ALL RIGHT GOOD AFTERNOON,
EVERYONE.
WELCOME TO THE 155th MEETING
OF THE NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL
ON AGING.
MY NAME'S KEN SANTORA, I'M THE
EXEC SEC FOR THIS COUNCIL
MEETING AND SO WE WILL GET
STARTED WITH OPENING REMARKS
FROM OUR DIRECTOR DR. RICHARD
HODES.
SO WE WILL START WITH RICHARD.
RICHARD, PLEASE?
>> THANK YOU KENT, WELL WELCOME
TO THE 155th AND OPEN SESSION.
I WILL START WITH SOME BRIEF
COMMENTS AND UPDATES FOR YOU AND
THEN WE WILL OPEN THAT UP TO
QUESTIONS.
MAY I HAVE THE NEXT SLIDE
PLEASE.
SO FIRST SLIDE IS TO SHARE WITH
YOU THE SAD NEWS OF THE LOSS OF
NEIL BUCKHOLZ, MANY OF YOU KNEW
HIM, HE SERVE AS THE DIRECTOR OF
NEUROSCIENCE FOR THE NIA, HE WAS
WITH THE INSTITUTE FOR 25 YEARS
BEFORE HE RETIRES, I THINK FOR
THE SECOND OR THIRD TIME BECAUSE
WE KEPT CALLING HIM BACK.
HE LEFT AN ENORMOUS HERITAGE FOR
WHAT HE ACCOMPLISHED, THE
PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIPS, FOR PROFIT
ORGANIZATIONS CONTRIBUTE TO A
COMMON FUND OF KNOWLEDGE FOR THE
GOOD OF ALL INVOLVED IN A
PRECOMPETITIVE SENSE, THE WAY IN
WHICH DATA WAS MADE AVAILABLE
FREELYY AND IMMEDIATELY, ALL
THIS OPEN SCIENCE, COLLABORATIVE
SCIENCE, REALLY OWE TO NEAL SOME
OF THE IMPORTANT LANDMARKS IN
ALL OF THIS.
SO, HIS MEMORIAL SERVICE, HIS
FUNERAL, MANY SPOKE TO THESE
CONTRIBUTIONS AND ABOVE ALL, WE
WAS MODEST TAKING A LITTLE
CREDIT FOR ANYTHING, THOUGH HE
DESERVED CREDIT AND WE MISSED
HIM SINCE THAT TIME AND WE'RE
JUST GRATEFUL FOR ALL THE TIME
HE HAD WITH HIM AND WHAT HE HAS
CONTRIBUTED.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
THIS IS 1 DATA SUMMARY SLIDE OF
THE TRENDS IN NIA, NIH SUPPORTED
ADRD CLINICAL TRIALS AND I SHOW
IT TO EMPHASIZE THE WAY IN WHICH
THANKS TO THE INCREASED
APPROPRIATIONS AND SUPPORT BY
BOTH SIDE OF THE CONGRESS AND
MULTIPLE ADMINISTRATIONS WE'VE
GROWN A RESOURCE THAT HAS
ALLOWED US TO GAIN NEW INSIGHT
INTOS THE CELLULAR, MOLECULAR
EXPOETICSOME RELATED RISK
FACTORS AND THINGS THAT LEAD TO
ALZHEIMERS AND DEMENTIA AND OVER
TIME HOW THE CLINICAL TRIALS
HAVE GROWN AND MORE IMPORTANTLY
HOW WE LEARN ABOUT THE DIVERSITY
OF THESE TRIALS HAS INCREASED.
SO WE LOOK JUST AT THE BOTTOM
LINE, 2023, LAST YEAR FOR WHICH
WE HAVE THE COMPLETE DATA YOU
CAN SEE FIRST TO THE RIGHT, THE
LARGEST SIDE OF THE BAR, IS THE
NONPHARMAICOLOGGIC TRIAL, SO
MORE FARM THAN FARM IN THE
COMBINATION OF TREATMENT AND
PREVENTIVE CLINICAL TRIALS.
AND THEN TO THE PHARMAICOLOGGIC
TRIALS ON THE LEFT, THE GREENS,
ARE THE NONAMYLOID AND THE BLUE
AMYLOID SO ALTHOUGH AMYLOID
REMAINS AN IMPORTANT TARGET, WAS
VERY MUCH THE FIRST
HISTORICALLY, WE LEARNED SO MUCH
MORE ABOUT THE HETEROGENEITY IN
THE BRAIN, NEW TARGETS AND
CONTINUE TO DIVERSIFY OUR
PORTFOLIO SO THAT IN 2023, ON
ONLY 15% IN FACT WERE TARGETING
AMYLOID AND POINT THIS OUT TO
ALL OF YOU TO STRESS HOW MUCH
WE'RE GRATEFUL FOR THE WAY IN
WHICH INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH HAS
LED TO US, NOW IS BEING
TRANSLATED INTO CLINICAL
INTERVENTIONS TARGETING MANY OF
THE PROCEEDS INVOLVED IN
ALZHEIMER'S AND RELATED
DEMENTIAS.
NEXT PLEASE.
CONGRESS ASKED US, NIA AND NINDS
TO COMMISSION THE NATIONAL
ACADEMIES TO CARRY OUT A STUDY
OF THE PRIORITIES FOR PREVENTING
AND TREATING AD-ADRD, AND
ALZHEIMER DEMENTIAS AND COMING
FROM THIS WAS A LIST OF
SUGGIESTED PRIORITIES, WE CREDIT
THE WORK ENORMOUSLY THAT WAS
DONE BY A VERY, VERY WELL
INFORMED AND EXPERT PANEL,
RESULTS RELEASED DECEMBER AND
WE'RE STILL IN THE PROCESS OF
WORKING THROUGH AND TRANSLATING
THEM INTO PART OF OUR PLANNING
PROCESS, AND PRIORITY SETTING.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
THIS IS A LIST OF THE 5
STRATEGIES THAT WERE
RECOMMENDED: INHANSING
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES, AND THIS
HAS BEEN AND CONTINUES TO BE AN
IMPORTANT AREA OF WHAT WE DO.
ENABLING MULTIDISCIPLINARY
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH
INCREASINGLY INVOLVING THE
SPECTRUM FROM MOLECULAR AND
GENETIC OMICS THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSEDDURES AND
CLINICAL RESEARCH, FOSTERING
INCLUSIVE WERE, NOTABLY DIRECTED
AT THOSE POPULATIONS WHO ARE AT
RISK FOR DISEASE THAT OCCUR WITH
AGING AND WITH AD AND ADRD, AND
INCREASING ACCEPTABLE AND
USABILITY OF BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES,
GREAT PROGRESS HERE BUT STILL TO
BE OPEN SCIENCE AND THE SHARING
OF INFORMATION HAS BEEN A LARGE
COMPONENT OF WHAT'S RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE PROGRESS WE HAVE MADE.
AND THEN CATALYZING
TRANSFORMATIONAL CHARGE THROUGH
INNOVATIVE AD/ADRD RESEARCH, AND
WHAT WE'VE BEEN DOING IS
POINTING TO THE INDIVIDUAL
CAUSES OF DEMENTIA DEFINED
CLINICALLY, THERE ARE LIKELY TO
BE AND THERE'S EVIDENCE THAT
THERE ARE COMMON MECHANISMS FOR
THE EDITION AND ECTOMYOSIN
DOCTORING OUR TRANSLATIONAL
EFFORTS AND INDIVIDUAL DEMENTIAS
TARGETING SOME OF THOSE THAT
EVOLVE BOTH THE UPSTREAM AND
DOWN STREAM COMMON FACTORS FOR
THE MULTIPLE CAUSES OF DEMENTIA
NEXT PLEASE.
I WANT TO ANNOUNCE THAT THE
BUTLER SCHOLAR PROGRAM WILL
CONTINUE DESPITE ALL THE CHANGES
THAT ARE OCCURRING.
WE WILL HOLD THIS
AUGUST 25th-27th 2025, THE
ELIGIBLE CRITERIA, I THINK MANY
OF YOU ARE AWARE OF WERE PASSED
THE DEADLINES NOW BUT WE'RE
CONTINUE THIS 1 OF THE IMPORTANT
MECHANISMS FOR BRINGING JUNIOR
FACULTY, RESEARCHERS NEW TO THE
FIELD, AND WILL CONTINUE TO
PROVIDE UPDATES ABOUT DATES FOR
THE FORTH COMING 1S, HIGHLY
COMPETITIVE, NOT EVERYONE
APPLIES AS A SLIDE BUT WE WILL
BE CHARGING THOSE THAT DON'T
MAKE IT THIS YEAR TO COME BACK
FOR NEXT, STAY TUNED FOR THE
ANNOUNCEMENTS, WHEN WE SELECT
WHO WILL BE OUR CLASS FOR 2025,
AND THANK YOU IN ADVANCE AND IN
RETROSPECT FOR ALL OF YOU, OUR
COUNCIL MEMBERS AND OTHERS IN
THE COMMUNITY WHO PLAYED AN
IMPORTANT ROLE AS THE FACULTY
FOR IN IMPORTANT ENTERPRISE.
NEXT PLEASE.
SINCE DECEMBER, LAST COUNCIL
MEETING THEN, WE'VE RELEASED
SOME 34 WERE HIGHLIGHTS,
PUBLICATIONS, 17 BLOGS AND A
NUMBER OF ANNOUNCEMENTS HERE SO
CONTINUING TO SHARE WITH THE
PUBLIC IN VARIOUS AUDIENCES, THE
PROGRESS THAT'S BEEN MADE IN THE
AREAS SUPPORTED BY NIA.
NEXT PLEASE.
SINCE SEPTEMBER, WE AND STAFF
HAVE PARTICIPATE INDEED A NUMBER
OF MEETINGS WITH ADVOCACY
GROUPS, 1 CONGRESSIONAL STAFF
VISIT, NUMBER OF BRIEFINGS AND
HEARINGS AND A VARIETY OF TOPICS
AROWNT DEMENTIAS, IMMUNO
SENESCENCE, HEALTHY AGE NOTHING
GENERAL.
NEXT PLEASE.
ONE ANNOUNCEMENT SOMEONE WHO IN
PARTICULAR OUR COUNCIL MEMBERS
NO SO WELL, WHO HAS BEEN THE
FACE OF OUR COUNCIL AND DEPUTY
DIRECTOR FOR OUR EXTRAMURAL
ACTIVITIES SERVED WELL SINCE
2006 WHEN HE FIRST JOINED NIA,
HE ANSWERED THE CALL FROM 1 OF
OUR SISTER INSTITUTES THE NIDCR,
DIVISION OF DENTAL AND
CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH WHO WILL
NOW HAVE BENEFIT OF HIS CAPACITY
ON DETAIL INITIALLY AS THE
ACTING DIRECTOR OF DIA, SO HE
STEPPED UP RECOGNIZING
LEADERSHIP HE EXPRESSED HERE AND
OPPORTUNITY TO EXPAND THOSE IN
THE FUTURE AND HOPING OUR PATHS
WILL CONTINUE TO CROSS WITH
SANOJ, AND SO THANK YOU, THANK
YOU ON BEHALF OF COUNCIL
MEMBERS, MANY OF THEM EXPRESSED
THEIR THANKS TO YOU ALREADY, I
KNOW.
NEXT PLEASE, AND FINALLY THANKS
FOR YOUR ATTENTION THROUGH THIS
BRIEF OVERVIEW AND AN
OPPORTUNITY NOW TO DISCUSS
QUESTIONS YOU MAY HAVE OR ANY
FURTHER COMMENTS YOU WOULD LIKE
TO MAKE.
THANK YOU.
>> GREAT, THANK YOU VERY MUCH,
RICHARD.
QUESTIONS?
DARREN, START US OFF?
>> THANK FORS THAT, QUESTION I
HAD WAS A AMOUNT OF NARM
PHARMAICOLOGICAL TRIALS IS THAT
DUE THE DUE TO TEMPERING OF
EXCITEMENT FROM PHARMACEUTICAL
COMPANIES IN THE SPACE OR IS IT
THAT WE'RE JUST TRYING TO LOOK
AT IT IN DIFFERENT WAYS, WHAT
ARE THESE NONPHARMAICOLOG
KALGARY INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE
PRIMARILY BEING DRIVEN RIGHT NOW
NGREAT QUESTION, I THINK IT DOES
NOT REFLECT ANY DECREASE IN
COMMITMENT TOWARDS THE
PHARMAICOLOGGIC IT'S RATHER BEEN
AN EXPANSION OF THE
NONPHARMAICOLOGGIC AND IN
GENERAL, NOT COMPLETELY UNIFORM,
MUCH OF THE THE
NONPHARMAICOLOGGIC IN PREVENT.
AND WE CAN SHARE THE DETAILS IN
THIS SLIDE BUT THE VARIETY OF
TARGETS JUST AS THEY ARE NOW
MORE AND MORE DIVERSE FOR THE
PHARMAICOLOGGIC INTERVENTIONS
ARE EQUALLY DIVERSE FOR
NONPHARMAICOLOGGIC SO THEY
INCLUDE EXERCISE, BLOOD PRESSURE
CONTROL, TARGETED INDIVIDUALIZED
APPROACH TO THE RISK FACTORS OF
EACH INDIVIDUAL AND I THINK IN
THE END WE'RE RECOGNIZE THE
COMBINATIONS OF THESE
NONPHARMAICOLOGGIC AS WELL AS
PHARMAICOLOGGIC INTERVENTIONS SO
IT'S A PLUS RATHER THAN A LOSS
OF ENTHUSIASM OR COMMITMENT TO
THE PHARMAICOLOGGICS WHICH I
THINK HAS NOT BEEN THE CASE.
SO IT'S ALL -- THE BASIC
RESEARCH, BOTH BEHAVIORIAL,
SOCIAL, AS WELL AS MOLECULAR IS
LEADING TO SUCH A DIVERSITY OF
POTENTIAL TARGETS THAT THIS IS
WHAT IS LARNLLY BEHIND THE
EXPANSION WE'RE SEEING OF BOTH
CATEGORIES.
>> MAKES SENSE, THANKS.
>> OTHER QUESTIONS?
SANJAY, IF YOU WERE ON MUTE?
>> YES, SORRY ABOUT THAT.
JUST A COMMENT, DR. HODES
MENTIONED EXPANSION OF
NONPHARMAICOLOGICAL TRIALS, I
WOULD ANTICIPATE THAT MOVING
FORWARD WE WILL HAVE MORE
COMBINATION TREATMENT FILES, BOG
PHARMAICOLOGICAL AND
NONPHARMAICOLOGICAL TRIALS
TOGETHER AND U.S. POINTER IS A
PRIME EXAMPLE BUT I THINK THERE
WILL BE MANY MORE TRIALS OF THAT
NATURE BECAUSE THAT IS WHAT THE
FIELD NEEDS IS THE COMBINATION
TREATMENT TRIAL, EVENTUALLY
TARGETING MOST OF THE MAJOR
PATHOLOGIES OF THE DISEASE.
>> POINT WELL TAKEN SANJAY, AND
WE ARE SEEING SOME COMBINATION
FARM, COME BINNATION NONFARM AND
COMBINATION OF THOSE 2
CATEGORIES IS A PART OF FUTURE
EMPHASIS.
>> YEAH.
OTHER COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS?
ALL RIGHT, VERY GOOD, THANK YOU.
AND THANK YOU DR. HODES.
NEXT UP I WOULD LIKE TO DO JUST
A QUICK ROLL CALL IF WE COULD IF
ONCE I CALL OUT YOUR NAME IF YOU
COULD JUST GIVE US YOUR AGAIN
NAME AND AFFILIATION.
ONE SECOND.
I'M SORRY, HERE WE GO.
ALL RIGHT AGAIN ONCE I CALL YOUR
NAME IF YOU CAN GIVE YOUR NAME
AND AFFILIATION, WE WILL GO
THROUGH THAT.
NFIRST OFF DR. ASTANA,.
>> GOOD MORNING SANJAY ASTANA
FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
MADISON.
>> DR. BAKER.
>> DARREN BAKER, MAYO CLINIC IN
ROUGH ATOM CHESTER, MINNESOTA.
>> DR. SOLOBERTO.
>> GOOD MORNING FAMILY
REPRESENTATIVE ADVOCATE,
RESEARCH PARTICIPANT, ALL OF
THAT.
GOOD TO BE HERE.
>> THANK YOU.
DR. CRUZ WHO IS THE PRESIDENT
AND CEO OF THE NATIONAL HISPANIC
COUNCIL ON AGING HERE IN
WASHINGTON IS NOT ABLE TO JOAN
US TODAY.
NEXT IS DR. GREENSPAN.
>> HI, SUSAN GREENSPAN
UNIVERSITY OF PII SYSTEMS
PITTSBURGH.
>> DR. WONG.
>> YEAH DR. WONG FROM UCSF.
>> AND REVERENT DR. CYNTHIA
HUMLE NI'M CYNTHIA HUMLE RETIRED
PRESBYTERIAN PASTOR LIVING WITH
EARLY STAGE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
AND REPRESENTING THOSE LIVING
WITH ALZHEIMER AND RELATED
DEMENTIA, I'VE BEEN ON THE ADNY
SINCE 2010 AND I ALSO SERVE ON
THE ALZHEIMER'S RESEARCH
ADVISORY BOARD.
>> THANK YOU.
DR. NELSON CEASARY.
>> YES, HI, SHERON NOWAY,
HARVARD MEDICAL COOL AND SENIOR
LIFE.
THANK YOU.
>> AND DR. KAHN.
>> DR. KAHN, HEALTH RESEARCH AT
CHEROKEE NATION IN NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA.
>> DR. LANGUAGE ONG O.
>> HI, DR. LONG O, STANFORD
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.
>> NANCY LUNDEN BERG.
>> NANCY LUND BERG AMERICAN
GERIATRIC SOCIETY LOCATED IN A
VERY COLD AND RAINY NEW YORK
CITY TODAY.
>> NOT COLD BUT RAINY HERE, TOO.
LET'S SEE DR. RUBEN.
>> DAVE, YOU'RE MUTED.
>> DAVE RUBEN, DAVID GEFIN
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT UCLA.
>> THANK YOU.
DR. SNYDER.
DR. SNYDER WILL JOIN US SOON,
DR. JULIE NIGHEDDER IS THE
PROFESSOR AND DIRECTOR OF THE
RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER,
THE RUSH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
CENTER.
LET'S SEE AND DR. VANALDING.
>> I'M LINDA VAN ALDING, AT THE
UNIVERSITY CENTER ON AGING AT
THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY.
>> AND I DON'T SEE OUR ADHOC
MEMBERS, DR. RADA, IS SHE HERE.
>> YES.
>> YES, I'M HERE.
>> GOOD MORNING EVERYBODY, I'M
DR. RADA, OOSM THE PROJECT
OFFICER AT THE NATIONAL
INSTITUTE ON DISABILITY AND
DEPENDENCE LIVING AND
REHABILITATION RESEARCH HERE IN
WASHINGTON D. C.
>> THANK YOU RADA.
>> AND JONATHAN WESTON.
SO DR. WESTON HE IS WITH THE
AGING SERVICES PROGRAM AT THE
OFFICE OF SUPPORTIVE AND CARE
GIVING SERVICES IN THE U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HELT AND HUMAN
RESOURCES WHO IS ALSO 1 OF OUR
EXOFFICIO MEMBERS.
SO WITH THAT, WE WILL CAN MOVE
ON SO YESTERDAY, WE HAD A
WORKING GROUP ON PROGRAM IN
WHICH WE HAD 2 CONCEPTS THAT WAS
DISCUSSED BY OUR COUNCIL MEMBERS
SO I WILL TURN IT OVER TO OUR
CHAIR DR. SUSAN GREENSPAN,
SUSAN?
>> THANK YOU KEN.
WE DID DISCUSS 2 CONCEPTS ISSUES
THE FIRST CONCEPT IS TITLED NIA
AGED RODENT TISSUE BANK.
THIS IS A CONTRACT RENEWAL, THE
PRIMARY REVIEWER WAS DR. ROSA
BAKER, I WAS THE SECONDARY
REVIEWER AND IF WE WILL JUST
HAVE THE PRIMARY AREY VOWER
DR. BAKER, IF YOU COULD PLEASE
SUMMARIZE THE CONCEPT AND
DISCUSSION.
, SURE.
SO THIS CONCEPT RENEWAL IS A
PROGRAM FOR THE AGE RELATED
TISSUE BANK THAT WAS ESTABLISHED
ALL THE WAY BACK IN 2001,
BASICALLY WITH THE INTENTION OF
BEING ABLE TO PROVIDE TISSUE
SERVICES FROM MOUSE MODELS OR
RODENT MODELS FOR RESEARCHERS
REGARD WILLLESS OF WHERE THEY
ARE, THIS IS VERY DIFFERENT THAN
THE AGE MOUSE REPOSITORY THAT WE
MAYBE ARE MORE FAMILIAR WITH,
FROM THE NIA WHERE YOU CAN
ACQUIRE YOUR OWN 24 MONTH OLD
ANIMALS FROM THAT PARTICULAR
FACILITY, IN THIS CASE ISSUES
THE TISSUES ARE DIRECTED FOR
YOU, SO FOR MANY THINGS IT'S
ACTUALLY MORE PROBABLY MORE
ECONATIONAL LIBRARY OF
MEDICINEICAL IF YOU HAVE A STAN
ARDIZEED ASSAY YOU'RE SUING FROM
COLLECTED TISSUE TO TAP INTO
THIS ON TENTIAL RESOURCE, THEY
ARE DOING A NUMBER OF THINGS
FROM FROZEN TISSUES FROM A
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT STRAINS
INCLUDING OUR STANDARD MOUSE
STRAINS OF C57 BLACK 6 MICE AND
BALB C-MICE AND THEY ALSO HAVE
THE FISCHER 344 AND BROWN FORWAY
RATS AND THEIR HYBRIDS, THEY
COLLECTED TISSUES ACROSS MANY
DIFFERENT AGES AND IN FACT, YOU
CAN REACH OUT TO THESE PEOPLE IF
YOU WANT TO HAVE THEM COLLECT
TISSUES AND KIND OF A
NONSTANDARD WAY, SO AGAIN, AIAN
GREAT RESOURCE FOR THE OVERALL
COMMUNITY, THE THING THEY'RE
PLANNING TO DO NOW IN THIS
RENEWAL IS TO NOT ONLY CONTINUE
THIS POTENTIAL RESOURCE AND GIVE
A CONTINUE TO DISTRIBUTE THIS --
ALL OF THESE REALLY VALUABLE
RESOURCES TO INVESTIGATORS BUT
ALSO STARTING THE PRODUCTION OF
WHAT'S CALLED TISSUE MICROARRAYS
WHERE THIS IS THE IDEA WHERE YOU
HAVE MANY DIFFERENT INDIVIDUALS
IN 1 SMALLER LOCATION, WHICH CAN
BE OF GREAT VALUE ESPECIALLY NOW
WHEN WE'RE LOOKING AT SOME OF
THE NEW TECHNIQUES AND
TECHNOLOGIES WHERE WE'RE LOOKING
AT MAYBE SPATIAL BIOLOGY
APPROACHES IF YOU HAVE THESE
TISSUE MICROARRAYS TO DO A
REALLY THOROUGH ASSESSMENT OF
MULTIPLE ANIMALS ON 1 SLIDE THAT
CAN REALLY BE QUITE IMPACTFUL
FOR UNDERSTANDING REALLY THE
HETEROGENEITY OF AGING SO
ULTIMATELY THIS SEEMS LIKE A
VERY VALUABLE RESOURCE, THEY'VE
DONE REALLY GREAT WORK AND HAVE
BEEN A KEY PLAYER FOR MANY OF US
OVER THE MANY LAST YEARS.
THE DISCUSSION WAS OVERALL
SUPPORTIVE OF THIS, AND WE WERE
ALL COLLECTIVELY NOTING TO THEN
RENEW THIS CONTRACT.
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH
DR. BAKER.
AND OUR SECOND CONCEPT WAS
EXPANDING THE THERAPEUTIC
PIPELINE FOR TREATS AND
PREVENTING AD/ADRD PRECLINICAL
VALDATION AND DRUG DISCOVERY FOR
NOVEL CANDIDATES TARGETS.
DR. LONG O WAS THE PRIMARY
REVIEWER, AND DR. VAN ELDIK WAS
THE SECONDARY REVIEWER AND
DR. LONG O IF YOU CAN SUMMARIZE
THE CONCEPT AND DISCUSSION.
>> SURE, THANK YOU.
SO THIS CONCEPT ADDRESSES THE
GOAL OF CREATING A DIFFERENT
NUMBER OF THERAPEUTICS IN THE
PIPELINE, INCREASE IN THE
DIVERSITY OF THERAPEUTICS AND
WITH THE GOAL OF HAVING MORE
EFFECTIVE THERAPEUTICS.
SO THE AREA THIS ADDRESSES IS
THE SETTING THAT THE NIA HAS
CREATED GREAT PROGRAMS THAT ARE
THE EARLY PARTS OF THE PIPELINE
IDENTIFYING NEW THERAPEUTIC
TARGETS TO GO AFTER THAT MIGHT
BE HELPFUL AS THE BEGINNING OF
THE PIPELINE AND AT THE END OF
THE PIPELINE, THE NIA IS ALSO
ESTABLISHED CLINICAL TRIAL
PROGRAMS, TO TEST THOSE
THERAPEUTICS IN PEOPLE, SO THE
GAP THAT REMAINS TO FILL IS IN
THE MIDDLE AS TO HAVE A PROGRAM
THAT ALLOWS THE ABILITY TO MAKE
THE FIRST VERSIONS OF DRUGS OR
OTHER THERAPEUTICS COMING FROM
THE DATA SCIENTISTS THAT ARE
IDENTIFYING EARLY TARGETS, BUT
THAT WOULD ALLOW THOSE IDEAS TO
MOVE INTO THE HUMAN TRIALS.
SO THIS PROPOSAL FILLS THAT
CRITICAL GAP IN THE MIDDLE.
IT ALSO APPROVES THE ABILITY OF
PRECLINICAL TESTING TO BETTER
PREDICT WHICH THERAPEUTICS MIGHT
WORK IN ACTUAL PATIENTS.
SO, THE COMMITTEE WAS
ENTHUSIASTIC ABOUT FILLING IN
CRITICAL GAP WITH THIS WELL
DESIGNED PROGRAM.
>> THANK YOU FRANK.
SO THERE APPEARED TO BE
ENTHUSIASM FOR MOVING BOTH OF
THESE CONCEPTS FORWARD, SO I
WOULD LIKE TO FOR US TO TAKE A
VOTE, ALL THOSE THAT APPROVE THE
CONCEPTS, PLEASE SAY AYE OR
RAISE A HAND.
>> AYE.
>> ANY OPPOSED?
SO THERE APPEARS TO BE
ENTHUSIASM AND THE CONCEPTS HAVE
BEEN APPROVED TO MOVE FORWARD.
SO THIS POINT I THINK I WILL
SEND THIS BACK TO KEN.
GREAT.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH SUSAN AND
COUNCIL MEMBERS FOR REVIEWING
AND APPROVING 2 CONCEPTS THIS
ROUND.
FEW OTHER POINTS I WANT TO MAKE
AND SOME OTHER BUSINESS THAT WE
HAVE TO REPORT TO IS OUR FIRST
OFF THE DIRECTOR'S STATUS
REPORT.
THIS IS THE -- I'M SORRY AND THE
MEETING MINUTES FROM LAST
MEETING.
SO WITH THAT, YOU SHOULD WITHIN
THE ELECTRONIC COUNCIL BOOK HAVE
THE MEETING MINUTES FROM THE
JANUARY COUNCIL WHICH WAS
ACTUALLY IN APRIL AND SO, IF
THERE'S FIRST OFF ANY
CORRECTIONS OR COMMENTS
REGARDING THE MINUTES.
NOT HEARING ANY, COULD I HAVE
THEN A MOTION TO APPROVE THE
MINUTES FROM THE LAST MEETING.
>> MOTION TO APPROVE.
>> SECOND.
>> ALL IN FAVOR?
>> AYE.
>> AYE .
>> ANY OPPOSE?
NOT HEARING ANY WE HAVE APPROVAL
FROM THE JANUARY COUNCIL
MEETING.
NEXT UP TOO, THEN IS OUR UP AND
COMING MEETINGS.
SO IN OUR NEXT MEETING WILL BE
SEPTEMBER 17th AND 18th,
THIS MEETING WILL BE IN PERSON.
AT BUILDING 45, OUR NATCHER
BUILDING ON CAMPUS, SO, PLEASE
MARK YOUR CALENDARS, AND THEN
THE MEETING DATES ARE ALSO SET
FOR 2026.
SO TOADS AND WEDNESDAY
JANUARY 27th AND 28th, WILL
BE OUR WINTER MEETING, THIS WILL
AS USUAL BE VIRTUAL.
MAY 12th AND 13th, WILL BE
OUR MAY COUNCIL MEETING AND THAT
WILL BE AGAIN ON MAIN CAMPUS IN
BUILDING 45 AT NATCHER AND IN
SEPTEMBER AGAIN NEXT YEAR WILL
BE OUR COUNCIL MEETINGS ON
SEPTEMBER 15th AND 16th ALSO
AT NATCHER.
DARREN, QUESTION?
>> QUESTION, YEAH.
SO I THINK I WILL SLATED TO BE
DONE WITH COUNCIL AS OF THE END
OF 2025.
SHOULD I LOCK THESE DATES OFF
KNOWING THAT SOMETIMES THERE'S
ISSUES WITH GETTING PEOPLE
ONBOARDED OR WHAT IS THINKING
FOR PEOPLE WHO MIGHT BE IN A
SIMILAR SITUATION?
>> YES, VERY GOOD QUESTION AND
YOU ANSWERED IT ALREADY, SO
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR AGREEING
TO CONTINUE TO BEING A VALUED
COUNCIL MEMBER.
NO, ABSOLUTELY, THERE IS A BACK
LOG CURRENTLY FOR APPROVAL OF
OUR NEXT SLATE, TOO.
SO, WE WOULD LIKELY BE ASKING
CURRENT COUNCIL MEMBERS TO
EXTEND THEIR DATES FOR I THINK
IT WOULD BE I 120 DAYS IF
POSSIBLE TO COVER THE NEXT FEW
MEETINGS BECAUSE WE WOULD BE
DOWN ALREADY.
WE WOULD BE DOWN ALREADY,
SEVERAL COUNCIL MEMBERS AND WE
NEED TO CONTINUE OF COURSE
HAVING A QUORUM FOR VOTING, ET
CETERA FOR OUR COUNCIL.
SO WE WOULD GREATLY APPRECIATE
ALL THOSE WHO ARE SUPPOSED TO BE
CIRCLING OFF IN THE NEAR FUTURE
WILL BE TRYING TO EXTEND THEM AS
MUCH AS WE'RE ABLE TO BY LAW.
SO THANK YOU DARREN.
>> YEAH, THANKS, KEN.
>> ALL RIGHT, VERY GOOD.
NEXT I DO -- 1 OTHER -- WE HAD A
SPECIAL PRESENTATION FROM A
NUMBER OF THE NASEM COMMITTEE
THAT WAS ALREADY ALLUDED TO IN
DR. HODES'S TALK AND I WOULD
LIKE TO GIVE A QUICK SUMMARY OF
WHAT WAS PRESENTED TO OUR
COUNCIL MEMBERS.
SO AGAIN, THIS WAS A
PRESENTATION FROM THE NATIONAL
ACADEMIES OF SCIENCE,
ENGINEERING MEDICINE ON A RECENT
REPORT ENTITLED PREVENTING AND
TREATING DEMENTIA, RESEARCH
PRIORITIES TO ACCELERATE
PROGRESS.
THIS WAS A -- THIS WAS
COMMISSIONED BY THE NATIONAL
INNSITUTE ON AGING AND THE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND
STROKE.
WE ASKED THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
OF TO CONVENA AN EXPERT
COMMITTEE TO EXAMINE AND ASSESS
THE CURRENT STATE OF BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH AND RECOMMEND RESEARCH
PRIORITIES TO ADVANCE THE
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF
AD/ADRD.
PREVENTING AND TREATING DEMENTIA
OUTLINES THESE RESEARCH
PRIORITIES AND RECOMMENDS
STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME BARRIERS
TO PROGRESS.
SO THE PRESENTATION WAS GIVEN BY
DR. TIA POWELL WHO WAS THE CHAIR
OF THE NASEM COMMITTEE,
PROFESSOR OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND
CHEMISTRY AT THE ALBERT EINSTEIN
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE IN THE
MONTIFORI MEDICAL CENTER.
THIS COMMITTEE WAS IDENTIFIED AS
NEAR MEDIUM AND SCIENTIFIC
QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ADDRESSED
THROUGH NIH FUND NOTHING THE
NEXT 3-10 YEARS AS WELL AS
OPPORTUNITIES TO OVERCOME MAJOR
BARRIERS, TO PROGRESS ON THESE
SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS.
DR. POWELL FIRST SUMMARIZED A
RESEARCH PRIORITY AREAS IN 3
BROAD SECTIONS, FIRST BEING TO
QUANTIFY BRAIN HEALTH ACROSS THE
LIFE COURSE AND ACCURATELY
PREDICT RISK OF SCREENING FOR
DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF
AD/ADRD.
SECOND WAS TO BUILD A MORE
COMPREHENSIVE AND INTEGRATED
UNDERSTANDING OF THE DISEASE OF
BIOLOGY AND MECHANISTIC PATHWAYS
TO CONTRIBUTE TO AD/ADRD
DEVELOPMENT AND RESILIENCE OVER
THE LIFE COURSE AND THIRD
TOCCATAALIZE ADVANCES IN
INTERVENTIONS FOR THE PREVENTION
AND TREATMENT OF THE AD/ADRD
SPANNING FROM PRECISION MEDICINE
TO HEALTH STRATEGIES.
DR. POWELL WENT ON TO DESCRIBE
THE 10 MAJOR RECOMMENDATIONS
FROM THE COMMITTEE.
BRIEFLY THESE RECOMMENDATIONS
INCLUDED 1 RESEARCH PRIORITIES
TO CATALYZE ADVANCES, AND
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT, 2, TO
MAXIMIZE KNOWLEDGE FROM
LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH, 3, TO
BREAK DOWN BARRIERS TO
ACCELERATION OF CLINICAL
RESEARCH, 4, TO ENABLE
MULTIDISCIPLINARY MULTISECTOR
AND COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH.
FIVE TO INCENTIVIZE INCLUSIVE
RESEARCH.
SIX, IS TO INCREASE THE
ACCESSIBILITY AND
GENERALIZABILITY OF CLINICAL AND
PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH.
SEVEN, IS TO INSURE DATA ACCESS
TO MAXIMIZE RESEARCH RETURNS.
EIGHT, IS THE ENHANCED DATA
USABILITY FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
AND 9, IS TO EXPAND THE CAPACITY
TO COLLECT AND STORE BIOLOGICAL
SAMPLES GENERATED THROUGH THE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
AND RESEARCH.
AND FINALLY 10, WAS TO SUPPORT
INNOVATION THROUGH ALL NATIONAL
INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FUNDED
RESEARCH.
WITH THOSE 10 RECOMMENDATIONS
OUR COUNCIL MEMBERS HAD A LIVELY
DISCUSSION WHICH ALLOWED US TO
GO INTO MORE INDEPTH INTO EACH
OF THESE RECOMMENDATIONS.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION, YOU CAN
FIND THE FULL REPORTOT NATIONAL
ACADEMIES WEBSITE WHICH IS
NAPP.NATIONAL ACADEMIES.ORG.
YOU CAN FIND THE FINAL REPORT
PUBLISHED THERE.
AND AS DR. HODES SAID, WE ARE NO
TAKING THIS REPORT INTO
CONSIDERATION IN OUR OWN
STRATEGIC PLAN MOVING FORWARD
FOR OUR INSTITUTE AND OUR SISTER
AGENCY NINDS.
GREAT, WITH THAT WAS THERE ANY
-- ANYONE ELSE WOULD LIKE TO
MAKE FINAL COMMENTS OR
QUESTIONS?
>> I HAD 1 QUESTION, THIS IS
FRANK, FOR THE REPORT YOU JUST
CITED WHICH I THOUGHT WAS REALLY
WELL DONE, AND YOU KNOW REALLY
PERCEPTIVE, LOTS OF INSIGHT,
WERE THERE ANY YOU KNOW
SURPRISES OR THINGS THAT WOULD
YOU KNOW MAKE THE NIA DO
SOMETHING DIFFERENT THAN WAS
ALREADY DOING OR ANY ADDITIONAL
APPROACHES?
>> RICHARD WOULD YOU LIKE TO
ADDRESS THAT FIRST?
>> YES, GOOD QUESTION FRANK, I
THINK AS WAS EMPHASIZED IN THE
REPORT AND ITS PRESENTATION,
THERE WAS FAR MORE IN THE WAY OF
SUGGESTIONS FOR AREAS THAT WERE
WORTHY OF CONTINUED OR GREATER
EMPHASIS THAN ENTIRELY NEW
AREAS, AND SOME OF THEM THAT I
ALLUDED TO AND COMMENT UPON NOW,
INCLUDED THE LOOK FOR COMMON
RISK AND PATHOGENIC FACTORS THAT
MIGHT CROSS THE BOUNDARIES OF
DEFINITE DEMENTIAS, AND
THEREFORE WOULD ALLOW
INTERVENTIONS THAT WOULD TARGET
COMPONENTS OF MORE THAN 1 OF THE
COMPLEX ETIOLOGIES MOST OFTEN
SEEN IN BRAINS OF INDIVIDUALS
ASHINGED.
THERE WAS STRESSOT IMPORTANCE OF
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES AND
LEVERAGING THEM, SOMETHING I
THINK WHICH WE HAVE REGARDED AS
IMPORTANT WHICH WE WILL CONTINUE
TO EMPHASIZE AND TO EXPAND THAT
EMPHASIS.
THE VERY GOOD POINT ABOUT
SHARING OF DATA BIOLOGICAL
SAMPLES HAS BEEN A AREA WHERE I
GIVE GREAT CREDIT TO THE
RESEARCH COMMUNITY AS WELL AS TO
OUR OWN EFFORTS TO SUPPORT THEM
AND THAT WE REALLY OVER THE PAST
YEAR SEE AN ENORMOUS EXPANSION
AND ACCESS TO DATA AND MADE
CONTRIBUTIONS COMING FORWARD AND
MOST IMPACTFUL ARE INDIVIDUALS
WHO MIGHT NOT NECESSARILY HAVE
BEEN IN GENERATE THANKSGIVING
PRIMARY DATA, ALL THIS TO THE
BETTER.
ALL THIS LOOKING AT INCLUSIVE
IVITY AND POPULATIONS INVOLVED
IN CLINICAL TODAYS AND TRIALS,
ULTIMATE CONCLUSION FOR
THERAPEUTICS OR RANDOM MEASURES
APPLICABLE TO THE POPULATIONS
ACROSS AMERICA THAT ARE AFFECTED
AND IN FACT GLOBAL SO.
SO THESE ARE SOME OF THE
EXAMPLES, I DON'T KNOW IF
THERE'S ANYTHING THAT'S NOT BEEN
THOUGHT OF BUT NOT TO DIMINISH
THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS,
EMPHASIZING WHAT THEY, THE
ACADEMY AND THE FIELD THINK OF
THOSE AREAS WHERE WE SHOULD
INCREASE AND ENHANCE OUR
FOUGHTURE EMPHASIS.
>> THANK YOU RICHARD.
YEAH, I DID READ THE REPORT, AND
I THOUGHT IT WAS REASSURING THAT
YOU KNOW VERY WELL QUALIFIED
GROUP OF PEOPLE, CONSITUTE
THAGOREAN COMMITTEE TAKING A
FRESH PERSPECTIVE, I THINK DID
SUPPORT MANY OF THE THINGS NIA
HAS BEEN DOING BUT IT'S HEALTHY
EXERCISE TO COME IN FROM A
DIFFERENT VIEW LIKE THAT AND
REACH MANY OF THE SAME
CONCLUSIONS, I ALSO ENJOYED THE
PART ABOUT THERAPEUTIC
APPROACHES THAT MIGHT ADENTIFY,
THAT MIGHT BE RELEVANT TO
MULTIPLE DEMENTIAS, AND I HAD
THE GOOD FORTUNE OF
PARTICIPATING IN AN NIA LED
PROGRAM LAST YEAR ON RESILIENCE,
WHICH I THINK IS 1 OF THE THOSE
THINGS, IT DOES, YOU KNOW
COMPASS MULTIPLE FORMS OF
DEMENTIAS, SO I THINK I'M
ENCOURAGED BY THAT PART AS WELL,
SO THANK YOU.
AND THANK YOU JUST TO
REEMPHASIZE THE ORIGIN OF THIS
WAS THIS PARTICULAR REPORT WAS
AT THE INSTRUCTION AND REQUEST
OF CONGRESS, IMPORTANT, YOU KNOW
WE'VE TRIED TO BE MOST OPEN AND
TRANSPARENT AND I THINK HAVE
OUTSTANDING RELATIONSHIPS WITH
POLICY MAKERS AND CONGRESSIONAL
STAFF AND MEMBERS BUT WHEN THEY
ASK FOR SOME REASSURANCE FROM AN
OUTSIDE OR INDEPENDENT VIEW AS
TO WHETHER THERE ARE AREAS WE'RE
MISSING, PLACES WE SHOULD BE
EMPHASIZING, IT'S VERY USEFUL TO
HAVE THIS AS A RESPONSE NOT
COMMISSIONED BY US AS
SELF-SERVING IF YOU WILL BUT IN
RESPONSE TO CONGRESSIONAL AND
PUBLIC MANDATE TO MAKE SURE
WE'RE ON THE RIGHT TRACK AND
CONTINUE TO WISELY USE THE
RESOURCES THAT HAVE BEEN
ENTRUSTED TO US.
>> THANK YOU.
>> NANCY?
>> HI, WE'RE STILL WORKING ON
GETTING OFF MUTE QUICKLY, WHICH
IS PROGRESS FOR ME.
RICHARD PROBABLY NOT NECESSARILY
DIRECTLY ON THIS REPORT BUT I
HAPPEN TO PICK UP YESTERDAY THE
CMMI RELEASED SORT OF A NEW
VISION AND PARTS OF THAT NEW
VISION HAD A LOT TO DO WITH
PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASE,
EXTENSION OF HEALTH SPAN, LOTS
OF SYNERGIES BETWEEN THE WORK
THAT NIA IS DOING BOTH IN THE
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, DEMENTIA
SPACE AND ALSO IN THE CHRONIC
DISEASE AGING SPACE AND I WAS
WONDERING IF THERE HAD BEEN
CONVERSATIONS SHARING OF A
REPORT LIKE THIS, THAT WAS
COMMISSIONED BY NIH WITH THE NEW
FOLKS OVER AT CMS, CMI, AND HOW
YOU SEE THOSE COLLABORATIONS
GOING FORWARD.
I KNOW THERE'S BEEN GREAT
COLLABORATION ACROSS AGENCY
COLLABORATION IN THE PAST, JUST
WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE AS
NACA MEMBERS HAVE A SENSE OF HOW
WE CAN ENCOURAGE THOSE TYPES OF
COLLABORATION TO CONTINUE IN
THAT CAREFUL STEWARDSHIP OF
RESOURCES TO CONTINUE.
PARTICULARLY SINCE THIS NEW
VISION MAY ACTUALLY -- COULD
POTENTIALLY REPETITIVE OF WORK
THAT NIA AND NIH ARE FUNDING.
>> THANK YOU AND AS YOU KNOW
REFER TO NIA AND ALL OF NIH BUT
NIH SPECIFICALLY HAS WORKED
CLOSE LOW WITH CMS IN A LOT OF
AREAS HELPING WITH RESEARCH TO
TRY TO INFORM THE POLICIES AND
IMPLEMENTATION, AND IN TERMS OF
DATA AND DATA SHARING AND
ANALYSIS, THERE'S BEEN GREAT
COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS.
I WOULD SAY THAT NOW, WITH THE
NEW NIH LEADERSHIP, JAY, WHO'S
WORKED IN A LOT OF THESE AREAS
THERE'S RENEWED AND ENHANCED
COMMITMENT WORKING ACROSS
AGENCIES SPECIFICALLY INCLUDING
CMS AND FDA TO MAKE SURE WE'RE
WORKING AT COMMON PURPOSES WITH
NIH PLAYING ITS ROLE IN
INFORMING THE POLICIES AND
DECISION MAKING OF THOSE
AGENCIES.
SOY THINK OUR OWN EFFORTS AND AS
YOU HEARD REFERRED TO YESTERDAY,
EVEN THE DETAILING OF SOME OF
THE LEADERS OF NIA EFFORTS TO
THE OFFICE OF THE NIH DIRECTOR,
TO HELP LEND THE EXPERTISE IN
AREAS OF EMPHASIS THAT HAVE BEEN
PART OF NIA TO NOW TO REINFORCE
NIH EFFORTS ARE ALL SIGNS THAT
THE STRENGTH OF THESE
COLLABORATIONS WILL CONTINUE AND
HOPEFULLY BE ENHANCED FURTHER
STILL.
>> AND I WOULD LIKE TO ALSO ADD
NANCY THAT I THINK THERE'S
CERTAINLY BEEN TREMENDOUS EFFORT
REGARDING MULTIDISCIPLINARY
RESEARCH AND IN ORDER TO -- WE
HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THAT THERE'S
A LOT OF DIFFERENT AREAS AND
EXPERTISE THAT ARE NEEDED IN OUR
GRANTS THAT ARE COMING TO THIS
AND BY DEFAULT WE REALLY HAVE TO
WORK TOGETHER AS INSTITUTES IN
ORDER TO INSURE, YOU KNOW THAT
THE BEST STEWARDSHIP OF THE
GRANTS AND IT IS CROSSING ALL
DIFFERENT FIELDS, YOU KNOW
THROUGH THE NIH OVERALL.
SO BETWEEN THAT, AND AS RICHARD
MENTIONED ISSUES THE DATA AND
THE BIOREPOSITORYS, ESPECIALLY,
I THINK THERE'S BEEN LOTS OF
EFFORTS ACROSS THE NIH, TO
CENTRALIZE SOME OF THESE THINGS.
CERTAINLY FOR COST
EFFECTIVENESS, RESOURCE SHARING,
ACROSS THE INSTITUTES, TOO, AND
THEN IT MAKES IT MORE ACCESSIBLE
TO ALL THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY
ESPECIALLY THEN, TOO, WHEN IT'S
ALL IN 1 PLACE AND PEOPLE CAN
ACCESS THESE RESOURCES
ESPECIALLY.
SO THESE EFFORTS ARE ONGOING AND
I THINK ARE BEING MADE A HIGH
PRIORITY HERE AT THE NIH
OVERALL.
NTHANKS VERY MUCH AND IT'S NOT
LIKE THE AGENCIES ALONE HAVE
SILOS, THOSE KINDS OF SILOS
EXIST OUT HERE IN THE NOT FOR
PROFIT AND THE UNIVERSITIES AND
WHATEVER, SO IT'S SORT OF LIKE,
ANYTHING THAT WE'RE DOING TO
KIND OF BREAK DOWN THOSE
BARRIERS THAT ARISE, I THINK IS
GREAT AND I REALLY APPRECIATE
THE WORK THAT'S GOING ON HERE.
>> THANK YOU.
THANK YOU.
AND I MIGHT WANT TO BRING UP 1
OF THE COMMENTS THAT WAS MADE BY
1 OF OUR COINCIDENCE ILLEGALS
MEMBERS WHICH WAS A CONTRIBUTION
BY THE COMMUNITY FOR THE AREA OF
SCIENCE THAT WE ARE SUPPORTING
TOO AND HOW NECESSARY THAT IS
AND HOW WE -- THIS MAY HAVE TO
DEAL WITH PART OF THIS
INNOVATION ACROSS THE NIH IN
THAT AREA THAT WE DO NEED TO
HAVE BETTER EFFORTS AND THINK
MORE OUTSIDE THE BOX ON HOW WE
CAN COMMUNICATE THE ADVANCES
THAT HAVE BEEN AND ALL THE
SUCCESSES THAT HAVE OCCURRED
WITH THE RESEARCH THAT OUR
MEMBERS AND OUR COMMUNITY HAS
ACCOMPLISHED OVER RECENT YEARS
TO SEND THAT MESSAGE OUT AS
HOPEFUL MESSAGE TO CROSS ALL OF
OUR -- THE U.S. AND THE WORLD.
SO ANOTHER VERY IMPORTANT ASPECT
THAT WAS BROUGHT UP.
>> AND AS A FOLLOW UP TO WHAT
YOU JUST SAID, I THINK WE ALL
APPRECIATE AND I KNOW OUR MAJOR
GOAL COLLECTIVELY AND THAT OF
NIA IS TO ENHANCE DIVERSITY AND
INCLUSION AND TO THAT END, WE
HAVE HEARD MANY TIMES THAT WE
NEED TO TAKE RESEARCH WHERE
PEOPLE ARE, RATHER THAN PEOPLE
COMING TO YOU KNOW ACADEMIC
MEDICAL CENTERS FOR DATA
COLLECTION AND THAT TAKES US TO
REMOTE HOME BASE DATA COLLECTION
AND I THINK THAT'S BEEN TALKED
ABOUT, WRITTEN ABOUT, I KNOW
THAT NIH IS INVESTING HEAVILY IN
THIS AREA AS WELL.
I WAS A BIT SURPRISED THAT THE
ACADEMY REPORT DID NOT MAYBE
HAVE THE FINE PRINT IN THERE BUT
I WONDER IF IN THAT AREA HOME
BASE REMOTE DATA COLLECTION WHAT
MIGHT BE SOME FUTURE PLANS
BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH TO BE
SORTED OUT THAT METHOD OF DATA
COLLECTION IS STILL IN EARLY
STAGES AND I THINK A LOT THAT
NEEDS TO BE DONE.
CAN YOU SHARE SOME PLANS IN THAT
AREA FOR NIA.
>> SO SANJAY, YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY
RIGHT THIS IS AN IMPORTANT AREA
OF RESEARCH.
I WOULD SAY IT'S PART OF A
LARGER DISCUSSION ABOUT HOW WE
CAN BRING RESEARCH,
PARTICIPATION OF RESEARCH AND
THE OUTCOMES OF RESEARCH TO
DIVERSE POPULATIONS THAT ARE
SOMETIMES NOT SO ACCESSIBLE.
INCORPORATED IN THIS, SOME OF
THE SUBCHALLENGES IF YOU WILL BE
ARE THE ISSUES OF TRUST, AND
INFORMED CONSENT THAT GO WITH
THESE KINDS OF EFFORTS.
SO IDEALLY WE WOULD LIKE TO HAVE
INFORMATION FROM DIVERSITY OF
U.S. POPULATIONS TO INFORM OUR
RESEARCH AND IN TURN BE THE
RECIPIENTS OF APPROPRIATELY
STUDIED OUTCOMES OF THAT
RESEARCH, BUT TO DO THIS IN A
WAY WHERE WE CAN TRACK
LONGITUDINALLY AND I THINK THIS
GROUP IN PARTICULAR IS VERY MUCH
AWARE OF THAT, MEANS TRACKING,
RECONTACTING, DOING ALL THIS
WHILE PROTECTING PERSONAL
IDENTIFIERS IS A CHALLENGE, VERY
MUCH BEING WORKED ON AS YOU KNOW
BUT THE WAYS IN WHICH DATA
STRATEGIES AND IN FACT, WHAT WE
HEAR LATER FROM SHAW AND THE
PASTIER AHEAD OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY HERE AT NIH, THE
METHOD WE HAVE FOR PRESERVING
PRIVACY WHILE RECONTACT
LONGITUDINAL SIDES ALL
MAINTAINING THE TRUST OF THE
POPULATIONS WE WORK WITH IS A
MAJOR CONTRIBUTION TO THE
INSTITUTE AND YOUR PARTICIPATION
AS WIDE COUNCILORS TO US WILL BE
VERY IMPORTANT IN THIS REGARD AS
WELL.
>> YEAH.
>> AND RICHARD IT'S NOT JUST
DATA COLLECTION BUT ALSO
BIOSPECIMENS THAT ARE COLLECTED
AT PARTICIPANTS HOMES IT JUST
REALLY INCREASE ACCESS TO THOSE
SPECIMENS BECAUSE WE GO TO THEIR
MEMORY CLONE, COLLECT IT AND SO
ON.
>> DARREN?
>> YEAH, I WAS GOING TO SAY IN
THE AGING SPACE BUT I ALSO
PARTICIPATE IN OUR COMPREHENSIVE
CANCER CENTER AT MAYO CLINIC AND
OVER THE LAST 5 YEARS THEY'VE
BEEN REALLY BEEN PUTTING A TON
OF EFFORT INTO A PROGRAM THAT'S
CALLED CANCER CARE BEYOND WALLS
WHERE THEY DO A LOT OF CLINICAL
TRIALS IN THE PATIENT'S HOME AND
THEY SEEMINGLY HAVE COME UP WITH
SOME REALLY GREAT OPTIONS FOR
EVENT DOING COLLECTION OF
SAMPLES AND SO FORTH AT THE
PERSON'S HOUSE THAT GETS SENT IN
SO I SEE THIS AS AN AREA THAT AS
LOT OF INTEREST BUT THERE'S ALSO
A LOT OF NEW TOOLS THAT ARE
COMING AVAILABLE THAT ARE MAKING
MUCH MORE ACCESSIBLE FOR US TO
POTENTIALLY GET INVOLVED IN MORE
OF THESE THAT MAY BE IN AN
ELDERLY CARE SETTING OR
DIFFERENT SITUATIONS THAT AREN'T
REQUIRED TO BRING PEOPLE INTO
THE ACTUAL CLINIC SO I GUESS
IT'S A TO BE DETERMINED KIND OF
THING AND THE PLATFORM OF IT
BUILDING FIRST OFF OF CANCER, I
GUESS MAKES SENSE BECAUSE IF YOU
CAN DELIVER CHEMO THERAPEUTICS
WITHOUT HAVING THE PERSON COME
IN MAKES A LOT OF SENSE.
NOW OBVIOUSLY THE NEXT STEP
WOULD BE WHAT ELSE CAN WE DO IN
THAT PARTICULAR PLACE.
>> THANK YOU FOR THAT DARREN.
REALLY I THINK AN IMPORTANT
INITIATIVE IN THE CANCER
INSTITUTE AND DOING SOMETHING WE
ALL WILL HOPE TO MODEL AGAINST,
TOO, AND THAT'S WHAT A LOT OF
THE DISCUSSIONS THAT ARE GOING
ON AT THE NIH RIGHT NOW IS, WHAT
TYPES OF INNOVATIVE THINGS THAT
ARE GOING ON IN THE INSTITUTE
THAT WE CAN ALL UTILIZE AND
MODEL AGAINST, TOO, AND COMBIN
OUR RESOURCES IN ORDER TO MAKE
THOSE TYPES OF THINGS HAPPEN.
SO IT IS A GREAT EFFORT, ALL 1
THAT WE ARE AWARE OF AND
THINKING ABOUT OURSELVES.
SO THANKS.
>> LIZ?
>> THANKS DARREN, FOLLOWING ON
THAT COMMENT, JUST WANTED TO
SHARE SORT OF 2-POINTS: ONE, WE
DO HAVE QUITE A LOT OF
EXPERIENCE IN MANY OF OUR
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES, GOING INTO
THE HOME AND CAPTURING CLINICAL
SPECIMENS WITH FAIR INTENSITY
YOU WILL HEAR ABOUT THAT FROM 1
OF OUR SPEAKERS TODAY BUT MANY
OF OUR PEOPLE COLLECT IN THE
FIELD UNDER UNUSUAL CONDITIONS
AND INTERNATIONALLY SPECIAL SO
WE HAVE A WIDE NETWORK OF
RESEARCHERS IN THAT SPACE.
ADDITIONALLY WHILE THE NATIONAL
ACADEMIES REPORT FOCUSED ON
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
INTERVENTIONS WE ALSO SUPPORT A
LOT OF WORK ON DEMENTIA CARE
INTERVENTIONS AND MUCH OF THAT
IS DELIVERED IN THE HOME OR IN
THE PLACES WHERE PEOPLE LIVE AND
SO WE'RE VERY HIGHLY ATTUNED
GIVEN THIS VULNERABLE
POPULATION, THAT CAN'T ALWAYS
TRAVEL TO CLINICS FOR
INTERVENTIONS, ABOUT THE NEED TO
BRING TOOLS AND INTERVENTIONS TO
THE PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE.
>> EXACTLY.
THANK YOU LIZ.
AND ANOTHER EFFORT THAT HAS BEEN
STARTED AND ONGOING IN RECENT
YEARS AND WORK WITH PRIMARY
CAREGIVERS, TOO, WHICH ARE
REALLY, YOU KNOW EMBEDDED IN THE
COMMUNITY AND BEING ABLE TO
TRAIN THEM AND GET MORE --
UNDERSTAND WHAT THE ISSUES ARE
IN WORKING WITH POPULATIONS THAT
THEY CARE FOR AND USING THAT AS
A RESOURCE TO ACTUALLY GET MORE
PEOPLE INTO CLINICAL TRIALS ET
CETERA, SO THAT IS CERTAINLY
ANOTHER HIGH PRIORITY ONGOING
EFFORT AND THROUGHOUT THE NIH
ACTUALLY.
>> CAN I ASK A FOLLOW UP
QUESTION THAT'S HIGHLY RELATED
TO THAT, KEN, AND LIZ, HAS THERE
BEEN ENGAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY
DEPARTMENT PHYSICIANS?
WE AT MAYO NOW IN OUR AGING
CENTER, WE HAVE CLINICIAN THAT
IS AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT THAT
IS PART OF OUR CENTER THAT THEY
ARE DOING AMAZING THINGS
ESSENTIALLY LOOKING AT RIIVES OF
DELERIUM AND ALL KINDS OF THINGS
THAT ARE HAPPENING IN MORE THE
ELDERLY POPULATION AND SO THE
PRIMARY CARES ARE VITAL OF
COURSE, BUT I THINK A LOT OF OUR
ELDERLY PEOPLE ALSO SHOW UP TO
THE EMERGENCY ROOM FOR GETTING
THEIR CARE AS WELL, AND MIGHT BE
KIND OF A GAP THAT MIGHT BE
MISSED.
I JUST DON'T KNOW WHETHER
THERE'S REAL ACTIVE
OPPORTUNITIES IN THAT SPACE.
>> I MEAN THERE ARE PROJECTS
THAT ARE FOCUSING ON EMERGENCY
CARE UTILIZATION, AMONG THE
ELDERLY,A LOT OF THE SORT OF
MAYBE MODEL CITIZEN TENTIALLY
UNNECESSARY TRANSFERS ARE FROM
PLACE OF RESIDENTS TO THE
EMERGENCY ROOM, THERE ARE MANY
PEOPLE WHO RELY ON EMERGENCY
ROOM CARE, AS THEIR PRIMARY
SOURCE OF CARE SO THERE ARE A
NUMBER OF PROJECTS LOOKING AT
THAT, THERE HAVE ALSO BEEN SOME
EFFORT RELATED TO ELDER ABUSE,
DETECTION AND EMERGENCY CARE
SETTINGS, I DON'T HAVE A SORT OF
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THAT
BUT IF THAT WERE SOMETHING YOU
WERE INTERESTED IN WE COULD TAKE
A LOOK.
>> THANKS FOR THAT LIZ.
>> GOING BACK TO DR. BAKER AND
CONVERSATION ABOUT THE MODELS
GOING INTO THE HOMES, I'M GOING
TO GO OUT TO HERE THAT THIS IS
ALREADY HAPPENING AND JUST
WANTED TO OFFER ANOTHER EXAMPLE
THAT IN THE PAST 8 YEARS, THE
DOMINANTLY ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
NETWORK HAS BEEN DOING WORK, AND
THE POPULATIONS THEY'VE BEEN
WORKING WITH ARE VERY UNIQUE AND
YOU HAVE TO GO TO WHERE THEY
ARE.
SO THEY'VE BEEN DOING THAT AND
WE'VE BEEN DOING THAT, WE SIT IN
THEIR STEERING COMMITTEE AND
RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS BUT, NO,
I'M REALLY GLAD TO HEAR ALL
THESE OTHER EFFORTS THAT ARE
BEING DONE.
I THINK THERE ARE MODELS OUT
THERE THAT HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL
AND I IT COULD BE REPLICATED SO
THAT'S WONDERFUL.
I JUST WANT TO OFFER THAT.
>> GREAT, THANK YOU.
YES, TREMENDOUS EFFORT.
ALL RIGHT, AND I SEE IN THE
CHAT, WE DO HAVE 1 QUESTION
DR. KAHN, WOULD YOU LIKE TO ASK
A QUESTION?
>> SURE.
AS I WROTE, YOU ALL HAVE BEEN
READING ABOUT THIS, I AM DEEPLY
CONCERNED, TO BE HONEST WITH
YOU, I COME TO THESE MEETINGS AS
A STUDENT AND I LEARN SO MUCH
EVERY TIME.
THE REMARKABLE WORK THAT IS
BEING DONE, ALL SUPPORTED BY
PUBLIC FUNDS AND I AM CONCERNED
ABOUT THE PROPOSED REDUCTIONS TO
THE NIH BUDGET AND I WONDER AS A
NACA MEMBER, WHAT CAN WE DO?
I AM NEW AT THIS, SO JUST ASKING
SOME ADVICE.
>> RICHARD DO YOU WANT TO START?
I'M GOING TO PASS THE BUCK ON
THIS 1.
>> FIRST OF ALL THE SUPPORT IS
APPRECIATIVE IN MANY WAYS, AND
YOU'RE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES LIKE
THE REST OF US IN THAT ROLE
CAN'T BE LOBBYING AND
ADVOCATING.
WE KNOW IN YOUR OTHER ROLES IN
YOUR OTHER LIFE, YOU DO SO AND
WE APPRECIATE THIS.
FOR OURSELVES, WE THINK OUR BEST
ARGUMENT IN TERMS OF THE PUBLIC
SUPPORT IS TO CONTINUE TO CARRY
OUT THE KIND OF RESEARCH, REPORT
THAT RESEARCH AND LET IT BE
KNOWN WHAT WE'RE DOING IN SUCH A
WAY THAT IT IS SUPPORTED AND
REGARD TO YOU AS AMBASSADORS AND
APPROPRIATE AMBASSADORS DURING
YOUR TIME ON COUNCIL AND OTHER
HOURS DURING THE YEAR AS WELL IN
THAT ROLE.
I THINK THAT'S WHAT I NEED TO
SAY, CERTAINLY IF BUNLETS ARE
CUT, IF THEY DON'T INCREASE,
WE'LL HAVE A CHALLENGE OF DOING
THE BEST WE CAN BUT THAT IS WHAT
WE WILL DO WITH WHATEVER
RESOURCES WE HAVE, THE CHARGE IS
THE SAME.
TO PRIORITIZE AND MAKE THE BEST
USE WE CAN, WITH THE HIGHEST
PRIORITIZATION FOR THE RESOURCES
AVAILABLE.
>> CAN I MAKE 1 MORE COMMENT?
>> THE CONVERSATION WAS
FASCINATING ABOUT TAKING SCIENCE
TO THE PEOPLE'S HOME.
I WILL SAY THIS THAT I'VE WORKED
IF RURAL OKLAHOMA FOR 30 YEARS
AND I'VE LIVED THERE FOR 10
YEARS, SO, PEOPLE GENERALLY
SPEAKING ARE -- THEY'RE NOT
ANTISCIENCE BUT THEY'RE -- IT
TAKES THEM A WHILE TO START TO
TRUST SCIENTISTS AND THE
RESEARCH ENTERPRISE.
AND I THINK IT WILL BE A GREAT
IDEA FOR HELEN'S GROUP OR
SOMEBODY AT NIA TO HAVE A FEW
LISTENING SESSIONS IN RURAL
AMERICA AND CREATE SOME KIND OF
COMMUNITY ADVISORY BOARD MADE UP
OF MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WHO LIVE
IN RURAL PARTS OF THE UNITED
STATES AND FOR NATIVE AMERICAN
THERE'S HISTORIC DISTRUST FOR
RESEARCH AND SCIENCE AND
GOVERNMENT IN GENERAL AND
UNFORTUNATELY, A LOT OF RURAL
OKLAHOMA IS THAT WAY.
SO WE LEARNED A LOT DURING THE
COVID PANDEMIC.
IT WAS YOU KNOW, WHAT WE FOUND
IN THAT -- 1 OF THE KEY
EXPERIENCE WE HAD, A LOT OF
CONVERSATION WAS THAT THEY DO --
DO NOT TRUST POLITICIANS OR
OTHER FOLKS BUT THEY DO TRUST
COMMUNITY LEADERS.
IF 1 OF THEM MAKE A POINT THAT
THIS IS OKAY, THEN IT HAD -- CAN
CARRIES A LOT OF WEIGHT TO THEM.
SO ANYWAY, JUST A THOUGHT, BUT,
I HUNDRED PERCENT SUPPORT THE
IDEA OF TAKING SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH TO WHERE PEOPLE ARE,
SOMEBODY MADE THAT COMMENT, I
LOVED IT.
SO JUST WANT TO MAKE THAT POINT.
>> OKAY, WE WILL TAKE THOSE
COMMENTS, TOO, IN TERMS OF
SUGGESTIONS FOR SPEAKERS AT THE
NIH LEVEL AND BEYOND WHO ARE
INVOLVED IN SOME OF THESE MORE
SPECIFICALLY WE MIGHT INVITE TO
UPCOMING SESSIONS OF OUR
COUNCIL.
>> RICHARD, COULD I ADD BECAUSE
I THINK SOMEONE SAID SOMETHING
VERY IMPORTANT THAT WE SHOULD
ALL AS IN OUR LIVES OUTSIDE OF
BEING ON NACA, SO WE'RE ON NACA
FOR A CERTAIN NUMBER OF DAYS PER
YEAR, PAY ATTENTION TOO WHICH IS
AS PEOPLE IN OUR OWN COMMUNITIES
WITH PROBABLY GREATER KNOWLEDGE
OF THE SCIENCE THAT IS ONGOING
AT NIH, WE CAN SO FEEL MAKE A
CONCERTED EFFORT TO EDUCATE OUR
FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES AS TO THE
IMPORTANCE OF THE SCIENCE AND TO
DO SO IN WAYS THAT ARE VERY SORT
OF PLAIN LANGUAGE, NOT BOGGED
DOWN IN THE SCIENCE OF THE
SCIENCE.
SO AS AN EXAMPLE, I GIVE JEFF
WILLIAMSON GAVE OUR HENDERSON
LECTURE AT THE MEETING LAST WEEK
AND AS MANY PEOPLE KNOW, HE'S
HAD A LONG STANDING INTEREST IN
RESEARCH ON CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS
ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND AT THE END
OF HIS LECTURE, I ENCOURAGED HIM
IF HE WAS ASKED TO WRITE IT UP
FOR THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN
GERIATRIC SOCIETY, TO WRITE THAT
TALK UP IN PLAIN LANGUAGE,
BECAUSE PEOPLE ACTUALLY REALLY
UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF BLOOD
PRESSURE AND THE NEED TO
REGULATE IT, BUT WHAT THEY MAY
NOT UNDERSTAND IS THE IMPORTANT
ROLE THAT NIA HAD IN SUPPORTING
HIS RESEARCH, THE KIND OF
RESEARCH THAT JEFF DOES OVER THE
LONG-TERM BECAUSE IT'S I THINK
THE VALUE OF FEDERAL INVESTMENT
IS REALLY IN THAT LONG STANDING,
LONG INVESTMENT AND NOT IN SORT
OF -- WE'RE INVESTING IN
RESEARCH AND IT'S GOT A SHORT
TIMELINE SO WE NEED TO BRING
SOMETHING TO MARKET AND I THINK
THE MORE WE CAN SIMPLIFY WHAT
NIH AND NIA ARE INVESTING IN
INTO CONCEPTS AND THINGS THAT
THE AMERICAN PUBLIC UNDERSTAND,
THE MORE THEY WILL UNDERSTAND
THE VALUE OF THE RESEARCH THAT
IS SUPPORTED BY THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT.
>> THANK YOU, NANCY.
>> I -- YOU KNOW ON THE NIA
WEBSITE, JUDGE UOF -- JUST ON E
SAME THAT NANCY WAS TALKING
ABOUT, IF THERE'S A PLACE WHERE
NONSCIENTISTS, LAY PEOPLE CAN GO
AND READ ABOUT THE WORK OF NIA
SCIENTISTS, AND REALLY, REALLY
SIMPLE LAY MAN TERMINOLOGY, I
CHAIR THE CHEROKEE IRB AND EVERY
PROJECT THAT WE APPROVE AND
SUPPORT WE ASK THE RESEARCHER TO
PROVOID A 1 PAGE LAY SUMMARY AND
IT'S A 1 PAGE LAY SUMMARY, NOT
FOR SCIENTISTS, NOT FOR YOU KNOW
HIGHLY EDUCATED PEOPLE, IT'S
JUST FOR LAY PEOPLE, AND IT
TALKS ABOUT THIS WAS THE
RESEARCH, THIS IS HOW IT WAS
DONE, THIS IS HOW IT WAS
RELEVANT TO CHEROKEE PEOPLE, AND
THIS WAS FOUND AND IF THERE'S
ANYTHING FUTURE THAT THEY PLAN
TO DO OR FOLLOW UP STUDY OR
WHATEVER.
IT'S JUST A 1 PAGER AND REALLY,
REALLY SIMPLE.
WE JUST CALL IT COMMUNITY
SUMMARY, OR LAY SUMMARY.
AND I THINK IF THERE'S A PLACE
AT NIA AND MAYBE EVERY NIH
INSTITUTE WHERE LAY PEOPLE AND
START DIRECTING PEOPLE TOWARDS
THAT, WHERE, HEY, THIS IS THE
WORK WE'RE DOING AND THIS IS THE
PLACE CAN YOU GO AND A LOT OF
PEOPLE AS WE KNOW NOW ESPECIALLY
YOUNG PEOPLE THE WAY THEY GET
THEIR INFORMATION IS THROUGH
SOCIAL MEDIA AND STRONG
PRESENCE, MAYBE LINK THERE THAT
IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT
THIS, GO HERE.
HERE'S A LINK TO IT.
AND A LOT OF YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE
-- I'M LEARNING IN MY OWN WORK
IS THAT THEY'RE INTO
INFORMATICS, YOU KNOW REALLY
NICE, CATCHY STUFF.
NOT A LOT OF JARGON, JUST YOU
KNOW PICTURES AND, MOJIs AND
THIS AND THAT.
I'M JUST LIKE, THESE ARE KIDS,
BUT THEY'RE INTO THAT KIND OF
STUFF AND MAYBE WE NEED TO YOU
KNOW START THINKING IN THOSE
TERMS BECAUSE YOU KNOW THE MORE
PEOPLE ARE EDUCATED.
I MEAN EVERYBODY IN THIS, ALL 27
PEOPLE HERE, WE PRETTY MUCH
THINK ALIKE, AND WE APPRECIATE
SAME THING AND WE APPRECIATE THE
RESEARCH ENTERPRISE BUT WE'RE
TALKING ABOUT TAKING OUTSIDE OF
THIS GROUP, HOW DO WE TAKE
INFORMATION THERE.
THERE'S A CADRE OF PEOPLE WHO
ARE OUT THERE, WE DON'T HAVE TO
CONVINCE ANYBODY.
THEY WILL ALREADY KNOW.
YOU KNOW, THAT MY GRANDFATHER,
MY GRANDMA, WHATEVER, YOU KNOW,
I GOTTA MAKE SURE THAT I'M MORE
ENGAGED IN SUPPORTING PEOPLE WHO
ARE DOING THIS KIND OF WORK.
JUST MY THOUGHT.
>> SO JUST AS A QUICK UPDATE,
THESE ARE SUCH IMPORTANT
COMMENTS YOU ARE MAKING.
I CAN TELL YOU THAT ALMOST ALL
THE ADRCs ARE VERY ACTIVE AT
SOCIAL MEDIA OUTLETS AND MOST F
THE ADRC WEBSITES WILL ARE A
SECTION FOR LAY PUBLIC AND I
THINK ALL THOSE THINGS ARE
ABSOLUTELY PIVOTAL AND THEY ARE
USED AND THEY ARE CHECKED IN BY
PUBLIC MULTIPLE TIMES AND I CAN
TELL YOU IN WISCONSIN AND
CERTAINLY ALL THE OTHER ADRCs
ARE VERY ACTIVE THERE, I SHOULD
ALSO TELL YOU THE COMMENT YOU
MADE ABOUT THE COMMUNITY
ADVISORY BOARDS, EVERY AD/RDC
HAS MULTIPLE COMMUNITY ADVISORY
BOARDS AND WHAT YOU SAID THEY
PLAY A 55ITAL ROLE IN EDUCATING
THE COMMUNITY IN THE AREA AND
ALSO REALLY SPREADING THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF PARTICIPATING IN
RESEARCH AND BRAIN DONATION AND
ALL KINDS OF THINGS SO ADRC IS
VERY ACTIVE IN 2 AREAS YOU
HIGHLIGHTED, THE ISSUE IS WE
HAVE TO TAKE IT BEYOND ADRCs
AND PERHAPS TO OTHER NIA
RESOURCES IT BED BE DONE BUT
ADRC'S COULD PROVIDE VERY
IMPORTANT INPUT IN THESE AREAS.
>> I APPRECIATE THE CONVERSATION
AND I WOULD ADD JUST AS WE VALUE
YOUR EXPERTISE AND YOUR ADVOCACY
AND JUDGMENTS ABOUT SCIENTIFIC
INITTIAIVE ITS WE PRESENT TO YOU
AND COMEBTS OR RECOMMENDATIONS
YOU MIGHT WANT TO MAKE TO US,
THAT IN TURN ARE READ AND SEEN
MORE BROADLY, IF YOU WANT TO
MAKE AND REINFORCE THE POINT
THAT YOU ARE ENGAGED IN RIGHT
NOW, ABOUT THE NEED FOR
COMMUNICATION AND OUTREACH, THIS
ALL WILL BE SEEN AND HEARD BY
US, BUT EQUALLY IMPORTANTLY BY
THE AUDIENCES WHO HAVE AN
OPPORTUNITY TO SEE THE
RECOMMENDATIONS BEING MADE BY
OUR ADVISORY COUNCIL.
>> ABSOLUTELY.
ALL RIGHT.
ANY OTHER COMMENTS?
>> IT'S CYNTHIA, I WOULD JUST
ADD TO THAT, NOT TO FORGET THOSE
OF US WHO LIVE ALONE.
WE TALK A LOT ABOUT CARE
PARTNERS, WE TALK ABOUT
DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES WHETHER
THEY BE RURAL, OR IN MAJOR
CITIES BUT MANY PEOPLE WHO ARE
LIVING WITH DEMENTIA AT ALL
STAGES ARE LIVING ALONE AND HOW
CAN WE MAKE SURE THAT WE'RE
SUPPORTING THEM AND NOT LEAVING
THEM OUT.
SOME PEOPLE DO HAVE FAMILY
NEARBY THAT IS ABLE TO STEP IN,
WHEN THE TIME COMES, OTHERS DO
NOT.
AND SO, YOU KNOW THINKING ABOUT
THAT GROUP OF PEOPLE, TOO, AS WE
TALK ABOUT REACHING OUT TO
DIFFERENT AREAS OF OUR COUNTRY
AND DIFFERENT POPULATIONS, I
JUST WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE
RECOGNIZE THAT AS WELL.
>> THANK YOU CYNTHIA.
VERY MUCH SO, VERY IMPORTANT.
AND JUST AGAIN REEMPHASIZES THE
IMPORTANCE OF HOW WE COMMUNICATE
AND THE DIFFERENT GROUPS
INVOLVED HERE AND IT'S NOT JUST
THE OLDER POPULATION, IT'S THOSE
PEOPLE WHO ARE SURROUNDING THEM,
TOO, WHO ARE THERE CAREGIVERS,
SO ALL WALKS OF LIFE TO
UNDERSTAND AS WAS MENTIONED, THE
SCIENCE, SOME OF THE RESEARCH
THAT'S GOING ON AND CAN HAVE
THOSE DISCUSSIONS WITH PEOPLE,
SO THIS IS JUST -- IT'S ACROSS
THE BOARD, AND THE IMPORTANCE IS
REALLY PARAMOUNT.
SO THANK YOU.
LIZ IN.
>> JUST TO THAT POINT, THERE IS
EVIDENT OF A GROWING NUMBER OF
ADULTS IN THE U.S. LIVING ALONE
AND THERE WAS GOOD TEAVENGZ TO
THE PEOPLE LIVING ALONE IN THE
COMMUNITY WITH DEMENTIA AT THE
MOST RECENT DEM-TEBURKEULOSEISIA
CARE SUMMIT -- DEMENTIA CARE
SUMMIT SO THESE TOPICS ARE ON
OUR RADAR IN A VARIETY OF ANGLES
SO I APPRECIATE YOU BRINGING
THIS TO ATTENTION IN THIS FORUM
AS WELL.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU CYNTHIA AND LIZ.
VERY GOOD.
OKAY, I THINK WE HAVE OUR NEXT
SPEAKER.
WE ARE AHEAD OF SCHEDULE BUT I
REALLY APPRECIATE THIS
CONVERSATION REGARDING THE
PRIORITIES WE NEED TO PAY
ATTENTION TO AT NIA AND AT THE
NIH AND HOW IT RELATED TO THE
NASEM REPORT THAT WAS JUST
PRESENTED TOO, SO GREATLY
APPRECIATE ALL THE COMMENTS THAT
OUR MEMBERS HAVE PROVIEDMANNED
FOR US.
SO I'M GOING TO TURN IT OVER NOW
TO JOHN, JOHN PHILLIPS WHO WILL
INTRODUCE OUR NEXT SPEAKER.
JOHN?
>> CAN YOU HEAR ME?
>> YES SO DR. JESSICA PAULEY IS
WITH THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER
AND INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL
RESEARCH AT UNIVERSITY OF
MICHIGAN, SHE WORKS ON
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF
SALIVA AND BLOOD SAMPLES AND
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HRS GENETIC
AND EPIGENETIC DATA MANY OF
WHICH IS COLLECTED IN THE HOME
AS DISCUSSED EARLIER.
SHE SERVES AS A LEAD OF THE
BIOMARKER CORE FOR HARMONIZED
COGNITIVE ASETIONZMENT PROTOCOL
OR HCAB NETWORK THAT HARMONIZES
DEMETROPOLITANNIA MEASUREMENT
ACROSS THE STUDIES, AND AS THE
MPI OF THE NIA FUNDED BIOMARKER
NETWORK, TESTS NEW BIOMARKERS
AND HARMONIZES THE BI ONY
MARKERS ACROSS NA FUNDED
STUDIES.
IN HER SPARE TIME SHE CO-LEADS 2
NIA FUNDED WORKSHOPS ON
DENATIONAL
DENATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINICS
FOR SOCIAL SCIENTISTS THAT
PROVIDE HANDS ON TRAINING FOR
SCIENCE RESEARCHER WHO IS WERE
TO INCORPORATE GENOMIC DATA INTO
THEIR RESEARCH.
THE DOCTORS INTERESTS ARE
EPIDEMIOLOGY, DEMOGRAPHY AND
ANALLING.
SHE WAS A GRANTOR OF GENES AND
COGNITIVE DECLINE AND CO LEADING
STUDY TO CHARACTERIZE
DISPARITIES AND ALZHEIMER'S
DISEASE RISK THROUGH AINAL SIS
OF POLYGENIC RISK SCORES AND
OTHER FACTORS.
TOGETHER WITH THE DATA TEAM SHE
ANALYZED DATA FOR MULTIPLE
GENOME WIDE DATA STUDIES SON
SOPHISTICATED ARE THIA USING A
VARIETY OF PHENOTYPES SHE ALSO
HAS SEVERAL GRANTS TO ANALYZE
AND COLLECT DNA METHYLATION DATA
EXCUSE ME, TO UNDERSTAND HOW
EPIGENETICS RELATES TO HEALTH
EXPOSURES AND HEALTH OUTCOMES,
SHE RECEIVED A Ph.D. AS WELL
AS MPh IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND A
B. A. IN JAPANESE WHICH HAS A
STORY ASSOCIATED TO IT.
TODAY SHE WILL PRESENT HER WORK
WHAT WE LEARN BY ADDING
BIOLOGICAL TO A SOCIAL SCIENCE
SURVEY AND PLEASE HELP ME IN
WELCOMING DR. JESSICA PAUL.
>> THANK YOU JOHN, GIVE ME A
MOMENT WHILE I FIND THE RIGHT
WINDOW.
AS ALWAYS THE FUN PART OF THIS,
RIGHT?
CAN EVERYONE SEE ME AND THE
SLIDE?
>> YES.
>> THANK.
GREAT.
I AM EXCITED TO BE HERE TO TALK
TO ABOUT THE HEALTH AND
RETIREMENT STUDY AND HEALTH AND
RESEARCH I'M WORKING ON WITH MY
COLLABORATORS, I WAS JOKING WITH
MY FAMILY EARLIER IT FELT LIKE
BEING ASKED TO THE PROMULGATE.
JOHN ALREADY GAVE A GREAT
INTRODUCTION, VERY
COMPREHENSIVE.
I THINK THE POINT HERE IN THE
WORK I DO IS JUST A WEAR MANY
HATS, SO I THINK I'M HERE TODAY
WEARING MULTIPLES OF THOSE HATS,
BOTH AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY BUT
ALSO IN MY RESEARCH LIFE, AS A
PERSON WHO USES THE DATA THAT
THE HRS PRODUCES.
SO THAT IS PRIMARILY WHAT I WILL
BE TALKING ABOUT TO YOU -- WITH
YOU TODAY.
SO MY OUTLINE FOR TODAY IS TO
GIVE YOU A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO
THE HRS, AND THEN USING
EPIGENETIC DATA AS AN EXAMPLE, I
WANT TO TALK ABOUT WHAT BIOLOGY
ADDS TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF
LATER LIFE OUTCOMES, HOW BIOLOGY
CAN PROVIDE A WINDOW INTO
UNMEASURED EXPOSURES, WHY HAVING
LONGITUDINAL DATA MATTERS, AND
REALLY HOW WE THINK ABOUT THE
INTEGRATION OF THE SOCIAL AND
THE BIOLOGICAL, SO, WHY HAVING
THESE DATA ON SOCIAL AND
BEHAVIORIAL FACTORS ALSO MATTERS
FOR OUR UNDERSTANDING OF
BIOLOGY.
I'LL TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT
RESEARCH IMPACT AND WITH WHAT
THE FUTURE HOLDS AT LEAST FOR
THE HIS.
SO THE OVERVIEW, THE HRS WAS
INITIALLY SUPPORTED BY CONGRESS
IN 1980 AND IT'S BEEN GOING ON
SINCE THEN.
IT IS LARGEST AND MOST
COMPREHENSIVE PANEL STUDY OF
AMERICANS OVER AGE 50.
IT IS FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL
EN--STRATEGIESITUTE ON AGING
WITH SUPPORT FROM THE SOCIAL
SECURITY ADMINISTRATION IS LED
BY KEN LINGA AND DAVID WE'RE,
OUR PROGRAM OFFICER IS JOHN
PHILLIPS AND OUR PROJECT
SCIENTIST IS JON KING.
SO WE HAVE A GREAT TEEM OF
LEADERS, IT'S A
MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY FOCUSED
ON 5 BROAD TOPICS, ECONOMIC
RESOURCES, HEALTH AND USE OF
HEALTH SERVICES, COGNITION, WORK
AND RETIREMENT AND FAMILY
CONNECTIONS SO IT'S A
COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY.
THE HRS DATA ARE ALSO LINKED TO
ADMINISTRATE OF RECORDS FROM
SOCIAL SECURITY, MEDICARE,
MEDICAID, VA, NATIONAL DEATH
ENDEXTRAN SULFATE AND EMPLOYER
PROVIDED PENSION PLANS.
SINCE 2006, THE DATA COLLECTION
EXPANDED GREATLY TO INCLUDE
BIOMARKERS AND GENETICS,
INCREASED PSYCHOSOCIAL CONTENT
AND EXPANDED COGNITIVE
ASSESSMENT THROUGH THE
HARMONIZED COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT
PROTOCOL.
WE NOW ALSO ARE EXPANDING OUR
LINKS TO CONTEXTURAL DATA USING
GEOCODED RESIDENTIAL DATA BOTH
ARE PARTICIPANTS IN THE TIME
THEY'VE BEEN IN THE SURVEY, BUT
ALSO USING OUR LIFE HISTORY
QUESTIONNAIRE WHERE WE GET A
COMPLETE RESIDENTIAL DATA
HISTORY ON EVERYONE.
SO THE OVERALL DESIGN OF THE
STUDY AS I MENTIONED WERE
NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE BUT WE
HAVE OVERSAMPLES OF BLACK AND
HISPANIC INDIVIDUALS TO FACAS
TILL SILLITATE ANALYSIS OF THOSE
SUBGROUPS.
OUR BASE LINE INTERVIEWS ARE
WITH COMMUNITY DWELLING
INDIVIDUALS BUT IF PARTICIPANTS
MOVE INTO A NURSING HOME DURING
THE TIME WE'RE IN THE STUDY WE
FOLLOW THEM AND INTERVIEW THEM
THERE.
INTERVIEW INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR
SPOUSES AND PARTNERS EVERY 2
YEARS UNTIL TIME OF DEATH AND
WE'RE MULTIMODAL INTERVIEW, O IN
PERSON, TELEPHONE, BY MAIL AND
ON THE WEB.
WE INTRODUCE A NEW 6 YEAR BIRTH
COHORT OF PARTICIPANTS EVERY 6
YEARS TO MAINTAIN OUR STUDY
STATE AND REPRESENTATIVE AND WE
USE PROXY RESPONDENTS FOR
DECLINING HEALTH OR COGNITION.
AND FINALLY WE DO GREWS WITH THE
FAMILIES LYE FOLLOWING THE DEATH
OF A PARTICIPANT TO FEEBD OUT
MOSTLY ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED IN
THE LAST 6 MONTHS OF LIFE.
AS I MKSED IN 2006, WE ADDED A
LOT OF NEW THINGS ISSUES
PHYSICAL MEASURES, DRIED BLOOD
SPOTS AND GENETICS.
IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL MEASURES WE
HAVE A SECTION OF THE SURVEY WE
DO IN THE PARTICIPANTS HOME
WHERE WHERE WE MEASURE BLOOD
PRESSURE, BREATHING TEST, GRIP
STRENGTH BALANCE TESTS HEIGHT,
WEIGHT, WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND
TIMED WALK, WE ALSO CHECK THOSE
AND ANALYZE THEM FOR A SMALL SET
OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT ASSAYS.
WHILE WE'RE IN THE HOME, WE ALSO
COLLECT SALIVARY DNA FOR GENETIC
ANALYSIS AND WE USED THIS
INFORMATION TO RUN THE ILLUMINA
HUMAN OMNI ARRAYS AND WE HAVE
20,000 IN THE REPOSITORY NOW AND
WE HAVE ABOUT 2.5 MILLION
VARIANTS MEASURED BUT WE ALSO
SPECIFICALLY GENOTYPE FOR APOE.
BECAUSE IT DOESN'T WORK WELL
WITH THE ILLUMENNA ASSAYS BUT
IT'S IMPORTANT FOR US TO HAVE IN
EMERGING ITS OF PHENOTYPES.
ALL DATA ARE DISTRIBUTED
PUBLICLY THROUGH VARIOUS NIBE H
SUPPORTED REPOSITORY, INCLUDING
DBGAP AND OTHERS.
IN 2016 WE SWITCHED COURSES A
LITTLE BIT.
WE FELT THAT WE COULD DO MORE IF
WE HAD VENUS BLOOD COLLECTION,
SOPHISTICATEDY WE STARTED DOING
VENUS BLOOD COLLECTION IN 2016
AND WE CONTRACTED IT OUT TO A
FLEBOT ME COMPANY, SO WE COLLECT
OUR SAMPLES, WE'RE STILL USING 6
TUBES, WITH 50-MILLILITERS OF
BLOOD, WE SEND IT TO THE LAB AT
THE UNIVERSITY OF MIN MACHINE
WITHIN 24 HOURS AND THEN, WE
ASSAY SOME OF WHAT WE HAVE
COLLECTED TO RETURN ABOUT 25
DIFFERENT TESTS OF PARTICIPANTS
WITHIN 2 WEEKS.
WE HAVE A WHOLE SET OF RESEARCH
ASSAYS THAT WE DO AND THEN WE
BANK A LOT OF MATERIAL, PROBABLY
ABOUT HALF THAT WE COLLECT IN A
REPOSITORY FOR FUTURE USE.
ALL TOLD WE HAVE ABOUT 80
BIOMARKERS, YOU KNOW FROM THE
VENUS BLOOD, FROM THE FIZZERAL
MEASURES THAT WE DO THAT ARE
ONGOING AND PART OF OUR DATA
COLLECTION TO DATE.
THIS IS A REALLY OVERFLOWING
SLIDE BUT I JUST WANT TO YOU TO
GET A SENSE OF REALLY THE SCOPE
OF WHAT WE'RE DOING AND THE
BREDTH.
SO WE'RE COVERING A LOT OF
THINGS FROM CARDIO METABOLIC
ASSAYS TO SPECIFIC TESTS ON
NEURODEGENERATION, AND I WOULD
ALSO LIKE TO POINT OUT THAT WE
ARE UNIQUE IN HOW DETAILED WE
ARE CHARACTERIZING IMMUNE
FUNCTION ON SUCH A LARGE SAMPLE
SO WE DO FLOW CYTOMETRY TO DO A
COMPLETE CELL CENSUS OF ALL
THESE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CELLS
AND AGAIN, MAKE THIS ALL
AVAILABLE FOR RESEARCHERS TO
USE.
SO TODAY I WANT TO FOCUS ON
EPIGENETICS OF DEMENTIA, THIS IS
1 OF THE HALLMARKS OF AGING.
YOU HAVE PROBABLY SEEN THIS
BEFORE.
AND THE HALLMARKS OF AGING ARE 9
KEY CELLULAR AND PROCESSES THAT
ARE CONSIDERED TO BE THE CORE
DRIVERS OF THE AGING PROCESS, SO
UNDERSTANDING THESE HALLMARK
SYSTEM CRUCIAL FOR DEVELOPING
STRATEGIES TO SLOW DOWN OR
REVERSE THE EFFECTS OF AGING AND
TO PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING.
THE TRICK HERE IS THAT SOME OF
THESE WE CAN MEASURE EASILY IN
POPULATION STUDIES AND SOME ARE
QUITE TRICKY.
TODAY WE'RE GOING TO FOCUS ON 1
OF THEM WHICH IS EPIGENETIC
ALTERATIONS, JUST AS AN EXAMPLE
OF HOW WE THINK ABOUT BIOLOGICAL
MEASUREMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF A
SOCIAL SCIENCE SURVEY, AND ALSO
BECAUSE IT'S 1 OF THE 1S WE CAN
ACTUALLY MEASURE PRETTY WELL.
SO EPIGENETICS THIS ESSENTIALLY
WHAT WE SAY THIS IT'S A BROAD
TERM AND IT MEANS THE STUDY OF
MOLECULES AND MECHANISMS THAT
CAN RESULT IN DIFFERENT GENE
ACTIVITY AND A CONTEXT IN WHICH
THE DNA SEQUENCE STAYS THE SAME
SO WE'RE NOT NECESSARILY TALKING
ABOUT GENETIC MUTATIONS, WE'RE
TALKING ABOUT SOMETHING AT A
LEVEL ABOVE THAT SO IT CHANGES
IN HOW GENES ARE EXPRESSED
WITHOUT ALTERING THE DNA
SEQUENCE ITSELF.
SO IT CAN DISRUPT OR CHANGE
CELLULAR PROCESSES AND HAD THIS
CONTEXT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT IT
AS IT CONTRIBUTES TO THE AGING
PROCESS.
BUT THIS IS JUST 1 TYPE OF
EPIGENETICS WHEN WE TALK ABOUT
DNA METHYLATION.
AND HERE, ON THE RIGHT HAND
SIDE, CAN YOU SEE THAT THERE ARE
OTHER THINGS THAT HAPPENED LIKE
EFTHIMIOSON MODIIVESS AND OTHER
THINGS THAT ARE ALL ALSO PART OF
AN EPIIMENETTIC PROCESS BUT WE
FOCUS ON DID, NA METHYLATION,
MOSTLY BECAUSE IT'S AN EASIER 1
TO MEASURE BUT I JUST WANT YOU
TO UNDERSTAND THAT IT'S PART OF
A BIGGER PROCESS, SO
SPECIFICALLY WHEN WE TALK ABOUT
DNA METHYLATION, WE'RE TALKING
ABOUT METHYLATION OF A
CYTOSWREEN IN WHAT'S CALLED THE
CPG SITE, SO CPG SITES OR
CYTOSWREEN AND GAUNINE, AND DNA
SO IT'S A SPECIFIC SEQUENCE OF
NUCLEOTIDES AND A METHYL GROUPS
ATTACHED IT MAKE ITS METHALATED.
WHEN WE HAVE METHALATED
CYTOSWREENS THE GENE CAN CHANGE
ITS EXPRESSION AND THAT'S WHAT
WE'RE LOOKING FOR BUT I ALSO
WANT YOU TO UNDERSTAND THAT A
LOT OF TIMES I THINK DNA
METHYLATION IS TALKED ABOUT IN A
NEGATIVE WAY, LIKE IT'S ALWAYS
BAD, BUT UNDERSTAND THAT IT'S
TOTALLY NORMAL.
WE WANT OUR CELLS TO HAVE
DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION.
IT'S ESSENTIAL TO CELL
DIFFERENTIATION SO IT'S WHAT
MAKES A MUSCLE CELL DIFFERENT
FROM A BRAIN CELL.
THESE CHANGES IN METHYLATION AND
GENE EXPRESSION IS WHAT MAKES
OUR CELLS DO DIFFERENT THINGS
EVEN THOUGH THEY ALL HAVE THE
SAME DNA SEQUENCE SO IT'S
COMPLETE LE NORMAL AND PART OF
OUR BODY'S FUNCTIONING NORMALLY,
WE'RE JUST TAKING ADVANTAGE OF
CHAIMPLES -- CHANGES THAT MIGHT
NOT BE NORMAL OR HAPPENING AT A
DIFFERENT RATE IN PEOPLE'S
BODIES AND WE WILL TALK ABOUT
THAT A BIT MORE.
SO WE'RE INTERESTED IN THESE
THINGS BECAUSE THEY REFLECT
CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION, THEY
ARE INFLUENCED BY THE
ENVIRONMENT, THEIR TISSUE
SPECIFIC.
WE WILL GET INTO THAT BUT THEY
CHANGE OVERTIME.
AND IF YOU THINK ABOUT YOU KNOW
THE TYPES OF THINGS THAT WE'RE
INTERESTED WHEN WE THINK ABOUT
HEALTH OUTCOMES AND HEALTH
BEHAVIORS AND EXPOSURES, WE'RE
REALLY INTERESTED IN THE THINGS
THAT CAN BE INTERVENED ON, THESE
ARE THE THINGS THAT WE
UNDERSTAND THAT WE CAN CHANGE
THAT WE CAN POSSIBLY TAKE
ADVANTAGE OF IN ORDER TO HELP
PEOPLE LIVE LONG AND HEALTHY
LIVES.
SO IF I TAKE A CELL FROM YOUR
BRAIN VERSUS YOUR LIVER, THAT
WILL LOOK DIFFERENT.
IF I ELECTRIC AT A LEUKOCYTE
CELL VERSUS A DIFFERENT TYPE OF
CELL THAT ALSO WILL HAVE A
DIFFERENT METHYLATION PATTERN,
SO THESE CELL TYPES MATTER AND
IT'S IMPORTANT FOR US TO KNOW
THAT.
IT'S EXPOSURE DEPENDENT SO
THINGS LIKE SMOKING CAN HAVE
REALLY CONSEQUENTIAL EXPOSURE TO
THE METHYLATION SIGNATURE THAT
WE SEE, AND IT BE OUTCOME
ASSOCIATED SO IT CAN BE CAUSAL
OR CONSEQUENTIAL TO VARIOUS
DISEASE STATES.
SO AGAIN IT MAKES IT A REALLY
ATTRACTIVE THING FOR US TO LOOK
FOR BECAUSE OF ALL OF THESE
THINGS.
SO I'M INTERESTED IN IT AS A
MECHANISM FOR DISEASE BUT WE'RE
ALSO INTERESTED IN IT BECAUSE IT
BE A BIOMARKER OF DISEASE OR
EXPOSURE.
AND I THINK WE'RE SPENDING A LOT
OF TIME ON NOW, IS TRYING TO
SORT THESE RELATIONSHIPS OUT.
SO GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION
STUDIES AND EACH COLORED BAR
JUST REPRESENTS A DIFFERENT
CHROMOSOME AND EACH COLORED DOT
IN THIS PARTICULAR FIGURE
REPRESENTS A CPG SITE AND
ESSENTIALLY ALL WE ARE DOING ARE
HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF LINEAR
REGRESSIONS ON WHETHER THAT CPG
SITE IS RELATED TO THE OUTCOME
THAT WE'RE INTERESTED IN.
AND IN THE HIGHER AS THE DOT
APPEARS ON THE GRAPH, THE MORE
ASSOCIATED IT IS WITH THAT
OUTCOME SO WE'RE JUST LOOKING
FOR THOSE PEAKS, WE'RE LOOKING
FOR THE THINGS ASSOCIATED WITH
OUR OUTCOME OF INTEREST.
SO IT'S VERY AGNOSTIC, LIKE
WE'RE VERY -- WE GO IN WITHOUT
ANY IDEA OF WHAT WE'RE GOING
FOCUSED ON FIND OR LOOK FOR
THERE.
WE CAN OFTEN TAKE THAT
INFORMATION FROM AN EWAS STUDY
AND CREATE A SCORE,
SOPHISTICATEDY THESE
POLYEPIGENETIC SCORES OR PEGS
WORK JUST LIKE POLYGENIC RISK
SCORES OR POLYGENIC RISK SCORES
IF YOU HEARD ABOUT THOSE FROM
GENETIC DATA SO WE'RE JUST
TAKING THE ASSOCIATION OF CPG
SITE IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE
WITH AN OUTCOME AND WE'RE KIND
OF MULTIPLYING THAT OUT ACROSS
ALL THE CPG SITES THAT ARE
RELEVANT TO GIVE SOMEONE A RISK
SCORE OF SORT OF HOW METHALATED
THEIR SITES ARE RELATED TO AN
OUTCOME OF INTEREST.
THE OTHER THING WE CAN DO IS
TAKE EWAS DATA AND TRAIN THOSE
CPG SITES IN A MACHINE LEARNING
KIND OF WAY TO PREDICT AN
OUTCOME THAT WE CARE ABOUT.
SO HERE WE USE ELASTIC
REGRESSION TO DO IT SO HERE
WE'RE NOT JUST KIND OF
MULTIPLYING THINGS OUT BY THEIR
INDIVIDUAL WEIGHT, WE'RE SAYING
WE'RE GOING TO APPLY MACHINE
LEARNING AND PREDICT AN
ALGORITHM THAT PREDICTINGS THE
BEST.
SO WE WILL SAY HERE'S OUR
OUTCOME OF INTEREST, PLEASE COME
UP WITH A FORMULA THAT IS GOING
TO WORK THE BEST IN PREDICTING
OUTCOMES ON A POPULATION LEVEL
SOY HERE WE'RE CREATING WHAT WE
CALL A DNA METHYLATION SURROGATE
AND WE DO THIS -- WE SPLIT OUR
SAMPLES INTO GROUPS, MAYBE IT'S
50/50 OR MAYBE IT'S 80/20 WHERE
WE TRAIN IT ON PEOPLE AND TEST
IT TO MAKE SURE IT WORKS OR
MAYBE WE HAVE A DATA SET
OUTSIDE, EXTERNAL TO OUR
TRAINING 1 TO TEST THEM.
BUT ESSENTIALLY THIS IS A
DIFFERENT MACHINE LEARNING
APPROACH TO CREATING RISK
SCORES.
AND MY GUESS IS YOU HAVE HEARD
ABOUT THESE, THE
EPIGENERATEDETEC CLOCKS IS 1
KIND OF THE THIS DNA METHYLATION
SURROGATE.
SO THIS IS A SURROGATE OF AGE,
OR BIOLOGICAL AGE, IT'S THE SAME
PROCESS, AN ELASTIC REGRESSION
WHERE WE'RE TRAINING THE
METHYLATION DATA TO PREDICT
SOMETHING WE CARE ABOUT, SO WITH
THE CLOCKS, IT HAS BEEN
CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, OR CLINICAL
BIOMARKERS RELATED TO BIOLOGICAL
AGE.
SO OVERTIME, WE HAVE LOTS OF
DIFFERENT CLOCKS THAT HAVE BEEN
CREATED, THIS IS JUST A SAMPLE
OF THOSE, SO THE FIRST
GENERATION CLOCKS, THOSE CREATED
BY COLLEAGUES AND OTHERS THOSE
WERE DESIGNED TO PREDICT
CHRONOLOGICAL ANAL.
SO WHAT ARE THE DNA MARKERS THAT
ARE ASSOCIATE WIDE CHRONOLOGICAL
AGE?
BUT IN REALITY, THAT'S NOT
REALLY WHAT WE'RE INTERESTED IN,
WE KNOW SOMEONE'S CHRONOLOGICAL
AGE, THAT'S PRETTY EASY JUST TO
ASK THEM, WHAT WE'RE INTERESTED
IN IS OUR BIOLOGICAL AGE, SO IS
THERE BIOLOGY REPRESENTING
SOMETHING DIFFERENT, SOME
DIFFERENT GOING ON THAT'S
ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONOLOGICAL
AGE, BUT MAYBE YOU'RE AGING A
LITTLE FASTER OR SLOWER THAN
YOUR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE SUGGESTS
AND THAT'S THE SECOND GENERATION
OF CLOCKS.
SO DNA METHYLATION PHENOAGE OR
GRIM AGE, THESE ARE ALL
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLOCKS THAT
WORK JUST THE SAME AS THE FIRST
GENERATION 1S BUT THEY WERE
TRAINED ON PHENOTYPES LIKE
MORTALITY, FOR GRIM AGE OR
PHENOAGE WAS A COLLECTION OF
BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATE WIDE AGING.
SO THE METHOD IS THE SAME BUT
THE OUTCOME THEY'RE TRAINED ON
AND WHAT THEY'RE DESIGNED TO
PREDICT IS DEFINITE.
THE THIRD GENERATION OF CLOCKS
REALLY RESULTED FROM LOOKING AT
LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN
BIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT SO NOT
JUST PREDICTING 1 POINT IN TIME
BUT THE CHANGE OVER 20-30 YEARS
AND THAT WAS THE DUNEDIN PACE
SCORE THAT WAS DEVELOPED AND NOW
WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD?
WE'RE PROBABLY TECHNICALLY IN
THE FOURTH GENERATION AND THESE
CLOCKS ARE MORE SPECIFIC TO
VARIOUS ORGAN SYSTEMS.
AND REALLY IT'S A FOCUS ON VERY
SPECIFIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
NOW.
BUT WE CAN USE ALL OF THESE IN
OUR POPULATIONS STUDIES TO HAVE
A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT
IS GOING ON, SO IN THIS PAPER,
WHERE WE USE HRS DATA AND THESE
EPIGENETIC CLOCKS THAT WE
CREATED, FROM OUR METHYLATION
DATA, WE WANTED TO KNOW WHAT
SOCIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC SOCIAL
AND BEHAVIORIAL FACTORS WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH THE CLOCKS AND
THEN ALSO HOW WELL THESE CLOCKS
PREDICTED LONGITUDINAL OUTCOMES.
SO, ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF
YOUR SCREEN, CAN YOU SEE THE
R-SQUARED DECOMPOSITION, OF THE
DIFFERENT CLOCKS.
SO 5 DIFFERENT MEASURES OF THESE
EPIGENETIC CLOCKS AND WHAT
PROPORTION OF THE VARIANCE WAS
MADE UP BY DIFFERENT THINGS THAT
WE KNOW FROM THE SURVEY, SO
BASIC DEMOGRAPHICS BUT ALSO
HEALTH DEHAD A FEWS, DEPRESSION,
CHILDHOOD SES, FINANCIAL
HARDSHIP, THIS KIND OF THING.
SO WHAT YOU CAN SEE IS THAT I
TOLD YOU CELL TYPE MATTERS,
THAT'S IN PURPLE AND IT'S PRETTY
MUCH THE SAME ACROSS ALL THE
DIFFERENT CLOCKS BUTTEN THEN
DEPENDING ON WHAT THE CLOCKS ARE
DESIGNED TO DO, WE HAVE
DIFFERENT ASSOCIATIONS WITH
THOSE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORIAL
FACTORS.
SO THE FIRST 2 ARE DESIGNED TO
PREDICT CHRONOLOGICAL AGE SO
THEY LOOK PRETTY SIMILAR AND
THEN YOU LOOK AT SOMETHING LIKE
GRIM AGE, SO THE FOURTH 1 AND
YOU SEE THIS GIANT GREEN BAR.
THIS CLOCK IS DESIGNED TO
PREDICT MORTALITY AND USES
SMOKING BEHAVIOR THAT DO THAT,
SO CAN YOU SEE HEALTHY BEHAVIORS
AND THINGS LIKE EDUCATION AND
RACE ETHNICITY, CONTRIBUTING TO
A LARGER AMOUNT OF THE VARIANCE
OF THIS CLOCK, SO THIS WAS
PRETTY INTERESTING TO US, YOU
KNOW THAT THESE KINDS OF THINGS
WERE BEING REPRESENTED IN THIS
MOLECULAR SIGNATURE THAT WE WERE
CREATING.
WE ALSO WANTED TO LOOK THEA HOW
WELL THESE CLOCKS PREDICTED
MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY, SO HERE
IS JUST AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT WE
DID SO THIS IS LOOKING AT THAT
GRIM AGE CLOCK, SO AGAIN, THIS
IS THE 1 THAT'S DESIGNED TO
PREDICT MORTALITY.
AND WHAT YOU CAN SEE IS THAT
THEY DO SO GRAY, THE GRAY PART
HERE IS HOW MUCH OF THAT GRIM
AGE ACCELERATION IS CONTRIBUTING
TO THESE OUTCOMES.
SO AGAIN, I SHOULD SAY, THESE
ARE ALL LOOKING AT THESE
OUTCOMES 2-4 YEARS OUT FROM WHEN
WE MEASURED METHYLATION, SO
WE'RE LOOKING AT INCIDENT DEC
AND MORTALITY.
SO ALL OF THE CLOCKS OR THIS
PARTICULAR CLOCK WAS RELATED TO
THESE OUTCOMES, LARGELY FROM
MULTIMORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
BECAUSE THAT WAS WHAT THE CLOCK
WAS DESIGNED TO DO SO IT MAKES
SENSE THAT IT'S KIND OF A BIGGER
PROPORTION OF THE BAR THERE, AND
BUT WHAT YOU CAN SEE IS THAT THE
SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORIAL FACTORS
ARE STILL PREDICTIVE, SO, YOU
KNOW HERE WE'RE LOOKING AT,
YELLOW, IS EDUCATION AND RACE
AND ETHNICITY AND GREEN AGAIN
AND HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND THEN,
AGENTS, THERE'S STILL
CONTRIBUTING TO THE VARIANCE
EXPLAINED IN THESE OUTCOMES.
SO WHILE THESE CLOCKS ARE
PREDICTIVE OF LATER LIFE
OUTCOMES WE EVAPORATE BEEN ABLE
TO EXPLAIN ALL OF THE VARIANTS
AWAY WITH THIS BIOLOGICAL
MEASURE ALONE.
SO THESE SOCIAL FACTORS ARE
STILL PLAYING A ROLE IN OUR
ABILITY TO PREDICT LONGITUDINAL
OUTCOMES.
SO SWITCHING GEARS HERE I
MENTIONED WE CAN TRAIN THE DAILY
BASIS THEA TO BE A SURROGATE
OUTCOME.
SO THE CLOCKS ARE AGAIN ARE
SURROGATES OF LATER LIFE
MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY BUT WE
CAN TRAIN THESE TO PREDICT JUST
ABOUT ANYTHING.
HERE WE FOCUSED ON BMI.
WE WERE INTERESTED IN WHAT ARE
THE MOLECULAR DMA METHYLATION
RELATED SIGNATURES OF BMI.
AND WE CREATED 3 DIFFERENT
SCORES, 1 FROM A PUBLISH TD
EWAS, AND 2 THAT USE THE MACHINE
LEARNING METHOD THAT I MENTIONED
AND WE,A PLIED THESE SCORES TO
THE HRS DATA TO LOOK AT HOW WELL
THEY PREDICT INCIDENT OUTCOME 2
YEARS LATER AND WHAT WE FOUND
WAS THESE METHYLATION SIGNATURES
PREDIBTED THESE OUTCOMES, MANY
OF THESE OUTCOMES IN BOTH MEN
AND WOMEN, OVER AND ABOVE
EVERYTHING ELSE WE THROUGH IN
THE MODEL, SO, DEMOGRAPHICS,
FES, HEALTH BEHAVIORS, AND ALSO
MEASURED BMI ITSELF, THESE
METHYLATION SIGNATURES REMAIN
PREDICTIVE OF DIABETES,
PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS, BLOOD
PRESSURE ARE MEN AND SLEEP
DISORDERS FOR WOMEN OVER AND
ABOVE THE MEASURE OF BMI ITSELF
AND ALL THESE SOCIAL AND
BEHAVIORIAL FACTORS.
SO IN THIS CASE OUR HYPOTHESIS
WAS THESE RESULTS HAPPEN OVER
TIME, SO THIS MEASURE WE CREATE
IS TELLING US MORE INFORMATION
AT THE BIOLOGICAL LEVEL AT
OBESITY EXPOSURE AND 1 CROSS
SECTIONAL OR EVEN LONG NUDETAL
MEASUREMENT OF BMI AND THIS WAS
PRETTY EXCITING FOR US TO FIND.
WE CAN ALSO USE EPIGENETICS TO
CREATE SCORES OF SOCIAL THINGS
SO NOT JUST BMI BUT SCORES OF
THINGS LOAMACYIC SOCIOECONOMIC
STATUS, IN THIS PROJECT WE USE
BIOMARKER EPIGENETIC DAT TO
TRAIN SCORES OF CHILDHOOD AND
ARK DULT SES.
IN BOTH HRS AND THE MESA STUDY.
SOPHISTICATEDY AGAIN WE START
WITH AN EWAS ANALYSIS OF THE
OUTCOMES THAT WE'RE INTERESTED
IN, WE USE THAT TO CREATE A
SUMMARY MEASURE OF METHYLATION
SIGNATURES WITH SES, SO ADULT
SES AND CHILDHOOD SES.
AND THEN WE TEST THOSE IN A
TESTING DATA SET.
SO HERE WE HELD OUT PART OF A
SAMPLE IN ORDER TO DO OUR
ANALYSIS, AND WHAT WE FOUND WAS
THAT THESE METHYLATION MEASURES
FOR SES WERE ALSO PREDICTIVE OF
LOTS OF INCIDENT THINGS SO
NUMBER OF CHRONIC CONDITIONS
ISSUES CARDIO METABOLIC
CONDITIONS, SELF-REPORTED HEALTH
STATUS, MORETALLITYITY AND
DEMENTIA, SO MODEL 1 IS JUST THE
MEASURE ON ITS OWN, AND MODEL 2,
ADJUSTS FOR THE ACTUAL MEASURE
OF SES ITSELF, SO, IT SHOWS YOU
HOW MUCH THE PREDICTION IS
ATTENUATE WHEN WE,A JUST FOR FOR
EXAMPLE, ADULT SES AS MEASURED
IN THE SURVEY.
BUT WHAT YOU CAN SEE IS ALL OF
THESE RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE MOST
PART REMAIN SIGNIFICANT, SO THE
METHYLATION SIGNATURE OF ADULT
SES AND SOMETIMES CHILD SES
REMAIN SIGNIFICANT IN PREDICTING
THESE THINGS OVER AND ABOVE OUR
ABILITY TO MEASURE THESE IN THE
SURVEY ITSELF.
SO AGAIN, IT'S GIVING US SOME
INFORMATION POTENTIALLY ABOUT
EXPOSURE OVER THE LONG-TERM,
IT'S SERVING AS A PROXY FOR
MAYBE UNMEASURED SOCIAL
EXPOSURES, AND PROVIDING SOME
INSIGHTS INTO THE BIOLOGICAL
MECHANISMS THAT LINK SES TO
HEALTH BEYOND WHAT IS CURRENTLY
REPORTED BY THE PARTICIPANTS
THEMSELVES.
I WILL ALSO SAY THAT IN THIS
PROJECT WE DID A MEDIATION
ANALYSIS TO SEE HOW MUCH OF THIS
METHYLATION SIGNATURE OF SES,
HOW MUCH OF THE SES RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN SES AND HEALTH DOES A
METHYLATION SIGNATURE MAKE UP
AND FOR -- I WOULD SAY THE 1
THAT WAS THE HIGHEST WAS FOR
MORTALITY, THE DNA METHYLATION
SIGNATURE MEDIATED UP TO 42% OF
THE SES HEALTH RELATIONSHIP AND
THE MORTALITY OUTCOME SO IT'S
EXPLAINING SOME OF THIS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL
FACTORS AND OUTCOMES, THAT WE'RE
INTERESTED IN.
AND WE'RE CURRENTLY EXPANDING
THIS WORK, BY TESTING IT IN A
DIFFERENT SAMPLE IN THE STUDY IN
IRELAND AND ALSO BY USING
SURROGATES CREATED OF CHILDHOOD,
SEXER S AND CHILD AUDIO
ADVERSITY MEASURES THAT WERE
ASSESS INDEED CHILDHOOD, SO IN A
SURVEY OF CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS FROM THE FUTURE OF
FAMILIES AND CHILD WELL BEING
SURVEY, WE CAN TAKE A SURVEY
THAT HAS THESE KINDS OF THINGS
REALLY WELL CHARACTERIZED AT THE
TIME SOMEBODY WAS A CHILD AND
THEN WE WILL SEE WHETHER IN THE
HRS AND IN STUDIES OF OLDER
ADULTS WE CAN TILL SEE
SIGNATURES OF THOSE THINGS, I
WILL TELL YOU THAT WE DO -- I
WILL NOT SHOW IT TODAY BUT FOR
SURE THERE ARE SIGNATURES OF
PATIENT SUBSTANCE USE THAT WE
CAN SEE IN OLDER AGE, AND THEN
OUR NEXT STEP IS TO SEE WHAT IS
THAT RELATED TO AND HOW WELL
DOES IT HELP US PREDICT THE
OUTCOMES IN OLDER AGE THAT WE
CARE ABOUT.
THE OTHER THING DNA METHYLATION
CAN HELP US DO IS LOOK AT EBS
POSURES, WE DON'T HAVE IN THE
SURVEY, OR WE CAN ASK
PARTICIPANTS ABOUT EASILY, SO IN
THIS PROJECT WE USE 2 MEASURES
OF MATERNAL SMOKING WHILE IN
UUTERO, 1 FROM AN EPIGENOME WIDE
STUDY OF NEW BORN CORD BLOOD
FROM 13 DIFFERENT CO HORRS AND
OTHER FROM OLDERA ADOLESCENTS
WHO SELF-REPORTED THAT THEIR
MOTHER SMOKED WHILE PREGNANT
WITH THEM SO AGAIN I USE THESE
METHOD WE TALK ABOUT BEFORE, AND
MACHINE LEARNING METHODS AND
USING SCORES FROM EWASS TO
CREATE RISK SCORES IN A
DIFFERENT STUDY SAMPLE, SO IN
THIS CASE, THE HRS, WE'RE
APPLYING THESE ALGORITHMS TO THE
HRS METHYLATION PROFILES TO SEE
WHAT WE FIND.
SO IT'S SMALL, BUT THERE IS A
LINEAR TREND HERE THAT -- SO
THIS IS THE MATERNAL SMOKING
RISK SCORE OF THAT NEW BORN
SCORE BY BIRTH YEAR.
SO, THE MORE RECENT BIRTH
COHORTS ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE
SHOW HIGHER EXPOSURE, EXPOSURES
TO MATERNAL SMOKING SO HERE,
AGAIN, IS THE NEW BORN SCORE, IT
SHOWS THE SLIGHT LINEAR INCREASE
WITH THE MORE RECENT BIRTH YEARS
AND THAT FITS WITH THE NEAR
LINEAR INCREASE IN SMOKING AMONG
WOMEN AT THIS TIME HISTORICALLY
SO THIS IS BEFORE THE SURGEON
GENERAL'S REPORTS WERE THIS
PATTERN WILL START TO CHANGE BUT
HISTORICALLY THIS IS KIND OF HOW
SMOKING MOOPG WOMEN LOOKED OVER
THIS TIME PERIOD.
IF THERE WAS SIGNAL FADE WEIGH
WOULD HAVE REGRESSION TO THE
MEAN FOR MORE EXTREME VALUES SO
IN OTHER WORS WE WOULD EXEC THE
MORE RECENT BIRTH COHORTS TO
HAVE A WIDER RANGE OF SCORES
THAN WE FOUND HERE SO WE DON'T
THINK THERE'S A LOT OF EVIDENCE
OF SIGNAL PHASE BUT WE WERE
EXCITED THAT IT SHOWED AT LEAST
A PATTERN WE WERE EXPECTING.
WE LOOKED AT WHETHER THESE
SCORES WERE RELATED TO YOUR OWN
SMOKING SO HERE, THE RESULTS
SUGGEST THAD DNA METHYLATION
SCORES OF MATERNAL SMOKING WERE
RELATED TO THE PARTICIPANTS OWN
SMOKING AS AN ADULT.
THIS MAKES SENSE AND IT DIDN'T
MATTER HOW WE LOOKED AT SMOKING
WHETHER IT WAS EVER VERSUS
NEVER, OR CURRENT VERSUS EVER
AND DNA LOOKING AT PAST YEARS
THEY WERE ALL PRETTY STRONGLY
ASSOCIATED.
AND GENERALLY THIS FITS WITH THE
LITERATURE THAT SUGGESTS THERE'S
A SOCIALIZATION COMPONENT TO
SMOKING, SO WE WOULD EXPECT TO
SEE THIS.
BUT WITH WE WERE REALLY
INTERESTED IN IS WHETHER THIS --
THESE SCORES WORKED IN MODELS
PREDICTING LATER LIFE MORBIDITY
AND MORTALITY.
SO HERE, THE DNA METHYLATION
SIGNATURE OF MATERNAL SMOKE
SUGGEST UNIQUE AND INDEPENDENTLY
PREDICTS MORTALITY AND INCIDENT
CHRONIC DISEASE OVER AND ABOVE
YOUR OWN SMOKING.
BUT NOT IN THE DIRECTION WE
EXPECTED.
THE SCORE I SHOWED HERE IS IT
SHOWED A FAIRLY STRONG
CONSISTENT ASSOCIATION WITH
MORTALITY 4 YEARS LATE BUT IT
ULTIMATELY - ACTUALLY WAS THAT
THE HIGHER MATERNAL SMOKING
SCORE YOU HAD, THE LOWER CHANCE
YOU HAD FOR YOUR -- THE
PROBABILITY OF YOUR MORTALITY
AND INSTANT CHRONIC DISEASE.
AND THIS RELATIONSHIP HELD BY
AGE GROUP, BIRTH COHORT, SEX AND
RACE.
INTERESTINGLY, ADJUSTING FOR
YOUR OWN SMOKING BEHAVIORS, THE
PARTICIPANTS OWN SMOKING
BEHAVIOR, YIELDED A SIGNIFICANT
INCREASE IN THE ASSOCIATION OF
MATERNAL IN UTERO SMOKING AND
OUTCOMES, PROBABLY BECAUSE IT'S
SOME KIND OF STATISTICAL
SUPPRESSOR OF THE SMOKING
RELATIONSHIP AND SO THE FIGURE
ON THE RIGHT IS THE WITH
MORTALITY BUT LIKE I SAID, WE
FOUND A SIMILAR RELATIONSHIP FOR
CHRONIC DEC SO WE'RE STILL
TRYING TO WRAP OUR HEADS AROUND
THIS BUT AGAIN, THIS WAS A GOOD
EXAMPLE OF OUR ABILITY TO TAKE
SOMETHING THAT WE CAN'T ASK
ABOUT IN THE SURVEY, AND USE
METHYLATION DATA THAT'S BEEN
TRAINED IN OTHER SAMPLES TO HELP
US UNDERSTAND WHETHER SOMEONE
HAS BEEN EXPOSED TO THIS TYPE OF
THING IN THEIR LIFE.
SO WE CAN DO THIS FOR MATERNAL
SMOKING IN UTERO, WE CAN DO THIS
FOR AIR POLLUTION, WE CAN DO
THIS FOR EXTREME TEMPERATURES,
THERE ARE A LOT OF THINGS THAT
WE CAN USE METHYLATION DATA FOR
THAT GIVES US INFORMATION ABOUT
EXPOSURES THAT WE COULDN'T
ACTUALLY ASK PARTICIPANTS ABOUT
FOR THEMSELVES.
THE LAST THING I WANT TO TALK
ABOUT USES OUR DATA ON PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY AND HERE THIS PROJECT
WAS INTERESTING BECAUSE IT
REALLY TAKES ADVANTAGE OF THE
DATA WE HAVE CLICKED PRIOR TO
THE DNA MEASUREMENT IN 2016.
HERE WE WANT TO UNDERSTAND HOW
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS RELATED TO
EPIGENETIC AGING SO AGAIN
LOOKINGA THE CLOCKS.
AND WE WERE INTERESTED IN
DIFFERENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SO
HOW THAT CHANGED OVERTIME SO
HERE WE USE 12 YEARS OF DATA
FROM HRS THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
PRIOR TO THE MEASUREMENT OF
METHYLATION TO INVESTIGATE THIS
RELATIONSHIP.
AND WE USE 3 DIFFERENT AGE
ACCELERATION MEASURES, 3
DIFFERENT CLOCKS SO THE
PHENO-AGE, AND PACE, SO AND WE
APPLIED A STRUCTURED LIFE COURSE
MODELING APPROACH TO DO THIS AND
ESSENTIALLY ALL THIS IS AN
EFFICIENT WAY TO TEST A LOT OF
DIFFERENT MODELS OF THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY OVER TIME, AND OUR
OUTCOME OF INTEREST.
SO IN PARTICULAR, ARE THERE
SENSITIVE TIME PERIODS, SO IS
THE MOST RECENT MEASURE OF
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, MOST CLOSELY
SOCKED WITH OUR OUTCOME OF
METHYLATION OR IS IT 1 THAT
HAPPENED IN THE PAST OR THE
ACCUMULATION OF ALL OF THEM,
THIS IS WHAT WE'RE TESTING IN A
VERYENTIOUS -- VERY EFFICIENT
WAY AND TESTING AGAINST EACH
OTHER AND COMPARISONS AND ALL
THIS KIND OF STUFF.
BUT WE REALLY WANTED TO TAKE A
LIFE COURSE APPROACH HERE TO
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE
INFLUENCE OF SPECIFIC TIME
PERIODS OR SENSITIVE PERIODS AND
THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF
BEHAVIORS OVER TIME ON HEALTH
OUTCOMES.
SO I WILL SAY THE SLCMA APPROACH
JUST COMBINES VARIABLE SELECTION
PROCEDURE WITH A SELECTIVE
INFERENCE APPROACH.
SO AGAIN, SIMULTANEOUSLY TESTING
ALL THE DIFFERENT MODELS THAT
WE'RE INTERESTED IN, IT GIVES US
GREATER POWER TO DETECT THAT
ASSOCIATION PARTICULARLY WHEN WE
THINK THAT THAT UNDERLYING
RELATIONSHIP IS RELATED TO THE
TIMING OR CUMULATIVE AMOUNT OF
THE EXPOSURE, SO HERE THE
EXPOSURE IS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.
AND IT USES LEAST ANGLE OR LARS
VARIABLE SELECTION, TO PREDICT
THE VARIABLE THAT PLAINS THE
MOST VARIATION IN THE OUTCOME
AND THAT'S WE WILL LOOK AT.
SO WHAT'S PRODUCED IS WHAT'S
CALLED AN ELBOW PLOT ON THE
RIGHT HAND SIDE AND SHOWS THE
DIFFERENT PREDICTORS TO WHAT YOU
HAVE AND WHAT IS CONTRIBUTING TO
THE VARIANCE EXPLAIN INDEED YOUR
OUTCOME AND IT WILL USE
THATULARS PROCEDURE TO SELECT
THE ECPOSURE THAT IS THE MOST
RELATED TO YOUR OUTCOME SO WHAT
WE SAW HERE WAS REGARDLESS OF
WHAT CLOCK WE USED WE HAD THE
SAME PATTERN SO ACCUMULATION OF
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, MATTERED THE
MOST, IN TERMSOT EFFECT OF DNA
METHYLATION LATER AFTERPHYSICAL
ACTIVITY AND THE NEXT STRONGEST
RELATIONSHIP WAS PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY AT THE REPORTED AT THE
SAME TIME THAT WE COLLECTED THE
DNA METHYLATION DATA SO
ACCUMULATION FOLLOWED BY CURRENT
ACTIVITY OR THE STRONGEST
PREDICTERS OF EPIGENETIC AGING
REGARDLESS OF THE CLOCK WE USE
SO IT HIGHLIGHTS BOTH THE REF
VANCE OF LONG-TERM AND RECEIPT
ACTIVITY AND WE WERE REALLY
EXCITED ABOUT THIS RESUMMIT
BECAUSE IT ECHOES A LOST
EMERGING EVIDENCE FROM THE
PHYSICAL MEDICINE LITERATURE
SUGGESTING THAT THE SHORT BOUTS
OF ACUTE INDENSE TENSITY CAN
TRIGGER DISTINCT MOLECULAR
RESPONSES AND SKELETAL MUSCLE
ADAPTATION WITH LONG-TERM
BENEFITS AND THAT'S KIND OF WHAT
WE SEE HERE SO IT MATTERS WHAT
YOU'VE DONE OVER THE LONG-TERM
BUT IT ALSO MATTERS WHAT YOU
JUST DID SO THE ACTIVITY YOU'RE
ENGAGING IN NOW ALSO ILLICITS A
MOLECULAR CHANGE IN THE
SHORT-TERM, AND THAT'S EXCITING
FOR RESEARCHERS AND CLINICIANS
WHO THINK ABOUT BEHAVIORIAL
INTERVENTIONS SO YOU CAN CHANGE
WHAT'S GOING ON BY ENGAGING IN
VIGOROUS ACTIVITY NOW.
SO THAT IS KIND OF A WORLD WIND
TOUR OF THE TYPES OF THINGS THAT
WE HAVE BEEN WORKING ON WITH OUR
EPIGENETIC DATA, AGAIN,
INTEGRATING THINKING ABOUT
THINGS IN THE FUTURE AND THINGS
IN THE PAST.
BUT THIS IS THE TIP OF THE
ICEBERG, INCLUDING ALL THE DAILY
BASIS THEA I HAVE SHOWN YOU
TODAY THAT WE'VE USED FOR THE
PROGGENTS IS FREE AND AVAILABLE
TO THE PUBLIC, THE POWER OF THIS
STUDY IS THAT WE PUT IT IN THE
HANDS OF 10S OF THOUSANDS OF
RESEARCHERS EACH WITH OUR OWN
IDEA ANDS INGENUITY AND THEY
WILL COME UP WITH AND WHAT I'VE
SHOWN YOU TODAY SO THAT'S
EXCITING AND EVERYBODY HAS A
DIFFERENT AREA OF INTEREST AND
EXPERTISE AND BY MAKING THESE
DATA THAT WE WORK HARD TO
COLLECT AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE
REALLY JUST INCREASES THE
RESEARCH IMPACT OF THE WORK THAT
WE DO.
SO THIS GRAPH SHOWS YOU ALL THE
DIFFERENT ARTICLES AND REPORTS
AND DISSERTATIONS THAT HAVE BEEN
WRITTEN USING THE DAILY BASIS
THEA OF OVER 8000 OF THEM AND
REALLY THINGS JUST KEEP
INCREASING SO LASTIER WE HAD
38,000 DATA DOWNLOADS OF THE
VARIOUS PRODUCTS THAT WE PRODUCE
AND WE ALSO PARTICIPATE IN
COLLABORATIONS WITH OUR FAMILY
OF STUDIES ACROSS THE WORLD SO
CURRENTLY WE'RE IN 45 DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES AND COUNTING SOME HAVE
THE COGNITION STUDY, HCAP, SOME
HAVE ONLY HAVE 1 OR THE OTHER,
BUT ESSENTIALLY WE ALL WORK
TOGETHER TO INSURE THAT WHAT
WE'RE DOING IS HARMONIZED AND
VERY HIGH QUALITY AND AGAIN MADE
AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC FOR
RESEARCH USE.
THE NIA BIOMARKER IS WITH A LOT
OF COUNTRIES SO ASSISTING WITH
PLANNING AND PROTOCOLS TO INSURE
HARMONIZATION AND HIGH QUALITY
DATA AS BEST AS WE CAN.
AND TO MY KNOWLEDGE THIS WILL BE
THE LARGEST POPULATION
REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE WITH RNA
SEQUENCING DATA THAT HAVE BEEN
MADE AVAILABLE SO PEOPLE WHO ARE
INTERESTED IN MULTIOMICS TYPE OF
RESEARCH WILL HAVE GENOMIC
EPIGENETIC, AND RNA DAT TO USE
ALL ON THE SAME PEOPLE MEASURED
AT THE SAME TIME AND WE ARE
ADDING MORE MEASURES OF
NEURODEGENERATION AND PROTEOMIC
MEASURES RELATED TO NEUROLOGICAL
DISEASE TO THE SUITE OF WHAT
WE'RE PUTTING OUT WE SHOULD HAVE
THE DATA AFTER THIS TIME POINT,
SO AFTER THE 2016 DATA
COLLECTION I TALKED ABOUT TODAY
AND THAT WILL BE REALLY EXCITING
BECAUSE WE WILL GET A SENSE OF
HOW QUICKLY THINGS ARE
CHAIMPLING.
WE WILL BETTER BE ABLE TO LOOK
AT CAUSAL ANALYSIS AND LOOK AT
EVENTS THAT HAPPEN BETWEEN
ELECTIONS, COVID SITS IN THE
MIDDLE OF THIS.
FOR US SO THAT WILL BE BOTH
INTERESTING AND COMPLICATING BUT
HOPEFULLY WE WILL LEARN GREAT
THINGS BY HAVING LONGITUDINAL
DATA NOT JUST OF THE SOCIAL AND
BEHAVIORIAL DAT AWE ABOUT OF THE
BIOLAGEICAL DATA AS WELL.
AND WE ARE WORKING WITH THIS
DATA THAT ARE HARMONIZED AND
ESPECIALLY THESE OMICS PIPELINES
BECAUSE THEY CAN BE TRICKY IN
TERMS OF MAKING SURE THAT
QUALITY CONTROL AND THE
ASSUMPTIONS PEOPLE MAKE CREATING
THEIR ANALYTIC DATA SETS ARE ALL
DONE THE SAME WAY.
WITH WITH THAT I WANT TO SAY
THANK YOU, I HOPE THIS HAS GIVEN
YOU A FLAVOR OF THE WORK, AND IF
YOU HAVE IDEAS OR QUESTIONS
DON'T HESITATE TO REACH OUT TO
ME AND A QUICK THEY THINKS TO
OUR STAFF AND OUR PARTICIPANTS
AND OF COURSE OUR FUNDERS.
>> FANTASTIC TALK.
THANK YOU SO MUCH JESSICA.
WE CAN HOPE IT UP FOR QUESTIONS.
>> HAPPY TOO.
THIS IS MY FAVORITE PART.
QUESTIONS.
SUSAN START US OFF?
>> JESSICA THAT WAS REALLY
GREAT, ESPECIALLY FOR SOMEONE
WHO'S NOT A BASIC SCIENTIST TO
FOLLOW YOU, SO I APPRECIATE
THAT, I HAD A QUESTION ABOUT
EXERCISE SO YOU TALK ABOUT THE
ACCUMULATION OF EXERCISE, AND
RECENT EXERCISE, AND MAYBE IF
YOU COULD GIVE US A BIT MORE
INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT THEY WERE
DEFINING OR YOU WERE DEFINING AS
EXERCISE.
>> YEAH, I DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO
GO INTO IT BUT WE WERE JUST
LOOKING AT VIGOROUS AND MODERATE
EXERCISE.
SO IN THE HRS WE DON'T HAVE A
TON OF PEOPLE WHO ARE
PARTICIPATE NOTHING REGULAR
VIGOROUS EXERCISE SO WE MADE A
CUT POINT, I TO GO BACK AND LOOK
AT WHAT IT WAS BUT IT WAS
ENGAGING IN MODERATE EXERCISE,
MULTIPLE TIMES A WEEK OR
VIGOROUS EXERCISE AT LEAST ONCE,
SO WE WERE TRYING TO MAKE A
PRETTY -- NOT SUPER HIGH, BUT
KIND OF HIGH CUT POINT ON THIS
AND SO, IT'S MOSTLY MODERATE
TIMES PER WEEK AND VIGOROUS.
I WILL SAY THAT FOR MY POST DOC
IS NOW LOOKING AT YOU KNOW WHERE
DO WE DRAW THAT LINE?
DOES JUST WALKING SOME AND
BETWEEN WALKING AND BEING
PRIMARILY SEDENTARY DO WE SEE
THE SAME KIND OF RELATIONSHIP?
SO I THINK IT WILL BE
INTERESTING TO THINK ABOUT AND
WE CAN'T PF PF WE CAN'T PUT
THINGS IN A SLCA MODEL VERY
EASILY SO IT HAS TO BE A DICHOT
MOUSE MEASURE AND SO HOW DO WE
DRAW THE CUT POINT, WHAT DOES
THAT MEAN ABOUT RECOMMENDATIONS
PEOPLE ARE GIVEN ABOUT HOW MUCH
THEY SHOULD ENGAINL IN EXERCISE
AND WE'RE ALSO LIMITED A LITTLE
BIT IN HOW WELL WE CAN MEASURE
IT IN A SURVEY.
YOU KNOW IN AN E DEAL WORLD YOU
WOULD HAVE AN ACTIGER
DATABASERAPHY DEVICE AND YOU
WOULD HAVE EVERYONE ALL HOOKED
UP TO THAT KIND OF THING BUT
WE'RE WORKING WITH PEOPLE IN
KINESIOLOGY TO DO MORE OF THAT
TYPE OF THING, TO DO MORE
INTERVENTIONAL TYPE APPROACHES
WHERE WE'RE TAKING METHYLATION
DATA SORT OF BEFORE
INTERVENTION, HAVING THEM DO
LOTS OF THINGS FOR VARIOUS
AMOUNTS OF TIMES AND SEEING WHAT
KIND OF SUSTAINED OR REALLY HIGH
INTENSITY ACTIVITY IS NEEDED TO
ILLICIT A RESPONSE IN
METHYLATION, IT WILL HAVE BEEN
TO BE PRETTY HIGH.
>> ALL RIGHT, THANK YOU.
>> GOOD QUESTION.
>> FRANK.
>> JOHN HAS -- YOU'RE NUMBER 4,
I THOUGHT YOU HAD 4 HANDS RAISED
I WAS LIKE WHAT?
>> THANK YOU JESSICA, REALLY
AMAZING, COUPLE MORE BRIEF
QUESTIONS BECAUSE, YOU KNOW 1 IS
JUST MORE THE TECHNICAL AND MY
QUESTION IS MORE TIMING OF BLOOD
COLLECTION MIGHT BE IMPORTANT
AND HOW YOU'RE DEALING WITH
THAT, I MEAN, YOU CAN'T CHANGE
WHAT YOU ALREADY HAVE, BUT
MOVING FORWARD, HOW DO YOU DEAL
WITH THAT, LIKE TIME OF DAY, OR
YOU KNOW CONTEXT OF TIMING, YOU
KNOW COLLECTING THE SAMPLES TO
LOOK AT METHYLATION,.
>> OKAY, SO IN THERE ARE THERE 2
QUESTIONS.
SO TIME OF DAY, THERE HAVE BEEN
CONFLICTING REPORTS ABOUT THIS
BUT GENERALLY IN OUR STUDY WE
DON'T FIND MUCH OF AN EFFECTIVE
TIME OF DAY, OR OF SEASON.
AND REALLY WHAT'S GOING ON, I
THINK WHEN PEOPLE LOOK AT THIS,
ISENTIOUS SPECIALLY RELATED TO
SEASON, THERE'S A SEASONALITY TO
OUR DATA COLLECTION, TOO, THAT'S
COMPLETELY CONFOUNDED BY WHO
PARTICIPANTS FIRST AND WHO
PARTICIPATES LAST.
SO, THE PEOPLE WHO DO THE SURVEY
FIRST FOR US LARGELY IN THE
SUMMER MONTHS ARE USUALLY
HEALTHIER, THEY'RE MORE
COPRAATIVE, FOR SURE, BY THE
TIME WE GET TO THE WINTER MONTHS
WE'RE GETTING TO THE HARDER TO
REACH SAMPLE, THE LESS
COOPERATIVE, SO FOR US
SEASONALITY IS COMPLETELY
CONFOUND WIDE PARTICIPATION
CHARACTER IEOF THETICS IN
GENERAL, WE HAVE LIKE I SAID
LOOKED AT TIME OF DAY, AND WE
DON'T SEE ANY TIME OF DAY
EFFECTS ON METHYLATION THAT
CAN'T BE EXPLAINED BY SAMPLE
CHARACTERISTICS.
AND IF YOU THINK ABOUT
METHYLATION SHOULDN'T BE CHANGE
THAGOREAN MUCH IN TERMS OF TIME
OF DAY, THAT WOULD BE BAD FOR
OUR BODIES, SO WE DON'T WORRY
ABOUT THAT TOO MUCH.
WHAT WE DO WORRY ABOUT IS THE
INTEGRITY OF THE SAMPLE IN
SHIPPING.
YOU KNOW SO, SO WE DID AN
ANNOYING AND EXHAUSTIVE TYPE OF
TESTS PRIOR TO THIS MEASUREMENT
TO INSURE THAT SAMPLES, YOU KNOW
WHETHER THEY WERE TEMPERATURE
CONTROLLED AS WELL AS THEY
SHOULD HAVE BEEN OR SAMPLES THAT
DIDN'T SHOW UP WITHIN THE 24-48
HOUR WIND O, HOW STABLE IS
METHYLATION IN THE TYPE OF
COLLECTION PROCEDURES WE HAVE TO
DO AND DEAL WITH WHEN WE'RE
COLLECTING ALL OVER THE COUNTRY
AND IN FACT METHYLATION IS QUITE
ROBUST TO PRETTY MUCH ANYTHING
WE CAN THROW AT IT SO IN OUR
EXPERIMENTS WE ACTUALLY WENT OUT
AS LONG AS 30 DAYS AND BLOOD
SAMPLES THAT ARE NOT
REFRIGERATED AND METHYLATION IS
STILL AS A SAMPLE WE ANALYZED
IMMEDIATELY.
SO FORTUNATELY THIS IS NOT 1 OF
THE BIOMARKERS WHERE WE WORRY
ABOUT COLLECTION HAVING IMPACT
ON OUR ABILITY TO GET A VALID
ASSAY RESULT.
IT'S LIKE 1 OF THE FEW.
>> THANK YOU.
AND THEN JUST A BIT MORE ABOUT
HOW YOU THINK ABOUT CAUSALITY,
YOU MENTIONED THE MEDIATION
ANALYSIS AND I IMAGINATION IN
SOME CONTEXT, THE METHYLATIONS'
AN IMPORTANT PATTERN THAT
REVEALS THE ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS ET CETERA, BUT TO WHAT
EXTENT ARE THESE CHANGES IN
METHYLATION AND PERHAPS
THEREFORE GENE EXPRESSION PART
OF A CAUSALITY OF AGE RELEVANT
END POINTS.
>> YEAH, TO BE HONEST, I DON'T
THINK WE KNOW FULLY AND THAT'S
WHAT'S EXCITING ABOUT THIS, I
WON'T INTO THIS THINKING THAT OH
METHYLATION IS PART OF THE
MECHANISM AND IF WE CAN
INTERVENE ON THIS MECHANISM, WE
CAN CHANGE EVERYTHING.
I'M LESS CONVINCED OF THAT NOW
ALTHOUGH I STILL THINK IT'S PART
OF IT, I THINK METHYLATION IS AN
EXTRAORDINARY BIOMARKER, IT'S AN
EXTRAORDINARY BIOMARKER OF
UNDERLYING DISEASE PROCESSES SO
IN THAT WAY, MAYBE IT'S PART OF
THE MECHANISM, BUT IT'S
DEFINITELY AN EXTRAORDINARY
BIOMARKER OF EXPOSURES, I THINK
IT'S GOING TO TAKE SOME WORK TO
FIGURE OUT WHERE IS IT IN THE
MECHANISM OF THINGS, AND IT'S
GOING TO TAKE RNA DATA ON TOP OF
IT TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW THE
COMPLETE MECHANISM OF GENE
EXPRESSION, THAT'S WHY THE
LONGITUDINAL DAT ON THE
BEHAVIORIAL AND EXPOSURE SIDE
AND ON THE BIOLOGICAL SIDE ARE
SO IMPORTANT.
WE WILL NEVER BE AN ANIMAL MODEL
WE CAN'T DO THAT BUT THIS IS
WHERE KIND OF THAT BASIC BENCH
SCIENCE AND ANIMAL MODELS AND
YOU KNOW THESE KIND OF DATA FROM
POPULATION STUDIES REALLY CAN
START TO COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER.
I THINK IT'S GOING TO TAKE BOTH
IT FIGURE IT OUT TO BE HONEST.
>> YEAH, THANK YOU.
I AM GLAD TO SEE YOU WILL BE
HEADING TO INTEGRATION WITH
PROTEOMICS.
>> NANCY?
>> GREAT PRESENTATION, I'LL NOT
EVEN A SCIENTIST SO I COULD
UNDERSTAND SOME OF IT.
I HAVE KIND OF A LARGER ISSUE
QUESTION, IESM AHEAD OF THE
AMERICAN GERIATRICKIZATIONIATIC
SOCIETY AND IT'S REALLY AROUND
THE INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS
BECAUSE THEY SEE A REAL
IMPORTANCE IN US BEING ABLE TO
DO THAT, US CONTINUING TO DO
THAT AND YOU KNOW, IF YOU COULD
JUST GIVE US THE LAY OF THE LAND
ON HOW THOSE COLLABORATIONS
WORK, HOW THEY'RE FUNDED, THIS
CERTAINLY TURN IT OVER TO JOHN
TO HELP WITH THAT, IF YOU WANT
TO, BUT THE MAIN POINT IF YOU
COULD GIVE US A SENSE OF REALLY
OF WHY THAT'S CRITICALLY
IMPORTANT TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF
THE SCIENCE THAT WE HAVE THESE
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS, I
THINK THAT WOULD BE REALLY
HELPFUL FOR ME, OUR MEMBERS AND
THE OLDER ADULTS THAT WE SERVE.
>> YEAH, DEFINITELY.
I WILL SAY SAY A STATEMENT AND
THEN I WILL LOOK AT JOHN'S FACE
AND SEE IF I SAID IT RIGHT OR
NOT.
I THINK THE NIA PLAYS A CRUCIAL
ROLE IN A LOT OF THE STUDIES I
TALKED ABOUT ON THAT MAP WHICH
ARE OUR HRS INTERNATIONAL FAMILY
OF STUDIES, OFTEN PROVIDING THE
SEED MONEY TO GET STARTED, WE
USUALLY OFTEN REQUIRE THAT THERE
IS A LOCAL COLLABORATOR SO THERE
HAS TO BE BUY IN FROM THE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT, FROM LOCAL
INSTITUTIONS, BOTH TO MAKE IT
SUCCESSFUL BUT ALSO TO SHOW
THERE'S SUSTAINED FUNDING FOR IT
GOING FORWARD SO THAT'S NOT
ALWAYS COMING FROM THE NIA, SO I
REALLY THINK ABOUT THE NIA
FUNDING AS A KICK STARTER, VERY
IMPORTANT CRUCIAL KICK STARTER
BECAUSE IT ALLOWS THEM TO
DEVELOP FROM DAY 1, USING MODELS
THAT WE THINK HAVE THE BEST
SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY.
SO YOU KNOW POPULATION
REPRESENTATION IS SUPER
IMPORTANT TO US, THIS CAN'T JUST
BE A RANDOM SAMPLE OF -- IT
CAN'T BE A NONRANDOM SAMPLE OF
PEOPLE THAT ARE EASY TO GET.
LIKE WE REALLY WANT TO REFLECT
THE POPULATIONS OF THESE
COUNTRIES DATA ACCESS AND DAT
SHARE SUGGEST ANOTHER HALLMARK
OF THESE STUDIES, AGAIN REALLY
IMPORTANT PRINCIPLE THAT'S
REQUIRED TO BE PART OF THIS
FAMILY, BUT THEN, YOU KNOW THE
MONEY FROM THE NIA FOR VARIOUS
NETWORKS, AGAIN, HELPS ALL OF
THAT HAPPEN, IN A VALID AND
RELIABLE EFFICIENT AND ORGANIZED
AND COLLABORATIVE WAY.
SO WE SHARE ALL OF OUR EXPERTISE
WHETHER IT BE ON THE SURVEY
SIDE, THE BIOLOGICAL DATA
COLLECTION SIDE, LIKE NO SENSE
IN REINVENTING THE WHEEL, LIKE
WE'VE DONE THIS AND DONE IT IN A
LOT OF DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
AND UNDER DIFFERENT CONTEXT AND
WE CAN HELP, LIKE WE CAN HELP
SHARE WHAT WE KNOW, WHAT WORKS,
WHAT DOESN'T WORK, AND WORK WITH
OUR COLLABORATORS AND THE LOCAL
PARTNERS TO FIGURE OUT WHAT'S
GOING TO WORK IN THE CONTEXT.
WHAT OTHER QUESTIONS YOU WANT TO
ASK, HOW BEST DO WE GO AFTER
THAT AND I'M THINKING AGAIN
LARNLLYOT BIOLOGICAL SIDE HERE.
NOT EVERYBODY'S INTERESTED IN
THE SAME MARKERS THAT WE ARE,
SOMETIMES VERY DIFFERENT THINGS
THAT AFFECT THE POPULATION AND
WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO COLLECT
SAMPLES THAT ALLOWS US TO ANSWER
THOSE QUESTIONS.
BUT TO GET TO YOUR OTHER POINT
ABOUT WHY DOES THIS MATTER, IT
MATTERS YOU KNOW FOR CROSS
NATIONAL RESEARCH BECAUSE I WILL
GIVE YOU 2 EXAMPLES, 1, YOU KNOW
WE HAVE A COLLABORATION RIGHT
NOW WITH OUR FAMILY SISTER STUDY
IN IRE LABD AND IN NORTHERN
IRELAND.
HERE WE HAVE 3 WAY COMPARISON.
WE ALL HAVE METHYLATION DATA WE
ALL HAVE THE SAME SURVEY
INSTRUMENT BUT EVERYONE'S A BIT
DIFFERENT AND IN IRELAND AND
NORTHERN IRELAND WE HAVE VERY
DIFFERENT SOCIAL CONTEXTS, WE
HAVE VERY DIFFERENT SES
STRUCTURE IN SOME WAYS IN
EMERGING ITS OF WHAT'S
IMPORTANT, YOU KNOW IS IT MONEY,
IS IT A PROFESSION, BUT THEN IN
NORTHERN IRELAND WE HAVE A VERY
UNIQUE EXPERIENCE OF THE
TROUBLES, SO PEOPLE WERE EXPOSED
TO VERY DIFFERENT TYPES OF
TRAUMA THAN THEY WERE IN THE
REPUBLIC AND WERE IN THE U.S.
AND THAT GIVES US A REALLY
IMPORTANT INSIGHT INTO THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND
EARLY LIFE EXPOSURES AND
METHYLATION THAT WE COULDN'T DO
IN THE U.S. BUT WE CAN COMPARE
IF ON A LOT OF THINGS AND WE CAN
USE THAT AGAIN SO LIKE THESE
METHYLATION SURROGATES SO WE CAN
USE -- ACTUALLY WE USED GPS TO
LOCATE WHERE PEOPLE WERE WHEN
SIGNIFICANT THINGS HAPPEN INDEED
NORTHERN IESH LAND AND ALSO THE
SELF-REPORT OF THE TYPE OF
EXPOSURES THEY HAD AND THE
TRAUMA THAT I HAD TO CREATE AND
CREATE METHYLATION SURROGATES OF
THOSE EBS POSURE ANDS WE CAN
LOOK FOR THAT IN THE U.S.
POPULATION.
AGAIN, IT'S NONAPOPTOTIC OF-WE
MAYBE DON'T KNOW HOW TO ASK THE
QUESTION THE RIGHT WAY BUT
PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT LIFE
EXPERIENCES AND SO THIS KIND OF
COLLABORATION IT'S NOT
NECESSARILY A DIRECT COMPARISON
BUT IT ALLOWS US TO THINK ABOUT
DIFFERENT SOCIAL CONTEXTS AND
THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT, ANOTHER
EXAMPLE IN THAT STUDY IS RELATED
TO HEALTHCARE, VERY DIFFERENT
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN IRELAND AND
NORTHERN IRELAND THAN WE HAVE IN
THE U.S. SO AGAIN WE'RE
LEVERAGING SIMILARITIES AND
DIFFERENCES TO THINK ABOUT CROSS
NATIONAL COMPARISONS.
THE OTHER 1 I WILL POINT OUT IN
OUR STUDY IN INDIA IS THE HRS
LIKE STUDY IN INDIA AND THEY
HAVE EXTRAORDINARY BIOLAGEICAL
MEASURE AMS INCLUDING
METHYLATION THAT WILL COME ON
BOARD SOON BUT A VERY DIFFERENT
SOCIAL CONTEXT, VERY DIFFERENT
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT.
TYPESET HADS US TO UNDERSTAND
THINGS LIKE AIR POLLUTION, WHEN
WE HAVE EXPOSURES, THAT ARE
WILDLY DIFFERENT AND IN
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, BUT AGAIN
LAYERED ON DIFFERENT SOCIAL
CONTEXT, DIFFERENT INFECTIOUS
DISEASE, EXPOSURES, TO KIND OF
INTEREST, YOU KNOW PARTS OF THIS
IN GETTING BACK TO FRANK'S
QUESTION ABOUT MECHANISMS, LIKE
WHAT PARTS OF THIS ARE
MECHANISMS AND WE CAN REALLY
ONLY BECAUSE WE CAN'T
EXPERIMENTALLY ASSIGN PEOPLE
DIFFERENT EXPOSURES AS HUMANS,
HAVING THESE DIFFERENT CONTEXTS
AND THESE DIFFERENT EXPOSURES
ALLOWS US TO LEVERAGE THOSE
DIFFERENCES TO BETTER UNDERSTAND
WHAT'S GOING ON.
NDID I SAY ANYTHING TOTALLY
WRONG ABOUT THE FUNDING?
>> I SAW A LOT OF HEAD NODDING
FROM JOHN.
>> THAT WAS GREAT.
I FEEL LIKE YOU HAVE A
PROFESSION IN PROGRAM IF YOU
DECIDE TO LEAVE MICHIGAN.
>> I'VE HUNG OUT WITH YOU A LOT
JOHN, WHAT CAN I SAY.
>> JESSICA THAT WAS A TERRIFIC
ANSWER AND I THINK MY SORT OF 2
KEY TAKE AWAYS ARE 1 THE NIA
INVESTMENTS LEVERAGE INVESTMENTS
FROM OTHER COUNTRIES IN
COLLECTION OF THIS DATA AND
THESE BIOMARKERS SO IT'S REALLY
-- IT'S A PARTNERSHIP, NOT A
UNITED STATES FUNDING,
EVERYTHING, AND THEN THE SECOND
TAKE AWAY IS THAT THAT REBOUNDS
TO THE BENEFIT OF U.S. CITIZENS
BECAUSE IT HELPS US TO ADVANCE
THE SCIENCE QUICKER THAN WE
MIGHT BE ABLE TO ADVANCE IT IF
WE WERE LIMITING OURSELVES TO
STUDIES AND DATA COLLECTION
WITHIN U.S. POPULATIONS AND I
THINK THE OTHER THING THAT
YOU'VE SAID IS AROUND THE -- YOU
KNOW YOU KIND OF QUIPPED, WE MAY
NOT ALWAYS KNOW THE RIGHT
QUESTIONS BUT I THINK THIS KIND
OF AGAIN CROSS NATIONAL
COLLABORATION, HELPS US TO
FIGURE OUT THE RIGHT QUESTIONS
AND I THINK AS THE LAY PERSON,
THAT'S A LOT OF WHAT SCIENCE IS
ABOUT, IT'S A TRIAL AND ERROR TO
GET TO THE RIGHT QUESTION, SO,
DEFINITELY REALLY APPRECIATE
THIS WORK AND THE NIA'S LONG
STANDING SUPPORT OF IT.
EVEN IF I DON'T UNDERSTAND SOME
OF THE WORDS.
>> THANK YOU NANCY, THAT WAS A
MUCH MORE ELOQUENT AND SUCCINCT
WAY OF SAYING WHAT I WAS TRYING
TO SAY.
SO THANK YOU.
>> WELL, I NEEDED EVERYTHING FOR
YOU SAID TO ME FOR THAT.
>> WE'RE A GOOD TEAM.
WE'RE A GOOD TEAM.
>> YEAH, WE'RE A GOOD TEAM AND
THE FACT THAT YOU CHOSE IRELAND
REALLY RESONATED WITH ME SINCE
THAT'S THE MAJORITY OF MY ROOTS.
I WAS LIKE GHEE, WE LEARNED MORE
ABOUT ME FROM THIS.
NEXCELLENT.
SANJAJ.
>> YEAH, THANK YOU.
JESSICA FIRST AND FOREMOST,
THANK YOU THAT WAS A AN
IMPRESSIVE PRESENTATION AND
REALLY YOU UNDERSCORED HOW
IMPORTANT IT IS FOR US TO STUDY
THE SOCIOLOGICAL BIOLOGICAL
BASIS OF COMMON AGING ASSOCIATED
DISEASES INCLUDING DEMENTIA AND
HEART DISEASE AND SO ON.
I AM SURE YOU ARE AWARE OF THE
WISCONSIN LONGITUDINAL STUDY
HERE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
WISCONSIN AND FUNDED BY NIA
SINCE 1999 ACTUALLY AND THIS
STUDY INCLUDED 10,000 HIGH
SCHOOL GRADUATES OF WISCONSIN OF
1957, SO THEY'VE BEEN FOLLOWED
FOR NEARLY 70 YEARS AND THAT
LONGITUDINAL DATA IS REALLY
UNIQUE.
IT'S JUST LIKE A AN HRS.
SO I'M GETTING TO MY QUESTION
VERY SOON, SO 10 YEARS AGO, NIA
GAVE US FUNDS TO ESTABLISH A
DEMENTIA DIAGNOSIS ON THAT
COHORT, ABOUT 5000 PEOPLE ARE
ALIVE AND ACTIVE IN THIS STUDY
AND THEN LAST YEAR WE GOT SOME
FUNDS TO MEASURE BLOOD BASED
BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMERS AND
OTHER DISEASES, AND WE ARE DOING
THAT THROUGH HOME BASED BLOOD
COLLECTION, IN FACT THESE PEOPLE
LIVE THROUGHOUT THE UNITED
STATES AND YOU KNOW YOU PROBABLY
USE THEM AS WELL, THE VENDOR GO
ACROSS THE COUNTRY ASK COLLECT
BLOOD AND PROCESS AND ALL THOSE
THINGS.
SO 1 OF THE THINGS YOU
HIGHLIGHTED IS YOU ARE GOING TO
COLLECT SOME NEW MEASURES OF
NEURODEGENERATION IN YOUR COHORT
WHICH IS ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL.
LET ME ASK YOU, I WOULD LOVE TO
HEAR YOUR VIEW HERE SO WE HAVE
BEEN TALKING ABOUT -- THINKING
ABOUT BRAIN DONATION AND BRAIN
AUTOPSIES ON THESE COHORTS.
AND WE REALLY JUST STARTED
THINKING ABOUT IT AND I'M PRETTY
SERIOUS THAT WE NEED TO GO THAT
WAY AND I WONDER IF IN HRS YOU
HAVE THOUGHT ABOUT OR YOU HAVE
STARTED THE PROCESS OF AUTOPSY
CONSENT FROM YOUR PARTICIPANTS
EVENTUALLY TOWARD GETTING A
BRAIN AUTOPSY.
>> WE HAVE DEFINITELY THOUGHT
ABOUT IT.
THE LOGISTICS OF HOW TO DO IT
WITH WE'RE SPREAD OUT ACROSS THE
ENTIRE COUNTRY ARE NOT SO
DAUNTING THAT WE WOULDN'T GO
THERE BUT DEFINITELY ARE GIVING
US PAUSE.
SO 1 OF THE ADVANTAGE OF THE
STUDIES OF WLS OR THE RUSH
MISDEMEANORRY STUDY, OF PEOPLE,
I KNOW IN WLS PEOPLE HAVE MOVED
SOMEWHAT BUT THERE'S STILL A
CONCENTRATED GROUP OF PEOPLE IN
WISCONSIN.
SO YOU KNOW WHEN YOU HAVE A MORE
LOCALIZED DATA COLLECTION, CAN
YOU GET AWAY WITH MUCH MORE FUN
THINGS THAN YOU CAN DO WHEN
YOU'RE SPREAD ACROSS THE U.S.,
BUT I HAVE BEEN THINKING, MUCH
ALONG THE LINES OF THE -- IN THE
WAY WE WERE THINKING ABOUT DOING
BRAIN IMAGING, IS YOU KNOW MAYBE
WE DON'T HAVE TO GET EVERYBODY,
MAYBE IT'S ABOUT HAVING SOME
LOCALIZED CENTERS THAT WE WOULD
PARTNER WITH IN ORDER TO DO
THIS, SO IT IS DEFINITELY ON OUR
MINDS, BUT WE HAVE NOT YET
STARTED TO CONSENT FOR IT.
>> SO 1 OTHER THING THAT WE
DISCUSSED IS ARE GOING TO LOOK
INTO DETAIL, YOU THE ADRCs ARE
SPREAD OUT ALL OVER COUNTRIES,
THEY HAVE LARGE CORE AND THEY DO
AUTOPSIES AND PERHAPS WE COULD
COLLABORATE WITH ADRCs AND
DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY
AND GET, YOU KNOW
STATE-OF-THE-ART FACIAL
CONNECTION AND PROCESSING AND
ALL THAT KIND OF --
>> YEAH, WE PARTNERED WITH THEM
FOR A BRIEF MOMENT BEFORE THE
PANDEMIC WHEN WE STARTED TO DO
BRAIN IMAGING, AGAIN, TAKING
ADVANTAGE OF THE EXPERTISE THAT
WAS DISTRIBUTED ACROSS THE U.S.
AND TO SOME EXTENT I THINK THIS
WOULD BE EASIER.
YOU DON'T HAVE TO CONVINCE
SOMEONE TO COME IN FOR A WHOLE
DAY TO DO A BRAIN SCAN.
SO YES, I THINK THAT'S EXACTLY
THE WAY WE WOULD THINK ABOUT
GOING, IS PARTNERING WITH THE
ADRCS AND WHEN WE GET A BIT
FARTHER DOWN THIS PATH, IF YOU
DON'T MIND I MIGHT REACH OUT TO
YOU AND FIND OUT WHERE YOUR
THINKING IS WITH THIS AND I TALK
TO PEOPLE FROM WLS AND PAM HERD
ALL THE TIME SO WE WILL
DEFINITELY KEEP IN TOUCH.
AGAIN, THIS IS THE BENEFIT TO
HAVING THE BIOMARKER NETWORK
BECAUSE WE ALL TOWK TO EACH
RPGHT, WE SHARE EXPERTISE AND WE
GIVE EACH OTHER ADVISE ON THESE
PROTOCOLS, I'M ALWAYS KIND OF
JEALOUS OF WLS AND THE
MICROBIOCOLLECTION AND I THINK
IT WOULD BE HARDER ON A SCALE
WE'RE TALKING ABOUT BUT YEAH,
DEFINITELY A SEED THAT HAS BEEN
PLANTED IN OUR HEADS ABOUT THE
FUTURE.
>> VERY MUCH SO I WONDER IF AT
THE NIA LEVEL, PROGRAM LEVEL
THERE COULD BE DISCUSSION
BETWEEN BSR AND DIVISION OF
NEUROSCIENCE TO SEE HOW ADRCs
COULD BE BROUGHT IN TO COLLECT
THAT PROCESS, BRAIN TISSUE AND
ALSO BIOMARKER MEASURE WANTS
OTHERS MOST OF THE ADRCs ARE
SOPHISTICATED BIOMARKER LABS AND
THEY COULD MEASURE A LOT OF
BIOMARKERS AS WELL, INCLUDING
YOUR DRIED BLOOD SPOT, I SAW YOU
ARE CLICKING THOSE.
>> YEAH, SO WE HAVE BEEN DOING
PILOT WORK TO LOOK AT 1 OF THESE
NEW O DEGENERATIVE MARKERS OR
VIABLE BLOOD SPOTS WE CAN DO NFL
AND GFAC PRETTY WELL AND SOME
OTHER ARE ELUSIVE BUT WE'RE
WORKING ON THAT BUT FIRST THE
BLOOD SPOTS ARE THE FIRST DATA
COLLECTION AN INTERNATIONAL
STUDY WILL TRY BECAUSE THEY'RE
MUCH MORE STABLE FOR SHIPPING
AND SO THERE'S DEFINITELY STILL
AN INTEREST IN DEVELOPING ASSAYS
FROM DRY BLOOD SPOTS BUT YEAH,
YOUR POINT IS WELL TAKEN.
THE THING WE REALLY WANT IS
BRAIN TISSUE AND OBVIOUSLY WE
CAN'T TAKE THAT FROM
PARTICIPANTS.
>> YEAH, THANK YOU.
>> YEAH, GREAT, THANKS.
>> JOHN?
>> YEAH, JESSICA THANKS FOR
GREAT TALK AND AND GREAT Q & A
SESSION AND GREAT PROGRAM WORK
TALKING ABOUT OUR INTERNATIONAL
PROGRAM AS WELL AS SOME OF OUR
INTERNATIONAL STUDIES.
IN LIGHT OF SOME OF THE
QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS THAT COME
UP EARLIER IN THE MEETING AS
WELL AS SOME THAT COME DURING
THE Q&A, I WAS WONDERING IF YOU
CAN ELABORATE ON THE TYPE OF
RESEARCH YOU'RE DISCUSS NOTHING
A STUDY OF THE DESIGN OF THE
HRS?
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO DO THAT
WAY VERSUS OTHER WAYS?
>> I MEAN, THE THING THAT ALWAYS
COMES TO MIND REALLY IS THE
POPULATION REPRESENTATIVENESS.
YOU KNOW WE WORK REALLY HARD FOR
THAT AND I THINK THAT'S
IMPORTANT SO EVEN LIKE SANYAY
WAS TALKING ABOUT, THESE BLOOD
BASED BIOMARKERS OF
NEURODEGENERATION, A LOT OF
DEVELOPMENT WORK IS DONE IN
CLINICAL SASMYS, IS DONE IN
CASES WHERE THEY HAVE KNOWN
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE OR WHAT HAVE
YOU, BUT PART OF THAT SEQUENCE
OF UNDERSTANDING, YOU KNOW, WHAT
DOES THIS TELL US IN THE REAL
WORLD IN YOU HAVE TO INSERT A
STUDY LIKE THE HRS TO SAY WHAT
DID THIS MEASURE LOOK LIKE IN A
REPRESENTATIVE POPULATION?
WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE IN
DIFFERENT DEMOGRAPHIC OR SES
SUBGROUPS IN HOW IS IT RELATED
TO OTHER THINGS WE KNOW ABOUT
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE, THE
GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION OF WHERE
PEOPLE LIVE?
SOMETIMES THESE BIOMARKERS DON'T
LOOK THE SAME AND HAVE THE SAME
RELATIONSHIPS SO WE'RE PART OF
WHAT I THINK OF AS THE DISCOVERY
PIPELINE, SO YOU KNOW WE NEVER
-- WE DON'T USUALLY ADOPT A
BIOMARKER UNTIL IT'S PRETTY WELL
VALIDATED, IT'S WELL MEASURED,
IT'S RELIABLE, AND WE SEE
OURSELVES AS REALLY PROVIDING
THAT IMPORTANT BRIDGE BETWEEN
KIND OF CLINICAL SAMPLE BASE
DISCOVERY WORK AND ACTUALLY
APPLICATION TO THE POPULATION.
SO IF YOU DON'T HAVE THAT, YOU
ARE OFTEN GOING IN A LITTLE
BLIND AND YOU'RE MAKING
DECISIONS ABOUT CUT POINTS AND
RELATIONSHIPS THAT MAY NOT PAN
OUT WHEN YOU GOET TO -- GET TO
THE REAL WORLD.
SO WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT APPLYING
ASSAYS AS SCREENING TASKS ON
PEOPLE, OR YOU KNOW JUST THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOU KNOW WE
WILL TAKE APOE AS AN EXAMPLE OF
BIOMARKER OF RISK FOR
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, THAT LOOKS
DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT
POPULATIONS, AND YOU KNOW, IF
YOU DON'T HAVE A STUDY LIKE HRS,
YOU MIGHT NOT KNOW, SO YOU MIGHT
NOT KNOW THAT TYPE OF THING.
BECAUSE AGAIN, YOU KNOW EVERYONE
ALWAYS THINKS THAT WHEN I COME
GIVE A TALK, I WILL TALK ABOUT
HOW BIOLOGY IS THE GREATEST
THING SINCE SLICED BREAD, AND I
THINK IT IS, IT'S REALLY
INTERESTING.
BUT THE THING I ALWAYS COME BACK
TO IS THE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORIAL
AND CONTEXTURAL WORLD MATTERS,
IT MATTERS FOR GENETICS, WHETHER
WE SEE A POLYGENIC RISK STORE
PREDICT IN A CERTAIN POPULATION,
IT MATTERS A LOT WHERE THAT
POPULATION IS, WHAT THEIR SOCIAL
FACTORS ARE, YOU KNOW WHETHER
YOU CAN SEE THAT GENETIC
RELATIONSHIP WITH AN OUTCOME.
SO YOU KNOW OFTEN TIMES, THE END
OF MY SLIDES IS ALWAYS THE
SOCIAL FACTORS MATTER, THEY
MATTER A LOT.
WE HAVE NOT GOTTEN TO A PLACE
WHERE BIOLOGY EXPLAINS
EVERYTHING.
SO THE BREDTH AND -- I WILL SAY
BREDTH AND LONGITUDINAL NATURE
OF THE HRS DATA REALLY GIVE US
SO MUCH INFORMATION AGAIN ON
THAT SOCIAL BEHAVIORIAL CONTEXT
AND THAT YOU CAN'T REPLACE.
IT'S MUCH EASIER TO ADD BIOLOGY
TO A STUDY LIKE THAT THAN IT IS
TO ADD 20, 30 YEARS OF SOCIAL
AND BEHAVIORIAL DATA TO A
BIOLOGICAL STUDY.
>> GREAT.
ALL RIGHT.
THANK YOU SO MUCH JESSICA.
>> YOU'RE VERY WELCOME.
>> REALLY FANTASTIC AND THANK
YOU FOR ANSWERING ALL OF OUR
QUESTIONS TODAY, I'M SURE WE ALL
PROBABLY HAVE ANOTHER HALF DOZEN
IN THE CUE.
>> BUT YOU HAVE OTHER THINGS ON
YOUR AGENDA.
>> EXACTLY.
SO WE GREATLY APPRECIATE YOU
TAKING YOUR TIME OUT AND GIVING
THIS TALK FOR US TODAY.
>> VERY MUCH MY PLEASURE.
THANKS EVERYONE.
BYE.
>> THANK YOU.
SO AT THIS POINT, I KNOW
EVERYBODY'S PROBABLY DYING FOR A
BREAK.
SO WE'RE GOING TO TAKE A 15
MINUTE BREAK, IT IS 12:15 OUR
TIME, WE WILL GO TO 12:30 AND
THEN WE WILL HAVE OUR FINAL
SPEAKER WHICH IS SEAN MOONEY
FROM THE NIH, SO LET'S BE BACK,
YOU CAN JUST AGAIN SIGN OFF FOR
NOW AND JUST YOU KNOW SHUT YOUR
CAMERAS AND SPEAKERS OFF AND WE
WILL JOIN AGAIN IN 15 MINUTES.
THANK YOU.
>> WELCOME, BACK, EVERYONE I
WILL TURN THIS OVER.
>> IT'S OUR GREAT PLEASURE TO
INTRODUCE OUR NEXT SPEAKER SEAN
MOONY WHO JOINED NIH LAST YEAR
IN THE CENTER OF TECHNOLOGY.
SEAN CAME FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF
WASHINGTON. WHERE HE HAD A
SIMILAR LEADERSHIP ROLE IN THE
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. AND
AMONG HIS RESPONSIBILITIES WERE
THOSE THAT INVOLVED THE NATIONAL
ALZHEIMER'S COORDINATING CENTER
SO HE'S BEEN A PART OF THAT
ASPECT BEFORE THAT HE WAS IN
ANOTHER LEADERSHIP ROLE FOR
RESEARCH ON AGING. NOW ALL THIS
FOLLOWING HIS UNDERGRADUATE
DEGREES THERE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
AND BIOCHEMISTRY AND IN
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AS WELL
SO HE HAS A LONG HISTORY AS A
LEADER IN FIELDS OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION AS
WELL AS SOME VERY IMPORTANT
CONTACTS I THINK WITH SOME OF
THE SUBSTANTIVE RESEARCH AREAS
THAT NIA HAS FOCUSED UPON. NOW
AT NIA, OR NIH RATHER HE HAS THE
RESPONSIBILITY OVER A HUGE AND
DYNAMIC AREA OF RESEARCH LOOKING
AT THE WAY IN WHICH DATA
COMPUTATION INTERACTION AND
ANALYSIS CAN BE USED TO SUPPORT
THE WHOLE BIOLOGICAL BIOMEDICAL
ENTERPRISE, SEAN IT'S A GREAT
PLEASURE AND HONOR TO HEAR FROM
YOU ABOUT YOUR VIEWS ON ENABLING
ACCESS AND TECHNOLOGIES.
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THE
KIND WORDS AND INTRODUCTION,
THIS IS A HUGE HONOR, I'VE BEEN
AS YOU MENTIONED, AN NIA FUNDED
RESEARCH WHEN I WAS IN THE
EXTRAMURAL WORLD FOR 20 PLUS
YEARS. IT DOESN'T FEEL LIKE
IT'S BEEN THAT LONG BUT I
STARTED AS AN ASSISTANT
PROFESSOR AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY
AND WORKED FOR CLOSELY WITH
TATIANA'S GROUP WHO WAS FUNDED
BY THE NIA FOR THE NATIONAL CELL
REPOSITORY FOR ALZHEIMER'S
DISEASE AND THEN WAS AT THE BUCK
INSTITUTE WORKING ON CLINICAL
RESEARCH PROJECTS. AND THEN AT
THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
WORKING WITH NAC AND SO IT'S
VERY MUCH A PLEASURE TO BE HERE.
I STILL ACTUALLY HAVE A RESEARCH
LAB BUT I'M NOT GOING TO TALK
TOO MUCH ABOUT MY RESEARCH. I'M
GOING TO TALK TODAY ABOUT
COMPUTING HOW THE NIH DOES
COMPUTING, HOW NIH SEES THE
FUTURE OF COMPUTING AND WHAT THE
CHALLENGES ARE IN TERMS OF WHAT
WE'RE DOING SO I WILL KIND OF
START WITH THE BROAD PICTURE AND
START ABOUT THE DATA
INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CLOUD AND
I WILL HOPEFULLY, YOU KNOW, TALK
A LITTLE BIT ABOUT AI AND THE
USE OF AI AND YOU KNOW HOW WE'RE
LEVERAGING THESE ADVANCED
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES TO SOLVE
PROBLEMS THAT WE HAVE BOTH
INTERNALLY AND THE EXTRAMURAL,
THE SCIENTIFIC WORLD AND I WILL
BRING UP THE CONCEPT OF
BIOMEDICAL CYBER STRUCTURE,
THESE MODULAR TOOLS THAT CAN BE
USED AND BROUGHT TOGETHER TO
HELP SUPPORT THE DIGITAL
ECOSYSTEM OF ALL OF THE WORK
THAT THE NIH IS DOING, YOU KNOW,
WE ARE, START WITH PEOPLE, FROM
THE GROUND UP. AT THE NIH WE
HAVE PROBABLY AROUND 6,000, YOU
KNOW, INTERNALLY WITHIN THE NIH
AROUND, I WOULD SAY AROUND 6,000
FTE THAT SUPPORT IT IN SOME WAY.
AND WITHIN THAT, ABOUT I WOULD
SAY 12-1300 OF THAT 6,000 FTE
ARE WITHIN THE CENTER FOR
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE
OFFICE OF THE CIOILY TALK MORE
ABOUT BOTH OF THOSE IN A SECOND.
AND CIT OR THE CENTER FOR
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IS REALLY
THE OPERATIONAL ARM OF
ENTERPRISE IT. WE SUPPORT
EVERYWHERE FROM THE NIH NETWORK
ALL THE WAY THROUGH TO OUR CLOUD
PROGRAM. WE DABBLE IN THE
EXTRAMURAL WORLD FOR A NUMBER OF
THINGS LIKE, AGAIN, ACCESS TO
THE CLOUD THROUGH STRIDES BUT
ALSO LIKE YOUR COMMENTS ID IS
SOMETHING THAT WE MANAGE AS
WELL. AND ABOVE THAT SO WE
START WITH PEOPLE, WE SUPPORT
THE, THAT ENTERPRISE
INFRASTRUCTURE AND
CYBERSECURITY, THE CLOUD, BUT
THEN WE ALSO ARE HELPING SUPPORT
DATA PLATFORMS AND ANALYTICS AND
THEN IN THE FUTURE OF HOW WE
LEVERAGE AI AND BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH TO, YOU KNOW, ENABLE
ALL OF THE THINGS THAT THE NIH
DOES AND WANTS TO DO. WE ARE AS
I MENTIONED THE CENTER FOR
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF INFORMATION
OFFICER ARE TWO DIFFERENT
GROUPS. THE OFFICE OF THE CIO
OR OCIO SITS IN THE OFFICE OF
THE NIH DIRECTOR. AND CIT IS
ONE OF THE 27 INSTITUTES AND
CENTERS OF THE NIH THAT I
MENTIONED. OVER THE PAST YEAR,
WE'VE, SINCE I'VE BEEN HERE 14
MONTHS WE'VE BEEN BUILDING A
VERY, VERY STRONG LEADERSHIP
TEAM TO SUPPORT IT TODAY AND
INTO THE FUTURE. THE OFFICE OF
THE CIO FOCUSES ON IT STRATEGY,
OUR ARCHITECTURE, GOVERNANCE FOR
IT INVESTMENTS AS WELL AS OUR
INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM AND
THE CHIEF INFORMATION SECURITY
OFFICER OF THE NIH. AND THEN
ADELE MERIT WAS RECRUITED IN
DECEMBER SHE HAS BEEN AMAZING,
SHE HAS BOTH A RESEARCH
BACKGROUND BUT ALSO A FEDERAL
CIO BACKGROUND.
AND HAS REALLY HIT THE GROUND
RUNNING AND IS DOING A GREAT JOB
OF WRANGLING, YOU KNOW, NIH IT
IN CIT, WE'RE AGAIN, THE
OPERATIONAL ARM OF TECHNOLOGY AT
THE NIH. WE MANAGE, YOU KNOW,
IDENTITIES LIKE, AGAIN, YOUR ID,
OUR IDENTITY THROUGH THE PIV
CARDS THAT THE NIH CARDS USE TO
LOGIN, WE SUPPORT A NUMBER OF
APPLICATION SYSTEMS, BOTH
SCIENTIFIC AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS
WE SUPPORT THE E-MAIL, THE TEAMS
MEETING AND THE LICENSE FOR
TEAMS AND BASICALLY ALL OF THE
KIND OF ENTERPRISE IT THINGS
THAT THE NIH DOES AND ALSO
TOUCHING EXTRAMURAL IN A NUMBER
OF DIFFERENT WAYS, I WAS ASKED
BY THE NIH DIRECTOR ABOUT, I
DON'T KNOW, SEVEN OR EIGHT
MONTHS AGO TO TAKE ON A NEW ROLE
OF ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF IT
CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE AND
CYBERSECURITY. IN ADDITION TO
MY ROLE AS DIRECTOR OF THE
CENTER FOR INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY. THOSE TWO DUAL
ROLES ENABLE ME TO OVERSEE BOTH
OCOI AND CIT IN A COORDINATED
WAY AS WE MOVE FORWARD AND OF
COURSE I REPORT TO THE NIH
DIRECTOR. I LIKE TO USE THE
TERM CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE A LOT.
THIS TERM CAME FROM THE NATIONAL
SCIENCE FOUNDATION IT'S BEEN
AROUND FOR A LONG TIME IT KIND
OF THINKS ABOUT, WE THINK ABOUT
ALL THOSE TECHNOLOGIES THAT HELP
SUPPORT ALL THE THINGS THAT WE
DO TO SUPPORT RESEARCH.
EVERYWHERE FROM DATA ASSETS TO,
YOU KNOW, AI, TO THE COMPUTING
WITHIN DATA CENTERS, THE
NETWORKS THAT CONNECT THINGS
TOGETHER. THE STANDARDS THAT
ARE USED TO ENABLE NETWORKS TO
COMMUNICATE OR ENABLE DATA TO BE
INTEROPERABLE AND THERE ARE A
NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS
WITHIN THE NIH THAT SUPPORT THIS
SO-CALLED CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE.
KEY IN THEM IS CIT WHICH I
MENTIONED AND THE OFFICE OF THE
CIO WHICH I ALSO JUST DISCUSSED
THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
AND THE OFFICE OF DATA SCIENCE
STRATEGY WITHIN THE OFFICE OF
THE DIRECTOR AS WELL AS ALL THE
TEAMS WITHIN THE 27 INSTITUTES
AND CENTERS THAT SUPPORT
TECHNOLOGY, BOTH IN A MISSION
DRIVEN WAY AND WITH ENTERPRISE
TOOLS THAT CAN BE USED OR REUSED
TO SUPPORT WHATEVER COMPUTING
NEEDS THAT THE NIH HAS I'D LOVE
TO SHARE A COUPLE SUCCESS
STORIES BEFORE I DIVE IN TO
TALKING MORE ABOUT YOU KNOW OUR
DATA PLATFORMS AND THINGS LIKE
THAT. WE'VE HAD SIGNIFICANT
SUCCESS IN IT. I THINK
PERSONALLY THE STRONGEST IT
PROGRAM WITHIN THE OPERATING
DIVISIONS OF HHS. WE'VE BUILT A
NETWORK THAT SUPPORTS THE NIH.
WE HAVE 45,000 STAFF AND 700,000
VISITORS ACROSS 200 NIH
BUILDINGS ACROSS NINE GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATIONS THAT ARE CONNECTED
WITH MORE THAN 4,300 MILES OF
NETWORK CABLING OF PHYSICAL
NETWORK CABLING AMONGST THEM.
WE'VE, WE HAVE OUR ENTERPRISE
NIH COLLABORATION TOOLS THINGS
LIKE OUR E-MAIL SYSTEM AND OUR
MICROSOFT ONEDRIVE OR TEAMS AND
WE HOST MORE THAN 2.5 MILLION
VIRTUAL MEETINGS, HAVE, YOU
KNOW, SENT AND RECEIVED MORE
THAN A BILLION E-MAILS AND HAVE
MORE THAN A MILLION GIGABYTES IN
SHAREPOINT AND ONEDRIVE AT THIS
POINT AND WE SUPPORT SCIENTIFIC
COMPUTING WITH ONE OF THE
LARGEST HIGH PERFORMANCE
COMPUTERS THAT IS FOCUSED ONLY
ON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. HAS
MORE THAN ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND
CORES IT IS 100% UTILIZED AT ANY
TIME AND WE ARE CURRENTLY
UNDERGOING TEN MILLION DOLLAR
YEAR HARDWARE REFRESH. WE HAVE
A TEAM THAT'S WITHIN CIT THAT
SUPPORTS SUPERCOMPUTING THAT
HELPS BUILD AND THEY'VE BUILT
AND SUPPORT MORE THAN A THOUSAND
DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS. TO
ENABLE RESEARCHERS TO DO HIGH
PERFORMANCE COMPUTING WITHIN THE
ENVIRONMENT. THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT IS MORE CLOUD
FRIENDLY OR CLOUD FORWARD THAN
ANY ORGANIZATION, ANY OF THE
UNIVERSITIES OR NONPROFIT
RESEARCH INSTITUTES THAT I'VE
WORKED AT. AND ALMOST EVERY
APPLICATION AND TECHNOLOGY IS,
YOU KNOW, BEING THOUGHT OF AS
BEING MOVED INTO THE CLOUD OR
TRANSFORMED INTO THE CLOUD OR
HAS ALREADY BEEN DONE TO BE
MOVED INTO THE CLOUD AND SO WE
SPEND A LOT OF EFFORT TO SUPPORT
CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES AND, YOU
KNOW, SUPPORT CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES
AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. TO
THAT END WE'VE CREATED THE NIH
STRIDES INITIATIVE. THIS IS, I
THINK, AN AMAZING PARTNERSHIP
THAT BEV HAD -- WE'VE HAD WITH
THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR.
STRIDES IS OUR PROGRAM THAT
ENABLES ACCESS TO THE CLOUD AT
DISCOUNT AS WELL AS ENABLES
BUILDING OF NEW TOOLS UPON THE
CLOUD THAT INVESTIGATORS CAN USE
AND CONTRIBUTE TO AND THIS IS IN
PARTNERSHIP WITH THREE CLOUD
SERVICE PROVIDERS AWS, GOOGLE
CLOUD AND MICROSOFT AZURE. AND
THESE PARTNERSHIPS, THIS BROAD
AGREEMENT GIVES US, YOU KNOW,
BOTH THE KIND OF LOWER COST BUT
ALSO GIVES US STRONG
COLLABORATIONS IN TERMS OF RND
AS WE THINK ABOUT HOW TO SUPPORT
RESEARCH EFFORTS OF TOOLS,
THINGS THAT ARE IN THE CLOUD.
TODAY THERE'S MORE THAN THREE
HUNDRED SIXTY-FOUR MILLION
GIGABYTES OF DATA WITHIN THE
STRIDES PROGRAM. IN THE CLOUD.
AND FROM THAT, WE HAVE MORE THAN
2700 RESEARCH PROGRAMS THAT
LEVERAGE THIS AND THEY'VE SAVED
MORE THAN ONE HUNDRED MILLION
DOLLARS AND WE'VE TRAINED MORE
THAN 5500 INVESTIGATORS ON USE
OF THE CLOUD AND BASICALLY EVERY
TYPE OF DATA THAT YOU CAN
POSSIBLY IMAGINE, THAT IS USED
IN BIOMEDICINE IS NOW SUPPORTED
THROUGH ACCESS TO THE CLOUD.
AND MANY, MANY, MANY NIH FUNDED
RESEARCH PROGRAMS LEVERAGE THE
STROOIDZ PROGRAM AND HAVE MOVED
THEIR RESOURCES INTO THE CLOUD
AND A NUMBER OF THESE ARE
PROBABLY FAMILIAR WITH. I
MENTIONED BEFORE IT'S MORE THAN
JUST A DISCOUNT. I THINK, YOU
KNOW, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I
AM REALLY EXCITED ABOUT STRIDES
IS WE'RE STARTING TO SEE, YOU
KNOW, THINGS BEING BUILT UPON
THE STRIDES PROGRAM THAT ARE
ESSENTIALLY MORE THAN THE SUM OF
THEIR PARTS.
ONE OF THEM IS NIH CLOUD LAB
IT'S... ENABLES INVESTIGATORS TO
GET ACCESS TO FREE CREDITS LIKE
I THINK, IT'S NOT A LOT BUT IT'S
SOME, 500 DOLLARS OF CREDIT
ACCESS TO STRIDES. BUT THEY
ALSO GET ACCESS TO TAILORED
TRAININGS OF HOW TO DO B
BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN THE
CLOUDS AND THESE TRAININGS WERE
DEVELOPED IN PARTNERSHIP WITH
NIGMS AND WITH THE OFFICE OF
DATA SCIENCE STRATEGY. NIGMS
WORKED WITH THE IDEA STATE A
NUMBER OF IDEA STATE CTRS TO
DEVELOP TRAINING PROGRAMS THAT
COULD BE THEN SHARED WITHIN
STRIDES FOR INVESTIGATORS THAT
HAVE ACCESS TO THEM AND SO USING
CLOUD LAB GIVES AN INVESTIGATOR
THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANY NIH
PROGRAM ACCESS TO, YOU KNOW,
SOME TIME TO DO IN THE CLOUD BUT
ALSO TRAININGS AND THESE
TRAININGS WERE DEVELOPED
COLLABORATIVELY SO I THINK THIS
IS KIND OF ONE EXAMPLE ABOUT HOW
YOU CAN BUILD UPON A PLATFORM
LIKE STRIDES TO DO THINGS
COLLABORATIVELY IN A DIGITAL
ECOSYSTEM IN A WAY THAT'S
DIFFERENT THAN WHAT WE MIGHT
HAVE DONE IN THE PAST. CLOUD, I
THINK WE'RE ALSO STARTING TO SEE
THE EMERGENT OF DATA
REPOSITORIES OF STANDARDIZED
DATA PLATFORMS. FOR DOING, YOU
KNOW, FOR DEVELOP IING A, YOU
KNOW, RESOURCES TO MANAGE DATA,
TO COLLECT DATA, TO DO ANALYSIS
ON DATA AND THEN IN THE FUTURE
TO ALSO DO, YOU KNOW, TO DO AI
AND DATA SHARING AS WELL. AT
THE NIH, AGAIN, THIS IS A SLIDE
FROM SUSAN'S OFFICE IN THE
OFFICE OF DATA SCIENCE STRATEGY
WE'VE INVESTED UP UNTIL 2023 WE
INVESTED ABOUT ARE ALMOST A
BILLION DOLLARS INTO PROJECTS
THAT ARE FOCUSED ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE AND THE SHARE OF
THE TOTAL NIH BUDGET FOR AI HAS
INCREASED NEARLY FIVE FOLD SINCE
2019. AND EVEN WITH HERE, THIS
DOESN'T CAPTURE ALL OF THE
ACTIVITY THAT'S HAPPENING ON A
NUMBER OF EXISTING LARGE
PROJECTS BUT ALSO ALL THE KINDS
OF AI THAT YOU MIGHT SEE WITHIN
LIKE, SAY, RO 1S AND, YOU KNOW,
OTHER ACTIVITIES THAT ARE
HAPPENING. AND SO I GUESS, WHAT
I WANT TO EMPHASIZE, THAT THE
AMOUNT OF EFFORT THAT'S BEING
PUT INTO AI IS SUBSTANTIAL AND
THAT WE HAVE TO HAVE THE
TECHNOLOGIES BENEATH THAT TO
HELP SUPPORT THE WORK THAT'S
BEEN DOING IN THIS SPACE. THERE
ARE A NUMBER OF CLOUD DATA
PLATFORMS THAT HAVE EMERGED.
YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF THEM.
THAT ARE LEVERAGED BY NIH
INVESTIGATORS. GEN 3 FROM THE
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IS ONE,
TARA FROM I THINK THE BROAD
INSTITUTE IS ANOTHER ONE.
CAVATY KA. THE BRICKS PROGRAM
WHICH COMES FROM CIT. THESE
ENABLE THE MANAGEMENT OF
DATASETS THAT ARE BEING
COLLECTED EITHER FOR BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH PURPOSES AND THEIR
STANDARDIZED AND HELP
STANDARDIZE DATA ACROSS THOSE
DIFFERENT PLATFORMS TO ENABLE US
TO ACHIEVE, YOU KNOW, FOR
EXAMPLE, OUR, YOU KNOW, TO
ACHIEVE THINGS THAT ARE IN OUR
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR DATA SCIENCE
OR TO MAKE TECHNOLOGY MORE
EFFICIENT, LESS EXPENSIVE TO
USE. AND YOU KNOW, REALLY WHEN
WE BRING THESE DIFFERENT TOOLS
AND TECHNOLOGIES TO THE TABLE,
WE'RE REALLY TRYING TO HELP
BUILD, WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO CALL
A MORE ENTERPRISE THINKING FOR
THE STANDARDS AROUND MAKING
DATA, YOU KNOW, EASIER TO ACCESS
AND MORE IMPACTFUL. WE THINK OF
THE TOOLS THAT WE PROVIDE FOR
THESE TECHNOLOGIES. THAT
CONTRIBUTE TO AGAIN WHAT I CALL
CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE SHOULD BE
MODULAR AND EASY TO USE. ONE OF
THOSE TECHNOLOGIES IS AN EXAMPLE
IS THE NIH RESEARCHER AUGHT
SERVICE WHICH ENABLES USERS TO
GET INTO SYSTEM AND AUTHORIZE
SYSTEMS.
YOU HAVE PROBABLY SEEN THESE
TECHNOLOGIES IN OTHER PLACES
LIKE IF YOU LOG INTO A SYSTEM
AND YOU USE YOUR SINGLE SIGN ON
FROM A UNIVERSITY. FROM THE NIH
THAT ENABLES THAT IDENTITY
VERIFICATION SO YOU CAN GET INTO
A SYSTEM BUT IT ALSO ENABLES
AUTHORIZATION USING GA 4GA THE
GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR GENETICS AND
HEALTH. THE STANDARDS FOR
ESSENTIALLY AUTHORIZING DATASETS
ACROSS RESOURCES. SO IF YOU
HAVE A DATA RESOURCE OVER HERE
THAT YOU HAVE ACCESS TO AND YOU
HAVE ANOTHER DATA RESOURCE OVER
HERE THAT YOU HAVE ACCESS TO
THAT ARE MANAGED SEPARATELY WITH
RAS YOU CAN ENABLE, AND THESE
STANDARDS YOU CAN ENABLE AN
INVESTIGATOR TO ACCESS TWO
DATASETS SIMULTANEOUSLY AND DO
ANALYSIS ON THEM. LIKE SAY,
LIKE GENOMES IN ONE RESOURCE AND
GENOMES IN ANOTHER RESOURCE, YOU
CAN BRING THEM TOGETHER AND DO
ANALYSIS ON THEM TOGETHER. IN
AN AUTHORIZED WAY USING A
STANDARD TECHNOLOGY LIKE THIS
AND YOU KNOW ESSENTIALLY ANY
INVESTIGATOR, ANY DATA
INFORMATICS GROUP THAT'S
BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES CAN USE
THAT TO CONTRIBUTE. I'D LIKE TO
THINK OF THESE AGAIN AS MODULAR,
I USE THE ANALOGY OF THE LEGO
BRICK A LOT WHERE WE WANT TO
BUILD LOTS OF THE LEGO BRICKS
THAT SCIENTISTS CAN PUT TOGETHER
AND RAS IS ONE OF THESE LEGOS
THAT ENABLES ACCESS TO RESOURCES
BY IDENTIFYING IDENTITY AND
AUTHORIZATION TO RESOURCES BY
BUILDING IN STANDARD, YOU KNOW,
ESSENTIALLY A STANDARD DATA
PASSPORT THAT ENABLES SOMEBODY
TO GO IN AND ACCESS ALL THE OF
DATA THAT THEY HAVE ACCESS TO
BUT NOT DATA THAT THEY DON'T
HAVE ACCESS TO. THESE, ABOVE
THESE PLATFORMS ARE SOMETHING
THAT WE ALSO CALL WORKSPACES A
COMMON PROBLEM IN BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH TODAY IS WE FUNDED A
NUMBER OF LIKE SAY COORDINATING
CENTERS THAT ARE COORDINATING
THE COLLECTION OF DATA FROM A
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT SITES,
INVESTIGATORS NEED TO DO
ANALYSIS ON THAT DATA OR LIKE
MACHINE LEARNING OR SOMETHING
LIKE THAT. WE'VE -- ARE HELPING
SUPPORT THE CREATION OF THE
CONCEPT OF SOMETHING CALLED A
WORKSPACE WHICH IS BASICALLY A
WALLED GARDEN IN THE CLOUD THAT
WE CAN SPIN UP THAT WOULD GIVE
ACCESS TO DATA FROM, YOU KNOW,
POTENTIALLY MULTIPLE RESOURCES
THAT WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO AN
INVESTIGATOR SO, YOU KNOW, WHILE
THEY NEED TO DO WHATEVER
RESEARCH IT IS THAT THEY NEED TO
DO. SO IF YOU HAVE A DATA
RESOURCE AND A RESEARCHER HAS
ACCESS TO THAT DATA RESOURCE AND
SOME DATA IN THERE, THEY NEED TO
BUILD LIKE SAY A MACHINE
LEARNING MODEL OR THEY WANT TO
PLAY WITH A LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL
SERVICE OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT
THAT THEY'RE AUTHORIZED TO DO,
WE CAN USE A WORKSPACE
TECHNOLOGY TO CREATE A COMPUTER
ENVIRONMENT, GIVE THEM A LOGIN
THAT THEY CAN GET INTO AND ONLY
THEY CAN GET INTO AND THEN THEY
CAN GO INTO THAT ENVIRONMENT, DO
THE ANALYSIS, THE MACHINE
LEARNING OR WHATEVER IT IS THAT
THEY WANT TO DO, AND THEN WHEN
THEIR PROJECT IS DONE, THAT, YOU
KNOW, THAT ENVIRONMENT COULD BE
ARCHIVED OR THE PRODUCTS OF THAT
ENVIRONMENT COULD THEN BE
ARCHIVED. AND THESE WORKSPACES
COULD, YOU KNOW, CONCEIVABLY BE
VERY PLUG AND PLAY IN THAT YOU
CAN CREATE THEM. YOU CAN
CONNECT THEM TO ARBITRARY
RESOURCES AGAIN, ENABLED THROUGH
THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY STANDARDS
THAT ALLOW DATA RESOURCES TO,
YOU KNOW, CONNECT TOGETHER AND
TO DO YOU KNOW, WHATEVER IT IS
THAT THEY NEED TO DO AND I THINK
ONE OF THE BENEFITS OF LIKES FOR
EXAMPLE, USING THE CLOUD IS A
LOT OF THESE STANDARDS ARE, YOU
KNOW, ESSENTIALLY BAKED IN OR
COULD BE DEVELOPED AND SHARED
AMONGST DATA RESOURCES AND
SHARED AMONGST INVESTIGATORS
SUCH THAT YOU KNOW YOU ONLY HAVE
TO BUILD SOMETHING ONCE AND IN
ORDER TO SUPPORT MANY, MANY,
MANY ACTIVITIES THAT ARE
HAPPENING. MANY PROGRAMS
ALREADY USE WORKSPACES AND MANY
OF THESE WORKSPACE TECHNOLOGIES
ARE LEVERAGED FROM... ARE
LEVERAGED USING THESE STANDARDS
THAT I'VE BEEN ELUDING TO AND
AND SO I EXPECT THAT THIS LIST
WILL GROW INTO SOMETHING THAT WE
WOULD LIKE TO BE BETTER AT AS A
SERVICE. I THINK, YOU KNOW,
WHEN I WAS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
WASHINGTON MORE THAN A YEAR AGO,
A LOT, I WORKED WITH A LOT OF
DATA COORDINATING CENTERS THAT
WERE VERY ADVANCED IN TERMS OF
THEIR TECHNOLOGY, THEY WERE
MOVING INTO THE CHOWLOUD AND ONF
THE AREAS THAT WE WANT TO DO
HELP SUPPORT WAS THE BUILDING OF
THESE ANALYTICS ENVIRONMENTS AND
I THINK THERE WASN'T REALLY,
THERE WASN'T REALLY GOOD, I
THINK FLUENCY AMONG THE
RESEARCHER COMMUNITY ABOUT HOW
THESE TECHNOLOGIES CAN BE USED
AND HOW THEY CAN BE USED FOR
COST-EFFECTIVELY TO SUPPORT DATA
AND DATA RESOURCES THAT ARE, YOU
KNOW, RIGHT NOW BURDENED WITH A
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT COSTS AND
CHALLENGES FOR SCALING. AS
YOU'RE PROBABLY VERY WELL AWARE
OF. THIS YEAR, THE NOBEL PRIZE
IN CHEMISTRY WAS FOCUSED ON AI.
WHICH WAS VERY EXCITING WITH THE
STRUCTURE PREDICTION AND DESIGN
OF PROTEINS. AND ONE OF THE
THINGS THAT I REALLY WANT TO
POINT OUT IS THAT THE REASON WE
KNOW THAT THESE GROUPS WERE ABLE
TO, YOU KNOW, ABLE TO SOLVE THE
PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION
PROBLEM THAT WON THE NOBEL PRIZE
WAS THAT THERE WAS A CONSORTIUM
OF INVESTIGATORS THAT GOT
TOGETHER WHAT 35 YEARS AGO, I
DON'T KNOW THE EXACT DATE BUT IT
WAS ABOUT 1990 WHERE THEY SAID
INVESTIGATORS ARE DEVELOPING
ALGORITHM TO PREDICT THE
STRUCTURE OF PRO PROTEINS AND WE
DON'T KNOW WHO IS DOING THE
BEST.
SO THEY CREATED A CONSORTIUM TO
ACTUALLY ASSESS EVERY TWO YEARS
IN AN UNBIASED WAY, HOW THESE
DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS WERE DOING
FOR PREDICTING PROTEIN
STRUCTURES AND THEY TURNED IT
INTO A COMPETITION CALLED THE
CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURE
PREDICTION AND I THINK FROM CASP
WAS ONE OF THE EARLY EXAMPLES OF
A DATA SCIENCE CHALLENGE THAT
ENABLED A COMMUNITY TO... OF
SCIENTISTS TO GET TOGETHER AND
WORK COLLABORATIVELY IN A
COMPETITIVE WAY TO DEVELOP A,
YOU KNOW, TO ADVANCE ALGORITHMS
FOR PREDICTING PROTEIN STRUCTURE
AND I THINK IT WAS BECAUSE OF
CASP REALLY THAT WE KNEW THAT
THIS WORK HAD BEEN DONE AT THE
LEVEL THAT AGAIN WON A NOBEL
PRIZE LAST YEAR. AND THIS WORK
IS, YOU KNOW, NIH FUNDED, NIGMS
HAS FUNDED CASP FOR A VERY LONG
TIME AND I'M A HUGE PROPONENT OF
COLLABORATIVE DATA CHALLENGES
WHERE, YOU KNOW, GROUPS OF
INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE TRYING TO
SOLVE A SIMILAR PROBLEM WORK
TOGETHER, COMPETITIVELY, TO, YOU
KNOW, WORK TOGETHER, MAYBE A
LITTLE COMPETITIVELY IS PART OF
A CHALLENGE TO ASSESS, TO BE
ABLE TO ASSESS WHETHER, YOU
KNOW, THE KINDS OF TOOLS THAT
WE'RE BUILDING IN AI ARE
ACTUALLY ADVANCING THE FIELD OR
NOT. AND SO I'M A BIG PROPONENT
OF THIS AND I'D LOVE TO SEE MORE
CHALLENGES, YOU KNOW, IN THE NIH
ENVIRONMENT. ANOTHER THING TO
MENTION TOO IS THAT WE HAVE
ENTERED A NEW ERA AND I DON'T
KNOW IF ALL RESEARCHERS
APPRECIATE THIS YET. THE ERA OF
OPERATIONAL AI. WHICH MEANS WE
ARE IS IMPLEMENTING ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE INTO ENTERPRISE
SYSTEMS SUCH THAT THEY ARE
BASICALLY IT TECHNOLOGIES AND
THERE MAY NOT BE A DATA
SCIENTIST IN THE LOOP AT ALL IN
THEIR IMPLEMENTATION AND
DEPLOYMENT. WE ARE SEEING, YOU
KNOW, AI TECHNOLOGIES BEING, YOU
KNOW, MACHINE LEARNING BEING PUT
INTO, YOU KNOW, INTO ELECTRONIC
HEALTH RECORD SYSTEMS FOR
EXAMPLE, EPIC HAS THE OUT OF THE
BOX MODEL. YOU MAY BE FAMILIAR
WITH THE SEPSIS PREDICTOR FOR
ACUTE CARE ICU SETTINGS THAT
PREDICTS AS AN EARLY WARNING FOR
SEPSIS THAT'S BEEN IN THE NEWS,
BEEN AN ACTIVE AREA OF RESEARCH
FOR QUITE SOME TIME. BUT THERE
ARE OTHER MODELS, WE'RE STARTING
TO PUT LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS OR
GENERATIVE MODELS INTO THE EHR
FOR DRAFTING INBOX MESSAGES, FOR
PROVIDERS, OR AMBIENT SCRIBES
THAT DEVELOP AUTOMATED
DOCUMENTATION. WE'RE SEEING AI
BEING PUT INTO TEAMS SO THAT WE
CAN GENERATE AUTOMATIC NOTES FOR
A MEETING AND WHAT THE TASKS ARE
MOVING AWAY FROM A MEETING. AS
PART OF THIS, WE'RE ALSO DOING A
NUMBER OF AI PROJECTS WITHIN THE
NIH SO, FOR EXAMPLE, TRIALGPT IS
A LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL THAT
HELPS IDENTIFY PATIENTS FOR
CLINICAL TRIALS. AND THERE ARE
A NUMBER OF OTHER USE CASES THAT
ARE, A NUMBER OF OTHER USE CASES
THAT ARE HAPPENING. TODAY UNDER
AN EXECUTIVE ORDER FROM THE LAST
ADMINISTRATION, WE HAD TO
COLLECT ALL OF OUR AI USE CASES,
THERE ARE A NUMBER OF
OPERATIONAL USE CASES THAT ARE
HAPPENING AT THE NIH AS YOU ALL
KNOW, I WILL HIGHLIGHT THERE ARE
RISKS TO USE OF AI. IT CAN BE
INEQUITABLE, IT CAN BE
IMPLEMENTED IRRESPONSIBLY. DATA
IN TRAINING MAY BE SHARED. IT
CAN IMPACT HUMAN RIGHTS, IT CAN
BE UNSAFE IT CAN DRIFT IN
ACCURACY OVER TIME AND THERE MAY
BE PRIVACY ISSUES OVER DATA. SO
I THINK THAT'S ANOTHER CHALLENGE
THAT WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT AND
AS PART OF THAT WE'RE DEVELOPING
GOVERNANCE TO OVERSEE THE USE
AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AI IN
ORDER TO MANAGE AND SUPPORT
THOSE RISKS. ALL RIGHT AND I
THINK I'M JUST ABOUT TO WRAP UP
HERE SOON I KNOW I'M JUST ABOUT
OUT OF TIME THERE ARE MORE THAN
100 KNOWN USE CASES I MENTIONED
BEFORE, 77 OF THOSE USE CASES
ARE ACTIVE TODAY. 27 OF THEM
RELATE TO GRANTS MANAGEMENT.
THERE ARE 16 CHATBOTS BEING
USED. PROCESSING OF TEXT IS
BEING USED AND AGAIN, AND I
THINK THAT THIS JUST GOES TO
SHOW THAT NIH IS LEVERAGING AND
BUILDING A NUMBER OF OPERATIONAL
AI TOOLS WHICH WE'RE VERY
EXCITED ABOUT. ANOTHER ONE IS
CLASSIFICATION OF THE DATA
MANAGEMENT AND SHARING PLANS.
LLM FOR DMS WHICH HELPS PROGRAM
OFFICERS TO CLUSTER DMS DATA
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR PROPOSALS
AND THIS HAS BEEN ACTIVE FOR
SOME TIME. THERE'S ALSO A
CHATBOT ACCESS IS HERE, I'M
MOVING A LITTLE FAST SO I CAN
GET THROUGH EVERYTHING IN TIME.
AND WE HAD A KICKOFF FOR SECURE
ACCESS TO CHATGPT IN JANUARY,
THERE WERE MORE THAN 600
INVESTIGATORS THAT JOINED THE
KICKOFF MEETING WHERE WE
ANNOUNCED AND DEPLOYED THAT.
AND YOU KNOW GIVES A, I THINK
SOME INSIGHT INTO HOW INTERESTED
INVESTIGATORS ARE IN THE USE OF
AI. COPILOT IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE
WHICH IS THE INTEGRATION OF AI
INTO OFFICE AND TEAMS AND E-MAIL
OFFICE 365 AND THAT'S COMING
SOON. IT WAS JUST MADE
AVAILABLE TO THE FEDERAL
AUDIENCE IN APRIL AND IS NOW
BEING IMPLEMENTED. SO PUTTING
THAT ALTOGETHER, I MENTIONED
BEFORE THE DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM IS
MODULAR LIKE LEGO BRICKS, WE'RE
VERY EXCITED ABOUT MAKING THE --
REUSABLE AND THE TECHNOLOGIES
AVAILABLE TO INVESTIGATORS IN A
TRANSPARENT WAY. AND THESE
LEGOS CAN BE ANYTHING YOU CAN
POSSIBLY IMAGINE IN TERMS OF
TECHNOLOGY AND MY HOPE IS IS
THAT INVESTIGATORS WILL
CONTRIBUTE TO BUILDING NEW LEGOS
THAT WILL PLAY IN AN ECOSYSTEM
THAT CAN THEN BE REUSED. AND
MAYBE I'LL SKIP THESE LAST TWO
PARTS JUST TO SAY WE HAVE A
NEWSLETTER THAT'S COMING SOON.
PLEASE LOOK FOR IT. IT'LL BE
POSTED ON LINKEDIN FOR SURE AND
YOU CAN SEE IT THROUGH MY
LINKEDIN AND THANK YOU AGAIN FOR
YOUR TIME AND THE INVITE WE'RE
VERY EXCITED ABOUT THE
TECHNOLOGY THAT WE'RE PUTTING IN
PLACE TO HELP SUPPORT THE NIH
COMMUNITY WITH ITS DIGITAL E
ECOSYSTEM AND THE SCIENTIFIC
MISSION THAT WE DO. SO THANK
YOU VERY MUCH. IF THERE'S TIME
FOR QUESTIONS I WOULD CERTAINLY
BE HAPPY TO TAKE SOME.
>> TERRIFIC THANK YOU SO MUCH,
SEAN, THAT WAS REALLY GREAT,
INCREDIBLY INTERESTING TO
UNDERSTAND WHAT THE CIT IS DOING
AT THE NIH LEVEL. BECAUSE IT'S
KIND OF A BLACK BOX BUT I THINK
FOR US TO SXUNS I WAS SURPRISED
BY ONE OF YOUR FIRST SLIDES.
THAT YOU ONLY HAVE A BILLION
E-MAILS THAT YOU DEAL WITH
BECAUSE I THOUGHT THAT'S HOW
MANY I GET A DAY. PROBABLY. SO
AMAZING STATS.
>> I ACTUALLY THOUGHT THE E-MAIL
COUNT WAS A LITTLE LOW TOO.
>> WE CERTAINLY HAVE TIME FOR A
FEW QUESTIONS. ANY QUESTIONS?
>> NIH ARE AWARE AND VERY
APPRECIATIVE IN EFFORTS BUT HERE
WAS A CHANCE TO SPEAK TO SOME
REPRESENTATION OF THE EXTERNAL
RESEARCH COMMUNITY. IF YOU MAY
BE PUTTING YOU ON THE SPOT IF
THERE'S ASK IN TERMS OF
UNDERSTANDING MORE INPUT WHERE
DO YOU THINK WE NEED THE
GREATEST UNDERSTANDING AND HELP
FROM THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY?
>> IT'S NO SECRET THAT OUR COST
FOR IT ARE INCREASING.
SIMULTANEOUSLY OUR COST FOR DATA
AND DATA RESOURCES AND NOW THE
AI COSTS ARE INCREASING. AND I
THINK THAT THE ONLY WAY THAT WE
ARE GOING TO, YOU KNOW, THE ONLY
WAY I THINK THAT WE'RE GOING TO
BE TRULY SUCCESSFUL IN GETTING
THROUGH THIS IS THIS CONCEPT OF
A DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM OF A PLACE
WHERE WE CAN WORK TOGETHER KIND
OF LIKE THE INTERNET WORKS
TOGETHER TO ENABLE WEBSITES AND
TOOLS THAT TALK TO YOUR CELL
PHONE AND THINGS LIKE THAT ALL
OF THAT WAS BUILT ON, BASED ON
STANDARDS AND IT'S VERY
FLEXIBLE. YOU CAN BUILD AND DO
WHATEVER YOU WANT TO DO WITH
THAT. BUT YOU KNOW, DEVELOPMENT
OF THOSE STANDARDS AND USING
THOSE STANDARDS IS REALLY,
REALLY IMPORTANT FOR US TO BE
ABLE TO SUPPORT ALL OF THE
THINGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT AGAIN,
WITHIN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND I
THINK THAT TOUCHES EVERYTHING
THAT WE DO AND SO MY FIRST THING
IS THAT I THINK IT'S REALLY
IMPORTANT FOR INVESTIGATORS BOTH
INTRAMURAL AND EXTRAMURAL WORLD
TO BE FLUENT IN TECHNOLOGIES AS
THEY COME TO US BECAUSE I THINK
MAKING GOOD DECISIONS IN TERMS
OF WHAT TECHNOLOGIES WE USE TO
SUPPORT THE WORK THAT WE DO IS,
YOU KNOW, IS INCREDIBLY
IMPORTANT AND HAS A BIG IMPACT
IN THE WORK THAT WE DO. THE
FIRST THING IS FLUENCY. THE
SECOND THING IS HELPING SUPPORT
STANDARDS AND THEN THE THIRD
THING IS, YOU KNOW, THE THIRD
THING IS REALLY, YOU KNOW,
HELPING US NAVIGATE THIS
CHALLENGE OF THE INCREASE IN
COSTS OF IT, OF DATA AND OF AI
AND HOW DO WE SUPPORT THAT TO BE
ABLE TO, YOU KNOW, CONTINUE TO
ENABLE THE, YOU KNOW, THE
AMAZING RESEARCH THAT WE DO AND
THAT HAPPENS.
>> THANK YOU. OTHER QUESTIONS?
OR COMMENT SS? I JUST HAVE ONE
QUESTION OR WHAT YOU THINK ON
THIS TOPIC OF HAVING THESE WORK
ENVIRONMENTS IN THE CLOUD THAT
ARE SECURE AND YOU CAN USE
MULTIPLE SYSTEMS SIMULTANEOUSLY
WHAT ARE THE BIGGEST CHALLENGES
WHEN BUILDING SOMETHING LIKE
THAT TOO AND THE SECURITY ISSUES
INVOLVED WITH SOMETHING USING
THOSE ENVIRONMENTS?
>> NOWADAYS, YOU KNOW, THERE'S
SECURITY RISKS WITH EVERY SYSTEM
INCLUDING COMPUTERS THAT ARE
PHYSICAL UNDER YOUR DESK AND SO
ENSURING THAT YOU HAVE, YOU
KNOW, HAVE PROPERLY SECURED
WHATEVER IT IS THAT YOU USE IS
REALLY, REALLY CRITICAL AND
HAVING A GOOD FRIEND WHO'S --
YOU KNOW, HAVING SOMEONE WHO YOU
WORK WITH WHO IS, YOU KNOW,
KNOWLEDGEABLE AND GOOD WITH
CYBERSECURITY IS IMPORTANT. IN
THE CLOUD, I THINK EVERYTHING
IS, IT'S DOABLE. I THINK THE
BIGGEST CHALLENGE IS AGAIN,
ADOPTION OF THESE STANDARDS.
AND ENABLING IT, YOU KNOW,
STANDARDS TO BE -- THESE
TECHNOLOGY IS RELATIVELY EASY TO
USE AND TO MAKING GOOD WHAT I
WOULD CALL GOOD BUSINESS CASES
FOR THEIR USE SO THAT MAKING
GOOD BUSINESS CASES FOR THEIR
USE SO THAT LEADERS THAT MAY NOT
BE IT OR INFORMATICS CAN PULL
THEM OFF THE SHELF AND USE THEM.
>> THANK YOU, AND FRANK?
>> YEAH, THANK YOU, REALLY
ENJOYED THAT PRESENTATION. AND
YOU KNOW, IT'LL BE INTERESTING
TO SEE MOVING FORWARD WITH THIS
IMPRESSIVE RESOURCE THAT YOU AND
YOUR TEAM ARE BUILDING. YOU
KNOW, HOW WELL THIS STAYS
INTEGRATED WITH THE
EXPERIMENTALISTS COMMUNITY, YOU
KNOW, I'M A SORT OF TRADITIONAL
WET LAB EXPERIMENT PERSON. AND
YOU KNOW I HIRED ONE DATA
SCIENTIST TO BE IN MY GROUP AND
I'M PART OF THE TREE AD WHICH
HAS GOOD DATA SCIENTISTS BUT I'M
HAVING TROUBLE GRASPING THIS
RESOURCE. AND IT'D BE
INTERESTING TO LOOK AT USE
PATTERNS, YOU KNOW, WHO IS USING
IT, HOW ARE THEY USING IT. AND
IS THERE ENOUGH INTEGRATION WITH
YOU KNOW PEOPLE THAT DO
EXPERIMENTS YOU KNOW TO MAKE
SURE TO FURTHER IMPROVE THESE
DATASETS SO I DON'T EVEN KNOW
HOW I MET, IF I AM ASKING THIS
QUESTION CORRECTLY BUT I AM
OVERWHELMED.
>> YEAH. I THINK IT'S OBVIOUSLY
IT'S COMPLEX AND COMPUTERS ARE
ALMOST EVERYTHING THAT WE DO
TODAY. NOWADAYS SO MUCH IN THE,
LIKE IN BUSINESS, FOR EXAMPLE,
OR IN LEADERSHIP YOU MAKE A
BUSINESS DECISION OR A
LEADERSHIP DECISION AND THEN YOU
TURN TO YOUR COMPUTER GUY AND
SAY MAKE IT HAPPEN. AND THAT
HAPPENS A LOT AND SO I THINK,
YOU KNOW, HAVING A GOOD
UNDERSTANDING OF TECHNOLOGY OF
WHERE IT'S USEFUL OR IT MAKES
SENSE, WHERE IT DOESN'T MAKE
SENSE IS REALLY, REALLY
IMPORTANT AND I THINK ONE OF THE
INITIATIVES THAT I'M REALLY
FOCUSED ON IS TRYING TO HELP
WHAT I CALL IMPROVE FLUENCY OF
COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY MOPS
AMONGST INCLUDING EXPERIMENTAL
SCIENTISTS.
I LED INFORMATICS AT THE BUCK
INSTITUTE DOING BASIC RESEARCH
OF AGING WHICH IS A BUNCH OF LAB
AND IS HELP WITH EXPERIMENTAL
LABORATORY MY WHOLE YEAR. I
UNDERSTAND THAT. THAT
ENVIRONMENT AND I UNDERSTAND THE
CHALLENGES WITH THAT. I THINK,
YOU KNOW, I DIDN'T GO THROUGH
THE LAST TWO SLIDES I HAD TO
SKIP OVER BUT ONE OF THE AREAS
OF PRIORITY FOR EXAMPLE IS
CONNECTING EXPERIMENTAL CORE
FACILITY TYPE SERVICES BETTER
USING TECHNOLOGY WITH THE
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHERS THAT
ARE GETTING ACCESS TO THAT SO IF
SOMEONE IS DOING GENOMICS OR
PROTEIN OR ANY OTHER PROTEOMIC
THINGS LIKE THAT THAT THEY
WOULD, THAT, YOU KNOW, WE HELP
SUPPORT KIND OF OPEN
TECHNOLOGIES TO ENABLE THEM TO
NOT HAVE TO REBUILD EVERY SINGLE
TIME THEY WANT TO BUILD A
SERVICE, AN AI TECHNOLOGY TO
HELP GET YOU THE DATA THAT YOU
NEED WHEN YOU LEVERAGE ONE OF
THOSE SERVICES. THAT'S JUST
KIND OF ONE EXAMPLE BUT THERE
ARE, YEAH, THERE ARE MANY. AND
I THINK WE HAVE A STRATEGY OF,
YOU KNOW, MAKING DATA FAIR FOR
EXAMPLE, THAT'S A VERY COMMONLY
USED TERM. FINDABLE,
ACCESSIBLE, INTEROPERABLE,
REUSABLE, UNDERNEATH THAT
THERE'S A LOT OF TECHNOLOGY THAT
NEEDS TO BE IN PLACE FOR THAT TO
WORK AND IF WE DON'T DO IT IN A
COORDINATED WAY IT'LL BE
INCREDIBLY EXPENSIVE AND WE'LL
HAVE I THINK LESS, YOU KNOW,
LESS RESOURCES WILL BE AVAILABLE
FOR EXAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCHERS OR ANY RESEARCHER TO
DO THE WORK THAT THEY NEED TO
DO.
>> THANK YOU, YEAH, I APPRECIATE
YOUR BACKGROUND AND AWARENESS IN
THAT. I JUST VISITED THE BUCK
CENTER LAST WEEK BUT I THINK
THIS ITERATIVE PROCESS FROM THE
DATA SCIENCE AND AI GOING BACK
AND FORTH BETWEEN EXPERIMENTS
IS, WILL BE HEALTHY AND
IMPORTANT.
>> AGREED. 100%.
>> ALL RIGHT. WELL, THANK YOU
VERY MUCH, AGAIN, SEAN, WE
REALLY APPRECIATE THAT,
ACTUALLY, REALLY, INTERESTING
FANTASTIC TALK. SO THANK YOU
FOR PRESENTING.
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.
>> THANK YOU, SEAN.
>> SO I THINK AT THIS POINT THAT
WILL CONCLUDE OUR 155TH NATIONAL
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON AGING SO
RICHARD, YOU WANT TO SAY SOME
FINAL WORDS?
>> RICHARD: THANK YOU EVERYONE
FOR PRODUCTIVE ACCELERATED BUT
REMOTE MEETING KEN IF WE DARE
SAY WE'RE LOOKING FORWARD TO
SEPTEMBER IN-PERSON.
>> THAT'S RIGHT. WE GOT OUR
APPROVAL TO TRAVEL SO WE CAN GET
YOU ALL HERE. SO WE'RE GOING TO
SET IT UP AND WE'LL SEE YOU ALL
IN SEPTEMBER. YES.
>> THANKS FOR THE CHANCE TO WORK
WITH YOU ALL IN THE MEANTIME.
>> THANK YOU.
>> BYE.
>> HAVE A GREAT DAY.
>> THANK YOU, BYE.
>> BYE.