1 00:00:05,120 --> 00:00:08,920 I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME EVERYONE 2 00:00:08,920 --> 00:00:12,880 TO THE 1673rd MEETING OF THE 3 00:00:12,880 --> 00:00:13,480 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL 4 00:00:13,480 --> 00:00:14,080 ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM COUNCIL. 5 00:00:14,080 --> 00:00:19,680 I'M GOING TO CALL ON EACH OF OUR 6 00:00:19,680 --> 00:00:21,120 COUNCIL MEMBERS AND NIAA SENIOR 7 00:00:21,120 --> 00:00:21,320 STAFF. 8 00:00:21,320 --> 00:00:26,000 IF YOU COULD JUST SAY YOUR NAME 9 00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:27,760 AND WHERE YOU'RE FROM AND IF YOU 10 00:00:27,760 --> 00:00:28,720 WANT TO MENTION YOUR EXPERTISE 11 00:00:28,720 --> 00:00:32,960 THAT'S FINE TOO. 12 00:00:32,960 --> 00:00:35,800 SO I'M GOING TO START, NANCY, AS 13 00:00:35,800 --> 00:00:40,600 ALWAYS YOU'RE FIRST BECAUSE YOUR 14 00:00:40,600 --> 00:00:43,920 NAME STARTS WITH B SO NANCY 15 00:00:43,920 --> 00:00:44,120 BARNETT. 16 00:00:44,120 --> 00:00:46,120 >>NANCY BARNETT, BROWN 17 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:47,760 UNIVERSITY I STUDY ALCOHOL AUSE 18 00:00:47,760 --> 00:00:49,360 IN YOUNG ADULTS AND COLLEGE 19 00:00:49,360 --> 00:00:51,960 STUDENTS AND PARTICULARLY 20 00:00:51,960 --> 00:00:54,280 INTERESTED IN PEER INFLUENCES. 21 00:00:54,280 --> 00:01:00,520 I ALSO STUDY ALCOHOL BIO 22 00:01:00,520 --> 00:01:00,760 SENSORS. 23 00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:04,560 >>DR. CHRISTOPHER CARPENTER. 24 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:06,120 >>I'M AN ECONOMIST AT 25 00:01:06,120 --> 00:01:09,160 VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY AND I 26 00:01:09,160 --> 00:01:13,280 STUDY YOUTH, PUBLIC POLICY AND 27 00:01:13,280 --> 00:01:15,640 GENDER AND SEXUAL MINORITIES. 28 00:01:15,640 --> 00:01:18,760 >>DR. CHRISTINA CHAMBERS. 29 00:01:18,760 --> 00:01:22,680 >>I'M A PERINATAL 30 00:01:22,680 --> 00:01:23,960 EPIDEMIOLOGIST AT THE DEPARTMENT 31 00:01:23,960 --> 00:01:25,960 OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO AND 32 00:01:25,960 --> 00:01:28,400 STUDY PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO 33 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:28,760 ALCOHOL. 34 00:01:28,760 --> 00:01:39,280 >>DR. WESTLY CLARK. 35 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:40,880 >>I'M AN ATTORNEY AND 36 00:01:40,880 --> 00:01:42,760 INTERESTED IN ALCOHOL POLICY. 37 00:01:42,760 --> 00:01:47,920 >>DID YOU SAY NANCY IS NOT ON? 38 00:01:47,920 --> 00:01:48,120 OKAY. 39 00:01:48,120 --> 00:01:55,280 WE'LL SKIP TO DR. RHONDA 40 00:01:55,280 --> 00:01:55,560 JONES-WEBB. 41 00:01:55,560 --> 00:02:01,920 >>SHE'S NOT ON VIRTUALLY? 42 00:02:01,920 --> 00:02:02,120 OKAY. 43 00:02:02,120 --> 00:02:12,520 MS. BETH KING DAVIDSON. 44 00:02:13,360 --> 00:02:17,880 -- BETH KANE-DAVIDSON. 45 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:19,080 >>HELLO. 46 00:02:19,080 --> 00:02:23,800 >>I'M MONITORING MY COUNCIL 47 00:02:23,800 --> 00:02:24,760 MEETING OVER HERE. 48 00:02:24,760 --> 00:02:26,120 >>MICHAEL, I THINK YOU NEED TO 49 00:02:26,120 --> 00:02:27,920 MUTE. 50 00:02:27,920 --> 00:02:32,400 >>MICHAEL, I'VE GOT YOU. 51 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:34,720 >>HI, EVERYBODY I'M BETH 52 00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:37,120 KANE-DAVIDSON A CLINICIAN IN 53 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:38,040 PRIVATE PRACTICE AND SPECIALIZE 54 00:02:38,040 --> 00:02:39,320 IN SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS FOR 55 00:02:39,320 --> 00:02:41,760 TEENS AND ADULTS AND ALSO HAVE A 56 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:43,760 REAL INTEREST IN PREVENTION BOTH 57 00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:45,640 AT MIDDLE, HIGH SCHOOL AND 58 00:02:45,640 --> 00:02:49,200 COLLEGE LEVEL. 59 00:02:49,200 --> 00:02:53,080 >>THANKS, BETH. 60 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:56,600 DR. DAVID CARINGTON. 61 00:02:56,600 --> 00:02:59,480 >>I'M THE DIRECTOR OF THE 62 00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:01,280 ALCOHOL RESEARCH CENTER AND MY 63 00:03:01,280 --> 00:03:03,800 OWN SPECIALTY IS HUMAN 64 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:06,840 NEUROIMAGING AND DOMAINS OF 65 00:03:06,840 --> 00:03:07,440 REWARD SYSTEMS AND EXECUTIVE 66 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:12,240 SYSTEMS. 67 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:13,240 >>THANK YOU, DAVID. 68 00:03:13,240 --> 00:03:19,560 DR. CHARLES LANG. 69 00:03:19,560 --> 00:03:22,920 >>HI, EVERYONE. 70 00:03:22,920 --> 00:03:25,880 CHUCK LANG INTERESTED IN ALCOHOL 71 00:03:25,880 --> 00:03:29,960 INDUCED CHANGES IN CARDIAC AN 72 00:03:29,960 --> 00:03:30,680 SKELETAL MUSCLE. 73 00:03:30,680 --> 00:03:36,240 >>THANKS, CHUCK. 74 00:03:36,240 --> 00:03:39,160 THEN DR. DR. LARIMER. 75 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:41,200 >>I'M A PROFESSOR OF PSYCHIATRY 76 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:43,200 AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND 77 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:45,080 PSYCHOLOGY DIRECTOR OF THE STUDY 78 00:03:45,080 --> 00:03:47,160 FOR BEHAVIORS AT THE UNIVERSITY 79 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:49,880 OF WASHINGTON AND I STUDY 80 00:03:49,880 --> 00:03:50,440 ETIOLOGY, PREVENTION AND 81 00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:52,400 TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL MISUSE AND 82 00:03:52,400 --> 00:03:53,520 ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS PRIMARILY 83 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:56,200 IN YOUNG ADULTS. 84 00:03:56,200 --> 00:03:58,600 >>THANKS, MARY. 85 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:00,840 DR. MICHAEL LEWIS. 86 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:04,920 >>I'M PROFESSOR OF PSYCHOLOGY 87 00:04:04,920 --> 00:04:06,520 AT CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK 88 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:07,400 HUNTER COLLEGE. 89 00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:11,360 I'M A BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENTIST 90 00:04:11,360 --> 00:04:12,280 AND INTERESTED IN ALCOHOL'S 91 00:04:12,280 --> 00:04:16,440 NEUROMECHANISMS AND NUTRITION. 92 00:04:16,440 --> 00:04:19,120 >>THANKS, MICHAEL. 93 00:04:19,120 --> 00:04:22,040 DR. LAURA NAGY. 94 00:04:22,040 --> 00:04:24,960 >>HI, I'M AT THE CLEVELAND 95 00:04:24,960 --> 00:04:28,240 CLINIC AND I'M INTERESTED IN HOW 96 00:04:28,240 --> 00:04:33,480 INNATE IMMUNE ACTIVITY AFFECTS 97 00:04:33,480 --> 00:04:34,680 ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE. 98 00:04:34,680 --> 00:04:38,720 >>THANK YOU, DR. LAURA O'DELL 99 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:39,680 ARE YOU ON YET? 100 00:04:39,680 --> 00:04:41,840 NOT YET. 101 00:04:41,840 --> 00:04:42,720 OKAY. 102 00:04:42,720 --> 00:04:44,000 DR. KATIE WITKIEWITZ. 103 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:45,160 >>HI, EVERYONE. 104 00:04:45,160 --> 00:04:46,920 I'M A PROFESSOR OF PSYCHOLOGY IN 105 00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:49,480 THE AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE 106 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:56,040 CENTER OF ALCOHOL SUBSTANCE USE 107 00:04:56,040 --> 00:04:57,960 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO 108 00:04:57,960 --> 00:05:00,120 AND YOU'LL HEAR ABOUT MY 109 00:05:00,120 --> 00:05:03,440 RESEARCH AND I'M ALSO A CLINICAL 110 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:03,760 PSYCHOLOGIST. 111 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:05,960 >>DR. CHARLES MILLIKEN. 112 00:05:05,960 --> 00:05:08,120 >>HI, THIS IS CHUCK MILLIKEN. 113 00:05:08,120 --> 00:05:09,880 I DON'T KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN SEE 114 00:05:09,880 --> 00:05:11,360 ME OR NOT. 115 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:14,200 >>YOU'RE GOOD. 116 00:05:14,200 --> 00:05:14,760 >>OKAY. 117 00:05:14,760 --> 00:05:20,960 I'M THE DIRECTOR THEIR ARMY'S 118 00:05:20,960 --> 00:05:22,640 SUBSTANCE USE TREATMENT AND WE 119 00:05:22,640 --> 00:05:27,320 HAVE DRUG DETERRENT TESTING AND 120 00:05:27,320 --> 00:05:29,720 PRIMARILY ALCOHOL AND IT SKEWS 121 00:05:29,720 --> 00:05:34,760 TOWARDS THE YOUNG MALES 122 00:05:34,760 --> 00:05:39,880 PARTICULARLY AND I'M AN 123 00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:50,280 ADDICTION PSYCHIATRIST. 124 00:05:55,400 --> 00:05:57,600 >>I'M THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF 125 00:05:57,600 --> 00:05:59,320 NIAA AND DECIDED NOT TO SHARE MY 126 00:05:59,320 --> 00:06:08,040 GERMS WITH YOU TODAY. 127 00:06:08,040 --> 00:06:09,840 >>VICKY BUCKLEY. 128 00:06:09,840 --> 00:06:12,320 >>I'M THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF 129 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:13,920 NIAA AND ALSO DEPUTY ETHICS 130 00:06:13,920 --> 00:06:14,160 COUNSELOR. 131 00:06:14,160 --> 00:06:19,560 THANK YOU. 132 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:20,960 >>DR. CATHY YOUNG. 133 00:06:20,960 --> 00:06:23,600 >>I'M CATHY YOUNG THE DIRECTOR 134 00:06:23,600 --> 00:06:25,120 OF THE DIVISION OF METABOLISM 135 00:06:25,120 --> 00:06:27,840 AND HEALTH EFFECTS HERE AT NIAA. 136 00:06:27,840 --> 00:06:33,560 >>DR. ANTONIO NEURONA. 137 00:06:33,560 --> 00:06:36,240 >>I'M THE DIRECTOR OF THE 138 00:06:36,240 --> 00:06:41,640 DIVISION OF NEUROSCIENCE AND 139 00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:41,880 BEHAVIOR. 140 00:06:41,880 --> 00:06:44,560 >>DR. RAY LITTON. 141 00:06:44,560 --> 00:06:46,280 >>I'M WITH THE DIVISION OF 142 00:06:46,280 --> 00:06:52,840 TREATMENT AND RECOVERY AT NIAA. 143 00:06:52,840 --> 00:06:54,480 I'M WITH THE DIVISION OF 144 00:06:54,480 --> 00:07:00,080 DISEASES. 145 00:07:00,080 --> 00:07:10,480 >>I'M [INDISCERNIBLE]. 146 00:07:16,360 --> 00:07:17,440 >>THE SOUND ONLINE IS NOT 147 00:07:17,440 --> 00:07:20,920 COMING THROUGH WELL. 148 00:07:20,920 --> 00:07:21,600 >>OKAY. 149 00:07:21,600 --> 00:07:25,520 IS IT BETTER NOW? 150 00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:26,920 >>YES, THANKS. 151 00:07:26,920 --> 00:07:28,880 >>IT'S GOOD NOW WE WERE GETTING 152 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:30,560 AN ECHO BACK LIKE A RECORDING OF 153 00:07:30,560 --> 00:07:32,960 THE THREE PEOPLE WHO HAD JUST 154 00:07:32,960 --> 00:07:33,360 SPOKEN. 155 00:07:33,360 --> 00:07:34,720 >>MAYBE IT WILL DO THAT WHEN I 156 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:34,920 TALK. 157 00:07:34,920 --> 00:07:37,880 THAT WILL BE NICE. 158 00:07:37,880 --> 00:07:39,840 >>IS ANYONE IS MONITORING ON 159 00:07:39,840 --> 00:07:43,240 VIDEOCAST PLEASE TURN THAT OFF. 160 00:07:43,240 --> 00:07:44,400 IF YOU'RE IN THE PRIVATE ROOM AS 161 00:07:44,400 --> 00:07:47,720 WELL BECAUSE THERE IS A LAG 162 00:07:47,720 --> 00:07:48,720 BETWEEN THE TWO. 163 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:51,440 I SUSPECT THAT'S WHAT THAT WAS. 164 00:07:51,440 --> 00:07:53,680 >>ALL RIGHT. 165 00:07:53,680 --> 00:07:57,320 DR. RALPH KINGSTON YOU'RE ONLINE 166 00:07:57,320 --> 00:08:07,480 I KNOW. 167 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:15,840 >>HE'S THE DIRECTOR OF OUR 168 00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:16,440 DIVISION OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND 169 00:08:16,440 --> 00:08:20,040 PREVENTION RESEARCH. 170 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:21,960 DR. SIMMONS IS SITTING NEXT TO 171 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:25,960 ME BECAUSE SHE'S KEEPING ME 172 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:27,880 HONEST SINCE TRISH ISN'T HERE. 173 00:08:27,880 --> 00:08:29,680 >>I'M THE DIRECTOR OF THE 174 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:31,800 OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY AND 175 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:33,520 COMMUNICATIONS AT NIAA AND ALSO 176 00:08:33,520 --> 00:08:34,160 THE ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR FOR BASIC 177 00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:42,000 RESEARCH. 178 00:08:42,000 --> 00:08:45,480 >>THANKS, BRIDGET. 179 00:08:45,480 --> 00:08:45,920 LAURA. 180 00:08:45,920 --> 00:08:48,480 >>I'M LAURA O'DELL A PROFESSOR 181 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:49,960 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL 182 00:08:49,960 --> 00:08:50,160 PASO. 183 00:08:50,160 --> 00:09:00,480 I'M GLAD TO BE HERE. 184 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:05,720 >>DR. DAVID LEVINGER. 185 00:09:05,720 --> 00:09:10,320 >>I'M WITH THE DIVISION OF 186 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:14,680 INTRAMURAL AND BIOLOGICAL 187 00:09:14,680 --> 00:09:14,960 RESEARCH. 188 00:09:14,960 --> 00:09:25,320 >>DR. DAVID GOLDMAN. 189 00:09:26,640 --> 00:09:29,600 ARE YOU ON? 190 00:09:29,600 --> 00:09:29,760 >> 191 00:09:29,760 --> 00:09:31,160 >>DR. PHILIPPE. 192 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:35,280 >>I'M WITH NIAA. 193 00:09:35,280 --> 00:09:38,320 >>AND DR. RV SRINIVAS. 194 00:09:38,320 --> 00:09:41,600 >>I'M THE ACTING EXECUTIVE 195 00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:45,600 SECRETARY FOR NCAA AND CHIEF OF 196 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:47,800 THE BRANCH. 197 00:09:47,800 --> 00:09:54,000 >>WE'RE GOING LAUNCH INTO MY 198 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:57,840 DIRECTOR'S REPORT AND THEN WE 199 00:09:57,840 --> 00:09:59,440 HAVE A COUNCIL DISCUSSION IF I 200 00:09:59,440 --> 00:10:03,840 LEAVE ENOUGH AND THEN WE WILL 201 00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:14,360 TAKE A BREAK OR LUNCH I GUESS. 202 00:10:19,760 --> 00:10:20,560 WELCOME EVERYONE. 203 00:10:20,560 --> 00:10:22,040 THIS IS A HYBRID MEETING. 204 00:10:22,040 --> 00:10:24,240 WE'RE DOING PRETTY WELL. 205 00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:26,840 WE'LL BE GETTING MORE KINKS OUT 206 00:10:26,840 --> 00:10:29,440 AS WE GO ALONG WITH THE HYBRID 207 00:10:29,440 --> 00:10:29,840 ENDEAVORS. 208 00:10:29,840 --> 00:10:33,720 I WANT TO REMIND YOU WE HAVE 209 00:10:33,720 --> 00:10:36,680 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ON 210 00:10:36,680 --> 00:10:40,880 ADDICTIONS AT NIH MEETING 211 00:10:40,880 --> 00:10:44,560 TOMORROW WHICH WILL INVOLVE THE 212 00:10:44,560 --> 00:10:48,560 HOST SO IN THE SAME ROOM AND 213 00:10:48,560 --> 00:10:50,560 NIDA WILL BE JOINING US. 214 00:10:50,560 --> 00:10:55,160 SO I'M GOING TO START MY 215 00:10:55,160 --> 00:10:56,240 PRESENTATION WITH A GREAT DEAL 216 00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:58,320 OF SADNESS BECAUSE WE LOST THREE 217 00:10:58,320 --> 00:11:00,000 PROMINENT MEMBERS OF OUR 218 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:00,280 COMMUNITY. 219 00:11:00,280 --> 00:11:05,840 ALL OF WHOM I KNEW AND 220 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:06,480 INTERACTED WITH. 221 00:11:06,480 --> 00:11:10,160 GEORGE FEIN WAS A LONG-TERM 222 00:11:10,160 --> 00:11:12,560 FACULTY MEMBER AT THE UNIVERSITY 223 00:11:12,560 --> 00:11:14,920 OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO AND 224 00:11:14,920 --> 00:11:16,280 THE SAN FRANCISCO V.A. MEDICAL 225 00:11:16,280 --> 00:11:16,680 CENTER. 226 00:11:16,680 --> 00:11:19,080 FOLLOWING HIS CAREER IN ACADEMIC 227 00:11:19,080 --> 00:11:21,280 MEDICINE HE FOUNDED THE NEURO 228 00:11:21,280 --> 00:11:24,400 BIOLOGY RESEARCH INCORPORATED 229 00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:26,080 AND SERVED AS THE PRESIDENT AND 230 00:11:26,080 --> 00:11:28,360 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. 231 00:11:28,360 --> 00:11:31,000 HE WAS RENOWN AS AN INNOVATIVE 232 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:34,040 RESEARCHER AND ADVANCED OUR 233 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:38,440 UNDERSTAND OF THE IMPACTS OF 234 00:11:38,440 --> 00:11:40,880 AGING AND ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 235 00:11:40,880 --> 00:11:43,720 AND BRAIN FUNCTION AND MADE THE 236 00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:45,200 FINDING THAT TREATMENT FOR 237 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:47,160 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER ARE 238 00:11:47,160 --> 00:11:51,720 ASSOCIATED WITH THE COMPENSATORY 239 00:11:51,720 --> 00:11:53,520 NETWORK IN THE BRAIN AND WAS AN 240 00:11:53,520 --> 00:11:55,560 OUTSTANDING SCIENTIST AND 241 00:11:55,560 --> 00:11:56,680 ESTEEMED COLLEAGUE AND MENTOR 242 00:11:56,680 --> 00:12:06,800 AND WILL BE SORELY MISSED. 243 00:12:06,800 --> 00:12:11,680 DR. JOHN LITTLETON PASSED AS 244 00:12:11,680 --> 00:12:13,080 WELL AND RECEIVED HIS TRAINING 245 00:12:13,080 --> 00:12:16,280 AT KINGS COLLEGE IN ENGLAND AND 246 00:12:16,280 --> 00:12:18,560 MOVED KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY WHERE 247 00:12:18,560 --> 00:12:25,960 HE SPENT THE REST OF HIS CAREER 248 00:12:25,960 --> 00:12:29,600 AND CONTRIBUTED TO THE 249 00:12:29,600 --> 00:12:30,600 ALCOHOL-NICOTINE INTERACTIONS 250 00:12:30,600 --> 00:12:33,800 AND USE OF MAMMALIAN MODEL TO 251 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:37,000 STUDY ALCOHOL AFFECTS. 252 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:40,080 THIS WORK WITH HIGH THROUGHPUT 253 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:41,360 PHARMACOLOGIC SCREENING LED TO 254 00:12:41,360 --> 00:12:44,040 THE IDENTIFICATION OF SEVERAL 255 00:12:44,040 --> 00:12:45,960 COMPOUNDS THAT DEMONSTRATED 256 00:12:45,960 --> 00:12:50,360 PRECLINIC EFFICACY ON THE EFFECT 257 00:12:50,360 --> 00:12:55,400 ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 258 00:12:55,400 --> 00:13:03,040 AND EXPLORED THE ACTION OF 259 00:13:03,040 --> 00:13:08,200 ACAMPROSATE AND I WORKED WITH 260 00:13:08,200 --> 00:13:18,640 JOHN AND WAS A MENTOR FOR 261 00:13:21,040 --> 00:13:25,760 FACULTY AND WILL BE SORELY 262 00:13:25,760 --> 00:13:26,160 MISSED. 263 00:13:26,160 --> 00:13:30,240 AND EVEN MORE POIGNANT FOR ME IS 264 00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:34,400 THE PASSING OF ENOCH GORDIS THE 265 00:13:34,400 --> 00:13:36,440 FORMER DIRECTOR OF NIAA. 266 00:13:36,440 --> 00:13:41,000 SERVED AS THE DIRECTOR FROM 1986 267 00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:41,840 TO 2001. 268 00:13:41,840 --> 00:13:44,560 HE EMPHASIZED SCIENCE AS A WAY 269 00:13:44,560 --> 00:13:45,800 OF UNDERSTANDING ALCOHOL USE 270 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:46,440 DISORDER. 271 00:13:46,440 --> 00:13:48,440 HE TRAINED IN INTERNAL MEDICINE 272 00:13:48,440 --> 00:13:50,760 AND CONDUCTED RESEARCH IN THE 273 00:13:50,760 --> 00:13:55,160 LABORATORY OF DR. BERSON AND THE 274 00:13:55,160 --> 00:14:00,400 NOBEL LAUREATE DR. YALOW AT 275 00:14:00,400 --> 00:14:03,360 MOUNT SINAI IN NEW YORK AND 276 00:14:03,360 --> 00:14:04,800 WORKED WITH RESEARCH LABORATORY 277 00:14:04,800 --> 00:14:06,840 AT THE ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY 278 00:14:06,840 --> 00:14:11,360 WHERE HE BEGAN HIS CAREER AND 279 00:14:11,360 --> 00:14:14,400 STUDIED ADDICTION AND INTRODUCED 280 00:14:14,400 --> 00:14:17,720 METHADONE TO THE TREATMENT OF 281 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:18,160 OPIOID USE DISORDER. 282 00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:20,480 HE LATER WORKED WITH PSYCHIATRIC 283 00:14:20,480 --> 00:14:26,040 RESEARCHER DR. FOX WHO 284 00:14:26,040 --> 00:14:32,960 INTRODUCED DISULFRAM AND FOUND A 285 00:14:32,960 --> 00:14:34,280 NEW TREATMENT PROGRAM IN QUEENS, 286 00:14:34,280 --> 00:14:36,680 NEW YORK WHERE HE REMAINED THERE 287 00:14:36,680 --> 00:14:40,760 UNTIL HIS APPOINTMENT TO NIAA. 288 00:14:40,760 --> 00:14:43,280 AT NIAA DR. GORDIS IS REMEMBERED 289 00:14:43,280 --> 00:14:45,000 AS A VISIONARY LEADER. 290 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:49,200 HE OVERSAW THE LAUNCH OF SEVERAL 291 00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:50,000 INNOVATIVE RESEARCH INITIATIVES 292 00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:53,840 INCLUDING THE STUDY ON THE 293 00:14:53,840 --> 00:14:57,560 GENETICS OF ALCOHOLISM, THE 294 00:14:57,560 --> 00:14:59,280 LONGITUDINAL ALCOHOL 295 00:14:59,280 --> 00:15:01,960 EPIDEMIOLO 296 00:15:01,960 --> 00:15:03,960 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY AND 297 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:05,880 LOOKED AT THERAPIES AND 298 00:15:05,880 --> 00:15:08,520 INTERVENTIONS CLINICAL STUDY HIS 299 00:15:08,520 --> 00:15:11,320 LEADERSHIP EMBODIED HIS LOVE OF 300 00:15:11,320 --> 00:15:13,200 SCIENCE AND COMPASSION AS A 301 00:15:13,200 --> 00:15:16,240 CLINICIAN AND DEMEANOR AS A 302 00:15:16,240 --> 00:15:18,440 GENTLEMAN AND LEFT A LASTING 303 00:15:18,440 --> 00:15:22,560 IMPACT ON NIAA AND NIH AND THE 304 00:15:22,560 --> 00:15:23,400 ALCOHOL RESEARCH FIELD. 305 00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:28,240 WE SURVEYED A NUMBER OF 306 00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:29,560 COLLEAGUES AT NIAA. 307 00:15:29,560 --> 00:15:31,040 MANY OF WHOM WORKED WITH 308 00:15:31,040 --> 00:15:36,080 DR. GORDIS OR KNEW HIM LATER 309 00:15:36,080 --> 00:15:39,520 BECAUSE HE MAINTAINED A VERY 310 00:15:39,520 --> 00:15:43,520 ACTIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH NIAA 311 00:15:43,520 --> 00:15:47,960 AND CAME TO EVERY MENDELSON 312 00:15:47,960 --> 00:15:53,040 LECTURE BEFORE THE CLINIC AND 313 00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:59,480 ESTABLISHED THE GORDIS POSTER 314 00:15:59,480 --> 00:16:02,120 AWARD ON ALCOHOLISM THAT IS 315 00:16:02,120 --> 00:16:04,160 INCREDIBLY POPULAR AND A GREAT 316 00:16:04,160 --> 00:16:06,640 HONOR FOR YOUNG PEOPLE WHO WIN 317 00:16:06,640 --> 00:16:09,680 THE AWARD OR EVEN RUNNER UPS. 318 00:16:09,680 --> 00:16:10,880 SO WE CREATED THE STAFF AND 319 00:16:10,880 --> 00:16:13,920 ASKED THEM FOR REFLECTIONS ON 320 00:16:13,920 --> 00:16:16,120 ENOCH AND I'LL READ THROUGH 321 00:16:16,120 --> 00:16:17,440 THESE WITH YOU. 322 00:16:17,440 --> 00:16:21,280 HE SET A TONE OF COLLEGIALITY 323 00:16:21,280 --> 00:16:23,480 AND SHARED PURPOSE AND MADE NIH 324 00:16:23,480 --> 00:16:26,320 A PLACE TO FEEL RESPECTED AND 325 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:27,520 VALUED BEYOND THEIR ROLES IN THE 326 00:16:27,520 --> 00:16:28,920 WORKPLACE AND WAS A LEADER IN 327 00:16:28,920 --> 00:16:31,000 THE FIELD AND INSTRUMENTAL IN 328 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:33,480 CREATING A FAMILY ATMOSPHERE AT 329 00:16:33,480 --> 00:16:33,680 NIAA. 330 00:16:33,680 --> 00:16:38,640 HIS PASSING IS A GREAT LOSS AND 331 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:39,800 WAS A GREAT SOUL. 332 00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:41,080 SOMEONE WHO ALWAYS MADE YOU FEEL 333 00:16:41,080 --> 00:16:43,320 LIKE YOU WERE THE MOST IMPORTANT 334 00:16:43,320 --> 00:16:45,160 PERSON IN THE WORLD WHICH I CAN 335 00:16:45,160 --> 00:16:46,080 ATTEST TO AS WELL BECAUSE I FELT 336 00:16:46,080 --> 00:16:48,560 THE SAME IN HIS PRESENCE. 337 00:16:48,560 --> 00:16:51,840 I'M NEVER FORGET THE KINDNESS HE 338 00:16:51,840 --> 00:16:56,560 OFFERED IN 2001 WHEN MY HUSBAND 339 00:16:56,560 --> 00:16:58,040 WAS BATTLING AN AGGRESSIVE 340 00:16:58,040 --> 00:16:59,720 CANCER AND HE ALWAYS ASKED FIRST 341 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:02,520 HOW MY FAMILY AND A WERE DOING 342 00:17:02,520 --> 00:17:04,000 AND OFFERED WORDS OF SYMPATHY 343 00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:07,880 AND CONSOLATION. 344 00:17:07,880 --> 00:17:10,520 THAT MEANT THE WORLD TO ME. 345 00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:13,000 HIS GOOFY ERUPTING LAUGH WHICH 346 00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:15,960 ON A GOOD DAY WE CAN HEAR 347 00:17:15,960 --> 00:17:18,200 THROUGHOUT THE SUITE WAS A GREAT 348 00:17:18,200 --> 00:17:18,560 GUY. 349 00:17:18,560 --> 00:17:20,720 HIS GENUINE INTEREST IN THE WIDE 350 00:17:20,720 --> 00:17:22,120 RANGE OF SCIENTIFIC ISSUES AND 351 00:17:22,120 --> 00:17:23,240 DETERMINATION TO ADVANCE 352 00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:25,320 UNDERSTANDING HOW TO REDUCE THE 353 00:17:25,320 --> 00:17:26,600 BURDEN OF ALCOHOL PROBLEMS LAID 354 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:28,280 THE FOUNDATION FOR MUCH OF THE 355 00:17:28,280 --> 00:17:30,120 RESEARCH THAT CONTINUES NOW. 356 00:17:30,120 --> 00:17:32,960 THE CONSIDERABLE SUCCESS OF NIAA 357 00:17:32,960 --> 00:17:38,920 AND THE BROADER ALCOHOL RESEARCH 358 00:17:38,920 --> 00:17:39,200 E 359 00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:41,840 ENTERPRISE WILL ALWAYS OWE A 360 00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:44,680 DEBT TO DR. GORDIS. 361 00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:48,520 I LOVE ENOCH. 362 00:17:48,520 --> 00:17:51,280 I ADMIRED HIM AND WAS A GREAT 363 00:17:51,280 --> 00:17:52,920 MENTOR AND MET WITH HIM ON A 364 00:17:52,920 --> 00:17:54,480 REGULAR BASIS AND HE WAS 365 00:17:54,480 --> 00:17:56,280 GENEROUS AND WAS A SCHOLAR AND 366 00:17:56,280 --> 00:17:59,200 ALWAYS HAD PIERCING QUESTIONS 367 00:17:59,200 --> 00:18:01,120 THAT CHALLENGED ME. 368 00:18:01,120 --> 00:18:04,360 I CAN STILL REMEMBER MANY OF 369 00:18:04,360 --> 00:18:08,000 THEM AND THIS ENOCH AT THE MARK 370 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:10,240 KELLER HONORARY LECTURE AT THE 371 00:18:10,240 --> 00:18:11,680 NIH CLINICAL CENTER AUDITORIUM 372 00:18:11,680 --> 00:18:17,120 AND LIKE I SAID BEFORE HE WAS A 373 00:18:17,120 --> 00:18:19,640 PASSIONATE SUPPORTER OF OUR 374 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:21,920 SEMINAR PROGRAMS AND ALSO OF 375 00:18:21,920 --> 00:18:25,160 YOUNG PEOPLE AND MOVING YOUNG 376 00:18:25,160 --> 00:18:28,040 PEOPLE INTO THE FIELD OF ALCOHOL 377 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:28,560 STUDY. 378 00:18:28,560 --> 00:18:32,040 SO IT GOES WITHOUT SAYING WE'RE 379 00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:34,280 GOING MISS ENOCH AND I HOPE HE'S 380 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:37,360 LOOKING DONE FROM UP THERE AND 381 00:18:37,360 --> 00:18:38,960 AT LEAST GETTING A LITTLE SMILE 382 00:18:38,960 --> 00:18:41,160 ESPECIALLY ABOUT HIS RAGGED 383 00:18:41,160 --> 00:18:47,160 SWEATER, ANYWAY. 384 00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:51,240 AND HE WAS AN OUTSTANDING 385 00:18:51,240 --> 00:19:01,760 MUSICIAN AND PLAYED WITH A TRIO. 386 00:19:08,920 --> 00:19:10,960 >>AND THIS IS DURING MY TENURE. 387 00:19:10,960 --> 00:19:13,600 I'D LIKE TO TAKE CREDIT FOR 388 00:19:13,600 --> 00:19:13,880 THIS. 389 00:19:13,880 --> 00:19:16,880 I THINK YOU SHOULD THANK 390 00:19:16,880 --> 00:19:19,360 DR. COLLINS BECAUSE HE WAS VERY 391 00:19:19,360 --> 00:19:20,760 AT HELPING NIH GET A LOT OF 392 00:19:20,760 --> 00:19:30,120 SUPPORT OVER THE YEARS. 393 00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:33,600 WE ADD AN INCREASE OF 4% IN 2023 394 00:19:33,600 --> 00:19:36,280 AND HOPEFULLY WE'LL BE SPENDING 395 00:19:36,280 --> 00:19:36,920 IT WISELY. 396 00:19:36,920 --> 00:19:39,080 I HAVE NO PREDICTIONS FOR THE 397 00:19:39,080 --> 00:19:40,320 2024 BUDGET. 398 00:19:40,320 --> 00:19:46,040 YOU CAN FOLLOW HOW THINGS ARE 399 00:19:46,040 --> 00:19:49,560 GOING YOU CAN FOLLOW HOW THINGS 400 00:19:49,560 --> 00:19:52,200 ARE GOING FOR THE REST OF US AND 401 00:19:52,200 --> 00:19:57,120 THERE'S NO INFORMATION WE HAVE 402 00:19:57,120 --> 00:20:03,720 YOU DONT HAVE. 403 00:20:03,720 --> 00:20:07,040 AND WE WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT 404 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:09,520 ADVANCING MENTAL HEALTH 405 00:20:09,520 --> 00:20:11,400 INTERVENTIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING 406 00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:12,960 ALCOHOL RELATED DOMESTIC 407 00:20:12,960 --> 00:20:14,560 VIOLENCE AND TESTING AND 408 00:20:14,560 --> 00:20:16,880 IMPLEMENTATION OF SCALABLE AND 409 00:20:16,880 --> 00:20:22,000 LOW-RESOURCE AND REMOTE 410 00:20:22,000 --> 00:20:26,840 INTERVENTIONS VIA MOBILE DEVICE 411 00:20:26,840 --> 00:20:33,840 RELY ON COMMUNICATION REDUCING 412 00:20:33,840 --> 00:20:36,120 USAGE AND ONE ON PREVENTION OF 413 00:20:36,120 --> 00:20:37,840 ALCOHOL AND INTEND TO PUBLIC A 414 00:20:37,840 --> 00:20:39,480 NEW NOTICE OF FUNDING 415 00:20:39,480 --> 00:20:42,600 OPPORTUNITY NOW KNOWN AS THE 416 00:20:42,600 --> 00:20:46,200 NOFOs TO SOLICIT APPLICATIONS TO 417 00:20:46,200 --> 00:20:49,120 EXPAND THE AIDS PREVENTION TOOL 418 00:20:49,120 --> 00:20:53,960 KIT WITH PATTERNS OF EPISODIC 419 00:20:53,960 --> 00:20:59,640 AND BIOLOGICAL RISK FOR HIV 420 00:20:59,640 --> 00:20:59,960 ACQUISITION. 421 00:20:59,960 --> 00:21:06,720 THIS IS NOFO IS EXPECTED TO BE 422 00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:07,760 PUBLISHED IN BRING IN 2023 AND 423 00:21:07,760 --> 00:21:09,280 THE CONTACT FOR THE MOBILE 424 00:21:09,280 --> 00:21:10,320 HEALTH ONE IS DR. ROBERT 425 00:21:10,320 --> 00:21:16,320 FREEMAN. 426 00:21:16,320 --> 00:21:23,320 >>AND I WANTED TO MENTION 427 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:25,240 SOMETHING DISCUSSED AT THE 428 00:21:25,240 --> 00:21:30,320 INSTITUTE DIRECTOR MEETINGS AND 429 00:21:30,320 --> 00:21:32,320 AN OPPORTUNITY FOR PEOPLE THE 430 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:33,440 NIH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 431 00:21:33,440 --> 00:21:35,560 RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE FOR 432 00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:39,400 DISCOVERY, EXPERIMENTATION AND 433 00:21:39,400 --> 00:21:41,280 SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE FONDLY 434 00:21:41,280 --> 00:21:43,880 KNOWN AS STRIVES TO REDUCE 435 00:21:43,880 --> 00:21:46,840 ECONOMIC AND PROCESS BARRIERS TO 436 00:21:46,840 --> 00:21:48,600 USING CLOUD SERVICES. 437 00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:50,480 STRIDES PROVIDES THE FOLLOWING 438 00:21:50,480 --> 00:21:53,320 DISCOUNTS AND FAVORABLE PRICING 439 00:21:53,320 --> 00:21:55,560 ON COMPUTING, STORAGE AND 440 00:21:55,560 --> 00:21:59,720 RELATED SERVICES FROM AMAZON WEB 441 00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:02,800 SERVICES, GOOGLE CLOUD PLATFORM 442 00:22:02,800 --> 00:22:04,800 AND MICROSOFT AZURE. 443 00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:05,960 CONSULTATION AND TECHNICAL 444 00:22:05,960 --> 00:22:09,200 SUPPORT AND TRAINING AND 445 00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:11,920 CERTIFICATION. 446 00:22:11,920 --> 00:22:13,880 THIS OPPORTUNITY IS OPEN TO NIH 447 00:22:13,880 --> 00:22:15,080 FUNDED RESEARCHERS GRANTS AND 448 00:22:15,080 --> 00:22:17,320 INTRAMURAL PROGRAM AND CONTACTS. 449 00:22:17,320 --> 00:22:21,720 YOU CAN ENROLL AT CLOUD.NIH.gov 450 00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:25,960 AND THE ARCHIVE IS SUPPORTED BY 451 00:22:25,960 --> 00:22:27,080 THE STRIDES INITIATIVE. 452 00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:29,960 FUTURE STRIDES INITIATIVE 453 00:22:29,960 --> 00:22:32,400 ACTIVITIES WILL PROMOTE DATA 454 00:22:32,400 --> 00:22:34,400 ACROSS NIH AND NIH-FUNDED 455 00:22:34,400 --> 00:22:36,200 INSTITUTIONS AND OUR 456 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:39,840 REPRESENTATIVES ARE DR. FALK AND 457 00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:41,280 ELIZABETH POWELL. 458 00:22:41,280 --> 00:22:45,560 YOU CAN CONTACT PATRICIA POWELL 459 00:22:45,560 --> 00:22:46,440 BUT BETTER TO CONTACT THE PROPER 460 00:22:46,440 --> 00:22:51,280 POWELL. 461 00:22:51,280 --> 00:22:52,520 THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY AND I 462 00:22:52,520 --> 00:22:53,680 DON'T THINK WE'RE TAKING 463 00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:54,760 ADVANTAGE OF IT SO PASSING IT ON 464 00:22:54,760 --> 00:23:04,320 FOR YOUR INFORMATION. 465 00:23:04,320 --> 00:23:09,320 THIS WAS INITIATED BY AN ARTICLE 466 00:23:09,320 --> 00:23:19,320 WRITTEN BY MYSELF AND PAUL AND 467 00:23:19,320 --> 00:23:23,840 NORAH VOLKOW AND ON THE 468 00:23:23,840 --> 00:23:27,360 CONSTRUCT OF PRE-ADDICTION. 469 00:23:27,360 --> 00:23:30,760 WE REQUESTED THE INFORMATION ON 470 00:23:30,760 --> 00:23:33,400 THE TERM AND LIKE PRE ADDICTION 471 00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:36,080 FOR IDENTIFYING INTERVENING 472 00:23:36,080 --> 00:23:40,440 SUBSTANCE MISUSE AND MILD EARLY 473 00:23:40,440 --> 00:23:41,320 STAGE SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER 474 00:23:41,320 --> 00:23:41,960 WITHIN HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS. 475 00:23:41,960 --> 00:23:45,960 THE TERM PREADDICTION HAS BEEN A 476 00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:49,120 TERM TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT 477 00:23:49,120 --> 00:23:50,080 SUBSTANCE USE AND USE SCREENING 478 00:23:50,080 --> 00:23:51,680 AND INTERVENTION AND PREVENT 479 00:23:51,680 --> 00:23:53,920 OVERDOSE AND PROMOTE THE 480 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:55,480 DEVELOPMENT OF NEW 481 00:23:55,480 --> 00:23:57,000 INTERVENTIONS. 482 00:23:57,000 --> 00:23:59,160 INPUT WAS SOUGHT BOTH ON 483 00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:01,080 TERMINOLOGY TO DESCRIBE THE 484 00:24:01,080 --> 00:24:02,720 CONCEPT AND THE CONCEPT ITSELF 485 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:05,360 INCLUDING THE BENEFITS AND 486 00:24:05,360 --> 00:24:07,800 DRAWBACKS OF A TERM. 487 00:24:07,800 --> 00:24:09,960 RFA WAS OPEN FROM MARCH 13 TO 488 00:24:09,960 --> 00:24:12,480 APRIL 27 AND WE'LL ANALYZE THE 489 00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:13,440 FEEDBACK WE GOT FROM THIS AND 490 00:24:13,440 --> 00:24:15,000 INFORM DISCUSSIONS ABOUT THE 491 00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:17,120 CONCEPT OF PREADDICTION. 492 00:24:17,120 --> 00:24:19,600 THERE'S MULTIPLE LEVELS WHERE WE 493 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:22,040 THOUGHT THIS WOULD BE USEFUL. 494 00:24:22,040 --> 00:24:24,920 ONE IS WE ARBITRARILY DEFINED 495 00:24:24,920 --> 00:24:28,440 PREADDICTION AS MEETING THE C 496 00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:31,680 CRITERION FOR ALCOHOL USE 497 00:24:31,680 --> 00:24:32,880 DISORDER IN THE LOW RANGE AND WE 498 00:24:32,880 --> 00:24:35,840 DEFINE ADDICTION AS THE MODERATE 499 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:42,000 TO SEVERE RANGE OF DSM5 500 00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:42,400 CRITERIA. 501 00:24:42,400 --> 00:24:45,120 THE HOPE IS THIS WILL AT LEAST 502 00:24:45,120 --> 00:24:47,080 THE DISCUSSION ABOUT THE TERM 503 00:24:47,080 --> 00:24:49,120 PREADDICTION WILL STIMULATE 504 00:24:49,120 --> 00:24:50,480 INTEREST IN TREATING EARLY 505 00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:53,960 BECAUSE WE KNOW FOR ALL MENTAL 506 00:24:53,960 --> 00:24:56,560 ILLNESS FOR THAT MATTER ALMOST 507 00:24:56,560 --> 00:24:57,560 EVERY ILLNESS YOU CATCH THE 508 00:24:57,560 --> 00:25:00,280 DISORDER THE MORE LIKELY YOU ARE 509 00:25:00,280 --> 00:25:04,320 TO SUCCEED AND TOM McLELLAN 510 00:25:04,320 --> 00:25:09,360 PASSIONATELY FEELS AS I SHARE 511 00:25:09,360 --> 00:25:12,360 THAT WE'RE WAITING UNTIL THE 512 00:25:12,360 --> 00:25:14,040 TRAIN HAS LEFT THE STAGE, TO 513 00:25:14,040 --> 00:25:16,280 SOME EXTENT BEFORE WE ENGAGE IN 514 00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:17,960 TREATMENT FOR ALCOHOL USE 515 00:25:17,960 --> 00:25:18,560 DISORDER. 516 00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:25,360 THERE'S BEEN A COUPLE RECENT 517 00:25:25,360 --> 00:25:27,560 SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. 518 00:25:27,560 --> 00:25:29,840 WE HAD THE INTERAGENCY 519 00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:33,120 COORDINATING COMMITTEE ON 520 00:25:33,120 --> 00:25:34,960 ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS. 521 00:25:34,960 --> 00:25:37,480 THIS WAS HELD ON APRIL 17 522 00:25:37,480 --> 00:25:40,160 VIRTUALLY AND AGENCIES PROVIDED 523 00:25:40,160 --> 00:25:44,760 UPDATES RELATED TO THIS ISSUE A 524 00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:46,320 SPECIAL PANEL INCLUDED COMMUNITY 525 00:25:46,320 --> 00:25:48,200 ENGAGED RESEARCH AND WHAT WORKS 526 00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:49,680 FROM LIVED EXPERIENCE 527 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:52,960 PERSPECTIVE AS WELL AS THE FETAL 528 00:25:52,960 --> 00:25:57,200 ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDER FAMILY 529 00:25:57,200 --> 00:25:58,000 NAVIGATOR PROGRAMS. 530 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:01,840 AND THERE'S A WEBINAR FOCUSSED 531 00:26:01,840 --> 00:26:03,840 ON EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND NEURO 532 00:26:03,840 --> 00:26:04,920 SCIENCE RESEARCH AND 533 00:26:04,920 --> 00:26:08,160 DEVELOPMENTS AND TREATMENTS AND 534 00:26:08,160 --> 00:26:10,920 PHARMACO THERAPIES FOR WOMEN WHO 535 00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:12,680 DRINK AT HARMFUL LEVELS. 536 00:26:12,680 --> 00:26:17,440 THE WEBINAR HIGHLIGHTED ONGOING 537 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:18,560 COLLABORATIVE STUDIES ACTIVITIES 538 00:26:18,560 --> 00:26:24,560 TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO HIGH 539 00:26:24,560 --> 00:26:29,400 QUALITY TREATMENT SERVICES FOR 540 00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:31,080 WOMEN AND GIRLS AND THERE'S A 541 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:36,120 WEBSITE TO CHECK OUT THE RECENT 542 00:26:36,120 --> 00:26:36,400 MEETINGS. 543 00:26:36,400 --> 00:26:43,560 AND THAT WILL BE IN THE REPORT 544 00:26:43,560 --> 00:26:44,320 THE WRITTEN VERSION OR THE 545 00:26:44,320 --> 00:26:45,480 DOCUMENT VERSION. 546 00:26:45,480 --> 00:26:49,720 DIVERSITY, EQUITY AND INCLUSION 547 00:26:49,720 --> 00:26:53,000 AND ACCESSIBILITY EFFORTS ARE 548 00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:58,160 ONGOING AND VERY ACTIVE AT NIAA. 549 00:26:58,160 --> 00:27:02,120 WE'RE IN THE PROCESS OF TRYING 550 00:27:02,120 --> 00:27:04,600 TO RECRUIT SCIENTIFIC DIVERSITY 551 00:27:04,600 --> 00:27:06,040 OFFICER AND WE'RE IN THE EARLY 552 00:27:06,040 --> 00:27:08,240 STAGES OF A SELECTION PROCESS. 553 00:27:08,240 --> 00:27:10,120 WE ANTICIPATE COMPLETING THE 554 00:27:10,120 --> 00:27:11,680 PROCESS IN THE NEXT FEW WEEKS. 555 00:27:11,680 --> 00:27:14,000 THERE'S A FUNDING OPPORTUNITY 556 00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:16,280 ANNOUNCEMENT OUT THERE RESEARCH 557 00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:18,240 OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEW AND AT 558 00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:20,760 RISK INVESTIGATORS TO PROMOTE 559 00:27:20,760 --> 00:27:21,360 DIVERSITY. 560 00:27:21,360 --> 00:27:25,720 THIS IS TO SUPPORT THE RO1 561 00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:27,120 APPLICATION FROM INVESTIGATORS 562 00:27:27,120 --> 00:27:28,560 FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS 563 00:27:28,560 --> 00:27:30,200 INCLUDING FROM GROUPS UNDER 564 00:27:30,200 --> 00:27:35,400 REPRESENTED IN HEALTH-RELATED 565 00:27:35,400 --> 00:27:35,680 SCIENCES. 566 00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:39,080 AND FOR WORKFORCE DIVERSITY TO 567 00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:40,520 INCREASE THE DIVERSITY IN THE 568 00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:41,560 FIELD AND MAXIMIZING 569 00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:43,280 OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCIENTIFIC AND 570 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:44,880 ACADEMIC IN DEPENDENT CAREERS 571 00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:46,360 THE MOSAIC PROGRAM. 572 00:27:46,360 --> 00:27:51,960 WE ANNOUNCE LEAD IT NEW MOSAIC 573 00:27:51,960 --> 00:27:54,280 PROGRAMS NIAA SUPPORTED MOSAIC 574 00:27:54,280 --> 00:27:55,880 SCHOLARS IN 2022. 575 00:27:55,880 --> 00:28:02,040 YOU CAN SEE THEM LISTED AND 576 00:28:02,040 --> 00:28:07,080 THESE ARE A LITTLE HARD FOR ME 577 00:28:07,080 --> 00:28:17,520 TO SEE AND SEE LAURA AND 578 00:28:20,360 --> 00:28:20,640 GABRIELLE LOPEZ. 579 00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:28,880 THANKS. 580 00:28:28,880 --> 00:28:30,000 >>WHAT'S AHEAD? 581 00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:36,120 A NUMBER OF US ARE GOING TO THE 582 00:28:36,120 --> 00:28:38,200 ALCOHOL AND STRESS FRAMEWORK 583 00:28:38,200 --> 00:28:42,400 TREATMENT STRATEGIES HELD MAY 16 584 00:28:42,400 --> 00:28:47,000 THROUGH THE 19 IN VOLTERA, ITALY 585 00:28:47,000 --> 00:28:48,600 AND WE HAVE A RESEARCH IN THE 586 00:28:48,600 --> 00:28:51,640 DOMAIN AND ANTONIO AND I WILL BE 587 00:28:51,640 --> 00:28:51,840 THERE. 588 00:28:51,840 --> 00:28:53,920 THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING, 589 00:28:53,920 --> 00:28:56,440 NIAA JOINT WORKSHOP ON THE 590 00:28:56,440 --> 00:29:00,160 IMPACT OF ALCOHOL MISUSE ON THE 591 00:29:00,160 --> 00:29:02,640 ONSET AND PROGRESSION 592 00:29:02,640 --> 00:29:05,920 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED 593 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:10,440 DEMENTIAS WILL BE JULY 26 AND 27 594 00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:15,800 AT THE NATCHER CONFERENCE CENTER 595 00:29:15,800 --> 00:29:23,320 AND AIMED AT UNDERSTANDS THE 596 00:29:23,320 --> 00:29:26,040 RESEARCH GAPS AND CHALLENGES TO 597 00:29:26,040 --> 00:29:27,360 UNDERSTANDING RELATIONSHIP 598 00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:29,560 BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND MISUSE AND 599 00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:31,600 DEMENTIAS AND THERE'S BEEN 600 00:29:31,600 --> 00:29:39,040 EXCITING NEW STUDIES ONGOING. 601 00:29:39,040 --> 00:29:40,960 FOR COMMUNICATION UPDATE IN 602 00:29:40,960 --> 00:29:42,080 RECOGNITION OF ALCOHOL AWARENESS 603 00:29:42,080 --> 00:29:45,840 MONTH IN APRIL, NIAA SHARED 604 00:29:45,840 --> 00:29:47,040 SOCIAL MEDIA MESSAGES AND 605 00:29:47,040 --> 00:29:49,480 ENGAGED IN THE TWITTER CHAT WITH 606 00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:51,640 THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF 607 00:29:51,640 --> 00:29:53,680 ADDICTION MEDICINE ABOUT ALCOHOL 608 00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:59,640 MYTHS AND TREATMENT. 609 00:29:59,640 --> 00:30:01,520 AND THIS WE LAUNCHED AN UPDATE 610 00:30:01,520 --> 00:30:03,080 TO ALCOHOL FACTS AN STATISTICS. 611 00:30:03,080 --> 00:30:07,360 THIS IS AND WAS A POPULAR ONLINE 612 00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:10,200 RESOURCE WHICH CONSISTENTLY 613 00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:11,920 RANKS AMONG THE MOST VIEWED NIAA 614 00:30:11,920 --> 00:30:12,560 WEB PAGES. 615 00:30:12,560 --> 00:30:15,600 IT HAS BEEN UPDATED WITH RECENT 616 00:30:15,600 --> 00:30:19,960 ALCOHOL STATISTICS EXPANDED WITH 617 00:30:19,960 --> 00:30:21,160 DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND 618 00:30:21,160 --> 00:30:24,600 REORGANIZED TO IMPROVE 619 00:30:24,600 --> 00:30:26,400 READABILITY AND NAVIGATABILITY. 620 00:30:26,400 --> 00:30:29,600 THE LINK IS AVAILABLE ON THE 621 00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:35,800 NIAA HOME PAGE AND IN THE 622 00:30:35,800 --> 00:30:37,360 ALCOHOL'S AFFECTS ON HEALTH 623 00:30:37,360 --> 00:30:38,240 SECTION. 624 00:30:38,240 --> 00:30:39,960 IF YOU CLICK ON THE WEBSITE 625 00:30:39,960 --> 00:30:42,280 YOU'LL SEE THIS BELOW THE 626 00:30:42,280 --> 00:30:43,480 REDDISH LINE THAT HAS PLACE TO 627 00:30:43,480 --> 00:30:46,200 GO TO ON THE WEBSITE AND A BOX 628 00:30:46,200 --> 00:30:48,120 THAT SAYS ALCOHOL FACTS AND 629 00:30:48,120 --> 00:30:48,480 STATISTICS. 630 00:30:48,480 --> 00:30:51,760 I REALLY URGE EVERYONE TO LOOK 631 00:30:51,760 --> 00:30:54,360 AT THIS AND UTILIZE IT. 632 00:30:54,360 --> 00:30:56,000 I CAN'T TELL YOU HOW MANY 633 00:30:56,000 --> 00:30:57,400 DIFFERENT STATISTICS END UP IN 634 00:30:57,400 --> 00:30:59,600 THE SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. 635 00:30:59,600 --> 00:31:01,120 THERE'S NOW 29.5 MILLION 636 00:31:01,120 --> 00:31:02,240 INDIVIDUALS IN THE UNITED STATES 637 00:31:02,240 --> 00:31:04,440 WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AS 638 00:31:04,440 --> 00:31:07,880 DEFINED BY DSM5. 639 00:31:07,880 --> 00:31:09,800 THERE'S OVER 140,000 DEATHS 640 00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:11,920 ATTRIBUTED TO ALCOHOL FROM THE 641 00:31:11,920 --> 00:31:12,280 CDC. 642 00:31:12,280 --> 00:31:14,280 ALL THESE NUMBERS ARE ON THERE. 643 00:31:14,280 --> 00:31:17,200 WE USE THEM, I WANT MY STAFF TO 644 00:31:17,200 --> 00:31:17,680 USE THEM. 645 00:31:17,680 --> 00:31:19,520 I WANT OUR DIVISIONS TO USE THEM 646 00:31:19,520 --> 00:31:20,960 AND I'D LIKE EVERYBODY IN THE 647 00:31:20,960 --> 00:31:23,120 EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY TO USE THEM 648 00:31:23,120 --> 00:31:26,840 AND FURTHERMORE IF YOU THINK WE 649 00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:29,600 MADE AN ERROR, THIS IS A LIVING 650 00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:29,880 DOCUMENT. 651 00:31:29,880 --> 00:31:40,120 WE'LL FIX IT. 652 00:31:40,440 --> 00:31:42,800 [SPEAKING FRENCH] 653 00:31:42,800 --> 00:31:52,720 >>AS THEY SAY IN FRENCH. 654 00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:57,400 I PICKED AN INTERESTING GROUP OF 655 00:31:57,400 --> 00:32:00,040 PAPERS THIS ROUND SEVERAL 656 00:32:00,040 --> 00:32:01,600 DOVETAIL TOGETHER WITH A COMMON 657 00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:01,800 THEME. 658 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:06,760 EYE LIKE TO GO THROUGH THESE 659 00:32:06,760 --> 00:32:09,640 WITH YOU ALL AND OPEN IT UP FOR 660 00:32:09,640 --> 00:32:13,480 COUNCIL DISCUSSION. 661 00:32:13,480 --> 00:32:23,720 NEXT SLIDE. 662 00:32:29,560 --> 00:32:35,080 AND HERE'S ABOUT INTENSITY DR 663 00:32:35,080 --> 00:32:39,800 DRINKING IN YOUNG ADULTS 664 00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:41,720 PREDICTS ALCOHOL ABUSE THAT'S 665 00:32:41,720 --> 00:32:43,280 CONSUMING TEN OR MORE DRINKS IN 666 00:32:43,280 --> 00:32:45,640 A ROW AND THIS IS PARTICULARLY 667 00:32:45,640 --> 00:32:47,360 CONCERNING DRINKING TYPE OF 668 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:47,640 BEHAVIOR. 669 00:32:47,640 --> 00:32:51,520 IF YOU REMEMBER, RISKY DRINKING 670 00:32:51,520 --> 00:32:56,120 THE FIRST VIGNETTE OF OUR HBO 671 00:32:56,120 --> 00:32:56,960 DOCUMENTARY SHOWS A GOOD EXAMPLE 672 00:32:56,960 --> 00:32:57,920 OF HIGH INTENSITY DRINKING IN 673 00:32:57,920 --> 00:33:01,000 YOUNG PEOPLE. 674 00:33:01,000 --> 00:33:03,640 THE PRESENT STUDY USED A SAMPLE 675 00:33:03,640 --> 00:33:07,400 OF 451 YOUNG ADULTS WHO REPORTED 676 00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:09,400 PAST 30 DAY DRINKING IN 12th 677 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:12,520 GRATE AND INITIATED HIGH 678 00:33:12,520 --> 00:33:17,560 INTENSITY DRINKING BY AGE 20. 679 00:33:17,560 --> 00:33:19,400 INITIATING HIGH INTENSITY 680 00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:21,240 DRINKING BY GRADE 11 WAS 681 00:33:21,240 --> 00:33:23,160 ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER WEEKLY 682 00:33:23,160 --> 00:33:24,280 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND HIGH 683 00:33:24,280 --> 00:33:30,960 INTENSITY DRINKING FREQUENCY AND 684 00:33:30,960 --> 00:33:33,640 AUDIT SCORE INDICATING POSSIBLE 685 00:33:33,640 --> 00:33:38,560 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AT AGE 20 686 00:33:38,560 --> 00:33:39,920 YEARS. 687 00:33:39,920 --> 00:33:41,800 THEY BASICALLY SHOULD ALSO IN 688 00:33:41,800 --> 00:33:44,920 STUDY SHOWED THE MEAN PRIME OF 689 00:33:44,920 --> 00:33:46,880 ESCALATION TO HIGH INTENSITY 690 00:33:46,880 --> 00:33:48,080 DRINKING WAS ALMOST TWO YEARS 691 00:33:48,080 --> 00:33:51,600 WHICH IS PRETTY SHORT AND LESS 692 00:33:51,600 --> 00:33:54,160 THAN TWO YEARS AND 1.9 YEARS AND 693 00:33:54,160 --> 00:33:57,000 FROM A FIRST BINGE TO HIGH 694 00:33:57,000 --> 00:33:57,640 INTENSITY DRINKING WAS ALMOST 695 00:33:57,640 --> 00:33:58,320 JUST A LITTLE MORE THAN HALF A 696 00:33:58,320 --> 00:34:06,320 YEAR. 697 00:34:06,320 --> 00:34:07,880 THAT'S LATER INITIATION OF 698 00:34:07,880 --> 00:34:13,320 DRINKING OR ESCALATION. 699 00:34:13,320 --> 00:34:16,200 THAT'S FOR THOSE WHO WERE LATER 700 00:34:16,200 --> 00:34:18,440 IN BINGING ESCALATION. 701 00:34:18,440 --> 00:34:20,360 THIS IS EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS 702 00:34:20,360 --> 00:34:22,000 WHAT WE'VE ANYONE FOR QUITE SOME 703 00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:22,200 TIME. 704 00:34:22,200 --> 00:34:25,120 THE EARLIER YOU ENGAGE, THE MORE 705 00:34:25,120 --> 00:34:30,880 LIKELY YOU ARE TO HAVE SERIOUS 706 00:34:30,880 --> 00:34:33,480 CONSEQUENCES AND IT ARGUES THAT 707 00:34:33,480 --> 00:34:35,160 I BELIEVE WE SHOULD BE DOING A 708 00:34:35,160 --> 00:34:42,320 LOT MORE WORK FOCUSSING ON THESE 709 00:34:42,320 --> 00:34:43,840 DETERMINATES FOR HIGH INTENSITY 710 00:34:43,840 --> 00:34:45,600 DRINKING AND WHAT LEADS TO THIS. 711 00:34:45,600 --> 00:34:48,120 THESE ARE DOSES OF ALCOHOL THAT 712 00:34:48,120 --> 00:34:58,160 IN SOME CASES CAN BE EVEN LIFE 713 00:34:58,160 --> 00:35:00,480 THREATENING. 714 00:35:00,480 --> 00:35:07,120 THIS IS A STUDY FROM UCSD AND 715 00:35:07,120 --> 00:35:08,600 THIS IS A SCHOOL STUDY BECAUSE 716 00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:12,200 IT'S A STUDY OF A FUNGUS. 717 00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:20,040 THIS IS A FUNGUS THAT BASICALLY 718 00:35:20,040 --> 00:35:24,440 WE HAVE IN OUR MOUTHS AND SKIN 719 00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:26,200 AND INTESTINE AND FORTUNATELY 720 00:35:26,200 --> 00:35:29,080 LOW AMOUNTS BECAUSE IT'S AN 721 00:35:29,080 --> 00:35:38,000 OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENIC YEAST 722 00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:38,640 ALCOHOL ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE 723 00:35:38,640 --> 00:35:44,360 IS ACCOMPANIED BY AN IMBALANCE 724 00:35:44,360 --> 00:35:47,520 OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOME CALLED 725 00:35:47,520 --> 00:35:51,240 MICROBIOME DYSBIOSIS. 726 00:35:51,240 --> 00:35:56,560 AND INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES ARE 727 00:35:56,560 --> 00:36:00,680 PRODUCED BY LYMPHOCYTES AND IS A 728 00:36:00,680 --> 00:36:03,520 CONTRIBUTING FACTOR OF 729 00:36:03,520 --> 00:36:05,120 AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATORY 730 00:36:05,120 --> 00:36:05,440 CONDITIONS. 731 00:36:05,440 --> 00:36:07,400 IL17 IS ONE OF THE BAD GUYS. 732 00:36:07,400 --> 00:36:12,000 THIS REPORT FOUND T HELPER CELL 733 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:15,760 17 CELLS REACTIVE TO THE YEAST 734 00:36:15,760 --> 00:36:18,120 CAN INCREASE IN THE BLOOD AND 735 00:36:18,120 --> 00:36:21,160 LIVER OF PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL 736 00:36:21,160 --> 00:36:21,840 ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE. 737 00:36:21,840 --> 00:36:25,280 SO THEY STUDIED THIS AND HAVE 738 00:36:25,280 --> 00:36:30,240 SEEN THIS INCREASE IN HUMAN 739 00:36:30,240 --> 00:36:34,400 BEING S BUT ALSO WENT ON TO 740 00:36:34,400 --> 00:36:36,720 STUDY HOW DID THIS TAKE PLACE 741 00:36:36,720 --> 00:36:38,960 USING MOUSE MODELS AND THESE 742 00:36:38,960 --> 00:36:41,400 WERE FEMALE MICE INTERESTINGLY 743 00:36:41,400 --> 00:36:41,640 ENOUGH. 744 00:36:41,640 --> 00:36:51,720 AND THE REPORT FOUND THE 745 00:36:51,720 --> 00:37:00,240 MOLECULAR ACTIVATION REACTIVE TO 746 00:37:00,240 --> 00:37:02,320 CANDIDA REACTED MORE TO FUNGAL 747 00:37:02,320 --> 00:37:09,840 DISEASE AND USED A STATIN AND 748 00:37:09,840 --> 00:37:12,640 THEY USED CHRONIC ETHANOL IN 749 00:37:12,640 --> 00:37:16,080 THEIR DIET AND ADD BINGE MODEL 750 00:37:16,080 --> 00:37:21,720 ON TOP SO THESE CRITTERS GOT A 751 00:37:21,720 --> 00:37:32,040 LOT OF ALCOHOL. 752 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:37,600 IT SHOWS THE CANDIDA TRAVELS TO 753 00:37:37,600 --> 00:37:43,640 THE LIVER AND THE C REACTIVE 754 00:37:43,640 --> 00:37:47,240 CELLS MIGRATE TO THE LIVER AND 755 00:37:47,240 --> 00:37:50,720 TRIGGER THE ACTIVATION OF 756 00:37:50,720 --> 00:37:55,280 INTERLEUKIN 17 A PROINFLAMMATORY 757 00:37:55,280 --> 00:37:57,120 CYTOKINE AND CONTRIBUTES TO 758 00:37:57,120 --> 00:37:58,920 INFLAMMATION OF LIVER DISEASE. 759 00:37:58,920 --> 00:38:01,160 A NICE PAPER EVEN IF YOU'RE NOT 760 00:38:01,160 --> 00:38:04,360 INTO YEAST BECAUSE IT SHOWS THIS 761 00:38:04,360 --> 00:38:06,520 VERY SPECIFIC AND FAIRLY 762 00:38:06,520 --> 00:38:11,600 DRAMATIC INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 763 00:38:11,600 --> 00:38:13,640 MICROBIOME INFLAMMATORY ACTIONS 764 00:38:13,640 --> 00:38:19,920 AND LIVER DISEASE. 765 00:38:19,920 --> 00:38:24,280 AND WHILE WE'RE ON THE 766 00:38:24,280 --> 00:38:31,080 INFLAMMATORY DOMAIN, THIS IS A 767 00:38:31,080 --> 00:38:36,640 STUDY FROM THE NEUROIMMUNE 768 00:38:36,640 --> 00:38:38,320 PROGRAM WE HAVE AND THIS 769 00:38:38,320 --> 00:38:40,360 PARTICULAR STUDY WAS LED BY 770 00:38:40,360 --> 00:38:45,600 ANGELA OSBORN AND A GREAT DEAL 771 00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:47,120 OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE 772 00:38:47,120 --> 00:38:49,640 PREFERENCE FROM THE NEUROIMMUNE 773 00:38:49,640 --> 00:38:52,320 THEY IDENTIFIED USING A BIO 774 00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:58,280 INFORMATICS APPROACH THAT PD4 775 00:38:58,280 --> 00:39:00,800 INHIBITORS WERE A POTENTIAL AUD 776 00:39:00,800 --> 00:39:03,760 TREATMENT AND THE BIOINFORMATICS 777 00:39:03,760 --> 00:39:05,800 APPROACH WAS PROFILED AND 778 00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:12,120 DRINKING TO INTOXICATION IN GWAS 779 00:39:12,120 --> 00:39:15,520 BUT ALSO IN USING MICE FROM 780 00:39:15,520 --> 00:39:19,760 DRINKING IN THE DARK DRINK 781 00:39:19,760 --> 00:39:20,760 MODEL. 782 00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:31,280 AND PHOSPHODIESTERASES ARE AN 783 00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:33,640 INHIBITOR AND APPROVED FOR THE 784 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:34,640 TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS YOU SEE 785 00:39:34,640 --> 00:39:37,480 IT ON TV ALL THE TIME IT'S 786 00:39:37,480 --> 00:39:40,400 CALLED ATEZLA. 787 00:39:40,400 --> 00:39:43,000 THAT'S THE SAME COMPOUND. 788 00:39:43,000 --> 00:39:49,000 VIA PD4 INHIBITION IT CYCLES DMP 789 00:39:49,000 --> 00:39:50,880 LEVELS THOUGHT TO DECREASE THE 790 00:39:50,880 --> 00:39:53,400 LEVELS OF PROIN INFLAMMATORY 791 00:39:53,400 --> 00:39:54,600 MEDIATORS AND INCREASE THE 792 00:39:54,600 --> 00:39:58,000 PRODUCTION OF CERTAIN 793 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,480 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS THE 794 00:40:00,480 --> 00:40:02,240 TREATMENT BY WHICH IT HELPS 795 00:40:02,240 --> 00:40:03,440 TREAT PSORIASIS EFFECTIVELY. 796 00:40:03,440 --> 00:40:10,920 SO THEY WENT ON TO TEST IT IN A 797 00:40:10,920 --> 00:40:16,920 NUMBER OF ANIMAL MODELS IN A 798 00:40:16,920 --> 00:40:19,040 MOTIVATIONAL MEASURE AND 799 00:40:19,040 --> 00:40:22,200 PUNISHMENT RESPONDING WHERE YOU 800 00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:25,320 SUPPRESS DRINKING BEHAVIOR AND 801 00:40:25,320 --> 00:40:30,240 DEPENDENCE INDUCED DRINKING AND 802 00:40:30,240 --> 00:40:33,320 I SHOWED TWO GRAPHS OF ANIMAL 803 00:40:33,320 --> 00:40:36,200 MODELS AND ON THE RIGHT IT 804 00:40:36,200 --> 00:40:39,480 DECREASED IN NON-TREATMENT 805 00:40:39,480 --> 00:40:42,440 SEEKING HUMANS IN A DOUBLE BLIND 806 00:40:42,440 --> 00:40:45,880 PLACEBO CONTROL STUDY THE SAME 807 00:40:45,880 --> 00:40:51,360 STUDY THAT RAY LITTON WAS 808 00:40:51,360 --> 00:40:57,760 TALKING ABOUT A HUMAN LABORATORY 809 00:40:57,760 --> 00:41:08,240 STUDY AND EVEN ON THE ANIMALS 810 00:41:10,000 --> 00:41:20,320 UNDER MOUSE MODELS AND 811 00:41:25,600 --> 00:41:29,600 APREMILAST STUDY WAS RUN AT 812 00:41:29,600 --> 00:41:31,800 SCRIPPS RESEARCH AND I THINK 813 00:41:31,800 --> 00:41:34,800 AGAIN ADDITIONAL TRANSLATIONAL 814 00:41:34,800 --> 00:41:37,480 INFORMATION SUGGESTING 815 00:41:37,480 --> 00:41:40,840 IMMUNOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS WITH 816 00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:44,160 ALCOHOL THAT MAY BE FERTILE 817 00:41:44,160 --> 00:41:44,680 GROUNDS FOR MEDICATION 818 00:41:44,680 --> 00:41:54,920 INTERVENTION. 819 00:42:02,840 --> 00:42:08,800 >>THIS WAS DONE BY DR. AGARWAL 820 00:42:08,800 --> 00:42:16,880 AND THE POLLY JOSEPH LAB IN OUR 821 00:42:16,880 --> 00:42:18,720 INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM AND 822 00:42:18,720 --> 00:42:24,280 THEY WERE LOOKING AT 466 823 00:42:24,280 --> 00:42:25,800 PARTICIPANTS IN THE NIAA 824 00:42:25,800 --> 00:42:28,120 COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON 825 00:42:28,120 --> 00:42:30,560 ALCOHOL STUDY AND THE DATA I'M 826 00:42:30,560 --> 00:42:32,240 REPORTING NONE OF THE PATIENTS 827 00:42:32,240 --> 00:42:34,160 HAD COVID AT THE TIME BUT THE 828 00:42:34,160 --> 00:42:42,120 DATA WAS CONDUCTED FROM JUNE 829 00:42:42,120 --> 00:42:43,440 2020 TO SEPTEMBER OF 2021. 830 00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:47,040 IN THIS STUDY THE RESEARCHERS 831 00:42:47,040 --> 00:42:51,280 OBSERVED A SIGNIFICANT 832 00:42:51,280 --> 00:42:56,120 IMPAIRMENT AND SMELL ABILITY AND 833 00:42:56,120 --> 00:42:57,560 IT WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 834 00:42:57,560 --> 00:43:00,240 PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL AND 835 00:43:00,240 --> 00:43:02,520 VARIETAL QUALITY OF LIFE. 836 00:43:02,520 --> 00:43:05,920 SO THEY ARGUED THE EARLY 837 00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:12,680 ASSESSMENT OF SMELL FUNCTION IN 838 00:43:12,680 --> 00:43:14,960 AUD MAY PREDICT THIS IN QUALITY 839 00:43:14,960 --> 00:43:17,280 OF LIFE DOMAIN AND THEY DIVIDED 840 00:43:17,280 --> 00:43:19,200 THE SUBJECTS INTO THREE GROUPS 841 00:43:19,200 --> 00:43:20,880 ON THE LEFT PANEL BASED ON 842 00:43:20,880 --> 00:43:25,520 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AT FOUR TIME 843 00:43:25,520 --> 00:43:26,240 POINTS, LIGHT, MODERATE AND 844 00:43:26,240 --> 00:43:29,240 HEAVY DRINKING AND IT SHOWED A 845 00:43:29,240 --> 00:43:29,880 SIGNIFICANT SMELL DIFFERENCE 846 00:43:29,880 --> 00:43:32,240 BETWEEN NON-DRINKING AND HEAVY 847 00:43:32,240 --> 00:43:32,840 DRINKING INDIVIDUALS. 848 00:43:32,840 --> 00:43:36,120 THE FOUR BARS ON THE LEFT OF THE 849 00:43:36,120 --> 00:43:37,760 RIGHT HAND GRAPH AND FOUR BARS 850 00:43:37,760 --> 00:43:41,120 ON THE RIGHT OF THE RIGHT HAND. 851 00:43:41,120 --> 00:43:44,400 I THOUGHT IT WAS INTRIGUING AND 852 00:43:44,400 --> 00:43:46,360 IT ALSO BEGS THE QUESTION THAT 853 00:43:46,360 --> 00:43:49,400 I'M SURE POLLY IS FOLLOWING UP 854 00:43:49,400 --> 00:43:53,640 ON GIVEN COVID ITSELF CAN IMPAIR 855 00:43:53,640 --> 00:43:56,240 SMALL IS THERE AN ALCOHOL-COVID 856 00:43:56,240 --> 00:43:56,720 INTERACTION DOMAIN? 857 00:43:56,720 --> 00:43:59,480 WE DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER YET BUT 858 00:43:59,480 --> 00:44:01,880 SOMETHING I'M SURE IS AND WILL 859 00:44:01,880 --> 00:44:03,080 BE EXPLORED AND ONE OF THE 860 00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:04,320 REASONS I HIGHLIGHTED THIS 861 00:44:04,320 --> 00:44:14,880 PARTICULARLY INTERESTING STUDY. 862 00:44:18,600 --> 00:44:22,680 I HAVE TO ADMIT THIS IS A 863 00:44:22,680 --> 00:44:24,240 COMPLICATED EPIGENETIC STUDY AND 864 00:44:24,240 --> 00:44:25,760 THE GOOD NEWS IS I'LL DO MY BEST 865 00:44:25,760 --> 00:44:32,080 TO EXPLAIN WHAT WAS FOUND. 866 00:44:32,080 --> 00:44:41,440 AND YOU CAN ASK QUESTIONS LATER. 867 00:44:41,440 --> 00:44:45,600 WE KNOW STRESS CONTRIBUTE TO 868 00:44:45,600 --> 00:44:48,120 PREMATURE AGING AND ALCOHOL USE 869 00:44:48,120 --> 00:44:50,320 DISORDER AND IT'S A FACTOR IN 870 00:44:50,320 --> 00:44:53,600 PREMATURE AGING AND THIS WILL 871 00:44:53,600 --> 00:44:56,240 SUPPORT THAT IN A UNIQUE WAY. 872 00:44:56,240 --> 00:44:58,240 TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE 873 00:44:58,240 --> 00:44:59,040 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND 874 00:44:59,040 --> 00:45:00,880 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND 875 00:45:00,880 --> 00:45:05,920 PREMATURE AGING THEY USED 876 00:45:05,920 --> 00:45:08,440 TELOMERE LENGTH ASSAYS IN A 877 00:45:08,440 --> 00:45:10,920 DEEPLY PHENOTYPED SAMPLE OF 878 00:45:10,920 --> 00:45:12,200 PATIENTS FROM THE NIAA 879 00:45:12,200 --> 00:45:12,920 INTRAMURAL PROGRAM. 880 00:45:12,920 --> 00:45:24,000 THIS WAS 615 PATIE PATIENTS TEL 881 00:45:25,680 --> 00:45:32,760 ARE AT THE END OF THE DNA AND IT 882 00:45:32,760 --> 00:45:36,520 SHORTENS WITH AGE. 883 00:45:36,520 --> 00:45:37,960 THE PRESENT STUDY SHOWED THE 884 00:45:37,960 --> 00:45:43,000 COMBINATION OF STRESS AND HEAVY 885 00:45:43,000 --> 00:45:46,160 ALCOHOL USE ACCELERATED THIS BY 886 00:45:46,160 --> 00:45:47,320 4.5 YEARS. 887 00:45:47,320 --> 00:45:52,080 IN THE FINDING WAS REPLICATED IN 888 00:45:52,080 --> 00:46:00,800 EXTERNAL SAMPLES FROM THE GRADY 889 00:46:00,800 --> 00:46:08,040 PROJECT IN SCOTLAND AND IT 890 00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:11,560 ACCELERATED AGE WITH ALCOHOL USE 891 00:46:11,560 --> 00:46:15,920 DISORDER AND STRESS ED INCREASE 892 00:46:15,920 --> 00:46:17,240 THE RISK OF MORTALITY. 893 00:46:17,240 --> 00:46:21,720 THIS SHOWED THE DISCOVERY COHORT 894 00:46:21,720 --> 00:46:27,920 AND THE EPIGENETIC COHORT 895 00:46:27,920 --> 00:46:30,440 COMPOSITE SCORE OF STRESS AND 896 00:46:30,440 --> 00:46:32,160 METHYLATION SCORE USED AND 897 00:46:32,160 --> 00:46:35,040 COMBINING THESE TOGETHER IN 898 00:46:35,040 --> 00:46:37,880 REPLICATION FOR BOTH GRADY 899 00:46:37,880 --> 00:46:42,840 TRAUMA PROJECT AND YOU CAN SEE 900 00:46:42,840 --> 00:46:49,160 WHAT WE CAUGHT THE DOSE-RELATED 901 00:46:49,160 --> 00:46:59,680 INCREASE IN THE PHENOAGE AND 902 00:47:01,760 --> 00:47:04,920 GRIM AGE AND THAT'S A COMPOSITE 903 00:47:04,920 --> 00:47:09,400 OF DNA MENLALATION BASED MARKERS 904 00:47:09,400 --> 00:47:11,160 LINKED TO HEALTH AND LIFE SPAN 905 00:47:11,160 --> 00:47:13,040 AND GRIM AGE IS THE STRONGEST 906 00:47:13,040 --> 00:47:14,040 PREDICTOR OF PATHOLOGY AND IT'S 907 00:47:14,040 --> 00:47:21,080 HARD TO SEE AT THE BOTTOM BUT 908 00:47:21,080 --> 00:47:28,440 BASICALLY WHAT THEY DID WAS LOOK 909 00:47:28,440 --> 00:47:31,320 AT LOW AND HIGH FROM THE 910 00:47:31,320 --> 00:47:33,600 DIFFERENT COHORTS. 911 00:47:33,600 --> 00:47:37,600 BUT WHEN HE TOOK THE HIGH, HIGH 912 00:47:37,600 --> 00:47:39,480 THAT WAS THE MOST DRAMATIC 913 00:47:39,480 --> 00:47:41,560 INCREASE IN EPIGENETIC AGE. 914 00:47:41,560 --> 00:47:43,120 I URGE YOU TO LOOK AT THE 915 00:47:43,120 --> 00:47:46,760 DETAILS OF THIS PAPER BUT IT IS 916 00:47:46,760 --> 00:47:50,160 A COMPELLING STUDY AND PUBLISHED 917 00:47:50,160 --> 00:47:55,880 IN BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY ARGUING 918 00:47:55,880 --> 00:47:59,600 THE ADDITIVE AFFECTS OF STRESS 919 00:47:59,600 --> 00:48:01,320 AND ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 920 00:48:01,320 --> 00:48:03,520 ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING. 921 00:48:03,520 --> 00:48:05,600 I'M SURE FALK WILL TALK ABOUT 922 00:48:05,600 --> 00:48:07,000 THIS STUDY IN HIS TALK TODAY AND 923 00:48:07,000 --> 00:48:08,720 HE'S BEEN DOING A GREAT DEAL OF 924 00:48:08,720 --> 00:48:11,760 WORK IN THIS EPIGENETIC AREA AND 925 00:48:11,760 --> 00:48:15,720 IT'S FASCINATING WHAT HE'S BEEN 926 00:48:15,720 --> 00:48:17,280 ABLE TO PULL OUT OF SOME OF 927 00:48:17,280 --> 00:48:27,640 THESE HUMAN COHORTS. 928 00:48:32,320 --> 00:48:37,800 THIS SHOWS PREDICTED BRAIN AGE 929 00:48:37,800 --> 00:48:39,160 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMMUNITY 930 00:48:39,160 --> 00:48:45,240 DEVELOPING OLDER ADULTS. 931 00:48:45,240 --> 00:48:47,280 EVIDENCE INDICATES ALCOHOL 932 00:48:47,280 --> 00:48:49,080 MISUSE CONTRIBUTES TO 933 00:48:49,080 --> 00:48:57,080 AACCELERATING AGING AND IMPAIRED 934 00:48:57,080 --> 00:48:57,880 COGNITIVE, MEMORY AND LUNG 935 00:48:57,880 --> 00:49:01,560 FUNCTION AND HEAVY DRINKERS 936 00:49:01,560 --> 00:49:05,640 SHOWN AS 14 DRINKS A DAY SHOWED 937 00:49:05,640 --> 00:49:07,640 BRAIN DIFFERENCES IN THE BRAIN 938 00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:08,200 PAD. 939 00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:09,320 THAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 940 00:49:09,320 --> 00:49:12,560 BRAIN PREDICTED AGE AND 941 00:49:12,560 --> 00:49:15,640 CHRONOLOGICAL AGE BASED ON 942 00:49:15,640 --> 00:49:17,640 NEUROIMAGING DATA AND THE LIGHT 943 00:49:17,640 --> 00:49:20,600 AND MODERATE DRINKING OLDER 944 00:49:20,600 --> 00:49:25,160 ADULTS DID NOT SHOW PROTECTIVE 945 00:49:25,160 --> 00:49:27,000 BENEFIT ON BRAIN AGING BUT A 946 00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:32,280 GROWING BODY OF EVIDENCE THAT 947 00:49:32,280 --> 00:49:39,800 ALCOHOL MISUSE GOING PAST THE 948 00:49:39,800 --> 00:49:41,760 USDA STANDARD DRINK LEVELS FOR 949 00:49:41,760 --> 00:49:45,600 MODERATE DRINKING CONTRIBUTE TO 950 00:49:45,600 --> 00:49:47,000 ACCELERATED NEURODEGENERATION 951 00:49:47,000 --> 00:49:48,480 AMONG OLDER ADULTS. 952 00:49:48,480 --> 00:49:53,600 YOU CAN SEE THAT ON THE RIGHT 953 00:49:53,600 --> 00:49:55,240 SIDE ON THE PARTICULAR BAR. 954 00:49:55,240 --> 00:50:00,400 WHAT'S INTERESTING IS I LOOKED 955 00:50:00,400 --> 00:50:09,120 UP THE STUDY TO MEASURE BRAIN 956 00:50:09,120 --> 00:50:11,320 AGE IS QUITE COMPELLING AND IT 957 00:50:11,320 --> 00:50:21,240 WAS PUBLISHED IN 2018. 958 00:50:21,240 --> 00:50:22,680 AND USED A DEEP LEARNING 959 00:50:22,680 --> 00:50:26,000 PARADIGM AND IMAGING FROM A 960 00:50:26,000 --> 00:50:28,840 NUMBER OF PATIENTS AND PREDICTS 961 00:50:28,840 --> 00:50:30,360 CHRONOLOGICAL AGE FROM THE BRAIN 962 00:50:30,360 --> 00:50:32,840 IMAGING AGE. 963 00:50:32,840 --> 00:50:37,000 HERE THEY'RE USING THIS BRAIN 964 00:50:37,000 --> 00:50:39,680 IMAGING AGE AND THE DIFFERENCE 965 00:50:39,680 --> 00:50:42,280 BETWEEN THAT AND THE 966 00:50:42,280 --> 00:50:43,440 CHRONOLOGICAL AGE TO INDICATE 967 00:50:43,440 --> 00:50:46,480 THAT YOU'RE AGING MORE RAPIDLY 968 00:50:46,480 --> 00:50:48,160 IF YOU ARE A HEAVY DRINKER. 969 00:50:48,160 --> 00:50:49,360 THAT'S THE BOTTOM LINE. 970 00:50:49,360 --> 00:50:55,440 I THINK IT'S A CLEVER WAY OF 971 00:50:55,440 --> 00:50:57,760 SHOWING LET'S FACE IT YOUR 972 00:50:57,760 --> 00:51:00,080 BRAIN'S NOT DOING SO HOT IF 973 00:51:00,080 --> 00:51:01,600 YOU'RE DRINKING EXCESSIVELY 974 00:51:01,600 --> 00:51:05,000 ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU'RE OLDER. 975 00:51:05,000 --> 00:51:07,560 AND WE HAVE BEEN -- WE MADE 976 00:51:07,560 --> 00:51:09,640 QUITE A BIT OF AN ISSUE OF THIS 977 00:51:09,640 --> 00:51:14,640 OVER THE YEARS BUT IT IS AN AREA 978 00:51:14,640 --> 00:51:18,120 OF GREAT UNDER TO NIAA BECAUSE 979 00:51:18,120 --> 00:51:19,440 AGING BRINGS MANY OTHER ISSUES 980 00:51:19,440 --> 00:51:23,840 ON BOARD FROM MEDICATION 981 00:51:23,840 --> 00:51:24,800 INTERACTIONS TO PROBLEMS 982 00:51:24,800 --> 00:51:27,960 NAVIGATING THE WORLD IF YOU'RE 983 00:51:27,960 --> 00:51:30,360 INTOXICATED WHEN YOU'RE AGED AND 984 00:51:30,360 --> 00:51:32,440 BREAK HIP FOR FALLING OFF A 985 00:51:32,440 --> 00:51:34,200 LADDER OR BOAT AND BELIEVE IT OR 986 00:51:34,200 --> 00:51:44,760 NOT EVERY SUMMER WE HAVE TO DO A 987 00:51:45,200 --> 00:51:50,600 PRESS REMINDER ABOUT DRINKING 988 00:51:50,600 --> 00:51:57,720 AND WATER SPORTS IF YOU ADD IN 989 00:51:57,720 --> 00:52:00,520 AGING YOU'RE ADDING IN WHAT CAN 990 00:52:00,520 --> 00:52:01,720 POTENTIATE THE DELETERIOUS 991 00:52:01,720 --> 00:52:03,160 AFFECTS OF ALCOHOL AND I THINK 992 00:52:03,160 --> 00:52:06,240 BOTH STUDIES I HIGHLIGHTED TODAY 993 00:52:06,240 --> 00:52:08,920 ARE EMPHASIZING THERE ARE 994 00:52:08,920 --> 00:52:10,440 DEFINITE CHANGES OCCURRING IN 995 00:52:10,440 --> 00:52:13,240 HOW WE AGE WHEN WE ADD ALCOHOL 996 00:52:13,240 --> 00:52:14,640 TO THE MIX. 997 00:52:14,640 --> 00:52:15,360 THANK YOU VERY MUCH AND I THINK 998 00:52:15,360 --> 00:52:17,120 THAT'S ALL I PLAN TO COVER. 999 00:52:17,120 --> 00:52:18,280 I THINK THAT'S THE LAST SLIDE. 1000 00:52:18,280 --> 00:52:20,320 CAN WE HAVE THE THANK YOU. 1001 00:52:20,320 --> 00:52:23,280 I WANT TO THANK A LOT OF PEOPLE 1002 00:52:23,280 --> 00:52:25,720 ESPECIALLY LAURA LUNARDI WHO 1003 00:52:25,720 --> 00:52:27,920 HELPED ME WITH THE SLIDES AND 1004 00:52:27,920 --> 00:52:29,520 TORTURED HER TO SORT THROUGH THE 1005 00:52:29,520 --> 00:52:33,160 MORE DIFFICULT CONSTRUCTS AND 1006 00:52:33,160 --> 00:52:39,600 HOW DO I SAY THAT PROPERLY, LINH 1007 00:52:39,600 --> 00:52:50,280 AND JUDIT O'CONNOR AND LIZ ELIZH 1008 00:52:50,280 --> 00:52:52,640 POWELL AND PATRICIA POWELL AND 1009 00:52:52,640 --> 00:52:54,080 IT TAKES A VILLAGE. 1010 00:52:54,080 --> 00:52:54,680 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 1011 00:52:54,680 --> 00:52:56,600 I'LL OPEN IT UP TO COUNCIL 1012 00:52:56,600 --> 00:52:56,920 DISCUSSION. 1013 00:52:56,920 --> 00:52:58,240 I'M HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS OR 1014 00:52:58,240 --> 00:53:03,480 ANYTHING YOU WANT TO RAISE NOW. 1015 00:53:03,480 --> 00:53:09,520 I MENTIONED I WANTED TO ADD ON 1016 00:53:09,520 --> 00:53:14,240 TO MY TALK WE ARE -- WITH THE 1017 00:53:14,240 --> 00:53:17,560 HELP OF DAVID LOVINGER AND 1018 00:53:17,560 --> 00:53:21,040 OTHERS WE'LL BE INCREASING THE 1019 00:53:21,040 --> 00:53:22,680 STIPENDS FOR OUR INTRAMURAL 1020 00:53:22,680 --> 00:53:23,000 RESEARCHERS. 1021 00:53:23,000 --> 00:53:24,320 WE'RE NOT GIVING DETAILS BUT DO 1022 00:53:24,320 --> 00:53:28,120 YOU WANT TO MENTION THE GROUP 1023 00:53:28,120 --> 00:53:30,080 BEING COVERED AND WHAT ONE OF 1024 00:53:30,080 --> 00:53:32,120 OUR AIMS IS TO DO ULTIMATELY 1025 00:53:32,120 --> 00:53:42,440 WITHOUT THE NUMBERS? 1026 00:53:52,000 --> 00:53:57,360 >>THERE'S A HIGH COST OF LIVING 1027 00:53:57,360 --> 00:54:00,280 IN THE AREA AND WE ARE STIPEND 1028 00:54:00,280 --> 00:54:05,600 LEVELS FOR POST-BACCALAUREATE 1029 00:54:05,600 --> 00:54:08,400 FELLOWS AND THE PRE-DOCTORAL 1030 00:54:08,400 --> 00:54:09,760 FELLOWS THOSE IN GRADUATE SCHOOL 1031 00:54:09,760 --> 00:54:13,760 AND THE POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS IN 1032 00:54:13,760 --> 00:54:18,120 THE TIME BETWEEN THE Ph.D. AND 1033 00:54:18,120 --> 00:54:20,560 HOPEFULLY GETTING A PERMANENT 1034 00:54:20,560 --> 00:54:22,600 CAREER JOB, WE'RE FAIRLY LOW AND 1035 00:54:22,600 --> 00:54:27,160 THERE WERE EVEN PROBLEMS WITH 1036 00:54:27,160 --> 00:54:32,000 SOME OF THE POST-BACS ESPECIALLY 1037 00:54:32,000 --> 00:54:33,600 BE ABLE TO MAKE ENDS MEET AND 1038 00:54:33,600 --> 00:54:34,920 NIH AS A WHOLE THE SCIENTIFIC 1039 00:54:34,920 --> 00:54:36,920 DIRECTORS DECIDED IT WAS TIME TO 1040 00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:39,000 INCREASE THEIR STIPEND TO THE 1041 00:54:39,000 --> 00:54:40,560 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LEVEL AND 1042 00:54:40,560 --> 00:54:42,000 WE'VE NOW TAKEN CARE OF THAT AND 1043 00:54:42,000 --> 00:54:43,960 IT WILL BE DONE BY THE END OF 1044 00:54:43,960 --> 00:54:49,680 THIS FISCAL YEAR WHICH ENDS IN 1045 00:54:49,680 --> 00:54:59,840 SEPTEMBER. 1046 00:55:02,200 --> 00:55:12,520 >>ANYTHING I LEFT OUT? 1047 00:55:16,200 --> 00:55:18,280 >>I WANT TO REMIND PEOPLE TOO 1048 00:55:18,280 --> 00:55:19,760 IT'S A MATTER OF EQUITY WE 1049 00:55:19,760 --> 00:55:21,720 CONSIDER THE STIPENDS BECAUSE AT 1050 00:55:21,720 --> 00:55:24,840 THE SAME TIME WE'RE TRYING TO 1051 00:55:24,840 --> 00:55:26,000 BROADEN THE WORKFORCE TO 1052 00:55:26,000 --> 00:55:27,520 REPRESENT ALL PEOPLE. 1053 00:55:27,520 --> 00:55:33,240 WE DON'T WANT TO INADVERTENTLY 1054 00:55:33,240 --> 00:55:34,400 DISENFRANCHISE FOR KIDS WHOSE 1055 00:55:34,400 --> 00:55:35,440 PARENTS CAN SUPPORT THEM TO DO 1056 00:55:35,440 --> 00:55:36,000 THE WORK. 1057 00:55:36,000 --> 00:55:38,440 I WANTED TO ADD THAT AS WE 1058 00:55:38,440 --> 00:55:39,040 CONSIDER THIS IN THE BROADER 1059 00:55:39,040 --> 00:55:47,480 CONTEXT. 1060 00:55:47,480 --> 00:55:48,600 THAT WAS ONE OF OUR MAJOR 1061 00:55:48,600 --> 00:55:49,920 CONSIDERATIONS IN PARTICIPATING 1062 00:55:49,920 --> 00:55:50,560 AND OTHER INSTITUTES FEEL THE 1063 00:55:50,560 --> 00:56:00,000 SAME WAY. 1064 00:56:00,000 --> 00:56:00,240 COMMENTS? 1065 00:56:00,240 --> 00:56:02,560 >>I'M LOOKING AT INTEREST WITH 1066 00:56:02,560 --> 00:56:05,360 THE BUDGET PAGE AND QUICKLY 1067 00:56:05,360 --> 00:56:07,240 CALCULATING IT LOOKS LIKE SINCE 1068 00:56:07,240 --> 00:56:10,760 2014 THE BUDGET HAS INCREASED 1069 00:56:10,760 --> 00:56:13,680 APPROXIMATELY 30% BUT THE RPG 1070 00:56:13,680 --> 00:56:16,080 RATE IS SLOWER AT 10%. 1071 00:56:16,080 --> 00:56:17,920 I WONDER IF YOU COULD ELABORATE 1072 00:56:17,920 --> 00:56:21,600 AS TO SOME OF THE THINGS THAT GO 1073 00:56:21,600 --> 00:56:24,080 INTO THE SLOWER RATE OF RPGs 1074 00:56:24,080 --> 00:56:26,040 BEING FUNDED. 1075 00:56:26,040 --> 00:56:28,320 >>SO I DON'T HAVE ANY NUMBERS 1076 00:56:28,320 --> 00:56:31,920 TO ANSWER IT WITH BUT I WOULD 1077 00:56:31,920 --> 00:56:33,760 SAY INFLATION HAS BEEN A 1078 00:56:33,760 --> 00:56:34,160 COMPONENT. 1079 00:56:34,160 --> 00:56:37,520 AND SO THE COST OF DOING 1080 00:56:37,520 --> 00:56:41,000 RESEARCH HAS BEEN GOING UP. 1081 00:56:41,000 --> 00:56:42,640 THERE'S BEEN A TENDENCY I THINK 1082 00:56:42,640 --> 00:56:45,280 WE LOOKED AT IN OUR DIVISIONS 1083 00:56:45,280 --> 00:56:49,360 FOR GRANTEES TO ACTUALLY ASK FOR 1084 00:56:49,360 --> 00:56:49,880 MORE MONEY. 1085 00:56:49,880 --> 00:56:52,200 AND SO THE GRANTS ARE LARGER. 1086 00:56:52,200 --> 00:56:54,520 SO THOSE ARE TWO FACTORS I CAN 1087 00:56:54,520 --> 00:56:59,000 THINK OFF THE TOP OF MY HEAD. 1088 00:56:59,000 --> 00:57:00,840 COST OF HAS GONE UP NOT ONLY 1089 00:57:00,840 --> 00:57:06,120 BECAUSE OF INFLATION BUT BECAUSE 1090 00:57:06,120 --> 00:57:09,680 OF I'LL GIVE YOU ONE CONCRETE 1091 00:57:09,680 --> 00:57:12,920 EXAMPLE I'M IN FAVOR OF BUT WE 1092 00:57:12,920 --> 00:57:15,640 KNEW IT WOULD HAPPEN WHEN YOU'RE 1093 00:57:15,640 --> 00:57:17,320 DOING MALE AND FEMALE ANIMALS IT 1094 00:57:17,320 --> 00:57:19,800 TAKES MORE ANIMALS. 1095 00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:30,280 THAT'S ONE CONCRETE EXAMPLE. 1096 00:57:30,960 --> 00:57:32,960 I DON'T THINK WE SHOULD NOT TAKE 1097 00:57:32,960 --> 00:57:34,920 A STEP BACK AND WE'RE TRYING TO 1098 00:57:34,920 --> 00:57:36,200 INDICATE AND WE'LL CONTINUE TO 1099 00:57:36,200 --> 00:57:37,320 TRY WHEN WE DO THE HIGHLIGHTING 1100 00:57:37,320 --> 00:57:39,960 OF PAPERS, ALL THE PAPERS I 1101 00:57:39,960 --> 00:57:42,520 HIGHLIGHTED TODAY WERE USING 1102 00:57:42,520 --> 00:57:44,520 BOTH MALE AND FEMALES, IF I 1103 00:57:44,520 --> 00:57:45,840 RECALL CORRECTLY. 1104 00:57:45,840 --> 00:57:47,680 FEMALE ANIMALS. 1105 00:57:47,680 --> 00:57:57,400 I THINK THAT'S ANOTHER ISSUE. 1106 00:57:57,400 --> 00:57:57,800 CATHY. 1107 00:57:57,800 --> 00:58:06,000 >>I WONDER IF THERE MAY BE AN 1108 00:58:06,000 --> 00:58:07,520 APPARENT LAG BECAUSE THERE'S A 1109 00:58:07,520 --> 00:58:10,240 COMMITMENT TO ALL THE MONEY AND 1110 00:58:10,240 --> 00:58:13,200 THE NUMBER OF RO1s HAS INCREASED 1111 00:58:13,200 --> 00:58:15,880 A BIT EVERY YEAR AND WONDER IF 1112 00:58:15,880 --> 00:58:17,880 THAT PLAYS INTO THE APPARENT LAG 1113 00:58:17,880 --> 00:58:18,480 IN THE INCREASE OF NUMBER OF 1114 00:58:18,480 --> 00:58:28,640 GRANTS. 1115 00:58:32,400 --> 00:58:42,360 SOME FACTORS IMPACTED THE RO1. 1116 00:58:42,360 --> 00:58:44,720 WE ARE TRYING TO KEEP GRANTS 1117 00:58:44,720 --> 00:58:48,440 WITHIN A REASONABLE RANGE SO WE 1118 00:58:48,440 --> 00:58:50,320 CAN CONTINUE TO FUND EARLY STAGE 1119 00:58:50,320 --> 00:58:52,480 INVESTIGATORS AND WE'VE BEEN 1120 00:58:52,480 --> 00:58:54,960 CONTINUING TO FUND EARLY STAGE 1121 00:58:54,960 --> 00:58:56,120 INVESTIGATORS AT THE 25th 1122 00:58:56,120 --> 00:58:57,640 PERCENTILE AND WILL CONTINUE TO 1123 00:58:57,640 --> 00:58:59,280 DO SO AND I THINK WE MET IT AT 1124 00:58:59,280 --> 00:59:07,200 100%. 1125 00:59:07,200 --> 00:59:07,840 THAT'S ANOTHER FACTOR THAT COMES 1126 00:59:07,840 --> 00:59:18,160 INTO PLAY. 1127 00:59:18,160 --> 00:59:25,640 >>THE FIGURES YOU GAVE, 1128 00:59:25,640 --> 00:59:29,080 DR. KERIGAN IS IT FOR THE RPG? 1129 00:59:29,080 --> 00:59:31,680 WE'VE SEEN ANNASE IN1 1130 00:59:31,680 --> 00:59:32,000 APPLICATIONS. 1131 00:59:32,000 --> 00:59:42,160 TREMENDOUS INCREASE. 1132 00:59:42,160 --> 00:59:44,400 >>A COU MORE DETAILS. 1133 00:59:44,400 --> 00:59:47,720 GEORGE, YOU'VE HAD A SIGNIFICANT 1134 00:59:47,720 --> 00:59:49,040 EMPHASIS TO FUNDING ADDITIONAL 1135 00:59:49,040 --> 00:59:52,640 Ks TO INCREASE YOUNGER PEOPLE 1136 00:59:52,640 --> 00:59:56,600 AND ALSO WITH STAFF ONSITE 1137 00:59:56,600 --> 01:00:00,160 WE'VE HAD SIGNIFICANT INCREASE 1138 01:00:00,160 --> 01:00:02,840 COST IN SALARIES IN BENEFITS AND 1139 01:00:02,840 --> 01:00:04,120 HEALTH INSURANCE COSTS HAVE GONE 1140 01:00:04,120 --> 01:00:06,280 UP SIGNIFICANTLY AND OUR 1141 01:00:06,280 --> 01:00:11,840 OVERHEAD IN ASSESSMENTS FROM NIH 1142 01:00:11,840 --> 01:00:14,720 HAVE GONE UP AS WELLWE 1143 01:00:14,720 --> 01:00:22,760 >>THOSE ARE COULD TAPS. 1144 01:00:22,760 --> 01:00:26,080 IT WOULD INCLUDE R21s AND RPGs 1145 01:00:26,080 --> 01:00:28,000 ONLY REPRESENT A PORTION THE 1146 01:00:28,000 --> 01:00:30,360 GREATEST PORTION AND THERE'S 1147 01:00:30,360 --> 01:00:37,280 OTHER FACTOR GO INTO OUR BUDGET 1148 01:00:37,280 --> 01:00:47,400 AS WELL. 1149 01:00:48,640 --> 01:00:53,880 >>ONE THING I'LL MENTION AGAIN 1150 01:00:53,880 --> 01:00:58,400 AND YOU HAVE A BETTER SUCCESS 1151 01:00:58,400 --> 01:01:01,760 RATE OF PUTTING IN AN R10 THAN 1152 01:01:01,760 --> 01:01:03,680 R21 AT NIAA. 1153 01:01:03,680 --> 01:01:07,120 THE PURPOSE OF R21s THE WAY WE 1154 01:01:07,120 --> 01:01:10,280 USE THEM AND REVIEW THEM 1155 01:01:10,280 --> 01:01:11,080 IN-HOUSE AND THAT'S ONE OF THE 1156 01:01:11,080 --> 01:01:13,920 REASONS WE REVIEW THEM IN HOUSE 1157 01:01:13,920 --> 01:01:17,600 IS BECAUSE THEY ARE SUPPOSED TO 1158 01:01:17,600 --> 01:01:23,400 BE UTILIZED TO DEVELOP DATA 1159 01:01:23,400 --> 01:01:25,560 FRAMEWORK FOR SUBMITTING AN R01. 1160 01:01:25,560 --> 01:01:28,880 THAT'S THE USE OF R21s FOR NIAA. 1161 01:01:28,880 --> 01:01:30,600 WHAT WE DON'T WANT THEM USED FOR 1162 01:01:30,600 --> 01:01:37,200 IS BRIDGING FOR LACK OF FUNDING. 1163 01:01:37,200 --> 01:01:40,000 BELIEVE ME I WAS IN THE REAL 1164 01:01:40,000 --> 01:01:41,280 WORLD 40 YEARS WRITING GRANTS SO 1165 01:01:41,280 --> 01:01:46,680 I KNOW ALL THE TRICKS. 1166 01:01:46,680 --> 01:01:49,480 I THINK YOU'RE BETTER OFF 1167 01:01:49,480 --> 01:01:53,040 WRITING AN RO1 IF YOU HAVE 1168 01:01:53,040 --> 01:01:55,720 ENOUGH PRELIMINARY DATA AND A 1169 01:01:55,720 --> 01:01:57,040 PLAN FOR FUTURE WORK THAT 1170 01:01:57,040 --> 01:01:59,040 ENTITLED THREE TO FIVE YEARS OF 1171 01:01:59,040 --> 01:02:01,160 WORK AND THEN DOING AN R21. 1172 01:02:01,160 --> 01:02:02,960 SOMETHING I WANTED TO MENTION 1173 01:02:02,960 --> 01:02:04,560 WHICH I MENTIONED ON A REGULAR 1174 01:02:04,560 --> 01:02:12,800 BASIS. 1175 01:02:12,800 --> 01:02:14,960 OTHER THOUGHTS OR QUESTIONS? 1176 01:02:14,960 --> 01:02:19,200 TO MY KNOWLEDGE WE HAVEN'T 1177 01:02:19,200 --> 01:02:25,160 EMBARKED ON ANY LARGE SCALE 1178 01:02:25,160 --> 01:02:28,560 ANCILLARY PROGRAMS. 1179 01:02:28,560 --> 01:02:31,080 OUR CENTERS PROGRAM WE HAVEN'T 1180 01:02:31,080 --> 01:02:36,840 ADDED MANY IN MY TENURE AND 1181 01:02:36,840 --> 01:02:39,960 THEY'RE CAPPED AND SHOWING THE 1182 01:02:39,960 --> 01:02:43,840 STRAIN BECAUSE IT'S THE SAME CAP 1183 01:02:43,840 --> 01:02:48,000 FROM 1977. 1184 01:02:48,000 --> 01:02:55,280 IF YOU CAN WHAT 2 MILLION DOES 1185 01:02:55,280 --> 01:03:00,400 IN 1977 COMPARED TO 2023 YOU CAN 1186 01:03:00,400 --> 01:03:05,200 SEE WHERE WE'RE AT. 1187 01:03:05,200 --> 01:03:07,160 AND TOGETHER WE TRIED TO HAVE 1188 01:03:07,160 --> 01:03:14,120 THE CENTERS FOCUS ON A GIVEN 1189 01:03:14,120 --> 01:03:15,400 AREA LIKE MICROBIOME AND THINGS 1190 01:03:15,400 --> 01:03:16,960 OF THAT NATURE AND IT'S WORKED 1191 01:03:16,960 --> 01:03:19,920 OUT WELL BECAUSE THEY FORMED A 1192 01:03:19,920 --> 01:03:21,760 VERY GOOD CRITICAL MASS FOR 1193 01:03:21,760 --> 01:03:23,360 GIVING REGIONAL AREA IN THE 1194 01:03:23,360 --> 01:03:24,760 UNITED STATES AND BRING IN NEW 1195 01:03:24,760 --> 01:03:25,360 MEMBERS AND NEW PEOPLE TO THE 1196 01:03:25,360 --> 01:03:31,320 FIELD. 1197 01:03:31,320 --> 01:03:32,320 ONE OF REASONS WE CONTINUE OUR 1198 01:03:32,320 --> 01:03:36,720 CENTERS PROGRAM. 1199 01:03:36,720 --> 01:03:37,720 ANY OTHER THOUGHTS OR QUESTIONS? 1200 01:03:37,720 --> 01:03:39,560 FEEL FREE, PLEASE. 1201 01:03:39,560 --> 01:03:45,200 EVEN THOSE ONLINE RAISE YOUR 1202 01:03:45,200 --> 01:03:52,640 HAND LAURA O'DELL YOU'RE GONNA 1203 01:03:52,640 --> 01:03:56,040 MAKE SURE WE STAY ON COURSE WITH 1204 01:03:56,040 --> 01:03:58,000 MALES VERSUS FEMALES. 1205 01:03:58,000 --> 01:04:06,120 >>THE FIRST DATA SET YOU SHOWED 1206 01:04:06,120 --> 01:04:12,360 WITH HIV AND DRINKING AND I 1207 01:04:12,360 --> 01:04:17,280 DIDN'T SEE IT DISAGGREGATED BY 1208 01:04:17,280 --> 01:04:17,680 GENDER. 1209 01:04:17,680 --> 01:04:20,680 >>THERE WERE NO SEX DIFFERENCES 1210 01:04:20,680 --> 01:04:23,760 IN AND NO SEX BY DRUG 1211 01:04:23,760 --> 01:04:29,200 INTERACTIONS AS I RECALL FROM 1212 01:04:29,200 --> 01:04:32,280 THE RESULTS. 1213 01:04:32,280 --> 01:04:33,520 THEY WERE POOLED IN THE GRAPHS 1214 01:04:33,520 --> 01:04:34,280 AS FAR AS I REMEMBER. 1215 01:04:34,280 --> 01:04:36,560 WHEN I PUBLISHED A PAPER AND 1216 01:04:36,560 --> 01:04:39,080 PROBABLY WHAT YOU'RE TALKING 1217 01:04:39,080 --> 01:04:44,280 ABOUT WE PUT THE SYMBOL FOR A 1218 01:04:44,280 --> 01:04:45,840 MALE AND FEEL ON AGGREGATED DATA 1219 01:04:45,840 --> 01:04:48,480 SO PEOPLE CAN SEE THE OVERLAP OR 1220 01:04:48,480 --> 01:04:50,320 TENDENCY TO A DIFFERENCE 1221 01:04:50,320 --> 01:05:00,800 STARTING TO MANIFEST ITSELF. 1222 01:05:03,400 --> 01:05:04,640 AND WE RECOMMEND YOU DO BOTH AND 1223 01:05:04,640 --> 01:05:07,600 IF THERE'S A HINT YOU CAN DO A 1224 01:05:07,600 --> 01:05:09,200 SECOND STUDY AND POWER IT FOR 1225 01:05:09,200 --> 01:05:12,600 LOOKING AT DIFFERENCES. 1226 01:05:12,600 --> 01:05:13,360 SHOWING DISTRIBUTION IS A GOOD 1227 01:05:13,360 --> 01:05:19,800 IDEA. 1228 01:05:19,800 --> 01:05:21,640 NEEDLESS TO SAY I DIDN'T REVIEW 1229 01:05:21,640 --> 01:05:22,600 THE PAPER. 1230 01:05:22,600 --> 01:05:23,240 >>HAVE YOU A GREAT MEMORY. 1231 01:05:23,240 --> 01:05:31,920 THANK YOU. 1232 01:05:31,920 --> 01:05:34,000 I'VE CHALLENGED LAURA TO TAKE 1233 01:05:34,000 --> 01:05:36,240 JILL BECKER'S PLACE IN MAKING 1234 01:05:36,240 --> 01:05:38,320 SURE WE DON'T FORGET ABOUT 1235 01:05:38,320 --> 01:05:41,200 GENDER SEX DIFFERENCES IN OUR 1236 01:05:41,200 --> 01:05:51,360 RESEARCH. 1237 01:05:53,600 --> 01:05:56,200 >>NOT ONLY DEALING WITH GENDER 1238 01:05:56,200 --> 01:06:00,640 SEX DIFFERENCES BUT RACE AND 1239 01:06:00,640 --> 01:06:07,040 ETHNICITY DIFFERENCES IN LGBT 1240 01:06:07,040 --> 01:06:08,320 DIFFERENCES AS MUCH AS WE CAN I 1241 01:06:08,320 --> 01:06:09,680 KNOW IT'S NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE 1242 01:06:09,680 --> 01:06:10,600 BUT SHOULD BE FOREMOST IN THE 1243 01:06:10,600 --> 01:06:20,280 AGENDA. 1244 01:06:20,280 --> 01:06:26,000 I LOOKED AT GENDER AND AGE AND 1245 01:06:26,000 --> 01:06:28,000 WHILE I FOUND NO PROTECTIVE 1246 01:06:28,000 --> 01:06:29,840 EFFECTS I DIDN'T FIND HARMFUL 1247 01:06:29,840 --> 01:06:36,320 EFFECTS TO LIGHT AND MODERATE 1248 01:06:36,320 --> 01:06:39,640 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IT SPOKES TO 1249 01:06:39,640 --> 01:06:42,720 THE NEGATIVE BUT DIDN'T SPEAK TO 1250 01:06:42,720 --> 01:06:45,200 THE FIGHT THAT LIGHT TO MODERATE 1251 01:06:45,200 --> 01:06:48,480 DRINKING IS NOT INHERENTLY TOXIC 1252 01:06:48,480 --> 01:06:54,920 AND IT'S HEAVY DRINKERS, FORMER 1253 01:06:54,920 --> 01:07:00,400 DRINKERS WHO ARE MOST IMPORTANT 1254 01:07:00,400 --> 01:07:06,200 TO THE DISCUSSION. 1255 01:07:06,200 --> 01:07:10,400 IT'S CLEAR PEOPLE LOOK FOR 1256 01:07:10,400 --> 01:07:11,960 SOLUTIONS OR SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 1257 01:07:11,960 --> 01:07:12,200 COMPLEX. 1258 01:07:12,200 --> 01:07:19,040 >>POINT WELL TAKEN. 1259 01:07:19,040 --> 01:07:20,680 THE CONTROVERSY STILL WIRLS 1260 01:07:20,680 --> 01:07:21,880 WHETHER THERE'S BENEFICIAL 1261 01:07:21,880 --> 01:07:32,440 EFFECTS TO ALCOHOL AT LOW DOSES. 1262 01:07:35,160 --> 01:07:41,680 PAPERS LEAN TOWARDS THE J SHAPED 1263 01:07:41,680 --> 01:07:48,760 CURVE FOR LOW DRINKERS COMPARED 1264 01:07:48,760 --> 01:07:59,080 TO DRINKING MORE. 1265 01:08:01,960 --> 01:08:03,400 >>WHAT'S THE PHRASE I LIKED? 1266 01:08:03,400 --> 01:08:06,640 >>IT'S NOT MODERATE DRINKING 1267 01:08:06,640 --> 01:08:09,600 THAT'S HEALTHY IT'S THE MODERATE 1268 01:08:09,600 --> 01:08:10,600 DRINKERS. 1269 01:08:10,600 --> 01:08:11,960 WHAT'S CLEAR IS PEOPLE ARE ABLE 1270 01:08:11,960 --> 01:08:14,960 TO AFFORD ALCOHOL ON A REGULAR 1271 01:08:14,960 --> 01:08:16,800 BASIS AND REGULATE THEIR 1272 01:08:16,800 --> 01:08:18,480 CONSUMPTION, SOMEBODY WHO CAN 1273 01:08:18,480 --> 01:08:23,520 HAVE A GLASS OF WINE WITH DINNER 1274 01:08:23,520 --> 01:08:27,880 OR ONE BEER IN AN EVENING ARE 1275 01:08:27,880 --> 01:08:29,480 JUST DIFFERENT PEOPLE. 1276 01:08:29,480 --> 01:08:31,040 THEY EXERCISE MORE AND EAT MORE 1277 01:08:31,040 --> 01:08:32,840 VEGETABLES AND GO TO THEIR 1278 01:08:32,840 --> 01:08:36,160 DOCTOR MORE AND MAKE MORE MONEY 1279 01:08:36,160 --> 01:08:37,760 AND HAVE BETTER EDUCATION. 1280 01:08:37,760 --> 01:08:41,080 WHEN YOU USE THE CONTROL GROUP 1281 01:08:41,080 --> 01:08:43,560 LIGHT DRINKERS INSTEAD OF THE 1282 01:08:43,560 --> 01:08:45,000 NON-DRINKERS WHO HAS A WHOLE 1283 01:08:45,000 --> 01:08:47,760 TEND NOT TO BE TERRIBLY HEALTHY 1284 01:08:47,760 --> 01:08:49,480 WHEN YOU USE LIGHT DRINKERS AS A 1285 01:08:49,480 --> 01:08:53,760 CONTROL AND ADJUST FOR BMI AND 1286 01:08:53,760 --> 01:08:54,840 SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS AND THOSE 1287 01:08:54,840 --> 01:08:56,840 SORTS OF THINGS, THE AFFECTS 1288 01:08:56,840 --> 01:09:01,120 WHAT LOOK LIKE BENEFICIAL OF LOW 1289 01:09:01,120 --> 01:09:05,200 DOSES ALMOST ENTIRELY DISAPPEARS 1290 01:09:05,200 --> 01:09:09,200 WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE 1291 01:09:09,200 --> 01:09:10,960 STUBBORN FINDING OF HEART ATTACK 1292 01:09:10,960 --> 01:09:13,840 REDUCTION AT LOW DOSES AND 1293 01:09:13,840 --> 01:09:16,360 ADDING THE OVER ALL RISK IS NO 1294 01:09:16,360 --> 01:09:17,360 BENEFIT AND THE RISK OF HARM 1295 01:09:17,360 --> 01:09:20,520 START AT A DRINK FOR LESS PER 1296 01:09:20,520 --> 01:09:21,280 DAY DEPENDING ON WHAT OUTCOME 1297 01:09:21,280 --> 01:09:31,720 MEASURE YOU'RE LOOKING AT. 1298 01:09:36,400 --> 01:09:39,120 >>GOOD DISCUSSION THIS MORN. 1299 01:09:39,120 --> 01:09:44,600 I WANTED TO HEAR MORE ABOUT THE 1300 01:09:44,600 --> 01:09:47,880 PRE ADDICTION CONCEPT THERE'S 1301 01:09:47,880 --> 01:09:49,840 CONCERN ABOUT ADDICTION FURTHER 1302 01:09:49,840 --> 01:09:54,680 STIGMATIZING HEALTH BEHAVIOR. 1303 01:09:54,680 --> 01:09:56,960 I'M CURIOUS OF THE PROCESS FOR 1304 01:09:56,960 --> 01:09:59,240 THAT RFI AND HOW MANY COMMENTS 1305 01:09:59,240 --> 01:10:03,520 THAT RECEIVED OR THE ISSUE OF 1306 01:10:03,520 --> 01:10:08,600 INCREASING STIGMA WILL BE 1307 01:10:08,600 --> 01:10:09,280 CONSIDERED IN THAT PROCESS. 1308 01:10:09,280 --> 01:10:19,280 >>THE ANSWER IS I DON'T KNOW. 1309 01:10:19,280 --> 01:10:25,440 THE ONE PART I CAN ADD IS THERE 1310 01:10:25,440 --> 01:10:35,760 WILL BE A PANEL. 1311 01:10:38,680 --> 01:10:46,960 THERE'S BEEN PUSHBACK FROM ASSAM 1312 01:10:46,960 --> 01:10:53,000 I'M NOT SURE WHY THEY DON'T LIKE 1313 01:10:53,000 --> 01:10:55,240 THE CONSTRUCT AND BRIDGET CAN 1314 01:10:55,240 --> 01:10:57,720 SPEAK TO THE RFI PROCESS AND WE 1315 01:10:57,720 --> 01:11:00,120 CAN LOOK AT COMMENTS AND SEE 1316 01:11:00,120 --> 01:11:01,000 WHERE IT'S AT. 1317 01:11:01,000 --> 01:11:05,600 IT WAS A COMMENTARY AND PROPOSAL 1318 01:11:05,600 --> 01:11:08,280 BUT IF WE GET TOO MANY TOMATOES 1319 01:11:08,280 --> 01:11:09,640 THROWN AT US WE MAY HAVE TO 1320 01:11:09,640 --> 01:11:13,320 ADJUST IT. 1321 01:11:13,320 --> 01:11:16,000 >>I WANTED TO SPEAK TO THE 1322 01:11:16,000 --> 01:11:16,240 PROCESS. 1323 01:11:16,240 --> 01:11:19,360 I BELIEVE 80 RESPONSES WERE IN 1324 01:11:19,360 --> 01:11:26,600 OUR BRANCH AND NIDA BRANCH AND 1325 01:11:26,600 --> 01:11:28,520 WE'LL LOOK AT THOSE AND FORM A 1326 01:11:28,520 --> 01:11:31,840 REPORT AND SHARE THE REPORT. 1327 01:11:31,840 --> 01:11:40,600 STAY TUNED. 1328 01:11:40,600 --> 01:11:43,240 >>DO WE NEED A BETTER OR 1329 01:11:43,240 --> 01:11:43,720 DIFFERENT WORD? 1330 01:11:43,720 --> 01:11:49,480 WE WANT TO CAPTURE EARLY ONSET 1331 01:11:49,480 --> 01:11:51,320 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND MAYBE 1332 01:11:51,320 --> 01:11:52,400 WE'LL HAVE TO SWITCH TO 1333 01:11:52,400 --> 01:11:55,160 TERMINOLOGY LIKE THAT AND A LOT 1334 01:11:55,160 --> 01:11:58,400 OF THESE METRICS THAT INVOLVE 1335 01:11:58,400 --> 01:12:03,360 HUMAN BEINGS THE END IS USUALLY 1336 01:12:03,360 --> 01:12:04,640 TOO SMALL TO FIGURE OUT 1337 01:12:04,640 --> 01:12:09,920 DIFFERENT RACE AND CULTURES AND 1338 01:12:09,920 --> 01:12:11,560 SO FORTH. 1339 01:12:11,560 --> 01:12:12,840 AS DATA ACCUMULATES MAYBE WE'LL 1340 01:12:12,840 --> 01:12:14,760 BE ABLE TO GET MORE OF THAT 1341 01:12:14,760 --> 01:12:17,200 INFORMATION AND I THINK IT 1342 01:12:17,200 --> 01:12:20,960 BEHOOVES US TO TRY AND ALSO 1343 01:12:20,960 --> 01:12:22,880 ANOTHER FACTOR IN I'M VERY MUCH 1344 01:12:22,880 --> 01:12:26,160 AWARE OF ARE THE METRICS WE'RE 1345 01:12:26,160 --> 01:12:33,360 USING ACTUALLY HAVING THE SAME 1346 01:12:33,360 --> 01:12:35,040 RECEIVER CURVES FOR DIFFERENT 1347 01:12:35,040 --> 01:12:39,120 CULTURES AND RACES. 1348 01:12:39,120 --> 01:12:42,960 IN OTHER WORDS, DOES BRAIN PAD 1349 01:12:42,960 --> 01:12:45,200 ACTUALLY WORK FOR AFRICAN 1350 01:12:45,200 --> 01:12:47,280 AMERICANS VERSUS WHITE ANGLO 1351 01:12:47,280 --> 01:12:47,520 SAXONS? 1352 01:12:47,520 --> 01:12:49,640 I DON'T KNOW. 1353 01:12:49,640 --> 01:12:50,560 I DON'T KNOW IF THERE'S EVEN 1354 01:12:50,560 --> 01:12:53,200 ENOUGH DATA TO LOOK AT THAT BUT 1355 01:12:53,200 --> 01:12:54,240 SOMETHING WE SHOULD BE LOOKING 1356 01:12:54,240 --> 01:12:57,080 AT WITH ALL THE METRICS. 1357 01:12:57,080 --> 01:13:01,840 IT COULD HELP US IDENTIFY 1358 01:13:01,840 --> 01:13:05,200 VULNERABILITIES WE DON'T KNOW 1359 01:13:05,200 --> 01:13:05,400 ABOUT. 1360 01:13:05,400 --> 01:13:11,480 THAT'S AN IMPORTANT AREA. 1361 01:13:11,480 --> 01:13:13,160 OTHER QUESTIONS? 1362 01:13:13,160 --> 01:13:13,760 CHUCK. 1363 01:13:13,760 --> 01:13:17,480 >>A COMMENT ON THE PRE 1364 01:13:17,480 --> 01:13:17,760 ADDICTION. 1365 01:13:17,760 --> 01:13:20,840 I DID NOT GIVE A COMMENT THROUGH 1366 01:13:20,840 --> 01:13:23,240 THE FORMAL CHANNELS BUT SINCE 1367 01:13:23,240 --> 01:13:24,600 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT IT I HAVE 1368 01:13:24,600 --> 01:13:27,480 CITED THE ARTICLE A NUMBER OF 1369 01:13:27,480 --> 01:13:28,840 TIMES AS I TALKED ABOUT SEVERAL 1370 01:13:28,840 --> 01:13:34,120 TIMES IN THESE FORUMS. 1371 01:13:34,120 --> 01:13:35,920 HISTORICALLY THE MILITARY 1372 01:13:35,920 --> 01:13:38,600 SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS WERE 1373 01:13:38,600 --> 01:13:40,600 SET UP TO CONTROL, TO GIVE THE 1374 01:13:40,600 --> 01:13:51,040 COMMANDER A MEANS OF CONTROLLING 1375 01:13:51,040 --> 01:13:53,040 SUBSTANCE USE PROBLEMS IN THEIR 1376 01:13:53,040 --> 01:13:55,840 RANK AND IT REMAINED ABOUT 1377 01:13:55,840 --> 01:13:57,200 CONTROL AND THE WAY OUR PROGRAMS 1378 01:13:57,200 --> 01:14:00,280 WERE COULD BE FIGURED AND WE 1379 01:14:00,280 --> 01:14:02,440 WERE FINALLY ABLE TO GET INSTEAD 1380 01:14:02,440 --> 01:14:06,440 OF A MANDATORY PANEL WAY WHERE 1381 01:14:06,440 --> 01:14:09,200 THE COMMANDER IS THE SOLDIER'S 1382 01:14:09,200 --> 01:14:13,240 LEGAL AUTHORITY BEING INVOLVED 1383 01:14:13,240 --> 01:14:15,480 IN EVERY CASE ALSO GET A 1384 01:14:15,480 --> 01:14:19,000 TRADITIONAL CLINICAL PATHWAY. 1385 01:14:19,000 --> 01:14:21,600 THE MILITARY HAD COURT-ORDERED 1386 01:14:21,600 --> 01:14:23,600 TREATMENT FOR EVERYBODY. 1387 01:14:23,600 --> 01:14:29,360 THERE WASN'T A CORPS JUST THE 1388 01:14:29,360 --> 01:14:31,720 COMMANDER THAT WAS INVOLVED AS 1389 01:14:31,720 --> 01:14:36,920 120 SOLDIERS ROUGHLY BUT WAS A 1390 01:14:36,920 --> 01:14:41,520 BIG DETERRENT THE FOLKS WERE 1391 01:14:41,520 --> 01:14:43,840 ENTERED IN A PERSONNEL DATABASE 1392 01:14:43,840 --> 01:14:50,960 AND PEOPLE WOULD HESITATE TO 1393 01:14:50,960 --> 01:14:54,280 REFER A SOLDIER BECAUSE I MAY 1394 01:14:54,280 --> 01:14:55,560 HURT THIS GOOD SOLDIER'S CAREER. 1395 01:14:55,560 --> 01:14:59,280 WE IMPLEMENTED VOLUNTARY CARE 1396 01:14:59,280 --> 01:15:03,840 AND NOW FULLY A THIRD OF OUR, 1397 01:15:03,840 --> 01:15:06,480 40% OF OUR FOLKS ARE UNDER THAT 1398 01:15:06,480 --> 01:15:09,200 PROGRAM AND IT'S CHANGE THE 1399 01:15:09,200 --> 01:15:10,080 ECONOMY. 1400 01:15:10,080 --> 01:15:11,680 INSTEAD OF SOMEBODY SITTING 1401 01:15:11,680 --> 01:15:13,360 THERE SAYING WELL, HE MIGHT HAVE 1402 01:15:13,360 --> 01:15:19,160 A DINK -- DRINKING PROBLEM AND I 1403 01:15:19,160 --> 01:15:21,800 DON'T WANT TO HURT HIS CAREER, 1404 01:15:21,800 --> 01:15:23,960 WE SAY THIS GUY MIGHT HAVE A 1405 01:15:23,960 --> 01:15:25,400 DRINKING PROBLEM WE BETTER GET 1406 01:15:25,400 --> 01:15:28,840 HIM OVER THERE BEFORE HE HAS A 1407 01:15:28,840 --> 01:15:31,160 DUI, DRUNK IN THE BARRACKS. 1408 01:15:31,160 --> 01:15:36,840 I'M USING YOUNG MALE 1409 01:15:36,840 --> 01:15:42,000 PRONOUNS BUT IT'S STILL EARLY IN 1410 01:15:42,000 --> 01:15:42,840 THE GAME. 1411 01:15:42,840 --> 01:15:44,440 COVID MESSED UP OUR ABILITY TO 1412 01:15:44,440 --> 01:15:46,840 GATHER DATA BGA IT'S BEEN A VERY 1413 01:15:46,840 --> 01:15:47,680 HELPFUL PROGRAM AND WELL 1414 01:15:47,680 --> 01:15:53,560 RECEIVED. 1415 01:15:53,560 --> 01:15:54,480 I WANTED TO MAKE A PLUG FOR THE 1416 01:15:54,480 --> 01:15:54,960 CONCEPT. 1417 01:15:54,960 --> 01:16:00,480 OVER. 1418 01:16:00,480 --> 01:16:01,880 >>I THINK IT'S GOING TO BE 1419 01:16:01,880 --> 01:16:04,120 INTERESTING TO GO THROUGH THE 1420 01:16:04,120 --> 01:16:05,040 RFI RESPONSES AND SEE WHAT WE 1421 01:16:05,040 --> 01:16:15,360 GET AND WFROM THERE. 1422 01:16:16,160 --> 01:16:23,920 NORAH WILL BE HERE TOMORROW AND 1423 01:16:23,920 --> 01:16:26,200 SO KEEP AN OPEN MIND AND THERE'S 1424 01:16:26,200 --> 01:16:30,160 NO ONE BETTER TO STIR THE POT 1425 01:16:30,160 --> 01:16:31,360 WITH THAN TOM McLELLAN. 1426 01:16:31,360 --> 01:16:32,800 WE HAVE TO THINK HARD ABOUT SOME 1427 01:16:32,800 --> 01:16:38,840 OF THESE THINGS. 1428 01:16:38,840 --> 01:16:49,400 TO QUOTE JOHN KELLY, WE HAVE AN 1429 01:16:52,280 --> 01:17:02,360 ENDEMIC ALCOHOL PROBLEM AND 1430 01:17:02,360 --> 01:17:02,760 PAN 1431 01:17:02,760 --> 01:17:08,160 WE'RE INURED WITH THIS AND IF 1432 01:17:08,160 --> 01:17:09,480 YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT THE WORD 1433 01:17:09,480 --> 01:17:11,200 MEANS, LOOK IT UP. 1434 01:17:11,200 --> 01:17:16,880 IN FULL DISCLOSURE MY MOTHER WAS 1435 01:17:16,880 --> 01:17:22,360 A PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND I'VE 1436 01:17:22,360 --> 01:17:28,800 TORTURED BRIDGET'S BRANCH TRYING 1437 01:17:28,800 --> 01:17:31,240 TO DESTROY SEMI COLONS FOR SOME 1438 01:17:31,240 --> 01:17:31,560 YEARS NOW. 1439 01:17:31,560 --> 01:17:33,960 >>I'LL SUBMIT A COMMENT BUT I 1440 01:17:33,960 --> 01:17:35,000 WANTED TO PUT IN A PLUGNT SAYIN 1441 01:17:35,000 --> 01:17:37,400 THE PRE ADDICTION MAY BE THE 1442 01:17:37,400 --> 01:17:37,960 WRONG TERM. 1443 01:17:37,960 --> 01:17:41,800 AND I THINK IT'S SO IMPORTANT IN 1444 01:17:41,800 --> 01:17:46,440 TERMS OF ADDRESSING WOMEN OF 1445 01:17:46,440 --> 01:17:50,600 REPRODUCTIVE AGE BECAUSE WE NEED 1446 01:17:50,600 --> 01:17:52,120 TO INTERVENE EARLIER IN THE LIFE 1447 01:17:52,120 --> 01:18:02,600 COURSE OF PROBLEM DRINKING. 1448 01:18:06,320 --> 01:18:09,080 AND THAT COULD BE FORGOTTEN IN 1449 01:18:09,080 --> 01:18:17,440 FASD DOMAIN 1450 01:18:17,440 --> 01:18:19,280 >>CHUCK, I THINK YOU FINISHED, 1451 01:18:19,280 --> 01:18:23,360 RIGHT? 1452 01:18:23,360 --> 01:18:26,720 >>WE HAVE EIGHT MINUTES LEFT 1453 01:18:26,720 --> 01:18:29,520 BEFORE WE ARE DEFINITELY GOING 1454 01:18:29,520 --> 01:18:30,800 TO BREAK. 1455 01:18:30,800 --> 01:18:32,520 DOES ANYONE ELSE HAVE THOUGHTS 1456 01:18:32,520 --> 01:18:34,040 OR COMMENTS, PLEASE? 1457 01:18:34,040 --> 01:18:36,160 WE HAD A FAIRLY ROBUST 1458 01:18:36,160 --> 01:18:36,520 DISCUSSION. 1459 01:18:36,520 --> 01:18:46,040 IS THERE ANYTHING ELSE? 1460 01:18:46,040 --> 01:18:50,920 I KEEP LOOKING AT MYSELF ON THE 1461 01:18:50,920 --> 01:18:52,360 SCREEN. 1462 01:18:52,360 --> 01:18:53,560 IT'S QUITE INTERESTING. 1463 01:18:53,560 --> 01:18:56,520 I FEEL LIKE A NARCISSIST LOOKING 1464 01:18:56,520 --> 01:19:03,080 INTO THE POOLS. 1465 01:19:03,080 --> 01:19:07,800 THE ISSUE OF HEALTHIER PEOPLE -- 1466 01:19:07,800 --> 01:19:10,440 NOT HEALTHIER PEOPLE BUT THE 1467 01:19:10,440 --> 01:19:12,640 ISSUE OF HEALTHIER PEOPLE BEING 1468 01:19:12,640 --> 01:19:16,120 BETTER OFF THAN NON-HEALTHIER 1469 01:19:16,120 --> 01:19:16,960 PEOPLE RAISES SIGNIFICANT EQUITY 1470 01:19:16,960 --> 01:19:18,440 ISSUES IN THE DISCUSSION. 1471 01:19:18,440 --> 01:19:24,480 IF YOU CAN GAIN BENEFIT FROM ONE 1472 01:19:24,480 --> 01:19:25,440 SOCIAL PRACTICE BECAUSE YOU ARE 1473 01:19:25,440 --> 01:19:28,680 MIDDLE CLASS AND HAVE ACCESS TO 1474 01:19:28,680 --> 01:19:31,040 RESOURCES AND DENY BENEFIT TO 1475 01:19:31,040 --> 01:19:33,040 THOSE NOT MIDDLE CLASS AND 1476 01:19:33,040 --> 01:19:37,080 SOMETHING WE LEARNED FROM COVID 1477 01:19:37,080 --> 01:19:42,000 IS WORE CREATING A PROBLEM HERE. 1478 01:19:42,000 --> 01:19:45,360 IT'S EASY TO LOOK AND DISTORT 1479 01:19:45,360 --> 01:19:48,560 THE DATA BASED ON SOCIO ECONOMIC 1480 01:19:48,560 --> 01:19:50,560 STATUS AND LOOKING AT PEOPLE OF 1481 01:19:50,560 --> 01:19:55,080 COLOR BEING DENIED ACCESS TO THE 1482 01:19:55,080 --> 01:19:57,600 PRIVILEGES OF SOCIETY OR 1483 01:19:57,600 --> 01:19:59,320 OPPORTUNITIES OF SOCIETY. 1484 01:19:59,320 --> 01:20:04,640 WE NEED TO BE CAREFUL. 1485 01:20:04,640 --> 01:20:08,280 AND WE TALKED ABOUT THE J CURVE 1486 01:20:08,280 --> 01:20:10,160 BEING COMPENSATED FOR BUT THE 1487 01:20:10,160 --> 01:20:12,480 DATA DID SHOW THERE WAS A J 1488 01:20:12,480 --> 01:20:16,520 CURVE FOR LOW TO MODERATE 1489 01:20:16,520 --> 01:20:17,960 DRINKING WITH REGARD TO 1490 01:20:17,960 --> 01:20:18,560 CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS BUT 1491 01:20:18,560 --> 01:20:23,160 FOLKSED ED -- FOCUSSED ON THE 1492 01:20:23,160 --> 01:20:25,480 NEGATIVE AND WE START TO LOSE A 1493 01:20:25,480 --> 01:20:28,320 COMMUNITY BECAUSE PEOPLE SEE 1494 01:20:28,320 --> 01:20:30,360 EMPIRICALLY AS WASASASNTED OUT 1495 01:20:30,360 --> 01:20:32,040 HEALTHIER PEOPLE HAVE GREATERE 1496 01:20:32,040 --> 01:20:34,120 LATITUDE IN THEIR SOCIAL 1497 01:20:34,120 --> 01:20:35,040 BEHAVIORS AND THAT CREATES 1498 01:20:35,040 --> 01:20:36,840 TENSION BETWEEN THOSE WHO HAVE 1499 01:20:36,840 --> 01:20:39,840 AND HAVE-NOT AND CALLED INTO 1500 01:20:39,840 --> 01:20:43,880 QUESTION THE LEGITIMACY OF THE 1501 01:20:43,880 --> 01:20:45,680 ACADEMIES AS OUR SUPREME COURT 1502 01:20:45,680 --> 01:20:47,240 IS DISCOVERING HOW THE BEHAVIOR 1503 01:20:47,240 --> 01:20:54,120 COULD BE SUSPECT AND CALLS INTO 1504 01:20:54,120 --> 01:20:55,360 QUESTION NEUTRAL AND WE NEED TO 1505 01:20:55,360 --> 01:20:58,040 BE CAREFUL PULLING IN THE BRAIN 1506 01:20:58,040 --> 01:21:03,760 PAD DATA AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITM 1507 01:21:03,760 --> 01:21:06,640 FOR DAILY DRINKING SHOWS THICKS 1508 01:21:06,640 --> 01:21:14,240 NEED TO BE PRES--NGS NEED TO BE 1509 01:21:14,240 --> 01:21:15,880 TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION FOR 1510 01:21:15,880 --> 01:21:21,800 EQUITY AND ISSUES. 1511 01:21:21,800 --> 01:21:23,560 >>ANY FURTHER THOUGHTS OR 1512 01:21:23,560 --> 01:21:29,200 COMMENTS? 1513 01:21:29,200 --> 01:21:34,120 >>DID YOU WANT TO COMMENT ON 1514 01:21:34,120 --> 01:21:36,440 WHAT WEST JUST SAID. 1515 01:21:36,440 --> 01:21:37,400 >>I'D LOVE TO. 1516 01:21:37,400 --> 01:21:38,080 GREAT COMMENTS. 1517 01:21:38,080 --> 01:21:40,640 I COULDN'T AGREE MORE. 1518 01:21:40,640 --> 01:21:43,120 IT'S A THING WHERE WHEN YOU 1519 01:21:43,120 --> 01:21:44,920 START PULLING ON THE THREADS YOU 1520 01:21:44,920 --> 01:21:46,880 REALIZE HOW MANY THREADS THERE 1521 01:21:46,880 --> 01:21:47,040 ARE. 1522 01:21:47,040 --> 01:21:49,120 AS DR. KOOB MENTIONED SOMETIMES 1523 01:21:49,120 --> 01:21:51,280 WE JUST DON'T HAVE THE DATA TO 1524 01:21:51,280 --> 01:21:53,960 LOOK AT THINGS BY SAY GENDER OR 1525 01:21:53,960 --> 01:21:54,720 SEXUAL IDENTITY BUT WE'RE 1526 01:21:54,720 --> 01:21:55,840 GETTING MORE DATA AND HAVE 1527 01:21:55,840 --> 01:21:58,360 LARGER STUDIES AND HAVE ENOUGH 1528 01:21:58,360 --> 01:21:59,520 DATA IN THE LARGE NATIONAL DATA 1529 01:21:59,520 --> 01:22:03,480 SETS TO AT LEAST PAINT A ROUGH 1530 01:22:03,480 --> 01:22:05,280 PICTURE OF WHAT'S IN THERE. 1531 01:22:05,280 --> 01:22:07,600 AND I COULDN'T AGREE MORE. 1532 01:22:07,600 --> 01:22:10,080 I'M GUILTY OF THIS MYSELF 1533 01:22:10,080 --> 01:22:13,000 BECAUSE I'VE BEEN STUDYING 1534 01:22:13,000 --> 01:22:15,520 ALCOHOL AND COLLEGE STUDENTS FOR 1535 01:22:15,520 --> 01:22:18,240 DECADES WHENEVER YOU PUT UP A 1536 01:22:18,240 --> 01:22:19,480 GRAPH WHERE THE TREND LINE IS 1537 01:22:19,480 --> 01:22:22,080 AGGREGATE DATA YOU'RE TELLING 1538 01:22:22,080 --> 01:22:24,280 THE STORY OF ONE GROUP REALLY 1539 01:22:24,280 --> 01:22:28,200 AND MOSTLY WHITE MALES BECAUSE 1540 01:22:28,200 --> 01:22:30,240 THEY TEND TO DRINK MORE ALCOHOL 1541 01:22:30,240 --> 01:22:31,880 AND LOOK AT THE AGGREGATE FOR 1542 01:22:31,880 --> 01:22:33,160 THE POPULATION YOU'RE REALLY 1543 01:22:33,160 --> 01:22:34,400 LOOKING AT THE TREND LINE FOR 1544 01:22:34,400 --> 01:22:38,680 THAT GROUP AND WHEN YOU START 1545 01:22:38,680 --> 01:22:40,000 TEASING A PART DIFFERENT GROUPS 1546 01:22:40,000 --> 01:22:41,520 YOU FIND THE TREND LINES MOVE IN 1547 01:22:41,520 --> 01:22:42,760 DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS AND 1548 01:22:42,760 --> 01:22:44,000 CONTRIBUTE TO THE AGGREGATE 1549 01:22:44,000 --> 01:22:44,520 NUMBER. 1550 01:22:44,520 --> 01:22:48,040 FOR INSTANCE IF WE LOOK AT DRUNK 1551 01:22:48,040 --> 01:22:49,400 DRIVING FATALITIES THEY'RE SMALL 1552 01:22:49,400 --> 01:22:50,720 DIFFERENCES BUT THEY'RE THERE. 1553 01:22:50,720 --> 01:22:52,400 IT'S BEEN A PRETTY MUCH A FLAT 1554 01:22:52,400 --> 01:22:54,880 LINE IN TERMS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED 1555 01:22:54,880 --> 01:22:56,560 TRAFFIC DEATHS BUT WHEN YOU 1556 01:22:56,560 --> 01:22:57,760 START BREAKING THE DATA A PART 1557 01:22:57,760 --> 01:23:00,240 YOU SEE THERE'S BEEN INCREASES 1558 01:23:00,240 --> 01:23:02,120 FOR BLACK MALES AND FEMALES, 1559 01:23:02,120 --> 01:23:04,160 DECREASES MOSTLY FOR WHITE MALES 1560 01:23:04,160 --> 01:23:05,480 WHICH MAKES THAT CURVE FLAT AND 1561 01:23:05,480 --> 01:23:07,880 SO AGAIN ONCE YOU START LOOKING 1562 01:23:07,880 --> 01:23:09,160 AT THESE THINGS YOU CAN NEVER 1563 01:23:09,160 --> 01:23:14,120 NOT LOOK AT THEM THAT WAY BUT 1564 01:23:14,120 --> 01:23:15,040 THERE'S SO MUCH TO FIGURE OUT. 1565 01:23:15,040 --> 01:23:23,360 I APPRECIATE YOUR COMMENTS. 1566 01:23:23,360 --> 01:23:25,600 BY THE WAY OUR NEW FACTS AND 1567 01:23:25,600 --> 01:23:27,000 STATUS PAGE HAS IT BROKEN DOWN 1568 01:23:27,000 --> 01:23:28,320 TO A MORE GRANULAR LEVEL THAN 1569 01:23:28,320 --> 01:23:37,080 THE PAST. 1570 01:23:37,080 --> 01:23:39,600 >>IF WE MADE A MISTAKE WE'LL 1571 01:23:39,600 --> 01:23:40,800 FIX IT OR WE'LL MAKE A MAJOR 1572 01:23:40,800 --> 01:23:50,720 EFFORT TO FIX IT. 1573 01:23:50,720 --> 01:23:52,840 BRIDGET, DO YOU WANT TO COMMENT 1574 01:23:52,840 --> 01:23:53,080 FURTHER? 1575 01:23:53,080 --> 01:23:55,080 >>IT GIVES US IDEA HOW TO 1576 01:23:55,080 --> 01:23:56,480 APPROACH THE DATA AND DIFFERENT 1577 01:23:56,480 --> 01:23:58,040 RESEARCH QUESTIONS TO THINK 1578 01:23:58,040 --> 01:23:58,720 ABOUT AND ASK AND DIFFERENT 1579 01:23:58,720 --> 01:24:04,120 EFFORTS AND AB -- ACTIVITIES. 1580 01:24:04,120 --> 01:24:06,520 ALL THIS HELPS TO INFORM US 1581 01:24:06,520 --> 01:24:08,840 WHICH IS OUR JOB SO THANK YOU. 1582 01:24:08,840 --> 01:24:09,360 >>OKAY. 1583 01:24:09,360 --> 01:24:11,880 SO THANKS EVERYONE FOR A GOOD 1584 01:24:11,880 --> 01:24:12,200 DISCUSSION. 1585 01:24:12,200 --> 01:24:14,640 AND WE'LL HAVE TIME PROBABLY 1586 01:24:14,640 --> 01:24:17,280 LATER FOR FURTHER DISCUSSION. 1587 01:24:17,280 --> 01:24:21,680 WE HAVE SOME GREAT TALKS COMING 1588 01:24:21,680 --> 01:24:25,840 UP FROM AS I ALREADY OUTLINED 1589 01:24:25,840 --> 01:24:29,840 KATIE WITKIEWITZ AND THEN FALK 1590 01:24:29,840 --> 01:24:32,400 LOHOFF WILL HAVE MORE AND HOPE I 1591 01:24:32,400 --> 01:24:35,000 SET THEM UP A LITTLE BIT AND 1592 01:24:35,000 --> 01:24:37,400 NONI BYRNES WILL TALK TO US FROM 1593 01:24:37,400 --> 01:24:39,560 CSR AND THAT SHOULD BE REALLY 1594 01:24:39,560 --> 01:24:40,920 EXCITING AND LOOKING FORWARD TO 1595 01:24:40,920 --> 01:24:41,280 THAT. 1596 01:24:41,280 --> 01:24:44,320 SHE'S DOING A REMARKABLE JOB IN 1597 01:24:44,320 --> 01:24:47,480 MY OPINION OF MOVING CSR INTO 1598 01:24:47,480 --> 01:24:48,720 WHATEVER CENTURY WE'RE IN. 1599 01:24:48,720 --> 01:24:52,080 I CAN NEVER FIGURE IT OUT. 1600 01:24:52,080 --> 01:24:55,840 IS IT THE 21st? 1601 01:24:55,840 --> 01:24:56,360 ALL RIGHT. 1602 01:24:56,360 --> 01:24:59,280 SO LET'S TAKE A BREAK AND WE'LL 1603 01:24:59,280 --> 01:25:05,200 SEE YOU ALL HERE AT 1:30. 1604 01:25:05,200 --> 01:25:07,040 >>IT'S A REAL PLEASURE TO 1605 01:25:07,040 --> 01:25:10,600 INTRODUCE A MEMBER OF COUNCIL, 1606 01:25:10,600 --> 01:25:14,360 DR. KATIE WITKIEWITZ GOING TO 1607 01:25:14,360 --> 01:25:16,040 TALK ABOUT HARM REDUCTION TO 1608 01:25:16,040 --> 01:25:17,480 RECOVERY AND DRINKING REDUCTIONS 1609 01:25:17,480 --> 01:25:20,160 AND PRECISION MEDICINE AS PART 1610 01:25:20,160 --> 01:25:21,640 OF A BROADER PUBLIC HEALTH 1611 01:25:21,640 --> 01:25:23,440 APPROACH TO REDUCE 1612 01:25:23,440 --> 01:25:24,160 ALCOHOL-RELATED HARM. 1613 01:25:24,160 --> 01:25:26,560 DR. WITKIEWITZ IS A 1614 01:25:26,560 --> 01:25:28,280 DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR OF PS 1615 01:25:28,280 --> 01:25:38,840 PSYCHIATRY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 1616 01:25:40,320 --> 01:25:42,720 ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO AND HEAD 1617 01:25:42,720 --> 01:25:44,920 OF THE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH LAB 1618 01:25:44,920 --> 01:25:47,120 AND RECOGNIZED NATIONALLY AND 1619 01:25:47,120 --> 01:25:51,040 INTERNATIONALLY FOR HER RESEARCH 1620 01:25:51,040 --> 01:25:54,680 IN THE ADDICTIONS FIELD IN HARM 1621 01:25:54,680 --> 01:25:57,160 REDUCTION AND MINDFUL -BASED 1622 01:25:57,160 --> 01:25:57,520 INTERVENTIONS. 1623 01:25:57,520 --> 01:25:59,520 SHE'S A FELLOW AND PAST 1624 01:25:59,520 --> 01:26:02,160 PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN 1625 01:26:02,160 --> 01:26:02,760 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 1626 01:26:02,760 --> 01:26:05,800 DIVISION 50 SOCIETY OF ADDICTION 1627 01:26:05,800 --> 01:26:08,200 PSYCHOLOGY. 1628 01:26:08,200 --> 01:26:11,040 EDITOR FOR THE JOURNAL OF 1629 01:26:11,040 --> 01:26:12,000 PSYCHOLOGY FOR ADDICTIVE 1630 01:26:12,000 --> 01:26:15,240 BEHAVIORS AND ON THE BOARD FOR 1631 01:26:15,240 --> 01:26:17,480 INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR 1632 01:26:17,480 --> 01:26:20,880 BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ON 1633 01:26:20,880 --> 01:26:22,920 ALCOHOLISM AND IS A NATIVE NEW 1634 01:26:22,920 --> 01:26:27,760 YORKER AND EARNED HER DEGREE IN 1635 01:26:27,760 --> 01:26:30,320 1999 AND EARNED HER MASTER'S 1636 01:26:30,320 --> 01:26:32,160 DEGREE IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 1637 01:26:32,160 --> 01:26:34,320 FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1638 01:26:34,320 --> 01:26:38,600 IN DECEMBER 2000 WITH A THESIS 1639 01:26:38,600 --> 01:26:39,400 ENTITLED APPLICATION OF 1640 01:26:39,400 --> 01:26:40,400 CATASTROPHE MODELS TO THE 1641 01:26:40,400 --> 01:26:42,640 RELAPSE PROCESS. 1642 01:26:42,640 --> 01:26:45,400 SHE EARNED HER Ph.D. IN CLINICAL 1643 01:26:45,400 --> 01:26:46,920 PSYCHOLOGY FROM THE UNIVERSITY 1644 01:26:46,920 --> 01:26:49,480 OF WASHINGTON IN JUNE, 2005 WITH 1645 01:26:49,480 --> 01:26:51,760 A MINOR IN QUANTITATIVE 1646 01:26:51,760 --> 01:26:53,680 PSYCHOLOGY WITH A DISSERTATION 1647 01:26:53,680 --> 01:26:55,560 ENTITLED PREDICTING ALCOHOL 1648 01:26:55,560 --> 01:26:57,720 RELAPSE USING NON-LINEAR 1649 01:26:57,720 --> 01:26:59,880 DYNAMICS AND GROWTH MIXTURE 1650 01:26:59,880 --> 01:27:00,120 MODELLING. 1651 01:27:00,120 --> 01:27:10,680 UNDER THE MENTORSHIP OF G.ALLEN 1652 01:27:11,400 --> 01:27:15,160 MARLAK AND HAS LEADERSHIP IN 1653 01:27:15,160 --> 01:27:18,040 ADDICTION PSYCHOLOGY FROM THE 1654 01:27:18,040 --> 01:27:21,080 SOCIETY OF ADDICTION PSYCHOLOGY 1655 01:27:21,080 --> 01:27:22,440 AND EARLY CAREER ACHIEVEMENT 1656 01:27:22,440 --> 01:27:24,160 AWARD FOR THE ASSOCIATION FROM 1657 01:27:24,160 --> 01:27:25,280 BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE 1658 01:27:25,280 --> 01:27:25,680 THERAPIES. 1659 01:27:25,680 --> 01:27:29,480 HER RECENT TRANSLATIONAL 1660 01:27:29,480 --> 01:27:33,880 IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES FOCUSSED 1661 01:27:33,880 --> 01:27:37,560 ON CLINICS USING TELEHEALTH 1662 01:27:37,560 --> 01:27:39,920 MODALITIES IN REAL-WORLD 1663 01:27:39,920 --> 01:27:40,920 SETTINGS AND ADAPTATIONS TO THE 1664 01:27:40,920 --> 01:27:42,600 NUMBER OF SESSIONS AND HOW 1665 01:27:42,600 --> 01:27:43,280 TREATMENT IS DELIVERED. 1666 01:27:43,280 --> 01:27:45,360 SHE'S CONDUCTED NUMEROUS 1667 01:27:45,360 --> 01:27:49,200 EMPIRICAL STUDIES ON THE 1668 01:27:49,200 --> 01:27:51,800 EFFICACY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF 1669 01:27:51,800 --> 01:27:54,440 TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR SUBSTANCE 1670 01:27:54,440 --> 01:27:56,280 USE DISORDERS AND FOLLOWING 1671 01:27:56,280 --> 01:27:57,440 ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE DISORDERS 1672 01:27:57,440 --> 01:27:59,960 AROUND MECHANISMS OF SUCCESSFUL 1673 01:27:59,960 --> 01:28:01,400 TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOLLOWING 1674 01:28:01,400 --> 01:28:02,080 TREATMENT AND ALSO INTERESTED IN 1675 01:28:02,080 --> 01:28:04,240 MENTAL HEALTH APPROACHES TO 1676 01:28:04,240 --> 01:28:07,360 REDUCE HARM TO REDUCE ALCOHOL 1677 01:28:07,360 --> 01:28:08,520 AND OTHER SUBSTANCE USE AS WELL 1678 01:28:08,520 --> 01:28:14,520 AS STUDYING POLICY AND HER 1679 01:28:14,520 --> 01:28:16,640 IMPACT FOCUSSED ON DEVELOPMENT 1680 01:28:16,640 --> 01:28:19,920 OF BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT FOR 1681 01:28:19,920 --> 01:28:21,000 ADDICTION AND CO-MORBID MENTAL 1682 01:28:21,000 --> 01:28:22,160 HEALTH AND PHYSICAL HEALTH 1683 01:28:22,160 --> 01:28:23,560 CONDITIONS. 1684 01:28:23,560 --> 01:28:25,080 MECHANISMS OF SUCCESSFUL 1685 01:28:25,080 --> 01:28:28,000 TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND PRECISION 1686 01:28:28,000 --> 01:28:29,640 MEDICINE APPROACHES TO 1687 01:28:29,640 --> 01:28:30,520 ADDICTION. 1688 01:28:30,520 --> 01:28:31,520 KATIE, IT'S ALL YOURS. 1689 01:28:31,520 --> 01:28:35,440 LOOKING FORWARD TO YOUR TALK. 1690 01:28:35,440 --> 01:28:36,880 >>EXCELLENT, THANK YOU SO MUCH, 1691 01:28:36,880 --> 01:28:37,480 DR. KOOB. 1692 01:28:37,480 --> 01:28:39,520 IT'S SUCH AN HONOR TO PRESENT TO 1693 01:28:39,520 --> 01:28:41,960 COUNCIL TODAY ALSO AN HONOR TO 1694 01:28:41,960 --> 01:28:44,360 BE ON COUNCIL AT THIS TIME UNDER 1695 01:28:44,360 --> 01:28:46,440 YOUR LEADERSHIP I'M EXCITED 1696 01:28:46,440 --> 01:28:49,040 ABOUT THE MANY DIRECTIONS NIAA 1697 01:28:49,040 --> 01:28:54,120 HAS BEEN TAKING WITH RESPECT TO 1698 01:28:54,120 --> 01:28:56,040 STIGMA AND HEALTH EQUITY HOPE TO 1699 01:28:56,040 --> 01:28:57,560 HAVE MORE CONVERSATIONS WITH THE 1700 01:28:57,560 --> 01:28:57,800 TALK. 1701 01:28:57,800 --> 01:28:58,720 I'LL JUMP IN. 1702 01:28:58,720 --> 01:28:59,840 I'LL BE TALKING ABOUT HARM 1703 01:28:59,840 --> 01:29:01,720 REDUCTION AND RECOVERY AS WELL 1704 01:29:01,720 --> 01:29:03,280 AS THROWING IN SOME OF OUR 1705 01:29:03,280 --> 01:29:04,480 RECENT RESEARCH ON PRECISION 1706 01:29:04,480 --> 01:29:06,720 MEDICINE AND HOW ALL THIS CAN BE 1707 01:29:06,720 --> 01:29:08,760 BROUGHT TOGETHER TO REDUCE 1708 01:29:08,760 --> 01:29:09,400 ALCOHOL HARM. 1709 01:29:09,400 --> 01:29:11,320 A FEW DISCLOSURES, MOST THE WORK 1710 01:29:11,320 --> 01:29:13,640 I'LL BE PRESENTING TODAY IS 1711 01:29:13,640 --> 01:29:15,560 FUNDED BY NIAA BUT DOESN'T 1712 01:29:15,560 --> 01:29:16,800 REPRESENT NIAA'S VIEWS AND I'M 1713 01:29:16,800 --> 01:29:19,560 ALSO A PARTICIPANT AND ACTIVE 1714 01:29:19,560 --> 01:29:20,360 MEMBER OF THE ALCOHOL CLINICAL 1715 01:29:20,360 --> 01:29:21,920 TRIALS INITIATIVE OR ACTIVE 1716 01:29:21,920 --> 01:29:24,880 GROUP WHICH IS IN THE PAST 36 1717 01:29:24,880 --> 01:29:26,600 MONTHS HAS BEEN SPONSORED BY A 1718 01:29:26,600 --> 01:29:27,360 NUMBER OF PHARMACEUTICAL 1719 01:29:27,360 --> 01:29:28,560 COMPANIES AND DISCUSS ONE NEW 1720 01:29:28,560 --> 01:29:30,720 PROJECT FUNDED. 1721 01:29:30,720 --> 01:29:33,640 AS A STARTING POINT AS WE TALKED 1722 01:29:33,640 --> 01:29:35,400 ABOUT THIS MORNING, ALCOHOL DOES 1723 01:29:35,400 --> 01:29:38,040 HAVE TOXIC EFFECTS ON THE BODY 1724 01:29:38,040 --> 01:29:39,600 AND AROUND FIVE YEARS AGO NOW IT 1725 01:29:39,600 --> 01:29:42,480 WAS FIVE SUMMERS AGO THE GLOBAL 1726 01:29:42,480 --> 01:29:43,680 BURDEN OF DISEASE RISK FACTOR 1727 01:29:43,680 --> 01:29:48,600 CAME OUT IN THE LANCET AND MADE 1728 01:29:48,600 --> 01:29:50,360 A LOT OF HEADLINES FOR BEING 1729 01:29:50,360 --> 01:29:52,440 CLEARLY STATING EVEN ONE 1730 01:29:52,440 --> 01:29:52,960 STANDARD DRINK INCREASED 1731 01:29:52,960 --> 01:29:54,800 RELATIVE RISK OF MORBIDITY AND 1732 01:29:54,800 --> 01:29:56,800 MORTALITY AS WE TALKED ABOUT 1733 01:29:56,800 --> 01:29:58,040 THIS MORNING, ALCOHOL HAS 1734 01:29:58,040 --> 01:30:00,400 AFFECTS ON MANY ORGAN SYSTEMS 1735 01:30:00,400 --> 01:30:01,520 AND INCLUDING THE BRAIN AS WE 1736 01:30:01,520 --> 01:30:04,920 TALKED ABOUT TODAY ALREADY. 1737 01:30:04,920 --> 01:30:06,040 I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO 1738 01:30:06,040 --> 01:30:09,800 ACKNOWLEDGE THIS AS A STARTING 1739 01:30:09,800 --> 01:30:13,800 POINT THAT WHEN WE DRINK ALCOHOL 1740 01:30:13,800 --> 01:30:19,200 WE ANYONE WHO CHOOSES ALCOHOL IS 1741 01:30:19,200 --> 01:30:22,480 KNOWNINGLY PUTTING TOXINS IN 1742 01:30:22,480 --> 01:30:26,160 THEIR BODIES AND WE MAKE OTHER 1743 01:30:26,160 --> 01:30:28,400 OTHER CHOICES AROUND OTHER 1744 01:30:28,400 --> 01:30:30,840 UNHEALTHY THINGS WE DO AND 1745 01:30:30,840 --> 01:30:32,800 WANWA 1746 01:30:32,800 --> 01:30:36,440 WANTED TO CONTEXTUALIZE IT AS A 1747 01:30:36,440 --> 01:30:37,840 CHOICE WE MAKE AND ABSTINENCE IS 1748 01:30:37,840 --> 01:30:43,360 A HARM REDUCTION AND ACHIEVE 1749 01:30:43,360 --> 01:30:46,880 RECOVERY THROUGH ABSTINENCE 1750 01:30:46,880 --> 01:30:48,480 WE'RE EXCITED WHEN A CLIENT 1751 01:30:48,480 --> 01:30:50,160 COMES TO THE CLINIC AND IS 1752 01:30:50,160 --> 01:30:51,520 INTERESTED IN PURSUING 1753 01:30:51,520 --> 01:30:55,160 ABSTINENCE AS A PATH. 1754 01:30:55,160 --> 01:30:57,080 AND I THINK WE ALSO NEED TO 1755 01:30:57,080 --> 01:30:58,720 THINK OF OTHER WAYS TO DEFINE 1756 01:30:58,720 --> 01:31:02,040 SUCCESS. 1757 01:31:02,040 --> 01:31:02,600 ABSTINENCE HAS LONG BEEN 1758 01:31:02,600 --> 01:31:05,480 CONSIDERED THE OPTIMAL OUTCOMES 1759 01:31:05,480 --> 01:31:07,480 BUT FEW ACHIEVE CONTINUOUS 1760 01:31:07,480 --> 01:31:07,880 ABSTINENCE. 1761 01:31:07,880 --> 01:31:09,120 MOST WHO CURRENTLY SEEK 1762 01:31:09,120 --> 01:31:11,960 TREATMENT DO NOT WANT TO ABSTAIN 1763 01:31:11,960 --> 01:31:13,640 AND MANY WITH ALCOHOL USE 1764 01:31:13,640 --> 01:31:14,960 DISORDER DO NOT SEEK TREATMENT 1765 01:31:14,960 --> 01:31:18,080 BECAUSE THEY DON'T WANT TO 1766 01:31:18,080 --> 01:31:18,280 ABSTAIN. 1767 01:31:18,280 --> 01:31:20,880 SO WE HAVE A SITUATION WHERE WE 1768 01:31:20,880 --> 01:31:22,640 HAVE ABSTINENCE AS TARGET MOST 1769 01:31:22,640 --> 01:31:26,800 PEOPLE DON'T ACHIEVE OR WANT AND 1770 01:31:26,800 --> 01:31:30,040 IN FACT MAY IMPEDE PEOPLE FROM 1771 01:31:30,040 --> 01:31:31,120 SEEKING TREATMENT. 1772 01:31:31,120 --> 01:31:33,720 WE TALKED ABOUT THIS IDEA OF 1773 01:31:33,720 --> 01:31:35,360 LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH MILD 1774 01:31:35,360 --> 01:31:37,360 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER THAT WE 1775 01:31:37,360 --> 01:31:38,880 REALLY WANT TO GET THEM TO 1776 01:31:38,880 --> 01:31:42,600 REDUCE THEIR DRINKING TO GET 1777 01:31:42,600 --> 01:31:44,160 THEM HELP BUT SETTING UP THE 1778 01:31:44,160 --> 01:31:46,120 ABSTINENCE AS THE BAR HAS 1779 01:31:46,120 --> 01:31:48,000 DETERRED THAT. 1780 01:31:48,000 --> 01:31:50,920 SO DRINKING REDUCTIONS MAY BE 1781 01:31:50,920 --> 01:31:51,920 MORE DESIRABLE FOR MORE PEOPLE 1782 01:31:51,920 --> 01:31:53,520 AS SUCH HAVE GREATER PUBLIC 1783 01:31:53,520 --> 01:31:55,640 HEALTH BENEFIT IF MORE PEOPLE 1784 01:31:55,640 --> 01:31:57,080 EITHER SEEK TREATMENT BECAUSE 1785 01:31:57,080 --> 01:31:58,200 IT'S TARGETING DRINKING 1786 01:31:58,200 --> 01:31:59,640 REDUCTION OR AS WE KNOW IS THE 1787 01:31:59,640 --> 01:32:01,120 MOST COMMON PATHWAY TO REDUCE 1788 01:32:01,120 --> 01:32:01,640 THEIR DRINKING WITHOUT 1789 01:32:01,640 --> 01:32:05,680 TREATMENT. 1790 01:32:05,680 --> 01:32:07,520 I'D LIKE TO REVISIT THE GRAPH 1791 01:32:07,520 --> 01:32:10,240 FOR A SECOND OF THE GLOBAL RISK 1792 01:32:10,240 --> 01:32:12,760 OF DISEASE AND SHOWS STANDARD 1793 01:32:12,760 --> 01:32:15,560 DRINKS DAILY ON THE X AND 1794 01:32:15,560 --> 01:32:19,360 RELATIVE MORBIDITY ON THE Y AXIS 1795 01:32:19,360 --> 01:32:21,120 AND INSTEAD OF READING FROM LEFT 1796 01:32:21,120 --> 01:32:26,560 TO RIGHT READ IT FROM RIGHT TO 1797 01:32:26,560 --> 01:32:27,600 LEFT AND IMAGINE THE HEADLINES 1798 01:32:27,600 --> 01:32:31,520 IF THE STUDY CAME OUT AND ALL 1799 01:32:31,520 --> 01:32:33,440 THE NEWS OUTLET SAID REDUCING 1800 01:32:33,440 --> 01:32:36,800 THE DRINKING REDUCE THE RISK AND 1801 01:32:36,800 --> 01:32:38,320 MORTALITY WOULD HAVE BEEN A 1802 01:32:38,320 --> 01:32:43,320 DIFFERENT MESSAGE FROM A PUBLIC 1803 01:32:43,320 --> 01:32:46,040 HEALTH PERSPECTIVE LESS IGNORED 1804 01:32:46,040 --> 01:32:47,840 THAN WHEN IT WAS SAID ANY 1805 01:32:47,840 --> 01:32:49,440 DRINKING WILL KILL YOU AND 1806 01:32:49,440 --> 01:32:52,040 INSTEAD OF FOCUSSING ON IF WE 1807 01:32:52,040 --> 01:32:53,800 REDUCE DRINKING WE'LL EXPERIENCE 1808 01:32:53,800 --> 01:32:56,920 REDUCTIONS AND RISKS. 1809 01:32:56,920 --> 01:33:02,160 OUR RESEARCH HAS FOCUSSED ON 1810 01:33:02,160 --> 01:33:03,800 THIS AND SHOWN THROUGH MANY 1811 01:33:03,800 --> 01:33:04,960 EMPIRICAL STUDIES THAT DRINKING 1812 01:33:04,960 --> 01:33:07,120 REDUCTION SHORT OF ABSTINENCE 1813 01:33:07,120 --> 01:33:08,600 EVEN FOR PEOPLE WITH ALCOHOL USE 1814 01:33:08,600 --> 01:33:10,640 DISORDER AND SEVERE ALCOHOL USE 1815 01:33:10,640 --> 01:33:11,960 DISORDER ARE ACHIEVABLE. 1816 01:33:11,960 --> 01:33:14,120 THE DRINKING REDUCTIONS ARE 1817 01:33:14,120 --> 01:33:16,400 ACHIEVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE AND 1818 01:33:16,400 --> 01:33:21,480 ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED HEALTH 1819 01:33:21,480 --> 01:33:26,080 AND FUNCTION. 1820 01:33:26,080 --> 01:33:28,080 INDIVIDUALS CAN REDUCE THEIR 1821 01:33:28,080 --> 01:33:30,040 DRINKING AND REDUCE THEIR 1822 01:33:30,040 --> 01:33:31,960 EXPERIENCES OF HARM WITH WHO 1823 01:33:31,960 --> 01:33:33,120 WILL USE WITHOUT ACHIEVING 1824 01:33:33,120 --> 01:33:33,480 ABSTINENCE. 1825 01:33:33,480 --> 01:33:35,080 THIS IS CRITICAL FOR US TO THINK 1826 01:33:35,080 --> 01:33:37,920 ABOUT AS WE'RE THINKING ABOUT 1827 01:33:37,920 --> 01:33:41,520 HOW WE COMMUNICATE WITH THE 1828 01:33:41,520 --> 01:33:43,960 PUBLIC AND THINK ABOUT SELLING 1829 01:33:43,960 --> 01:33:45,120 OUR TREATMENT AND THINK ABOUT 1830 01:33:45,120 --> 01:33:47,600 OUR RESEARCH MORE GENERALLY. 1831 01:33:47,600 --> 01:33:49,560 SOO A QUESTION THAT ALWAYS COMES 1832 01:33:49,560 --> 01:33:52,960 UP IN MY EXPERIENCE OF BEING A 1833 01:33:52,960 --> 01:33:55,520 RESEARCHER IN THIS AREA AND AS A 1834 01:33:55,520 --> 01:33:56,800 CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST IS WHAT 1835 01:33:56,800 --> 01:33:59,160 LEVEL OF REDUCTION DO WE TARGET? 1836 01:33:59,160 --> 01:34:01,280 THIS IS AN IMPORTANT QUESTION. 1837 01:34:01,280 --> 01:34:04,040 WHAT LEVEL OF DRINKING SHOULD WE 1838 01:34:04,040 --> 01:34:05,440 BE THINKING ABOUT? 1839 01:34:05,440 --> 01:34:07,240 FOR MANY YEARS WE FOCUSSED ON 1840 01:34:07,240 --> 01:34:09,320 WELL MAYBE TALK TO YOUR CLIENT 1841 01:34:09,320 --> 01:34:10,440 OR PATIENT AND SEE WHAT THEY'RE 1842 01:34:10,440 --> 01:34:11,400 INTERESTED IN AND WHAT WOULD BE 1843 01:34:11,400 --> 01:34:18,040 A MEANINGFUL REDUCTION FOR THEM. 1844 01:34:18,040 --> 01:34:24,960 IS RECENTLY THE WORLD HEALTH 1845 01:34:24,960 --> 01:34:27,320 ORGANIZATION IN 2000 PUBLISHED 1846 01:34:27,320 --> 01:34:34,040 REDUCED LEVELS OF DRINKING AND 1847 01:34:34,040 --> 01:34:35,960 HAD DRINKING GUIDANCE AND IT'S 1848 01:34:35,960 --> 01:34:37,920 SEX SPECIFIC GUIDANCE PER DAY 1849 01:34:37,920 --> 01:34:39,920 FOR MALES AND FEMALES GIVEN 1850 01:34:39,920 --> 01:34:44,320 DIFFERENT RATES OF METABOLISM 1851 01:34:44,320 --> 01:34:45,720 AND CONSEQUENCES FOR MALES AND 1852 01:34:45,720 --> 01:34:47,280 FEMALES WHEN DRINKING. 1853 01:34:47,280 --> 01:34:49,800 IT'S PROVIDE IN GRAMS PER DAY 1854 01:34:49,800 --> 01:34:53,960 BUT I CONVERTED IT TO 1855 01:34:53,960 --> 01:34:56,560 U.S. STANDARD DRINKS PER DAY AND 1856 01:34:56,560 --> 01:34:57,480 WEEK. 1857 01:34:57,480 --> 01:35:08,000 THIS PROVIDES A TARGET FOR AN 1858 01:35:14,080 --> 01:35:15,920 INDIVIDUAL'S RISK AND THEY CAN 1859 01:35:15,920 --> 01:35:17,920 REDUCE THEIR RISK BY LESS 1860 01:35:17,920 --> 01:35:18,160 DRINKING. 1861 01:35:18,160 --> 01:35:20,000 IT'S A USEFUL METRIC FOR 1862 01:35:20,000 --> 01:35:20,920 PATIENTS IN MY EXPERIENCE AND 1863 01:35:20,920 --> 01:35:22,720 FOR PROVIDERS TO BE THINKING 1864 01:35:22,720 --> 01:35:25,560 ABOUT NOT JUST ABSTINENCE OR NOT 1865 01:35:25,560 --> 01:35:27,560 BUT WHAT LEVEL OF RISK AND WHAT 1866 01:35:27,560 --> 01:35:28,520 LEVEL OF DRINKING MAY CORRESPOND 1867 01:35:28,520 --> 01:35:31,400 WITH THAT LEVEL OF RISK. 1868 01:35:31,400 --> 01:35:33,400 SO SURPRISINGLY WHEN THIS 1869 01:35:33,400 --> 01:35:34,960 GUIDANCE CAME OUT IT WAS 1870 01:35:34,960 --> 01:35:36,640 ACTUALLY BASED ON A GOVERNMENT 1871 01:35:36,640 --> 01:35:38,880 REPORT IN AUSTRALIA. 1872 01:35:38,880 --> 01:35:40,480 AND THAT GOVERNMENT REPORT IN 1873 01:35:40,480 --> 01:35:42,680 AUSTRALIA WAS BASED ON A SMALL 1874 01:35:42,680 --> 01:35:45,880 NUMBER OF STUDIES ABOUT A DOZEN 1875 01:35:45,880 --> 01:35:47,040 STUDIES THAT LOOKED AT MORBIDITY 1876 01:35:47,040 --> 01:35:49,320 AND MORTALITY RELATED TO ALCOHOL 1877 01:35:49,320 --> 01:35:49,520 USE. 1878 01:35:49,520 --> 01:35:53,480 NOT MUCH HAD BEEN DONE TO 1879 01:35:53,480 --> 01:35:58,040 VALIDATE THE RISK LEVELS AND HOW 1880 01:35:58,040 --> 01:35:59,360 THEY CORRESPOND TO PATIENTS. 1881 01:35:59,360 --> 01:36:02,640 THE ACTIVE GROUP AND THE 1882 01:36:02,640 --> 01:36:04,480 CLINICAL TRIALS INITIATIVE AND 1883 01:36:04,480 --> 01:36:06,640 MYSELF AND OTHERS HAD BEEN BUSY 1884 01:36:06,640 --> 01:36:09,120 IN THE LAST SEVERAL YEAR TRYING 1885 01:36:09,120 --> 01:36:10,400 TO UNDERSTAND THE RISK DRINKING 1886 01:36:10,400 --> 01:36:12,640 LEVELS AND ARE THEY VALID 1887 01:36:12,640 --> 01:36:13,840 INDICATORS OF HOW INDIVIDUALS 1888 01:36:13,840 --> 01:36:16,240 FEEL AND FUNCTION AND COULD THEY 1889 01:36:16,240 --> 01:36:19,000 BE USEFUL IN CLINICAL TRIALS OR 1890 01:36:19,000 --> 01:36:21,200 RESEARCH TO ASSESS PEOPLE'S 1891 01:36:21,200 --> 01:36:24,720 LEVEL OF SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT. 1892 01:36:24,720 --> 01:36:26,960 THIS IS A PRETTY FULL SLIDE 1893 01:36:26,960 --> 01:36:27,880 BECAUSE WE'VE NOW DONE A LOT OF 1894 01:36:27,880 --> 01:36:32,080 WORK OVER THE LAST SIX YEARS TO 1895 01:36:32,080 --> 01:36:33,480 EVALUATE THE W.H.O. RISK 1896 01:36:33,480 --> 01:36:35,320 DRINKING LEVELS AND FOUND 1897 01:36:35,320 --> 01:36:37,480 THEY'RE QUITE USEFUL AND 1898 01:36:37,480 --> 01:36:39,680 REDUCTIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH 1899 01:36:39,680 --> 01:36:41,640 REDUCED RISK OF DEVELOPING 1900 01:36:41,640 --> 01:36:44,520 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND MOST 1901 01:36:44,520 --> 01:36:45,480 RECENTLY FOUND THEY'RE 1902 01:36:45,480 --> 01:36:49,240 ASSOCIATED WITH AUD REMISSION OR 1903 01:36:49,240 --> 01:36:50,840 REMISSION FROM ALCOHOL USE 1904 01:36:50,840 --> 01:36:51,120 DISORDER. 1905 01:36:51,120 --> 01:36:53,280 WE FIND INDIVIDUAL WHO'S REDUCE 1906 01:36:53,280 --> 01:36:54,920 THEIR W.H.O. DRINKING LEVELS 1907 01:36:54,920 --> 01:36:56,120 HAVE FEWER CONSEQUENCES, BETTER 1908 01:36:56,120 --> 01:36:57,920 MENTAL HEALTH, DECREASES IN 1909 01:36:57,920 --> 01:36:59,960 ALCOHOL CRAVING, IMPROVEMENTS IN 1910 01:36:59,960 --> 01:37:01,280 QUALITY OF LIFE, BLOOD PRESSURE 1911 01:37:01,280 --> 01:37:03,920 AND LIVER FUNCTION AND 1912 01:37:03,920 --> 01:37:04,560 IMPORTANTLY REDUCED RISK OF 1913 01:37:04,560 --> 01:37:08,640 LIVER DISEASE, DEPRESSION AND 1914 01:37:08,640 --> 01:37:10,840 ANXIETY DISORDERS AND 1915 01:37:10,840 --> 01:37:12,840 IMPORTANTLY DAN FALK AND 1916 01:37:12,840 --> 01:37:14,040 COLLEAGUES FOUND THESE W.H.O. 1917 01:37:14,040 --> 01:37:14,880 RISK DRINKING LEVELS ARE 1918 01:37:14,880 --> 01:37:16,400 SENSITIVE TO TREATMENT EFFECTS. 1919 01:37:16,400 --> 01:37:20,080 YOU CAN DEMONSTRATE AN EFFECTIVE 1920 01:37:20,080 --> 01:37:21,480 MEDICATION OVER PLACEBO USING 1921 01:37:21,480 --> 01:37:25,520 THE W.H.O. DRINKING LEVELS AS A 1922 01:37:25,520 --> 01:37:28,760 CLINICAL TRIAL END POINT. 1923 01:37:28,760 --> 01:37:31,480 ANOTHER IMPORTANT FINDING WAS 1924 01:37:31,480 --> 01:37:35,440 REDUCTIONS IN W.H.O. RISK 1925 01:37:35,440 --> 01:37:36,160 DINKDI 1926 01:37:36,160 --> 01:37:37,480 DRINKING LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED 1927 01:37:37,480 --> 01:37:40,480 WITH REDUCTIONS IN HEALTH CARE 1928 01:37:40,480 --> 01:37:43,560 COSTS AND MEANINGFUL OUTCOMES 1929 01:37:43,560 --> 01:37:44,640 ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCTIONS IN 1930 01:37:44,640 --> 01:37:45,400 THOSE LEVELS. 1931 01:37:45,400 --> 01:37:47,760 WE HAVE SHOWN PEOPLE MAINTAIN 1932 01:37:47,760 --> 01:37:48,840 THESE REDUCTIONS OVER TIME AND 1933 01:37:48,840 --> 01:37:50,720 SO WE HAVE FOUND THAT THE 1934 01:37:50,720 --> 01:37:51,880 REDUCTIONS IN W.H.O. RISK 1935 01:37:51,880 --> 01:37:52,880 DRINKING LEVELS PEOPLE WHO 1936 01:37:52,880 --> 01:37:56,960 ACHIEVE THEM MAINTAIN THEM UP TO 1937 01:37:56,960 --> 01:37:58,200 ONE YEAR AND THREE YEARS 1938 01:37:58,200 --> 01:37:59,240 FOLLOWING TREATMENT AND WE 1939 01:37:59,240 --> 01:38:00,800 ALWAYS GET A QUESTION ABOUT 1940 01:38:00,800 --> 01:38:02,440 WELL, PEOPLE MORE SEVERE THE 1941 01:38:02,440 --> 01:38:04,880 QUESTION WE GET ARE PEOPLE MORE 1942 01:38:04,880 --> 01:38:06,160 SEVERE THAN THEY REDUCE THEIR 1943 01:38:06,160 --> 01:38:08,960 DRINKING AND THE ANSWER IS YES. 1944 01:38:08,960 --> 01:38:10,680 THE EFFECTS ON HEALTH AND 1945 01:38:10,680 --> 01:38:15,200 FUNCTION AND STABILITY ARE NOT 1946 01:38:15,200 --> 01:38:16,000 MODERATED OVER TIME AND 1947 01:38:16,000 --> 01:38:18,040 INDIVIDUALS MORE SEVERE CAN 1948 01:38:18,040 --> 01:38:21,400 REDUCE THEIR SHRINKING AND 1949 01:38:21,400 --> 01:38:22,200 DEMONSTRATE IMPROVEMENT IN 1950 01:38:22,200 --> 01:38:23,200 HEALTH AND FUNCTIONING. 1951 01:38:23,200 --> 01:38:31,440 WE'RE PRETTY EXCITED ABOUT THE 1952 01:38:31,440 --> 01:38:33,480 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND A 1953 01:38:33,480 --> 01:38:36,080 GET ASKED ABOUT LONGER TERM 1954 01:38:36,080 --> 01:38:36,360 RECOVERY. 1955 01:38:36,360 --> 01:38:39,640 I WANT TO SHUT OUT TO MY 1956 01:38:39,640 --> 01:38:41,320 COLLEAGUE JILL TUCKER AND WE DUG 1957 01:38:41,320 --> 01:38:43,480 INTO THE RESEARCH ON RECOVERY 1958 01:38:43,480 --> 01:38:44,760 FROM ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND 1959 01:38:44,760 --> 01:38:45,760 THINKING ABOUT DIFFERENT 1960 01:38:45,760 --> 01:38:47,000 PATHWAYS TO RECOVERY. 1961 01:38:47,000 --> 01:38:51,640 AND PARTICULARLY THINKING ABOUT 1962 01:38:51,640 --> 01:38:52,600 NOT JUST ALCOHOL USE BUT 1963 01:38:52,600 --> 01:38:53,840 FUNCTIONING AND HOW PEOPLE ARE 1964 01:38:53,840 --> 01:38:55,000 DOING IN THEIR LIVES AND 1965 01:38:55,000 --> 01:38:56,320 THINKING ABOUT RECOVERY MORE 1966 01:38:56,320 --> 01:38:59,440 BROADLY FROM A QUALITY OF LIFE 1967 01:38:59,440 --> 01:38:59,720 PERSPECTIVE. 1968 01:38:59,720 --> 01:39:03,200 AND WE HAVE DONE EMPIRICAL WORK 1969 01:39:03,200 --> 01:39:05,880 TO EXAMINE BEFORE WE CAN DEFINE 1970 01:39:05,880 --> 01:39:06,680 IT THIS WAY. 1971 01:39:06,680 --> 01:39:10,280 WE DID TWO INDEPENDENT STUDIES 1972 01:39:10,280 --> 01:39:11,800 AND THESE GRAPHS ARE TWO 1973 01:39:11,800 --> 01:39:16,080 SEPARATE STUDIES PROBABLY THE 1974 01:39:16,080 --> 01:39:18,320 MOST REPLICATIVE FINDING IN MY 1975 01:39:18,320 --> 01:39:19,960 CAREER AND WE FOLLOWED IN 1976 01:39:19,960 --> 01:39:24,680 IMPROVEMENT IN TWO TREATMENT 1977 01:39:24,680 --> 01:39:24,920 SAMPLES. 1978 01:39:24,920 --> 01:39:27,160 A NIAA STUDY OF PSYCHOTHERAPIES 1979 01:39:27,160 --> 01:39:30,000 FOR ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND THE 1980 01:39:30,000 --> 01:39:32,840 COMBINED STUDY THE NIAA STUDY OF 1981 01:39:32,840 --> 01:39:35,440 PHARMACO THERAPY AND BEHAVIORAL 1982 01:39:35,440 --> 01:39:38,120 THERAPY FOR ALCOHOL USE 1983 01:39:38,120 --> 01:39:39,080 DISORDER. 1984 01:39:39,080 --> 01:39:40,880 AND WE FOUND THAT 51% OF THE 1985 01:39:40,880 --> 01:39:42,320 SAMPLES WERE DO REALLY WELL. 1986 01:39:42,320 --> 01:39:44,680 THEY WERE FUNCTIONING VERY WELL 1987 01:39:44,680 --> 01:39:46,720 ON OUR FUNCTIONAL INDICATORS AND 1988 01:39:46,720 --> 01:39:49,200 WERE NOT DRINKING VERY MUCH OR 1989 01:39:49,200 --> 01:39:49,480 ABSTINENT. 1990 01:39:49,480 --> 01:39:51,520 WE ALSO FOUND ABOUT 15% ACROSS 1991 01:39:51,520 --> 01:39:53,680 BOTH STUDIES IN THE BLACK HERE. 1992 01:39:53,680 --> 01:39:56,120 THERE IS ABOUT 15% OF PEOPLE 1993 01:39:56,120 --> 01:39:57,760 DOING POORLY NOT FUNCTIONING 1994 01:39:57,760 --> 01:40:00,640 WELL AND ENGAGING IN FREQUENT 1995 01:40:00,640 --> 01:40:02,240 HEAVY DRINKING. 1996 01:40:02,240 --> 01:40:05,080 BUT WE ALSO FOUND THE TWO 1997 01:40:05,080 --> 01:40:06,800 INTERMEDIARY GROUPS AND A FIFTH 1998 01:40:06,800 --> 01:40:10,120 OF THE SAMPLE ALMOST 20% IN BOTH 1999 01:40:10,120 --> 01:40:14,280 STUDIES WAS A GROUP OF 2000 01:40:14,280 --> 01:40:16,200 FUNCTIONING WELL AS ABSTAINERS 2001 01:40:16,200 --> 01:40:17,760 AND ENGAGING IN OCCASIONAL HEAVY 2002 01:40:17,760 --> 01:40:19,120 DRINKING AND HAD SOME HEAVY 2003 01:40:19,120 --> 01:40:21,520 DRINKING WHERE IT WITH YOU 2004 01:40:21,520 --> 01:40:24,960 DEFINED AS MORE THAN FOUR DRINKS 2005 01:40:24,960 --> 01:40:29,520 PER FEMALES AND ANOTHER GROUP 2006 01:40:29,520 --> 01:40:31,360 THAT WAS INTERESTING TO US THAT 2007 01:40:31,360 --> 01:40:33,400 HAD REDUCED THEIR DRINKING QUITE 2008 01:40:33,400 --> 01:40:35,160 A BIT AND SOME WERE EVEN 2009 01:40:35,160 --> 01:40:36,960 ABSTINENT BUT NOT FUNCTIONING 2010 01:40:36,960 --> 01:40:37,200 VERY WELL. 2011 01:40:37,200 --> 01:40:39,600 AND SO THIS IS CRITICAL FOR US 2012 01:40:39,600 --> 01:40:42,480 AS A COMMUNITY OF RESEARCHERS 2013 01:40:42,480 --> 01:40:44,000 AND TREATMENT PROVIDERS TO THINK 2014 01:40:44,000 --> 01:40:45,920 ABOUT BECAUSE WE ESSENTIALLY 2015 01:40:45,920 --> 01:40:46,880 HELPED THESE INDIVIDUALS REDUCE 2016 01:40:46,880 --> 01:40:49,080 THEIR DRINKING BUT DID NOT HELP 2017 01:40:49,080 --> 01:40:49,840 THEM IMPROVE THEIR FUNCTIONING 2018 01:40:49,840 --> 01:40:51,480 AND QUALITY OF LIFE. 2019 01:40:51,480 --> 01:40:53,320 SO I THINK BY ONLY TARGETING 2020 01:40:53,320 --> 01:40:55,360 DRINKING WE MIGHT BE MISSING OUT 2021 01:40:55,360 --> 01:40:57,480 ON HELPING PEOPLE WITH THEIR 2022 01:40:57,480 --> 01:41:00,160 FUNCTIONING AND HAVING A LIFE 2023 01:41:00,160 --> 01:41:02,160 WORTH LIVING IS ONE WAY WE'VE 2024 01:41:02,160 --> 01:41:03,800 DESCRIBED IT AND GOING BACK TO 2025 01:41:03,800 --> 01:41:05,360 THIS PROFILE THREE IN BLUE THERE 2026 01:41:05,360 --> 01:41:07,160 SEEMS TO BE A GROUP OF PEOPLE 2027 01:41:07,160 --> 01:41:08,560 DOING QUITE WELL EVEN IF THEY 2028 01:41:08,560 --> 01:41:10,960 CONTINUE TO ENGAGE IN SOME HEAVY 2029 01:41:10,960 --> 01:41:12,560 DRINKING AND THIS IS LIKE ONCE 2030 01:41:12,560 --> 01:41:23,080 WEEKLY HEAVY DRINKING OR LESS. 2031 01:41:23,320 --> 01:41:26,480 DL 2032 01:41:26,480 --> 01:41:30,120 THIS IS A SNAPSHOT AND WE LOOKED 2033 01:41:30,120 --> 01:41:32,160 UP TO A DECADE FOLLOWING 2034 01:41:32,160 --> 01:41:33,040 TREATMENT WE SEE INDIVIDUALS IN 2035 01:41:33,040 --> 01:41:37,280 THE HIGH FUNCTIONING PROFILES 2036 01:41:37,280 --> 01:41:37,960 HAD SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER LIFE 2037 01:41:37,960 --> 01:41:39,160 AND LESS DEPRESSION AND ANGER 2038 01:41:39,160 --> 01:41:41,400 THAN THE LOWER-FUNCTIONING 2039 01:41:41,400 --> 01:41:43,240 PROFILES EVEN 10 YEARS LATER AND 2040 01:41:43,240 --> 01:41:44,840 ALSO HAVE HIGHER SELF-REPORTED 2041 01:41:44,840 --> 01:41:51,320 HEALTH AND FEWER HOSPITAL STAYS. 2042 01:41:51,320 --> 01:41:52,720 THIS TELLS US FUNCTIONING IS 2043 01:41:52,720 --> 01:41:54,000 IMPORTANT IN THINKING ABOUT 2044 01:41:54,000 --> 01:41:55,480 RECOVERY AND ALSO THERE'S A 2045 01:41:55,480 --> 01:41:57,200 GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO CAN MAINTAIN 2046 01:41:57,200 --> 01:41:59,640 HIGH FUNCTIONING EVEN IF THEY 2047 01:41:59,640 --> 01:42:02,320 CONTINUE TO DRINK AND SO WE 2048 01:42:02,320 --> 01:42:04,560 DEFINED THIS AS NON-ABSTINENT 2049 01:42:04,560 --> 01:42:09,520 RECOVERY AND PEOPLE MAY NOT BE 2050 01:42:09,520 --> 01:42:11,520 ABSTINENT BUT STILL HAVE GOOD 2051 01:42:11,520 --> 01:42:13,480 QUALITY AND PURPOSE OF LIFE AND 2052 01:42:13,480 --> 01:42:13,800 HEALTH. 2053 01:42:13,800 --> 01:42:16,080 I'LL TRANSITION TO SOME WORK ON 2054 01:42:16,080 --> 01:42:17,960 PRECISION MEDICINE. 2055 01:42:17,960 --> 01:42:20,520 AND I'M VERY PASSIONATE ABOUT 2056 01:42:20,520 --> 01:42:20,960 PRECISION MEDICINE. 2057 01:42:20,960 --> 01:42:23,240 I THINK OF IT AS SIMILAR TO HARM 2058 01:42:23,240 --> 01:42:24,080 REDUCTION MEETING PEOPLE WHERE 2059 01:42:24,080 --> 01:42:25,720 THEY'RE AT AND TRYING TO 2060 01:42:25,720 --> 01:42:27,080 IDENTIFY WHAT A PARTICULAR 2061 01:42:27,080 --> 01:42:27,680 CLIENT MAY NEED OR PATIENT MAY 2062 01:42:27,680 --> 01:42:36,520 NEED IN TREATMENT. 2063 01:42:36,520 --> 01:42:38,640 THERE'S 2048 WAYS TO BE 2064 01:42:38,640 --> 01:42:39,920 DIAGNOSED WITH ALCOHOL USE 2065 01:42:39,920 --> 01:42:45,400 DISORDER IN DSM5 SO THERE'S 2066 01:42:45,400 --> 01:42:46,000 HETEROGENEITY IN ALCOHOL USE 2067 01:42:46,000 --> 01:42:47,680 DISORDER AND GOALS AND IN 2068 01:42:47,680 --> 01:42:49,720 TALKING ABOUT PRECISION MEDICINE 2069 01:42:49,720 --> 01:42:52,040 IT'S A NICE WAY OF 2070 01:42:52,040 --> 01:42:53,560 CHARACTERIZING IT. 2071 01:42:53,560 --> 01:42:56,400 IF WE THINK OF ANY ENTIRE 2072 01:42:56,400 --> 01:42:57,440 POPULATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH 2073 01:42:57,440 --> 01:42:58,960 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND GET 2074 01:42:58,960 --> 01:43:01,480 THEM ALL THE SAME TREATMENT. 2075 01:43:01,480 --> 01:43:07,320 SAY I LIKE COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL 2076 01:43:07,320 --> 01:43:13,960 TREME OR NALTREXONE AND WE'LL 2077 01:43:13,960 --> 01:43:15,440 IDENTIFY THOSE CHARACTERISTICS 2078 01:43:15,440 --> 01:43:16,320 THAT MAY DISTINGUISH PEOPLE AND 2079 01:43:16,320 --> 01:43:16,760 GIVE THEM TREATMENT 2080 01:43:16,760 --> 01:43:27,000 SUPPORTINGLY. 2081 01:43:28,040 --> 01:43:35,600 AND ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN DONE 2082 01:43:35,600 --> 01:43:41,560 GENOTYPING AND SIMILAR STORY FOR 2083 01:43:41,560 --> 01:43:44,160 GRIK SEEMED PROMISING AND FAILED 2084 01:43:44,160 --> 01:43:50,760 IN TRIALS AND SIMILAR FOR 2085 01:43:50,760 --> 01:43:53,800 ONDANSETON AND ONE STUDY THAT 2086 01:43:53,800 --> 01:43:54,160 LOOKED AT THE DA 2087 01:44:00,120 --> 01:44:10,560 -- GABRA TWO-STEP FACILATION 2088 01:44:13,360 --> 01:44:15,160 AND WHAT'S NICE ABOUT PHENOTYPIC 2089 01:44:15,160 --> 01:44:16,920 APPROACHES WE CAN ADMINISTER 2090 01:44:16,920 --> 01:44:21,480 SELF-REPORT MEASURES TO TRY TO 2091 01:44:21,480 --> 01:44:23,040 BETTER UNDERSTAND THE 2092 01:44:23,040 --> 01:44:23,360 PHENOTYPES. 2093 01:44:23,360 --> 01:44:26,800 AS FAR AS GUIDING THE WORK WE 2094 01:44:26,800 --> 01:44:29,480 LOOKED AT DR. KOOB'S ADDITION 2095 01:44:29,480 --> 01:44:31,440 CYCLE IN GUIDING OUR THINKING OF 2096 01:44:31,440 --> 01:44:31,840 PHENOTYPING. 2097 01:44:31,840 --> 01:44:35,840 THIS IS A WELL-SUPPORTED MODEL 2098 01:44:35,840 --> 01:44:36,840 FROM BASIC NEUROSCIENCE AND LOTS 2099 01:44:36,840 --> 01:44:38,520 OF TRANSLATIONAL WORK OVER THE 2100 01:44:38,520 --> 01:44:44,640 LAST TWO DECADES SHOWING THAT 2101 01:44:44,640 --> 01:44:47,880 THERE APPEARS TO BE DIFFERENT 2102 01:44:47,880 --> 01:44:51,440 TYPES OF DRINKING ASSOCIATED 2103 01:44:51,440 --> 01:44:53,840 WITH DYSFUNCTION AND THINKING 2104 01:44:53,840 --> 01:44:56,560 PEOPLE IN THE CRAVING OR REWARD 2105 01:44:56,560 --> 01:44:58,920 PHASE WHERE IT'S MAINTAINED BY 2106 01:44:58,920 --> 01:45:01,600 POS OF POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT 2107 01:45:01,600 --> 01:45:05,400 AND IN THE WITHDRAWAL IT BECOMES 2108 01:45:05,400 --> 01:45:07,520 NEGATIVE IN SEEKING RELIEF FROM 2109 01:45:07,520 --> 01:45:08,400 NEGATIVE EXPERIENCES AND 2110 01:45:08,400 --> 01:45:11,440 WITHDRAWAL AND THEN IN THE 2111 01:45:11,440 --> 01:45:13,440 PREOCCUPATION AND ANTICIPATION 2112 01:45:13,440 --> 01:45:14,560 PHASE WE SEE LOSS OF CONTROL 2113 01:45:14,560 --> 01:45:15,960 OVER DRINKING. 2114 01:45:15,960 --> 01:45:19,080 AND OUR LAB HAS REALLY BEEN 2115 01:45:19,080 --> 01:45:21,360 WORKING ON HOW DO WE ASSESS THE 2116 01:45:21,360 --> 01:45:22,840 PHENOTYPES IN CLINICAL 2117 01:45:22,840 --> 01:45:25,320 POPULATIONS AND CLINICAL 2118 01:45:25,320 --> 01:45:25,560 SETTINGS. 2119 01:45:25,560 --> 01:45:31,040 SOME OF THIS WORK STARTED BY A 2120 01:45:31,040 --> 01:45:32,360 FORMER GRADUATE STUDENT AND WE 2121 01:45:32,360 --> 01:45:36,160 TOOK A MEASURE BASED ON THE 2122 01:45:36,160 --> 01:45:38,160 ALCOHOL ABSTINENCE SELF-EFFICACY 2123 01:45:38,160 --> 01:45:39,880 WORK AND DID MODELLING AND WERE 2124 01:45:39,880 --> 01:45:42,640 ABLE TO IDENTIFY THESE REWARD 2125 01:45:42,640 --> 01:45:44,320 AND RELIEF PHENOTYPES. 2126 01:45:44,320 --> 01:45:48,640 MORE RECENTLY MY GRADUATE 2127 01:45:48,640 --> 01:45:52,160 STUDENT WHO JUST DEFEND HER 2128 01:45:52,160 --> 01:45:52,920 DISSERTATION YESTERDAY 2129 01:45:52,920 --> 01:45:53,960 IDENTIFIED A 10 ITEM SCALE THAT 2130 01:45:53,960 --> 01:45:57,320 CAN CAPTURE REWARD AND RELIEF AS 2131 01:45:57,320 --> 01:45:59,560 WELL WITH GREAT PSYCHO METRIC 2132 01:45:59,560 --> 01:46:03,640 PROPERTIES AND THAT WAS A 2133 01:46:03,640 --> 01:46:07,640 COLLABORATION WITH HANK KRANZLOR 2134 01:46:07,640 --> 01:46:09,440 AND WE DEVELOPED A 15 OR TESTED 2135 01:46:09,440 --> 01:46:12,400 A 15-ITEM MEASURE AND FOUND THE 2136 01:46:12,400 --> 01:46:15,120 DIMENSIONS OF REWARD AND RELIEF 2137 01:46:15,120 --> 01:46:16,240 NEGATIVE EMOTIONALITY AND LOSS 2138 01:46:16,240 --> 01:46:18,200 OF CONTROL AND THE DIMENSIONS 2139 01:46:18,200 --> 01:46:22,760 SEEM TO BE PREDICTIVE OF VARIOUS 2140 01:46:22,760 --> 01:46:24,720 THINGS AND FIT REALLY WELL. 2141 01:46:24,720 --> 01:46:27,720 NOW THAT WE CAN EMPIRICALLY 2142 01:46:27,720 --> 01:46:29,040 DERIVE THE PHENOTYPES USING 2143 01:46:29,040 --> 01:46:29,800 SELF-REPORT MEASURES THE NEXT 2144 01:46:29,800 --> 01:46:31,960 QUESTION IS DOES THIS WORK FOR 2145 01:46:31,960 --> 01:46:33,080 PRECISION MEDICINE? 2146 01:46:33,080 --> 01:46:35,360 AND WE STARTED THIS 2147 01:46:35,360 --> 01:46:37,120 COLLABORATION AND WORK AROUND 2148 01:46:37,120 --> 01:46:39,280 THE REWARD DRINKING PHENOTYPE 2149 01:46:39,280 --> 01:46:41,680 AND LEANING ON YEARS OF RESEARCH 2150 01:46:41,680 --> 01:46:44,920 THAT WOULD SUGGEST ALTERATIONS 2151 01:46:44,920 --> 01:46:46,520 FOR PEOPLE TO DRINK PRIMARILY IN 2152 01:46:46,520 --> 01:46:48,160 THE CONTEXT OF POSITIVE 2153 01:46:48,160 --> 01:46:49,640 REINFORCEMENT AND THEY MAY 2154 01:46:49,640 --> 01:46:51,120 BENEFIT MORE FROM NALTREXONE. 2155 01:46:51,120 --> 01:46:53,480 THIS IS A LONG STANDING 2156 01:46:53,480 --> 01:46:55,360 HYPOTHESIS IN THE FIELD AND SURE 2157 01:46:55,360 --> 01:46:58,520 ENOUGH IF YOU LOOK AT A TOTAL 2158 01:46:58,520 --> 01:47:00,320 SAMPLE APPROACH IN THREE 2159 01:47:00,320 --> 01:47:03,720 SEPARATE STUDIES WE SEE SMALL 2160 01:47:03,720 --> 01:47:06,640 EFFECT SIZES FOR NALTREXONE 2161 01:47:06,640 --> 01:47:07,400 VERSUS PLACEBO IN THE TOTAL 2162 01:47:07,400 --> 01:47:08,960 SAMPLE CONSISTENT WITH THE IDEA 2163 01:47:08,960 --> 01:47:09,880 THAT MAYBE THE TREATMENT WORKS 2164 01:47:09,880 --> 01:47:11,600 FOR SOME BUT NOT MOST AND IF WE 2165 01:47:11,600 --> 01:47:13,840 BREAK OUT REWARD DRINKERS SO IF 2166 01:47:13,840 --> 01:47:15,520 WE PHENOTYPE REWARD DRINKERS AND 2167 01:47:15,520 --> 01:47:20,200 LOOK AT THE NALTREXONE 2168 01:47:20,200 --> 01:47:22,840 COMPARISON WE SEE LARGE SIZES OF 2169 01:47:22,840 --> 01:47:24,440 NALTREXONE VERSUS PLACEBO USING 2170 01:47:24,440 --> 01:47:26,120 THE PRECISION MEDICINE APPROACH 2171 01:47:26,120 --> 01:47:28,200 OF TAILORING THE TREATMENT OR 2172 01:47:28,200 --> 01:47:30,400 BREAKING OUT THOSE PARTICULARLY 2173 01:47:30,400 --> 01:47:32,120 REWARD DRINKING WHO MAY BE 2174 01:47:32,120 --> 01:47:33,920 DRINKING IN THE CONTEXT OF 2175 01:47:33,920 --> 01:47:35,760 POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT AND SEEM 2176 01:47:35,760 --> 01:47:39,520 TO BENEFIT QUITE A BIT FROM 2177 01:47:39,520 --> 01:47:39,800 NALTREXONE. 2178 01:47:39,800 --> 01:47:45,680 AND THE OTHER NALTREXONE AND THE 2179 01:47:45,680 --> 01:47:47,480 AFFECTS ARE MEDIATED BY 2180 01:47:47,480 --> 01:47:49,480 REDUCTION IN DESIRE TO DRINK. 2181 01:47:49,480 --> 01:47:50,560 NOT ONLY IS THE MEDICATION 2182 01:47:50,560 --> 01:47:52,800 WORKING FOR REWARD DRINKERS BUT 2183 01:47:52,800 --> 01:47:54,800 WORKING IN THE INTENDED 2184 01:47:54,800 --> 01:47:55,440 MECHANISM OF REDUCING CRAVING 2185 01:47:55,440 --> 01:48:03,840 AND DESIRE TO DRINK. 2186 01:48:03,840 --> 01:48:05,240 MOST OF OUR WORK FOCUSSED ON 2187 01:48:05,240 --> 01:48:10,520 REWARD DRINKING BUT BASED ON 2188 01:48:10,520 --> 01:48:14,320 EARLIER WORK AND JOHN LITTLETON 2189 01:48:14,320 --> 01:48:16,560 AND DR. KOOB WE EXPECT 2190 01:48:16,560 --> 01:48:19,200 INDIVIDUALS WITH ALTERATIONS OF 2191 01:48:19,200 --> 01:48:29,760 THE GLUTAMATERGIC SYSTEM THERE 2192 01:48:30,680 --> 01:48:32,120 WAS NO EFFECT OF THE PLACEBO BUT 2193 01:48:32,120 --> 01:48:37,880 IN RELIEF DRINKERS THERE WAS A 2194 01:48:37,880 --> 01:48:40,920 SMALL EFFECT. 2195 01:48:40,920 --> 01:48:42,680 AND I'M A BEHAVIORAL 2196 01:48:42,680 --> 01:48:43,600 INTERVENTIONIST AND I LOOK TO 2197 01:48:43,600 --> 01:48:45,760 LOOK AT BEHAVIORAL TREATMENTS. 2198 01:48:45,760 --> 01:48:47,360 THESE ARE HOT OFF THE PRESS. 2199 01:48:47,360 --> 01:48:48,680 I JUST ANALYZED THE DATA LAST 2200 01:48:48,680 --> 01:48:50,720 WEEK AND WE WERE ABLE TO 2201 01:48:50,720 --> 01:48:52,600 IDENTIFY A RELIEF DRINKING SCALE 2202 01:48:52,600 --> 01:48:55,000 AT BASELINE IN ONE OF OUR 2203 01:48:55,000 --> 01:48:56,800 STUDIES OF MINDFULNESS BASED 2204 01:48:56,800 --> 01:48:58,520 RELAPSE PREVENTION AND LOOKED AT 2205 01:48:58,520 --> 01:49:00,920 HEAVY DRINKING DAYS AT A 2206 01:49:00,920 --> 01:49:03,680 12-MONTH FOLLOW UP AND IN THE 2207 01:49:03,680 --> 01:49:06,280 TREATMENT AS USUAL CONDITION 2208 01:49:06,280 --> 01:49:09,280 THERE'S A CORRELATION BETWEEN 2209 01:49:09,280 --> 01:49:10,880 HEAVY DRINKING AND THOSE WITH 2210 01:49:10,880 --> 01:49:13,760 THE HIGHER RELIEF PHENOTYPE SEEM 2211 01:49:13,760 --> 01:49:18,680 TO HAVE WORSE OUTCOMES AND IN 2212 01:49:18,680 --> 01:49:20,480 THE MINDFULNESS AFFECT WE SEE 2213 01:49:20,480 --> 01:49:21,760 ATTENUATION THOSE INDIVIDUALS 2214 01:49:21,760 --> 01:49:24,800 HIGHER IN RELIEF DRINKING ARE 2215 01:49:24,800 --> 01:49:27,080 NOT ENGAGING IN HEAVY DRINKING 2216 01:49:27,080 --> 01:49:32,200 AT 12 MONTH FOLLOW UP AND 2217 01:49:32,200 --> 01:49:34,040 MINDFULNESS INTERVENTION IS MORE 2218 01:49:34,040 --> 01:49:36,240 USEFUL IN THE HEAVY DRINKING. 2219 01:49:36,240 --> 01:49:38,400 THE BIG QUESTION IS BRINGING 2220 01:49:38,400 --> 01:49:39,880 THIS TOGETHER TO MY PRIOR WORK I 2221 01:49:39,880 --> 01:49:42,720 MENTIONED IN RECOVERY AND I WAS 2222 01:49:42,720 --> 01:49:44,400 INTERESTED IN DO THE ADDICTION 2223 01:49:44,400 --> 01:49:47,080 CYCLES AND PHENOTYPES PREDICT 2224 01:49:47,080 --> 01:49:49,480 RECOVERY OUTCOMES AND WE DID 2225 01:49:49,480 --> 01:49:55,920 FIND THAT WAS THE CASE. 2226 01:49:55,920 --> 01:50:00,280 INTERESTINGLY PEOPLE WILL HAVE 2227 01:50:00,280 --> 01:50:02,000 HIGHER ODDS OF ACHIEVING 2228 01:50:02,000 --> 01:50:04,040 RECOVERY AND THOSE WITH LOWER 2229 01:50:04,040 --> 01:50:07,480 RELIEF AND NEGATIVE AFFECTIVE 2230 01:50:07,480 --> 01:50:08,600 DRINKING HAVE HIGHER ODDS OF 2231 01:50:08,600 --> 01:50:11,120 ACHIEVING RECOVERY AND DIDN'T 2232 01:50:11,120 --> 01:50:14,720 SEEM TO BE MUCH OF AN EFFECT ON 2233 01:50:14,720 --> 01:50:15,880 EXECUTIVE FUNCTION BUT CLEARLY 2234 01:50:15,880 --> 01:50:20,480 THE DOMAINS AND THIS IS 2235 01:50:20,480 --> 01:50:22,040 PREDICTING RECOVERY THREE YEARS 2236 01:50:22,040 --> 01:50:22,920 LATER. 2237 01:50:22,920 --> 01:50:26,760 TO ME THAT'S IMPORTANT FROM A 2238 01:50:26,760 --> 01:50:27,240 CLINICAL TRANSLATIONAL 2239 01:50:27,240 --> 01:50:28,560 PERSPECTIVE WE COULD MAYBE 2240 01:50:28,560 --> 01:50:33,200 PREDICT PEOPLE'S RECOVERY 2241 01:50:33,200 --> 01:50:36,040 THROUGH A 15-ITEM SCALE. 2242 01:50:36,040 --> 01:50:38,640 ANOTHER PIECE I WANT TO END WITH 2243 01:50:38,640 --> 01:50:40,640 GOING BACK TO DR. CLARK'S 2244 01:50:40,640 --> 01:50:42,000 QUESTION COMMENT EARLIER IS THE 2245 01:50:42,000 --> 01:50:43,600 IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENT. 2246 01:50:43,600 --> 01:50:45,680 WE HAVE DONE WORK LATELY LOOKING 2247 01:50:45,680 --> 01:50:47,320 AT COMMUNITY-LEVEL FACTORS AND 2248 01:50:47,320 --> 01:50:48,600 THE IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL 2249 01:50:48,600 --> 01:50:50,880 CONTEXT AND IN A RECENTLY 2250 01:50:50,880 --> 01:50:52,480 PUBLISHED PAPER FOUND SOCIAL 2251 01:50:52,480 --> 01:50:55,120 ENVIRONMENT IS ALSO IMPORTANT 2252 01:50:55,120 --> 01:50:58,520 FOR PREDICTING RECOVERY. 2253 01:50:58,520 --> 01:51:00,280 THIS IS COMMUNITY-LEVEL INCOME 2254 01:51:00,280 --> 01:51:03,040 AND INDIVIDUALS WHO LIVE IN 2255 01:51:03,040 --> 01:51:04,760 HIGHER INCOME, HIGHER RESOURCED 2256 01:51:04,760 --> 01:51:06,000 COMMUNITIES HAVE A HIGHER 2257 01:51:06,000 --> 01:51:07,600 LIKELIHOOD OF ACHIEVING RECOVERY 2258 01:51:07,600 --> 01:51:09,640 AND SIMILAR EFFECT FOR HEALTH 2259 01:51:09,640 --> 01:51:10,160 INSURANCE. 2260 01:51:10,160 --> 01:51:12,360 THOSE WHO LIVE IN COMMUNITIES 2261 01:51:12,360 --> 01:51:14,840 WITH GREATER PROPORTION OF THE 2262 01:51:14,840 --> 01:51:15,560 POPULATION HAS HEALTH INSURANCE 2263 01:51:15,560 --> 01:51:17,280 ARE MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE 2264 01:51:17,280 --> 01:51:17,560 RECOVERY. 2265 01:51:17,560 --> 01:51:18,720 I THINK COMING BACK TO THE 2266 01:51:18,720 --> 01:51:20,840 COMMENTS THAT WE NEED TO THINK 2267 01:51:20,840 --> 01:51:23,240 ABOUT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN ALL 2268 01:51:23,240 --> 01:51:25,480 OF OUR RESEARCH I WOULD ALSO 2269 01:51:25,480 --> 01:51:26,720 CHALLENGE THE TRANSLATIONAL AND 2270 01:51:26,720 --> 01:51:29,320 ANIMAL RESEARCHERS TO THINK OF 2271 01:51:29,320 --> 01:51:30,560 ENVIRONMENT AS WELL. 2272 01:51:30,560 --> 01:51:31,680 WE KNOW PEOPLE DEVELOP ALCOHOL 2273 01:51:31,680 --> 01:51:34,240 USE DISORDER IN AN ENVIRONMENTAL 2274 01:51:34,240 --> 01:51:35,920 CONTEXT AND RECOVER IN AN 2275 01:51:35,920 --> 01:51:36,360 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT. 2276 01:51:36,360 --> 01:51:38,840 WE NEED TO THINK MORE ABOUT 2277 01:51:38,840 --> 01:51:39,520 ENVIRONMENT. 2278 01:51:39,520 --> 01:51:43,400 AS FAR AS WHERE WE'RE GOING, I'M 2279 01:51:43,400 --> 01:51:45,920 EXCITED ABOUT THE W.H.O. RISK 2280 01:51:45,920 --> 01:51:50,000 DRINKING LEVELS AS AN END POINT 2281 01:51:50,000 --> 01:51:53,880 FOR ALCOHOL CLINICAL TRIALS AND 2282 01:51:53,880 --> 01:51:56,200 THANKFUL FOR THE NIAA PURSUING 2283 01:51:56,200 --> 01:52:00,120 THE W.H.O. RISK DRINKING LEVELS 2284 01:52:00,120 --> 01:52:01,760 WITH THE FDA. 2285 01:52:01,760 --> 01:52:04,520 FINGERS CROSSED IF THAT GOES 2286 01:52:04,520 --> 01:52:05,240 THROUGH. 2287 01:52:05,240 --> 01:52:13,080 A SHOUT OUT TO AN EARLY CAREER 2288 01:52:13,080 --> 01:52:15,200 INVESTIGATOR CASSIE BONESS 2289 01:52:15,200 --> 01:52:16,680 LOOKING AT THE ADDICTION CYCLE 2290 01:52:16,680 --> 01:52:18,920 DOMAINS AND HOW DO WE TAKE A 2291 01:52:18,920 --> 01:52:20,000 PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACH AND 2292 01:52:20,000 --> 01:52:21,520 GET PATIENT FEEDBACK ON THE 2293 01:52:21,520 --> 01:52:22,960 MEASURES TO MAKE SURE WE ARE 2294 01:52:22,960 --> 01:52:27,200 MEASURING THESE CONSTRUCTS IN A 2295 01:52:27,200 --> 01:52:29,160 WAY THAT ARE CONSISTENT ACROSS 2296 01:52:29,160 --> 01:52:31,360 SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS THAT 2297 01:52:31,360 --> 01:52:33,800 ARE RELEVANT ACROSS THE SOCIO 2298 01:52:33,800 --> 01:52:34,520 DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS AND 2299 01:52:34,520 --> 01:52:36,200 EVERYTHING WE'VE DONE SO FAR 2300 01:52:36,200 --> 01:52:38,720 WITH THESE ADDICTION CYCLE 2301 01:52:38,720 --> 01:52:40,400 DOMAINS HAS BEEN RETROSPECTIVE 2302 01:52:40,400 --> 01:52:44,240 PULLING ITEMS AVAILABLE IN 2303 01:52:44,240 --> 01:52:44,760 EXISTING DATA. 2304 01:52:44,760 --> 01:52:46,920 AND DR. BONESS IS DOING 2305 01:52:46,920 --> 01:52:50,080 MEASURES. 2306 01:52:50,080 --> 01:52:53,680 I'M EXCITED WE HAVE LAUNCHED A 2307 01:52:53,680 --> 01:52:57,240 PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF NALTREXONE 2308 01:52:57,240 --> 01:53:02,960 FOR REWARD DRINKERS AND STAY 2309 01:53:02,960 --> 01:53:05,280 TUNED FOR RESULTS FROM THAT 2310 01:53:05,280 --> 01:53:07,240 PROSPECTIVE STUDY AND I'M ALSO 2311 01:53:07,240 --> 01:53:10,520 INTERESTED IN SEEING WHETHER 2312 01:53:10,520 --> 01:53:12,560 MINDFULNESS BASED REDUCTION MAY 2313 01:53:12,560 --> 01:53:13,760 BE EFFECTIVE FOR ALL CYCLE 2314 01:53:13,760 --> 01:53:15,760 DOMAINS NOT JUST RELIEF 2315 01:53:15,760 --> 01:53:16,000 DRINKING. 2316 01:53:16,000 --> 01:53:19,200 I THINK THERE'S EVIDENCE TO 2317 01:53:19,200 --> 01:53:20,480 SUGGEST THAT IT MAY BE 2318 01:53:20,480 --> 01:53:22,040 PARTICULARLY EFFECTIVE FOR 2319 01:53:22,040 --> 01:53:23,800 HELPING PEOPLE WITH IMPAIRED 2320 01:53:23,800 --> 01:53:24,840 EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND ALSO 2321 01:53:24,840 --> 01:53:27,600 PEOPLE WHO ARE DRINKING FOR BOTH 2322 01:53:27,600 --> 01:53:28,880 REWARD AND RELIEF REASONS. 2323 01:53:28,880 --> 01:53:31,400 I WANT TO HAVE A PENDING GRANT 2324 01:53:31,400 --> 01:53:38,080 TO STUDY LONG-TERM RECOVERY AND 2325 01:53:38,080 --> 01:53:38,960 TARGETING THESE DOMAINS. 2326 01:53:38,960 --> 01:53:43,320 I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE AND THANK 2327 01:53:43,320 --> 01:53:45,000 NIAA FOR LEADING THE FIELD AND 2328 01:53:45,000 --> 01:53:47,400 NEW DEFINITION OF RECOVERY AND 2329 01:53:47,400 --> 01:53:50,840 THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT. 2330 01:53:50,840 --> 01:53:52,000 WE HAVEN'T HAD A RESEARCH 2331 01:53:52,000 --> 01:53:53,840 DEFINITION OF RECOVERY IN THE 2332 01:53:53,840 --> 01:53:56,080 FIELD AND SO I'M THRILLED WITH 2333 01:53:56,080 --> 01:53:59,960 THIS NEW DEVELOPMENT AND WE NOW 2334 01:53:59,960 --> 01:54:01,360 WOULD ENCOURAGE EVERYONE IN THE 2335 01:54:01,360 --> 01:54:03,000 EMPIRICAL STUDIES OF THE 2336 01:54:03,000 --> 01:54:05,480 DEFINITION AND I ALSO THINK THE 2337 01:54:05,480 --> 01:54:09,360 NEW DEFINITION BY FOCUSSING ON 2338 01:54:09,360 --> 01:54:10,960 QUALITY OF LIFE AND REQUIRES US 2339 01:54:10,960 --> 01:54:12,920 TO THINK OF WHOLE PERSON HEALTH 2340 01:54:12,920 --> 01:54:14,200 AND MECHANISMS OF BEHAVIOR 2341 01:54:14,200 --> 01:54:17,480 CHANGE AND HOW PEOPLE ARE DOING 2342 01:54:17,480 --> 01:54:19,360 IN THEIR LIFE NOT JUST 2343 01:54:19,360 --> 01:54:20,800 ASSOCIATION OF HEAVY DRINKING 2344 01:54:20,800 --> 01:54:23,240 AND I WANT TO GIVE ANOTHER PLUG 2345 01:54:23,240 --> 01:54:25,080 WE NEED TO LOOK AT SOCIAL 2346 01:54:25,080 --> 01:54:26,720 DETERMINATES OF HEALTH WHEN 2347 01:54:26,720 --> 01:54:28,280 STUDYING INDIVIDUAL OUTCOMES AND 2348 01:54:28,280 --> 01:54:31,120 I WOULD ENCOURAGE EVERYONE TO 2349 01:54:31,120 --> 01:54:33,400 CONSIDER ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 2350 01:54:33,400 --> 01:54:34,680 IN EXAMINING ALCOHOL USE 2351 01:54:34,680 --> 01:54:36,680 BEHAVIOR IN TRANSLATIONAL MODEL. 2352 01:54:36,680 --> 01:54:38,280 I THINK WE'RE MISSING THIS IN 2353 01:54:38,280 --> 01:54:40,000 OUR FIELD GENERALLY. 2354 01:54:40,000 --> 01:54:41,400 THERE'S SOME GOOD WORK BUT WE 2355 01:54:41,400 --> 01:54:43,960 COULD BE DOING MORE TO THINK OF 2356 01:54:43,960 --> 01:54:45,920 SOCIAL DETERMINATES OF HEALTH 2357 01:54:45,920 --> 01:54:47,720 AND THE ENVIRONMENT. 2358 01:54:47,720 --> 01:54:51,640 I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE PEOPLE OUT 2359 01:54:51,640 --> 01:54:53,680 THERE WORKING IN THE COMMUNITY 2360 01:54:53,680 --> 01:54:54,920 AND AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW 2361 01:54:54,920 --> 01:54:56,480 MEXICO WE HAVE A WHOLE CENTER 2362 01:54:56,480 --> 01:54:58,560 FOCUSSED ON OPIOID USE AND PAIN 2363 01:54:58,560 --> 01:55:00,080 AND DOING COMMUNITY-RESEARCH 2364 01:55:00,080 --> 01:55:01,080 WITH THAT. 2365 01:55:01,080 --> 01:55:05,320 WE'RE DOING CULTURAL ADAPTATIONS 2366 01:55:05,320 --> 01:55:07,120 AND WE LAUNCHED AN ALCOHOL USE 2367 01:55:07,120 --> 01:55:09,840 AND MENTAL HEALTH ECHO WITH THE 2368 01:55:09,840 --> 01:55:17,880 LINK THERE'S AND WE ALSO OFFER 2369 01:55:17,880 --> 01:55:19,560 MINDFULNESS ONLINE AND EXPANDING 2370 01:55:19,560 --> 01:55:21,920 TO THE UNHOUSED POPULATION TO 2371 01:55:21,920 --> 01:55:23,520 BRING THIS TREATMENT TO A 2372 01:55:23,520 --> 01:55:23,960 BROADER POPULATION. 2373 01:55:23,960 --> 01:55:25,960 WITH THAT THANK YOU ALL FOR 2374 01:55:25,960 --> 01:55:27,320 LISTENING AND THANKS TO NIAA FOR 2375 01:55:27,320 --> 01:55:27,880 FUNDING AND HAPPY TO TAKE 2376 01:55:27,880 --> 01:55:34,080 QUESTIONS. 2377 01:55:34,080 --> 01:55:36,160 >>KATIE, THAT WAS A GREAT TALK 2378 01:55:36,160 --> 01:55:39,920 AND I'M SURE EVERYONE'S REALLY 2379 01:55:39,920 --> 01:55:40,240 APPRECIATIVE. 2380 01:55:40,240 --> 01:55:42,720 WE'RE GOING TO HOLD QUESTIONS 2381 01:55:42,720 --> 01:55:44,040 UNTIL AFTER FALK TALKS AND DO 2382 01:55:44,040 --> 01:55:46,000 THEM TOGETHER AND I PROMISE I 2383 01:55:46,000 --> 01:55:48,480 ALREADY HAVE A QUESTION READY SO 2384 01:55:48,480 --> 01:55:50,920 I'LL STIMULATE ACTIVITY IN YOUR 2385 01:55:50,920 --> 01:55:53,000 REGARD BUT I THINK IN THE 2386 01:55:53,000 --> 01:55:54,920 INTEREST OF THE WAY WE'RE 2387 01:55:54,920 --> 01:55:59,320 ORGANIZED TODAY WE'RE GOING TO 2388 01:55:59,320 --> 01:56:01,800 LET FALK DO HIS TALK AND TAKE 2389 01:56:01,800 --> 01:56:04,000 QUESTIONS FOR BOTH OF YOU AND 2390 01:56:04,000 --> 01:56:11,400 THAT MEANS YOU HAVE TO STICK 2391 01:56:11,400 --> 01:56:14,880 AROUND, FALK, AS WELL. 2392 01:56:14,880 --> 01:56:15,400 KATIE, THINK ABOUT SOME 2393 01:56:15,400 --> 01:56:24,720 QUESTIONS. 2394 01:56:24,720 --> 01:56:25,920 I'LL GIVE YOU A CHANCE THINK OF 2395 01:56:25,920 --> 01:56:28,360 MY QUESTION WHICH IS IF WE USE 2396 01:56:28,360 --> 01:56:30,840 THE DIFFERENT DOMAINS AS 2397 01:56:30,840 --> 01:56:32,720 CRITERION WHICH I'M IN FAVOR FOR 2398 01:56:32,720 --> 01:56:35,480 WILL WE HAVE TO ADJUST THEM FOR 2399 01:56:35,480 --> 01:56:36,680 THE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN 2400 01:56:36,680 --> 01:56:38,600 RACE AND CULTURE AND GENDER? 2401 01:56:38,600 --> 01:56:41,640 THINK ABOUT THAT AS A QUESTION 2402 01:56:41,640 --> 01:56:48,080 AND I'LL ASK IT AGAIN. 2403 01:56:48,080 --> 01:56:50,600 LET ME INTRODUCE HIM WHILE HE 2404 01:56:50,600 --> 01:56:51,960 GETS HIS SLIDES UP. 2405 01:56:51,960 --> 01:56:58,680 DR. FALK LOHOFF WORKS ON 2406 01:56:58,680 --> 01:57:01,840 GENOMICS ON NIAA AND RECEIVED 2407 01:57:01,840 --> 01:57:03,840 HIS DEGREE FROM HUMBOLDT 2408 01:57:03,840 --> 01:57:08,400 UNIVERSITY IN 2002 AND HAS A 2409 01:57:08,400 --> 01:57:11,120 FELLOWSHIP IN NEURO PSYCHO 2410 01:57:11,120 --> 01:57:12,560 FELLOWSHIP AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 2411 01:57:12,560 --> 01:57:13,840 PENNSYLVANIA AND WAS ASSISTANT 2412 01:57:13,840 --> 01:57:15,480 PROFESSOR OF PSYCHIATRY AT THE 2413 01:57:15,480 --> 01:57:18,960 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA FROM 2414 01:57:18,960 --> 01:57:20,640 2007 TO 2014 AFTER WHICH HE 2415 01:57:20,640 --> 01:57:24,040 JOINED THE NIH INTRAMURAL 2416 01:57:24,040 --> 01:57:31,760 PROGRAM AS A LASKER CLINICAL 2417 01:57:31,760 --> 01:57:33,840 RESEARCH INVESTIGATOR AND HAS 2418 01:57:33,840 --> 01:57:34,760 BEEN INVOLVED IN DIRECT PATIENT 2419 01:57:34,760 --> 01:57:36,720 CARE AND HIS RESEARCH IS 2420 01:57:36,720 --> 01:57:40,560 FOCUSSED ON TRANSLATIONAL 2421 01:57:40,560 --> 01:57:41,760 MEDICINE THAT SPANS MOLECULAR 2422 01:57:41,760 --> 01:57:46,880 AND EPIGENETICS AND PHARMACO 2423 01:57:46,880 --> 01:57:48,800 GENETICS AND EXPERIMENTAL 2424 01:57:48,800 --> 01:57:49,560 TRIALS. 2425 01:57:49,560 --> 01:57:51,000 FALK, IT'S ALL YOURS. 2426 01:57:51,000 --> 01:57:53,480 I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO YOUR TALK 2427 01:57:53,480 --> 01:57:57,120 ON ALCOHOL, AGING AND EPIGENETIC 2428 01:57:57,120 --> 01:57:57,360 TALKS. 2429 01:57:57,360 --> 01:57:58,760 >>THANK YOU FOR THE 2430 01:57:58,760 --> 01:57:59,640 INTRODUCTION AND INVITATION. 2431 01:57:59,640 --> 01:58:01,480 I'M EXCITED TO BE HERE TODAY. 2432 01:58:01,480 --> 01:58:03,600 CAN EVERYBODY HEAR ME OKAY? 2433 01:58:03,600 --> 01:58:13,680 GREAT. 2434 01:58:13,680 --> 01:58:16,160 I'LL BE TALKING ABOUT ALCOHOL, 2435 01:58:16,160 --> 01:58:26,640 AGING AND EPIGENETIC CLOCKS. 2436 01:58:31,440 --> 01:58:34,280 SO CLINICALLY WHEN WE SEE 2437 01:58:34,280 --> 01:58:35,640 PATIENTS WITH AN ALCOHOL USE 2438 01:58:35,640 --> 01:58:37,480 DISORDER OFTEN TIME THE 2439 01:58:37,480 --> 01:58:39,760 INDIVIDUALS LOOK OLDER THAN 2440 01:58:39,760 --> 01:58:42,880 STATED AGE THEY LOOK TIRED, WORN 2441 01:58:42,880 --> 01:58:45,040 AND AGE AND WE KNOW ALCOHOL USE 2442 01:58:45,040 --> 01:58:46,760 DISORDER HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED 2443 01:58:46,760 --> 01:58:48,760 WITH AGE-RELATED MORBIDITIES AND 2444 01:58:48,760 --> 01:58:51,120 OFTEN LEADS TO PREMATURE DEATH 2445 01:58:51,120 --> 01:58:54,920 THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF 2446 01:58:54,920 --> 01:58:57,960 AGING IN AUD ARE LARGE LARGELY 2447 01:58:57,960 --> 01:58:59,680 UNEXPLORE AND THE ASSOCIATION 2448 01:58:59,680 --> 01:59:02,640 ARE NOT WELL UNDERSTAND BETWEEN 2449 01:59:02,640 --> 01:59:04,040 AGING AND ALCOHOL. 2450 01:59:04,040 --> 01:59:05,240 WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 2451 01:59:05,240 --> 01:59:12,000 THIS SLIDE SHOWS THE PROFOUND 2452 01:59:12,000 --> 01:59:22,440 SOCIETY'S UNDERGOING NOW. 2453 01:59:26,120 --> 01:59:31,120 YOU CAN SEE THE DEMOGRAPHIC 2454 01:59:31,120 --> 01:59:32,240 CHANGES AND THIS IS INDIVIDUALS 2455 01:59:32,240 --> 01:59:39,080 65 YEARS AND OLDER AND IN THE 2456 01:59:39,080 --> 01:59:44,480 '70s AND '80s WAS 25% AND IN THE 2457 01:59:44,480 --> 01:59:46,560 NEXT YEARS WE'LL HAVE A MASSIVE 2458 01:59:46,560 --> 01:59:48,760 AMOUNT OF INDIVIDUAL THAT ARE 2459 01:59:48,760 --> 01:59:50,360 OLD AND THE INCREASE IN AGING IS 2460 01:59:50,360 --> 01:59:52,160 GOING TO CREATE CHALLENGING TO 2461 01:59:52,160 --> 01:59:57,120 THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS AS WE'LL 2462 01:59:57,120 --> 02:00:07,400 HAVE MORE AND MORE INDIVIDUAL 2463 02:00:07,400 --> 02:00:09,040 WHO'S DEVELOP CHRONIC DISEASES 2464 02:00:09,040 --> 02:00:11,440 AND IT WILL GET CHALLENGING TO 2465 02:00:11,440 --> 02:00:11,840 TREAT. 2466 02:00:11,840 --> 02:00:13,600 WE'VE BEEN FOCUSSING ON SICK 2467 02:00:13,600 --> 02:00:13,800 CARE. 2468 02:00:13,800 --> 02:00:15,480 AN INDIVIDUAL'S HEALTHY AND THEN 2469 02:00:15,480 --> 02:00:17,000 GETS SICK AND THEN FOCUS ON 2470 02:00:17,000 --> 02:00:19,920 WHATEVER IT IS, THE HEART 2471 02:00:19,920 --> 02:00:21,320 DISEASE, DIABETES AND DEVELOP 2472 02:00:21,320 --> 02:00:23,560 TREATMENTS FOR THESE DISEASES 2473 02:00:23,560 --> 02:00:25,520 AND A LOT OF TIMES THERE'S VERY 2474 02:00:25,520 --> 02:00:27,080 LITTLE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 2475 02:00:27,080 --> 02:00:28,400 SPECIALTIES AND TREATING THE 2476 02:00:28,400 --> 02:00:28,760 DISEASES. 2477 02:00:28,760 --> 02:00:31,760 THIS IS REALLY THE HALLMARK OF 2478 02:00:31,760 --> 02:00:32,920 THE LONGEVITY, RESEARCH FIELD 2479 02:00:32,920 --> 02:00:36,000 AND THAT IS THAT ONE OF THE 2480 02:00:36,000 --> 02:00:39,120 FACTORS -- THE BIGGEST RISK 2481 02:00:39,120 --> 02:00:41,200 FACTORS IN CHRONIC DISEASE IS 2482 02:00:41,200 --> 02:00:41,600 AGING. 2483 02:00:41,600 --> 02:00:44,040 PERHAPS A PARADIGM SHIFT IS 2484 02:00:44,040 --> 02:00:45,000 GOING FROM SICK CARE TO HEALTH 2485 02:00:45,000 --> 02:00:51,000 CARE. 2486 02:00:51,000 --> 02:00:52,320 THIS IS ANOTHER CARTOON SHOWING 2487 02:00:52,320 --> 02:00:53,880 THE APPROACH. 2488 02:00:53,880 --> 02:00:56,080 WHEN YOU START OUT AS A NEWBORN 2489 02:00:56,080 --> 02:00:57,320 AND WE HAVE A RELATIVELY HEALTHY 2490 02:00:57,320 --> 02:00:59,040 LIFE AND THEN AT SOME POINT 2491 02:00:59,040 --> 02:01:02,040 CHRONIC DISEASE SETS IN. 2492 02:01:02,040 --> 02:01:03,480 THE FIRST CHRONIC DISEASE AND 2493 02:01:03,480 --> 02:01:06,160 SECOND AND THIRD AND SO FORTH. 2494 02:01:06,160 --> 02:01:08,000 WE GET TREATMENT AND WE'RE 2495 02:01:08,000 --> 02:01:10,080 PRETTY GOOD IN DEVELOPING SOME 2496 02:01:10,080 --> 02:01:11,920 TREATMENT AND THE TREATMENT 2497 02:01:11,920 --> 02:01:14,640 UNFORTUNATELY RIGHT NOW IS NOT 2498 02:01:14,640 --> 02:01:15,280 CURING DISEASE BUT A LOT OF 2499 02:01:15,280 --> 02:01:19,040 TIMES JUST MANAGING DISEASE. 2500 02:01:19,040 --> 02:01:21,600 WE HAVE VERY FEW CURES AND 2501 02:01:21,600 --> 02:01:24,440 ULTIMATELY THE INDIVIDUAL FACES 2502 02:01:24,440 --> 02:01:24,680 MORTALITY. 2503 02:01:24,680 --> 02:01:29,360 THE IDEA OF INCREASING HEALTH IS 2504 02:01:29,360 --> 02:01:33,120 TO INCREASE THE DISEASE-FREE 2505 02:01:33,120 --> 02:01:36,200 PERIOD, ENHANCE HEALTH SPAN AND 2506 02:01:36,200 --> 02:01:37,440 COMPRESS MORBIDITY AS MUCH AS WE 2507 02:01:37,440 --> 02:01:40,440 CAN SO THAT THE INDIVIDUAL HAS 2508 02:01:40,440 --> 02:01:43,720 MUCH BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE BUT 2509 02:01:43,720 --> 02:01:45,520 ALSO WE CAN HARVEST THE ECONOMIC 2510 02:01:45,520 --> 02:01:49,480 BENEFITS FROM THIS. 2511 02:01:49,480 --> 02:01:50,720 WHY'S THIS SO IMPORTANT? 2512 02:01:50,720 --> 02:01:53,960 IT'S A GRAPH SHOWING SOME OF THE 2513 02:01:53,960 --> 02:01:55,520 ECONOMIC COST AND BENEFIT 2514 02:01:55,520 --> 02:01:56,240 ANALYSIS. 2515 02:01:56,240 --> 02:01:59,960 THIS IS SHOWING YOU IF WE DELAY 2516 02:01:59,960 --> 02:02:01,520 CANCER OR HEART DISEASE SHOWN 2517 02:02:01,520 --> 02:02:04,400 HERE WE HAVE SOME IMPACT BUT 2518 02:02:04,400 --> 02:02:10,360 REALLY IF WE DELAY AGING BY AND 2519 02:02:10,360 --> 02:02:13,400 LARGE WE OUTPERFORM, CANCER, 2520 02:02:13,400 --> 02:02:14,520 HEART DISEASE AND MOST OTHER 2521 02:02:14,520 --> 02:02:15,240 CHRONIC DISEASES. 2522 02:02:15,240 --> 02:02:17,800 A STUDY CAME OUT TWO YEARS AGO 2523 02:02:17,800 --> 02:02:19,320 THAT SHOWED IF YOU HAVE A 2524 02:02:19,320 --> 02:02:22,600 ONE-YEAR SLOW DOWN IN AGING, 2525 02:02:22,600 --> 02:02:24,280 THIS WOULD CREATE A $38 TRILLION 2526 02:02:24,280 --> 02:02:25,480 ECONOMIC BENEFIT. 2527 02:02:25,480 --> 02:02:31,440 THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT. 2528 02:02:31,440 --> 02:02:34,040 NOW WHAT ABOUT AGE AND ALCOHOL 2529 02:02:34,040 --> 02:02:35,720 AND WHAT'S THE MODIFIABLE RISK 2530 02:02:35,720 --> 02:02:39,520 FACTOR, IN THIS CASE, ALCOHOL ON 2531 02:02:39,520 --> 02:02:39,800 AGING? 2532 02:02:39,800 --> 02:02:42,520 HOW CAN WE MEASURE ALCOHOL 2533 02:02:42,520 --> 02:02:45,480 EFFECTS ON BIOLOGICAL AGING AND 2534 02:02:45,480 --> 02:02:48,640 WHAT IS IS A GOOD BIOMEDICAL 2535 02:02:48,640 --> 02:02:51,880 THAT TRACKS AGING AND WE FOCUS 2536 02:02:51,880 --> 02:02:54,840 ON METHYLATION TECHNOLOGY AS A 2537 02:02:54,840 --> 02:02:57,000 MEASURE OF AGING AND DNA 2538 02:02:57,000 --> 02:03:02,040 METHYLATION IS AN ADDITION OF 2539 02:03:02,040 --> 02:03:06,600 THE METHYL GROUP CYTOSINE FIVE 2540 02:03:06,600 --> 02:03:08,400 POSITION AND WE CAN MEASURE THEM 2541 02:03:08,400 --> 02:03:10,200 WITH TECHNOLOGY ACROSS THE 2542 02:03:10,200 --> 02:03:11,480 GENOME AND THIS IS SHOWN HERE. 2543 02:03:11,480 --> 02:03:15,160 THIS IS ONE OF THE CHIPS HERE 2544 02:03:15,160 --> 02:03:19,200 AND IT MEASURES OVER 850,000CPG 2545 02:03:19,200 --> 02:03:20,880 SITES, METHYLATION SITES ACROSS 2546 02:03:20,880 --> 02:03:22,600 THE GENOME AT THE SAME TIME. 2547 02:03:22,600 --> 02:03:25,280 SO WE CAN USE THIS TECHNOLOGY TO 2548 02:03:25,280 --> 02:03:27,160 ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS REGARDING 2549 02:03:27,160 --> 02:03:30,160 AGING AND BIOMARKERS. 2550 02:03:30,160 --> 02:03:35,120 SO THIS IS WHERE REALLY THE 2551 02:03:35,120 --> 02:03:38,560 BIOLOGICAL AGE IN EPIGENETIC 2552 02:03:38,560 --> 02:03:40,120 CLOCKS COME INTO THE SPACE. 2553 02:03:40,120 --> 02:03:43,080 EPIGENETIC AGE CAN BE ESTIMATE 2554 02:03:43,080 --> 02:03:46,840 DNA LEVELS AND THIS IS SOMETHING 2555 02:03:46,840 --> 02:03:54,360 THAT UCLA HAS PIONEERED AND HE 2556 02:03:54,360 --> 02:03:57,440 USED MACHINE LEARNING MODEL TO 2557 02:03:57,440 --> 02:04:02,760 ASK OUT OF MY 850,000CPG SITES 2558 02:04:02,760 --> 02:04:04,520 WHICH ONES TRACK CHRONOLOGICAL 2559 02:04:04,520 --> 02:04:06,120 AGE AND WAS ABLE TO COME UP WITH 2560 02:04:06,120 --> 02:04:11,480 A SET OF CPG SITES THAT VERY 2561 02:04:11,480 --> 02:04:12,440 ACCURATELY TRACK CHRONOLOGICAL 2562 02:04:12,440 --> 02:04:12,840 AGE. 2563 02:04:12,840 --> 02:04:15,280 YOU CAN GET A BLOOD DRAW AND GET 2564 02:04:15,280 --> 02:04:17,040 YOUR CPG SITES AND IT WILL 2565 02:04:17,040 --> 02:04:17,920 PREDICT YOUR BIOLOGICAL AGE. 2566 02:04:17,920 --> 02:04:28,440 WHEN YOU DO THAT YOU HAVE AND 2567 02:04:35,160 --> 02:04:37,040 YOU CAN HAVE DECELERATION AND 2568 02:04:37,040 --> 02:04:39,080 YOU'RE BELOW THE CURVE HERE. 2569 02:04:39,080 --> 02:04:42,080 SO WITH THE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS 2570 02:04:42,080 --> 02:04:43,840 LEE HORVATH WAS THE FIRST TO 2571 02:04:43,840 --> 02:04:46,040 DEVELOP THEM IN 2013 AND SINCE 2572 02:04:46,040 --> 02:04:49,440 THEN THERE HAVE BEEN OTHER 2573 02:04:49,440 --> 02:04:52,080 ITERATIONS AND SECOND GENERATION 2574 02:04:52,080 --> 02:04:52,560 CLOCKS, ETCETERA. 2575 02:04:52,560 --> 02:04:59,400 YOU CAN SEE INITIALLY WE HAVE 2576 02:04:59,400 --> 02:05:02,080 353 CPG SITES AND THEY GET MORE 2577 02:05:02,080 --> 02:05:04,840 AND MORE ACCURATE AND ALSO START 2578 02:05:04,840 --> 02:05:08,120 TO MEASURE DIFFERENT ASPECTS 2579 02:05:08,120 --> 02:05:10,480 INCLUDING LIFE SPAN, HEALTH SPAN 2580 02:05:10,480 --> 02:05:13,160 AND TAKE INTO ACCOUNT SEVERAL 2581 02:05:13,160 --> 02:05:15,040 OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES. 2582 02:05:15,040 --> 02:05:18,280 THIS IS ONGOING WORK THE 2583 02:05:18,280 --> 02:05:24,000 EPIGENETIC CLOCKS, ALGORITHMS, 2584 02:05:24,000 --> 02:05:24,920 IF YOU WILL, ARE GETTING BETTER 2585 02:05:24,920 --> 02:05:27,200 AND BETTER AT PREDICTING 2586 02:05:27,200 --> 02:05:29,480 BIOLOGICAL AGE. 2587 02:05:29,480 --> 02:05:35,240 WE DECIDED TO LOOK AT THESE IN A 2588 02:05:35,240 --> 02:05:39,280 SAMPLE OF ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 2589 02:05:39,280 --> 02:05:43,080 IN INDIVIDUALS AND LOOKED HAD 59 2590 02:05:43,080 --> 02:05:44,760 BLOOD CASES WITH THOSE WITH 2591 02:05:44,760 --> 02:05:46,080 ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND LIVER 2592 02:05:46,080 --> 02:05:49,000 SAMPLE, 46 CASES AND 46 2593 02:05:49,000 --> 02:05:49,280 CONTROLS. 2594 02:05:49,280 --> 02:05:53,200 AND WE HAD AT THE TIME A CHIP 2595 02:05:53,200 --> 02:05:55,840 THAT ONLY LOOKED AT 450,000 2596 02:05:55,840 --> 02:05:57,600 MARKERS AT THE TIME AND FOR 2597 02:05:57,600 --> 02:06:01,840 LIVER WE LOOKED AT 850,000 2598 02:06:01,840 --> 02:06:02,080 MARKERS. 2599 02:06:02,080 --> 02:06:03,360 HERE'S SOME OF THE 2600 02:06:03,360 --> 02:06:04,560 CHARACTERISTICS AND LET'S JUMP 2601 02:06:04,560 --> 02:06:05,760 TO THE RESULTS. 2602 02:06:05,760 --> 02:06:09,480 YOU CAN SEE IS THE BLOOD SAMPLE. 2603 02:06:09,480 --> 02:06:11,200 HERE'S THE AGE ACCELERATION. 2604 02:06:11,200 --> 02:06:16,440 THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION 2605 02:06:16,440 --> 02:06:22,600 IN THE FIRST HORVATH CLOCK AND 2606 02:06:22,600 --> 02:06:24,480 THE DARK SPOTS ABOVE THE LINE 2607 02:06:24,480 --> 02:06:26,720 ARE THE INDIVIDUALS WITH ALCOHOL 2608 02:06:26,720 --> 02:06:27,080 USE DISORDER. 2609 02:06:27,080 --> 02:06:32,840 WHEN WE LOOKED IN LIVER, WE SAW 2610 02:06:32,840 --> 02:06:38,680 THE SAME RESULT CASES OF 2611 02:06:38,680 --> 02:06:42,320 CIRRHOSIS AND THIS IS AGE 2612 02:06:42,320 --> 02:06:43,800 ACCELERATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH 2613 02:06:43,800 --> 02:06:44,920 CIRRHOSIS AND DECELERATION OF 2614 02:06:44,920 --> 02:06:53,480 NORMAL LIVER. 2615 02:06:53,480 --> 02:06:55,480 WE INCREASED OUR SAMPLE SIZE 2616 02:06:55,480 --> 02:07:01,640 NEARLY FIVE FOLD AND HAT 532 2617 02:07:01,640 --> 02:07:03,320 INDIVIDUALS AVAILABLE AND HERE'S 2618 02:07:03,320 --> 02:07:04,720 SOME OF THE DEMOGRAPHICS. 2619 02:07:04,720 --> 02:07:12,320 I WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT THIS IS SI 2620 02:07:12,320 --> 02:07:16,400 SEVERE ALCOHOL USE DISORDER 2621 02:07:16,400 --> 02:07:19,080 SAMPLE AND ABOUT 12 DRINKS PER 2622 02:07:19,080 --> 02:07:21,480 DAY. 2623 02:07:21,480 --> 02:07:26,600 THIS SAY PHENOTYPE STUDY. 2624 02:07:26,600 --> 02:07:32,080 WE USED THE AGE ACCELERATION 2625 02:07:32,080 --> 02:07:34,600 CLOCK AND IN THE CONTROLS WE SAW 2626 02:07:34,600 --> 02:07:36,000 MILD DECELERATION. 2627 02:07:36,000 --> 02:07:38,320 THEN AGAIN YOU CAN SEE BY AND 2628 02:07:38,320 --> 02:07:39,560 LARGE THE INDIVIDUALS WITH THE 2629 02:07:39,560 --> 02:07:45,160 AUD ARE ABOVE THE LINE AND SOME 2630 02:07:45,160 --> 02:07:55,240 HAVE A LARGER ACCELERATION. 2631 02:07:55,240 --> 02:07:57,840 WE ASKED WHAT ABOUT THE 2632 02:07:57,840 --> 02:08:01,320 INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE AN AUD BUT 2633 02:08:01,320 --> 02:08:04,640 ALREADY HAVE DAMAGE OR AN AUD 2634 02:08:04,640 --> 02:08:07,120 THAT IS ALSO HAVE ESSENTIALLY 2635 02:08:07,120 --> 02:08:09,920 ELEVATED LIVER ENZYMES AS A 2636 02:08:09,920 --> 02:08:11,720 SURROGATE MARKER FOR DISEASE 2637 02:08:11,720 --> 02:08:12,600 SEVERITY LET'S SAY. 2638 02:08:12,600 --> 02:08:17,600 WHAT YOU SEE HERE IS WE HAVE THE 2639 02:08:17,600 --> 02:08:19,800 ALT, ALP, GGT AND INDIVIDUALS 2640 02:08:19,800 --> 02:08:21,800 WITH THE HIGHEST GGT COMPARED TO 2641 02:08:21,800 --> 02:08:25,120 THE LOWEST GGT LEVEL AND ALL AUD 2642 02:08:25,120 --> 02:08:27,920 CASES AND YOU SEE A THREE YEAR 2643 02:08:27,920 --> 02:08:35,240 OR SO INCREASE IN EPIGENETIC AGE 2644 02:08:35,240 --> 02:08:39,720 ACCELERATION. 2645 02:08:39,720 --> 02:08:41,560 WE WERE INTERESTED IN FOLLOWING 2646 02:08:41,560 --> 02:08:46,840 THIS UP FURTHER AND ASKED QUA 2647 02:08:46,840 --> 02:08:51,960 ABOUT STRESS AND ALCOHOL AND 2648 02:08:51,960 --> 02:08:54,680 AGING AND WE KNOW STRESS CAN 2649 02:08:54,680 --> 02:08:58,360 ACCELERATE AGING AND IS THERE AN 2650 02:08:58,360 --> 02:09:00,200 INTERACTION AND ADDITIVE EFFECT? 2651 02:09:00,200 --> 02:09:04,040 WHAT WE DESIGN IS A STUDY WHERE 2652 02:09:04,040 --> 02:09:06,920 WE HAD A DISCOVERY COHORT AND 2653 02:09:06,920 --> 02:09:09,040 USED FACTOR ANALYSIS TO GENERATE 2654 02:09:09,040 --> 02:09:12,480 A COMPOSITE SCORE OF STRESS AND 2655 02:09:12,480 --> 02:09:18,320 WANTED TO TAKE IT FORWARD IN OUR 2656 02:09:18,320 --> 02:09:21,920 EPI GENGENO GENGENOMIC COHORT AD 2657 02:09:21,920 --> 02:09:26,240 OUR FINDINGS IN A LARGE 2658 02:09:26,240 --> 02:09:28,240 GENERATION SCOTLAND EPIGENETIC 2659 02:09:28,240 --> 02:09:29,480 COHORT AND THE GREATER TRAUMA 2660 02:09:29,480 --> 02:09:37,120 PROJECT SHOWN HERE. 2661 02:09:37,120 --> 02:09:39,040 WE HAVE CLINICAL MEASURES 2662 02:09:39,040 --> 02:09:44,080 AVAILABLE IN BIOLOGICAL MEASURES 2663 02:09:44,080 --> 02:09:52,120 AVAILABLE FROM OUR AUD MEASURES 2664 02:09:52,120 --> 02:09:56,960 AND DEPRESSION MEASURES AN 2665 02:09:56,960 --> 02:10:07,240 TRAUMA QUESTIONS AND WE ASKED 2666 02:10:07,240 --> 02:10:14,880 THE QUESTION DOES EPIGENETIC 2667 02:10:14,880 --> 02:10:25,400 AGING CORRELATE WITH THE STRESS 2668 02:10:25,760 --> 02:10:29,160 WHEN WE LOOK AT THE TOP AND 2669 02:10:29,160 --> 02:10:33,480 BOTTOM QUARTILES YOU SEE ROBUST 2670 02:10:33,480 --> 02:10:38,640 AGE ACCELERATION IN INDIVIDUALS 2671 02:10:38,640 --> 02:10:43,360 MOST STRESSED BASED ON THE 2672 02:10:43,360 --> 02:10:53,200 COMPOSITE SCORE WE ESSENTIALLY 2673 02:10:53,200 --> 02:10:57,280 DESIGN A METHYLATION TEST SCORE 2674 02:10:57,280 --> 02:11:01,240 AND WHAT ARE THE CPG SITES THAT 2675 02:11:01,240 --> 02:11:02,960 TRACK THIS STRESS SCORE 2676 02:11:02,960 --> 02:11:03,240 ACTIVELY? 2677 02:11:03,240 --> 02:11:06,160 THROUGH STATISTICAL MODELLING WE 2678 02:11:06,160 --> 02:11:13,720 IDENTIFIED 211 CPG SITES THAT 2679 02:11:13,720 --> 02:11:15,760 TRACK STRESS EXPOSURE ACCURATELY 2680 02:11:15,760 --> 02:11:17,440 AND THIS IS IN WHAT BIOLOGICAL 2681 02:11:17,440 --> 02:11:18,360 FUNCTION THEY'RE INVOLVED IN. 2682 02:11:18,360 --> 02:11:20,760 YOU SEE A LOT OF THEM ARE IN 2683 02:11:20,760 --> 02:11:23,480 CELL CYCLE FUNCTION, REGULATION 2684 02:11:23,480 --> 02:11:26,320 OF CELL DEATH, ETCETERA, 2685 02:11:26,320 --> 02:11:28,600 INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH SOME 2686 02:11:28,600 --> 02:11:30,240 NEUROGENESIS AND SO FORTH. 2687 02:11:30,240 --> 02:11:33,440 WHAT'S ALSO INTERESTING IS THE 2688 02:11:33,440 --> 02:11:37,000 211 CPG SITES THAT TRACK STRESS 2689 02:11:37,000 --> 02:11:40,800 DON'T OVERLAP WITH THE AGING CPG 2690 02:11:40,800 --> 02:11:42,360 SITES THAT TRACK CHRONOLOGICAL 2691 02:11:42,360 --> 02:11:43,400 AND BIOLOGICAL AGE. 2692 02:11:43,400 --> 02:11:45,200 THAT WAS INTERESTING. 2693 02:11:45,200 --> 02:11:47,200 WE TOOK FORWARD THE METHYLATION 2694 02:11:47,200 --> 02:11:51,880 SCORE OF STRESS AND YOU CAN SEE 2695 02:11:51,880 --> 02:11:53,520 THE HIGHER METHYLATION SCORE OF 2696 02:11:53,520 --> 02:11:55,560 STRESSES THE HIGHER AND FASTER 2697 02:11:55,560 --> 02:11:58,160 YOU AGE AND WE SHOWED THIS AGAIN 2698 02:11:58,160 --> 02:12:03,160 ACROSS ALL THREE CLOCKS WE USED. 2699 02:12:03,160 --> 02:12:05,320 WHEN WE LOOK AT LOW AND HIGH 2700 02:12:05,320 --> 02:12:08,840 STRESS QUARTILES YOU SEE ROBUST 2701 02:12:08,840 --> 02:12:10,800 AGE ACCELERATION WITH STRESS AND 2702 02:12:10,800 --> 02:12:13,920 HERE WHEN WE JUST LOOK AT 2703 02:12:13,920 --> 02:12:17,400 INDIVIDUALS WITH AUD, WE SEE 2704 02:12:17,400 --> 02:12:20,120 EVEN MORE SO A DRAMATIC INCREASE 2705 02:12:20,120 --> 02:12:24,480 IN AGE ACCELERATION ALMOST LIKE 2706 02:12:24,480 --> 02:12:25,360 THREE OR FOUR YEARS ALMOST. 2707 02:12:25,360 --> 02:12:27,240 SO THEN BASED ON THAT FINDING WE 2708 02:12:27,240 --> 02:12:32,320 THEN ASKED A QUESTION, CAN WE 2709 02:12:32,320 --> 02:12:34,240 INTEGRATE ALCOHOL USE MEASURES 2710 02:12:34,240 --> 02:12:35,160 AND STRESS MEASURES IN THE SAME 2711 02:12:35,160 --> 02:12:39,640 MODEL AND FOR THAT WE USED 2712 02:12:39,640 --> 02:12:41,480 METHYLATION SCORES OF ALCOHOL 2713 02:12:41,480 --> 02:12:42,960 CONSUMPTION AND USED METHYLATION 2714 02:12:42,960 --> 02:12:44,160 SCORES FOR STRESS WE JUST 2715 02:12:44,160 --> 02:12:45,960 DEVELOPED AND HERE ARE THE 2716 02:12:45,960 --> 02:12:46,160 RESULTS. 2717 02:12:46,160 --> 02:12:48,320 WE CAN SEE BASICALLY IF YOU ARE 2718 02:12:48,320 --> 02:12:50,360 A LOW METHYLATION STRESS SCORE, 2719 02:12:50,360 --> 02:12:52,680 LOW METHYLATION SCORE FOR 2720 02:12:52,680 --> 02:12:54,240 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION YOU ARE HERE 2721 02:12:54,240 --> 02:12:55,600 AND THIS IS THE LOW HIGH. 2722 02:12:55,600 --> 02:12:59,600 THIS IS THE HIGH-LOW AND THE 2723 02:12:59,600 --> 02:12:59,840 HIGH-HIGH. 2724 02:12:59,840 --> 02:13:02,480 THOSE WITH HIGH METHYLATION 2725 02:13:02,480 --> 02:13:04,160 STRESS SCORE AND HIGH 2726 02:13:04,160 --> 02:13:07,160 METHYLATION ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION 2727 02:13:07,160 --> 02:13:07,720 SCORE. 2728 02:13:07,720 --> 02:13:10,120 YOU SEE THIS NICE STEP WEDGE 2729 02:13:10,120 --> 02:13:12,880 INFECTIOUS FOR THE PHENOAND GRIM 2730 02:13:12,880 --> 02:13:15,840 AGE AND IMPORTANTLY WE THEN WENT 2731 02:13:15,840 --> 02:13:18,840 INTO AN INDEPENDENT SAMPLE AND 2732 02:13:18,840 --> 02:13:22,600 REPLICATED ROBUSTLY THE SAME 2733 02:13:22,600 --> 02:13:23,520 FINDING HERE. 2734 02:13:23,520 --> 02:13:27,440 AND REALLY IT'S AN ADDITIVE 2735 02:13:27,440 --> 02:13:29,480 EFFECT THAT STRESS AND ALCOHOL 2736 02:13:29,480 --> 02:13:33,480 IS ADDITIVE AND ACCELERATES YOUR 2737 02:13:33,480 --> 02:13:34,160 AGING EVEN FURTHER. 2738 02:13:34,160 --> 02:13:36,360 THEN THE NEXT QUESTION IS ARE 2739 02:13:36,360 --> 02:13:38,080 THERE ADDITIONAL MARKERS OF 2740 02:13:38,080 --> 02:13:39,440 CELLULAR AGING. 2741 02:13:39,440 --> 02:13:42,440 THIS IS WHEN WE LOOKED AT 2742 02:13:42,440 --> 02:13:42,720 TELOMERES. 2743 02:13:42,720 --> 02:13:45,520 YOU MAY BE FAMILIAR WITH THEM 2744 02:13:45,520 --> 02:13:49,080 THEY'RE REPETITIVE NUCLEOTIDE 2745 02:13:49,080 --> 02:13:50,360 SEQUENCES AT THEN OF THE 2746 02:13:50,360 --> 02:13:55,000 CHROMOSOME AND PROTECT THE DNA 2747 02:13:55,000 --> 02:13:57,760 AGAINST DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS AND 2748 02:13:57,760 --> 02:14:01,400 SHORTEN WITH EVERY CELL CYCLE 2749 02:14:01,400 --> 02:14:03,240 DIVISION ULTIMATELY CONTRIBUTING 2750 02:14:03,240 --> 02:14:05,200 TO CELL CYCLE ARREST. 2751 02:14:05,200 --> 02:14:07,280 A TELOMERE CAN BE MEASURED 2752 02:14:07,280 --> 02:14:13,480 TYPICALLY BY PCR OR BLOTTING AND 2753 02:14:13,480 --> 02:14:15,120 THESE TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN 2754 02:14:15,120 --> 02:14:16,920 CHALLENGING AND FINICKY AND IT'S 2755 02:14:16,920 --> 02:14:20,360 HARD TO MEASURE AND IN 2019 2756 02:14:20,360 --> 02:14:24,160 HORVATH'S GROUP DEVELOPED AN 2757 02:14:24,160 --> 02:14:28,360 ALGORITHM BY WHICH WE CAN USE 2758 02:14:28,360 --> 02:14:30,680 SITES TO TRACK TELOMERE LINKS WE 2759 02:14:30,680 --> 02:14:35,200 SAID THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY AND 2760 02:14:35,200 --> 02:14:40,640 LET'S LOOK IN OUR SAMPLE AND 2761 02:14:40,640 --> 02:14:43,280 THIS IS WHAT WE FOUND. 2762 02:14:43,280 --> 02:14:46,360 YOU SEE THE TELOMERE LENGTH AND 2763 02:14:46,360 --> 02:14:50,800 THE AGE AND ROBUST NOT ONLY THE 2764 02:14:50,800 --> 02:14:52,280 TELOMERES SHORTEN WITH BUT IN 2765 02:14:52,280 --> 02:14:55,000 THE AUD GROUP YOU HAVE EVEN 2766 02:14:55,000 --> 02:14:56,600 SHORTER TELOMERES AND YOU SEE IN 2767 02:14:56,600 --> 02:15:01,480 THE BAR GRAPH REDUCTION IN 2768 02:15:01,480 --> 02:15:02,120 TELOMERE LINK QUITE SIGNIFICANT. 2769 02:15:02,120 --> 02:15:03,520 SO INTERESTING FINDING 2770 02:15:03,520 --> 02:15:04,880 CONFIRMING WHAT WE SEE IN THE 2771 02:15:04,880 --> 02:15:09,640 EPIGONETIC CLAUSE. 2772 02:15:09,640 --> 02:15:12,800 -- EPIGENOMIC CLAUSE AND WE LOOK 2773 02:15:12,800 --> 02:15:14,960 AT PHENOTYPES AND SEVERITY OF 2774 02:15:14,960 --> 02:15:16,840 DRINKING AND GGT, ETCETERA, WE 2775 02:15:16,840 --> 02:15:20,120 SEE ALL THE PHENOTYPES HAVE A 2776 02:15:20,120 --> 02:15:22,160 STRONG CORRELATION WITH REDUCED 2777 02:15:22,160 --> 02:15:31,040 TELOMERE LENGTH. 2778 02:15:31,040 --> 02:15:35,000 I'VE SHOWN YOU ALCOHOL SHORTENS 2779 02:15:35,000 --> 02:15:37,160 TELOMERE LENGTH AND THE 2780 02:15:37,160 --> 02:15:39,200 INCREASES AGING AND WHAT ARE THE 2781 02:15:39,200 --> 02:15:41,240 MECHANISMS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED 2782 02:15:41,240 --> 02:15:41,640 AGING? 2783 02:15:41,640 --> 02:15:43,800 TO ADDRESS THAT QUESTION OUR LAB 2784 02:15:43,800 --> 02:15:54,000 USES A MULTIOMICS APPROACH AND 2785 02:15:54,000 --> 02:15:55,720 METABOLOMICS AND THE KEY IS TO 2786 02:15:55,720 --> 02:15:56,600 INCORPORATE THEM TO ANSWER SOME 2787 02:15:56,600 --> 02:16:00,120 OF THE COMPLEX QUESTIONS. 2788 02:16:00,120 --> 02:16:02,360 AND SO WE HAVE RIGHT NOW WE HAVE 2789 02:16:02,360 --> 02:16:04,360 A LARGE OPPORTUNITY IN THE FIELD 2790 02:16:04,360 --> 02:16:08,560 BECAUSE LARGE GENOMIC DATA SETS 2791 02:16:08,560 --> 02:16:09,760 BECOME AVAILABLE AND HAVE BECOME 2792 02:16:09,760 --> 02:16:12,240 AVAILABLE AND WE HAVE 2793 02:16:12,240 --> 02:16:14,480 TRANSCRIPTOMICS, METABOLOMICS 2794 02:16:14,480 --> 02:16:17,040 AND DATA SETS AND HAVE GWAS 2795 02:16:17,040 --> 02:16:20,040 AVAILABLE INCLUDING THE FIRST 2796 02:16:20,040 --> 02:16:24,040 GWAS OF EPIGENETIC AGE 2797 02:16:24,040 --> 02:16:24,360 ACCELERATION. 2798 02:16:24,360 --> 02:16:33,160 WE CONTRIBUTED TO THIS AND THE 2799 02:16:33,160 --> 02:16:36,360 GWAS IDENTIFIED LOCI AND THERE 2800 02:16:36,360 --> 02:16:39,560 WERE GWAS THAT ANALYZED SNIPS 2801 02:16:39,560 --> 02:16:41,680 WITH HEALTH SPAN AND PARENTAL 2802 02:16:41,680 --> 02:16:43,120 LIFE SPAN AND EXCEPTIONAL LIFE 2803 02:16:43,120 --> 02:16:43,760 SPAN. 2804 02:16:43,760 --> 02:16:48,920 OUR IDEA WAS TO USE THESE DATA 2805 02:16:48,920 --> 02:16:52,600 SETS AND GET TO SOME OF THE 2806 02:16:52,600 --> 02:16:53,120 UNDERLYING BIOLOGY. 2807 02:16:53,120 --> 02:16:55,080 HERE ARE THE DATA SETS WE USED 2808 02:16:55,080 --> 02:17:00,120 AND THEN FIRST CONDUCTED A 2809 02:17:00,120 --> 02:17:00,720 TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION 2810 02:17:00,720 --> 02:17:05,200 STUDY THEN FOLLOWED UP BY A 2811 02:17:05,200 --> 02:17:08,960 RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS AND ALSO 2812 02:17:08,960 --> 02:17:10,600 PERFORMED A METABOLOME ANALYSIS 2813 02:17:10,600 --> 02:17:11,640 AND I'M JUST GOING TO HIGHLIGHT 2814 02:17:11,640 --> 02:17:14,120 A COUPLE OF THE FINDINGS FOR 2815 02:17:14,120 --> 02:17:14,360 TODAY. 2816 02:17:14,360 --> 02:17:17,200 AND WE JUST PUBLISHED THIS PAPER 2817 02:17:17,200 --> 02:17:18,240 IN NATURE COMMUNICATIONS. 2818 02:17:18,240 --> 02:17:20,840 SO IN OUR TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE 2819 02:17:20,840 --> 02:17:22,920 ASSOCIATION STUDY OF EPIGENETIC 2820 02:17:22,920 --> 02:17:24,560 AGING WHAT YOU CAN SEE REALLY 2821 02:17:24,560 --> 02:17:27,040 AND I'M GOING STRAIGHT TO THE 2822 02:17:27,040 --> 02:17:29,480 FINDING IS HERE ARE OUR FOUR 2823 02:17:29,480 --> 02:17:32,120 CLOCKS WE LOOKED AT AND ABOVE 2824 02:17:32,120 --> 02:17:35,680 ARE UP REGULATED AND DOWN 2825 02:17:35,680 --> 02:17:36,880 REGULATED TRANSCRIPT AND THE 2826 02:17:36,880 --> 02:17:39,160 LONG STORY SHORT IS YOU SEE SOME 2827 02:17:39,160 --> 02:17:41,960 OF THE TRANSCRIPTS BETWEEN ALL 2828 02:17:41,960 --> 02:17:44,960 THESE CLOCKS YOU HAVE UP AND 2829 02:17:44,960 --> 02:17:45,760 DOWN REGULATION BUT THERE'S 2830 02:17:45,760 --> 02:17:47,600 LITTLE OVERLAP AND WHEN WE LOOK 2831 02:17:47,600 --> 02:17:49,200 AT WHAT IS THE OVERLAP BETWEEN 2832 02:17:49,200 --> 02:17:52,200 THE CLOCKS, WHAT WE SEE IN 2833 02:17:52,200 --> 02:17:54,600 PARTICULAR COMPARING IT TO 2834 02:17:54,600 --> 02:17:57,480 LONGEVITY IS THE CLOCKS MEASURE 2835 02:17:57,480 --> 02:18:00,240 A LITTLE BIT OF DIFFERENT THINGS 2836 02:18:00,240 --> 02:18:05,360 THAN THE MULTIVARIATE LONGEVITY 2837 02:18:05,360 --> 02:18:06,040 AND THAT'S DIFFERENT. 2838 02:18:06,040 --> 02:18:16,040 WHEN WE LOOK AT THE TOP FINDINGS 2839 02:18:16,040 --> 02:18:19,440 THE TRANSCRIPTOMES AND SOME HAVE 2840 02:18:19,440 --> 02:18:22,600 BEEN BRAND NEW INCLUDING FLOAT 1 2841 02:18:22,600 --> 02:18:27,320 AND K-NA4 AND OTHERS IDENTIFIED 2842 02:18:27,320 --> 02:18:29,440 SEVEN HIGH-CONFIDENCE 2843 02:18:29,440 --> 02:18:31,040 ASSOCIATIONS WITH MULTI-VARIATE 2844 02:18:31,040 --> 02:18:31,280 LONGEVITY. 2845 02:18:31,280 --> 02:18:37,280 WHAT IS THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION 2846 02:18:37,280 --> 02:18:37,680 REALLY? 2847 02:18:37,680 --> 02:18:43,680 FOR EXAMPLE, ONE IS FLOT 1 AND 2848 02:18:43,680 --> 02:18:46,280 ONE IS ASSOCIATED WITH AMYLOID 2849 02:18:46,280 --> 02:18:47,160 FORMATION AND CELLULAR RESPONSE 2850 02:18:47,160 --> 02:18:49,480 TO OXIDATIVE STRESS. 2851 02:18:49,480 --> 02:18:55,440 WE HAVE KPNA 4 ASSOCIATED WITH A 2852 02:18:55,440 --> 02:18:57,160 FACTOR INVOLVED IN MULTIPLE 2853 02:18:57,160 --> 02:19:03,560 CANCERS AND WE HAVE TMX2 ENCODE 2854 02:19:03,560 --> 02:19:14,280 ED WITH A PROTEIN FOLD IING AND 2855 02:19:15,320 --> 02:19:16,640 ASSOCIATED WITH BRAIN 2856 02:19:16,640 --> 02:19:18,320 ABNORMALITIES. 2857 02:19:18,320 --> 02:19:25,880 WHEN WE LOOK AT THE GENES AND 2858 02:19:25,880 --> 02:19:31,200 TRANSCRIPTS ONE AND IDENTIFY 2859 02:19:31,200 --> 02:19:32,800 GENES IN SIGNALLING AND 2860 02:19:32,800 --> 02:19:34,800 MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONS AND 2861 02:19:34,800 --> 02:19:38,720 CELLULAR ROOMINGS -- RESPONSES 2862 02:19:38,720 --> 02:19:41,680 TO STRESS AND METABOLISM AND 2863 02:19:41,680 --> 02:19:44,200 IT'S INTERESTING BECAUSE ALL 2864 02:19:44,200 --> 02:19:48,560 THESE ARE INVOLVED WITH AGING. 2865 02:19:48,560 --> 02:19:58,000 WE LOOKED AT THE MENDELIAN 2866 02:19:58,000 --> 02:19:59,960 RANDOMIZATION AND WE USED THE 2867 02:19:59,960 --> 02:20:05,800 BIO BANK PLATFORM AND HAVE 2868 02:20:05,800 --> 02:20:16,480 115,000 INDIVIDUALS AND WE HAVE 2869 02:20:19,680 --> 02:20:23,360 FINDINGS IN TERMS OF METABOLITES 2870 02:20:23,360 --> 02:20:25,680 BAD FOR LONGEVITY AND YOU SEE 2871 02:20:25,680 --> 02:20:27,600 THE RATIO AND RIGHT BEHIND IT IS 2872 02:20:27,600 --> 02:20:30,040 LDL CHOLESTEROL. 2873 02:20:30,040 --> 02:20:33,280 AND ON THE OTHER SIDE THE GOOD 2874 02:20:33,280 --> 02:20:36,120 METABOLITES HDL COMES UP AND 2875 02:20:36,120 --> 02:20:38,560 THIS CONFIRMS WHAT WE'VE SEEN IN 2876 02:20:38,560 --> 02:20:40,080 MEDICINE FOR A LONG TIME AND 2877 02:20:40,080 --> 02:20:42,640 THIS IS THE TARGET OF STATINS 2878 02:20:42,640 --> 02:20:47,040 AND THE STAR GET OF RECENT PCSK9 2879 02:20:47,040 --> 02:20:48,720 INHIBITORS AND WHAT'S 2880 02:20:48,720 --> 02:20:53,800 INTERESTING IN PARTICULAR FOR 2881 02:20:53,800 --> 02:21:02,200 THE PCSK9 INHIBITERS THE 2882 02:21:02,200 --> 02:21:03,400 LONGEVITY FIELD IS GETTING 2883 02:21:03,400 --> 02:21:04,760 INTERESTING IN TARGETING SOME OF 2884 02:21:04,760 --> 02:21:04,960 THESE. 2885 02:21:04,960 --> 02:21:08,280 IN SUMMARY I'VE SHOWN YOU 2886 02:21:08,280 --> 02:21:12,040 ALCOHOL ACCELERATES CELLULAR 2887 02:21:12,040 --> 02:21:14,440 AGING AND SHORTENS LONGEVITY AND 2888 02:21:14,440 --> 02:21:17,080 ON AVERAGE THERE WAS A FOUR-YEAR 2889 02:21:17,080 --> 02:21:27,600 ACCELERATION AND ONE YEAR OF 2890 02:21:36,080 --> 02:21:40,280 SLOW DOWN SAVED $38 TRILLION AND 2891 02:21:40,280 --> 02:21:46,400 WE LOOKED AT LIPIDS PLAYING A 2892 02:21:46,400 --> 02:21:52,560 MAJOR ROLE IN LONGEVITY AND 2893 02:21:52,560 --> 02:21:54,560 UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISM OF 2894 02:21:54,560 --> 02:21:57,000 LIPIDS AND I'LL FINISH HERE AND 2895 02:21:57,000 --> 02:22:01,120 ACKNOWLEDGE MY LAB TEAM. 2896 02:22:01,120 --> 02:22:04,960 THIS IS WORK BY JEESUN YOUNG AND 2897 02:22:04,960 --> 02:22:05,720 THE TEAM. 2898 02:22:05,720 --> 02:22:06,120 THANK YOU. 2899 02:22:06,120 --> 02:22:12,440 I'M HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS. 2900 02:22:12,440 --> 02:22:13,560 >>THANK YOU, FALK. 2901 02:22:13,560 --> 02:22:15,000 THAT WAS REALLY GOOD. 2902 02:22:15,000 --> 02:22:16,640 I'LL BE THE MONITOR OF THE 2903 02:22:16,640 --> 02:22:20,600 QUESTIONS AND SO I'M GOING TO 2904 02:22:20,600 --> 02:22:21,040 ALTERNATE QUESTIONS. 2905 02:22:21,040 --> 02:22:24,200 I'LL START WITH KATIE. 2906 02:22:24,200 --> 02:22:26,920 AND MY QUESTION, KATIE TO REMIND 2907 02:22:26,920 --> 02:22:30,000 YOU WAS, ARE WE GOING HAVE TO 2908 02:22:30,000 --> 02:22:32,040 CHANGE SOME OF THE SCALES AND 2909 02:22:32,040 --> 02:22:36,640 TESTS PUT INTO THE DOMAIN 2910 02:22:36,640 --> 02:22:40,440 CRITERIA MODELS TO ACCOMMODATE 2911 02:22:40,440 --> 02:22:43,960 DIFFERENCES IN RACE, CULTURE AND 2912 02:22:43,960 --> 02:22:47,800 GENDER? 2913 02:22:47,800 --> 02:22:58,360 I MEAN, IN OTHER WORDS, LOOKING 2914 02:23:00,840 --> 02:23:01,200 THE FUNCTIONING. 2915 02:23:01,200 --> 02:23:04,080 >>WE FOUND DIFFERENCES 2916 02:23:04,080 --> 02:23:05,040 DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS INDICATING 2917 02:23:05,040 --> 02:23:06,760 THE ITEMS WERE NOT FUNCTIONING 2918 02:23:06,760 --> 02:23:08,440 EXACTLY THE SAME ACROSS THE 2919 02:23:08,440 --> 02:23:13,520 DIFFERENT GROUPS AND THAT'S WHY 2920 02:23:13,520 --> 02:23:17,920 THE PROSPECTIVE WORK IS CRITICAL 2921 02:23:17,920 --> 02:23:20,960 TO IDENTIFYING ITEMS THAT MAY BE 2922 02:23:20,960 --> 02:23:23,360 MORE UNIVERSAL THAT MAY WORK 2923 02:23:23,360 --> 02:23:25,480 ACROSS DIFFERENT GROUPS AND 2924 02:23:25,480 --> 02:23:28,080 DOING SO VIA EXPENSIVE COGNITIVE 2925 02:23:28,080 --> 02:23:29,400 INTERVIEWING AND QUALITATIVE 2926 02:23:29,400 --> 02:23:32,160 MIXED METHODS AND ADAPTIVE 2927 02:23:32,160 --> 02:23:35,080 TESTING TO IDENTIFY WHICH ITEMS 2928 02:23:35,080 --> 02:23:36,680 MIGHT WORK BEST TO STUDY THESE 2929 02:23:36,680 --> 02:23:40,040 DOMAINS IN A WAY THAT WOULD BE 2930 02:23:40,040 --> 02:23:43,640 AS UNIVERSAL AS WE CAN. 2931 02:23:43,640 --> 02:23:47,280 AND I LIKE TO THINK IN ANY 2932 02:23:47,280 --> 02:23:51,360 PSYCHO METRIC STUDY WHERE 2933 02:23:51,360 --> 02:23:52,480 MEASUREMENT IS A TOPIC AND AT 2934 02:23:52,480 --> 02:23:55,400 THE SAME TIME CURRENTLY WE'RE AT 2935 02:23:55,400 --> 02:23:59,360 SMALL TO MEDIUM EFFECT SIZES AND 2936 02:23:59,360 --> 02:24:00,840 IF WE CAN GET A LITTLE BIT 2937 02:24:00,840 --> 02:24:02,960 HIGHER AND NOT HAVE AS PERFECT 2938 02:24:02,960 --> 02:24:05,000 MEASUREMENT BUT PRETTY GOOD 2939 02:24:05,000 --> 02:24:06,480 MEASUREMENT IT WOULD BE GOOD. 2940 02:24:06,480 --> 02:24:09,960 I THINK WE WANT TO IMPROVE OUR 2941 02:24:09,960 --> 02:24:11,280 MEASUREMENT AND THINK OF AND 2942 02:24:11,280 --> 02:24:13,240 GENDER AND ALL THE DIFFERENT 2943 02:24:13,240 --> 02:24:14,800 GROUPS THAT MIGHT INFLUENCE HOW 2944 02:24:14,800 --> 02:24:15,880 PEOPLE RESPOND TO THESE ITEMS 2945 02:24:15,880 --> 02:24:21,520 AND AT THE SAME TIME I THINK 2946 02:24:21,520 --> 02:24:25,480 IT'S A FEATURE. 2947 02:24:25,480 --> 02:24:25,960 >>GREAT. 2948 02:24:25,960 --> 02:24:28,440 I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING 2949 02:24:28,440 --> 02:24:30,120 SOME OF THOSE ANALYSES. 2950 02:24:30,120 --> 02:24:31,600 IT WILL BE INTERESTING FOR HOW 2951 02:24:31,600 --> 02:24:34,120 YOU GO FORWARD. 2952 02:24:34,120 --> 02:24:40,000 FALK, MY QUESTION IS A 2953 02:24:40,000 --> 02:24:50,280 SIMPLISTIC ONE. 2954 02:24:54,920 --> 02:24:58,960 IS THERE EFFECT BY WHAT WE AUTO 2955 02:24:58,960 --> 02:25:07,080 EAT AND HAVE YOU LOOKED AT DIET? 2956 02:25:07,080 --> 02:25:08,160 WHETHER SOME SUBJECTS ARE 2957 02:25:08,160 --> 02:25:09,600 DIABETES OR PRE-DIABETES. 2958 02:25:09,600 --> 02:25:12,040 >>THANK YOU, GEORGE, GREAT 2959 02:25:12,040 --> 02:25:12,320 QUESTION. 2960 02:25:12,320 --> 02:25:16,560 OF COURSE SO DIET IS A BIG 2961 02:25:16,560 --> 02:25:16,800 FACTOR. 2962 02:25:16,800 --> 02:25:19,880 WEIGHT AND BMI IS ONE OF THE 2963 02:25:19,880 --> 02:25:21,880 BIGGEST FACTORS FOR AGE 2964 02:25:21,880 --> 02:25:22,720 ACCELERATION AND WHAT'S 2965 02:25:22,720 --> 02:25:27,320 INTERESTING IS WHEN HAVE YOU 2966 02:25:27,320 --> 02:25:30,920 SOME INDIVIDUALS DRINKING 12, 2967 02:25:30,920 --> 02:25:34,560 15, 20 DRINKS A DAY IS A LOT OF 2968 02:25:34,560 --> 02:25:35,600 CALORIE AND A CERTAIN TYPE OF 2969 02:25:35,600 --> 02:25:36,080 CALORIE. 2970 02:25:36,080 --> 02:25:38,320 MAYBE NOT THE HEALTHIEST 2971 02:25:38,320 --> 02:25:38,560 CALORIE. 2972 02:25:38,560 --> 02:25:41,840 I THINK YOU'RE RIGHT THERE IS 2973 02:25:41,840 --> 02:25:45,360 PROBABLY SOME UNDERLYING 2974 02:25:45,360 --> 02:25:46,720 METABOLOMIC EFFECTS THERE AND 2975 02:25:46,720 --> 02:25:48,400 THAT'S BEING ACTIVELY 2976 02:25:48,400 --> 02:25:48,680 RESEARCHED. 2977 02:25:48,680 --> 02:25:49,400 >>OKAY. 2978 02:25:49,400 --> 02:25:51,680 SO I SAID MY QUESTIONS BUT I CAN 2979 02:25:51,680 --> 02:25:54,720 ALWAYS KEEP GOING WITH LOTS OF 2980 02:25:54,720 --> 02:26:05,480 QUESTIONS BUT CHRISTICHRISTINA. 2981 02:26:12,800 --> 02:26:14,760 >>-- LINEARLY AND THERE WAS A 2982 02:26:14,760 --> 02:26:18,640 PAPER PUBLISHED LAST WEEK IN THE 2983 02:26:18,640 --> 02:26:20,160 NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL SHOWING LONG 2984 02:26:20,160 --> 02:26:21,440 TELOMERE LIFE ASSOCIATED WITH 2985 02:26:21,440 --> 02:26:22,680 CANCER AND WONDERING IF IT WOULD 2986 02:26:22,680 --> 02:26:24,760 BE INTERESTING TO LOOK AT PEOPLE 2987 02:26:24,760 --> 02:26:26,920 WITH INTERESTINGLY LONG TELOMERE 2988 02:26:26,920 --> 02:26:28,320 LENGTH AS WELL. 2989 02:26:28,320 --> 02:26:29,400 >>GOOD SUGGESTION. 2990 02:26:29,400 --> 02:26:29,640 THANKS. 2991 02:26:29,640 --> 02:26:40,160 >>OTHER COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS? 2992 02:26:44,280 --> 02:26:50,120 >>I'M WONDERING WITH THE 2993 02:26:50,120 --> 02:26:52,360 EPIGENETICS AND YOU FOUND 2994 02:26:52,360 --> 02:26:54,760 FACTORS IN THE METABOLITES IS 2995 02:26:54,760 --> 02:26:56,440 THERE A CONNECTION IN TERMS OF 2996 02:26:56,440 --> 02:26:58,960 PATHWAYS OR IS THAT IN PROGRESS? 2997 02:26:58,960 --> 02:27:01,920 >>THIS IS IN PROGRESS OF COURSE 2998 02:27:01,920 --> 02:27:03,440 TO OVERLAY THEM THEN 2999 02:27:03,440 --> 02:27:06,480 FUNCTIONALLY AND MAKE SENSE OF 3000 02:27:06,480 --> 02:27:09,080 THEM GOING FROM TRANSCRIPTOMICS 3001 02:27:09,080 --> 02:27:15,080 TO PROTEOME TO METABOLOME. 3002 02:27:15,080 --> 02:27:17,640 ONE IS VIABILITY OF TISSUE FROM 3003 02:27:17,640 --> 02:27:18,800 ALL SOURCES. 3004 02:27:18,800 --> 02:27:21,840 THAT'S A CHALLENGE AND SO RIGHT 3005 02:27:21,840 --> 02:27:25,760 NOW WE'RE USING AVAILABLE BIG 3006 02:27:25,760 --> 02:27:26,920 DATA THAT'S AVAILABLE AND THE 3007 02:27:26,920 --> 02:27:29,480 DATA I SHOWED YOU WAS MOSTLY IN 3008 02:27:29,480 --> 02:27:32,480 HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS FOR THE 3009 02:27:32,480 --> 02:27:34,400 TRANSCRIPT OMICS WORK. 3010 02:27:34,400 --> 02:27:40,200 WE NEED TO GET BETTER DATA SETS 3011 02:27:40,200 --> 02:27:50,600 AND SOME ARE ASSOCIATE. 3012 02:27:52,160 --> 02:27:55,440 WITH DEMENTIA AND ALZHEIMER'S. 3013 02:27:55,440 --> 02:27:58,360 >>THEY SHOW UP IN THOSE 3014 02:27:58,360 --> 02:28:01,160 DISEASES AS WELL. 3015 02:28:01,160 --> 02:28:04,360 >>THE MAYO GROUP AND I'M 3016 02:28:04,360 --> 02:28:06,640 FORGETTING THE GENTLEMAN'S NAME 3017 02:28:06,640 --> 02:28:08,720 BUT IT STARTS WITH A W AND IT'S 3018 02:28:08,720 --> 02:28:14,480 LONG HAVE LOOKED AT FALK-LIKE 3019 02:28:14,480 --> 02:28:18,200 EFFECTS WITH THE GLUTAMATERGIC 3020 02:28:18,200 --> 02:28:20,160 METABOLOMICS AND WONDERED IF YOU 3021 02:28:20,160 --> 02:28:22,960 TAPPED INTO ANY OF THEIR WORK. 3022 02:28:22,960 --> 02:28:24,040 DOES ANYONE REMEMBER THE 3023 02:28:24,040 --> 02:28:25,600 GENTLEMAN'S NAME THAT GAVE US 3024 02:28:25,600 --> 02:28:27,800 THE TALK IN THE INTRAMURAL 3025 02:28:27,800 --> 02:28:30,120 PROGRAM. 3026 02:28:30,120 --> 02:28:39,480 >>I THINK IT'S DICK 3027 02:28:39,480 --> 02:28:39,800 WEINSHALBAUM. 3028 02:28:39,800 --> 02:28:41,640 >>YOU MAY FIND INTERESTING 3029 02:28:41,640 --> 02:28:44,080 COHORTS TO TAP INTO THERE. 3030 02:28:44,080 --> 02:28:46,520 >>ONE STUDY JUST IDENTIFIED THE 3031 02:28:46,520 --> 02:28:47,200 DATA SET. 3032 02:28:47,200 --> 02:28:53,160 WE'D LOVE TO WORK WITH ANYONE IN 3033 02:28:53,160 --> 02:28:54,760 THIS AND THE REWARD PHENOTYPES 3034 02:28:54,760 --> 02:28:58,720 WE CAN IDENTIFY WITH 3035 02:28:58,720 --> 02:28:59,320 STANDARDIZED QUESTIONNAIRES 3036 02:28:59,320 --> 02:29:00,760 ADMINISTERED IN CLINICAL TRIALS 3037 02:29:00,760 --> 02:29:02,520 AND IDENTIFIED THEM WITH FOUR OR 3038 02:29:02,520 --> 02:29:03,760 FIVE QUESTIONNAIRES. 3039 02:29:03,760 --> 02:29:04,920 CHANCES ARE THEY MAY HAVE 3040 02:29:04,920 --> 02:29:06,040 SOMETHING IN THEIR DATA SET WE 3041 02:29:06,040 --> 02:29:09,480 CAN LOOK AT TO SEE IF THERE'S AN 3042 02:29:09,480 --> 02:29:11,520 EFFECT BECAUSE WE DID SHOW IT 3043 02:29:11,520 --> 02:29:15,400 AND I WOULD LOVE TO FOLLOW-UP 3044 02:29:15,400 --> 02:29:19,160 AND SEE IF WE CAN REPLICATE THE 3045 02:29:19,160 --> 02:29:19,440 FINDINGS. 3046 02:29:19,440 --> 02:29:25,680 >>I'VE ADMIRED HIS WORK AND I 3047 02:29:25,680 --> 02:29:28,080 CAN'T SPELL IT BUT THAT'S MY 3048 02:29:28,080 --> 02:29:29,920 PROBLEM. 3049 02:29:29,920 --> 02:29:30,160 BRIDGET. 3050 02:29:30,160 --> 02:29:31,280 >>HI, KATIE. 3051 02:29:31,280 --> 02:29:33,440 I ENJOYED YOUR TALK AND I REALLY 3052 02:29:33,440 --> 02:29:34,520 APPRECIATED HOW YOU'RE LOOKING 3053 02:29:34,520 --> 02:29:38,040 AT THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT ON 3054 02:29:38,040 --> 02:29:39,120 THOSE RECOVERY PROFILES. 3055 02:29:39,120 --> 02:29:45,320 I WAS WONDERING CAN YOU SAY MORE 3056 02:29:45,320 --> 02:29:47,280 ABOUT THE SOCIAL DETERMINATES 3057 02:29:47,280 --> 02:29:48,360 STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH THOSE 3058 02:29:48,360 --> 02:29:49,560 PROFILES FOR THE LOWER 3059 02:29:49,560 --> 02:29:50,920 FUNCTIONING ONES? 3060 02:29:50,920 --> 02:29:53,520 >>YEAH, THANK YOU FOR THE 3061 02:29:53,520 --> 02:29:56,800 QUESTION AND BEING A PROPONENT 3062 02:29:56,800 --> 02:29:58,360 OF THIS AREA GENERALLY. 3063 02:29:58,360 --> 02:30:00,800 WE HAVE PRETTY LIMITED DATA IN 3064 02:30:00,800 --> 02:30:02,560 THIS PARTICULAR FIRST STUDY. 3065 02:30:02,560 --> 02:30:04,880 I WOULD SAY IT'S A FIRST PASS 3066 02:30:04,880 --> 02:30:06,280 AND WE HAD COMMUNITY LEVEL 3067 02:30:06,280 --> 02:30:09,280 INCOME AND COMMUNITY-LEVEL 3068 02:30:09,280 --> 02:30:10,560 HEALTH INSURANCE AND INCOME 3069 02:30:10,560 --> 02:30:13,200 INEQUALITY AND THAT WAS ONE OF 3070 02:30:13,200 --> 02:30:14,480 THE BIGGER PREDICTORS AND WHAT I 3071 02:30:14,480 --> 02:30:19,200 WISH WE HAD MORE OF IS ALCOHOL 3072 02:30:19,200 --> 02:30:20,800 OUTLET DENSITY AND WISH WE HAD 3073 02:30:20,800 --> 02:30:22,520 GREEN SPACE AND RECOVERY 3074 02:30:22,520 --> 02:30:23,440 RESOURCES. 3075 02:30:23,440 --> 02:30:26,280 I THINK IN FUTURE WORK WE'LL BE 3076 02:30:26,280 --> 02:30:29,480 COLLECTING MUCH MORE FINE-GRAIN 3077 02:30:29,480 --> 02:30:30,880 INFORMATION ABOUT COMMUNITY AND 3078 02:30:30,880 --> 02:30:33,640 NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS. 3079 02:30:33,640 --> 02:30:35,280 I THINK IT'S SOMETHING WE NEED 3080 02:30:35,280 --> 02:30:37,480 TO THINK ABOUT RECOVERY AND 3081 02:30:37,480 --> 02:30:38,640 RECOVERY PROMOTION. 3082 02:30:38,640 --> 02:30:39,720 TO SOME EXTENT SOME IN THE FIELD 3083 02:30:39,720 --> 02:30:41,480 HAVE FOCUSSED ON THAT. 3084 02:30:41,480 --> 02:30:44,440 THE TREATMENT RESEARCHERS HAVE 3085 02:30:44,440 --> 02:30:45,240 GENERALLY NOT PAID AS MUCH AS 3086 02:30:45,240 --> 02:30:55,720 ATTENTION TO THOSE FACTORS. 3087 02:31:00,800 --> 02:31:03,520 >>WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM USEF 3088 02:31:03,520 --> 02:31:04,720 FROM HOWARD UNIVERSITY. 3089 02:31:04,720 --> 02:31:07,040 >>THE COMBINATION OF INSULTS 3090 02:31:07,040 --> 02:31:10,600 TOGETHER, IS IT POSSIBLE TO HAVE 3091 02:31:10,600 --> 02:31:15,680 AUD WITHOUT STRESS? 3092 02:31:15,680 --> 02:31:19,400 BECAUSE YOU'RE COMBINING THEM 3093 02:31:19,400 --> 02:31:21,640 YOU MENTIONED ANXIETY, 3094 02:31:21,640 --> 02:31:23,120 DEPRESSION, ETCETERA BUT CAN AUD 3095 02:31:23,120 --> 02:31:29,480 EXIST WITHOUT STRESS? 3096 02:31:29,480 --> 02:31:31,720 >>GOOD QUESTION. 3097 02:31:31,720 --> 02:31:35,360 I WOULD REFER TO GEORGE ON THIS. 3098 02:31:35,360 --> 02:31:36,840 WHAT'S INTERESTING IS SO WE 3099 02:31:36,840 --> 02:31:38,240 DEVELOPED THIS BIOLOGICAL 3100 02:31:38,240 --> 02:31:39,760 MEASURE OF STRESS. 3101 02:31:39,760 --> 02:31:42,040 THIS METHYLATION SCORE OF STRESS 3102 02:31:42,040 --> 02:31:44,080 TRACKING A COMPOSITE SCORE OF 3103 02:31:44,080 --> 02:31:47,200 STRESS AND WHEN WE LOOKED IN OUR 3104 02:31:47,200 --> 02:31:48,400 SAMPLE WE IDENTIFIED INDIVIDUALS 3105 02:31:48,400 --> 02:31:50,680 WITH AN AUD WHO HAD RELATIVELY 3106 02:31:50,680 --> 02:31:53,040 LOW STRESS SO IT IS IN THAT 3107 02:31:53,040 --> 02:31:56,560 REGARD POSSIBLE TO HAVE LOW 3108 02:31:56,560 --> 02:31:57,200 STRESS INDIVIDUALS THAT STILL 3109 02:31:57,200 --> 02:32:00,400 HAVE AN AUD. 3110 02:32:00,400 --> 02:32:05,120 IN FACT THEY DIDN'T SHOW MUCH IN 3111 02:32:05,120 --> 02:32:05,760 AGE ACCELERATION. 3112 02:32:05,760 --> 02:32:10,280 WHAT'S WORSE, HAVING STRESS OR 3113 02:32:10,280 --> 02:32:10,480 AUD? 3114 02:32:10,480 --> 02:32:12,720 I'M NOT SURE BUT IT'S AN 3115 02:32:12,720 --> 02:32:13,480 IMPORTANT QUESTION WE'LL LOOK 3116 02:32:13,480 --> 02:32:23,640 INTO MORE. 3117 02:32:28,800 --> 02:32:31,160 >>KATIE CAME UP WITH THE 3118 02:32:31,160 --> 02:32:33,800 DRINKING LEVELS AND LOW-RISK 3119 02:32:33,800 --> 02:32:36,760 DRINKING AND HAVE YOU LOOKED AT 3120 02:32:36,760 --> 02:32:40,320 THIS IN CURIOSITY? 3121 02:32:40,320 --> 02:32:41,760 >>THERE'S BEEN A LOT STUDIES 3122 02:32:41,760 --> 02:32:44,800 LOOKING AT METHYLATION AND 3123 02:32:44,800 --> 02:32:48,800 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION LEVELS FROM 3124 02:32:48,800 --> 02:32:50,200 VARIOUS DEGREES RANGING AND AS 3125 02:32:50,200 --> 02:32:52,160 YOU INCREASE ALCOHOL 3126 02:32:52,160 --> 02:32:53,640 CONSUMPTION, AGING SEEMS TO 3127 02:32:53,640 --> 02:32:55,080 ACCELERATE AND WHAT I'VE SHOWN 3128 02:32:55,080 --> 02:32:56,960 IS THE MORE SEVERE PHENOTYPES 3129 02:32:56,960 --> 02:32:58,880 AND WE SEE CLEARLY A DOSE 3130 02:32:58,880 --> 02:32:59,920 RESPONSE CURVE HERE. 3131 02:32:59,920 --> 02:33:02,240 SO TO THE POINT ABOUT HARM 3132 02:33:02,240 --> 02:33:04,480 REDUCTION AND SO FORTH IF YOU 3133 02:33:04,480 --> 02:33:06,520 REDUCE YOUR DRINKING, YOU 3134 02:33:06,520 --> 02:33:09,400 PROBABLY WOULD REDUCE EPIGENETIC 3135 02:33:09,400 --> 02:33:12,280 AGE ACCELERATION AS WELL AND 3136 02:33:12,280 --> 02:33:15,160 REAG 3137 02:33:15,160 --> 02:33:18,160 REDUCE AGING SO YES. 3138 02:33:18,160 --> 02:33:27,080 >>ONE LAST QUESTION, KATIE, 3139 02:33:27,080 --> 02:33:30,600 SINCE THAT REMINDED ME OF THE 3140 02:33:30,600 --> 02:33:32,560 W.H.O. LEVELS AND WHAT WOULD YOU 3141 02:33:32,560 --> 02:33:34,720 SAY IF THE COMPLAINED ABOUT THE 3142 02:33:34,720 --> 02:33:38,280 W.H.O. LEVELS AS A SUCCESS FOR A 3143 02:33:38,280 --> 02:33:42,080 MEDICATION TO TREAT ALCOHOL USE 3144 02:33:42,080 --> 02:33:44,840 DISORDER GOING FROM SEVERE TO 3145 02:33:44,840 --> 02:33:50,120 HIGH INTENSITY DRINKING TO JUST 3146 02:33:50,120 --> 02:33:53,480 BINGE THINKING AND THEY WOULD 3147 02:33:53,480 --> 02:33:57,400 SAY IT'S NOT ADEQUATE. 3148 02:33:57,400 --> 02:34:05,800 >>IT'S A QUESTION FOR ME? 3149 02:34:05,800 --> 02:34:08,520 >>I THINK I WOULD POINT THEM TO 3150 02:34:08,520 --> 02:34:10,360 THE DATA THAT SHOWS CONVINCINGLY 3151 02:34:10,360 --> 02:34:16,960 THAT EVEN PEOPLE WHO ARE AT THE 3152 02:34:16,960 --> 02:34:19,560 HIGH RISK LEVEL EVEN IF AT BINGE 3153 02:34:19,560 --> 02:34:22,280 LEVELS THEY'RE FEELING AND 3154 02:34:22,280 --> 02:34:24,200 FUNCTIONING AS WELL AS PEOPLE 3155 02:34:24,200 --> 02:34:24,680 WHO ABSTAIN. 3156 02:34:24,680 --> 02:34:26,440 THAT'S THE KEY ALMOST AS PEOPLE 3157 02:34:26,440 --> 02:34:28,280 WHO ABSTAIN COMPLETELY. 3158 02:34:28,280 --> 02:34:30,240 THAT'S THE KEY AND SHOWING THE 3159 02:34:30,240 --> 02:34:33,280 VERY LARGE IMPROVEMENTS IN HOW 3160 02:34:33,280 --> 02:34:35,680 PATIENTS FEEL AND FUNCTION. 3161 02:34:35,680 --> 02:34:37,280 ADDICTION IS MADDENING THAT 3162 02:34:37,280 --> 02:34:39,040 ADDICTION IS THE ONLY DISEASE 3163 02:34:39,040 --> 02:34:43,320 THE FDA REQUIRES A BINARY, NO 3164 02:34:43,320 --> 02:34:44,360 SYMPTOMS OF THE DISORDER. 3165 02:34:44,360 --> 02:34:48,880 YOU LOOK AT DEPRESSION, 3166 02:34:48,880 --> 02:34:50,480 DIABETES, HYPERTENSION AND OTHER 3167 02:34:50,480 --> 02:34:52,000 DISEASES AND IMPROVEMENT IN 3168 02:34:52,000 --> 02:34:53,720 SYMPTOM INDICATORS IN THE OTHER 3169 02:34:53,720 --> 02:34:55,120 DISEASES WOULD GET MEDICATION 3170 02:34:55,120 --> 02:34:59,960 APPROVED BUT IN OUR FIELD WE 3171 02:34:59,960 --> 02:35:03,880 HAVE TO CURE THE CHRONIC DISEASE 3172 02:35:03,880 --> 02:35:07,840 AND THAT'S -- IT'S BEEN AT A 3173 02:35:07,840 --> 02:35:11,040 DISSERVICE TO MEDICATIONS 3174 02:35:11,040 --> 02:35:12,800 DEVELOPMENT AND WE SEE PEOPLE 3175 02:35:12,800 --> 02:35:14,440 MAKE BIG IMPROVEMENTS IN THEIR 3176 02:35:14,440 --> 02:35:17,200 FUNCTIONING AND HEALTH WITH 3177 02:35:17,200 --> 02:35:17,680 REDUCTIONS IN DRINKING. 3178 02:35:17,680 --> 02:35:20,120 SO WHY AREN'T WE ALLOWING A 3179 02:35:20,120 --> 02:35:21,280 MEDICATION THAT DOES THAT BE 3180 02:35:21,280 --> 02:35:21,920 AVAILABLE TO PATIENTS WHO NEED 3181 02:35:21,920 --> 02:35:24,680 IT? 3182 02:35:24,680 --> 02:35:27,240 >>I AGREE WITH YOU. 3183 02:35:27,240 --> 02:35:28,480 I THINK IT'S KEY. 3184 02:35:28,480 --> 02:35:30,920 IT'S GOT TO BE AT LEAST 20 YEARS 3185 02:35:30,920 --> 02:35:36,000 AGO I HEARD ONE OF THE 3186 02:35:36,000 --> 02:35:38,600 INVESTIGATORS PART OF THE 3187 02:35:38,600 --> 02:35:39,600 MASSIVE EUROPEAN CLINICAL TRIALS 3188 02:35:39,600 --> 02:35:48,200 GIVE A TALK ON QUALITY OF LIFE 3189 02:35:48,200 --> 02:35:56,640 IMPROVING WITH THE USE OF 3190 02:35:56,640 --> 02:35:56,920 CAMPROSATE. 3191 02:35:56,920 --> 02:36:00,960 >>WE'VE BEEN WORKING WITH THE 3192 02:36:00,960 --> 02:36:03,160 FDA FOR A LONG TIME. 3193 02:36:03,160 --> 02:36:05,360 WE'RE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR WHAT 3194 02:36:05,360 --> 02:36:07,560 THEY DO JUST INTERACTING WITH 3195 02:36:07,560 --> 02:36:08,120 THEM. 3196 02:36:08,120 --> 02:36:10,360 IN TERM OF AN END POINT THEY'RE 3197 02:36:10,360 --> 02:36:12,840 INTERESTED IN EVALUATING THE 3198 02:36:12,840 --> 02:36:13,400 MEDICATION. 3199 02:36:13,400 --> 02:36:18,440 DID THE MEDICATION IMPROVE? 3200 02:36:18,440 --> 02:36:20,880 THEY'RE NOT SETTING POLICY PER 3201 02:36:20,880 --> 02:36:21,960 SE THEY JUST WANT TO EVALUATE 3202 02:36:21,960 --> 02:36:25,480 WHETHER OR NOT THERE'S SOME 3203 02:36:25,480 --> 02:36:35,680 IMPROVEMENT. 3204 02:36:39,960 --> 02:36:41,880 THEY'RE SAYING THIS DRUG MAY 3205 02:36:41,880 --> 02:36:43,360 HELP YOU GET TO A PLACE WHERE 3206 02:36:43,360 --> 02:36:44,160 YOU NEED TO BE AND THAT'S SORT 3207 02:36:44,160 --> 02:36:54,400 OF HOW THEY SEE IT. 3208 02:36:54,400 --> 02:36:56,880 AND WE RAISED THE ISSUE OF 3209 02:36:56,880 --> 02:36:58,760 ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES TO REDUCE 3210 02:36:58,760 --> 02:37:00,440 CONSUMPTION AND BEHAVIORAL 3211 02:37:00,440 --> 02:37:02,040 STRATEGIES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION 3212 02:37:02,040 --> 02:37:07,560 AND I THINK WE NEED TO KEEP THAT 3213 02:37:07,560 --> 02:37:09,760 IN MIND WHETHER YOU'LL CHANGE 3214 02:37:09,760 --> 02:37:12,280 THE LENGTH OF THE TELOMERE OR 3215 02:37:12,280 --> 02:37:16,760 OTHER STRATEGIES THAT IN FACT 3216 02:37:16,760 --> 02:37:19,520 LOWERS DRINKING IN A SOCIETY 3217 02:37:19,520 --> 02:37:22,600 THAT STILL EMBRACES SOME ALCOHOL 3218 02:37:22,600 --> 02:37:24,200 CONSUMPTION AS BETTER THAN HIGH 3219 02:37:24,200 --> 02:37:25,320 RISK DRINKING. 3220 02:37:25,320 --> 02:37:30,680 I THINK THAT'S WHAT KATIE IS 3221 02:37:30,680 --> 02:37:33,240 SAYING IN HER ANALYSIS. 3222 02:37:33,240 --> 02:37:34,720 CAN I SPEAK FOUR ON THAT POINT. 3223 02:37:34,720 --> 02:37:35,800 >>ABSOLUTELY. 3224 02:37:35,800 --> 02:37:37,480 YOU GOT IT. 3225 02:37:37,480 --> 02:37:40,000 I'M GLAD YOU RAISED THE 3226 02:37:40,000 --> 02:37:41,240 CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT. 3227 02:37:41,240 --> 02:37:43,960 I WOULD LOVE FUTURE CONTINGENCY 3228 02:37:43,960 --> 02:37:46,320 MANAGEMENT TRIALS FOCUSSED ON 3229 02:37:46,320 --> 02:37:48,040 REDUCTIONS NOT ON TOTAL 3230 02:37:48,040 --> 02:37:49,200 ABSTINENCE BECAUSE WE 3231 02:37:49,200 --> 02:37:50,840 POTENTIALLY MISS THE MARK WITH 3232 02:37:50,840 --> 02:37:57,240 HELPING PATIENTS IMPROVE WHO MAY 3233 02:37:57,240 --> 02:37:59,360 BE SHOULD HAVE BEEN REINFORCED 3234 02:37:59,360 --> 02:38:00,880 FOR THEIR REDUCTION IN DRINKING. 3235 02:38:00,880 --> 02:38:07,200 >>THERE WAS A RECENT CHANGE 3236 02:38:07,200 --> 02:38:13,320 WITH CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT BY 3237 02:38:13,320 --> 02:38:23,480 THE FDA. 3238 02:38:30,360 --> 02:38:31,760 >>THERE'S BEEN AN ARTIFICIAL 3239 02:38:31,760 --> 02:38:42,320 CAP ON THE INCENTIVE STRUCTURE. 3240 02:38:43,320 --> 02:38:46,240 THERE'S NO CAP AND THERE'S 3241 02:38:46,240 --> 02:38:47,800 WASTE, FRAUD AND ABUSE AND IF 3242 02:38:47,800 --> 02:38:49,280 YOU PROVIDE INCENTIVES AND 3243 02:38:49,280 --> 02:38:50,760 THEY'RE TARGETED TOWARDS 3244 02:38:50,760 --> 02:38:53,360 SPECIFIC OUTCOMES THAT CAN BE 3245 02:38:53,360 --> 02:38:56,880 QUANTIFIED AND MEASURED THAT 3246 02:38:56,880 --> 02:38:58,240 THEY WERE CONCERNED ABOUT THAT 3247 02:38:58,240 --> 02:39:01,480 AND WANT IT MAKE SURE THAT THE 3248 02:39:01,480 --> 02:39:03,560 FIELD DOESN'T ENGAGE IN, SHALL 3249 02:39:03,560 --> 02:39:07,200 WE SAY, HANKY-PANKY. 3250 02:39:07,200 --> 02:39:09,760 THAT'S A GOOD POINT AND WE 3251 02:39:09,760 --> 02:39:11,880 CONTINUE TO PRESS TO HHS AND THE 3252 02:39:11,880 --> 02:39:13,480 ADMINISTRATION TO REMOVE THE $75 3253 02:39:13,480 --> 02:39:19,160 CAP. 3254 02:39:19,160 --> 02:39:23,240 >>THANKS FOR THE UPDATE. 3255 02:39:23,240 --> 02:39:27,120 SO RV, OKAY. 3256 02:39:27,120 --> 02:39:33,800 AND IS NONI -- AT 3:00. 3257 02:39:33,800 --> 02:39:34,000 OKAY. 3258 02:39:34,000 --> 02:39:34,760 ALL RIGHT. 3259 02:39:34,760 --> 02:39:38,440 SO FIRST CONCEPT CLEARANCE IS A 3260 02:39:38,440 --> 02:39:43,640 HEAL INITIATIVE CONCEPT 3261 02:39:43,640 --> 02:39:44,320 DEVELOPING AN EVIDENCE-BASED -- 3262 02:39:44,320 --> 02:39:51,920 OH. 3263 02:39:51,920 --> 02:39:53,120 SORRY. 3264 02:39:53,120 --> 02:39:55,760 BRAD, I MISSED YOU AND I 3265 02:39:55,760 --> 02:39:58,160 APOLOGIZE. 3266 02:39:58,160 --> 02:40:01,720 CONCEPT CLEARANCE WAS THE AEDS 3267 02:40:01,720 --> 02:40:03,920 STAND FOR. 3268 02:40:03,920 --> 02:40:05,760 >>ALCOHOL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL 3269 02:40:05,760 --> 02:40:07,400 SURVEY SYSTEM, I BELIEVE. 3270 02:40:07,400 --> 02:40:08,680 >>BRAD, WE'LL LET YOU EXPLAIN 3271 02:40:08,680 --> 02:40:13,760 IT. 3272 02:40:13,760 --> 02:40:16,280 >>YOU MAY HAVE HEARD THE STORY 3273 02:40:16,280 --> 02:40:19,680 BEFORE BUT WHEN I JOINED NIH ONE 3274 02:40:19,680 --> 02:40:22,000 DAY AT AN INSTITUTE DIRECTOR'S 3275 02:40:22,000 --> 02:40:25,600 MEETING SOMEBODY MENTIONED AN 3276 02:40:25,600 --> 02:40:27,560 ACRONYM AND FRANCIS COLLINS 3277 02:40:27,560 --> 02:40:29,280 MENTIONED AN ACRONYM AND LOOKED 3278 02:40:29,280 --> 02:40:31,720 AROUND THE ROOM AND ALL THE 3279 02:40:31,720 --> 02:40:33,840 INSTITUTE DIRECTORS AND SAID I 3280 02:40:33,840 --> 02:40:35,040 DON'T KNOW WHAT THAT STANDS FOR 3281 02:40:35,040 --> 02:40:37,160 AND NOBODY DID EITHER AND 3282 02:40:37,160 --> 02:40:40,080 THEY'RE ALL FRANTICALLY PUNCHING 3283 02:40:40,080 --> 02:40:41,480 IN THEIR COMPUTERS WHAT IT STOOD 3284 02:40:41,480 --> 02:40:43,840 FOR AND AT THE END OF THE TABLE 3285 02:40:43,840 --> 02:40:45,480 IT WAS YELLED OUT, KOOB, IF YOU 3286 02:40:45,480 --> 02:40:49,400 LEARN ALL THE ACRONYMS IT'S TIME 3287 02:40:49,400 --> 02:40:51,080 TO RETIRE SO CLEARLY I AM NOT 3288 02:40:51,080 --> 02:40:56,320 RETIRING YET FOR THE RECORD. 3289 02:40:56,320 --> 02:41:00,000 SO IT IS THE ALCOHOL 3290 02:41:00,000 --> 02:41:00,560 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA SYSTEM. 3291 02:41:00,560 --> 02:41:04,520 YOU GET THE AWARD FOR ACRONYM 3292 02:41:04,520 --> 02:41:05,920 MEMORY. 3293 02:41:05,920 --> 02:41:16,280 BRAD, IT'S ALL YOURS. 3294 02:41:21,880 --> 02:41:22,480 >>GOOD AFTERNOON. 3295 02:41:22,480 --> 02:41:24,400 I'M BRAD KERRIDGE AND I'LL TRY 3296 02:41:24,400 --> 02:41:28,320 TO MAKE IT BRIEF TO GET BACK ON 3297 02:41:28,320 --> 02:41:29,640 SCHEDULE. 3298 02:41:29,640 --> 02:41:32,960 THIS DESCRIBES THE ALCOHOL 3299 02:41:32,960 --> 02:41:35,000 EPIDEMIOLOGIC DATA SYSTEM AND 3300 02:41:35,000 --> 02:41:35,640 REQUIRES CONCEPT CLEARANCE FOR 3301 02:41:35,640 --> 02:41:45,880 THE CONTRACT. 3302 02:41:49,800 --> 02:41:53,680 THIS IS A RECOMPETITION YEAR OF 3303 02:41:53,680 --> 02:41:56,120 THE CONTRACT WHICH IS SET TO END 3304 02:41:56,120 --> 02:41:58,800 ON SEPTEMBER 26, 2023. 3305 02:41:58,800 --> 02:42:04,320 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 3306 02:42:04,320 --> 02:42:05,440 AFOREMENTIONED SLIDE NIH MANUAL 3307 02:42:05,440 --> 02:42:07,080 CHAPTER RULES AND CODES OF 3308 02:42:07,080 --> 02:42:08,040 VIOLATIONS REGARDING SCIENTIFIC 3309 02:42:08,040 --> 02:42:09,480 PEER REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND 3310 02:42:09,480 --> 02:42:13,160 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 3311 02:42:13,160 --> 02:42:13,880 CONTRACT PROJECTS. 3312 02:42:13,880 --> 02:42:19,200 THIS R&D SUPPORT ACQUISITION 3313 02:42:19,200 --> 02:42:20,880 REQUIRES CONCEPT AND TECHNICAL 3314 02:42:20,880 --> 02:42:23,240 PROPO 3315 02:42:23,240 --> 02:42:23,480 PROPOSALS. 3316 02:42:23,480 --> 02:42:26,080 THE AEDS IS A CONTRACT EFFORT TO 3317 02:42:26,080 --> 02:42:32,160 PROVIDE IN-HOUSE STATISTICAL 3318 02:42:32,160 --> 02:42:33,000 ANALYSIS AND PROGRAM SUPPORT BY 3319 02:42:33,000 --> 02:42:38,000 USED BY NIAA STAFF CONDUCTING 3320 02:42:38,000 --> 02:42:40,720 ALCOHOL-RELATED EPIDEMIOLOGIC 3321 02:42:40,720 --> 02:42:43,160 RESEARCH AND HAS BEEN OPERATING 3322 02:42:43,160 --> 02:42:53,720 IN SUPPORT OF THE NIAA MISSION. 3323 02:43:03,480 --> 02:43:05,840 THE CONTRACT IS CURRENTLY 3324 02:43:05,840 --> 02:43:08,960 ADMINISTERED BY CSR INCORPORATE 3325 02:43:08,960 --> 02:43:10,320 AND PROVIDED STATISTICAL 3326 02:43:10,320 --> 02:43:11,560 ANALYSIS AND SUPPORT AND 3327 02:43:11,560 --> 02:43:14,200 PROGRAMMING TO FACILITATE 3328 02:43:14,200 --> 02:43:17,720 PUBLICATIONS BY NIAA STAFF AND 3329 02:43:17,720 --> 02:43:20,360 SECONDARY ANALYSES OF EPILOGIC 3330 02:43:20,360 --> 02:43:23,640 SURVEY REPORTS AND PUBLICATION. 3331 02:43:23,640 --> 02:43:25,440 THE AEDS SUPPORTS 3332 02:43:25,440 --> 02:43:26,080 ALCOHOL-RELATED RESEARCH IN 3333 02:43:26,080 --> 02:43:26,800 NEWLY ROUSE SCIENTIFIC AREAS AND 3334 02:43:26,800 --> 02:43:29,440 SOME ARE LISTED HERE. 3335 02:43:29,440 --> 02:43:32,160 IT SUPPORTS RESEARCH IN 3336 02:43:32,160 --> 02:43:34,440 ALCOHOL-RELATED MORBIDITY AND 3337 02:43:34,440 --> 02:43:35,320 MORTALITY. 3338 02:43:35,320 --> 02:43:40,320 IN ALCOHOL-RELATED SCREENING AND 3339 02:43:40,320 --> 02:43:48,560 BRIEF INTERVENTIONS. 3340 02:43:48,560 --> 02:43:49,640 >>THANK YOU. 3341 02:43:49,640 --> 02:43:50,880 WELL DONE IN FIVE MINUTES. 3342 02:43:50,880 --> 02:43:56,600 WE NEED A COUNCIL TO APPROVE THE 3343 02:43:56,600 --> 02:44:07,120 CONCEPT, WESLEY IS ON BOARD AND 3344 02:44:07,480 --> 02:44:13,200 ALCOHOL AND OPIOIDS INTERACT 3345 02:44:13,200 --> 02:44:13,560 MECHANISTICALLY. 3346 02:44:13,560 --> 02:44:14,680 >>THAT'S THE POINT I WAS TRYING 3347 02:44:14,680 --> 02:44:15,120 TO MAKE. 3348 02:44:15,120 --> 02:44:24,400 >>I APPROVE. 3349 02:44:24,400 --> 02:44:28,600 >>NONI, WELCOME. 3350 02:44:28,600 --> 02:44:38,920 I'LL INTRODUCE YOU. 3351 02:44:57,280 --> 02:44:58,560 SHE'S THE DIRECTOR FOR THE 3352 02:44:58,560 --> 02:45:00,800 CENTER OF NATIONAL REVIEW AT THE 3353 02:45:00,800 --> 02:45:02,720 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH 3354 02:45:02,720 --> 02:45:03,920 AND WORKED IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL 3355 02:45:03,920 --> 02:45:08,440 INDUSTRY WHERE SHE CONDUCTED 3356 02:45:08,440 --> 02:45:10,240 RESEARCH FOR INVESTIGATIONAL NEW 3357 02:45:10,240 --> 02:45:12,040 DRUGS SUBMISSIONS AND SERVED ON 3358 02:45:12,040 --> 02:45:13,120 PROJECT TRIAL TEAMS AND PROVIDED 3359 02:45:13,120 --> 02:45:16,520 OVERSIGHT OF CONTRACTS WITH 3360 02:45:16,520 --> 02:45:20,000 CLINICAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS. 3361 02:45:20,000 --> 02:45:28,000 FONDLY KNOWN AS CROs AND HOLDS 3362 02:45:28,000 --> 02:45:30,440 B.S. IN CHEMISTRY AND Ph.D. FROM 3363 02:45:30,440 --> 02:45:31,760 EMORY UNIVERSITY AND IN HER 3364 02:45:31,760 --> 02:45:34,680 CAPACITY AT CSR DIRECTOR SHE'S 3365 02:45:34,680 --> 02:45:37,080 RESPONSIBLE FOR OVERSEEING THE 3366 02:45:37,080 --> 02:45:41,480 MAJORITY OF NIH PEER-REVIEWED 3367 02:45:41,480 --> 02:45:44,640 PROCESS AND REVIEWS 3368 02:45:44,640 --> 02:45:46,840 THREE-QUARTERS OF GRANT 3369 02:45:46,840 --> 02:45:50,800 APPLICATIONS AND HANDLES THE 3370 02:45:50,800 --> 02:45:53,400 RECEIPT AND REFERRAL TO OTHER 3371 02:45:53,400 --> 02:45:56,000 AGENCIES TO CDC AND FDA AND 3372 02:45:56,000 --> 02:45:57,520 BRINGS A DEEP KNOWLEDGE OF NIH 3373 02:45:57,520 --> 02:46:00,960 PEER REVIEW AND HISTORY OF 3374 02:46:00,960 --> 02:46:03,600 ENGAGEMENT WITH EXTERNAL 3375 02:46:03,600 --> 02:46:05,760 SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY IN 3376 02:46:05,760 --> 02:46:06,960 DISCIPLINES AND A TRACK RECORD 3377 02:46:06,960 --> 02:46:08,600 OF LEADING CHANGE AND PROVIDED 3378 02:46:08,600 --> 02:46:10,840 LEADERSHIP AND OVERSIGHT OF PEER 3379 02:46:10,840 --> 02:46:13,960 REVIEW OF SEVERAL TRANS-NIH 3380 02:46:13,960 --> 02:46:15,040 INITIATIVES SUCH AS THE AMERICAN 3381 02:46:15,040 --> 02:46:17,200 REINVESTMENT AND RECOVERY ACT, 3382 02:46:17,200 --> 02:46:18,560 CHALLENGE GRANTS, THE NIH 3383 02:46:18,560 --> 02:46:19,760 DIRECTOR'S COMMON FUND AND THE 3384 02:46:19,760 --> 02:46:21,800 ALL OF US PRECISION MEDICINE 3385 02:46:21,800 --> 02:46:23,840 COHORT INITIATIVE AMONG OTHERS. 3386 02:46:23,840 --> 02:46:26,720 UNDER HER LEADERSHIP CSR HAS 3387 02:46:26,720 --> 02:46:29,560 LAUNCHED A NEW DATA-DRIVEN 3388 02:46:29,560 --> 02:46:31,560 FRAMEWORK FOR CONTINUOUS 3389 02:46:31,560 --> 02:46:34,160 EVALUATION OF ALL OF ITS MORE 3390 02:46:34,160 --> 02:46:38,040 THAN 170 STUDY SECTIONS USING 3391 02:46:38,040 --> 02:46:40,000 QUANTITATIVE MEASURES AND EXPERT 3392 02:46:40,000 --> 02:46:40,760 INPUT FROM STAKEHOLDERS IN THE 3393 02:46:40,760 --> 02:46:51,120 SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. 3394 02:46:57,240 --> 02:46:59,160 WE'RE GRATEFUL TO HAVE YOU AND 3395 02:46:59,160 --> 02:47:00,720 TO HAVE YOU HERE TO TALK ABOUT 3396 02:47:00,720 --> 02:47:05,760 STRENGTHENING PEER REVIEW. 3397 02:47:05,760 --> 02:47:09,560 >>THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 3398 02:47:09,560 --> 02:47:12,360 AND WE HAD AN AWARD CEREMONY 3399 02:47:12,360 --> 02:47:14,480 PRECEDING THIS. 3400 02:47:14,480 --> 02:47:16,560 HAPPY TO JOIN YOUR COUNCIL. 3401 02:47:16,560 --> 02:47:18,760 I THINK I HAVE LESS TIME THAN I 3402 02:47:18,760 --> 02:47:20,200 THOUGHT I HAD SO I'LL SKIP OVER 3403 02:47:20,200 --> 02:47:25,600 SOME OF THE SLIDES I HAD MADE 3404 02:47:25,600 --> 02:47:27,840 AND GET MORE DOWN TO TALKING 3405 02:47:27,840 --> 02:47:29,720 ABOUT THE SIMPLIFIED REVIEW 3406 02:47:29,720 --> 02:47:32,600 FRAMEWORK AND SOME ISSUES TO 3407 02:47:32,600 --> 02:47:33,200 ADDRESS FAIRNESS IN THE PEER 3408 02:47:33,200 --> 02:47:42,120 REVIEW PROCESS. 3409 02:47:42,120 --> 02:47:44,520 YOU'RE PROBABLY FAMILIAR WITH 3410 02:47:44,520 --> 02:47:45,360 OUR MISSION FOCUSSED ON 3411 02:47:45,360 --> 02:47:47,840 SCIENTIFIC PEER REVIEW WE HANDLE 3412 02:47:47,840 --> 02:47:49,320 FOR FUNDING INSTITUTES AND 3413 02:47:49,320 --> 02:47:51,400 CENTERS AT THE NIH. 3414 02:47:51,400 --> 02:47:55,680 AND A QUICK GLIMPSE OF THE SCOPE 3415 02:47:55,680 --> 02:47:57,160 CSR HANDLES OVER 60,000 3416 02:47:57,160 --> 02:48:01,080 APPLICATIONS IN PEER REVIEW.. 3417 02:48:01,080 --> 02:48:02,720 THAT'S MORE THAN THREE-QUARTERS 3418 02:48:02,720 --> 02:48:04,600 OF THE APPLICATIONS AND VAST 3419 02:48:04,600 --> 02:48:07,920 MAJORITY OF THE RO1s AND 3420 02:48:07,920 --> 02:48:08,200 FELLOWSHIPS. 3421 02:48:08,200 --> 02:48:10,880 WE DO THAT WITH -- WE HAVE A 3422 02:48:10,880 --> 02:48:12,160 STAFF OF 275 SCIENTIFIC REVIEW 3423 02:48:12,160 --> 02:48:15,160 OFFICERS AND OF COURSE WE ENGAGE 3424 02:48:15,160 --> 02:48:17,400 WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF 19,000 3425 02:48:17,400 --> 02:48:20,600 REVIEWERS AND 1200 MEETINGS 3426 02:48:20,600 --> 02:48:23,360 EVERY YEAR TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA 3427 02:48:23,360 --> 02:48:25,120 OF THE SCOPE IN FISCAL '23. 3428 02:48:25,120 --> 02:48:27,040 IN ADDITION TO OUR STUDY 3429 02:48:27,040 --> 02:48:29,640 SECTIONS AND RO1s AND ALL THAT 3430 02:48:29,640 --> 02:48:32,920 WE DO A MAJORITY OF THE SPECIAL 3431 02:48:32,920 --> 02:48:37,080 INITIATIVES AT NIH AND IN FIZZ 3432 02:48:37,080 --> 02:48:41,640 FISCAL '23 WE HANDLED 3433 02:48:41,640 --> 02:48:41,920 INITIATIVES. 3434 02:48:41,920 --> 02:48:42,960 THESE ARE JUST EXAMPLES I'M SURE 3435 02:48:42,960 --> 02:48:45,200 ARE FAMILIAR TO YOU. 3436 02:48:45,200 --> 02:48:50,480 I WON'T GO THROUGH OUR STRATEGIC 3437 02:48:50,480 --> 02:48:50,760 FRAMEWORK. 3438 02:48:50,760 --> 02:48:53,680 WE RELEASED THE STRATEGIC PLAN 3439 02:48:53,680 --> 02:48:54,760 RECENTLY IN THREE DOMAINS 3440 02:48:54,760 --> 02:48:56,280 RELATED TO STUDY SECTIONS, 3441 02:48:56,280 --> 02:49:02,280 PROCESS AND REVIEWERS. 3442 02:49:02,280 --> 02:49:04,800 AND DIFFERENT ASPECTS WHICH 3443 02:49:04,800 --> 02:49:06,280 IMPACT THE REVIEW AND STAFF ARE 3444 02:49:06,280 --> 02:49:06,880 CENTRAL TO CARRYING OUT THE 3445 02:49:06,880 --> 02:49:09,080 MISSION. 3446 02:49:09,080 --> 02:49:12,280 MY PLAN TODAY WAS TO TALK ABOUT 3447 02:49:12,280 --> 02:49:13,480 INQUIRE WHICH IS THE 3448 02:49:13,480 --> 02:49:15,200 QUANTITATIVE RESTRUCTURING OF 3449 02:49:15,200 --> 02:49:17,840 STUDY SECTIONS WITH STAKEHOLDER 3450 02:49:17,840 --> 02:49:18,320 INPUT AND DATA. 3451 02:49:18,320 --> 02:49:20,960 I'M NOT GOING TO DO THAT. 3452 02:49:20,960 --> 02:49:22,960 I'LL JUST JUMP TO SIMPLIFYING 3453 02:49:22,960 --> 02:49:24,560 REVIEW AND IMPROVING THE REVIEW 3454 02:49:24,560 --> 02:49:27,000 OF FELLOWSHIP APPLICATIONS AND 3455 02:49:27,000 --> 02:49:28,600 RPG APPLICATIONS AND TALK ABOUT 3456 02:49:28,600 --> 02:49:31,320 OUR EFFORTS TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY 3457 02:49:31,320 --> 02:49:31,880 AND FAIRNESS IN THE REVIEW 3458 02:49:31,880 --> 02:49:36,600 PROCESS. 3459 02:49:36,600 --> 02:49:42,080 I'LL SKIP OVER AND YOU'LL BE 3460 02:49:42,080 --> 02:49:43,480 ABLE TO SEE I'VE DONE A LOT OF 3461 02:49:43,480 --> 02:49:45,960 THESE SINCE 2020 WHEN THEY 3462 02:49:45,960 --> 02:49:49,840 STARTED AND IT DOES RESULT IN 3463 02:49:49,840 --> 02:49:51,520 SUBSTANTIVE CHANGES IN STUDY 3464 02:49:51,520 --> 02:49:52,920 SECTIONS AND THESE ARE SOME 3465 02:49:52,920 --> 02:49:57,120 AREAS WHICH ARE EMERGED AS A 3466 02:49:57,120 --> 02:49:58,120 RESULT OF THE INQUIRE PROCESS. 3467 02:49:58,120 --> 02:49:59,720 LET ME TALK ABOUT THE 3468 02:49:59,720 --> 02:50:02,160 SIMPLIFYING REVIEW PROCESS FOR 3469 02:50:02,160 --> 02:50:02,800 RESEARCH PROJECT GRANTS THAT'S 3470 02:50:02,800 --> 02:50:08,640 UNDERWAY RIGHT NOW. 3471 02:50:08,640 --> 02:50:12,280 THERE'S TWO MAIN GOALS. 3472 02:50:12,280 --> 02:50:16,640 ONE WAS THE IMPRESSION A LOT OF 3473 02:50:16,640 --> 02:50:17,280 ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLIANCE CHECK 3474 02:50:17,280 --> 02:50:19,880 ITEMS HAVE BEEN ADDED TO THE 3475 02:50:19,880 --> 02:50:22,320 FIRST LEVEL OF NIH PEER REVIEW. 3476 02:50:22,320 --> 02:50:25,040 OF COURSE NIH PEER REVIEW HAS 3477 02:50:25,040 --> 02:50:27,360 THE SINGULAR GOAL AND THE SECOND 3478 02:50:27,360 --> 02:50:29,240 LEVEL AS THE COUNCIL AND FIRST 3479 02:50:29,240 --> 02:50:31,120 LEVEL OCCURS AT THE STUDY 3480 02:50:31,120 --> 02:50:33,000 SECTION AND IT IS SET UP TO 3481 02:50:33,000 --> 02:50:35,080 PROVIDE ADVICE TO THE AGENCY 3482 02:50:35,080 --> 02:50:36,520 ABOUT THE SCIENTIFIC AND 3483 02:50:36,520 --> 02:50:38,200 TECHNICAL MERIT ABOUT THE GRANT 3484 02:50:38,200 --> 02:50:39,480 APPLICATIONS UNDER REVIEW. 3485 02:50:39,480 --> 02:50:41,720 OVER THE YEARS INCREMENTALLY 3486 02:50:41,720 --> 02:50:43,040 MORE AND MORE ADMINISTRATIVE 3487 02:50:43,040 --> 02:50:47,440 BURDEN ITEMS HAVE BEEN ADDED TO 3488 02:50:47,440 --> 02:50:51,000 THE REVIEWERS WHICH ACTUALLY 3489 02:50:51,000 --> 02:50:53,000 REDUCES INCENTIVE AND 3490 02:50:53,000 --> 02:50:55,840 PARTICIPATION IN REVIEW AND ALSO 3491 02:50:55,840 --> 02:50:57,560 DETRACTS FROM THE REVIEWERS FROM 3492 02:50:57,560 --> 02:51:02,440 FOCUSSING ON THE SCIENCE. 3493 02:51:02,440 --> 02:51:03,600 THAT'S ONE OF THE MAIN GOALS TO 3494 02:51:03,600 --> 02:51:06,440 FOCUS REVIEW ON THE MAIN GOAL. 3495 02:51:06,440 --> 02:51:09,520 THE OTHER ONE WAS TO MITIGATE 3496 02:51:09,520 --> 02:51:11,000 THE ROLE OF REPUTATIONAL BIAS. 3497 02:51:11,000 --> 02:51:14,640 THIS IS IN THE PEER-REVIEW 3498 02:51:14,640 --> 02:51:15,080 PROCESS. 3499 02:51:15,080 --> 02:51:18,400 THIS MEANS IT USUALLY COMES IN 3500 02:51:18,400 --> 02:51:19,000 IN THE INVESTIGATOR AND 3501 02:51:19,000 --> 02:51:21,680 ENVIRONMENT WHERE WE HAVE 3502 02:51:21,680 --> 02:51:23,200 REVIEWERS AND PEER REVIEWERS ARE 3503 02:51:23,200 --> 02:51:24,720 NOT THAT DIFFERENT FROM THE REST 3504 02:51:24,720 --> 02:51:26,520 OF THE BIO MEDICAL COMMUNITY. 3505 02:51:26,520 --> 02:51:29,280 I'LL SEE THESE IN YOUR 3506 02:51:29,280 --> 02:51:30,080 INSTITUTIONS. 3507 02:51:30,080 --> 02:51:31,680 SCIENCE AND SCIENTIFIC NETWORKS 3508 02:51:31,680 --> 02:51:33,960 THERE'S A BIG ROLE OF REPUTATION 3509 02:51:33,960 --> 02:51:37,240 AND WHO TRAINED WITH WHO AND WHO 3510 02:51:37,240 --> 02:51:37,760 TRAINED WHERE AND WHICH 3511 02:51:37,760 --> 02:51:47,960 INSTITUTION. 3512 02:51:50,760 --> 02:51:56,200 WE WANTED TO EVALUATE THE 3513 02:51:56,200 --> 02:51:58,680 INVESTIGATOR AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3514 02:51:58,680 --> 02:52:01,160 AND IS IT A FAMOUS INSTITUTION. 3515 02:52:01,160 --> 02:52:04,560 THESE WERE THE TWO MAIN GOALS. 3516 02:52:04,560 --> 02:52:11,360 THE OVERARCHING GOAL IS TO 3517 02:52:11,360 --> 02:52:19,600 ENSURE THEY CAN IMPACT RESEARCH. 3518 02:52:19,600 --> 02:52:22,280 THE PROCESS STARTED WITH RPTs 3519 02:52:22,280 --> 02:52:28,240 AND RO1s AND CSR WORKS CLOSELY 3520 02:52:28,240 --> 02:52:30,640 WITH THE ADVISORY COUNCIL IN OUR 3521 02:52:30,640 --> 02:52:31,720 INITIATIVES AND ADVISORY COUNCIL 3522 02:52:31,720 --> 02:52:34,040 WORKING GROUPS WERE CONVENED TO 3523 02:52:34,040 --> 02:52:35,720 CONSIDER NON-CLINICAL TRIALS 3524 02:52:35,720 --> 02:52:40,520 WHICH IS ABOUT 90% OF ALL NIH 3525 02:52:40,520 --> 02:52:41,120 APPLICATION AND AS WELL AS 3526 02:52:41,120 --> 02:52:42,960 CLINICAL TRIAL RPGs. 3527 02:52:42,960 --> 02:52:46,160 THEY WERE PROVIDED WITH LEGAL 3528 02:52:46,160 --> 02:52:51,680 AND REGULATORY GUIDANCE AND NIH 3529 02:52:51,680 --> 02:52:53,760 CANNOT CHANGE THE CRITERIA WHICH 3530 02:52:53,760 --> 02:52:56,480 IS SIGNIFICANT INVESTIGATORS AND 3531 02:52:56,480 --> 02:52:59,760 INNOVATION AND APPROACH HOWEVER, 3532 02:52:59,760 --> 02:53:05,000 NIH CAN USE ITS DISCRETION IN 3533 02:53:05,000 --> 02:53:06,640 INTERPRETING THE CRITERIA OR HOW 3534 02:53:06,640 --> 02:53:08,360 THEY WANT TO GROUP THEM AND 3535 02:53:08,360 --> 02:53:10,480 EVERYTHING RELATED TO SCORING. 3536 02:53:10,480 --> 02:53:12,520 THAT'S THE BUMPER GUARDRAIL WE 3537 02:53:12,520 --> 02:53:21,000 PROVIDED TO THE WORKING GROUPS. 3538 02:53:21,000 --> 02:53:22,960 THE WORKING GROUP WENT THROUGH 3539 02:53:22,960 --> 02:53:29,400 THE INPUT GATHERING THROUGH A 3540 02:53:29,400 --> 02:53:31,680 BLOG POST AND ASKED HOW TO 3541 02:53:31,680 --> 02:53:32,880 IMPROVE PEER REVIEW. 3542 02:53:32,880 --> 02:53:34,280 YOU HEAR A LOT AND WE DID. 3543 02:53:34,280 --> 02:53:36,600 THAT CONTENT ANALYSIS FROM THE 3544 02:53:36,600 --> 02:53:39,760 TWO BLOG POSTS POSTED ON THE CSR 3545 02:53:39,760 --> 02:53:41,960 BLOG AND NIH BLOG WE DID A 3546 02:53:41,960 --> 02:53:44,120 CONTENT ANALYSIS AND PROVIDED 3547 02:53:44,120 --> 02:53:46,640 THAT BACK TO THESE WORKING 3548 02:53:46,640 --> 02:53:48,600 GROUPS AND HELD 11 VIRTUAL 3549 02:53:48,600 --> 02:53:50,520 MEETINGS AND REALLY WERE 3550 02:53:50,520 --> 02:53:52,560 THOUGHTFUL IN DEVELOPING THE 3551 02:53:52,560 --> 02:53:53,400 FRAMEWORK AND RECOMMENDATIONS 3552 02:53:53,400 --> 02:53:54,080 THAT CAME TO US. 3553 02:53:54,080 --> 02:53:57,200 THOSE WERE APPROVED BY THE FULL 3554 02:53:57,200 --> 02:54:04,440 ADVISORY COUNCIL AND PUBLISHED 3555 02:54:04,440 --> 02:54:07,880 THE REPORT AND THEN IT WENT TO 3556 02:54:07,880 --> 02:54:12,560 INTERNAL NIH AND HIGH-LEVEL NIH 3557 02:54:12,560 --> 02:54:13,600 EXTRAMURAL COMMUNITY COMMITTEE 3558 02:54:13,600 --> 02:54:15,760 WORKED ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS 3559 02:54:15,760 --> 02:54:17,800 AND ADDED IN SOME MODIFICATION 3560 02:54:17,800 --> 02:54:19,160 NEEDED TO MAKE THEM WORKABLE FOR 3561 02:54:19,160 --> 02:54:25,400 THE NIH FOR THE FRAMEWORK. 3562 02:54:25,400 --> 02:54:27,120 THOSE WERE APPROVED BY 3563 02:54:27,120 --> 02:54:29,160 LEADERSHIP IN 2022. 3564 02:54:29,160 --> 02:54:32,920 IN DECEMBER WE OPENED IT UP TO 3565 02:54:32,920 --> 02:54:34,480 PUBLIC REQUEST FOR FINAL 3566 02:54:34,480 --> 02:54:36,240 RECOMMENDATIONS WENT UP THE 3567 02:54:36,240 --> 02:54:38,880 PROPOSED CHANGES WENT UP AS AN 3568 02:54:38,880 --> 02:54:49,320 RFI THAT RAN TO MARCH OF 2023. 3569 02:54:49,320 --> 02:54:51,840 NO PROPOSAL IS TO GROUP THE FIVE 3570 02:54:51,840 --> 02:54:54,080 EXISTING REVIEW CRITERIA INTO 3571 02:54:54,080 --> 02:54:55,560 THREE REVIEW FACTORS. 3572 02:54:55,560 --> 02:54:57,120 AND ALL OF THESE FACTORS CAN 3573 02:54:57,120 --> 02:54:58,720 AFFECT THE OVER ALL IMPACT SCORE 3574 02:54:58,720 --> 02:55:05,160 LIKE THE CRITERIA DO NOW. 3575 02:55:05,160 --> 02:55:06,520 IT BREAKS DOWN TO SHOULD IT BE 3576 02:55:06,520 --> 02:55:08,480 DONE, CAN IT BE DONE AND WILL IT 3577 02:55:08,480 --> 02:55:10,840 BE DONE IN THAT CONTEXT. 3578 02:55:10,840 --> 02:55:11,480 SHOULD IT BE DONE IS IMPORTANCE 3579 02:55:11,480 --> 02:55:18,200 OF THE RESEARCH. 3580 02:55:18,200 --> 02:55:23,560 UNDER THAT LIES IN INNOVATION 3581 02:55:23,560 --> 02:55:31,600 AND IT'S A CONFUSING CRITERIA. 3582 02:55:31,600 --> 02:55:40,560 OTHER TIMES INNOVATION MATTERS A 3583 02:55:40,560 --> 02:55:41,120 LITTLE LESS. 3584 02:55:41,120 --> 02:55:43,440 GROUPING THESE ALLOWS A LEVEL OF 3585 02:55:43,440 --> 02:55:44,880 FLEXIBILITY IN HOW TO INTERPRET 3586 02:55:44,880 --> 02:55:50,280 THIS IN COMING UP WITH A SCORE. 3587 02:55:50,280 --> 02:55:52,520 FACTOR TWO IS RIGOR AND 3588 02:55:52,520 --> 02:55:56,960 FEASIBILITY UNDER WHICH LIE 3589 02:55:56,960 --> 02:55:58,720 APPROACH AND THEY'RE HIGHLIGHTED 3590 02:55:58,720 --> 02:55:59,400 IN TERMS OF EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 3591 02:55:59,400 --> 02:56:05,640 AND ANALYSIS. 3592 02:56:05,640 --> 02:56:08,040 A BIG CHANGE IS FACTOR THREE 3593 02:56:08,040 --> 02:56:09,520 EXPERTISE AND RESOURCE. 3594 02:56:09,520 --> 02:56:13,920 THE FACTOR IS NOT INDIVIDUALLY 3595 02:56:13,920 --> 02:56:16,440 SCORED ITSELF BUT DROP DOWN 3596 02:56:16,440 --> 02:56:19,360 BINARY APPROACH FOR GAPS 3597 02:56:19,360 --> 02:56:24,080 IDENTIFIED IN EITHER EXPERTISE 3598 02:56:24,080 --> 02:56:26,680 OR RESOURCES UNDER WHICH THE 3599 02:56:26,680 --> 02:56:27,880 CRITERIA FALLS. 3600 02:56:27,880 --> 02:56:30,200 WHERE YOU HAVE NINE BINS TO PUT 3601 02:56:30,200 --> 02:56:30,920 INVESTIGATOR AND ENVIRONMENT AS 3602 02:56:30,920 --> 02:56:34,160 WE DO NOW WHAT WE SEE IS BIAS 3603 02:56:34,160 --> 02:56:35,240 CREEPING IN. 3604 02:56:35,240 --> 02:56:36,720 YOU HAVE THE DEATH BY A THOUS 3605 02:56:36,720 --> 02:56:42,400 AND -- THOUSAND CUTS FOR AN 3606 02:56:42,400 --> 02:56:43,880 ENVIRONMENT A SCORE OF ONE IF 3607 02:56:43,880 --> 02:56:45,960 IT'S A FAMOUS PLACE AND NO 3608 02:56:45,960 --> 02:56:51,720 WEAKNESSES OR A SCORE OF I DON'T 3609 02:56:51,720 --> 02:56:55,400 KNOW THREE BECAUSE IT'S AN HBCU 3610 02:56:55,400 --> 02:56:56,920 OR STATE SCHOOL AND THEY HAVE 3611 02:56:56,920 --> 02:56:58,160 APPROPRIATE RESOURCE TO CARRY 3612 02:56:58,160 --> 02:56:59,320 OUT THE RESEARCH. 3613 02:56:59,320 --> 02:57:01,680 TAKING AWAY THE NINE BINS AND 3614 02:57:01,680 --> 02:57:02,560 HAVING BASICALLY TWO BINS. 3615 02:57:02,560 --> 02:57:04,000 EITHER IT'S APPROPRIATE AND IF 3616 02:57:04,000 --> 02:57:04,920 NOT IT'S OKAY. 3617 02:57:04,920 --> 02:57:07,200 THEY HAVE TO SPECIFICALLY 3618 02:57:07,200 --> 02:57:09,040 IDENTIFY WHERE THE GAPS ARE. 3619 02:57:09,040 --> 02:57:13,400 IT FORCES THE REVIEWERS TO BE 3620 02:57:13,400 --> 02:57:16,400 FOCUSSED AND GIVE US INFORMATION 3621 02:57:16,400 --> 02:57:19,840 AND CAN FEED INTO THE OVER ALL 3622 02:57:19,840 --> 02:57:21,400 IMPACT SCORE. 3623 02:57:21,400 --> 02:57:22,440 MOST THE CRITERIA AND SUBJECTS 3624 02:57:22,440 --> 02:57:24,640 AND ANIMALS REMAIN UNCHANGED. 3625 02:57:24,640 --> 02:57:27,040 THAT HASN'T CHANGED MUCH AND THE 3626 02:57:27,040 --> 02:57:29,000 ADDITIONAL REVIEW CONSIDERATIONS 3627 02:57:29,000 --> 02:57:32,560 WHICH ARE BASICALLY 3628 02:57:32,560 --> 02:57:33,640 ADMINISTRATIVE ITEMS DON'T 3629 02:57:33,640 --> 02:57:39,760 IMPACT SCORE HAVE BEEN REMOVED. 3630 02:57:39,760 --> 02:57:42,560 THE UPDATE ON THE RFI CLOSED ON 3631 02:57:42,560 --> 02:57:43,560 MARCH 10. 3632 02:57:43,560 --> 02:57:47,200 WE GOT OVER 800 RESPONSES FROM 3633 02:57:47,200 --> 02:57:48,720 INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES AND 3634 02:57:48,720 --> 02:57:49,040 INSTITUTIONS. 3635 02:57:49,040 --> 02:57:50,800 IT'S NOT UNEXPECTED THAT A 3636 02:57:50,800 --> 02:57:53,480 MAJORITY OF THE RESPONSES WE GOT 3637 02:57:53,480 --> 02:57:54,840 WERE SUPPORTIVE BECAUSE WE GOT A 3638 02:57:54,840 --> 02:57:56,480 TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF INPUT ON 3639 02:57:56,480 --> 02:57:58,480 THE FRONT END AND WE ADDRESSED 3640 02:57:58,480 --> 02:57:59,960 SOME OF THE PAIN POINTS THE 3641 02:57:59,960 --> 02:58:01,880 COMMUNITY TOLD US THEY HAD. 3642 02:58:01,880 --> 02:58:08,440 MOST OF THEM WERE SUPPORTIVE. 3643 02:58:08,440 --> 02:58:10,120 MINORITY FACTORS IN SCORING WITH 3644 02:58:10,120 --> 02:58:12,120 THE INVESTIGATOR AND ENVIRONMENT 3645 02:58:12,120 --> 02:58:12,400 IMPORTANT. 3646 02:58:12,400 --> 02:58:14,960 A SMALLER MINORITY FELT WE 3647 02:58:14,960 --> 02:58:16,360 SHOULD JUST DO BLINDED REVIEWS 3648 02:58:16,360 --> 02:58:18,440 AND THERE'S A NUMBER OF ISSUES 3649 02:58:18,440 --> 02:58:20,280 WITH BLINDED REVIEWS WE CAN TALK 3650 02:58:20,280 --> 02:58:20,920 ABOUT IF YOU WANT TO IN THE Q&A 3651 02:58:20,920 --> 02:58:25,480 PART. 3652 02:58:25,480 --> 02:58:28,560 THE MAJORITY OF RESPONDENTS 3653 02:58:28,560 --> 02:58:30,720 SUGGESTED CSR DEVELOP STRONG 3654 02:58:30,720 --> 02:58:31,480 TRAINING RESOURCES BECAUSE IT'S 3655 02:58:31,480 --> 02:58:33,280 A BIG CHANGE AND IT WOULD TAKE 3656 02:58:33,280 --> 02:58:36,320 TIME TO SOCIALIZE THAT FOR 3657 02:58:36,320 --> 02:58:37,840 REVIEWERS, CHAIRS AND PRESENT 3658 02:58:37,840 --> 02:58:38,920 REVIEW OFFICERS AND ACROSS THE 3659 02:58:38,920 --> 02:58:40,760 NIH WHICH OF COURSE WE'RE TAKING 3660 02:58:40,760 --> 02:58:41,720 SERIOUSLY AND PLAN TO DO. 3661 02:58:41,720 --> 02:58:48,560 WE CURRENTLY HAVE A TRANS-NIH 3662 02:58:48,560 --> 02:58:49,720 IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE THAT 3663 02:58:49,720 --> 02:58:52,560 HAS A MULTIDIMENSIONAL DOMAIN 3664 02:58:52,560 --> 02:58:54,360 EXPERTISE IN POLICY, TRAINING, 3665 02:58:54,360 --> 02:58:55,720 REVIEWS, COMMUNICATIONS AND 3666 02:58:55,720 --> 02:58:56,840 SYSTEMS THAT REQUIRE A LOT OF 3667 02:58:56,840 --> 02:59:00,560 UPDATE TO TEMPLATES AND OTHER 3668 02:59:00,560 --> 02:59:01,800 ITEMS. 3669 02:59:01,800 --> 02:59:03,240 SO THAT COMMITTEE WILL CONSIDER 3670 02:59:03,240 --> 02:59:04,400 RFI INPUT AND DEVELOP A ROLLOUT 3671 02:59:04,400 --> 02:59:06,440 STRATEGY. 3672 02:59:06,440 --> 02:59:08,280 THE TENTATIVE IMPLEMENTATION 3673 02:59:08,280 --> 02:59:11,440 PLAN IS FOR THE OCTOBER 2024 3674 02:59:11,440 --> 02:59:15,080 RECEIPT DATE WHICH MEANS THE 3675 02:59:15,080 --> 02:59:17,560 STUDY SECTION USING THE FACTORS 3676 02:59:17,560 --> 02:59:21,920 WILL BE IN FEBRUARY/MARCH 2025. 3677 02:59:21,920 --> 02:59:24,320 AND I'LL HAVE TO ACKNOWLEDGE OUR 3678 02:59:24,320 --> 02:59:26,560 ADVISORY COUNCIL WORKING GROUP 3679 02:59:26,560 --> 02:59:28,080 FOR CLINICAL TRIALS AND 3680 02:59:28,080 --> 02:59:29,400 NON-CLINICAL TRIALS THEY WORK 3681 02:59:29,400 --> 02:59:31,880 HARD AND CAME UP WITH SOMETHING 3682 02:59:31,880 --> 02:59:34,200 THAT REALLY STRUCK EVERYONE AS 3683 02:59:34,200 --> 02:59:36,040 BEING A MOF IN A POSITIVE 3684 02:59:36,040 --> 02:59:39,600 DIRECTION SO THANK YOU. 3685 02:59:39,600 --> 02:59:42,720 IN ADDITION TO RPG, RESEARCH 3686 02:59:42,720 --> 02:59:43,880 PROJECT PLANS, WE WERE ALSO 3687 02:59:43,880 --> 02:59:48,560 LOOKING AT THE REVIEW OF NRSA 3688 02:59:48,560 --> 02:59:49,240 FELLOWSHIP APPLICATION. 3689 02:59:49,240 --> 02:59:52,880 THE BACKGROUND HERE IS THAT CSR 3690 02:59:52,880 --> 02:59:55,760 ADVISORY COUNCIL WORKING GROUP 3691 02:59:55,760 --> 02:59:56,920 WAS CONVENED LAST YEAR. 3692 02:59:56,920 --> 03:00:00,000 THEY SPENT SOME TIME GATHERING 3693 03:00:00,000 --> 03:00:02,280 DATA IN COMMUNITY FEEDBACK 3694 03:00:02,280 --> 03:00:03,200 SIMILAR TO TWO BLOGS LIKE THE 3695 03:00:03,200 --> 03:00:05,760 OTHER WORKING GROUPS AND WE GAVE 3696 03:00:05,760 --> 03:00:08,640 THEM THE CONTENT ANALYSIS AND 3697 03:00:08,640 --> 03:00:08,880 DATA. 3698 03:00:08,880 --> 03:00:09,840 THEY ASKED FOR A LOT OF DATA AND 3699 03:00:09,840 --> 03:00:13,640 WE PROVIDED THAT TO THEM AND 3700 03:00:13,640 --> 03:00:16,040 THEY HELPED BUILD 14 VIRTUAL 3701 03:00:16,040 --> 03:00:17,160 MEETINGS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS AND 3702 03:00:17,160 --> 03:00:22,960 ALL THE REPORTS ARE ON OUR 3703 03:00:22,960 --> 03:00:24,560 WEBSITE. 3704 03:00:24,560 --> 03:00:25,720 YOU CAN FIND THEM THERE. 3705 03:00:25,720 --> 03:00:28,120 THE DATA SUPPORTED THE 3706 03:00:28,120 --> 03:00:28,360 COMMUNITY. 3707 03:00:28,360 --> 03:00:30,200 THE FELLOWSHIP APPLICATIONS ARE 3708 03:00:30,200 --> 03:00:32,600 RECEIVE FROM A SMALL NUMBER OF 3709 03:00:32,600 --> 03:00:32,960 INSTITUTIONS. 3710 03:00:32,960 --> 03:00:36,560 THE VAST MAJORITY OF FELLOWSHIP 3711 03:00:36,560 --> 03:00:37,600 APPLICATIONS COME FROM A SMALL 3712 03:00:37,600 --> 03:00:39,880 NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS AND THE 3713 03:00:39,880 --> 03:00:40,800 APPLICATIONS FROM THOSE 3714 03:00:40,800 --> 03:00:42,440 INSTITUTIONS TEND TO DO BETTER 3715 03:00:42,440 --> 03:00:43,800 IN REVIEW BECAUSE THEY'RE GOOD 3716 03:00:43,800 --> 03:00:45,400 AT WRITING THEM AND KNOW HOW TO 3717 03:00:45,400 --> 03:00:47,440 POP THEM OUT, RIGHT. 3718 03:00:47,440 --> 03:00:49,760 THE REVIEW OUTCOMES FOR 3719 03:00:49,760 --> 03:00:52,120 FELLOWSHIPS ARE DIRECTLY RELATED 3720 03:00:52,120 --> 03:00:54,520 TO THE SENIORITY OF THE SPONSOR. 3721 03:00:54,520 --> 03:00:59,160 SO BOTH OF THOSE WE FELT WERE 3722 03:00:59,160 --> 03:01:00,320 PROBLEMATIC ISSUE AND WE'RE 3723 03:01:00,320 --> 03:01:02,200 LEAVING OUT PROMISING SCIENTISTS 3724 03:01:02,200 --> 03:01:05,160 OF THE FUTURE BECAUSE OF THE 3725 03:01:05,160 --> 03:01:07,160 PROCESS THAT'S HEAVILY FAVORS 3726 03:01:07,160 --> 03:01:08,160 ALLEGIANCE TO INSTITUTIONS OR 3727 03:01:08,160 --> 03:01:09,520 SENIOR WELL KNOWN SPONSORS. 3728 03:01:09,520 --> 03:01:11,560 IT'S THE SAME ISSUE THAT WE WERE 3729 03:01:11,560 --> 03:01:19,880 DEALING WITH IN RPG. 3730 03:01:19,880 --> 03:01:22,400 ONE IS TO ENSURE THE INFORMATION 3731 03:01:22,400 --> 03:01:23,800 FOR THE REVIEW COMMITTEE IS 3732 03:01:23,800 --> 03:01:25,800 TARGETED AND ALLOWS THE 3733 03:01:25,800 --> 03:01:27,000 APPLICANTS ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN 3734 03:01:27,000 --> 03:01:29,920 THE CONTEXT OF THE OPPORTUNITIES 3735 03:01:29,920 --> 03:01:31,560 THEY'VE HAD AND REALLY HAVE A 3736 03:01:31,560 --> 03:01:34,160 TRAINING PLAN THAT'S TARGETED TO 3737 03:01:34,160 --> 03:01:35,680 THE CANDIDATE'S NAME. 3738 03:01:35,680 --> 03:01:37,920 AND THEN TO REVISE THE REVIEW 3739 03:01:37,920 --> 03:01:42,320 CRITERIA TO BETTER FOCUS ON THE 3740 03:01:42,320 --> 03:01:43,760 APPLICANT'S POTENTIAL AND THE 3741 03:01:43,760 --> 03:01:45,160 TRAINING PLAN AND WITHOUT HAVING 3742 03:01:45,160 --> 03:01:49,240 THE REPUTATIONAL BIAS COME IN. 3743 03:01:49,240 --> 03:01:52,560 AND AGAIN THE OVERARCHING GOAL 3744 03:01:52,560 --> 03:01:58,160 IS TO FACILITATE THE PEER REVIEW 3745 03:01:58,160 --> 03:02:02,240 AND TRAINING FOR THE FUTURE. 3746 03:02:02,240 --> 03:02:02,440 OKAY. 3747 03:02:02,440 --> 03:02:03,600 SO THE FIRST RECOMMENDATION IS 3748 03:02:03,600 --> 03:02:05,720 TO CHANGE THE FELLOWSHIP 3749 03:02:05,720 --> 03:02:08,280 APPLICATION WHICH IS THE 3750 03:02:08,280 --> 03:02:09,480 INFORMATION PROVIDED TO THE 3751 03:02:09,480 --> 03:02:09,760 REVIEWER. 3752 03:02:09,760 --> 03:02:11,800 I WENT GO THROUGH ALL OF THIS 3753 03:02:11,800 --> 03:02:14,880 OTHER THAN TO SAY UNDERGRADUATE 3754 03:02:14,880 --> 03:02:16,400 GRAITS GRADES WERE NOT SEEN AS A 3755 03:02:16,400 --> 03:02:21,360 STRONG PREDICTOR OF SUCCESS IN 3756 03:02:21,360 --> 03:02:23,120 RESEARCH AND WHAT WE HEARD FROM 3757 03:02:23,120 --> 03:02:26,080 THE WORKING GROUP AND COMMUNITY 3758 03:02:26,080 --> 03:02:26,360 FEEDBACK. 3759 03:02:26,360 --> 03:02:27,880 THAT'S BEEN A BREWING ISSUE. 3760 03:02:27,880 --> 03:02:29,520 THEY RECOMMENDED ELIMINATION OF 3761 03:02:29,520 --> 03:02:31,280 GRADES FROM THE APPLICATION. 3762 03:02:31,280 --> 03:02:35,920 AND REVISING THE REST OF THE 3763 03:02:35,920 --> 03:02:36,520 APPLICATION TO BE TARGETED. 3764 03:02:36,520 --> 03:02:37,560 THE RESEARCH TRAINING PLAN OR 3765 03:02:37,560 --> 03:02:38,880 SCIENTIFIC PART DOES NOT CHANGE. 3766 03:02:38,880 --> 03:02:49,360 THAT REMAINS THE WAY IT IS. 3767 03:02:51,200 --> 03:02:58,120 THE REVISION RELI ELIMIELIMINAT 3768 03:02:58,120 --> 03:03:02,280 CUT AND PASTE AND REVISION TWO 3769 03:03:02,280 --> 03:03:04,680 WAS TO CHANGE THE REVIEW 3770 03:03:04,680 --> 03:03:07,440 CRITERIA AND ONCE AGAIN WHEN YOU 3771 03:03:07,440 --> 03:03:09,120 HAVE CRITERIA THAT SAYS 3772 03:03:09,120 --> 03:03:10,440 SPONSORS, COLLABORATORS AND 3773 03:03:10,440 --> 03:03:14,440 CONSULTANTS IT'S REALLY HARD FOR 3774 03:03:14,440 --> 03:03:17,040 REVIEWERS TO NOT WEIGHT THE 3775 03:03:17,040 --> 03:03:18,760 SPONSOR'S REPUTATION BECAUSE THE 3776 03:03:18,760 --> 03:03:20,560 SENIOR SPONSORS TEND TO DO 3777 03:03:20,560 --> 03:03:20,880 BETTER. 3778 03:03:20,880 --> 03:03:23,320 SAME WITH INSTITUTIONAL 3779 03:03:23,320 --> 03:03:23,600 ENVIRONMENT. 3780 03:03:23,600 --> 03:03:25,960 THAT'S WHERE SOME BIAS COMES IN 3781 03:03:25,960 --> 03:03:27,600 AND THE SPONSOR IS REALLY 3782 03:03:27,600 --> 03:03:29,760 IMPORTANT SO IS THE 3783 03:03:29,760 --> 03:03:31,400 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT BUT 3784 03:03:31,400 --> 03:03:36,280 HERE IT INTEGRATED INTO 3785 03:03:36,280 --> 03:03:37,000 SCIENTIFIC RESOURCES AVAILABLE 3786 03:03:37,000 --> 03:03:39,320 TO THE TRAINEE AND THE SPECIFIC 3787 03:03:39,320 --> 03:03:41,240 TRAINING PLAN AND RESOURCES. 3788 03:03:41,240 --> 03:03:41,760 THAT'S WHERE SPONSOR AND 3789 03:03:41,760 --> 03:03:44,880 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT WILL 3790 03:03:44,880 --> 03:03:45,600 COME IN. 3791 03:03:45,600 --> 03:03:48,040 SO THEY RECOMMEND THREE 3792 03:03:48,040 --> 03:03:48,560 CRITERIA. 3793 03:03:48,560 --> 03:03:50,880 IN 2022 THE FULL ADVISORY 3794 03:03:50,880 --> 03:03:53,440 COUNCIL CSR APPROVED THE 3795 03:03:53,440 --> 03:03:55,480 RECOMMENDATIONS AND THEN THESE 3796 03:03:55,480 --> 03:03:56,400 WENT THROUGH WITHOUT MUCH CHANGE 3797 03:03:56,400 --> 03:04:03,160 AND WERE ENDORSED BY NIH 3798 03:04:03,160 --> 03:04:10,680 LEADERSHIP. 3799 03:04:10,680 --> 03:04:15,680 WE ISSUED AN RFI OPEN THROUGH 3800 03:04:15,680 --> 03:04:17,720 JUNE 2025 AND I ENCOURAGE YOU TO 3801 03:04:17,720 --> 03:04:19,320 SHARE THIS WITH YOUR NETWORKS 3802 03:04:19,320 --> 03:04:22,800 AND SHARE MORE BACKGROUND IN OUR 3803 03:04:22,800 --> 03:04:27,040 BLOGS WE POSTED ABOUT THE RFI 3804 03:04:27,040 --> 03:04:29,000 AND THERE'S A BACKGROUND PAGE 3805 03:04:29,000 --> 03:04:30,960 AND E-MAIL TO ASK QUESTIONS OF. 3806 03:04:30,960 --> 03:04:34,200 I URGE TO YOU SHARE THIS BROADLY 3807 03:04:34,200 --> 03:04:36,000 AND MAKE SURE WE GET FEEDBACK 3808 03:04:36,000 --> 03:04:46,520 FROM A BROAD VARIETY OF SOURCES. 3809 03:05:09,440 --> 03:05:11,560 I GET QUESTIONS ABOUT THE 3810 03:05:11,560 --> 03:05:12,440 REVIEWER PROCESS. 3811 03:05:12,440 --> 03:05:14,160 I TRY TO TAG TEAM IT AND MAKE 3812 03:05:14,160 --> 03:05:15,120 SURE I TALK ABOUT EVERYTHING 3813 03:05:15,120 --> 03:05:18,320 ELSE WE'RE GOING IN THE SPACE. 3814 03:05:18,320 --> 03:05:20,760 FIRST OF ALL CHAIRS ARE REALLY 3815 03:05:20,760 --> 03:05:22,920 IMPORTANT. 3816 03:05:22,920 --> 03:05:24,720 THE ROLL OF THE CHAIR IN 3817 03:05:24,720 --> 03:05:26,640 ENSURING THE PEER-REVIEW PROCESS 3818 03:05:26,640 --> 03:05:28,200 IS CRITICAL. 3819 03:05:28,200 --> 03:05:29,720 CSR HAS AROUND 180 STUDY SECTION 3820 03:05:29,720 --> 03:05:32,280 AND TWO-YEAR APPOINTMENTS FOR 3821 03:05:32,280 --> 03:05:33,440 CHAIRS. 3822 03:05:33,440 --> 03:05:35,000 EVERY YEAR WE HAVE AROUND OO NEW 3823 03:05:35,000 --> 03:05:37,880 CHAIRS WE'RE CYCLING IN AND HOLD 3824 03:05:37,880 --> 03:05:43,320 NINE TO TEN TWO-HOUR SESSIONS 3825 03:05:43,320 --> 03:05:44,640 VIRTUAL NOW I GUESS IT USED TO 3826 03:05:44,640 --> 03:05:46,880 BE IN PERSON. 3827 03:05:46,880 --> 03:05:48,000 THESE WORK WELL AS VIRTUAL TO 3828 03:05:48,000 --> 03:05:48,800 OUR MEETINGS. 3829 03:05:48,800 --> 03:05:50,680 WE BRING IN THE CHAIRS AND HAVE 3830 03:05:50,680 --> 03:05:56,320 AN INTERACTIVE DISCUSSION WITH 3831 03:05:56,320 --> 03:05:58,320 THE VIGNETTE-BASED FRAMEWORK AND 3832 03:05:58,320 --> 03:06:00,760 GET IN THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF 3833 03:06:00,760 --> 03:06:05,760 WHAT CHAIRS DO AND ENSURE A 3834 03:06:05,760 --> 03:06:06,600 STRUCTURE THAT'S POSITIVE AND 3835 03:06:06,600 --> 03:06:08,440 GET INTO THE DETAILS. 3836 03:06:08,440 --> 03:06:09,840 THIS HAS BEEN VERY HELPFUL IN 3837 03:06:09,840 --> 03:06:10,600 ENSURING OUR CHAIRS ARE GETTING 3838 03:06:10,600 --> 03:06:14,720 ON THE SAME PAGE. 3839 03:06:14,720 --> 03:06:17,600 WE ALSO LAUNCHED A BIAS 3840 03:06:17,600 --> 03:06:19,560 AWARENESS TRAINING MODULE FOR 3841 03:06:19,560 --> 03:06:21,720 REVIEWERS BACK IN 2021. 3842 03:06:21,720 --> 03:06:25,440 THIS IS NOT IMPLICIT BIAS 3843 03:06:25,440 --> 03:06:27,000 TRAINING AND WE CANNOT GET IN 3844 03:06:27,000 --> 03:06:29,520 THE REVIEWER'S HEAD AND MAKE 3845 03:06:29,520 --> 03:06:30,720 THEM A DIFFERENT HUMAN BEING. 3846 03:06:30,720 --> 03:06:33,400 WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS MITIGATE 3847 03:06:33,400 --> 03:06:35,760 AND MAKE SURE THEY'RE BIAS IS 3848 03:06:35,760 --> 03:06:38,120 NOT CREEPING INTO THE 3849 03:06:38,120 --> 03:06:39,280 PEER-REVIEW PROCESS. 3850 03:06:39,280 --> 03:06:43,640 SO OUR FOCUS HAS BEEN BIAS AND 3851 03:06:43,640 --> 03:06:44,920 THIS IS A 30-MINUTE TRAINING. 3852 03:06:44,920 --> 03:06:47,560 WE DID THIS WITH THE HELP OF OUR 3853 03:06:47,560 --> 03:06:48,120 ADVISORY COUNCIL. 3854 03:06:48,120 --> 03:06:51,400 THERE'S A WORKING GROUP THAT 3855 03:06:51,400 --> 03:06:56,680 HELP WIED WITH IDEAS AND CONTEN 3856 03:06:56,680 --> 03:07:04,120 AND MORE THAN 19,000 CSR 3857 03:07:04,120 --> 03:07:05,200 REVIEWERS HAVE TAKEN THE 3858 03:07:05,200 --> 03:07:08,560 TRAINING AND IT'S BEEN WELL 3859 03:07:08,560 --> 03:07:11,240 RECEIVED AND THOSE WHO HAVE 3860 03:07:11,240 --> 03:07:12,760 TAKEN IT WE HEAR IT MENTIONED 3861 03:07:12,760 --> 03:07:16,200 DURING THE STUDY SECTION 3862 03:07:16,200 --> 03:07:18,040 MEETINGS YOU CAN'T SAY THAT -- 3863 03:07:18,040 --> 03:07:19,920 THE TRAINING TOLD US YOU CAN'T 3864 03:07:19,920 --> 03:07:22,200 GIVE SOMEONE THE BENEFIT OF THE 3865 03:07:22,200 --> 03:07:23,960 DOUBT BECAUSE YOU RECOGNIZE 3866 03:07:23,960 --> 03:07:29,080 THEIR NAME, SOMEONE FAMOUS IN 3867 03:07:29,080 --> 03:07:31,120 THE FIELD AND INTRODUCED COMFORT 3868 03:07:31,120 --> 03:07:32,280 IN INTERVENING AND THE REPORT IS 3869 03:07:32,280 --> 03:07:35,560 ON OUR WEBSITE AND WE'RE GETTING 3870 03:07:35,560 --> 03:07:38,480 GOOD FEEDBACK. 3871 03:07:38,480 --> 03:07:40,280 THIS WEEK WE HEARD MORE GOOD 3872 03:07:40,280 --> 03:07:41,560 FEEDBACK ABOUT THE TRAINING ON 3873 03:07:41,560 --> 03:07:41,960 SOCIAL MEDIA. 3874 03:07:41,960 --> 03:07:44,440 THE PLAN IS FOR THIS TO BE 3875 03:07:44,440 --> 03:07:46,720 REQUIRED FOR ALL NIH REVIEWERS 3876 03:07:46,720 --> 03:07:48,560 BEGINNING WITH THE MAY 2024 3877 03:07:48,560 --> 03:07:50,560 COUNCIL REVIEW MEETING. 3878 03:07:50,560 --> 03:07:52,840 SO CSR IS NOW WORKING WITH THE 3879 03:07:52,840 --> 03:08:02,920 E.R.A. TO MAKE THAT HAPPEN. 3880 03:08:02,920 --> 03:08:07,840 WE ALSO HAVE A REVIEW INTEGRATE 3881 03:08:07,840 --> 03:08:12,920 TRAINING WITH VIGNETTES AND 3882 03:08:12,920 --> 03:08:14,200 IDEAS FROM AN ADVISORY COUNCIL 3883 03:08:14,200 --> 03:08:15,440 WORKING GROUP AND IT'S 30 3884 03:08:15,440 --> 03:08:16,040 MINUTES AS WELL. 3885 03:08:16,040 --> 03:08:18,600 IT TALKS ABOUT THE REVIEWER'S 3886 03:08:18,600 --> 03:08:20,480 ROLE IN PROTECT THE 3887 03:08:20,480 --> 03:08:22,080 CONFIDENTIALITY AND GOES THROUGH 3888 03:08:22,080 --> 03:08:23,400 SCENARIOS BEFORE, DURING AND 3889 03:08:23,400 --> 03:08:25,200 AFTER THE MEETING PEOPLE 3890 03:08:25,200 --> 03:08:26,200 ENCOUNTER THAT REVIEWERS HAVE 3891 03:08:26,200 --> 03:08:28,040 TOLD US THEY ENCOUNTER AND 3892 03:08:28,040 --> 03:08:29,280 PROVIDING TOOLS HOW TO HANDLE 3893 03:08:29,280 --> 03:08:39,760 THE SITUATION AND REPORTING. 3894 03:08:41,880 --> 03:08:44,160 IT'S BASED ON ACTUAL INCIDENTS 3895 03:08:44,160 --> 03:08:47,560 AND MORE THAN 12,000 REVIEWERS 3896 03:08:47,560 --> 03:08:48,520 COMPLETED THE TRAINING AND IT 3897 03:08:48,520 --> 03:08:55,360 WILL BE REQUIRED FOR ALL NIH 3898 03:08:55,360 --> 03:08:58,800 REVIEWERS AND OUR RECORDING OF 3899 03:08:58,800 --> 03:09:00,800 PEOPLE TRYING TO TAMPER WITH THE 3900 03:09:00,800 --> 03:09:01,920 PROCESS HAS GONE UP AFTER THE 3901 03:09:01,920 --> 03:09:03,400 TRAINING AND I THINK IT'S 3902 03:09:03,400 --> 03:09:04,720 ACHIEVING ITS GOAL AND HOPEFULLY 3903 03:09:04,720 --> 03:09:10,680 WILL BE ABLE TO ALL OF NIH SOON. 3904 03:09:10,680 --> 03:09:15,800 WE ALSO HAVE A DIRECT REPORTING 3905 03:09:15,800 --> 03:09:24,040 MECHANISM FOR BIAS AND GABRIEL 3906 03:09:24,040 --> 03:09:27,840 FOSU IS THE DIRECTOR FOR DEI AND 3907 03:09:27,840 --> 03:09:29,440 IT'S AVAILABLE TO ALL APPLICANTS 3908 03:09:29,440 --> 03:09:32,040 AND REVIEWERS WHO CAN REPORT 3909 03:09:32,040 --> 03:09:34,440 DIRECTLY TO US BIAS IN ANY 3910 03:09:34,440 --> 03:09:35,440 ASPECT IN THE MEETING OR REVIEW 3911 03:09:35,440 --> 03:09:36,200 OF APPLICATIONS OR ANYTHING AT 3912 03:09:36,200 --> 03:09:40,520 ALL. 3913 03:09:40,520 --> 03:09:43,280 WE LOOK AT EVERY ALLEGATION AND 3914 03:09:43,280 --> 03:09:48,560 HAVE A TRACKING SYSTEM AND DR 3915 03:09:48,560 --> 03:09:50,000 DRDR. 3916 03:09:50,000 --> 03:09:53,320 DR. FOSU WILL TAKE IT OUT OF THE 3917 03:09:53,320 --> 03:09:54,160 LINE OF AUTHORITY. 3918 03:09:54,160 --> 03:09:57,080 IF WE THINK THE REVIEW WAS 3919 03:09:57,080 --> 03:10:01,920 BIASSED OR FLAWED WE'LL 3920 03:10:01,920 --> 03:10:06,240 RE-REVIEW THE APPLICATION TO NOT 3921 03:10:06,240 --> 03:10:07,640 DISADVANTAGE THE APPLICANT. 3922 03:10:07,640 --> 03:10:09,080 AND THERE'S TIMES THERE'S A 3923 03:10:09,080 --> 03:10:09,920 DIFFERENCE IN SCIENTIFIC OPINION 3924 03:10:09,920 --> 03:10:12,160 AND IN THAT CASE WE GUIDE THEM 3925 03:10:12,160 --> 03:10:15,120 BACK TO THE INSTITUTE COUNCIL 3926 03:10:15,120 --> 03:10:16,720 PROCESS FOR APPEAL AND THAT 3927 03:10:16,720 --> 03:10:18,480 REMAINS AVAILABLE TO ALL NIH 3928 03:10:18,480 --> 03:10:18,800 INVESTIGATORS. 3929 03:10:18,800 --> 03:10:21,320 AND THEN THE LAST PART IS REALLY 3930 03:10:21,320 --> 03:10:24,240 IMPORTANT BECAUSE I THINK THAT'S 3931 03:10:24,240 --> 03:10:26,640 WHAT FOSTERS OUR ATTEMPT TO 3932 03:10:26,640 --> 03:10:29,400 FOSTER CUL TAUR CHANGE IN THE 3933 03:10:29,400 --> 03:10:30,120 REVIEW COMMUNITY. 3934 03:10:30,120 --> 03:10:33,160 IF THERE'S A BIAS REVIEW DUE TO 3935 03:10:33,160 --> 03:10:37,840 A STATEMENT WE FOUND BIAS IN THE 3936 03:10:37,840 --> 03:10:40,400 SUMMARY STATEMENT THE SCIENTIFIC 3937 03:10:40,400 --> 03:10:41,240 DIVISION DIRECTOR GOES BACK TO 3938 03:10:41,240 --> 03:10:43,600 THE REVIEWER SAYING YOU SAID 3939 03:10:43,600 --> 03:10:47,960 THIS AND THIS RESULTED IN A 3940 03:10:47,960 --> 03:10:51,280 COMPLETE RE-REVIEW AND WE 3941 03:10:51,280 --> 03:10:51,520 LISTEN. 3942 03:10:51,520 --> 03:10:53,720 THE VAST MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WE 3943 03:10:53,720 --> 03:10:56,320 CONTACT ARE EMBARRASSED AND 3944 03:10:56,320 --> 03:10:57,400 AGREE WITH US AND LEARN ISSUING 3945 03:10:57,400 --> 03:10:59,080 AND THAT'S WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO 3946 03:10:59,080 --> 03:11:02,480 PROMOTE IS FOSTERING THAT 3947 03:11:02,480 --> 03:11:02,720 CULTURE. 3948 03:11:02,720 --> 03:11:04,160 SMALL MINORITY ARGUES WITH US 3949 03:11:04,160 --> 03:11:05,560 AND THAT TELLS US SOMETHING 3950 03:11:05,560 --> 03:11:07,640 ABOUT THE REVIEWER AND THAT 3951 03:11:07,640 --> 03:11:09,200 HELPS US DETERMINE IF WE KEEP 3952 03:11:09,200 --> 03:11:10,960 THAT PERSON ON COMMITTEE OR NOT. 3953 03:11:10,960 --> 03:11:14,160 AND THEN FINALLY TO TALK ABOUT 3954 03:11:14,160 --> 03:11:17,040 DIVERSIFYING REVIEW PANELS, SO 3955 03:11:17,040 --> 03:11:19,040 WE WANT TO -- WE'RE ALWAYS 3956 03:11:19,040 --> 03:11:20,560 ATTEMPTING TO BROADEN THE POOL 3957 03:11:20,560 --> 03:11:21,760 OF REVIEWERS AND A COUPLE YEARS 3958 03:11:21,760 --> 03:11:24,000 AGO WE LAUNCHED THIS TOOL FOR 3959 03:11:24,000 --> 03:11:25,480 SROs BECAUSE THEY TEND TO LEAN 3960 03:11:25,480 --> 03:11:27,160 ON THEIR NETWORKS. 3961 03:11:27,160 --> 03:11:29,120 IT'S NATURAL AND NORMAL. 3962 03:11:29,120 --> 03:11:31,240 I'VE DONE IT MYSELF. 3963 03:11:31,240 --> 03:11:34,200 AND THIS ALLOWS SORT OF BEYOND 3964 03:11:34,200 --> 03:11:35,520 JUST THE NIH NETWORK. 3965 03:11:35,520 --> 03:11:37,720 SO WE HAVE PEOPLE WHO ARE -- 3966 03:11:37,720 --> 03:11:39,720 WELL, THERE'S ALSO NIH AND 3967 03:11:39,720 --> 03:11:41,360 PEOPLE NIH FUNDED BUT HAVEN'T 3968 03:11:41,360 --> 03:11:42,880 BEEN USED THAT MUCH OR NEVER 3969 03:11:42,880 --> 03:11:43,120 INVITE. 3970 03:11:43,120 --> 03:11:45,600 WE HAVE LISTENING SESSIONS A 3971 03:11:45,600 --> 03:11:48,400 COUPLE YEARS AGO AND I WAS 3972 03:11:48,400 --> 03:11:50,800 APPALLED TO SEE INVESTIGATORS 3973 03:11:50,800 --> 03:11:53,040 SAYING I'VE NEVER BEEN CALLED 3974 03:11:53,040 --> 03:11:57,520 THOUGH I HAVE AN RO1 OR TWO RO1s 3975 03:11:57,520 --> 03:11:59,320 AND THAT'S BECAUSE OF NETWORKS 3976 03:11:59,320 --> 03:12:00,640 AND WHO YOU THINK OF IN A 3977 03:12:00,640 --> 03:12:01,440 CERTAIN FIELD. 3978 03:12:01,440 --> 03:12:02,840 DON'T THINK OF EVERYONE. 3979 03:12:02,840 --> 03:12:04,560 WE HAVE I.C. RECOMMENDATIONS IN 3980 03:12:04,560 --> 03:12:08,560 THERE AND HAVE OTHER AGENCIES, 3981 03:12:08,560 --> 03:12:10,840 NSF AND DOD AND OTHER 3982 03:12:10,840 --> 03:12:12,920 AGENCY-FUNDED INDIVIDUALS AND WE 3983 03:12:12,920 --> 03:12:15,480 INVITED SOCIETIES TO CONTRIBUTE 3984 03:12:15,480 --> 03:12:15,880 NAMES. 3985 03:12:15,880 --> 03:12:18,080 EARLY CAREER REVIEWERS IN THE 3986 03:12:18,080 --> 03:12:18,760 APPLICANT POOL. 3987 03:12:18,760 --> 03:12:22,640 THIS IS A SINGLE INTERFACE FOR 3988 03:12:22,640 --> 03:12:24,520 SROs AND IF I'M LOOKING FOR 3989 03:12:24,520 --> 03:12:26,680 SOMEONE IN ADDICTION OF A 3990 03:12:26,680 --> 03:12:28,920 CERTAIN KIND I CAN GO THERE, 3991 03:12:28,920 --> 03:12:30,560 SEARCH OR EVEN SEARCH UNDER MY 3992 03:12:30,560 --> 03:12:31,840 STUDY SECTION AND IT WILL MATCH 3993 03:12:31,840 --> 03:12:34,280 ME UP WITH A BUNCH OF PEOPLE 3994 03:12:34,280 --> 03:12:36,200 MANY OF WHOM I MAY NEVER HAVE 3995 03:12:36,200 --> 03:12:37,720 HEARD OF BEFORE. 3996 03:12:37,720 --> 03:12:40,560 IT BROADENS THE POOL FOR THOSE 3997 03:12:40,560 --> 03:12:42,040 DOING THE RECRUITMENT. 3998 03:12:42,040 --> 03:12:45,760 AND OUR STRATEGIES HAVE BEEN 3999 03:12:45,760 --> 03:12:46,280 MULTI-PRONGED. 4000 03:12:46,280 --> 03:12:47,800 IT'S NOT JUST THE TOOL. 4001 03:12:47,800 --> 03:12:51,240 THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS 4002 03:12:51,240 --> 03:12:52,160 MESSAGING TO STAFF. 4003 03:12:52,160 --> 03:12:55,480 THE REALLY CRITICAL NEED FOR NIH 4004 03:12:55,480 --> 03:13:00,560 TO HEAR DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES TO 4005 03:13:00,560 --> 03:13:04,480 ENSURE PEER REVIEW IS LOOKING AT 4006 03:13:04,480 --> 03:13:06,040 THE MOST DISRUPTIVE SCIENCE AND 4007 03:13:06,040 --> 03:13:09,240 IF YOU INVITE THE SAME PEOPLE 4008 03:13:09,240 --> 03:13:11,600 YOU'LL GET DERIVATIVE SCIENCE. 4009 03:13:11,600 --> 03:13:15,120 AND EMPHASIZING QUALITY IN 4010 03:13:15,120 --> 03:13:17,720 REVIEW MEANS BROAD DIVERSITY IN 4011 03:13:17,720 --> 03:13:19,760 MULTIPLE DOMAINS. 4012 03:13:19,760 --> 03:13:21,640 THAT'S NOT JUST DEMOGRAPHIC AND 4013 03:13:21,640 --> 03:13:23,640 GEOGRAPHIC THOUGH IT'S IMPORTANT 4014 03:13:23,640 --> 03:13:24,520 BUT CAREER STAGE AND HOW MUCH 4015 03:13:24,520 --> 03:13:26,080 EXPERIENCE YOU HAVE IN PEER 4016 03:13:26,080 --> 03:13:26,320 REVIEW. 4017 03:13:26,320 --> 03:13:27,760 WE WANT FRESH PEOPLE IN THERE 4018 03:13:27,760 --> 03:13:28,960 WHO HAVE NEVER DONE IT. 4019 03:13:28,960 --> 03:13:30,880 WE NEED EXPERIENCED PEOPLE AND 4020 03:13:30,880 --> 03:13:32,920 PEOPLE WHO NEVER EXPERIENCED 4021 03:13:32,920 --> 03:13:33,880 REVIEW AND SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND 4022 03:13:33,880 --> 03:13:34,280 AND PERSPECTIVE. 4023 03:13:34,280 --> 03:13:36,200 YOU DON'T WANT FIVE PEOPLE WHO 4024 03:13:36,200 --> 03:13:38,680 CAN TRACE THEIR LINEAGE BACK TO 4025 03:13:38,680 --> 03:13:39,720 THE SAME PERSON. 4026 03:13:39,720 --> 03:13:40,760 IT'S JUST ONE MODEL THEY'RE 4027 03:13:40,760 --> 03:13:41,320 FOLLOWING IN THE FIELD, FOR 4028 03:13:41,320 --> 03:13:46,360 EXAMPLE. 4029 03:13:46,360 --> 03:13:49,320 OUR STANDING STUDY SECTION 4030 03:13:49,320 --> 03:13:51,400 PROCESS IS ACTUALLY THOROUGH AND 4031 03:13:51,400 --> 03:13:54,920 I'LL SHOW YOU DATA IN A BIT. 4032 03:13:54,920 --> 03:13:57,120 IT'S ENRICHED DIVERSITY. 4033 03:13:57,120 --> 03:13:58,720 IT HAS MULTIPLE LEVELS OF 4034 03:13:58,720 --> 03:13:59,000 OVERSIGHT. 4035 03:13:59,000 --> 03:13:59,960 THAT'S A DIFFERENT ISSUE. 4036 03:13:59,960 --> 03:14:02,320 OUR ISSUE WAS LOOKING AT SPECIAL 4037 03:14:02,320 --> 03:14:04,280 EMPHASIZE PANELS AND THESE ARE 4038 03:14:04,280 --> 03:14:07,680 AD HOC PANELS THAT ARE CREATED 4039 03:14:07,680 --> 03:14:09,600 WITHOUT THAT MUCH NOTICE AND 4040 03:14:09,600 --> 03:14:10,960 THAT'S WHEN PEOPLE TEND TO LEAN 4041 03:14:10,960 --> 03:14:11,760 ON THEIR NETWORK. 4042 03:14:11,760 --> 03:14:14,560 WE HAVE TO ASSEMBLE SOMEONE VERY 4043 03:14:14,560 --> 03:14:16,080 QUICKLY AND YOU THINK ABOUT A 4044 03:14:16,080 --> 03:14:17,200 FIELD AND WHO DOES RESEARCH IN 4045 03:14:17,200 --> 03:14:18,080 THIS AND GO TO THE SAME FOUR OR 4046 03:14:18,080 --> 03:14:20,840 FIVE PEOPLE. 4047 03:14:20,840 --> 03:14:23,280 OUR APPROACH HAS BEEN TO RAISE 4048 03:14:23,280 --> 03:14:24,560 COLLECTIVE AWARENESS ACROSS THE 4049 03:14:24,560 --> 03:14:25,960 CENTER. 4050 03:14:25,960 --> 03:14:27,800 TO SET THE EXPECTATIONS. 4051 03:14:27,800 --> 03:14:30,280 WE SHARE PANEL-LEVEL DATA WITH 4052 03:14:30,280 --> 03:14:32,440 MANAGEMENT AND OUR STAFF. 4053 03:14:32,440 --> 03:14:35,440 AND WE PROVIDE TOOLS TO FIND 4054 03:14:35,440 --> 03:14:37,040 LESSER-KNOWN REVIEWERS AND THE 4055 03:14:37,040 --> 03:14:38,520 MOST IMPORTANT THING HAS BEEN 4056 03:14:38,520 --> 03:14:42,520 TRAINING OF SROs AND ESPECIALLY 4057 03:14:42,520 --> 03:14:44,280 SROs SHARING BEST PRACTICES WITH 4058 03:14:44,280 --> 03:14:44,880 EACH OTHER. 4059 03:14:44,880 --> 03:14:48,560 THERE'S NICE STRATEGIES TO BR 4060 03:14:48,560 --> 03:14:51,280 BROADEN OUR REVIEW COMMITTEE 4061 03:14:51,280 --> 03:14:52,240 WITH EXPERTS. 4062 03:14:52,240 --> 03:14:53,920 SO WE'VE HAD SOME SUCCESS. 4063 03:14:53,920 --> 03:14:55,640 YOU CAN LOOK HERE THE BROWN LINE 4064 03:14:55,640 --> 03:14:58,760 AT THE BOTTOM IS CSR CONTACT 4065 03:14:58,760 --> 03:15:01,680 P.I.s AND P.I.s WHO SUBMITTED 4066 03:15:01,680 --> 03:15:03,920 APPLICATIONS TO CSR SINCE 4067 03:15:03,920 --> 03:15:05,800 OCTOBER 2019 BY ROUND. 4068 03:15:05,800 --> 03:15:09,000 YOU CAN SEE WOMEN HAVE BEEN SORT 4069 03:15:09,000 --> 03:15:12,120 OF FLAT AROUND 34% HAVEN'T 4070 03:15:12,120 --> 03:15:12,520 CHANGED THAT MUCH. 4071 03:15:12,520 --> 03:15:13,880 THE MEMBERS OF STUDY SECTION 4072 03:15:13,880 --> 03:15:16,160 HAVE ALWAYS BEEN ENRICHED BUT 4073 03:15:16,160 --> 03:15:19,560 ARE CONTINUING TO GET ENRICHED 4074 03:15:19,560 --> 03:15:21,320 MORE BECAUSE WE MADE A REAL 4075 03:15:21,320 --> 03:15:23,040 ATTEMPT IN OUR AD HOC 4076 03:15:23,040 --> 03:15:25,720 RECRUITMENT AND YOU CAN SEE THE 4077 03:15:25,720 --> 03:15:28,560 INCREASE IN REPRESENTATION OF 4078 03:15:28,560 --> 03:15:29,560 WOMEN IN OUR SPECIAL EMPHASIS 4079 03:15:29,560 --> 03:15:30,120 PANEL MOVING IN THE RIGHT 4080 03:15:30,120 --> 03:15:34,240 DIRECTION. 4081 03:15:34,240 --> 03:15:35,960 SIMILAR WITH UNDER REPRESENTED 4082 03:15:35,960 --> 03:15:36,240 MINORITIES. 4083 03:15:36,240 --> 03:15:37,520 THE DARK BLUE LINE REPRESENTS 4084 03:15:37,520 --> 03:15:41,000 THE BENCHMARKING AGAINST THE 4085 03:15:41,000 --> 03:15:44,000 P.I.s AND IT WAS ALWAYS ENRICHED 4086 03:15:44,000 --> 03:15:46,920 IN OUR MEMBERSHIP BUT CONTINUING 4087 03:15:46,920 --> 03:15:49,320 TO GO UP. 4088 03:15:49,320 --> 03:15:53,240 SINCE 2019 YOU CAN SEE IT WAS 4089 03:15:53,240 --> 03:15:56,280 BELOW THE BENCHMARKS SO PEOPLE 4090 03:15:56,280 --> 03:15:57,680 WERE NOT SERVING EVEN IF THEY 4091 03:15:57,680 --> 03:15:59,800 CAME IN AS APPLICANTS. 4092 03:15:59,800 --> 03:16:02,960 IT WAS LOWER THAN THE BENCHMARK. 4093 03:16:02,960 --> 03:16:04,960 UNTIL OUR INTERVENTIONS AND 4094 03:16:04,960 --> 03:16:07,080 WE'RE SEEING AN INCREASE AND I 4095 03:16:07,080 --> 03:16:11,280 THINK THESE INCREASES ARE 4096 03:16:11,280 --> 03:16:14,280 RELATED BECAUSE WE SEE THEY'LL 4097 03:16:14,280 --> 03:16:15,280 RECRUIT THEM TO BE MEMBERS AS 4098 03:16:15,280 --> 03:16:15,480 WELL. 4099 03:16:15,480 --> 03:16:18,880 YOU CAN FIND ALL THE DATA, ALL 4100 03:16:18,880 --> 03:16:20,520 OUR REPORTING AND ANALYSIS ON 4101 03:16:20,520 --> 03:16:24,240 OUR WEBSITE HERE TO ADDRESS BIAS 4102 03:16:24,240 --> 03:16:25,440 AND PEER REVIEW. 4103 03:16:25,440 --> 03:16:35,480 AN I'M HAPPY TO DISCUSS FURTHER. 4104 03:16:35,480 --> 03:16:36,120 >>THANK YOU, NONI. 4105 03:16:36,120 --> 03:16:42,960 THAT WAS GREAT. 4106 03:16:42,960 --> 03:16:44,240 I OPEN IT UP FOR COUNCIL 4107 03:16:44,240 --> 03:16:50,280 QUESTIONS ONLINE AND IN PERSON. 4108 03:16:50,280 --> 03:16:52,560 DAVE, YOU WANT TO SPEAK UP? 4109 03:16:52,560 --> 03:16:54,400 >>FIRST, I APPRECIATE THE 4110 03:16:54,400 --> 03:16:57,800 EFFORT YOU MADE TO GET EARLY 4111 03:16:57,800 --> 03:16:59,480 CAREER INVESTIGATORS TO STUDY 4112 03:16:59,480 --> 03:17:01,320 SECTIONS AND SEE HOW IT'S DONE. 4113 03:17:01,320 --> 03:17:03,120 I'M NOT SURE WHAT THE PROGRAM'S 4114 03:17:03,120 --> 03:17:04,560 CALLED BUT I HEAR GREAT THINGS 4115 03:17:04,560 --> 03:17:10,960 ABOUT IT. 4116 03:17:10,960 --> 03:17:12,520 MY QUESTION WAS THE AVERAGE AGE 4117 03:17:12,520 --> 03:17:13,560 OF REVIEWER OR LEVEL OF 4118 03:17:13,560 --> 03:17:13,880 EXPERIENCE. 4119 03:17:13,880 --> 03:17:17,000 AS YOU POINTED OUT ONE OF THE 4120 03:17:17,000 --> 03:17:18,680 THINGS THAT'S HAPPENED WE KEEP 4121 03:17:18,680 --> 03:17:23,240 GETTING THE SAME REVIEW OVER AND 4122 03:17:23,240 --> 03:17:23,920 OVER AGAIN. 4123 03:17:23,920 --> 03:17:25,560 I'M WONDERING IF THAT EXPERIENCE 4124 03:17:25,560 --> 03:17:27,000 LEVEL DEMOGRAPHIC IS CHANGING. 4125 03:17:27,000 --> 03:17:32,960 >>NO, THANK YOU. 4126 03:17:32,960 --> 03:17:33,880 WE'VE MADE CONSIDERABLE EFFORTS 4127 03:17:33,880 --> 03:17:36,040 TO BROADEN THE CAREER STAGE OF 4128 03:17:36,040 --> 03:17:36,800 OUR REVIEW POOL. 4129 03:17:36,800 --> 03:17:39,160 IN FACT THAT'S THE DATA I NEED 4130 03:17:39,160 --> 03:17:40,120 TO SHOW. 4131 03:17:40,120 --> 03:17:43,960 IT LOOKS BETTER THAN THE GENDER 4132 03:17:43,960 --> 03:17:46,840 DATA IN TERM OF ASSOCIATE AND 4133 03:17:46,840 --> 03:17:48,000 ASSISTANT PROFESSORS. 4134 03:17:48,000 --> 03:17:50,400 A BROAD RANGE OF PEOPLE ON OUR 4135 03:17:50,400 --> 03:17:51,160 PANEL. 4136 03:17:51,160 --> 03:17:52,640 I DON'T HAVE THE RANGE DATA FOR 4137 03:17:52,640 --> 03:17:52,880 VIEWERS. 4138 03:17:52,880 --> 03:17:56,720 I THINK WE DO THAT FOR 4139 03:17:56,720 --> 03:17:58,760 APPLICANTS. 4140 03:17:58,760 --> 03:18:02,880 WE HAVE BEEN LOOKING AT REVIEW 4141 03:18:02,880 --> 03:18:04,320 SERVICE AND ENSURING THERE'S 4142 03:18:04,320 --> 03:18:05,200 REASONABLE SERVICE AND GET A 4143 03:18:05,200 --> 03:18:06,480 BROAD RANGE OF PEOPLE COMING 4144 03:18:06,480 --> 03:18:06,880 INTO THE SYSTEM. 4145 03:18:06,880 --> 03:18:08,600 YEAH, THANK YOU. 4146 03:18:08,600 --> 03:18:10,000 AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR SERVICE. 4147 03:18:10,000 --> 03:18:12,560 IT'S NOT LIKE YOU WON'T GET 4148 03:18:12,560 --> 03:18:18,160 CALLED. 4149 03:18:18,160 --> 03:18:21,200 >>WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM NANCY 4150 03:18:21,200 --> 03:18:25,640 BARNETT A COUNCIL MEMBER. 4151 03:18:25,640 --> 03:18:26,320 >>THANK YOU. 4152 03:18:26,320 --> 03:18:29,920 I THINK THE FEEDBACK HAS BEEN 4153 03:18:29,920 --> 03:18:32,640 POSITIVE FROM THE CONVERSATIONS 4154 03:18:32,640 --> 03:18:33,840 WITH PEOPLE AND THINK IT WILL 4155 03:18:33,840 --> 03:18:36,480 REDUCE BIAS AS YOU SAID. 4156 03:18:36,480 --> 03:18:44,560 ONE OF THE SLIDES YOU SHOWED 4157 03:18:44,560 --> 03:18:48,680 LAST SHOWED THE SERVICE OF UNDER 4158 03:18:48,680 --> 03:18:49,600 REPRESENTED MINORITIES IN WOMEN 4159 03:18:49,600 --> 03:18:51,440 HIGHER THAN THE FUNDED AND IS 4160 03:18:51,440 --> 03:18:56,920 THAT CORRECT AND THE FUNDING WAS 4161 03:18:56,920 --> 03:19:03,360 FLAT -- 4162 03:19:03,360 --> 03:19:05,240 >>NO, THAT WAS THE PERCENTAGE 4163 03:19:05,240 --> 03:19:07,360 OF APPLICANT ARE WOMEN NOT 4164 03:19:07,360 --> 03:19:07,600 FUNDING. 4165 03:19:07,600 --> 03:19:12,560 IT'S PERCENTAGE OF APPLICANT ARE 4166 03:19:12,560 --> 03:19:15,800 WOMEN. 4167 03:19:15,800 --> 03:19:24,560 IT'S NOT FUNDED APPLICANTS. 4168 03:19:24,560 --> 03:19:35,040 BUT THE PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN 4169 03:19:35,440 --> 03:19:42,240 REVIEWERS IS IN OUR STUDY 4170 03:19:42,240 --> 03:19:44,560 SECTION IS HIGHER THAN WOMEN IN 4171 03:19:44,560 --> 03:19:45,160 THE APPLICANT FOOL. 4172 03:19:45,160 --> 03:19:45,720 -- POOL. 4173 03:19:45,720 --> 03:19:48,920 >>I THINK IT'S A PROBLEM. 4174 03:19:48,920 --> 03:19:50,720 IT'S NOT A PROB OF THE REVIEW 4175 03:19:50,720 --> 03:19:54,160 GROUP BUT THE APPLICANT POOL, 4176 03:19:54,160 --> 03:19:54,360 RIGHT. 4177 03:19:54,360 --> 03:19:56,080 IT MEANS WOMEN AND UNDER 4178 03:19:56,080 --> 03:19:57,280 REPRESENTED MINORITIES ARE 4179 03:19:57,280 --> 03:20:03,000 SERVING MORE THAN THEY'RE 4180 03:20:03,000 --> 03:20:13,120 ACTUALLY BENEFITING FROM WE SEE 4181 03:20:13,120 --> 03:20:15,080 THIS WHERE WOMEN AND UNDER 4182 03:20:15,080 --> 03:20:19,840 REPRESENTED MINORITIES ARE OVER 4183 03:20:19,840 --> 03:20:22,240 SOLICITED COMPARED TO WHITE MEN. 4184 03:20:22,240 --> 03:20:24,000 I KNOW IT'S NOT AN ISSUE WITH 4185 03:20:24,000 --> 03:20:29,400 THE REVIEW BUT APPLICATIONS. 4186 03:20:29,400 --> 03:20:31,960 >>I WOULD SAY WE NEED TO WAIT 4187 03:20:31,960 --> 03:20:33,160 AND BE MORE PATIENT. 4188 03:20:33,160 --> 03:20:34,800 IT REMINDS ME OF A JOURNAL WHERE 4189 03:20:34,800 --> 03:20:39,560 THEY SAID THEY WERE TAGGING THE 4190 03:20:39,560 --> 03:20:42,040 EDITORIAL BOARD TO THE CURRENT 4191 03:20:42,040 --> 03:20:43,720 POPULATION AND A RAISE THE ISSUE 4192 03:20:43,720 --> 03:20:45,640 WHY ARE YOU TAGGING THE CURRENT 4193 03:20:45,640 --> 03:20:47,800 POPULATION MECHANICS JUST MAKE 4194 03:20:47,800 --> 03:20:51,280 IT 50/50 ON YOUR EDITORIAL BOARD 4195 03:20:51,280 --> 03:20:59,800 AND THEY WILL COME. 4196 03:20:59,800 --> 03:21:01,760 IF YOU BUILD IT THEY WILL COME. 4197 03:21:01,760 --> 03:21:04,560 >>I COULDN'T HELP BUT POINT IT 4198 03:21:04,560 --> 03:21:06,240 OUT AND I DON'T THINK THE 4199 03:21:06,240 --> 03:21:08,080 SOLUTION IS NOT TO LOWER 4200 03:21:08,080 --> 03:21:10,440 PROPORTIONS OF UNDER REPRESENTED 4201 03:21:10,440 --> 03:21:11,160 MINORITIES AND WOMEN IN THE 4202 03:21:11,160 --> 03:21:12,720 SERVICE ROLES BUT I WANTED TO 4203 03:21:12,720 --> 03:21:13,480 POINT THAT OUT. 4204 03:21:13,480 --> 03:21:22,200 >>IT IS A BURDEN NO DOUBT. 4205 03:21:22,200 --> 03:21:26,680 AND I CAN SAY ANECDOTALLY FROM 4206 03:21:26,680 --> 03:21:28,320 THE EARLY CAREER FACULTY I'VE 4207 03:21:28,320 --> 03:21:31,120 WORKED WITH AND ENCOURAGED TO 4208 03:21:31,120 --> 03:21:35,120 APPLY TO THE NEW REVIEWER 4209 03:21:35,120 --> 03:21:39,000 PROGRAM THE TRAINING THEY 4210 03:21:39,000 --> 03:21:44,560 RECEIVED HERE'S HOW TO DO A 4211 03:21:44,560 --> 03:21:46,360 REVIEW TRAINING I SUSPECT IS 4212 03:21:46,360 --> 03:21:48,560 DIFFERENT FROM FOLKS WHO DON'T 4213 03:21:48,560 --> 03:21:58,840 DO THE PROGRAM. 4214 03:22:00,360 --> 03:22:02,400 >>THROUGH OUR PROGRAM WE 4215 03:22:02,400 --> 03:22:04,600 INCREASED IT TO TWO EARLY CAREER 4216 03:22:04,600 --> 03:22:05,720 REVIEWERS FOR EVERY STUDY 4217 03:22:05,720 --> 03:22:10,760 SECTION COMPARED TO THE ONE IT 4218 03:22:10,760 --> 03:22:13,320 USED TO BE. 4219 03:22:13,320 --> 03:22:14,240 I AGREE. 4220 03:22:14,240 --> 03:22:15,760 LET ME CIRCLE BACK A LITTLE BIT. 4221 03:22:15,760 --> 03:22:18,440 I THINK WHAT WITH YOU WERE TALK 4222 03:22:18,440 --> 03:22:20,640 IS THE FEMALE TAX AND MINORITY 4223 03:22:20,640 --> 03:22:20,840 TAX. 4224 03:22:20,840 --> 03:22:26,240 THAT'S WHERE YOU WERE GOING WITH 4225 03:22:26,240 --> 03:22:32,160 IT BUT IF WE KEEP GOING TO THE 4226 03:22:32,160 --> 03:22:34,720 APPLICANT POOL OR EVEN WORSE 4227 03:22:34,720 --> 03:22:37,720 FUNDED POOL TO PULL OUR 4228 03:22:37,720 --> 03:22:40,960 REVIEWERS FROM WE'LL NEVER MAKE 4229 03:22:40,960 --> 03:22:46,640 A CHANGE AND THAT'S WHERE IT'S 4230 03:22:46,640 --> 03:22:49,440 HAPPENING. 4231 03:22:49,440 --> 03:22:50,560 THERE ARE MINORITIES WHO HAVEN'T 4232 03:22:50,560 --> 03:22:52,280 BEEN ASKED TO SERVE BEFORE. 4233 03:22:52,280 --> 03:22:56,560 I THINK THAT'S OUR GOAL TO GET 4234 03:22:56,560 --> 03:22:58,480 MORE APPLICANTS IN THE POOL. 4235 03:22:58,480 --> 03:23:02,160 THAT'S AN NIH-WIDE IRISH THAT 4236 03:23:02,160 --> 03:23:03,760 NIH IS VERY MUCH AWARE OF. 4237 03:23:03,760 --> 03:23:08,200 >>I WOULD AGREE AND IN FACT 4238 03:23:08,200 --> 03:23:10,200 WHEN MY MENTEES COME TO ME AND 4239 03:23:10,200 --> 03:23:13,600 SAY WELL, I'VE BEEN ASKED IF I 4240 03:23:13,600 --> 03:23:17,560 SHOULD DO XYZ THE ONLY THING I 4241 03:23:17,560 --> 03:23:19,280 SAY NO MATTER WHAT YES TO IS 4242 03:23:19,280 --> 03:23:21,160 SERVE ON A REVIEW GROUP. 4243 03:23:21,160 --> 03:23:22,680 IF YOU GET ASKED YOU DO IT 4244 03:23:22,680 --> 03:23:24,560 BECAUSE OF WHAT YOU'RE SAYING. 4245 03:23:24,560 --> 03:23:27,960 THEY BENEFIT FROM IT 4246 03:23:27,960 --> 03:23:29,720 IMMEASURABLY IN UNDERSTANDING 4247 03:23:29,720 --> 03:23:31,720 THE PROCESS AND BECOME BETTER 4248 03:23:31,720 --> 03:23:36,680 GRANT WRITERS SO THANK YOU. 4249 03:23:36,680 --> 03:23:37,880 >>THANK YOU, NANCY. 4250 03:23:37,880 --> 03:23:45,720 THAT WAS AN IMPORTANT POINT. 4251 03:23:45,720 --> 03:23:49,320 >>I'M LAURA O'DELL FROM THE 4252 03:23:49,320 --> 03:23:50,640 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS IN EL PASO. 4253 03:23:50,640 --> 03:23:52,680 I FIRST WANT TO SAY THANK YOU 4254 03:23:52,680 --> 03:23:54,520 BECAUSE I REALLY AM IMPRESSED 4255 03:23:54,520 --> 03:23:56,560 WITH THE BREADTH OF 4256 03:23:56,560 --> 03:23:58,920 REPRESENTATION THAT YOU'RE 4257 03:23:58,920 --> 03:24:04,560 PAYING ATTENTION TO INCLUDING 4258 03:24:04,560 --> 03:24:07,000 INSTITUTIONAL SMALL 4259 03:24:07,000 --> 03:24:07,640 INSTITUTIONS. 4260 03:24:07,640 --> 03:24:09,680 THANK YOU, I HEAR A LOT OF 4261 03:24:09,680 --> 03:24:11,640 REPRESENTATION THERE. 4262 03:24:11,640 --> 03:24:13,960 MY SIMPLE QUESTION IS YOUR 4263 03:24:13,960 --> 03:24:15,000 PRESENTATION PUBLICLY AVAILABLE? 4264 03:24:15,000 --> 03:24:16,080 IT WOULD BE WONDERFUL TO BEGIN 4265 03:24:16,080 --> 03:24:18,560 TO SHARE THE THINKING ON THIS 4266 03:24:18,560 --> 03:24:20,840 PARTICULARLY AT HSI AND OTHER 4267 03:24:20,840 --> 03:24:22,480 SMALLER INSTITUTIONS THAT MAY 4268 03:24:22,480 --> 03:24:23,960 NOT HAVE ACCESS TO IT. 4269 03:24:23,960 --> 03:24:25,720 THAT'S ONE SIMPLE QUESTION. 4270 03:24:25,720 --> 03:24:27,560 AND PERHAPS THE OTHER QUESTION I 4271 03:24:27,560 --> 03:24:29,400 HAVE IS I WAS WONDERING AS YOU 4272 03:24:29,400 --> 03:24:31,720 WERE PRESENTING ON THE CHAIR 4273 03:24:31,720 --> 03:24:33,040 TRAINING, WHAT'S THE TRAINING 4274 03:24:33,040 --> 03:24:35,720 AND WHAT'S YOUR THOUGHTS ON THE 4275 03:24:35,720 --> 03:24:39,400 EMPOWERMENT OF SROs TO SORT OF 4276 03:24:39,400 --> 03:24:44,400 DICTATE THE TONE AND TO HAVE I 4277 03:24:44,400 --> 03:24:45,720 DON'T KNOW WHAT OTHER WORD TO 4278 03:24:45,720 --> 03:24:47,440 USE BUT EMPOWER THEM BECAUSE THE 4279 03:24:47,440 --> 03:24:48,920 CHAIR IS ULTIMATELY A COLLEAGUE 4280 03:24:48,920 --> 03:24:50,680 IN THE ROOM AND I'VE ALWAYS SEEN 4281 03:24:50,680 --> 03:24:53,880 THAT OPPORTUNITY FOR THE SRO TO 4282 03:24:53,880 --> 03:24:56,880 SET A TONE TO ELEVATE ALL VOICES 4283 03:24:56,880 --> 03:24:58,560 AND ENSURE FAIRNESS. 4284 03:24:58,560 --> 03:24:59,960 I WOULD LOVE YOUR THOUGHTS ON 4285 03:24:59,960 --> 03:25:01,880 THAT, AGAIN, THANK YOU. 4286 03:25:01,880 --> 03:25:03,400 >>THANK YOU. 4287 03:25:03,400 --> 03:25:04,800 FIRST, LET ME ANSWER THE FIRST 4288 03:25:04,800 --> 03:25:08,160 ONE, YES, EVERYTHING IS PUBLICLY 4289 03:25:08,160 --> 03:25:10,040 AVAILABLE AND IN FACT AS THIS 4290 03:25:10,040 --> 03:25:14,120 YEAR WE'RE PLANNING TO REALLY 4291 03:25:14,120 --> 03:25:17,360 INCREASE THE REVIEW CRITERIA AND 4292 03:25:17,360 --> 03:25:20,560 SO FEEL FREE TO CONTACT CSR AND 4293 03:25:20,560 --> 03:25:23,720 ME AND WE'LL PUT YOU IN TOUCH 4294 03:25:23,720 --> 03:25:25,440 WITH PEOPLE IF THERE'S GROUPS OF 4295 03:25:25,440 --> 03:25:26,400 INSTITUTIONS WE'LL COME OUT AND 4296 03:25:26,400 --> 03:25:28,760 I'LL COME OUT AND HAPPY TO 4297 03:25:28,760 --> 03:25:28,960 SHARE. 4298 03:25:28,960 --> 03:25:32,800 THE OTHER POINT IS REALLY WELL 4299 03:25:32,800 --> 03:25:35,280 TAKEN AND I DIDN'T SPEND TIME ON 4300 03:25:35,280 --> 03:25:37,160 OUR WE ESTABLISHED THE OFFICE OF 4301 03:25:37,160 --> 03:25:39,680 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN CSR 4302 03:25:39,680 --> 03:25:40,920 LAST YEAR AND THE FOCUS OF THAT 4303 03:25:40,920 --> 03:25:44,000 IN ADDITION TO REVIEWER TRAINING 4304 03:25:44,000 --> 03:25:46,920 IS SRO TRAINING AND WORKSHOPING 4305 03:25:46,920 --> 03:25:52,520 AND THE MAIN GOAL IS TO ONE 4306 03:25:52,520 --> 03:25:54,480 EMPOWER SROs AND MAKE SURE 4307 03:25:54,480 --> 03:25:56,560 THEY'RE OWNERS OF THE MEETING 4308 03:25:56,560 --> 03:25:57,920 AND KNOW THAT AND WE'RE VERY 4309 03:25:57,920 --> 03:25:59,120 MUCH PUSHING THAT INCLUDING 4310 03:25:59,120 --> 03:26:01,360 HOLDING MOCK STUDY SECTIONS AND 4311 03:26:01,360 --> 03:26:04,400 TEACHING SROs HOW TO JUMP IN AND 4312 03:26:04,400 --> 03:26:06,160 INTERVENE BECAUSE IT'S THEIR 4313 03:26:06,160 --> 03:26:07,760 RESPONSIBILITY. 4314 03:26:07,760 --> 03:26:09,360 FAIRNESS OF THE PROCESS IS NOT 4315 03:26:09,360 --> 03:26:10,200 SOMEONE ELSE'S RESPONSIBILITY 4316 03:26:10,200 --> 03:26:11,760 AND I THINK WE'RE GETTING THERE. 4317 03:26:11,760 --> 03:26:13,560 VERY MUCH FOCUSSED ON EXACTLY 4318 03:26:13,560 --> 03:26:13,880 WHAT YOU SAID. 4319 03:26:13,880 --> 03:26:14,200 >>WONDERFUL. 4320 03:26:14,200 --> 03:26:24,400 THANK YOU. 4321 03:26:33,520 --> 03:26:34,920 >>GREAT PRESENTATION AND I WANT 4322 03:26:34,920 --> 03:26:39,320 TO BRING IN A SOURCE OF BIAS 4323 03:26:39,320 --> 03:26:40,560 THAT MAYBE WASN'T CONSIDERED AND 4324 03:26:40,560 --> 03:26:48,080 COULD BE EN MAHANCED ON THE REV 4325 03:26:48,080 --> 03:26:49,360 FORMS AND THERE'S COMMENTARY ON 4326 03:26:49,360 --> 03:26:52,120 WELL, THIS RESEARCH ISN'T GOING 4327 03:26:52,120 --> 03:26:54,080 TO IMPROVE THE DIAGNOSIS OR 4328 03:26:54,080 --> 03:26:56,560 IMPROVE THE ATTEMPT BUT IT'S 4329 03:26:56,560 --> 03:26:59,760 BEEN MY UNDERSTANDING NIH 4330 03:26:59,760 --> 03:27:02,720 REMAINS INTERESTED IN BASIC 4331 03:27:02,720 --> 03:27:04,160 MECHANISMS AND BASIC INFORMATION 4332 03:27:04,160 --> 03:27:07,040 EVEN WHEN THERE'S NOT AN 4333 03:27:07,040 --> 03:27:07,720 IMMEDIATE APPLICATION FOR THAT 4334 03:27:07,720 --> 03:27:11,080 AND IN THE CLINICAL SENSE AND WE 4335 03:27:11,080 --> 03:27:13,320 HAVE SEEN THAT QUITE A LOT. 4336 03:27:13,320 --> 03:27:15,560 SOMETIMES SROs COVER IT AND 4337 03:27:15,560 --> 03:27:17,280 SOMETIMES THEY DON'T AND IT 4338 03:27:17,280 --> 03:27:18,320 SEEMS TO ME THAT'S SOMETHING 4339 03:27:18,320 --> 03:27:20,560 THAT OUGHT TO BE ADDRESSED AT 4340 03:27:20,560 --> 03:27:25,360 SOME LEVEL. 4341 03:27:25,360 --> 03:27:25,760 >>THANK YOU. 4342 03:27:25,760 --> 03:27:28,760 I AGREE WITH THAT. 4343 03:27:28,760 --> 03:27:30,040 WE HAVE BEEN VERY CLEAR ABOUT 4344 03:27:30,040 --> 03:27:32,160 THAT AND IT DEPENDS ON THE STUDY 4345 03:27:32,160 --> 03:27:36,080 SECTION AND IT DEPENDS ON THE 4346 03:27:36,080 --> 03:27:37,640 PROJECT ITSELF. 4347 03:27:37,640 --> 03:27:40,520 SO IF THIS WAS -- IF THE 4348 03:27:40,520 --> 03:27:41,840 PROPOSAL WAS A BASIC OR 4349 03:27:41,840 --> 03:27:44,240 MECHANISTIC PROPOSAL I THINK 4350 03:27:44,240 --> 03:27:47,760 IT'S AN UNFAIR COMMENT TO MAKE 4351 03:27:47,760 --> 03:27:48,680 IT DOESN'T GET DIAGNOSIS. 4352 03:27:48,680 --> 03:27:53,000 IF THE PROPOSAL IS PROPOSING A 4353 03:27:53,000 --> 03:27:55,640 CURE OR ADDRESSING IT'S A CYCLE 4354 03:27:55,640 --> 03:27:56,880 BECAUSE PEOPLE THINK NIH WANTS 4355 03:27:56,880 --> 03:27:58,640 THIS AND SO THEY PUT THIS IN 4356 03:27:58,640 --> 03:27:59,440 THEIR REPLICATION. 4357 03:27:59,440 --> 03:28:03,080 THIS IS GOING TO CURE SOMETHING. 4358 03:28:03,080 --> 03:28:07,440 WHEREAS REALLY IT'S A BASIC OR 4359 03:28:07,440 --> 03:28:07,920 MECHANISTIC APPLICATION. 4360 03:28:07,920 --> 03:28:09,600 IT'S A MATTER OF BREAKING THE 4361 03:28:09,600 --> 03:28:11,360 CYCLE AND THAT HAS TO HAPPEN IN 4362 03:28:11,360 --> 03:28:13,120 REVIEW AND ALSO HAS TO HAPPEN 4363 03:28:13,120 --> 03:28:14,320 OUT THERE. 4364 03:28:14,320 --> 03:28:16,960 I THINK YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF 4365 03:28:16,960 --> 03:28:20,560 NIH'S MISSION IS EXACTLY RIGHT. 4366 03:28:20,560 --> 03:28:23,200 ADVISE PEOPLE IF THEY'RE DOING A 4367 03:28:23,200 --> 03:28:28,560 BASIC STUDY, PACKAGE IT LIKE A 4368 03:28:28,560 --> 03:28:30,200 BASIC STUDY. 4369 03:28:30,200 --> 03:28:32,040 IT'S WHEN THERE'S CLAIMS BEYOND 4370 03:28:32,040 --> 03:28:36,160 WHAT THE STUDY IS AND IT'S NOT 4371 03:28:36,160 --> 03:28:39,440 SOMETHING NEW WE HEARD BEFORE 4372 03:28:39,440 --> 03:28:41,760 AND WE COVER IT IN TRAINING. 4373 03:28:41,760 --> 03:28:44,600 AND I WOULD SAY IF YOU SEE AN 4374 03:28:44,600 --> 03:28:46,640 INSTANCE OF THAT, I'D REPORT IT 4375 03:28:46,640 --> 03:28:50,400 TO THAT BIAS BOX WE HAVE. 4376 03:28:50,400 --> 03:28:51,880 THAT'S PERFECTLY OKAY TO SEND 4377 03:28:51,880 --> 03:28:52,080 IN. 4378 03:28:52,080 --> 03:28:53,040 SPECIFIC CASES HELP US MAKE THE 4379 03:28:53,040 --> 03:28:56,560 POINTS BETTER. 4380 03:28:56,560 --> 03:28:59,000 >>AGAIN, THANK YOU, NONI. 4381 03:28:59,000 --> 03:29:04,680 THAT WAS REALLY CLEAR. 4382 03:29:04,680 --> 03:29:07,200 I THINK I SERVED 15 YEARS ON 4383 03:29:07,200 --> 03:29:08,480 STUDY SECTION BEFORE COMING TO 4384 03:29:08,480 --> 03:29:09,320 NIH. 4385 03:29:09,320 --> 03:29:10,560 I THINK YOU KNOW THAT. 4386 03:29:10,560 --> 03:29:14,720 I TOTALLY AGREE WITH ALL THE 4387 03:29:14,720 --> 03:29:15,920 CHANGES FROM PUTTING MY OLD HAT 4388 03:29:15,920 --> 03:29:18,320 BACK ON OF BEING IN THE REAL 4389 03:29:18,320 --> 03:29:20,840 WORLD AND I THINK IT'S GOING TO 4390 03:29:20,840 --> 03:29:23,600 IMPROVE AND CONTINUE TO IMPROVE 4391 03:29:23,600 --> 03:29:27,240 THE DIVERSITY OF THINKING AND 4392 03:29:27,240 --> 03:29:29,160 DIVERSITY OF INDIVIDUALS AND 4393 03:29:29,160 --> 03:29:29,800 GOING TO ENRICH NIH ACROSS THE 4394 03:29:29,800 --> 03:29:36,680 BOARD. 4395 03:29:36,680 --> 03:29:37,840 I THINK EVERYBODY IS GOING TO 4396 03:29:37,840 --> 03:29:39,600 BENEFIT FROM THIS. 4397 03:29:39,600 --> 03:29:43,000 IF WE CAN HELP AT OUR INSTITUTE 4398 03:29:43,000 --> 03:29:45,760 KEEP US IN MIND AND DO YOU HAVE 4399 03:29:45,760 --> 03:29:49,920 ANY COMMENTS, PHILIPPE IN YOUR 4400 03:29:49,920 --> 03:29:52,720 SHORT TERM AS ACTING DIRECTOR? 4401 03:29:52,720 --> 03:29:54,760 >>THANK YOU. 4402 03:29:54,760 --> 03:29:56,760 I APPRECIATE THE PRESENTATION. 4403 03:29:56,760 --> 03:30:00,280 I WANT TO ALSO THANK CSR FOR 4404 03:30:00,280 --> 03:30:01,560 SENDING US REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK 4405 03:30:01,560 --> 03:30:04,040 FOR STUDY SECTIONS IN WHICH NIAA 4406 03:30:04,040 --> 03:30:06,040 GRANTS ARE BE REVIEWED. 4407 03:30:06,040 --> 03:30:12,400 I THINK WE'RE LOOKING AT IT AND 4408 03:30:12,400 --> 03:30:15,400 THERE'S A LINK AS WELL TO GIVE 4409 03:30:15,400 --> 03:30:20,280 THE OPPORTUNITY FOR THE 4410 03:30:20,280 --> 03:30:24,120 INSTITUTE TO SUGGEST FOR THE 4411 03:30:24,120 --> 03:30:27,640 STUDY SECTIONS SO IT'S VERY 4412 03:30:27,640 --> 03:30:28,120 HELPFUL. 4413 03:30:28,120 --> 03:30:28,680 >>THANKS A LOT. 4414 03:30:28,680 --> 03:30:30,040 I REALLY APPRECIATE YOU TAKING 4415 03:30:30,040 --> 03:30:31,360 THE TIME. 4416 03:30:31,360 --> 03:30:31,920 >>BYE-BYE. 4417 03:30:31,920 --> 03:30:34,000 >>I THINK WE'RE CLOSE TO ON 4418 03:30:34,000 --> 03:30:40,320 SCHEDULE. 4419 03:30:40,320 --> 03:30:45,280 SO WHAT DO WE DO NEXT? 4420 03:30:45,280 --> 03:30:48,080 >>DISCUSSION AND UPDATES IF 4421 03:30:48,080 --> 03:30:49,080 DR. MILLIKEN WANTS TO SAY 4422 03:30:49,080 --> 03:30:51,280 ANYTHING AND PUBLIC COMMENTS. 4423 03:30:51,280 --> 03:30:56,240 >>CHUCK MILLIKEN WOULD YOU LIKE 4424 03:30:56,240 --> 03:30:57,320 TO SAY ANY MORE? 4425 03:30:57,320 --> 03:31:00,200 >>THANK YOU. 4426 03:31:00,200 --> 03:31:01,600 I'LL BE BRIEF. 4427 03:31:01,600 --> 03:31:03,720 THESE ARE MY VIEWS AND NOT THE 4428 03:31:03,720 --> 03:31:07,760 OFFICIAL VIEW OF THE ARMY OR DOD 4429 03:31:07,760 --> 03:31:12,040 BUT WE DID PUT OUT A DOD V.A. 4430 03:31:12,040 --> 03:31:13,600 CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE 4431 03:31:13,600 --> 03:31:15,640 THAT'S PRETTY COMPREHENSIVE AND 4432 03:31:15,640 --> 03:31:22,000 AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC, EASILY 4433 03:31:22,000 --> 03:31:26,160 FINDABLE BY GOOGLING DOD 4434 03:31:26,160 --> 03:31:28,280 GUIDELINE ON SUBSTANCE USE AND 4435 03:31:28,280 --> 03:31:31,040 HAVE AN ARTICLE PUBLISHED IN 4436 03:31:31,040 --> 03:31:33,160 JAMA AND PART OF WHY I MENTION 4437 03:31:33,160 --> 03:31:34,800 IT IS -- IN 2022. 4438 03:31:34,800 --> 03:31:40,320 PART OF WHY I MENTION IT THE 4439 03:31:40,320 --> 03:31:43,200 PRACTICE GUIDELINE IS TIGHTLY 4440 03:31:43,200 --> 03:31:45,360 MANAGED BY A GROUP THAT'S 4441 03:31:45,360 --> 03:31:47,720 OVERSEEN BY YET ANOTHER GROUP 4442 03:31:47,720 --> 03:31:50,360 AND THEY'RE VERY PROUD OF HOW 4443 03:31:50,360 --> 03:31:52,040 AUTHORITATIVE THE PROCESS IS BUT 4444 03:31:52,040 --> 03:31:53,840 ONLY NEWER RESEARCH LIKE WITHIN 4445 03:31:53,840 --> 03:31:58,680 THE LAST FIVE YEARS WOULD BE 4446 03:31:58,680 --> 03:32:03,200 CONSIDERED AND OLDER 4447 03:32:03,200 --> 03:32:04,920 RECOMMENDATIONS THAT DIDN'T HAVE 4448 03:32:04,920 --> 03:32:10,560 NEW RESEARCH OR WORSE YET IF THE 4449 03:32:10,560 --> 03:32:14,440 OLDER RESEARCH THAT SUPPORTED AN 4450 03:32:14,440 --> 03:32:16,160 ESTABLISHED RECOMMENDATION 4451 03:32:16,160 --> 03:32:17,680 DIDN'T MEET THE BAR THAT HAD 4452 03:32:17,680 --> 03:32:20,920 BEEN RAISED ON THE QUALITY OF 4453 03:32:20,920 --> 03:32:23,080 RESEARCH THAT IT COULDN'T BE 4454 03:32:23,080 --> 03:32:24,880 MADE WITH A RECOMMENDATION OR 4455 03:32:24,880 --> 03:32:27,040 THE RECOMMENDATION HAD TO BE 4456 03:32:27,040 --> 03:32:27,680 DOWNGRADED AND FOR INSTANCE WE 4457 03:32:27,680 --> 03:32:30,680 HAD A MEMBER OF THE GROUP ALMOST 4458 03:32:30,680 --> 03:32:34,000 RESIGN FROM THE WHOLE PROCESS 4459 03:32:34,000 --> 03:32:37,080 LATE IN THE DAY WHEN OR LATE IN 4460 03:32:37,080 --> 03:32:39,560 THE WHOLE YEAR LONG PROCESS 4461 03:32:39,560 --> 03:32:43,760 BECAUSE BENZODIAZEPINE TO TREAT 4462 03:32:43,760 --> 03:32:46,200 ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL DIDN'T HAVE 4463 03:32:46,200 --> 03:32:50,480 ADEQUATE RECENT RESEARCH OR THE 4464 03:32:50,480 --> 03:32:51,360 RESEARCH DONE DIDN'T MEET 4465 03:32:51,360 --> 03:32:54,120 TODAY'S QUALITY STANDARDS. 4466 03:32:54,120 --> 03:32:57,480 SO IT'S JUST AN INTERESTING 4467 03:32:57,480 --> 03:32:59,960 OBSERVATION THAT MAY BE RELEVANT 4468 03:32:59,960 --> 03:33:02,280 TO HAVE AS BACKGROUND. 4469 03:33:02,280 --> 03:33:04,480 AND MY ONLY OTHER COMMENT IS 4470 03:33:04,480 --> 03:33:08,040 AGAIN WE'RE IN THE MIDST OF THIS 4471 03:33:08,040 --> 03:33:11,000 PROCESS OF DOD ARMY, NAVY AND 4472 03:33:11,000 --> 03:33:14,640 AIR FORCE BEING CONSOLIDATED 4473 03:33:14,640 --> 03:33:17,600 INTO A HEALTH CARE AGENCY WITHIN 4474 03:33:17,600 --> 03:33:18,360 DOD. 4475 03:33:18,360 --> 03:33:21,160 AGAIN, MY VIEW IT'S PROVING TO 4476 03:33:21,160 --> 03:33:24,920 BE PRETTY BUREAUCRATIC AND THE 4477 03:33:24,920 --> 03:33:26,360 FUNDING ALSO SEEMS TO BE TIGHT 4478 03:33:26,360 --> 03:33:30,520 AND THE PROCESS SEEMS TO BE ONE 4479 03:33:30,520 --> 03:33:34,880 OF MOVING A LOT OF SERVICES THAT 4480 03:33:34,880 --> 03:33:37,160 HERETOFORE BEEN PROVIDED IN OUR 4481 03:33:37,160 --> 03:33:39,280 DIRECTOR-CARE HOSPITALS OR 4482 03:33:39,280 --> 03:33:40,880 CLINICS ON MILITARY BASES 4483 03:33:40,880 --> 03:33:42,640 INSTEAD BEING THROWN OUT THE 4484 03:33:42,640 --> 03:33:46,440 DOOR INTO THE CIVILIAN COMMUNITY 4485 03:33:46,440 --> 03:33:47,800 SOMETIMES IN COMMUNITIES NOT 4486 03:33:47,800 --> 03:33:51,440 PARTICULARLY WELL RESOURCED 4487 03:33:51,440 --> 03:33:55,440 THEMSELVES AND SO WE STILL HAVE 4488 03:33:55,440 --> 03:33:59,400 NOT BEEN DIRECTLY IMPACTED BY IT 4489 03:33:59,400 --> 03:34:01,400 TOO MUCH IN OUR SUBSTANCE USE 4490 03:34:01,400 --> 03:34:04,520 COMMUNITY AND HOPE THE 4491 03:34:04,520 --> 03:34:06,120 RECOGNITION WILL BE THIS IS SUCH 4492 03:34:06,120 --> 03:34:11,360 A YOUNG PERSON DISEASE VERY MUCH 4493 03:34:11,360 --> 03:34:20,520 IMPACTING THE YOUNG PEOPLE THAT 4494 03:34:20,520 --> 03:34:21,760 JOIN SERVICE AND HAVE GOOD 4495 03:34:21,760 --> 03:34:23,040 RESEARCH SHOWING THE STRESS OF 4496 03:34:23,040 --> 03:34:28,360 WAR AND BEING DEPLOYED IS A RISK 4497 03:34:28,360 --> 03:34:31,600 FACTOR FOR ALCOHOL USE TO RETAIN 4498 03:34:31,600 --> 03:34:33,800 SERVICES INSIDE THE SYSTEM 4499 03:34:33,800 --> 03:34:34,600 RATHER THAN OUTSIDE THE GATE. 4500 03:34:34,600 --> 03:34:35,840 I MENTION THAT FROM TIME TO TIME 4501 03:34:35,840 --> 03:34:39,880 IN CASE WE NEED TO ASK FOR 4502 03:34:39,880 --> 03:34:41,600 SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTISE FROM 4503 03:34:41,600 --> 03:34:44,560 THE COUNCIL OR THE NIAA HERE. 4504 03:34:44,560 --> 03:34:51,440 THANK YOU AGAIN FOR YOUR TIME. 4505 03:34:51,440 --> 03:34:52,480 >>THANK YOU. 4506 03:34:52,480 --> 03:34:54,520 I DON'T KNOW IT'S TERRIBLY 4507 03:34:54,520 --> 03:34:56,560 RELEVANT BUT I WANTED TO MENTION 4508 03:34:56,560 --> 03:35:01,040 TO COUNCIL I WENT TO THIS RX SUM 4509 03:35:01,040 --> 03:35:04,120 IT I'LL TALK ABOUT IT BRIEFLY 4510 03:35:04,120 --> 03:35:07,760 TOMORROW ON THE HEAL INITIATIVE. 4511 03:35:07,760 --> 03:35:12,920 AND JOINED LARRY TABAK AND NORA 4512 03:35:12,920 --> 03:35:14,120 VOLKOW IN A PANEL DISCUSSION AND 4513 03:35:14,120 --> 03:35:18,080 TALKED ABOUT THE ISSUES IN THE 4514 03:35:18,080 --> 03:35:19,240 CONCEPT CLEARANCE MARK TALKED 4515 03:35:19,240 --> 03:35:21,040 ABOUT IN THE ALCOHOL-OPIOID 4516 03:35:21,040 --> 03:35:21,360 INTERACTIONS. 4517 03:35:21,360 --> 03:35:25,000 AT A DINNER THE NIGHT BEFORE WE 4518 03:35:25,000 --> 03:35:30,560 WERE TALKING ABOUT THE NUMBER OF 4519 03:35:30,560 --> 03:35:33,560 CONGRESSMEN A LADY CAME UP AND 4520 03:35:33,560 --> 03:35:35,480 CLAIMED -- AND I NEED TO GET HER 4521 03:35:35,480 --> 03:35:40,560 NAME AND MAKE A CONTACT, BUT 4522 03:35:40,560 --> 03:35:41,800 APPARENTLY SHE SAYS THERE'S A 4523 03:35:41,800 --> 03:35:46,080 GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS OUT THERE 4524 03:35:46,080 --> 03:35:48,040 IN THE REAL WORLD WHO BASICALLY 4525 03:35:48,040 --> 03:35:51,640 ARE CONVINCED MORE THAN 4526 03:35:51,640 --> 03:35:53,160 CONVINCED, HAVE EVIDENCE THAT 4527 03:35:53,160 --> 03:36:00,520 ONE OF THE DISEASES IS GROSSLY 4528 03:36:00,520 --> 03:36:02,800 UNDER DIAGNOSED AND ACTUALLY IS 4529 03:36:02,800 --> 03:36:08,240 VERY PREVALENT AND NOT BEING 4530 03:36:08,240 --> 03:36:10,040 TREATED PROPERLY AND NOT EVEN 4531 03:36:10,040 --> 03:36:11,200 BEING RECOGNIZED. 4532 03:36:11,200 --> 03:36:12,560 I'LL THROW THAT OUT WHEN CHUCK 4533 03:36:12,560 --> 03:36:16,720 WAS TALKING ABOUT THE V.A. AND 4534 03:36:16,720 --> 03:36:17,960 THE DOD. 4535 03:36:17,960 --> 03:36:20,200 WAS THE VETERANS USED TO BE A 4536 03:36:20,200 --> 03:36:22,120 PLACE WHERE THIS WAS DIAGNOSED 4537 03:36:22,120 --> 03:36:26,280 BUT APPARENTLY WHAT'S HAPPENED 4538 03:36:26,280 --> 03:36:28,840 IS THAT GIVING THIAMINE HAS 4539 03:36:28,840 --> 03:36:30,800 BECOME SO ROUTINE IN EMERGENCY 4540 03:36:30,800 --> 03:36:32,320 ROOMS PEOPLE ARE NOT PAYING 4541 03:36:32,320 --> 03:36:36,360 ATTENTION TO THE FACT THAT SOME 4542 03:36:36,360 --> 03:36:38,080 OF THESE INDIVIDUALS ARE NOT 4543 03:36:38,080 --> 03:36:40,400 GETTING ENOUGH TIME AND THIS 4544 03:36:40,400 --> 03:36:43,600 LADY HAD A LOVED ONE IN THAT 4545 03:36:43,600 --> 03:36:45,200 SITUATION AND EXPLAINED SHE HAD 4546 03:36:45,200 --> 03:36:47,520 TO GO IN AND UP THE DOSE BUT 4547 03:36:47,520 --> 03:36:49,600 ALSO THAT IT'S JUST NOT BEING 4548 03:36:49,600 --> 03:36:50,120 RECOGNIZED. 4549 03:36:50,120 --> 03:36:55,040 AND I MUST SAY WHEN WE PUT THE 4550 03:36:55,040 --> 03:36:57,000 FACT SHEET TOGETHER WE HAD A 4551 03:36:57,000 --> 03:36:58,560 HECK OF A TIME AND YOU HAD TO GO 4552 03:36:58,560 --> 03:37:03,520 TO MARLENE AND OSCAR BURMEN WORK 4553 03:37:03,520 --> 03:37:08,600 ON THIS FOR YEARS TO GET ANOTHER 4554 03:37:08,600 --> 03:37:13,280 NEUROLOGIST FOR THIS. 4555 03:37:13,280 --> 03:37:15,400 I THROW THAT OUT, IF YOU HAVE 4556 03:37:15,400 --> 03:37:17,480 INFORMATION PLEASE LET ME KNOW. 4557 03:37:17,480 --> 03:37:20,280 I'LL FOLLOW UP WITH THE LADY I 4558 03:37:20,280 --> 03:37:21,800 DISCUSSED THIS WITH PART OF THE 4559 03:37:21,800 --> 03:37:23,640 BIG INITIATIVE AND I THINK NORRA 4560 03:37:23,640 --> 03:37:25,600 PROBABLY KNOWS HER NAME SO I'LL 4561 03:37:25,600 --> 03:37:27,000 ASK HER TOMORROW. 4562 03:37:27,000 --> 03:37:29,080 I'M PARTIALLY TRYING TO REMEMBER 4563 03:37:29,080 --> 03:37:32,240 MYSELF AND TO PUT THE BEE IN 4564 03:37:32,240 --> 03:37:36,040 YOUR EAR. 4565 03:37:36,040 --> 03:37:37,440 IF YOU HEAR ABOUT THIS I'D BE 4566 03:37:37,440 --> 03:37:40,720 HAPPY FOR REFERENCES OR 4567 03:37:40,720 --> 03:37:41,000 ANYTHING. 4568 03:37:41,000 --> 03:37:43,880 IT'S LIKE IT FELL OFF A CLIFF AS 4569 03:37:43,880 --> 03:37:47,440 ONE OF THE PATHOLOGIES 4570 03:37:47,440 --> 03:37:53,200 ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL AND 4571 03:37:53,200 --> 03:38:02,680 WERNIKI'S IS TREATABLE BUT KO 4572 03:38:02,680 --> 03:38:03,600 KORSOKAUF IS NOT AND ONCE YOU 4573 03:38:03,600 --> 03:38:09,960 HAVE HOLES IN YOU'RE HIPPOCAMPUS 4574 03:38:09,960 --> 03:38:11,240 AND YOU CAN BE TREATED WITH THE 4575 03:38:11,240 --> 03:38:13,200 WRONG OF EVERYTHING. 4576 03:38:13,200 --> 03:38:23,600 IT'S A KIND OF DEMENTIA. 4577 03:38:32,440 --> 03:38:36,320 >>IT DOESN'T MEAN IT'S NOT 4578 03:38:36,320 --> 03:38:38,720 VALUABLE WORK FOR WORK THAT'S 4579 03:38:38,720 --> 03:38:40,320 ABSOLUTELY SHOULD FORM THE 4580 03:38:40,320 --> 03:38:40,680 FIELD. 4581 03:38:40,680 --> 03:38:40,880 OVER. 4582 03:38:40,880 --> 03:38:43,440 >>CHUCK, I DON'T KNOW YOU 4583 03:38:43,440 --> 03:38:46,920 LOOKED AT OUR HBCR HEALTH CARE 4584 03:38:46,920 --> 03:38:48,320 PROFESSIONAL CORE RESEARCH BUT 4585 03:38:48,320 --> 03:38:51,560 YOU'RE WELCOME TO SHARE IT WITH 4586 03:38:51,560 --> 03:39:02,080 THE GROUPS YOU INTERACT WITH AND 4587 03:39:14,840 --> 03:39:15,480 SUCH. 4588 03:39:15,480 --> 03:39:20,560 >>AND WE'RE LOOKING FOR 4589 03:39:20,560 --> 03:39:21,920 ACCEPTANCE OF THE CONCEPT 4590 03:39:21,920 --> 03:39:22,160 CLEARANCE. 4591 03:39:22,160 --> 03:39:24,760 >>SECOND. 4592 03:39:24,760 --> 03:39:29,000 >>ANYBODY OPPOSED? 4593 03:39:29,000 --> 03:39:29,200 OKAY. 4594 03:39:29,200 --> 03:39:30,880 THE PREVIOUS CONCEPT IS 4595 03:39:30,880 --> 03:39:31,160 ACCEPTED. 4596 03:39:31,160 --> 03:39:32,800 I NEED TO ANNOUNCE THE FUTURE 4597 03:39:32,800 --> 03:39:34,280 MEETING DATES. 4598 03:39:34,280 --> 03:39:37,560 THE NEXT MEETING WILL BE ON 4599 03:39:37,560 --> 03:39:38,840 SEPTEMBER 7. 4600 03:39:38,840 --> 03:39:40,400 HOPEFULLY IT WILL BE A FULL IN 4601 03:39:40,400 --> 03:39:42,880 PERSON MEETING AND WE'LL HAVE 4602 03:39:42,880 --> 03:39:45,800 ALL THE COUNCIL IN THE MEETING 4603 03:39:45,800 --> 03:39:47,880 ROOM UNLESS SOMETHING DRASTIC 4604 03:39:47,880 --> 03:39:48,080 HAPPENS. 4605 03:39:48,080 --> 03:39:51,800 I'LL KEEP YOU POSTED ABOUT THE 4606 03:39:51,800 --> 03:39:53,120 DATES AND LOGISTICS AND DATES TO 4607 03:39:53,120 --> 03:39:56,560 MARK IN YOUR CALENDAR FOR 2024 4608 03:39:56,560 --> 03:40:01,600 IS FEBRUARY 8, MAY 14 AND 15 AND 4609 03:40:01,600 --> 03:40:02,400 SEPTEMBER 12. 4610 03:40:02,400 --> 03:40:03,840 I'LL SEND ALL THE DETAILS AND 4611 03:40:03,840 --> 03:40:08,960 THE INFORMATION IS IN THE ECB. 4612 03:40:08,960 --> 03:40:11,560 AND ALSO ALL THE TALKS DONE 4613 03:40:11,560 --> 03:40:13,640 TODAY AND REPORTS INCLUDING 4614 03:40:13,640 --> 03:40:14,360 NONI'S PRESENTATION ALL ARE 4615 03:40:14,360 --> 03:40:15,800 AVAILABLE IN THE ECB. 4616 03:40:15,800 --> 03:40:25,760 YOU'LL BE ABLE TO DOWNLOAD IT 4617 03:40:25,760 --> 03:40:27,040 AND THE NIAA SPECTRUM MAGAZINE 4618 03:40:27,040 --> 03:40:31,400 IS OUT AND THERE'S A COPY OF 4619 03:40:31,400 --> 03:40:34,360 THAT IN THE ECB YOU CAN DOWNLOAD 4620 03:40:34,360 --> 03:40:36,880 IT AND LOOK AT IT AND ONLY OTHER 4621 03:40:36,880 --> 03:40:40,600 THING I WANT TO MENTION IS ANY 4622 03:40:40,600 --> 03:40:47,120 PAPERWORK NEEDED IN MATERIALS OF 4623 03:40:47,120 --> 03:40:54,680 POST-MEETING COI INFORMATION AND 4624 03:40:54,680 --> 03:40:59,520 SIGN IT AND SEND IT BACK TO ME 4625 03:40:59,520 --> 03:41:01,320 TO HAVE THE PAPERWORK SUBMITTED 4626 03:41:01,320 --> 03:41:03,960 TO REIMBURSE YOU FOR THE 4627 03:41:03,960 --> 03:41:05,080 EXPENSES. 4628 03:41:05,080 --> 03:41:07,960 I'LL HAND IT BACK TO GEORGE FOR 4629 03:41:07,960 --> 03:41:13,760 CLOSING REMARKS AND ADJOURNMENT. 4630 03:41:13,760 --> 03:41:18,120 >>WE'LL CONTINUE TO HAVE A 4631 03:41:18,120 --> 03:41:20,480 HYBRID OPTIONS UNTIL WE SAY 4632 03:41:20,480 --> 03:41:22,720 OTHERWISE FOR COUNCIL MEETINGS. 4633 03:41:22,720 --> 03:41:24,200 IN THE WINTER MEETING I CALL 4634 03:41:24,200 --> 03:41:25,640 FEBRUARY, DEPENDING ON THE 4635 03:41:25,640 --> 03:41:27,520 WEATHER WILL DEPEND ON WHAT WE 4636 03:41:27,520 --> 03:41:32,680 DO. 4637 03:41:32,680 --> 03:41:34,720 AND THIS IS THE MILDEST WEATHER 4638 03:41:34,720 --> 03:41:36,560 IN WASHINGTON IN THE 10 YEARS 4639 03:41:36,560 --> 03:41:38,160 I'VE BEEN BACK BUT I ALSO 4640 03:41:38,160 --> 03:41:41,280 REMEMBER SNOWMAGEDDON WHEN I 4641 03:41:41,280 --> 03:41:42,480 COULDN'T GET OUT OF THE BACK 4642 03:41:42,480 --> 03:41:47,800 DOOR OF MY APARTMENT IN 4643 03:41:47,800 --> 03:41:48,360 GEORGETOWN. 4644 03:41:48,360 --> 03:41:54,520 SO AND CORRECT ME IF I GET THIS 4645 03:41:54,520 --> 03:41:56,560 WRONG ONE OF OUR STUDY SECTIONS 4646 03:41:56,560 --> 03:41:58,280 EACH YEAR WILL BE IN PERSON? 4647 03:41:58,280 --> 03:41:59,560 >>YES, CORRECT. 4648 03:41:59,560 --> 03:42:06,040 AT LEAST ONE STUDY SECTION PER 4649 03:42:06,040 --> 03:42:11,560 YEAR IN PERSON AND ONE CLOSE UP. 4650 03:42:11,560 --> 03:42:14,240 I THINK SRO WILL POLL THEIR 4651 03:42:14,240 --> 03:42:16,120 STUDY SECTION AND SEE HOW THEY 4652 03:42:16,120 --> 03:42:20,600 WANT TO DO IT AND OTHER FACTORS 4653 03:42:20,600 --> 03:42:25,400 AS WELL. 4654 03:42:25,400 --> 03:42:28,760 >>THERE'S ADVANTAGES AND 4655 03:42:28,760 --> 03:42:30,400 DISADVANTAGES TO BOTH A LOT OF 4656 03:42:30,400 --> 03:42:33,640 OUR EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES GO VERY 4657 03:42:33,640 --> 03:42:37,440 WELL VIRTUALLY. 4658 03:42:37,440 --> 03:42:39,160 THERE'S A CERTAIN SKILL TO USING 4659 03:42:39,160 --> 03:42:45,560 VIRTUAL MEDIA MAKING SURE PEOPLE 4660 03:42:45,560 --> 03:42:50,480 RESPOND. 4661 03:42:50,480 --> 03:42:52,000 AND THERE'S ADVANTAGE FOR NEW 4662 03:42:52,000 --> 03:42:55,160 PEOPLE TO GET TO KNOW EACH OTHER 4663 03:42:55,160 --> 03:42:56,600 IN PERSON AND WE'LL KEEP THAT IN 4664 03:42:56,600 --> 03:43:04,560 MIND FOR COUNCIL AS WELL. 4665 03:43:04,560 --> 03:43:05,280 AND THERE'S AN ADVANTAGE OF 4666 03:43:05,280 --> 03:43:07,320 BEING ON STUDY SECTION AS SOME 4667 03:43:07,320 --> 03:43:09,720 POINTED OUT WITH NONI. 4668 03:43:09,720 --> 03:43:12,200 IT'S CERTAINLY MY FIRST STUDY 4669 03:43:12,200 --> 03:43:16,040 SECTION WAS A CAREER CHANGER 4670 03:43:16,040 --> 03:43:17,640 BECAUSE I STARTED TO SEE THE 4671 03:43:17,640 --> 03:43:18,200 REAL WORLD. 4672 03:43:18,200 --> 03:43:21,360 WHEN I WAS ON YOU STUDY SECTION 4673 03:43:21,360 --> 03:43:23,400 AT FIRST ONE IT WENT ON FOR A 4674 03:43:23,400 --> 03:43:26,720 WEEK AND WE HAD 100 APPLICATIONS 4675 03:43:26,720 --> 03:43:37,200 AND SOME HAD OVER 100 PAGES. 4676 03:43:50,160 --> 03:43:53,600 WE'LL RECONVENE AT 10:00 A.M. 4677 03:43:53,600 --> 03:43:55,760 FOR COLLABORATE RESEARCH AND WE 4678 03:43:55,760 --> 03:43:58,600 HAVE A GREAT SPEAKER ABOUT PAIN 4679 03:43:58,600 --> 03:44:03,040 AND ADDICTION AND BOTH NORA AND 4680 03:44:03,040 --> 03:44:04,440 WILL GIVE BRIEF OVERVIEW. 4681 03:44:04,440 --> 03:44:06,640 SOME WILL BE THE SAME AND SOME 4682 03:44:06,640 --> 03:44:08,680 DIFFERENT AND EMPHASIZE A FEW 4683 03:44:08,680 --> 03:44:10,080 OTHER THINGS. 4684 03:44:10,080 --> 03:44:11,040 ANY FINAL QUESTIONS? 4685 03:44:11,040 --> 03:44:12,440 ANYBODY ONLINE AND TRISH DO YOU 4686 03:44:12,440 --> 03:44:14,680 HAVE COMMENTS YOU'D LIKE TO MAKE 4687 03:44:14,680 --> 03:44:18,200 HAVING HEARD THE AFTERNOON 4688 03:44:18,200 --> 03:44:18,560 SESSION? 4689 03:44:18,560 --> 03:44:20,960 >>EXCELLENT PRESENTATIONS AND 4690 03:44:20,960 --> 03:44:24,560 LOTS TO THINK ABOUT AND THANKS 4691 03:44:24,560 --> 03:44:27,600 TO THE COUNCIL MEMBERS FOR THEIR 4692 03:44:27,600 --> 03:44:36,040 DELIBERATIVE THOUGHTS TODAY. 4693 03:44:36,040 --> 03:44:41,920 >>THERE'S A FEW ONLINE AND WE 4694 03:44:41,920 --> 03:44:46,600 GOT THEM OUT OF THEIR SPACE AND 4695 03:44:46,600 --> 03:44:49,360 I APPRECIATE THE QUESTIONS AND 4696 03:44:49,360 --> 03:44:50,920 DON'T EVER GET THE IMPRESSION I 4697 03:44:50,920 --> 03:44:52,120 DON'T APPRECIATE THE QUESTIONS 4698 03:44:52,120 --> 03:44:53,920 THOUGH I MAY GET DEFENSIVE IN 4699 03:44:53,920 --> 03:44:57,720 ANSWERING THEM, OKAY. 4700 03:44:57,720 --> 03:44:59,320 IT'S JUST PART OF THE NATURAL 4701 03:44:59,320 --> 03:45:04,120 TENDENCY OF THE KOOB. 4702 03:45:04,120 --> 03:45:10,920 BUT WE LISTEN AND PAY ATTENTION 4703 03:45:10,920 --> 03:45:13,480 AND WE TRY TO CHANGE THANK YOU 4704 03:45:13,480 --> 03:45:14,000 EVERYBODY AND THE MEETING IS NOW 4705 03:45:14,000 --> 00:00:00,000 ADJOURNED.