:20,335 --> 05:00:22,237
SO A MACHINE CAN RECEIVE A

8748
05:00:22,304 --> 05:00:23,305
MESSAGE, WHAT DATA IS GOING TO

8749
05:00:23,372 --> 05:00:24,773
BE IN WHAT POSITION.

8750
05:00:24,840 --> 05:00:25,674
SO THAT'S DIFFERENT FROM

8751
05:00:25,741 --> 05:00:27,309
SOMETHING LIKE A LOINC, WHERE

8752
05:00:27,376 --> 05:00:29,177
YOU ACTUALLY HAVE A CODE SYSTEM

8753
05:00:29,244 --> 05:00:31,546
FOR IDENTIFYING LABORATORY OR

8754
05:00:31,613 --> 05:00:32,647
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS WHERE YOU

8755
05:00:32,714 --> 05:00:34,616
HAVE THAT STANDARD OF YOU KNOW

8756
05:00:34,683 --> 05:00:36,718
WHAT INFORMATION IT'S CONVEYING

8757
05:00:36,785 --> 05:00:37,853
BUT IT DOESN'T HAVE THAT

8758
05:00:37,919 --> 05:00:38,653
STRUCTURE INFORMATION SOG YOU

8759
05:00:38,720 --> 05:00:39,054
NEED BOTH.

8760
05:00:39,121 --> 05:00:40,389
SO WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT

8761
05:00:40,455 --> 05:00:41,690
STANDARDS AND START PLANNING FOR

8762
05:00:41,757 --> 05:00:43,392
THE USE OF STANDARDS AND

8763
05:00:43,458 --> 05:00:44,826
IMPLEMENTATION OF STANDARD,

8764
05:00:44,893 --> 05:00:46,995
THERE'S A STANDARD FOR EACH USE

8765
05:00:47,062 --> 05:00:48,864
AND IT REALLY IMPORTANT TO

8766
05:00:48,930 --> 05:00:49,931
UNDERSTAND WHAT STANDARD YOU'RE

8767
05:00:49,998 --> 05:00:51,800
USING AND WHY YOU'RE USING THEM,

8768
05:00:51,867 --> 05:00:52,667
ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU'RE COMING UP

8769
05:00:52,734 --> 05:00:53,835
WITH THE GOVERNANCE FOR DATA

8770
05:00:53,902 --> 05:00:54,803
EXCHANGE.

8771
05:00:54,870 --> 05:00:55,904
THE LAST EXAMPLE I'LL GIVE HERE

8772
05:00:55,971 --> 05:00:57,439
THAT I THINK WILL BE KIND OF AN

8773
05:00:57,506 --> 05:00:58,407
INTERESTING THING TO TALK ABOUT

8774
05:00:58,473 --> 05:00:59,808
LATER IS THE MINIMUM INFORMATION

8775
05:00:59,875 --> 05:01:04,079
ABOUT NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING

8776
05:01:04,146 --> 05:01:07,582
EXPERIMENTS, OR MINSEQE TO

8777
05:01:07,649 --> 05:01:09,317
ENABLE THE UNAMBIGUOUS

8778
05:01:09,384 --> 05:01:10,285
INTERPRETATION AND FACILITATE

8779
05:01:10,352 --> 05:01:11,386
THE REPRODUCTION OF THE RESULTS

8780
05:01:11,453 --> 05:01:11,887
OF THE EXPERIMENT.

8781
05:01:11,953 --> 05:01:13,522
SO THIS IS SPECIFICALLY FOCUSED

8782
05:01:13,588 --> 05:01:14,189
ON RNA SEQ.

8783
05:01:14,256 --> 05:01:15,657
WOULDN'T IT BE AMAZING IF WE HAD

8784
05:01:15,724 --> 05:01:17,893
A SET OF STANDARDS TO DESCRIBE A

8785
05:01:17,959 --> 05:01:20,061
BIOSAMPLE WHERE WE CAN PUT

8786
05:01:20,128 --> 05:01:21,296
TOGETHER BIOSAMPLE INFORMATION

8787
05:01:21,363 --> 05:01:22,764
FROM ALL THESE AMAZING

8788
05:01:22,831 --> 05:01:23,432
REPOSITORIES THAT WE'VE HEARD

8789
05:01:23,498 --> 05:01:25,634
FROM EARLIER AND WE HAD AGREED

8790
05:01:25,700 --> 05:01:27,002
UPON SET OF INFORMATION THAT WE

8791
05:01:27,068 --> 05:01:28,737
WERE GOING TO SHARE ABOUT THOSE

8792
05:01:28,804 --> 05:01:30,739
BIOSAMPLES AND COULD CREATE THAT

8793
05:01:30,806 --> 05:01:32,707
FEDERATED SEARCH OF BIOSAMPLES.

8794
05:01:32,774 --> 05:01:33,775
MAYBE THERE'S SOME LESSONS

8795
05:01:33,842 --> 05:01:35,610
LEARNED WE CAN LAND THERE.

8796
05:01:35,677 --> 05:01:38,180
WHEN I TALK ABOUT STANDARDS, THE

8797
05:01:38,246 --> 05:01:39,681
ONE CUTE LITTLE CARTOON I ALWAYS

8798
05:01:39,748 --> 05:01:41,616
THINK OF, I HAVE TO SHOW IT HERE

8799
05:01:41,683 --> 05:01:42,918
TODAY, WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT

8800
05:01:42,984 --> 05:01:44,453
STANDARDS, IT'S VERY COMMON TO

8801
05:01:44,519 --> 05:01:45,821
GET STUCK INTO THIS TRAP.

8802
05:01:45,887 --> 05:01:48,223
THERE'S 14 COMPETING STANDARDS.

8803
05:01:48,290 --> 05:01:49,124
14 SEEMS RIDICULOUS.

8804
05:01:49,191 --> 05:01:49,691
WE NEED ONE.

8805
05:01:49,758 --> 05:01:51,326
WE NEED A UNIVERSAL STANDARD

8806
05:01:51,393 --> 05:01:53,128
THAT COVERS EVERY USE CASE.

8807
05:01:53,195 --> 05:01:54,229
RIGHT?

8808
05:01:54,296 --> 05:01:55,530
THIS SOUNDS AMAZING.

8809
05:01:55,597 --> 05:01:57,365
WELL, YOU'LL JUST END UP WITH 15

8810
05:01:57,432 --> 05:01:58,667
COMPETING STANDARDS.

8811
05:01:58,733 --> 05:02:00,635
THE ANSWER HERE IS THAT

8812
05:02:00,702 --> 05:02:01,403
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT.

8813
05:02:01,470 --> 05:02:03,038
IT'S NOT CREATING THE NEW

8814
05:02:03,104 --> 05:02:04,539
STANDARD, NOT REINVENTING THE

8815
05:02:04,606 --> 05:02:05,006
WORLD.

8816
05:02:05,073 --> 05:02:06,975
IT'S WORKING WITH THE

8817
05:02:07,042 --> 05:02:07,709
STAKEHOLDERS THAT NEED TO

8818
05:02:07,776 --> 05:02:09,644
IMPROVE THE SYSTEM AND LOOKING

8819
05:02:09,711 --> 05:02:10,879
AT WHAT'S THERE AND HOW TO

8820
05:02:10,946 --> 05:02:11,847
IMPROVE UPON IT.

8821
05:02:11,913 --> 05:02:13,448
SO ONE EXAMPLE I WANT TO GO INTO

8822
05:02:13,515 --> 05:02:15,750
IS THE GA4GH.

8823
05:02:15,817 --> 05:02:16,952
SO IS THAT STANDS FOR THE

8824
05:02:17,018 --> 05:02:21,423
GLOABLG ALLIANCE FOR GENOMICS

8825
05:02:21,490 --> 05:02:21,723
AND HEALTH.

8826
05:02:21,790 --> 05:02:23,425
IT WAS A NON-PROFIT FOUNDED IN

8827
05:02:23,492 --> 05:02:25,460
2013 REASONLY FOCUSED ON GLOBAL

8828
05:02:25,527 --> 05:02:26,761
INTEROPERABILITY OF GENOMIC AND

8829
05:02:26,828 --> 05:02:27,162
HEALTH DATA.

8830
05:02:27,229 --> 05:02:29,030
IT FOCUS ON BUILDING TECHNICAL

8831
05:02:29,097 --> 05:02:30,332
STANDARDS, POLICY FRAME WORKS,

8832
05:02:30,398 --> 05:02:32,601
AND THE TOOLS TO EXPAND

8833
05:02:32,667 --> 05:02:33,835
RESPONSIBLE VOLUNTARY AND SECURE

8834
05:02:33,902 --> 05:02:37,439
USE OF GENOMIC AND OTHER

8835
05:02:37,506 --> 05:02:39,074
HEALTH-RELATED DATA.

8836
05:02:39,140 --> 05:02:41,643
SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT MAKES

8837
05:02:41,710 --> 05:02:42,911
THE GH4GH VERY INTERESTING IS

8838
05:02:42,978 --> 05:02:44,012
THEY'RE VERY INTERESTING IN THE

8839
05:02:44,079 --> 05:02:45,480
WAY THEY VIEW STANDARDS AND LOOK

8840
05:02:45,547 --> 05:02:46,748
AT DATA INTEROPERABILITY IN THE

8841
05:02:46,815 --> 05:02:48,650
NARROW FIELD OF GENOMICS HEALTH.

8842
05:02:48,717 --> 05:02:52,087
THEY HAVE A NUMBER OF PRODUCTS

8843
05:02:52,153 --> 05:02:54,990
THAT ARE FOCUSED ON MAKING

8844
05:02:55,056 --> 05:02:55,724
INTEROPERABILITY A MORE

8845
05:02:55,790 --> 05:02:56,191
ACCESSIBLE GOAL.

8846
05:02:56,258 --> 05:02:58,126
THINGS LIKE PASSPORTS FOR

8847
05:02:58,193 --> 05:03:02,063
CONTROL DATA ACCESS, THEY HAVE A

8848
05:03:02,130 --> 05:03:03,365
PROGRAM -- A DATA REPOSITORY

8849
05:03:03,431 --> 05:03:05,333
SERVICE FOR DATA FILE ACCESS,

8850
05:03:05,400 --> 05:03:07,602
DATA USE ONTOLOGY FOR STANDARD

8851
05:03:07,669 --> 05:03:09,371
OF LANGUAGE FOR DATA

8852
05:03:09,437 --> 05:03:12,741
PERMISSIONS, DATA CONNECT AND

8853
05:03:12,807 --> 05:03:14,142
BEACON, AND A LOT OF OTHER

8854
05:03:14,209 --> 05:03:14,809
WORKS.

8855
05:03:14,876 --> 05:03:16,878
IF THIS IS THE FIRST TIME YOU'VE

8856
05:03:16,945 --> 05:03:21,383
HEARD OF GA4GH, I STRONGLY

8857
05:03:21,449 --> 05:03:22,517
ENCOURAGE YOU TO GO TO THEIR

8858
05:03:22,584 --> 05:03:22,984
WEBSITE.

8859
05:03:23,051 --> 05:03:23,952
THERE'S A LOT OF DIFFERENT

8860
05:03:24,019 --> 05:03:25,453
PRODUCTS THERE THAT ARE REALLY

8861
05:03:25,520 --> 05:03:26,555
HELPING ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS,

8862
05:03:26,621 --> 05:03:30,592
AND THEY REALLY LOOK AT IT FROM

8863
05:03:30,659 --> 05:03:32,661
THE FULL 3D PICTURE.

8864
05:03:32,727 --> 05:03:34,195
SO I DON'T PROBABLY NEED TO TELL

8865
05:03:34,262 --> 05:03:35,864
THIS GROUP THIS BUT JUST TO

8866
05:03:35,931 --> 05:03:37,232
LEVELSET, THE IMPACT ON

8867
05:03:37,299 --> 05:03:38,300
INTEROPERABILITY ON RESEARCH IS

8868
05:03:38,366 --> 05:03:38,967
VAST, RIGHT?

8869
05:03:39,034 --> 05:03:41,036
WE CAN ACCELERATE THE PACE OF

8870
05:03:41,102 --> 05:03:42,170
RESEARCH AND DISCOVERY.

8871
05:03:42,237 --> 05:03:44,306
IF YOU CAN COMBINE DATASETS,

8872
05:03:44,372 --> 05:03:48,376
YOU'VE GOT MULTIMODAL DATA,

8873
05:03:48,443 --> 05:03:49,711
YOU'VE GOT -- WE HAVE TO BE ABLE

8874
05:03:49,778 --> 05:03:50,946
TO BRING THAT DATA TOGETHER.

8875
05:03:51,012 --> 05:03:53,582
IT ENABLES THE SEAMLESS ACCESS

8876
05:03:53,648 --> 05:03:57,319
TO DIVERSE DATASETS AND EXPED

8877
05:03:57,385 --> 05:03:58,920
EXPEDITES AND ENHANCES OUR

8878
05:03:58,987 --> 05:04:00,555
UNDERSTANDING OF DISEASE

8879
05:04:00,622 --> 05:04:02,958
MECHANISMS AND EXPEDITES -- I

8880
05:04:03,024 --> 05:04:04,025
PERSONALLY COME FROM A RARE

8881
05:04:04,092 --> 05:04:06,094
DISEASE BACKGROUND SO THE

8882
05:04:06,161 --> 05:04:07,195
ABILITY TO BRING DATA TOGETHER

8883
05:04:07,262 --> 05:04:11,566
IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTANDING A

8884
05:04:11,633 --> 05:04:12,767
LOT OF THESE DISEASES WHERE WE

8885
05:04:12,834 --> 05:04:13,468
HAVE VERY FEW PATIENTS.

8886
05:04:13,535 --> 05:04:14,936
SO THE LAST MAJOR TOPIC I WANT

8887
05:04:15,003 --> 05:04:16,905
TO TALK ABOUT IS DATA PRIVACY

8888
05:04:16,972 --> 05:04:19,074
AND SECURITY.

8889
05:04:19,140 --> 05:04:20,742
ENSURING THIS IS A CRITICAL

8890
05:04:20,809 --> 05:04:22,177
ASPECT OF DATA INTEROPERABILITY

8891
05:04:22,243 --> 05:04:24,546
BUT IS OFTEN ON A CONSTANT

8892
05:04:24,613 --> 05:04:25,747
BALANCING SCALE WITH ALLOWING

8893
05:04:25,814 --> 05:04:33,154
SEARCH AND FIND ABLABILITY DATA.

8894
05:04:33,221 --> 05:04:33,955
SAFEGUARDING SENSITIVE PATIENT

8895
05:04:34,022 --> 05:04:35,223
INFORMATION FROM UNAUTHORIZED

8896
05:04:35,290 --> 05:04:36,725
ACCESS AND BREACHES WHILE

8897
05:04:36,791 --> 05:04:37,859
FACILITATING DATA SHARING.

8898
05:04:37,926 --> 05:04:40,895
THINKING ABOUT PATIENT SECURITY

8899
05:04:40,962 --> 05:04:42,631
AND SENSITIVE INFORMATION AND

8900
05:04:42,697 --> 05:04:44,499
PII AND PHI AND ALL THOSE GREAT

8901
05:04:44,566 --> 05:04:45,700
THINGS, WE ALSO HAVE TO THINK

8902
05:04:45,767 --> 05:04:47,335
ABOUT OUR IT SECURITY, OUR

8903
05:04:47,402 --> 05:04:49,738
HOSPITAL SECURITY, AND MAKING

8904
05:04:49,804 --> 05:04:51,373
SURE THAT THAT DATA STAYS

8905
05:04:51,439 --> 05:04:53,141
SECURE.

8906
05:04:53,208 --> 05:04:54,943
SO FOR ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS,

8907
05:04:55,010 --> 05:04:56,044
OBTAINING PATIENT CONSENT FOR

8908
05:04:56,111 --> 05:04:58,179
DATA USE AND UPHOLDING THE

8909
05:04:58,246 --> 05:05:01,716
PRINCIPLES OF DATA MINIMIZATION

8910
05:05:01,783 --> 05:05:02,384
AND PURPOSE LIMITATION.

8911
05:05:02,450 --> 05:05:04,252
I THINK THAT LAST ONE IS

8912
05:05:04,319 --> 05:05:04,886
COMPLICATED TO EXECUTE.

8913
05:05:04,953 --> 05:05:06,421
WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT ALL THE

8914
05:05:06,488 --> 05:05:07,489
DIFFERENT DATA USE AGREEMENTS

8915
05:05:07,555 --> 05:05:10,358
YOU HAVE TO SIGN WITH ALL THE

8916
05:05:10,425 --> 05:05:14,062
DIFFERENT -- I THINK THE DATA

8917
05:05:14,129 --> 05:05:15,363
MINIMIZATION GETS LOST IN THE

8918
05:05:15,430 --> 05:05:17,866
SENSE OF MAKING SURE THE RIGHT

8919
05:05:17,932 --> 05:05:19,300
BETA IS THE RIGHT PEOPLE AT THE

8920
05:05:19,367 --> 05:05:20,168
RIGHT TIME FOR THE RIGHT PERIOD

8921
05:05:20,235 --> 05:05:20,402
OF TIME.

8922
05:05:20,468 --> 05:05:21,569
ALL OF THOSE THINGS HAVE TO BE

8923
05:05:21,636 --> 05:05:23,304
CONSIDERED WHEN COMING UP WITH A

8924
05:05:23,371 --> 05:05:25,940
DATA GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE.

8925
05:05:26,007 --> 05:05:27,042
AND SOMETIMES IT'S AN THET CAL

8926
05:05:27,108 --> 05:05:29,444
TO ACTUALLY SHARING AND MAKING

8927
05:05:29,511 --> 05:05:30,612
DATA INTEROPERABILITY BUT IT

8928
05:05:30,679 --> 05:05:31,713
STILL A VERY NECESSARY PIECE

8929
05:05:31,780 --> 05:05:33,682
THAT HAS TO BE DISCUSSED.

8930
05:05:33,748 --> 05:05:38,486
SO WHERE IS THE FUTURE OF

8931
05:05:38,553 --> 05:05:39,487
BIOMEDICAL DATA

8932
05:05:39,554 --> 05:05:39,921
INTEROPERABILITY?

8933
05:05:39,988 --> 05:05:42,524
I THINK WE'VE HAD A GREAT FEW

8934
05:05:42,590 --> 05:05:44,059
TALKS HERE TO TALK ABOUT OUR

8935
05:05:44,125 --> 05:05:47,128
VISUAL INTELLIGENCE TO HELP

8936
05:05:47,195 --> 05:05:48,763
STREAMLINE DATA ANALYSIS.

8937
05:05:48,830 --> 05:05:52,801
IT'S A REALLY POWERFUL TOOL.

8938
05:05:52,867 --> 05:05:55,303
IT USES A.I. TO GENERATE

8939
05:05:55,370 --> 05:05:56,838
SEMANTIC LAYERS OVER DATA SO YOU

8940
05:05:56,905 --> 05:06:02,944
CAN GIVE IT A BUNCH OF DESPER

8941
05:06:03,011 --> 05:06:04,345
DESPERATE -- AS YOU'RE MANUALLY

8942
05:06:04,412 --> 05:06:05,246
PUTTING DATA TOGETHER SAYING

8943
05:06:05,313 --> 05:06:06,981
THIS IS BODY WEIGHT OVER HERE

8944
05:06:07,048 --> 05:06:09,718
AND IT WAS CODED THIS WAY AND IT

8945
05:06:09,784 --> 05:06:13,722
WAS COATED IN POUNDS AND ONE IS

8946
05:06:13,788 --> 05:06:16,691
IN KILOGRAMS -- THAT LEARNS FROM

8947
05:06:16,758 --> 05:06:17,892
YOU AND START MAKING THOSE

8948
05:06:17,959 --> 05:06:18,927
CONNECTIONS ON ITS OWN.

8949
05:06:18,993 --> 05:06:20,762
IT'S NOT PERFECT BUT IT'S AN

8950
05:06:20,829 --> 05:06:21,663
INTERESTING TOOL AND HAS BEEN

8951
05:06:21,730 --> 05:06:24,265
REALLY FUN TO WORK WITH.

8952
05:06:24,332 --> 05:06:25,366
THE OTHER SIDE HAS IT TOO,

8953
05:06:25,433 --> 05:06:25,767
RIGHT?

8954
05:06:25,834 --> 05:06:28,937
SO AS WE ADVANCE IN OUR ABILITY

8955
05:06:29,003 --> 05:06:33,441
TO INTEROPERATE DATA -- THERE IS

8956
05:06:33,508 --> 05:06:35,510
A CONCERN RIGHT NOW WITH 3D

8957
05:06:35,577 --> 05:06:35,744
IMAGING.

8958
05:06:35,810 --> 05:06:38,780
IF YOU HAVE AN MRI, CAN YOU

8959
05:06:38,847 --> 05:06:41,516
RECONSTRUCT IT AND USE FACIAL

8960
05:06:41,583 --> 05:06:42,650
RECOGNITION SOFTWARE TO IDENTIFY

8961
05:06:42,717 --> 05:06:43,251
A PATIENT?

8962
05:06:43,318 --> 05:06:49,157
HOW COULD YOU SHARE MRI DATA IF

8963
05:06:49,224 --> 05:06:53,495
Y.YOU CONVOLUTE EVERY OTHER SLIE

8964
05:06:53,561 --> 05:06:56,164
AND TRY TO TRIP UP PATIENT

8965
05:06:56,231 --> 05:06:56,464
RECOGNITION.

8966
05:06:56,531 --> 05:06:57,465
THAT'S A REAL SECURITY PROBLEM

8967
05:06:57,532 --> 05:06:58,533
BEING FACED RIGHT NOW.

8968
05:06:58,600 --> 05:07:00,602
ONE OF THE MAIN REASONS SHARING

8969
05:07:00,668 --> 05:07:03,338
IMAGING DATA IS SO DIFFICULT.

8970
05:07:03,404 --> 05:07:04,405
BLOCKCHAIN IS A REALLY

8971
05:07:04,472 --> 05:07:06,040
INTERESTING PERSPECTIVE FOR

8972
05:07:06,107 --> 05:07:09,677
PROVIDING A SECURE -- IT'S A

8973
05:07:09,744 --> 05:07:12,313
VERY DIFFERENT MODEL FOR

8974
05:07:12,380 --> 05:07:13,581
SECURITY THAT DELOITTE HAS BEEN

8975
05:07:13,648 --> 05:07:16,217
WORKING AT VERY CLOSELY, MORE SO

8976
05:07:16,284 --> 05:07:17,652
WITH OUR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERS

8977
05:07:17,719 --> 05:07:19,287
BUT IT IS AN INTERESTING

8978
05:07:19,354 --> 05:07:20,889
PERSPECTIVE ON HOW TO PROVIDE A

8979
05:07:20,955 --> 05:07:21,890
SECURE DATA TRANSFER.

8980
05:07:21,956 --> 05:07:23,658
AND THEN ONE OF MY FAVORITE

8981
05:07:23,725 --> 05:07:28,229
TOPICS AND WHERE WHICH -- YOU

8982
05:07:28,296 --> 05:07:29,731
CAN FACILITATE DATA EXCHANGE OF

8983
05:07:29,798 --> 05:07:30,932
HIGHLY DIVERSE AND EXPANSIVE

8984
05:07:30,999 --> 05:07:33,434
DATA SYSTEMS MUCH LIKE WE HAVE

8985
05:07:33,501 --> 05:07:34,669
IN MEDICAL RESEARCH THROUGH A

8986
05:07:34,736 --> 05:07:36,070
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT DATA

8987
05:07:36,137 --> 05:07:37,005
GOVERNANCE METHODOLOGIES.

8988
05:07:37,071 --> 05:07:38,773
ON THE LEFT YOU CAN SEE THIS IS

8989
05:07:38,840 --> 05:07:40,775
PULLED OFF A GRAPH AND AT THE

8990
05:07:40,842 --> 05:07:44,245
BOTTOM LEFT, YOU HAVE HIGH LOW

8991
05:07:44,312 --> 05:07:45,346
CENTRALIZED DATA, AND AS YOU

8992
05:07:45,413 --> 05:07:49,284
MOVE UP TO THE RIGHT TO A --

8993
05:07:49,350 --> 05:07:50,485
DECENTRALIZED GOVERNANCE OF YOUR

8994
05:07:50,552 --> 05:07:52,453
DATA, SO AS YOU MOVE ACROSS THE

8995
05:07:52,520 --> 05:07:56,491
DIFFERENT NODES IN THE DATA

8996
05:07:56,558 --> 05:07:58,126
MEGS, THEY'RE AT CONNECTED

8997
05:07:58,193 --> 05:07:59,527
THROUGH A SEMANTIC LAYER AND YOU

8998
05:07:59,594 --> 05:08:00,628
ALLOW THE DIFFERENT POINTS, THEY

8999
05:08:00,695 --> 05:08:01,796
COULD BE DIFFERENT HOSPITALS,

9000
05:08:01,863 --> 05:08:03,598
THEY COULD BE DIFFERENT

9001
05:08:03,665 --> 05:08:06,201
DEPARTMENTS WITHIN A HOSPITAL,

9002
05:08:06,267 --> 05:08:07,635
TO GOVERN THEIR OWN DATA BUT IN

9003
05:08:07,702 --> 05:08:08,736
A FRAMEWORK THAT YOU CAN STILL

9004
05:08:08,803 --> 05:08:09,838
BRING THAT DATA TOGETHER.

9005
05:08:09,904 --> 05:08:11,206
SO YOU TALK ABOUT THE VASTNESS

9006
05:08:11,272 --> 05:08:15,810
OF BIOMEDICAL DATA, THESE TOOLS

9007
05:08:15,877 --> 05:08:17,478
BECOME -- I SWORE I WAS NOT

9008
05:08:17,545 --> 05:08:21,616
GOING TO SAY THE WORD GEN A.I.,

9009
05:08:21,683 --> 05:08:23,585
YOU CAN ACTUALLY DO THIS

9010
05:08:23,651 --> 05:08:25,887
AUTOMATICALLY WITHOUT THE

9011
05:08:25,954 --> 05:08:27,488
HUMAN -- YOU'RE ALWAYS -- BUT

9012
05:08:27,555 --> 05:08:29,691
WITH LESS HUMAN EFFORT IN

9013
05:08:29,757 --> 05:08:34,395
CURATING DATA.

9014
05:08:34,462 --> 05:08:39,834
SO WHAT DOES THE FUTURE OF

9015
05:08:39,901 --> 05:08:41,436
BIOMEDICAL DATA INTEROPERABILITY

9016
05:08:41,502 --> 05:08:42,370
LOOK LIKE?

9017
05:08:42,437 --> 05:08:43,571
MODIFYING AND MATURING THE ONES

9018
05:08:43,638 --> 05:08:45,974
THAT WE HAVE TO MAKE THEM USEFUL

9019
05:08:46,040 --> 05:08:48,276
AND MEANINGFUL TO THE RESEARCH

9020
05:08:48,343 --> 05:08:51,646
THAT WE'RE DOING TODAY.

9021
05:08:51,713 --> 05:08:53,381
THEY NEED TO BE LOOKED AT WITH A

9022
05:08:53,448 --> 05:08:54,582
CRITICAL EYE AND REALIZED THAT

9023
05:08:54,649 --> 05:08:57,986
IT'S GOING TO TAKE A LOT OF WORK

9024
05:08:58,052 --> 05:08:59,187
TO PIM PLEMENT THESE

9025
05:08:59,254 --> 05:09:01,155
TECHNOLOGIES IN A MEANINGFUL,

9026
05:09:01,222 --> 05:09:03,224
USEFUL WAY BUT IT'S WELL WORTH

9027
05:09:03,291 --> 05:09:03,791
THE EFFORT.

9028
05:09:03,858 --> 05:09:04,292
AND THAT IS IT.

9029
05:09:04,359 --> 05:09:10,131
THANK YOU.

9030
05:09:10,198 --> 05:09:11,199
>> THANK YOU.

9031
05:09:11,266 --> 05:09:12,500
OUR FINAL SPEAKER FOR THIS

9032
05:09:12,567 --> 05:09:14,802
SESSION IS DR. REBECCA ROSEN.

9033
05:09:14,869 --> 05:09:16,304
SHE'S THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE

9034
05:09:16,371 --> 05:09:18,640
OF DATA SCIENCE AND SHARING AT

9035
05:09:18,706 --> 05:09:20,041
THE NICHD, AND SHE'S GOING TO

9036
05:09:20,108 --> 05:09:22,410
GIVE US AN UPDATE ON THE NICHD

9037
05:09:22,477 --> 05:09:32,720
DATA STRATEGY.

9038
05:09:36,257 --> 05:09:40,795
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH TO OUR

9039
05:09:40,862 --> 05:09:44,699
COLLEAGUES AN INVOIGT INVITING O

9040
05:09:44,766 --> 05:09:47,001
CLOSE OUT THE PANEL BEFORE THE

9041
05:09:47,068 --> 05:09:48,236
BREAKOUT SESSIONS.

9042
05:09:48,303 --> 05:09:48,870
I'M REBECCA ROSEN.

9043
05:09:48,937 --> 05:09:49,938
I'M GOING TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT

9044
05:09:50,004 --> 05:09:51,272
SOME OF THE STRATEGIES AND

9045
05:09:51,339 --> 05:09:53,775
FOUNDATIONAL WORK WE ARE DOING

9046
05:09:53,841 --> 05:09:57,178
AMONGST THE NICHD COMMUNITY TO

9047
05:09:57,245 --> 05:09:58,579
SUPPORT THE SCIENCE WE'VE BEEN

9048
05:09:58,646 --> 05:09:59,447
TALKING ABOUT TODAY.

9049
05:09:59,514 --> 05:10:03,017
OUR OFFICE WAS ESTABLISHED IN

9050
05:10:03,084 --> 05:10:05,119
2021 AS PART OF THE NICHD

9051
05:10:05,186 --> 05:10:15,663
STRATEGIC PLAN 2020 VISION.

9052
05:10:15,897 --> 05:10:16,731
-- FOR POPULATIONS I THINK

9053
05:10:16,798 --> 05:10:26,274
WE'RE SEEING HERE -- [INAUDIBLE]

9054
05:10:26,341 --> 05:10:28,209
ACHIEVING A VISION IS TWOFOLD.

9055
05:10:28,276 --> 05:10:31,813
OUR MISSION IS TO, ONE, DEVELOP

9056
05:10:31,879 --> 05:10:37,285
SECURE AND -- ALSO ADVISING BEST

9057
05:10:37,352 --> 05:10:38,386
PRACTICES -- ACROSS THE RESEARCH

9058
05:10:38,453 --> 05:10:40,021
AND FUNDING LIFECYCLES.

9059
05:10:40,088 --> 05:10:42,156
>> REBECCA, I'M SO SORRY TO

9060
05:10:42,223 --> 05:10:42,490
INTERRUPT YOU.

9061
05:10:42,557 --> 05:10:44,926
WE'RE HAVING A LITTLE BIT HARD

9062
05:10:44,993 --> 05:10:46,127
TIME HEARING YOU, AND YOU CAN

9063
05:10:46,194 --> 05:10:47,495
ALSO TRY TURNING OFF YOUR CAMERA

9064
05:10:47,562 --> 05:10:48,930
TO RELEASE A LITTLE BIT OF

9065
05:10:48,997 --> 05:10:50,031
BANDWIDTH IF THAT MAY BE

9066
05:10:50,098 --> 05:10:59,240
HELPFUL.

9067
05:10:59,307 --> 05:11:00,208
>> IS THAT BETTER?

9068
05:11:00,274 --> 05:11:01,309
>> MUCH BETTER SPHWHR. AWESOME.

9069
05:11:01,376 --> 05:11:01,943
THANK YOU.

9070
05:11:02,010 --> 05:11:02,510
SO GOOD TIMING.

9071
05:11:02,577 --> 05:11:03,578
THANK YOU FOR INTERRUPTING ME.

9072
05:11:03,644 --> 05:11:04,979
I REALLY DO APPRECIATE THAT.

9073
05:11:05,046 --> 05:11:06,414
DIDN'T WANT TO BE THAT PERSON

9074
05:11:06,481 --> 05:11:09,784
NOT HEARD.

9075
05:11:09,851 --> 05:11:10,685
SO A KEY DRIVER FOR EVERYTHING

9076
05:11:10,752 --> 05:11:12,653
THAT WE DO IN OUR OFFICE IS NIH

9077
05:11:12,720 --> 05:11:14,055
POLICY FOR DATA MANAGEMENT AND

9078
05:11:14,122 --> 05:11:14,489
SHARING.

9079
05:11:14,555 --> 05:11:16,457
SO IT WENT INTO EFFECT FOR ALL

9080
05:11:16,524 --> 05:11:17,425
APPLICATIONS RECEIVED FOR

9081
05:11:17,492 --> 05:11:19,193
FUNDING TO NIH IN JANUARY OF

9082
05:11:19,260 --> 05:11:20,795
LAST YEAR, SO FOR ABOUT A YEAR

9083
05:11:20,862 --> 05:11:22,997
AND A HALF NOW, ALL RESEARCHERS

9084
05:11:23,064 --> 05:11:25,400
APPLYING FOR NIH FUNDING ARE

9085
05:11:25,466 --> 05:11:26,701
REQUIRED TO PLAN FOR HOW THEIR

9086
05:11:26,768 --> 05:11:28,436
DATA AND METADATA WILL BE

9087
05:11:28,503 --> 05:11:29,871
MANAGED AND SHARED AND DO THAT

9088
05:11:29,937 --> 05:11:31,072
IN THE DATA MANAGEMENT AND

9089
05:11:31,139 --> 05:11:32,940
SHARING PLAN.

9090
05:11:33,007 --> 05:11:37,979
THE ONLY OTHER RIERM FOR THE RES

9091
05:11:38,046 --> 05:11:40,782
THAT RESEARCHERS, ONCE THEY'RE

9092
05:11:40,848 --> 05:11:44,085
AWAWARDED GRANT DBD THAT THEY

9093
05:11:44,152 --> 05:11:45,486
COMPLY WITH NIH APPROVED PLANS.

9094
05:11:45,553 --> 05:11:47,121
THE POLICY LAYS OUT A REALLY

9095
05:11:47,188 --> 05:11:48,990
NICE SET OF EXPECTATIONS THAT

9096
05:11:49,057 --> 05:11:52,360
GETS US TO THE TYPES OF HIGH

9097
05:11:52,427 --> 05:11:53,361
QUALITY DATA THAT WE'VE BEEN

9098
05:11:53,428 --> 05:11:54,362
TALKING ABOUT TODAY.

9099
05:11:54,429 --> 05:11:55,797
RESEARCHERS ARE EXPECTED TO

9100
05:11:55,863 --> 05:11:57,098
MAXIMIZE DATA SHARING.

9101
05:11:57,165 --> 05:12:00,802
THEY'RE EXPECTED TO SHARE DATA

9102
05:12:00,868 --> 05:12:01,903
AND ESTABLISH REPOSITORIES AND

9103
05:12:01,969 --> 05:12:03,704
IN A TIMELY MANNER, EITHER AT

9104
05:12:03,771 --> 05:12:09,243
THE TIME OF APPLICATION OR THE

9105
05:12:09,310 --> 05:12:11,546
END OF THE AWARD PERIOD,

9106
05:12:11,612 --> 05:12:13,381
WHICHEVER COMES FIRST.

9107
05:12:13,448 --> 05:12:16,117
DATA SHARING IS THE ACT OF

9108
05:12:16,184 --> 05:12:16,951
MAKING SCIENTIFIC DATA AVAILABLE

9109
05:12:17,018 --> 05:12:18,853
FOR USE BY OTHERS, THE LARGER

9110
05:12:18,920 --> 05:12:20,755
RESEARCH COMMUNITY,

9111
05:12:20,822 --> 05:12:21,389
INSTITUTIONS, THE BROADER

9112
05:12:21,456 --> 05:12:21,823
PUBLIC.

9113
05:12:21,889 --> 05:12:23,724
FOR EXAMPLE, VIA AN ESTABLISHED

9114
05:12:23,791 --> 05:12:24,025
REPOSITORY.

9115
05:12:24,092 --> 05:12:25,193
AND THIS IS SOMETHING WE'RE

9116
05:12:25,259 --> 05:12:28,029
HEARING A LOT ABOUT TODAY.

9117
05:12:28,096 --> 05:12:29,130
WHERE ARE THE DATA, WHERE ARE

9118
05:12:29,197 --> 05:12:29,997
THE BIOSPECIMENS.

9119
05:12:30,064 --> 05:12:31,065
WELL, IT REALLY HELPS WHEN

9120
05:12:31,132 --> 05:12:32,467
THEY'RE IN AN ESTABLISHED

9121
05:12:32,533 --> 05:12:33,468
LOCATION THAT HAS THE RESOURCES

9122
05:12:33,534 --> 05:12:36,204
TO TAKE CARE OF THEM AND TO MAKE

9123
05:12:36,270 --> 05:12:38,473
THEM ACCESSIBLE AND FINDABLE TO

9124
05:12:38,539 --> 05:12:39,740
THE BROADER RESEARCH COMMUNITY.

9125
05:12:39,807 --> 05:12:42,210
WE ARE WORKING WITHIN OUR NICHD

9126
05:12:42,276 --> 05:12:43,845
DATA SHARING COMMITTEE, WHICH IS

9127
05:12:43,911 --> 05:12:45,913
REPRESENTATIVES FROM ALL OF OUR

9128
05:12:45,980 --> 05:12:48,316
SCIENTIFIC BRANCHES AS WELL AS

9129
05:12:48,382 --> 05:12:50,818
FROM OUR INTRAMURAL COLLEAGUES

9130
05:12:50,885 --> 05:12:52,453
TO GENERATE GUIDANCE FOR OUR

9131
05:12:52,520 --> 05:12:54,655
RESEARCHES IN DEVELOPING OUT

9132
05:12:54,722 --> 05:12:55,890
THEIR PLANS AND THESE ARE POSTED

9133
05:12:55,957 --> 05:12:58,059
ON THE ODSS WEBSITE AS TIPS.

9134
05:12:58,126 --> 05:12:59,694
WE REMIND OUR RESEARCHERS AND

9135
05:12:59,760 --> 05:13:01,362
ALSO OUR STAFF THAT GOOD DATA

9136
05:13:01,429 --> 05:13:02,430
MANAGEMENT AND SHARING IS

9137
05:13:02,497 --> 05:13:04,132
CRITICAL TO GOOD RESEARCH, IT'S

9138
05:13:04,198 --> 05:13:05,199
PART OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS,

9139
05:13:05,266 --> 05:13:09,604
IT'S NO THE A COMPL NOT A COMPLX

9140
05:13:09,670 --> 05:13:10,738
AND IN ORDER TO PLAN, YOU SHOULD

9141
05:13:10,805 --> 05:13:11,606
PLAN AT THE OUTSET AND THIS IS

9142
05:13:11,672 --> 05:13:13,241
THE BEAUTY OF THE POLICY, YOU'RE

9143
05:13:13,307 --> 05:13:15,443
WRITING YOUR PLAN AS YOU'RE

9144
05:13:15,510 --> 05:13:16,544
WRITING YOUR APPLICATION.

9145
05:13:16,611 --> 05:13:17,512
YOU'RE IDENTIFYING WHICH DATA

9146
05:13:17,578 --> 05:13:19,046
YOU'RE GENERATING AND WHICH HAVE

9147
05:13:19,113 --> 05:13:23,885
AND WHICH DATAYOU'LL BE SHARINGL

9148
05:13:23,951 --> 05:13:25,520
BE SHARING AND WHEN ARE YOU

9149
05:13:25,586 --> 05:13:27,155
SHARING THOSE DATA AND ARE YOU

9150
05:13:27,221 --> 05:13:28,456
USING AN ESTABLISHED REPOSITORY,

9151
05:13:28,523 --> 05:13:29,223
BECAUSE YOU SHOULD.

9152
05:13:29,290 --> 05:13:30,424
OF COURSE THAT HELPS YOU TO

9153
05:13:30,491 --> 05:13:33,261
IDENTIFY YOUR METADATA STANDARDS

9154
05:13:33,327 --> 05:13:37,198
AND IT HELPS YOU IDENTIFY OTHER

9155
05:13:37,265 --> 05:13:38,299
TYPES OF ACCESS.

9156
05:13:38,366 --> 05:13:39,967
KEY POINT HERE IS IT IS

9157
05:13:40,034 --> 05:13:42,003
APPROPRIATE SOMETIMES TO LIMIT

9158
05:13:42,069 --> 05:13:44,739
SHARING BASED ON SPECIFIC

9159
05:13:44,805 --> 05:13:47,909
JUSTIFIABLE LIMITATIONS, LAWS,

9160
05:13:47,975 --> 05:13:49,777
IRB REQUIREMENTS, ET CETERA.

9161
05:13:49,844 --> 05:13:51,412
WHAT'S KEY IS THAT IN WRITING

9162
05:13:51,479 --> 05:13:52,613
THE MANAGEMENT AND SHARING

9163
05:13:52,680 --> 05:13:54,348
PLANS, IT IS CLEARLY WRITTEN WHY

9164
05:13:54,415 --> 05:13:55,783
THERE ARE LIMITATIONS ON DATA

9165
05:13:55,850 --> 05:13:56,117
SHARING.

9166
05:13:56,184 --> 05:13:59,053
SO THAT WE, NIH AND OUR

9167
05:13:59,120 --> 05:14:01,689
REPOSITORIES CAN WORK TOGETHER

9168
05:14:01,756 --> 05:14:03,191
TO WHAT ARE PERCEIVED AND REAL

9169
05:14:03,257 --> 05:14:06,060
BARRIERS TO DATA SHARING.

9170
05:14:06,127 --> 05:14:07,929
NOW THAT WE HAVE ALL OF THESE

9171
05:14:07,995 --> 05:14:09,330
DATA COMING, WE KNOW THAT OUR

9172
05:14:09,397 --> 05:14:11,532
OFFICE HAS TO DEVELOP OUT THE

9173
05:14:11,599 --> 05:14:12,733
FOUNDATIONAL RESOURCE FOR

9174
05:14:12,800 --> 05:14:14,468
RESEARCHERS TO FIND AND USE

9175
05:14:14,535 --> 05:14:16,904
THOSE DATA FOR RESPONSIBLE AND

9176
05:14:16,971 --> 05:14:17,772
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH.

9177
05:14:17,838 --> 05:14:18,873
WE'VE HAD TODAY WE HAVE A NUMBER

9178
05:14:18,940 --> 05:14:20,174
OF EXISTING RESOURCES THAT WE

9179
05:14:20,241 --> 05:14:22,610
ARE NOW DEVELOPING UP AND

9180
05:14:22,677 --> 05:14:24,445
DEVELOPING CONNECTIONS WITH.

9181
05:14:24,512 --> 05:14:26,514
OUR ECOSYSTEM IS COMPRISED OF

9182
05:14:26,581 --> 05:14:28,816
PEOPLE, DATA, PROCESSES AND

9183
05:14:28,883 --> 05:14:30,351
TECHNOLOGIES, TO SUPPORT OUR

9184
05:14:30,418 --> 05:14:31,319
DATA SCIENCE AND SHARING NEEDS.

9185
05:14:31,385 --> 05:14:33,955
WE HAVE AN NICHD ECOSYSTEM

9186
05:14:34,021 --> 05:14:35,256
WORKING GROUP.

9187
05:14:35,323 --> 05:14:36,991
ALSO A DATA SHARING COMMITTEE,

9188
05:14:37,058 --> 05:14:38,960
IT'S COMPRISED OF OUR EXTRAMURAL

9189
05:14:39,026 --> 05:14:40,828
AND INTRAMURAL STAFF AND THEY'VE

9190
05:14:40,895 --> 05:14:41,896
DEVELOPED THESE PRINCIPLES THAT

9191
05:14:41,963 --> 05:14:43,764
GUIDE OUR DEVELOPMENT OF OUR

9192
05:14:43,831 --> 05:14:44,599
ECOSYSTEM.

9193
05:14:44,665 --> 05:14:46,500
ONE LEVERAGING ECK SITION

9194
05:14:46,567 --> 05:14:47,935
RESOURCES, AND THEN TWO, USE

9195
05:14:48,002 --> 05:14:49,670
HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN-BUILT FOR

9196
05:14:49,737 --> 05:14:50,972
REAL NEED SO THAT YOU CAN TEST

9197
05:14:51,038 --> 05:14:52,073
WHAT YOU BUILT AND MAKE SURE

9198
05:14:52,139 --> 05:14:53,608
THAT IT ADDRESSES THOSE NEEDS.

9199
05:14:53,674 --> 05:14:55,243
AND THE USERS WHO SHOULD BE

9200
05:14:55,309 --> 05:14:56,344
GIVING US THE NEEDS SHOULD BE

9201
05:14:56,410 --> 05:14:56,978
DIVERSE.

9202
05:14:57,044 --> 05:14:59,847
THIS SHOULD COME FROM OUR

9203
05:14:59,914 --> 05:15:01,415
RESEARCHERS, DEVELOPERS AND MANY

9204
05:15:01,482 --> 05:15:01,949
OTHER COMMUNITY MEMBERS.

9205
05:15:02,016 --> 05:15:03,451
THE WORK WE DEVELOP SHOULD BE

9206
05:15:03,517 --> 05:15:04,318
UTILIZING EXISTING STANDARDS.

9207
05:15:04,385 --> 05:15:05,653
WE'VE HEARD A LOT OF ABOUT THAT

9208
05:15:05,720 --> 05:15:06,988
TODAY, AND PRIVACY AND SECURITY

9209
05:15:07,054 --> 05:15:09,557
NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED IN ALL

9210
05:15:09,624 --> 05:15:11,525
NEW WORK THAT WE DEVELOP AND

9211
05:15:11,592 --> 05:15:11,959
DESIGN.

9212
05:15:12,026 --> 05:15:14,395
SO OUR OFFICE IN COLLABORATION

9213
05:15:14,462 --> 05:15:16,030
WITH ALL OF THE NICHD GROUPS

9214
05:15:16,097 --> 05:15:18,232
THAT I'VE MENTIONED AND ALSO OUR

9215
05:15:18,299 --> 05:15:19,834
RESEARCHER COMMUNITY, WE HAVE

9216
05:15:19,900 --> 05:15:22,136
TWO PARALLEL ACTIVITIES THAT WE

9217
05:15:22,203 --> 05:15:23,137
ARE WORKING ON.

9218
05:15:23,204 --> 05:15:25,873
FIRST WE ARE ASSESSING THE NICHD

9219
05:15:25,940 --> 05:15:27,608
RELEVANT DATA REPOSITORIES TO

9220
05:15:27,675 --> 05:15:28,809
BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT WE NEED

9221
05:15:28,876 --> 05:15:31,779
FOR SUSTAINABILITY, AND ALSO FOR

9222
05:15:31,846 --> 05:15:32,413
INTEROPERABILITY.

9223
05:15:32,480 --> 05:15:36,584
SO IT'S ANOTHER INTEROPERABILITY

9224
05:15:36,651 --> 05:15:38,753
MEASURE, YOU'LL HEAR MORE ON

9225
05:15:38,819 --> 05:15:40,288
THAT FROM ME TODAY.

9226
05:15:40,354 --> 05:15:42,156
ALSO COLLECTING AND PRIORITIZING

9227
05:15:42,223 --> 05:15:43,324
USER STORIES FROM OUR COMMUNITY.

9228
05:15:43,391 --> 05:15:45,660
SO I WILL FIRST GIVE AN OVERVIEW

9229
05:15:45,726 --> 05:15:47,194
OF HOW WE'RE ASSESSING THE

9230
05:15:47,261 --> 05:15:48,062
REPOSITORIES.

9231
05:15:48,129 --> 05:15:51,132
SO WE HAVE IDENTIFIED OVER 100

9232
05:15:51,198 --> 05:15:52,033
DATA REPOSITORIES THAT WE

9233
05:15:52,099 --> 05:15:53,534
CONSIDER TO BE PART OF OUR

9234
05:15:53,601 --> 05:15:53,868
ECOSYSTEM.

9235
05:15:53,934 --> 05:15:55,169
YOU'VE HEARD A FEW OF THEM

9236
05:15:55,236 --> 05:15:55,970
MENTIONED TODAY BUT THERE ARE

9237
05:15:56,037 --> 05:15:56,604
MANY MORE.

9238
05:15:56,671 --> 05:15:58,673
THESE ARE ALL REPOSITORIES WHERE

9239
05:15:58,739 --> 05:16:00,207
OUR RESEARCHERS SUBMIT OR ACCESS

9240
05:16:00,274 --> 05:16:00,775
DATA.

9241
05:16:00,841 --> 05:16:04,278
WE PULL DOWN VARIABLES FOR THIS

9242
05:16:04,345 --> 05:16:05,680
ASSESSMENT FROM A NUMBER OF

9243
05:16:05,746 --> 05:16:07,348
EXISTING DOCUMENTS, AND WE'VE

9244
05:16:07,415 --> 05:16:08,983
BUCKETED THEM INTO FOUR DOMAINS.

9245
05:16:09,050 --> 05:16:09,884
SUPPORTING THE DATA MANAGEMENT

9246
05:16:09,950 --> 05:16:12,887
AND SHARING POLICY, USING DATA,

9247
05:16:12,953 --> 05:16:14,555
THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE

9248
05:16:14,622 --> 05:16:18,826
REPOSITORY, AND ALSO HAVING

9249
05:16:18,893 --> 05:16:20,728
GOVERNMENT SECURE DATA.

9250
05:16:20,795 --> 05:16:24,432
AS WE ARE ASSESSING ALL OF THESE

9251
05:16:24,498 --> 05:16:25,199
REPOSITORIES, AT THE SAME TIME,

9252
05:16:25,266 --> 05:16:28,035
WE ARE COLLECTING USER STORIES.

9253
05:16:28,102 --> 05:16:30,671
AND SO THESE USER STORIES ARE

9254
05:16:30,738 --> 05:16:32,073
BEING COLLECTED IN A STANDARD

9255
05:16:32,139 --> 05:16:32,406
FORMAT.

9256
05:16:32,473 --> 05:16:34,041
ONE OF MY COLLEAGUES, MY DEPUTY,

9257
05:16:34,108 --> 05:16:36,344
IS ON THE CALL TODAY AND

9258
05:16:36,410 --> 05:16:38,245
COLLECTING SOME OF THESE STORIES

9259
05:16:38,312 --> 05:16:39,747
FROM HER DISCUSSIONS.

9260
05:16:39,814 --> 05:16:41,215
THE USER STORIES ALLOW US TO

9261
05:16:41,282 --> 05:16:42,583
HEAR WHAT OUR DIVERSE USER

9262
05:16:42,650 --> 05:16:43,684
COMMUNITIES WANT TO BE ABLE TO

9263
05:16:43,751 --> 05:16:45,119
DO IN THE DATA ECOSYSTEM AND

9264
05:16:45,186 --> 05:16:46,187
WHY, AND WHY THEY CAN'T

9265
05:16:46,253 --> 05:16:47,388
CURRENTLY DO IT.

9266
05:16:47,455 --> 05:16:49,690
AND THESE USER STORIES DRIVE OUR

9267
05:16:49,757 --> 05:16:51,659
STRATEGY FOR ECOSYSTEM

9268
05:16:51,726 --> 05:16:52,460
IMPROVEMENTS.

9269
05:16:52,526 --> 05:16:55,062
SO THE FORMAT OF OUR USER STORY

9270
05:16:55,129 --> 05:16:56,397
IS WHAT DO YOU WANT TO DO AND

9271
05:16:56,464 --> 05:16:57,798
WHY CAN'T YOU DO IT TODAY?

9272
05:16:57,865 --> 05:17:00,401
SO AS AN EXAMPLE, AS A PROGRAM

9273
05:17:00,468 --> 05:17:01,635
OFFICER, I WANT TO BUILD A

9274
05:17:01,702 --> 05:17:03,137
CENTRAL PLACE FOR MY RESEARCHERS

9275
05:17:03,204 --> 05:17:06,207
TO FIND AND USE GLOBAL HIV

9276
05:17:06,273 --> 05:17:07,408
DATAMENT SOME OF THOSE DATA

9277
05:17:07,475 --> 05:17:09,944
RESIDE IN DASH, SOME ARE IMPORT,

9278
05:17:10,010 --> 05:17:11,479
SOME ARE IN OTHER PLACES.

9279
05:17:11,545 --> 05:17:12,346
SOME ARE CONTROLS.

9280
05:17:12,413 --> 05:17:14,515
BUT THERE'S NO SPECIFIC PORTAL I

9281
05:17:14,582 --> 05:17:16,150
CAN USE TO MAKE ALL THOSE

9282
05:17:16,217 --> 05:17:17,184
RELEVANT DATA FINDABLE.

9283
05:17:17,251 --> 05:17:18,486
SO HOW ARE WE GOING TO ADDRESS

9284
05:17:18,552 --> 05:17:19,553
THAT, WHAT ARE WE GOING TO

9285
05:17:19,620 --> 05:17:20,888
BUILD, WHAT ALREADY EXISTS.

9286
05:17:20,955 --> 05:17:23,391
AND SO WE ARE SHARING THESE

9287
05:17:23,457 --> 05:17:25,793
STORIES PUBLICLY ON A GITHUB

9288
05:17:25,860 --> 05:17:26,761
REPOSITORY AND I'LL SHARE THE

9289
05:17:26,827 --> 05:17:28,863
LINK BECAUSE IT JUST WENT OFF

9290
05:17:28,929 --> 05:17:30,297
PUBLIC TODAY.

9291
05:17:30,364 --> 05:17:32,700
WE ARE FINDING IN OUR USER

9292
05:17:32,767 --> 05:17:35,770
STORIES THEY GENERALLY POINT TO

9293
05:17:35,836 --> 05:17:37,104
A NEED FOR INTEROPERABILITY AT

9294
05:17:37,171 --> 05:17:37,638
THREE LEVELS.

9295
05:17:37,705 --> 05:17:39,173
SO I KNOW WE'VE HEARD A LOT WITH

9296
05:17:39,240 --> 05:17:42,109
DATA INTEROPERABILITY.

9297
05:17:42,176 --> 05:17:44,178
AS WE SEE WE DEVELOP COMPONENTS

9298
05:17:44,245 --> 05:17:45,413
OF THE ECOSYSTEM, WE NOTICE WE

9299
05:17:45,479 --> 05:17:47,448
NEED GOVERNANCE

9300
05:17:47,515 --> 05:17:48,115
INTEROPERABILITY, SYSTEM

9301
05:17:48,182 --> 05:17:49,316
INTEROPERABILITY AND DATA

9302
05:17:49,383 --> 05:17:49,984
INTEROPERABILITY.

9303
05:17:50,050 --> 05:17:52,620
WHAT WE MEAN BY GOVERNANCE

9304
05:17:52,686 --> 05:17:55,890
INTEROPERABILITY IS MAKING SURE

9305
05:17:55,956 --> 05:17:56,657
RESEARCHERS UNDERSTAND WHAT THE

9306
05:17:56,724 --> 05:17:58,058
RULES ARE IN ORDER TO GET AND

9307
05:17:58,125 --> 05:17:59,727
USE THE DATA IN DIFFERENT

9308
05:17:59,794 --> 05:18:00,361
SYSTEMS.

9309
05:18:00,428 --> 05:18:02,463
WE HEARD ENOUGH ABOUT DATA

9310
05:18:02,530 --> 05:18:03,431
INTEROPERABILITY SO I DON'T NEED

9311
05:18:03,497 --> 05:18:05,633
TO REPEAT THAT.

9312
05:18:05,699 --> 05:18:06,967
BY SYSTEM INTEROPERABILITY, WE

9313
05:18:07,034 --> 05:18:09,136
MEAN THE SYSTEMS CAN TALK TO ONE

9314
05:18:09,203 --> 05:18:10,771
ANOTHER USING APIs OR WEB

9315
05:18:10,838 --> 05:18:14,375
SERVICES IN A STANDARD LANGUAGE.

9316
05:18:14,442 --> 05:18:15,776
SO FOR THE REST OF THE

9317
05:18:15,843 --> 05:18:16,777
PRESENTATION, I'M GOING TO WALK

9318
05:18:16,844 --> 05:18:19,914
THROUGH ONE USER STORY FOR EACH

9319
05:18:19,980 --> 05:18:21,382
OF THOSE INTEROPERABILITY LEVELS

9320
05:18:21,449 --> 05:18:22,483
AND TALK THROUGH WHAT WE EITHER

9321
05:18:22,550 --> 05:18:23,884
HAVE DONE OR ARE CURRENTLY DOING

9322
05:18:23,951 --> 05:18:28,823
TO ADDRESS THE USER STORIES.

9323
05:18:28,889 --> 05:18:30,257
ON A GOVERNANCE LEVEL, THIS WAS

9324
05:18:30,324 --> 05:18:32,860
EARLY DAYS WHEN OUR OFFICE JUST

9325
05:18:32,927 --> 05:18:35,162
STOOD UP AND COVID STUDIES WERE

9326
05:18:35,229 --> 05:18:36,363
HAPPENING ALL ACROSS NIH.

9327
05:18:36,430 --> 05:18:38,766
NOW WE HEARD FROM OUR

9328
05:18:38,833 --> 05:18:39,767
RESEARCHERS, WE WANTED TO BE

9329
05:18:39,834 --> 05:18:41,302
ABLE TO COMBINE PARTICIPANT

9330
05:18:41,368 --> 05:18:42,970
LEVEL DATA FROM PEDIATRIC COVID

9331
05:18:43,037 --> 05:18:44,038
STUDIES THAT WERE BEING FUNDED

9332
05:18:44,104 --> 05:18:45,372
BY DIFFERENT INSTITUTES AND

9333
05:18:45,439 --> 05:18:46,474
STORED IN DIFFERENT DATA

9334
05:18:46,540 --> 05:18:47,541
REPOSITORIES.

9335
05:18:47,608 --> 05:18:51,045
THEY HAD A FEELING THAT THE SAME

9336
05:18:51,111 --> 05:18:52,646
CHILDREN BEING RECRUITED FOR

9337
05:18:52,713 --> 05:18:54,148
MULTIPLE STUDIES BUT THEY DIDN'T

9338
05:18:54,215 --> 05:18:56,417
HAVE A WAY TO KNOW BECAUSE THEY

9339
05:18:56,484 --> 05:18:57,751
COULD NOT SHARE PII.

9340
05:18:57,818 --> 05:19:00,354
SO WE HAD AN IDEA THAT PRIVACY

9341
05:19:00,421 --> 05:19:01,455
PRESERVING RECORD LINK J WAS A

9342
05:19:01,522 --> 05:19:03,357
WAY TO ACCOMPLISH THIS

9343
05:19:03,424 --> 05:19:04,325
TECHNICALLY BUT WE DIDN'T KNOW

9344
05:19:04,391 --> 05:19:05,759
ON A GOVERNANCE LEVEL IF THIS

9345
05:19:05,826 --> 05:19:06,393
WOULD BE POSSIBLE.

9346
05:19:06,460 --> 05:19:09,029
SO WE DID AN ANALYSIS OF 13

9347
05:19:09,096 --> 05:19:10,264
EXISTING RECORD LINKAGE

9348
05:19:10,331 --> 05:19:11,065
IMPLEMENTATIONS TO UNDERSTAND

9349
05:19:11,131 --> 05:19:11,999
WHAT OTHERS HAD DONE IN A

9350
05:19:12,066 --> 05:19:13,000
SIMILAR SITUATION.

9351
05:19:13,067 --> 05:19:14,969
AND WHAT WE DID WAS WE

9352
05:19:15,035 --> 05:19:17,371
IDENTIFIED A PRETTY SIMPLE THREE

9353
05:19:17,438 --> 05:19:19,240
BUT ACTUALLY A LITTLE MORE

9354
05:19:19,306 --> 05:19:20,608
DIFFICULT TO IMPLEMENT CHECKLIST

9355
05:19:20,674 --> 05:19:21,542
OF CONSIDERATIONS THAT ANY GROUP

9356
05:19:21,609 --> 05:19:24,712
OF STAKEHOLDERS NEEDS TO COME

9357
05:19:24,778 --> 05:19:26,146
TOGETHER AND ADDRESS IN ORDER TO

9358
05:19:26,213 --> 05:19:28,115
SET UP CORRECT LINKAGE

9359
05:19:28,182 --> 05:19:29,216
IMPLEMENTATION CHECKLISTS.

9360
05:19:29,283 --> 05:19:30,751
THERE IS A LINK FOR THIS AND IT

9361
05:19:30,818 --> 05:19:32,520
IS PUBLISHED ON OUR WEBSITE SO

9362
05:19:32,586 --> 05:19:33,521
I'M NOT GOING TO WALK THROUGH

9363
05:19:33,587 --> 05:19:35,022
THE WHOLE THING BUT PERHAPS WE

9364
05:19:35,089 --> 05:19:37,858
CAN REVISIT IT AT THE BREAKOUTS.

9365
05:19:37,925 --> 05:19:40,060
ON THE DATA INTEROPERABILITY

9366
05:19:40,127 --> 05:19:42,596
LEVEL, SO WE HEARD USER STORIES

9367
05:19:42,663 --> 05:19:43,898
VERY COMMON TO THE ONES WE'RE

9368
05:19:43,964 --> 05:19:44,331
HEARING TODAY.

9369
05:19:44,398 --> 05:19:46,734
SO I THINK YOU'LL RECOGNIZE AS A

9370
05:19:46,800 --> 05:19:48,369
RESEARCHER IN MATERNAL HEALTH, I

9371
05:19:48,435 --> 05:19:50,371
WOULD LIKE A TOOL THAT MAKES IT

9372
05:19:50,437 --> 05:19:52,006
EASIER TO SEARCH FOR

9373
05:19:52,072 --> 05:19:53,641
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH STUDIES IN

9374
05:19:53,707 --> 05:19:54,975
DBGAP AND OTHER DATA

9375
05:19:55,042 --> 05:19:55,509
REPOSITORIES.

9376
05:19:55,576 --> 05:19:56,644
WHY CAN'T YOU DO IT TODAY?

9377
05:19:56,710 --> 05:19:57,811
WELL, THE DATA ARE NOT

9378
05:19:57,878 --> 05:19:59,113
STRUCTURED IN A WAY THAT THERE

9379
05:19:59,179 --> 05:20:00,314
CAN BE AN EXCHANGE BETWEEN

9380
05:20:00,381 --> 05:20:00,681
SYSTEMS.

9381
05:20:00,748 --> 05:20:02,550
WE ALSO HEARD A SIMILAR USER

9382
05:20:02,616 --> 05:20:04,952
STORY ABOUT QUERYING

9383
05:20:05,019 --> 05:20:05,953
BIOSPECIMENS SO YOU CAN BUILD A

9384
05:20:06,020 --> 05:20:08,556
TOOL THAT INDEXES THE DARK AND

9385
05:20:08,622 --> 05:20:14,595
OTHER MATERIAL BIOSPECIMENS, SO

9386
05:20:14,662 --> 05:20:15,596
UNFORTUNATELY DASH DOES NOT HAVE

9387
05:20:15,663 --> 05:20:17,798
AN API TO DO THAT YET SO WE HAVE

9388
05:20:17,865 --> 05:20:20,100
EMBARKED ON A PROJECT TO LOOK AT

9389
05:20:20,167 --> 05:20:27,741
THE DBG DBGAP IMPORT -- WE'LL BE

9390
05:20:27,808 --> 05:20:31,845
BUILDING A SIMPLE LAYER OVER

9391
05:20:31,912 --> 05:20:33,380
THOSE APIs AND A USER

9392
05:20:33,447 --> 05:20:34,381
INTERFACE TO DEMONSTRATE WHAT

9393
05:20:34,448 --> 05:20:36,817
CAN BE DONE WHEN MULTIPLE DATA

9394
05:20:36,884 --> 05:20:39,653
REPOSITORIES USED BY OUR APIs.

9395
05:20:39,720 --> 05:20:42,056
YOU'LL ALSO NOTICE SOME OF THE

9396
05:20:42,122 --> 05:20:43,490
FHIR APIs ARE NOT CONSISTENT,

9397
05:20:43,557 --> 05:20:46,460
SO WE WILL BE COMMUNICATING BACK

9398
05:20:46,527 --> 05:20:49,396
WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE TO ENHANCE

9399
05:20:49,463 --> 05:20:50,731
THOSE FHIR APIs.

9400
05:20:50,798 --> 05:20:56,203
AND FINALLY, WE HAVE SYSTEM

9401
05:20:56,270 --> 05:20:58,272
INTEROPERABILITY.

9402
05:20:58,339 --> 05:21:00,474
SO WE'RE SEEING OUR PERINATOLOGY

9403
05:21:00,541 --> 05:21:08,015
RESEARCHERS -- HOLD ON A SECOND.

9404
05:21:08,082 --> 05:21:08,882
I'M SORRY, EVERYBODY.

9405
05:21:08,949 --> 05:21:09,950
MY THROAT IS CLOSING UP.

9406
05:21:10,017 --> 05:21:20,160
HOLD ON.

9407
05:21:20,427 --> 05:21:21,061
I'M SORRY ABOUT THAT.

9408
05:21:21,128 --> 05:21:21,395
OKAY.

9409
05:21:21,462 --> 05:21:23,097
SO FROM A SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE, WE

9410
05:21:23,163 --> 05:21:24,698
HAD A PERINATOLOGY RESEARCHER

9411
05:21:24,765 --> 05:21:29,269
AND THIS GOES BACK TO WHAT WE

9412
05:21:29,336 --> 05:21:30,604
WERE SAYING AT THE OUTSET OF THE

9413
05:21:30,671 --> 05:21:31,038
WORKSHOP TODAY.

9414
05:21:31,105 --> 05:21:32,906
WE HAVE DATA FROM THAT COHORT

9415
05:21:32,973 --> 05:21:35,576
POSTED IN DASH, BUT THERE'S

9416
05:21:35,643 --> 05:21:36,977
ANOTHER NHLBI-FUNDED COHORT THAT

9417
05:21:37,044 --> 05:21:38,912
IS LIVING IN BIODATA CATALYST.

9418
05:21:38,979 --> 05:21:40,114
NOW WE HEAR FROM RESEARCHERS

9419
05:21:40,180 --> 05:21:42,449
THEY WANT TO BE ABLE TO

9420
05:21:42,516 --> 05:21:43,651
CO-ANALYZE THE NEW MOM TO BE

9421
05:21:43,717 --> 05:21:45,285
COHORT DATA IN THE CLOUD WITHOUT

9422
05:21:45,352 --> 05:21:46,186
DOWNLOADING TO THEIR LOCAL

9423
05:21:46,253 --> 05:21:48,155
MACHINES.

9424
05:21:48,222 --> 05:21:49,256
THAT IS NOT CURRENTLY POSSIBLE

9425
05:21:49,323 --> 05:21:53,494
BECAUSE THE DATA REP REPOSITORIO

9426
05:21:53,560 --> 05:21:55,929
NOT HAVE APIs WITH MOVEMENT OF

9427
05:21:55,996 --> 05:21:56,430
DATA.

9428
05:21:56,497 --> 05:21:57,598
SO WE DEVELOPING WORK SPACES,

9429
05:21:57,665 --> 05:22:00,334
THIS IS AN ONGOING ACTIVITY WITH

9430
05:22:00,401 --> 05:22:03,871
NIH ACROSS THE NIH COLLEAGUES TO

9431
05:22:03,937 --> 05:22:06,373
USE STANDARD APIs FOR OUR DATA

9432
05:22:06,440 --> 05:22:09,443
REPOSITORIES TO EXCHANGE

9433
05:22:09,510 --> 05:22:10,644
AUTHENTICATION -- AS WELL AS TO

9434
05:22:10,711 --> 05:22:13,714
EXCHANGE DATA SO WE'RE USING THE

9435
05:22:13,781 --> 05:22:17,484
RESEARCHER -- SERVICE HERE AND

9436
05:22:17,551 --> 05:22:19,086
REPOSITORY SERVICE WE JUST HER

9437
05:22:19,153 --> 05:22:21,488
LAURA TALK ABOUT.

9438
05:22:21,555 --> 05:22:23,624
SO CONSIDERATIONS FOR T TODAY'S

9439
05:22:23,691 --> 05:22:23,924
WORKSHOP.

9440
05:22:23,991 --> 05:22:26,527
THIS GOES BACK TO WHAT AARON HAD

9441
05:22:26,593 --> 05:22:27,761
SAID AT THE VERY OUTSET OF THE

9442
05:22:27,828 --> 05:22:28,095
WORKSHOP.

9443
05:22:28,162 --> 05:22:30,164
WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU,

9444
05:22:30,230 --> 05:22:31,598
BUILDING MATERNAL HEALTH,

9445
05:22:31,665 --> 05:22:32,366
INNOVATION, KNOWLEDGE RESOURCE.

9446
05:22:32,433 --> 05:22:33,801
SO WITH THAT, YOU'VE HEARD ME

9447
05:22:33,867 --> 05:22:35,903
KIND OF WALK THROUGH THESE

9448
05:22:35,969 --> 05:22:36,870
STORIES ALREADY SO I WON'T

9449
05:22:36,937 --> 05:22:38,439
REPEAT THEM BUT AGAIN I WANT TO

9450
05:22:38,505 --> 05:22:39,440
THANK EVERYBODY FOR BRINGING

9451
05:22:39,506 --> 05:22:41,075
TOGETHER THESE FANTASTIC USER

9452
05:22:41,141 --> 05:22:43,010
STORIES AND FANTASTIC RESEARCH,

9453
05:22:43,077 --> 05:22:44,078
AND I LOOK FORWARD TO THE

9454
05:22:44,144 --> 05:22:44,478
BREAKOUT SESSIONS.

9455
05:22:44,545 --> 05:22:53,954
THANK YOU.

9456
05:22:54,021 --> 05:22:55,022
>> THANK YOU, DR. ROSEN.

9457
05:22:55,089 --> 05:22:57,224
WE HAVE ABOUT FIVE MINUTES LEFT

9458
05:22:57,291 --> 05:22:58,992
IN THE SESSION FOR A PANEL

9459
05:22:59,059 --> 05:23:00,828
DISCUSSION, IF OUR PANELISTS

9460
05:23:00,894 --> 05:23:02,262
WOULD LIKE TO -- IF ANYONE HAS

9461
05:23:02,329 --> 05:23:12,806
QUESTIONS FOR THE PANELISTS.

9462
05:23:15,309 --> 05:23:16,376
WE CAN SAVE QUESTIONS FOR THE

9463
05:23:16,443 --> 05:23:18,112
BREAKOUT SESSION OR --

9464
05:23:18,178 --> 05:23:20,314
>> QUICK QUESTION.

9465
05:23:20,380 --> 05:23:22,950
YOU MUST TALK ABOUT THE

9466
05:23:23,016 --> 05:23:27,454
FOUNDATIONAL A.I. MODEL FOR

9467
05:23:27,521 --> 05:23:28,322
MEDICAL DATA.

9468
05:23:28,388 --> 05:23:29,857
SO WHEN YOU SAY FOUNDATIONAL

9469
05:23:29,923 --> 05:23:35,129
A.I., DO YOU MEAN LABEL THE DATA

9470
05:23:35,195 --> 05:23:39,399
AROUND THE A.I. MODEL TO GET --

9471
05:23:39,466 --> 05:23:40,367
UNSUPERVISED VERSION OR

9472
05:23:40,434 --> 05:23:42,269
SUPERVISED VERSION?

9473
05:23:42,336 --> 05:23:44,772
>> WHEN I TALKED ABOUT

9474
05:23:44,838 --> 05:23:46,874
FOUNDATION MODELS AND THE

9475
05:23:46,940 --> 05:23:47,941
LANGUAGE GETS -- PEOPLE HAVE

9476
05:23:48,008 --> 05:23:49,643
STRONG FEELINGS ABOUT FOUNDATION

9477
05:23:49,710 --> 05:23:51,578
VERSUS FOUNDATIONAL AND THEY

9478
05:23:51,645 --> 05:23:53,313
TECHNICALLY MAY MEAN DIFFERENT

9479
05:23:53,380 --> 05:23:54,414
THINGS, BUT WHAT I WAS

9480
05:23:54,481 --> 05:23:57,417
PARTICULARLY TALKING ABOUT WAS

9481
05:23:57,484 --> 05:24:00,120
NOT SUPERVISED OR UNSUPERVISED,

9482
05:24:00,187 --> 05:24:01,555
IT WAS SELF-SUPERVISED, WHERE

9483
05:24:01,622 --> 05:24:04,191
JUST LIKE TRANSFORMERS, YOU

9484
05:24:04,258 --> 05:24:05,292
LEARN FROM THE EXISTING DATA

9485
05:24:05,359 --> 05:24:07,060
THAT YOU HAVE REGARDLESS OF

9486
05:24:07,127 --> 05:24:11,565
WHETHER YOU HAVE LABELS ON --

9487
05:24:11,632 --> 05:24:16,069
>> THE EMBEDDED --

9488
05:24:16,136 --> 05:24:17,404
>> IT HAS AN ENCODER COMPONENT

9489
05:24:17,471 --> 05:24:27,548
TO IT, YES.

9490
05:24:27,614 --> 05:24:35,222
>> I HAVE A QUESTION FOR -- I'M

9491
05:24:35,289 --> 05:24:42,663
SORRY, I FORGOT YOUR NAME.

9492
05:24:42,729 --> 05:24:46,166
SO YOU INTRODUCED TWO

9493
05:24:46,233 --> 05:24:49,369
A.I.-BASED -- TO PREDICT

9494
05:24:49,436 --> 05:24:50,804
POLYGENIC RISK OF -- IS THERE

9495
05:24:50,871 --> 05:24:57,244
ANY WAY LIKE -- BECAUSE SOME FOR

9496
05:24:57,311 --> 05:24:59,880
EXAMPLE WITH HEART DISEASE, WE

9497
05:24:59,947 --> 05:25:00,881
IDENTIFY SEVERAL -- MUTATIONS

9498
05:25:00,948 --> 05:25:03,784
BUT THE PANCREAS IS PRETTY LOW.

9499
05:25:03,851 --> 05:25:04,918
USING YOUR PLATFORM, IS THERE

9500
05:25:04,985 --> 05:25:09,423
ANY WAY YOU CAN PREDICT

9501
05:25:09,489 --> 05:25:11,491
POLYGENIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED

9502
05:25:11,558 --> 05:25:17,097
WITH SPECIFIC TRAIT AND USING

9503
05:25:17,164 --> 05:25:20,234
YOUR PREDICTION, HOW APPROACH --

9504
05:25:20,300 --> 05:25:23,470
USE TO VALIDATE YOUR PREDICTION?

9505
05:25:23,537 --> 05:25:24,671
>> THANKS FOR THE QUESTION.

9506
05:25:24,738 --> 05:25:26,306
SO THE SCIENCE PAPER, AND I CAN

9507
05:25:26,373 --> 05:25:30,277
SEND TO YOU, THEY LOOKED AT

9508
05:25:30,344 --> 05:25:31,645
ABOUT 80 DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES IN

9509
05:25:31,712 --> 05:25:33,780
THE UK BIOBANK COHORT AND BUILT

9510
05:25:33,847 --> 05:25:35,782
RARE VARIANT POLYGENIC RISK

9511
05:25:35,849 --> 05:25:39,052
SCORES AND THEY HAVE

9512
05:25:39,119 --> 05:25:40,220
VARYING DEGREES OF ACCURACY.

9513
05:25:40,287 --> 05:25:42,222
THEY'RE BEST AT FINDING THE

9514
05:25:42,289 --> 05:25:42,890
OUTLIER INDIVIDUALS AT THE

9515
05:25:42,956 --> 05:25:45,859
HIGHEST LEVELS OF RISK.

9516
05:25:45,926 --> 05:25:47,494
I THINK IT STILL NEEDS MORE

9517
05:25:47,561 --> 05:25:48,262
VALIDATION BUT IT DEFINITELY WAS

9518
05:25:48,328 --> 05:25:51,765
A PROMISING APPROACH TO TRY TO

9519
05:25:51,832 --> 05:25:53,634
IMPROVE UPON AREAS WHERE WE

9520
05:25:53,700 --> 05:25:55,168
THINK PRSs ARE PROMISING BUT

9521
05:25:55,235 --> 05:25:59,339
THAT THEY'VE HAD CHALLENGES DUE

9522
05:25:59,406 --> 05:26:01,241
TO ANCESTRY BIAS, ET CETERA.

9523
05:26:01,308 --> 05:26:04,211
SO IT'S A NEW FIELD BUT I THINK

9524
05:26:04,278 --> 05:26:05,646
YOU CAN SEE THE PAPER AND THEN

9525
05:26:05,712 --> 05:26:07,047
HOPEFULLY THERE WILL BE MORE

9526
05:26:07,114 --> 05:26:08,649
RESEARCH COMING TO VALIDATE IT.

9527
05:26:08,715 --> 05:26:09,249
>> OKAY.

9528
05:26:09,316 --> 05:26:13,854
THANK YOU.

9529
05:26:13,921 --> 05:26:15,289
>> THAT WILL CONCLUDE THE

9530
05:26:15,355 --> 05:26:15,622
SESSION.

9531
05:26:15,689 --> 05:26:17,024
I BELIEVE WE HAVE A BREAK AND

9532
05:26:17,090 --> 05:26:18,558
THEN ZHAOXIA DO YOU HAVE MORE

9533
05:26:18,625 --> 05:26:19,893
INFORMATION ON THE BREAKOUTS?

9534
05:26:19,960 --> 05:26:23,730
>> SO WE ARE JUST FINISHING UP

9535
05:26:23,797 --> 05:26:25,299
ON TIME, SO I GUESS YOU STILL

9536
05:26:25,365 --> 05:26:28,669
HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS YOU CAN

9537
05:26:28,735 --> 05:26:30,003
SAVE INTO THE QUESTION TO THE

9538
05:26:30,070 --> 05:26:30,270
BREAKOUTS.

9539
05:26:30,337 --> 05:26:33,974
SO WE HAVE A 15-MINUTE BREAK,

9540
05:26:34,041 --> 05:26:37,678
SO FIRST OFF, BEFORE WE DIVE

9541
05:26:37,744 --> 05:26:39,880
INTO THE BREAKOUT GROUP RECAPS,

9542
05:26:39,947 --> 05:26:42,616
I JUST WANT TO AGAIN THANK

9543
05:26:42,683 --> 05:26:44,351
MELISSA, ZHAOXIA AND HANI FOR

9544
05:26:44,418 --> 05:26:46,353
PULLING THIS MEETING TOGETHER,

9545
05:26:46,420 --> 05:26:47,554
ORGANIZING IT, AND I WANT TO

9546
05:26:47,621 --> 05:26:48,422
THANK ALL THE SPEAKERS AND

9547
05:26:48,488 --> 05:26:49,456
EVERYBODY ELSE THAT TRAVELED

9548
05:26:49,523 --> 05:26:52,359
HERE TODAY TO LEAD TO THIS GREAT

9549
05:26:52,426 --> 05:26:52,659
DISCUSSION.

9550
05:26:52,726 --> 05:26:53,760
AND I ALSO WANT TO THANK

9551
05:26:53,827 --> 05:26:56,163
EVERYBODY THAT TOOK TIME OUT OF

9552
05:26:56,229 --> 05:26:57,164
THEIR DAY, WHETHER YOU'RE

9553
05:26:57,230 --> 05:26:58,565
WATCHING IT LIVE OR YOU'RE

9554
05:26:58,632 --> 05:27:01,101
TAKING TIME TO WATCH IT ON

9555
05:27:01,168 --> 05:27:03,403
VIDEOCAST, THANK YOU FOR THAT AS

9556
05:27:03,470 --> 05:27:05,138
WELL.

9557
05:27:05,205 --> 05:27:07,441
SO WHAT I'D LIKE TO DO, WE HAVE

9558
05:27:07,507 --> 05:27:08,208
ABOUT 29 MINUTES LEFT, SO EACH

9559
05:27:08,275 --> 05:27:09,743
OF THE THREE GROUP LEADERS WILL

9560
05:27:09,810 --> 05:27:14,147
GO THROUGH THEIR COMMENTS AND

9561
05:27:14,214 --> 05:27:15,549
SORT OF A SUMMARY OF WHAT THEY

9562
05:27:15,615 --> 05:27:18,485
HEARD, AND AGAIN, WE REALLY WANT

9563
05:27:18,552 --> 05:27:20,787
TO THINK ABOUT WHAT WE CAN DO

9564
05:27:20,854 --> 05:27:21,888
WITH WHAT WE HAVE, WHAT WE CAN

9565
05:27:21,955 --> 05:27:23,957
DO IN THE FUTURE, HOW WE CAN DO

9566
05:27:24,024 --> 05:27:25,926
THINGS BETTER, AS WELL AS ANY

9567
05:27:25,993 --> 05:27:26,526
RECOMMENDATIONS/THOUGHTS ABOUT

9568
05:27:26,593 --> 05:27:27,361
HOW WE CAN CONTINUE THIS

9569
05:27:27,427 --> 05:27:28,929
CONVERSATION OR CONVERSATIONS,

9570
05:27:28,996 --> 05:27:29,596
AND WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT

9571
05:27:29,663 --> 05:27:30,964
THINGS WE CAN FOLLOW UP ON.

9572
05:27:31,031 --> 05:27:33,266
SO WITH THAT, I WILL TURN TO

9573
05:27:33,333 --> 05:27:37,537
MELISSA AND HARINA FOR THE GROUP

9574
05:27:37,604 --> 05:27:38,238
ONE SUMMARY.

9575
05:27:38,305 --> 05:27:40,907
>> OKAY.

9576
05:27:40,974 --> 05:27:42,209
HARINA AND I WILL TAG-TEAM THIS

9577
05:27:42,275 --> 05:27:45,712
HERE.

9578
05:27:45,779 --> 05:27:50,417
SO WITH REGARD TO EXISTING

9579
05:27:50,484 --> 05:27:56,556
BIOREPOSITORIES THERE IS

9580
05:27:56,623 --> 05:27:58,125
ADMITTEDLY A LACK OF DIVERSITY

9581
05:27:58,191 --> 05:28:01,395
IN MANY OF THE BIOREPOSITORIES.

9582
05:28:01,461 --> 05:28:03,864
SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WAS

9583
05:28:03,930 --> 05:28:06,166
DISCUSSED IS SIMPLY ACCESSING

9584
05:28:06,233 --> 05:28:08,135
THE PATIENTS.

9585
05:28:08,201 --> 05:28:12,105
ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE LOOKING AT

9586
05:28:12,172 --> 05:28:13,974
OR COLLECTING SAMPLES DURING

9587
05:28:14,041 --> 05:28:16,143
PREGNANCY, OFTENTIMES YOU MAY

9588
05:28:16,209 --> 05:28:19,312
MISS SOME OF THE PATIENTS THAT

9589
05:28:19,379 --> 05:28:22,849
WOULD HAVE A LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC

9590
05:28:22,916 --> 05:28:26,186
STATUS OR NOT HAVE ACCESS TO

9591
05:28:26,253 --> 05:28:27,187
HEALTHCARE OR MIGHT BE IN A

9592
05:28:27,254 --> 05:28:27,954
RURAL ENVIRONMENT, SO YOU'RE

9593
05:28:28,021 --> 05:28:30,257
GOING TO MISS THE FIRST COUPLE

9594
05:28:30,323 --> 05:28:31,992
OF SAMPLE COLLECTIONS THAT ARE

9595
05:28:32,059 --> 05:28:34,828
POSSIBLE EARLIER IN PREGNANCY,

9596
05:28:34,895 --> 05:28:38,131
BUT IF AN ISSUE MATERIALIZES,

9597
05:28:38,198 --> 05:28:40,067
THEN THEY WILL SHOW UP LATER IN

9598
05:28:40,133 --> 05:28:42,469
THEIR PREGNANCY.

9599
05:28:42,536 --> 05:28:44,337
SO YOU'RE LOSING A LITTLE BIT OF

9600
05:28:44,404 --> 05:28:47,841
ACCESS THERE ESPECIALLY FOR

9601
05:28:47,908 --> 05:28:48,375
LONGITUDAL SAMPLES.

9602
05:28:48,442 --> 05:28:51,144
ONE OF THE WAYS TO GET AROUND

9603
05:28:51,211 --> 05:28:54,614
THIS IS ACTIVE COMMUNITY

9604
05:28:54,681 --> 05:28:59,753
ENGAGEMENT, ENGAGING IN

9605
05:28:59,820 --> 05:29:01,621
COORDINATORS THAT CAN SPEAK THE

9606
05:29:01,688 --> 05:29:03,590
LANGUAGE OF THE COMMUNITIES THAT

9607
05:29:03,657 --> 05:29:09,062
YOU'RE TRYING TO ACCESS, AND

9608
05:29:09,129 --> 05:29:10,597
ETHNIC OR RACIAL GROUPS OR

9609
05:29:10,664 --> 05:29:11,698
SPECIFIC POPULATIONS THAT YOU'RE

9610
05:29:11,765 --> 05:29:19,439
TRYING TO ACCESS AS WELL.

9611
05:29:19,506 --> 05:29:21,675
>> SO OTHER THINGS THAT WERE

9612
05:29:21,741 --> 05:29:23,310
DISCUSSED THAT HELP WITH THIS

9613
05:29:23,376 --> 05:29:24,478
WERE PATIENT ENGAGEMENT

9614
05:29:24,544 --> 05:29:26,113
INITIATIVES, HAVING TRANSLATED

9615
05:29:26,179 --> 05:29:28,115
MATERIALS USING A TRANSLATOR

9616
05:29:28,181 --> 05:29:30,283
APPROVED BY THE IRB, CONSENT

9617
05:29:30,350 --> 05:29:34,988
FORM AND THE RECRUITMENT

9618
05:29:35,055 --> 05:29:38,825
MATERIALS, ETHNICALLY DIVERSE

9619
05:29:38,892 --> 05:29:42,762
GROUPS COULD BE EFFECTIVE.

9620
05:29:42,829 --> 05:29:47,667
>> SO ANOTHER TOPIC THAT CAME UP

9621
05:29:47,734 --> 05:29:50,770
IS FUTURE-PROOFING YOUR

9622
05:29:50,837 --> 05:29:51,705
BIOREPOSITORY.

9623
05:29:51,771 --> 05:29:54,241
IT'S BEING TACKLED IN A COUPLE

9624
05:29:54,307 --> 05:29:57,811
OF DIFFERENT WAYS.

9625
05:29:57,878 --> 05:29:59,880
BY COLLECTING A WIDE VARIETY OF

9626
05:29:59,946 --> 05:30:04,151
SAMPLE TYPES, BY HAVING ALIQUOTS

9627
05:30:04,217 --> 05:30:06,786
THAT ARE OF A SIZE THAT IS OF

9628
05:30:06,853 --> 05:30:11,358
MOST UTILITY YET WILL NOT BE

9629
05:30:11,424 --> 05:30:17,364
WASTED THROUGH REALIQUOTING.

9630
05:30:17,430 --> 05:30:18,498
ANOTHER RECOMMENDATION WAS THE

9631
05:30:18,565 --> 05:30:21,334
USE OF A.I. OR INSILICO DATA

9632
05:30:21,401 --> 05:30:24,938
ANALYSIS, AND THEN GETTING

9633
05:30:25,005 --> 05:30:30,177
SAMPLES FOR USE AFTER THE DATA

9634
05:30:30,243 --> 05:30:32,913
ANALYTICS ON EXISTING DATA AND

9635
05:30:32,979 --> 05:30:34,648
INFORMATION THAT'S AVAILABLE.

9636
05:30:34,714 --> 05:30:35,882
AND THEN OF COURSE TO DO THIS,

9637
05:30:35,949 --> 05:30:38,285
YOU WOULD ALSO NEED ACCESS

9638
05:30:38,351 --> 05:30:39,786
HOPEFULLY NOT ONLY TO THE

9639
05:30:39,853 --> 05:30:41,588
ELECTRONIC OR MEDICAL RECORD

9640
05:30:41,655 --> 05:30:43,523
DATA THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE

9641
05:30:43,590 --> 05:30:47,027
SAMPLE, BUT HOPEFULLY ACCESS TO

9642
05:30:47,093 --> 05:30:48,762
THE RESULTS OF ANALYSES THAT

9643
05:30:48,828 --> 05:30:50,630
HAVE ALREADY BEEN PERFORMED THAT

9644
05:30:50,697 --> 05:30:52,699
COULD LEAD YOU FOO A SPECIFIC

9645
05:30:52,766 --> 05:30:54,234
DIRECTION OR ANSWER CERTAIN

9646
05:30:54,301 --> 05:30:55,635
QUESTIONS BEFORE YOU GO IN AND

9647
05:30:55,702 --> 05:30:59,506
ACCESS THE SAMPLES.

9648
05:30:59,573 --> 05:31:01,608
THIS IS A HINDRANCE AT SOME

9649
05:31:01,675 --> 05:31:02,442
INSTITUTES BECAUSE THEY DO NOT

9650
05:31:02,509 --> 05:31:06,813
HAVE THE CAPABILITY TO HAVE DATA

9651
05:31:06,880 --> 05:31:09,349
DEPOSITED BACK INTO THEM FOR A

9652
05:31:09,416 --> 05:31:11,651
MULTITUDE OF REASONS FROM

9653
05:31:11,718 --> 05:31:13,153
GOVERNANCE OR JUST A LACK OF

9654
05:31:13,220 --> 05:31:15,889
CAPABILITY OR FUNDING TO DO SO,

9655
05:31:15,956 --> 05:31:20,694
WHEREAS OTHER SYSTEMS OR OTHER

9656
05:31:20,760 --> 05:31:22,662
ACADEMIC INSTITUTES AND

9657
05:31:22,729 --> 05:31:23,663
BIOREPOSITORIES THAT SPOKE TODAY

9658
05:31:23,730 --> 05:31:28,368
DO HAVE THE ABILITY TO REDEPOSIT

9659
05:31:28,435 --> 05:31:31,304
DATA BACK INTO THEIR -- ONE

9660
05:31:31,371 --> 05:31:33,707
EXAMPLE WAS INTO THEIR LIMB

9661
05:31:33,773 --> 05:31:35,375
SYSTEM, I THINK YOU CALLED IT

9662
05:31:35,442 --> 05:31:39,246
BIOSHARE, SO THAT ANALYTICS THAT

9663
05:31:39,312 --> 05:31:40,513
HAVE ALREADY BEEN PERFORMED WITH

9664
05:31:40,580 --> 05:31:43,450
THE DATA IN THE SAMPLES CAN BE

9665
05:31:43,516 --> 05:31:46,620
UTILIZED BY THE LARGER RESEARCH

9666
05:31:46,686 --> 05:31:50,490
COMMUNITY.

9667
05:31:50,557 --> 05:31:54,628
>> ANOTHER TOPIC THAT WE TAL

9668
05:31:54,694 --> 05:31:55,829
TALKED -- THAT WE DISCUSSED WAS

9669
05:31:55,895 --> 05:31:57,797
LARGE COLLECTION OF SAMPLES

9670
05:31:57,864 --> 05:32:00,100
THROUGH LONGITUDAL STUDIES, AND

9671
05:32:00,166 --> 05:32:03,270
HOW SAMPLE HOARDING IS BEING

9672
05:32:03,336 --> 05:32:04,337
VERY COMMON, SO UNDERSTANDING

9673
05:32:04,404 --> 05:32:05,772
WHAT IS THE REASONABLE LIFESPAN

9674
05:32:05,839 --> 05:32:09,609
OF SAMPLES IS IMPORTANT.

9675
05:32:09,676 --> 05:32:12,679
SO ADVERTISING RESOURCES, SO

9676
05:32:12,746 --> 05:32:14,180
WHAT IS AVAILABLE IS KNOWN TO

9677
05:32:14,247 --> 05:32:17,784
LIKE A BROADER GROUP SO THERE'S

9678
05:32:17,851 --> 05:32:20,553
MOST USE OF THE SAMPLES THAT ARE

9679
05:32:20,620 --> 05:32:23,156
BEING STORED, AND A

9680
05:32:23,223 --> 05:32:24,591
RECOMMENDATION WAS MADE FOR A

9681
05:32:24,658 --> 05:32:26,359
CENTRAL REPOSITORY FOR THE NICHD

9682
05:32:26,426 --> 05:32:27,761
SAMPLES THAT ARE BEING

9683
05:32:27,827 --> 05:32:31,831
COLLECTED.

9684
05:32:31,898 --> 05:32:34,534
>> SO TWO OF THE LARGEST ISSUES

9685
05:32:34,601 --> 05:32:38,271
THAT WERE NOTED FOR ACCESS IN

9686
05:32:38,338 --> 05:32:39,572
USE OF THE SAMPLES AND DATA THAT

9687
05:32:39,639 --> 05:32:44,644
ARE IN EXISTING BIOREPOSITORIES

9688
05:32:44,711 --> 05:32:46,479
IS DIFFICULTY EXECUTING MATERIAL

9689
05:32:46,546 --> 05:32:48,982
TRANSFER AGREEMENTS AND DATA USE

9690
05:32:49,049 --> 05:32:50,183
AGREEMENTS.

9691
05:32:50,250 --> 05:32:51,818
OFTENTIMES THERE'S NOT A

9692
05:32:51,885 --> 05:32:54,654
STANDARDIZED PROCESS IN MANY

9693
05:32:54,721 --> 05:32:58,491
PLACES, AND IT CAN GET TIED UP

9694
05:32:58,558 --> 05:33:02,095
IN LEGAL ON BOTH SIDES FOR QUITE

9695
05:33:02,162 --> 05:33:07,801
A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF TIME.

9696
05:33:07,867 --> 05:33:09,536
ALSO STANDARD LANGUAGE FOR THE

9697
05:33:09,602 --> 05:33:11,504
SHARING OF GENOMIC DATA WOULD

9698
05:33:11,571 --> 05:33:15,875
ALSO BE OF TREMENDOUS BENEFIT.

9699
05:33:15,942 --> 05:33:25,952
LET ME SEE.

9700
05:33:26,019 --> 05:33:30,423
I THINK THAT IS -- DID I MISS

9701
05:33:30,490 --> 05:33:30,990
ANYTHING, HARINA?

9702
05:33:31,057 --> 05:33:32,926
>> NO, I JUST HAVE ONE COMMENT

9703
05:33:32,992 --> 05:33:33,827
BACK TO ADVERTISING THE

9704
05:33:33,893 --> 05:33:35,362
RESOURCES THAT ARE AVAILABLE.

9705
05:33:35,428 --> 05:33:36,463
A COUPLE OF INSTITUTES BROUGHT

9706
05:33:36,529 --> 05:33:37,997
UP HAVING OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE

9707
05:33:38,064 --> 05:33:40,734
THAT CONSISTS OF RESEARCHERS AND

9708
05:33:40,800 --> 05:33:42,135
CLINICIANS THAT CAN REVIEW THE

9709
05:33:42,202 --> 05:33:45,538
REQUEST THAT IS COMING IN FOR --

9710
05:33:45,605 --> 05:33:46,840
OR THE PROPOSAL THAT IS COMING

9711
05:33:46,906 --> 05:33:51,911
IN FOR THE USE OF BIOSAMPLES.

9712
05:33:51,978 --> 05:33:55,181
THAT'S IT.

9713
05:33:55,248 --> 05:34:00,320
>> QUESTIONS?

9714
05:34:00,387 --> 05:34:01,187
>> I'M SORRY?

9715
05:34:01,254 --> 05:34:02,956
>> CAN WE ASK QUESTIONS?

9716
05:34:03,022 --> 05:34:04,791
>> WE DON'T ACTUALLY HAVE A LOT

9717
05:34:04,858 --> 05:34:05,191
OF TIME.

9718
05:34:05,258 --> 05:34:07,627
WE HAVE 10 MINUTE PER -- IN

9719
05:34:07,694 --> 05:34:08,595
TERMS OF QUESTIONS, I THINK IT

9720
05:34:08,661 --> 05:34:10,797
WOULD BE GREAT, MAYBE SEND THOSE

9721
05:34:10,864 --> 05:34:14,401
IN TO THE GROUP LEADERS OR

9722
05:34:14,467 --> 05:34:15,735
ZHAOXIA AND MELISSA, BECAUSE WE

9723
05:34:15,802 --> 05:34:17,570
DEFINITELY WANT TO CAPTURE THAT

9724
05:34:17,637 --> 05:34:18,772
AND THINK ABOUT QUESTIONS THAT

9725
05:34:18,838 --> 05:34:20,206
WE CAN BRING FORWARD INTO OTHER

9726
05:34:20,273 --> 05:34:24,711
CONVERSATIONS.

9727
05:34:24,778 --> 05:34:26,112
>> THANK YOU.

9728
05:34:26,179 --> 05:34:30,683
SO WE WERE DISCUSSING BASED ON

9729
05:34:30,750 --> 05:34:32,318
THE OVERARCHING QUESTIONS AND

9730
05:34:32,385 --> 05:34:33,319
GUIDANCE TOPICS THAT WERE SENT

9731
05:34:33,386 --> 05:34:33,987
TO ME.

9732
05:34:34,053 --> 05:34:39,225
THERE ARE A LOT OF OVERLAPPING

9733
05:34:39,292 --> 05:34:41,428
THINGS, REDUNDANT THINGS WITH

9734
05:34:41,494 --> 05:34:43,062
WHAT I HEARD FOR GROUP TWO BUT

9735
05:34:43,129 --> 05:34:45,365
I'M GOING TO REPEAT IT JUST TO

9736
05:34:45,432 --> 05:34:48,301
BE SURE WE'RE ALL ON THE SAME

9737
05:34:48,368 --> 05:34:49,636
PAGE WHEN DISCUSSING ISSUES

9738
05:34:49,702 --> 05:34:51,371
RELATED TO BIOREPOSITORIES AND

9739
05:34:51,438 --> 05:34:52,906
OTHER DATA BANKS.

9740
05:34:52,972 --> 05:34:56,176
SO AS FAR AS THE LEVERAGING

9741
05:34:56,242 --> 05:35:00,680
EXISTING BIOREPOSITORIES, THE

9742
05:35:00,747 --> 05:35:03,082
MAIN CHALLENGE IS DO WE HAVE THE

9743
05:35:03,149 --> 05:35:04,751
INFRASTRUCTURE TO HANDLE THESE

9744
05:35:04,818 --> 05:35:05,919
KIND OF BIOREPOSITORIES AND

9745
05:35:05,985 --> 05:35:08,988
LARGE DATA BANKS, AND THE COMMON

9746
05:35:09,055 --> 05:35:10,824
THEME ARISES WITH EACH AND EVERY

9747
05:35:10,890 --> 05:35:12,692
QUESTION THAT WE DISCUSSED IS,

9748
05:35:12,759 --> 05:35:15,762
WHWHERE IS THE FUNDING COMING FM

9749
05:35:15,829 --> 05:35:16,996
ALL THIS INFRASTRUCTURE BUILDING

9750
05:35:17,063 --> 05:35:18,231
ACTIVITIES.

9751
05:35:18,298 --> 05:35:20,033
AND THE SECOND THING IS THE

9752
05:35:20,099 --> 05:35:24,504
MATERIAL TRANSFER AGREEMENT.

9753
05:35:24,571 --> 05:35:27,474
SO THE INSTITUTION INVOLVED IN

9754
05:35:27,540 --> 05:35:29,309
GETTING A SAMPLE OR DATA FROM A

9755
05:35:29,375 --> 05:35:32,278
COMMON REPOSITORY, THE LEGAL

9756
05:35:32,345 --> 05:35:33,046
ENTITIES TAKE OVER THAT AND IT

9757
05:35:33,112 --> 05:35:34,581
IS A TOTALLY DIFFERENT BALL GAME

9758
05:35:34,647 --> 05:35:37,784
WHEN IT COMES TO -- THE SCIENCE

9759
05:35:37,851 --> 05:35:39,486
IS KIND OF DISAPPEARING IN THAT

9760
05:35:39,552 --> 05:35:40,920
POINT AND THEN IT JUST -- THE

9761
05:35:40,987 --> 05:35:42,455
OWNERSHIP OF THE DATA, OWNERSHIP

9762
05:35:42,522 --> 05:35:45,658
OF THE SAMPLES BECOMES A MAJOR

9763
05:35:45,725 --> 05:35:46,292
ISSUE.

9764
05:35:46,359 --> 05:35:47,727
AGAIN, COST INVOLVED IN DOING

9765
05:35:47,794 --> 05:35:50,230
THAT ALSO IN SOME INSTITUTION IS

9766
05:35:50,296 --> 05:35:51,297
MAJOR PROBLEM.

9767
05:35:51,364 --> 05:35:53,600
THE OTHER THING ABOUT THE

9768
05:35:53,666 --> 05:35:56,903
BIOREPOSITORIES AND DATA

9769
05:35:56,970 --> 05:36:01,808
REPOSITORIES, THE COMPATIBILITY

9770
05:36:01,875 --> 05:36:03,209
OF SAMPLES IN DATA FROM

9771
05:36:03,276 --> 05:36:03,576
DIFFERENT SITES.

9772
05:36:03,643 --> 05:36:05,845
ONE WOULD BE AN -- WHAT WILL BE

9773
05:36:05,912 --> 05:36:07,881
AN IDEAL DATASET, SAMPLE SET,

9774
05:36:07,947 --> 05:36:09,849
WHAT WOULD BE OPTIMUM DATA THAT

9775
05:36:09,916 --> 05:36:11,117
YOU NEED TO CONDUCT YOUR

9776
05:36:11,184 --> 05:36:12,418
RESEARCH OR WHATEVER THAT YOU

9777
05:36:12,485 --> 05:36:13,953
PLAN ON DOING WITH THOSE SAMPLES

9778
05:36:14,020 --> 05:36:15,788
BECOMES A MAJOR QUESTION.

9779
05:36:15,855 --> 05:36:18,525
SO THAT MEANS A QUALITY

9780
05:36:18,591 --> 05:36:19,626
ASSURANCE MECHANISM, QUALITY

9781
05:36:19,692 --> 05:36:22,362
CONTROL MECHANISM SHOULD BE IN

9782
05:36:22,428 --> 05:36:24,764
PLACE BEFORE WE REQUEST A DATA

9783
05:36:24,831 --> 05:36:27,534
OR SAMPLES.

9784
05:36:27,600 --> 05:36:30,036
AGAIN, COST ASSOCIATED WITH THAT

9785
05:36:30,103 --> 05:36:31,571
QUALITY ASSURANCE MECHANISM.

9786
05:36:31,638 --> 05:36:34,073
SO IF YOU LOOK AT THE COST

9787
05:36:34,140 --> 05:36:35,808
DRIVING FACTORS, IT IS THE

9788
05:36:35,875 --> 05:36:38,878
QUALITY OF SAMPLES, QUALITY OF

9789
05:36:38,945 --> 05:36:41,080
DATA, AMOUNT OF INFORMATION

9790
05:36:41,147 --> 05:36:44,450
NEEDED THAT IS A QUESTION BY

9791
05:36:44,517 --> 05:36:45,118
INVESTIGATOR AND AVAILABILITY OF

9792
05:36:45,184 --> 05:36:45,518
THAT INFORMATION.

9793
05:36:45,585 --> 05:36:46,653
SO IF YOU HAVE TO GO BACK AND

9794
05:36:46,719 --> 05:36:47,520
COLLECT THAT INFORMATION BEFORE

9795
05:36:47,587 --> 05:36:50,156
WE CAN USE THOSE SAMPLES OR

9796
05:36:50,223 --> 05:36:51,357
DATA, THAT ACTUALLY ADDS MORE

9797
05:36:51,424 --> 05:36:51,891
COST TO IT.

9798
05:36:51,958 --> 05:36:54,093
SO THE COST BECOMES A MAJOR,

9799
05:36:54,160 --> 05:36:56,129
MAJOR DRIVING FACTOR IN MANY OF

9800
05:36:56,195 --> 05:37:01,200
THESE DECISION-MAKING.

9801
05:37:01,267 --> 05:37:02,302
THE OTHER THING THAT WE

9802
05:37:02,368 --> 05:37:04,938
DISCUSSED IS THE -- WHAT NEW

9803
05:37:05,004 --> 05:37:07,574
KNOWLEDGE CAN BE GAINED FROM

9804
05:37:07,640 --> 05:37:08,641
EXISTING BIOBANK.

9805
05:37:08,708 --> 05:37:10,410
SO THE SIMPLE ANSWER IS

9806
05:37:10,476 --> 05:37:12,812
KNOWLEDGE TO BE GAINED ARE VAST

9807
05:37:12,879 --> 05:37:16,616
AND NEVER-ENDING, SO THAT

9808
05:37:16,683 --> 05:37:17,817
QUESTION, THAT'S NOT AN ISSUE.

9809
05:37:17,884 --> 05:37:19,285
DO WE HAVE MORE QUESTIONS?

9810
05:37:19,352 --> 05:37:23,122
WE HAVE MANY MORE QUESTIONS.

9811
05:37:23,189 --> 05:37:24,958
BUT THE KEY THING IS TO IDENTIFY

9812
05:37:25,024 --> 05:37:26,259
THE KNOWLEDGE GAPS SO THAT WE

9813
05:37:26,326 --> 05:37:28,094
CAN START FILLING THOSE

9814
05:37:28,161 --> 05:37:30,296
KNOWLEDGE WITH SAMPLES OR DATA,

9815
05:37:30,363 --> 05:37:31,931
AND IDENTIFYING KNOWLEDGE GAPS

9816
05:37:31,998 --> 05:37:33,566
AGAIN, HOW DO WE IDENTIFY THOSE

9817
05:37:33,633 --> 05:37:36,002
KNOWLEDGE GAPS, THERE'S PLENTY

9818
05:37:36,069 --> 05:37:39,706
OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS, ANALYSIS

9819
05:37:39,772 --> 05:37:42,008
STRATEGIES THAT HAS NOT BEEN

9820
05:37:42,075 --> 05:37:43,409
TRANSLATED INTO THE BIOMARKER

9821
05:37:43,476 --> 05:37:45,278
FIELD YET, SO THAT MAY BE

9822
05:37:45,345 --> 05:37:46,579
ANOTHER MECHANISM THAT THESE

9823
05:37:46,646 --> 05:37:49,315
KIND OF WORKSHOPS CAN UNDERTAKE

9824
05:37:49,382 --> 05:37:50,850
THAT HELP TO FILL THESE

9825
05:37:50,917 --> 05:37:52,285
KNOWLEDGE GAP, IDENTIFY THE

9826
05:37:52,352 --> 05:37:53,252
KNOWLEDGE GAP, FILL THE

9827
05:37:53,319 --> 05:37:54,120
KNOWLEDGE GAP.

9828
05:37:54,187 --> 05:37:58,191
SO MOST OF OUR WORK NOW ARE

9829
05:37:58,257 --> 05:38:00,059
DISCOVERY DRIVEN, HOWEVER, NOT

9830
05:38:00,126 --> 05:38:02,996
TRANSLATED INTO A CLINICAL

9831
05:38:03,062 --> 05:38:05,965
PRACTICE OR A USEFUL DATA THAT

9832
05:38:06,032 --> 05:38:07,600
AN INDUSTRY CAN LEVERAGE TO

9833
05:38:07,667 --> 05:38:09,769
PRODUCE SOMETHING THAT IS USEFUL

9834
05:38:09,836 --> 05:38:13,072
ON BENCH SLIDE.

9835
05:38:13,139 --> 05:38:14,907
THAT DOES NOT HAPPEN AGAIN.

9836
05:38:14,974 --> 05:38:17,343
FUNDING CAN BE AN ISSUE.

9837
05:38:17,410 --> 05:38:18,978
HISTORICALLY, IF YOU LOOK AT 20

9838
05:38:19,045 --> 05:38:21,414
YEARS BACK, MAYBE A SINGLE

9839
05:38:21,481 --> 05:38:24,651
MARKER WAS IDENTIFIED BY A LAB

9840
05:38:24,717 --> 05:38:25,752
AND THERE WAS A KIT OR SOMETHING

9841
05:38:25,818 --> 05:38:27,754
USED AND LATER ON WE REALIZE

9842
05:38:27,820 --> 05:38:29,789
THAT'S NOT ENOUGH AND IT BECAME

9843
05:38:29,856 --> 05:38:31,224
MULTIPLE MARKER TESTS HAVE COME

9844
05:38:31,290 --> 05:38:32,959
OUT IN THE FIELD FOR DIFFERENT

9845
05:38:33,026 --> 05:38:36,029
INDICATIONS, NOT JUST PREGNANCY,

9846
05:38:36,095 --> 05:38:38,431
AND NOWADAYS WE ARE USING

9847
05:38:38,498 --> 05:38:44,003
MULTIPLE COMPLEX META --

9848
05:38:44,070 --> 05:38:45,772
MULTI-OMICS ANALYSIS, BUT THAT

9849
05:38:45,838 --> 05:38:47,640
HASN'T SOLVED THE PROBLEM

9850
05:38:47,707 --> 05:38:48,074
EITHER.

9851
05:38:48,141 --> 05:38:49,475
HAVE ANY OF THESE TRANSLATED

9852
05:38:49,542 --> 05:38:51,344
INTO A CLINICAL PRACTICE?

9853
05:38:51,411 --> 05:38:52,979
SO THAT MEANS WE STILL HAVE

9854
05:38:53,046 --> 05:38:53,980
KNOWLEDGE GAPS.

9855
05:38:54,047 --> 05:38:56,482
SO UNLESS WE START IDENTIFYING

9856
05:38:56,549 --> 05:38:59,218
THE KNOWLEDGE GAPS, HAVING THE

9857
05:38:59,285 --> 05:39:00,319
BIOREPOSITORIES AND HAVING THE

9858
05:39:00,386 --> 05:39:02,055
DATA BANKS MAY NOT BE THAT

9859
05:39:02,121 --> 05:39:03,723
USEFUL.

9860
05:39:03,790 --> 05:39:07,293
WE ARE STILL LOOKING FOR THINGS

9861
05:39:07,360 --> 05:39:08,628
THAT ARE PERSONAL INTEREST THAT

9862
05:39:08,695 --> 05:39:10,697
MAYBE WAS A PAPER OR A GRANT,

9863
05:39:10,763 --> 05:39:12,098
OPPORTUNITY TO WRITE A GRANT.

9864
05:39:12,165 --> 05:39:15,068
WE WILL END UP THERE.

9865
05:39:15,134 --> 05:39:17,270
THE OTHER ISSUE THAT WE

9866
05:39:17,336 --> 05:39:19,338
IDENTIFIED IN GETTING THE BEST

9867
05:39:19,405 --> 05:39:20,673
PRACTICE, CAN WE DEVELOP BEST

9868
05:39:20,740 --> 05:39:22,308
PRACTICE FOR FUTURE BIOSAMPLE

9869
05:39:22,375 --> 05:39:24,911
COLLECTION.

9870
05:39:24,977 --> 05:39:26,679
THERE IS A MAJOR DISCONNECT

9871
05:39:26,746 --> 05:39:28,648
BETWEEN AN ACADEMIC INVESTIGATOR

9872
05:39:28,715 --> 05:39:31,050
INDUSTRY PARTNER, AND MAYBE THE

9873
05:39:31,117 --> 05:39:32,251
END USER WHICH WILL BE A

9874
05:39:32,318 --> 05:39:33,786
CLINICIAN.

9875
05:39:33,853 --> 05:39:36,756
SO THERE IS -- EVEN IF I'M

9876
05:39:36,823 --> 05:39:39,692
STARTING A DISCOVERY RESEARCH IN

9877
05:39:39,759 --> 05:39:43,730
AIMING TO FIND THE BIOMARKER FOR

9878
05:39:43,796 --> 05:39:44,831
IDENTIFYING -- CONDITION OR A

9879
05:39:44,897 --> 05:39:45,698
PROGNOSIS OR DIAGNOSIS OR

9880
05:39:45,765 --> 05:39:48,334
WHATEVER IT IS, WHEN IT GOES TO

9881
05:39:48,401 --> 05:39:50,103
AN INDUSTRY PARTNER, THEY OFTEN

9882
05:39:50,169 --> 05:39:51,804
SAY THIS IS NOT WHAT WE ARE

9883
05:39:51,871 --> 05:39:52,472
LOOKING FOR.

9884
05:39:52,538 --> 05:39:54,774
AND LET'S SAY IF I CONVINCE AN

9885
05:39:54,841 --> 05:39:55,708
INDUSTRY PARTNER AND GO BACK AND

9886
05:39:55,775 --> 05:39:57,977
DO THE RESEARCH AND IDENTIFY

9887
05:39:58,044 --> 05:39:58,978
SOMETHING, THAT MAY NOT BE THE

9888
05:39:59,045 --> 05:40:00,480
ONE THAT IS USEFUL FOR THE

9889
05:40:00,546 --> 05:40:01,614
CLINICIAN.

9890
05:40:01,681 --> 05:40:03,750
NOW, IF ALL THESE THINGS ARE

9891
05:40:03,816 --> 05:40:05,485
SATISFIED, IF IT'S A REGULATORY

9892
05:40:05,551 --> 05:40:06,819
AGENCY THEY MAY SAY THIS IS NOT

9893
05:40:06,886 --> 05:40:08,855
IDEAL FOR A REGULATORY AGENCY

9894
05:40:08,921 --> 05:40:09,455
FOR APPROVAL.

9895
05:40:09,522 --> 05:40:11,624
SO I THINK THERE IS A DISCONNECT

9896
05:40:11,691 --> 05:40:15,027
BETWEEN ALL THESE AGENCIES,

9897
05:40:15,094 --> 05:40:17,296
ACADEMICIAN AND INDUSTRY AND

9898
05:40:17,363 --> 05:40:18,531
REGULATORY AGENCY AND THE

9899
05:40:18,598 --> 05:40:19,932
CLINICIAN.

9900
05:40:19,999 --> 05:40:21,300
SO THERE SHOULD BE A PLATFORM

9901
05:40:21,367 --> 05:40:23,236
FOR ALL OF US TO SIT DOWN AND

9902
05:40:23,302 --> 05:40:24,771
OPERATE TOGETHER AND DISCUSS

9903
05:40:24,837 --> 05:40:27,206
TOGETHER AND IDENTIFY WHAT IS

9904
05:40:27,273 --> 05:40:29,542
NEEDED BY EACH GROUP.

9905
05:40:29,609 --> 05:40:31,744
AGAIN THIS IS SOMETHING A

9906
05:40:31,811 --> 05:40:32,945
WORKSHOP LIKE THIS CAN

9907
05:40:33,012 --> 05:40:34,514
POTENTIALLY THINK ABOUT HAVING

9908
05:40:34,580 --> 05:40:36,883
SOME OF THE OTHER PARTNERS THAT

9909
05:40:36,949 --> 05:40:38,851
CAN BENEFIT THAT, WE WILL

9910
05:40:38,918 --> 05:40:40,286
BENEFIT AND UNDERSTANDING EACH

9911
05:40:40,353 --> 05:40:42,355
OTHER'S LANGUAGE.

9912
05:40:42,421 --> 05:40:44,891
HOW CAN WE PREPARE FOR NEW AND

9913
05:40:44,957 --> 05:40:46,726
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES?

9914
05:40:46,793 --> 05:40:49,595
WE TALK ABOUT THE MULTI-OMICS

9915
05:40:49,662 --> 05:40:55,268
AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE,

9916
05:40:55,334 --> 05:40:56,369
MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES BUT

9917
05:40:56,435 --> 05:40:58,771
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF AN ACADEMIC

9918
05:40:58,838 --> 05:41:00,540
RESEARCHER IN USING THIS, VERSUS

9919
05:41:00,606 --> 05:41:02,275
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE

9920
05:41:02,341 --> 05:41:02,608
CLINICIAN?

9921
05:41:02,675 --> 05:41:04,877
WE'RE ALL TALKING DIFFERENT

9922
05:41:04,944 --> 05:41:06,312
LANGUAGES, SO THERE SHOULD BE A

9923
05:41:06,379 --> 05:41:07,413
HARMONY BETWEEN THE LANGUAGES

9924
05:41:07,480 --> 05:41:08,281
THAT WE ALL SPEAK.

9925
05:41:08,347 --> 05:41:09,582
WHEN OUR NEEDS ARE DIFFERENT,

9926
05:41:09,649 --> 05:41:11,250
OUR GOALS ARE DIFFERENT, BUT AT

9927
05:41:11,317 --> 05:41:12,885
THE SAME TIME, WE HAVE TO FIND A

9928
05:41:12,952 --> 05:41:17,690
COMMON PLATFORM OR COMMON THEME

9929
05:41:17,757 --> 05:41:20,426
TO OPERATE THAT WE WILL BENEFIT

9930
05:41:20,493 --> 05:41:21,961
FROM THESE EXERCISES.

9931
05:41:22,028 --> 05:41:26,065
WE ALSO TALKED ABOUT HAVING AN

9932
05:41:26,132 --> 05:41:28,067
A.I. OR MACHINE LEARNING CORE

9933
05:41:28,134 --> 05:41:32,338
LABS IN INSTITUTES MAY BENEFIT

9934
05:41:32,405 --> 05:41:33,005
INVESTIGATORS BECAUSE WE DON'T

9935
05:41:33,072 --> 05:41:36,609
HAVE TO DEPEND ON SOMEBODY WE

9936
05:41:36,676 --> 05:41:38,344
DON'T KNOW, THEY SEE OUR DATA,

9937
05:41:38,411 --> 05:41:41,414
SO HAVING SOMETHING -- AND THESE

9938
05:41:41,480 --> 05:41:43,182
CODE LABS, MACHINE LEARNING CODE

9939
05:41:43,249 --> 05:41:44,584
LABS, IF THEY ARE IN HARMONY, IF

9940
05:41:44,650 --> 05:41:46,552
THEY KNOW WHAT THEY WANT TO DO

9941
05:41:46,619 --> 05:41:48,988
TO COME OUT OF ALL THESE

9942
05:41:49,055 --> 05:41:50,189
RESEARCH, THAT MAY BENEFIT AS

9943
05:41:50,256 --> 05:41:53,793
WELL.

9944
05:41:53,860 --> 05:41:55,761
SO I THINK THAT'S PRETTY MUCH

9945
05:41:55,828 --> 05:41:57,296
WHAT I HAVE FOR -- THE BOTTOM

9946
05:41:57,363 --> 05:42:00,132
LINE IS -- BECOMES A MAJOR ISSUE

9947
05:42:00,199 --> 05:42:01,434
NO MAKER IT WHAT WE DISCUSS, HOW

9948
05:42:01,500 --> 05:42:03,202
WE DISCUSS.

9949
05:42:03,269 --> 05:42:04,170
IMPORTANT DIALOGUE BETWEEN

9950
05:42:04,237 --> 05:42:07,240
INDUSTRY AND ACADEMIA,

9951
05:42:07,306 --> 05:42:09,108
REGULATORY AGENCIES, FUNDING

9952
05:42:09,175 --> 05:42:09,742
AGENCIES, CRITICAL

9953
05:42:09,809 --> 05:42:10,509
INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDED TO HAVE

9954
05:42:10,576 --> 05:42:13,479
THAT PLATFORM FOR DIALOGUE, ALSO

9955
05:42:13,546 --> 05:42:15,548
TO -- FUNDING, SO THAT'S A KEY

9956
05:42:15,615 --> 05:42:17,083
LIMITATION.

9957
05:42:17,149 --> 05:42:21,053
THAT'S ALL WE HAVE.

9958
05:42:21,120 --> 05:42:21,554
>> GREAT.

9959
05:42:21,621 --> 05:42:23,756
THANK YOU FOR THAT SUMMARY.

9960
05:42:23,823 --> 05:42:28,628
I SEE DAVID TUR TURNED HIS MIC .

9961
05:42:28,694 --> 05:42:30,429
>> I WAS ASSIGNED TO BE THE

9962
05:42:30,496 --> 05:42:30,763
REPORTER.

9963
05:42:30,830 --> 05:42:33,266
WE HAD VERY SIMILAR THEMES TO

9964
05:42:33,332 --> 05:42:34,567
WHAT A LOT OF THE OTHER GROUPS

9965
05:42:34,634 --> 05:42:36,435
SAID, WE WERE MORE THE A.I./M.L.

9966
05:42:36,502 --> 05:42:39,839
SO WE FOCUSED A LOT ON DATA AND

9967
05:42:39,906 --> 05:42:41,040
WHAT REALLY THOSE NEEDS ARE.

9968
05:42:41,107 --> 05:42:42,341
WE REALLY CAME DOWN TO A LOT

9969
05:42:42,408 --> 05:42:44,310
OF -- WE REALLY NEED COMMON DATA

9970
05:42:44,377 --> 05:42:45,511
ELEMENTS, THAT THESE DATABASES

9971
05:42:45,578 --> 05:42:47,046
HAVE GOT TO HAVE SIMILAR THINGS

9972
05:42:47,113 --> 05:42:50,349
THAT CAN BE PUT TOGETHER, AND

9973
05:42:50,416 --> 05:42:52,285
REALLY HOW DO WE DO THAT, HOW DO

9974
05:42:52,351 --> 05:42:53,519
WE PRIORITIZE IT.

9975
05:42:53,586 --> 05:42:57,857
SOME FOLKS HAD TALKED ABOUT THE

9976
05:42:57,924 --> 05:42:58,958
NCATS MC3 COVID DATA INTEGRATION

9977
05:42:59,025 --> 05:43:00,726
AND HOW SUCCESSFUL THAT WAS AT

9978
05:43:00,793 --> 05:43:02,328
REALLY BRINGING THINGS TOGETHER

9979
05:43:02,395 --> 05:43:05,131
IN USABLE FORMATS AND HOW CAN WE

9980
05:43:05,197 --> 05:43:07,500
POTENTIALLY LEVERAGE THOSE

9981
05:43:07,566 --> 05:43:11,771
EXPERIENCES INTO PERINATAL

9982
05:43:11,837 --> 05:43:12,104
SPACES.

9983
05:43:12,171 --> 05:43:15,041
WE HAD ONE OF THE MEMBERS OF OUR

9984
05:43:15,107 --> 05:43:16,375
GROUP THAT SAID IF THEY ARE

9985
05:43:16,442 --> 05:43:17,677
LOOKING AT THAT, IT'S A MESS, SO

9986
05:43:17,743 --> 05:43:19,211
MORE TO COME HOPEFULLY OF A

9987
05:43:19,278 --> 05:43:20,079
LITTLE BIT EASIER.

9988
05:43:20,146 --> 05:43:21,414
WE DID TALK ABOUT USING THINGS

9989
05:43:21,480 --> 05:43:24,550
FROM THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH

9990
05:43:24,617 --> 05:43:26,519
RECORDS, USING OMA PLATFORMS,

9991
05:43:26,585 --> 05:43:28,821
REALLY TRYING TO KEEP THOSE AS

9992
05:43:28,888 --> 05:43:31,557
STANDARDIZED TO GET THEM

9993
05:43:31,624 --> 05:43:33,759
POPULATED MORE.

9994
05:43:33,826 --> 05:43:35,928
BUT OMOP CURRENTLY DOESN'T HAVE

9995
05:43:35,995 --> 05:43:37,897
A WHOLE LOT OF MATERNAL

9996
05:43:37,964 --> 05:43:41,100
VARIABLES SO HE THER THERE'S GRS

9997
05:43:41,167 --> 05:43:42,168
TRYING TO WORK ON THAT SO THAT

9998
05:43:42,234 --> 05:43:43,703
WOULD BE A POTENTIAL VEHICLE

9999
05:43:43,769 --> 05:43:45,237
WITH WHICH TO GET BETTER COMMON

10000
05:43:45,304 --> 05:43:47,540
DATA ELEMENTS TOGETHER.

10001
05:43:47,606 --> 05:43:50,509
WHEN WE TALKED ABOUT BIOSAMPLES

10002
05:43:50,576 --> 05:43:51,911
AND BIOREPOSITORIES, WE ALSO

10003
05:43:51,978 --> 05:43:54,113
KIND OF CAME TO THIS

10004
05:43:54,180 --> 05:43:55,214
STANDARDIZATION OF HOW SPECIMENS

10005
05:43:55,281 --> 05:43:57,283
ARE COLLECTED, HOW THEY'RE

10006
05:43:57,350 --> 05:44:01,554
DOCUMENTED, SO THAT THEY CAN BE

10007
05:44:01,620 --> 05:44:03,823
ANALYZED AND RETRIEVED THE WAY

10008
05:44:03,889 --> 05:44:05,358
THAT WE NEED THEM TO FOR THE

10009
05:44:05,424 --> 05:44:08,094
DIFFERENT STUDIES.

10010
05:44:08,160 --> 05:44:11,197
AND THEN OUR CONVERSATION SORT

10011
05:44:11,263 --> 05:44:15,001
OF MEANDERED CLOSER TO THINGS OF

10012
05:44:15,067 --> 05:44:15,968
GOVERNANCE, AND THINGS THAT

10013
05:44:16,035 --> 05:44:17,503
WE'VE HEARD BEFORE AND SOME OF

10014
05:44:17,570 --> 05:44:19,672
THESE THEMES OF WHO OWNS THE

10015
05:44:19,739 --> 05:44:21,540
DATA, WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY FOR

10016
05:44:21,607 --> 05:44:23,409
IT -- WHO'S RESPONSIBLE FOR IT,

10017
05:44:23,476 --> 05:44:25,077
AND WHO GOVERNS IT, HOW DO

10018
05:44:25,144 --> 05:44:26,379
IDENTIFY WHO YOU CAN SHARE IT

10019
05:44:26,445 --> 05:44:28,114
WITH, HOW YOU CAN SHARE IT.

10020
05:44:28,180 --> 05:44:29,315
THERE WAS A THOUGHT THAT

10021
05:44:29,382 --> 05:44:30,416
POTENTIALLY USING BLOCKCHAIN

10022
05:44:30,483 --> 05:44:32,151
HERE CAN HELP WITH SOME OF THE

10023
05:44:32,218 --> 05:44:33,819
LINKAGES BECAUSE IF YOU LOSE --

10024
05:44:33,886 --> 05:44:36,088
IF YOU DE-IDENTIFY EVERYTHING

10025
05:44:36,155 --> 05:44:37,957
AND THEN HOW DO YOU -- BUT YOUR

10026
05:44:38,024 --> 05:44:39,925
SPECIMENS ARE IDENTIFIED BY

10027
05:44:39,992 --> 05:44:41,360
MEDICAL RECORD NUMBERS, HOW DO

10028
05:44:41,427 --> 05:44:43,129
YOU GET ALL OF THOSE THINGS

10029
05:44:43,195 --> 05:44:43,763
TOGETHER.

10030
05:44:43,829 --> 05:44:47,733
THE GA4GH GROUP OF TACKLING

10031
05:44:47,800 --> 05:44:49,335
THESE KINDS OF PROBLEMS WAS

10032
05:44:49,402 --> 05:44:51,971
BROUGHT UP, AND IT WAS SORT OF A

10033
05:44:52,038 --> 05:44:53,372
THOUGHT THAT A LOT OF THIS HAS

10034
05:44:53,439 --> 05:44:58,978
TO BE GENERATED ABOVE US.

10035
05:44:59,045 --> 05:45:00,279
THERE'S SOMEONE WHO HAS LEVERAGE

10036
05:45:00,346 --> 05:45:02,014
TO MAKE SURE THAT THESE THINGS

10037
05:45:02,081 --> 05:45:04,016
GET IMPLEMENTED ACTUALLY HAS TO

10038
05:45:04,083 --> 05:45:06,385
BE HELPING OUT IN TERMS OF

10039
05:45:06,452 --> 05:45:08,387
DETERMINING THESE COMMON

10040
05:45:08,454 --> 05:45:10,890
ELEMENTS, AND THAT LED US INTO A

10041
05:45:10,956 --> 05:45:11,957
DISCUSSION OF STAKEHOLDERS AND

10042
05:45:12,024 --> 05:45:13,092
SOME OF THAT CAME OUT IN THE

10043
05:45:13,159 --> 05:45:14,827
OTHER GROUPS AS WELL, BUT THE

10044
05:45:14,894 --> 05:45:15,928
STAKEHOLDERS, WHEN IT COMES TO

10045
05:45:15,995 --> 05:45:17,897
THE DATA, YOU HAVE TO LOOK AT

10046
05:45:17,963 --> 05:45:19,532
WHAT THE MOTIVATIONS ARE BECAUSE

10047
05:45:19,598 --> 05:45:22,168
THE HEALTH SYSTEMS' MOTIVATIONS

10048
05:45:22,234 --> 05:45:23,669
ARE VERY DIFFERENT THAN US AS

10049
05:45:23,736 --> 05:45:24,570
RESEARCHERS AND IS VERY

10050
05:45:24,637 --> 05:45:25,871
DIFFERENT THAN THE CLINICIANS

10051
05:45:25,938 --> 05:45:27,173
OUT IN RURAL AMERICA.

10052
05:45:27,239 --> 05:45:29,141
AND SO YOU HAVE TO BRING ALL OF

10053
05:45:29,208 --> 05:45:30,276
THESE STAKEHOLDERS TOGETHER TO

10054
05:45:30,342 --> 05:45:33,412
TRY TO FIGURE OUT HOW YOU CAN

10055
05:45:33,479 --> 05:45:36,348
REALIZE WHAT EVERYBODY NEEDS OUT

10056
05:45:36,415 --> 05:45:40,753
OF THIS NEW SCENARIO THAT

10057
05:45:40,820 --> 05:45:41,954
BECOMES AVAILABLE FOR THEM, AND

10058
05:45:42,021 --> 05:45:43,589
YOU HAVE TO GET THE MEDICAL

10059
05:45:43,656 --> 05:45:45,024
RECORD COMPANIES INVOLVED

10060
05:45:45,091 --> 05:45:46,192
BECAUSE THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT

10061
05:45:46,258 --> 05:45:49,495
SET OF PRIORITIES AS WELL, BUT

10062
05:45:49,562 --> 05:45:50,796
WE REALIZE THAT IN ORDER TO GET

10063
05:45:50,863 --> 05:45:53,432
ALL OF THESE PEOPLE WHO HAVE

10064
05:45:53,499 --> 05:45:54,834
DIFFERENT DRIVERS, WE REALLY

10065
05:45:54,900 --> 05:45:56,602
NEED SOME TOP-DOWN PEOPLE WITH

10066
05:45:56,669 --> 05:45:59,438
LEVERAGE AND WE THOUGHT THE NIH

10067
05:45:59,505 --> 05:46:01,640
OR IN SOME KIND OF UNIVERSAL

10068
05:46:01,707 --> 05:46:05,344
HEALTH SYSTEM COMES ABOUT IN THE

10069
05:46:05,411 --> 05:46:06,779
NEXT 25 DAYS OR SOMETHING, YOU

10070
05:46:06,846 --> 05:46:08,314
KNOW, WHICH WOULD BE NICE, YOU

10071
05:46:08,380 --> 05:46:10,149
KNOW, IF WE CAN MAKE SOME KIND

10072
05:46:10,216 --> 05:46:12,151
OF REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE LIKE

10073
05:46:12,218 --> 05:46:14,854
THAT, THAT WOULD ALLOW FOR SOME

10074
05:46:14,920 --> 05:46:16,922
LEVERAGE THAT IF YOU WANT THIS,

10075
05:46:16,989 --> 05:46:18,691
IF YOU WANT THIS MONEY, IF YOU

10076
05:46:18,757 --> 05:46:20,559
WANT THIS GRANT FUNDING TO DO

10077
05:46:20,626 --> 05:46:22,428
THESE RESEARCH, YOU HAVE TO HAVE

10078
05:46:22,495 --> 05:46:24,396
THESE THINGS PUT IN PLACE FOR

10079
05:46:24,463 --> 05:46:27,266
COMMON ELEMENTS.

10080
05:46:27,333 --> 05:46:28,701
AND THAT REALLY IS THE FIRST

10081
05:46:28,767 --> 05:46:30,169
PLACE TO START, IS GETTING ALL

10082
05:46:30,236 --> 05:46:32,138
OF THESE COMMON THINGS TOGETHER,

10083
05:46:32,204 --> 05:46:34,507
AND FIGURING OUT THE COMMUNITY

10084
05:46:34,573 --> 05:46:36,976
OF STAKEHOLDERS WITH WHICH TO

10085
05:46:37,042 --> 05:46:39,245
MAKE THESE CHANGES IS SOMETHING

10086
05:46:39,311 --> 05:46:42,348
THAT IS REALLY IMPORTANT BECAUSE

10087
05:46:42,414 --> 05:46:44,517
IF YOU DON'T HAVE ALL THE

10088
05:46:44,583 --> 05:46:46,819
STAKEHOLDERS, WE TALK ABOUT THE

10089
05:46:46,886 --> 05:46:47,686
RESEARCH COMMUNITY CAN COME UP

10090
05:46:47,753 --> 05:46:48,988
WITH ALL THIS STUFF AND WE CAN

10091
05:46:49,054 --> 05:46:52,057
HAVE ALL THESE A.I.-GENERATED

10092
05:46:52,124 --> 05:46:53,259
MODELS AND ALL THESE THINGS THAT

10093
05:46:53,325 --> 05:46:55,661
SAY IT'S GREAT, BUT THAT'S NOT

10094
05:46:55,728 --> 05:46:56,996
THE MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WHO ARE

10095
05:46:57,062 --> 05:46:59,899
TAKING CARE OF PATIENTS.

10096
05:46:59,965 --> 05:47:03,769
AND WHO MAY BE ORDERING THESE

10097
05:47:03,836 --> 05:47:05,404
TESTS.

10098
05:47:05,471 --> 05:47:06,639
LOUIS BROUGHT UP A GOOD POINT,

10099
05:47:06,705 --> 05:47:09,775
WE WENT FROM A FOUR-PAGE

10100
05:47:09,842 --> 05:47:11,110
ACOG-DRIVEN PAPER CHART THAT WAS

10101
05:47:11,177 --> 05:47:12,645
ALL OF PREGNANCY IN FOUR PIECES

10102
05:47:12,711 --> 05:47:14,146
OF PAPER, AND NOW WE'VE GOT

10103
05:47:14,213 --> 05:47:15,781
THESE COMPUTER SYSTEMS WITH

10104
05:47:15,848 --> 05:47:17,650
25,000 PAPERS IF YOU PRINT OUT A

10105
05:47:17,716 --> 05:47:20,586
RECORD FROM A PREGNANCY, AND

10106
05:47:20,653 --> 05:47:24,990
PEOPLE ARE JUST TYPING IN,

10107
05:47:25,057 --> 05:47:26,091
CUTTING AND PASTING IN ALL OF

10108
05:47:26,158 --> 05:47:26,525
THEIR NOTES.

10109
05:47:26,592 --> 05:47:28,027
SO YOU CAN'T GET THE DATA UNLESS

10110
05:47:28,093 --> 05:47:29,695
YOU GET ALL OF THOSE

10111
05:47:29,762 --> 05:47:30,563
STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED AND THAT

10112
05:47:30,629 --> 05:47:31,897
THEY'RE GOING TO IMPLEMENT IT.

10113
05:47:31,964 --> 05:47:32,965
SO THAT WAS SORT OF WHERE WE

10114
05:47:33,032 --> 05:47:34,967
LANDED.

10115
05:47:35,034 --> 05:47:36,335
>> ALL RIGHT.

10116
05:47:36,402 --> 05:47:37,770
SO WE'RE ACTUALLY DOING PRETTY

10117
05:47:37,836 --> 05:47:39,471
GOOD ON TIME, SO I THINK I WOULD

10118
05:47:39,538 --> 05:47:41,073
LIKE TO OPEN IT UP TO ANY

10119
05:47:41,140 --> 05:47:43,676
QUESTIONS THAT PEOPLE HAVE OR

10120
05:47:43,742 --> 05:47:45,411
ANY COMMENTS, AND I KNOW THERE

10121
05:47:45,477 --> 05:47:46,845
WAS ONE, I CAN'T SEE YOUR TENT

10122
05:47:46,912 --> 05:47:52,484
CARD BUT -- FEEL FREE TO ASK THE

10123
05:47:52,551 --> 05:47:53,352
FIRST QUESTION.

10124
05:47:53,419 --> 05:47:56,922
>> SO IN TERMS OF THE GROUP

10125
05:47:56,989 --> 05:47:59,658
ONE'S COMMENTS ABOUT INCREASING

10126
05:47:59,725 --> 05:48:02,928
DIVERSITY BY USING DOCUMENTS

10127
05:48:02,995 --> 05:48:05,030
TRANSLATED INTO APPROPRIATE

10128
05:48:05,097 --> 05:48:07,733
LANGUAGES, I DO THINK THAT --

10129
05:48:07,800 --> 05:48:10,269
MAYBE I THINK MAYBE ABOVE NICHD,

10130
05:48:10,336 --> 05:48:12,671
BUT FOR EXAMPLE, THE PHOENIX

10131
05:48:12,738 --> 05:48:13,872
TOOLKIT IS A SET OF INSTRUMENTS

10132
05:48:13,939 --> 05:48:16,742
THAT ARE USED PRETTY WIDELY, I

10133
05:48:16,809 --> 05:48:17,910
THINK, FOR COLLECTING DIFFERENT

10134
05:48:17,977 --> 05:48:23,148
TYPES OF INFORMATION, SDOH, DEM

10135
05:48:23,215 --> 05:48:24,383
GRAPHICS, LOTS OF THINGS LIKE

10136
05:48:24,450 --> 05:48:25,484
THAT, VERY FEW OF THOSE

10137
05:48:25,551 --> 05:48:26,452
INSTRUMENTS ARE AVAILABLE IN

10138
05:48:26,518 --> 05:48:27,553
SPANISH.

10139
05:48:27,620 --> 05:48:30,389
I AM SURE THAT EACH OF THOSE

10140
05:48:30,456 --> 05:48:32,157
INSTRUMENTS HAS BEEN TRANSLATED

10141
05:48:32,224 --> 05:48:33,892
MULTIPLE TIMES BY MULTIPLE

10142
05:48:33,959 --> 05:48:35,294
NIH-FUNDED INVESTIGATORS, SO

10143
05:48:35,361 --> 05:48:37,830
HAVING THEM AVAILABLE FROM THE

10144
05:48:37,896 --> 05:48:39,231
GET-GO WOULD SAVE A LOT OF TIME.

10145
05:48:39,298 --> 05:48:42,001
WE'RE REDOING IT NOW FOR THE

10146
05:48:42,067 --> 05:48:43,402
MULTI-OMICS CONSORTIUM, BECAUSE

10147
05:48:43,469 --> 05:48:44,570
ONLY TWO OUT OF I THINK 10 THAT

10148
05:48:44,637 --> 05:48:45,904
WE'RE GOING TO USE ARE

10149
05:48:45,971 --> 05:48:47,039
TRANSLATED.

10150
05:48:47,106 --> 05:48:48,674
SO THAT WAS MY -- I GUESS A

10151
05:48:48,741 --> 05:48:50,943
COMMENT MORE THAN ANYTHING.

10152
05:48:51,010 --> 05:48:52,678
AND WE'D BE HAPPY TO SHARE THE

10153
05:48:52,745 --> 05:48:57,383
TRANSLATED VERSION.

10154
05:48:57,449 --> 05:48:59,151
>> ANY OTHER QUESTIONS OR

10155
05:48:59,218 --> 05:49:06,825
COMMENTS FOR THE FULL GROUP?

10156
05:49:06,892 --> 05:49:07,459
ALL RIGHT.

10157
05:49:07,526 --> 05:49:10,296
I AM NOT SEEING ANY.

10158
05:49:10,362 --> 05:49:12,731
I'LL JUST -- I'LL JUST KIND OF

10159
05:49:12,798 --> 05:49:14,033
SUM UP A LITTLE BIT MY THOUGHTS.

10160
05:49:14,099 --> 05:49:16,635
I MEAN, THIS HAS BEEN A REALLY

10161
05:49:16,702 --> 05:49:18,737
FANTASTIC DAY IN TERMS OF THESE

10162
05:49:18,804 --> 05:49:20,372
SESSIONS AND REALLY, I THINK,

10163
05:49:20,439 --> 05:49:21,240
SURFACING A LOT OF THINGS WE'RE

10164
05:49:21,307 --> 05:49:24,310
GOING TO NEED TO IT  CONTINUE

10165
05:49:24,376 --> 05:49:24,977
TALKING ABOUT.

10166
05:49:25,044 --> 05:49:26,845
I KNOW I SORT OF STARTED MEETING

10167
05:49:26,912 --> 05:49:29,548
WITH THAT BUT IT WAS REALLY SOME

10168
05:49:29,615 --> 05:49:30,916
OF THE COMMENTS THAT CAME UP

10169
05:49:30,983 --> 05:49:32,117
FROM THE GROUP LEADERS THAT IS

10170
05:49:32,184 --> 05:49:34,386
SORT OF MAKING ME THINK ABOUT A

10171
05:49:34,453 --> 05:49:35,921
VENUE OR A WAY WHERE ALL THESE

10172
05:49:35,988 --> 05:49:36,889
STAKEHOLDERS CAN HAVE CONTINUED

10173
05:49:36,955 --> 05:49:38,490
DISCUSSION.

10174
05:49:38,557 --> 05:49:40,626
I THINK THAT MIGHT BE SORT OF

10175
05:49:40,693 --> 05:49:42,494
MY -- AT LEAST RIGHT NOW, THE

10176
05:49:42,561 --> 05:49:44,063
BIGGEST TAKEAWAY THAT I HAVE,

10177
05:49:44,129 --> 05:49:45,564
BECAUSE I THINK A LOT OF WHAT

10178
05:49:45,631 --> 05:49:47,266
WE'RE TALKING ABOUT ISN'T GOING

10179
05:49:47,333 --> 05:49:49,101
TO BE FIGURED OUT IN A WORKSHOP

10180
05:49:49,168 --> 05:49:52,404
EVERY SIX MONTHS OR A YEAR, AND

10181
05:49:52,471 --> 05:49:55,407
CERTAINLY A PLACE WHERE MANY

10182
05:49:55,474 --> 05:49:56,675
STAKEHOLDERS CAN COME IN FROM

10183
05:49:56,742 --> 05:49:58,210
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, PRIVATE

10184
05:49:58,277 --> 05:50:01,480
SECTOR, ACADEMICS, STARTUPS,

10185
05:50:01,547 --> 05:50:03,248
ENTREPRENEURS, VENTURE

10186
05:50:03,315 --> 05:50:03,916
PHILANTHROPY, ET CETERA, SO

10187
05:50:03,982 --> 05:50:05,651
THAT'S SORT OF MY ONE BIG

10188
05:50:05,718 --> 05:50:05,984
TAKEAWAY.

10189
05:50:06,051 --> 05:50:07,619
SO AGAIN, THANKS TO EVERYBODY

10190
05:50:07,686 --> 05:50:09,822
FOR THIS, AND I WILL TURN TO

10191
05:50:09,888 --> 05:50:12,224
ZHAOXIA FOR SOME CLOSING REMARKS

10192
05:50:12,291 --> 05:50:15,094
AND SOME FUTURE PLANS.

10193
05:50:15,160 --> 05:50:18,030
>> THANK YOU, AARON.

10194
05:50:18,097 --> 05:50:22,801
SO WHILE IT IS A INCREDIBLE DAY,

10195
05:50:22,868 --> 05:50:27,306
A VERY EXCITING AND VERY

10196
05:50:27,373 --> 05:50:30,709
ENLIGHTENING WHOLE DAY AND WITH

10197
05:50:30,776 --> 05:50:37,583
A LOT OF, YOU KNOW, MANY, MANY

10198
05:50:37,649 --> 05:50:40,419
PRESENTATIONS, VERY STIMULATING

10199
05:50:40,486 --> 05:50:42,855
DISCUSSIONS AND COMMENT,

10200
05:50:42,921 --> 05:50:46,558
VARIABLE COMMENTS, AND AS AARON

10201
05:50:46,625 --> 05:50:50,929
JUST MENTIONED THAT A LOT OF

10202
05:50:50,996 --> 05:50:52,998
VARIABLE COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS OR

10203
05:50:53,065 --> 05:50:55,601
TAKE-HOME MESSAGES, WE NEEDED TO

10204
05:50:55,667 --> 05:50:58,270
THINK ABOUT AND CONTINUE -- OUR

10205
05:50:58,337 --> 05:50:59,838
ORIGINAL PLAN HAD ALREADY

10206
05:50:59,905 --> 05:51:02,441
THOUGHT ABOUT MAYBE WE WILL HAVE

10207
05:51:02,508 --> 05:51:05,377
FOR THE FUTURE WE'LL HAVE A

10208
05:51:05,444 --> 05:51:07,112
SERIES OF CONFERENCES,

10209
05:51:07,179 --> 05:51:08,881
DEFINITELY THIS HAS LAID OUT A

10210
05:51:08,947 --> 05:51:11,717
FOUNDATION FOR US TO CONTINUE

10211
05:51:11,784 --> 05:51:13,786
THINKING, MAYBE IN THE FUTURE,

10212
05:51:13,852 --> 05:51:17,055
WE WILL PLAN ON HAVING

10213
05:51:17,122 --> 05:51:21,560
CONFERENCES FOCUSING ON SPECIFIC

10214
05:51:21,627 --> 05:51:23,095
TOPICS THAT CAME UP FROM TODAY'S

10215
05:51:23,162 --> 05:51:23,495
WORKSHOP.

10216
05:51:23,562 --> 05:51:26,398
OF COURSE THIS IS A VERY SHORT

10217
05:51:26,465 --> 05:51:32,404
MEETING, JUST ONE DAY, ON VERY,

10218
05:51:32,471 --> 05:51:34,306
VERY IMPORTANT TOPICS WHICH WE

10219
05:51:34,373 --> 05:51:35,174
COULD EXTEND SOME OF THE TOPICS

10220
05:51:35,240 --> 05:51:36,442
FOR A WHOLE DAY OR TWO DAYS.

10221
05:51:36,508 --> 05:51:37,876
SO WE DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO GET

10222
05:51:37,943 --> 05:51:38,410
INTO THAT.

10223
05:51:38,477 --> 05:51:42,014
SO THAT IS ACTUALLY ON OUR

10224
05:51:42,080 --> 05:51:46,285
THINKING AND OUR PLAN FOR FUTURE

10225
05:51:46,351 --> 05:51:46,552
EVENT.

10226
05:51:46,618 --> 05:51:49,455
SO WITH THAT, I WOULD LIKE TO

10227
05:51:49,521 --> 05:51:51,123
EXPRESS MY HEARTFELT

10228
05:51:51,190 --> 05:51:52,758
APPRECIATION FOR ALL THE

10229
05:51:52,825 --> 05:51:55,794
PARTICIPANTS TO THE SPEAKERS, TO

10230
05:51:55,861 --> 05:51:59,965
THE MODERATORS AND THE GREAT

10231
05:52:00,032 --> 05:52:02,801
GROUP CHAIRS AND CO-CHAIRS FOR

10232
05:52:02,868 --> 05:52:08,507
YOUR COMMITMENT, YOUR HELP AN

10233
05:52:08,574 --> 05:52:12,778
AND -- YES, AND SO REALLY

10234
05:52:12,845 --> 05:52:14,613
WITHOUT YOU THIS WOULD NOT BE

10235
05:52:14,680 --> 05:52:17,049
POSSIBLE, AND SO THIS IS A VERY,

10236
05:52:17,115 --> 05:52:23,388
VERY, VERY HELPFUL -- WE REALLY

10237
05:52:23,455 --> 05:52:25,457
APPRECIATE IT.

10238
05:52:25,524 --> 05:52:30,929
ALSO WE'D LIKE TO THANK THE

10239
05:52:30,996 --> 05:52:32,898
LOGISTICS TEAM AND ALSO THE NIH

10240
05:52:32,965 --> 05:52:33,665
EVENT MANAGEMENT STAFF.

10241
05:52:33,732 --> 05:52:35,634
THEY ARE WORKING BEHIND THE

10242
05:52:35,701 --> 05:52:37,035
SCENES AND WITHOUT THEM, THIS

10243
05:52:37,102 --> 05:52:38,537
WORKSHOP WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE

10244
05:52:38,604 --> 05:52:40,606
AS WELL.

10245
05:52:40,672 --> 05:52:43,942
AND THANK YOU ALL AGAIN AS WE

10246
05:52:44,009 --> 05:52:49,214
STAY CONNECTED AS WE CONTINUE TO

10247
05:52:49,281 --> 05:52:50,949
THINK ABOUT THE CURRENT APPROACH

10248
05:52:51,016 --> 05:52:56,255
OR EVEN COME UP WITH A NOVEL

10249
05:52:56,321 --> 05:52:58,757
APPROACH BY LEVERAGING EXISTING

10250
05:52:58,824 --> 05:53:01,159
RESOURCES AND INTEGRATE CUTTING

10251
05:53:01,226 --> 05:53:04,663
EDGY MERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND

10252
05:53:04,730 --> 05:53:07,232
A.I. IS A HOT, HOT TOPIC, FOR

10253
05:53:07,299 --> 05:53:10,602
THE DAY I THINK IT WOULD BE

10254
05:53:10,669 --> 05:53:14,840
CONTINUED FOR MANY YEARS.

10255
05:53:14,907 --> 05:53:19,311
SO LET US STAY CONNECTED SO WE

10256
05:53:19,378 --> 05:53:20,512
WILL CONTINUE TO TACKLE THE VERY

10257
05:53:20,579 --> 05:53:21,947
IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ISSUE

10258
05:53:22,014 --> 05:53:24,116
RELATED TO MATERNAL HEALTH

10259
05:53:24,182 --> 05:53:26,218
OUTCOMES, HOPE THAT THIS EFFORT

10260
05:53:26,285 --> 05:53:27,953
WILL MOVE THIS FIELD FORWARD.

10261
05:53:28,020 --> 05:53:32,324
SO THANK YOU AGAIN, AND ALL HAVE

10262
05:53:32,391 --> 05:53:42,701
A SAFE TRIP HOME.