1 00:00:05,640 --> 00:00:08,520 >>THIS IS THE NIAAA DIRECTOR'S 2 00:00:08,520 --> 00:00:08,760 REPORT. 3 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:11,800 I HAVE TO OPEN THE SESSION. 4 00:00:11,800 --> 00:00:14,840 SORRY ABOUT THAT. 5 00:00:14,840 --> 00:00:18,440 I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME YOU TO 6 00:00:18,440 --> 00:00:20,800 THE 164th MEETING OF THE 7 00:00:20,800 --> 00:00:22,000 NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL ON 8 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:23,440 ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM. 9 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:27,240 I'LL CALL ON EACH COUNCIL 10 00:00:27,240 --> 00:00:28,680 MEMBER, BOTH ONLINE AND PRESENT 11 00:00:28,680 --> 00:00:33,920 IN THE ROOM, AND IF YOU COULD 12 00:00:33,920 --> 00:00:38,160 JUST SAY A WORD ABOUT YOURSELF, 13 00:00:38,160 --> 00:00:44,520 WHERE YOU'RE FROM, AND YOUR 14 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:47,440 MAJOR INTEREST. 15 00:00:47,440 --> 00:00:50,640 SO NANCY BARNETT? 16 00:00:50,640 --> 00:00:50,840 MEANS? 17 00:00:50,840 --> 00:00:53,400 >> HI, NANCY BARNETT, SCHOOL OF 18 00:00:53,400 --> 00:01:00,920 PUBLIC HEALTH, BROWN UNIVERSITY, 19 00:01:00,920 --> 00:01:04,840 ADOLESCENT INTERVENTION, SOCIAL 20 00:01:04,840 --> 00:01:05,120 NETWORKS. 21 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:06,560 >> CHRISTINA CARPENTER. 22 00:01:06,560 --> 00:01:09,320 >> I THINK THAT'S CHRISTOPHER, 23 00:01:09,320 --> 00:01:11,560 IF THAT'S ME, I'M SORRY FOR 24 00:01:11,560 --> 00:01:12,640 STEPPING IN. 25 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:16,480 SORRY I CAN'T BE WITH YOU TODAY. 26 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:18,400 >> CHRIS CARPENTER. 27 00:01:18,400 --> 00:01:19,600 >> I'M CHRISTOPHER CARPENTER, 28 00:01:19,600 --> 00:01:21,520 VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, 29 00:01:21,520 --> 00:01:24,360 INTERESTED IN PUBLIC POLICY AND 30 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:24,640 ADOLESCENTS. 31 00:01:24,640 --> 00:01:30,120 >> I WAS LOOKING AT CHRISTINA 32 00:01:30,120 --> 00:01:34,480 CHAMBERS, MIXED YOU UP. 33 00:01:34,480 --> 00:01:34,920 CHRISTINA CHAMBERS? 34 00:01:34,920 --> 00:01:37,560 >> THANKS, GEORGE. 35 00:01:37,560 --> 00:01:39,280 TINA CHAMBERS, EPIDEMIOLOGIST, 36 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:39,960 PROFESSOR OF PEDIATRICS, 37 00:01:39,960 --> 00:01:41,320 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN 38 00:01:41,320 --> 00:01:43,800 DIEGO, AND THE AREA I WORK IN IS 39 00:01:43,800 --> 00:01:46,760 FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS 40 00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:48,800 AND PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE. 41 00:01:48,800 --> 00:01:52,800 >> AND NANCY GONZALEZ. 42 00:01:52,800 --> 00:01:53,560 ALSO ON ZOOM. 43 00:01:53,560 --> 00:01:54,640 >> HELLO. 44 00:01:54,640 --> 00:01:57,520 SORRY I CAN'T BE THERE TODAY. 45 00:01:57,520 --> 00:01:59,160 NANCY GONZALEZ, ARIZONA STATE 46 00:01:59,160 --> 00:01:59,800 UNIVERSITY. 47 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:01,640 I STUDY -- PREVENTION SCIENTIST, 48 00:02:01,640 --> 00:02:05,680 I STUDY HIGH RISK POPULATIONS, 49 00:02:05,680 --> 00:02:08,240 PARTICULARLY LATINX POPULATIONS 50 00:02:08,240 --> 00:02:10,080 AND OTHER UNDERREPRESENTED 51 00:02:10,080 --> 00:02:14,320 GROUPS TO DESIGN PREVENTIVE 52 00:02:14,320 --> 00:02:15,320 INTERVENTIONS FOR COMMUNITY 53 00:02:15,320 --> 00:02:17,800 IMPLEMENTATION. 54 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:19,040 >> THANKS. 55 00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:20,040 AND RHONDA JONES-WEBB. 56 00:02:20,040 --> 00:02:22,680 >> YES, GOOD MORNING, I'M RHONDA 57 00:02:22,680 --> 00:02:23,640 JONES-WEBB, PROFESSOR IN 58 00:02:23,640 --> 00:02:25,600 DIVISION OF EPI AND COMMUNITY 59 00:02:25,600 --> 00:02:26,800 HEALTH, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA 60 00:02:26,800 --> 00:02:28,920 SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 61 00:02:28,920 --> 00:02:32,440 MY RESEARCH FOCUSES ON ALCOHOL 62 00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:34,160 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POLICY, FOR 63 00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:39,880 SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON RAISED CLASS 64 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:40,480 AND NEIGHBORHOOD INFLUENCES. 65 00:02:40,480 --> 00:02:46,920 >> BETH KING DAVIDSON. 66 00:02:46,920 --> 00:02:48,840 >> DIRECT CARE PROVIDER, 67 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:50,320 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS, I'VE 68 00:02:50,320 --> 00:02:53,480 BEEN DOING IT SINCE 1978, JUST 69 00:02:53,480 --> 00:02:54,960 RECENTLY RETIRED FROM SUBURBAN 70 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:57,240 HOSPITAL, JOHNS HOPKINS, AS 71 00:02:57,240 --> 00:03:00,640 DIRECTOR, CONTINUE A PRIVATE 72 00:03:00,640 --> 00:03:00,920 PRACTICE. 73 00:03:00,920 --> 00:03:05,640 >> THANKS. 74 00:03:05,640 --> 00:03:06,040 DAVID KERRIKAN. 75 00:03:06,040 --> 00:03:08,920 >> PROFESSOR IN DEPARTMENT OF 76 00:03:08,920 --> 00:03:09,520 NEUROLOGY, INDIANA UNIVERSITY 77 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:12,440 SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DIRECTOR 78 00:03:12,440 --> 00:03:14,760 OF THE ALCOHOL RESEARCH CENTER 79 00:03:14,760 --> 00:03:17,040 THERE, MAJOR INTERESTS ARE IN 80 00:03:17,040 --> 00:03:20,200 FUNCTIONAL IMAGING IN HUMANS OF 81 00:03:20,200 --> 00:03:22,040 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER RISK. 82 00:03:22,040 --> 00:03:24,120 >> AND CHARLES CHUCK LANG? 83 00:03:24,120 --> 00:03:25,360 >> THANKS. 84 00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:27,560 CHUCK LANG, PENN STATE COLLEGE 85 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:29,080 OF MEDICINE, INTERESTS IN 86 00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:33,000 METABOLIC EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON 87 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:35,000 SKELETAL CARDIAC MUSCLE AND 88 00:03:35,000 --> 00:03:38,040 DEVELOPMENT OF MYELOPATHY IN 89 00:03:38,040 --> 00:03:38,840 THOSE TISSUES. 90 00:03:38,840 --> 00:03:39,840 >> MARY LARIMER? 91 00:03:39,840 --> 00:03:41,840 >> HI, MARY LARIMER, PROFESSOR 92 00:03:41,840 --> 00:03:43,240 OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL 93 00:03:43,240 --> 00:03:44,480 SCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY 94 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:45,480 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, 95 00:03:45,480 --> 00:03:47,560 DIRECTOR OF CENTER FOR STUDY OF 96 00:03:47,560 --> 00:03:49,920 HEALTH AND RISK BEHAVIORS, AREAS 97 00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:50,600 OF INTEREST ARE ETIOLOGY 98 00:03:50,600 --> 00:03:52,560 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF 99 00:03:52,560 --> 00:03:54,880 ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS AND 100 00:03:54,880 --> 00:04:00,360 RELATED COMORBID CONDITIONS, 101 00:04:00,360 --> 00:04:01,680 PRIMARY YOUNG ADEALTS, 102 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:04,440 ADOLESCENTS, COLLEGE STUDENTS. 103 00:04:04,440 --> 00:04:04,840 >> MICHAEL LEWIS. 104 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:07,800 >> CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, 105 00:04:07,800 --> 00:04:09,440 HUNTER COLLEGE GRADUATE CENTER, 106 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:10,920 INTERESTED IN NEUROBEHAVIORAL 107 00:04:10,920 --> 00:04:12,520 AND MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS 108 00:04:12,520 --> 00:04:16,560 INVOLVED WITH ALCOHOL USE 109 00:04:16,560 --> 00:04:20,600 DISORDER, AND EATING DISORDERS. 110 00:04:20,600 --> 00:04:21,360 >> THANKS. 111 00:04:21,360 --> 00:04:24,920 AND LAUREN NAGY ON ZOOM. 112 00:04:24,920 --> 00:04:25,120 LAURA? 113 00:04:25,120 --> 00:04:27,560 >> HI, YES, SORRY I CAN'T BE 114 00:04:27,560 --> 00:04:30,760 THERE BUT I'M LAURA NAGY, 115 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:33,600 CLEVELAND CLINIC, DEPARTMENT OF 116 00:04:33,600 --> 00:04:34,360 INFLAMMATION AND IMMUNITY, 117 00:04:34,360 --> 00:04:38,120 INTERESTED IN THE ROLE OF INNATE 118 00:04:38,120 --> 00:04:42,840 IMMUNE ACTIVITY IN ALCOHOL 119 00:04:42,840 --> 00:04:46,040 ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE. 120 00:04:46,040 --> 00:04:47,880 >> THANKS. 121 00:04:47,880 --> 00:04:48,600 LAURA O'DELL. 122 00:04:48,600 --> 00:04:51,480 >> UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL 123 00:04:51,480 --> 00:04:52,680 PASO, PROFESSOR OF BEHAVIORAL 124 00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:54,120 NEUROSCIENCE AND MY INTERESTS 125 00:04:54,120 --> 00:04:56,240 ARE IN RODENT MODELS OF 126 00:04:56,240 --> 00:04:58,640 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER, WITH 127 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:03,440 PARTICULAR INTEREST IN 128 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:04,080 VULNERABLE POPULATIONS. 129 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:05,520 >> AND LAST BECAUSE HER LAST 130 00:05:05,520 --> 00:05:13,200 NAME STARTS WITH A W, KATIE 131 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:13,440 WIKOWITZ. 132 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:14,640 >> PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF 133 00:05:14,640 --> 00:05:15,920 PSYCHOLOGY, DIRECTOR OF CENTER 134 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:17,840 ON ALCOHOL SUBSTANCE USE AND 135 00:05:17,840 --> 00:05:19,440 ADDICTIONS, UNIVERSITY OF NEW 136 00:05:19,440 --> 00:05:21,040 MEXICO, RESEARCH IS BROADLY ON 137 00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:24,560 TREATMENT AND RECOVERY OF 138 00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:25,280 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER. 139 00:05:25,280 --> 00:05:26,320 >> THANKS, EVERYBODY. 140 00:05:26,320 --> 00:05:30,280 GREAT TO SEE YOU ALL, ALL 141 00:05:30,280 --> 00:05:31,120 COUNCIL MEMBERS HERE. 142 00:05:31,120 --> 00:05:33,320 AND SO MANY OF YOU PRESENT IN 143 00:05:33,320 --> 00:05:33,680 PERSON. 144 00:05:33,680 --> 00:05:36,480 HOPEFULLY WE'LL HAVE SOME GOOD 145 00:05:36,480 --> 00:05:37,480 DISCUSSIONS LATER ON. 146 00:05:37,480 --> 00:05:45,600 YOU KNOW WHO I AM, DIRECTOR OF. 147 00:05:45,600 --> 00:05:45,800 TRISH? 148 00:05:45,800 --> 00:05:51,400 >> TRISH POWELL, DEPUTY 149 00:05:51,400 --> 00:05:52,160 DIRECTOR, NIAAA. 150 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:56,040 >> AND THEN IS VICKIE ONLINE? 151 00:05:56,040 --> 00:05:56,440 >> YES. 152 00:05:56,440 --> 00:05:56,680 >> VICKIE? 153 00:05:56,680 --> 00:05:57,560 >> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE. 154 00:05:57,560 --> 00:06:00,800 GOOD TO SEE YOU ALL. 155 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:01,880 VICKIE BUCKLEY, EXECUTIVE 156 00:06:01,880 --> 00:06:07,920 OFFICER AND DEPUTY ETHICS 157 00:06:07,920 --> 00:06:09,880 COUNSELOR FOR NIAAA. 158 00:06:09,880 --> 00:06:13,360 >> I'LL HAVE THE DIRECTOR 159 00:06:13,360 --> 00:06:17,520 INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AGAIN. 160 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:20,520 161 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:20,800 KATHY JUNG. 162 00:06:20,800 --> 00:06:21,520 >> GOOD MORNING. 163 00:06:21,520 --> 00:06:23,800 I WISH I COULD BE THERE WITH 164 00:06:23,800 --> 00:06:25,520 YOU, KATHY JUNG, DIRECTOR OF THE 165 00:06:25,520 --> 00:06:30,560 DIVISION OF METABOLISM AND 166 00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:33,000 HEALTH EFFECTS, NIAAA. 167 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:34,360 >> ANTONIO. 168 00:06:34,360 --> 00:06:36,040 >> HELLO, ANTONIO NORONHA, 169 00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:40,320 DIRECTOR OF DIVISION OF 170 00:06:40,320 --> 00:06:46,880 NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR AT 171 00:06:46,880 --> 00:06:47,080 NIAAA. 172 00:06:47,080 --> 00:06:47,520 >> RALPH? 173 00:06:47,520 --> 00:06:50,560 >> GOOD MORNING, DIVISION OF 174 00:06:50,560 --> 00:06:56,320 EPIDEMIOLOGY, VETERAN RESEARCH 175 00:06:56,320 --> 00:06:57,000 AT NIAA. 176 00:06:57,000 --> 00:06:57,320 >> BRIDGET? 177 00:06:57,320 --> 00:07:02,320 >> GOOD MORNING, BRIDGET 178 00:07:02,320 --> 00:07:03,200 WILLIAMS-SIMMONS, ASSOCIATE 179 00:07:03,200 --> 00:07:04,400 DIRECTOR FOR BASIC RESEARCH. 180 00:07:04,400 --> 00:07:05,920 SORRY I COULDN'T BE THERE BUT 181 00:07:05,920 --> 00:07:10,520 SOMEONE IN THE HOUSE HAS COVID. 182 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:11,600 GOOD TO BE HERE. 183 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:15,040 >> AND DAVID L,VINGER? 184 00:07:15,040 --> 00:07:17,840 >> YES, I AM THE SCIENTIFIC 185 00:07:17,840 --> 00:07:19,600 DIRECTOR OF THE DIVISION OF 186 00:07:19,600 --> 00:07:21,560 INTRAMURAL CLINICAL AND 187 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:26,400 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH, INTRAMURAL 188 00:07:26,400 --> 00:07:27,480 PROGRAM AT NIAAA. 189 00:07:27,480 --> 00:07:29,200 >> AND DAVID GOLDMAN, ARE YOU 190 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:29,880 ON, DAVID? 191 00:07:29,880 --> 00:07:31,640 >> YES, I AM. 192 00:07:31,640 --> 00:07:35,800 THANK YOU, GEORGE. 193 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:37,080 CLINICAL DIRECTOR NIAAA, ALSO ON 194 00:07:37,080 --> 00:07:38,280 A COVID QUARANTINE. 195 00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:48,880 SORRY THAT I CAN'T BE THERE. 196 00:07:48,880 --> 00:07:49,120 >> PHILIPPE? 197 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:50,320 >> YES, PHILIPPEMARMILLOT, 198 00:07:50,320 --> 00:07:52,880 DIRECTOR OF EXTRAMURAL 199 00:07:52,880 --> 00:07:53,760 ACTIVITIES. 200 00:07:53,760 --> 00:08:02,960 >> AND R.V. 201 00:08:02,960 --> 00:08:03,640 >> R.V. SRINIVAS. 202 00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:06,080 >> NOW IT'S TIME FOR MY 203 00:08:06,080 --> 00:08:06,760 DIRECTOR'S REPORT. 204 00:08:06,760 --> 00:08:08,640 IT'S NOT A LONG ONE THIS TIME, 205 00:08:08,640 --> 00:08:11,480 AT LEAST I HOPE IT'S NOT. 206 00:08:11,480 --> 00:08:16,680 AND IT'S A PLEASURE TO SEE 207 00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:17,080 EVERYBODY HERE. 208 00:08:17,080 --> 00:08:21,120 >> GEORGE, WE DID MISS RAY LITON 209 00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:21,720 IN INTRODUCTIONS. 210 00:08:21,720 --> 00:08:25,160 >> WE ALWAYS MISS SOMEBODY. 211 00:08:25,160 --> 00:08:26,680 RAY, SORRY ABOUT THAT. 212 00:08:26,680 --> 00:08:29,840 >> THAT'S OKAY, GEORGE. 213 00:08:29,840 --> 00:08:31,800 RAY LITTON, DIRECTOR OF DIVISION 214 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:35,000 OF TREATMENT RECOVERY RESEARCH 215 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:35,440 AT NIAAA. 216 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:38,480 >> WHEN I MAKE THESE MISTAKES I 217 00:08:38,480 --> 00:08:39,600 DON'T REALIZE PEOPLE THINK MAYBE 218 00:08:39,600 --> 00:08:41,800 THEY HAVE BEEN FIRED IN THE 219 00:08:41,800 --> 00:08:42,360 INTERIM. 220 00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:45,080 YOU'RE STILL HERE, RAY, AND WE 221 00:08:45,080 --> 00:08:48,320 LOVE YOU. 222 00:08:48,320 --> 00:08:53,080 NOW TO THE DIRECTOR'S REPORT. 223 00:08:53,080 --> 00:09:00,520 SO, WE START WITH SAD NEWS. 224 00:09:00,520 --> 00:09:01,720 ANN SDREISSGUTH PASSED WITH A, 225 00:09:01,720 --> 00:09:03,360 PROFESSOR IN DEPARTMENT OF 226 00:09:03,360 --> 00:09:05,560 PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL 227 00:09:05,560 --> 00:09:06,200 SCIENCES AT UNIVERSITY OF 228 00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:07,800 WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, 229 00:09:07,800 --> 00:09:09,400 BECAME THE FOUNDING DIRECTOR OF 230 00:09:09,400 --> 00:09:12,440 THE SCHOOL'S FETAL ALCOHOL AND 231 00:09:12,440 --> 00:09:17,360 DRUG UNIT, RENOWNED AS EXPERT ON 232 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:18,560 FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS 233 00:09:18,560 --> 00:09:21,720 AND CO-PUBLISHED FIRST STUDY 234 00:09:21,720 --> 00:09:22,640 IDENTIFYING FETAL ALCOHOL 235 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:26,880 SYNDROME IN THE UNITED STATES, 236 00:09:26,880 --> 00:09:28,720 AND ITS LINK TO MATERNAL ALCOHOL 237 00:09:28,720 --> 00:09:29,840 CONSUMPTION IN PREGNANCY. 238 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:33,680 FOR 30 YEARS SHE LED THE 239 00:09:33,680 --> 00:09:36,520 NIAAA-FUNDED LONGITUDINAL STUDY 240 00:09:36,520 --> 00:09:38,480 ALCOHOL INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY, 241 00:09:38,480 --> 00:09:40,000 OFFSPRING DEVELOPMENT, 242 00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:41,520 QUOTE/UNQUOTE, THAT FOLLOWED 243 00:09:41,520 --> 00:09:42,760 STUDY PARTICIPANTS FROM 244 00:09:42,760 --> 00:09:46,040 CHILDHOOD INTO ADULTHOOD, TO 245 00:09:46,040 --> 00:09:47,440 BETTER UNDERSTAND THE LONG-TERM 246 00:09:47,440 --> 00:09:48,360 NEURAL DEVELOPMENTAL 247 00:09:48,360 --> 00:09:50,960 CONSEQUENCES OF FETAL ALCOHOL 248 00:09:50,960 --> 00:09:53,280 SPECTRUM DISORDER. 249 00:09:53,280 --> 00:09:55,320 SHE WAS AN OUTSTANDING 250 00:09:55,320 --> 00:09:56,240 SCIENTIST, ESTEEMED COLLEAGUE, 251 00:09:56,240 --> 00:09:57,280 GENEROUS MENTOR. 252 00:09:57,280 --> 00:09:59,440 SHE WILL BE SORELY MISSED, AND 253 00:09:59,440 --> 00:10:03,120 I'M SURE THERE WILL BE SOME 254 00:10:03,120 --> 00:10:08,480 CELEBRATIONS OF HER CAREER, 255 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:11,560 CERTAINLY AT RSA BECAUSE OF HER 256 00:10:11,560 --> 00:10:13,400 SEMINAL CONTRIBUTIONS. 257 00:10:13,400 --> 00:10:16,680 SOME INSTITUTE UPDATES, SOME OF 258 00:10:16,680 --> 00:10:20,720 YOU, MANY ARE AWARE THAT TWO 259 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:22,840 SENIOR STAFF ANNOUNCEMENTS, DR. 260 00:10:22,840 --> 00:10:29,480 DAVID LOVINGER IS NEW 261 00:10:29,480 --> 00:10:30,840 SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR, WAS ACTING 262 00:10:30,840 --> 00:10:32,720 DIRECTOR FOR SOME TIME, PROVIDES 263 00:10:32,720 --> 00:10:35,320 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM AND 264 00:10:35,320 --> 00:10:36,280 ADMINISTRATIVE LEADERSHIP. 265 00:10:36,280 --> 00:10:39,480 ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR PROMOTING 266 00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:42,080 INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENT THAT 267 00:10:42,080 --> 00:10:44,960 VALUES DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES, 268 00:10:44,960 --> 00:10:46,800 ENCOURAGES COLLABORATION, 269 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:47,560 FACILITATES INNOVATIVE RESEARCH, 270 00:10:47,560 --> 00:10:50,760 AS I SAID WAS PREVIOUSLY NIAA'S 271 00:10:50,760 --> 00:10:53,120 ACTING SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR IN 272 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:56,960 ADDITION TO HIS NEW ROLE, HE 273 00:10:56,960 --> 00:10:59,160 WILL CONTINUE TO DIRECT 274 00:10:59,160 --> 00:11:00,040 LABORATORY FOR INTEGRATIVE 275 00:11:00,040 --> 00:11:02,680 NEUROSCIENCE WHICH EXAMINES THE 276 00:11:02,680 --> 00:11:05,520 ROLE OF PARTICULAR MOLECULES AND 277 00:11:05,520 --> 00:11:10,720 IN THE NEURAL BIOLOGY OF ACUTE 278 00:11:10,720 --> 00:11:14,000 ALCOHOL SEEKING BEHAVIOR, HE HAS 279 00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:18,320 AN ACTIVE AND FORWARD-LOOKING 280 00:11:18,320 --> 00:11:19,520 LABORATORY WITH MAIN SEMINAL 281 00:11:19,520 --> 00:11:20,840 CONTRIBUTIONS SO I THINK THE 282 00:11:20,840 --> 00:11:24,800 COMBINATION OF HIS OWN WORK AND 283 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:28,240 GUIDANCE OF THE IRP IS GOING TO 284 00:11:28,240 --> 00:11:33,480 PUT US IN GOOD STEAD FOR THE 285 00:11:33,480 --> 00:11:34,520 FUTURE. 286 00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:36,800 MS.DAWN WAYMAN IS NIAAA'S NEW 287 00:11:36,800 --> 00:11:38,680 SCIENTIFIC DIVERSITY OFFICER, 288 00:11:38,680 --> 00:11:41,720 HELPING TO CATALYZE AND 289 00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:42,920 COORDINATE NIAAA-SPECIFIC GOALS 290 00:11:42,920 --> 00:11:44,440 AND RESOLVE CRITICAL ISSUES THAT 291 00:11:44,440 --> 00:11:46,560 WILL ENHANCE DIVERSITY AND 292 00:11:46,560 --> 00:11:48,600 EQUITY OF RESEARCH PROGRAMS. 293 00:11:48,600 --> 00:11:50,640 MS.WAYMAN WAS PREVIOUSLY BRANCH 294 00:11:50,640 --> 00:11:54,320 DIRECTOR FOR STRATEGIC DIVERSITY 295 00:11:54,320 --> 00:11:56,480 AND INCLUSION IN NIH'S OFFICE OF 296 00:11:56,480 --> 00:11:57,600 EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND 297 00:11:57,600 --> 00:11:58,000 INCLUSION. 298 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:01,200 WE'RE REALLY, REALLY HAPPY TO 299 00:12:01,200 --> 00:12:02,840 HAVE DAWN WITH US. 300 00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:03,880 I HOPE COUNCIL MEMBERS WILL 301 00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:06,320 INTERACT WITH DAWN IN THE 302 00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:06,560 FUTURE. 303 00:12:06,560 --> 00:12:11,160 I KNOW SHE'S ALREADY REACHING 304 00:12:11,160 --> 00:12:16,440 OUT TO NIAAA STAFF, LISTENING 305 00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:19,160 AND WATCHING AND STARTING TO 306 00:12:19,160 --> 00:12:20,280 INSTIGATE PROGRAMS THAT WE -- 307 00:12:20,280 --> 00:12:24,080 INTRODUCE PROGRAMS WE HOPE TO 308 00:12:24,080 --> 00:12:26,000 INSTIGATE AND UTILIZE IN OUR 309 00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:28,480 EFFORTS IN THIS AREA. 310 00:12:28,480 --> 00:12:30,800 IT'S A REALLY HIGH PRIORITY AT 311 00:12:30,800 --> 00:12:34,840 NIAAA AND I HOPE YOU ALL REALIZE 312 00:12:34,840 --> 00:12:37,240 THAT IT IS. 313 00:12:37,240 --> 00:12:38,640 THE BUDGET. 314 00:12:38,640 --> 00:12:40,880 SO WE'RE CLOSING OUT FISCAL YEAR 315 00:12:40,880 --> 00:12:44,280 2023 FOR WHICH NIAAA RECEIVED A 316 00:12:44,280 --> 00:12:46,760 TOTAL OF ALMOST $600 MILLION, 317 00:12:46,760 --> 00:12:49,840 INCLUDING $1.3 MILLION AIDS 318 00:12:49,840 --> 00:12:50,120 TRANSFER. 319 00:12:50,120 --> 00:12:55,160 THE BUDGET FOR 2024 IS NOT 320 00:12:55,160 --> 00:12:55,960 FINALIZED. 321 00:12:55,960 --> 00:12:58,600 I DIDN'T LET STAFF PUT VERBIAGE 322 00:12:58,600 --> 00:12:59,440 ON HERE, PERHAPS I SHOULD, 323 00:12:59,440 --> 00:13:01,320 BECAUSE THIS CAME UP AT THE 324 00:13:01,320 --> 00:13:03,080 INSTITUTE DIRECTOR'S MEETING 325 00:13:03,080 --> 00:13:06,600 THAT I PARTICIPATED IN ABOUT AN 326 00:13:06,600 --> 00:13:09,680 HOUR AGO THIS MORNING. 327 00:13:09,680 --> 00:13:11,840 THE OUTLOOK FOR 2024 IS NOT 328 00:13:11,840 --> 00:13:12,280 GOOD. 329 00:13:12,280 --> 00:13:13,880 ALL RIGHT. 330 00:13:13,880 --> 00:13:18,040 THERE'S GOING TO BE, AT BEST, A 331 00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:18,480 CONTINUING RESOLUTION. 332 00:13:18,480 --> 00:13:22,480 EVEN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 333 00:13:22,480 --> 00:13:24,000 CONTINUING RESOLUTION, BECAUSE 334 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,320 OF PAY INCREASES, ALL KINDS OF 335 00:13:26,320 --> 00:13:28,320 TAPS, ALL KINDS OF THINGS THAT 336 00:13:28,320 --> 00:13:29,960 HAPPENED THAT WE HAVE TO DEAL 337 00:13:29,960 --> 00:13:32,640 WITH ON A YEARLY BASIS, SOME ARE 338 00:13:32,640 --> 00:13:35,400 JUST CONVERGING AT THIS GIVEN 339 00:13:35,400 --> 00:13:39,040 TIME, THERE'S GOING TO BE SOME 340 00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:40,880 BUDGET TIGHTENING. 341 00:13:40,880 --> 00:13:43,720 AND WE'RE GOING TO BE WORKING 342 00:13:43,720 --> 00:13:45,680 WITH OUR STAFF AT NIAAA TO SEE 343 00:13:45,680 --> 00:13:47,080 HOW WE CAN, YOU KNOW, MITIGATE 344 00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:50,520 SOME OF THIS BUT I JUST WANT YOU 345 00:13:50,520 --> 00:13:53,240 AS COUNCIL MEMBERS TO GET THE 346 00:13:53,240 --> 00:13:57,320 WORD OUT THERE, PRIORITIES HERE 347 00:13:57,320 --> 00:14:00,040 AT NIAAA ARE GOING TO BE 348 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:01,560 EARLY-STAGE INVESTIGATORS AND 349 00:14:01,560 --> 00:14:03,080 INVESTIGATORS AT RISK. 350 00:14:03,080 --> 00:14:06,160 AND THAT COMES OFF THE TOP. 351 00:14:06,160 --> 00:14:08,680 AND THAT'S WHAT LARRY TABAK, 352 00:14:08,680 --> 00:14:10,120 ACTING DIRECTOR OF NIH, SAID 353 00:14:10,120 --> 00:14:13,160 THIS MORNING ABOUT AN HOUR AGO, 354 00:14:13,160 --> 00:14:13,720 HOUR-AND-A-HALF AGO. 355 00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:14,480 THAT'S WHAT'S GOING TO COME OFF 356 00:14:14,480 --> 00:14:15,360 THE TOP. 357 00:14:15,360 --> 00:14:18,080 I JUST WANT YOU TO REALIZE THAT 358 00:14:18,080 --> 00:14:26,440 THERE'S GOING TO BE CRUNCHES ON 359 00:14:26,440 --> 00:14:27,440 THE REST. 360 00:14:27,440 --> 00:14:28,840 YOU DO WHAT YOU WILL WITH THIS 361 00:14:28,840 --> 00:14:31,240 INFORMATION BUT I THINK YOU 362 00:14:31,240 --> 00:14:33,000 SHOULD GET BACK TO YOUR LOCAL 363 00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:37,800 AREAS AND POINT OUT TO THEM 364 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:39,880 THAT, YOU KNOW, THERE'S GOING TO 365 00:14:39,880 --> 00:14:43,600 BE NO -- WE SEE NO CAVALRY 366 00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:44,920 RESCUE IN MARCH. 367 00:14:44,920 --> 00:14:47,240 THAT'S THE FINAL WORD THAT LARRY 368 00:14:47,240 --> 00:14:47,680 SAID. 369 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,160 YOU KNOW, WE JUST DON'T SEE IT. 370 00:14:50,160 --> 00:14:51,400 AND SO JUST BEAR IN MIND. 371 00:14:51,400 --> 00:14:53,040 I CAN'T GIVE YOU ANY CONCRETE 372 00:14:53,040 --> 00:14:54,320 DECISIONS THAT WE'RE GOING TO 373 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:55,880 MAKE AS AN INSTITUTE AT THIS 374 00:14:55,880 --> 00:14:59,120 POINT BUT WANT YOU TO REALIZE WE 375 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:03,320 KNOW, I WANT YOU TO KNOW, I'D 376 00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:03,960 LIKE THE EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY TO 377 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:05,400 KNOW THAT IT'S GOING TO BE A 378 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:06,040 TIGHT YEAR. 379 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:06,720 ALL RIGHT? 380 00:15:06,720 --> 00:15:09,200 AND WE JUST DON'T SEE ANY 381 00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:10,560 MIRACLES OUT THERE, IF YOU SEE A 382 00:15:10,560 --> 00:15:17,000 MIRACLE THEN LET ME KNOW ABOUT 383 00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:17,360 IT. 384 00:15:17,360 --> 00:15:19,640 SO, A NUMBER OF FUNDING 385 00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:21,240 OPPORTUNITIES, THESE WILL BE IN 386 00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:24,440 YOUR WRITTEN REPORT, BUT THE 387 00:15:24,440 --> 00:15:25,440 ALCOHOL RESEARCH CENTER PROGRAM, 388 00:15:25,440 --> 00:15:26,080 THE PURPOSE OF THE ALCOHOL 389 00:15:26,080 --> 00:15:33,520 RESEARCH CENTERS IS TO PROVIDE 390 00:15:33,520 --> 00:15:35,600 LEADERSHIP CONDUCTING, FOSTERING 391 00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:37,720 INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS, 392 00:15:37,720 --> 00:15:38,960 LETTERS OF INTENT DUE OCTOBER 393 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:39,360 15. 394 00:15:39,360 --> 00:15:40,520 IN THE CLOSED SESSION WE HAD A 395 00:15:40,520 --> 00:15:44,240 NUMBER OF CENTERS THAT WERE UP 396 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:45,640 FOR RENEWAL. 397 00:15:45,640 --> 00:15:53,520 WE HAVE P50s AND P60s, 60s 398 00:15:53,520 --> 00:15:55,080 MUST INCLUDE DISSEMINATION CORE 399 00:15:55,080 --> 00:15:56,480 TO INITIATE AND EXPAND COMMUNITY 400 00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:57,240 EDUCATION RELATED TO ACTIVITIES 401 00:15:57,240 --> 00:15:59,480 OF THE CENTER. 402 00:15:59,480 --> 00:16:02,680 WE ALSO -- IT'S NOT ON THE SLIDE 403 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:06,920 BUT WE HAVE A PLAN FOR ENHANCING 404 00:16:06,920 --> 00:16:10,360 DIVERSITY THAT MUST BE PUT FORTH 405 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:16,320 IN EACH CENTER WHEN THEY SEND IN 406 00:16:16,320 --> 00:16:18,280 THEIR NEW APPLICATION TO RENEW 407 00:16:18,280 --> 00:16:20,440 OR START A CENTER AND WE'RE 408 00:16:20,440 --> 00:16:24,040 USING CENTERS AS EXAMPLE OF 409 00:16:24,040 --> 00:16:25,400 HAVING THIS PEDP AS WE CALL IT 410 00:16:25,400 --> 00:16:29,200 OUT THERE SO WE CAN SEE HOW IT 411 00:16:29,200 --> 00:16:31,040 GETS REVIEWED, WHAT THE 412 00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:33,680 STRUCTURES LOOK LIKE, AND HOW WE 413 00:16:33,680 --> 00:16:37,080 CAN MAYBE INTEGRATE THESE KIND 414 00:16:37,080 --> 00:16:39,600 OF PLANS MORE INTO THE -- ALL OF 415 00:16:39,600 --> 00:16:40,920 OUR FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES IN THE 416 00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:41,320 EXTRAMURAL WORLD. 417 00:16:41,320 --> 00:16:43,880 AND SO THIS IS A MOVEMENT THAT'S 418 00:16:43,880 --> 00:16:46,520 BEEN GOING ON, STARTED WITH THE 419 00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:47,600 BRAIN INITIATIVE, MANY OF YOU 420 00:16:47,600 --> 00:16:48,160 ARE AWARE. 421 00:16:48,160 --> 00:16:50,040 WE MOVED IT TO THE CENTERS 422 00:16:50,040 --> 00:16:50,440 PROGRAM. 423 00:16:50,440 --> 00:16:51,880 WE'LL EVALUATE THAT WITH DAWN 424 00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:53,760 AND OUR STAFF, AND THEN SEE 425 00:16:53,760 --> 00:16:55,720 WHERE GO FROM THERE, JUST SO 426 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:58,320 YOU'RE AWARE OF IT. 427 00:16:58,320 --> 00:16:59,440 ALCOHOL AND TREATMENT RECOVERY 428 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:03,480 RESEARCH, TO SUPPORT A BROAD 429 00:17:03,480 --> 00:17:07,520 RANGE OF TOPICS, MEDICATION 430 00:17:07,520 --> 00:17:08,920 DEVELOPMENT, BEHAVIORAL 431 00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:10,040 THERAPIES, MECHANISMS, RECOVERY, 432 00:17:10,040 --> 00:17:11,360 INNOVATIVE METHODS AND 433 00:17:11,360 --> 00:17:14,720 TECHNOLOGIES, WE PUT OUT THIS 434 00:17:14,720 --> 00:17:16,400 PAR AND THIS IS OBVIOUSLY THE 435 00:17:16,400 --> 00:17:18,160 DIVISION OF TREATMENT AND 436 00:17:18,160 --> 00:17:20,480 RECOVERY THAT THIS COMES FROM. 437 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:25,600 WE HAVE AN ALCOHOL HEALTH 438 00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:27,440 SERVICES RESEARCH, ALSO PAR TO 439 00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:29,000 SUPPORT RESEARCH ON CLOSING THE 440 00:17:29,000 --> 00:17:30,880 TREATMENT GAP FOR INDIVIDUALS 441 00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:32,720 WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 442 00:17:32,720 --> 00:17:35,040 INCLUDING ACCESS AND MAKING 443 00:17:35,040 --> 00:17:36,320 TREATMENT MORE APPEALING, 444 00:17:36,320 --> 00:17:38,440 REDUCING HEALTH DISPARITIES. 445 00:17:38,440 --> 00:17:39,400 AGAIN, FROM DTR. 446 00:17:39,400 --> 00:17:41,600 AND THEN ALCOHOL AND OTHER 447 00:17:41,600 --> 00:17:43,320 SUBSTANCE USE RESEARCH EDUCATION 448 00:17:43,320 --> 00:17:44,520 PROGRAMS FOR HEALTH 449 00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:46,160 PROFESSIONALS, THIS IS TO 450 00:17:46,160 --> 00:17:47,520 SUPPORT PROJECTS DESIGNED TO 451 00:17:47,520 --> 00:17:48,920 ENGAGE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS 452 00:17:48,920 --> 00:17:50,320 IN EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ON 453 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:51,760 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND OTHER 454 00:17:51,760 --> 00:17:53,600 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS. 455 00:17:53,600 --> 00:17:58,640 AGAIN, FROM DTR. 456 00:17:58,640 --> 00:18:01,400 AND THEN OUR HIV PROGRAM, HIV 457 00:18:01,400 --> 00:18:03,680 PREVENTION AND ALCOHOL, THIS 458 00:18:03,680 --> 00:18:05,640 SOLICITS APPLICATIONS TO EXPAND 459 00:18:05,640 --> 00:18:09,360 THE HIV/AIDS PREVENTION TOOLKIT 460 00:18:09,360 --> 00:18:10,600 AMONG ALCOHOL IMPACTED 461 00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:13,400 POPULATIONS AND ASSOCIATED 462 00:18:13,400 --> 00:18:18,800 BEHAVIORAL AND BIOLOGICAL RISKS 463 00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:21,880 FOR HIV. 464 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:28,680 AND THEN WE HAVE ASKED FOR 465 00:18:28,680 --> 00:18:30,200 ALCOHOL PHARMACOLOGY -- 466 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:31,320 PHARMACOTHERAPY EVALUATION 467 00:18:31,320 --> 00:18:32,600 PROGRAM, REQUEST FOR LETTERS OF 468 00:18:32,600 --> 00:18:35,800 INTENT, AND PURPOSE OF THIS IS 469 00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:38,520 TO HELP ADVANCE MEDICATIONS 470 00:18:38,520 --> 00:18:40,840 DEVELOPMENT FOR ALCOHOL USE 471 00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:41,640 DISORDER. 472 00:18:41,640 --> 00:18:43,880 WE SUPPORT AN ALCOHOL 473 00:18:43,880 --> 00:18:46,160 PHARMACOTHERAPY EVALUATION 474 00:18:46,160 --> 00:18:47,080 PROGRAM. 475 00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:52,200 THIS IS AN INTEGRATIVE PROGRAM 476 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:53,880 CONSISTING OF NIAA CLINICAL 477 00:18:53,880 --> 00:18:54,760 INVESTIGATIONS GROUP, HUMAN 478 00:18:54,760 --> 00:18:57,280 LABORATORY PROGRAM, NOW ALCOHOL 479 00:18:57,280 --> 00:18:58,640 INTERACTION PROGRAM. 480 00:18:58,640 --> 00:19:00,640 THE PROGRAM IS SEEKING LETTERS 481 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:02,520 OF INTEREST FOR PROMISING 482 00:19:02,520 --> 00:19:05,600 MEDICATIONS FOR ALCOHOL USE 483 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:10,280 DISORDER, NOVEL COMPOUNDS AND 484 00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:11,160 REPURPOSED MEDICATIONS, TO 485 00:19:11,160 --> 00:19:12,600 EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY IN 486 00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:13,680 PHASE 1 AND PHASE 2 CLINICAL 487 00:19:13,680 --> 00:19:14,000 TRIALS. 488 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:16,520 CLINICAL TRIALS WILL BE 489 00:19:16,520 --> 00:19:20,480 SUPPORTED BY AN NIAAA CONTRACT, 490 00:19:20,480 --> 00:19:22,200 CONDUCTED BY ALCOHOL 491 00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:23,080 PHARMACOTHERAPY EVALUATION 492 00:19:23,080 --> 00:19:23,480 PROGRAM. 493 00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:26,480 THIS IS NOT A GRANT. 494 00:19:26,480 --> 00:19:28,760 YOU ACTUALLY GET SUPPORTED 495 00:19:28,760 --> 00:19:29,880 DIRECTLY BY A CONTRACT 496 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:32,960 MECHANISM, IT IS RUN OUT OF DTR. 497 00:19:32,960 --> 00:19:37,400 SO LETTERS ARE DUE SEPTEMBER 15. 498 00:19:37,400 --> 00:19:38,280 MORE INFORMATION AND 499 00:19:38,280 --> 00:19:39,480 INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUBMITTING A 500 00:19:39,480 --> 00:19:43,520 LETTER OF INTEREST CAN BE FOUND 501 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:46,920 IN THE NOTICE, LISTED HERE, DAN 502 00:19:46,920 --> 00:19:48,200 FALK IS OUR CONTACT. 503 00:19:48,200 --> 00:19:49,120 WHAT'S PARTICULARLY NEW ABOUT 504 00:19:49,120 --> 00:19:51,840 THIS IS WE'VE BEEN DOING HUMAN 505 00:19:51,840 --> 00:19:53,920 LABORATORY STUDIES, WE'VE BEEN 506 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:57,760 DOING CLINICAL TRIALS. 507 00:19:57,760 --> 00:19:59,720 BUT WE NOW ARE DOING ALCOHOL 508 00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:01,280 INTERACTION STUDIES WHICH WOULD 509 00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:02,600 HELP PEOPLE GET AN IND BECAUSE 510 00:20:02,600 --> 00:20:04,600 YOU'RE NOT GOING TO BE ABLE TO 511 00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:07,520 GET AN IND OUT OF THE FDA TO 512 00:20:07,520 --> 00:20:09,040 TEST A COMPOUND IN HUMANS UNTIL 513 00:20:09,040 --> 00:20:11,120 YOU DO A DRUG INTERACTION STUDY. 514 00:20:11,120 --> 00:20:15,920 DID I GET THAT RIGHT, RAY? 515 00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:18,800 >> YES. 516 00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:20,840 THE IND AND ALSO DOING PHASE 1 517 00:20:20,840 --> 00:20:23,600 STUDIES AND THE ALCOHOL 518 00:20:23,600 --> 00:20:24,880 INTERACTION STUDIES WOULD 519 00:20:24,880 --> 00:20:25,880 COMPLETE THE PHASE 1. 520 00:20:25,880 --> 00:20:32,560 UNTIL YOU GET THE INDIAN -- IND 521 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:33,760 AND PHASE 1 STUDIES WE CAN'T 522 00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:34,680 SUPPORT OUR PHASE 2 TRIALS. 523 00:20:34,680 --> 00:20:38,800 >> YOU HEARD IT FROM THE MASTER. 524 00:20:38,800 --> 00:20:40,000 ALSO, YOU KNOW, ANOTHER MAJOR 525 00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:43,480 TOPIC AS I ALREADY MENTIONED IS 526 00:20:43,480 --> 00:20:45,560 ADVANCING DIVERSITY, EQUITY, 527 00:20:45,560 --> 00:20:46,200 INCLUSION, AND ACCESSIBILITY, 528 00:20:46,200 --> 00:20:47,360 WE'RE PARTICIPATING IN SEVERAL 529 00:20:47,360 --> 00:20:49,000 FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES TO ENHANCE 530 00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:52,600 THE DIVERSITY OF THE RESEARCH 531 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:53,240 WORKFORCE ACROSS CAREER 532 00:20:53,240 --> 00:20:53,640 SPECTRUM. 533 00:20:53,640 --> 00:20:55,640 MORE INFORMATION ON THIS IS IN 534 00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:57,520 THE DIRECTOR'S REPORT. 535 00:20:57,520 --> 00:21:01,800 SOME THINGS WE'RE DOING, ADVANCE 536 00:21:01,800 --> 00:21:03,000 PRE-DOCTORAL T32 TRAINING 537 00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:11,200 PROGRAM TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY, 538 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:12,520 PREVENTIVE INTERVENTIONS, SIGNED 539 00:21:12,520 --> 00:21:15,280 ON THE BRAIN INITIATIVE ADVANCED 540 00:21:15,280 --> 00:21:16,560 POSTDOCTORAL CAREER TRANSITION 541 00:21:16,560 --> 00:21:18,520 AWARD TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY. 542 00:21:18,520 --> 00:21:23,120 THIS IS WHERE YOU MOVE FROM A 543 00:21:23,120 --> 00:21:25,320 K99 TO R00, IT'S BEEN A VERY 544 00:21:25,320 --> 00:21:28,400 SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM IN THE BRAIN 545 00:21:28,400 --> 00:21:29,480 INITIATIVE. 546 00:21:29,480 --> 00:21:30,440 ALSO THE NIH NEUROSCIENCE 547 00:21:30,440 --> 00:21:34,640 DEVELOPMENT FOR ADVANCING THE 548 00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:36,480 CAREERS OF DIVERSE WORKFORCE, 549 00:21:36,480 --> 00:21:39,120 R25, AND RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTS TO 550 00:21:39,120 --> 00:21:40,520 PROMOTE DIVERSITY IN 551 00:21:40,520 --> 00:21:41,040 HEALTH-RELATED RESEARCH. 552 00:21:41,040 --> 00:21:43,720 SO, PRETTY MUCH ANYTHING THAT 553 00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:45,240 COMES THROUGH NIH IN THIS REGARD 554 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:49,360 THAT WE FEEL WOULD HELP OUR 555 00:21:49,360 --> 00:21:50,080 EFFORTS IN DIVERSITY, EQUITY, 556 00:21:50,080 --> 00:21:51,080 INCLUSION, AND ACCESSIBILITY WE 557 00:21:51,080 --> 00:21:54,000 BASICALLY SIGN ON TO. 558 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:56,120 AND I THINK THIS IS -- I FEEL 559 00:21:56,120 --> 00:21:57,120 LIKE WE'RE STARTING TO MAKE A 560 00:21:57,120 --> 00:21:59,200 LITTLE BIT OF PROGRESS IN THIS 561 00:21:59,200 --> 00:21:59,520 DOMAIN. 562 00:21:59,520 --> 00:22:03,880 AND I STILL THINK WE HAVE A LONG 563 00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:07,440 WAY TO GO. 564 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:17,960 A COUPLE OF RECENT NIAAA UPON 565 00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:23,480 -- SPONSORED MEETING, ACCENT ON 566 00:22:23,480 --> 00:22:24,480 PROMISING PROGRAMS. 567 00:22:24,480 --> 00:22:34,760 THE WEBINAR WAS HELD JUNE 16, 568 00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:36,440 HIGHLIGHTED THE IMANI PROGRAM 569 00:22:36,440 --> 00:22:38,040 FOR BLACK AND LATINO 570 00:22:38,040 --> 00:22:38,360 COMMUNITIES. 571 00:22:38,360 --> 00:22:42,640 I BELIEVE THIS WEBINAR IS ONLINE 572 00:22:42,640 --> 00:22:45,520 AND CAN BE WATCHED. 573 00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:47,680 NIAAA AND NATIONAL CANCER 574 00:22:47,680 --> 00:22:48,520 INSTITUTE CO-HOSTED POLICY 575 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:50,720 APPROACHES TO ALCOHOL AND CANCER 576 00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:52,760 PREVENTION RESOURCES RESULTS AND 577 00:22:52,760 --> 00:22:55,240 GAPS ON JULY 18 WHICH 578 00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:58,080 HIGHLIGHTED NIAAA'S ALCOHOL 579 00:22:58,080 --> 00:22:58,760 POLICY INFORMATION SYSTEM. 580 00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:01,720 WHICH MANY OF YOU KNOW NOT ONLY 581 00:23:01,720 --> 00:23:03,680 CHARTS POLICY CHANGES IN THE 582 00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:06,760 STATES FOR ALCOHOL BUT ALSO FOR 583 00:23:06,760 --> 00:23:09,640 MARIJUANA USE THAT WE PAY FOR. 584 00:23:09,640 --> 00:23:11,080 AND NIAAA AND NATIONAL INSTITUTE 585 00:23:11,080 --> 00:23:14,000 ON AGING HELD A WORKSHOP, ROLE 586 00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:15,520 OF ALCOHOL MISUSE, ONSET AND 587 00:23:15,520 --> 00:23:17,080 PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S 588 00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:19,240 DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS ON 589 00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:21,640 JULY 26 AND 27, WORKSHOP 590 00:23:21,640 --> 00:23:22,880 FEATURED PRE-CLINICAL AND 591 00:23:22,880 --> 00:23:24,720 CLINICAL RESEARCH ON HOW CHRONIC 592 00:23:24,720 --> 00:23:26,360 HEAVY ALCOHOL EXPOSURE MAY 593 00:23:26,360 --> 00:23:28,240 INTERSECT WITH PATHWAYS OF 594 00:23:28,240 --> 00:23:30,400 DEVELOPING AND EXACERBATING 595 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:31,520 ALZHEIMER'S AND RELATED 596 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:31,760 DEMENTIAS. 597 00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:36,120 THIS IS FOR ME A FASCINATING 598 00:23:36,120 --> 00:23:36,440 AREA. 599 00:23:36,440 --> 00:23:37,400 IT'S JUST BEGINNING BUT STAY 600 00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:38,360 TUNED BECAUSE WE'RE STARTING TO 601 00:23:38,360 --> 00:23:40,840 DO A GOOD BIT OF WORK IN 602 00:23:40,840 --> 00:23:41,680 COLLABORATION WITH NATIONAL 603 00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:43,520 INSTITUTE OF AGING ON THIS EXACT 604 00:23:43,520 --> 00:23:47,160 TOPIC AND A LOT OF THIS WORK IS 605 00:23:47,160 --> 00:23:49,240 BEING DONE IN DIVISION OF 606 00:23:49,240 --> 00:23:52,440 NEUROBIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR. 607 00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:56,280 NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR. 608 00:23:56,280 --> 00:24:00,760 COMING UP IS OUR ANNUAL 609 00:24:00,760 --> 00:24:01,840 NIDA-NIAAA MINI CONVENTION, 610 00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:02,760 FRONTIERS IN ADDICTION RESEARCH 611 00:24:02,760 --> 00:24:04,760 THAT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH THE 612 00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:06,640 FRONTIERS JOURNAL, JUST FOR THE 613 00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:07,400 RECORD. 614 00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:08,080 WE GOT THERE FIRST. 615 00:24:08,080 --> 00:24:11,600 THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON NOW SINCE 616 00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:17,040 CRAN DEVELOPED, WHICH AT LEAST 617 00:24:17,040 --> 00:24:20,000 TEN YEARS, COLLABORATIVE 618 00:24:20,000 --> 00:24:21,440 RESEARCH AT NIH, A SPECTACULARLY 619 00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:22,280 GOOD MEETING. 620 00:24:22,280 --> 00:24:24,160 WE'RE DOING IT ONLINE BECAUSE OF 621 00:24:24,160 --> 00:24:26,120 CONFLICTS WITH THE BEGINNING OF 622 00:24:26,120 --> 00:24:27,880 THIS SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE 623 00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:29,600 MEETING AND HAVE BEEN DOING IT 624 00:24:29,600 --> 00:24:31,720 ONLINE DURING THE PANDEMIC AND 625 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:33,160 IT WORKED SPECTACULARLY SO WE 626 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:35,200 EITHER DO IT ONLINE AND/OR 627 00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:37,080 HYBRID IN THE FUTURE BECAUSE WE 628 00:24:37,080 --> 00:24:38,480 GET SO MANY MORE PARTICIPANTS 629 00:24:38,480 --> 00:24:40,680 LISTENING IN ON THESE SESSIONS, 630 00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:43,560 WHEN WE HAVE A VIRTUAL COMPONENT 631 00:24:43,560 --> 00:24:44,200 TO IT. 632 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:44,960 THE SCIENTIFIC SESSIONS THIS 633 00:24:44,960 --> 00:24:47,080 YEAR WILL BE ALCOHOL AND 634 00:24:47,080 --> 00:24:49,240 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER IN THE 635 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:52,720 GLYMPHATIC SYSTEM, GLIAL CELLS 636 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:53,720 AND NEUROIMMUNE MECHANISMS, 637 00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:56,000 USING NEUROSCIENCE TO INFORM 638 00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:58,720 PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR 639 00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:00,600 SUBSTANCE USE. 640 00:25:00,600 --> 00:25:02,000 JOHN MATIKHEK IS THE LEAD EVERY 641 00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:04,440 YEAR AND DOES A SPECTACULAR JOB 642 00:25:04,440 --> 00:25:09,040 MAKING SURE WE TALK A LITTLE BIT 643 00:25:09,040 --> 00:25:10,440 ABOUT ALCOHOL, RIGHT, ANTONIO? 644 00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:12,160 WE LOVE OUR COLLEAGUES AT NIDA. 645 00:25:12,160 --> 00:25:20,520 BUT THEY HAVE MORE DRUGS THAN WE 646 00:25:20,520 --> 00:25:21,320 DO. 647 00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:23,600 SO SOMEHOW THE LAST VERSION OF 648 00:25:23,600 --> 00:25:24,840 MY TALK DIDN'T GET IN HERE. 649 00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:26,560 I'LL SKIP THIS AND MOVE TO 650 00:25:26,560 --> 00:25:27,960 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS BECAUSE I 651 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:29,200 WANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT AT THE 652 00:25:29,200 --> 00:25:33,480 END AND I'LL COME BACK TO THOSE 653 00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:33,720 SLIDES. 654 00:25:33,720 --> 00:25:37,720 SO, I PICKED OUT FIVE RESEARCH 655 00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:38,040 HIGHLIGHTS. 656 00:25:38,040 --> 00:25:40,280 ONE THING WE STARTED TO DO IS 657 00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:42,200 NARROW DOWN RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 658 00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:42,960 EACH ROUND. 659 00:25:42,960 --> 00:25:45,800 ALSO TO PICK PEOPLE THAT WE 660 00:25:45,800 --> 00:25:48,480 DON'T NORMALLY PICK AND TOPICS 661 00:25:48,480 --> 00:25:50,640 THAT WE DON'T NORMALLY PICK, BUT 662 00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:52,960 ALSO WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO IS 663 00:25:52,960 --> 00:25:54,680 COME UP WITH A THEME. 664 00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:56,120 THIS YEAR'S THEME IS BASICALLY 665 00:25:56,120 --> 00:25:58,640 HUMAN STUDIES. 666 00:25:58,640 --> 00:26:00,600 SO I'M NOT TALKING ABOUT RODENT 667 00:26:00,600 --> 00:26:02,280 WORK, ANY MOUSE WORK, ANY FLY 668 00:26:02,280 --> 00:26:03,880 WORK. 669 00:26:03,880 --> 00:26:07,320 IT'S GOING TO BE ALL AS MY 670 00:26:07,320 --> 00:26:11,920 THESIS ADVISOR USED TO SAY, THE 671 00:26:11,920 --> 00:26:17,920 TWO-LEGGED RATS, RIGHT? 672 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:21,120 SO, THE FIRST ONE IS A STUDY 673 00:26:21,120 --> 00:26:23,000 THAT SHOWED THAT WEB-BASED 674 00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:27,880 SEXUAL VIOLENCE, ALCOHOL MISUSE, 675 00:26:27,880 --> 00:26:29,320 AND BYSTANDER INTERVENTION 676 00:26:29,320 --> 00:26:31,440 PROGRAM DELIVERED TO FIRST-YEAR 677 00:26:31,440 --> 00:26:33,840 COLLEGE WOMEN REDUCED THEIR 678 00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:36,120 EXPOSURE TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE. 679 00:26:36,120 --> 00:26:41,040 THIS PARTICULAR STUDY SEXUAL 680 00:26:41,040 --> 00:26:43,680 VIOLENCE TOWARD COLLEGE, THEY 681 00:26:43,680 --> 00:26:45,640 OUTLINED TOWARD COLLEGE WOMEN, A 682 00:26:45,640 --> 00:26:46,760 MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN, 683 00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:49,680 ALCOHOL IS A KEY CONTRIBUTOR TO 684 00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:50,200 SEXUAL VIOLENCE. 685 00:26:50,200 --> 00:26:52,080 THIS STUDY AIMED TO DETERMINE 686 00:26:52,080 --> 00:26:55,600 THE EFFICACY OF AN 687 00:26:55,600 --> 00:26:56,160 INTERNET-BASED PREVENTION 688 00:26:56,160 --> 00:26:58,200 INTERVENTION, WHICH I LOVE THAT 689 00:26:58,200 --> 00:26:59,640 WORD, PREVENTION INTERVENTION, 690 00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:01,280 CALLED REAL CONSENT. 691 00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:03,040 DELIVERED TO FIRST-YEAR COLLEGE 692 00:27:03,040 --> 00:27:06,440 WOMEN AND DESIGNED TO REDUCE 693 00:27:06,440 --> 00:27:11,000 RISK FOR EXPOSURE TO SEXUAL 694 00:27:11,000 --> 00:27:12,920 VIOLENCE. 695 00:27:12,920 --> 00:27:17,680 IN REAL CONSENT, A FOUR 696 00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:20,560 45-MINUTE MODULES THAT CONTAIN 697 00:27:20,560 --> 00:27:25,000 TRAINING IN PROVEN BEHAVIORAL 698 00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:28,640 CHANGE, TECHNIQUES, BUT ALSO 699 00:27:28,640 --> 00:27:30,520 ENTERTAINMENT MEDIA EDUCATION 700 00:27:30,520 --> 00:27:30,720 MEDIA. 701 00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:31,920 THAT'S WHAT REAL CONSENT 702 00:27:31,920 --> 00:27:32,920 CONSISTS OF. 703 00:27:32,920 --> 00:27:35,440 AND IT WAS DELIVERED TO 704 00:27:35,440 --> 00:27:36,840 FIRST-YEAR COLLEGE WOMEN, AND 705 00:27:36,840 --> 00:27:38,760 DESIGNED TO REDUCE RISK FOR 706 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:42,240 EXPOSURE TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE. 707 00:27:42,240 --> 00:27:43,880 I MIGHT ADD, THE PARTICIPANTS IN 708 00:27:43,880 --> 00:27:46,080 THIS HAD ALREADY BEEN EXPOSED TO 709 00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:48,720 SEXUAL VIOLENCE AT ONE TIME OR 710 00:27:48,720 --> 00:27:49,160 ANOTHER. 711 00:27:49,160 --> 00:27:52,160 SO THEY WERE -- THEY HAD 712 00:27:52,160 --> 00:27:53,280 PREVIOUSLY BEEN EXPOSED. 713 00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:55,440 PARTICIPANTS IN THE REAL CONSENT 714 00:27:55,440 --> 00:27:57,120 GROUP EXPERIENCED LESS EXPOSURE 715 00:27:57,120 --> 00:28:01,920 TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE, ENGAGED IN 716 00:28:01,920 --> 00:28:03,360 MORE ALCOHOL PROTECTIVE 717 00:28:03,360 --> 00:28:05,840 BEHAVIORS, LESS LIKELY TO BINGE 718 00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:08,240 DRINK, MORE LIKELY TO ENGAGE IN 719 00:28:08,240 --> 00:28:09,360 BYSTANDER BEHAVIOR THAN PLACEBO 720 00:28:09,360 --> 00:28:10,240 GROUP. 721 00:28:10,240 --> 00:28:13,880 YOU CAN SEE IN THE REAL CONSENT 722 00:28:13,880 --> 00:28:17,120 TABLE HERE THAT IT WAS 723 00:28:17,120 --> 00:28:18,000 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT FOR A 724 00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:20,640 DECREASE IN THE INCIDENCE RATE 725 00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:23,680 RATIO WHICH IS THE INCIDENCE 726 00:28:23,680 --> 00:28:25,880 RATE OVER, YOU KNOW, ONE ITEM 727 00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:28,080 DIVIDED BY THE INCIDENCE RATE OF 728 00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:30,760 THE SECOND ITEM, SO IT WOULD BE 729 00:28:30,760 --> 00:28:35,080 THE CHANGE IN INCIDENCE, AND 730 00:28:35,080 --> 00:28:44,240 THEN ALSO USING EITHER THE SOTS 731 00:28:44,240 --> 00:28:47,480 OR THE COTS MODELS, AND IN BOTH 732 00:28:47,480 --> 00:28:53,800 CASES IT WAS STATISTICALLY 733 00:28:53,800 --> 00:28:54,400 SIGNIFICANT. 734 00:28:54,400 --> 00:28:56,880 FOR THE POISSON REGRESSION AND 735 00:28:56,880 --> 00:28:59,600 SOTS AND COTS, FOUND IS TO HAVE 736 00:28:59,600 --> 00:29:02,440 SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN LEVELS 737 00:29:02,440 --> 00:29:03,360 OF EXPOSURE TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE 738 00:29:03,360 --> 00:29:05,520 COMPARED TO THOSE IN THE CONTROL 739 00:29:05,520 --> 00:29:06,160 CONDITIONS. 740 00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:07,600 THIS WAS AT A SIX-MONTH 741 00:29:07,600 --> 00:29:08,160 FOLLOW-UP. 742 00:29:08,160 --> 00:29:17,640 SO IT WAS A SIX-MONTH FOLLOW-UP 743 00:29:17,640 --> 00:29:19,200 FROM WHEN THEY WERE 744 00:29:19,200 --> 00:29:21,920 PARTICIPATING IN REAL CONSENT 745 00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:29,000 TRAINING, FOUR 45-MINUTE MOD 746 00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:29,720 COMES. 747 00:29:29,720 --> 00:29:31,600 THIS WAS A PROMISING 748 00:29:31,600 --> 00:29:33,360 INTERVENTION THAT MAYBE COULD BE 749 00:29:33,360 --> 00:29:37,560 SCALED UP ULTIMATELY TO HELP 750 00:29:37,560 --> 00:29:41,000 INDIVIDUALS IN THIS REGARD. 751 00:29:41,000 --> 00:29:42,400 I WANT TO EMPHASIZE SOMETHING WE 752 00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:44,920 TRIED TO PUT INTO THIS 753 00:29:44,920 --> 00:29:46,760 DESCRIPTION, BUT THIS IS A 754 00:29:46,760 --> 00:29:47,640 PREVENTION INTERVENTION THAT 755 00:29:47,640 --> 00:29:50,400 WILL HELP WOMEN BUT BY NO MEANS 756 00:29:50,400 --> 00:29:52,360 IS THIS AN ARGUMENT THAT THE 757 00:29:52,360 --> 00:29:53,480 FAULT LIES WITH THE WOMEN. 758 00:29:53,480 --> 00:29:56,280 I WANT TO MAKE THAT POINT VERY 759 00:29:56,280 --> 00:30:02,640 CLEAR TO EVERYBODY HERE, ALL 760 00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:03,720 RIGHT? 761 00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:06,120 THIS IS A UNIVERSAL PROBLEM WITH 762 00:30:06,120 --> 00:30:08,560 YOUNG PEOPLE IN COLLEGE SETTINGS 763 00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:16,640 BUT PRESUMABLY IN NON-COLLEGE 764 00:30:16,640 --> 00:30:17,520 SETTINGS AS WELL. 765 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:20,360 ANOTHER PROGRAM THAT SEEMS TO 766 00:30:20,360 --> 00:30:21,880 HAVE HAD SOME EFFICACY IN LOWER 767 00:30:21,880 --> 00:30:26,360 SOME OF THE PATHOLOGY ASSOCIATED 768 00:30:26,360 --> 00:30:30,520 WITH ALCOHOL IS THIS 24/7 769 00:30:30,520 --> 00:30:32,680 SOBRIETY PROGRAM FOR INDIVIDUALS 770 00:30:32,680 --> 00:30:35,120 ARRESTED FOR DRIVING WHILE 771 00:30:35,120 --> 00:30:37,320 ALCOHOL IMPAIRED LOWERED THE 772 00:30:37,320 --> 00:30:39,960 RISK OF MORTALITY. 773 00:30:39,960 --> 00:30:41,360 SO, ALCOHOL DRIVING FATALITIES 774 00:30:41,360 --> 00:30:42,560 ARE INCREASING. 775 00:30:42,560 --> 00:30:44,760 I MEAN, IT'S HARD TO BELIEVE 776 00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:46,360 BECAUSE THERE'S BEEN A STRAIGHT, 777 00:30:46,360 --> 00:30:47,640 AS RALPH WILL TELL YOU, IT'S 778 00:30:47,640 --> 00:30:49,200 BEEN A STRAIGHT LINE DOWN FOR 779 00:30:49,200 --> 00:30:53,560 ABOUT 30 YEARS BUT IN THE LAST 780 00:30:53,560 --> 00:30:56,080 COUPLE OF YEARS THERE'S BEEN AN 781 00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:58,640 INCREASE, THE LAST YEAR IN 2020, 782 00:30:58,640 --> 00:31:01,280 AN INCREASE WE LOST ALMOST 783 00:31:01,280 --> 00:31:03,000 12,000 PEOPLE DRIVING UNDER THE 784 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:04,880 INFLUENCE AND IT WAS A 14% 785 00:31:04,880 --> 00:31:06,400 INCREASE OVER THE PREVIOUS YEAR. 786 00:31:06,400 --> 00:31:08,240 SO THE PANDEMIC SEEMS TO HAVE 787 00:31:08,240 --> 00:31:10,120 TWEAKED THIS IN THE WRONG 788 00:31:10,120 --> 00:31:12,320 DIRECTION AS WELL. 789 00:31:12,320 --> 00:31:15,240 SO, ALCOHOL IMPAIRED DRIVING 790 00:31:15,240 --> 00:31:15,920 FATALITIES ARE INCREASING, TO 791 00:31:15,920 --> 00:31:19,960 HELP ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM THE 792 00:31:19,960 --> 00:31:21,200 SOUTH DAKOTA 24/7 SOBRIETY 793 00:31:21,200 --> 00:31:23,360 PROGRAM ORDERS DRIVING UNDER THE 794 00:31:23,360 --> 00:31:24,440 INFLUENCE OFFENDERS TO ABSTAIN 795 00:31:24,440 --> 00:31:27,280 FROM ALCOHOL AND PROVIDES 796 00:31:27,280 --> 00:31:29,400 FREQUENT MONITORING WITH SWIFT, 797 00:31:29,400 --> 00:31:32,320 CERTAIN, MODERATE PENALTIES FOR 798 00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:32,800 VIOLATIONS. 799 00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:35,960 THEY CALL THESE MODERATE 800 00:31:35,960 --> 00:31:37,480 PENALTIES BUT THEY ARE ONE TO 801 00:31:37,480 --> 00:31:39,200 TWO NIGHTS IN JAIL, MANY OF YOU 802 00:31:39,200 --> 00:31:41,520 KNOW THAT, SO THEY ARE MODERATE 803 00:31:41,520 --> 00:31:45,800 BUT I WOULD CALL ADEQUATELY 804 00:31:45,800 --> 00:31:48,680 MODERATE, I'LL LEAN TOWARD THE 805 00:31:48,680 --> 00:31:56,360 MORE HIGH SIDE OF MODERATE. MOD, 806 00:31:56,360 --> 00:31:57,640 STARTING TIME TO MORTALITY 807 00:31:57,640 --> 00:31:59,520 OUTCOMES, UP TO FIVE YEARS 808 00:31:59,520 --> 00:32:00,840 FOLLOWING ARREST. 809 00:32:00,840 --> 00:32:01,680 THE RESEARCHERS FOUND 810 00:32:01,680 --> 00:32:03,600 SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN RISK 811 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:06,080 OF MORTALITY AMONG PROGRAM 812 00:32:06,080 --> 00:32:08,160 PARTICIPANTS RELATIVE TO 813 00:32:08,160 --> 00:32:09,520 NON-PARTICIPANTS, DEMONSTRATING 814 00:32:09,520 --> 00:32:11,680 THAT 24/7 SOBRIETY PROGRAMS MAY 815 00:32:11,680 --> 00:32:14,400 IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES IN 816 00:32:14,400 --> 00:32:16,480 ADDITION TO IMPROVING PUBLIC 817 00:32:16,480 --> 00:32:17,320 SAFETY. 818 00:32:17,320 --> 00:32:19,120 AND SURVIVAL PROBABILITIES 819 00:32:19,120 --> 00:32:21,520 INDICATED HERE, PREDICTED 820 00:32:21,520 --> 00:32:23,280 SURVIVAL FUNCTIONS FOR 24/7 821 00:32:23,280 --> 00:32:23,960 PARTICIPANTS AND 822 00:32:23,960 --> 00:32:24,720 NON-PARTICIPANTS ARE ILLUSTRATED 823 00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:25,400 IN THE GRAPH HERE. 824 00:32:25,400 --> 00:32:27,520 AT THE END OF THE FIVE-YEAR 825 00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:29,600 FOLLOW-UP IT'S THE ACTUAL DATA 826 00:32:29,600 --> 00:32:31,160 AND THEN PROJECTION DATA IS 827 00:32:31,160 --> 00:32:33,000 SHOWN HERE FOR THE NEXT FIVE 828 00:32:33,000 --> 00:32:33,320 YEARS. 829 00:32:33,320 --> 00:32:39,800 AND SO IF YOU FOLLOW THESE 830 00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:42,520 LINES, ACCORDINGLY, THERE IS AN 831 00:32:42,520 --> 00:32:45,600 ESTIMATE OF 55% LOWER 832 00:32:45,600 --> 00:32:50,120 PROBABILITY OF DEATH FOR 24/7 833 00:32:50,120 --> 00:32:52,120 PARTIES WITHIN FIVE YEARS. 834 00:32:52,120 --> 00:32:56,080 THIS IS PRETTY GOOD OUTCOME, 835 00:32:56,080 --> 00:32:57,320 FROM MY PERSPECTIVE, AND YET 836 00:32:57,320 --> 00:33:00,040 ANOTHER PROGRAM THAT SEEMS TO 837 00:33:00,040 --> 00:33:02,240 HAVE PROMISE FOR REDUCING 838 00:33:02,240 --> 00:33:07,720 MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH 839 00:33:07,720 --> 00:33:08,600 ALCOHOL MISUSE. 840 00:33:08,600 --> 00:33:10,880 NOW, WE DID GET A LITTLE BRAIN 841 00:33:10,880 --> 00:33:13,200 IN THERE, ANTONIO. 842 00:33:13,200 --> 00:33:23,720 IT TURNS OUT THAT TREATMENT WITH 843 00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:26,240 FRONTAL DIRECT CURRENT 844 00:33:26,240 --> 00:33:27,160 STIMULATION, TRANSDIRECT CURRENT 845 00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:28,880 STIMULATION ACROSS THE FRONTAL 846 00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:31,800 PART OF THE HEAD INCREASED ODDS 847 00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:33,240 OF REMAINING ABSTINENT IN 848 00:33:33,240 --> 00:33:37,600 INDIVIDUALS WITH ALCOHOL USE 849 00:33:37,600 --> 00:33:39,800 DISORDER. 850 00:33:39,800 --> 00:33:41,640 SO THEY INVESTIGATED 851 00:33:41,640 --> 00:33:42,560 NON-INVASIVE NEUROMODULATION 852 00:33:42,560 --> 00:33:46,600 TREATMENT DELIVERED DURING EARLY 853 00:33:46,600 --> 00:33:47,680 ABSTINENCE. 854 00:33:47,680 --> 00:33:48,200 VARIATIONS IN FUNCTIONAL 855 00:33:48,200 --> 00:33:49,120 CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN CERTAIN 856 00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:51,280 BRAIN NETWORKS HAS BEEN 857 00:33:51,280 --> 00:33:54,240 ASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF RELAPSE 858 00:33:54,240 --> 00:33:56,120 TO ALCOHOL MISUSE. 859 00:33:56,120 --> 00:33:59,080 THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED EFFECTS 860 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:02,160 OF TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT 861 00:34:02,160 --> 00:34:03,720 STIMULATION, THIS IS NOT IN THE 862 00:34:03,720 --> 00:34:07,720 BRAIN, OUTSIDE THE BRAIN, 863 00:34:07,720 --> 00:34:12,960 STIMULATION USING TMS BASICALLY, 864 00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:14,280 BRAIN-BASED NON-INVASIVE 865 00:34:14,280 --> 00:34:15,600 TREATMENT, RELAPSE RATES DURING 866 00:34:15,600 --> 00:34:17,600 EARLY ABSTINENCE. 867 00:34:17,600 --> 00:34:19,440 AND THEY FOCUS ON FRONTAL 868 00:34:19,440 --> 00:34:23,480 CORTEX, MOST OF YOU KNOW THAT 869 00:34:23,480 --> 00:34:24,200 CONTROLS BOTH BASAL GANGLION, 870 00:34:24,200 --> 00:34:27,320 THE AREA OF THE BRAIN THAT DAVID 871 00:34:27,320 --> 00:34:29,080 LOVINGER STUDIES BUT ALSO 872 00:34:29,080 --> 00:34:32,480 EXTENDED AMYGDALA, THE PART I 873 00:34:32,480 --> 00:34:35,520 STUDY, TO CONTROL YOUR CRAVING 874 00:34:35,520 --> 00:34:37,960 BUT ALSO NEGATIVE AFFECT THAT 875 00:34:37,960 --> 00:34:40,200 COMES DURING ACUTE AND 876 00:34:40,200 --> 00:34:41,000 PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL FROM 877 00:34:41,000 --> 00:34:43,080 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER. 878 00:34:43,080 --> 00:34:44,040 SO CONTROLLING THIS CONNECTIVITY 879 00:34:44,040 --> 00:34:46,560 CONTROLS IN SOME SENSE THE 880 00:34:46,560 --> 00:34:46,880 REPTILE BRAIN. 881 00:34:46,880 --> 00:34:50,080 I DON'T KNOW THAT REPTILES HAVE 882 00:34:50,080 --> 00:34:52,160 MUCH OF A FRONTAL CORTEX, 883 00:34:52,160 --> 00:34:54,440 LOVINGER KNOWS MORE ABOUT WHAT A 884 00:34:54,440 --> 00:34:56,960 REPTILE HAS, BUT THEY DEFINITELY 885 00:34:56,960 --> 00:34:58,280 HAVE A BASAL GANGLIA, WHEN THEY 886 00:34:58,280 --> 00:35:00,040 CATCH THAT FLY THAT'S WHAT THEY 887 00:35:00,040 --> 00:35:01,560 ARE USING. 888 00:35:01,560 --> 00:35:04,320 THE LIZARD CATCHES THE FLY, AND 889 00:35:04,320 --> 00:35:05,520 THEY HAVE EXTENDED AMYGDALA WHEN 890 00:35:05,520 --> 00:35:08,560 THEY ARE -- YOU CAN SEE THEIR 891 00:35:08,560 --> 00:35:12,040 MATING BEHAVIOR IS QUITE ACTIVE. 892 00:35:12,040 --> 00:35:13,400 ALL RIGHT. 893 00:35:13,400 --> 00:35:15,360 TREATMENT FOR FIVE DAYS COMPARED 894 00:35:15,360 --> 00:35:17,000 TO SHAM CONDITION STRENGTHENED 895 00:35:17,000 --> 00:35:20,240 CONNECTIVITY FROM THE LATERAL 896 00:35:20,240 --> 00:35:22,040 DORSAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX TO 897 00:35:22,040 --> 00:35:24,320 ADDICTION NETWORK SUPPORTING 898 00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:26,600 INCENTIVE SALIENCE, THAT'S BASAL 899 00:35:26,600 --> 00:35:30,520 GANGLIA, AND NEGATIVES 900 00:35:30,520 --> 00:35:32,720 EMOTIONALITY, EXTENDED AMYGDALA, 901 00:35:32,720 --> 00:35:34,280 INCREASE IN PRE-FRONT CORTEX, 902 00:35:34,280 --> 00:35:35,800 INCREASED ODDS OF REMAIN 903 00:35:35,800 --> 00:35:40,400 ABSTINENT FOR FOUR MONTHS, EVEN 904 00:35:40,400 --> 00:35:41,040 MORE STRIKING. 905 00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:42,800 THESE RESULTS SUPPORT THE 906 00:35:42,800 --> 00:35:46,760 POTENTIAL UTILITY OF HARNESSING 907 00:35:46,760 --> 00:35:47,600 THE BRAIN'S FUNCTIONAL 908 00:35:47,600 --> 00:35:48,800 CONNECTIVITY TO SUPPORT BEHAVIOR 909 00:35:48,800 --> 00:35:50,800 CHANGE. 910 00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:59,120 IF YOU LOOK AT THE TOP GRAPH 911 00:35:59,120 --> 00:36:02,960 RIGHT-HAND SIDE, FROM THE 912 00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:04,360 PRE-FRONTAL CORTEX TO PRESUMABLY 913 00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:06,480 BASAL GANGLIA, YOU CAN SEE 914 00:36:06,480 --> 00:36:08,440 THERE'S A DIFFERENCE IN Z SCORE 915 00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:11,720 WHICH IS THE NUMBER OF STANDARD 916 00:36:11,720 --> 00:36:14,160 DEVIATIONS AWAY FROM THE MEAN, 917 00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:16,520 PRETTY GOOD AND SIGNIFICANT 918 00:36:16,520 --> 00:36:18,720 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ABSTAINERS 919 00:36:18,720 --> 00:36:19,920 AND RELAPSERS. 920 00:36:19,920 --> 00:36:20,600 POST INTERVENTION. 921 00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:23,960 SO, SEEMED TO HAVE AN EFFECT ON 922 00:36:23,960 --> 00:36:25,040 CONNECTIVITY AND REMEMBER THAT 923 00:36:25,040 --> 00:36:28,880 AS TRISH WAS POINTING OUT 924 00:36:28,880 --> 00:36:30,120 CONNECTIVITY CAN BE INHIBITOR 925 00:36:30,120 --> 00:36:31,280 INCREASE IN INHIBITION OR 926 00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:32,960 INCREASE IN ACTIVATION. 927 00:36:32,960 --> 00:36:34,880 WE DON'T KNOW WHAT THE NATURE OR 928 00:36:34,880 --> 00:36:36,120 DIRECTION OF THAT CONNECTIVITY 929 00:36:36,120 --> 00:36:36,560 IS. 930 00:36:36,560 --> 00:36:39,200 IT JUST MEANS THERE'S MORE 931 00:36:39,200 --> 00:36:39,520 CONNECTIVITY. 932 00:36:39,520 --> 00:36:41,720 AND THEN THE BOTTOM SLIDE SHOWS 933 00:36:41,720 --> 00:36:44,320 THAT THIS 50% DECREASE IN 934 00:36:44,320 --> 00:36:46,280 RELAPSE PROBABILITY IN THOSE 935 00:36:46,280 --> 00:36:50,160 THAT RECEIVE THE AC ACTIVE 936 00:36:50,160 --> 00:36:50,760 DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION, AND 937 00:36:50,760 --> 00:36:54,200 I DIDN'T PUT IT IN BECAUSE I 938 00:36:54,200 --> 00:36:56,600 LIMIT TO ONE SLIDE BUT FEMALES 939 00:36:56,600 --> 00:36:57,680 ACTUALLY WERE DRIVING THIS 940 00:36:57,680 --> 00:36:58,080 EFFECT. 941 00:36:58,080 --> 00:37:00,000 IT WAS A MAJOR SEX DIFFERENCE 942 00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:02,160 BETWEEN MALES AND FEMALES. 943 00:37:02,160 --> 00:37:02,840 SO ANOTHER INTRIGUING PIECE TO 944 00:37:02,840 --> 00:37:11,760 LOOK AT IF YOU LOOK AT THIS 945 00:37:11,760 --> 00:37:13,200 PAPER YOURSELVES. 946 00:37:13,200 --> 00:37:15,160 THIS IS A PILOT STUDY, THAT'S 947 00:37:15,160 --> 00:37:18,120 THE LAST SENTENCE OF THE 948 00:37:18,120 --> 00:37:19,000 SUMMARY, PROBIOTIC TREATMENT, 949 00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:21,360 DECREASED LIVER INJURY, HEAVY 950 00:37:21,360 --> 00:37:23,840 DRINKING IN MODERATE 951 00:37:23,840 --> 00:37:24,400 ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED HEPATITIS 952 00:37:24,400 --> 00:37:25,040 PATIENTS. 953 00:37:25,040 --> 00:37:27,240 I SHOULD HAVE MENTIONED WHERE 954 00:37:27,240 --> 00:37:28,880 THESE PREVIOUS STUDIES WERE 955 00:37:28,880 --> 00:37:32,040 DONE, THIS ONE IS ONE OF OUR 956 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:34,600 ALCOHOL RESEARCH CENTERS 957 00:37:34,600 --> 00:37:36,560 DIRECTED BY CRAIG McCLAIN BUT 958 00:37:36,560 --> 00:37:43,120 THE STUDY WAS DONE, IT'S ON THE 959 00:37:43,120 --> 00:37:45,000 SLIDE, AND THAT'S HER NAME. 960 00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:47,840 I DIDN'T GET THAT WRONG 961 00:37:47,840 --> 00:37:48,480 ACTUALLY. 962 00:37:48,480 --> 00:37:49,160 WE KNOW ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION 963 00:37:49,160 --> 00:37:54,320 LEADS TO CHANGES IN GUT 964 00:37:54,320 --> 00:37:55,160 MICROBIOTICS COMPOSITION AND 965 00:37:55,160 --> 00:37:56,720 GROWTH, DYSBIOSIS, I CAN'T TELL 966 00:37:56,720 --> 00:37:59,960 YOU HOW MANY PAPERS I'VE 967 00:37:59,960 --> 00:38:00,880 PRESENTED AT COUNCIL 968 00:38:00,880 --> 00:38:02,080 ILLUSTRATING THAT YOUR GUT GETS 969 00:38:02,080 --> 00:38:04,800 REALLY OUT OF WHACK IF YOU DO A 970 00:38:04,800 --> 00:38:06,360 LOT OF ALCOHOL. 971 00:38:06,360 --> 00:38:12,840 AND THIS PARTICULAR STUDY THE 972 00:38:12,840 --> 00:38:15,000 PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS RANOSIS, 973 00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:15,680 LGG FROM HENCEFORTH, 974 00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:17,160 ADMINISTERED DAILY FOR SIX 975 00:38:17,160 --> 00:38:21,760 MONTHS IN PATIENTS WITH HEAVY 976 00:38:21,760 --> 00:38:23,200 DRINKING, MODERATE 977 00:38:23,200 --> 00:38:23,800 ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED HEPATITIS, 978 00:38:23,800 --> 00:38:25,720 REDUCED LIVER INJURY AT ONE 979 00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:27,360 MONTH AND SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED 980 00:38:27,360 --> 00:38:28,760 HEAVY DRINKING LEVELS AT SIX 981 00:38:28,760 --> 00:38:30,760 MONTHS, WHICH IS A PRETTY 982 00:38:30,760 --> 00:38:32,280 AMAZING FINDING. 983 00:38:32,280 --> 00:38:33,920 THIS PILOT IS ONGOING AS I SAID 984 00:38:33,920 --> 00:38:35,640 AND CONTINUES TO RECRUIT 985 00:38:35,640 --> 00:38:36,440 PATIENTS. 986 00:38:36,440 --> 00:38:41,360 SO THEY USED FOR LIVER DISEASE 987 00:38:41,360 --> 00:38:42,600 SEVERITY MODEL FOR END STAGE 988 00:38:42,600 --> 00:38:45,960 LIVER DESCRIES, MELD SCORE IN 989 00:38:45,960 --> 00:38:47,600 PATIENTS RECEIVING LGG, OR 990 00:38:47,600 --> 00:38:50,880 PLACEBO AT BASELINE. 991 00:38:50,880 --> 00:38:51,960 AT ONE MONTH. 992 00:38:51,960 --> 00:38:53,400 THEY EVALUATED AT ONE MONTH, THE 993 00:38:53,400 --> 00:38:54,920 MELD SCORE. 994 00:38:54,920 --> 00:38:56,560 THERE WAS DECREASE. 995 00:38:56,560 --> 00:38:58,200 IT'S NOT HUGE BUT DEFINITELY 996 00:38:58,200 --> 00:39:04,800 DECREASE IN THE MELD SCORE WITH 997 00:39:04,800 --> 00:39:04,960 LGG. 998 00:39:04,960 --> 00:39:06,240 AND THEN SIX MONTHS EVALUATION, 999 00:39:06,240 --> 00:39:09,760 DRINKS PER WEEK IN PATIENTS, 1000 00:39:09,760 --> 00:39:11,400 REALLY DECREASED EVEN MORE 1001 00:39:11,400 --> 00:39:13,000 DRAMATICALLY IN THE LGG GROUP. 1002 00:39:13,000 --> 00:39:14,320 THERE WAS A DECREASE IN THE 1003 00:39:14,320 --> 00:39:17,760 PLACEBO GROUP AS YOU CAN SEE 1004 00:39:17,760 --> 00:39:20,680 FROM THIS SLIDE. 1005 00:39:20,680 --> 00:39:29,680 THE PROBIOTICS WAS ACTUALLY -- 1006 00:39:29,680 --> 00:39:32,400 IT TOOK DEVIN TO FIND THIS IN 1007 00:39:32,400 --> 00:39:33,760 THE SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL. 1008 00:39:33,760 --> 00:39:36,200 I COULDN'T FIND IT IN THE PAPER, 1009 00:39:36,200 --> 00:39:41,000 BUT IT WAS TEN TO THE 9th CVU 1010 00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:44,200 UNITS, AND IN ONE CAPSULE, THOSE 1011 00:39:44,200 --> 00:39:45,160 ARE CALLED COLONY-FORMING UNITS. 1012 00:39:45,160 --> 00:39:50,200 I DIDN'T KNOW THIS ABOUT 1013 00:39:50,200 --> 00:39:51,000 PROBIOTICS. 1014 00:39:51,000 --> 00:39:52,040 I'VE ALWAYS BEEN ASKING CRAIG 1015 00:39:52,040 --> 00:39:56,040 McCLAIN TO TELL ME WHAT 1016 00:39:56,040 --> 00:39:57,000 PROBIOTIC I SHOULD TAKE, MAYBE 1017 00:39:57,000 --> 00:39:59,440 THERE'S A HINT IN THIS PAPER. 1018 00:39:59,440 --> 00:40:00,640 FINALLY, I WANT TO MENTION 1019 00:40:00,640 --> 00:40:01,720 SOMETHING WE'VE MENTIONED 1020 00:40:01,720 --> 00:40:01,960 BEFORE. 1021 00:40:01,960 --> 00:40:04,040 THIS IS A PAPER THAT KIND OF 1022 00:40:04,040 --> 00:40:06,360 CONFIRMS WHAT WE'VE BEEN PICKING 1023 00:40:06,360 --> 00:40:09,320 UP IN SMALL STUDIES. 1024 00:40:09,320 --> 00:40:11,360 AND THAT IS TELEHEALTH ADDICTION 1025 00:40:11,360 --> 00:40:13,040 TREATMENT UTILIZATION INCREASED 1026 00:40:13,040 --> 00:40:14,120 DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. 1027 00:40:14,120 --> 00:40:17,040 AND LOOKS LIKE IT'S LEER TO 1028 00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:17,240 STAY. 1029 00:40:17,240 --> 00:40:18,600 THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED IMPACT 1030 00:40:18,600 --> 00:40:20,560 OF COVID-19 TELEHEALTH POLICY 1031 00:40:20,560 --> 00:40:23,520 CHANGES ON ADDICTION TREATMENT 1032 00:40:23,520 --> 00:40:24,920 UTILIZATION AND POTENTIAL 1033 00:40:24,920 --> 00:40:27,120 DISPARITIES IN UTILIZATION. 1034 00:40:27,120 --> 00:40:28,760 THE INVESTIGATORS ANALYZED 1035 00:40:28,760 --> 00:40:29,960 ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS AND 1036 00:40:29,960 --> 00:40:35,440 CLAIMS DATA FROM ADULTS WITH 1037 00:40:35,440 --> 00:40:37,200 SUBSTANCE MISUSE AND KAISER 1038 00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:39,280 PERMANENTE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, 1039 00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:40,080 TELEHEALTH ADDICTION TREATMENT 1040 00:40:40,080 --> 00:40:40,920 UTILIZATION INCREASED DURING THE 1041 00:40:40,920 --> 00:40:44,320 EARLY PHASE OF THE PANDEMIC FOR 1042 00:40:44,320 --> 00:40:46,320 ALL SUBGROUPS WITHOUT ANY 1043 00:40:46,320 --> 00:40:50,560 VARIATION IN RACE/ETHNICITY OR 1044 00:40:50,560 --> 00:40:51,400 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, YOUNGER 1045 00:40:51,400 --> 00:40:53,720 ADULTS MAY HAVE BEEN FITTED MOST 1046 00:40:53,720 --> 00:40:56,800 FROM THE TRANSITION TO 1047 00:40:56,800 --> 00:40:59,200 TELEHEALTH. 1048 00:40:59,200 --> 00:41:00,600 IN THIS PARTICULAR STUDY, YOU 1049 00:41:00,600 --> 00:41:03,680 KNOW, THEY WERE LOOKING AT 1050 00:41:03,680 --> 00:41:05,640 BEFORE THE PANDEMIC WHICH WAS 1051 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:11,800 YOU CAN SEE HERE ON THE GRAPH 1052 00:41:11,800 --> 00:41:14,560 WAS 2019, MOSTLY 2019, AND 1053 00:41:14,560 --> 00:41:16,160 DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IS 1054 00:41:16,160 --> 00:41:21,600 WHERE THE DATA IS SHOWN HERE, 1055 00:41:21,600 --> 00:41:24,800 2020, 19,000 PATIENTS BEFORE THE 1056 00:41:24,800 --> 00:41:31,720 PANDEMIC AND 17,000 PATIENTS 1057 00:41:31,720 --> 00:41:32,200 POST-PANDEMIC. 1058 00:41:32,200 --> 00:41:36,440 AND THE ODDS RATIO, PERCENT OF 1059 00:41:36,440 --> 00:41:40,360 PATIENTS, WENT UP DURING COVID 1060 00:41:40,360 --> 00:41:47,520 ONSET FOR OVERALL ENGAGEMENT IN 1061 00:41:47,520 --> 00:41:49,560 INITIATING TELEHEALTH, BUT ALSO 1062 00:41:49,560 --> 00:41:51,000 IN TELEHEALTH ENGAGEMENT IT 1063 00:41:51,000 --> 00:41:52,640 SELF, A HUGE INCREASE AS YOU CAN 1064 00:41:52,640 --> 00:41:56,920 SEE IN THE RIGHT-HAND PART OF 1065 00:41:56,920 --> 00:41:57,600 THIS PANEL. 1066 00:41:57,600 --> 00:42:03,680 SO, THEY ARGUE THE OVERALL 1067 00:42:03,680 --> 00:42:04,440 INCREASES SEEN IN ENGAGEMENT IN 1068 00:42:04,440 --> 00:42:07,000 HEALTH CARE FOR ALCOHOL USE 1069 00:42:07,000 --> 00:42:08,960 DISORDER IS DUE TO TELEHEALTH, 1070 00:42:08,960 --> 00:42:11,040 AND THEY ALSO CONCLUDED THAT 1071 00:42:11,040 --> 00:42:12,680 YOUNGER PATIENTS, AS I SAID, 1072 00:42:12,680 --> 00:42:14,960 WERE MORE LIKELY TO INITIATE 1073 00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:16,520 TREATMENT AND MAYBE TELEHEALTH 1074 00:42:16,520 --> 00:42:18,800 WAS MORE ATTRACTIVE TO THE 1075 00:42:18,800 --> 00:42:21,760 YOUNGER PEOPLE, AND THEN THERE 1076 00:42:21,760 --> 00:42:23,320 WERE INCREASES IN TELEHEALTH MAY 1077 00:42:23,320 --> 00:42:25,720 HAVE MITIGATED SOME POTENTIAL 1078 00:42:25,720 --> 00:42:27,800 DISPARITIES BY RACE AND 1079 00:42:27,800 --> 00:42:28,080 ETHNICITY. 1080 00:42:28,080 --> 00:42:29,440 NOW, MIND YOU, I SAY MAY 1081 00:42:29,440 --> 00:42:33,040 MITIGATE IT BUT THERE'S A HINT 1082 00:42:33,040 --> 00:42:36,240 THERE WHY NO DISPARITIES IN 1083 00:42:36,240 --> 00:42:36,480 UPTAKE. 1084 00:42:36,480 --> 00:42:38,760 I THOUGHT THIS WAS A COOL STUDY 1085 00:42:38,760 --> 00:42:40,000 AS WELL. 1086 00:42:40,000 --> 00:42:42,960 THAT'S MY HUMAN FOCUS TODAY. 1087 00:42:42,960 --> 00:42:45,240 IT'S MOSTLY TRANSLATIONAL, TO 1088 00:42:45,240 --> 00:42:47,880 THINGS THAT WE -- WHERE YOU CAN 1089 00:42:47,880 --> 00:42:49,320 SEE RESEARCH IS HAVING AN IMPACT 1090 00:42:49,320 --> 00:42:54,360 ON THE REAL WORLD, I HOPE. 1091 00:42:54,360 --> 00:42:55,560 AND I'VE TAKEN ON, STARTED 1092 00:42:55,560 --> 00:42:57,200 DURING THE PANDEMIC, BUT I 1093 00:42:57,200 --> 00:43:00,360 REALLY THINK IN ADDITION TO OUR 1094 00:43:00,360 --> 00:43:04,080 FOCUS ON DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND 1095 00:43:04,080 --> 00:43:05,280 INCLUSION, AT THE INSTITUTE, I 1096 00:43:05,280 --> 00:43:06,520 THINK YOU'LL SEE ANOTHER FOCUS 1097 00:43:06,520 --> 00:43:08,800 I'VE BEEN DRIVING FROM MY 1098 00:43:08,800 --> 00:43:10,080 PERSPECTIVE AND OUR STAFF HAS 1099 00:43:10,080 --> 00:43:11,640 BEEN HELPING WITH, HOW DO WE GET 1100 00:43:11,640 --> 00:43:13,080 WHAT WE DO IN RESEARCH OUT TO 1101 00:43:13,080 --> 00:43:14,400 THE PUBLIC. 1102 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:17,600 SO THAT'S MY MINI SPEECH TODAY. 1103 00:43:17,600 --> 00:43:20,080 YOU KNOW, I'M REALLY OBSESSED 1104 00:43:20,080 --> 00:43:21,960 WITH SCALING UP SOME OF THE 1105 00:43:21,960 --> 00:43:24,800 THINGS WHERE WE DO SEE 1106 00:43:24,800 --> 00:43:25,760 SUCCESSES, EVEN TINY STUDIES, 1107 00:43:25,760 --> 00:43:27,440 MIND YOU WE'RE NOT GOING TO BE 1108 00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:30,720 SCALING UP THIS PROBIOTIC YET OR 1109 00:43:30,720 --> 00:43:33,040 TMS YET BUT THE POTENTIAL IS 1110 00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:33,240 THERE. 1111 00:43:33,240 --> 00:43:35,000 SO THINK ABOUT THOSE KIND OF 1112 00:43:35,000 --> 00:43:35,320 ISSUES. 1113 00:43:35,320 --> 00:43:41,440 I THINK I CAN GO BACK. 1114 00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:43,960 I WANT TO END BY JUST REMINDING 1115 00:43:43,960 --> 00:43:45,280 YOU, BECAUSE MOST OF YOU COUNCIL 1116 00:43:45,280 --> 00:43:46,600 MEMBERS ARE WELL AWARE, MOST OF 1117 00:43:46,600 --> 00:43:48,800 THE STAFF WHO ARE LISTENING ARE 1118 00:43:48,800 --> 00:43:51,080 WELL AWARE BUT I USE THIS FOR 1119 00:43:51,080 --> 00:43:52,280 EVERY PRESS INTERVIEW. 1120 00:43:52,280 --> 00:43:54,480 I MENTION AS MANY OF THESE 1121 00:43:54,480 --> 00:43:56,520 RESOURCES, USUALLY ALL OF THEM, 1122 00:43:56,520 --> 00:43:57,400 IN VIRTUALLY EVERY PRESS 1123 00:43:57,400 --> 00:43:58,720 INTERVIEW I DO. 1124 00:43:58,720 --> 00:44:01,360 SO WE HAVE RETHINKING DRINKING, 1125 00:44:01,360 --> 00:44:03,080 A WEBSITE AND PRINT PUBLICATION 1126 00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:04,960 FOR GENERAL AUDIENCE TO HELP 1127 00:44:04,960 --> 00:44:05,440 INDIVIDUALS ASSESS THEIR 1128 00:44:05,440 --> 00:44:07,040 DRINKING HABITS AND FIND WAYS TO 1129 00:44:07,040 --> 00:44:09,880 MAKE A CHANGE. 1130 00:44:09,880 --> 00:44:11,720 WE HAVE COLLEGE-AIM, INFORMATION 1131 00:44:11,720 --> 00:44:13,040 ON PREVENTION APPROACHES FOUND 1132 00:44:13,040 --> 00:44:14,840 TO BE EFFECTIVE IN COLLEGE 1133 00:44:14,840 --> 00:44:15,640 ENVIRONMENTS. 1134 00:44:15,640 --> 00:44:18,000 IT WAS FAIRLY RECENTLY UPDATED. 1135 00:44:18,000 --> 00:44:20,520 WE HAVE THE ALCOHOL TREATMENT 1136 00:44:20,520 --> 00:44:21,880 NAVIGATOR HELPS INDIVIDUALS 1137 00:44:21,880 --> 00:44:23,760 UNDERSTAND TREATMENT OPTIONS, 1138 00:44:23,760 --> 00:44:26,200 AND SEARCH FOR NEARBY TREATMENT, 1139 00:44:26,200 --> 00:44:27,440 INCLUDING TELEHEALTH SERVICES, 1140 00:44:27,440 --> 00:44:29,480 INCLUDES PORTAL TO ASSIST HEALTH 1141 00:44:29,480 --> 00:44:30,480 CARE PROVIDERS MAKING REFERRALS 1142 00:44:30,480 --> 00:44:32,240 FOR THEIR PATIENTS, ALSO TELLS 1143 00:44:32,240 --> 00:44:35,320 YOU WHAT IS AN AUD AND WHAT IS A 1144 00:44:35,320 --> 00:44:38,320 SPECTRUM OF AUD AND SPECTRUM OF 1145 00:44:38,320 --> 00:44:40,440 AUD TREATMENTS. 1146 00:44:40,440 --> 00:44:44,480 THIS IS CRITICALALLY IMPORTANT. 1147 00:44:44,480 --> 00:44:45,760 FINALLY, THE HEALTHCARE 1148 00:44:45,760 --> 00:44:46,560 PROFESSIONAL CORE RESOURCE, WHAT 1149 00:44:46,560 --> 00:44:50,280 WE SAY IS WHAT EVERY HEALTHCARE 1150 00:44:50,280 --> 00:44:51,840 PROFESSIONAL SHOULD KNOW ABOUT 1151 00:44:51,840 --> 00:44:53,760 ALCOHOL, DESIGNED TO LEEP 1152 00:44:53,760 --> 00:44:56,840 ADDRESS COMMON BARRIERS TO OPT 1153 00:44:56,840 --> 00:44:58,600 MINIMUM HEALTH-RELATED HEALTH 1154 00:44:58,600 --> 00:45:01,320 CARE BY PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE TO 1155 00:45:01,320 --> 00:45:08,000 FILL GAPS IN ADDICTION INCLUDING 1156 00:45:08,000 --> 00:45:08,760 NEUROSCIENCE, EVIDENCE-BASED AUD 1157 00:45:08,760 --> 00:45:10,640 THERAPY AND MEDICATIONS AND 1158 00:45:10,640 --> 00:45:13,120 VARIED PATHS TO RECOVERY, 1159 00:45:13,120 --> 00:45:17,040 PROVIDES QUICK SCREENING TOOLS 1160 00:45:17,040 --> 00:45:19,000 TO ADDRESS TIME CONSTRAINTS 1161 00:45:19,000 --> 00:45:21,080 PROVIDING A PICTURE OF LEVELS AN 1162 00:45:21,080 --> 00:45:22,720 SYMPTOMS, CLARITY ABOUT WHAT 1163 00:45:22,720 --> 00:45:23,960 CONSTITUTES HEAVY DRINKING 1164 00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:25,240 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER SEVERITY 1165 00:45:25,240 --> 00:45:29,640 LEVELS AND RECOVERY TO BUILD 1166 00:45:29,640 --> 00:45:31,040 CONFIDENCE AND COLLABORATE ON 1167 00:45:31,040 --> 00:45:35,200 RECOVERY PLANS, PROVIDES STEPS 1168 00:45:35,200 --> 00:45:37,360 TO REDUCE STIGMA AND ENCOURAGE 1169 00:45:37,360 --> 00:45:38,720 GREATER PATIENT ACCEPTANCE FOR 1170 00:45:38,720 --> 00:45:41,200 ALCOHOL TREATMENT WHEN NEEDED. 1171 00:45:41,200 --> 00:45:43,200 IT'S NOT JUST FOR YOUR PRIMARY 1172 00:45:43,200 --> 00:45:44,080 CARE DOC. 1173 00:45:44,080 --> 00:45:48,120 IT COULD BE FOR ANYBODY IN THE 1174 00:45:48,120 --> 00:45:50,400 SPECTRUM, FROM, YOU KNOW, 1175 00:45:50,400 --> 00:45:52,040 NURSES, NURSE PRACTITIONERS, 1176 00:45:52,040 --> 00:45:53,360 PHARMACISTS, ALL THE WAY TO 1177 00:45:53,360 --> 00:45:56,080 BOARD CERTIFIED ADDICTION 1178 00:45:56,080 --> 00:45:56,800 MEDICINE SPECIALISTS, CLINICAL 1179 00:45:56,800 --> 00:45:58,960 PSYCHOLOGISTS IN BETWEEN BUT 1180 00:45:58,960 --> 00:46:01,840 COULD ALSO BE UTILIZED FOR 1181 00:46:01,840 --> 00:46:05,280 ANYTHING YOU DO IN THE ALCOHOL 1182 00:46:05,280 --> 00:46:08,040 FIELD TO INFORM EVEN STUDENTS 1183 00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:12,080 AND, YOU KNOW, GRADUATE STUDENTS 1184 00:46:12,080 --> 00:46:12,920 AND POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS, WHAT 1185 00:46:12,920 --> 00:46:14,800 DO WE KNOW ABOUT ALCOHOL AND WHY 1186 00:46:14,800 --> 00:46:16,160 ARE WE DOING SOME THINGS WE'RE 1187 00:46:16,160 --> 00:46:17,760 DOING. 1188 00:46:17,760 --> 00:46:18,640 IT'S IN THE HEALTHCARE 1189 00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:19,440 PROFESSIONAL CORE RESOURCE. 1190 00:46:19,440 --> 00:46:22,720 I WANT TO GET TO MY THANK YOU 1191 00:46:22,720 --> 00:46:23,840 SLIDE. 1192 00:46:23,840 --> 00:46:28,160 I WANT TO THANK LAURA, DEVIN, 1193 00:46:28,160 --> 00:46:29,440 FOR PUTTING THESE SLIDES 1194 00:46:29,440 --> 00:46:31,320 TOGETHER, AND EVERYBODY WHO 1195 00:46:31,320 --> 00:46:34,080 HELPED WITH IT, PATRICIA POWELL, 1196 00:46:34,080 --> 00:46:38,680 TRISH POWELL, GREG ROA, AARON 1197 00:46:38,680 --> 00:46:41,600 WHITE, BRIDGET WILLIAMS-SIMMONS. 1198 00:46:41,600 --> 00:46:43,720 YOU MAY NOT REALIZE HOW MUCH 1199 00:46:43,720 --> 00:46:44,440 SCRUTINY THEY GET. 1200 00:46:44,440 --> 00:46:47,560 YOU WOULD BE SURPRISED THE 1201 00:46:47,560 --> 00:46:51,000 ERRORS WE FIND AND THE LITTLE 1202 00:46:51,000 --> 00:46:52,760 HOLES IN THE ARGUMENTS IN THE 1203 00:46:52,760 --> 00:46:55,280 PROCESS, AND WE HAVE TO REJECT A 1204 00:46:55,280 --> 00:46:56,920 FEW PAPERS EVERY ONCE IN A WHILE 1205 00:46:56,920 --> 00:47:00,200 BECAUSE THEY DIDN'T TELL US IN 1206 00:47:00,200 --> 00:47:01,520 THE ABSTRACT WHAT THEY REALLY 1207 00:47:01,520 --> 00:47:03,040 FOUND, AND THAT'S WHY I 1208 00:47:03,040 --> 00:47:04,600 MENTIONED THE SEX DIFFERENCES IN 1209 00:47:04,600 --> 00:47:05,680 THAT ONE PAPER BECAUSE IT WAS 1210 00:47:05,680 --> 00:47:07,960 KIND OF GLOSSED OVER. 1211 00:47:07,960 --> 00:47:09,640 WHEN YOU FINALLY READ IT YOU SEE 1212 00:47:09,640 --> 00:47:11,280 THE SEX DIFFERENCES. 1213 00:47:11,280 --> 00:47:12,560 IT'S A GOOD EXERCISE. 1214 00:47:12,560 --> 00:47:14,640 I'M TRYING TO FIGHT OFF 1215 00:47:14,640 --> 00:47:16,840 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, SO IT HELPS 1216 00:47:16,840 --> 00:47:18,600 ME KEEP MY COGNITIVE ABILITIES 1217 00:47:18,600 --> 00:47:19,240 STRAIGHT. 1218 00:47:19,240 --> 00:47:20,680 I'M NOT FIGHTING OFF ALZHEIMER'S 1219 00:47:20,680 --> 00:47:22,960 DISEASE, THAT WAS A JOKE, ALL 1220 00:47:22,960 --> 00:47:23,440 RIGHT? 1221 00:47:23,440 --> 00:47:26,600 I SHOULDN'T JOKE ABOUT IT, WHEN 1222 00:47:26,600 --> 00:47:29,200 YOU GET TO A CERTAIN AGE YOU 1223 00:47:29,200 --> 00:47:31,400 SHOULDN'T JOKE ABOUT STUFF LIKE 1224 00:47:31,400 --> 00:47:33,040 THAT, SPECIALLY NOW THAT THEY 1225 00:47:33,040 --> 00:47:36,560 ARE SCRUTINIZING OUR POLITICIANS 1226 00:47:36,560 --> 00:47:39,040 FOR THEIR -- EVERY TIME THEY 1227 00:47:39,040 --> 00:47:42,280 HAVE, YOU KNOW, A GAP IN THEIR 1228 00:47:42,280 --> 00:47:45,800 TAPE. 1229 00:47:45,800 --> 00:47:47,640 I FEEL SORRY FOR THEM. 1230 00:47:47,640 --> 00:47:48,640 OCCASIONALLY WHEN I'M TALKING I 1231 00:47:48,640 --> 00:47:51,920 HAVE A GAP IN MY TAPE BUT HAS 1232 00:47:51,920 --> 00:47:53,440 NOTHING TO DO WITH MY BRAIN THAT 1233 00:47:53,440 --> 00:47:54,400 I KNOW OF. 1234 00:47:54,400 --> 00:47:57,800 IT'S JUST I FORGET HOW TO 1235 00:47:57,800 --> 00:47:59,680 PRONOUNCE SOMEBODY'S NAME. 1236 00:47:59,680 --> 00:48:01,000 ALL RIGHT. 1237 00:48:01,000 --> 00:48:02,400 ANY QUESTIONS FROM ANYBODY WHILE 1238 00:48:02,400 --> 00:48:06,000 I'M UP HERE? 1239 00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:07,080 ANY COMMENTS? 1240 00:48:07,080 --> 00:48:07,280 LAURA? 1241 00:48:07,280 --> 00:48:10,280 >> I REALLY LIKE YOUR THOUGHTS 1242 00:48:10,280 --> 00:48:11,760 AND COMMENTS ABOUT REACHING OUT 1243 00:48:11,760 --> 00:48:12,600 TO THE PUBLIC. 1244 00:48:12,600 --> 00:48:14,760 AND I'VE HEARD YOU COMMENT ON 1245 00:48:14,760 --> 00:48:17,760 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND HOW LITTLE 1246 00:48:17,760 --> 00:48:18,920 MEDICAL EDUCATION THERE IS FOR 1247 00:48:18,920 --> 00:48:20,920 ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE. 1248 00:48:20,920 --> 00:48:26,160 I WONDER IF WE'VE MOVED THE 1249 00:48:26,160 --> 00:48:29,120 NEEDLE, WHAT ARE YOUR THOUGHTS 1250 00:48:29,120 --> 00:48:29,360 ON THAT. 1251 00:48:29,360 --> 00:48:34,480 >> WE MOVED THE NEEDLE IN THE 1252 00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:42,920 SENSE THE PROGRAM DONE BY ACAM, 1253 00:48:42,920 --> 00:48:46,000 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ADDICTION 1254 00:48:46,000 --> 00:48:48,080 MEDICINE, AND I FORGET, THERE'S 1255 00:48:48,080 --> 00:48:54,120 ONE LETTER I LEFT OUT, AND THEY 1256 00:48:54,120 --> 00:48:58,560 ARE -- THEY HAVE A FELLOWSHIP 1257 00:48:58,560 --> 00:49:01,240 PROGRAM NOW FOR -- WHAT'S IT 1258 00:49:01,240 --> 00:49:03,160 CALLED, DAVID, WHEN YOU GET -- 1259 00:49:03,160 --> 00:49:04,520 IT'S NOT CERTIFICATION. 1260 00:49:04,520 --> 00:49:12,360 WHAT'S IT CALLED WHEN YOU GET A 1261 00:49:12,360 --> 00:49:12,480 -- 1262 00:49:12,480 --> 00:49:16,720 >> IT'S A CREDENTIALED TRAINING, 1263 00:49:16,720 --> 00:49:17,160 ACCREDITED TRAINING. 1264 00:49:17,160 --> 00:49:19,040 >> YEAH, AS A SPECIALTY IN 1265 00:49:19,040 --> 00:49:19,480 ADDICTION MEDICINE. 1266 00:49:19,480 --> 00:49:21,800 THERE'S A WORD FOR IT WHEN YOU 1267 00:49:21,800 --> 00:49:22,560 GET -- 1268 00:49:22,560 --> 00:49:25,200 >> YEAH, SO ADDICTION MEDICINE 1269 00:49:25,200 --> 00:49:26,960 BOARDS, AND WE ACTUALLY HAVE TWO 1270 00:49:26,960 --> 00:49:31,440 PHYSICIANS WHO HAVE BEEN THROUGH 1271 00:49:31,440 --> 00:49:32,440 BOARDS INTRAMURALLY. 1272 00:49:32,440 --> 00:49:34,360 >> YOU GET BOARD -- YOU DON'T 1273 00:49:34,360 --> 00:49:34,960 CALL IT CERTIFIED. 1274 00:49:34,960 --> 00:49:37,280 >> IT IS BOARD CERTIFIED IN 1275 00:49:37,280 --> 00:49:37,720 ADDICTION MEDICINE. 1276 00:49:37,720 --> 00:49:40,640 >> THAT IS THE WORD, ALL RIGHT. 1277 00:49:40,640 --> 00:49:40,880 >> YES. 1278 00:49:40,880 --> 00:49:43,200 >> IT'S TAKEN OFF, LAURA. 1279 00:49:43,200 --> 00:49:44,440 SPECTACULARLY SUCCESSFUL. 1280 00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:47,000 THEY HAVE NOW GOT THIS BOARD 1281 00:49:47,000 --> 00:49:49,840 CERTIFICATION IN ALL STATES IN 1282 00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:52,320 THE UNION, AND IT'S JUST -- IT 1283 00:49:52,320 --> 00:49:55,200 WAS STARTED BY KEVIN KUNZ WHEN 1284 00:49:55,200 --> 00:49:58,280 HE WAS RUNNING IT, THEY 1285 00:49:58,280 --> 00:49:58,800 CONTINUED. 1286 00:49:58,800 --> 00:49:59,600 I PARTICIPATED, NORA 1287 00:49:59,600 --> 00:50:01,680 PARTICIPATES IN THE GRADUATION 1288 00:50:01,680 --> 00:50:05,600 CEREMONY, A LITTLE SPEECH EVERY 1289 00:50:05,600 --> 00:50:05,920 YEAR. 1290 00:50:05,920 --> 00:50:07,920 AND, YOU KNOW, SO THAT'S THE 1291 00:50:07,920 --> 00:50:09,120 GOOD NEWS. 1292 00:50:09,120 --> 00:50:12,600 THE BAD NEWS I'M NOT SURE THAT 1293 00:50:12,600 --> 00:50:16,880 WE'RE MAKING MUCH IMPACT IN 1294 00:50:16,880 --> 00:50:21,240 MEDICAL SCHOOLS YET, AND OTHER 1295 00:50:21,240 --> 00:50:23,640 FORMS OF TRAINING. 1296 00:50:23,640 --> 00:50:24,640 HOPEFULLY THE BOARD CERTIFIED 1297 00:50:24,640 --> 00:50:25,640 ADDICTION MEDICINE SPECIALISTS 1298 00:50:25,640 --> 00:50:28,480 WILL BE ABLE TO TRAIN RESIDENTS 1299 00:50:28,480 --> 00:50:30,120 AND DAVID GOLDMAN YOU MAY WANT 1300 00:50:30,120 --> 00:50:33,640 TO SPEAK THAT THAT, ASSUMING YOU 1301 00:50:33,640 --> 00:50:35,360 DO THAT IN THE CLINICAL CENTER, 1302 00:50:35,360 --> 00:50:38,680 MAYBE SAY A WORD OR TWO WHEN I 1303 00:50:38,680 --> 00:50:39,960 SHUT UP HERE. 1304 00:50:39,960 --> 00:50:42,720 WE STILL NEED TO GET SOME 1305 00:50:42,720 --> 00:50:44,480 EFFORTS INTO TRYING TO GET IT 1306 00:50:44,480 --> 00:50:46,200 INTO MEDICAL SCHOOL CURRICULUM. 1307 00:50:46,200 --> 00:50:50,400 YOU KNOW WE HAVE THIS CATCH 22. 1308 00:50:50,400 --> 00:50:56,840 SO, THE PEOPLE THAT WRITE THE 1309 00:50:56,840 --> 00:50:57,840 EXAMS FOR THE MEDICAL SCHOOL 1310 00:50:57,840 --> 00:50:59,240 CLAIM IT'S NOT IN THE 1311 00:50:59,240 --> 00:51:02,560 CURRICULUM, AND PEOPLE THAT 1312 00:51:02,560 --> 00:51:03,640 WRITE THE CURRICULUM SAY IT'S 1313 00:51:03,640 --> 00:51:05,280 NOT IN THE EXAMS. 1314 00:51:05,280 --> 00:51:07,480 BUT IT ALSO SHOULD BE IN 1315 00:51:07,480 --> 00:51:08,680 CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAMS, 1316 00:51:08,680 --> 00:51:10,200 FROM MY PERSPECTIVE. 1317 00:51:10,200 --> 00:51:12,360 SO, IT'S SOMETHING THAT'S ON MY 1318 00:51:12,360 --> 00:51:13,880 PRIORITY LIST FOR THIS YEAR TO 1319 00:51:13,880 --> 00:51:14,560 FOLLOW THROUGH. 1320 00:51:14,560 --> 00:51:15,960 WE'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT IT AT 1321 00:51:15,960 --> 00:51:17,960 THE INSTITUTE, WHAT WE CAN DO. 1322 00:51:17,960 --> 00:51:20,240 I THINK WE CAN USE ELEMENTS OF 1323 00:51:20,240 --> 00:51:21,920 THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL 1324 00:51:21,920 --> 00:51:22,920 CORE RESOURCES LAUNCHING POINT. 1325 00:51:22,920 --> 00:51:24,800 BUT WE'VE GOT TO FIND A WAY TO 1326 00:51:24,800 --> 00:51:26,960 WEDGE IT INTO SOME OF THESE 1327 00:51:26,960 --> 00:51:27,280 PROGRAMS. 1328 00:51:27,280 --> 00:51:36,320 SOME SCHOOLS ARE ENLIGHTENED. 1329 00:51:36,320 --> 00:51:39,880 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA HAS 1330 00:51:39,880 --> 00:51:42,520 BEEN TEACHING FOR YEARS BECAUSE 1331 00:51:42,520 --> 00:51:44,440 CHUCK O'BRIEN PUT IT THERE, FOR 1332 00:51:44,440 --> 00:51:47,640 OTHERS IT'S NOT A HIGH PRIORITY 1333 00:51:47,640 --> 00:51:47,960 AREA. 1334 00:51:47,960 --> 00:51:48,360 GO AHEAD. 1335 00:51:48,360 --> 00:51:50,480 >> NIAAA HAS MADE A DENT WHEN IT 1336 00:51:50,480 --> 00:51:51,800 COMES TO SOME D.E.I. 1337 00:51:51,800 --> 00:51:52,120 INITIATIVES. 1338 00:51:52,120 --> 00:51:54,240 I'M CURIOUS WHAT KIND OF METRICS 1339 00:51:54,240 --> 00:51:58,800 HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO KIND OF 1340 00:51:58,800 --> 00:51:59,280 ASSESS PROGRESS. 1341 00:51:59,280 --> 00:52:03,120 >> SO, MY -- I DON'T HAVE ANY 1342 00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:05,640 METRICS ON DIRECT PROGRESS. 1343 00:52:05,640 --> 00:52:07,240 I JUST NOTICED AT A COUPLE 1344 00:52:07,240 --> 00:52:09,480 MEETINGS THAT I'VE BEEN GOING TO 1345 00:52:09,480 --> 00:52:11,440 THAT THE YOUNGER PEOPLE ARE MUCH 1346 00:52:11,440 --> 00:52:13,480 MORE DIVERSE THAN PREVIOUSLY. 1347 00:52:13,480 --> 00:52:16,000 AND WE'VE BEEN SUPPORTING A LOT 1348 00:52:16,000 --> 00:52:17,200 OF THESE INDIVIDUALS. 1349 00:52:17,200 --> 00:52:18,960 AND THEY ARE REALLY GETTING, I 1350 00:52:18,960 --> 00:52:20,080 DON'T KNOW, MICHAEL, LOUIS, YOU 1351 00:52:20,080 --> 00:52:25,080 GO TO THE SAME MEETINGS, AND 1352 00:52:25,080 --> 00:52:27,400 LAURA, I NOTICED UPTICK IN YOUNG 1353 00:52:27,400 --> 00:52:30,200 PEOPLE FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS. 1354 00:52:30,200 --> 00:52:31,880 AND SO I THINK THERE'S SOME 1355 00:52:31,880 --> 00:52:33,840 POSITIVITY GOING ON THERE. 1356 00:52:33,840 --> 00:52:35,280 AND NOT JUST ATTENDING THE 1357 00:52:35,280 --> 00:52:36,800 MEETINGS, YOU KNOW, AND NOT 1358 00:52:36,800 --> 00:52:39,560 BEING INTERESTED, THESE ARE KIDS 1359 00:52:39,560 --> 00:52:40,520 THAT ARE REALLY CLEARLY 1360 00:52:40,520 --> 00:52:42,400 INTERESTED AND COME UP TO YOU 1361 00:52:42,400 --> 00:52:45,240 AND WANT TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT 1362 00:52:45,240 --> 00:52:45,680 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES. 1363 00:52:45,680 --> 00:52:47,640 SO THAT'S WHAT I PICK UP ON. 1364 00:52:47,640 --> 00:52:49,000 AS FAR AS METRICS, WE'RE GOING 1365 00:52:49,000 --> 00:52:49,840 TO GET THOSE METRICS. 1366 00:52:49,840 --> 00:52:51,840 THAT'S WHAT DAWN IS GOING TO BE 1367 00:52:51,840 --> 00:52:53,120 WORKING ON. 1368 00:52:53,120 --> 00:52:55,640 YOU KNOW, WE HAVE REGULAR 1369 00:52:55,640 --> 00:52:56,480 SURVEYS EVERY YEAR. 1370 00:52:56,480 --> 00:52:57,520 AND SO HOPEFULLY WE'LL BE ABLE 1371 00:52:57,520 --> 00:52:59,360 TO GET SOME OF THAT INFORMATION. 1372 00:52:59,360 --> 00:53:03,280 I MEAN, BEING A SMALL INSTITUTE, 1373 00:53:03,280 --> 00:53:04,400 SOMETIMES THE METRICS ARE, YOU 1374 00:53:04,400 --> 00:53:09,000 KNOW, IN NUMBERS ARE NOT 1375 00:53:09,000 --> 00:53:11,040 SUFFICIENT TO REALLY MAKE MUCH 1376 00:53:11,040 --> 00:53:13,400 OUT OF STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE. 1377 00:53:13,400 --> 00:53:15,480 KEEP ASKING THAT QUESTION. 1378 00:53:15,480 --> 00:53:16,760 IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT. 1379 00:53:16,760 --> 00:53:22,000 JUST SO YOU KNOW, GARY GIBBONS, 1380 00:53:22,000 --> 00:53:23,120 DIRECTOR OF HEART AND LUNG, 1381 00:53:23,120 --> 00:53:25,080 ASKED THE SAME QUESTION AT THE 1382 00:53:25,080 --> 00:53:26,600 INSTITUTE DIRECTOR'S MEETING 1383 00:53:26,600 --> 00:53:27,040 THIS MORNING. 1384 00:53:27,040 --> 00:53:29,120 COULD HE HAVE SOME HARD CORE 1385 00:53:29,120 --> 00:53:34,360 NUMBERS FOR HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE, 1386 00:53:34,360 --> 00:53:38,640 YOU KNOW, ASKED, YOU KNOW, 1387 00:53:38,640 --> 00:53:41,280 CONTACTING CYBILL FOR PROBLEMS 1388 00:53:41,280 --> 00:53:42,840 ASSOCIATED WITH INEQUITIES. 1389 00:53:42,840 --> 00:53:44,600 IT IS AN NIH-WIDE EFFORT GOING 1390 00:53:44,600 --> 00:53:48,720 ON, AND WE'RE GOING TO DO OUR 1391 00:53:48,720 --> 00:53:49,040 PART. 1392 00:53:49,040 --> 00:53:49,240 KATIE? 1393 00:53:49,240 --> 00:53:51,480 >> I WANTED TO GO BACK TO THE 1394 00:53:51,480 --> 00:53:53,240 RESOURCES AND THANK NIAAA FOR 1395 00:53:53,240 --> 00:53:54,960 PUTTING THEM TOGETHER. 1396 00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:56,280 ESPECIALLY WE JUST USED THE 1397 00:53:56,280 --> 00:53:57,920 COLLEGE AIM AT UNIVERSITY OF NEW 1398 00:53:57,920 --> 00:53:59,480 MEXICO TO EVALUATE OUR COLLEGE 1399 00:53:59,480 --> 00:54:01,360 LEVEL SUBSTANCE USE PREVENTION 1400 00:54:01,360 --> 00:54:02,160 PROGRAMMING. 1401 00:54:02,160 --> 00:54:03,320 THANK YOU, MARY, FOR THAT 1402 00:54:03,320 --> 00:54:03,560 RESOURCE. 1403 00:54:03,560 --> 00:54:06,360 EVERY TIME I TALK TO A REPORTER 1404 00:54:06,360 --> 00:54:08,000 I MENTION AT LEAST ONE OF THE 1405 00:54:08,000 --> 00:54:08,360 RESOURCES. 1406 00:54:08,360 --> 00:54:10,760 WE ALL CAN BE DOING THAT. 1407 00:54:10,760 --> 00:54:12,800 ONE THING WHEN YOU TALK TO A 1408 00:54:12,800 --> 00:54:16,120 REPORTER ABOUT, DAVID, YOUR 1409 00:54:16,120 --> 00:54:17,280 RESEARCH, COULD YOU MENTION 1410 00:54:17,280 --> 00:54:18,360 HEALTH CARE RESEARCH. 1411 00:54:18,360 --> 00:54:20,240 YOU'RE TIPALLY NOT A HUMAN 1412 00:54:20,240 --> 00:54:21,800 RESEARCHER BUT MAYBE COULD STILL 1413 00:54:21,800 --> 00:54:23,680 TALK ABOUT IT. 1414 00:54:23,680 --> 00:54:24,880 I'M CURIOUS IF NIAAA IS 1415 00:54:24,880 --> 00:54:27,720 COLLECTING DATA ON THE USAGE OF 1416 00:54:27,720 --> 00:54:30,120 THESE DIFFERENT TOOLS AND 1417 00:54:30,120 --> 00:54:31,440 WHETHER THAT COULD IDENTIFY 1418 00:54:31,440 --> 00:54:34,080 PLACES WHERE IT'S BEING USED 1419 00:54:34,080 --> 00:54:36,160 SUCCESSFULLY AND MAYBE LEARN 1420 00:54:36,160 --> 00:54:42,640 FROM THOSE PLACES OF KIND OF HOW 1421 00:54:42,640 --> 00:54:45,080 IT'S GETTING USED. 1422 00:54:45,080 --> 00:54:47,720 >> BRIDGET, YOU CHART SOME OF 1423 00:54:47,720 --> 00:54:47,920 THIS. 1424 00:54:47,920 --> 00:54:49,280 >> RIGHT. 1425 00:54:49,280 --> 00:54:50,640 SO WE'RE LIMITED IN THE AMOUNT 1426 00:54:50,640 --> 00:54:52,640 OF DATA THAT WE CAN COLLECT, FOR 1427 00:54:52,640 --> 00:54:55,080 EXAMPLE, WE CAN EASILY LOOK AT 1428 00:54:55,080 --> 00:54:56,720 THINGS LIKE WEBSITE METRICS, AS 1429 00:54:56,720 --> 00:54:58,680 FAR AS LIKE WHAT PAGES PEOPLE 1430 00:54:58,680 --> 00:54:59,800 ARE VISITING, WHAT DOWNLOADS 1431 00:54:59,800 --> 00:55:00,480 THEY ARE DOING. 1432 00:55:00,480 --> 00:55:02,520 SO WE CAN LOOK AT THOSE KINDS OF 1433 00:55:02,520 --> 00:55:05,400 DATA BUT WE AREN'T ABLE TO DO 1434 00:55:05,400 --> 00:55:07,600 ANYTHING LIKE LARGE SURVEYS TO 1435 00:55:07,600 --> 00:55:08,480 GET MORE MAYBE QUALITATIVE DATA 1436 00:55:08,480 --> 00:55:10,320 ON HOW PEOPLE ARE USING IT. 1437 00:55:10,320 --> 00:55:12,720 SO WE CAN GET SOME LIMITED DATA 1438 00:55:12,720 --> 00:55:14,400 BUT I THINK SOME OF THE THINGS 1439 00:55:14,400 --> 00:55:15,800 THAT ARE PROBABLY MORE OF 1440 00:55:15,800 --> 00:55:17,200 INTEREST LIKE WHAT YOU'RE ASKING 1441 00:55:17,200 --> 00:55:19,520 ABOUT, WE'RE SORT OF LIMITED IN 1442 00:55:19,520 --> 00:55:25,240 COLLECTING THAT KIND OF DATA. 1443 00:55:25,240 --> 00:55:25,840 >> OKAY. 1444 00:55:25,840 --> 00:55:28,080 SO ONE MORE AND WE'RE GOING TO 1445 00:55:28,080 --> 00:55:29,480 BREAK FOR LUNCH. 1446 00:55:29,480 --> 00:55:33,280 >> I WILL AGREE THAT THE -- WE 1447 00:55:33,280 --> 00:55:34,520 NEED THE METRICS BUT I AGREE 1448 00:55:34,520 --> 00:55:35,800 WE'RE MAKING PROGRESS IN THIS 1449 00:55:35,800 --> 00:55:37,480 AREA, SO IF WE CAN GET THE 1450 00:55:37,480 --> 00:55:40,320 METRICS AND GET THE WORD OUT, 1451 00:55:40,320 --> 00:55:41,200 THE BETTER. 1452 00:55:41,200 --> 00:55:42,280 >> ARE YOU PICKING UP THE SAME 1453 00:55:42,280 --> 00:55:44,800 THING I AM, THAT YOUNGER PEOPLE 1454 00:55:44,800 --> 00:55:46,760 ARE SEEMING MUCH MORE INTERESTED 1455 00:55:46,760 --> 00:55:48,440 IN THE CAREERS? 1456 00:55:48,440 --> 00:55:50,200 >> OH, YEAH, SPECIFIC ROLE OF 1457 00:55:50,200 --> 00:55:53,560 NIAAA IN THIS WOULD BE VERY 1458 00:55:53,560 --> 00:55:56,760 HELPFUL IN PLANNING AT OUR 1459 00:55:56,760 --> 00:55:56,960 LEVEL. 1460 00:55:56,960 --> 00:56:01,440 >> WE'RE ALSO SEEING A LOT MORE 1461 00:56:01,440 --> 00:56:04,040 WOMEN ENTERING SCIENCE, OUR 1462 00:56:04,040 --> 00:56:07,240 SCIENCE, THAN PREVIOUSLY. 1463 00:56:07,240 --> 00:56:07,360 1464 00:56:07,360 --> 00:56:17,760 SO, YOU KNOW, MY LABORATORY IS 1465 00:56:17,760 --> 00:56:20,760 AT NIDA BUT I TRAIN A HERD OF 1466 00:56:20,760 --> 00:56:21,600 POST BACCALAUREATE FELLOWS EVERY 1467 00:56:21,600 --> 00:56:24,880 YEAR IN THE CONTEXT OF MY LAB. 1468 00:56:24,880 --> 00:56:28,040 AND WE'VE SEEN A DEFINITE UPTICK 1469 00:56:28,040 --> 00:56:31,200 IN BOTH DIVERSITY, BUT ALSO IN 1470 00:56:31,200 --> 00:56:33,120 WOMEN APPLYING TO THE POST 1471 00:56:33,120 --> 00:56:35,240 BACCALAUREATE PROGRAM, WHICH I 1472 00:56:35,240 --> 00:56:37,920 ALSO SEE AS ENCOURAGING. 1473 00:56:37,920 --> 00:56:40,080 BUT AGAIN IT'S ONLY -- IT'S AN 1474 00:56:40,080 --> 00:56:40,560 N-of-1 THERE. 1475 00:56:40,560 --> 00:56:41,200 ALL RIGHT. 1476 00:56:41,200 --> 00:56:43,520 WE'RE GOING TO STOP FOR LUNCH, 1477 00:56:43,520 --> 00:56:45,720 RECONVENE AT 1:00 OR CLOSE TO 1478 00:56:45,720 --> 00:56:45,880 IT. 1479 00:56:45,880 --> 00:56:47,640 LUNCH IS GOING TO BE BROUGHT IN 1480 00:56:47,640 --> 00:56:53,560 HERE, IS THAT CORRECT, PHILIPPE? 1481 00:56:53,560 --> 00:56:54,160 >> IT'S OUTSIDE. 1482 00:56:54,160 --> 00:56:59,600 >> GRAB IT, COME BACK IN. 1483 00:56:59,600 --> 00:57:01,160 I'LL HAVE A LITTLE MEETING WITH 1484 00:57:01,160 --> 00:57:04,560 THE NEW HEAD OF FRIENDS OF NIAAA 1485 00:57:04,560 --> 00:57:05,520 IN MY OFFICE, AND THEN I'LL BE 1486 00:57:05,520 --> 00:57:08,920 HERE TO JOIN YOU FOR LUNCH AS 1487 00:57:08,920 --> 00:57:09,320 WELL. 1488 00:57:09,320 --> 00:57:14,120 THANKS, EVERYBODY. 1489 00:57:14,120 --> 00:57:17,480 >>IT'S A REAL PLEASURE TO 1490 00:57:17,480 --> 00:57:19,920 INTRODUCE OUR SPEAKER, ONE OF 1491 00:57:19,920 --> 00:57:28,760 OUR SPEAKERS TODAY, WE'LL HAVE 1492 00:57:28,760 --> 00:57:29,080 TWO. 1493 00:57:29,080 --> 00:57:32,160 AND DAVID IS THE DIRECTOR OF THE 1494 00:57:32,160 --> 00:57:35,000 INDIANA ALCOHOL RESEARCH CENTER 1495 00:57:35,000 --> 00:57:36,840 AND DIRECTOR OF THE 1496 00:57:36,840 --> 00:57:39,520 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY SECTION IN 1497 00:57:39,520 --> 00:57:41,920 DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY AT 1498 00:57:41,920 --> 00:57:43,440 INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF 1499 00:57:43,440 --> 00:57:43,920 MEDICINE. 1500 00:57:43,920 --> 00:57:47,080 ALSO THE DEPARTMENT'S VICE CHAIR 1501 00:57:47,080 --> 00:57:49,240 FOR RESEARCH. 1502 00:57:49,240 --> 00:57:51,440 HIS EXPERTISE COMPRISES THE 1503 00:57:51,440 --> 00:57:52,960 IMAGING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN'S 1504 00:57:52,960 --> 00:57:55,280 REWARD SYSTEM AS WELL AS 1505 00:57:55,280 --> 00:57:58,960 MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR FOR NATURAL 1506 00:57:58,960 --> 00:58:01,160 REWARDS AND ALCOHOL. 1507 00:58:01,160 --> 00:58:05,600 THE LATTER OFTEN USING 1508 00:58:05,600 --> 00:58:08,040 PHARMACOKINETICALLY MODELED 1509 00:58:08,040 --> 00:58:13,240 INTERVENOUS ALCOHOL 1510 00:58:13,240 --> 00:58:17,880 ADMINISTRATION AND INFUSION, 1511 00:58:17,880 --> 00:58:19,000 INCLUDING VULNERABILITIES THAT 1512 00:58:19,000 --> 00:58:23,160 MAY PREDISPOSE PEOPLE USING 1513 00:58:23,160 --> 00:58:24,720 fMRI AND POSITRON EMISSION 1514 00:58:24,720 --> 00:58:28,400 TOMOGRAPHY, KNOWN AS PET. 1515 00:58:28,400 --> 00:58:31,040 MUCH RESEARCH ALSO EMPLOYS 1516 00:58:31,040 --> 00:58:33,000 ALCOHOL AND FOOD CUES 1517 00:58:33,000 --> 00:58:36,720 ADMINISTERED AS BOTH AROMAS AND 1518 00:58:36,720 --> 00:58:40,360 TASTES. 1519 00:58:40,360 --> 00:58:50,080 DR. KERIKEN'S RESEARCH IS 1520 00:58:50,080 --> 00:58:51,520 SYSTEMS OVER REWARD BEHAVIOR. 1521 00:58:51,520 --> 00:59:02,040 DAVID, LOOKING FORWARD TO YOUR 1522 00:59:04,600 --> 00:59:04,960 TALK. 1523 00:59:04,960 --> 00:59:06,960 MAYBE DAVID IS GOING TO GIVE 1524 00:59:06,960 --> 00:59:10,640 PAL'S TALK AND PAL WILL GIVE 1525 00:59:10,640 --> 00:59:11,200 DAVID'S TALK, A CHALLENGE FOR 1526 00:59:11,200 --> 00:59:12,240 PROMOTION TO FULL PROFESSORS TO 1527 00:59:12,240 --> 00:59:13,720 BOTH OF YOU. 1528 00:59:13,720 --> 00:59:15,000 THANKS VERY MUCH. 1529 00:59:15,000 --> 00:59:16,520 WE'RE COMFORTABLE WITH THIS 1530 00:59:16,520 --> 00:59:18,400 MATERIAL. 1531 00:59:18,400 --> 00:59:18,760 THANKS. 1532 00:59:18,760 --> 00:59:20,480 THANKS FOR THE COUNCIL AND DR. 1533 00:59:20,480 --> 00:59:21,880 KOOB FOR INVITING ME TO PRESENT 1534 00:59:21,880 --> 00:59:24,400 THE WORK THAT I DO. 1535 00:59:24,400 --> 00:59:26,800 THIS IS IN MY LABORATORY, BUT A 1536 00:59:26,800 --> 00:59:30,640 LOT OF WHAT WE DO IS SORT OF 1537 00:59:30,640 --> 00:59:34,320 TAKEN FROM THE ALCOHOL RESEARCH 1538 00:59:34,320 --> 00:59:36,680 CENTER AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY. 1539 00:59:36,680 --> 00:59:43,360 AND ITS LONG HISTORY NOW OF 1540 00:59:43,360 --> 00:59:44,120 EXAMINING THE HERITABLE 1541 00:59:44,120 --> 00:59:45,080 VULNERABILITIES AT LEVEL OF 1542 00:59:45,080 --> 00:59:47,480 BRAIN THAT LEAD TO ALCOHOL USE 1543 00:59:47,480 --> 00:59:47,760 DISORDER. 1544 00:59:47,760 --> 00:59:48,400 AS DR. KOOB MENTIONED THIS IS 1545 00:59:48,400 --> 00:59:52,000 KIND OF DIVIDED IN OUR LAB INTO 1546 00:59:52,000 --> 00:59:55,760 TWO BROAD CATEGORIES, THOSE 1547 00:59:55,760 --> 00:59:57,720 INVOLVING THE SUBCORTICAL REWARD 1548 00:59:57,720 --> 01:00:00,480 SYSTEM, MEDIAL FRONTAL SYSTEM 1549 01:00:00,480 --> 01:00:03,840 INVOLVED, AND SUBJECTIVE REWARD 1550 01:00:03,840 --> 01:00:08,000 VALUE, AS WELL AS REGIONS OF THE 1551 01:00:08,000 --> 01:00:10,280 EXECUTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM. 1552 01:00:10,280 --> 01:00:12,600 AND WHEN I TALK TO THE PUBLIC, I 1553 01:00:12,600 --> 01:00:15,680 LIKE TO USE THIS NOW PROBABLY 1554 01:00:15,680 --> 01:00:17,320 PRETTY DATED REFERENCE OF DR. 1555 01:00:17,320 --> 01:00:20,920 DOOLITTLE AND THE PUSH YOU/PULL 1556 01:00:20,920 --> 01:00:23,800 ME MYTHICAL ANIMAL, BECAUSE IN 1557 01:00:23,800 --> 01:00:27,280 ORDER FOR ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR TO 1558 01:00:27,280 --> 01:00:29,600 WORK, BOTH FOR ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 1559 01:00:29,600 --> 01:00:32,120 BUT ALSO NATURAL REWARDS, YOU 1560 01:00:32,120 --> 01:00:33,520 NEED THIS INTENTION BETWEEN 1561 01:00:33,520 --> 01:00:42,200 THESE TWO SYSTEMS TO BE FINELY 1562 01:00:42,200 --> 01:00:43,440 REGULATED SO THE APPERTIVE 1563 01:00:43,440 --> 01:00:45,040 REWARD IS CONSTRAINED WHEN 1564 01:00:45,040 --> 01:00:47,800 NEEDED AND LOOSE AND REGULATED 1565 01:00:47,800 --> 01:00:48,200 APPROPRIATELY. 1566 01:00:48,200 --> 01:00:55,640 SO I WANT TO START BY TALKING 1567 01:00:55,640 --> 01:00:57,480 ABOUT REWARD SYSTEMS, PREFRONTAL 1568 01:00:57,480 --> 01:01:01,960 AND CORTICAL AREAS, HOW I GOT 1569 01:01:01,960 --> 01:01:02,480 STARTED. 1570 01:01:02,480 --> 01:01:04,840 I CAME WITH A DIFFERENT INTEREST 1571 01:01:04,840 --> 01:01:14,760 IN CHEMICAL SENSE, OLFACTION AND 1572 01:01:14,760 --> 01:01:21,160 GUSTATION, A LOT OF THE 1573 01:01:21,160 --> 01:01:24,760 IMAGENING WAS DONE WITH VISUAL 1574 01:01:24,760 --> 01:01:35,160 STIMULI THAT REMINDERS, 1575 01:01:40,880 --> 01:01:46,240 PAVOLVIAN STIMULI, WHAT'S A GOOD 1576 01:01:46,240 --> 01:01:46,960 STIMULUS, TASTE AND SMELL, 1577 01:01:46,960 --> 01:01:53,560 TAILOR THEM TO AN INDIVIDUAL'S 1578 01:01:53,560 --> 01:01:58,080 OWN HABITUALLY ENCOUNTERED 1579 01:01:58,080 --> 01:01:59,080 SMELLS AND FLAVORS FROM THE 1580 01:01:59,080 --> 01:02:02,360 ALCOHOL THEY USE,S THEY ARE THE 1581 01:02:02,360 --> 01:02:09,680 STIMULI THAT APPEAR PRIOR TO THE 1582 01:02:09,680 --> 01:02:11,320 RISE OF INTOXICATION. 1583 01:02:11,320 --> 01:02:14,720 FIRST FORAY WAS OLFACTION, THIS 1584 01:02:14,720 --> 01:02:23,600 IS THE COMPUTER CONTROLLED 1585 01:02:23,600 --> 01:02:23,920 OLFACTOMETER. 1586 01:02:23,920 --> 01:02:28,280 YOU CAN SEE THE TEST TUBES, WE 1587 01:02:28,280 --> 01:02:31,040 MIXED SUBJECTS OWN MOST USED TWO 1588 01:02:31,040 --> 01:02:32,680 MOST PREFERRED DRINKS WHEN 1589 01:02:32,680 --> 01:02:38,120 SEEKING TO BECOME INTOXICATE AND 1590 01:02:38,120 --> 01:02:40,440 COMPARED TO APPETITIVE CONTROLS 1591 01:02:40,440 --> 01:02:42,640 OF GRAPE AND CHOCOLATE, ONE 1592 01:02:42,640 --> 01:02:44,400 ASSOCIATED WITH INTOXICATION, 1593 01:02:44,400 --> 01:02:46,040 BOTH HAVING REWARD VALUE. 1594 01:02:46,040 --> 01:02:48,880 I WOULD ROLL THE CART ALONG THE 1595 01:02:48,880 --> 01:02:49,640 HIGHWAYS, A NEURORADIOLOGIST 1596 01:02:49,640 --> 01:02:59,480 CAME TO CALL ME STINKY KAREKEN, 1597 01:02:59,480 --> 01:03:01,680 ROLLING THE ODORANTS AROUND. 1598 01:03:01,680 --> 01:03:05,720 THIS IS THOSE WHO ARE FAMILY HIS 1599 01:03:05,720 --> 01:03:08,440 POSITIVE AND HEAVY DRINKERS AND 1600 01:03:08,440 --> 01:03:11,400 HEAVY DRINKERS WITH NO KNOWN 1601 01:03:11,400 --> 01:03:12,880 HISTORY. 1602 01:03:12,880 --> 01:03:14,480 THE STUDY WAS MORE COMPLICATED 1603 01:03:14,480 --> 01:03:16,040 BUT THE SIMPLE ASPECT WAS THAT 1604 01:03:16,040 --> 01:03:18,400 IN FACT THOSE WITH A FAMILY 1605 01:03:18,400 --> 01:03:20,280 HISTORY OF ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 1606 01:03:20,280 --> 01:03:22,560 DID HAVE MORE ACTIVATION OF 1607 01:03:22,560 --> 01:03:27,040 THESE MEDIAL PREFRONTAL AREAS 1608 01:03:27,040 --> 01:03:28,040 FROM THESE APPERTIVE AROMAS 1609 01:03:28,040 --> 01:03:31,080 COMPARED TO THOSE WITHOUT A 1610 01:03:31,080 --> 01:03:32,200 FAMILY HISTORY. 1611 01:03:32,200 --> 01:03:36,600 AND I WAS DISAPPOINTED WE DIDN'T 1612 01:03:36,600 --> 01:03:37,560 SEE MUCH STRIATAL ACTIVATION, 1613 01:03:37,560 --> 01:03:44,040 THIS LED US DOWN TO THE NEXT 1614 01:03:44,040 --> 01:03:47,680 STUDY USING POSITRON EMISSION 1615 01:03:47,680 --> 01:03:48,720 TOMOGRAPHY, IN HABITUAL BEER 1616 01:03:48,720 --> 01:03:49,080 DRINKERS. 1617 01:03:49,080 --> 01:03:52,680 WE WERE ABLE TO SQUEEZE IN A 1618 01:03:52,680 --> 01:03:55,960 SIZEABLE SAMPLE FOR PET WHICH IS 1619 01:03:55,960 --> 01:03:56,720 AN EXPENSIVE TECHNOLOGY. 1620 01:03:56,720 --> 01:03:58,800 THE IDEA BEHIND THIS FOR THOSE 1621 01:03:58,800 --> 01:04:01,200 WHO MAY NOT BE FAMILIAR WITH HOW 1622 01:04:01,200 --> 01:04:11,040 WE DO THIS, THIS ISN'T IN VIVO 1623 01:04:11,040 --> 01:04:14,240 VOLTOMETRY OR DIALYSIS BUT 1624 01:04:14,240 --> 01:04:16,880 LOOKING AT STRIATAL DOPAMINE 1625 01:04:16,880 --> 01:04:22,400 RELEASE IN HUMANS USING THIS 1626 01:04:22,400 --> 01:04:24,080 CARBON LABELED D2 D3 ANTAGONIST, 1627 01:04:24,080 --> 01:04:26,120 THE STORY BEHIND THIS PARTICULAR 1628 01:04:26,120 --> 01:04:32,160 RADIO TRACER IS THAT IT CAN BE 1629 01:04:32,160 --> 01:04:33,560 ENDOGENOUSLY DISPLACED, 1630 01:04:33,560 --> 01:04:34,440 DISPLACED BY ENDOGENOUS DOPAMINE 1631 01:04:34,440 --> 01:04:34,760 RELEASE. 1632 01:04:34,760 --> 01:04:42,320 IF YOU'RE IN A SITUATION IN 1633 01:04:42,320 --> 01:04:46,240 WHICH YOU APPETIVELY EXCITED AND 1634 01:04:46,240 --> 01:04:48,560 RELEASING DOME MEAN STRIATALLY, 1635 01:04:48,560 --> 01:04:50,000 LESS BIND OF TRACER, LESS 1636 01:04:50,000 --> 01:04:51,280 BINDING POTENTIAL. 1637 01:04:51,280 --> 01:04:53,560 WE DID THIS BY PROVOKING 1638 01:04:53,560 --> 01:04:58,000 DOPAMINE RELEASE USING EACH 1639 01:04:58,000 --> 01:04:59,960 SUBJECT'S OWN MOST USED BEER 1640 01:04:59,960 --> 01:05:03,160 PRIOR, WHEN SEEKING TO BECOME 1641 01:05:03,160 --> 01:05:04,800 INTOXICATED. 1642 01:05:04,800 --> 01:05:09,960 THIS IS WORK THAT WAS LED BY MY 1643 01:05:09,960 --> 01:05:12,800 POSTDOC AT THE TIME, BRANDON 1644 01:05:12,800 --> 01:05:14,320 OVERLAND, NOW HIS OWN 1645 01:05:14,320 --> 01:05:16,200 INVESTIGATOR IN PSYCHIATRY, AND 1646 01:05:16,200 --> 01:05:18,240 ASSISTED WITH CARMEN YODER IN 1647 01:05:18,240 --> 01:05:28,920 RADIOLOGY TO HANDLE THE PET END. 1648 01:05:28,920 --> 01:05:32,240 THIS SHOWS ONE SYRINGE LOADED 1649 01:05:32,240 --> 01:05:34,240 WITH BEER, ONE WITH GATORADE, 1650 01:05:34,240 --> 01:05:36,640 INTENSITY MATCHED CONTROL FOR 1651 01:05:36,640 --> 01:05:45,160 BAD AMERICAN BEER THAT DOESN'T 1652 01:05:45,160 --> 01:05:47,000 HAVE TOO MUCH FLAVOR, THESE WERE 1653 01:05:47,000 --> 01:05:48,120 HEAVY DRINKING INDIVIDUALS AS 1654 01:05:48,120 --> 01:05:53,480 YOU CAN SEE FROM CON 1655 01:05:53,480 --> 01:05:55,440 CONSUMPTION IN AUDIT. 1656 01:05:55,440 --> 01:05:58,840 THIS IS AN ML, SMALL AMOUNTS, 1657 01:05:58,840 --> 01:06:00,280 PER STIMULATION, 15 LITTLE 1658 01:06:00,280 --> 01:06:01,800 SQUIRTS OVER THE TIME AS TRACER 1659 01:06:01,800 --> 01:06:03,280 IS BEING TAKEN UP. 1660 01:06:03,280 --> 01:06:06,600 15 MLs OF BEER OVER 15 1661 01:06:06,600 --> 01:06:09,960 MINUTES, NOT PHARMACOLOGICALLY 1662 01:06:09,960 --> 01:06:10,520 SIGNIFICANT BUT PAVLOVIAN 1663 01:06:10,520 --> 01:06:12,400 STIMULUS OF BEER FLAVOR ALONE 1664 01:06:12,400 --> 01:06:15,240 WAS SUFFICIENT TO RELEASE 1665 01:06:15,240 --> 01:06:16,120 DOPAMINE LATERALLY, PAY 1666 01:06:16,120 --> 01:06:19,520 ATTENTION AND HOLD THAT IN MIND, 1667 01:06:19,520 --> 01:06:21,360 RIGHT VENTRAL STRIATUM IN HEAVY 1668 01:06:21,360 --> 01:06:21,600 DRINKERS. 1669 01:06:21,600 --> 01:06:22,560 IN THIS SITUATION THE 1670 01:06:22,560 --> 01:06:24,440 INTERESTING STORY IS THAT REALLY 1671 01:06:24,440 --> 01:06:26,720 THE EFFECT WAS DRIVEN LARGELY BY 1672 01:06:26,720 --> 01:06:29,480 THOSE WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF 1673 01:06:29,480 --> 01:06:31,200 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AS COMPARED 1674 01:06:31,200 --> 01:06:33,600 TO THOSE WHO HAD -- THIS IS 1675 01:06:33,600 --> 01:06:36,480 DEFINED BY AT LEAST ONE FIRST 1676 01:06:36,480 --> 01:06:38,000 DEGREE RELATIVE, SECOND THOSE 1677 01:06:38,000 --> 01:06:40,200 WITH ANY SECOND DEGREE BUT NO 1678 01:06:40,200 --> 01:06:41,160 FIRST DEGREE RELATIVES, AND 1679 01:06:41,160 --> 01:06:42,280 THOSE FAMILY HISTORY NEGATIVE 1680 01:06:42,280 --> 01:06:45,960 ARE THE OTHER TWO GROUPS. 1681 01:06:45,960 --> 01:06:49,280 SO, SUGGESTING AS THE fMRI 1682 01:06:49,280 --> 01:06:52,760 STUDY DID THAT FAMILY HISTORY 1683 01:06:52,760 --> 01:06:58,840 MAY BRING A SORT OF PRIMING OF 1684 01:06:58,840 --> 01:07:00,760 THE REWARD SYSTEM. 1685 01:07:00,760 --> 01:07:04,080 WE HAD A SMALL SUBCOMPONENT OF 1686 01:07:04,080 --> 01:07:08,680 THE SUBJECTS WHO ALSO HAD 1687 01:07:08,680 --> 01:07:09,080 fMRI. 1688 01:07:09,080 --> 01:07:14,440 IT IS CLOSELY MATCHED OF A 1689 01:07:14,440 --> 01:07:15,520 STIMULATION PARADIGM GETTING 1690 01:07:15,520 --> 01:07:17,280 BEER SCANS AND GATORADE SCANS. 1691 01:07:17,280 --> 01:07:22,600 HERE YOU SEE THERE'S RIGHT 1692 01:07:22,600 --> 01:07:26,400 LATIZED ACTIVITY, ALSO WHEN YOU 1693 01:07:26,400 --> 01:07:27,800 CORRELATE THE ACTIVATION SIGNAL 1694 01:07:27,800 --> 01:07:29,800 OF BEER GREATER THAN GATORADE, 1695 01:07:29,800 --> 01:07:31,520 HOW DOES THAT CORRELATE WITH 1696 01:07:31,520 --> 01:07:35,640 NUMBER OF BEERS WANTED IN 1697 01:07:35,640 --> 01:07:36,880 RESPONSE TO FLAVOR STIMULATION 1698 01:07:36,880 --> 01:07:39,160 THAT RISES AFTER PEOPLE GET THAT 1699 01:07:39,160 --> 01:07:44,120 SPRITZ, YOU SEE THIS SUBJECTIVE 1700 01:07:44,120 --> 01:07:47,280 REWARD AREA, SUBJECTIVE REWARD 1701 01:07:47,280 --> 01:07:49,120 VALUE AREA, MEDIAL PRE-FRONTAL 1702 01:07:49,120 --> 01:07:49,360 CORTEX. 1703 01:07:49,360 --> 01:07:52,760 THE BOLD ACTIVATION IS GREATER 1704 01:07:52,760 --> 01:07:54,440 WITH, ASCENDS WITH NUMBER OF 1705 01:07:54,440 --> 01:07:58,560 BEERS WANTED ACROSS THE 1706 01:07:58,560 --> 01:08:01,200 SUBJECTS. 1707 01:08:01,200 --> 01:08:02,800 SO, AGAIN, RIGHT LATERALIZED. 1708 01:08:02,800 --> 01:08:05,440 YOU'LL SEE THIS POP UP AGAIN. 1709 01:08:05,440 --> 01:08:06,840 SO IT WAS TOO HARD TO RESIST 1710 01:08:06,840 --> 01:08:09,680 GOING A LITTLE FURTHER WITH THIS 1711 01:08:09,680 --> 01:08:11,880 BECAUSE MOST HUMAN STUDIES GET 1712 01:08:11,880 --> 01:08:17,040 LIMITED TO THE SIMPLE SORT OF 1713 01:08:17,040 --> 01:08:18,000 PASSIVE STIMULATION IMAGES, 1714 01:08:18,000 --> 01:08:20,320 SMELLS, TASTE, THAT SORT OF 1715 01:08:20,320 --> 01:08:21,400 THING. 1716 01:08:21,400 --> 01:08:25,360 BUT THIS WAS OUR OPPORTUNITY TO 1717 01:08:25,360 --> 01:08:27,760 TAKE A HUMAN, PUT IT IN THE HOME 1718 01:08:27,760 --> 01:08:32,560 CAGE, GIVE IT A LEVER, AND 1719 01:08:32,560 --> 01:08:34,960 REALLY REPLICATE WHAT HAPPENS 1720 01:08:34,960 --> 01:08:35,720 WITH ALCOHOL SELF-ADMINISTRATION 1721 01:08:35,720 --> 01:08:38,240 WHICH I SAY IS SORT OF 1722 01:08:38,240 --> 01:08:40,240 COLLOQUIALLY REFERRED TO BY MOST 1723 01:08:40,240 --> 01:08:42,280 NORMAL PEOPLE AS DRINKING. 1724 01:08:42,280 --> 01:08:44,920 SO, BUT THIS WAS A CHANCE TO 1725 01:08:44,920 --> 01:08:46,240 DISASSOCIATE AND DISSECT THIS. 1726 01:08:46,240 --> 01:08:49,960 SO WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU DRINK? 1727 01:08:49,960 --> 01:08:51,080 SO, THERE'S SOME INSTRUMENTAL 1728 01:08:51,080 --> 01:08:53,760 BEHAVIOR INVOLVED, RIGHT? 1729 01:08:53,760 --> 01:08:55,440 I THINK THAT'S AN UNDEREXAMINED 1730 01:08:55,440 --> 01:08:55,680 ASPECT. 1731 01:08:55,680 --> 01:08:57,400 AND YOU HAVE TO REACH OUT, YOU 1732 01:08:57,400 --> 01:08:59,800 HAVE TO USE YOUR MOTOR SYSTEM 1733 01:08:59,800 --> 01:09:01,160 AND DO SOMETHING. 1734 01:09:01,160 --> 01:09:03,120 YOU HAVE TO DELIVER THE ALCOHOL 1735 01:09:03,120 --> 01:09:04,640 BUT AT LEAST TWO THINGS ARE 1736 01:09:04,640 --> 01:09:07,720 HAPPENING WITH THE ALCOHOL. 1737 01:09:07,720 --> 01:09:11,000 YOU HAVE THE FLAVOR, 1738 01:09:11,000 --> 01:09:14,600 SOMATOSENSORY ASPECTS, ALL OF 1739 01:09:14,600 --> 01:09:18,320 WHICH SERVE AS PAVLOVIAN AND 1740 01:09:18,320 --> 01:09:18,840 PHARMACOLOGIC. 1741 01:09:18,840 --> 01:09:26,520 WE WANTED TO DO OUR BEST AND 1742 01:09:26,520 --> 01:09:28,160 DIVIDE THIS OUT, GUSTOMETER 1743 01:09:28,160 --> 01:09:29,920 DELIVERED PAVLOVIAN ASPECT, THE 1744 01:09:29,920 --> 01:09:32,080 ALCOHOL WE USED COMPUTER 1745 01:09:32,080 --> 01:09:33,160 ADMINISTRATED INFUSION SYSTEM 1746 01:09:33,160 --> 01:09:35,160 DEVELOPED BY SEAN O'CONNOR AT 1747 01:09:35,160 --> 01:09:38,240 INDIANA UNIVERSITY AND NOW LED 1748 01:09:38,240 --> 01:09:41,400 BY MARTY PLUEKI, USING A 1749 01:09:41,400 --> 01:09:45,880 PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL TO MODEL 1750 01:09:45,880 --> 01:09:47,440 ALCOHOL ELIMINATION, 1751 01:09:47,440 --> 01:09:49,240 DISTRIBUTION, ELIMINATION, 1752 01:09:49,240 --> 01:09:51,520 PRECISELY TO CONTROL THE BRAIN 1753 01:09:51,520 --> 01:09:53,320 EXPOSURE WHICH IS MUCH HARDER TO 1754 01:09:53,320 --> 01:09:55,320 DO WITH ORAL CONSUMPTION AND 1755 01:09:55,320 --> 01:09:56,520 DURING IMAGING IT'S IMPOSSIBLE. 1756 01:09:56,520 --> 01:09:59,480 YOU CAN'T HAVE PEOPLE CONSUMING 1757 01:09:59,480 --> 01:10:00,960 ALCOHOL IN ANY MEANINGFUL WAY. 1758 01:10:00,960 --> 01:10:04,160 SO THIS IS WHAT THE STUDY LOOKED 1759 01:10:04,160 --> 01:10:04,360 LIKE. 1760 01:10:04,360 --> 01:10:07,880 WHAT WE HAD, WE WERE ABLE TO 1761 01:10:07,880 --> 01:10:11,600 GIVE THREE DIFFERENT PET SCANS, 1762 01:10:11,600 --> 01:10:14,120 WE HELD PEOPLE OVERNIGHT AT IU, 1763 01:10:14,120 --> 01:10:19,400 AND WE DID A SORT OF PARAMETRIC 1764 01:10:19,400 --> 01:10:21,600 COMBINATION OF FLAVORS AND 1765 01:10:21,600 --> 01:10:21,840 ETHANOL. 1766 01:10:21,840 --> 01:10:23,640 AND SUBJECTS SAW ON A SCREEN IN 1767 01:10:23,640 --> 01:10:27,160 FRONT OF THEM THESE BEER GLASSES 1768 01:10:27,160 --> 01:10:28,680 THAT WOULD SLOWLY SORT OF DRAIN 1769 01:10:28,680 --> 01:10:30,000 OF FLUID, EVERY TIME THEY 1770 01:10:30,000 --> 01:10:31,960 PRESSED THEY WERE INSTRUCTED TO 1771 01:10:31,960 --> 01:10:33,520 PRESS A BUTTON THAT WOULD 1772 01:10:33,520 --> 01:10:34,600 ADMINISTER THE FLAVOR. 1773 01:10:34,600 --> 01:10:37,440 SO THEY GOT THE SPRITZ OF BEER 1774 01:10:37,440 --> 01:10:42,760 AND AT THE SAME TIME WE HAD AN 1775 01:10:42,760 --> 01:10:44,560 ASCENDING CAREFULLY CONTROLLED 1776 01:10:44,560 --> 01:10:46,080 ASCENDING LIMB OF ALCOHOL 1777 01:10:46,080 --> 01:10:48,840 EXPOSURE IN THE BRAIN, 1778 01:10:48,840 --> 01:10:50,400 ADMINISTERED IV. 1779 01:10:50,400 --> 01:10:51,880 AND THEN CLAMPED AT 60 1780 01:10:51,880 --> 01:10:54,720 MILLIGRAMS PER CENT TO HOLD IT 1781 01:10:54,720 --> 01:10:56,480 STEADY SO THERE BE WOULD NO 1782 01:10:56,480 --> 01:10:58,680 VARIATION ACROSS PEOPLE. 1783 01:10:58,680 --> 01:11:00,520 THIS CORRESPONDED WITH AVERAGE 1784 01:11:00,520 --> 01:11:02,160 HEIGHT-WEIGHT MALE. 1785 01:11:02,160 --> 01:11:03,600 THESE WERE ALL MEN, FOR OTHER 1786 01:11:03,600 --> 01:11:08,640 REASONS THAT I WON'T GO INTO. 1787 01:11:08,640 --> 01:11:09,400 SO, OKAY. 1788 01:11:09,400 --> 01:11:13,360 GRANTED, THIS IS NOT THE FACULTY 1789 01:11:13,360 --> 01:11:14,560 LOUNGE HAVING ONE'S PREFERRED 1790 01:11:14,560 --> 01:11:15,880 COCKTAIL AFTER WORK BUT IT'S AS 1791 01:11:15,880 --> 01:11:19,240 CLOSE AS WE COULD GET INSIDE A 1792 01:11:19,240 --> 01:11:20,240 PET SCANNER. 1793 01:11:20,240 --> 01:11:24,840 SO, THE UPSHOT OF THIS IS BY 1794 01:11:24,840 --> 01:11:26,520 CONTROLLING FOR ETHANOL 1795 01:11:26,520 --> 01:11:29,920 EXPOSURE, LOOKING ONLY AT 1796 01:11:29,920 --> 01:11:31,440 CONDITIONED STIMULUS ALCOHOL 1797 01:11:31,440 --> 01:11:32,000 FLAVOR. 1798 01:11:32,000 --> 01:11:35,120 AGAIN DOPAMINE RELEASE IN THE 1799 01:11:35,120 --> 01:11:36,240 RIGHT VENTRAL STRIATUM. 1800 01:11:36,240 --> 01:11:39,120 BUT THEN WHEN YOU GO ACROSS AND 1801 01:11:39,120 --> 01:11:42,720 YOU CONTROL FOR THE FLAVOR, THE 1802 01:11:42,720 --> 01:11:44,880 NEUTRAL GATORADE, AND WE TOLD 1803 01:11:44,880 --> 01:11:49,040 SUBJECTS FOR ONE OF THESE SCANS 1804 01:11:49,040 --> 01:11:51,680 YOU'LL GET THE GATORADE IN THE 1805 01:11:51,680 --> 01:11:52,800 ALCOHOL, CONSIDERED IT SPIKED 1806 01:11:52,800 --> 01:11:53,880 GATORADE SO THEY WERE AWARE OF 1807 01:11:53,880 --> 01:11:58,040 WHAT THEY WERE GETTING. 1808 01:11:58,040 --> 01:11:59,040 YOU GET LEFT VENTRAL STRIATAL 1809 01:11:59,040 --> 01:12:00,520 RELEASE FROM THE ETHANOL. 1810 01:12:00,520 --> 01:12:03,040 IT'S WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE 1811 01:12:03,040 --> 01:12:04,680 NATURALISTIC CONDITION YOU WOULD 1812 01:12:04,680 --> 01:12:06,240 NORMALLY EXPERIENCE WITH 1813 01:12:06,240 --> 01:12:07,960 DRINKING WHEN THE CONDITIONED 1814 01:12:07,960 --> 01:12:08,960 STIMULUS MATCHES THE 1815 01:12:08,960 --> 01:12:10,080 PHARMACOLOGIC CONTENT OF THE 1816 01:12:10,080 --> 01:12:16,560 DRUG THEN YOU GET THE BILATERAL 1817 01:12:16,560 --> 01:12:18,480 RESPONSE AND DOPAMINE RELEASE. 1818 01:12:18,480 --> 01:12:18,680 OKAY. 1819 01:12:18,680 --> 01:12:24,840 SO I WANT TO STICK WITH THE 1820 01:12:24,840 --> 01:12:26,160 GUSTATORY MODALITY, TASTE 1821 01:12:26,160 --> 01:12:27,160 SPECIFIC. 1822 01:12:27,160 --> 01:12:28,200 YOU CAN'T DO THIS IN 1823 01:12:28,200 --> 01:12:28,760 ADOLESCENTS. 1824 01:12:28,760 --> 01:12:31,200 YOU CAN'T DO THIS IN RECOVERING 1825 01:12:31,200 --> 01:12:33,800 ALCOHOLICS OR THOSE WITH ALCOHOL 1826 01:12:33,800 --> 01:12:36,200 USE DISORDER BECAUSE YOU DON'T 1827 01:12:36,200 --> 01:12:40,880 WANT TO BE EXPOSING THESE 1828 01:12:40,880 --> 01:12:43,440 INDIVIDUALS TO THEIR ALCOHOL 1829 01:12:43,440 --> 01:12:44,320 FLAVORS FOR ETHICAL REASONS. 1830 01:12:44,320 --> 01:12:47,360 BUT THERE WAS THIS BODY OF 1831 01:12:47,360 --> 01:12:48,800 RESEARCH THAT WAS ATTRACTING ME 1832 01:12:48,800 --> 01:12:51,120 AT THE HUMAN LEVEL AND ANIMAL 1833 01:12:51,120 --> 01:12:52,520 LEVEL. 1834 01:12:52,520 --> 01:12:56,200 THERE ARE SOME HUMAN DATA, 1835 01:12:56,200 --> 01:12:58,520 ALEXEI TALKS ABOUT A SWEET 1836 01:12:58,520 --> 01:13:01,240 PREFERENCE, THOSE AT RISK FOR 1837 01:13:01,240 --> 01:13:03,640 ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS, BUT ALSO 1838 01:13:03,640 --> 01:13:05,440 THOSE RECOVERING FROM ALCOHOL 1839 01:13:05,440 --> 01:13:07,240 USE DISORDER, BUT ALL THE ANIMAL 1840 01:13:07,240 --> 01:13:09,560 RESEARCHERS IN THE ROOM WILL 1841 01:13:09,560 --> 01:13:11,000 RECOGNIZE THIS THING, WHICH IS 1842 01:13:11,000 --> 01:13:13,440 THAT RODENTS THAT ARE 1843 01:13:13,440 --> 01:13:19,320 SELECTIVELY BRED FOR ALCOHOL 1844 01:13:19,320 --> 01:13:20,640 PREFERENCE BRING ALONG A 1845 01:13:20,640 --> 01:13:22,400 CORRELATED TRAIT THEY LIKE 1846 01:13:22,400 --> 01:13:23,960 SWEETENED WATER AND STIMULI. 1847 01:13:23,960 --> 01:13:26,120 THESE ARE THE INDIANA P RATS, 1848 01:13:26,120 --> 01:13:29,760 WHO YOU CAN SEE, THIS IS THEIR 1849 01:13:29,760 --> 01:13:32,600 HOME CAGE DRINKING. 1850 01:13:32,600 --> 01:13:36,640 SO THEY ARE COMPARED TO WYSS 1851 01:13:36,640 --> 01:13:39,160 STARS, 20 MINUTES OVER 30-MINUTE 1852 01:13:39,160 --> 01:13:42,560 PERIODS, OUTDRINK THE WYSS STARS 1853 01:13:42,560 --> 01:13:45,920 AND ALCOHOL, BUT IT'S ALSO THE 1854 01:13:45,920 --> 01:13:48,800 CASE THAT THERE'S A 1855 01:13:48,800 --> 01:13:56,200 SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER INTAKE OF 1856 01:13:56,200 --> 01:13:59,280 SUCROSE OR SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS. 1857 01:13:59,280 --> 01:14:05,400 THESE ANIMALS ARE AVAILABLE AS 1858 01:14:05,400 --> 01:14:07,480 A SHARED RESOURCE AND 1859 01:14:07,480 --> 01:14:07,920 CORRESPONDING MICE. 1860 01:14:07,920 --> 01:14:10,040 WHAT HADN'T BEEN DONE IN HUMANS 1861 01:14:10,040 --> 01:14:13,840 LOOKING AT THE BRAIN RESPONSE TO 1862 01:14:13,840 --> 01:14:14,840 SUCROSE AND SWEET. 1863 01:14:14,840 --> 01:14:20,720 THIS IS HOT OFF THE PRESS. 1864 01:14:20,720 --> 01:14:21,680 JONATHAN ALESSY, LEAD AUTHOR, 1865 01:14:21,680 --> 01:14:23,120 MD/PHD STUDENT IN MY LAB. 1866 01:14:23,120 --> 01:14:25,120 WE PUBLISHED THIS ARTICLE IN 1867 01:14:25,120 --> 01:14:27,200 HIGH INTENSITY SWEET TASTE AS A 1868 01:14:27,200 --> 01:14:29,360 PREDICTOR OF SUBJECTIVE ALCOHOL 1869 01:14:29,360 --> 01:14:30,240 RESPONSES. 1870 01:14:30,240 --> 01:14:36,280 SO WE HAD A PRETTY RESPECTABLE 1871 01:14:36,280 --> 01:14:39,880 SAMPLE OF 140 INDIVIDUALS WHO 1872 01:14:39,880 --> 01:14:44,840 WERE MATCHED BAM H. 3W57 THE -- 1873 01:14:44,840 --> 01:14:46,240 BALANCED IN FAMILY HISTORY AND 1874 01:14:46,240 --> 01:14:47,880 RECENT DRINKING. 1875 01:14:47,880 --> 01:14:54,320 CAME FOR fMRI TO GET EXPOSED 1876 01:14:54,320 --> 01:14:55,080 TO GUSTATORY STIMULATION, FAINT, 1877 01:14:55,080 --> 01:15:02,200 HARD TO TELL, AND A SWEET 1878 01:15:02,200 --> 01:15:08,680 SOLUTION CONCENTRATION SUCROSE, 1879 01:15:08,680 --> 01:15:10,320 SUCROSE PRIMARY, MONEY 1880 01:15:10,320 --> 01:15:10,600 SECONDARY. 1881 01:15:10,600 --> 01:15:13,720 AND THEN AFTER MRI A FEW DAYS 1882 01:15:13,720 --> 01:15:15,920 LATER AND TWO WEEKS LATER THE 1883 01:15:15,920 --> 01:15:20,880 SUBJECTS CAME AND ABOUT AN 1884 01:15:20,880 --> 01:15:22,040 INTRAVENOUS ALCOHOL 1885 01:15:22,040 --> 01:15:22,760 SELF-ADMINISTRATION SESSION. 1886 01:15:22,760 --> 01:15:24,240 AND THIS IS WHAT THIS LOOKS 1887 01:15:24,240 --> 01:15:24,440 LIKE. 1888 01:15:24,440 --> 01:15:26,720 YOU SAW THAT IN THE PREVIOUS PET 1889 01:15:26,720 --> 01:15:28,160 STUDY WE CLAMPED ALCOHOL 1890 01:15:28,160 --> 01:15:29,960 EXPOSURE TO KEEP IT CONSTANT 1891 01:15:29,960 --> 01:15:32,000 DURING IMAGING. 1892 01:15:32,000 --> 01:15:35,080 THIS IS OUTSIDE IMAGING IN A 1893 01:15:35,080 --> 01:15:39,760 HOSPITAL ROOM, AND THE SUBJECTS 1894 01:15:39,760 --> 01:15:40,520 STARTED WITH A BRIEF 1895 01:15:40,520 --> 01:15:41,480 STANDARDIZED PRIME SO THEY CAN 1896 01:15:41,480 --> 01:15:45,360 FIND OUT WHAT IT'S LIKE TO GET 1897 01:15:45,360 --> 01:15:48,600 ALCOHOL IV RAPIDLY TAKEN UP IN 1898 01:15:48,600 --> 01:15:50,800 ABOUT TEN MINUTES TO 30 1899 01:15:50,800 --> 01:15:52,560 MILLIGRAMS PERCENT, NOT A HIGH 1900 01:15:52,560 --> 01:15:54,080 EXPOSURE BUT PRETTY RAPID RATE 1901 01:15:54,080 --> 01:15:55,080 OF INCREASE OVER A SHORT PERIOD 1902 01:15:55,080 --> 01:15:56,040 OF TIME. 1903 01:15:56,040 --> 01:15:57,680 YOU DON'T NORMALLY DO THAT. 1904 01:15:57,680 --> 01:16:00,520 YOU DON'T NORMALLY EXPERIENCE 1905 01:16:00,520 --> 01:16:02,200 THAT WHEN DRINKING. 1906 01:16:02,200 --> 01:16:04,920 AND THEN THEY ARE SET LOOSE AT 1907 01:16:04,920 --> 01:16:07,520 30 MINUTES AFTER THEY REACH 1908 01:16:07,520 --> 01:16:09,320 AROUND 10 OR 15 TO DO WHAT THEY 1909 01:16:09,320 --> 01:16:10,240 WANT. 1910 01:16:10,240 --> 01:16:14,040 THIS IS JUST ONE SUBJECT WHO 1911 01:16:14,040 --> 01:16:14,920 GOES OFF AND SELF-ADMINISTERS AS 1912 01:16:14,920 --> 01:16:18,960 MUCH OR AS LITTLE UP TO A SAFETY 1913 01:16:18,960 --> 01:16:20,480 LIMIT OF 150 MILLIGRAMS PERCENT. 1914 01:16:20,480 --> 01:16:23,000 WHAT I WANT TO CONCENTRATE ON 1915 01:16:23,000 --> 01:16:25,200 BECAUSE OF THE VARIABILITY IS 1916 01:16:25,200 --> 01:16:26,040 THE PRIME. 1917 01:16:26,040 --> 01:16:29,320 AND WHAT WE'RE LOOKING AT HERE 1918 01:16:29,320 --> 01:16:31,200 IS SUBJECTIVE RESPONSES AT THE 1919 01:16:31,200 --> 01:16:33,680 PEAK OF PRIME COMPARED TO THE 1920 01:16:33,680 --> 01:16:37,200 BASELINE BEFORE INFUSION. 1921 01:16:37,200 --> 01:16:39,160 SO, FOR THIS, THE DEPENDENT 1922 01:16:39,160 --> 01:16:42,040 MEASURE IS A PRINCIPAL COMPONENT 1923 01:16:42,040 --> 01:16:44,200 OF FOUR VERY HIGHLY 1924 01:16:44,200 --> 01:16:46,280 INTERCORRELATED RESPONSES WHICH 1925 01:16:46,280 --> 01:16:46,960 ARE INTOXICATION, PERCEIVED 1926 01:16:46,960 --> 01:16:48,920 NUMBER OF DRINKS, WHICH SUBJECTS 1927 01:16:48,920 --> 01:16:53,280 ARE PRETTY GOOD AT, AT 1928 01:16:53,280 --> 01:16:55,440 PREDICTING OR ESTIMATING FROM 1929 01:16:55,440 --> 01:16:55,800 THE PRIME. 1930 01:16:55,800 --> 01:17:01,840 HOW MUCH THEY ENJOY IT AND THEIR 1931 01:17:01,840 --> 01:17:03,920 PERCEIVED STIMULATION. 1932 01:17:03,920 --> 01:17:05,040 SO, THE PRINCIPAL RESULTS, WHAT 1933 01:17:05,040 --> 01:17:07,480 YOU SEE IN BLUE IS THE BOLD 1934 01:17:07,480 --> 01:17:11,680 ACTIVATION OF THE BRAIN FROM THE 1935 01:17:11,680 --> 01:17:13,640 HIGH INTENSITY SUCROSE 1936 01:17:13,640 --> 01:17:13,920 STIMULATION. 1937 01:17:13,920 --> 01:17:15,720 WHERE'S MY CURSOR? 1938 01:17:15,720 --> 01:17:16,760 OKAY. 1939 01:17:16,760 --> 01:17:19,120 SO THE BLUE IS REGIONS OF THE 1940 01:17:19,120 --> 01:17:23,560 BRAIN THAT GET ACTIVATED FROM 1941 01:17:23,560 --> 01:17:25,680 HIGH INTENSITY SUCROSE, .85, YOU 1942 01:17:25,680 --> 01:17:30,920 SEE GUSTATORY REGIONS IN INSULA, 1943 01:17:30,920 --> 01:17:31,440 POSTERIORLY, INTENTIONAL 1944 01:17:31,440 --> 01:17:38,480 SALIENTS AREA MORE ANTERIORLY. 1945 01:17:38,480 --> 01:17:41,880 IN GREEN AND PINK, TWO DIFFERENT 1946 01:17:41,880 --> 01:17:42,400 STATISTICAL THRESHOLDS FOR 1947 01:17:42,400 --> 01:17:43,280 ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES, THIS IS 1948 01:17:43,280 --> 01:17:45,840 NOT THE ACTIVATION BUT THIS IS 1949 01:17:45,840 --> 01:17:48,680 THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE 1950 01:17:48,680 --> 01:17:51,400 ACTIVATION TO SUCROSE AND THE 1951 01:17:51,400 --> 01:17:52,960 PERCEIVED ENJOYABLE INTOXICATION 1952 01:17:52,960 --> 01:17:55,160 THAT SUBJECTS EXPERIENCED FROM 1953 01:17:55,160 --> 01:17:57,640 THE ALCOHOL PRIME SEVERAL DAYS 1954 01:17:57,640 --> 01:18:00,200 TO TWO WEEKS LATER. 1955 01:18:00,200 --> 01:18:03,120 SO, THE ACTIVATION TO THE 1956 01:18:03,120 --> 01:18:05,520 SUCROSE IS PREDICTING SUBJECTS' 1957 01:18:05,520 --> 01:18:06,480 RESPONSE TO THE ALCOHOL. 1958 01:18:06,480 --> 01:18:10,800 YOU REMEMBER THAT WE ALSO DID A 1959 01:18:10,800 --> 01:18:13,000 MONETARY INCENTIVE DELAY 1960 01:18:13,000 --> 01:18:15,280 PARADIGM TO LOOK AT THE RESPONSE 1961 01:18:15,280 --> 01:18:17,480 TO ANTICIPATION AND RECEIPT OF 1962 01:18:17,480 --> 01:18:20,760 MONETARY REWARD. 1963 01:18:20,760 --> 01:18:21,520 THE SECONDARY REWARD. 1964 01:18:21,520 --> 01:18:24,480 AND WHAT YOU SEE IN BLUE HERE IS 1965 01:18:24,480 --> 01:18:27,960 THAT BOTH OF THESE PARADIGMS, 1966 01:18:27,960 --> 01:18:34,560 SUCROSE AND THE MONETARY 1967 01:18:34,560 --> 01:18:35,400 ACTIVATION, MONETARY 1968 01:18:35,400 --> 01:18:40,440 ANTICIPATION, BOTH ACTIVATE THE 1969 01:18:40,440 --> 01:18:42,840 INSULA. 1970 01:18:42,840 --> 01:18:43,280 OKAY? 1971 01:18:43,280 --> 01:18:46,480 BUT THE MONETARY REWARD EITHER 1972 01:18:46,480 --> 01:18:47,880 ANTICIPATION OR RECEIPT WAS 1973 01:18:47,880 --> 01:18:50,880 REALLY UNRELATED TO THE 1974 01:18:50,880 --> 01:18:54,800 ACTIVATION DESPITE THE FACT THEY 1975 01:18:54,800 --> 01:19:02,080 ARE BOTH ROBUST ACTIVATORS, IT'S 1976 01:19:02,080 --> 01:19:04,120 IN ANCILLARY AREAS THAT ARE 1977 01:19:04,120 --> 01:19:07,960 INVOLVED IN THIS INTENTIONAL 1978 01:19:07,960 --> 01:19:10,360 SALINE NETWORK THAT REFLECT 1979 01:19:10,360 --> 01:19:14,480 WHERE ACTIVATION UNDER SUCROSE 1980 01:19:14,480 --> 01:19:15,920 REFLECTS THE EXPERIENCE FROM 1981 01:19:15,920 --> 01:19:18,880 THIS ALCOHOL PRIME. 1982 01:19:18,880 --> 01:19:21,400 KEEPING IN MIND THAT AS ANDREA 1983 01:19:21,400 --> 01:19:24,440 KING AND OTHERS HAVE SHOWN, THAT 1984 01:19:24,440 --> 01:19:27,080 THIS SORT OF POSITIVE REWARDING 1985 01:19:27,080 --> 01:19:29,280 ASPECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE RISING 1986 01:19:29,280 --> 01:19:32,880 LIMB ARE A RISK FACTOR FOR 1987 01:19:32,880 --> 01:19:35,240 FUTURE ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND 1988 01:19:35,240 --> 01:19:37,440 FOR FUTURE BINGE DRINKING. 1989 01:19:37,440 --> 01:19:39,120 HERE WE HAVE PRIMARY REWARD 1990 01:19:39,120 --> 01:19:40,880 THAT'S SAFE AND USABLE IN ALL 1991 01:19:40,880 --> 01:19:46,040 KINDS OF SUBJECTS THAT MAY 1992 01:19:46,040 --> 01:19:48,320 REFLECT ATTUNING OF ONE'S BRAIN 1993 01:19:48,320 --> 01:19:53,120 IN SALIENCE REGIONS THAT MIGHT 1994 01:19:53,120 --> 01:19:54,040 INDICATE A RISK. 1995 01:19:54,040 --> 01:19:55,680 THE LAST THING I WANT TO TALK 1996 01:19:55,680 --> 01:19:59,040 ABOUT IS THIS EXECUTIVE CONTROL 1997 01:19:59,040 --> 01:19:59,360 SYSTEM. 1998 01:19:59,360 --> 01:20:03,200 I WISH THIS WERE A SIMPLER STUDY 1999 01:20:03,200 --> 01:20:04,960 TO TALK ABOUT, AS THE LAB CHIEF 2000 01:20:04,960 --> 01:20:06,160 SAYS WHY CAN'T YOU DISCOVER 2001 01:20:06,160 --> 01:20:07,760 ANYTHING THAT'S EASY TO TALK 2002 01:20:07,760 --> 01:20:11,960 ABOUT ON A TALK SHOW? 2003 01:20:11,960 --> 01:20:14,680 LET ME WALK YOU THROUGH MY 2004 01:20:14,680 --> 01:20:16,640 REASONING, AS WE DID THIS. 2005 01:20:16,640 --> 01:20:18,640 THE IDEA, THIS WAS ONE OF THOSE 2006 01:20:18,640 --> 01:20:20,680 TARGETS OF OPPORTUNITY THAT 2007 01:20:20,680 --> 01:20:22,760 REALLY WASN'T PLANNED BUT I 2008 01:20:22,760 --> 01:20:24,960 LOOKED AT THIS REPORT A NUMBER 2009 01:20:24,960 --> 01:20:32,160 OF YEARS AGO FROM ASHLEY 2010 01:20:32,160 --> 01:20:34,120 ACHINSON EXAMINING GO/NO GO 2011 01:20:34,120 --> 01:20:35,240 PARADIGM, MOST PEOPLE IN THE 2012 01:20:35,240 --> 01:20:39,640 ROOM ARE AWARE OF WHAT THIS IS 2013 01:20:39,640 --> 01:20:39,840 LIKE. 2014 01:20:39,840 --> 01:20:43,800 AND REPORTED THAT THERE'S 2015 01:20:43,800 --> 01:20:44,920 GREATER ACTIVATION IN FAMILY 2016 01:20:44,920 --> 01:20:45,880 HISTORY POSITIVE COMPARED TO 2017 01:20:45,880 --> 01:20:47,440 FAMILY HISTORY NEGATIVE. 2018 01:20:47,440 --> 01:20:50,040 BUT THE COMPLICATION HERE IN 2019 01:20:50,040 --> 01:20:54,640 THIS REPORT WAS YOU SEE THE 2020 01:20:54,640 --> 01:20:57,480 AREAS THAT ARE GREATER IN FAMILY 2021 01:20:57,480 --> 01:20:58,560 HISTORY POSITIVE UNDER BOTH 2022 01:20:58,560 --> 01:21:01,400 CONTROL BLOCK OF GOING AS WELL 2023 01:21:01,400 --> 01:21:03,720 AS THE BLOCK OF INTEREST OF 2024 01:21:03,720 --> 01:21:05,560 MOTOR INHIBITION OF GOING AND 2025 01:21:05,560 --> 01:21:07,120 NOT GOING, RESTRAINING ONE'S 2026 01:21:07,120 --> 01:21:07,520 RESPONSE. 2027 01:21:07,520 --> 01:21:10,000 SO THAT'S ONE COMPLICATION. 2028 01:21:10,000 --> 01:21:11,400 THE OTHER IS, THIS IS WHAT 2029 01:21:11,400 --> 01:21:14,560 REALLY STUCK OUT TO ME AND I 2030 01:21:14,560 --> 01:21:16,360 NOTICED IAN COALRAIN HAD 2031 01:21:16,360 --> 01:21:18,200 PUBLISHED AN INTERESTING 2032 01:21:18,200 --> 01:21:20,000 COMMENTARY ON THIS, BACK HERE IS 2033 01:21:20,000 --> 01:21:22,800 A PRIMARY NODE OF THE BRAIN'S 2034 01:21:22,800 --> 01:21:24,240 DEFAULT MODE NETWORK, A REGION 2035 01:21:24,240 --> 01:21:26,440 OF THE NEURAL NETWORK OF THE 2036 01:21:26,440 --> 01:21:27,520 BRAIN THAT BECOMES MORE 2037 01:21:27,520 --> 01:21:31,120 PROMINENT WHEN YOU ARE AT REST 2038 01:21:31,120 --> 01:21:34,080 AND LESS INVOLVED WITH COGNITIVE 2039 01:21:34,080 --> 01:21:36,280 CHALLENGES AND ACTIVE THINKING 2040 01:21:36,280 --> 01:21:39,440 AND DELIBERATION DEALING WITH 2041 01:21:39,440 --> 01:21:40,520 THE OUTSIDE WORLD. 2042 01:21:40,520 --> 01:21:43,600 AND ALL OF THE ACTIVATED AREAS, 2043 01:21:43,600 --> 01:21:45,040 ALMOST ALL, ARE NICE DEFAULT 2044 01:21:45,040 --> 01:21:49,160 MODE MAPS. 2045 01:21:49,160 --> 01:21:50,280 THE ASSERTION OR CONCLUSION 2046 01:21:50,280 --> 01:21:54,120 THOSE WOULD BE THE HISTORY OF 2047 01:21:54,120 --> 01:21:55,120 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER ACTIVATING 2048 01:21:55,120 --> 01:21:56,600 THE DEFAULT AREAS MORE INCLUDING 2049 01:21:56,600 --> 01:21:58,280 THIS SORT OF CHALLENGING AREA. 2050 01:21:58,280 --> 01:22:00,560 THAT DIDN'T QUITE MAKE SENSE TO 2051 01:22:00,560 --> 01:22:00,800 ME. 2052 01:22:00,800 --> 01:22:04,280 SO I WENT BACK THROUGH DATA WE 2053 01:22:04,280 --> 01:22:06,680 PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED, USING A 2054 01:22:06,680 --> 01:22:09,200 STOP SIGNAL TASK, KIND OF 2055 01:22:09,200 --> 01:22:11,280 SIMILAR THAN THE GO/NO GO TASK 2056 01:22:11,280 --> 01:22:15,680 AND FOUND THE SAME THING. 2057 01:22:15,680 --> 01:22:20,040 THAT IN THIS POSTERIOR PROMINENT 2058 01:22:20,040 --> 01:22:20,880 NODE, PRE-DUNOUS, POSTERIOR 2059 01:22:20,880 --> 01:22:28,800 CINGULATE AREA, WE SAW THIS 2060 01:22:28,800 --> 01:22:29,360 GREATER ACTIVATION. 2061 01:22:29,360 --> 01:22:31,320 THAT WAS UNDERGO. 2062 01:22:31,320 --> 01:22:32,960 UNDER STOP IT BECAME MORE 2063 01:22:32,960 --> 01:22:34,040 PROMINENT. 2064 01:22:34,040 --> 01:22:35,600 WE HAD A BIGGER GO RESPONSE, 2065 01:22:35,600 --> 01:22:37,440 DIDN'T MAKE SENSE. 2066 01:22:37,440 --> 01:22:38,880 I THOUGHT YOU KNOW WHAT, I'LL 2067 01:22:38,880 --> 01:22:40,920 BET IT'S NOT GREATER ACTIVATION, 2068 01:22:40,920 --> 01:22:42,880 I'LL BET IT'S GREATER 2069 01:22:42,880 --> 01:22:45,440 DEACTIVATION IN THE FAMILY 2070 01:22:45,440 --> 01:22:46,320 HISTORY POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS. 2071 01:22:46,320 --> 01:22:48,920 THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT WAS GOING 2072 01:22:48,920 --> 01:22:49,120 ON. 2073 01:22:49,120 --> 01:22:50,440 SO THE FAMILY HISTORY NEGATIVE 2074 01:22:50,440 --> 01:22:51,400 INDIVIDUALS, WHAT THEY ARE DOING 2075 01:22:51,400 --> 01:22:57,800 IS SHOWING A MUCH GREATER 2076 01:22:57,800 --> 01:22:59,800 ALTERNATION IN DEFAULT MODE 2077 01:22:59,800 --> 01:23:02,320 NETWORK, ON AND OFF STATES IN 2078 01:23:02,320 --> 01:23:04,160 THIS NETWORK ARE GREATER. 2079 01:23:04,160 --> 01:23:06,640 THE APPARENT GREATER ACTIVATION 2080 01:23:06,640 --> 01:23:08,440 IS REALLY BECAUSE FAMILY HISTORY 2081 01:23:08,440 --> 01:23:09,400 POSITIVES ARE NOT CHANGING MUCH 2082 01:23:09,400 --> 01:23:11,480 AND THE FAMILY HISTORY NEGATIVES 2083 01:23:11,480 --> 01:23:14,320 ARE DROPPING LOW. 2084 01:23:14,320 --> 01:23:14,560 OKAY. 2085 01:23:14,560 --> 01:23:17,520 SO THAT'S WHAT LED TO THIS NEXT 2086 01:23:17,520 --> 01:23:20,800 STUDY WHICH WAS A MORE 2087 01:23:20,800 --> 01:23:23,840 DELIBERATE ATTEMPT TO LOOK AT 2088 01:23:23,840 --> 01:23:30,840 MAYBE NOT SO MUCH THE ASPECT OF 2089 01:23:30,840 --> 01:23:35,800 EXECUTIVE CONTROL AND INHIBITION 2090 01:23:35,800 --> 01:23:41,600 BUT MORE THE ALTERNATION, A LOT 2091 01:23:41,600 --> 01:23:45,280 OF WHAT GOES ON IN THIS TENSION, 2092 01:23:45,280 --> 01:23:48,360 REFLECTING, GOING BACK AND 2093 01:23:48,360 --> 01:23:49,360 FORTH. 2094 01:23:49,360 --> 01:23:53,520 WE STARTED A COLLABORATION WITH 2095 01:23:53,520 --> 01:23:55,120 JOAQUIN GONI, PURDUE UNIVERSITY, 2096 01:23:55,120 --> 01:24:03,560 WHO RUNS THE COMPLEXITY LAB AND 2097 01:24:03,560 --> 01:24:05,560 DOES INNOVATIVE GREAT WORK, 2098 01:24:05,560 --> 01:24:06,400 METRICS AND NETWORK ANALYSES, 2099 01:24:06,400 --> 01:24:08,600 NOW HE'S UP TO HIS NECK IN 2100 01:24:08,600 --> 01:24:09,920 ALCOHOL RESEARCH, WITH OUR 2101 01:24:09,920 --> 01:24:10,360 GROUP. 2102 01:24:10,360 --> 01:24:16,040 AND HE'S A GREAT GUY TO BE 2103 01:24:16,040 --> 01:24:17,160 WORKING WITH. 2104 01:24:17,160 --> 01:24:18,800 ENRICO WAS A POSTDOC IN HIS LAB 2105 01:24:18,800 --> 01:24:19,680 AT THE TIME. 2106 01:24:19,680 --> 01:24:20,760 WE WERE LESS INTERESTED IN 2107 01:24:20,760 --> 01:24:22,920 TALKING ABOUT SPECIFIC NODES OF 2108 01:24:22,920 --> 01:24:24,920 ACTIVATION AND MORE INTERESTED 2109 01:24:24,920 --> 01:24:28,960 IN THE DYNAMIC CONNECTIVITY AND 2110 01:24:28,960 --> 01:24:31,080 INTERRELATEDNESS OF THE WHOLE 2111 01:24:31,080 --> 01:24:33,240 BRAIN PARCELED INTO THESE SEVEN 2112 01:24:33,240 --> 01:24:34,440 CANONICAL NETWORKS. 2113 01:24:34,440 --> 01:24:35,440 THE WAY YOU PARCEL THE 2114 01:24:35,440 --> 01:24:38,280 INDIVIDUAL REGIONS AND THE WAY 2115 01:24:38,280 --> 01:24:40,520 YOU PARCEL THESE NETWORKS IS 2116 01:24:40,520 --> 01:24:41,320 EMPIRICALLY DETERMINED AND THERE 2117 01:24:41,320 --> 01:24:46,320 ARE OTHER WAYS OF DOING IT, YAO 2118 01:24:46,320 --> 01:24:49,440 HAS A 17 NETWORK PARCELLATION, 2119 01:24:49,440 --> 01:24:51,280 IT'S A QUESTION OF HOW MANY DATA 2120 01:24:51,280 --> 01:24:53,160 YOU CAN HANDLE AND STAND TO 2121 01:24:53,160 --> 01:24:53,880 INTERPRET. 2122 01:24:53,880 --> 01:24:56,520 AND THESE ARE THE -- NO MATTER 2123 01:24:56,520 --> 01:25:02,240 HOW YOU DO IT THESE TEND TO BE 2124 01:25:02,240 --> 01:25:04,840 ROUGH CANONICAL NETWORKS, 2125 01:25:04,840 --> 01:25:09,240 VISUAL, SOMATOMOTOR, DORSAL 2126 01:25:09,240 --> 01:25:13,600 ATTENTION, VENTRAL ATTENTION, 2127 01:25:13,600 --> 01:25:15,240 LIMBIC, FRONTOPARIETAL AND THESE 2128 01:25:15,240 --> 01:25:17,440 THAT I MENTIONED. 2129 01:25:17,440 --> 01:25:19,640 THIS STUDY WAS DIFFERENT. 2130 01:25:19,640 --> 01:25:22,240 WE DID IT IN TWO SCANS, ONE VERY 2131 01:25:22,240 --> 01:25:24,240 LONG SCAN. 2132 01:25:24,240 --> 01:25:25,360 FIRST THE TYPICAL RESTING 2133 01:25:25,360 --> 01:25:28,200 CONNECTIVITY SCAN THAT YOU SEE. 2134 01:25:28,200 --> 01:25:31,720 DIVIDED THE TWO 4-MINUTE EPICS, 2135 01:25:31,720 --> 01:25:34,320 SUBJECTS LAY PASSIVELY AND 2136 01:25:34,320 --> 01:25:35,200 LOOKED AT CROSS-HAIRS. 2137 01:25:35,200 --> 01:25:38,960 WE DID A LONG SCAN, SUBJECTS 2138 01:25:38,960 --> 01:25:40,920 PERFORMED THE STOP SIGNAL TASK 2139 01:25:40,920 --> 01:25:43,080 WHICH REQUIRES MAKING GO 2140 01:25:43,080 --> 01:25:44,640 RESPONSES AND THEN QUICKLY 2141 01:25:44,640 --> 01:25:45,800 WITHDRAWING ONE'S RESPONSE WHEN 2142 01:25:45,800 --> 01:25:49,000 YOU SEE A STOP SIGNAL, QUITE 2143 01:25:49,000 --> 01:25:49,600 DEMANDING. 2144 01:25:49,600 --> 01:25:50,800 VERY FRUSTRATING TO SUBJECTS. 2145 01:25:50,800 --> 01:25:53,480 AND THEN WHILE WE LET THE 2146 01:25:53,480 --> 01:25:55,880 SCANNER RUN WE TOLD THEM WITH 2147 01:25:55,880 --> 01:25:57,440 SOME WRITTEN INSTRUCTIONS, OKAY, 2148 01:25:57,440 --> 01:25:58,960 RELAX, STOP DOING THE TASK, JUST 2149 01:25:58,960 --> 01:26:01,560 GO AHEAD AND START RESTING. 2150 01:26:01,560 --> 01:26:03,320 AND WHAT WE'RE REALLY INTERESTED 2151 01:26:03,320 --> 01:26:05,400 IN IS THIS TRANSITION, DYNAMIC 2152 01:26:05,400 --> 01:26:05,920 TRANSITION. 2153 01:26:05,920 --> 01:26:09,000 AND DURING EACH OF THESE PERIODS 2154 01:26:09,000 --> 01:26:12,840 YOU CAN DERIVE THESE WHOLE BRAIN 2155 01:26:12,840 --> 01:26:14,560 CONNECTIVITY MATRICES, AND 2156 01:26:14,560 --> 01:26:15,240 ANALYZE THEM. 2157 01:26:15,240 --> 01:26:17,880 WHEN MOST PEOPLE DO THIS THEY 2158 01:26:17,880 --> 01:26:20,480 ARE LOOKING AT THE AVERAGE 2159 01:26:20,480 --> 01:26:21,920 CONNECTIVITY MATRICES, OKAY? 2160 01:26:21,920 --> 01:26:22,920 GROUP 1 AVERAGE, GROUP 2 2161 01:26:22,920 --> 01:26:25,520 AVERAGE, ET CETERA. 2162 01:26:25,520 --> 01:26:31,320 BUT THE INSIGHT THAT PROFESSOR 2163 01:26:31,320 --> 01:26:38,640 GONY HAD, YOU CAN DECOMPOSE 2164 01:26:38,640 --> 01:26:39,080 MATRICES. 2165 01:26:39,080 --> 01:26:41,040 MY VOICE HAS HIGH TONES, LOW 2166 01:26:41,040 --> 01:26:42,720 TONES, THROAT CONGESTION, YOU 2167 01:26:42,720 --> 01:26:43,720 CAN DECOMPOSE THOSE FREQUENCIES. 2168 01:26:43,720 --> 01:26:52,360 HE'S DOING THE SAME THING WITH 2169 01:26:52,360 --> 01:26:54,200 THESE MATRICES AND DECOMPOSING 2170 01:26:54,200 --> 01:26:56,800 THEM, EACH SUBJECT WILL HAVE A 2171 01:26:56,800 --> 01:26:59,240 LOADING INDICATING HOW MUCH OF 2172 01:26:59,240 --> 01:27:00,640 THE COMPONENT SUBCOMPONENT IS 2173 01:27:00,640 --> 01:27:02,080 PRESENT IN THAT PERSON, THE 2174 01:27:02,080 --> 01:27:04,280 FIRST COMPONENT TURNS OUT TO BE 2175 01:27:04,280 --> 01:27:06,040 THESE CANONICAL NETWORKS, THAT 2176 01:27:06,040 --> 01:27:07,040 WE ALL HAVE. 2177 01:27:07,040 --> 01:27:10,000 AND THEN YOU CAN GET OTHER 2178 01:27:10,000 --> 01:27:10,280 COMPONENTS. 2179 01:27:10,280 --> 01:27:11,640 THAT'S WHAT WE WERE INTERESTED 2180 01:27:11,640 --> 01:27:12,600 IN. 2181 01:27:12,600 --> 01:27:15,440 IN PARTICULAR INTERESTED IN 2182 01:27:15,440 --> 01:27:16,000 FINDING COMPONENTS THAT 2183 01:27:16,000 --> 01:27:17,120 DIFFERENTIATED THOSE WITH AND 2184 01:27:17,120 --> 01:27:22,680 WITHOUT A FAMILY HISTORY OF AUD. 2185 01:27:22,680 --> 01:27:27,040 AND WE TESTED 15 EMPIRICALLY 2186 01:27:27,040 --> 01:27:27,800 DETERMINED -- 15 COMPONENTS 2187 01:27:27,800 --> 01:27:29,440 ESTIMATED FROM EACH OF THESE 2188 01:27:29,440 --> 01:27:31,040 PERIODS AND TESTED THEM FOR WHAT 2189 01:27:31,040 --> 01:27:33,760 WOULD DIFFER ACROSS FAMILY 2190 01:27:33,760 --> 01:27:36,160 HISTORY. 2191 01:27:36,160 --> 01:27:37,880 AND ONLY ONE COMPONENT DID 2192 01:27:37,880 --> 01:27:39,080 DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE FAMILY 2193 01:27:39,080 --> 01:27:43,160 HISTORY GROUPS AND IT APPEARED 2194 01:27:43,160 --> 01:27:45,680 SHORTLY AFTER THE TASK AS PEOPLE 2195 01:27:45,680 --> 01:27:47,000 WERE STOPPING THE TASK AND 2196 01:27:47,000 --> 01:27:49,480 SETTLING INTO THE REST. 2197 01:27:49,480 --> 01:27:55,960 WE CONFIRMED THIS WITH A MOVING 2198 01:27:55,960 --> 01:27:57,360 WINDOW ANALYSIS SHOWING THAT 2199 01:27:57,360 --> 01:27:59,680 WITHIN THE MINUTES HAVING 2200 01:27:59,680 --> 01:28:02,640 STOPPED THE TASK, THIS COMPONENT 2201 01:28:02,640 --> 01:28:04,040 EMERGES AND THEN GOES AWAY. 2202 01:28:04,040 --> 01:28:05,360 DOESN'T APPEAR IN THE FIRST 2203 01:28:05,360 --> 01:28:09,280 REST, DOESN'T APPEAR IN THE LAST 2204 01:28:09,280 --> 01:28:09,480 REST. 2205 01:28:09,480 --> 01:28:10,720 THIS IS SORT OF WHAT THIS 2206 01:28:10,720 --> 01:28:11,680 COMPONENT LOOKS LIKE. 2207 01:28:11,680 --> 01:28:14,000 IT TAKES A WHILE TO UNDERSTAND 2208 01:28:14,000 --> 01:28:14,800 ALL OF THE SUBTLETIES. 2209 01:28:14,800 --> 01:28:17,640 ONE THING THAT STUCK OUT TO ME 2210 01:28:17,640 --> 01:28:21,040 WAS THAT NORMALLY THESE 2211 01:28:21,040 --> 01:28:24,640 FRONTOPARIETAL AREAS INVOLVED IN 2212 01:28:24,640 --> 01:28:29,000 EXECUTIVE CONTROL ARE ANTE 2213 01:28:29,000 --> 01:28:30,440 RELATED TO DEFAULT NETWORK BUT 2214 01:28:30,440 --> 01:28:33,360 IN THIS COMPONENT THEY ARE A 2215 01:28:33,360 --> 01:28:34,200 LITTLE MORE POSITIVELY 2216 01:28:34,200 --> 01:28:35,400 COORELATED WITH EACH OTHER. 2217 01:28:35,400 --> 01:28:37,840 THERE'S SOME OTHER THINGS THAT 2218 01:28:37,840 --> 01:28:39,040 INVOLVE VISUAL AND SOMATOMOTOR 2219 01:28:39,040 --> 01:28:41,280 NETWORKS THAT WE TEND NOT TO 2220 01:28:41,280 --> 01:28:43,640 THINK MUCH ABOUT IN ALCOHOL USE 2221 01:28:43,640 --> 01:28:44,600 DISORDER PER SE. 2222 01:28:44,600 --> 01:28:47,440 AND YOU CAN PLOT THESE 2223 01:28:47,440 --> 01:28:49,440 COMPONENTS OVER THE BRAIN TO 2224 01:28:49,440 --> 01:28:51,400 FIND OUT PRECISELY WHERE THEY 2225 01:28:51,400 --> 01:28:51,760 ARE. 2226 01:28:51,760 --> 01:28:54,240 BOTH THOSE THAT ARE THE POSITIVE 2227 01:28:54,240 --> 01:28:54,880 FUNCTIONAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN 2228 01:28:54,880 --> 01:28:57,400 THE REGIONS AND THOSE THAT ARE 2229 01:28:57,400 --> 01:28:57,760 THE NECK. 2230 01:28:57,760 --> 01:29:01,920 BUT THE INTERESTING THING ABOUT 2231 01:29:01,920 --> 01:29:03,640 THIS IS CONSISTENT WITH THE 2232 01:29:03,640 --> 01:29:04,880 PRIOR BOLD STOP SIGNAL 2233 01:29:04,880 --> 01:29:06,280 ACTIVATION DATA AND WHAT I THINK 2234 01:29:06,280 --> 01:29:14,640 WAS GOING WITH THE ACHESON 2235 01:29:14,640 --> 01:29:16,240 REPORT, THOSE WITH NO FAMILY 2236 01:29:16,240 --> 01:29:18,320 HISTORY OF ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 2237 01:29:18,320 --> 01:29:21,880 HAD GREATER LOADING OF THIS 2238 01:29:21,880 --> 01:29:22,560 COMPONENT. 2239 01:29:22,560 --> 01:29:22,840 OKAY. 2240 01:29:22,840 --> 01:29:24,840 THOSE WHO ARE FAMILY HISTORY 2241 01:29:24,840 --> 01:29:29,320 POSITIVE HAD MUCH LESS OF A 2242 01:29:29,320 --> 01:29:31,160 LOADING OF IT. 2243 01:29:31,160 --> 01:29:33,360 WHAT THIS SUGGESTS IS THAT AS 2244 01:29:33,360 --> 01:29:35,960 SUBJECTS ARE TRANSITIONING FROM 2245 01:29:35,960 --> 01:29:38,400 THIS ACTIVATED STATE AND 2246 01:29:38,400 --> 01:29:42,560 ENTERING A REST PERIOD, THERE'S 2247 01:29:42,560 --> 01:29:45,800 SOME FUNCTIONAL RECONFIGURATION, 2248 01:29:45,800 --> 01:29:56,280 TRANSIENT RECONFIGURATION THAT 2249 01:30:04,360 --> 01:30:05,720 HAPPENS INVOLVING, SEX IS 2250 01:30:05,720 --> 01:30:06,080 RELATED. 2251 01:30:06,080 --> 01:30:10,760 AS WELL AS MOTION ARTIFACTS, 2252 01:30:10,760 --> 01:30:13,160 PERFORMANCE, STOP SIGNAL 2253 01:30:13,160 --> 01:30:14,400 REACTION TIME, AUDIT, THE THERE 2254 01:30:14,400 --> 01:30:16,000 WERE DIFFERENCES IN DRINKING 2255 01:30:16,000 --> 01:30:19,400 BETWEEN THE TWO SAMPLES AS OFTEN 2256 01:30:19,400 --> 01:30:22,800 IS THE CASE WHEN YOU DON'T 2257 01:30:22,800 --> 01:30:23,640 CAREFULLY CONTROL BECAUSE THOSE 2258 01:30:23,640 --> 01:30:25,760 WITH FAMILY HISTORY TEND TO 2259 01:30:25,760 --> 01:30:26,200 DRINK MORE. 2260 01:30:26,200 --> 01:30:27,840 WHEN CONTROLLING FOR THAT YOU 2261 01:30:27,840 --> 01:30:29,480 STILL FIND THOSE WITHOUT A 2262 01:30:29,480 --> 01:30:32,640 FAMILY HISTORY HAVE MORE OF THIS 2263 01:30:32,640 --> 01:30:37,600 TRANSITIONAL RECONFIGURATION. 2264 01:30:37,600 --> 01:30:40,280 A SUBSAMPLE HAD DELAYED 2265 01:30:40,280 --> 01:30:41,960 DISCOUNTING TO MEASURE REWARD 2266 01:30:41,960 --> 01:30:43,920 AND PATIENTS AND THAT SUBSAMPLE 2267 01:30:43,920 --> 01:30:47,520 INTERESTINGLY A COUPLE OTHER 2268 01:30:47,520 --> 01:30:49,600 THINGS POPPED UP, DEPRESSIVE 2269 01:30:49,600 --> 01:31:00,120 SYMPTOMS ON THE CES INVENTORY, 2270 01:31:04,120 --> 01:31:10,600 BEING MALE, HAVING MORE NEGATIVE 2271 01:31:10,600 --> 01:31:16,080 AFFECT, HAVING LESS FUNCTIONAL 2272 01:31:16,080 --> 01:31:17,080 NETWORK RECONFIGURATION. 2273 01:31:17,080 --> 01:31:20,560 ALL THESE THINGS IN THE 2274 01:31:20,560 --> 01:31:21,280 ANTICIPATED DIRECTION. 2275 01:31:21,280 --> 01:31:23,400 SO THOSE WITHOUT A FAMILY 2276 01:31:23,400 --> 01:31:25,400 HISTORY RECONFIGURED HOW THE 2277 01:31:25,400 --> 01:31:27,760 BRAIN AREAS COMMUNICATED WHEN 2278 01:31:27,760 --> 01:31:31,160 CHANGING MENTAL STATES, AS I 2279 01:31:31,160 --> 01:31:33,880 MENTIONED ALREADY MEN MORE 2280 01:31:33,880 --> 01:31:36,880 NEGATIVE AFFECT, LESS DELAYED 2281 01:31:36,880 --> 01:31:38,600 GRATIFICATION, ALL RELATED IN 2282 01:31:38,600 --> 01:31:40,560 THE SAME DIRECTION. 2283 01:31:40,560 --> 01:31:46,160 AND SO THIS SORT OF ADDS TO THE 2284 01:31:46,160 --> 01:31:47,240 IDEA FAMILY HISTORY RELATED 2285 01:31:47,240 --> 01:31:49,360 BRAIN SIGNATURES MIGHT BE LESS 2286 01:31:49,360 --> 01:31:51,160 RELATED TO THE TASK AND WHAT YOU 2287 01:31:51,160 --> 01:31:52,800 THINK YOU'RE MEASURING, PERHAPS 2288 01:31:52,800 --> 01:31:56,600 MORE RELATED TO THE TRANSITIONS 2289 01:31:56,600 --> 01:31:58,640 THAT OCCUR BETWEEN EVENTS. 2290 01:31:58,640 --> 01:32:00,400 AND FLEXIBILITY REQUIRED TO GO 2291 01:32:00,400 --> 01:32:01,920 BACK AND FORTH. 2292 01:32:01,920 --> 01:32:04,080 SO THIS IS A DIRECTION THAT 2293 01:32:04,080 --> 01:32:07,400 WE'RE NOW PURSUING WITH DR. GUNY 2294 01:32:07,400 --> 01:32:08,840 AND HIS GROUP ON TWO NEW 2295 01:32:08,840 --> 01:32:11,880 PROJECTS LOOKING AT ALCOHOL USE 2296 01:32:11,880 --> 01:32:13,640 DISORDER DIAGNOSIS AS WELL AS 2297 01:32:13,640 --> 01:32:15,200 MUCH LARGER STUDY OF FAMILY 2298 01:32:15,200 --> 01:32:16,920 HISTORY RISK AND HOW THAT 2299 01:32:16,920 --> 01:32:21,920 RELATES TO COGNITIVE CAPACITY. 2300 01:32:21,920 --> 01:32:23,520 HOPEFULLY I CAN COME BACK AND 2301 01:32:23,520 --> 01:32:25,200 TELL YOU HOW THAT'S GOING. 2302 01:32:25,200 --> 01:32:29,560 THANKS TO MY GROUP AND TO THE 2303 01:32:29,560 --> 01:32:39,720 NIAAA FOR ITS SUPPORT. 2304 01:32:39,720 --> 01:32:40,120 THANK YOU. 2305 01:32:40,120 --> 01:32:42,040 >> THANK YOU, DAVID. 2306 01:32:42,040 --> 01:32:43,120 REALLY INTERESTING. 2307 01:32:43,120 --> 01:32:45,680 YOU GAVE ME FLASHBACKS TO A 2308 01:32:45,680 --> 01:32:47,960 DISCUSSION I HAD WITH ENOCH 2309 01:32:47,960 --> 01:32:56,360 CONVINCED THERE WAS A 2310 01:32:56,360 --> 01:32:58,160 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEURAL 2311 01:32:58,160 --> 01:33:00,840 CONTROL OF EATING AND ALCOHOL, 2312 01:33:00,840 --> 01:33:01,600 MOTIVATION FOR EATING, 2313 01:33:01,600 --> 01:33:03,160 MOTIVATION FOR ALCOHOL. 2314 01:33:03,160 --> 01:33:08,640 I FOUND THAT FAMILY HISTORY 2315 01:33:08,640 --> 01:33:09,840 POSITIVE PIECE WITH THE SWEET 2316 01:33:09,840 --> 01:33:14,520 SOLUTION FASCINATING. 2317 01:33:14,520 --> 01:33:19,320 YOU'RE ALSO AWARE LORENZO GOT 2318 01:33:19,320 --> 01:33:24,600 INTO THE SEMI GLUETIDE STORY, 2319 01:33:24,600 --> 01:33:26,760 GLP-1 AGONIST DECREASE ALCOHOL. 2320 01:33:26,760 --> 01:33:30,760 I WONDERED, ANY LINK THERE WITH 2321 01:33:30,760 --> 01:33:35,440 THE GENETICS OF THAT PART AND 2322 01:33:35,440 --> 01:33:36,880 THEN I'LL STOP BUT THERE'S 2323 01:33:36,880 --> 01:33:39,720 OTHERS WHO MAY WANT TO ASK YOU 2324 01:33:39,720 --> 01:33:41,120 SOME QUICK QUESTIONS. 2325 01:33:41,120 --> 01:33:45,640 >> YEAH, WE HAVE -- WE DO HAVE 2326 01:33:45,640 --> 01:33:47,480 BLOOD SAMPLES, DRIED BLOOD 2327 01:33:47,480 --> 01:33:49,120 UNFORTUNATELY, FOR THESE 2328 01:33:49,120 --> 01:33:49,560 SUBJECTS. 2329 01:33:49,560 --> 01:33:54,640 WE HAVE HAD THEM GENOTYPED ON A 2330 01:33:54,640 --> 01:33:56,920 CHIP AND WE'VE SORT OF TAKEN A 2331 01:33:56,920 --> 01:33:58,360 PRELIMINARY LOOK AND NOT FIND 2332 01:33:58,360 --> 01:33:58,920 MUCH. 2333 01:33:58,920 --> 01:34:00,360 IT'S HARD WITH ONLY 140 SUBJECTS 2334 01:34:00,360 --> 01:34:04,040 ON THE GENETIC END. 2335 01:34:04,040 --> 01:34:08,120 BUT I KNOW DR. LEGY AND I TALK 2336 01:34:08,120 --> 01:34:09,760 FROM TIME TO TIME, I'M CONVINCED 2337 01:34:09,760 --> 01:34:11,640 THERE'S A BIGGER STORY IN THE 2338 01:34:11,640 --> 01:34:12,840 GUT-BRAIN CONNECTION THAN WE 2339 01:34:12,840 --> 01:34:13,840 PREVIOUSLY LATCHED ON TO, A LOT 2340 01:34:13,840 --> 01:34:23,360 TO BE EXPLORED BY THE VAGUS 2341 01:34:23,360 --> 01:34:23,760 NERVE. 2342 01:34:23,760 --> 01:34:24,960 >> ANY OTHER QUESTIONS, DAVE? 2343 01:34:24,960 --> 01:34:28,160 >> I ENJOYED THE TALK. 2344 01:34:28,160 --> 01:34:30,800 FASCINATING TO ACTUALLY THRILLED 2345 01:34:30,800 --> 01:34:35,720 TO KNOW THAT YOU'VE ALREADY DONE 2346 01:34:35,720 --> 01:34:38,440 THE GENOTYPING ARRAYS, AND 2347 01:34:38,440 --> 01:34:40,200 BECAUSE THE POLYGENIC SCORES FOR 2348 01:34:40,200 --> 01:34:43,480 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER RISK ARE 2349 01:34:43,480 --> 01:34:44,200 BECOMING INCREASINGLY 2350 01:34:44,200 --> 01:34:47,560 PREDICTIVE, AND THEN CAN GIVE 2351 01:34:47,560 --> 01:34:51,480 YOU THE ABILITY TO ACTUALLY 2352 01:34:51,480 --> 01:34:55,680 DEFINE WHO IN YOUR SAMPLE IS AT 2353 01:34:55,680 --> 01:34:57,720 GENETIC RISK AS OPPOSED TO 2354 01:34:57,720 --> 01:34:58,400 FAMILIAL RISK. 2355 01:34:58,400 --> 01:35:00,040 I WONDER IF YOU MIGHT COMMENT 2356 01:35:00,040 --> 01:35:02,760 THAT THOSE TWO TYPES OF RISK 2357 01:35:02,760 --> 01:35:09,920 MIGHT ACTUALLY BE DIFFERENT. 2358 01:35:09,920 --> 01:35:10,320 THANK YOU. 2359 01:35:10,320 --> 01:35:11,600 >> THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT. 2360 01:35:11,600 --> 01:35:15,440 WE PRESUME -- I MEAN FAMILIAL 2361 01:35:15,440 --> 01:35:18,840 RISK IS AN AGGREGATE PROXY BUT 2362 01:35:18,840 --> 01:35:20,720 UNLESS YOU'RE LOOKING AT TWINS 2363 01:35:20,720 --> 01:35:22,040 REARED APART IT DOES BRING 2364 01:35:22,040 --> 01:35:24,880 ENVIRONMENT. 2365 01:35:24,880 --> 01:35:25,880 YOU CAN'T IGNORE THAT. 2366 01:35:25,880 --> 01:35:28,160 THAT'S PART OF IT. 2367 01:35:28,160 --> 01:35:29,600 CERTAINLY WE WOULD BE INTERESTED 2368 01:35:29,600 --> 01:35:36,160 AND MAYBE SHOULD CONSIDER 2369 01:35:36,160 --> 01:35:38,000 EXAMINING POLY GENETIC RISK 2370 01:35:38,000 --> 01:35:45,600 SCORES BEING PUBLISHED BY KOGA 2371 01:35:45,600 --> 01:35:47,560 AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS, 2372 01:35:47,560 --> 01:35:50,160 DETERMINING WHAT FRUIT MIGHT BE 2373 01:35:50,160 --> 01:35:51,720 BORNE THERE BUT SMALLER STUDIES, 2374 01:35:51,720 --> 01:35:52,840 SMALLER IN GENETICS WORD, IT CAN 2375 01:35:52,840 --> 01:35:57,520 BE HARD TO BRING THESE OUT. 2376 01:35:57,520 --> 01:35:59,480 AND HARDER WITH -- HARDER WHEN 2377 01:35:59,480 --> 01:36:01,280 YOU CONSIDER THAT THE DIFFERENT 2378 01:36:01,280 --> 01:36:08,800 ANCESTRIES THAT WE RECRUIT AS 2379 01:36:08,800 --> 01:36:09,000 WELL. 2380 01:36:09,000 --> 01:36:12,120 >> VERY VALID POINT. 2381 01:36:12,120 --> 01:36:13,600 POLYGENIC SCORES ARE NOT THAT 2382 01:36:13,600 --> 01:36:15,800 PREDICTIVE YET BUT THERE ARE 2383 01:36:15,800 --> 01:36:21,720 VERY LARGE SOURCE DATASETS FOR 2384 01:36:21,720 --> 01:36:23,600 COMPUTING POLYGENIC SCORES IN 2385 01:36:23,600 --> 01:36:24,240 YOUR DATASET, GETTING BETTER ALL 2386 01:36:24,240 --> 01:36:24,680 THE TIME. 2387 01:36:24,680 --> 01:36:26,560 IT'S GREAT THAT YOU WILL HAVE 2388 01:36:26,560 --> 01:36:34,000 THAT REALLY AS A RESOURCE FOR 2389 01:36:34,000 --> 01:36:34,560 THE FUTURE. 2390 01:36:34,560 --> 01:36:34,920 >> ANOTHER DAVE. 2391 01:36:34,920 --> 01:36:35,560 >> YEAH, THANKS. 2392 01:36:35,560 --> 01:36:36,280 REALLY GOOD TALK. 2393 01:36:36,280 --> 01:36:39,560 I WAS INTERESTED IN THAT LAST 2394 01:36:39,560 --> 01:36:40,520 PART, DIFFERENT NETWORKS. 2395 01:36:40,520 --> 01:36:43,200 IT GIVES US A LOT TO THINK 2396 01:36:43,200 --> 01:36:43,520 ABOUT. 2397 01:36:43,520 --> 01:36:46,280 ONE QUESTION, ARE THOSE AGAIN 2398 01:36:46,280 --> 01:36:48,160 REALLY CORTICAL NETWORKS BECAUSE 2399 01:36:48,160 --> 01:36:48,320 I -- 2400 01:36:48,320 --> 01:36:48,920 >> YES. 2401 01:36:48,920 --> 01:36:51,200 >> WHAT SUBCORTICAL COMPONENTS 2402 01:36:51,200 --> 01:36:52,880 IF ANY ARE CONSIDERED. 2403 01:36:52,880 --> 01:36:57,480 >> YEAH, SO THERE ARE -- DEPENDS 2404 01:36:57,480 --> 01:36:59,960 HOW YOU PARCELLATE IT. 2405 01:36:59,960 --> 01:37:06,080 THERE WERE SOME SUBCORTICAL 2406 01:37:06,080 --> 01:37:11,480 AREAS THAT ARE THERE. 2407 01:37:11,480 --> 01:37:15,520 THERE'S AN ATLAS, TION ATLAS, 2408 01:37:15,520 --> 01:37:17,160 PARCELLATE NOT BY REGIONS WE 2409 01:37:17,160 --> 01:37:19,440 LEARNED IN BASIC ANATOMY BUT 2410 01:37:19,440 --> 01:37:25,440 MUCH MORE EMPIRICALLY DRIVEN BY 2411 01:37:25,440 --> 01:37:32,840 THEIR INHERENT MUTUAL 2412 01:37:32,840 --> 01:37:33,800 COMMUNICATION AND CONNECTIVITY 2413 01:37:33,800 --> 01:37:35,440 IT DIDN'T APPEAR MUCH IN THIS 2414 01:37:35,440 --> 01:37:38,280 TASK PARTICULARLY GIVEN THE 2415 01:37:38,280 --> 01:37:41,480 NATURE OF THE TASK NOT VERY 2416 01:37:41,480 --> 01:37:42,680 APPERTIVE TASK. 2417 01:37:42,680 --> 01:37:45,760 WE'LL TURN TO REFINING 2418 01:37:45,760 --> 01:37:47,000 SUBCORTICAL AREAS BUT THEY ARE 2419 01:37:47,000 --> 01:37:47,200 GROSS. 2420 01:37:47,200 --> 01:37:55,360 YOU WOULD BE LESS IMPRESSED BY 2421 01:37:55,360 --> 01:37:56,160 THE SUBCORTICAL PARSELATION. 2422 01:37:56,160 --> 01:37:58,240 >> THE FIRST QUESTION WAS FROM 2423 01:37:58,240 --> 01:38:00,080 DAVID GOLDMAN. 2424 01:38:00,080 --> 01:38:06,240 SECOND WAS FROM DAVID LOVINGER, 2425 01:38:06,240 --> 01:38:07,280 SO EVERYBODY KNOWS. 2426 01:38:07,280 --> 01:38:09,400 ONE MORE ONLINE OR IN PERSON. 2427 01:38:09,400 --> 01:38:16,280 ANYONE OUT THERE WITH ANOTHER 2428 01:38:16,280 --> 01:38:18,040 QUESTION FOR DAVID? 2429 01:38:18,040 --> 01:38:18,720 KATIE? 2430 01:38:18,720 --> 01:38:19,040 >> GREAT TALK. 2431 01:38:19,040 --> 01:38:21,000 IN THE LAST SLIDE I NOTICED A 2432 01:38:21,000 --> 01:38:24,280 LOT MORE HETEROGENEITY IN THE 2433 01:38:24,280 --> 01:38:24,800 FAMILY HISTORY POSITIVES. 2434 01:38:24,800 --> 01:38:25,040 >> YES. 2435 01:38:25,040 --> 01:38:28,080 >> AND SO I'M CURIOUS ABOUT 2436 01:38:28,080 --> 01:38:28,880 ANYTHING YOU'VE DONE 2437 01:38:28,880 --> 01:38:30,520 ANALYTICALLY TO ADDRESS THAT AND 2438 01:38:30,520 --> 01:38:33,200 THINK IT FITS INTO WITH A TOPIC 2439 01:38:33,200 --> 01:38:36,840 WE WERE HAVING A DISCUSSION 2440 01:38:36,840 --> 01:38:40,040 ABOUT AROUND HETEROGENEITY OF 2441 01:38:40,040 --> 01:38:40,720 AUD -- 2442 01:38:40,720 --> 01:38:41,840 >> THINGS LIKE DRINKING? 2443 01:38:41,840 --> 01:38:44,240 >> NO, THE ACTUAL SLIDE YOU 2444 01:38:44,240 --> 01:38:46,240 SHOWED THERE WAS HETEROGENEITY 2445 01:38:46,240 --> 01:38:47,880 IN THE RESPONSES OF THE PEOPLE 2446 01:38:47,880 --> 01:38:52,160 IN THE FAMILY HISTORY POSITIVE 2447 01:38:52,160 --> 01:38:52,360 GROUP. 2448 01:38:52,360 --> 01:38:54,400 >> I'M SORRY, THIS IS THE 2449 01:38:54,400 --> 01:38:55,320 CONNECTIVITY STUDY? 2450 01:38:55,320 --> 01:38:56,720 >> I THINK SO, THE VERY LAST 2451 01:38:56,720 --> 01:38:59,480 SLIDE WITH THE FAMILY HISTORY 2452 01:38:59,480 --> 01:39:01,120 NEGATIVEs WAS HIGHER AND MORE 2453 01:39:01,120 --> 01:39:05,080 CONDENSE AND THEN THE FAMILY 2454 01:39:05,080 --> 01:39:06,160 HISTORY POSITIVE STRETCHED 2455 01:39:06,160 --> 01:39:06,720 ACROSS. 2456 01:39:06,720 --> 01:39:08,200 >> THAT WAS STATISTICAL LOADING. 2457 01:39:08,200 --> 01:39:09,080 >> YEAH, STATISTICAL LOADING IS 2458 01:39:09,080 --> 01:39:11,520 ALSO THERE'S A LOT OF 2459 01:39:11,520 --> 01:39:12,400 VARIABILITY IN THAT. 2460 01:39:12,400 --> 01:39:15,520 >> I DON'T RECALL SHOWING 2461 01:39:15,520 --> 01:39:17,760 VARIABILITY BUT I WILL SAY THAT 2462 01:39:17,760 --> 01:39:19,640 THAT PARTICULAR STUDY WAS A 2463 01:39:19,640 --> 01:39:22,160 TARGET OF OPPORTUNITY. 2464 01:39:22,160 --> 01:39:26,000 NORMALLY WHEN WE GO AND RECRUIT 2465 01:39:26,000 --> 01:39:30,040 PROSPECTIVELY WE DO OUR BEST 2466 01:39:30,040 --> 01:39:33,560 TO -- KNOWING THAT COMING FROM A 2467 01:39:33,560 --> 01:39:35,760 FAMILY WITH HISTORY OF ALCOHOL 2468 01:39:35,760 --> 01:39:36,720 USE DISORDER DOES BRING A LOT OF 2469 01:39:36,720 --> 01:39:37,560 THINGS WITH IT. 2470 01:39:37,560 --> 01:39:42,960 WE DO OUR BEST TO MATCH SUBJECTS 2471 01:39:42,960 --> 01:39:44,680 ON THOSE VARIABLES, AND IT WILL 2472 01:39:44,680 --> 01:39:47,640 BE THE CASE THAT THAT SAMPLE 2473 01:39:47,640 --> 01:39:48,840 THERE WE'RE EXPLORING THIS 2474 01:39:48,840 --> 01:39:50,480 INITIAL IDEA IS GOING TO BE A 2475 01:39:50,480 --> 01:39:51,920 LITTLE BIT MORE VARIABLE BOTH 2476 01:39:51,920 --> 01:39:53,320 WITHIN THE SAMPLES AS WELL AS 2477 01:39:53,320 --> 01:39:55,320 BETWEEN THEM. 2478 01:39:55,320 --> 01:39:56,840 THERE WAS A DRINKING DIFFERENCE 2479 01:39:56,840 --> 01:39:59,120 THERE, WE COULDN'T CONTROL THAT. 2480 01:39:59,120 --> 01:40:00,000 >> ALL RIGHT. 2481 01:40:00,000 --> 01:40:01,880 WE'RE GOING TO MOVE ON IN THE 2482 01:40:01,880 --> 01:40:04,720 INTEREST OF TIME. 2483 01:40:04,720 --> 01:40:06,080 DAVID IS COUNCIL, AND COUNCIL 2484 01:40:06,080 --> 01:40:08,160 MEMBERS ARE WELCOME TO INTERACT 2485 01:40:08,160 --> 01:40:09,920 WITH HIM AND THE REST OF THE 2486 01:40:09,920 --> 01:40:10,520 PEOPLE LISTENING IN. 2487 01:40:10,520 --> 01:40:13,520 I'M SURE HE WOULD BE HAPPY TO 2488 01:40:13,520 --> 01:40:14,040 ANSWER E-MAIL. 2489 01:40:14,040 --> 01:40:16,600 WE'RE GOING TO SET UP PAL AND 2490 01:40:16,600 --> 01:40:19,080 YOU'RE UP NEXT. 2491 01:40:19,080 --> 01:40:21,840 SO DR. PAL PACHER, HEAD OF 2492 01:40:21,840 --> 01:40:24,440 LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR 2493 01:40:24,440 --> 01:40:26,440 PHYSIOLOGY AND TISSUE INJURY, 2494 01:40:26,440 --> 01:40:31,240 NIAAA DIVISION OF INTRAMURAL 2495 01:40:31,240 --> 01:40:32,240 CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL 2496 01:40:32,240 --> 01:40:34,640 RESEARCH, THE IRP. 2497 01:40:34,640 --> 01:40:35,720 THE LABORATORY IDENTIFIED 2498 01:40:35,720 --> 01:40:39,880 OPPOSING REGULATORY ROLE OF 2499 01:40:39,880 --> 01:40:40,760 PERIPHERAL CANNABINOID 1, 2500 01:40:40,760 --> 01:40:48,320 CANNABINOID 2 RECEPTORS IN 2501 01:40:48,320 --> 01:40:52,800 CARDIOVASCULAR INFLAMMATION, 2502 01:40:52,800 --> 01:40:55,200 CARDIOMYOPATHIES, NEUROPATHY, 2503 01:40:55,200 --> 01:40:59,680 NEPHROOPATHY, STORY, AND 2504 01:40:59,680 --> 01:41:01,320 DIABETIC LAB COMPLICATIONS, AND 2505 01:41:01,320 --> 01:41:02,680 PATHWAY IN TISSUE INJURY, WORK 2506 01:41:02,680 --> 01:41:05,400 CONTRIBUTED TO OUR UNDERSTANDING 2507 01:41:05,400 --> 01:41:08,240 OF THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF 2508 01:41:08,240 --> 01:41:14,160 PHYTO CANNABINOIDS AND NOVEL 2509 01:41:14,160 --> 01:41:17,200 THERAPEUTIC TARGETS RELATED TO 2510 01:41:17,200 --> 01:41:19,080 OXIDATIVE STRESSES, CELL-DEATH 2511 01:41:19,080 --> 01:41:21,040 PATHWAYS, RECENTLY WORK FOCUSED 2512 01:41:21,040 --> 01:41:22,960 ON DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL 2513 01:41:22,960 --> 01:41:31,120 CANNABINOID 2 RECEPTOR AGONIST 2514 01:41:31,120 --> 01:41:34,920 AND ENDOCANNABINOID REGULATORS, 2515 01:41:34,920 --> 01:41:36,040 OTHER INTERESTS ELUCIDATING 2516 01:41:36,040 --> 01:41:40,680 BINGE AND CHRONIC ALCOHOL 2517 01:41:40,680 --> 01:41:43,400 CONSUMPTION AND INTERORGAN 2518 01:41:43,400 --> 01:41:44,600 COMMUNICATION IN CARDIOVASCULAR 2519 01:41:44,600 --> 01:41:44,960 DISEASE. 2520 01:41:44,960 --> 01:41:46,560 PAL IS SOMEONE I GO TO WHEN I 2521 01:41:46,560 --> 01:41:52,200 WANT TO KNOW ABOUT THE 2522 01:41:52,200 --> 01:41:53,360 ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM, ONE OF 2523 01:41:53,360 --> 01:41:56,800 THE MAIN PERSONS, OTHERS HAVE 2524 01:41:56,800 --> 01:41:59,040 BEEN WORKING ON IT INCLUDING 2525 01:41:59,040 --> 01:42:01,040 GEORGE KUNOS AND HE'S REALLY 2526 01:42:01,040 --> 01:42:03,760 DONE SOME ABSOLUTELY FASCINATING 2527 01:42:03,760 --> 01:42:05,080 WORK IN THE ENDOCANNABINOID 2528 01:42:05,080 --> 01:42:05,400 SYSTEM. 2529 01:42:05,400 --> 01:42:11,040 I WANT TO KNOW WHY KA NAB A DIOL 2530 01:42:11,040 --> 01:42:13,160 IS CALLED A PHYTO CANNABINOL BUT 2531 01:42:13,160 --> 01:42:14,760 I'LL LET DO YOU YOUR LECTURE. 2532 01:42:14,760 --> 01:42:25,200 >> THANK YOU FOR THE NICE 2533 01:42:31,040 --> 01:42:32,840 INTRODUCTION. 2534 01:42:32,840 --> 01:42:35,840 OUR LAB IS TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 2535 01:42:35,840 --> 01:42:37,800 THE INFLAMMATION, AND GEORGE 2536 01:42:37,800 --> 01:42:41,920 MENTIONED MOST OF OUR WORK WAS 2537 01:42:41,920 --> 01:42:43,360 FOCUSED ON THE ENDOCANNABINOID 2538 01:42:43,360 --> 01:42:45,760 SYSTEM AND STILL FOCUSED ON. 2539 01:42:45,760 --> 01:42:53,640 TODAY I WILL TALK ABOUT SOME 2540 01:42:53,640 --> 01:42:59,120 OTHER INTERESTING PROJECTS. 2541 01:42:59,120 --> 01:43:00,320 IT IS INCREASING RECOGNITION 2542 01:43:00,320 --> 01:43:02,600 PEOPLE ARE NOT DYING FROM LIVER 2543 01:43:02,600 --> 01:43:05,160 DISEASE BY ITSELF BUT DIEING 2544 01:43:05,160 --> 01:43:09,200 FROM CARDIOVASCULAR AND OTHER 2545 01:43:09,200 --> 01:43:10,920 COMPLICATIONS LIKE HEPATORENAL 2546 01:43:10,920 --> 01:43:18,040 CYST SYNDROME . 2547 01:43:18,040 --> 01:43:19,920 ONE OF THE EXAMPLES THAT I 2548 01:43:19,920 --> 01:43:22,520 SHOWED WAS A FEW YEARS AGO, A 2549 01:43:22,520 --> 01:43:30,320 STUDY WHICH MADE THE COVER OF 2550 01:43:30,320 --> 01:43:33,040 HEPATO, DESCRIBING MYOPATHY, 2551 01:43:33,040 --> 01:43:33,800 DEMONSTRATING INHIBITING 2552 01:43:33,800 --> 01:43:35,440 INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS IN 2553 01:43:35,440 --> 01:43:39,040 LIVER, IN THIS CASE CANNABINOID 2554 01:43:39,040 --> 01:43:40,600 2 RECEPTOR AGONIST, ALSO 2555 01:43:40,600 --> 01:43:44,800 IMPROVED CARDIAC FUNCTION. 2556 01:43:44,800 --> 01:43:50,560 AND THIS WAS NOTED. 2557 01:43:50,560 --> 01:43:53,520 THERE WAS HEPATORENAL SYNDROME 2558 01:43:53,520 --> 01:43:55,920 AND RECENTLY HAVE BEEN WORKING 2559 01:43:55,920 --> 01:43:58,000 ON UNDERSTANDING HOW CANNABINOID 2560 01:43:58,000 --> 01:43:58,360 RECEPTORS WORK. 2561 01:43:58,360 --> 01:44:03,720 BUT TODAY I WILL TALK ABOUT TWO 2562 01:44:03,720 --> 01:44:04,680 COMPLETELY DIFFERENT PROJECTS, 2563 01:44:04,680 --> 01:44:08,080 ONGOING SOME OVER TEN YEARS BUT 2564 01:44:08,080 --> 01:44:11,160 NOW CLOSE TO END. 2565 01:44:11,160 --> 01:44:15,840 SO ONE IS IDENTIFICATION OF 2566 01:44:15,840 --> 01:44:18,040 PCSK9, POTENTIAL BIOMARKER AND 2567 01:44:18,040 --> 01:44:20,200 THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR 2568 01:44:20,200 --> 01:44:23,040 CARDIOVASCULAR AND LIVER AGING. 2569 01:44:23,040 --> 01:44:30,640 THIS IS A PERFECT EXAMPLE. 2570 01:44:30,640 --> 01:44:35,640 I DON'T KNOW -- OKAY. 2571 01:44:35,640 --> 01:44:36,960 THIS IS PERFECT EXAMPLE OF 2572 01:44:36,960 --> 01:44:40,800 IMPORTANCE OF LIVER AND HEART 2573 01:44:40,800 --> 01:44:41,600 COMMUNICATION. 2574 01:44:41,600 --> 01:44:43,400 AND ALSO TALK ABOUT 2575 01:44:43,400 --> 01:44:46,200 CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT OF ALCOHOL 2576 01:44:46,200 --> 01:44:47,280 IN AGE. 2577 01:44:47,280 --> 01:44:48,040 SO WE'VE BEEN INTERESTED A LONG 2578 01:44:48,040 --> 01:44:54,080 TIME IN IN CARDIOVASCULAR 2579 01:44:54,080 --> 01:44:55,800 AGING, RISK FACTOR FOR METABOLIC 2580 01:44:55,800 --> 01:44:58,040 DISEASE, WHAT HAPPENS IN AGING 2581 01:44:58,040 --> 01:44:58,240 HEART. 2582 01:44:58,240 --> 01:45:01,400 THERE IS DECREASE THE HEART 2583 01:45:01,400 --> 01:45:06,000 RATE, PROLONGED REPOLARIZATION 2584 01:45:06,000 --> 01:45:09,520 AS A CONSEQUENCE OF IMPAIRMENT, 2585 01:45:09,520 --> 01:45:11,240 POTASSIUM CURRENT. 2586 01:45:11,240 --> 01:45:16,840 AGING PEOPLE MORE REASON TO ( 2587 01:45:16,840 --> 01:45:17,920 INDISCERNIBLE) AND ENDOTHELIAL 2588 01:45:17,920 --> 01:45:27,360 DYSFUNCTION, THE RESULT IS 2589 01:45:27,360 --> 01:45:32,720 INCREASED CHOLESTEROL LEVEL AND 2590 01:45:32,720 --> 01:45:33,080 ATHEROSCLEROSIS. 2591 01:45:33,080 --> 01:45:41,880 YOU HAVE DIASTOLIC AND LATER 2592 01:45:41,880 --> 01:45:48,800 SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION, IN PART 2593 01:45:48,800 --> 01:45:49,440 VENTRICULAR ARTERIAL COUPLING, 2594 01:45:49,440 --> 01:45:53,200 DETERMINED BY THE STATE OF 2595 01:45:53,200 --> 01:46:01,920 ARTERY AND HEART, TALKED ABOUT 2596 01:46:01,920 --> 01:46:05,080 THIS LATER. 2597 01:46:05,080 --> 01:46:06,640 PROPOSED MECHANISM MITOCHONDRIAL 2598 01:46:06,640 --> 01:46:11,240 DYSFUNCTION, INCREASED OXIDATIVE 2599 01:46:11,240 --> 01:46:14,840 DNA INJURY, CELL DEATH, 2600 01:46:14,840 --> 01:46:16,920 DIMINISHED REGENERATIVE 2601 01:46:16,920 --> 01:46:17,360 CAPACITY. 2602 01:46:17,360 --> 01:46:18,040 CARDIOMYOCYTES CANNOT 2603 01:46:18,040 --> 01:46:19,400 REGENERATE, THE STEM CELL 2604 01:46:19,400 --> 01:46:21,720 RESEARCH FIELD IN THE HEART 2605 01:46:21,720 --> 01:46:24,360 SHOWS TEN YEARS AGO COMPLETELY 2606 01:46:24,360 --> 01:46:26,760 COLLAPSED. 2607 01:46:26,760 --> 01:46:28,000 IN LIVER THERE IS SOME REGION 2608 01:46:28,000 --> 01:46:31,920 BUT NOT IN THE HEART. 2609 01:46:31,920 --> 01:46:37,680 AND THEN REMODELING. 2610 01:46:37,680 --> 01:46:41,520 SO WHAT IS PCSK9, PROTEIN 2611 01:46:41,520 --> 01:46:44,800 CONVERTASE, ROLE IN CHOLESTEROL 2612 01:46:44,800 --> 01:46:45,120 METABOLISM. 2613 01:46:45,120 --> 01:46:49,080 IT BINDS TO THE LDLR RECEPTOR 2614 01:46:49,080 --> 01:46:50,280 AND CHOLESTEROL, BAD 2615 01:46:50,280 --> 01:46:53,000 CHOLESTEROL, THIS RECEPTOR IS 2616 01:46:53,000 --> 01:46:54,320 DEGRADED IN THE HEPATOCYTE. 2617 01:46:54,320 --> 01:47:03,080 IF YOU HAVE LESS RECEPTORS AND 2618 01:47:03,080 --> 01:47:06,800 THESE RECEPTORS DON'T BIND, 2619 01:47:06,800 --> 01:47:10,480 PCSK9 HIGHER, HIGHER CHOLESTEROL 2620 01:47:10,480 --> 01:47:13,800 LEVELS. 2621 01:47:13,800 --> 01:47:15,440 WHY WE'VE BEEN INTERESTED, 2622 01:47:15,440 --> 01:47:18,160 LEVELS WERE ELEVATED IN AGING 2623 01:47:18,160 --> 01:47:22,240 RATS AND ALSO IN THE HUMAN 2624 01:47:22,240 --> 01:47:25,600 STUDY, CONFIRMED THIS 2625 01:47:25,600 --> 01:47:26,240 OBSERVATION. 2626 01:47:26,240 --> 01:47:31,680 ALSO PCSK9 IS IMPORTANT PRENATAL 2627 01:47:31,680 --> 01:47:34,480 TARGET, ANTIBODIES IN CLINICAL 2628 01:47:34,480 --> 01:47:36,440 TRIALS, EXCEED THE BENEFICIAL 2629 01:47:36,440 --> 01:47:39,080 EFFECT IN DECREASING 2630 01:47:39,080 --> 01:47:40,840 CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY AND 2631 01:47:40,840 --> 01:47:41,400 MORTALITY. 2632 01:47:41,400 --> 01:47:43,680 ALSO EFFECT IS UNEXPLAINED. 2633 01:47:43,680 --> 01:47:47,080 ALSO THERE WAS NOT MUCH KNOWN 2634 01:47:47,080 --> 01:47:51,880 ABOUT THE ROLE OF PCSK9 AND 2635 01:47:51,880 --> 01:47:52,640 CARDIOVASCULAR AGING. 2636 01:47:52,640 --> 01:47:56,800 FIRST EVENT TO DETERMINE WHAT IS 2637 01:47:56,800 --> 01:48:00,800 THE SOURCE OF THE PCSK9. 2638 01:48:00,800 --> 01:48:03,400 YOU SEE THIS IS THE DATA, IN THE 2639 01:48:03,400 --> 01:48:08,720 LIVER THERE'S PRETTY HIGH 2640 01:48:08,720 --> 01:48:12,120 LEVELS, 20 TO 40 TRANSCRIPT, 2641 01:48:12,120 --> 01:48:14,880 PRETTY HIGHLY EXPRESSED. 2642 01:48:14,880 --> 01:48:17,880 CONTRASTING THE HEART IT SHOWS 2643 01:48:17,880 --> 01:48:21,320 CAN ALSO BE RELEASED FROM THE 2644 01:48:21,320 --> 01:48:31,600 HEART, COULD NOT FIND ANY PCSK9 2645 01:48:31,600 --> 01:48:33,440 IN RATS, MICE, HUMANSES. 2646 01:48:33,440 --> 01:48:40,040 AS SEE THIS PATIENT 2647 01:48:40,040 --> 01:48:43,200 TRANSCRIPTOMICS FROM THE HEART, 2648 01:48:43,200 --> 01:48:45,200 AND THEN YOU SEE BASICALLY PCSK9 2649 01:48:45,200 --> 01:48:50,760 IS NOT IN THE HEART. 2650 01:48:50,760 --> 01:48:51,640 USE TROPONIN, CARDIOMYOCYTE 2651 01:48:51,640 --> 01:48:56,320 MARKER, YOU SEE IT EXPRESSED, 2652 01:48:56,320 --> 01:48:58,640 CARDIOMYOCYTES, DURING 2653 01:48:58,640 --> 01:48:59,960 MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION RELEASED 2654 01:48:59,960 --> 01:49:04,760 FROM ISCHEMIC AREA OF THE HEART. 2655 01:49:04,760 --> 01:49:10,200 SINGLE CELL TRANSCRIPTOMICS SHOW 2656 01:49:10,200 --> 01:49:12,440 CARDIOMYOCYTE FRACTION, SO 2657 01:49:12,440 --> 01:49:22,840 EXPRESS TROPONIN T, THE 2658 01:49:24,200 --> 01:49:27,920 EXPRESSION LEVEL OF PCSK9 IS 2659 01:49:27,920 --> 01:49:29,400 VIRTUALLY ZERO. 2660 01:49:29,400 --> 01:49:33,360 IT WAS EXPRESSED IN LIVER FIRST, 2661 01:49:33,360 --> 01:49:37,160 FOCUSED ON THE TRANSCRIPTOMIC 2662 01:49:37,160 --> 01:49:41,520 PROFILING OF AGING LIVER. 2663 01:49:41,520 --> 01:49:44,240 WE EXPECT GENES UP AND 2664 01:49:44,240 --> 01:49:47,040 DOWNREGULATED, ALSO SOME OF THE 2665 01:49:47,040 --> 01:49:53,080 GENES AS EXPECTED CONSIDERED 2666 01:49:53,080 --> 01:49:54,360 MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION, 2667 01:49:54,360 --> 01:49:57,080 MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEXIVITY, IN 2668 01:49:57,080 --> 01:50:02,240 PART MITOCHONDRIA STILL ONE OF 2669 01:50:02,240 --> 01:50:12,720 THE MOST (INDISCERNIBLE) OF 2670 01:50:14,880 --> 01:50:17,000 AGING, INCREASED OXIDATION, 2671 01:50:17,000 --> 01:50:20,400 DECREASE, ALSO INCREASED LIPID 2672 01:50:20,400 --> 01:50:21,400 ACCUMULATION, INCREASED 2673 01:50:21,400 --> 01:50:24,240 CHOLESTEROL LEVELS. 2674 01:50:24,240 --> 01:50:26,120 AND THERE WAS ALSO INFLAMMATION 2675 01:50:26,120 --> 01:50:36,600 IN THE LIVER OF AGING RATS. 2676 01:50:37,560 --> 01:50:39,800 AND METABOLIC PATHWAYS 2677 01:50:39,800 --> 01:50:40,960 (INDISCERNIBLE). 2678 01:50:40,960 --> 01:50:46,600 SO THEN WE VALIDATED OUR DATA 2679 01:50:46,600 --> 01:50:50,200 USING PUBLIC AVAILABLE RODENT, 2680 01:50:50,200 --> 01:50:55,920 AND WE DID USING THE NIH SUPER 2681 01:50:55,920 --> 01:51:00,600 COMPUTING RESOURCES, SO WE'VE 2682 01:51:00,600 --> 01:51:01,960 CREATED NETWORKS, IDENTIFIED 2683 01:51:01,960 --> 01:51:05,880 MORE THAN 2,000 GENES AND 2684 01:51:05,880 --> 01:51:13,760 200,000 LINKS, AND HE CREATED 2685 01:51:13,760 --> 01:51:19,600 NETWORKS, 14th CLUSTER WAS THE 2686 01:51:19,600 --> 01:51:24,280 MOST PROMINENT, WHAT WE FOUND IN 2687 01:51:24,280 --> 01:51:27,880 THIS GENES INVOLVED IN 2688 01:51:27,880 --> 01:51:29,880 CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM AND 2689 01:51:29,880 --> 01:51:31,640 BIOSYNTHESIS, UPREGULATED. 2690 01:51:31,640 --> 01:51:38,920 THEN WE FOCUSED ON THIS CLUSTER 2691 01:51:38,920 --> 01:51:41,720 AND THEN UPREGULATED, 29 2692 01:51:41,720 --> 01:51:43,600 DOWNREGULATED, COMPARED TO HUMAN 2693 01:51:43,600 --> 01:51:44,520 DATA. 2694 01:51:44,520 --> 01:51:49,080 THIS NUMBER IS SIGNIFICANTLY 2695 01:51:49,080 --> 01:51:49,360 DECREASED. 2696 01:51:49,360 --> 01:51:51,240 AND THE CENTRAL MOST CONNECTIVE 2697 01:51:51,240 --> 01:52:01,800 GENES, ONE OF THESE WAS ACTUALLY 2698 01:52:06,320 --> 01:52:07,240 PCSK9. 2699 01:52:07,240 --> 01:52:09,080 USING SINGLE CELL, 2700 01:52:09,080 --> 01:52:14,600 TRANSCRIPTOMICS, IN THE LIVER 2701 01:52:14,600 --> 01:52:15,680 PRIMARILY HEPATOCYTES, 2702 01:52:15,680 --> 01:52:17,880 PARTICULARLY TYPE 3, EVEN BASED 2703 01:52:17,880 --> 01:52:21,600 ON THIS THERE WAS SOME AGE 2704 01:52:21,600 --> 01:52:22,480 DEPENDENT, HEPATOCYTES MORE 2705 01:52:22,480 --> 01:52:26,400 SUBJECT, THE LEVELS WERE HIGH. 2706 01:52:26,400 --> 01:52:30,440 SO THEN WE SELECTED IN THE NIH 2707 01:52:30,440 --> 01:52:32,440 GTEx BASE SUBJECTS WERE MORE 2708 01:52:32,440 --> 01:52:33,840 THAN 65 YEARS. 2709 01:52:33,840 --> 01:52:35,520 AND DIVIDED THEM TO TWO GROUP. 2710 01:52:35,520 --> 01:52:44,400 THESE ARE HALF AGING SUBJECTS, 2711 01:52:44,400 --> 01:52:46,200 EXCLUDED ALL ADVANCED 2712 01:52:46,200 --> 01:52:46,720 (INDISCERNIBLE) METABOLIC 2713 01:52:46,720 --> 01:52:48,760 DISEASES, IN AS MUCH AS 2714 01:52:48,760 --> 01:52:49,040 POSSIBLE. 2715 01:52:49,040 --> 01:52:50,960 SO WE DIVIDED THEM TO LOW 2716 01:52:50,960 --> 01:52:55,000 EXPRESSING ROLE OF 25% AND HIGH 2717 01:52:55,000 --> 01:52:58,080 EXPRESSING, AND THEN WE FOUND 2718 01:52:58,080 --> 01:52:59,360 THAT IN THE HIGH EXPRESSING 2719 01:52:59,360 --> 01:53:04,080 GROUP THE CHANGES IN THE GENOME 2720 01:53:04,080 --> 01:53:05,400 WERE SIMILAR BETWEEN AGING AND 2721 01:53:05,400 --> 01:53:08,360 ANIMAL, SO THE RAT IS INCREASED, 2722 01:53:08,360 --> 01:53:11,200 DECREASED, SO THIS IS THE HIGH 2723 01:53:11,200 --> 01:53:13,480 AND LOW EXPRESSION. 2724 01:53:13,480 --> 01:53:18,440 THIS GENE EXPRESSION ASSOCIATED 2725 01:53:18,440 --> 01:53:20,720 WITH ENHANCED AGE-RELATED 2726 01:53:20,720 --> 01:53:21,120 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. 2727 01:53:21,120 --> 01:53:24,440 THIS WAS EXCITING BUT STILL HAVE 2728 01:53:24,440 --> 01:53:31,360 TO PROVE THAT PCSK9 IS IMPORTANT 2729 01:53:31,360 --> 01:53:35,960 SO THEN ANIMAL STUDIES, SO WE 2730 01:53:35,960 --> 01:53:39,320 USED AGING FISCHER RATS, MORE 2731 01:53:39,320 --> 01:53:42,720 DEVELOPED BY AGING INSTITUTE, 2732 01:53:42,720 --> 01:53:46,120 BECAUSE THEY HAVE SIMILAR 2733 01:53:46,120 --> 01:53:55,520 CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION, AND 2734 01:53:55,520 --> 01:53:56,640 ALSO DEVELOP ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 2735 01:53:56,640 --> 01:54:00,280 DIFFICULT TO TARGET AND VALIDATE 2736 01:54:00,280 --> 01:54:04,360 IN MOUSE MODEL, SO TREATED FOR 2737 01:54:04,360 --> 01:54:08,480 SIX WEEKS WITH MONOCLONAL 2738 01:54:08,480 --> 01:54:12,280 ANTIBODY AND PERFORMED VARIOUS 2739 01:54:12,280 --> 01:54:15,040 HEMODYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS AND 2740 01:54:15,040 --> 01:54:19,640 HUMAN SUBJECT WE STARTED 2000, 2741 01:54:19,640 --> 01:54:28,800 BUT LOOKING FOR YOUNG AND AGING 2742 01:54:28,800 --> 01:54:29,920 POPULATION, OLDER THAN 65 YEARS 2743 01:54:29,920 --> 01:54:37,360 OLD AND NEVER TREATED WITH LIPID 2744 01:54:37,360 --> 01:54:39,360 LOWERING DRUGS, NOT EASY TO FIND 2745 01:54:39,360 --> 01:54:43,400 IN EACH AGE GROUP. 2746 01:54:43,400 --> 01:54:47,160 WE MEASURED PCSK9 LEVELS AND TO 2747 01:54:47,160 --> 01:54:50,720 HAVE THE DETAILED HIGH 2748 01:54:50,720 --> 01:54:54,480 RESOLUTION RECORDING TO DO 2749 01:54:54,480 --> 01:54:59,920 TRACKING ANALYSIS, A MUCH 2750 01:54:59,920 --> 01:55:01,480 RELIABLE WAY BECAUSE LIKE 2751 01:55:01,480 --> 01:55:04,400 EJECTION FRACTION DEPENDING ON 2752 01:55:04,400 --> 01:55:08,880 LOADING ON CONDITIONS AND IT IS 2753 01:55:08,880 --> 01:55:12,480 NORMAL INCREASE IN VARIOUS FORMS 2754 01:55:12,480 --> 01:55:14,160 SO THIS SPECTRAL TRACKING IS 2755 01:55:14,160 --> 01:55:23,240 BASED ON THE FORCES IN THE 2756 01:55:23,240 --> 01:55:23,680 VENTRICLE. 2757 01:55:23,680 --> 01:55:27,600 WE FOUND IN BOTH RAT AND HUMAN 2758 01:55:27,600 --> 01:55:31,880 STUDIES THAT THE PCSK9 LEVELS 2759 01:55:31,880 --> 01:55:36,040 WERE INCREASED IN AGING AND THIS 2760 01:55:36,040 --> 01:55:37,800 CORRELATED POSITIVELY CAN 2761 01:55:37,800 --> 01:55:39,960 CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION, SYSTOLIC 2762 01:55:39,960 --> 01:55:42,280 AND DIASTOLIC. 2763 01:55:42,280 --> 01:55:47,320 THEN THE TARGET VALIDATION IN 2764 01:55:47,320 --> 01:55:51,920 OUR RAT STUDY, INCREASING AGING, 2765 01:55:51,920 --> 01:55:53,440 PCSK9 INHIBITION DECREASED IN 2766 01:55:53,440 --> 01:56:00,760 YOUNG AND AGING ANIMALS. 2767 01:56:00,760 --> 01:56:03,680 AND SERUM OXIDIZED CHOLESTEROL 2768 01:56:03,680 --> 01:56:05,040 WAS DECREASED BY PCSK9 2769 01:56:05,040 --> 01:56:05,440 INHIBITION. 2770 01:56:05,440 --> 01:56:08,960 SINCE WE HAVE LESS PCSK9, YOU 2771 01:56:08,960 --> 01:56:11,600 HAVE MORE LD RECEPTORS IN THE 2772 01:56:11,600 --> 01:56:14,880 LIVER WHICH CAN TAKE IN THE 2773 01:56:14,880 --> 01:56:17,720 CHOLESTEROL LEVEL SO THIS WAS 2774 01:56:17,720 --> 01:56:22,120 ALSO CONFIRMED, CONFIRMED THERE 2775 01:56:22,120 --> 01:56:28,560 WAS INCREASED PCSK9 LEVEL IN THE 2776 01:56:28,560 --> 01:56:31,280 AGING LIVER. 2777 01:56:31,280 --> 01:56:34,120 THEN IT WAS ALSO SURPRISING THAT 2778 01:56:34,120 --> 01:56:39,840 PCSK9 INHIBITION NOT ONLY MADE 2779 01:56:39,840 --> 01:56:42,120 THE PRIMARY ENDPOINT LIVER 2780 01:56:42,120 --> 01:56:44,240 INFLAMMATION AND DELIVER STATUS 2781 01:56:44,240 --> 01:56:50,360 IN AGING AND OXIDATIVE STRESS. 2782 01:56:50,360 --> 01:56:54,080 SO THEN ALSO SINCE WE ARE REALLY 2783 01:56:54,080 --> 01:56:54,720 INTERESTED IN INTERORGAN 2784 01:56:54,720 --> 01:56:57,040 COMMUNICATION, THERE ARE MORE 2785 01:56:57,040 --> 01:57:00,080 AND MORE CLINICAL RECORDED, MORE 2786 01:57:00,080 --> 01:57:04,480 SENSITIVE MEASURES OF CARDIAC 2787 01:57:04,480 --> 01:57:08,280 FUNCTION AND RESOLUTION, 2788 01:57:08,280 --> 01:57:11,560 CARDIOGRAPHY AND CT, THAT THE 2789 01:57:11,560 --> 01:57:15,440 LIVER FAT CONTENT CORRELATED 2790 01:57:15,440 --> 01:57:18,720 WITH LEFT VENTRICLE MOST AND 2791 01:57:18,720 --> 01:57:19,560 LIVER INFLAMMATORY SCORE 2792 01:57:19,560 --> 01:57:30,040 CORRELATED LEFT SERENITY -- 2793 01:57:33,840 --> 01:57:35,240 LEFT VENTRICLE, SUGGESTING 2794 01:57:35,240 --> 01:57:44,720 IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE LIVER 2795 01:57:44,720 --> 01:57:45,560 WHICH MEDIATE CARDIOVASCULAR 2796 01:57:45,560 --> 01:57:46,840 FUNCTION IN AGING. 2797 01:57:46,840 --> 01:57:49,120 HALLMARKS OF AGING IN THE HEART, 2798 01:57:49,120 --> 01:57:50,960 I ALREADY SHOWED YOU, 2799 01:57:50,960 --> 01:57:53,280 MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION, YOU SEE 2800 01:57:53,280 --> 01:57:54,920 HERE LARGE NUMBER OF GENES 2801 01:57:54,920 --> 01:57:58,080 INVOLVED IN ASSEMBLY OF 2802 01:57:58,080 --> 01:58:00,560 MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEXES, 2803 01:58:00,560 --> 01:58:06,520 DOWNREGULATED IN AGING TO YOUNG 2804 01:58:06,520 --> 01:58:13,520 ANIMALS AND VARIOUS PATHWAYS, 2805 01:58:13,520 --> 01:58:15,360 DIABETIC CARDIOMYOPATHY, 2806 01:58:15,360 --> 01:58:17,680 IMPROVED BY PCSK9 INHIBITION. 2807 01:58:17,680 --> 01:58:22,480 YOU SEE THE MITOCHONDRIA 2808 01:58:22,480 --> 01:58:24,120 COMPLEXES AND VARIOUS, LARGE 2809 01:58:24,120 --> 01:58:25,760 NUMBER OF PROTEINS INDICATED 2810 01:58:25,760 --> 01:58:31,040 WITH BLUE ARE DOWNREGULATED IN 2811 01:58:31,040 --> 01:58:33,200 CARDIOVASCULAR AGING, FUNCTION 2812 01:58:33,200 --> 01:58:35,000 OF CONSEQUENCE THE MITOCHONDRIA 2813 01:58:35,000 --> 01:58:37,800 COMPLEX ACTIVITIES WERE 2814 01:58:37,800 --> 01:58:40,440 DECREASED IN AGING, AND ONE AND 2815 01:58:40,440 --> 01:58:47,480 TWO COMPLEX ACTIVITY WAS BETTER 2816 01:58:47,480 --> 01:58:49,400 IN THE PCSK9. 2817 01:58:49,400 --> 01:58:50,960 THERE WAS ALSO INCREASED 2818 01:58:50,960 --> 01:58:52,600 OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AGING 2819 01:58:52,600 --> 01:59:01,240 HEARTS, YOU SEE THIS IS THE 2820 01:59:01,240 --> 01:59:04,400 LIPID OXIDATION AND NITRATIVE, 2821 01:59:04,400 --> 01:59:08,000 INFLAMMATORY PATHWAYS, INCREASED 2822 01:59:08,000 --> 01:59:11,320 IN AGING, CELL-DEATH PATHWAYS, 2823 01:59:11,320 --> 01:59:14,440 GENERATED BY PCSK9 INHIBITION. 2824 01:59:14,440 --> 01:59:17,320 ALSO ADVANTAGE OF THIS AGING 2825 01:59:17,320 --> 01:59:21,920 MODEL DEVELOPED, THAT YOU HAVE 2826 01:59:21,920 --> 01:59:23,480 SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL FIBER, YOU 2827 01:59:23,480 --> 01:59:25,480 HARDLY HAVE ANY FIBERS IN THE 2828 01:59:25,480 --> 01:59:31,960 HEART BUT HERE YOU HAVE ALSO 2829 01:59:31,960 --> 01:59:38,560 SOME MODELING, AND THIS WAS ALSO 2830 01:59:38,560 --> 01:59:42,960 IMPROVED BY PCSK9 INHIBITION AND 2831 01:59:42,960 --> 01:59:46,560 CARDIOMYOCYTE HYPERTROPHY, TWO 2832 01:59:46,560 --> 01:59:48,640 DIFFERENT STAINING FOR FIBROSIS, 2833 01:59:48,640 --> 01:59:54,720 RED, HERE YOU SEE IT BLUE. 2834 01:59:54,720 --> 01:59:57,400 THEN GOING TO THE LAST PART OF 2835 01:59:57,400 --> 02:00:03,320 THE FIRST PART OF MY TALK, WHAT 2836 02:00:03,320 --> 02:00:08,440 PCSK9 IS DOING INCREASING AGING 2837 02:00:08,440 --> 02:00:14,720 LIVES, LDL RECEPTOR, HIGHER LDL, 2838 02:00:14,720 --> 02:00:19,960 OXIDIZED LEVELS, AND THIS 2839 02:00:19,960 --> 02:00:22,680 OXIDIZE LDL CHOLESTEROL INDUCES 2840 02:00:22,680 --> 02:00:24,120 CARDIOMYOCYTE OXIDATIVE STRESS, 2841 02:00:24,120 --> 02:00:26,880 MITOCHONDRIA DYSFUNCTION, AND 2842 02:00:26,880 --> 02:00:33,640 THEN ACTIVATION OF VARIOUS 2843 02:00:33,640 --> 02:00:34,800 TRANSCRIPTIONAL FACTORS 2844 02:00:34,800 --> 02:00:41,080 INVOLVED, THEN ENDOTHELIAL CELL 2845 02:00:41,080 --> 02:00:42,280 ACTIVATION, THEN MONOCYTES 2846 02:00:42,280 --> 02:00:44,760 ATTACHED TO MACROPHAGES AND TAKE 2847 02:00:44,760 --> 02:00:49,520 UP, YOU HAVE THE INITIAL PROCESS 2848 02:00:49,520 --> 02:00:55,040 OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS. 2849 02:00:55,040 --> 02:00:57,000 AND PCSK9 INHIBITION BASICALLY 2850 02:00:57,000 --> 02:00:59,040 ATTENUATED THIS PROCESS, AND 2851 02:00:59,040 --> 02:01:02,680 MOST LIKELY THE PRIMARY TARGET 2852 02:01:02,680 --> 02:01:05,520 OF THIS WAS THE LIVER. 2853 02:01:05,520 --> 02:01:08,720 AND SO WHAT WE DISCOVERED IN 2854 02:01:08,720 --> 02:01:10,240 THIS STUDY THAT INCREASED AGE IS 2855 02:01:10,240 --> 02:01:14,160 ONE OF THE STRONGEST PREDICTORS 2856 02:01:14,160 --> 02:01:19,760 OF PCSK9 LEVELS, AND LEVELS 2857 02:01:19,760 --> 02:01:20,880 CORRELATE WITH CARDIOVASCULAR 2858 02:01:20,880 --> 02:01:23,360 DYSFUNCTION BOTH IN HUMANS AND 2859 02:01:23,360 --> 02:01:24,120 IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS. 2860 02:01:24,120 --> 02:01:34,440 AND IT IS A PREDICTOR OF LEFT 2861 02:01:34,440 --> 02:01:35,160 VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION AND 2862 02:01:35,160 --> 02:01:38,680 PCSK9 NOT ONLY CARDIOVASCULAR 2863 02:01:38,680 --> 02:01:49,160 CHANGES, BUT ALSO SOME OF THE 2864 02:01:50,480 --> 02:01:56,200 CHANGES ASSOCIATED BY AGING, MAY 2865 02:01:56,200 --> 02:02:00,680 BE A BIOMARKER AND POTENTIAL 2866 02:02:00,680 --> 02:02:01,360 MARKER FOR CARDIAC FUNCTION. 2867 02:02:01,360 --> 02:02:07,680 THIS IS A VERY NICE EXAMPLE, 2868 02:02:07,680 --> 02:02:09,920 INTERORGAN, SYNTHESIZING THE 2869 02:02:09,920 --> 02:02:15,120 LIVER, NOT REALLY CARDIOMYOCYTES 2870 02:02:15,120 --> 02:02:18,720 SUPPORTED BY RECENT APPROVAL OF 2871 02:02:18,720 --> 02:02:19,840 ANOTHER DRUG TARGETING PCSK9 2872 02:02:19,840 --> 02:02:22,760 BECAUSE UNTIL NOW MOST OF THE 2873 02:02:22,760 --> 02:02:23,440 DRUGS WERE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 2874 02:02:23,440 --> 02:02:25,320 BUT THIS DRUG WAS JUST APPROVED 2875 02:02:25,320 --> 02:02:28,920 BY FDA A FEW WEEKS AGO, SO THIS 2876 02:02:28,920 --> 02:02:35,040 IS TARGETING THE PCSK9 SYNTHESIS 2877 02:02:35,040 --> 02:02:38,240 IN THE LIVER, IN CLINICAL TRIALS 2878 02:02:38,240 --> 02:02:40,000 PUBLISHED IN "LANCET," NEW 2879 02:02:40,000 --> 02:02:43,480 ENGLAND JOURNAL, AS EFFECTIVE AS 2880 02:02:43,480 --> 02:02:45,080 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES. 2881 02:02:45,080 --> 02:02:50,040 SO THEN GOING TO THE SECOND PART 2882 02:02:50,040 --> 02:02:54,560 OF MY TALK, IT IS KNOWN 2883 02:02:54,560 --> 02:02:57,160 EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION 2884 02:02:57,160 --> 02:03:01,200 CAN LEAD TO CARDIOMYOPATHY AND 2885 02:03:01,200 --> 02:03:05,720 VARIOUS EFFECTS IN THE 2886 02:03:05,720 --> 02:03:07,800 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. 2887 02:03:07,800 --> 02:03:08,400 HYPERTENSION, ARRHYTHMIAS, AND 2888 02:03:08,400 --> 02:03:11,520 NOW MORE AND MORE EVIDENCE IS 2889 02:03:11,520 --> 02:03:15,600 EMERGING THAT ALCOHOL CAN BE 2890 02:03:15,600 --> 02:03:17,560 RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SUDDEN 2891 02:03:17,560 --> 02:03:20,520 CARDIOVASCULAR DEATH IN PERSON 2892 02:03:20,520 --> 02:03:25,720 MOST LIKELY RELATED TO VARIOUS 2893 02:03:25,720 --> 02:03:29,800 ARRHYTHMIAS, ALSO IN PART 2894 02:03:29,800 --> 02:03:31,560 EXPLAIN ALSO THE INCREASING 2895 02:03:31,560 --> 02:03:32,640 (INDISCERNIBLE) AS GEORGE 2896 02:03:32,640 --> 02:03:38,320 REPORTED AT THE BEGINNING, LINK 2897 02:03:38,320 --> 02:03:40,440 NOT LINKED BUT COULD BE LINKED. 2898 02:03:40,440 --> 02:03:44,880 THE PURPOSE IS THE MYOCARDIAL 2899 02:03:44,880 --> 02:03:45,560 FUNCTION, MITOCHONDRIAL 2900 02:03:45,560 --> 02:03:51,280 DYSFUNCTION AGAIN FREE RADICAL 2901 02:03:51,280 --> 02:03:53,440 DAMAGE, INHIBITION OF CALCIUM, 2902 02:03:53,440 --> 02:03:56,800 DISRUPTION OF CELL MEMBRANES, 2903 02:03:56,800 --> 02:03:58,360 DECREASE OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 2904 02:03:58,360 --> 02:03:59,040 VERY IMPORTANT LARGELY 2905 02:03:59,040 --> 02:04:03,080 UNDERRATED, ALSO ONE OF THE MAIN 2906 02:04:03,080 --> 02:04:09,560 REASONS WHY PEOPLE WHO DRINK 2907 02:04:09,560 --> 02:04:12,640 ALCOHOL CHRONICALLY LOSE 2908 02:04:12,640 --> 02:04:13,920 SKELETAL MUSCLE. 2909 02:04:13,920 --> 02:04:21,680 WE WANTED TO FOCUS ON THE EFFECT 2910 02:04:21,680 --> 02:04:25,400 OF CHRONIC (INDISCERNIBLE) FOR 2911 02:04:25,400 --> 02:04:30,640 LOW DOSE 0.5%, FOR HIGH USED 5%, 2912 02:04:30,640 --> 02:04:33,160 THEY WERE THESE AGING RATS 2913 02:04:33,160 --> 02:04:35,200 DRINKING FOR HALF YEAR. 2914 02:04:35,200 --> 02:04:37,560 I WILL NOT TALK ABOUT THE LOW 2915 02:04:37,560 --> 02:04:43,240 DOSE BECAUSE WE COULD NOT SEE 2916 02:04:43,240 --> 02:04:46,440 ANY FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF 2917 02:04:46,440 --> 02:04:50,160 THIS, I WILL FOCUS ABOUT THE 5%. 2918 02:04:50,160 --> 02:04:56,360 YOU SEE ALCOHOL LEVELS AROUND 2919 02:04:56,360 --> 02:04:58,240 100-MILLIGRAM, PER DECILITER. 2920 02:04:58,240 --> 02:05:08,520 I SHOWED YOU WITH AGING WE 2921 02:05:08,520 --> 02:05:11,160 MEASURED ACTIVITIES, COMPLEX 2922 02:05:11,160 --> 02:05:13,440 ACTIVITY WAS IMPAIRED IN YOUNG 2923 02:05:13,440 --> 02:05:15,960 ANIMALS DRINKING ALCOHOL FOR 2924 02:05:15,960 --> 02:05:17,920 HALF YEARS, AND IMPAIRED BY 2925 02:05:17,920 --> 02:05:21,240 AGING, AGING IS ALWAYS BLACK, 2926 02:05:21,240 --> 02:05:31,640 ALCOHOL IS ALWAYS RED. 2927 02:05:32,680 --> 02:05:38,040 SO COMPLEX 4 ACTIVITY IMPAIRED 2928 02:05:38,040 --> 02:05:44,400 ONLY IN AGING, SO IT IS ALSO 2929 02:05:44,400 --> 02:05:46,920 CHARACTERIZED BY EXPRESSION OF 2930 02:05:46,920 --> 02:05:52,720 ANGIOTENSIN 2 RECEPTOR, SAW 2931 02:05:52,720 --> 02:05:54,120 INCREASED, CONSEQUENCE OF 2932 02:05:54,120 --> 02:05:55,520 ALCOHOL USE, FURTHER INCREASING 2933 02:05:55,520 --> 02:06:05,320 AGING AND THIS IS VARIOUS 2934 02:06:05,320 --> 02:06:09,040 OXIDASE, ALCOHOL AND AGING, IF 2935 02:06:09,040 --> 02:06:17,240 YOU HAVE SUPEROXIDE TOGETHER YOU 2936 02:06:17,240 --> 02:06:18,240 HAVE (INDISCERNIBLE), INDUCING 2937 02:06:18,240 --> 02:06:22,200 INACTIVATION, SO THERE WAS ALSO 2938 02:06:22,200 --> 02:06:26,320 ENHANCED OXIDATIVE STRESS, LIPID 2939 02:06:26,320 --> 02:06:32,160 PARAOXIDATION IN AGING AND 2940 02:06:32,160 --> 02:06:40,560 ALCOHOL INDUCED OXIDATIVE 2941 02:06:40,560 --> 02:06:41,000 STRESS. 2942 02:06:41,000 --> 02:06:43,720 WE CHECKED RATES, MORE 2943 02:06:43,720 --> 02:06:45,920 PRONOUNCED IN AGING BY ITSELF, 2944 02:06:45,920 --> 02:06:49,640 IN AGING RATS CHRONICALLY 2945 02:06:49,640 --> 02:06:51,520 CONSUMING ALCOHOL. 2946 02:06:51,520 --> 02:06:53,680 SO THERE WAS SOME INFLAMMATION 2947 02:06:53,680 --> 02:06:55,560 BUT THIS WAS NOT DRAMATIC IN 2948 02:06:55,560 --> 02:07:03,120 AGING HEART. 2949 02:07:03,120 --> 02:07:03,560 SOME INFLAMMATORY 2950 02:07:03,560 --> 02:07:04,520 (INDISCERNIBLE) TNF ALPHA 2951 02:07:04,520 --> 02:07:09,680 ENHANCED MORE IN AGING ANIMALS. 2952 02:07:09,680 --> 02:07:11,680 AND ALSO INTERESTINGLY 2953 02:07:11,680 --> 02:07:12,960 MYOCARDIAL REMODELING, YOUNG 2954 02:07:12,960 --> 02:07:16,120 ANIMALS THERE WAS NO INCREASED 2955 02:07:16,120 --> 02:07:22,600 FIBROSIS BUT IN AGING ANIMALS 2956 02:07:22,600 --> 02:07:25,120 CHRONIC DRINKING ENHANDLESSED 2957 02:07:25,120 --> 02:07:26,880 MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS. 2958 02:07:26,880 --> 02:07:31,240 THIS IS ONE MARKER OF 2959 02:07:31,240 --> 02:07:35,960 DYSFUNCTION, DIASTOLIC PRESSURE 2960 02:07:35,960 --> 02:07:38,040 IN RELATIONSHIP, YOU SEE NOT 2961 02:07:38,040 --> 02:07:39,680 INCREASED IN ALCOHOL IN YOUNG 2962 02:07:39,680 --> 02:07:42,520 ANIMALS BUT INCREASED IN AGING. 2963 02:07:42,520 --> 02:07:43,600 MORE DIASTOLIC STIFFNESS. 2964 02:07:43,600 --> 02:07:46,120 AND IT WAS MORE INCREASED IN 2965 02:07:46,120 --> 02:07:50,520 AGING AND ALCOHOL. 2966 02:07:50,520 --> 02:07:54,560 SO THEN CHRONIC ALCOHOL FEEDING 2967 02:07:54,560 --> 02:07:55,880 PROMOTED SERUM LIPID 2968 02:07:55,880 --> 02:07:58,040 ABNORMALITIES, SERUM CHOLESTEROL 2969 02:07:58,040 --> 02:08:00,920 TENDED TO INCREASE IN LOW DOSE, 2970 02:08:00,920 --> 02:08:01,800 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, LDL 2971 02:08:01,800 --> 02:08:09,680 CHOLESTEROL NOT SHOWN BUT THAT 2972 02:08:09,680 --> 02:08:12,200 WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED. 2973 02:08:12,200 --> 02:08:14,200 ALCOHOL IN YOUNG ANIMALS AND 2974 02:08:14,200 --> 02:08:17,040 AGING AS EXPECTED BY ITSELF 2975 02:08:17,040 --> 02:08:19,760 INCREASED, AND THERE WAS MORE 2976 02:08:19,760 --> 02:08:23,160 IMPAIRED LIPID AND METABOLISM IN 2977 02:08:23,160 --> 02:08:24,400 AGING ANIMALS DRINKING. 2978 02:08:24,400 --> 02:08:28,320 SO WHAT HAPPENED IN THE 2979 02:08:28,320 --> 02:08:32,160 VASCULAR, WE MEASURED 2980 02:08:32,160 --> 02:08:35,000 ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, 2981 02:08:35,000 --> 02:08:39,680 RECONSTRUCTED VASCULAR, YOU GIVE 2982 02:08:39,680 --> 02:08:41,320 VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS, AND 2983 02:08:41,320 --> 02:08:47,120 THERE'S RELAXATION, IT IS 2984 02:08:47,120 --> 02:08:48,680 DILATING, ENDOTHELIUM DEPENDENT 2985 02:08:48,680 --> 02:08:52,800 WAS RELAXATION, YOU SEE IN THE 2986 02:08:52,800 --> 02:08:56,960 YOUNG IT IS ALMOST 100%, AND 2987 02:08:56,960 --> 02:09:01,280 ALCOHOL INDUCES BY ITSELF 2988 02:09:01,280 --> 02:09:05,560 INCREASED, I MEAN DECREASE OF 2989 02:09:05,560 --> 02:09:07,720 RELAXATION, IN AGING FURTHER 2990 02:09:07,720 --> 02:09:10,440 IMPAIRED, FURTHER COMPARED WITH 2991 02:09:10,440 --> 02:09:11,280 ALCOHOL. 2992 02:09:11,280 --> 02:09:12,640 INCREASE OF TOTAL PERIPHERAL 2993 02:09:12,640 --> 02:09:14,960 RESISTANCE ALCOHOL BY ITSELF IN 2994 02:09:14,960 --> 02:09:17,680 YOUNG INCREASED TO CERTAIN 2995 02:09:17,680 --> 02:09:19,320 DEGREE INCREASED IN AGING AND 2996 02:09:19,320 --> 02:09:22,960 FURTHER INCREASE OF TOTAL 2997 02:09:22,960 --> 02:09:25,680 PERIPHERY RESISTANCE WAS SEEN. 2998 02:09:25,680 --> 02:09:28,160 CHRONIC ALCOHOL FEEDING ALSO 2999 02:09:28,160 --> 02:09:30,360 PROMOTED SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION SO 3000 02:09:30,360 --> 02:09:32,000 THIS HAPPENED, VARIOUS MARKERS 3001 02:09:32,000 --> 02:09:35,520 OF SYSTOLIC FUNCTIONS, THESE ARE 3002 02:09:35,520 --> 02:09:39,240 LOADING DEPENDENT IN THE LOWER 3003 02:09:39,240 --> 02:09:40,800 IMAGES. 3004 02:09:40,800 --> 02:09:45,240 SO IN THE YOUNG ANIMALS THIS 3005 02:09:45,240 --> 02:09:46,360 DYSFUNCTION WAS MORE MODERATE 3006 02:09:46,360 --> 02:09:50,640 BUT IN AGING BY ITSELF THERE WAS 3007 02:09:50,640 --> 02:09:51,440 INCREASED SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION, 3008 02:09:51,440 --> 02:09:55,440 AND IT WAS FURTHER DECREASED BY 3009 02:09:55,440 --> 02:09:55,760 ALCOHOL. 3010 02:09:55,760 --> 02:10:01,520 SO INTERESTINGLY, IN YOUNG 3011 02:10:01,520 --> 02:10:04,720 ANIMALS ALCOHOL DID NOT AFFECT 3012 02:10:04,720 --> 02:10:06,800 DISTOLIC FUNCTION, NO INCREASE 3013 02:10:06,800 --> 02:10:10,600 IN FIBROTIC REMODEL, HOWEVER IN 3014 02:10:10,600 --> 02:10:15,000 AGING ANIMALS WHERE DIASTOLIC 3015 02:10:15,000 --> 02:10:22,240 DYSFUNCTION, THERE WAS FURTHER 3016 02:10:22,240 --> 02:10:23,760 IMPAIRMENT OF DIASTOLIC 3017 02:10:23,760 --> 02:10:24,440 DYSFUNCTION, INCREASE FIBROTIC 3018 02:10:24,440 --> 02:10:28,040 REMODELING OF THE HEART. 3019 02:10:28,040 --> 02:10:30,960 THIS IS ANOTHER MARKER, 3020 02:10:30,960 --> 02:10:33,840 DIASTOLIC FUNCTION, THIS IS THE 3021 02:10:33,840 --> 02:10:35,480 DIASTOLIC PRESSURE IN 3022 02:10:35,480 --> 02:10:37,320 RELATIONSHIP WHICH IS IMPAIRED 3023 02:10:37,320 --> 02:10:38,720 BY AGING AND HIGHER 3024 02:10:38,720 --> 02:10:44,760 CONCENTRATION OF ALCOHOL IN 3025 02:10:44,760 --> 02:10:45,560 AGING ANIMALS. 3026 02:10:45,560 --> 02:10:55,760 AND THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT, 3027 02:10:55,760 --> 02:10:56,400 VENTRICULAR-ARTERIAL UNCOUPLING, 3028 02:10:56,400 --> 02:10:59,560 SO THIS IS WHICH GIVES YOU A 3029 02:10:59,560 --> 02:11:01,440 GOOD IMPRESSION OF STATE, 3030 02:11:01,440 --> 02:11:08,320 VASCULAR AND CARDIAC SYSTEM. 3031 02:11:08,320 --> 02:11:10,320 SO THIS IS ARTERY ELASTANCE. 3032 02:11:10,320 --> 02:11:14,560 IF YOU GO TO THE THEORY BELOW 3033 02:11:14,560 --> 02:11:18,040 NORMALLY THIS IS THE EFFICIENCY 3034 02:11:18,040 --> 02:11:19,040 OF THE TRANSMISSION OF THE 3035 02:11:19,040 --> 02:11:23,280 STROKE MODEL IN THE HEART DURING 3036 02:11:23,280 --> 02:11:25,720 THE CONTRACTION TO THE VASCULAR 3037 02:11:25,720 --> 02:11:26,400 SYSTEM. 3038 02:11:26,400 --> 02:11:27,560 YOU HAVE LOW CAPACITY DETERMINED 3039 02:11:27,560 --> 02:11:32,720 BY YOUR HEART AND ALSO 3040 02:11:32,720 --> 02:11:37,760 VASCULATURE, WITH CARDIOVASCULAR 3041 02:11:37,760 --> 02:11:40,480 AGING REVERSE CAPACITY IS 3042 02:11:40,480 --> 02:11:42,800 DECREASING, VASCULAR AND CARDIAC 3043 02:11:42,800 --> 02:11:45,480 SYSTEM IS GETTING UNCOUPLED. 3044 02:11:45,480 --> 02:11:47,160 WITH EXERCISE YOU CAN IMPROVE 3045 02:11:47,160 --> 02:11:49,680 THIS. 3046 02:11:49,680 --> 02:11:54,800 AND THIS IS IN HEART FAILURE 3047 02:11:54,800 --> 02:12:00,400 MORE UNCOUPLING OF THE SYSTEM. 3048 02:12:00,400 --> 02:12:04,560 ONE OF THE COMMON EFFECT 3049 02:12:04,560 --> 02:12:08,160 INCREASE -- I MEAN INCREASE 3050 02:12:08,160 --> 02:12:10,880 COUPLING, INCREASED DECOUPLING, 3051 02:12:10,880 --> 02:12:12,680 AND IN AGING EXPECTED INCREASED, 3052 02:12:12,680 --> 02:12:15,160 AND IT WAS FURTHER INCREASED SO 3053 02:12:15,160 --> 02:12:18,040 WHICH MEANS THAT IN THIS GROUP 3054 02:12:18,040 --> 02:12:21,400 REVERSE CAPACITY IS LARGELY 3055 02:12:21,400 --> 02:12:23,520 DECREASED, IF YOU HAVE LIKE 3056 02:12:23,520 --> 02:12:26,880 ARRHYTHMIAS OR SOMETHING LIKE A 3057 02:12:26,880 --> 02:12:29,080 SMALL INFARCTION, YOUR CAPACITY 3058 02:12:29,080 --> 02:12:33,880 TO COMPENSATE IS LARGELY 3059 02:12:33,880 --> 02:12:36,200 DECREASED, STRONG PREDICTOR OF 3060 02:12:36,200 --> 02:12:37,840 CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY. 3061 02:12:37,840 --> 02:12:43,880 SO THEN CONCLUDING SECOND PART, 3062 02:12:43,880 --> 02:12:44,920 CHRONIC ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, 3063 02:12:44,920 --> 02:12:49,120 HIGHER DOSE IN YOUNG RATS 3064 02:12:49,120 --> 02:12:52,600 TRIGGERS MYOCARDIAL OXIDATIVE 3065 02:12:52,600 --> 02:12:55,000 STRESS, DYSFUNCTION, PREDOMINANT 3066 02:12:55,000 --> 02:12:59,040 SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION, NOT VERY 3067 02:12:59,040 --> 02:13:01,160 FOUND. 3068 02:13:01,160 --> 02:13:05,400 CHRONIC ETHANOL CONSUMPTION 3069 02:13:05,400 --> 02:13:06,000 INDUCES VENTRICULAR-ARTERIAL 3070 02:13:06,000 --> 02:13:08,800 UNCOUPLING, BOTH YOUNG AND 3071 02:13:08,800 --> 02:13:11,400 AGING, MORE PROMINENT IN AGING 3072 02:13:11,400 --> 02:13:14,920 ANIMALS, AGING BY ITSELF, 3073 02:13:14,920 --> 02:13:17,320 ALREADY IMPAIRED, AND CHRONIC 3074 02:13:17,320 --> 02:13:19,640 ETHANOL CONSUMPTION I TRIED TO 3075 02:13:19,640 --> 02:13:22,880 WALK YOU THROUGH CHARACTERISTIC 3076 02:13:22,880 --> 02:13:25,560 MARKERS OR HALLMARKS OF 3077 02:13:25,560 --> 02:13:27,840 CARDIOVASCULAR AGING, OF THESE 3078 02:13:27,840 --> 02:13:28,080 MARKERS. 3079 02:13:28,080 --> 02:13:31,480 IN OTHER WORDS, IT IS 3080 02:13:31,480 --> 02:13:32,880 ACCELERATING CARDIOVASCULAR 3081 02:13:32,880 --> 02:13:33,080 AGING. 3082 02:13:33,080 --> 02:13:38,600 COULD NOT SEE MUCH EFFECT OF 3083 02:13:38,600 --> 02:13:40,600 MODERATE ALCOHOL AND BASED ON 3084 02:13:40,600 --> 02:13:42,880 THIS CONSUMPTION OF ETHANOL 3085 02:13:42,880 --> 02:13:46,800 SHOULD BE AVOIDED IN AGING 3086 02:13:46,800 --> 02:13:48,360 POPULATION, AND IN PARTICULAR 3087 02:13:48,360 --> 02:13:49,760 SUBJECTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR 3088 02:13:49,760 --> 02:13:54,520 DISEASE OR DIABETES BECAUSE IN 3089 02:13:54,520 --> 02:13:56,120 DIABETES YOU ALSO HAVE IMPAIRED 3090 02:13:56,120 --> 02:13:57,080 (INDISCERNIBLE). 3091 02:13:57,080 --> 02:14:00,280 I WOULD LIKE TO THANK PEOPLE IN 3092 02:14:00,280 --> 02:14:10,760 MY LAB, GEORGE K YOU CAN -- 3093 02:14:14,920 --> 02:14:20,000 GEORGE KUNOS AND DAVE LOVINGER, 3094 02:14:20,000 --> 02:14:25,880 AND PCSK9 IS IMPORTANT IN 3095 02:14:25,880 --> 02:14:28,680 ALCOHOL DRINKING, COLLABORATIVE 3096 02:14:28,680 --> 02:14:31,720 STUDIES WITH THE COHORT, 3097 02:14:31,720 --> 02:14:34,760 INSTITUTE AND GEORGE KOOB AND 3098 02:14:34,760 --> 02:14:36,120 SOME RELATED TO THE 3099 02:14:36,120 --> 02:14:36,800 INFLAMMATION, HOPEFULLY 3100 02:14:36,800 --> 02:14:44,800 PUBLISHED SOON. 3101 02:14:44,800 --> 02:14:46,040 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 3102 02:14:46,040 --> 02:14:46,920 >> THAT WAS GREAT. 3103 02:14:46,920 --> 02:14:49,440 IF ANY OF YOU NEED TO BE 3104 02:14:49,440 --> 02:14:52,440 CONVINCED THAT ALCOHOL CAUSES 3105 02:14:52,440 --> 02:14:55,280 PATHOLOGY, I THINK YOU JUST -- 3106 02:14:55,280 --> 02:14:59,280 THE LAST SECTION HITS IT HOME. 3107 02:14:59,280 --> 02:15:09,800 GIVEN WE HEARD FROM FALK ABOUT 3108 02:15:12,280 --> 02:15:13,320 PCSK9 AND AGING, HAVE YOU EVER 3109 02:15:13,320 --> 02:15:16,800 THOUGHT OF LOOKING AT SOME OF 3110 02:15:16,800 --> 02:15:18,680 THESE TRANSGENIC ANIMALS THAT 3111 02:15:18,680 --> 02:15:21,520 ARE LIKE MODELS FOR ALZHEIMER'S 3112 02:15:21,520 --> 02:15:25,600 DISEASE TO SEE WHETHER THERE'S 3113 02:15:25,600 --> 02:15:28,200 ANY BRAIN CARDIOVASCULAR 3114 02:15:28,200 --> 02:15:28,480 INTERACTION? 3115 02:15:28,480 --> 02:15:33,400 IS IT POSSIBLE THAT THIS IS ALL 3116 02:15:33,400 --> 02:15:34,520 LINKED, AGING -- 3117 02:15:34,520 --> 02:15:38,480 >> THIS IS VERY GOOD IDEA 3118 02:15:38,480 --> 02:15:41,560 BECAUSE IF YOU -- MANY PEOPLE DO 3119 02:15:41,560 --> 02:15:43,200 NOT REALIZE BUT ACTUALLY THE 3120 02:15:43,200 --> 02:15:45,160 BRAIN IS LARGELY COMPOSED OF 3121 02:15:45,160 --> 02:15:46,920 CHOLESTEROL AND WATER. 3122 02:15:46,920 --> 02:15:48,920 SO BASICALLY ALL NEURONS HAVE 3123 02:15:48,920 --> 02:15:52,280 LOTS OF CHOLESTEROL AND THEY 3124 02:15:52,280 --> 02:15:54,600 ALSO INVITE MATTER, 20% OF 3125 02:15:54,600 --> 02:15:58,440 CHOLESTEROL IN THE BODY IS IN 3126 02:15:58,440 --> 02:16:00,800 THE BRAIN. 3127 02:16:00,800 --> 02:16:02,240 AND BUT THE VERY INTERESTING 3128 02:16:02,240 --> 02:16:05,720 ASPECT, THERE'S MORE AND MORE 3129 02:16:05,720 --> 02:16:06,960 STUDIES SUGGESTING IN PART 3130 02:16:06,960 --> 02:16:08,160 CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE 3131 02:16:08,160 --> 02:16:12,240 BRAIN COULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR 3132 02:16:12,240 --> 02:16:13,880 SOME OF THE NEURODEGENERATIVE 3133 02:16:13,880 --> 02:16:16,160 DISEASES BUT THE TRICKY PART IT 3134 02:16:16,160 --> 02:16:19,120 APPEARS THE BRAIN CHOLESTEROL 3135 02:16:19,120 --> 02:16:21,520 METABOLISM AND LIVER, PERIPHERY, 3136 02:16:21,520 --> 02:16:24,800 IS KIND OF SHIELDED BY 3137 02:16:24,800 --> 02:16:25,800 BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, CHOLESTEROL 3138 02:16:25,800 --> 02:16:28,440 PRODUCE IN THE LIVER, LDL 3139 02:16:28,440 --> 02:16:30,000 NORMALLY WOULD NOT GO TO THE 3140 02:16:30,000 --> 02:16:35,200 BRAIN BECAUSE IT IS INHIBITED 3141 02:16:35,200 --> 02:16:36,720 BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, THE BRAIN 3142 02:16:36,720 --> 02:16:40,480 FORMS CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS BUT 3143 02:16:40,480 --> 02:16:41,200 DEFINITELY UNDER PATHOLOGICAL 3144 02:16:41,200 --> 02:16:42,520 CONDITIONS THE BLOOD-BRAIN 3145 02:16:42,520 --> 02:16:47,120 BARRIER COULD BE DISRUPTED AND 3146 02:16:47,120 --> 02:16:48,360 ALCOHOL FROM STUDIES CAN ALSO 3147 02:16:48,360 --> 02:16:49,720 INTERRUPT THE BLOOD-BRAIN 3148 02:16:49,720 --> 02:16:52,560 BARRIER, TRANSIENTLY SO IT IS 3149 02:16:52,560 --> 02:16:56,720 NOT LIKE COMPLETELY, PROPORTION 3150 02:16:56,720 --> 02:16:57,840 TO ALCOHOL LEVELS, HIGH LEVELS 3151 02:16:57,840 --> 02:17:03,200 OF ALCOHOL CAN BE TRANSIENTLY 3152 02:17:03,200 --> 02:17:07,480 IMPAIRED FOR TEN MINUTES, JUST 3153 02:17:07,480 --> 02:17:13,280 AN EXAMPLE, BUT IN DIFFERENT 3154 02:17:13,280 --> 02:17:16,960 PATHOLOGY NEUROINFLAMMATORY 3155 02:17:16,960 --> 02:17:18,640 DISEASES, THIS IS A VERY 3156 02:17:18,640 --> 02:17:23,480 INTERESTING AREA, WE TRY TO 3157 02:17:23,480 --> 02:17:28,160 MOVE, THE CARDIOVASCULAR TO THE 3158 02:17:28,160 --> 02:17:29,560 (INDISCERNIBLE) WHICH IS 3159 02:17:29,560 --> 02:17:31,200 DIFFICULT CHANGE LIKE, FOR 3160 02:17:31,200 --> 02:17:34,640 EXAMPLE, PCSK9 IN THE HEART I 3161 02:17:34,640 --> 02:17:35,680 THINK I CONVINCED YOU IT IS NOT 3162 02:17:35,680 --> 02:17:40,840 IN THE HEART AT ALL BUT SOME 3163 02:17:40,840 --> 02:17:42,400 PEOPLE THINK (INDISCERNIBLE) 3164 02:17:42,400 --> 02:17:51,800 FROM THE HEART, COMPARED TO 3165 02:17:51,800 --> 02:17:52,600 TROPONIN, LESS IN THE HEART, IN 3166 02:17:52,600 --> 02:17:55,400 OTHER WORDS IT IS NOT THERE. 3167 02:17:55,400 --> 02:17:58,000 >> REMIND ME, MAYBE BY E-MAIL, 3168 02:17:58,000 --> 02:18:00,360 TO TELL YOU ABOUT NORA VOLKOW'S 3169 02:18:00,360 --> 02:18:02,520 FINDINGS WITH CHOLESTEROL IN THE 3170 02:18:02,520 --> 02:18:08,000 BRAIN AND HER IMAGING STUDIES 3171 02:18:08,000 --> 02:18:09,000 BECAUSE THERE'S SOME INDICATION 3172 02:18:09,000 --> 02:18:11,280 IT MAY BE INTERFERING WITH 3173 02:18:11,280 --> 02:18:12,720 MEASURES OF INFLAMMATION SHE'S 3174 02:18:12,720 --> 02:18:15,800 DOING WITH PET SCAN. 3175 02:18:15,800 --> 02:18:17,520 >> AND ALSO GOING BACK TO YOUR 3176 02:18:17,520 --> 02:18:20,080 QUESTION, THE HUMAN BRAIN ALSO 3177 02:18:20,080 --> 02:18:22,280 STARTED TO DEVELOP WHEN WE 3178 02:18:22,280 --> 02:18:24,560 STARTED TO EAT ACTUALLY MEAT. 3179 02:18:24,560 --> 02:18:28,400 AND THIS IS IN PART BECAUSE YOU 3180 02:18:28,400 --> 02:18:32,240 NEED CHOLESTEROL ALSO FOR THE 3181 02:18:32,240 --> 02:18:41,640 BRAIN, SO IT IS VERY IMPORTANT I 3182 02:18:41,640 --> 02:18:41,840 THINK. 3183 02:18:41,840 --> 02:18:42,120 >> CHUCK? 3184 02:18:42,120 --> 02:18:43,200 >> GREAT STUDIES. 3185 02:18:43,200 --> 02:18:44,720 SOMEBODY WORKS ON CARDIOVASCULAR 3186 02:18:44,720 --> 02:18:46,880 FUNCTION AND REALLY TAKEN IT TO 3187 02:18:46,880 --> 02:18:48,680 THE NEXT STEP. 3188 02:18:48,680 --> 02:18:50,240 SHOULD BE CONGRATULATED. 3189 02:18:50,240 --> 02:18:57,080 I MAY HAVE MISSED DETAILS IN THE 3190 02:18:57,080 --> 02:18:58,040 PCSK9 INHIBITOR STUDY. 3191 02:18:58,040 --> 02:18:59,520 THAT WAS IN ACUTE, THOSE ARE -- 3192 02:18:59,520 --> 02:19:03,760 HOW LONG DID YOU GIVE THE 3193 02:19:03,760 --> 02:19:05,040 INHIBITOR TREATMENT? 3194 02:19:05,040 --> 02:19:07,480 >> ALMOST TWO MONTHS. 3195 02:19:07,480 --> 02:19:09,120 >> DOES THAT -- DOES THIS 3196 02:19:09,120 --> 02:19:13,080 SURPRISE YOU SO YOU GET AN AGING 3197 02:19:13,080 --> 02:19:14,600 INDUCED CARDIOVASCULAR 3198 02:19:14,600 --> 02:19:15,920 DYSFUNCTION, RIGHT? 3199 02:19:15,920 --> 02:19:17,560 THAT TAKES MONTHS, YEARS, TO 3200 02:19:17,560 --> 02:19:19,440 DEVELOP BECAUSE IT'S A TWO-YEAR 3201 02:19:19,440 --> 02:19:22,760 DIFFERENCE IN AGE, RIGHT? 3202 02:19:22,760 --> 02:19:26,520 AND THAT YOU CAN REVERSE THAT 3203 02:19:26,520 --> 02:19:28,720 LONG-TERM EFFECT IN DYSFUNCTION 3204 02:19:28,720 --> 02:19:30,320 BY A RELATIVELY ACUTE 3205 02:19:30,320 --> 02:19:30,720 ADMINISTRATION. 3206 02:19:30,720 --> 02:19:32,640 >> NO, ACTUALLY I WAS SURPRISED, 3207 02:19:32,640 --> 02:19:33,560 THE INITIAL -- 3208 02:19:33,560 --> 02:19:34,440 >> SURPRISE IS -- 3209 02:19:34,440 --> 02:19:38,120 >> THESE ARE NOT SURE AND WE 3210 02:19:38,120 --> 02:19:39,320 DESIGNED DIFFERENT STUDIES, 3211 02:19:39,320 --> 02:19:41,400 DIFFERENT DURATION, AND I HOPE 3212 02:19:41,400 --> 02:19:44,800 DON'T NEED TO GO FOR HALF YEAR 3213 02:19:44,800 --> 02:19:46,320 AND ONE YEAR, BUT THIS ALSO 3214 02:19:46,320 --> 02:19:53,800 SURPRISED ME , I WAS INITIALLY 3215 02:19:53,800 --> 02:19:55,960 SKEPTICAL, WE NEED TO BE REALLY 3216 02:19:55,960 --> 02:19:58,880 LUCKY, BUT IT WAS VERY, VERY 3217 02:19:58,880 --> 02:20:00,960 CLEAR CUT. 3218 02:20:00,960 --> 02:20:03,600 AND NOW ALL THE STUDIES COMING 3219 02:20:03,600 --> 02:20:04,640 OUT. 3220 02:20:04,640 --> 02:20:09,080 NOT ONLY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, 3221 02:20:09,080 --> 02:20:13,760 NOW THERE'S ALSO PCSK9 INHIBITOR 3222 02:20:13,760 --> 02:20:16,960 WHICH STUDIES CAME OUT, AND ALSO 3223 02:20:16,960 --> 02:20:21,880 THERE ARE ALSO EFFECT OF PCSK9, 3224 02:20:21,880 --> 02:20:24,960 FOR EXAMPLE NOW A FEW MONTHS AGO 3225 02:20:24,960 --> 02:20:28,320 THE STUDY WAS PUBLISHED IN 3226 02:20:28,320 --> 02:20:29,960 JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CARDIOLOGY 3227 02:20:29,960 --> 02:20:36,000 THAT SUBJECTS WITH COVID WHO HAD 3228 02:20:36,000 --> 02:20:37,520 LIKE PCSK9 INHIBITOR TREATMENT 3229 02:20:37,520 --> 02:20:39,520 SURVIVED MUCH BETTER AND THEY 3230 02:20:39,520 --> 02:20:42,120 HAD DECREASED LUNG INFLAMMATION. 3231 02:20:42,120 --> 02:20:44,200 SO THERE IS DEFINITELY LOTS OF 3232 02:20:44,200 --> 02:20:46,280 THINGS ABOUT PCSK9 WHICH WE 3233 02:20:46,280 --> 02:20:51,120 STILL DON'T UNDERSTAND AND WE 3234 02:20:51,120 --> 02:20:53,200 DON'T UNDERSTAND WHAT PCSK9 BY 3235 02:20:53,200 --> 02:20:56,560 ITSELF IS DOING, IF NOT IN 3236 02:20:56,560 --> 02:20:57,560 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DOESN'T 3237 02:20:57,560 --> 02:21:04,120 MEAN IT'S DOING -- KIND OF 3238 02:21:04,120 --> 02:21:06,000 (INDISCERNIBLE) WHICH CAN 3239 02:21:06,000 --> 02:21:08,320 TRIGGER LOTS OF PROCESSES 3240 02:21:08,320 --> 02:21:09,160 VARIOUS CELL TYPES. 3241 02:21:09,160 --> 02:21:11,040 AND THERE IS ACTUALLY MORE AND 3242 02:21:11,040 --> 02:21:17,960 MORE EVIDENCE ON THAT BUT WE 3243 02:21:17,960 --> 02:21:20,160 STILL DON'T KNOW EXACTLY. 3244 02:21:20,160 --> 02:21:24,960 IN MY OPINION GOOD NEWS 3245 02:21:24,960 --> 02:21:26,920 REGARDING PCSK9 YOU HAVE 3246 02:21:26,920 --> 02:21:27,840 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AND 3247 02:21:27,840 --> 02:21:30,000 SYNTHESIS IN THE LIVER AND 3248 02:21:30,000 --> 02:21:32,200 CLINICAL EFFICIENCY IS PROGRESS, 3249 02:21:32,200 --> 02:21:36,840 THIS MAKES THE STORY MUCH MORE 3250 02:21:36,840 --> 02:21:37,080 EXCITING. 3251 02:21:37,080 --> 02:21:39,000 >> SO ONE QUICK QUESTION FROM 3252 02:21:39,000 --> 02:21:39,600 DAVID GOLDMAN. 3253 02:21:39,600 --> 02:21:41,720 CAN YOU DO A QUICK QUESTION? 3254 02:21:41,720 --> 02:21:43,440 >> YES, I CAN. 3255 02:21:43,440 --> 02:21:48,680 FIRST PCSK9 IS A HOT TOPIC AND 3256 02:21:48,680 --> 02:21:49,320 NIAAA AND CONGRATULATIONS, PAL. 3257 02:21:49,320 --> 02:21:54,400 WHAT I WANTED TO ASK YOU IS IF 3258 02:21:54,400 --> 02:21:57,160 YOUR SPATIAL TRANSCRIPTOMICS HAD 3259 02:21:57,160 --> 02:22:03,920 INDICATED THAT IN HEART THERE 3260 02:22:03,920 --> 02:22:08,760 ARE SPECIFIC TRANSCRIPTOMICS OF 3261 02:22:08,760 --> 02:22:11,320 PCSK9 OR THIS GENE NETWORK 14 3262 02:22:11,320 --> 02:22:12,360 THAT ARE HAPPENING IN PARTICULAR 3263 02:22:12,360 --> 02:22:13,240 CELLS WITHIN THE HEART. 3264 02:22:13,240 --> 02:22:14,000 THANK YOU. 3265 02:22:14,000 --> 02:22:18,480 IT'S GREAT TO SEE THE SPATIAL 3266 02:22:18,480 --> 02:22:18,840 TRANSCRIPTOMICS. 3267 02:22:18,840 --> 02:22:21,200 >> THANKS, DAVE. 3268 02:22:21,200 --> 02:22:25,240 WE ACTUALLY USED THE PUBLICLY 3269 02:22:25,240 --> 02:22:28,320 AVAILABLE DATABASE, BUT WE ALSO 3270 02:22:28,320 --> 02:22:32,600 USED VARIOUS OTHER METHODS 3271 02:22:32,600 --> 02:22:34,440 INCLUDING ELISA, TRANSCRIPTOMIC 3272 02:22:34,440 --> 02:22:37,280 DATA FROM RATS, ALSO CHECKED 3273 02:22:37,280 --> 02:22:39,840 MICE WE USED DIGITAL PCR 3274 02:22:39,840 --> 02:22:43,000 QUANTIFICATION AND THERE'S 3275 02:22:43,000 --> 02:22:45,280 PRACTICALLY NO PCSK9 IN THE 3276 02:22:45,280 --> 02:22:47,600 HEART, REMINISCENT FOR ME ON THE 3277 02:22:47,600 --> 02:22:48,720 STORY OF CB2 RECEPTOR IN THE 3278 02:22:48,720 --> 02:22:53,200 BRAIN AND NEURONS BUT AT LEAST 3279 02:22:53,200 --> 02:22:56,040 WE CANNOT FIND THIS. 3280 02:22:56,040 --> 02:22:56,920 3281 02:22:56,920 --> 02:23:00,600 >> THANK YOU. 3282 02:23:00,600 --> 02:23:02,640 >> PAL IS EASILY FINDABLE, IN 3283 02:23:02,640 --> 02:23:03,600 OUR IRP. 3284 02:23:03,600 --> 02:23:06,720 IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, I DO, BUT 3285 02:23:06,720 --> 02:23:07,000 FOR LATER. 3286 02:23:07,000 --> 02:23:09,280 I'M SURE HE'D BE HAPPY TO ANSWER 3287 02:23:09,280 --> 02:23:09,640 YOUR E-MAILS. 3288 02:23:09,640 --> 02:23:10,880 >> YES, THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 3289 02:23:10,880 --> 02:23:13,520 >> THANKS, PAL. 3290 02:23:13,520 --> 02:23:15,160 THAT WAS EXCELLENT. 3291 02:23:15,160 --> 02:23:16,600 AND DAVID, YOUR TALK WAS 3292 02:23:16,600 --> 02:23:17,800 EXCELLENT AS WELL. 3293 02:23:17,800 --> 02:23:22,640 AND NOW WE'RE GOING TO HEAR FROM 3294 02:23:22,640 --> 02:23:26,720 OUR NEW SCIENTIFIC DIVERSITY 3295 02:23:26,720 --> 02:23:27,880 OFFICER, DAWN WAYMAN. 3296 02:23:27,880 --> 02:23:29,400 SO I'VE ALREADY INTRODUCED HER 3297 02:23:29,400 --> 02:23:31,040 ON A SLIDE. 3298 02:23:31,040 --> 02:23:32,560 BUT I'LL REPEAT IT. 3299 02:23:32,560 --> 02:23:40,440 SHE'S LEADING OUR EFFORTS TO 3300 02:23:40,440 --> 02:23:41,000 FORMULATE, PLAN, EXECUTE, 3301 02:23:41,000 --> 02:23:41,640 EVALUATE AND DIVERSITY, EQUITY, 3302 02:23:41,640 --> 02:23:43,520 INCLUSION, AND ACCESSIBILITY, 3303 02:23:43,520 --> 02:23:49,440 OUR D. DEIA INITIATIVES, 3304 02:23:49,440 --> 02:23:50,520 GRADUATE OF BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF 3305 02:23:50,520 --> 02:23:53,080 PUBLIC HEALTH, 14 YEARS AT NIH, 3306 02:23:53,080 --> 02:23:55,600 EXPERIENCE IN BOTH INTRAMURAL 3307 02:23:55,600 --> 02:23:56,560 AND EXTRAMURAL PROGRAMS, AND 3308 02:23:56,560 --> 02:23:59,200 JUST PRIOR TO JOINING US AT 3309 02:23:59,200 --> 02:24:03,240 NIAAA LED THE STRATEGIC 3310 02:24:03,240 --> 02:24:05,240 DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION BRANCH 3311 02:24:05,240 --> 02:24:08,040 OF OFFICE OF DIVERSITY, EQUITY, 3312 02:24:08,040 --> 02:24:08,800 AND INCLUSION. 3313 02:24:08,800 --> 02:24:10,800 DAWN DOESN'T KNOW IT YET BUT I'M 3314 02:24:10,800 --> 02:24:15,840 GOING TO ASK HER TO JOIN US AT 3315 02:24:15,840 --> 02:24:16,680 COUNCIL OFFICIALLY FROM 3316 02:24:16,680 --> 02:24:18,040 HENCEFORTH WITH THE REST OF THE 3317 02:24:18,040 --> 02:24:20,320 STAFF AND SHE'S GOING TO JUST 3318 02:24:20,320 --> 02:24:22,960 GIVE US A BRIEFING TODAY FOR A 3319 02:24:22,960 --> 02:24:24,280 FEW MINUTES, ABOUT WHAT SHE'S 3320 02:24:24,280 --> 02:24:27,000 THINKING ABOUT AND WHAT WE'RE 3321 02:24:27,000 --> 02:24:27,440 PLANNING ON DOING. 3322 02:24:27,440 --> 02:24:29,200 >> THANK YOU, DR. KOOB. 3323 02:24:29,200 --> 02:24:30,600 GOOD AFTERNOON TO EVERYONE. 3324 02:24:30,600 --> 02:24:33,800 I'M HAPPY TO SEE YOU AND GAD TO 3325 02:24:33,800 --> 02:24:37,520 BE ABLE TO -- GLAD TO SHARE THE 3326 02:24:37,520 --> 02:24:39,520 WORK WE'RE HOPING TO DO IN 3327 02:24:39,520 --> 02:24:40,680 DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION, 3328 02:24:40,680 --> 02:24:42,640 AND ACCESSIBILITY HERE AT NIAAA. 3329 02:24:42,640 --> 02:24:44,840 MUCH OF WHAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK 3330 02:24:44,840 --> 02:24:46,280 ABOUT TODAY IS JUST INTRODUCTION 3331 02:24:46,280 --> 02:24:49,160 TO WHO I AM AND THEN AT THE END 3332 02:24:49,160 --> 02:24:51,240 WE'LL WRAP UP WITH SOME THOUGHTS 3333 02:24:51,240 --> 02:24:52,840 ABOUT WHERE THE NEXT SIX MONTHS 3334 02:24:52,840 --> 02:24:53,640 WILL TAKE US. 3335 02:24:53,640 --> 02:24:55,680 I SHOULD LET YOU KNOW IN ADVANCE 3336 02:24:55,680 --> 02:24:58,760 THIS IS I BELIEVE MY 11th WEEK 3337 02:24:58,760 --> 02:24:59,400 HERE. 3338 02:24:59,400 --> 02:25:01,800 SO IN 11 WEEKS YOU CAN DO 3339 02:25:01,800 --> 02:25:03,760 OBSERVING BUT IT TAKES A LITTLE 3340 02:25:03,760 --> 02:25:05,320 BIT MORE TIME THAN 11 WEEKS TO 3341 02:25:05,320 --> 02:25:07,040 ACTUALLY GET YOUR ROADMAP IN 3342 02:25:07,040 --> 02:25:08,760 PLACE SO YOU KNOW WHERE YOU ARE 3343 02:25:08,760 --> 02:25:11,720 AND WHERE IT IS THAT YOU ARE 3344 02:25:11,720 --> 02:25:13,360 TRYING TO GO. 3345 02:25:13,360 --> 02:25:15,080 JUST WANT TO GIVE THAT 3346 02:25:15,080 --> 02:25:17,040 DISCLAIMER SO WHEN WE GET TO THE 3347 02:25:17,040 --> 02:25:18,920 PLACE OF ASKING QUESTIONS YOU 3348 02:25:18,920 --> 02:25:20,560 ALREADY KNOW I'M 11 WEEKS IN. 3349 02:25:20,560 --> 02:25:23,280 SO A LITTLE BIT ABOUT ME. 3350 02:25:23,280 --> 02:25:26,520 AS DR. KOOB SHARED, I DID DO MY 3351 02:25:26,520 --> 02:25:28,680 GRADUATE WORK AT JOHNS HOPKINS 3352 02:25:28,680 --> 02:25:31,520 UNIVERSITY, BACKGROUND IN 3353 02:25:31,520 --> 02:25:33,480 INFECTIOUS DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY. 3354 02:25:33,480 --> 02:25:35,800 AT HOPKINS MY RESEARCH WAS 3355 02:25:35,800 --> 02:25:37,200 AROUND LOOKING AT COMMUNITY 3356 02:25:37,200 --> 02:25:38,600 LEVEL FACTORS, HOW THEY 3357 02:25:38,600 --> 02:25:39,720 INFLUENCE THE INDIVIDUAL'S RISK 3358 02:25:39,720 --> 02:25:40,960 FOR DISEASE. 3359 02:25:40,960 --> 02:25:42,480 I SHARE THAT BECAUSE IN ALL THE 3360 02:25:42,480 --> 02:25:45,520 WORK THAT I'VE DONE, I'VE ALWAYS 3361 02:25:45,520 --> 02:25:48,440 BEEN INTERESTED IN HOW POLICIES 3362 02:25:48,440 --> 02:25:50,680 AND PRACTICES AT COMMUNITY 3363 02:25:50,680 --> 02:25:53,600 LEVELS OR GROUP LEVELS IMPACT 3364 02:25:53,600 --> 02:25:55,480 OUTCOMES FOR INDIVIDUALS. 3365 02:25:55,480 --> 02:25:57,680 SO I LEFT HOPKINS, WAS 3366 02:25:57,680 --> 02:25:59,800 EPIDEMIOLOGIST FOR A LOCAL 3367 02:25:59,800 --> 02:26:01,040 HEALTH DEPARTMENT IN MARYLAND, 3368 02:26:01,040 --> 02:26:05,120 THEN CAME TO THE NIH AND WORKED 3369 02:26:05,120 --> 02:26:10,160 AT GENOME, AND LOOKED AT HOW 3370 02:26:10,160 --> 02:26:11,600 CLINICIANS MADE DECISIONS ABOUT 3371 02:26:11,600 --> 02:26:13,440 PATIENTS RELATED TO RACE, SO 3372 02:26:13,440 --> 02:26:16,760 TRYING TO UNDERSTAND IF RACE WAS 3373 02:26:16,760 --> 02:26:20,000 VIEWED AS A BIOLOGICAL FACTOR OR 3374 02:26:20,000 --> 02:26:21,440 SOCIAL FACTOR, IN CLINICAL 3375 02:26:21,440 --> 02:26:23,400 DECISION MAKING FOR PATIENTS. 3376 02:26:23,400 --> 02:26:25,680 CLINICIANS WERE BOTH PHYSICIANS 3377 02:26:25,680 --> 02:26:27,120 AND NURSES BECAUSE WE RECOGNIZE 3378 02:26:27,120 --> 02:26:28,840 THERE ARE MANY INDIVIDUALS WHO 3379 02:26:28,840 --> 02:26:31,040 PLAY A ROLE IN CARING FOR 3380 02:26:31,040 --> 02:26:31,320 PATIENTS. 3381 02:26:31,320 --> 02:26:34,680 FROM THERE MOVED INTO THE 3382 02:26:34,680 --> 02:26:35,440 EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY. 3383 02:26:35,440 --> 02:26:36,640 ULTIMATELY LANDED IN A PROGRAM 3384 02:26:36,640 --> 02:26:39,280 HERE AT NIH THAT ALLOWED ME TO 3385 02:26:39,280 --> 02:26:40,800 TRANSITION FROM THE SCIENTIFIC 3386 02:26:40,800 --> 02:26:43,760 COMMUNITY TO NOW TAKING KIND OF 3387 02:26:43,760 --> 02:26:45,840 THE EPILENS INTO UNDERSTANDING 3388 02:26:45,840 --> 02:26:46,760 WORKFORCE PROBLEMS. 3389 02:26:46,760 --> 02:26:49,680 SO I'VE LEARNED A LOT ABOUT H.R. 3390 02:26:49,680 --> 02:26:51,320 AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL, WHICH I 3391 02:26:51,320 --> 02:26:52,880 BELIEVE IS REALLY IMPORTANT IN 3392 02:26:52,880 --> 02:26:54,800 TRYING TO ADDRESS ISSUES OF 3393 02:26:54,800 --> 02:26:58,320 INEQUITY IN THE WORKFORCE, AND 3394 02:26:58,320 --> 02:27:06,280 THEN GETTING INTO THE D. DEIA 3395 02:27:06,280 --> 02:27:08,920 SPACE LANDING AT NIAAA, LOOK AT 3396 02:27:08,920 --> 02:27:10,360 THIS SLIDE, IT'S NOT OUR 3397 02:27:10,360 --> 02:27:12,200 DIFFERENCES THAT DIVIDE US, IT'S 3398 02:27:12,200 --> 02:27:13,880 OUR INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE, 3399 02:27:13,880 --> 02:27:15,400 ACCEPT, AND CELEBRATE THOSE 3400 02:27:15,400 --> 02:27:15,720 DIFFERENCES. 3401 02:27:15,720 --> 02:27:17,480 I THINK THAT'S SO IMPORTANT. 3402 02:27:17,480 --> 02:27:19,080 IT'S THE FOUNDATION OF ALL THE 3403 02:27:19,080 --> 02:27:21,400 WORK I SEEK TO DO THAT I DON'T 3404 02:27:21,400 --> 02:27:23,280 TRY TO DIMINISH ALL THE 3405 02:27:23,280 --> 02:27:25,000 DIFFERENCES THAT WE BRING TO THE 3406 02:27:25,000 --> 02:27:27,880 TABLE, WE HAVE DIFFERENT LIVED 3407 02:27:27,880 --> 02:27:30,280 EXPERIENCES, WE HAVE DIFFERENT 3408 02:27:30,280 --> 02:27:30,840 EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES, 3409 02:27:30,840 --> 02:27:32,000 DIFFERENT RESEARCH INTERESTS, WE 3410 02:27:32,000 --> 02:27:33,560 HAVE A WHOLE LOT OF DIFFERENCES, 3411 02:27:33,560 --> 02:27:35,320 DIFFERENCE IN THE WAY WE THINK, 3412 02:27:35,320 --> 02:27:37,640 IN THE WAY WE PRESENT, IN JUST 3413 02:27:37,640 --> 02:27:40,040 HOW WE SHOW UP. 3414 02:27:40,040 --> 02:27:42,960 BUT THOSE DIFFERENCES DON'T MAKE 3415 02:27:42,960 --> 02:27:44,680 US INVALUABLE TO THE EXPERIENCE. 3416 02:27:44,680 --> 02:27:46,000 AND SO I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ALL 3417 02:27:46,000 --> 02:27:48,760 OF US IN THE WORK THAT WE DO 3418 02:27:48,760 --> 02:27:51,520 BOTH IN THE INSTITUTE LOOKING AT 3419 02:27:51,520 --> 02:27:52,600 INTRAMURAL AND THE NIAAA 3420 02:27:52,600 --> 02:27:55,080 WORKFORCE AS WELL AS OUR WORK IN 3421 02:27:55,080 --> 02:27:55,960 THE EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY, I WANT 3422 02:27:55,960 --> 02:28:00,160 US TO LOOK AT HOW WE CAN 3423 02:28:00,160 --> 02:28:00,920 CELEBRATE AND ACCEPT AND 3424 02:28:00,920 --> 02:28:02,000 RECOGNIZE DIFFERENCES BECAUSE 3425 02:28:02,000 --> 02:28:03,120 WHEN WE RECOGNIZE THE 3426 02:28:03,120 --> 02:28:04,320 DIFFERENCES THAT'S WHEN WE'RE 3427 02:28:04,320 --> 02:28:07,400 ABLE TO DO THINGS TO ADDRESS THE 3428 02:28:07,400 --> 02:28:15,680 INEQUITIES THAT ARE CAUSED BY 3429 02:28:15,680 --> 02:28:16,000 DIFFERENCE. 3430 02:28:16,000 --> 02:28:17,120 ONE IMPORTANT QUESTION, WHY AIM 3431 02:28:17,120 --> 02:28:18,000 HERE AT NIAAA? 3432 02:28:18,000 --> 02:28:19,520 IT'S NOT JUST BECAUSE I WAS 3433 02:28:19,520 --> 02:28:20,080 OFFERED A JOB. 3434 02:28:20,080 --> 02:28:23,800 THAT WAS KEY FOR ME TO COME HERE 3435 02:28:23,800 --> 02:28:25,000 TO NIAAA. 3436 02:28:25,000 --> 02:28:28,160 BUT I'VE WORKED IN MANY I.C.s, 3437 02:28:28,160 --> 02:28:32,440 MAYBE NOT MANY, A FEW I.C.s. 3438 02:28:32,440 --> 02:28:34,840 MEDIUM SIZE ICs, O.D. AS A 3439 02:28:34,840 --> 02:28:37,240 WHOLE, WORKED AT SMALLER OFFICES 3440 02:28:37,240 --> 02:28:38,360 WITHIN THE NIH. 3441 02:28:38,360 --> 02:28:42,280 WHAT I KNOW IS THAT THE KEY TO 3442 02:28:42,280 --> 02:28:44,840 THIS WORK BEING SUCCESSFUL IS 3443 02:28:44,840 --> 02:28:46,240 LEADERSHIP TEAM THAT SUPPORTS 3444 02:28:46,240 --> 02:28:46,520 IT. 3445 02:28:46,520 --> 02:28:49,200 SO WHEN I WENT THROUGH THE 3446 02:28:49,200 --> 02:28:50,720 INTERVIEW PROCESS, IT BECAME 3447 02:28:50,720 --> 02:28:52,800 EVIDENT TO ME THAT THIS 3448 02:28:52,800 --> 02:28:53,680 LEADERSHIP TEAM SUPPORTED THE 3449 02:28:53,680 --> 02:28:54,560 WORK. 3450 02:28:54,560 --> 02:28:56,160 ONE QUESTION THAT I ASKED DURING 3451 02:28:56,160 --> 02:28:59,040 MY INTERVIEW WAS ARE WE ONLY 3452 02:28:59,040 --> 02:29:00,000 LOOKING AT NUMBERS? 3453 02:29:00,000 --> 02:29:02,520 BECAUSE IF WE'RE ONLY LOOKING AT 3454 02:29:02,520 --> 02:29:04,600 CHANGES IN NUMBERS, THEN WE MAY 3455 02:29:04,600 --> 02:29:07,200 NOT BE SUCCESSFUL IN DOING THIS 3456 02:29:07,200 --> 02:29:07,560 WORK. 3457 02:29:07,560 --> 02:29:09,320 I SAY THAT BECAUSE NUMBERS DON'T 3458 02:29:09,320 --> 02:29:10,840 CHANGE A WHOLE LOT. 3459 02:29:10,840 --> 02:29:15,120 BUT HOW WE THINK AND HOW WE FEEL 3460 02:29:15,120 --> 02:29:18,400 ABOUT THIS WORK CAN INFLUENCE 3461 02:29:18,400 --> 02:29:19,040 CULTURE AND CAN CHANGE WHETHER 3462 02:29:19,040 --> 02:29:22,120 OR NOT WE HAVE AN INCLUSIVE 3463 02:29:22,120 --> 02:29:22,760 ENVIRONMENT. 3464 02:29:22,760 --> 02:29:23,480 AND SO THE LEADERSHIP SUPPORTS 3465 02:29:23,480 --> 02:29:24,400 THE WORK. 3466 02:29:24,400 --> 02:29:26,280 THAT WAS KEY FOR ME COMING TO 3467 02:29:26,280 --> 02:29:27,040 JOIN THIS ORGANIZATION. 3468 02:29:27,040 --> 02:29:30,640 THE I.C. IS THE RIGHT SIZE. 3469 02:29:30,640 --> 02:29:32,320 THE NIH IS 17,000+ EMPLOYEES. 3470 02:29:32,320 --> 02:29:34,760 I WORKED IN THE NIH OFFICE OF 3471 02:29:34,760 --> 02:29:35,400 EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION 3472 02:29:35,400 --> 02:29:37,440 AND I CAN TELL YOU THEY DO GREAT 3473 02:29:37,440 --> 02:29:38,480 WORK. 3474 02:29:38,480 --> 02:29:39,840 BUT IT'S HARD TO INFLUENCE 3475 02:29:39,840 --> 02:29:43,360 17,000 PEOPLE WHEN IT COMES TO 3476 02:29:43,360 --> 02:29:44,440 MAKING CHANGE. 3477 02:29:44,440 --> 02:29:45,960 NIAAA IS THE RIGHT SIZE. 3478 02:29:45,960 --> 02:29:48,480 IT'S SMALL ENOUGH THAT YOU CAN 3479 02:29:48,480 --> 02:29:52,280 KNOW EVERYTHING. 3480 02:29:52,280 --> 02:29:55,080 AND IN KNOWING EVERYBODY YOU CAN 3481 02:29:55,080 --> 02:29:58,520 UNDERSTAND NUANCES THAT NEED 3482 02:29:58,520 --> 02:29:59,960 LEADERSHIP ATTENTION TO ADDRESS 3483 02:29:59,960 --> 02:30:00,480 CHANGES. 3484 02:30:00,480 --> 02:30:02,160 I HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO BECOME 3485 02:30:02,160 --> 02:30:03,720 AN INTERN HERE FOR A FEW MONTHS, 3486 02:30:03,720 --> 02:30:04,760 HAD A GREAT TIME. 3487 02:30:04,760 --> 02:30:06,960 I KNEW WHAT I WAS BEING TOLD IN 3488 02:30:06,960 --> 02:30:07,960 THE INTERVIEW WASN'T JUST GOOD 3489 02:30:07,960 --> 02:30:10,360 TALK BUT IT WAS ACTUALLY TRUTH 3490 02:30:10,360 --> 02:30:14,400 ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION. 3491 02:30:14,400 --> 02:30:16,040 LASTLY, THERE'S WORK TO BE DONE. 3492 02:30:16,040 --> 02:30:19,640 NOT TO SAY NIAAA IS IN A BAD 3493 02:30:19,640 --> 02:30:21,760 SPACE IN THE DEIA REALM, JUST 3494 02:30:21,760 --> 02:30:23,400 THAT THERE'S WORKING TO DONE. 3495 02:30:23,400 --> 02:30:28,240 I WOULD SAY THE SAME AT ANY 3496 02:30:28,240 --> 02:30:29,320 OTHER INSTITUTE OR ORGANIZATION, 3497 02:30:29,320 --> 02:30:30,720 THERE'S WORK TO BE DONE AND I'M 3498 02:30:30,720 --> 02:30:33,160 HERE BECAUSE I WANT TO BE A PART 3499 02:30:33,160 --> 02:30:35,560 OF DOING THE WORK. 3500 02:30:35,560 --> 02:30:39,120 SO WE'RE GUIDED BY THE 3501 02:30:39,120 --> 02:30:39,680 DEFINITIONS OF DIVERSITY, 3502 02:30:39,680 --> 02:30:40,920 EQUITY, INCLUSION, AND 3503 02:30:40,920 --> 02:30:42,800 ACCESSIBILITY THAT ARE OUTLINED 3504 02:30:42,800 --> 02:30:48,600 IN EXECUTIVE ORDER 14035 THAT 3505 02:30:48,600 --> 02:30:49,480 THE PRESIDENT RELEASED NOT LONG 3506 02:30:49,480 --> 02:30:51,120 AFTER HE TOOK OFFICE. 3507 02:30:51,120 --> 02:30:52,760 SO THESE DEFINITIONS I WON'T 3508 02:30:52,760 --> 02:30:54,400 READ THEM, BUT THESE ARE THE 3509 02:30:54,400 --> 02:30:57,240 DEFINITIONS THAT WILL GUIDE OUR 3510 02:30:57,240 --> 02:30:58,520 WORK, THE IMPORTANT THING I WANT 3511 02:30:58,520 --> 02:31:01,400 TO STRESS IS THAT ALL FOUR 3512 02:31:01,400 --> 02:31:03,120 ELEMENTS ARE IMPORTANT. 3513 02:31:03,120 --> 02:31:05,080 WE COULD BE A PLACE WITH GREAT 3514 02:31:05,080 --> 02:31:06,080 DIVERSITY BUT PEOPLE DON'T FEEL 3515 02:31:06,080 --> 02:31:09,040 LIKE THEY ARE A PART OF IT. 3516 02:31:09,040 --> 02:31:11,480 WE COULD THINK THAT WE'RE 3517 02:31:11,480 --> 02:31:14,960 INCLUDING PEOPLE BUT WE NEGLECT 3518 02:31:14,960 --> 02:31:15,280 ACCESSIBILITY. 3519 02:31:15,280 --> 02:31:17,840 SO EVERY ASPECT OF THIS EQUATION 3520 02:31:17,840 --> 02:31:20,760 IS IMPORTANT FOR US TO BE 3521 02:31:20,760 --> 02:31:23,480 SUCCESSFUL IN CREATING A CULTURE 3522 02:31:23,480 --> 02:31:24,440 BOTH INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY 3523 02:31:24,440 --> 02:31:26,200 THAT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO FEEL LIKE 3524 02:31:26,200 --> 02:31:28,240 THEY ARE A PART OF THE NIAAA 3525 02:31:28,240 --> 02:31:32,400 COMMUNITY AND THEY CAN BE 3526 02:31:32,400 --> 02:31:33,240 SUCCESSFUL WHILE FEELING 3527 02:31:33,240 --> 02:31:34,120 WELCOMED HERE. 3528 02:31:34,120 --> 02:31:36,520 AND SO AS I SAID, WE'RE JUST 3529 02:31:36,520 --> 02:31:37,400 GETTING STARTED. 3530 02:31:37,400 --> 02:31:39,280 THIS IS SIX MONTHS BUT I HOPE TO 3531 02:31:39,280 --> 02:31:40,800 BE HERE FOR A WHILE. 3532 02:31:40,800 --> 02:31:42,360 OVER THE NEXT SIX MONTHS WE KNOW 3533 02:31:42,360 --> 02:31:44,760 THERE'S SOME THINGS THAT WE NEED 3534 02:31:44,760 --> 02:31:46,520 TO DO. 3535 02:31:46,520 --> 02:31:47,960 YOU'LL SEE ON THE SCREEN FOUR 3536 02:31:47,960 --> 02:31:49,680 KEY AREAS THAT WE'RE FOCUSING 3537 02:31:49,680 --> 02:31:50,000 ON. 3538 02:31:50,000 --> 02:31:51,440 TODAY I'M REALLY JUST GOING TO 3539 02:31:51,440 --> 02:31:53,520 TALK ABOUT THE EXTERNAL 3540 02:31:53,520 --> 02:31:54,480 WORKFORCE AND FUTURE WORKFORCE 3541 02:31:54,480 --> 02:31:56,800 AND I'M GOING TO LEAVE TIME FOR 3542 02:31:56,800 --> 02:31:58,680 SOME QUESTIONS THAT YOU ALL MAY 3543 02:31:58,680 --> 02:31:59,600 HAVE TO BE ANSWERED. 3544 02:31:59,600 --> 02:32:01,240 BUT THESE ARE THE FOUR KEY AREAS 3545 02:32:01,240 --> 02:32:03,800 THAT WE WANT TO FOCUS ON, 3546 02:32:03,800 --> 02:32:05,560 INTERNAL WORKFORCE IS LOOKING AT 3547 02:32:05,560 --> 02:32:07,960 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA, WHO ARE WE, 3548 02:32:07,960 --> 02:32:09,200 WHAT IS OUR LEADERSHIP TEAM 3549 02:32:09,200 --> 02:32:11,120 LOOKING LIKE, WHAT ARE 3550 02:32:11,120 --> 02:32:11,680 OPPORTUNITIES THAT EXIST? 3551 02:32:11,680 --> 02:32:14,200 ONE GOAL IS TO DIVERSITY THE 3552 02:32:14,200 --> 02:32:16,600 LEADERSHIP TEAM BUT WE KNOW 3553 02:32:16,600 --> 02:32:18,120 PEOPLE LOVE NIAAA. 3554 02:32:18,120 --> 02:32:19,320 WHICH MEANS PEOPLE DON'T LEAVE. 3555 02:32:19,320 --> 02:32:23,360 SO WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CHANGE 3556 02:32:23,360 --> 02:32:24,920 WHAT OUR DEMOGRAPHICS LOOK LIKE 3557 02:32:24,920 --> 02:32:25,560 RIGHT AWAY. 3558 02:32:25,560 --> 02:32:27,720 BUT THAT DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE 3559 02:32:27,720 --> 02:32:29,200 DON'T DO THE WORK AND THAT'S WHY 3560 02:32:29,200 --> 02:32:32,920 WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT 3561 02:32:32,920 --> 02:32:34,760 EXTERNAL WORKFORCE AND FUTURE 3562 02:32:34,760 --> 02:32:35,760 WORKFORCE BECAUSE THOSE WILL 3563 02:32:35,760 --> 02:32:36,800 INFLUENCE WHO OUR INTERNAL 3564 02:32:36,800 --> 02:32:38,400 WORKFORCE LOOKS LIKE IN THE NEXT 3565 02:32:38,400 --> 02:32:39,440 FIVE TO TEN YEARS. 3566 02:32:39,440 --> 02:32:44,080 LAST THING YOU SEE ON HERE IS 3567 02:32:44,080 --> 02:32:45,600 THE REEP AND MD-715. 3568 02:32:45,600 --> 02:32:47,560 YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF THE NIH 3569 02:32:47,560 --> 02:32:50,120 UNITE INITIATIVE, ON OUR 3570 02:32:50,120 --> 02:32:51,480 WEBSITE, DEALING WITH RACIAL AND 3571 02:32:51,480 --> 02:32:52,080 ETHNIC INEQUITY. 3572 02:32:52,080 --> 02:32:53,920 OUT OF THAT CAME A CHARGE TO ALL 3573 02:32:53,920 --> 02:32:55,680 OF THE INSTITUTES AND CENTERS TO 3574 02:32:55,680 --> 02:32:57,520 CREATE A RACIAL AND ETHNIC 3575 02:32:57,520 --> 02:33:00,280 EQUITY PLAN, KNOWN AS THE REEP. 3576 02:33:00,280 --> 02:33:03,200 WE'RE REQUIRED TO UPDATE THIS 3577 02:33:03,200 --> 02:33:03,600 REPORT. 3578 02:33:03,600 --> 02:33:06,080 WE'RE REQUIRED TO REPORT THIS TO 3579 02:33:06,080 --> 02:33:06,760 OUR OFFICE OF EQUITY, DIVERSITY, 3580 02:33:06,760 --> 02:33:09,360 AND INCLUSION AS WELL AS OFFICE 3581 02:33:09,360 --> 02:33:10,640 OF THE SCIENTIFIC WORKFORCE 3582 02:33:10,640 --> 02:33:11,040 DIVERSITY. 3583 02:33:11,040 --> 02:33:13,640 SO WE'RE WORKING ON THAT, ALONG 3584 02:33:13,640 --> 02:33:16,280 WITH MD-715 WITH YOU YOU MAY NOT 3585 02:33:16,280 --> 02:33:18,880 HAVE HEARD ABOUT, THE FEDERAL 3586 02:33:18,880 --> 02:33:22,040 REPORTS REQUIRED FOR ALL FEDERAL 3587 02:33:22,040 --> 02:33:23,240 AGENCIES WITH MORE THAN 500 3588 02:33:23,240 --> 02:33:25,760 EMPLOYEES AND WE'RE REQUIRED TO 3589 02:33:25,760 --> 02:33:27,720 REPORT ABOUT OUR COMMITMENT TO 3590 02:33:27,720 --> 02:33:29,480 EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY. 3591 02:33:29,480 --> 02:33:32,120 SO I PUT THESE ON THE SLIDE 3592 02:33:32,120 --> 02:33:34,520 BECAUSE THESE ARE TWO REPORTING 3593 02:33:34,520 --> 02:33:35,960 MECHANISMS THAT HOLD US 3594 02:33:35,960 --> 02:33:37,600 ACCOUNTABLE FOR DOING WHAT IT IS 3595 02:33:37,600 --> 02:33:39,440 THAT WE SAY WE'RE DOING. 3596 02:33:39,440 --> 02:33:42,440 SO JUST TO DIG IN FOR A COUPLE 3597 02:33:42,440 --> 02:33:44,160 MINUTES, ON THE SIX MONTH PLAN, 3598 02:33:44,160 --> 02:33:49,000 FOCUSING JUST ON THE FUTURE 3599 02:33:49,000 --> 02:33:57,200 WORKFORCE, AND DEVELOPING 3600 02:33:57,200 --> 02:33:58,840 EXTRAMURAL WORKFORCE, THE FUTURE 3601 02:33:58,840 --> 02:34:00,280 FOCUSES ON COLLEGE STUDENTS, 3602 02:34:00,280 --> 02:34:02,200 NEXT GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS. 3603 02:34:02,200 --> 02:34:05,040 THE ONLY WAY WE CAN BUILD THAT 3604 02:34:05,040 --> 02:34:07,120 COMMUNITY IF WE ARE INTENTIONAL 3605 02:34:07,120 --> 02:34:08,680 IN BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS WITH 3606 02:34:08,680 --> 02:34:09,320 COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. 3607 02:34:09,320 --> 02:34:12,720 ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I HAVE 3608 02:34:12,720 --> 02:34:14,640 CHALLENGED MYSELF AND CHALLENGED 3609 02:34:14,640 --> 02:34:16,560 OUR INSTITUTE TO DO IS THINK 3610 02:34:16,560 --> 02:34:19,480 BEYOND OUR COMFORT ZONE. 3611 02:34:19,480 --> 02:34:21,160 WE ALL HAVE COLLEAGUES IN 3612 02:34:21,160 --> 02:34:22,480 CERTAIN UNIVERSITIES THAT WE 3613 02:34:22,480 --> 02:34:24,640 TALK TO ALL THE TIME AND WE TALK 3614 02:34:24,640 --> 02:34:26,960 TO THEM ABOUT STUDENTS WHO MAY 3615 02:34:26,960 --> 02:34:28,720 BE INTERESTED IN INTERNSHIP 3616 02:34:28,720 --> 02:34:29,040 OPPORTUNITIES. 3617 02:34:29,040 --> 02:34:31,120 WE TALK ABOUT GRANT FUNDING 3618 02:34:31,120 --> 02:34:31,680 OPPORTUNITIES. 3619 02:34:31,680 --> 02:34:33,320 BUT WHAT ABOUT THE STUDENTS WHO 3620 02:34:33,320 --> 02:34:34,720 NO ONE REACHES OUT TO? 3621 02:34:34,720 --> 02:34:36,920 WHAT ABOUT THE STUDENTS WHO NO 3622 02:34:36,920 --> 02:34:38,440 ONE EVER CONSIDERS? 3623 02:34:38,440 --> 02:34:40,320 I WILL GIVE AN EXAMPLE. 3624 02:34:40,320 --> 02:34:47,520 THERE ARE HISTORICAL BLACK 3625 02:34:47,520 --> 02:34:48,640 COLLEGES IN UNIVERSITIES IN 3626 02:34:48,640 --> 02:34:51,480 MARYLAND, A LOT OF PEOPLE DON'T 3627 02:34:51,480 --> 02:34:52,440 KNOW THAT. 3628 02:34:52,440 --> 02:34:52,880 WHY? 3629 02:34:52,880 --> 02:34:55,680 ONE IS IN THE LOWER CORNER OF 3630 02:34:55,680 --> 02:34:56,840 MARYLAND'S EASTERN SHORE, IF YOU 3631 02:34:56,840 --> 02:34:59,360 DIDN'T KNOW UNIVERSITY OF 3632 02:34:59,360 --> 02:35:02,840 MARYLAND EASTERN SHORE EXISTED 3633 02:35:02,840 --> 02:35:04,840 IN PRINCESS ANNE YOU WOULD NEVER 3634 02:35:04,840 --> 02:35:07,240 GUESS BECAUSE IT'S HIDDEN, IT'S 3635 02:35:07,240 --> 02:35:09,120 NOT A PLACE PEOPLE TALK ABOUT 3636 02:35:09,120 --> 02:35:10,840 THE SCIENCE ABOUT. 3637 02:35:10,840 --> 02:35:13,600 THE OTHER ONE IS COPPIN STATE 3638 02:35:13,600 --> 02:35:14,680 UNIVERSITY, IN BALTIMORE CITY, 3639 02:35:14,680 --> 02:35:17,760 NORTH AVENUE, ONE OF THE MOST 3640 02:35:17,760 --> 02:35:18,640 CHALLENGING AREAS IN BALTIMORE 3641 02:35:18,640 --> 02:35:19,400 CITY. 3642 02:35:19,400 --> 02:35:24,240 NO ONE IS GOING TO COPPIN TO 3643 02:35:24,240 --> 02:35:27,160 RECRUIT STUDENTS FOR 3644 02:35:27,160 --> 02:35:27,720 INTERNSHIPS. 3645 02:35:27,720 --> 02:35:29,080 THAT'S NOT UNIQUE TO NIAAA. 3646 02:35:29,080 --> 02:35:30,800 THAT'S JUST BECAUSE OF THEIR 3647 02:35:30,800 --> 02:35:32,000 FATE, WHERE THEY SIT. 3648 02:35:32,000 --> 02:35:34,920 WHAT I WANT TO DO IS CHALLENGE 3649 02:35:34,920 --> 02:35:36,920 US TO THINK ABOUT THOSE STUDENTS 3650 02:35:36,920 --> 02:35:38,320 WHO ARE OVERLOOKED, THINK ABOUT 3651 02:35:38,320 --> 02:35:40,720 THOSE STUDENTS WHO MAY NOT HAVE 3652 02:35:40,720 --> 02:35:41,840 ACCESS TO A RESEARCH 3653 02:35:41,840 --> 02:35:43,360 INFRASTRUCTURE THAT WILL PREPARE 3654 02:35:43,360 --> 02:35:44,920 THEM TO GO TO GRADUATE SCHOOL, 3655 02:35:44,920 --> 02:35:46,360 PREPARE THEM TO GO TO MEDICAL 3656 02:35:46,360 --> 02:35:48,760 SCHOOL, PREPARE THEM TO BE THE 3657 02:35:48,760 --> 02:35:50,080 NEXT GENERATION OF RESEARCHERS, 3658 02:35:50,080 --> 02:35:52,040 WHO WILL SIT IN YOUR SEAT AS 3659 02:35:52,040 --> 02:35:55,240 COUNCIL MEMBERS, IN OUR LABS, 3660 02:35:55,240 --> 02:35:56,400 LEAD OUR ORGANIZATIONS. 3661 02:35:56,400 --> 02:35:59,240 AND SO I HAVE IN 11 WEEKS 3662 02:35:59,240 --> 02:36:00,120 STARTED BUILDING OUT THE 3663 02:36:00,120 --> 02:36:01,640 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR WHAT THAT 3664 02:36:01,640 --> 02:36:04,400 WILL LOOK LIKE AND I'M HAPPY TO 3665 02:36:04,400 --> 02:36:06,120 SHARE THAT WE'VE ALREADY BEGUN 3666 02:36:06,120 --> 02:36:08,320 TO HAVE CONTACT WITH A COUPLE OF 3667 02:36:08,320 --> 02:36:08,560 SCHOOLS. 3668 02:36:08,560 --> 02:36:10,840 WE'VE HAD SOME CONVERSATION WAS 3669 02:36:10,840 --> 02:36:12,480 JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY, IN 3670 02:36:12,480 --> 02:36:14,320 JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI. 3671 02:36:14,320 --> 02:36:17,520 THANKS TO DR. POWELL MAKING A 3672 02:36:17,520 --> 02:36:17,800 CONNECTION. 3673 02:36:17,800 --> 02:36:19,760 WE'VE ALSO TALKED TO UP AND 3674 02:36:19,760 --> 02:36:21,640 COMING PROGRAM AT UNIVERSITY OF 3675 02:36:21,640 --> 02:36:23,320 MARYLAND EASTERN SHORE WHERE 3676 02:36:23,320 --> 02:36:25,520 THEY ARE BUILDING ACADEMIC 3677 02:36:25,520 --> 02:36:27,920 CENTER TO HELP STUDENTS FIND 3678 02:36:27,920 --> 02:36:29,560 INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES. 3679 02:36:29,560 --> 02:36:31,200 IT MAY NOT YIELD ANYTHING. 3680 02:36:31,200 --> 02:36:34,040 BUT WHAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO SAY 3681 02:36:34,040 --> 02:36:36,560 IS THAT WE'VE MADE CONTACT. 3682 02:36:36,560 --> 02:36:38,080 WE'VE CREATED DIALOGUE THAT 3683 02:36:38,080 --> 02:36:39,600 ALLOWS STUDENTS TO KNOW ABOUT 3684 02:36:39,600 --> 02:36:40,600 OPPORTUNITIES THAT EXIST. 3685 02:36:40,600 --> 02:36:42,240 THE OTHER THING WE'D LIKE TO DO 3686 02:36:42,240 --> 02:36:44,760 WITH STUDENTS IS PROVIDE 3687 02:36:44,760 --> 02:36:45,720 LABORATORY VISITS, CAMPUS TOURS. 3688 02:36:45,720 --> 02:36:47,240 YOU CAN'T DREAM OF WHAT YOU CAN 3689 02:36:47,240 --> 02:36:50,320 BECOME IF YOU'VE NEVER SEEN IT. 3690 02:36:50,320 --> 02:36:52,400 YOU CAN'T DREAM OF WHAT YOU CAN 3691 02:36:52,400 --> 02:36:55,840 BECOME IF YOU'VE NEVER SEEN IT. 3692 02:36:55,840 --> 02:36:57,600 AND SO WE WANT TO BRING STUDENTS 3693 02:36:57,600 --> 02:36:59,600 HERE SO THEY CAN SEE WHAT LABS 3694 02:36:59,600 --> 02:37:00,600 DO HERE. 3695 02:37:00,600 --> 02:37:03,120 SO THAT THEY CAN SEE WHAT THE 3696 02:37:03,120 --> 02:37:04,360 NIH IS. 3697 02:37:04,360 --> 02:37:06,880 IT'S NOT JUST SOMETHING SOMEBODY 3698 02:37:06,880 --> 02:37:10,360 HEARD ABOUT ON TV DURING A 3699 02:37:10,360 --> 02:37:10,680 PANDEMIC. 3700 02:37:10,680 --> 02:37:11,760 BUT IT'S REAL. 3701 02:37:11,760 --> 02:37:14,720 AND WE HAVE A CLINICAL RESEARCH 3702 02:37:14,720 --> 02:37:16,120 CENTER THAT'S CHANGING PEOPLE'S 3703 02:37:16,120 --> 02:37:18,240 LIVES AND WE HAVE LABS THAT ARE 3704 02:37:18,240 --> 02:37:19,200 ACCESSIBLE TO ALL. 3705 02:37:19,200 --> 02:37:21,160 THE OTHER THING WE WANT TO TRY 3706 02:37:21,160 --> 02:37:24,360 AND DO IS A WEBINAR SERIES SO 3707 02:37:24,360 --> 02:37:25,880 THAT STUDENTS CAN ACTUALLY 3708 02:37:25,880 --> 02:37:28,760 INTERACT AND ENGAGE WITH 3709 02:37:28,760 --> 02:37:29,520 RESEARCHERS, ASK QUESTIONS, ASK 3710 02:37:29,520 --> 02:37:31,080 HOW DID YOU MAKE IT, HOW DID YOU 3711 02:37:31,080 --> 02:37:36,200 GET TO WHERE YOU ARE, WHAT 3712 02:37:36,200 --> 02:37:38,240 STEPS DO I NEED TO TAKE, IT'S 3713 02:37:38,240 --> 02:37:39,160 ABOUT MAKING OURSELVES AVAILABLE 3714 02:37:39,160 --> 02:37:42,840 SO STUDENTS WHO WILL BE THE NEXT 3715 02:37:42,840 --> 02:37:44,680 GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS CAN 3716 02:37:44,680 --> 02:37:46,600 BEGIN TO LAY THE GROUND WORK NOW 3717 02:37:46,600 --> 02:37:48,520 THAT WILL BE NECESSARY FOR THE 3718 02:37:48,520 --> 02:37:51,080 FUTURE THEY ARE HOPING TO BUILD. 3719 02:37:51,080 --> 02:37:53,600 SECOND AREA FOR OUR FUTURE WORK 3720 02:37:53,600 --> 02:37:55,200 IS DEVELOPING EXTRAMURAL 3721 02:37:55,200 --> 02:37:55,640 WORKFORCE. 3722 02:37:55,640 --> 02:37:59,560 WHAT WE KNOW IS THAT WE NEED TO 3723 02:37:59,560 --> 02:38:00,160 MAKE INTENTIONAL CONNECTIONS, 3724 02:38:00,160 --> 02:38:00,560 WHY? 3725 02:38:00,560 --> 02:38:03,080 BECAUSE IF PEOPLE ARE NOT 3726 02:38:03,080 --> 02:38:04,600 APPLYING FOR GRANTS, PEOPLE 3727 02:38:04,600 --> 02:38:05,960 CANNOT GET GRANTS. 3728 02:38:05,960 --> 02:38:10,640 AND SO WE NEED TO DIVERSIFY THE 3729 02:38:10,640 --> 02:38:12,400 APPLICANT POOL BECAUSE NO ONE'S 3730 02:38:12,400 --> 02:38:17,760 ASKING IN THIS D.E.I. SPACE FOR 3731 02:38:17,760 --> 02:38:19,720 US TO PRE-SELECT PEOPLE, TARGET 3732 02:38:19,720 --> 02:38:20,200 PEOPLE IN SELECTIONS. 3733 02:38:20,200 --> 02:38:22,480 AS A MATTER OF FACT, THE NIH 3734 02:38:22,480 --> 02:38:24,680 DOES NOT MAKE GRANT FUNDING 3735 02:38:24,680 --> 02:38:26,400 DECISIONS BASED ON RACE. 3736 02:38:26,400 --> 02:38:28,720 WE DON'T DO THAT. 3737 02:38:28,720 --> 02:38:32,400 BUT IF WE DON'T REACH 3738 02:38:32,400 --> 02:38:35,160 COMMUNITIES, IF WE DON'T REACH 3739 02:38:35,160 --> 02:38:36,240 SCIENTISTS, AND THEY DON'T 3740 02:38:36,240 --> 02:38:38,440 APPLY, THEY WILL NEVER GET A 3741 02:38:38,440 --> 02:38:38,640 GRANT. 3742 02:38:38,640 --> 02:38:41,480 AND SO WE NEED TO BE INTENTIONAL 3743 02:38:41,480 --> 02:38:43,040 IN BUILDING OUT RELATIONSHIPS, 3744 02:38:43,040 --> 02:38:44,120 MAKING CONNECTIONS, ONE OF THE 3745 02:38:44,120 --> 02:38:46,520 WAYS WE CAN DO IS THAT OFFERING 3746 02:38:46,520 --> 02:38:47,720 A GRANT APPLICATION WORKSHOP 3747 02:38:47,720 --> 02:38:48,320 SERIES. 3748 02:38:48,320 --> 02:38:51,040 SO FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVE NEVER 3749 02:38:51,040 --> 02:38:52,240 APPLIED, OR PEOPLE WHO APPLIED 3750 02:38:52,240 --> 02:38:55,920 AND DID NOT GET FUNDING, AND 3751 02:38:55,920 --> 02:38:56,840 FEEL DISCOURAGED, DON'T WANT TO 3752 02:38:56,840 --> 02:38:58,760 APPLY AGAIN, WE'RE HERE. 3753 02:38:58,760 --> 02:39:01,760 WE WANT TO HELP YOU MAKE IT 3754 02:39:01,760 --> 02:39:02,760 THROUGH THE PROCESS, DOESN'T 3755 02:39:02,760 --> 02:39:04,760 GUARANTEE YOU'LL GET A GRANT BUT 3756 02:39:04,760 --> 02:39:07,000 WE WANT TO MAKE THE OPPORTUNITY 3757 02:39:07,000 --> 02:39:08,400 ACCESSIBLE TO YOU. 3758 02:39:08,400 --> 02:39:11,400 LASTLY WE WANT TO ALSO INCLUDE 3759 02:39:11,400 --> 02:39:14,520 FACULTY WHO MAY BE IN 3760 02:39:14,520 --> 02:39:15,200 MINORITY-SERVING INSTITUTIONS, 3761 02:39:15,200 --> 02:39:16,520 GIVE THEM OPPORTUNITIES TO 3762 02:39:16,520 --> 02:39:18,720 PARTICIPATE IN WEBINARS AS WELL 3763 02:39:18,720 --> 02:39:22,160 SO THEY CAN ENGAGE IN COLLEGIAL 3764 02:39:22,160 --> 02:39:23,120 DIALOGUE AROUND THEIR RESEARCH 3765 02:39:23,120 --> 02:39:25,640 AND THEIR IDEAS CAN COME INTO 3766 02:39:25,640 --> 02:39:27,280 CONVERSATION WITH THE IDEAS OF 3767 02:39:27,280 --> 02:39:27,840 OTHERS. 3768 02:39:27,840 --> 02:39:30,040 SO THIS IS JUST A LITTLE SENSE 3769 02:39:30,040 --> 02:39:31,480 OF WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO. 3770 02:39:31,480 --> 02:39:33,000 I WOULD LOVE TO HEAR YOUR 3771 02:39:33,000 --> 02:39:33,520 THOUGHTS. 3772 02:39:33,520 --> 02:39:36,520 I DON'T HAVE MY E-MAIL ADDRESS 3773 02:39:36,520 --> 02:39:38,440 IN THE PRESENTATION BUT I'M 3774 02:39:38,440 --> 02:39:38,760 ACCESSIBLE. 3775 02:39:38,760 --> 02:39:39,680 I'LL BE AROUND. 3776 02:39:39,680 --> 02:39:42,520 I WOULD LOVE AND WELCOME YOUR 3777 02:39:42,520 --> 02:39:44,360 THOUGHTS, NOT ONLY WOULD I 3778 02:39:44,360 --> 02:39:45,600 WELCOME YOUR THOUGHTS, I WILL 3779 02:39:45,600 --> 02:39:48,320 WELCOME YOUR HELP IN SHARING OUR 3780 02:39:48,320 --> 02:39:49,400 MESSAGE IN THE COMMUNITIES THAT 3781 02:39:49,400 --> 02:39:51,240 YOU'RE PART OF BECAUSE YOU HAVE 3782 02:39:51,240 --> 02:39:53,120 ACCESS TO SOME STUDENTS AND SOME 3783 02:39:53,120 --> 02:39:54,760 FACULTY MEMBERS THAT I DON'T 3784 02:39:54,760 --> 02:39:56,720 HAVE ACCESS TO BUT THOSE ARE THE 3785 02:39:56,720 --> 02:39:58,280 PEOPLE WHO WE'RE TRYING TO 3786 02:39:58,280 --> 02:39:58,760 CONNECT WITH. 3787 02:39:58,760 --> 02:40:01,240 AND SO THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR 3788 02:40:01,240 --> 02:40:01,440 TIME. 3789 02:40:01,440 --> 02:40:03,880 WE HAVE ABOUT A MINUTE LEFT. 3790 02:40:03,880 --> 02:40:06,160 I TRIED TO BE ON TIME. 3791 02:40:06,160 --> 02:40:08,560 I WANT TO OPEN FOR ANY QUESTIONS 3792 02:40:08,560 --> 02:40:11,200 OR DISCUSSION THAT YOU ALL WOULD 3793 02:40:11,200 --> 02:40:11,880 LIKE TO OFFER. 3794 02:40:11,880 --> 02:40:18,840 >> THANKS, DAWN. 3795 02:40:18,840 --> 02:40:20,960 THAT WAS PERFECT. 3796 02:40:20,960 --> 02:40:24,440 I WANT TO EMPHASIZE YOUR LAST 3797 02:40:24,440 --> 02:40:26,800 POINT, CONCRETE EXAMPLE OF WHY 3798 02:40:26,800 --> 02:40:28,600 WE NEED SOME OF THE EFFORT AND 3799 02:40:28,600 --> 02:40:31,680 ENERGY INTO SOME OF THE POINTS 3800 02:40:31,680 --> 02:40:34,840 THAT DAWN MADE IS APPLICANTS, 3801 02:40:34,840 --> 02:40:37,800 MINORITY APPLICANTS GET A SCORE 3802 02:40:37,800 --> 02:40:38,120 BACK. 3803 02:40:38,120 --> 02:40:40,760 IT'S A SCORE THAT ANY ON COUNCIL 3804 02:40:40,760 --> 02:40:42,320 WOULD SAY, WELL, THAT'S A COME 3805 02:40:42,320 --> 02:40:46,960 BACK IN SCORE, AND THEY GIVE UP. 3806 02:40:46,960 --> 02:40:49,520 THAT'S WHERE WE CAN APPLY A 3807 02:40:49,520 --> 02:40:51,400 LITTLE EXTRA ENERGY AND GET 3808 02:40:51,400 --> 02:40:54,320 PEOPLE TO COME IN WITH RENEWAL 3809 02:40:54,320 --> 02:40:54,880 OR REVISION. 3810 02:40:54,880 --> 02:40:57,080 SO, YOU KNOW, I MEAN THAT'S JUST 3811 02:40:57,080 --> 02:40:57,360 ONE. 3812 02:40:57,360 --> 02:40:58,960 THERE ARE LOTS OF LITTLE PIECES 3813 02:40:58,960 --> 02:41:01,880 LIKE THAT THAT WE'RE GOING TO 3814 02:41:01,880 --> 02:41:02,880 ACCUMULATE INFORMATION ON AND 3815 02:41:02,880 --> 02:41:04,520 HOPEFULLY THROUGH A WEBINAR 3816 02:41:04,520 --> 02:41:09,680 SERIES AND WORKSHOPS BE ABLE TO 3817 02:41:09,680 --> 02:41:11,440 MAKE SOME CHANGES. 3818 02:41:11,440 --> 02:41:11,920 ANY THOUGHTS? 3819 02:41:11,920 --> 02:41:14,920 >> YEAH, I WANT TO ECHO YOUR 3820 02:41:14,920 --> 02:41:16,480 COMMENT ABOUT IMPORTANCE OF 3821 02:41:16,480 --> 02:41:19,520 PERSONAL CONNECTIONS, AND I 3822 02:41:19,520 --> 02:41:20,960 REMEMBER EARLY IN MY CAREER 3823 02:41:20,960 --> 02:41:24,560 HAVING A CONNECTION WITH SOMEONE 3824 02:41:24,560 --> 02:41:26,720 AT NIAAA, JAN, WHO REALLY TOOK A 3825 02:41:26,720 --> 02:41:27,960 PERSONAL INTEREST AND REALLY 3826 02:41:27,960 --> 02:41:31,440 HELPED KIND OF CULTIVATE A 3827 02:41:31,440 --> 02:41:32,800 RELATIONSHIP. 3828 02:41:32,800 --> 02:41:37,280 THE OTHER IS THE ROLE THAT -- TO 3829 02:41:37,280 --> 02:41:39,240 LOOK INTO T32 TRAINING GRANTS, A 3830 02:41:39,240 --> 02:41:41,880 POOL OF PRE-DOCS AND POSTDOCS, 3831 02:41:41,880 --> 02:41:43,920 WHO MIGHT BE INTERESTED IN KIND 3832 02:41:43,920 --> 02:41:46,440 OF AN ACADEMIC OR RESEARCH 3833 02:41:46,440 --> 02:41:46,880 CAREER. 3834 02:41:46,880 --> 02:41:49,160 SO THAT'S ANOTHER GROUP YOU MAY 3835 02:41:49,160 --> 02:41:51,600 WANT TO THINK ABOUT. 3836 02:41:51,600 --> 02:41:54,480 >> THANK YOU. 3837 02:41:54,480 --> 02:41:55,960 >> WHAT AN EXCELLENT 3838 02:41:55,960 --> 02:41:56,600 PRESENTATION, ENERGY AND 3839 02:41:56,600 --> 02:41:59,200 ENTHUSIASM, AND I'M GLAD THAT 3840 02:41:59,200 --> 02:42:00,440 YOU'RE HERE. 3841 02:42:00,440 --> 02:42:02,200 MY QUESTION IS ABOUT THE 3842 02:42:02,200 --> 02:42:03,400 WORKFORCE GROUP THAT WAS STARTED 3843 02:42:03,400 --> 02:42:05,680 I BELIEVE WHEN I STARTED ON 3844 02:42:05,680 --> 02:42:08,080 COUNCIL, I'M CURIOUS IF THAT'S 3845 02:42:08,080 --> 02:42:09,520 STILL ACTIVE, IF WE'RE THINKING 3846 02:42:09,520 --> 02:42:10,280 ABOUT THAT? 3847 02:42:10,280 --> 02:42:11,600 AND MY SECOND POINT WHEN I ASK 3848 02:42:11,600 --> 02:42:14,880 QUESTIONS I END UP WITH MORE 3849 02:42:14,880 --> 02:42:15,760 WORK BUT ABSOLUTELY INVITE YOU 3850 02:42:15,760 --> 02:42:18,920 TO EL PASO WHERE WE HAVE 90% 3851 02:42:18,920 --> 02:42:19,920 HISPANIC STUDENTS AND HERE TO 3852 02:42:19,920 --> 02:42:22,760 SUPPORT YOU ANY WAY I CAN TO 3853 02:42:22,760 --> 02:42:24,960 MAKE SURE REPRESENTATION IS 3854 02:42:24,960 --> 02:42:26,720 THERE ALSO. 3855 02:42:26,720 --> 02:42:29,120 >> YOU STEPPED INTO THAT ONE, 3856 02:42:29,120 --> 02:42:31,880 LAURA, BECAUSE WE'RE GOING TO 3857 02:42:31,880 --> 02:42:33,200 REINNERVATE THE WORKING GROUP. 3858 02:42:33,200 --> 02:42:37,320 DAWN AND I AND TRISH AND BRIDGET 3859 02:42:37,320 --> 02:42:39,520 HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT THAT. 3860 02:42:39,520 --> 02:42:41,160 DAWN, DO YOU WANT TO RESPOND? 3861 02:42:41,160 --> 02:42:44,480 I DIDN'T GIVE YOUR TALK. 3862 02:42:44,480 --> 02:42:44,760 >> RIGHT. 3863 02:42:44,760 --> 02:42:45,120 SO, DEFINITELY. 3864 02:42:45,120 --> 02:42:46,120 EL PASO IS GREAT. 3865 02:42:46,120 --> 02:42:48,800 I WOULD LOVE TO COME OUT AND 3866 02:42:48,800 --> 02:42:50,800 CONNECT WITH YOUR STUDENTS. 3867 02:42:50,800 --> 02:42:54,720 AND ANY OTHER CONTACTS YOU HAVE. 3868 02:42:54,720 --> 02:42:59,000 WE CERTAINLY ARE NOT -- WE WANT 3869 02:42:59,000 --> 02:43:00,560 TO CAST THE NET WIDE WITH THE 3870 02:43:00,560 --> 02:43:05,600 HOPE OF DRAWING STUDENTS IN. 3871 02:43:05,600 --> 02:43:08,640 >> ANY OTHER COMMENTS OR 3872 02:43:08,640 --> 02:43:09,640 QUESTIONS, COMMENTS FOR DAWN? 3873 02:43:09,640 --> 02:43:11,640 I CAN JUST TELL YOU SHE'S ONLY 3874 02:43:11,640 --> 02:43:13,240 BEEN HERE 11 WEEKS BUT I FEEL 3875 02:43:13,240 --> 02:43:16,480 LIKE SHE'S BEEN HERE FOR A LONG 3876 02:43:16,480 --> 02:43:17,320 TIME. 3877 02:43:17,320 --> 02:43:18,840 WE'RE MOVING FORWARD. 3878 02:43:18,840 --> 02:43:24,560 AND I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO IT. 3879 02:43:24,560 --> 02:43:26,520 SOME EXCITING ADVENTURES IN THIS 3880 02:43:26,520 --> 02:43:27,120 DOMAIN. 3881 02:43:27,120 --> 02:43:31,360 THERE'S A REWARD OUTSIDE. 3882 02:43:31,360 --> 02:43:32,360 DAVID KARAKEN'S TERMS, ICE CREAM 3883 02:43:32,360 --> 02:43:33,560 IF YOU WANT IT. 3884 02:43:33,560 --> 02:43:34,640 DON'T WORRY ABOUT YOUR WEIGHT. 3885 02:43:34,640 --> 02:43:38,400 IT'S JUST A SMALL AMOUNT OF ICE 3886 02:43:38,400 --> 02:43:40,800 CREAM, ALL RIGHT? 3887 02:43:40,800 --> 02:43:42,640 WE'LL RECONVENE AT 3:00 AND CAN 3888 02:43:42,640 --> 02:43:45,040 YOU CONTINUE EATING YOUR ICE 3889 02:43:45,040 --> 02:43:46,800 CREAM WHILE WE RECONVENE, I 3890 02:43:46,800 --> 02:43:47,760 WILLS TON COUNCIL CLEARANCE IF 3891 02:43:47,760 --> 02:43:49,720 NEED BE. 3892 02:43:49,720 --> 02:43:54,440 WE'LL TAKE A TEN-MINUTE BREAK. 3893 02:43:54,440 --> 02:43:56,200 SO WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO IS A 3894 02:43:56,200 --> 02:43:59,240 SERIES OF THREE CONCEPT 3895 02:43:59,240 --> 02:44:02,400 CLEARANCES, AND THE FIRST ONE IS 3896 02:44:02,400 --> 02:44:05,160 GOING TO BE BY ELIZABETH POWELL 3897 02:44:05,160 --> 02:44:06,360 FROM DIVISION OF NEUROSCIENCE 3898 02:44:06,360 --> 02:44:08,440 AND BEHAVIOR, TALKING ABOUT DATA 3899 02:44:08,440 --> 02:44:12,240 SCIENCE TOOLS FOR ALCOHOL 3900 02:44:12,240 --> 02:44:13,920 RESEARCH. 3901 02:44:13,920 --> 02:44:17,080 ELIZABETH, IT'S ALL YOURS. 3902 02:44:17,080 --> 02:44:18,360 >> THANK YOU. 3903 02:44:18,360 --> 02:44:19,800 GOOD AFTERNOON. 3904 02:44:19,800 --> 02:44:22,680 SO THIS CONCEPT WAS ORIGINALLY 3905 02:44:22,680 --> 02:44:25,640 PRESENTED IN 2018 AND NEEDS TO 3906 02:44:25,640 --> 02:44:27,480 BE RENEWED. 3907 02:44:27,480 --> 02:44:29,800 SO WHEN WE TALK ABOUT DATA, 3908 02:44:29,800 --> 02:44:31,960 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT THE ENTIRE 3909 02:44:31,960 --> 02:44:35,240 DATA LIFE CYCLE FROM 3910 02:44:35,240 --> 02:44:36,680 ACQUISITION, USE AND REUSE, 3911 02:44:36,680 --> 02:44:37,480 PRESERVATION OR DESTRUCTION, THE 3912 02:44:37,480 --> 02:44:40,280 LIFE PSYCH THAT WILL NOW IS 3913 02:44:40,280 --> 02:44:43,280 BEING COVERED BY THE NIH POLICY 3914 02:44:43,280 --> 02:44:46,080 DATA MANAGEMENT AND SHARING. 3915 02:44:46,080 --> 02:44:48,280 OVERARCHING OF THIS LIFE CYCLE 3916 02:44:48,280 --> 02:44:50,440 ARE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 3917 02:44:50,440 --> 02:44:52,400 INCLUDING ETHICS, POLICY, 3918 02:44:52,400 --> 02:44:55,920 REGULATORY, STEWARDSHIP, 3919 02:44:55,920 --> 02:44:57,000 PLATFORM, AND DOMAIN. 3920 02:44:57,000 --> 02:44:59,200 SO I WANT TO DO A BRIEF REVIEW 3921 02:44:59,200 --> 02:45:01,480 OF WHAT HAS HAPPENED AT NIAAA IN 3922 02:45:01,480 --> 02:45:04,240 THE LAST FIVE YEARS. 3923 02:45:04,240 --> 02:45:07,840 WE HAVE HAD DEVELOPMENT OF SOME 3924 02:45:07,840 --> 02:45:09,920 NEW TOOLS, THROUGH THE SBIR 3925 02:45:09,920 --> 02:45:11,880 SPACE, CONTRACT MECHANISM, AND 3926 02:45:11,880 --> 02:45:15,280 WE HAVE TWO SMALL COMPANIES, ONE 3927 02:45:15,280 --> 02:45:18,440 HAS -- BOTH IN PHASE 2, JUST 3928 02:45:18,440 --> 02:45:23,800 STARTED WITH FACE -- PHASE 2, 3929 02:45:23,800 --> 02:45:25,120 ONE DOING ALGORITHMS FOR 3930 02:45:25,120 --> 02:45:27,440 IDENTIFICATION OF NEW GENES, 3931 02:45:27,440 --> 02:45:28,160 COLLABORATION WITH UNIVERSITY OF 3932 02:45:28,160 --> 02:45:28,720 TEXAS. 3933 02:45:28,720 --> 02:45:31,040 ANOTHER ONE IS PREDICTION OF 3934 02:45:31,040 --> 02:45:33,000 DRINKING PATTERNS, HUMAN 3935 02:45:33,000 --> 02:45:33,600 BEHAVIORAL DATA, COLLABORATION 3936 02:45:33,600 --> 02:45:35,720 WITH UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO. 3937 02:45:35,720 --> 02:45:40,640 AND IN PHASE 2, FOR BOTH OF 3938 02:45:40,640 --> 02:45:42,640 THESE THEY ARE MOVING TO TOOL 3939 02:45:42,640 --> 02:45:43,400 KITS FOR ALCOHOL RESEARCHERS TO 3940 02:45:43,400 --> 02:45:45,800 BE ABLE TO USE THESE TOOLS. 3941 02:45:45,800 --> 02:45:48,280 PHASE 1 THEY MADE NEW ALGORITHMS 3942 02:45:48,280 --> 02:45:49,720 WHICH MEANS NEW MATH, REAL 3943 02:45:49,720 --> 02:45:53,520 RESEARCH, NOW WE NEED TO UTILIZE 3944 02:45:53,520 --> 02:45:53,720 THEM. 3945 02:45:53,720 --> 02:45:56,520 THEIR FINDINGS ARE PUBLISHED IN 3946 02:45:56,520 --> 02:45:58,160 PEER-REVIEWED PAPERS. 3947 02:45:58,160 --> 02:45:59,720 SECOND THING WE'VE ACCOMPLISHED 3948 02:45:59,720 --> 02:46:01,960 THERE'S BEEN 60% INCREASE IN 3949 02:46:01,960 --> 02:46:02,960 APPLICATIONS IN DATA SCIENCE, 3950 02:46:02,960 --> 02:46:07,440 THAT'S BASED ON SOME KEY WORD 3951 02:46:07,440 --> 02:46:09,080 SEARCHES IN OUR GRANTS DATABASE, 3952 02:46:09,080 --> 02:46:12,240 NOT JUST 60% IN APPLICATIONS BUT 3953 02:46:12,240 --> 02:46:21,000 60% INCREASE IN FUNDING, OVER 3954 02:46:21,000 --> 02:46:31,560 90% INCREASE IN FUNDING DOLLARS. 3955 02:46:35,320 --> 02:46:38,280 DATA POST EMBARGO, MAY BE OPEN 3956 02:46:38,280 --> 02:46:38,520 SOON. 3957 02:46:38,520 --> 02:46:42,200 WITHIN NIAAA AND NIH IN GENERAL 3958 02:46:42,200 --> 02:46:44,520 INCREASE IN DATA GOVERNANCE AND 3959 02:46:44,520 --> 02:46:48,040 USE, DATA ACCESS COMMITTEE NOW 3960 02:46:48,040 --> 02:46:50,680 REGULATING OUR DATASETS 3961 02:46:50,680 --> 02:46:51,880 INCLUDING COMBINE AND 3962 02:46:51,880 --> 02:46:53,160 (INDISCERNIBLE) AND NIH RELEASED 3963 02:46:53,160 --> 02:46:54,720 DATA MANAGEMENT AND SHARING 3964 02:46:54,720 --> 02:46:57,680 POLICY AND NIAAA I WILL SAY IS 3965 02:46:57,680 --> 02:47:02,520 READY AND WE WILL PROBABLY BE 3966 02:47:02,520 --> 02:47:03,960 RELEASING SOME AWARDS WITH THOSE 3967 02:47:03,960 --> 02:47:06,360 PLANS THAT WERE APPROVED TODAY. 3968 02:47:06,360 --> 02:47:07,760 AND THEN FINALLY FOR EDUCATION 3969 02:47:07,760 --> 02:47:09,600 AND IMPLEMENTATION THERE'S A 3970 02:47:09,600 --> 02:47:13,120 DATA SCIENCE WORKING GROUP FOR 3971 02:47:13,120 --> 02:47:15,600 NIAAA STAFF, THAT INCLUDES 3972 02:47:15,600 --> 02:47:17,840 PROGRAM REVIEW AND GRANTS 3973 02:47:17,840 --> 02:47:19,880 MANAGEMENT BUT ALSO POLICY AND 3974 02:47:19,880 --> 02:47:20,040 I.T. 3975 02:47:20,040 --> 02:47:23,200 SO THAT'S GOING ACROSS THE 3976 02:47:23,200 --> 02:47:24,640 ENTIRE EXTRAMURAL STAFF AND 3977 02:47:24,640 --> 02:47:25,480 INTRAMURAL WHEN IT'S APPROPRIATE 3978 02:47:25,480 --> 02:47:29,000 FOR INTRAMURAL TO JOIN US. 3979 02:47:29,000 --> 02:47:32,840 FINALLY WE ARE PARTICIPATING IN 3980 02:47:32,840 --> 02:47:34,800 WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT 3981 02:47:34,800 --> 02:47:37,760 INITIATIVES, F AWARDS, SPECIFIC 3982 02:47:37,760 --> 02:47:37,960 T32s. 3983 02:47:37,960 --> 02:47:39,960 AND OVER ACROSS NIH AND IN THE 3984 02:47:39,960 --> 02:47:41,480 INTEREST OF TIME WE HAVE 3985 02:47:41,480 --> 02:47:45,000 PARTICIPATED IN THESE LARGE 3986 02:47:45,000 --> 02:47:46,840 STUDIES INCLUDING THE BRIDGE2AI, 3987 02:47:46,840 --> 02:47:48,040 MORE PARTICIPATION IN ABCD, ALL 3988 02:47:48,040 --> 02:47:51,080 OF US, AND WITH THE OFFICE OF 3989 02:47:51,080 --> 02:47:52,760 DATA SCIENCE STRATEGY WE 3990 02:47:52,760 --> 02:47:55,040 PARTICIPATE IN THEIR NOTICES OF 3991 02:47:55,040 --> 02:47:56,480 SUPPLEMENTS FOR FUNDED AWARDS, 3992 02:47:56,480 --> 02:47:58,440 AND IN REVIEWING THOSE 3993 02:47:58,440 --> 02:48:00,720 SUPPLEMENTS ON THE PROGRAMMATIC 3994 02:48:00,720 --> 02:48:01,040 LEVEL. 3995 02:48:01,040 --> 02:48:02,120 BUT WE STILL HAVE GAPS. 3996 02:48:02,120 --> 02:48:03,800 WE STILL DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH 3997 02:48:03,800 --> 02:48:04,960 DATA WE HAVE. 3998 02:48:04,960 --> 02:48:08,600 OR THE ACCESS TO IT. 3999 02:48:08,600 --> 02:48:09,800 WAYS TO BETTER HARMONIZE, 4000 02:48:09,800 --> 02:48:11,360 ALCOHOL IS A VERY COMMON WORD 4001 02:48:11,360 --> 02:48:12,960 AND SO WE'RE STRUGGLING WITH 4002 02:48:12,960 --> 02:48:14,160 COMMON DATA ELEMENTS AND HOW DO 4003 02:48:14,160 --> 02:48:16,600 YOU PULL OUT THE SCIENCE FROM 4004 02:48:16,600 --> 02:48:21,000 THE USE OF ALCOHOL IN ALL OF THE 4005 02:48:21,000 --> 02:48:22,200 TEXT. 4006 02:48:22,200 --> 02:48:24,600 DATA SHARING CAPABILITIES NIAAA 4007 02:48:24,600 --> 02:48:26,440 ASSESSING AND COMBINING AND NIH 4008 02:48:26,440 --> 02:48:28,560 ACTUALLY HAS AN ENTERPRISE 4009 02:48:28,560 --> 02:48:30,200 GITHUB, NIAAA WAS THE VERY FIRST 4010 02:48:30,200 --> 02:48:31,480 INSTITUTE TO SIGN ON. 4011 02:48:31,480 --> 02:48:35,320 WE'VE USED THAT AS A PLACE TO 4012 02:48:35,320 --> 02:48:36,880 DEPOSIT THE CODE AND JUPYTER 4013 02:48:36,880 --> 02:48:38,400 NOTEBOOKS FOR THOSE CONTRACTS. 4014 02:48:38,400 --> 02:48:41,120 AND THEN WE ARE COLLABORATING 4015 02:48:41,120 --> 02:48:43,560 ACROSS NIH BUT WITH WHOM AND 4016 02:48:43,560 --> 02:48:43,960 FINALLY WHAT'S OUR 4017 02:48:43,960 --> 02:48:45,960 REPRESENTATION IN THE DATA 4018 02:48:45,960 --> 02:48:46,560 SCIENCE COMMUNITY AND WORKFORCE 4019 02:48:46,560 --> 02:48:48,960 DEVELOPMENT AND THERE IS MORE 4020 02:48:48,960 --> 02:48:51,800 WORK ON ETHICS AND POLICY THAT 4021 02:48:51,800 --> 02:48:54,400 CAN BE DONE. 4022 02:48:54,400 --> 02:48:56,000 SO SOME FUTURE DIRECTIONS, 4023 02:48:56,000 --> 02:48:58,760 SIMILAR AS BEFORE, A LITTLE MORE 4024 02:48:58,760 --> 02:49:01,520 DETAILED, MORE FOCUSED, MORE 4025 02:49:01,520 --> 02:49:02,920 ANALYTICAL TOOLS, BETTER 4026 02:49:02,920 --> 02:49:04,480 HARMONIZATION, BETTER INTERFACES 4027 02:49:04,480 --> 02:49:05,360 THROUGHOUT THE OTHER 4028 02:49:05,360 --> 02:49:06,320 COMMUNITIES, AND WAYS TO COMBINE 4029 02:49:06,320 --> 02:49:09,280 THE DATA THAT WE HAVE NOW AND IN 4030 02:49:09,280 --> 02:49:11,040 SOME WAYS MAYBE PLAN BETTER FOR 4031 02:49:11,040 --> 02:49:12,800 THE EXPERIMENTS AND TYPE OF DATA 4032 02:49:12,800 --> 02:49:15,520 SO THAT WHEN WE WANT TO COMBINE 4033 02:49:15,520 --> 02:49:18,720 THEM IT'S SIMPLER AND WE CAN GET 4034 02:49:18,720 --> 02:49:20,560 BETTER ANSWERS. 4035 02:49:20,560 --> 02:49:21,760 AND YOU HAVE THESE FUTURE 4036 02:49:21,760 --> 02:49:23,400 DIRECTIONS SO AT THIS POINT I'LL 4037 02:49:23,400 --> 02:49:27,200 STOP AND TAKE ANY QUESTIONS. 4038 02:49:27,200 --> 02:49:28,800 >> SO ARE THERE ANY QUESTIONS 4039 02:49:28,800 --> 02:49:30,640 FOR ELIZABETH? 4040 02:49:30,640 --> 02:49:32,240 WE DO NEED ENDORSEMENT BY AT 4041 02:49:32,240 --> 02:49:35,320 LEAST ONE COUNCIL MEMBER OF THIS 4042 02:49:35,320 --> 02:49:36,240 CONCEPT. 4043 02:49:36,240 --> 02:49:39,080 ANYBODY WANTS TO VOLUNTEER? 4044 02:49:39,080 --> 02:49:40,080 >> SO MOVED. 4045 02:49:40,080 --> 02:49:50,560 >> I THINK YOU GET UNANIMOUS 4046 02:49:53,680 --> 02:49:54,840 ENDORSEMENT THERE. 4047 02:49:54,840 --> 02:49:58,400 EVERY ULTIMATELY C AND A-- EVERY 4048 02:49:58,400 --> 02:50:01,520 I.C. AND ACROSS THE BOARD, I'M 4049 02:50:01,520 --> 02:50:03,480 GRATEFUL FOR HER ENERGY AND 4050 02:50:03,480 --> 02:50:04,920 INSIGHTS INTO THIS CHALLENGE. 4051 02:50:04,920 --> 02:50:07,200 ANY OTHER COMMENTS OR THOUGHTS? 4052 02:50:07,200 --> 02:50:09,880 ANYBODY ONLINE OUT THERE HAVE 4053 02:50:09,880 --> 02:50:20,120 ANY COMMENTS? ? 4054 02:50:20,760 --> 02:50:22,800 WE'RE GOOD TO GO. 4055 02:50:22,800 --> 02:50:24,960 SHELICE IS ALSO IN THE DIVISION 4056 02:50:24,960 --> 02:50:26,800 OF NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR, 4057 02:50:26,800 --> 02:50:29,240 TALKING ABOUT SLEEP DYSFUNCTION 4058 02:50:29,240 --> 02:50:30,120 AND ALCOHOL INDUCED 4059 02:50:30,120 --> 02:50:30,640 HYPERKATIFEIA. 4060 02:50:30,640 --> 02:50:34,680 THERE'S A WARM SPOT IN MY HEART 4061 02:50:34,680 --> 02:50:36,640 BECAUSE HE'S ACTUALLY TALKING 4062 02:50:36,640 --> 02:50:37,240 ABOUT HYPERKATIFEIA. 4063 02:50:37,240 --> 02:50:39,720 >> THANK YOU, DR. KOOB. 4064 02:50:39,720 --> 02:50:41,040 GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYONE. 4065 02:50:41,040 --> 02:50:44,720 I'M REALLY EXCITED TO BE HERE. 4066 02:50:44,720 --> 02:50:46,360 THE TITLE OF THE PRESENTATION IS 4067 02:50:46,360 --> 02:50:48,240 SLEEP DYSFUNCTION AS A CORE 4068 02:50:48,240 --> 02:50:53,040 FEATURE AND INTERVENTION TARGET 4069 02:50:53,040 --> 02:50:53,480 IN ALCOHOL-INDUCED 4070 02:50:53,480 --> 02:50:53,960 HYPERKATIFEIA. 4071 02:50:53,960 --> 02:50:59,960 THE MAIN AIM OF THIS CONCEPT IS 4072 02:50:59,960 --> 02:51:01,520 TO EXPLORE THE INTRICACIES OF 4073 02:51:01,520 --> 02:51:03,240 HYPERKATIFEIA AND SLEEP AS WELL 4074 02:51:03,240 --> 02:51:10,840 AS ITS IMPLICATION FOR ALCOHOL 4075 02:51:10,840 --> 02:51:13,200 INDUCED HYPERKATIFEIA AND 4076 02:51:13,200 --> 02:51:13,480 RECOVERY. 4077 02:51:13,480 --> 02:51:15,920 SO LET ME FIRST DEFINE THE TERM 4078 02:51:15,920 --> 02:51:16,280 HYPERKATIFEIA. 4079 02:51:16,280 --> 02:51:20,520 IT CAME FROM A GREEK WORD WHICH 4080 02:51:20,520 --> 02:51:25,880 MEANS BEE GEEKS OF EMOTIONAL 4081 02:51:25,880 --> 02:51:26,880 STATE, PHYSIOLOGIC AND 4082 02:51:26,880 --> 02:51:28,840 PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS INDUCED 4083 02:51:28,840 --> 02:51:30,400 BY WITHDRAWAL, ENCOMPASSES 4084 02:51:30,400 --> 02:51:33,120 HEIGHTENED EMOTIONAL DISTRESS 4085 02:51:33,120 --> 02:51:36,000 AND SENSITIVITY EXPERIENCED IF 4086 02:51:36,000 --> 02:51:37,600 WITH IN WITHDRAWAL PROCESS. 4087 02:51:37,600 --> 02:51:45,840 ONE CRUCIAL FEATURE IS DECEPTION 4088 02:51:45,840 --> 02:51:52,160 OF, EXCUSE ME, OF SLEEP PATTERNS 4089 02:51:52,160 --> 02:51:53,920 INDEED SLEEP DISRUPTION, 4090 02:51:53,920 --> 02:51:56,800 WITHDRAWAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED 4091 02:51:56,800 --> 02:51:57,680 WITH HYPERKATIFEIA. 4092 02:51:57,680 --> 02:52:02,560 THIS CONTRIBUTED FEELING OF 4093 02:52:02,560 --> 02:52:03,640 DISCOMFORT, DISSATISFACTION 4094 02:52:03,640 --> 02:52:05,200 EXPERIENCED BY THOSE UNDERGOING 4095 02:52:05,200 --> 02:52:06,200 ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL. 4096 02:52:06,200 --> 02:52:11,000 WE SEE ALTERED SLEEP 4097 02:52:11,000 --> 02:52:14,840 ARCHITECTURE, SLANGS -- CHANGES 4098 02:52:14,840 --> 02:52:25,360 IN RECOMMEND AND NON-REM SLEEP, 4099 02:52:26,600 --> 02:52:28,720 SELF-AWARENESS, HEDONIC 4100 02:52:28,720 --> 02:52:29,040 FUNCTIONING. 4101 02:52:29,040 --> 02:52:32,560 INTENSIFYING NEGATIVE EMOTIONAL 4102 02:52:32,560 --> 02:52:33,600 STATES AND MOTIVATIONAL 4103 02:52:33,600 --> 02:52:33,960 CHALLENGES. 4104 02:52:33,960 --> 02:52:37,160 SO, IN THE CONTEXT OF ALCOHOL 4105 02:52:37,160 --> 02:52:39,120 WITHDRAWAL HYPERKATIFEIA SLEEP 4106 02:52:39,120 --> 02:52:40,840 DYSFUNCTION PLAYS A VERY 4107 02:52:40,840 --> 02:52:43,840 IMPORTANT SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN 4108 02:52:43,840 --> 02:52:46,440 AMPLIFYING EMOTIONAL DISTRESS. 4109 02:52:46,440 --> 02:52:46,960 THIS INTENSIFIES NEGATIVE 4110 02:52:46,960 --> 02:52:52,000 EMOTIONS AND SENSITIVITY AS WELL 4111 02:52:52,000 --> 02:53:01,320 AS PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL 4112 02:53:01,320 --> 02:53:02,160 PRESSES, AMPLIFYING ALLOSTATIC 4113 02:53:02,160 --> 02:53:05,560 LOAD, THE COST THE BODY MIGHT 4114 02:53:05,560 --> 02:53:09,760 PAY BY HOSTING ADVERSE OR 4115 02:53:09,760 --> 02:53:10,720 DELETERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL OR 4116 02:53:10,720 --> 02:53:11,440 PHYSICAL SITUATION, REPRESENTING 4117 02:53:11,440 --> 02:53:12,240 PRESENCE OF TOO MUCH OF THE 4118 02:53:12,240 --> 02:53:15,840 DEMAND ON THE OPERATION OF 4119 02:53:15,840 --> 02:53:17,080 REGULATORY SYSTEMS. 4120 02:53:17,080 --> 02:53:20,120 SO THIS OVERALL STRAIN ON THE 4121 02:53:20,120 --> 02:53:21,880 BODY IS DEVELOPING, HOW SLEEP 4122 02:53:21,880 --> 02:53:24,720 LINKS WITH EMOTIONS AND 4123 02:53:24,720 --> 02:53:25,840 WITHDRAWAL, CONNECTION WITH 4124 02:53:25,840 --> 02:53:27,680 POTENTIALLY GUIDE INTERVENTION 4125 02:53:27,680 --> 02:53:31,760 TO REDUCE DISTRESS, ENHANCE 4126 02:53:31,760 --> 02:53:32,560 COPING, IMPROVE RECOVERY 4127 02:53:32,560 --> 02:53:32,960 OUTCOMES. 4128 02:53:32,960 --> 02:53:34,920 SO THE PURPOSE OF THIS CONCEPT 4129 02:53:34,920 --> 02:53:38,640 IS TO DEVELOP INTERVENTIONS FOR 4130 02:53:38,640 --> 02:53:41,720 ENHANCED TREATMENT OUTCOMES 4131 02:53:41,720 --> 02:53:43,480 SPECIFICALLY EXAMINE SLEEP 4132 02:53:43,480 --> 02:53:45,080 DISTURBANCES, HYPERKATIFEIA AND 4133 02:53:45,080 --> 02:53:45,880 INTERACTION TO DEVELOP 4134 02:53:45,880 --> 02:53:47,200 INTERVENTIONS TARGETING SLEEP 4135 02:53:47,200 --> 02:53:48,920 DYSFUNCTION AND IMPROVING 4136 02:53:48,920 --> 02:53:50,360 TREATMENT OUTCOMES. 4137 02:53:50,360 --> 02:53:52,000 AND ALSO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP 4138 02:53:52,000 --> 02:53:54,640 BETWEEN SLEEP DISTURBANCE AND 4139 02:53:54,640 --> 02:53:56,800 HYPERKATIFEIA DURING ALCOHOL 4140 02:53:56,800 --> 02:53:57,680 WITHDRAWAL, GAINING 4141 02:53:57,680 --> 02:53:59,000 COMPREHENSIVE UNDERSTANDING OF 4142 02:53:59,000 --> 02:54:01,200 HYPERKATIFEIA'S FEATURES AND ITS 4143 02:54:01,200 --> 02:54:04,120 CONNECTION WITH SLEEP 4144 02:54:04,120 --> 02:54:04,440 DISRUPTIONS. 4145 02:54:04,440 --> 02:54:05,720 ALSO DEVELOP PRECISE 4146 02:54:05,720 --> 02:54:08,400 INTERVENTIONS AIMED AT 4147 02:54:08,400 --> 02:54:09,320 MITIGATING SYMPTOMS, BOLSTERING 4148 02:54:09,320 --> 02:54:14,200 EMOTIONAL REGULATION, ENHANCING 4149 02:54:14,200 --> 02:54:16,760 OVERALL WELL-BEING THOSE 4150 02:54:16,760 --> 02:54:17,400 NAVIGATING HYPERKATIFEIA. 4151 02:54:17,400 --> 02:54:21,440 SO RESEARCH GOALS ARE CENTERED 4152 02:54:21,440 --> 02:54:23,520 AROUND CHARACTERIZING DISRUPTION 4153 02:54:23,520 --> 02:54:27,560 IN SLEEP STAGES, IMPACT ON 4154 02:54:27,560 --> 02:54:29,080 ALTERED SLEEP ARCHITECTURE, 4155 02:54:29,080 --> 02:54:31,880 MICRO AND MACRO ARCHITECTURES, 4156 02:54:31,880 --> 02:54:34,800 IDENTIFYING NEURONAL CIRCUIT 4157 02:54:34,800 --> 02:54:35,760 RESISTANCE, ENDOCRINE PATHWAYS, 4158 02:54:35,760 --> 02:54:39,160 CIRCUITS INVOLVED IN STRESS 4159 02:54:39,160 --> 02:54:42,440 DYSREGULATION AND MANIFESTATION 4160 02:54:42,440 --> 02:54:43,640 OF HYPERKATIFEIA, DEVELOP 4161 02:54:43,640 --> 02:54:45,080 SPECIFIC TARGETED INTERVENTIONS 4162 02:54:45,080 --> 02:54:46,960 SUCH AS DISRUPTION -- ADDRESSING 4163 02:54:46,960 --> 02:54:49,720 DISRUPTION IN SLEEP STAGES USING 4164 02:54:49,720 --> 02:54:53,080 BOTH PHARMACOLOGICAL AS WELL AS 4165 02:54:53,080 --> 02:54:55,040 NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES. 4166 02:54:55,040 --> 02:54:59,440 SO RESEARCH PLAN MAY INCLUDE 4167 02:54:59,440 --> 02:55:01,480 CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES TO 4168 02:55:01,480 --> 02:55:07,720 ASSESS SLEEP DISTURBSANCE AND 4169 02:55:07,720 --> 02:55:09,360 HYPERKATIFEIA SYMPTOMS, 4170 02:55:09,360 --> 02:55:15,720 OBJECTIVES MEASURES LIKE PSG, 4171 02:55:15,720 --> 02:55:18,440 EEG AND SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENTS. 4172 02:55:18,440 --> 02:55:20,200 PET OR fMRI TO INVESTIGATE 4173 02:55:20,200 --> 02:55:21,880 NEURAL BIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF 4174 02:55:21,880 --> 02:55:23,960 SLEEP DYSFUNCTION IN 4175 02:55:23,960 --> 02:55:25,280 HYPERKATIFEIA. 4176 02:55:25,280 --> 02:55:26,680 ALSO MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO 4177 02:55:26,680 --> 02:55:29,720 STUDY UNDERLYING NEUROBIOLOGY OF 4178 02:55:29,720 --> 02:55:31,480 SLEEP DISTURBANCE AND 4179 02:55:31,480 --> 02:55:32,480 HYPERKATIFEIA BY EXPLORING 4180 02:55:32,480 --> 02:55:35,440 PATHWAYS, GENETIC INFLUENCE AND 4181 02:55:35,440 --> 02:55:37,280 CIRCUIT LEVEL INTERACTIONS. 4182 02:55:37,280 --> 02:55:38,840 MAY INCLUDE LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP 4183 02:55:38,840 --> 02:55:40,040 ASSESSMENT TO EXAMINE SUSTAINED 4184 02:55:40,040 --> 02:55:44,960 EFFECTS OF INTERVENTION ON SLEEP 4185 02:55:44,960 --> 02:55:47,160 OUTCOMES, HYPERKATIFEIA SYMPTOMS 4186 02:55:47,160 --> 02:55:49,880 AND ALCOHOL STATES, RATES IN 4187 02:55:49,880 --> 02:55:51,400 INDIVIDUALS WITH AUD. 4188 02:55:51,400 --> 02:55:53,280 SO JUSTIFICATION FOR THIS 4189 02:55:53,280 --> 02:55:56,120 CONCEPT LISTED HERE, ADDRESS A 4190 02:55:56,120 --> 02:55:58,200 LARGE SIGNIFICANT KNOWLEDGE GAP 4191 02:55:58,200 --> 02:56:00,400 IN THE FIELD. 4192 02:56:00,400 --> 02:56:01,720 REMAINS UNFUNDED AREA OF 4193 02:56:01,720 --> 02:56:03,640 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTED IN ARTICLE 4194 02:56:03,640 --> 02:56:05,960 PUBLISHED IN 2022, ALSO HAVE 4195 02:56:05,960 --> 02:56:08,040 DONE MY OWN PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS, 4196 02:56:08,040 --> 02:56:12,520 THIS REMAINS UNFUNDED AREA OF 4197 02:56:12,520 --> 02:56:12,880 RESEARCH. 4198 02:56:12,880 --> 02:56:15,120 ALSO IT WOULD ADDRESS ROAM OF 4199 02:56:15,120 --> 02:56:20,400 SLEEP STAGES IN HYPERKATIFEIA 4200 02:56:20,400 --> 02:56:23,600 AND ALLOSTATIC LOAD, TO ENHANCE 4201 02:56:23,600 --> 02:56:25,440 WELL-BEING IN ALCOHOL-INDUCED 4202 02:56:25,440 --> 02:56:30,560 HYPERKATIFEIA CASES, ALSO WOULD 4203 02:56:30,560 --> 02:56:31,880 PROVIDE NEUROBIOLOGICAL INSIGHT, 4204 02:56:31,880 --> 02:56:33,320 UNCOVERING MECHANISMS AND 4205 02:56:33,320 --> 02:56:36,720 TARGETS FOR SYMPTOM RELIEF AND 4206 02:56:36,720 --> 02:56:38,120 TREATMENT ENHANCEMENT, OVERALL 4207 02:56:38,120 --> 02:56:41,000 IMPROVE STRESS REGULATION AND 4208 02:56:41,000 --> 02:56:45,680 EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING DURING 4209 02:56:45,680 --> 02:56:46,200 ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL-INDUCED 4210 02:56:46,200 --> 02:56:46,520 HYPERKATIFEIA. 4211 02:56:46,520 --> 02:56:47,520 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION. 4212 02:56:47,520 --> 02:56:49,400 I'M HAPPY TO ANSWER ANY QUELLS 4213 02:56:49,400 --> 02:56:50,920 YOU HAVE. 4214 02:56:50,920 --> 02:56:51,520 >> GO AHEAD, CHUCK. 4215 02:56:51,520 --> 02:56:55,400 >> SO WHEN I LISTEN TO THIS, 4216 02:56:55,400 --> 02:56:57,600 WHICH IS REALLY GREAT, IS THIS 4217 02:56:57,600 --> 02:56:59,760 PRIMARILY MEANT TO BE CLINICAL 4218 02:56:59,760 --> 02:57:00,000 STUDIES? 4219 02:57:00,000 --> 02:57:02,760 >> YES, MOST OF THE STUDIES WILL 4220 02:57:02,760 --> 02:57:03,560 BE IN HUMANS, YES. 4221 02:57:03,560 --> 02:57:05,080 >> AND IF THAT'S THE CASE I 4222 02:57:05,080 --> 02:57:11,520 WOUND WONDER IF THAT SHOULD BE 4223 02:57:11,520 --> 02:57:11,840 SPELLED OUT. 4224 02:57:11,840 --> 02:57:12,800 >> IT'S IN THE -- 4225 02:57:12,800 --> 02:57:13,680 >> IS IT? 4226 02:57:13,680 --> 02:57:13,920 YEAH. 4227 02:57:13,920 --> 02:57:15,880 ONCE PEOPLE WHO DO PRE-CLINICAL 4228 02:57:15,880 --> 02:57:17,440 STUDIES TO THINK ABOUT HOW THEY 4229 02:57:17,440 --> 02:57:20,360 ARE GOING TO INTEGRATE INTO 4230 02:57:20,360 --> 02:57:21,680 THIS, AND BE A WASTE OF TIME. 4231 02:57:21,680 --> 02:57:21,880 >> SURE 4232 02:57:21,880 --> 02:57:24,120 >> I THINK IT SHOULD BE VERY 4233 02:57:24,120 --> 02:57:27,160 CLEAR THAT WHAT YOUR PRIMARY AIM 4234 02:57:27,160 --> 02:57:30,800 IS CLINICAL HUMAN STUDIES. 4235 02:57:30,800 --> 02:57:31,400 >> THANK YOU. 4236 02:57:31,400 --> 02:57:33,840 >> WHICH ALSO RAISES AN ISSUE 4237 02:57:33,840 --> 02:57:38,800 FOR US AS TO HAVING SOME INPUT 4238 02:57:38,800 --> 02:57:40,200 FROM DTR, BECAUSE THE TWO LEGGED 4239 02:57:40,200 --> 02:57:43,640 RATS ARE GOING TO BE THE LARGEST 4240 02:57:43,640 --> 02:57:47,320 CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS STUDY. 4241 02:57:47,320 --> 02:57:49,400 SO ANTONIO AND RAY, YOU MAY WANT 4242 02:57:49,400 --> 02:57:51,480 TO HAVE A LITTLE DISCUSSION 4243 02:57:51,480 --> 02:57:56,640 ABOUT THAT BECAUSE THIS HAS COME 4244 02:57:56,640 --> 02:57:57,960 UP IN PREVIOUS STUDIES, ACROSS, 4245 02:57:57,960 --> 02:57:59,520 BETWEEN THE TWO DIVISIONS. 4246 02:57:59,520 --> 02:58:02,760 I DON'T WANT TO SILO OUR 4247 02:58:02,760 --> 02:58:03,120 DIVISIONS. 4248 02:58:03,120 --> 02:58:05,080 I DON'T WANT TO BURDEN OUR 4249 02:58:05,080 --> 02:58:06,600 DIVISIONS WITH EXTRA WORK BUT 4250 02:58:06,600 --> 02:58:09,160 THE FACT IS THAT WHEN IT COMES 4251 02:58:09,160 --> 02:58:19,440 TO HUMAN STUDIES, THE EXPERTISE 4252 02:58:19,440 --> 02:58:24,800 LIE WAS DTR. 4253 02:58:24,800 --> 02:58:27,200 >> WE GAVE HIM A LOT OF 4254 02:58:27,200 --> 02:58:29,560 FEEDBACK, PROBABLY MORE THAN HE 4255 02:58:29,560 --> 02:58:31,320 WANTED, BUT THE BIG PROBLEM IS 4256 02:58:31,320 --> 02:58:32,800 ALWAYS THE HETEROGENEITY THAT 4257 02:58:32,800 --> 02:58:35,680 YOU SEE IN THIS POPULATION. 4258 02:58:35,680 --> 02:58:37,320 EVEN SLEEP DISORDERS. 4259 02:58:37,320 --> 02:58:39,280 SO WE HAVE TALKED. 4260 02:58:39,280 --> 02:58:47,040 AND HE WAS HAPPY WITH MY 4261 02:58:47,040 --> 02:58:47,320 COMMENTS. 4262 02:58:47,320 --> 02:58:47,920 >> AGREED. 4263 02:58:47,920 --> 02:58:48,880 >> MAYBE TOO MANY. 4264 02:58:48,880 --> 02:58:51,240 >> WE'VE BEEN INTERACTING OUR 4265 02:58:51,240 --> 02:58:52,160 DIVISION WITH HIM. 4266 02:58:52,160 --> 02:58:53,280 >> I HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION AS 4267 02:58:53,280 --> 02:58:55,760 WELL IF I MAY. 4268 02:58:55,760 --> 02:58:59,160 I SAW IT IN THE OVERVIEW BUT I 4269 02:58:59,160 --> 02:59:01,480 DIDN'T SEE IT IN THE SLIDES 4270 02:59:01,480 --> 02:59:02,240 HERE. 4271 02:59:02,240 --> 02:59:03,560 JUST ENSURING THAT BEHAVIORAL 4272 02:59:03,560 --> 02:59:04,680 INTERVENTIONS ARE ALSO PART OF 4273 02:59:04,680 --> 02:59:08,600 THE FOCUS HERE, NOT JUST 4274 02:59:08,600 --> 02:59:09,920 PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS. 4275 02:59:09,920 --> 02:59:14,520 >> YES, BOTH PHARMACOLOGICAL AND 4276 02:59:14,520 --> 02:59:17,480 NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL, YES, 4277 02:59:17,480 --> 02:59:17,800 ABSOLUTELY. 4278 02:59:17,800 --> 02:59:20,000 >> ENDORSEMENT FROM COUNCIL 4279 02:59:20,000 --> 02:59:20,200 MEMBER? 4280 02:59:20,200 --> 02:59:20,440 >> YES. 4281 02:59:20,440 --> 02:59:20,840 >> SEVERAL. 4282 02:59:20,840 --> 02:59:24,880 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 4283 02:59:24,880 --> 02:59:25,560 >> THANK YOU. 4284 02:59:25,560 --> 02:59:26,360 >> ARE THERE QUESTIONS ONLINE 4285 02:59:26,360 --> 02:59:33,800 BEFORE YOU STEP OUT OF THE 4286 02:59:33,800 --> 02:59:34,040 PODIUM? 4287 02:59:34,040 --> 02:59:35,000 HANG ON. 4288 02:59:35,000 --> 02:59:37,440 THANK YOU, TRISH. 4289 02:59:37,440 --> 02:59:39,920 ANY QUESTIONS FROM ANYONE ONLINE 4290 02:59:39,920 --> 02:59:48,360 PLEASE? 4291 02:59:48,360 --> 02:59:48,640 ALL RIGHT. 4292 02:59:48,640 --> 02:59:49,120 >> THANK YOU. 4293 02:59:49,120 --> 02:59:52,200 >> KENDALL, ALL YOUR SKILLS THAT 4294 02:59:52,200 --> 02:59:52,800 YOU'VE ACQUIRED, ALL THE 4295 02:59:52,800 --> 02:59:53,840 CHALLENGES YOU FACE IN YOUR 4296 02:59:53,840 --> 02:59:55,160 CAREER MUST HAVE DONE LEVER 4297 02:59:55,160 --> 02:59:57,640 PRESSING AT SOME POINT NOW. 4298 02:59:57,640 --> 03:00:01,280 HAVE YOU NOT DONE THAT? 4299 03:00:01,280 --> 03:00:02,080 >> NO. 4300 03:00:02,080 --> 03:00:02,400 (INAUDIBLE). 4301 03:00:02,400 --> 03:00:03,360 >> WITH RATS, YEAH, THAT'S WHAT 4302 03:00:03,360 --> 03:00:04,080 I MEANT. 4303 03:00:04,080 --> 03:00:05,480 ALL RIGHT. 4304 03:00:05,480 --> 03:00:09,080 SO KENDALL BRYANT WORKS IN THE 4305 03:00:09,080 --> 03:00:13,120 OFFICE OF DIRECTOR, DIRECTOR OF 4306 03:00:13,120 --> 03:00:15,640 OUR HIV/AIDS PROGRAM AT NIAAA. 4307 03:00:15,640 --> 03:00:21,000 HE'S DONE A MAGNIFICENT JOB IN 4308 03:00:21,000 --> 03:00:25,280 HELPING END THE AIDS EPIDEMIC 4309 03:00:25,280 --> 03:00:31,840 BECAUSE OF ALCOHOL'S 4310 03:00:31,840 --> 03:00:33,680 CONTRIBUTION TO THE PATHOGENESIS 4311 03:00:33,680 --> 03:00:35,440 AND MAINTENANCE OF HIV, AND HE'S 4312 03:00:35,440 --> 03:00:39,920 NOW GOING TO TELL US ABOUT 4313 03:00:39,920 --> 03:00:40,680 COMPREHENSIVE ALCOHOL-HEARING 4314 03:00:40,680 --> 03:00:42,040 AIDS RESEARCH CENTERS THAT WE 4315 03:00:42,040 --> 03:00:42,560 SUPPORT. 4316 03:00:42,560 --> 03:00:44,440 YOU'LL STEP UP TO THE 4317 03:00:44,440 --> 03:00:44,920 MICROPHONE, KENDALL. 4318 03:00:44,920 --> 03:00:45,960 >> ALL RIGHT, GREAT. 4319 03:00:45,960 --> 03:00:46,840 THANK YOU. 4320 03:00:46,840 --> 03:00:49,560 I JUST GOT OFF THE TRAIL HERE. 4321 03:00:49,560 --> 03:00:52,560 JUST TO COME IN AND TALK TO YOU. 4322 03:00:52,560 --> 03:00:57,240 SO, THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE 4323 03:00:57,240 --> 03:01:00,400 ALCOHOL HIV/AIDS RESEARCH 4324 03:01:00,400 --> 03:01:01,520 CENTER, P60 MECHANISM, DR. KOOB 4325 03:01:01,520 --> 03:01:03,600 TALKED ABOUT THIS AT THE 4326 03:01:03,600 --> 03:01:07,160 BEGINNING OF THE MEETING. 4327 03:01:07,160 --> 03:01:08,320 LARGELY, THE CENTERS'S BEEN WITH 4328 03:01:08,320 --> 03:01:11,080 US FOR 30 YEARS. 4329 03:01:11,080 --> 03:01:14,360 THIS IS CURRENTLY THE ONE CENTER 4330 03:01:14,360 --> 03:01:18,160 THAT WE'RE SUPPORTING, AT LSU, A 4331 03:01:18,160 --> 03:01:20,480 REISSUE OF THE LATEST CENTER 4332 03:01:20,480 --> 03:01:21,240 ANNOUNCEMENT. 4333 03:01:21,240 --> 03:01:23,840 BUT THERE ARE TWO AIDS PLANS 4334 03:01:23,840 --> 03:01:25,840 THAT ARE BASICALLY DRIVING THE 4335 03:01:25,840 --> 03:01:27,320 CENTER ACTIVITIES. 4336 03:01:27,320 --> 03:01:29,520 ONE IS THE NIH AIDS PLAN, BOTH 4337 03:01:29,520 --> 03:01:36,680 ARE OVER 150 150 PAGES. 4338 03:01:36,680 --> 03:01:38,320 THE OTHER IS FEDERAL 4339 03:01:38,320 --> 03:01:39,000 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN. 4340 03:01:39,000 --> 03:01:43,920 SO SHIFT IN THE CENTER IS ALONG 4341 03:01:43,920 --> 03:01:47,720 THESE LINES TOWARD 4342 03:01:47,720 --> 03:01:48,920 IMPLEMENTATION, THE STRUCTURE IS 4343 03:01:48,920 --> 03:01:52,240 PRESENTED AT THE BOTTOM HERE, 4344 03:01:52,240 --> 03:01:55,320 REALLY THE -- WE'RE GOING TO 4345 03:01:55,320 --> 03:01:56,080 FOCUS ON CROSS-CUTTING AREAS, 4346 03:01:56,080 --> 03:01:58,240 I'M NOT GOING TO GO INTO THEM. 4347 03:01:58,240 --> 03:02:01,760 I CAN HAVE A REFERENCE FOR YOU 4348 03:02:01,760 --> 03:02:02,840 LATER. 4349 03:02:02,840 --> 03:02:03,160 GO ON. 4350 03:02:03,160 --> 03:02:08,000 THE PURPOSE OF THIS NOFO IS TO 4351 03:02:08,000 --> 03:02:09,600 USE THE NIH COMPREHENSIVE 4352 03:02:09,600 --> 03:02:11,040 RESEARCH CENTER MECHANISM TO 4353 03:02:11,040 --> 03:02:12,240 SUPPORT RESEARCH CENTER GRANTS 4354 03:02:12,240 --> 03:02:17,440 TO CONDUCT A RANGE OF BASIC AND 4355 03:02:17,440 --> 03:02:18,840 BEHAVIORAL CROSS-CUTTING, 4356 03:02:18,840 --> 03:02:19,920 INTERVENTION, AND TRANSLATIONAL 4357 03:02:19,920 --> 03:02:22,240 RESEARCH IN THE ALCOHOL AND 4358 03:02:22,240 --> 03:02:23,080 HIV/AIDS AREA. 4359 03:02:23,080 --> 03:02:28,800 AND THE MAIN ISSUE HERE IS THAT 4360 03:02:28,800 --> 03:02:29,920 THE CENTERS OPERATE AS A SPECIAL 4361 03:02:29,920 --> 03:02:30,000 CENTER. 4362 03:02:30,000 --> 03:02:32,960 [ NO AUDIO ] 4363 03:02:32,960 --> 03:02:35,920 >> OKAY, CHARLES MILLIKEN, ARE 4364 03:02:35,920 --> 03:02:39,240 YOU ON? 4365 03:02:39,240 --> 03:02:41,880 >> I AM, DR. KOOB. 4366 03:02:41,880 --> 03:02:43,160 REALLY DON'T HAVE ANYTHING TO 4367 03:02:43,160 --> 03:02:46,760 REPORT ON THIS WEEK. 4368 03:02:46,760 --> 03:02:47,360 OR THIS MEETING. 4369 03:02:47,360 --> 03:02:50,720 >> I'M GLAD TO HEAR YOU. 4370 03:02:50,720 --> 03:02:52,480 I HAVEN'T SEEN YOU YET BECAUSE I 4371 03:02:52,480 --> 03:02:54,120 DON'T SEE A VIDEO BUT PLEASE 4372 03:02:54,120 --> 03:02:57,600 JOIN US IN THE FUTURE. 4373 03:02:57,600 --> 03:02:58,360 THERE YOU ARE. 4374 03:02:58,360 --> 03:03:00,440 YOU HAVE SOMETHING YOU WANT TO 4375 03:03:00,440 --> 03:03:02,440 REPORT ON, OKAY? 4376 03:03:02,440 --> 03:03:02,800 >> WILL DO. 4377 03:03:02,800 --> 03:03:03,480 >> THANK YOU. 4378 03:03:03,480 --> 03:03:05,600 >> THANKS FOR CHECKING IN. 4379 03:03:05,600 --> 03:03:06,600 APPRECIATE IT. 4380 03:03:06,600 --> 03:03:08,120 ALL RIGHT. 4381 03:03:08,120 --> 03:03:10,720 WHAT'S LEFT? 4382 03:03:10,720 --> 03:03:15,360 4383 03:03:15,360 --> 03:03:20,360 OH, BOB. 4384 03:03:20,360 --> 03:03:22,200 BOB HUEBNER, FORMER DIRECTOR OF 4385 03:03:22,200 --> 03:03:24,120 THE FRIENDS OF NIAAA. 4386 03:03:24,120 --> 03:03:24,840 HE'S TRANSITIONING, AND HE'S 4387 03:03:24,840 --> 03:03:27,960 GOING TO INTRODUCE THE NEW 4388 03:03:27,960 --> 03:03:28,200 DIRECTOR. 4389 03:03:28,200 --> 03:03:28,640 >> THAT'S CORRECT. 4390 03:03:28,640 --> 03:03:30,600 >> OF THE FRIENDS OF NIAAA. 4391 03:03:30,600 --> 03:03:32,440 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, GEORGE. 4392 03:03:32,440 --> 03:03:34,440 THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR PATIENCE 4393 03:03:34,440 --> 03:03:35,040 AND ENDURANCE. 4394 03:03:35,040 --> 03:03:37,800 IT'S BEEN A LONG DAY, I KNOW. 4395 03:03:37,800 --> 03:03:40,240 AGAIN I'M BOB HUEBNER. 4396 03:03:40,240 --> 03:03:43,320 SPEAKING ON BEHALF OF THE 4397 03:03:43,320 --> 03:03:44,680 FRIENDS OF NIAAA, WHICH MOST OF 4398 03:03:44,680 --> 03:03:48,320 YOU KNOW IS A NON-PROFIT 4399 03:03:48,320 --> 03:03:51,000 ORGANIZATION THAT'S DEVOTED TO 4400 03:03:51,000 --> 03:03:54,320 PROMOTING THE EXCELLENT RESEARCH 4401 03:03:54,320 --> 03:03:56,200 SUPPORTED BY NIAAA. 4402 03:03:56,200 --> 03:03:57,600 AS GEORGE MENTIONED EARLIER, THE 4403 03:03:57,600 --> 03:04:02,000 IMPORTANCE OF GETTING THE WORD 4404 03:04:02,000 --> 03:04:04,040 OUT, FRIENDS OF NIAAA IS TOTALLY 4405 03:04:04,040 --> 03:04:05,480 AND COMPLETELY DEVOTED TO THAT 4406 03:04:05,480 --> 03:04:06,360 VERY IDEA. 4407 03:04:06,360 --> 03:04:08,560 OUR TARGET AUDIENCE IS OUR 4408 03:04:08,560 --> 03:04:10,720 MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, HEALTH AND 4409 03:04:10,720 --> 03:04:13,360 BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PROVIDERS, AND 4410 03:04:13,360 --> 03:04:14,480 THE GENERAL PUBLIC. 4411 03:04:14,480 --> 03:04:16,320 I WANT TO QUICKLY JUST SAY A 4412 03:04:16,320 --> 03:04:19,520 WORD OF THANKS TO DR. KOOB AND 4413 03:04:19,520 --> 03:04:22,160 HIS STAFF FOR PARTICIPATING IN 4414 03:04:22,160 --> 03:04:23,560 OUR WEBINARS AND BRIEFINGS OVER 4415 03:04:23,560 --> 03:04:25,080 THE PAST FEW YEARS. 4416 03:04:25,080 --> 03:04:26,840 AND FOR KEEPING US SO WELL 4417 03:04:26,840 --> 03:04:28,920 UPDATED ON WHAT'S GOING ON AT 4418 03:04:28,920 --> 03:04:30,440 THE INSTITUTE. 4419 03:04:30,440 --> 03:04:32,000 IT'S REALLY HELPED US TO DO OUR 4420 03:04:32,000 --> 03:04:33,000 JOB A LOT BETTER. 4421 03:04:33,000 --> 03:04:34,400 THERE ARE MANY GOOD THINGS TO 4422 03:04:34,400 --> 03:04:34,600 COME. 4423 03:04:34,600 --> 03:04:36,000 SPEAKING OF MANY GOOD THINGS TO 4424 03:04:36,000 --> 03:04:38,320 COME I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE THE 4425 03:04:38,320 --> 03:04:42,360 NEW CHAIR OF FRIENDS OF NIAAA, 4426 03:04:42,360 --> 03:04:44,600 DR. BILL WISERIK, THE PRESIDENT 4427 03:04:44,600 --> 03:04:50,360 AND CEO OF THE PACIFIC INSTITUTE 4428 03:04:50,360 --> 03:04:56,560 FOR RESEARCH AND EVALUATION. 4429 03:04:56,560 --> 03:04:58,960 AND GRANTEE MANY TIMES OVER, 4430 03:04:58,960 --> 03:05:03,200 BRINGING SCIENTIFIC EXPERIENCE 4431 03:05:03,200 --> 03:05:05,800 AND KNOWLEDGE, AND A GREAT DEAL 4432 03:05:05,800 --> 03:05:07,280 OF EXPERTISE RUNNING NON-PROFIT 4433 03:05:07,280 --> 03:05:08,280 ORGANIZATIONS. 4434 03:05:08,280 --> 03:05:10,560 I THINK THE FRIENDS OF NIAAA HAS 4435 03:05:10,560 --> 03:05:12,000 A LOT OF GOOD THINGS TO LOOK 4436 03:05:12,000 --> 03:05:13,960 FORWARD WITH BILL AT THE HELM. 4437 03:05:13,960 --> 03:05:15,480 I'M HAND IT OVER TO BILL. 4438 03:05:15,480 --> 03:05:18,040 >> BEFORE YOU SAY ANYTHING, 4439 03:05:18,040 --> 03:05:26,320 BILL, LET'S GIVE BOB A BIG ROUND 4440 03:05:26,320 --> 03:05:27,960 OF APPLAUSE FOR -- HOW MANY 4441 03:05:27,960 --> 03:05:29,160 YEARS, BOB, THAT YOU'VE DONE 4442 03:05:29,160 --> 03:05:30,520 THIS? 4443 03:05:30,520 --> 03:05:31,680 FOUR YEARS OF OUTSTANDING 4444 03:05:31,680 --> 03:05:35,080 SUPPORT VIA FRIENDS OF NIAAA. 4445 03:05:35,080 --> 03:05:36,400 >> AND THANK YOU, GEORGE. 4446 03:05:36,400 --> 03:05:37,800 THAT LEADS INTO WHAT I WANT TO 4447 03:05:37,800 --> 03:05:40,440 SAY, THESE ARE BIG SHOES TO FILL 4448 03:05:40,440 --> 03:05:42,960 AND THIS IS -- I'M VERY HAPPY TO 4449 03:05:42,960 --> 03:05:44,520 TAKE THIS ROLE BUT IT'S NOT AN 4450 03:05:44,520 --> 03:05:45,520 EASY ROLE -- 4451 03:05:45,520 --> 03:05:46,360 [ TECHNICAL ISSUES, PLEASE STAND BY] 4452 03:05:46,360 --> 03:05:48,760 MAY IS A LONG TIME AWAY. 4453 03:05:48,760 --> 03:05:56,320 >> IN THAT CASE I APPROVE OF THE 4454 03:05:56,320 --> 03:05:56,520 MINUTES. 4455 03:05:56,520 --> 03:05:57,960 >> THANK YOU. 4456 03:05:57,960 --> 03:06:00,160 >> 14th AND 15th? 4457 03:06:00,160 --> 03:06:01,360 >> 14th AND 15th. 4458 03:06:01,360 --> 03:06:04,400 I WILL DOUBLE CHECK AND SEND OUT 4459 03:06:04,400 --> 03:06:04,720 THE DETAILS. 4460 03:06:04,720 --> 03:06:05,280 >> OKAY. 4461 03:06:05,280 --> 03:06:08,360 SO COULD YOU LEAVE THAT SLIDE UP 4462 03:06:08,360 --> 03:06:19,320 FOR US? 4463 03:06:19,320 --> 03:06:25,320 SO, JEN JONES WANTED TO MENTION 4464 03:06:25,320 --> 03:06:26,760 HER SOCIETY FOR SOBER LIVER 4465 03:06:26,760 --> 03:06:27,040 SURVIVAL. 4466 03:06:27,040 --> 03:06:29,240 THE WEB LINK IS HERE. 4467 03:06:29,240 --> 03:06:35,200 SHE'S THE FOUNDER AND PURPOSE OF 4468 03:06:35,200 --> 03:06:36,200 HER SOCIETY IS THAT -- YOU HAVE 4469 03:06:36,200 --> 03:06:39,480 TO CUT THE PICTURES IF I'M GOING 4470 03:06:39,480 --> 03:06:41,440 TO READ THE SLIDES. 4471 03:06:41,440 --> 03:06:43,760 SO NO HUMAN DIAGNOSED WITH 4472 03:06:43,760 --> 03:06:45,080 ALCOHOL-RELATED LIVER DISEASE 4473 03:06:45,080 --> 03:06:46,920 HUFF TO WALK THIS COMPLEX 4474 03:06:46,920 --> 03:06:50,320 JOURNEY ALONE. 4475 03:06:50,320 --> 03:06:52,160 THE PURPOSE TO PROVIDE A SAFE 4476 03:06:52,160 --> 03:06:54,920 STAY SPACE TO EMPOWER PEOPLE TO 4477 03:06:54,920 --> 03:06:56,440 ACTIVATE THEIR AGENCY BY 4478 03:06:56,440 --> 03:06:58,160 DEVELOPING THEIR UNIQUE ALCOHOL 4479 03:06:58,160 --> 03:07:01,160 RECOVERY PATHWAY THROUGH PEER 4480 03:07:01,160 --> 03:07:03,360 GROUP AND MENTOR SUPPORT, 4481 03:07:03,360 --> 03:07:04,400 EDUCATION, EXTERNAL RESOURCES. 4482 03:07:04,400 --> 03:07:06,720 ADDITIONALLY, THROUGH THE 4483 03:07:06,720 --> 03:07:09,000 SUPPORT OF SOBER LIVER'S WHOLE 4484 03:07:09,000 --> 03:07:11,320 HEALTH ADVISORY COUNCIL, WE WILL 4485 03:07:11,320 --> 03:07:13,480 ACTIVELY ENSURE MEDICAL 4486 03:07:13,480 --> 03:07:14,120 PROVIDERS, HEALTH ASSOCIATIONS, 4487 03:07:14,120 --> 03:07:18,240 AND COMMUNITIES HAVE THE LATEST 4488 03:07:18,240 --> 03:07:20,160 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND ALCOHOL 4489 03:07:20,160 --> 03:07:22,120 ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE 4490 03:07:22,120 --> 03:07:23,520 INFORMATION ON EARLY DETECTION, 4491 03:07:23,520 --> 03:07:26,000 TREATMENT, AND PATIENT AND CARE 4492 03:07:26,000 --> 03:07:27,440 PARTNER SUPPORT OPTIONS. 4493 03:07:27,440 --> 03:07:29,520 SO THERE'S A VIDEO, YOU CAN SEE 4494 03:07:29,520 --> 03:07:35,960 THE LINK HERE ON YouTube. 4495 03:07:35,960 --> 03:07:37,520 WE'RE GOING TO INVITE THOROUGH 4496 03:07:37,520 --> 03:07:38,840 HAVE A LIAISON MEETING IN 4497 03:07:38,840 --> 03:07:40,400 SEPTEMBER WHERE SHE CAN SHOW THE 4498 03:07:40,400 --> 03:07:40,600 VIDEO. 4499 03:07:40,600 --> 03:07:43,640 WE'LL HAVE MORE TIME THERE. 4500 03:07:43,640 --> 03:07:47,200 DID YOU WANT TO SHOW THE VIDEO, 4501 03:07:47,200 --> 03:07:51,000 RV? 4502 03:07:51,000 --> 03:07:54,680 >> HI, I'M JENN JONES, FOUNDER 4503 03:07:54,680 --> 03:07:56,360 OF SOCIETY FOR SOBER LIVER 4504 03:07:56,360 --> 03:07:56,640 SURVIVAL. 4505 03:07:56,640 --> 03:08:04,200 I THANK DR. KOOB AND THE 4506 03:08:04,200 --> 03:08:05,960 COUNCIL TO DISCUSS WHY WE WANT 4507 03:08:05,960 --> 03:08:08,520 TO PARTNER WITH NIAAA TO DELIVER 4508 03:08:08,520 --> 03:08:12,360 BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR 4509 03:08:12,360 --> 03:08:13,280 INDIVIDUALS UP 4510 03:08:13,280 --> 03:08:14,000 ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED DELIVER 4511 03:08:14,000 --> 03:08:14,640 DISEASE, ALD. 4512 03:08:14,640 --> 03:08:17,440 ONE MOMENT WHILE I BRING UP MY 4513 03:08:17,440 --> 03:08:18,480 PRESENTATION. 4514 03:08:18,480 --> 03:08:20,840 >> I WANT TO THANK NIAAA FOR 4515 03:08:20,840 --> 03:08:25,160 INTEGRATING TREATMENTS. 4516 03:08:25,160 --> 03:08:29,000 TODAY I WILL SHARE A MISSING 4517 03:08:29,000 --> 03:08:32,600 PIECE AS WELL AS CENTRAL PIECE 4518 03:08:32,600 --> 03:08:33,560 TO CONNECT TREATMENTS. 4519 03:08:33,560 --> 03:08:37,280 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT ME REFER TO 4520 03:08:37,280 --> 03:08:41,600 MY BIO. 4521 03:08:41,600 --> 03:08:44,080 THIS SUMMER THE CONFERENCE, IT 4522 03:08:44,080 --> 03:08:45,080 WAS ANNOUNCED NEW NOMENCLATURE 4523 03:08:45,080 --> 03:08:47,680 FOR FATTY LIVER DISEASE UPDATING 4524 03:08:47,680 --> 03:08:58,200 TO STAY STEATOTIC AND METABOLIC, 4525 03:09:04,280 --> 03:09:05,640 AND MASLD SAME JOURNEY, 4526 03:09:05,640 --> 03:09:07,480 CONDUCIVE TO COMBINING EFFORTS 4527 03:09:07,480 --> 03:09:10,560 WITH ADVOCATES AND SUPPORTING 4528 03:09:10,560 --> 03:09:12,240 PEOPLE WITH THESE CONDITIONS. 4529 03:09:12,240 --> 03:09:14,960 THERE ARE MANY TARGETED 4530 03:09:14,960 --> 03:09:20,440 ORGANIZATIONS FOR LIVER DISEASE, 4531 03:09:20,440 --> 03:09:23,360 THERE IS A MISSING PIECE. 4532 03:09:23,360 --> 03:09:25,320 I ADVOCATE FOR AND SUPPORT THEIR 4533 03:09:25,320 --> 03:09:27,120 IMPACTFUL WORK, IT IS ALSO A 4534 03:09:27,120 --> 03:09:29,040 PIECE MISSING IN PROGRAMMING AT 4535 03:09:29,040 --> 03:09:33,000 BOTH MAJOR LIVER ADVOCACY 4536 03:09:33,000 --> 03:09:33,880 ORGANIZATIONS. 4537 03:09:33,880 --> 03:09:35,200 AMERICAN FOUNDATION, LIVER 4538 03:09:35,200 --> 03:09:37,040 FOUNDATION, GLOBAL LIVER 4539 03:09:37,040 --> 03:09:38,160 INSTITUTE. 4540 03:09:38,160 --> 03:09:41,760 IT HAPPENS TO BE THE LIVER 4541 03:09:41,760 --> 03:09:42,400 DISEASE THAT KILLS THE MOST 4542 03:09:42,400 --> 03:09:47,320 PEOPLE IN THE U.S., NUMBER ONE 4543 03:09:47,320 --> 03:09:48,200 REASON FOR TRANSPLANTS. 4544 03:09:48,200 --> 03:09:51,680 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE FATTY 4545 03:09:51,680 --> 03:09:52,440 LIVER FOUNDATION, MENTORSHIP 4546 03:09:52,440 --> 03:09:55,320 WITH THE CEO OF THE AMERICAN 4547 03:09:55,320 --> 03:09:57,920 LIVER FOUNDATION MEDICAL 4548 03:09:57,920 --> 03:09:59,120 ADVISEMENT FROM DR. SHAH, MAYO 4549 03:09:59,120 --> 03:10:01,240 CLINIC CHAIR OF INTERNAL 4550 03:10:01,240 --> 03:10:05,720 MEDICINE AND DR. MELLINGER WITH 4551 03:10:05,720 --> 03:10:07,920 MICHIGAN MEDICINE ALCOHOL 4552 03:10:07,920 --> 03:10:08,880 IMPROVEMENT NETWORK CHAMPIONS 4553 03:10:08,880 --> 03:10:10,760 AND PATIENT PARTNERS LIKE BETH 4554 03:10:10,760 --> 03:10:12,440 LAYMAN, I FOUNDED SOBER LIVER IN 4555 03:10:12,440 --> 03:10:15,560 MARCH OF THIS YEAR TO SUPPORT 4556 03:10:15,560 --> 03:10:18,960 THIS HIGH MORTALITY GROWING 4557 03:10:18,960 --> 03:10:19,440 POPULATION. 4558 03:10:19,440 --> 03:10:23,000 WE MUST ACT NOW, THE PANDEMIC 4559 03:10:23,000 --> 03:10:28,480 HAS INCREASEED DEATHS AT AAN 4560 03:10:28,480 --> 03:10:30,120 ALARMING RATE. 4561 03:10:30,120 --> 03:10:32,520 OUR YOUNG WORKFORCE POPULATION 4562 03:10:32,520 --> 03:10:36,200 WILL HAVE UNFORESEEN ECONOMIC 4563 03:10:36,200 --> 03:10:36,440 IMPACTS. 4564 03:10:36,440 --> 03:10:37,400 AND AFFECTING WOMEN, 4565 03:10:37,400 --> 03:10:38,080 REPRODUCTIVE MEMBERS OF SOCIETY, 4566 03:10:38,080 --> 03:10:41,920 WHICH WILL LEAD TO GREATER FETAL 4567 03:10:41,920 --> 03:10:44,360 ALCOHOL SYNDROME, MOMS UNABLE TO 4568 03:10:44,360 --> 03:10:45,800 CARE FOR CHILDREN OR SEE THEM 4569 03:10:45,800 --> 03:10:48,240 GROW UP AND WOMEN WITH RESOURCES 4570 03:10:48,240 --> 03:10:50,000 TO HAVE CHILDREN DECIDING 4571 03:10:50,000 --> 03:10:53,880 AGAINST IT AS THEY CAN NOT STOP 4572 03:10:53,880 --> 03:10:56,040 DRINKING FOR NINE MONTHS. 4573 03:10:56,040 --> 03:10:57,480 MANY WELL RESOURCED INSTITUTIONS 4574 03:10:57,480 --> 03:11:00,880 ARE MOVING TO INTEGRATIVE MODEL 4575 03:11:00,880 --> 03:11:02,520 TREATING BOTH SIMULTANEOUSLY. 4576 03:11:02,520 --> 03:11:04,240 LIKE THE MICHIGAN ALCOHOL 4577 03:11:04,240 --> 03:11:05,360 IMPROVEMENT NETWORK, PEOPLE 4578 03:11:05,360 --> 03:11:08,760 DIAGNOSED WITH ALD MEET WITH A 4579 03:11:08,760 --> 03:11:10,280 HEPATOLOGIST, PSYCHIATRIST, AND 4580 03:11:10,280 --> 03:11:14,000 PSYCHOLOGIST IN ONE CLINIC WHILE 4581 03:11:14,000 --> 03:11:15,320 ENCOURAGING ATTENDING MUTUAL AID 4582 03:11:15,320 --> 03:11:16,560 SOCIETIES BUT THESE SOCIETIES 4583 03:11:16,560 --> 03:11:18,960 ARE FOR PEOPLE WITH AUD AND MANY 4584 03:11:18,960 --> 03:11:21,120 ARE NOT DIAGNOSED WITH ALD WHICH 4585 03:11:21,120 --> 03:11:23,840 CAN LEAD TO FEELINGS OF SHAME, 4586 03:11:23,840 --> 03:11:24,840 MORE SHAME, AND INCREASED 4587 03:11:24,840 --> 03:11:28,880 SELF-STIGMA FOR THE PERSON WITH 4588 03:11:28,880 --> 03:11:30,680 ALD. 4589 03:11:30,680 --> 03:11:32,400 WE MUST REDUCE STIGMAS 4590 03:11:32,400 --> 03:11:34,120 ASSOCIATED WITH ALD. 4591 03:11:34,120 --> 03:11:40,160 ALD STIGMA CAN BE COMBATED WITH 4592 03:11:40,160 --> 03:11:44,560 EMPATHY TO LEAD ACTION AGAINST 4593 03:11:44,560 --> 03:11:46,320 THIS STIGMATIZATION. 4594 03:11:46,320 --> 03:11:47,720 SOBER LIVER WILL BRIDGE 4595 03:11:47,720 --> 03:11:49,760 STRATEGIES CREATING A SPACE FOR 4596 03:11:49,760 --> 03:11:53,640 PEOPLE WITH BOTH AUD AND ALD. 4597 03:11:53,640 --> 03:11:57,760 WHEN I ALMOST DIED FROM LIVER 4598 03:11:57,760 --> 03:11:59,440 FAILURE IN 2018 I HAD 30% CHANCE 4599 03:11:59,440 --> 03:12:01,600 OF SURVIVING 30 DAYS. 4600 03:12:01,600 --> 03:12:03,000 DIAGNOSED WITH ALCOHOL INDUCED 4601 03:12:03,000 --> 03:12:04,320 HEPATITIS AND ALD. 4602 03:12:04,320 --> 03:12:06,840 I FELT ASHAMED THAT I HAD GOTTEN 4603 03:12:06,840 --> 03:12:08,160 MYSELF TO THIS POINT, BLAMING 4604 03:12:08,160 --> 03:12:09,720 MYSELF FOR LETTING THE SEVERE 4605 03:12:09,720 --> 03:12:10,680 INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE I 4606 03:12:10,680 --> 03:12:12,520 SUFFERED LEAD ME DOWN THIS ROAD. 4607 03:12:12,520 --> 03:12:14,520 I WAS EMBARRASSED TO TALK WITH 4608 03:12:14,520 --> 03:12:17,360 MY FAMILY AND THOUGHT I MAY BE 4609 03:12:17,360 --> 03:12:18,560 BETTER OFF DEAD. 4610 03:12:18,560 --> 03:12:21,520 IF IT WASN'T FOR MY DOG I WOULD 4611 03:12:21,520 --> 03:12:22,160 HAVE GIVEN UP. 4612 03:12:22,160 --> 03:12:25,000 IF ONLY I HAD SOMEONE TO SHARE 4613 03:12:25,000 --> 03:12:26,320 FEELINGS WITH, CAME OUT ON THE 4614 03:12:26,320 --> 03:12:28,400 OTHER SIDE ALIVE AND WITH HOPE. 4615 03:12:28,400 --> 03:12:31,480 OUR GOAL IS TO BE THAT SOMEONE, 4616 03:12:31,480 --> 03:12:33,440 PROVIDING SOCIAL AND PEER 4617 03:12:33,440 --> 03:12:35,920 SUPPORT, CREATING BETTER HEALTH 4618 03:12:35,920 --> 03:12:37,680 OUTCOMES BY DISCOVERING THE 4619 03:12:37,680 --> 03:12:40,560 UNDERLYING WHY FOR DRINKING AND 4620 03:12:40,560 --> 03:12:41,720 FINDING SHORT- AND LONG-TERM 4621 03:12:41,720 --> 03:12:44,120 PURPOSES, REDUCING STIGMA AND 4622 03:12:44,120 --> 03:12:47,280 SHAME WHILE INCREASING 4623 03:12:47,280 --> 03:12:48,400 CONNECTION, AND BELONGING. 4624 03:12:48,400 --> 03:12:49,960 WE WILL ACCOMPLISH THIS MISSION 4625 03:12:49,960 --> 03:12:52,200 BY CREATING A SAFE SPACE TO 4626 03:12:52,200 --> 03:12:54,320 ENGAGE AND EMPOWER PEOPLE TO 4627 03:12:54,320 --> 03:12:55,400 ACTIVATE THEIR AGENCY BY 4628 03:12:55,400 --> 03:12:56,960 DEVELOPING THEIR UNIQUE ALCOHOL 4629 03:12:56,960 --> 03:12:58,920 RECOVERY PATHWAY THROUGH PEER 4630 03:12:58,920 --> 03:13:02,000 AND MENTOR SUPPORT, EDUCATION, 4631 03:13:02,000 --> 03:13:03,480 AND EXTERNAL RESOURCES. 4632 03:13:03,480 --> 03:13:04,840 ORIGINALLY SOBER LIVER WAS 4633 03:13:04,840 --> 03:13:15,040 SEEKING TO BECOME THE 501(C)3, 4634 03:13:15,040 --> 03:13:19,840 BUT BECAUSE OF THE NEW 4635 03:13:19,840 --> 03:13:22,920 NOMENCLATURE, I MET WITH 4636 03:13:22,920 --> 03:13:25,680 LEADERSHIP AT THE FATTY LIVER 4637 03:13:25,680 --> 03:13:26,760 FOUNDATION TO ACCELERATE SO WE 4638 03:13:26,760 --> 03:13:28,520 CAN BE MORE AGILE AND HELP 4639 03:13:28,520 --> 03:13:30,680 PEOPLE IN NEED OF SUPPORT. 4640 03:13:30,680 --> 03:13:32,200 WE'RE CURRENTLY WORKING ON AN 4641 03:13:32,200 --> 03:13:34,640 MOU FOR SOBER LIVER TO BECOME 4642 03:13:34,640 --> 03:13:35,720 RESTRICTED PROGRAM IN THE 4643 03:13:35,720 --> 03:13:37,680 ORGANIZATION AND WILL BE 4644 03:13:37,680 --> 03:13:41,680 ANNOUNCING THE STRUCTURE AND OF 4645 03:13:41,680 --> 03:13:44,160 IN UPCOMING PRESS RELEASE. 4646 03:13:44,160 --> 03:13:48,080 WHICH LEADS ME TO WHY SOBER 4647 03:13:48,080 --> 03:13:52,440 LIVER IS SEEKING YOUR HELP WITH 4648 03:13:52,440 --> 03:13:53,880 EVIDENCE INDICATING THIS CAN 4649 03:13:53,880 --> 03:13:55,760 IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES AND NEED 4650 03:13:55,760 --> 03:13:57,800 TO SOLVE STIGMA AND SHAME 4651 03:13:57,800 --> 03:13:59,680 ASSOCIATED WITH ALD WE POSTULATE 4652 03:13:59,680 --> 03:14:02,720 INCLUDING SOBER LIVER IN THESE 4653 03:14:02,720 --> 03:14:03,520 INTEGRATIVE MODELS AND CLINICAL 4654 03:14:03,520 --> 03:14:05,160 TRIALS WILL IMPROVE HEALTH 4655 03:14:05,160 --> 03:14:07,600 OUTCOMES FOR PEOPLE WITH ALD. 4656 03:14:07,600 --> 03:14:13,040 TO ACCOMPLISH THESE GOALS WE'RE 4657 03:14:13,040 --> 03:14:14,040 SEEKING SUPPORT FOR OUR MISSION, 4658 03:14:14,040 --> 03:14:16,240 ALSO WANT TO BE INCLUDED IN 4659 03:14:16,240 --> 03:14:21,800 CLINICAL TRIALS TO PRODUCE 4660 03:14:21,800 --> 03:14:24,520 EVIDENCE-BASED CARE MODELS. 4661 03:14:24,520 --> 03:14:27,160 WHAT WOULD A GRANT DO FOR SOBER 4662 03:14:27,160 --> 03:14:28,240 LIVER? 4663 03:14:28,240 --> 03:14:30,000 IT WOULD PROVIDE SEAMLESS 4664 03:14:30,000 --> 03:14:31,440 TRANSFER OF SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS 4665 03:14:31,440 --> 03:14:33,080 PRE AND POST TRANSPLANT, SUPPORT 4666 03:14:33,080 --> 03:14:34,600 FOR THEIR TRANSPLANT THROUGH 4667 03:14:34,600 --> 03:14:37,000 MENTORS WHOSE LIVES HAVE BEEN 4668 03:14:37,000 --> 03:14:38,320 IMPACTED, PREVENT RELAPSE 4669 03:14:38,320 --> 03:14:40,960 THROUGH EVIDENCE-BASED SUPPORT 4670 03:14:40,960 --> 03:14:42,400 FOR UNIQUE RECOVERY PATHWAYS, 4671 03:14:42,400 --> 03:14:44,120 AND PROVIDE PATIENT NAVIGATION 4672 03:14:44,120 --> 03:14:47,880 TO ENSURE MEDICAL COMPLIANCE AND 4673 03:14:47,880 --> 03:14:50,360 TREATMENT ADHERENCE. 4674 03:14:50,360 --> 03:14:52,440 DR. JESSICA MELLINGER SAID PEER 4675 03:14:52,440 --> 03:14:54,200 SUPPORT IS SEVERELY LACKING, AND 4676 03:14:54,200 --> 03:14:56,840 MANY FIND THEMSELVES FEELING 4677 03:14:56,840 --> 03:14:58,120 ISOLATED AND ALONE, COPING NOT 4678 03:14:58,120 --> 03:15:00,440 ONLY WITH STIGMA OF ALCOHOL USE 4679 03:15:00,440 --> 03:15:01,960 DISORDER BUT ALSO WITH 4680 03:15:01,960 --> 03:15:04,280 CHALLENGES AND STIGMA OF HAVING 4681 03:15:04,280 --> 03:15:04,480 ALD. 4682 03:15:04,480 --> 03:15:06,360 HAVING ACCESS TO A PEER NETWORK 4683 03:15:06,360 --> 03:15:09,080 SUCH AS SOCIETY FOR SOBER LIVER 4684 03:15:09,080 --> 03:15:11,480 SURVIVAL FOR SUPPORT AND 4685 03:15:11,480 --> 03:15:14,240 GUIDANCE WHILE NAVIGATING OFTEN 4686 03:15:14,240 --> 03:15:15,200 COMPLEX AND BEWILDERING PROCESS 4687 03:15:15,200 --> 03:15:17,520 OF RECOVERING FROM ALCOHOL USE 4688 03:15:17,520 --> 03:15:19,360 DISORDERS WHILE COPING WITH 4689 03:15:19,360 --> 03:15:21,360 LIVER DISEASE WOULD BE 4690 03:15:21,360 --> 03:15:25,480 INVALUABLE TO OUR PATIENTS. 4691 03:15:25,480 --> 03:15:27,680 TOGETHER WE CAN INCREASE THE 4692 03:15:27,680 --> 03:15:29,680 NUMBER OF SOBER LIVER SURVIVORS. 4693 03:15:29,680 --> 03:15:32,960 MY CONTACT NUMBER IS BELOW. 4694 03:15:32,960 --> 03:15:35,360 AND I HAVE ENJOYED SHARING WITH 4695 03:15:35,360 --> 03:15:37,200 YOU TODAY AND PLEASE CONTACT ME 4696 03:15:37,200 --> 03:15:37,800 WITH ANY QUESTIONS. 4697 03:15:37,800 --> 03:15:39,960 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR 4698 03:15:39,960 --> 03:15:40,200 SUPPORT. 4699 03:15:40,200 --> 03:15:41,720 I LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING WITH 4700 03:15:41,720 --> 03:15:44,520 YOU ALL SOON. 4701 03:15:44,520 --> 03:15:45,960 4702 03:15:45,960 --> 03:15:48,040 >> THANK YOU, JENN JONES. 4703 03:15:48,040 --> 03:15:52,960 YOU'RE ALSO WELCOME AS I SAID 4704 03:15:52,960 --> 03:15:55,280 EARLIER, IN THE LIAISON MEETING, 4705 03:15:55,280 --> 03:16:00,160 AND HEAR THIS AGAIN, LOOKS LIKE 4706 03:16:00,160 --> 03:16:03,040 A REALLY INTERESTING NON-PROFIT 4707 03:16:03,040 --> 03:16:07,640 THAT'S EMERGING AND WE HAVE AN 4708 03:16:07,640 --> 03:16:11,880 ACTIVE PROGRAM IN DMHE IN 4709 03:16:11,880 --> 03:16:16,480 EXPLORING HOW WE CAN DO JOINT 4710 03:16:16,480 --> 03:16:17,240 TREATMENT WITH 4711 03:16:17,240 --> 03:16:18,000 ALCOHOL-ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE 4712 03:16:18,000 --> 03:16:19,280 AND ALCOHOL USE DISORDER. 4713 03:16:19,280 --> 03:16:23,720 SO THIS IS AN ONGOING AREA OF 4714 03:16:23,720 --> 03:16:25,440 RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION 4715 03:16:25,440 --> 03:16:25,680 SCIENCE. 4716 03:16:25,680 --> 03:16:29,600 HOPEFULLY DOWN THE LINE. 4717 03:16:29,600 --> 03:16:29,800 OKAY. 4718 03:16:29,800 --> 03:16:33,560 SO, WE HAVE -- IF WE STAY ON 4719 03:16:33,560 --> 03:16:36,720 TIME, ADJOURN AT 4:20 WE HAVE 10 4720 03:16:36,720 --> 03:16:38,160 MINUTES, IF YOU HAVE RESIDUAL 4721 03:16:38,160 --> 03:16:38,440 QUESTIONS. 4722 03:16:38,440 --> 03:16:40,440 YOU'VE BEEN ACTIVE TODAY. 4723 03:16:40,440 --> 03:16:42,120 WHAT ABOUT ONLINE INDIVIDUALS 4724 03:16:42,120 --> 03:16:43,960 WHO ARE COUNCIL MEMBERS? 4725 03:16:43,960 --> 03:16:48,000 DO ANY OF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS 4726 03:16:48,000 --> 03:16:50,080 OR THOUGHTS OR COMMENTS ABOUT 4727 03:16:50,080 --> 03:16:57,600 COUNCIL THIS TIME, OTHER THAN 4728 03:16:57,600 --> 03:16:58,320 PROBLEMS WITH ZOOM? 4729 03:16:58,320 --> 03:16:58,960 >> [OFF MICROPHONE]. 4730 03:16:58,960 --> 03:17:02,600 >> SO THERE'S NOBODY LEFT 4731 03:17:02,600 --> 03:17:04,280 ONLINE. 4732 03:17:04,280 --> 03:17:06,720 I'M SPEAKING TO THE VOID, IS 4733 03:17:06,720 --> 03:17:12,400 THAT YOU'RE TELLING ME, RV? 4734 03:17:12,400 --> 03:17:15,960 >> WE'RE HERE. 4735 03:17:15,960 --> 03:17:19,160 >> COMMENTS, QUESTIONS? 4736 03:17:19,160 --> 03:17:21,800 4737 03:17:21,800 --> 03:17:22,640 >> GREAT MEETING. 4738 03:17:22,640 --> 03:17:24,160 AND THIS IS MY FIRST TIME ALL 4739 03:17:24,160 --> 03:17:27,600 THE WAY THROUGH THE OPEN AND 4740 03:17:27,600 --> 03:17:28,480 CLOSED SESSION TOGETHER, AND SO 4741 03:17:28,480 --> 03:17:31,000 IT WAS GOOD TO PARTICIPATE. 4742 03:17:31,000 --> 03:17:32,960 >> OKAY, GREAT. 4743 03:17:32,960 --> 03:17:33,880 ANY OTHER COMMENTS FROM 4744 03:17:33,880 --> 03:17:36,240 INDIVIDUALS? 4745 03:17:36,240 --> 03:17:36,640 4746 03:17:36,640 --> 03:17:38,880 >> YEAH, THIS IS KITT CARPENTER 4747 03:17:38,880 --> 03:17:41,360 AT VANDERBILT. 4748 03:17:41,360 --> 03:17:42,800 PRESENTATIONS WERE EXCELLENT, 4749 03:17:42,800 --> 03:17:46,560 ESPECIALLY ENJOYED THE DEIA 4750 03:17:46,560 --> 03:17:49,160 PRESENTATION, I'LL BE JOINING 4751 03:17:49,160 --> 03:17:52,440 THE SCMRO WORKING GROUP ON 4752 03:17:52,440 --> 03:17:53,560 COUNCIL OF COUNCILS, HAPPY TO 4753 03:17:53,560 --> 03:17:55,600 WORK WITH DAWN AND OTHERS GOING 4754 03:17:55,600 --> 03:17:56,720 FORWARD, REALLY EXCITED ABOUT 4755 03:17:56,720 --> 03:17:59,120 THAT. 4756 03:17:59,120 --> 03:17:59,920 4757 03:17:59,920 --> 03:18:03,280 >> WHO ELSE HAVE WE MISSED 4758 03:18:03,280 --> 03:18:08,080 THAT'S A MEMBER? 4759 03:18:08,080 --> 03:18:09,480 LAURA NAGY, ANY THOUGHTS? 4760 03:18:09,480 --> 03:18:10,600 >> NOTHING TO ADD. 4761 03:18:10,600 --> 03:18:11,560 VERY INTERESTING MEETING AND 4762 03:18:11,560 --> 03:18:12,600 EVEN THOUGH WE MISSED A LITTLE 4763 03:18:12,600 --> 03:18:14,600 BIT OF IT I THINK WE GOT THE 4764 03:18:14,600 --> 03:18:15,320 FULL GIST. 4765 03:18:15,320 --> 03:18:16,360 IT WAS VERY INTERESTING. 4766 03:18:16,360 --> 03:18:17,360 THANK YOU. 4767 03:18:17,360 --> 03:18:18,800 >> ALL RIGHT. 4768 03:18:18,800 --> 03:18:22,320 THANK YOU, LAURA. 4769 03:18:22,320 --> 03:18:26,480 ANYBODY ELSE THAT I MISSED 4770 03:18:26,480 --> 03:18:30,080 FROM -- TINA CHAMBERS, ANYTHING 4771 03:18:30,080 --> 03:18:31,320 FROM YOU? 4772 03:18:31,320 --> 03:18:34,120 >> MEETING WAS FABULOUS, I'M 4773 03:18:34,120 --> 03:18:37,720 REALLY INTERESTED IN THE PCSK9 4774 03:18:37,720 --> 03:18:38,520 DISCUSSION, AND ROLE OF 4775 03:18:38,520 --> 03:18:40,800 CHOLESTEROL. 4776 03:18:40,800 --> 03:18:41,560 4777 03:18:41,560 --> 03:18:43,960 >> YEAH, IT'S A BURGEONING AREA 4778 03:18:43,960 --> 03:18:47,040 OF SIGNIFICANT INTEREST. 4779 03:18:47,040 --> 03:18:50,520 WE HAVE AT LEAST TWO RESEARCHERS 4780 03:18:50,520 --> 03:18:52,760 IN OUR ARP WORKING ON THIS, AND 4781 03:18:52,760 --> 03:18:56,120 -- WELL, THREE IF YOU COUNT NORA 4782 03:18:56,120 --> 03:18:59,360 VOLKOW, SO NORA VOLKOW, FALK AND 4783 03:18:59,360 --> 03:19:03,640 PAL PATCHER, SO THEY HAVE ALL 4784 03:19:03,640 --> 03:19:07,040 BEEN PUBLISHING IN EITHER PSCK 9 4785 03:19:07,040 --> 03:19:10,360 OR IN CHOLESTEROL WORK. 4786 03:19:10,360 --> 03:19:12,520 YOU MIGHT WANT TO CONTACT ANY OF 4787 03:19:12,520 --> 03:19:13,560 THEM BECAUSE I'M SURE THEY ARE 4788 03:19:13,560 --> 03:19:16,480 HAPPY TO SHARE SOME OF THEIR 4789 03:19:16,480 --> 03:19:16,800 PUBLICATIONS. 4790 03:19:16,800 --> 03:19:17,120 >> ABSOLUTELY. 4791 03:19:17,120 --> 03:19:18,640 A BIG INTEREST AREA IN 4792 03:19:18,640 --> 03:19:20,320 PREGNANCY. 4793 03:19:20,320 --> 03:19:22,360 >> I DIDN'T KNOW THAT PART. 4794 03:19:22,360 --> 03:19:24,480 >> YES. 4795 03:19:24,480 --> 03:19:26,000 >> OTHER COMMENTS FROM ANYONE 4796 03:19:26,000 --> 03:19:27,320 NOW? 4797 03:19:27,320 --> 03:19:29,280 I WANTED TO SINGLE OUT OUR 4798 03:19:29,280 --> 03:19:31,360 ONLINE INDIVIDUALS TO SEE IF 4799 03:19:31,360 --> 03:19:34,200 THEY HAD ANY FURTHER COMMENTS OR 4800 03:19:34,200 --> 03:19:34,760 THOUGHTS. 4801 03:19:34,760 --> 03:19:37,360 ANYONE IN THE ROOM HERE? 4802 03:19:37,360 --> 03:19:39,880 ANYTHING WE NEED TO PAY 4803 03:19:39,880 --> 03:19:40,640 ATTENTION TO? 4804 03:19:40,640 --> 03:19:44,240 MICHAEL, ANYTHING WE LEFT OUT. 4805 03:19:44,240 --> 03:19:49,640 4806 03:19:49,640 --> 03:19:51,840 >> REALLY INTERESTING MEETING. 4807 03:19:51,840 --> 03:19:52,240 LEARNED A LOT. 4808 03:19:52,240 --> 03:19:54,000 >> MARY? 4809 03:19:54,000 --> 03:19:57,400 ARE YOU HAPPY TO SEE HOW COLLEGE 4810 03:19:57,400 --> 03:19:59,040 AIM PROGRESSED OVER THESE YEARS? 4811 03:19:59,040 --> 03:20:01,000 >> YES, IT'S GREAT TO SEE THE 4812 03:20:01,000 --> 03:20:02,760 UPTAKE OF THAT AND THE IMPACT OF 4813 03:20:02,760 --> 03:20:05,280 IT WHEN WE TALK WITH CAMPUSES 4814 03:20:05,280 --> 03:20:07,400 AROUND THE COUNTRY, MOST OF THEM 4815 03:20:07,400 --> 03:20:10,520 ARE WELL AWARE OF IT AND IT'S 4816 03:20:10,520 --> 03:20:12,360 EXCITING TO SEE THAT BEING USED. 4817 03:20:12,360 --> 03:20:14,400 >> IT'S REALLY APPROPRIATE NOW 4818 03:20:14,400 --> 03:20:18,240 GIVEN WOMEN HAVE PASSED MEN IN 4819 03:20:18,240 --> 03:20:20,080 BINGE DRINKING IN SOME 4820 03:20:20,080 --> 03:20:20,920 POPULATIONS, COLLEGE AGE WOMEN. 4821 03:20:20,920 --> 03:20:26,440 I WISH THERE WAS A WAY WE COULD 4822 03:20:26,440 --> 03:20:27,440 BETTER ACCESS THE NON-COLLEGE 4823 03:20:27,440 --> 03:20:27,720 GROUP. 4824 03:20:27,720 --> 03:20:30,520 I MEAN, WE DO HAVE A NOSI OUT ON 4825 03:20:30,520 --> 03:20:33,560 THAT, DON'T WE, RAY? 4826 03:20:33,560 --> 03:20:34,840 I THINK WE DO. 4827 03:20:34,840 --> 03:20:35,200 >> RALPH. 4828 03:20:35,200 --> 03:20:37,520 >> RALPH, WHERE IS HE? 4829 03:20:37,520 --> 03:20:39,280 WE HAVE A NOSI OUT ON THAT, 4830 03:20:39,280 --> 03:20:39,920 DON'T WE? 4831 03:20:39,920 --> 03:20:43,400 YEAH. 4832 03:20:43,400 --> 03:20:44,600 LAURA O'DELL, ANY THOUGHTS. 4833 03:20:44,600 --> 03:20:48,040 >> YEAH, I LIKED THIS LAST 4834 03:20:48,040 --> 03:20:52,280 VIDEO, MADE ME WONDER HOW WE 4835 03:20:52,280 --> 03:20:52,960 CONNECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES 4836 03:20:52,960 --> 03:20:54,040 WITH OPPORTUNITIES LIKE THIS. 4837 03:20:54,040 --> 03:20:55,800 I JUST WANT TO SAY THAT I REALLY 4838 03:20:55,800 --> 03:20:57,440 ENJOYED IT AND LEARNED ABOUT IT 4839 03:20:57,440 --> 03:20:59,280 AND WILL SHARE IT WITH OTHERS 4840 03:20:59,280 --> 03:21:02,360 BUT I WONDER IF WE'RE DOING 4841 03:21:02,360 --> 03:21:04,320 THAT IN A FORMAL WAY? 4842 03:21:04,320 --> 03:21:06,400 >> IT MIGHT BE NICE OF FRIENDS 4843 03:21:06,400 --> 03:21:10,240 OF NIAAA COULD ACCUMULATE SOME 4844 03:21:10,240 --> 03:21:15,400 OF THE -- A LISTING OF ALL THESE 4845 03:21:15,400 --> 03:21:17,800 NON-PROFITS ININVOLVED IN 4846 03:21:17,800 --> 03:21:19,200 TRANSLATION, SO TO SPEAK, OR -- 4847 03:21:19,200 --> 03:21:23,840 AND OUR SCIENCE POLICY BRANCH. 4848 03:21:23,840 --> 03:21:25,800 MAYBE LAURA LEONARDY WILL WORK 4849 03:21:25,800 --> 03:21:27,240 WITH FRIENDS OF NIAAA, MAYBE 4850 03:21:27,240 --> 03:21:30,080 THERE WE CAN MAKE CONNECTIONS, I 4851 03:21:30,080 --> 03:21:33,240 TAKE YOUR POINT. 4852 03:21:33,240 --> 03:21:35,520 I IGNORED POOR DAVID AGAIN. 4853 03:21:35,520 --> 03:21:36,160 ANY THOUGHTS? 4854 03:21:36,160 --> 03:21:36,600 >> NO, JUST -- 4855 03:21:36,600 --> 03:21:39,720 >> IS THERE TOO MANY DAVIDS. 4856 03:21:39,720 --> 03:21:42,840 >> IT WAS CONFUSION WITH THE 4857 03:21:42,840 --> 03:21:44,520 LUNCH. 4858 03:21:44,520 --> 03:21:46,600 NO, I JUST SENT OFF THE SOBER 4859 03:21:46,600 --> 03:21:49,800 LIVER TO THE HEPATOLOGIST THAT I 4860 03:21:49,800 --> 03:21:51,960 KNOW AT IU, AND I THINK THE 4861 03:21:51,960 --> 03:21:54,920 MISSING GAP IS HOW YOU MAKE THE 4862 03:21:54,920 --> 03:21:55,960 PHYSICIANS' OFFICES AWARE AND 4863 03:21:55,960 --> 03:21:59,840 HAVE MATERIAL THAT THEY CAN 4864 03:21:59,840 --> 03:22:00,640 PROVIDE TO PATIENTS. 4865 03:22:00,640 --> 03:22:04,920 >> KATIE, ANY FURTHER THOUGHTS? 4866 03:22:04,920 --> 03:22:06,840 >> I JUST WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE 4867 03:22:06,840 --> 03:22:08,840 THE GREAT WORK BUT ALSO I WANT 4868 03:22:08,840 --> 03:22:11,400 TO CONTINUE TO SAY WE HAVE TO 4869 03:22:11,400 --> 03:22:13,680 KEEP FIGHTING STIGMA AND SO I 4870 03:22:13,680 --> 03:22:15,080 THINK WE'RE DOING A GOOD JOB OF 4871 03:22:15,080 --> 03:22:17,920 THAT BUT WE NEED TO DO IT MORE 4872 03:22:17,920 --> 03:22:20,560 AND SO ANYTHING THAT NIAAA CAN 4873 03:22:20,560 --> 03:22:22,280 DO TO CONTINUE TO COMBAT STIGMA 4874 03:22:22,280 --> 03:22:25,400 AND THE WORDS WE USE AND HOW WE 4875 03:22:25,400 --> 03:22:28,080 TALK ABOUT PEOPLE WITH 4876 03:22:28,080 --> 03:22:29,000 EXPERIENCES OF ALCOHOL-RELATED 4877 03:22:29,000 --> 03:22:30,480 HARM IS REALLY IMPORTANT. 4878 03:22:30,480 --> 03:22:33,120 I WANT TO GIVE A FINAL PLUG FOR 4879 03:22:33,120 --> 03:22:33,320 THAT. 4880 03:22:33,320 --> 03:22:34,120 >> YEAH. 4881 03:22:34,120 --> 03:22:36,200 I MEAN, I HAVE TO SAY THAT IT 4882 03:22:36,200 --> 03:22:37,000 CAN BE CHALLENGING AT TIMES 4883 03:22:37,000 --> 03:22:38,600 BECAUSE WHEN YOU START USING 4884 03:22:38,600 --> 03:22:40,960 SOME OLD SLIDES YOU HAVE TO 4885 03:22:40,960 --> 03:22:42,640 PURGE THEM AND, YOU KNOW, WE'VE 4886 03:22:42,640 --> 03:22:45,360 BEEN TRYING VERY HARD TO PURGE 4887 03:22:45,360 --> 03:22:46,920 ALL OF MY SLIDES. 4888 03:22:46,920 --> 03:22:49,760 BUT THEN YOU GET THE PROOFS OF 4889 03:22:49,760 --> 03:22:50,640 THE MANUSCRIPT YOU WROTE FOR 4890 03:22:50,640 --> 03:22:52,160 SOME BOOK FIVE YEARS AGO AND 4891 03:22:52,160 --> 03:22:54,160 THEY COME THROUGH AND YOU HAVE 4892 03:22:54,160 --> 03:22:56,120 TO REALLY PUT A LOT OF ENERGY 4893 03:22:56,120 --> 03:22:58,280 INTO CHANGING THE WORDING. 4894 03:22:58,280 --> 03:23:04,040 SO I HEAR YOU. 4895 03:23:04,040 --> 03:23:05,560 CHUCK, ANY FINAL THOUGHTS? 4896 03:23:05,560 --> 03:23:05,760 BETH? 4897 03:23:05,760 --> 03:23:06,880 >> I'D LIKE TO SAY I'M ON THE 4898 03:23:06,880 --> 03:23:07,520 OTHER SIDE. 4899 03:23:07,520 --> 03:23:09,360 I'M ON THE FRONT LINES. 4900 03:23:09,360 --> 03:23:13,960 I'M DEALING WITH PATIENTS EVERY 4901 03:23:13,960 --> 03:23:16,920 DAY, AND THE RESEARCH IS MIND 4902 03:23:16,920 --> 03:23:18,520 BLOWING FOR ME AND GIVES ME HOPE 4903 03:23:18,520 --> 03:23:19,960 AND I'M ALWAYS TRYING TO 4904 03:23:19,960 --> 03:23:22,360 TRANSLATE TO THE PATIENTS I'M 4905 03:23:22,360 --> 03:23:25,640 WORKING WITH, YOU KNOW, 4906 03:23:25,640 --> 03:23:27,200 ESPECIALLY THE SLEEP 4907 03:23:27,200 --> 03:23:28,080 DISTURBANCE, EXPLAINING WHAT'S 4908 03:23:28,080 --> 03:23:30,240 HAPPENING AND GIVING PEOPLE THE 4909 03:23:30,240 --> 03:23:32,680 TOOLS TO GET THROUGH THOSE HARD 4910 03:23:32,680 --> 03:23:34,880 TIMES WHERE THEY ARE VULNERABLE 4911 03:23:34,880 --> 03:23:35,200 TO RELAPSE. 4912 03:23:35,200 --> 03:23:38,640 I'D ALSO SAY THE SOBER LIVER 4913 03:23:38,640 --> 03:23:39,480 SURVIVAL SO IMPORTANT IN 4914 03:23:39,480 --> 03:23:40,680 TREATMENT CENTERS BECAUSE WHAT 4915 03:23:40,680 --> 03:23:43,440 HAPPENS IN TREATMENT CENTERS AND 4916 03:23:43,440 --> 03:23:43,960 OUTPATIENT PROGRAMS WHEN 4917 03:23:43,960 --> 03:23:47,360 SOMEBODY MAY BE ON THE 4918 03:23:47,360 --> 03:23:48,920 TRANSPLANT LIST, THEY DRINK, 4919 03:23:48,920 --> 03:23:50,000 THEY ARE OUT. 4920 03:23:50,000 --> 03:23:51,880 AND THEY ARE SO ALONE. 4921 03:23:51,880 --> 03:23:53,840 AND SO, YOU KNOW, JUST BEING 4922 03:23:53,840 --> 03:23:56,160 ABLE TO GET THIS INFORMATION OUT 4923 03:23:56,160 --> 03:23:57,760 AND, YOU KNOW, TALKING TO RAY 4924 03:23:57,760 --> 03:24:00,320 EARLIER, WHATEVER I CAN DO ON 4925 03:24:00,320 --> 03:24:02,280 THE TREATMENT END TO JUST KEEP 4926 03:24:02,280 --> 03:24:04,800 TRANSLATING THE SCIENCE, GET IT 4927 03:24:04,800 --> 03:24:06,000 OUT THERE, EVERY PRESENTATION, 4928 03:24:06,000 --> 03:24:08,920 GET THE RESOURCES OUT THERE AND 4929 03:24:08,920 --> 03:24:09,840 HELP PEOPLE UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 4930 03:24:09,840 --> 03:24:11,040 REALLY AT STAKE. 4931 03:24:11,040 --> 03:24:16,600 SO I THANK ALL OF YOU. 4932 03:24:16,600 --> 03:24:19,080 4933 03:24:19,080 --> 03:24:19,800 4934 03:24:19,800 --> 03:24:20,320 >> OKAY. 4935 03:24:20,320 --> 03:24:21,720 SO I THINK UNLESS THERE ARE ANY 4936 03:24:21,720 --> 03:24:23,720 OTHER COMMENTS OR THOUGHTS, I DO 4937 03:24:23,720 --> 03:24:25,560 APPRECIATE ALL OF YOUR THOUGHTS. 4938 03:24:25,560 --> 03:24:27,000 I'M GOING TO MENTION SOME TO 4939 03:24:27,000 --> 03:24:27,960 YOU, BETH, AFTERWARDS ABOUT 4940 03:24:27,960 --> 03:24:31,920 EXACTLY WHAT YOU WERE TALKING 4941 03:24:31,920 --> 03:24:32,120 ABOUT. 4942 03:24:32,120 --> 03:24:34,760 SO I THINK IT'S BEEN A GREAT 4943 03:24:34,760 --> 03:24:35,000 COUNCIL. 4944 03:24:35,000 --> 03:24:36,040 I DO APPRECIATE YOUR 4945 03:24:36,040 --> 03:24:36,840 INTERACTIONS THIS TIME. 4946 03:24:36,840 --> 03:24:39,440 YOU HAD A LOT OF QUESTIONS FOR 4947 03:24:39,440 --> 03:24:41,800 THE SPEAKERS AND CONCEPT 4948 03:24:41,800 --> 03:24:42,560 CLEARANCES, AND CLARIFICATIONS 4949 03:24:42,560 --> 03:24:44,240 AND THAT'S WHAT WE WANT YOU TO 4950 03:24:44,240 --> 03:24:44,440 DO. 4951 03:24:44,440 --> 03:24:48,680 I WANT TO URGE YOU IF YOU SEE A 4952 03:24:48,680 --> 03:24:51,400 GRANT COMING THROUGH THAT YOU 4953 03:24:51,400 --> 03:24:53,720 THINK IS REALLY HOT POTATOES AND 4954 03:24:53,720 --> 03:24:56,120 REALLY SOMETHING WE SHOULD PAY 4955 03:24:56,120 --> 03:24:58,840 ATTENTION TO, PLEASE LET US KNOW 4956 03:24:58,840 --> 03:25:01,560 BECAUSE AS WE LISTEN TO YOUR 4957 03:25:01,560 --> 03:25:03,560 ADVICE, SAME IF YOU THINK IT'S 4958 03:25:03,560 --> 03:25:04,520 REALLY OF LOW PRIORITY FOR A 4959 03:25:04,520 --> 03:25:06,480 NUMBER OF REASONS WE'D LIKE TO 4960 03:25:06,480 --> 03:25:07,400 KNOW THAT. 4961 03:25:07,400 --> 03:25:11,600 WE HE DON'T WANT -- WE DON'T 4962 03:25:11,600 --> 03:25:12,560 WANT TO FUND THINGS IN THE WRONG 4963 03:25:12,560 --> 03:25:13,800 DIRECTION IN THE SENSE OF 4964 03:25:13,800 --> 03:25:14,480 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN WHERE THEY 4965 03:25:14,480 --> 03:25:17,840 HAVE TO DO PATCHES ON 4966 03:25:17,840 --> 03:25:18,640 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN SO, YOU 4967 03:25:18,640 --> 03:25:20,720 KNOW, THINK ABOUT IT IN THOSE 4968 03:25:20,720 --> 03:25:21,200 TERMS. 4969 03:25:21,200 --> 03:25:24,080 DON'T GET CARRIED AWAY. 4970 03:25:24,080 --> 03:25:26,280 WE DON'T NEED 300 HOT POTATOES 4971 03:25:26,280 --> 03:25:31,680 AND DON'T NEED 300 LOW 4972 03:25:31,680 --> 03:25:34,400 PRIORITIES, BUT, YOU KNOW, THINK 4973 03:25:34,400 --> 03:25:35,600 ABOUT IT HARD BECAUSE 4974 03:25:35,600 --> 03:25:37,240 SOMETIMES -- I REMEMBER WHEN I 4975 03:25:37,240 --> 03:25:39,200 SERVED ON COUNCILS THERE WOULD 4976 03:25:39,200 --> 03:25:40,200 BE SOMETHING COME THROUGH, BACK 4977 03:25:40,200 --> 03:25:43,840 THEN FOR ME IT WAS 4978 03:25:43,840 --> 03:25:45,800 ENDOCANNABINOIDS, HARDLY ANY 4979 03:25:45,800 --> 03:25:48,480 WORK ON ENDOCANNABINOIDS. 4980 03:25:48,480 --> 03:25:49,640 I REMEMBER FLAGGING THOSE 4981 03:25:49,640 --> 03:25:49,880 GRANTS. 4982 03:25:49,880 --> 03:25:52,160 STILL TO THIS DAY I FEEL LIKE I 4983 03:25:52,160 --> 03:25:59,920 HAD A SMALL IMPACT IN GETTING 4984 03:25:59,920 --> 03:26:00,920 NIDA AND NIAAA INTERESTED BEFORE 4985 03:26:00,920 --> 03:26:02,000 ANYBODY COULD EVEN SPELL IT. 4986 03:26:02,000 --> 03:26:07,480 NOT SURE I CAN SPELL IT. 4987 03:26:07,480 --> 03:26:08,680 TWO Ns IN CANNABINOIDS, ALL 4988 03:26:08,680 --> 03:26:08,960 RIGHT. 4989 03:26:08,960 --> 03:26:12,280 SAFE TRIP BACK TO WHEREVER 4990 03:26:12,280 --> 03:26:15,680 YOU'RE GOING, AND WE'LL SEE YOU 4991 03:26:15,680 --> 03:26:16,000 NEXT TIME. 4992 03:26:16,000 --> 00:00:00,000 IN FEBRUARY.