1 00:00:05,842 --> 00:00:07,744 GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE. 2 00:00:07,744 --> 00:00:11,014 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US FOR 3 00:00:11,014 --> 00:00:13,216 THIS WORKSHOP, COMPLEMENTARY AND 4 00:00:13,216 --> 00:00:19,689 INTEGRATIVE WORKSHOPS TO PREVENT 5 00:00:19,689 --> 00:00:28,431 AND MITT TATE EFFECTS OF 6 00:00:28,431 --> 00:00:29,099 ENDOCRINE AND DISRUPTING 7 00:00:29,099 --> 00:00:30,834 CHEMICALS, I'M GLAD YOU JOINED 8 00:00:30,834 --> 00:00:31,368 US. 9 00:00:31,368 --> 00:00:34,805 THIS WORKSHOP IS ORGANIZED BY 10 00:00:34,805 --> 00:00:38,408 NCCIH AND NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR 11 00:00:38,408 --> 00:00:39,176 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, 12 00:00:39,176 --> 00:00:41,077 ALSO WITH GENEROUS SUPPORT OF 13 00:00:41,077 --> 00:00:50,353 NIH OFFICE OF DISEASE PREVENTION 14 00:00:50,353 --> 00:00:52,989 AND NIH OFFICE OF DIETARY 15 00:00:52,989 --> 00:00:56,693 SUPPLEMENTS IN RESPONSE TO 16 00:00:56,693 --> 00:01:00,997 RECOGNITION OF IMPACT OF 17 00:01:00,997 --> 00:01:05,669 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING DISRUPTIN. 18 00:01:05,669 --> 00:01:11,174 EVERYDAY THERE SEEMS TO BE A NEW 19 00:01:11,174 --> 00:01:13,443 HEADLINE ABOUT EDCs AND 20 00:01:13,443 --> 00:01:15,645 FOREVER CHEMICALS AND EFFECT ON 21 00:01:15,645 --> 00:01:17,614 OUR HEALTH AS ADULTS AND 22 00:01:17,614 --> 00:01:17,881 CHILDREN. 23 00:01:17,881 --> 00:01:21,117 SOME ISSUES YOU MAY HAVE HEARD 24 00:01:21,117 --> 00:01:23,954 ABOUT LINKED INCLUDING OBESITY 25 00:01:23,954 --> 00:01:27,257 AND INSULIN RESISTANCE, CERTAIN 26 00:01:27,257 --> 00:01:28,892 CANCERS, ADHD, IMMUNE 27 00:01:28,892 --> 00:01:30,794 DYSFUNCTION, FERTILITY PROBLEMS. 28 00:01:30,794 --> 00:01:32,429 AND THOSE ARE JUST A FEW 29 00:01:32,429 --> 00:01:34,598 CONDITIONS THAT MIGHT POSSIBLY 30 00:01:34,598 --> 00:01:37,234 BE LINKED TO EDCs. 31 00:01:37,234 --> 00:01:39,769 PUBLIC HEALTH MESSAGING AROUND 32 00:01:39,769 --> 00:01:44,374 EDCs AS FOCUSED ON AVOIDANCE. 33 00:01:44,374 --> 00:01:45,242 AS WE'LL LEARN TODAY, AVOIDANCE 34 00:01:45,242 --> 00:01:48,411 IS IMPORTANT AND CAN HAVE A BIG 35 00:01:48,411 --> 00:01:50,947 IMPACT BUT IT'S NEARLY 36 00:01:50,947 --> 00:01:53,216 IMPOSSIBLE GIVEN HOW PREVALENT 37 00:01:53,216 --> 00:01:55,652 EDCs ARE IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS. 38 00:01:55,652 --> 00:02:06,096 WHETHER IT'S CASH REGISTER 39 00:02:08,331 --> 00:02:09,466 RECEIPTS, DENTAL FLOSS, PILLOWS, 40 00:02:09,466 --> 00:02:12,636 WATER AND CLOTHING. 41 00:02:12,636 --> 00:02:15,372 SOME PEOPLE HAVE OCCUPATIONAL 42 00:02:15,372 --> 00:02:15,639 EXPOSURES. 43 00:02:15,639 --> 00:02:16,673 AVOIDANCE IS IMPORTANT BUT 44 00:02:16,673 --> 00:02:19,175 SOMETIMES JUST NOT POSSIBLE. 45 00:02:19,175 --> 00:02:22,479 AVOIDANCE ALONE IS LIKELY NOT 46 00:02:22,479 --> 00:02:27,183 ENOUGH TO PREVENT COMPLETELY THE 47 00:02:27,183 --> 00:02:28,818 HEALTH EFFECTS EDCs MAY CAUSE. 48 00:02:28,818 --> 00:02:33,657 WE MUST FIND OTHER WAYS, OTHER 49 00:02:33,657 --> 00:02:37,928 EXCLUSIONS, THIS WORKSHOP IS 50 00:02:37,928 --> 00:02:39,229 ABOUT FINDING SOLUTIONS FOR 51 00:02:39,229 --> 00:02:41,965 AVOIDANCE AND REDUCTION OF 52 00:02:41,965 --> 00:02:45,268 EXPOSURE AND MUST FIND WAYS IF 53 00:02:45,268 --> 00:02:47,337 TO BE TO CLEAR THEM FROM OUR 54 00:02:47,337 --> 00:02:50,874 BODIES OR BLOCK EFFECTS OR BUILD 55 00:02:50,874 --> 00:02:53,476 OUR DEFENSES AND RESILIENCY 56 00:02:53,476 --> 00:02:54,344 AGAINST EDCs. 57 00:02:54,344 --> 00:02:55,879 STUDIES ARE BEING DONE WHICH 58 00:02:55,879 --> 00:02:57,147 YOU'LL HEAR ABOUT TODAY THAT 59 00:02:57,147 --> 00:02:59,249 SHOW THAT THERE ARE THINGS THAT 60 00:02:59,249 --> 00:03:01,885 WE CAN DO, AND THESE ARE THINGS 61 00:03:01,885 --> 00:03:03,887 THAT ARE ACCESSIBLE AND 62 00:03:03,887 --> 00:03:05,755 PRACTICAL AND SAFE, AND THAT AS 63 00:03:05,755 --> 00:03:11,861 WE LEARN MORE ABOUT THEM COULD 64 00:03:11,861 --> 00:03:13,063 BE READILY IMPLEMENTED. 65 00:03:13,063 --> 00:03:17,667 WE'RE DOING THAT GREAT WORK 66 00:03:17,667 --> 00:03:19,636 TODAY, HIGHLIGHTING RESEARCHERS 67 00:03:19,636 --> 00:03:21,171 WHO EXAMINED HOW EDCs ARE 68 00:03:21,171 --> 00:03:24,607 IMPACTING HEALTH DISEASE AND 69 00:03:24,607 --> 00:03:25,976 PATTERNS IN THE UNITED STATES 70 00:03:25,976 --> 00:03:27,277 AND WORLD AND FEATURE 71 00:03:27,277 --> 00:03:30,580 PERSPECTIVES OF COMMUNITY 72 00:03:30,580 --> 00:03:32,882 MEMBERS AND CLINICIANS WHO ARE 73 00:03:32,882 --> 00:03:34,184 NAVIGATING EDC EXPOSURE FIRST 74 00:03:34,184 --> 00:03:36,019 HAND TO LEARN HOW THEY ARE DOING 75 00:03:36,019 --> 00:03:38,021 AND WHAT WE CAN DO TO HELP WITH 76 00:03:38,021 --> 00:03:38,421 THEM. 77 00:03:38,421 --> 00:03:41,057 OUR HOPE IS THE WORKSHOP WILL 78 00:03:41,057 --> 00:03:43,493 INFORM YOU ABOUT EDCs BUT ALSO 79 00:03:43,493 --> 00:03:46,963 HELP YOU FEEL EMPOWERED TO DO 80 00:03:46,963 --> 00:03:49,499 SOMETHING REGARDING EDC EXPOSURE 81 00:03:49,499 --> 00:03:51,034 AND RISK REDUCTION. 82 00:03:51,034 --> 00:03:53,570 WE HOPE THIS WORKSHOP INSPIRES 83 00:03:53,570 --> 00:03:55,071 RESEARCHERS AND THE PUBLIC TO 84 00:03:55,071 --> 00:03:56,740 COLLABORATE WITH EACH OTHER AND 85 00:03:56,740 --> 00:04:00,110 WITH THE NIH TO FIND WAYS TO 86 00:04:00,110 --> 00:04:04,147 STAY HEALTHY AND THRIVE IN THE 87 00:04:04,147 --> 00:04:05,615 FACE OF EDCs. 88 00:04:05,615 --> 00:04:08,785 WITH THAT, I'M GOING TO 89 00:04:08,785 --> 00:04:09,953 INTRODUCE SOME OF OUR GREAT 90 00:04:09,953 --> 00:04:12,389 SPEAKERS WHO WILL BE GIVING SOME 91 00:04:12,389 --> 00:04:14,457 OPENING REMARKS AND IT'S A 92 00:04:14,457 --> 00:04:16,760 TESTAMENT TO HOW IMPORTANT NIH 93 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:19,696 FEELS THIS SUBJECT IS THAT WE 94 00:04:19,696 --> 00:04:23,433 HAVE FOUR NIH CENTER INSTITUTE 95 00:04:23,433 --> 00:04:25,502 AND OFFICE DIRECTORS 96 00:04:25,502 --> 00:04:26,803 PARTICIPATING IN THIS WORKSHOP. 97 00:04:26,803 --> 00:04:30,540 I WOULD LIKE TO FIRST INTRODUCE 98 00:04:30,540 --> 00:04:33,843 DR. HELENE LANGEVIN, DIRECTOR OF 99 00:04:33,843 --> 00:04:42,352 THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR 100 00:04:42,352 --> 00:04:48,591 COMPLEMENTARY AND INTEGRATIVE 101 00:04:48,591 --> 00:04:48,825 HEALTH. 102 00:04:48,825 --> 00:04:51,127 I DON'T KNOW IF YOU'RE MUTED. 103 00:04:51,127 --> 00:04:56,032 DO YOU WANT TO -- IF YOU CAN SEE 104 00:04:56,032 --> 00:04:59,002 THE SLIDES AND UNMUTE. 105 00:04:59,002 --> 00:05:05,008 106 00:05:05,008 --> 00:05:15,051 107 00:05:21,257 --> 00:05:23,059 >> THE NOTICE SHE CHATTED, SHE 108 00:05:23,059 --> 00:05:24,494 LOST HER MUTE BUTTON. 109 00:05:24,494 --> 00:05:25,495 >> OH, THERE YOU ARE. 110 00:05:25,495 --> 00:05:26,796 >> WE CAN HEAR YOU. 111 00:05:26,796 --> 00:05:29,632 WE CAN'T SEE YOU. 112 00:05:29,632 --> 00:05:33,403 >> I ALSO LOST MY VIDEO. 113 00:05:33,403 --> 00:05:34,938 >> THAT'S OKAY, IF YOU WANT TO 114 00:05:34,938 --> 00:05:36,873 JUST TALK. 115 00:05:36,873 --> 00:05:39,375 >> ALL RIGHT. 116 00:05:39,375 --> 00:05:41,578 WELL, THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 117 00:05:41,578 --> 00:05:47,684 I FIRST WANT TO REALLY APPLAUD 118 00:05:47,684 --> 00:05:48,985 DR. CHIDEYA FOR SPEARHEADING 119 00:05:48,985 --> 00:05:49,319 THIS. 120 00:05:49,319 --> 00:05:50,854 THIS WAS HER BRAIN CHILD. 121 00:05:50,854 --> 00:05:53,289 SHE CAME UP WITH THIS IDEA OF 122 00:05:53,289 --> 00:05:55,658 DOING A WORKSHOP ON ENDOCRINE 123 00:05:55,658 --> 00:05:57,861 DISRUPTING CHEMICALS AND REALLY 124 00:05:57,861 --> 00:05:59,295 DROVE THE WHOLE PROCESS, WE WANT 125 00:05:59,295 --> 00:06:00,897 TO APPLAUD HER FOR THAT. 126 00:06:00,897 --> 00:06:04,000 I WANT TO SO MUCH APPRECIATE ALL 127 00:06:04,000 --> 00:06:07,103 THE WONDERFUL INPUT AND SUPPORT 128 00:06:07,103 --> 00:06:10,240 WE'VE HAD FROM NIEHS AND ODP, 129 00:06:10,240 --> 00:06:10,640 ODS. 130 00:06:10,640 --> 00:06:13,309 THIS IS REALLY A GROUP EFFORT TO 131 00:06:13,309 --> 00:06:15,712 HAVE THIS WORKSHOP. 132 00:06:15,712 --> 00:06:19,349 I'M VERY THRILLED. 133 00:06:19,349 --> 00:06:21,317 I'M GOING TO -- THE SLIDE DOES 134 00:06:21,317 --> 00:06:23,253 NOT SEEM TO ADVANCE. 135 00:06:23,253 --> 00:06:25,588 CAN YOU ADVANCE IT FOR ME 136 00:06:25,588 --> 00:06:25,822 PLEASE? 137 00:06:25,822 --> 00:06:27,123 >> YES, WE CAN. 138 00:06:27,123 --> 00:06:29,826 >> SO, I THINK ONE OF THE THINGS 139 00:06:29,826 --> 00:06:31,928 WE'VE BEEN HAVING MANY 140 00:06:31,928 --> 00:06:33,997 CONVERSATIONS ABOUT NOT JUST 141 00:06:33,997 --> 00:06:35,098 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS BUT 142 00:06:35,098 --> 00:06:36,366 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS IN GENERAL. 143 00:06:36,366 --> 00:06:41,437 AND WE KNOW THERE ARE A LOT OF 144 00:06:41,437 --> 00:06:42,038 EFFECTS, ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS 145 00:06:42,038 --> 00:06:44,474 BEING ONE OF THEM, BUT THIS IS 146 00:06:44,474 --> 00:06:46,576 SOMETHING WE NEED TO DEAL WITH. 147 00:06:46,576 --> 00:06:48,211 NEXT SLIDE. 148 00:06:48,211 --> 00:06:51,281 WE ALSO KNOW THAT THE EFFECT OF 149 00:06:51,281 --> 00:06:54,584 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS CAN HAVE ON 150 00:06:54,584 --> 00:07:04,294 I THINK, FOR EXAMPLE, OXIDATIVE 151 00:07:04,294 --> 00:07:06,496 STRESS, METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION, 152 00:07:06,496 --> 00:07:08,364 ENDOCRINE FUNCTION, ALSO EFFECTS 153 00:07:08,364 --> 00:07:10,433 THAT WE DON'T KNOW A LOT BUT 154 00:07:10,433 --> 00:07:12,735 THINK THERE MAY BE ADDITIVE 155 00:07:12,735 --> 00:07:17,540 EFFECTS SO THAT WHILE WE'RE 156 00:07:17,540 --> 00:07:18,741 WORKING TOWARDS MITIGATING 157 00:07:18,741 --> 00:07:21,477 EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS 158 00:07:21,477 --> 00:07:23,346 THEMSELVES, WE ALSO NEED TO PAY 159 00:07:23,346 --> 00:07:25,982 ATTENTION TO THE OTHER FACTORS 160 00:07:25,982 --> 00:07:27,283 THAT CAN COMPOUND THESE EFFECTS 161 00:07:27,283 --> 00:07:28,818 THAT WE KNOW HOW TO ADDRESS. 162 00:07:28,818 --> 00:07:30,787 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 163 00:07:30,787 --> 00:07:33,856 SO, WE KNOW, FOR EXAMPLE, THAT 164 00:07:33,856 --> 00:07:35,225 HEALTHY NUTRITION, PHYSICAL 165 00:07:35,225 --> 00:07:38,027 ACTIVITY, STRESS MANAGEMENT, ET 166 00:07:38,027 --> 00:07:41,631 CETERA, CAN IMPROVE MANY OF THE 167 00:07:41,631 --> 00:07:43,266 OTHER FACTORS THAT MAY COMPOUND 168 00:07:43,266 --> 00:07:45,668 THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL 169 00:07:45,668 --> 00:07:46,469 TOXINS. 170 00:07:46,469 --> 00:07:47,704 SO THROUGHOUT THIS WORKSHOP 171 00:07:47,704 --> 00:07:51,140 TODAY I WANT TO URGE YOU ALL TO 172 00:07:51,140 --> 00:07:52,675 THINK ABOUT THAT BECAUSE THIS IS 173 00:07:52,675 --> 00:07:55,945 IMPORTANT. 174 00:07:55,945 --> 00:07:57,380 THIS IS SOMETHING THAT WE CAN 175 00:07:57,380 --> 00:08:00,116 WORK ON WHILE WE'RE FIGURING OUT 176 00:08:00,116 --> 00:08:04,387 HOW TO RID THE BODY OF THESE 177 00:08:04,387 --> 00:08:05,688 TOXINS, MITIGATE SPECIFICALLY, 178 00:08:05,688 --> 00:08:08,524 BLOCK SOME EFFECTS, ET CETERA. 179 00:08:08,524 --> 00:08:12,128 BUT LET'S ALSO THINK ABOUT 180 00:08:12,128 --> 00:08:14,864 THINGS WE ALREADY KNOW HOW TO 181 00:08:14,864 --> 00:08:15,098 DO. 182 00:08:15,098 --> 00:08:17,367 I'LL STOP HERE AND WISH YOU A 183 00:08:17,367 --> 00:08:17,834 WONDERFUL CONFERENCE. 184 00:08:17,834 --> 00:08:21,771 I'M EXCITED TO HEAR THE TALKS. 185 00:08:21,771 --> 00:08:22,672 >> THANK YOU. 186 00:08:22,672 --> 00:08:25,074 I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE DR. RICK 187 00:08:25,074 --> 00:08:28,244 WOYCHIK, DIRECTOR OF THE 188 00:08:28,244 --> 00:08:29,445 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 189 00:08:29,445 --> 00:08:32,081 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES. 190 00:08:32,081 --> 00:08:32,382 >> GREAT. 191 00:08:32,382 --> 00:08:33,816 JUST DOING A SOUND CHECK. 192 00:08:33,816 --> 00:08:39,956 >> WE CAN HEAR YOU. 193 00:08:39,956 --> 00:08:40,423 >> TERRIFIC. 194 00:08:40,423 --> 00:08:41,791 SO HELENE THOSE WERE GREAT 195 00:08:41,791 --> 00:08:42,792 REMARKS. 196 00:08:42,792 --> 00:08:44,327 I'M EXCITED ABOUT JOINING NCCIH 197 00:08:44,327 --> 00:08:48,931 AS WELL AS OUR OTHER PARTNERS 198 00:08:48,931 --> 00:08:50,366 ACROSS THE NIH CO-SPONSORING 199 00:08:50,366 --> 00:08:51,434 THIS WORKSHOP, CONFIDENT IT'S 200 00:08:51,434 --> 00:08:58,541 GOING TO LEAD TO REALLY EXCITING 201 00:08:58,541 --> 00:08:58,775 SCIENCE. 202 00:08:58,775 --> 00:09:02,378 I'M SORRY I CAN'T BE THERE IN 203 00:09:02,378 --> 00:09:02,612 PERSON. 204 00:09:02,612 --> 00:09:05,481 NIEHS, OUR MISSION IS CENTERED 205 00:09:05,481 --> 00:09:06,849 ON STUDYING HOW ENVIRONMENT 206 00:09:06,849 --> 00:09:08,518 IMPACTS HUMAN HEALTH BUT THE 207 00:09:08,518 --> 00:09:12,322 TASK IS ENORMOUS. 208 00:09:12,322 --> 00:09:14,190 THERE'S GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO 209 00:09:14,190 --> 00:09:21,431 PARTNER WITH NCCIH AND OTHER 210 00:09:21,431 --> 00:09:24,701 ICs TO. 211 00:09:24,701 --> 00:09:26,002 NIEHS HAS BEEN PIONEERING 212 00:09:26,002 --> 00:09:28,771 RESEARCH ON HEALTH EFFECTS OF 213 00:09:28,771 --> 00:09:30,173 EDCs, INTERESTED IN 214 00:09:30,173 --> 00:09:31,374 UNDERSTANDING WHICH CHEMICALS 215 00:09:31,374 --> 00:09:34,143 HAVE THESE PROPERTIES AND 216 00:09:34,143 --> 00:09:35,778 DISRUPT NORMAL HORMONE FUNCTION 217 00:09:35,778 --> 00:09:37,980 AND TRIGGER DISEASE AND DEVELOP 218 00:09:37,980 --> 00:09:38,981 INTO ABNORMALITIES. 219 00:09:38,981 --> 00:09:40,917 RESEARCH BEGAN IN THE 220 00:09:40,917 --> 00:09:44,520 MID-1970s WHEN OUR INTRAMURAL 221 00:09:44,520 --> 00:09:46,489 INVESTIGATORS DISCOVERED THERE 222 00:09:46,489 --> 00:09:51,094 WERE ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 223 00:09:51,094 --> 00:09:54,597 EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DRUG 224 00:09:54,597 --> 00:09:57,767 DES, LINKED TO RARE CANCERS IN 225 00:09:57,767 --> 00:09:59,869 THE OFFSPRING OF MOTHERS USING 226 00:09:59,869 --> 00:10:00,536 IT. 227 00:10:00,536 --> 00:10:02,505 WE STARTED STUDYING CHEMICALS IN 228 00:10:02,505 --> 00:10:04,040 THE ENVIRONMENT, WE HAVE COME TO 229 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:09,178 REFER TO THEM AS ENVIRONMENTAL 230 00:10:09,178 --> 00:10:09,445 ESTROGENS. 231 00:10:09,445 --> 00:10:11,180 AND MANY WERE FOUND TO CAUSE 232 00:10:11,180 --> 00:10:13,015 WILDLIFE SPECIES TO DIE OFF IN 233 00:10:13,015 --> 00:10:21,324 OUR LAKES AND OCEANS. 234 00:10:21,324 --> 00:10:27,897 THAT WAS AN ALERT. 235 00:10:27,897 --> 00:10:33,469 IT'S NOT JUST DES. 236 00:10:33,469 --> 00:10:35,004 OVER SEVERAL DECADES WE'VE 237 00:10:35,004 --> 00:10:38,207 DISCOVERED MANY CHEMICALS THAT 238 00:10:38,207 --> 00:10:42,912 ARE USED WIDELY SUCH AS DIOXINS, 239 00:10:42,912 --> 00:10:45,081 PFAS, TEFLON, SCOTCH GUARD, A 240 00:10:45,081 --> 00:10:47,950 VARIETY OF THINGS PERSISTENT IN 241 00:10:47,950 --> 00:10:50,453 THE ENVIRONMENT. 242 00:10:50,453 --> 00:10:54,390 THERE'S PESTICIDES LIKE DTT AND 243 00:10:54,390 --> 00:10:56,025 PTHALATES AND BISPHENOL A, THAT 244 00:10:56,025 --> 00:10:58,027 CAN IMPACT OUR HEALTH AND HEALTH 245 00:10:58,027 --> 00:11:01,531 OF FUTURE GENERATIONS THROUGH 246 00:11:01,531 --> 00:11:02,398 THIS ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING 247 00:11:02,398 --> 00:11:02,832 EFFECT. 248 00:11:02,832 --> 00:11:05,334 WE'VE LEARNED EDCs CAN BE 249 00:11:05,334 --> 00:11:07,870 HARMFUL EVEN AT LOW EXPOSURES 250 00:11:07,870 --> 00:11:09,405 LEVELS, ESPECIALLY THE CASE 251 00:11:09,405 --> 00:11:13,676 DURING CRITICAL DEVELOP 252 00:11:13,676 --> 00:11:15,745 DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS LIKE 253 00:11:15,745 --> 00:11:17,847 PREGNANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD. 254 00:11:17,847 --> 00:11:20,016 EXPOSURE CAN LEAD TO HEALTH 255 00:11:20,016 --> 00:11:23,886 ISSUES INCLUDING CHANGES IN 256 00:11:23,886 --> 00:11:24,687 PUBERTY DEVELOPMENT, 257 00:11:24,687 --> 00:11:25,855 NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECT, CANCERS. 258 00:11:25,855 --> 00:11:27,290 WE'RE FUNDING RESEARCH TO 259 00:11:27,290 --> 00:11:29,459 DEVELOP NEW MODELS AND TOOLS TO 260 00:11:29,459 --> 00:11:30,460 BETTER UNDERSTAND MECHANISM OF 261 00:11:30,460 --> 00:11:36,699 TOX 262 00:11:36,699 --> 00:11:38,234 TOXICITY, IMPROVE IDENTIFICATION 263 00:11:38,234 --> 00:11:41,070 OF SUBSTANCES AND BETTER 264 00:11:41,070 --> 00:11:42,505 UNDERSTAND LINKS BETWEEN 265 00:11:42,505 --> 00:11:44,140 EXPOSURES AND HEALTH EFFECTS. 266 00:11:44,140 --> 00:11:46,342 AS WE'VE JUST HEARD IN TODAY'S 267 00:11:46,342 --> 00:11:48,845 WORLD IT'S NEARLY IMPOSSIBLE 268 00:11:48,845 --> 00:11:51,814 JUST TO PREVENT ALL EDC 269 00:11:51,814 --> 00:11:52,081 EXPOSURES. 270 00:11:52,081 --> 00:11:55,084 AND UNFORTUNATELY THE BEST WE 271 00:11:55,084 --> 00:11:58,488 CAN DO IS TRY TO PREVENT 272 00:11:58,488 --> 00:12:00,690 EXPOSURE BUT HOPEFULLY AS A 273 00:12:00,690 --> 00:12:02,525 RESULT OF THIS WORKSHOP WE CAN 274 00:12:02,525 --> 00:12:04,293 PROMOTE THE TYPE OF RESEARCH 275 00:12:04,293 --> 00:12:06,028 THAT WILL HELP TO IDENTIFY AND 276 00:12:06,028 --> 00:12:08,097 BETTER UNDERSTAND THE TYPES OF 277 00:12:08,097 --> 00:12:09,999 TREATMENTS OR INTERVENTIONS THAT 278 00:12:09,999 --> 00:12:14,136 CAN POTENTIALLY REDUCE OR 279 00:12:14,136 --> 00:12:16,606 MITIGATE EFFECTS OF EDC 280 00:12:16,606 --> 00:12:19,609 EXPOSURE, AN AREA WE CALL THE 281 00:12:19,609 --> 00:12:21,477 EXPOSOME, NOT JUST STUDYING 282 00:12:21,477 --> 00:12:23,212 PHYSICAL AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF 283 00:12:23,212 --> 00:12:24,981 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EFFECTS 284 00:12:24,981 --> 00:12:27,817 BUT BETTER UNDERSTAND SOME 285 00:12:27,817 --> 00:12:29,886 SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AS 286 00:12:29,886 --> 00:12:33,723 HELENE POINTED OUT, WHAT ABOUT 287 00:12:33,723 --> 00:12:36,792 EXERCISE, GOOD DIET, NOT JUST 288 00:12:36,792 --> 00:12:39,829 BAD DIET, PROMOTING CONSUMPTION 289 00:12:39,829 --> 00:12:49,939 OF OMEGA-3 FATTY AS IDENTITY AD 290 00:12:49,939 --> 00:12:50,907 POLYPHENOLS. 291 00:12:50,907 --> 00:12:52,575 HOPEFULLY THIS WILL MOVE US 292 00:12:52,575 --> 00:12:55,077 CLOSER TO ACHIEVING OUR GOALS OF 293 00:12:55,077 --> 00:12:56,946 STUDYING HEALTH EFFECTS AND 294 00:12:56,946 --> 00:12:58,581 POTENTIALLY AFFECTING TYPES OF 295 00:12:58,581 --> 00:13:03,719 INTERVENTION THAT CAN MITIGATE 296 00:13:03,719 --> 00:13:09,859 EXPOSURE TO EDCs UBIQUITOUS IN 297 00:13:09,859 --> 00:13:10,493 THE ENVIRONMENT. 298 00:13:10,493 --> 00:13:12,161 I WISH I COULD BE THERE THE 299 00:13:12,161 --> 00:13:13,796 ENTIRE DAY, BUT I CAN'T. 300 00:13:13,796 --> 00:13:16,532 I LOOK FORWARD TO LEARNING MORE 301 00:13:16,532 --> 00:13:18,067 ABOUT THE DISCUSSIONS THAT 302 00:13:18,067 --> 00:13:18,301 HAPPEN. 303 00:13:18,301 --> 00:13:21,571 I'LL TURN IT BACK OVER TO YOU. 304 00:13:21,571 --> 00:13:24,040 >> THANK YOU, DR. WOYCHIK. 305 00:13:24,040 --> 00:13:25,074 GREAT COMMENTS. 306 00:13:25,074 --> 00:13:27,276 I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE LAST BUT 307 00:13:27,276 --> 00:13:33,416 NOT LEAST DR. STEPHAN PASIAKOS, 308 00:13:33,416 --> 00:13:38,321 DIRECTOR OF OFFICE OF DIETARY 309 00:13:38,321 --> 00:13:38,788 SUPPLEMENTS. 310 00:13:38,788 --> 00:13:42,391 >> I'M DIRECTOR OF OFFICE OF 311 00:13:42,391 --> 00:13:43,793 DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, I WANT TO 312 00:13:43,793 --> 00:13:45,127 SAY HOW THANKFUL I AM TO BE ABLE 313 00:13:45,127 --> 00:13:49,966 TO BE PART OF THIS MEETING 314 00:13:49,966 --> 00:13:50,933 TODAY. 315 00:13:50,933 --> 00:13:52,001 IT'S AN EXCITING WORKSHOP. 316 00:13:52,001 --> 00:13:54,437 I'M GOING TO COME WITH AN OPEN 317 00:13:54,437 --> 00:13:58,140 MIND TO UNDERSTAND EFFECTS OF 318 00:13:58,140 --> 00:13:59,675 EDCs ON HEALTH, PHYSIOLOGICAL 319 00:13:59,675 --> 00:14:00,042 OUTCOMES. 320 00:14:00,042 --> 00:14:01,911 WE KNOW WHAT'S MOST IMPORTANT TO 321 00:14:01,911 --> 00:14:04,280 THE OFFICE OF DIETARY 322 00:14:04,280 --> 00:14:06,782 SUPPLEMENTS IS UNDERSTANDING HOW 323 00:14:06,782 --> 00:14:08,551 EDCs CAN AFFECT PHYSIOLOGICAL 324 00:14:08,551 --> 00:14:12,054 PATHWAYS THAT MIGHT PROMOTE 325 00:14:12,054 --> 00:14:13,255 RESILIENCE, ONE OF THE THREE 326 00:14:13,255 --> 00:14:17,093 PRIORITIES FOR THE OFFICE GOING 327 00:14:17,093 --> 00:14:17,426 FORWARD. 328 00:14:17,426 --> 00:14:20,363 THE OFFICE HAS LED TRANS-NIH 329 00:14:20,363 --> 00:14:20,896 WORKING GROUP DEVELOPING 330 00:14:20,896 --> 00:14:21,897 CONSISTENT DEFINITION FOR THE 331 00:14:21,897 --> 00:14:27,370 STUDY AND DESIGN AND CRITERIA 332 00:14:27,370 --> 00:14:31,207 FOR RESILIENCE, BY DEFINITION, 333 00:14:31,207 --> 00:14:32,508 THE CAPACITY TO RESIST, ADAPT 334 00:14:32,508 --> 00:14:34,610 TO, RECOVER OR GROW FROM A 335 00:14:34,610 --> 00:14:34,877 CHALLENGE. 336 00:14:34,877 --> 00:14:37,880 WHAT I'M INTERESTED IN LEARNING 337 00:14:37,880 --> 00:14:40,383 ABOUT TODAY AND TOMORROW IS 338 00:14:40,383 --> 00:14:41,817 UNDERSTANDING ROLE DIETARY 339 00:14:41,817 --> 00:14:47,823 SUPPLEMENTS AND KNEW -- 340 00:14:47,823 --> 00:14:54,497 NUTRITION MAY SERVE AND WAYS OF 341 00:14:54,497 --> 00:14:56,699 EDCs -- DO THEY DIFFER BY 342 00:14:56,699 --> 00:14:57,833 POPULATION, SUBGROUPS, ARE 343 00:14:57,833 --> 00:14:59,535 PROTECTIVE PATHWAYS THE SAME AND 344 00:14:59,535 --> 00:15:01,170 AFFECTED BY AMOUNT OF 345 00:15:01,170 --> 00:15:03,472 SUPPLEMENTS YOU TAKE, 346 00:15:03,472 --> 00:15:05,107 INTERACTION BETWEEN SUPPLEMENTS, 347 00:15:05,107 --> 00:15:05,841 UNDERLYING NUTRITION AND 348 00:15:05,841 --> 00:15:06,976 PHYSIOLOGIC FACTORS. 349 00:15:06,976 --> 00:15:09,612 THIS WAS AN IMPORTANT WORKSHOP. 350 00:15:09,612 --> 00:15:11,580 I'M GLAD FOR OUR OFFICE TO HAVE 351 00:15:11,580 --> 00:15:14,984 THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE PART OF 352 00:15:14,984 --> 00:15:15,618 THIS. 353 00:15:15,618 --> 00:15:17,920 YOU'LL HEAR MORE ABOUT 354 00:15:17,920 --> 00:15:20,423 RESILIENCE AND I'M EXCITED TO 355 00:15:20,423 --> 00:15:20,623 LEARN. 356 00:15:20,623 --> 00:15:21,791 I LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING WHAT 357 00:15:21,791 --> 00:15:32,234 COMES OUT OF THIS MEETING. 358 00:15:43,746 --> 00:15:44,914 THANK YOU. 359 00:15:44,914 --> 00:15:49,118 >> I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE DR. 360 00:15:49,118 --> 00:15:50,352 HEATHER PATISAUL FROM NIEHS. 361 00:15:50,352 --> 00:15:53,289 IF YOU LOOK AT THE QR CODE AT 362 00:15:53,289 --> 00:15:56,358 THE BOTTOM OF THE SLIDE AND ALSO 363 00:15:56,358 --> 00:15:58,227 URL, IF YOU CLICK ON THAT 364 00:15:58,227 --> 00:16:01,831 INFORMATION, YOU WILL SEE THE 365 00:16:01,831 --> 00:16:04,700 FULL BIOS AND NAMES AND GREAT 366 00:16:04,700 --> 00:16:06,302 WORK, DESCRIPTIONS OF THE GREAT 367 00:16:06,302 --> 00:16:07,870 WORK THE SPEAKERS ARE DOING. 368 00:16:07,870 --> 00:16:14,977 WE'LL TRY TO SAVE TIME BY NOT 369 00:16:14,977 --> 00:16:16,278 GIVING BIOS, SO CLICK ON THE 370 00:16:16,278 --> 00:16:20,216 LINKS TO FIND BOYS FOR PEOPLE 371 00:16:20,216 --> 00:16:27,890 LIKE DR. PATISAUL. 372 00:16:27,890 --> 00:16:30,292 DR. PATISAUL? 373 00:16:30,292 --> 00:16:32,128 >> I APPRECIATE THE INVITATION 374 00:16:32,128 --> 00:16:33,429 TO COME TO THIS INCREDIBLE 375 00:16:33,429 --> 00:16:34,997 MEETING AND HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY 376 00:16:34,997 --> 00:16:36,398 TO OPEN BY GIVING AN 377 00:16:36,398 --> 00:16:38,267 INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE FIELD, 378 00:16:38,267 --> 00:16:41,437 WHERE IT CAME FROM, AND DR. 379 00:16:41,437 --> 00:16:42,872 SARGIS WILL TALK ABOUT WHERE 380 00:16:42,872 --> 00:16:43,606 IT'S GOING. 381 00:16:43,606 --> 00:16:47,510 I WANT TO SET THE STAGE BUILDING 382 00:16:47,510 --> 00:16:50,846 FROM THE COMMENTS IN THE 383 00:16:50,846 --> 00:16:51,781 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 384 00:16:51,781 --> 00:16:54,383 TOXICOLOGY IS ARGUABLY THE 385 00:16:54,383 --> 00:16:55,451 OLDEST HUMAN SCIENTIFIC 386 00:16:55,451 --> 00:16:55,751 DISCIPLINE. 387 00:16:55,751 --> 00:16:57,019 DID YOU SEE THIS STORY IN THE 388 00:16:57,019 --> 00:17:00,956 NEWS THE LAST COUPLE WEEKS? 389 00:17:00,956 --> 00:17:05,461 WE HAVE RAKUS, A MALE ORANGUTAN 390 00:17:05,461 --> 00:17:09,498 WITH A FACIAL WOUND, FIRST 391 00:17:09,498 --> 00:17:11,901 EXAMPLE OF THE ANIMAL USING A 392 00:17:11,901 --> 00:17:15,504 MEDICINAL PLANT TO HEAL THE 393 00:17:15,504 --> 00:17:15,738 WOUND. 394 00:17:15,738 --> 00:17:17,273 WE'VE EVOLVED TO LEARN WHAT IS 395 00:17:17,273 --> 00:17:19,241 TOXIC, OR YOU WON'T BE HERE 396 00:17:19,241 --> 00:17:21,877 LONG, AND WHAT IS THERAPEUTIC. 397 00:17:21,877 --> 00:17:25,815 SO THIS DATES BACK TO ANCIENT 398 00:17:25,815 --> 00:17:26,482 HUMANS, PROBABLY ANCIENT 399 00:17:26,482 --> 00:17:26,749 ANCESTORS. 400 00:17:26,749 --> 00:17:29,852 AS SOON AS WE'RE LEARN WHAT'S 401 00:17:29,852 --> 00:17:30,753 TOXIC OR THERAPEUTIC WE 402 00:17:30,753 --> 00:17:33,255 WEAPONIZE IT AND USE IT AGAINST 403 00:17:33,255 --> 00:17:34,790 EACH OTHER. 404 00:17:34,790 --> 00:17:36,525 WE'VE EVOLVED FROM USING PLANTS 405 00:17:36,525 --> 00:17:38,260 AND OTHER THINGS TO MAKING THESE 406 00:17:38,260 --> 00:17:39,495 CHEMICALS OURSELVES. 407 00:17:39,495 --> 00:17:42,231 THEY CAN BE THERAPEUTIC OR 408 00:17:42,231 --> 00:17:43,098 TOXIC. 409 00:17:43,098 --> 00:17:47,036 SO THE HISTORY OF TOXICOLOGY 410 00:17:47,036 --> 00:17:49,572 FOLLOWS OUR OWN EVOLUTION. 411 00:17:49,572 --> 00:17:56,679 YOU CAN'T HAVE A TALK ON 412 00:17:56,679 --> 00:17:59,081 TOXICOLOGY WITHOUT PARESELYS, 413 00:17:59,081 --> 00:18:02,384 ALL SUBSTANCES ARE POISONS, THE 414 00:18:02,384 --> 00:18:06,856 RIGHT DOTES DIFFERENTIATES 415 00:18:06,856 --> 00:18:09,391 POISON TO REMEDY. 416 00:18:09,391 --> 00:18:12,027 WE HAVE KNOWN THIS FOR A LONG 417 00:18:12,027 --> 00:18:12,294 TIME. 418 00:18:12,294 --> 00:18:15,631 YOU CAN LOOK IN ANCIENT CHINESE 419 00:18:15,631 --> 00:18:17,166 JOURNALS, ANCIENT EGYPT, INDIA, 420 00:18:17,166 --> 00:18:19,034 ALL OVER THE GLOBE HUMANITY 421 00:18:19,034 --> 00:18:20,669 FIGURED OUT WHAT IS TOXIC AND 422 00:18:20,669 --> 00:18:23,739 NOT TOXIC FOR A VERY LONG TIME. 423 00:18:23,739 --> 00:18:25,474 TOXICITY TESTING WAS LARGELY 424 00:18:25,474 --> 00:18:27,910 DEVELOPED TO DETECT POISONS, 425 00:18:27,910 --> 00:18:29,111 THINGS THAT COULD OVERTLY KILL 426 00:18:29,111 --> 00:18:32,448 YOU OR DO SOMETHING BAD TO YOU 427 00:18:32,448 --> 00:18:32,681 QUICKLY. 428 00:18:32,681 --> 00:18:35,451 IN THE NEW CHEMICAL ERA WE HAVE 429 00:18:35,451 --> 00:18:38,053 ANOTHER PROBLEM, AGAIN A VERY 430 00:18:38,053 --> 00:18:40,456 SIMPLE SLIDE, CORRELATION IS NOT 431 00:18:40,456 --> 00:18:42,791 CAUSATION BUT PICK YOUR FAVORITE 432 00:18:42,791 --> 00:18:43,759 CHRONIC DISEASE, AS CHEMICAL USE 433 00:18:43,759 --> 00:18:45,728 IN THE WORLD HAS GONE UP SO HAS 434 00:18:45,728 --> 00:18:47,129 INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASE. 435 00:18:47,129 --> 00:18:49,331 THAT INCLUDES MENTAL HEALTH 436 00:18:49,331 --> 00:18:52,401 DISORDERS LIKE I'M INTERESTED 437 00:18:52,401 --> 00:18:54,803 IN, AUTISM AND ADHD, MANY 438 00:18:54,803 --> 00:18:56,772 CANCERS, DIABETES, OBESITY, SO 439 00:18:56,772 --> 00:18:58,874 WE HAVE A SUSPECT. 440 00:18:58,874 --> 00:19:00,309 SOME OF THESE CHEMICAL EXPOSURES 441 00:19:00,309 --> 00:19:01,944 MAY BE IMPACTING OUR HEALTH. 442 00:19:01,944 --> 00:19:03,712 AND THE TRICK IS TO FIGURE OUT 443 00:19:03,712 --> 00:19:07,850 WHICH ONES AND HOW AND WHY. 444 00:19:07,850 --> 00:19:12,021 AND SO THE EDCs ARE DIFFERENT 445 00:19:12,021 --> 00:19:14,423 THAN OVERT POISONS, THEY PERTURB 446 00:19:14,423 --> 00:19:16,091 OUR ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, WHICH IS 447 00:19:16,091 --> 00:19:17,393 VERY COMPLEX. 448 00:19:17,393 --> 00:19:19,128 AGAIN, IT'S BEEN KNOWN SINCE 449 00:19:19,128 --> 00:19:22,331 ANCIENT TIMES THE BRAIN AND 450 00:19:22,331 --> 00:19:27,336 OTHER ORGANS SECRETE STUFF, IN 451 00:19:27,336 --> 00:19:30,739 THIS CASE GALENUS COLLABORATED 452 00:19:30,739 --> 00:19:33,309 WITH HIPPOCRATES, CALLED IT 453 00:19:33,309 --> 00:19:40,249 PITUITA, , EVENING IN ANCIENT 454 00:19:40,249 --> 00:19:46,488 TIMES WE KNEW THIS. 455 00:19:46,488 --> 00:19:57,032 EARNEST STARLING COINED THE TERM 456 00:19:57,933 --> 00:20:08,043 HORMONE. 457 00:21:40,903 --> 00:21:45,274 >> THOSE ARE ORGANIZING EFFECTS 458 00:21:45,274 --> 00:21:55,717 OF TESTOSTERONE, MALES AND 459 00:25:57,459 --> 00:26:00,329 DDT AND BREAKDOWN PRODUCT WAS 460 00:26:00,329 --> 00:26:00,962 FEMINIZING ANIMALS AND FLIPPING 461 00:26:00,962 --> 00:26:02,898 SO AT THE TIME THEY ARE NORMALLY 462 00:26:02,898 --> 00:26:05,600 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE TO 463 00:26:05,600 --> 00:26:07,369 TEMPERATURE, THIS CHEMICAL WAS 464 00:26:07,369 --> 00:26:09,571 OVERRIDING THE SIGNAL TELLING 465 00:26:09,571 --> 00:26:11,406 BABY ALLIGATORS TO BECOME 466 00:26:11,406 --> 00:26:11,773 FEMALE. 467 00:26:11,773 --> 00:26:17,012 THE MALES ON THE LAKE FAMOUSLY 468 00:26:17,012 --> 00:26:18,847 HAD MICROPENIS, SO BREEDING WAS 469 00:26:18,847 --> 00:26:19,214 POOR. 470 00:26:19,214 --> 00:26:22,150 AGAIN YOU HAVE AN EXAMPLE OF A 471 00:26:22,150 --> 00:26:24,019 CHEMICAL THAT IS IMPACTING 472 00:26:24,019 --> 00:26:25,554 REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT IN 473 00:26:25,554 --> 00:26:26,455 MULTIPLE SPECIES, AND DETENDING 474 00:26:26,455 --> 00:26:29,124 ON WHETHER OR NOT THEY HAVE 475 00:26:29,124 --> 00:26:31,793 CHROMOSOMAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL 476 00:26:31,793 --> 00:26:35,197 SEX, EFFECTING CAN BE PROFOUND. 477 00:26:35,197 --> 00:26:40,135 SO THAT WORKS WAS SUMMARIZED BY 478 00:26:40,135 --> 00:26:44,373 ANOTHER FEMALE ECOLOGIST, THEO 479 00:26:44,373 --> 00:26:49,845 COALBURN, THIS WAS THE MOST 480 00:26:49,845 --> 00:26:55,150 FAMOUS MEETING FOR EDSs WHERE 481 00:26:55,150 --> 00:27:00,856 THE TERM WAS COINED. 482 00:27:00,856 --> 00:27:04,426 A LARGE NUMBER OF MAN-MADE 483 00:27:04,426 --> 00:27:06,495 CHEMICALS RELEASED IN THE 484 00:27:06,495 --> 00:27:08,497 ENVIRONMENT HAVE POTENTIAL TO 485 00:27:08,497 --> 00:27:09,898 DISRUPT ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS OF 486 00:27:09,898 --> 00:27:11,333 ANIMALS, FIRST TIME THIS WAS PUT 487 00:27:11,333 --> 00:27:14,503 TO PAPER. 488 00:27:14,503 --> 00:27:16,671 LIKE RACHEL CARSON, THE BOOK 489 00:27:16,671 --> 00:27:20,409 CAUGHT EVERYONE'S ATTENTION, 490 00:27:20,409 --> 00:27:30,919 SAME THROUGH FOR THEO COLBORN. 491 00:27:31,286 --> 00:27:32,988 SO WE'VE CHANGED AN ERA. 492 00:27:32,988 --> 00:27:35,290 ALL THE WAY UNTIL OUR STOLEN 493 00:27:35,290 --> 00:27:37,025 FUTURE WE WERE WHAT I WOULD CALL 494 00:27:37,025 --> 00:27:39,227 BEING IN THE POISON PERIOD, 495 00:27:39,227 --> 00:27:40,729 THOUGHT ABOUT CHEMICALS AS 496 00:27:40,729 --> 00:27:41,663 POISONS. 497 00:27:41,663 --> 00:27:43,598 WE DESIGNED OUR REGULATORY 498 00:27:43,598 --> 00:27:45,033 SYSTEM AROUND POISONS, DEVELOPED 499 00:27:45,033 --> 00:27:46,368 FOOD SYSTEM AND MEDICAL SYSTEM 500 00:27:46,368 --> 00:27:47,769 AROUND POISONS. 501 00:27:47,769 --> 00:27:49,304 IF YOU LOOK THROUGH SILENT 502 00:27:49,304 --> 00:27:53,442 SPRING YOU SEE POISON OR 503 00:27:53,442 --> 00:27:55,510 POISONOUS MENTIONED 50 TIMES, 10 504 00:27:55,510 --> 00:27:57,813 MENTIONS OF HORMONE, NONE ON 505 00:27:57,813 --> 00:27:59,681 ENDOCRINE. 506 00:27:59,681 --> 00:28:01,116 TOXICOLOGY AND ENDOCRINE NOTHING 507 00:28:01,116 --> 00:28:03,385 HAD NOT INTERSECTED YET. 508 00:28:03,385 --> 00:28:05,053 IN 1991, 1992, YOU GET THE 509 00:28:05,053 --> 00:28:06,555 INTERSECTION AND WE MOVE FROM 510 00:28:06,555 --> 00:28:08,857 THE POISON PERIOD TO THE 511 00:28:08,857 --> 00:28:09,825 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION PERIOD, WE 512 00:28:09,825 --> 00:28:13,161 HAVE TO UNDERSTAND NEW WAYS IN 513 00:28:13,161 --> 00:28:14,396 WHICH EXOGENOUS CHEMICALS CAN 514 00:28:14,396 --> 00:28:18,533 IMPACT OUR BODIES AND HEALTH. 515 00:28:18,533 --> 00:28:21,269 HOW DO YOU DEFINE IT? 516 00:28:21,269 --> 00:28:22,804 THIS IS THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY 517 00:28:22,804 --> 00:28:23,472 DEFINITION. 518 00:28:23,472 --> 00:28:26,541 THERE ARE OTHER WORKING 519 00:28:26,541 --> 00:28:27,843 DEFINITIONS DEPENDING WHAT YOUR 520 00:28:27,843 --> 00:28:29,044 GOAL IS. 521 00:28:29,044 --> 00:28:30,812 MOST SIMPLY, IT'S A EXOGENOUS 522 00:28:30,812 --> 00:28:33,114 CHEMICAL OR MIXTURE OF CHEMICALS 523 00:28:33,114 --> 00:28:37,252 THAT INTERFERE WITH ASPECTS OF 524 00:28:37,252 --> 00:28:37,919 HORMONE ACTION, INCLUDING 525 00:28:37,919 --> 00:28:39,988 ORGANIZATIONAL ROLE OF HORMONES 526 00:28:39,988 --> 00:28:41,957 AND ACTIVATIONAL ROLE LATER IN 527 00:28:41,957 --> 00:28:42,190 LIFE. 528 00:28:42,190 --> 00:28:44,059 SO HOW DO WE GET EXPOSED? 529 00:28:44,059 --> 00:28:46,661 YOU HEARD ABOUT THAT THIS 530 00:28:46,661 --> 00:28:54,002 MORNING, DDT IS A PESTICIDE. 531 00:28:54,002 --> 00:28:56,304 SOME ARE ACUTELY TOXICS, HAVE 532 00:28:56,304 --> 00:29:01,743 EFFECTS OF AT LOWER DOSES. 533 00:29:01,743 --> 00:29:03,411 CHILDREN PRODUCTS CONTAIN EDCs 534 00:29:03,411 --> 00:29:07,349 INCLUDING FLAME RETARDANTS NOT 535 00:29:07,349 --> 00:29:08,316 ON THE LIST, ELECTRONICS, 536 00:29:08,316 --> 00:29:09,618 BUILDING TEARS, ON AND ON. 537 00:29:09,618 --> 00:29:11,553 I HAVE A PICTURE OF SOY TO 538 00:29:11,553 --> 00:29:13,355 REMIND YOU WE'RE NOT THE ONLY 539 00:29:13,355 --> 00:29:15,423 ONES THAT CAN MAKE ENDOCRINE 540 00:29:15,423 --> 00:29:16,191 DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 541 00:29:16,191 --> 00:29:19,461 NATURE IS QUITE GOOD AT THAT. 542 00:29:19,461 --> 00:29:24,199 SOY AND OTHER LEGUMES CONTAIN 543 00:29:24,199 --> 00:29:25,166 PHYTOESTROGENS, VERY ESTROGENIC, 544 00:29:25,166 --> 00:29:26,835 THERE ARE EXAMPLES OF WOMEN 545 00:29:26,835 --> 00:29:29,671 EATING ENOUGH SOY AND SOY-BASED 546 00:29:29,671 --> 00:29:31,439 FOODS THEY SHUT OFF MENSTRUAL 547 00:29:31,439 --> 00:29:34,042 CYCLES. 548 00:29:34,042 --> 00:29:36,778 THAT WOULD BE AN ACTIVATIONAL 549 00:29:36,778 --> 00:29:39,214 EFFECT. 550 00:29:39,214 --> 00:29:40,815 THERE ARE NATURAL SOURCES, THEY 551 00:29:40,815 --> 00:29:45,554 ARE NOT ALL MAN MADE. 552 00:29:45,554 --> 00:29:48,523 AS PLASTIC BREAKS DOWN IT 553 00:29:48,523 --> 00:29:50,158 ABSORBS CHEMICALS INCLUDING 554 00:29:50,158 --> 00:29:51,259 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 555 00:29:51,259 --> 00:29:54,529 WE KNOW DISEASE IS ASSOCIATED 556 00:29:54,529 --> 00:29:55,297 WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE, 557 00:29:55,297 --> 00:29:56,131 IT'S UNDERAPPRECIATED. 558 00:29:56,131 --> 00:29:57,832 WE'VE SPENT EFFORT TRYING TO 559 00:29:57,832 --> 00:29:59,334 FIGURE OUT GENETIC BASIS OF 560 00:29:59,334 --> 00:30:01,002 DISEASE AND A LOT LESS EFFORT ON 561 00:30:01,002 --> 00:30:03,204 THE ENVIRONMENT BUT WE KNOW THE 562 00:30:03,204 --> 00:30:05,607 ENVIRONMENT PLAYS A ROLE IN OVER 563 00:30:05,607 --> 00:30:07,709 80% OF DEADLY DISEASES. 564 00:30:07,709 --> 00:30:08,944 SO DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH 565 00:30:08,944 --> 00:30:11,546 EDCs, MOST OF THE WORK HAS 566 00:30:11,546 --> 00:30:12,814 FOCUSED ON REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS 567 00:30:12,814 --> 00:30:14,482 AND FERTILITY BECAUSE OF THAT 568 00:30:14,482 --> 00:30:19,621 CRITICAL ROLE OF STEROID 569 00:30:19,621 --> 00:30:23,358 HORMONES IN DEVELOPMENT. 570 00:30:23,358 --> 00:30:26,294 EDCs PLAY A ROLE IN OBESITY, 571 00:30:26,294 --> 00:30:27,529 IMPAIRED IMMUNE FUNCTION, 572 00:30:27,529 --> 00:30:28,096 NEUROLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL 573 00:30:28,096 --> 00:30:30,799 PROBLEMS, ONE OF THE AREAS I 574 00:30:30,799 --> 00:30:31,499 WORK ON. 575 00:30:31,499 --> 00:30:34,736 THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF WORK TO 576 00:30:34,736 --> 00:30:35,503 UNDERSTANDING HOW EDCs DISRUPT 577 00:30:35,503 --> 00:30:36,905 OUR BODY. 578 00:30:36,905 --> 00:30:38,907 THIS IS A 2020 REVIEW, A BUNCH 579 00:30:38,907 --> 00:30:41,176 OF US WORKED ON. 580 00:30:41,176 --> 00:30:43,078 IDENTIFYING KEY CHARACTERISTICS 581 00:30:43,078 --> 00:30:45,113 OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION. 582 00:30:45,113 --> 00:30:47,215 IT INCLUDES MIMICKING A HORMONE 583 00:30:47,215 --> 00:30:51,586 SO YOU CAN MIMIC ESTROGEN, BLOCK 584 00:30:51,586 --> 00:30:53,989 A HORMONE, DOWNREGULATE 585 00:30:53,989 --> 00:30:55,423 RECEPTORS, UPREGULATE RECEPTORS, 586 00:30:55,423 --> 00:30:57,759 INTERFERE WITH ITS SIGNALING 587 00:30:57,759 --> 00:30:58,393 CASCADE, HAVE EPIGENETIC 588 00:30:58,393 --> 00:31:00,161 EFFECTS, PREVENT THE BODY FROM 589 00:31:00,161 --> 00:31:02,664 MAKING A HORMONE IT NEEDS, AND 590 00:31:02,664 --> 00:31:04,699 SO THE FIELD IS REALLY AT THE 591 00:31:04,699 --> 00:31:09,871 POINT WE'RE STARTING TO 592 00:31:09,871 --> 00:31:10,872 UNDERSTAND CRITICAL MECHANISMS, 593 00:31:10,872 --> 00:31:12,607 HELPING US DEVELOP IN VITRO AND 594 00:31:12,607 --> 00:31:15,043 SCREENING ASSAYS FOR CHEMICALS 595 00:31:15,043 --> 00:31:18,413 WE COULD DEPLOY. 596 00:31:18,413 --> 00:31:20,382 SO BASIC PRINCIPLES, TO CLOSE 597 00:31:20,382 --> 00:31:23,218 OUT THIS TALK, WE THINK ABOUT 598 00:31:23,218 --> 00:31:24,653 RESILIENCE, ONE, IT'S NOT THE 599 00:31:24,653 --> 00:31:27,722 DOSE THAT MAKES THE POISON, IT'S 600 00:31:27,722 --> 00:31:29,224 THE TIMING. 601 00:31:29,224 --> 00:31:31,326 SO DR. WOYCHIK MENTIONED DES IN 602 00:31:31,326 --> 00:31:32,093 HIS REMARKS. 603 00:31:32,093 --> 00:31:35,063 WE KNOW NOW THAT THE BABIES 604 00:31:35,063 --> 00:31:37,132 EXPOSED TO DES IN UTERO, BOYS 605 00:31:37,132 --> 00:31:39,334 AND GIRLS, HAVE A MUCH, MUCH 606 00:31:39,334 --> 00:31:43,071 HIGHER RISK OF A WHOLE BUNCH OF 607 00:31:43,071 --> 00:31:43,705 OTHER COMPLICATIONS, DEPENDING 608 00:31:43,705 --> 00:31:44,706 WHEN THEY WERE EXPOSED. 609 00:31:44,706 --> 00:31:47,976 THIS IS A LIST OF ALL OF THE 610 00:31:47,976 --> 00:31:49,644 THINGS DES DAUGHTERS HAVE 611 00:31:49,644 --> 00:31:51,146 EXPERIENCED BUT THAT RISK 612 00:31:51,146 --> 00:31:52,681 CHANGES DEPENDING ON WHEN THEY 613 00:31:52,681 --> 00:31:53,882 WERE EXPOSED IN PREGNANCY. 614 00:31:53,882 --> 00:31:56,384 FOR SOME THE RISK IS EVEN HIGHER 615 00:31:56,384 --> 00:31:58,920 IN LATE IN PREGNANCY, FOR SOME 616 00:31:58,920 --> 00:32:00,455 HIGHER IF EARLIER, JUST DEPENDS. 617 00:32:00,455 --> 00:32:02,624 THE SAME IS TRUE FOR DES SONS 618 00:32:02,624 --> 00:32:04,592 THAT ALSO HAVE PROBLEMS AFTER 619 00:32:04,592 --> 00:32:06,461 BEING EXPOSED IN UTERO, SO FOR 620 00:32:06,461 --> 00:32:08,329 EDCs WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT 621 00:32:08,329 --> 00:32:08,697 TIMING. 622 00:32:08,697 --> 00:32:18,640 IT'S THE TIMING THAT MAKES THE 623 00:32:18,640 --> 00:32:19,674 POISON. 624 00:32:19,674 --> 00:32:21,309 THE SECOND IS IS DIFFERENT 625 00:32:21,309 --> 00:32:23,344 SYMPTOMS, THE GOAL TO BE 626 00:32:23,344 --> 00:32:23,578 OPTIMAL. 627 00:32:23,578 --> 00:32:24,879 SO FOR HORMONES THIS IS PRETTY 628 00:32:24,879 --> 00:32:26,848 MUCH HOW THEY FUNCTION. 629 00:32:26,848 --> 00:32:30,785 YOU WANT TO BE IN OPTIMAL RANGE. 630 00:32:30,785 --> 00:32:38,626 CHEMICALS CAN HAVE NON-LINEAR 631 00:32:38,626 --> 00:32:40,628 EFFECTS ON ENDPOINTS, 632 00:32:40,628 --> 00:32:43,898 CHALLENGING FOR A FIELD THAT 633 00:32:43,898 --> 00:32:49,170 THINKS ABOUT LINEAR, FOR EDCs 634 00:32:49,170 --> 00:32:51,039 IT'S DIFFERENT. 635 00:32:51,039 --> 00:32:52,474 THIRD PRINCIPLE IS MIXTURE, 636 00:32:52,474 --> 00:32:53,875 WE'RE ALL EXPOSED, YET WE WATCH 637 00:32:53,875 --> 00:32:56,077 ONE AT A TIME. 638 00:32:56,077 --> 00:32:57,846 IT'S DIFFICULT TO UNDERSTAND HOW 639 00:32:57,846 --> 00:32:59,714 THE MIXTURE OF CHEMICALS IN OUR 640 00:32:59,714 --> 00:33:01,349 BODIES AT ANY ONE TIME ARE 641 00:33:01,349 --> 00:33:02,851 IMPACTING OUR HEALTH. 642 00:33:02,851 --> 00:33:04,519 THAT'S OBVIOUSLY GOING TO 643 00:33:04,519 --> 00:33:08,923 GLOBALLY CHANGE FOR ME, I WAS 644 00:33:08,923 --> 00:33:11,860 NORTH CAROLINA YESTERDAY, DCS 645 00:33:11,860 --> 00:33:15,130 TODAY, MIXTURES IN MY BODY HAVE 646 00:33:15,130 --> 00:33:23,138 CHANGED, DIFFICULT TO GET A 647 00:33:23,138 --> 00:33:25,540 HANDLE ON EXPOSURE. 648 00:33:25,540 --> 00:33:27,075 DISORDERS COMPLICATED DISORDERS 649 00:33:27,075 --> 00:33:28,610 LIKE AUTISM, CAN HAVE MORE THAN 650 00:33:28,610 --> 00:33:29,277 ONE ETIOLOGY. 651 00:33:29,277 --> 00:33:31,780 THERE'S MORE THAN ONE WAY TO GET 652 00:33:31,780 --> 00:33:33,181 TO A DISEASE. 653 00:33:33,181 --> 00:33:39,020 AS AN EXAMPLE I BRING UP 654 00:33:39,020 --> 00:33:41,623 PLASTICS, WE'RE WRESTLING WITH 655 00:33:41,623 --> 00:33:41,956 THAT. 656 00:33:41,956 --> 00:33:44,259 PLASTIC CONTAINS A MIXTURE OF 657 00:33:44,259 --> 00:33:46,661 EDCs AND TENDS TO ABSORB, AS 658 00:33:46,661 --> 00:33:48,963 WE CONSUME AND ARE EXPOSED TO 659 00:33:48,963 --> 00:33:52,033 MORE MICROPLASTICS IT'S A GREAT 660 00:33:52,033 --> 00:33:53,668 CONDUIT FOR BRINGING EDCs INTO 661 00:33:53,668 --> 00:33:54,335 OUR BODY. 662 00:33:54,335 --> 00:33:57,806 FINALLY WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT 663 00:33:57,806 --> 00:34:04,078 SYSTEMS, THE OVARY CAN'T OVULATE 664 00:34:04,078 --> 00:34:05,613 WITHOUT THE BRAIN. 665 00:34:05,613 --> 00:34:11,286 MOM SUCKS DOWN AN EDC COCKTAIL, 666 00:34:11,286 --> 00:34:13,454 FLAME RETARDANTS, TOUCHES THE 667 00:34:13,454 --> 00:34:14,856 FETAL BRAIN, EASY EXPERIMENT. 668 00:34:14,856 --> 00:34:17,192 THAT'S NEVER HOW THAT WORKS. 669 00:34:17,192 --> 00:34:21,529 CHEMICAL COCKTAIL COULD IMPACT 670 00:34:21,529 --> 00:34:27,368 MOM, SHE COULD DEVELOP MATERNAL 671 00:34:27,368 --> 00:34:28,670 HYPERTENSION, OR LOW BIRTH 672 00:34:28,670 --> 00:34:31,005 WEIGHT BABY, OR AS WE'RE WORKING 673 00:34:31,005 --> 00:34:34,576 ON, YOU CAN DISRUPT THE 674 00:34:34,576 --> 00:34:36,678 PLACENTA, WE HAVE FLAME 675 00:34:36,678 --> 00:34:37,345 RETARDANDS THAT DISRUPT 676 00:34:37,345 --> 00:34:39,013 NEUROTRANSMITTER PRODUCTION IN 677 00:34:39,013 --> 00:34:40,515 THE PLACENTA WHICH IMPACTS 678 00:34:40,515 --> 00:34:42,050 DEVELOPMENT OF THE FETAL BRAIN. 679 00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:43,785 CHEMICALS DO NOT MAKE IT TO THE 680 00:34:43,785 --> 00:34:44,552 FETAL BRAIN. 681 00:34:44,552 --> 00:34:47,322 BECAUSE THEY ACT ON THE PLACENTA 682 00:34:47,322 --> 00:34:48,423 WE SEE SIGNIFICANT NEURAL 683 00:34:48,423 --> 00:34:49,390 DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS. 684 00:34:49,390 --> 00:34:53,027 WITH EDCs YOU HAVE TO THINK 685 00:34:53,027 --> 00:34:54,562 ABOUT SYSTEMS. 686 00:34:54,562 --> 00:34:56,631 HOW DO WE FIND AGENCY? 687 00:34:56,631 --> 00:34:58,733 THINGS TO THING ABOUT CRITICAL 688 00:34:58,733 --> 00:34:59,033 WINDOWS. 689 00:34:59,033 --> 00:35:03,204 THERE ARE TIMES OUR BODIES ARE 690 00:35:03,204 --> 00:35:05,173 MORE SENSITIVE THAN AT OTHER 691 00:35:05,173 --> 00:35:05,607 TIMES. 692 00:35:05,607 --> 00:35:13,181 SO WE DON'T DRINK ALCOHOL OR 693 00:35:13,181 --> 00:35:14,482 SMOKE CIGARETTES WHEN PREGNANT, 694 00:35:14,482 --> 00:35:15,884 YOU DON'T PUT A 2-YEAR-OLD ON 695 00:35:15,884 --> 00:35:17,318 BIRTH CONTROL. 696 00:35:17,318 --> 00:35:18,953 WE CAN LEVERAGE THIS KNOWLEDGE 697 00:35:18,953 --> 00:35:21,155 ABOUT CRITICAL WINDOWS TO 698 00:35:21,155 --> 00:35:22,357 PROVIDE SAFETY AND RESILIENCE 699 00:35:22,357 --> 00:35:27,061 KNOWING SOME EXPOSURES CAN BE 700 00:35:27,061 --> 00:35:27,729 MANAGED, LABELING HELPS. 701 00:35:27,729 --> 00:35:34,369 AS WE GET MORE LABELS IT'S 702 00:35:34,369 --> 00:35:37,972 EASIER TO FOR AVOIDANCE. 703 00:35:37,972 --> 00:35:40,008 NOT ALL EDCS ARE ANTHROPOGENIC, 704 00:35:40,008 --> 00:35:41,409 NATURAL DOESN'T ALWAYS MEAN 705 00:35:41,409 --> 00:35:41,643 GOOD. 706 00:35:41,643 --> 00:35:46,014 I DON'T WANT POISON IVY EXTRACT 707 00:35:46,014 --> 00:35:54,322 IN MY FACE CREAM AND NONE OF US 708 00:35:54,322 --> 00:35:56,391 WANT RATTLESNAKE POISON. 709 00:35:56,391 --> 00:36:00,561 IT WAS CONSUMER DEMAND, NOT 710 00:36:00,561 --> 00:36:11,039 REGULATORY ACTION, THAT GOT 711 00:36:12,774 --> 00:36:16,878 BUSINESS PHENOL A OUT OF BABY 712 00:36:16,878 --> 00:36:17,111 BOTTLES. 713 00:36:17,111 --> 00:36:18,212 AS WE MOVE TO UNDERSTAND 714 00:36:18,212 --> 00:36:19,948 MECHANISMS WE NEED TO GET OUT OF 715 00:36:19,948 --> 00:36:22,517 THE MINDSET IN THE REGULATORY 716 00:36:22,517 --> 00:36:24,052 FRAMEWORK DEALING WITH POISONS 717 00:36:24,052 --> 00:36:25,687 INTO DEALING WITH OTHER TYPES OF 718 00:36:25,687 --> 00:36:29,057 CHEMICALS THAT CAUSE HARM 719 00:36:29,057 --> 00:36:30,725 INCLUDING EECs. 720 00:36:30,725 --> 00:36:32,694 I WANT TO THANK ALL OF YOU FOR 721 00:36:32,694 --> 00:36:33,995 THE OPPORTUNITY TO SPEAK. 722 00:36:33,995 --> 00:36:36,431 I ALSO WANTED TO POINT OUT A 723 00:36:36,431 --> 00:36:37,832 COUPLE OF PUBLICATIONS THAT ARE 724 00:36:37,832 --> 00:36:40,735 WRITTEN FOR A MORE GENERAL 725 00:36:40,735 --> 00:36:42,437 AUDIENCE, SO IF YOU WANT TO 726 00:36:42,437 --> 00:36:44,405 LEARN MORE ABOUT EDCs OR SHARE 727 00:36:44,405 --> 00:36:46,074 THE KNOWLEDGE WITH COMMUNITY 728 00:36:46,074 --> 00:36:47,575 GROUPS, THE PLASTICS AND HEALTH 729 00:36:47,575 --> 00:36:49,877 PUBLICATION ON THE LEFT AND THAT 730 00:36:49,877 --> 00:36:51,079 INTRODUCTION TO EDCs ON THE 731 00:36:51,079 --> 00:36:53,815 RIGHT WAS PROJECTS DONE BY THE 732 00:36:53,815 --> 00:36:55,917 ENDOCRINE SOCIETY IN PARTNERSHIP 733 00:36:55,917 --> 00:36:57,986 WITH THE INTERNATIONAL POLLUTION 734 00:36:57,986 --> 00:36:58,753 ELIMINATION NETWORK, REALLY 735 00:36:58,753 --> 00:37:02,690 WRITTEN TO MAKE THE SCIENCE VERY 736 00:37:02,690 --> 00:37:04,225 DIGESTIBLE, IT'S FACT ORIENTED, 737 00:37:04,225 --> 00:37:04,892 WRITTEN IN MULTIPLE LANGUAGES. 738 00:37:04,892 --> 00:37:07,095 IF YOU WORK WITH GROUPS WHERE 739 00:37:07,095 --> 00:37:08,496 ENGLISH IS NOT THEIR FIRST 740 00:37:08,496 --> 00:37:09,564 LANGUAGE BUT THEY ARE INTERESTED 741 00:37:09,564 --> 00:37:13,201 IN THE TOPIC THESE ARE TWO 742 00:37:13,201 --> 00:37:14,302 APPROACHABLE GREAT PUBLICATIONS 743 00:37:14,302 --> 00:37:16,804 THAT YOU'LL FIND USEFUL. 744 00:37:16,804 --> 00:37:19,007 I THANK NIEHS FOR FUNDING NEARLY 745 00:37:19,007 --> 00:37:28,516 ALL OF THIS WORK. 746 00:37:28,516 --> 00:37:30,451 THANKS. 747 00:37:30,451 --> 00:37:31,019 >> THANK YOU. 748 00:37:31,019 --> 00:37:34,288 THAT WAS EBBS LENT. 749 00:37:34,288 --> 00:37:39,761 I'D LIKE TO NOW INTRODUCE DR. 750 00:37:39,761 --> 00:37:41,529 ROB SARGI 751 00:37:41,529 --> 00:37:44,465 FROM UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 752 00:37:44,465 --> 00:37:46,000 HOSPITAL AND HEALTH SCIENTISTS. 753 00:37:46,000 --> 00:37:47,602 WE REALIZE THERE WAS A GIVE YOU 754 00:37:47,602 --> 00:37:49,637 WERE HEARING SPANISH ON THE 755 00:37:49,637 --> 00:37:50,138 ENGLISH CHANNEL. 756 00:37:50,138 --> 00:37:51,839 HOPEFULLY THAT'S BEEN FIXED. 757 00:37:51,839 --> 00:37:55,743 IF YOU'RE BILINGUAL YOU ENJOYED 758 00:37:55,743 --> 00:37:57,945 IT OR IF YOU'RE LEARNING SPANISH 759 00:37:57,945 --> 00:38:00,681 LIKE ME MAYBE IT WAS AN ADDED 760 00:38:00,681 --> 00:38:02,016 BONUS FOR THE WORKSHOP. 761 00:38:02,016 --> 00:38:06,687 SO, ROB? 762 00:38:06,687 --> 00:38:08,589 >> GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE. 763 00:38:08,589 --> 00:38:10,658 I'M DELIGHTED TO BE HERE. 764 00:38:10,658 --> 00:38:12,393 THIS IS A BIG DEAL IN THE FIELD 765 00:38:12,393 --> 00:38:14,495 AND AN IMPORTANT POINT MOVING 766 00:38:14,495 --> 00:38:17,331 FORWARD AS WE FIGURE OUT WHAT 767 00:38:17,331 --> 00:38:19,133 ACTIONS TO TAKE TO MITIGATE 768 00:38:19,133 --> 00:38:22,703 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS. 769 00:38:22,703 --> 00:38:27,308 I DO CONSULTING WORK FOR CVS 770 00:38:27,308 --> 00:38:28,843 HEALTH, BY WAY OF DISCLOSURE, 771 00:38:28,843 --> 00:38:31,245 ALSO A FIGURES AT V.A. BUT I'M 772 00:38:31,245 --> 00:38:35,383 NOT TALKING IN THAT OFFICIAL 773 00:38:35,383 --> 00:38:35,650 CAPACITY. 774 00:38:35,650 --> 00:38:38,019 I DO WORK CENTERED ON THE FACT I 775 00:38:38,019 --> 00:38:40,054 WORK IN AN OPPRESSOR COMMUNITY 776 00:38:40,054 --> 00:38:41,422 THAT GETS ELECTRICITY FROM COAL, 777 00:38:41,422 --> 00:38:42,723 WE'RE WORKING TO FIGHT AGAINST 778 00:38:42,723 --> 00:38:43,291 THAT. 779 00:38:43,291 --> 00:38:48,296 THEMAIN REASON I'M HERE IS IN 780 00:38:48,296 --> 00:38:50,164 LINE WITH MY LAB AND CAREER 781 00:38:50,164 --> 00:38:58,039 UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMANS ALTER 782 00:38:58,039 --> 00:38:59,340 HUMAN HEALTH. 783 00:38:59,340 --> 00:39:01,776 OUR GOAL IS TO FIGURE OUT WAYS 784 00:39:01,776 --> 00:39:09,550 TO TRANSLATE KNOWLEDGE WE GAIN 785 00:39:09,550 --> 00:39:11,185 ABOUT ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS. 786 00:39:11,185 --> 00:39:12,487 I THINK IT'S CRITICAL TO THINK 787 00:39:12,487 --> 00:39:19,627 AS WE THINK ABOUT THESE 788 00:39:19,627 --> 00:39:20,595 INTERVENTIONS THE CONTEXT IN 789 00:39:20,595 --> 00:39:22,230 WHICH WE'RE HAVING THIS 790 00:39:22,230 --> 00:39:23,498 DISCUSSION, THAT NEEDS TO 791 00:39:23,498 --> 00:39:25,533 ACKNOWLEDGE THE FACT THE MOST 792 00:39:25,533 --> 00:39:27,602 EFFICIENT AND JUST APPROACH FOR 793 00:39:27,602 --> 00:39:29,237 ADDRESSING HEALTH THREATS OF 794 00:39:29,237 --> 00:39:32,940 EDCs IS THROUGH PUBLIC POLICY 795 00:39:32,940 --> 00:39:33,508 AND REGULATORY ACTION, 796 00:39:33,508 --> 00:39:35,143 IMPORTANTLY PUBLIC POLICY AND 797 00:39:35,143 --> 00:39:36,777 REGULATORY ACTION THAT SPANS 798 00:39:36,777 --> 00:39:39,413 GEOGRAPHIC BARRIERS TAKING INTO 799 00:39:39,413 --> 00:39:42,049 ACCOUNT BIOGEO CHEMICAL CYCLES 800 00:39:42,049 --> 00:39:42,850 THAT SPREAD ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS 801 00:39:42,850 --> 00:39:47,288 AROUND THE WORLD. 802 00:39:47,288 --> 00:39:48,389 OUR CURRENT POLITICAL AND 803 00:39:48,389 --> 00:39:49,257 ECONOMIC SYSTEM FAILED TO 804 00:39:49,257 --> 00:39:50,691 PROTECT PUBLIC HEALTH. 805 00:39:50,691 --> 00:39:52,326 WE HAVE EXPOSURES THAT DATE BACK 806 00:39:52,326 --> 00:39:53,361 IN HISTORY THAT STILL CIRCULATE 807 00:39:53,361 --> 00:39:54,729 IN OUR BODIES THAT WE NEED TO 808 00:39:54,729 --> 00:40:00,668 FIGURE OUT WAYS TO ADDRESS. 809 00:40:00,668 --> 00:40:03,404 WE NEED TO COUPLE WITH THE 810 00:40:03,404 --> 00:40:04,272 INTERVENTION APPROACH. 811 00:40:04,272 --> 00:40:06,340 WHEN I START TO THINK ABOUT HOW 812 00:40:06,340 --> 00:40:10,912 OUR SYSTEM HAS FAILED I'M 813 00:40:10,912 --> 00:40:14,882 REMINDED OF FANNIE LOU HAMER, AN 814 00:40:14,882 --> 00:40:19,587 ACTIVIST WHO GAVE THIS FAMOUS 815 00:40:19,587 --> 00:40:22,223 SPEECH 60 YEARS AGO IN HARLEM 816 00:40:22,223 --> 00:40:23,624 THAT WAS TITLED "I'M SICK AND 817 00:40:23,624 --> 00:40:27,128 TIRED OF BEING SICK AND TIRED." 818 00:40:27,128 --> 00:40:28,896 I THINK THIS UNDERSCORES WHAT I 819 00:40:28,896 --> 00:40:30,298 FEEL SEEING PATIENTS WHICH IS 820 00:40:30,298 --> 00:40:32,934 THIS FACT THAT WE HAVE THESE 821 00:40:32,934 --> 00:40:36,771 FOLKS THAT WE'RE CARING FOR, FOR 822 00:40:36,771 --> 00:40:39,073 WHOM WE'RE NOT DOING ENOUGH AS A 823 00:40:39,073 --> 00:40:39,307 SYSTEM. 824 00:40:39,307 --> 00:40:41,142 AS A PHYSICIAN, WE'RE NOT DOING 825 00:40:41,142 --> 00:40:42,143 ENOUGH TO GIVE PATIENTS ADVICE 826 00:40:42,143 --> 00:40:44,645 ABOUT WHAT THEY CAN DO TO 827 00:40:44,645 --> 00:40:45,446 MITIGATE EFFECTS OF THE 828 00:40:45,446 --> 00:40:48,916 EXPOSURES THEY MAY NOT HAVE 829 00:40:48,916 --> 00:40:50,351 AGENCY TO ACTUALLY ADDRESS. 830 00:40:50,351 --> 00:40:52,653 PART OF THE REASON I THINK THIS 831 00:40:52,653 --> 00:40:53,988 SYMPOSIUM IS SO IMPORTANT IS WE 832 00:40:53,988 --> 00:40:58,025 NEED TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO GIVE 833 00:40:58,025 --> 00:40:59,460 THESE FOLKS POWER TO GET THEIR 834 00:40:59,460 --> 00:41:01,095 HEALTH BACK, A BIG REASON I'M 835 00:41:01,095 --> 00:41:03,397 EXCITED TO BE HERE TODAY. 836 00:41:03,397 --> 00:41:05,299 THE OTHER THING THAT'S IMPORTANT 837 00:41:05,299 --> 00:41:08,302 IS THAT WE NEED TO RECOGNIZE 838 00:41:08,302 --> 00:41:12,373 WHERE THE FIELD OF ENDOCRINE 839 00:41:12,373 --> 00:41:15,009 DISRUPTORS IS AND HOW THERE IS 840 00:41:15,009 --> 00:41:16,110 NOT UNIFORM AGREEMENT THAT THIS 841 00:41:16,110 --> 00:41:17,745 IS A THING. 842 00:41:17,745 --> 00:41:21,015 SO THERE'S BEEN A LOT OF DENIAL 843 00:41:21,015 --> 00:41:21,849 ABOUT ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 844 00:41:21,849 --> 00:41:23,851 ACTION THAT IS VERY MUCH AKIN TO 845 00:41:23,851 --> 00:41:24,852 CLIMATE CHANGE. 846 00:41:24,852 --> 00:41:29,223 WHEN WE START TO THINK ABOUT HOW 847 00:41:29,223 --> 00:41:30,324 FOLKS ARE HAVING CONVERSATIONS 848 00:41:30,324 --> 00:41:31,959 ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE THERE'S 849 00:41:31,959 --> 00:41:32,693 INTERESTING ILLUSTRATIONS ABOUT 850 00:41:32,693 --> 00:41:36,464 THE WAYS WE NEED TO EMPOWER OUR 851 00:41:36,464 --> 00:41:39,867 SCIENCE IN ORDER TO RESIST 852 00:41:39,867 --> 00:41:42,703 RESISTANCE FROM CORPORATIONS AND 853 00:41:42,703 --> 00:41:45,139 POLLUTERS ABOUT WHAT THIS MEANS. 854 00:41:45,139 --> 00:41:51,545 THIS IS A STUDY CONDUCTED BY 855 00:41:51,545 --> 00:41:54,882 CENTER FOR COUNTERING DIGITAL 856 00:41:54,882 --> 00:41:59,787 HATE, THEY SAW A SHIFT FROM OLD 857 00:41:59,787 --> 00:42:02,857 DENIAL WHICH INCLUDED CLIMATE 858 00:42:02,857 --> 00:42:04,125 CHANGE WASN'T HAPPENING OR 859 00:42:04,125 --> 00:42:05,493 HUMANS WEREN'T RESPONSIBLE TO 860 00:42:05,493 --> 00:42:09,030 THE RISE OF NEW DENIAL, EFFECTS 861 00:42:09,030 --> 00:42:11,399 ARE BENEFICIAL OR AT WORST 862 00:42:11,399 --> 00:42:13,501 HARMLESS, CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE 863 00:42:13,501 --> 00:42:15,903 IS UNRELIABLE OR CLIMATE CHANGE 864 00:42:15,903 --> 00:42:16,704 SOLUTIONS DON'T WORK. 865 00:42:16,704 --> 00:42:18,973 AND SO AS WE THINK ABOUT THE 866 00:42:18,973 --> 00:42:19,607 INTERVENTIONS THAT WE'RE GOING 867 00:42:19,607 --> 00:42:21,909 TO TALK ABOUT I THINK IT'S 868 00:42:21,909 --> 00:42:24,412 INCUMBENT UPON US TO SHOW THAT 869 00:42:24,412 --> 00:42:26,080 OUR INTERVENTIONS WORK IN ORDER 870 00:42:26,080 --> 00:42:29,016 TO MAKE SURE WE'RE ADDRESSING 871 00:42:29,016 --> 00:42:31,819 THE CONTROVERSIES THAT MAY 872 00:42:31,819 --> 00:42:32,086 ARISE. 873 00:42:32,086 --> 00:42:38,326 THIS IS ILLUSTRATIVE OF WHAT WE 874 00:42:38,326 --> 00:42:39,727 NEED TO DO MOVING FORWARD. 875 00:42:39,727 --> 00:42:43,030 HEATHER WENT THROUGH THIS. 876 00:42:43,030 --> 00:42:44,332 THE SCOPE IS ENORMOUS. 877 00:42:44,332 --> 00:42:47,501 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT SO MANY 878 00:42:47,501 --> 00:42:51,238 CHEMICALS FOLKS ARE EXPOSED TO 879 00:42:51,238 --> 00:42:52,106 THROUGH INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY, 880 00:42:52,106 --> 00:42:53,107 AGRICULTURE AND FOOD, PERSONAL 881 00:42:53,107 --> 00:42:55,109 AND HOME CARE PRODUCTS. 882 00:42:55,109 --> 00:42:58,913 ONE THING IS EXPOSURES THAT 883 00:42:58,913 --> 00:43:03,084 OCCUR THROUGH MEDICAL CARE, 884 00:43:03,084 --> 00:43:04,185 THROUGH MEDICATIONS, OFF-TARGET 885 00:43:04,185 --> 00:43:05,486 EFFECTS OF ADJUVANTS AND 886 00:43:05,486 --> 00:43:06,787 PLASTICS WE USE. 887 00:43:06,787 --> 00:43:10,424 WHAT'S IMPORTANT IS THESE 888 00:43:10,424 --> 00:43:11,525 EXPOSURES, MYRIAD EXPOSURES 889 00:43:11,525 --> 00:43:13,394 OCCUR ACROSS THE LIFESPAN, 890 00:43:13,394 --> 00:43:15,463 EFFECTS MAY BE DIFFERENT 891 00:43:15,463 --> 00:43:16,764 DEPENDING ON ORGANIZATIONAL 892 00:43:16,764 --> 00:43:19,066 EFFECTS IN SENSITIVE WINDOWS OF 893 00:43:19,066 --> 00:43:20,067 DEVELOPMENT OR ACTIVATIONAL 894 00:43:20,067 --> 00:43:22,670 EFFECTS LATER IN LIFE. 895 00:43:22,670 --> 00:43:24,972 END RESULT IS THAT WE HAVE 896 00:43:24,972 --> 00:43:26,607 EVIDENCE LINKING EDCs TO A 897 00:43:26,607 --> 00:43:29,343 VARIETY OF FORMS OF ENDOCRINE 898 00:43:29,343 --> 00:43:32,980 DISRUPTION, HEATHER TALKED ABOUT 899 00:43:32,980 --> 00:43:38,219 NEUROBEHAVIOR ABNORMALITIES, 900 00:43:38,219 --> 00:43:38,986 CARDIOMETABOLIC, ADRENAL 901 00:43:38,986 --> 00:43:39,954 DISRUPTION, LIVER DISEASE, THE 902 00:43:39,954 --> 00:43:40,821 WHOLE BIT. 903 00:43:40,821 --> 00:43:48,729 THE SCALE OF THIS PROBLEM IS 904 00:43:48,729 --> 00:43:50,464 ACTUALLY QUITE ENORMOUS. 905 00:43:50,464 --> 00:43:51,999 IT'S HELPFUL TO UNDERSTAND WHERE 906 00:43:51,999 --> 00:43:53,868 IS CLINICAL PRACTICE IN TERMS OF 907 00:43:53,868 --> 00:43:56,604 HOW WE'RE GOING TO ADDRESS 908 00:43:56,604 --> 00:43:58,606 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 909 00:43:58,606 --> 00:44:01,342 SO WE CONDUCTED THIS SCOPING 910 00:44:01,342 --> 00:44:05,713 REVIEW WE PRESENTED AT THE END 911 00:44:05,713 --> 00:44:07,248 CONTRIBUTE SOCIETY LAST YEAR 912 00:44:07,248 --> 00:44:11,952 LOOKING AT 60 CRITICAL PRACTICE 913 00:44:11,952 --> 00:44:15,122 GUIDELINES FROM 2007 TO 2023, 914 00:44:15,122 --> 00:44:16,791 GUIDELINES CLINICIANS USE TO 915 00:44:16,791 --> 00:44:19,527 TELL PATIENTS HOW TO CARE FOR 916 00:44:19,527 --> 00:44:20,928 THEMSELVES, WHAT TREATMENTS ARE 917 00:44:20,928 --> 00:44:21,262 BEST. 918 00:44:21,262 --> 00:44:24,498 WHAT WE FOUND WAS THAT THERE WAS 919 00:44:24,498 --> 00:44:27,034 MUCH NON-SPECIFIC MENTION OF THE 920 00:44:27,034 --> 00:44:30,004 ENVIRONMENT BUT NEARLY ALL OF IT 921 00:44:30,004 --> 00:44:30,571 WAS UNRELATED TO CHEMICAL 922 00:44:30,571 --> 00:44:32,006 EXPOSURES IN ANY WAY. 923 00:44:32,006 --> 00:44:34,308 THERE WAS MINIMAL MENTION OF 924 00:44:34,308 --> 00:44:38,145 EXPOSURES SPECIFICALLY LINKED TO 925 00:44:38,145 --> 00:44:41,982 DISEASE, AND ZERO MENTION OF 926 00:44:41,982 --> 00:44:44,718 INDIVIDUAL LEVEL INTERVENTIONS 927 00:44:44,718 --> 00:44:46,020 TO ADDRESS ADVERSE 928 00:44:46,020 --> 00:44:47,555 CARDIOMETABOLIC IMPACTS OF 929 00:44:47,555 --> 00:44:48,222 EDCs. 930 00:44:48,222 --> 00:44:50,624 THERE'S A HUGE GAP IN WHAT 931 00:44:50,624 --> 00:44:56,730 CRITICAL CONDITION 932 00:44:56,730 --> 00:44:58,699 -- IN 933 00:44:58,699 --> 00:45:00,367 WHAT WE KNOW AND TRANSLATED INTO 934 00:45:00,367 --> 00:45:00,801 TREATMENT. 935 00:45:00,801 --> 00:45:04,939 WHEN YOU LIVE IN THIS ECO-SYSTEM 936 00:45:04,939 --> 00:45:06,807 IGNORANCE, IT'S OFTEN HARD TO 937 00:45:06,807 --> 00:45:08,275 HAVE THESE CONVERSATIONS. 938 00:45:08,275 --> 00:45:10,644 I WAS SUPER EXCITED WHEN THE 939 00:45:10,644 --> 00:45:13,280 NATIONAL ACADEMIES CAME OUT WITH 940 00:45:13,280 --> 00:45:16,217 THEIR STATEMENT, GUIDANCE OF 941 00:45:16,217 --> 00:45:18,285 PFAS EXPOSURE TESTING AND 942 00:45:18,285 --> 00:45:20,154 CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP, THE FIRST 943 00:45:20,154 --> 00:45:22,790 MOVE TO REALLY GET ENDOCRINE 944 00:45:22,790 --> 00:45:24,425 DISRUPTING SCIENCE INTO A MORE 945 00:45:24,425 --> 00:45:25,960 CLINICAL FRAMEWORK FOR US TO 946 00:45:25,960 --> 00:45:29,563 CARE FOR OUR PATIENTS. 947 00:45:29,563 --> 00:45:33,834 SO, THIS IS ONE STEP, IT'S ONE 948 00:45:33,834 --> 00:45:36,570 CLASS OF CHEMICALS, ARGUABLY A 949 00:45:36,570 --> 00:45:37,671 VERY IMPORTANT CLASS THAT'S 950 00:45:37,671 --> 00:45:38,772 HIGHLY RELEVANT TO HUMAN HEALTH 951 00:45:38,772 --> 00:45:43,911 BUT WHAT IT REPRESENTS IN TERMS 952 00:45:43,911 --> 00:45:45,446 OF TRANSITION OF GETTING 953 00:45:45,446 --> 00:45:47,848 HEALTHCARE ENGAGED IN SCIENCE 954 00:45:47,848 --> 00:45:49,583 AND MANAGEMENT IS FUNDAMENTALLY 955 00:45:49,583 --> 00:45:49,984 IMPORTANT. 956 00:45:49,984 --> 00:45:51,218 HOPEFULLY WE'LL SEE MORE WITH 957 00:45:51,218 --> 00:45:57,892 REGARD TO THIS MOVING FORWARD. 958 00:45:57,892 --> 00:45:59,226 IF WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT 959 00:45:59,226 --> 00:46:00,528 INTERVENTION IT'S NICE TO KNOW 960 00:46:00,528 --> 00:46:01,962 WHAT WORKS. 961 00:46:01,962 --> 00:46:02,630 WHAT'S EXCITING IS WE'RE 962 00:46:02,630 --> 00:46:04,198 BRINGING PEOPLE TOGETHER WHO 963 00:46:04,198 --> 00:46:06,934 HAVE DONE REALLY EXCITING 964 00:46:06,934 --> 00:46:09,236 SCIENCE RELATED TO INTERVENTIONS 965 00:46:09,236 --> 00:46:11,972 THAT COULD SPECIFICALLY 966 00:46:11,972 --> 00:46:13,140 ATTENUATE ADVERSE EFFECTS. 967 00:46:13,140 --> 00:46:14,808 WE'VE LOOKED AT THIS AND 968 00:46:14,808 --> 00:46:20,848 PUBLISHED A COUPLE PAPERS IN 969 00:46:20,848 --> 00:46:22,683 2019, AND MORE RECENTLY WITH 970 00:46:22,683 --> 00:46:24,218 LEO, AS WE'RE TRYING TO GET THIS 971 00:46:24,218 --> 00:46:26,620 ISSUE INTO THE WORLD OF INTERNAL 972 00:46:26,620 --> 00:46:28,923 MEDICINE WHERE I OPERATE. 973 00:46:28,923 --> 00:46:30,224 AND WHAT'S EXCITING IS THAT 974 00:46:30,224 --> 00:46:34,395 THERE'S QUITE A BIT OF EVIDENCE, 975 00:46:34,395 --> 00:46:39,567 BUT HOW WE APPROACH THIS, HOW IT 976 00:46:39,567 --> 00:46:41,835 TAKES CONTEXTUAL FRAMING, WHAT I 977 00:46:41,835 --> 00:46:44,338 WOULD ARGUE IS WHAT WE WANT TO 978 00:46:44,338 --> 00:46:46,640 CONSIDER OUR VARIOUS DIFFERENT 979 00:46:46,640 --> 00:46:48,709 APPROACHES FOR MITIGATING 980 00:46:48,709 --> 00:46:49,910 ADVERSE EFFECTS, BUILDING 981 00:46:49,910 --> 00:46:50,611 RESILIENCE, LOWERING EXPOSURES, 982 00:46:50,611 --> 00:46:52,980 SO WHEN WE THINK ABOUT DIFFERENT 983 00:46:52,980 --> 00:47:00,421 PRIMARY GOALS WE CAN THINK ABOUT 984 00:47:00,421 --> 00:47:05,459 REDUCING AND ELIMINATING 985 00:47:05,459 --> 00:47:07,428 EXPOSURE, MODIFYING INTAKE, 986 00:47:07,428 --> 00:47:09,930 MITIGATE IMPACTS AND FACILITATE 987 00:47:09,930 --> 00:47:10,598 REMOVAL. 988 00:47:10,598 --> 00:47:11,131 AS WE CONCEPTUALIZE 989 00:47:11,131 --> 00:47:12,333 INTERVENTIONS IT'S IMPORTANT TO 990 00:47:12,333 --> 00:47:13,867 THINK ABOUT WHAT WE'RE TALKING 991 00:47:13,867 --> 00:47:14,335 ABOUT. 992 00:47:14,335 --> 00:47:17,037 SO ARE WE TALKING ABOUT 993 00:47:17,037 --> 00:47:18,439 NON-PERSISTENT POLLUTANTS LIKELY 994 00:47:18,439 --> 00:47:20,908 TO BE RAPIDLY CLEARED OR TALKING 995 00:47:20,908 --> 00:47:22,309 ABOUT PERSISTENT POLLUTANTS THAT 996 00:47:22,309 --> 00:47:23,310 WILL BIOACCUMULATE AND BE AROUND 997 00:47:23,310 --> 00:47:24,078 FOR A WHILE? 998 00:47:24,078 --> 00:47:26,780 THE VALUE OF EACH OF THESE 999 00:47:26,780 --> 00:47:29,316 INTERVENTIONS WILL VARY BASED ON 1000 00:47:29,316 --> 00:47:30,851 EXPOSURES THAT WE'RE 1001 00:47:30,851 --> 00:47:31,652 SPECIFICALLY TALKING ABOUT. 1002 00:47:31,652 --> 00:47:34,154 AND THEN IF WE THINK ABOUT SORT 1003 00:47:34,154 --> 00:47:36,690 OF THIS TRAJECTORY, AS ONE MOVES 1004 00:47:36,690 --> 00:47:38,092 FROM EXPOSURE TO DISEASE, THERE 1005 00:47:38,092 --> 00:47:40,294 ARE DIFFERENT POINTS AT WHICH WE 1006 00:47:40,294 --> 00:47:42,162 CAN INTERVENE THAT MAY HAVE MORE 1007 00:47:42,162 --> 00:47:46,000 OR LESS IMPACT. 1008 00:47:46,000 --> 00:47:47,534 SO OBVIOUSLY REDUCING EXPOSURES 1009 00:47:47,534 --> 00:47:49,169 IS A CORE ASPECT BUT MAYBE 1010 00:47:49,169 --> 00:47:54,441 THERE'S ALSO WAYS WE CAN 1011 00:47:54,441 --> 00:47:57,211 INTERVENE TO ANTAGONIZE ADVERSE 1012 00:47:57,211 --> 00:47:59,947 PROGRAMMING EVENTS THAT OCCUR 1013 00:47:59,947 --> 00:48:01,148 DURING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES 1014 00:48:01,148 --> 00:48:03,417 INDUCED IN DEVELOPMENT. 1015 00:48:03,417 --> 00:48:06,220 CAN WE MODIFY MATERNAL 1016 00:48:06,220 --> 00:48:07,287 METABOLISM, LIFESTYLE, 1017 00:48:07,287 --> 00:48:09,323 NUTRITION, TO LOWER THE 1018 00:48:09,323 --> 00:48:10,991 EXPOSURES OF DEVELOPING FETUSES 1019 00:48:10,991 --> 00:48:11,759 AND INFANTS? 1020 00:48:11,759 --> 00:48:14,061 WHAT TYPE OF DIETARY AND 1021 00:48:14,061 --> 00:48:16,363 LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS CAN WE 1022 00:48:16,363 --> 00:48:19,433 ENGAGE IN AFTER ADULTHOOD, EARLY 1023 00:48:19,433 --> 00:48:20,434 CHILDHOOD, TO MITIGATE EFFECT? 1024 00:48:20,434 --> 00:48:22,536 AND FOR SOME OF THESE THINGS 1025 00:48:22,536 --> 00:48:26,140 PERSISTENT WHAT CAN WE DO TO 1026 00:48:26,140 --> 00:48:27,975 ACTUALLY LOWER EDCs, 1027 00:48:27,975 --> 00:48:28,842 FACILITATE ELIMINATION? 1028 00:48:28,842 --> 00:48:31,712 AND THE END RESULT IS AS WE 1029 00:48:31,712 --> 00:48:34,581 UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISMS BY 1030 00:48:34,581 --> 00:48:35,582 WHICH ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS 1031 00:48:35,582 --> 00:48:38,085 EXPERT EFFECTS ARE THERE 1032 00:48:38,085 --> 00:48:39,620 MECHANISM-BASED INTERVENTIONS 1033 00:48:39,620 --> 00:48:43,123 THAT CAN TARGET PATHWAYS TO 1034 00:48:43,123 --> 00:48:45,959 PROMOTE DISEASE POST EXPOSURE? 1035 00:48:45,959 --> 00:48:49,029 THE GOOD NEWS IS, AND THIS IS 1036 00:48:49,029 --> 00:48:49,963 IMPORTANT, THERE'S EVIDENCE TO 1037 00:48:49,963 --> 00:48:52,900 SUGGEST THAT ALL OF THESE ARE 1038 00:48:52,900 --> 00:48:54,702 OPTIONS, THAT THERE'S DATA TO 1039 00:48:54,702 --> 00:48:56,904 SUGGEST THAT WE CAN DO EACH OF 1040 00:48:56,904 --> 00:48:58,605 THESE THINGS TO MITIGATE 1041 00:48:58,605 --> 00:48:58,972 EFFECTS. 1042 00:48:58,972 --> 00:49:00,207 THERE HAVE BEEN VARIOUS 1043 00:49:00,207 --> 00:49:02,376 INTERVENTIONS TRIED TO LOOK AT 1044 00:49:02,376 --> 00:49:03,544 EXPOSURE REDUCTION STRATEGIES, 1045 00:49:03,544 --> 00:49:05,879 SHOWING CAPACITY OF SOME OF 1046 00:49:05,879 --> 00:49:12,453 THESE TO LOWER PTHALATES, 1047 00:49:12,453 --> 00:49:15,956 PHENOLS, UV FILTERS, TRICLOSAN. 1048 00:49:15,956 --> 00:49:18,726 SUPPLEMENTATION WITH METHYL 1049 00:49:18,726 --> 00:49:22,196 DONORS CAN ANTAGONIZE PROGRAM AS 1050 00:49:22,196 --> 00:49:23,964 BISPHENOL A EXPOSURE. 1051 00:49:23,964 --> 00:49:26,567 USING FOLATE, FISH NUTRIENTS, 1052 00:49:26,567 --> 00:49:30,637 CALCIUM AND IRON FOR MATERNAL 1053 00:49:30,637 --> 00:49:33,040 NUTRITION CAN ANTAGONIZE EFFECTS 1054 00:49:33,040 --> 00:49:34,141 OF MERCURY AND LEAD, COUNTLESS 1055 00:49:34,141 --> 00:49:37,845 STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT DIETARY 1056 00:49:37,845 --> 00:49:39,379 SUPPLEMENTS WITH ATTENUATE 1057 00:49:39,379 --> 00:49:42,683 TOXICITY OF COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL 1058 00:49:42,683 --> 00:49:44,017 POLLUTANTS INCLUDING ARSENIC, 1059 00:49:44,017 --> 00:49:45,953 CADMIUM, PCBs. 1060 00:49:45,953 --> 00:49:49,022 THESE INCLUDE THINGS LIKE 1061 00:49:49,022 --> 00:49:56,263 ANTIOXIDANTS, PLANT EXTRACTS, 1062 00:49:56,263 --> 00:50:00,934 SELL INYUM, FOLIC ACID, 1063 00:50:00,934 --> 00:50:01,702 RESVERATROL, N-ACETYL CYSTEINE, 1064 00:50:01,702 --> 00:50:02,269 ZINC. 1065 00:50:02,269 --> 00:50:03,704 EACH MAY BE HELPFUL IN THE 1066 00:50:03,704 --> 00:50:06,740 NARROW SCOPE IN WHICH THEY HAVE 1067 00:50:06,740 --> 00:50:07,841 BEEN STUDIED. 1068 00:50:07,841 --> 00:50:11,478 THERE'S ALSO HOPE FOR SOME OF 1069 00:50:11,478 --> 00:50:13,280 THESE PERSISTENT POLLUTANTS IN 1070 00:50:13,280 --> 00:50:14,515 WHICH THEY BIOACCUMULATE IN THE 1071 00:50:14,515 --> 00:50:16,617 BODY AND STICK AROUND FOR A LONG 1072 00:50:16,617 --> 00:50:17,918 PERIOD OF TIME. 1073 00:50:17,918 --> 00:50:26,994 SO THINGS HAVE BEEN TRIED THAT 1074 00:50:26,994 --> 00:50:28,829 INCLUDE OLESTRA IN POTATO CHIPS 1075 00:50:28,829 --> 00:50:37,171 BUT SHOWN THEY CAN REDUCE LEVELS 1076 00:50:37,171 --> 00:50:42,643 OF SOME PERSISTENT POLLUTANTS. 1077 00:50:42,643 --> 00:50:44,978 CHOLESTRYAMINE HOLDS PROMISE AS 1078 00:50:44,978 --> 00:50:47,281 DOES FIBER, WHICH OFFERS 1079 00:50:47,281 --> 00:50:49,783 POSSIBILITIES, THERE'S BLOOD 1080 00:50:49,783 --> 00:50:53,720 DONATION, PHLEBOTOMY, AND 1081 00:50:53,720 --> 00:50:57,024 DIURETICS AND SGLT2 INHIBITORS, 1082 00:50:57,024 --> 00:50:58,592 THESE WITH WORK ACROSS CLASSES. 1083 00:50:58,592 --> 00:51:00,527 WHEN WE THINK ABOUT EVIDENCE AS 1084 00:51:00,527 --> 00:51:01,929 A WHOLE I'M EXCITED TO HEAR 1085 00:51:01,929 --> 00:51:06,433 ABOUT THE WORK BEING DONE IN 1086 00:51:06,433 --> 00:51:07,000 THIS AREA. 1087 00:51:07,000 --> 00:51:09,937 I'M HERE TO GIVE YOU A 1088 00:51:09,937 --> 00:51:11,138 30,000-FOOT VIEW OF AMAZING 1089 00:51:11,138 --> 00:51:12,873 SCIENCE YOU'LL SEE BUT WHAT THIS 1090 00:51:12,873 --> 00:51:14,975 DOES IS GIVES A LOT OF HOPE 1091 00:51:14,975 --> 00:51:16,743 ABOUT WHERE WE'RE GOING AND WHAT 1092 00:51:16,743 --> 00:51:19,146 OPTIONS WE HAVE BEFORE US. 1093 00:51:19,146 --> 00:51:22,316 BUT WITH THAT HOPE I THINK COMES 1094 00:51:22,316 --> 00:51:23,550 CONTEXT, AND THAT CONTEXT IS 1095 00:51:23,550 --> 00:51:26,787 THAT WHILE WE WANT TO EMPOWER 1096 00:51:26,787 --> 00:51:28,288 INDIVIDUALS TO REDUCE OR 1097 00:51:28,288 --> 00:51:29,756 ATTENUATE EXPOSURES WE NEED TO 1098 00:51:29,756 --> 00:51:31,925 RECOGNIZE PEOPLE DON'T ALWAYS 1099 00:51:31,925 --> 00:51:33,627 HAVE CHOICES, THAT OPTIONS 1100 00:51:33,627 --> 00:51:35,429 AREN'T ALWAYS KNOWN OR CLEAR, 1101 00:51:35,429 --> 00:51:38,732 HEATHER MADE THE POINT ABOUT 1102 00:51:38,732 --> 00:51:38,999 LABELING. 1103 00:51:38,999 --> 00:51:41,468 INTERVENTIONS DON'T ALWAYS WORK. 1104 00:51:41,468 --> 00:51:43,003 BENEFITS ARE NOT ALWAYS 1105 00:51:43,003 --> 00:51:44,638 DOCUMENTED. 1106 00:51:44,638 --> 00:51:47,040 THERE'S THE ISSUE OF RISK 1107 00:51:47,040 --> 00:51:48,141 DEVELOPING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN, 1108 00:51:48,141 --> 00:51:49,209 WITH INTERVENTION AT ONE POINT 1109 00:51:49,209 --> 00:51:51,511 IN TIME, HOW DO WE LINK THOSE 1110 00:51:51,511 --> 00:51:51,778 TOGETHER? 1111 00:51:51,778 --> 00:51:54,481 THE OTHER THING I WANT TO 1112 00:51:54,481 --> 00:51:55,582 EMPHASIZE AS SOMEONE TWO TAKES 1113 00:51:55,582 --> 00:51:57,117 CARE OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES, 1114 00:51:57,117 --> 00:51:58,085 HEALTH IS HARD. 1115 00:51:58,085 --> 00:52:00,387 IT'S HARD TO DO THIS. 1116 00:52:00,387 --> 00:52:03,891 AND PART OF IT IS THIS ISSUE OF 1117 00:52:03,891 --> 00:52:05,225 ADHERENCE IN WHICH WHEN WE ASK 1118 00:52:05,225 --> 00:52:06,860 PEOPLE TO DO THINGS THEY OFTEN 1119 00:52:06,860 --> 00:52:08,528 FIND IT HARD TO DO. 1120 00:52:08,528 --> 00:52:11,164 SO THIS IS OLD DATA BUT I THINK 1121 00:52:11,164 --> 00:52:13,667 ILLUSTRATES THE POINT. 1122 00:52:13,667 --> 00:52:14,801 STATINS ARE CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING 1123 00:52:14,801 --> 00:52:16,303 MEDICATIONS THAT REDUCE RISK OF 1124 00:52:16,303 --> 00:52:19,640 HEART ATTACKS AND STROKES, 1125 00:52:19,640 --> 00:52:21,308 UNEQUIVOCALLY IN CLINICAL 1126 00:52:21,308 --> 00:52:21,541 TRIALS. 1127 00:52:21,541 --> 00:52:23,443 DESPITE THIS EVIDENCE TWO YEARS 1128 00:52:23,443 --> 00:52:25,412 OF BEING ON STATIN MEANS ABOUT 1129 00:52:25,412 --> 00:52:27,714 50% OF THOSE PEOPLE ARE GOING TO 1130 00:52:27,714 --> 00:52:29,049 STOP TAKING THEIR STATIN AND 1131 00:52:29,049 --> 00:52:31,084 THIS IS EVEN IN FOLKS WHO HAVE 1132 00:52:31,084 --> 00:52:33,620 ALREADY HAD A HEART ATTACK AND 1133 00:52:33,620 --> 00:52:34,288 STROKE. 1134 00:52:34,288 --> 00:52:35,589 IT'S HARD FOR PEOPLE TO DO 1135 00:52:35,589 --> 00:52:36,023 THINGS. 1136 00:52:36,023 --> 00:52:37,391 AS WE THINK ABOUT OUR 1137 00:52:37,391 --> 00:52:39,526 INTERVENTIONS WE NEED TO THINK 1138 00:52:39,526 --> 00:52:40,761 ABOUT WHAT'S POSSIBLE, WHAT'S 1139 00:52:40,761 --> 00:52:42,930 FEASIBLE, AND WHAT CAN OCCUR IN 1140 00:52:42,930 --> 00:52:45,899 THE CONTEXT THAT JIBES WITH THE 1141 00:52:45,899 --> 00:52:50,804 BURDENS OF LIFE THAT PATIENTS 1142 00:52:50,804 --> 00:52:52,005 OFTEN FACE. 1143 00:52:52,005 --> 00:52:54,107 I WANT TO SAY THIS, DON'T GET 1144 00:52:54,107 --> 00:52:55,409 THE OPPORTUNITY OFTEN. 1145 00:52:55,409 --> 00:53:01,248 ONE OF THE AMAZING THINGS ABOUT 1146 00:53:01,248 --> 00:53:03,216 THE ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR FIELD WE 1147 00:53:03,216 --> 00:53:04,518 HAVE AMAZING PEOPLE DOING 1148 00:53:04,518 --> 00:53:06,954 AWESOME WORK TO MAKE THE WORLD A 1149 00:53:06,954 --> 00:53:08,355 HEALTHIER PLACE, REINFORCED BY 1150 00:53:08,355 --> 00:53:10,457 THE SCALE OF THE PROBLEM. 1151 00:53:10,457 --> 00:53:12,592 YOU CAN SEE ANY NUMBER OF 1152 00:53:12,592 --> 00:53:15,162 ESTIMATES BUT OVER 80,000 1153 00:53:15,162 --> 00:53:16,797 CHEMICALS IN COMMERCE, LINKED TO 1154 00:53:16,797 --> 00:53:17,564 A VARIETY OF DISEASES. 1155 00:53:17,564 --> 00:53:18,966 SO ONE OF THE GREAT THINGS ABOUT 1156 00:53:18,966 --> 00:53:20,734 THE FIELD IS WE ALL HAVE OUR 1157 00:53:20,734 --> 00:53:22,369 THING WE CAN WORK ON BECAUSE THE 1158 00:53:22,369 --> 00:53:27,307 SCALE OF THE PROBLEM IS SO HUGE. 1159 00:53:27,307 --> 00:53:28,942 AND WHILE MIXTURES ARE 1160 00:53:28,942 --> 00:53:30,577 INCREASING FOCUS, WHAT IS 1161 00:53:30,577 --> 00:53:32,446 IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE IS 1162 00:53:32,446 --> 00:53:34,948 MECHANISTIC WORK IS INHERENTLY 1163 00:53:34,948 --> 00:53:36,616 REDUCTIONIST, AND THIS POSES 1164 00:53:36,616 --> 00:53:37,617 RISKS TO TRANSLATION. 1165 00:53:37,617 --> 00:53:40,120 SO WHAT I WANT TO EMPHASIZE IS 1166 00:53:40,120 --> 00:53:43,390 THAT WHILE WE'RE ALL WORKING ON 1167 00:53:43,390 --> 00:53:45,258 THESE PROBLEMS, WE CANNOT 1168 00:53:45,258 --> 00:53:46,593 PROPOSE 80,000 DISTINCT 1169 00:53:46,593 --> 00:53:48,428 SOLUTIONS TO 80,000 CHEMICALS. 1170 00:53:48,428 --> 00:53:53,667 WE REALLY NEED TO LOOK FOR THE 1171 00:53:53,667 --> 00:53:55,435 TWO-FERS, THREE-FERS, AND 1172 00:53:55,435 --> 00:54:01,775 80,000--FER IN WHICH WE LOOK FOR 1173 00:54:01,775 --> 00:54:04,211 INTERVENTIONS THAT TARGET 1174 00:54:04,211 --> 00:54:06,079 MULTIPLE EDCs, REQUIRING 1175 00:54:06,079 --> 00:54:09,783 COLLABORATION AMONG THIS AMAZING 1176 00:54:09,783 --> 00:54:10,650 COMMUNITY, ACROSS EDC SUBFIELDS, 1177 00:54:10,650 --> 00:54:11,418 REQUIRING CONSIDERATION OF BANG 1178 00:54:11,418 --> 00:54:12,319 FOR OUR BUCK. 1179 00:54:12,319 --> 00:54:15,022 HOW DO WE GET THE BEST BENEFIT 1180 00:54:15,022 --> 00:54:18,425 LOOKING AT ATTRIBUTABLE RISK AND 1181 00:54:18,425 --> 00:54:18,859 COST EFFECTIVENESS? 1182 00:54:18,859 --> 00:54:20,494 I WANT TO SAY IT'S CRITICAL AS 1183 00:54:20,494 --> 00:54:22,596 WE THINK ABOUT ALL THESE THINGS 1184 00:54:22,596 --> 00:54:25,665 TO RECOGNIZE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS 1185 00:54:25,665 --> 00:54:26,967 OF EDCs ARE DISPROPORTIONATELY 1186 00:54:26,967 --> 00:54:29,603 BORNE BY COMMUNITIES OF COLOR 1187 00:54:29,603 --> 00:54:30,804 AND LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES THAT 1188 00:54:30,804 --> 00:54:35,175 ARE EXPOSED TO A VARIETY OF 1189 00:54:35,175 --> 00:54:37,477 TOXICANTS LINKED TO ENDOCRINE 1190 00:54:37,477 --> 00:54:38,678 DISRUPTING MANIFESTATIONS. 1191 00:54:38,678 --> 00:54:41,648 AS SUCH, WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT 1192 00:54:41,648 --> 00:54:43,617 HOW WE CAN EMBED ENDOCRINE 1193 00:54:43,617 --> 00:54:45,252 DISRUPTING SCIENCE MORE 1194 00:54:45,252 --> 00:54:46,553 THOROUGHLY INTO SOCIAL AND 1195 00:54:46,553 --> 00:54:47,454 STRUCTURAL DETERMINANT OF 1196 00:54:47,454 --> 00:54:47,687 HEALTH. 1197 00:54:47,687 --> 00:54:50,390 AS WE CONSIDER OUR EFFORTS TO 1198 00:54:50,390 --> 00:54:51,925 PROMOTE HEALTH EQUITY, IT'S 1199 00:54:51,925 --> 00:54:56,830 CRITICAL WE THINK ABOUT HOW 1200 00:54:56,830 --> 00:54:58,598 INCORPORATING EDCs FITS WITHIN 1201 00:54:58,598 --> 00:55:00,133 THE HEALTH POLICIES FRAMEWORK, 1202 00:55:00,133 --> 00:55:02,536 OUR APPROACH TO CHEMICALS IS NOT 1203 00:55:02,536 --> 00:55:03,437 JUST AN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 1204 00:55:03,437 --> 00:55:06,173 APPROACH BUT IT IS ALSO A HEALTH 1205 00:55:06,173 --> 00:55:08,008 APPROACH, ALSO AN AGRICULTURAL 1206 00:55:08,008 --> 00:55:09,676 APPROACH, A HOUSING AND URBAN 1207 00:55:09,676 --> 00:55:10,644 DEVELOPMENT ISSUE. 1208 00:55:10,644 --> 00:55:13,480 WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT HOW ALL 1209 00:55:13,480 --> 00:55:15,115 THESE THINGS CAN IMPACT THE 1210 00:55:15,115 --> 00:55:16,116 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND 1211 00:55:16,116 --> 00:55:17,417 OUTCOMES OF OUR PATIENTS. 1212 00:55:17,417 --> 00:55:19,086 I WANT TO CLOSE BY SAYING IT'S 1213 00:55:19,086 --> 00:55:21,721 IMPORTANT FOR US NOT TO RELY ON 1214 00:55:21,721 --> 00:55:24,991 INDIVIDUAL ACTION, BUT AS WE 1215 00:55:24,991 --> 00:55:26,193 THINK ABOUT INDIVIDUAL ACTION, 1216 00:55:26,193 --> 00:55:28,495 WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT HOW TO 1217 00:55:28,495 --> 00:55:31,131 TAKE THIS TO TRAINEES, TO 1218 00:55:31,131 --> 00:55:33,066 EDUCATE THEM, EDUCATE 1219 00:55:33,066 --> 00:55:34,301 COLLEAGUES, ENGAGE PROFESSIONAL 1220 00:55:34,301 --> 00:55:37,137 ORGANIZATIONS, AND ADVOCATE FOR 1221 00:55:37,137 --> 00:55:41,608 SCIENCE-BASED PUBLIC POLICY TO 1222 00:55:41,608 --> 00:55:42,375 MITIGATE ADVERSE EFFECTS. 1223 00:55:42,375 --> 00:55:43,844 WE CAN DO THAT. 1224 00:55:43,844 --> 00:55:48,515 WE NEED TO BE INSPIRED BY FANNIE 1225 00:55:48,515 --> 00:55:50,617 LOU HAMER AND I LOOK FORWARD TO 1226 00:55:50,617 --> 00:55:57,724 THE SCIENCE IN THE COMING DAY. 1227 00:55:57,724 --> 00:56:08,034 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 1228 00:56:10,270 --> 00:56:13,006 >> I'M GOING TO OPEN TO ZOOM 1229 00:56:13,006 --> 00:56:14,107 PARTICIPANTS AND THOSE IN THE 1230 00:56:14,107 --> 00:56:14,574 ROOM. 1231 00:56:14,574 --> 00:56:18,578 IF YOU HAVE A QUESTION GO TO THE 1232 00:56:18,578 --> 00:56:18,945 MICROPHONE. 1233 00:56:18,945 --> 00:56:20,814 BUT I GUESS I'LL START. 1234 00:56:20,814 --> 00:56:22,449 AND HOPEFULLY OTHER PEOPLE WILL 1235 00:56:22,449 --> 00:56:27,053 STAND UP AND ASK QUESTIONS. 1236 00:56:27,053 --> 00:56:28,555 THERE'S SO MUCH REALLY IMPORTANT 1237 00:56:28,555 --> 00:56:31,224 INFORMATION IN BOTH OF YOUR 1238 00:56:31,224 --> 00:56:33,226 PRESENTATIONS. 1239 00:56:33,226 --> 00:56:38,331 AND IT'S VERY SOBERING. 1240 00:56:38,331 --> 00:56:41,268 AS WAS POINTED OUT, HORMONES 1241 00:56:41,268 --> 00:56:43,336 HAVE DIFFERENT EFFECTS, 1242 00:56:43,336 --> 00:56:45,205 DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT. 1243 00:56:45,205 --> 00:56:46,406 EVEN BEFORE BIRTH. 1244 00:56:46,406 --> 00:56:52,546 WE KNOW A LOT OF EFFECTS HAPPEN. 1245 00:56:52,546 --> 00:56:55,649 WOULD YOU SAY -- IS IT POSSIBLE 1246 00:56:55,649 --> 00:56:57,684 TO EVEN SAY THAT THERE'S ONE 1247 00:56:57,684 --> 00:57:03,156 POINT IN DEVELOPMENT THAT IS 1248 00:57:03,156 --> 00:57:06,359 MOST CRITICAL? 1249 00:57:06,359 --> 00:57:08,762 IF WE HAD A MAGIC WAND, NO 1250 00:57:08,762 --> 00:57:11,264 EXPOSURE AT THIS POINT IN TIME, 1251 00:57:11,264 --> 00:57:12,799 WHAT WOULD HAVE DOWNSTREAM THE 1252 00:57:12,799 --> 00:57:13,500 BIGGEST EFFECT? 1253 00:57:13,500 --> 00:57:16,203 WOULD IT BE A WOMAN 1254 00:57:16,203 --> 00:57:16,803 PRE-CONCEPTION? 1255 00:57:16,803 --> 00:57:19,906 SO KIND OF BEFORE SHE EVEN 1256 00:57:19,906 --> 00:57:21,541 CONCEIVES? 1257 00:57:21,541 --> 00:57:30,650 WOULD IT BE IN UTERO SO WOULD HE 1258 00:57:30,650 --> 00:57:33,286 IT PERIPUBERTAL KID WHO HAS YET 1259 00:57:33,286 --> 00:57:34,287 TO SECRETE SEX HORMONES EN 1260 00:57:34,287 --> 00:57:34,487 MASSE? 1261 00:57:34,487 --> 00:57:36,456 IS THERE A POINT IN TIME WE 1262 00:57:36,456 --> 00:57:37,457 SHOULD FOCUS? 1263 00:57:37,457 --> 00:57:42,062 THINKING ABOUT THE MENTIONING TO 1264 00:57:42,062 --> 00:57:43,930 THE PROBLEM AND SOLUTIONS IF 1265 00:57:43,930 --> 00:57:48,168 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT INTERVENTION 1266 00:57:48,168 --> 00:57:49,669 AT STRATEGIC TIME, KEEPING THE 1267 00:57:49,669 --> 00:57:51,037 MESSAGE SIMPLE TO FIGURE OUT 1268 00:57:51,037 --> 00:57:52,372 WHERE THEY CAN GET THE MOST BANG 1269 00:57:52,372 --> 00:58:00,914 FOR THEIR BUCK AS YOU SAID. 1270 00:58:00,914 --> 00:58:02,215 IF THERE ONE POINT IN TIME IF 1271 00:58:02,215 --> 00:58:08,788 YOU HAVE THE ABILITY TO FOCUS ON 1272 00:58:08,788 --> 00:58:10,757 THIS POINT IN TIME? 1273 00:58:10,757 --> 00:58:10,924 YES. 1274 00:58:10,924 --> 00:58:12,058 THEY ARE OBVIOUSLY ALL 1275 00:58:12,058 --> 00:58:12,325 IMPORTANT. 1276 00:58:12,325 --> 00:58:14,928 THERE ARE WINDOWS WE DON'T HAVE 1277 00:58:14,928 --> 00:58:18,698 A LOT OF DATA, AGING, PUBERTY IS 1278 00:58:18,698 --> 00:58:20,500 STILL UNDERSTUDIED AS A WINDOW 1279 00:58:20,500 --> 00:58:21,501 OF DEVELOPMENT, SO UNDERSTANDING 1280 00:58:21,501 --> 00:58:27,974 THE FULL IMPACT. 1281 00:58:27,974 --> 00:58:32,679 TO YOUR POINT, IT SEEMS 1282 00:58:32,679 --> 00:58:33,480 ADDRESSING ORGANIZATIONAL IMPACT 1283 00:58:33,480 --> 00:58:38,151 EARLY IN LIFE IS CRITICAL, 1284 00:58:38,151 --> 00:58:40,120 PRE-CONCEPTION, PREGNANCY, EARLY 1285 00:58:40,120 --> 00:58:41,354 POST-NATAL LIFE WILL PROBABLY 1286 00:58:41,354 --> 00:58:42,589 HAVE THE BIGGEST IMPACT BUT 1287 00:58:42,589 --> 00:58:44,090 THAT'S NOT TO SAY THAT 1288 00:58:44,090 --> 00:58:46,593 INTERVENTIONS AT OTHER PERIODS 1289 00:58:46,593 --> 00:58:49,029 ARE ALSO NOT HELPFUL. 1290 00:58:49,029 --> 00:58:50,030 WE WANT TO THINK ABOUT 1291 00:58:50,030 --> 00:58:52,666 INTERVENTIONS THAT SPAN THE 1292 00:58:52,666 --> 00:58:54,301 LIFESPAN BUT THINKING ABOUT 1293 00:58:54,301 --> 00:58:56,269 THOSE TIMES IN WHICH 1294 00:58:56,269 --> 00:58:57,470 ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTS ARE 1295 00:58:57,470 --> 00:58:59,105 TAKING PLACE IN WHICH WE'RE 1296 00:58:59,105 --> 00:59:02,409 SETTING SOMEBODY UP FOR A 1297 00:59:02,409 --> 00:59:04,244 LIFETIME INCREASED RISK OF 1298 00:59:04,244 --> 00:59:05,345 ILLNESS PROBABLY GETS THE 1299 00:59:05,345 --> 00:59:07,647 BIGGEST BANK FOR THE BUCK. 1300 00:59:07,647 --> 00:59:08,581 THERE'S SOME ETHICAL THANKS WE 1301 00:59:08,581 --> 00:59:11,584 CAN TALK ABOUT IN TERMS OF 1302 00:59:11,584 --> 00:59:13,019 TARGETING PREGNANCY, WHAT THAT 1303 00:59:13,019 --> 00:59:16,089 MEANS, BLAMING WOMEN AND THOSE 1304 00:59:16,089 --> 00:59:18,158 TYPE OF THINGS, MAKING THAT 1305 00:59:18,158 --> 00:59:20,560 PRIORITY. 1306 00:59:20,560 --> 00:59:22,095 THAT'S WHAT MY INKLING WOULD BE 1307 00:59:22,095 --> 00:59:24,297 IF WE HAVE TO PICK ONE. 1308 00:59:24,297 --> 00:59:26,066 I HOPE WE DON'T. 1309 00:59:26,066 --> 00:59:27,133 >> OF COURSE. 1310 00:59:27,133 --> 00:59:29,436 >> I COMPLETELY AGREE. 1311 00:59:29,436 --> 00:59:30,970 IT'S DIFFICULT BECAUSE ORGAN 1312 00:59:30,970 --> 00:59:32,939 DEVELOPMENT OCCURS AT DIFFERENT 1313 00:59:32,939 --> 00:59:34,140 POINTS ACROSS DEVELOPMENT. 1314 00:59:34,140 --> 00:59:35,342 ARE YOU WORRIED ABOUT 1315 00:59:35,342 --> 00:59:37,077 REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT? 1316 00:59:37,077 --> 00:59:39,279 THAT'S A DIFFERENT TIME WINDOW 1317 00:59:39,279 --> 00:59:41,481 THAN LUNG DEVELOPMENT OR BONES. 1318 00:59:41,481 --> 00:59:44,217 WE DON'T REALLY UNDERSTAND HOW 1319 00:59:44,217 --> 00:59:45,952 EDCs IMPACT THESE TARGET 1320 00:59:45,952 --> 00:59:47,587 ORGANS ESPECIALLY SOMETHING LIKE 1321 00:59:47,587 --> 00:59:48,688 BONES, RIGHT? 1322 00:59:48,688 --> 00:59:50,323 SO UNFORTUNATELY I DON'T KNOW 1323 00:59:50,323 --> 00:59:54,160 THERE'S A REALLY SMALL SNAPSHOT 1324 00:59:54,160 --> 00:59:55,662 IN TIME BUT ORGANIZATIONAL 1325 00:59:55,662 --> 00:59:58,198 EFFECTS AND PRE-CONCEPTION ARE 1326 00:59:58,198 --> 00:59:58,765 IMPORTANT. 1327 00:59:58,765 --> 01:00:00,400 YOU MENTIONED EDUCATING 1328 01:00:00,400 --> 01:00:00,800 CLINICIANS. 1329 01:00:00,800 --> 01:00:03,103 WE COULD TALK TO PREGNANT WOMEN, 1330 01:00:03,103 --> 01:00:05,405 WHERE DO YOU WORK? 1331 01:00:05,405 --> 01:00:08,375 PHYSICIANS DON'T ASK A LOT OF 1332 01:00:08,375 --> 01:00:09,342 THOSE QUESTIONS. 1333 01:00:09,342 --> 01:00:10,443 ARE THEY SPRAYING PESTICIDES IN 1334 01:00:10,443 --> 01:00:11,111 YOUR HOME? 1335 01:00:11,111 --> 01:00:14,080 COULD YOU LAY OFF FOR SIX 1336 01:00:14,080 --> 01:00:14,581 MONTHS? 1337 01:00:14,581 --> 01:00:15,815 BASIC INTERVENTIONS ARE VERY 1338 01:00:15,815 --> 01:00:16,082 POSSIBLE. 1339 01:00:16,082 --> 01:00:17,684 THEY DON'T HAVE TO BE EXPENSIVE. 1340 01:00:17,684 --> 01:00:19,753 >> ONE THING I WOULD ADD, WE'RE 1341 01:00:19,753 --> 01:00:21,421 STARTING TO GATHER THESE SOCIAL 1342 01:00:21,421 --> 01:00:22,822 AND STRUCTURAL DETERMINANT OF 1343 01:00:22,822 --> 01:00:24,357 HEALTH IN OUR MEDICAL RECORDS. 1344 01:00:24,357 --> 01:00:25,558 BUT THEN THE MILLION DOLLAR 1345 01:00:25,558 --> 01:00:29,162 QUESTION, WHAT DO YOU DO WITH 1346 01:00:29,162 --> 01:00:29,562 THAT INFORMATION? 1347 01:00:29,562 --> 01:00:31,364 THAT'S WHAT'S GREAT ABOUT THE 1348 01:00:31,364 --> 01:00:32,799 WORKSHOP, ONCE WE GATHER THAT 1349 01:00:32,799 --> 01:00:36,069 INFORMATION WE'LL BE ABLE TO 1350 01:00:36,069 --> 01:00:37,370 GIVE FOLKS ADVICE WHAT TO DO 1351 01:00:37,370 --> 01:00:39,038 WITH IT. 1352 01:00:39,038 --> 01:00:41,875 >> YES, PLEASE. 1353 01:00:41,875 --> 01:00:42,442 >> LINDA BIRNBAUM, FORMER 1354 01:00:42,442 --> 01:00:44,844 DIRECTOR NIEHS. 1355 01:00:44,844 --> 01:00:46,913 THANK YOU FOR FABULOUS TALKS 1356 01:00:46,913 --> 01:00:49,215 HITTING ON KEY POINTS BUT A 1357 01:00:49,215 --> 01:00:56,756 COUPLE COMMENTS. 1358 01:00:56,756 --> 01:01:03,430 WE KNOW PRE-CON ACCEPTSAL 1359 01:01:03,430 --> 01:01:06,699 EXPOSURE TO DEDS HAVE LONG-TERM 1360 01:01:06,699 --> 01:01:07,267 EFFECTS. 1361 01:01:07,267 --> 01:01:09,235 HEATHER, YOUR POINT ABOUT IT 1362 01:01:09,235 --> 01:01:11,404 VARIES DEPENDING UPON ORGAN 1363 01:01:11,404 --> 01:01:13,840 SYSTEM BUT WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT 1364 01:01:13,840 --> 01:01:15,008 TARGET POPULATION MOST RECEPTIVE 1365 01:01:15,008 --> 01:01:17,444 THEN CLEARLY THE YOUNG WOMAN WHO 1366 01:01:17,444 --> 01:01:19,746 IS PREGNANT IS OFTEN THE MOST 1367 01:01:19,746 --> 01:01:20,814 RECEPTIVE PERSON TO TRY TO DO 1368 01:01:20,814 --> 01:01:22,048 SOMETHING. 1369 01:01:22,048 --> 01:01:23,583 ON THE OTHER HAND, AT TIMES 1370 01:01:23,583 --> 01:01:24,884 THAT'S TOO LATE. 1371 01:01:24,884 --> 01:01:27,520 THE OTHER COMMENT I WANTED TO 1372 01:01:27,520 --> 01:01:30,256 MAKE, I THINK ROB TALKED ABOUT 1373 01:01:30,256 --> 01:01:34,627 TWO- OR THREE-FERS, WE'VE GOT TO 1374 01:01:34,627 --> 01:01:38,565 GO BIGGER THAN THAT. 1375 01:01:38,565 --> 01:01:41,534 WE HAVE TO LOOK AT CLASSES, 1376 01:01:41,534 --> 01:01:43,169 GROUPS, SOMETIMES CHEMICALS, 1377 01:01:43,169 --> 01:01:44,103 SOMETIMES CATEGORIES OF 1378 01:01:44,103 --> 01:01:46,339 PRODUCTS, THERE ARE A LOT MORE 1379 01:01:46,339 --> 01:01:48,842 THAN 80,000 CHEMICALS, HEATHER, 1380 01:01:48,842 --> 01:01:52,011 YOUR POINT, NATURAL IS NOT 1381 01:01:52,011 --> 01:01:53,546 NECESSARILY BETTER OR GOOD. 1382 01:01:53,546 --> 01:01:57,717 THAT'S SOMETHING WE DON'T THINK 1383 01:01:57,717 --> 01:01:57,917 ABOUT. 1384 01:01:57,917 --> 01:01:59,586 THERE HAVE BEEN 350,000 1385 01:01:59,586 --> 01:02:00,353 CHEMICALS INTENTIONALLY PRODUCE 1386 01:02:00,353 --> 01:02:03,022 THE IN THE LAST 60 YEARS, THAT 1387 01:02:03,022 --> 01:02:04,424 DOESN'T ACCOUNT FOR 1388 01:02:04,424 --> 01:02:05,058 TRANSFORMATION OR BREAKDOWN 1389 01:02:05,058 --> 01:02:05,391 PROBLEMS. 1390 01:02:05,391 --> 01:02:06,926 THERE ARE A LOT MORE. 1391 01:02:06,926 --> 01:02:09,362 WE CAN'T CONTINUE TO LOOK ONE AT 1392 01:02:09,362 --> 01:02:11,231 A TIME OR EVEN AT MIXTURES OF 1393 01:02:11,231 --> 01:02:16,336 TWO OR THREE OR FIVE. 1394 01:02:16,336 --> 01:02:17,504 >> GOOD POINT. 1395 01:02:17,504 --> 01:02:17,871 >> YEAH, MANN. 1396 01:02:17,871 --> 01:02:22,475 >> I WANT TO ADD TO THAT. 1397 01:02:22,475 --> 01:02:27,180 WE TALKED ABOUT SOY, WHICH IS AN 1398 01:02:27,180 --> 01:02:33,686 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING FOOD. 1399 01:02:33,686 --> 01:02:35,822 IT'S THYROID DISRUPTING, WHEN 1400 01:02:35,822 --> 01:02:40,960 SOY-BASED BABY FOOD CAME OUT, IT 1401 01:02:40,960 --> 01:02:46,533 WAS THYROID DISRUPTING. 1402 01:02:46,533 --> 01:02:47,967 HE CAN MITIGATE WITH IODINE, WE 1403 01:02:47,967 --> 01:02:49,702 HAVE EXAMPLES, SOY IS AN 1404 01:02:49,702 --> 01:02:55,174 EXAMPLE, BUT THERE AREN'T A TON 1405 01:02:55,174 --> 01:02:56,976 OF MAGIC BULLETS. 1406 01:02:56,976 --> 01:03:00,313 >> GREAT LEAD-IN TO MY QUESTION. 1407 01:03:00,313 --> 01:03:01,080 YOU MENTIONED DIETARY 1408 01:03:01,080 --> 01:03:03,483 SUPPLEMENTS THAT MIGHT BE 1409 01:03:03,483 --> 01:03:05,585 HELPFUL AND REDUCING ABSORPTION 1410 01:03:05,585 --> 01:03:08,421 OF SOME OF THESE EDCsS, 1411 01:03:08,421 --> 01:03:11,491 LIMITED RESEARCH THAT'S BEEN 1412 01:03:11,491 --> 01:03:11,691 DONE. 1413 01:03:11,691 --> 01:03:13,893 CURIOUS WHETHER THAT IN THE 1414 01:03:13,893 --> 01:03:19,165 STUDIES WHEN YOU LISTED DIETARY 1415 01:03:19,165 --> 01:03:22,669 SUPPLEMENTS LIKE ASCORBIC ACID, 1416 01:03:22,669 --> 01:03:24,938 FOLIC ACIDS, POLYPHENOLS, 1417 01:03:24,938 --> 01:03:27,707 CURIOUS IF IT'S KNOWN WHETHER OR 1418 01:03:27,707 --> 01:03:30,543 NOT AN ADEQUATE DIET HAVING 1419 01:03:30,543 --> 01:03:32,312 THOSE NUTRIENTS AVAILABLE IS 1420 01:03:32,312 --> 01:03:34,147 SUFFICIENT OR WHEN YOU'RE 1421 01:03:34,147 --> 01:03:35,148 MENTIONING DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 1422 01:03:35,148 --> 01:03:38,851 YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT A HIGHER 1423 01:03:38,851 --> 01:03:42,255 DOSE THAN IN AN APPROPRIATE 1424 01:03:42,255 --> 01:03:42,455 DIET. 1425 01:03:42,455 --> 01:03:42,922 >> GREAT QUESTION. 1426 01:03:42,922 --> 01:03:44,657 I DON'T THINK WE HAVE A CLEAR 1427 01:03:44,657 --> 01:03:45,258 ANSWER. 1428 01:03:45,258 --> 01:03:47,527 WE KNOW ADEQUATE INTAKE OF SOME 1429 01:03:47,527 --> 01:03:48,394 NUTRIENTS IS PROBABLY PRETTY 1430 01:03:48,394 --> 01:03:49,495 GOOD PROTECTION. 1431 01:03:49,495 --> 01:03:52,298 WE ALSO KNOW THERE'S INADEQUATE 1432 01:03:52,298 --> 01:03:54,901 INTAKE OF MANY OF THEM, WHETHER 1433 01:03:54,901 --> 01:03:56,436 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT IRON, 1434 01:03:56,436 --> 01:03:58,705 CALCIUM, THOSE THINGS THAT CAN 1435 01:03:58,705 --> 01:04:00,039 INTERFERE IN DISRUPTION OR SORT 1436 01:04:00,039 --> 01:04:02,675 OF THE UPTAKE OF SOME OF THESE 1437 01:04:02,675 --> 01:04:03,676 TOXIC METALS. 1438 01:04:03,676 --> 01:04:05,545 SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS ARE 1439 01:04:05,545 --> 01:04:06,846 FIGURING OUT THRESHOLD, LIKE HOW 1440 01:04:06,846 --> 01:04:10,249 MUCH YOU NEED IS CRITICAL, AND I 1441 01:04:10,249 --> 01:04:11,884 THINK YOUR POINT IS WELL TAKEN 1442 01:04:11,884 --> 01:04:14,587 ALSO, IF I CAN READ INTO IT A 1443 01:04:14,587 --> 01:04:15,488 LITTLE BIT MORE. 1444 01:04:15,488 --> 01:04:17,924 HOW MUCH WOULD WE BENEFIT FROM 1445 01:04:17,924 --> 01:04:19,258 GETTING PEOPLE OFF ULTRA 1446 01:04:19,258 --> 01:04:21,227 PROCESSED FOODS AND GETTING THEM 1447 01:04:21,227 --> 01:04:23,096 ON WHOLE DIETS ADEQUATE IN ALL 1448 01:04:23,096 --> 01:04:25,365 OF THESE NUTRIENTS, WOULD THAT 1449 01:04:25,365 --> 01:04:28,901 BE IN ITSELF SORT OF SUFFICIENT? 1450 01:04:28,901 --> 01:04:30,770 POTENTIALLY A MEANS OF 1451 01:04:30,770 --> 01:04:32,505 INCREASING ACCESS TO SO EVERYONE 1452 01:04:32,505 --> 01:04:33,406 CAN DO THESE THINGS. 1453 01:04:33,406 --> 01:04:34,440 OPEN QUESTIONS IN TERMS OF WHAT 1454 01:04:34,440 --> 01:04:36,209 WE NEED AND HOW MUCH OF A 1455 01:04:36,209 --> 01:04:37,410 BENEFIT WE GET. 1456 01:04:37,410 --> 01:04:38,611 BUT LOOKING FORWARD TO SORTING 1457 01:04:38,611 --> 01:04:41,347 THAT OUT OVER TIME FOR SURE. 1458 01:04:41,347 --> 01:04:42,148 >> THANKS. 1459 01:04:42,148 --> 01:04:48,354 >> IF I COULD ADD, WHEN YOU LOOK 1460 01:04:48,354 --> 01:04:55,361 BACK AT PARACELSUS, VITAMINS 1461 01:04:55,361 --> 01:04:56,763 FALL INTO THAT CURVE, MORE IS 1462 01:04:56,763 --> 01:04:58,331 NOT ELSE INLY BETTER. 1463 01:04:58,331 --> 01:05:01,801 AMERICANS LOVE TO OVERDO IT. 1464 01:05:01,801 --> 01:05:03,903 OH, MAN, TWO VITAMIN D GUMMIES? 1465 01:05:03,903 --> 01:05:05,972 I'M GOING TO TAKE SIX. 1466 01:05:05,972 --> 01:05:08,374 WE FORGET THERE'S A CURVE YOU 1467 01:05:08,374 --> 01:05:10,677 CAN FALL OUT OF THERAPEUTIC 1468 01:05:10,677 --> 01:05:13,846 LEVEL AND HIT ADVERSITY. 1469 01:05:13,846 --> 01:05:15,581 THEA THAT'S WHAT PARACELSUS WAS 1470 01:05:15,581 --> 01:05:15,915 TALKING ABOUT. 1471 01:05:15,915 --> 01:05:17,550 >> WHEN YOU LOOK AT SELENIUM, 1472 01:05:17,550 --> 01:05:19,485 THERE'S ON A UNIQUE WINDOW, TOO 1473 01:05:19,485 --> 01:05:22,722 LITTLE IS BAD, TOO MUCH ALSO IS 1474 01:05:22,722 --> 01:05:23,790 PROBLEMATIC AS WELL FOR SURE. 1475 01:05:23,790 --> 01:05:30,596 >> WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM ZOOM. 1476 01:05:30,596 --> 01:05:36,636 LISTEN TOKING TO DR. SARGIS MOST 1477 01:05:36,636 --> 01:05:37,336 EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS 1478 01:05:37,336 --> 01:05:38,705 ESPECIALLY CONSIDERING JUSTICE 1479 01:05:38,705 --> 01:05:40,673 ISSUES IS SOCIETAL REGULATORY. 1480 01:05:40,673 --> 01:05:42,108 IS ANYONE STUDYING WHAT 1481 01:05:42,108 --> 01:05:43,409 REGULATIONS ARE MOST EFFECTIVE 1482 01:05:43,409 --> 01:05:45,278 FOR HEALTH? 1483 01:05:45,278 --> 01:05:47,447 >> YEAH, IT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 1484 01:05:47,447 --> 01:05:49,649 I DON'T KNOW THAT LITERATURE 1485 01:05:49,649 --> 01:05:51,584 SUPER WELL. 1486 01:05:51,584 --> 01:05:53,686 WE DID AN ANALYSIS IN, I DON'T 1487 01:05:53,686 --> 01:06:00,359 KNOW, 2018 OR SOMETHING, WE 1488 01:06:00,359 --> 01:06:03,229 LOOKED AT FEDERAL POLICY RELATED 1489 01:06:03,229 --> 01:06:04,530 TO DIABETES-ASSOCIATED ENDOCRINE 1490 01:06:04,530 --> 01:06:05,631 DISRUPTORS AND FOUND ABSOLUTELY 1491 01:06:05,631 --> 01:06:06,199 NOTHING. 1492 01:06:06,199 --> 01:06:09,435 SORT OF IN THE LITERATURE. 1493 01:06:09,435 --> 01:06:11,204 LIKE DDT, THINGS ASSOCIATED WITH 1494 01:06:11,204 --> 01:06:13,306 DIABETES REGULATED FOR DIFFERENT 1495 01:06:13,306 --> 01:06:15,575 REASONS BUT FROM METABOLIC 1496 01:06:15,575 --> 01:06:16,476 HEALTH STANDPOINT DID NOT 1497 01:06:16,476 --> 01:06:18,644 IDENTIFY ANYTHING SPECIFIC FROM 1498 01:06:18,644 --> 01:06:19,445 THAT STANDPOINT. 1499 01:06:19,445 --> 01:06:21,681 SO, I'M SURE PEOPLE ARE WORKING 1500 01:06:21,681 --> 01:06:22,248 ON THIS. 1501 01:06:22,248 --> 01:06:23,883 I HAVE TO CLAIM IGNORANCE. 1502 01:06:23,883 --> 01:06:26,285 I'M NOT SURE WHAT WORKS BEST 1503 01:06:26,285 --> 01:06:27,186 HERE AND WHAT DOESN'T. 1504 01:06:27,186 --> 01:06:30,757 >> I'LL ADD WE KNOW EXPOSURE CAN 1505 01:06:30,757 --> 01:06:31,557 COME DOWN. 1506 01:06:31,557 --> 01:06:36,062 ALL OF US HAVE DDT IN OUR BODIES 1507 01:06:36,062 --> 01:06:39,665 BECAUSE IT'S A LONG-LIVED 1508 01:06:39,665 --> 01:06:42,068 CHEMICAL BUT PBDE BURDENS ARE 1509 01:06:42,068 --> 01:06:43,069 COMING DOWN, OTHER CHEMICALS. 1510 01:06:43,069 --> 01:06:46,572 WHEN YOU PUT POLICIES IN PLACE 1511 01:06:46,572 --> 01:06:48,274 THAT REZEUS EXPOSURE BODY 1512 01:06:48,274 --> 01:06:49,809 BURDENS DECLINE BUT IT WILL TAKE 1513 01:06:49,809 --> 01:06:52,678 A WHILE TO SEE THE HEALTH 1514 01:06:52,678 --> 01:06:53,780 BENEFITS OF THAT. 1515 01:06:53,780 --> 01:06:54,347 >> 100%. 1516 01:06:54,347 --> 01:06:55,982 THIS GETS AT THIS IDEA WITH THE 1517 01:06:55,982 --> 01:06:57,216 CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE TOO, THAT 1518 01:06:57,216 --> 01:07:00,153 WE NEED TO SHOW THESE 1519 01:07:00,153 --> 01:07:01,020 INTERVENTIONS WORK. 1520 01:07:01,020 --> 01:07:02,622 IN ADDITION TO CHEMICAL EXPOSURE 1521 01:07:02,622 --> 01:07:05,191 WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO SORT OF STAVE 1522 01:07:05,191 --> 01:07:06,492 OFF DESTRUCTION OF OZONE LAYER 1523 01:07:06,492 --> 01:07:07,593 AS WELL. 1524 01:07:07,593 --> 01:07:08,561 WE KNOW ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES 1525 01:07:08,561 --> 01:07:09,562 CAN WORK. 1526 01:07:09,562 --> 01:07:11,764 WHAT'S THE MOST EFFECTIVE AND 1527 01:07:11,764 --> 01:07:12,732 EFFICIENT WAY? 1528 01:07:12,732 --> 01:07:21,941 THAT'S WHERE DEBATE HAS TO BE 1529 01:07:21,941 --> 01:07:22,375 HAD. 1530 01:07:22,375 --> 01:07:24,277 >> I'M A NATUROPATHIC DOCTORA 1531 01:07:24,277 --> 01:07:25,444 BOARD MEMBER FOR NATIONAL 1532 01:07:25,444 --> 01:07:26,879 ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL 1533 01:07:26,879 --> 01:07:27,280 MEDICINE. 1534 01:07:27,280 --> 01:07:33,419 WE ADVOCATE FOR TRAINING 1535 01:07:33,419 --> 01:07:33,886 CLINICIANS. 1536 01:07:33,886 --> 01:07:35,421 SUCH A BIG CONVERSATION, WE 1537 01:07:35,421 --> 01:07:37,924 COULD TALK FOR HOURS. 1538 01:07:37,924 --> 01:07:41,527 I HAVE A QUESTION. 1539 01:07:41,527 --> 01:07:43,196 PICKING YOUR BRAINS ABOUT MORE 1540 01:07:43,196 --> 01:07:45,097 OF A CAPACITY FOR CLINICIANS WHO 1541 01:07:45,097 --> 01:07:46,999 MAYBE DON'T HAVE A LOT OF 1542 01:07:46,999 --> 01:07:47,800 TRAINING IN ENVIRONMENTAL 1543 01:07:47,800 --> 01:07:50,937 MEDICINE TO BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY 1544 01:07:50,937 --> 01:07:52,805 AT-RISK PATIENTS, MY THOUGHTS 1545 01:07:52,805 --> 01:07:55,007 REGARDING THINGS LIKE LOOKING AT 1546 01:07:55,007 --> 01:08:04,116 PHASE 2 DETOXICATION LIKE 1547 01:08:04,116 --> 01:08:07,720 HOMOCYSTEINE TO LOOK AT CAPACITY 1548 01:08:07,720 --> 01:08:10,690 AND VITAMIN D BECAUSE HEAVY 1549 01:08:10,690 --> 01:08:12,024 METALS SUPPRESS. 1550 01:08:12,024 --> 01:08:17,496 THOSE THREE TESTS SEEM LIKE AN 1551 01:08:17,496 --> 01:08:19,465 INEXPENSIVE MANIFESTO INTO A 1552 01:08:19,465 --> 01:08:19,966 CHEMICAL PATTERN. 1553 01:08:19,966 --> 01:08:22,435 WE LOOK FOR CHOLESTEROL AND 1554 01:08:22,435 --> 01:08:23,402 GLUCOSE READILY. 1555 01:08:23,402 --> 01:08:26,138 WONDERING YOUR THOUGHTS ABOUT 1556 01:08:26,138 --> 01:08:26,339 THAT. 1557 01:08:26,339 --> 01:08:27,506 >> YEAH, I THINK THIS IDEA OF 1558 01:08:27,506 --> 01:08:28,541 BEING ABLE TO LOOK AT THESE 1559 01:08:28,541 --> 01:08:30,309 THINGS IS GOOD. 1560 01:08:30,309 --> 01:08:32,378 WE NEED CLINICAL DATA TO SHOW 1561 01:08:32,378 --> 01:08:34,580 WHAT IT MEANS AND THEN ALSO WHAT 1562 01:08:34,580 --> 01:08:35,982 ACTIONS YOU TAKE. 1563 01:08:35,982 --> 01:08:37,516 THE OTHER ASPECT AS YOU KNOW IS 1564 01:08:37,516 --> 01:08:39,385 ONCE YOU GET THE DATA, WHAT ARE 1565 01:08:39,385 --> 01:08:41,687 WE ASKING THE PATIENTS TO DO 1566 01:08:41,687 --> 01:08:42,788 WITH THAT INFORMATION? 1567 01:08:42,788 --> 01:08:45,091 WHAT'S THE INTERVENTION THAT'S 1568 01:08:45,091 --> 01:08:51,864 GOING TO IMPROVE HOMOCYSTEINE 1569 01:08:51,864 --> 01:08:54,267 LEVELS OR RAISE CYSTEINE LEVELS, 1570 01:08:54,267 --> 01:08:55,701 THE STRUGGLE TO APPLY THAT 1571 01:08:55,701 --> 01:08:56,035 INFORMATION. 1572 01:08:56,035 --> 01:08:58,638 AND FIGURING OUT THE BEST TESTS 1573 01:08:58,638 --> 01:08:59,839 TO ASSESS THAT. 1574 01:08:59,839 --> 01:09:01,374 THAT'S CERTAINLY PART OF IT, 1575 01:09:01,374 --> 01:09:03,209 FROM AN INDIVIDUAL STANDPOINT. 1576 01:09:03,209 --> 01:09:04,543 I THINK ALSO, YOU KNOW, 1577 01:09:04,543 --> 01:09:05,544 INDIVIDUALS ARE INDIVIDUALS BUT 1578 01:09:05,544 --> 01:09:06,846 THINKING ABOUT WHERE PEOPLE LIVE 1579 01:09:06,846 --> 01:09:09,048 AND BEING ABLE TO USE OUR 1580 01:09:09,048 --> 01:09:10,182 KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COMMUNITIES, MAY 1581 01:09:10,182 --> 01:09:14,453 BE HELPFUL IN TERMS OF ASSESSING 1582 01:09:14,453 --> 01:09:16,355 PROBABILITY SOMEBODY MAY OR MAY 1583 01:09:16,355 --> 01:09:18,391 NOT BE AT INCREASED RISK AS 1584 01:09:18,391 --> 01:09:18,591 WELL. 1585 01:09:18,591 --> 01:09:19,792 ALL OF THAT I THINK IS IMPORTANT 1586 01:09:19,792 --> 01:09:22,762 AND ON THE TABLE AS WE TRY TO 1587 01:09:22,762 --> 01:09:25,765 TRANSLATE THIS INTO THE CLINIC. 1588 01:09:25,765 --> 01:09:27,633 THE OTHER THING I'M SUPER 1589 01:09:27,633 --> 01:09:28,901 EXCITED ABOUT RESOURCES YOU 1590 01:09:28,901 --> 01:09:29,101 HAVE. 1591 01:09:29,101 --> 01:09:31,037 WHAT I KNOW IS THAT OUR MED 1592 01:09:31,037 --> 01:09:32,672 STUDENTS ARE SUPER EXCITED ABOUT 1593 01:09:32,672 --> 01:09:33,606 THIS, OLDER FACULTY AREN'T SO 1594 01:09:33,606 --> 01:09:37,176 MAYBE THERE NEEDS TO BE A 1595 01:09:37,176 --> 01:09:38,711 GENERATIONAL SHIFT, OF WHO'S IN 1596 01:09:38,711 --> 01:09:40,680 POWER, BUT MED STUDENTS ARE 1597 01:09:40,680 --> 01:09:42,315 SUPER EXCITE AND ENGAGED AND GET 1598 01:09:42,315 --> 01:09:42,548 IT. 1599 01:09:42,548 --> 01:09:44,083 WE NEED TO EDUCATE THEM TO 1600 01:09:44,083 --> 01:09:46,185 EMPOWER THEM TO BE LEADERS OF 1601 01:09:46,185 --> 01:09:46,953 THE FUTURE. 1602 01:09:46,953 --> 01:09:47,920 >> WE'RE A PROFESSION 1603 01:09:47,920 --> 01:09:49,455 ORGANIZATION WITH A REDUCE THE 1604 01:09:49,455 --> 01:09:52,291 RATE FOR STUDENTS, ACCESS TO ALL 1605 01:09:52,291 --> 01:09:53,392 CLINICAL GUIDELINES, FREE TO ALL 1606 01:09:53,392 --> 01:09:54,193 MEMBERS. 1607 01:09:54,193 --> 01:09:56,896 PLUS WE HAVE A CLINICAL FORUM 1608 01:09:56,896 --> 01:10:00,066 ONLINE FOR OUR MEMBERS TO 1609 01:10:00,066 --> 01:10:02,802 DISCUSS CASES AND PROBLEM-SHOOT 1610 01:10:02,802 --> 01:10:04,870 WITH EXPERT MEMBERS. 1611 01:10:04,870 --> 01:10:07,173 SO ANY STUDENTS CAN JOIN FOR 1612 01:10:07,173 --> 01:10:10,676 LESS THAN FIVE CUPS OF COFFEE. 1613 01:10:10,676 --> 01:10:12,678 >> I ALSO THINK THE LANDSCAPE 1614 01:10:12,678 --> 01:10:17,483 THIS IS CHANGING AND FAST. 1615 01:10:17,483 --> 01:10:19,018 WHEN THE NATIONAL ACADEMY LOOKED 1616 01:10:19,018 --> 01:10:21,954 AT EFFECTS OF PFAS THEY MADE 1617 01:10:21,954 --> 01:10:22,621 TESTING RECOMMENDATIONS, SO THAT 1618 01:10:22,621 --> 01:10:25,024 WAS ONE OF THE FIRST TIMES WE'VE 1619 01:10:25,024 --> 01:10:26,359 SEEN THE NATIONAL ACADEMY SAY, 1620 01:10:26,359 --> 01:10:28,761 YEAH, YOU NEWED TO TEST BLOOD 1621 01:10:28,761 --> 01:10:30,162 LEVELS AND DEPENDING ON LEVELS 1622 01:10:30,162 --> 01:10:31,597 HERE IS THE INTERVENTION. 1623 01:10:31,597 --> 01:10:33,666 I KNOW THERE ARE COMPANIES NOW 1624 01:10:33,666 --> 01:10:36,836 JUST LIKE YOU CAN GET YOUR GENE 1625 01:10:36,836 --> 01:10:39,572 SEQUENCED THROUGH 23ANDME OR 1626 01:10:39,572 --> 01:10:40,473 WHATEVER, COMPANIES ARE COMING 1627 01:10:40,473 --> 01:10:45,378 UP WITH TEST INDICATES FOR 1628 01:10:45,378 --> 01:10:47,680 PTHALATES AND BPA, AND WE'LL SEE 1629 01:10:47,680 --> 01:10:48,814 CAPACITY FOR PEOPLE TO TEST AND 1630 01:10:48,814 --> 01:10:52,184 SHOW UP AT A CLINIC, I HAVE THIS 1631 01:10:52,184 --> 01:10:54,253 MUCH BPA IN MY BODY, WHAT DO I 1632 01:10:54,253 --> 01:10:54,653 DO? 1633 01:10:54,653 --> 01:10:56,589 WE HAVE TO GET BETTER AND 1634 01:10:56,589 --> 01:10:58,424 EDUCATING AND COMING UP WITH 1635 01:10:58,424 --> 01:10:59,759 WAYS TO ANSWER QUESTIONS BECAUSE 1636 01:10:59,759 --> 01:11:03,896 THAT TESTING CAPACITY IS COMING. 1637 01:11:03,896 --> 01:11:06,198 >> IS ANYONE REGULATING THOSE 1638 01:11:06,198 --> 01:11:11,203 TESTS? DO WE KNOW THEY ARE 1639 01:11:11,203 --> 01:11:12,204 ACTUALLY SENSITIVE, SPECIFIC, 1640 01:11:12,204 --> 01:11:12,471 ACCURATE? 1641 01:11:12,471 --> 01:11:16,609 BECAUSE WE DON'T WANT TO PANIC 1642 01:11:16,609 --> 01:11:17,043 PEOPLE. 1643 01:11:17,043 --> 01:11:18,677 OR GIVE THEM FALSE -- OH, MY 1644 01:11:18,677 --> 01:11:19,879 LEVEL IS LOW, AND THEY ARE LEVEL 1645 01:11:19,879 --> 01:11:21,080 IS NOT KNOW. 1646 01:11:21,080 --> 01:11:21,947 >> IT'S COMING. 1647 01:11:21,947 --> 01:11:24,583 WHEN YOU GET THAT GENETIC TEST 1648 01:11:24,583 --> 01:11:26,886 AND THAT PAMPHLET WITH THIS 1649 01:11:26,886 --> 01:11:28,621 PERCENT DNA, HOW GOOD IS THAT? 1650 01:11:28,621 --> 01:11:29,955 IT'S A SIMILAR PROBLEM. 1651 01:11:29,955 --> 01:11:31,490 I TOTALLY UNDERSTAND WHERE 1652 01:11:31,490 --> 01:11:33,459 YOU'RE COMING FROM, AND WHAT ARE 1653 01:11:33,459 --> 01:11:35,361 PEOPLE GOING TO DO WITH THAT 1654 01:11:35,361 --> 01:11:35,661 INFORMATION. 1655 01:11:35,661 --> 01:11:38,297 WE HAVE TO BE PREPARED TO HAVE 1656 01:11:38,297 --> 01:11:43,903 THOSE CONVERSATIONS AS THAT 1657 01:11:43,903 --> 01:11:45,071 INFORMATION BECOMES AVAILABLE. 1658 01:11:45,071 --> 01:11:46,272 >> WE'RE OUT OF TIME. 1659 01:11:46,272 --> 01:11:47,506 >> IMPORTANT FOR BUILDING TRUST 1660 01:11:47,506 --> 01:11:48,374 WITH PHYSICIANS ALSO, SO 1661 01:11:48,374 --> 01:11:50,042 PHYSICIANS NEED TO BE EMPOWERED 1662 01:11:50,042 --> 01:11:51,710 IF THEY ARE CONFRONTED WITH THIS 1663 01:11:51,710 --> 01:11:52,645 INFORMATION, THEY HAVE TO HAVE 1664 01:11:52,645 --> 01:11:54,513 THE ACTION ON THE BACK END AND 1665 01:11:54,513 --> 01:11:56,615 WE ALSO HAVE TO SHOW THAT ACTION 1666 01:11:56,615 --> 01:11:57,817 ACTUALLY MATTERS. 1667 01:11:57,817 --> 01:11:59,218 WHATEVER THAT INVESTMENT IS, IT 1668 01:11:59,218 --> 01:12:00,553 HAS TO MATTER. 1669 01:12:00,553 --> 01:12:02,588 THE LAST THING TO POINT OUT FOR 1670 01:12:02,588 --> 01:12:03,722 EVERYTHING WE'RE GOING TO TALK 1671 01:12:03,722 --> 01:12:05,124 ABOUT OVER THE NEXT LITTLE BIT 1672 01:12:05,124 --> 01:12:07,560 WE WANT TO MAKE SURE IT'S 1673 01:12:07,560 --> 01:12:08,861 ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE. 1674 01:12:08,861 --> 01:12:10,696 WE CAN'T HAVE INTERVENTIONS ONLY 1675 01:12:10,696 --> 01:12:11,730 THE AFFLUENT CAN AFFORD. 1676 01:12:11,730 --> 01:12:13,766 AS WE THINK ABOUT THE REST OF 1677 01:12:13,766 --> 01:12:15,201 THE DAY WHAT THESE INTERVENTIONS 1678 01:12:15,201 --> 01:12:16,402 ARE AND HOW WE'LL IMPLEMENT THEM 1679 01:12:16,402 --> 01:12:18,137 IT'S IMPORTANT TO THINK ABOUT 1680 01:12:18,137 --> 01:12:19,071 ACCESS AND AFFORDABILITY. 1681 01:12:19,071 --> 01:12:20,005 >> I AGREE. 1682 01:12:20,005 --> 01:12:26,145 NEEDS TO BE ACCESSIBLE, 1683 01:12:26,145 --> 01:12:27,113 PRACTICAL, AFFORDABLE. 1684 01:12:27,113 --> 01:12:33,252 EXCELLENT SESSION. 1685 01:12:33,252 --> 01:12:35,321 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 1686 01:12:35,321 --> 01:12:39,692 I'D LIKE TO -- SPEAKING ABOUT 1687 01:12:39,692 --> 01:12:44,063 HOW WE CAN BENEFIT PEOPLE, 1688 01:12:44,063 --> 01:12:50,402 INDIVIDUALS, I'D LIKE TO 1689 01:12:50,402 --> 01:12:53,606 INTRODUCE NEIL McMILLAN FROM 1690 01:12:53,606 --> 01:12:55,007 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 1691 01:12:55,007 --> 01:13:00,279 FIREFIGHTERS, HIS EXPERIENCE AS 1692 01:13:00,279 --> 01:13:01,714 SOMEONE EXPOSED OCCUPATIONALLY 1693 01:13:01,714 --> 01:13:03,449 EXPOSED TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 1694 01:13:03,449 --> 01:13:03,716 CHEMICALS. 1695 01:13:03,716 --> 01:13:14,160 NEIL, PLEASE COME ON UP. 1696 01:13:19,532 --> 01:13:21,433 >> I'M A FIREFIGHTER, WITH THE 1697 01:13:21,433 --> 01:13:22,401 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 1698 01:13:22,401 --> 01:13:22,735 FIREFIGHTERS. 1699 01:13:22,735 --> 01:13:25,905 A BIG PART OF MY JOB IS TO HELP 1700 01:13:25,905 --> 01:13:27,139 SUPPORT OUR 346,000 MEMBERS 1701 01:13:27,139 --> 01:13:30,509 ACROSS THE U.S. AND CANADA 1702 01:13:30,509 --> 01:13:31,877 BECAUSE OF THE UNFORTUNATELY 1703 01:13:31,877 --> 01:13:32,545 OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESSES THEY 1704 01:13:32,545 --> 01:13:34,480 SUFFER IN THE COURSE OF THEIR 1705 01:13:34,480 --> 01:13:34,713 DUTIES. 1706 01:13:34,713 --> 01:13:36,115 SOME OF THOSE EXPOSURES WE SEE 1707 01:13:36,115 --> 01:13:39,718 UP HERE ON THE SCREEN, THIS 1708 01:13:39,718 --> 01:13:41,921 BOSTON FIREFIGHTER COVERED WITH 1709 01:13:41,921 --> 01:13:45,291 PCBs FROM A POWER PLANT FIRE, 1710 01:13:45,291 --> 01:13:46,992 180 ATTENDED THAT FIRE, A FEW 1711 01:13:46,992 --> 01:13:55,935 YEARS AGO, 50 DIAGNOSED WITH 1712 01:13:55,935 --> 01:13:57,169 CANCER UNFORTUNATELY. 1713 01:13:57,169 --> 01:13:58,871 ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF AND 1714 01:13:58,871 --> 01:13:59,405 ENCRITICAL CONDITIONED 1715 01:13:59,405 --> 01:14:02,808 DISRUPTING CHEMICAL WITH MORE 1716 01:14:02,808 --> 01:14:08,514 ATTENTION ON IT RECENTLY, PFOA, 1717 01:14:08,514 --> 01:14:10,349 A PFAS CHEMICAL, NOT NEW WITH 1718 01:14:10,349 --> 01:14:11,016 THE GROUP HERE. 1719 01:14:11,016 --> 01:14:20,092 I'LL START WITH A QUOTE, 1720 01:14:20,092 --> 01:14:22,061 SPEAKING TO THE POINT PUBLIC 1721 01:14:22,061 --> 01:14:24,463 DOLLARS, TIME, ENERGY, HAVE BEEN 1722 01:14:24,463 --> 01:14:27,199 COMMITTED TO UNDERSTAND EFFECTS 1723 01:14:27,199 --> 01:14:27,700 OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 1724 01:14:27,700 --> 01:14:28,968 CHEMICALS, WHILE A LOT OF HEALTH 1725 01:14:28,968 --> 01:14:30,502 EFFECTS HAVE BEEN KNOWN BY 1726 01:14:30,502 --> 01:14:33,339 PEOPLE THAT CREATE AND 1727 01:14:33,339 --> 01:14:34,873 MANUFACTURE AND PROLIFERATE 1728 01:14:34,873 --> 01:14:36,609 CHEMICALS IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS 1729 01:14:36,609 --> 01:14:38,711 AND IN FIRE SERVICE, FIRE 1730 01:14:38,711 --> 01:14:40,346 EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS. 1731 01:14:40,346 --> 01:14:41,213 UNFORTUNATELY, FOR FIREFIGHTERS, 1732 01:14:41,213 --> 01:14:42,414 WE HAVE A HARD TIME 1733 01:14:42,414 --> 01:14:44,817 UNDERSTANDING THE TYPE OF 1734 01:14:44,817 --> 01:14:46,885 SCIENCE AS PROVIDED BY TRUSTED 1735 01:14:46,885 --> 01:14:48,654 VENDORS, I'LL USE AIR QUOTES IN 1736 01:14:48,654 --> 01:14:50,923 THAT, AND OTHERS. 1737 01:14:50,923 --> 01:14:54,860 THEY WILL TOLL US FLUOROPOLYMERS 1738 01:14:54,860 --> 01:14:57,062 POSE NO HEALTH RISKS EVEN WHEN 1739 01:14:57,062 --> 01:14:57,730 HEATED, WHEN INCORPORATED IN 1740 01:14:57,730 --> 01:14:59,698 ARTICLES THAT END UP IN 1741 01:14:59,698 --> 01:15:00,799 FIREFIGHTING PRODUCTS. 1742 01:15:00,799 --> 01:15:02,334 BUT WE HAVE TO LOOK DEEPER AND 1743 01:15:02,334 --> 01:15:04,637 SEE WHEN THESE TYPES OF 1744 01:15:04,637 --> 01:15:08,674 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS ARE PUBLISHED 1745 01:15:08,674 --> 01:15:10,976 BY SCIENTISTS, WORKING STAFF FOR 1746 01:15:10,976 --> 01:15:11,844 CHEMICAL COMPANIES AND 1747 01:15:11,844 --> 01:15:12,945 INDUSTRIES WHO PRODUCE THE 1748 01:15:12,945 --> 01:15:14,013 PRODUCTS THAT WE HAVE TO TAKE 1749 01:15:14,013 --> 01:15:16,548 WITH A GRAIN OF SALT. 1750 01:15:16,548 --> 01:15:18,183 WE WANT TO GRAB EVERYBODY IN 1751 01:15:18,183 --> 01:15:22,588 THIS ROOM TO COME ALONG WITH US 1752 01:15:22,588 --> 01:15:26,392 BECAUSE IT'S IMPORTANT TO 1753 01:15:26,392 --> 01:15:28,060 UNDERSTAND THE INFORMATION. 1754 01:15:28,060 --> 01:15:29,795 WITHOUT ADVOCACY OF SCIENTISTS 1755 01:15:29,795 --> 01:15:32,097 WHO UNDERSTAND THESE PRODUCTS 1756 01:15:32,097 --> 01:15:33,899 AND CHEMICALS WE'RE OUT THERE IN 1757 01:15:33,899 --> 01:15:38,003 THE ETHER BY OURSELVES. 1758 01:15:38,003 --> 01:15:39,104 TALKING WITH FIREFIGHTER 1759 01:15:39,104 --> 01:15:41,840 EXPOSERS, THEY ARE EXTREME, IT'S 1760 01:15:41,840 --> 01:15:43,575 DIFFICULT FROM INDUSTRIAL 1761 01:15:43,575 --> 01:15:45,444 HYGIENE PRODUCT TO QUANTIFY 1762 01:15:45,444 --> 01:15:45,711 EXPOSURES. 1763 01:15:45,711 --> 01:15:48,280 YOU CAN'T SEE THE BUILDING THAT 1764 01:15:48,280 --> 01:15:50,249 WAS BURNING, IN THIS PICTURE. 1765 01:15:50,249 --> 01:15:53,952 YOU CAN SEE AERIAL APPARATUS 1766 01:15:53,952 --> 01:15:56,922 EXTENDING UPWARDS, OUT OF SHOT. 1767 01:15:56,922 --> 01:16:01,193 WE KNOW AS FIREFIGHTERS 97% OF 1768 01:16:01,193 --> 01:16:02,194 PARTICULATE IS INVISIBLE, TOO 1769 01:16:02,194 --> 01:16:04,496 SMALL TO SEE WITH THE NAKED EYE. 1770 01:16:04,496 --> 01:16:07,933 WE CAN'T ESCAPE THE HAZARDOUS 1771 01:16:07,933 --> 01:16:08,467 ENVIRONMENTS, WHETHER 1772 01:16:08,467 --> 01:16:10,369 ATMOSPHERES OR OTHERWISE WE'RE 1773 01:16:10,369 --> 01:16:13,005 EXPOSING OURSELVES TO. 1774 01:16:13,005 --> 01:16:20,245 SOME EXPOSURES WITHIN THAT FIRE 1775 01:16:20,245 --> 01:16:22,414 EFFLUENT INCLUDES PAH, VOV, 1776 01:16:22,414 --> 01:16:25,718 PFAS, OTHER EXPOSURES ARE SLEEP 1777 01:16:25,718 --> 01:16:26,919 DEPRIVATION, SLEEP DISRUPTION, 1778 01:16:26,919 --> 01:16:28,520 ABNORMAL SLEEP CYCLES, TRAUMATIC 1779 01:16:28,520 --> 01:16:31,323 EVENTS THAT PLAY A PART IN 1780 01:16:31,323 --> 01:16:33,492 MAKING IT DIFFICULT FOR 1781 01:16:33,492 --> 01:16:34,093 FIREFIGHTERS TO MITIGATE AND 1782 01:16:34,093 --> 01:16:36,028 REGULATE SOME OF THE OTHER TYPES 1783 01:16:36,028 --> 01:16:38,597 OF EFFECTS FROM EXPOSURES TO 1784 01:16:38,597 --> 01:16:42,601 BPAs AND PTHALATES, ET CETERA. 1785 01:16:42,601 --> 01:16:44,069 ANOTHER THING TO CONCEPTUALIZE, 1786 01:16:44,069 --> 01:16:45,371 WHEN YOU'RE A FIREFIGHTER WE'RE 1787 01:16:45,371 --> 01:16:47,539 GOING TO BE EXPOSED OVER A LONG 1788 01:16:47,539 --> 01:16:49,842 PERIOD OF OUR CAREER TO 1789 01:16:49,842 --> 01:16:51,477 CHEMICALS, BUT NOT NECESSARILY A 1790 01:16:51,477 --> 01:16:53,779 CHRONIC EXPOSURE THAT'S ALWAYS 1791 01:16:53,779 --> 01:16:55,314 LEADING TO ULTIMATE ILLNESSES. 1792 01:16:55,314 --> 01:16:57,282 THERE CAN BE ACUTE EXPOSURE 1793 01:16:57,282 --> 01:16:57,516 EVENTS. 1794 01:16:57,516 --> 01:17:01,453 ONE PICTURE ON THE RIGHT IS A 1795 01:17:01,453 --> 01:17:03,188 PLASTIC RECYCLING PLANT FIRE 1796 01:17:03,188 --> 01:17:04,623 THAT OCCURRED IN HAMILTON, 1797 01:17:04,623 --> 01:17:04,857 ONTARIO. 1798 01:17:04,857 --> 01:17:06,825 A NUMBER OF THOSE FIREFIGHTERS 1799 01:17:06,825 --> 01:17:07,493 ARE STILL SUFFERING 1800 01:17:07,493 --> 01:17:09,027 REPERCUSSIONS OF THE CANCERS AND 1801 01:17:09,027 --> 01:17:10,562 OTHER NEGATIVE HEALTH OUTCOMES 1802 01:17:10,562 --> 01:17:12,965 FROM THAT SINGLE EVENT. 1803 01:17:12,965 --> 01:17:14,833 PARADISE, CALIFORNIA, WHEN IT 1804 01:17:14,833 --> 01:17:16,368 BURNED, BURNED NUMEROUS HOMES, 1805 01:17:16,368 --> 01:17:18,904 LEFT A WAKE OF TRAGEDY WITH 1806 01:17:18,904 --> 01:17:21,507 RESPECT TO HEALTH OUTCOMES TO 1807 01:17:21,507 --> 01:17:23,142 FIREFIGHTERS THERE. 1808 01:17:23,142 --> 01:17:25,210 EAST PALESTINE RAIL DISASTER CAN 1809 01:17:25,210 --> 01:17:26,545 HAPPEN IN ANY COMMUNITY, 1810 01:17:26,545 --> 01:17:28,714 AFFECTING ANY NUMBER OF FIRST 1811 01:17:28,714 --> 01:17:29,815 RESPONDERS. 1812 01:17:29,815 --> 01:17:31,150 THESE ACUTE AND CATASTROPHIC 1813 01:17:31,150 --> 01:17:34,953 SINGLE EXPOSURES ARE INCREASING. 1814 01:17:34,953 --> 01:17:37,055 EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, 1815 01:17:37,055 --> 01:17:39,892 HIGHER INSTANCES OF FIRES, FIRES 1816 01:17:39,892 --> 01:17:43,796 INVOLVING URBAN INTERFACE. 1817 01:17:43,796 --> 01:17:46,665 HURRICANES, GOING TO NEW YORK, 1818 01:17:46,665 --> 01:17:48,534 HURRICANE SANDY, HAWAII, AND 1819 01:17:48,534 --> 01:17:50,402 THESE ARE LEADING AGAIN TO 1820 01:17:50,402 --> 01:17:52,504 INCREASE IN I GUESS CHEMICALS 1821 01:17:52,504 --> 01:17:54,440 AND EXPOSURE INSULTS, IN THE 1822 01:17:54,440 --> 01:17:56,842 FIRE SERVICE. 1823 01:17:56,842 --> 01:17:59,044 UNFORTUNATELY, WE'RE SEEING 1824 01:17:59,044 --> 01:18:00,879 EFFECTS IN CHICKENS COME HOME TO 1825 01:18:00,879 --> 01:18:02,648 ROOST YEAR AFTER YEAR AS WE 1826 01:18:02,648 --> 01:18:07,986 MEMORIALIZE OUR MEMBERS AT OUR 1827 01:18:07,986 --> 01:18:08,320 MEMORIALS. 1828 01:18:08,320 --> 01:18:10,522 COLORADO SPRINGS. 1829 01:18:10,522 --> 01:18:11,490 GETTING BACK TO 1830 01:18:11,490 --> 01:18:12,825 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, 1831 01:18:12,825 --> 01:18:14,460 A NUMBER OF CLASSIC CHEMICALS 1832 01:18:14,460 --> 01:18:17,062 THAT HAD SERIOUS IMPACT ON THE 1833 01:18:17,062 --> 01:18:21,667 FIRE SERVICE ARE FLAME 1834 01:18:21,667 --> 01:18:23,101 RETARDANDS. 1835 01:18:23,101 --> 01:18:28,907 STUDIES ARE CLEAR ABOUT HIGHER 1836 01:18:28,907 --> 01:18:31,410 BLOOD CONCENTRATION AND URINARY 1837 01:18:31,410 --> 01:18:31,910 METABOLITES. 1838 01:18:31,910 --> 01:18:33,145 BECAUSE THEY ARE STILL IN 1839 01:18:33,145 --> 01:18:37,916 PRODUCTS STILL WITHIN HOME, 1840 01:18:37,916 --> 01:18:40,919 HOMES BURN, FIREFIGHTERS ARE 1841 01:18:40,919 --> 01:18:43,021 EXPOSED. 1842 01:18:43,021 --> 01:18:44,656 WE SEE BODY BURNS INCREASE AFTER 1843 01:18:44,656 --> 01:18:46,391 EACH FIRE EVENT. 1844 01:18:46,391 --> 01:18:49,595 IT'S NOT TERRIBLY SURPRISING 1845 01:18:49,595 --> 01:18:52,231 WE'RE SEEING HIGH CONCENTRATIONS 1846 01:18:52,231 --> 01:18:54,666 OF FLAME RETARDANT, THIS STUDY 1847 01:18:54,666 --> 01:18:56,301 SHOWED LEVELS IN FEMALE 1848 01:18:56,301 --> 01:18:58,504 FIREFIGHTERS AND EFFECTS OF 1849 01:18:58,504 --> 01:19:00,606 THYROID HORMONE EFFECTS FROM 1850 01:19:00,606 --> 01:19:02,941 FLAME RETARDANTS WITHIN THEIR 1851 01:19:02,941 --> 01:19:03,675 BODIES. 1852 01:19:03,675 --> 01:19:08,614 A NUMBER OF FLAME RETARDANTS 1853 01:19:08,614 --> 01:19:11,216 AGAIN TRANSITIONED OUT BUT 1854 01:19:11,216 --> 01:19:13,285 ABSOLUTE EFFECTS IS INDISPUTTED 1855 01:19:13,285 --> 01:19:14,953 AND WE NEED TO BETTER UNDERSTAND 1856 01:19:14,953 --> 01:19:17,122 SOME OF THESE ULTIMATE HEALTH 1857 01:19:17,122 --> 01:19:20,526 OUTCOMES, THAT'S WHY WE COME 1858 01:19:20,526 --> 01:19:22,160 HERE AND COLLABORATE WITH ALL OF 1859 01:19:22,160 --> 01:19:26,965 YOU TO HELP UNDERSTAND SO WE CAN 1860 01:19:26,965 --> 01:19:29,268 MAYBE PURSUE SOME REGULATORY 1861 01:19:29,268 --> 01:19:30,035 INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE 1862 01:19:30,035 --> 01:19:30,936 NECESSARY. 1863 01:19:30,936 --> 01:19:31,770 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 1864 01:19:31,770 --> 01:19:32,771 FIREFIGHTERS, WE'RE NOT THE 1865 01:19:32,771 --> 01:19:34,106 BIGGEST UNION. 1866 01:19:34,106 --> 01:19:37,042 WE HAVE 346,000 MEMBERS, 1867 01:19:37,042 --> 01:19:37,943 STEELWORKERS ARE BIGGER, 1868 01:19:37,943 --> 01:19:40,345 TEAMSTERS ARE BIGGER, BUT WE 1869 01:19:40,345 --> 01:19:42,214 HAVE A BRAND THAT'S PRICELESS, 1870 01:19:42,214 --> 01:19:45,050 INVALUABLE, BUILT ON THE BACK OF 1871 01:19:45,050 --> 01:19:48,520 FIREFIGHTERS THAT PASSED AWAY 1872 01:19:48,520 --> 01:19:49,187 AND SACRIFICED THEIR LIVES IN 1873 01:19:49,187 --> 01:19:50,956 THE LINE OF DUTY. 1874 01:19:50,956 --> 01:19:54,226 WE DO HAVE INFLUENCE WITHIN 1875 01:19:54,226 --> 01:19:56,161 FEDERAL AND STATE LEGISLATURES 1876 01:19:56,161 --> 01:19:57,829 TO HELP ADVANCE LEGISLATION, 1877 01:19:57,829 --> 01:19:59,464 CURRENTLY WE HAVE GOVERNMENT 1878 01:19:59,464 --> 01:20:03,402 AFFAIRS TEAM THAT'S WORKING ON I 1879 01:20:03,402 --> 01:20:05,237 BELIEVE THREE DOZEN BILLS 1880 01:20:05,237 --> 01:20:06,905 SPECIFIC TO PFAS ACROSS THE U.S. 1881 01:20:06,905 --> 01:20:07,673 AND CANADA. 1882 01:20:07,673 --> 01:20:09,308 BECAUSE OF THAT WE NEED TO HAVE 1883 01:20:09,308 --> 01:20:10,742 THE BEST AND CURRENT INFORMATION 1884 01:20:10,742 --> 01:20:11,410 MOVING FORWARD. 1885 01:20:11,410 --> 01:20:16,214 WE KNOW THERE ARE PPEs NOT 1886 01:20:16,214 --> 01:20:19,384 PROTECTING US FULLY, AREAS OF 1887 01:20:19,384 --> 01:20:22,220 HIGH ABSORBENCY IN SKIN ARE 1888 01:20:22,220 --> 01:20:23,088 SATURATED WITH FLAME RETARDANTS 1889 01:20:23,088 --> 01:20:24,723 FROM FIRES, AND MORE ALARMING 1890 01:20:24,723 --> 01:20:26,592 AND DISTURBING TO US KNOWING 1891 01:20:26,592 --> 01:20:29,761 THAT NUMBER OF EXPOSURES ARE 1892 01:20:29,761 --> 01:20:30,963 UNAVOIDABLE IS FLAME RETARDANTS 1893 01:20:30,963 --> 01:20:35,567 ARE ENGINEERS INTO OUR PPE 1894 01:20:35,567 --> 01:20:36,234 UNFORTUNATELY. 1895 01:20:36,234 --> 01:20:37,970 BEING VOLATILIZED WHEN WE ENTER 1896 01:20:37,970 --> 01:20:38,837 FIRE ENVIRONMENTS, SOMETHING 1897 01:20:38,837 --> 01:20:40,372 THAT WE TAKE EXCEPTION TO AND 1898 01:20:40,372 --> 01:20:43,108 LEAN BACK TO THE ORIGINAL SLIDE, 1899 01:20:43,108 --> 01:20:46,078 A AND COMMENT BY DR. PHILIP 1900 01:20:46,078 --> 01:20:47,479 GRANDJEAN, WE SHOULD KNOW THESE 1901 01:20:47,479 --> 01:20:52,084 THINGS BEFORE WE START CLOTHING 1902 01:20:52,084 --> 01:20:54,052 OURSELVES IN THESE HAZARDS. 1903 01:20:54,052 --> 01:20:58,090 EFFECTS OF FLAME RETARDANTS ARE 1904 01:20:58,090 --> 01:21:01,159 ABSOLUTE FROM OUR GEAR ALONE. 1905 01:21:01,159 --> 01:21:03,228 NEW GLOVE AND HOODS SHOW 1906 01:21:03,228 --> 01:21:03,996 ESTROGEN ACTIVITY. 1907 01:21:03,996 --> 01:21:14,172 OLD AND USED HOODS AND GLOVES 1908 01:21:14,172 --> 01:21:16,942 SHOW ANTI- ESTROGENIC EFFECTS. 1909 01:21:16,942 --> 01:21:21,313 WE'RE HARVESTERS AND DEPOSITORS 1910 01:21:21,313 --> 01:21:22,147 OF CHEMICALS. 1911 01:21:22,147 --> 01:21:24,249 WE TAKE GEAR BACK TO FIRE HOUSE, 1912 01:21:24,249 --> 01:21:28,086 CLEAN THEM IN SPACES WE USE, 1913 01:21:28,086 --> 01:21:29,721 FITNESS, WE HOST PANCAKE 1914 01:21:29,721 --> 01:21:31,056 BREAKFAST, BRING IN NEIGHBORHOOD 1915 01:21:31,056 --> 01:21:33,125 DAY CARES AND PRESCHOOLS TO COME 1916 01:21:33,125 --> 01:21:34,226 INTO THE AREAS. 1917 01:21:34,226 --> 01:21:36,528 THERE ARE AREAS THAT WE 1918 01:21:36,528 --> 01:21:40,432 UNFORTUNATELY SPREAD A LOT OF 1919 01:21:40,432 --> 01:21:41,900 THESE EDC CHEMICALS. 1920 01:21:41,900 --> 01:21:43,635 NOT SURPRISING A NUMBER ARE 1921 01:21:43,635 --> 01:21:46,571 FOUND IN HIGH CONCENTRATIONS 1922 01:21:46,571 --> 01:21:47,572 WITHIN FIRE STATIONS, 1923 01:21:47,572 --> 01:21:48,440 INFORMATION SPECIFIC TO 1924 01:21:48,440 --> 01:21:53,245 CALIFORNIA, BUT THE USUAL 1925 01:21:53,245 --> 01:21:58,183 SUSPECTS IN HIGH CONCENTRATIONS, 1926 01:21:58,183 --> 01:22:01,687 BD 209, BD 47, REPLICATED ACROSS 1927 01:22:01,687 --> 01:22:04,523 OTHER STATES, CONSISTENT. 1928 01:22:04,523 --> 01:22:06,058 FIREFIGHTING IS VERY SIMILAR 1929 01:22:06,058 --> 01:22:07,959 ACROSS STATE TO STATE AND 1930 01:22:07,959 --> 01:22:09,594 UNFORTUNATELY THE CONCENTRATIONS 1931 01:22:09,594 --> 01:22:11,763 OF FLAME RETARDANDS IN FIRE 1932 01:22:11,763 --> 01:22:13,398 STATION DUST IS QUITE HIGH STATE 1933 01:22:13,398 --> 01:22:17,936 TO STATE WHICH BRINGS ME TO THE 1934 01:22:17,936 --> 01:22:18,870 NEXT AREA OF 1935 01:22:18,870 --> 01:22:19,504 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, 1936 01:22:19,504 --> 01:22:21,506 VERY IMPORTANT TO THE FIRE 1937 01:22:21,506 --> 01:22:22,708 SERVICE, PFAS. 1938 01:22:22,708 --> 01:22:26,111 THESE CHEMICALS AS WE HEARD ARE 1939 01:22:26,111 --> 01:22:30,048 DESIGNED INTO CONSUMER PRODUCTS, 1940 01:22:30,048 --> 01:22:31,583 BUILDING COMPONENTS, WHETHER 1941 01:22:31,583 --> 01:22:36,054 SHINGLES, SEALERS FOR CONCEIT 1942 01:22:36,054 --> 01:22:40,859 COUNTER TOPS, PAINT, TEXTILES, A 1943 01:22:40,859 --> 01:22:42,928 DRAPES, WIRING, AND AQUEOUS FORM 1944 01:22:42,928 --> 01:22:45,230 WHICH RESULTED IN GROUND WATER 1945 01:22:45,230 --> 01:22:46,331 AND SURFACE WATER CONTAMINATION, 1946 01:22:46,331 --> 01:22:48,500 AND JUST LIKE THE FLAME 1947 01:22:48,500 --> 01:22:52,471 RETARDANDS ENGINEERED INTO OUR 1948 01:22:52,471 --> 01:22:53,238 TURNOUT CLOTHING, THAT'S 1949 01:22:53,238 --> 01:22:54,873 CLOTHING FIREFIGHTERS SOMETIMES 1950 01:22:54,873 --> 01:22:58,944 WEAR FOR 48 HOURS, 72 HOURS IN A 1951 01:22:58,944 --> 01:23:01,146 ROW, A FIREFIGHTER GETS FORCED 1952 01:23:01,146 --> 01:23:02,214 INTO MANDATORY OVERTIME AND IT 1953 01:23:02,214 --> 01:23:04,616 CAN GO BEYOND THAT. 1954 01:23:04,616 --> 01:23:06,952 WE'RE SEEING PFAS IN FIRE 1955 01:23:06,952 --> 01:23:08,553 STATION DUST, A STUDY OUT OF 1956 01:23:08,553 --> 01:23:13,058 AUSTRALIA, AS COMPARED TO HOMES, 1957 01:23:13,058 --> 01:23:14,926 RESIDENTIAL SETTINGS HIGH 1958 01:23:14,926 --> 01:23:17,229 CONCENTRATION OF PFAS, A STUDY 1959 01:23:17,229 --> 01:23:18,330 IN 2020 SHOWED SIMILAR HIGH 1960 01:23:18,330 --> 01:23:20,899 CONCENTRATIONS IN U.S. AND 1961 01:23:20,899 --> 01:23:23,902 CANADIAN FIRE STATIONS, A LOT OF 1962 01:23:23,902 --> 01:23:30,242 GREAT WORK BY DR. PEASLY AND 1963 01:23:30,242 --> 01:23:31,042 OTHERS, TURNOUT GEAR HAS HIGH 1964 01:23:31,042 --> 01:23:33,678 CONCENTRATIONS BUT A NUMBER OF 1965 01:23:33,678 --> 01:23:37,149 PFAS LIBERATED FROM OUR GEAR 1966 01:23:37,149 --> 01:23:38,583 DURING REGULAR ABRASION, 1967 01:23:38,583 --> 01:23:39,785 LAUNDERING, USE, AND WHEN 1968 01:23:39,785 --> 01:23:40,452 HEATED. 1969 01:23:40,452 --> 01:23:44,022 AS WE HEARD THERE'S DEGRADATION 1970 01:23:44,022 --> 01:23:44,823 PRODUCTS DR. BIRNBAUM MENTION 1971 01:23:44,823 --> 01:23:49,227 THAT ADD TO THAT WIDER SCOPE OF 1972 01:23:49,227 --> 01:23:50,762 PFAS CONTAMINATION. 1973 01:23:50,762 --> 01:23:52,998 THIS IS WHAT'S DIFFICULT FOR US 1974 01:23:52,998 --> 01:23:54,666 TO ACCEPT BECAUSE A LOT OF 1975 01:23:54,666 --> 01:23:55,534 STUDIES, THESE ARE STUDIES 1976 01:23:55,534 --> 01:23:58,737 ALLOWING US TO SHED LIGHT AS AN 1977 01:23:58,737 --> 01:24:00,472 OCCUPATION ON THESE CHEMICALS 1978 01:24:00,472 --> 01:24:04,176 BUT THEY ARE BEING PUSHED BY 1979 01:24:04,176 --> 01:24:05,744 SPOUSES OF FIREFIGHTERS, YOU 1980 01:24:05,744 --> 01:24:07,479 KNOW, DIAGNOSED WITH CANCERS, 1981 01:24:07,479 --> 01:24:09,447 AND OTHER ILLNESSES, BY MOTHERS 1982 01:24:09,447 --> 01:24:10,315 OF FIREFIGHTERS WHO PASSED AWAY 1983 01:24:10,315 --> 01:24:13,385 IN THE LINE OF DUTY, AND IT'S 1984 01:24:13,385 --> 01:24:15,787 REALLY INCUMBENT ON WIDER 1985 01:24:15,787 --> 01:24:17,088 ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE SKILL 1986 01:24:17,088 --> 01:24:18,857 AND EXPERTISE TO ASSIST SO THE 1987 01:24:18,857 --> 01:24:21,226 BURDEN DOESN'T FALL ON THOSE 1988 01:24:21,226 --> 01:24:28,700 AFFECTED DIRECTLY TO DO THAT 1989 01:24:28,700 --> 01:24:29,267 RESEARCH. 1990 01:24:29,267 --> 01:24:34,606 HEATING OF THESE TURNOUT GEAR 1991 01:24:34,606 --> 01:24:35,307 PRODUCTS, ALCOHOLS ARE 1992 01:24:35,307 --> 01:24:40,545 LIBERATED, THERE'S WORK OUT OF 1993 01:24:40,545 --> 01:24:41,179 HEALTHCANADA, IT'S PRELIMINARY, 1994 01:24:41,179 --> 01:24:42,814 SEEING THE SAME ALCOHOLS BEING 1995 01:24:42,814 --> 01:24:46,218 LICK RATED AS LOW AS 38 DEGREES, 1996 01:24:46,218 --> 01:24:49,821 ALARMING FOR US TO SEE. 1997 01:24:49,821 --> 01:24:51,256 ANDY YOUNG AND COLLEAGUES IN 1998 01:24:51,256 --> 01:24:53,558 THEIR FIRE STATION DUST STUDY 1999 01:24:53,558 --> 01:24:55,627 FOUND SIGNIFICANTLY HIGH LEVELS 2000 01:24:55,627 --> 01:24:57,596 OF PFAS WITHIN FIRE STATIONS 2001 01:24:57,596 --> 01:25:00,065 WITH HIGHEST LEVELS BEING WITHIN 2002 01:25:00,065 --> 01:25:03,201 TURNOUT GEAR LOCKER ROOMS 2003 01:25:03,201 --> 01:25:04,035 INDICATING LIKELIHOOD OF 2004 01:25:04,035 --> 01:25:08,907 CARBOXYLATES ARE COMING FROM A 2005 01:25:08,907 --> 01:25:10,108 TEXTILE SOURCE. 2006 01:25:10,108 --> 01:25:15,580 SO, HOW DOES THIS TRANSLATE TO 2007 01:25:15,580 --> 01:25:15,847 EXPOSURE? 2008 01:25:15,847 --> 01:25:20,218 DERMAL FLUX STUDIES RELATED HOW 2009 01:25:20,218 --> 01:25:24,556 DERMAL EXPOSURE TO PFAS 2010 01:25:24,556 --> 01:25:26,524 SIGNIFICANT ROUTES, INHALATION 2011 01:25:26,524 --> 01:25:28,727 TO VOLATILE PFASS, GETTING A 2012 01:25:28,727 --> 01:25:31,930 BETTER CONCEPTUAL IDEA OF HOW 2013 01:25:31,930 --> 01:25:33,198 THESE CHEMICALS ARE ENTERING 2014 01:25:33,198 --> 01:25:34,199 FIREFIGHTERS, SOMETHING WE NEED 2015 01:25:34,199 --> 01:25:38,236 TO SEE MORE WORK IN. 2016 01:25:38,236 --> 01:25:42,040 NASA DID A GREAT JOB IDENTIFYING 2017 01:25:42,040 --> 01:25:42,707 GUIDELINES, FIREFIGHTERS ARE 2018 01:25:42,707 --> 01:25:43,909 MENTIONED AS BEING A POPULATION 2019 01:25:43,909 --> 01:25:45,911 AT RISK. 2020 01:25:45,911 --> 01:25:48,513 I HAVE TO CREDIT ALICIA BARBER, 2021 01:25:48,513 --> 01:25:51,149 A SPOUSE OF A FIREFIGHTER NATE 2022 01:25:51,149 --> 01:25:54,119 BARBER IN NANTUCKET, NATE IS A 2023 01:25:54,119 --> 01:26:04,596 CANCER SURVIVOR, TESTICULAR 2024 01:26:11,503 --> 01:26:14,606 CANCER, PROPER ATTENTION IS PAID 2025 01:26:14,606 --> 01:26:16,875 IN THIS POPULATION. 2026 01:26:16,875 --> 01:26:19,311 STUDIES HAVE SHOWN UP TO 74% 2027 01:26:19,311 --> 01:26:21,246 HIGHER THAN GENERAL PUBLIC FOR 2028 01:26:21,246 --> 01:26:22,180 CERTAIN PFAS. 2029 01:26:22,180 --> 01:26:24,916 A NUMBER OF THESE PFAS CHEMICALS 2030 01:26:24,916 --> 01:26:27,986 BEING FOUND COMING OFF OUR GEAR 2031 01:26:27,986 --> 01:26:36,628 AND AAAF ARE ASSOCIATED WITH 2032 01:26:36,628 --> 01:26:41,232 CANCER AFFECTING FIREFIGHTERS AT 2033 01:26:41,232 --> 01:26:43,435 HIGHER RATES. 2034 01:26:43,435 --> 01:26:44,936 ONE STUDY WITHIN FIREFIGHTERS, 2035 01:26:44,936 --> 01:26:47,372 IF YOU MIRROR HIGH 2036 01:26:47,372 --> 01:26:48,573 CONCENTRATIONS, SCHOLARLY 2037 01:26:48,573 --> 01:26:51,409 ARTICLES RELATED TO THOSE, JUST 2038 01:26:51,409 --> 01:26:53,144 THREE SPECIFIC PFAS OUT OF 2039 01:26:53,144 --> 01:26:56,982 THOUSANDS, WE SEE LUNG CANCER, 2040 01:26:56,982 --> 01:26:57,983 PROSTATE CANCER, ENDOMETRIOSIS 2041 01:26:57,983 --> 01:27:00,485 AND NEGATIVE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2042 01:27:00,485 --> 01:27:01,486 OUTCOMES ARE ALSO ASSOCIATED 2043 01:27:01,486 --> 01:27:04,656 JUST WITH THE THREE CHEMICALS. 2044 01:27:04,656 --> 01:27:06,224 IF YOU'RE A MILITARY 2045 01:27:06,224 --> 01:27:09,461 FIREFIGHTER, INDUSTRIAL 2046 01:27:09,461 --> 01:27:13,898 FIREFIGHTER, YOU DEAL WITH AFFF, 2047 01:27:13,898 --> 01:27:17,235 HIGH CONCENTRATIONS WITH FOUND 2048 01:27:17,235 --> 01:27:20,872 IN BLOOD SERUM. 2049 01:27:20,872 --> 01:27:22,207 STUDIES OUT OF SAN FRANCISCO 2050 01:27:22,207 --> 01:27:27,879 HAVE SHOWN HIGH LEVELS IN 2051 01:27:27,879 --> 01:27:31,049 FEMALES OF PFNA AND PFHxS, AS 2052 01:27:31,049 --> 01:27:33,118 COMPARED TO OFFICE WORKERS. 2053 01:27:33,118 --> 01:27:35,186 BACK TO MY ORIGINAL SLIDES HOW 2054 01:27:35,186 --> 01:27:37,722 DO WE INTERPRET THIS 2055 01:27:37,722 --> 01:27:38,490 INFORMATION? 2056 01:27:38,490 --> 01:27:39,391 MANUFACTURERS HIRED THEIR OWN 2057 01:27:39,391 --> 01:27:40,825 SCIENTISTS TO REVIEW THAT STUDY 2058 01:27:40,825 --> 01:27:42,994 AND SAID THIS STUDY SHOWS PFAS 2059 01:27:42,994 --> 01:27:44,195 AND FIREFIGHTERS WERE CONSISTENT 2060 01:27:44,195 --> 01:27:52,637 WITH THOSE OF OFFICE WORKERS. 2061 01:27:52,637 --> 01:27:57,042 DR. MORELLO-FROSH SAID THEY 2062 01:27:57,042 --> 01:27:59,110 IGNORED LARGE PORTIONS OF THAT 2063 01:27:59,110 --> 01:28:00,078 PAPER. 2064 01:28:00,078 --> 01:28:02,180 DILUTING OF SCIENCE IS A 2065 01:28:02,180 --> 01:28:03,248 PROBLEM, THROWS BARRIERS AND 2066 01:28:03,248 --> 01:28:06,217 CHALLENGES FOR US TO UNDERSTAND 2067 01:28:06,217 --> 01:28:09,487 AND ADDRESS THESE CONCERNS, WE 2068 01:28:09,487 --> 01:28:10,355 NEED MORE HELP. 2069 01:28:10,355 --> 01:28:14,626 A NUMBER OF OTHER STUDIES 2070 01:28:14,626 --> 01:28:16,094 SHOWING HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS, 2071 01:28:16,094 --> 01:28:18,063 I'LL CLICK THROUGH A FEW. 2072 01:28:18,063 --> 01:28:20,765 STUDIES IN THE AUSTRALIA, U.S., 2073 01:28:20,765 --> 01:28:22,734 CZECH FIREFIGHTERS SEEING HIGH 2074 01:28:22,734 --> 01:28:24,836 LEVELS OF PFAS COMPARED TO THE 2075 01:28:24,836 --> 01:28:26,237 GENERAL PUBLIC. 2076 01:28:26,237 --> 01:28:27,338 AND GREAT EPIGENETIC WORK, 2077 01:28:27,338 --> 01:28:29,407 ACROSS A SLEW OF EPIGENETIC 2078 01:28:29,407 --> 01:28:31,142 CLOCK MODELS, HIGH 2079 01:28:31,142 --> 01:28:32,811 CONCENTRATIONS OF PFAS IN 2080 01:28:32,811 --> 01:28:34,579 FIREFIGHTER BLOOD SHOWS ADVANCED 2081 01:28:34,579 --> 01:28:35,013 EPIGENETIC AGING. 2082 01:28:35,013 --> 01:28:38,516 SO WHEN IT COMES TO HEALTH 2083 01:28:38,516 --> 01:28:39,150 EFFECTS, FIREFIGHTERS TYPICALLY, 2084 01:28:39,150 --> 01:28:44,422 YOU KNOW, A BUNCH OF YOUNG 2085 01:28:44,422 --> 01:28:47,959 THUNDER CATS, HIRING OUT OF PRO 2086 01:28:47,959 --> 01:28:48,827 SPORTS, SEMI-PRO SPORTS, 2087 01:28:48,827 --> 01:28:52,130 MILITARY, LOW RATES OF 2088 01:28:52,130 --> 01:28:53,998 LIFESTYLE-RELATED ILLNESS AND 2089 01:28:53,998 --> 01:28:55,967 DISEASES, ARTHRITIS, DIABETES, 2090 01:28:55,967 --> 01:28:57,402 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, KIDNEY 2091 01:28:57,402 --> 01:28:58,503 DISEASE, COPD, LOW, LOW RATES AS 2092 01:28:58,503 --> 01:29:01,573 COMPARED TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC. 2093 01:29:01,573 --> 01:29:02,640 WE EXPECT TO SEE HEALTH 2094 01:29:02,640 --> 01:29:04,409 CONDITIONS LOWER THAN THE 2095 01:29:04,409 --> 01:29:06,144 GENERAL PUBLIC, WE SELECT OUT 2096 01:29:06,144 --> 01:29:07,245 INDIVIDUALS THAT HAVE 2097 01:29:07,245 --> 01:29:08,113 PREEXISTING HEALTH CONDITIONS, 2098 01:29:08,113 --> 01:29:13,151 AND WE PROMOTE PHYSICAL FITNESS 2099 01:29:13,151 --> 01:29:14,586 AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLES. 2100 01:29:14,586 --> 01:29:16,988 WE SEE HIGH LEVELS 2101 01:29:16,988 --> 01:29:18,189 UNFORTUNATELY, HIGH RATES, HIGH 2102 01:29:18,189 --> 01:29:21,025 MORTALITIES OF CANCERS I 2103 01:29:21,025 --> 01:29:23,661 MENTIONED EARLIER AND HIGH RATES 2104 01:29:23,661 --> 01:29:26,731 OF NEGATIVE BIRTH OUTCOMES, 2105 01:29:26,731 --> 01:29:30,135 PRE-TERM DELIVERIES, LOW BIRTH 2106 01:29:30,135 --> 01:29:34,305 WEIGHTS, OFFSPRING OF 2107 01:29:34,305 --> 01:29:34,939 FIREFIGHTERS. 2108 01:29:34,939 --> 01:29:37,775 ONE STUDY OUT OF KOREA NEGATIVE 2109 01:29:37,775 --> 01:29:38,977 HEALTH OUTCOMES ELEVATED IN 2110 01:29:38,977 --> 01:29:41,646 FIREFIGHTERS THAT THEY WERE 2111 01:29:41,646 --> 01:29:42,480 STUDYING, THAT'S ALARMING, 2112 01:29:42,480 --> 01:29:45,250 KNOWING THAT A NUMBER OF 2113 01:29:45,250 --> 01:29:46,184 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS 2114 01:29:46,184 --> 01:29:50,255 ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THOSE 2115 01:29:50,255 --> 01:29:51,456 NEGATIVE BIRTHS, REPRODUCTIVE 2116 01:29:51,456 --> 01:29:53,658 OUTCOMES, WE CAN'T HELP BUT 2117 01:29:53,658 --> 01:29:55,426 BELIEVE WHERE THERE'S SMOKE 2118 01:29:55,426 --> 01:29:56,127 THERE'S FIRE. 2119 01:29:56,127 --> 01:29:58,329 WE'RE SEEING ALL SORTS OF HIGH 2120 01:29:58,329 --> 01:30:01,432 INSTANCES OF A NUMBER OF DEFECTS 2121 01:30:01,432 --> 01:30:04,269 WITHIN OFFSPRING OF 2122 01:30:04,269 --> 01:30:06,571 FIREFIGHTERS, WE'RE SEEING 2123 01:30:06,571 --> 01:30:09,407 CHILDREN OF FIREFIGHTERS BORN 2124 01:30:09,407 --> 01:30:10,708 WITH CARDIAC CONGENITAL 2125 01:30:10,708 --> 01:30:11,809 ABNORMALITIES, AGAIN NOT 2126 01:30:11,809 --> 01:30:13,011 SURPRISING, A NUMBER OF PFAS 2127 01:30:13,011 --> 01:30:17,515 WHICH HAS BEEN TESTED IN 2128 01:30:17,515 --> 01:30:21,686 FIREFIGHTERS AT HIGHER 2129 01:30:21,686 --> 01:30:26,457 CONCENTRATION LIKE PFDOA, 2130 01:30:26,457 --> 01:30:32,263 ASSOCIATED WITH DEFECTS. 2131 01:30:32,263 --> 01:30:33,798 RESEARCH BEING CONSISTENT 2132 01:30:33,798 --> 01:30:35,133 SHOWING BASICALLY FEMALE 2133 01:30:35,133 --> 01:30:35,934 FIREFIGHTERS CONSISTENTLY 2134 01:30:35,934 --> 01:30:39,504 SHOWING A THIRD LEVEL REDUCTION 2135 01:30:39,504 --> 01:30:40,672 IN AMH VALUES COMPARED TO 2136 01:30:40,672 --> 01:30:47,912 FEMALES IN THE SAME AGE AND 2137 01:30:47,912 --> 01:30:49,347 GENERAL PUBLIC. 2138 01:30:49,347 --> 01:30:52,016 FROM A CANCER STANDPOINT IT'S 2139 01:30:52,016 --> 01:30:53,184 CONCERNING, LET ALONE 2140 01:30:53,184 --> 01:30:54,786 REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES. 2141 01:30:54,786 --> 01:30:56,888 THE REAL TAKEHOME MESSAGE FOR 2142 01:30:56,888 --> 01:30:58,923 US, WE HAVE A LOT OF CHALLENGES 2143 01:30:58,923 --> 01:31:02,093 IN THE FIRE SERVICE. 2144 01:31:02,093 --> 01:31:04,729 SINCE COVID, THE OCCUPATION IS 2145 01:31:04,729 --> 01:31:06,965 MORE MOBILE, ABILITIES TO WORK 2146 01:31:06,965 --> 01:31:09,133 FROM HOME AND OTHER OPTIONS, 2147 01:31:09,133 --> 01:31:10,768 RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION IS A 2148 01:31:10,768 --> 01:31:11,035 STRUGGLE. 2149 01:31:11,035 --> 01:31:13,071 CERTAIN COMMUNITIES IN THE AREA, 2150 01:31:13,071 --> 01:31:14,572 FIREFIGHTERS MAKE $15 AN HOUR, 2151 01:31:14,572 --> 01:31:17,909 COULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR WORKING 2152 01:31:17,909 --> 01:31:19,444 66 HOURS A WEEK, ADDITIONAL 2153 01:31:19,444 --> 01:31:21,412 OVERTIME ON TOP OF THAT. 2154 01:31:21,412 --> 01:31:22,614 FIREFIGHTING IS GENERATIONAL. 2155 01:31:22,614 --> 01:31:24,148 THERE'S NEPOTISM FOR SURE. 2156 01:31:24,148 --> 01:31:26,351 WE DEPEND ON IT AS AN INDUSTRY. 2157 01:31:26,351 --> 01:31:28,286 WE DEPEND ON IT AS AN 2158 01:31:28,286 --> 01:31:29,520 OCCUPATION, AS PEOPLE THAT 2159 01:31:29,520 --> 01:31:30,822 RESIDE IN THESE COMMUNITIES 2160 01:31:30,822 --> 01:31:32,457 SERVED BY FIREFIGHTERS. 2161 01:31:32,457 --> 01:31:35,727 IT'S NOT UNCOMMON TO HAVE 2162 01:31:35,727 --> 01:31:37,795 GRANDFATHER, YOUR MOTHER, YOUR 2163 01:31:37,795 --> 01:31:38,596 COUSINS, YOUR BROTHERS AND 2164 01:31:38,596 --> 01:31:40,865 SISTERS ALL IN THAT SAME 2165 01:31:40,865 --> 01:31:41,633 OCCUPATION. 2166 01:31:41,633 --> 01:31:43,901 THIS IS WHAT'S AT STAKE. 2167 01:31:43,901 --> 01:31:47,005 IF WE DON'T START ADDRESSING 2168 01:31:47,005 --> 01:31:49,540 ESPECIALLY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2169 01:31:49,540 --> 01:31:50,742 OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH 2170 01:31:50,742 --> 01:31:52,677 EXPOSURES, WE NEED LEGACY 2171 01:31:52,677 --> 01:31:53,278 FIREFIGHTERS, GENERATIONAL 2172 01:31:53,278 --> 01:31:56,547 FIREFIGHTERS TO FILL OUR RANKS. 2173 01:31:56,547 --> 01:32:00,585 BECAUSE OF THAT WE NEED TO HAVE 2174 01:32:00,585 --> 01:32:01,352 ADDITIONAL ATTENTION BEING SPENT 2175 01:32:01,352 --> 01:32:03,087 ON THIS BECAUSE THE FUTURE OF 2176 01:32:03,087 --> 01:32:05,490 THE AMERICAN FIRE SERVICE MAY 2177 01:32:05,490 --> 01:32:06,824 RELY ON SOLUTIONS COMING OUT OF 2178 01:32:06,824 --> 01:32:08,459 THIS GROUP AND OTHERS TO HELP 2179 01:32:08,459 --> 01:32:09,394 ADDRESS THAT PROBLEM. 2180 01:32:09,394 --> 01:32:12,297 AND WITH THAT I WANT TO THANK 2181 01:32:12,297 --> 01:32:22,674 Y'ALL FOR YOUR TIME. 2182 01:32:40,425 --> 01:32:44,862 >> TALKING ABOUT CONGENITAL 2183 01:32:44,862 --> 01:32:47,332 HEART DEFECTS, I THINK IT 2184 01:32:47,332 --> 01:32:50,435 ALLUDES TO GREATER CONCERN, 2185 01:32:50,435 --> 01:32:50,968 MULTI-GENERATIONAL AND 2186 01:32:50,968 --> 01:32:51,636 TRANSGENERATIONAL EFFECTS. 2187 01:32:51,636 --> 01:32:54,238 EVEN IF THERE'S NOT OVERT 2188 01:32:54,238 --> 01:32:55,006 CONGENITAL WE NEED TO CONSIDER, 2189 01:32:55,006 --> 01:32:58,643 YOU KNOW, THOSE THAT MIGHT BE 2190 01:32:58,643 --> 01:33:00,478 SEEN LATER AS CHILDREN AND 2191 01:33:00,478 --> 01:33:01,713 GRANDCHILDREN START AGING. 2192 01:33:01,713 --> 01:33:03,781 I JUST WONDER IF WE'VE STARTED 2193 01:33:03,781 --> 01:33:08,353 TO DEVELOP RESEARCH TO LOOK AT 2194 01:33:08,353 --> 01:33:09,887 CHILDREN OF THOSE THAT BRAVELY 2195 01:33:09,887 --> 01:33:12,390 WENT INTO THE WORLD TRADE 2196 01:33:12,390 --> 01:33:13,725 CENTER, FIGHTING THE CALIFORNIA 2197 01:33:13,725 --> 01:33:14,325 FIREFIGHTERS, WHERE ATTENTION 2198 01:33:14,325 --> 01:33:18,229 NEEDS TO BE LOOKED AT, 2199 01:33:18,229 --> 01:33:19,630 DESCENDANTS AS WELL. 2200 01:33:19,630 --> 01:33:22,133 >> EXCELLENT POINT. 2201 01:33:22,133 --> 01:33:23,801 THE WORLD TRADE CENTER HEALTH 2202 01:33:23,801 --> 01:33:25,937 CENTER PROGRAM IS AN AMAZING 2203 01:33:25,937 --> 01:33:27,305 COHORT, 70,000 INDIVIDUALS 2204 01:33:27,305 --> 01:33:27,839 ENROLLED. 2205 01:33:27,839 --> 01:33:29,540 WE'RE HOPING TO SEE MORE 2206 01:33:29,540 --> 01:33:31,676 INFORMATION COME FROM THAT. 2207 01:33:31,676 --> 01:33:34,612 THE STUDY OUT OF TORONTO IS FROM 2208 01:33:34,612 --> 01:33:35,713 1993 OR 1997. 2209 01:33:35,713 --> 01:33:46,157 IT'S TOO LONG TO WAIT FOR 2210 01:33:47,158 --> 01:33:49,394 UPDATED INFORMATION. 2211 01:33:49,394 --> 01:33:52,029 TOO MANY ARE GENERATIONAL, THEY 2212 01:33:52,029 --> 01:33:53,564 ARE THEMSELVES ARE INFERTILE, 2213 01:33:53,564 --> 01:34:04,108 UNABLE TO HAVE FAMILIES. 2214 01:34:04,108 --> 01:34:05,610 I DON'T BELIEVE THERE'S 2215 01:34:05,610 --> 01:34:08,146 COINCIDENCE THERE. 2216 01:34:08,146 --> 01:34:09,313 MY DEPARTMENT, A THOUSAND 2217 01:34:09,313 --> 01:34:10,848 FIREFIGHTERS, SEVEN CHILDREN 2218 01:34:10,848 --> 01:34:12,483 HAVE PASSED AWAY FROM CHILDHOOD 2219 01:34:12,483 --> 01:34:14,152 CANCER OR SURVIVED AND STRUGGLED 2220 01:34:14,152 --> 01:34:15,253 THROUGH THE DIAGNOSIS. 2221 01:34:15,253 --> 01:34:16,654 I ABSOLUTELY AGREE WITH YOUR 2222 01:34:16,654 --> 01:34:19,490 COMMENTS AND I HOPE THERE'S MORE 2223 01:34:19,490 --> 01:34:21,159 ATTENTION AND PEOPLE SEEKING 2224 01:34:21,159 --> 01:34:23,227 FUNDING TO DO MORE RESEARCH, 2225 01:34:23,227 --> 01:34:29,033 ROBUST RESEARCH, IN THAT AREA. 2226 01:34:29,033 --> 01:34:32,470 >> I HAVE A QUESTION FROM DR. 2227 01:34:32,470 --> 01:34:35,473 MARK WILLIAMS, DEPARTMENT OF 2228 01:34:35,473 --> 01:34:39,410 DEFENSE, DEFENSE HEALTH AGENCY, 2229 01:34:39,410 --> 01:34:40,111 HE ASKS, GREAT PRESENTATION, 2230 01:34:40,111 --> 01:34:41,279 DOES THE FIREFIGHTER SERVICE 2231 01:34:41,279 --> 01:34:44,549 HAVE A SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONAL 2232 01:34:44,549 --> 01:34:47,084 EXPOSURE MONITORING BEFORE, 2233 01:34:47,084 --> 01:34:51,022 DURING, AFTER FIREFIGHTER 2234 01:34:51,022 --> 01:34:51,923 SERVICE? 2235 01:34:51,923 --> 01:34:54,525 IT JUST DISAPPEARED. 2236 01:34:54,525 --> 01:34:55,426 AFTER FIREFIGHTERS SERVICE THAT 2237 01:34:55,426 --> 01:34:56,961 MIGHT IDENTIFY FIREFIGHTERS AS 2238 01:34:56,961 --> 01:34:59,464 GREATER RISK OF ADVERSE HEALTH 2239 01:34:59,464 --> 01:35:03,434 OUTCOMES AND ENABLE A SYSTEM OF 2240 01:35:03,434 --> 01:35:05,536 MITIGATION AND RESILIENCE 2241 01:35:05,536 --> 01:35:06,571 BUILDING? 2242 01:35:06,571 --> 01:35:08,039 >> EXCELLENT QUESTION. 2243 01:35:08,039 --> 01:35:10,007 THE MOST ROBUST AREA OF THAT 2244 01:35:10,007 --> 01:35:13,144 DATA CAPTURE IS WORLD TRADE 2245 01:35:13,144 --> 01:35:14,479 CENTER HEALTH PROGRAM. 2246 01:35:14,479 --> 01:35:15,780 UNFORTUNATELY FIREFIGHTERRING IS 2247 01:35:15,780 --> 01:35:16,914 REGIONAL, RECORD KEEPING OFTEN 2248 01:35:16,914 --> 01:35:18,549 IS REGIONAL. 2249 01:35:18,549 --> 01:35:26,123 WE TRY TO PROMOTE EXPOSURE, BUT 2250 01:35:26,123 --> 01:35:28,626 IT'S A CHALLENGE TO ABSTAIN 2251 01:35:28,626 --> 01:35:31,496 RECORDS, MAINTAIN RECORDS, TO 2252 01:35:31,496 --> 01:35:34,899 HAVE ANY SORT OF PROSPECTIVE 2253 01:35:34,899 --> 01:35:35,633 PLANNING. 2254 01:35:35,633 --> 01:35:38,402 IT'S A GAP IN RESEARCH, A GAP IN 2255 01:35:38,402 --> 01:35:40,071 DATA, BUT WE'RE HOPEFUL WE'LL BE 2256 01:35:40,071 --> 01:35:42,473 ABLE TO BRIDGE THAT GAP BECAUSE 2257 01:35:42,473 --> 01:35:44,008 FIREFIGHTERS ARE GOOD AT SOLVING 2258 01:35:44,008 --> 01:35:44,775 PROSECUTES. 2259 01:35:44,775 --> 01:35:46,110 THEY GO TO PROBLEMS, SOLVE THEM. 2260 01:35:46,110 --> 01:35:48,045 THEY HAVE IDENTIFIED THIS. 2261 01:35:48,045 --> 01:35:50,581 WE'VE RECEIVED THAT INFORMATION 2262 01:35:50,581 --> 01:35:52,016 BACK FROM OUR MEMBERS ACROSS THE 2263 01:35:52,016 --> 01:35:54,619 U.S., HOPEFULLY WE'LL BE 2264 01:35:54,619 --> 01:35:56,053 ADDRESSING THIS SOON. 2265 01:35:56,053 --> 01:35:57,455 >> I HAVE A QUESTION. 2266 01:35:57,455 --> 01:35:59,657 AS I WAS LISTENING AND LOOKING 2267 01:35:59,657 --> 01:36:02,760 AT YOUR PRESENTATION I WAS SO 2268 01:36:02,760 --> 01:36:05,463 SADDENED AND I'M SO SORRY THAT 2269 01:36:05,463 --> 01:36:08,032 FIREFIGHTERS HAVE TO DEAL WITH 2270 01:36:08,032 --> 01:36:10,101 KIND OF CHOOSING BETWEEN NOT 2271 01:36:10,101 --> 01:36:14,705 BURNING UP AND POTENTIALLY BEING 2272 01:36:14,705 --> 01:36:15,506 POISONED. 2273 01:36:15,506 --> 01:36:16,774 ARE THERE SAFER ALTERNATIVES OUT 2274 01:36:16,774 --> 01:36:19,744 THERE NOT BEING USED WIDELY? 2275 01:36:19,744 --> 01:36:26,417 IS ANYONE TRYING TO DO R&D TO 2276 01:36:26,417 --> 01:36:28,486 DEVELOP ALTERNATIVES IN TERMS OF 2277 01:36:28,486 --> 01:36:31,789 GEAR, THE FOAM THAT HAS PFAS IN 2278 01:36:31,789 --> 01:36:33,724 IT, ARE THERE ALTERNATIVES THAT 2279 01:36:33,724 --> 01:36:34,559 LOOK PROMISING? 2280 01:36:34,559 --> 01:36:36,928 DO YOU HAVE OPTIONS OR DO 2281 01:36:36,928 --> 01:36:38,029 ORGANIZATIONS HAVE OPTIONS AND 2282 01:36:38,029 --> 01:36:40,965 THEY ARE JUST NOT GETTING -- 2283 01:36:40,965 --> 01:36:43,267 USING SAFER OPTIONS? 2284 01:36:43,267 --> 01:36:44,902 >> YES, THERE ARE OPTIONS. 2285 01:36:44,902 --> 01:36:50,908 WHERE WE RUN ACROSS ISSUES ARE 2286 01:36:50,908 --> 01:37:01,385 IN STANDARDS BODIES AND MILL 2287 01:37:07,191 --> 01:37:11,262 SPEC. 2288 01:37:11,262 --> 01:37:18,836 AFFF, PARIS AIRPORT, HEATHROW, 2289 01:37:18,836 --> 01:37:21,906 ALL FREE, BUT IN U.S. FOR THOSE 2290 01:37:21,906 --> 01:37:23,741 COULD BE IMPLEMENTED FROM 2291 01:37:23,741 --> 01:37:25,743 TURNOUT GEAR STANDPOINT IT'S 2292 01:37:25,743 --> 01:37:28,779 RESTRICTED TESTING WITHIN 2293 01:37:28,779 --> 01:37:31,515 STANDARDS THAT MANDATE CERTAIN, 2294 01:37:31,515 --> 01:37:38,556 FOR EXAMPLE, EXPANDED POLY TETRA 2295 01:37:38,556 --> 01:37:39,757 FLUOROET LINE 2296 01:37:39,757 --> 01:37:40,591 FIREFIGHTERS WILL MAKE 2297 01:37:40,591 --> 01:37:42,593 ADAPTATIONS TO ADDRESS CONCERNS 2298 01:37:42,593 --> 01:37:43,761 FROM PERFORMANCE STANDPOINT BUT 2299 01:37:43,761 --> 01:37:46,631 THE REAL INTEREST TO GET AWAY 2300 01:37:46,631 --> 01:37:48,699 FROM UNNECESSARY EXPOSURES BUT 2301 01:37:48,699 --> 01:37:49,900 UNTIL REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS 2302 01:37:49,900 --> 01:37:51,936 CHANGE WE'RE LIMITED TO WHAT WE 2303 01:37:51,936 --> 01:37:52,670 CAN USE. 2304 01:37:52,670 --> 01:37:56,374 >> I CAN MAKE A COMMENT? 2305 01:37:56,374 --> 01:37:56,741 LINDA BIRNBAUM. 2306 01:37:56,741 --> 01:38:01,646 >> PLEASE GO UP TO THE 2307 01:38:01,646 --> 01:38:01,946 MICROPHONE. 2308 01:38:01,946 --> 01:38:05,016 PEOPLE ON ZOOM -- 2309 01:38:05,016 --> 01:38:06,550 >> IN THE NATIONAL DEFENSE 2310 01:38:06,550 --> 01:38:09,887 AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2024, 2311 01:38:09,887 --> 01:38:10,955 ACTUALLY 2020, THE DEFENSE 2312 01:38:10,955 --> 01:38:15,326 DEPARTMENT HAS TO STOP USING ALL 2313 01:38:15,326 --> 01:38:16,961 PFAS-CONTAINING AFFF BY THE ENDS 2314 01:38:16,961 --> 01:38:18,696 OF THE YEAR BUT THERE'S 2315 01:38:18,696 --> 01:38:21,666 RESISTANCE FROM DEPARTMENT OF 2316 01:38:21,666 --> 01:38:25,636 NAVY, SAYING THAT THE 2317 01:38:25,636 --> 01:38:27,471 NON-PFAS-CONTAINING AFFF DOESN'T 2318 01:38:27,471 --> 01:38:29,273 MEET THE REQUIRED MILITARY 2319 01:38:29,273 --> 01:38:30,608 SPECIFICATIONS, BUT THEY -- I 2320 01:38:30,608 --> 01:38:32,410 MEAN THERE'S A LOT OF WORK GOING 2321 01:38:32,410 --> 01:38:36,881 ON TO TRY TO DEAL WITH THAT. 2322 01:38:36,881 --> 01:38:37,648 TOTALLY AGREE. 2323 01:38:37,648 --> 01:38:41,585 HEATHROW, LOTS OF OTHER PLACES 2324 01:38:41,585 --> 01:38:43,654 STOPPED USING AFFF A LONG TIME 2325 01:38:43,654 --> 01:38:43,821 AGO. 2326 01:38:43,821 --> 01:38:45,723 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT COMMENT, 2327 01:38:45,723 --> 01:38:46,357 DR. BIRNBAUM. 2328 01:38:46,357 --> 01:38:47,892 THANK YOU FOR THESE WORK ON 2329 01:38:47,892 --> 01:38:48,926 THESE TYPES OF CHEMICALS. 2330 01:38:48,926 --> 01:38:51,696 I READ A LOT OF IT. 2331 01:38:51,696 --> 01:38:54,432 I STAND ON THE SHOULDERS OF 2332 01:38:54,432 --> 01:38:58,669 GIANTS WITH THE RESEARCH. 2333 01:38:58,669 --> 01:39:01,839 A FAN BOY OVER HERE. 2334 01:39:01,839 --> 01:39:04,809 >> GET HER AUTOGRAPH AT THE 2335 01:39:04,809 --> 01:39:05,376 ENDS. 2336 01:39:05,376 --> 01:39:07,144 >> MY COLLEAGUE SUSAN ALICE WAS 2337 01:39:07,144 --> 01:39:08,979 PRESENTS AT THE U.S. CHAMBER OF 2338 01:39:08,979 --> 01:39:14,118 COMMERCE WHEN THE DoD STATED 2339 01:39:14,118 --> 01:39:16,954 EMPHATICALLY REQUESTED A YEAR OF 2340 01:39:16,954 --> 01:39:22,526 EXTENSION, 2025, 2026, FOR THE 2341 01:39:22,526 --> 01:39:23,828 TRANSITION AND THAT'S 2342 01:39:23,828 --> 01:39:27,231 DISCOURAGING, IN OTHER AREAS 2343 01:39:27,231 --> 01:39:27,932 ALTERNATIVES ARE BEING USED, A 2344 01:39:27,932 --> 01:39:29,533 LOT OF CATCH. 2345 01:39:29,533 --> 01:39:32,269 AREAS FOR CHEMICAL SITES, PETRO 2346 01:39:32,269 --> 01:39:35,539 CHEMICAL FACILITIES CAN ALREADY 2347 01:39:35,539 --> 01:39:36,440 ACCEPT ADDITIONAL EFFLUENT FLOW 2348 01:39:36,440 --> 01:39:39,176 THAT MAY OR MAY NOT BE NECESSARY 2349 01:39:39,176 --> 01:39:41,679 FROM ALTERNATIVES. 2350 01:39:41,679 --> 01:39:43,647 WE SEE PETRO CHEMICALS COMPANIES 2351 01:39:43,647 --> 01:39:47,785 MAKING TRANSITION, IT'S COST 2352 01:39:47,785 --> 01:39:48,619 EFFECTIVE, THERE'S SPILLS AND 2353 01:39:48,619 --> 01:39:49,754 MANDATORY TESTING KNOWING THEY 2354 01:39:49,754 --> 01:39:59,063 ARE PAYING MONEY TO REMEDIATE 2355 01:39:59,063 --> 01:40:01,365 WATERS CONTAMINATE IT'S WITH 2356 01:40:01,365 --> 01:40:03,000 AFFF, WE'LL TRY TO PUSH TO MOVE 2357 01:40:03,000 --> 01:40:04,068 FORWARD BECAUSE SOLUTIONS ARE 2358 01:40:04,068 --> 01:40:05,903 VIABLE AND WE DON'T SEE THE RISK 2359 01:40:05,903 --> 01:40:07,471 OUTWEIGHS THE REAL NEED TO MAKE 2360 01:40:07,471 --> 01:40:09,406 THOSE CHANGES BUT THANK YOU FOR 2361 01:40:09,406 --> 01:40:10,808 YOUR COMMENT. 2362 01:40:10,808 --> 01:40:17,982 >> I THINK WE'RE OUT OF TIME. 2363 01:40:17,982 --> 01:40:20,818 THANK YOU, NEIL. 2364 01:40:20,818 --> 01:40:23,921 2365 01:40:23,921 --> 01:40:26,323 SO NOW LET'S TALK ABOUT 2366 01:40:26,323 --> 01:40:27,725 SOLUTIONS POTENTIALLY. 2367 01:40:27,725 --> 01:40:33,197 WE'VE HEARD ABOUT THE BURDENS. 2368 01:40:33,197 --> 01:40:33,531 EPIDEMIOLOGY. 2369 01:40:33,531 --> 01:40:34,832 WE'VE HEARD PERSPECTIVE FROM 2370 01:40:34,832 --> 01:40:37,168 SOMEONE WHO HAS BEEN EXPOSED AND 2371 01:40:37,168 --> 01:40:38,469 WORKS WITH PEOPLE BEING EXPOSED. 2372 01:40:38,469 --> 01:40:43,374 SO NOW WE'RE GOING TO START THE 2373 01:40:43,374 --> 01:40:46,243 SESSIONS TO HEAR ABOUT RESEARCH 2374 01:40:46,243 --> 01:40:48,846 OF PROMISING INTERVENTIONS AND 2375 01:40:48,846 --> 01:40:51,248 THERAPIES THAT COULD ADDRESS THE 2376 01:40:51,248 --> 01:40:53,284 ISSUE OF EDCs IN OUR BODIES. 2377 01:40:53,284 --> 01:41:03,727 I'M GOING TO INTRODUCE DR. 2378 01:41:04,094 --> 01:41:05,863 MISH-MASHINGIOUS FROM EMORY, 2379 01:41:05,863 --> 01:41:07,298 LIFESTYLE, DIET, SLEEP, PHYSICAL 2380 01:41:07,298 --> 01:41:07,631 ACTIVITY. 2381 01:41:07,631 --> 01:41:14,305 I WOULD LIKE TO INHAVE IT DR. 2382 01:41:14,305 --> 01:41:15,739 PETERSON AND PETRIELLO TO SIT AT 2383 01:41:15,739 --> 01:41:17,575 THE LONG TIME, YOU'RE IN THE 2384 01:41:17,575 --> 01:41:19,343 AUDIENCE, SO IT'S EASIER TO STEP 2385 01:41:19,343 --> 01:41:21,545 UP WHEN IT'S YOUR TIME. 2386 01:41:21,545 --> 01:41:26,784 PLEASE BRING YOUR NAME CARDS. 2387 01:41:26,784 --> 01:41:37,194 BUT DR. MARCUS, PLEASE. 2388 01:41:38,829 --> 01:41:47,705 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 2389 01:41:47,705 --> 01:41:51,408 2390 01:41:51,408 --> 01:41:52,509 2391 01:41:52,509 --> 01:41:52,743 OKAY. 2392 01:41:52,743 --> 01:41:54,278 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 2393 01:41:54,278 --> 01:41:56,247 I'M SO EXCITED TO BE HERE TODAY. 2394 01:41:56,247 --> 01:41:59,416 I THINK THIS IS SUCH AN 2395 01:41:59,416 --> 01:42:00,951 IMPORTANT CONFERENCE. 2396 01:42:00,951 --> 01:42:01,919 I'M AN ENVIRONMENTAL 2397 01:42:01,919 --> 01:42:02,353 EPIDEMIOLOGIST. 2398 01:42:02,353 --> 01:42:04,455 I HAVE BEEN DOING RESEARCH ON 2399 01:42:04,455 --> 01:42:07,825 THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF 2400 01:42:07,825 --> 01:42:08,726 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES FOR OVER 2401 01:42:08,726 --> 01:42:09,693 30 YEARS. 2402 01:42:09,693 --> 01:42:14,465 I STARTED WHEN I WAS 12. 2403 01:42:14,465 --> 01:42:18,002 FOR THE PAST 20 YEARS I HAVE 2404 01:42:18,002 --> 01:42:21,205 WORKED WITH A COMMUNITY IN 2405 01:42:21,205 --> 01:42:22,273 MICHIGAN WHERE THE LIVESTOCK 2406 01:42:22,273 --> 01:42:30,748 FEED WAS CONTAMINATED WITH 2407 01:42:30,748 --> 01:42:32,816 ABROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT. 2408 01:42:32,816 --> 01:42:35,986 ONE PRODUCT WAS NUTRITIONAL 2409 01:42:35,986 --> 01:42:40,691 SUPPLEMENT FOR FEED, THE OTHER 2410 01:42:40,691 --> 01:42:44,528 WAS ABROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT. 2411 01:42:44,528 --> 01:42:46,830 THEY GOT THEM MIXED UP AND IT 2412 01:42:46,830 --> 01:42:50,668 WAS MIXED IN WITH THE LIVE STOCK 2413 01:42:50,668 --> 01:42:51,201 FEED. 2414 01:42:51,201 --> 01:42:53,170 COWS ATE IT, PEOPLE DRANK THE 2415 01:42:53,170 --> 01:42:55,606 MILK, ATE THE BEEF AND PORK AND 2416 01:42:55,606 --> 01:42:57,007 CHICKEN AND EGGS. 2417 01:42:57,007 --> 01:43:00,177 AND LITERALLY MILLIONS OF PEOPLE 2418 01:43:00,177 --> 01:43:10,654 WERE CONTAMINATED WITH THIS 2419 01:43:10,654 --> 01:43:13,824 ABROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT. 2420 01:43:13,824 --> 01:43:16,260 THE FARMERS KNEW SOMETHING WAS 2421 01:43:16,260 --> 01:43:19,196 WRONG AND TESTED THE FEED FOR 2422 01:43:19,196 --> 01:43:21,598 THE USUAL SUSPECTS AND DIDN'T 2423 01:43:21,598 --> 01:43:24,234 FIND IT SO THEY SAID IT'S SAFE. 2424 01:43:24,234 --> 01:43:26,537 I KNOW MANY OF YOU HEARD, OH, 2425 01:43:26,537 --> 01:43:27,838 THE WATER IS SAFE. 2426 01:43:27,838 --> 01:43:29,173 THE FEED IS SAFE. 2427 01:43:29,173 --> 01:43:32,009 IF YOU ONLY TEST FOR XYZ, YOU 2428 01:43:32,009 --> 01:43:33,210 ONLY KNOW XYZ AREN'T THERE. 2429 01:43:33,210 --> 01:43:35,713 IF YOU DON'T TEST FOR IT, YOU 2430 01:43:35,713 --> 01:43:37,381 DON'T KNOW IT'S THERE. 2431 01:43:37,381 --> 01:43:39,116 IT WAS ONLY THROUGH THE 2432 01:43:39,116 --> 01:43:41,385 PERSISTENCE OF ONE PARTICULAR 2433 01:43:41,385 --> 01:43:44,588 FARMER WHO SENT SAMPLES OF THE 2434 01:43:44,588 --> 01:43:46,557 FEED TO LABORATORIES ALL OVER 2435 01:43:46,557 --> 01:43:47,858 THE COUNTRY THAT SOMEBODY WHO 2436 01:43:47,858 --> 01:43:51,929 HAPPENED TO BE WORKING WITH 2437 01:43:51,929 --> 01:43:53,630 BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS 2438 01:43:53,630 --> 01:43:58,836 RECOGNIZED THE SIGNATURES ON THE 2439 01:43:58,836 --> 01:43:59,670 CHROMATOGRAM AND THAT'S HOW IT 2440 01:43:59,670 --> 01:44:00,804 WAS DISCOVERED. 2441 01:44:00,804 --> 01:44:04,008 I HAVE BEEN STUDYING THIS 2442 01:44:04,008 --> 01:44:04,875 POPULATION, WE WORKED TOGETHER 2443 01:44:04,875 --> 01:44:07,311 TO LOOK AT THE HEALTH EFFECTS 2444 01:44:07,311 --> 01:44:09,580 THAT HAVE BEEN CAUSED. 2445 01:44:09,580 --> 01:44:12,783 WE FOUND MYRIAD OF HEALTH 2446 01:44:12,783 --> 01:44:14,184 EFFECTS THAT HEATHER TALKED 2447 01:44:14,184 --> 01:44:14,952 ABOUT. 2448 01:44:14,952 --> 01:44:18,022 WE FOUND INCREASE IN THYROID 2449 01:44:18,022 --> 01:44:18,288 PROBLEMS. 2450 01:44:18,288 --> 01:44:20,991 WE FOUND INCREASE IN BREAST 2451 01:44:20,991 --> 01:44:22,059 CANCER. 2452 01:44:22,059 --> 01:44:24,695 THE CHILDREN WHO WERE EXPOSED IN 2453 01:44:24,695 --> 01:44:30,934 THE ROOM, THE GIRLS HAD EARLIER 2454 01:44:30,934 --> 01:44:31,902 PUBERTY DEVELOPMENT, THE BOYS 2455 01:44:31,902 --> 01:44:39,410 EXPOSED IN IN UTERO GROWTH HAD 2456 01:44:39,410 --> 01:44:46,583 SLOWER GROWTH AND PURE PUBERTY 2457 01:44:46,583 --> 01:44:47,117 DEVELOPMENT. 2458 01:44:47,117 --> 01:44:48,352 MEN EXPOSED THEIR CHILDREN 2459 01:44:48,352 --> 01:44:50,521 LIKELY TO HAVE LOWER BIRTH 2460 01:44:50,521 --> 01:44:50,854 WEIGHT. 2461 01:44:50,854 --> 01:44:52,589 I WORK CLOSELY WITH THIS 2462 01:44:52,589 --> 01:44:53,357 COMMUNITY AND HAVE BEEN CHAIRING 2463 01:44:53,357 --> 01:45:00,264 ALL OF THIS WORK WITH THEM. 2464 01:45:00,264 --> 01:45:02,332 THEY WANT TO KNOW HOW CAN I GET 2465 01:45:02,332 --> 01:45:06,603 RID OF THESE CHEMICALS? 2466 01:45:06,603 --> 01:45:09,907 BECAUSE BROMINATED FLAME 2467 01:45:09,907 --> 01:45:11,208 RETARDANTS ARE STORED IN BODY 2468 01:45:11,208 --> 01:45:11,542 FAT. 2469 01:45:11,542 --> 01:45:13,410 HOW CAN I PROTECT MY HEALTH AND 2470 01:45:13,410 --> 01:45:14,945 MY CHILDREN'S HEALTH? 2471 01:45:14,945 --> 01:45:18,482 MY DOCTOR DOESN'T KNOW ANYTHING 2472 01:45:18,482 --> 01:45:20,984 ABOUT THIS. 2473 01:45:20,984 --> 01:45:21,785 AND DISMISSES MY CONCERNS. 2474 01:45:21,785 --> 01:45:25,489 ONE THING WE WERE ABLE TO DO IS 2475 01:45:25,489 --> 01:45:28,292 DEVELOP A CONTINUING MEDICAL 2476 01:45:28,292 --> 01:45:33,730 EDUCATION COURSE FOR PHYSICIANS 2477 01:45:33,730 --> 01:45:35,432 AND NURSES. 2478 01:45:35,432 --> 01:45:38,702 BUT IT FOCUSES, AS WE TALKED 2479 01:45:38,702 --> 01:45:40,337 ABOUT, WE DON'T HAVE A LOT OF 2480 01:45:40,337 --> 01:45:42,539 SOLUTIONS TO OFFER. 2481 01:45:42,539 --> 01:45:48,345 WHAT WE EMPHASIZE WAS TAKING A 2482 01:45:48,345 --> 01:45:50,881 GOOD EXPOSURE HISTORY, AND 2483 01:45:50,881 --> 01:45:51,849 SCREENING AND EARLY DIAGNOSES. 2484 01:45:51,849 --> 01:45:53,383 IF YOU KNOW WHAT YOUR PATIENT 2485 01:45:53,383 --> 01:45:55,018 MIGHT BE AT HIGHER RISK FOR 2486 01:45:55,018 --> 01:45:59,089 SIMILAR TO A FAMILY HISTORY, YOU 2487 01:45:59,089 --> 01:46:01,391 CAN PROPERLY CARE FOR THEM. 2488 01:46:01,391 --> 01:46:03,160 I'M HERE TODAY TO SEE IF THERE 2489 01:46:03,160 --> 01:46:06,096 ARE ANSWERS TO THE FIRST TWO 2490 01:46:06,096 --> 01:46:07,965 QUESTIONS FOR THIS COMMUNITY AND 2491 01:46:07,965 --> 01:46:10,834 FOR OTHER COMMUNITIES. 2492 01:46:10,834 --> 01:46:12,903 AND IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT I 2493 01:46:12,903 --> 01:46:17,274 THINK WE REALIZE THAT IT REALLY 2494 01:46:17,274 --> 01:46:20,777 TAKES ALL OF US TO IMPLEMENT 2495 01:46:20,777 --> 01:46:21,111 CHANGE. 2496 01:46:21,111 --> 01:46:23,847 AND I REALIZE WE'VE GOT A LOT OF 2497 01:46:23,847 --> 01:46:26,150 INDIVIDUALS FROM THE COMMUNITY 2498 01:46:26,150 --> 01:46:28,218 HERE, WHICH IS WONDERFUL, WE'VE 2499 01:46:28,218 --> 01:46:30,420 GOT RESEARCH FUNDERS AND 2500 01:46:30,420 --> 01:46:30,721 RESEARCHERS. 2501 01:46:30,721 --> 01:46:31,588 WE'VE GOT CLINICIANS. 2502 01:46:31,588 --> 01:46:34,591 I DON'T KNOW THERE ARE ANY 2503 01:46:34,591 --> 01:46:35,125 POLICYMAKERS HERE. 2504 01:46:35,125 --> 01:46:40,130 I THINK THAT'S WHO WE NEED TO 2505 01:46:40,130 --> 01:46:42,599 BRING INTO THIS CONVERSATION. 2506 01:46:42,599 --> 01:46:44,201 OKAY. 2507 01:46:44,201 --> 01:46:44,801 THAT'S IT. 2508 01:46:44,801 --> 01:46:46,503 I'M GOING TO STOP AND INTRODUCE 2509 01:46:46,503 --> 01:46:50,874 THE PANELIST S WHO WILL TELL US 2510 01:46:50,874 --> 01:46:54,611 ABOUT POTENTIAL WAYS TO MITIGATE 2511 01:46:54,611 --> 01:46:57,681 THE DAMAGE. 2512 01:46:57,681 --> 01:47:01,185 2513 01:47:01,185 --> 01:47:04,454 >> YOU'RE WELCOME TO ADVANCE THE 2514 01:47:04,454 --> 01:47:05,222 SLIDES. 2515 01:47:05,222 --> 01:47:10,694 >> I WANT TO CALL DR. RITA 2516 01:47:10,694 --> 01:47:13,564 STRAKOVSKY TO START HER 2517 01:47:13,564 --> 01:47:23,807 PRESENTATION. 2518 01:47:35,352 --> 01:47:35,652 2519 01:47:35,652 --> 01:47:36,920 >> DB STLOOTION ARE ARE DB 2520 01:47:36,920 --> 01:47:45,896 STREWINGS 2521 01:47:45,896 --> 01:47:46,463 >> ARE YOU THERE? 2522 01:47:46,463 --> 01:47:48,398 >> IT'S AN HONOR TO BE ON ZOOM. 2523 01:47:48,398 --> 01:47:50,033 UNFORTUNATELY I COULDN'T BE ABLE 2524 01:47:50,033 --> 01:47:51,468 IN PERSON BUT HOPEFULLY WE'LL 2525 01:47:51,468 --> 01:47:53,303 HAVE A NICE DISCUSSION AFTER. 2526 01:47:53,303 --> 01:47:56,073 I HAVE -- I'M GOING TO MOVE A 2527 01:47:56,073 --> 01:48:00,677 LITTLE BIT. 2528 01:48:00,677 --> 01:48:11,088 I'M HAVING TROUBLE HERE. 2529 01:48:13,323 --> 01:48:15,359 I PUT AN ASTERISK HERE TO REMIND 2530 01:48:15,359 --> 01:48:16,760 MYSELF TO MENTION I'M GOING TO 2531 01:48:16,760 --> 01:48:22,466 START THE MORNING BY TALKING 2532 01:48:22,466 --> 01:48:23,233 ABOUT NON-PERSISTENT 2533 01:48:23,233 --> 01:48:25,836 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 2534 01:48:25,836 --> 01:48:30,140 THESE ARE IN AND OUT OF THE 2535 01:48:30,140 --> 01:48:31,375 BODY, 12-48 HOURS, REQUIRES 2536 01:48:31,375 --> 01:48:33,176 UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS IN TERMS 2537 01:48:33,176 --> 01:48:35,245 OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES. 2538 01:48:35,245 --> 01:48:39,516 I'LL TALK ABOUT THAT TODAY. 2539 01:48:39,516 --> 01:48:41,485 I WANTS TO PROVIDE CONTEXT FOR 2540 01:48:41,485 --> 01:48:42,786 MY TALK. 2541 01:48:42,786 --> 01:48:47,190 RESEARCH IN MY GROUP FOCUSES ON 2542 01:48:47,190 --> 01:48:49,760 WOMEN'S HEALTH ACROSS THE 2543 01:48:49,760 --> 01:48:53,964 LIFESPAN WITH METABOLIC AND 2544 01:48:53,964 --> 01:48:55,299 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OUTCOMES, 2545 01:48:55,299 --> 01:48:57,234 TODAY PREGNANCY AS A SENSITIVE 2546 01:48:57,234 --> 01:48:58,602 WINDOW FOR MATERNAL AND CHILD 2547 01:48:58,602 --> 01:48:58,835 HEALTH. 2548 01:48:58,835 --> 01:49:00,203 HOPEFULLY WHAT I TALK ABOUT 2549 01:49:00,203 --> 01:49:01,972 TODAY WILL BE IMPORTANT ACROSS 2550 01:49:01,972 --> 01:49:03,807 THE LIFESPAN, CERTAINLY NOT JUST 2551 01:49:03,807 --> 01:49:07,544 FOR THE WOMEN. 2552 01:49:07,544 --> 01:49:10,614 SO, LET'S GET STARTED. 2553 01:49:10,614 --> 01:49:14,318 I'LL FOCUS ON NON-PERSISTENT 2554 01:49:14,318 --> 01:49:18,155 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS 2555 01:49:18,155 --> 01:49:24,928 INCLUDING PARABENS, PTHALATES, 2556 01:49:24,928 --> 01:49:26,163 BISPHENOLS, RELATED TO 2557 01:49:26,163 --> 01:49:27,464 CONTAMINANTS AND EFFECT ON 2558 01:49:27,464 --> 01:49:28,332 PREGNANCY OUTCOME. 2559 01:49:28,332 --> 01:49:31,601 WHEN IT COMES TO DIET, THE FOCUS 2560 01:49:31,601 --> 01:49:33,704 OF TODAY'S PRESENTATION, RELATED 2561 01:49:33,704 --> 01:49:35,205 TO MITIGATION, WE TAKE TWO 2562 01:49:35,205 --> 01:49:36,840 APPROACHES IN MY GROUP. 2563 01:49:36,840 --> 01:49:42,579 ONE IS TO REALLY THINK ABOUT THE 2564 01:49:42,579 --> 01:49:44,214 DIET AS EXPOSURE SOURCE, 2565 01:49:44,214 --> 01:49:47,284 CONSIDERING MITIGATION BY 2566 01:49:47,284 --> 01:49:50,454 LIMITING EXPOSURE, I'VE TALKED 2567 01:49:50,454 --> 01:49:51,521 ABOUT -- AGAIN, WE'VE TALKED 2568 01:49:51,521 --> 01:49:52,756 ABOUT THAT ALREADY THIS MORNING. 2569 01:49:52,756 --> 01:49:58,428 THE OTHER IS TO THINK ABOUT -- 2570 01:49:58,428 --> 01:50:01,498 I'M STUCK AGAIN. 2571 01:50:01,498 --> 01:50:01,698 MAYBE. 2572 01:50:01,698 --> 01:50:03,133 2573 01:50:03,133 --> 01:50:05,769 THERE WE GO. 2574 01:50:05,769 --> 01:50:07,204 THE OTHER IS TO CONSIDER THE 2575 01:50:07,204 --> 01:50:10,273 RULES OF DIET IN INDIVIDUALS WHO 2576 01:50:10,273 --> 01:50:14,077 ALREADY HAVE EXPOSURE TO EDCs, 2577 01:50:14,077 --> 01:50:17,714 WE'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 2578 01:50:17,714 --> 01:50:19,416 MOLECULAR TOXOLOGICAL TARGETS OF 2579 01:50:19,416 --> 01:50:21,385 EDCs AND IDENTIFY DIETARY 2580 01:50:21,385 --> 01:50:22,819 PATTERNS THAT WOULD INCREASE 2581 01:50:22,819 --> 01:50:23,453 RESILIENCE. 2582 01:50:23,453 --> 01:50:27,657 WE'VE HEARD THAT DISCUSSED THIS 2583 01:50:27,657 --> 01:50:28,058 MORNING. 2584 01:50:28,058 --> 01:50:32,129 INCREASED RESILIENCE IN RESPONSE 2585 01:50:32,129 --> 01:50:37,300 TO TOXIC EFFECTS, TODAY I'M 2586 01:50:37,300 --> 01:50:38,969 PROVIDING EXAMPLES OF EACH. 2587 01:50:38,969 --> 01:50:42,672 LET'S START WITH THE FIRST ONE. 2588 01:50:42,672 --> 01:50:44,307 THERE WE GO. 2589 01:50:44,307 --> 01:50:46,943 FIRST EXAMPLE I'M GOING TO TALK 2590 01:50:46,943 --> 01:50:57,487 ABOUT PTHALATES, YOUR -- WHICH 2591 01:50:59,156 --> 01:51:03,026 ARE UBIQUITOUS, AT LEAST ONE 2592 01:51:03,026 --> 01:51:07,097 PTHALLATE, TYPICALLY PORE. 2593 01:51:07,097 --> 01:51:08,799 PLASTICIZERS HAVE FUNCTIONS, 2594 01:51:08,799 --> 01:51:17,007 THAT'S WHY THEY ARE SO YOUR --O 2595 01:51:17,007 --> 01:51:25,816 YOUR -- SO UBIQUITOUS. 2596 01:51:25,816 --> 01:51:27,984 THEY ARE KNOWN DISRUPTORS 2597 01:51:27,984 --> 01:51:30,387 CONFIRMED IN STUDIES AND 2598 01:51:30,387 --> 01:51:32,522 IMPORTANTLY PTHALLATE EXPOSURE 2599 01:51:32,522 --> 01:51:34,658 IN PREGNANCY HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED 2600 01:51:34,658 --> 01:51:38,261 WITH ADVERSE PREGNANCY AT BIRTH 2601 01:51:38,261 --> 01:51:40,130 OUTCOME, NEURODEVELOP PROBLEMS, 2602 01:51:40,130 --> 01:51:41,765 OBESITY IN CHILDREN, MATERNAL 2603 01:51:41,765 --> 01:51:47,237 HEALTH AND PREGNANCY AND 2604 01:51:47,237 --> 01:51:48,004 POSTPARTUM. 2605 01:51:48,004 --> 01:51:49,539 FOR TODAY'S EXAMPLE I'LL 2606 01:51:49,539 --> 01:51:51,608 HIGHLIGHT WORK ON METABOLIC 2607 01:51:51,608 --> 01:51:53,243 HEALTH AND PREGNANCY 2608 01:51:53,243 --> 01:51:55,979 SPECIFICALLY GLUCOSE LEVELS. 2609 01:51:55,979 --> 01:51:57,314 GLUCOSE, MATERNAL GLUCOSE 2610 01:51:57,314 --> 01:52:01,051 HOMEOSTASIS IS AN IMPORTANT 2611 01:52:01,051 --> 01:52:02,118 PREDICTOR OF FETAL GROWTH, 2612 01:52:02,118 --> 01:52:03,753 PREGNANCY HEALTH OUTCOMES. 2613 01:52:03,753 --> 01:52:08,592 BOTH MATERNAL DIET AND EXPOSURE 2614 01:52:08,592 --> 01:52:11,328 TO PTHALATES INDEPENDENTLY AND 2615 01:52:11,328 --> 01:52:21,838 OTHER EDCs HAS ASSOCIATED WITH 2616 01:52:22,873 --> 01:52:23,573 DYSREGULATED HOMEOSTASIS. 2617 01:52:23,573 --> 01:52:30,514 TO PUT THE PIECES TOGETHER, TO 2618 01:52:30,514 --> 01:52:31,882 REALLY UNDERSTAND THE 2619 01:52:31,882 --> 01:52:34,317 [AUDIO DISTORTION] 2620 01:52:34,317 --> 01:52:38,488 POOR DIET ASSOCIATED WITH MOORE 2621 01:52:38,488 --> 01:52:39,689 MATERNAL METABOLIC HEALTH, 2622 01:52:39,689 --> 01:52:46,229 INCREASING EXPOSURE TO PTHALATES 2623 01:52:46,229 --> 01:52:47,998 SPECIFICALLY AND OTHER 2624 01:52:47,998 --> 01:52:50,500 PLASTICIZERS THAT REGULATE 2625 01:52:50,500 --> 01:52:56,306 MATERNAL METABOLIC PROCESSES. 2626 01:52:56,306 --> 01:52:58,508 I MENTIONED TODAY THE DIET 2627 01:52:58,508 --> 01:52:59,609 QUALITY AS TERMINOLOGY BUT 2628 01:52:59,609 --> 01:53:01,077 DIDN'T INTRODUCE IT OR HOW TO 2629 01:53:01,077 --> 01:53:02,245 DEFINE IT. 2630 01:53:02,245 --> 01:53:03,780 RATHER THAN FOCUSING ON 2631 01:53:03,780 --> 01:53:07,050 INDIVIDUAL FOODS OR NUTRIENTS 2632 01:53:07,050 --> 01:53:08,585 WITHIN SOMEONE'S DIET, DIET 2633 01:53:08,585 --> 01:53:10,620 QUALITY INDICES WERE DEVELOPED 2634 01:53:10,620 --> 01:53:14,157 TO THINK ABOUT DIETARY PATTERNS 2635 01:53:14,157 --> 01:53:15,592 IN HOLISTIC MANNER. 2636 01:53:15,592 --> 01:53:18,295 ONE INDEX IS CALLED THE 2637 01:53:18,295 --> 01:53:20,063 ALTERNATIVE HEALTHY EATING INDEX 2638 01:53:20,063 --> 01:53:21,698 WHICH FOCUSES ON DIET QUALITY 2639 01:53:21,698 --> 01:53:23,900 OVER ANY SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL 2640 01:53:23,900 --> 01:53:24,868 FOODS OR NUTRIENTS. 2641 01:53:24,868 --> 01:53:26,836 BASED ON GROUPS OF FOODS THAT 2642 01:53:26,836 --> 01:53:28,605 ARE MOST PREDICTIVE OF CHRONIC 2643 01:53:28,605 --> 01:53:29,940 DISEASE BURDEN. 2644 01:53:29,940 --> 01:53:32,342 SO THE INDEX INCLUDES FOODS THAT 2645 01:53:32,342 --> 01:53:34,844 ARE LISTED HERE ON THIS TABLE. 2646 01:53:34,844 --> 01:53:35,912 WE ESSENTIALLY CALCULATE INDEX 2647 01:53:35,912 --> 01:53:38,949 BY TAKING SUM OF THE SCORES OF 2648 01:53:38,949 --> 01:53:40,250 THE CONSUMPTION FOR INDIVIDUAL 2649 01:53:40,250 --> 01:53:43,853 FOODS OR NUTRIENTS. 2650 01:53:43,853 --> 01:53:45,589 BY USING SUMMATIVE SCORE CAN 2651 01:53:45,589 --> 01:53:47,157 IDENTIFY DIETARY PATTERNS AND 2652 01:53:47,157 --> 01:53:48,358 HOW THEY RELATE TO HEALTH 2653 01:53:48,358 --> 01:53:50,193 OUTCOMES AND TRY TO UNDERSTAND 2654 01:53:50,193 --> 01:53:51,528 HOW INDIVIDUAL FOODS OR 2655 01:53:51,528 --> 01:53:53,363 NUTRIENTS WITHIN THE INDEX ARE 2656 01:53:53,363 --> 01:53:55,999 ASSOCIATED WITH THE HEALTH 2657 01:53:55,999 --> 01:53:57,567 OUTCOMES, AS I'LL SHOW YOU IN 2658 01:53:57,567 --> 01:54:00,837 THE SECOND EXAMPLE IT'S TRICKY 2659 01:54:00,837 --> 01:54:02,138 AND COMPLICATED. 2660 01:54:02,138 --> 01:54:06,743 SO COMING BACK TO THIS DIAGRAM, 2661 01:54:06,743 --> 01:54:09,245 WE WANTED OVERALL TO UNDERSTAND 2662 01:54:09,245 --> 01:54:12,015 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET, 2663 01:54:12,015 --> 01:54:13,216 PTHALATES, METABOLIC HEALTH 2664 01:54:13,216 --> 01:54:20,857 INDIVIDUALLY. 2665 01:54:20,857 --> 01:54:23,059 WHETHER PTHALLATE EXPOSURE I WAS 2666 01:54:23,059 --> 01:54:23,493 THIS. 2667 01:54:23,493 --> 01:54:26,763 WE CONFIRMED INDIVIDUALLY POOR 2668 01:54:26,763 --> 01:54:28,965 DIET QUALITY WAS AN IMPORTANT 2669 01:54:28,965 --> 01:54:31,034 DETERMINANT OF EXPOSURE TO 2670 01:54:31,034 --> 01:54:31,534 PTHALATES. 2671 01:54:31,534 --> 01:54:33,003 MORE QUALITY DIETS ARE 2672 01:54:33,003 --> 01:54:34,104 ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER EXPOSURE 2673 01:54:34,104 --> 01:54:39,909 TO MANY PTHALATES. 2674 01:54:39,909 --> 01:54:45,181 WE ALSO IDENTIFIED INDIVIDUAL 2675 01:54:45,181 --> 01:54:46,916 POOR MATERNAL GLUCOSE 2676 01:54:46,916 --> 01:54:48,685 HOMEOSTASIS ASSOCIATED WITH POOR 2677 01:54:48,685 --> 01:54:50,420 MATERNAL METABOLIC OUTCOMES AS 2678 01:54:50,420 --> 01:54:51,187 WELL. 2679 01:54:51,187 --> 01:54:54,491 HOW ARE THESE RELATED? 2680 01:54:54,491 --> 01:54:59,629 ESSENTIALLY WHAT WE OBSERVED 2681 01:54:59,629 --> 01:55:02,899 PARTLY ONE REASON THAT POOR DIET 2682 01:55:02,899 --> 01:55:05,335 QUALITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH 2683 01:55:05,335 --> 01:55:07,737 LOWER -- WITH POOR MATERNAL 2684 01:55:07,737 --> 01:55:08,705 GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS BECAUSE 2685 01:55:08,705 --> 01:55:10,240 LOWER QUALITY DIETS HAVE HIGHER 2686 01:55:10,240 --> 01:55:11,107 PTHALLATE LEVELS. 2687 01:55:11,107 --> 01:55:12,642 WHAT CAN WE TAKE AWAY FROM THIS 2688 01:55:12,642 --> 01:55:15,178 IN TERMS OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2689 01:55:15,178 --> 01:55:15,745 MESSAGING? 2690 01:55:15,745 --> 01:55:18,348 SO OUR DATA SUPPORT THE IDEA BY 2691 01:55:18,348 --> 01:55:21,384 CONSUMER HIGH QUALITY DIETS IN 2692 01:55:21,384 --> 01:55:23,353 PREGNANCY OVERALL THAT PREGNANT 2693 01:55:23,353 --> 01:55:25,221 WEDNESDAY AREN'T ONLY IMPROVING 2694 01:55:25,221 --> 01:55:26,956 NUTRIENT PROFILES TO SUPPORT 2695 01:55:26,956 --> 01:55:28,158 PREGNANCY HEALTH AND FETAL 2696 01:55:28,158 --> 01:55:30,026 DEVELOPMENT BUT THEY ARE 2697 01:55:30,026 --> 01:55:31,695 DECREASING EXPOSURE TO 2698 01:55:31,695 --> 01:55:32,996 POTENTIALLY HARMFUL ENDOCRINE 2699 01:55:32,996 --> 01:55:33,563 DISRUPTORS. 2700 01:55:33,563 --> 01:55:35,765 BOTH OF THESE BENEFICIAL FACTORS 2701 01:55:35,765 --> 01:55:37,367 IMPROVE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES. 2702 01:55:37,367 --> 01:55:39,803 AS WE DISCUSSED AGAIN EARLIER 2703 01:55:39,803 --> 01:55:42,539 THIS MORNING, LIMITING PERSONAL 2704 01:55:42,539 --> 01:55:44,607 EXPOSURE TO MANY ARE DIFFICULT, 2705 01:55:44,607 --> 01:55:49,312 SOME CASES IMPOSSIBLE, IN CASES 2706 01:55:49,312 --> 01:55:51,214 OF PARTICULAR NON-PERSISTENT 2707 01:55:51,214 --> 01:55:53,817 EDCs STUDIES SUGGEST LIFESTYLE 2708 01:55:53,817 --> 01:55:56,553 MODIFICATIONS ESPECIALLY DIET 2709 01:55:56,553 --> 01:55:58,822 CAN BE POWERFUL TOOLS FOR 2710 01:55:58,822 --> 01:55:59,823 DECREASING EXPOSURE, PERHAPS 2711 01:55:59,823 --> 01:56:01,324 SOME GOOD NEWS. 2712 01:56:01,324 --> 01:56:04,294 SO MOVING TO THE SECOND EXAMPLE, 2713 01:56:04,294 --> 01:56:05,395 MAYBE PERHAPS A LITTLE BIT MORE 2714 01:56:05,395 --> 01:56:08,765 OF WHAT WE WERE THINKING ABOUT 2715 01:56:08,765 --> 01:56:09,566 WHEN THINKING ABOUT MITIGATION, 2716 01:56:09,566 --> 01:56:14,137 SO THIS IS AN EXAMPLE THINKING 2717 01:56:14,137 --> 01:56:21,478 ABOUT AGAIN MITIGATION OF 2718 01:56:21,478 --> 01:56:25,014 NON-PERSISTENT EDC EXPOSURE BY 2719 01:56:25,014 --> 01:56:28,384 CONSUMER MORE HEALTHFUL DIET. 2720 01:56:28,384 --> 01:56:29,819 RELATED TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS 2721 01:56:29,819 --> 01:56:37,026 IN PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS, 2722 01:56:37,026 --> 01:56:47,604 PARABENS ARE YOUR -- UBIQUITOU. 2723 01:56:49,339 --> 01:56:53,777 THEY HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH 2724 01:56:53,777 --> 01:56:54,778 POOR PREGNANCY IN EXPERIMENTAL 2725 01:56:54,778 --> 01:56:57,380 MODELS, EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES. 2726 01:56:57,380 --> 01:56:58,214 IN STARTING THIS RESEARCH, AT 2727 01:56:58,214 --> 01:57:00,450 THE TIME TIME WE WERE BEGINNING 2728 01:57:00,450 --> 01:57:03,520 STUDIES, MOST OF THE WORK 2729 01:57:03,520 --> 01:57:06,456 RELATED TO PARABEN EXPOSURE IN 2730 01:57:06,456 --> 01:57:07,991 PREGNANCY FOCUSED ON THIRD THEY 2731 01:57:07,991 --> 01:57:09,225 WERE BIRTH, INTERESTED IN 2732 01:57:09,225 --> 01:57:16,099 LOOKING AT BIRTH SIZE 2733 01:57:16,099 --> 01:57:16,800 SPECIFICALLY. 2734 01:57:16,800 --> 01:57:20,270 ESSENTIALLY OUR MAIN FINDING WAS 2735 01:57:20,270 --> 01:57:22,872 THAT OVERALL, PARABENS WERE 2736 01:57:22,872 --> 01:57:25,008 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER BIRTH 2737 01:57:25,008 --> 01:57:30,113 WEIGHT, ON THE LEFT, AND BIRTH 2738 01:57:30,113 --> 01:57:33,716 LENGTH ON THE RIGHT IN RELATION 2739 01:57:33,716 --> 01:57:40,557 TO TWO PARABENS WE STUDIED, 2740 01:57:40,557 --> 01:57:41,758 METHYL AND PROPYL, ASSOCIATED 2741 01:57:41,758 --> 01:57:44,260 WITH SMALLER BIRTH WEIGHTS OR 2742 01:57:44,260 --> 01:57:47,096 BABIES BORN SHORTER, IN 2743 01:57:47,096 --> 01:57:51,401 COMPARISON, AND SPECIFICALLY IN 2744 01:57:51,401 --> 01:57:53,036 BABY GIRLS SUGGEST CLASSIC 2745 01:57:53,036 --> 01:57:54,037 SEX-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATION. 2746 01:57:54,037 --> 01:58:04,581 WHERE DOES DIET COME INTO THIS? 2747 01:58:06,316 --> 01:58:08,585 THE DATA UNDERLYING MECHANISM 2748 01:58:08,585 --> 01:58:11,654 ARE LESS KNOWN COMPARED TO 2749 01:58:11,654 --> 01:58:14,490 PTHALATES BUT PARABENS AT LEAST 2750 01:58:14,490 --> 01:58:16,926 PARTLY IMPACT INFLAMMATION AND 2751 01:58:16,926 --> 01:58:18,127 OXIDATIVE STRESS. 2752 01:58:18,127 --> 01:58:19,195 TO MITIGATE EFFECTS THIS IS WHAT 2753 01:58:19,195 --> 01:58:21,965 WE SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT. 2754 01:58:21,965 --> 01:58:25,335 DIET QUALITY FITS THE BILL. 2755 01:58:25,335 --> 01:58:26,769 NEXT STEP WE EVALUATED 2756 01:58:26,769 --> 01:58:28,204 ASSOCIATIONS AND LOOKED AT 2757 01:58:28,204 --> 01:58:34,410 ASSOCIATIONS IN WOMEN WHO HAVE 2758 01:58:34,410 --> 01:58:35,745 HIGHER COMPARATIVELY DIET 2759 01:58:35,745 --> 01:58:37,614 QUALITIES, LOWER DIET QUALITIES. 2760 01:58:37,614 --> 01:58:39,549 WE OBSERVED IN GIRLS OF MOMS 2761 01:58:39,549 --> 01:58:41,084 WITH HIGHER QUALITY DIETS THERE 2762 01:58:41,084 --> 01:58:44,053 WAS NO LONGER ASSOCIATION OF 2763 01:58:44,053 --> 01:58:46,656 PARABENS WITH BIRTH OUTCOMES. 2764 01:58:46,656 --> 01:58:57,166 OVER IN BABY GIRLS WHO WOMEN 2765 01:58:57,166 --> 01:58:59,569 CONSUME DIET, SUGGESTING HIGHER 2766 01:58:59,569 --> 01:59:02,205 QUALITY DIETS POTENTIALLY 2767 01:59:02,205 --> 01:59:04,507 MITIGATED TOXIC OR HARMFUL 2768 01:59:04,507 --> 01:59:06,042 EFFECT OF PARABENS. 2769 01:59:06,042 --> 01:59:08,211 YOU MAY ASK YOURSELF WHAT DO I 2770 01:59:08,211 --> 01:59:10,413 RECOMMEND TO PATIENTS? 2771 01:59:10,413 --> 01:59:12,282 MAKING FULL CHANGES TO SOMEONE 2772 01:59:12,282 --> 01:59:14,250 DIEET QUALITY IS CHALLENGING. 2773 01:59:14,250 --> 01:59:17,954 WE TALKED ABOUT THAT EARLIER 2774 01:59:17,954 --> 01:59:20,790 AGAIN. 2775 01:59:20,790 --> 01:59:22,125 JUST FOR TODAY, WE LOOKED AT 2776 01:59:22,125 --> 01:59:24,861 SPECIFIC FOODS THAT WERE 2777 01:59:24,861 --> 01:59:26,396 ESSENTIALLY PRIMARILY 2778 01:59:26,396 --> 01:59:27,697 RESPONSIBLE FOR MITIGATION 2779 01:59:27,697 --> 01:59:28,131 EFFECTS. 2780 01:59:28,131 --> 01:59:30,867 HERE IS WHAT WE OBSERVED. 2781 01:59:30,867 --> 01:59:33,703 SO, IN THE CASE OF BIRTH WEIGHT, 2782 01:59:33,703 --> 01:59:36,139 WE OBSERVED THAT IN WOMEN IN 2783 01:59:36,139 --> 01:59:40,576 WHOM ASSOCIATIONS OF METHYL 2784 01:59:40,576 --> 01:59:46,182 PARABEN WERE PER SAYS TENT THEY 2785 01:59:46,182 --> 01:59:48,017 CONSUMED FEWER WET VEGETABLES, 2786 01:59:48,017 --> 01:59:58,094 NEWS, LESS MEAT, MORE SUGAR 2787 01:59:58,094 --> 02:00:01,497 SWEETENED BEVERAGES AND SODIUM. 2788 02:00:01,497 --> 02:00:03,466 IN PURPOSING, LESS WHOLE GRAINS. 2789 02:00:03,466 --> 02:00:06,102 BIRTH WEIGHT, SIMILAR. 2790 02:00:06,102 --> 02:00:09,605 IN WOMEN IN WHOM EFFECT OF 2791 02:00:09,605 --> 02:00:13,242 PARABENS PERSISTED ON IMPACTING 2792 02:00:13,242 --> 02:00:16,946 SHORTER BIRTH WEIGHT, WOMEN 2793 02:00:16,946 --> 02:00:24,520 CONSUMED FEWER FRUITS AND 2794 02:00:24,520 --> 02:00:26,055 VEGETABLES, CONSUMED MORE 2795 02:00:26,055 --> 02:00:27,657 SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES AND 2796 02:00:27,657 --> 02:00:28,024 TRANSFAT. 2797 02:00:28,024 --> 02:00:32,261 ALTHOUGH AGAIN IT'S IMPORTANT TO 2798 02:00:32,261 --> 02:00:35,898 UNDERSTAND WHAT COMPONENTS ARE 2799 02:00:35,898 --> 02:00:39,369 MOST IMPORTANT, OVERALL 2800 02:00:39,369 --> 02:00:40,169 LIFESTYLE PATTERNS, DIETARY 2801 02:00:40,169 --> 02:00:42,572 PATTERNS MORE HELPFUL THAT MAKE 2802 02:00:42,572 --> 02:00:45,074 US MORE RESILIENT TO TOXIC 2803 02:00:45,074 --> 02:00:50,980 EFFECTS OF VARIOUS CONTAMINANTS 2804 02:00:50,980 --> 02:00:54,584 ARE LIKELY MOST EFFECTIVE OF 2805 02:00:54,584 --> 02:00:57,320 BEING MITIGATORS. 2806 02:00:57,320 --> 02:01:00,923 AS A SUMMARY, THAT LIMITING EDC 2807 02:01:00,923 --> 02:01:02,792 EXPOSURE IS A POWERFUL AND 2808 02:01:02,792 --> 02:01:06,496 FEASIBLE TOOL FOR IMPROVING 2809 02:01:06,496 --> 02:01:07,463 HEALTH OUTCOMES SPECIFICALLY 2810 02:01:07,463 --> 02:01:09,966 PREGNANCY HEALTH OUTCOMES. 2811 02:01:09,966 --> 02:01:11,200 DIETARY CHANGES ARE LIKELY GOING 2812 02:01:11,200 --> 02:01:15,471 TO BE THE ONES MOST POWERFUL AND 2813 02:01:15,471 --> 02:01:22,812 MOST SORT OF CAPABLE OF 2814 02:01:22,812 --> 02:01:23,780 MITIGATING DELETERIOUS EFFECTS 2815 02:01:23,780 --> 02:01:24,814 OF EDC EXPOSURE. 2816 02:01:24,814 --> 02:01:28,384 I THANK EVERYONE IN THE GROUP, 2817 02:01:28,384 --> 02:01:31,521 COLLABORATORS AND FUNDING 2818 02:01:31,521 --> 02:01:32,955 SOURCES AN PARTICIPANTS IN THIS 2819 02:01:32,955 --> 02:01:33,856 IMPORTANT RESEARCH. 2820 02:01:33,856 --> 02:01:38,661 HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS AT THE 2821 02:01:38,661 --> 02:01:39,062 END. 2822 02:01:39,062 --> 02:01:44,133 THANK YOU. 2823 02:01:44,133 --> 02:01:47,170 >> THANK YOU, THAT WAS GREAT. 2824 02:01:47,170 --> 02:01:48,938 WE'LL HOLD QUESTIONS UNTIL THE 2825 02:01:48,938 --> 02:01:50,339 END OF THE PANEL. 2826 02:01:50,339 --> 02:01:53,109 NOW I'D LIKE TO ASK DR. KAREN 2827 02:01:53,109 --> 02:01:58,781 PETERSON TO COME UP TO THE 2828 02:01:58,781 --> 02:02:06,022 PODIUM. 2829 02:02:06,022 --> 02:02:09,092 >> IT'S A TEST. 2830 02:02:09,092 --> 02:02:11,828 I'M DELIGHTED TO BE THE SECOND 2831 02:02:11,828 --> 02:02:13,129 SPEAKER FROM THE MICHIGAN 2832 02:02:13,129 --> 02:02:14,130 RESEARCH CORRIDOR. 2833 02:02:14,130 --> 02:02:14,997 NO PRESSURE THERE. 2834 02:02:14,997 --> 02:02:16,966 I THINK IT'S INTERESTING THAT 2835 02:02:16,966 --> 02:02:18,701 THE TALKS LINED UP THIS WAY. 2836 02:02:18,701 --> 02:02:24,073 I HOPE TO BUILD ON SOME OF THE 2837 02:02:24,073 --> 02:02:25,808 REALLY IMPORTANT POINTS THAT 2838 02:02:25,808 --> 02:02:27,343 WERE RAISED. 2839 02:02:27,343 --> 02:02:29,645 LET US CONSIDER WHETHER HEALTHY 2840 02:02:29,645 --> 02:02:31,481 LIFESTYLES INCLUDING DIET AND 2841 02:02:31,481 --> 02:02:34,684 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP 2842 02:02:34,684 --> 02:02:44,527 LATER ON MIGHT COUNTERACT 2843 02:02:44,527 --> 02:02:46,496 EFFECTS OF EDCs ON 2844 02:02:46,496 --> 02:02:48,030 CARDIOMETABOLIC WOMEN'S HEALTH. 2845 02:02:48,030 --> 02:02:56,205 OKAY. 2846 02:02:56,205 --> 02:02:57,440 I'M GOING OLD SCHOOL. 2847 02:02:57,440 --> 02:02:58,641 SORRY ABOUT THE POINTER. 2848 02:02:58,641 --> 02:03:00,176 IT WON'T BE AVAILABLE. 2849 02:03:00,176 --> 02:03:03,312 WHY DO WE CARE? 2850 02:03:03,312 --> 02:03:05,314 EVERYTHING EVERYWHERE ALWAYS AT 2851 02:03:05,314 --> 02:03:08,384 ONCE, THEY ARE FOUND, I'M GOING 2852 02:03:08,384 --> 02:03:10,620 TO FOCUS ON NON-PERSISTENT 2853 02:03:10,620 --> 02:03:12,288 EDCsS, PLASTICS, PERSONAL CARE 2854 02:03:12,288 --> 02:03:16,025 PRODUCTS, FOOD, PACKAGING. 2855 02:03:16,025 --> 02:03:18,027 SPECIFICALLY FOCUSING ON 2856 02:03:18,027 --> 02:03:18,995 PTHALATES AND PARABENS 2857 02:03:18,995 --> 02:03:21,531 ASSOCIATED NOT MANY WITH CHRONIC 2858 02:03:21,531 --> 02:03:23,499 INFLAMMATION WHICH MIGHT PLAY A 2859 02:03:23,499 --> 02:03:26,002 ROLE IN METABOLIC SYNDROME 2860 02:03:26,002 --> 02:03:26,536 DEVELOPMENT. 2861 02:03:26,536 --> 02:03:30,473 SO, ONE OF THE THINGS TO BRING 2862 02:03:30,473 --> 02:03:34,310 UP, WHEN DOES EXPOSURE MATTER. 2863 02:03:34,310 --> 02:03:37,613 I HAVE REALLY UTILIZED THE 2864 02:03:37,613 --> 02:03:39,415 DOHaD FRAMEWORK WHETHER EARLY 2865 02:03:39,415 --> 02:03:41,984 LIFE EXPOSURES INCLUDING IN THE 2866 02:03:41,984 --> 02:03:44,921 WOMB NOT ONLY TO TOXICANTS BUT 2867 02:03:44,921 --> 02:03:47,323 NUTRIENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL 2868 02:03:47,323 --> 02:03:48,858 INFLUENCES HAVE LONG-LASTING 2869 02:03:48,858 --> 02:03:54,564 EFFECTS ACROSS MULTIPLE 2870 02:03:54,564 --> 02:03:55,631 LIFESTYLE PERIODS INCLUDING 2871 02:03:55,631 --> 02:03:56,532 PUBERTY. 2872 02:03:56,532 --> 02:03:58,501 I WANT TO THINK ABOUT WHY IS IT 2873 02:03:58,501 --> 02:04:01,871 WE KNOW LESS ABOUT CONSEQUENCES 2874 02:04:01,871 --> 02:04:04,073 OF EDC EXPOSURES IN ADULTHOOD 2875 02:04:04,073 --> 02:04:05,474 FOR WOMEN'S HEALTH DURING 2876 02:04:05,474 --> 02:04:05,741 MID-LIFE? 2877 02:04:05,741 --> 02:04:10,513 AND THINK ABOUT THIS QUESTION. 2878 02:04:10,513 --> 02:04:13,149 WHETHER THERE MIGHT BE SEQUELAE 2879 02:04:13,149 --> 02:04:15,418 OF EDCs EXPOSURES AS WOMEN GO 2880 02:04:15,418 --> 02:04:19,622 THROUGH MENOPAUSAL TRANSITION. 2881 02:04:19,622 --> 02:04:21,157 MID-LIFE DOES ENCOMPASS 2882 02:04:21,157 --> 02:04:25,528 TRANSITION CHARACTERIZED BY 2883 02:04:25,528 --> 02:04:28,698 PHYSIOLOGIC AND HORMONAL CHANGES 2884 02:04:28,698 --> 02:04:30,566 WHICH TOGETHER MAY LEAD TO 2885 02:04:30,566 --> 02:04:33,769 INCREASES IN BODY WEIGHT AND 2886 02:04:33,769 --> 02:04:36,372 ABDOMINAL OBESITY, THESE MAY 2887 02:04:36,372 --> 02:04:38,574 ALSO FAVOR INSULIN RESISTANCE, 2888 02:04:38,574 --> 02:04:41,077 HYPERTENSION, OTHER CHRONIC 2889 02:04:41,077 --> 02:04:41,510 CONDITIONS. 2890 02:04:41,510 --> 02:04:42,945 MID-LIFE IS PLAUSIBLY SENSITIVE 2891 02:04:42,945 --> 02:04:46,249 TO EFFECTS OF EDCs DUE TO 2892 02:04:46,249 --> 02:04:47,550 CHANGING HORMONAL MILIEU. 2893 02:04:47,550 --> 02:04:49,952 AND AGAIN A FEW STUDIES SUGGEST 2894 02:04:49,952 --> 02:04:52,555 POSITIVE ASSOCIATIONS OF EDCs 2895 02:04:52,555 --> 02:04:54,323 WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME 2896 02:04:54,323 --> 02:04:55,858 COMPONENTS AND INFLAMMATION IN 2897 02:04:55,858 --> 02:04:58,361 WOMEN INCLUDING PREGNANT WOMEN. 2898 02:04:58,361 --> 02:05:00,663 THERE ARE HARDLY ANY -- WE COULD 2899 02:05:00,663 --> 02:05:04,400 ONLY FINE ONE, IN MID-LIFE 2900 02:05:04,400 --> 02:05:04,700 WOMEN. 2901 02:05:04,700 --> 02:05:06,435 SO OBJECTIVES THAT WILL DRIVE 2902 02:05:06,435 --> 02:05:08,838 THE SNAPSHOT OF RESULTS I'LL 2903 02:05:08,838 --> 02:05:11,507 SHOW TODAY WOULD BE CHARACTERIZE 2904 02:05:11,507 --> 02:05:12,508 ASSOCIATION OF NON-PERSISTENT 2905 02:05:12,508 --> 02:05:15,344 EDCs WITH COMPONENTS OF 2906 02:05:15,344 --> 02:05:15,811 METABOLIC SYNDROME AND 2907 02:05:15,811 --> 02:05:17,647 INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN THE 2908 02:05:17,647 --> 02:05:19,682 SAMPLE OF MEXICAN WOMEN IN 2909 02:05:19,682 --> 02:05:21,350 MID-LIFE WE FOLLOWED THROUGH THE 2910 02:05:21,350 --> 02:05:23,352 ELEMENT COHORT THAT I'D BE HAPPY 2911 02:05:23,352 --> 02:05:26,289 TO TALK MORE ABOUT IN QUESTION 2912 02:05:26,289 --> 02:05:26,956 AND ANSWERS. 2913 02:05:26,956 --> 02:05:28,357 ONE OF THE THINGS WE'RE 2914 02:05:28,357 --> 02:05:30,893 INTERESTED IS NOT ONLY 2915 02:05:30,893 --> 02:05:32,395 CONSIDERING DIET QUALITY 2916 02:05:32,395 --> 02:05:32,995 SPECIFICALLY ANTI-INFLAMMATORY 2917 02:05:32,995 --> 02:05:35,031 DIETS BUT ALSO WHETHER THESE 2918 02:05:35,031 --> 02:05:37,033 MIGHT INTERACT AND WORK TOGETHER 2919 02:05:37,033 --> 02:05:42,071 WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP 2920 02:05:42,071 --> 02:05:42,805 BEHAVIORS. 2921 02:05:42,805 --> 02:05:46,876 IN RESULTS NEXT THIS IS A 2922 02:05:46,876 --> 02:05:48,611 PRE-PANDEMIC SAMPLE, 2923 02:05:48,611 --> 02:05:50,479 POST-PANDEMIC DATA IN HOUSE 2924 02:05:50,479 --> 02:05:50,746 RECENTLY. 2925 02:05:50,746 --> 02:05:53,349 WOMEN AGED 46 YEARS ON AGE, MORE 2926 02:05:53,349 --> 02:05:54,417 OR LESS. 2927 02:05:54,417 --> 02:05:56,385 NEW BMI WAS 30, HALF OF THE 2928 02:05:56,385 --> 02:05:58,788 SAMPLE ARE CLASSIFIED WITH HIGH 2929 02:05:58,788 --> 02:06:02,258 BMI THAT IS OBESITY. 2930 02:06:02,258 --> 02:06:04,760 MENOPAUSAL STATUS, ABOUT HALF 2931 02:06:04,760 --> 02:06:08,064 WERE EITHER MENOPAUSAL OR 2932 02:06:08,064 --> 02:06:12,001 PERIMENOPAUSAL BASED ON WISE 2933 02:06:12,001 --> 02:06:13,669 CRITERIA, IN THIS COHORT A THIRD 2934 02:06:13,669 --> 02:06:16,839 WERE CURRENT OR FORMER SMOKERS, 2935 02:06:16,839 --> 02:06:18,908 73% WORKING CLASS. 2936 02:06:18,908 --> 02:06:21,210 THIS IS URBAN, MEXICO CITY. 2937 02:06:21,210 --> 02:06:22,411 IN A LONGITUDINAL PILOT STUDY 2938 02:06:22,411 --> 02:06:23,746 AMONG THESE WOMEN THAT I'LL TELL 2939 02:06:23,746 --> 02:06:25,848 YOU MORE ABOUT WE WERE ABLE TO 2940 02:06:25,848 --> 02:06:31,420 LOOK AT EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE 2941 02:06:31,420 --> 02:06:33,055 NON-PERSISTENT EDC EXPOSURE IN 2942 02:06:33,055 --> 02:06:36,759 2008, AND COMPONENTS TEN YEARS 2943 02:06:36,759 --> 02:06:36,959 LATER. 2944 02:06:36,959 --> 02:06:38,627 SO, WE AGAIN WENT WITH THE 2945 02:06:38,627 --> 02:06:40,863 EVERYTHING EVERYWHERE ALL AT 2946 02:06:40,863 --> 02:06:45,768 ONCE APPROACH, ANALYZED 16 2947 02:06:45,768 --> 02:06:51,107 PTHALATES, 4 PARABENS, 7 2948 02:06:51,107 --> 02:06:53,409 PHENOLS, COMPARABLE TO CDC 2949 02:06:53,409 --> 02:06:53,843 METHOD. 2950 02:06:53,843 --> 02:06:58,781 BUILDING ON A POINT EARLIER DR. 2951 02:06:58,781 --> 02:07:00,182 BIRNBAUM MADE, SINGLE 2952 02:07:00,182 --> 02:07:03,152 METABOLITES AND LOOKING AT 2953 02:07:03,152 --> 02:07:04,787 COMBINATIONS OF METABOLITES. 2954 02:07:04,787 --> 02:07:05,788 WE TOOK EDITORIAL PRIVILEGES, 2955 02:07:05,788 --> 02:07:08,924 LOOK AT THE SUM OF THE EHP 2956 02:07:08,924 --> 02:07:10,359 METABOLITES, PERSONAL COMPOUNDS 2957 02:07:10,359 --> 02:07:13,429 FOUND IN PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS, 2958 02:07:13,429 --> 02:07:17,800 INCLUDING DHP, SAME WITH 2959 02:07:17,800 --> 02:07:20,569 ANTI-ANTHROAGAINIC COMPOUNDS AND 2960 02:07:20,569 --> 02:07:20,836 PLASTICS. 2961 02:07:20,836 --> 02:07:22,304 AND FOR OUTCOMES WE WERE ABLE TO 2962 02:07:22,304 --> 02:07:32,715 LOOK AT A PANEL OF INFLAMMATORY 2963 02:07:32,715 --> 02:07:35,551 CYTOKINES, TNF ALPHA, C-REACTIVE 2964 02:07:35,551 --> 02:07:36,652 PROTEIN AND INTERLEUKIN, 2965 02:07:36,652 --> 02:07:38,888 FASCINATING AND VEXING BECAUSE 2966 02:07:38,888 --> 02:07:41,123 SOME WERE PRO- AND 2967 02:07:41,123 --> 02:07:42,324 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, AND WE'RE 2968 02:07:42,324 --> 02:07:44,226 STILL UNDERSTANDING THE 2969 02:07:44,226 --> 02:07:46,629 CYTOKINES THEMSELVES, AS WELL AS 2970 02:07:46,629 --> 02:07:51,300 METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS 2971 02:07:51,300 --> 02:07:51,600 COMPONENTS. 2972 02:07:51,600 --> 02:07:56,439 THEN THIS IS ANOTHER MEASURE OF 2973 02:07:56,439 --> 02:07:59,108 DIETARY QUALITY, NOT OPTIMAL 2974 02:07:59,108 --> 02:08:04,213 DIETARY QUALITY, THE NOVEMBER A 2975 02:08:04,213 --> 02:08:07,616 INDEX USED INTERNATIONAL THAT 2976 02:08:07,616 --> 02:08:09,919 CLASSIFIES PERCENT OF ENERGY 2977 02:08:09,919 --> 02:08:12,087 INTAKE FROM ULTRA PROCESSED 2978 02:08:12,087 --> 02:08:12,521 FOOD. 2979 02:08:12,521 --> 02:08:14,623 WE USE VALIDATED FOOD FREQUENCY 2980 02:08:14,623 --> 02:08:15,958 QUESTIONNAIRE THAT'S ADAPTED 2981 02:08:15,958 --> 02:08:17,660 FROM MEXICO HEALTH AND NUTRITION 2982 02:08:17,660 --> 02:08:17,893 SURVEY. 2983 02:08:17,893 --> 02:08:20,529 I WANT TO FLAG THE IMPORTANCE OF 2984 02:08:20,529 --> 02:08:22,264 UNDERSTANDING EXPOSURES IN 2985 02:08:22,264 --> 02:08:23,132 DIFFERENT CONTEXTS, WHICH IS I 2986 02:08:23,132 --> 02:08:25,234 THINK WE HAVE A WAYS TO GO IN 2987 02:08:25,234 --> 02:08:28,504 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE IN 2988 02:08:28,504 --> 02:08:31,040 THATTER A AND USE CATEGORY FOR 2989 02:08:31,040 --> 02:08:33,843 PERCENT OF ENERGY INTAKE, 29% OF 2990 02:08:33,843 --> 02:08:40,449 ENERGY INTAKE, FROM YOU ULTRA 2991 02:08:40,449 --> 02:08:42,585 PROCESSED FOODS IN THIS 2992 02:08:42,585 --> 02:08:42,885 POPULATION. 2993 02:08:42,885 --> 02:08:46,255 MAIN POINTS, IT'S A SERIES OF 2994 02:08:46,255 --> 02:08:47,990 CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS, THE 2995 02:08:47,990 --> 02:08:50,092 TOP BAR IS SHOWING WHETHER 2996 02:08:50,092 --> 02:08:51,494 ENERGY INTAKE FROM ULTRA 2997 02:08:51,494 --> 02:09:02,004 PROCESSED FOODS WAS ASSOCIATED 2998 02:09:03,372 --> 02:09:04,406 WITH ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 2999 02:09:04,406 --> 02:09:04,673 CHEMICALS. 3000 02:09:04,673 --> 02:09:06,041 YELLOW IS NEGATIVE. 3001 02:09:06,041 --> 02:09:08,244 WHAT WE FOUND ULTRA PROCESSED 3002 02:09:08,244 --> 02:09:13,716 FOODS CORRELATED WITH SUM OF 3003 02:09:13,716 --> 02:09:22,892 DEHP, DOWNSTREAM METABOLITES, 3004 02:09:22,892 --> 02:09:24,093 SUM OF PLASTICS. 3005 02:09:24,093 --> 02:09:27,062 GREAT NEWS IF YOU REDUCE INTAKE 3006 02:09:27,062 --> 02:09:28,297 OF ULTRA PROCESSED FOODS. 3007 02:09:28,297 --> 02:09:29,698 HOWEVER IT WAS NOT ASSOCIATED 3008 02:09:29,698 --> 02:09:32,535 WITH ANY OF THE INFLAMMATORY 3009 02:09:32,535 --> 02:09:32,801 CYTOKINES. 3010 02:09:32,801 --> 02:09:36,071 IF YOU READ THE NEWSPAPER TODAY, 3011 02:09:36,071 --> 02:09:40,643 YOU WOULD THINK THESE WOULD BE 3012 02:09:40,643 --> 02:09:41,277 ASSOCIATED. 3013 02:09:41,277 --> 02:09:44,680 SO, I'LL JUST SHOW TWO OTHER 3014 02:09:44,680 --> 02:09:45,681 FIGURES, VERY DENSE. 3015 02:09:45,681 --> 02:09:49,518 I'LL WALK THROUGH A COUPLE 3016 02:09:49,518 --> 02:09:50,152 POINTS. 3017 02:09:50,152 --> 02:09:52,354 WE DID REGRESSION MODELS 3018 02:09:52,354 --> 02:09:54,223 ADJUSTING FOR MULTIPLE IMPORTANT 3019 02:09:54,223 --> 02:09:58,160 COVARIATES TO SEE WHETHER SINGLE 3020 02:09:58,160 --> 02:09:59,261 EDCs AND IMPORTANTLY SUMMARY 3021 02:09:59,261 --> 02:10:02,097 EDCs MIGHT BE RELATED WITH 3022 02:10:02,097 --> 02:10:02,565 DIFFERENT INFLAMMATORY 3023 02:10:02,565 --> 02:10:06,135 CYTOKINES, THIS WOULD BE THE 3024 02:10:06,135 --> 02:10:07,570 MECHANISM UNDERLYING WE THINK 3025 02:10:07,570 --> 02:10:09,538 DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC 3026 02:10:09,538 --> 02:10:09,805 SYNDROME. 3027 02:10:09,805 --> 02:10:14,243 THIS IS TNF ALPHA. 3028 02:10:14,243 --> 02:10:15,778 THE TAKEHOME MESSAGE, DEHTP, 3029 02:10:15,778 --> 02:10:18,714 PLASTICS AND ONE OF THE 3030 02:10:18,714 --> 02:10:20,249 DOWNSTREAM METABOLITES WERE 3031 02:10:20,249 --> 02:10:22,217 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER LEVELS OF 3032 02:10:22,217 --> 02:10:23,752 THIS INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE. 3033 02:10:23,752 --> 02:10:25,387 IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. 3034 02:10:25,387 --> 02:10:28,591 WHEN WE ADDED ULTRA PROCESSED 3035 02:10:28,591 --> 02:10:29,892 FOODS, WE COULD NO LONGER 3036 02:10:29,892 --> 02:10:35,431 CONSIDER IT A MODERATOR IT DID 3037 02:10:35,431 --> 02:10:38,267 REDUCE THE P-VALUE BUT DIDN'T 3038 02:10:38,267 --> 02:10:39,969 CHANGE EFFECT ESTIMATE. 3039 02:10:39,969 --> 02:10:41,003 A DIFFERENT EXAMPLE, I LOOK 3040 02:10:41,003 --> 02:10:43,606 FORWARD TO THE PREVIOUS 3041 02:10:43,606 --> 02:10:45,908 SPEAKERS'S THOUGHTS ON THIS, I 3042 02:10:45,908 --> 02:10:49,778 WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT METHYL 3043 02:10:49,778 --> 02:10:51,146 PARABEN, VERY DEMOCRATIC, 3044 02:10:51,146 --> 02:10:52,348 NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH 3045 02:10:52,348 --> 02:10:55,985 ALMOST ALL INFLAMMATORY 3046 02:10:55,985 --> 02:10:57,686 CYTOKINES, ONE EXAMPLE HERE, IN 3047 02:10:57,686 --> 02:10:59,888 A COUPLE CASES STRENGTHENED BY 3048 02:10:59,888 --> 02:11:00,823 ADDING ULTRA PROCESSED FOODS TO 3049 02:11:00,823 --> 02:11:01,423 THE MODEL. 3050 02:11:01,423 --> 02:11:03,759 THIS WAS A BIT OF PUZZLE BUT I 3051 02:11:03,759 --> 02:11:07,229 THINK WE NEED TO KEEP IN MIND 3052 02:11:07,229 --> 02:11:09,064 IT'S AN ANTI-FUNGAL AGENT, USED 3053 02:11:09,064 --> 02:11:13,235 IN PERSONAL PRODUCTS, IN SOME 3054 02:11:13,235 --> 02:11:19,041 FOOD PRODUCTS AND COULD BE 3055 02:11:19,041 --> 02:11:22,745 CONFOUNDED WITH POSSIBLY HIGH 3056 02:11:22,745 --> 02:11:24,079 QUALITY DIETS, JUST A 3057 02:11:24,079 --> 02:11:24,813 HYPOTHESIS. 3058 02:11:24,813 --> 02:11:26,482 THIS IS SHOWS RELATIONSHIP 3059 02:11:26,482 --> 02:11:28,250 BETWEEN EDCs WHEN WOMEN WERE 3060 02:11:28,250 --> 02:11:29,952 35 YEARS OF AGE, THEY'VE HAD 3061 02:11:29,952 --> 02:11:34,590 MOST OF THEIR CHILDREN BUT WERE 3062 02:11:34,590 --> 02:11:37,059 NOW HAVING -- STARTING TO HEAD 3063 02:11:37,059 --> 02:11:39,161 INTO MID-LIFE, AND METABOLIC 3064 02:11:39,161 --> 02:11:44,633 SYNDROME, 9 TO 10 YEARS LATER. 3065 02:11:44,633 --> 02:11:47,369 TAKEHOME MESSAGE SUM OF DBT AND 3066 02:11:47,369 --> 02:11:48,671 DEHP, PACKAGING AND PERSONAL 3067 02:11:48,671 --> 02:11:51,507 CARE PRODUCTS, ASSOCIATED WITH 3068 02:11:51,507 --> 02:11:53,942 APPROXIMATELY TWO-FOLD INCREASE 3069 02:11:53,942 --> 02:11:57,546 IN TRIGLYCERIDES, BAD BLOOD FATS 3070 02:11:57,546 --> 02:11:59,748 FOR THOSE WHO MAY NOT WORK 3071 02:11:59,748 --> 02:12:02,351 ALWAYS WITH THIS PARTICULAR 3072 02:12:02,351 --> 02:12:03,152 OUTCOME. 3073 02:12:03,152 --> 02:12:04,887 IN ADDITION MEP, LIPSTICK, WHICH 3074 02:12:04,887 --> 02:12:07,723 I PUT ON BEFORE THIS TALK, 3075 02:12:07,723 --> 02:12:12,094 ASSOCIATED WITH TWO-FOLD 3076 02:12:12,094 --> 02:12:13,629 INCREASE, TWO DCP METABOLITES. 3077 02:12:13,629 --> 02:12:15,931 THERE WERE SINGLE ASSOCIATIONS, 3078 02:12:15,931 --> 02:12:17,132 WORRISOME, FOUR-FOLD INCREASE OF 3079 02:12:17,132 --> 02:12:19,334 HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE 3080 02:12:19,334 --> 02:12:21,937 ASSOCIATIONED WITH MCOP AND WITH 3081 02:12:21,937 --> 02:12:23,272 POLY PARABEN. 3082 02:12:23,272 --> 02:12:28,777 THERE WERE A COUPLE NEGATIVE 3083 02:12:28,777 --> 02:12:32,981 ASSOCIATIONS THAT WE NEED TO 3084 02:12:32,981 --> 02:12:40,522 THINK ABOUT, AGAIN TRICLOSAN. 3085 02:12:40,522 --> 02:12:45,127 WHAT DID WE LEARN? 3086 02:12:45,127 --> 02:12:46,695 CORRELATION WITH NON-PERSISTENT 3087 02:12:46,695 --> 02:12:57,339 EDCs, INVERSE INVERSELY CORRE. 3088 02:13:05,314 --> 02:13:06,882 SO WHAT ABOUT HEALTHY LIFESTYLE? 3089 02:13:06,882 --> 02:13:10,185 WE'RE IN THE MIDST OF TRYING TO 3090 02:13:10,185 --> 02:13:11,487 SORT OUT THE RELATIONSHIP OF 3091 02:13:11,487 --> 02:13:14,757 DIET JUST TO SOME OF THE HEALTH 3092 02:13:14,757 --> 02:13:15,224 OUTCOMES. 3093 02:13:15,224 --> 02:13:16,725 THE BOTTOM LINE SINCE I'M SHORT 3094 02:13:16,725 --> 02:13:21,130 ON TIME IS THAT WE DID NOT FIND 3095 02:13:21,130 --> 02:13:22,765 THAT ALTERNATIVE MEDITERRANEAN 3096 02:13:22,765 --> 02:13:24,933 DIET, REALLY IMPORTANT HEALTHY 3097 02:13:24,933 --> 02:13:26,368 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DIET, WAS 3098 02:13:26,368 --> 02:13:27,136 ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC 3099 02:13:27,136 --> 02:13:28,670 SYNDROME WHICH IS ABOUT HALF OF 3100 02:13:28,670 --> 02:13:32,708 THE WOMEN IN THE SAMPLE. 3101 02:13:32,708 --> 02:13:34,409 BUT THESE ARE TEASER FOR 3102 02:13:34,409 --> 02:13:37,780 FINDINGS AT THE AMERICAN SOCIETY 3103 02:13:37,780 --> 02:13:40,048 FOR NUTRITION IN TWO WEEKS, 3104 02:13:40,048 --> 02:13:43,685 SHORT SLEEPERS, WE DID SEE 3105 02:13:43,685 --> 02:13:45,754 ALTERNATIVE MEDITERRANEAN DIET 3106 02:13:45,754 --> 02:13:47,823 HAD PROTECTIVE EFFECT. 3107 02:13:47,823 --> 02:13:50,225 WE FOUND DIETARY INFLAMMATORY 3108 02:13:50,225 --> 02:13:52,528 INDEX, WE CAN GO INTO DETAIL IN 3109 02:13:52,528 --> 02:13:55,597 Q&A, WAS NOT RELATED TO 3110 02:13:55,597 --> 02:13:57,800 METABOLIC SYNDROME BUT WE DID 3111 02:13:57,800 --> 02:14:01,170 FIND SEDENTARY ACTIVITY WAS 3112 02:14:01,170 --> 02:14:03,872 ASSOCIATED AS WELL AS SITTING 3113 02:14:03,872 --> 02:14:07,943 TIME WITH HIGHER LEVELS OF TWO 3114 02:14:07,943 --> 02:14:08,210 CYTOKINES. 3115 02:14:08,210 --> 02:14:11,480 DO WE KNOW ENOUGH TO TAKE 3116 02:14:11,480 --> 02:14:12,648 ACTION? 3117 02:14:12,648 --> 02:14:13,482 PROBABLY NOT. 3118 02:14:13,482 --> 02:14:15,484 BUT THERE ARE -- THIS WORK IS 3119 02:14:15,484 --> 02:14:17,619 CONSISTENT WITH A VERY LARGE 3120 02:14:17,619 --> 02:14:19,922 BODY OF LITERATURE THAT 3121 02:14:19,922 --> 02:14:20,989 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DIETS IN 3122 02:14:20,989 --> 02:14:22,090 COMBINATION WITH HEALTHY 3123 02:14:22,090 --> 02:14:26,128 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND LIFESTYLE 3124 02:14:26,128 --> 02:14:27,563 BEHAVIORS AND DARK CHOCOLATE OF 3125 02:14:27,563 --> 02:14:29,198 COURSE MAY REDUCE EDC EXPOSURE 3126 02:14:29,198 --> 02:14:31,934 AND MAY IMPROVE MOST COMPONENTS 3127 02:14:31,934 --> 02:14:34,670 OF CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK. 3128 02:14:34,670 --> 02:14:36,438 AGAIN, MY CALL FOR CONTEXT 3129 02:14:36,438 --> 02:14:37,506 SPECIFIC INFORMATION ON EDC 3130 02:14:37,506 --> 02:14:40,375 SOURCES, WE WORK IN MEXICO CITY, 3131 02:14:40,375 --> 02:14:42,344 SOME SOURCES WILL BE DIFFERENT 3132 02:14:42,344 --> 02:14:49,351 BUT ALSO PATTERNS OF USE. 3133 02:14:49,351 --> 02:14:50,652 FINALLY THE OBLIGATORY BULLET, 3134 02:14:50,652 --> 02:14:52,421 WE NEED REPEATED MEASURES OF 3135 02:14:52,421 --> 02:14:54,256 EXPOSURES AND REPEATED MEASURES 3136 02:14:54,256 --> 02:14:56,024 OF OUTCOMES WHICH ARE CURRENTLY 3137 02:14:56,024 --> 02:15:02,698 COMING IN AS PART OF THE R01. 3138 02:15:02,698 --> 02:15:04,533 I THINK A QUESTION, FOR EXAMPLE, 3139 02:15:04,533 --> 02:15:07,603 IS WHETHER NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION 3140 02:15:07,603 --> 02:15:09,271 OF EDCs WITH INFLAMMATION IS A 3141 02:15:09,271 --> 02:15:10,572 REFLECTION OF SOMETHING THAT 3142 02:15:10,572 --> 02:15:12,541 RELATES TO THE TEMPO OF 3143 02:15:12,541 --> 02:15:15,878 MENOPAUSE IN THAT TRANSITION AND 3144 02:15:15,878 --> 02:15:17,446 WHETHER THERE'S ANY ALTERATIONS 3145 02:15:17,446 --> 02:15:18,113 THERE. 3146 02:15:18,113 --> 02:15:22,818 SO I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT LINDSEY 3147 02:15:22,818 --> 02:15:27,623 ENGLISH AND DR. LIBNI TORRES, 3148 02:15:27,623 --> 02:15:28,824 AND OTHER COLLABORATORS WHOSE 3149 02:15:28,824 --> 02:15:31,126 RESEARCH IS DETAILED IN PREVIOUS 3150 02:15:31,126 --> 02:15:32,761 SLIDES, AND A LARGE ELEMENT 3151 02:15:32,761 --> 02:15:35,163 COHORT, 30 YEARS OF FUNDING FROM 3152 02:15:35,163 --> 02:15:36,265 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 3153 02:15:36,265 --> 02:15:42,404 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES. 3154 02:15:42,404 --> 02:15:44,573 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 3155 02:15:44,573 --> 02:15:46,341 >> THANK YOU. 3156 02:15:46,341 --> 02:15:53,782 I'M GLAD TO SEE INTEREST IN 3157 02:15:53,782 --> 02:15:55,651 MENOPAUSAL WOMEN. 3158 02:15:55,651 --> 02:15:57,819 WE'D LIKE TO ASK DR. JOSEPH 3159 02:15:57,819 --> 02:15:59,788 BRAUN TO START HIS PRESENTATION 3160 02:15:59,788 --> 02:16:07,896 PLEASE. 3161 02:16:07,896 --> 02:16:17,940 3162 02:16:19,241 --> 02:16:21,043 3163 02:16:21,043 --> 02:16:21,677 DR. BRAUN? 3164 02:16:21,677 --> 02:16:24,746 >> CAN YOU HEAR ME OKAY? 3165 02:16:24,746 --> 02:16:25,380 HELLO? 3166 02:16:25,380 --> 02:16:27,582 >> YES, WE CAN HEAR YOU NOW. 3167 02:16:27,582 --> 02:16:31,219 MAYBE SPEAK UP A LITTLE BIT. 3168 02:16:31,219 --> 02:16:31,520 >> SURE. 3169 02:16:31,520 --> 02:16:32,487 I CAN ADVANCE. 3170 02:16:32,487 --> 02:16:32,721 OKAY. 3171 02:16:32,721 --> 02:16:36,591 I WANT TO THANK THE ORGANIZERS 3172 02:16:36,591 --> 02:16:38,560 FOR INVITING ME TO TALK AND 3173 02:16:38,560 --> 02:16:40,429 THANK RITA AND KAREN FOR SETTING 3174 02:16:40,429 --> 02:16:41,630 ME UP WELL. 3175 02:16:41,630 --> 02:16:45,334 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT PFAS 3176 02:16:45,334 --> 02:16:45,901 EXPOSURE HERE. 3177 02:16:45,901 --> 02:16:48,503 AND SOME OF THE WORK WE'VE BEEN 3178 02:16:48,503 --> 02:16:50,806 DOING TO MITIGATE POTENTIAL 3179 02:16:50,806 --> 02:16:53,442 HEALTH EFFECTS OF PFAS EXPOSURE. 3180 02:16:53,442 --> 02:16:58,680 MANY ARE FAMILIAR SO I WON'T 3181 02:16:58,680 --> 02:17:00,849 SPEND TIME, CHARACTERIZED BY 3182 02:17:00,849 --> 02:17:05,887 CARBON CHAINS THAT ARE 3183 02:17:05,887 --> 02:17:08,190 FLUORINATED, USED IN NON-STICK 3184 02:17:08,190 --> 02:17:10,359 COOK WARE, STAIN RESISTANT 3185 02:17:10,359 --> 02:17:12,127 TEXTILES AND AFFF. 3186 02:17:12,127 --> 02:17:13,328 THEY ARE DETECTED IN NEARLY 3187 02:17:13,328 --> 02:17:15,864 EVERYTHING WE MEASURE THEM IN 3188 02:17:15,864 --> 02:17:17,466 INCLUDING DRINKING WATER, SOIL, 3189 02:17:17,466 --> 02:17:19,801 HUMAN BLOOD, EVEN IN THE ARCTIC, 3190 02:17:19,801 --> 02:17:22,537 EVEN IN ANIMALS ABOVE THE ARCTIC 3191 02:17:22,537 --> 02:17:23,538 CIRCLE. 3192 02:17:23,538 --> 02:17:26,675 THE EXTENT OF PFAS CONTAMINATION 3193 02:17:26,675 --> 02:17:28,577 IS HIGH, 50,000 SITES IN THE 3194 02:17:28,577 --> 02:17:29,878 UNITED STATES USING PFAS. 3195 02:17:29,878 --> 02:17:32,414 THIS IS RESULTING IN WIDESPREAD 3196 02:17:32,414 --> 02:17:34,182 CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER. 3197 02:17:34,182 --> 02:17:38,720 AND THERE'S CONCERN OVER THE 3198 02:17:38,720 --> 02:17:43,291 FACT PFAS PERSISTS FOR YEARS, 3199 02:17:43,291 --> 02:17:47,129 BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIVES, FIVE TO 3200 02:17:47,129 --> 02:17:48,997 SEVEN YEARS, DEFINITE 3201 02:17:48,997 --> 02:17:50,866 ENVIRONMENTAL PERSISTENCE. 3202 02:17:50,866 --> 02:17:52,934 HISTORICAL EXPOSURE IS A CONCERN 3203 02:17:52,934 --> 02:17:53,702 HERE. 3204 02:17:53,702 --> 02:17:55,137 WE'RE CONCERNED BECAUSE PEOPLE 3205 02:17:55,137 --> 02:17:56,538 ARE DISCOVERING NOW THAT THEY 3206 02:17:56,538 --> 02:17:59,608 HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO THESE 3207 02:17:59,608 --> 02:18:02,010 CHEMICALS USED SINCE THE 3208 02:18:02,010 --> 02:18:02,978 1950s, DRINKING CONTAMINATED 3209 02:18:02,978 --> 02:18:07,916 DRINKING WATER OR LIVE NEXT TO, 3210 02:18:07,916 --> 02:18:09,317 YOU KNOW, A BIOSOLID FACILITY 3211 02:18:09,317 --> 02:18:14,689 THAT'S BEEN SPREADING THAT ON 3212 02:18:14,689 --> 02:18:18,727 CROPS, PFAS-CONTAMINATED 3213 02:18:18,727 --> 02:18:18,994 BIOSOLIDS. 3214 02:18:18,994 --> 02:18:19,728 UNLIKE NON-PERSISTENT CHEMICALS 3215 02:18:19,728 --> 02:18:21,463 THESE ARE STILL IN OUR BODY. 3216 02:18:21,463 --> 02:18:22,664 WE CAN'T JUST STOP DOING 3217 02:18:22,664 --> 02:18:25,000 SOMETHING AND GET RID OF THEM. 3218 02:18:25,000 --> 02:18:26,201 THIS IS REALLY CONCERNING 3219 02:18:26,201 --> 02:18:27,069 BECAUSE PEOPLE ARE THINKING 3220 02:18:27,069 --> 02:18:37,612 ABOUT WHAT DO I DO NOW THAT I'VE 3221 02:18:38,947 --> 02:18:39,648 BEEN EXPOSED. 3222 02:18:39,648 --> 02:18:42,184 CAN YOU ADVANCE THE SLIDE? 3223 02:18:42,184 --> 02:18:44,686 IT'S NOT ADVANCING. 3224 02:18:44,686 --> 02:18:47,622 PFAS IS ASSOCIATED WITH 3225 02:18:47,622 --> 02:18:48,824 DIFFERENT HEALTH EFFECTS, 3226 02:18:48,824 --> 02:18:50,692 DECREASE THE BIRTH WEIGHT, 3227 02:18:50,692 --> 02:18:53,528 REDUCED VACCINE RESPONSE IN 3228 02:18:53,528 --> 02:18:55,397 CHILDREN, METABOLIC EFFECTS, 3229 02:18:55,397 --> 02:18:57,032 ELEVATED CHOLESTEROL, LIVER 3230 02:18:57,032 --> 02:19:00,168 DISEASE, KIDNEY DISEASE, 3231 02:19:00,168 --> 02:19:02,070 TESTICULAR CANCER. 3232 02:19:02,070 --> 02:19:04,039 A NUMBER OF ENDPOINTS ACROSS THE 3233 02:19:04,039 --> 02:19:04,506 LIFESPAN. 3234 02:19:04,506 --> 02:19:06,808 I WANT TO FOCUS ON THE FRAMEWORK 3235 02:19:06,808 --> 02:19:09,845 OF HOW WE CAN THINK ABOUT 3236 02:19:09,845 --> 02:19:11,379 PREVENTING PFAS EXPOSURE AND 3237 02:19:11,379 --> 02:19:13,115 RELATED HEALTH EFFECTS, APPLIED 3238 02:19:13,115 --> 02:19:17,919 TO ANY EXPOSURE WE'RE LOOKING 3239 02:19:17,919 --> 02:19:18,487 AT. 3240 02:19:18,487 --> 02:19:20,255 PREVENTING EXPOSURE THROUGH 3241 02:19:20,255 --> 02:19:22,524 REGULATION AND POLICY IS MOST 3242 02:19:22,524 --> 02:19:28,463 EFFECTIVE IN TERMS OF HEALTH 3243 02:19:28,463 --> 02:19:30,866 IMPACTS, CHEAPEST IN TERMS OF 3244 02:19:30,866 --> 02:19:31,733 INDIVIDUAL LEVEL COST. 3245 02:19:31,733 --> 02:19:38,540 NEXT IS OUR LINE OF DEFENSE, 3246 02:19:38,540 --> 02:19:39,574 MITIGATING, AFTER YOU'VE BEEN 3247 02:19:39,574 --> 02:19:42,444 EXPOSED, AND AT THE END REDUCE 3248 02:19:42,444 --> 02:19:42,744 BODY BURDEN. 3249 02:19:42,744 --> 02:19:44,112 I'LL TALK ABOUT AN EXAMPLE OF 3250 02:19:44,112 --> 02:19:51,887 EACH WITH THE FIRST TWO BEING 3251 02:19:51,887 --> 02:19:57,025 WORK FROM MY GROUP. 3252 02:19:57,025 --> 02:20:07,102 ONE THING BORN OF THE PANDEMIC 3253 02:20:07,102 --> 02:20:15,610 TEST LOW COST AIR FILTERS. 3254 02:20:15,610 --> 02:20:17,112 THE PANDEMIC BROUGHT ATTENTION. 3255 02:20:17,112 --> 02:20:21,583 AN IDEA FOR DO IT YOURSELF AIR 3256 02:20:21,583 --> 02:20:23,785 FILTER, FOUR MERV 13 FILTERS IN 3257 02:20:23,785 --> 02:20:27,088 THE FORCED AIR FURNACE, A BOX 3258 02:20:27,088 --> 02:20:28,823 FAN, SLAPPED TOGETHER WITH DUCT 3259 02:20:28,823 --> 02:20:31,793 TAPE AND CARDBOARD. 3260 02:20:31,793 --> 02:20:33,762 THEY DID ELEGANT STUDIES, AIR 3261 02:20:33,762 --> 02:20:35,230 FILTERS YOU CAN MAKE YOURSELF 3262 02:20:35,230 --> 02:20:37,899 FOR LESS THAN $100 WERE AS 3263 02:20:37,899 --> 02:20:44,039 EFFECTIVE AS COMMERCIAL AIR 3264 02:20:44,039 --> 02:20:44,639 FILTERS REDUCING PARTICULATES 3265 02:20:44,639 --> 02:20:46,575 AND THERE WERE VERY FEW STUDIES 3266 02:20:46,575 --> 02:20:49,978 IF THEY WERE EFFECTIVE FOR 3267 02:20:49,978 --> 02:20:51,079 REDUCING CHEMICAL POLLUTANT 3268 02:20:51,079 --> 02:20:51,379 EXPOSURE. 3269 02:20:51,379 --> 02:20:53,048 THE DEAN OF OUR SCHOOL SAID I 3270 02:20:53,048 --> 02:20:54,683 WANT TO PUT THESE IN EVERY ROOM 3271 02:20:54,683 --> 02:20:55,884 OF THE SCHOOL AND I SAID IF 3272 02:20:55,884 --> 02:20:57,852 YOU'RE GOING TO DO THAT I WANT 3273 02:20:57,852 --> 02:20:59,921 TO TEST THE AIR SAMPLES BEFORE 3274 02:20:59,921 --> 02:21:02,023 AND WHILE WE'RE DOING THIS TO 3275 02:21:02,023 --> 02:21:04,392 SEE FIT REDUCES LEVELS OF 3276 02:21:04,392 --> 02:21:06,161 EXPOSURE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 3277 02:21:06,161 --> 02:21:06,494 CHEMICALS. 3278 02:21:06,494 --> 02:21:10,165 WE DID A STUDY IN COLLABORATION 3279 02:21:10,165 --> 02:21:11,366 WITH BROWN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF 3280 02:21:11,366 --> 02:21:14,236 PUBLIC HEALTH SCHOOL OF 3281 02:21:14,236 --> 02:21:15,904 ENGINEERING AND SILENT SPRING 3282 02:21:15,904 --> 02:21:16,504 INSTITUTE, QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL 3283 02:21:16,504 --> 02:21:18,506 STUDY, 17 ROOMS IN THE SCHOOL OF 3284 02:21:18,506 --> 02:21:19,941 PUBLIC HEALTH, UNIT OF 3285 02:21:19,941 --> 02:21:21,243 OBSERVATION WAS THE ROOMS, 3286 02:21:21,243 --> 02:21:24,746 PRE-INTERVENTION PERIOD IN 3287 02:21:24,746 --> 02:21:27,482 NOVEMBER OF 2021, DURING 3288 02:21:27,482 --> 02:21:34,389 INTERVENTION PERIOD IN MARCH 3289 02:21:34,389 --> 02:21:35,724 2022, PUT THE CORESY-ROSENTHAL 3290 02:21:35,724 --> 02:21:42,464 BOXES IN 17 ROOMS, WITH THE GOAL 3291 02:21:42,464 --> 02:21:45,900 TO ACHIEVE SIX AIR CHANGES PER 3292 02:21:45,900 --> 02:21:47,636 HOUR, 12 HOURS A DAY, ROBIN 3293 02:21:47,636 --> 02:21:49,404 DODSON AND I DID EXPOSURE 3294 02:21:49,404 --> 02:21:50,939 MONITORING USING ACTIVE AIR 3295 02:21:50,939 --> 02:21:52,774 MONITORING FOR FOUR DAYS, BEFORE 3296 02:21:52,774 --> 02:21:54,743 AND DURING INTERVENTION PERIOD 3297 02:21:54,743 --> 02:21:57,145 AND MEASURED 66 PFAS AND 3298 02:21:57,145 --> 02:22:01,416 PTHALATES, THOUSANDS OF OTHER 3299 02:22:01,416 --> 02:22:02,150 CHEMICALS USING NON-TARGETED 3300 02:22:02,150 --> 02:22:04,252 ASSAY. 3301 02:22:04,252 --> 02:22:08,857 AND THIS IS A SLIDE SHOWING HOW 3302 02:22:08,857 --> 02:22:11,926 WE THE BOXES ABLE REDUCE THE AIR 3303 02:22:11,926 --> 02:22:15,897 LEVEL OF SIX PFAS BY 28 TO 61%, 3304 02:22:15,897 --> 02:22:18,099 THIS SHOWS DENSITY PLOTS, VIOLIN 3305 02:22:18,099 --> 02:22:20,035 PLOTS OF THE CONCENTRATION IN 3306 02:22:20,035 --> 02:22:22,337 AIR OF SIX PFAS BEFORE THE 3307 02:22:22,337 --> 02:22:23,405 INTERVENTION, DURING 3308 02:22:23,405 --> 02:22:26,841 INTERVENTION, IN BLUE AND PINK, 3309 02:22:26,841 --> 02:22:29,010 EACH PAIR OF DOTS AND LINE IS A 3310 02:22:29,010 --> 02:22:30,979 ROOM, YOU CAN SEE HOW EACH 3311 02:22:30,979 --> 02:22:33,281 ROOM -- HOW LEVEL IN EACH ROOM 3312 02:22:33,281 --> 02:22:35,483 CHANGED BEFORE VERSUS DURING THE 3313 02:22:35,483 --> 02:22:36,551 INTERVENTION PERIOD. 3314 02:22:36,551 --> 02:22:39,954 AND THESE WERE SIX PFAS THAT 3315 02:22:39,954 --> 02:22:40,488 DECLINED. 3316 02:22:40,488 --> 02:22:41,923 IN MOST ROOMS THE LEVELS DID 3317 02:22:41,923 --> 02:22:45,226 DECLINE, IN ALL OF THEM. 3318 02:22:45,226 --> 02:22:50,899 SOME MAYBE INCREASED IN SOME 3319 02:22:50,899 --> 02:22:52,300 CASES LIKE PFBS, WE DON'T KNOW 3320 02:22:52,300 --> 02:22:54,936 WHY BUT WE SEE THERE WAS 3321 02:22:54,936 --> 02:22:58,340 DRAMATIC DECLINES IN MOST OF THE 3322 02:22:58,340 --> 02:23:00,408 ROOMS, SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS 3323 02:23:00,408 --> 02:23:00,742 OVERALL. 3324 02:23:00,742 --> 02:23:02,610 IN ADDITION WE DID A 3325 02:23:02,610 --> 02:23:03,712 NON-TARGETED ANALYSIS TO LOOK 3326 02:23:03,712 --> 02:23:06,981 AND SEE WHAT OTHER CHEMICALS DID 3327 02:23:06,981 --> 02:23:12,787 WE REDUCE IN THE PROCESS OF 3328 02:23:12,787 --> 02:23:14,556 RUNNING OF THE FILTERS, KATE 3329 02:23:14,556 --> 02:23:15,957 MANN FROM UNIVERSITY OF 3330 02:23:15,957 --> 02:23:18,593 MICHIGAN, THREE DIFFERENT MODES 3331 02:23:18,593 --> 02:23:21,096 FROM CHROMATOGRAPHY AND HIGH 3332 02:23:21,096 --> 02:23:23,732 RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3333 02:23:23,732 --> 02:23:25,800 SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN 17 3334 02:23:25,800 --> 02:23:36,144 OTHER FEATURES FROM 3335 02:23:36,478 --> 02:23:41,883 CHROMATOGRAMS. 3336 02:23:41,883 --> 02:23:51,192 BEFORE VERSUS DURING, WE SEE 3337 02:23:51,192 --> 02:23:54,562 SIGNIFICANT HITS IN GREEN IN 3338 02:23:54,562 --> 02:23:55,997 THAT VOLCANO PLOT. 3339 02:23:55,997 --> 02:24:00,168 WHEN WE CLASSIFY INTO CATEGORIES 3340 02:24:00,168 --> 02:24:05,840 WE FOUND REDUCTIONS IN 3341 02:24:05,840 --> 02:24:09,344 PLASTICIZERS, PTHALATES, PFAS, 3342 02:24:09,344 --> 02:24:12,947 PESTICIDES, HERBICIDES, 3343 02:24:12,947 --> 02:24:13,615 INSECTICIDES, FOOD CHEMICALS, 3344 02:24:13,615 --> 02:24:18,086 SOME COULD BE APPLIED IN INDOOR 3345 02:24:18,086 --> 02:24:22,357 OFFICE SPACES LIKE 3346 02:24:22,357 --> 02:24:24,225 ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES, 3347 02:24:24,225 --> 02:24:25,994 CONFIRMING SEVERAL PTHALATES 3348 02:24:25,994 --> 02:24:30,665 WERE REDUCED USING TARGETED 3349 02:24:30,665 --> 02:24:30,999 ANALYSIS. 3350 02:24:30,999 --> 02:24:32,534 IMPLICATIONS ARE QUITE PROFOUND 3351 02:24:32,534 --> 02:24:34,636 IN THAT WE WERE ABLE TO 3352 02:24:34,636 --> 02:24:36,004 EFFECTIVELY DECREASE EXPOSURE TO 3353 02:24:36,004 --> 02:24:37,906 MANY TOXIC COMPONENTS OF THE 3354 02:24:37,906 --> 02:24:38,206 EXPOSOME. 3355 02:24:38,206 --> 02:24:41,309 WE KNOW THAT AIR FILTRATION 3356 02:24:41,309 --> 02:24:42,143 REDUCES LEVELS RESPIRATORY 3357 02:24:42,143 --> 02:24:43,678 PATHOGENS AS WELL AS 3358 02:24:43,678 --> 02:24:45,346 PARTICULATES LIKE THOSE FROM 3359 02:24:45,346 --> 02:24:46,714 WILDFIRE SMOKE OR AMBIENT 3360 02:24:46,714 --> 02:24:49,050 SOURCES, AND THIS IS ADDING TO 3361 02:24:49,050 --> 02:24:51,119 EVIDENCE SHOWING THEY REDUCE 3362 02:24:51,119 --> 02:24:54,189 LEVELS OF INDOOR EXPOSURES TO 3363 02:24:54,189 --> 02:24:55,957 CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS, AN 3364 02:24:55,957 --> 02:24:56,691 AFFORDABLE, SCALABLE, 3365 02:24:56,691 --> 02:24:58,259 SUSTAINABLE INTERVENTION TO 3366 02:24:58,259 --> 02:25:01,095 IMPROVING INDOOR AIR QUALITY, 3367 02:25:01,095 --> 02:25:06,234 POTENTIALLY REDUCING EXPOSURE TO 3368 02:25:06,234 --> 02:25:08,336 MANY EDCsS, LIKE THE APPROACH, 3369 02:25:08,336 --> 02:25:12,574 THREE-FER OR FOUR-FER APPROACH, 3370 02:25:12,574 --> 02:25:13,541 WHATEVER NUMBER THAT WAS 3371 02:25:13,541 --> 02:25:16,945 MENTIONED EARLIER, AND FROM THE 3372 02:25:16,945 --> 02:25:21,015 SCALABLE SUSTAINABLE SAMPLING, 3373 02:25:21,015 --> 02:25:21,983 RELATIVE AAFFORDABLE, $50 TO 3374 02:25:21,983 --> 02:25:25,253 $100 TO PUT TOGETHER. 3375 02:25:25,253 --> 02:25:29,757 WE'VE HELD NUMEROUS BUILD-A-BOX 3376 02:25:29,757 --> 02:25:39,067 EVENTS TO BUILD AND DECORATE 3377 02:25:39,067 --> 02:25:41,936 THEM, AND MAKING MINI CORSI 3378 02:25:41,936 --> 02:25:44,205 ROSENTHAL BOXES WITH A COMPUTER 3379 02:25:44,205 --> 02:25:46,708 FAN ON THE TOP, FOR LESS THAN 3380 02:25:46,708 --> 02:25:50,778 $50 APIECE. 3381 02:25:50,778 --> 02:25:53,281 I WANT TO SWITCH GEARS AND TALK 3382 02:25:53,281 --> 02:25:55,350 QUICKLY ABOUT WORK LOOKING AT 3383 02:25:55,350 --> 02:25:58,219 LIFESTYLE FACTORS AS WELL AS A 3384 02:25:58,219 --> 02:26:01,923 WAY TO REDUCE POTENTIAL EFFECTS 3385 02:26:01,923 --> 02:26:05,560 OF PFAS EXPOSURE, WORK THAT WE 3386 02:26:05,560 --> 02:26:08,296 FOUND PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO PFAS 3387 02:26:08,296 --> 02:26:10,798 IS ASSOCIATED WITH 3388 02:26:10,798 --> 02:26:12,333 CARDIOMETABOLIC DISORDERS, RISK 3389 02:26:12,333 --> 02:26:13,401 IN ADOLESCENTS, INCREASED RISK 3390 02:26:13,401 --> 02:26:15,737 OF OBESITY AND THIS IS IN TWO 3391 02:26:15,737 --> 02:26:17,171 COHORTS WITH THE HOME STUDY ON 3392 02:26:17,171 --> 02:26:20,775 THE LEFT AND THIS ON THE RIGHT A 3393 02:26:20,775 --> 02:26:24,946 NATIONAL STUDY OF ALMOST 1400 3394 02:26:24,946 --> 02:26:28,182 CHILDREN FROM ECHO CONSORTIUM. 3395 02:26:28,182 --> 02:26:29,417 >> TWO MINUTES. 3396 02:26:29,417 --> 02:26:31,920 >> LOOKING AT WHAT INTERVENTIONS 3397 02:26:31,920 --> 02:26:33,888 MIGHT MITIGATE EFFECTS OF 3398 02:26:33,888 --> 02:26:36,190 PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO PFAS. 3399 02:26:36,190 --> 02:26:41,996 IN THE HOME STUDY WE WERE 3400 02:26:41,996 --> 02:26:46,167 ABLE -- CHILDREN WITH HIGHER 3401 02:26:46,167 --> 02:26:51,205 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HAD CAM PENNED 3402 02:26:51,205 --> 02:26:52,106 ASSOCIATIONS WITH 3403 02:26:52,106 --> 02:26:53,942 CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK 12 YEARS 3404 02:26:53,942 --> 02:26:57,679 LATER SHOWING BETA COEFFICIENTS 3405 02:26:57,679 --> 02:27:00,181 FOR ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PFOA 3406 02:27:00,181 --> 02:27:01,916 AND PREGNANCY AND AT AGE 12, 3407 02:27:01,916 --> 02:27:03,151 AMONG CHILDREN IN HIGHER 3408 02:27:03,151 --> 02:27:04,886 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GROUP THERE 3409 02:27:04,886 --> 02:27:06,854 WAS NO ASSOCIATION, BUT AMONG 3410 02:27:06,854 --> 02:27:08,156 CHILDREN IN LOWER PHYSICAL 3411 02:27:08,156 --> 02:27:12,760 ACTIVITY GROUP MEASURED AT AGE 3412 02:27:12,760 --> 02:27:16,731 12 MORE RISK WITH INCREASING 3413 02:27:16,731 --> 02:27:17,999 PFAS CONCENTRATIONS IN 3414 02:27:17,999 --> 02:27:18,266 PREGNANCY. 3415 02:27:18,266 --> 02:27:21,436 WE MAY BE ABLE TO MITIGATE 3416 02:27:21,436 --> 02:27:23,071 EFFECTS WITH SOMETHING LIKE 3417 02:27:23,071 --> 02:27:23,938 EXERCISE. 3418 02:27:23,938 --> 02:27:26,574 THIS MATCHES WORK DONE BY 3419 02:27:26,574 --> 02:27:29,410 CARDENAS AND GROUP IN ADULTS 3420 02:27:29,410 --> 02:27:31,479 FROM DIABETES PREVENTION 3421 02:27:31,479 --> 02:27:34,115 PROGRAM, WHERE THESE ADULTS WERE 3422 02:27:34,115 --> 02:27:35,883 RANDOMIZED TO TWO INTERVENTIONS, 3423 02:27:35,883 --> 02:27:38,920 ONE BEING LIFESTYLE, ONE BEING 3424 02:27:38,920 --> 02:27:41,356 PLACEBO, FOUND ASSOCIATION 3425 02:27:41,356 --> 02:27:43,057 BETWEEN ADULTHOOD PFOA AND RISK 3426 02:27:43,057 --> 02:27:49,297 OF TYPE 2 DIABETES WAS TAM 3427 02:27:49,297 --> 02:27:51,833 DAMPENED 3428 02:27:51,833 --> 02:27:54,569 WITH LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION 3429 02:27:54,569 --> 02:27:55,903 SUGGESTING ADULTHOOD PHYSICAL 3430 02:27:55,903 --> 02:27:57,071 ACTIVITY AND DIETARY MITIGATION 3431 02:27:57,071 --> 02:28:01,242 MAY BE ABLE TO REDUCE EFFECT OF 3432 02:28:01,242 --> 02:28:03,878 PFOA EXPOSURE ON RISK OF 3433 02:28:03,878 --> 02:28:04,145 DIABETES. 3434 02:28:04,145 --> 02:28:06,180 THE NEXT TWO, TALKING ABOUT WHAT 3435 02:28:06,180 --> 02:28:08,383 WE SHOULD BE DOING IN TERMS OF 3436 02:28:08,383 --> 02:28:10,551 THINKING ABOUT GOING FORWARD 3437 02:28:10,551 --> 02:28:14,055 WITH PFAS, SHORT TERM 3438 02:28:14,055 --> 02:28:14,656 EVIDENCE-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS 3439 02:28:14,656 --> 02:28:17,458 AND CRAFTING THOSE, FUNDING FOR 3440 02:28:17,458 --> 02:28:18,226 INTERVENTIONS, SPECIFICALLY 3441 02:28:18,226 --> 02:28:18,860 AROUND ENVIRONMENTAL 3442 02:28:18,860 --> 02:28:21,262 INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE EXPOSURE 3443 02:28:21,262 --> 02:28:24,432 AND HOW WE MIGHT USE THOSE TO 3444 02:28:24,432 --> 02:28:27,301 REDUCE BODY BURDEN, PREVENT 3445 02:28:27,301 --> 02:28:27,568 EXPOSURE. 3446 02:28:27,568 --> 02:28:28,636 MEDIUM TERM LIKE INDUSTRY 3447 02:28:28,636 --> 02:28:30,705 CHANGES TO STOP USING PFAS, 3448 02:28:30,705 --> 02:28:32,473 REGULATING THE CLASS RATHER THAN 3449 02:28:32,473 --> 02:28:35,009 ONE AT A TIME. 3450 02:28:35,009 --> 02:28:38,479 AND LONG TERM SEEING WE NOW HAVE 3451 02:28:38,479 --> 02:28:42,550 DRINKING WATER STANDARDS, EPA 3452 02:28:42,550 --> 02:28:44,519 SET MINIMUM CONTAMINATION 3453 02:28:44,519 --> 02:28:45,887 LEVELS, ADDRESSING CONTAMINATION 3454 02:28:45,887 --> 02:28:47,588 AT 700 DoD SITES AND 3455 02:28:47,588 --> 02:28:49,791 CONTAMINATION IN FOOD AND 3456 02:28:49,791 --> 02:28:51,759 ELIMINATING NON-ESSENTIAL USES 3457 02:28:51,759 --> 02:28:52,627 OF PFAS. 3458 02:28:52,627 --> 02:29:01,369 SO I'LL STOP HERE WITH THE NEXT 3459 02:29:01,369 --> 02:29:02,303 STEPS, MULTI-MODAL 3460 02:29:02,303 --> 02:29:06,507 INTERVENTIONS, TWO-FER, 3461 02:29:06,507 --> 02:29:08,042 THREE-FER, FOUR-FER, TO PREVENT 3462 02:29:08,042 --> 02:29:10,545 HEALTH EFFECTS IN COMMUNITIES 3463 02:29:10,545 --> 02:29:11,746 WITH HISTORICAL EXPOSURE, MAKING 3464 02:29:11,746 --> 02:29:12,513 RECOMMENDATIONS ARE THINGS WE 3465 02:29:12,513 --> 02:29:13,748 NEED TO GIVE COMMUNITY GROUPS TO 3466 02:29:13,748 --> 02:29:16,250 SAY THESE ARE THE THINGS WE CAN 3467 02:29:16,250 --> 02:29:18,886 DO TO PREVENT EXPOSURE, REDUCE 3468 02:29:18,886 --> 02:29:21,723 EXPOSURE, REDUCE BODY BURDEN AND 3469 02:29:21,723 --> 02:29:23,157 MITIGATE HEALTH EFFECTS. 3470 02:29:23,157 --> 02:29:24,659 I'LL ACKNOWLEDGE THE COLLEAGUES 3471 02:29:24,659 --> 02:29:28,162 PART OF THIS WORK SINCE THE 3472 02:29:28,162 --> 02:29:28,730 BEGINNING, FUNDING FROM THE 3473 02:29:28,730 --> 02:29:30,131 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 3474 02:29:30,131 --> 02:29:35,937 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES. 3475 02:29:35,937 --> 02:29:37,772 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 3476 02:29:37,772 --> 02:29:43,711 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, DR. 3477 02:29:43,711 --> 02:29:45,313 BRAUN. 3478 02:29:45,313 --> 02:29:47,215 I'LL ASK DR. PETRIELLO TO COME 3479 02:29:47,215 --> 02:29:49,917 TO THE PODIUM. 3480 02:29:49,917 --> 02:29:55,957 3481 02:29:55,957 --> 02:30:03,898 3482 02:30:03,898 --> 02:30:04,532 >> THANK YOU. 3483 02:30:04,532 --> 02:30:08,336 THIS IS AN AMAZING WORKSHOP SO 3484 02:30:08,336 --> 02:30:08,569 FAR. 3485 02:30:08,569 --> 02:30:12,707 EVERYONE IS BUILDING ON EACH 3486 02:30:12,707 --> 02:30:14,909 OTHER. 3487 02:30:14,909 --> 02:30:20,615 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT HOLISTIC 3488 02:30:20,615 --> 02:30:22,250 BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS, TO 3489 02:30:22,250 --> 02:30:23,351 DECREASE CIRCULATING PFAS. 3490 02:30:23,351 --> 02:30:24,786 WE ACKNOWLEDGE THE FUNDING. 3491 02:30:24,786 --> 02:30:26,320 I'LL PRESENT A COLLABORATION 3492 02:30:26,320 --> 02:30:27,088 BETWEEN UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY 3493 02:30:27,088 --> 02:30:32,226 AND WHERE I AM NOW, WAYNE STATE, 3494 02:30:32,226 --> 02:30:33,361 OUR P30 CENTERS. 3495 02:30:33,361 --> 02:30:35,496 TODAY I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT 3496 02:30:35,496 --> 02:30:37,799 BIOBEHAVIORAL STUDY IN HUMANS AT 3497 02:30:37,799 --> 02:30:39,333 RISK FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, 3498 02:30:39,333 --> 02:30:40,168 BACKGROUND ON CARDIOVASCULAR 3499 02:30:40,168 --> 02:30:42,069 DISEASE AND HOW THINGS CHANGED 3500 02:30:42,069 --> 02:30:42,737 OVER TIME. 3501 02:30:42,737 --> 02:30:47,208 BUT REALLY TALK ABOUT A PAPER WE 3502 02:30:47,208 --> 02:30:50,945 PUBLISHED ON HOLISTIC IDEA OF 3503 02:30:50,945 --> 02:30:52,680 INVOLVING EXERCISE, DIET, STRESS 3504 02:30:52,680 --> 02:30:54,649 REDUCTION, THESE THINGS WE KNOW 3505 02:30:54,649 --> 02:30:56,684 IMPACT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND 3506 02:30:56,684 --> 02:30:59,821 ADDING ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT 3507 02:30:59,821 --> 02:31:00,688 TO IT. 3508 02:31:00,688 --> 02:31:01,989 SO YES, THIS WORKS. 3509 02:31:01,989 --> 02:31:04,058 ONE THING I LIKE TO TALK ABOUT 3510 02:31:04,058 --> 02:31:05,059 RELATED TO CARDIOVASCULAR 3511 02:31:05,059 --> 02:31:07,929 DISEASE IS THE SHIFT OF WHERE WE 3512 02:31:07,929 --> 02:31:10,665 SEE MORTALITY OVER TIME. 3513 02:31:10,665 --> 02:31:12,300 YOU CAN SEE THINGS ARE SHIFTING 3514 02:31:12,300 --> 02:31:15,636 FROM THE BIG CITIES IN THE 3515 02:31:15,636 --> 02:31:16,470 NORTHEAST, BOSTON, PHILADELPHIA, 3516 02:31:16,470 --> 02:31:18,706 NEW YORK CITY, TO MORE OF THE 3517 02:31:18,706 --> 02:31:20,508 RURAL AREAS, ESPECIALLY IN THE 3518 02:31:20,508 --> 02:31:20,908 SOUTH. 3519 02:31:20,908 --> 02:31:23,144 YOU CAN SEE SOME THINGS THAT 3520 02:31:23,144 --> 02:31:25,646 SOME PLACES THAT NEVER CHANGE. 3521 02:31:25,646 --> 02:31:27,515 SO CAN WE LEARN ABOUT 3522 02:31:27,515 --> 02:31:29,483 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND RISK 3523 02:31:29,483 --> 02:31:30,885 FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR 3524 02:31:30,885 --> 02:31:34,522 DISEASE LOOKING AT THESE SHIFTS? 3525 02:31:34,522 --> 02:31:35,623 ARE THERE ENVIRONMENTAL THINGS 3526 02:31:35,623 --> 02:31:37,258 THAT CHANGED OVER TIME, 3527 02:31:37,258 --> 02:31:38,025 ENVIRONMENTAL THINGS THAT STAYED 3528 02:31:38,025 --> 02:31:40,995 THE SAME IN SOME PLACES? 3529 02:31:40,995 --> 02:31:44,065 I THINK THESE TYPE OF CHANGE 3530 02:31:44,065 --> 02:31:45,900 OVER TIME GRAPHS CAN BE 3531 02:31:45,900 --> 02:31:48,636 INFORMATIVE TO US. 3532 02:31:48,636 --> 02:31:50,371 AND SO I'M A CARDIOVASCULAR 3533 02:31:50,371 --> 02:31:51,706 TOXICOLOGIST, WHAT I DO IN THE 3534 02:31:51,706 --> 02:31:53,975 LAB WHEN NOT DOING HUMAN STUFF 3535 02:31:53,975 --> 02:31:55,843 WE'LL TALK ABOUT TODAY IS LOOK 3536 02:31:55,843 --> 02:31:58,145 AT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS AND 3537 02:31:58,145 --> 02:32:01,415 HOW THEY CAN INCREASE 3538 02:32:01,415 --> 02:32:02,516 ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CARDIOMETABOLIC 3539 02:32:02,516 --> 02:32:02,783 DISEASES. 3540 02:32:02,783 --> 02:32:04,051 WE LOOK AT BIOMARKERS OF 3541 02:32:04,051 --> 02:32:04,719 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. 3542 02:32:04,719 --> 02:32:07,121 THESE ARE ALL THE MAIN THINGS 3543 02:32:07,121 --> 02:32:10,057 YOU WOULD GET CHECKED OUT BY 3544 02:32:10,057 --> 02:32:12,793 YOUR CARDIOLOGIST, TOTAL 3545 02:32:12,793 --> 02:32:15,229 CHOLESTEROL, LDL, HDL, 3546 02:32:15,229 --> 02:32:16,864 TRIGLYCERIDES, THERE'S OTHER 3547 02:32:16,864 --> 02:32:19,500 THINGS LIKE PROTEINS THAT CAN 3548 02:32:19,500 --> 02:32:27,008 BIND LIPID MOIETIES LIKE 3549 02:32:27,008 --> 02:32:32,480 ALIPIDS. 3550 02:32:32,480 --> 02:32:37,618 THERE'S DRUGS NOW ACTIVELY 3551 02:32:37,618 --> 02:32:39,253 ANTAGONIZING THIS INFLAMMATION. 3552 02:32:39,253 --> 02:32:40,688 AND THERE'S EMERGING BIOMARKERS 3553 02:32:40,688 --> 02:32:43,424 WE CAN STUDY IN THE LAB AS WELL 3554 02:32:43,424 --> 02:32:52,533 SUCH AS TMAO FROM DIET. 3555 02:32:52,533 --> 02:32:56,137 I WILL TALK ABOUT PFOS, NEAR AND 3556 02:32:56,137 --> 02:32:57,872 DEAR TO MY HEART IN MICHIGAN, 3557 02:32:57,872 --> 02:33:01,175 BUT A GLOBAL ISSUE FOR SURE. 3558 02:33:01,175 --> 02:33:03,377 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT MISSION 3559 02:33:03,377 --> 02:33:12,553 THYRSE, YELL -- 3560 02:33:12,553 --> 02:33:12,820 MIXTURES. 3561 02:33:12,820 --> 02:33:14,855 WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT MIXTURE 3562 02:33:14,855 --> 02:33:16,390 OF PFOS, NOT NECESSARILY ONE AT 3563 02:33:16,390 --> 02:33:17,358 A TIME. 3564 02:33:17,358 --> 02:33:20,328 HERE ARE DIFFERENT WAYS TO 3565 02:33:20,328 --> 02:33:22,530 CLASSIFY PFOS, SO THERE'S MANY 3566 02:33:22,530 --> 02:33:23,164 WAYS. 3567 02:33:23,164 --> 02:33:25,066 ONE OF THE EASIER WAYS TO LOOK 3568 02:33:25,066 --> 02:33:30,304 AT WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN USED, 3569 02:33:30,304 --> 02:33:35,676 LEGACY POLLUTANTS LIKE CARBOXYL 3570 02:33:35,676 --> 02:33:36,677 OR SULPHONIC, ALTERNATIVES, THEY 3571 02:33:36,677 --> 02:33:40,181 ALSO SEEM TO BE QUITE BAD. 3572 02:33:40,181 --> 02:33:44,919 AND EMERGING POLLUTANTS SUCH AS 3573 02:33:44,919 --> 02:33:50,658 GEN X AND ALL OF THESE ARE IN 3574 02:33:50,658 --> 02:33:52,093 MIXTURES IN THE ENVIRONMENT. 3575 02:33:52,093 --> 02:33:57,665 WE HEARD ABOUT PTHALATES AND 3576 02:33:57,665 --> 02:33:58,566 PLASTICIZERS, LONG HALF-LIFE 3577 02:33:58,566 --> 02:34:00,634 COMPOUNDS ARE IN OUR BLOOD AT 3578 02:34:00,634 --> 02:34:02,269 MUCH HIGHER LEVELS THAN OTHER 3579 02:34:02,269 --> 02:34:02,837 COMPOUNDS. 3580 02:34:02,837 --> 02:34:04,238 DOESN'T MEAN WE SHOULDN'T FOCUS 3581 02:34:04,238 --> 02:34:06,207 ON PTHALATES BUT RIGHT NOW THIS 3582 02:34:06,207 --> 02:34:07,742 IS A REALLY CRITICAL POLLUTANT 3583 02:34:07,742 --> 02:34:13,314 WE NEED TO BE STUDYING. 3584 02:34:13,314 --> 02:34:16,617 THERE WAS A WORKSHOP ABOUT 3585 02:34:16,617 --> 02:34:17,485 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND PFOS, 3586 02:34:17,485 --> 02:34:19,687 THEY WROTE A NICE PAPER THAT 3587 02:34:19,687 --> 02:34:21,222 CAME OUT. 3588 02:34:21,222 --> 02:34:22,957 YOU'RE LOOKING AT NHANES, 3589 02:34:22,957 --> 02:34:26,660 BACKGROUND LEVELS ON THE LEFT 3590 02:34:26,660 --> 02:34:29,797 PFOA, ON THE LEFT PFOS, LOWEST 3591 02:34:29,797 --> 02:34:33,167 VERSUS HIGHEST EXPOSURE, WITH 3592 02:34:33,167 --> 02:34:34,935 THE BLUE VERSUS RED BELL CURVES, 3593 02:34:34,935 --> 02:34:36,904 YOU CAN SEE WHETHER WE'RE 3594 02:34:36,904 --> 02:34:39,407 LOOKING AT PFOA OR PFOS, IF YOU 3595 02:34:39,407 --> 02:34:41,375 HAVE HIGHER LEFTS OF PFOS IT'S 3596 02:34:41,375 --> 02:34:44,645 SHIFTING BELL CURVE TO THE 3597 02:34:44,645 --> 02:34:44,979 RIGHT. 3598 02:34:44,979 --> 02:34:49,917 AND YOU MIGHT SAY IT'S GOING TO 3599 02:34:49,917 --> 02:34:56,223 SHIFT AMONG 20 MGS, IT'S A BIG 3600 02:34:56,223 --> 02:34:56,690 DEAL. 3601 02:34:56,690 --> 02:34:59,226 HOW MANY MORE MILLIONS WILL BE 3602 02:34:59,226 --> 02:35:00,761 PUT ON A STATIN. 3603 02:35:00,761 --> 02:35:02,563 THIS MIGHT SEEM LIKE A SMALL 3604 02:35:02,563 --> 02:35:04,331 POINT AT THE SINGULAR PERSON 3605 02:35:04,331 --> 02:35:06,100 LEVEL BUT AT POPULATION LEVEL 3606 02:35:06,100 --> 02:35:09,103 THESE SHIFTS OR BELL CURVES ARE 3607 02:35:09,103 --> 02:35:10,237 REALLY IMPORTANT. 3608 02:35:10,237 --> 02:35:13,541 AND SO OTHER THAN THE IMMUNE 3609 02:35:13,541 --> 02:35:14,575 FUNCTION RELATED TO PFOS 3610 02:35:14,575 --> 02:35:20,448 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IS THE 3611 02:35:20,448 --> 02:35:22,216 MOST REPRODUCIBLE EFFECT. 3612 02:35:22,216 --> 02:35:23,484 WHEN STILL AT KENTUCKY WE WERE 3613 02:35:23,484 --> 02:35:26,454 BROUGHT UP IN THE IDEA OF 3614 02:35:26,454 --> 02:35:28,756 LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION, THEY HAD 3615 02:35:28,756 --> 02:35:31,492 A SUPERFUND PROGRAM ON THIS, 3616 02:35:31,492 --> 02:35:33,561 MOSTLY PRE-CLINICAL WORK, ALSO 3617 02:35:33,561 --> 02:35:35,196 CEC ENGAGEMENT IDEAS. 3618 02:35:35,196 --> 02:35:36,330 WE WERE THERE, TRYING TO THINK 3619 02:35:36,330 --> 02:35:38,966 HOW CAN WE TAKE THIS FROM THE 3620 02:35:38,966 --> 02:35:41,035 MICE AND CELL CULTURE AND LOOK 3621 02:35:41,035 --> 02:35:44,105 AT THIS TYPE OF INTERVENTION AND 3622 02:35:44,105 --> 02:35:46,574 LIKE A HUMAN COMPONENT. 3623 02:35:46,574 --> 02:35:49,210 WE WERE FORTUNATE TO HAVE DR. 3624 02:35:49,210 --> 02:35:52,413 MOSER THERE, DOING THESE 3625 02:35:52,413 --> 02:35:53,080 BIOBEHAVIORAL STUDIES, SHE'S 3626 02:35:53,080 --> 02:35:54,615 PART OF THE NURSING DEPARTMENT 3627 02:35:54,615 --> 02:35:57,918 THERE AND DEVELOPED THIS 3628 02:35:57,918 --> 02:35:58,986 INTERVENTION, HEARTHEALTH 3629 02:35:58,986 --> 02:35:59,753 INTERVENTION, SUBSEQUENT 3630 02:35:59,753 --> 02:36:03,157 VERSIONS, WHERE THEY DID A 3631 02:36:03,157 --> 02:36:03,924 HOLISTIC BIOBEHAVIORAL STUDY, 3632 02:36:03,924 --> 02:36:10,164 WE'LL GO INTO THE METHODS, 3633 02:36:10,164 --> 02:36:12,133 ACROSS KENTUCKY, THEIR ARE THE 3634 02:36:12,133 --> 02:36:13,667 THREE SITES. 3635 02:36:13,667 --> 02:36:15,736 YOU CAN SEE DEMOGRAPHICS OVER 3636 02:36:15,736 --> 02:36:16,604 HERE. 3637 02:36:16,604 --> 02:36:19,473 WE'RE NOW IN THE 50-YEAR-OLD, SO 3638 02:36:19,473 --> 02:36:21,108 ANOTHER GOOD REASON FOR THIS 3639 02:36:21,108 --> 02:36:22,743 WORKSHOP WE'RE GOING OLDER AS WE 3640 02:36:22,743 --> 02:36:24,111 GO THROUGH. 3641 02:36:24,111 --> 02:36:25,846 YOU CAN SEE MOSTLY FEMALE. 3642 02:36:25,846 --> 02:36:32,086 IF YOU KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT 3643 02:36:32,086 --> 02:36:33,587 KENTUCKY, PRETTY MUCH 100% 3644 02:36:33,587 --> 02:36:35,556 CAUCASIAN, WHEN THEY ARE BORN 3645 02:36:35,556 --> 02:36:38,192 THEY LIFT IN THE SAME COUNTY THE 3646 02:36:38,192 --> 02:36:40,828 REST OF THEIR LIFE PRETTY MUCH. 3647 02:36:40,828 --> 02:36:44,398 YOU CAN SEE IT'S MOST PEOPLE 3648 02:36:44,398 --> 02:36:45,533 WERE NEVER SMOKERS. 3649 02:36:45,533 --> 02:36:47,735 DEB FINISHED THIS STUDY. 3650 02:36:47,735 --> 02:36:49,803 I'LL SHOW DATA IN THE NEXT 3651 02:36:49,803 --> 02:36:50,471 SLIDE. 3652 02:36:50,471 --> 02:36:51,138 IT WORKED. 3653 02:36:51,138 --> 02:36:56,577 IT WAS VERY EFFECTIVE AT LOWER 3654 02:36:56,577 --> 02:36:57,278 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK. 3655 02:36:57,278 --> 02:36:58,479 HAVE YOU THOUGHT ABOUT 3656 02:36:58,479 --> 02:37:02,550 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONE -- 3657 02:37:02,550 --> 02:37:02,850 COMPONENT? 3658 02:37:02,850 --> 02:37:06,320 CAN WE LOOK AT YOUR SERUM AT 3659 02:37:06,320 --> 02:37:07,221 COMPONENTS PRE AND POST. 3660 02:37:07,221 --> 02:37:08,322 SHE SAID YES. 3661 02:37:08,322 --> 02:37:09,990 THAT'S THE PAPER THAT I'LL TALK 3662 02:37:09,990 --> 02:37:10,524 ABOUT NOW. 3663 02:37:10,524 --> 02:37:12,159 IT'S RIGHT HERE IF YOU WANT TO 3664 02:37:12,159 --> 02:37:14,562 CHECK IT OUT. 3665 02:37:14,562 --> 02:37:19,500 MY MED STUDENT STEPHANIE MORGAN 3666 02:37:19,500 --> 02:37:25,739 IS FIRST AUTHOR. 3667 02:37:25,739 --> 02:37:29,643 SAMPLE OF 719 ADULTS, RISK 3668 02:37:29,643 --> 02:37:30,978 FACTORS, 78% OBESE, OVERWEIGHT, 3669 02:37:30,978 --> 02:37:33,380 ALREADY HAD TWO OR MORE 3670 02:37:33,380 --> 02:37:34,815 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS, 3671 02:37:34,815 --> 02:37:36,383 PROBABLY HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, 3672 02:37:36,383 --> 02:37:37,351 HIGH LIPIDS. 3673 02:37:37,351 --> 02:37:41,722 WHAT THEY DID WAS A 12-WEEK 3674 02:37:41,722 --> 02:37:43,490 HEART-HEALTH INTERVENTION, USING 3675 02:37:43,490 --> 02:37:45,125 STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE DIET, 3676 02:37:45,125 --> 02:37:46,460 DECREASE STRESS, INCREASE 3677 02:37:46,460 --> 02:37:47,761 EXERCISE AMONG MANY OTHER 3678 02:37:47,761 --> 02:37:48,529 THINGS. 3679 02:37:48,529 --> 02:37:50,497 AND WE HEARD ABOUT THESE HEALTHY 3680 02:37:50,497 --> 02:37:52,466 EATING INDEXES, THAT WAS A MAIN 3681 02:37:52,466 --> 02:37:54,868 ENDPOINT AS WELL. 3682 02:37:54,868 --> 02:37:59,807 WHAT THEY SAW, THEY SAW THIS 3683 02:37:59,807 --> 02:38:00,808 INTERVENTION INCREASED THEIR 3684 02:38:00,808 --> 02:38:03,978 HEALTHY EATING INDEX BY 8%, AND 3685 02:38:03,978 --> 02:38:06,714 IF YOU DIAL DOWN WHAT WAS 3686 02:38:06,714 --> 02:38:09,250 CHANGED, SO THEY HAD HIGHER 3687 02:38:09,250 --> 02:38:13,954 TOTAL FRUIT, WHOLE FRUIT, TOTAL 3688 02:38:13,954 --> 02:38:16,690 VEGETABLES, LEGUMES, ORANGE AND 3689 02:38:16,690 --> 02:38:19,093 GREEN VEGETABLES, WHOLE GRAIN, 3690 02:38:19,093 --> 02:38:20,961 MILK INCREASED, HEALTHY INDEX 3691 02:38:20,961 --> 02:38:22,696 BUT WITHIN THAT DIFFERENT 3692 02:38:22,696 --> 02:38:25,666 INDEXES, TEASING OUT WHAT 3693 02:38:25,666 --> 02:38:26,567 CHANGED. 3694 02:38:26,567 --> 02:38:28,302 IMPORTANTLY THIS INTERVENTION 3695 02:38:28,302 --> 02:38:31,071 DECREASED SATURATED FAT CALORIES 3696 02:38:31,071 --> 02:38:33,040 FROM SOLID FATS, ALCOHOL, SUGAR. 3697 02:38:33,040 --> 02:38:36,076 SO ACROSS THE BOARD SEEMED TO 3698 02:38:36,076 --> 02:38:36,844 INCREASE THEIR DIET. 3699 02:38:36,844 --> 02:38:41,448 AND OF COURSE IMPORTANT FOR THE 3700 02:38:41,448 --> 02:38:42,549 CARDIOVASCULAR ENDPOINTS TOTAL 3701 02:38:42,549 --> 02:38:45,519 CHOLESTEROL, BLOOD PRESSURES, 3702 02:38:45,519 --> 02:38:47,054 AND HEMOGLOBIN A1c DECREASED 3703 02:38:47,054 --> 02:38:48,789 SIGNIFICANTLY IN THIS 3704 02:38:48,789 --> 02:38:49,223 INTERVENTION. 3705 02:38:49,223 --> 02:38:53,961 AGAIN, HOW CAN WE COME INTO 3706 02:38:53,961 --> 02:38:54,395 PLAY? 3707 02:38:54,395 --> 02:38:55,596 MAYBE MEASURE PFOS COMPOUNDS? 3708 02:38:55,596 --> 02:38:58,132 SO THE DEVIL IS IN THE DETAILS. 3709 02:38:58,132 --> 02:39:01,035 I WANTED TO GIVE MORE ABOUT THE 3710 02:39:01,035 --> 02:39:01,935 BIOBEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION AND 3711 02:39:01,935 --> 02:39:05,439 ALL OF THIS IS INSIDE THE 3712 02:39:05,439 --> 02:39:06,974 PUBLICATION AS WELL. 3713 02:39:06,974 --> 02:39:09,276 BUT THIS WAS DEFINITELY A SMALL 3714 02:39:09,276 --> 02:39:11,145 GROUP, SO 10 OR FEWER PEOPLE AT 3715 02:39:11,145 --> 02:39:12,546 THE TIME, THEY HAD TRAINED 3716 02:39:12,546 --> 02:39:13,647 INDIVIDUALS BY THE NURSING 3717 02:39:13,647 --> 02:39:16,917 FACULTY THAT WENT INTO THE 3718 02:39:16,917 --> 02:39:18,819 COMMUNITY, VERY BIDIRECTIONAL 3719 02:39:18,819 --> 02:39:19,520 IDEA. 3720 02:39:19,520 --> 02:39:20,854 12 BIWEEKLY GROUP SESSIONS. 3721 02:39:20,854 --> 02:39:22,856 YOU CAN READ THE DIFFERENT 3722 02:39:22,856 --> 02:39:23,624 THINGS THEY TALKED ABOUT. 3723 02:39:23,624 --> 02:39:26,060 BUT THIS IDEA OF NOT JUST 3724 02:39:26,060 --> 02:39:29,763 FOCUSING ON ONE RISK FACTOR BUT 3725 02:39:29,763 --> 02:39:30,564 MULTIPLE RISK FACTORS. 3726 02:39:30,564 --> 02:39:34,468 AND SO WHAT WE DID, WE MEASURED 3727 02:39:34,468 --> 02:39:36,870 PFOS IN THIS COMMUNITY, THESE 3728 02:39:36,870 --> 02:39:41,909 PARTICIPANTS PRE AND POST. 3729 02:39:41,909 --> 02:39:46,180 THIS WAS MY MENTOR, WE'VE 3730 02:39:46,180 --> 02:39:47,247 MEASURED PFOS WITH OTHER 3731 02:39:47,247 --> 02:39:48,248 COMMUNITIES AS WELL. 3732 02:39:48,248 --> 02:39:51,885 JUST TO SHOW THERE ARE HOT SPOTS 3733 02:39:51,885 --> 02:39:57,891 FOR PFOS IN KENTUCKY, 3734 02:39:57,891 --> 02:39:58,192 INTERESTING. 3735 02:39:58,192 --> 02:39:59,860 PFNA, PFHxS, ONE HOT SPOT NEXT 3736 02:39:59,860 --> 02:40:01,962 TO A MILITARY BASE, MAYBE NOT 3737 02:40:01,962 --> 02:40:04,231 INTERESTING BUT MAYBE YOU CAN 3738 02:40:04,231 --> 02:40:07,101 EXPECT THAT. 3739 02:40:07,101 --> 02:40:10,170 AND SO THERE'S REGIONAL 3740 02:40:10,170 --> 02:40:10,771 DIFFERENCES WHICH WAS 3741 02:40:10,771 --> 02:40:12,239 INTERESTING, THIS IS THE MOST 3742 02:40:12,239 --> 02:40:13,073 IMPORTANT TABLE. 3743 02:40:13,073 --> 02:40:18,379 AND SO WHAT WE SHOW IS ALONG 3744 02:40:18,379 --> 02:40:18,846 WITH TOTAL CHOLESTEROL 3745 02:40:18,846 --> 02:40:22,316 DECREASED, PRE AND POST 3746 02:40:22,316 --> 02:40:23,283 INTERVENTION, ATHEROGENIC LDL 3747 02:40:23,283 --> 02:40:25,252 CHOLESTEROL PRE AND POST, WE SEE 3748 02:40:25,252 --> 02:40:26,687 MULTIPLE PFOS ALSO DECREASED. 3749 02:40:26,687 --> 02:40:29,089 A SHORT TIME FRAME. 3750 02:40:29,089 --> 02:40:33,994 WE SEE PFOS, WE SEE PFOA, 3751 02:40:33,994 --> 02:40:36,063 PFHxS AND SOME SHORTER CHAIN 3752 02:40:36,063 --> 02:40:36,530 AS WELL. 3753 02:40:36,530 --> 02:40:38,832 AND SO THIS WAS VERY EXCITING 3754 02:40:38,832 --> 02:40:40,067 FOR US. 3755 02:40:40,067 --> 02:40:42,202 A HUMAN -- WE'RE NOT GIVING 3756 02:40:42,202 --> 02:40:43,871 THESE PEOPLE STATINS OR 3757 02:40:43,871 --> 02:40:45,806 PHARMACOLOGICAL THINGS. 3758 02:40:45,806 --> 02:40:48,342 WE'RE CHANGING BEHAVIOR AND 3759 02:40:48,342 --> 02:40:49,109 LOWER PFOS. 3760 02:40:49,109 --> 02:40:50,711 ALONG WITH CHOLESTEROL WE'RE 3761 02:40:50,711 --> 02:40:51,612 SEEING PFOS. 3762 02:40:51,612 --> 02:40:54,148 THIS IS THE ONLY MODEL THAT I'M 3763 02:40:54,148 --> 02:40:55,449 GOING TO SHOW, THERE'S A LOT OF 3764 02:40:55,449 --> 02:40:57,985 MODELS IN THE ACTUAL PAPER, BUT 3765 02:40:57,985 --> 02:40:59,386 I THINK IT'S INTERESTING. 3766 02:40:59,386 --> 02:41:03,223 SO WHAT WE DID IS GROUPED PEOPLE 3767 02:41:03,223 --> 02:41:04,458 BY RESPONDERS, NON-RESPONDERS, 3768 02:41:04,458 --> 02:41:06,093 LOOKED AT MEDIAN TOTAL 3769 02:41:06,093 --> 02:41:08,495 CHOLESTEROL, PUT THEM IN TWO 3770 02:41:08,495 --> 02:41:08,829 BINS. 3771 02:41:08,829 --> 02:41:12,199 INTERESTINGLY, WE ONLY SAW A 3772 02:41:12,199 --> 02:41:13,734 SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH 3773 02:41:13,734 --> 02:41:16,270 PFOS AND TOTAL CHOLESTEROL IN 3774 02:41:16,270 --> 02:41:17,704 THE RESPONDERS GROUP. 3775 02:41:17,704 --> 02:41:20,441 SO THE MORE THAT YOU LOST, YOU 3776 02:41:20,441 --> 02:41:24,144 HAD A STRONGER ASSOCIATION WITH 3777 02:41:24,144 --> 02:41:24,478 CHOLESTEROL. 3778 02:41:24,478 --> 02:41:25,579 WHICH COUNTERINTUITIVE OR ARE WE 3779 02:41:25,579 --> 02:41:27,414 SAYING IF YOU LOWER YOUR 3780 02:41:27,414 --> 02:41:29,049 CHOLESTEROL IT'S BAD FOR YOU, 3781 02:41:29,049 --> 02:41:30,717 NO, WE THINK THERE'S SOME REALLY 3782 02:41:30,717 --> 02:41:31,785 INTERESTING THINGS WE NEED TO 3783 02:41:31,785 --> 02:41:33,987 THINK ABOUT ABOUT THE KINETICS 3784 02:41:33,987 --> 02:41:36,523 OF PFOS HERE, AND THIS IS ALL IN 3785 02:41:36,523 --> 02:41:39,460 THE MANUSCRIPT WE WON'T GET 3786 02:41:39,460 --> 02:41:39,760 INTO. 3787 02:41:39,760 --> 02:41:41,195 SINCE DIET WAS AN IMPORTANT PART 3788 02:41:41,195 --> 02:41:42,863 OF THE PREVIOUS TALK, HERE IS 3789 02:41:42,863 --> 02:41:44,665 SOME OF THE ACTUAL SCORES FOR 3790 02:41:44,665 --> 02:41:45,933 THE DIET. 3791 02:41:45,933 --> 02:41:48,202 FOR EXAMPLE, WE SAW INCREASE IN 3792 02:41:48,202 --> 02:41:50,737 TOTAL FRUITS, INCREASE IN TOTAL 3793 02:41:50,737 --> 02:41:53,040 VEGETABLES, SO ON. 3794 02:41:53,040 --> 02:41:55,676 THE REASON TO BRING THIS UP SOME 3795 02:41:55,676 --> 02:42:01,348 TIE -- SOME DIETARY MAY BE A 3796 02:42:01,348 --> 02:42:10,357 SOURCE OF PFOS, BUT ALSO THE 3797 02:42:10,357 --> 02:42:12,125 RESVERATROL, OMEGA-3 FATTY 3798 02:42:12,125 --> 02:42:13,527 ACIDS, BIOCOMPONENTS MIGHT HAVE 3799 02:42:13,527 --> 02:42:15,262 COME INTO PLAY. 3800 02:42:15,262 --> 02:42:21,301 SO I'LL SUMMARIZE HERE. 3801 02:42:21,301 --> 02:42:22,736 THE HEART-HEALTHY INTERVENTION 3802 02:42:22,736 --> 02:42:25,005 DECREASED CIRCULATING 3803 02:42:25,005 --> 02:42:26,773 CHOLESTEROL AND PFAS, IS THERE A 3804 02:42:26,773 --> 02:42:28,175 INTERESTING ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 3805 02:42:28,175 --> 02:42:30,177 CHOLESTEROL AND PFOS? 3806 02:42:30,177 --> 02:42:30,477 MAYBE. 3807 02:42:30,477 --> 02:42:32,045 AND THEN MORE WORK NEEDS TO BE 3808 02:42:32,045 --> 02:42:33,914 DONE TO DETERMINE IF SPECIFIC 3809 02:42:33,914 --> 02:42:34,581 COMPONENTS OF THE INTERVENTION 3810 02:42:34,581 --> 02:42:35,315 ARE KEY. 3811 02:42:35,315 --> 02:42:36,416 IS IT THE DIET? 3812 02:42:36,416 --> 02:42:38,185 IS IT THE EXERCISE? 3813 02:42:38,185 --> 02:42:40,787 IS IT A SYNERGISM OF ALL THESE 3814 02:42:40,787 --> 02:42:41,788 HEALTHY THINGS AT PLAY? 3815 02:42:41,788 --> 02:42:43,323 THAT'S THE NEXT STEP FOR THAT 3816 02:42:43,323 --> 02:42:44,191 FOR SURE. 3817 02:42:44,191 --> 02:42:50,731 I'LL STOP THERE. 3818 02:42:50,731 --> 02:42:52,165 THANK YOU. 3819 02:42:52,165 --> 02:42:53,934 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 3820 02:42:53,934 --> 02:42:56,570 THERE'S STILL A LOT MORE REASONS 3821 02:42:56,570 --> 02:42:59,606 TO EAT A HEALTHY DIET. 3822 02:42:59,606 --> 02:43:07,748 NOW I'D LIKE TO ASK DR. BIRKHOLZ 3823 02:43:07,748 --> 02:43:12,419 TO ZINN. 3824 02:43:12,419 --> 02:43:14,855 TO -- TO BEGIN. 3825 02:43:14,855 --> 02:43:20,294 >> I'M LOCATED IN EDMONTON, 3826 02:43:20,294 --> 02:43:21,061 ALBERTA, CANADA. 3827 02:43:21,061 --> 02:43:24,998 I DID THIS WORK WITH DR. STEVE 3828 02:43:24,998 --> 02:43:26,867 INGENIS, A CLINICIAN, WHO FELT 3829 02:43:26,867 --> 02:43:27,968 HE WAS OVERWHELMED WITH 3830 02:43:27,968 --> 02:43:29,403 CHRONICALLY ILL PATIENTS. 3831 02:43:29,403 --> 02:43:32,806 WE HEARD THAT THIS MORNING 3832 02:43:32,806 --> 02:43:33,040 ALREADY. 3833 02:43:33,040 --> 02:43:34,541 STEPHEN PUBLISHED OVER 21 3834 02:43:34,541 --> 02:43:36,643 PAPERS, IN WHICH HE FELT THAT 3835 02:43:36,643 --> 02:43:40,447 CHRONIC DISEASE WAS THE RESULT 3836 02:43:40,447 --> 02:43:42,115 OF EXPOSURE TO TOXICANTS, 3837 02:43:42,115 --> 02:43:50,657 EDCsS, DIETARY DEFICIENTY 3838 02:43:50,657 --> 02:43:52,392 INTERACTING WITH THE GENOME. 3839 02:43:52,392 --> 02:43:53,594 HE HAS RETIRED AND 3840 02:43:53,594 --> 02:43:56,096 UNDERSTANDABLY DECLINED TO SPEAK 3841 02:43:56,096 --> 02:43:59,700 AT THIS CONFIDENCE, SINCE I'M A 3842 02:43:59,700 --> 02:44:02,903 CO-AUTHOR OF STUDIES, HE 3843 02:44:02,903 --> 02:44:11,845 APPROACHED ME, I'M GLAD TO 3844 02:44:11,845 --> 02:44:16,917 PRESENT HIS WORK. 3845 02:44:16,917 --> 02:44:17,985 NEXT SLIDE. 3846 02:44:17,985 --> 02:44:19,987 I APOLOGIZE FOR READING BUT I'VE 3847 02:44:19,987 --> 02:44:21,722 BEEN TOLD TO KEEP THIS TO 3848 02:44:21,722 --> 02:44:24,458 EXACTLY 12 MINUTES. 3849 02:44:24,458 --> 02:44:25,892 I'M LECTURED FOR A LIVING. 3850 02:44:25,892 --> 02:44:28,729 WE'RE THE FIRST GENERATION 3851 02:44:28,729 --> 02:44:29,529 EXPOSED TO WIDESPREAD CHEMICALS, 3852 02:44:29,529 --> 02:44:30,697 WE'VE HEARD THAT. 3853 02:44:30,697 --> 02:44:32,733 MANY ARE UNTESTED FOR HUMAN 3854 02:44:32,733 --> 02:44:34,568 EXPOSURE, PROBABLY A LOT OF 3855 02:44:34,568 --> 02:44:36,770 UNKNOWN EDCs. 3856 02:44:36,770 --> 02:44:40,374 WE HAVE OVER 204 MILLION 3857 02:44:40,374 --> 02:44:42,776 SUBSTANCES REGISTERED WITH 3858 02:44:42,776 --> 02:44:43,343 UNIQUE NUMBERS. 3859 02:44:43,343 --> 02:44:46,546 ROUGHLY 300 MILLION TONS OF 3860 02:44:46,546 --> 02:44:47,147 MAN-MADE CHEMICALS ANNUALLY 3861 02:44:47,147 --> 02:44:49,282 INTRODUCED AND USED IN INDUSTRY 3862 02:44:49,282 --> 02:44:53,153 AND CONSUMER PRODUCTS, UP TO 3863 02:44:53,153 --> 02:44:56,256 5.9 MILLION TONS OF PESTICIDES 3864 02:44:56,256 --> 02:45:01,662 USED IN AGRICULTURE AND A MYRID 3865 02:45:01,662 --> 02:45:04,031 OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN 3866 02:45:04,031 --> 02:45:06,099 OUR FOODS, AIR, WATER, BODIES. 3867 02:45:06,099 --> 02:45:07,534 LIFE EXPECTANCY IMPROVED OVER 3868 02:45:07,534 --> 02:45:09,403 THE LAST CENTURY IN DEVELOPED 3869 02:45:09,403 --> 02:45:11,605 NATIONS, EXPANDING PREVALENCE OF 3870 02:45:11,605 --> 02:45:13,473 CHRONIC AND DEGENERATIVE ILLNESS 3871 02:45:13,473 --> 02:45:15,008 OF LATE IS DEBILITATING MANY 3872 02:45:15,008 --> 02:45:18,278 HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS, EXPOSURE TO 3873 02:45:18,278 --> 02:45:20,580 UNWANTED CHEMICALS MAY WELL BE 3874 02:45:20,580 --> 02:45:22,983 THE CAUSE. 3875 02:45:22,983 --> 02:45:23,417 NEXT. 3876 02:45:23,417 --> 02:45:24,418 THERE'S NUMEROUS STUDIES 3877 02:45:24,418 --> 02:45:26,620 CONDUCTED FOR SEVERAL DECADES 3878 02:45:26,620 --> 02:45:29,322 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, THAT HAVE 3879 02:45:29,322 --> 02:45:31,091 BASICALLY SHOWN THAT ADULTS AND 3880 02:45:31,091 --> 02:45:33,927 CHILDREN HAVE ACCUMULATED TOXIC 3881 02:45:33,927 --> 02:45:34,194 CHEMICALS. 3882 02:45:34,194 --> 02:45:36,129 WE HAVE STUDIES BY ENVIRONMENTAL 3883 02:45:36,129 --> 02:45:38,598 WORKING GROUP, BODY BURDEN OF 3884 02:45:38,598 --> 02:45:42,135 POLLUTION OF NEWBORNS OF 2005, 3885 02:45:42,135 --> 02:45:45,472 CDC HAS GENERATED REPORTS IN 3886 02:45:45,472 --> 02:45:47,708 2005 AND 2009 SHOWING HUMAN 3887 02:45:47,708 --> 02:45:48,475 EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL 3888 02:45:48,475 --> 02:45:50,877 CHEMICALS, IN CANADA OUR FIRST 3889 02:45:50,877 --> 02:45:54,715 REPORT CAME OUT IN 2010 THAT 3890 02:45:54,715 --> 02:45:56,349 DEALT WITH HUMAN BIOMONITORING 3891 02:45:56,349 --> 02:45:58,118 OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS. 3892 02:45:58,118 --> 02:46:02,823 WE PUBLISHED TWO STUDIES IN 2008 3893 02:46:02,823 --> 02:46:04,458 AND IN 2010, CHEMICALS IN THE 3894 02:46:04,458 --> 02:46:06,526 SERUM OF PREGNANT WOMEN, ALSO IN 3895 02:46:06,526 --> 02:46:07,194 THEIR CHILDREN. 3896 02:46:07,194 --> 02:46:09,262 NEXT. 3897 02:46:09,262 --> 02:46:12,799 3898 02:46:12,799 --> 02:46:17,471 AT MINUTE LEFTS COMPOUNDS AFFECT 3899 02:46:17,471 --> 02:46:20,540 FUNCTION IN MANY WAYS SUCH AS 3900 02:46:20,540 --> 02:46:21,742 HORMONE DISRUPTION, IMMUNE 3901 02:46:21,742 --> 02:46:24,244 DYSREGULATION, CELL DAMAGE, 3902 02:46:24,244 --> 02:46:27,447 GENETIC INFLUENCE, ALLERGY 3903 02:46:27,447 --> 02:46:29,082 INDUCTION, LIVER COMPROMISE, 3904 02:46:29,082 --> 02:46:39,259 CONNER IS PROMOTIONS, SUCH -- 3905 02:46:39,259 --> 02:46:42,729 TOXICANTED CAN EXPERT INFLUENCE 3906 02:46:42,729 --> 02:46:43,864 AT LOW CONCENTRATIONS. 3907 02:46:43,864 --> 02:46:46,700 I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT BLOOD, 3908 02:46:46,700 --> 02:46:50,837 URINE, SWEAT STUDIES PUBLISHED 3909 02:46:50,837 --> 02:46:53,940 BY DR. GENIS TO REVIEW 3910 02:46:53,940 --> 02:46:55,242 BIOACCUMULATION OF CHEMICALS AND 3911 02:46:55,242 --> 02:46:56,576 EXPLAIN AND DISCUSS RESEARCH 3912 02:46:56,576 --> 02:46:58,345 FINDINGS ON THE HUMAN EXCRETION 3913 02:46:58,345 --> 02:47:00,947 OF THESE CHEMICALS BY MEASURING 3914 02:47:00,947 --> 02:47:02,682 BLOOD, URINE, SWEAT LEVELS. 3915 02:47:02,682 --> 02:47:08,722 WE'RE ADDRESSING EXCRETION OF 3916 02:47:08,722 --> 02:47:10,690 METALS, PTHALATES, FLAME 3917 02:47:10,690 --> 02:47:12,559 RETARDANTS, PESTICIDES AND 3918 02:47:12,559 --> 02:47:14,194 PERFLUORO CHEMICALS. 3919 02:47:14,194 --> 02:47:17,264 STEPHEN AND I ARE ADJUNCT 3920 02:47:17,264 --> 02:47:18,565 PROFESSORS AT UNIVERSITY OF 3921 02:47:18,565 --> 02:47:20,667 ALBERTA AND GOT PERMISSION FROM 3922 02:47:20,667 --> 02:47:21,968 THE HEALTH RESEARCH ETHICS BOARD 3923 02:47:21,968 --> 02:47:24,838 OF THE UNIVERSITY TO CONDUCT 3924 02:47:24,838 --> 02:47:26,239 THIS STUDY. 3925 02:47:26,239 --> 02:47:29,309 WE BASICALLY USE NINE MALES, 3926 02:47:29,309 --> 02:47:31,511 ELEVEN FEMALES, TEN PARTICIPANTS 3927 02:47:31,511 --> 02:47:37,517 WERE PATIENTS IN STEPHEN'S 3928 02:47:37,517 --> 02:47:40,053 CLINICAL PRACTICE, TEN OTHERWISE 3929 02:47:40,053 --> 02:47:48,361 HEALTHY ADULTS, MEAN AGES OF THE 3930 02:47:48,361 --> 02:47:52,299 MALES WAS 44.4, FEMALES 45.6. 3931 02:47:52,299 --> 02:47:54,601 WE'VE TALKED ABOUT PER 3932 02:47:54,601 --> 02:47:55,635 FLUORINATED CHEMICALS. 3933 02:47:55,635 --> 02:48:00,507 I WON'T SPEND TIME ON THIS. 3934 02:48:00,507 --> 02:48:03,610 FINDINGS WERE PFCs ACCUMULATE 3935 02:48:03,610 --> 02:48:05,946 IN HUMAN BLOOD AND TISSUES, 3936 02:48:05,946 --> 02:48:07,981 LINKED TO ASSORTED HEALTH 3937 02:48:07,981 --> 02:48:10,617 CONCERNS. 3938 02:48:10,617 --> 02:48:14,654 THESE PROVIDE COMPELLING 3939 02:48:14,654 --> 02:48:24,197 EVIDENCE ORAL CHOLESTRYA LINE IS 3940 02:48:24,197 --> 02:48:29,636 EFFECTIVE AT HASTENING PFCS. 3941 02:48:29,636 --> 02:48:33,473 SAUNA DEPURATION IS NOT 3942 02:48:33,473 --> 02:48:34,374 EFFECTIVE MEANS. 3943 02:48:34,374 --> 02:48:37,944 NOT DETECTED IN SWEAT AND URINE. 3944 02:48:37,944 --> 02:48:41,147 PCBs ARE ANOTHER GROUP 3945 02:48:41,147 --> 02:48:42,115 BASICALLY MANUFACTURED BACK TO 3946 02:48:42,115 --> 02:48:45,418 1929, FOUND THEIR WAY IN A HOST 3947 02:48:45,418 --> 02:48:46,286 OF PRODUCTS. 3948 02:48:46,286 --> 02:48:49,456 YOU CAN READ ALL THE THINGS 3949 02:48:49,456 --> 02:48:51,091 ABOUT THEM HERE. 3950 02:48:51,091 --> 02:48:52,626 THERE'S ONE QUICK SLIDE ON DATA, 3951 02:48:52,626 --> 02:48:54,394 I DON'T HAVE MUCH SLIDES TO SHOW 3952 02:48:54,394 --> 02:48:56,363 YOU ON DATA BECAUSE I DON'T HAVE 3953 02:48:56,363 --> 02:48:57,330 ENOUGH TIME. 3954 02:48:57,330 --> 02:49:02,402 WE'RE LOOKING AT SIMPLE THINGS 3955 02:49:02,402 --> 02:49:04,905 LIKE URINE-TO-BLOOD RATIO, 3956 02:49:04,905 --> 02:49:08,875 SWEAT-TO-BLOOD RATIO, SHOWING 3957 02:49:08,875 --> 02:49:16,516 VERY HIGH SWEAT-TO-BLOOD RATIO. 3958 02:49:16,516 --> 02:49:18,618 OUR CONCLUSIONS OF CONGENERS 3959 02:49:18,618 --> 02:49:29,129 TESTED FOR, MANY ARE YOUR -- 3960 02:49:30,931 --> 02:49:32,699 UBIQUITOUS. 3961 02:49:32,699 --> 02:49:34,801 WE FIND SOME DETECTED AT HIGH 3962 02:49:34,801 --> 02:49:36,636 LEVELS IN URINE AND SWEAT, 3963 02:49:36,636 --> 02:49:43,443 SUGGESTING PERSPIRATION MAY BE 3964 02:49:43,443 --> 02:49:44,744 MORE EFFECTIVE THAN URINARY 3965 02:49:44,744 --> 02:49:45,145 ELIMINATION. 3966 02:49:45,145 --> 02:49:48,815 WE TALKED ABOUT URINE AND BLOOD 3967 02:49:48,815 --> 02:49:51,017 AND SWEAT RATIOS. 3968 02:49:51,017 --> 02:49:55,055 INDUCED 3969 02:49:55,055 --> 02:49:56,823 INDUCED PERSPIRATION DOES APPEAR 3970 02:49:56,823 --> 02:49:58,925 TO HASTEN SOME. 3971 02:49:58,925 --> 02:50:00,760 PRODUCTS HAVE BEEN BANNED IN THE 3972 02:50:00,760 --> 02:50:02,495 UNITED STATES, IN CANADA FOR USE 3973 02:50:02,495 --> 02:50:08,635 IN BABY BOTTLES. 3974 02:50:08,635 --> 02:50:19,079 NOTABLE FINDINGS, THE DATA 3975 02:50:22,382 --> 02:50:24,050 SUGGESTS THAT IT BIOACCUMULATES 3976 02:50:24,050 --> 02:50:32,926 IN SUPERVISORS, AND RETAINED IN 3977 02:50:32,926 --> 02:50:34,260 TISSUES, LIKELY ADIPOSE EXCRETES 3978 02:50:34,260 --> 02:50:38,598 IN SWEAT. 3979 02:50:38,598 --> 02:50:41,368 CONSIDERABLE LEVELS FOUND IN 3980 02:50:41,368 --> 02:50:42,769 SWEAT SUGGEST BIOMONITORING MAY 3981 02:50:42,769 --> 02:50:46,039 NOT PROVIDE RELIABLE INDICATION 3982 02:50:46,039 --> 02:50:48,141 OF BPA TOXICANT BURDEN. 3983 02:50:48,141 --> 02:50:52,512 ANOTHER GROUP OF COMPOUNDS IS 3984 02:50:52,512 --> 02:50:53,079 PESTICIDES, IT'S INTERESTING 3985 02:50:53,079 --> 02:50:55,348 THAT A LOT OF THESE HAVE BEEN 3986 02:50:55,348 --> 02:50:58,518 BANNED IN NORTH AMERICA YET EVEN 3987 02:50:58,518 --> 02:51:01,688 TODAY IN 2024 IN SAMPLES WE 3988 02:51:01,688 --> 02:51:04,758 STILL FIND PEOPLE EXPOSED TO 3989 02:51:04,758 --> 02:51:07,560 DDT, DDE, HAVE YOU COUNTRIES 3990 02:51:07,560 --> 02:51:09,696 LIKE CHINA AND EASTERN EUROPE 3991 02:51:09,696 --> 02:51:12,098 THAT STILL PRODUCE PESTICIDES. 3992 02:51:12,098 --> 02:51:17,003 WE GET EXPOSED BECAUSE OF LONG 3993 02:51:17,003 --> 02:51:19,105 RANGE AIR TRANSPORT. 3994 02:51:19,105 --> 02:51:20,840 KEY FINDINGS IS DDT AND 3995 02:51:20,840 --> 02:51:23,343 METABOLITES WERE FOUND IN NEARLY 3996 02:51:23,343 --> 02:51:26,446 EVERY PARTICIPANTS REGARDLESS OF 3997 02:51:26,446 --> 02:51:27,280 AGE, SUGGESTING EXPOSURE IS 3998 02:51:27,280 --> 02:51:31,684 COMMON EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE 3999 02:51:31,684 --> 02:51:32,118 BANNED. 4000 02:51:32,118 --> 02:51:33,953 PESTICIDES AND PARENT COMPOUNDS 4001 02:51:33,953 --> 02:51:37,257 WERE DETECTED IN PERSPIRATION 4002 02:51:37,257 --> 02:51:38,591 SUGGESTING SWEATING MAY DIMINISH 4003 02:51:38,591 --> 02:51:44,364 BODY BURDEN. 4004 02:51:44,364 --> 02:51:47,867 SOME PARENT ORGANOCHLORINE 4005 02:51:47,867 --> 02:51:50,603 PESTICIDES AND SOME METABOLITES 4006 02:51:50,603 --> 02:51:53,573 THAT WERE NOT READILY EXCRETED 4007 02:51:53,573 --> 02:51:57,444 IN PERCENT TRYINGS. 4008 02:51:57,444 --> 02:51:59,946 LIPO THERE'S PHILICITY IS A 4009 02:51:59,946 --> 02:52:10,256 MAJOR FACTOR INSURE FLUSSING 4010 02:52:10,256 --> 02:52:11,458 EFFICACY OF TRANSDERMAL 4011 02:52:11,458 --> 02:52:11,858 ELIMINATION. 4012 02:52:11,858 --> 02:52:13,660 ANOTHER GROUP OF COMPOUNDS WE 4013 02:52:13,660 --> 02:52:20,967 TALKED ABOUT WAS POLY BROMINATED 4014 02:52:20,967 --> 02:52:22,068 DIPHENY ETHERS. 4015 02:52:22,068 --> 02:52:23,470 THE CONCLUSIONS FROM THE STUDY 4016 02:52:23,470 --> 02:52:29,075 IS NONE OF THE TESTED PBDE 4017 02:52:29,075 --> 02:52:36,850 CONGENERS WERE FOUND IN URINE, 4018 02:52:36,850 --> 02:52:38,151 PARTICIPANTS WHO INDUCED 4019 02:52:38,151 --> 02:52:41,988 PARTICIPATION THROUGH EXERCISE 4020 02:52:41,988 --> 02:52:43,957 EXCRETED GREATEST PROPORTION OF 4021 02:52:43,957 --> 02:52:46,259 PBDE 28. 4022 02:52:46,259 --> 02:52:51,498 THOSE WHO USED STEAM SAUNA 4023 02:52:51,498 --> 02:52:53,566 EXCRETED THE MOST PBDE 153. 4024 02:52:53,566 --> 02:52:54,267 CURRENT FINDINGS DRAW ATTENTION 4025 02:52:54,267 --> 02:52:56,736 TO THE IMPORTANCE OF TESTING 4026 02:52:56,736 --> 02:53:00,907 BOTH BLOOD AND PERSPIRATION. 4027 02:53:00,907 --> 02:53:01,641 MANY PARTICIPANTS DEMONSTRATED 4028 02:53:01,641 --> 02:53:07,580 EVIDENCE IN PERSPIRATION WITH 4029 02:53:07,580 --> 02:53:08,681 ABSENCE IN SERUM. 4030 02:53:08,681 --> 02:53:10,116 RATES MAY BE RELATED TO 4031 02:53:10,116 --> 02:53:16,789 CONCENTRATION OF SEBACEOUS 4032 02:53:16,789 --> 02:53:17,390 GLANDS. 4033 02:53:17,390 --> 02:53:23,163 STUDY PROVIDES BASELINE EVIDENCE 4034 02:53:23,163 --> 02:53:24,931 FOR INDUCED PERSPIRATION AS ONE 4035 02:53:24,931 --> 02:53:31,037 APPROACH FOR LEM -- ELIMINATIO. 4036 02:53:31,037 --> 02:53:35,308 AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED A 4037 02:53:35,308 --> 02:53:36,743 MODALITY TO DIMINISH BODY 4038 02:53:36,743 --> 02:53:38,044 BURDENS. 4039 02:53:38,044 --> 02:53:39,579 PTHALATES IS ANOTHER GROUP OF 4040 02:53:39,579 --> 02:53:39,846 COMPOUNDS. 4041 02:53:39,846 --> 02:53:42,649 WE'VE HEARD ABOUT THEM TODAY AS 4042 02:53:42,649 --> 02:53:42,982 WELL. 4043 02:53:42,982 --> 02:53:51,191 THE KEY FINDINGS THAT WE HAD, 4044 02:53:51,191 --> 02:53:53,359 FOUND IN ALL PARTICIPANTS 4045 02:53:53,359 --> 02:54:01,000 SUGGESTING EXPOSURE TO TOXIC 4046 02:54:01,000 --> 02:54:02,769 COMPOUNDS IS COMMON, SOME 4047 02:54:02,769 --> 02:54:07,140 EXCRETED IN SWEAT, OTHERS NOT. 4048 02:54:07,140 --> 02:54:09,309 IN SOME FOUND IN SWEAT BUT NOT 4049 02:54:09,309 --> 02:54:12,378 SERUM SUGGESTING SOME DEGREE OF 4050 02:54:12,378 --> 02:54:14,247 PTHALLATE RETENTION AND 4051 02:54:14,247 --> 02:54:14,614 BIOACCUMULATION. 4052 02:54:14,614 --> 02:54:19,385 SOME METABOLITES SUCH AS MONO 4053 02:54:19,385 --> 02:54:20,653 ETHYL HEXOPTHALLATE WERE 4054 02:54:20,653 --> 02:54:22,789 ELIMINATED WELL IN SWEAT. 4055 02:54:22,789 --> 02:54:24,424 SEVERAL EVIDENCE IN UNIT, NO 4056 02:54:24,424 --> 02:54:28,795 EVIDENCE OF PARENT COMPOUNDS IN 4057 02:54:28,795 --> 02:54:32,432 EITHER SERUM OR SWEAT. 4058 02:54:32,432 --> 02:54:36,903 ANOTHER GROUP WERE TOXIC 4059 02:54:36,903 --> 02:54:43,076 ELEPHANTS, INDUCED SWEATING MAY 4060 02:54:43,076 --> 02:54:46,246 HAVE POTENTIAL AT CLINICAL 4061 02:54:46,246 --> 02:54:46,813 INTERVENTION. 4062 02:54:46,813 --> 02:54:48,314 CLUSTERS OF PEOPLE SUCH AS 4063 02:54:48,314 --> 02:54:51,584 FIREFIGHTERS, WELDERS, MAY BE 4064 02:54:51,584 --> 02:54:55,888 ADVISED TO REGULARLY UNDERTAKE 4065 02:54:55,888 --> 02:55:01,327 INDUCED SWEATING. 4066 02:55:01,327 --> 02:55:05,031 SOME TOXIC ELEMENTS SUCH AS 4067 02:55:05,031 --> 02:55:08,001 CADMIUM, AND TIN ARE FREQUENTLY 4068 02:55:08,001 --> 02:55:10,303 NOT DETECTED IN SERUM BUT MAY BE 4069 02:55:10,303 --> 02:55:13,573 FOUND IN SWEAT FROM THE SAME 4070 02:55:13,573 --> 02:55:13,873 INDIVIDUAL. 4071 02:55:13,873 --> 02:55:15,441 IN CONCLUSION, DETERMINING BOLD 4072 02:55:15,441 --> 02:55:16,876 BURDEN OF TOXIC ENVIRONMENTAL 4073 02:55:16,876 --> 02:55:18,945 CHEMICALS IS ESSENTIAL IN 4074 02:55:18,945 --> 02:55:20,346 DETERMINING POSSIBLE CAUSES OF 4075 02:55:20,346 --> 02:55:21,014 CHRONIC DISEASE. 4076 02:55:21,014 --> 02:55:23,750 WE NEED TO DETERMINE WHETHER 4077 02:55:23,750 --> 02:55:25,618 MITIGATION IS APPROPRIATE. 4078 02:55:25,618 --> 02:55:28,054 ANALYZING BLOOD AND URINE ALONE 4079 02:55:28,054 --> 02:55:31,891 MAY BE INAPPROPRIATE FOR SOME 4080 02:55:31,891 --> 02:55:32,158 CHEMICALS. 4081 02:55:32,158 --> 02:55:33,626 SWEAT ANALYSES IS ESSENTIAL. 4082 02:55:33,626 --> 02:55:35,161 FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED ON 4083 02:55:35,161 --> 02:55:44,470 SWEAT, IN OTHER WORDS BODY 4084 02:55:44,470 --> 02:55:45,805 PARTS, SEBACEOUS GLANDS, SAUNA, 4085 02:55:45,805 --> 02:55:48,708 EXERCISE, HOW MUCH TIME 4086 02:55:48,708 --> 02:55:50,576 MITIGATIONS TAKE PLACE, HEALTH 4087 02:55:50,576 --> 02:55:52,111 AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS WE'VE 4088 02:55:52,111 --> 02:55:55,415 HEARD ABOUT TODAY SEVERAL TIMES 4089 02:55:55,415 --> 02:55:59,585 IS ESSENTIAL AND MAY EXPLAIN 4090 02:55:59,585 --> 02:56:00,353 RESPONSES. 4091 02:56:00,353 --> 02:56:03,623 >> CAN YOU CONCLUDE? 4092 02:56:03,623 --> 02:56:03,956 THANK YOU. 4093 02:56:03,956 --> 02:56:06,693 >> JUST A SEC HERE. 4094 02:56:06,693 --> 02:56:08,761 THERE'S MY COORDINATES IF ANYONE 4095 02:56:08,761 --> 02:56:10,530 NEEDS TO CONTACT ME BECAUSE WE 4096 02:56:10,530 --> 02:56:12,732 HAVE LIMITED TIME AT THIS 4097 02:56:12,732 --> 02:56:13,433 MEETING. 4098 02:56:13,433 --> 02:56:13,733 >> GREAT. 4099 02:56:13,733 --> 02:56:17,403 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 4100 02:56:17,403 --> 02:56:20,473 >> I KEPT ON TIME. 4101 02:56:20,473 --> 02:56:20,907 >> OKAY. 4102 02:56:20,907 --> 02:56:26,446 I'D LIKE TO OPEN THE FLOOR FOR 4103 02:56:26,446 --> 02:56:26,713 QUESTIONS. 4104 02:56:26,713 --> 02:56:28,047 >> GOOD MORNING. 4105 02:56:28,047 --> 02:56:30,883 I HAVE A QUESTION. 4106 02:56:30,883 --> 02:56:32,518 A QUESTION/COMMENT FOR MICHAEL. 4107 02:56:32,518 --> 02:56:35,688 BACK TO THE SLIDE SHOWING 4108 02:56:35,688 --> 02:56:38,858 MARKERS, LOOKING FOR 4109 02:56:38,858 --> 02:56:40,626 CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS. 4110 02:56:40,626 --> 02:56:42,562 ONE WAS A GLARING OMISSION, WHEN 4111 02:56:42,562 --> 02:56:46,733 I'M NOT IN THE LAB I'M AN 4112 02:56:46,733 --> 02:56:47,934 EMERGENCY VETERINARIAN ON 4113 02:56:47,934 --> 02:56:49,335 WEEKENDS, AND ANIMALS LIKE 4114 02:56:49,335 --> 02:56:52,872 HUMANS OFTEN PRONE TO GETTING 4115 02:56:52,872 --> 02:56:57,043 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, WE'RE 4116 02:56:57,043 --> 02:57:03,383 FACED WITH RADIO GRAPHS, 4117 02:57:03,383 --> 02:57:10,156 PULMONARY EDEEMA CARDIOGENIC OR 4118 02:57:10,156 --> 02:57:12,692 NOT CARDIOGENIC, WE TEST 4119 02:57:12,692 --> 02:57:14,994 PEPTIDE, HUMANS AND ANIMALS, ONE 4120 02:57:14,994 --> 02:57:17,163 HEALTH APPROACH, WONDERING WERE 4121 02:57:17,163 --> 02:57:26,038 YOU DIDN'T LOOK AT BNP BECAUSE 4122 02:57:26,038 --> 02:57:29,442 IT IS SO COMMON. 4123 02:57:29,442 --> 02:57:31,310 >> WE FOCUSED ON CHOLESTEROL, 4124 02:57:31,310 --> 02:57:34,480 IT'S THE STRONGEST PREDICTOR OF 4125 02:57:34,480 --> 02:57:37,083 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK RELATED TO 4126 02:57:37,083 --> 02:57:38,518 ATHEROSCLEROSIS, MAYBE FOR 4127 02:57:38,518 --> 02:57:39,919 CARDIAC FUNCTION THE BNP IS, WE 4128 02:57:39,919 --> 02:57:42,555 WOULD LOVE TO DO MORE IN THIS 4129 02:57:42,555 --> 02:57:44,524 COHORT BUT THERE'S VERY LIMITED 4130 02:57:44,524 --> 02:57:54,600 SERUM AVAILABLE. 4131 02:57:54,600 --> 02:57:56,869 >> WE'LL TAKE LIVE QUESTIONS 4132 02:57:56,869 --> 02:57:57,570 FOR. 4133 02:57:57,570 --> 02:57:58,871 >> JOANNE COURTNEY, OFFICE OF 4134 02:57:58,871 --> 02:58:00,506 DISEASE PREVENTION. 4135 02:58:00,506 --> 02:58:03,342 I HAD A COUPLE COMMENTS, MAYBE 4136 02:58:03,342 --> 02:58:06,712 QUESTIONS IF THIS IS APPLICABLE. 4137 02:58:06,712 --> 02:58:11,984 IN TERMS OF CR BOX AND BUILD A 4138 02:58:11,984 --> 02:58:16,355 BOX, CURIOUS IF THAT WAS BEING 4139 02:58:16,355 --> 02:58:17,356 DISSEMINATED TO LIKE HOAs, 4140 02:58:17,356 --> 02:58:20,293 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, PUBLIC 4141 02:58:20,293 --> 02:58:23,529 HOUSING, HOW THAT'S GOING, AND 4142 02:58:23,529 --> 02:58:26,699 THEN IN GENERAL FOR PEOPLE WHO 4143 02:58:26,699 --> 02:58:28,901 DO LIFE COURSE WORK SPECIFICALLY 4144 02:58:28,901 --> 02:58:34,474 IN WOMEN, WHEN WE'RE LOOKING AT 4145 02:58:34,474 --> 02:58:36,742 BIRTH RATES AND STILLBIRTHS, 4146 02:58:36,742 --> 02:58:39,512 LOSS OF CHILDREN, WONDERING IF 4147 02:58:39,512 --> 02:58:41,481 PEOPLE ARE ALSO SURVEYING 4148 02:58:41,481 --> 02:58:42,448 FIBROIDS BECAUSE THERE'S NOT A 4149 02:58:42,448 --> 02:58:45,852 LOT OF INFORMATION ON FIBROIDS 4150 02:58:45,852 --> 02:58:50,423 AND EDCs, I THINK IF WE START 4151 02:58:50,423 --> 02:58:52,625 SURVEYING IT WE CAN CHANGE THE 4152 02:58:52,625 --> 02:58:55,895 LANDSCAPE OF WHAT'S GOING ON 4153 02:58:55,895 --> 02:58:56,429 THERE. 4154 02:58:56,429 --> 02:58:56,963 THANKS. 4155 02:58:56,963 --> 02:58:59,332 >> I CAN ANSWER THAT. 4156 02:58:59,332 --> 02:59:00,199 >> DR. BRAUN. 4157 02:59:00,199 --> 02:59:00,967 >> YES, SURE. 4158 02:59:00,967 --> 02:59:02,068 YES, WE'RE TRYING. 4159 02:59:02,068 --> 02:59:05,571 RIGHT NOW IT'S A ONE-PERSON 4160 02:59:05,571 --> 02:59:07,206 SHOW, THAT'S ME. 4161 02:59:07,206 --> 02:59:09,509 I SOMETIMES GET UNDERGRADUATE 4162 02:59:09,509 --> 02:59:11,043 SUPPORT BUT REALLY NEED -- WE'RE 4163 02:59:11,043 --> 02:59:12,812 TRYING TO DO MORE COMMUNITY 4164 02:59:12,812 --> 02:59:14,780 ENGAGEMENT SO IT'S A MATTER OF 4165 02:59:14,780 --> 02:59:16,716 FINDING SOMEONE WHO CAN DO THIS, 4166 02:59:16,716 --> 02:59:21,787 10, 20 HOURS A WEEK TO BEAT 4167 02:59:21,787 --> 02:59:22,989 BUSHES, RUN EVENTS. 4168 02:59:22,989 --> 02:59:27,460 ONE DONE ONE EVENT IN LOW INCOME 4169 02:59:27,460 --> 02:59:29,028 HOUSING, ANOTHER AT A BOYS AND 4170 02:59:29,028 --> 02:59:29,762 GIRLS CLUB. 4171 02:59:29,762 --> 02:59:33,933 WE'RE DOING WORK IN JACKSON, 4172 02:59:33,933 --> 02:59:38,104 MISSISSIPPI, WHERE MY COLLEAGUE 4173 02:59:38,104 --> 02:59:41,807 ERICA WALKER WORKS, WOOD PELLET 4174 02:59:41,807 --> 02:59:44,010 PLANTS, CORSI ROSENTHAL BUILD A 4175 02:59:44,010 --> 02:59:47,580 BOX EVENTS THERE, NICE TO DO IT 4176 02:59:47,580 --> 02:59:48,714 SYSTEMATICALLY, FRAGMENTATION OF 4177 02:59:48,714 --> 02:59:50,116 HOUSING IN THIS COUNTRY WHO WE 4178 02:59:50,116 --> 02:59:51,551 CAN REACH OUT TO BUT IT'S A 4179 02:59:51,551 --> 02:59:55,955 GREAT IDEA TO GET IT OUT TO 4180 02:59:55,955 --> 02:59:58,491 HOAs AND OTHER LARGER GROUPS 4181 02:59:58,491 --> 03:00:01,227 THAT WE CAN DISSEMINATE TO A 4182 03:00:01,227 --> 03:00:02,662 BIGGER NUMBER OF PEOPLE. 4183 03:00:02,662 --> 03:00:04,697 >> HAVE YOU -- ARE YOU PART OF 4184 03:00:04,697 --> 03:00:05,932 THE PARTNERSHIPS FOR 4185 03:00:05,932 --> 03:00:08,768 ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH 4186 03:00:08,768 --> 03:00:10,670 THAT'S AN NIEHS ORGANIZATION 4187 03:00:10,670 --> 03:00:12,605 THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF 4188 03:00:12,605 --> 03:00:14,040 COMMUNITY ENGAGED RESEARCHERS 4189 03:00:14,040 --> 03:00:17,076 WHO MIGHT BE ABLE TO DISSEMINATE 4190 03:00:17,076 --> 03:00:20,279 THIS INFORMATION? 4191 03:00:20,279 --> 03:00:25,051 >> I CAN REACH OUT TO LIAM 4192 03:00:25,051 --> 03:00:25,952 ACTUALLY. 4193 03:00:25,952 --> 03:00:27,053 >> DR. PETERSON, DID YOU WANT TO 4194 03:00:27,053 --> 03:00:30,222 ADDRESS THE QUESTION ABOUT 4195 03:00:30,222 --> 03:00:34,160 UTERINE FIBROIDS AND OTHER -- 4196 03:00:34,160 --> 03:00:36,329 >> I CAN ALSO ADDRESS THIS. 4197 03:00:36,329 --> 03:00:36,629 OH. 4198 03:00:36,629 --> 03:00:38,297 >> YEAH, THAT WOULD BE GREAT, 4199 03:00:38,297 --> 03:00:38,664 RITA. 4200 03:00:38,664 --> 03:00:39,398 THANK YOU. 4201 03:00:39,398 --> 03:00:42,568 >> NO, I DON'T MIND AT ALL. 4202 03:00:42,568 --> 03:00:44,904 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION ABOUT 4203 03:00:44,904 --> 03:00:47,406 THE GYNECOLOGIC HEALTH IN WOMEN, 4204 03:00:47,406 --> 03:00:48,741 IT'S REALLY BEEN UNDERSTUDIED. 4205 03:00:48,741 --> 03:00:57,383 THERE'S SOME RESEARCH AROUND OUR 4206 03:00:57,383 --> 03:01:01,520 EDC EXPOSURES, THE BIGGEST ISSUE 4207 03:01:01,520 --> 03:01:03,289 WITH THE FIBROID, MOST WOMEN 4208 03:01:03,289 --> 03:01:08,260 DON'T COME IN UNTIL THEY HAVE A 4209 03:01:08,260 --> 03:01:09,562 BURDEN, PAIN AND GYNECOLOGIC 4210 03:01:09,562 --> 03:01:09,996 ISSUES. 4211 03:01:09,996 --> 03:01:17,570 THEY HAVE FIBROIDS BUT DON'T 4212 03:01:17,570 --> 03:01:17,970 HAVE SYMPTOMOLOGY. 4213 03:01:17,970 --> 03:01:20,640 WE DON'T QUITE KNOW THE 4214 03:01:20,640 --> 03:01:22,241 PREVALENCE, THERE HAVE BEEN 4215 03:01:22,241 --> 03:01:30,249 GREAT STUDIES COMING OUT OF 4216 03:01:30,249 --> 03:01:33,586 DETROIT, NIEHS, FIBROIDS AND EDC 4217 03:01:33,586 --> 03:01:37,256 EXPOSURE, SUGGESTING WE SHOULD 4218 03:01:37,256 --> 03:01:39,425 BE LOOKING CLOSER AT FIBROIDS 4219 03:01:39,425 --> 03:01:41,861 AND GYNECOLOGIC DISORDERS AND 4220 03:01:41,861 --> 03:01:42,061 PAIN. 4221 03:01:42,061 --> 03:01:44,130 SO ABSOLUTELY WE SHOULD BE DOING 4222 03:01:44,130 --> 03:01:44,363 MORE. 4223 03:01:44,363 --> 03:01:50,136 THERE'S A LITTLE BIT BUT WE NEED 4224 03:01:50,136 --> 03:01:50,703 MORE. 4225 03:01:50,703 --> 03:01:54,740 >> I WANT TO ASK A QUESTION FROM 4226 03:01:54,740 --> 03:01:59,679 AN ONLINE PARTICIPANT AND THIS 4227 03:01:59,679 --> 03:02:02,648 IS FOR DR. PETRIELLO ABOUT THE 4228 03:02:02,648 --> 03:02:06,986 WORK YOU DID GEOGRAPHIC 4229 03:02:06,986 --> 03:02:10,289 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PFOS AND 4230 03:02:10,289 --> 03:02:11,524 HEART DISEASE IN KENTUCKY. 4231 03:02:11,524 --> 03:02:17,596 WERE YOU ABLE TO LOOK AT 4232 03:02:17,596 --> 03:02:20,566 FENCELINE COMMUNITIES, YOUR 4233 03:02:20,566 --> 03:02:21,434 MILITARY INSTALLATIONS OR 4234 03:02:21,434 --> 03:02:23,069 INDUSTRIAL SITES TO MANUFACTURE 4235 03:02:23,069 --> 03:02:24,837 SUBPOPULATIONS WHO MIGHT BE AT 4236 03:02:24,837 --> 03:02:25,237 HIGHER RISK? 4237 03:02:25,237 --> 03:02:26,238 >> GREAT QUESTION. 4238 03:02:26,238 --> 03:02:29,475 WE PARTNERED WITH GAS FOLKS AT 4239 03:02:29,475 --> 03:02:31,277 MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY TO DO 4240 03:02:31,277 --> 03:02:34,914 GIS AND THEY DID SPATIAL 4241 03:02:34,914 --> 03:02:36,982 ANALYSES, IT'S IN THE 4242 03:02:36,982 --> 03:02:37,283 MANUSCRIPT. 4243 03:02:37,283 --> 03:02:39,719 WE WERE ABLE TO SEE ASSOCIATIONS 4244 03:02:39,719 --> 03:02:42,655 WITH AIRPORTS AND SOME THINGS 4245 03:02:42,655 --> 03:02:43,889 AND HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES, 4246 03:02:43,889 --> 03:02:44,857 INDUSTRY, BEFORE. 4247 03:02:44,857 --> 03:02:46,726 WE WERE WORKING AT ZIP CODE 4248 03:02:46,726 --> 03:02:47,827 LEVEL SO THAT'S SOMETHING THAT 4249 03:02:47,827 --> 03:02:49,895 YOU HAVE TO THINK ABOUT WHEN 4250 03:02:49,895 --> 03:02:51,197 THINKING OF THESE BARRIER 4251 03:02:51,197 --> 03:02:51,964 FENCELINES AND ALL THAT. 4252 03:02:51,964 --> 03:02:54,467 WE'D LOVE TO DO ANOTHER STUDY 4253 03:02:54,467 --> 03:02:57,103 WHERE WE HAVE ACTUAL ADDRESSES 4254 03:02:57,103 --> 03:02:58,037 FOR SURE. 4255 03:02:58,037 --> 03:03:01,707 THE FOLKS AT MICHIGAN STATE ARE 4256 03:03:01,707 --> 03:03:04,877 EXCELLENT AT THIS. 4257 03:03:04,877 --> 03:03:05,611 >> GREAT. 4258 03:03:05,611 --> 03:03:06,312 THANK YOU. 4259 03:03:06,312 --> 03:03:08,447 >> EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY. 4260 03:03:08,447 --> 03:03:11,751 MY QUESTION FOR DR. PETERSON, 4261 03:03:11,751 --> 03:03:15,921 SURPRISED THE EDC SEEMED TO 4262 03:03:15,921 --> 03:03:17,089 REDUCE PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE 4263 03:03:17,089 --> 03:03:19,525 PRODUCTION, WHETHER YOU THOUGHT 4264 03:03:19,525 --> 03:03:21,527 WHETHER THEY WERE 4265 03:03:21,527 --> 03:03:22,428 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AND HOW THAT 4266 03:03:22,428 --> 03:03:28,768 MIGHT AFFECT RESPONSE TO 4267 03:03:28,768 --> 03:03:29,635 INFECTION IN THAT COMMUNITY? 4268 03:03:29,635 --> 03:03:31,470 >> WE HAVEN'T LOOKED INTO THE 4269 03:03:31,470 --> 03:03:35,241 IMMUNOSUPPRESSION BUT I THINK 4270 03:03:35,241 --> 03:03:36,442 THAT'S AN EXCELLENT IDEA. 4271 03:03:36,442 --> 03:03:44,016 I GUESS THE OTHER THING THAT 4272 03:03:44,016 --> 03:03:48,287 ALWAYS -- AS WE SAY IN MEXICO 4273 03:03:48,287 --> 03:03:49,255 CITY, CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA, 4274 03:03:49,255 --> 03:03:51,991 THINGS WE THOUGHT WERE TRUE 4275 03:03:51,991 --> 03:03:55,728 ORIGINALLY, TRUE IN THE LONG 4276 03:03:55,728 --> 03:03:57,663 RUN, IN THAT SENSE, YEAH, I WISH 4277 03:03:57,663 --> 03:03:59,665 I HAD AN ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION 4278 03:03:59,665 --> 03:04:01,000 BUT I DON'T. 4279 03:04:01,000 --> 03:04:01,467 >> OKAY. 4280 03:04:01,467 --> 03:04:07,139 >> THE OTHER IS I MENTIONED 4281 03:04:07,139 --> 03:04:08,874 WE'RE WONDERING WHETHER EDC 4282 03:04:08,874 --> 03:04:10,743 EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH 4283 03:04:10,743 --> 03:04:13,045 REDUCTION IN RISK FACTORS FOR 4284 03:04:13,045 --> 03:04:13,746 INFLAMMATION AND METABOLIC 4285 03:04:13,746 --> 03:04:17,049 SYNDROME AND/OR THE TIMING OF 4286 03:04:17,049 --> 03:04:18,384 THE MENOPAUSAL TRANSITION. 4287 03:04:18,384 --> 03:04:21,554 SO THAT THERE'S SOME UNDERLYING 4288 03:04:21,554 --> 03:04:22,555 PHYSIOLOGY WHICH WE'RE ABOUT TO 4289 03:04:22,555 --> 03:04:26,592 LOOK AT THAT MIGHT EXPLAIN THAT, 4290 03:04:26,592 --> 03:04:33,065 MY TRUE ANSWER WOULD BE IT'S A 4291 03:04:33,065 --> 03:04:34,366 CROSS-SECTIONAL SNAPSHOT. 4292 03:04:34,366 --> 03:04:37,236 >> I WAS WONDERING IF YOU SAW 4293 03:04:37,236 --> 03:04:38,971 GENETIC PREDISPOSITION BETWEEN 4294 03:04:38,971 --> 03:04:40,539 RESPONDERS AND NON-RESPONDERS, 4295 03:04:40,539 --> 03:04:42,541 DOING GENT PROFILING OF PATIENT 4296 03:04:42,541 --> 03:04:42,842 POPULATIONS? 4297 03:04:42,842 --> 03:04:44,376 >> TO MY KNOWLEDGE THEY HAVE NOT 4298 03:04:44,376 --> 03:04:45,678 PUBLISHED ANY OF THAT. 4299 03:04:45,678 --> 03:04:47,980 WE DIDN'T TAKE THAT INTO 4300 03:04:47,980 --> 03:04:48,214 ACCOUNT. 4301 03:04:48,214 --> 03:04:51,483 >> OKAY. 4302 03:04:51,483 --> 03:04:54,887 >> WE HAVE A QUESTION SENT IN, 4303 03:04:54,887 --> 03:04:57,857 AND IT'S ADDRESSED TO DR. BRAUN 4304 03:04:57,857 --> 03:04:59,592 BUT IF ANYONE ELSE HAS A 4305 03:04:59,592 --> 03:05:04,196 COMMENT, THE QUESTION IS ABOUT 4306 03:05:04,196 --> 03:05:06,465 GENETICS, PARTICULARLY PEOPLE 4307 03:05:06,465 --> 03:05:11,070 WHO ARE HOMOZYGOUS OR 4308 03:05:11,070 --> 03:05:12,171 HETEROZYGOUS FOR METABOLIZING 4309 03:05:12,171 --> 03:05:14,273 ENZYMES AND WHETHER YOU'VE 4310 03:05:14,273 --> 03:05:17,643 LOOKED AT THAT. 4311 03:05:17,643 --> 03:05:20,746 >> WELL, FOR PFAS, THE PFAS WE 4312 03:05:20,746 --> 03:05:23,382 KNOW OF IT WON'T MATTER BECAUSE 4313 03:05:23,382 --> 03:05:25,150 THEY ARE EXCRETED UNALTERED FROM 4314 03:05:25,150 --> 03:05:27,419 THE BODY. 4315 03:05:27,419 --> 03:05:29,188 THERE'S NO METABOLISM OF THEM. 4316 03:05:29,188 --> 03:05:31,257 I SAY THAT WITH POTENTIAL 4317 03:05:31,257 --> 03:05:33,659 EXCEPTIONS FOR NEW EMERGING PFAS 4318 03:05:33,659 --> 03:05:35,661 WITH ETHER LINKAGES THAT COULD 4319 03:05:35,661 --> 03:05:38,264 POTENTIALLY BIOLOGICALLY BREAK 4320 03:05:38,264 --> 03:05:39,932 DOWN BUT CARBON FLUORIDE CHAIN 4321 03:05:39,932 --> 03:05:41,667 DOESN'T GET BROKEN DOWN, 4322 03:05:41,667 --> 03:05:42,501 EXCRETED LARGELY UNALTERED. 4323 03:05:42,501 --> 03:05:45,070 I KNOW THERE'S BEEN AT LEAST ONE 4324 03:05:45,070 --> 03:05:53,379 STUDY WHERE SOMEONE LOOKED AT 4325 03:05:53,379 --> 03:06:01,487 GSTM, AND PFAS BIRTH WEIGHT 4326 03:06:01,487 --> 03:06:03,656 RELATIONSHIP, BUT LEGACY PFAS 4327 03:06:03,656 --> 03:06:05,291 WOULD BE THEIR METABOLISM OR 4328 03:06:05,291 --> 03:06:07,393 EXCRETION WOULD BE ALTERED BY 4329 03:06:07,393 --> 03:06:08,794 THOSE PHASE 2 ENZYMES. 4330 03:06:08,794 --> 03:06:10,996 THE BIGGEST THING THAT LIMITS 4331 03:06:10,996 --> 03:06:21,540 EXCRETION IS THE FACT THEY HAVE 4332 03:06:23,309 --> 03:06:24,109 LOW RENAL IN HUMANS. 4333 03:06:24,109 --> 03:06:30,349 THAT WOULD BE THE OTHER 4334 03:06:30,349 --> 03:06:35,821 POLYMORPHISM IN TERMS OF 4335 03:06:35,821 --> 03:06:36,588 EXCRETION. 4336 03:06:36,588 --> 03:06:39,091 >> GREAT, THANK YOU. 4337 03:06:39,091 --> 03:06:42,494 MODERATORS PROGRESS TO ASK FINAL 4338 03:06:42,494 --> 03:06:44,129 QUESTION BEFORE LUNCH. 4339 03:06:44,129 --> 03:06:45,898 I'M FASCINATED BY YOUR 4340 03:06:45,898 --> 03:06:46,432 FILTRATION FAN BOX. 4341 03:06:46,432 --> 03:06:51,136 I DON'T KNOW IF YOU'VE GIVEN IT 4342 03:06:51,136 --> 03:06:53,872 A SPECIAL NAME, BUT HOW LONG DO 4343 03:06:53,872 --> 03:06:55,507 YOU THINK THAT BOX CAN LAST 4344 03:06:55,507 --> 03:06:57,710 BEFORE THE FILTERS NEED TO BE 4345 03:06:57,710 --> 03:06:59,778 CHANGED, HAS ANYONE BEEN LOOKING 4346 03:06:59,778 --> 03:07:03,816 TO SEE AT WHAT POINT YOU SHOULD 4347 03:07:03,816 --> 03:07:08,454 GET NEW, YOU KNOW, FILTERS FOR 4348 03:07:08,454 --> 03:07:09,621 THOSE? 4349 03:07:09,621 --> 03:07:12,491 >> YES, SO THE FIRST POINT, 4350 03:07:12,491 --> 03:07:16,428 OFFICIAL NAME IS CORSI ROSENTHAL 4351 03:07:16,428 --> 03:07:17,629 BOXES, WHAT JIM AND RICHARD 4352 03:07:17,629 --> 03:07:18,630 DECIDED TO CALL THEM. 4353 03:07:18,630 --> 03:07:20,899 >> YOU HAVE TO HAVE A SHORTER 4354 03:07:20,899 --> 03:07:21,333 NAME. 4355 03:07:21,333 --> 03:07:26,372 >> I CALL THEM CORSI BOXES BUT I 4356 03:07:26,372 --> 03:07:27,306 FEEL BAD BECAUSE ROSENTHAL -- 4357 03:07:27,306 --> 03:07:30,109 >> WHAT ABOUT THE BRAUN BOX? 4358 03:07:30,109 --> 03:07:32,411 >> I'M NOT TAKING CREDIT. 4359 03:07:32,411 --> 03:07:34,513 >> JUST KIDDING. 4360 03:07:34,513 --> 03:07:36,015 >> FILTER REPLACEMENT, IT 4361 03:07:36,015 --> 03:07:36,582 DEPENDS. 4362 03:07:36,582 --> 03:07:38,550 IT REALLY DEPENDS ON AIR QUALITY 4363 03:07:38,550 --> 03:07:40,319 THEY ARE OPERATING IN. 4364 03:07:40,319 --> 03:07:42,254 IF YOU'RE LIVING THROUGH A 4365 03:07:42,254 --> 03:07:43,589 WILDFIRE EPISODE RIGHT NOW YOU 4366 03:07:43,589 --> 03:07:45,024 MAY NEED TO REPLACE THEM IN A 4367 03:07:45,024 --> 03:07:47,092 WEEK OR TWO BECAUSE THEY WILL 4368 03:07:47,092 --> 03:07:49,728 GET SO CLOGGED UP. 4369 03:07:49,728 --> 03:07:52,331 ON THE OTHER HAND, I 4370 03:07:52,331 --> 03:07:53,665 EMBARRASSEDLY JUST REPLACED MINE 4371 03:07:53,665 --> 03:07:55,200 AFTER 18 MONTHS BUT THEY ARE NOT 4372 03:07:55,200 --> 03:07:56,201 THAT DIRTY. 4373 03:07:56,201 --> 03:07:58,570 MY HOUSE DOESN'T HAVE A LOT OF 4374 03:07:58,570 --> 03:07:58,771 DUST. 4375 03:07:58,771 --> 03:08:00,439 THEY WORK BETTER THE MORE 4376 03:08:00,439 --> 03:08:05,611 CLOGGED THEY GET WITH DUST 4377 03:08:05,611 --> 03:08:06,812 BECAUSE YOU'RE FILTERING BUT THE 4378 03:08:06,812 --> 03:08:08,647 EFFICIENCY OF THE FAN DECREASES 4379 03:08:08,647 --> 03:08:09,648 TO PULL HARDER. 4380 03:08:09,648 --> 03:08:11,216 RECOMMENDED EVERY 6 TO 12 MONTHS 4381 03:08:11,216 --> 03:08:15,020 TO CHANGE THEM. 4382 03:08:15,020 --> 03:08:15,554 >> OKAY. 4383 03:08:15,554 --> 03:08:18,090 THAT'S GOOD. 4384 03:08:18,090 --> 03:08:20,492 >> ONE COMMENT WITH PFAS, OVER 4385 03:08:20,492 --> 03:08:22,795 15,000 OF THEM, WE'RE MEASURING 4386 03:08:22,795 --> 03:08:26,598 A SMALL SUBSET, WE'RE FINDING 4387 03:08:26,598 --> 03:08:33,372 THAT ON ACTUALLY ONCE THEY ARE 4388 03:08:33,372 --> 03:08:36,675 ULTRA SHORT CHAINS, C2 AND 4389 03:08:36,675 --> 03:08:39,311 C3s, MAYBE THE MAJORITY OF 4390 03:08:39,311 --> 03:08:42,714 EXPOSURE AND NOBODY IS MEASURING 4391 03:08:42,714 --> 03:08:49,354 THEM. 4392 03:08:49,354 --> 03:08:53,192 >> ON THAT POSITIVE NOTE, 4393 03:08:53,192 --> 03:08:54,059 THANKS, DR. BIRNBAUM. 4394 03:08:54,059 --> 03:08:55,928 WE'VE HAD A GREAT MORNING, IT'S 4395 03:08:55,928 --> 03:08:57,696 BEEN A LONG ONE, I HOPE YOUR 4396 03:08:57,696 --> 03:09:01,633 INTEREST HAS BEEN HELD BY THESE 4397 03:09:01,633 --> 03:09:02,167 FANTASTIC PRESENTATIONS 4398 03:09:02,167 --> 03:09:04,036 ESPECIALLY THIS LAST SESSION. 4399 03:09:04,036 --> 03:09:05,671 LET'S GIVE ONE LAST ROUND OF 4400 03:09:05,671 --> 03:09:08,407 APPLAUSE. 4401 03:09:08,407 --> 03:09:12,444 NOW WE'RE GOING TO OUR LUNCH 4402 03:09:12,444 --> 03:09:13,879 BREAK, MUCH-NEEDED LUNCH BREAK. 4403 03:09:13,879 --> 03:09:15,514 I HOPE EVERYONE RETURNS AT 1:30 4404 03:09:15,514 --> 03:09:16,381 EASTERN TIME. 4405 03:09:16,381 --> 03:09:20,042 THANK YOU. 4406 03:09:20,042 --> 03:09:21,143 WELCOME BACK, EVERYONE. 4407 03:09:21,143 --> 03:09:24,613 I HOPE YOU ENJOYED YOUR LUNCH 4408 03:09:24,613 --> 03:09:25,080 BREAKS. 4409 03:09:25,080 --> 03:09:32,955 WE HAVE MORE GREAT SESSIONS AND 4410 03:09:32,955 --> 03:09:34,690 SPEAKERS AND Q&A OPPORTUNITIES 4411 03:09:34,690 --> 03:09:35,357 THIS AFTERNOON. 4412 03:09:35,357 --> 03:09:37,092 WE PROMISE WE'LL GIVE A BREAK SO 4413 03:09:37,092 --> 03:09:39,395 IT'S NOT ONE BIG STRETCH THIS 4414 03:09:39,395 --> 03:09:39,728 AFTERNOON. 4415 03:09:39,728 --> 03:09:43,465 WE'RE STARTING WITH OUR NEXT 4416 03:09:43,465 --> 03:09:50,005 SESSION, WHICH IS FOCUSING ON 4417 03:09:50,005 --> 03:09:53,709 MICROBIOME AND METABOLOME 4418 03:09:53,709 --> 03:09:57,046 MODERATED BY HYE-SOOK KIM FROM 4419 03:09:57,046 --> 03:09:57,246 NCCIH. 4420 03:09:57,246 --> 03:09:58,414 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 4421 03:09:58,414 --> 03:10:01,050 I'M A PROGRAM OFFICER AT NCCIH. 4422 03:10:01,050 --> 03:10:02,585 I'D LIKE TO WELCOME EVERYONE TO 4423 03:10:02,585 --> 03:10:07,189 THIS SESSION ON THE MICROBIOME 4424 03:10:07,189 --> 03:10:08,591 AND METABOLOME, EXCITING AND 4425 03:10:08,591 --> 03:10:10,559 TIMELY WORKSHOP. 4426 03:10:10,559 --> 03:10:12,061 IN THIS SESSION WE'LL TAKE YOU 4427 03:10:12,061 --> 03:10:13,896 TO THE WORD OF THE MICROBES 4428 03:10:13,896 --> 03:10:15,297 LIVING IN OUR BODY, PARTICULARLY 4429 03:10:15,297 --> 03:10:15,998 OUR GUT. 4430 03:10:15,998 --> 03:10:18,367 WE'D LIKE TO DISCUSS ABOUT HOW 4431 03:10:18,367 --> 03:10:20,903 THEY ARE AFFECTED BY ENDOCRINE 4432 03:10:20,903 --> 03:10:23,205 DISRUPTING CHEMICALS AND ALSO 4433 03:10:23,205 --> 03:10:26,709 THE CHANGES IN MICROBES 4434 03:10:26,709 --> 03:10:27,910 IMPACTING OUR HEALTH. 4435 03:10:27,910 --> 03:10:34,583 AS SHOWN ON THE SCREEN, WE HAVE 4436 03:10:34,583 --> 03:10:37,553 FOUR SPEAKERS, I ENCOURAGE YOU 4437 03:10:37,553 --> 03:10:39,722 TO REVIEW THE PROGRAMS TO READ 4438 03:10:39,722 --> 03:10:45,527 MORE ABOUT THEIR BACKGROUNDS. 4439 03:10:45,527 --> 03:10:48,264 TO BEGIN OUR TALKS WE WILL KICK 4440 03:10:48,264 --> 03:10:52,334 OFF WITH DR. CHERYL ROSENFELD OF 4441 03:10:52,334 --> 03:10:56,038 UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, 4442 03:10:56,038 --> 03:10:58,741 FOLLOWING THAT WE'LL HEAR FROM 4443 03:10:58,741 --> 03:10:59,675 DR. VARYKINA THACKRAY, 4444 03:10:59,675 --> 03:11:02,411 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT SAN 4445 03:11:02,411 --> 03:11:03,145 DIEGO. 4446 03:11:03,145 --> 03:11:06,115 THEY WILL PRESENT MICROBIOME, 4447 03:11:06,115 --> 03:11:07,316 PARTICULARLY GUT MICROBIOME. 4448 03:11:07,316 --> 03:11:17,860 AND HEALTH IM -- IMPLICATION AND 4449 03:11:23,699 --> 03:11:30,506 THEN DR. JORDAN BISANZ AND DIANA 4450 03:11:30,506 --> 03:11:32,374 ROOPCHAND, WITH THAT I WOULD 4451 03:11:32,374 --> 03:11:34,910 LIKE TO INVITE DR. ROSENFELD TO 4452 03:11:34,910 --> 03:11:37,413 KICK US OFF. 4453 03:11:37,413 --> 03:11:39,815 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 4454 03:11:39,815 --> 03:11:41,684 IT'S MY PLEASURE TO BE HERE. 4455 03:11:41,684 --> 03:11:47,222 THANK YOU TO THE ORGANIZERS FOR 4456 03:11:47,222 --> 03:11:49,124 THIS AMAZING CONFERENCE OF THE 4457 03:11:49,124 --> 03:11:56,031 WE'RE FOCUSING ON THE 4458 03:11:56,031 --> 03:11:57,166 ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS 4459 03:11:57,166 --> 03:12:01,036 AFFECT THE MICROBIOME, THE 4460 03:12:01,036 --> 03:12:01,937 PERILS AND PROMISE. 4461 03:12:01,937 --> 03:12:04,840 I DON'T NEED TO GO INTO 4462 03:12:04,840 --> 03:12:05,441 DIFFERENT ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING 4463 03:12:05,441 --> 03:12:08,610 CHEMICALS, THIS IS FROM THE NIH 4464 03:12:08,610 --> 03:12:08,811 SITE. 4465 03:12:08,811 --> 03:12:16,251 WE'RE DEALING WITH A LOT OF 4466 03:12:16,251 --> 03:12:24,793 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS, 4467 03:12:24,793 --> 03:12:25,294 RETARDANDS, PTHALATES, 4468 03:12:25,294 --> 03:12:31,033 THYROESTROGENS, WHAT WE'VE HEARD 4469 03:12:31,033 --> 03:12:41,110 IS HOW THEY AFFECT -- WE HAVE 4470 03:12:41,110 --> 03:12:42,711 THEM COMBINING, TARGET EFFECTS 4471 03:12:42,711 --> 03:12:48,117 ON DIFFERENT ORGANS, SHOWN HERE. 4472 03:12:48,117 --> 03:12:55,023 WE HAVE TO CONSIDER IN US, WE 4473 03:12:55,023 --> 03:13:00,496 HAVE A HUGE GUT FERMENTING, 4474 03:13:00,496 --> 03:13:01,864 DIGESTING, ABSORPTION, IN CASES 4475 03:13:01,864 --> 03:13:03,799 THAT HOUSE MANY, MANY BACTERIA, 4476 03:13:03,799 --> 03:13:09,104 MANY GOOD FOR US. 4477 03:13:09,104 --> 03:13:11,140 BUT THE BACTERIA IN THE GUT, IT 4478 03:13:11,140 --> 03:13:13,342 WAS KNOWN THEY CAN BE INFLUENCED 4479 03:13:13,342 --> 03:13:15,310 BY MANY THINGS. 4480 03:13:15,310 --> 03:13:17,813 DIET, PHARMACEUTICALS, WHERE YOU 4481 03:13:17,813 --> 03:13:21,216 LIVE, LIFESTYLE CHANGES, 4482 03:13:21,216 --> 03:13:21,850 BIRTHING PROCESS, INFANT, 4483 03:13:21,850 --> 03:13:23,085 STRESS, AND THIS IS IMPORTANT 4484 03:13:23,085 --> 03:13:26,588 BACK TO FRANCIS COLLINS' POINT, 4485 03:13:26,588 --> 03:13:27,289 SEX DIFFERENCES. 4486 03:13:27,289 --> 03:13:28,757 THIS IS WHAT WE CAME INTO. 4487 03:13:28,757 --> 03:13:30,626 I WANT TO POINT OUT SOMETHING 4488 03:13:30,626 --> 03:13:31,927 ABOUT THIS MICROBIOME. 4489 03:13:31,927 --> 03:13:34,596 I TALK ABOUT TERMINOLOGY. 4490 03:13:34,596 --> 03:13:39,034 MICROBIOME REFERS TO THE BASE OF 4491 03:13:39,034 --> 03:13:42,137 THE GENES, MICROBIOTA A 4492 03:13:42,137 --> 03:13:43,872 DENIZENS, CITIZENS, RESIDENTS OF 4493 03:13:43,872 --> 03:13:45,007 OUR GUT. 4494 03:13:45,007 --> 03:13:52,948 I'LL SUMMARIZE NUMBERS. 4495 03:13:52,948 --> 03:13:54,650 ABOUT 90% OF DISEASES ARE 4496 03:13:54,650 --> 03:13:57,119 ATTRIBUTED TO CHANGES IN THE 4497 03:13:57,119 --> 03:13:57,419 MICROBIOME. 4498 03:13:57,419 --> 03:14:01,523 THEY ARE SMALL BUT HAVE 4499 03:14:01,523 --> 03:14:02,124 3.3 MILLION GENES COMPARED TO 4500 03:14:02,124 --> 03:14:04,860 22,000 IN THE HUMAN GENOME. 4501 03:14:04,860 --> 03:14:06,061 IT'S NOT SURPRISING THEY CAN 4502 03:14:06,061 --> 03:14:16,538 HAVE HUGE INFLUENCES ON US. 4503 03:14:17,606 --> 03:14:20,843 99.9% GENTSICS SIM LAR BUT IN 4504 03:14:20,843 --> 03:14:21,743 THE GUT THEY DIFFER. 4505 03:14:21,743 --> 03:14:23,011 THIS IS WHERE PRECISION MEDICINE 4506 03:14:23,011 --> 03:14:23,579 IS IMPORTANT. 4507 03:14:23,579 --> 03:14:25,113 GOING BACK TO SEX DIFFERENCES, 4508 03:14:25,113 --> 03:14:30,786 WHERE YOU LIVE, THIS CAN PLAY ON 4509 03:14:30,786 --> 03:14:31,987 GUT MICROBIOTA. 4510 03:14:31,987 --> 03:14:34,857 GUT MICROBIOTA CAN INFLUENCE 4511 03:14:34,857 --> 03:14:37,559 LIVER, BRAIN, LUNG, PANCREAS, 4512 03:14:37,559 --> 03:14:39,094 INTESTINE, KIDNEY, NOT ALL THE 4513 03:14:39,094 --> 03:14:42,631 ORGANS KNOWN TO DATE. 4514 03:14:42,631 --> 03:14:44,800 WE CAN AFFECT COUNT AND 4515 03:14:44,800 --> 03:14:48,837 RESISTANCE AND INFLAMMATORY 4516 03:14:48,837 --> 03:14:49,271 INFLAMMATORY 4517 03:14:49,271 --> 03:14:50,072 RESPONSE AND METABOLITES. 4518 03:14:50,072 --> 03:14:54,443 IT WAS WELL KNOWN YEARS AGO FOR 4519 03:14:54,443 --> 03:14:56,612 PRODUCTION OF VITAMIN B 1, MANY 4520 03:14:56,612 --> 03:14:57,813 METABOLITES ARE DEPENDENT. 4521 03:14:57,813 --> 03:15:04,586 WE HAVE TO DEPEND ON OUR GUT 4522 03:15:04,586 --> 03:15:14,796 MICROBIOTA. 4523 03:15:17,833 --> 03:15:22,004 THEY MAKE UM NEUROTRANSMITTERS, 4524 03:15:22,004 --> 03:15:27,276 THE GERM-FREE MICE DON'T HAVE 4525 03:15:27,276 --> 03:15:27,676 MICROBIOTA. 4526 03:15:27,676 --> 03:15:29,912 THOSE MICE THAT LACK GUT 4527 03:15:29,912 --> 03:15:34,383 MICROBIOTA HAVE NUMEROUS 4528 03:15:34,383 --> 03:15:34,716 DIFFERENCES. 4529 03:15:34,716 --> 03:15:43,892 YOU CAN SEE CHANGES IN STRESS 4530 03:15:43,892 --> 03:15:44,426 RESPONSE, ACETYLCHOLINE, 4531 03:15:44,426 --> 03:15:46,528 GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS, YOU 4532 03:15:46,528 --> 03:15:49,698 CAN SEE DIFFERENCES IN 4533 03:15:49,698 --> 03:15:50,499 ANXIETY-LIKE BEHAVIOR, COGNITIVE 4534 03:15:50,499 --> 03:15:53,635 DEFICITS, ULTRA SOCIAL WITH 4535 03:15:53,635 --> 03:15:56,505 SOCIAL TESTING, INCREASED 4536 03:15:56,505 --> 03:15:57,906 STEREOTYPIC OR REPETITIVE 4537 03:15:57,906 --> 03:15:59,341 BEHAVIORS SIMILAR TO 4538 03:15:59,341 --> 03:16:02,277 AUTISTIC-LIKE BEHAVIORS. 4539 03:16:02,277 --> 03:16:03,178 AGAIN, CHANGES IN 4540 03:16:03,178 --> 03:16:04,813 NEUROTRANSMITTERS INCLUDING ONE 4541 03:16:04,813 --> 03:16:06,915 THAT I'M INTERESTED IN, 4542 03:16:06,915 --> 03:16:11,687 SEROTONIN MA METABOLISM. 4543 03:16:11,687 --> 03:16:14,122 THEY CAN AFFECT OUR METABOLISM. 4544 03:16:14,122 --> 03:16:17,626 AGAIN, THIS IS IMPORTANT, WE 4545 03:16:17,626 --> 03:16:20,596 HAVE THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, 4546 03:16:20,596 --> 03:16:22,331 THE MIKE ROW BIOTA CAN AFFECT 4547 03:16:22,331 --> 03:16:28,904 THAT AND MAKE US MORE PRONE TO 4548 03:16:28,904 --> 03:16:29,638 GENETIC DISEASES. 4549 03:16:29,638 --> 03:16:32,174 I SUMMARIZE SOME OF THE WAYS 4550 03:16:32,174 --> 03:16:37,112 THESE GUT MICROBIOTA CAN AFFECT 4551 03:16:37,112 --> 03:16:39,414 US, THE HOST, NEUROTRANSMITTERS, 4552 03:16:39,414 --> 03:16:42,818 PRODUCTION OF INFLAMMATORY 4553 03:16:42,818 --> 03:16:47,222 CYTOKINES AND MICROBIOTA, SHORT 4554 03:16:47,222 --> 03:16:49,958 CHAIN FATTY ACIDS BIKE BUTYRIC 4555 03:16:49,958 --> 03:16:51,159 ACID THAT CAN INDUCE EPIGENETIC 4556 03:16:51,159 --> 03:16:52,828 CHANGES IN US. 4557 03:16:52,828 --> 03:16:55,998 WITH THIS IN MIND, I DON'T KNOW 4558 03:16:55,998 --> 03:16:59,267 WHY, PREVIOUS TO OUR STUDY 4559 03:16:59,267 --> 03:17:00,469 PEOPLE HADN'T CONSIDERED 4560 03:17:00,469 --> 03:17:01,703 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 4561 03:17:01,703 --> 03:17:03,805 THEY CONSIDERED STRESS, DIET. 4562 03:17:03,805 --> 03:17:06,408 WHY DON'T WE SEE, WE HAD BEEN 4563 03:17:06,408 --> 03:17:14,316 DOING THIS WITH BPA, GENESTINE, 4564 03:17:14,316 --> 03:17:17,252 ESTRADIOL, HOW THEY CAN AFFECT 4565 03:17:17,252 --> 03:17:21,523 SELF BEHAVIOR, AND WE HAD 4566 03:17:21,523 --> 03:17:30,932 GENESTINE, LOW AND HIGH DOSE 4567 03:17:30,932 --> 03:17:32,200 BPA. 4568 03:17:32,200 --> 03:17:34,870 YOU CAN SEE CALIFORNIA MOUSE 4569 03:17:34,870 --> 03:17:38,173 MODEL, DID AFFECT SOCIAL BEE 4570 03:17:38,173 --> 03:17:47,015 HAINES, GENESTEIN HAVING EFFECT 4571 03:17:47,015 --> 03:17:48,984 THERE, VOCALIZATIONS, CHANGES IN 4572 03:17:48,984 --> 03:17:50,519 REARING AND HEAD DIPPING 4573 03:17:50,519 --> 03:17:51,286 RESPONSE. 4574 03:17:51,286 --> 03:17:54,356 THAT WAS ONE ASPECT. 4575 03:17:54,356 --> 03:17:56,758 BUT BPA CAN DIRECT EFFECTS ON 4576 03:17:56,758 --> 03:17:57,192 THE BRAIN. 4577 03:17:57,192 --> 03:18:00,395 YOU WANT TO COME INTO IT TO SEE, 4578 03:18:00,395 --> 03:18:08,303 WELL, DOES IT INDUCE DIFFERENCES 4579 03:18:08,303 --> 03:18:09,905 IN THE GUT MICROBIOTA, AND ARE 4580 03:18:09,905 --> 03:18:12,574 THEY SEX DIFFERENT? 4581 03:18:12,574 --> 03:18:15,177 THIS IS ONE STUDY IN FEMALES. 4582 03:18:15,177 --> 03:18:21,316 AT THE TOP, MALES AT THE BOTTOM. 4583 03:18:21,316 --> 03:18:23,051 GENESTEIN AND BP AEROBICS. 4584 03:18:23,051 --> 03:18:26,354 WHAT'S THE KEY SUMMARY FROM 4585 03:18:26,354 --> 03:18:31,827 THIS, WE DID GET CHANGES IN GUT 4586 03:18:31,827 --> 03:18:36,298 MICROBIOTA FOLLOWING 4587 03:18:36,298 --> 03:18:38,166 DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO 4588 03:18:38,166 --> 03:18:42,671 GENESTEIN AND BPI. 4589 03:18:42,671 --> 03:18:44,506 COLLECTING THE FECAL BOLI, IT 4590 03:18:44,506 --> 03:18:46,274 WAS ADULTHOOD, NOT EVEN AT 4591 03:18:46,274 --> 03:18:47,809 BIRTH, THIS IS ADULTHOOD. 4592 03:18:47,809 --> 03:18:52,280 SO CHANGES IN THE GUT MICROBIOTA 4593 03:18:52,280 --> 03:18:53,915 ARE PERSISTENT AND LIKELY LONG 4594 03:18:53,915 --> 03:18:54,583 TERM. 4595 03:18:54,583 --> 03:18:59,054 YOU CAN SEE NOT ONLY DOES THE 4596 03:18:59,054 --> 03:19:05,093 ESTROGEN, WHETHER GENESTEIN OR 4597 03:19:05,093 --> 03:19:08,830 BPI, SEX PLAYS A ROLE, AS TO 4598 03:19:08,830 --> 03:19:14,736 WHAT TYPE OF MICROBIOTA CHANGES 4599 03:19:14,736 --> 03:19:18,240 WE'RE SEEING. 4600 03:19:18,240 --> 03:19:20,308 WE CONSIDERED METABOLITES. 4601 03:19:20,308 --> 03:19:22,277 I'M GOING TO SHOW FOR 4602 03:19:22,277 --> 03:19:25,547 ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES THIS IS 4603 03:19:25,547 --> 03:19:28,617 ONE, LOW DOSE BPA FEMALES, 4604 03:19:28,617 --> 03:19:31,253 VERSUS ESTROGEN FREE, HE CAN SEE 4605 03:19:31,253 --> 03:19:32,687 LOTS OF METABOLITE DIFFERENCES 4606 03:19:32,687 --> 03:19:36,825 IN THESE GUYS WHETHER THEY BE 4607 03:19:36,825 --> 03:19:39,127 EXPOSED TO THE BPA, SOME WITH 4608 03:19:39,127 --> 03:19:45,000 GENESTEIN AND HIGH DOSE BPA. 4609 03:19:45,000 --> 03:19:48,904 YOU CAN SEE MANY CHANGES. 4610 03:19:48,904 --> 03:19:51,273 THESE METABOLITES, ARE THEY ALL 4611 03:19:51,273 --> 03:19:52,174 BACTERIALLY DERIVED OR HOST? 4612 03:19:52,174 --> 03:19:53,508 THAT'S SOMETHING WE HAVE TO WORK 4613 03:19:53,508 --> 03:19:54,476 ON FURTHER. 4614 03:19:54,476 --> 03:19:57,879 NOW WHAT WE WANTED TO DO, THIS 4615 03:19:57,879 --> 03:19:59,414 IS MORE COMPLICATED, INTEGRATE 4616 03:19:59,414 --> 03:20:01,950 ALL OF THESE RESULTS TOGETHER. 4617 03:20:01,950 --> 03:20:04,319 SO, WE'VE GOT GUT MICROBIOTA 4618 03:20:04,319 --> 03:20:05,887 CHANGES, METABOLITE CHANGES, AND 4619 03:20:05,887 --> 03:20:07,289 IN THIS CASE BEHAVIORAL CHANGES. 4620 03:20:07,289 --> 03:20:11,026 YOU CAN DO THIS FOR ANY STUDIES 4621 03:20:11,026 --> 03:20:13,962 IF YOU'RE CONSIDERING HOW THE 4622 03:20:13,962 --> 03:20:15,931 GUT MICROBIOTA MIGHT INFLUENCE 4623 03:20:15,931 --> 03:20:17,032 PHENOTYPE. 4624 03:20:17,032 --> 03:20:19,734 WE HAVE THE VOCALIZATION 4625 03:20:19,734 --> 03:20:20,969 BEHAVIOR AND SOCIALIZATION, A 4626 03:20:20,969 --> 03:20:22,170 MIX OMICS ANALYSIS. 4627 03:20:22,170 --> 03:20:26,775 NOT JUST COMPARING TWO TWO 4628 03:20:26,775 --> 03:20:28,210 CATEGORIES, YOU COMPARE MANY 4629 03:20:28,210 --> 03:20:30,478 CATEGORIES AND YOU CAN SEE HOW 4630 03:20:30,478 --> 03:20:32,047 DO THEY CORRELATE. 4631 03:20:32,047 --> 03:20:40,355 THIS CORRELATION IS NOT 4632 03:20:40,355 --> 03:20:41,456 CAUSATION. 4633 03:20:41,456 --> 03:20:42,657 POSITIVE CORRELATION IN RED, 4634 03:20:42,657 --> 03:20:45,594 INVERSE IN BLUE. 4635 03:20:45,594 --> 03:20:47,028 CLEARLY, THE MICROBIOME IS 4636 03:20:47,028 --> 03:20:48,797 HAVING INTERRELATIONSHIPS WITH 4637 03:20:48,797 --> 03:20:50,265 CHANGES IN THE METABOLOME AND 4638 03:20:50,265 --> 03:20:55,270 WITH CHANGES IN THE BEHAVIOR. 4639 03:20:55,270 --> 03:20:58,006 THESE CAN BE FURTHER PURSUED 4640 03:20:58,006 --> 03:21:05,380 INTO CAUSATION BY OTHER MOUSE 4641 03:21:05,380 --> 03:21:08,016 MODELS, SPECIFICALLY WITHOUT 4642 03:21:08,016 --> 03:21:09,217 MICROBIOME OR COLLECTIVE FECAL 4643 03:21:09,217 --> 03:21:09,985 TRANSFER. 4644 03:21:09,985 --> 03:21:13,255 IF WE TAKE THE FECAL SAMPLES 4645 03:21:13,255 --> 03:21:16,157 FROM ONES EXPOSED TO BPA OR 4646 03:21:16,157 --> 03:21:19,628 GENESTEIN AND PUT THEM IN 4647 03:21:19,628 --> 03:21:21,029 WILDTYPE CONTROL WOULD THE 4648 03:21:21,029 --> 03:21:27,402 PHENOTYPE CARRY ALONG IN A THAT 4649 03:21:27,402 --> 03:21:29,571 WOULD BE CAUSATION. 4650 03:21:29,571 --> 03:21:31,439 MAINTAINING THOSE MICE IS NOT 4651 03:21:31,439 --> 03:21:33,642 EASY BUT YOU CAN ESTABLISH 4652 03:21:33,642 --> 03:21:34,009 CAUSATION. 4653 03:21:34,009 --> 03:21:38,880 WITH MIX OMICS ANALYSIS WE CAN 4654 03:21:38,880 --> 03:21:39,881 ESTABLISH CORRELATION IN 4655 03:21:39,881 --> 03:21:41,082 MICROBIOME CHANGES AND OTHER 4656 03:21:41,082 --> 03:21:43,818 ONES AS WELL. 4657 03:21:43,818 --> 03:21:45,921 PHENOTYPE AND METABOLITE 4658 03:21:45,921 --> 03:21:46,288 CHANGES. 4659 03:21:46,288 --> 03:21:50,292 SO, THIS IS -- IF I CONSIDER IT 4660 03:21:50,292 --> 03:21:51,726 THE TRIAD, ENVIRONMENTAL 4661 03:21:51,726 --> 03:21:54,029 CHEMICAL EXPOSURES, A HOST, US, 4662 03:21:54,029 --> 03:21:56,531 WITH GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC, AND 4663 03:21:56,531 --> 03:21:59,601 YOU HAVE THE GUT MICROBIOME, GUT 4664 03:21:59,601 --> 03:22:01,469 MICRO BIOTIC CHANGES. 4665 03:22:01,469 --> 03:22:08,610 I WOULD PROPOSE WE DON'T CONCERN 4666 03:22:08,610 --> 03:22:10,545 JUST ENDOCRINE CHEMICALS. 4667 03:22:10,545 --> 03:22:15,617 TO BE INCLUSIVE THERE SHOULD BE 4668 03:22:15,617 --> 03:22:16,251 HOST-MICROBIOME DISRUPTING 4669 03:22:16,251 --> 03:22:17,352 CHEMICALS, IT'S NOT JUST 4670 03:22:17,352 --> 03:22:20,088 AFFECTING US AND NOT JUST THE 4671 03:22:20,088 --> 03:22:21,089 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM. 4672 03:22:21,089 --> 03:22:22,624 GUT MICROBIOTA UNFORTUNATELY ARE 4673 03:22:22,624 --> 03:22:25,694 ALSO EXPOSED TO THESE CHEMICALS 4674 03:22:25,694 --> 03:22:26,995 WE'RE EXPOSED TO. 4675 03:22:26,995 --> 03:22:28,730 SO, I WANT TO TALK ABOUT 4676 03:22:28,730 --> 03:22:34,536 SOMETHING I DO WHEN I'M NOT IN 4677 03:22:34,536 --> 03:22:36,404 THE LAB, TO PHOTOGRAPH ALL 4678 03:22:36,404 --> 03:22:39,474 10,000 BIRDS IN THE WORLD. 4679 03:22:39,474 --> 03:22:40,775 10,000, I'M AT 1400. 4680 03:22:40,775 --> 03:22:42,444 I'VE GOT A WAYS TO GO. 4681 03:22:42,444 --> 03:22:45,847 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT ONE. 4682 03:22:45,847 --> 03:22:48,483 THIS IS THE CUBAN TOTE 'EM. 4683 03:22:48,483 --> 03:22:50,452 IT'S A VERY CUTE LITTLE BIRD THE 4684 03:22:50,452 --> 03:22:53,054 SIZE OF A HUMMINGBIRD. 4685 03:22:53,054 --> 03:22:59,861 MY BEST IMITATION, THIS IS NO 4686 03:22:59,861 --> 03:23:02,130 HUMMINGBIRD, SIR DAVEN ATENBORO. 4687 03:23:02,130 --> 03:23:06,601 WOULD HIS STEALTH SMALL SIZE AND 4688 03:23:06,601 --> 03:23:10,872 BEAK HAD ALMOST 100% ACCURACY IN 4689 03:23:10,872 --> 03:23:15,577 GETTING ANY INSECT. 4690 03:23:15,577 --> 03:23:16,544 >> WE HAVE SPANISH TRANSLATORS 4691 03:23:16,544 --> 03:23:19,614 WHO WOULD LIKE US TO SLOW DOWN 4692 03:23:19,614 --> 03:23:20,882 SPEAKING. 4693 03:23:20,882 --> 03:23:21,383 >> OKAY. 4694 03:23:21,383 --> 03:23:22,984 MY APOLOGIES. 4695 03:23:22,984 --> 03:23:26,388 SO BASICALLY THE CUBAN TOTE 'EM, 4696 03:23:26,388 --> 03:23:28,056 HE'S SMALL, VERY CUTE. 4697 03:23:28,056 --> 03:23:38,199 HE HAS ABILITY TO CATCH INSECTS, 4698 03:23:38,199 --> 03:23:39,401 USING STEALTH AND CHOPSTICK 4699 03:23:39,401 --> 03:23:41,836 BREAKS TO GET ANY INSECT HE 4700 03:23:41,836 --> 03:23:42,237 WANTS. 4701 03:23:42,237 --> 03:23:44,906 THIS COULD PUT YOUR BIG TIGERS, 4702 03:23:44,906 --> 03:23:46,441 LIONS TO SHAME. 4703 03:23:46,441 --> 03:23:49,177 THEY ONLY HAVE 10% ACCURACY TO 4704 03:23:49,177 --> 03:23:50,045 GET PREY. 4705 03:23:50,045 --> 03:23:52,347 SO WHAT I'M SAYING TO YOU HERE 4706 03:23:52,347 --> 03:23:54,983 TODAY WE NEED TO STOP THIS TOOTH 4707 03:23:54,983 --> 03:23:59,154 AND CLAW APPROACH TRYING TO DEAL 4708 03:23:59,154 --> 03:24:00,688 WITH ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING 4709 03:24:00,688 --> 03:24:02,323 CHEMICALS AND TRY REPROGRAM A 4710 03:24:02,323 --> 03:24:04,959 BRAIN OR LIVER. 4711 03:24:04,959 --> 03:24:09,230 IT'S NOT POSSIBLE TO LIMIT ALL 4712 03:24:09,230 --> 03:24:10,765 EXPOSURES AND DIFFICULT TO 4713 03:24:10,765 --> 03:24:12,067 REPROGRAM ORGAN AFTER ITS 4714 03:24:12,067 --> 03:24:15,370 ALREADY GONE THROUGH ALL THAT. 4715 03:24:15,370 --> 03:24:19,174 BUT WE CAN TAP INTO THE FACT WE 4716 03:24:19,174 --> 03:24:21,376 HAVES THEY GUT MICROBIOTA, 4717 03:24:21,376 --> 03:24:31,753 WORKING WITH US, LET'S UTILIZE 4718 03:24:31,753 --> 03:24:31,986 THAT. 4719 03:24:31,986 --> 03:24:35,824 EMILYIC DICKINSON, HOPE IS A 4720 03:24:35,824 --> 03:24:36,724 THINGS WITH FEATHERS. 4721 03:24:36,724 --> 03:24:40,962 NO OFFENSE, HOPE IS A THING WITH 4722 03:24:40,962 --> 03:24:45,567 A GUT MICROBIOME. 4723 03:24:45,567 --> 03:24:51,806 WALT WHITMAN, I AM LARGE, I CAN 4724 03:24:51,806 --> 03:24:53,775 USE MULTITUDES. 4725 03:24:53,775 --> 03:24:55,743 WE UTILIZE SMALL ORGANISMS THAT 4726 03:24:55,743 --> 03:24:57,278 CAN HAVE HUGE INFLUENCES ON ALL 4727 03:24:57,278 --> 03:25:00,248 OF OUR ORGANS TO TRY TO IMPROVE 4728 03:25:00,248 --> 03:25:01,549 OUTCOMES, GOING BACK TO THE 4729 03:25:01,549 --> 03:25:07,889 PREVIOUS SESSION OF HOW DO WE 4730 03:25:07,889 --> 03:25:08,790 DEAL WITH ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING 4731 03:25:08,790 --> 03:25:09,858 CHEMICALS AFTER THE FACT. 4732 03:25:09,858 --> 03:25:12,260 I'M NOT THE FIRST AND WON'T BE 4733 03:25:12,260 --> 03:25:16,297 THE LAST TO PUT THIS FORWARD. 4734 03:25:16,297 --> 03:25:19,367 WHAT WE CAN DO, BASICALLY LIKE 4735 03:25:19,367 --> 03:25:21,569 THE LEAF CUTTER HANDS, THEY 4736 03:25:21,569 --> 03:25:23,304 COLLECT LEAVES, THEY JUST BRING 4737 03:25:23,304 --> 03:25:26,241 THEM BACK TO THEIR AREA TO 4738 03:25:26,241 --> 03:25:28,676 CULTIVATE THE FUNGI AND THEN EAT 4739 03:25:28,676 --> 03:25:29,310 THE FUNGI. 4740 03:25:29,310 --> 03:25:34,682 WE CAN ACT ON THAT PRINCIPLE, 4741 03:25:34,682 --> 03:25:35,783 BASICALLY ALTER OUR PRE-BIOTICS, 4742 03:25:35,783 --> 03:25:39,487 THAT WOULD THEN HELP IN TERMS OF 4743 03:25:39,487 --> 03:25:41,122 NOURISHMENT OF GUT MICROBIOTA 4744 03:25:41,122 --> 03:25:42,891 AND PROVIDE BETTER BACTERIA FOR 4745 03:25:42,891 --> 03:25:43,424 US. 4746 03:25:43,424 --> 03:25:46,494 WE CAN ALTER GUT MICROBIOME 4747 03:25:46,494 --> 03:25:47,695 THROUGH PROBIOTICS. 4748 03:25:47,695 --> 03:25:50,331 OR ANOTHER OPTION, WE CAN USE 4749 03:25:50,331 --> 03:25:52,400 THE FACT SOME GUT METABOLITES 4750 03:25:52,400 --> 03:25:55,003 CAN INDUCE DISEASE CHANGES SUCH 4751 03:25:55,003 --> 03:25:55,770 AS BEHAVIOR AND OTHER RESPONSES, 4752 03:25:55,770 --> 03:25:59,107 AND THAT WOULD BE A POST-BIOTIC 4753 03:25:59,107 --> 03:26:01,042 APPROACH, GIVE PEOPLE BACK 4754 03:26:01,042 --> 03:26:03,011 METABOLITES IN DEFICIT. 4755 03:26:03,011 --> 03:26:06,114 WE CAN PUT FORWARD IDEA OF FECAL 4756 03:26:06,114 --> 03:26:07,415 MICROBIAL TRANSFER FROM HEALTHY 4757 03:26:07,415 --> 03:26:15,290 INDIVIDUALS TO THE DISEASED 4758 03:26:15,290 --> 03:26:19,360 INDIVIDUALS. 4759 03:26:19,360 --> 03:26:22,530 FECAL MICROBIAL TRANSFER, SARGE 4760 03:26:22,530 --> 03:26:23,631 THERAPY, ENGINEER BACTERIA, 4761 03:26:23,631 --> 03:26:26,100 MAYBE PUT BACK GENES IN DEFICIT 4762 03:26:26,100 --> 03:26:27,869 IN MICROORGANISMS TO HELP WITH 4763 03:26:27,869 --> 03:26:32,373 THE HOSTS THEMSELVES AND LASTLY 4764 03:26:32,373 --> 03:26:35,109 MIGHT CONSIDER LIVE 4765 03:26:35,109 --> 03:26:35,777 BIOTHERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS. 4766 03:26:35,777 --> 03:26:40,381 I'M SORRY IF I WENT FAST. 4767 03:26:40,381 --> 03:26:41,015 I DO APOLOGIZE. 4768 03:26:41,015 --> 03:26:43,218 I'D LIKE TO -- I DO TALK FAST. 4769 03:26:43,218 --> 03:26:45,053 I THANK ALL THE PEOPLE INVOLVED. 4770 03:26:45,053 --> 03:26:47,655 I WANT TO POINT OUT ACTUALLY 4771 03:26:47,655 --> 03:26:49,457 THIS IS MORE INCREDIBLE TO YOU 4772 03:26:49,457 --> 03:26:51,993 GUYS, THE ONES I'M LISTING HERE, 4773 03:26:51,993 --> 03:26:55,630 FIRST AUTHORS ON THOSE PAPERS, 4774 03:26:55,630 --> 03:26:56,564 WEREN'T GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES, 4775 03:26:56,564 --> 03:27:00,034 THEY WERE UNDERGRADS. 4776 03:27:00,034 --> 03:27:03,171 MY FORMER STUDENT, A RESIDENT 4777 03:27:03,171 --> 03:27:04,672 NOW IN INTERNAL MEDICINE, SHE 4778 03:27:04,672 --> 03:27:07,542 WON, BECAUSE OF THIS WORK, 4779 03:27:07,542 --> 03:27:10,678 OVERTOOK GRADUATE STUDENTS AND 4780 03:27:10,678 --> 03:27:12,580 POSTDOCS AND WON OUR INTERNAL 4781 03:27:12,580 --> 03:27:14,949 AWARD THAT YEAR SHE PRESENTED 4782 03:27:14,949 --> 03:27:16,050 IT. 4783 03:27:16,050 --> 03:27:17,952 MANY OF THESE ARE UNDERGRADUATES 4784 03:27:17,952 --> 03:27:22,290 FIRST AUTHORS AND BY THEIR OWN 4785 03:27:22,290 --> 03:27:24,259 INITIATIVE PUSHING ME, WE GOT 4786 03:27:24,259 --> 03:27:25,059 THESE STUDIES DONE. 4787 03:27:25,059 --> 03:27:28,663 I WANT TO THANK MY 4788 03:27:28,663 --> 03:27:30,531 COLLABORATORS, GENOMICS CORE 4789 03:27:30,531 --> 03:27:32,033 FACILITY AT UNIVERSITY OF 4790 03:27:32,033 --> 03:27:39,707 MISSOURI, AND THE FUNDING AT THE 4791 03:27:39,707 --> 03:27:40,575 TIME. 4792 03:27:40,575 --> 03:27:41,542 THANK YOU. 4793 03:27:41,542 --> 03:27:45,213 >> THANK YOU. 4794 03:27:45,213 --> 03:27:50,785 I'M A SUPPORTER OF THAT. 4795 03:27:50,785 --> 03:27:51,986 WE'RE GOING TO HOLD QUESTIONS TO 4796 03:27:51,986 --> 03:27:54,822 THE END. 4797 03:27:54,822 --> 03:28:01,496 NOW I'M ASKING DR. THACKRAY TO 4798 03:28:01,496 --> 03:28:03,031 BEGIN HER PRESENTATION. 4799 03:28:03,031 --> 03:28:06,301 WE HAVE THE SPANISH TRANSLATORS, 4800 03:28:06,301 --> 03:28:07,735 BE MIND, GO SLOW DOWN THE 4801 03:28:07,735 --> 03:28:08,002 SPEAKING. 4802 03:28:08,002 --> 03:28:10,004 >> ONE THING THAT WILL HELP ME 4803 03:28:10,004 --> 03:28:14,075 SLOW DOWN, I'LL SAY NEXT SLIDE 4804 03:28:14,075 --> 03:28:15,677 TO ADVANCE SLIDES INSTEAD OF 4805 03:28:15,677 --> 03:28:19,347 ADVANCING MYSELF. 4806 03:28:19,347 --> 03:28:20,448 THANK YOU FOR THE INTRODUCTION. 4807 03:28:20,448 --> 03:28:22,950 IT'S A GREAT WAY TO TRANSITION 4808 03:28:22,950 --> 03:28:24,252 TO TALKING SPECIFICALLY ABOUT 4809 03:28:24,252 --> 03:28:28,423 SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE GUT 4810 03:28:28,423 --> 03:28:29,924 MICROBIOME AND IMPLICATIONS FOR 4811 03:28:29,924 --> 03:28:33,761 EDC MED GAGES -- MITIGATION. 4812 03:28:33,761 --> 03:28:35,663 I'M GOING TO GET INTO THE 4813 03:28:35,663 --> 03:28:42,236 IMPLICATIONS AT THE END. 4814 03:28:42,236 --> 03:28:45,273 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 4815 03:28:45,273 --> 03:28:45,606 GREAT. 4816 03:28:45,606 --> 03:28:46,908 THERE'S NOW -- TWENTY YEARS 4817 03:28:46,908 --> 03:28:54,148 SINCE THE HUMAN MIGHT BE -- 4818 03:28:54,148 --> 03:28:56,784 MICROBIOME STARTED AT NIH, 4819 03:28:56,784 --> 03:28:57,819 NOTING SEX DIFFERENCES IN MEN 4820 03:28:57,819 --> 03:29:00,321 AND WOMEN IN THE PROJECT, 4821 03:29:00,321 --> 03:29:01,622 INCLUDING THE GUT MICROBIOME BUT 4822 03:29:01,622 --> 03:29:04,525 DIDN'T TALK MUCH ABOUT IT. 4823 03:29:04,525 --> 03:29:06,961 SO FOR MANY YEARS PEOPLE WHEN 4824 03:29:06,961 --> 03:29:08,696 TALKING ABOUT THE MATURATION OF 4825 03:29:08,696 --> 03:29:11,032 THE GUT MICROBIOME WOULD TALK 4826 03:29:11,032 --> 03:29:12,934 ABOUT RAPID MATURATION OCCURRING 4827 03:29:12,934 --> 03:29:15,770 AFTER THE BABY WAS BORN, WHOLE 4828 03:29:15,770 --> 03:29:18,106 BUNCH OF THINGS HAPPENING, AND 4829 03:29:18,106 --> 03:29:19,941 WOULD SAY, OH, ROUGHLY WHEN THEY 4830 03:29:19,941 --> 03:29:22,377 GET TO 3 TO 4 YEARS OF AGE THEIR 4831 03:29:22,377 --> 03:29:27,515 MIGHT BE -- THE MICROBIOME LOOKS 4832 03:29:27,515 --> 03:29:29,283 LIKE AN ADULT MICROBIOME. 4833 03:29:29,283 --> 03:29:31,018 WHAT ABOUT PUBERTY? 4834 03:29:31,018 --> 03:29:32,453 WHAT ABOUT SEXUAL MATURATION, 4835 03:29:32,453 --> 03:29:35,089 HOW IS THAT AFFECTING THE 4836 03:29:35,089 --> 03:29:35,390 MICROBIOME? 4837 03:29:35,390 --> 03:29:37,492 OVER THE YEARS, FOLKS HAVE 4838 03:29:37,492 --> 03:29:39,894 LOOKED IN RODENT MODELS, ALSO 4839 03:29:39,894 --> 03:29:42,864 LOOKED IN HUMANS, THERE'S NOW A 4840 03:29:42,864 --> 03:29:43,731 PRETTY GOOD EVIDENCE SUGGESTING 4841 03:29:43,731 --> 03:29:46,033 THAT THERE ARE SEX DIFFERENCES 4842 03:29:46,033 --> 03:29:47,335 IN THE GUT MICROBIOME. 4843 03:29:47,335 --> 03:29:50,104 I WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT FROM A 4844 03:29:50,104 --> 03:29:52,273 REVIEW RECENTLY UP ON THE LEFT, 4845 03:29:52,273 --> 03:29:56,644 THE LIFE STAGE, VERY EARLY ON IN 4846 03:29:56,644 --> 03:29:58,613 CHILDHOOD, AND THEN PUBERTY, 4847 03:29:58,613 --> 03:30:00,448 YOUNG AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD, VERY 4848 03:30:00,448 --> 03:30:02,650 LITTLE EVIDENCE OF SEX 4849 03:30:02,650 --> 03:30:04,085 DIFFERENCES BEFORE PUBERTY. 4850 03:30:04,085 --> 03:30:06,154 A COUPLE CITATIONS HERE THAT I 4851 03:30:06,154 --> 03:30:08,256 INCLUDED THAT LOOKED AT THIS. 4852 03:30:08,256 --> 03:30:11,392 THERE ARE SOME THEN CITATIONS 4853 03:30:11,392 --> 03:30:13,361 WITH INDIVIDUALS GOING THROUGH 4854 03:30:13,361 --> 03:30:15,763 PUBERTY, SHOWING THERE STARTS TO 4855 03:30:15,763 --> 03:30:18,433 BE SEX DIFFERENCES IN BETA 4856 03:30:18,433 --> 03:30:20,601 DIVERSITY, WHICH IS THE 4857 03:30:20,601 --> 03:30:21,936 BASICALLY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 4858 03:30:21,936 --> 03:30:23,905 FECAL SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENT 4859 03:30:23,905 --> 03:30:24,238 INDIVIDUALS. 4860 03:30:24,238 --> 03:30:32,447 SO LIKE THE OVERALL CHANGES IN 4861 03:30:32,447 --> 03:30:34,015 MICROBIAL ABUNDANCE ASSESSED BY 4862 03:30:34,015 --> 03:30:37,385 16 SRNA SEQUENCING, TOP LEFT, AS 4863 03:30:37,385 --> 03:30:39,554 WELL AS METAGENOMICS, WHICH IS 4864 03:30:39,554 --> 03:30:42,423 BULK SEQUENCING OF THE DNA OR 4865 03:30:42,423 --> 03:30:44,859 METABOLOMICS WHICH CHERYL 4866 03:30:44,859 --> 03:30:45,493 ALLUDED TO. 4867 03:30:45,493 --> 03:30:47,995 WHEN YOU GET TO YOUNG AND MIDDLE 4868 03:30:47,995 --> 03:30:50,798 ADULTHOOD THERE ARE QUITE A FEW 4869 03:30:50,798 --> 03:30:53,034 REFERENCES, BUILDING ALL THE 4870 03:30:53,034 --> 03:30:55,336 TIME, THAT FEMALES HAVE HIGHER 4871 03:30:55,336 --> 03:30:57,939 ALPHA DIVERSITY THAN MALES, SO 4872 03:30:57,939 --> 03:31:00,141 THIS SUGGESTS THE BIORICHNESS IN 4873 03:31:00,141 --> 03:31:02,443 WOMEN IS HIGHER AS THEY COME 4874 03:31:02,443 --> 03:31:04,946 INTO YOUNG AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD. 4875 03:31:04,946 --> 03:31:07,248 AND THEN THERE'S ALSO SEX 4876 03:31:07,248 --> 03:31:08,683 DIFFERENCES IN BETA DIVERSITY, 4877 03:31:08,683 --> 03:31:10,651 INDICATED ON THE BOTTOM, LOTS OF 4878 03:31:10,651 --> 03:31:13,154 REFERENCES SUGGESTING THIS. 4879 03:31:13,154 --> 03:31:16,457 THIS IS OVERALL COMPOSITIONAL 4880 03:31:16,457 --> 03:31:18,860 DIFFERENCES, WHETHER IT'S LOOKED 4881 03:31:18,860 --> 03:31:21,395 AT BY 16S SEQUENCING OR LOOKING 4882 03:31:21,395 --> 03:31:23,064 AT THE METABOLITES ON THE RIGHT. 4883 03:31:23,064 --> 03:31:24,899 THERE'S A REFERENCE FOR THAT. 4884 03:31:24,899 --> 03:31:26,434 THERE'S A LOT OF SUGGESTION 4885 03:31:26,434 --> 03:31:30,271 THERE ARE SEX DIFFERENCES NOW. 4886 03:31:30,271 --> 03:31:31,806 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 4887 03:31:31,806 --> 03:31:35,176 LET'S CLICK, ADVANCE IT AGAIN, 4888 03:31:35,176 --> 03:31:35,510 YEAH. 4889 03:31:35,510 --> 03:31:40,214 WHAT THEN BEING A REPRODUCTIVE 4890 03:31:40,214 --> 03:31:42,517 ENDOCRINOLOGIST, THE ROLE OF 4891 03:31:42,517 --> 03:31:43,618 SEXUAL MATURATION IN PUBERTY, IT 4892 03:31:43,618 --> 03:31:46,988 STARTS TO MAKE YOU THINK ABOUT 4893 03:31:46,988 --> 03:31:49,824 WHAT HAPPENS IN PUBERTY, CAN YOU 4894 03:31:49,824 --> 03:31:51,259 CLICK, ADVANCE ONE MORE. 4895 03:31:51,259 --> 03:31:53,461 OH, GO BACK ONE. 4896 03:31:53,461 --> 03:31:53,794 SORRY. 4897 03:31:53,794 --> 03:31:55,329 THERE, OKAY. 4898 03:31:55,329 --> 03:31:57,598 SO, AGAIN, TO REITERATE MOST OF 4899 03:31:57,598 --> 03:32:01,636 THESE STUDIES SO FAR LOOKING AT 4900 03:32:01,636 --> 03:32:02,970 RODENTS AND HUMANS SUGGESTS THE 4901 03:32:02,970 --> 03:32:05,273 MICROBIOMES IN MALES AND FEMALES 4902 03:32:05,273 --> 03:32:07,341 IS SIMILAR BEFORE PUBERTY AND 4903 03:32:07,341 --> 03:32:11,279 SOME KIND OF DIVERGENCE OCCURS 4904 03:32:11,279 --> 03:32:14,549 DURING PUBERTY MAINTAINED IN 4905 03:32:14,549 --> 03:32:15,883 ADULTHOOD, WHAT ARE MECHANISMS? 4906 03:32:15,883 --> 03:32:17,618 THIS IS WHERE THE FIELD HAS 4907 03:32:17,618 --> 03:32:18,719 BASICALLY DROPPED THE BALL. 4908 03:32:18,719 --> 03:32:20,688 WE REALLY DON'T KNOW WHAT THE 4909 03:32:20,688 --> 03:32:22,323 MECHANISMS ARE. 4910 03:32:22,323 --> 03:32:23,958 THERE HAVE BEEN NO GRANTS FUNDED 4911 03:32:23,958 --> 03:32:26,594 BY THE NIH THAT HAVE ADDRESSED 4912 03:32:26,594 --> 03:32:27,795 THESE MECHANISTIC QUESTIONS OF 4913 03:32:27,795 --> 03:32:29,864 HOW WE GET A DIFFERENCE IN THE 4914 03:32:29,864 --> 03:32:31,532 GUT MICROBIOME. 4915 03:32:31,532 --> 03:32:32,266 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 4916 03:32:32,266 --> 03:32:34,468 SO WHAT WE WERE INTERESTED IN IS 4917 03:32:34,468 --> 03:32:37,538 WE WERE INTERESTED IN ASKING THE 4918 03:32:37,538 --> 03:32:38,406 QUESTION, IS THE REPRODUCTIVE 4919 03:32:38,406 --> 03:32:40,808 ACCESS REQUIRED FOR THESE SEX 4920 03:32:40,808 --> 03:32:42,677 DIFFERENCES. 4921 03:32:42,677 --> 03:32:50,284 SO I HAD A GRADUATE STUDENT WHO 4922 03:32:50,284 --> 03:32:53,421 USED A HYPOGONADDAL MOUSE MODEL, 4923 03:32:53,421 --> 03:32:54,722 SHOWS NORMAL REPRODUCTIVE AXIS 4924 03:32:54,722 --> 03:32:55,923 ON THE LEFT, AND MOUSE MODEL 4925 03:32:55,923 --> 03:32:59,327 SHOWN ON THE RIGHT, THERE'S A 4926 03:32:59,327 --> 03:33:01,062 MUTATION IN THE GnRH GENE, 4927 03:33:01,062 --> 03:33:03,664 LEADING TO LACK OF PRODUCTION OF 4928 03:33:03,664 --> 03:33:06,734 GnRH, YOU DON'T HAVE 4929 03:33:06,734 --> 03:33:09,604 ACTIVATION OF PITUITARY 4930 03:33:09,604 --> 03:33:11,105 PRODUCTION OF LEUTINIZING 4931 03:33:11,105 --> 03:33:13,207 STIMULATING HORMONE, THEREFORE 4932 03:33:13,207 --> 03:33:18,779 HAVE A HYPOGONADDAL MOUSE. 4933 03:33:18,779 --> 03:33:20,448 SHE TOOK THIS MOUSE. 4934 03:33:20,448 --> 03:33:23,150 YOU HAVE FOUR GROUPS OF MICE, 4935 03:33:23,150 --> 03:33:27,388 FEMALES THAT EITHER ARE WILD 4936 03:33:27,388 --> 03:33:30,591 TIP, INTACT REPRODUCTIVE ACCESS 4937 03:33:30,591 --> 03:33:32,793 OR MUTANTS, HYPOGONADDAL, SAME 4938 03:33:32,793 --> 03:33:35,096 WITH THE MALES, WILDTYPE OR MALE 4939 03:33:35,096 --> 03:33:35,630 MUTANTS. 4940 03:33:35,630 --> 03:33:37,932 SHE LOOKED AT PARAMETERS OF THE 4941 03:33:37,932 --> 03:33:41,202 GUT MICROBIOME AND ALONG THE 4942 03:33:41,202 --> 03:33:43,304 G.I. TRACT, SHE TOOK SAMPLES OF 4943 03:33:43,304 --> 03:33:45,906 FECES, IN THE ACTUAL INTESTINAL 4944 03:33:45,906 --> 03:33:48,342 COMMUNITIES WHERE THE ACTUAL 4945 03:33:48,342 --> 03:33:49,744 ACTION IS OCCURRING, WHETHER 4946 03:33:49,744 --> 03:33:52,380 IT'S IN SMALL INTESTINE OR LARGE 4947 03:33:52,380 --> 03:33:52,647 INTESTINE. 4948 03:33:52,647 --> 03:33:55,650 I WANTED TO SHOW ONE EXAMPLE, IN 4949 03:33:55,650 --> 03:33:57,852 THE SMALL INTESTINE, AND SHE'S 4950 03:33:57,852 --> 03:34:01,222 LOOKING AT BETA DIVERSITY, SO 4951 03:34:01,222 --> 03:34:03,424 AGAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 4952 03:34:03,424 --> 03:34:04,959 SAMPLES, AND CLOSER TWO DOTS 4953 03:34:04,959 --> 03:34:06,594 ARE, THAT INDICATES COMMUNITIES 4954 03:34:06,594 --> 03:34:09,196 ARE MORE SIMILAR, FARTHER APART 4955 03:34:09,196 --> 03:34:10,197 THEY ARE VERY DISSIMILAR. 4956 03:34:10,197 --> 03:34:12,933 AND SO WHEN SHE LOOKS AT -- IN 4957 03:34:12,933 --> 03:34:16,971 THE GREEN IS MALE WILDTYPE, AND 4958 03:34:16,971 --> 03:34:19,940 FEMALE IS PINK WILDTYPE. 4959 03:34:19,940 --> 03:34:24,645 SHE'S LOOKING AT THE LUMEN 4960 03:34:24,645 --> 03:34:26,213 CONTENTS, MICROBES IN THE LUMEN 4961 03:34:26,213 --> 03:34:28,182 OF THE SMALL INTESTINE, THEY ARE 4962 03:34:28,182 --> 03:34:30,584 NOT COMPLETELY OVERLAPPING. 4963 03:34:30,584 --> 03:34:32,319 THERE'S DIFFERENCES IN OVERALL 4964 03:34:32,319 --> 03:34:33,387 COMMUNITIES, WHETHER LOOKING AT 4965 03:34:33,387 --> 03:34:37,224 LUMEN ON THE LEFT AND MUCOSA ON 4966 03:34:37,224 --> 03:34:38,325 THE RIGHT. 4967 03:34:38,325 --> 03:34:40,828 SO THEN WHAT WOULD YOU EXPECT IF 4968 03:34:40,828 --> 03:34:42,163 YOU THOUGHT REPRODUCTIVE AXIS 4969 03:34:42,163 --> 03:34:44,231 WAS REQUIRED FOR SEX 4970 03:34:44,231 --> 03:34:44,532 DIFFERENCES? 4971 03:34:44,532 --> 03:34:47,068 YOU WOULD EXPECT TO SEE NOW 4972 03:34:47,068 --> 03:34:49,537 OVERLAPPING COMMUNITY WITH VERY 4973 03:34:49,537 --> 03:34:50,371 LITTLE DIFFERENCES. 4974 03:34:50,371 --> 03:34:51,806 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 4975 03:34:51,806 --> 03:34:54,408 SO THAT'S WHAT YOU SEE. 4976 03:34:54,408 --> 03:34:56,377 INDICATING AT LEAST IN THESE 4977 03:34:56,377 --> 03:34:58,345 PARTICULAR COMMUNITIES IN THE 4978 03:34:58,345 --> 03:35:02,950 SMALL INTESTINE THAT YOU NEED 4979 03:35:02,950 --> 03:35:07,221 THE HPGA IS AND PRODUCTION OF 4980 03:35:07,221 --> 03:35:10,257 SEX STEROIDS TO GET 4981 03:35:10,257 --> 03:35:12,259 DIFFERENTIAL, SEX DIFFERENTIATED 4982 03:35:12,259 --> 03:35:12,693 COMMUNITY. 4983 03:35:12,693 --> 03:35:17,131 SHE SAW THESE ARE DIFFERENCES 4984 03:35:17,131 --> 03:35:23,637 THROUGHOUT THE G.I. TRACT BUT 4985 03:35:23,637 --> 03:35:24,238 NICHE-SPECIFIC, SAME MICROBES 4986 03:35:24,238 --> 03:35:27,441 NOT IN THE SAME -- IN DIFFERENT 4987 03:35:27,441 --> 03:35:28,476 COMMUNITIES, AND SAW NICHE 4988 03:35:28,476 --> 03:35:30,544 SPECIFIC CHANGES BUT SEX 4989 03:35:30,544 --> 03:35:31,979 DIFFERENCES IN ALMOST EVERY 4990 03:35:31,979 --> 03:35:33,047 ENVIRONMENT SHE LOOKED AT. 4991 03:35:33,047 --> 03:35:34,281 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 4992 03:35:34,281 --> 03:35:37,017 THE OTHER THING I WANTED TO 4993 03:35:37,017 --> 03:35:39,286 INDICATE IS NOT JUST MICROBES 4994 03:35:39,286 --> 03:35:40,488 BUT METABOLITES THEY ARE 4995 03:35:40,488 --> 03:35:42,423 PRODUCING AS WELL. 4996 03:35:42,423 --> 03:35:46,293 IN THIS STUDY, THIS IS HER 4997 03:35:46,293 --> 03:35:48,129 UNPUBLISHED FINAL THESIS CHAPTER 4998 03:35:48,129 --> 03:35:49,130 WHICH WE'RE WORKING ON 4999 03:35:49,130 --> 03:35:51,098 PUBLISHING, SHE THEN LOOKED AT 5000 03:35:51,098 --> 03:35:53,334 MICE BEFORE PUBERTY AND ALSO 5001 03:35:53,334 --> 03:35:56,604 LOOKED AT MICE AT 10 WEEKS, SO 5002 03:35:56,604 --> 03:35:56,837 ADULTS. 5003 03:35:56,837 --> 03:36:00,975 SO, AGAIN, IF YOU ARE EXPECTING 5004 03:36:00,975 --> 03:36:02,109 EXPECTATION THAT THE 5005 03:36:02,109 --> 03:36:04,178 REPRODUCTIVE ACCESS IS REQUIRED 5006 03:36:04,178 --> 03:36:07,014 FOR SEX DIFFERENCES, YOU WOULD 5007 03:36:07,014 --> 03:36:08,983 EXPECT THAT PRE-PUBERTY WHETHER 5008 03:36:08,983 --> 03:36:12,153 SHE'S LOOKING AT MUTANT MICE, 5009 03:36:12,153 --> 03:36:15,222 WHICH IS THE TOP, SO THE MALE 5010 03:36:15,222 --> 03:36:17,158 MUTANTS AND IN THE BROWN AND 5011 03:36:17,158 --> 03:36:19,927 FEMALE MUTANTS IN THE BLUE, OR 5012 03:36:19,927 --> 03:36:23,097 THE WILDTYPE ANIMALS, THE FEMALE 5013 03:36:23,097 --> 03:36:25,933 IN PINK AND MALE IN GREEN, 5014 03:36:25,933 --> 03:36:28,569 THERE'S NOT THAT MANY -- DOESN'T 5015 03:36:28,569 --> 03:36:30,304 NOTCH EVIDENCE SEX DIFFERENCES 5016 03:36:30,304 --> 03:36:32,273 IN THIS OVERALL MICROBIAL 5017 03:36:32,273 --> 03:36:32,573 COMPOSITION. 5018 03:36:32,573 --> 03:36:33,808 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 5019 03:36:33,808 --> 03:36:36,010 IN CONTRAST WHEN YOU LOOK 5020 03:36:36,010 --> 03:36:38,879 POST-PUBERTY YOU DO SEE A 5021 03:36:38,879 --> 03:36:40,848 SEPARATION OF THESE COMMUNITIES, 5022 03:36:40,848 --> 03:36:43,918 IN THE WILD TYPE, ON THE BOTTOM 5023 03:36:43,918 --> 03:36:44,118 RIGHT. 5024 03:36:44,118 --> 03:36:45,553 QUITE A BIT OF SEPARATION. 5025 03:36:45,553 --> 03:36:47,521 YOU DON'T SEE THAT SEPARATION IN 5026 03:36:47,521 --> 03:36:48,923 THE MUTANTS. 5027 03:36:48,923 --> 03:36:52,993 AGAIN, SUGGESTING THAT THE SEX 5028 03:36:52,993 --> 03:36:54,829 DIFFERENCES IN ADULTHOOD ARE 5029 03:36:54,829 --> 03:36:56,797 DRIVEN BY ACTIVATION OF 5030 03:36:56,797 --> 03:36:58,465 REPRODUCTIVE ACCESS DURING 5031 03:36:58,465 --> 03:36:58,899 PUBERTY. 5032 03:36:58,899 --> 03:37:01,302 NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 5033 03:37:01,302 --> 03:37:02,937 SO, TO SUMMARIZE THEN CHANGES IN 5034 03:37:02,937 --> 03:37:09,710 THE GUT MICROBIOME ARE 5035 03:37:09,710 --> 03:37:13,214 ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOGONADISM OR 5036 03:37:13,214 --> 03:37:13,547 HYPERGONADISM. 5037 03:37:13,547 --> 03:37:14,849 GUT MICROBIOME OF WOMEN 5038 03:37:14,849 --> 03:37:18,152 POSTMENOPAUSAL HAS BEEN SHOWN TO 5039 03:37:18,152 --> 03:37:19,920 DIFFER FROM PRE-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN 5040 03:37:19,920 --> 03:37:21,222 AND INTERESTINGLY A APPEARS TO 5041 03:37:21,222 --> 03:37:29,330 BE MORE SIMILAR TO GUT 5042 03:37:29,330 --> 03:37:31,065 MICROBIOME, A HYPO GONADAL 5043 03:37:31,065 --> 03:37:31,498 STATE. 5044 03:37:31,498 --> 03:37:40,274 IN PCOS WOMEN ARE OFTEN 5045 03:37:40,274 --> 03:37:50,651 DIAGNOSED WITH HYPER GONADISM. 5046 03:37:50,651 --> 03:37:52,519 AND GONADECTOMY IN RODENT MODELS 5047 03:37:52,519 --> 03:37:54,822 RESULTS IN CHANGES IN GUT 5048 03:37:54,822 --> 03:37:56,991 MICROBIOME, SHIFTS IN OVERALL 5049 03:37:56,991 --> 03:37:59,860 COMPOSITION IN TYPES OF MICROBES 5050 03:37:59,860 --> 03:38:00,294 THERE. 5051 03:38:00,294 --> 03:38:01,495 LAST, WHAT'S INTERESTING IS 5052 03:38:01,495 --> 03:38:02,897 ALTHOUGH PEOPLE HAVE NOT DONE 5053 03:38:02,897 --> 03:38:05,199 THIS FOR MALES AND FEMALES, 5054 03:38:05,199 --> 03:38:07,835 THERE'S BEEN STUDIES WHERE THEY 5055 03:38:07,835 --> 03:38:10,571 HAVE DONE GONADECTOMY WITH 5056 03:38:10,571 --> 03:38:12,773 STEROID REPLACEMENT, RESULTS IN 5057 03:38:12,773 --> 03:38:16,610 GUT MICROBIOME SIMILAR TO IMPACT 5058 03:38:16,610 --> 03:38:25,219 MICE THAN GONAD ECTOMIZED MICE. 5059 03:38:25,219 --> 03:38:27,421 STUDIES ARE SUGGESTING THAT 5060 03:38:27,421 --> 03:38:29,189 THROUGHOUT THE LIFESPAN WHEN 5061 03:38:29,189 --> 03:38:31,792 STEROIDS GO UP OR DOWN, THERE 5062 03:38:31,792 --> 03:38:34,295 POTENTIALLY ARE CHANGES IN THE 5063 03:38:34,295 --> 03:38:35,729 GUT MICROBIOME THROUGH 5064 03:38:35,729 --> 03:38:38,899 CONDITIONS WHERE IT'S A 5065 03:38:38,899 --> 03:38:41,068 PATHOLOGY OR DURING -- 5066 03:38:41,068 --> 03:38:42,002 MENOPAUSE, FOR EXAMPLE, ALSO 5067 03:38:42,002 --> 03:38:43,604 THERE ARE CHANGES ASSOCIATED 5068 03:38:43,604 --> 03:38:47,641 WITH THE GUT MICROBIOME. 5069 03:38:47,641 --> 03:38:48,108 NEXT SLIDE. 5070 03:38:48,108 --> 03:38:50,945 THIS IS BACK TO WHAT FOLKS HAVE 5071 03:38:50,945 --> 03:38:52,146 BEEN TALKING ABOUT, TO REMIND 5072 03:38:52,146 --> 03:38:56,417 FOLKS IF WE'RE TALKING ABOUT SEX 5073 03:38:56,417 --> 03:38:58,018 STEROIDS AND GUT MICROBIOME, 5074 03:38:58,018 --> 03:39:00,888 EDCs THAT MIMIC ON THE LEFT OR 5075 03:39:00,888 --> 03:39:05,359 BLOCK STEROID ACTION, WHETHER IN 5076 03:39:05,359 --> 03:39:06,393 DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALLY OR IN 5077 03:39:06,393 --> 03:39:09,363 THE MATURE INDIVIDUAL, HAVE THE 5078 03:39:09,363 --> 03:39:12,099 POTENTIAL TO DIRECTLY AFFECT THE 5079 03:39:12,099 --> 03:39:13,734 MICROBIOME THROUGH THE SAME 5080 03:39:13,734 --> 03:39:15,469 MECHANISMS THAT SEX STEROIDS 5081 03:39:15,469 --> 03:39:17,771 REGULATE THE GUT MICROBIOME AND 5082 03:39:17,771 --> 03:39:20,641 RESULT IN SEX DIFFERENCES. 5083 03:39:20,641 --> 03:39:21,809 NEXT SLIDE. 5084 03:39:21,809 --> 03:39:23,877 I JUST WANTED TO CONCLUDE, WHAT 5085 03:39:23,877 --> 03:39:27,948 DOES THIS IMPLY IN TERMS OF EDC 5086 03:39:27,948 --> 03:39:28,816 MITIGATION? 5087 03:39:28,816 --> 03:39:31,385 AS CHERYL MENTIONED, THE GUT 5088 03:39:31,385 --> 03:39:34,221 MICROBIOME IS HIGHLY MODIFIABLE 5089 03:39:34,221 --> 03:39:37,491 BY DIET AND MICROBIAL BASED 5090 03:39:37,491 --> 03:39:38,392 THERAPEUTIC INCLUDING 5091 03:39:38,392 --> 03:39:39,793 PRE-BIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS. 5092 03:39:39,793 --> 03:39:42,329 THIS GIVES A WINDOW INTO 5093 03:39:42,329 --> 03:39:44,765 POTENTIALLY ADDRESSING 5094 03:39:44,765 --> 03:39:47,368 PATHOLOGIES RISING FROM EDC 5095 03:39:47,368 --> 03:39:48,168 EXPOSURE. 5096 03:39:48,168 --> 03:39:51,105 AND THEN, AGAIN, GIVEN THAT 5097 03:39:51,105 --> 03:39:53,207 CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH 5098 03:39:53,207 --> 03:39:54,942 PATHOLOGY MAY BE MITIGATED BY 5099 03:39:54,942 --> 03:39:56,243 MODULATION OF GUT MICROBIOME, 5100 03:39:56,243 --> 03:39:58,545 THIS COULD -- THESE WHAT WE CAN 5101 03:39:58,545 --> 03:40:00,748 LEARN ABOUT THAT COULD 5102 03:40:00,748 --> 03:40:03,884 POTENTIALLY BE APPLIED TO EDC 5103 03:40:03,884 --> 03:40:04,184 MITIGATION. 5104 03:40:04,184 --> 03:40:07,388 AS CHERYL MENTIONED THIS COULD 5105 03:40:07,388 --> 03:40:09,957 INCLUDE FECAL MICROBIOME 5106 03:40:09,957 --> 03:40:11,125 TRANSPLANT, COULD INCLUDE 5107 03:40:11,125 --> 03:40:13,660 PRE-BIOTICS WHICH ARE LIKE THE 5108 03:40:13,660 --> 03:40:15,062 FOOD THAT BENEFITS THE 5109 03:40:15,062 --> 03:40:16,063 MICROBIOME AND ENCOURAGES SOME 5110 03:40:16,063 --> 03:40:18,365 OF THEM TO GROW MORE THAN 5111 03:40:18,365 --> 03:40:21,402 OTHERS, IT COULD BE SPECIFIC 5112 03:40:21,402 --> 03:40:22,503 PROBIOTICS. 5113 03:40:22,503 --> 03:40:23,904 I WOULD SAY THAT PROBIOTICS ARE 5114 03:40:23,904 --> 03:40:27,441 A BIT OF A MIXED BAG IN TERMS OF 5115 03:40:27,441 --> 03:40:29,109 AFFECTING THE MICROBIOME BUT I 5116 03:40:29,109 --> 03:40:31,912 THINK WE ARE JUST TOUCHING THE 5117 03:40:31,912 --> 03:40:34,581 SURFACE SO FAR ABOUT WHICH 5118 03:40:34,581 --> 03:40:36,083 PARTICULAR PROBIOTICS COULD HAVE 5119 03:40:36,083 --> 03:40:38,318 EFFECTS IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC 5120 03:40:38,318 --> 03:40:39,787 DISEASES OR CONDITIONS. 5121 03:40:39,787 --> 03:40:42,790 SO A LOT OF THE EARLY WORK HAS 5122 03:40:42,790 --> 03:40:47,061 BEEN DONE WITH LACTOBACILLUS, 5123 03:40:47,061 --> 03:40:48,896 BIFIDO BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM 5124 03:40:48,896 --> 03:40:49,263 YOGURT. 5125 03:40:49,263 --> 03:40:52,099 THIS CONCEPT OF HAVING NEXT 5126 03:40:52,099 --> 03:40:54,301 GENERATION SCREENS FOR POTENTIAL 5127 03:40:54,301 --> 03:40:56,203 PROBIOTICS, FOR VERY SPECIFIC 5128 03:40:56,203 --> 03:40:58,238 DISEASES OR CONDITIONS, I THINK, 5129 03:40:58,238 --> 03:40:59,573 SHOULD BE OUT THERE. 5130 03:40:59,573 --> 03:41:01,942 WE'RE VERY INTERESTED, FOR 5131 03:41:01,942 --> 03:41:04,144 EXAMPLE, IN SCREENING FOR NEXT 5132 03:41:04,144 --> 03:41:06,113 GENERATION PROBIOTICS THAT COULD 5133 03:41:06,113 --> 03:41:10,150 BE USED FOR WOMEN SUFFERING FROM 5134 03:41:10,150 --> 03:41:10,484 PCOS. 5135 03:41:10,484 --> 03:41:10,818 NEXT. 5136 03:41:10,818 --> 03:41:11,218 OKAY. 5137 03:41:11,218 --> 03:41:14,254 THEN SOME OF THE FUTURE STUDIES, 5138 03:41:14,254 --> 03:41:16,490 WE NEED QUITE A FEW FUTURE 5139 03:41:16,490 --> 03:41:17,191 STUDIES. 5140 03:41:17,191 --> 03:41:19,660 BUT I THINK IT WOULD BE, YOU 5141 03:41:19,660 --> 03:41:24,898 KNOW, A LOT MORE WORKINGS TO 5142 03:41:24,898 --> 03:41:28,969 UNDERSTAND BUILDING ON WHAT DR. 5143 03:41:28,969 --> 03:41:32,072 ROSENFELD HOW DO EDC MODULATE 5144 03:41:32,072 --> 03:41:36,076 COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION, HOW 5145 03:41:36,076 --> 03:41:36,944 ARE METABOLITES PRODUCED, 5146 03:41:36,944 --> 03:41:39,246 ALTERED, HOW DO CHANGES 5147 03:41:39,246 --> 03:41:41,115 INFLUENCE THE HOST, FOR EXAMPLE 5148 03:41:41,115 --> 03:41:44,618 GENE EXPRESSION IN THE GUT-LIVER 5149 03:41:44,618 --> 03:41:47,354 ACCESS OR HOST TISSUES IN THE 5150 03:41:47,354 --> 03:41:48,322 GUT-BRAIN ACCESS, STILL REMAINS 5151 03:41:48,322 --> 03:41:51,291 TO BE UNDERSTOOD. 5152 03:41:51,291 --> 03:41:51,492 NEXT. 5153 03:41:51,492 --> 03:41:54,695 HOW DO EDCs AFFECT GUT 5154 03:41:54,695 --> 03:41:57,865 MICROBIOME IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT 5155 03:41:57,865 --> 03:42:00,501 TO ETIOLOGY OR PATHOLOGY OF 5156 03:42:00,501 --> 03:42:02,903 DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH 5157 03:42:02,903 --> 03:42:04,905 SEX BIAS, OF WHICH THERE ARE 5158 03:42:04,905 --> 03:42:07,975 MANY, AND/OR SEX CHANGES AND SEX 5159 03:42:07,975 --> 03:42:09,176 STEROID LEVELS. 5160 03:42:09,176 --> 03:42:10,477 AS DR. ROSENFELD ALLUDED TO, 5161 03:42:10,477 --> 03:42:13,247 THERE ARE A LOT OF DISEASES NOW 5162 03:42:13,247 --> 03:42:16,083 THAT ARE -- MICROBIOME IS 5163 03:42:16,083 --> 03:42:20,454 IMPLICATED IN EITHER ETIOLOGY OR 5164 03:42:20,454 --> 03:42:22,222 PATHOLOGY. 5165 03:42:22,222 --> 03:42:22,523 NEXT. 5166 03:42:22,523 --> 03:42:28,228 YEAH, FINALLY WHICH SPECIFIC 5167 03:42:28,228 --> 03:42:29,863 PRE-BIOTICS, PROBIOTICS, 5168 03:42:29,863 --> 03:42:31,498 POST-BIOTICS, POTENTIAL 5169 03:42:31,498 --> 03:42:37,838 METABOLITES, CAN MITIGATE EDC 5170 03:42:37,838 --> 03:42:38,071 EFFECTS. 5171 03:42:38,071 --> 03:42:39,706 THIS IS NOT ONE-SIZE-FITS-ALL 5172 03:42:39,706 --> 03:42:41,909 APPROACH, I BELIEVE POTENTIAL TO 5173 03:42:41,909 --> 03:42:42,543 DO INDIVIDUALIZED PERSONALIZED 5174 03:42:42,543 --> 03:42:45,412 MEDICINE IN TERMS OF THE GUT 5175 03:42:45,412 --> 03:42:49,116 MICROBIOME HAS VAST POTENTIAL IN 5176 03:42:49,116 --> 03:42:52,186 TERMS OF HELPING MITIGATE 5177 03:42:52,186 --> 03:42:52,386 EDCs. 5178 03:42:52,386 --> 03:42:52,953 NEXT. 5179 03:42:52,953 --> 03:42:54,354 I WANT TO THANK THE MEMBERS OF 5180 03:42:54,354 --> 03:42:57,858 MIGHT HAVE LAB THAT ARE INVOLVED 5181 03:42:57,858 --> 03:43:01,528 IN THIS PROJECT, COLLABORATORS 5182 03:43:01,528 --> 03:43:08,135 AT UCC ON THE RIGHT, SAN DIEGO 5183 03:43:08,135 --> 03:43:11,004 STATE UNIVERSITY, FUNDING AT THE 5184 03:43:11,004 --> 03:43:11,405 BOTTOM. 5185 03:43:11,405 --> 03:43:12,773 THANK YOU. 5186 03:43:12,773 --> 03:43:13,540 >> FANTASTIC TALK. 5187 03:43:13,540 --> 03:43:18,378 THANK YOU SO MUCH, DR. THACKRAY. 5188 03:43:18,378 --> 03:43:23,750 NOW WE HAVE -- LET'S SEE. 5189 03:43:23,750 --> 03:43:25,285 DR. JORDAN BISANZ, PLEASE COME 5190 03:43:25,285 --> 03:43:27,354 UP TO THE PODIUM. 5191 03:43:27,354 --> 03:43:28,021 >> PERFECT. 5192 03:43:28,021 --> 03:43:29,223 ALL RIGHT. 5193 03:43:29,223 --> 03:43:30,290 SO, I'M VERY EXCITED TO TALK 5194 03:43:30,290 --> 03:43:32,926 ABOUT SOME OF THE WORK I'VE BEEN 5195 03:43:32,926 --> 03:43:34,561 DOING ON GUT MICROBES AND THE 5196 03:43:34,561 --> 03:43:38,966 ROLE THEY PLAY IN ACTING AS A 5197 03:43:38,966 --> 03:43:43,003 BARRIER AGAINST ABSORPTION OF 5198 03:43:43,003 --> 03:43:48,342 XENOBIOTICS, AND PARTICULARLY 5199 03:43:48,342 --> 03:43:49,009 TODAY EDCs. 5200 03:43:49,009 --> 03:43:49,343 OKAY. 5201 03:43:49,343 --> 03:43:51,445 WE HAD A GREAT INTRODUCTION TO 5202 03:43:51,445 --> 03:43:52,779 THE MICROBIOME EARLIER BUT 5203 03:43:52,779 --> 03:43:54,181 THERE'S ONE NUMBER I WANT TO 5204 03:43:54,181 --> 03:43:55,816 FOCUS IN ON, WHICH IS THIS IDEA 5205 03:43:55,816 --> 03:44:00,520 THE SUM OF ALL THE MICROBIAL 5206 03:44:00,520 --> 03:44:02,489 GENES OR FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL IS 5207 03:44:02,489 --> 03:44:03,790 ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER THAN 5208 03:44:03,790 --> 03:44:06,093 THAT OF THE HUMAN GENOME. 5209 03:44:06,093 --> 03:44:06,627 WE PROBABLY UNDERSTAND A 5210 03:44:06,627 --> 03:44:07,961 FRACTION OF A PERCENT OF WHAT 5211 03:44:07,961 --> 03:44:09,830 MOST OF THESE GENES ACTUALLY DO. 5212 03:44:09,830 --> 03:44:12,165 EVEN A LOT OF WHAT WE DO 5213 03:44:12,165 --> 03:44:13,367 UNDERSTAND IS NOT REALLY HELPFUL 5214 03:44:13,367 --> 03:44:15,402 IF WE THINK ABOUT THIS IN THE 5215 03:44:15,402 --> 03:44:16,503 CONTEXT OF TOXICOLOGY. 5216 03:44:16,503 --> 03:44:21,008 IF WE UNDERSTAND THAT A GENE IS 5217 03:44:21,008 --> 03:44:22,309 A REDUCTASE IF WE DON'T KNOW 5218 03:44:22,309 --> 03:44:24,278 WHAT IT'S REDUCING THAT'S NOT 5219 03:44:24,278 --> 03:44:24,945 HELPFUL INFORMATION. 5220 03:44:24,945 --> 03:44:27,014 A LOT OF MY SCIENTIFIC CAREER IS 5221 03:44:27,014 --> 03:44:29,850 GOING INTO THIS REALM OF UNKNOWN 5222 03:44:29,850 --> 03:44:32,052 GENES, TRYING TO FIND NEW 5223 03:44:32,052 --> 03:44:32,319 FUNCTIONS. 5224 03:44:32,319 --> 03:44:33,253 IN PARTICULARLY A LOT OF THAT 5225 03:44:33,253 --> 03:44:36,757 FUNCTION HAS TO DO WITH 5226 03:44:36,757 --> 03:44:38,292 METABOLISM OF XENOBIOTICS. 5227 03:44:38,292 --> 03:44:41,261 THAT CAN MEAN DRUGS OR TOXINS. 5228 03:44:41,261 --> 03:44:45,399 SO, I THINK THE THING THAT GETS 5229 03:44:45,399 --> 03:44:47,701 IGNORED IS THAT IF SOMETHING IS 5230 03:44:47,701 --> 03:44:49,569 BEING CONSUMED ORALLY IT HAS TO 5231 03:44:49,569 --> 03:44:51,204 PASS THROUGH MICROBES BEFORE IT 5232 03:44:51,204 --> 03:44:52,406 GETS TO THE HOST. 5233 03:44:52,406 --> 03:44:57,110 IF WE LOOK AT THE TOP LEFT THE 5234 03:44:57,110 --> 03:45:01,815 HOST EPITHELIAL LINING IN BLUE, 5235 03:45:01,815 --> 03:45:04,017 MICROBES IN RED, THEY MUST PASS 5236 03:45:04,017 --> 03:45:05,752 THROUGH THAT TO GET TO THE 5237 03:45:05,752 --> 03:45:06,620 INTESTINAL LINING. 5238 03:45:06,620 --> 03:45:09,690 THE FIRST STEP HAS BEEN IGNORED 5239 03:45:09,690 --> 03:45:12,225 TRADITIONALLY IN THESE FIELDS. 5240 03:45:12,225 --> 03:45:15,162 SO WE NOW HAVE A SIZEABLE AMOUNT 5241 03:45:15,162 --> 03:45:16,697 OF EVIDENCE SHOWING MECHANISMS 5242 03:45:16,697 --> 03:45:19,566 THROUGH WHICH GUT MICROBES CAN 5243 03:45:19,566 --> 03:45:20,867 INTERFERE IN THE PROCESS, 5244 03:45:20,867 --> 03:45:23,503 WHETHER DIRECT METABOLISM OF 5245 03:45:23,503 --> 03:45:24,938 COMPOUNDS, TO ACTIVATE OR 5246 03:45:24,938 --> 03:45:26,440 INACTIVATE, SEQUESTER THEM OR 5247 03:45:26,440 --> 03:45:28,542 POTENTIALLY AFFECT HOW THE HOST 5248 03:45:28,542 --> 03:45:30,043 IS GOING TO HANDLE THESE 5249 03:45:30,043 --> 03:45:30,310 COMPOUNDS. 5250 03:45:30,310 --> 03:45:34,314 AND SO I THINK THIS CREATES A 5251 03:45:34,314 --> 03:45:35,649 VERY INTERESTING RATIONALE OR 5252 03:45:35,649 --> 03:45:36,950 HYPOTHESIS WHICH IS, IS IT 5253 03:45:36,950 --> 03:45:38,719 POSSIBLE WE COULD MANIPULATE 5254 03:45:38,719 --> 03:45:41,655 THESE GUT MICROBES TO PREVENT 5255 03:45:41,655 --> 03:45:45,459 ABSORPTION INTO THE BLOODSTREAM? 5256 03:45:45,459 --> 03:45:50,764 AS A PESSIMIST OR REELIST, PART 5257 03:45:50,764 --> 03:45:52,899 OF ME THINKS IT'S A BIG ORDER TO 5258 03:45:52,899 --> 03:45:54,201 REMOVE THEM, WHAT IF WE CAN ACT 5259 03:45:54,201 --> 03:45:56,970 WHERE IT'S TAKEN UP INTO THE 5260 03:45:56,970 --> 03:46:01,975 BLOODSTREAM, KEEP ANYTIME THE 5261 03:46:01,975 --> 03:46:03,410 LUMINA, HAVE IT LEAVE THE BODY, 5262 03:46:03,410 --> 03:46:04,411 MIGHT AS WELL NEVER HAVE BEEN 5263 03:46:04,411 --> 03:46:05,812 THERE IN THE FIRST PLACE. 5264 03:46:05,812 --> 03:46:09,950 THIS WOULD BE MICROBES IMPACTING 5265 03:46:09,950 --> 03:46:14,688 THE HOST, ONE OF THE INTERESTING 5266 03:46:14,688 --> 03:46:17,791 OBSERVATIONS IN THE PAST CULL 5267 03:46:17,791 --> 03:46:20,527 COUPLE YEARS MICROBES CAN 5268 03:46:20,527 --> 03:46:26,633 MANIPULATE THE HOST TRANSPORT, P 5269 03:46:26,633 --> 03:46:27,300 GLYCOPROTEIN, A FAVORITE 5270 03:46:27,300 --> 03:46:29,035 TRANSPORTER, BOTTOM LEFT YOU CAN 5271 03:46:29,035 --> 03:46:33,640 SEE AN ANIMAL GIVEN A PARTICULAR 5272 03:46:33,640 --> 03:46:35,175 MODEL SUBSTRATE, DIGOXIN. 5273 03:46:35,175 --> 03:46:41,615 IF IT'S GIVEN A SINGLE ORGANISM, 5274 03:46:41,615 --> 03:46:47,120 IT HAS TWICE THE LEVEL OF DRUG, 5275 03:46:47,120 --> 03:46:51,024 THAT'S BECAUSE IT'S INHIBITING 5276 03:46:51,024 --> 03:46:52,125 THIS HOST EFFLUX TRANSPORTER. 5277 03:46:52,125 --> 03:46:56,863 ON THE RIGHT THIS IS LOOKING AT 5278 03:46:56,863 --> 03:47:00,333 HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE, BEST KNOWN 5279 03:47:00,333 --> 03:47:04,805 FOR BEING AN ANTI-MALARIAL DRUG 5280 03:47:04,805 --> 03:47:07,107 OR IMMUNOLOGICAL THERAPIES, NOT 5281 03:47:07,107 --> 03:47:09,543 SO EFFECTIVE FOR COVID. 5282 03:47:09,543 --> 03:47:11,645 COMPARE WHO DONORS, GENETICALLY 5283 03:47:11,645 --> 03:47:13,146 IDENTICAL BUT GERM-FREE MICE, 5284 03:47:13,146 --> 03:47:16,116 FECAL TRANSPLANT IN TWO DONOR 5285 03:47:16,116 --> 03:47:17,617 SAMPLES MICE WITH DONOR 1 5286 03:47:17,617 --> 03:47:19,386 MICROBIOMES HAVE DOUBLE LEVEL OF 5287 03:47:19,386 --> 03:47:22,556 DRUG ABSORBED THAN FROM DONOR 2. 5288 03:47:22,556 --> 03:47:23,957 IF WE COMPARE TO GERM FREE 5289 03:47:23,957 --> 03:47:25,091 MOUSE, THEY HAVE THE LEAST 5290 03:47:25,091 --> 03:47:27,527 AMOUNT OF DRUG GOING IN. 5291 03:47:27,527 --> 03:47:30,397 THERE'S SOMETHING HAPPENING HERE 5292 03:47:30,397 --> 03:47:31,665 WHERE GUT MICROBES ARE 5293 03:47:31,665 --> 03:47:32,732 MANIPULATING HOST OR DRUGS TO 5294 03:47:32,732 --> 03:47:35,735 AFFECT HOW THEY ARE TAKEN UP. 5295 03:47:35,735 --> 03:47:39,139 TOXIC METALS ARE PERHAPS NOT THE 5296 03:47:39,139 --> 03:47:40,540 FIRST EDC THAT COMES TO MIND BUT 5297 03:47:40,540 --> 03:47:41,541 ARE ON THE LIST. 5298 03:47:41,541 --> 03:47:43,844 THESE ARE THE ORIGINAL FOREVER 5299 03:47:43,844 --> 03:47:46,446 CHEMICALS, NOT MAN MADE BUT MAN 5300 03:47:46,446 --> 03:47:46,880 RELEASED. 5301 03:47:46,880 --> 03:47:48,215 DEPENDING WHERE YOU ARE, THEY 5302 03:47:48,215 --> 03:47:50,283 CAN BE QUITE HIGH IN THE 5303 03:47:50,283 --> 03:47:50,817 ENVIRONMENT. 5304 03:47:50,817 --> 03:47:53,019 THEY CANNING QUITE COMMON IN 5305 03:47:53,019 --> 03:47:56,323 DIETS, DRINKING WATER, BUT 5306 03:47:56,323 --> 03:48:03,763 PERHAPS BEST KNOWN IS SEAFOOD. 5307 03:48:03,763 --> 03:48:07,934 TUNA FISH HAS OBSCENE AMOUNTS OF 5308 03:48:07,934 --> 03:48:08,502 MERCURY. 5309 03:48:08,502 --> 03:48:14,608 MY WIFE BUYS LOW MERCURY, $6 A 5310 03:48:14,608 --> 03:48:17,110 CAN, IT'S NOT LOW JUST TESTED TO 5311 03:48:17,110 --> 03:48:19,212 BE BELOW THE CUTOFF, MIND 5312 03:48:19,212 --> 03:48:20,747 BOGGLING, SAYS A LOT ABOUT OUR 5313 03:48:20,747 --> 03:48:27,187 FOOD CHAIN FOR THAT TO BE TRUE. 5314 03:48:27,187 --> 03:48:31,791 ONE EXCITING THING METALS ARE 5315 03:48:31,791 --> 03:48:38,031 JUST AS TOBACCO -- JUST AS TOX. 5316 03:48:38,031 --> 03:48:40,433 YOU CAN NOT DESTROY A METAL OR 5317 03:48:40,433 --> 03:48:45,805 CONVERT IT BUT CAN CHANGE ITS 5318 03:48:45,805 --> 03:48:47,440 FORM, REDOX OR METHYLATION 5319 03:48:47,440 --> 03:48:49,709 REACTIONS. 5320 03:48:49,709 --> 03:48:53,113 A NUMBER OF MICROS HAVE A GREAT 5321 03:48:53,113 --> 03:48:55,849 ABILITY TO PASSIVELY SEQUESTER 5322 03:48:55,849 --> 03:48:57,183 THE METALS, WILL BIND TO CELL 5323 03:48:57,183 --> 03:49:00,987 WALLS AND YOU CAN SEE IN THIS 5324 03:49:00,987 --> 03:49:04,291 ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IMAGE, GRAY 5325 03:49:04,291 --> 03:49:07,794 MICROBES WITH WHITE SPECS, 5326 03:49:07,794 --> 03:49:09,095 THAT'S MERCURY PRECIPITATED ON 5327 03:49:09,095 --> 03:49:13,366 THE SURFACE, DO THIS WITH 5328 03:49:13,366 --> 03:49:14,134 MERCURY, LEAD, CADMIUM. 5329 03:49:14,134 --> 03:49:18,605 ON THE RIGHT THEY COMBINED 90% 5330 03:49:18,605 --> 03:49:20,674 OF THE MERCURY WHICH GOES BACK 5331 03:49:20,674 --> 03:49:22,976 TO THE HYPOTHESIS WHICH IS IS IT 5332 03:49:22,976 --> 03:49:24,377 POSSIBLE METALS SEQUESTERED BY 5333 03:49:24,377 --> 03:49:28,114 GUT MICROBES COULD BE 5334 03:49:28,114 --> 03:49:29,015 ACCUMULATED BEFORE THEY ENTER 5335 03:49:29,015 --> 03:49:31,384 THE HOST AND SHED IN THE FECES? 5336 03:49:31,384 --> 03:49:33,253 TO TEST THIS, TEN YEARS AGO WHEN 5337 03:49:33,253 --> 03:49:36,022 I WAS A GRADUATE STUDENT, I DID 5338 03:49:36,022 --> 03:49:37,424 A STUDY IN TANZANIA. 5339 03:49:37,424 --> 03:49:42,395 THE REASON FOR DOING THAT IS 5340 03:49:42,395 --> 03:49:45,532 LAKE VICTORIA IS POLLUTED WITH 5341 03:49:45,532 --> 03:49:46,633 HEAVY METALS, AS BAD AS LAKE 5342 03:49:46,633 --> 03:49:48,168 ERIE WHERE I GREW UP. 5343 03:49:48,168 --> 03:49:49,803 THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IS PEOPLE 5344 03:49:49,803 --> 03:49:52,672 DON'T OFTEN EAT FISH FROM LAKE 5345 03:49:52,672 --> 03:49:55,942 ERIE, FISH ARE A MAIN DIETARY 5346 03:49:55,942 --> 03:49:57,811 PROTEIN FOR INDIVIDUALS ON THE 5347 03:49:57,811 --> 03:50:01,648 SHORES OF LAKE VICTORIA. 5348 03:50:01,648 --> 03:50:04,718 WE DID A FOUR-MONTH INTERVENTION 5349 03:50:04,718 --> 03:50:06,152 OF PREGNANT WOMEN, ONE-MONTH 5350 03:50:06,152 --> 03:50:08,455 INTERVENTION IN SCHOOL CHILDREN, 5351 03:50:08,455 --> 03:50:10,957 GIVEN DAILY SUPPLEMENTATION WITH 5352 03:50:10,957 --> 03:50:11,625 PROBIOTIC YOGURT. 5353 03:50:11,625 --> 03:50:13,159 WE FOUND WE COULD HAVE 5354 03:50:13,159 --> 03:50:14,995 SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS ON LEVEL OF 5355 03:50:14,995 --> 03:50:16,763 BLOOD MERCURY AND ARSENIC IN 5356 03:50:16,763 --> 03:50:18,398 PREGNANT WOMEN BUT NOT THE 5357 03:50:18,398 --> 03:50:18,898 CHILDREN. 5358 03:50:18,898 --> 03:50:20,700 SO THERE'S A NUMBER OF REASONS 5359 03:50:20,700 --> 03:50:27,073 FOR WHY THAT COULD BE. 5360 03:50:27,073 --> 03:50:28,908 PART COULD BE UNDERLYING 5361 03:50:28,908 --> 03:50:29,776 PHYSIOLOGY BETWEEN PREGNANT 5362 03:50:29,776 --> 03:50:31,544 WOMEN AND CHILDREN BUT A LOT IS 5363 03:50:31,544 --> 03:50:32,979 DURATION OF INTERVENTION AND 5364 03:50:32,979 --> 03:50:33,313 TIMING. 5365 03:50:33,313 --> 03:50:35,148 SO THE SCHOOL CHILDREN WERE 5366 03:50:35,148 --> 03:50:36,883 HAVING YOGURT AT SCHOOL, 5367 03:50:36,883 --> 03:50:37,884 PREGNANT WOMEN WERE BEING GIVEN 5368 03:50:37,884 --> 03:50:39,552 IT AT HOME WITH MEALS. 5369 03:50:39,552 --> 03:50:44,157 AGAIN, IF WE THINK OF TRANSIT, 5370 03:50:44,157 --> 03:50:46,359 KINETICS, WE WANT THOSE 5371 03:50:46,359 --> 03:50:48,628 ORGANISMS TO BE PRESENT AT THE 5372 03:50:48,628 --> 03:50:52,465 SAME TIME AS FOOD MATRIX 5373 03:50:52,465 --> 03:50:53,667 CONTAINING THE METAL BOUND 5374 03:50:53,667 --> 03:50:55,535 BEFORE THE SMALL INTESTINE. 5375 03:50:55,535 --> 03:50:57,170 ONE THING LINGERS ON MY MIND, 5376 03:50:57,170 --> 03:51:05,045 THIS IS A GREAT START USING 5377 03:51:05,045 --> 03:51:09,082 THESE GRAS, GENERALLY RECOGNIZED 5378 03:51:09,082 --> 03:51:14,454 AS SAFE, COULD WE MAKE THEM 5379 03:51:14,454 --> 03:51:15,355 BETTER? 5380 03:51:15,355 --> 03:51:16,556 MICROBES TAKE METHYLMERCURY, 5381 03:51:16,556 --> 03:51:18,825 STREP THAT OFF, GIVE US 5382 03:51:18,825 --> 03:51:21,127 ELEMENTAL MERCURY. 5383 03:51:21,127 --> 03:51:21,828 THAT'S IMPORTANT, METHYLMERCURY 5384 03:51:21,828 --> 03:51:23,897 IS WHERE WE FIND IN OUR DIET, 5385 03:51:23,897 --> 03:51:34,074 WE'LL ABSORB 95% PLUS, ELEMENTL 5386 03:51:34,074 --> 03:51:36,176 MERCURY IS WHAT YOU COULD PLAY 5387 03:51:36,176 --> 03:51:39,112 WITH IN YOUR HAND, VERY POORLY 5388 03:51:39,112 --> 03:51:40,080 AVAILABLE FROM OUR 5389 03:51:40,080 --> 03:51:40,947 GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. 5390 03:51:40,947 --> 03:51:44,918 THE IDEA AT FIRST COULD WE FIND 5391 03:51:44,918 --> 03:51:46,219 PROBIOTIC BACTERIA THAT HAVE 5392 03:51:46,219 --> 03:51:47,320 THIS PATHWAY. 5393 03:51:47,320 --> 03:51:49,389 FOR REASONS NOT CLEAR, PROBABLY 5394 03:51:49,389 --> 03:51:50,590 DOING WITH EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY, 5395 03:51:50,590 --> 03:51:53,460 THERE ARE NO KNOWN GRAS 5396 03:51:53,460 --> 03:51:53,760 PROBIOTICS. 5397 03:51:53,760 --> 03:51:55,195 THE ANSWER BECOMES CAN WE 5398 03:51:55,195 --> 03:51:57,097 ENGINEER THEM TO DO THAT? 5399 03:51:57,097 --> 03:51:58,832 THAT'S WHAT WE'VE DONE. 5400 03:51:58,832 --> 03:52:03,303 WE'VE TAKEN TWO DIFFERENT 5401 03:52:03,303 --> 03:52:05,271 CONVENTIONAL PROBIOTIC STRAINS, 5402 03:52:05,271 --> 03:52:11,077 AND WEEP ENGINEERED IN THIS 5403 03:52:11,077 --> 03:52:16,149 ORGANOMERB, CLEAVING OFF AND 5404 03:52:16,149 --> 03:52:17,217 REDUCES BIOAVAILABILITY IN THE 5405 03:52:17,217 --> 03:52:18,251 G.I. TRACT. 5406 03:52:18,251 --> 03:52:22,589 WE TALKED ABOUT PRO BY PROBIOTG 5407 03:52:22,589 --> 03:52:24,224 HIT OR MISS, THEY OFTEN CAN'T 5408 03:52:24,224 --> 03:52:25,425 COLONIZE BUT PERFECT HERE. 5409 03:52:25,425 --> 03:52:27,727 WE DON'T WANT THEM TO COLONIZE. 5410 03:52:27,727 --> 03:52:29,028 WE WANT THEM TO SEQUESTER AND 5411 03:52:29,028 --> 03:52:29,696 CARRY IT OUT. 5412 03:52:29,696 --> 03:52:31,798 ONE GREAT THING BECAUSE THIS 5413 03:52:31,798 --> 03:52:33,099 WOULD BE SPECIFIC FOR MERCURY, 5414 03:52:33,099 --> 03:52:36,035 WE'RE NOT SO WORRIED ABOUT OTHER 5415 03:52:36,035 --> 03:52:38,438 METALS, ESPECIALLY NUTRITIONALLY 5416 03:52:38,438 --> 03:52:39,439 IMPORTANT METALS. 5417 03:52:39,439 --> 03:52:40,974 AND AN INTERESTING SIDE NOTE, 5418 03:52:40,974 --> 03:52:48,081 THE GENE WE TOOK IS FROM AN 5419 03:52:48,081 --> 03:52:49,382 ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANISM, BACILLUS 5420 03:52:49,382 --> 03:52:50,850 MAGATERIUM ISOLATED FROM JAPAN, 5421 03:52:50,850 --> 03:52:55,121 SITE OF MERCURY POISONING. 5422 03:52:55,121 --> 03:52:57,090 WE INSERTED THAT INTO REDUCTASE 5423 03:52:57,090 --> 03:52:59,392 GENE TO DO TWO MUTATIONS AT 5424 03:52:59,392 --> 03:53:02,128 ONCE, WITH THE IDEA OF 5425 03:53:02,128 --> 03:53:03,663 INCREASING ABILITY TO SEQUESTER 5426 03:53:03,663 --> 03:53:10,670 MEDALS -- MET METALS AND KEEPT 5427 03:53:10,670 --> 03:53:11,538 TRAPPED THERE. 5428 03:53:11,538 --> 03:53:13,072 IN COLLABORATION WITH MY 5429 03:53:13,072 --> 03:53:15,575 COLLEAGUE AT PENN STATE ANDREW 5430 03:53:15,575 --> 03:53:17,544 PATTERSON WE'VE BEEN EXPLORING 5431 03:53:17,544 --> 03:53:18,611 VARIOUS PFAS. 5432 03:53:18,611 --> 03:53:21,581 ONE THING WE'VE COME TO REALIZE 5433 03:53:21,581 --> 03:53:23,983 PFAS EXHIBIT OFF-TARGET EFFECTS 5434 03:53:23,983 --> 03:53:25,218 ON HUMAN COMMUNITIES. 5435 03:53:25,218 --> 03:53:27,620 THAT'S SHOWN ON THE RIGHT. 5436 03:53:27,620 --> 03:53:29,689 IN THESE EXPERIMENTS WE'VE TAKEN 5437 03:53:29,689 --> 03:53:31,758 FOUR HEALTHY REFERENCE HUMAN 5438 03:53:31,758 --> 03:53:34,394 DONOR FECAL MATERIAL, GROW THEM 5439 03:53:34,394 --> 03:53:40,900 UP IN RICH MEDIA, 100 ORGANISMS 5440 03:53:40,900 --> 03:53:44,204 GROW OUT AND EXPOSE THEM TO WIDE 5441 03:53:44,204 --> 03:53:45,004 RANGE OF PFAS. 5442 03:53:45,004 --> 03:53:46,873 DEPENDING ON SPECIES CAN HAVE 5443 03:53:46,873 --> 03:53:48,408 VARIETY EFFECTS ON GROWTH. 5444 03:53:48,408 --> 03:53:51,678 PERHAPS THE MOST OBVIOUS IS AOF 5445 03:53:51,678 --> 03:53:53,246 IN RED. 5446 03:53:53,246 --> 03:53:56,182 IN DONOR 1 ALMOST COMPLETELY 5447 03:53:56,182 --> 03:54:00,119 KNOCKS OUT ABILITY OF MICROBE TO 5448 03:54:00,119 --> 03:54:00,320 GROW. 5449 03:54:00,320 --> 03:54:02,422 DONOR 3, THERE'S A DELAY, THEY 5450 03:54:02,422 --> 03:54:05,725 CAN RECOVER. 5451 03:54:05,725 --> 03:54:06,893 THIS AFFECTS TRANSCRIPTOME 5452 03:54:06,893 --> 03:54:08,528 METABOLOME INCLUDING FORMATION 5453 03:54:08,528 --> 03:54:09,896 OF BENEFICIAL METABOLITES BUT WE 5454 03:54:09,896 --> 03:54:11,698 WANTED TO UNDERSTAND WHO WAS 5455 03:54:11,698 --> 03:54:12,699 AFFECTED BY THIS. 5456 03:54:12,699 --> 03:54:15,235 SO THROUGH LARGE SCALE SCREENING 5457 03:54:15,235 --> 03:54:17,070 OF HUMAN ISOLATES, WE'VE 5458 03:54:17,070 --> 03:54:22,041 IDENTIFIED CORE MICROBES 5459 03:54:22,041 --> 03:54:23,476 RESPONSIVE TO COMPOUNDS. 5460 03:54:23,476 --> 03:54:26,079 TOXICITY APPEAR TO BE CORRELATED 5461 03:54:26,079 --> 03:54:27,614 WITH NUMBER OF FLUORINES IN THE 5462 03:54:27,614 --> 03:54:28,381 CHAIN. 5463 03:54:28,381 --> 03:54:30,583 A PICTURE SAYS A THOUSAND WORDS. 5464 03:54:30,583 --> 03:54:32,652 I'M HAPPY THIS MONITOR SHOWS IT 5465 03:54:32,652 --> 03:54:33,319 WELL ENOUGH. 5466 03:54:33,319 --> 03:54:35,989 WHAT THIS IS ON THE LEFT IS 5467 03:54:35,989 --> 03:54:38,057 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE 5468 03:54:38,057 --> 03:54:39,959 ACTUAL MICROBE THAT'S BEEN THIN 5469 03:54:39,959 --> 03:54:40,693 SECTIONED. 5470 03:54:40,693 --> 03:54:43,663 AND THEN NEXT TO IT IS AN 5471 03:54:43,663 --> 03:54:46,199 ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS. 5472 03:54:46,199 --> 03:54:47,500 THE CENTER COLUMN SHOWS 5473 03:54:47,500 --> 03:54:49,469 NITROGEN, SHOULD BE FOUND IN 5474 03:54:49,469 --> 03:54:52,538 BACTERIAL CELLS. 5475 03:54:52,538 --> 03:54:54,073 NEXT COLUMN SHOWS FLUORINE, NOT 5476 03:54:54,073 --> 03:54:55,675 HIGH IN NATURAL SYSTEMS. 5477 03:54:55,675 --> 03:54:57,677 YOU CAN SEE MIRRORING THE 5478 03:54:57,677 --> 03:55:05,018 OUTLINE OF THE CELL, THE THIS IS 5479 03:55:05,018 --> 03:55:06,319 A VERY RAPID PROCESS, SHOWN HERE 5480 03:55:06,319 --> 03:55:08,288 IN THE PANEL ON THE RIGHT. 5481 03:55:08,288 --> 03:55:11,257 WITHIN HALF AN HOUR THEY HAVE 5482 03:55:11,257 --> 03:55:14,427 TAKEN UP 40% OF AOF, THIS PFAS 5483 03:55:14,427 --> 03:55:15,762 WITHIN THE SYSTEM. 5484 03:55:15,762 --> 03:55:17,397 AND THEN ABOUT 3 HOURS, YOU CAN 5485 03:55:17,397 --> 03:55:20,566 SEE IT START TO DISAPPEAR. 5486 03:55:20,566 --> 03:55:23,069 ONE EXCITING THING, THAT'S NOT 5487 03:55:23,069 --> 03:55:24,304 THEM RELEASING THE PFAS, THEY 5488 03:55:24,304 --> 03:55:28,541 ARE CHANGING TO DIFFERENT FORM 5489 03:55:28,541 --> 03:55:33,046 BY MESSING WITH THAT HEAD GROUP. 5490 03:55:33,046 --> 03:55:35,014 GUT MICROBES CAN ACCUMULATE AND 5491 03:55:35,014 --> 03:55:36,749 POTENTIALLY CHANGE FORM. 5492 03:55:36,749 --> 03:55:39,285 AS WE LOOK FORWARD, I THINK 5493 03:55:39,285 --> 03:55:40,586 MANIPULATION OF GUT MICROBES, 5494 03:55:40,586 --> 03:55:42,555 THIS HAS GREAT POTENTIAL. 5495 03:55:42,555 --> 03:55:44,991 WE CAN ACT AT THE CRUCIAL MOMENT 5496 03:55:44,991 --> 03:55:49,662 FOR DIETARY EXPOSURE WHEN EDCs 5497 03:55:49,662 --> 03:55:51,664 ENTER THE BLOODSTREAM. 5498 03:55:51,664 --> 03:55:53,499 PROBIOTICS AND FERMENTED FOOD 5499 03:55:53,499 --> 03:55:54,801 CAN BE INCORPORATED INTO A DIET, 5500 03:55:54,801 --> 03:55:57,136 MANY PEOPLE DO THAT. 5501 03:55:57,136 --> 03:56:00,273 THEY CAN BE LOW COST TO PRODUCE. 5502 03:56:00,273 --> 03:56:03,476 PROBIOTIC PRODUCTS THAT WE USED 5503 03:56:03,476 --> 03:56:05,078 IN TANZANIA WERE PRODUCED IN 5504 03:56:05,078 --> 03:56:05,845 COMMUNITY KITCHENS. 5505 03:56:05,845 --> 03:56:08,414 IF HAVE YOU MILK YOU CAN 5506 03:56:08,414 --> 03:56:10,049 PROPAGATE ORGANISMS THROUGH THAT 5507 03:56:10,049 --> 03:56:11,317 IN A HOME KITCHEN. 5508 03:56:11,317 --> 03:56:14,754 I THINK TWO OF THE NEXT BIG 5509 03:56:14,754 --> 03:56:16,622 STEPS GOING FORWARD, WE NEED TO 5510 03:56:16,622 --> 03:56:18,691 DO INTERVENTION STUDIES IN 5511 03:56:18,691 --> 03:56:20,460 HUMANS ADEQUATELY POWERED AND 5512 03:56:20,460 --> 03:56:22,428 UNDERSTAND WHAT MECHANISMS AND 5513 03:56:22,428 --> 03:56:24,297 MICROBE EDC INTERACTION ARE THAT 5514 03:56:24,297 --> 03:56:26,599 COULD OPEN THE DOOR FOR TARGETED 5515 03:56:26,599 --> 03:56:26,866 THERAPIES. 5516 03:56:26,866 --> 03:56:29,469 I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY LAB AND 5517 03:56:29,469 --> 03:56:32,071 ANDREW PATTERSON AT PENN STATE 5518 03:56:32,071 --> 03:56:35,675 AND OUR FUNDING SOURCES. 5519 03:56:35,675 --> 03:56:37,510 >> FABULOUS TALK. 5520 03:56:37,510 --> 03:56:44,851 THANK YOU SO MUCH, DR. BISANZ. 5521 03:56:44,851 --> 03:56:46,119 LAST IS DIANA ROOPCHAND. 5522 03:56:46,119 --> 03:56:49,889 PLEASE COME UP TO THE PODIUM. 5523 03:56:49,889 --> 03:56:58,564 >> OKAY. 5524 03:56:58,564 --> 03:56:59,966 IT'S A PLEASURE TO BE HERE. 5525 03:56:59,966 --> 03:57:01,834 BEFORE I GET INTO MY WORK I'M 5526 03:57:01,834 --> 03:57:03,703 GOING TO SUMMARIZE THE WORK OF 5527 03:57:03,703 --> 03:57:05,671 MY COLLEAGUE WHO WAS NOT ABLE TO 5528 03:57:05,671 --> 03:57:08,841 MAKE THE MEETING, TROY IS A 5529 03:57:08,841 --> 03:57:10,843 NEUROENDOCRINOLOGIST IN THE 5530 03:57:10,843 --> 03:57:13,546 ANIMAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT AT 5531 03:57:13,546 --> 03:57:14,781 RUTGERS. 5532 03:57:14,781 --> 03:57:16,349 AND HE STUDIES ORGANOPHOSPHATE 5533 03:57:16,349 --> 03:57:17,250 FLAME RETARDANTS. 5534 03:57:17,250 --> 03:57:18,618 WE'VE TOUCHED ON THIS ALREADY. 5535 03:57:18,618 --> 03:57:21,220 THIS IS A CLASS OF EDCs USED 5536 03:57:21,220 --> 03:57:24,490 IN MANY KINDS OF COMMERCIAL 5537 03:57:24,490 --> 03:57:25,558 PRODUCTS, EVERYTHING FROM FUN 5538 03:57:25,558 --> 03:57:35,668 TIRE -- FURNITURE TO FOODS, SHE 5539 03:57:35,668 --> 03:57:39,505 EXAMPLES HERE, TCP, TPP, TDCPP. 5540 03:57:39,505 --> 03:57:42,675 HE STUDIES ORGANOPHOSPHATES IN 5541 03:57:42,675 --> 03:57:43,009 MIXTURES. 5542 03:57:43,009 --> 03:57:44,210 THESE ARE -- WE'RE EXPOSED TO 5543 03:57:44,210 --> 03:57:45,511 THESE ALL THE TIME. 5544 03:57:45,511 --> 03:57:48,815 MAINLY IN DUST THAT WE'RE 5545 03:57:48,815 --> 03:57:50,116 INGESTING. 5546 03:57:50,116 --> 03:57:54,720 AND EXPOSURE ESTIMATES ARE 1:100 5547 03:57:54,720 --> 03:57:56,022 MICROGRAMS PER KILOGRAM PER DAY. 5548 03:57:56,022 --> 03:57:58,791 THIS IS ENOUGH TO HAVE 5549 03:57:58,791 --> 03:58:01,561 PHYSIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT LEVELS 5550 03:58:01,561 --> 03:58:03,696 IN OUR SERUM, BREAST MILK AND 5551 03:58:03,696 --> 03:58:03,996 URINE. 5552 03:58:03,996 --> 03:58:09,068 SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT 5553 03:58:09,068 --> 03:58:12,572 RESEARCHERS FOUND OPFRs CAN 5554 03:58:12,572 --> 03:58:14,640 INTERACT WITH NUCLEAR RECEPTORS, 5555 03:58:14,640 --> 03:58:19,479 AND BOTH E.R. ALPHA AND PPAR 5556 03:58:19,479 --> 03:58:23,850 GAMMA ARE REGULATORS OF ENERGY 5557 03:58:23,850 --> 03:58:24,717 HOMEOSTASIS. 5558 03:58:24,717 --> 03:58:26,786 BALANCING ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS IS 5559 03:58:26,786 --> 03:58:29,422 A CAREFUL COORDINATION OF FOOD 5560 03:58:29,422 --> 03:58:31,157 INTAKE AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE. 5561 03:58:31,157 --> 03:58:35,094 AND SO THIS IS REGULATED BY 5562 03:58:35,094 --> 03:58:37,296 PERIPHERAL MARKERS OF ENERGY 5563 03:58:37,296 --> 03:58:41,134 STATUS SUCH AS BLOOD GLUCOSE, 5564 03:58:41,134 --> 03:58:43,102 FREE FATTY ACIDS, INSULIN AND 5565 03:58:43,102 --> 03:58:43,336 LEPTIN. 5566 03:58:43,336 --> 03:58:45,638 HOWEVER, A LOT OF THIS 5567 03:58:45,638 --> 03:58:48,708 REGULATION IS ACTUALLY OCCURRING 5568 03:58:48,708 --> 03:58:51,544 CENTRALLY IN THE BRAIN. 5569 03:58:51,544 --> 03:58:54,480 AND SO MOST OF THE REGULATION IS 5570 03:58:54,480 --> 03:58:56,549 GOING ON IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS, 5571 03:58:56,549 --> 03:58:59,952 AND THIS IS A BLOWUP OF THE 5572 03:58:59,952 --> 03:59:05,224 HYPOTHALAMUS, WHAT YOU'RE 5573 03:59:05,224 --> 03:59:11,998 LOOKING AT HERE IS A RCUATE 5574 03:59:11,998 --> 03:59:13,633 NUCLEUS TO SENSE ENERGY STATES 5575 03:59:13,633 --> 03:59:20,006 THAT ARE GOING ON PERIPHERALLY 5576 03:59:20,006 --> 03:59:22,441 BECAUSE THIS IS IS ADJACENT TO 5577 03:59:22,441 --> 03:59:23,843 LEAKY PORTION OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN 5578 03:59:23,843 --> 03:59:24,076 BARRIER. 5579 03:59:24,076 --> 03:59:27,213 THIS IS AN AREA WHERE IT CAN -- 5580 03:59:27,213 --> 03:59:28,247 NEURONS CAN INTEGRATE SIGNALS 5581 03:59:28,247 --> 03:59:31,817 FROM GLUE COAST BUT THEN ALSO 5582 03:59:31,817 --> 03:59:34,153 OTHER HORMONES. 5583 03:59:34,153 --> 03:59:43,029 SO SINCE THESE OPFR COMPOUNDS 5584 03:59:43,029 --> 03:59:44,997 INTERACT, HIGHLY EXPRESSED, 5585 03:59:44,997 --> 03:59:46,732 OPFRs ARE LIKELY DISRUPTING 5586 03:59:46,732 --> 03:59:50,136 ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS, THAT'S BEEN 5587 03:59:50,136 --> 03:59:52,972 THE HYPOTHESIS. 5588 03:59:52,972 --> 03:59:54,840 SO THE ROEPKE LAB PUBLISHED 5589 03:59:54,840 --> 03:59:57,577 SEVERAL STUDIES TO INVESTIGATE 5590 03:59:57,577 --> 04:00:01,414 EFFECTS OF OPFRs ON OFFSPRING 5591 04:00:01,414 --> 04:00:04,584 AFTER MATERNAL EXPOSURE AND IN 5592 04:00:04,584 --> 04:00:05,585 ADULT RODENTS WHILE ADULTS. 5593 04:00:05,585 --> 04:00:06,919 IN ALL OF THE STUDIES THAT HAVE 5594 04:00:06,919 --> 04:00:10,957 BEEN DONE IN THE LAB, HE HAS 5595 04:00:10,957 --> 04:00:13,292 USED THIS MIXTURE OF 1 MILLIGRAM 5596 04:00:13,292 --> 04:00:15,261 PER KILOGRAM OF EACH OF THESE 5597 04:00:15,261 --> 04:00:17,663 THREE COMPOUNDS THAT I 5598 04:00:17,663 --> 04:00:17,930 MENTIONED. 5599 04:00:17,930 --> 04:00:21,601 THEY HAVE LOOKED AT THIS MIXTURE 5600 04:00:21,601 --> 04:00:24,437 IN SEVERAL DIFFERENT TYPES OF 5601 04:00:24,437 --> 04:00:26,138 STRAINS OF MICE, USING DIFFERENT 5602 04:00:26,138 --> 04:00:28,040 TYPES OF DIETS, THEY HAVE LOOKED 5603 04:00:28,040 --> 04:00:29,775 AT A BATTERY OF ENDPOINTS. 5604 04:00:29,775 --> 04:00:31,110 THAT'S A TON OF DATA. 5605 04:00:31,110 --> 04:00:33,179 I'M SHARING A FEW PIECE ALSO OF 5606 04:00:33,179 --> 04:00:35,248 DATA THEY HAVE PUBLISHED. 5607 04:00:35,248 --> 04:00:39,318 SO HERE IN A MA TERM EXPOSURE TO 5608 04:00:39,318 --> 04:00:40,519 THIS MIXTURE OF OPFRs WHAT 5609 04:00:40,519 --> 04:00:44,457 THEY FOUND WAS IT RESULTED IN 5610 04:00:44,457 --> 04:00:45,758 INCREASED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC 5611 04:00:45,758 --> 04:00:47,593 BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADULT MALE 5612 04:00:47,593 --> 04:00:49,362 OFFSPRING WHETHER THEY WERE ON A 5613 04:00:49,362 --> 04:00:51,897 LOW FAT DIET OR WHETHER THEY 5614 04:00:51,897 --> 04:00:54,200 WERE ON A HIGH FAT DIET. 5615 04:00:54,200 --> 04:00:58,771 THIS WAS NOT OBSERVED IN 5616 04:00:58,771 --> 04:00:59,005 FEMALES. 5617 04:00:59,005 --> 04:01:04,377 SO THOSE ARE THE ARROWS SHOWING 5618 04:01:04,377 --> 04:01:04,877 DIFFERENCES. 5619 04:01:04,877 --> 04:01:08,080 IN THIS MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO 5620 04:01:08,080 --> 04:01:09,949 OPFRs THEY OBSERVED SEVERAL 5621 04:01:09,949 --> 04:01:12,251 OTHER SEX-SPECIFIC EFFECTS IN 5622 04:01:12,251 --> 04:01:13,219 THE OFFSPRING. 5623 04:01:13,219 --> 04:01:16,489 SUCH AS DIFFERENCES IN ENERGY 5624 04:01:16,489 --> 04:01:19,325 AND GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS, CHANGES 5625 04:01:19,325 --> 04:01:20,426 IN VARIOUS BEHAVIORS, AND 5626 04:01:20,426 --> 04:01:23,496 INTERESTINGLY WHEN THEY LOOKED 5627 04:01:23,496 --> 04:01:25,464 AT NEONATAL HYPOTHALAMIC AND 5628 04:01:25,464 --> 04:01:27,333 HEPATIC GENE EXPRESSION THEY 5629 04:01:27,333 --> 04:01:28,734 FOUND GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES 5630 04:01:28,734 --> 04:01:30,503 SUGGESTED AS THE MICE MATURED 5631 04:01:30,503 --> 04:01:32,371 THEY WOULD EXPERIENCE 5632 04:01:32,371 --> 04:01:34,440 ALTERATIONS IN PUBERTY, HORMONE 5633 04:01:34,440 --> 04:01:37,510 SENSITIVITY, AND METABOLISM OF 5634 04:01:37,510 --> 04:01:39,478 GLUCOSE AND FATTY ACIDS. 5635 04:01:39,478 --> 04:01:41,781 SO, THESE ARE EXPERIMENTS THAT 5636 04:01:41,781 --> 04:01:44,917 WERE DONE IN ADULTS NOW. 5637 04:01:44,917 --> 04:01:47,586 AND IN THIS CASE EXPOSED TO OPFR 5638 04:01:47,586 --> 04:01:48,754 MIXTURE FOR SEVEN WEEKS. 5639 04:01:48,754 --> 04:01:53,592 WHAT WAS FOUND WAS THAT THE OPFR 5640 04:01:53,592 --> 04:01:57,530 STIMULATED WEIGHT GAIN AND FAT 5641 04:01:57,530 --> 04:01:59,465 MASS ACCUMULATION ONLY IN 5642 04:01:59,465 --> 04:02:01,500 HIGH-DIET-FED MALES, NO 5643 04:02:01,500 --> 04:02:04,804 OBESOGENIC EFFECT IN LOW FAT 5644 04:02:04,804 --> 04:02:07,106 MALES BUT THERE WAS IN HIGH FAT 5645 04:02:07,106 --> 04:02:08,941 DIE ELSE MALES, NO EFFECT IN 5646 04:02:08,941 --> 04:02:09,275 FEMALES. 5647 04:02:09,275 --> 04:02:14,113 MALES TEND TO BE MORE SENSITIVE 5648 04:02:14,113 --> 04:02:15,514 TO OPFR COMPOUNDS IN THESE 5649 04:02:15,514 --> 04:02:16,115 EXPERIMENTS. 5650 04:02:16,115 --> 04:02:19,251 IN ANOTHER SET OF EXPERIMENTS TO 5651 04:02:19,251 --> 04:02:21,120 DETERMINE IF ER ALPHA OR PPAR 5652 04:02:21,120 --> 04:02:22,855 GAMMA WERE REQUIRED THEY LOOKED 5653 04:02:22,855 --> 04:02:24,090 AT KNOCKOUT MODELS. 5654 04:02:24,090 --> 04:02:26,826 WHAT THEY FOUND WAS IN ADULT 5655 04:02:26,826 --> 04:02:29,128 MICE, THE EFFECTS OF THE HIGH 5656 04:02:29,128 --> 04:02:33,733 FAT DIET AND COMBINATION OF THE 5657 04:02:33,733 --> 04:02:36,469 OPFRs ON BODY MASS, FAT MASS, 5658 04:02:36,469 --> 04:02:37,570 ALTERED FEEDING BEHAVIOR WERE 5659 04:02:37,570 --> 04:02:40,072 LOST IN ANIMALS WITH A WHOLE 5660 04:02:40,072 --> 04:02:42,708 BODY ALPHA KNOCKOUT OR IN 5661 04:02:42,708 --> 04:02:44,677 ANIMALS WITH A NEURONAL-SPECIFIC 5662 04:02:44,677 --> 04:02:46,312 PPAR GAMMA KNOCKOUT. 5663 04:02:46,312 --> 04:02:48,381 SO THIS SUGGESTS IN ORDER FOR 5664 04:02:48,381 --> 04:02:52,118 THESE EFFECTS TO BE SEEN YOU 5665 04:02:52,118 --> 04:02:56,155 NEED TO HAVE INTACT PPAR GAMMA 5666 04:02:56,155 --> 04:02:57,690 TO POTENTIATE EFFECTS. 5667 04:02:57,690 --> 04:03:03,162 TO SUMMARIZE THE PRIMARY RISK OF 5668 04:03:03,162 --> 04:03:04,964 OPPRs AND EDC EXPOSURES IS 5669 04:03:04,964 --> 04:03:08,634 DISRUPTION OF ENERGY HOMEO STAYS 5670 04:03:08,634 --> 04:03:11,170 IN THIS -- - HOMEOSTASIS. 5671 04:03:11,170 --> 04:03:13,606 THESE MAY CULMINATE IN 5672 04:03:13,606 --> 04:03:14,573 DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC 5673 04:03:14,573 --> 04:03:14,840 DISEASES. 5674 04:03:14,840 --> 04:03:17,176 SO OF COURSE THERE ARE MANY 5675 04:03:17,176 --> 04:03:20,045 OTHER MOLECULAR TARGETS OF 5676 04:03:20,045 --> 04:03:23,649 EDCs, NOT JUST ALPHA AND PPAR 5677 04:03:23,649 --> 04:03:32,191 GAMMA, SOME ARE BILE ACID 5678 04:03:32,191 --> 04:03:33,225 RECEPTORS. 5679 04:03:33,225 --> 04:03:35,561 EDC IS ALSO -- CAN INITIATE 5680 04:03:35,561 --> 04:03:37,863 EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS AS WE 5681 04:03:37,863 --> 04:03:39,832 HEARD AND INDUCE MITOCHONDRIAL 5682 04:03:39,832 --> 04:03:40,399 STRESS. 5683 04:03:40,399 --> 04:03:42,368 SO, STUDIES HAVE MAINLY BEEN 5684 04:03:42,368 --> 04:03:44,336 ADDRESSING SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS OR 5685 04:03:44,336 --> 04:03:46,605 CLASSES OF EDCs BUT WE KNOW 5686 04:03:46,605 --> 04:03:51,310 REAL WORLD EXPOSURES CONSIST OF 5687 04:03:51,310 --> 04:03:57,817 MIXTURE OF EDCs, AND CURRENT 5688 04:03:57,817 --> 04:03:58,784 REGULATORY APPROVAL PROCESSES DO 5689 04:03:58,784 --> 04:04:01,720 NOT REQUIRE SAFETY TESTING OF 5690 04:04:01,720 --> 04:04:04,557 PESTICIDE MIXTURES. 5691 04:04:04,557 --> 04:04:06,959 WE KNOW EDC EXPOSURE CAN PREVENT 5692 04:04:06,959 --> 04:04:13,332 THIS TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS, GUT 5693 04:04:13,332 --> 04:04:14,767 DYSBIOSIS, IMPAIRED BARRIER, IN 5694 04:04:14,767 --> 04:04:19,905 THE CONTEXT OF FEEDING HIGH FAT 5695 04:04:19,905 --> 04:04:22,741 DIET BUT MANY CAN JUST BE 5696 04:04:22,741 --> 04:04:23,709 EXPOSED TO EDCs. 5697 04:04:23,709 --> 04:04:27,446 IN THE ABSENCE OF EDCs, THE 5698 04:04:27,446 --> 04:04:33,686 MOUSE OR RAT WOULD SHOW HEALTHY 5699 04:04:33,686 --> 04:04:35,321 GUT, LOW FIRMICUTE TO 5700 04:04:35,321 --> 04:04:39,024 BACTEROIDES RATIO, HIGH LEVEL OF 5701 04:04:39,024 --> 04:04:41,560 LACTOBACILLUS, NORMAL LEVELS OF 5702 04:04:41,560 --> 04:04:45,464 TIGHT JUNCTION EXPRESSION, 5703 04:04:45,464 --> 04:04:51,704 INTACT INTESTINAL UP EPITHELIUM, 5704 04:04:51,704 --> 04:04:53,906 NORMAT INTESTINAL RESPONSE. 5705 04:04:53,906 --> 04:04:56,108 WE FIND DECREASE IN 5706 04:04:56,108 --> 04:04:57,977 LACTOBACILLUS IMPORTANT FOR 5707 04:04:57,977 --> 04:04:58,511 MAINTAINING INTEGRITY OF 5708 04:04:58,511 --> 04:05:01,146 EPITHELIUM, THIS CAUSE WHAT IS 5709 04:05:01,146 --> 04:05:04,850 WE CALL LEAKY GUT, WHERE 5710 04:05:04,850 --> 04:05:09,588 LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND OTHER 5711 04:05:09,588 --> 04:05:12,057 BACTERIAL COMPONENTS CAN LEAK 5712 04:05:12,057 --> 04:05:14,360 ACROSS EPITHELIUM AND INDUCE 5713 04:05:14,360 --> 04:05:16,362 METABOLICS TOXEMIA, THIS IS ALSO 5714 04:05:16,362 --> 04:05:18,531 CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASE IN 5715 04:05:18,531 --> 04:05:19,732 INFLAMMATION IN THE INTESTINAL 5716 04:05:19,732 --> 04:05:22,301 TISSUES AS WELL AS SYSTEMICALLY. 5717 04:05:22,301 --> 04:05:24,937 THIS CAN LEAD TO INSULIN 5718 04:05:24,937 --> 04:05:26,839 RESISTANCE AND INCREASE IN 5719 04:05:26,839 --> 04:05:27,873 GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. 5720 04:05:27,873 --> 04:05:30,175 ALL OF THIS HAS FURTHER BEEN 5721 04:05:30,175 --> 04:05:32,044 ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED 5722 04:05:32,044 --> 04:05:34,346 PRODUCTION OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS, 5723 04:05:34,346 --> 04:05:36,949 GUT PEPTIDES, AND THE AMOUNTS 5724 04:05:36,949 --> 04:05:39,585 AND PROFILES OF BILE ACIDS AND 5725 04:05:39,585 --> 04:05:41,320 SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS THAT ARE 5726 04:05:41,320 --> 04:05:42,221 PRODUCE THE. 5727 04:05:42,221 --> 04:05:44,823 SO, ONE THING I SHOULD MENTION, 5728 04:05:44,823 --> 04:05:47,459 I MENTIONED THIS IS INDUCED BY 5729 04:05:47,459 --> 04:05:50,429 HIGH FAT DIET, THE TRIAD OF 5730 04:05:50,429 --> 04:05:53,732 SYMPTOMS IS NOTED IN MANY OTHER 5731 04:05:53,732 --> 04:05:55,901 METABOLIC DISEASES. 5732 04:05:55,901 --> 04:05:58,671 THEY HAVE THIS COMMON CHRONIC 5733 04:05:58,671 --> 04:05:59,705 LOW GRADE INTESTINAL 5734 04:05:59,705 --> 04:06:00,205 INFLAMMATION. 5735 04:06:00,205 --> 04:06:01,273 AND SO WHAT ARE THE APPROACHES 5736 04:06:01,273 --> 04:06:06,512 THAT WE COULD USE TO MITIGATE OR 5737 04:06:06,512 --> 04:06:07,513 REPAIR THIS TRIAD? 5738 04:06:07,513 --> 04:06:11,684 SO, I WORK IN THIS AREA, MAINLY 5739 04:06:11,684 --> 04:06:14,186 LOOKING AT FOODS, DIETARY 5740 04:06:14,186 --> 04:06:15,621 SUPPLEMENTS, NATURAL PRODUCT 5741 04:06:15,621 --> 04:06:16,889 COMPOUNDS THAT CAN MITIGATE 5742 04:06:16,889 --> 04:06:22,294 METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OTHER 5743 04:06:22,294 --> 04:06:25,130 TYPES OF METABOLIC DISEASE. 5744 04:06:25,130 --> 04:06:27,933 PRE-BIOTICS IS FEEDING THE GUT 5745 04:06:27,933 --> 04:06:30,603 BACTERIA, DIETARY FIBER AND 5746 04:06:30,603 --> 04:06:32,471 DIETARY POLYPHENOLS. 5747 04:06:32,471 --> 04:06:34,340 PROBIOTICS DEFINED AS LIVE 5748 04:06:34,340 --> 04:06:35,641 MICROORGANISMS OF DEFINED 5749 04:06:35,641 --> 04:06:36,642 SPECIES AND STRAIN. 5750 04:06:36,642 --> 04:06:39,378 THERE'S SEVERAL THAT ARE ON THE 5751 04:06:39,378 --> 04:06:43,315 MARKET, MOST ARE BACTERIA, YOU 5752 04:06:43,315 --> 04:06:45,718 HAVE YEAST, AND THEN WE KNOW 5753 04:06:45,718 --> 04:06:47,920 THAT YOU DON'T NECESSARILY NEED 5754 04:06:47,920 --> 04:06:49,755 TO HAVE LIVE BACTERIA. 5755 04:06:49,755 --> 04:06:51,924 YOU CAN HAVE NON-VIABLE BACTERIA 5756 04:06:51,924 --> 04:06:54,693 THAT HAVE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, OR 5757 04:06:54,693 --> 04:06:55,995 BACTERIAL COMPONENTS, OR 5758 04:06:55,995 --> 04:06:56,762 METABOLITES. 5759 04:06:56,762 --> 04:06:58,063 SO EXAMPLES OF METABOLITES WOULD 5760 04:06:58,063 --> 04:07:03,235 BE SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS, THE 5761 04:07:03,235 --> 04:07:05,971 RESULT OF FIBRO METABOLISM BY 5762 04:07:05,971 --> 04:07:08,340 GUT BACTERIA OR PHENOLIC ACID, 5763 04:07:08,340 --> 04:07:12,111 RESULT OF METABOLISM OF DIETARY 5764 04:07:12,111 --> 04:07:12,411 POLYPHENOLS. 5765 04:07:12,411 --> 04:07:15,381 AND SO JUST AN EXAMPLE FROM MY 5766 04:07:15,381 --> 04:07:19,952 OWN WORK WE'RE INTERESTED MAINLY 5767 04:07:19,952 --> 04:07:25,024 IN COMPOUNDS WE EXTRACTED FROM 5768 04:07:25,024 --> 04:07:28,093 GRAPE THAT CAN PROMOTE METABOLIC 5769 04:07:28,093 --> 04:07:30,929 HEALTH AND RESOLVE SYMPTOMS IN 5770 04:07:30,929 --> 04:07:32,331 OUR MODELS. 5771 04:07:32,331 --> 04:07:36,735 GRAPE POLYPHENOLS ARE POORLY 5772 04:07:36,735 --> 04:07:37,169 ABSORBED COMPOUNDS. 5773 04:07:37,169 --> 04:07:42,107 SO STAY IN THE LUMINA OF THE GT 5774 04:07:42,107 --> 04:07:43,542 AND THEY CAN ACT, HYPOTHESIS HAS 5775 04:07:43,542 --> 04:07:47,880 BEEN THAT THEY ARE ABLE TO 5776 04:07:47,880 --> 04:07:53,452 IMPROVE METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS BY 5777 04:07:53,452 --> 04:07:58,157 HOST DERIVED METABOLITES TO 5778 04:07:58,157 --> 04:08:01,527 SIGNAL TO THE HOST CELLS. 5779 04:08:01,527 --> 04:08:03,162 WHEN WE WORK WITH THEM WE 5780 04:08:03,162 --> 04:08:06,298 EXTRACT IT FROM WASTE PRODUCT 5781 04:08:06,298 --> 04:08:09,001 AND FROM CONCORDE GRAPE HUMMUS 5782 04:08:09,001 --> 04:08:12,504 AND TAKE THAT AND BIO CHEMICALLY 5783 04:08:12,504 --> 04:08:19,411 CHARACTERIZE AND QUANTIFY THE 5784 04:08:19,411 --> 04:08:27,219 POLYPHENOLS AND THIS PROTEIN IS 5785 04:08:27,219 --> 04:08:30,456 NOT A HIGH SOURCE OF PHYTO 5786 04:08:30,456 --> 04:08:33,525 ESTROGENS WE SPOKE ABOUT IT'S A 5787 04:08:33,525 --> 04:08:37,863 PURIFIED PROTEIN. 5788 04:08:37,863 --> 04:08:45,537 WE TAKE THIS COMPLEX GRAPE POLL 5789 04:08:45,537 --> 04:08:49,775 PHENOL ISOLATES AND WE KNOW 5790 04:08:49,775 --> 04:08:51,210 THEY'RE STABLE AND BIO 5791 04:08:51,210 --> 04:08:52,878 ACCESSIBLE AND SHOW EFFICACY IN 5792 04:08:52,878 --> 04:08:55,013 OUR ANIMAL MODELS. 5793 04:08:55,013 --> 04:08:57,382 I SHOULD MENTION THIS IS A 5794 04:08:57,382 --> 04:09:07,926 PATENTED PROCESS AND LICENSED TO 5795 04:09:08,327 --> 04:09:08,660 NUT 5796 04:09:08,660 --> 04:09:09,061 NUT 5797 04:09:09,061 --> 04:09:10,295 NUTRISORB IN TERMS OF INDUCING 5798 04:09:10,295 --> 04:09:11,997 METABOLIC IMPROVEMENTS WE TESTED 5799 04:09:11,997 --> 04:09:13,398 IT IN SEVERAL ANIMAL MODELS. 5800 04:09:13,398 --> 04:09:15,901 I'LL SHOW TWO. 5801 04:09:15,901 --> 04:09:17,870 ONE IS THE HIGH-FAT FED WILD 5802 04:09:17,870 --> 04:09:19,738 TYPE MOUSE MODEL AND THE OTHER 5803 04:09:19,738 --> 04:09:23,242 IS DBDB MOUSE MODEL WITH A 5804 04:09:23,242 --> 04:09:24,877 MUTATION IN THE LEPTIN RECEPTOR 5805 04:09:24,877 --> 04:09:26,745 AND IN EITHER CASE IF YOU 5806 04:09:26,745 --> 04:09:29,548 SUPPLEMENT THE DIET WITH 1% 5807 04:09:29,548 --> 04:09:32,084 GRAPE POLYPHENOLS YOU GET AN 5808 04:09:32,084 --> 04:09:33,552 IMPROVEMENT IN GLUCOSE TOLERANCE 5809 04:09:33,552 --> 04:09:39,958 AND SEE A CHANGE IN THE GUT 5810 04:09:39,958 --> 04:09:44,596 MICROBUY -- MICROBIOTA AND WHILE 5811 04:09:44,596 --> 04:09:46,999 THE CHANGES ARE IN COMMON HOW WE 5812 04:09:46,999 --> 04:09:49,535 GET TO IMPROVE THE GLUCOSE 5813 04:09:49,535 --> 04:09:50,869 TOLERANT IS DIFFERENT DEPENDING 5814 04:09:50,869 --> 04:09:52,504 ON THE MODEL. 5815 04:09:52,504 --> 04:09:54,072 IN THE WILD TYPE ANIMALS WE SEE 5816 04:09:54,072 --> 04:09:57,943 A DECREASE IN ENDOTOXEMIA AND 5817 04:09:57,943 --> 04:09:59,578 SEVERAL INFLAMMATORY MARKERS. 5818 04:09:59,578 --> 04:10:02,748 IN THE DBDB MICE WE DON'T SEE A 5819 04:10:02,748 --> 04:10:04,249 CHANGE IN THE MARKERS OF 5820 04:10:04,249 --> 04:10:06,418 INFLAMMATION BUT WHAT WE SEE IS 5821 04:10:06,418 --> 04:10:09,922 A CHANGE IN BIO ACID PROFILE. 5822 04:10:09,922 --> 04:10:11,056 SPECIFICALLY INCREASE IN PRIMARY 5823 04:10:11,056 --> 04:10:18,530 BILE ACIDS AND INCREASE IN 5824 04:10:18,530 --> 04:10:23,035 CYP7A1 FOR SYNTHESIS AND 5825 04:10:23,035 --> 04:10:26,171 INCREASE IN R ACTIVE BASED ON A 5826 04:10:26,171 --> 04:10:27,940 DECREASE IN THE TARGET GENES. 5827 04:10:27,940 --> 04:10:29,675 AND WE KNOW FROM THE LITERATURE 5828 04:10:29,675 --> 04:10:33,979 THAT INHIBITION OF THE EFFECTS 5829 04:10:33,979 --> 04:10:38,116 IMPROVES GLUCOSE TOLERANCE IN 5830 04:10:38,116 --> 04:10:39,518 OBESE OR DIABETES MICE. 5831 04:10:39,518 --> 04:10:47,192 SO TO FIGURE OUT WHAT IS DOING 5832 04:10:47,192 --> 04:10:49,361 THIS WE COMPARED THE GRAPE 5833 04:10:49,361 --> 04:10:51,730 POLYPHENOL EXTRACT WITH THE 5834 04:10:51,730 --> 04:10:53,599 STANDARD IN WILD TYPE MICE JUST 5835 04:10:53,599 --> 04:10:56,602 FED LOW FAT DIET. 5836 04:10:56,602 --> 04:11:02,541 THE ANIMALS HAD THE EXTRACT OR 5837 04:11:02,541 --> 04:11:04,376 THE STANDARD FOR A SERIES OF 5838 04:11:04,376 --> 04:11:06,345 DAYS AND COLLECTED FECAL SAMPLES 5839 04:11:06,345 --> 04:11:07,479 BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT AND 5840 04:11:07,479 --> 04:11:11,183 YOU CAN SEE BY 10 DAYS AFTER 5841 04:11:11,183 --> 04:11:15,387 TREATMENT THE GRAPE POLYPHENOL 5842 04:11:15,387 --> 04:11:18,156 EXTRACT AS WELL AS THE PURIFIED 5843 04:11:18,156 --> 04:11:21,526 COMPOUNDS CAN BOTH INCREASE THIS 5844 04:11:21,526 --> 04:11:23,195 IN THE FECAL SAMPLES AS WELL AS 5845 04:11:23,195 --> 04:11:28,767 IN THE MICROBIOTA. 5846 04:11:28,767 --> 04:11:30,068 >> TWO MINUTES. 5847 04:11:30,068 --> 04:11:31,570 >> I'LL WRAP UP. 5848 04:11:31,570 --> 04:11:33,438 >> SO IT'S AN INTERESTING 5849 04:11:33,438 --> 04:11:33,672 MICROBE. 5850 04:11:33,672 --> 04:11:37,342 IT'S UP TO 4% OF THE GUT 5851 04:11:37,342 --> 04:11:38,110 MICROBIOTA IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS 5852 04:11:38,110 --> 04:11:42,614 AND IN A PLACEBO-CONTROLLED 5853 04:11:42,614 --> 04:11:44,416 TRIAL OF PASTURIZED COMPOUNDS IT 5854 04:11:44,416 --> 04:11:49,521 COULD REDUCE THE SYMPTOMS 5855 04:11:49,521 --> 04:11:50,622 WITHOUT THE LIVE MICROBE. 5856 04:11:50,622 --> 04:11:52,991 THE WAY IT SEEMS TO DO THAT IS 5857 04:11:52,991 --> 04:11:55,560 AT LEAST PART OF THE MECHANISM 5858 04:11:55,560 --> 04:12:01,300 IS IT CREATES P9 A PROTEIN TO 5859 04:12:01,300 --> 04:12:05,470 STIMULATE GOP1 THAT INCREASES 5860 04:12:05,470 --> 04:12:07,906 INSULIN SECRETION FOR IMPROVED 5861 04:12:07,906 --> 04:12:09,942 HOMEOSTASIS. 5862 04:12:09,942 --> 04:12:14,313 INTERVENTIONS THAT PROMOTE MAY 5863 04:12:14,313 --> 04:12:15,080 PROMOTE METABOLIC HEALTH. 5864 04:12:15,080 --> 04:12:16,915 WE DID A CLINICAL STUDY TO 5865 04:12:16,915 --> 04:12:18,817 ANSWER THE QUESTION DO ANY OF 5866 04:12:18,817 --> 04:12:22,087 THESE DATA TRANSLATE TO HUMANS 5867 04:12:22,087 --> 04:12:26,425 AND HOW DO THE GRAPE POLYPHENOLS 5868 04:12:26,425 --> 04:12:28,226 AFFECT THE HUMAN MICROBIOME AND 5869 04:12:28,226 --> 04:12:30,362 PROTEOME AND METABOLITES? 5870 04:12:30,362 --> 04:12:33,532 THIS WAS A SINGLE-ARM 5871 04:12:33,532 --> 04:12:35,567 LONGITUDINAL STUDY WHERE WE GAVE 5872 04:12:35,567 --> 04:12:39,938 EITHER THE PROTEIN ISOLATE TO 5873 04:12:39,938 --> 04:12:43,308 ACCLIMATE PEOPLE TO THE PRODUCT 5874 04:12:43,308 --> 04:12:46,044 OR THE ISOLATE FOR 10 DAYS OF 5875 04:12:46,044 --> 04:12:47,512 DAILY DOSING. 5876 04:12:47,512 --> 04:12:51,049 THEY DID NOT HAVE ANY OF THESE 5877 04:12:51,049 --> 04:12:52,551 ENRICHED FOODS DURING THE STUDY 5878 04:12:52,551 --> 04:12:55,520 PERIOD AND COLLECTED SERUM, 5879 04:12:55,520 --> 04:13:01,259 BLOOD AND FECES AND WE FOUND THE 5880 04:13:01,259 --> 04:13:03,962 CHANGES TO THE GUT PROTEOME WERE 5881 04:13:03,962 --> 04:13:04,796 TRANSIENT. 5882 04:13:04,796 --> 04:13:10,202 AND ANY CHANGES BY DAY 2 OR 4 5883 04:13:10,202 --> 04:13:13,538 REVERTED A BASELINE SUGGESTING A 5884 04:13:13,538 --> 04:13:15,941 RAPID ADAPTATION AND WE SAW THE 5885 04:13:15,941 --> 04:13:17,075 SUPPLEMENTATION REDUCED FASTING 5886 04:13:17,075 --> 04:13:20,078 GLUCOSE IN THESE SUBJECTS AND WE 5887 04:13:20,078 --> 04:13:22,514 SAW AN INCREASE IN A BILE ACID 5888 04:13:22,514 --> 04:13:29,121 THAT ALSO INDUCES GLP-1 5889 04:13:29,121 --> 04:13:32,157 PRODUCTION AND TO SUMMARIZE THIS 5890 04:13:32,157 --> 04:13:37,162 IS THE FIRST STUDY SHOWING THE 5891 04:13:37,162 --> 04:13:38,630 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THESE AND 5892 04:13:38,630 --> 04:13:40,532 FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE AND NEEDS 5893 04:13:40,532 --> 04:13:43,502 TO BE CONFIRMED IN LAYERING 5894 04:13:43,502 --> 04:13:47,339 STUDIES WITH SUBJECTS WITH 5895 04:13:47,339 --> 04:13:48,707 IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE. 5896 04:13:48,707 --> 04:13:51,443 FOOD IS A MAJOR SOURCE OF EDCs 5897 04:13:51,443 --> 04:13:51,943 ITSELF. 5898 04:13:51,943 --> 04:13:55,380 I THINK WHAT'S KEY IS TO 5899 04:13:55,380 --> 04:13:57,983 MINIMIZE ULTRA PROCESSED 5900 04:13:57,983 --> 04:14:00,185 PACKAGED FOODS PROBABLY MORE 5901 04:14:00,185 --> 04:14:03,055 EXPOSED TO THESE CHEMICALS AND 5902 04:14:03,055 --> 04:14:04,689 EMPHASIZE WHOLE FOODS THAT FEET 5903 04:14:04,689 --> 04:14:06,591 THE GUT MICROBIOTA AND 5904 04:14:06,591 --> 04:14:11,897 DELIVERING PREBIOTICS AND 5905 04:14:11,897 --> 04:14:18,103 PROBIOTICS AND POST BIOTICS AND 5906 04:14:18,103 --> 04:14:20,405 AND AN ORGANICALLY GROWN CROPS 5907 04:14:20,405 --> 04:14:22,340 SHOWED HIRE POLYPHENOL LEVELS 5908 04:14:22,340 --> 04:14:25,944 AND THEY DON'T HAVE INCENTIVE TO 5909 04:14:25,944 --> 04:14:28,113 MAKE THESE DEFENSE COMPOUNDS. 5910 04:14:28,113 --> 04:14:29,448 AND SO I'LL END WITH THIS. 5911 04:14:29,448 --> 04:14:31,683 THIS WAS A STUDY DONE IN 5912 04:14:31,683 --> 04:14:36,421 U.S. CHILDREN AND ADULTS 5913 04:14:36,421 --> 04:14:38,757 REPLACING CONVENTIONALLY MANY 5914 04:14:38,757 --> 04:14:41,159 PRODUCED FOOD WITH ORGANICALLY 5915 04:14:41,159 --> 04:14:43,995 FOOD AND SAW A DECLINE OF 60% TO 5916 04:14:43,995 --> 04:14:48,033 90% OF THE PESTICIDES, 5917 04:14:48,033 --> 04:14:50,602 HERBICIDES AND ME METABOLITES. 5918 04:14:50,602 --> 04:14:51,937 I'D LIKE TO ACKNOWLEDGE MY 5919 04:14:51,937 --> 04:14:55,407 CURRENT AND FORMER LAB MEMBERS 5920 04:14:55,407 --> 04:14:57,476 AND COLLABORATORS WHO HELPED DO 5921 04:14:57,476 --> 04:15:01,546 ALL THIS WORK AND NCCIH FOR 5922 04:15:01,546 --> 04:15:02,114 FUNDING. 5923 04:15:02,114 --> 04:15:05,350 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 5924 04:15:05,350 --> 04:15:08,520 BRINGING YOUR WORK AND ALSO THE 5925 04:15:08,520 --> 04:15:10,755 BACTEROIDETES WORK. 5926 04:15:10,755 --> 04:15:11,690 I'M SORRY WE'RE RUNNING A LITTLE 5927 04:15:11,690 --> 04:15:13,758 BIT LATE AND ONLY HAVE ABOUT 5928 04:15:13,758 --> 04:15:18,029 FIVE MINUTES FOR THE Q&A. 5929 04:15:18,029 --> 04:15:19,131 CAN WE START THE QUESTIONS FROM 5930 04:15:19,131 --> 04:15:29,307 THE ROOM? 5931 04:15:37,616 --> 04:15:39,251 IF NOT WE CAN START FROM THE 5932 04:15:39,251 --> 04:15:42,687 QUESTIONS ONLINE AND HOW DID THE 5933 04:15:42,687 --> 04:15:44,489 EXPOSURE THAT LEADS TO THE 5934 04:15:44,489 --> 04:15:46,758 MICROBIOME IS THAT CORRECT OR 5935 04:15:46,758 --> 04:15:51,630 DIFFERENCE FROM SIMILAR TOXICAN 5936 04:15:51,630 --> 04:15:53,198 EXPOSURE AFFECTED BY THE 5937 04:15:53,198 --> 04:15:55,567 MICROBIOME AND IN OTHER IN OTHER 5938 04:15:55,567 --> 04:16:00,739 WORDS DOES THE EXPOSURE IN FETAL 5939 04:16:00,739 --> 04:16:01,606 DEVELOPMENT PROMOTE RESILIENCE 5940 04:16:01,606 --> 04:16:03,475 OR INCREASE SUSCEPTIBLE TO 5941 04:16:03,475 --> 04:16:06,945 DISEASE IN LATER LIFE? 5942 04:16:06,945 --> 04:16:09,014 >> I DON'T KNOW IF I'M THE BEST 5943 04:16:09,014 --> 04:16:10,282 TO ANSWER THIS. 5944 04:16:10,282 --> 04:16:11,917 I THINK IT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 5945 04:16:11,917 --> 04:16:14,219 I THINK WE DON'T REALLY KNOW BUT 5946 04:16:14,219 --> 04:16:17,689 AS OTHER SPEAKERS ALLUDED TO THE 5947 04:16:17,689 --> 04:16:20,725 MICROBIOME COULD PROVIDE 5948 04:16:20,725 --> 04:16:23,562 PROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN REGARDS TO 5949 04:16:23,562 --> 04:16:25,530 CERTAIN EVCs. 5950 04:16:25,530 --> 04:16:31,236 ONE OF THE TOOLS WE HAVE 5951 04:16:31,236 --> 04:16:32,871 MENTIONED WAS THE RODENT MODELS 5952 04:16:32,871 --> 04:16:37,175 IF THEY CAN BE DONE IN A 5953 04:16:37,175 --> 04:16:38,610 GERM-FREE OR ANTIBIOTIC DEPLETED 5954 04:16:38,610 --> 04:16:41,580 MODELS USING THEM AS TOOLS TO 5955 04:16:41,580 --> 04:16:44,115 UNDERSTAND ARE WHICH COMPONENTS 5956 04:16:44,115 --> 04:16:45,951 OF THE EXPOSURE DEPEND OR 5957 04:16:45,951 --> 04:16:47,185 INFLUENCE BY THE MICROBIOME? 5958 04:16:47,185 --> 04:16:49,621 I THINK WE NEED TO START DOING 5959 04:16:49,621 --> 04:16:51,957 AS MANY STUDIES AS WE CAN 5960 04:16:51,957 --> 04:16:54,359 BECAUSE WE'RE THOUGHT GOING TO 5961 04:16:54,359 --> 04:16:56,127 BE ABLE TO MOVE FROM CORRELATION 5962 04:16:56,127 --> 04:16:56,761 TO CAUSATION WOULD THOSE TYPES 5963 04:16:56,761 --> 04:17:00,332 OF STUDIES. 5964 04:17:00,332 --> 04:17:02,534 >> THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT 5965 04:17:02,534 --> 04:17:02,968 ANSWER. 5966 04:17:02,968 --> 04:17:08,673 ANY OTHER SPEAKERS WANT TO CHIME 5967 04:17:08,673 --> 04:17:16,314 IN? 5968 04:17:16,314 --> 04:17:17,449 OKAY ANY QUESTION FROM THE ROOM? 5969 04:17:17,449 --> 04:17:20,185 >> I HAVE A QUESTION QUESTION 5970 04:17:20,185 --> 04:17:25,257 PROBABLY FOR DIANE IS IT ONLY 5971 04:17:25,257 --> 04:17:27,926 RED GRAPES WHO HAVE THE HIGH 5972 04:17:27,926 --> 04:17:30,128 LEVELS OF POLYPHENOLS OR GREEN 5973 04:17:30,128 --> 04:17:30,662 GRAPES TOO? 5974 04:17:30,662 --> 04:17:41,106 >> THE RED IS DUE TO THE 5975 04:17:43,775 --> 04:17:44,643 ANTHROCANADAN ARE DUE TO THE 5976 04:17:44,643 --> 04:17:47,045 COLOR BUT YOU CAN FIND THEM IN 5977 04:17:47,045 --> 04:17:51,616 MANY FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. 5978 04:17:51,616 --> 04:17:54,052 >> ANY OTHER QUESTION FROM THE 5979 04:17:54,052 --> 04:17:54,252 ROOM? 5980 04:17:54,252 --> 04:17:55,487 >> A QUICK QUESTION AS WELL ALL 5981 04:17:55,487 --> 04:18:02,861 OF YOU MENTIONED THE FACT THAT 5982 04:18:02,861 --> 04:18:09,567 SEX DIFFERENCES, WHERE YOU LIVE, 5983 04:18:09,567 --> 04:18:12,570 ETCETERA, ETC. CAN INFLUENCE THE 5984 04:18:12,570 --> 04:18:15,340 GUT MICROBIOME AND ETHNICITIES 5985 04:18:15,340 --> 04:18:17,809 AND THEN TALK GENERAL ABOUT THE 5986 04:18:17,809 --> 04:18:19,277 PROBIOTICS AND THE PREBIOTICS 5987 04:18:19,277 --> 04:18:21,546 THAT MAY BE BENEFICIAL. 5988 04:18:21,546 --> 04:18:24,582 I'M WONDERING IF THERE'S ANY 5989 04:18:24,582 --> 04:18:27,719 SPECIFICITY TO WHICH PROBIOTICS 5990 04:18:27,719 --> 04:18:30,655 WORK FOR WHO AND WHEN ETCETERA? 5991 04:18:30,655 --> 04:18:32,157 >> IT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION. 5992 04:18:32,157 --> 04:18:34,359 I THINK WE'RE STILL IN THE 5993 04:18:34,359 --> 04:18:37,529 NASCENT STAGE OF UNDERSTANDING. 5994 04:18:37,529 --> 04:18:39,664 I DIDN'T MENTION IN MY TALK BUT 5995 04:18:39,664 --> 04:18:44,369 THERE WAS A STUDY IN 2024 WHERE 5996 04:18:44,369 --> 04:18:50,842 THEY EXPOSED THE MALE RODENTS TO 5997 04:18:50,842 --> 04:18:56,581 BPA AND A PROBIOTIC MOSTLY 5998 04:18:56,581 --> 04:18:57,649 LACTOBACILLUS AND WITH ADDITION 5999 04:18:57,649 --> 04:19:00,685 OF THE PROBIOTICS IT REVERSED 6000 04:19:00,685 --> 04:19:09,627 MANY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE BPKO 6001 04:19:09,627 --> 04:19:11,563 AND I'M NOT SEEING ANY -- I WAS 6002 04:19:11,563 --> 04:19:13,531 SEARCHING TO SEE IF THERE WAS 6003 04:19:13,531 --> 04:19:15,934 ANY ONE STUDY THAT LOOKED AT 6004 04:19:15,934 --> 04:19:17,869 FEMALE SPECIFICALLY AND LOOKED 6005 04:19:17,869 --> 04:19:20,004 AT THAT ASPECT OF WHICH PRODUCT. 6006 04:19:20,004 --> 04:19:22,574 SO YOUR QUESTION IS VERY GOOD. 6007 04:19:22,574 --> 04:19:26,678 I JUST DON'T HAVE AN ANSWER. 6008 04:19:26,678 --> 04:19:27,946 YOU'RE PREACHING TO THE CHOIR. 6009 04:19:27,946 --> 04:19:28,947 >> THANK YOU. 6010 04:19:28,947 --> 04:19:31,383 >> IF I CAN ADD, I THINK A 6011 04:19:31,383 --> 04:19:35,220 CHALLENGE WITH PROBIOTICS IS 6012 04:19:35,220 --> 04:19:38,123 SOME TRAITS WILL BE 6013 04:19:38,123 --> 04:19:40,892 GENERALIZABLE WITH METAL LINING 6014 04:19:40,892 --> 04:19:42,627 SOME WILL DO THAT WELL BUT OTHER 6015 04:19:42,627 --> 04:19:44,696 FUNCTIONS CAN BE SO SPECIFIC TO 6016 04:19:44,696 --> 04:19:46,464 THE ORGANISM THE GENOME IS 6017 04:19:46,464 --> 04:19:48,400 DIFFICULT TO DRAW COMPARISONS SO 6018 04:19:48,400 --> 04:19:51,669 A GREAT EXAMPLE IS IF YOU LOOK 6019 04:19:51,669 --> 04:19:55,240 AT E. COLI YOU CAN PREVENT 6020 04:19:55,240 --> 04:19:57,942 DIARRHEA OR E. COLI COULD BE A 6021 04:19:57,942 --> 04:19:59,844 BAD CAUSE OF DIARRHEA. 6022 04:19:59,844 --> 04:20:03,748 UNTIL THE PROBIOTICS RESEARCH IS 6023 04:20:03,748 --> 04:20:05,750 DONE AT THIS HIGHLY REVOLVED 6024 04:20:05,750 --> 04:20:09,254 STRAIN LEVEL SCALE, WE WON'T 6025 04:20:09,254 --> 04:20:19,764 REALLY BE ABLE TO ASSESS THAT. 6026 04:20:21,099 --> 04:20:23,701 >> THANKS, EVERYONE. 6027 04:20:23,701 --> 04:20:25,069 THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT TALK AND 6028 04:20:25,069 --> 04:20:26,938 DISCUSSION AND ALL THE SPEAKERS 6029 04:20:26,938 --> 04:20:27,939 FOR THE GREAT PRESENTATION. 6030 04:20:27,939 --> 04:20:34,579 THANK YOU. 6031 04:20:34,579 --> 04:20:37,715 >> THANK YOU FOR COMING UP. 6032 04:20:37,715 --> 04:20:42,554 >> SO SORRY TO BE THE -- I JUST 6033 04:20:42,554 --> 04:20:44,489 WANTED TO KEEP US ON TIME 6034 04:20:44,489 --> 04:20:46,124 BECAUSE WE HAVE STILL A LOT OF 6035 04:20:46,124 --> 04:20:47,292 GREAT SESSIONS COMING UP AND 6036 04:20:47,292 --> 04:20:49,427 WANT TO MAKE SURE WE HAVE OUR 6037 04:20:49,427 --> 04:20:50,495 TIME FOR BREAK. 6038 04:20:50,495 --> 04:20:51,863 THAT'S WHEN PEOPLE CAN MAYBE ASK 6039 04:20:51,863 --> 04:20:57,535 FOR QUESTIONS SO FOR THOSE JUST 6040 04:20:57,535 --> 04:21:02,874 TUNING IN I'M SEKAI CHIDEYA AND 6041 04:21:02,874 --> 04:21:04,008 THIS IS THE SESSION ON 6042 04:21:04,008 --> 04:21:05,977 SUPPLEMENTS AND NATURAL 6043 04:21:05,977 --> 04:21:09,581 PRODUCTS. 6044 04:21:09,581 --> 04:21:11,950 WE HAVE TWO GREAT SPEAKERS TO 6045 04:21:11,950 --> 04:21:13,518 PRESENT THEIR FASCINATING WORK. 6046 04:21:13,518 --> 04:21:14,652 BEFORE WE GO TO THEIR 6047 04:21:14,652 --> 04:21:18,056 PRESENTATIONS I WANT TO SPEND A 6048 04:21:18,056 --> 04:21:19,123 FEW MINUTES TO GIVE A LITTLE BIT 6049 04:21:19,123 --> 04:21:23,127 OF BACKGROUND ABOUT HOW AND WHY 6050 04:21:23,127 --> 04:21:29,133 NATURAL PRODUCTS COULD PLAUSIBLY 6051 04:21:29,133 --> 04:21:39,511 HELP WITH ECD EFFECTS. 6052 04:21:44,449 --> 04:21:45,950 WHEN I SAY NATURAL PRODUCTS I 6053 04:21:45,950 --> 04:21:49,621 WANT TO SAY IT'S AN UMBRELLA 6054 04:21:49,621 --> 04:21:52,590 TERM THAT INCLUDES PRO AND 6055 04:21:52,590 --> 04:21:54,592 PREBIOTICS AND BOTANICALS AND 6056 04:21:54,592 --> 04:22:03,101 VITAMINS AND MINERALS AND OMEGA 6057 04:22:03,101 --> 04:22:06,371 3 FATTY ACIDS, ETCETERA. 6058 04:22:06,371 --> 04:22:09,574 HOW CAN IT HELP WITH EDC 6059 04:22:09,574 --> 04:22:10,241 MITIGATION? 6060 04:22:10,241 --> 04:22:12,477 HUMANS EVOLVED IN CONJUNCTION 6061 04:22:12,477 --> 04:22:13,778 WITH NATURAL PRODUCTS AND MANY 6062 04:22:13,778 --> 04:22:16,214 HAVE CHEMICAL STRUCTURES THAT 6063 04:22:16,214 --> 04:22:21,686 INTERACT WITH OUR BIO 6064 04:22:21,686 --> 04:22:25,390 CHEMISTRIES AND SO VITAMINS, 6065 04:22:25,390 --> 04:22:27,926 MINERALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES 6066 04:22:27,926 --> 04:22:29,227 ARE REQUIRED FOR HORMONE 6067 04:22:29,227 --> 04:22:30,995 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN OUR 6068 04:22:30,995 --> 04:22:33,631 BODIES AROUND MEDIATE BIO 6069 04:22:33,631 --> 04:22:35,333 CHEMICAL REACTIONS. 6070 04:22:35,333 --> 04:22:38,036 AND SOME VITAMINS AND MINERALS 6071 04:22:38,036 --> 04:22:39,938 ARE ESSENTIAL FOR HORMONE 6072 04:22:39,938 --> 04:22:44,509 FUNCTION SUCH AS VITAMIN D AND 6073 04:22:44,509 --> 04:22:47,478 IODINE AND VITAMIN B6 ARE 6074 04:22:47,478 --> 04:22:48,646 ESSENTIAL FOR THE TRUCK 6075 04:22:48,646 --> 04:22:50,048 STRUCTURE OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS 6076 04:22:50,048 --> 04:22:51,950 AND THE OTHER THING TO THINK 6077 04:22:51,950 --> 04:22:56,187 ABOUT IS VITAMINS AND EDCs OFTEN 6078 04:22:56,187 --> 04:22:57,889 COMPETE FOR THE SAME RECEPTORS 6079 04:22:57,889 --> 04:22:58,623 ON OUR CELLS. 6080 04:22:58,623 --> 04:23:00,325 WHEN THAT'S THE SITUATION WHEN 6081 04:23:00,325 --> 04:23:02,393 YOU HAVE HIGH EDC LEVELS, THAT 6082 04:23:02,393 --> 04:23:04,128 CAN PREVENT THE VITAMINS FROM 6083 04:23:04,128 --> 04:23:05,530 BEING ABLE TO BIND SUCCESSFULLY 6084 04:23:05,530 --> 04:23:07,932 TO THE CELL RECEPTORS AND CAN 6085 04:23:07,932 --> 04:23:09,934 LEAD TO VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES AND 6086 04:23:09,934 --> 04:23:13,538 THERE'S INDEED EVIDENCE OF THAT 6087 04:23:13,538 --> 04:23:17,075 WITH PFAS AND VITAMIN D AND 6088 04:23:17,075 --> 04:23:18,443 CALCIUM AND OTHER EXAMPLES AS 6089 04:23:18,443 --> 04:23:18,643 WELL. 6090 04:23:18,643 --> 04:23:20,578 ON THE FLIP SIDE WHEN YOU HAVE 6091 04:23:20,578 --> 04:23:23,514 HIGHER VITAMIN LEVELS THAT CAN 6092 04:23:23,514 --> 04:23:24,983 COMPETE WITH AND BLOCK THE 6093 04:23:24,983 --> 04:23:29,554 BINDING AND THE UPTAKE OF 6094 04:23:29,554 --> 04:23:31,456 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 6095 04:23:31,456 --> 04:23:32,624 THERE ARE OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES 6096 04:23:32,624 --> 04:23:35,994 THAT SHOW THIS INTERACTION WHERE 6097 04:23:35,994 --> 04:23:40,431 THE EFFECTS OF EDCs SEEM TO BE 6098 04:23:40,431 --> 04:23:42,800 WORSE WHEN PEOPLE HAVE LOWER 6099 04:23:42,800 --> 04:23:45,870 VITAMIN LEVELS AND SOME EXAMPLES 6100 04:23:45,870 --> 04:23:48,973 VITAMIN D AND BERTH OUTCOMES AND 6101 04:23:48,973 --> 04:23:51,943 FOLATE, BPA AND FERTILITY 6102 04:23:51,943 --> 04:23:56,314 OUTCOME. 6103 04:23:56,314 --> 04:23:58,683 SOME NON-VITAMIN PRODUCTS CAN 6104 04:23:58,683 --> 04:24:02,887 ALSO BLOCK ACCESS. 6105 04:24:02,887 --> 04:24:08,292 SOME ARE THE MANY CARBAMATE 6106 04:24:08,292 --> 04:24:09,093 PESTICIDES AND WHEN THEY BIND 6107 04:24:09,093 --> 04:24:10,662 THEY OVERACT IT WHICH CAN LEAD 6108 04:24:10,662 --> 04:24:13,464 TO INCREASED RISK OF CANCER AND 6109 04:24:13,464 --> 04:24:13,998 DIABETES AND SOME HEALTH 6110 04:24:13,998 --> 04:24:16,834 CONDITIONS. 6111 04:24:16,834 --> 04:24:20,304 THERE ARE STUDIES THAT SHOW WHEN 6112 04:24:20,304 --> 04:24:22,073 MELATONIN IS SUPPLEMENTED IN THE 6113 04:24:22,073 --> 04:24:25,543 BODY THAT CAN BLUNT THE EFFECTS 6114 04:24:25,543 --> 04:24:27,945 OF THE PESTICIDES AS WELL AS 6115 04:24:27,945 --> 04:24:28,479 OTHER. 6116 04:24:28,479 --> 04:24:30,314 OTHER FUNCTIONS OF NATURAL 6117 04:24:30,314 --> 04:24:32,483 PRODUCTS, SOMETIMES THEY JUST 6118 04:24:32,483 --> 04:24:34,952 PHYSICALLY BIND TO OR BLOCK EDC 6119 04:24:34,952 --> 04:24:39,490 ABSORPTION WE JUST HEARD A GREAT 6120 04:24:39,490 --> 04:24:41,059 EXAMPLE OF THAT AND THEY JUST 6121 04:24:41,059 --> 04:24:45,930 TALKED ABOUT THAT WITH HEAVY 6122 04:24:45,930 --> 04:24:50,902 METALS AND WHEN THIS HAPPENS IT 6123 04:24:50,902 --> 04:24:53,538 CAN DECREASED BIO ACCUMULATION 6124 04:24:53,538 --> 04:24:55,073 IN THE BODY AND EVEN WHEN 6125 04:24:55,073 --> 04:24:56,574 NATURAL PRODUCTS DON'T DIRECTLY 6126 04:24:56,574 --> 04:25:00,311 INTERACT WITH EDCs, THE NATURAL 6127 04:25:00,311 --> 04:25:01,913 PRODUCTS MAY HAVE EFFECTS TO 6128 04:25:01,913 --> 04:25:04,282 COUNTER THE DOWN STREAM EFFECTS. 6129 04:25:04,282 --> 04:25:09,921 MANY NATURAL PRODUCTS ARE 6130 04:25:09,921 --> 04:25:12,924 ANTIOXIDANTS AND 6131 04:25:12,924 --> 04:25:14,625 ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES AND CAN 6132 04:25:14,625 --> 04:25:16,461 NORMALIZE METABOLIC FUNCTION. 6133 04:25:16,461 --> 04:25:17,295 AND THERE'S PRELIMINARY TRIALS 6134 04:25:17,295 --> 04:25:19,664 THAT SHOW SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS 6135 04:25:19,664 --> 04:25:21,532 CAN ENHANCE SECRETION, DECREASE 6136 04:25:21,532 --> 04:25:25,336 BIO ACCUMULATION, DECREASE EDC 6137 04:25:25,336 --> 04:25:27,271 ASSOCIATED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND 6138 04:25:27,271 --> 04:25:28,372 REDUCE HORMONE DYSFUNCTION ALL 6139 04:25:28,372 --> 04:25:31,776 ASSOCIATED WITH EDCs. 6140 04:25:31,776 --> 04:25:32,910 MANY STUDIES HAVE BEEN IN 6141 04:25:32,910 --> 04:25:35,847 RODENTS AND IN ANIMALS. 6142 04:25:35,847 --> 04:25:38,616 AND WHILE IT'S GREAT TO SEE SUCH 6143 04:25:38,616 --> 04:25:41,052 PROMISING RESULTS WE KNOW THERE 6144 04:25:41,052 --> 04:25:42,487 ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ANIMAL 6145 04:25:42,487 --> 04:25:44,655 MODELS AND HUMAN MODELS AND SO 6146 04:25:44,655 --> 04:25:46,424 SOME EFFECTS IN ANIMAL MODELS 6147 04:25:46,424 --> 04:25:47,625 END UP NOT BEING CONFIRMED. 6148 04:25:47,625 --> 04:25:50,595 WHEN THEY'RE REPEATED IN HUMANS. 6149 04:25:50,595 --> 04:25:51,996 WE'RE GOING TO HEAR ABOUT SOME 6150 04:25:51,996 --> 04:25:53,564 GREAT STUDIES TODAY WHICH HAVE 6151 04:25:53,564 --> 04:25:55,066 BEEN DONE IN HUMANS BUT IN 6152 04:25:55,066 --> 04:25:56,834 GENERAL HUMAN TRIALS HAVE BEEN 6153 04:25:56,834 --> 04:25:59,637 KIND OF SMALL AND OFTEN TIMES 6154 04:25:59,637 --> 04:26:00,171 OBSERVATIONAL. 6155 04:26:00,171 --> 04:26:02,306 AND SO THERE'S A NEED TO 6156 04:26:02,306 --> 04:26:04,075 TRANSLATE THE MOST PROMISING 6157 04:26:04,075 --> 04:26:05,576 ANIMAL STUDIES INTO 6158 04:26:05,576 --> 04:26:07,745 INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE 6159 04:26:07,745 --> 04:26:08,246 APPROPRIATE FOR HUMANS. 6160 04:26:08,246 --> 04:26:11,249 AND IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT 6161 04:26:11,249 --> 04:26:12,583 EFFICACY, IT'S ALSO ABOUT 6162 04:26:12,583 --> 04:26:12,817 SAFETY. 6163 04:26:12,817 --> 04:26:13,951 DOSE IS REALLY IMPORTANT. 6164 04:26:13,951 --> 04:26:15,953 THAT WAS MENTIONED EARLIER THIS 6165 04:26:15,953 --> 04:26:16,187 MORNING. 6166 04:26:16,187 --> 04:26:18,322 SOMETIMES THERE IS TOO MUCH OF A 6167 04:26:18,322 --> 04:26:20,491 GOOD THING AND WHAT WAS ALSO 6168 04:26:20,491 --> 04:26:21,559 MENTIONED IS SOME NATURAL 6169 04:26:21,559 --> 04:26:25,329 PRODUCTS THEMSELVES ARE 6170 04:26:25,329 --> 04:26:27,265 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS SUCH AS 6171 04:26:27,265 --> 04:26:28,966 PHYTOESTROGENS WE DON'T WANT TO 6172 04:26:28,966 --> 04:26:30,501 ASSUME ALL NATURAL PRODUCTS ARE 6173 04:26:30,501 --> 04:26:34,438 GOOD AND OVERDO IT BUT THEY NEED 6174 04:26:34,438 --> 04:26:35,907 TO BE STUDIES TO SHOW US THE 6175 04:26:35,907 --> 04:26:37,475 RIGHT WAY OF DOING THINGS. 6176 04:26:37,475 --> 04:26:39,777 WITH THAT, I WOULD LIKE TO 6177 04:26:39,777 --> 04:26:45,183 INTRODUCE DR. MELISSA MELOUGH 6178 04:26:45,183 --> 04:26:46,484 FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE 6179 04:26:46,484 --> 04:26:49,520 TO PRESENT ON HER GREAT 6180 04:26:49,520 --> 04:26:59,697 RESEARCH. 6181 04:27:07,438 --> 04:27:09,407 >> WHEN I FIRST STARTED STUDYING 6182 04:27:09,407 --> 04:27:13,911 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS CAN WE WORK 6183 04:27:13,911 --> 04:27:19,951 ON AVOIDANCE OF EDCs RATHER THAN 6184 04:27:19,951 --> 04:27:21,385 FOCUSSING ON MITIGATION AND 6185 04:27:21,385 --> 04:27:23,855 KNOWING MANY EDCs HAVE A PRIMARY 6186 04:27:23,855 --> 04:27:26,791 ROUTE OF EXPOSURE THROUGH DIET I 6187 04:27:26,791 --> 04:27:27,558 WANTED TO FOCUS ON LEARNING MORE 6188 04:27:27,558 --> 04:27:29,994 WHAT DIETARY STRATEGIES CAN 6189 04:27:29,994 --> 04:27:31,495 PEOPLE IMPLEMENT TO REDUCE THEIR 6190 04:27:31,495 --> 04:27:32,096 EXPOSURES AND HOW WELL WOULD 6191 04:27:32,096 --> 04:27:40,671 THEY WORK. 6192 04:27:40,671 --> 04:27:42,707 SORRY ABOUT THE VIDE. 6193 04:27:42,707 --> 04:27:44,809 IT'S SUPPOSED TO SHOW YOU 6194 04:27:44,809 --> 04:27:47,612 STRATEGIES THAT WE HAVE LEARNED 6195 04:27:47,612 --> 04:27:50,448 ABOUT OR UNCOVERED FROM 13 SMALL 6196 04:27:50,448 --> 04:27:53,517 INTERVENTION STUDIES THAT HAVE 6197 04:27:53,517 --> 04:27:56,020 TESTED OUT DIFFERENT DIETARY 6198 04:27:56,020 --> 04:27:58,556 INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE 6199 04:27:58,556 --> 04:28:01,525 EXPOSURES TO EDCs. 6200 04:28:01,525 --> 04:28:03,227 SUMMARIZED IN THE REVIEW WE 6201 04:28:03,227 --> 04:28:05,229 FOUND THE STRATEGIES MOST COMMON 6202 04:28:05,229 --> 04:28:08,499 AND MOST EFFECTIVE ACROSS THESE 6203 04:28:08,499 --> 04:28:10,167 INTERVENTIONS WERE TO INCLUDE 6204 04:28:10,167 --> 04:28:12,637 MORE FRESH OR MINIMALLY 6205 04:28:12,637 --> 04:28:14,272 PROCESSED FOODS AND INCLUDE 6206 04:28:14,272 --> 04:28:15,940 ORGANIC FOODS WHEN POSSIBLE AND 6207 04:28:15,940 --> 04:28:18,242 AVOID MORE HIGHLY PROCESSED 6208 04:28:18,242 --> 04:28:23,281 FOODS AND THOSE THAT HAD PLASTIC 6209 04:28:23,281 --> 04:28:25,082 PACKAGING AND HAD BEEN MORE 6210 04:28:25,082 --> 04:28:27,652 PROCESSED. 6211 04:28:27,652 --> 04:28:28,753 BUT THESE INTERVENTION STUDIES 6212 04:28:28,753 --> 04:28:30,421 HAD A LOT OF LIMITATIONS. 6213 04:28:30,421 --> 04:28:32,757 SOMETIMES SMALL SAMPLE SIZES AND 6214 04:28:32,757 --> 04:28:34,125 LACK OF SUSTAINABILITY. 6215 04:28:34,125 --> 04:28:36,661 SOME OF THE SMALL INTERVENTIONS 6216 04:28:36,661 --> 04:28:39,563 INVOLVED COMPLETE DIETARY 6217 04:28:39,563 --> 04:28:40,531 REPLACEMENT WHERE RESEARCHERS 6218 04:28:40,531 --> 04:28:43,234 SUPPLIED EITHER SPECIALIZED TEST 6219 04:28:43,234 --> 04:28:44,101 KITCHEN A DIET FOR THE 6220 04:28:44,101 --> 04:28:45,536 PARTICIPANTS TO FOLLOW. 6221 04:28:45,536 --> 04:28:48,339 SO OBVIOUSLY THAT'S NOT 6222 04:28:48,339 --> 04:28:50,274 SUSTAINABLE OVER THE LONG TERM. 6223 04:28:50,274 --> 04:28:54,612 I WONDERED TAKING THE FINDINGS 6224 04:28:54,612 --> 04:28:57,014 THE NEXT STEP HOW FEASIBLE IS IT 6225 04:28:57,014 --> 04:29:00,151 FOR PEOPLE TO REDUCE THEIR EDC 6226 04:29:00,151 --> 04:29:03,454 EXPOSURE BY FOLLOWING HEALTHY 6227 04:29:03,454 --> 04:29:04,488 DIETARY PATTERNS? 6228 04:29:04,488 --> 04:29:05,523 HERE I'VE SHOWN THREE DIFFERENT 6229 04:29:05,523 --> 04:29:08,693 DIETARY PATTERNS, THE DASH DIET, 6230 04:29:08,693 --> 04:29:11,862 U.S. DIETARY GUIDELINES AS 6231 04:29:11,862 --> 04:29:17,535 DEPICTED IN THE MY PLATE CHART 6232 04:29:17,535 --> 04:29:21,205 IN THE CENTER AND MEDITERRANEAN 6233 04:29:21,205 --> 04:29:25,543 DIET AND THEY HAVE SOME 6234 04:29:25,543 --> 04:29:26,744 CONSISTENCIES BECAUSE THEY 6235 04:29:26,744 --> 04:29:29,513 EMPHASIZE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 6236 04:29:29,513 --> 04:29:30,581 AND PLENTIFUL WHOLE GRAINS AND 6237 04:29:30,581 --> 04:29:32,683 LEAVE LITTLE ROOM FOR THE 6238 04:29:32,683 --> 04:29:35,453 PROCESSED AND OFTEN PACKAGED 6239 04:29:35,453 --> 04:29:37,521 FOODS LIKE SWEETS AND SNACKS. 6240 04:29:37,521 --> 04:29:39,123 I WANTED TO INVESTIGATE HOW 6241 04:29:39,123 --> 04:29:41,525 FOLLOWING THESE HEALTHY DIETS 6242 04:29:41,525 --> 04:29:44,028 WOULD BE REGULATED TO EDC 6243 04:29:44,028 --> 04:29:44,495 EXPOSURE. 6244 04:29:44,495 --> 04:29:47,164 AND I WAS ABLE TO GET A SAMPLE 6245 04:29:47,164 --> 04:29:48,532 OF ALMOST 7,000 PEOPLE FROM 6246 04:29:48,532 --> 04:29:52,636 ACROSS THE U.S. SO WE COULD LOOK 6247 04:29:52,636 --> 04:29:55,139 AT HOW PEOPLE ARE EATING IN THE 6248 04:29:55,139 --> 04:29:58,142 UNITED STATES AND HOW THEY'RE 6249 04:29:58,142 --> 04:30:01,445 IMPLEMENTING THE HEALTHY DIETARY 6250 04:30:01,445 --> 04:30:02,847 GUIDELINES WHEN THEY'RE ABLE TO. 6251 04:30:02,847 --> 04:30:04,682 USING RECALL DATA WE WERE ABLE 6252 04:30:04,682 --> 04:30:06,617 TO CLASSIFY PEOPLE'S CONFORMANCE 6253 04:30:06,617 --> 04:30:08,352 WITH THESE THREE DIFFERENT 6254 04:30:08,352 --> 04:30:12,456 DIETARY PATTERNS USING THE HEI 6255 04:30:12,456 --> 04:30:14,625 FOR CONFORMANCE TO THE 6256 04:30:14,625 --> 04:30:19,397 U.S. DIETARY GUIDELINES AND DASH 6257 04:30:19,397 --> 04:30:23,067 AND MEDITERRANEAN SCORE AND WE 6258 04:30:23,067 --> 04:30:26,570 USED MEASUREMENTS IN URINE. 6259 04:30:26,570 --> 04:30:37,048 WE SELECTED A PANEL OF EDCs 6260 04:30:37,548 --> 04:30:38,049 ING 6261 04:30:38,049 --> 04:30:43,254 INGESTED THROUGH THE DIET AND 6262 04:30:43,254 --> 04:30:45,523 WERE ABLE TO MEASURE AND WHAT WE 6263 04:30:45,523 --> 04:30:48,859 SAW IS THERE ARE SOME CASES 6264 04:30:48,859 --> 04:30:50,561 WHERE INCREASING ADHERENCE TO 6265 04:30:50,561 --> 04:30:53,531 THESE DIET PATTERNS WAS 6266 04:30:53,531 --> 04:30:58,035 ASSOCIATED WITH MODEST DECREASES 6267 04:30:58,035 --> 04:30:59,837 IN EXPOSURE TO THESE COMPOUNDS 6268 04:30:59,837 --> 04:31:03,908 BUT FOR THE MOST PART THESE 6269 04:31:03,908 --> 04:31:05,042 ASSOCIATIONS WERE NOT 6270 04:31:05,042 --> 04:31:06,110 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT BUT 6271 04:31:06,110 --> 04:31:07,745 CAN SEE WITH THE P VALUES SHOWN 6272 04:31:07,745 --> 04:31:15,486 ON THE SLIDE HERE. 6273 04:31:15,486 --> 04:31:18,556 AS A STAND ALONE STRATEGY ADD 6274 04:31:18,556 --> 04:31:20,724 HEARING TO THE EVIDENCE-BASED 6275 04:31:20,724 --> 04:31:21,725 NUTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS 6276 04:31:21,725 --> 04:31:25,029 DOESN'T GUARANTEE REDUCED 6277 04:31:25,029 --> 04:31:28,032 EXPOSURES TO MANY ENDOCRINE 6278 04:31:28,032 --> 04:31:28,432 DISRUPTORS. 6279 04:31:28,432 --> 04:31:32,703 I THINK IT'S DUE TO WIDESPREAD 6280 04:31:32,703 --> 04:31:35,573 CONTAMINATION IN OUR FLOOD 6281 04:31:35,573 --> 04:31:37,174 SUPPLY THOSE HEALTHY AND NOT 6282 04:31:37,174 --> 04:31:39,944 HEALTHY FOR US BEYOND DIET. 6283 04:31:39,944 --> 04:31:41,545 SO ULTIMATELY I THINK WE'RE 6284 04:31:41,545 --> 04:31:44,315 GOING TO NEED CHANGES IN FOOD 6285 04:31:44,315 --> 04:31:48,052 PRODUCTION PRACTICES TO REDUCE 6286 04:31:48,052 --> 04:31:49,386 CONTAMINATION BUT THIS IS ALSO 6287 04:31:49,386 --> 04:31:50,688 DEMONSTRATED THE NEED FOR THE 6288 04:31:50,688 --> 04:31:54,091 MITIGATION STRATEGIES THAT WE'RE 6289 04:31:54,091 --> 04:31:55,092 TALKING ABOUT TODAY BECAUSE A 6290 04:31:55,092 --> 04:31:56,460 HEALTHY DIET ON ITS OWN MAY NOT 6291 04:31:56,460 --> 04:31:58,963 DO IT DEPENDING ON HOW YOU 6292 04:31:58,963 --> 04:32:03,234 DEFINE THE HEALTHY DIET. 6293 04:32:03,234 --> 04:32:06,203 I TURNED TO ONE KEY QUESTION I 6294 04:32:06,203 --> 04:32:08,339 HAVE ABOUT MITIGATION WHICH IS 6295 04:32:08,339 --> 04:32:11,575 HOW COULD WE MITIGATE THE 6296 04:32:11,575 --> 04:32:15,946 OBESOGENIC AFFECTS OF PRENATAL 6297 04:32:15,946 --> 04:32:16,614 PHTHALATE EXPOSURE? 6298 04:32:16,614 --> 04:32:19,750 I CAN SKIM THROUGH THIS QUICKLY 6299 04:32:19,750 --> 04:32:21,318 BECAUSE WE HEARD A LOT OF THIS 6300 04:32:21,318 --> 04:32:22,920 HOW OBESITY IS ONE OF OUR KEY 6301 04:32:22,920 --> 04:32:26,123 HEALTH WORRIES ASSOCIATED WITH 6302 04:32:26,123 --> 04:32:26,790 EDC EXPOSURE. 6303 04:32:26,790 --> 04:32:28,826 SO PHTHALATES PARTICULARLY IN 6304 04:32:28,826 --> 04:32:33,430 THE PRENATAL PERIOD AND EARLY 6305 04:32:33,430 --> 04:32:34,832 CHILDHOOD, DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS 6306 04:32:34,832 --> 04:32:38,369 HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE ASSOCIATED 6307 04:32:38,369 --> 04:32:42,973 WITH INCREASED ADIPOSITY AND ONE 6308 04:32:42,973 --> 04:32:46,377 EXAMPLE IS IN THE A MULTI-SITE 6309 04:32:46,377 --> 04:32:48,445 COHORT IN THE UNITED STATES AND 6310 04:32:48,445 --> 04:32:50,948 HERE YOU ARE SEEING ASSOCIATIONS 6311 04:32:50,948 --> 04:32:54,218 OF PRENATAL PHTHALATE EXPOSURE 6312 04:32:54,218 --> 04:32:57,488 AND FOUR DIFFERENT METABOLITES 6313 04:32:57,488 --> 04:33:01,592 AND BMIZ SCORES ACROSS VARIOUS 6314 04:33:01,592 --> 04:33:03,093 PERIODS IN EARLY LIFE. 6315 04:33:03,093 --> 04:33:06,363 A TREND IS WITH SOME OF THE 6316 04:33:06,363 --> 04:33:07,565 METABOLITES THEY'RE ASSOCIATED 6317 04:33:07,565 --> 04:33:11,402 WITH LOWER ADIPOSITY AT BIRTH 6318 04:33:11,402 --> 04:33:13,537 BUT THEN HIGHER ADIPOSITY BY AGE 6319 04:33:13,537 --> 04:33:15,239 3 OR 4. 6320 04:33:15,239 --> 04:33:17,174 THAT'S IMPORTANT BECAUSE AT THIS 6321 04:33:17,174 --> 04:33:19,710 POINT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD IT'S 6322 04:33:19,710 --> 04:33:22,680 SHOWN TO TRACK INTO ADULTHOOD. 6323 04:33:22,680 --> 04:33:24,348 IT'S RATHER STUBBORN AND SO THIS 6324 04:33:24,348 --> 04:33:26,817 IS HARD TO REVERSE. 6325 04:33:26,817 --> 04:33:32,723 SO WE NEED TO TALK ABOUT THE 6326 04:33:32,723 --> 04:33:38,929 MECHANISMS BY WHICH THE 6327 04:33:38,929 --> 04:33:43,200 PHTHALATES ARE PRODUCING THIS 6328 04:33:43,200 --> 04:33:43,667 EFFECT. 6329 04:33:43,667 --> 04:33:51,075 ONE WAY IS BY ALTERING THE PPAR 6330 04:33:51,075 --> 04:33:54,211 SIGNALLING AND THEY CONTROL 6331 04:33:54,211 --> 04:33:57,047 GLUCOSE AND LIPID METABOLISM AND 6332 04:33:57,047 --> 04:33:58,415 SECONDLY A MECHANISM OF GREAT 6333 04:33:58,415 --> 04:34:01,418 INTEREST TO ME IS THEY MAY BE 6334 04:34:01,418 --> 04:34:02,086 PROMOTING OXIDATIVE STRESS WHICH 6335 04:34:02,086 --> 04:34:08,092 THEN CAN LEAD TO CHANGES IN OUR 6336 04:34:08,092 --> 04:34:12,830 FAT TISSUE, INCREASING 6337 04:34:12,830 --> 04:34:13,497 PROLIFERATION, INCREASING THE 6338 04:34:13,497 --> 04:34:24,008 SIDE OF OUR MATURE ADIPOCYTES. 6339 04:34:25,909 --> 04:34:28,078 YOU SAW I'M INTERESTED IN 6340 04:34:28,078 --> 04:34:29,513 WORKING ON THIS THROUGH FISH 6341 04:34:29,513 --> 04:34:30,014 OIL. 6342 04:34:30,014 --> 04:34:33,417 LET ME TAKE A MOMENT TO EXPLAIN 6343 04:34:33,417 --> 04:34:35,519 WHY IT'S A DESIRABLE TARGET. 6344 04:34:35,519 --> 04:34:40,257 AS YOU MAY KNOW, SEAFOOD IS THE 6345 04:34:40,257 --> 04:34:44,728 KEY SOURCE OF PORNO MEGA 3 FATTY 6346 04:34:44,728 --> 04:34:47,064 ACIDS, DHA AND EPA. 6347 04:34:47,064 --> 04:34:49,066 THEY'RE UNDER CONSUMED BY WOMEN 6348 04:34:49,066 --> 04:34:50,534 DURING THEIR PREGNANCY LIKELY 6349 04:34:50,534 --> 04:34:53,370 BECAUSE WOMEN MAY BE UNCERTAIN 6350 04:34:53,370 --> 04:34:56,507 ABOUT HOW TO INCLUDE SEAFOOD IN 6351 04:34:56,507 --> 04:34:57,675 THEIR DIET SAFELY DURING 6352 04:34:57,675 --> 04:35:00,711 PREGNANCY. 6353 04:35:00,711 --> 04:35:03,747 IT'S IMPORTANT THAT WE ADDRESS 6354 04:35:03,747 --> 04:35:06,216 THIS ISSUE BECAUSE THESE NEWT 6355 04:35:06,216 --> 04:35:07,151 REPRESENTS HAVE IMPORTANT 6356 04:35:07,151 --> 04:35:08,519 BIOLOGICAL BENEFITS. 6357 04:35:08,519 --> 04:35:13,524 SO NOT ONLY ARE THEY INVOLVED IN 6358 04:35:13,524 --> 04:35:16,994 THE ACTIVATION AND FATTY ACID 6359 04:35:16,994 --> 04:35:21,532 OXIDATION BUT IMPORTANT TO 6360 04:35:21,532 --> 04:35:22,166 ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY AND 6361 04:35:22,166 --> 04:35:27,771 INFLAMMATION. 6362 04:35:27,771 --> 04:35:36,814 I WANT TO SHOW BACK TO DATA HOW 6363 04:35:36,814 --> 04:35:39,249 FISH OIL MAY BE RELATED TO 6364 04:35:39,249 --> 04:35:42,286 OXIDATION AND PRENATAL 6365 04:35:42,286 --> 04:35:44,521 PHTHALATES. 6366 04:35:44,521 --> 04:35:46,190 WE'RE LOOKING AT ASSOCIATIONS 6367 04:35:46,190 --> 04:35:48,158 WITH A MARKER OF OXIDATIVE 6368 04:35:48,158 --> 04:35:49,259 STRESS MEASURED AT THE SAME TIME 6369 04:35:49,259 --> 04:35:51,028 IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF 6370 04:35:51,028 --> 04:35:51,295 PREGNANCY. 6371 04:35:51,295 --> 04:35:57,101 YOU CAN SEE THESE POSITIVE 6372 04:35:57,101 --> 04:35:59,770 ASSOCIATIONS BUT FOR WOMEN WHO 6373 04:35:59,770 --> 04:36:01,205 CONSUMED FISH OIL IN THE GRAY 6374 04:36:01,205 --> 04:36:03,574 BARS THIS ASSOCIATION WAS 6375 04:36:03,574 --> 04:36:03,941 DIMINISHED. 6376 04:36:03,941 --> 04:36:06,910 IT SUGGESTS THE PROTECTIVE 6377 04:36:06,910 --> 04:36:08,545 EFFECT OF FISH OIL 6378 04:36:08,545 --> 04:36:10,047 SUPPLEMENTATION THE OXIDATIVE 6379 04:36:10,047 --> 04:36:13,517 STRESS INDUCED BY PHTHALATES IN 6380 04:36:13,517 --> 04:36:15,285 THE PRENATAL PERIOD. 6381 04:36:15,285 --> 04:36:16,820 AND THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT, 6382 04:36:16,820 --> 04:36:19,223 THIS OXIDATIVE STRESS IN 6383 04:36:19,223 --> 04:36:20,391 PREGNANCY BECAUSE TO FURTHER 6384 04:36:20,391 --> 04:36:23,427 ILLUSTRATE THE POINT, THIS 6385 04:36:23,427 --> 04:36:24,027 OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKER IN 6386 04:36:24,027 --> 04:36:27,865 THE THIRD TRIMESTER HAS ALSO 6387 04:36:27,865 --> 04:36:29,533 BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH THE 6388 04:36:29,533 --> 04:36:30,701 ADIPOSITY OUTCOMES IN THE 6389 04:36:30,701 --> 04:36:32,202 CHILDREN IN THE STUDY. 6390 04:36:32,202 --> 04:36:36,006 WE CAN SEE HERE THAT THIS 6391 04:36:36,006 --> 04:36:37,541 OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKER WAS 6392 04:36:37,541 --> 04:36:39,943 ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED WEIGHT Z 6393 04:36:39,943 --> 04:36:43,247 SCORES AT THE TIME OF BIRTH BUT 6394 04:36:43,247 --> 04:36:45,849 LIKE WE SAW BEFORE, HIGHER BMI-Z 6395 04:36:45,849 --> 04:36:54,691 SCORES AT AGE 4. 6396 04:36:54,691 --> 04:36:56,026 I WANT TO SHOW THE ASSOCIATION I 6397 04:36:56,026 --> 04:36:59,163 JUST SHOWED FROM THE TIDE STUDY. 6398 04:36:59,163 --> 04:37:01,465 WE SAW PRENATAL PHTHALATE 6399 04:37:01,465 --> 04:37:03,901 EXPOSURE IT WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 6400 04:37:03,901 --> 04:37:04,802 INCREASED ADIPOSITY AT ABLE 4 6401 04:37:04,802 --> 04:37:07,304 AND SAW LINKS BETWEEN THE 6402 04:37:07,304 --> 04:37:09,006 EXPOSURE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN 6403 04:37:09,006 --> 04:37:11,508 THE PRENATAL PERIOD. 6404 04:37:11,508 --> 04:37:14,978 I SHOWED HOW IT IS MITIGATED BY 6405 04:37:14,978 --> 04:37:16,280 FISH OIL SUPPLEMENTATION. 6406 04:37:16,280 --> 04:37:20,050 WE ARE NOW IN THE PROCESS OF 6407 04:37:20,050 --> 04:37:21,418 FORMALLY TESTING THE MEDIATING 6408 04:37:21,418 --> 04:37:23,487 ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND 6409 04:37:23,487 --> 04:37:25,756 HOPING TO SHOW ALSO THE 6410 04:37:25,756 --> 04:37:28,759 IMPORTANCE OF FISH OIL IN 6411 04:37:28,759 --> 04:37:31,628 MITIGATING THIS OBESO GENIC 6412 04:37:31,628 --> 04:37:33,664 EFFECT IN CHILDREN AND WANT TO 6413 04:37:33,664 --> 04:37:35,799 GIVE A TEASER FOR WORK UNDERWAY 6414 04:37:35,799 --> 04:37:37,534 IN OUR LAB TO EXPAND BEYOND THE 6415 04:37:37,534 --> 04:37:42,773 TIDE STUDY TO LOOK AT A LARGER 6416 04:37:42,773 --> 04:37:45,943 AND MORE DIVERSE SAMPLE OF 6417 04:37:45,943 --> 04:37:51,048 CHILDREN IN THE ECO CONSORTIUM 6418 04:37:51,048 --> 04:37:53,317 LOOKING AT EARLY CHILDHOOD 6419 04:37:53,317 --> 04:37:55,786 OBESITY AND TESTING ADDITIONAL 6420 04:37:55,786 --> 04:37:56,353 MODIFIERS INCLUDING FISH 6421 04:37:56,353 --> 04:37:59,790 CONSUMED IN PREGNANCY AND 6422 04:37:59,790 --> 04:38:00,457 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DIET. 6423 04:38:00,457 --> 04:38:02,226 SO I LOOK FORWARD TO SHARING 6424 04:38:02,226 --> 04:38:03,927 MORE RESULTS SOON AND THANK YOU 6425 04:38:03,927 --> 04:38:14,338 ALL FOR YOUR ATTENTION. 6426 04:38:14,538 --> 04:38:15,439 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, 6427 04:38:15,439 --> 04:38:18,542 DR. MELOUGH. 6428 04:38:18,542 --> 04:38:20,444 OUR SECOND AND TIME SPEAKER FOR 6429 04:38:20,444 --> 04:38:25,382 THIS SHORTER SESSION IS DR. YU 6430 04:38:25,382 --> 04:38:25,983 ZHANG FROM HARVARD UNIVERSITY. 6431 04:38:25,983 --> 04:38:33,924 PLEASE GO AHEAD. 6432 04:38:33,924 --> 04:38:35,492 >> THANK YOU, I'M EXCITED TO BE 6433 04:38:35,492 --> 04:38:39,196 HERE AND SHARE ON THE TOPIC OF 6434 04:38:39,196 --> 04:38:42,199 FOLATE AS A POTENTIAL POTENTIAL 6435 04:38:42,199 --> 04:38:45,536 MEASURE FOR ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 6436 04:38:45,536 --> 04:38:48,438 CHEMICALS. 6437 04:38:48,438 --> 04:38:51,942 THIS IS THE OUTLINE. 6438 04:38:51,942 --> 04:38:54,778 I'LL START WITH A BRIEF 6439 04:38:54,778 --> 04:38:55,579 INTRODUCTION OF WHY IT'S 6440 04:38:55,579 --> 04:38:57,180 IMPORTANT AND REVIEW CURRENT 6441 04:38:57,180 --> 04:38:59,683 EVIDENCE ON FOLATE AND THE 6442 04:38:59,683 --> 04:39:03,420 POTENTIAL ARE PROTECTIVE 6443 04:39:03,420 --> 04:39:09,726 EXPOSURE TO FEPHENOLS AND 6444 04:39:09,726 --> 04:39:12,496 PHTHALATES AND SHARE PRIMARY 6445 04:39:12,496 --> 04:39:18,168 EVIDENCE ON THE INTERACTION OF 6446 04:39:18,168 --> 04:39:20,304 PFAS AND END IN CONCLUSIONS 6447 04:39:20,304 --> 04:39:27,811 AROUND FUTURE DIRECTION. 6448 04:39:27,811 --> 04:39:38,255 FOLATE IS CRUCIAL IN REPAIRS 6449 04:39:38,255 --> 04:39:40,390 AROUND FOUND IN SPINNISH, 6450 04:39:40,390 --> 04:39:42,225 FRUITS, BEANS, NUTS AND WHOLE 6451 04:39:42,225 --> 04:39:50,067 GRAINS AND FOLIC ACID WHICH CAN 6452 04:39:50,067 --> 04:39:54,104 BE FOUND IN FLOUR AND ACID 6453 04:39:54,104 --> 04:39:54,504 SUPPLEMENTATIONS. 6454 04:39:54,504 --> 04:39:56,206 THE RECOMMENDED INTAKE OF 6455 04:39:56,206 --> 04:39:58,742 NATURAL FOLATE IS 400 MICROGRAMS 6456 04:39:58,742 --> 04:40:01,845 PER DAY AND FOR PREGNANT PERSONS 6457 04:40:01,845 --> 04:40:05,215 THE RECOMMENDED LEVEL INCREASES 6458 04:40:05,215 --> 04:40:11,121 TO 600 OR 400 FOLIC ACID. 6459 04:40:11,121 --> 04:40:13,256 AND THERE HAVE BEEN EVIDENCE 6460 04:40:13,256 --> 04:40:15,158 SUPPORTING THAT FOLATE COULD 6461 04:40:15,158 --> 04:40:19,896 PROTECT FROM PHENOLS AND 6462 04:40:19,896 --> 04:40:21,531 PHTHALATE EXPOSURE AND THEIR 6463 04:40:21,531 --> 04:40:23,500 FERTILITY IMPACT. 6464 04:40:23,500 --> 04:40:27,938 AS DR. CHIDEYA MENTIONED AT TO 6465 04:40:27,938 --> 04:40:29,706 THE BEGINNING. 6466 04:40:29,706 --> 04:40:33,977 IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE WERE 6467 04:40:33,977 --> 04:40:38,649 THROUGH OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES 6468 04:40:38,649 --> 04:40:41,918 AND THEY FOUND EXPOSURES TO 6469 04:40:41,918 --> 04:40:45,522 PHENOLS AND PREGNANCY WERE 6470 04:40:45,522 --> 04:40:46,790 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER 6471 04:40:46,790 --> 04:40:48,325 PROBABILITY OF IDF SUCCESS AND 6472 04:40:48,325 --> 04:40:50,560 LONGER TIME TO PREGNANCY AND 6473 04:40:50,560 --> 04:40:57,534 HIGHER RISK OF AUTISM IN 6474 04:40:57,534 --> 04:40:58,935 CHILDREN. 6475 04:40:58,935 --> 04:41:04,307 AND THERE'S FOLATE CONSUMPTION 6476 04:41:04,307 --> 04:41:04,975 IN THE PERIODS AND FOUND 6477 04:41:04,975 --> 04:41:08,111 SUFFICIENT FOLATE CONSUMPTION 6478 04:41:08,111 --> 04:41:09,112 THERE WERE IN GENERAL WEAKER OR 6479 04:41:09,112 --> 04:41:13,517 NO EFFECTS FROM THE TWO CHEMICAL 6480 04:41:13,517 --> 04:41:14,584 EXPOSURES. 6481 04:41:14,584 --> 04:41:16,486 THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ALSO 6482 04:41:16,486 --> 04:41:18,789 SUPPORT THAT FOLATE COULD 6483 04:41:18,789 --> 04:41:23,827 PROTECT FROM PHENOLS AND 6484 04:41:23,827 --> 04:41:26,563 PHTHALATE HEALTH IMPACT INDICT 6485 04:41:26,563 --> 04:41:30,434 WITH FOLATE MITIGATED BPA WITH 6486 04:41:30,434 --> 04:41:31,668 INDUCED STRESS AND EPIGENETIC 6487 04:41:31,668 --> 04:41:34,371 CHANGES IN ANIMALS. 6488 04:41:34,371 --> 04:41:37,507 AND IN MY RESEARCH I AM 6489 04:41:37,507 --> 04:41:41,278 INTERESTED IN PFAS WHICH IS A 6490 04:41:41,278 --> 04:41:44,514 CLASS OF CHEMICALS I WON'T GO 6491 04:41:44,514 --> 04:41:47,017 DEEPER IN THE CHEMICAL BECAUSE I 6492 04:41:47,017 --> 04:41:50,153 THINK YOU'RE ALL AWARE OF THE 6493 04:41:50,153 --> 04:41:50,420 CHEMICAL. 6494 04:41:50,420 --> 04:41:52,622 BECAUSE IT'S PERSISTENT IN THE 6495 04:41:52,622 --> 04:41:55,425 ENVIRONMENT AND HAS LONG HALF 6496 04:41:55,425 --> 04:41:56,626 LIFE IT'S CALLED FOREVER 6497 04:41:56,626 --> 04:41:58,862 CHEMICAL AND OVER 99% OF THE 6498 04:41:58,862 --> 04:42:00,931 U.S. POPULATION CAN BE DETECTED 6499 04:42:00,931 --> 04:42:04,735 WITH THIS CLASS OF CHEMICALS AND 6500 04:42:04,735 --> 04:42:07,471 THERE HAVE BEEN CONSISTENT 6501 04:42:07,471 --> 04:42:08,038 EVIDENCE SUGGESTING THAT 6502 04:42:08,038 --> 04:42:11,775 EXPOSURE TO PFAS IS RELATED TO 6503 04:42:11,775 --> 04:42:13,210 LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT AND LOWER 6504 04:42:13,210 --> 04:42:15,011 ANTIBODY RESPONSES AMONG 6505 04:42:15,011 --> 04:42:15,278 CHILDREN. 6506 04:42:15,278 --> 04:42:17,280 BECAUSE OF THE PERSISTENT NATURE 6507 04:42:17,280 --> 04:42:20,784 OF PFAS AND THE LONG HALF LIFE 6508 04:42:20,784 --> 04:42:29,526 OF LONG-TERM PFAS WE WERE WONDER 6509 04:42:29,526 --> 04:42:32,796 IF THERE'S MODIFIABLE FACTORS TO 6510 04:42:32,796 --> 04:42:34,264 REDUCE PFAS BECAUSE AFTER HUMAN 6511 04:42:34,264 --> 04:42:35,832 BEINGS ARE EXPOSED TO THE 6512 04:42:35,832 --> 04:42:38,735 CHEMICAL IT'S HARD FOR US TO 6513 04:42:38,735 --> 04:42:43,540 EXCRETE THEM. 6514 04:42:43,540 --> 04:42:47,110 WE CONDUCTED SOME EXPLORATORY 6515 04:42:47,110 --> 04:42:49,112 ANALYSIS USING THE NHANES DATA 6516 04:42:49,112 --> 04:42:56,253 AS WAS INTER-DUFFED -- 6517 04:42:56,253 --> 04:42:58,822 INTRODUCED AND LOOKED AT THE 6518 04:42:58,822 --> 04:43:01,124 PFAS CONCENTRATION AND FOLATE 6519 04:43:01,124 --> 04:43:04,461 STOOD OUT TO BE CONSISTENTLY 6520 04:43:04,461 --> 04:43:07,297 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER PFAS 6521 04:43:07,297 --> 04:43:09,366 CONCENTRATION IN NHANES DATA 6522 04:43:09,366 --> 04:43:10,667 WHICH IS THE U.S. REPRESENTATIVE 6523 04:43:10,667 --> 04:43:11,201 POPULATION DATA. 6524 04:43:11,201 --> 04:43:13,103 AND ALSO AFTER READING THE 6525 04:43:13,103 --> 04:43:18,308 LITERATURE WE ALSO IDENTIFIED 6526 04:43:18,308 --> 04:43:28,752 THOUGH THE CURRENT COMMON 6527 04:43:29,486 --> 04:43:30,287 TRANSPORTERS THAT MAY COMPETE 6528 04:43:30,287 --> 04:43:32,255 AND END UP IN POTENTIAL 6529 04:43:32,255 --> 04:43:33,523 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TWO 6530 04:43:33,523 --> 04:43:33,790 CHEMICALS. 6531 04:43:33,790 --> 04:43:37,894 WE FURTHER CONDUCTED THREE 6532 04:43:37,894 --> 04:43:39,296 OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES TO 6533 04:43:39,296 --> 04:43:40,864 UNDERSTAND IF FOLATE COULD BE 6534 04:43:40,864 --> 04:43:44,034 USED AT THE POTENTIAL MITIGATION 6535 04:43:44,034 --> 04:43:46,102 MEASURE FOR PFAS EXPOSURE AND 6536 04:43:46,102 --> 04:43:47,804 ADVERSE OUTCOMES. 6537 04:43:47,804 --> 04:43:51,808 SO IN STUDY 1 WE EXAMINED THE 6538 04:43:51,808 --> 04:43:55,745 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN FOLATE AND 6539 04:43:55,745 --> 04:43:58,582 PFAS EXPOSURE USING NHANES DATA 6540 04:43:58,582 --> 04:44:01,418 AND FURTHER IN STUDIES TWO AND 6541 04:44:01,418 --> 04:44:03,920 THREE WE EVALUATED IF FOLATE CAN 6542 04:44:03,920 --> 04:44:07,190 MODIFY THE PREVIOUSLY OBSERVED 6543 04:44:07,190 --> 04:44:09,125 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PFAS 6544 04:44:09,125 --> 04:44:13,597 EXPOSURE AND ADVERSE OUTCOMES 6545 04:44:13,597 --> 04:44:15,365 AND ALSO LOWER ANTIBODY LEVELS 6546 04:44:15,365 --> 04:44:16,333 IN THE UNITED STATES POPULATION. 6547 04:44:16,333 --> 04:44:17,868 I WANTED TO SHOW YOU EVIDENCE 6548 04:44:17,868 --> 04:44:20,637 FROM ALL THESE THREE STUDIES 6549 04:44:20,637 --> 04:44:22,572 RESPECTIVELY AND NOW I'M GOING 6550 04:44:22,572 --> 04:44:23,740 TO FIRST TALK ABOUT THE FIRST 6551 04:44:23,740 --> 04:44:28,645 STUDY WHERE WE EXAMINED THE 6552 04:44:28,645 --> 04:44:30,947 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN P FOLATE 6553 04:44:30,947 --> 04:44:32,682 AND AND PFAS USING THE NHANES 6554 04:44:32,682 --> 04:44:39,322 DATA. 6555 04:44:39,322 --> 04:44:41,258 AND IT'S IN RELATION TO 6556 04:44:41,258 --> 04:44:44,794 CONCENTRATIONS AMONG ADOLESCENTS 6557 04:44:44,794 --> 04:44:47,797 AND ADULTS. 6558 04:44:47,797 --> 04:44:48,765 SPECIFICALLY THE FOLATE 6559 04:44:48,765 --> 04:44:54,371 BIOMARKER IS REGARDED AS THE 6560 04:44:54,371 --> 04:44:55,739 LONG-TERM INDICATOR FOR 6561 04:44:55,739 --> 04:44:57,307 LONG-TERM FOLATE INTAKE. 6562 04:44:57,307 --> 04:45:00,610 THIS TABLE PRESENTS THE RESULTS 6563 04:45:00,610 --> 04:45:01,544 FROM ADOLESCENTS. 6564 04:45:01,544 --> 04:45:05,515 WE FOUND HIGHER FOLIC INTAKE IN 6565 04:45:05,515 --> 04:45:08,852 CELLS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER 6566 04:45:08,852 --> 04:45:13,523 PFAS AND CONCENTRATIONS AMONG 6567 04:45:13,523 --> 04:45:15,959 2,800 ADOLESCENTS AND FOUND 6568 04:45:15,959 --> 04:45:17,294 INVERSE ASSOCIATION FOR ARE 6569 04:45:17,294 --> 04:45:19,329 SERUM FOLATE WITH PFAS 6570 04:45:19,329 --> 04:45:19,796 CONCENTRATIONS AMONG 6571 04:45:19,796 --> 04:45:23,667 ADOLESCENTS. 6572 04:45:23,667 --> 04:45:26,970 AND REGARDING RESULTS AND IN 6573 04:45:26,970 --> 04:45:29,506 GENERAL AND THEY WERE STRONGER 6574 04:45:29,506 --> 04:45:33,543 THAN ADOLESCENTS IN THIS TABLE 6575 04:45:33,543 --> 04:45:37,514 SHOWS THE RESULTS FOR ADULTS AND 6576 04:45:37,514 --> 04:45:40,417 FOUND HIGHER FOLATE LEVELS WERE 6577 04:45:40,417 --> 04:45:43,753 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER 6578 04:45:43,753 --> 04:45:48,658 CONCENTRATIONS OF ALL FOUR PFAS 6579 04:45:48,658 --> 04:45:49,025 CONCENTRATIONS. 6580 04:45:49,025 --> 04:45:52,195 AND ALSO WE FOUND HOW SERUM 6581 04:45:52,195 --> 04:45:53,830 LEVEL WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 6582 04:45:53,830 --> 04:45:54,831 CONCENTRATIONS IN ADULTS. 6583 04:45:54,831 --> 04:45:58,768 AND THE MAGNITUDE OF THE 6584 04:45:58,768 --> 04:46:01,538 STRUCTURE THAN WHAT WE FOUND IN 6585 04:46:01,538 --> 04:46:05,041 ADOLESC 6586 04:46:05,041 --> 04:46:05,342 ADOLESCENTS. 6587 04:46:05,342 --> 04:46:06,009 ADDITIONALLY INTERESTED IN THE 6588 04:46:06,009 --> 04:46:10,280 DOSES OF FOLIC ACID 6589 04:46:10,280 --> 04:46:12,415 SUPPLEMENTATION INTAKE AMONG 6590 04:46:12,415 --> 04:46:13,583 SUPPLEMENT USERS AND THESE 6591 04:46:13,583 --> 04:46:15,485 RESULTS WERE ALSO FROM THE 6592 04:46:15,485 --> 04:46:17,120 NHANES DATA. 6593 04:46:17,120 --> 04:46:20,090 HERE WE EXAMINED PER 100 6594 04:46:20,090 --> 04:46:24,194 MICROGRAMS PER DAY INCREASE IN 6595 04:46:24,194 --> 04:46:27,163 FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IN 6596 04:46:27,163 --> 04:46:30,066 RELATION TO PFAS CONCENTRATIONS. 6597 04:46:30,066 --> 04:46:33,503 WE FOUND HIGHER DOSES OF FOLIC 6598 04:46:33,503 --> 04:46:35,839 ACID SUPPLEMENTATION INTAKE WAS 6599 04:46:35,839 --> 04:46:39,275 ASSOCIATED WITH SLIGHTLY LOWER 6600 04:46:39,275 --> 04:46:42,679 CONCENTRATIONS OF PFAS AND 6601 04:46:42,679 --> 04:46:45,482 CONCENTRATIONS ONLY AMONG ADULTS 6602 04:46:45,482 --> 04:46:46,983 NOT ADOLESCENTS BUT THE SAMPLE 6603 04:46:46,983 --> 04:46:48,585 SIZE FOR ADOLESCENTS WAS SMALLER 6604 04:46:48,585 --> 04:46:49,519 THAN ADULTS. 6605 04:46:49,519 --> 04:46:53,356 IN SUMMARY OF THE FIRST STUDY WE 6606 04:46:53,356 --> 04:46:55,992 DO HAVE SUPPORTING EVIDENCE THAT 6607 04:46:55,992 --> 04:46:59,529 FOLATE MIGHT PROTECT FROM PFAS 6608 04:46:59,529 --> 04:47:03,967 EXPOSURE AND PEOPLE WITH HIGHER 6609 04:47:03,967 --> 04:47:04,567 FOLATE LEVELS HAD HIGHER 6610 04:47:04,567 --> 04:47:08,104 BIOMARKER OR ACID INTAKE LEVELS 6611 04:47:08,104 --> 04:47:13,510 HAD LOWER PFAS CONS TRIGSES. 6612 04:47:13,510 --> 04:47:15,078 -- CONCENTRATIONS. 6613 04:47:15,078 --> 04:47:17,547 IN THE SECOND STUDY WE FURTHER 6614 04:47:17,547 --> 04:47:19,382 AIMED TO EXAMINE IF FOLATE CAN 6615 04:47:19,382 --> 04:47:23,720 MODIFY THE PREVIOUSLY ADVERSE 6616 04:47:23,720 --> 04:47:26,022 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PFAS AND 6617 04:47:26,022 --> 04:47:27,824 LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT. 6618 04:47:27,824 --> 04:47:29,526 THESE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PFAS 6619 04:47:29,526 --> 04:47:31,895 AND LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT HAS BEEN 6620 04:47:31,895 --> 04:47:33,630 RECORDED FROM MULTIPLE STUDIES 6621 04:47:33,630 --> 04:47:39,969 AND HERE IN OUR STUDY WE 6622 04:47:39,969 --> 04:47:43,440 INCLUDED COMPARATORS FROM A 6623 04:47:43,440 --> 04:47:48,445 COHORT OF THE UNITED STATES AND 6624 04:47:48,445 --> 04:47:52,082 EXAMINED AND PFAS EXPOSURE IN 6625 04:47:52,082 --> 04:47:56,319 RELS TO BIRTH WEIGHT AND HERE WE 6626 04:47:56,319 --> 04:47:59,322 FIRST DIVIDED THE TOTAL 6627 04:47:59,322 --> 04:48:01,524 POPULATION INTO FOUR FOLATE 6628 04:48:01,524 --> 04:48:04,694 GROUPS AND EQUIVALENT OR BY 6629 04:48:04,694 --> 04:48:07,397 QUARTILES OF FOLATE LEVELS FROM 6630 04:48:07,397 --> 04:48:13,369 QUARTILE 1 THE LOWEST TO 6631 04:48:13,369 --> 04:48:15,538 QUARTILE 4 AND EXAMINED THE 6632 04:48:15,538 --> 04:48:16,940 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PFAS AND 6633 04:48:16,940 --> 04:48:19,242 BIRTH WEIGHT AND CONSISTENT WITH 6634 04:48:19,242 --> 04:48:22,412 PREVIOUS STUDIES IN DATA WE ALSO 6635 04:48:22,412 --> 04:48:26,116 FOUND THAT HIGHER EARLY 6636 04:48:26,116 --> 04:48:28,017 PREGNANCY PFOA CONCENTRATION WAS 6637 04:48:28,017 --> 04:48:31,621 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER BIRTH 6638 04:48:31,621 --> 04:48:32,989 WEIGHT BUT THE INVERSE 6639 04:48:32,989 --> 04:48:34,791 ASSOCIATION WAS ONLY AMONGED 6640 04:48:34,791 --> 04:48:37,327 MOTHERS IN THE LOWEST QUARTILE 6641 04:48:37,327 --> 04:48:41,364 GROUP OF FOLATE LEVELS AS PLASMA 6642 04:48:41,364 --> 04:48:45,101 FOLATE INTAKE BUT DO NOT FIND A 6643 04:48:45,101 --> 04:48:46,736 SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION FOR PFAS 6644 04:48:46,736 --> 04:48:48,671 AND BIRTH WEIGHT AMONG MOTHERS 6645 04:48:48,671 --> 04:48:51,975 WITH HY FOLATE LEVELS AND ALSO 6646 04:48:51,975 --> 04:48:53,943 CONSISTENT IN FINDING SUPPORT 6647 04:48:53,943 --> 04:48:57,947 THAT PFAS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 6648 04:48:57,947 --> 04:49:00,517 LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT ONLY AMONG 6649 04:49:00,517 --> 04:49:01,651 MOTHERS IN THE LOWEST GROUP OF 6650 04:49:01,651 --> 04:49:03,052 FOLATE LEVELS. 6651 04:49:03,052 --> 04:49:09,759 IN SUMMARY THE SECOND STUDY WE 6652 04:49:09,759 --> 04:49:14,998 DO FIND FOLATE MAY MODIFY THE 6653 04:49:14,998 --> 04:49:16,633 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PFAS AND 6654 04:49:16,633 --> 04:49:20,870 LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT AND MOTHERS 6655 04:49:20,870 --> 04:49:28,912 IN THE LOWEST FOLATE LEVEL WERE 6656 04:49:28,912 --> 04:49:32,115 IMPACTED BY PFAS BUT MOTHERS 6657 04:49:32,115 --> 04:49:34,717 WITH HIGHER FOLATE LEVELS WE 6658 04:49:34,717 --> 04:49:36,419 DON'T FIND ADVERSE ASSOCIATION 6659 04:49:36,419 --> 04:49:42,392 BETWEEN PFAS AND BIRTH WEIGHT. 6660 04:49:42,392 --> 04:49:52,936 >> WE FORTH -- FURTHER LOOKED AT 6661 04:49:53,336 --> 04:49:57,006 THE LOWER LEVELS AND INCLUDED 6662 04:49:57,006 --> 04:49:58,408 ADOLESCENTS FROM THE POPULATION 6663 04:49:58,408 --> 04:50:00,743 ALSO USING THE NHANES DATA AND 6664 04:50:00,743 --> 04:50:02,545 EXAMINED THE ASSOCIATION MUCH 6665 04:50:02,545 --> 04:50:04,681 THE TOTAL PFAS MIX YOU'RE IN 6666 04:50:04,681 --> 04:50:09,953 RELATED TO ANTIBODIES IN THE 6667 04:50:09,953 --> 04:50:14,190 TOTAL POPULATION IN THE LOWER 6668 04:50:14,190 --> 04:50:19,062 AND UPPER GROUPS AND DEFINED BY 6669 04:50:19,062 --> 04:50:21,798 THE LOWER QUARTILE LEVEL AND 6670 04:50:21,798 --> 04:50:27,470 FOUND HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF 6671 04:50:27,470 --> 04:50:31,908 PFAS MIXTURE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 6672 04:50:31,908 --> 04:50:33,943 LOWER ANTIBODY LEVELS IN THE 6673 04:50:33,943 --> 04:50:34,711 TOTAL POPULATION AS WELL AS IN 6674 04:50:34,711 --> 04:50:36,479 THE LOWER FOLATE GROUP BUT NOT 6675 04:50:36,479 --> 04:50:38,047 IN THE UPPER FOLATE GROUP. 6676 04:50:38,047 --> 04:50:39,983 SO IN SUMMARY OF ALL THESE THREE 6677 04:50:39,983 --> 04:50:44,621 STUDIES WE CONDUCTED, WE FOUND 6678 04:50:44,621 --> 04:50:47,156 HIGHER FOLATE LEVELS IS 6679 04:50:47,156 --> 04:50:49,292 ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER PFAS 6680 04:50:49,292 --> 04:50:54,697 CONCENTRATIONS AND PEOPLE WITH 6681 04:50:54,697 --> 04:50:57,533 HIGHER FOLIC LEVELS WERE LESS 6682 04:50:57,533 --> 04:50:59,035 LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE PFAS 6683 04:50:59,035 --> 04:51:00,837 RELATED ADVERSE OUTCOMES 6684 04:51:00,837 --> 04:51:01,437 INCLUDING ANTIBODY LEVELS AND 6685 04:51:01,437 --> 04:51:04,974 LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT. 6686 04:51:04,974 --> 04:51:07,977 IN SUMMARY, BASED ON OUR STUDIES 6687 04:51:07,977 --> 04:51:09,646 AND PREVIOUS STUDIES, FOLATE 6688 04:51:09,646 --> 04:51:12,282 SHOWS PROMISE AS A POTENTIAL 6689 04:51:12,282 --> 04:51:18,788 MITIGATION MEASURE FOR EDCs BUT 6690 04:51:18,788 --> 04:51:22,725 THE POPULATION IN THESE 6691 04:51:22,725 --> 04:51:23,826 OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES WERE 6692 04:51:23,826 --> 04:51:26,396 MAINLY FROM THE UNITED STATES 6693 04:51:26,396 --> 04:51:27,930 POPULATION AND OF HIGHER SOCIO 6694 04:51:27,930 --> 04:51:28,398 ECONOMIC STATUS. 6695 04:51:28,398 --> 04:51:31,000 MORE STUDIES ARE NEEDED TO 6696 04:51:31,000 --> 04:51:32,669 VALIDATE THE STUDIES IN DIVERSE 6697 04:51:32,669 --> 04:51:35,938 POPULATIONS AND TO DETERMINE THE 6698 04:51:35,938 --> 04:51:38,908 OPTIMAL RANGE OF FOLATE INTAKE 6699 04:51:38,908 --> 04:51:41,611 REGARDING THE IMPACT TO MITIGATE 6700 04:51:41,611 --> 04:51:44,347 EDC EXPOSURE BECAUSE CURRENTLY 6701 04:51:44,347 --> 04:51:49,419 WE'RE NOT CLEAR THE OPTIMAL 6702 04:51:49,419 --> 04:51:50,620 RANGE FOR HEALTH IMPACT. 6703 04:51:50,620 --> 04:51:53,956 LASTLY, I WANT TO THANK MY 6704 04:51:53,956 --> 04:52:01,531 MENTOR FOR SUPPORTING AND 6705 04:52:01,531 --> 04:52:03,966 SUPERVISING ME IN THE WORK AND 6706 04:52:03,966 --> 04:52:05,501 THE HARVARD CHAN SCHOOL OF 6707 04:52:05,501 --> 04:52:06,169 PUBLIC HEALTH AND THANK YOU ALL. 6708 04:52:06,169 --> 04:52:16,412 >> THANK YOU. 6709 04:52:18,114 --> 04:52:19,782 I'D LIKE TO OPEN IT UP FOR 6710 04:52:19,782 --> 04:52:20,717 QUESTIONS AND HAVE A QUESTION 6711 04:52:20,717 --> 04:52:23,219 FROM AN AUDIENCE MEMBER ONLINE 6712 04:52:23,219 --> 04:52:24,954 FOR DR. MELOUGH. 6713 04:52:24,954 --> 04:52:29,525 THE QUESTION IS COMPARE AND CO 6714 04:52:29,525 --> 04:52:34,263 CONTRAST FISH OIL WITH ALGAE OIL 6715 04:52:34,263 --> 04:52:38,868 IN ITS ABILITY TO BE ABSORBED AN 6716 04:52:38,868 --> 04:52:42,638 BENEFITS IN TERMS OF OMEGA 3 6717 04:52:42,638 --> 04:52:49,512 CONTENT FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE VEGAN 6718 04:52:49,512 --> 04:52:50,980 AND DO NOT WANT TO CONSUME 6719 04:52:50,980 --> 04:52:51,914 ANIMAL PRODUCT. 6720 04:52:51,914 --> 04:52:55,351 >> GREAT QUESTION. 6721 04:52:55,351 --> 04:52:58,688 FISH OIL SUPPLEMENTATION WILL 6722 04:52:58,688 --> 04:53:02,392 HAVE A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT OMEGA 6723 04:53:02,392 --> 04:53:06,696 3 PROFILE AND I DON'T BELIEVE 6724 04:53:06,696 --> 04:53:08,131 ALGAE OILS WILL BE A PERFECT 6725 04:53:08,131 --> 04:53:08,998 SUBSTITUTION BUT COULD BE A GOOD 6726 04:53:08,998 --> 04:53:12,668 WAY TO GET SOME OF THE ESSENTIAL 6727 04:53:12,668 --> 04:53:17,507 OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS. 6728 04:53:17,507 --> 04:53:20,209 >> I'LL ASK A FOLLOW-UP BECAUSE 6729 04:53:20,209 --> 04:53:21,711 I PUT FLAX SEED MEAL ON 6730 04:53:21,711 --> 04:53:24,180 EVERYTHING BECAUSE IT HAS OMEGA 6731 04:53:24,180 --> 04:53:24,747 3s. 6732 04:53:24,747 --> 04:53:28,551 I GUESS THE ANSWER IS THE SAME 6733 04:53:28,551 --> 04:53:30,787 IT'S NOT A ONE TO ONE. 6734 04:53:30,787 --> 04:53:33,089 >> THE PLANT-BASED SOURCES LIKE 6735 04:53:33,089 --> 04:53:36,893 FLAX SEED STILL ARE OMEGA 3 6736 04:53:36,893 --> 04:53:40,296 FATTY ACIDS BUT HAVE LIMITED 6737 04:53:40,296 --> 04:53:42,465 ABILITY TO CONVERT THROWS TO 6738 04:53:42,465 --> 04:53:45,535 ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS WE FIND IN 6739 04:53:45,535 --> 04:53:48,571 SEAFOOD PRODUCTS. 6740 04:53:48,571 --> 04:53:53,142 >> HMM, OKAY, ALL RIGHT. 6741 04:53:53,142 --> 04:53:53,709 DR. SHOOK. 6742 04:53:53,709 --> 04:54:00,349 >> MY QUESTION IS FOR 6743 04:54:00,349 --> 04:54:01,517 DR. MELOUGH. 6744 04:54:01,517 --> 04:54:05,121 SO I WAS A LITTLE SURPRISED YOU 6745 04:54:05,121 --> 04:54:09,492 WERE SUGGESTING THE WASHING 6746 04:54:09,492 --> 04:54:12,595 VEGETABLES AND FRUITS AND USING 6747 04:54:12,595 --> 04:54:15,364 LESS PROCESSED FOOD WOULD NOT 6748 04:54:15,364 --> 04:54:20,503 REALLY CHANGE YOUR EDC UPTAKE 6749 04:54:20,503 --> 04:54:20,837 HEAVILY. 6750 04:54:20,837 --> 04:54:23,272 THIS MORNING IT WAS SUGGEST THE 6751 04:54:23,272 --> 04:54:24,974 THE OPPOSITE. 6752 04:54:24,974 --> 04:54:26,909 JUST WONDERING THE DETAILS OF 6753 04:54:26,909 --> 04:54:29,512 THE STUDY MORE IF YOU COULD 6754 04:54:29,512 --> 04:54:31,214 COMMENT ON THAT AND WHAT YOUR 6755 04:54:31,214 --> 04:54:32,114 THOUGHTS ARE. 6756 04:54:32,114 --> 04:54:32,949 >> CERTAINLY. 6757 04:54:32,949 --> 04:54:35,151 SO WHAT I SHOWED IN THE 6758 04:54:35,151 --> 04:54:36,886 BEGINNING AND ESPECIALLY IN THE 6759 04:54:36,886 --> 04:54:39,188 SLIDE THAT DIDN'T SHOW UP 6760 04:54:39,188 --> 04:54:40,923 COMPLETELY, THERE HAVE BEEN 6761 04:54:40,923 --> 04:54:43,125 NUMEROUS STUDIES SMALL 6762 04:54:43,125 --> 04:54:44,193 INTERVENTION STUDIES THAT TEST 6763 04:54:44,193 --> 04:54:46,262 OUT DIFFERENT DIETARY 6764 04:54:46,262 --> 04:54:46,629 STRATEGIES. 6765 04:54:46,629 --> 04:54:49,532 SO REPLACING CONVENTIONALLY 6766 04:54:49,532 --> 04:54:51,467 GROWN PRODUCE WITH ORGANICALLY 6767 04:54:51,467 --> 04:54:53,503 GROWN OR BEING SURE TO WASH 6768 04:54:53,503 --> 04:54:57,974 PRODUCE BEFORE CONSUMING OR 6769 04:54:57,974 --> 04:54:59,475 SIMPLY REPLACING MORE PROCESSED 6770 04:54:59,475 --> 04:55:01,244 FOODS WITH MINIMALLY PROCESSED 6771 04:55:01,244 --> 04:55:01,444 FOODS. 6772 04:55:01,444 --> 04:55:02,945 THOSE ARE ALL STRATEGIES THAT 6773 04:55:02,945 --> 04:55:05,214 CAN WORK AND HAVE BEEN SHOWN IN 6774 04:55:05,214 --> 04:55:07,650 THOSE SMALL INTERVENTIONS TO 6775 04:55:07,650 --> 04:55:08,251 HELP REDUCE EXPOSURE. 6776 04:55:08,251 --> 04:55:11,921 THE POINT I WAS TRYING TO MAKE 6777 04:55:11,921 --> 04:55:13,523 IS THAT SOME OF THESE 6778 04:55:13,523 --> 04:55:21,531 INTERVENTION STUDIES WERE 6779 04:55:21,531 --> 04:55:21,864 UNSUSTAINABLE. 6780 04:55:21,864 --> 04:55:27,970 SO RESEARCHERS SUPPLYING A 6781 04:55:27,970 --> 04:55:29,839 COMPLETE MEAL REPLACEMENT ISN'T 6782 04:55:29,839 --> 04:55:32,675 FEASIBLE FOR ALL GROUPS. 6783 04:55:32,675 --> 04:55:33,442 NEXT, IF PEOPLE IMPLEMENT 6784 04:55:33,442 --> 04:55:35,645 HEALTHY DIETARY GUIDELINES AND 6785 04:55:35,645 --> 04:55:38,781 EAT ACCORDING TO THE MY PLATE 6786 04:55:38,781 --> 04:55:41,450 MODEL AND FILLING HALF THE PLATE 6787 04:55:41,450 --> 04:55:50,526 WITH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES AND 6788 04:55:50,526 --> 04:55:51,827 IT WAS NOT SUFFICIENT ON ITS OWN 6789 04:55:51,827 --> 04:55:54,063 IN MY STUDY. 6790 04:55:54,063 --> 04:55:56,499 I THINK THAT'S BECAUSE WE ARE 6791 04:55:56,499 --> 04:55:59,302 ABLE TO CONSUME WE IN CA GET OUR 6792 04:55:59,302 --> 04:56:02,572 SPINACH FROM A CAN AND THAT'S A 6793 04:56:02,572 --> 04:56:05,308 GREAT WAY FOR SOME PEOPLE TO GET 6794 04:56:05,308 --> 04:56:06,876 VEGETABLE AND FRUITS AND MAY 6795 04:56:06,876 --> 04:56:09,245 STILL COME WITH RISK OF 6796 04:56:09,245 --> 04:56:09,579 CONTAMINATION. 6797 04:56:09,579 --> 04:56:13,549 THE CONTAMINATION WITH EDCs CAN 6798 04:56:13,549 --> 04:56:16,385 HAPPEN IN OUR OWN KITCHENS THE 6799 04:56:16,385 --> 04:56:17,186 WAY WE PROCESS FOODS. 6800 04:56:17,186 --> 04:56:18,921 TO GETTING BACK TO YOUR 6801 04:56:18,921 --> 04:56:19,789 QUESTION, THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 6802 04:56:19,789 --> 04:56:24,327 MY MINDINGS AND WHAT -- FINDINGS 6803 04:56:24,327 --> 04:56:25,494 AND OTHERS COULD BE THE 6804 04:56:25,494 --> 04:56:27,196 POPULATIONS EXAMINED AND LOOKING 6805 04:56:27,196 --> 04:56:29,498 AT NHANES AND MY STUDY WE'RE 6806 04:56:29,498 --> 04:56:31,467 ABLE TO SEE A DIFFERENT SURVEY 6807 04:56:31,467 --> 04:56:34,637 OF DIETS, HOW PEOPLE ACTUALLY 6808 04:56:34,637 --> 04:56:36,973 PUT INTO PRACTICE EATING FRUITS 6809 04:56:36,973 --> 04:56:38,040 AND VEGETABLE AND WHAT'S IT LOOK 6810 04:56:38,040 --> 04:56:39,609 LIKE COMPARED TO OTHER STUDIES 6811 04:56:39,609 --> 04:56:40,943 FROM THIS MORNING WHICH I 6812 04:56:40,943 --> 04:56:45,414 BELIEVE HAVE BEEN PREGNANT 6813 04:56:45,414 --> 04:56:46,782 POPULATIONS WHO MAY BE EATING 6814 04:56:46,782 --> 04:56:51,887 DIFFERENTLY OR HAVE OTHER 6815 04:56:51,887 --> 04:56:56,525 CONCERNS ON THEIR MIND. 6816 04:56:56,525 --> 04:57:00,329 IT'S A CHALLENGE TO FUND STUDIES 6817 04:57:00,329 --> 04:57:06,535 AND STRUGGLED WITH THAT IN THE 6818 04:57:06,535 --> 04:57:12,775 PAST YOUR FORMER P.I. HAD A WELL 6819 04:57:12,775 --> 04:57:14,744 FUNDED STUDY. 6820 04:57:14,744 --> 04:57:17,647 >> SOME OF THOSE INTERVENTIONS 6821 04:57:17,647 --> 04:57:24,687 TOO HAD UNEXPECTED FINDINGS AND 6822 04:57:24,687 --> 04:57:26,689 SOME EXPOSURES WE THINK WE 6823 04:57:26,689 --> 04:57:27,723 SHOULD BE ABLE TO DO SOME SO 6824 04:57:27,723 --> 04:57:33,763 IT'S CHALLENGING. 6825 04:57:33,763 --> 04:57:34,897 >> I'LL TRY TO BE QUICK. 6826 04:57:34,897 --> 04:57:36,065 I WAS THINKING ABOUT THE POINT 6827 04:57:36,065 --> 04:57:41,137 WHEN YOU WERE PRESENTING YOUR 6828 04:57:41,137 --> 04:57:42,972 FINDINGS THAT IT DOESN'T MEAN 6829 04:57:42,972 --> 04:57:45,007 YOU'RE NOT EATING ULTRA 6830 04:57:45,007 --> 04:57:48,577 PROCESSED FOODS THAT PEOPLE EAT 6831 04:57:48,577 --> 04:57:51,947 NOW VEGGIE PATTIES AND ANYWAY, I 6832 04:57:51,947 --> 04:57:54,650 THINK IT'S JUST NOT A GREAT 6833 04:57:54,650 --> 04:57:56,152 MEASURE OF YOUR EDC INTAKE 6834 04:57:56,152 --> 04:57:56,419 CLEARLY. 6835 04:57:56,419 --> 04:57:58,621 BUT I WANTED TO ASK ABOUT THE 6836 04:57:58,621 --> 04:58:01,057 FISH OIL BECAUSE I KNOW THAT YOU 6837 04:58:01,057 --> 04:58:05,394 WERE FOCUSSED ON NON PERSISTENT 6838 04:58:05,394 --> 04:58:09,265 EDCs BUT BUT THE PERSISTENT EDCs 6839 04:58:09,265 --> 04:58:12,935 CAN BE CONCENTRATED IN THE FISH 6840 04:58:12,935 --> 04:58:14,804 OIL LIKE PCBs. 6841 04:58:14,804 --> 04:58:18,274 >> FISH OIL MAY BE AN ATTRACTIVE 6842 04:58:18,274 --> 04:58:21,210 INTERVENTION STRATEGY OVER FISH 6843 04:58:21,210 --> 04:58:22,645 BECAUSE AT LEAST WITH FISH OIL 6844 04:58:22,645 --> 04:58:25,815 WE HAVE SOME CONTROL OVER 6845 04:58:25,815 --> 04:58:28,784 REMOVING THE INADVERTENT 6846 04:58:28,784 --> 04:58:29,518 CONTAMINANTS. 6847 04:58:29,518 --> 04:58:31,454 THAT'S WHY I'M INTERESTED IN 6848 04:58:31,454 --> 04:58:35,925 FISH OIL AND WHY WE PURSUED IT 6849 04:58:35,925 --> 04:58:38,327 BUT YOU'RE RIGHT IT CAN HAVE 6850 04:58:38,327 --> 04:58:38,661 CONTAMINATION. 6851 04:58:38,661 --> 04:58:39,495 >> THANK YOU. 6852 04:58:39,495 --> 04:58:50,039 THANK YOU FOR A GREAT SESSION, 6853 04:58:53,709 --> 04:58:53,909 DR. ZHANG. 6854 04:58:53,909 --> 04:58:55,878 THE NEXT SESSION WILL BE 6855 04:58:55,878 --> 04:58:58,981 MODERATED FROM DR. JENNIFER 6856 04:58:58,981 --> 04:59:00,015 BAUMGARTNER FROM NCCIH AND I'LL 6857 04:59:00,015 --> 04:59:10,259 INTRODUCE HER. 6858 04:59:10,993 --> 04:59:12,595 >> GOOD AFTERNOON. 6859 04:59:12,595 --> 04:59:16,031 I KNOW IT'S LATE IN THE DAY AND 6860 04:59:16,031 --> 04:59:20,402 I'M JENNIFER BAUMGARTNER AND I 6861 04:59:20,402 --> 04:59:23,773 HAVE THE PLEASURE OF INTRODUCING 6862 04:59:23,773 --> 04:59:25,975 OUR SPEAKER, DR. ERIC LOUCKS A 6863 04:59:25,975 --> 04:59:27,510 LEADER AND INNOVATOR IN THE 6864 04:59:27,510 --> 04:59:30,079 RESEARCH ON MINDFULNESS AND 6865 04:59:30,079 --> 04:59:33,048 HEALTH AND WELL-BEING. 6866 04:59:33,048 --> 04:59:35,117 HE'S GOING TO SHARE A FRAMEWORK 6867 04:59:35,117 --> 04:59:37,319 TO GUIDE ADAPTATIONS OF 6868 04:59:37,319 --> 04:59:39,121 MINDFULNESS PROGRAMS FOR 6869 04:59:39,121 --> 04:59:40,189 SPECIFIC POPULATIONS IN CONTEXT. 6870 04:59:40,189 --> 04:59:45,528 USING THIS FRAMEWORK IN HIS OWN 6871 04:59:45,528 --> 04:59:47,930 RESEARCH WE CAN BEGIN TO 6872 04:59:47,930 --> 04:59:49,331 APPRECIATE AND TALK ABOUT THE 6873 04:59:49,331 --> 04:59:50,733 RIGOROUS PROGRAM THAT 6874 04:59:50,733 --> 04:59:53,035 INTERROGATES THE ROLE OF 6875 04:59:53,035 --> 04:59:54,370 MIND/BODY APPROACH INCLUDING 6876 04:59:54,370 --> 04:59:56,672 MINDFULNESS IN PREVENTING AND 6877 04:59:56,672 --> 04:59:58,841 MITIGATING THE CONSEQUENCES OF 6878 04:59:58,841 --> 04:59:59,608 EDC EXPOSURE. 6879 04:59:59,608 --> 05:00:00,843 SO DR. LOUCKS I BELIEVE YOU'RE 6880 05:00:00,843 --> 05:00:01,377 ON ZOOM. 6881 05:00:01,377 --> 05:00:02,978 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US 6882 05:00:02,978 --> 05:00:04,413 AND I TURN THE FLOOR TO YOU. 6883 05:00:04,413 --> 05:00:14,657 >> THANK YOU. 6884 05:00:16,225 --> 05:00:26,569 >> PLEASURE TO BE HERE. 6885 05:00:33,008 --> 05:00:37,546 THIS IS HOW IT CAN BE 6886 05:00:37,546 --> 05:00:42,017 IMPLEMENTED AND ASKED IF I MIGHT 6887 05:00:42,017 --> 05:00:47,489 LOOK WITHOUT HOW IT MAY BE 6888 05:00:47,489 --> 05:00:50,092 ADAPTED TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING 6889 05:00:50,092 --> 05:00:52,027 CHEMICAL MITIGATION AND GO 6890 05:00:52,027 --> 05:00:53,028 THROUGH THE FRAMEWORK AND WORK 6891 05:00:53,028 --> 05:00:56,198 THROUGH IT WITH YOU TO SEE HOW 6892 05:00:56,198 --> 05:01:01,503 WE MIGHT ADAPT IT TO EDC 6893 05:01:01,503 --> 05:01:01,804 MITIGATION. 6894 05:01:01,804 --> 05:01:08,010 IN MY FIELD A POPULAR MODEL WAS 6895 05:01:08,010 --> 05:01:09,545 DEVELOPED BY AN INITIATIVE AND 6896 05:01:09,545 --> 05:01:10,713 RESEARCH IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 6897 05:01:10,713 --> 05:01:13,482 IN THE FIELD FOR MINDFULNESS 6898 05:01:13,482 --> 05:01:16,018 INNOVATORS REFERENCED IN THE 6899 05:01:16,018 --> 05:01:18,187 BOTTOM RIGHT. 6900 05:01:18,187 --> 05:01:19,221 THERE'S A QUOTE THERE'S NO SUCH 6901 05:01:19,221 --> 05:01:21,724 THING AS RUNNING AWAY FROM THE 6902 05:01:21,724 --> 05:01:22,324 PROBLEM. 6903 05:01:22,324 --> 05:01:23,259 THEY'RE VERY PATIENT AND WILL 6904 05:01:23,259 --> 05:01:25,794 WAIT A LIFE TIME FOR YOU AND 6905 05:01:25,794 --> 05:01:26,862 ESPECIALLY WHEN WE THINK ABOUT 6906 05:01:26,862 --> 05:01:28,831 THE FOREVER CHEMICALS. 6907 05:01:28,831 --> 05:01:30,933 THEY REALLY WILL WAIT A LIFE 6908 05:01:30,933 --> 05:01:35,938 TIME FOR US AND SO IF WE'RE 6909 05:01:35,938 --> 05:01:37,206 THINKING ABOUT TRYING TO 6910 05:01:37,206 --> 05:01:38,674 CONSIDER HOW MINDFULNESS CAN BE 6911 05:01:38,674 --> 05:01:41,577 USED TO HELP WITH PREVENTION OR 6912 05:01:41,577 --> 05:01:43,512 MITIGATION OF EDC EXPOSURE, IT 6913 05:01:43,512 --> 05:01:44,647 CAN BE HELPFUL TO THINK ABOUT 6914 05:01:44,647 --> 05:01:45,214 THE PROBLEM WE'RE TRYING TO 6915 05:01:45,214 --> 05:01:51,420 SOLVE. 6916 05:01:51,420 --> 05:01:53,789 ASK YOURSELF WHEN YOU THINK OF 6917 05:01:53,789 --> 05:01:58,794 THE EXPOSURE WHAT PROBLEM ARE 6918 05:01:58,794 --> 05:02:01,697 YOU TRYING TO SOLVE OR AND WHAT 6919 05:02:01,697 --> 05:02:02,865 MAKESI WHAT MAKES THIS A PROBLEM 6920 05:02:02,865 --> 05:02:05,234 AND WHAT ASSUMPTIONS ARE YOU 6921 05:02:05,234 --> 05:02:06,001 MAKING IN THE STAGE AND WHAT 6922 05:02:06,001 --> 05:02:11,340 CHANGE OR IMPACT WOULD YOU LIKE 6923 05:02:11,340 --> 05:02:12,975 TO CREATE. 6924 05:02:12,975 --> 05:02:16,979 AND SO JUST TAKE A MOMENT TO 6925 05:02:16,979 --> 05:02:19,982 COME UP WITH A SPECIFIC PROBLEM 6926 05:02:19,982 --> 05:02:21,417 RELATED TO EDCs THAT MATTERS TO 6927 05:02:21,417 --> 05:02:25,054 YOU THAT YOU WONDER IF IT CAN BE 6928 05:02:25,054 --> 05:02:26,956 SOLVED BY MINDFULNESS AND MAY 6929 05:02:26,956 --> 05:02:28,757 HELP THIS PRESENTATION BE A BIT 6930 05:02:28,757 --> 05:02:33,162 MORE MEANINGFUL AND INVITE YOU 6931 05:02:33,162 --> 05:02:34,663 TO JOT IT DOWN AND IF I CAN HEAR 6932 05:02:34,663 --> 05:02:38,334 IF ONE OR TWO OF THEM IT WILL I 6933 05:02:38,334 --> 05:02:40,002 CAN WRAP THIS PRESENTATION 6934 05:02:40,002 --> 05:02:42,771 AROUND SOME EXAMPLES TOO. 6935 05:02:42,771 --> 05:02:44,573 I'D INVITE YOU TO CONSIDER THAT 6936 05:02:44,573 --> 05:02:46,909 FOR A MOMENT AND IF ANYONE WOULD 6937 05:02:46,909 --> 05:02:50,346 LIKE TO SHARE VERBALLY ON THE 6938 05:02:50,346 --> 05:02:52,548 MIC OR FOR THOSE IN THE ROOM OR 6939 05:02:52,548 --> 05:02:55,217 OR I THINK AS THE 22 OF US IN A 6940 05:02:55,217 --> 05:02:57,553 ZOOM ROOM SO IF ANYONE WANTED TO 6941 05:02:57,553 --> 05:03:04,994 PUT THAT IN THE CHAT BOX AS WELL 6942 05:03:04,994 --> 05:03:15,537 YOU'D BE WELCOME TO GIVE AN Z 6943 05:03:19,775 --> 05:03:19,942 EXAMPLE. 6944 05:03:19,942 --> 05:03:22,644 >> I'M WONDERING IF THE NOTION 6945 05:03:22,644 --> 05:03:29,551 THAT THESE EDCs ARE ALL AROUND 6946 05:03:29,551 --> 05:03:33,789 AND THERE'S NOTHING WE CAN DO 6947 05:03:33,789 --> 05:03:35,724 ABOUT THEM AS YOU SAID THE IN 6948 05:03:35,724 --> 05:03:37,226 YOUR FIRST SLIDE, THEY'LL WAIT 6949 05:03:37,226 --> 05:03:38,560 FOR US. 6950 05:03:38,560 --> 05:03:40,029 MAYBE THERE'S A MINDFULNESS 6951 05:03:40,029 --> 05:03:41,764 APPROACH TO NOT BE STRESSED OVER 6952 05:03:41,764 --> 05:03:41,964 THAT. 6953 05:03:41,964 --> 05:03:46,902 ARE WE NOT ADDING TO OUR STRESS 6954 05:03:46,902 --> 05:03:48,170 LEVELS IN HAVING TO READ EVERY 6955 05:03:48,170 --> 05:03:49,538 LABEL AND BE CONCERNED ABOUT 6956 05:03:49,538 --> 05:03:51,473 EVERYTHING WE PUT IN OUR HOUSE 6957 05:03:51,473 --> 05:03:56,912 AND TOUCH, MAKE OUR NEW FILTER 6958 05:03:56,912 --> 05:03:57,212 BOXES. 6959 05:03:57,212 --> 05:04:01,550 IS THAT NOT ADDING TO OUR STRESS 6960 05:04:01,550 --> 05:04:03,152 LEVEL AND PERHAPS ADDING TO THE 6961 05:04:03,152 --> 05:04:06,488 DISRUPTIVE EFFECTS? 6962 05:04:06,488 --> 05:04:10,025 >> THAT'S A REALLY GOOD 6963 05:04:10,025 --> 05:04:10,292 QUESTION. 6964 05:04:10,292 --> 05:04:13,529 I'M SURE OTHERS HERE FEEL THE 6965 05:04:13,529 --> 05:04:21,003 SAME WAY. 6966 05:04:21,003 --> 05:04:27,142 >> I HAVE ONE I'D LIKE TO SHARE. 6967 05:04:27,142 --> 05:04:29,978 THINKING HOW EDCs IMPACT US 6968 05:04:29,978 --> 05:04:30,446 SILENTLY. 6969 05:04:30,446 --> 05:04:37,319 OUR AWARENESS IS LIMITED TO THIS 6970 05:04:37,319 --> 05:04:41,156 AND HOW CAN WE DEEPEN OUR 6971 05:04:41,156 --> 05:04:41,857 LISTENING AND A LOT OF TIMES THE 6972 05:04:41,857 --> 05:04:47,062 PROBLEMS BEING CREATED BY THE 6973 05:04:47,062 --> 05:04:48,330 CHEMICALS ARE ALSO FELT VERY 6974 05:04:48,330 --> 05:04:50,599 DEEPLY IN THE PLANET BUT WE 6975 05:04:50,599 --> 05:04:51,533 DON'T OFTEN HEAR. 6976 05:04:51,533 --> 05:04:52,034 >> WONDERFUL. 6977 05:04:52,034 --> 05:04:59,074 YEAH, THANK YOU. 6978 05:04:59,074 --> 05:05:01,577 SO HERE'S A COUPLE EXAMPLES. 6979 05:05:01,577 --> 05:05:05,414 >> DR. LOUCKS, ONE MORE. 6980 05:05:05,414 --> 05:05:08,016 >> JUST WONDERING HOW THINKING 6981 05:05:08,016 --> 05:05:15,324 FROM A BIO LODGICAL PERSPECTIVE 6982 05:05:15,324 --> 05:05:22,865 HOW CAN YOU USE MINDFULNESS FOR 6983 05:05:22,865 --> 05:05:23,765 NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS IN 6984 05:05:23,765 --> 05:05:24,766 EXPOSED OFFSPRING? 6985 05:05:24,766 --> 05:05:26,001 >> I SEE GOOD IDEAS AND 6986 05:05:26,001 --> 05:05:36,411 QUESTIONS COMING UP HERE TOO. 6987 05:05:36,411 --> 05:05:38,847 SO HOW WOULD WE USE MINDFULNESS 6988 05:05:38,847 --> 05:05:40,415 TO ADDRESS SOME OF THE 6989 05:05:40,415 --> 05:05:41,016 QUESTIONS? 6990 05:05:41,016 --> 05:05:43,919 PART OF THE FRAMEWORK -- SORRY 6991 05:05:43,919 --> 05:05:45,554 SOME FONT CAME THROUGH TOO 6992 05:05:45,554 --> 05:05:54,396 SMALL. 6993 05:05:54,396 --> 05:05:56,532 IF WE LOOK AT THE MINDFULNESS 6994 05:05:56,532 --> 05:05:59,668 PROGRAM FUNDAMENTAL AND ACTIVE 6995 05:05:59,668 --> 05:06:00,202 INGREDIENTS. 6996 05:06:00,202 --> 05:06:02,571 WHEN WE'RE THINKING ABOUT 6997 05:06:02,571 --> 05:06:03,438 DEVELOPING A MINDFULNESS 6998 05:06:03,438 --> 05:06:06,008 INTERVENTION AND ADAPTING IT YOU 6999 05:06:06,008 --> 05:06:07,342 WANT TO HAVE THESE FIVE 7000 05:06:07,342 --> 05:06:09,077 COMPONENTS OR CIRCLES WITHIN 7001 05:06:09,077 --> 05:06:11,813 OURSELVES OR USUALLY SOMEONE ON 7002 05:06:11,813 --> 05:06:13,949 THE TEAM TO HAVE DEEP 7003 05:06:13,949 --> 05:06:14,283 UNDERSTANDING. 7004 05:06:14,283 --> 05:06:15,851 TO HAVE SOMEONE ON THE TEAM WITH 7005 05:06:15,851 --> 05:06:17,553 DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT 7006 05:06:17,553 --> 05:06:20,022 MINDFULNESS IS AND AMINDFULNESS 7007 05:06:20,022 --> 05:06:21,823 INTERVENTIONS ARE AND IT MIGHT 7008 05:06:21,823 --> 05:06:24,259 BE FOR EXAMPLE HAVING A STRONG 7009 05:06:24,259 --> 05:06:26,995 TRAINING IN THE ABILITY TO LEAD 7010 05:06:26,995 --> 05:06:28,864 MINDFULNESS MEDITATION PRACTICES 7011 05:06:28,864 --> 05:06:31,633 AND UNDERSTAND ELEMENTS OF THE 7012 05:06:31,633 --> 05:06:35,404 APPROACH ORIENTATION WE USE WITH 7013 05:06:35,404 --> 05:06:36,905 MINDFULNESS MOVING TOWARDS 7014 05:06:36,905 --> 05:06:40,342 DIFFICULTIES THROUGH A 7015 05:06:40,342 --> 05:06:46,014 TRAUMA-SENSITIVE WAY AND UTILIZE 7016 05:06:46,014 --> 05:06:47,683 SAFETY CENTERING AND TAKING A 7017 05:06:47,683 --> 05:06:50,118 STEP BACK FROM OUR THOUGHTS, 7018 05:06:50,118 --> 05:06:51,820 EMOTIONS, PHYSICAL EMOTIONS 7019 05:06:51,820 --> 05:06:53,355 KNOWING THEY'RE JUST THAT, 7020 05:06:53,355 --> 05:06:55,557 EMOTIONS AND DON'T NEED TO ACT 7021 05:06:55,557 --> 05:06:58,794 ON THEM AS WE CHOOSE TO AND 7022 05:06:58,794 --> 05:07:01,897 HAVING SOMEONE ON THE TEAM WITH 7023 05:07:01,897 --> 05:07:03,532 MINDFULNESS INTERVENTIONS CAN BE 7024 05:07:03,532 --> 05:07:03,799 IMPORTANT. 7025 05:07:03,799 --> 05:07:09,571 AND THE ET YOL IOLOGY OF OUTCOM 7026 05:07:09,571 --> 05:07:12,908 HOW EDCs IMPACT OUTCOMES TO 7027 05:07:12,908 --> 05:07:14,076 BETTER TARGET ALONG THE CAUSAL 7028 05:07:14,076 --> 05:07:16,011 PATHWAY AND BETTER APPROACHES AT 7029 05:07:16,011 --> 05:07:16,645 TIMES WHEN THEY'RE APPROPRIATE 7030 05:07:16,645 --> 05:07:17,479 TO INTERVENE. 7031 05:07:17,479 --> 05:07:20,115 THE BOTTOM CIRCLE SAYS EXISTING 7032 05:07:20,115 --> 05:07:21,550 AFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS FOR THE 7033 05:07:21,550 --> 05:07:23,218 TARGET HEALTH OUTCOME. 7034 05:07:23,218 --> 05:07:24,820 WHAT ALREADY WORKS? 7035 05:07:24,820 --> 05:07:25,988 THERE'S BEEN SOME INTERESTING 7036 05:07:25,988 --> 05:07:30,092 PRESENTATIONS TODAY ON THAT. 7037 05:07:30,092 --> 05:07:31,593 WHETHER IT'S ELEMENTS AROUND 7038 05:07:31,593 --> 05:07:36,832 SUPPLEMENTS OR FOLATE LIKE WE 7039 05:07:36,832 --> 05:07:40,969 JUST HEARD ABOUT OR HEALTH 7040 05:07:40,969 --> 05:07:42,304 PATTERNS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 7041 05:07:42,304 --> 05:07:46,074 AND INTERVENTIONS AT THE POLICY 7042 05:07:46,074 --> 05:07:48,377 LEVEL AROUND REGULATION. 7043 05:07:48,377 --> 05:07:49,544 SO MINDFULNESS CAN INTEGRATE IN 7044 05:07:49,544 --> 05:07:51,780 AND BE COMPLIMENTARY TO OTHER 7045 05:07:51,780 --> 05:07:52,648 EXISTING EVIDENCE-BASED 7046 05:07:52,648 --> 05:07:54,116 APPROACHES THAT CAN BOOST THE 7047 05:07:54,116 --> 05:08:03,258 EFFECTS OF THOSE APPROACHES. 7048 05:08:03,258 --> 05:08:06,561 FOR EXAMPLE IF WE'RE WORKING 7049 05:08:06,561 --> 05:08:07,496 WITH POLICIES IN NEIGHBORHOODS 7050 05:08:07,496 --> 05:08:11,533 AROUND MILITARY SITES THAT MAYBE 7051 05:08:11,533 --> 05:08:12,701 HAVE EDCs BEING EXPOSED TO 7052 05:08:12,701 --> 05:08:13,735 MILITARY PERSONNEL? 7053 05:08:13,735 --> 05:08:16,038 HOW CAN WE WORK WITH THE 7054 05:08:16,038 --> 05:08:18,440 COMMUNICATION PATTERNS OF THE 7055 05:08:18,440 --> 05:08:22,077 MILITARY PERSONNEL VERSUS 7056 05:08:22,077 --> 05:08:23,779 WORKING WITH FOLKS THAT ARE 7057 05:08:23,779 --> 05:08:28,617 PARTICULAR RACIAL ETHNIC GROUP 7058 05:08:28,617 --> 05:08:30,552 IMPACTED CAN WE CREATE PROGRAMS, 7059 05:08:30,552 --> 05:08:33,188 CO-CREATED WITH THEM AND BEING 7060 05:08:33,188 --> 05:08:36,358 LED BY THEM SO WE'RE SPEAKING IN 7061 05:08:36,358 --> 05:08:40,028 TERMS OF LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL 7062 05:08:40,028 --> 05:08:41,229 VALUES CONCORDANT WITH THE 7063 05:08:41,229 --> 05:08:43,098 GROUPS WE'RE INTEGRATING WITH 7064 05:08:43,098 --> 05:08:44,566 AND THE TOP ONE SAYS THE 7065 05:08:44,566 --> 05:08:46,034 DELIVERY SETTING. 7066 05:08:46,034 --> 05:08:48,103 THE INTERVENTIONS BEING OFFERED 7067 05:08:48,103 --> 05:08:50,238 IN PERSON OR ONLINE OR IN 7068 05:08:50,238 --> 05:08:52,974 CLINICS TO WOMEN PREGNANT FOR 7069 05:08:52,974 --> 05:08:54,743 EXAMPLE OR ARE THEY TAKING PLACE 7070 05:08:54,743 --> 05:08:57,145 IN WORKPLACES MAYBE IN 7071 05:08:57,145 --> 05:08:59,915 INDUSTRIES THAT ARE PROMOTING 7072 05:08:59,915 --> 05:09:03,218 THE PRODUCTION OF ENDOCRINE 7073 05:09:03,218 --> 05:09:04,986 DISRUPTING CHEMICALS AND WANT TO 7074 05:09:04,986 --> 05:09:06,888 WORK FROM THE INSIDE TO CREATE 7075 05:09:06,888 --> 05:09:08,256 POLICIES AND UNDERSTAND THE 7076 05:09:08,256 --> 05:09:09,224 DELIVERY SETTING THAT WILL 7077 05:09:09,224 --> 05:09:10,025 MATCH. 7078 05:09:10,025 --> 05:09:11,293 IF WE HAVE ALL THOSE ELEMENTS 7079 05:09:11,293 --> 05:09:13,528 PRESENT IN THE ROOM AND THE TEAM 7080 05:09:13,528 --> 05:09:14,730 DEVELOPING IT IT INCREASES THE 7081 05:09:14,730 --> 05:09:15,297 CHANCE THE PROGRAM WILL BE 7082 05:09:15,297 --> 05:09:23,038 EFFECTIVE. 7083 05:09:23,038 --> 05:09:26,341 WITH SUPPORT FROM NCCIH FUNDING 7084 05:09:26,341 --> 05:09:29,978 I HAD THIS SERIES OF CLINICAL 7085 05:09:29,978 --> 05:09:30,612 TRIALS IN THE BLOOD PRESSURE 7086 05:09:30,612 --> 05:09:31,646 REDUCTION PROGRAM AND THIS IS AN 7087 05:09:31,646 --> 05:09:41,390 EXAMPLE HOW TO USE THE FRAMEWORK 7088 05:09:41,390 --> 05:09:42,924 TO DEVELOP THE MINDFULNESS 7089 05:09:42,924 --> 05:09:44,192 INTERVENTION AND KNOW A LOT 7090 05:09:44,192 --> 05:09:49,531 ABOUT THE ETIOLOGY OF 7091 05:09:49,531 --> 05:09:52,334 HYPERTENSION AND THERE'S BIG 7092 05:09:52,334 --> 05:09:57,472 DETERMINATES SUCH AS OBESITY AND 7093 05:09:57,472 --> 05:09:58,707 ALCOHOL USE AND STRESS 7094 05:09:58,707 --> 05:10:00,275 REACTIVITY AND THERE'S GOOD 7095 05:10:00,275 --> 05:10:02,110 MEDICATIONS TO BRING BLOOD 7096 05:10:02,110 --> 05:10:06,081 PRESSURE DOWN TOO AND HALF THE 7097 05:10:06,081 --> 05:10:06,615 PEOPLE DON'T TAKE THEM AS 7098 05:10:06,615 --> 05:10:16,858 RECOMMENDED. 7099 05:10:16,858 --> 05:10:18,093 AND HOW COULD MINDFULNESS 7100 05:10:18,093 --> 05:10:28,503 INFLUENCE THE PATHWAYS? 7101 05:10:29,604 --> 05:10:34,976 WITH MEDITATION WE'RE ENHANCING 7102 05:10:34,976 --> 05:10:44,286 OUR EMOTIONS IN A NON-JUDGMENTAL 7103 05:10:44,286 --> 05:10:46,188 WAY AND CAN ADDRESS THAT TO THE 7104 05:10:46,188 --> 05:10:50,492 DRIVERS OF HYPERTENSION. 7105 05:10:50,492 --> 05:10:52,761 HOW DO WE FEEL FOR EXAMPLE WITH 7106 05:10:52,761 --> 05:10:53,562 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY? 7107 05:10:53,562 --> 05:10:55,096 THERE'S ABOUT AS MANY WAYS TO 7108 05:10:55,096 --> 05:10:57,299 MOVE AS THERE ARE PEOPLE IN THE 7109 05:10:57,299 --> 05:10:57,499 WORLD. 7110 05:10:57,499 --> 05:10:59,935 WHEN WE'RE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE HOW 7111 05:10:59,935 --> 05:11:01,536 DO WE MAXIMIZE ENJOYMENT? 7112 05:11:01,536 --> 05:11:03,572 IT MAY BE THROUGH SOMETHING 7113 05:11:03,572 --> 05:11:04,973 PRACTICAL LIKE YARD WORK OR 7114 05:11:04,973 --> 05:11:08,510 HOUSEWORK BUT FOR OTHERS MAY BE 7115 05:11:08,510 --> 05:11:10,245 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY CONNECTING 7116 05:11:10,245 --> 05:11:11,413 WITH A FRIEND AND GOING FOR A 7117 05:11:11,413 --> 05:11:16,418 WALK AND HOW DO WE ADAPT TO OUR 7118 05:11:16,418 --> 05:11:17,586 PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS AND ADAPT 7119 05:11:17,586 --> 05:11:20,055 TO THE SAFETY OF OUR LOCAL 7120 05:11:20,055 --> 05:11:20,989 NEIGHBORHOOD, FOR EXAMPLE. 7121 05:11:20,989 --> 05:11:22,858 WE CAN START TO USE MINDFULNESS 7122 05:11:22,858 --> 05:11:24,960 TO HOSPITAL MISTHE EXPERIENCE OF 7123 05:11:24,960 --> 05:11:27,662 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND AFTER IT'S 7124 05:11:27,662 --> 05:11:29,631 DONE JUST ABOUT OVER FEELS 7125 05:11:29,631 --> 05:11:31,600 BETTER THAN BEFORE OFTEN FOR 7126 05:11:31,600 --> 05:11:32,400 HOURS. 7127 05:11:32,400 --> 05:11:34,336 AND SIMILARLY WE CAN BRING THAT 7128 05:11:34,336 --> 05:11:35,437 SELF-AWARENESS AROUND TO 7129 05:11:35,437 --> 05:11:36,805 DIFFERENT KINDS OF FOODS LIKE 7130 05:11:36,805 --> 05:11:40,008 PROCESSED FOODS THAT HAVE BEEN 7131 05:11:40,008 --> 05:11:41,710 TALKED ABOUT OR SWEET FOODS OR 7132 05:11:41,710 --> 05:11:44,279 SALTY OR SAVORY FOODS ALL SHOWN 7133 05:11:44,279 --> 05:11:45,180 TO INFLUENCE BLOOD PRESSURE. 7134 05:11:45,180 --> 05:11:46,815 HOW CAN WE BRING OUR 7135 05:11:46,815 --> 05:11:48,817 SELF-AWARENESS TO HOW WE FEEL 7136 05:11:48,817 --> 05:11:50,585 BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER EATING 7137 05:11:50,585 --> 05:11:52,554 DIFFERENT KINDS OF FOODS. 7138 05:11:52,554 --> 05:11:54,189 SAY IF WE'RE EATING A HEALTHY 7139 05:11:54,189 --> 05:11:55,223 DIET THAT DOESN'T HAVE MUCH IN 7140 05:11:55,223 --> 05:11:57,726 THE WAY OF PROCESSED FOODS AND 7141 05:11:57,726 --> 05:11:58,827 HAS A LOT OF WHOLE FOODS AND 7142 05:11:58,827 --> 05:12:01,530 FRUITS AND VEGETABLES WE OFTEN 7143 05:12:01,530 --> 05:12:02,964 FEEL BETTER AFTERWARDS FOR A 7144 05:12:02,964 --> 05:12:03,164 WHILE. 7145 05:12:03,164 --> 05:12:06,334 THAT IS SOME EXAMPLES OF HOW WE 7146 05:12:06,334 --> 05:12:08,003 CAN USE SELF-AWARENESS TO HELP 7147 05:12:08,003 --> 05:12:09,938 US POTENTIALLY HAVE INSIGHTS 7148 05:12:09,938 --> 05:12:11,673 AROUND OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE 7149 05:12:11,673 --> 05:12:12,674 DRIVERS OF HYPERTENSION. 7150 05:12:12,674 --> 05:12:14,709 SO IT'S ONE THING TO HAVE AN 7151 05:12:14,709 --> 05:12:14,943 INSIGHT. 7152 05:12:14,943 --> 05:12:17,412 LIKE MOST OF US KNOW HOW WE 7153 05:12:17,412 --> 05:12:19,648 COULD BE MORE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE 7154 05:12:19,648 --> 05:12:23,919 OR EAT HEALTHIER OR MODULATE OUR 7155 05:12:23,919 --> 05:12:25,921 STRESS REACTIVITY AND THAT'S 7156 05:12:25,921 --> 05:12:28,657 WHERE THE ATTENTION COMES IN AND 7157 05:12:28,657 --> 05:12:30,358 WE'RE TRAINING PEOPLE TO PLACE 7158 05:12:30,358 --> 05:12:36,464 OUR MINDS WHERE WE'RE CHOOSING 7159 05:12:36,464 --> 05:12:40,302 ON THE BREATH AND WE GET BETTER 7160 05:12:40,302 --> 05:12:41,469 AT PLACING OUR MIND WHERE WE 7161 05:12:41,469 --> 05:12:43,238 CHOOSE TO AND THE MIND WANDERS 7162 05:12:43,238 --> 05:12:44,439 WHERE IT ALWAYS WILL. 7163 05:12:44,439 --> 05:12:45,540 WHERE'S IT GO? 7164 05:12:45,540 --> 05:12:48,743 TO THE FUTURE, THE PAST? 7165 05:12:48,743 --> 05:12:52,247 STARTING TO GIVE US MORE 7166 05:12:52,247 --> 05:12:54,115 SELF-AWARENESS WHO WE ARE AND 7167 05:12:54,115 --> 05:12:54,783 WHERE WE ARE IN THE MOMENT AND 7168 05:12:54,783 --> 05:12:56,785 COME BACK TO WHERE WE CHOOSE TO 7169 05:12:56,785 --> 05:12:57,052 PLACE IT. 7170 05:12:57,052 --> 05:12:59,621 AND AS A RESULT WE START TO GET 7171 05:12:59,621 --> 05:13:01,089 BETTER AT PLACING OUR MIND WHERE 7172 05:13:01,089 --> 05:13:04,025 WE USED TO WHERE WE HAVE INSIGHT 7173 05:13:04,025 --> 05:13:05,727 THAT ARISES AROUND BEHAVIOR 7174 05:13:05,727 --> 05:13:06,728 CHANGE IF WE'RE BETTER AT 7175 05:13:06,728 --> 05:13:09,164 PLACING OUR MIND WHERE WE TO THE 7176 05:13:09,164 --> 05:13:11,466 THEORY WOULD GO WE'LL THEN BE 7177 05:13:11,466 --> 05:13:13,535 ABLE TO ACT ON IT AND IF WE'RE 7178 05:13:13,535 --> 05:13:14,903 IN THE GROCERY STORE WE'LL ACT 7179 05:13:14,903 --> 05:13:17,572 ON OUR VALUES AROUND WHAT KIND 7180 05:13:17,572 --> 05:13:22,844 OF FOOD WE WOULD CHOOSE TO 7181 05:13:22,844 --> 05:13:24,713 SELECT FOR EXAMPLE OR TO PUT ON 7182 05:13:24,713 --> 05:13:27,148 OUR SHOES AND LACE THEM UP TO GO 7183 05:13:27,148 --> 05:13:29,451 FOR A WALK THOUGH IT MAY BE 7184 05:13:29,451 --> 05:13:32,454 CHILLY OUTSIDE, FOR EXAMPLE. 7185 05:13:32,454 --> 05:13:36,358 AND THIRD PIECE IS AROUND 7186 05:13:36,358 --> 05:13:37,559 REGULATION AND EMOTIONAL 7187 05:13:37,559 --> 05:13:39,828 TRAINING CAN GIVE AN EARLY 7188 05:13:39,828 --> 05:13:41,029 STRESS DETECTION SYSTEM AS WE 7189 05:13:41,029 --> 05:13:42,163 BECOME MORE SELF-AWARE AND 7190 05:13:42,163 --> 05:13:45,200 STRESSORS THAT MAY BE ARRIVING 7191 05:13:45,200 --> 05:13:48,203 AND NOTICING EMOTIONS THAT ARISE 7192 05:13:48,203 --> 05:13:51,239 AND LEARN PRACTICES SUCH AS 7193 05:13:51,239 --> 05:13:51,973 ATTENTION REDEPLOYMENT AND 7194 05:13:51,973 --> 05:13:53,441 LOVING, KINDNESS PRACTICES THAT 7195 05:13:53,441 --> 05:13:55,877 HELP US REGULATE OUR EMOTIONS IN 7196 05:13:55,877 --> 05:13:59,114 HEALTHY WAYS COMPARED TO LESS 7197 05:13:59,114 --> 05:14:00,181 HEALTHY WAYS SUCH AS STREAMING 7198 05:14:00,181 --> 05:14:04,619 SOME KIND OF VIDEO TO HAVE A 7199 05:14:04,619 --> 05:14:05,587 BREAK RATHER THAN GETTING A 7200 05:14:05,587 --> 05:14:08,256 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OR GRABBING A 7201 05:14:08,256 --> 05:14:10,191 PINT OF ICE CREAM OR NEEDING A 7202 05:14:10,191 --> 05:14:12,961 DRINK AFTER WORK TO RELAX. 7203 05:14:12,961 --> 05:14:19,401 SO THAT'S THE THEORY OF JUST HOW 7204 05:14:19,401 --> 05:14:21,636 IT CAN INFLUENCE BLOOD PRESSURE 7205 05:14:21,636 --> 05:14:24,572 AND THINK ABOUT IT AROUND 7206 05:14:24,572 --> 05:14:26,041 DETERMINATES OF EDC EXPOSURE. 7207 05:14:26,041 --> 05:14:32,447 >> DR. LOUCKS, THE SPANISH 7208 05:14:32,447 --> 05:14:34,015 INTERPRETER REQUESTS WE SPEAK A 7209 05:14:34,015 --> 05:14:36,317 LITTLE BIT LOWER. 7210 05:14:36,317 --> 05:14:40,355 >> LET ME KNOW IF I'M GOING TOO 7211 05:14:40,355 --> 05:14:43,024 SLOW OR STILL GOING TO FAST. 7212 05:14:43,024 --> 05:14:44,893 SORRY THE FONT SIZE GOT SMALL IN 7213 05:14:44,893 --> 05:14:45,427 TRANSLATION TOO. 7214 05:14:45,427 --> 05:14:47,262 WE USED THIS FRAMEWORK WHERE WE 7215 05:14:47,262 --> 05:14:48,930 PICKED THREE PRIMARY OUTCOMES 7216 05:14:48,930 --> 05:14:50,265 ONE IN THE SELF-REGULATION 7217 05:14:50,265 --> 05:14:52,033 CATEGORY AND SELF-AWARENESS AND 7218 05:14:52,033 --> 05:14:57,539 PICKED ONE PRIMARY OUTCOME IN 7219 05:14:57,539 --> 05:15:01,543 TERMS OF THE DASH DIET AND THE 7220 05:15:01,543 --> 05:15:06,848 THIRD BEING BLOOD PRESSURE. 7221 05:15:06,848 --> 05:15:14,923 AND SO AND TESTED THOSE AND 7222 05:15:14,923 --> 05:15:16,291 FOUND IMPROVEMENTS AND FOUND 7223 05:15:16,291 --> 05:15:18,393 IMPROVEMENTS IN DASH DIET FOR 7224 05:15:18,393 --> 05:15:20,028 THOSE GOING THROUGH THE 7225 05:15:20,028 --> 05:15:21,229 REDUCTION PROGRAM COMPARED TO 7226 05:15:21,229 --> 05:15:27,068 CONTROL AND THEN DID MEDIATION 7227 05:15:27,068 --> 05:15:31,940 ANALYSES THAT WERE EXPLORATORY 7228 05:15:31,940 --> 05:15:37,579 AND STILL FOUND ABOUT 30% OF THE 7229 05:15:37,579 --> 05:15:39,647 EFFECT OF THE INTERVENTION 7230 05:15:39,647 --> 05:15:42,150 IMPACTS ON THE DASH DIET FOR 7231 05:15:42,150 --> 05:15:44,486 OPERATING THROUGH AWARENESS AND 7232 05:15:44,486 --> 05:15:47,655 ALSO 33% OPERATED THROUGH 7233 05:15:47,655 --> 05:15:48,256 MINDFULNESS LEVELS. 7234 05:15:48,256 --> 05:15:52,227 AND THEN THE DISTAL OUTCOME OF 7235 05:15:52,227 --> 05:15:53,628 BLOOD PRESSURE WITH NICE 7236 05:15:53,628 --> 05:15:57,866 REDUCTIONS ABOUT A 6 MILLIMETER 7237 05:15:57,866 --> 05:16:02,137 DROP IN BLOOD PRESSURE 7238 05:16:02,137 --> 05:16:04,339 STATISTICALLY RELEVANT IT 7239 05:16:04,339 --> 05:16:09,577 TRANSLATES TO A DROP IN 7240 05:16:09,577 --> 05:16:11,446 CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS LIKE 7241 05:16:11,446 --> 05:16:15,049 HEART ATTACK AND STROKE AND THIS 7242 05:16:15,049 --> 05:16:20,789 IS A FIGURE THAT WE PROBABLY SAW 7243 05:16:20,789 --> 05:16:25,527 EARLIER TODAY, JOE BRAUN AND A 7244 05:16:25,527 --> 05:16:29,564 POSTDOC DEVELOPED THIS GRAPHIC 7245 05:16:29,564 --> 05:16:32,967 AND SO WE LEARNED A LOT AND SEEN 7246 05:16:32,967 --> 05:16:36,471 A LOT WHERE PFAS COMES FROM AND 7247 05:16:36,471 --> 05:16:39,007 WHAT PRODUCES IT AND END UP IN 7248 05:16:39,007 --> 05:16:42,644 APPLICATIONS AND CAN GET IN FIRE 7249 05:16:42,644 --> 05:16:44,746 FIGHTING FOAMS AND AIR AND 7250 05:16:44,746 --> 05:16:45,880 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES AND AIR, 7251 05:16:45,880 --> 05:16:49,484 DRINKING WATER, WILDLIFE AND SO 7252 05:16:49,484 --> 05:16:51,686 FROM THE MINDFULNESS PERSPECTIVE 7253 05:16:51,686 --> 05:16:54,589 HOW COULD THIS ALL OPERATE? 7254 05:16:54,589 --> 05:16:59,627 SO JUST AS LIKE AN EXAMPLE OF 7255 05:16:59,627 --> 05:17:04,566 THAT FRAMEWORK THE TOP TWO BOXES 7256 05:17:04,566 --> 05:17:07,468 MINDFULNESS TRAINING AND 7257 05:17:07,468 --> 05:17:09,003 SELF-REGULATION WAS DEVELOPED 7258 05:17:09,003 --> 05:17:11,806 AND BASICALLY TALKED ABOUT HOW 7259 05:17:11,806 --> 05:17:13,007 IT CAN HELP SELF-REGULATE 7260 05:17:13,007 --> 05:17:13,541 BETTER. 7261 05:17:13,541 --> 05:17:16,411 IF WE THINK CAN IT HELP US 7262 05:17:16,411 --> 05:17:17,512 SELF-REGULATE IN RELATIONSHIP TO 7263 05:17:17,512 --> 05:17:20,949 SAY THE SOURCES OF EDCs OR TO 7264 05:17:20,949 --> 05:17:23,818 THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF 7265 05:17:23,818 --> 05:17:26,654 EDC EXPOSURE. 7266 05:17:26,654 --> 05:17:28,523 AND SO SAY FOR EXAMPLE ONE OF 7267 05:17:28,523 --> 05:17:33,528 THE PARTICIPANTS MENTIONED UP AT 7268 05:17:33,528 --> 05:17:35,430 THE MICROPHONE IT COULD BE 7269 05:17:35,430 --> 05:17:36,965 PRETTY STRESSFUL TO THINK ABOUT 7270 05:17:36,965 --> 05:17:41,135 ALL THE DIFFERENT SOURCES OF EDC 7271 05:17:41,135 --> 05:17:42,971 EXPOSURE AND SO CAN MINDFULNESS 7272 05:17:42,971 --> 05:17:46,774 HELP WITH THE EMOTION REGULATION 7273 05:17:46,774 --> 05:17:52,247 SIDE OF THINGS SO WE CAN FOCUS 7274 05:17:52,247 --> 05:17:54,082 OUR ATTENTION MORE SPECIFICALLY 7275 05:17:54,082 --> 05:17:56,784 IN AREAS THAT ALLOW US TO ACT 7276 05:17:56,784 --> 05:17:59,487 RATHER THAN TO HAVE SAY ANXIETY 7277 05:17:59,487 --> 05:18:02,290 ABOUT IT OR WASTED ENERGY 7278 05:18:02,290 --> 05:18:03,424 THROUGH STRESS FOR EXAMPLE. 7279 05:18:03,424 --> 05:18:04,926 SAY WITH THE PERSON YOU 7280 05:18:04,926 --> 05:18:08,696 MENTIONED CAN IT ALLOW US TO 7281 05:18:08,696 --> 05:18:11,132 MORE DEEPLY LISTEN TO OURSELVES? 7282 05:18:11,132 --> 05:18:13,768 THAT SELF-AWARENESS PIECE. 7283 05:18:13,768 --> 05:18:17,538 THAT'S SELF-AWARENESS 6 OUR 7284 05:18:17,538 --> 05:18:19,307 THOUGHTS, EMOTION AND PHYSICAL 7285 05:18:19,307 --> 05:18:23,177 SENSATION THROUGH SIGHT OR SMELL 7286 05:18:23,177 --> 05:18:24,245 AND TASTE AND TOUCH. 7287 05:18:24,245 --> 05:18:29,117 IF WE'RE THERE TO SEE THE IMPACT 7288 05:18:29,117 --> 05:18:30,752 OF EDCs ON WILDLIFE FOR EXAMPLE 7289 05:18:30,752 --> 05:18:33,755 AND TO ALLOW THAT TO COME IN AND 7290 05:18:33,755 --> 05:18:35,857 TO SEE HOW THAT OPERATES ON OUR' 7291 05:18:35,857 --> 05:18:37,525 MOTIONS AND THOUGHTS AND 7292 05:18:37,525 --> 05:18:39,961 PHYSICAL SENSATIONS AND SEE WHAT 7293 05:18:39,961 --> 05:18:41,362 INSIGHTS ARISE AND MAYBE SOME 7294 05:18:41,362 --> 05:18:44,399 THAT ARISE WILL BE AROUND TAKING 7295 05:18:44,399 --> 05:18:46,167 ACTION AND MAYBE ACTIVISM AND TO 7296 05:18:46,167 --> 05:18:49,270 WORK WITH OUR COMMUNITIES AND 7297 05:18:49,270 --> 05:18:50,905 INDUSTRIES OR POLICY MAKERS OR 7298 05:18:50,905 --> 05:18:52,373 EVEN WITHIN OURSELVES OR OUR 7299 05:18:52,373 --> 05:18:55,310 FAMILIES OR COMMUNITIES TO BE 7300 05:18:55,310 --> 05:18:57,946 ABLE TO PREVENT IT AS MUCH AS 7301 05:18:57,946 --> 05:19:00,348 POSSIBLE, SHIFT POLICIES OR TO 7302 05:19:00,348 --> 05:19:03,017 USE TREATMENTS WHETHER IT'S SOME 7303 05:19:03,017 --> 05:19:04,018 THINGS WE'RE EXPLORING WHETHER 7304 05:19:04,018 --> 05:19:05,753 THROUGH DIET OR PHYSICAL 7305 05:19:05,753 --> 05:19:08,423 ACTIVITY OR FOLATE FOR EXAMPLE 7306 05:19:08,423 --> 05:19:10,625 OR REDUCING PROCESSED FOODS. 7307 05:19:10,625 --> 05:19:14,395 THOSE CAN BE SOME EXAMPLES. 7308 05:19:14,395 --> 05:19:18,866 AND THEN ANOTHER PIECE THE 7309 05:19:18,866 --> 05:19:20,234 ATTENTION CONTROL SIDE TO 7310 05:19:20,234 --> 05:19:23,037 POTENTIALLY ALLOW US TO MAYBE 7311 05:19:23,037 --> 05:19:24,772 HAVE MORE FOCUSSED ACTION 7312 05:19:24,772 --> 05:19:26,107 WHETHER ON POLICY OR TO BE ABLE 7313 05:19:26,107 --> 05:19:33,314 TO LOOK AT WHAT KIND OF CLOTHING 7314 05:19:33,314 --> 05:19:36,617 OR FURNITURE WE PICK AND DOES IT 7315 05:19:36,617 --> 05:19:40,021 HAVE FLAME RETARDANT OR CAN WE 7316 05:19:40,021 --> 05:19:44,392 SELECT THE ORGANIC FOODS AND CAN 7317 05:19:44,392 --> 05:19:46,594 WE STORE OUR FOOD IN GLASS 7318 05:19:46,594 --> 05:19:48,029 CONTAINERS RATHER THAN PLASTIC 7319 05:19:48,029 --> 05:19:50,264 AND SOMEBODY TALKED ABOUT 7320 05:19:50,264 --> 05:19:52,066 DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES SAY IF IT 7321 05:19:52,066 --> 05:19:54,969 INFLUENCES OUR ABILITY TO PAY 7322 05:19:54,969 --> 05:19:59,707 ATTENTION SUCH AS THROUGH EDHD. 7323 05:19:59,707 --> 05:20:03,745 SOMETIMES THERE CAN BE REVERSE 7324 05:20:03,745 --> 05:20:05,079 CAUSATION IMPACT OUR CONTROL 7325 05:20:05,079 --> 05:20:09,717 CAPACITY AND CAN WE LOOK AT 7326 05:20:09,717 --> 05:20:11,219 MINDFULNESS INTERVENTION AND 7327 05:20:11,219 --> 05:20:15,223 SOMETIMES LOOKING AT IT FROM A 7328 05:20:15,223 --> 05:20:17,525 PARENT'S LEVEL AND HAVE A CHILD 7329 05:20:17,525 --> 05:20:19,594 WITH ADHD AND MAYBE IT'S 7330 05:20:19,594 --> 05:20:20,895 EXPOSURE TO EDCs AND CAN WE DO 7331 05:20:20,895 --> 05:20:24,332 WHAT WE CAN TO PREVENT AND PRE 7332 05:20:24,332 --> 05:20:26,801 MOVE THEM FROM THE HOUSEHOLD AS 7333 05:20:26,801 --> 05:20:28,036 MUCH AS POSSIBLE THOUGH IT'S 7334 05:20:28,036 --> 05:20:29,437 ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO REDUCE ALL 7335 05:20:29,437 --> 05:20:32,273 OF THEM AND MINDFULNESS TRAINING 7336 05:20:32,273 --> 05:20:34,175 DOES HAVE BENEFIT. 7337 05:20:34,175 --> 05:20:35,843 I'VE SEEN META-ANALYSIS REVIEW 7338 05:20:35,843 --> 05:20:43,651 ON MINDFULNESS TRAINING FOR ADHD 7339 05:20:43,651 --> 05:20:51,859 CAN HELP WITH CONTROL AND 7340 05:20:51,859 --> 05:20:55,196 EXPOSURES FROM EDCs AND KNOWING 7341 05:20:55,196 --> 05:20:57,565 IT'S 1.0 OF THE FRAMEWORK AND I 7342 05:20:57,565 --> 05:21:00,101 THINK IT WOULD BE MOST SKILLFUL 7343 05:21:00,101 --> 05:21:01,536 IF WE DEVELOPED IT TOGETHER SO 7344 05:21:01,536 --> 05:21:05,606 THERE'S A VERSION 2.0 AND 3.0. 7345 05:21:05,606 --> 05:21:09,577 WHEN WE LOOK AT QUESTIONS FOR 7346 05:21:09,577 --> 05:21:11,112 REFLECTION WE INCLUDE IN THE 7347 05:21:11,112 --> 05:21:12,814 FRAMEWORK AROUND IF WE'RE 7348 05:21:12,814 --> 05:21:14,715 THINKING ABOUT ADAPTING A 7349 05:21:14,715 --> 05:21:15,817 MINDFULNESS PROGRAM TO A 7350 05:21:15,817 --> 05:21:19,353 PARTICULAR HEALTH OUTCOME OR 7351 05:21:19,353 --> 05:21:19,654 POPULATION. 7352 05:21:19,654 --> 05:21:21,556 ONE QUESTION IS WHY ISN'T 7353 05:21:21,556 --> 05:21:23,124 ADAPTATION NEEDED FOR THE 7354 05:21:23,124 --> 05:21:26,127 CURRENT MINDFULNESS PROGRAM NOT 7355 05:21:26,127 --> 05:21:28,529 HELP THE POPULATION BEING SERVED 7356 05:21:28,529 --> 05:21:31,466 AND AROUND THE STRESS PATHWAYS 7357 05:21:31,466 --> 05:21:33,668 LIKE STRESS REDUCTION THAT IT 7358 05:21:33,668 --> 05:21:36,404 COULD BE BOOSTED IF WE'RE ABLE 7359 05:21:36,404 --> 05:21:37,572 TO REALLY BRING IN AWARENESS 7360 05:21:37,572 --> 05:21:39,674 AROUND ALL THE DIFFERENT SOURCES 7361 05:21:39,674 --> 05:21:42,410 AND TREATMENTS FOR EDC EXPOSURES 7362 05:21:42,410 --> 05:21:44,445 TO HARNESS MINDFULNESS TO 7363 05:21:44,445 --> 05:21:46,047 DIRECTLY LOOK AT OUR 7364 05:21:46,047 --> 05:21:48,282 RELATIONSHIP OF THE DIFFERENT 7365 05:21:48,282 --> 05:21:48,783 FACTORS. 7366 05:21:48,783 --> 05:21:50,485 WE'D WANT TO DEVELOP SOME 7367 05:21:50,485 --> 05:21:51,285 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK TOGETHER 7368 05:21:51,285 --> 05:21:52,887 WITH ALL THE END USERS 7369 05:21:52,887 --> 05:21:54,422 INCREASINGLY WE'RE USING AN 7370 05:21:54,422 --> 05:21:57,859 APPROACH CALLED INTEGRATIVE 7371 05:21:57,859 --> 05:22:01,529 KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION. 7372 05:22:01,529 --> 05:22:02,730 AND FOR EXAMPLE WE INVOLVE 7373 05:22:02,730 --> 05:22:04,265 POLICY MAKERS AND HEALTH 7374 05:22:04,265 --> 05:22:06,567 INSURERS IN OUR DECISIONS. 7375 05:22:06,567 --> 05:22:10,037 WE INCLUDE CLINICIANS AND 7376 05:22:10,037 --> 05:22:10,605 PATIENTS, MINDFULNESS 7377 05:22:10,605 --> 05:22:13,541 INSTRUCTINSTRUCTS 7378 05:22:13,541 --> 05:22:18,446 ERS -- INSTRUCTORS AND FROM THE 7379 05:22:18,446 --> 05:22:19,647 IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE SIDE IT'S 7380 05:22:19,647 --> 05:22:20,915 MORE LIKELY TO BE EFFECTIVE AND 7381 05:22:20,915 --> 05:22:23,084 SCALED UP IF WE HAVE THE END 7382 05:22:23,084 --> 05:22:24,118 USERS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF 7383 05:22:24,118 --> 05:22:26,587 DEVELOPING IT. 7384 05:22:26,587 --> 05:22:29,457 TO THINK WHAT KIND OF 7385 05:22:29,457 --> 05:22:31,425 ADAPTATIONS ARE NEEDED AND LOOK 7386 05:22:31,425 --> 05:22:37,965 AT THE BENEFITS OUTAWAY -- OUT 7387 05:22:37,965 --> 05:22:40,034 WEIGHING THE COSTS AND IF IT 7388 05:22:40,034 --> 05:22:42,503 LOOKS WORTHY TO MOVE FORWARD WE 7389 05:22:42,503 --> 05:22:45,006 ENCOURAGE THE EIGHT STEPS. 7390 05:22:45,006 --> 05:22:47,375 ONE IS DETERMINE IF THE WORK IS 7391 05:22:47,375 --> 05:22:48,476 NEEDED AND BE SPECIFIC AROUND 7392 05:22:48,476 --> 05:22:50,978 THE AIM AND INTENTION OF THE 7393 05:22:50,978 --> 05:22:52,613 ADAPTATION AND THEORETICAL BASIS 7394 05:22:52,613 --> 05:22:54,982 OF WHY A MINDFULNESS PROGRAM MAY 7395 05:22:54,982 --> 05:22:55,616 BE HELPFUL. 7396 05:22:55,616 --> 05:22:57,518 THEN WE START TO GENERATE AND 7397 05:22:57,518 --> 05:23:01,189 DEVELOP IDEAS FOR THE NECESSARY 7398 05:23:01,189 --> 05:23:03,090 ADAPTATIONS WITH KEY INFORMANTS. 7399 05:23:03,090 --> 05:23:05,626 THE FOLKS MOST IMPACTED BY THE 7400 05:23:05,626 --> 05:23:08,563 USE, POLICY MAKERS, MAYBE 7401 05:23:08,563 --> 05:23:11,132 MEMBERS OF INDUSTRY FOR EXAMPLE. 7402 05:23:11,132 --> 05:23:12,500 AND TO START TO EVALUATE THE 7403 05:23:12,500 --> 05:23:13,601 FEASIBILITY WITH A WISE GROUP OF 7404 05:23:13,601 --> 05:23:17,538 PEOPLE THAT HAVE ALL THE AREAS 7405 05:23:17,538 --> 05:23:20,141 OF KNOWLEDGE TO INTERSECT AND 7406 05:23:20,141 --> 05:23:21,976 ITERATIVELY GO THROUGH THE 7407 05:23:21,976 --> 05:23:24,679 FEASIBILITY TESTING MAYBE 7408 05:23:24,679 --> 05:23:27,848 THROUGH FOCUS GROUPS OR EARLY 7409 05:23:27,848 --> 05:23:29,050 SINGLE-ARM STUDIES WITH MIXED 7410 05:23:29,050 --> 05:23:32,086 METHODS, FOR EXAMPLE, AND START 7411 05:23:32,086 --> 05:23:36,057 TO DEVELOP A THEORETICAL 7412 05:23:36,057 --> 05:23:36,657 POTENTIALLY SAFE ADAPTATION 7413 05:23:36,657 --> 05:23:39,460 READY FOR PILOT AND THEN DO 7414 05:23:39,460 --> 05:23:39,760 PILOT S. 7415 05:23:39,760 --> 05:23:41,796 AND IF THOSE START TO LOOK GOOD 7416 05:23:41,796 --> 05:23:43,564 INCLUDING QUALITATIVE AND 7417 05:23:43,564 --> 05:23:44,899 QUANTITATIVE EVIDENCE THEN WE 7418 05:23:44,899 --> 05:23:48,069 CAN START TO SHIFT TO AN 7419 05:23:48,069 --> 05:23:53,441 ADEQUATELY POWERED RANDOMIZED 7420 05:23:53,441 --> 05:23:56,244 CONTROL TRIAL AND SO THOSE ARE 7421 05:23:56,244 --> 05:23:59,814 SOME EXAMPLES OF STEPS WE'VE 7422 05:23:59,814 --> 05:24:00,081 TAKEN. 7423 05:24:00,081 --> 05:24:02,783 WE'VE BEEN DOING QUITE A BIT OF 7424 05:24:02,783 --> 05:24:05,519 WORK WITH NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL 7425 05:24:05,519 --> 05:24:06,187 NATIONS. 7426 05:24:06,187 --> 05:24:08,789 A LOT OF THIS IS LED BY A 7427 05:24:08,789 --> 05:24:10,958 PROFESSOR AT BROWN UNIVERSITY 7428 05:24:10,958 --> 05:24:12,526 AND NATIVE AMERICAN HIMSELF, 7429 05:24:12,526 --> 05:24:14,328 HE'S MOHAWK AND HAVE BEEN 7430 05:24:14,328 --> 05:24:17,531 WORKING WITH THE NARRAGANSETT 7431 05:24:17,531 --> 05:24:20,601 TRIBAL NATION AND WORKING WITH 7432 05:24:20,601 --> 05:24:22,637 FOLKS IN CLIMATE FALLS IN 7433 05:24:22,637 --> 05:24:24,338 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AND SOUTHERN 7434 05:24:24,338 --> 05:24:27,775 OREGON TO CO-CREATE MINDFULNESS 7435 05:24:27,775 --> 05:24:28,943 PROGRAMS PARTICULARLY IN THIS 7436 05:24:28,943 --> 05:24:30,645 CASE FOR MANAGING DIABETES AND 7437 05:24:30,645 --> 05:24:31,145 REDUCING BLOOD PRESSURE. 7438 05:24:31,145 --> 05:24:35,816 SO ONE OF THE THINGS WE'VE BEEN 7439 05:24:35,816 --> 05:24:38,853 FINDING FOR EXAMPLE THAT HAVE 7440 05:24:38,853 --> 05:24:39,954 COME THROUGH WITH WORKING WITH 7441 05:24:39,954 --> 05:24:41,722 ELDERS AND MEDICINE PEOPLE AND 7442 05:24:41,722 --> 05:24:44,358 OTHER MEMBERS OF THE INDIGENOUS 7443 05:24:44,358 --> 05:24:46,093 COMMUNITIES IS TO BRING IN 7444 05:24:46,093 --> 05:24:47,695 INDIGENOUS MINDFUL MOVEMENTS. 7445 05:24:47,695 --> 05:24:49,730 MORE SO THAN SOME OF THE 7446 05:24:49,730 --> 05:24:51,198 MOVEMENTS THEY MAY HAVE DONE 7447 05:24:51,198 --> 05:24:52,900 BEFORE LIKE YOGA FOR EXAMPLE. 7448 05:24:52,900 --> 05:24:56,904 TO BRING IN PRE-COLONIAL FOODS 7449 05:24:56,904 --> 05:25:00,308 BECAUSE A LOT OF BERRIES AND 7450 05:25:00,308 --> 05:25:04,912 LEAN MEATS AND PLANTS THAT WERE 7451 05:25:04,912 --> 05:25:06,180 AROUND AND UTILIZED BEFORE 7452 05:25:06,180 --> 05:25:08,349 COLONIAL TIMES ARE REALLY GOOD 7453 05:25:08,349 --> 05:25:11,819 FOR CARDIO METABOLIC HEALTH. 7454 05:25:11,819 --> 05:25:15,523 TO BRING IN TRIBAL LANGUAGE TO 7455 05:25:15,523 --> 05:25:15,823 MEDICATIONS. 7456 05:25:15,823 --> 05:25:17,792 MANY ARE CONTINUING TO TRANSMIT 7457 05:25:17,792 --> 05:25:19,160 THEIR LANGUAGE FROM GENERATION 7458 05:25:19,160 --> 05:25:20,661 TO GENERATION. 7459 05:25:20,661 --> 05:25:23,397 WHEN WE DO A BODY SCAN WE'RE 7460 05:25:23,397 --> 05:25:25,199 UTILIZING THE NATIVE LANGUAGE 7461 05:25:25,199 --> 05:25:27,535 AND SO IT COMES UP DIFFERENTLY. 7462 05:25:27,535 --> 05:25:31,572 SO SAY IT'S A MEDITATION ON THE 7463 05:25:31,572 --> 05:25:32,740 BREATH A LOT OF NATIVE AMERICAN 7464 05:25:32,740 --> 05:25:35,009 WORDS FOR BREATH IS WIND. 7465 05:25:35,009 --> 05:25:37,611 THAT'S A MUCH DIFFERENT FEELING, 7466 05:25:37,611 --> 05:25:44,919 CONNECTION TO THE ENVIRONMENT. 7467 05:25:44,919 --> 05:25:46,253 CAN WE BRING IN INDIGENOUS 7468 05:25:46,253 --> 05:25:47,655 TEACHING STORIES? 7469 05:25:47,655 --> 05:25:49,156 THERE'S A LOT OF MINDFULNESS 7470 05:25:49,156 --> 05:25:50,491 PRESENT IN INDIGENOUS CULTURES 7471 05:25:50,491 --> 05:25:52,493 AND CAN WE ALLOW THOSE STORIES 7472 05:25:52,493 --> 05:25:55,496 TO COME IN AND WE'RE SEEING A 7473 05:25:55,496 --> 05:25:56,364 LOT OF WORK IN AFRICAN 7474 05:25:56,364 --> 05:25:56,697 AMERICAN -- 7475 05:25:56,697 --> 05:25:58,232 >> WE NEED TO TRANSITION TO THE 7476 05:25:58,232 --> 05:25:59,200 Q&A SOON. 7477 05:25:59,200 --> 05:26:03,137 >> YEAH, THANKS, GOOD. 7478 05:26:03,137 --> 05:26:05,473 >> THERE'S A LOT OF SHIFTS THAT 7479 05:26:05,473 --> 05:26:06,640 WE'RE SEEING LIKE IN AFRICAN 7480 05:26:06,640 --> 05:26:17,184 AMERICAN COMMUNITIES TO USE AFRO 7481 05:26:17,618 --> 05:26:19,620 CENTRIC WAYS IN YOGA AND UTILIZE 7482 05:26:19,620 --> 05:26:22,390 ELEMENTS OF CULTURE AND STORIES 7483 05:26:22,390 --> 05:26:25,526 AND HISTORY TO MAKE A 7484 05:26:25,526 --> 05:26:26,527 DIFFERENCE. 7485 05:26:26,527 --> 05:26:29,029 SO I THINK AS A WHOLE LOOKING AT 7486 05:26:29,029 --> 05:26:32,466 ADAPTING MINDFULNESS PROGRAMS 7487 05:26:32,466 --> 05:26:37,304 HAPPENS NOT ONLY BY RESEARCHERS 7488 05:26:37,304 --> 05:26:40,040 AND DEVELOPERS TRYING TO IMPACT 7489 05:26:40,040 --> 05:26:43,310 THE COMMUNITIES THEY SERVE AND 7490 05:26:43,310 --> 05:26:46,847 HOPING THIS CAN EXPLORE IF, WHEN 7491 05:26:46,847 --> 05:26:48,716 AND HOW TO ADAPT MINDFULNESS 7492 05:26:48,716 --> 05:26:50,117 INTERVENTIONS TO MAXIMIZE 7493 05:26:50,117 --> 05:26:52,586 BENEFIT INCLUDING FOR THE 7494 05:26:52,586 --> 05:26:55,956 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF 7495 05:26:55,956 --> 05:26:56,657 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICAL 7496 05:26:56,657 --> 05:26:57,525 EXPOSURES. 7497 05:26:57,525 --> 05:26:59,960 THANK YOU. 7498 05:26:59,960 --> 05:27:01,195 THANK YOU TO OUR FUNDERS AND 7499 05:27:01,195 --> 05:27:02,129 NCCIH WHO FUNDED QUITE A BIT OF 7500 05:27:02,129 --> 05:27:03,864 THIS WORK. 7501 05:27:03,864 --> 05:27:04,799 >> ALL RIGHT. 7502 05:27:04,799 --> 05:27:05,065 THANK YOU. 7503 05:27:05,065 --> 05:27:06,901 DO WE HAVE ANY QUESTIONS FOR 7504 05:27:06,901 --> 05:27:08,335 DR. LOUCKS? 7505 05:27:08,335 --> 05:27:11,472 I SEE ONE IN CHAT BUT WOULD LIKE 7506 05:27:11,472 --> 05:27:12,440 TO ASK. 7507 05:27:12,440 --> 05:27:17,511 WE ONLY HAVE TIME FOR ONE IT 7508 05:27:17,511 --> 05:27:18,379 LOOKS LIKE? 7509 05:27:18,379 --> 05:27:21,449 >> THE QUESTION IN CHAT FROM 7510 05:27:21,449 --> 05:27:24,952 DR. MARK WILLIAMS FROM THE DOD. 7511 05:27:24,952 --> 05:27:27,054 HE WANTS TO KNOW A LITTLE BIT 7512 05:27:27,054 --> 05:27:29,356 MORE ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT 7513 05:27:29,356 --> 05:27:30,724 MINDFULNESS CAN ASSIST IN 7514 05:27:30,724 --> 05:27:35,563 MITIGATE BEING OR DAMPENING THE 7515 05:27:35,563 --> 05:27:36,931 AFFECTS OF ALLOSTATIC LOAD IN 7516 05:27:36,931 --> 05:27:42,470 POPULATIONS AND LOOKING AT 7517 05:27:42,470 --> 05:27:43,637 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE SEEN IN 7518 05:27:43,637 --> 05:27:44,205 AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN. 7519 05:27:44,205 --> 05:27:45,673 IF YOU HAVE INSIGHTS INTO THAT 7520 05:27:45,673 --> 05:27:47,708 AND WE'LL HAVE TO GET TO THE 7521 05:27:47,708 --> 05:27:49,610 REST OF THE QUESTIONS IN CHAT. 7522 05:27:49,610 --> 05:27:53,180 >> CAN I PIGGY BACK ON THAT 7523 05:27:53,180 --> 05:27:55,483 BECAUSE I THINK THE QUESTION IS 7524 05:27:55,483 --> 05:27:56,750 ALIGNED WITH DR. MARK WILLIAMS 7525 05:27:56,750 --> 05:27:57,017 QUESTION. 7526 05:27:57,017 --> 05:27:59,520 DR. LOUCKS, I THINK A WEEK OR 7527 05:27:59,520 --> 05:28:06,927 TWO AGO I FORWARDED A COUPLE 7528 05:28:06,927 --> 05:28:10,064 ARTICLES ABOUT STRESS SEEMINGLY 7529 05:28:10,064 --> 05:28:14,368 TO IMPACT THE EFFECTS OF PFAS 7530 05:28:14,368 --> 05:28:17,171 AND EDCs AND LEADING TO 7531 05:28:17,171 --> 05:28:19,006 ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND WEATHERING 7532 05:28:19,006 --> 05:28:21,509 AND WHETHER MINDFULNESS COULD BE 7533 05:28:21,509 --> 05:28:27,147 HELPFUL FOR MITIGATING STRESS OR 7534 05:28:27,147 --> 05:28:29,850 MANY HELPING TO REDUCE STRESS 7535 05:28:29,850 --> 05:28:33,087 AND WHETHER THAT COULD PLAY A 7536 05:28:33,087 --> 05:28:35,422 ROLE IN DAMPENING THE EFFECTS OF 7537 05:28:35,422 --> 05:28:37,525 EDCs. 7538 05:28:37,525 --> 05:28:39,793 >> GREAT QUESTIONS. 7539 05:28:39,793 --> 05:28:43,197 >> COLLEAGUES HAVE DONE 7540 05:28:43,197 --> 05:28:48,335 INTERESTING WORK SEEING WHETHER 7541 05:28:48,335 --> 05:28:58,879 PFAS EXPOSURE EXPOSURE IMPACTS 7542 05:29:00,681 --> 05:29:01,682 BIRTH WEIGHT AND SHOWING 7543 05:29:01,682 --> 05:29:04,718 POTENTIAL SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS 7544 05:29:04,718 --> 05:29:09,590 AND WITH ALLOSTATIC LOADS 7545 05:29:09,590 --> 05:29:14,929 THERE'S HORMONES AND THERE'S A 7546 05:29:14,929 --> 05:29:16,697 WHOLE HEALTH MEASURE OF WELL 7547 05:29:16,697 --> 05:29:19,633 BEING AT THE BIOLOGICAL LEVEL. 7548 05:29:19,633 --> 05:29:22,036 SO WITH MINDFULNESS 7549 05:29:22,036 --> 05:29:25,639 INTERVENTIONS I THINK BIO 7550 05:29:25,639 --> 05:29:27,041 LOGICALLY WE ARE SEEING THEM 7551 05:29:27,041 --> 05:29:28,576 INFLUENCE NOT ONLY MENTAL HEALTH 7552 05:29:28,576 --> 05:29:29,977 OUTCOMES BUT ALSO A GOOD NUMBER 7553 05:29:29,977 --> 05:29:32,212 OF PHYSICAL HEALTH OUTCOMES. 7554 05:29:32,212 --> 05:29:35,082 I WORK IN THE CARDIO METABOLIC 7555 05:29:35,082 --> 05:29:36,951 DOMAIN AND LOOKING AT BLOOD 7556 05:29:36,951 --> 05:29:38,919 PRESSURE AND WE SEE CHANGE IN 7557 05:29:38,919 --> 05:29:41,522 BODY MASS INDEX THAT COULD BE 7558 05:29:41,522 --> 05:29:47,461 MEASUREMENTS OF ALLOSTATIC LOAD. 7559 05:29:47,461 --> 05:29:51,899 I THINK MINDFULNESS IN MANY WAYS 7560 05:29:51,899 --> 05:29:54,435 CAN INFLUENCE HEALTH OUTCOMES IF 7561 05:29:54,435 --> 05:29:56,704 WE CAN DEMONSTRATE THE PAST BY 7562 05:29:56,704 --> 05:29:58,505 WHICH THEY ENGAGE AND TO TRAIN 7563 05:29:58,505 --> 05:30:00,441 PEOPLE IN THOSE PATHWAYS. 7564 05:30:00,441 --> 05:30:04,578 AND SO SAY IF WE WERE LOOKING AT 7565 05:30:04,578 --> 05:30:06,013 ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND HOW TO 7566 05:30:06,013 --> 05:30:07,681 FOSTER WHOLE PERSON HEALTH SAY 7567 05:30:07,681 --> 05:30:10,584 THROUGH DIET OR PHYSICAL 7568 05:30:10,584 --> 05:30:15,856 ACTIVITY OR LOOKING AT EXPOSURE 7569 05:30:15,856 --> 05:30:17,691 TO SAY SUBSTANCE USE OR ALCOHOL 7570 05:30:17,691 --> 05:30:21,228 OR ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS, STRESS 7571 05:30:21,228 --> 05:30:25,532 ALL THOSE CAN FEED INTO 7572 05:30:25,532 --> 05:30:26,567 ALLOSTATIC LOAD AND WITH OUR 7573 05:30:26,567 --> 05:30:30,671 RESEARCH AND WHAT WE'RE SEEING 7574 05:30:30,671 --> 05:30:33,073 WITH OTHERS IS IF WE CAN 7575 05:30:33,073 --> 05:30:35,109 DEMONSTRATE THE PATHWAYS AND TO 7576 05:30:35,109 --> 05:30:37,211 ENGAGE WITH PARTICIPANTS HOW 7577 05:30:37,211 --> 05:30:39,179 MINDFULNESS CAN HELP WITH THE 7578 05:30:39,179 --> 05:30:40,247 SELF-AWARENESS OF ALL THE 7579 05:30:40,247 --> 05:30:41,215 DIFFERENT HEALTH BEHAVIORS CAN 7580 05:30:41,215 --> 05:30:43,217 MAKE US FEEL LIKE BEFORE, DURING 7581 05:30:43,217 --> 05:30:44,852 AND AFTER AND TO UTILIZE 7582 05:30:44,852 --> 05:30:47,888 WHATEVER INSIGHTS ARISE TO ACT 7583 05:30:47,888 --> 05:30:50,157 ON THEM EVEN THOUGH IT CAN BE 7584 05:30:50,157 --> 05:30:52,059 CHALLENGING AND USE THE EMOTION 7585 05:30:52,059 --> 05:30:54,061 REGULATION STRATEGIES TO BE ABLE 7586 05:30:54,061 --> 05:30:58,065 TO HELP US STAY FWROGROUNDED AN 7587 05:30:58,065 --> 05:31:00,067 WORK THROUGH CHALLENGES, IT HAS 7588 05:31:00,067 --> 05:31:02,670 THAT POTENTIAL TO IMPACT 7589 05:31:02,670 --> 05:31:04,805 ALLOSTATIC LOAD OR THINK HOW 7590 05:31:04,805 --> 05:31:10,811 STRESS CAN INTERACT WITH 7591 05:31:10,811 --> 05:31:13,847 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING EXPOSURE 7592 05:31:13,847 --> 05:31:15,749 AND THERE MAY BE SYNERGISTIC 7593 05:31:15,749 --> 05:31:17,451 EFFECTS FROM STRESS AND 7594 05:31:17,451 --> 05:31:20,654 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS 7595 05:31:20,654 --> 05:31:24,925 AND THEY MAY BE ABLE TO HELP 7596 05:31:24,925 --> 05:31:27,227 DISENTANGLE THOSE EFFECTS. 7597 05:31:27,227 --> 05:31:27,895 >> EXCELLENT. 7598 05:31:27,895 --> 05:31:29,530 THANK YOU SO MUCH, DR. LOUCKS. 7599 05:31:29,530 --> 05:31:31,298 I WISH WE HAD MORE TIME TO 7600 05:31:31,298 --> 05:31:32,066 DISCUSS THIS. 7601 05:31:32,066 --> 05:31:37,204 THERE'S A TON OF GAP AREAS BUT 7602 05:31:37,204 --> 05:31:39,139 WE NEED TO KEEP TO OUR AGENDA. 7603 05:31:39,139 --> 05:31:39,640 AGAIN THANK YOU FOR THE 7604 05:31:39,640 --> 05:31:40,774 WONDERFUL PRESENTATION. 7605 05:31:40,774 --> 05:31:41,008 >> SURE. 7606 05:31:41,008 --> 05:31:46,847 THANK YOU. 7607 05:31:46,847 --> 05:31:48,215 >> WE'RE NOW GOING TO HAVE A 7608 05:31:48,215 --> 05:31:52,052 BREAK FOR ABOUT 20 MINUTES. 7609 05:31:52,052 --> 05:31:54,822 COME BACK AT 4:10 P.M. FOR OUR 7610 05:31:54,822 --> 05:31:55,422 LAST TWO PRESENTATIONS OF THE 7611 05:31:55,422 --> 05:31:57,056 DAY. 7612 05:31:57,056 --> 05:32:01,194 WE HAVE THE LAST TWO SESSIONS OF 7613 05:32:01,194 --> 05:32:02,495 THE TODAY AND THEY'RE BOTH 7614 05:32:02,495 --> 05:32:04,197 POWERFUL PRESENTATIONS. 7615 05:32:04,197 --> 05:32:10,603 I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR FIRST 7616 05:32:10,603 --> 05:32:14,140 PRESENTATION OR PERSPECTIVE BY 7617 05:32:14,140 --> 05:32:20,647 MS. HORMIS BEDOLLA AND HER 7618 05:32:20,647 --> 05:32:25,818 COLLEAGUE SHARING A PERSPECTIVE 7619 05:32:25,818 --> 05:32:31,024 AS SOMEONE WHO WORKS IN THE FARM 7620 05:32:31,024 --> 05:32:33,493 INDUSTRY AND EXPOSED TO EDCs 7621 05:32:33,493 --> 05:32:43,770 OCCUPATIONALLY. 7622 05:32:51,978 --> 05:32:53,313 >> SHE'LL BE PRESENTING IN 7623 05:32:53,313 --> 05:32:55,515 SPANISH AND I'LL BE INTERPRETING 7624 05:32:55,515 --> 05:32:59,252 AND I'M NOT A PROFESSIONAL 7625 05:32:59,252 --> 05:33:03,056 INTERPRETER BUT JUST SO SHE CAN 7626 05:33:03,056 --> 05:33:12,365 COMFORTABLY PRESENT IN SPANISH. 7627 05:33:12,365 --> 05:33:22,709 >> CAN YOU HEAR HER? 7628 05:33:32,085 --> 05:33:35,822 >> I'M HORMIS BEDOLLA AND LIVE 7629 05:33:35,822 --> 05:33:37,957 IN NEW YORK BUT ORIGINALLY FROM 7630 05:33:37,957 --> 05:33:42,695 MEXICO. 7631 05:33:42,695 --> 05:33:45,131 AND I WAS A FARM WORKER FOR 20 7632 05:33:45,131 --> 05:33:55,642 YEARS WORKING IN APPLE FARMS. 7633 05:34:03,516 --> 05:34:06,853 >> MY EXPERIENCE AS A FARM 7634 05:34:06,853 --> 05:34:07,820 WORKER I WAS NEVER PROVIDED 7635 05:34:07,820 --> 05:34:09,989 TRAINING ON HOW TO APPLY OR 7636 05:34:09,989 --> 05:34:11,624 SAFETY TRAINING ON PESTICIDES. 7637 05:34:11,624 --> 05:34:13,793 I TOOK INITIATIVE TO DO A 7638 05:34:13,793 --> 05:34:15,261 TRAINING MYSELF AND I TAUGHT IT 7639 05:34:15,261 --> 05:34:17,363 TO MYSELF AND WAS ABLE TO THEN 7640 05:34:17,363 --> 05:34:23,269 TEACH IT TO MY CO-WORKERS IN THE 7641 05:34:23,269 --> 05:34:33,413 FIELDS. 7642 05:34:35,314 --> 05:34:45,558 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7643 05:34:47,460 --> 05:34:49,462 >> LIKE MANY PRESENTERS HAVE 7644 05:34:49,462 --> 05:34:52,298 SHARED THERE'S DIFFERENT TYPE OF 7645 05:34:52,298 --> 05:34:52,932 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS 7646 05:34:52,932 --> 05:34:54,767 AND AS A FARM WORKER I'M EXPOSED 7647 05:34:54,767 --> 05:34:58,571 TO DIFFERENT PESTICIDES 7648 05:34:58,571 --> 05:35:00,773 INCLUDING INSECTICIDES AND 7649 05:35:00,773 --> 05:35:02,742 HERBICIDES AND OTHER TYPES OF 7650 05:35:02,742 --> 05:35:03,276 PESTICIDES APPLIED IN THE 7651 05:35:03,276 --> 05:35:11,250 FIELDS. 7652 05:35:11,250 --> 05:35:21,561 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7653 05:35:30,770 --> 05:35:33,005 >> AND AGAIN LIKE OTHERS HAVE 7654 05:35:33,005 --> 05:35:37,210 MENTIONED, THERE IS EXPOSURE 7655 05:35:37,210 --> 05:35:41,147 AROUND US AS A FARM WORKER WOMAN 7656 05:35:41,147 --> 05:35:42,315 I'VE BEEN EXPOSED IN 7657 05:35:42,315 --> 05:35:44,117 CONCENTRATED AMOUNTS 7658 05:35:44,117 --> 05:35:47,253 SPECIFICALLY IN THE FIELDS AND 7659 05:35:47,253 --> 05:35:50,723 ALSO LABOR CAMPS. 7660 05:35:50,723 --> 05:35:55,027 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7661 05:35:55,027 --> 05:35:58,231 >> AND AS I'M SURE MOST OF US 7662 05:35:58,231 --> 05:35:59,265 KNOW PESTICIDES ARE A TYPE OF 7663 05:35:59,265 --> 05:36:09,609 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR. 7664 05:36:11,344 --> 05:36:18,317 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7665 05:36:18,317 --> 05:36:23,189 >> AS A FARM WORKER FOR BOTH MEN 7666 05:36:23,189 --> 05:36:23,990 AND WOMEN WE EXPERIENCE 7667 05:36:23,990 --> 05:36:26,392 DIFFERENT HEALTH EFFECTS FROM 7668 05:36:26,392 --> 05:36:27,026 THE EXPOSURE. 7669 05:36:27,026 --> 05:36:27,727 THERE'S A LOT OF CHRONIC 7670 05:36:27,727 --> 05:36:29,562 PESTICIDE EXPOSURE AND WITH THAT 7671 05:36:29,562 --> 05:36:30,096 COMES DIFFERENT TYPES OF 7672 05:36:30,096 --> 05:36:35,268 IMPACTS. 7673 05:36:35,268 --> 05:36:45,578 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7674 05:36:46,879 --> 05:36:49,816 >> I ALSO LEARNED THAT IN 7675 05:36:49,816 --> 05:36:51,517 ADDITION TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF 7676 05:36:51,517 --> 05:36:53,186 EXPOSURE FROM DIFFERENT TYPES OF 7677 05:36:53,186 --> 05:36:56,189 PESTICIDES WE WERE EXPOSED 7678 05:36:56,189 --> 05:37:06,732 THROUGH OUR REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. 7679 05:37:09,969 --> 05:37:11,470 >> AND OUR EXPOSURE IS 7680 05:37:11,470 --> 05:37:13,806 UNFORTUNATELY OFTEN TIMES 7681 05:37:13,806 --> 05:37:16,242 DIRECTLY MEANING SOMETIMES WE 7682 05:37:16,242 --> 05:37:16,909 HAVE PHYSICALLY BEEN SPRAYED BY 7683 05:37:16,909 --> 05:37:23,249 PESTICIDES. 7684 05:37:23,249 --> 05:37:28,588 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7685 05:37:28,588 --> 05:37:31,257 >> AND THIS A HIGH PERFORM OF 7686 05:37:31,257 --> 05:37:33,993 EXPOSURE AND THE TOXICITY IS 7687 05:37:33,993 --> 05:37:36,062 HIGH AND HIGH AMOUNTS AND 7688 05:37:36,062 --> 05:37:38,397 AGGREGATE SO DIFFERENT TYPES OF 7689 05:37:38,397 --> 05:37:39,031 PESTICIDES ARE AFFECTING US OVER 7690 05:37:39,031 --> 05:37:41,334 TIME. 7691 05:37:41,334 --> 05:37:51,644 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7692 05:38:02,255 --> 05:38:05,391 >> AND EVEN WHEN WE'RE NOT BEING 7693 05:38:05,391 --> 05:38:06,826 PHYSICALLY SPRAYED BY DIFFERENT 7694 05:38:06,826 --> 05:38:07,827 PESTICIDES IN THE WORKPLACE WE 7695 05:38:07,827 --> 05:38:09,695 STILL HAVE CONTACT AND EXPOSURE 7696 05:38:09,695 --> 05:38:12,498 TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENDOCRINE 7697 05:38:12,498 --> 05:38:13,566 DISRUPTORS BECAUSE OF THE DRIFT. 7698 05:38:13,566 --> 05:38:15,368 WE ARE WORK IN THESE FIELDS FOR 7699 05:38:15,368 --> 05:38:17,270 VERY LONG HOURS WHICH MEANS 7700 05:38:17,270 --> 05:38:19,272 WE'RE EXPOSED FOR UP TO 14, 16, 7701 05:38:19,272 --> 05:38:25,878 18 HOURS IN ONE DAY. 7702 05:38:25,878 --> 05:38:36,188 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7703 05:38:42,061 --> 05:38:44,030 >> I'M GOING TO GO OVER THE 7704 05:38:44,030 --> 05:38:46,532 SYMPTOMS WE FEEL THROUGH OUR 7705 05:38:46,532 --> 05:38:47,099 EXPOSURE. 7706 05:38:47,099 --> 05:38:48,868 THEY'RE OFTEN CONFUSED WITH 7707 05:38:48,868 --> 05:38:49,835 OTHER HEALTH IMPACTS WE 7708 05:38:49,835 --> 05:38:51,604 EXPERIENCE AS FARM WORKERS. 7709 05:38:51,604 --> 05:38:54,607 SOMETIMES WE'RE TOLD IT'S HEAT 7710 05:38:54,607 --> 05:38:56,976 STRESS OR HEAT EXPOSURE VERSUS 7711 05:38:56,976 --> 05:38:59,245 THE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE. 7712 05:38:59,245 --> 05:39:09,555 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7713 05:39:18,297 --> 05:39:21,367 >> SOME OF THE OTHER SYMPTOMS 7714 05:39:21,367 --> 05:39:23,202 THAT WE HAVE I'M ADDING THIS 7715 05:39:23,202 --> 05:39:26,706 FROM HER SLIDE IS HEADACHES, 7716 05:39:26,706 --> 05:39:30,309 FEELING DIZZY OR LIGHT HEADED, 7717 05:39:30,309 --> 05:39:34,180 FEELING WEAK, NAUSEA, BEING 7718 05:39:34,180 --> 05:39:38,284 SENSITIVE TO SMELLS, SKIN 7719 05:39:38,284 --> 05:39:40,519 RASHES, VISION PROBLEMS AND AS 7720 05:39:40,519 --> 05:39:41,654 PREGNANT WOMEN OR WOMEN IN 7721 05:39:41,654 --> 05:39:43,556 GENERAL WE HAVE ADDITIONAL RISKS 7722 05:39:43,556 --> 05:39:46,792 BECAUSE IT AFFECTS NOT ONLY -- 7723 05:39:46,792 --> 05:39:48,627 OUR HEALTH IS MORE VULNERABLE 7724 05:39:48,627 --> 05:39:49,996 BUT AFFECTS OUR CHILDREN WE'RE 7725 05:39:49,996 --> 05:39:54,600 PREGNANT WITH. 7726 05:39:54,600 --> 05:40:04,910 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7727 05:40:34,473 --> 05:40:36,709 >> SO WHEN YOU THINK OF HOW 7728 05:40:36,709 --> 05:40:38,477 WOMEN ARE BEING AFFECTED MORE 7729 05:40:38,477 --> 05:40:43,182 BECAUSE THEY ARE AT RISK OF 7730 05:40:43,182 --> 05:40:43,916 EXPOSING THEIR CHILDREN WHILE 7731 05:40:43,916 --> 05:40:46,018 PREGNANT WE HAVE TO LOOK AT HOW 7732 05:40:46,018 --> 05:40:48,587 CAN WE BE BETTER PROTECT AND 7733 05:40:48,587 --> 05:40:49,622 UNFORTUNATELY THIS IS NOT 7734 05:40:49,622 --> 05:40:51,257 REGULATED BY HEALTH AGENCIES. 7735 05:40:51,257 --> 05:40:55,261 IT'S REGULATED BY THE EPA OR 7736 05:40:55,261 --> 05:41:00,199 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 7737 05:41:00,199 --> 05:41:01,500 AND THERE'S A LOT OF DIFFERENCES 7738 05:41:01,500 --> 05:41:02,101 DEPENDING ON THE STATE. 7739 05:41:02,101 --> 05:41:04,170 I LIVE IN NEW YORK AND THE 7740 05:41:04,170 --> 05:41:06,505 REGULATIONS ARE ENFORCED BY A 7741 05:41:06,505 --> 05:41:07,073 CONSERVATION AGENCY FOR THE 7742 05:41:07,073 --> 05:41:17,183 STATE. 7743 05:41:19,318 --> 05:41:29,562 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7744 05:42:06,332 --> 05:42:12,104 >> SO OTHER EFFECTS I'VE SEEN ON 7745 05:42:12,104 --> 05:42:13,873 PREGNANT WHEN WHEN THEY'RE 7746 05:42:13,873 --> 05:42:16,442 EXPOSED TO PESTICIDES IS 7747 05:42:16,442 --> 05:42:17,510 MISCARRIAGES IN THE WORKPLACE, 7748 05:42:17,510 --> 05:42:19,912 INFERTILITY AND OTHER PREGNANCY 7749 05:42:19,912 --> 05:42:23,249 RISKS BUT THERE'S ALSO WAYS THAT 7750 05:42:23,249 --> 05:42:24,683 ENTIRE FAMILIES ARE BEING 7751 05:42:24,683 --> 05:42:26,652 EXPOSED FOR FAMILY MEMBERS NOT 7752 05:42:26,652 --> 05:42:28,087 WORKING IN THE FIELDS. 7753 05:42:28,087 --> 05:42:32,424 SO IF YOU LIVE NEAR A FIELD, 7754 05:42:32,424 --> 05:42:33,859 YOU'LL BE EXPOSED TO THE 7755 05:42:33,859 --> 05:42:34,927 RESIDUAL PESTICIDE DRIFT. 7756 05:42:34,927 --> 05:42:36,362 IF YOU LIVE IN A HOME WITH 7757 05:42:36,362 --> 05:42:40,699 SOMEONE WHO WORKS IN A FIELD 7758 05:42:40,699 --> 05:42:42,234 THEY TYPICALLY CARRY HOME 7759 05:42:42,234 --> 05:42:44,970 RESIDUAL PESTICIDE PARTICLES. 7760 05:42:44,970 --> 05:42:49,175 IF UNKNOWINGLY YOU DO LAUNDRY AS 7761 05:42:49,175 --> 05:42:51,110 SOMEONE THAT'S A FARM WORKER 7762 05:42:51,110 --> 05:42:55,414 YOU'RE CONTAMINATING EVERYBODY'S 7763 05:42:55,414 --> 05:42:58,417 CLOTHES AND EXPOSING THE ENTIRE 7764 05:42:58,417 --> 05:42:58,651 FAMILY. 7765 05:42:58,651 --> 05:43:01,487 IT'S EASY TO CARRY THE PESTICIDE 7766 05:43:01,487 --> 05:43:02,721 EXPOSURE TO THE FARM WORKER AND 7767 05:43:02,721 --> 05:43:13,199 ENTIRE FAMILY AND COMMUNITY. 7768 05:43:13,933 --> 05:43:24,176 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7769 05:43:43,462 --> 05:43:45,864 >> SO I HAVE SOME PICTURES HERE 7770 05:43:45,864 --> 05:43:47,499 TO SHARE ME A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 7771 05:43:47,499 --> 05:43:49,735 MY STORY. 7772 05:43:49,735 --> 05:43:51,470 THESE ARE PICTURES FROM MY LIFE. 7773 05:43:51,470 --> 05:43:54,373 SOME GOT FLIPPED AROUND ON HERE 7774 05:43:54,373 --> 05:43:55,874 BUT I WANT TO TALK ABOUT MY 7775 05:43:55,874 --> 05:43:58,510 EXPERIENCE BECAUSE I FEEL I AM 7776 05:43:58,510 --> 05:44:01,580 AN EXAMPLE OF SOMEONE WHO 7777 05:44:01,580 --> 05:44:03,148 DIRECTLY EXPERIENCED THE 7778 05:44:03,148 --> 05:44:04,683 CONSEQUENCES OF ENDOCRINE 7779 05:44:04,683 --> 05:44:07,419 DISRUPTOR EXPOSURE THROUGH THE 7780 05:44:07,419 --> 05:44:10,889 PESTICIDES. 7781 05:44:10,889 --> 05:44:21,200 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7782 05:44:27,273 --> 05:44:29,041 >> FOR EXAMPLE IN ALL THREE 7783 05:44:29,041 --> 05:44:30,776 PREGNANCIES I HAD DIFFICULTIES. 7784 05:44:30,776 --> 05:44:32,911 I HAD PREECLAMPSIA AND ALL 7785 05:44:32,911 --> 05:44:34,980 THROUGH MY PREGNANCIES ALL THREE 7786 05:44:34,980 --> 05:44:38,417 OF MY CHILDREN WERE ALSO 7787 05:44:38,417 --> 05:44:40,185 PREMATURE AND UNDER WEIGHT AND 7788 05:44:40,185 --> 05:44:43,889 ALL THREE HAVE HAD CHALLENGING 7789 05:44:43,889 --> 05:44:54,400 HEALTH ISSUES FOR THEIR LIVES. 7790 05:44:58,504 --> 05:45:08,747 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7791 05:45:22,127 --> 05:45:24,096 >> YOU CAN SEE A PICTURE OF A 7792 05:45:24,096 --> 05:45:26,398 BABY IN THE CAR SEAT THAT IS MY 7793 05:45:26,398 --> 05:45:27,266 YOUNGEST OF MY THREE. 7794 05:45:27,266 --> 05:45:31,036 THIS IS A PICTURE OF THE DAY HE 7795 05:45:31,036 --> 05:45:32,671 WAS ABLE TO COME HOME AFTER 7796 05:45:32,671 --> 05:45:34,907 BEING IN NICU FOR TWO MONTHS 7797 05:45:34,907 --> 05:45:38,477 WHEN HE WAS BORN HE WAS ONLY 7798 05:45:38,477 --> 05:45:42,815 THREE POUND AND AFTER TWO MONTHS 7799 05:45:42,815 --> 05:45:51,290 HE CAME HOME WEIGH FIVE POUNDS. 7800 05:45:51,290 --> 05:45:55,227 >> AND 7801 05:45:59,365 --> 05:46:09,608 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7802 05:46:14,480 --> 05:46:15,848 >> IN THE BOTTOM RIGHT YOU'LL 7803 05:46:15,848 --> 05:46:18,350 SEE A PICTURE OF A HAND WITH 7804 05:46:18,350 --> 05:46:19,318 SOME WELTS. 7805 05:46:19,318 --> 05:46:21,320 THAT'S A PICTURE OF MY HAND. 7806 05:46:21,320 --> 05:46:23,288 THIS WAS A PICTURE OF WHAT MY 7807 05:46:23,288 --> 05:46:25,924 HAND LOOKED LIKE WHEN I WENT TO 7808 05:46:25,924 --> 05:46:28,093 THE DOCTOR TO GET SOME HELP. 7809 05:46:28,093 --> 05:46:29,895 I WAS -- THIS WAS THE REACTION I 7810 05:46:29,895 --> 05:46:32,231 HAD AFTER BEING EXPOSED TO 7811 05:46:32,231 --> 05:46:32,531 PESTICIDES. 7812 05:46:32,531 --> 05:46:41,607 THE PERSON THAT I WAS SEEING AT 7813 05:46:41,607 --> 05:46:44,276 THE CLINIC DIDN'T ASK ABOUT MY 7814 05:46:44,276 --> 05:46:45,844 OCCUPATION AND DIDN'T KNOW I WAS 7815 05:46:45,844 --> 05:46:48,380 IN CONTACT WITH ENDOCRINE 7816 05:46:48,380 --> 05:46:50,716 DISRUPTORS AND PESTICIDES AND 7817 05:46:50,716 --> 05:46:59,291 WAS TOLD I HAD A SKIN ALLERGY. 7818 05:46:59,291 --> 05:47:09,601 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7819 05:47:15,340 --> 05:47:20,579 >> THE PICTURE IN THE TOP RIGHT 7820 05:47:20,579 --> 05:47:25,017 IS A PICTURE OF MY SECOND BORN 7821 05:47:25,017 --> 05:47:25,184 SON. 7822 05:47:25,184 --> 05:47:26,718 HE'S THE MIDDLE SON. 7823 05:47:26,718 --> 05:47:29,488 THIS IS A PICTURE OF HIM AFTER 7824 05:47:29,488 --> 05:47:31,223 HE HAD TO GET HEART SURGERY 7825 05:47:31,223 --> 05:47:33,292 BECAUSE HE WAS BORN WITH SOME 7826 05:47:33,292 --> 05:47:35,494 SORT OF HEALTH DEFECT RELATED TO 7827 05:47:35,494 --> 05:47:39,064 HIS HEART AND HAD TO GET HEART 7828 05:47:39,064 --> 05:47:41,467 SURGERY BUT THAT'S JUST ONE 7829 05:47:41,467 --> 05:47:43,302 AMONG SEVERAL HEALTH ISSUES HE'S 7830 05:47:43,302 --> 05:47:48,240 HAD TO FACE. 7831 05:47:48,240 --> 05:47:55,280 >> 7832 05:47:55,280 --> 05:48:05,591 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7833 05:48:16,034 --> 05:48:17,102 >> WHILE I'VE SHARED A LITTLE 7834 05:48:17,102 --> 05:48:19,271 BIT ABOUT MY FAMILY AND MYSELF 7835 05:48:19,271 --> 05:48:22,641 I'M ONE OF MANY STORIES LIKE 7836 05:48:22,641 --> 05:48:24,543 THIS IN MY COMMUNITY. 7837 05:48:24,543 --> 05:48:26,445 I'M CONSTANTLY MEETING 7838 05:48:26,445 --> 05:48:27,579 CHILDREN'S, MOMS AND OTHER 7839 05:48:27,579 --> 05:48:29,882 COMMUNITY MEMBERS SUFFERING 7840 05:48:29,882 --> 05:48:32,818 DAILY FROM THE CONSEQUENCES OF 7841 05:48:32,818 --> 05:48:35,287 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS FROM 7842 05:48:35,287 --> 05:48:45,497 PESTICIDES. 7843 05:48:59,678 --> 05:49:01,914 >> SOME OF THE OTHER HEALTH 7844 05:49:01,914 --> 05:49:03,248 ISSUES THE FARM WORKER WOMEN IN 7845 05:49:03,248 --> 05:49:04,917 MY COMMUNITY FACE AND YOU CAN 7846 05:49:04,917 --> 05:49:07,920 SEE SOME OF US WORKING HERE IN 7847 05:49:07,920 --> 05:49:11,823 THE APPLE FARM IS THAT A LOT OF 7848 05:49:11,823 --> 05:49:15,427 THE WOMEN DEAL WITH CYSTS IN 7849 05:49:15,427 --> 05:49:19,298 THEIR REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS, 7850 05:49:19,298 --> 05:49:21,900 TUMORS, OTHER AUTO IMMUNE 7851 05:49:21,900 --> 05:49:24,937 DISEASES AND OTHER DISEASES 7852 05:49:24,937 --> 05:49:27,272 RELATED TO THEIR REPRODUCTIVE 7853 05:49:27,272 --> 05:49:27,606 SYSTEM. 7854 05:49:27,606 --> 05:49:37,916 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7855 05:49:57,469 --> 05:49:59,304 >> A LOT OF THE TIMES MY 7856 05:49:59,304 --> 05:50:00,706 COMMUNITY MEMBERS DON'T EVER GET 7857 05:50:00,706 --> 05:50:07,312 A DIAGNOSIS AND THEY DON'T GET 7858 05:50:07,312 --> 05:50:10,115 SPECIALIZED FOLLOW UPS OR FOLLOW 7859 05:50:10,115 --> 05:50:11,483 WITH REFERRALS BECAUSE THEY 7860 05:50:11,483 --> 05:50:12,684 DON'T HAVE HEALTH INSURANCE AND 7861 05:50:12,684 --> 05:50:15,887 CAN'T AFFORD THE HEALTH CARE AND 7862 05:50:15,887 --> 05:50:17,990 TYPICALLY WE'RE ONLY IMMIGRANTS 7863 05:50:17,990 --> 05:50:27,299 AND ONLY RETURN HOME TO DIE. 7864 05:50:27,299 --> 05:50:37,609 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7865 05:50:52,224 --> 05:50:55,093 >> SO PART OF THE REASON WE FIND 7866 05:50:55,093 --> 05:50:57,062 OURSELVES IN THIS SITUATION 7867 05:50:57,062 --> 05:50:58,096 OUTSIDE THE FACT THERE IS A LOT 7868 05:50:58,096 --> 05:51:01,967 OF PESTICIDES BEING APPLIED VERY 7869 05:51:01,967 --> 05:51:03,368 HEAVILY IS BECAUSE WE DON'T HAVE 7870 05:51:03,368 --> 05:51:07,773 A LOT OF PROTECTIONS WE NEED ON 7871 05:51:07,773 --> 05:51:10,442 THE LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT SIDE IT 7872 05:51:10,442 --> 05:51:11,276 DOESN'T EXIST. 7873 05:51:11,276 --> 05:51:12,044 A LOT OF THE LABOR LAW OR 7874 05:51:12,044 --> 05:51:16,415 REGULATION PROTECTIONS WE NEED 7875 05:51:16,415 --> 05:51:19,151 OUR AGRICULTURAL WORKERS ARE 7876 05:51:19,151 --> 05:51:20,185 EXCLUDED FROM FEDERAL LABOR LAWS 7877 05:51:20,185 --> 05:51:22,587 AND IN TERMS OF PESTICIDE 7878 05:51:22,587 --> 05:51:25,123 REGULATIONS A LOT OF PESTICIDES 7879 05:51:25,123 --> 05:51:27,025 ARE BEING LOOSELY REGULATED AND 7880 05:51:27,025 --> 05:51:28,593 OFTEN TIMES THOSE REGULATIONS 7881 05:51:28,593 --> 05:51:33,098 ARE NOT ENFORCED AND THE 7882 05:51:33,098 --> 05:51:35,567 EXISTING REGULATIONS ARE PRETTY 7883 05:51:35,567 --> 05:51:40,605 WEAK BUT WHEN THEY ARE ENFORCED 7884 05:51:40,605 --> 05:51:42,407 IT'S TYPICALLY A SMALL FINE FOR 7885 05:51:42,407 --> 05:51:44,276 AN EMPLOYER TO HAVE INCORRECTLY 7886 05:51:44,276 --> 05:51:54,686 OR MISUSED A PESTICIDE. 7887 05:52:07,099 --> 05:52:14,806 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7888 05:52:14,806 --> 05:52:17,943 >> THE REGULATION THAT IS THE 7889 05:52:17,943 --> 05:52:20,612 FEDERAL PESTICIDE ONE IS A 7890 05:52:20,612 --> 05:52:21,947 FEDERAL PROTECTION STANDARD AN 7891 05:52:21,947 --> 05:52:23,215 EPA REGULATION AND IT IS PEOPLE 7892 05:52:23,215 --> 05:52:25,784 FROM THE EPA THAT ARE IN CHARGE 7893 05:52:25,784 --> 05:52:28,353 OF DOING THE INSPECTIONS AND THE 7894 05:52:28,353 --> 05:52:29,955 WORKPLACE FOR HOW PESTICIDES ARE 7895 05:52:29,955 --> 05:52:31,990 BEING APPLIED, THE TYPES OF 7896 05:52:31,990 --> 05:52:33,258 WARNINGS PEOPLE GET, THE TYPES 7897 05:52:33,258 --> 05:52:36,394 OF PROTECTIONS THE WORKERS ARE 7898 05:52:36,394 --> 05:52:37,662 BEING GIVEN. 7899 05:52:37,662 --> 05:52:40,132 HOWEVER, THESE INSPECTIONS ARE 7900 05:52:40,132 --> 05:52:41,700 NOT RANDOM. 7901 05:52:41,700 --> 05:52:43,335 THE INSPECTORS COORDINATE WITH 7902 05:52:43,335 --> 05:52:46,204 THE EMPLOYERS WHAT DATE THEY'LL 7903 05:52:46,204 --> 05:52:47,973 BE THERE AND WHAT TIME AND THEY 7904 05:52:47,973 --> 05:52:49,975 DON'T HAVE A LOT OF STUFF OR SAY 7905 05:52:49,975 --> 05:52:51,276 THEY DON'T HAVE ENOUGH STUFF TO 7906 05:52:51,276 --> 05:52:52,911 DO RANDOM INSPECTIONS WHICH IS 7907 05:52:52,911 --> 05:52:55,113 WHY THEY HAVE TO COORDINATE AND 7908 05:52:55,113 --> 05:52:57,716 THAT IS PART OF THE REASON WHY 7909 05:52:57,716 --> 05:53:01,987 THE ENFORCEMENT IS SO WEAK. 7910 05:53:01,987 --> 05:53:04,356 >> 7911 05:53:04,356 --> 05:53:14,666 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7912 05:53:25,844 --> 05:53:29,381 >> I MENTIONED I NEVER RECEIVED 7913 05:53:29,381 --> 05:53:31,082 TRAINING WHILE THERE IS A 7914 05:53:31,082 --> 05:53:31,983 REQUIREMENT FOR PESTICIDE 7915 05:53:31,983 --> 05:53:33,952 HANDLERS TO RECEIVE A TRAINING, 7916 05:53:33,952 --> 05:53:36,988 IT'S NOT REQUIRED ALL FARM 7917 05:53:36,988 --> 05:53:38,490 WORKERS RECEIVE THE TRAINING AND 7918 05:53:38,490 --> 05:53:40,125 EVEN THOSE REQUIRED TRAINING ARE 7919 05:53:40,125 --> 05:53:42,227 SHOWED A 10-MINUTE VIDEO WHICH 7920 05:53:42,227 --> 05:53:43,995 IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO KNOW THE 7921 05:53:43,995 --> 05:53:46,898 RISKS AND THE HARM AND A LOT OF 7922 05:53:46,898 --> 05:53:49,234 EMPLOYERS ARE STILL NOT WILLING 7923 05:53:49,234 --> 05:53:50,635 TO GIVE UP THE 10 MINUTES. 7924 05:53:50,635 --> 05:53:52,704 THEY'LL HAVE FARM WORKERS SIGN A 7925 05:53:52,704 --> 05:53:54,539 PIECE OF PAPER WITH THEIR 7926 05:53:54,539 --> 05:53:55,974 SIGNATURE TO SAY LIKE YOU'RE 7927 05:53:55,974 --> 05:53:57,442 AGREEING YOU RECEIVED TRAINING 7928 05:53:57,442 --> 05:54:03,281 AND THEN USE THAT SIGNATURE TO 7929 05:54:03,281 --> 05:54:05,317 SHOW WEPS THEY GAVE A TRAINING 7930 05:54:05,317 --> 05:54:08,053 AND CONSENTED TO IT. 7931 05:54:08,053 --> 05:54:18,363 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7932 05:54:33,712 --> 05:54:35,714 >> WHEN WORKERS QUESTION THE 7933 05:54:35,714 --> 05:54:36,815 TRAINING OR LACK OF TRAINING OR 7934 05:54:36,815 --> 05:54:37,983 WHY THEY'RE SIGNING THE DOCUMENT 7935 05:54:37,983 --> 05:54:42,487 THEY DON'T UNDERSTAND OR MAYBE A 7936 05:54:42,487 --> 05:54:46,424 BLANK DOCUMENT THEY'RE MET WITH 7937 05:54:46,424 --> 05:54:48,393 RETALIATION AND THREATENED WITH 7938 05:54:48,393 --> 05:54:49,294 LOSING THE JOB AND MOST PEOPLE 7939 05:54:49,294 --> 05:54:52,364 CAN'T AFFORD THAT SO THEY 7940 05:54:52,364 --> 05:54:54,165 TYPICALLY DON'T RECORD WHAT'S 7941 05:54:54,165 --> 05:54:54,432 HAPPENING. 7942 05:54:54,432 --> 05:54:56,001 WHERE I LIVE THE CONCENTRATED 7943 05:54:56,001 --> 05:54:58,236 PESTICIDES HAVE TO BE APPLIED 7944 05:54:58,236 --> 05:55:03,275 EARLY SPRING BUT THE TRAININGS 7945 05:55:03,275 --> 05:55:07,245 DON'T TAKE PLACE UNTIL APRIL AND 7946 05:55:07,245 --> 05:55:09,781 IT'S COMMON THE PEOPLE APPLYING 7947 05:55:09,781 --> 05:55:11,750 THEM AREN'T WEARING PROTECTIVE 7948 05:55:11,750 --> 05:55:12,851 GEAR AND DON'T KNOW THEY SHOULD 7949 05:55:12,851 --> 05:55:15,287 BE WEARING THEM BECAUSE THEY'RE 7950 05:55:15,287 --> 05:55:17,022 NOT GIVING THE TRAINING THAT 7951 05:55:17,022 --> 05:55:18,089 WOULD EDUCATE THEM ON THE 7952 05:55:18,089 --> 05:55:19,291 DANGERS OF THE PESTICIDES 7953 05:55:19,291 --> 05:55:21,760 THEY'RE APPLYING. 7954 05:55:21,760 --> 05:55:32,070 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7955 05:55:47,252 --> 05:55:47,953 >> ANOTHER REASON THESE THINGS 7956 05:55:47,953 --> 05:55:49,955 ARE TAKING PLACE IS BECAUSE A 7957 05:55:49,955 --> 05:55:53,391 LOT OF FARM WORKERS DO NOT HAVE 7958 05:55:53,391 --> 05:55:54,793 A TYPE OF PERMANENT IMMIGRATION 7959 05:55:54,793 --> 05:55:55,460 STATUS. 7960 05:55:55,460 --> 05:55:56,828 SOME HAVE STATUS BUT THEY'RE 7961 05:55:56,828 --> 05:55:59,664 MIGRANT VISAS SO PEOPLE ARE 7962 05:55:59,664 --> 05:56:01,967 TERRIFIED OF BEING DEPORTED OR 7963 05:56:01,967 --> 05:56:06,104 HAVING SOME SORT OF IMMIGRATION 7964 05:56:06,104 --> 05:56:07,605 ENFORCEMENT CALLED ON THEM. 7965 05:56:07,605 --> 05:56:11,309 THERE'S A BAD POWER DYNAMIC IN 7966 05:56:11,309 --> 05:56:16,348 THE WORKPLACES WHERE EMPLOYERS 7967 05:56:16,348 --> 05:56:20,685 HAVE POWER TO THREAT TO FIRE 7968 05:56:20,685 --> 05:56:23,021 SOMEONE OR DEPORT THEM AND THAT 7969 05:56:23,021 --> 05:56:23,922 CONSTANT FEAR IS WHAT KEEPS 7970 05:56:23,922 --> 05:56:28,426 WORKERS IN THIS OPPRESSIVE 7971 05:56:28,426 --> 05:56:28,693 SITUATION. 7972 05:56:28,693 --> 05:56:31,997 ANOTHER WAY EMPLOYERS EXERT 7973 05:56:31,997 --> 05:56:35,200 POWER OVER THE WORKFORCE IS 7974 05:56:35,200 --> 05:56:37,268 LABOR WORK CAMP IN THE FARM OR 7975 05:56:37,268 --> 05:56:39,270 FIELDS WHERE THEY'RE WORKING AND 7976 05:56:39,270 --> 05:56:42,407 THE HOUSING CONDITIONS ARE OFTEN 7977 05:56:42,407 --> 05:56:43,641 INADEQUATE MAKING THE EXPOSURE 7978 05:56:43,641 --> 05:56:49,014 EVEN MORE EXASPERATED. 7979 05:56:49,014 --> 05:56:59,324 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 7980 05:57:20,478 --> 05:57:23,148 >> I ALL RIGHT MENTIONED A LOT 7981 05:57:23,148 --> 05:57:24,616 OF PEOPLE DON'T DO NECESSARY 7982 05:57:24,616 --> 05:57:26,217 TREATMENT OR CARE BECAUSE THEY 7983 05:57:26,217 --> 05:57:29,954 DON'T HAVE THE HEALTH INSURANCE 7984 05:57:29,954 --> 05:57:31,623 BUT ALSO DIRECTLY LINKED TO THE 7985 05:57:31,623 --> 05:57:32,824 IMMIGRATION STATUS. 7986 05:57:32,824 --> 05:57:34,793 PEOPLE AREN'T ENROLL IN HEALTH 7987 05:57:34,793 --> 05:57:36,494 INSURANCE BECAUSE OF LACK OF 7988 05:57:36,494 --> 05:57:36,728 STATUS. 7989 05:57:36,728 --> 05:57:38,463 WHEN PEOPLE DO HAVE INSURANCE OR 7990 05:57:38,463 --> 05:57:40,298 GO OUT OF THEIR OWN POCKET TO 7991 05:57:40,298 --> 05:57:44,936 SEEK MEDICAL CARE, A LOT OF 7992 05:57:44,936 --> 05:57:46,004 CLINICIANS OR PROVIDERS DON'T 7993 05:57:46,004 --> 05:57:51,076 HAVE THE TRAINING ON THE AFFECTS 7994 05:57:51,076 --> 05:57:55,880 THE PESTICIDES HAVE ON US AND 7995 05:57:55,880 --> 05:57:57,148 AREN'T GIVEN THE INFORMATION TO 7996 05:57:57,148 --> 05:57:58,950 PROTECT OURSELVES AND BY THE 7997 05:57:58,950 --> 05:58:01,419 TIME WE FIND OUT MOST HAVE 7998 05:58:01,419 --> 05:58:11,262 IMPACTS AND THINGS LIKE CANCER. 7999 05:58:50,935 --> 05:58:53,138 >> THIS IS A PICTURE OF ME DOING 8000 05:58:53,138 --> 05:58:54,372 COMMUNITY WORK AS PART OF A 8001 05:58:54,372 --> 05:58:57,275 GROUP I HELPED START IN NEW YORK 8002 05:58:57,275 --> 05:58:57,842 CALLED DIVINE WOMEN. 8003 05:58:57,842 --> 05:59:00,945 AND I WAS TRAINING A GROUP OF 8004 05:59:00,945 --> 05:59:01,946 CHURCH YOUTH ON WHERE THEIR FOOD 8005 05:59:01,946 --> 05:59:04,749 COMES FROM AND YOU CAN SEE NONE 8006 05:59:04,749 --> 05:59:06,651 OF THEM ARE DRESSED SAFELY. 8007 05:59:06,651 --> 05:59:07,752 I THINK THAT A LOT OF PEOPLE 8008 05:59:07,752 --> 05:59:10,555 HEAR THE WRONG MESSAGE ABOUT 8009 05:59:10,555 --> 05:59:11,623 FARM WORKERS BUT WE'RE THE ONES 8010 05:59:11,623 --> 05:59:12,991 FEEDING THE NATION AND HELPING 8011 05:59:12,991 --> 05:59:15,293 PRODUCE THE FOODS YOU EAT AND 8012 05:59:15,293 --> 05:59:19,297 WE'RE NOT BEING SEEN OR 8013 05:59:19,297 --> 05:59:29,507 RECOGNIZED. 8014 05:59:31,342 --> 05:59:32,810 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8015 05:59:32,810 --> 05:59:34,779 >> AND WORST OF ALL ON TOP OF 8016 05:59:34,779 --> 05:59:37,482 THE FACT WE'RE NOT OFTEN VISIBLE 8017 05:59:37,482 --> 05:59:39,817 IS WE ARE CONTINUOUSLY FACING 8018 05:59:39,817 --> 05:59:43,354 THE HORRIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF 8019 05:59:43,354 --> 05:59:47,292 PESTICIDE EXPOSURE. 8020 05:59:47,292 --> 05:59:57,602 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8021 06:00:23,061 --> 06:00:25,430 >> ANOTHER THING WE DO IS DO 8022 06:00:25,430 --> 06:00:27,932 ADVOCACY AND RAISE AWARENESS IN 8023 06:00:27,932 --> 06:00:33,738 ISSUES AND ENGAGE IN ORGANIC 8024 06:00:33,738 --> 06:00:36,341 FARMING IN OUR GARDENS AND RAISE 8025 06:00:36,341 --> 06:00:37,542 AWARENESS WITH OUR POLICY MAKERS 8026 06:00:37,542 --> 06:00:39,711 AND THAT'S A PICTURE OF US WITH 8027 06:00:39,711 --> 06:00:41,546 CORY BOOKER AND EDUCATE PEOPLE 8028 06:00:41,546 --> 06:00:45,883 ON HOW TO PROTECT THEMSELVES AND 8029 06:00:45,883 --> 06:00:47,285 WEAR SAFE CLOTHING WHEN WORKING 8030 06:00:47,285 --> 06:00:57,729 OR BE AWARE OF THE RISKS. 8031 06:01:09,374 --> 06:01:10,441 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 8032 06:01:10,441 --> 06:01:15,380 I'D LIKE TO OPEN IT UP FOR 8033 06:01:15,380 --> 06:01:15,947 QUESTIONS. 8034 06:01:15,947 --> 06:01:18,216 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR SHARING 8035 06:01:18,216 --> 06:01:18,916 THAT IMPORTANT PERSPECTIVE. 8036 06:01:18,916 --> 06:01:25,990 IT BRINGS UP A WORRY I'VE HAD 8037 06:01:25,990 --> 06:01:29,260 WITH THE ISSUES AND THINKING HOW 8038 06:01:29,260 --> 06:01:31,296 TO MITIGATE THE EXPOSURES WE 8039 06:01:31,296 --> 06:01:33,398 PLAY BE UNWITTINGLY GIVING THE 8040 06:01:33,398 --> 06:01:34,866 MANUFACTURERS AND EMPLOYEES AN 8041 06:01:34,866 --> 06:01:37,869 OUT SAYING THAT'S NOT A TOXIC 8042 06:01:37,869 --> 06:01:40,238 PESTICIDE, YOU DIDN'T EAT ENOUGH 8043 06:01:40,238 --> 06:01:40,438 FIBER. 8044 06:01:40,438 --> 06:01:41,839 PFAS IS NOT DANGEROUS. 8045 06:01:41,839 --> 06:01:43,274 YOU DIDN'T GET ENOUGH EXERCISE. 8046 06:01:43,274 --> 06:01:45,009 I THINK WE NEED TO BE VERY 8047 06:01:45,009 --> 06:01:46,911 CAUTIOUS AND CAREFUL ABOUT HOW 8048 06:01:46,911 --> 06:01:50,048 WE MESSAGE THESE THINGS AT THE 8049 06:01:50,048 --> 06:01:54,419 SAME TIME WE'RE PUTTING PRESSURE 8050 06:01:54,419 --> 06:01:55,987 ON THE MANUFACTURERS AND 8051 06:01:55,987 --> 06:01:58,323 EMPLOYERS LIKE HERS TO MAXIMIZE 8052 06:01:58,323 --> 06:01:59,324 PEOPLE'S SAFETY TO THE DEGREE 8053 06:01:59,324 --> 06:02:01,059 POSSIBLE AND THE OTHER 8054 06:02:01,059 --> 06:02:02,560 INTERVENTION STRATEGIES COME ON 8055 06:02:02,560 --> 06:02:07,332 TOM TOP OF THAT BECAUSE THAT'S 8056 06:02:07,332 --> 06:02:08,833 THE CONCERN THE COMPANIES WILL 8057 06:02:08,833 --> 06:02:10,668 USE THIS AS AN EXCUSE TO ENGAGE 8058 06:02:10,668 --> 06:02:14,639 IN THIS VERY UNACCEPTABLE 8059 06:02:14,639 --> 06:02:14,906 BEHAVIOR. 8060 06:02:14,906 --> 06:02:16,407 I WANT TO OFFER MY APPRECIATION 8061 06:02:16,407 --> 06:02:17,575 ABOUT YOU SPEAKING ABOUT YOUR 8062 06:02:17,575 --> 06:02:17,875 EXPERIENCE. 8063 06:02:17,875 --> 06:02:23,548 I THINK IT'S VERY IMPORTANT. 8064 06:02:23,548 --> 06:02:24,415 >> THAT'S AN EXCELLENT POINT AND 8065 06:02:24,415 --> 06:02:30,722 VERY LIKELY TO HAPPEN. 8066 06:02:30,722 --> 06:02:33,091 >> THANKS FOR COMING AND SHARING 8067 06:02:33,091 --> 06:02:33,725 IT'S AN IMPORTANT PERSPECTIVE 8068 06:02:33,725 --> 06:02:35,293 FOR ALL OF US. 8069 06:02:35,293 --> 06:02:37,762 HOW CAN WE BEST ADVOCATES FOR 8070 06:02:37,762 --> 06:02:39,063 FARM WORKERS? 8071 06:02:39,063 --> 06:02:41,032 WHAT SHOULD WE DOING IN 8072 06:02:41,032 --> 06:02:41,966 COMMUNITIES WITH 8073 06:02:41,966 --> 06:02:42,467 REPRESENTATIVES? 8074 06:02:42,467 --> 06:02:47,271 HOW CAN WE BE HELPFUL TO YOU? 8075 06:02:47,271 --> 06:02:57,582 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8076 06:03:27,278 --> 06:03:31,916 >> THANK YOU FOR THE QUESTION. 8077 06:03:31,916 --> 06:03:34,085 OUTSIDE OF JUST BEING IN THIS 8078 06:03:34,085 --> 06:03:34,952 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY YOU'RE 8079 06:03:34,952 --> 06:03:37,054 IN, ANYBODY AS A CONSUMER HAS A 8080 06:03:37,054 --> 06:03:37,989 LOT OF POWER. 8081 06:03:37,989 --> 06:03:39,557 I INVITE EVERYBODY TO BE AWARE 8082 06:03:39,557 --> 06:03:41,392 OF HOW THEY'RE CONSUMING FRUITS 8083 06:03:41,392 --> 06:03:43,094 AND VEGETABLES. 8084 06:03:43,094 --> 06:03:45,296 THERE IS I THINK IT'S PEOPLE 8085 06:03:45,296 --> 06:03:47,865 FOCUS ON BUYING ORGANIC OR 8086 06:03:47,865 --> 06:03:51,169 TRYING TO EAT AS MUCH AS 8087 06:03:51,169 --> 06:03:52,236 PESTICIDE-FREE PRODUCE AS THEY 8088 06:03:52,236 --> 06:03:53,571 CAN BUT WE SEE WASTE. 8089 06:03:53,571 --> 06:03:54,806 PEOPLE DON'T WANT TO BUY AN 8090 06:03:54,806 --> 06:03:58,543 APPLE WITH A BRUISE OR MARK AND 8091 06:03:58,543 --> 06:04:01,813 PUTS PRESSURE ON PRODUCERS TO 8092 06:04:01,813 --> 06:04:04,916 ONLY PICK THE BEST FRUITS AND 8093 06:04:04,916 --> 06:04:06,551 VEGETABLES MAYBE WHEN THEY'RE 8094 06:04:06,551 --> 06:04:08,586 READY AND PUTS PRESSURE ON US 8095 06:04:08,586 --> 06:04:11,289 HOW QUICKLY WE PICK AND FOR MORE 8096 06:04:11,289 --> 06:04:12,356 HOURS. 8097 06:04:12,356 --> 06:04:13,424 HAVE REALISTIC STANDARDS OF WHAT 8098 06:04:13,424 --> 06:04:15,293 FOOD IS SUPPOSED TO LOOK LIKE 8099 06:04:15,293 --> 06:04:19,263 AND THAT NATURAL PERSPECTIVE. 8100 06:04:19,263 --> 06:04:23,267 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8101 06:04:23,267 --> 06:04:25,236 >> THAT WOULD HELP REDUCE FOOD 8102 06:04:25,236 --> 06:04:29,106 WASTE WHICH WOULD REDUCE THE 8103 06:04:29,106 --> 06:04:29,707 STRENUOUS LABOR CONDITIONS. 8104 06:04:29,707 --> 06:04:31,409 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL OF 8105 06:04:31,409 --> 06:04:32,009 THIS. 8106 06:04:32,009 --> 06:04:35,146 THANK YOU SO MUCH. 8107 06:04:35,146 --> 06:04:38,583 >> WHAT YOU SAY REMINDS ME OF 8108 06:04:38,583 --> 06:04:41,419 MICHAEL POLLEN'S BOOK TALKING 8109 06:04:41,419 --> 06:04:43,287 ABOUT FOOD. 8110 06:04:43,287 --> 06:04:46,791 ONE WAS OMNIVORE'S DILEMMA AND 8111 06:04:46,791 --> 06:04:49,894 TALKED ABOUT ORGANIC CERTIFIED 8112 06:04:49,894 --> 06:04:52,930 AND ALL OF US NOW BEFORE I READ 8113 06:04:52,930 --> 06:04:57,602 THAT BOOK I WAS IMPRESSION USDA 8114 06:04:57,602 --> 06:04:59,170 ORGANIC WAS GOOD AND NOW I 8115 06:04:59,170 --> 06:05:01,405 UNDERSTAND FROM HIS BOOK AND 8116 06:05:01,405 --> 06:05:08,012 ONES SIMILAR IT DOESN'T 8117 06:05:08,012 --> 06:05:08,679 NECESSARILY GUARANTEE SAFETY TO 8118 06:05:08,679 --> 06:05:11,115 YOU OR ORGANICS. 8119 06:05:11,115 --> 06:05:13,885 THE BOOK MENTIONS THERE'S 8120 06:05:13,885 --> 06:05:14,752 LOOPHOLES THEY CAN STILL GET 8121 06:05:14,752 --> 06:05:22,159 ORGANIC CERTIFIED. 8122 06:05:22,159 --> 06:05:24,662 >> WHAT IS THE QUESTION? 8123 06:05:24,662 --> 06:05:29,033 >> I GUESS -- SO BESIDES LIKE 8124 06:05:29,033 --> 06:05:31,903 NOT WASTING FOOD ON -- WHAT 8125 06:05:31,903 --> 06:05:34,939 ABOUT -- I DON'T WANT TO PUT YOU 8126 06:05:34,939 --> 06:05:37,141 OUT AS A WORKER BUT THE TAKE IS 8127 06:05:37,141 --> 06:05:40,778 WE SHOULD GO TO LOCAL FARMER'S 8128 06:05:40,778 --> 06:05:45,216 MARKETS AND GETTING OUR FOOD 8129 06:05:45,216 --> 06:05:47,084 THAT WAY BUT IF WE DO THAT IT 8130 06:05:47,084 --> 06:05:49,186 PUTS YOU OUT OF A JOB. 8131 06:05:49,186 --> 06:05:51,522 ARE THERE WAYS TO FIND HARMONY 8132 06:05:51,522 --> 06:05:53,524 AND IN TERMS OF KNOWING OUR FOOD 8133 06:05:53,524 --> 06:05:55,826 SOURCE, HOW THE WORKERS ARE 8134 06:05:55,826 --> 06:05:56,928 TREATED, POLICY DECISIONS ARE 8135 06:05:56,928 --> 06:05:59,263 GOING TO BE IMPORTANT AND WHAT 8136 06:05:59,263 --> 06:06:01,999 OTHER MEASURES BESIDES THAT JUST 8137 06:06:01,999 --> 06:06:05,036 WASTING FOOD AND REPLYING ON 8138 06:06:05,036 --> 06:06:05,970 ORGANIC CERTIFIED BECAUSE THAT'S 8139 06:06:05,970 --> 06:06:06,470 NOT WHAT WE'RE GETTING 8140 06:06:06,470 --> 06:06:11,275 NECESSARY. 8141 06:06:11,275 --> 06:06:11,842 -- NECESSARILY. 8142 06:06:11,842 --> 06:06:14,011 >> SHE'S GOING TO THINK AND 8143 06:06:14,011 --> 06:06:18,883 MAYBE WE CAN TELL YOU LATER BUT 8144 06:06:18,883 --> 06:06:19,550 THAT'S A TOUGH ONE. 8145 06:06:19,550 --> 06:06:23,921 >> I HAVE A QUESTION FROM THE 8146 06:06:23,921 --> 06:06:26,891 ZOOM CHAT. 8147 06:06:26,891 --> 06:06:29,160 SHE SAID MS. BEDOLLA YOUR STORY 8148 06:06:29,160 --> 06:06:29,794 IS POWERFUL. 8149 06:06:29,794 --> 06:06:31,128 I WISH THE GOVERNMENT WOULD TAKE 8150 06:06:31,128 --> 06:06:32,897 THE STEPS YOU RECOMMEND TO 8151 06:06:32,897 --> 06:06:33,898 DECREASE EXPOSURES. 8152 06:06:33,898 --> 06:06:35,933 UNTIL THAT HAPPENS WHAT DO YOU 8153 06:06:35,933 --> 06:06:37,301 THINK IS THE BEST WAY TO EDUCATE 8154 06:06:37,301 --> 06:06:43,874 AND PROTECT FARM WORKERS? 8155 06:06:43,874 --> 06:06:44,709 >> BIG QUESTION. 8156 06:06:44,709 --> 06:06:50,014 >> YOU CAN THINK ABOUT THAT IF 8157 06:06:50,014 --> 06:06:53,951 YOU NEED TO. 8158 06:06:53,951 --> 06:07:04,261 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8159 06:07:26,117 --> 06:07:27,518 >> SO I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE 8160 06:07:27,518 --> 06:07:28,319 DON'T KNOW WHERE THEIR FOOD 8161 06:07:28,319 --> 06:07:28,919 COMES FROM. 8162 06:07:28,919 --> 06:07:31,288 IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION WHERE 8163 06:07:31,288 --> 06:07:33,224 YOU'RE ABLE TO LOOK UP WHAT FARM 8164 06:07:33,224 --> 06:07:35,292 YOUR FOOD IS COMING FROM YOU CAN 8165 06:07:35,292 --> 06:07:37,728 USUALLY SEE THE BIG PRODUCE 8166 06:07:37,728 --> 06:07:38,496 NAMES AND GOOGLE THEM AND A LOT 8167 06:07:38,496 --> 06:07:42,900 OF THEM HAVE COME UP WITH LABOR 8168 06:07:42,900 --> 06:07:45,302 VIOLATIONS IN THE INDUSTRY BIG 8169 06:07:45,302 --> 06:07:50,241 ONES ARE PERDUE FOR EXAMPLE. 8170 06:07:50,241 --> 06:07:52,743 ON THE LOCAL LEVEL BEING AWARE 8171 06:07:52,743 --> 06:07:55,279 OF WHAT YOUR LOCAL 8172 06:07:55,279 --> 06:07:58,282 REPRESENTATIVES ARE DOING. 8173 06:07:58,282 --> 06:08:07,324 RIGHT NOW A LOT OF STATES ARE 8174 06:08:07,324 --> 06:08:10,695 CONSIDERING PREEMPTION LAWS AND 8175 06:08:10,695 --> 06:08:12,029 THAT'S SOMETHING YOU CAN EDUCATE 8176 06:08:12,029 --> 06:08:16,534 YOURSELVES ON AND GET INVOLVED 8177 06:08:16,534 --> 06:08:19,270 AND EDUCATE THE LEGISLATORS ON 8178 06:08:19,270 --> 06:08:21,072 HOW DANGEROUS THAT IS TO OUR 8179 06:08:21,072 --> 06:08:21,305 HEALTH. 8180 06:08:21,305 --> 06:08:23,174 >> I MAY HAVE ANOTHER BIG 8181 06:08:23,174 --> 06:08:25,743 QUESTION MAYBE FOR THE SPEAKERS 8182 06:08:25,743 --> 06:08:27,545 AS WELL AS FOR THE PEOPLE IN THE 8183 06:08:27,545 --> 06:08:32,616 ROOM AND ON ZOOM. 8184 06:08:32,616 --> 06:08:34,085 SO, WE HEARD FROM OUR 8185 06:08:34,085 --> 06:08:36,821 FIREFIGHTER SPEAKER EARLIER THE 8186 06:08:36,821 --> 06:08:40,057 QUESTION WAS POSED TO HIM ARE 8187 06:08:40,057 --> 06:08:41,625 THERE OTHER OPTIONS FOR FLAME 8188 06:08:41,625 --> 06:08:44,028 RETARDANTS THAT AREN'T SO TOXIC. 8189 06:08:44,028 --> 06:08:46,564 ARE YOU OR ANYONE IN THE ROOM 8190 06:08:46,564 --> 06:08:48,499 AWARE OF ANY OTHER OPTIONS THAT 8191 06:08:48,499 --> 06:08:50,568 COULD BE USED FOR PESTICIDES 8192 06:08:50,568 --> 06:08:51,969 THAT WOULDN'T PRESENT AS HARMFUL 8193 06:08:51,969 --> 06:09:02,446 EFFECTS AS WE'RE SEEING NOW? 8194 06:09:07,384 --> 06:09:17,628 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8195 06:09:50,761 --> 06:09:52,863 >> THERE ARE PRODUCERS 8196 06:09:52,863 --> 06:09:55,299 TRANSITIONING TO ORGANIC AND 8197 06:09:55,299 --> 06:09:56,667 TYPICALLY THE PROFIT IS PRETTY 8198 06:09:56,667 --> 06:09:58,602 SIMILAR IF NOT THE SAME. 8199 06:09:58,602 --> 06:09:59,837 THE APPLE FARM I WORK ON IS 8200 06:09:59,837 --> 06:10:05,609 TRANSITIONING TO ORGANIC AND OUR 8201 06:10:05,609 --> 06:10:07,044 HOURS REMAIN THE SAME. 8202 06:10:07,044 --> 06:10:08,179 ANOTHER THING WE DO OTHER 8203 06:10:08,179 --> 06:10:10,414 ALTERNATIVES IS ENCOURAGING 8204 06:10:10,414 --> 06:10:12,016 PEOPLE TO BE A PART OF COMMUNITY 8205 06:10:12,016 --> 06:10:14,018 GARDENS IF THEY CAN OR THEIR OWN 8206 06:10:14,018 --> 06:10:14,718 PERSONAL GARDENS. 8207 06:10:14,718 --> 06:10:17,087 I'M PART OF A PROJECT CALLED THE 8208 06:10:17,087 --> 06:10:18,823 MOTHER EARTH PROJECTS WE 8209 06:10:18,823 --> 06:10:20,758 ENCOURAGE FARM WORKER WOMEN TO 8210 06:10:20,758 --> 06:10:22,159 GROW THEIR OWN FOOD IN WHATEVER 8211 06:10:22,159 --> 06:10:23,961 CAPACITY THEY HAVE AND WE HAVE 8212 06:10:23,961 --> 06:10:26,063 ACCESS TO FRESH FRUITS AND 8213 06:10:26,063 --> 06:10:27,331 VEGETABLES NOT BEING GROWN WITH 8214 06:10:27,331 --> 06:10:29,600 PESTICIDES AND ALSO MEANS WE CAN 8215 06:10:29,600 --> 06:10:32,503 AFFORD TO HAVE FRESH FRUITS AND 8216 06:10:32,503 --> 06:10:36,006 VEGETABLES SINCE PEOPLE IN FOOD 8217 06:10:36,006 --> 06:10:38,075 DESERTS CAN'T AFFORD IT. 8218 06:10:38,075 --> 06:10:41,946 >> ONE LAST QUESTION. 8219 06:10:41,946 --> 06:10:47,184 >> I THINK YOU KIND OF ANSWERED 8220 06:10:47,184 --> 06:10:48,385 MY QUESTION BUT DO YOU THINK 8221 06:10:48,385 --> 06:10:49,887 COMING FROM A CONVENTIONAL 8222 06:10:49,887 --> 06:10:51,455 SYSTEM AND KNOWING HOW THAT 8223 06:10:51,455 --> 06:10:54,291 WORKS THAT IT IS POSSIBLE FOR 8224 06:10:54,291 --> 06:10:57,194 MANY FARMS TO TRANSITION TO 8225 06:10:57,194 --> 06:10:59,697 ORGANIC OR A REGENERATIVE 8226 06:10:59,697 --> 06:10:59,930 SYSTEM? 8227 06:10:59,930 --> 06:11:01,232 I THINK IT IS BASED ON WHAT I 8228 06:11:01,232 --> 06:11:02,967 HEARD FROM OTHER FARMERS BUT I 8229 06:11:02,967 --> 06:11:03,534 WOULD LIKE TO HEAR WHAT YOU 8230 06:11:03,534 --> 06:11:11,275 THINK. 8231 06:11:11,275 --> 06:11:21,585 [SPEAKING SPANISH] 8232 06:11:29,960 --> 06:11:31,195 >> I THINK IT IS POSSIBLE. 8233 06:11:31,195 --> 06:11:34,598 LIKE I MENTIONED THE FARM I WORK 8234 06:11:34,598 --> 06:11:36,867 AT HAS BEEN ABLE TO DO IT AND 8235 06:11:36,867 --> 06:11:37,334 OTHERS AS WELL. 8236 06:11:37,334 --> 06:11:39,737 HOWEVER, THERE IS ALWAYS SOME 8237 06:11:39,737 --> 06:11:41,505 PRODUCERS WHO COMMIT FRAUD AND 8238 06:11:41,505 --> 06:11:44,441 PUT THE ORGANIC LABEL ON THE 8239 06:11:44,441 --> 06:11:46,610 PRODUCE WHEN IT'S NOT AND I 8240 06:11:46,610 --> 06:11:47,845 THINK THAT'S MADE IT DIFFICULT 8241 06:11:47,845 --> 06:11:50,681 FOR THE ONES WHO ARE DOING IT 8242 06:11:50,681 --> 06:11:53,417 CORRECTLY BECAUSE THE RESEARCH 8243 06:11:53,417 --> 06:11:58,889 OR THE DATA COMES OUT ENDS UP 8244 06:11:58,889 --> 06:12:02,092 SHOWING ORGANIC DON'T USE 8245 06:12:02,092 --> 06:12:03,260 PESTICIDE SPRAY. 8246 06:12:03,260 --> 06:12:07,331 >> THANK YOU. 8247 06:12:07,331 --> 06:12:17,574 >> THANK YOU BOTH VERY MUCH. 8248 06:12:17,574 --> 06:12:19,143 >> WE WENT A LITTLE OVER TIME 8249 06:12:19,143 --> 06:12:20,878 BUT I THOUGHT IT WAS WORTH IT TO 8250 06:12:20,878 --> 06:12:22,913 HAVE TIME TO ASK QUESTIONS AND 8251 06:12:22,913 --> 06:12:25,115 THAT WAS VERY POWERFUL. 8252 06:12:25,115 --> 06:12:28,485 OUR LAST PRESENTATION OF THE DAY 8253 06:12:28,485 --> 06:12:30,988 IS DR. MESSERLIAN FROM HARVARD 8254 06:12:30,988 --> 06:12:33,290 UNIVERSITY WHO IS GOING TO BE 8255 06:12:33,290 --> 06:12:35,626 GIVING A VERY IMPORTANT 8256 06:12:35,626 --> 06:12:37,594 PRESENTATION ON HOW TO REDUCE 8257 06:12:37,594 --> 06:12:40,097 OUR EXPOSURE AND HOW IMPORTANT 8258 06:12:40,097 --> 06:12:43,500 THAT IS FOR MITIGATION AND THE 8259 06:12:43,500 --> 06:12:45,402 EVIDENCE BEHIND THAT. 8260 06:12:45,402 --> 06:12:45,769 DR. MESSERLIAN. 8261 06:12:45,769 --> 06:12:47,104 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THE 8262 06:12:47,104 --> 06:12:47,404 INVITATION. 8263 06:12:47,404 --> 06:12:49,807 I'M SO EXCITED TO BE HERE. 8264 06:12:49,807 --> 06:12:51,041 I'M SORRY I COULDN'T BE IN 8265 06:12:51,041 --> 06:12:54,178 PERSON I HAD OTHER TRAVEL 8266 06:12:54,178 --> 06:12:55,612 ARRANGEMENTS THAT IMPEDED FROM 8267 06:12:55,612 --> 06:12:56,647 BEING IN PERSON. 8268 06:12:56,647 --> 06:12:57,915 FIRST AN IMPORTANT POINT RELATED 8269 06:12:57,915 --> 06:12:59,283 TO THE PREVIOUS TALK, I 8270 06:12:59,283 --> 06:13:05,656 APPRECIATE THE HONESTY AND THE 8271 06:13:05,656 --> 06:13:07,324 TRUE HUMANITY BEHIND THAT STORY 8272 06:13:07,324 --> 06:13:08,459 HOW IMPORTANT THAT IS TO 8273 06:13:08,459 --> 06:13:10,160 MOTIVATE US TO REALLY UNDERSTAND 8274 06:13:10,160 --> 06:13:11,695 WHAT WE'RE WORKING WITH HERE. 8275 06:13:11,695 --> 06:13:14,932 WE'VE HAD DECADES OF RESEARCH 8276 06:13:14,932 --> 06:13:18,168 THAT'S SHOWN US THESE CHEMICALS, 8277 06:13:18,168 --> 06:13:20,070 PESTICIDES, PHTHALATES, PHENOLS, 8278 06:13:20,070 --> 06:13:21,739 WHATEVER THE CHEMICAL CLASS IS 8279 06:13:21,739 --> 06:13:23,674 IS HARMING HUMAN HEALTH AND 8280 06:13:23,674 --> 06:13:27,277 GENERATIONAL HEALTH AND HARMING 8281 06:13:27,277 --> 06:13:31,682 THE MOST VULNERABLE IN OUR 8282 06:13:31,682 --> 06:13:32,182 POPULATION. 8283 06:13:32,182 --> 06:13:33,517 THERE'S SO MUCH WE CAN DO. 8284 06:13:33,517 --> 06:13:34,752 WE'RE AT THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG 8285 06:13:34,752 --> 06:13:36,687 AND THE GOAL OF MY PRESENTATION 8286 06:13:36,687 --> 06:13:39,656 IS TO MOTIVATE, INSPIRE AND 8287 06:13:39,656 --> 06:13:42,593 PROVIDE A FRAMEWORK SO YOU CAN 8288 06:13:42,593 --> 06:13:44,595 UNDERSTAND FROM A VERY BIG 8289 06:13:44,595 --> 06:13:45,529 PICTURE WHAT IT IS WE'RE AFTER 8290 06:13:45,529 --> 06:13:47,331 AND WHAT WE NEED TO DO TO SOLVE 8291 06:13:47,331 --> 06:13:50,567 FOR THIS PROBLEM IN A REAL 8292 06:13:50,567 --> 06:13:52,770 SIGNIFICANT WAY AND IT SOUND 8293 06:13:52,770 --> 06:13:54,338 LAUDABLE, IT SOUNDS LOFTY, IT 8294 06:13:54,338 --> 06:13:55,806 SOUNDS LIKE WE CAN NEVER GET 8295 06:13:55,806 --> 06:13:57,508 THERE BUT THERE ARE THINGS WE 8296 06:13:57,508 --> 06:13:58,575 CAN DO. 8297 06:13:58,575 --> 06:14:00,144 EXAMPLE, THE THINGS THIS LADY 8298 06:14:00,144 --> 06:14:01,145 JUST DESCRIBED TO US ARE THINGS 8299 06:14:01,145 --> 06:14:03,280 I MENTION IN MY TALK AND IT'S SO 8300 06:14:03,280 --> 06:14:05,883 BEAUTIFUL TO SEE THE ALIGN MANY 8301 06:14:05,883 --> 06:14:06,884 BETWEEN WHAT THAT PRESENTATION 8302 06:14:06,884 --> 06:14:08,786 TALKED ABOUT AND THE STRATEGIES 8303 06:14:08,786 --> 06:14:10,954 THAT WERE PROPOSED AND WHAT I 8304 06:14:10,954 --> 06:14:12,423 SEE AS THE FUTURE FOR HOW WE'RE 8305 06:14:12,423 --> 06:14:15,325 GOING TO REDUCE THE BURDEN OF 8306 06:14:15,325 --> 06:14:17,461 DISEASE IN THE POPULATION AND IN 8307 06:14:17,461 --> 06:14:19,196 PARTICULAR TO DESCRIBE A PATHWAY 8308 06:14:19,196 --> 06:14:24,635 TO GENERATIONAL HEALTH. 8309 06:14:24,635 --> 06:14:25,402 YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT 8310 06:14:25,402 --> 06:14:25,836 DISCLOSURES. 8311 06:14:25,836 --> 06:14:28,972 I'M FOUNDER OF A COMPANY CALLED 8312 06:14:28,972 --> 06:14:31,008 B SCIENCE INC. I'LL TALK ABOUT 8313 06:14:31,008 --> 06:14:32,509 MORE LATER AND ON THE BOARD OF A 8314 06:14:32,509 --> 06:14:36,513 COMPANY THAT'S PART OF THIS TALK 8315 06:14:36,513 --> 06:14:42,219 AND I'M A SCIENTIFIC ADVISER FOR 8316 06:14:42,219 --> 06:14:43,420 PRESCRIPTIVE FERTILITY. 8317 06:14:43,420 --> 06:14:44,988 I WANT TO SUPPRESS HOW IMPORTANT 8318 06:14:44,988 --> 06:14:47,157 IT IS TO WORK WITH THE PUBLIC 8319 06:14:47,157 --> 06:14:48,625 AND PRIVATE SECTOR AND TO MERGE 8320 06:14:48,625 --> 06:14:50,894 THOSE TWO WORLDS. 8321 06:14:50,894 --> 06:14:52,763 HOW CRITICAL IT IS TO SOLVE POR 8322 06:14:52,763 --> 06:14:53,831 POPULATION HEALTH AND KEEPING 8323 06:14:53,831 --> 06:14:56,867 OURSELVES IN SILOS AND AVOIDING 8324 06:14:56,867 --> 06:14:58,469 WORKING WITH THE PRIVATE SECTOR 8325 06:14:58,469 --> 06:14:59,803 TO BE ABLE TO CREATE SOLUTIONS 8326 06:14:59,803 --> 06:15:01,538 AND TECHNOLOGIES TO ALLOW FOR 8327 06:15:01,538 --> 06:15:03,273 POPULATION HEALTH TO BE ACHIEVED 8328 06:15:03,273 --> 06:15:05,042 AND TRANSLATING THE EVIDENCE WE 8329 06:15:05,042 --> 06:15:07,811 GENERATE THROUGH THE NIH FUNDED 8330 06:15:07,811 --> 06:15:09,746 STUDIES IN HOUSE AND THROUGH 8331 06:15:09,746 --> 06:15:11,381 ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS TO SOLVE 8332 06:15:11,381 --> 06:15:13,417 FOR THE PROBLEM IS THE WAY FOR 8333 06:15:13,417 --> 06:15:15,452 THE FUTURE OF HOW WE'LL GET TO 8334 06:15:15,452 --> 06:15:16,286 GENERATIONAL HEALTH. 8335 06:15:16,286 --> 06:15:18,322 WHY ARE WE FOCUSSING ON 8336 06:15:18,322 --> 06:15:19,156 GENERATIONAL HEALTH? 8337 06:15:19,156 --> 06:15:22,192 WE ALL CARE ABOUT THE CHILDREN 8338 06:15:22,192 --> 06:15:23,994 WE'RE BRINGING IN THE WORLD AND 8339 06:15:23,994 --> 06:15:25,529 THE HEALTH OF THOSE CHILDREN 8340 06:15:25,529 --> 06:15:27,297 WHICH GUIDES THE HEALTH OF THEIR 8341 06:15:27,297 --> 06:15:29,099 CHILDREN AND GRAND CHILDREN. 8342 06:15:29,099 --> 06:15:30,868 THAT'S CRITICAL TO SOLVING FOR 8343 06:15:30,868 --> 06:15:31,969 POPULATION HEALTH. 8344 06:15:31,969 --> 06:15:34,838 WE HEARD A HOST OF TOPICS AND 8345 06:15:34,838 --> 06:15:36,173 STUDIES PRODUCED BY HEATHER AND 8346 06:15:36,173 --> 06:15:38,008 OTHERS THAT TALKED ABOUT HOW 8347 06:15:38,008 --> 06:15:40,477 IMPORTANT CHEMICALS ARE TO 8348 06:15:40,477 --> 06:15:41,545 REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS. 8349 06:15:41,545 --> 06:15:45,382 AFFECTING EPIGENETICS AND 8350 06:15:45,382 --> 06:15:50,154 METABOLOMICS AND AFFECTING 8351 06:15:50,154 --> 06:15:51,855 GENOME TOXICITY AND METABOLIC 8352 06:15:51,855 --> 06:15:52,089 HEALTH. 8353 06:15:52,089 --> 06:15:54,491 THEY IMPACT OUR CHILD'S HEALTH 8354 06:15:54,491 --> 06:15:57,060 AND ABILITY TO HAVE A HEALTHY 8355 06:15:57,060 --> 06:15:57,628 LIFE SPAN. 8356 06:15:57,628 --> 06:15:59,696 HOW CAN WE ACHIEVE GENERATIONAL 8357 06:15:59,696 --> 06:16:00,063 HEALTH? 8358 06:16:00,063 --> 06:16:01,465 WE NEED POPULATION-BASED 8359 06:16:01,465 --> 06:16:01,765 STRATEGIES. 8360 06:16:01,765 --> 06:16:03,734 THAT SHOULD BE THE GOAL FOR EACH 8361 06:16:03,734 --> 06:16:05,235 AND EVERY STUDY TO THINK BIG 8362 06:16:05,235 --> 06:16:06,737 PICTURE ON SOLVING FOR 8363 06:16:06,737 --> 06:16:07,704 POPULATION HEALTH FOR NOT JUST 8364 06:16:07,704 --> 06:16:09,540 THIS GENERATION BUT FOR MULTIPLE 8365 06:16:09,540 --> 06:16:10,440 GENERATIONS AHEAD. 8366 06:16:10,440 --> 06:16:12,276 WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 8367 06:16:12,276 --> 06:16:14,144 WE KNOW THE DEVELOPMENT AND 8368 06:16:14,144 --> 06:16:17,447 ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE 8369 06:16:17,447 --> 06:16:18,916 THEORY IS WIDESPREAD IN THE EDC 8370 06:16:18,916 --> 06:16:19,183 COMMUNITY. 8371 06:16:19,183 --> 06:16:21,518 WE'VE ALL SEEN THE FIGURE THAT 8372 06:16:21,518 --> 06:16:23,220 SHOWS US THE EXPOSURES OF WOMEN 8373 06:16:23,220 --> 06:16:24,888 AND MEN ORE COUPLES TRYING TO 8374 06:16:24,888 --> 06:16:27,691 HAVE BABIES TODAY IMPACTS THE 8375 06:16:27,691 --> 06:16:31,895 HEALTH OF THEIR GRANDCHILD. 8376 06:16:31,895 --> 06:16:34,932 WHAT A COUPLE IS DOING IN THE 8377 06:16:34,932 --> 06:16:36,033 PRECONCEPTION WINDOW OF 8378 06:16:36,033 --> 06:16:38,202 VULNERABILITY IMPACTS THEIR 8379 06:16:38,202 --> 06:16:40,337 GRAND CHILD'S HEALTH SPAN AND 8380 06:16:40,337 --> 06:16:41,371 LIFE SPAN IS POWERFUL. 8381 06:16:41,371 --> 06:16:44,775 THUS, OUR GOAL IS TO EMPOWER 8382 06:16:44,775 --> 06:16:46,343 COUPLES AND INDIVIDUALS TRYING 8383 06:16:46,343 --> 06:16:47,511 TO GET PREGNANT BEFORE THEY 8384 06:16:47,511 --> 06:16:49,379 ACHIEVE PREGNANCY TO ALLOW THEM 8385 06:16:49,379 --> 06:16:53,550 TO DECREASE THEIR BODY BURDEN 8386 06:16:53,550 --> 06:16:54,218 EXPOSURE AND ENHANCE HEALTH AND 8387 06:16:54,218 --> 06:16:55,752 NUTRITION TO CREATE THE BEST 8388 06:16:55,752 --> 06:16:57,721 EGGS AND SPERM TO FORM THE 8389 06:16:57,721 --> 06:16:59,923 OFFSPRING THAT CREATE THE EGGS 8390 06:16:59,923 --> 06:17:02,793 THAT CREATE THEIR GRANDCHILD. 8391 06:17:02,793 --> 06:17:07,598 THIS A POWERFUL THOUGHT. 8392 06:17:07,598 --> 06:17:09,066 MOTIVATION FOR HEALTH GOALS. 8393 06:17:09,066 --> 06:17:10,534 WILL CONCEPTION BEGINS IN YOUR 8394 06:17:10,534 --> 06:17:12,336 GRANDPARENTS AND POSSIBLY 8395 06:17:12,336 --> 06:17:12,836 BEFORE. 8396 06:17:12,836 --> 06:17:14,705 EARLY LIFE ENVIRONMENTS ARE 8397 06:17:14,705 --> 06:17:15,038 GENERATIONAL. 8398 06:17:15,038 --> 06:17:17,674 THE SOCIAL, NATURAL AND BUILT 8399 06:17:17,674 --> 06:17:19,276 ENVIRONMENTS COMBINE AND 8400 06:17:19,276 --> 06:17:22,412 INTERSECT TO IMPACT REPRODUCTIVE 8401 06:17:22,412 --> 06:17:25,015 HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN AND 8402 06:17:25,015 --> 06:17:27,084 THE COMPLEX EXPOSOME IMPACT THE 8403 06:17:27,084 --> 06:17:29,086 HEALTH SPAN OF THAT CHILD AND 8404 06:17:29,086 --> 06:17:31,255 THE LIFE SPAN HOW LONG THEY LIVE 8405 06:17:31,255 --> 06:17:34,591 AND HOW HEALTHY THEY LIVE. 8406 06:17:34,591 --> 06:17:36,093 THIS IS AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK 8407 06:17:36,093 --> 06:17:37,661 FOR GENERATIONAL HEALTH I CAME 8408 06:17:37,661 --> 06:17:38,762 UP AT HARVARD AND IT'S 8409 06:17:38,762 --> 06:17:39,997 IMPORTANT. 8410 06:17:39,997 --> 06:17:41,798 IT'S A SIMPLIFIED FRAMEWORK BUT 8411 06:17:41,798 --> 06:17:44,468 FOCUSSED ON PREVENTION AND EARLY 8412 06:17:44,468 --> 06:17:44,801 INTERVENTION. 8413 06:17:44,801 --> 06:17:46,370 WHERE WE FOCUS ATTENTION IS 8414 06:17:46,370 --> 06:17:48,505 THROUGH PREVENTION AND EARLY 8415 06:17:48,505 --> 06:17:49,506 INTERVENTION IN EARLY LIFE. 8416 06:17:49,506 --> 06:17:51,708 THAT WINDOW OF VULNERABILITY IN 8417 06:17:51,708 --> 06:17:52,909 COUPLES TRYING TO GET PREGNANT 8418 06:17:52,909 --> 06:17:58,348 BEFORE THEY GET PREGNANT AND THE 8419 06:17:58,348 --> 06:18:00,717 PRECEPTION WINDOW IS WHERE WE 8420 06:18:00,717 --> 06:18:02,185 CAN IMPACT THE HEALTH OF FUTURE 8421 06:18:02,185 --> 06:18:02,486 GENERATIONS. 8422 06:18:02,486 --> 06:18:07,157 IT'S A WINDOW OF VULNERABILITY 8423 06:18:07,157 --> 06:18:07,658 AND OPPORTUNITY. 8424 06:18:07,658 --> 06:18:10,060 THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT INTERSECT 8425 06:18:10,060 --> 06:18:12,095 AND REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IS A 8426 06:18:12,095 --> 06:18:15,265 COMBINATION OF ENVIRONMENT AND 8427 06:18:15,265 --> 06:18:18,201 BIOLOGY, E TIMES G IS WHAT MAKES 8428 06:18:18,201 --> 06:18:19,603 US HEALTHY OR UNHEALTHY. 8429 06:18:19,603 --> 06:18:22,172 WE SPEND DECADES STUDYING THE 8430 06:18:22,172 --> 06:18:26,209 GONE OME AND MAPPING OUT THE 8431 06:18:26,209 --> 06:18:30,013 GENOME AND FIGURING OUT HOW TO 8432 06:18:30,013 --> 06:18:31,615 ENGINEER THE GENOME AND HAVEN'T 8433 06:18:31,615 --> 06:18:33,216 INVESTED IN ENGINEERING OR 8434 06:18:33,216 --> 06:18:35,719 TAILOR OUR ENVIRONMENT AND OUR 8435 06:18:35,719 --> 06:18:37,120 ENVIRONMENT IS WHAT CREATES 8436 06:18:37,120 --> 06:18:38,388 PRODUCTIVE SUCCESS THROUGH 8437 06:18:38,388 --> 06:18:40,891 MECHANISMS OF SURVIVAL AND 8438 06:18:40,891 --> 06:18:43,760 EXPRESSION OF THE GENOME THROUGH 8439 06:18:43,760 --> 06:18:45,262 EPIGENETIC MARK PERCENT. 8440 06:18:45,262 --> 06:18:45,862 THERE'S REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS 8441 06:18:45,862 --> 06:18:47,431 THROUGH ABERRATION OR 8442 06:18:47,431 --> 06:18:49,099 ADAPTATION. 8443 06:18:49,099 --> 06:18:50,901 THIS IS THE TOTAL EXPOSOME 8444 06:18:50,901 --> 06:18:52,202 BEHAVIOR AND LIFESTYLE AND WHAT 8445 06:18:52,202 --> 06:18:55,839 YOU'RE BORN WITH, YOUR GENETIC. 8446 06:18:55,839 --> 06:18:57,374 HEALTH AND DISEASE ACROSS LIFE 8447 06:18:57,374 --> 06:18:58,108 SPAN. 8448 06:18:58,108 --> 06:18:59,476 THE MORE OR LESS EXPOSED YOU ARE 8449 06:18:59,476 --> 06:19:03,613 WILL IMPACT YOUR LONGEVITY AND 8450 06:19:03,613 --> 06:19:05,315 VARIOUS MECHANISMS INCLUDING 8451 06:19:05,315 --> 06:19:07,317 REPRODUCTIVE AGING OR BIOLOGICAL 8452 06:19:07,317 --> 06:19:09,619 AGING WHICH HAS ONLY BEEN 8453 06:19:09,619 --> 06:19:11,621 TOUCHED UPON. 8454 06:19:11,621 --> 06:19:13,857 WHY MITIGATE EDCs FOR 8455 06:19:13,857 --> 06:19:14,658 GENERATIONAL HEALTH? 8456 06:19:14,658 --> 06:19:17,994 WE HEARD TODAY A HOST OF STUDIES 8457 06:19:17,994 --> 06:19:20,630 AND PUBLISHED DATA ACROSS THE 8458 06:19:20,630 --> 06:19:23,266 GLOBE THAT TELLS US THERE'S 8459 06:19:23,266 --> 06:19:24,835 REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS AND 8460 06:19:24,835 --> 06:19:27,270 DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS AND 8461 06:19:27,270 --> 06:19:28,472 METABOLIC EFFECTS AND THIS HAS 8462 06:19:28,472 --> 06:19:29,339 BEEN ESTABLISHED. 8463 06:19:29,339 --> 06:19:32,209 WE DON'T NEED MORE EVIDENCE TO 8464 06:19:32,209 --> 06:19:37,881 KNOW THESE CHEMICALS AND THESE 8465 06:19:37,881 --> 06:19:39,850 ENVIRONMENTAL ENDOCRINE 8466 06:19:39,850 --> 06:19:41,585 DISRUPTING CHEMICALS HARM HUMAN 8467 06:19:41,585 --> 06:19:41,952 HEALTH. 8468 06:19:41,952 --> 06:19:42,886 WE NEED TO SOLVE FOR THAT. 8469 06:19:42,886 --> 06:19:46,523 I HAVE A PROPOSED IDEA WHICH IS 8470 06:19:46,523 --> 06:19:48,091 IN ADDITION TO GENERATING 8471 06:19:48,091 --> 06:19:49,259 RESEARCH, GENERATING EVIDENCE 8472 06:19:49,259 --> 06:19:51,228 AND LOOKING AT MECHANISMS AND 8473 06:19:51,228 --> 06:19:52,396 CAUSAL PATHWAYS THEY'RE ALL 8474 06:19:52,396 --> 06:19:54,064 IMPORTANT BUT WHAT WE REALLY 8475 06:19:54,064 --> 06:19:58,735 NEED TO DO IS FOCUS ON TOP-DOWN 8476 06:19:58,735 --> 06:20:01,638 AND BUT OM-UP APPROACHES AND 8477 06:20:01,638 --> 06:20:03,173 WE'VE TALKED ABOUT MITIGATION. 8478 06:20:03,173 --> 06:20:05,509 WE KNOW WHAT THESE LOOK LIKE. 8479 06:20:05,509 --> 06:20:08,211 THEY'RE INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES 8480 06:20:08,211 --> 06:20:10,781 OR EPA GUIDELINES ABOUT 8481 06:20:10,781 --> 06:20:11,314 ADVANCING POLICY THROUGH 8482 06:20:11,314 --> 06:20:12,582 DIFFERENT MECHANISMS WE HAVE 8483 06:20:12,582 --> 06:20:15,285 ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND 8484 06:20:15,285 --> 06:20:16,086 INTERNATIONALLY THROUGH 8485 06:20:16,086 --> 06:20:17,454 INTERNATIONAL BODIES. 8486 06:20:17,454 --> 06:20:19,156 LOOKING AT OUR NEIGHBORS ACROSS 8487 06:20:19,156 --> 06:20:20,957 THE POND IN EUROPE AND WHAT 8488 06:20:20,957 --> 06:20:23,260 THEY'RE DOING AND STUDYING AND 8489 06:20:23,260 --> 06:20:24,327 HOW REGULATIONS THERE MIGHT 8490 06:20:24,327 --> 06:20:25,929 IMPACT HEALTH AND HOW COULD WE 8491 06:20:25,929 --> 06:20:27,230 BORROW AND UNDERSTAND THE 8492 06:20:27,230 --> 06:20:30,667 RESEARCH AND PROPOSED POLICIES 8493 06:20:30,667 --> 06:20:32,702 THEY'VE IMPLEMENTED AND HOW CAN 8494 06:20:32,702 --> 06:20:33,937 WE BORROW SOME AND BRING IT INTO 8495 06:20:33,937 --> 06:20:34,938 THE UNITED STATES. 8496 06:20:34,938 --> 06:20:41,411 WE NEED TO KEEP INVESTING AND 8497 06:20:41,411 --> 06:20:43,046 NIH NEEDS TO HELP INVEST IN 8498 06:20:43,046 --> 06:20:46,249 STUDIES TO HELP US UNDERSTAND. 8499 06:20:46,249 --> 06:20:46,716 BOTTOM-UP. 8500 06:20:46,716 --> 06:20:50,187 WE NEED TO FOCUS CRITICALLY ON 8501 06:20:50,187 --> 06:20:51,021 CONSUMER BEHAVIOR. 8502 06:20:51,021 --> 06:20:53,089 ON STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY 8503 06:20:53,089 --> 06:20:54,758 RESILIENCE AND INVESTMENT AND 8504 06:20:54,758 --> 06:20:57,394 PRIVATE SECTOR AND NEW 8505 06:20:57,394 --> 06:20:58,762 TECHNOLOGY AND THE PREVIOUS 8506 06:20:58,762 --> 06:21:01,598 SPEAKER COVERED ALL THESE THREE 8507 06:21:01,598 --> 06:21:03,033 THINGS I FOUND INCREDIBLE SHE 8508 06:21:03,033 --> 06:21:04,968 WAS ABLE TO TAP ON CONSUMER 8509 06:21:04,968 --> 06:21:05,235 BEHAVIOR. 8510 06:21:05,235 --> 06:21:06,736 WE HAVE CONSUMER POWER. 8511 06:21:06,736 --> 06:21:07,771 USE THAT POWER. 8512 06:21:07,771 --> 06:21:09,573 WE CAN STRENGTHEN COMMUNITIES AT 8513 06:21:09,573 --> 06:21:10,941 RISK AND VULNERABLE. 8514 06:21:10,941 --> 06:21:12,876 HOW DO WE DO THAT AND EDUCATE 8515 06:21:12,876 --> 06:21:13,210 THEM? 8516 06:21:13,210 --> 06:21:15,178 HOW DO WE BRING THE COMMUNITIES 8517 06:21:15,178 --> 06:21:17,547 TO STRENGTHEN THEIR CAPACITY TO 8518 06:21:17,547 --> 06:21:19,249 SOLVE FOR THEIR OWN COMMUNITY 8519 06:21:19,249 --> 06:21:19,483 ISSUES? 8520 06:21:19,483 --> 06:21:21,051 AND CRITICALLY, INVESTMENT IN 8521 06:21:21,051 --> 06:21:23,920 PRIVATE SECTOR AND NEW 8522 06:21:23,920 --> 06:21:24,955 TECHNOLOGIES. 8523 06:21:24,955 --> 06:21:25,555 STRENGTHENING TIES WITH 8524 06:21:25,555 --> 06:21:26,356 COMPANIES ALREADY DEVELOPING 8525 06:21:26,356 --> 06:21:28,658 THROUGH START-UPS, PRODUCTS, 8526 06:21:28,658 --> 06:21:29,659 SOLUTIONS, TECHNOLOGIES, 8527 06:21:29,659 --> 06:21:31,695 INNOVATIONS TO HELP SOLVE FOR 8528 06:21:31,695 --> 06:21:32,529 PROBLEMS IN WAYS WE'VE NOT 8529 06:21:32,529 --> 06:21:37,767 THOUGHT OF IN THE ACADEMIC 8530 06:21:37,767 --> 06:21:38,001 SETTING. 8531 06:21:38,001 --> 06:21:39,269 SWOT ANALYSIS INCLUDES 8532 06:21:39,269 --> 06:21:39,536 STRENGTHS. 8533 06:21:39,536 --> 06:21:42,906 THEY INCLUDE INCREASE PUBLIC 8534 06:21:42,906 --> 06:21:45,041 AWARENESS ON THE SCIENTIFIC 8535 06:21:45,041 --> 06:21:46,610 UNDERSTANDING OF THE PUBLISHING 8536 06:21:46,610 --> 06:21:48,311 OF PAPERS IN JOURNALS. 8537 06:21:48,311 --> 06:21:50,180 HOW DO WE GET THAT EVIDENCE TO 8538 06:21:50,180 --> 06:21:53,450 PEOPLE'S HANDS TO HEAR IT, SEE 8539 06:21:53,450 --> 06:21:56,052 IT, DIGEST IT THROUGH MEDIA AND 8540 06:21:56,052 --> 06:21:59,289 OTHER S DISTILLED DOWN TO 8541 06:21:59,289 --> 06:22:00,857 SIMPLIFIED FORMS. 8542 06:22:00,857 --> 06:22:03,260 IT'S DIFFICULT TO AVOID EXPOSURE 8543 06:22:03,260 --> 06:22:04,594 AND MANAGE EXPOSURE WHEN THERE'S 8544 06:22:04,594 --> 06:22:07,330 SO MANY CHEMICAL GROUPS. 8545 06:22:07,330 --> 06:22:09,366 WE'RE EXPOSED TO A MULTITUDE OF 8546 06:22:09,366 --> 06:22:10,500 THINGS ACROSS THE DAY. 8547 06:22:10,500 --> 06:22:12,369 HOW DO WE INVOLVE FOR THIS AND 8548 06:22:12,369 --> 06:22:14,204 REDUCE OUR BODY BURDEN TO REDUCE 8549 06:22:14,204 --> 06:22:15,372 THE TOTALITY OF WHAT WE'RE 8550 06:22:15,372 --> 06:22:17,007 EXPOSED TO INSTEAD OF FOCUSSING 8551 06:22:17,007 --> 06:22:18,909 ON ONE CHEMICAL AT A TIME WHICH 8552 06:22:18,909 --> 06:22:21,478 IS WHERE THE STUDIES HAVE LIED. 8553 06:22:21,478 --> 06:22:23,046 THE OPPORTUNITY IS TO DEVELOP 8554 06:22:23,046 --> 06:22:25,949 STRICTER POLICIES ANDFIDE HINES, 8555 06:22:25,949 --> 06:22:27,884 TO DO THINGS SUCH AS ADVOCATE AT 8556 06:22:27,884 --> 06:22:31,888 YOUR STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 8557 06:22:31,888 --> 06:22:33,456 FOR BILLS IN ACTION TODAY THAT 8558 06:22:33,456 --> 06:22:35,292 CAN HELP IN YOUR COMMUNITY 8559 06:22:35,292 --> 06:22:38,094 CHANGE WHAT YOUR CHILDREN ARE 8560 06:22:38,094 --> 06:22:43,166 EXPOSED TO AND I'LL GIVE 8561 06:22:43,166 --> 06:22:44,200 EXAMPLES LATER. 8562 06:22:44,200 --> 06:22:46,636 SOME THREATS IS TO KEEP 8563 06:22:46,636 --> 06:22:49,105 PRODUCING THESE IN MILLIONS OF 8564 06:22:49,105 --> 06:22:49,940 TONS PER YEAR. 8565 06:22:49,940 --> 06:22:57,147 WE'RE SO MRIMLIMITED OF HOW WE 8566 06:22:57,147 --> 06:23:01,284 THESE BACK OUT AND WHAT CAN WE 8567 06:23:01,284 --> 06:23:04,054 DO AS PEOPLE IN THIS SPACE THAT 8568 06:23:04,054 --> 06:23:08,925 ARE TRYING TO SOLVE FOR THIS. 8569 06:23:08,925 --> 06:23:11,094 CHALLENGING LANDSCAPE, THE 8570 06:23:11,094 --> 06:23:13,897 GLOBAL BURDEN OF THESE CHEMICALS 8571 06:23:13,897 --> 06:23:14,798 IS WIDESPREAD. 8572 06:23:14,798 --> 06:23:19,269 IT'S ACROSS THE GLOBE AND HARD 8573 06:23:19,269 --> 06:23:23,873 TO SOLVE FOR AND FEELS SO 8574 06:23:23,873 --> 06:23:24,307 LIMITING. 8575 06:23:24,307 --> 06:23:25,775 THE ROOTS OF EXPOSURE ARE 8576 06:23:25,775 --> 06:23:27,277 ABUNDANT AND HOW TO SOLVE FOR 8577 06:23:27,277 --> 06:23:30,847 THIS AND THEN THINK ABOUT THE 8578 06:23:30,847 --> 06:23:33,650 POPULATION AND THE VULNERABLE 8579 06:23:33,650 --> 06:23:34,050 HIGH-RISK GROUPS. 8580 06:23:34,050 --> 06:23:35,819 WE NEED A POPULATION-BASED 8581 06:23:35,819 --> 06:23:37,954 APPROACH SO THAT'S BASED ON THE 8582 06:23:37,954 --> 06:23:39,255 STRATEGIES THAT PREVENTIVE 8583 06:23:39,255 --> 06:23:43,893 MEDICINE BY JEFFERY ROSE 8584 06:23:43,893 --> 06:23:45,028 TARGETING THE WHOLE POPULATION 8585 06:23:45,028 --> 06:23:47,263 AND LOOKING AT THE HIGH RISK 8586 06:23:47,263 --> 06:23:50,867 GROUPS AND HOW DO WE TRIAGE TO 8587 06:23:50,867 --> 06:23:53,336 IDENTIFY STRATEGIES SPECIFICALLY 8588 06:23:53,336 --> 06:23:54,471 FOR THE SPECIFIC GROUPS. 8589 06:23:54,471 --> 06:23:56,039 I'LL LOOK AT CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 8590 06:23:56,039 --> 06:23:57,374 AND AGENCY OF CONTROL. 8591 06:23:57,374 --> 06:23:59,275 THIS IS A PLACE WE HAVE POWER. 8592 06:23:59,275 --> 06:24:02,012 EVERY ONE OF US HAS THE POWER TO 8593 06:24:02,012 --> 06:24:03,513 CHOOSE EVERY DAY WHAT WE PERFECT 8594 06:24:03,513 --> 06:24:07,317 AND BUY AND BRING INTO OUR 8595 06:24:07,317 --> 06:24:08,885 HOMES. 8596 06:24:08,885 --> 06:24:11,454 OOPS, SLOWER, I GOT THE MESSAGE. 8597 06:24:11,454 --> 06:24:13,523 EVERY PERSON IN THE COUNTRY 8598 06:24:13,523 --> 06:24:17,093 WHETHER YOU'RE RICH OR POOR 8599 06:24:17,093 --> 06:24:18,361 MAKES CHOICES. 8600 06:24:18,361 --> 06:24:20,497 SADLY AND TRUTHFULLY INDIVIDUALS 8601 06:24:20,497 --> 06:24:22,499 THAT HAVE LESS RESOURCES HAVE 8602 06:24:22,499 --> 06:24:24,534 LIMITED CONTROL OVER THEIR 8603 06:24:24,534 --> 06:24:26,236 ENVIRONMENT BECAUSE THEY MAY NOT 8604 06:24:26,236 --> 06:24:28,238 HAVE ACCESS TO CERTAIN TYPES OF 8605 06:24:28,238 --> 06:24:30,006 CHOICES IN THEIR COMMUNITY AND 8606 06:24:30,006 --> 06:24:32,208 SOME STUDIES BY COLLEAGUES OF 8607 06:24:32,208 --> 06:24:38,248 MINE AT LAR ADVISORIED HAVE 8608 06:24:38,248 --> 06:24:40,517 SHOWN WITHIN LOWER SOCIO 8609 06:24:40,517 --> 06:24:41,584 ECONOMIC NEIGHBORHOODS THERE'S 8610 06:24:41,584 --> 06:24:42,752 HIRE CHEMICALS. 8611 06:24:42,752 --> 06:24:44,220 THESE ARE CONCERNS BUT WE CAN 8612 06:24:44,220 --> 06:24:45,288 EDUCATE AND SUPPORT AND GUIDE. 8613 06:24:45,288 --> 06:24:46,389 THERE ARE THINGS WE CAN DO. 8614 06:24:46,389 --> 06:24:47,357 I'LL GET TO THOSE SOLUTIONS IN A 8615 06:24:47,357 --> 06:24:49,626 FEW MINUTES. 8616 06:24:49,626 --> 06:24:50,894 WE'VE TALKED ABOUT SOME OF THESE 8617 06:24:50,894 --> 06:24:53,096 TODAY HOW CAN WE CONTROL AND CAN 8618 06:24:53,096 --> 06:24:55,265 WE CONTROL EDC EXPOSURE IS THIS 8619 06:24:55,265 --> 06:24:59,269 POSSIBLE? 8620 06:24:59,269 --> 06:25:05,041 WE KNOW THERE'S PLASTICS AND 8621 06:25:05,041 --> 06:25:11,981 PHTHALATES AND WE KNOW ABOUT A 8622 06:25:11,981 --> 06:25:13,717 LOT OF THESE THINGS ZANE. 8623 06:25:13,717 --> 06:25:15,251 CAN WE CONTROL EDC EXPOSURE? 8624 06:25:15,251 --> 06:25:17,387 IS THERE SOMETHING WE CAN DO? 8625 06:25:17,387 --> 06:25:19,255 DO WE NEED TO TARGET A CLASS OR 8626 06:25:19,255 --> 06:25:21,024 LOOK AT THE BIG PICTURE AND TRY 8627 06:25:21,024 --> 06:25:22,192 TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ON HOW 8628 06:25:22,192 --> 06:25:24,627 THEY CAN REDUCE THEIR BODY 8629 06:25:24,627 --> 06:25:25,762 BURDEN ACROSS THE DAY AND 8630 06:25:25,762 --> 06:25:29,132 STRATEGIES FOR NA. 8631 06:25:29,132 --> 06:25:32,268 -- FOR THAT. 8632 06:25:32,268 --> 06:25:33,703 COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE ARE 8633 06:25:33,703 --> 06:25:35,171 SOME AREAS OF CONTROL AND 8634 06:25:35,171 --> 06:25:36,539 HOUSEHOLD AND ENVIRONMENTAL 8635 06:25:36,539 --> 06:25:39,275 EXPOSURES AND CLEANING PRODUCTS 8636 06:25:39,275 --> 06:25:43,279 AND FURNITURE AND ELECTRONS AND 8637 06:25:43,279 --> 06:25:45,615 WATER QUALITY AND THE FOOD WE 8638 06:25:45,615 --> 06:25:48,585 EAT AND WATER WE DRINK. 8639 06:25:48,585 --> 06:25:51,254 WE HAVE OPPORTUNITIES HERE. 8640 06:25:51,254 --> 06:25:52,255 WATER FILTRATION SYSTEMS. 8641 06:25:52,255 --> 06:25:54,357 CONCERNS AROUND BOTTLED AND 8642 06:25:54,357 --> 06:25:55,725 WATER AND SAFE WATER ADVISORIES 8643 06:25:55,725 --> 06:25:57,861 ARE THINGS WE HAVE SOME LEVEL OF 8644 06:25:57,861 --> 06:26:00,096 EDUCATION INFORMATION WE CAN 8645 06:26:00,096 --> 06:26:00,530 CONTROL. 8646 06:26:00,530 --> 06:26:04,567 WE HEARD BY MY DOCTORAL STUDENT 8647 06:26:04,567 --> 06:26:06,870 AND OTHERS SAYING DIETARY 8648 06:26:06,870 --> 06:26:07,837 EXPOSURES, SUPPLEMENTS, 8649 06:26:07,837 --> 06:26:11,274 VITAMINS, THINGS WE CAN TAKE IN 8650 06:26:11,274 --> 06:26:13,810 THE MICROBIOME WE MAY BE ABLE TO 8651 06:26:13,810 --> 06:26:20,784 INGEST THAT MAY FLOURISH OUR 8652 06:26:20,784 --> 06:26:26,289 MICROBIOME MAY PROTECT US. 8653 06:26:26,289 --> 06:26:33,129 WE HEARD PRIOR LOCAL FOODS MAY 8654 06:26:33,129 --> 06:26:35,031 REDUCE EXPOSURE TO CERTAIN 8655 06:26:35,031 --> 06:26:36,933 PEOPLE WHO ARE KNOWLEDGEABLE HOW 8656 06:26:36,933 --> 06:26:38,268 THE OPPORTUNITIES MAY IMPACT 8657 06:26:38,268 --> 06:26:42,105 THEIR HEALTH. 8658 06:26:42,105 --> 06:26:47,177 FOOD PREPARATION AND STORAGE ARE 8659 06:26:47,177 --> 06:26:48,678 WAYS TO HAVE IMPACT. 8660 06:26:48,678 --> 06:26:52,048 THIS IS THE BOTTOM-UP 8661 06:26:52,048 --> 06:26:52,348 APPROACHES. 8662 06:26:52,348 --> 06:26:52,982 THEY'RE ABOUT PERSONAL CARE 8663 06:26:52,982 --> 06:26:56,753 HOUSEHOLD STRATEGIES THAT WE CAN 8664 06:26:56,753 --> 06:26:58,354 HELP INFORM, EMPOWER, EDUCATE, 8665 06:26:58,354 --> 06:27:01,391 DIFFERENT GROUPS OF INDIVIDUALS 8666 06:27:01,391 --> 06:27:03,359 IN OUR COUNTRY TO HAVE THE 8667 06:27:03,359 --> 06:27:04,661 KNOWLEDGE TO CHOOSE BETTER AND 8668 06:27:04,661 --> 06:27:05,995 THEN TELL YOU ABOUT PEOPLE 8669 06:27:05,995 --> 06:27:06,930 BUILDING THESE IN THE COMMUNITY 8670 06:27:06,930 --> 06:27:11,267 IN START-UPS AND OTHER PLACES. 8671 06:27:11,267 --> 06:27:12,735 WE CAN IDENTIFY HARMFUL 8672 06:27:12,735 --> 06:27:14,170 INGREDIENTS AND ENCOURAGE PEOPLE 8673 06:27:14,170 --> 06:27:15,939 TO LOOK FOR CERTAIN LABELS. 8674 06:27:15,939 --> 06:27:17,874 WE CAN TALK ABOUT NATURE AND 8675 06:27:17,874 --> 06:27:19,275 ORGANIC OPTIONS AN TALK ABOUT 8676 06:27:19,275 --> 06:27:20,944 PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS AND DIY 8677 06:27:20,944 --> 06:27:24,013 METHODS OF MAKING YOUR OWN HOME 8678 06:27:24,013 --> 06:27:26,282 CARE AND HOME CLEANING PRODUCT. 8679 06:27:26,282 --> 06:27:27,951 THERE'S ECO FRIENDLY PRODUCTS 8680 06:27:27,951 --> 06:27:29,185 OUT THERE. 8681 06:27:29,185 --> 06:27:32,889 WHAT DO THOSE LABELS AND 8682 06:27:32,889 --> 06:27:35,258 PRODUCTS LOOK LIKE? 8683 06:27:35,258 --> 06:27:37,026 PROPER VENTILATION. 8684 06:27:37,026 --> 06:27:38,494 AS THE WE HOST OF CHEMICALS 8685 06:27:38,494 --> 06:27:40,330 BECAUSE IT GETS PICKED UP IN THE 8686 06:27:40,330 --> 06:27:42,265 DUST AND THE DUST ENTERS OUR 8687 06:27:42,265 --> 06:27:43,933 LUNGS AND BECOMES A SOURCE OF 8688 06:27:43,933 --> 06:27:45,168 EXPOSURE. 8689 06:27:45,168 --> 06:27:46,336 REGULAR MAINTENANCE OF HOUSEHOLD 8690 06:27:46,336 --> 06:27:49,239 ITEMS AND CLEANING IS A GREAT 8691 06:27:49,239 --> 06:27:50,306 STRATEGY, MOPPING YOUR FLOORS IS 8692 06:27:50,306 --> 06:27:53,743 A GREAT WAY OF REDUCING DUST. 8693 06:27:53,743 --> 06:27:55,678 SELECTING NON-TOXIC MATERIALS 8694 06:27:55,678 --> 06:27:58,548 WHEN PURCHASING FURNISHING OR 8695 06:27:58,548 --> 06:28:00,116 DECOR AND THINGS IN YOUR 8696 06:28:00,116 --> 06:28:01,251 HOUSEHOLD. 8697 06:28:01,251 --> 06:28:02,385 AVOIDING PRODUCTS THAT WE KNOW 8698 06:28:02,385 --> 06:28:06,456 HAVE PFAS AND FLAME RETARDANTS. 8699 06:28:06,456 --> 06:28:08,958 ONE SOURCE ARE THE MATTRESSES 8700 06:28:08,958 --> 06:28:09,692 WITH BUY. 8701 06:28:09,692 --> 06:28:10,793 THERE'S BETTER SOLUTIONS THAT 8702 06:28:10,793 --> 06:28:12,128 ARE AFFORDABLE. 8703 06:28:12,128 --> 06:28:13,897 MAYBE NOT PERFECT OR COMPLETELY 8704 06:28:13,897 --> 06:28:15,131 CHEMICAL FREE BUT AFFORDABLE AND 8705 06:28:15,131 --> 06:28:17,000 HAVE LESS CHEMICALS 8706 06:28:17,000 --> 06:28:19,269 CONCENTRATION OF CERTAIN ONES WE 8707 06:28:19,269 --> 06:28:20,870 KNOW HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED TO BE 8708 06:28:20,870 --> 06:28:23,606 PROBLEMATIC AND LOOKING AT 8709 06:28:23,606 --> 06:28:24,741 SUSTAINABLE CHOICES. 8710 06:28:24,741 --> 06:28:25,642 OUR TECHNOLOGY IS ANOTHER SOURCE 8711 06:28:25,642 --> 06:28:26,476 OF EXPOSURE. 8712 06:28:26,476 --> 06:28:28,111 THE ELECTRONIC DEVICES WE HOLD 8713 06:28:28,111 --> 06:28:30,346 IN OUR HANDS ALL DAY LONG ARE A 8714 06:28:30,346 --> 06:28:33,149 SOURCE OF DERMAL EXPOSURE TO THE 8715 06:28:33,149 --> 06:28:36,452 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS. 8716 06:28:36,452 --> 06:28:40,356 REDUCING YOUR SCREEN TIME IS 8717 06:28:40,356 --> 06:28:43,059 HARD FOR SOME BUT HOW DO WE DO 8718 06:28:43,059 --> 06:28:43,259 THAT? 8719 06:28:43,259 --> 06:28:44,327 AWARENESS OF EMERGING 8720 06:28:44,327 --> 06:28:46,229 TECHNOLOGIES AND BUILD THAT UP 8721 06:28:46,229 --> 06:28:51,000 IN A WAY TO MAKE THOSE PRODUCTS 8722 06:28:51,000 --> 06:28:55,672 ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE ACROSS 8723 06:28:55,672 --> 06:28:56,906 THE POPULATION. 8724 06:28:56,906 --> 06:29:05,048 NEXT POLICY AND COMMUNITY 8725 06:29:05,048 --> 06:29:05,381 INTERVENTION. 8726 06:29:05,381 --> 06:29:07,283 AND THERE'S A VOLUNTEER JOB I 8727 06:29:07,283 --> 06:29:09,218 DO. 8728 06:29:09,218 --> 06:29:15,258 I TESTIFY FOR BILLS IN THE 8729 06:29:15,258 --> 06:29:18,995 MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATURE IN THE 8730 06:29:18,995 --> 06:29:19,929 LOCAL COMMUNITY TOWN HALL 8731 06:29:19,929 --> 06:29:24,133 MEETINGS ON THINGS LIKE 8732 06:29:24,133 --> 06:29:25,868 PESTICIDE USE IN THE BROOKLINE 8733 06:29:25,868 --> 06:29:28,004 SCHOOL DISTRICT LAWN CARE. 8734 06:29:28,004 --> 06:29:32,075 THEY'RE USING ROUNDUP AND OTHER 8735 06:29:32,075 --> 06:29:34,110 PRODUCTS IN THE GARDEN WHERE OUR 8736 06:29:34,110 --> 06:29:35,878 CHILDREN GO SCHOOL AND WE 8737 06:29:35,878 --> 06:29:36,813 TESTIFY ON THESE TYPE OF BILLS 8738 06:29:36,813 --> 06:29:38,815 AND PROPOSALS TO STOP THAT 8739 06:29:38,815 --> 06:29:41,184 PRACTICE BECAUSE IT'S BEEN DONE 8740 06:29:41,184 --> 06:29:42,885 FOR 20 YEARS. 8741 06:29:42,885 --> 06:29:44,253 IT TAKES PEOPLE AND A COMMUNED 8742 06:29:44,253 --> 06:29:46,589 TO UNDERSTAND THE RISK TO THEIR 8743 06:29:46,589 --> 06:29:47,957 CHILDREN AND THEN TO ACT ON THAT 8744 06:29:47,957 --> 06:29:50,793 RISK THROUGH ENGAGING WITH 8745 06:29:50,793 --> 06:29:55,264 PEOPLE THAT ARE EXPERTS LIKE 8746 06:29:55,264 --> 06:29:56,332 SCIENTISTS, ACADEMICS AND 8747 06:29:56,332 --> 06:29:57,700 PRESENTATION THEM ON BOARD AND 8748 06:29:57,700 --> 06:30:00,636 HELP THEM TWO TO THE STATE 8749 06:30:00,636 --> 06:30:00,837 HOUSE. 8750 06:30:00,837 --> 06:30:02,705 THERE'S AN OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE 8751 06:30:02,705 --> 06:30:07,844 DIRECT IMPACT TO TRY TO DO A 8752 06:30:07,844 --> 06:30:10,646 TOP-DOWN APPROACH AND HAS THE 8753 06:30:10,646 --> 06:30:15,351 POTENTIAL TO HAVE WIDESPREAD 8754 06:30:15,351 --> 06:30:18,421 POPULATION EFFECTS. 8755 06:30:18,421 --> 06:30:20,189 I'M ALMOST SORT OF DONE AND 8756 06:30:20,189 --> 06:30:21,924 SLOWING DOWN. 8757 06:30:21,924 --> 06:30:23,292 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS. 8758 06:30:23,292 --> 06:30:24,427 THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND 8759 06:30:24,427 --> 06:30:25,128 CORPORATIONS AND INVESTIGATORS 8760 06:30:25,128 --> 06:30:28,064 AND START-UPS. 8761 06:30:28,064 --> 06:30:29,665 I'VE BEEN INVITED TO HOST IN 8762 06:30:29,665 --> 06:30:32,201 START-UPS INNOVATING IN THIS 8763 06:30:32,201 --> 06:30:34,470 SPACE DEVELOPING NEW 8764 06:30:34,470 --> 06:30:37,240 TECHNOLOGIES, REPLACEMENT 8765 06:30:37,240 --> 06:30:38,307 PLASTICS, FOR EXAMPLE, 8766 06:30:38,307 --> 06:30:39,375 REPLACEMENT PRODUCTS TO FILTER 8767 06:30:39,375 --> 06:30:40,276 YOUR WATER. 8768 06:30:40,276 --> 06:30:42,078 WAYS TO THINK OUR SCIENCE WE 8769 06:30:42,078 --> 06:30:44,313 HAVE GENERATED IN OUR LABS AND 8770 06:30:44,313 --> 06:30:45,882 ACADEMIC SETTINGS AND WORK WITH 8771 06:30:45,882 --> 06:30:48,518 COMPANIES THAT WANT TO SOLVE FOR 8772 06:30:48,518 --> 06:30:48,718 THIS. 8773 06:30:48,718 --> 06:30:50,086 YES, THEY WANT TO COMMERCIALIZE 8774 06:30:50,086 --> 06:30:51,354 AND MAKE MONEY BUT GUESS WHAT? 8775 06:30:51,354 --> 06:30:52,889 THAT I HAVE THE MONEY AND 8776 06:30:52,889 --> 06:30:55,224 INVESTORS AT THE TABLE READY TO 8777 06:30:55,224 --> 06:30:57,160 PUT MONEY TO SOLVE FOR PROBLEMS. 8778 06:30:57,160 --> 06:30:59,762 I'M ENCOURAGE THESE STAKEHOLDER 8779 06:30:59,762 --> 06:31:03,599 ENGAGEMENTS I THINK ARE CRITICAL 8780 06:31:03,599 --> 06:31:06,002 TO TRANSLATE OVERDOSE TO 8781 06:31:06,002 --> 06:31:11,874 MITIGATING THE RI RISK OF EDCs D 8782 06:31:11,874 --> 06:31:15,945 WORKING WITH NGOs AND PEOPLE 8783 06:31:15,945 --> 06:31:18,381 VOLUNTEERING ON GREAT GROUPS 8784 06:31:18,381 --> 06:31:21,284 ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND SILENT 8785 06:31:21,284 --> 06:31:22,485 SPRING AND OTHERS TRYING TO 8786 06:31:22,485 --> 06:31:23,986 PROPOSE BILLS AND WORKING HARD 8787 06:31:23,986 --> 06:31:27,056 WITH LEGISLATORS, THEY NEED US. 8788 06:31:27,056 --> 06:31:32,728 THEY NEED US TO SIT AT THE TABLE 8789 06:31:32,728 --> 06:31:37,967 WITH THEM AND PROVIDE EVIDENCE 8790 06:31:37,967 --> 06:31:39,635 AND USE THAT TO EMPOWER THE 8791 06:31:39,635 --> 06:31:42,705 PEOPLE THEY'RE TRYING TO 8792 06:31:42,705 --> 06:31:42,972 INFLUENCE. 8793 06:31:42,972 --> 06:31:46,375 THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES TO A 8794 06:31:46,375 --> 06:31:47,276 TOP-DOWN APPROACH INFLUENCE EDC 8795 06:31:47,276 --> 06:31:49,512 AND MITIGATE THE RISK. 8796 06:31:49,512 --> 06:31:51,280 EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGNS AND 8797 06:31:51,280 --> 06:31:54,817 ACCESSIBLE RESOURCES ARE OTHER 8798 06:31:54,817 --> 06:31:55,151 ONES. 8799 06:31:55,151 --> 06:31:57,687 I HAVE MAYBE 10 MORE MINUTES? 8800 06:31:57,687 --> 06:31:59,755 I THINK WE'LL END AT 5:40 AND I 8801 06:31:59,755 --> 06:32:01,357 WANT 15 MINUTES FOR QUESTIONS. 8802 06:32:01,357 --> 06:32:05,328 I WANT TO SHARE EXAMPLES OF 8803 06:32:05,328 --> 06:32:06,429 BOTTOM-UP SOLUTIONS OF THE REAL 8804 06:32:06,429 --> 06:32:08,364 WORLD I'VE BEEN A PART OF. 8805 06:32:08,364 --> 06:32:11,134 FIRST IS SOMETHING I INCUBATED 8806 06:32:11,134 --> 06:32:13,836 AND STARTED AT HARVARD CHAN 8807 06:32:13,836 --> 06:32:15,271 THROUGH FUNDING AT THE CHAN 8808 06:32:15,271 --> 06:32:16,873 SCHOOL AS WELL AS HOPEFULLY AN 8809 06:32:16,873 --> 06:32:18,241 RO1 I HOPE TO RESUBMIT AT SOME 8810 06:32:18,241 --> 06:32:20,343 POINT THIS YEAR LOOKING AT 8811 06:32:20,343 --> 06:32:22,011 CREATING PARTNERSHIPS WITH 8812 06:32:22,011 --> 06:32:23,813 CLINICAL STAKEHOLDERS. 8813 06:32:23,813 --> 06:32:24,914 WHAT'S THAT LOOK LIKE? 8814 06:32:24,914 --> 06:32:27,116 YOU CREATE PARTNERSHIPS WITH 8815 06:32:27,116 --> 06:32:28,751 INDIVIDUALS IN CLINICAL SETTINGS 8816 06:32:28,751 --> 06:32:31,053 IN PEOPLE WORKING IN PEDIATRIC 8817 06:32:31,053 --> 06:32:34,090 SETTINGS AND IN THIS PARTICULAR 8818 06:32:34,090 --> 06:32:36,492 CASE PEOPLE WORKING WITH COUPLES 8819 06:32:36,492 --> 06:32:37,960 GOING THROUGH FERTILITY 8820 06:32:37,960 --> 06:32:39,862 TREATMENTS AT BOSTON IVF TO 8821 06:32:39,862 --> 06:32:42,565 DEVELOP AN INTERVENTION PROGRAM 8822 06:32:42,565 --> 06:32:44,367 FOR HEALTHY REPRODUCTION. 8823 06:32:44,367 --> 06:32:46,969 THIS IS THE TOTALITY OF THE 8824 06:32:46,969 --> 06:32:47,203 PROJECT. 8825 06:32:47,203 --> 06:32:48,104 WE DIDN'T GET TO THE WHOLE THING 8826 06:32:48,104 --> 06:32:49,772 PAUSE WE DON'T HAVE THE FUNDING 8827 06:32:49,772 --> 06:32:51,974 BUT WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO FOLLOW 8828 06:32:51,974 --> 06:32:54,810 PEOPLE TO SEE OUTCOMES BUT 8829 06:32:54,810 --> 06:32:55,845 ENROLLED INDIVIDUALS AND COUPLES 8830 06:32:55,845 --> 06:32:58,114 INTO A PROGRAM WHERE WE TOOK 8831 06:32:58,114 --> 06:33:00,516 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE BEFORE THE 8832 06:33:00,516 --> 06:33:01,751 INTERVENTION OF COUPLES TRYING 8833 06:33:01,751 --> 06:33:05,655 TO GET PREGNANT AND MEASURED THE 8834 06:33:05,655 --> 06:33:07,990 URINE IN MEN AND WOMEN AND 8835 06:33:07,990 --> 06:33:10,459 SUPPORTED THE COUPLE THROUGH 8836 06:33:10,459 --> 06:33:11,627 INTERVENTION AND FROM THAT WE 8837 06:33:11,627 --> 06:33:13,229 PROVIDED PRODUCTS. 8838 06:33:13,229 --> 06:33:16,165 YES, NOT SUSTAINABLE. 8839 06:33:16,165 --> 06:33:17,166 WE CAN'T PROVIDE EVERYBODY 8840 06:33:17,166 --> 06:33:18,401 PRODUCTS ALL OVER THE COUNTRY 8841 06:33:18,401 --> 06:33:19,302 BUT TEACHING THIS IS WHAT YOU 8842 06:33:19,302 --> 06:33:21,470 LOOK FOR AND WHAT THE LABEL 8843 06:33:21,470 --> 06:33:23,506 LOOKS LIKE AND EDUCATING 8844 06:33:23,506 --> 06:33:24,907 PATIENTS AND SUPPORTING COUPLES 8845 06:33:24,907 --> 06:33:26,409 TO KNOW WHAT TO PERFECT. 8846 06:33:26,409 --> 06:33:30,046 WE OFFERED THE PRODUCTS AS A WAY 8847 06:33:30,046 --> 06:33:33,049 TO SEE IF THEY SWAPPED OUT THE 8848 06:33:33,049 --> 06:33:35,251 CHANGES WOULD WE SEE CHANGES IN 8849 06:33:35,251 --> 06:33:39,021 THE PHTHALATES AND PHENOLS AND 8850 06:33:39,021 --> 06:33:41,190 THE RESULTS ARE PENDING. 8851 06:33:41,190 --> 06:33:44,927 THAT SAID, THIS IS AN 8852 06:33:44,927 --> 06:33:47,263 OPPORTUNITY OF CREATING A HOST 8853 06:33:47,263 --> 06:33:50,866 OF EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES YOU CAN 8854 06:33:50,866 --> 06:33:59,242 DOWNLOAD AND TRANSLATED TO 8855 06:33:59,242 --> 06:34:01,911 INDIVIDUAL IN NAIL SALONS OR 8856 06:34:01,911 --> 06:34:02,845 CLEANING OUR HOMES. 8857 06:34:02,845 --> 06:34:04,814 THEY'RE VERY MUCH AT HIGH RISK 8858 06:34:04,814 --> 06:34:06,882 THEMSELVES FOR THINGS LIKE WE 8859 06:34:06,882 --> 06:34:10,152 HEARD TODAY, INFERTILITY, 8860 06:34:10,152 --> 06:34:14,423 MISCARRIAGE, BIRTH DEFECTS, 8861 06:34:14,423 --> 06:34:17,526 PREECLAMPSIA AND A HOST OF 8862 06:34:17,526 --> 06:34:18,294 ISSUES. 8863 06:34:18,294 --> 06:34:22,398 I'VE SEEN IT FROM PEOPLE I CARE 8864 06:34:22,398 --> 06:34:24,400 FOR AND I'VE SEEN IT IN OTHER 8865 06:34:24,400 --> 06:34:26,435 CHILDREN EVERY DECADE. 8866 06:34:26,435 --> 06:34:28,271 EACH HAVE SOMETHING WHERE THEIR 8867 06:34:28,271 --> 06:34:32,008 CHILD IS ILL OR SICK AND IT'S A 8868 06:34:32,008 --> 06:34:33,709 CHALLENGING PLACE FOR US TO NOT 8869 06:34:33,709 --> 06:34:34,777 INTERVENE AND SUPPORT THAT 8870 06:34:34,777 --> 06:34:37,213 COMMUNITY IN ADDITION TO THE 8871 06:34:37,213 --> 06:34:39,248 AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY AND 8872 06:34:39,248 --> 06:34:40,683 WORKERS THAT HELP IN OUR HOPE 8873 06:34:40,683 --> 06:34:41,751 AND PEOPLE THAT CLEAN OUR 8874 06:34:41,751 --> 06:34:43,619 INSTITUTIONS AND BUILDING AND 8875 06:34:43,619 --> 06:34:45,087 OTHER HIGH RISK ENVIRONMENT. 8876 06:34:45,087 --> 06:34:46,489 YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THOSE 8877 06:34:46,489 --> 06:34:46,756 RESOURCES. 8878 06:34:46,756 --> 06:34:51,794 I'LL GET TO A FEW MORE. 8879 06:34:51,794 --> 06:34:54,563 OTHER INSTITUTES PROVIDING GREAT 8880 06:34:54,563 --> 06:34:57,933 OPPORTUNITIES TO EDUCATE THE 8881 06:34:57,933 --> 06:34:58,567 CLINICIAN. 8882 06:34:58,567 --> 06:34:59,502 THE COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT 8883 06:34:59,502 --> 06:35:02,071 THE DIRECTOR OF THE PROGRAM HAVE 8884 06:35:02,071 --> 06:35:05,408 DEVELOPED A SERIES TO EDUCATE 8885 06:35:05,408 --> 06:35:06,275 CLINICIANS SO CLINICIANS 8886 06:35:06,275 --> 06:35:06,976 UNDERSTAND WHEN SOMEONE WHO 8887 06:35:06,976 --> 06:35:08,611 COMES TO THEM WHO MAY BE HIGH 8888 06:35:08,611 --> 06:35:09,979 RISK BECAUSE THEY WORK IN A 8889 06:35:09,979 --> 06:35:11,380 CERTAIN SETTING. 8890 06:35:11,380 --> 06:35:13,015 HOW CAN WE EDUCATE THEM IN THE 8891 06:35:13,015 --> 06:35:14,350 PLANNING PAGE OR WHEN THEY'RE 8892 06:35:14,350 --> 06:35:15,251 PREGNANT TO UNDERSTAND THE 8893 06:35:15,251 --> 06:35:16,385 CHEMICALS TO REDUCE THEIR 8894 06:35:16,385 --> 06:35:19,855 EXPOSURE DURING PREGNANCY OR 8895 06:35:19,855 --> 06:35:26,429 PRECONCEPTION PERIOD. 8896 06:35:26,429 --> 06:35:30,199 ANOTHER IMPORTANT ONE IS THIS 8897 06:35:30,199 --> 06:35:31,467 COMPANY CALLED SORETTE. 8898 06:35:31,467 --> 06:35:33,536 IT'S A LOCAL BOSTON MOM WITH A 8899 06:35:33,536 --> 06:35:36,138 COUPLE CHILDREN AND INTERESTED 8900 06:35:36,138 --> 06:35:37,740 IN THIS WORK. 8901 06:35:37,740 --> 06:35:38,974 SHE WANTED TO CREATE A 8902 06:35:38,974 --> 06:35:40,209 MARKETPLACE WHERE MOTHERS 8903 06:35:40,209 --> 06:35:42,812 BECAUSE OF HER OWN LACK TO 8904 06:35:42,812 --> 06:35:43,612 FINDING PRODUCTS THAT WERE SAFE, 8905 06:35:43,612 --> 06:35:51,253 SHE CREATED A MARKETPLACE AND 8906 06:35:51,253 --> 06:35:52,855 IT'S POWERFUL BECAUSE IT'S USED 8907 06:35:52,855 --> 06:35:54,390 EVIDENCE ACROSS THE WORK WE'VE 8908 06:35:54,390 --> 06:35:56,726 DONE FOR 20 YEARS AND CREATED A 8909 06:35:56,726 --> 06:35:58,494 PIPELINE WHERE WE'RE ABLE TO PUT 8910 06:35:58,494 --> 06:36:00,796 EACH AND EVERY PRODUCT IN THIS 8911 06:36:00,796 --> 06:36:03,265 MARKETPLACE THROUGH A PIPELINE 8912 06:36:03,265 --> 06:36:05,234 TO ASSESS AND EVALUATE ITS 8913 06:36:05,234 --> 06:36:09,038 CONTENTS AND THE RISKS AND 8914 06:36:09,038 --> 06:36:12,575 INGREDIENTS AND CURATE PRODUCTS 8915 06:36:12,575 --> 06:36:13,709 WE CONSIDER SAFE -- OF COURSE 8916 06:36:13,709 --> 06:36:17,813 NOT EVERYTHING'S SAFE BUT SAFER. 8917 06:36:17,813 --> 06:36:19,915 THIS IS A GREAT EXAMPLE THAT IS 8918 06:36:19,915 --> 06:36:23,552 AN EMBODIMENT OF HOW ACADEMIC 8919 06:36:23,552 --> 06:36:25,888 RESEARCH CAN BE USED IN A 8920 06:36:25,888 --> 06:36:27,256 PRIVATE SECTOR SETTING FOR THE 8921 06:36:27,256 --> 06:36:29,458 END CONSUMER TO LEVERAGE TO GO 8922 06:36:29,458 --> 06:36:31,527 TO ONE PLACE, NOT STRESS ABOUT 8923 06:36:31,527 --> 06:36:32,561 WHAT'S IN THE PRODUCT BECAUSE IF 8924 06:36:32,561 --> 06:36:35,131 IT HAS THE SEAL OF APPROVAL IT'S 8925 06:36:35,131 --> 06:36:45,841 BEEN PUT THROUGH A PIPELINE WE 8926 06:36:45,841 --> 06:36:47,276 PUT TOGETHER AND MAKE THINGS 8927 06:36:47,276 --> 06:36:48,577 SAFER WITH A LIST OF INGREDIENTS 8928 06:36:48,577 --> 06:36:52,314 NOT PERMITTED IN THE PRODUCTS. 8929 06:36:52,314 --> 06:36:54,417 IT'S A START-UP AND WILL HAVE 8930 06:36:54,417 --> 06:36:56,419 MORE PARTS. 8931 06:36:56,419 --> 06:36:59,255 WE HOPE TO HAVE LINES -- AND 8932 06:36:59,255 --> 06:37:00,656 SOME THINGS ARE MORE EXPENSIVE 8933 06:37:00,656 --> 06:37:04,460 AND SOME ARE PRICIER BUT 8934 06:37:04,460 --> 06:37:05,661 SOLUTIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS IN 8935 06:37:05,661 --> 06:37:07,563 NEED TO HAVE DISCOUNTS AND HAVE 8936 06:37:07,563 --> 06:37:08,431 OPPORTUNITIES TO HAVE REDUCED 8937 06:37:08,431 --> 06:37:12,401 FEES FOR SOME OF THE PRODUCTS. 8938 06:37:12,401 --> 06:37:12,768 OKAY. 8939 06:37:12,768 --> 06:37:15,337 ANOTHER ONE IS WELL, THIS IS -- 8940 06:37:15,337 --> 06:37:17,039 I'M NOT PLUGGING MY COMPANY BUT 8941 06:37:17,039 --> 06:37:18,874 WHAT I'M TRYING TO DO HERE IS TO 8942 06:37:18,874 --> 06:37:23,012 SHOW YOU HOW WE CAN TRANSLATE 8943 06:37:23,012 --> 06:37:23,546 EVIDENCE THROUGH HEALTH 8944 06:37:23,546 --> 06:37:25,648 TECHNOLOGY TO THEN ALLOW FOR 8945 06:37:25,648 --> 06:37:26,882 THIS SOLUTION I'M DEVELOPING. 8946 06:37:26,882 --> 06:37:29,718 MY COMPANY'S GOING TO BE A 8947 06:37:29,718 --> 06:37:31,320 PREMIUM MODEL FOR EVERY 8948 06:37:31,320 --> 06:37:34,690 INDIVIDUAL ACROSS THE COUNTRY TO 8949 06:37:34,690 --> 06:37:36,091 HAVE ACCESS IN THEIR HANDS ON 8950 06:37:36,091 --> 06:37:37,993 INFORMATION AND EDUCATION ON 8951 06:37:37,993 --> 06:37:39,261 WHAT ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL AND 8952 06:37:39,261 --> 06:37:41,697 NATURAL AND BUILT HOW TO CREATE 8953 06:37:41,697 --> 06:37:43,999 HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT WHEN YOU'RE 8954 06:37:43,999 --> 06:37:46,368 IN THE PRECONCEPTION PERIOD TO 8955 06:37:46,368 --> 06:37:48,704 ALLOW FOR OPTIMAL FERTILITY AND 8956 06:37:48,704 --> 06:37:49,271 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. 8957 06:37:49,271 --> 06:37:52,341 WE FOCUSSED ON SLEEP, WELLNESS, 8958 06:37:52,341 --> 06:37:53,242 NUTRITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL 8959 06:37:53,242 --> 06:37:59,248 EXPOSURES TO NAME A FEW. 8960 06:37:59,248 --> 06:38:01,484 WE'RE CAPTURING THE EXPOSOME FOR 8961 06:38:01,484 --> 06:38:04,286 COUPLES FROM A MULTI-MODAL DATA 8962 06:38:04,286 --> 06:38:05,387 PLATFORM AND PERSONALIZE 8963 06:38:05,387 --> 06:38:07,022 INTERVENTIONS BY LOOKING AT 8964 06:38:07,022 --> 06:38:10,359 BIOMARKERS TO ENACT ON TO HELP 8965 06:38:10,359 --> 06:38:11,827 COUPLES HAVE HEALTHIER 8966 06:38:11,827 --> 06:38:13,863 ENVIRONMENTS AND SUCCESS AT 8967 06:38:13,863 --> 06:38:16,432 REDUCING EXPOSURE FWURD -- 8968 06:38:22,404 --> 06:38:24,740 BURDEN TO IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE 8969 06:38:24,740 --> 06:38:29,912 HEALTH AND I AND THE TO TALK 8970 06:38:29,912 --> 06:38:31,814 ABOUT ONE LAST INTERVENTION 8971 06:38:31,814 --> 06:38:33,883 WORKING WITH WOMEN OR 8972 06:38:33,883 --> 06:38:34,650 INDIVIDUALS TRYING TO CONCEIVE 8973 06:38:34,650 --> 06:38:38,420 THROUGH PARTNERSHIPS WITH MEDIA 8974 06:38:38,420 --> 06:38:40,723 COMPANIES AND ONE I'M INVOLVED 8975 06:38:40,723 --> 06:38:42,625 WITH ONE HAS HUNDREDS OF 8976 06:38:42,625 --> 06:38:43,392 INDIVIDUALS ACROSS THE COUNTRY 8977 06:38:43,392 --> 06:38:48,264 THAT GO ON THE WEBSITE LOOK FOR 8978 06:38:48,264 --> 06:38:50,399 INFORMATION ABOUT PLANNING A 8979 06:38:50,399 --> 06:38:52,635 PREGNANCY AND HOW DO WE REACH 8980 06:38:52,635 --> 06:38:53,602 THE GROUPS. 8981 06:38:53,602 --> 06:38:57,573 WE HAVE ACCESS TO HUNDREDS OR 8982 06:38:57,573 --> 06:38:58,541 THOUSANDS OF WOMEN AND WE HAVE 8983 06:38:58,541 --> 06:38:59,942 THE POWER TO EDUCATE THAT 8984 06:38:59,942 --> 06:39:02,211 COMMUNITY BY BUILDING A 8985 06:39:02,211 --> 06:39:02,778 PARTNERSHIP THROUGH THAT 8986 06:39:02,778 --> 06:39:04,046 RELATIONSHIP TO BRING OUR 8987 06:39:04,046 --> 06:39:09,919 SCIENCE TO THE FOREFRONT OF 8988 06:39:09,919 --> 06:39:17,626 PEOPLE'S HANDS AND MEDIA 8989 06:39:17,626 --> 06:39:19,728 COVERAGE AND I CREATED A POD 8990 06:39:19,728 --> 06:39:23,032 CAST WITH MY SISTER WHO HAPPENED 8991 06:39:23,032 --> 06:39:25,401 TO BE INFERTILE FOR A LONG TIME 8992 06:39:25,401 --> 06:39:26,936 AND IT'S ABOUT CLEANING UP YOUR 8993 06:39:26,936 --> 06:39:31,273 LIFE STYLE FOR FUTURE GENER 8994 06:39:31,273 --> 06:39:36,011 GENERATIONS ACROSS THE COUNTRY 8995 06:39:36,011 --> 06:39:38,447 AND WE TARGETING COMMUNITY 8996 06:39:38,447 --> 06:39:41,417 GROUPS, INDIVIDUALS AT HIGH 8997 06:39:41,417 --> 06:39:42,651 RISK, BRING OUR SCIENCE TO THE 8998 06:39:42,651 --> 06:39:44,453 PUBLIC INSTEAD OF WAITING FOR 8999 06:39:44,453 --> 06:39:52,127 THE PUBLIC TO COME TO US AT 9000 06:39:52,127 --> 06:39:54,063 HARVARD AND THROUGH VOLUNTEER 9001 06:39:54,063 --> 06:39:57,132 AND OTHER ENGAGEMENTS. 9002 06:39:57,132 --> 06:39:58,667 >> YOU HAVE TWO MINUTES. 9003 06:39:58,667 --> 06:40:00,636 >> I'M DONE. 9004 06:40:00,636 --> 06:40:03,539 MITIGATING EDCs IS A PATHWAY TO 9005 06:40:03,539 --> 06:40:04,807 GENERATIONAL HEALTH AND THERE'S 9006 06:40:04,807 --> 06:40:06,308 NOT A ONE SIZE FITS ALL STRATEGY 9007 06:40:06,308 --> 06:40:08,110 AND WE NEED POPULATION 9008 06:40:08,110 --> 06:40:14,950 APPROACHES AND TOP-DOWN, 9009 06:40:14,950 --> 06:40:17,953 BOTTOM-UP AND LOOK BEYOND THE 9010 06:40:17,953 --> 06:40:19,254 ACADEMIC SETTINGS AND LOOK AT 9011 06:40:19,254 --> 06:40:22,858 SECTORS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE AND 9012 06:40:22,858 --> 06:40:25,861 GOVERNMENT AND NGOs TO SOLVE OR 9013 06:40:25,861 --> 06:40:27,029 THE PROBLEM AND MITIGATE 9014 06:40:27,029 --> 06:40:28,497 EXPOSURES AND LOOK OUTSIDE THE 9015 06:40:28,497 --> 06:40:32,368 BOX AND WORK WITH TOGETHER TO 9016 06:40:32,368 --> 06:40:35,270 ENGAGE AND INVEST OF 9017 06:40:35,270 --> 06:40:37,673 OPPORTUNITIES WE HAVEN'T THOUGHT 9018 06:40:37,673 --> 06:40:39,608 OF BEFORE AND THANK YOU FOR THE 9019 06:40:39,608 --> 06:40:42,711 INVITATION AND FUNDING AND THANK 9020 06:40:42,711 --> 06:40:51,253 YOU TO MY MEMBERS OF MY PROGRAM 9021 06:40:51,253 --> 06:40:59,028 AT HARVARD AND NIH FOR HOSTING 9022 06:40:59,028 --> 06:41:02,931 THE EVENT. 9023 06:41:02,931 --> 06:41:05,934 I WELCOME QUESTIONS NOW. 9024 06:41:05,934 --> 06:41:07,536 SORRY, I DO TEND TO TALK FAST. 9025 06:41:07,536 --> 06:41:10,272 HOPEFULLY YOU CAN LISTEN TO THE 9026 06:41:10,272 --> 06:41:11,206 RECORDING AND PRESS SLOW MOTION 9027 06:41:11,206 --> 06:41:11,540 OR SOMETHING. 9028 06:41:11,540 --> 06:41:13,676 >> ANY QUESTIONS FROM THE 9029 06:41:13,676 --> 06:41:13,942 AUDIENCE? 9030 06:41:13,942 --> 06:41:21,450 I SEE SOMEONE COMING UP. 9031 06:41:21,450 --> 06:41:24,086 >> HI. 9032 06:41:24,086 --> 06:41:28,557 SO YOU MENTIONED THE SORETTE 9033 06:41:28,557 --> 06:41:31,260 SEAL OF APPROVAL AND IF I SAW 9034 06:41:31,260 --> 06:41:34,129 THAT I WOULD TRUST IT BUT WHAT'S 9035 06:41:34,129 --> 06:41:37,099 TO TOP THE SEAL OF APPROVAL LIKE 9036 06:41:37,099 --> 06:41:39,535 OTHER SEALS OF APPROVALS LIKE 9037 06:41:39,535 --> 06:41:42,237 USDA ORGANICS WHICH ALSO WORK 9038 06:41:42,237 --> 06:41:44,073 WITH RESEARCHERS WHICH ARE 9039 06:41:44,073 --> 06:41:47,242 SUPPOSED TO DO THE SAME BUT ALSO 9040 06:41:47,242 --> 06:41:49,712 STILL FRAUDULENT AND IF 9041 06:41:49,712 --> 06:41:52,981 SOMETHING LIKE A SORETTE SEAL 9042 06:41:52,981 --> 06:41:54,783 WHICH COMES FROM PRIVATE REVENUE 9043 06:41:54,783 --> 06:41:58,520 AND WHAT'S TO STOP IT FROM BEING 9044 06:41:58,520 --> 06:41:58,754 CORRUPT? 9045 06:41:58,754 --> 06:42:00,656 >> I LOVE THAT QUESTION AND IT'S 9046 06:42:00,656 --> 06:42:01,957 IMPORTANT TO THINK ABOUT LIKE 9047 06:42:01,957 --> 06:42:03,258 YOU SAID PROFIT. 9048 06:42:03,258 --> 06:42:05,694 PROFIT SEEMS LIKE IT'S A BAD 9049 06:42:05,694 --> 06:42:05,894 THING. 9050 06:42:05,894 --> 06:42:07,296 COMPANIES DO NEED TO BE 9051 06:42:07,296 --> 06:42:11,467 PROFITABLE BUT THEY'RE ALSO VERY 9052 06:42:11,467 --> 06:42:15,771 APPROPRIATELY POSITIONED TO 9053 06:42:15,771 --> 06:42:19,041 SOLVE FOR THE SOLUTION. 9054 06:42:19,041 --> 06:42:25,347 IT'S A BIT OF A BREAKING NEWS 9055 06:42:25,347 --> 06:42:27,950 -- BALANCE AND THE USDA IS A 9056 06:42:27,950 --> 06:42:28,751 GOVERNMENT SYSTEM. 9057 06:42:28,751 --> 06:42:30,085 THIS IS A PRIVATE SECTOR SYSTEM. 9058 06:42:30,085 --> 06:42:33,055 THERE IS THE ISSUE ARE THEY 9059 06:42:33,055 --> 06:42:36,825 USING INFORMATION TO THEN MAKE 9060 06:42:36,825 --> 06:42:37,860 MONEY OR ARE THEY THERE TO CARE 9061 06:42:37,860 --> 06:42:42,164 FOR US AND PROTECT US? 9062 06:42:42,164 --> 06:42:46,702 THAT'S A BALANCE. 9063 06:42:46,702 --> 06:42:51,240 COMPANIES PEOPLE GOOD PEOPLE ON 9064 06:42:51,240 --> 06:42:54,710 THEIR BOARDS AND WHAT IS SCIENCE 9065 06:42:54,710 --> 06:42:56,011 REPLICATABLE USING SCIENCE IN 9066 06:42:56,011 --> 06:42:57,146 THE REAL WORLD AND COMPANIES IS 9067 06:42:57,146 --> 06:42:58,480 IMPORTANT. 9068 06:42:58,480 --> 06:43:00,482 I'VE ENCOURAGED THAT IN MY WORK 9069 06:43:00,482 --> 06:43:02,918 WITH SORETTE WHICH IS TO HAVE A 9070 06:43:02,918 --> 06:43:04,553 PROTOCOL AND PIPELINE TO 9071 06:43:04,553 --> 06:43:07,055 REPLICATE ANYONE CAN TAKE AND 9072 06:43:07,055 --> 06:43:08,490 GET A PROCESS THROUGH AND GET TO 9073 06:43:08,490 --> 06:43:10,692 THE SAME RESULT. 9074 06:43:10,692 --> 06:43:11,460 REPUTATION IMPORTANT. 9075 06:43:11,460 --> 06:43:13,529 THERE'S A LOT OF DISCUSSION WE 9076 06:43:13,529 --> 06:43:15,397 NEED TO KEEP AN OPEN MIND ON THE 9077 06:43:15,397 --> 06:43:17,199 SOLUTIONS. 9078 06:43:17,199 --> 06:43:19,535 >> THANK YOU. 9079 06:43:19,535 --> 06:43:25,707 >> HI, NICE TALK. 9080 06:43:25,707 --> 06:43:27,743 I WANT TO THANK YOU FOR A COUPLE 9081 06:43:27,743 --> 06:43:30,913 POINTS AND MAKE ONE OTHER. 9082 06:43:30,913 --> 06:43:31,747 STRESSING THE NEED TO INVOLVE 9083 06:43:31,747 --> 06:43:34,183 ALL STAKEHOLDERS IN THE 9084 06:43:34,183 --> 06:43:34,983 DISCUSSIONS. 9085 06:43:34,983 --> 06:43:36,952 OBVIOUSLY COMMUNITIES ARE NUMBER 9086 06:43:36,952 --> 06:43:38,821 ONE AND DOES INCLUDE AS YOU HAVE 9087 06:43:38,821 --> 06:43:39,488 MENTIONED THE PRODUCERS AND THE 9088 06:43:39,488 --> 06:43:43,725 INDUSTRY. 9089 06:43:43,725 --> 06:43:46,595 MY CONCERN I HAVE IS I DON'T 9090 06:43:46,595 --> 06:43:48,330 HAVE GREAT FAITH IN THE 9091 06:43:48,330 --> 06:43:50,833 REGULATORY AGENDA IN GENERAL 9092 06:43:50,833 --> 06:43:55,270 BECAUSE I THINK IT IS HIGHLY 9093 06:43:55,270 --> 06:44:03,812 CONFLICTED. 9094 06:44:03,812 --> 06:44:04,980 THERE WAS AN EXCELLENT EXAMPLE 9095 06:44:04,980 --> 06:44:08,450 OF WHAT GOES ON WITH PESTICIDES 9096 06:44:08,450 --> 06:44:12,087 AND HAVE COMMENTS ON HOW TO DEAL 9097 06:44:12,087 --> 06:44:13,922 WITH THAT. 9098 06:44:13,922 --> 06:44:16,625 >> I DO AND I DON'T HAVE MUCH 9099 06:44:16,625 --> 06:44:18,894 CONFIDENCE IN THE REGULATORY 9100 06:44:18,894 --> 06:44:20,229 SYSTEM EITHER HOWEVER, AND IN 9101 06:44:20,229 --> 06:44:21,563 THINKING ABOUT WORK I'VE DONE 9102 06:44:21,563 --> 06:44:23,932 NOT RELATED TO EDCs BUT ANOTHER 9103 06:44:23,932 --> 06:44:31,073 TOPIC IMPORTANTLY IS WE NEED TO 9104 06:44:31,073 --> 06:44:33,208 USE OUR SCIENCE AND ACT ON 9105 06:44:33,208 --> 06:44:33,876 SCIENCE IN THE LITIGATION SYSTEM 9106 06:44:33,876 --> 06:44:35,410 IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 9107 06:44:35,410 --> 06:44:38,914 WE SHOULDN'T BE AFRAID OF THAT 9108 06:44:38,914 --> 06:44:44,453 AS A PROCESS OF A SOLID STRONG 9109 06:44:44,453 --> 06:44:45,854 TOP-DOWN EFFECTIVE IMMEDIATELY 9110 06:44:45,854 --> 06:44:48,156 WHEN THERE'S CLASS-ACTION SUITS 9111 06:44:48,156 --> 06:44:49,391 WHERE PEOPLE WORKING IN THE 9112 06:44:49,391 --> 06:44:51,560 FIELD GET TOGETHER AND GET 9113 06:44:51,560 --> 06:44:52,861 SUPPORTED BY LAW FIRMS THAT THEN 9114 06:44:52,861 --> 06:44:54,830 WANT TO TAKE THE CASES. 9115 06:44:54,830 --> 06:44:59,234 YES, THE LAW FIRMS WANT TO MAKE 9116 06:44:59,234 --> 06:45:02,671 MONEY, BUT GUESS WHAT? 9117 06:45:02,671 --> 06:45:05,507 IT'S A MITIGATION AND WHEN 9118 06:45:05,507 --> 06:45:06,775 THERE'S CLASS ACTION SUITS AND 9119 06:45:06,775 --> 06:45:08,377 GOES TO THE TOP COURTS AND KNOW 9120 06:45:08,377 --> 06:45:10,412 THE MONEY THAT'S GOING TO BE 9121 06:45:10,412 --> 06:45:12,981 TAKEN OUT OF THEIR BANK ACCOUNT 9122 06:45:12,981 --> 06:45:14,449 WHEN THERE'S WORKERS BEING 9123 06:45:14,449 --> 06:45:19,254 HARMED, WE NEED TO USE THAT 9124 06:45:19,254 --> 06:45:21,857 LEGAL MECHANISM TO HAVE A STRICT 9125 06:45:21,857 --> 06:45:24,326 TOP-DOWN APPROACH AND WE NEED TO 9126 06:45:24,326 --> 06:45:25,794 USE THAT IN THE EDC SPACE AND 9127 06:45:25,794 --> 06:45:29,731 RELYING ON SCIENTISTS LIKE 9128 06:45:29,731 --> 06:45:30,699 OURSELVES TO SIT AND STAND UP 9129 06:45:30,699 --> 06:45:33,335 FOR THAT FOR THE WORKERS AND 9130 06:45:33,335 --> 06:45:34,836 INDIVIDUALS BEING HARMED AND NOT 9131 06:45:34,836 --> 06:45:37,539 BEING AFRAID WHEN A LAW FIRM 9132 06:45:37,539 --> 06:45:41,843 IDENTIFIES YOU AS A KEY EXPERT 9133 06:45:41,843 --> 06:45:44,479 WITNESS AND WANTS YOU TO FEST 9134 06:45:44,479 --> 06:45:49,451 TIE AND WORK ON THE PROJECT ORE 9135 06:45:49,451 --> 06:45:51,887 CLASS ACTION IS A CRITICAL WAY 9136 06:45:51,887 --> 06:45:54,189 AND THAT'S A BIG TOP-DOWN WAY. 9137 06:45:54,189 --> 06:45:55,257 IT'S NOT REGULATION BUT 9138 06:45:55,257 --> 06:45:56,491 CONTROLLING THE INDUSTRY TO SAY 9139 06:45:56,491 --> 06:46:00,696 NO MORE OF THIS BEHAVIOR. 9140 06:46:00,696 --> 06:46:05,367 NO MORE UNLAWFUL, HARMFUL, 9141 06:46:05,367 --> 06:46:06,702 DANGEROUS PRACTICE YOU CONTINUE 9142 06:46:06,702 --> 06:46:08,470 TO NEGLECT THE HEALTH OF THE 9143 06:46:08,470 --> 06:46:09,705 MOST VULNERABLE AT YOUR 9144 06:46:09,705 --> 06:46:11,540 FINANCIAL ADVANTAGE AND HOW WE 9145 06:46:11,540 --> 06:46:12,975 CAN USE OUR SCIENCE TO BE THE BE 9146 06:46:12,975 --> 06:46:15,077 PUT AT THE TABLE IN FRONT OF A 9147 06:46:15,077 --> 06:46:16,445 JURY TO SAY HERE'S WHAT WE KNOW 9148 06:46:16,445 --> 06:46:16,878 ABOUT THE SCIENCE. 9149 06:46:16,878 --> 06:46:20,482 HERE'S WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE 9150 06:46:20,482 --> 06:46:21,116 HARMS. 9151 06:46:21,116 --> 06:46:23,852 AND THEN LAW FIRMS NEED TO LOOK 9152 06:46:23,852 --> 06:46:25,087 AT WHAT THEY'VE DONE FOR 20 9153 06:46:25,087 --> 06:46:26,488 YEARS IGNORING THE PEOPLE THAT 9154 06:46:26,488 --> 06:46:30,659 COME TO THEIR DOOR AND THERE'S 9155 06:46:30,659 --> 06:46:34,296 ALL THIS EGREGIOUS LIVELIHOOD OF 9156 06:46:34,296 --> 06:46:36,865 PEOPLE WHO COMPLAIN AND GETTING 9157 06:46:36,865 --> 06:46:38,433 THAT OUT THERE HAS BEEN UNDER 9158 06:46:38,433 --> 06:46:42,237 UTILIZED IN MY OPINION. 9159 06:46:42,237 --> 06:46:43,905 >> MAY I ASK ONE MORE QUESTION 9160 06:46:43,905 --> 06:46:46,608 AND BE THE WE HAVE ONE IN THE 9161 06:46:46,608 --> 06:46:46,875 AUDIENCE. 9162 06:46:46,875 --> 06:46:51,279 I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE WERE 9163 06:46:51,279 --> 06:46:54,049 HOPING TO HEAR ABOUT CONCRETE 9164 06:46:54,049 --> 06:46:55,951 STEPS TO REDUCE THEIR EXPOSURE 9165 06:46:55,951 --> 06:46:57,953 THAT IS IMPACTFUL. 9166 06:46:57,953 --> 06:47:01,423 YOU'RE DOING YOUR STUDY WHICH IS 9167 06:47:01,423 --> 06:47:05,093 STILL IN PROGRESS AND WANT WAIT 9168 06:47:05,093 --> 06:47:08,130 TO HEAR THE RESULT BUT OTHER 9169 06:47:08,130 --> 06:47:11,666 STUDIES HAVE SHOWN TO REPLACE 9170 06:47:11,666 --> 06:47:14,469 PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS LIKE THE 9171 06:47:14,469 --> 06:47:17,305 HERMOSA STUDIES AND OTHER ONES. 9172 06:47:17,305 --> 06:47:18,673 SUMMARIZE WHAT THE LOW HANGING 9173 06:47:18,673 --> 06:47:26,081 FRUIT ARE IN TERMS OF BANG FOR 9174 06:47:26,081 --> 06:47:27,549 BUCK REDUCING EXPOSURE FOR 9175 06:47:27,549 --> 06:47:29,751 PEOPLE LISTENING WONDERING WHAT 9176 06:47:29,751 --> 06:47:30,619 CAN I DO? 9177 06:47:30,619 --> 06:47:33,555 I CAN'T AFFORD ORGANIC FOOD. 9178 06:47:33,555 --> 06:47:35,290 ARE THERE CERTAIN PRODUCTS I 9179 06:47:35,290 --> 06:47:38,860 SHOULD NOT BUY OR NOT BUY 9180 06:47:38,860 --> 06:47:40,629 ANYTHING WRAPPED IN PLASTIC BUT 9181 06:47:40,629 --> 06:47:41,863 DO YOU HAVE SUGGESTIONS FOR 9182 06:47:41,863 --> 06:47:43,298 PEOPLE WHO MAY WANT TO KNOW WHAT 9183 06:47:43,298 --> 06:47:48,203 ARE A FEW THINGS I CAN DO THAT 9184 06:47:48,203 --> 06:47:50,539 ARE ACCESSIBLE AND POTENTIAL HI 9185 06:47:50,539 --> 06:47:51,273 SUSTAINABLE? 9186 06:47:51,273 --> 06:47:53,442 >> I APPRECIATE THAT TOO. 9187 06:47:53,442 --> 06:47:57,813 I FEEL HIKE PEOPLE HEARD THIS 9188 06:47:57,813 --> 06:47:59,781 MANY SOMETIMES. 9189 06:47:59,781 --> 06:48:01,616 THERE'S THINGS YOU CAN DO AND MY 9190 06:48:01,616 --> 06:48:10,025 APPROACH IS UNCONVENTIONAL. 9191 06:48:10,025 --> 06:48:12,694 WHAT ARE THINGS IN YOUR LIFE 9192 06:48:12,694 --> 06:48:15,697 FEEL YOU CAN CHANGE. 9193 06:48:15,697 --> 06:48:18,767 NOT EVERYONE WANTS TO SWITCH 9194 06:48:18,767 --> 06:48:19,835 FROM PLASTICS TO ANYTHING ELSE 9195 06:48:19,835 --> 06:48:22,270 AND YOU MAY NOT BE WILLING OR 9196 06:48:22,270 --> 06:48:23,004 AFFORD TO DO. 9197 06:48:23,004 --> 06:48:24,573 PICK THE NUMBER OF PRODUCTS YOU 9198 06:48:24,573 --> 06:48:26,475 PUT ON YOUR BODY PER DAY. 9199 06:48:26,475 --> 06:48:32,481 SAY YOU PUT ON 10 GO TO EIGHT, 9200 06:48:32,481 --> 06:48:35,083 SIX, REDUCE THE NUMBER OF 9201 06:48:35,083 --> 06:48:37,853 PRODUCTS YOU PUT ON YOUR BODY. 9202 06:48:37,853 --> 06:48:43,291 THAT'S SIMPLE. 9203 06:48:43,291 --> 06:48:46,461 REDUCE THE TIME YOU EAT TAKEOUT. 9204 06:48:46,461 --> 06:48:49,798 ANY KIDS EAT OUT OF PIZZA OUT OF 9205 06:48:49,798 --> 06:48:51,900 THE BOX AND MAKES THE CRINGE BUT 9206 06:48:51,900 --> 06:48:55,036 ONLY A COUPLE TIMES A WEEK AND 9207 06:48:55,036 --> 06:48:56,271 START CUTTING DOWN. 9208 06:48:56,271 --> 06:49:00,976 A LITTLE IS BETTER THAN NONE. 9209 06:49:00,976 --> 06:49:05,180 NONE IS BETTER BUT MOVE THE 9210 06:49:05,180 --> 06:49:06,781 NEEDLE DOWN AND CREATE A NEW 9211 06:49:06,781 --> 06:49:07,082 HABIT. 9212 06:49:07,082 --> 06:49:08,683 THAT'S HOW I ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO 9213 06:49:08,683 --> 06:49:09,985 REDUCE THE NUMBER OF TIMES 9214 06:49:09,985 --> 06:49:11,753 THEY'RE EXPOSED. 9215 06:49:11,753 --> 06:49:12,621 NOT CARE ABOUT SPECIFIC CHEMICAL 9216 06:49:12,621 --> 06:49:15,857 BUT THE CONTACT YOU HAVE WITH 9217 06:49:15,857 --> 06:49:17,325 CERTAIN PRODUCTS. 9218 06:49:17,325 --> 06:49:19,928 ANOTHER IMPORTANT POINT CRITICAL 9219 06:49:19,928 --> 06:49:21,930 ONE IS THE VERY IMPORTANT VALUE 9220 06:49:21,930 --> 06:49:23,298 OF WATER FILTRATION. 9221 06:49:23,298 --> 06:49:24,933 THE VERY IMPORTANT VALUE AND 9222 06:49:24,933 --> 06:49:26,468 I'VE ADVOCATED FOR THIS IN 9223 06:49:26,468 --> 06:49:28,170 DIFFERENT SETTINGS. 9224 06:49:28,170 --> 06:49:33,475 INCLUDING THE OPPORTUNITY TO 9225 06:49:33,475 --> 06:49:35,710 ALLOW FOR SUBSIDIZED LIKE SOLAR 9226 06:49:35,710 --> 06:49:38,246 PANELS OR FANCY CARS THAT GET 9227 06:49:38,246 --> 06:49:39,247 REDUCTION REBATES. 9228 06:49:39,247 --> 06:49:41,516 HOW DO WITH NOT DO THIS IN 9229 06:49:41,516 --> 06:49:44,319 LOW-INCOME NEIGHBORHOODS GIVING 9230 06:49:44,319 --> 06:49:46,955 A REDUCTION FOR WATER FILTRATION 9231 06:49:46,955 --> 06:49:48,256 SYSTEMS TO OUT IN THEIR 9232 06:49:48,256 --> 06:49:48,557 HOUSEHOLDS. 9233 06:49:48,557 --> 06:49:53,828 SOME ARE EXPENSIVE BUT EFFECTIVE 9234 06:49:53,828 --> 06:49:55,297 LIKE REVERSE OSMOSIS SYMPTOMS 9235 06:49:55,297 --> 06:49:57,132 AND YOU'RE DRINKING THAT 9236 06:49:57,132 --> 06:49:57,732 CONSTANTLY. 9237 06:49:57,732 --> 06:49:58,767 THAT'S A MAJOR SOURCE OF 9238 06:49:58,767 --> 06:50:00,268 EXPOSURE YOU CAN DO SOMETHING 9239 06:50:00,268 --> 06:50:00,602 ABOUT. 9240 06:50:00,602 --> 06:50:02,470 WE HAVE A SOLUTION. 9241 06:50:02,470 --> 06:50:03,905 BRING IT TO THE PEOPLE. 9242 06:50:03,905 --> 06:50:05,707 MAKE IT AFFORDABLE AND 9243 06:50:05,707 --> 06:50:06,141 ACCESSIBLE. 9244 06:50:06,141 --> 06:50:12,347 >> ARE THERE ANY LOW-COST WATER 9245 06:50:12,347 --> 06:50:15,283 FILTRATION UNITS? 9246 06:50:15,283 --> 06:50:21,890 NOTE BRITA NOT TO NAME THEM BUT 9247 06:50:21,890 --> 06:50:22,824 THING PEOPLE CAN USE WITHOUT 9248 06:50:22,824 --> 06:50:24,226 HAVING TO INSTALL IN THEIR 9249 06:50:24,226 --> 06:50:24,426 HOMES. 9250 06:50:24,426 --> 06:50:26,428 >> I'M A RENTER. 9251 06:50:26,428 --> 06:50:28,563 YOU CAN'T PUT FANCY THINGS IN 9252 06:50:28,563 --> 06:50:30,665 THE BOTTOM OF YOUR KITCHEN SINK 9253 06:50:30,665 --> 06:50:31,266 AND DRILL A HOLE. 9254 06:50:31,266 --> 06:50:35,003 YOU CAN LISTEN TO MY POD CAST. 9255 06:50:35,003 --> 06:50:36,771 WE TALK ABOUT WATER FILTRATION 9256 06:50:36,771 --> 06:50:37,072 SYSTEMS. 9257 06:50:37,072 --> 06:50:38,440 AS THE FREE, DOWNLOADABLE. 9258 06:50:38,440 --> 06:50:40,642 YOU CAN LISTEN AND EDUCATE 9259 06:50:40,642 --> 06:50:40,909 YOURSELF. 9260 06:50:40,909 --> 06:50:43,144 THERE'S LOTS OF HANDS ON TIPS IN 9261 06:50:43,144 --> 06:50:43,845 THE PODCAST FOR ANYONE 9262 06:50:43,845 --> 06:50:45,280 INTERESTED NOT JUST PEOPLE 9263 06:50:45,280 --> 06:50:47,282 TRYING TO GET PREGNANT AND 9264 06:50:47,282 --> 06:50:49,851 CHEAPER ALTERNATIVES TO REVERSE 9265 06:50:49,851 --> 06:50:51,319 OSMOSIS AND THE FILTRATION 9266 06:50:51,319 --> 06:50:53,421 SYSTEMS SOME ARE PRETTY 9267 06:50:53,421 --> 06:50:53,722 AFFORDABLE. 9268 06:50:53,722 --> 06:50:54,689 SOME DON'T REQUIRE MAJOR 9269 06:50:54,689 --> 06:51:01,096 INVESTMENT IN TERMS OF KITCHEN 9270 06:51:01,096 --> 06:51:01,963 SINK AND WORKING WITH POLICY 9271 06:51:01,963 --> 06:51:06,434 MAKERS AND COMPANIES TO ALLOW 9272 06:51:06,434 --> 06:51:08,470 FOR SUBSIDIES FOR PEOPLE WHO 9273 06:51:08,470 --> 06:51:09,537 WANT THAT AT AN AFFORDABLE WAY 9274 06:51:09,537 --> 06:51:15,110 OR FREE OR FOR A DISCOUNT ARE 9275 06:51:15,110 --> 06:51:19,347 SOME THINGS I'M ACTIVELY WORKING 9276 06:51:19,347 --> 06:51:22,417 ON TO ENCOURAGE CHANGE ON THE 9277 06:51:22,417 --> 06:51:23,285 TOP-DOWN LEVEL. 9278 06:51:23,285 --> 06:51:26,488 THE PUBLIC WANTS A BOTTOM-UP 9279 06:51:26,488 --> 06:51:36,431 APPROACH. 9280 06:51:36,431 --> 06:51:38,633 YOU'LL BE THE CLOSING QUESTION 9281 06:51:38,633 --> 06:51:39,834 FOR THE DAY. 9282 06:51:39,834 --> 06:51:42,437 STATE YOUR NAME AND AFFILIATION 9283 06:51:42,437 --> 06:51:45,573 FOR PEOPLE LISTENING. 9284 06:51:45,573 --> 06:51:56,084 >> I'M DR. FURTADDO A NATURE 9285 06:51:56,418 --> 06:51:59,154 PATH AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR 9286 06:51:59,154 --> 06:51:59,487 PRESENTATION. 9287 06:51:59,487 --> 06:52:02,490 I AGREE WE CAN TALK FOR HOURS 9288 06:52:02,490 --> 06:52:06,895 WITH THINGS YOU'RE SAYING. 9289 06:52:06,895 --> 06:52:08,463 AND RESONATING WITH THE PASSION 9290 06:52:08,463 --> 06:52:12,067 YOU FEEL ABOUT ACCOUNTABILITY ON 9291 06:52:12,067 --> 06:52:14,469 LITIGATION LEVELS BECAUSE I 9292 06:52:14,469 --> 06:52:16,604 THINK -- I CAN'T SPEAK I'M 9293 06:52:16,604 --> 06:52:17,572 REPRESENTING MY ORGANIZATION IN 9294 06:52:17,572 --> 06:52:22,344 THIS COMMENT BUT WITH THE 9295 06:52:22,344 --> 06:52:23,244 HEARTBREAK I HEAR FROM THE 9296 06:52:23,244 --> 06:52:28,483 PRESENTATION OF OUR COLLEAGUE 9297 06:52:28,483 --> 06:52:37,592 WHO HAS BEEN HURT WE GREED AND 9298 06:52:37,592 --> 06:52:39,294 DISREGARD BY SCIENCE AND THE 9299 06:52:39,294 --> 06:52:44,899 ANALOGY THAT COMES TO MY HEART 9300 06:52:44,899 --> 06:52:48,403 WHERE IN MEDIEVAL TIMES WE WOULD 9301 06:52:48,403 --> 06:52:50,138 THROW SEWAGE OUT OUR WINDOW 9302 06:52:50,138 --> 06:52:51,272 BECAUSE WE DIDN'T UNDERSTAND 9303 06:52:51,272 --> 06:52:53,641 MICROBES AND THERE WAS NO 9304 06:52:53,641 --> 06:52:55,643 ADVOCACY FOR DOCTORS TO EVEN 9305 06:52:55,643 --> 06:52:57,112 WASH THEIR HANDS AND HAD TO BE A 9306 06:52:57,112 --> 06:52:58,613 HUGE PARADIGM SHIFT. 9307 06:52:58,613 --> 06:53:00,348 I THINK WE'RE IN THAT STABLE 9308 06:53:00,348 --> 06:53:01,850 LOOKING BACK AT MEDIEVAL TIMES 9309 06:53:01,850 --> 06:53:03,118 LIKE WHAT WERE THEY THINKING AND 9310 06:53:03,118 --> 06:53:08,456 WE'RE IN THE MIDDLE OF IT. 9311 06:53:08,456 --> 06:53:09,924 I PROFESSIONALLY WORK ON THIS ON 9312 06:53:09,924 --> 06:53:11,926 A DAY TO DAY BASIS AND SEE 9313 06:53:11,926 --> 06:53:13,128 PEOPLE WHO TAKE THE STEPS YOU 9314 06:53:13,128 --> 06:53:14,696 RECOMMEND AND STILL SEE HIGH 9315 06:53:14,696 --> 06:53:16,197 BODY BURDEN LEVELS WE NEED TO 9316 06:53:16,197 --> 06:53:19,501 ADDRESS ON A PHYSICAL LEVEL. 9317 06:53:19,501 --> 06:53:26,474 SO HOW DO WE ADVOCATE WITHOUT 9318 06:53:26,474 --> 06:53:28,843 CONSEQUENCE TO THE PROCESSES FOR 9319 06:53:28,843 --> 06:53:31,346 THE PRODUCTS IN OUR WORLD 9320 06:53:31,346 --> 06:53:32,814 HARMING US WITHOUT ADVOCACY? 9321 06:53:32,814 --> 06:53:33,815 >> THAT'S A HUGE QUESTION. 9322 06:53:33,815 --> 06:53:37,685 I DON'T KNOW IF WE'LL BE ABLE TO 9323 06:53:37,685 --> 06:53:38,753 ANSWER THAT. 9324 06:53:38,753 --> 06:53:39,821 MAYBE THAT'S JUST FOOD FOR 9325 06:53:39,821 --> 06:53:42,056 THOUGHT FOR ALL OF US AND WE'LL 9326 06:53:42,056 --> 06:53:47,729 KIND OF LEAVE IT AT THAT. 9327 06:53:47,729 --> 06:53:48,763 >> I THINK WHAT YOU'RE GETTING 9328 06:53:48,763 --> 06:53:50,231 TO AND LEAVE IT WITH THIS AS 9329 06:53:50,231 --> 06:53:51,933 WELL WHICH IS WE HAVE TO THINK 9330 06:53:51,933 --> 06:53:53,802 ABOUT HEALTH HOLISTICALLY. 9331 06:53:53,802 --> 06:53:57,572 WE CAN DECREASE AND MITIGATE THE 9332 06:53:57,572 --> 06:53:59,541 RISK OF EDCs BUT HAVE TO 9333 06:53:59,541 --> 06:54:01,609 INCREASE THINGS WE KNOW ARE 9334 06:54:01,609 --> 06:54:01,976 HEALTHY. 9335 06:54:01,976 --> 06:54:03,178 DO THINGS AND TAKE THINGS IN OUR 9336 06:54:03,178 --> 06:54:07,515 BODY AND ENVIRONMENTS WE KNOW 9337 06:54:07,515 --> 06:54:08,616 PROMOTE HEALTH. 9338 06:54:08,616 --> 06:54:12,587 EXERCISE, SLEEP, VITAMINS, 9339 06:54:12,587 --> 06:54:18,059 NUTRITION, ALL THE THINGS -- 9340 06:54:18,059 --> 06:54:20,228 STRESS MITIGATION, MEDITATION, 9341 06:54:20,228 --> 06:54:21,796 THEY HELP AND MAY BE ABLE TO 9342 06:54:21,796 --> 06:54:23,832 BLOCK THE EFFECTS OF EDCs. 9343 06:54:23,832 --> 06:54:27,268 WE NEED TO MITIGATE THE EDCs BY 9344 06:54:27,268 --> 06:54:28,303 ENCOURAGING HOLISTIC HEALTH BY 9345 06:54:28,303 --> 06:54:31,272 ENCOURAGING HEALTHY PRACTICES IN 9346 06:54:31,272 --> 06:54:34,576 INDIVIDUALS AND ACROSS OUR 9347 06:54:34,576 --> 06:54:34,876 POPULATION. 9348 06:54:34,876 --> 06:54:37,312 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 9349 06:54:37,312 --> 06:54:38,213 ON THAT NOTE THANK YOU 9350 06:54:38,213 --> 06:54:47,288 DR. MESSERLIAN AND INVITE DR 9351 06:54:47,288 --> 06:54:49,457 DR. SCHUG TO SAY PARTING WORDS 9352 06:54:49,457 --> 06:54:55,964 TO CLOSE OUT DAY ONE. 9353 06:54:55,964 --> 06:54:57,699 >> WHAT A FIRST DAY. 9354 06:54:57,699 --> 06:55:01,102 I WANT TO THANK SEKAI AND THE 9355 06:55:01,102 --> 06:55:04,138 OTHER ORGANIZERS FOR RUNNING 9356 06:55:04,138 --> 06:55:06,407 SUCH A WELL-RUN MEETING AND 9357 06:55:06,407 --> 06:55:11,446 KEEPING EVERYONE ON PACE AND FOR 9358 06:55:11,446 --> 06:55:14,516 INCLUDING TALKS THERE EXPERTS, 9359 06:55:14,516 --> 06:55:15,583 COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND FROM A 9360 06:55:15,583 --> 06:55:18,219 WIDE RANGE OF SPEAKERS. 9361 06:55:18,219 --> 06:55:19,954 SO WE GOT TO HEAR ABOUT THE 9362 06:55:19,954 --> 06:55:20,188 SCIENCE. 9363 06:55:20,188 --> 06:55:23,224 A LOT OF ABOUT POTENTIAL WAYS TO 9364 06:55:23,224 --> 06:55:25,894 PREVENT AND MITIGATE EDCs, WAYS 9365 06:55:25,894 --> 06:55:31,266 TO DAMAGE OUR BODY BUT THERE'S 9366 06:55:31,266 --> 06:55:34,969 HOPE FOR A BETTER FUTURE. 9367 06:55:34,969 --> 06:55:36,871 TOMORROW WE KICK THINGS OFF AT 9368 06:55:36,871 --> 06:55:39,507 9:30 AND HOPE THE PARTICIPANTS 9369 06:55:39,507 --> 06:55:43,211 THAT WERE AT TODAY'S MEETING IN 9370 06:55:43,211 --> 06:55:47,916 PERSON AND VIRTUALLY WILL BE 9371 06:55:47,916 --> 06:55:49,617 ABLE TO ATTEND AND I HOPE 9372 06:55:49,617 --> 06:55:50,752 EVERYONE HAS A GREAT EVENING AND 9373 06:55:50,752 --> 06:55:56,524 HAS A CHANCE TO WALK AROUND THE 9374 06:55:56,524 --> 06:55:57,525 BEAUTIFUL NIH CAMPUS AND ENJOY 9375 06:55:57,525 --> 06:55:57,759 DINNER. 9376 06:55:57,759 --> 06:56:07,759 THANK YOU.