1 00:00:06,666 --> 00:00:09,735 WELCOME, EVERYBODY, TO NIGMS 2 00:00:09,735 --> 00:00:10,102 COUNCIL. 3 00:00:10,102 --> 00:00:11,204 THE BEST THING ABOUT BEING IN 4 00:00:11,204 --> 00:00:14,240 PERSON IS I GET TO USE THE GAV 5 00:00:14,240 --> 00:00:14,440 GAVEL. 6 00:00:14,440 --> 00:00:17,076 THAT MAKES ME VERY HAPPY. 7 00:00:17,076 --> 00:00:18,144 WE'RE GOING TO START WITH 8 00:00:18,144 --> 00:00:20,446 INTRODUCTIONS. 9 00:00:20,446 --> 00:00:21,614 I'M JON LORSCH, DIRECTOR OF 10 00:00:21,614 --> 00:00:22,915 NIGMS, AND LET'S GO AROUND THE 11 00:00:22,915 --> 00:00:29,021 ROOM THIS WAY. 12 00:00:29,021 --> 00:00:32,425 >> UNMUTE ON ZOOM, UNMUTE IN THE 13 00:00:32,425 --> 00:00:32,825 ROOM. 14 00:00:32,825 --> 00:00:38,998 I'M DORIT ZUCK, DEPUTY DIRECTOR. 15 00:00:38,998 --> 00:00:41,267 >> ERIC ALANI, MEMBER OF 16 00:00:41,267 --> 00:00:41,501 COUNCIL. 17 00:00:41,501 --> 00:00:44,437 >> ANGELA BYARS-WINSTON, 18 00:00:44,437 --> 00:00:45,104 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON, 19 00:00:45,104 --> 00:00:47,573 MEMBER OF COUNCIL. 20 00:00:47,573 --> 00:00:49,342 >> I'M DAVID MATHEWS FROM THE 21 00:00:49,342 --> 00:00:50,643 UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER FROM THE 22 00:00:50,643 --> 00:00:52,645 DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND 23 00:00:52,645 --> 00:00:53,846 BIOPHYSICS AND OUR CENTER FOR 24 00:00:53,846 --> 00:00:57,917 RNA BIOLOGY. 25 00:00:57,917 --> 00:01:00,019 >> LUCY O'BRIEN, STANFORD SCHOOL 26 00:01:00,019 --> 00:01:01,420 OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF 27 00:01:01,420 --> 00:01:02,755 MOLECULAR CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY, 28 00:01:02,755 --> 00:01:05,491 AND I'M HERE AS AN AD HOC. 29 00:01:05,491 --> 00:01:08,494 >> ANGELA DEBASE, HOWARD HUGHES 30 00:01:08,494 --> 00:01:10,596 MEDICAL INSTITUTE AND HARVARD 31 00:01:10,596 --> 00:01:11,330 MEDICAL SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF 32 00:01:11,330 --> 00:01:12,465 SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND I'M A MEMBER 33 00:01:12,465 --> 00:01:13,966 OF COUNCIL. 34 00:01:13,966 --> 00:01:16,569 >> RON KING, UNIVERSITY OF 35 00:01:16,569 --> 00:01:17,336 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, KECK SCHOOL 36 00:01:17,336 --> 00:01:20,306 OF MEDICINE, TRANSLATIONAL 37 00:01:20,306 --> 00:01:22,275 GENOMICS DEPARTMENT. 38 00:01:22,275 --> 00:01:26,846 >> TERRI GOSS-KINZY, RUTGERS, 39 00:01:26,846 --> 00:01:28,281 DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND 40 00:01:28,281 --> 00:01:29,282 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND MEMBER OF 41 00:01:29,282 --> 00:01:30,783 COUNCIL. 42 00:01:30,783 --> 00:01:36,289 >> I'M JEFF MUGRIDGE, UNIVERSITY 43 00:01:36,289 --> 00:01:37,590 OF DELAWARE, DEPARTMENT OF 44 00:01:37,590 --> 00:01:38,891 CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, HERE 45 00:01:38,891 --> 00:01:41,327 AS AN AD HOC, EARLY CAREER. 46 00:01:41,327 --> 00:01:42,662 >> HI, EVERYONE. 47 00:01:42,662 --> 00:01:47,633 I'M WENDY YOUNG, FORMER SBP AT 48 00:01:47,633 --> 00:01:49,402 GENOTECH, ADVISOR AT GOOGLE 49 00:01:49,402 --> 00:01:50,303 VENTURES. 50 00:01:50,303 --> 00:01:51,737 >> MY NAME IS JEFF SUN, 51 00:01:51,737 --> 00:01:53,172 PROFESSOR OF HIGHER EDUCATION 52 00:01:53,172 --> 00:01:54,440 AND LAW. 53 00:01:54,440 --> 00:01:56,509 I AM NOT A SCIENTIST HERE. 54 00:01:56,509 --> 00:02:01,914 BUT I'M THE OBLIGATORY LAWYER 55 00:02:01,914 --> 00:02:02,915 HERE, UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE. 56 00:02:02,915 --> 00:02:05,551 >> HARD ACT TO FOLLOW. 57 00:02:05,551 --> 00:02:06,719 PAM STACKS FROM SAN JOSÉ STATE 58 00:02:06,719 --> 00:02:08,854 IN CALIFORNIA. 59 00:02:08,854 --> 00:02:10,289 PROFESSOR EMERITUS, DEPARTMENT 60 00:02:10,289 --> 00:02:12,024 OF CHEMISTRY. 61 00:02:12,024 --> 00:02:12,959 COUNCILMEMBER. 62 00:02:12,959 --> 00:02:18,898 >> AMY ROSENZWEIG, NORTHWESTERN 63 00:02:18,898 --> 00:02:20,366 UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENTS OF 64 00:02:20,366 --> 00:02:22,001 MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES AND 65 00:02:22,001 --> 00:02:22,268 CHEMISTRY. 66 00:02:22,268 --> 00:02:29,308 >> RON PRZYGODZKI, I AM YOUR 67 00:02:29,308 --> 00:02:31,811 HAPPY GO LUCKY EX-OFFICIO 68 00:02:31,811 --> 00:02:33,713 INDIVIDUAL. 69 00:02:33,713 --> 00:02:36,182 >> HI, I'M LESILEE ROSE. 70 00:02:36,182 --> 00:02:37,283 DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR AND 71 00:02:37,283 --> 00:02:39,051 CELLULAR BIOLOGY AT THE 72 00:02:39,051 --> 00:02:40,019 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS, 73 00:02:40,019 --> 00:02:41,220 AND I'M A REGULAR MEMBER OF 74 00:02:41,220 --> 00:02:43,823 COUNCIL. 75 00:02:43,823 --> 00:02:52,999 >> I'M JUSTUS DEPARTMENT OF 76 00:02:52,999 --> 00:02:55,134 ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER 77 00:02:55,134 --> 00:02:58,070 ENGINEERING, AD HOC MEMBER. 78 00:02:58,070 --> 00:03:02,041 >> LEYSE WINS FIELD, DEPARTMENT 79 00:03:02,041 --> 00:03:04,076 OF CHEMISTRY, I SPEND MOST OF MY 80 00:03:04,076 --> 00:03:07,213 DAYS AS DIVISION CHAIR FOR 81 00:03:07,213 --> 00:03:08,681 NATURAL SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS 82 00:03:08,681 --> 00:03:11,283 AND OVERSEEING THE CENTER FOR 83 00:03:11,283 --> 00:03:12,551 EXCELLENCE FOR MINORITY WOMEN IN 84 00:03:12,551 --> 00:03:12,752 STEM. 85 00:03:12,752 --> 00:03:15,688 >> ERICA BROWN, DIRECTOR OF 86 00:03:15,688 --> 00:03:16,789 DIVISION OF EXTRAMURAL 87 00:03:16,789 --> 00:03:18,257 ACTIVITIES AT NIGMS AND 88 00:03:18,257 --> 00:03:18,924 EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF COUNCIL. 89 00:03:18,924 --> 00:03:19,959 THANKS FOR JOINING US TODAY. 90 00:03:19,959 --> 00:03:20,860 >> THANK YOU, EVERYONE. 91 00:03:20,860 --> 00:03:21,927 THANKS AGAIN FOR COMING. 92 00:03:21,927 --> 00:03:24,030 IT'S NOW MY GREAT PLEASURE TO 93 00:03:24,030 --> 00:03:25,097 READ TO YOU THE CONFLICT OF 94 00:03:25,097 --> 00:03:26,899 INTEREST STATEMENT. 95 00:03:26,899 --> 00:03:28,367 YOU SHOULD ALL HAVE A CONFLICT 96 00:03:28,367 --> 00:03:29,435 OF INTEREST FORM IN FRONT OF 97 00:03:29,435 --> 00:03:30,770 YOU. 98 00:03:30,770 --> 00:03:32,104 PLEASE SIGN IT AS I READ THE 99 00:03:32,104 --> 00:03:33,105 CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT 100 00:03:33,105 --> 00:03:34,907 AND LEAVE IT ON THE TABLE. 101 00:03:34,907 --> 00:03:37,343 UNLESS YOU'VE ALREADY SIGNED IT. 102 00:03:37,343 --> 00:03:38,544 OUR TEAM WILL COLLECT IT DURING 103 00:03:38,544 --> 00:03:39,745 THE BREAK. 104 00:03:39,745 --> 00:03:41,914 ADVISORS AND CONSULTANTS SERVING 105 00:03:41,914 --> 00:03:43,616 AS MEMBERS OF PUBLIC ADVISORY 106 00:03:43,616 --> 00:03:44,717 COMMITTEES MAY NOT PARTICIPATE 107 00:03:44,717 --> 00:03:47,253 IN SITUATIONS IN WHICH ANY 108 00:03:47,253 --> 00:03:48,087 VIOLATION OF CONFLICT OF 109 00:03:48,087 --> 00:03:49,789 INTEREST LAWS AND REGULATIONS 110 00:03:49,789 --> 00:03:51,323 MAY OCCUR. 111 00:03:51,323 --> 00:03:53,159 STAFF WILL ENSURE THAT A 112 00:03:53,159 --> 00:03:54,427 COMMITTEE MEMBER DOES NOT 113 00:03:54,427 --> 00:03:55,828 PARTICIPATE IN AND IS NOT 114 00:03:55,828 --> 00:03:57,563 PRESENT DURING REVIEW OF 115 00:03:57,563 --> 00:03:58,531 APPLICATIONS OR PROJECTS IN 116 00:03:58,531 --> 00:04:00,466 WHICH TO THE MEMBER'S KNOWLEDGE 117 00:04:00,466 --> 00:04:02,268 ANY OF THE FOLLOWING HAS A 118 00:04:02,268 --> 00:04:04,737 FINANCIAL INTEREST: THE MEMBER, 119 00:04:04,737 --> 00:04:06,338 THEIR SPOUSE, MINOR CHILD, 120 00:04:06,338 --> 00:04:07,773 PARTNER, INCLUDING CLOSE 121 00:04:07,773 --> 00:04:10,042 PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATES, OR AN 122 00:04:10,042 --> 00:04:10,810 ORGANIZATION WITH WHICH THE 123 00:04:10,810 --> 00:04:11,777 MEMBER IS CONNECTED. 124 00:04:11,777 --> 00:04:13,946 IN ADDITION, CONFLICTS OF 125 00:04:13,946 --> 00:04:15,381 INTEREST MAY OCCUR BECAUSE OF 126 00:04:15,381 --> 00:04:17,116 OTHER PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, 127 00:04:17,116 --> 00:04:20,352 SUCH AS WITH RECENT STUDENTS, 128 00:04:20,352 --> 00:04:20,986 COLLABORATORS, PERSONAL FRIENDS 129 00:04:20,986 --> 00:04:22,221 OR SCIENTISTS WITH WHOM THE 130 00:04:22,221 --> 00:04:24,290 MEMBER HAS HAD LONG-STANDING 131 00:04:24,290 --> 00:04:25,925 SCIENTIFIC OR PERSONAL 132 00:04:25,925 --> 00:04:26,258 DIFFERENCES. 133 00:04:26,258 --> 00:04:28,761 TO ENSURE THAT A MEMBER DOES NOT 134 00:04:28,761 --> 00:04:29,428 PARTICIPATE IN THE DISCUSSION OF 135 00:04:29,428 --> 00:04:31,464 NOR VOTE ON AN APPLICATION IN 136 00:04:31,464 --> 00:04:33,999 WHICH THEY ARE IN CONFLICT, A 137 00:04:33,999 --> 00:04:34,567 WRITTEN CERTIFICATION IS 138 00:04:34,567 --> 00:04:35,434 REQUIRED. 139 00:04:35,434 --> 00:04:36,802 THIS STATEMENT WILL BECOME PART 140 00:04:36,802 --> 00:04:39,138 OF THE MEETING FILE. 141 00:04:39,138 --> 00:04:40,339 THE OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS 142 00:04:40,339 --> 00:04:42,374 HAS PROVIDED A WAIVER FOR 143 00:04:42,374 --> 00:04:43,442 FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 144 00:04:43,442 --> 00:04:45,144 MEMBERS EMPLOYED IN ONE 145 00:04:45,144 --> 00:04:47,213 UNIVERSITY OF A STATE 146 00:04:47,213 --> 00:04:48,280 MULTI-UNIVERSITY SYSTEM TO 147 00:04:48,280 --> 00:04:49,749 REVIEW APPLICATIONS FROM A 148 00:04:49,749 --> 00:04:51,283 SEPARATE UNIVERSITY OF THE SAME 149 00:04:51,283 --> 00:04:52,818 SYSTEM, PROVIDED THE MEMBER HAS 150 00:04:52,818 --> 00:04:55,621 NO CONFLICTING INSTITUTIONAL 151 00:04:55,621 --> 00:04:56,689 RESPONSIBILITIES. 152 00:04:56,689 --> 00:04:58,324 IN ADDITION, FEDERAL ADVISORY 153 00:04:58,324 --> 00:04:59,425 COMMITTEE MEMBER WHO IS EMPLOYED 154 00:04:59,425 --> 00:05:02,828 BY A PRIVATE INSTITUTION OR AT A 155 00:05:02,828 --> 00:05:04,663 PRIVATE INSTITUTION AND AT ONE 156 00:05:04,663 --> 00:05:06,065 OF ITS AFFILIATES MAY 157 00:05:06,065 --> 00:05:07,466 PARTICIPATE IN THE REVIEW OF 158 00:05:07,466 --> 00:05:08,467 GRANT APPLICATION SUBMITTED BY 159 00:05:08,467 --> 00:05:10,336 ANOTHER AFFILIATE OF THE PRIVATE 160 00:05:10,336 --> 00:05:12,438 INSTITUTION IF THEY DO NOT HOLD 161 00:05:12,438 --> 00:05:14,406 A JOINT APPOINTMENT WITH THE 162 00:05:14,406 --> 00:05:15,708 AFFILIATE THAT HAS SUBMITTED THE 163 00:05:15,708 --> 00:05:17,209 APPLICATION, DO NOT HAVE 164 00:05:17,209 --> 00:05:18,110 AFFILIATE-WIDE RESPONSIBILITIES, 165 00:05:18,110 --> 00:05:20,446 AND HAVE A WAIVER TO DO SO. 166 00:05:20,446 --> 00:05:22,214 WE AT NIGMS KEEP TRACK OF THE 167 00:05:22,214 --> 00:05:23,883 MORE EASILY IDENTIFIABLE 168 00:05:23,883 --> 00:05:25,117 CONFLICTS FOR YOU. 169 00:05:25,117 --> 00:05:30,322 WE RELY ON YOU TO IDENTIFY OTHER 170 00:05:30,322 --> 00:05:31,690 TYPES OF CONFLICTS SUCH AS THOSE 171 00:05:31,690 --> 00:05:33,425 WE ARE UNLIKELY TO KNOW ABOUT, 172 00:05:33,425 --> 00:05:34,560 RECENT STUDENTS, PERSONAL 173 00:05:34,560 --> 00:05:35,161 FRIENDS, ET CETERA. 174 00:05:35,161 --> 00:05:36,729 PLEASE DON'T HESITATE TO LET US 175 00:05:36,729 --> 00:05:37,630 KNOW IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS 176 00:05:37,630 --> 00:05:38,631 ABOUT A CONFLICT DURING THE 177 00:05:38,631 --> 00:05:39,799 MEETING. 178 00:05:39,799 --> 00:05:42,301 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 179 00:05:42,301 --> 00:05:43,936 OKAY. 180 00:05:43,936 --> 00:05:45,638 WITH THAT, WE'RE GOING TO 181 00:05:45,638 --> 00:05:46,338 CONSIDER THE MINUTES FROM THE 182 00:05:46,338 --> 00:05:47,106 PREVIOUS MEETING. 183 00:05:47,106 --> 00:05:49,475 DOES ANYONE HAVE ANY AMENDMENTS 184 00:05:49,475 --> 00:05:50,209 OR CONCERNS WITH THE MINUTES 185 00:05:50,209 --> 00:05:53,612 FROM THE PREVIOUS MEETING? 186 00:05:53,612 --> 00:05:55,648 HEARING NONE, I WILL ASSUME 187 00:05:55,648 --> 00:05:56,649 UNANIMOUS CONSENT AND THOSE 188 00:05:56,649 --> 00:05:58,717 MINUTES ARE APPROVED. 189 00:05:58,717 --> 00:05:58,918 OKAY. 190 00:05:58,918 --> 00:06:00,653 THEN WE NEED TO CONFIRM FUTURE 191 00:06:00,653 --> 00:06:02,454 COUNCIL MEETING DATES. 192 00:06:02,454 --> 00:06:04,557 THE NEXT THREE COUNCIL MEETING 193 00:06:04,557 --> 00:06:07,459 DATES ARE WEDNESDAY, NOT 194 00:06:07,459 --> 00:06:09,628 THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 18TH, 2024, 195 00:06:09,628 --> 00:06:13,365 WHICH WILL BE A VIRTUAL MEETING. 196 00:06:13,365 --> 00:06:15,534 THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6TH, 2025 197 00:06:15,534 --> 00:06:18,170 ALSO A VIRTUAL MEETING, AND THEN 198 00:06:18,170 --> 00:06:19,939 THURSDAY, MAY 22ND, 2025, WHICH 199 00:06:19,939 --> 00:06:23,209 WILL BE OUR IN-PERSON MEETING. 200 00:06:23,209 --> 00:06:24,376 DOES ANYONE HAVE ANY OBJECTIONS 201 00:06:24,376 --> 00:06:27,379 TO THOSE DATES? 202 00:06:27,379 --> 00:06:27,947 GOOD. 203 00:06:27,947 --> 00:06:30,216 SO WITH THAT, THEN, WE WILL 204 00:06:30,216 --> 00:06:31,217 ASSUME UNANIMOUS CONSENT ON THE 205 00:06:31,217 --> 00:06:32,852 DATES AS WELL AND WE'LL MOVE TO 206 00:06:32,852 --> 00:06:35,721 MY DIRECTOR'S REPORT. 207 00:06:35,721 --> 00:06:36,689 WHICH MEANS I HAVE TO GO UP 208 00:06:36,689 --> 00:06:46,799 THERE. 209 00:07:11,457 --> 00:07:11,724 ALL RIGHT. 210 00:07:11,724 --> 00:07:12,992 THANK YOU, EVERYBODY. 211 00:07:12,992 --> 00:07:14,226 I'LL NOW GIVE AN UPDATE ON 212 00:07:14,226 --> 00:07:15,427 THINGS THAT HAVE BEEN HAPPENING 213 00:07:15,427 --> 00:07:16,929 AT THE INSTITUTE OVER THE LAST 214 00:07:16,929 --> 00:07:18,097 FOUR MONTHS SINCE WE SAW YOU 215 00:07:18,097 --> 00:07:21,800 BEFORE. 216 00:07:21,800 --> 00:07:22,935 SO UNFORTUNATELY SOME SAD THINGS 217 00:07:22,935 --> 00:07:24,203 I HAVE TO TELL YOU, WE HAVE 218 00:07:24,203 --> 00:07:25,437 SEVERAL COUNCILMEMBERS RETIRING. 219 00:07:25,437 --> 00:07:26,772 MAYBE IT'S NOT SAD FOR THEM. 220 00:07:26,772 --> 00:07:28,407 SAD FOR US. 221 00:07:28,407 --> 00:07:29,508 RETIRING FROM COUNCIL, NOT 222 00:07:29,508 --> 00:07:31,176 NECESSARILY FROM THEIR CAREERS. 223 00:07:31,176 --> 00:07:33,445 AMY, WHO YOU HEARD FROM JUST A 224 00:07:33,445 --> 00:07:35,080 MINUTE AGO AND MELANIE ARE BOTH 225 00:07:35,080 --> 00:07:36,382 RETIRING. 226 00:07:36,382 --> 00:07:38,350 AS IS PAM OVER HERE. 227 00:07:38,350 --> 00:07:39,985 SO I ACTUALLY -- SINCE WE'RE IN 228 00:07:39,985 --> 00:07:43,322 PERSON I'M ABLE TO GIVE YOU EACH 229 00:07:43,322 --> 00:07:45,157 A CERTIFICATE AND SIGNED LETTER 230 00:07:45,157 --> 00:07:47,126 FROM LARRY TABAK THANKING YOU 231 00:07:47,126 --> 00:07:47,793 FOR YOUR SERVICE. 232 00:07:47,793 --> 00:07:48,594 SO THANK YOU VERY MUCH TO BOTH 233 00:07:48,594 --> 00:07:50,329 OF YOU FOR THE GREAT SERVICE 234 00:07:50,329 --> 00:07:52,164 YOU'VE PROVIDED TO THE 235 00:07:52,164 --> 00:07:53,365 INSTITUTE. 236 00:07:53,365 --> 00:07:54,400 PAM, MAKE SURE THAT'S THE RIGHT 237 00:07:54,400 --> 00:07:55,534 ONE. 238 00:07:55,534 --> 00:08:01,807 [APPLAUSE] 239 00:08:01,807 --> 00:08:03,275 WE HAVE SOME AD HOC MEMBERS HERE 240 00:08:03,275 --> 00:08:03,575 TODAY. 241 00:08:03,575 --> 00:08:05,344 AS YOU HEARD JUST A MINUTE AGO, 242 00:08:05,344 --> 00:08:09,114 WE HAVE LUCY HERE WITH US AS A 243 00:08:09,114 --> 00:08:10,849 REGULAR AD HOC MEMBER, AND THEN 244 00:08:10,849 --> 00:08:12,418 AS WE ALWAYS DO IN COUNCIL, WE 245 00:08:12,418 --> 00:08:13,719 HAVE TWO EARLY CAREER 246 00:08:13,719 --> 00:08:14,853 PARTICIPANTS AND WE ASK THEM TO 247 00:08:14,853 --> 00:08:17,022 COME TO PROVIDE THE PERSPECTIVES 248 00:08:17,022 --> 00:08:18,424 OF EARLY CAREER RESEARCHERS, AND 249 00:08:18,424 --> 00:08:20,559 ALSO TO HELP US DEMYSTIFY WHAT 250 00:08:20,559 --> 00:08:23,095 HAPPENS ON COUNCIL. 251 00:08:23,095 --> 00:08:24,096 PEOPLE TEND TO KNOW WHAT HAPPENS 252 00:08:24,096 --> 00:08:25,531 ON STUDY SECTION THE FIRST PART 253 00:08:25,531 --> 00:08:26,899 OF THE REVIEW PROCESS, BUT NOT 254 00:08:26,899 --> 00:08:28,467 ON WHAT HAPPENS ON THE ADVISE 255 00:08:28,467 --> 00:08:28,867 REAL COUNCIL. 256 00:08:28,867 --> 00:08:31,136 SO WE ASK EARLY CAREER 257 00:08:31,136 --> 00:08:32,938 INVESTIGATORS TO HELP DEMYSTIFY 258 00:08:32,938 --> 00:08:34,840 IT FOR US AND WE HAVE JEFFREY 259 00:08:34,840 --> 00:08:37,343 AND JUSTUS HERE TODAY AND THEY 260 00:08:37,343 --> 00:08:38,610 INTRODUCED THEMSELVES A MOMENT 261 00:08:38,610 --> 00:08:40,579 AGO. 262 00:08:40,579 --> 00:08:43,182 AS USUAL, BEING A LARGE 263 00:08:43,182 --> 00:08:44,883 INSTITUTE, WE HAVE SOME COMINGS 264 00:08:44,883 --> 00:08:46,785 AND GOINGS, SO I'M VERY PLEASED 265 00:08:46,785 --> 00:08:48,120 TO BE ABLE TO TELL YOU ABOUT 266 00:08:48,120 --> 00:08:49,254 SOME NEW HIRES. 267 00:08:49,254 --> 00:08:51,991 WE HAVE JILL BRADSHAW, WHO IS A 268 00:08:51,991 --> 00:08:53,425 NEW SUPERVISORY GRANTS 269 00:08:53,425 --> 00:08:54,793 MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST IN OUR 270 00:08:54,793 --> 00:08:56,161 GRANTS ADMINISTRATION BRANCH. 271 00:08:56,161 --> 00:08:59,431 ADAM HEUBERGER, WHO HAS COME AS 272 00:08:59,431 --> 00:09:01,033 A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OFFICER IN 273 00:09:01,033 --> 00:09:05,571 OUR REVIEW BRANCH, ERIN 274 00:09:05,571 --> 00:09:06,739 ITURRIAGA, CHIEF OF OUR NEW 275 00:09:06,739 --> 00:09:07,706 BRANCH IN THE DIVISION OF 276 00:09:07,706 --> 00:09:08,907 RESEARCH CAPACITY BUILDING, THE 277 00:09:08,907 --> 00:09:11,076 HEALTH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 278 00:09:11,076 --> 00:09:13,946 PROGRAMS BRANCH, PEGGY WANG HAS 279 00:09:13,946 --> 00:09:16,081 JOINED US FROM THE NCI AS A 280 00:09:16,081 --> 00:09:17,850 PROGRAM OFFICER WITH EXPERTISE 281 00:09:17,850 --> 00:09:20,619 IN COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 282 00:09:20,619 --> 00:09:24,723 BIOINFORMATICS AND DATA SCIENCE. 283 00:09:24,723 --> 00:09:26,825 DEE WINBORNE, NEW MANAGEMENT 284 00:09:26,825 --> 00:09:27,826 ANALYST IN THE EXECUTIVE OFFICE, 285 00:09:27,826 --> 00:09:29,061 HAS JOINED US AS WELL. 286 00:09:29,061 --> 00:09:32,498 AND WE HAVE OUR LIEUTENANT 287 00:09:32,498 --> 00:09:34,033 COMMANDER MARCI WRIGHT HAS 288 00:09:34,033 --> 00:09:37,569 JOINED US AS A MEMBER OF THE 289 00:09:37,569 --> 00:09:39,204 COMMISSION CORPS, OUR FIRST 290 00:09:39,204 --> 00:09:40,539 COMMISSION CORPS MEMBER TO JOIN 291 00:09:40,539 --> 00:09:42,341 THE INSTITUTE AS A SCIENTIFIC 292 00:09:42,341 --> 00:09:43,742 REVIEW OFFICER AND SHE JOINED US 293 00:09:43,742 --> 00:09:45,044 FROM THE CDC. 294 00:09:45,044 --> 00:09:47,312 WE ALSO HAVE SEVERAL PROMOTIONS 295 00:09:47,312 --> 00:09:49,081 THAT I WANT TO REPORT TO YOU. 296 00:09:49,081 --> 00:09:52,684 ROBERT ALTIERI HAS BEEN PROMOTED 297 00:09:52,684 --> 00:09:54,453 TO A SUPERVISORY GRANTS 298 00:09:54,453 --> 00:09:54,953 MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST. 299 00:09:54,953 --> 00:10:02,428 HE WILL BE SERVING AS GRACE O 300 00:10:02,428 --> 00:10:03,529 OLISQWAGA'S -- THE DIVISION OF 301 00:10:03,529 --> 00:10:05,898 EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES. 302 00:10:05,898 --> 00:10:09,935 KELLY AUBRE CHT HAS ALSO BEEN 303 00:10:09,935 --> 00:10:11,804 PROMOTED TO SUPERVISORY GRANTS 304 00:10:11,804 --> 00:10:14,940 MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST, TEAM 305 00:10:14,940 --> 00:10:18,911 LEAD, AND ALANIA FOSTER ALSO A 306 00:10:18,911 --> 00:10:20,279 SUPERVISORY GRANTS MANAGEMENT 307 00:10:20,279 --> 00:10:21,380 SPECIALIST WITHIN GAB. 308 00:10:21,380 --> 00:10:22,915 WITH ALL THE COMINGS THERE ARE 309 00:10:22,915 --> 00:10:24,650 SOME GOINGS, SO UNFORTUNATELY I 310 00:10:24,650 --> 00:10:25,651 HAVE SOME DEPARTURES TO REPORT 311 00:10:25,651 --> 00:10:27,352 AS WELL. 312 00:10:27,352 --> 00:10:30,456 IRINA SR.KRASNOVA, A VERY GREAT 313 00:10:30,456 --> 00:10:31,757 PROGRAM OFFICER IN OUR DIVISION 314 00:10:31,757 --> 00:10:32,958 OF RESEARCH CAPACITY BUILDING 315 00:10:32,958 --> 00:10:34,960 AND LED OUR SURE PROGRAM FROM 316 00:10:34,960 --> 00:10:37,930 ITS INCEPTION IS MOVING ON TO GO 317 00:10:37,930 --> 00:10:39,565 TO THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR 318 00:10:39,565 --> 00:10:40,332 ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL 319 00:10:40,332 --> 00:10:48,540 SCIENCES. 320 00:10:48,540 --> 00:10:50,209 CHRISTINA LIU HAS MOVED ON TO 321 00:10:50,209 --> 00:10:52,878 THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL 322 00:10:52,878 --> 00:10:56,181 HEALTH AND ISAAH VINCENT HAS 323 00:10:56,181 --> 00:10:58,050 MOVED ON TO NIAMS, ACTUALLY 324 00:10:58,050 --> 00:11:01,420 WORKING WITH DARREN, OUR FORMER 325 00:11:01,420 --> 00:11:01,820 FRIEND AT NIGMS. 326 00:11:01,820 --> 00:11:04,123 SO IT'S GOOD TO SEE HE'S IN GOOD 327 00:11:04,123 --> 00:11:05,924 HANDS OVER THERE. 328 00:11:05,924 --> 00:11:07,526 WE DO HAVE SOME JOB VACANCIES 329 00:11:07,526 --> 00:11:09,795 THAT WE COULD USE YOUR HELP 330 00:11:09,795 --> 00:11:11,763 MAKING PEOPLE AWARE. 331 00:11:11,763 --> 00:11:15,734 FIRST AND FOREMOST, BECAUSE THE 332 00:11:15,734 --> 00:11:18,303 GREAT ALISON GAMMY, WHERE IS 333 00:11:18,303 --> 00:11:19,638 ALISON, HAS ANNOUNCED SHE WILL 334 00:11:19,638 --> 00:11:20,305 BE RETIRING. 335 00:11:20,305 --> 00:11:22,641 WE ARE GOING TO TRY TO FILL THE 336 00:11:22,641 --> 00:11:25,444 UNFILLABLE SHOES OF ALISON GAMMY 337 00:11:25,444 --> 00:11:28,380 AND TRY TO REPLACE HER, 338 00:11:28,380 --> 00:11:30,349 RECOGNIZING SHE IS, IN FACT, 339 00:11:30,349 --> 00:11:31,984 IRREPLACEABLE. 340 00:11:31,984 --> 00:11:33,485 BUT HELP US WITH THAT SEARCH, 341 00:11:33,485 --> 00:11:35,487 BECAUSE OBVIOUSLY IT'S 342 00:11:35,487 --> 00:11:36,121 INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT POSITION 343 00:11:36,121 --> 00:11:37,556 FOR THE INSTITUTE. 344 00:11:37,556 --> 00:11:39,258 A NUMBER OF CHIEFS, BRANCH 345 00:11:39,258 --> 00:11:42,294 CHIEFS ARE ALSO OPEN. 346 00:11:42,294 --> 00:11:44,730 WE HAVE ONE IN THE BIOMEDICAL 347 00:11:44,730 --> 00:11:47,065 TECHNOLOGY BRANCH IN BBCB, AND 348 00:11:47,065 --> 00:11:49,268 ONE IN THE POST-DOCTORAL, EARLY 349 00:11:49,268 --> 00:11:51,537 CAREER AND ALSO THE WORKFORCE 350 00:11:51,537 --> 00:11:54,006 DEVELOPMENT -- POSTDOCTORAL, 351 00:11:54,006 --> 00:11:55,007 EARLY CAREER AND WORKFORCE 352 00:11:55,007 --> 00:11:56,775 DEVELOPMENT BRANCH IN TWD. 353 00:11:56,775 --> 00:11:58,010 A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT PROGRAM 354 00:11:58,010 --> 00:12:00,913 OFFICER POSITIONS ARE ALSO OPEN. 355 00:12:00,913 --> 00:12:01,847 AS YOU CAN SEE THERE. 356 00:12:01,847 --> 00:12:03,215 SO IF YOU COULD SPREAD THE WORD 357 00:12:03,215 --> 00:12:04,783 ABOUT THESE POSITIONS TO PEOPLE 358 00:12:04,783 --> 00:12:06,885 YOU THINK MIGHT BE INTERESTED IN 359 00:12:06,885 --> 00:12:08,921 THEM, I THINK IT'S A VERY 360 00:12:08,921 --> 00:12:09,821 EXCELLENT OPPORTUNITY FOR 361 00:12:09,821 --> 00:12:13,091 SOMEONE WHO'S LOOKING TO DO 362 00:12:13,091 --> 00:12:14,760 SOMETHING ELSE WITHIN SCIENCE, 363 00:12:14,760 --> 00:12:16,395 MAKE A BIGGER CONTRIBUTION TO 364 00:12:16,395 --> 00:12:19,031 THE ENTIRE NATIONAL STAGE, AND 365 00:12:19,031 --> 00:12:20,432 WE WOULD CERTAINLY VALUE YOUR 366 00:12:20,432 --> 00:12:21,800 HELP IN SPREADING THE WORD ABOUT 367 00:12:21,800 --> 00:12:24,136 THIS. 368 00:12:24,136 --> 00:12:25,971 WE ALSO DO HAVE A SCIENTIFIC 369 00:12:25,971 --> 00:12:29,675 REVIEW OFFICER POSITION OPEN IN 370 00:12:29,675 --> 00:12:30,909 SRB, SO AGAIN, IF YOU HAVE 371 00:12:30,909 --> 00:12:31,977 SOMEONE WHO MIGHT BE GOOD FOR 372 00:12:31,977 --> 00:12:33,512 THAT POSITION, PLEASE MAKE THEM 373 00:12:33,512 --> 00:12:36,381 AWARE OF THIS. 374 00:12:36,381 --> 00:12:38,450 NOW, NIH-WIDE, SOME COMINGS AND 375 00:12:38,450 --> 00:12:40,018 GOINGS TO REPORT AS WELL. 376 00:12:40,018 --> 00:12:42,721 THERE IS A NEW DIRECTOR OF THE 377 00:12:42,721 --> 00:12:43,855 FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER, 378 00:12:43,855 --> 00:12:45,357 KATHLEEN NEUZIL. 379 00:12:45,357 --> 00:12:47,392 SHE WAS APPOINTED DIRECTOR OF 380 00:12:47,392 --> 00:12:49,027 FIC AS WELL AS THE NIH ASSOCIATE 381 00:12:49,027 --> 00:12:50,562 DIRECTOR FOR INTERNATIONAL 382 00:12:50,562 --> 00:12:52,731 RESEARCH IN EARLY MAY. 383 00:12:52,731 --> 00:12:55,701 SHE PREVIOUSLY WAS THE MYRON 384 00:12:55,701 --> 00:12:59,538 LEVINE ENDOWED PROFESSOR OF 385 00:12:59,538 --> 00:13:00,138 VACCINOLOGY AS WELL AS THE 386 00:13:00,138 --> 00:13:01,373 DIRECT INVENTORY OF THE CENTER 387 00:13:01,373 --> 00:13:02,441 OF VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND 388 00:13:02,441 --> 00:13:03,342 GLOBAL HEALTH AT THE UNIVERSITY 389 00:13:03,342 --> 00:13:06,178 OF MARYLAND IN BALTIMORE. 390 00:13:06,178 --> 00:13:08,313 SHE BRINGS A DECADE -- DECADES 391 00:13:08,313 --> 00:13:12,017 OF EXPERIENCE IN GLOBAL PUBLIC 392 00:13:12,017 --> 00:13:15,387 HEALTH, SPECIFICALLY IN 393 00:13:15,387 --> 00:13:18,056 VACCINOLOGY AND SERVED FOR MANY 394 00:13:18,056 --> 00:13:20,559 YEARS AS VACCINE POLICY ADVISOR 395 00:13:20,559 --> 00:13:21,927 TO CDC AND WHO. 396 00:13:21,927 --> 00:13:23,462 SO EXCELLENT ADDITION TO NIH AND 397 00:13:23,462 --> 00:13:24,363 WE LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING WITH 398 00:13:24,363 --> 00:13:26,198 HER. 399 00:13:26,198 --> 00:13:27,032 UNFORTUNATELY I ALSO HAVE A 400 00:13:27,032 --> 00:13:28,967 GOING TO REPORT, WHICH IS OUR 401 00:13:28,967 --> 00:13:30,102 COLLEAGUE, JOSH GORDON, DIRECTOR 402 00:13:30,102 --> 00:13:31,770 OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 403 00:13:31,770 --> 00:13:32,871 MENTAL HEALTH HAS ANNOUNCED HE 404 00:13:32,871 --> 00:13:35,307 WILL BE LEAVING IN JUNE. 405 00:13:35,307 --> 00:13:37,709 UNDER HIS LEADERSHIP, NIMH DID 406 00:13:37,709 --> 00:13:40,112 ALL KINDS OF FANTASTIC THINGS, 407 00:13:40,112 --> 00:13:43,148 FOCUSING ON RISK REDUCTION, ON 408 00:13:43,148 --> 00:13:44,750 SCREENING, ON SERVICES AND THE 409 00:13:44,750 --> 00:13:46,485 RAPID EVOLUTION OF TELEMEDICINE 410 00:13:46,485 --> 00:13:47,552 JUST AS EXAMPLES. 411 00:13:47,552 --> 00:13:49,187 HE IS GOING TO RETURN TO 412 00:13:49,187 --> 00:13:50,722 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY AS CHAIR OF 413 00:13:50,722 --> 00:13:52,758 THEIR DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY 414 00:13:52,758 --> 00:13:54,760 AND PSYCHIATRIST IN CHIEF OF THE 415 00:13:54,760 --> 00:13:56,328 NEW YORK PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL 416 00:13:56,328 --> 00:13:58,497 CAMPUS AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. 417 00:13:58,497 --> 00:14:00,465 SO WE WILL MISS JOSH A LOT. 418 00:14:00,465 --> 00:14:02,234 HE'S BEEN A GREAT FORCE, BUT 419 00:14:02,234 --> 00:14:03,802 THANK HIM FOR EVERYTHING HE'S 420 00:14:03,802 --> 00:14:06,571 DONE. 421 00:14:06,571 --> 00:14:08,206 NOW, WE DO HAVE SOME 422 00:14:08,206 --> 00:14:09,574 CONGRESSIONAL INTERACTIONS TO 423 00:14:09,574 --> 00:14:11,176 REPORT DURING THE PANDEMIC 424 00:14:11,176 --> 00:14:13,345 OBVIOUSLY THESE SLOWED DOWN, BUT 425 00:14:13,345 --> 00:14:14,579 THINGS HAVE STARTED TO PICK UP 426 00:14:14,579 --> 00:14:16,682 AGAIN WHICH IS GREAT TO SEE, AND 427 00:14:16,682 --> 00:14:19,151 BEEN VERY EXCITING. 428 00:14:19,151 --> 00:14:23,288 SENATOR SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO 429 00:14:23,288 --> 00:14:26,858 HOSTED A DELEGATION FROM NIH 430 00:14:26,858 --> 00:14:28,293 CONSISTING OF MONICA 431 00:14:28,293 --> 00:14:29,561 BERTAGNOLLI, NIH DIRECTOR, TEAR 432 00:14:29,561 --> 00:14:31,863 A SCHWETZ, DIRECTOR FOR DPCPSI 433 00:14:31,863 --> 00:14:34,099 IN THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 434 00:14:34,099 --> 00:14:36,301 AND MYSELF, AT WEST VIRGINIA 435 00:14:36,301 --> 00:14:38,036 UNIVERSITY, AND IT WAS A GREAT 436 00:14:38,036 --> 00:14:41,106 TRIP. 437 00:14:41,106 --> 00:14:42,541 WE LEARNED ABOUT ALL THE THINGS, 438 00:14:42,541 --> 00:14:44,943 THE INVESTMENTS THAT NIH AND 439 00:14:44,943 --> 00:14:47,979 PARTICULARLY NIGMS MAKES IN WEST 440 00:14:47,979 --> 00:14:48,647 VIRGINIA. 441 00:14:48,647 --> 00:14:49,848 ALMOST 50% OF ALL THE NIH 442 00:14:49,848 --> 00:14:51,283 FUNDING IN THE STATE OF WEST 443 00:14:51,283 --> 00:14:52,718 VIRGINIA COMES JUST FROM NIGMS 444 00:14:52,718 --> 00:14:56,855 TO PUT THIS IN PERSPECTIVE. 445 00:14:56,855 --> 00:14:58,790 SO REALLY OUR FOOTPRINT THERE IS 446 00:14:58,790 --> 00:14:59,791 QUITE ENORMOUS BUT WHAT THEY'RE 447 00:14:59,791 --> 00:15:01,159 DOING WITH THOSE FUNDS IS 448 00:15:01,159 --> 00:15:02,060 EXTREMELY IMPRESSIVE. 449 00:15:02,060 --> 00:15:03,829 I THINK DR. BERTAGNOLLI WAS VERY 450 00:15:03,829 --> 00:15:06,932 IMPRESSED WITH WHAT SHE SAW. 451 00:15:06,932 --> 00:15:11,703 IN ADDITION TO SENATOR CAPITO, 452 00:15:11,703 --> 00:15:21,046 WE WERE JOINED BY SENATOR MA 453 00:15:21,046 --> 00:15:24,750 MANSION FOR LUNCH. 454 00:15:24,750 --> 00:15:26,685 MING LEI, WHO USED TO BE OUR 455 00:15:26,685 --> 00:15:29,688 DIRECTOR OF THE DRCB WHO IS NOW 456 00:15:29,688 --> 00:15:30,822 VICE PRESIDENT OF RESEARCH AT 457 00:15:30,822 --> 00:15:31,556 WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY. 458 00:15:31,556 --> 00:15:35,327 SO OVERALL, TERRIFIC VISIT, 459 00:15:35,327 --> 00:15:37,028 THANK SENATOR CAPITO FOR 460 00:15:37,028 --> 00:15:40,031 ARRANGING IT, FOR INVITING US. 461 00:15:40,031 --> 00:15:41,833 I THINK IT WAS A VERY WORTHWHILE 462 00:15:41,833 --> 00:15:42,067 THING. 463 00:15:42,067 --> 00:15:45,337 MORE RECENTLY, APRIL 24TH AT THE 464 00:15:45,337 --> 00:15:50,275 REQUEST OF THE MAJORITY CLERK OF 465 00:15:50,275 --> 00:15:52,911 HOUSE LABOR HEALTH AND HUMAN 466 00:15:52,911 --> 00:15:54,246 SERVICES APPROPRIATIONS 467 00:15:54,246 --> 00:15:56,047 SUBCOMMITTEE WE HAD AN NIGMS 101 468 00:15:56,047 --> 00:15:58,717 AS THEY CALLED IT BRIEFING FOR 469 00:15:58,717 --> 00:15:59,785 ALL OF THE CLERKS, BOTH IN THE 470 00:15:59,785 --> 00:16:04,055 SENATE AND THE HOUSE SIDE OF THE 471 00:16:04,055 --> 00:16:05,557 LABOR HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 472 00:16:05,557 --> 00:16:06,458 APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOMMITTEES 473 00:16:06,458 --> 00:16:09,327 ABOUT WHAT NIGMS IS, WHAT IT 474 00:16:09,327 --> 00:16:10,462 DOES, WHAT ITS GOALS ARE, WHAT 475 00:16:10,462 --> 00:16:11,329 ITS CHALLENGES ARE. 476 00:16:11,329 --> 00:16:13,465 IT WAS AN EXCELLENT DISCUSSION. 477 00:16:13,465 --> 00:16:15,434 THEY SHOWED PARTICULAR INTEREST 478 00:16:15,434 --> 00:16:18,170 IN THE MIRA PROGRAM, AS WELL AS 479 00:16:18,170 --> 00:16:19,738 IN THE IDEA PROGRAM. 480 00:16:19,738 --> 00:16:23,408 AND I THINK HOPEFULLY, I THINK, 481 00:16:23,408 --> 00:16:26,111 THEY TOOK AWAY A LOT OF NEW 482 00:16:26,111 --> 00:16:26,778 INFORMATION ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE 483 00:16:26,778 --> 00:16:28,146 OF NIGMS. 484 00:16:28,146 --> 00:16:30,816 WE ALSO ACTUALLY HAVE A VISIT 485 00:16:30,816 --> 00:16:33,718 PLANNED TO KENTUCKY NEXT MONTH, 486 00:16:33,718 --> 00:16:37,222 WHERE WE'RE GOING TO BE VISITING 487 00:16:37,222 --> 00:16:38,490 LOUISVILLE AS WELL AS LEXINGTON, 488 00:16:38,490 --> 00:16:40,091 AS WELL AS THE STATE CAPITOL AND 489 00:16:40,091 --> 00:16:41,793 WE'RE GOING TO GO TO KENTUCKY 490 00:16:41,793 --> 00:16:45,397 STATE AND VISIT THEM THERE TO 491 00:16:45,397 --> 00:16:47,432 SEE WHAT OPPORTUNITIES THERE ARE 492 00:16:47,432 --> 00:16:49,267 FOR GROWTH OF ALL THOSE 493 00:16:49,267 --> 00:16:49,601 INSTITUTIONS. 494 00:16:49,601 --> 00:16:52,003 WE'RE HAVING A PARTICULAR FOCUS 495 00:16:52,003 --> 00:16:55,740 ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY, 496 00:16:55,740 --> 00:16:58,977 BECAUSE IN LOUISVILLE, NIGMS HAS 497 00:16:58,977 --> 00:17:01,313 BOTH THE IRED CENTER, THE IDEA 498 00:17:01,313 --> 00:17:02,581 CENTER FOR BUILDING EPT 499 00:17:02,581 --> 00:17:05,283 PRENEURIAL ACTIVITY, AND NIH AS 500 00:17:05,283 --> 00:17:07,352 A WHOLE FUNDS THE REACH CENTER, 501 00:17:07,352 --> 00:17:08,787 ANOTHER ENTREPRENEURIAL 502 00:17:08,787 --> 00:17:10,121 DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY CENTER. 503 00:17:10,121 --> 00:17:12,057 WE'LL ALSO BE FOCUSING OUR 504 00:17:12,057 --> 00:17:13,892 EFFORTS ON THINKING ABOUT HOW 505 00:17:13,892 --> 00:17:18,196 IDEA PROGRAMS CAN HELP 506 00:17:18,196 --> 00:17:19,130 UNDERRESOURCED INSTITUTIONS IN 507 00:17:19,130 --> 00:17:21,099 THEIR STATE, PARTICULARLY 508 00:17:21,099 --> 00:17:22,000 HBCUs, AND THAT'S ONE OF THE 509 00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:23,735 REASONS WE'RE GOING TO KENTUCKY 510 00:17:23,735 --> 00:17:24,503 STATE, WHERE I THINK THERE'S A 511 00:17:24,503 --> 00:17:25,704 LOT OF OPPORTUNITY. 512 00:17:25,704 --> 00:17:26,471 SO WE'RE LOOKING FORWARD TO 513 00:17:26,471 --> 00:17:26,838 THAT. 514 00:17:26,838 --> 00:17:28,240 MAYBE WE'LL SEE YOU THERE, JEFF, 515 00:17:28,240 --> 00:17:29,407 I DON'T KNOW. 516 00:17:29,407 --> 00:17:31,676 HOPEFULLY WE WILL. 517 00:17:31,676 --> 00:17:34,412 COUPLE OF SAVE THE DATES COMING 518 00:17:34,412 --> 00:17:34,579 UP. 519 00:17:34,579 --> 00:17:37,349 WE HAVE TWO NAMED LECTURES EVERY 520 00:17:37,349 --> 00:17:38,583 YEAR, AS YOU PROBABLY KNOW. 521 00:17:38,583 --> 00:17:40,385 THE FIRST IS THE JUDITH 522 00:17:40,385 --> 00:17:41,486 GREENBERG EARLY CAREER 523 00:17:41,486 --> 00:17:42,754 INVESTIGATOR LECTURE, NAMED FOR 524 00:17:42,754 --> 00:17:45,957 THE FORMER DEPUTY DIRECTOR AND 525 00:17:45,957 --> 00:17:47,692 SEVERAL-TIME ACTING DIRECTOR OF 526 00:17:47,692 --> 00:17:48,860 NIGMS, JUDITH GREENBERG. 527 00:17:48,860 --> 00:17:53,064 THIS YEAR'S SPEAKER IS SAAD 528 00:17:53,064 --> 00:17:55,400 BHAMLA, FROM THE GEORGIA 529 00:17:55,400 --> 00:17:55,901 INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. 530 00:17:55,901 --> 00:17:58,270 I THINK IT WILL BE A REALLY 531 00:17:58,270 --> 00:18:00,539 EXCITING TALK, VERY EXCITING 532 00:18:00,539 --> 00:18:03,608 SORT OF END NEARING BIOLOGY 533 00:18:03,608 --> 00:18:04,409 INTERFACE WORK THAT HE DOES. 534 00:18:04,409 --> 00:18:06,978 THAT WILL BE ON OCTOBER 7TH FROM 535 00:18:06,978 --> 00:18:07,746 1:00 TO 2:00. 536 00:18:07,746 --> 00:18:09,514 IF YOU'RE HERE, COME IN PERSON. 537 00:18:09,514 --> 00:18:11,983 IT WILL ALSO BE VIDEOCAST AND 538 00:18:11,983 --> 00:18:14,486 RECORDED SO YOU CAN WATCH IT 539 00:18:14,486 --> 00:18:14,719 ONLINE. 540 00:18:14,719 --> 00:18:16,087 THE SECOND NAMED LECTURE WE HAVE 541 00:18:16,087 --> 00:18:21,626 IS THE DEWITT STETTEN LECTURE, 542 00:18:21,626 --> 00:18:23,261 NAMED FOR PREVIOUS NIH DIRECTOR. 543 00:18:23,261 --> 00:18:30,135 THIS YEAR'S SPEAKER IS SUDHA 544 00:18:30,135 --> 00:18:32,671 CHAKRAPANI, TALKING ABOUT 545 00:18:32,671 --> 00:18:34,806 STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY STUDIES, 546 00:18:34,806 --> 00:18:36,341 RECEPTORS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 547 00:18:36,341 --> 00:18:39,945 ALSO WILL BE AN EXCELLENT TALK 548 00:18:39,945 --> 00:18:43,782 NOVEMBER 20TH, 2:00 TO 3:00 P.M. 549 00:18:43,782 --> 00:18:44,783 HELP US SPREAD THE WORD. 550 00:18:44,783 --> 00:18:46,117 WE LIKE TO HAVE BIG AUDIENCES 551 00:18:46,117 --> 00:18:49,521 FOR THESE TALKS AND BOTH WILL BE 552 00:18:49,521 --> 00:18:51,957 EXCELLENT, I CAN GUARANTEE IT. 553 00:18:51,957 --> 00:18:53,224 SOME OUTREACH OUR STAFF HAS BEEN 554 00:18:53,224 --> 00:18:55,060 DOING AT THE STEM LEVEL, K 555 00:18:55,060 --> 00:18:56,394 THROUGH 12 STEM LEVEL, TWO OF 556 00:18:56,394 --> 00:18:57,996 OUR STAFF, RACHEL AND BRITTANY 557 00:18:57,996 --> 00:19:00,432 HERE ATTENDED THE MARCH NATIONAL 558 00:19:00,432 --> 00:19:02,667 SCIENCE TEACHING ASSOCIATION 559 00:19:02,667 --> 00:19:04,569 CONFERENCE, AND THEY WERE 560 00:19:04,569 --> 00:19:06,805 PROMOTING BOTH NIGMS STEM 561 00:19:06,805 --> 00:19:07,672 ACTIVITIES AS WELL AS NIH 562 00:19:07,672 --> 00:19:09,441 ACTIVITIES AS A WHOLE. 563 00:19:09,441 --> 00:19:11,610 THEY TOOK PART IN A PANEL OF 564 00:19:11,610 --> 00:19:13,845 FEDERAL AGENCIES, EIGHT OTHER 565 00:19:13,845 --> 00:19:14,879 FEDERAL AGENCIES TO TALK ABOUT 566 00:19:14,879 --> 00:19:18,016 WHAT EACH WAS DOING IN THE STEM 567 00:19:18,016 --> 00:19:18,650 SPACE. 568 00:19:18,650 --> 00:19:22,187 AND AFTER THE MEETING, THE 569 00:19:22,187 --> 00:19:24,756 NIH-WIDE STEM TEACHING RESOURCES 570 00:19:24,756 --> 00:19:26,691 PORTAL, WHICH NIGMS MANAGES ON 571 00:19:26,691 --> 00:19:29,461 BEHALF OF ALL OF NIH, SHOWED A 572 00:19:29,461 --> 00:19:30,829 74.4% INCREASE IN VIEWS IN A 573 00:19:30,829 --> 00:19:31,196 MONTH. 574 00:19:31,196 --> 00:19:32,564 SO SOMETHING HAPPENED THERE THAT 575 00:19:32,564 --> 00:19:34,032 SEEMS LIKE IT WAS USEFUL. 576 00:19:34,032 --> 00:19:36,434 SO I THINK GETTING THE WORD OUT 577 00:19:36,434 --> 00:19:40,472 AND HOPEFULLY BUILDING A BASE OF 578 00:19:40,472 --> 00:19:41,506 PEOPLE, TEACHERS IN PARTICULAR 579 00:19:41,506 --> 00:19:44,409 USING THESE RESOURCES. 580 00:19:44,409 --> 00:19:45,677 SOME OF THOSE RESOURCES ARE 581 00:19:45,677 --> 00:19:46,511 SHOWN HERE. 582 00:19:46,511 --> 00:19:48,480 ONE THAT'S KIND OF FUN IS NEW 583 00:19:48,480 --> 00:19:51,082 COLORING PAGES THAT THE 584 00:19:51,082 --> 00:19:53,585 COMMUNICATIONS STAFF DEVELOPED 585 00:19:53,585 --> 00:19:55,954 AND PAIRED WITH OUR BIOMEDICAL 586 00:19:55,954 --> 00:19:56,454 BEAT BLOG. 587 00:19:56,454 --> 00:19:57,822 THESE ARE ON RESEARCH ORGANISMS. 588 00:19:57,822 --> 00:20:04,529 YOU CAN SEE THERE THE AXOLOU, I 589 00:20:04,529 --> 00:20:05,930 DON'T KNOW WHO COLORED IT BUT 590 00:20:05,930 --> 00:20:09,834 THEY DID A GOOD JOB. 591 00:20:09,834 --> 00:20:12,871 WE ALSO HAVE BEEN MANAGING NIH'S 592 00:20:12,871 --> 00:20:13,571 KAHOOT PAGE. 593 00:20:13,571 --> 00:20:15,807 KAHOOT IS A PLATFORM THAT ALLOWS 594 00:20:15,807 --> 00:20:18,243 STUDENTS, TEACHERS, OTHERS TO DO 595 00:20:18,243 --> 00:20:20,278 ONLINE QUIZZES IN A KIND OF 596 00:20:20,278 --> 00:20:21,046 GAME-SHOW FORMAT. 597 00:20:21,046 --> 00:20:22,547 IT PRETTY ENGAGING. 598 00:20:22,547 --> 00:20:26,484 AND WE NOW HAVE A TOTAL OF 17 599 00:20:26,484 --> 00:20:27,619 QUIZZES FROM EIGHT INSTITUTES 600 00:20:27,619 --> 00:20:30,288 AND CENTERS ACROSS NIH WITH MORE 601 00:20:30,288 --> 00:20:30,955 BEING DEVELOPED. 602 00:20:30,955 --> 00:20:35,126 SINCE THE CREATION OF THE KAHOOT 603 00:20:35,126 --> 00:20:36,327 PROFILE, EIGHT MORE QUIZZES WERE 604 00:20:36,327 --> 00:20:37,829 ADDED, AND TO DATE, THIS IS 605 00:20:37,829 --> 00:20:40,365 PRETTY IMPRESSIVE, TO DATE, 606 00:20:40,365 --> 00:20:41,466 1.4 MILLION PLAYERS HAVE USED 607 00:20:41,466 --> 00:20:44,369 OUR KAHOOTS WITH A TOTAL OF OVER 608 00:20:44,369 --> 00:20:45,670 500,000 PLAYS. 609 00:20:45,670 --> 00:20:47,172 SO THAT'S ACTUALLY IMPACT, 610 00:20:47,172 --> 00:20:47,539 RIGHT? 611 00:20:47,539 --> 00:20:49,274 THAT'S GETTING TO PEOPLE IN A 612 00:20:49,274 --> 00:20:53,445 SIGNIFICANT WAY. 613 00:20:53,445 --> 00:20:54,913 A COUPLE FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES I 614 00:20:54,913 --> 00:20:56,214 WANTED TO GET YOUR HELP MAKING 615 00:20:56,214 --> 00:20:57,048 PEOPLE AWARE. 616 00:20:57,048 --> 00:20:59,150 THE FIRST RELATES ACTUALLY TO 617 00:20:59,150 --> 00:21:01,486 THAT STEM TEACHING MISSION, AND 618 00:21:01,486 --> 00:21:03,388 THAT'S THE NEW SCIENCE EDUCATION 619 00:21:03,388 --> 00:21:07,392 PARTNERSHIP OR SEPA AWARD 620 00:21:07,392 --> 00:21:09,094 FUNDING OPPORTUNITY THAT'S BEEN 621 00:21:09,094 --> 00:21:09,894 RELEASED. 622 00:21:09,894 --> 00:21:12,063 SEPA SUPPORTS EDUCATIONAL 623 00:21:12,063 --> 00:21:15,033 INNOVATIONS, TESTING EDUCATIONAL 624 00:21:15,033 --> 00:21:17,535 INNOVATIONS AT THE PRE-K THROUGH 625 00:21:17,535 --> 00:21:19,337 GRADE 12 LEVEL TO BUILD STUDENT 626 00:21:19,337 --> 00:21:20,705 INTEREST IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH 627 00:21:20,705 --> 00:21:21,239 CAREERS. 628 00:21:21,239 --> 00:21:23,108 SO THEY CAN BE CLASSROOM-BASED, 629 00:21:23,108 --> 00:21:24,809 THEY CAN BE OUT OF 630 00:21:24,809 --> 00:21:25,977 CLASSROOM-BASED, THEY CAN ALSO 631 00:21:25,977 --> 00:21:31,649 BE THINGS THAT MU SE MUSEUMS, SE 632 00:21:31,649 --> 00:21:33,918 MUSEUMS OR OTHER PUBLIC VE VENU, 633 00:21:33,918 --> 00:21:35,153 SO IF YOU HAVE A PROJECT YOU 634 00:21:35,153 --> 00:21:36,321 MIGHT WANT TO DO IN PARTNERSHIP 635 00:21:36,321 --> 00:21:37,422 WITH EDUCATORS IN YOUR 636 00:21:37,422 --> 00:21:39,524 COMMUNITY, IT COULD BE THE LOCAL 637 00:21:39,524 --> 00:21:41,025 SCHOOL SYSTEM, IT COULD BE A 638 00:21:41,025 --> 00:21:43,294 SPECIFIC TEACHER, A SPECIFIC 639 00:21:43,294 --> 00:21:44,696 SCHOOL, GIVE THIS SOME THOUGHT, 640 00:21:44,696 --> 00:21:46,765 BECAUSE THESE ARE GREAT AWARDS. 641 00:21:46,765 --> 00:21:47,999 WE'RE LOOKING TO INCREASE THE 642 00:21:47,999 --> 00:21:49,567 NUMBER THAT WE GET. 643 00:21:49,567 --> 00:21:51,169 WHAT WE DID LAST YEAR AS I 644 00:21:51,169 --> 00:21:52,403 MENTIONED TO YOU IS WE OPENED 645 00:21:52,403 --> 00:21:54,305 THIS UP SO THAT OTHER NIH 646 00:21:54,305 --> 00:21:55,607 INSTITUTES AND CENTERS COULD 647 00:21:55,607 --> 00:21:58,009 FUND AWARDS WITH A GOAL OF 648 00:21:58,009 --> 00:21:59,043 FUNDING MORE AWARDS. 649 00:21:59,043 --> 00:22:00,245 WE'RE KEEPING OUR COMMITMENT AT 650 00:22:00,245 --> 00:22:01,980 LEAST THE SAME IF NOT EXPANDING 651 00:22:01,980 --> 00:22:03,782 IT, BUT WE WANT TO SEE MORE 652 00:22:03,782 --> 00:22:05,116 AWARDS FUNDED AND OTHER ICs 653 00:22:05,116 --> 00:22:06,885 ARE STEPPING UP TO FUND 654 00:22:06,885 --> 00:22:07,786 ADDITIONAL AWARDS. 655 00:22:07,786 --> 00:22:09,420 BUT THAT MEANS WE NEED MORE 656 00:22:09,420 --> 00:22:09,888 APPLICATIONS. 657 00:22:09,888 --> 00:22:11,156 SO WE NEED TO GET THE WORD OUT 658 00:22:11,156 --> 00:22:12,323 THAT WE WANT MORE APPLICATIONS 659 00:22:12,323 --> 00:22:14,559 SO WE CAN FUND MORE AWARDS, AND 660 00:22:14,559 --> 00:22:16,427 ONE THING WE'VE DONE TO TRY TO 661 00:22:16,427 --> 00:22:18,596 FACILITATE THAT IS WE LIFTED THE 662 00:22:18,596 --> 00:22:18,963 CAP. 663 00:22:18,963 --> 00:22:22,534 THERE USED TO BE A CAP OF ONE 664 00:22:22,534 --> 00:22:24,836 AWARD, ONE SEPA AWARD PER 665 00:22:24,836 --> 00:22:25,870 INSTITUTION AND ONE APPLICATION 666 00:22:25,870 --> 00:22:26,905 AT A TIME PER INSTITUTION. 667 00:22:26,905 --> 00:22:28,506 WE'VE NOW LIFTED THAT SO 668 00:22:28,506 --> 00:22:29,774 INSTITUTIONS CAN APPLY FOR MORE 669 00:22:29,774 --> 00:22:31,409 THAN ONE AT A TIME, AS LONG AS 670 00:22:31,409 --> 00:22:32,644 THEY'RE SCIENTIFICALLY DISTINCT, 671 00:22:32,644 --> 00:22:34,479 AND THEY CAN HOLD MORE THAN ONE 672 00:22:34,479 --> 00:22:36,281 AT A TIME, AS LONG AS THEY'RE 673 00:22:36,281 --> 00:22:38,550 SCIENTIFICALLY DISTINCT. 674 00:22:38,550 --> 00:22:39,617 THE NEXT APPLICATION DUE DATE IS 675 00:22:39,617 --> 00:22:41,653 COMING UP, IT'S JUNE 7TH, SO NOT 676 00:22:41,653 --> 00:22:42,987 TOO MUCH TIME IF YOU HAVEN'T 677 00:22:42,987 --> 00:22:43,955 APPLIED ALREADY BUT THERE WILL 678 00:22:43,955 --> 00:22:45,490 BE MORE APPLICATION DUE DATES. 679 00:22:45,490 --> 00:22:47,458 THERE'S A FEEDBACK LOOP POST 680 00:22:47,458 --> 00:22:48,226 ABOUT THIS. 681 00:22:48,226 --> 00:22:49,994 AGAIN, PLEASE MAKE PEOPLE AWARE. 682 00:22:49,994 --> 00:22:51,296 I OFTEN GO TO MEETINGS AND 683 00:22:51,296 --> 00:22:53,231 PEOPLE STOP ME AND SAY, YOU GUYS 684 00:22:53,231 --> 00:22:55,733 NEED SOME KIND OF A, YOU KNOW, K 685 00:22:55,733 --> 00:22:56,734 THROUGH 12 PROGRAM TO BUILD 686 00:22:56,734 --> 00:22:57,302 SCIENCE INTEREST. 687 00:22:57,302 --> 00:22:59,270 AND I SAY, WE HAVE IT! 688 00:22:59,270 --> 00:23:00,805 APPLY FOR IT! 689 00:23:00,805 --> 00:23:02,106 SO PEOPLE DON'T KNOW ABOUT THIS 690 00:23:02,106 --> 00:23:02,740 ENOUGH. 691 00:23:02,740 --> 00:23:04,309 THEY WANT SOMETHING LIKE THIS. 692 00:23:04,309 --> 00:23:05,376 IT'S HERE. 693 00:23:05,376 --> 00:23:07,412 WE WANT MORE APPLICATIONS. 694 00:23:07,412 --> 00:23:08,746 SO PLEASE GET THE WORD OUT FOR 695 00:23:08,746 --> 00:23:12,116 US. 696 00:23:12,116 --> 00:23:12,984 ANOTHER FUNDING OPPORTUNITY 697 00:23:12,984 --> 00:23:14,052 THAT'S OUT THAT WE WANT YOUR 698 00:23:14,052 --> 00:23:15,787 HELP MAKING PEOPLE AWARE OF IS 699 00:23:15,787 --> 00:23:17,822 ADVANCING RESEARCH CAREERS OR 700 00:23:17,822 --> 00:23:18,423 ARC. 701 00:23:18,423 --> 00:23:21,593 THIS IS THE SISTER PROGRAM, THE 702 00:23:21,593 --> 00:23:23,194 PARTNER PROGRAM TO MOSAIC. 703 00:23:23,194 --> 00:23:26,865 SO REMEMBER MOSAIC IS TARGETING 704 00:23:26,865 --> 00:23:28,433 BUILDING DIVERSITY AT THE 705 00:23:28,433 --> 00:23:30,068 TRANSITION BETWEEN POSTDOC AND 706 00:23:30,068 --> 00:23:33,404 EARLY FACULTY. 707 00:23:33,404 --> 00:23:35,073 WILDLY SUCCESSFUL SO FAR. 708 00:23:35,073 --> 00:23:36,274 MAYBE NEXT TIME WE'LL TELL YOU 709 00:23:36,274 --> 00:23:37,508 SOME MORE ABOUT THE OUTCOMES OF 710 00:23:37,508 --> 00:23:38,977 THAT, BUT BASED ON THAT, WE 711 00:23:38,977 --> 00:23:40,345 STARTED ADVANCING RESEARCH 712 00:23:40,345 --> 00:23:41,880 CAREERS, WHICH TARGETS AN 713 00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:43,648 EARLIER TRANSITION POINT, 714 00:23:43,648 --> 00:23:45,516 LATE-STAGE GRADUATE STUDENT TO 715 00:23:45,516 --> 00:23:46,918 POSTDOC. 716 00:23:46,918 --> 00:23:47,485 SAME MODEL. 717 00:23:47,485 --> 00:23:50,922 WE HAVE AN F99/K00 THAT PROVIDES 718 00:23:50,922 --> 00:23:53,625 FUNDING FOR THE SCHOLARS, THE 719 00:23:53,625 --> 00:23:55,059 F99s FOR THEIR GRADUATE WORK, 720 00:23:55,059 --> 00:23:57,362 THE K00s FOR THEIR 721 00:23:57,362 --> 00:23:59,264 POSTDOCTORAL WORK, AND THERE ARE 722 00:23:59,264 --> 00:24:04,569 GOING TO BE MENTORING CENTERS 723 00:24:04,569 --> 00:24:08,606 FUND TTHAT WILL TAKE COHORTS OFE 724 00:24:08,606 --> 00:24:10,642 SCHOLAR, GIVE THEM ADDITIONAL 725 00:24:10,642 --> 00:24:11,843 MENTORING, CAREER DEVELOPMENT 726 00:24:11,843 --> 00:24:13,845 ACTIVITIES, NETWORKING, ET 727 00:24:13,845 --> 00:24:15,446 CETERA, TO TRY TO PROMOTE THEIR 728 00:24:15,446 --> 00:24:17,515 SUCCESS IN TRANSITIONING FROM 729 00:24:17,515 --> 00:24:19,117 GRADUATE SCHOOL TO POSTDOC AND 730 00:24:19,117 --> 00:24:21,486 THEN BEING SUCCESSFUL IN THEIR 731 00:24:21,486 --> 00:24:21,719 POSTDOC. 732 00:24:21,719 --> 00:24:26,424 FIRST APCATION DUE DATE FOR THE 733 00:24:26,424 --> 00:24:27,859 F99/K00 IS JUNE 13TH SO COMING 734 00:24:27,859 --> 00:24:28,626 UP, ABOUT A MONTH. 735 00:24:28,626 --> 00:24:31,863 AND THERE'S A FEEDBACK LOOP 736 00:24:31,863 --> 00:24:33,331 THERE YOU CAN DIRECT PEOPLE TO. 737 00:24:33,331 --> 00:24:34,999 SO AGAIN GET THE WORD OUT, 738 00:24:34,999 --> 00:24:36,167 GRADUATE SCHOOL TO POSTDOC 739 00:24:36,167 --> 00:24:36,734 TRANSITION AWARDS. 740 00:24:36,734 --> 00:24:37,936 I WANT TO TRANSITION NOW, THIS 741 00:24:37,936 --> 00:24:39,437 IS THE MAY MEETING WHEN I 742 00:24:39,437 --> 00:24:40,138 TRADITIONALLY TALK ABOUT 743 00:24:40,138 --> 00:24:41,272 APPLICATION AND FUNDING TRENDS 744 00:24:41,272 --> 00:24:42,974 FOR THE LAST FISCAL YEAR. 745 00:24:42,974 --> 00:24:45,009 THAT WOULD BE 2023. 746 00:24:45,009 --> 00:24:46,878 AND SO LET ME TELL YOU A LITTLE 747 00:24:46,878 --> 00:24:49,881 BIT ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED IN 2023. 748 00:24:49,881 --> 00:24:52,884 THIS CHART SHOWS THE RESEARCH 749 00:24:52,884 --> 00:24:55,353 PROJECT GRANT OR RPG SUCCESS 750 00:24:55,353 --> 00:24:55,553 RATE. 751 00:24:55,553 --> 00:24:57,722 SO THIS IS BASICALLY THE NUMBER 752 00:24:57,722 --> 00:24:59,223 OF FUNDED APPLICATION DIVIDED BY 753 00:24:59,223 --> 00:25:01,993 THE NUMBER THAT CAME IN. 754 00:25:01,993 --> 00:25:04,896 YOU CAN SEE THAT OVER TIME, FROM 755 00:25:04,896 --> 00:25:05,930 2014, THAT SUCCESS RATE HAS 756 00:25:05,930 --> 00:25:10,735 INCREASED FROM 25% TO 36%. 757 00:25:10,735 --> 00:25:11,903 WHICH IS THE HIGHEST WE'VE SEEN 758 00:25:11,903 --> 00:25:12,370 TO DATE. 759 00:25:12,370 --> 00:25:14,539 SO THAT'S REALLY TERRIFIC. 760 00:25:14,539 --> 00:25:17,842 A LITTLE OVER A THIRD OF THE RPG 761 00:25:17,842 --> 00:25:20,144 APPLICATIONS THAT ARE COMING IN 762 00:25:20,144 --> 00:25:22,714 ARE GETTING FUNDED. 763 00:25:22,714 --> 00:25:24,549 NOW, GIVEN WE HAD A FLAT BUDGET 764 00:25:24,549 --> 00:25:27,251 THIS YEAR, GIVEN THE WAY OUT 765 00:25:27,251 --> 00:25:28,453 YEAR COMMITMENTS WORK, IT'S NOT 766 00:25:28,453 --> 00:25:30,188 GOING TO BE THAT HIGH NEXT YEAR 767 00:25:30,188 --> 00:25:33,024 PROBABLY, BUT WE'RE TRYING TO 768 00:25:33,024 --> 00:25:34,859 MAKE THE FALL AS LITTLE AS WE 769 00:25:34,859 --> 00:25:38,062 CAN BY USING SOUND FISCAL 770 00:25:38,062 --> 00:25:39,530 MANAGEMENT, I HOPE. 771 00:25:39,530 --> 00:25:40,999 SO YOU CAN EXPECT A BIT OF A 772 00:25:40,999 --> 00:25:42,500 DROP NEXT YEAR, I WOULD THINK. 773 00:25:42,500 --> 00:25:44,002 HOPEFULLY IT WON'T BE TOO MUCH, 774 00:25:44,002 --> 00:25:44,535 THOUGH. 775 00:25:44,535 --> 00:25:50,708 WE AWARDED OVER 2400 MIRA GRANTS 776 00:25:50,708 --> 00:25:54,045 LAST YEAR, AND 1876 R01s. 777 00:25:54,045 --> 00:25:56,981 SO YOU CAN SEE THAT MIRAs ARE 778 00:25:56,981 --> 00:25:58,916 NOW SIGNIFICANTLY OUTPACING 779 00:25:58,916 --> 00:25:59,984 R01s IN TERMS OF THE AWARDS 780 00:25:59,984 --> 00:26:02,353 NIGMS IS MAKING. 781 00:26:02,353 --> 00:26:06,924 OUR BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 782 00:26:06,924 --> 00:26:08,960 '24 IS $3.245 BILLION, SO THAT 783 00:26:08,960 --> 00:26:10,194 EVEN THOUGH FLAT IS STILL QUITE 784 00:26:10,194 --> 00:26:12,263 A LOT OF MONEY, AND THE IDEA 785 00:26:12,263 --> 00:26:15,033 PROGRAM ACTUALLY GOT A INCREASE 786 00:26:15,033 --> 00:26:16,134 OF $5 MILLION WITH THE REST OF 787 00:26:16,134 --> 00:26:18,002 THE INSTITUTE BEING FLAT. 788 00:26:18,002 --> 00:26:18,903 SO THAT'S TERRIFIC. 789 00:26:18,903 --> 00:26:19,904 CERTAINLY THAT MONEY WILL BE 790 00:26:19,904 --> 00:26:20,304 USED WELL. 791 00:26:20,304 --> 00:26:22,473 I THINK IT AGAIN SHOWS 792 00:26:22,473 --> 00:26:23,207 CONGRESSIONAL ENTHUSIASM AND 793 00:26:23,207 --> 00:26:25,043 INTEREST FOR THE IDEA PROGRAM, 794 00:26:25,043 --> 00:26:28,546 WHICH IS WONDERFUL TO SEE. 795 00:26:28,546 --> 00:26:30,181 AND I THINK WE'RE IN REASONABLY 796 00:26:30,181 --> 00:26:33,251 GOOD SHAPE. 797 00:26:33,251 --> 00:26:36,654 SO IN TERMS OF LOOKING AT OTHER 798 00:26:36,654 --> 00:26:38,289 METRICS, SO SUCCESS RATE IS ONE 799 00:26:38,289 --> 00:26:39,724 METRIC THAT PEOPLE ARE VERY 800 00:26:39,724 --> 00:26:41,092 INTERESTED, HOW LIKELY IS IT MY 801 00:26:41,092 --> 00:26:42,460 GRANT IS GOING TO GET FUNDED. 802 00:26:42,460 --> 00:26:44,262 WE ALSO LOOK AT OTHER METRICS, 803 00:26:44,262 --> 00:26:45,863 ONE OF WHICH IS BASICALLY HOW 804 00:26:45,863 --> 00:26:47,165 MANY INVESTIGATORS WHO WANT TO 805 00:26:47,165 --> 00:26:48,866 BE FUNDED ARE FUNDED. 806 00:26:48,866 --> 00:26:50,701 BECAUSE ONE OF OUR STRATEGIC 807 00:26:50,701 --> 00:26:52,703 GOALS HAS BEEN TO FUND MORE 808 00:26:52,703 --> 00:26:53,905 INVESTIGATORS, BECAUSE THAT IS 809 00:26:53,905 --> 00:26:56,641 THE UNIT OF SCIENTIFIC 810 00:26:56,641 --> 00:26:58,142 CREATIVITY, THAT IS OPPORTUNITY 811 00:26:58,142 --> 00:26:59,544 OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS, IT'S THE 812 00:26:59,544 --> 00:26:59,977 INVESTIGATORS. 813 00:26:59,977 --> 00:27:02,680 SO WE NEED TO FUND AS MANY OF 814 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:04,015 THEM DOING AS MANY DIFFERENT 815 00:27:04,015 --> 00:27:05,450 KINDS OF THINGS IN AS MANY 816 00:27:05,450 --> 00:27:07,318 DIFFERENT PLACES AS POSSIBLE. 817 00:27:07,318 --> 00:27:10,054 SO WE'VE REALLY FOCUSED ON THIS 818 00:27:10,054 --> 00:27:10,321 METRIC. 819 00:27:10,321 --> 00:27:12,056 THIS IS CALLED THE CUMULATIVE 820 00:27:12,056 --> 00:27:12,757 INVESTIGATOR RATE. 821 00:27:12,757 --> 00:27:14,892 WHAT IT'S MEASURING, AGAIN, IS 822 00:27:14,892 --> 00:27:17,195 INVESTIGATORS WHO WANTED TO BE 823 00:27:17,195 --> 00:27:19,430 FUNDED BY NIGMS, SO THEY HAVE 824 00:27:19,430 --> 00:27:21,466 EITHER APPLIED FOR A GRANT IN 825 00:27:21,466 --> 00:27:22,600 THIS FISCAL YEAR OR IN ONE OF 826 00:27:22,600 --> 00:27:24,035 THE PREVIOUS FOUR FISCAL YEARS, 827 00:27:24,035 --> 00:27:26,170 ONE OR MORE OF THE PREVIOUS FOUR 828 00:27:26,170 --> 00:27:27,205 FISCAL YEARS. 829 00:27:27,205 --> 00:27:29,640 THAT'S THE BASE, AND THEN THE 830 00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:31,209 NUMERATOR IS HOW MANY HAVE AN 831 00:27:31,209 --> 00:27:32,677 NIGMS RESEARCH GRANT. 832 00:27:32,677 --> 00:27:33,911 SO IT'S HOW MANY INVESTIGATORS 833 00:27:33,911 --> 00:27:35,713 WANT TO BE FUNDED BY NIGMS WHO 834 00:27:35,713 --> 00:27:38,583 ARE FUNDED BY NIGMS. 835 00:27:38,583 --> 00:27:40,852 SO IT WAS 33% IN 2014, A THIRD 836 00:27:40,852 --> 00:27:42,053 OF THE INVESTIGATORS WHO WANTED 837 00:27:42,053 --> 00:27:44,055 TO BE FUNDED WERE FUNDED, AND 838 00:27:44,055 --> 00:27:46,557 IT'S GROWN TO 47% IN 2023. 839 00:27:46,557 --> 00:27:48,759 SO NEARLY HALF. 840 00:27:48,759 --> 00:27:49,760 NOW OF COURSE THAT MEANS THAT 841 00:27:49,760 --> 00:27:50,795 ALMOST HALF OF THE INVESTIGATORS 842 00:27:50,795 --> 00:27:52,363 WHO WANT TO BE FUNDED ARE NOT 843 00:27:52,363 --> 00:27:53,798 FUNDED, SO YOU COULD LOOK AT THE 844 00:27:53,798 --> 00:27:55,666 GLASS HALF EMPTY SIDE OF THINGS. 845 00:27:55,666 --> 00:27:57,869 BUT THAT GROWTH IS REALLY, I 846 00:27:57,869 --> 00:27:59,670 THINK, QUITE ENCOURAGING AND 847 00:27:59,670 --> 00:28:01,606 SHOWS WE'RE GETTING MORE PEOPLE 848 00:28:01,606 --> 00:28:03,808 FUNDED, THEY ARE ABLE TO EXPLORE 849 00:28:03,808 --> 00:28:05,243 MORE DIFFERENT IDEAS IN MORE 850 00:28:05,243 --> 00:28:07,712 DIFFERENT PLACES, AND I THINK 851 00:28:07,712 --> 00:28:08,980 THAT ULTIMATELY IS GOING TO HAVE 852 00:28:08,980 --> 00:28:10,915 THE BIGGEST IMPACT ON SCIENCE BY 853 00:28:10,915 --> 00:28:13,284 ALLOWING THE MOST DIFFERENT 854 00:28:13,284 --> 00:28:15,887 IDEAS TO BE EXPLORED. 855 00:28:15,887 --> 00:28:18,122 AND THAT WAS THE HIGHEST 856 00:28:18,122 --> 00:28:19,123 CUMULATIVE INVESTIGATOR RATE IN 857 00:28:19,123 --> 00:28:24,395 THE LAST DECADE THAT WE'VE SEEN. 858 00:28:24,395 --> 00:28:26,797 LOOKING AT EARLY STAGE 859 00:28:26,797 --> 00:28:29,100 INVESTIGATORS, SO THIS GRAPH 860 00:28:29,100 --> 00:28:31,636 COMPARES THE AWARD RATE SIMILAR 861 00:28:31,636 --> 00:28:34,038 TO THE SUCCESS RATE. 862 00:28:34,038 --> 00:28:34,405 OF EARLY 863 00:28:34,405 --> 00:28:36,407 STAGE INVESTIGATORS WHO APLAYED 864 00:28:36,407 --> 00:28:39,343 FOR MIRA GRANTS, THE R35s, 865 00:28:39,343 --> 00:28:41,179 VERSUS R01s. 866 00:28:41,179 --> 00:28:42,680 FROM 2018 TO 2023. 867 00:28:42,680 --> 00:28:44,515 SO FIVE YEARS. 868 00:28:44,515 --> 00:28:48,386 THE PAST FIVE YEARS. 869 00:28:48,386 --> 00:28:49,520 I GUESS SIX YEARS ACTUALLY. 870 00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:51,756 SO YOU CAN SEE THAT 871 00:28:51,756 --> 00:28:53,691 CONSISTENTLY, THE MIRA SUCCESS 872 00:28:53,691 --> 00:28:54,725 RATE HAS BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY 873 00:28:54,725 --> 00:28:56,561 HIGHER THAN THE R01 SUCCESS RATE 874 00:28:56,561 --> 00:28:57,862 FOR EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS, 875 00:28:57,862 --> 00:28:59,163 AND THAT GAP HAS INCREASED OVER 876 00:28:59,163 --> 00:29:01,532 TIME. 877 00:29:01,532 --> 00:29:04,168 SO IT'S ABOUT 45% LAST YEAR, WAS 878 00:29:04,168 --> 00:29:08,339 THE AWARD RATE FOR EARLY STAGE 879 00:29:08,339 --> 00:29:10,575 INVESTIGATORS APPLYING FOR 880 00:29:10,575 --> 00:29:13,110 MIRAs, ONLY 16% APPLYING FOR 881 00:29:13,110 --> 00:29:13,678 R01s. 882 00:29:13,678 --> 00:29:14,912 SO CLEAR MESSAGE HERE, TELL 883 00:29:14,912 --> 00:29:15,680 EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS TO 884 00:29:15,680 --> 00:29:18,115 APPLY FOR THE MIRA, BECAUSE 885 00:29:18,115 --> 00:29:19,550 THAT'S WHERE THEY'RE GOING TO 886 00:29:19,550 --> 00:29:21,552 GET FUNDED ALMOST CERTAINLY. 887 00:29:21,552 --> 00:29:23,421 THAT'S WHERE WE WANT THEM TO GET 888 00:29:23,421 --> 00:29:23,955 FUNDED. 889 00:29:23,955 --> 00:29:25,756 IT'S A BETTER PROGRAM FOR THEM, 890 00:29:25,756 --> 00:29:27,391 THEY GET MORE MONEY, THEY HAVE 891 00:29:27,391 --> 00:29:28,759 MUCH HIGHER RENEWAL RATES WHEN 892 00:29:28,759 --> 00:29:31,062 THEY COME IN FOR RENEWAL. 893 00:29:31,062 --> 00:29:33,431 MANY DIFFERENT ADVANTAGES TO THE 894 00:29:33,431 --> 00:29:38,970 PROGRAM FROM THAT POINT OF VIEW. 895 00:29:38,970 --> 00:29:39,971 OKAY. 896 00:29:39,971 --> 00:29:42,573 FY 23, MIRA REPRESENTED 92% OF 897 00:29:42,573 --> 00:29:44,108 THE COMPETING AWARDS TO EARLY 898 00:29:44,108 --> 00:29:46,544 STAGE INVESTIGATORS THAT NIGMS 899 00:29:46,544 --> 00:29:47,044 GAVE. 900 00:29:47,044 --> 00:29:48,679 AGAIN, THAT JUST SHOWS THE 901 00:29:48,679 --> 00:29:50,181 GROWTH OF THE PROGRAM AND THAT'S 902 00:29:50,181 --> 00:29:51,482 WHERE THE ACTION IS FOR EARLY 903 00:29:51,482 --> 00:29:55,586 STAGE INVESTIGATORS. 904 00:29:55,586 --> 00:29:58,756 THEN LOOKING AT COMPETING AWARDS 905 00:29:58,756 --> 00:30:00,758 FOR ESTABLISHED INVESTIGATORS, 906 00:30:00,758 --> 00:30:02,593 SO THE YELLOW LOOKS AT PEOPLE 907 00:30:02,593 --> 00:30:03,928 WHO ARE ESTABLISHED 908 00:30:03,928 --> 00:30:06,230 INVESTIGATORS, SO THEY HAD ONE 909 00:30:06,230 --> 00:30:09,467 OR MORE NIGMS SINGLE P.I. GRANT 910 00:30:09,467 --> 00:30:12,436 WHICH MADE THEM ELIGIBLE TO 911 00:30:12,436 --> 00:30:14,538 APPLY FOR CONVERSION TO A MIRA, 912 00:30:14,538 --> 00:30:15,539 SO THAT'S THE SUCCESS RATE OF 913 00:30:15,539 --> 00:30:17,775 THEM CONVERTING AN R01 TO A 914 00:30:17,775 --> 00:30:19,477 MIRA, IT'S A NEW AWARD WHICH IS 915 00:30:19,477 --> 00:30:23,447 WHY WE'RE CALLING IT A TYPE I. 916 00:30:23,447 --> 00:30:26,083 THE SUCCESS RATE WAS VERY HIGH 917 00:30:26,083 --> 00:30:27,585 IN THE EARLY DAYS OF THE 918 00:30:27,585 --> 00:30:28,853 PROGRAM, PARTLY BECAUSE OF WHO 919 00:30:28,853 --> 00:30:29,854 WAS ELIGIBLE TO APPLY. 920 00:30:29,854 --> 00:30:31,689 AS WE LET IN MORE PEOPLE, IT 921 00:30:31,689 --> 00:30:32,723 FELL SOMEWHAT, BUT CONSISTENTLY 922 00:30:32,723 --> 00:30:34,792 IT'S BEEN HIGHER THAN THE 923 00:30:34,792 --> 00:30:35,860 RENEWAL RATE, WHICH IS THE 924 00:30:35,860 --> 00:30:38,329 BOTTOM LINE FOR R01s, AND NOW 925 00:30:38,329 --> 00:30:41,799 THAT GAP IS 38% RENEWAL RATE FOR 926 00:30:41,799 --> 00:30:42,933 R01s FOR ESTABLISHED 927 00:30:42,933 --> 00:30:45,336 INVESTIGATORS VERSUS A 53% 928 00:30:45,336 --> 00:30:47,738 CONVERSION RATE FOR ESTABLISHED 929 00:30:47,738 --> 00:30:51,575 INVESTIGATORS GOING FROM AN 930 00:30:51,575 --> 00:30:53,077 R01 TO A MIRA, SO AGAIN IF 931 00:30:53,077 --> 00:30:55,279 YOU'RE JUST PLAYING THE NUMBERS, 932 00:30:55,279 --> 00:30:56,781 YOU'RE BETTER OFF CONVERTING 933 00:30:56,781 --> 00:30:59,417 YOUR R01 TO A MIRA THAN TRYING 934 00:30:59,417 --> 00:31:00,751 TO RENEW YOUR R01. 935 00:31:00,751 --> 00:31:03,087 WE ARE NOW ON TRACK TO HAVE AT 936 00:31:03,087 --> 00:31:06,257 LEAST 60% OF THE R01 EQUIVALENT 937 00:31:06,257 --> 00:31:12,129 POOL FUNDED BY NIGMS MIRAs BY 938 00:31:12,129 --> 00:31:12,330 2025. 939 00:31:12,330 --> 00:31:13,698 THAT WAS ONE OF THE GOALS OF OUR 940 00:31:13,698 --> 00:31:15,433 STRATEGIC PLAN. 941 00:31:15,433 --> 00:31:16,567 LAST FISCAL YEAR IT WAS 54% 942 00:31:16,567 --> 00:31:19,036 ALREADY SO WE ARE PROBABLY GOING 943 00:31:19,036 --> 00:31:20,471 TO HIT THAT THIS YEAR, A YEAR 944 00:31:20,471 --> 00:31:20,671 EARLY. 945 00:31:20,671 --> 00:31:22,807 IF IT GOES ABOVE THAT, THEN 946 00:31:22,807 --> 00:31:24,275 THAT'S SO MUCH FOR THE BETTER. 947 00:31:24,275 --> 00:31:27,545 AND THEN FINALLY, LOOKING AT 948 00:31:27,545 --> 00:31:29,180 COMPETER MIRA RENEWAL AWARD 949 00:31:29,180 --> 00:31:30,448 RATES, THIS IS THE SUCCESS RATE 950 00:31:30,448 --> 00:31:33,784 OF PEOPLE WHO GOT A MIRA, HAD IT 951 00:31:33,784 --> 00:31:34,919 FOR FIVE YEARS AND NOW CAME IN 952 00:31:34,919 --> 00:31:36,420 FOR RENEWAL. 953 00:31:36,420 --> 00:31:39,090 YOU CAN SEE THAT THOSE ARE 954 00:31:39,090 --> 00:31:39,890 EXTRAORDINARILY HIGH. 955 00:31:39,890 --> 00:31:41,425 THEY ARE HOVERING SOMEWHERE 956 00:31:41,425 --> 00:31:42,259 AROUND 80%. 957 00:31:42,259 --> 00:31:43,894 YOU WILL NOT FIND ANYTHING ELSE, 958 00:31:43,894 --> 00:31:45,896 I DON'T THINK, AT NIH THAT HAS 959 00:31:45,896 --> 00:31:48,366 THAT GOOD A SUCCESS RATE FOR 960 00:31:48,366 --> 00:31:49,066 ANYTHING. 961 00:31:49,066 --> 00:31:51,035 SO THIS WAS PART OF THE GOAL OF 962 00:31:51,035 --> 00:31:52,436 THE PROGRAM, WAS TO MAKE THIS A 963 00:31:52,436 --> 00:31:57,408 MUCH MORE STABLE AWARD THAN R01. 964 00:31:57,408 --> 00:31:58,442 OBVIOUSLY NOT EVERYONE IS GOING 965 00:31:58,442 --> 00:32:00,244 TO GET RENEWED NOR SHOULD 966 00:32:00,244 --> 00:32:01,278 EVERYONE GET RENEWED, BUT WE 967 00:32:01,278 --> 00:32:02,646 WANTED TO MAKE IT SOMETHING 968 00:32:02,646 --> 00:32:04,715 WHERE THE RENEWAL RATE WAS VERY 969 00:32:04,715 --> 00:32:06,283 HIGH SO PEOPLE WERE MUCH MORE 970 00:32:06,283 --> 00:32:07,952 WILLING TO DO AMBITIOUS AND 971 00:32:07,952 --> 00:32:10,721 CREATIVE RESEARCH RATHER THAN BE 972 00:32:10,721 --> 00:32:11,489 CONSERVATIVE BECAUSE THEY WERE 973 00:32:11,489 --> 00:32:12,990 ALWAYS SO WORRIED ABOUT WHETHER 974 00:32:12,990 --> 00:32:14,625 THEY COULD GET RENEWED OR NOT. 975 00:32:14,625 --> 00:32:15,993 AND SO FAR WE REALLY HAVE BEEN 976 00:32:15,993 --> 00:32:20,598 ABLE TO KEEP THAT GOAL AND BE 977 00:32:20,598 --> 00:32:24,268 ABLE TO ACHIEVE IT. 978 00:32:24,268 --> 00:32:26,637 SO IN CONTRAST, THE R01 RENEWAL 979 00:32:26,637 --> 00:32:29,373 RATES HAVE NOT EXCEEDED 44% IN 980 00:32:29,373 --> 00:32:30,307 THE LAST FOUR YEARS, SO WE'RE 981 00:32:30,307 --> 00:32:32,476 CLOSE TO DOUBLE THE R01 RENEWAL 982 00:32:32,476 --> 00:32:34,245 RATES WITH THESE MIRA RENEWAL 983 00:32:34,245 --> 00:32:35,379 RATES. 984 00:32:35,379 --> 00:32:36,881 AGAIN, THERE'S NOT MUCH AT NIH 985 00:32:36,881 --> 00:32:43,020 THAT'S THAT HIGH. 986 00:32:43,020 --> 00:32:45,289 NOW MOVING ON TO ANOTHER FISCAL 987 00:32:45,289 --> 00:32:47,324 MATTER, AS YOU PROBABLY KNOW AND 988 00:32:47,324 --> 00:32:49,093 WE DISCUSSED PREVIOUSLY AT 989 00:32:49,093 --> 00:32:50,060 COUNCIL, THERE WAS AN ADVISORY 990 00:32:50,060 --> 00:32:51,228 COMMITTEE TO THE NIH DIRECTOR, 991 00:32:51,228 --> 00:32:53,931 WHICHS WAY ACTUALLY AN INTERNAL 992 00:32:53,931 --> 00:32:55,366 MEMBER OF, THAT WAS LOOKING AT 993 00:32:55,366 --> 00:32:58,102 THE POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH 994 00:32:58,102 --> 00:32:59,570 WORKFORCE AND MADE 995 00:32:59,570 --> 00:33:01,605 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HOW TO 996 00:33:01,605 --> 00:33:02,773 OPTIMIZE SUPPORT FOR POSTDOCS. 997 00:33:02,773 --> 00:33:05,576 ONE OF THEIR -- IN FACT, THEIR 998 00:33:05,576 --> 00:33:06,777 PRIMARY RECOMMENDATION WAS TO 999 00:33:06,777 --> 00:33:11,182 INCREASE THE NRSA YEAR ZERO 1000 00:33:11,182 --> 00:33:12,750 POSTDOC STIPEND TO $70,000 PER 1001 00:33:12,750 --> 00:33:12,950 YEAR. 1002 00:33:12,950 --> 00:33:14,919 SO NIH HAS BEGUN DOING THAT. 1003 00:33:14,919 --> 00:33:18,255 IT WAS NOT FEASIBLE TO DO IT ALL 1004 00:33:18,255 --> 00:33:18,789 IN ONE YEAR. 1005 00:33:18,789 --> 00:33:20,357 THERE WAS SIMPLY NO WAY FISCALLY 1006 00:33:20,357 --> 00:33:21,759 THAT THAT COULD HAVE BEEN 1007 00:33:21,759 --> 00:33:24,161 ACHIEVED TO SHIFT DIRECTLY TO 1008 00:33:24,161 --> 00:33:26,230 $70,000 IN ONE YEAR, SO INSTEAD, 1009 00:33:26,230 --> 00:33:28,165 THE TARGET IS TO DO THIS OVER 1010 00:33:28,165 --> 00:33:29,967 THE NEXT THREE TO FOUR YEARS. 1011 00:33:29,967 --> 00:33:33,103 SO NIH ANNOUNCED IT WAS 1012 00:33:33,103 --> 00:33:35,139 INCREASING THE NRSA STIPENDS FOR 1013 00:33:35,139 --> 00:33:36,140 GRADUATE STUDENTS, THE 1014 00:33:36,140 --> 00:33:38,108 PREDOCTORAL STIPEND BY 4%, 1015 00:33:38,108 --> 00:33:40,678 THAT'S GOING UP TO 28224 THIS 1016 00:33:40,678 --> 00:33:42,346 YEAR AND INCREASING THE YEAR 1017 00:33:42,346 --> 00:33:44,448 ZERO, THE FIRST YEAR 1018 00:33:44,448 --> 00:33:47,785 POSTDOCTORAL NRSA STIPEND BY 8% 1019 00:33:47,785 --> 00:33:49,220 TO $61,008. 1020 00:33:49,220 --> 00:33:51,489 AGAIN, WITH A TARGET OF $70,000 1021 00:33:51,489 --> 00:33:54,158 IN THE NEXT THREE TO FOUR YEARS, 1022 00:33:54,158 --> 00:33:57,428 BUDGETS PERMITTING. 1023 00:33:57,428 --> 00:33:59,663 THEY ALSO ANNOUNCED, WE ALSO 1024 00:33:59,663 --> 00:34:00,397 ANNOUNCED INCREASE IN THE 1025 00:34:00,397 --> 00:34:02,466 TRAINING RELATED EXPENSES FOR 1026 00:34:02,466 --> 00:34:03,701 TRAINING GRANTS AND 1027 00:34:03,701 --> 00:34:04,568 INSTITUTIONAL ALLOWANCE FOR 1028 00:34:04,568 --> 00:34:06,904 FELLOWSHIPS AND RSAs BY $200, 1029 00:34:06,904 --> 00:34:09,206 AND THE CHILD CARE SUBSIDY BY 1030 00:34:09,206 --> 00:34:09,907 $500. 1031 00:34:09,907 --> 00:34:13,410 SO THE TREs AND THE IAs, 1032 00:34:13,410 --> 00:34:14,979 THAT'S MONEY THAT CAN GO TO 1033 00:34:14,979 --> 00:34:16,313 SUPPORT BENEFITS FOR THE 1034 00:34:16,313 --> 00:34:17,948 TRAINEES SO THAT'S WHY THAT WAS 1035 00:34:17,948 --> 00:34:18,349 INCREASING. 1036 00:34:18,349 --> 00:34:20,351 AND THE CHILD CARE SUBSIDY IS 1037 00:34:20,351 --> 00:34:21,485 DIAGNOSE SOMETHING THAT HAS BEEN 1038 00:34:21,485 --> 00:34:22,319 QUITE POPULAR. 1039 00:34:22,319 --> 00:34:25,556 IT WAS $2,500 WHEN WE PUT IT 1040 00:34:25,556 --> 00:34:26,390 INTO PLACE. 1041 00:34:26,390 --> 00:34:28,526 IT'S NOW $3,000 PER TRAINEE. 1042 00:34:28,526 --> 00:34:30,628 RECOGNIZING, OF COURSE, THAT'S 1043 00:34:30,628 --> 00:34:33,063 NOWHERE NEAR THE AMOUNT OF COSTS 1044 00:34:33,063 --> 00:34:34,665 FOR CHILD CARE BUT THE IDEA IS 1045 00:34:34,665 --> 00:34:35,733 THIS IS A CONTRIBUTION NIH IS 1046 00:34:35,733 --> 00:34:38,035 MAKING AND HOPEFULLY THAT WILL 1047 00:34:38,035 --> 00:34:39,203 INCENTIVIZE INSTITUTIONS TO ALSO 1048 00:34:39,203 --> 00:34:43,173 SUBSIDIZE THE COST AS WELL. 1049 00:34:43,173 --> 00:34:44,275 NOW WE RECOGNIZE THERE'S GOING 1050 00:34:44,275 --> 00:34:45,543 TO BE A RIPPLE EFFECT. 1051 00:34:45,543 --> 00:34:48,979 THESE ARE TRAINEES SUPPORTED ON 1052 00:34:48,979 --> 00:34:50,281 TRAINING GRANTS OF FELLOWSHIPS. 1053 00:34:50,281 --> 00:34:51,949 MOST TRAINEES ARE SUPPORTED ON 1054 00:34:51,949 --> 00:34:53,484 RESEARCH GRANTS. 1055 00:34:53,484 --> 00:34:56,854 AND MANY INSTITUTIONS, MAYBE 1056 00:34:56,854 --> 00:34:59,290 MOST INSTITUTIONS SET THE 1057 00:34:59,290 --> 00:35:02,860 STIPEND LEVEL BASED ON THE NRSA 1058 00:35:02,860 --> 00:35:04,061 LEVEL AND THAT'S GOING TO RIPPLE 1059 00:35:04,061 --> 00:35:05,529 TO THE COST ON RESEARCH GRANTS. 1060 00:35:05,529 --> 00:35:06,764 SO THE QUESTION OBVIOUSLY OF 1061 00:35:06,764 --> 00:35:08,899 COURSE WHICH WE'RE HEARING AS AN 1062 00:35:08,899 --> 00:35:10,434 ALMOST DEAFENING ROAR AT THE 1063 00:35:10,434 --> 00:35:11,769 MOMENT IS ARE YOU GOING TO 1064 00:35:11,769 --> 00:35:12,570 INCREASE OUR GRANTS TO 1065 00:35:12,570 --> 00:35:15,439 COMPENSATE FOR THIS? 1066 00:35:15,439 --> 00:35:15,973 NO. 1067 00:35:15,973 --> 00:35:17,841 THE MONEY'S NOT THERE. 1068 00:35:17,841 --> 00:35:20,110 SO WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN? 1069 00:35:20,110 --> 00:35:23,681 I MEAN, I'VE BEEN SAYING THIS 1070 00:35:23,681 --> 00:35:24,982 FOR 35 YEARS, LABS ARE GOING TO 1071 00:35:24,982 --> 00:35:26,083 HAVE TO GET SMALLER. 1072 00:35:26,083 --> 00:35:27,618 THEY SHOULD GET SMALLER, THEY 1073 00:35:27,618 --> 00:35:28,819 SHOULD HAVE GOTTEN SMALLER A 1074 00:35:28,819 --> 00:35:31,388 LONG TIME AGO. 1075 00:35:31,388 --> 00:35:33,057 IT IS VERY INEFFICIENT TO RUN 1076 00:35:33,057 --> 00:35:33,824 LARGE LABS. 1077 00:35:33,824 --> 00:35:35,693 IT IS BAD FOR THE TAXPAYERS, 1078 00:35:35,693 --> 00:35:37,127 IT'S BAD FOR THE TRAINEES, AND 1079 00:35:37,127 --> 00:35:38,862 IT BAD FOR SCIENCE. 1080 00:35:38,862 --> 00:35:39,930 SO LABS ARE GOING TO HAVE TO GET 1081 00:35:39,930 --> 00:35:40,264 SMALLER. 1082 00:35:40,264 --> 00:35:41,999 I THINK THIS IS GOING TO FINALLY 1083 00:35:41,999 --> 00:35:45,903 FORCE IT, AND SO THIS TO ME IS A 1084 00:35:45,903 --> 00:35:47,538 POSITIVE UNINTENDED MAYBE 1085 00:35:47,538 --> 00:35:49,139 SLIGHTLY INTENDED CONSEQUENCE OF 1086 00:35:49,139 --> 00:35:50,774 THIS INCREASE. 1087 00:35:50,774 --> 00:35:52,142 BUT I HOPE YOU CAN HELP US GET 1088 00:35:52,142 --> 00:35:53,344 THAT MESSAGE OUT, BECAUSE THAT 1089 00:35:53,344 --> 00:35:54,612 IS SOMETHING THAT IS GOING TO 1090 00:35:54,612 --> 00:35:55,346 HAVE TO HAPPEN. 1091 00:35:55,346 --> 00:35:56,614 YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE TO HAVE 1092 00:35:56,614 --> 00:35:57,982 FEWER TRAINEES IN YOUR LABS. 1093 00:35:57,982 --> 00:35:59,650 AND THAT WILL BE FOR THE GOOD 1094 00:35:59,650 --> 00:36:01,919 ULTIMATELY, I THINK. 1095 00:36:01,919 --> 00:36:02,419 OKAY. 1096 00:36:02,419 --> 00:36:05,022 NOW DEPENDING ON FUTURE 1097 00:36:05,022 --> 00:36:07,524 APPROPRIATIONS, AS THIS STIPEND 1098 00:36:07,524 --> 00:36:10,928 INCREASE CONTINUES TO HAPPEN, IT 1099 00:36:10,928 --> 00:36:12,896 IS POSSIBLE WE MIGHT HAVE TO 1100 00:36:12,896 --> 00:36:13,998 REDUCE THE NUMBER OF TRAINEE 1101 00:36:13,998 --> 00:36:14,531 SLOTS. 1102 00:36:14,531 --> 00:36:15,666 WE DON'T KNOW FOR SURE, THERE'S 1103 00:36:15,666 --> 00:36:19,036 A LOT OF UNKNOWNS IN ALL THESE 1104 00:36:19,036 --> 00:36:19,336 EQUATIONS. 1105 00:36:19,336 --> 00:36:20,604 BUT THAT GOES ALONG WITH WHAT I 1106 00:36:20,604 --> 00:36:22,272 WAS JUST SAYING BEFORE, THE POOL 1107 00:36:22,272 --> 00:36:24,274 OF TRAINEES MIGHT HAVE TO SHRINK 1108 00:36:24,274 --> 00:36:25,476 TO ACCOMMODATE BETTER SUPPORT 1109 00:36:25,476 --> 00:36:27,111 FOR THE TRAINEES. 1110 00:36:27,111 --> 00:36:29,847 AND THAT MIGHT BE SOMETHING WE 1111 00:36:29,847 --> 00:36:31,048 GET USED TO. 1112 00:36:31,048 --> 00:36:32,349 AGAIN, PROBABLY SOMETHING THAT'S 1113 00:36:32,349 --> 00:36:34,585 OVERDUE. 1114 00:36:34,585 --> 00:36:35,586 THE GUIDE NOTICE IF YOU WANT TO 1115 00:36:35,586 --> 00:36:37,554 READ THE DETAILS IS THERE. 1116 00:36:37,554 --> 00:36:39,189 AND WE WILL SEE WHAT NEXT YEAR 1117 00:36:39,189 --> 00:36:43,394 HOLDS. 1118 00:36:43,394 --> 00:36:44,128 OKAY. 1119 00:36:44,128 --> 00:36:45,829 I WANT TO END BEFORE WE HAVE A 1120 00:36:45,829 --> 00:36:49,266 DISCUSSION BY TALKING ABOUT 1121 00:36:49,266 --> 00:36:50,034 NIH-WIDE INITIATIVE. 1122 00:36:50,034 --> 00:36:52,603 THIS IS AN INITIATIVE THAT HAS 1123 00:36:52,603 --> 00:36:54,571 BEEN REALLY THE BRAIN CHILD OF 1124 00:36:54,571 --> 00:36:56,740 AND LAUNCHED BY MONICA 1125 00:36:56,740 --> 00:37:00,678 BERTAGNOLLI, THE NIH DIRECTOR. 1126 00:37:00,678 --> 00:37:01,712 THE OBSERVATION, OF COURSE, AS 1127 00:37:01,712 --> 00:37:03,747 MOST OF YOU KNOW IS DESPITE THE 1128 00:37:03,747 --> 00:37:05,249 U.S. BEING THE RICHEST COUNTRY 1129 00:37:05,249 --> 00:37:07,184 IN THE WORLD, THE HEALTH OF OUR 1130 00:37:07,184 --> 00:37:08,652 POPULATION IS DECLINING. 1131 00:37:08,652 --> 00:37:11,021 AND THIS DECLINE IS STEEPEST 1132 00:37:11,021 --> 00:37:13,590 AMONGST UNDERSERVED POPULATIONS 1133 00:37:13,590 --> 00:37:14,658 AND THOSE IN YOU 1134 00:37:14,658 --> 00:37:15,426 UNDERSTANDREPRESENTED GROUPS. 1135 00:37:15,426 --> 00:37:17,795 SO THAT'S EXTREMELY ALARMING, 1136 00:37:17,795 --> 00:37:19,563 THAT DESPITE WEALTH INCREASING, 1137 00:37:19,563 --> 00:37:22,466 HEALTH IS GOING DOWN. 1138 00:37:22,466 --> 00:37:23,600 SO WHAT CAN WE DO? 1139 00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:25,069 THE GOAL OF THE PROGRAM IS TO 1140 00:37:25,069 --> 00:37:29,573 IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES AND 1141 00:37:29,573 --> 00:37:31,075 RESEARCH EQUITY BY LAUNCHING A 1142 00:37:31,075 --> 00:37:34,478 NETWORK THAT WILL ALLOW THE 1143 00:37:34,478 --> 00:37:36,013 CONDUCT OF CLINICAL RESEARCH IN 1144 00:37:36,013 --> 00:37:39,416 PRIMARY CARE SETTINGS. 1145 00:37:39,416 --> 00:37:40,484 PRIMARY CARE SETTINGS ARE WHERE 1146 00:37:40,484 --> 00:37:41,485 MOST PEOPLE ARE GETTING MOST OF 1147 00:37:41,485 --> 00:37:42,019 THEIR CARE. 1148 00:37:42,019 --> 00:37:44,421 IT'S THE REAL WORLD. 1149 00:37:44,421 --> 00:37:46,290 MANY TIMES WHEN CLINICAL TRIALS 1150 00:37:46,290 --> 00:37:47,825 ARE BEING CONDUCTED, THEY'RE 1151 00:37:47,825 --> 00:37:51,829 BEING CONDUCTED IN A VERY RARE 1152 00:37:51,829 --> 00:37:52,796 FIED ACADEMIC HOSPITAL SETTING 1153 00:37:52,796 --> 00:37:54,098 IN A RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT THAT 1154 00:37:54,098 --> 00:37:55,165 REALLY DOESN'T MIMIC WHAT 1155 00:37:55,165 --> 00:37:56,100 HAPPENS IN THE REAL WORLD. 1156 00:37:56,100 --> 00:37:57,434 SO WHETHER OR NOT THE RESULTS 1157 00:37:57,434 --> 00:37:59,136 WILL TRANSLATE INTO THE ACTUAL 1158 00:37:59,136 --> 00:38:00,971 WORLD, INTO A CLINIC IN RURAL 1159 00:38:00,971 --> 00:38:04,575 WEST VIRGINIA OR MAINE OR 1160 00:38:04,575 --> 00:38:08,178 LOUISIANA, IS NOT CLEAR. 1161 00:38:08,178 --> 00:38:10,314 SO THE GOAL IS TO CREATE A 1162 00:38:10,314 --> 00:38:11,014 RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT WHERE WE 1163 00:38:11,014 --> 00:38:12,516 CAN ACTUALLY TEST REAL WORLD 1164 00:38:12,516 --> 00:38:17,287 SORTS OF CLINICAL PROBLEMS AND 1165 00:38:17,287 --> 00:38:18,122 HOPEFULLY FIND SOLUTIONS THAT 1166 00:38:18,122 --> 00:38:22,993 WILL WORK AT SCALE. 1167 00:38:22,993 --> 00:38:24,328 SO THIS WILL BE A COMMON FUND 1168 00:38:24,328 --> 00:38:25,729 PROGRAM, ALTHOUGH WITH A LOT OF 1169 00:38:25,729 --> 00:38:29,566 SUPPORT FROM INSTITUTE RESOUR 1170 00:38:29,566 --> 00:38:29,833 RESOURCES. 1171 00:38:29,833 --> 00:38:32,870 IT'S GOING TO BE A PRIMARY 1172 00:38:32,870 --> 00:38:38,809 FOCUSED CLINICAL RESEARCH 1173 00:38:38,809 --> 00:38:39,409 INFRASTRUCTURE. 1174 00:38:39,409 --> 00:38:41,178 IT WILL BE DISEASE AGNOSTIC. 1175 00:38:41,178 --> 00:38:45,716 JUST LIKE PRIMARY CARE, ANY KIND 1176 00:38:45,716 --> 00:38:47,251 OF RESEARCH QUESTION THAT CAN BE 1177 00:38:47,251 --> 00:38:48,218 APPROACHED IN THE PRIMARY CARE 1178 00:38:48,218 --> 00:38:49,319 SETTING WILL BE A POSSIBILITY. 1179 00:38:49,319 --> 00:38:51,421 THEREFORE IT'S GOING TO SPAN THE 1180 00:38:51,421 --> 00:38:52,656 MISSIONARIES OF ALL THE ICs. 1181 00:38:52,656 --> 00:38:55,559 THERE'S GOING TO BE A FOCUS ON 1182 00:38:55,559 --> 00:38:56,593 INTEGRATING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH 1183 00:38:56,593 --> 00:38:57,795 INTO THAT REAL WORLD SETTING IN 1184 00:38:57,795 --> 00:38:59,997 A WAY THAT DOESN'T DISRUPT THE 1185 00:38:59,997 --> 00:39:00,798 PRIMARY CARE MISSIONS OF THE 1186 00:39:00,798 --> 00:39:01,665 ACTUAL CLINICS. 1187 00:39:01,665 --> 00:39:03,934 THAT'S GOING TO BE REALLY TRICKY 1188 00:39:03,934 --> 00:39:04,768 OF COURSE BECAUSE NIL OF YOU 1189 00:39:04,768 --> 00:39:06,036 THAT HAVE BEEN TO THE DOCTOR 1190 00:39:06,036 --> 00:39:06,804 RECENTLY KNOW THAT THEY'RE 1191 00:39:06,804 --> 00:39:08,438 SEEING A PATIENT EVERY 10 OR 15 1192 00:39:08,438 --> 00:39:10,941 MINUTES, COMING AND SAYING, HEY, 1193 00:39:10,941 --> 00:39:12,409 WE WANT TO DO RESEARCH, WE'RE 1194 00:39:12,409 --> 00:39:13,744 GOING TO TAKE SOME OF YOUR TIME 1195 00:39:13,744 --> 00:39:14,978 DO RESEARCH, IS PROBABLY NOT 1196 00:39:14,978 --> 00:39:15,879 GOING TO WORK VERY WELL. 1197 00:39:15,879 --> 00:39:17,481 SO WE'RE GO TO HAVE TO FIND 1198 00:39:17,481 --> 00:39:19,583 INNOVATIVE WAYS TO ALLOW THE 1199 00:39:19,583 --> 00:39:22,085 PRIMARY CARE TO BE HAPPENING AND 1200 00:39:22,085 --> 00:39:24,621 MAYBE EVEN IMPROVED THROUGH THE 1201 00:39:24,621 --> 00:39:27,925 RESEARCH WHILE AT THE SAME TIME 1202 00:39:27,925 --> 00:39:28,959 ALLOWING THE RESEARCH TO TAKE 1203 00:39:28,959 --> 00:39:29,359 PLACE. 1204 00:39:29,359 --> 00:39:30,227 SO THAT WILL BE INTERESTING AND 1205 00:39:30,227 --> 00:39:31,962 I THINK QUITE EXCITING IF IT CAN 1206 00:39:31,962 --> 00:39:34,865 HAPPEN. 1207 00:39:34,865 --> 00:39:37,367 A KEY PART OF THIS IS COMMUNITY 1208 00:39:37,367 --> 00:39:38,769 ENGAGEMENT, AND WHAT THEY REALLY 1209 00:39:38,769 --> 00:39:41,538 WANT TO SEE IS THE PR 1210 00:39:41,538 --> 00:39:42,539 PRIORITIZATION OF WHAT IS 1211 00:39:42,539 --> 00:39:43,507 STUDIED AND EVEN THE IDEAS FOR 1212 00:39:43,507 --> 00:39:46,543 WHAT IS STUDIED COMING FROM THES 1213 00:39:46,543 --> 00:39:49,746 AND BTHECOMMUNITIES AND BEING IN 1214 00:39:49,746 --> 00:39:51,148 PARTNERSHIP WITH THE COMMUNITIES 1215 00:39:51,148 --> 00:39:54,084 RATHER THAN ACADEMIC 1216 00:39:54,084 --> 00:39:55,085 INSTITUTIONS SAYING WE WANT TO 1217 00:39:55,085 --> 00:39:56,486 DO OUR CLINICAL TRIAL FOR THIS 1218 00:39:56,486 --> 00:39:57,354 SPECIFIC THING THAT YOU MAY OR 1219 00:39:57,354 --> 00:39:58,655 MAY NOT BE INTERESTED IN ON YOU 1220 00:39:58,655 --> 00:39:59,857 IN YOUR SETTING. 1221 00:39:59,857 --> 00:40:00,924 THAT'S HELICOPTER RESEARCH, 1222 00:40:00,924 --> 00:40:05,462 THAT'S NOT GOING TO WORK. 1223 00:40:05,462 --> 00:40:08,265 THIS NEEDS TO BE MUCH MORE 1224 00:40:08,265 --> 00:40:09,132 INTEGRATED, GRASSROOTS AND 1225 00:40:09,132 --> 00:40:10,200 GROUND UP IN TERMS OF WHAT IS 1226 00:40:10,200 --> 00:40:11,969 BEING STUDIED AND EVEN HOW IT'S 1227 00:40:11,969 --> 00:40:13,303 BEING STUDIED. 1228 00:40:13,303 --> 00:40:15,138 SO PRIORITIZATION OF WHAT'S 1229 00:40:15,138 --> 00:40:15,973 STUDIED BY THE COMMUNITIES TO 1230 00:40:15,973 --> 00:40:17,374 MAKE SURE THAT THE CHALLENGES 1231 00:40:17,374 --> 00:40:19,409 THEY ACTUALLY FACE ARE THE ONES 1232 00:40:19,409 --> 00:40:24,381 THAT GET PRIORITIZED. 1233 00:40:24,381 --> 00:40:25,649 SO TO START OUT, THIS IS GOING 1234 00:40:25,649 --> 00:40:26,984 TO START OUT THIS YEAR SMALL 1235 00:40:26,984 --> 00:40:29,286 WITH A FEW SITES, AND THEY'RE 1236 00:40:29,286 --> 00:40:30,754 GOING TO LEVERAGE EXISTING 1237 00:40:30,754 --> 00:40:32,556 CLINICAL NETWORKS. 1238 00:40:32,556 --> 00:40:35,926 AS IT TURNS OUT, WE HAVE A GREAT 1239 00:40:35,926 --> 00:40:38,428 CLINICAL NETWORK AT NIGMS, WHICH 1240 00:40:38,428 --> 00:40:40,130 IS THE IDEA CLINICAL AND 1241 00:40:40,130 --> 00:40:40,964 TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAM, 1242 00:40:40,964 --> 00:40:42,933 WHICH IS, I THINK, IDEALLY 1243 00:40:42,933 --> 00:40:46,003 SUITED TO HOST THIS SORT OF AN 1244 00:40:46,003 --> 00:40:48,906 EFFORT, AND ACTUALLY REALLY 1245 00:40:48,906 --> 00:40:50,140 DOVETAILS THE DIRECTION WE WERE 1246 00:40:50,140 --> 00:40:52,175 TRYING TO GET THE CTRs TO MOVE 1247 00:40:52,175 --> 00:40:53,911 ANYWAYS, WHICH IS DOING MORE 1248 00:40:53,911 --> 00:40:56,380 LARGE SCALE CLINICAL TRIALS AND 1249 00:40:56,380 --> 00:40:57,614 COLLABORATIONS INSTEAD OF LOTS 1250 00:40:57,614 --> 00:40:58,882 OF SMALL ONES, BECAUSE WE THINK 1251 00:40:58,882 --> 00:41:01,218 REALLY THAT'S GOING TO HAVE MORE 1252 00:41:01,218 --> 00:41:03,520 IMPACT FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES AND 1253 00:41:03,520 --> 00:41:05,722 ALSO FOR BUILDING THE RESEARCH 1254 00:41:05,722 --> 00:41:07,324 CAPACITY TO DO REALLY HIGH 1255 00:41:07,324 --> 00:41:08,225 QUALITY CLINICAL RESEARCH. 1256 00:41:08,225 --> 00:41:10,160 SO WE'RE HOPING THE CTRs ARE 1257 00:41:10,160 --> 00:41:11,428 GOING TO BE CLOSELY ENGAGED IN 1258 00:41:11,428 --> 00:41:12,062 THIS EFFORT. 1259 00:41:12,062 --> 00:41:14,064 EVERY CTR HAS TO HAVE A 1260 00:41:14,064 --> 00:41:15,198 PRACTICE-BASED RESEARCH NETWORK, 1261 00:41:15,198 --> 00:41:17,200 SO THAT'S A NETWORK OF PRIMARY 1262 00:41:17,200 --> 00:41:19,903 CARE SITES THROUGHOUT THE STATE. 1263 00:41:19,903 --> 00:41:20,971 WHERE THEY'RE CONDUCTING 1264 00:41:20,971 --> 00:41:23,974 RESEARCH IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE 1265 00:41:23,974 --> 00:41:26,076 MAIN RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES IN 1266 00:41:26,076 --> 00:41:26,643 THE STATES. 1267 00:41:26,643 --> 00:41:28,712 SO AGAIN, IDEALLY SET UP. 1268 00:41:28,712 --> 00:41:30,247 MOST OF THE IDEA STATES ARE VERY 1269 00:41:30,247 --> 00:41:32,349 RURAL STATES WITH 1270 00:41:32,349 --> 00:41:33,283 UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS, SO 1271 00:41:33,283 --> 00:41:35,152 AGAIN, I THINK THAT REALLY MEETS 1272 00:41:35,152 --> 00:41:40,290 THE GOALS OF THIS PROGRAM. 1273 00:41:40,290 --> 00:41:42,993 AND AGAIN, TRYING TO GET BOTH 1274 00:41:42,993 --> 00:41:45,162 THE COMMUNITIES AS WELL AS THE 1275 00:41:45,162 --> 00:41:46,763 PROVIDERS IN THESE PRIMARY CARE 1276 00:41:46,763 --> 00:41:48,799 SITES TO BE THE ONES HELPING TO 1277 00:41:48,799 --> 00:41:50,167 GUIDE THE QUESTIONS AND THE 1278 00:41:50,167 --> 00:41:51,535 RESEARCH WILL BE AN ESSENTIAL 1279 00:41:51,535 --> 00:41:54,638 PART OF THIS PROGRAM. 1280 00:41:54,638 --> 00:41:55,906 SO WE'RE QUITE EXCITED ABOUT 1281 00:41:55,906 --> 00:41:56,340 THIS PROGRAM. 1282 00:41:56,340 --> 00:41:57,674 IT'S GETTING LAUNCHED RIGHT NOW. 1283 00:41:57,674 --> 00:41:59,276 THERE ARE A NUMBER OF PUBLIC 1284 00:41:59,276 --> 00:42:00,377 FORUMS THAT ARE HAPPENING, SO 1285 00:42:00,377 --> 00:42:02,379 KEEP YOUR EYES OUT FOR 1286 00:42:02,379 --> 00:42:03,780 ANNOUNCEMENTS OF THOSE. 1287 00:42:03,780 --> 00:42:06,583 THEY'RE TRYING TO GET THE 1288 00:42:06,583 --> 00:42:09,119 PERSPECTIVES OF PHYSICIANS, 1289 00:42:09,119 --> 00:42:10,620 RESEARCHERS, THE COMMUNITIES, 1290 00:42:10,620 --> 00:42:12,089 INTO HOW THIS COULD WORK AND 1291 00:42:12,089 --> 00:42:13,557 WHERE THE CHALLENGES WILL BE AND 1292 00:42:13,557 --> 00:42:15,792 HOW TO OVERCOME THE CHALLENGES. 1293 00:42:15,792 --> 00:42:17,594 THE QUICK LAUNCH AS I SAID IS 1294 00:42:17,594 --> 00:42:19,463 GOING TO LEVERAGE EXISTING 1295 00:42:19,463 --> 00:42:21,131 NETWORKS, HOPEFULLY LIKE THE 1296 00:42:21,131 --> 00:42:22,199 CTRs. 1297 00:42:22,199 --> 00:42:23,300 THE BUDGET IS QUITE SMALL IN THE 1298 00:42:23,300 --> 00:42:24,434 FIRST YEAR TO GET THINGS 1299 00:42:24,434 --> 00:42:25,402 STARTED, SO THEY'RE GOING TO 1300 00:42:25,402 --> 00:42:26,203 REALLY RELY ON THE 1301 00:42:26,203 --> 00:42:27,137 INFRASTRUCTURE THAT'S ALREADY 1302 00:42:27,137 --> 00:42:27,371 THERE. 1303 00:42:27,371 --> 00:42:29,539 AND THEN IT'S GOING TO RAMP UP 1304 00:42:29,539 --> 00:42:31,742 FAIRLY SIGNIFICANTLY IN 2025 AND 1305 00:42:31,742 --> 00:42:34,578 BEYOND WITH THIS COMMON FUND 1306 00:42:34,578 --> 00:42:36,847 MONEY. 1307 00:42:36,847 --> 00:42:38,048 SO I'M VERY EXCITED ABOUT THIS. 1308 00:42:38,048 --> 00:42:39,216 I THINK THIS COULD BE 1309 00:42:39,216 --> 00:42:39,683 TRANSFORMATIVE. 1310 00:42:39,683 --> 00:42:40,917 IT IS GOING TO BE A LOT OF 1311 00:42:40,917 --> 00:42:42,052 CHALLENGES, BUT IF WE CAN MEET 1312 00:42:42,052 --> 00:42:44,354 THEM, I THINK IT COULD BE QUITE 1313 00:42:44,354 --> 00:42:44,955 IMPACTFUL. 1314 00:42:44,955 --> 00:42:46,990 SO HOPEFULLY THIS WILL ENGAGE 1315 00:42:46,990 --> 00:42:48,091 YOUR IMAGINATION, GET YOU 1316 00:42:48,091 --> 00:42:49,993 THINKING OF HOW THIS MIGHT BE 1317 00:42:49,993 --> 00:42:54,231 USED, YOU KNOW, FOR WENDY, HOW 1318 00:42:54,231 --> 00:42:56,033 CAN INDUSTRY ENGAGE IN THIS, FOR 1319 00:42:56,033 --> 00:42:58,935 INSTANCE, TO PARTNER WITH IT, 1320 00:42:58,935 --> 00:43:00,137 WHICH I THINK IS ANOTHER 1321 00:43:00,137 --> 00:43:00,937 EXCITING OPPORTUNITY. 1322 00:43:00,937 --> 00:43:01,938 FINALLY, JUST REMIND YOU THAT WE 1323 00:43:01,938 --> 00:43:04,041 HAVE LOTS OF WAYS TO COMMUNICATE 1324 00:43:04,041 --> 00:43:05,175 WITH YOU AND HOPEFULLY FOR YOU 1325 00:43:05,175 --> 00:43:06,476 TO COMMUNICATE WITH US. 1326 00:43:06,476 --> 00:43:08,078 IF YOU ARE NOT SIGNED UP FOR THE 1327 00:43:08,078 --> 00:43:10,414 FEEDBACK LOOP AND THE BIOBEAT 1328 00:43:10,414 --> 00:43:11,848 BLOG, PLEASE DO SO, PLEASE 1329 00:43:11,848 --> 00:43:15,419 ENCOURAGE OTHERS TO DO SO. 1330 00:43:15,419 --> 00:43:16,753 IT'S VERY CHALLENGING FOR US TO 1331 00:43:16,753 --> 00:43:19,589 GET THE WORD OUT OFTEN TO ALL 1332 00:43:19,589 --> 00:43:26,763 THESE BUSY PEOPLE, SO THINK OF 1333 00:43:26,763 --> 00:43:28,932 EVERY WAY WE CAN TO TELL THEM 1334 00:43:28,932 --> 00:43:30,067 IMPORTANT MESSAGES THAT WE WANT 1335 00:43:30,067 --> 00:43:31,568 TO GET OUT AND THEN WE GO TO 1336 00:43:31,568 --> 00:43:32,669 MEETINGS AND PEOPLE SAY I NEVER 1337 00:43:32,669 --> 00:43:32,969 HEARD THAT. 1338 00:43:32,969 --> 00:43:34,337 THIS IS HOW YOU'RE GOING TO HEAR 1339 00:43:34,337 --> 00:43:36,106 IT, THROUGH THE FEEDBACK LOOP, 1340 00:43:36,106 --> 00:43:38,208 AND ALSO THROUGH THE SOCIAL 1341 00:43:38,208 --> 00:43:40,544 MEDIA WHERE WE'RE FOCUSING ON, 1342 00:43:40,544 --> 00:43:41,678 PARTICULARLY LINKEDIN, THAT'S 1343 00:43:41,678 --> 00:43:43,280 THE SITE WHERE I WOULD ENCOURAGE 1344 00:43:43,280 --> 00:43:44,381 PEOPLE IF YOU'RE ON LINKEDIN, 1345 00:43:44,381 --> 00:43:45,816 WHAT DO THEY DO ON LINKEDIN, 1346 00:43:45,816 --> 00:43:47,784 FRIEND US OR LIKE US OR 1347 00:43:47,784 --> 00:43:48,819 SOMETHING, WHATEVER YOU DO, BE 1348 00:43:48,819 --> 00:43:51,321 NICE TO US ON LINKEDIN. 1349 00:43:51,321 --> 00:43:52,889 SO WITH THAT, WE'LL TURN IT OVER 1350 00:43:52,889 --> 00:43:53,924 TO HAVE A DISCUSSION. 1351 00:43:53,924 --> 00:43:55,559 I HAVE TWO QUESTIONS JUST TO PUT 1352 00:43:55,559 --> 00:43:56,760 OUT THERE FOR YOU TO THINK 1353 00:43:56,760 --> 00:43:58,328 ABOUT, BUT YOU'RE WELCOME TO 1354 00:43:58,328 --> 00:43:59,529 BRING UP ANYTHING YOU WANT, 1355 00:43:59,529 --> 00:44:00,664 WHETHER I TALKED ABOUT IT HERE 1356 00:44:00,664 --> 00:44:04,034 OR SOMETHING ELSE. 1357 00:44:04,034 --> 00:44:05,268 OBVIOUSLY ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM 1358 00:44:05,268 --> 00:44:07,370 IS HOW SHOULD INSTITUTIONS AND 1359 00:44:07,370 --> 00:44:08,972 RESEARCHERS APPROACH THIS 1360 00:44:08,972 --> 00:44:11,308 INCREASE IN NRSA STIPENDS? 1361 00:44:11,308 --> 00:44:12,876 I CHALLENGE YOU ABOUT LAB SIZE 1362 00:44:12,876 --> 00:44:13,310 THERE. 1363 00:44:13,310 --> 00:44:14,244 THERE'S LOTS OF OTHER THINGS TO 1364 00:44:14,244 --> 00:44:15,078 THINK ABOUT. 1365 00:44:15,078 --> 00:44:16,513 I'D LOVE TO HEAR YOUR 1366 00:44:16,513 --> 00:44:18,348 PERSPECTIVES ON THAT IN TERMS OF 1367 00:44:18,348 --> 00:44:19,916 WHAT ARE THE SOLUTIONS, HOW CAN 1368 00:44:19,916 --> 00:44:21,351 WE ADDRESS THIS. 1369 00:44:21,351 --> 00:44:22,052 ANOTHER THING THAT WE'RE 1370 00:44:22,052 --> 00:44:23,153 THINKING ABOUT A LOT AND WE MAY 1371 00:44:23,153 --> 00:44:25,722 HAVE A DEEPER DISCUSSION OF AT A 1372 00:44:25,722 --> 00:44:27,491 LATER POINT BUT JUST KIND OF TO 1373 00:44:27,491 --> 00:44:30,994 GET SOME THOUGHTS FROM YOU, YOU 1374 00:44:30,994 --> 00:44:33,063 MAY REMEMBER THAT WE HAVE 1375 00:44:33,063 --> 00:44:35,565 PROGRAMS TO SUPPORT NATIONAL AND 1376 00:44:35,565 --> 00:44:39,336 REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES, 1377 00:44:39,336 --> 00:44:41,371 RUN IN DOROTHY'S DIVISION. 1378 00:44:41,371 --> 00:44:43,106 THESE ARE PROVING EXTREMELY 1379 00:44:43,106 --> 00:44:44,107 SUCCESSFUL BY AND LARGE. 1380 00:44:44,107 --> 00:44:45,842 EXAMPLES ARE THINGS LIKE THE 1381 00:44:45,842 --> 00:44:46,977 CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY CENTER, 1382 00:44:46,977 --> 00:44:48,445 WHICH WE'RE JUST TAKING OVER 1383 00:44:48,445 --> 00:44:49,312 FUNDING THIS YEAR FROM THE 1384 00:44:49,312 --> 00:44:50,747 COMMON FUND, THE NATIONAL 1385 00:44:50,747 --> 00:44:53,016 MAGNETIC RESONANCE FACILITY IN 1386 00:44:53,016 --> 00:44:55,118 WISCONSIN, AND THE IDEA NATIONAL 1387 00:44:55,118 --> 00:44:56,686 RESOURCE FOR QUANTITATIVE 1388 00:44:56,686 --> 00:44:58,788 PROTEOMICS IN ARKANSAS AND 1389 00:44:58,788 --> 00:45:00,357 OKLAHOMA, WHICH EXCEEDED ALL OF 1390 00:45:00,357 --> 00:45:02,826 OUR EXPECTATIONS IN WHAT IT'S 1391 00:45:02,826 --> 00:45:03,627 BEEN ABLE TO ACHIEVE. 1392 00:45:03,627 --> 00:45:06,463 THERE ARE OTHER ONES AS WELL. 1393 00:45:06,463 --> 00:45:08,398 VERY SUCCESSFUL. 1394 00:45:08,398 --> 00:45:10,267 BUT SINCE WE HAVE THIS PROGRAM 1395 00:45:10,267 --> 00:45:12,702 TO SUPPORT THESE RESOURCES, WE 1396 00:45:12,702 --> 00:45:13,904 ARE CURIOUS WHETHER THE 1397 00:45:13,904 --> 00:45:16,373 COMMUNITY CAN THINK OF OTHER 1398 00:45:16,373 --> 00:45:17,941 TECHNOLOGIES THAT WOULD LEND 1399 00:45:17,941 --> 00:45:20,477 THEMSELVES WELL TO THIS LARGE 1400 00:45:20,477 --> 00:45:22,546 SCALE NATIONAL OR MAYBE REGIONAL 1401 00:45:22,546 --> 00:45:24,548 KIND OF FACILITY WHERE YOU GET 1402 00:45:24,548 --> 00:45:28,385 ECONOMIES OF SCALE, TO MAKE IT 1403 00:45:28,385 --> 00:45:30,620 MUCH MORE EFFICIENT TO FUND, BUT 1404 00:45:30,620 --> 00:45:32,656 YOU'D ALSO DRAMATICALLY INCREASE 1405 00:45:32,656 --> 00:45:34,457 ACCESS FOR USERS REGARDLESS OF 1406 00:45:34,457 --> 00:45:35,992 WHERE THEY WERE OR WHAT KIND OF 1407 00:45:35,992 --> 00:45:36,826 INSTITUTION THEY WERE AT. 1408 00:45:36,826 --> 00:45:38,128 SO THAT'S ANOTHER QUESTION THAT 1409 00:45:38,128 --> 00:45:39,563 I'D BE VERY INTERESTED IN 1410 00:45:39,563 --> 00:45:40,830 HEARING THE ANSWER. 1411 00:45:40,830 --> 00:45:43,133 I WILL GO SIT DOWN AND THEN WE 1412 00:45:43,133 --> 00:45:53,510 CAN HAVE A DISCUSSION. 1413 00:46:01,851 --> 00:46:02,752 DON'T BE SHY. 1414 00:46:02,752 --> 00:46:03,653 DAVID, GO AHEAD. 1415 00:46:03,653 --> 00:46:07,757 >> SO PERTAINING TO INCREASES IN 1416 00:46:07,757 --> 00:46:09,926 SALARIES FOR POSTDOCS, WE'RE 1417 00:46:09,926 --> 00:46:11,928 SEEING GRADUATE STUDENT SALARIES 1418 00:46:11,928 --> 00:46:13,230 INCREASE AS WELL, AS YOU SAID, 1419 00:46:13,230 --> 00:46:16,099 WE'LL HAVE TO RUN SMALLER LABS, 1420 00:46:16,099 --> 00:46:18,768 BUT THE WORKFORCE TRAINING 1421 00:46:18,768 --> 00:46:20,870 DEVELOPMENT ASPECT OF WHAT WE DO 1422 00:46:20,870 --> 00:46:21,871 IS JUST AS IMPORTANT AS THE 1423 00:46:21,871 --> 00:46:22,372 RESEARCH. 1424 00:46:22,372 --> 00:46:24,107 I WONDER IF THERE'S SOME THOUGHT 1425 00:46:24,107 --> 00:46:26,476 ABOUT WHAT'S THE RIGHT NUMBER OF 1426 00:46:26,476 --> 00:46:28,345 TRAINEES TO TRAIN, AND WILL WE 1427 00:46:28,345 --> 00:46:29,613 TRAIN THE RIGHT NUMBER OF PEOPLE 1428 00:46:29,613 --> 00:46:31,681 TO GO INTO CAREERS? 1429 00:46:31,681 --> 00:46:33,383 >> THAT'S A QUESTION THAT GOES 1430 00:46:33,383 --> 00:46:37,020 BACK SEVERAL DECADES, RIGHT, TO 1431 00:46:37,020 --> 00:46:39,956 SHIRLEY TILLMAN IN REPORTS. 1432 00:46:39,956 --> 00:46:41,424 NIH HAS SPENT A LONG TIME TRYING 1433 00:46:41,424 --> 00:46:42,559 TO MODEL THAT WITHOUT ANY 1434 00:46:42,559 --> 00:46:43,059 SUCCESS. 1435 00:46:43,059 --> 00:46:44,160 IT BASICALLY TURNS OUT TO BE 1436 00:46:44,160 --> 00:46:44,761 IMPOSSIBLE. 1437 00:46:44,761 --> 00:46:47,530 THERE'S TOO MANY KNOWN/UNKNOWNS 1438 00:46:47,530 --> 00:46:50,200 AND UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS TO SOLVE 1439 00:46:50,200 --> 00:46:50,900 THE EQUATION. 1440 00:46:50,900 --> 00:46:52,469 SO I THINK WE KIND OF HAVE TO 1441 00:46:52,469 --> 00:46:55,038 RESPOND TO IMMEDIATE MARKET 1442 00:46:55,038 --> 00:46:58,541 FORCES, AND THAT'S PROBABLY THE 1443 00:46:58,541 --> 00:47:00,076 BEST WE'RE GOING TO BE ABLE TO 1444 00:47:00,076 --> 00:47:01,544 DO WITH A YEAR OR TWO WINDOW ON 1445 00:47:01,544 --> 00:47:03,947 EITHER SIDE. 1446 00:47:03,947 --> 00:47:06,082 >> DO YOU HAVE A SENSE OF -- I 1447 00:47:06,082 --> 00:47:07,250 GUESS I DON'T HAVE A GOOD SENSE 1448 00:47:07,250 --> 00:47:08,084 OF THE MARKET FORCES. 1449 00:47:08,084 --> 00:47:10,186 YOU KNOW, THAT IS, THE TRAINEES 1450 00:47:10,186 --> 00:47:11,888 THAT I TRAIN FIND JOBS AND THEY 1451 00:47:11,888 --> 00:47:12,989 HAVE SOME IDEA OF WHAT THE 1452 00:47:12,989 --> 00:47:15,292 MARKET IS LIKE, BUT IS THERE 1453 00:47:15,292 --> 00:47:16,826 SOME ASSESSMENT OF THAT? 1454 00:47:16,826 --> 00:47:18,862 >> WELL, THERE ARE PLACES, ONE 1455 00:47:18,862 --> 00:47:22,399 CAN LOOK AT NSF DATA, FOR 1456 00:47:22,399 --> 00:47:24,067 INSTANCE, TO SEE ARE PEOPLE 1457 00:47:24,067 --> 00:47:26,102 GETTING JOBS AFTER THEY 1458 00:47:26,102 --> 00:47:26,803 GRADUATE? 1459 00:47:26,803 --> 00:47:28,305 GENERAL UNEMPLOYMENT IS QUITE 1460 00:47:28,305 --> 00:47:29,906 LOW FOR PEOPLE GETTING PH.D.s 1461 00:47:29,906 --> 00:47:33,777 IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, SO THAT 1462 00:47:33,777 --> 00:47:36,379 SEEMS LIKENESS SAIRLY 1463 00:47:36,379 --> 00:47:38,581 OVERTRAINING FOR THE WHOLE 1464 00:47:38,581 --> 00:47:41,851 SYSTEM BUT YOU ALSO HAVE TO LOOK 1465 00:47:41,851 --> 00:47:43,253 AT INDIVIDUAL PIECES OF THE 1466 00:47:43,253 --> 00:47:45,622 SYSTEM, ACADEMIA VERSUS 1467 00:47:45,622 --> 00:47:46,122 INDUSTRY, FOR INSTANCE. 1468 00:47:46,122 --> 00:47:47,357 IT'S EASIER ONLINE. 1469 00:47:47,357 --> 00:47:49,025 THIS WAS ONE THING THAT'S MUCH 1470 00:47:49,025 --> 00:47:49,859 EASIER ONLINE. 1471 00:47:49,859 --> 00:47:52,062 WE'LL GO TERRI, THEN ERIC, THEN 1472 00:47:52,062 --> 00:47:52,595 AMY. 1473 00:47:52,595 --> 00:47:56,032 >> SO A FOLLOW-UP ON THE NRSA 1474 00:47:56,032 --> 00:47:58,535 JIE PENDS. 1475 00:47:58,535 --> 00:47:59,336 STIPENDS. 1476 00:47:59,336 --> 00:48:01,438 I LOOK AT THAT NUMBER AND HAVING 1477 00:48:01,438 --> 00:48:03,039 SPENT A LOT OF TIME ON THE EAST 1478 00:48:03,039 --> 00:48:05,108 COAST, I THINK EIGHT YEARS AGO, 1479 00:48:05,108 --> 00:48:07,477 STUDENTS AT MY INSTITUTION WERE 1480 00:48:07,477 --> 00:48:09,746 MAKING THAT STIPEND, THE 1481 00:48:09,746 --> 00:48:10,547 ANALYSIS THAT WAS DONE TO 1482 00:48:10,547 --> 00:48:12,115 INCREASE THIS, DID ANYONE LOOK 1483 00:48:12,115 --> 00:48:13,650 AT -- IF YOU LOOK GENERALLY AT 1484 00:48:13,650 --> 00:48:17,153 THE INSTITUTIONS WHERE NIH OR 1485 00:48:17,153 --> 00:48:18,755 NIGMS FUNDS PREDOCTORALS, HOW 1486 00:48:18,755 --> 00:48:20,056 FAR ARE THEY ACTUALLY OFF FROM 1487 00:48:20,056 --> 00:48:21,991 WHAT THE MEAN OR THE MEDIAN IS 1488 00:48:21,991 --> 00:48:22,892 FOR GRADUATE STUDENT 1489 00:48:22,892 --> 00:48:23,360 COMPENSATION? 1490 00:48:23,360 --> 00:48:25,729 BECAUSE AS I ALSO RECALL IN 1491 00:48:25,729 --> 00:48:27,664 CERTAIN FUNDING FORMATS, YOU 1492 00:48:27,664 --> 00:48:29,099 CAN'T SUBSIDIZE A STUDENT UP TO 1493 00:48:29,099 --> 00:48:30,834 THE UNIVERSITY STIPEND WITH 1494 00:48:30,834 --> 00:48:31,868 OTHER FEDERAL FUNDS. 1495 00:48:31,868 --> 00:48:39,442 AND SO THAT DW -- SO INCREASINGT 1496 00:48:39,442 --> 00:48:42,712 IIS GOOD IN SOME SENSE BECAUSE T 1497 00:48:42,712 --> 00:48:46,049 CAN BE VERY -- DO WE KNOW WHAT 1498 00:48:46,049 --> 00:48:47,050 THAT DELTA ACTUALLY IS? 1499 00:48:47,050 --> 00:48:49,119 >> SO YES, BUT WITH A CAVEAT 1500 00:48:49,119 --> 00:48:52,789 THAT IT'S PARTIALLY INFLUENCED 1501 00:48:52,789 --> 00:48:55,558 BY WHAT THE STIPEND NIH SETS IS, 1502 00:48:55,558 --> 00:48:56,659 BECAUSE INSTITUTIONS -- YOU 1503 00:48:56,659 --> 00:48:59,496 KNOW, THE COASTAL INSTITUTIONS 1504 00:48:59,496 --> 00:49:02,565 IN HIGH INCOME AREAS FLOATED 1505 00:49:02,565 --> 00:49:04,167 ABOVE A LOT, RIGHT, BUT ACROSS 1506 00:49:04,167 --> 00:49:06,669 THE COUNTRY, THEY'RE OFTEN 1507 00:49:06,669 --> 00:49:10,373 PINNING TO THE STY PEND STIPENDE 1508 00:49:10,373 --> 00:49:11,908 SORT OF SET IT AT SOME LEVEL. 1509 00:49:11,908 --> 00:49:13,343 SO FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS AS OF A 1510 00:49:13,343 --> 00:49:17,147 YEAR OR SO AGO, IT WAS 3435, SO 1511 00:49:17,147 --> 00:49:20,150 28'S NOT THERE, BUT A REALLY 1512 00:49:20,150 --> 00:49:22,285 IMPORTANT POINT IS THAT THE 1513 00:49:22,285 --> 00:49:24,888 ACTUAL DEFINITION OF STIPEND 1514 00:49:24,888 --> 00:49:27,924 FROM NIH IS THE CONTRIBUTION 1515 00:49:27,924 --> 00:49:29,826 THAT NIH IS MAKING TO THE LIVING 1516 00:49:29,826 --> 00:49:31,127 EXPENSES OF THE TRAINEES. 1517 00:49:31,127 --> 00:49:33,596 IT'S VERY EXPLICIT THAT IT'S NOT 1518 00:49:33,596 --> 00:49:35,899 SUPPOSED TO COVER THEIR ENTIRE 1519 00:49:35,899 --> 00:49:38,001 LIVING EXPENSES, AND, THEREFORE, 1520 00:49:38,001 --> 00:49:39,536 THE IMPLICATION IS THE 1521 00:49:39,536 --> 00:49:40,670 INSTITUTIONS HAVE SOME 1522 00:49:40,670 --> 00:49:41,504 RESPONSIBILITY TO DO IT TOO. 1523 00:49:41,504 --> 00:49:43,706 AND I THINK THAT'S BEEN LOST 1524 00:49:43,706 --> 00:49:45,942 KIND OF IN TRANSLATION OVER THE 1525 00:49:45,942 --> 00:49:47,377 LAST 30 YEARS. 1526 00:49:47,377 --> 00:49:50,013 MANY INSTITUTIONS ARE, SO I 1527 00:49:50,013 --> 00:49:51,414 OBVIOUSLY GIVE THEM CREDIT, BUT 1528 00:49:51,414 --> 00:49:53,683 THE IDEA THAT NIH'S STIPEND 1529 00:49:53,683 --> 00:49:54,851 SHOULD BE WHAT THE MARKET RATE 1530 00:49:54,851 --> 00:49:56,986 IS, I THINK IS PROBABLY 1531 00:49:56,986 --> 00:49:57,987 ERRONEOUS BECAUSE THAT'S NOT 1532 00:49:57,987 --> 00:49:59,589 WHAT IT'S INTENDED TO BE. 1533 00:49:59,589 --> 00:50:02,358 >> SO I THINK THE QUESTION THEN 1534 00:50:02,358 --> 00:50:04,160 IS ONE OF SOMEBODY THAT RAN A 1535 00:50:04,160 --> 00:50:05,628 GRADUATE SCHOOL, HOW DO WE GET 1536 00:50:05,628 --> 00:50:07,197 BETTER MECHANISMS ASIDE FROM 1537 00:50:07,197 --> 00:50:09,666 JUST INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS THAT WE 1538 00:50:09,666 --> 00:50:10,667 DON'T -- IS THERE ANY 1539 00:50:10,667 --> 00:50:12,302 FLEXIBILITY IN HOW WE CAN 1540 00:50:12,302 --> 00:50:13,536 SUPPLEMENT THOSE FUNDS? 1541 00:50:13,536 --> 00:50:14,871 I THINK THAT THAT'S -- 1542 00:50:14,871 --> 00:50:15,638 >> RIGHT. 1543 00:50:15,638 --> 00:50:17,907 >> THAT BECOMES A -- SOME 1544 00:50:17,907 --> 00:50:19,075 INSTITUTIONS DO A BETTER JOB AT 1545 00:50:19,075 --> 00:50:21,211 IT THAN OTHERS AND SOME HAVE 1546 00:50:21,211 --> 00:50:23,179 MORE FUNGIBLE MONEY FOR THAT 1547 00:50:23,179 --> 00:50:25,315 THAN OTHER, BUT WE DO WANT TO 1548 00:50:25,315 --> 00:50:26,483 MAKE SURE THE BEST STUDENTS ARE 1549 00:50:26,483 --> 00:50:28,117 GETTING ON THE TRAINING GRANT 1550 00:50:28,117 --> 00:50:31,187 AND NOT NOT GETTING ON BECAUSE 1551 00:50:31,187 --> 00:50:33,022 SOMEBODY DOESN'T HAVE THE 1552 00:50:33,022 --> 00:50:34,057 FUNDING TO BRING THEM UP. 1553 00:50:34,057 --> 00:50:36,259 I DON'T DISAGREE THAT WE CAN'T 1554 00:50:36,259 --> 00:50:38,294 PAY FOR EVERYTHING. 1555 00:50:38,294 --> 00:50:40,930 >> THE PROHIBITION TO USING 1556 00:50:40,930 --> 00:50:42,265 OTHER HHS FUNDS IS SOMETHING WE 1557 00:50:42,265 --> 00:50:42,932 CAN'T FIX. 1558 00:50:42,932 --> 00:50:44,667 MY UNDERSTANDING IS IT WOULD 1559 00:50:44,667 --> 00:50:45,869 TAKE CONGRESS TO FIX IT BECAUSE 1560 00:50:45,869 --> 00:50:47,704 IT'S BASED ON LAWS. 1561 00:50:47,704 --> 00:50:50,440 SO YOU KNOW, IT HAS TO BE OTHER 1562 00:50:50,440 --> 00:50:50,940 MONEY. 1563 00:50:50,940 --> 00:50:53,776 THE GOVERNMENT IS MAKING A VERY 1564 00:50:53,776 --> 00:50:57,647 SIZABLE CONTRIBUTION TO IT, AND 1565 00:50:57,647 --> 00:50:58,615 SO OTHER KINDS OF CONTRIBUTIONS 1566 00:50:58,615 --> 00:50:59,682 HAVE TO COME INTO PLAY. 1567 00:50:59,682 --> 00:51:01,918 IS IT PHILANTHROPY, IS IT 1568 00:51:01,918 --> 00:51:03,653 SOMETHING ELSE? 1569 00:51:03,653 --> 00:51:06,956 AND WE RECOGNIZE A PROBLEM THERE 1570 00:51:06,956 --> 00:51:10,393 IS THAT THAT IS HARDER FOR 1571 00:51:10,393 --> 00:51:12,762 UNDERRESOURCED INSTITUTIONS THAN 1572 00:51:12,762 --> 00:51:15,698 WRWELL RESOURCED INSTITUTIONS. 1573 00:51:15,698 --> 00:51:16,866 THAT IS A DISPARITY AND I WOULD 1574 00:51:16,866 --> 00:51:18,167 LIKE TO FIND WAYS THAT WE COULD 1575 00:51:18,167 --> 00:51:20,203 TRY TO NORMALIZE THAT DISPARITY, 1576 00:51:20,203 --> 00:51:23,506 BUT IT IS CHALLENGING. 1577 00:51:23,506 --> 00:51:23,973 ERIC NEXT. 1578 00:51:23,973 --> 00:51:25,341 >> SO I THINK SOME OF THE 1579 00:51:25,341 --> 00:51:27,343 CHALLENGES FOR US ARE SORT OF -- 1580 00:51:27,343 --> 00:51:29,012 WHEN YOU GET LABS TO BE PRETTY 1581 00:51:29,012 --> 00:51:30,213 SMALL, YOU THEN START TO RUN 1582 00:51:30,213 --> 00:51:32,282 INTO THE ISSUE OF CONTINUITY OF 1583 00:51:32,282 --> 00:51:36,319 WORK, AND SO HOW YOU CONTINUE 1584 00:51:36,319 --> 00:51:42,058 PROJECTS AND NOT HAVE TO START 1585 00:51:42,058 --> 00:51:43,426 AGAIN, MORE AND MORE FACULTY 1586 00:51:43,426 --> 00:51:45,962 HAVE ESSENTIALLY JOINED STUDENTS 1587 00:51:45,962 --> 00:51:47,697 BECAUSE YOU CAN SPLIT THE 1588 00:51:47,697 --> 00:51:48,464 STIPEND IN HALF BETWEEN LABS. 1589 00:51:48,464 --> 00:51:50,567 I'M NOT SAYING THAT'S AN IDEAL 1590 00:51:50,567 --> 00:51:52,001 SITUATION BUT WE'RE STARTING TO 1591 00:51:52,001 --> 00:51:53,536 DO NOW, BECAUSE GETTING TOO 1592 00:51:53,536 --> 00:51:54,938 SMALL HAS ITS CHALLENGES AS 1593 00:51:54,938 --> 00:51:55,505 WELL. 1594 00:51:55,505 --> 00:51:56,839 >> I AGREE, AND I THINK THIS IS 1595 00:51:56,839 --> 00:52:00,243 A CASE WHERE THINGS THAT HAVE 1596 00:52:00,243 --> 00:52:01,411 BEEN TALKED ABOUT IN THE PAST IN 1597 00:52:01,411 --> 00:52:03,146 THE SAME CONTEXT BUT NOT REALLY 1598 00:52:03,146 --> 00:52:04,747 ACTED UPON, MAYBE IT TIME TO ACT 1599 00:52:04,747 --> 00:52:08,551 UPON THEM, SO THERE WAS A LOT OF 1600 00:52:08,551 --> 00:52:10,453 EXCITEMENT 10, 15 YEARS AGO 1601 00:52:10,453 --> 00:52:12,655 ABOUT STAFF SCIENTISTS AND 1602 00:52:12,655 --> 00:52:15,491 PERMANENT LEVEL POSITIONS IN 1603 00:52:15,491 --> 00:52:15,825 LABS. 1604 00:52:15,825 --> 00:52:18,061 SO THAT'S A WAY TO MAINTAIN 1605 00:52:18,061 --> 00:52:19,829 STABILITY, RIGHT, IS TO INSTEAD 1606 00:52:19,829 --> 00:52:22,298 OF HIRING TWO POSTDOCS, THEY 1607 00:52:22,298 --> 00:52:23,566 HIRE A STAFF SCIENTIST THAT'S 1608 00:52:23,566 --> 00:52:25,435 GOING TO BE THERE LONG TERM, AND 1609 00:52:25,435 --> 00:52:26,636 THEN MAYBE HAVE TWO GRADUATE 1610 00:52:26,636 --> 00:52:27,570 STUDENTS ON TOP OF THAT OR 1611 00:52:27,570 --> 00:52:29,939 SOMETHING LIKE THAT. 1612 00:52:29,939 --> 00:52:31,407 SO THOSE KINDS OF MODELS ARE 1613 00:52:31,407 --> 00:52:33,142 PROBABLY WHAT NEEDS TO BE 1614 00:52:33,142 --> 00:52:34,143 EXPLORED. 1615 00:52:34,143 --> 00:52:38,982 WE'RE ALL TIED TO HISTORY. 1616 00:52:38,982 --> 00:52:40,316 FOR 40 YEARS, THE SYSTEM HAS 1617 00:52:40,316 --> 00:52:42,919 WORKED ON HAVING LOTS OF 1618 00:52:42,919 --> 00:52:43,553 INEXPENSIVE GRADUATE STUDENTS 1619 00:52:43,553 --> 00:52:45,722 AND I EXPENSIVE POSTDOCS WHO 1620 00:52:45,722 --> 00:52:46,956 TURN OVER RAPIDLY. 1621 00:52:46,956 --> 00:52:48,925 TO ME, IT IS OBVIOUS, IT IS TIME 1622 00:52:48,925 --> 00:52:51,060 TO GET OUT OF THAT MINDSET AND 1623 00:52:51,060 --> 00:52:53,096 TRY DIFFERENT MODELS THAT MAY BE 1624 00:52:53,096 --> 00:52:55,999 MORE EFFICIENT AND BETTER. 1625 00:52:55,999 --> 00:52:57,166 LET'S SEE. 1626 00:52:57,166 --> 00:52:59,068 AMY WAS NEXT. 1627 00:52:59,068 --> 00:53:01,104 >> TERRI TOUCHED ON MUCH OF WHAT 1628 00:53:01,104 --> 00:53:02,538 I WAS GOING TO SAY BECAUSE WE 1629 00:53:02,538 --> 00:53:04,540 RECENTLY HAD A UNIONIZATION AT 1630 00:53:04,540 --> 00:53:06,142 NORTHWESTERN AND OUR STIPENDS 1631 00:53:06,142 --> 00:53:09,245 JUST WENT UP FROM LIKE 36 TO 45, 1632 00:53:09,245 --> 00:53:10,647 AND THERE'S GREAT TREPIDATION 1633 00:53:10,647 --> 00:53:13,483 ABOUT HOW WE'RE GOING TO PAY 1634 00:53:13,483 --> 00:53:15,051 THESE PEOPLE. 1635 00:53:15,051 --> 00:53:16,786 SO THAT'S A BIG, BIG CONCERN 1636 00:53:16,786 --> 00:53:21,290 EVERYWHERE. 1637 00:53:21,290 --> 00:53:22,725 RELATED TO WHAT YOU JUST SAID, I 1638 00:53:22,725 --> 00:53:25,094 GUESS, I WAS GOING TO ASK SORT 1639 00:53:25,094 --> 00:53:26,629 OF WHAT YOUR IDEA OF A SMALL LAB 1640 00:53:26,629 --> 00:53:31,000 IS AND, YOU KNOW, WE MAY NEED TO 1641 00:53:31,000 --> 00:53:32,635 RECALIBRATE THE REVIEW SYSTEM, 1642 00:53:32,635 --> 00:53:34,303 BECAUSE WITH TWO STUDENTS AND 1643 00:53:34,303 --> 00:53:37,507 ONE SENIOR SCIENTIST, YOU'RE NOT 1644 00:53:37,507 --> 00:53:39,108 GOING TO PRODUCE THE LARGE 1645 00:53:39,108 --> 00:53:41,444 NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS THAT THE 1646 00:53:41,444 --> 00:53:45,214 REVIEW PANELS ARE DEMANDING, SO 1647 00:53:45,214 --> 00:53:47,417 HOW DO WE CHANGE THAT CULTURE? 1648 00:53:47,417 --> 00:53:50,286 AND IS YOUR IDEAL LAB SIZE TWO 1649 00:53:50,286 --> 00:53:51,487 STUDENTS AND ONE POSTDOC? 1650 00:53:51,487 --> 00:53:52,889 WHEN YOU SAID WE NEED TO GET 1651 00:53:52,889 --> 00:53:54,057 SMALLER, I'M CURIOUS. 1652 00:53:54,057 --> 00:53:55,892 BECAUSE I AGREE, SOME HUGE LABS 1653 00:53:55,892 --> 00:53:57,126 OF 40 OR 50 PEOPLE ARE 1654 00:53:57,126 --> 00:53:58,227 RIDICULOUS, BUT YOU HAVE TO HAVE 1655 00:53:58,227 --> 00:54:00,363 A CRITICAL MASS TO DO GOOD WORK 1656 00:54:00,363 --> 00:54:02,465 AND I'M CURIOUS WHERE YOUR SET 1657 00:54:02,465 --> 00:54:03,533 POINT IS FOR THAT. 1658 00:54:03,533 --> 00:54:07,437 >> IT'S AN EXCELLENT POINT. 1659 00:54:07,437 --> 00:54:08,371 IS IT FIVE? 1660 00:54:08,371 --> 00:54:10,640 IS IT SEVEN? 1661 00:54:10,640 --> 00:54:14,310 I WOULD THINK THAT OUR 1662 00:54:14,310 --> 00:54:15,445 RECALIBRATION SHOULD BE THAT 10 1663 00:54:15,445 --> 00:54:16,879 IS A BIG LAB, BUT YOU'RE RIGHT, 1664 00:54:16,879 --> 00:54:20,650 EVEN NOW, RIGHT, THERE ARE LABS 1665 00:54:20,650 --> 00:54:22,185 THAT ARE 25, 30, 40 PEOPLE. 1666 00:54:22,185 --> 00:54:23,753 AND I WOULD ALSO SAY, IF YOU 1667 00:54:23,753 --> 00:54:26,856 LOOK AT THE RECENT SCANDALS, 1668 00:54:26,856 --> 00:54:28,458 MIKE LAUER IS GOING TO COME IN 1669 00:54:28,458 --> 00:54:31,027 IN A MINUTE AND TALK ABOUT DATA 1670 00:54:31,027 --> 00:54:34,564 MANIPULATION, SCIENTIFIC MI 1671 00:54:34,564 --> 00:54:35,732 MISCONDUCT, FRAUD. 1672 00:54:35,732 --> 00:54:37,567 THIS IS NOT A QUANTITATIVE 1673 00:54:37,567 --> 00:54:38,835 STATEMENT, IT'S ANECDOTAL, BUT 1674 00:54:38,835 --> 00:54:40,536 MANY OF THOSE LABS THAT HAVE 1675 00:54:40,536 --> 00:54:42,705 BEEN RECENTLY INVOLVED IN ANY 1676 00:54:42,705 --> 00:54:44,807 SCANDALS ARE VERY BIG, RIGHT, 1677 00:54:44,807 --> 00:54:46,042 WHERE THERE PROBABLY WAS VERY 1678 00:54:46,042 --> 00:54:47,276 LITTLE OVERSIGHT OF WHAT WAS 1679 00:54:47,276 --> 00:54:49,145 GOING ON BECAUSE THERE WERE 40 1680 00:54:49,145 --> 00:54:49,812 PEOPLE IN THE LAB. 1681 00:54:49,812 --> 00:54:52,448 SO I THINK THERE ARE LOTS OF 1682 00:54:52,448 --> 00:54:53,683 OTHER REASONS TO THINK ABOUT 1683 00:54:53,683 --> 00:54:54,350 THIS TOO. 1684 00:54:54,350 --> 00:54:55,685 I CAN'T ANSWER YOUR QUESTION 1685 00:54:55,685 --> 00:54:58,087 BECAUSE IS IT FIVE, IS IT SEVEN, 1686 00:54:58,087 --> 00:54:58,454 IS IT FOUR? 1687 00:54:58,454 --> 00:55:00,089 IT'S GOING TO DEPEND ON THE 1688 00:55:00,089 --> 00:55:00,523 CONTEXT. 1689 00:55:00,523 --> 00:55:02,959 BUT AGAIN, I THINK THE ENTIRE 1690 00:55:02,959 --> 00:55:05,328 MINDSET NEEDS TO SHIFT FROM IF 1691 00:55:05,328 --> 00:55:07,563 I'M DOING GREAT, I HAVE A 1692 00:55:07,563 --> 00:55:09,565 20-PERSON LAB TO MAYBE A 1693 00:55:09,565 --> 00:55:12,735 10-PERSON LAB IS BIG. 1694 00:55:12,735 --> 00:55:14,303 LESILEE. 1695 00:55:14,303 --> 00:55:17,440 >> I JUST WANT TO SECOND WHAT 1696 00:55:17,440 --> 00:55:20,443 AMY SAID, BECAUSE SINGLE R01 OR 1697 00:55:20,443 --> 00:55:22,378 EVEN A MIRA NOW, WE'RE TALKING 1698 00:55:22,378 --> 00:55:23,246 THREE OR FOUR PEOPLE. 1699 00:55:23,246 --> 00:55:26,716 AND THE PRESSURE IS THERE AS THE 1700 00:55:26,716 --> 00:55:29,652 YOUNG FACULTY TO GROW THEIR LAB 1701 00:55:29,652 --> 00:55:31,020 AND I'VE ALWAYS HAD A SMALL LAB 1702 00:55:31,020 --> 00:55:33,723 SO I AGREE WITH YOU, SMALL LAB 1703 00:55:33,723 --> 00:55:35,558 IS BETTER, BUT NOW WITH THE 1704 00:55:35,558 --> 00:55:37,960 INCREASE IN STIPENDS IN THE U.C. 1705 00:55:37,960 --> 00:55:40,296 SYSTEM, WE'RE AT 45 TO 50,000, 1706 00:55:40,296 --> 00:55:42,465 PLUS TUITION. 1707 00:55:42,465 --> 00:55:44,600 SO, I MEAN, I CAN'T EVEN HAVE A 1708 00:55:44,600 --> 00:55:46,435 LAB OF FIVE PEOPLE ANYMORE, 1709 00:55:46,435 --> 00:55:48,571 BECAUSE WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH 1710 00:55:48,571 --> 00:55:51,440 TRAINING GRANTS, AND IT'S THE 1711 00:55:51,440 --> 00:55:52,542 RECALIBRATION OF THE REVIEW 1712 00:55:52,542 --> 00:55:54,710 SYSTEM, I THINK, BECAUSE, YEAH, 1713 00:55:54,710 --> 00:55:56,579 THE EXPECTATION IS THERE, EVEN 1714 00:55:56,579 --> 00:55:58,181 REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF 1715 00:55:58,181 --> 00:55:59,215 PUBLICATIONS, YOU KNOW, IT'S 1716 00:55:59,215 --> 00:56:01,784 LIKE, OH, WELL, THIS ISN'T 1717 00:56:01,784 --> 00:56:02,718 AMBITIOUS ENOUGH. 1718 00:56:02,718 --> 00:56:04,086 AND IT'S LIKE, WELL, I KNOW WHAT 1719 00:56:04,086 --> 00:56:06,155 I CAN DO WITH TWO GRADUATE 1720 00:56:06,155 --> 00:56:08,391 STUDENTS AND A STAFF SCIENTIST, 1721 00:56:08,391 --> 00:56:11,460 RIGHT, SO I'M TRYING TO WRITE A 1722 00:56:11,460 --> 00:56:12,662 REALISTIC GRANT, BUT THEN THE 1723 00:56:12,662 --> 00:56:13,863 REVIEWERS ARE STILL SAYING, 1724 00:56:13,863 --> 00:56:16,232 WELL, THIS IS NOT FAR REACHING 1725 00:56:16,232 --> 00:56:19,302 ENOUGH, SO WE HAVE TO 1726 00:56:19,302 --> 00:56:19,969 RECALIBRATE SOMEHOW AND I DON'T 1727 00:56:19,969 --> 00:56:20,803 KNOW HOW YOU DO THAT. 1728 00:56:20,803 --> 00:56:22,104 >> THAT'S A VERY GOOD POINT. 1729 00:56:22,104 --> 00:56:24,841 IT'S A BIT OF A CHICKEN AND EGG 1730 00:56:24,841 --> 00:56:25,107 PROBLEM. 1731 00:56:25,107 --> 00:56:26,075 OF COURSE THE REVIEWERS ARE 1732 00:56:26,075 --> 00:56:27,043 SITTING AROUND THIS TABLE AND 1733 00:56:27,043 --> 00:56:28,344 YOUR COLLEAGUES, SO HOW DO WE 1734 00:56:28,344 --> 00:56:30,146 GET EVERYONE TO SHIFT THEIR 1735 00:56:30,146 --> 00:56:30,446 MINDSET? 1736 00:56:30,446 --> 00:56:33,583 IT PROBABLY IS GOING TO BE A 1737 00:56:33,583 --> 00:56:36,085 DISRUPTIVE TIME FOR SOME YEAR, 1738 00:56:36,085 --> 00:56:39,755 FEW YEARS BEFORE THAT HAPPENS. 1739 00:56:39,755 --> 00:56:41,490 LUCY. 1740 00:56:41,490 --> 00:56:44,493 >> I HAVE A COUPLE OF POINTS TO 1741 00:56:44,493 --> 00:56:48,331 FOLLOW UP ON ERIC'S POINT ABOUT 1742 00:56:48,331 --> 00:56:49,832 ENSURING LAB CONTINUITY, 1743 00:56:49,832 --> 00:56:52,335 ESPECIALLY WITH A SMALLER LAB, 1744 00:56:52,335 --> 00:56:54,971 AND YOU MENTIONED THE WONDERFUL 1745 00:56:54,971 --> 00:56:59,308 IDEA OF HOW STAFF SI SCIENTISTS 1746 00:56:59,308 --> 00:57:00,843 WOULD FILL SUCH A ROLE TO BRING 1747 00:57:00,843 --> 00:57:02,912 IN THAT CONTINUITY IN A LAB OVER 1748 00:57:02,912 --> 00:57:04,981 LONG PERIODS OF TIME. 1749 00:57:04,981 --> 00:57:09,485 THE NCI PROGRAM THAT ALLOWS 1750 00:57:09,485 --> 00:57:11,220 STAFF SCIENTIST TO ACQUIRE 1751 00:57:11,220 --> 00:57:12,655 INDIVIDUAL FUNDING IN THEIR OWN 1752 00:57:12,655 --> 00:57:14,257 NAME TO SUPPORT THEIR POSITIONS, 1753 00:57:14,257 --> 00:57:15,858 I THINK HAS BEEN REALLY 1754 00:57:15,858 --> 00:57:19,128 SUCCESSFUL AND IS A MODEL I'M 1755 00:57:19,128 --> 00:57:23,399 WONDERING IF GM IS CONSIDERING,Y 1756 00:57:23,399 --> 00:57:27,870 WITH A ONE MODULAR, 250K MIRA, 1757 00:57:27,870 --> 00:57:29,772 WE CANNOT AFFORD TO HIRE, TO PAY 1758 00:57:29,772 --> 00:57:31,474 A STAFF SCIENTIST SALARY ON THAT 1759 00:57:31,474 --> 00:57:33,542 KIND OF BUDGET. 1760 00:57:33,542 --> 00:57:35,444 SO THAT'S ONE IDEA, AND MAYBE IF 1761 00:57:35,444 --> 00:57:37,146 YOU WANT TO RESPOND AND THEN I 1762 00:57:37,146 --> 00:57:38,714 CAN GO ON TO MY SECOND. 1763 00:57:38,714 --> 00:57:39,048 >> SURE. 1764 00:57:39,048 --> 00:57:40,716 WE'VE LOOKED AT THE NCI PROGRAM 1765 00:57:40,716 --> 00:57:41,050 A LOT. 1766 00:57:41,050 --> 00:57:43,219 IT'S A BIT MAGICAL THINKING, 1767 00:57:43,219 --> 00:57:45,087 THOUGH, BECAUSE IT'S A ZERO SUM 1768 00:57:45,087 --> 00:57:46,222 GAME MONEY WISE, RIGHT? 1769 00:57:46,222 --> 00:57:48,925 SO IF WE CREATE A BIG PROGRAM 1770 00:57:48,925 --> 00:57:51,294 WHERE STAFF SCIENTISTS APPLY FOR 1771 00:57:51,294 --> 00:57:53,329 THEIR OWN SALARIES AND THEY 1772 00:57:53,329 --> 00:57:54,497 GET -- THAT'S TAKING MONEY 1773 00:57:54,497 --> 00:57:57,733 FROM -- WE COULD BE USING TO 1774 00:57:57,733 --> 00:57:59,302 MAKE YOUR GRANT BIGGER OR PAY 1775 00:57:59,302 --> 00:57:59,735 MORE GRANTS. 1776 00:57:59,735 --> 00:58:01,003 THAT'S NOT A MAGICAL SOLUTION, 1777 00:58:01,003 --> 00:58:01,904 THAT'S NOT GOING TO SOLVE 1778 00:58:01,904 --> 00:58:02,171 ANYTHING. 1779 00:58:02,171 --> 00:58:03,839 I ALSO -- I'VE ALWAYS QUESTIONED 1780 00:58:03,839 --> 00:58:06,075 IT BECAUSE IT SEEMS LIKE ANOTHER 1781 00:58:06,075 --> 00:58:08,911 SOFT MONEY SCHEME, WHERE NOW 1782 00:58:08,911 --> 00:58:11,280 STAFF SCIENTISTS HAVE TO FIGHT 1783 00:58:11,280 --> 00:58:13,349 FOR THEIR OWN SALARIES BY 1784 00:58:13,349 --> 00:58:14,550 WRITING GRANTS, AND I'M NOT 1785 00:58:14,550 --> 00:58:15,685 TOTALLY CLEAR WHY THAT'S A 1786 00:58:15,685 --> 00:58:16,519 POSITIVE. 1787 00:58:16,519 --> 00:58:21,057 >> I GUESS MAYBE WHAT I WOULD 1788 00:58:21,057 --> 00:58:24,593 SAY, I AGREE THAT IS A 1789 00:58:24,593 --> 00:58:26,963 PERSPECTIVE OF THE STAFF 1790 00:58:26,963 --> 00:58:29,065 SCIENTIST FEELING LIKE THEY HAVE 1791 00:58:29,065 --> 00:58:31,968 TO KEEP -- NOW THEY'RE ON THE 1792 00:58:31,968 --> 00:58:36,439 GROUND TREADMILL, AS WELL, IT 1793 00:58:36,439 --> 00:58:37,807 WOULD POTENTIALLY KEEP LAB SIZES 1794 00:58:37,807 --> 00:58:38,874 SMALLER IF THAT MEANS IT'S 1795 00:58:38,874 --> 00:58:41,143 PAYING THE SALARY FOR ONE PERSON 1796 00:58:41,143 --> 00:58:42,645 INSTEAD GIVING ME MORE MONEY IN 1797 00:58:42,645 --> 00:58:44,914 MY GRANT AND THEN I COULD PAY 1798 00:58:44,914 --> 00:58:45,982 TWO STUDENTS OFF OF IT. 1799 00:58:45,982 --> 00:58:47,016 >> RIGHT. 1800 00:58:47,016 --> 00:58:47,984 ALTHOUGH I SHOULD STRESS, RIGHT 1801 00:58:47,984 --> 00:58:49,285 NOW ANYONE CAN DECIDE THEY WANT 1802 00:58:49,285 --> 00:58:51,654 TO PAY A STAFF SCIENTIST IF 1803 00:58:51,654 --> 00:58:52,788 THEY, YOU KNOW, USE THE MONEY 1804 00:58:52,788 --> 00:58:54,190 THAT WAY ON A GRANT. 1805 00:58:54,190 --> 00:58:56,058 SO THERE'S NOTHING STOPPING THEM 1806 00:58:56,058 --> 00:58:57,360 EXCEPT THE AMOUNT OF MONEY THEY 1807 00:58:57,360 --> 00:58:58,694 HAVE. 1808 00:58:58,694 --> 00:59:00,396 BUT YOU KNOW, YOUR POINTS ARE 1809 00:59:00,396 --> 00:59:01,297 ALL WELL TAKEN. 1810 00:59:01,297 --> 00:59:04,133 THERE'S A LIMITED AMOUNT OF 1811 00:59:04,133 --> 00:59:06,302 MONEY, AND IT'S A TRADEOFF 1812 00:59:06,302 --> 00:59:07,703 BETWEEN HOW MANY PEOPLE WE FUND 1813 00:59:07,703 --> 00:59:11,407 AND HOW BIG THE GRANTS ARE. 1814 00:59:11,407 --> 00:59:16,012 I WILL SAY -- YOU ASKED ABOUT A 1815 00:59:16,012 --> 00:59:17,213 PREVIOUS -- WE ARE WORKING TO 1816 00:59:17,213 --> 00:59:18,414 INCREASE THE MIRA BUDGETS. 1817 00:59:18,414 --> 00:59:19,782 IT'S NOT GOING TO BE DOUBLED. 1818 00:59:19,782 --> 00:59:20,916 THIS IS AGAIN PART OF THE 1819 00:59:20,916 --> 00:59:23,052 DISCONNECT WE HAVE WITH THE 1820 00:59:23,052 --> 00:59:24,253 COMMUNITY SOMETIMES IS, THE OLD 1821 00:59:24,253 --> 00:59:26,455 MODEL WHERE IF YOU GOT ANOTHER 1822 00:59:26,455 --> 00:59:27,790 R01 YOUR BUDGET BASICALLY 1823 00:59:27,790 --> 00:59:28,824 DOUBLED, IT'S JUST NOT ONE 1824 00:59:28,824 --> 00:59:31,060 THAT'S FEASIBLE. 1825 00:59:31,060 --> 00:59:32,728 SO WHEN WE'RE THINKING ABOUT AN 1826 00:59:32,728 --> 00:59:34,363 INCREASE, WE'RE THINKING CAN WE 1827 00:59:34,363 --> 00:59:38,801 INCREASE THE BUDGETS BY 20% OR 1828 00:59:38,801 --> 00:59:42,038 15% OR SOMETHING. 1829 00:59:42,038 --> 00:59:43,739 THAT WOULD BE SUBSTANTIAL BUT 1830 00:59:43,739 --> 00:59:45,908 IT'S NOT DOUBLING ANYONE'S 1831 00:59:45,908 --> 00:59:46,142 BUDGET. 1832 00:59:46,142 --> 00:59:47,710 SO THIS IS ANOTHER RECALIBRATION 1833 00:59:47,710 --> 00:59:48,978 THAT HAS TO HAPPEN THAT IN THE 1834 00:59:48,978 --> 00:59:50,279 FUTURE, IT'S NOT GOING TO BE THE 1835 00:59:50,279 --> 00:59:51,147 CASE THAT PEOPLE'S BUDGETS CAN 1836 00:59:51,147 --> 00:59:53,049 BE DOUBLED OVERNIGHT FROM ONE 1837 00:59:53,049 --> 00:59:53,949 ROUND TO THE NEXT. 1838 00:59:53,949 --> 00:59:56,719 IT'S GOING TO BE A MORE GRAD 1839 00:59:56,719 --> 00:59:57,887 DUAL KIND OF AN INCREASE. 1840 00:59:57,887 --> 01:00:03,292 >> I DO THINK THAT -- I'D BE 1841 01:00:03,292 --> 01:00:05,261 CURIOUS ABOUT YOUR THOUGHTS OF 1842 01:00:05,261 --> 01:00:08,364 REDUCING THE 51% EFFORT 1843 01:00:08,364 --> 01:00:10,900 REQUIREMENT, WHICH WOULD AT 1844 01:00:10,900 --> 01:00:14,570 LEAST ALLOW BASIC SCIENTISTS 1845 01:00:14,570 --> 01:00:16,772 GM-FUNDED MIRA AWARDEES MORE 1846 01:00:16,772 --> 01:00:17,740 FLEXIBILITY IN CERTAIN WAYS TO 1847 01:00:17,740 --> 01:00:18,307 TRY TO GET MONEY. 1848 01:00:18,307 --> 01:00:19,475 >> I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING WE 1849 01:00:19,475 --> 01:00:20,242 CAN CONSIDER. 1850 01:00:20,242 --> 01:00:23,112 IT WAS PUT IN PLACE INITIALLY TO 1851 01:00:23,112 --> 01:00:25,147 PREVENT PEOPLE FROM GETTING BOTH 1852 01:00:25,147 --> 01:00:28,284 THE MIRA AND, SAY, LIKE THE 1853 01:00:28,284 --> 01:00:28,951 DP2 AT THE SAME TIME. 1854 01:00:28,951 --> 01:00:31,720 THERE MAY BE OTHER WAYS FOR US 1855 01:00:31,720 --> 01:00:33,022 TO SAY YOU CAN'T HAVE THESE TWO 1856 01:00:33,022 --> 01:00:33,956 THINGS AT THE SAME TIME BUT YOU 1857 01:00:33,956 --> 01:00:36,058 CAN HAVE -- SO MAYBE WE REDUCE 1858 01:00:36,058 --> 01:00:38,594 TO 49% AND THEN THEY COULD GET A 1859 01:00:38,594 --> 01:00:41,564 PIONEER AWARD AT THE SAME TIME. 1860 01:00:41,564 --> 01:00:42,565 WE'LL CONSIDER THAT. 1861 01:00:42,565 --> 01:00:44,400 I THINK IT'S A VERY FAIR 1862 01:00:44,400 --> 01:00:44,900 QUESTION. 1863 01:00:44,900 --> 01:00:46,435 >> I HAD A SECOND QUESTION BUT I 1864 01:00:46,435 --> 01:00:49,538 CAN GET BACK IN THE CUE. 1865 01:00:49,538 --> 01:00:51,273 >> WENDY AND THEN ANGELA. 1866 01:00:51,273 --> 01:00:53,542 >> I WAS GOING TO MOVE ON TO THE 1867 01:00:53,542 --> 01:00:55,978 SECOND DISCUSSION TOPIC. 1868 01:00:55,978 --> 01:00:57,446 CAN I CLOSE THIS ONE UP FIRST? 1869 01:00:57,446 --> 01:00:59,148 >> ANGELA, DID YOU HAVE A 1870 01:00:59,148 --> 01:00:59,782 QUESTION ABOUT THIS? 1871 01:00:59,782 --> 01:01:01,183 >> I ALSO HAVE TWO QUESTIONS SO 1872 01:01:01,183 --> 01:01:03,519 I'LL TRY TO KEEP THEM 1873 01:01:03,519 --> 01:01:04,320 THEMATICALLY RELEVANT. 1874 01:01:04,320 --> 01:01:05,688 THE FIRST ONE IS ACTUALLY JUST A 1875 01:01:05,688 --> 01:01:08,791 COMMENT, WHICH IS I THINK YOU 1876 01:01:08,791 --> 01:01:10,092 ACKNOWLEDGED, JON, IT'S GOING TO 1877 01:01:10,092 --> 01:01:12,194 BE A DISRUPTIVE TIME, RIGHT, AND 1878 01:01:12,194 --> 01:01:15,097 TO JUST URGE GM TO DO THE DATA 1879 01:01:15,097 --> 01:01:16,665 ANALYSIS TO THINK ABOUT 1880 01:01:16,665 --> 01:01:18,400 DISRUPTIVE FOR WHO. 1881 01:01:18,400 --> 01:01:20,035 AND IN WHAT WAYS. 1882 01:01:20,035 --> 01:01:22,872 BECAUSE I CAN IMAGINE, IT COULD 1883 01:01:22,872 --> 01:01:24,874 BE VERY DISPROPORTIONATE. 1884 01:01:24,874 --> 01:01:26,909 AND SO TO JUST REALLY BE 1885 01:01:26,909 --> 01:01:28,410 THOUGHTFUL ABOUT THAT AND TO 1886 01:01:28,410 --> 01:01:31,814 THINK ABOUT HOW TO MAKE IT AS 1887 01:01:31,814 --> 01:01:34,049 SMOOTH AS POSSIBLE WITH YOUR 1888 01:01:34,049 --> 01:01:35,050 OVERALL LONG TERM GOALS IN MIND. 1889 01:01:35,050 --> 01:01:37,686 I JUST SEE SOME POINTS OF 1890 01:01:37,686 --> 01:01:39,288 FRAGILITY IN THE SYSTEM HOW 1891 01:01:39,288 --> 01:01:41,590 THESE THINGS WOULD LAND. 1892 01:01:41,590 --> 01:01:44,026 ESPECIALLY WITH MID-CAREER 1893 01:01:44,026 --> 01:01:45,027 FACULTY AT THE MOMENT BECAUSE 1894 01:01:45,027 --> 01:01:45,995 THEY'RE SORT OF FALLING IN 1895 01:01:45,995 --> 01:01:49,098 BETWEEN A LOT OF DIFFERENT 1896 01:01:49,098 --> 01:01:49,632 MECHANISMS. 1897 01:01:49,632 --> 01:01:51,700 SO ANYWAY, I SORT OF URGE TO 1898 01:01:51,700 --> 01:01:54,270 KEEP EYES ON THAT PART AS WE 1899 01:01:54,270 --> 01:01:57,439 TRAVERSE THE CHANGE. 1900 01:01:57,439 --> 01:02:00,876 THE SECOND QUESTION IS RELATED 1901 01:02:00,876 --> 01:02:06,315 TO THE -- BRINGING UP BOTH PH.D. 1902 01:02:06,315 --> 01:02:07,550 STUDENTS AND POSTDOCS AND THE 1903 01:02:07,550 --> 01:02:09,051 IDEA THAT LABS MIGHT GET SMALLER 1904 01:02:09,051 --> 01:02:10,819 AND THE TRAINING CAPACITY MIGHT 1905 01:02:10,819 --> 01:02:12,555 CHANGE, AND I'M WONDERING HOW GM 1906 01:02:12,555 --> 01:02:14,156 IS THINKING ABOUT TWO OTHER 1907 01:02:14,156 --> 01:02:17,426 TRAINEE POPULATIONS, AND HOW 1908 01:02:17,426 --> 01:02:19,461 THEY ALSO FULFILL THE OVERALL 1909 01:02:19,461 --> 01:02:21,363 WORKFORCE CAPACITY, WHICH IS 1910 01:02:21,363 --> 01:02:26,068 POSTBACS AND MASTERS STUDENTS. 1911 01:02:26,068 --> 01:02:27,136 BECAUSE INCREASINGLY I HEAR FROM 1912 01:02:27,136 --> 01:02:28,704 MY COLLEAGUES IN THE PRIVATE 1913 01:02:28,704 --> 01:02:29,939 SECTOR THAT THAT DEGREE OF 1914 01:02:29,939 --> 01:02:32,408 TRAINING IS ACTUALLY REALLY 1915 01:02:32,408 --> 01:02:34,843 APPROPRIATE FOR LONG TERM VERY 1916 01:02:34,843 --> 01:02:36,078 SUCCESSFUL CAREERS IN THE 1917 01:02:36,078 --> 01:02:37,846 PRIVATE SECTOR, AND SO I'M 1918 01:02:37,846 --> 01:02:39,882 CURIOUS ABOUT THAT. 1919 01:02:39,882 --> 01:02:42,751 >> EXCELLENT QUESTION. 1920 01:02:42,751 --> 01:02:46,488 SO WE TO HAVE -- PREP WHICH IS 1921 01:02:46,488 --> 01:02:47,590 POSTBAC AND WE DO HAVE BRIDGES 1922 01:02:47,590 --> 01:02:50,626 TO DOCTORATE, WHICH IS MASTERS 1923 01:02:50,626 --> 01:02:52,361 TO DOCTORATE LEVEL, SO THOSE ARE 1924 01:02:52,361 --> 01:02:53,262 SOME LEVEL THERE. 1925 01:02:53,262 --> 01:02:58,200 BUT YOUR POINT ABOUT NON-PH.D. 1926 01:02:58,200 --> 01:03:01,036 LEVEL WORKFORCE FOR THE PRIVATE 1927 01:03:01,036 --> 01:03:02,371 SECTOR, IT WOULD BE GREAT TO 1928 01:03:02,371 --> 01:03:03,606 HEAR WENDY AND RON'S THOUGHTS 1929 01:03:03,606 --> 01:03:04,974 ABOUT THIS AS WELL. 1930 01:03:04,974 --> 01:03:06,709 THIS RON. 1931 01:03:06,709 --> 01:03:07,810 IS ONE THAT WE'VE BEEN 1932 01:03:07,810 --> 01:03:09,144 DISCUSSING A LOT, AND WE MAY 1933 01:03:09,144 --> 01:03:11,747 COME TO COUNCIL WITH A CONCEPT 1934 01:03:11,747 --> 01:03:15,417 SOON TO THINK ABOUT A PROGRAM 1935 01:03:15,417 --> 01:03:17,820 THAT WOULD PROBABLY MAYBE BE AT 1936 01:03:17,820 --> 01:03:19,588 THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE LEVEL TO 1937 01:03:19,588 --> 01:03:23,292 START WITH, WOULD TRAIN PEOPLE 1938 01:03:23,292 --> 01:03:25,094 TO HAVE TECHNICIAN SORT OF LEVEL 1939 01:03:25,094 --> 01:03:26,895 JOBS IN INDUSTRY, BECAUSE AS 1940 01:03:26,895 --> 01:03:28,530 WE'VE GONE TO IDEA STATES AND 1941 01:03:28,530 --> 01:03:30,065 TALKED TO THEM ABOUT WHAT IS A 1942 01:03:30,065 --> 01:03:32,268 LIMITING FACTOR IN GETTING 1943 01:03:32,268 --> 01:03:36,171 PRIVATE SECTOR BIOTECH GOING 1944 01:03:36,171 --> 01:03:37,539 HERE, I'VE HEARD A CONSISTENT 1945 01:03:37,539 --> 01:03:40,009 STATEMENT THAT IT'S NOT 1946 01:03:40,009 --> 01:03:40,576 PH.D.s. 1947 01:03:40,576 --> 01:03:42,144 WE CAN GET PH.D.s TO COME 1948 01:03:42,144 --> 01:03:42,411 HERE. 1949 01:03:42,411 --> 01:03:44,179 YOU KNOW, I WAS IN PORTLAND, 1950 01:03:44,179 --> 01:03:44,780 MAINE. 1951 01:03:44,780 --> 01:03:46,982 I GUARANTEE YOU I CAN GET 1952 01:03:46,982 --> 01:03:48,617 PH.D.s TO GO TO PORTLAND, 1953 01:03:48,617 --> 01:03:50,019 MAINE BECAUSE IT'S REALLY NICE. 1954 01:03:50,019 --> 01:03:52,554 BUT IT'S THE PEOPLE AT THE 1955 01:03:52,554 --> 01:03:54,123 NON-PH.D. LEVEL WHO WOULD DO THE 1956 01:03:54,123 --> 01:03:58,127 LAB WORK AND WHO WOULD RUN THE 1957 01:03:58,127 --> 01:03:59,161 REACTORS AND WORK IN THE PLANTS, 1958 01:03:59,161 --> 01:03:59,495 ET CETERA. 1959 01:03:59,495 --> 01:04:01,030 SO THAT'S WHY WE'RE THINKING 1960 01:04:01,030 --> 01:04:02,498 COULD WE CREATE A PROGRAM TO DO 1961 01:04:02,498 --> 01:04:04,933 EXACTLY WHAT YOU'RE SAYING. 1962 01:04:04,933 --> 01:04:07,169 SO STAY TUNED, I THINK, 1963 01:04:07,169 --> 01:04:11,273 EXCELLENT POINT. 1964 01:04:11,273 --> 01:04:12,474 GO AHEAD. 1965 01:04:12,474 --> 01:04:13,776 JUMP IN AND THEN WE'LL GO TO 1966 01:04:13,776 --> 01:04:16,612 WENDY. 1967 01:04:16,612 --> 01:04:18,747 >> AND JUST AS AN EXAMPLE OF 1968 01:04:18,747 --> 01:04:23,385 THAT, RIGHT NOW WE HAVE ONE, CAL 1969 01:04:23,385 --> 01:04:24,753 STATE L.A., AND SOME OF THE 1970 01:04:24,753 --> 01:04:28,557 OTHER NEIGHBORING INSTITUTIONS 1971 01:04:28,557 --> 01:04:32,561 INCLUDING KECK HAVE LAUNCHED 1972 01:04:32,561 --> 01:04:34,530 PROGRAMS -- SO L.A. COUNTY HAS 1973 01:04:34,530 --> 01:04:36,031 HAD THIS PUSH FOR SEVERAL YEARS 1974 01:04:36,031 --> 01:04:38,500 OF TRYING TO INCREASE THEIR 1975 01:04:38,500 --> 01:04:41,236 PRESENCE IN THE BIO INDUSTRY, 1976 01:04:41,236 --> 01:04:44,340 AND KIND OF AS PART OF THAT, 1977 01:04:44,340 --> 01:04:46,942 GOTTEN A LOT OF FEEDBACK FROM 1978 01:04:46,942 --> 01:04:49,111 INDUSTRY. 1979 01:04:49,111 --> 01:04:50,079 INCLUDING YOUR FORMER 1980 01:04:50,079 --> 01:04:52,881 INSTITUTION. 1981 01:04:52,881 --> 01:04:55,217 AND IT HITS EXACTLY THE COMMENTS 1982 01:04:55,217 --> 01:04:57,119 THAT YOU MADE, AND IN RESPONSE 1983 01:04:57,119 --> 01:04:59,588 TO THAT, CAL STATE L.A. 1984 01:04:59,588 --> 01:05:01,357 SPECIFICALLY, THEIR PROGRAM 1985 01:05:01,357 --> 01:05:02,291 LAUNCHED, I THINK IT'S A LITTLE 1986 01:05:02,291 --> 01:05:06,562 OVER A YEAR AGO, WHERE THEY -- 1987 01:05:06,562 --> 01:05:10,165 WITH PRIVATE FUNDS COMING IN TO 1988 01:05:10,165 --> 01:05:13,135 ACTUALLY TRAIN TECHNICIANS, ET 1989 01:05:13,135 --> 01:05:14,903 CETERA, FOR SPECIFIC TASKS 1990 01:05:14,903 --> 01:05:18,140 WITHIN THE INDUSTRY, IN THIS 1991 01:05:18,140 --> 01:05:18,941 CASE, PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY, 1992 01:05:18,941 --> 01:05:22,277 MANY WHO ARE NOW PRESENT OR HAVE 1993 01:05:22,277 --> 01:05:25,781 LOCATED OR EXPANDED INTO 1994 01:05:25,781 --> 01:05:28,083 LOS ANGELES COUNTY, AND SO YEAH, 1995 01:05:28,083 --> 01:05:31,120 IT'S EXACTLY AS YOU SAY, THAT'S 1996 01:05:31,120 --> 01:05:32,855 BEEN THE INTEREST. 1997 01:05:32,855 --> 01:05:34,823 AMGEN IS ANOTHER ONE THAT HAS 1998 01:05:34,823 --> 01:05:36,358 ALSO BEEN KIND OF AT THE 1999 01:05:36,358 --> 01:05:36,859 FOREFRONT OF THAT. 2000 01:05:36,859 --> 01:05:39,128 SO THERE'S A BIG PUSH FOR THAT. 2001 01:05:39,128 --> 01:05:41,897 AT LESION LEAST FOR L.A. COUNTY. 2002 01:05:41,897 --> 01:05:43,232 I CAN'T SPEAK FOR SOME OF THE 2003 01:05:43,232 --> 01:05:44,299 OTHER PLACES. 2004 01:05:44,299 --> 01:05:46,001 >> I AGREE, IT'S A GREAT IDEA 2005 01:05:46,001 --> 01:05:47,503 BECAUSE IT'S A CATCH 22, YOU 2006 01:05:47,503 --> 01:05:48,704 CAN'T GET A JOB UNLESS YOU HAVE 2007 01:05:48,704 --> 01:05:49,938 THE TRAINING, YOU CAN'T GET THE 2008 01:05:49,938 --> 01:05:51,039 TRAINING UNLESS YOU HAVE A JOB, 2009 01:05:51,039 --> 01:05:52,408 SO WHAT DO YOU DO? 2010 01:05:52,408 --> 01:05:54,610 AND THERE ARE COMPANIES NOW THAT 2011 01:05:54,610 --> 01:05:56,211 HAVE WONDERFUL INTERNSHIPS AND 2012 01:05:56,211 --> 01:05:58,981 FUNDED BUT SO COMPETITIVE. 2013 01:05:58,981 --> 01:06:01,316 IT'S SORT OF ALL WHO YOU'RE 2014 01:06:01,316 --> 01:06:02,551 CONNECTED TO GET THOSE ROLES, SO 2015 01:06:02,551 --> 01:06:06,422 I THINK WHAT YOU SUGGEST IS 2016 01:06:06,422 --> 01:06:06,688 TERRIFIC. 2017 01:06:06,688 --> 01:06:07,055 >> EXCELLENT. 2018 01:06:07,055 --> 01:06:08,424 WE'LL BRING A CONCEPT TO YOU IN 2019 01:06:08,424 --> 01:06:09,691 THE COMING COUPLE ROUNDS, I 2020 01:06:09,691 --> 01:06:11,427 HOPE. 2021 01:06:11,427 --> 01:06:12,127 GO AHEAD. 2022 01:06:12,127 --> 01:06:13,929 >> I WOULD JUST SAY TO SORT OF 2023 01:06:13,929 --> 01:06:15,063 TRY TO BRING IT BACK TO SOME OF 2024 01:06:15,063 --> 01:06:18,000 THE QUESTIONS ABOUT WHAT IT 2025 01:06:18,000 --> 01:06:20,602 LOOKS LIKE DAY TO DAY IN A 2026 01:06:20,602 --> 01:06:22,671 SMALLER GM-FUNDED LAB TO THEN 2027 01:06:22,671 --> 01:06:26,809 THINK ABOUT HOW MIGHT FACULTY, 2028 01:06:26,809 --> 01:06:28,310 WE'RE RUNNING BASIC RESEARCH 2029 01:06:28,310 --> 01:06:29,344 PROGRAM, THINKING ABOUT HOW THE 2030 01:06:29,344 --> 01:06:31,313 ROLE OF POSTBACS ARE MASTER 2031 01:06:31,313 --> 01:06:32,414 STUDENTS IN THEIR LABS IN THE 2032 01:06:32,414 --> 01:06:34,917 CONTEXT OF THEIR RESEARCH 2033 01:06:34,917 --> 01:06:36,518 PROGRAM, BUT THAT ALSO IS A GOOD 2034 01:06:36,518 --> 01:06:37,319 TRAINING EXPERIENCE FOR FOLKS 2035 01:06:37,319 --> 01:06:38,520 THAT ARE GOING ON TO NEXT KINDS 2036 01:06:38,520 --> 01:06:39,955 OF CAREERS. 2037 01:06:39,955 --> 01:06:41,690 SO INDUSTRY INTERNSHIPS MIGHT BE 2038 01:06:41,690 --> 01:06:42,958 ONE PART OF THAT, BUT IT ALSO 2039 01:06:42,958 --> 01:06:45,227 MIGHT BE HOW FACULTY IDENTIFY 2040 01:06:45,227 --> 01:06:48,530 PEOPLE AND HOW THEY THINK ABOUT 2041 01:06:48,530 --> 01:06:49,398 INTEGRATING THEM INTO THEIR 2042 01:06:49,398 --> 01:06:51,200 RESEARCH PROGRAM IN A PRODUCTIVE 2043 01:06:51,200 --> 01:06:52,601 KIND OF WAY FOR THAT TIME FRAME 2044 01:06:52,601 --> 01:06:54,136 AND THAT KIND OF CAREER GOAL, SO 2045 01:06:54,136 --> 01:06:55,971 THERE MAY BE SOME REORIENTATION 2046 01:06:55,971 --> 01:06:59,708 OF FACULTY AROUND THAT CAPACITY 2047 01:06:59,708 --> 01:07:00,309 TOO. 2048 01:07:00,309 --> 01:07:01,076 >> THAT'S A GOOD POINT. 2049 01:07:01,076 --> 01:07:02,211 WENDY, YOU HAD SOME OTHER THINGS 2050 01:07:02,211 --> 01:07:02,511 TO SAY. 2051 01:07:02,511 --> 01:07:04,913 >> THE SECOND POINT, 2052 01:07:04,913 --> 01:07:07,082 TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE NOT 2053 01:07:07,082 --> 01:07:08,484 CURRENTLY AVAILABLE AT 2054 01:07:08,484 --> 01:07:09,618 REGIONAL -- SO I'D CLICK ON THE 2055 01:07:09,618 --> 01:07:14,523 LINK TO SEE WHAT WAS AVAILABLE, 2056 01:07:14,523 --> 01:07:17,025 AND TWO IDEAS FROM MISSING 2057 01:07:17,025 --> 01:07:19,061 TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE NOT YET 2058 01:07:19,061 --> 01:07:19,394 FUNDED. 2059 01:07:19,394 --> 01:07:22,531 SO IN DRUG TI DISCOVERY WHEN YOU 2060 01:07:22,531 --> 01:07:23,799 MAKE NEW MEDICINES, IT'S WHAT 2061 01:07:23,799 --> 01:07:27,302 I'VE DONE FOR 30 YEARS, THE MOST 2062 01:07:27,302 --> 01:07:28,837 EXPENSIVE PART AND THE MOST 2063 01:07:28,837 --> 01:07:29,838 TIME-CONSUMING PART IS THE 2064 01:07:29,838 --> 01:07:30,973 SYNTHESIS PART. 2065 01:07:30,973 --> 01:07:32,007 MAKING THE MOLECULE. 2066 01:07:32,007 --> 01:07:33,575 YOU CAN TEST IT QUICKLY, OFTEN, 2067 01:07:33,575 --> 01:07:35,944 BUT THEN YOU HAVE TO REITERATE, 2068 01:07:35,944 --> 01:07:36,778 REITERATE. 2069 01:07:36,778 --> 01:07:38,247 SO TWO TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE NOT 2070 01:07:38,247 --> 01:07:44,720 YET FUNDED, ONE IS A BIGGY, IS 2071 01:07:44,720 --> 01:07:45,153 LATE-STAGE CHEMISTRY 2072 01:07:45,153 --> 01:07:45,787 FUNCTIONALLIZATION, BECAUSE THE 2073 01:07:45,787 --> 01:07:46,989 REASON YOU TAKE SO LONG IS YOU 2074 01:07:46,989 --> 01:07:49,458 OFTEN HAVE TO GO BACK TO THE 2075 01:07:49,458 --> 01:07:50,526 BEGINNING OF THE SYNTHESIS, YOU 2076 01:07:50,526 --> 01:07:51,593 CAN'T JUST TURN WHAT YOU GOT 2077 01:07:51,593 --> 01:07:52,761 INTO WHAT YOU WANT NEXT. 2078 01:07:52,761 --> 01:07:54,496 IT'S REALLY TOUGH AND IT'S 2079 01:07:54,496 --> 01:07:54,963 TRICKY. 2080 01:07:54,963 --> 01:07:57,733 BUT IF WE MADE PROGRESS THERE, 2081 01:07:57,733 --> 01:07:59,201 WE'D SAVE SO MUCH MONEY MAKING 2082 01:07:59,201 --> 01:08:01,904 NEW MEDICINES. 2083 01:08:01,904 --> 01:08:03,138 SO YOU'D HAVE TO THINK A BIT 2084 01:08:03,138 --> 01:08:06,675 MORE WHAT THAT WOULD LOOK LIKE 2085 01:08:06,675 --> 01:08:08,277 IN A CENTER, BUT I CAN THINK OF 2086 01:08:08,277 --> 01:08:09,011 IDEAS. 2087 01:08:09,011 --> 01:08:13,482 THTHE SECOND ONE THAT IS NOT YET 2088 01:08:13,482 --> 01:08:14,716 FUNDED, AND THERE ARE OPEN 2089 01:08:14,716 --> 01:08:16,885 SOURCE ONLINE BUT I JUST THINK A 2090 01:08:16,885 --> 01:08:18,020 MORE ORGANIZED GROUP COULD DO IT 2091 01:08:18,020 --> 01:08:19,988 BETTER, IS RETRO SYNTHETIC 2092 01:08:19,988 --> 01:08:20,455 SYNTHESIS. 2093 01:08:20,455 --> 01:08:22,357 SO WHEN A STUDENT WANTS TO MAKE 2094 01:08:22,357 --> 01:08:24,293 SOMETHING, YOU USUALLY GO INTO 2095 01:08:24,293 --> 01:08:25,527 YOUR OWN TOOLBOX OF TRICKS AND 2096 01:08:25,527 --> 01:08:27,129 YOU MAY NOT COME UP WITH THE 2097 01:08:27,129 --> 01:08:27,529 RIGHT SEQUENCE. 2098 01:08:27,529 --> 01:08:28,897 THERE ARE PROGRAMS NOW THAT 2099 01:08:28,897 --> 01:08:33,869 SAID, HEY, MACHINE LEARNING, 2100 01:08:33,869 --> 01:08:35,103 THAT WILL GIVE YOU THROW ROUTES 2101 01:08:35,103 --> 01:08:37,406 THAT ARE MORE EE SISHT. 2102 01:08:37,406 --> 01:08:40,909 IF THAT WAS AVAILABLE THROUGH 2103 01:08:40,909 --> 01:08:41,877 NIGMS, A LOT OF PEOPLE WOULD TAP 2104 01:08:41,877 --> 01:08:42,644 INTO IT. 2105 01:08:42,644 --> 01:08:44,346 >> WOW, THOSE ARE BOTH 2106 01:08:44,346 --> 01:08:47,049 FASCINATING IDEAS. 2107 01:08:47,049 --> 01:08:50,552 ONE IDEA WI WE'VE TALKED ABOUT 2108 01:08:50,552 --> 01:08:51,520 BEFORE RELATED TO WHAT YOU'RE 2109 01:08:51,520 --> 01:08:52,487 SAYING, OR MAYBE IT'S THE SAME 2110 01:08:52,487 --> 01:08:53,989 AS WHAT YOU'RE SAYING IS, YOU 2111 01:08:53,989 --> 01:08:56,425 KNOW, WE FUND ORGANIC CHEMISTS 2112 01:08:56,425 --> 01:09:00,362 TO DEVELOP NEW METHODOLOGIES, 2113 01:09:00,362 --> 01:09:01,964 AND MY UNDERSTANDING IS THOSE 2114 01:09:01,964 --> 01:09:03,532 OFTEN WORK IN THEIR SPECIFIC 2115 01:09:03,532 --> 01:09:04,600 CONTEXTS, IN THEIR LAB, BUT 2116 01:09:04,600 --> 01:09:06,134 THEY'RE KIND OF BOUTIQUE AT THAT 2117 01:09:06,134 --> 01:09:09,438 STAGE, SO IF YOU NOW WANT TO USE 2118 01:09:09,438 --> 01:09:11,373 A DIFFERENT MOLECULE OR SCALE IT 2119 01:09:11,373 --> 01:09:13,809 UP, IT DOESN'T WORK AND IT TAKES 2120 01:09:13,809 --> 01:09:15,744 A LOT OF EFFORT TO GET IT THERE. 2121 01:09:15,744 --> 01:09:18,213 SO WE HAVE THE BIOMEDICAL 2122 01:09:18,213 --> 01:09:19,581 TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION AND 2123 01:09:19,581 --> 01:09:21,950 DISSEMINATION CENTER, IT'S THE 2124 01:09:21,950 --> 01:09:22,985 BTODs, AND IT SEEMED LIKE THAT 2125 01:09:22,985 --> 01:09:28,423 WOULD BE A GREAT BS BTOD, OF TAG 2126 01:09:28,423 --> 01:09:30,759 HIGH VALUE BUT STILL BOUTIQUE 2127 01:09:30,759 --> 01:09:32,761 CHEMICAL SYNTHETIC STEPS AND 2128 01:09:32,761 --> 01:09:33,662 HARDENING THEM TO THE POINT THAT 2129 01:09:33,662 --> 01:09:35,764 THEY COULD BE USED AT AN 2130 01:09:35,764 --> 01:09:36,231 INDUSTRIAL SCALE. 2131 01:09:36,231 --> 01:09:37,833 IS THAT SIMILAR TO WHAT YOU'RE 2132 01:09:37,833 --> 01:09:38,066 SAYING? 2133 01:09:38,066 --> 01:09:38,934 >> YOU'RE DEAD ON. 2134 01:09:38,934 --> 01:09:41,770 THAT'S ALONG THE LINES, THAT 2135 01:09:41,770 --> 01:09:42,771 WOULD BE TERRIFIC. 2136 01:09:42,771 --> 01:09:45,774 AND THEN I'M SUGGESTING EVEN 2137 01:09:45,774 --> 01:09:50,078 EXTENDING TO JUST MORE RESOURCES 2138 01:09:50,078 --> 01:09:52,180 THAT WOULD OPEN UP INNOVATION TO 2139 01:09:52,180 --> 01:09:56,451 GET CHEMISTRY DONE ON MORE 2140 01:09:56,451 --> 01:09:57,119 ADVANCED COMPOUNDS. 2141 01:09:57,119 --> 01:09:58,186 BECAUSE WHAT HAPPENS IS WHEN YOU 2142 01:09:58,186 --> 01:09:59,488 HAVE A SYNTHETIC MOLECULE AND 2143 01:09:59,488 --> 01:10:00,856 YOU WANT TO DO SOMETHING NEW TO 2144 01:10:00,856 --> 01:10:03,125 IT, YOU SCREW UP -- YOU KNOW, 2145 01:10:03,125 --> 01:10:04,159 MESS UP LOTS OF THE OTHER 2146 01:10:04,159 --> 01:10:05,527 PIECES, SO YOU HAVE TO BACK UP, 2147 01:10:05,527 --> 01:10:08,163 PUT ON NEW PROTECTING GROUPS. 2148 01:10:08,163 --> 01:10:10,298 SO IT'S TRICKY BUSINESS, BUT 2149 01:10:10,298 --> 01:10:11,600 INNOVATION THERE WOULD REALLY 2150 01:10:11,600 --> 01:10:13,635 MOVE THE BOUNDARIES FORWARD. 2151 01:10:13,635 --> 01:10:13,969 >> ALL RIGHT. 2152 01:10:13,969 --> 01:10:15,470 THOSE ARE VERY GOOD IDEAS. 2153 01:10:15,470 --> 01:10:19,374 INTERESTING IDEAS. 2154 01:10:19,374 --> 01:10:20,609 AND OF COURSE ANY ENCOURAGEMENT 2155 01:10:20,609 --> 01:10:23,378 ONE COULD HAVE OF COLLEAGUES TO 2156 01:10:23,378 --> 01:10:25,814 APPLY TO US, BECAUSE WE CAN'T 2157 01:10:25,814 --> 01:10:27,883 FUND WHAT DOESN'T COME IN FOR AN 2158 01:10:27,883 --> 01:10:30,385 APPLICATION. 2159 01:10:30,385 --> 01:10:31,687 SO THAT'S MAYBE ONE OF THE NEXT 2160 01:10:31,687 --> 01:10:33,355 STEPS WE CAN USE HELP WITH, IS 2161 01:10:33,355 --> 01:10:34,423 ENCOURAGING PEOPLE TO ACTUALLY 2162 01:10:34,423 --> 01:10:35,390 APPLY FOR THESE, BECAUSE IT 2163 01:10:35,390 --> 01:10:39,795 SOUNDS LIKE A GREAT IDEA. 2164 01:10:39,795 --> 01:10:40,996 LUCY. 2165 01:10:40,996 --> 01:10:44,900 >> CAN I JUST CIRCLE BACK TO THE 2166 01:10:44,900 --> 01:10:46,268 NRSA STIPENDS AND THE QUESTION 2167 01:10:46,268 --> 01:10:48,737 THAT YOU POSED, WE HAVEN'T 2168 01:10:48,737 --> 01:10:50,038 REALLY TALKED ABOUT -- WE'VE 2169 01:10:50,038 --> 01:10:51,239 TALKED A LOT ABOUT HOW 2170 01:10:51,239 --> 01:10:52,107 RESEARCHERS MIGHT BE APPROACHING 2171 01:10:52,107 --> 01:10:54,309 IT BUT NOT ABOUT HOW 2172 01:10:54,309 --> 01:10:56,411 INSTITUTIONS MIGHT BE 2173 01:10:56,411 --> 01:10:58,580 APPROACHING THESE INCREASES. 2174 01:10:58,580 --> 01:11:01,683 YOU MENTIONED THE NEED FOR 2175 01:11:01,683 --> 01:11:03,485 INSTITUTIONS TO STEP UP TO 2176 01:11:03,485 --> 01:11:05,353 BRIDGE A GAP BETWEEN NRSA 2177 01:11:05,353 --> 01:11:08,924 FUNDING AND, SAY, NEW HIGHER 2178 01:11:08,924 --> 01:11:11,626 SALARIES LIKE WHAT LESILEE WAS 2179 01:11:11,626 --> 01:11:14,763 TALKING ABOUT AT NORTHWESTERN. 2180 01:11:14,763 --> 01:11:16,932 IS THERE A WAY TO INCENTIVIZE, 2181 01:11:16,932 --> 01:11:18,266 MAYBE I CAN ASK EVERYONE HERE, 2182 01:11:18,266 --> 01:11:22,404 IF THERE'S A WAY TO INCENTIVIZE 2183 01:11:22,404 --> 01:11:23,672 INSTITUTIONS TO DO THIS? 2184 01:11:23,672 --> 01:11:26,208 RIGHT NOW I KNOW MY DEPARTMENT 2185 01:11:26,208 --> 01:11:27,309 WILL -- IF A FACULTY DOESN'T 2186 01:11:27,309 --> 01:11:30,746 HAVE FUNDS TO TOP OFF AN NRSA 2187 01:11:30,746 --> 01:11:32,147 STIPEND, THE DEPARTMENT WILL 2188 01:11:32,147 --> 01:11:33,648 COVER FUNDS, WILL GIVE FUNDS TO 2189 01:11:33,648 --> 01:11:34,916 THAT FACULTY TO COVER THAT, 2190 01:11:34,916 --> 01:11:36,318 WHICH IS WONDERFUL. 2191 01:11:36,318 --> 01:11:38,653 BUT I KNOW THAT IN OTHER 2192 01:11:38,653 --> 01:11:40,455 DEPARTMENTS AT MY INSTITUTION, 2193 01:11:40,455 --> 01:11:41,790 TRAINEES ARE ACTIVELY 2194 01:11:41,790 --> 01:11:45,460 DISCOURAGED FROM APPLYING BY THE 2195 01:11:45,460 --> 01:11:46,828 DEPARTMENTS BECAUSE THERE ISN'T 2196 01:11:46,828 --> 01:11:51,233 A MEANS TO DO THAT. 2197 01:11:51,233 --> 01:11:52,834 SO HOW COULD WE INCENTIVIZE 2198 01:11:52,834 --> 01:11:56,972 THAT? 2199 01:11:56,972 --> 01:11:59,407 >> YOU'RE ALL THE SMART PEOPLE. 2200 01:11:59,407 --> 01:12:02,077 WHAT DO YOU THINK, TERRI? 2201 01:12:02,077 --> 01:12:05,747 >> SO I DO THINK IT IS 2202 01:12:05,747 --> 01:12:06,548 INSTITUTION-DEPENDENT, BUT IF I 2203 01:12:06,548 --> 01:12:10,352 THINK OF -- THERE IS A HUGE -- I 2204 01:12:10,352 --> 01:12:11,553 GUESS FOR ME, WHAT I'VE ALWAYS 2205 01:12:11,553 --> 01:12:14,756 NOWT ABTHOUGHT ABOUT FOR THE TRG 2206 01:12:14,756 --> 01:12:16,224 GRANTS IS OUR CHALLENGE IS IT 2207 01:12:16,224 --> 01:12:17,259 WAS ALWAYS THE FACULTY THAT RAN 2208 01:12:17,259 --> 01:12:18,693 THEM THAT GOT NO CREDIT FOR 2209 01:12:18,693 --> 01:12:20,128 DOING IT, SO THERE WAS A LONG 2210 01:12:20,128 --> 01:12:21,263 TIME WHERE FOUGHT A BATTLE TO 2211 01:12:21,263 --> 01:12:22,831 MAKE SURE THAT WE WERE 2212 01:12:22,831 --> 01:12:24,699 INCENTIVIZING PEOPLE TO APPLY. 2213 01:12:24,699 --> 01:12:27,002 AS SOMEBODY THAT WAS ON A 2214 01:12:27,002 --> 01:12:28,303 TRAINING GRANT AS GRADUATE 2215 01:12:28,303 --> 01:12:30,305 STUDENT, I STILL CONSIDER THAT A 2216 01:12:30,305 --> 01:12:30,939 TRANSFORMATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN 2217 01:12:30,939 --> 01:12:31,706 MY CAREER. 2218 01:12:31,706 --> 01:12:33,608 AND THE EXTRA ATTENTION THAT I 2219 01:12:33,608 --> 01:12:34,876 GOT AND MEETING WITH THE PANEL, 2220 01:12:34,876 --> 01:12:37,245 IT WAS THE METABOLISM TRAINING 2221 01:12:37,245 --> 01:12:38,113 GRANT AT CASE WESTERN 2222 01:12:38,113 --> 01:12:38,413 UNIVERSITY. 2223 01:12:38,413 --> 01:12:39,347 I DON'T KNOW IF IT'S STILL 2224 01:12:39,347 --> 01:12:40,849 THERE, IT MIGHT BE. 2225 01:12:40,849 --> 01:12:42,517 IT HAD BEEN THERE LIKE 50 YEARS 2226 01:12:42,517 --> 01:12:43,718 BEFORE I GOT THERE. 2227 01:12:43,718 --> 01:12:45,120 THE INCENTIVE IS IT DOES GIVE 2228 01:12:45,120 --> 01:12:46,822 YOU EXTRA RESOURCES SO THESE 2229 01:12:46,822 --> 01:12:48,089 STUDENTS DO HAVE A REALLY 2230 01:12:48,089 --> 01:12:48,824 EXCEPTIONAL THING. 2231 01:12:48,824 --> 01:12:50,725 YOU KNOW, ONE DISRUPTIVE THING, 2232 01:12:50,725 --> 01:12:51,860 REMEMBER THE TALK ABOUT FUNDING 2233 01:12:51,860 --> 01:12:54,229 THE STUDENTS DIRECTLY, MORE LIKE 2234 01:12:54,229 --> 01:12:57,165 NSF, AND NOT FUNDING THEM ON NIH 2235 01:12:57,165 --> 01:12:57,966 GRANTS? 2236 01:12:57,966 --> 01:12:59,301 THAT WOULD EVEN THE PLAYING 2237 01:12:59,301 --> 01:13:00,535 FIELD AND EVERYONE WOULD HAVE TO 2238 01:13:00,535 --> 01:13:02,804 FIGURE IT OUT. 2239 01:13:02,804 --> 01:13:04,072 I THINK -- I STILL THINK GETTING 2240 01:13:04,072 --> 01:13:05,707 THE TRAINING GRANT IS CONSIDERED 2241 01:13:05,707 --> 01:13:07,242 AN INCENTIVE, AND ONE OF THE 2242 01:13:07,242 --> 01:13:09,211 REASONS IT'S AN INCENTIVE FROM 2243 01:13:09,211 --> 01:13:10,278 AN ADMINISTRATIVE POSITION IS 2244 01:13:10,278 --> 01:13:12,214 THAT YOU GET SOME OF THAT 2245 01:13:12,214 --> 01:13:13,048 TUITION BACK. 2246 01:13:13,048 --> 01:13:15,016 SO WHAT INSTITUTIONS CHOOSE TO 2247 01:13:15,016 --> 01:13:17,018 DO WITH TUITION VARIES BASED ON 2248 01:13:17,018 --> 01:13:18,954 THAT, BUT IT DOES COME IN AS 2249 01:13:18,954 --> 01:13:19,921 FUNDING THAT HAS OTHER WAYS. 2250 01:13:19,921 --> 01:13:22,557 AND I THINK PEOPLE JUST HAVE TO 2251 01:13:22,557 --> 01:13:24,326 START TO THINK CREATIVELY WITHIN 2252 01:13:24,326 --> 01:13:24,826 THEIR INSTITUTIONS. 2253 01:13:24,826 --> 01:13:25,994 I DON'T THINK THERE'S ONE 2254 01:13:25,994 --> 01:13:27,395 EXAMPLE BUT I DO THINK THAT IS 2255 01:13:27,395 --> 01:13:28,797 ONE AREA WHERE THAT IS REALLY A 2256 01:13:28,797 --> 01:13:33,168 BIG INCENTIVE TO THE UN INSTITUN 2257 01:13:33,168 --> 01:13:35,103 TO COLLECT THAT TUITION MONEY. 2258 01:13:35,103 --> 01:13:36,671 SOME INSTITUTIONS MAY HAVE 2259 01:13:36,671 --> 01:13:37,672 DIFFERENT RULES BUT FOR THE 2260 01:13:37,672 --> 01:13:38,673 MAJORITY, I THINK THEY DO 2261 01:13:38,673 --> 01:13:39,941 CONSIDER THAT ONE OF THE BIG 2262 01:13:39,941 --> 01:13:40,842 INCENTIVES. 2263 01:13:40,842 --> 01:13:41,743 SO THAT'S THE WAY I WOULD LOOK 2264 01:13:41,743 --> 01:13:42,510 AT IT. 2265 01:13:42,510 --> 01:13:43,144 >> ERIC. 2266 01:13:43,144 --> 01:13:44,946 >> BRIEFLY, THE ONE THING ABOUT 2267 01:13:44,946 --> 01:13:46,381 TRAINING GRANTS WHEN I WAS A 2268 01:13:46,381 --> 01:13:48,350 TRAINING GRANT DIRECTOR WAS THAT 2269 01:13:48,350 --> 01:13:50,218 A SMALL GRANT COULD IMPACT AN 2270 01:13:50,218 --> 01:13:51,219 ENTIRE INSTITUTION, BECAUSE YOU 2271 01:13:51,219 --> 01:13:53,321 HAVE TO CREATE THE POLICIES TO 2272 01:13:53,321 --> 01:13:55,624 IMPACT A LOT OF STUDENTS. 2273 01:13:55,624 --> 01:13:59,327 AND SO SO LOWERING -- IF YOU'VE 2274 01:13:59,327 --> 01:14:00,962 DISCOURAGED HAVING PEOPLE ON 2275 01:14:00,962 --> 01:14:02,030 TRAINING GRANTS, YOU'RE PROBABLY 2276 01:14:02,030 --> 01:14:04,566 THEN HAVING LESS A SORT OF 2277 01:14:04,566 --> 01:14:07,269 POLICIES IN PLACE THAT HELP 2278 01:14:07,269 --> 01:14:08,470 STUDENTS MANAGE THEIR CAREERS, 2279 01:14:08,470 --> 01:14:09,604 SO I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING WE 2280 01:14:09,604 --> 01:14:13,508 HAVE TO THINK ABOUT IT. 2281 01:14:13,508 --> 01:14:15,877 >> UNIVERSITIES DO HAVE VARIOUS 2282 01:14:15,877 --> 01:14:17,112 PIVOT POINTS THEY COULD USE, 2283 01:14:17,112 --> 01:14:17,879 RIGHT? 2284 01:14:17,879 --> 01:14:20,382 TUITION, YOU MENTIONED IS ONE OF 2285 01:14:20,382 --> 01:14:20,882 THEM. 2286 01:14:20,882 --> 01:14:23,385 NOT EVERY INSTITUTION CHARGES 2287 01:14:23,385 --> 01:14:24,452 TUITION FOR STUDENTS ONCE THEY 2288 01:14:24,452 --> 01:14:27,355 GET ON GRANTS, RIGHT? 2289 01:14:27,355 --> 01:14:28,623 ON RESEARCH GRANTS, BUT IT 2290 01:14:28,623 --> 01:14:29,858 SOUNDS LIKE SOME DO. 2291 01:14:29,858 --> 01:14:31,893 SO THAT'S A POINT WHERE THEY 2292 01:14:31,893 --> 01:14:32,894 COULD MAKE A DECISION THAT ONLY 2293 01:14:32,894 --> 01:14:35,297 IN THE FIRST TWO YEARS BEFORE 2294 01:14:35,297 --> 01:14:38,133 CANDIDACY DO THEY CHARGE TUITION 2295 01:14:38,133 --> 01:14:39,567 AND THEN ONCE YOU'RE BEYOND 2296 01:14:39,567 --> 01:14:40,235 THAT, THEY DON'T. 2297 01:14:40,235 --> 01:14:44,272 THAT WOULD HELP YOU AS FACULTY. 2298 01:14:44,272 --> 01:14:45,807 THE OTHER THAT I'VE BEEN ON A 2299 01:14:45,807 --> 01:14:47,375 SOAP BOX ABOUT FOR YEARS IS 2300 01:14:47,375 --> 01:14:48,910 SALARY SUPPORT FOR THE FACULTY. 2301 01:14:48,910 --> 01:14:52,180 I MEAN, THAT'S SOMETHING THAT'S 2302 01:14:52,180 --> 01:14:56,217 JUST BALLOONED OVER THE LAST 20 2303 01:14:56,217 --> 01:14:57,252 YEARS, WHERE INSTITUTIONS THAT 2304 01:14:57,252 --> 01:14:59,621 USED TO PAY THEIR FACULTY 100% 2305 01:14:59,621 --> 01:15:01,156 SALARY ARE NOW REQUIRING THEM TO 2306 01:15:01,156 --> 01:15:04,759 GET 90% SALARY ON GRANTS, RIGHT, 2307 01:15:04,759 --> 01:15:08,163 AND SO I UNDERSTAND FROM AN 2308 01:15:08,163 --> 01:15:08,897 INSTITUTIONAL POINT OF VIEW THEY 2309 01:15:08,897 --> 01:15:10,799 HAVE ALL THEIR OWN FINANCIAL 2310 01:15:10,799 --> 01:15:12,233 PRESSURES, BUT THAT IS A HUGE 2311 01:15:12,233 --> 01:15:13,301 ONE ON PIs. 2312 01:15:13,301 --> 01:15:16,371 IF YOU ONLY HAD TO PAY 25% OF 2313 01:15:16,371 --> 01:15:18,907 YOUR SUMMER SALARY VERSUS 75% OF 2314 01:15:18,907 --> 01:15:20,108 YOUR SALARY, THAT'S GAME 2315 01:15:20,108 --> 01:15:22,377 CHANGING IN TERMS OF HOW FAR 2316 01:15:22,377 --> 01:15:23,578 YOUR GRANT GOES, RIGHT? 2317 01:15:23,578 --> 01:15:25,447 SO IF I COULD CHANGE ONE THING 2318 01:15:25,447 --> 01:15:28,183 IN ACADEMIA, THAT WOULD BE IT 2319 01:15:28,183 --> 01:15:32,320 RIGHT NOW. 2320 01:15:32,320 --> 01:15:33,021 ANGELA. 2321 01:15:33,021 --> 01:15:34,756 >> I APPRECIATE THE BRAIN TRUST 2322 01:15:34,756 --> 01:15:36,358 OF THIS GROUP AND YOUR 2323 01:15:36,358 --> 01:15:38,460 AFFIRMATION TO HOW SMART WE ARE. 2324 01:15:38,460 --> 01:15:40,829 I'M ALSO THINKING ABOUT SO MUCH 2325 01:15:40,829 --> 01:15:42,564 OF THE -- SO MANY OF THE 2326 01:15:42,564 --> 01:15:43,398 IMPLICATIONS THAT YOU'RE 2327 01:15:43,398 --> 01:15:44,766 DISCUSSING, WHETHER IT'S ABOUT 2328 01:15:44,766 --> 01:15:48,169 CHANGES TO THE NRSA STIPENDS, 2329 01:15:48,169 --> 01:15:50,705 TECHNOLOGIES YET TO BE 2330 01:15:50,705 --> 01:15:51,539 DISCOVERED, THE PREVIOUS SLIDE 2331 01:15:51,539 --> 01:15:56,077 YOU SHARED WITH ISSUES RELATING 2332 01:15:56,077 --> 01:15:57,946 TO SUSTAINED ENGAGEMENT WITH 2333 01:15:57,946 --> 01:15:58,913 COMMUNITIES WHO ARE 2334 01:15:58,913 --> 01:15:59,848 UNDERREPRESENTED IN CLINICAL 2335 01:15:59,848 --> 01:16:00,148 RESEARCH. 2336 01:16:00,148 --> 01:16:03,518 THESE ARE CULTURE CHANGE ISSUES, 2337 01:16:03,518 --> 01:16:05,086 AND WHAT'S COMING UP FOR ME NOW 2338 01:16:05,086 --> 01:16:06,654 IS, NIGMS, SINCE YOU HAVE THE 2339 01:16:06,654 --> 01:16:08,023 LARGEST TRAINING PORTFOLIO OUT 2340 01:16:08,023 --> 01:16:11,192 OF ALL OF NIH, I BELIEVE, HAS SO 2341 01:16:11,192 --> 01:16:14,996 MUCH INSIGHT ABOUT THE CHANGING 2342 01:16:14,996 --> 01:16:16,898 LANDSCAPE OF OUR RESEARCH 2343 01:16:16,898 --> 01:16:17,499 TRAINING ENVIRONMENT. 2344 01:16:17,499 --> 01:16:18,933 IT'S NOT LOST ON ME WHAT YOU 2345 01:16:18,933 --> 01:16:21,002 SAID, AMY, ABOUT THE DOWNWARD 2346 01:16:21,002 --> 01:16:23,371 IMPLICATIONS IN TERMS OF WHAT 2347 01:16:23,371 --> 01:16:24,839 EVEN GETS EVALUATED FOR 2348 01:16:24,839 --> 01:16:26,074 PROMOTION FOR FACULTY, AND AS 2349 01:16:26,074 --> 01:16:27,976 YOU SAID, ANGELA, THE VULNERABLE 2350 01:16:27,976 --> 01:16:29,611 FOLK WHO ARE AT MID CAREER, JUST 2351 01:16:29,611 --> 01:16:32,614 FINISHED THEIR THIRD YEAR 2352 01:16:32,614 --> 01:16:33,114 REVIEW, ET CETERA. 2353 01:16:33,114 --> 01:16:34,315 SO THE QUESTION COMING UP FOR ME 2354 01:16:34,315 --> 01:16:36,117 IS TO WHAT EXTENT NIGMS IS 2355 01:16:36,117 --> 01:16:38,553 CONNECTED WITH PROVIDING THIS 2356 01:16:38,553 --> 01:16:40,955 INFORMATION TO, LIKE, THE 2357 01:16:40,955 --> 01:16:42,857 ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL 2358 01:16:42,857 --> 01:16:43,425 COLLEGES. 2359 01:16:43,425 --> 01:16:46,361 SO I RODE ON THE PLANE YESTERDAY 2360 01:16:46,361 --> 01:16:48,997 WITH MY ASSOCIATE DEAN FOR BASIC 2361 01:16:48,997 --> 01:16:50,765 RESEARCH AND THE GREAT GRAND 2362 01:16:50,765 --> 01:16:52,901 GROUP IS MEETING RIGHT NOW LIKE 2363 01:16:52,901 --> 01:16:53,835 IN D.C. . 2364 01:16:53,835 --> 01:16:54,936 AND THEY NEED THIS INFORMATION. 2365 01:16:54,936 --> 01:16:56,237 I THINK IT'S A CONVERSATION. 2366 01:16:56,237 --> 01:16:57,772 THERE'S A DIALOGUE TO BE HAD. 2367 01:16:57,772 --> 01:17:01,176 WITH THOSE FOLKS, SOME OF YOU 2368 01:17:01,176 --> 01:17:02,577 ARE FORMER TRAINING DIRECTORS 2369 01:17:02,577 --> 01:17:03,945 AND GRADUATE RESEARCH DEANS AND 2370 01:17:03,945 --> 01:17:04,846 THINGS LIKE THAT, BUT IT SEEMS 2371 01:17:04,846 --> 01:17:06,314 LIKE THERE COULD BE A MORE 2372 01:17:06,314 --> 01:17:07,348 DELIBERATE INTENTIONAL SET OF 2373 01:17:07,348 --> 01:17:08,516 DISCUSSIONS OR A SMALL WORKING 2374 01:17:08,516 --> 01:17:10,118 GROUP BETWEEN THE GREAT GRAND 2375 01:17:10,118 --> 01:17:11,753 GROUP AND NIGMS, SO I'M JUST 2376 01:17:11,753 --> 01:17:13,721 CURIOUS ABOUT -- I KNOW NIH 2377 01:17:13,721 --> 01:17:15,590 STAFF CAN'T LOBBY, PER SE, BUT 2378 01:17:15,590 --> 01:17:18,860 THEY CAN INFORM POLICIES AND 2379 01:17:18,860 --> 01:17:20,395 PRACTICES THAT ARE RELATING TO 2380 01:17:20,395 --> 01:17:23,264 NIH ACTIVITIES AND MISSION. 2381 01:17:23,264 --> 01:17:24,866 SO MY QUESTION IS TO WHAT EXTENT 2382 01:17:24,866 --> 01:17:27,268 ARE THESE CONVERSATIONS THAT 2383 01:17:27,268 --> 01:17:30,872 YOU'RE TEEING UP FOR US TO HAVE 2384 01:17:30,872 --> 01:17:32,240 BEING INVITED TO HAVE 2385 01:17:32,240 --> 01:17:39,314 CONVERSATIONS WITH DOUB AAMC GRT 2386 01:17:39,314 --> 01:17:39,514 GRAND. 2387 01:17:39,514 --> 01:17:42,450 >> WE'VE WORKED VERY CLOSELY, 2388 01:17:42,450 --> 01:17:44,018 THEY'VE BEEN GREAT PARTNERS AND 2389 01:17:44,018 --> 01:17:44,752 MANY DIFFERENT THINGS. 2390 01:17:44,752 --> 01:17:47,589 I'VE SPOKEN -- I THINK SOME SORT 2391 01:17:47,589 --> 01:17:50,191 OF A FORMAL WORKING GROUP, 2392 01:17:50,191 --> 01:17:50,992 DISCUSSION WOULD BE AN 2393 01:17:50,992 --> 01:17:54,429 INTERESTING THING TO HAVE. 2394 01:17:54,429 --> 01:17:55,897 WE COULD TALK TO THEM. 2395 01:17:55,897 --> 01:17:57,799 I THINK THEY'RE STILL SEARCHING 2396 01:17:57,799 --> 01:17:59,767 FOR ROSS' REPLACEMENT, SO 2397 01:17:59,767 --> 01:18:01,002 PROBABLY HAVE TO WAIT UNTIL THAT 2398 01:18:01,002 --> 01:18:03,905 HAPPENS, BUT -- CERTAINLY 2399 01:18:03,905 --> 01:18:06,708 ANYTHING WE CAN DO TO ENGAGE 2400 01:18:06,708 --> 01:18:09,711 AAMC AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 2401 01:18:09,711 --> 01:18:16,017 FA.FASA IS HERE AS WELL, SO THAS 2402 01:18:16,017 --> 01:18:18,353 ANOTHER GREAT PARTNER FOR US. 2403 01:18:18,353 --> 01:18:18,586 TERRI? 2404 01:18:18,586 --> 01:18:20,188 >> ANGELA, BRILLIANT GROUP, 2405 01:18:20,188 --> 01:18:22,657 THAT'S A BRILLIANT IDEA, HAVING 2406 01:18:22,657 --> 01:18:24,092 WORKED WITH THAT GROUP, THE 2407 01:18:24,092 --> 01:18:25,627 OTHER THING THEIR SOURCE OF 2408 01:18:25,627 --> 01:18:27,228 DATA, THEY DO GREAT SURVEYS AND 2409 01:18:27,228 --> 01:18:28,830 ANALYSIS THAT YOU CAN'T DO WHERE 2410 01:18:28,830 --> 01:18:30,265 THEY CAN GET IN AND FIND OUT 2411 01:18:30,265 --> 01:18:31,866 SOME OF THESE BEST PRACTICES AND 2412 01:18:31,866 --> 01:18:33,434 THINGS TO HELP DISSEMINATE THAT 2413 01:18:33,434 --> 01:18:36,004 THIS IS NOT AN IMPOSSIBLE THING 2414 01:18:36,004 --> 01:18:36,337 TO DEAL WITH. 2415 01:18:36,337 --> 01:18:36,838 THAT WAS IT. 2416 01:18:36,838 --> 01:18:38,139 >> THEY HAVE EXCELLENT DATA. 2417 01:18:38,139 --> 01:18:39,707 WE ACTUALLY PAY FOR THEM TO GET 2418 01:18:39,707 --> 01:18:41,409 SOME OF THEIR DATA SO WE'RE GLAD 2419 01:18:41,409 --> 01:18:43,278 THEY GET SUCH EXCELLENT DATA BUT 2420 01:18:43,278 --> 01:18:44,913 IT HAS BEEN VERY USEFUL TO US. 2421 01:18:44,913 --> 01:18:47,248 WHAT A FANTASTIC DISCUSSION. 2422 01:18:47,248 --> 01:18:48,583 I THINK IT DIDN'T SOLVE ALL THE 2423 01:18:48,583 --> 01:18:49,717 PROBLEMS BUT THIS WAS VERY 2424 01:18:49,717 --> 01:18:53,154 USEFUL TO US, AND WE'LL TAKE ALL 2425 01:18:53,154 --> 01:18:53,688 THIS BACK AND CONSIDER IT 2426 01:18:53,688 --> 01:18:55,356 FURTHER. 2427 01:18:55,356 --> 01:18:57,926 LET'S TAKE A BREAK UNTIL 11:00, 2428 01:18:57,926 --> 01:18:59,327 AND THEN MIKE LAUER WILL 2429 01:18:59,327 --> 01:19:01,129 HOPEFULLY BE HERE -- OH, HE'S 2430 01:19:01,129 --> 01:19:01,563 HERE. 2431 01:19:01,563 --> 01:19:01,996 THERE'S MIKE LAUER. 2432 01:19:01,996 --> 01:19:03,498 SO WE'RE GOING TO TAKE A 2433 01:19:03,498 --> 01:19:04,432 10-MINUTE BREAK AND THEN MIKE 2434 01:19:04,432 --> 01:19:05,641 WILL BE ON. 2435 01:19:07,069 --> 01:19:10,106 >> SO I'VE BEEN ASKED TO TELL 2436 01:19:10,106 --> 01:19:11,674 PEOPLE THAT YOUR COMPUTER 2437 01:19:11,674 --> 01:19:13,543 SCREENS ARE APPARENTLY VISIBLE 2438 01:19:13,543 --> 01:19:16,279 ON THE VIDEOCAST POTENTIALLY, SO 2439 01:19:16,279 --> 01:19:18,281 JUST DO BE AWARE OF THAT, IN 2440 01:19:18,281 --> 01:19:20,349 CASE YOU HAVE SOMETHING UP THERE 2441 01:19:20,349 --> 01:19:21,984 THAT'S CONFIDENTIAL OR 2442 01:19:21,984 --> 01:19:23,886 SENSITIVE. 2443 01:19:23,886 --> 01:19:27,590 WITH THAT, I'M VERY PLEASED TO 2444 01:19:27,590 --> 01:19:30,693 INTRODUCE MIKE LAUER, THE NIH 2445 01:19:30,693 --> 01:19:33,095 DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR EXTRAMURAL 2446 01:19:33,095 --> 01:19:34,564 RESEARCH, WHO IS GOING TO TALK 2447 01:19:34,564 --> 01:19:37,066 TO US ABOUT RESEARCH MISCONDUCT 2448 01:19:37,066 --> 01:19:38,668 IN VARIOUS FORMS, WHICH I THINK 2449 01:19:38,668 --> 01:19:40,336 IS GOING TO BE VERY USEFUL AND 2450 01:19:40,336 --> 01:19:40,636 INTERESTING. 2451 01:19:40,636 --> 01:19:44,273 SO MIKE, IT'S ALL YOU. 2452 01:19:44,273 --> 01:19:45,074 >> GREAT, JON. 2453 01:19:45,074 --> 01:19:46,075 THANK YOU VERY MUCH, AND I 2454 01:19:46,075 --> 01:19:46,742 REALLY APPRECIATE THE 2455 01:19:46,742 --> 01:19:47,476 OPPORTUNITY TO BE HERE THIS 2456 01:19:47,476 --> 01:19:48,945 MORNING. 2457 01:19:48,945 --> 01:19:50,246 SO I PUT THESE SLIDES TOGETHER 2458 01:19:50,246 --> 01:19:51,614 THE OTHER NIGHT AND THOUGHT I 2459 01:19:51,614 --> 01:19:52,949 WAS COMPLETELY UP TO DATE, AND 2460 01:19:52,949 --> 01:19:56,018 THEN I OPENED UP YESTERDAY'S 2461 01:19:56,018 --> 01:19:57,053 PAPER AND ON THE FRONT PAGE, 2462 01:19:57,053 --> 01:19:59,055 THERE'S A HEADLINE CALLED 2463 01:19:59,055 --> 01:20:00,756 "COUNTERFEIT STUDIES ARE 2464 01:20:00,756 --> 01:20:01,724 INFECTING SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS." 2465 01:20:01,724 --> 01:20:03,726 SO THIS CONTINUES TO BE A VERY 2466 01:20:03,726 --> 01:20:04,493 AHA TOPIC. 2467 01:20:04,493 --> 01:20:05,027 ALL RIGHT. 2468 01:20:05,027 --> 01:20:07,563 SO WHEN WE THINK ABOUT 2469 01:20:07,563 --> 01:20:10,132 MISCONDUCT, THERE ARE -- THERE'S 2470 01:20:10,132 --> 01:20:11,400 CLASSIC MISCONDUCT AND THERE'S 2471 01:20:11,400 --> 01:20:13,002 OTHER KINDS OF MISCONDUCT, WHAT 2472 01:20:13,002 --> 01:20:15,037 WE MIGHT CALL PROFESSIONAL 2473 01:20:15,037 --> 01:20:15,972 MISCONDUCT. 2474 01:20:15,972 --> 01:20:18,908 CLASSIC MISCONDUCT IS 2475 01:20:18,908 --> 01:20:20,376 FABRICATION, FALSIFICATION AND 2476 01:20:20,376 --> 01:20:21,010 PLAGIARISM. 2477 01:20:21,010 --> 01:20:21,944 THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK 2478 01:20:21,944 --> 01:20:22,612 ABOUT. 2479 01:20:22,612 --> 01:20:25,815 THERE'S OTHER KINDS WE ALSO DEAL 2480 01:20:25,815 --> 01:20:27,416 WITH, PEER REVIEW BREACHES, 2481 01:20:27,416 --> 01:20:30,253 HARASSMENT, MISREPRESENTATIONS, 2482 01:20:30,253 --> 01:20:33,189 SOME PEOPLE MIGHT CALL THOSE 2483 01:20:33,189 --> 01:20:34,957 LIES, DUPLICATIVE FUNDING, 2484 01:20:34,957 --> 01:20:35,791 CONCEALED FINANCIAL INTEREST AND 2485 01:20:35,791 --> 01:20:36,759 A WHOLE VARIETY OF OTHER 2486 01:20:36,759 --> 01:20:37,860 INTERESTING TYPES OF BEHAVIORS. 2487 01:20:37,860 --> 01:20:39,328 SO IF WE WANT TO THINK ABOUT 2488 01:20:39,328 --> 01:20:41,397 CLASSIC MISCONDUCT, PERHAPS ONE 2489 01:20:41,397 --> 01:20:42,765 OF THE EARLY CASES OF THE MODERN 2490 01:20:42,765 --> 01:20:43,666 ERA WAS THIS ONE. 2491 01:20:43,666 --> 01:20:44,634 BY THE WAY, HOW MANY OF YOU 2492 01:20:44,634 --> 01:20:46,202 RECOGNIZE THIS PAPER? 2493 01:20:46,202 --> 01:20:49,005 SO THIS WAS A LEAD ARTICLE IN 2494 01:20:49,005 --> 01:20:49,639 THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF 2495 01:20:49,639 --> 01:20:51,140 MEDICINE, IT CAME OUT IN JANUARY 2496 01:20:51,140 --> 01:20:54,377 OF 1981, IT IDENTIFIED A NEW 2497 01:20:54,377 --> 01:20:57,980 DISEASE, A TAURINE DEFICIENCY 2498 01:20:57,980 --> 01:21:01,584 LEADING TO MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE 2499 01:21:01,584 --> 01:21:02,084 AND CARDIOMYOPATHY. 2500 01:21:02,084 --> 01:21:03,953 IT WAS A RATHER REMARKABLE 2501 01:21:03,953 --> 01:21:04,153 STUDY. 2502 01:21:04,153 --> 01:21:07,757 THE AUTHORS DESCRIBED A KIN 2503 01:21:07,757 --> 01:21:09,759 DRID, THEY GOT HEART SPECIMENS, 2504 01:21:09,759 --> 01:21:11,427 BLOOD SPECIMENS, URINE 2505 01:21:11,427 --> 01:21:13,596 SPECIMENS, THEY GOT AUTOPSY 2506 01:21:13,596 --> 01:21:16,098 SPECIMENS, AND THEY -- AS YOU 2507 01:21:16,098 --> 01:21:17,566 MIGHT IMAGINE, THIS WAS A 2508 01:21:17,566 --> 01:21:18,601 TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF WORK SO 2509 01:21:18,601 --> 01:21:22,738 THEY NEEDED SOME HELP, SO THEY 2510 01:21:22,738 --> 01:21:23,439 IDENTIFIED SOME PEOPLE WHO 2511 01:21:23,439 --> 01:21:25,608 HELPED THEM, JASON KALDER, 2512 01:21:25,608 --> 01:21:28,311 LAWRENCE BERGMAN, BYRON 2513 01:21:28,311 --> 01:21:29,211 FILLSTEIN FOR DOING VARIOUS 2514 01:21:29,211 --> 01:21:30,479 THINGS, AND I SHOULD POINT OUT 2515 01:21:30,479 --> 01:21:32,181 THAT THE AUTHORS ON THIS PAPER, 2516 01:21:32,181 --> 01:21:34,483 THERE WERE TWO AUTHORS ON THIS 2517 01:21:34,483 --> 01:21:45,127 PAPER, JOHNDANN DARCY -- IT GOTA 2518 01:21:46,963 --> 01:21:47,830 LOT OF INTEREST AND THEN 2519 01:21:47,830 --> 01:21:48,764 SOMETHING HAPPENED. 2520 01:21:48,764 --> 01:21:51,534 SO JON DARCY, RISING 2521 01:21:51,534 --> 01:21:53,102 CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCHER, MOVES 2522 01:21:53,102 --> 01:21:54,870 TO EMORY UNIVERSITY WHERE THIS 2523 01:21:54,870 --> 01:21:56,105 PAPER CAME FROM, HE MOVES FROM 2524 01:21:56,105 --> 01:21:57,473 EMORY UNIVERSITY TO BOSTON, AND 2525 01:21:57,473 --> 01:22:02,445 HE'S DOING A DOG EXPERIMENT AND 2526 01:22:02,445 --> 01:22:03,713 HIS COLLEAGUES SAID HE'S DOING 2527 01:22:03,713 --> 01:22:04,647 SOMETHING RATHER STRANGE, WHICH 2528 01:22:04,647 --> 01:22:05,915 IS THAT HE'S WRITING OUT THE 2529 01:22:05,915 --> 01:22:06,916 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT THAT 2530 01:22:06,916 --> 01:22:08,551 WAS SUPPOSED TO HAPPEN TOMORROW 2531 01:22:08,551 --> 01:22:09,285 AND THE NEXT DAY AND THE DAY 2532 01:22:09,285 --> 01:22:11,253 AFTER THAT. 2533 01:22:11,253 --> 01:22:15,257 AND HE HAD THIS EXPERIMENT 2534 01:22:15,257 --> 01:22:16,392 COMPLETELY MAPPED OUT. 2535 01:22:16,392 --> 01:22:19,628 SO HE ESSENTIALLY WAS CAUGHT 2536 01:22:19,628 --> 01:22:21,130 RED-HANDED FABRICATING DATA. 2537 01:22:21,130 --> 01:22:22,999 SO HE'S ASKED ABOUT THIS AND HE 2538 01:22:22,999 --> 01:22:24,433 SAID I'M REALLY SORRY, I'M UNDER 2539 01:22:24,433 --> 01:22:27,336 A GREAT DEAL OF STRESS, I DON'T 2540 01:22:27,336 --> 01:22:31,173 KNOW WHAT HAPPENED, BUT THIS 2541 01:22:31,173 --> 01:22:35,244 THEN LED TO AN INVESTIGATION, 2542 01:22:35,244 --> 01:22:37,480 AND IT LED TO HARVARD THEN 2543 01:22:37,480 --> 01:22:40,249 SUSPENDING HIM BECAUSE OF THESE 2544 01:22:40,249 --> 01:22:41,484 VARIOUS PROBLEMS. 2545 01:22:41,484 --> 01:22:44,153 NOW, THIS THEN LED TO -- BY THE 2546 01:22:44,153 --> 01:22:46,389 WAY, YES, NIH FUNDING WAS 2547 01:22:46,389 --> 01:22:47,056 INVOLVED, THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES 2548 01:22:47,056 --> 01:22:49,225 GOT INVOLVED, SO THIS LED TO A 2549 01:22:49,225 --> 01:22:51,527 HUGE SET OF INVESTIGATIONS 2550 01:22:51,527 --> 01:22:52,728 INVOLVING MANY PAPER, INCLUDING 2551 01:22:52,728 --> 01:22:54,330 THE ONE THAT I JUST SHOWED YOU, 2552 01:22:54,330 --> 01:22:55,765 AND IN THE COURSE OF 2553 01:22:55,765 --> 01:22:56,832 INVESTIGATING THIS PARTICULAR 2554 01:22:56,832 --> 01:22:58,334 PAPER, THEY DISCOVERED THAT 2555 01:22:58,334 --> 01:23:03,005 THESE PEOPLE WHO HE HAD 2556 01:23:03,005 --> 01:23:05,808 ACKNOWLEDGED, J DIDN'T EXIST. 2557 01:23:05,808 --> 01:23:07,243 THIS WHOLE THING WAS A WORK OF 2558 01:23:07,243 --> 01:23:07,810 FICTION. 2559 01:23:07,810 --> 01:23:10,846 IT WAS COMPLETELY FABRICATED. 2560 01:23:10,846 --> 01:23:14,617 AND THEN IN 1983, THE PAPER WAS 2561 01:23:14,617 --> 01:23:18,120 FINALLY RETRACTED, AND IN A 2562 01:23:18,120 --> 01:23:19,588 RECENT DISCLOSURE, HARVARD 2563 01:23:19,588 --> 01:23:20,956 ANNOUNCED A RESEARCH FELLOW IN 2564 01:23:20,956 --> 01:23:24,493 THE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE HAD 2565 01:23:24,493 --> 01:23:29,532 FABRICATED DATE DATA THAT FORME 2566 01:23:29,532 --> 01:23:31,567 BASIS OF SEVERAL PUBLICATIONS, 2567 01:23:31,567 --> 01:23:33,102 AND THERE WAS NIH FUNDING 2568 01:23:33,102 --> 01:23:33,369 INVOLVED. 2569 01:23:33,369 --> 01:23:35,004 THIS WAS A HUGE SCANDAL AT THE 2570 01:23:35,004 --> 01:23:35,404 TIME. 2571 01:23:35,404 --> 01:23:37,273 NOW, FABRICATION IS ONE FORM, 2572 01:23:37,273 --> 01:23:38,908 AND THIS IS ONE OF THE MORE 2573 01:23:38,908 --> 01:23:41,310 EXTREME CASES. 2574 01:23:41,310 --> 01:23:42,378 PERHAPS A MORE COMMON FORM OF 2575 01:23:42,378 --> 01:23:44,113 MISCONDUCT IS FALSIFICATION. 2576 01:23:44,113 --> 01:23:44,980 FALSIFICATION MEANS THAT YOU 2577 01:23:44,980 --> 01:23:47,083 TAKE DATA THAT ACTUALLY DO EXIST 2578 01:23:47,083 --> 01:23:49,018 BUT THEN YOU DO THINGS WITH 2579 01:23:49,018 --> 01:23:49,218 THEM. 2580 01:23:49,218 --> 01:23:51,220 I TOOK THESE IMAGES FROM THE 2581 01:23:51,220 --> 01:23:52,588 ORI, OFFICE OF RESEARCH 2582 01:23:52,588 --> 01:23:55,491 INTEGRITY WEBSITE, AND ALL FOUR 2583 01:23:55,491 --> 01:23:58,427 OF THESE ARE VARIATIONS ON THE 2584 01:23:58,427 --> 01:24:00,896 SAME THEME, WHICH IS THAT YOU 2585 01:24:00,896 --> 01:24:02,798 TAKE SOME -- ONE EXPERIMENT AND 2586 01:24:02,798 --> 01:24:04,834 THEN YOU PLAY WITH THE IMAGE, 2587 01:24:04,834 --> 01:24:07,002 AND BY PLAYING WITH THE IMAGE, 2588 01:24:07,002 --> 01:24:07,870 YOU REPRESENT IT AS MORE THAN 2589 01:24:07,870 --> 01:24:08,237 ONE EXPERIMENT. 2590 01:24:08,237 --> 01:24:10,706 SO FOR EXAMPLE, THE TOP ONE, 2591 01:24:10,706 --> 01:24:12,842 CONTROL AND PROTEIN A, IT'S THE 2592 01:24:12,842 --> 01:24:13,776 EXACT SAME EXPERIMENT BUT WHAT 2593 01:24:13,776 --> 01:24:16,078 THEY DID WAS THEY CROPPED IT, 2594 01:24:16,078 --> 01:24:17,613 THEY CHANGED THE CONTRAST A 2595 01:24:17,613 --> 01:24:19,448 LITTLE BIT, BRIGHTENED UP THE 2596 01:24:19,448 --> 01:24:20,149 IMAGE. 2597 01:24:20,149 --> 01:24:21,717 THE ONE IN THE UPPER RIGHT-HAND 2598 01:24:21,717 --> 01:24:23,919 CORNER, THIS IS A CLASSIC KIND 2599 01:24:23,919 --> 01:24:29,291 WHERE M1 AND M4 ARE ABSOLUTELY 2600 01:24:29,291 --> 01:24:30,192 IDENTICAL, THEY'RE JUST FLIPPED. 2601 01:24:30,192 --> 01:24:31,894 THEN THE WESTERN BLOT IS ALSO 2602 01:24:31,894 --> 01:24:33,162 THE SAME THING, THEY'RE 2603 01:24:33,162 --> 01:24:34,330 IDENTICAL, THEY'RE JUST FLIPPED. 2604 01:24:34,330 --> 01:24:35,664 THEN FOR FIGURE 4, YOU HAVE 2605 01:24:35,664 --> 01:24:37,633 THESE DIFFERENT LANES, LANES 1, 2606 01:24:37,633 --> 01:24:38,834 4 AND 5 ARE IDENTICAL BUT 2607 01:24:38,834 --> 01:24:41,437 THEY'RE IDENTIFIED AS 2608 01:24:41,437 --> 01:24:42,138 REPRESENTING DIFFERENT 2609 01:24:42,138 --> 01:24:47,943 CONDITIONS. 2610 01:24:47,943 --> 01:24:49,678 SO THAT'S SOME EXAMPLES OF 2611 01:24:49,678 --> 01:24:50,279 FABRICATION, FALSIFICATION. 2612 01:24:50,279 --> 01:24:51,647 NOW WE WANT TO GO INTO A LITTLE 2613 01:24:51,647 --> 01:24:52,548 MORE DEPTH BY TELLING THIS 2614 01:24:52,548 --> 01:24:53,349 STORY. 2615 01:24:53,349 --> 01:24:55,017 THIS IS A STORY THAT -- I'M 2616 01:24:55,017 --> 01:24:55,684 GUESSING -- HOW MANY OF YOU ARE 2617 01:24:55,684 --> 01:24:57,219 FAMILIAR WITH THIS STORY? 2618 01:24:57,219 --> 01:24:58,420 A FEW OF YOU ARE. 2619 01:24:58,420 --> 01:24:58,621 OKAY. 2620 01:24:58,621 --> 01:25:00,689 SO THIS PAPER, THIS IS ONE OF 2621 01:25:00,689 --> 01:25:03,425 MANY PAPERS THAT CAME OUT THAT 2622 01:25:03,425 --> 01:25:06,695 WAS PUBLISHED BY NEIL POTTI, HE 2623 01:25:06,695 --> 01:25:09,098 WAS A STAR INVESTIGATOR AT DUKE 2624 01:25:09,098 --> 01:25:09,398 UNIVERSITY. 2625 01:25:09,398 --> 01:25:11,200 AND WHAT HE CLAIMED WAS HE 2626 01:25:11,200 --> 01:25:14,436 CLAIMED TO HAVE FOUND MOLECULAR 2627 01:25:14,436 --> 01:25:16,105 SIGNATURES THAT COULD IDENTIFY 2628 01:25:16,105 --> 01:25:17,339 HOW WELL PATIENTS WOULD RESPOND 2629 01:25:17,339 --> 01:25:20,643 TO CERTAIN KINDS OF CHEMOTHERAPY 2630 01:25:20,643 --> 01:25:22,711 REGIMENS. 2631 01:25:22,711 --> 01:25:24,346 THERE WERE A WHOLE HOST OF 2632 01:25:24,346 --> 01:25:25,948 PAPERS PUBLISHED IN ALL THE 2633 01:25:25,948 --> 01:25:26,348 MAJOR JOURNALS. 2634 01:25:26,348 --> 01:25:27,750 THIS WAS CONSIDERED TO BE A 2635 01:25:27,750 --> 01:25:28,184 MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH. 2636 01:25:28,184 --> 01:25:29,752 THERE WERE QUESTION, PEOPLE 2637 01:25:29,752 --> 01:25:31,153 COULDN'T REPLICATE THE RESULTS. 2638 01:25:31,153 --> 01:25:34,723 THERE WERE SOME DATA FROM CELL 2639 01:25:34,723 --> 01:25:36,792 LINES THAT WERE SUBJECT TO 2640 01:25:36,792 --> 01:25:39,361 FORENSIC ANALYSIS AT MD ANDERSON 2641 01:25:39,361 --> 01:25:40,462 AND THEY COULDN'T QUITE FIGURE 2642 01:25:40,462 --> 01:25:42,665 OUT WHAT WAS GOING ON. 2643 01:25:42,665 --> 01:25:44,233 THERE WAS A LOT OF BACK AND 2644 01:25:44,233 --> 01:25:47,036 FORTH ARGUMENTS AND HE SAID WELL 2645 01:25:47,036 --> 01:25:49,271 AMERICAS WE MADE SOME CLERICAL 2646 01:25:49,271 --> 01:25:50,072 ERRORS HERE AND THERE. 2647 01:25:50,072 --> 01:25:51,307 THEN IN 2010, THE CASE BROKE 2648 01:25:51,307 --> 01:25:51,974 OPEN. 2649 01:25:51,974 --> 01:25:54,577 AND THE CASE BROKE OPEN BECAUSE 2650 01:25:54,577 --> 01:25:56,946 A VERY ASTUTE PEER REVIEWER WAS 2651 01:25:56,946 --> 01:25:59,481 LOOKING AT DR. POTTI'S BIOSKETCH 2652 01:25:59,481 --> 01:26:00,616 AND SAID THIS DOESN'T LOOK 2653 01:26:00,616 --> 01:26:01,383 RIGHT. 2654 01:26:01,383 --> 01:26:04,486 SO YOU SAW HERE THAT THIS PERSON 2655 01:26:04,486 --> 01:26:07,489 HAD -- ANIL POTTI CLAIMED HE HAD 2656 01:26:07,489 --> 01:26:09,658 DONE A RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP WITH 2657 01:26:09,658 --> 01:26:13,462 SOMEONE NAMED GORDON MCLARIN AND 2658 01:26:13,462 --> 01:26:16,899 HE SAID I'VE HEARD OF ANIL POTTI 2659 01:26:16,899 --> 01:26:18,200 BUT I DON'T REALLY KNOW HIM AND 2660 01:26:18,200 --> 01:26:19,401 HE CERTAINLY NEVER WORKED IN MY 2661 01:26:19,401 --> 01:26:19,935 LAB. 2662 01:26:19,935 --> 01:26:21,103 THEN ON ANOTHER BIOSKETCH, HE 2663 01:26:21,103 --> 01:26:25,107 CLAIMED THAT IN 1995, HE HAD WON 2664 01:26:25,107 --> 01:26:31,480 A RHODES SCHOLAR SHIP IN 2665 01:26:31,480 --> 01:26:31,947 AUSTRALIA. 2666 01:26:31,947 --> 01:26:33,382 NOW SOME OF YOU ARE FAMILY WITH 2667 01:26:33,382 --> 01:26:35,751 THEM, SOME OF I MAY HAVE EVEN 2668 01:26:35,751 --> 01:26:36,852 WON ONE, BUT THEY'RE NOT IN 2669 01:26:36,852 --> 01:26:37,286 AUSTRALIA. 2670 01:26:37,286 --> 01:26:38,153 SO THAT'S WHAT BROKE THE CASE 2671 01:26:38,153 --> 01:26:38,554 OPEN. 2672 01:26:38,554 --> 01:26:39,755 AND THEN IT TURNED OUT THAT 2673 01:26:39,755 --> 01:26:41,523 THERE WAS MASSIVE FRAUD 2674 01:26:41,523 --> 01:26:42,791 UNDERLYING THE WORK THAT HE HAD 2675 01:26:42,791 --> 01:26:46,695 DONE. 2676 01:26:46,695 --> 01:26:50,933 AND THIS ARTICLE BY GINA KOLATA 2677 01:26:50,933 --> 01:26:52,501 REALLY SUMS IT UP THAT PAPERS 2678 01:26:52,501 --> 01:26:53,469 WERE RETRACTED. 2679 01:26:53,469 --> 01:26:56,572 DUKE HAD TO SHUT DOWN THREE 2680 01:26:56,572 --> 01:26:56,939 CLINICAL TRIALS. 2681 01:26:56,939 --> 01:26:59,108 THESE WERE CLINICAL TRIALS OF 2682 01:26:59,108 --> 01:27:03,712 PATIENTS WHO HAD SERIOUS CANCER, 2683 01:27:03,712 --> 01:27:06,382 YOU KNOW, ADVANCED SPREAD 2684 01:27:06,382 --> 01:27:08,284 CANCER, DESPERATE, DESPERATE 2685 01:27:08,284 --> 01:27:09,852 PEOPLE, AND THEY WERE ENROLLED 2686 01:27:09,852 --> 01:27:11,820 IN THESE TRIALS THAT WERE BASED 2687 01:27:11,820 --> 01:27:15,224 ON COMPLETELY FRAUDULENT DATA. 2688 01:27:15,224 --> 01:27:16,392 CANCER WORLD WAS REELING, THE 2689 01:27:16,392 --> 01:27:17,960 DUKE RESEARCHERS HAD EVEN SET UP 2690 01:27:17,960 --> 01:27:18,527 A COMPANY. 2691 01:27:18,527 --> 01:27:24,199 SO UNLIKE THE JOHN DARCY CASE, 2692 01:27:24,199 --> 01:27:26,535 THIS IS NOT JUST AN ACADEMIC 2693 01:27:26,535 --> 01:27:28,871 PROBLEM, A JOURNAL THAT GOT 2694 01:27:28,871 --> 01:27:29,438 EMBARRASSED. 2695 01:27:29,438 --> 01:27:30,506 REAL PEOPLE WERE HURT BY THIS. 2696 01:27:30,506 --> 01:27:32,708 WHO KNOWS HOW MANY HUNDREDS OF 2697 01:27:32,708 --> 01:27:33,742 THOUSANDS OF PERSON HOURS WERE 2698 01:27:33,742 --> 01:27:35,377 SPENT BY SCIENTISTS WORKING ON 2699 01:27:35,377 --> 01:27:37,846 THESE SO-CALLED DISCOVERIES THAT 2700 01:27:37,846 --> 01:27:39,281 WEREN'T REAL. 2701 01:27:39,281 --> 01:27:40,683 BUT IT GOT EVEN WORSE THAN THAT, 2702 01:27:40,683 --> 01:27:43,052 BECAUSE IT TURNED OUT THAT AT 2703 01:27:43,052 --> 01:27:43,819 DUKE UNIVERSITY, THERE WERE LOTS 2704 01:27:43,819 --> 01:27:44,753 OF PROBLEMS GOING ON. 2705 01:27:44,753 --> 01:27:47,089 THERE WAS ANOTHER LABORATORY 2706 01:27:47,089 --> 01:27:48,824 THAT WAS DOING -- THEY WERE 2707 01:27:48,824 --> 01:27:52,194 USING MOUSE MODELS OF ASTHMA, 2708 01:27:52,194 --> 01:27:54,563 AND IT TURNED OUT THAT HUNDREDS 2709 01:27:54,563 --> 01:27:57,066 OF EXPERIMENTS IF NOT MORE HAD 2710 01:27:57,066 --> 01:28:00,569 BEEN COMPLETELY FAKED, AND 2711 01:28:00,569 --> 01:28:01,804 THESE -- SO THIS WAS FABRICATED 2712 01:28:01,804 --> 01:28:02,204 DATA. 2713 01:28:02,204 --> 01:28:03,372 THIS WASN'T FALSIFIED. 2714 01:28:03,372 --> 01:28:04,940 THIS WAS FABRICATED DATA. 2715 01:28:04,940 --> 01:28:07,409 AND THEY WOUND UP IN DOZENS OF 2716 01:28:07,409 --> 01:28:09,244 NIH RESEARCH GRANTS, MANY OF 2717 01:28:09,244 --> 01:28:11,780 WHICH GOT FUNDED. 2718 01:28:11,780 --> 01:28:13,649 AND ONCE IT WAS DISCOVERED -- 2719 01:28:13,649 --> 01:28:15,951 THE WAY IT WAS DISCOVERED WAS 2720 01:28:15,951 --> 01:28:17,052 THAT THE PARTICULAR PERSON WHO 2721 01:28:17,052 --> 01:28:19,722 WAS FALSIFYING THE DATA WAS 2722 01:28:19,722 --> 01:28:21,623 CAUGHT EMBEZZLING FUNDS FROM THE 2723 01:28:21,623 --> 01:28:22,858 LABORATORY, BUT IT TURNED OUT TO 2724 01:28:22,858 --> 01:28:24,126 BE A LOT DEEPER THAN THAT. 2725 01:28:24,126 --> 01:28:26,095 IT TURNED OUT THAT SHE HAD FELT 2726 01:28:26,095 --> 01:28:28,731 PRESSURED BY HER P.I. TO DO 2727 01:28:28,731 --> 01:28:30,366 SOMETHING TO MAKE THE RESULTS 2728 01:28:30,366 --> 01:28:31,734 LOOK BETTER BECAUSE WHEN SHE WAS 2729 01:28:31,734 --> 01:28:34,436 DOING THE RESULTS HONESTLY, YOU 2730 01:28:34,436 --> 01:28:35,804 KNOW HOW SCIENTIFIC DATA IS, 2731 01:28:35,804 --> 01:28:36,572 IT'S ALL MESSY. 2732 01:28:36,572 --> 01:28:38,540 IT DOESN'T MAKE ANY SENSE. 2733 01:28:38,540 --> 01:28:39,975 AND SO SHE COULDN'T GET TO MAKE 2734 01:28:39,975 --> 01:28:40,843 ANY SENSE. 2735 01:28:40,843 --> 01:28:42,845 AND HE TOLD HER, NO, NO, NO, NO, 2736 01:28:42,845 --> 01:28:46,515 NO, YOU WANT TO HAVE CURVES THAT 2737 01:28:46,515 --> 01:28:47,216 LOOK LIKE THIS. 2738 01:28:47,216 --> 01:28:48,150 YOU MUST NOT BE DOING THE 2739 01:28:48,150 --> 01:28:48,650 EXPERIMENT RIGHT. 2740 01:28:48,650 --> 01:28:50,052 SO WHY DON'T YOU GO BACK AND DO 2741 01:28:50,052 --> 01:28:50,652 IT OVER. 2742 01:28:50,652 --> 01:28:51,920 AND THEN SHE EVENTUALLY FIGURED 2743 01:28:51,920 --> 01:28:53,689 OUT THE WAY SHE COULD GET HER 2744 01:28:53,689 --> 01:28:55,991 BOSS HAPPY WAS BY MAKING UP THE 2745 01:28:55,991 --> 01:28:56,225 NUMBERS. 2746 01:28:56,225 --> 01:28:57,025 AND THAT'S WHAT SHE DID. 2747 01:28:57,025 --> 01:29:00,696 OVER AND OVER AND OTHER OVER AR 2748 01:29:00,696 --> 01:29:01,330 AGAIN. 2749 01:29:01,330 --> 01:29:04,366 AND EVENTUALLY, ONCE IT WAS 2750 01:29:04,366 --> 01:29:05,834 DISCOVERED, THEN INSTEAD OF 2751 01:29:05,834 --> 01:29:06,902 IMMEDIATELY TRYING TO CLAMP DOWN 2752 01:29:06,902 --> 01:29:10,639 ON IT, THE VARIOUS SCIENTISTS 2753 01:29:10,639 --> 01:29:11,640 WERE, WOULDING AROUND IT AND 2754 01:29:11,640 --> 01:29:13,008 THEY WERE SENDING EMAILS TO EACH 2755 01:29:13,008 --> 01:29:13,976 OTHER THAT SAID THINGS LIKE, 2756 01:29:13,976 --> 01:29:15,611 WELL, WE CAN USE THIS BLOT 2757 01:29:15,611 --> 01:29:18,747 BECAUSE IT'S ONLY HALF BOGUS 2758 01:29:18,747 --> 01:29:20,416 DATA, AND THAT DATA IS REAL 2759 01:29:20,416 --> 01:29:21,617 DATA, AND I'M NOT SURE WHETHER 2760 01:29:21,617 --> 01:29:24,720 THAT DATA IS BOGUS DATA OR NOT 2761 01:29:24,720 --> 01:29:25,954 SO WE'LL HAVE TO KIND OF THINK 2762 01:29:25,954 --> 01:29:26,355 IT THROUGH. 2763 01:29:26,355 --> 01:29:29,892 AND SO THERE WAS A LAWSUIT, AND 2764 01:29:29,892 --> 01:29:31,560 THIS WAS SOMETHING THAT TOOK ON 2765 01:29:31,560 --> 01:29:32,795 AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF MY TIME 2766 01:29:32,795 --> 01:29:34,863 WHEN I FIRST STARTED AT OER8 1/2 2767 01:29:34,863 --> 01:29:38,167 YEARS AGO, WAS THIS PARTICULAR 2768 01:29:38,167 --> 01:29:41,570 CASE, IN WHICH IT WAS CLAIMED 2769 01:29:41,570 --> 01:29:42,805 THAT IT WASN'T -- DUKE WAS 2770 01:29:42,805 --> 01:29:43,906 TRYING TO SAY THAT THEY JUST HAD 2771 01:29:43,906 --> 01:29:44,873 A FEW BAD APPLES. 2772 01:29:44,873 --> 01:29:49,545 THEY HAD ANIL POTTI, HE WAS A 2773 01:29:49,545 --> 01:29:56,885 BAD APPLE, THEY HAD ERIN POTTS 2774 01:29:56,885 --> 01:29:59,254 KANT, BUT THEY WERE SAYING NO, 2775 01:29:59,254 --> 01:30:00,589 NO, DUKE IS NOT A GREAT PLACE, 2776 01:30:00,589 --> 01:30:02,191 DUKE HAS A REAL CULTURE PROBLEM, 2777 01:30:02,191 --> 01:30:07,930 AND EVENTUALLY THIS LED TO A 2778 01:30:07,930 --> 01:30:11,633 SETTLEMENT, FOR 112 -- 2779 01:30:11,633 --> 01:30:12,000 $112.5 MILLION. 2780 01:30:12,000 --> 01:30:13,802 IT WAS A MASSIVE SETTLEMENT. 2781 01:30:13,802 --> 01:30:14,903 THE PRESIDENT OF DUKE SAYS THIS 2782 01:30:14,903 --> 01:30:16,438 IS A DIFFICULT MOMENT, THIS CASE 2783 01:30:16,438 --> 01:30:18,140 DEMONSTRATES THE DEVASTATING 2784 01:30:18,140 --> 01:30:20,075 IMPACT OF RESEARCH FRAUD AND 2785 01:30:20,075 --> 01:30:20,876 REINFORCES THE NEED FOR ALL OF 2786 01:30:20,876 --> 01:30:22,678 US TO HAVE A FOCUSED COMMITMENT 2787 01:30:22,678 --> 01:30:24,046 ON PROMOTING INTEGRITY. 2788 01:30:24,046 --> 01:30:25,013 I'M HIGHLIGHTING THAT BECAUSE 2789 01:30:25,013 --> 01:30:26,715 ONE OF KEY THEMES HERE IS THAT 2790 01:30:26,715 --> 01:30:28,550 WE CANNOT THINK OF SCIENTIFIC 2791 01:30:28,550 --> 01:30:29,985 MISCONDUCT AS BAD APPLES, THAT 2792 01:30:29,985 --> 01:30:31,987 THERE ARE BAD APPLES HERE AND 2793 01:30:31,987 --> 01:30:33,355 THERE. 2794 01:30:33,355 --> 01:30:34,389 OBVIOUSLY THEY HAVE TO BE 2795 01:30:34,389 --> 01:30:35,657 RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR MISDEEDS, 2796 01:30:35,657 --> 01:30:37,392 BUT THERE'S MORE TO IT THAN 2797 01:30:37,392 --> 01:30:38,660 THAT. 2798 01:30:38,660 --> 01:30:41,730 AND THE U.S. ATTORNEY PUT OUT A 2799 01:30:41,730 --> 01:30:44,900 NOTE HERE SAYING INDIVIDUALS AND 2800 01:30:44,900 --> 01:30:46,001 INSTITUTIONS THAT RECEIVE 2801 01:30:46,001 --> 01:30:47,536 RESEARCH FUNDING HAVE TO BE 2802 01:30:47,536 --> 01:30:48,237 SCRUPULOUS IN CONDUCTING 2803 01:30:48,237 --> 01:30:49,438 RESEARCH FOR THE COMMON GOOD. 2804 01:30:49,438 --> 01:30:50,839 MAY THIS SERVE AS A LESSON THAT 2805 01:30:50,839 --> 01:30:52,541 THE USE OF FALSE OR FABRICATED 2806 01:30:52,541 --> 01:30:53,675 DATA IN GRANT APPLICATIONS OR 2807 01:30:53,675 --> 01:30:54,776 REPORTS IS COMPLETELY 2808 01:30:54,776 --> 01:30:57,212 UNACCEPTABLE. 2809 01:30:57,212 --> 01:30:59,147 NOW, THIS WAS NOT AN ISOLATED 2810 01:30:59,147 --> 01:31:00,315 CASE, THE CASE AT DUKE. 2811 01:31:00,315 --> 01:31:02,317 WE ACTUALLY SEE THIS REASONABLY 2812 01:31:02,317 --> 01:31:03,785 OFTEN, WHERE THERE'S FABRICATED 2813 01:31:03,785 --> 01:31:05,921 OR FALSIFIED DATA APPEARING IN 2814 01:31:05,921 --> 01:31:07,189 GRANT APPLICATIONS. 2815 01:31:07,189 --> 01:31:09,291 AND SOMETIMES THAT FABRICATED OR 2816 01:31:09,291 --> 01:31:11,093 FALSIFIED DATA IS WHAT MAKES THE 2817 01:31:11,093 --> 01:31:11,493 APPLICATION. 2818 01:31:11,493 --> 01:31:14,997 IT'S WHAT GETS THE REVIEWERS 2819 01:31:14,997 --> 01:31:16,164 EXCITED AND EVENTUALLY LEADS TO 2820 01:31:16,164 --> 01:31:16,765 FUNDING. 2821 01:31:16,765 --> 01:31:19,201 SO I'VE TALKED ABOUT SOME OF THE 2822 01:31:19,201 --> 01:31:20,402 CONSEQUENCES. 2823 01:31:20,402 --> 01:31:22,004 PATIENTS IN CLINICAL TRIALS, 2824 01:31:22,004 --> 01:31:25,240 SCIENTISTS LOSING THEIR JOBS, 2825 01:31:25,240 --> 01:31:28,911 AND DUKE HAVING TO SHELL OUT 2826 01:31:28,911 --> 01:31:29,344 $112.5 MILLION. 2827 01:31:29,344 --> 01:31:31,179 SO HERE'S ANOTHER CASE THAT WE 2828 01:31:31,179 --> 01:31:33,949 WERE INVOLVED WITH. 2829 01:31:33,949 --> 01:31:36,251 IT INVOLVED A SCIENTIST WHO PUT 2830 01:31:36,251 --> 01:31:38,921 IN FALSIFIED DATA INTO GRANT 2831 01:31:38,921 --> 01:31:39,521 APPLICATIONS. 2832 01:31:39,521 --> 01:31:41,623 WE WERE REIMBURSED FOR THE GRANT 2833 01:31:41,623 --> 01:31:42,524 APPLICATION, SO MILLIONS OF 2834 01:31:42,524 --> 01:31:43,926 DOLLARS THAT WE GOT REIMBURSED 2835 01:31:43,926 --> 01:31:45,093 FOR THE GRANT APPLICATIONS, BUT 2836 01:31:45,093 --> 01:31:47,229 THE DOJ ACTUALLY MADE AN 2837 01:31:47,229 --> 01:31:48,397 AGREEMENT WITH THIS SCIENTIST, 2838 01:31:48,397 --> 01:31:49,631 IT WAS A CIVIL SETTLEMENT, THAT 2839 01:31:49,631 --> 01:31:52,834 HE HAD TO PAY $215,000 OUT OF 2840 01:31:52,834 --> 01:31:54,503 POCKET FOR ESSENTIALLY 2841 01:31:54,503 --> 01:31:59,508 DEFRAUDING THE U.S. GOVERNMENT. 2842 01:31:59,508 --> 01:32:03,211 THERE HAVE BEEN VERY FEW CASES 2843 01:32:03,211 --> 01:32:05,781 THAT HAVE ACTUALLY GONE TO 2844 01:32:05,781 --> 01:32:08,350 CRIMINAL PROSECUTION. 2845 01:32:08,350 --> 01:32:11,853 ERIC POEHLMAN DID THIS STUDY ON 2846 01:32:11,853 --> 01:32:12,287 MENOPAUSE. 2847 01:32:12,287 --> 01:32:16,391 HE HAD SUBMITTED MULTIPLE GRANTS 2848 01:32:16,391 --> 01:32:18,226 TO NIH THAT HAD FALSE DATA IN 2849 01:32:18,226 --> 01:32:18,760 IT. 2850 01:32:18,760 --> 01:32:19,761 HE WOUND UP ACTUALLY GOING TO 2851 01:32:19,761 --> 01:32:19,995 PRISON. 2852 01:32:19,995 --> 01:32:21,163 THIS IS ONE OF THE VERY FEW 2853 01:32:21,163 --> 01:32:22,497 CASES THAT WE KNOW OF WHERE THIS 2854 01:32:22,497 --> 01:32:25,033 HAS HAPPENED. 2855 01:32:25,033 --> 01:32:26,368 AND EXPERTS SAY THE CASE MARKED 2856 01:32:26,368 --> 01:32:28,904 THE FIRST TIME A U.S. SCIENTIST 2857 01:32:28,904 --> 01:32:30,205 WILL SERVE JAIL TIME FOR 2858 01:32:30,205 --> 01:32:34,009 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT. 2859 01:32:34,009 --> 01:32:35,644 AND THERE ARE EVEN CONSEQUENCES 2860 01:32:35,644 --> 01:32:36,678 FOR PEOPLE A VERY HIGH LEVELS. 2861 01:32:36,678 --> 01:32:38,814 THIS IS NOT JUST A MATTER OF 2862 01:32:38,814 --> 01:32:42,718 RELATIVELY JUNIOR INVESTIGATORS. 2863 01:32:42,718 --> 01:32:45,587 THIS EER EVEN AFFECTED -- YOU 2864 01:32:45,587 --> 01:32:46,688 PROBABLY KNOW ABOUT THIS ONE -- 2865 01:32:46,688 --> 01:32:48,657 THE PRESIDENT OF STANFORD 2866 01:32:48,657 --> 01:32:48,957 UNIVERSITY. 2867 01:32:48,957 --> 01:32:50,826 SO THERE WAS AN INVESTIGATION OF 2868 01:32:50,826 --> 01:32:51,994 THE WORK THERE. 2869 01:32:51,994 --> 01:32:54,863 THEY DETERMINED THAT HE DIDN'T 2870 01:32:54,863 --> 01:32:56,765 COMMIT MISCONDUCT, BUT THERE WAS 2871 01:32:56,765 --> 01:32:57,966 MISCONDUCT. 2872 01:32:57,966 --> 01:33:01,036 AND SO HE DID NOT PROPERLY 2873 01:33:01,036 --> 01:33:02,204 OVERSEE WHAT WAS GOING ON IN HIS 2874 01:33:02,204 --> 01:33:03,338 LAB. 2875 01:33:03,338 --> 01:33:05,240 BY THE WAY, THAT'S A VERY COMMON 2876 01:33:05,240 --> 01:33:07,809 THEME HERE. 2877 01:33:07,809 --> 01:33:09,411 NOW IN THE CASE OF THE DUKE LAB, 2878 01:33:09,411 --> 01:33:10,612 YOU MIGHT SAY IT WASN'T A LACK 2879 01:33:10,612 --> 01:33:15,350 OF SUPERVISION, IT WAS 2880 01:33:15,350 --> 01:33:16,685 SUPERVISORY MALFEASANCE, WHERE 2881 01:33:16,685 --> 01:33:18,086 THE P.I. WAS BASICALLY SENDING 2882 01:33:18,086 --> 01:33:19,121 EXACTLY THE WRONG MESSAGE TO THE 2883 01:33:19,121 --> 01:33:19,321 STAFF. 2884 01:33:19,321 --> 01:33:21,623 WE HAVE SEEP THAT. 2885 01:33:21,623 --> 01:33:21,990 SEEN THAT. 2886 01:33:21,990 --> 01:33:25,427 WE HAVE SEEN CASES WHERE A 2887 01:33:25,427 --> 01:33:26,294 PARTICULAR LABORATORY BASICALLY 2888 01:33:26,294 --> 01:33:27,596 TRAINS PEOPLE TO COMMIT 2889 01:33:27,596 --> 01:33:28,263 MISCONDUCT, AND THEN WHAT 2890 01:33:28,263 --> 01:33:29,965 HAPPENS IS, THEY THEN GO OUT, 2891 01:33:29,965 --> 01:33:31,767 THEY FORM THEIR OWN LABS, AND 2892 01:33:31,767 --> 01:33:34,236 THEY COMMIT MISCONDUCT. 2893 01:33:34,236 --> 01:33:36,938 AND THEY THEN TEACH THEIR STAFF 2894 01:33:36,938 --> 01:33:38,840 TO COMMIT MISCONDUCT, AND WE 2895 01:33:38,840 --> 01:33:39,941 HAVE SEEN THAT. 2896 01:33:39,941 --> 01:33:42,678 BUT THEN PERHAPS A MORE COMMON 2897 01:33:42,678 --> 01:33:44,846 SCENARIO IS WHERE THE P.I. IS 2898 01:33:44,846 --> 01:33:46,815 TOO BUSY OR SPREAD OUT TOO THIN 2899 01:33:46,815 --> 01:33:49,685 OR THE LABORATORY IS TOO BIG, 2900 01:33:49,685 --> 01:33:53,021 AND SO ALL YOU NEED IS ONE OR 2901 01:33:53,021 --> 01:33:56,024 TWO PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT DOING 2902 01:33:56,024 --> 01:33:57,592 THINGS RIGHT, AND YOU CAN GET 2903 01:33:57,592 --> 01:34:01,897 YOURSELF INTO A LOT OF TROUBLE. 2904 01:34:01,897 --> 01:34:03,131 THEN JUST TO POINT OUT REALLY 2905 01:34:03,131 --> 01:34:04,599 HOW SERIOUS MISCONDUCT IS, IT 2906 01:34:04,599 --> 01:34:05,567 GETS EVEN WORSE THAN THAT. 2907 01:34:05,567 --> 01:34:07,302 SO IT'S BEEN ESTIMATED THAT 2908 01:34:07,302 --> 01:34:08,270 HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE 2909 01:34:08,270 --> 01:34:09,838 HAVE BEEN ENROLLED IN CLINICAL 2910 01:34:09,838 --> 01:34:11,206 TRIALS THAT WERE BASED ON 2911 01:34:11,206 --> 01:34:11,773 FRAUDULENT DATA. 2912 01:34:11,773 --> 01:34:14,776 THERE'S SOME LITERATURE ON THAT. 2913 01:34:14,776 --> 01:34:17,879 BUT HERE, THESE ARE IN THIS CASE 2914 01:34:17,879 --> 01:34:18,880 CHILDREN, REAL PEOPLE WHO ARE 2915 01:34:18,880 --> 01:34:19,347 BEING AFFECTED. 2916 01:34:19,347 --> 01:34:20,649 THIS IS THE INFAMOUS PAPER THAT 2917 01:34:20,649 --> 01:34:23,385 WAS PUBLISHED IN THE LANCET IN 2918 01:34:23,385 --> 01:34:25,287 1998 CLAIMING THAT THERE WAS A 2919 01:34:25,287 --> 01:34:28,590 LINK BETWEEN THE COMMONLY USED 2920 01:34:28,590 --> 01:34:29,124 VACCINES AND AUTISM. 2921 01:34:29,124 --> 01:34:31,159 THIS WASN'T THE ONLY REASON WHY 2922 01:34:31,159 --> 01:34:32,160 PEOPLE STOPPED GIVING THEIR 2923 01:34:32,160 --> 01:34:33,328 CHILDREN MEASLES VACCINES. 2924 01:34:33,328 --> 01:34:36,431 WHEN I WENT TO MEDICAL SCHOOL, 2925 01:34:36,431 --> 01:34:38,033 AND I REALLY ENJOYED PEDIATRICS, 2926 01:34:38,033 --> 01:34:39,735 BUT I WAS TOLD DON'T WORRY ABOUT 2927 01:34:39,735 --> 01:34:40,936 MEASLES, YOU'LL NEVER SEE A CASE 2928 01:34:40,936 --> 01:34:42,304 OF MEASLES, YOU NEED TO READ 2929 01:34:42,304 --> 01:34:43,405 ABOUT IT IN THE BOOK AND THEY 2930 01:34:43,405 --> 01:34:44,606 MAY ASK YOU A FEW QUESTIONS ON 2931 01:34:44,606 --> 01:34:47,642 THE EXAM, BUT YOU'LL NEVER SEE A 2932 01:34:47,642 --> 01:34:48,610 CASE. 2933 01:34:48,610 --> 01:34:50,979 AND, WELL, THAT WAS WRONG. 2934 01:34:50,979 --> 01:34:52,848 AND THERE HAVE BEEN NOW 2935 01:34:52,848 --> 01:34:57,152 OUTBREAKS OF MEASLES AND IT IS 2936 01:34:57,152 --> 01:34:58,887 IN PART, NOT THE WHOLE STORY BUT 2937 01:34:58,887 --> 01:35:01,790 IT IS IN PART RELATED TO AN ACT 2938 01:35:01,790 --> 01:35:02,824 OF SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT. 2939 01:35:02,824 --> 01:35:04,359 SO WE'VE TALKED ABOUT 2940 01:35:04,359 --> 01:35:05,694 FABRICATION, WE'VE TALKED ABOUT 2941 01:35:05,694 --> 01:35:06,261 FALSIFICATION, WE'VE TALKED 2942 01:35:06,261 --> 01:35:07,796 ABOUT SOME OF THE CONSEQUENCES 2943 01:35:07,796 --> 01:35:08,363 OF THOSE. 2944 01:35:08,363 --> 01:35:10,465 THIS IS THE THIRD KIND OF 2945 01:35:10,465 --> 01:35:12,167 CLASSIC MISCONDUCT, AND THAT'S 2946 01:35:12,167 --> 01:35:13,068 PLAGIARISM, THIS IS ANOTHER CASE 2947 01:35:13,068 --> 01:35:17,172 WE WERE INVOLVED WITH WHERE A 2948 01:35:17,172 --> 01:35:18,907 SCIENTIST MANAGED TO GET HOLD OF 2949 01:35:18,907 --> 01:35:22,210 A GRANT THAT UNDERWENT PEER 2950 01:35:22,210 --> 01:35:24,312 REVIEW, IT WAS A RATHER COMPLEX 2951 01:35:24,312 --> 01:35:25,380 SERIES OF EVENTS. 2952 01:35:25,380 --> 01:35:26,882 AND THEN WHAT HE DID WAS HE JUST 2953 01:35:26,882 --> 01:35:28,150 COPIED THE GRANT, PUT IT UNDER 2954 01:35:28,150 --> 01:35:28,817 HIS OWN NAME. 2955 01:35:28,817 --> 01:35:30,051 THE PROBLEM WAS, IS THAT THE 2956 01:35:30,051 --> 01:35:31,353 PERSON WHO REVIEWED THE GRANT 2957 01:35:31,353 --> 01:35:32,454 WAS THE PERSON WHO WROTE THE 2958 01:35:32,454 --> 01:35:34,489 ORIGINAL GRANT. 2959 01:35:34,489 --> 01:35:35,891 [LAUGHTER] 2960 01:35:35,891 --> 01:35:37,392 I THINK THIS IS AN OUTSTANDING 2961 01:35:37,392 --> 01:35:39,461 GRANT ACTUALLY! 2962 01:35:39,461 --> 01:35:41,530 AND ANYWAY, THIS WAS A LONG, 2963 01:35:41,530 --> 01:35:43,598 DRAWN-OUT CASE, IT WENT TO AN 2964 01:35:43,598 --> 01:35:44,766 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGE, BUT 2965 01:35:44,766 --> 01:35:46,368 THE GOVERNMENT EVENTUALLY DID 2966 01:35:46,368 --> 01:35:47,402 WIN ITS CASE. 2967 01:35:47,402 --> 01:35:49,271 ALL RIGHT. 2968 01:35:49,271 --> 01:35:51,139 NOW, I'VE TOLD YOU A BUNCH OF 2969 01:35:51,139 --> 01:35:51,506 STORIES. 2970 01:35:51,506 --> 01:35:52,107 HOW COMMON IS THIS? 2971 01:35:52,107 --> 01:35:53,375 IT IS REMARKABLY COMMON. 2972 01:35:53,375 --> 01:35:55,210 IT IS MUCH MORE COMMON THAN WE 2973 01:35:55,210 --> 01:35:56,611 WOULD LIKE TO THINK. 2974 01:35:56,611 --> 01:36:03,919 THIS IS A CRITICAL PAPER 2975 01:36:03,919 --> 01:36:06,688 PUBLISHED BY ELIZABETH BIK. 2976 01:36:06,688 --> 01:36:08,523 SHE WENT THROUGH 20,000 PAPERS, 2977 01:36:08,523 --> 01:36:09,524 SHE FOUND 4% THAT HAD 2978 01:36:09,524 --> 01:36:10,125 PROBLEMATIC FIGURES. 2979 01:36:10,125 --> 01:36:11,793 THESE ARE PAPERS THAT HAD 2980 01:36:11,793 --> 01:36:13,395 IMAGING FIGURES, AND AT LEAST 2981 01:36:13,395 --> 01:36:16,131 HALF OF THEM SUGGESTED SOME KIND 2982 01:36:16,131 --> 01:36:17,432 OF DELIBERATE MANIPULATION. 2983 01:36:17,432 --> 01:36:19,267 SO THAT'S SUGGESTING A 2% 2984 01:36:19,267 --> 01:36:20,202 PREVALENCE RATE. 2985 01:36:20,202 --> 01:36:21,636 LET'S IMAGINE THAT THAT'S OFF BY 2986 01:36:21,636 --> 01:36:23,371 A FACTOR OF 4. 2987 01:36:23,371 --> 01:36:25,006 SO THEN WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A 2988 01:36:25,006 --> 01:36:25,974 .5% PREVALENCE RATE. 2989 01:36:25,974 --> 01:36:27,409 THAT'S REALLY HIGH. 2990 01:36:27,409 --> 01:36:28,376 IF YOU THINK ABOUT IT. 2991 01:36:28,376 --> 01:36:29,845 I MEAN, ONE WAY OF THINKING 2992 01:36:29,845 --> 01:36:32,147 ABOUT IT IS THAT SOMEBODY TOLD 2993 01:36:32,147 --> 01:36:34,649 ME THAT MY AIRPLANE HAD A 99.5% 2994 01:36:34,649 --> 01:36:36,818 CHANCE OF LANDING SUCCESSFULLY, 2995 01:36:36,818 --> 01:36:40,355 I'M NOT GETTING ON BOARD. 2996 01:36:40,355 --> 01:36:42,490 SO HERE'S ANOTHER STUDY, IT'S A 2997 01:36:42,490 --> 01:36:47,596 CLASSIC STUDY BY FANELLI, WHERE 2998 01:36:47,596 --> 01:36:53,768 SHE PULSHE POOLED DATA FROM A NF 2999 01:36:53,768 --> 01:36:54,536 META-ANALYSES. 3000 01:36:54,536 --> 01:36:56,104 2% OF SCIENTISTS ADMITTED THAT 3001 01:36:56,104 --> 01:36:57,439 AT SOME POINT IN THEIR CAREER, 3002 01:36:57,439 --> 01:36:59,307 THEY HAD FALSIFIED, FABRICATED 3003 01:36:59,307 --> 01:37:00,976 OR DONE SOMETHING HIGHLY 3004 01:37:00,976 --> 01:37:02,010 PROBLEMATIC, AND 14% OF 3005 01:37:02,010 --> 01:37:02,878 SCIENTISTS WERE AWARE OF 3006 01:37:02,878 --> 01:37:04,012 SOMEBODY ELSE DOING SOMETHING 3007 01:37:04,012 --> 01:37:04,846 LIKE THIS. 3008 01:37:04,846 --> 01:37:08,683 SO THIS IS NOT -- THIS IS NOT A 3009 01:37:08,683 --> 01:37:09,451 RARE PHENOMENON. 3010 01:37:09,451 --> 01:37:10,819 ONE WAY YOU CAN GET AN INSIGHT 3011 01:37:10,819 --> 01:37:12,520 INTO THIS IS BY LOOKING AT 3012 01:37:12,520 --> 01:37:12,821 RETRACTIONS. 3013 01:37:12,821 --> 01:37:14,489 HOW MANY OF YOU LOOK AT 3014 01:37:14,489 --> 01:37:16,057 RETRACTION WATCH? 3015 01:37:16,057 --> 01:37:17,225 IT'S LIKE ONE OF MY FAVORITE 3016 01:37:17,225 --> 01:37:19,361 WEBSITES. 3017 01:37:19,361 --> 01:37:20,962 ESPECIALLY WHEN I'M HAVING A BAD 3018 01:37:20,962 --> 01:37:22,130 DAY, BECAUSE I CAN READ IT AND 3019 01:37:22,130 --> 01:37:23,531 SAY, WELL, SOMEBODY ELSE IS 3020 01:37:23,531 --> 01:37:25,033 HAVING A MUCH WORSE DAY THAN I 3021 01:37:25,033 --> 01:37:27,068 AM. 3022 01:37:27,068 --> 01:37:29,237 SO ANYWAY, THIS IS ONE WAY OF 3023 01:37:29,237 --> 01:37:31,439 LOOKING INTO IT, AND THESE ARE 3024 01:37:31,439 --> 01:37:33,675 SOME DATA, THESE DATA ARE A BIT 3025 01:37:33,675 --> 01:37:35,644 OLD, BUT NONETHELESS, THE 3026 01:37:35,644 --> 01:37:37,579 MESSAGE IS THE SAME, WHICH IS 3027 01:37:37,579 --> 01:37:39,080 THAT A LARGE CHUNK OF 3028 01:37:39,080 --> 01:37:40,415 RETRACTIONS ARE DUE TO SOME FORM 3029 01:37:40,415 --> 01:37:41,316 OF MISCONDUCT. 3030 01:37:41,316 --> 01:37:41,716 NOT ALL. 3031 01:37:41,716 --> 01:37:44,286 I MEAN, SOME RETRACTIONS ARE DUE 3032 01:37:44,286 --> 01:37:45,620 TO HONEST ERRORS, AND THAT'S 3033 01:37:45,620 --> 01:37:46,154 GOOD. 3034 01:37:46,154 --> 01:37:47,589 THAT'S A GOOD THING WHEN THAT 3035 01:37:47,589 --> 01:37:48,990 TYPE OF THING HAPPENS. 3036 01:37:48,990 --> 01:37:52,994 BUT IT'S A VERY LARGE CHUNK. 3037 01:37:52,994 --> 01:37:54,596 AND THERE CAN BE A LOT MORE 3038 01:37:54,596 --> 01:37:55,096 RETRACTIONS. 3039 01:37:55,096 --> 01:37:57,065 NOW PART OF IT IS THERE ARE A 3040 01:37:57,065 --> 01:37:58,600 LOT MORE RETRACTIONS BECAUSE 3041 01:37:58,600 --> 01:38:00,068 PERHAPS MISCONDUCT IS BEING 3042 01:38:00,068 --> 01:38:01,736 DETECTED MORE FREQUENTLY, 3043 01:38:01,736 --> 01:38:03,605 PERHAPS THERE IS MORE MISCONDUCT 3044 01:38:03,605 --> 01:38:08,810 ACTUALLY GOING ON. 3045 01:38:08,810 --> 01:38:10,578 AND THEN ANOTHER PHENOMENON, 3046 01:38:10,578 --> 01:38:12,113 THIS CAME OUT LAST DECEMBER, ARE 3047 01:38:12,113 --> 01:38:14,282 THESE PREDATORY JOURNALS OR -- I 3048 01:38:14,282 --> 01:38:16,117 DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU WANT TO CALL 3049 01:38:16,117 --> 01:38:16,985 THEM, FRAUDULENT JOURNALS AND 3050 01:38:16,985 --> 01:38:18,787 PAPER MILLS, AND THEY BASICALLY 3051 01:38:18,787 --> 01:38:23,124 PUBLISH MASSIVE AMOUNTS OF FAKE 3052 01:38:23,124 --> 01:38:23,625 PAPERS. 3053 01:38:23,625 --> 01:38:27,095 NOT SO MUCH IN THE UNITED 3054 01:38:27,095 --> 01:38:29,631 STATES, BUT IN OTHER COUNTRIES, 3055 01:38:29,631 --> 01:38:34,235 SAUDI ARABIA, CHINA, TURKEY, AND 3056 01:38:34,235 --> 01:38:38,273 IT IS A BIG PROBLEM BECAUSE SOME 3057 01:38:38,273 --> 01:38:40,342 OF THESE PAPERS GET CITED. 3058 01:38:40,342 --> 01:38:44,245 THERE'S A HUGE NUMBER OF 3059 01:38:44,245 --> 01:38:45,714 RETRACTIONS BECAUSE OF PROBLEMS 3060 01:38:45,714 --> 01:38:47,782 AT HINDAWI. 3061 01:38:47,782 --> 01:38:50,618 A PAPER I SAW THE OTHER DAY 3062 01:38:50,618 --> 01:38:54,422 CITED WILEY, THEY HAD TO RETRACT 3063 01:38:54,422 --> 01:39:01,196 11,000 PAPERS IN 19 JOURNALS. 3064 01:39:01,196 --> 01:39:03,531 SO ANOTHER KEY THING IS THAT WE 3065 01:39:03,531 --> 01:39:05,233 HAVE TO THINK OF MISCONDUCT AS 3066 01:39:05,233 --> 01:39:07,969 NOT ONLY A SERIES OF ISOLATED 3067 01:39:07,969 --> 01:39:11,439 EVENTS AND NOT A SET OF ISOLATED 3068 01:39:11,439 --> 01:39:14,042 EVENTS THAT DON'T HAVE 3069 01:39:14,042 --> 01:39:15,343 CONSEQUENCES, BUT IT IS MORE 3070 01:39:15,343 --> 01:39:18,513 COMMON THAN WE LIKE TO THINK AND 3071 01:39:18,513 --> 01:39:24,452 IN SOME -- THIS IS AN ARTICLE 3072 01:39:24,452 --> 01:39:26,454 THAT CAME OUT IN PLOS. 3073 01:39:26,454 --> 01:39:27,422 IT TALKED ABOUT DIFFERENT WAYS 3074 01:39:27,422 --> 01:39:29,758 OF MEASURING THE CLIMATE OF 3075 01:39:29,758 --> 01:39:30,792 INTEGRITY, BUT I'M PULLING IT 3076 01:39:30,792 --> 01:39:33,661 OUT HERE BECAUSE OF COMMENTS 3077 01:39:33,661 --> 01:39:34,829 THAT THESE AUTHORS MAKE. 3078 01:39:34,829 --> 01:39:36,498 BREACHES OF RESEARCH INTEGRITY 3079 01:39:36,498 --> 01:39:37,632 HAVE SHOCKED THE ACADEMIC 3080 01:39:37,632 --> 01:39:37,899 COMMUNITY. 3081 01:39:37,899 --> 01:39:39,467 THEY CONTINUE TO. 3082 01:39:39,467 --> 01:39:40,335 INITIALLY EXPLANATIONS WERE 3083 01:39:40,335 --> 01:39:41,469 SOUGHT AT THE LEVEL OF 3084 01:39:41,469 --> 01:39:43,138 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCHERS BUT OVER 3085 01:39:43,138 --> 01:39:44,873 TIME, INCREASED RECOGNITION 3086 01:39:44,873 --> 01:39:45,673 EMERGED OF THE IMPORTANT ROLE 3087 01:39:45,673 --> 01:39:47,709 THAT RESEARCH INTEGRITY CLIMATE 3088 01:39:47,709 --> 01:39:48,476 MAY PLAY. 3089 01:39:48,476 --> 01:39:52,781 I HAVE TO SAY, OUR OFFICE, WE 3090 01:39:52,781 --> 01:39:54,315 HANDLE HUNDREDS OF PROBLEMS 3091 01:39:54,315 --> 01:39:55,850 EVERY YEAR, AND WE SEE THAT 3092 01:39:55,850 --> 01:39:58,787 THERE ARE INSTITUTIONS THAT HAVE 3093 01:39:58,787 --> 01:39:59,654 STRONGER ENVIRONMENTS THAN 3094 01:39:59,654 --> 01:39:59,888 OTHERS. 3095 01:39:59,888 --> 01:40:02,357 IN FACT, HERE'S OUR DATA. 3096 01:40:02,357 --> 01:40:04,492 SO THIS SHOWS -- IT GOES FROM -- 3097 01:40:04,492 --> 01:40:09,697 THESE ARE CALENDAR YEARS, FROM 3098 01:40:09,697 --> 01:40:11,132 2013 ON THE LEFT, 2024 ON THE 3099 01:40:11,132 --> 01:40:11,433 RIGHT. 3100 01:40:11,433 --> 01:40:14,936 THESE ARE NUMB NUMBERS OF VARIOS 3101 01:40:14,936 --> 01:40:17,205 TYPES OF MISCONDUCT CASES WE'RE 3102 01:40:17,205 --> 01:40:18,139 HANDLING IN OUR OFFICE. 3103 01:40:18,139 --> 01:40:20,608 THIS IS A BUMPER CROP. 3104 01:40:20,608 --> 01:40:21,509 THIS HAS BEEN A GROWING 3105 01:40:21,509 --> 01:40:22,010 BUSINESS. 3106 01:40:22,010 --> 01:40:23,745 WE HANDLE ABOUT 500 TO 600 3107 01:40:23,745 --> 01:40:25,513 DIFFERENT KINDS OF ALLEGATIONS A 3108 01:40:25,513 --> 01:40:26,581 YEAR. 3109 01:40:26,581 --> 01:40:27,882 AND IF YOU LOOK ON THE BOTTOM, 3110 01:40:27,882 --> 01:40:29,717 THE BOTTOM PURPLE, THOSE ARE THE 3111 01:40:29,717 --> 01:40:30,985 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT CASES. 3112 01:40:30,985 --> 01:40:34,255 LAST YEAR WE HANDLED 200, AND AS 3113 01:40:34,255 --> 01:40:38,293 OF MAY TENTH, 2024, WE'VE 3114 01:40:38,293 --> 01:40:39,060 HANDLED 60. 3115 01:40:39,060 --> 01:40:40,795 SO WE'RE GOING TO HAVE PROBABLY 3116 01:40:40,795 --> 01:40:42,730 120 TO 150 OR MAYBE EVEN MORE 3117 01:40:42,730 --> 01:40:46,501 CASES OF MISCONDUCT THIS YEAR. 3118 01:40:46,501 --> 01:40:50,839 ONE CRITICAL NIH POINT IS THAT 3119 01:40:50,839 --> 01:40:52,173 WHEN THERE ARE CONCERNS ABOUT 3120 01:40:52,173 --> 01:40:53,675 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, LET'S SAY 3121 01:40:53,675 --> 01:40:54,909 AN INVESTIGATION IS BEING 3122 01:40:54,909 --> 01:40:56,044 LAUNCHED, WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT 3123 01:40:56,044 --> 01:40:56,377 IT. 3124 01:40:56,377 --> 01:40:58,680 IT'S NOT JUST ORI. 3125 01:40:58,680 --> 01:41:00,081 AND THE REASON WHY WE NEED TO 3126 01:41:00,081 --> 01:41:01,749 KNOW ABOUT IT IS BECAUSE EVEN IF 3127 01:41:01,749 --> 01:41:04,719 NO FINDING HAS BEEN MADE, THERE 3128 01:41:04,719 --> 01:41:06,187 MAY BE STEWARDSHIP ISSUES. 3129 01:41:06,187 --> 01:41:07,188 THIS IS A CASE THAT HAS RECEIVED 3130 01:41:07,188 --> 01:41:08,490 A FAIR AMOUNT OF PRESS. 3131 01:41:08,490 --> 01:41:10,191 THERE'S CONCERNS ABOUT 3132 01:41:10,191 --> 01:41:11,793 MISCONDUCT INVOLVING A 3133 01:41:11,793 --> 01:41:13,094 PARTICULAR SCIENTIST. 3134 01:41:13,094 --> 01:41:14,829 THAT'S NO LONGER GOING. 3135 01:41:14,829 --> 01:41:18,533 BUT THE PROBLEM IS THAT THE 3136 01:41:18,533 --> 01:41:22,270 QUESTIONS, STUDY, BASIC SCIENCE 3137 01:41:22,270 --> 01:41:23,972 STUDIES INFORMED A VERY LARGE 3138 01:41:23,972 --> 01:41:24,939 CLINICAL TRIAL THAT NINDS WAS 3139 01:41:24,939 --> 01:41:26,808 ABOUT TO LAUNCH. 3140 01:41:26,808 --> 01:41:28,409 AND SO NINDS HAS DECIDED TO PUT 3141 01:41:28,409 --> 01:41:29,410 THE TRIAL ON HOLD. 3142 01:41:29,410 --> 01:41:31,946 NOW IT MAY TURN OUT EVERYTHING 3143 01:41:31,946 --> 01:41:34,349 WAS FINE AND THEY'LL GO AHEAD 3144 01:41:34,349 --> 01:41:36,084 AND DO THE TRIAL BUT THIS IS NOT 3145 01:41:36,084 --> 01:41:37,152 AN ISOLATED CASE. 3146 01:41:37,152 --> 01:41:40,088 WE'VE SEEN CASES LIKE THIS WHERE 3147 01:41:40,088 --> 01:41:41,122 KNOWING ABOUT THE FACT THAT 3148 01:41:41,122 --> 01:41:42,490 THERE ARE SERIOUS CONCERNS ABOUT 3149 01:41:42,490 --> 01:41:43,691 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT MAY AFFECT 3150 01:41:43,691 --> 01:41:45,760 THE WAY WE OVERSEE GRANTS. 3151 01:41:45,760 --> 01:41:47,061 ANOTHER BIG PROBLEM WITH FACE AT 3152 01:41:47,061 --> 01:41:49,063 NIH IS PEOPLE MOVING FROM ONE 3153 01:41:49,063 --> 01:41:50,932 INSTITUTION TO ANOTHER. 3154 01:41:50,932 --> 01:41:53,968 AND THEY THINK THAT BY MOVING TO 3155 01:41:53,968 --> 01:41:55,436 ONE INSTITUTION TO ANOTHER THEY 3156 01:41:55,436 --> 01:41:56,638 CAN ESCAPE THEIR PAST TROUBLES. 3157 01:41:56,638 --> 01:41:58,940 THIS IS A CASE THAT INVOLVED A 3158 01:41:58,940 --> 01:42:01,476 SCIENTIST AT GEORGETOWN, AND HE 3159 01:42:01,476 --> 01:42:03,211 WAS FOUND TO HAVE COMMITTED 3160 01:42:03,211 --> 01:42:04,579 SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT THERE, AND 3161 01:42:04,579 --> 01:42:08,516 SO THEN HE WENT TO EMORY, AND WE 3162 01:42:08,516 --> 01:42:11,519 FOUND OUT ABOUT THE PROBLEM AT 3163 01:42:11,519 --> 01:42:12,787 GEORGETOWN, BUT THE PEOPLE AT 3164 01:42:12,787 --> 01:42:13,888 EMORY WERE COMPLETELY IN THE 3165 01:42:13,888 --> 01:42:14,122 DARK. 3166 01:42:14,122 --> 01:42:15,623 THEY KNEW NOTHING ABOUT THIS. 3167 01:42:15,623 --> 01:42:19,827 SO WHAT WE DID WAS WE SHARED THE 3168 01:42:19,827 --> 01:42:22,497 FINDINGS FROM GEORGETOWN WITH 3169 01:42:22,497 --> 01:42:24,065 THE LEADERSHIP AT EMORY. 3170 01:42:24,065 --> 01:42:25,567 EMORY HANDLED THIS PERFECTLY. 3171 01:42:25,567 --> 01:42:27,101 AND SO WHAT EMORY -- THIS PERSON 3172 01:42:27,101 --> 01:42:28,836 HAD BEEN AT EMORY NOW FOR ABOUT 3173 01:42:28,836 --> 01:42:30,171 A YEAR AT THE TIME THAT WE 3174 01:42:30,171 --> 01:42:33,474 INFORMED THEM, AND SO WHAT EMORY 3175 01:42:33,474 --> 01:42:35,877 DID WAS THEY IMPOUNDED ALL THIS 3176 01:42:35,877 --> 01:42:36,778 EQUIPMENT AND LOOKED TO SEE WHAT 3177 01:42:36,778 --> 01:42:38,313 WAS GOING ON, AND IT TURNED OUT 3178 01:42:38,313 --> 01:42:39,747 THIS GUY HAD BEEN FALSIFYING 3179 01:42:39,747 --> 01:42:41,216 DATA FROM PRACTICALLY THE FIRST 3180 01:42:41,216 --> 01:42:42,584 DAY HE SHOWED UP AT EMORY. 3181 01:42:42,584 --> 01:42:45,153 SO WE SAVED EMORY A HUGE 3182 01:42:45,153 --> 01:42:47,055 SCANDAL, BECAUSE THERE WERE NO 3183 01:42:47,055 --> 01:42:49,857 GRANTS AND NO PUBLICATIONS, AND 3184 01:42:49,857 --> 01:42:53,027 ORI THEN ACTED ON THIS. 3185 01:42:53,027 --> 01:42:54,162 WHAT'S NEW IN THE WORLD OF 3186 01:42:54,162 --> 01:42:54,896 MISCONDUCT? 3187 01:42:54,896 --> 01:42:55,897 WELL, LIKE WHAT'S NEW IN THE 3188 01:42:55,897 --> 01:42:58,800 WORLD OF EVERYTHING IS A.I. 3189 01:42:58,800 --> 01:43:00,401 AND WE'RE VERY WORRIED ABOUT 3190 01:43:00,401 --> 01:43:02,103 THIS, BECAUSE WHY MANIPULATE AN 3191 01:43:02,103 --> 01:43:04,272 IMAGE WHEN YOU CAN CREATE ONE? 3192 01:43:04,272 --> 01:43:07,742 AND SO THAT IS A BIG SOURCE OF 3193 01:43:07,742 --> 01:43:08,243 WORRY. 3194 01:43:08,243 --> 01:43:09,577 SO LET ME CLOSE BY SAYING WE 3195 01:43:09,577 --> 01:43:11,112 TALKED ABOUT CLASSIC FORMS OF 3196 01:43:11,112 --> 01:43:12,213 MISCONDUCT, FABRICATION, 3197 01:43:12,213 --> 01:43:13,481 FALSIFICATION AND PLAGIARISM. 3198 01:43:13,481 --> 01:43:15,550 WE NEED TO THINK OF THIS AS 3199 01:43:15,550 --> 01:43:18,920 BEYOND ISOLATED EVENTS OF 3200 01:43:18,920 --> 01:43:19,721 INDIVIDUALS SCIENTISTS, ALTHOUGH 3201 01:43:19,721 --> 01:43:20,922 THEY DO HAVE TO BE HELD 3202 01:43:20,922 --> 01:43:21,222 ACCOUNTABLE. 3203 01:43:21,222 --> 01:43:22,190 THERE ARE CONSEQUENCES, AND 3204 01:43:22,190 --> 01:43:23,424 THERE ARE CONSEQUENCES FOR LOTS 3205 01:43:23,424 --> 01:43:25,393 OF PEOPLE INCLUDING PATIENTS. 3206 01:43:25,393 --> 01:43:26,828 IT'S NOT AS UNCOMMON AS WE WOULD 3207 01:43:26,828 --> 01:43:29,097 LIKE TO THINK IT IS. 3208 01:43:29,097 --> 01:43:31,232 THERE ARE INCREASING CONCERNS 3209 01:43:31,232 --> 01:43:34,636 ABOUT THIS MATTER, AND I SHARED 3210 01:43:34,636 --> 01:43:36,337 WITH YOU A FEW OF OUR NIH 3211 01:43:36,337 --> 01:43:36,904 PERSPECTIVES. 3212 01:43:36,904 --> 01:43:37,605 SO HOPE YOU FOUND THIS 3213 01:43:37,605 --> 01:43:38,606 INTERESTING. 3214 01:43:38,606 --> 01:43:39,841 [APPLAUSE] 3215 01:43:39,841 --> 01:43:46,381 >> THANK YOU, MIKE. 3216 01:43:46,381 --> 01:43:47,915 NOW IT TIME FOR QUESTIONS FOR 3217 01:43:47,915 --> 01:43:56,357 MIKE. 3218 01:43:56,357 --> 01:43:58,226 GO AHEAD, RON. 3219 01:43:58,226 --> 01:44:02,163 >> FANTASTIC PRESENTATION. 3220 01:44:02,163 --> 01:44:05,266 I'M EDITOR FOR JOURNAL AMERICAN 3221 01:44:05,266 --> 01:44:06,634 DIAGNOSTICS AND WE'RE LOOKING 3222 01:44:06,634 --> 01:44:08,536 INTO THE A.I. ASPECTS IN HEAVY 3223 01:44:08,536 --> 01:44:08,870 DETAIL. 3224 01:44:08,870 --> 01:44:11,372 WE ARE PUBLISHED BY ELSINGER, 3225 01:44:11,372 --> 01:44:12,940 AND I HAVE TO ADMIT, THE NUMBER 3226 01:44:12,940 --> 01:44:16,177 OF ODDITIES THAT COME THROUGH IS 3227 01:44:16,177 --> 01:44:17,912 STAGGERING. 3228 01:44:17,912 --> 01:44:20,214 I DON'T KNOW IF YOU FOLKS HAVE 3229 01:44:20,214 --> 01:44:22,050 BEEN AWARE, BUT THERE'S A -- I 3230 01:44:22,050 --> 01:44:25,420 THINK A MATERIALS SCIENCE 3231 01:44:25,420 --> 01:44:29,357 ARTICLE THAT ACTUALLY IN THE 3232 01:44:29,357 --> 01:44:30,958 INTRODUCTION GOES -- THIS MIGHT 3233 01:44:30,958 --> 01:44:32,060 BE ONE POSSIBLE ANSWER, AND THEN 3234 01:44:32,060 --> 01:44:33,761 IT CONTINUES ON. 3235 01:44:33,761 --> 01:44:39,500 THESE PEOPLE HAVE ACTUALLY COPY 3236 01:44:39,500 --> 01:44:42,937 PASTED CHATGPT GAR DAMAGE AND GY 3237 01:44:42,937 --> 01:44:44,405 PUT IT INTO THE ARTICLE. 3238 01:44:44,405 --> 01:44:46,507 AND IT GOT PEER REVIEWED, IT GOT 3239 01:44:46,507 --> 01:44:47,875 ACCEPTED AND IT'S PUBLISHED. 3240 01:44:47,875 --> 01:44:49,243 ONE QUESTION I LIKE TO ASK OF 3241 01:44:49,243 --> 01:44:55,216 YOU IS, IF ONE -- ONE MIGHT HAVE 3242 01:44:55,216 --> 01:44:57,819 PROBLEMS WITH ONE'S LANGUAGE. 3243 01:44:57,819 --> 01:45:00,421 MIGHT BE A FOREIGNER WHO DOES 3244 01:45:00,421 --> 01:45:01,923 NOT UNDERSTAND ENGLISH AS WELL, 3245 01:45:01,923 --> 01:45:03,424 IS NOT AS FLUENT. 3246 01:45:03,424 --> 01:45:05,593 THEY MIGHT POLISH THEIR LANGUAGE 3247 01:45:05,593 --> 01:45:07,595 THROUGH CHATGPT. 3248 01:45:07,595 --> 01:45:09,263 MANY JOURNALS DON'T HAVE AN 3249 01:45:09,263 --> 01:45:11,699 ISSUE WITH THAT. 3250 01:45:11,699 --> 01:45:13,067 AS LONG AS SOMEBODY REVIEWS AND 3251 01:45:13,067 --> 01:45:15,002 ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THEY HAVE GONE 3252 01:45:15,002 --> 01:45:19,440 THROUGH THAT KIND OF ASSISTA A . 3253 01:45:19,440 --> 01:45:21,075 THEN AGAIN THERE'S A COLLECTIVE 3254 01:45:21,075 --> 01:45:22,110 OF INDIVIDUALS THAT ASSUME I 3255 01:45:22,110 --> 01:45:23,678 HAVE MY DATA, I CAN'T WRITE 3256 01:45:23,678 --> 01:45:26,280 THIS, I'M TOO BUSY, LET ME GIVE 3257 01:45:26,280 --> 01:45:28,349 TO CHATGPT, AND WE'LL COLLECT 3258 01:45:28,349 --> 01:45:30,184 AND MAKE SOME KIND OF A 3259 01:45:30,184 --> 01:45:30,852 MONSTROSITY. 3260 01:45:30,852 --> 01:45:32,086 I'M ASSUMING THAT IT'S CORRECT, 3261 01:45:32,086 --> 01:45:35,990 AND I DUMP IT FOR PUBLICATION. 3262 01:45:35,990 --> 01:45:37,759 THAT CERTAINLY IS NOT THE BEST 3263 01:45:37,759 --> 01:45:39,927 WAY OF LOOKING AT IT, BUT THEN 3264 01:45:39,927 --> 01:45:41,262 AGAIN, WHO REALLY IS THE AUTHOR 3265 01:45:41,262 --> 01:45:43,431 AT THAT POINT? 3266 01:45:43,431 --> 01:45:46,567 IS IT THE PERSON THEORETICALLY 3267 01:45:46,567 --> 01:45:48,970 DROPPING THIS INFORMATION INTO 3268 01:45:48,970 --> 01:45:50,505 CHATGPT, IS IT THE COLLABORATIVE 3269 01:45:50,505 --> 01:45:53,007 THAT DEVELOPED CHATGPT, AND 3270 01:45:53,007 --> 01:45:53,808 THAT'S CERTAINLY ONE THING THAT 3271 01:45:53,808 --> 01:45:55,143 SOME OF THE PUBLISHERS ARE 3272 01:45:55,143 --> 01:45:57,945 REALLY LOOKING AT, HOW DO WE 3273 01:45:57,945 --> 01:46:00,348 ACTUALLY THROTTLE THIS IDEA, AND 3274 01:46:00,348 --> 01:46:03,251 LET IT JUST GO AWAY? 3275 01:46:03,251 --> 01:46:04,218 BUT I'D BE CURIOUS WHAT YOUR 3276 01:46:04,218 --> 01:46:06,421 THOUGHTS ARE ON THAT KIND OF A 3277 01:46:06,421 --> 01:46:08,556 VIEW. 3278 01:46:08,556 --> 01:46:11,192 >> SO WE'RE VERY MUCH AWARE OF 3279 01:46:11,192 --> 01:46:13,394 WHAT SOME OF THE JOURNALS ARE 3280 01:46:13,394 --> 01:46:14,595 THINKING AND WE'VE MET WITH SOME 3281 01:46:14,595 --> 01:46:18,099 OF THE EDITORS. 3282 01:46:18,099 --> 01:46:19,734 QUESTIONS HAVE BEEN RAISED ABOUT 3283 01:46:19,734 --> 01:46:21,436 USING GENERATIVE A.I. FOR 3284 01:46:21,436 --> 01:46:22,837 WRITING GRANT APPLICATIONS, AND 3285 01:46:22,837 --> 01:46:24,872 I REMEMBER THERE WAS A STORY 3286 01:46:24,872 --> 01:46:27,208 THAT CAME OUT NOT THAT LONG AGO 3287 01:46:27,208 --> 01:46:28,476 ABOUT HOW SOMEBODY SAVED AN 3288 01:46:28,476 --> 01:46:30,878 ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF TIME BY 3289 01:46:30,878 --> 01:46:32,246 HAVING CHATGPT WRITE THEIR GRANT 3290 01:46:32,246 --> 01:46:33,147 APPLICATION. 3291 01:46:33,147 --> 01:46:34,949 SO UNLIKE JOURNALS, WE ARE 3292 01:46:34,949 --> 01:46:37,185 AGNOSTIC AS TO WHO ACTUALLY 3293 01:46:37,185 --> 01:46:38,753 WRITES THE RESEARCH PLAN. 3294 01:46:38,753 --> 01:46:41,055 WE KNOW THAT THE P.I.s DON'T 3295 01:46:41,055 --> 01:46:42,590 ALWAYS WRITE THE RESEARCH PLAN. 3296 01:46:42,590 --> 01:46:44,859 WE ARE NOT AGNOSTIC AS TO WHO 3297 01:46:44,859 --> 01:46:46,194 TAKES RESPONSIBILITY FOR WHAT'S 3298 01:46:46,194 --> 01:46:47,328 IN THE GRANT. 3299 01:46:47,328 --> 01:46:48,596 THE INSTITUTION MUST TAKE 3300 01:46:48,596 --> 01:46:49,764 RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE GRANT 3301 01:46:49,764 --> 01:46:51,065 THAT WOULD INCLUDE THE P.I. 3302 01:46:51,065 --> 01:46:54,735 SO WHAT WE HAVE SAID IS THAT 3303 01:46:54,735 --> 01:46:56,604 WHILE WE ARE AGNOSTIC AS TO 3304 01:46:56,604 --> 01:46:57,738 WHETHER OR NOT YOU USED TOOLS 3305 01:46:57,738 --> 01:47:00,541 LIKE THIS FOR WRITING A GRANT 3306 01:47:00,541 --> 01:47:01,843 APPLICATION, IF THERE IS 3307 01:47:01,843 --> 01:47:04,545 FABRICATED MATERIAL IN THERE OR 3308 01:47:04,545 --> 01:47:08,115 THERE'S PLAGIARISM, WE'LL GO 3309 01:47:08,115 --> 01:47:08,583 AFTER YOU. 3310 01:47:08,583 --> 01:47:10,051 WE'RE GOING TO HANDLE THIS NO 3311 01:47:10,051 --> 01:47:12,987 DIFFERENT THAN ANY OTHER KIND OF 3312 01:47:12,987 --> 01:47:14,755 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT CASE. 3313 01:47:14,755 --> 01:47:16,224 WHAT WE'RE REALLY WORRIED ABOUT 3314 01:47:16,224 --> 01:47:17,258 ALSO -- WELL, WE'RE VERY WORRIED 3315 01:47:17,258 --> 01:47:18,826 ABOUT THAT, BUT WHAT WE'RE ALSO 3316 01:47:18,826 --> 01:47:21,362 WORRIED ABOUT IS THAT PEOPLE 3317 01:47:21,362 --> 01:47:23,164 WILL PRODUCE THESE PRELIMINARY 3318 01:47:23,164 --> 01:47:27,201 DATA IMAGES OR PLOTS OR 3319 01:47:27,201 --> 01:47:29,470 GRAPHICS, AND THEY MAY LOOK 3320 01:47:29,470 --> 01:47:30,371 ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL, AND THEY 3321 01:47:30,371 --> 01:47:32,907 MAY NOT REFLECT REALITY. 3322 01:47:32,907 --> 01:47:34,909 AGAIN, IF WE DETERMINE THAT THAT 3323 01:47:34,909 --> 01:47:36,978 WAS THE CASE, WE'RE GOING TO 3324 01:47:36,978 --> 01:47:38,212 PURSUE IT JUST LIKE ANY OTHER 3325 01:47:38,212 --> 01:47:39,580 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT CASE. 3326 01:47:39,580 --> 01:47:42,650 BUT IT MAY BE MORE -- IT MAY BE 3327 01:47:42,650 --> 01:47:45,086 EASIER FOR NEFARIOUS INDIVIDUALS 3328 01:47:45,086 --> 01:47:47,488 TO FOOL US NOW WITH A.I. THAN 3329 01:47:47,488 --> 01:47:50,057 WITH THE OLDER PHOTOSHOP 3330 01:47:50,057 --> 01:47:56,764 TECHNIQUES. 3331 01:47:56,764 --> 01:47:57,999 >> ERIC AND THEN WENDY. 3332 01:47:57,999 --> 01:47:59,800 >> I'M JUST CURIOUS, THE 3333 01:47:59,800 --> 01:48:00,868 BIOARCHIVE HAS BECOME SORT OF 3334 01:48:00,868 --> 01:48:03,404 LIKE A CHECK SYSTEM, RIGHT, 3335 01:48:03,404 --> 01:48:04,405 WHERE IT GOES THROUGH AND LOOKS 3336 01:48:04,405 --> 01:48:05,806 AT ALL THE PAPERS AND SORT OF 3337 01:48:05,806 --> 01:48:07,808 TRIES TO LOOK FOR VARIOUS 3338 01:48:07,808 --> 01:48:10,044 ASPECTS OF PLAGIARISM AND SUCH. 3339 01:48:10,044 --> 01:48:12,046 DOES THE NIH INTERACT WITH 3340 01:48:12,046 --> 01:48:14,815 BIOARCHIVE AS A GROUP TO SORT 3341 01:48:14,815 --> 01:48:16,284 OF -- BECAUSE THEY'RE STILL 3342 01:48:16,284 --> 01:48:17,251 PROBABLY THE BIGGEST 3343 01:48:17,251 --> 01:48:17,785 CLEARINGHOUSE RIGHT NOW. 3344 01:48:17,785 --> 01:48:19,086 >> THAT'S A VERY INTERESTING 3345 01:48:19,086 --> 01:48:19,320 IDEA. 3346 01:48:19,320 --> 01:48:20,988 WE HAVE INTERACTIVE BIOARCHIVE 3347 01:48:20,988 --> 01:48:22,123 BUT NOT ON THAT LEVEL. 3348 01:48:22,123 --> 01:48:24,926 SO THAT'S AN INTERESTING 3349 01:48:24,926 --> 01:48:25,326 DISCUSSION. 3350 01:48:25,326 --> 01:48:28,729 I DO THINK THAT GREATER 3351 01:48:28,729 --> 01:48:29,597 TRANSPARENCY THROUGH A VARIETY 3352 01:48:29,597 --> 01:48:33,901 OF MEANS, PREPRINTS, PUB PEER, 3353 01:48:33,901 --> 01:48:38,005 DATA SHARING, AND IN FACT FOR 3354 01:48:38,005 --> 01:48:39,340 DATA SHARING, THERE HAVE BEEN 3355 01:48:39,340 --> 01:48:42,343 SOME CASES OF -- SERIOUS CASES 3356 01:48:42,343 --> 01:48:43,611 OF MISCONDUCT WHERE THAT'S HOW 3357 01:48:43,611 --> 01:48:45,746 IT GOT UNEARTHED AND IT GOT 3358 01:48:45,746 --> 01:48:46,447 UNEARTHED A LOT MORE QUICKLY 3359 01:48:46,447 --> 01:48:48,015 THAN THE CASES BACK A FEW 3360 01:48:48,015 --> 01:48:52,620 DECADES AGO. 3361 01:48:52,620 --> 01:48:53,854 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT 3362 01:48:53,854 --> 01:48:54,655 PRESENTATION. 3363 01:48:54,655 --> 01:48:56,891 SUPER INTERESTING. 3364 01:48:56,891 --> 01:48:58,159 SO THE NEXT QUESTION IS, SO WHAT 3365 01:48:58,159 --> 01:48:59,827 DO WE DO ABOUT IT, WHAT BEST 3366 01:48:59,827 --> 01:49:01,529 PRACTICES TO IMPLEMENT AND JUST 3367 01:49:01,529 --> 01:49:02,997 WANTED TO SHARE THAT, YOU KNOW, 3368 01:49:02,997 --> 01:49:04,899 IN PHARMA COMPANIES, ONE OF THE 3369 01:49:04,899 --> 01:49:07,468 BEST PRACTICES PUT INTO PLACE IS 3370 01:49:07,468 --> 01:49:11,172 THAT ALL THE RAW DATA BE 3371 01:49:11,172 --> 01:49:11,839 SCRUTINIZED BY THE DIRECT 3372 01:49:11,839 --> 01:49:13,407 MANAGER AND THEN THE MANAGER'S 3373 01:49:13,407 --> 01:49:15,309 MANAGER BEFORE IT GETS 3374 01:49:15,309 --> 01:49:15,576 PRESENTED. 3375 01:49:15,576 --> 01:49:17,244 AND THEN YOU GOT A LOT OF PEOPLE 3376 01:49:17,244 --> 01:49:18,079 RESPONSIBLE WHO DON'T WANT TO 3377 01:49:18,079 --> 01:49:20,514 HAVE, YOU KNOW, THEMSELVES ON 3378 01:49:20,514 --> 01:49:22,450 THE LINE, AND SO ITEMS LIKE 3379 01:49:22,450 --> 01:49:22,783 THAT. 3380 01:49:22,783 --> 01:49:25,653 AND I'M JUST WONDERING IF NIGMS 3381 01:49:25,653 --> 01:49:29,056 PUTS OUT BEST PRACTICES LIKE 3382 01:49:29,056 --> 01:49:31,158 THAT FOR SOMETHING TO THINK 3383 01:49:31,158 --> 01:49:31,559 ABOUT. 3384 01:49:31,559 --> 01:49:33,194 >> SO I THINK THAT'S A REALLY 3385 01:49:33,194 --> 01:49:33,494 GREAT POINT. 3386 01:49:33,494 --> 01:49:36,664 WHERE I DID -- I'M A 3387 01:49:36,664 --> 01:49:39,166 CARDIOVASCULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIST, 3388 01:49:39,166 --> 01:49:40,868 AS A RESEARCHER WAY BACK WHEN. 3389 01:49:40,868 --> 01:49:42,536 AND WHERE I DID MY TRAINING, WE 3390 01:49:42,536 --> 01:49:45,406 COULD NOT TURN IN A PAPER UNTIL 3391 01:49:45,406 --> 01:49:48,376 A DIFFERENT STATISTICIAN HAD 3392 01:49:48,376 --> 01:49:50,277 REPLICATED OUR RESULTS. 3393 01:49:50,277 --> 01:49:52,213 AND THE WAY THEY WOULD DO IT IS 3394 01:49:52,213 --> 01:49:53,614 THEY WOULDN'T JUST TAKE OUR CODE 3395 01:49:53,614 --> 01:49:54,915 AND JUST PRESS THE RUN BUTTON. 3396 01:49:54,915 --> 01:49:57,618 THEY WOULD ACTUALLY LOOK AT THE 3397 01:49:57,618 --> 01:49:58,853 PROBLEM AND TRY TO SEE IF THEY 3398 01:49:58,853 --> 01:50:00,421 COULD GET THE SAME ANSWER BASED 3399 01:50:00,421 --> 01:50:01,922 ON OUR DATA. 3400 01:50:01,922 --> 01:50:03,190 AND SO ONE THING WAS, WE ALL 3401 01:50:03,190 --> 01:50:04,225 KNEW THAT THIS WAS HAPPENING. 3402 01:50:04,225 --> 01:50:05,726 I MEAN, NOT THAT ANY OF US I 3403 01:50:05,726 --> 01:50:07,995 THINK WERE SERIOUSLY THINKING 3404 01:50:07,995 --> 01:50:10,064 ABOUT ENGAGING IN BAD BEHAVIOR, 3405 01:50:10,064 --> 01:50:11,399 BUT JUST THE FACT THAT WE KNEW 3406 01:50:11,399 --> 01:50:13,934 THAT, I'M SURE HELPED. 3407 01:50:13,934 --> 01:50:15,436 AND THERE WERE TIMES THAT THEY 3408 01:50:15,436 --> 01:50:18,205 COULD NOT REPLICATE RESULTS, 3409 01:50:18,205 --> 01:50:19,674 THAT HAPPENED TO ME, AND WE 3410 01:50:19,674 --> 01:50:22,877 FIGURED OUT WA WHAT WAS GOING O. 3411 01:50:22,877 --> 01:50:24,712 THAT'S AN EXAMPLE OF A CULTURE 3412 01:50:24,712 --> 01:50:29,450 THAT PROMOTES INTEGRITY. 3413 01:50:29,450 --> 01:50:31,085 THERE ARE UNIVERSITIES THAT HAVE 3414 01:50:31,085 --> 01:50:32,586 VERY STRONG INTEGRITY PROGRAMS. 3415 01:50:32,586 --> 01:50:33,921 IT'S NOT ONLY THAT THEY HOLD 3416 01:50:33,921 --> 01:50:35,856 PEOPLE ACCOUNTABLE, BUT THEY 3417 01:50:35,856 --> 01:50:39,026 RAISE IT AT THE VERY HIGH LEVELS 3418 01:50:39,026 --> 01:50:40,961 AND MAKE IT VERY CLEAR TO THEIR 3419 01:50:40,961 --> 01:50:41,796 FACULTY, THIS IS SOMETHING 3420 01:50:41,796 --> 01:50:42,863 THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO THEM. 3421 01:50:42,863 --> 01:50:44,832 THEY DO NOT WANT TO BE IN THE 3422 01:50:44,832 --> 01:50:46,534 NEWSPAPER FOR SCANDALS. 3423 01:50:46,534 --> 01:50:48,002 AND PART OF THE WAY THAT THEY DO 3424 01:50:48,002 --> 01:50:49,637 THAT IS THEY FOSTER ALL KINDS -- 3425 01:50:49,637 --> 01:50:50,938 YOU KNOW, WHATEVER THE 3426 01:50:50,938 --> 01:50:51,706 APPROPRIATE PRACTICE IS FOR THE 3427 01:50:51,706 --> 01:50:55,109 KIND OF SCIENCE IN ORDER TO 3428 01:50:55,109 --> 01:50:56,410 PROMOTE THE BEST POSSIBLE 3429 01:50:56,410 --> 01:50:59,513 BEHAVIOR. 3430 01:50:59,513 --> 01:51:02,683 >> TERRI AND THEN ANGELA. 3431 01:51:02,683 --> 01:51:03,918 >> SO THANKS, MIKE. 3432 01:51:03,918 --> 01:51:05,019 ONE OF THE THINGS, OF COURSE, IS 3433 01:51:05,019 --> 01:51:07,588 THAT WE REQUIRE TRAINEES TO GO 3434 01:51:07,588 --> 01:51:09,623 THROUGH ETHICS TRAINING AND 3435 01:51:09,623 --> 01:51:11,959 EVERY GRADUATE SCHOOL DOES IT A 3436 01:51:11,959 --> 01:51:12,526 LITTLE DIFFERENT. 3437 01:51:12,526 --> 01:51:16,831 SOME REQUIRE IT OF ALL STUDENTS. 3438 01:51:16,831 --> 01:51:18,466 DO WE HAVE ANY EVIDENCE THAT 3439 01:51:18,466 --> 01:51:20,167 THAT'S ACTUALLY HAD AN IMPACT ON 3440 01:51:20,167 --> 01:51:21,368 OUTCOMES OR REPORTING OR 3441 01:51:21,368 --> 01:51:23,237 UNIVERSITY BEHAVIORS IN TERMS OF 3442 01:51:23,237 --> 01:51:24,038 ETHICS? 3443 01:51:24,038 --> 01:51:25,372 >> NOT THAT I KNOW. 3444 01:51:25,372 --> 01:51:26,340 JON, DO YOU KNOW? 3445 01:51:26,340 --> 01:51:28,175 >> NO, I THINK IT'S A GREAT 3446 01:51:28,175 --> 01:51:29,210 QUESTION. 3447 01:51:29,210 --> 01:51:33,013 >> SO AS A FOLLOW-UP, I USED TO 3448 01:51:33,013 --> 01:51:34,048 INTEREST SO TEACH THIS AND 3449 01:51:34,048 --> 01:51:35,583 REQUIRED IT, SO WE DID DO A PRE 3450 01:51:35,583 --> 01:51:37,384 AND POST SURVEY, I SHOULD FIND 3451 01:51:37,384 --> 01:51:38,686 THE DATA FOR YOU, THIS IS YEARS 3452 01:51:38,686 --> 01:51:40,221 AGO, AND TO LOOK AT IDEAS ABOUT 3453 01:51:40,221 --> 01:51:41,956 ETHICS BEFORE AND AFTER, AND THE 3454 01:51:41,956 --> 01:51:43,290 SHOCKING THING WAS IS THERE'S 3455 01:51:43,290 --> 01:51:44,492 ALL THESE DIFFERENT THINGS, AND 3456 01:51:44,492 --> 01:51:46,127 GOING IN, EVERY STUDENT THOUGHT 3457 01:51:46,127 --> 01:51:47,328 THAT PLAGIARISM WAS THE WORST 3458 01:51:47,328 --> 01:51:48,295 THING, AND THEY DIDN'T REALLY 3459 01:51:48,295 --> 01:51:50,531 CARE IF YOU MISENROLLED SOMEBODY 3460 01:51:50,531 --> 01:51:51,332 IN A CLINICAL TRIAL. 3461 01:51:51,332 --> 01:51:52,433 AND AT THE END, YOU DID SEE A 3462 01:51:52,433 --> 01:51:53,601 DIFFERENCE IN WHAT THEY SAW IN 3463 01:51:53,601 --> 01:51:55,903 TERMS OF WHAT IS REALLY, REALLY 3464 01:51:55,903 --> 01:51:57,705 BAD BEHAVIOR, NOT THAT 3465 01:51:57,705 --> 01:52:00,040 PLAGIARISM ISN'T BAD, BUT THAT 3466 01:52:00,040 --> 01:52:00,775 REALLY OUR STUDENTS DIDN'T COME 3467 01:52:00,775 --> 01:52:02,943 IN WITH A BROAD UNDERSTANDING OF 3468 01:52:02,943 --> 01:52:04,111 THE DIFFERENT THINGS THEY MIGHT 3469 01:52:04,111 --> 01:52:05,713 SEE, SO I DO THINK IT'S AN 3470 01:52:05,713 --> 01:52:07,648 INTERESTING POINT. 3471 01:52:07,648 --> 01:52:10,251 >> AND PERHAPS ALONG THOSE 3472 01:52:10,251 --> 01:52:13,220 LINES, YOU KNOW, MAKING NOT JUST 3473 01:52:13,220 --> 01:52:15,055 STUDENTS BY EVERYONE AWARE OF 3474 01:52:15,055 --> 01:52:16,690 THE FACT THAT THE PROBLEMS 3475 01:52:16,690 --> 01:52:18,492 EXIST, AND THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF 3476 01:52:18,492 --> 01:52:21,729 A BEST PRACTICE OF SETTING UP 3477 01:52:21,729 --> 01:52:22,696 HOT LINES. 3478 01:52:22,696 --> 01:52:24,331 SO THE INSTITUTION I WAS AT, WE 3479 01:52:24,331 --> 01:52:25,099 HAD A HOTLINE. 3480 01:52:25,099 --> 01:52:27,268 WE GOT INTERESTING REPORT ON THE 3481 01:52:27,268 --> 01:52:28,202 HOTLINES AND SOME OF THEM TURNED 3482 01:52:28,202 --> 01:52:29,804 OUT TO BE TRUE, AND THE ONLY 3483 01:52:29,804 --> 01:52:32,006 REASON WHY WE GOT THOSE REPORTS 3484 01:52:32,006 --> 01:52:33,340 WAS BECAUSE THE PEOPLE FELT THAT 3485 01:52:33,340 --> 01:52:35,209 THEY WERE SAFER, THAT THEY WERE 3486 01:52:35,209 --> 01:52:37,077 LESS LIKELY TO BE SUBJECT TO 3487 01:52:37,077 --> 01:52:42,416 RETALIATION. 3488 01:52:42,416 --> 01:52:44,151 >> BOTH OF THESE COMMENTS ARE 3489 01:52:44,151 --> 01:52:45,219 ACTUALLY RELATED TO THE TWO 3490 01:52:45,219 --> 01:52:46,787 THINGS I WANTED TO BRING UP. 3491 01:52:46,787 --> 01:52:49,423 THE FIRST ONE IS THINKING ABOUT 3492 01:52:49,423 --> 01:52:53,594 THE EARLIER THEME OF EVALUATION 3493 01:52:53,594 --> 01:52:57,431 CULTURE, AND IT TAKES TIME AND 3494 01:52:57,431 --> 01:52:59,567 CAPACITY AND INCENTIVE TO RUN A 3495 01:52:59,567 --> 01:53:01,268 RIGOROUS RESEARCH CULTURE IN A 3496 01:53:01,268 --> 01:53:02,069 LAB. 3497 01:53:02,069 --> 01:53:03,504 AND ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE TALKING 3498 01:53:03,504 --> 01:53:04,738 ABOUT SMALL LABS. 3499 01:53:04,738 --> 01:53:05,840 RIGHT? 3500 01:53:05,840 --> 01:53:08,209 THIS IS -- IT'S IMPORTANT TO 3501 01:53:08,209 --> 01:53:11,312 THINK ABOUT WHAT REVIEW CULTURE 3502 01:53:11,312 --> 01:53:12,479 REWARDS. 3503 01:53:12,479 --> 01:53:15,015 AND HOW YOU HAVE ANY VISIBILITY 3504 01:53:15,015 --> 01:53:16,917 INTO THOSE KIND OF RESEARCH 3505 01:53:16,917 --> 01:53:17,251 PRACTICES. 3506 01:53:17,251 --> 01:53:19,420 I DON'T HAVE A GOOD ANSWER FOR 3507 01:53:19,420 --> 01:53:21,555 THAT, BUT THERE WAS NOT A LOT OF 3508 01:53:21,555 --> 01:53:22,957 INCENTIVE FOR THE KIND OF LAB 3509 01:53:22,957 --> 01:53:23,657 CULTURE WHERE PEOPLE ARE GOING 3510 01:53:23,657 --> 01:53:25,226 TO HAVE MULTIPLE VIEWS ON THE 3511 01:53:25,226 --> 01:53:26,994 PRIMARY DATA OR EVEN REPLICATE 3512 01:53:26,994 --> 01:53:28,229 EXPERIMENTS FROM DIFFERENT 3513 01:53:28,229 --> 01:53:29,663 PEOPLE AT DIFFERENT TIMES, 3514 01:53:29,663 --> 01:53:32,466 RIGHT, AND THERE'S NOT ANY 3515 01:53:32,466 --> 01:53:35,169 CAPABILITY -- [INAUDIBLE] SO 3516 01:53:35,169 --> 01:53:36,904 THAT'S ONE THING TO THINK ABOUT. 3517 01:53:36,904 --> 01:53:38,772 THE SECOND IS RELATED TO YOUR 3518 01:53:38,772 --> 01:53:40,541 POINT ABOUT HO HOTLINES. 3519 01:53:40,541 --> 01:53:42,009 AS I WAS LISTENING TO SOME OF 3520 01:53:42,009 --> 01:53:43,510 THE STORIES THAT YOU TOLD, THERE 3521 01:53:43,510 --> 01:53:44,845 WAS A REALLY PROFOUND 3522 01:53:44,845 --> 01:53:45,846 INTERSECTION ACTUALLY WITH 3523 01:53:45,846 --> 01:53:48,916 TRAINING AND MENTORING CULTURE, 3524 01:53:48,916 --> 01:53:50,417 AND TRUST IN SCIENTIFIC 3525 01:53:50,417 --> 01:53:50,751 RELATIONSHIPS. 3526 01:53:50,751 --> 01:53:56,590 SO NOT JUST MENTEE-MEMENTOR 3527 01:53:56,590 --> 01:53:57,358 RELATIONSHIPS AND WHAT THOSE 3528 01:53:57,358 --> 01:53:58,826 LOOK LIKE BUT ALSO THE 3529 01:53:58,826 --> 01:53:59,960 RELATIONSHIP OF PEOPLE IN LABS 3530 01:53:59,960 --> 01:54:00,928 TO THEIR SURROUNDING SCIENTIFIC 3531 01:54:00,928 --> 01:54:01,262 COMMUNITY. 3532 01:54:01,262 --> 01:54:02,830 SO WHEN SOMETHING IS HAPPENING 3533 01:54:02,830 --> 01:54:06,433 ON THE GROUND, THAT THEY KNOW IS 3534 01:54:06,433 --> 01:54:09,570 MAYBE NOT ETHICAL, WHO CAN THEY 3535 01:54:09,570 --> 01:54:11,672 TALK TO, SO HOTLINES ARE ONE 3536 01:54:11,672 --> 01:54:12,373 ANSWER TO THAT, BUT THERE'S 3537 01:54:12,373 --> 01:54:15,009 ALSO, I THINK, SOME CULTURAL 3538 01:54:15,009 --> 01:54:17,678 WORK AROUND HOW OUR SCIENTIFIC 3539 01:54:17,678 --> 01:54:18,579 RELATIONSHIPS WORK AND WHAT WE 3540 01:54:18,579 --> 01:54:19,346 VALUE IN THEM. 3541 01:54:19,346 --> 01:54:20,514 SO I THINK THAT'S A REALLY 3542 01:54:20,514 --> 01:54:21,282 IMPORTANT PIECE TO BE THINKING 3543 01:54:21,282 --> 01:54:22,383 ABOUT TOO. 3544 01:54:22,383 --> 01:54:23,517 IN THE CULTURE PIECE. 3545 01:54:23,517 --> 01:54:24,885 SO THAT IT'S NOT JUST 3546 01:54:24,885 --> 01:54:28,722 ENFORCEMENT, BUT IT'S ALSO, YOU 3547 01:54:28,722 --> 01:54:31,225 KNOW, CARETAKING AND TRAINING OF 3548 01:54:31,225 --> 01:54:32,993 THE PEOPLE DOING THE WORK. 3549 01:54:32,993 --> 01:54:34,361 >> THAT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT 3550 01:54:34,361 --> 01:54:36,497 POINT, AND I THINK THIS IS TRUE 3551 01:54:36,497 --> 01:54:39,934 IN THE ERIC POEHLMAN CASE BUT IT 3552 01:54:39,934 --> 01:54:44,038 WAS FOR SU SURE TRUE -- THERE WA 3553 01:54:44,038 --> 01:54:45,005 CASE INVOLVING A PSYCHOLOGIST, I 3554 01:54:45,005 --> 01:54:49,076 THINK HE WAS IN HOLLAND, NAMED 3555 01:54:49,076 --> 01:54:50,544 DEDRIC STAPEL. 3556 01:54:50,544 --> 01:54:52,179 SOME VERY COURAGEOUS GRADUATE 3557 01:54:52,179 --> 01:54:52,713 STUDENTS CAME FORWARD. 3558 01:54:52,713 --> 01:54:54,348 THEY WERE JUST SEEING TOO MANY 3559 01:54:54,348 --> 01:54:55,015 WEIRD THINGS. 3560 01:54:55,015 --> 01:54:56,417 ONE THING THAT THEY SAW THAT WAS 3561 01:54:56,417 --> 01:54:57,718 VERY STRANGE WAS THAT HE 3562 01:54:57,718 --> 01:54:59,186 INSISTED ON COLLECTING HIS OWN 3563 01:54:59,186 --> 01:55:00,521 DATA. 3564 01:55:00,521 --> 01:55:03,023 WHICH THAT SEEMED VERY WEIRD. 3565 01:55:03,023 --> 01:55:04,525 BUT THERE WERE ALL KINDS OF 3566 01:55:04,525 --> 01:55:06,327 THINGS THAT THEY SAW, AND IT 3567 01:55:06,327 --> 01:55:08,362 TOOK THEM A WHILE BEFORE THEY 3568 01:55:08,362 --> 01:55:11,632 ACTUALLY WORKED UP THE COURAGE. 3569 01:55:11,632 --> 01:55:12,766 IT WASN'T JUST ONE PERSON. 3570 01:55:12,766 --> 01:55:15,836 IT WAS A SMALL GROUP OF THEM TO 3571 01:55:15,836 --> 01:55:17,972 THEN COME FORWARD AND GO TO THE 3572 01:55:17,972 --> 01:55:19,206 UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATION. 3573 01:55:19,206 --> 01:55:20,975 THIS GUY WAS AT THAT TIME ONE OF 3574 01:55:20,975 --> 01:55:22,943 THE MOST FAMOUS RESEARCHERS IN 3575 01:55:22,943 --> 01:55:26,981 HIS FIELD, AND HIGHLY RESPECTED, 3576 01:55:26,981 --> 01:55:28,182 TO SAY WE THINK THERE'S 3577 01:55:28,182 --> 01:55:29,383 SOMETHING WRONG HERE, AND 3578 01:55:29,383 --> 01:55:35,456 EFFICIENTLEVENTUALLY IT TURNED S 3579 01:55:35,456 --> 01:55:38,058 A HORNET'S NEST OF FRAUD. 3580 01:55:38,058 --> 01:55:39,693 THERE MUST HAVE BEEN SOMETHING 3581 01:55:39,693 --> 01:55:41,095 RIGHT ABOUT THE CULTURE, NOT 3582 01:55:41,095 --> 01:55:42,029 PERFECT BUT SOMETHING RIGHT 3583 01:55:42,029 --> 01:55:43,130 ABOUT THE CULTURE THAT THAT 3584 01:55:43,130 --> 01:55:43,764 COULD HAPPEN. 3585 01:55:43,764 --> 01:55:47,034 >> LAST QUESTION FOR LUCY. 3586 01:55:47,034 --> 01:55:50,137 >> AS I UNDERSTAND IT, THERE IS 3587 01:55:50,137 --> 01:55:56,777 NOW SOFTWARE DESIGNED TO HELP 3588 01:55:56,777 --> 01:55:59,046 RECOGNIZE THINGS LIKE IMAGE 3589 01:55:59,046 --> 01:56:01,148 DUPLICATIONS, POTENTIAL OTHER 3590 01:56:01,148 --> 01:56:02,783 IRREGULARITIES AND HOW DATA ARE 3591 01:56:02,783 --> 01:56:07,321 PLOTTED. 3592 01:56:07,321 --> 01:56:11,525 AND AS A P.I., I WOULD CERTAINLY 3593 01:56:11,525 --> 01:56:13,227 WELCOME ACCESS AND TRAINING TO 3594 01:56:13,227 --> 01:56:15,529 THIS TO SCREEN OUR OWN PAPERS, 3595 01:56:15,529 --> 01:56:18,899 MAYBE FOR UNINTENTIONAL IMAGE 3596 01:56:18,899 --> 01:56:20,567 DUPLICATIONS, FOR INSTANCE, OR 3597 01:56:20,567 --> 01:56:22,836 SCREEN PAPERS OF A COLLABORATOR, 3598 01:56:22,836 --> 01:56:26,373 JUST AS ANOTHER LEVEL OF 3599 01:56:26,373 --> 01:56:27,341 PROTECTION FOR OURSELVES BEFORE 3600 01:56:27,341 --> 01:56:30,411 WE SUBMIT OUR OWN WORK, AND 3601 01:56:30,411 --> 01:56:32,579 CURIOUS WHETHER THOSE THINGS ARE 3602 01:56:32,579 --> 01:56:35,315 AVAILABLE, IF NIH COULD MAYBE 3603 01:56:35,315 --> 01:56:35,883 FACILITATE ACCESS TO THEM. 3604 01:56:35,883 --> 01:56:37,851 >> I KNOW THAT -- AND WE'VE BEEN 3605 01:56:37,851 --> 01:56:38,886 IN DISCUSSIONS WITH THE OFFICE 3606 01:56:38,886 --> 01:56:42,222 OF RESEARCH INTEGRITY ON SOME 3607 01:56:42,222 --> 01:56:43,390 SOFTWARE THAT'S BEING DEVELOPED 3608 01:56:43,390 --> 01:56:48,028 TO DETECT PROBLEMS WITH IMAGES, 3609 01:56:48,028 --> 01:56:49,129 AND I DON'T THINK THAT'S QUITE 3610 01:56:49,129 --> 01:56:51,999 YET REACHED PRIME TIME. 3611 01:56:51,999 --> 01:56:52,966 PART OF THE CHALLENGE, OF 3612 01:56:52,966 --> 01:56:54,468 COURSE, IS THAT WE -- FOR 3613 01:56:54,468 --> 01:56:56,070 EXAMPLE, IF WE'RE LOOKING AT A 3614 01:56:56,070 --> 01:56:57,638 GRANT APPLICATION, WE'RE NOT 3615 01:56:57,638 --> 01:56:59,540 GETTING HIGH RES IMAGES. 3616 01:56:59,540 --> 01:57:01,175 SO WE WANT TO HAVE TECHNOLOGY 3617 01:57:01,175 --> 01:57:02,142 THAT'S GOOD ENOUGH TO SAY THERE 3618 01:57:02,142 --> 01:57:03,577 MAY BE A PROBLEM HERE WITHOUT 3619 01:57:03,577 --> 01:57:06,113 GIVING US TOO MANY FALSE 3620 01:57:06,113 --> 01:57:08,182 POSITIVES. 3621 01:57:08,182 --> 01:57:09,283 AND SO THERE IS WORK THAT'S 3622 01:57:09,283 --> 01:57:11,718 GOING ON IN THAT SPHERE, BUT I'M 3623 01:57:11,718 --> 01:57:13,454 NOT SURE THAT THERE'S ANYTHING 3624 01:57:13,454 --> 01:57:16,757 THAT IS RIGHT NOW PUBLICLY 3625 01:57:16,757 --> 01:57:17,257 AVAILABLE. 3626 01:57:17,257 --> 01:57:20,427 I WILL SAY THAT WE'VE HEARD FROM 3627 01:57:20,427 --> 01:57:22,830 VARIOUS SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE 3628 01:57:22,830 --> 01:57:26,533 CONGRESS TACONTACTED US. 3629 01:57:26,533 --> 01:57:30,404 THERE WAS ALL THIS EC EXCITEMENT 3630 01:57:30,404 --> 01:57:32,005 LAST FALL ABOUT PLAGIARISM. 3631 01:57:32,005 --> 01:57:33,240 SO WE HAVE HEARD FROM SOME 3632 01:57:33,240 --> 01:57:36,543 SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE CONTACTED US 3633 01:57:36,543 --> 01:57:37,678 AND SAID COULD YOU CHECK TO SEE 3634 01:57:37,678 --> 01:57:40,214 IF ANY OF MY WORK HAS BEEN 3635 01:57:40,214 --> 01:57:40,914 PLAGIARIZED, WHICH IS GOOD, 3636 01:57:40,914 --> 01:57:41,515 THAT'S HEALTHY. 3637 01:57:41,515 --> 01:57:42,850 NOW THAT TECHNOLOGY IS A LOT 3638 01:57:42,850 --> 01:57:44,818 BETTER WITH TOOLS LIKE 3639 01:57:44,818 --> 01:57:46,086 AUTHENTICATE AND SO FORTH THAT 3640 01:57:46,086 --> 01:57:47,454 WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO DO THAT. 3641 01:57:47,454 --> 01:57:48,222 FORTUNATELY IN ALL THE CASES 3642 01:57:48,222 --> 01:57:49,289 THAT WE'VE BEEN ASKED, WE'VE 3643 01:57:49,289 --> 01:57:52,092 BEEN ABLE TO SAY NO, IT LOOKS 3644 01:57:52,092 --> 01:57:54,228 LIKE EVERY YOU'VE TURNED IN IS 3645 01:57:54,228 --> 01:57:54,795 ORIGINAL. 3646 01:57:54,795 --> 01:57:55,863 CAN'T TELL YOU WHETHER IT'S GOOD 3647 01:57:55,863 --> 01:57:57,664 BUT IT'S DEFINITELY ORIGINAL. 3648 01:57:57,664 --> 01:57:59,433 >> OKAY, THANK YOU. 3649 01:57:59,433 --> 01:58:00,367 THANK YOU SO MUCH, MIKE. 3650 01:58:00,367 --> 01:58:02,102 IT WAS A GREAT DISCUSSION. 3651 01:58:02,102 --> 01:58:03,637 I THINK TO WENDY'S POINT, 3652 01:58:03,637 --> 01:58:07,441 CLEARLY WE HAVE MORE WORK TO DO, 3653 01:58:07,441 --> 01:58:08,742 BOTH NIH BUT ALSO IN THE 3654 01:58:08,742 --> 01:58:10,010 COMMUNITY, I THINK THIS IS AN 3655 01:58:10,010 --> 01:58:12,246 ISSUE THAT WE WOULD -- WE IGNORE 3656 01:58:12,246 --> 01:58:13,547 AT OUR OWN PERIL. 3657 01:58:13,547 --> 01:58:16,049 SO THANKS AGAIN, MIKE. 3658 01:58:16,049 --> 01:58:21,088 [APPLAUSE] 3659 01:58:21,088 --> 01:58:23,323 WE'RE GOING TO TURN NOW TO A 3660 01:58:23,323 --> 01:58:24,858 COUPLE CONCEPT CLEARANCES. 3661 01:58:24,858 --> 01:58:26,493 THE FIRST IS THE SERVICE CENTERS 3662 01:58:26,493 --> 01:58:28,829 FOR CRYOELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY. 3663 01:58:28,829 --> 01:58:30,964 AND DOROTHY BECKETT IS GOING TO 3664 01:58:30,964 --> 01:58:34,101 GIVE THAT. 3665 01:58:34,101 --> 01:58:36,069 >> WHILE DOROTHY IS GETTING SET 3666 01:58:36,069 --> 01:58:37,404 UP I JUST WANT TO GIVE A 3667 01:58:37,404 --> 01:58:38,772 REMINDER TO, IF YOU CAN, PLEASE 3668 01:58:38,772 --> 01:58:39,840 SPEAK INTO THE MICROPHONE. 3669 01:58:39,840 --> 01:58:41,074 THERE'S FOLKS LISTENING ONLINE 3670 01:58:41,074 --> 01:58:42,442 AND I'M HEARING THAT THE SOUND 3671 01:58:42,442 --> 01:58:52,653 ISN'T GREAT. 3672 01:59:00,994 --> 01:59:01,628 >> OKAY. 3673 01:59:01,628 --> 01:59:02,629 CAN YOU HEAR ME? 3674 01:59:02,629 --> 01:59:03,063 OKAY. 3675 01:59:03,063 --> 01:59:04,131 TODAY I'M GOING TO TELL YOU 3676 01:59:04,131 --> 01:59:08,368 ABOUT A CONCEPT CLEARANCE FOR 3677 01:59:08,368 --> 01:59:10,204 CONTINUING SUPPORT OF THE 3678 01:59:10,204 --> 01:59:12,806 CRYO-EM CENTERS. 3679 01:59:12,806 --> 01:59:14,908 SO, THE CONCEPT CLEARANCE, OUR 3680 01:59:14,908 --> 01:59:17,411 PURPOSE IS TO TRANSITION THE 3681 01:59:17,411 --> 01:59:25,652 SUPPORT OF THE CRYO- CRYO-ET FRE 3682 01:59:25,652 --> 01:59:27,354 COMOND FUND TO NIGMS. 3683 01:59:27,354 --> 01:59:31,458 AND THE INTENT IS TO PROVIDE THE 3684 01:59:31,458 --> 01:59:32,292 RESEARCH COMMUNITY WITH ACCESS 3685 01:59:32,292 --> 01:59:35,862 TO SAMPLE PREPARATION AND 3686 01:59:35,862 --> 01:59:37,264 TOMOGRAPHIC DATA COLLECTION. 3687 01:59:37,264 --> 01:59:38,899 YOU'RE PROBABLY ALL FAMILIAR 3688 01:59:38,899 --> 01:59:40,734 WITH CRYO-EM BUT YOU MAY NOT ALL 3689 01:59:40,734 --> 01:59:43,503 BE AS FAMILY WITH CRYO ET, I'M 3690 01:59:43,503 --> 01:59:44,738 GOING TO GIVE YOU A LITTLE BIT 3691 01:59:44,738 --> 01:59:45,205 OF BACKGROUND. 3692 01:59:45,205 --> 01:59:50,811 SO THE COMMON FUND CRYO-ET 3693 01:59:50,811 --> 01:59:52,179 NETWORK FUNDING WILL END IN 3694 01:59:52,179 --> 01:59:52,613 2026. 3695 01:59:52,613 --> 01:59:58,051 SO THE CURRENT CRYO -- COMMON 3696 01:59:58,051 --> 02:00:03,156 FUND CRYO-EM ET PROGRAM 3697 02:00:03,156 --> 02:00:05,225 INITIATIVE ACTUALLY SUPPORTS 3698 02:00:05,225 --> 02:00:09,596 THREE CRYO EM CENTERS HERE IN 3699 02:00:09,596 --> 02:00:12,399 OREGON AT STANFORD. 3700 02:00:12,399 --> 02:00:15,335 THAT'S S2C2 AT THE NEW YORK 3701 02:00:15,335 --> 02:00:16,670 STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY CENTER. 3702 02:00:16,670 --> 02:00:18,372 SO THOSE ARE SINGLE PARTICLE 3703 02:00:18,372 --> 02:00:19,940 CRYO-EM CENTERS. 3704 02:00:19,940 --> 02:00:22,576 THOSE ARE TRANSITIONING TO GM, 3705 02:00:22,576 --> 02:00:27,414 EVEN AS WE SPEAK. 3706 02:00:27,414 --> 02:00:30,484 THE CRYOET IS A NETWORK THAT IS 3707 02:00:30,484 --> 02:00:31,952 COMPRISED, AND I'LL GIVE YOU 3708 02:00:31,952 --> 02:00:34,454 MORE DETAILS LATER ON, OF A HUB 3709 02:00:34,454 --> 02:00:40,260 AT WISCONSIN, AND THREE SPOKES, 3710 02:00:40,260 --> 02:00:41,361 ONE AT THE NEW YORK STRUCTURAL 3711 02:00:41,361 --> 02:00:43,463 BIOLOGY CENTER, ONE AT BOULDER, 3712 02:00:43,463 --> 02:00:53,907 AND THE THIRD AT STANFORD. 3713 02:00:54,308 --> 02:00:58,612 SO WHY HAVE BOTH CRYO-EM AND 3714 02:00:58,612 --> 02:01:07,487 CRYO-ET? 3715 02:01:07,487 --> 02:01:09,423 SO CRYO EM, AS I'M SURE MANY OF 3716 02:01:09,423 --> 02:01:11,158 YOU ARE AWARE, IT'S A METHOD 3717 02:01:11,158 --> 02:01:14,861 WHERE YOU PURIFY COMPLEXES, 3718 02:01:14,861 --> 02:01:16,496 APPLY THEM TO A GRID, AND 3719 02:01:16,496 --> 02:01:19,633 THEY'RE GOING TO LAND IN 3720 02:01:19,633 --> 02:01:20,901 MULTIPLE ORIENTATIONS, YOU'LL 3721 02:01:20,901 --> 02:01:22,703 IMAGE THAT GRID, AND THEN YOU'LL 3722 02:01:22,703 --> 02:01:27,607 USE ALL OF THOSE INDIVIDUAL 3723 02:01:27,607 --> 02:01:28,742 PARTICLE IMAGES THAT YOU PULL 3724 02:01:28,742 --> 02:01:31,211 FROM THE IMAGE TO RECONSTRUCT A 3725 02:01:31,211 --> 02:01:31,678 3D MODEL. 3726 02:01:31,678 --> 02:01:36,883 SO THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF APOE 3727 02:01:36,883 --> 02:01:39,753 BIOTIN, MANY OF YOU I'M SURE ARE 3728 02:01:39,753 --> 02:01:45,325 VERY -- USE BIOTIN -- SORRY -- 3729 02:01:45,325 --> 02:01:50,731 APOE STREP -- AND THE 3730 02:01:50,731 --> 02:01:51,131 BIOTIN-BOUND FORM. 3731 02:01:51,131 --> 02:01:54,301 SO THIS ENABLES DETERMINATION OF 3732 02:01:54,301 --> 02:01:57,304 STRUCTURES OF PURIFIED SAMPLES. 3733 02:01:57,304 --> 02:02:00,040 THE ADVANTAGE OF CRYO-ET IS THAT 3734 02:02:00,040 --> 02:02:04,478 YOU CAN -- ADVANTAGE OF CRYO-ET 3735 02:02:04,478 --> 02:02:05,612 ON THE OTHER HAND IS THAT YOU 3736 02:02:05,612 --> 02:02:08,014 CAN ACTUALLY LOOK AT SAMPLES IN 3737 02:02:08,014 --> 02:02:09,149 SITU IN CELLS. 3738 02:02:09,149 --> 02:02:15,822 SO THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF -- DO 3739 02:02:15,822 --> 02:02:16,990 WE HAVE ANOTHER POINTER? 3740 02:02:16,990 --> 02:02:20,060 THIS IS NOT WORKING. 3741 02:02:20,060 --> 02:02:21,495 WE DON'T NEED THE POINTER. 3742 02:02:21,495 --> 02:02:23,563 SO YOU CAN BASICALLY LOOK AT 3743 02:02:23,563 --> 02:02:24,664 ULTRA STRUCTURE IN CELLS. 3744 02:02:24,664 --> 02:02:29,202 THESE ARE B BACILLUS CELLS. 3745 02:02:29,202 --> 02:02:30,303 IN THE END YOU CAN SEE THE 3746 02:02:30,303 --> 02:02:30,604 SAMPLE. 3747 02:02:30,604 --> 02:02:31,938 I'LL GIVE A LITTLE MORE DETAIL 3748 02:02:31,938 --> 02:02:35,876 LATER ON, BUT THIS SHOWS -- THIS 3749 02:02:35,876 --> 02:02:39,579 IS WHAT IS CALLED THE PROTO 3750 02:02:39,579 --> 02:02:40,847 SPORE AT THE END OF THE 3751 02:02:40,847 --> 02:02:51,024 BACTERIUM. 3752 02:02:55,862 --> 02:02:56,463 OKAY. 3753 02:02:56,463 --> 02:02:59,433 NOW THE ISSUE WITH CRYO-ET IS 3754 02:02:59,433 --> 02:03:00,734 THAT THE SAMPLE PREPARATION IS 3755 02:03:00,734 --> 02:03:03,770 MUCH MORE INVOLVED THAN WITH 3756 02:03:03,770 --> 02:03:04,237 CRYO-EM. 3757 02:03:04,237 --> 02:03:06,440 BECAUSE MOST CELLS AND TISSUES 3758 02:03:06,440 --> 02:03:12,345 EXAMINED BY KREE CRYO ET, THEYO 3759 02:03:12,345 --> 02:03:16,550 THICK TO BE IMAGED IN THE 3760 02:03:16,550 --> 02:03:18,585 ELECTRON MICROSCOPE. 3761 02:03:18,585 --> 02:03:19,619 SO BEFORE YOU CAN IMAGE IT, YOU 3762 02:03:19,619 --> 02:03:20,287 HAVE TO SLICE IT. 3763 02:03:20,287 --> 02:03:21,588 BUT IF YOU'RE GOING TO SLICE IT 3764 02:03:21,588 --> 02:03:24,925 AND IT'S CALLED FIB-MILLING, YOU 3765 02:03:24,925 --> 02:03:26,193 HAVE TO KNOW WHICH REGIONS ON 3766 02:03:26,193 --> 02:03:27,494 THE GRID YOU'RE GOING TO SELECT. 3767 02:03:27,494 --> 02:03:29,563 SO ACTUALLY YOU USE A 3768 02:03:29,563 --> 02:03:30,831 COMBINATION OF A CORRELATIVE 3769 02:03:30,831 --> 02:03:32,933 LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 3770 02:03:32,933 --> 02:03:35,302 ALONG WITH FOCUSED ION BEAM 3771 02:03:35,302 --> 02:03:37,404 MILLING TO GENERATE THE SAMPLES. 3772 02:03:37,404 --> 02:03:40,340 SO YOU'RE GOING TO USE THE LIGHT 3773 02:03:40,340 --> 02:03:41,675 MICROSCOPY, MAYBE YOU'LL HAVE A 3774 02:03:41,675 --> 02:03:43,343 FLUORESCENTLY TAGGED PROTEIN, 3775 02:03:43,343 --> 02:03:47,247 AND THAT WILL SAY OKAY, I WANT 3776 02:03:47,247 --> 02:03:49,850 TO SLICE OR PRODUCE THIN SLICES 3777 02:03:49,850 --> 02:03:51,351 OF THIS REGION ON THE GRID. 3778 02:03:51,351 --> 02:03:54,688 AND THEN YOU'RE GOING TO USE 3779 02:03:54,688 --> 02:03:56,423 FOCUSED ION BEAM MILLING TO 3780 02:03:56,423 --> 02:03:57,724 GENERATE A THIN SLICE, IT'S 3781 02:03:57,724 --> 02:04:00,193 ABOUT 100 TO 200-NANOMETERS 3782 02:04:00,193 --> 02:04:01,895 THICK, THEN YOU'RE GOING TO PULL 3783 02:04:01,895 --> 02:04:06,533 THAT OUT, AND THIS IS ACTUALLY A 3784 02:04:06,533 --> 02:04:09,135 SLICE THAT HAS A COLLECTION OF 3785 02:04:09,135 --> 02:04:12,405 YEAST CELLS, AND THIS IS ONE 3786 02:04:12,405 --> 02:04:15,175 PORTION OF THE IMAGE, AND IF YOU 3787 02:04:15,175 --> 02:04:19,579 ZERO IN ON IT, YOU CAN SEE THESE 3788 02:04:19,579 --> 02:04:22,949 ARROWS ARE NUCLEAR PORE 3789 02:04:22,949 --> 02:04:27,053 COMPLEXES. 3790 02:04:27,053 --> 02:04:33,527 SO HERE IS AN EXAMPLE OF A 3791 02:04:33,527 --> 02:04:34,561 PROJECT THAT WAS DEVOTED TO 3792 02:04:34,561 --> 02:04:36,663 DETERMINING THE STRUCTURE OF 3793 02:04:36,663 --> 02:04:37,764 HUMAN CYTOMEGLOVIRUS. 3794 02:04:37,764 --> 02:04:42,836 AND WHAT IT'S FOCUSING ON IS 3795 02:04:42,836 --> 02:04:44,971 THAT THEY WANTED TO DETERMINE 3796 02:04:44,971 --> 02:04:46,773 THE STRUCTURE OF THE PRE AND THE 3797 02:04:46,773 --> 02:04:50,410 POST FUSION PROTEINS ON THE 3798 02:04:50,410 --> 02:04:51,444 SURFACE OF THE VIRUS. 3799 02:04:51,444 --> 02:04:55,148 SO THIS IS AN ENVELOPED VIRUS, 3800 02:04:55,148 --> 02:04:57,417 YOU'VE GOT THE CAPSID IN THE 3801 02:04:57,417 --> 02:04:59,419 CENTER, AND THIS SHOWS DIFFERENT 3802 02:04:59,419 --> 02:05:00,554 SLICES THROUGH THE VIRAL 3803 02:05:00,554 --> 02:05:01,555 STRUCTURE. 3804 02:05:01,555 --> 02:05:03,390 I FAILED TO MENTION THAT WHEN 3805 02:05:03,390 --> 02:05:05,225 YOU HAVE THESE SLICES, YOU 3806 02:05:05,225 --> 02:05:08,061 ACTUALLY DO A TILT IMAGE SERIES, 3807 02:05:08,061 --> 02:05:12,632 SO YOU GET DIFFERENT SLICES, 3808 02:05:12,632 --> 02:05:16,503 SLICED IMAGES OF THE 3D 3809 02:05:16,503 --> 02:05:19,773 STRUCTURE, AND THEN YOU TAKE 3810 02:05:19,773 --> 02:05:21,975 THOSE AND RECONSTRUCT THE 3D 3811 02:05:21,975 --> 02:05:25,879 IMAGE, WHICH IS SHOWN HERE. 3812 02:05:25,879 --> 02:05:30,083 SO THE SAMPLE PREPARATION IS 3813 02:05:30,083 --> 02:05:31,151 COMPLICATED, AS IS THE DATA 3814 02:05:31,151 --> 02:05:37,057 COLLECTION. 3815 02:05:37,057 --> 02:05:39,492 SO THIS BRINGS ME TO THE CURRENT 3816 02:05:39,492 --> 02:05:42,562 STRUCTURE OF THE COMMON FUND 3817 02:05:42,562 --> 02:05:42,896 NETWORK. 3818 02:05:42,896 --> 02:05:46,800 SO THE NETWORK HAS A HUB, AND IN 3819 02:05:46,800 --> 02:05:51,838 THE HUB, THEY HAVE ACTUALLY THE 3820 02:05:51,838 --> 02:05:55,342 MICROSCOPES, AS WELL AS THE 3821 02:05:55,342 --> 02:05:57,844 CAPABILITY TO PREPARE SAMPLES. 3822 02:05:57,844 --> 02:06:03,783 THE SPOKES AT NEW YORK, AT 3823 02:06:03,783 --> 02:06:06,152 SLACK -- STANFORD AND AT 3824 02:06:06,152 --> 02:06:08,989 BOULDER, THEY HAVE THE 3825 02:06:08,989 --> 02:06:11,091 CAPABILITY FOR SAMPLE 3826 02:06:11,091 --> 02:06:11,791 PREPARATION. 3827 02:06:11,791 --> 02:06:15,962 SO USER KS GO TO -- USERS CAN O 3828 02:06:15,962 --> 02:06:16,997 ANY OF THESE FOUR SITES TO DO 3829 02:06:16,997 --> 02:06:20,033 THE SAMPLE PREPARATION TO 3830 02:06:20,033 --> 02:06:22,502 PRODUCE THESE LAMELLAE THAT CAN 3831 02:06:22,502 --> 02:06:24,871 EITHER BE SENT TO THE HUB FOR 3832 02:06:24,871 --> 02:06:27,641 DATA COLLECTION OR THEY CAN 3833 02:06:27,641 --> 02:06:32,212 COLLECT THE DATA AT HOME. 3834 02:06:32,212 --> 02:06:38,852 SO WHAT ARE OUR PLANS? 3835 02:06:38,852 --> 02:06:42,956 I STI SHOULD MENTION THAT THE 3836 02:06:42,956 --> 02:06:44,190 CRYO-ET CENTERS, THEY'RE 3837 02:06:44,190 --> 02:06:44,824 RELATIVELY YOUNG. 3838 02:06:44,824 --> 02:06:47,527 SO THIS IS JUST THE FOURTH YEAR 3839 02:06:47,527 --> 02:06:53,900 FOR THAT HUB AND SPOKES SYSTEM 3840 02:06:53,900 --> 02:06:56,603 AND THEY ARE RAMPING UP, SO YOU 3841 02:06:56,603 --> 02:07:04,210 CAN SEE THAT THE LAMELLAE 3842 02:07:04,210 --> 02:07:05,879 PRODUCED IS INCREASING STEADILY, 3843 02:07:05,879 --> 02:07:08,248 SO FOR EACH LAMELLA, YOU'RE 3844 02:07:08,248 --> 02:07:09,416 GOING TO ACTUALLY COLLECT A 3845 02:07:09,416 --> 02:07:11,451 LARGE NUMBER IMAGES BECAUSE YOU 3846 02:07:11,451 --> 02:07:12,952 DO THIS TILT SERIES COLLECTION. 3847 02:07:12,952 --> 02:07:14,788 SO THEY ARE INCREASING, AND SO 3848 02:07:14,788 --> 02:07:18,024 AT THIS POINT, THEY HAVE TWO 3849 02:07:18,024 --> 02:07:22,128 MORE YEARS, AND THEN THEY'LL 3850 02:07:22,128 --> 02:07:23,229 TRANSITION TO GM SUPPORT. 3851 02:07:23,229 --> 02:07:29,235 SO WHAT ARE OUR PLANS? 3852 02:07:29,235 --> 02:07:30,336 THE PLANS ARE WE WANT TO 3853 02:07:30,336 --> 02:07:32,639 CONTINUE TO PROVIDE TRAINING IN 3854 02:07:32,639 --> 02:07:33,707 AND ACCESS TO SAMPLE 3855 02:07:33,707 --> 02:07:34,007 PREPARATION. 3856 02:07:34,007 --> 02:07:36,209 OF COURSE AS I SAID, THE SAMPLE 3857 02:07:36,209 --> 02:07:38,044 PREPARATION IS MULTISTAGE, SO 3858 02:07:38,044 --> 02:07:42,115 THAT INCLUDES PROVIDING THE 3859 02:07:42,115 --> 02:07:44,017 CORRELATIVE LIGHT AND ELECTRON 3860 02:07:44,017 --> 02:07:47,153 MICROSCOPY AND THE FIB MILLING 3861 02:07:47,153 --> 02:07:50,590 AND PROVIDE CRYO ET DATA 3862 02:07:50,590 --> 02:07:51,357 COLLECTION. 3863 02:07:51,357 --> 02:07:52,859 WE DO NOT KNOW AND HAVE NOT 3864 02:07:52,859 --> 02:07:53,927 DECIDED ON THE PROGRAM 3865 02:07:53,927 --> 02:07:54,561 CONFIGURATION AT THIS POINT 3866 02:07:54,561 --> 02:07:55,729 BECAUSE IT'S GOING TO DEPEND, 3867 02:07:55,729 --> 02:07:58,665 THIS IS A RELATIVELY NULL 3868 02:07:58,665 --> 02:08:00,300 TECHNOLOGY, SO IT'S GOING TO 3869 02:08:00,300 --> 02:08:02,669 DEPEND ON THE DEMAND FROM THE 3870 02:08:02,669 --> 02:08:05,772 TECHNOLOGY, BUT ALSO ON THE 3871 02:08:05,772 --> 02:08:06,406 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS. 3872 02:08:06,406 --> 02:08:09,142 THIS IS A VERY RAPIDLY MOVING 3873 02:08:09,142 --> 02:08:10,443 AREA. 3874 02:08:10,443 --> 02:08:11,778 AND OF COURSE THE AVAILABILITY 3875 02:08:11,778 --> 02:08:13,213 OF FUNDS. 3876 02:08:13,213 --> 02:08:15,281 SO I AM AVAILABLE FOR QUESTIONS, 3877 02:08:15,281 --> 02:08:17,283 AND AS WELL AS LET ME RECOGNIZE 3878 02:08:17,283 --> 02:08:21,921 PAULA FLICKER, OUR IN-HOUSE CRYO 3879 02:08:21,921 --> 02:08:23,089 EXPERT. 3880 02:08:23,089 --> 02:08:24,290 SO WE'RE QUITE HAPPY TO ANSWER 3881 02:08:24,290 --> 02:08:25,492 ANY QUESTIONS YOU MAY HAVE. 3882 02:08:25,492 --> 02:08:27,060 >> GREAT, THANK YOU, DOROTHY. 3883 02:08:27,060 --> 02:08:29,929 QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS ON THIS? 3884 02:08:29,929 --> 02:08:32,398 >> YES, AMY. 3885 02:08:32,398 --> 02:08:35,435 AND PAULA WILL CHIME IN IF -- 3886 02:08:35,435 --> 02:08:41,274 >> A COUPLE QUESTIONS. 3887 02:08:41,274 --> 02:08:42,742 IF DATA COLLECTION AND SAMPLE 3888 02:08:42,742 --> 02:08:45,812 PREP CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED AT ALL 3889 02:08:45,812 --> 02:08:47,180 FOUR PLACE, WHY DOUGH WITH HAVE 3890 02:08:47,180 --> 02:08:48,214 THE HUB MODEL? 3891 02:08:48,214 --> 02:08:50,116 >> OH, NO, NO, SAMPLE 3892 02:08:50,116 --> 02:08:52,118 PREPARATION IS ONLY -- SAMPLE 3893 02:08:52,118 --> 02:08:53,386 PREPARATION IS PERFORMED AT ALL 3894 02:08:53,386 --> 02:08:54,954 FOUR PLACES. 3895 02:08:54,954 --> 02:08:56,122 DATA COLLECTION IS ONLY 3896 02:08:56,122 --> 02:08:56,956 PERFORMED AT THE HUB. 3897 02:08:56,956 --> 02:08:58,591 >> BUT IF YOU CAN COLLECT THE 3898 02:08:58,591 --> 02:09:01,227 DATA WITH THE CREOS, WHY CAN'T 3899 02:09:01,227 --> 02:09:02,162 YOU COLLECT THE DATA AT THE 3900 02:09:02,162 --> 02:09:02,695 OTHER PLACES? 3901 02:09:02,695 --> 02:09:05,231 I GUESS A COROLLARY TO THAT IS I 3902 02:09:05,231 --> 02:09:08,067 UNDERSTOOD THE LAMELLAE ARE KIND 3903 02:09:08,067 --> 02:09:09,836 OF FRAGILE SO IT SEEMS YOU CAN 3904 02:09:09,836 --> 02:09:11,137 BREAK THEM WHEN THEY SEND THEM. 3905 02:09:11,137 --> 02:09:12,438 >> THIS IS WHERE A LOT OF 3906 02:09:12,438 --> 02:09:13,573 UNCERTAINTY EXISTS. 3907 02:09:13,573 --> 02:09:15,708 SO NUMBER ONE, NOT ALL OF THE 3908 02:09:15,708 --> 02:09:17,911 PEOPLE WHO GO TO THESE CENTERS 3909 02:09:17,911 --> 02:09:20,246 HAVE ACCESS TO A CREOS. 3910 02:09:20,246 --> 02:09:22,482 SO IN FACT, I WOULD SAY ONE OF 3911 02:09:22,482 --> 02:09:24,517 THE TREMENDOUS ASPECTS OF THESE 3912 02:09:24,517 --> 02:09:29,322 CENTERS IS THAT PEOPLE FROM IDEA 3913 02:09:29,322 --> 02:09:31,791 STATES, RELATIVELY 3914 02:09:31,791 --> 02:09:33,593 UNDERRESOURCED INSTITUTIONS GO 3915 02:09:33,593 --> 02:09:39,465 TO THESE CENTERS, THEY PRODUCE 3916 02:09:39,465 --> 02:09:40,867 LAMELLAE, AND SOME OF THEM ARE, 3917 02:09:40,867 --> 02:09:44,337 IN FACT, THE DATA ARE COLLECTED 3918 02:09:44,337 --> 02:09:46,840 AT WISCONSIN, OR THEY MAY HAVE 3919 02:09:46,840 --> 02:09:50,176 ACCESS TO AN INSTRUMENT THAT IS 3920 02:09:50,176 --> 02:09:52,579 REASONABLY, YOU KNOW, 3921 02:09:52,579 --> 02:09:53,713 GEOGRAPHICALLY CLOSE SO THAT 3922 02:09:53,713 --> 02:09:55,315 THEY DON'T HAVE TO SEND THEM. 3923 02:09:55,315 --> 02:09:57,951 THE QUESTION ABOUT SENDING 3924 02:09:57,951 --> 02:09:59,485 LAMELLAE, THAT HAS NOT YET BEEN 3925 02:09:59,485 --> 02:10:00,086 SETTLED. 3926 02:10:00,086 --> 02:10:02,355 BECAUSE WE JUST HAVEN'T DONE IT 3927 02:10:02,355 --> 02:10:02,989 ENOUGH. 3928 02:10:02,989 --> 02:10:06,793 AND I THINK -- SO WHAT WOULD YOU 3929 02:10:06,793 --> 02:10:17,003 SAY, PAULA? 3930 02:10:20,607 --> 02:10:21,941 >> YOU'RE RIGHT THAT THERE IS 3931 02:10:21,941 --> 02:10:23,610 THIS FEAR IN THE COMMUNITY, BUT 3932 02:10:23,610 --> 02:10:29,315 I'M NOT SURE THAT WE KNOW ENOUGH 3933 02:10:29,315 --> 02:10:31,484 TO BE CERTAIN THAT THAT FEAR IS 3934 02:10:31,484 --> 02:10:31,718 JUST -- 3935 02:10:31,718 --> 02:10:33,052 >> IT'S AMAZINGLY ROBUST. 3936 02:10:33,052 --> 02:10:34,954 >> THEY'RE ROBUST, YEAH. 3937 02:10:34,954 --> 02:10:36,656 >> IT NEARLY ALWAYS WORKS, OF 3938 02:10:36,656 --> 02:10:37,757 COURSE, IF YOU SHIP ANYTHING, 3939 02:10:37,757 --> 02:10:39,826 THE SAME AS IF YOU SHIP 3940 02:10:39,826 --> 02:10:41,261 CRYSTALS, THINGS HAPPEN, 3941 02:10:41,261 --> 02:10:44,964 PACKAGES GET LOST, THEY GET 3942 02:10:44,964 --> 02:10:46,799 STUCK SOMEWHERE AND YOU THINK 3943 02:10:46,799 --> 02:10:48,401 OH, THAT'S NOT GOING TO WORK. 3944 02:10:48,401 --> 02:10:56,109 BUT THE WAY THE LAMELLAE ARE CT 3945 02:10:56,109 --> 02:10:57,243 ALLOWS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF 3946 02:10:57,243 --> 02:10:58,578 WIGGLE ROOM AND THAT HELPS THEM 3947 02:10:58,578 --> 02:10:58,878 TRAVEL. 3948 02:10:58,878 --> 02:11:00,580 >> SO WE'RE NOT -- PEOPLE ARE 3949 02:11:00,580 --> 02:11:03,850 NOT COLLECTING ET DATA AT LIKE N 3950 02:11:03,850 --> 02:11:04,651 CCTT OR -- 3951 02:11:04,651 --> 02:11:07,320 >> WELL, THAT'S WHAT I THOUGHT 3952 02:11:07,320 --> 02:11:08,187 YOU WERE REFERRING TO. 3953 02:11:08,187 --> 02:11:09,522 THEY'RE ACTUALLY SEPARATE 3954 02:11:09,522 --> 02:11:09,756 CENTERS. 3955 02:11:09,756 --> 02:11:10,089 >> YES. 3956 02:11:10,089 --> 02:11:14,294 >> AND SO THEY ARE NOT THE 3957 02:11:14,294 --> 02:11:15,929 SINGLE PARTICLE CENTERS, IT JUST 3958 02:11:15,929 --> 02:11:19,766 SO HAPPENS THAT TWO OF THE 3959 02:11:19,766 --> 02:11:21,701 LOCATIONS OF THE CRYO ET SPOKES 3960 02:11:21,701 --> 02:11:22,802 ARE AT THE LOCATION OF THOSE, 3961 02:11:22,802 --> 02:11:28,308 BUT THEY ARE ACTUALLY SEPARATE 3962 02:11:28,308 --> 02:11:29,809 CENTERS SO THEY CAN USE LOCAL 3963 02:11:29,809 --> 02:11:30,743 INSTRUMENTS AT THE SPOKES JUST 3964 02:11:30,743 --> 02:11:32,378 TO CHECK THINGS, BUT THE DATA 3965 02:11:32,378 --> 02:11:33,813 WAS SET UP AT THE -- BECAUSE 3966 02:11:33,813 --> 02:11:35,214 WHEN WE SET IT UP, WE DIDN'T 3967 02:11:35,214 --> 02:11:37,116 KNOW, AND WE DO NEED TO KEEP 3968 02:11:37,116 --> 02:11:38,117 THEM SEPARATE BECAUSE THEY'RE 3969 02:11:38,117 --> 02:11:40,753 SEPARATE GRANTS. 3970 02:11:40,753 --> 02:11:43,056 SO THAT'S ONE OF THE QUESTIONS. 3971 02:11:43,056 --> 02:11:44,457 AND THE OTHER THING IN NEW YORK 3972 02:11:44,457 --> 02:11:45,692 IS THAT SOME OF THE PEOPLE WHO 3973 02:11:45,692 --> 02:11:49,595 USE THAT CRYO-ET FACILITY ARE 3974 02:11:49,595 --> 02:11:51,464 PART OF THE NEW YORK STRUCTURAL 3975 02:11:51,464 --> 02:11:51,931 BIOLOGY CENTER. 3976 02:11:51,931 --> 02:11:53,833 >> SO YOU HAVE OVERLAP OF -- 3977 02:11:53,833 --> 02:12:02,542 YES. 3978 02:12:02,542 --> 02:12:10,149 >> [INAUDIBLE] -- MILL CHECK, 3979 02:12:10,149 --> 02:12:10,917 MILL CHECK. 3980 02:12:10,917 --> 02:12:13,019 IS IT REITERATIVE BECAUSE THEN 3981 02:12:13,019 --> 02:12:14,721 IT WOULD BE HARDER IF YOU HAVE A 3982 02:12:14,721 --> 02:12:15,355 GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTRAINT. 3983 02:12:15,355 --> 02:12:19,492 >> IT'S ITERATIVE TO FIGURE OUT 3984 02:12:19,492 --> 02:12:23,062 THE BEST WAY TO PREPARE YOUR 3985 02:12:23,062 --> 02:12:25,631 LAMELLA AND PREPARE YOUR SAMPLE. 3986 02:12:25,631 --> 02:12:27,367 BUT JUST TO MAKE SURE YOU 3987 02:12:27,367 --> 02:12:28,234 UNDERSTAND, YOU'RE NOT DOING 3988 02:12:28,234 --> 02:12:28,968 SERIAL SECTIONS. 3989 02:12:28,968 --> 02:12:29,569 >> YEAH. 3990 02:12:29,569 --> 02:12:29,802 OKAY. 3991 02:12:29,802 --> 02:12:32,438 >> YOU'RE DOING ONE LAMELLA. 3992 02:12:32,438 --> 02:12:35,108 >> IT'S ITERATIVE IN TERMS OF 3993 02:12:35,108 --> 02:12:38,077 CROSS-CHECKING WITH THE LIGHT 3994 02:12:38,077 --> 02:12:40,313 MICROSCOPY AND THE MILLING 3995 02:12:40,313 --> 02:12:41,647 AND -- YEAH. 3996 02:12:41,647 --> 02:12:44,117 MAKING SURE THAT YOU'RE GETTING 3997 02:12:44,117 --> 02:12:45,051 THE MATERIAL THAT YOU'RE 3998 02:12:45,051 --> 02:12:48,654 INTERESTED IN. 3999 02:12:48,654 --> 02:12:55,094 YES, LUCY. 4000 02:12:55,094 --> 02:12:58,097 >> COULD YOU COMMENT ON THE NEED 4001 02:12:58,097 --> 02:13:03,002 FOR DATA STORAGE FOR THIS KIND 4002 02:13:03,002 --> 02:13:05,538 OF TECHNOLOGY, PARTICULARLY FOR 4003 02:13:05,538 --> 02:13:08,474 REMOTE USERS WHO MAY NOT HAVE 4004 02:13:08,474 --> 02:13:09,809 CAPACITY FOR DATA STORAGE AT 4005 02:13:09,809 --> 02:13:12,545 THEIR INSTITUTIONS? 4006 02:13:12,545 --> 02:13:15,982 >> IT'S A BIG PROBLEM, BECAUSE 4007 02:13:15,982 --> 02:13:18,117 THESE TOMOGRAMS, YOU'RE TAKING 4008 02:13:18,117 --> 02:13:19,852 MULTIPLE IMAGES AND YOU WANT TO 4009 02:13:19,852 --> 02:13:21,521 COMBINE THEM AND THEY ARE A HUGE 4010 02:13:21,521 --> 02:13:23,156 AMOUNT OF DATA, AND THE WAY WE 4011 02:13:23,156 --> 02:13:25,525 ARE SET UP NOW IS THEY'RE 4012 02:13:25,525 --> 02:13:29,829 TEMPORARILY HELD AT THE HUB, BUT 4013 02:13:29,829 --> 02:13:33,466 THE DATA BELONGS TO THE USERS. 4014 02:13:33,466 --> 02:13:35,701 >> THE HUBS AND -- THEY DO NOT 4015 02:13:35,701 --> 02:13:39,839 HAVE THE CAPACITY TO STORE THE 4016 02:13:39,839 --> 02:13:41,240 DATA INDEFINITELY. 4017 02:13:41,240 --> 02:13:45,011 AND IN IS SOMET THIS IS SOMETHIS 4018 02:13:45,011 --> 02:13:46,746 A LOT, BECAUSE IT'S TERABYTES OF 4019 02:13:46,746 --> 02:13:46,946 DATA. 4020 02:13:46,946 --> 02:13:48,314 >> HOW IS THAT BEING TRANSFERRED 4021 02:13:48,314 --> 02:13:50,116 NOW FOR REMOTE USERS? 4022 02:13:50,116 --> 02:13:51,784 DO THEY COME WITH A LOT OF HARD 4023 02:13:51,784 --> 02:13:54,754 DRIVES IN THEIR SUITCASE? 4024 02:13:54,754 --> 02:13:56,522 OR IS THERE A WAY TO PORT THE 4025 02:13:56,522 --> 02:13:58,224 DATA? 4026 02:13:58,224 --> 02:13:58,624 TO THEM? 4027 02:13:58,624 --> 02:14:00,193 >> OH, I DON'T KNOW ALL THE 4028 02:14:00,193 --> 02:14:04,330 NAMES OF THE ARE -- VARIOUS WAYS 4029 02:14:04,330 --> 02:14:05,798 THAT THEY DO BUT YEAH, THEY CAN 4030 02:14:05,798 --> 02:14:07,600 ACCESS IT, GET IT TRANSFERRED. 4031 02:14:07,600 --> 02:14:09,202 I FORGET WHAT THE LATEST ONE IS 4032 02:14:09,202 --> 02:14:12,038 CALLED. 4033 02:14:12,038 --> 02:14:12,972 >> THANKS. 4034 02:14:12,972 --> 02:14:14,006 I WONDER IF YOU WANTED TO 4035 02:14:14,006 --> 02:14:16,542 COMMENT ON SORT OF THE RELATIVE, 4036 02:14:16,542 --> 02:14:17,810 I DON'T KNOW, BALANCE OF SORT OF 4037 02:14:17,810 --> 02:14:20,780 THE GOAL FOR TRAINING NEW USERS 4038 02:14:20,780 --> 02:14:24,283 VERSUS, I DON'T KNOW, YOU KNOW, 4039 02:14:24,283 --> 02:14:27,987 HAHAVING ECK SITION USERS WHO AE 4040 02:14:27,987 --> 02:14:29,589 DOING CRYO-ET, IS THERE A 4041 02:14:29,589 --> 02:14:30,857 RELATIVE RATIO OF WHAT THE FOCUS 4042 02:14:30,857 --> 02:14:32,391 OF THOSE CENTERS IS GOING TO BE? 4043 02:14:32,391 --> 02:14:35,128 AND ALSO HAS THE CRYO-EM -- I 4044 02:14:35,128 --> 02:14:40,199 KNOW THERE'S TRAINING FOR SINGLE 4045 02:14:40,199 --> 02:14:41,300 PARTICLE PROGRAM. 4046 02:14:41,300 --> 02:14:42,435 THERE'S SORT OF DEMAND FOR YOU 4047 02:14:42,435 --> 02:14:43,936 KNOW TRAINING OF NEW USERS WHO 4048 02:14:43,936 --> 02:14:45,471 MAYBE DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO HIGH 4049 02:14:45,471 --> 02:14:46,439 RESOLUTION AND INSTRUMENTS IN 4050 02:14:46,439 --> 02:14:47,673 THEIR INSTITUTIONS. 4051 02:14:47,673 --> 02:14:49,976 IS THAT DEMAND KEPT -- HAS THAT 4052 02:14:49,976 --> 02:14:51,244 DEMAND KEPT UP WITH AVAILABILITY 4053 02:14:51,244 --> 02:14:52,111 OF THOSE AT THE CENTERS? 4054 02:14:52,111 --> 02:14:54,747 >> ALL OF THE CENTERS, BOTH 4055 02:14:54,747 --> 02:14:59,218 SINGLE PARTICLE CRYO-EM AND 4056 02:14:59,218 --> 02:15:00,052 CRYO-ET PROVIDE TRAINING, THAT 4057 02:15:00,052 --> 02:15:01,220 IS PART OF THEIR MISSION. 4058 02:15:01,220 --> 02:15:02,388 SO HAVE THEY KEPT UP WITH THE 4059 02:15:02,388 --> 02:15:02,855 DEMAND? 4060 02:15:02,855 --> 02:15:08,761 BASED ON THE NUMBERS, 95% OF THE 4061 02:15:08,761 --> 02:15:10,630 APPLICATIONS FOR TIME AT THESE 4062 02:15:10,630 --> 02:15:12,798 CENTERS HAS BEEN -- 95% OF THE 4063 02:15:12,798 --> 02:15:15,234 REQUESTS HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED. 4064 02:15:15,234 --> 02:15:18,204 ONLY 5% HAVE NOT. 4065 02:15:18,204 --> 02:15:23,409 AND BASED ON THE -- SO THERE'S A 4066 02:15:23,409 --> 02:15:25,278 NATIONAL MEETING -- THERE'S AN 4067 02:15:25,278 --> 02:15:26,679 ANNUAL MEETING HELD FOR THESE 4068 02:15:26,679 --> 02:15:28,514 CENTERS EVERY YEAR, AND IT'S 4069 02:15:28,514 --> 02:15:31,150 REALLY HEARTENING TO SEE THE 4070 02:15:31,150 --> 02:15:33,019 BREADTH OF THE INSTITUTIONS FROM 4071 02:15:33,019 --> 02:15:36,155 WHICH THE USERS COME. 4072 02:15:36,155 --> 02:15:37,557 IT'S VERY ENCOURAGING. 4073 02:15:37,557 --> 02:15:40,760 >> AND NEARLY EVERY USER WHO 4074 02:15:40,760 --> 02:15:44,096 APPLIES SO FAR TO THE CRYO ET 4075 02:15:44,096 --> 02:15:47,166 CENTERS NEEDS TRAINING. 4076 02:15:47,166 --> 02:15:51,304 >> IT REALLY IS RELATIVE TO 4077 02:15:51,304 --> 02:15:53,573 SINGLE PARTICLE CRYO-EM AS FAR 4078 02:15:53,573 --> 02:15:55,541 AS I CAN TELL, AND I'M NOT AN 4079 02:15:55,541 --> 02:15:57,109 EXPERT, BUT IT'S REALLY IN ITS 4080 02:15:57,109 --> 02:15:59,078 INFANCY, AND THERE'S A LOT OF 4081 02:15:59,078 --> 02:16:02,448 VERY EXCITING TECHNOLOGY 4082 02:16:02,448 --> 02:16:04,116 DEVELOPMENT THAT'S GOING ON IN 4083 02:16:04,116 --> 02:16:04,483 THIS SPHERE. 4084 02:16:04,483 --> 02:16:05,985 THAT'S WHY WE CAN'T COMMIT TO A 4085 02:16:05,985 --> 02:16:08,421 PARTICULAR MODEL, BECAUSE IN TWO 4086 02:16:08,421 --> 02:16:10,723 YEARS, I THINK THERE ARE GOING 4087 02:16:10,723 --> 02:16:11,991 TO BE SOME PRETTY ASTOUNDING 4088 02:16:11,991 --> 02:16:14,827 DEVELOPMENTS. 4089 02:16:14,827 --> 02:16:16,229 >> I JUST WANT TO SAY THINKING 4090 02:16:16,229 --> 02:16:18,364 ABOUT WE WANT TO BRING NEW 4091 02:16:18,364 --> 02:16:19,065 TECHNOLOGIES FORWARD FOR PEOPLE 4092 02:16:19,065 --> 02:16:20,132 TO USE THEM, AND THAT MEANS 4093 02:16:20,132 --> 02:16:21,434 PEOPLE HAVE TO FEEL WELCOMED AND 4094 02:16:21,434 --> 02:16:22,602 THERE HAS TO BE ACCESS. 4095 02:16:22,602 --> 02:16:24,036 AND I REALLY LIKE THIS IDEA THAT 4096 02:16:24,036 --> 02:16:25,438 YOU HAVE A HUB AND A SPOKE 4097 02:16:25,438 --> 02:16:27,974 BECAUSE YOU'VE GOT NICE 4098 02:16:27,974 --> 02:16:28,641 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION, WHICH 4099 02:16:28,641 --> 02:16:33,012 WE DON'T ALWAYS SEE FOR IM 4100 02:16:33,012 --> 02:16:35,982 TECHNOLOGIES AND MY HOPE IS THAT 4101 02:16:35,982 --> 02:16:37,617 IT'S VERY COLLABORATIVE SO THAT 4102 02:16:37,617 --> 02:16:38,651 WE'RE MOVING FORWARD FASTER 4103 02:16:38,651 --> 02:16:41,854 BECAUSE THERE'S SHARING 4104 02:16:41,854 --> 02:16:42,255 HAPPENING. 4105 02:16:42,255 --> 02:16:43,689 SO THAT SEEMS LIKE A NICE MODEL. 4106 02:16:43,689 --> 02:16:44,357 >> THANK YOU. 4107 02:16:44,357 --> 02:16:44,523 AMY? 4108 02:16:44,523 --> 02:16:47,393 >> SO ONCE YOU COLLECT THE DATA, 4109 02:16:47,393 --> 02:16:51,430 IS THERE A PLAN TO SUPPORT 4110 02:16:51,430 --> 02:16:52,565 TRAINING IN DATA PROCESSING? 4111 02:16:52,565 --> 02:16:53,633 BECAUSE PEOPLE GO HOME AND THEY 4112 02:16:53,633 --> 02:16:55,234 HAVE NO IDEA WHAT TO DO WITH 4113 02:16:55,234 --> 02:16:57,970 THEIR DATA, AND MY UNDERSTANDING 4114 02:16:57,970 --> 02:16:59,205 IS THAT THE CENTERS DON'T HAVE 4115 02:16:59,205 --> 02:17:02,275 THE CAPACITY TO EVEN RECOMMEND 4116 02:17:02,275 --> 02:17:04,910 SOFTWARE. 4117 02:17:04,910 --> 02:17:07,046 >> THEY DO A LITTLE BIT OF THAT 4118 02:17:07,046 --> 02:17:10,883 KIND OF TRAINING, BOTH OF THE 4119 02:17:10,883 --> 02:17:12,385 SINGLE PARTICLE AND THE -- AND 4120 02:17:12,385 --> 02:17:13,519 THEY'RE CONSTANTLY COMPLAINING 4121 02:17:13,519 --> 02:17:16,989 TO ME THEY WOULD LIKE TO DO MO 4122 02:17:16,989 --> 02:17:17,590 MORE. 4123 02:17:17,590 --> 02:17:19,125 WE JUST CHOSE EARLY ON THAT WE 4124 02:17:19,125 --> 02:17:22,228 NEED TO BE ABLE TO GET THE 4125 02:17:22,228 --> 02:17:24,430 IMAGES BEFORE THE IMAGE 4126 02:17:24,430 --> 02:17:24,930 PROCESSING. 4127 02:17:24,930 --> 02:17:28,234 AND IT'S A CONTINUED PROBLEM, 4128 02:17:28,234 --> 02:17:29,769 AND PARTICULARLY IN TOMOGRAPHY, 4129 02:17:29,769 --> 02:17:32,071 AS YOU PROBABLY KNOW, THE ACTUAL 4130 02:17:32,071 --> 02:17:35,474 SOFTWARE IS CHANGING ALL THE 4131 02:17:35,474 --> 02:17:35,941 TIME. 4132 02:17:35,941 --> 02:17:37,276 AND ACTUALLY THAT'S TRUE WITH 4133 02:17:37,276 --> 02:17:40,379 THE SINGLE PARTICLE AS WELL. 4134 02:17:40,379 --> 02:17:41,981 SO WE HAVE SOME ONLINE TRAINING. 4135 02:17:41,981 --> 02:17:45,318 WE HAVE A NEW ONLINE CRIM LUM 4136 02:17:45,318 --> 02:17:46,585 THAT'S IN ITS BETA STAGE, AND 4137 02:17:46,585 --> 02:17:47,820 THAT'S REALLY FOR SINGLE 4138 02:17:47,820 --> 02:17:50,790 PARTICLE FOR THE PROGRAM RELY ON 4139 02:17:50,790 --> 02:17:53,025 THAT WILL BE GOING LIVE THIS 4140 02:17:53,025 --> 02:17:54,760 MONTH FROM UNIVERSITY OF 4141 02:17:54,760 --> 02:17:56,595 MICHIGAN, THAT WAS FUNDED BY 4142 02:17:56,595 --> 02:18:00,933 COMMON FUND, BUT YES, I 4143 02:18:00,933 --> 02:18:02,101 ACTUALLY -- ALL I CAN SAY IS I'M 4144 02:18:02,101 --> 02:18:03,602 NOT SURE WHAT THE ANSWER IS FOR 4145 02:18:03,602 --> 02:18:06,105 THAT. 4146 02:18:06,105 --> 02:18:07,907 >> SO THIS IS ONE WE NEED TO 4147 02:18:07,907 --> 02:18:08,941 VOTE ON. 4148 02:18:08,941 --> 02:18:11,510 SO ERICA? 4149 02:18:11,510 --> 02:18:13,346 >> I MOVE THAT WE APPROVE THIS 4150 02:18:13,346 --> 02:18:14,747 CONCEPT FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT 4151 02:18:14,747 --> 02:18:16,782 AS A FUNDING OPPORTUNITY. 4152 02:18:16,782 --> 02:18:20,786 IS ANYONE OPPOSED? 4153 02:18:20,786 --> 02:18:21,587 IT'S UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED. 4154 02:18:21,587 --> 02:18:22,621 THANK YOU. 4155 02:18:22,621 --> 02:18:23,456 >> GREAT. 4156 02:18:23,456 --> 02:18:24,924 AND I THINK I'LL JUST SIT HERE 4157 02:18:24,924 --> 02:18:26,692 AND YOU CAN RUN THE SLIDES. 4158 02:18:26,692 --> 02:18:28,227 WE HAVE ONE MORE CONCEPT 4159 02:18:28,227 --> 02:18:29,161 CLEARANCE. 4160 02:18:29,161 --> 02:18:30,796 THIS IS -- I MENTIONED TO YOU 4161 02:18:30,796 --> 02:18:33,632 DURING MY TALK, THE NATIONAL AND 4162 02:18:33,632 --> 02:18:35,568 REGIONAL RESOURCES PROGRAM, AND 4163 02:18:35,568 --> 02:18:39,839 WE'D LIKE TO REISSUE THAT. 4164 02:18:39,839 --> 02:18:41,040 SO THE PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAM AS 4165 02:18:41,040 --> 02:18:44,110 I ALREADY MENTIONED TO YOU IS TO 4166 02:18:44,110 --> 02:18:48,347 PROVIDE ACCESS TO MATURE BUT 4167 02:18:48,347 --> 02:18:51,650 CUTTING EDGE MISSION, NIGMS 4168 02:18:51,650 --> 02:18:52,251 MISSION-RELEVANT TECHNOLOGIES 4169 02:18:52,251 --> 02:18:53,552 FOR THE COMMUNITY. 4170 02:18:53,552 --> 02:18:54,754 THEY CREATE ECONOMIES OF SCALE, 4171 02:18:54,754 --> 02:18:57,256 SO IT'S MORE EFFICIENT FOR US TO 4172 02:18:57,256 --> 02:18:58,023 FUND. 4173 02:18:58,023 --> 02:18:59,458 THEY CREATE ECONOMY OF SCALE IN 4174 02:18:59,458 --> 02:19:01,694 THAT MORE PEOPLE CAN GET ACCESS 4175 02:19:01,694 --> 02:19:03,362 TO THEM RATHER THAN TRYING TO 4176 02:19:03,362 --> 02:19:05,231 FUND INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTIONS TO 4177 02:19:05,231 --> 02:19:07,666 HAVE CERTAIN EQUIPMENT, AND 4178 02:19:07,666 --> 02:19:09,468 THEREFORE IT'S REALLY A 4179 02:19:09,468 --> 02:19:12,238 WIN-WIN-WIN SITUATION, I THINK. 4180 02:19:12,238 --> 02:19:13,406 THE RESOURCES ARE ABLE TO 4181 02:19:13,406 --> 02:19:15,841 MAINTAIN THE TECHNOLOGIES AT THE 4182 02:19:15,841 --> 02:19:16,409 STATE OF THE ART RATHER THAN 4183 02:19:16,409 --> 02:19:18,310 HAVING TO TRY TO GET EACH 4184 02:19:18,310 --> 02:19:21,013 INSTITUTION TO DO SO. 4185 02:19:21,013 --> 02:19:24,650 AND THE USER BASIS FOR THESE ARE 4186 02:19:24,650 --> 02:19:26,719 SUPPOSED TO BE VERY SUBSTANTIAL, 4187 02:19:26,719 --> 02:19:27,286 ON THE ORDER OF WHAT WE'RE 4188 02:19:27,286 --> 02:19:32,525 TALKING ABOUT FOR THE CRYOEM 4189 02:19:32,525 --> 02:19:33,592 CENTERS, FOR EXAMPLE. 4190 02:19:33,592 --> 02:19:34,727 I ALREADY GAVE YOU A LINK TO THE 4191 02:19:34,727 --> 02:19:35,928 CURRENTLY FUNDED RESOURCES BUT 4192 02:19:35,928 --> 02:19:37,930 THERE IS A LINK THAT SHOWS WHAT 4193 02:19:37,930 --> 02:19:39,031 WE'RE CURRENTLY FUNDING. 4194 02:19:39,031 --> 02:19:40,065 AND WHAT WE'RE GOING TO CONSIDER 4195 02:19:40,065 --> 02:19:41,767 AS THE ONLY REAL CHANGE TO THIS 4196 02:19:41,767 --> 02:19:43,135 PROGRAM, ADDING TRAINING 4197 02:19:43,135 --> 02:19:44,203 RESOURCES AS THE POSSIBILITY FOR 4198 02:19:44,203 --> 02:19:45,805 THE KINDS OF RESOURCES THAT WE 4199 02:19:45,805 --> 02:19:50,075 WOULD CA SUPPORT. 4200 02:19:50,075 --> 02:19:51,210 SO ANY QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS ON 4201 02:19:51,210 --> 02:19:51,410 THAT? 4202 02:19:51,410 --> 02:19:52,011 WE'VE ALREADY DISCUSSED THIS 4203 02:19:52,011 --> 02:19:54,814 PROGRAM A LITTLE BIT, BUT I 4204 02:19:54,814 --> 02:19:56,715 THINK IT'S ALREADY BEEN HIGHLY 4205 02:19:56,715 --> 02:19:58,451 IMPACTFUL, AND IF WE COULD 4206 02:19:58,451 --> 02:20:00,386 INCREASE THE TYPES OF 4207 02:20:00,386 --> 02:20:01,520 TECHNOLOGIES THAT WE GIVE ACCESS 4208 02:20:01,520 --> 02:20:03,789 TO, IT MIGHT EVEN BE MORE 4209 02:20:03,789 --> 02:20:07,827 IMPACTFUL. 4210 02:20:07,827 --> 02:20:08,928 SO LOOKS LIKE WE WANT TO VOTE. 4211 02:20:08,928 --> 02:20:10,596 >> I MOVE THAT WE APPROVE THIS 4212 02:20:10,596 --> 02:20:11,597 CONCEPT FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT 4213 02:20:11,597 --> 02:20:12,731 AS A FUNDING OPPORTUNITY. 4214 02:20:12,731 --> 02:20:14,700 ANY OPPOSED? 4215 02:20:14,700 --> 02:20:15,534 >> GOOD. 4216 02:20:15,534 --> 02:20:17,503 WE'LL MOVE FORWARD WITH REISSUES 4217 02:20:17,503 --> 02:20:17,803 THAT. 4218 02:20:17,803 --> 02:20:19,872 NOW, FOR THE FIRST TIME SINCE 4219 02:20:19,872 --> 02:20:20,906 THE PANDEMIC, WE ARE ACTUALLY 4220 02:20:20,906 --> 02:20:22,508 GOING TO HAVE A PUBLIC COMMENT 4221 02:20:22,508 --> 02:20:24,310 PERIOD. 4222 02:20:24,310 --> 02:20:27,079 I HAVE WILLIAM R ONE OF THESE 4223 02:20:27,079 --> 02:20:30,049 YELLOW CARDS SAYING OUR GOOD 4224 02:20:30,049 --> 02:20:34,854 FRIEND YVETTE SEGAR WANTS TO 4225 02:20:34,854 --> 02:20:38,491 MAKE A COMMENT. 4226 02:20:38,491 --> 02:20:39,692 ON BEHALF OF 4227 02:20:39,692 --> 02:20:40,359 FAFSA. 4228 02:20:40,359 --> 02:20:41,527 BUT IF YOU JUST GO UP TO THE 4229 02:20:41,527 --> 02:20:42,761 FRONT OF THE ROOM, YOU CAN USE 4230 02:20:42,761 --> 02:20:43,429 THOSE MICS. 4231 02:20:43,429 --> 02:20:44,864 >> I WAS THINKING ABOUT IT, I 4232 02:20:44,864 --> 02:20:46,232 GUESS IT WAS JANUARY 2020 WAS 4233 02:20:46,232 --> 02:20:48,234 THE LAST TIME I HAD THE 4234 02:20:48,234 --> 02:20:50,069 OPPORTUNITY TO TALK ABOUT WHAT 4235 02:20:50,069 --> 02:20:51,670 FASEB IS DOING, AND WE'RE HUGE 4236 02:20:51,670 --> 02:20:52,938 FANS OF COUNCIL, SO I JUST -- 4237 02:20:52,938 --> 02:20:54,340 BEFORE I GET STARTED, I WANT TO 4238 02:20:54,340 --> 02:20:55,307 POINT OUT THAT I HAVE TWO 4239 02:20:55,307 --> 02:20:58,544 COLLEAGUES WITH ME. 4240 02:20:58,544 --> 02:21:03,315 FRANEC AND -- NAOMI IS PROBABLY 4241 02:21:03,315 --> 02:21:05,451 WATCHING AND JUDGING US FROM 4242 02:21:05,451 --> 02:21:07,119 AFAR ON THE VIRTUAL SPACE. 4243 02:21:07,119 --> 02:21:10,155 SO THIS IS MUST SEE TV FOR US AT 4244 02:21:10,155 --> 02:21:10,523 FASIB. 4245 02:21:10,523 --> 02:21:11,757 SO WHAT I WANTED TO TALK ABOUT 4246 02:21:11,757 --> 02:21:13,859 TODAY, I HAD TO CONDENSE 4247 02:21:13,859 --> 02:21:15,794 EVERYTHING DOWN BECAUSE WE'VE 4248 02:21:15,794 --> 02:21:16,929 DONE A LOT SINCE JANUARY OF 4249 02:21:16,929 --> 02:21:17,396 2020. 4250 02:21:17,396 --> 02:21:18,964 BUT I WANTED TO TALK A LITTLE 4251 02:21:18,964 --> 02:21:20,633 BIT ABOUT OUTPUTS FROM OUR 4252 02:21:20,633 --> 02:21:22,535 ANNUAL SCIENCE POLICY SYMPOSIUM. 4253 02:21:22,535 --> 02:21:24,970 IF YOU'RE NOT FAMILIAR WITH 4254 02:21:24,970 --> 02:21:27,373 FASIB, WE ARE A COALITION OF 22 4255 02:21:27,373 --> 02:21:28,841 SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES IN THE 4256 02:21:28,841 --> 02:21:30,342 BIOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL 4257 02:21:30,342 --> 02:21:31,377 SCIENCES, AND IN THE SCIENCE 4258 02:21:31,377 --> 02:21:33,512 POLICY SHOP, WE HAVE AN ANNUAL 4259 02:21:33,512 --> 02:21:35,080 SCIENCE POLICY SYMPOSIUM THAT IS 4260 02:21:35,080 --> 02:21:37,850 INTENDED TO REALLY GRAB ON TO 4261 02:21:37,850 --> 02:21:39,418 THE MEATY TOPIC SIMILAR TO WHAT 4262 02:21:39,418 --> 02:21:40,786 YOU DO HERE AT COUNCIL, AND 4263 02:21:40,786 --> 02:21:42,955 START THINKING ABOUT WHAT CAN 4264 02:21:42,955 --> 02:21:44,490 FASIB DO TO GROW THESE THINGS. 4265 02:21:44,490 --> 02:21:45,658 AND SO I'M GOING TO TELL YOU 4266 02:21:45,658 --> 02:21:47,059 ABOUT THE OUTPUTS OF TWO 4267 02:21:47,059 --> 02:21:49,361 COUNCILS, VERY QUICKLY, JON, I 4268 02:21:49,361 --> 02:21:50,629 REASSURE YOU, I WILL BE QUICK. 4269 02:21:50,629 --> 02:21:52,698 SO IN 2018, AND I THINK I WAS 4270 02:21:52,698 --> 02:21:54,667 SITTING OVER THERE DURING 4271 02:21:54,667 --> 02:21:57,770 COUNCIL WHEN DR. GAMMY WAS 4272 02:21:57,770 --> 02:21:58,938 TALKING ABOUT REORGANIZING THE 4273 02:21:58,938 --> 02:22:00,105 TRAINING PROGRAM, I USED THAT AS 4274 02:22:00,105 --> 02:22:02,741 A RUNWAY TO THINK ABOUT HOW 4275 02:22:02,741 --> 02:22:05,978 FASIB APPROACHINGS DIVERSITY, 4276 02:22:05,978 --> 02:22:06,579 EQUITY, ACCESSIBILITY AND I 4277 02:22:06,579 --> 02:22:07,580 COLLUSION PROGRAMS IN ITS OWN 4278 02:22:07,580 --> 02:22:08,080 PROGRAMMING. 4279 02:22:08,080 --> 02:22:09,415 SO THAT LED TO THE DEVELOPMENT 4280 02:22:09,415 --> 02:22:13,252 OF TWO PROGRAMS THAT WE'VE BEEN 4281 02:22:13,252 --> 02:22:16,121 GROWING SINCE THAT TIME. 4282 02:22:16,121 --> 02:22:17,022 THE FIRST ONE IS CARES. 4283 02:22:17,022 --> 02:22:18,490 IT IS A TORTURED ACRONYM BUT IT 4284 02:22:18,490 --> 02:22:20,726 DOES HAVE MEANING. 4285 02:22:20,726 --> 02:22:22,695 SO IF STANDS FOR CAREER 4286 02:22:22,695 --> 02:22:23,429 ADVANCEMENT AND RESEARCH 4287 02:22:23,429 --> 02:22:23,862 EXCELLENCE SUPPORT. 4288 02:22:23,862 --> 02:22:28,133 THE BOTTOM LINE IS THAT THIS IS 4289 02:22:28,133 --> 02:22:29,501 A $5,000 AWARDS TO SUPPORT 4290 02:22:29,501 --> 02:22:31,837 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF 4291 02:22:31,837 --> 02:22:33,305 CAREGIVERS. 4292 02:22:33,305 --> 02:22:34,473 AND REALLY JUST THINKING ABOUT 4293 02:22:34,473 --> 02:22:37,309 HOW DO WE DEFRAY COSTS THAT MAY 4294 02:22:37,309 --> 02:22:40,079 PREVENT INDIVIDUALS FROM 4295 02:22:40,079 --> 02:22:40,846 PURSUING CAREER OPPORTUNITIES 4296 02:22:40,846 --> 02:22:43,115 LIKE GOING TO CONFERENCES OR 4297 02:22:43,115 --> 02:22:44,450 SPENDING EXTRA TIME IN THE LAB 4298 02:22:44,450 --> 02:22:45,551 WORKING ON A MANUSCRIPT OR 4299 02:22:45,551 --> 02:22:46,785 TAKING A SCIENTIFIC COURSE. 4300 02:22:46,785 --> 02:22:50,856 SO SINCE THE PROJECT LAUNCHED IN 4301 02:22:50,856 --> 02:22:52,057 2022, WE'VE MADE 17 SUCH AWARDS 4302 02:22:52,057 --> 02:22:53,726 AND WE ANTICIPATE MAKING 10 MORE 4303 02:22:53,726 --> 02:22:55,427 THIS YEAR. 4304 02:22:55,427 --> 02:22:56,695 SO IF YOU WANT TO TALK MORE 4305 02:22:56,695 --> 02:22:59,398 ABOUT THAT, HAPPY TO ALWAYS 4306 02:22:59,398 --> 02:23:00,132 ENGAGE AFTERWARDS. 4307 02:23:00,132 --> 02:23:03,869 ANOTHER PROGRAM THAT CAME OUT OF 4308 02:23:03,869 --> 02:23:06,271 THAT SYMPOSIUM IS ONE THAT WE'RE 4309 02:23:06,271 --> 02:23:07,339 REALLY PROUD. 4310 02:23:07,339 --> 02:23:10,643 IT HAS THE ACRONYM LEADERSHIP 4311 02:23:10,643 --> 02:23:12,311 ENGAGEMENT AND APPRECIATION OF 4312 02:23:12,311 --> 02:23:13,746 DIFFERENCES, LEAD. 4313 02:23:13,746 --> 02:23:14,947 THIS IS OUR REVERSE MENTORING 4314 02:23:14,947 --> 02:23:15,314 PROGRAM. 4315 02:23:15,314 --> 02:23:16,548 I DON'T KNOW IF YOU'VE HEARD OF 4316 02:23:16,548 --> 02:23:17,349 REVERSE MENTORING. 4317 02:23:17,349 --> 02:23:19,885 IT IS VERY POPULAR IN THE 4318 02:23:19,885 --> 02:23:21,854 BUSINESS SECTOR, BUT WE REALLY 4319 02:23:21,854 --> 02:23:23,555 HADN'T SEEN IT HAPPEN IN 4320 02:23:23,555 --> 02:23:24,390 SCIENCE. 4321 02:23:24,390 --> 02:23:25,724 AND AGAIN, THIS IS SOMETHING WE 4322 02:23:25,724 --> 02:23:29,228 LAUNCHED IN 2022. 4323 02:23:29,228 --> 02:23:32,398 WE'VE MATCHED 12 PAIRS. 4324 02:23:32,398 --> 02:23:33,432 APPLICATIONS ARE ACTUALLY OPEN 4325 02:23:33,432 --> 02:23:35,734 NOW AND IT DOES NOT REQUIRE 4326 02:23:35,734 --> 02:23:38,103 AFFILIATION WITH A FASIB MEMBER 4327 02:23:38,103 --> 02:23:38,637 SOCIETY. 4328 02:23:38,637 --> 02:23:40,172 SO WE'LL PARAJUNIOR LEVEL MENTOR 4329 02:23:40,172 --> 02:23:41,707 WITH A SENIOR LEVEL MENTEE, AND 4330 02:23:41,707 --> 02:23:44,243 WHAT WE CAN OFFER AT AN 4331 02:23:44,243 --> 02:23:45,844 ORGANIZATION LIKE FASIB THAT YOU 4332 02:23:45,844 --> 02:23:47,146 MIGHT NOT GET AT A PRIVATE 4333 02:23:47,146 --> 02:23:50,849 INDUSTRY IS THAT THERE ISN'T 4334 02:23:50,849 --> 02:23:52,484 THAT DIRECT TIE OF 4335 02:23:52,484 --> 02:23:53,218 EMPLOYER-EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP 4336 02:23:53,218 --> 02:23:54,753 SO WE'RE ABLE TO GET MENTORS AND 4337 02:23:54,753 --> 02:23:56,655 MENTEES WHO DON'T HAVE -- 4338 02:23:56,655 --> 02:23:57,756 THEY'RE WELL MATCHED BUT THEY 4339 02:23:57,756 --> 02:23:59,958 DON'T HAVE TO RELY ON EACH OTHER 4340 02:23:59,958 --> 02:24:00,492 FOR THEIR JOBS. 4341 02:24:00,492 --> 02:24:01,794 SO THOSE M ALLOCATIONS ARE OPEN 4342 02:24:01,794 --> 02:24:03,429 THROUGH JUNE 14TH. 4343 02:24:03,429 --> 02:24:06,532 AGAIN, HAPPY TO TALK ABOUT THAT. 4344 02:24:06,532 --> 02:24:09,101 MOVING FORWARD IN TIME, OUR MOST 4345 02:24:09,101 --> 02:24:10,969 RECENT SYMPOSIUM WAS 4346 02:24:10,969 --> 02:24:11,303 OCTOBER 2023. 4347 02:24:11,303 --> 02:24:15,174 WE FEATURED A GUEST SPEAKER, JON 4348 02:24:15,174 --> 02:24:16,475 LORSCH, YOU MIGHT KNOW HIM, AND 4349 02:24:16,475 --> 02:24:18,844 WE LOOKED AT WAYS FASIB COULD 4350 02:24:18,844 --> 02:24:20,112 SUPPORT CAPACITY BUILDING 4351 02:24:20,112 --> 02:24:23,682 THROUGH THE IDEA AND UPSCORE 4352 02:24:23,682 --> 02:24:25,951 PROGRAM, SO AS USUAL, JON GAVE A 4353 02:24:25,951 --> 02:24:27,019 VERY INSPIRING TALK AS WELL AS 4354 02:24:27,019 --> 02:24:29,688 WE HAD REPRESENTATION FROM NSF. 4355 02:24:29,688 --> 02:24:32,891 SINCE THAT CONVENING, YOU KNOW, 4356 02:24:32,891 --> 02:24:35,494 FFASIB LEADERS LATCHED ON TO 4357 02:24:35,494 --> 02:24:35,728 THIS. 4358 02:24:35,728 --> 02:24:37,529 MANY OF OUR BOARD MEMBERS AND 4359 02:24:37,529 --> 02:24:39,565 SCIENCE POLICY COMMITTEE MEMBERS 4360 02:24:39,565 --> 02:24:41,266 ARE IN IDEA STATES, SO THIS IS A 4361 02:24:41,266 --> 02:24:43,569 PASSION PROJECT FOR THEM. 4362 02:24:43,569 --> 02:24:44,937 AND SO WE HAVE TWO ACTIVITIES 4363 02:24:44,937 --> 02:24:47,172 THAT WE'RE WORKING ON RIGHT NOW. 4364 02:24:47,172 --> 02:24:49,508 AND THE FIRST ONE IS A SERIES OF 4365 02:24:49,508 --> 02:24:51,276 WEBINARS FEATURING IDEA AND 4366 02:24:51,276 --> 02:24:53,212 UPSCORE SUPPORTED INVESTIGATORS 4367 02:24:53,212 --> 02:24:54,413 AND THE FIRST WEBINAR IS 4368 02:24:54,413 --> 02:24:56,215 SCHEDULED FOR JUNE 26 AND WE 4369 02:24:56,215 --> 02:24:57,983 WILL HAVE A P.I. AND TWO EARLY 4370 02:24:57,983 --> 02:25:00,619 CAREER RESEARCHERS FROM 4371 02:25:00,619 --> 02:25:01,186 MISSISSIPPI. 4372 02:25:01,186 --> 02:25:04,022 WE'LL HAVE TWO ADDITIONAL STATES 4373 02:25:04,022 --> 02:25:05,524 FEATURED, NEW MEXICO AND KANSAS 4374 02:25:05,524 --> 02:25:06,658 IN WEBINARS IN AUGUST AND 4375 02:25:06,658 --> 02:25:08,460 OCTOBER. 4376 02:25:08,460 --> 02:25:10,162 AND THEN BECAUSE WE LOVE A GOOD 4377 02:25:10,162 --> 02:25:12,097 FACT SHEET AT FASIB, I DON'T 4378 02:25:12,097 --> 02:25:13,432 KNOW IF ANY OF YOU GO TO THE 4379 02:25:13,432 --> 02:25:15,100 FASIB WEBSITE KNOW WE HAVE A TON 4380 02:25:15,100 --> 02:25:17,636 OF ADVOCACY MATERIALS TO SUPPORT 4381 02:25:17,636 --> 02:25:18,170 YOUR WORK. 4382 02:25:18,170 --> 02:25:19,638 WE ARE ALSO WORKING ON 4383 02:25:19,638 --> 02:25:21,340 DEVELOPING FACT SHEETS ABOUT THE 4384 02:25:21,340 --> 02:25:24,443 IMPACT OF IDEA AND UPSCORE 4385 02:25:24,443 --> 02:25:25,410 FUNDING STATE BY STATE SO THAT 4386 02:25:25,410 --> 02:25:27,412 WE CAN ADD THESE TO OUR ADVOCACY 4387 02:25:27,412 --> 02:25:28,480 MATERIALS. 4388 02:25:28,480 --> 02:25:30,382 SO KEEP WATCHING THIS SPACE, AND 4389 02:25:30,382 --> 02:25:31,517 WE'RE WORKING ON THE DEVELOPMENT 4390 02:25:31,517 --> 02:25:35,320 OF THE 2024 SCIENCE POLICY 4391 02:25:35,320 --> 02:25:37,122 SYMPOSIUM RIGHT NOW, AND SO 4392 02:25:37,122 --> 02:25:38,123 USUALLY THAT'S FODDER TO COME 4393 02:25:38,123 --> 02:25:39,658 TALK TO YOU ABOUT. 4394 02:25:39,658 --> 02:25:42,394 LAST THING I JUST WANTED TO 4395 02:25:42,394 --> 02:25:44,463 MENTION IS FASIB'S SUPPORT AND 4396 02:25:44,463 --> 02:25:46,598 COORDINATION OF A BIOMEDICAL 4397 02:25:46,598 --> 02:25:49,101 TRAINING PROGRAM DIRECTOR'S 4398 02:25:49,101 --> 02:25:50,602 CONFERENCE LATER THIS SUMMER, 4399 02:25:50,602 --> 02:25:52,237 JULY 8TH THROUGH TENTH. 4400 02:25:52,237 --> 02:25:57,009 I'M WORKING WITH MY COLLEAGUE 4401 02:25:57,009 --> 02:25:58,277 ANDREA BOWERFIND WITH SOME LONG 4402 02:25:58,277 --> 02:25:59,478 TIME TRAINING DIRECTORS TO 4403 02:25:59,478 --> 02:26:00,445 DEVELOP THAT AGENDA. 4404 02:26:00,445 --> 02:26:02,447 I HAVE A QR CODE IF YOU'D LOVE 4405 02:26:02,447 --> 02:26:05,017 TO SCAN THAT, BULL IF YOU ARE A 4406 02:26:05,017 --> 02:26:06,218 PROGRAM DIRECTOR OR HAVE 4407 02:26:06,218 --> 02:26:07,820 COLLEAGUES WHO WOULD BENEFIT 4408 02:26:07,820 --> 02:26:09,321 FROM THAT NETWORK OF PROGRAM 4409 02:26:09,321 --> 02:26:10,389 DIRECTORS, WE'RE REALLY EXCITED 4410 02:26:10,389 --> 02:26:12,724 TO HAVE THIS MEETING. 4411 02:26:12,724 --> 02:26:13,959 IT'S THE FIRST TIME THEY'RE 4412 02:26:13,959 --> 02:26:17,296 GETTING TOGETHER SINCE 2019. 4413 02:26:17,296 --> 02:26:21,266 SO PLEASE DO SCAN MY QR CODE OR 4414 02:26:21,266 --> 02:26:23,969 FOLLOW UP WITH US TO LEARN MORE 4415 02:26:23,969 --> 02:26:25,003 BECAUSE THE BIGGER -- THE MORE 4416 02:26:25,003 --> 02:26:26,238 PEOPLE THAT ARE IN THAT ROOM, 4417 02:26:26,238 --> 02:26:28,173 WE'RE ALSO HOPING TO REACH 4418 02:26:28,173 --> 02:26:30,776 ASPIRING PROGRAM DIRECTORS 4419 02:26:30,776 --> 02:26:31,877 THROUGH THIS CONFERENCE AS WELL. 4420 02:26:31,877 --> 02:26:32,811 SO THAT'S EVERYTHING I HAVE FOR 4421 02:26:32,811 --> 02:26:33,145 YOU. 4422 02:26:33,145 --> 02:26:35,347 I COULD GO ON AND ON BUT JON 4423 02:26:35,347 --> 02:26:37,049 WILL GIVE ME THE HOOK. 4424 02:26:37,049 --> 02:26:37,649 SO THANK YOU. 4425 02:26:37,649 --> 02:26:40,953 >> THANK YOU, YVETTE. 4426 02:26:40,953 --> 02:26:42,454 IT'S ALWAYS GREAT TO WORK WITH 4427 02:26:42,454 --> 02:26:42,654 FASIB. 4428 02:26:42,654 --> 02:26:43,856 ARE THERE ANY OTHER GROUPS THAT 4429 02:26:43,856 --> 02:26:46,592 WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A COMMENT? 4430 02:26:46,592 --> 02:26:49,561 I COULDN'T CONVINCE KEVIN. 4431 02:26:49,561 --> 02:26:50,329 ALL RIGHT. 4432 02:26:50,329 --> 02:26:52,064 WELL, NEXT TIME MAYBE WE'LL GET 4433 02:26:52,064 --> 02:26:53,065 MORE, BUT THAT'S ALL THE 4434 02:26:53,065 --> 02:26:55,267 BUSINESS WE HAVE FOR YOU. 4435 02:26:55,267 --> 02:26:56,301 DOES ANYONE ELSE HAVE ANY 4436 02:26:56,301 --> 02:26:57,002 BUSINESS THEY WOULD LIKE TO 4437 02:26:57,002 --> 02:27:00,472 BRING UP? 4438 02:27:00,472 --> 02:27:01,240 OKAY. 4439 02:27:01,240 --> 02:27:02,474 WELL, THEN WE ARE FREE TO HAVE 4440 02:27:02,474 --> 02:27:04,843 LUNCH BEFORE THE CLOSED SESSION. 4441 02:27:04,843 --> 02:27:06,712 I BELIEVE WE CAN LEAVE OUR 4442 02:27:06,712 --> 02:27:07,379 THINGS HERE. 4443 02:27:07,379 --> 02:27:08,380 MATT, WILL THERE BE SOMEBODY IN 4444 02:27:08,380 --> 02:27:09,381 THE ROOM? 4445 02:27:09,381 --> 02:27:09,648 PERFECT. 4446 02:27:09,648 --> 02:27:11,350 AND IF ANYONE WOULD LIKE TO HAVE 4447 02:27:11,350 --> 02:27:13,118 LUNCH OUTSIDE ON THIS BEAUTIFUL 4448 02:27:13,118 --> 02:27:17,623 DAY, DORIT AND I WILL LEAD AN 4449 02:27:17,623 --> 02:27:18,557 EXPEDITION, SO ONCE YOU PICK UP 4450 02:27:18,557 --> 02:27:19,691 YOUR LUNCH, MEET US AT THE 4451 02:27:19,691 --> 02:27:20,692 BOTTOM OF THE STAIRS, BUT THANK 4452 02:27:20,692 --> 02:27:24,029 YOU, EVERYBODY. 4453 02:27:24,029 --> 02:27:25,530 >> THEY WILL BE IN THE HALLWAY 4454 02:27:25,530 --> 02:27:26,698 HERE AND OF COURSE THE CAFETERIA 4455 02:27:26,698 --> 02:27:30,102 IS OPEN UPSTAIRS. 4456 02:27:30,102 --> 02:27:35,807 [GAVEL POUNDING]