1 00:00:06,005 --> 00:00:08,074 WELCOME, I'M JEFF RESNICK AT THE 2 00:00:08,074 --> 00:00:08,808 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE AND 3 00:00:08,808 --> 00:00:10,743 THE INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. THANK 4 00:00:10,743 --> 00:00:12,612 YOU FOR JOINING US TODAY AS WE 5 00:00:12,612 --> 00:00:15,047 CONTINUE OUR 2023 SERIES OF ALL 6 00:00:15,047 --> 00:00:17,783 VIRTUAL NLM HISTORY TALKS WITH 7 00:00:17,783 --> 00:00:20,853 THE SEVENTH ANNUAL LMN IN THE 8 00:00:20,853 --> 00:00:22,855 HISTORY OF MEDICINE. WE PROMOTE 9 00:00:22,855 --> 00:00:28,127 AWARENESS AND USE OF NLM AND 10 00:00:28,127 --> 00:00:30,229 RELATED RESEARCH. IN 11 00:00:30,229 --> 00:00:31,130 BIOMEDICINE T SOCIAL SCIENCES 12 00:00:31,130 --> 00:00:33,466 AND THE HUMANITIES. THE SERIES 13 00:00:33,466 --> 00:00:35,434 ALSO SUPPORTS THE COMMITMENT OF 14 00:00:35,434 --> 00:00:37,136 THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 15 00:00:37,136 --> 00:00:39,772 IN TWO WAYS. COMMITMENT TO 16 00:00:39,772 --> 00:00:41,907 RECOGNIZING THE DIVERSITY OF ITS 17 00:00:41,907 --> 00:00:44,543 COLLECTIONS WHICH SPAN TEN 18 00:00:44,543 --> 00:00:45,978 CENTURIES ENCOMPASS A RANGE OF 19 00:00:45,978 --> 00:00:47,780 DIGITAL FORMATS AND ORIGINATE 20 00:00:47,780 --> 00:00:49,982 FROM EVERY PART OF THE GLOBE 21 00:00:49,982 --> 00:00:51,150 THEY ALSO DEMONSTRATE THE 22 00:00:51,150 --> 00:00:52,818 COMMITMENT OF THE LIBRARY TO 23 00:00:52,818 --> 00:00:55,788 FOREGROUND, THE VOICES OF PEOPLE 24 00:00:55,788 --> 00:00:59,392 OF COLOR, WOMEN AND THOSE WHO 25 00:00:59,392 --> 00:01:00,559 VALUE CONNECTIONS AND USE THEM 26 00:01:00,559 --> 00:01:03,996 TO ANSWER VARY RESEARCH AND 27 00:01:03,996 --> 00:01:07,366 THEIR LEARNING WE SUPPLEMENT 28 00:01:07,366 --> 00:01:10,169 TALKS WITH SPEAKER INTERVIEWS 29 00:01:10,169 --> 00:01:13,539 LOCATED AT CIRCULATING NOW. 30 00:01:13,539 --> 00:01:15,408 I'LL ADD THAT NLM HISTORY TALKS 31 00:01:15,408 --> 00:01:16,976 ARE MADE POSSIBLE BY OUTSTANDING 32 00:01:16,976 --> 00:01:19,545 TEAM HERE AT THE NATIONAL 33 00:01:19,545 --> 00:01:21,814 LIBRARY OF MEDICINE AND AT THE 34 00:01:21,814 --> 00:01:22,448 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, 35 00:01:22,448 --> 00:01:23,382 VIDEO CASTING AND I WANT TO 36 00:01:23,382 --> 00:01:24,216 THANK EACH AND EVERY ONE OF MY 37 00:01:24,216 --> 00:01:25,685 COLLEAGUES FOR THEIR TIME AND 38 00:01:25,685 --> 00:01:27,420 THEIR TALENT IN BRINGING THIS 39 00:01:27,420 --> 00:01:30,022 PROGRAM TO YOU, THE PUBLIC. I 40 00:01:30,022 --> 00:01:31,490 ALSO WISH TO THANK THEM FOR 41 00:01:31,490 --> 00:01:33,826 HELPING ME ORCHESTRATE THE Q&A 42 00:01:33,826 --> 00:01:35,294 FOLLOWING TODAY'S TALK IN THIS 43 00:01:35,294 --> 00:01:36,529 REGARD I WOULD LIKE TO CALL YOUR 44 00:01:36,529 --> 00:01:38,497 ATTENTION TO THE LIVE FEEDBACK 45 00:01:38,497 --> 00:01:40,700 BUTTON UNDER THE VIDEO STREAM 46 00:01:40,700 --> 00:01:41,434 YOU ARE WATCHING. PLEASE USE 47 00:01:41,434 --> 00:01:42,802 THIS FEATURE TO SEND QUESTIONS 48 00:01:42,802 --> 00:01:45,304 TO ME WHICH I WILL THEN SHARE 49 00:01:45,304 --> 00:01:47,773 WITH OUR SPEAKER DURING THE Q&A. 50 00:01:47,773 --> 00:01:49,175 INDEED TODAY'S PROGRAM LIKE ALL 51 00:01:49,175 --> 00:01:51,310 OF OUR TALKS IS BEING 52 00:01:51,310 --> 00:01:52,378 LIVESTREAMED GLOBALLY AND IT 53 00:01:52,378 --> 00:01:54,914 WILL BE ARCHIVED BY NIH VIDEO 54 00:01:54,914 --> 00:01:56,949 CASTING FOR FREE ACCESS BY 55 00:01:56,949 --> 00:01:57,583 ANYONE ANYWHERE THIS ACCESS IS 56 00:01:57,583 --> 00:02:03,289 MADE POSSIBLE BY A YEN GENEROUS 57 00:02:03,289 --> 00:02:03,489 GIFT 58 00:02:03,489 --> 00:02:06,025 AND IT IS THAT GIFT IN WHICH 59 00:02:06,025 --> 00:02:08,694 19 -- 2016 HELPED OUR 60 00:02:08,694 --> 00:02:10,930 INSTITUTION TO ESTABLISH THE NLM 61 00:02:10,930 --> 00:02:12,365 MICHAEL FELLOWSHIP IN THE 62 00:02:12,365 --> 00:02:13,032 HISTORY OF MEDICINE. 63 00:02:13,032 --> 00:02:15,234 THE FELLOWSHIP PROVIDES UP TO 64 00:02:15,234 --> 00:02:16,569 10,000 DOLLARS TO SUPPORT 65 00:02:16,569 --> 00:02:18,270 RESEARCH IN THE HISTORICAL 66 00:02:18,270 --> 00:02:20,106 COLLECTIONS OF THE NLM WHICH 67 00:02:20,106 --> 00:02:23,309 INCLUDE THE PAPERS OF MICHAEL E. 68 00:02:23,309 --> 00:02:26,011 THESE PAPERS REFLECT DIVERSE 69 00:02:26,011 --> 00:02:28,848 AREAS IN WHICH HE MADE A LASTING 70 00:02:28,848 --> 00:02:31,250 IMPACT AS A LEGENDARY SURGEON 71 00:02:31,250 --> 00:02:33,252 AND STATESMAN FROM SURGERY TO 72 00:02:33,252 --> 00:02:34,453 MEDICAL EDUCATION, TO HEALTH 73 00:02:34,453 --> 00:02:37,056 CARE POLICY AND MUCH, MUCH MORE. 74 00:02:37,056 --> 00:02:38,691 WE ARE CURRENTLY ACCEPTING 75 00:02:38,691 --> 00:02:40,559 APPLICATIONS FOR THE 2024 CYCLE 76 00:02:40,559 --> 00:02:43,529 OF THE NLM PROGRAM. THE 77 00:02:43,529 --> 00:02:44,797 APPLICATION DEADLINE IS ACTUALLY 78 00:02:44,797 --> 00:02:47,199 NEXT FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 29TH, 79 00:02:47,199 --> 00:02:50,202 2023 AND IF YOU GOOGLE NLM 80 00:02:50,202 --> 00:02:51,771 FELLOWSHIP YOU WILL FIND THE 81 00:02:51,771 --> 00:02:55,274 APPLICATION DETAILS. THE GIFT 82 00:02:55,274 --> 00:02:58,277 OF THE DEBAKE CAN I FOUNDATION 83 00:02:58,277 --> 00:02:59,712 MAKES POSSIBLE THIS LECTURE 84 00:02:59,712 --> 00:03:01,580 SERIES. THE ANNUAL MICHAEL 85 00:03:01,580 --> 00:03:05,551 LECTURE IN THE HISTORY OF 86 00:03:05,551 --> 00:03:08,254 MEDICINE OFFERED BY A SELECTED 87 00:03:08,254 --> 00:03:09,455 FELLOW ON HIS OR HER COLLECTIONS 88 00:03:09,455 --> 00:03:12,558 OF THE NLM AND THIS YEAR IT'S MY 89 00:03:12,558 --> 00:03:14,560 PLEASURE AND PRIVILEGE TO 90 00:03:14,560 --> 00:03:16,495 WELCOME DR. KELLY O'DONNELL, 91 00:03:16,495 --> 00:03:18,030 VISITING PROFESSOR OF U.S. 92 00:03:18,030 --> 00:03:21,934 HISTORY AND A 2019 NLM MICHAEL 93 00:03:21,934 --> 00:03:23,335 FELLOW. A HISTORIAN OF MEDICINE 94 00:03:23,335 --> 00:03:27,773 AND GENDER IN THE UNITED STATES, 95 00:03:27,773 --> 00:03:29,141 DR. O'DONNELL'S RESEARCH FOCUSES 96 00:03:29,141 --> 00:03:31,577 ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, CONSUMER 97 00:03:31,577 --> 00:03:33,679 CULTURE AND HEALTH POLITICS, SHE 98 00:03:33,679 --> 00:03:34,980 RECEIVED HER PH.D. FROM THE 99 00:03:34,980 --> 00:03:36,549 PROGRAM IN THE HISTORY OF 100 00:03:36,549 --> 00:03:38,284 MEDICINE, IN THE HISTORY OF 101 00:03:38,284 --> 00:03:39,785 SCIENCE AND MEDICINE AT YALE 102 00:03:39,785 --> 00:03:41,387 UNIVERSITY. DR. O'DONNELL HAS 103 00:03:41,387 --> 00:03:43,122 PUBLISHED WIDELY ON THE HISTORY 104 00:03:43,122 --> 00:03:45,624 OF WOMEN'S HEALTH INCLUDING 105 00:03:45,624 --> 00:03:47,393 SEVERAL ARTICLES DRAWN FROM A 106 00:03:47,393 --> 00:03:49,361 DISSERTATION WHICH IS A 107 00:03:49,361 --> 00:03:51,030 BIOGRAPHY FROM AN ACTIVIST. ONE 108 00:03:51,030 --> 00:03:54,099 OF THOSE ARTICLES ONE THE 2022 109 00:03:54,099 --> 00:03:55,768 STANLEY JACKSON PRIZE FROM THE 110 00:03:55,768 --> 00:03:56,669 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF 111 00:03:56,669 --> 00:03:59,371 MEDICINE AND ALLIED SCIENCES. 112 00:03:59,371 --> 00:04:01,640 THAT WAS FOR BEST PARTICLED IS 113 00:04:01,640 --> 00:04:02,975 PUBLISHED FOR THE JOURNAL IN THE 114 00:04:02,975 --> 00:04:07,079 PRIX PRECEDING YEARS. 115 00:04:07,079 --> 00:04:09,682 SHE IS CURRENTLY WRITING A BOOK 116 00:04:09,682 --> 00:04:10,883 FROM THAT PROJECT FOCUSED ON 117 00:04:10,883 --> 00:04:12,985 DEBATES ABOUT THE BIRTH CONTROL 118 00:04:12,985 --> 00:04:23,395 BILL IN THE 1960-70 AND COED DID 119 00:04:23,395 --> 00:04:27,766 IT ED TWO SPECIAL ISSUES. ON 120 00:04:27,766 --> 00:04:29,134 THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. SHE 121 00:04:29,134 --> 00:04:31,871 HAS A HISTORY OF DOCTORS' WOOIFS 122 00:04:31,871 --> 00:04:33,439 IN THE UNITED STATES I WILL USE 123 00:04:33,439 --> 00:04:35,140 THE COMPLEX FIGURE OF THE 124 00:04:35,140 --> 00:04:37,042 PHYSICIAN'S WIFE AS A WINDOW 125 00:04:37,042 --> 00:04:38,744 INTO THE PRACTICE, REFORM, AND 126 00:04:38,744 --> 00:04:41,247 POPULAR RECEPTION OF AMERICAN 127 00:04:41,247 --> 00:04:43,115 MEDICINE. SO, DR. O'DONNELL, 128 00:04:43,115 --> 00:04:44,717 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR JOINING 129 00:04:44,717 --> 00:04:47,753 US TODAY, WE LOOK FORWARD TO 130 00:04:47,753 --> 00:04:49,255 YOUR TALK, MRS. MEDICINE 131 00:04:49,255 --> 00:04:51,557 DOCTOR'S WIVES AND THE MAKING OF 132 00:04:51,557 --> 00:04:53,392 MODERN AMERICAN HEALTH CARE. 133 00:04:53,392 --> 00:04:58,163 DR. O'DONNELL, OVER TO YOU. 134 00:04:58,163 --> 00:04:59,398 SNEL THANK YOU FOR THAT VERY 135 00:04:59,398 --> 00:05:01,033 WARM WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION. 136 00:05:01,033 --> 00:05:03,836 I'D LIKE TO GIVE THANKS TO THE 137 00:05:03,836 --> 00:05:04,570 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE AND 138 00:05:04,570 --> 00:05:06,705 ITS HISTORY OF MEDICINE DIVISION 139 00:05:06,705 --> 00:05:08,874 FOR MAKING THIS EVENT AND MY 140 00:05:08,874 --> 00:05:12,344 RESEARCH MORE BROADLY POSSIBLE. 141 00:05:12,344 --> 00:05:17,383 I GAINED A LOT FROM MY TIME 142 00:05:17,383 --> 00:05:19,818 SPENT AS A FELLOW. SO I'M 143 00:05:19,818 --> 00:05:21,554 REALLY GENUINELY HONORED TO BE 144 00:05:21,554 --> 00:05:25,090 HERE TO GIVE THIS YEAR'S 145 00:05:25,090 --> 00:05:26,258 LECTURE. AND FINALLY ALSO 146 00:05:26,258 --> 00:05:27,760 THANKS TO EVERYONE IN THE 147 00:05:27,760 --> 00:05:28,894 VIRTUAL AUDIENCE OUT THERE FOR 148 00:05:28,894 --> 00:05:31,397 TAKING THE TIME TO JOIN ME THIS 149 00:05:31,397 --> 00:05:32,231 AFTERNOON FROM WHEREVER YOU ARE 150 00:05:32,231 --> 00:05:34,466 ACROSS THE COUNTRY OR THE WORLD. 151 00:05:34,466 --> 00:05:37,002 I AM SO EXCITED TO SHARE SOME OF 152 00:05:37,002 --> 00:05:38,938 THIS RESEARCH WITH YOU TODAY. 153 00:05:38,938 --> 00:05:43,776 WHICH IS STILL ONGOING AND 154 00:05:43,776 --> 00:05:48,847 EVOLVING. BEFORE I GET TOO FAR 155 00:05:48,847 --> 00:05:50,349 INTO THE WEEDS ON WHAT I'VE BEEN 156 00:05:50,349 --> 00:05:52,184 WORKING ON AND OTHER RESOURCES I 157 00:05:52,184 --> 00:05:53,586 WOULD LIKE TO START OFF BY 158 00:05:53,586 --> 00:05:56,689 TALKING ABOUT ONE PERSON IN 159 00:05:56,689 --> 00:06:00,926 PARTICULAR. AND THAT IS DIANA 160 00:06:00,926 --> 00:06:03,896 COOPER DEBAKE CAN I. FIRST WIFE 161 00:06:03,896 --> 00:06:05,731 OF MICHAEL DEBAKE CAN I. THIS 162 00:06:05,731 --> 00:06:11,370 IS A DEBAKE CAN I LECTURE AFTER 163 00:06:11,370 --> 00:06:17,443 ALL. PERHAPS I TOOK THAT TOO 164 00:06:17,443 --> 00:06:19,845 LITERALLY. A JOURNALIST 165 00:06:19,845 --> 00:06:22,448 INTERVIEWED HER FOR AN UPCOMING 166 00:06:22,448 --> 00:06:23,949 PROFILE THAT WAS ORIGINALLY 167 00:06:23,949 --> 00:06:26,652 TITLED A SURGEON'S WIFE THE 168 00:06:26,652 --> 00:06:28,487 FINAL TITLE WAS THE SPECIAL 169 00:06:28,487 --> 00:06:29,855 CHALLENGE OF BEING THE SURGEON'S 170 00:06:29,855 --> 00:06:31,790 WIFE AND THE PORTRAIT PAINTED 171 00:06:31,790 --> 00:06:35,060 WITHIN THIS ARTICLE WAS 172 00:06:35,060 --> 00:06:37,262 DEFINITELY ONE OF OBSTACLES TO 173 00:06:37,262 --> 00:06:38,931 BE CONTINUALLY OVERCOMEPAINTED 174 00:06:38,931 --> 00:06:39,565 DEFINITELY ONE OF OBSTACLES TO 175 00:06:39,565 --> 00:06:40,199 BE CONTINUALLY OVERCOME IN HER 176 00:06:40,199 --> 00:06:43,736 GMARRIAGE AND LIFE DUE TO THE 177 00:06:43,736 --> 00:06:45,904 MEDICAL PROFESSION AND CONTINUAL 178 00:06:45,904 --> 00:06:47,773 DEMANDS ON HER HUSBAND AND THEIR 179 00:06:47,773 --> 00:06:49,475 MARRIAGE. THE ARTICLE BEGAN AS 180 00:06:49,475 --> 00:06:50,609 YOU SEE DOWN THERE, LIVING WITH 181 00:06:50,609 --> 00:06:53,379 AND LOVING A MAN AS DEDICATED AS 182 00:06:53,379 --> 00:07:03,922 HEART SURGEON MICHAEL DE DEMANDS 183 00:07:04,990 --> 00:07:06,825 EXTRAORDINARY YOU HAVE TONESS. 184 00:07:06,825 --> 00:07:08,293 OVER THE COURSE OF NEARLY FIVE 185 00:07:08,293 --> 00:07:11,397 PAGES THE ARTICLE CHRONICLED THE 186 00:07:11,397 --> 00:07:12,031 DAY-TO-DAY LIFE OF THE WIFE OF 187 00:07:12,031 --> 00:07:14,400 THIS ACCLAIMED DOCTOR. FOCUSING 188 00:07:14,400 --> 00:07:17,369 ON THE SACRIFICES HE MADE AND 189 00:07:17,369 --> 00:07:18,671 THE LONELINESS THAT SHE 190 00:07:18,671 --> 00:07:21,106 SOMETIMES FACED BUT ALSO 191 00:07:21,106 --> 00:07:22,541 ULTIMATELY ON HER DEDICATION AND 192 00:07:22,541 --> 00:07:26,779 HER PRIDE IN HER HUSBAND. AND 193 00:07:26,779 --> 00:07:27,513 THEIRLONELINESS THAT SHE SOMETI 194 00:07:27,513 --> 00:07:28,147 FACED BUT ALSO ULTIMATELY ON HER 195 00:07:28,147 --> 00:07:28,781 DEDICATION AND HER PRIDE IN HER 196 00:07:28,781 --> 00:07:29,448 HUSBAND. AND THEIR MARRIAGE. 197 00:07:29,448 --> 00:07:31,183 THE ARTICLE DEPICTED SOME OF THE 198 00:07:31,183 --> 00:07:33,152 BIGGEST CHALLENGES AS INCLUDING 199 00:07:33,152 --> 00:07:34,753 THE RELATIVE ABSENCE OF 200 00:07:34,753 --> 00:07:37,723 DR. DEBAKEY FROM HIS HOME LIFE. 201 00:07:37,723 --> 00:07:39,692 TO BECOME THE SUCCESSFUL AND 202 00:07:39,692 --> 00:07:43,295 FAMOUS SURGEON THAT HE WAS, HE 203 00:07:43,295 --> 00:07:45,364 SPENT MOST OF HIS TIME AT THE 204 00:07:45,364 --> 00:07:47,933 HOSPITAL AND OUT AT WORK. HE 205 00:07:47,933 --> 00:07:50,903 WOULD LEAVE THE HOUSE AT 4:30 IN 206 00:07:50,903 --> 00:07:51,804 THE MORNING AND NOT RETURN UNTIL 207 00:07:51,804 --> 00:07:56,775 9 OR 10 P.M. OR SOMETIMES LATER 208 00:07:56,775 --> 00:07:59,378 WHEN HOE WASN'T PERFORMING 209 00:07:59,378 --> 00:08:01,180 SURGERIES OR TEACHING HE WAS 210 00:08:01,180 --> 00:08:03,182 WRITING OR TRAVELLING 211 00:08:03,182 --> 00:08:03,982 EXTENSIVELY FOR HIS WORK. 212 00:08:03,982 --> 00:08:06,085 SOMETIMES SHE JOINED HIM. SHE 213 00:08:06,085 --> 00:08:07,052 EVEN SHARED WITH THE JOURNALIST 214 00:08:07,052 --> 00:08:08,821 HER STRATEGIES FOR CONVINCING 215 00:08:08,821 --> 00:08:11,390 HER HUSBAND TO EAT SOME FOOD, 216 00:08:11,390 --> 00:08:13,959 ESPECIALLY VEGETABLES, OTHER 217 00:08:13,959 --> 00:08:16,161 THAN THE JUST A SMALL CUP OF 218 00:08:16,161 --> 00:08:17,596 SOUP THAT HE'D REQUEST WHEN HE'D 219 00:08:17,596 --> 00:08:20,265 COME HOME EXHAUSTED LATE AT 220 00:08:20,265 --> 00:08:22,768 NIGHT. MOST NIGHTS MR. DEBAKEY 221 00:08:22,768 --> 00:08:24,169 COULD BE FOUND AT HOME ALONE 222 00:08:24,169 --> 00:08:26,004 WITH A GOOD BOOK OR IN THE 223 00:08:26,004 --> 00:08:27,773 COMPANY OF HER TELEVISION SET AS 224 00:08:27,773 --> 00:08:32,978 THE ARTICLE DESCRIBED. A 225 00:08:32,978 --> 00:08:34,246 TYPICAL DAY FOR HER COULD 226 00:08:34,246 --> 00:08:36,048 INCLUDE KEEPING UP WITH HER 227 00:08:36,048 --> 00:08:37,750 CORRESPONDENCE, MAINTAINING HER 228 00:08:37,750 --> 00:08:38,584 INTENSE VOLUNTEERING SCHEDULE 229 00:08:38,584 --> 00:08:41,854 WHICH INCLUDED TIME SPENT AT THE 230 00:08:41,854 --> 00:08:43,088 HOSPITAL AND SOMETIMES SERVING 231 00:08:43,088 --> 00:08:47,960 AS A HOSTESS. SOMETIMES 232 00:08:47,960 --> 00:08:48,961 SPONTANEOUSLY WHEN HER HUSBAND 233 00:08:48,961 --> 00:08:50,496 WOULD INVITE PEOPLE FOR DINNER 234 00:08:50,496 --> 00:08:52,431 WITHOUT ADVANCED NOTICE OR FOR 235 00:08:52,431 --> 00:08:55,501 MORE PEOPLE EXPECTED TO INVITE 236 00:08:55,501 --> 00:08:56,568 AS HE WOULD WANT TO DO SOMETIMES 237 00:08:56,568 --> 00:08:59,204 AS YOU CAN SEE IN ONE OF THE 238 00:08:59,204 --> 00:09:02,207 CLIPPINGS THERE. EVEN MORE 239 00:09:02,207 --> 00:09:03,075 TIME-CONSUMING THE ARTICLE 240 00:09:03,075 --> 00:09:06,211 EXPLAINED WAS "WITH THE BAILER 241 00:09:06,211 --> 00:09:07,479 FACULTY WIVES MANY OF WHOM LIVE 242 00:09:07,479 --> 00:09:10,816 A MODIFIED VERSION OF THE SAME 243 00:09:10,816 --> 00:09:12,184 LARGELY HUSBANDLESS LIFE THAT 244 00:09:12,184 --> 00:09:14,019 SHE HAS " SO THIS KIND OF 245 00:09:14,019 --> 00:09:16,488 VOLUNTEERING INCLUDED THINGS 246 00:09:16,488 --> 00:09:17,956 LIKE HOLDING BOOK DISCUSSIONS. 247 00:09:17,956 --> 00:09:19,391 AND SOCIALIZING BUT PRIMARILY AS 248 00:09:19,391 --> 00:09:22,995 THE AUTHOR PUT IT, MAKING LIFE 249 00:09:22,995 --> 00:09:25,063 MORE ENDURABLE. FOR MARRIED 250 00:09:25,063 --> 00:09:27,766 HOSPITAL RESIDENTS MANY OF WHOM 251 00:09:27,766 --> 00:09:29,701 ARE FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND 252 00:09:29,701 --> 00:09:35,140 FOR THE FAMILIES OF NEW MEMBERS. 253 00:09:35,140 --> 00:09:38,043 TRAGICALLY, DIANA DEBAKEY DIED 254 00:09:38,043 --> 00:09:41,113 UNEXPECTEDLY OF HEART FAILURE 255 00:09:41,113 --> 00:09:42,781 JUST BEFORE THIS ISSUE OF 256 00:09:42,781 --> 00:09:44,583 TODAY'S PRESS -- OR TODAY OOET 257 00:09:44,583 --> 00:09:46,151 HEALTH WAS GOING TO PRESS. YOU 258 00:09:46,151 --> 00:09:49,621 CAN SEE THE NOTE AT THE BOTTOM. 259 00:09:49,621 --> 00:09:51,523 OF THE ARTICLE ITSELF THE 260 00:09:51,523 --> 00:09:53,192 FOLLOWING RESIGNED AND HOPEFUL 261 00:09:53,192 --> 00:09:56,628 EXCHANGE UP ON THE SCREEN. 262 00:09:56,628 --> 00:09:59,498 AS SHE BEGAN TO PREPARE HER 263 00:09:59,498 --> 00:10:01,767 HUSBAND'S DINNER I ASKED HIGH 264 00:10:01,767 --> 00:10:03,569 SHE MANAGED TO REMAIN NOT ONLY 265 00:10:03,569 --> 00:10:07,506 STABLE BUT HAPPY UNDER THE 266 00:10:07,506 --> 00:10:10,676 STRESS OF ALMOST CONTINUOUS 267 00:10:10,676 --> 00:10:12,644 SEPARATION DID SHE LIKE LIFE 268 00:10:12,644 --> 00:10:15,314 THAT WAY? NO, NO, I DON'T. I'D 269 00:10:15,314 --> 00:10:17,382 CHANGE IT TOMORROW IF I COULD 270 00:10:17,382 --> 00:10:19,151 BUT I LOVE MY HUSBAND VERY MUCH 271 00:10:19,151 --> 00:10:19,918 I THINK HE'S THE GREATEST 272 00:10:19,918 --> 00:10:22,187 SURGEON IN THE WORLD, A TRUE 273 00:10:22,187 --> 00:10:24,122 GENIUS, NO MATTER WHAT HAPPENS, 274 00:10:24,122 --> 00:10:25,858 HE'S GOING TO STICK TO IT AND DO 275 00:10:25,858 --> 00:10:27,860 THE BEST HE CAN. SO I THINK I 276 00:10:27,860 --> 00:10:31,663 HAVE TO GO ALONG AND DO THE BEST 277 00:10:31,663 --> 00:10:40,138 I CAN. I'VE BEEN REALLY IF 278 00:10:40,138 --> 00:10:41,306 FASCINATED BY DOCTOR'S WIVES FOR 279 00:10:41,306 --> 00:10:43,775 MANY YEARS NOW FOR MY 280 00:10:43,775 --> 00:10:47,379 DISSERTATION I WROTE AS JEFF 281 00:10:47,379 --> 00:10:49,748 EXPLAINED A BIOGRAPHY OF THE 282 00:10:49,748 --> 00:10:52,084 JOURNALIST BARBARA SEAMAN WHO 283 00:10:52,084 --> 00:10:54,052 WAS MARRIED TO A PSYCHIATRIST. 284 00:10:54,052 --> 00:10:55,454 BEFORE SHE WROTE HER FIRST BOOK 285 00:10:55,454 --> 00:10:57,556 SHE GOT HER START IN JOURNALISM 286 00:10:57,556 --> 00:11:00,392 BY COAUTHORING TOP PSYCHOLOGY 287 00:11:00,392 --> 00:11:02,361 ARTICLES WITH HER HUSBAND 288 00:11:02,361 --> 00:11:06,265 GIDEON. THEY HAD A SYNDICATED 289 00:11:06,265 --> 00:11:07,366 ADVICE COLUMN TOGETHER AND 290 00:11:07,366 --> 00:11:09,635 NEWSPAPERS AT ONE POINT IN THE 291 00:11:09,635 --> 00:11:14,973 70S AND COAUTHORED HER THIRD 292 00:11:14,973 --> 00:11:16,475 BOOK. THERE WERE JUST A LOT OF 293 00:11:16,475 --> 00:11:18,343 WAYS THAT I NOTICED PARTICULARLY 294 00:11:18,343 --> 00:11:20,646 IN HER EARLY CAREER THAT SHE LEV 295 00:11:20,646 --> 00:11:24,316 RAMMING -- LEVERAGED HER 296 00:11:24,316 --> 00:11:25,918 POSITION AS A DOCTOR'S WIFE THAT 297 00:11:25,918 --> 00:11:29,388 I JUST COULDN'T IGNORE THE 298 00:11:29,388 --> 00:11:34,559 TOPIC. IT ALSO RAISED SOME 299 00:11:34,559 --> 00:11:35,394 PRETTY BASIC QUESTIONS AND SOME 300 00:11:35,394 --> 00:11:37,229 PRETTY BIG QUESTIONS FOR ME. 301 00:11:37,229 --> 00:11:38,931 WHAT DID IT MEAN TO BE A 302 00:11:38,931 --> 00:11:40,532 DOCTOR'S WIFE? SOCIALLY, AND 303 00:11:40,532 --> 00:11:43,769 CULTURALLY AND HISTORICALLY? 304 00:11:43,769 --> 00:11:46,471 HOW DID THAT CHANGE OVER TIME? 305 00:11:46,471 --> 00:11:49,007 AND WHAT CAN THESE WOMEN TELL US 306 00:11:49,007 --> 00:11:50,342 ABOUT THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE? 307 00:11:50,342 --> 00:11:54,579 IF WE GO LOOKING FOR THEM IN THE 308 00:11:54,579 --> 00:11:58,216 ARCHIVE? BUT FIRST, WHAT DO I 309 00:11:58,216 --> 00:12:01,320 MEAN EXACTLY BY DOCTOR'S WIFE? 310 00:12:01,320 --> 00:12:02,888 LET ME JUST CLARIFY WHO THIS 311 00:12:02,888 --> 00:12:06,425 COULD BE A LITTLE BIT AND WHAT 312 00:12:06,425 --> 00:12:10,362 THEIR IDENTITIES COULD COMPRISE. 313 00:12:10,362 --> 00:12:14,933 IN MY MIND I KIND OF LUMP 314 00:12:14,933 --> 00:12:15,834 DIFFERENT TYPES OF DOCTOR'S 315 00:12:15,834 --> 00:12:17,703 WIVES TOGETHER INTO THREE MAIN 316 00:12:17,703 --> 00:12:18,737 CATEGORIES. PHYSICIANS MARRIED 317 00:12:18,737 --> 00:12:23,408 TO OTHER PHYSICIANS. SO WOMEN 318 00:12:23,408 --> 00:12:28,447 DOCTORS. NURSES AND EVERYONE 319 00:12:28,447 --> 00:12:30,716 ELSE ALTHOUGH HISTORICALLY THERE 320 00:12:30,716 --> 00:12:31,917 WERE RELATIVELY VERY FEW WOMEN 321 00:12:31,917 --> 00:12:34,052 DOCTORS AND MANY OF THE EARLIEST 322 00:12:34,052 --> 00:12:36,989 FEMALE M.D.S IN THE 19TH CENTURY 323 00:12:36,989 --> 00:12:38,991 DID TEND TO REMAIN SINGLE I 324 00:12:38,991 --> 00:12:41,126 FOUND THAT WOMEN PHYSICIANS DID 325 00:12:41,126 --> 00:12:43,228 TEND TO DISPROPORTIONATELY MARRY 326 00:12:43,228 --> 00:12:45,197 OTHER PHYSICIANS. IF YOU LOOK, 327 00:12:45,197 --> 00:12:47,399 FOR EXAMPLE, THROUGH THE ALUMNI 328 00:12:47,399 --> 00:12:49,001 FILES OF WOMEN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE 329 00:12:49,001 --> 00:12:51,703 IN PENNSYLVANIA WHICH I'VE DONE 330 00:12:51,703 --> 00:12:53,438 THE NUMBERS DO SEEM PRETTY 331 00:12:53,438 --> 00:12:56,408 SKEWED IN THIS DIRECTION OF 332 00:12:56,408 --> 00:12:57,876 MARRYING OTHER PHYSICIANS. 333 00:12:57,876 --> 00:13:00,712 ON THE OTHER HAND, IT ALSO SEEMS 334 00:13:00,712 --> 00:13:02,981 THAT MALE PHYSICIANS DID TEND TO 335 00:13:02,981 --> 00:13:05,017 SEEK OUT NURSES AS WIVES IN 336 00:13:05,017 --> 00:13:07,686 PRETTY LARGE NUMBERS. SO 337 00:13:07,686 --> 00:13:09,921 DOCTOR/NURSE MARRIAGES WERE 338 00:13:09,921 --> 00:13:12,591 HISTORICALLY VERY COMMON. WOMEN 339 00:13:12,591 --> 00:13:13,725 IN THESE DUAL MEDICAL MARRIAGES 340 00:13:13,725 --> 00:13:16,495 WHETHER THEY WERE DOCTORS OR 341 00:13:16,495 --> 00:13:17,863 NURSES THEMSELVES, VARIED IN THE 342 00:13:17,863 --> 00:13:18,730 AMOUNT OF PROFESSIONAL 343 00:13:18,730 --> 00:13:21,666 ENGAGEMENT THAT THEY RETAINED 344 00:13:21,666 --> 00:13:23,769 AFTER BECOMING MARRIED. IN BOTH 345 00:13:23,769 --> 00:13:27,272 CASES, WOMEN TENDED TO NOT 346 00:13:27,272 --> 00:13:29,674 CONTINUE WORKING ESPECIALLY NOT 347 00:13:29,674 --> 00:13:31,676 FULL-TIME AFTER A MARRIAGE UNTIL 348 00:13:31,676 --> 00:13:36,114 AFTER REALLY THE 1970S. THEY 349 00:13:36,114 --> 00:13:37,883 DROPPED DOWN TO PART-TIME WORK 350 00:13:37,883 --> 00:13:39,551 IF ANY AT ALL AND BECAME 351 00:13:39,551 --> 00:13:41,153 FULL-TIME HOUSE WIVES AND 352 00:13:41,153 --> 00:13:42,454 MOTHERS. I'M TAKING THE TIME TO 353 00:13:42,454 --> 00:13:44,156 POINT THIS OUT BECAUSE IT COULD 354 00:13:44,156 --> 00:13:46,091 EXPLAIN SOME OF THE UNUSUALLY 355 00:13:46,091 --> 00:13:48,460 HIGH LEVEL OF ENGAGEMENT AND 356 00:13:48,460 --> 00:13:51,496 PARTICIPATION IN THEIR HUSBAND'S 357 00:13:51,496 --> 00:13:53,131 PROFESSIONAL LIVES RELATIVE TO 358 00:13:53,131 --> 00:13:55,767 OTHER SECTORS OF EMPLOYMENT BUT 359 00:13:55,767 --> 00:13:59,404 I DON'T REALLY SEE WOMEN'S 360 00:13:59,404 --> 00:13:59,938 INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONAL 361 00:13:59,938 --> 00:14:01,473 EXPERTISE BEING TOO MUCH OF AN 362 00:14:01,473 --> 00:14:03,809 INFLUENCE IN THIS STORY. 363 00:14:03,809 --> 00:14:07,712 BECAUSE IN MY FINAL GROUP, OTHER 364 00:14:07,712 --> 00:14:10,148 OR EVERYONE ELSE, THIS 365 00:14:10,148 --> 00:14:11,083 ENCOMPASSES BASICALLY ANYONE WHO 366 00:14:11,083 --> 00:14:13,351 DIDN'T RECEIVE ANY TYPE OF 367 00:14:13,351 --> 00:14:16,088 MEDICAL TRAINING. IF THEY HAD 368 00:14:16,088 --> 00:14:17,422 AN INDEPENDENT CAREER THE WOMEN 369 00:14:17,422 --> 00:14:19,658 OF THE OTHER GROUP WERE OFTEN 370 00:14:19,658 --> 00:14:22,494 TEACHERS OR SOMETHING TO THAT 371 00:14:22,494 --> 00:14:26,565 EFFECT. BEFORE PURSUING 372 00:14:26,565 --> 00:14:34,506 WIFEHOOD AND MOTHERHOOD. THIS 373 00:14:34,506 --> 00:14:35,307 CATEGORY BECAME A DISTINCT 374 00:14:35,307 --> 00:14:37,209 SOCIALITE OF THE DOCTOR'S WIFE 375 00:14:37,209 --> 00:14:38,944 IN GENERAL THAT CONVEYED ITS OWN 376 00:14:38,944 --> 00:14:43,381 SORT OF EXPERTISE OVER TIME IT 377 00:14:43,381 --> 00:14:45,517 WAS ALSO EXTREMELY RARE FOR ANY 378 00:14:45,517 --> 00:14:47,319 DOCTOR'S WIFE TO EVER REFER TO 379 00:14:47,319 --> 00:14:50,355 THEIR OWN EXPERTISE OR 380 00:14:50,355 --> 00:14:51,156 EXPERIENCE INDEPENDENTLY IF IT 381 00:14:51,156 --> 00:14:53,325 EXISTED LIKE, FOR EXAMPLE, 382 00:14:53,325 --> 00:14:56,695 HAVING BEEN A NURSE. THE 383 00:14:56,695 --> 00:14:58,864 IDENTITY OF THE DOCTOR'S WIFE 384 00:14:58,864 --> 00:15:00,432 DEFINITELY FOR A VERY LONG TIME 385 00:15:00,432 --> 00:15:01,600 SEEMED TO TRUMP THAT OF FORMER 386 00:15:01,600 --> 00:15:02,801 NURSE OR SOMETIMES PHYSICIAN IN 387 00:15:02,801 --> 00:15:05,971 HER OWN RIGHT? PUBLIC SPACES 388 00:15:05,971 --> 00:15:10,742 LIKE MEDICAL AUXILIARIES OR IN 389 00:15:10,742 --> 00:15:17,415 THE MEDIA. I AM CONVINCED THAT 390 00:15:17,415 --> 00:15:19,584 IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE 391 00:15:19,584 --> 00:15:20,552 HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN MEDICINE 392 00:15:20,552 --> 00:15:24,356 MORE FULLY, YOU HAVE TO 393 00:15:24,356 --> 00:15:25,991 ACKNOWLEDGE THE PEOPLE WHO WERE 394 00:15:25,991 --> 00:15:27,092 STANDINGS THERE NEXT TO THE 395 00:15:27,092 --> 00:15:29,027 DOCTORS WHILE THEY'RE LIVING 396 00:15:29,027 --> 00:15:30,028 THEIR LIVES AND HAVING THEIR 397 00:15:30,028 --> 00:15:31,329 PHYSICIAN CAREERS, THE WOMEN WHO 398 00:15:31,329 --> 00:15:35,467 HAVE BEEN LARGELY IGNORED BY 399 00:15:35,467 --> 00:15:37,302 HISTORIANS IN FAVOR OF OTHER 400 00:15:37,302 --> 00:15:38,570 WOMEN WITH INDEPENDENT CAREERS 401 00:15:38,570 --> 00:15:41,506 OF THEIR OWN LIKE NURSES OR 402 00:15:41,506 --> 00:15:43,775 WOMEN PHYSICIANS. WHO HAVE 403 00:15:43,775 --> 00:15:47,479 RECEIVED SOME DECENT AMOUNT OF 404 00:15:47,479 --> 00:15:49,915 ATTENTION BUT MY NEXT PROJECT IS 405 00:15:49,915 --> 00:15:51,249 TO WRITE WHAT I BELIEVE WILL BE 406 00:15:51,249 --> 00:15:53,451 THE FIRST COMPREHENSIVE HISTORY 407 00:15:53,451 --> 00:15:56,688 GIVING THIS POPULATION ITS DUE. 408 00:15:56,688 --> 00:16:02,994 AND DIANA DEBAKEY FOR THE RECORD 409 00:16:02,994 --> 00:16:08,233 HAD WORKED IN NURSING. GIVEN MY 410 00:16:08,233 --> 00:16:09,467 SECONDARY INTEREST IN THE 411 00:16:09,467 --> 00:16:13,038 HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY I 412 00:16:13,038 --> 00:16:17,242 ALSO TEND TO VIEW THE DOCTOR'S 413 00:16:17,242 --> 00:16:18,677 WIFE AS A HISTORICAL INSTRUMENT. 414 00:16:18,677 --> 00:16:21,279 I THINK THERE'S A LOT TO BE SAID 415 00:16:21,279 --> 00:16:23,181 ABOUT THE PROFESSIONAL UTILITY 416 00:16:23,181 --> 00:16:27,419 OF A SPOUSE. WE CAN ASK WHAT A 417 00:16:27,419 --> 00:16:29,221 WIFE CAN DO FOR AN INDIVIDUAL 418 00:16:29,221 --> 00:16:31,489 PRACTITIONER OR FOR THE 419 00:16:31,489 --> 00:16:33,525 PROFESSION AS A WHOLE. IN TERMS 420 00:16:33,525 --> 00:16:35,760 OF LABOR AND INSTITUTION 421 00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:38,129 BUILDING. THE DOCTOR'S WIFE CAN 422 00:16:38,129 --> 00:16:40,599 ALSO BE IN ANOTHER WAY, A 423 00:16:40,599 --> 00:16:44,436 BAROMETER OR A THERMOMETER FOR 424 00:16:44,436 --> 00:16:46,638 TRACKING SCHIFF'S OVER TIME IN 425 00:16:46,638 --> 00:16:48,340 THE MEDICAL PROFESSION GIVING US 426 00:16:48,340 --> 00:16:50,308 A NEW MEASUREMENT OF SOME VERY 427 00:16:50,308 --> 00:16:58,250 BIG IDEAS, HISTORICALLY. FOR 428 00:16:58,250 --> 00:17:01,886 ONE EASY EXAMPLE OF THAT. WHAT 429 00:17:01,886 --> 00:17:03,455 BETTER WAY TO GAUGE THE CULTURAL 430 00:17:03,455 --> 00:17:04,889 AUTHORITY OF A PROFESSION OVER 431 00:17:04,889 --> 00:17:06,391 TIME THAN BY SEEING HOW 432 00:17:06,391 --> 00:17:08,460 ATTRACTIVE ITS MEMBERS WERE OR 433 00:17:08,460 --> 00:17:11,296 WERE NOT IN TERMS OF REMANS IN 434 00:17:11,296 --> 00:17:13,031 THE MARRIAGE MARKET VIEWING 435 00:17:13,031 --> 00:17:15,033 PHYSICIANS AS ROMANTIC INTERESTS 436 00:17:15,033 --> 00:17:16,501 AND ESPECIALLY AS DESIRABLE 437 00:17:16,501 --> 00:17:18,003 SPOUSES HAS BEEN A PRETTY 438 00:17:18,003 --> 00:17:20,338 CONSISTENT THEME IN AMERICAN 439 00:17:20,338 --> 00:17:23,508 CULTURE SINCE AT LEAST THE 1930S 440 00:17:23,508 --> 00:17:25,810 IF NOT BEFORE THEN AND I'M SURE 441 00:17:25,810 --> 00:17:27,946 MANY OF YOU CAN THINK OF QUITE A 442 00:17:27,946 --> 00:17:29,514 FEW EXAMPLES FROM TELEVISION OR 443 00:17:29,514 --> 00:17:31,650 THE MOVIES WHERE A YOUNG 444 00:17:31,650 --> 00:17:35,186 DOCTOR'S PRESENTED TO A FEMALE 445 00:17:35,186 --> 00:17:39,457 PROTAGONIST AS A CATCH, OFTEN 446 00:17:39,457 --> 00:17:43,762 ESPECIALLY SURGEONS. STARTING 447 00:17:43,762 --> 00:17:47,899 AROUND THE 70S THOUGH, THERE IS 448 00:17:47,899 --> 00:17:50,335 SUDDENLY ALL KINDS OF REPORTS 449 00:17:50,335 --> 00:17:51,269 ABOUT HOW ABSOLUTELY MISERABLE 450 00:17:51,269 --> 00:17:55,540 IT COULD BE TO BE MARRIED TO A 451 00:17:55,540 --> 00:17:57,475 DOCTOR. WORDS LIKE CHALLENGES 452 00:17:57,475 --> 00:17:59,210 AND STRUGGLE START TO APPEAR 453 00:17:59,210 --> 00:18:02,147 MORE ALONG WITH CONCERNS ABOUT 454 00:18:02,147 --> 00:18:05,250 LONELINESS AND A SEPARATION THAT 455 00:18:05,250 --> 00:18:07,786 IS PROLONGED ESPECIALLY IN 456 00:18:07,786 --> 00:18:09,921 HOSPITAL BASED PRACTICE THAT 457 00:18:09,921 --> 00:18:11,556 NECESSARILY BEGAN TO ENTAIL MORE 458 00:18:11,556 --> 00:18:14,492 AND MORE OFTEN. HER PROFILE IN 459 00:18:14,492 --> 00:18:15,660 TODAY'S HEALTH IS JUST ONE 460 00:18:15,660 --> 00:18:19,564 EXAMPLE OF WHAT I THINK IS A 461 00:18:19,564 --> 00:18:21,833 CLEAR TONAL SHIFT. 462 00:18:21,833 --> 00:18:23,768 SO IT'S PRETTY CLEAR THAT WE SEE 463 00:18:23,768 --> 00:18:25,770 OVER THE COURSE OF THE 20TH 464 00:18:25,770 --> 00:18:27,939 CENTURY SORT OF HOME HOSPITAL 465 00:18:27,939 --> 00:18:29,174 TRANSITION. IMPACTING MARRIAGES 466 00:18:29,174 --> 00:18:37,582 AND FAMILIES OF THE PROFESSION. 467 00:18:37,582 --> 00:18:40,118 I'M ALSO LOOKING AT PRETTY LONG 468 00:18:40,118 --> 00:18:41,486 TIMEFRAME WITH MY STUDY BECAUSE 469 00:18:41,486 --> 00:18:44,689 I WANT TO CAPTURE SOME LONGER 470 00:18:44,689 --> 00:18:46,424 TERM PROFESSIONAL TRENDS AND BIG 471 00:18:46,424 --> 00:18:49,861 CULTURAL SHIFTS. SO I AM 472 00:18:49,861 --> 00:18:50,595 PLANNING TO START AROUND THE 473 00:18:50,595 --> 00:18:54,432 FOUNDING OF THE AMA WHICH IS IN 474 00:18:54,432 --> 00:18:56,701 THE 1840S AND I'LL PROBABLY END 475 00:18:56,701 --> 00:18:59,070 AT SOME POINT IN THE 90S WHICH 476 00:18:59,070 --> 00:19:02,507 IS AFTER THE AMA WOMEN'S 477 00:19:02,507 --> 00:19:03,808 AUXILIARY WHICH WAS FOUNDED IN 478 00:19:03,808 --> 00:19:06,644 THE 20S EVOLVED INTO WHAT IS 479 00:19:06,644 --> 00:19:07,746 KNOWN AS THE AMA ALLIANCE SO 480 00:19:07,746 --> 00:19:11,216 THIS IS A BROADER NONGENDERED 481 00:19:11,216 --> 00:19:14,519 GROUP NAME THAT IS MEANT TO BE 482 00:19:14,519 --> 00:19:16,287 MORE INCLUSIVE OF DIFFERENT TYPE 483 00:19:16,287 --> 00:19:17,956 OF PHYSICIAN FAMILIES CLEARLY 484 00:19:17,956 --> 00:19:19,324 REFLECTING SOME BIG CHANGES BOTH 485 00:19:19,324 --> 00:19:21,726 IN MEDICINE AND ITS DEMOGRAPHIC 486 00:19:21,726 --> 00:19:25,263 COMPOSITIONS AND IN THE FAMILY 487 00:19:25,263 --> 00:19:30,702 OVER TIME. AND THAT IS REALLY 488 00:19:30,702 --> 00:19:31,770 WHERE I'D LIKE TO SPEND THE REST 489 00:19:31,770 --> 00:19:34,205 OF MY TIME HERE WITH YOU TODAY. 490 00:19:34,205 --> 00:19:36,074 FOCUSING ON THE WOMEN'S MEDICAL 491 00:19:36,074 --> 00:19:38,376 AUXILIARY AS AN INSTITUTION 492 00:19:38,376 --> 00:19:43,281 WORTHY OF HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 493 00:19:43,281 --> 00:19:45,683 NOT ALL DOCTORS WIVES OF COURSE 494 00:19:45,683 --> 00:19:47,452 WOULD HAVE JOINED A GROUP LIKE 495 00:19:47,452 --> 00:19:51,022 THIS BUT THERE WERE MANY SUCH 496 00:19:51,022 --> 00:19:52,056 GROUPS. IT'S ALSO I FOUND 497 00:19:52,056 --> 00:19:54,759 REALLY THE EASIEST STARTING 498 00:19:54,759 --> 00:19:59,097 POINT, THE EASIEST ENTRY POINT 499 00:19:59,097 --> 00:20:01,633 FOR LOCATING DOCTOR'S WIVES IN 500 00:20:01,633 --> 00:20:04,135 THE HISTORICAL ARCHIVE AND 501 00:20:04,135 --> 00:20:08,306 ARGUABLY SOMETIMES THE MOST FUN. 502 00:20:08,306 --> 00:20:11,376 SO WHILE LOCAL VALUE GROUPS 503 00:20:11,376 --> 00:20:13,445 CONSISTING OF PHILANTHROPIC 504 00:20:13,445 --> 00:20:15,180 SOCIETY WOMEN AND ON MANY 505 00:20:15,180 --> 00:20:17,715 OCCASION A LOT OF DOCTOR'S WIVES 506 00:20:17,715 --> 00:20:19,951 HAVE EXISTED ATTACHED TO LOCAL 507 00:20:19,951 --> 00:20:21,519 INSTITUTIONS LIKE HOSPITALS 508 00:20:21,519 --> 00:20:24,322 SINCE THE 19TH CENTURY. THE 509 00:20:24,322 --> 00:20:27,158 MEDICAL AUXILIARY ORGANIZED AS A 510 00:20:27,158 --> 00:20:28,660 SPACE SPECIFICALLY FOR MEDICAL 511 00:20:28,660 --> 00:20:31,229 SPOUSES IS PRIMARILY AN EARLY 512 00:20:31,229 --> 00:20:35,300 20TH CENTURY PHENOMENON 513 00:20:35,300 --> 00:20:36,301 ORGANIZING ALONGSIDE MEDICAL 514 00:20:36,301 --> 00:20:38,870 SOCIETIES BEGAN FIRST AT THE 515 00:20:38,870 --> 00:20:40,338 LOCAL AND STATE-LEVELS. 516 00:20:40,338 --> 00:20:41,906 OKLAHOMA AND TEXAS, FOR EXAMPLE, 517 00:20:41,906 --> 00:20:46,511 HAD FORMALLY ORGANIZED WOMEN'S 518 00:20:46,511 --> 00:20:47,979 AUXILIARIES ASSOCIATED WITH 519 00:20:47,979 --> 00:20:49,247 THEIR STATE MEDICAL SOCIETIES 520 00:20:49,247 --> 00:20:53,818 DATING BACK TO THE 1900S AND THE 521 00:20:53,818 --> 00:20:55,787 1910S AND THERE'S AN 522 00:20:55,787 --> 00:20:59,657 ILLUSTRATION OF MRS. RED THE 523 00:20:59,657 --> 00:21:03,695 TEXAS AUXILIARY ORGANIZER HAILED 524 00:21:03,695 --> 00:21:05,129 AS THE MOTHER OF THE AMA OVE 525 00:21:05,129 --> 00:21:08,766 OVERALL. IN PART INSPIRED AND 526 00:21:08,766 --> 00:21:11,603 MOTIVATED BY ALL OF THE MEDICAL 527 00:21:11,603 --> 00:21:13,905 VOLUNTEERISM DURING WORLD WAR I, 528 00:21:13,905 --> 00:21:17,609 LIKE THE RED CROSS, THE IDEA OF 529 00:21:17,609 --> 00:21:19,844 THE WOMEN'S MEDICAL AUXILIARY 530 00:21:19,844 --> 00:21:25,884 SPREAD RAPIDLY DURING THE 1920S. 531 00:21:25,884 --> 00:21:30,121 IN 1922 A NEWLY ORGANIZED 532 00:21:30,121 --> 00:21:31,789 AUXILIARY PLACED ITSELF BEFORE 533 00:21:31,789 --> 00:21:33,992 THE DELEGATES SEEKING 534 00:21:33,992 --> 00:21:35,560 RECOGNITION FOR THEIR GROUP. 535 00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:37,529 HERE IN THE JOURNAL OF THE AMA 536 00:21:37,529 --> 00:21:40,198 WE SEE THE NEW SORRY RESPONDING 537 00:21:40,198 --> 00:21:42,834 SECRETARY OF THAT GROUP MRS. HLD 538 00:21:42,834 --> 00:21:44,402 FROM HOUSTON REPORTING AFTER 539 00:21:44,402 --> 00:21:48,006 THIS IS TAKEN PLACE. 540 00:21:48,006 --> 00:21:50,341 THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY OF THE 541 00:21:50,341 --> 00:21:51,242 MEDICAL ASSOCIATION IS NO LONGER 542 00:21:51,242 --> 00:21:57,015 A DREAM BUT A REALIZED ENTITY. 543 00:21:57,015 --> 00:21:58,283 IN THE FOLLOWING YEARS, STATE 544 00:21:58,283 --> 00:22:02,353 AND LOCAL LEVEL COUNTERPART 545 00:22:02,353 --> 00:22:03,054 ORGANIZATIONS PROLIFERATED. 546 00:22:03,054 --> 00:22:05,890 HERE ON THE SCREEN YOU CAN SEE 547 00:22:05,890 --> 00:22:08,059 SOME CONGRATULATIONS FROM THE 548 00:22:08,059 --> 00:22:11,029 THEN PRESIDENT OF THE KENTUCKY 549 00:22:11,029 --> 00:22:13,398 STATE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION TO THE 550 00:22:13,398 --> 00:22:15,767 KENTUCKY WOMEN'S SOLE JUDGES OF 551 00:22:15,767 --> 00:22:20,505 THE FACTS AUXILIARY IN 1932. 552 00:22:20,505 --> 00:22:22,941 FOR STARTING THEIR OWN 553 00:22:22,941 --> 00:22:24,876 PUBLICATION, THE QUARTERLY AND 554 00:22:24,876 --> 00:22:27,245 THIS IS DRAWN FROM THE NLM'S OWN 555 00:22:27,245 --> 00:22:29,113 COLLECTION OF THE QUARTERLY 556 00:22:29,113 --> 00:22:34,052 WHICH IS VERY COMPREHENSIVE. BY 557 00:22:34,052 --> 00:22:36,754 1941, SO ABOUT A DECADE LATER, 558 00:22:36,754 --> 00:22:38,823 WE CAN SEE NOT JUST AN EXPANSION 559 00:22:38,823 --> 00:22:41,259 INTO THE REST OF THE STATES BUT 560 00:22:41,259 --> 00:22:44,596 MAJOR RECRUITMENT EFFORTS WITHIN 561 00:22:44,596 --> 00:22:49,133 THOSE NOW EXISTING BRANCHES. IN 562 00:22:49,133 --> 00:22:51,769 ARKANSAS, THE STATE CHAIRMAN, 563 00:22:51,769 --> 00:22:53,605 MRS. EDWARD SET AN AMBITIOUS 564 00:22:53,605 --> 00:22:55,573 GOAL IN HER UPDATE TO THE 565 00:22:55,573 --> 00:22:57,175 ORGANIZATION. IN THE PAGES OF 566 00:22:57,175 --> 00:23:00,545 THE JOURNAL OF THE ARKANSAS 567 00:23:00,545 --> 00:23:03,481 MEDICAL SOCIETY. 568 00:23:03,481 --> 00:23:07,785 EVERY ELIGIBLE WIFE AN AUXILIARY 569 00:23:07,785 --> 00:23:08,920 MEMBER. EVERY ELIGIBLE DOCTOR'S 570 00:23:08,920 --> 00:23:11,556 WIFE THAT IS. THAT SAME YEAR 571 00:23:11,556 --> 00:23:13,024 THE NATIONAL AUXILIARY HAD 572 00:23:13,024 --> 00:23:18,529 EXCEEDED THEIR GOAL OF 25,000 573 00:23:18,529 --> 00:23:21,566 DUES PAYING MEMBERS AND WERE 574 00:23:21,566 --> 00:23:23,601 STILL WAITING AT PRESS TIME FROM 575 00:23:23,601 --> 00:23:25,970 NEW STATES PRESENTING NEW 576 00:23:25,970 --> 00:23:29,240 AUXILIARIES AND MEMBERS IN 577 00:23:29,240 --> 00:23:35,580 EXISTING UNITS. BUT WHY 578 00:23:35,580 --> 00:23:36,247 ORGANIZE DOCTOR'S WIFE IN PART 579 00:23:36,247 --> 00:23:37,682 THIS WAS DEFINITELY A SOCIAL 580 00:23:37,682 --> 00:23:39,384 ORGANIZATION. AND A SUPPORT 581 00:23:39,384 --> 00:23:40,351 ORGANIZATION. BRINGING WOMEN 582 00:23:40,351 --> 00:23:43,721 WITH SHARED INTERESTS AND 583 00:23:43,721 --> 00:23:45,890 STRUGGLES TOGETHER BUT IT WENT 584 00:23:45,890 --> 00:23:47,158 FAR BEYOND THAT. PARTICULARLY, 585 00:23:47,158 --> 00:23:50,028 IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH 586 00:23:50,028 --> 00:23:51,229 CENTURY AND ESPECIALLY AT 587 00:23:51,229 --> 00:23:52,830 MID-CENTURY, THE DOCTOR'S WIFE 588 00:23:52,830 --> 00:23:55,566 WAS VIEWED BY THE PROFESSION AND 589 00:23:55,566 --> 00:23:58,503 SOCIETY AT LARGE AS A DISTINCT 590 00:23:58,503 --> 00:24:02,540 SOCIAL ROLE WITH DISTINCT 591 00:24:02,540 --> 00:24:03,174 OBLIGATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES 592 00:24:03,174 --> 00:24:05,977 BEFORE HER. BEING MARRIED TO 593 00:24:05,977 --> 00:24:10,048 MEDICINE GAVE THEM A PERSPECTIVE 594 00:24:10,048 --> 00:24:12,750 THAT OTHER WOMEN SIMPLE DIDN'T 595 00:24:12,750 --> 00:24:13,451 HAVE. FURTHERMORE, THEY COULD 596 00:24:13,451 --> 00:24:17,588 BE EXTREMELY VALUABLE TO THE 597 00:24:17,588 --> 00:24:20,391 PROFESSION. AS MRS. HERBERT PUT 598 00:24:20,391 --> 00:24:23,761 IT IN HER PROLOGUE TO A 50TH 599 00:24:23,761 --> 00:24:25,630 ANNIVERSARY COMET RAHTIVE 600 00:24:25,630 --> 00:24:27,765 HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL 601 00:24:27,765 --> 00:24:29,734 AUXILIARY THE FOUNDERS AND EARLY 602 00:24:29,734 --> 00:24:31,769 LEADERS HAD A KEEN SENSE OF THE 603 00:24:31,769 --> 00:24:33,237 VALUE OF JOINT ENDEAVOR. 604 00:24:33,237 --> 00:24:35,106 BUT WE'RE CONVINCE THAT HAD 605 00:24:35,106 --> 00:24:35,940 COMBINED ACTIVITY OF DOCTORS AND 606 00:24:35,940 --> 00:24:37,575 THEIR WIVES THROUGHOUT THE 607 00:24:37,575 --> 00:24:39,777 NATION COULD HAVE FAR REACHING 608 00:24:39,777 --> 00:24:42,747 INFLUENCE ON PROBLEMS AFFECTING 609 00:24:42,747 --> 00:24:49,287 THE HEALTH OF AMERICA. I'M 610 00:24:49,287 --> 00:24:52,857 ESPECIALLY INTERESTED, FOR 611 00:24:52,857 --> 00:24:54,459 EXAMPLE IN DIGGING THROUGH OLD 612 00:24:54,459 --> 00:24:55,693 CONFERENCE PROGRAMS AND FIGURING 613 00:24:55,693 --> 00:24:57,695 OUT WHAT THE WIVES WERE GETTING 614 00:24:57,695 --> 00:24:59,897 UP TO WHEN THEY WENT WITH THEIR 615 00:24:59,897 --> 00:25:02,033 HUSBANDS TO ATLANTIC CITY OR SAN 616 00:25:02,033 --> 00:25:03,501 FRANCISCO OR OTHER CONFERENCE 617 00:25:03,501 --> 00:25:04,769 LOCATIONS. MIXING WITH OTHER 618 00:25:04,769 --> 00:25:08,773 WIVES FROM ACROSS THE COUNTRY. 619 00:25:08,773 --> 00:25:11,209 THE AUXILIARY HELD ITS OWN 620 00:25:11,209 --> 00:25:13,177 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 621 00:25:13,177 --> 00:25:13,845 SIMULTANEOUSLY EACH YEAR WITH 622 00:25:13,845 --> 00:25:17,181 THE MAIN AMA ONE SO THEY ARE 623 00:25:17,181 --> 00:25:18,182 KIND OF GETTING A VACATION OUT 624 00:25:18,182 --> 00:25:19,784 OF IT, SURE, BUT THEY'RE ALSO 625 00:25:19,784 --> 00:25:22,053 ORGANIZING AND FIGURING OUT WHAT 626 00:25:22,053 --> 00:25:25,623 PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMMING OR 627 00:25:25,623 --> 00:25:26,324 FUNDRAISING STRATEGIES AND SO 628 00:25:26,324 --> 00:25:28,926 FORTH TO TAKE AWAY BACK TO THEIR 629 00:25:28,926 --> 00:25:32,130 OWN COMMUNITIES WITH THEIR OWN 630 00:25:32,130 --> 00:25:38,569 LOCAL BRANCHES. AND DOCTOR'S 631 00:25:38,569 --> 00:25:39,771 WIFE WERE DEFINITELY OUT 632 00:25:39,771 --> 00:25:42,573 CIRCULATE THING THE WIDER 633 00:25:42,573 --> 00:25:45,777 COMMUNITY AND SOCIETY. AND KIND 634 00:25:45,777 --> 00:25:48,913 OF THE CULTURAL MESSAGING AROUND 635 00:25:48,913 --> 00:25:50,915 MEDICINE AT THE TIME. IN THE 636 00:25:50,915 --> 00:25:53,951 SUMMER OF 1956, FOR EXAMPLE, 637 00:25:53,951 --> 00:25:56,854 DR. ELMER H. WHO WAS THE 638 00:25:56,854 --> 00:25:58,623 IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT OF THE 639 00:25:58,623 --> 00:26:01,192 AMA MET WITH A GROUP OF THEM TO 640 00:26:01,192 --> 00:26:02,393 DISCUSS THEIR SPECIAL ROLE IN 641 00:26:02,393 --> 00:26:03,961 THE CONTINUED SUCCESS OFFAL 642 00:26:03,961 --> 00:26:06,030 ORGANIZED MEDICINE. INVITED BY 643 00:26:06,030 --> 00:26:09,333 THE WOMEN'S AUXILIARY TO SPEAK 644 00:26:09,333 --> 00:26:15,273 AT A LUNCH SESSION HE EXPLAINED 645 00:26:15,273 --> 00:26:19,777 A HUSBAND'S WIFE EXPLAINED THEY 646 00:26:19,777 --> 00:26:21,512 CAN BE THE ADVERTISEMENT. WE 647 00:26:21,512 --> 00:26:22,413 CAN'T TALK ABOUT OURSELVES THE 648 00:26:22,413 --> 00:26:25,249 WAY OUR WOOIFS TALK ABOUT US BUT 649 00:26:25,249 --> 00:26:29,520 HE CLAIMED THAT THEIR HUSBANDS 650 00:26:29,520 --> 00:26:31,656 CAREERS DEPEND ON PUBLIC 651 00:26:31,656 --> 00:26:36,994 RELATION WHICH BECOMES A BIG 652 00:26:36,994 --> 00:26:38,429 KEYWORD IN THIS MOMENT. 653 00:26:38,429 --> 00:26:41,265 DOCTOR'S WIFE SHOULD BE A GOOD 654 00:26:41,265 --> 00:26:43,768 HOMEMAKER AND MOTHER, BUT THEY 655 00:26:43,768 --> 00:26:46,838 NEEDED SOMETHING EXTRA. THEY 656 00:26:46,838 --> 00:26:51,776 NEEDED PATIENCE AND 657 00:26:51,776 --> 00:26:53,578 PARTICIPATION. LESS BELIEVED 658 00:26:53,578 --> 00:26:54,912 THAT WOMEN WHO MARRIED 659 00:26:54,912 --> 00:26:56,347 PHYSICIANS HAD A UNIQUE 660 00:26:56,347 --> 00:26:58,349 OPPORTUNITY TO REPRESENT THEIR 661 00:26:58,349 --> 00:27:00,852 HUSBAND'S PROFESSIONS IN THE 662 00:27:00,852 --> 00:27:02,386 COMMUNITY TO SPREAD FACTUAL 663 00:27:02,386 --> 00:27:03,287 INFORMATION AND TO ENCOURAGE 664 00:27:03,287 --> 00:27:05,590 VOTING ON MATTERS RELATED TO 665 00:27:05,590 --> 00:27:08,559 HEALTH POLITICS SO IN THE 666 00:27:08,559 --> 00:27:09,961 POST-WAR U.S., THE NOTION OF A 667 00:27:09,961 --> 00:27:13,331 THERE'S WIFE AS A SORT OF FREE 668 00:27:13,331 --> 00:27:15,333 PUBLIC RELATIONS AGENT SPREAD 669 00:27:15,333 --> 00:27:16,968 THROUGHOUT THE PROFESSION. AS 670 00:27:16,968 --> 00:27:19,770 ONE CALIFORNIA WOMAN'S AUXILIARY 671 00:27:19,770 --> 00:27:23,774 ORGANIZER POINTED OUT, MORE 672 00:27:23,774 --> 00:27:25,076 QUESTIONS ARE ASKED OF A 673 00:27:25,076 --> 00:27:28,279 PHYSICIAN'S WIFE OVER A BRIDGE 674 00:27:28,279 --> 00:27:32,683 TABLE, IN THE BEAUTY PARLOR THAN 675 00:27:32,683 --> 00:27:35,519 OF THE PHYSICIAN HIMSELF. SO 676 00:27:35,519 --> 00:27:36,954 PARTICULARLY IN THIS POST-WAR 677 00:27:36,954 --> 00:27:41,893 MOMENT I THINK IT'S ALSO A VERY 678 00:27:41,893 --> 00:27:50,268 ESPECIALLY 1950S MOMENT WHEN 679 00:27:50,268 --> 00:27:52,570 LET'S WAS MAKING HIS SPEECH SO 680 00:27:52,570 --> 00:27:54,405 IT MEANS WOMEN ARE GETTING 681 00:27:54,405 --> 00:27:58,142 TOGETHER AT THEIR LUNCHEONS OR 682 00:27:58,142 --> 00:27:58,910 PLAYING BRIDGE, THESE WEREN'T 683 00:27:58,910 --> 00:28:00,645 JUST FRIVOLOUS SOCIAL 684 00:28:00,645 --> 00:28:03,047 ACTIVITIES. I HAVE ARGUED THAT 685 00:28:03,047 --> 00:28:04,415 RATHER THAN TO KIND OF DISMISS 686 00:28:04,415 --> 00:28:07,151 THEM AS SILLY OR SECONDARY, WE 687 00:28:07,151 --> 00:28:09,687 SHOULD ACTUALLY TAKE THEM VERY 688 00:28:09,687 --> 00:28:11,355 SERIOUSLY HISTORICALLY SPEAKING. 689 00:28:11,355 --> 00:28:13,925 NOT ONLY WERE THEY SITES OF 690 00:28:13,925 --> 00:28:15,760 MAJOR FUNDRAISING CAMPAIGNS BUT 691 00:28:15,760 --> 00:28:17,628 THEY WERE ALSO SITES OF PRETTY 692 00:28:17,628 --> 00:28:19,964 SIGNIFICANT COMMUNICATIONS 693 00:28:19,964 --> 00:28:21,132 HAPPENING. THESE ARE THE WOMEN 694 00:28:21,132 --> 00:28:23,601 WHO ARE INTENTIONALLY 695 00:28:23,601 --> 00:28:24,468 DISSEMINATING ALL SORTS OF 696 00:28:24,468 --> 00:28:26,570 INFORMATION RELATING TO HEALTH 697 00:28:26,570 --> 00:28:29,273 CARE, PUBLIC HEALTH, AND THE 698 00:28:29,273 --> 00:28:31,609 MEDICAL ESTABLISHMENT INTO THEIR 699 00:28:31,609 --> 00:28:38,182 WIDER COMMUNITIES. SO A CLASSIC 700 00:28:38,182 --> 00:28:42,420 EXAMPLE OF THIS WHICH MANY OF 701 00:28:42,420 --> 00:28:44,455 YOU HAVE HEARD OF ALREADY WAS A 702 00:28:44,455 --> 00:28:45,489 CAMPAIGN CALLED OPERATION COFFEE 703 00:28:45,489 --> 00:28:48,092 CUP IN THE EARLY 60S WHEN 704 00:28:48,092 --> 00:28:52,797 POLITICIANS WERE DEBATING WHAT 705 00:28:52,797 --> 00:28:54,198 WOULD ULTIMATELY BECOME 706 00:28:54,198 --> 00:28:56,667 MEDICARE, THE AMA LAUNCHED THIS 707 00:28:56,667 --> 00:29:00,137 INNOVATIVE CAMPAIGN TO OPPOSE 708 00:29:00,137 --> 00:29:10,648 THIS LEGISLATION. THE WOMEN 709 00:29:10,948 --> 00:29:12,750 WERE EATING THEIR SNACKS AND 710 00:29:12,750 --> 00:29:17,021 WOULD LIVE TO A SPECIALLY MADE 711 00:29:17,021 --> 00:29:17,655 RECORD OF RONALD REAGAN SPEAKING 712 00:29:17,655 --> 00:29:19,790 OUT AGAINST SOCIALIZED MEDICINE, 713 00:29:19,790 --> 00:29:23,127 LISTENING TO REAGAN, WHO WAS 714 00:29:23,127 --> 00:29:25,029 THEN A CELEBRITY WOULD LEARN 715 00:29:25,029 --> 00:29:27,865 ABOUT WHY THIS NEW PROPOSED 716 00:29:27,865 --> 00:29:29,633 PROGRAM WOULD BE AN ENCROACHMENT 717 00:29:29,633 --> 00:29:32,136 ON PHYSICIAN'S FREEDOM TO 718 00:29:32,136 --> 00:29:33,671 PRACTICE AND WOULD LEAD TO 719 00:29:33,671 --> 00:29:36,841 INFERIOR MEDICAL CARE. SO THE 720 00:29:36,841 --> 00:29:39,777 IDEA BEHIND OPERATION COFFEE CUP 721 00:29:39,777 --> 00:29:43,581 WAS BASICALLY A VIRAL CAMPAIGN 722 00:29:43,581 --> 00:29:46,751 MOBILIZING DOCTOR'S WIFE IN THE 723 00:29:46,751 --> 00:29:49,754 BATTLE AGAINST SOCIALIZED 724 00:29:49,754 --> 00:29:52,823 MEDICINE. SO I WANTED TO NOTE 725 00:29:52,823 --> 00:29:55,159 HERE AND PAUSE FOR A SECOND AND 726 00:29:55,159 --> 00:29:58,195 SAY THAT THIS WAS NOT JUST AN 727 00:29:58,195 --> 00:30:04,568 AMA THING. OR EVEN A REGULAR 728 00:30:04,568 --> 00:30:06,103 ALLOPATHIC MEDICINE THING. THIS 729 00:30:06,103 --> 00:30:09,073 EXISTED FOR ANY VARIETY OF 730 00:30:09,073 --> 00:30:10,307 SPECIALTIES OR FLAVORS OF 731 00:30:10,307 --> 00:30:11,976 MEDICAL PRACTICE AND IN LOCAL, 732 00:30:11,976 --> 00:30:15,946 STATE, REGIONAL, NATIONAL AND 733 00:30:15,946 --> 00:30:16,881 OCCASIONALLY INTERNATIONAL 734 00:30:16,881 --> 00:30:20,251 FORUMS. WE SEE HERE ON THE 735 00:30:20,251 --> 00:30:23,187 SCREEN, FOR EXAMPLE, A NEW 736 00:30:23,187 --> 00:30:25,723 BRANCH IN NEW YORK OF THE 737 00:30:25,723 --> 00:30:26,957 WOMEN'S AUXILIARY TO BE NATIONAL 738 00:30:26,957 --> 00:30:29,160 MEDICAL ASSOCIATION WHICH I WILL 739 00:30:29,160 --> 00:30:31,796 TALK ABOUT IN A SECOND. BUT I 740 00:30:31,796 --> 00:30:33,664 WANTED TO SHOW LIKE A PRETTY 741 00:30:33,664 --> 00:30:37,468 GOOD EXAMPLE OF THIS DIVERSITY 742 00:30:37,468 --> 00:30:40,271 OF AUXILIARY TYPES AND 743 00:30:40,271 --> 00:30:41,806 ORGANIZING. SO I FREELY CONFESS 744 00:30:41,806 --> 00:30:45,709 THAT I HAVE A BIT OF AN EBAY 745 00:30:45,709 --> 00:30:49,780 BUYING HABIT. BUT I RECENTLY 746 00:30:49,780 --> 00:30:51,515 ACQUIRED THIS REALLY FANTASTIC 747 00:30:51,515 --> 00:30:53,551 AND UNUSUAL HISTORICAL SOURCE 748 00:30:53,551 --> 00:30:56,887 FROM 1953 TITLED STUDY COURSE 749 00:30:56,887 --> 00:31:00,458 FOR WOMEN'S AUXILIARY TO THE 750 00:31:00,458 --> 00:31:02,960 INTERNATIONAL CHIROPRACTOR'S 751 00:31:02,960 --> 00:31:05,129 ASSOCIATION WHICH BEGINS ON THE 752 00:31:05,129 --> 00:31:07,798 FIRST PAGE BY STAYING LAYWOMEN 753 00:31:07,798 --> 00:31:10,601 OF CHIROPRACTIC ARE AN IMPORTANT 754 00:31:10,601 --> 00:31:13,637 FACTOR IN THE SUCCESS AND 755 00:31:13,637 --> 00:31:14,605 FAILURE OF EACH AND EVERY 756 00:31:14,605 --> 00:31:16,841 CHIROPRACTOR IN THE FIELD IN THE 757 00:31:16,841 --> 00:31:18,709 SUCCESS OR FAILURE FOR THE SICK 758 00:31:18,709 --> 00:31:21,045 TO GET WELL, IN THE RIGHT OF A 759 00:31:21,045 --> 00:31:22,213 DOCTOR OR BY CHOICE IN SHORT 760 00:31:22,213 --> 00:31:25,082 THIS THE SUCCESS OR FAILURE OF 761 00:31:25,082 --> 00:31:27,785 CHIROPRACTIC SO ABSOLUTELY NO 762 00:31:27,785 --> 00:31:29,687 PRESSURE LADIES MARRIED TO 763 00:31:29,687 --> 00:31:33,524 CHIROPRACTORS IN THE 1950S. IT 764 00:31:33,524 --> 00:31:37,228 WE WANT ONTO SAY 80% OF 765 00:31:37,228 --> 00:31:38,062 CHIROPRACTORS MIGHT BE MARRIED 766 00:31:38,062 --> 00:31:42,366 BUT "50% OF THE WORKING POWER OF 767 00:31:42,366 --> 00:31:45,870 THESE PRACTICING CHIROPRACTORS 768 00:31:45,870 --> 00:31:49,006 IS BEING LOST. THE WIVES OF 769 00:31:49,006 --> 00:31:49,607 CHIROPRACTORS. THEY ARE NOT 770 00:31:49,607 --> 00:31:51,408 CARRYING THEIR PART OF THE LOAD 771 00:31:51,408 --> 00:31:53,010 IN THE PROFESSION OF THEIR 772 00:31:53,010 --> 00:31:54,478 HUSBAND WHO IS ARE STRIVING SO 773 00:31:54,478 --> 00:31:57,448 HARD TO GAIN RECOGNITION" THIS 774 00:31:57,448 --> 00:31:59,350 GUIDE IS PRETTY LENGTHY. 775 00:31:59,350 --> 00:32:01,285 THERE'S MULTIPLE CHAPTERS AND 776 00:32:01,285 --> 00:32:03,387 WAS INTEND ON A CRASH COURSE OF 777 00:32:03,387 --> 00:32:05,523 THE PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE OF 778 00:32:05,523 --> 00:32:06,857 CHIROPRACTIC MEDICINE SO THE 779 00:32:06,857 --> 00:32:08,225 WIVES WOULD BE ABLE TO DEFEND 780 00:32:08,225 --> 00:32:11,629 AND ADVERTISE THEIR HUSBAND'S 781 00:32:11,629 --> 00:32:12,796 PRACTICES. HOW MANY WOMEN TODAY 782 00:32:12,796 --> 00:32:15,699 CAN HONESTLY DEFEND THEIR 783 00:32:15,699 --> 00:32:16,934 CHIROPRACTOR AND HIS CONDEMNED 784 00:32:16,934 --> 00:32:21,906 PROFESSION IT CHALLENGED THE 785 00:32:21,906 --> 00:32:24,208 READER. ECHOING MANY SIMILAR 786 00:32:24,208 --> 00:32:27,411 SENTIMENTS MADE BY AMA MEMBERS 787 00:32:27,411 --> 00:32:29,046 IN THE SAME TIME PERIOD THOSE 788 00:32:29,046 --> 00:32:31,282 INVOLVED IN THE INTERNATIONAL 789 00:32:31,282 --> 00:32:33,517 CHIROPRACTOR'S ASSOCIATION ALSO 790 00:32:33,517 --> 00:32:34,485 VIEWED THEIR POPULATION OF WIVES 791 00:32:34,485 --> 00:32:37,521 AS AMBASSADORS OF THEIR 792 00:32:37,521 --> 00:32:39,857 PROFESSION. THIS EXPLAINED MOST 793 00:32:39,857 --> 00:32:41,625 WOMEN BELONGED TO SOME GROUP, 794 00:32:41,625 --> 00:32:42,426 CLUB OR ORGANIZATION IN THEIR 795 00:32:42,426 --> 00:32:52,970 COMMUNITY. (READING). AGAIN NO 796 00:33:11,689 --> 00:33:14,925 PRESSURE HERE. THE WOMEN'S 797 00:33:14,925 --> 00:33:15,793 HOMEOPATHIC LEAGUE OF 798 00:33:15,793 --> 00:33:18,429 PENNSYLVANIA ALSO GOT IN ON THIS 799 00:33:18,429 --> 00:33:19,363 RHETORIC TOO AT THE SAME TIME. 800 00:33:19,363 --> 00:33:22,600 AT A 1950 MEETING THIS GROUP WAS 801 00:33:22,600 --> 00:33:27,771 TREATED TO A TACK BY -- TALK BY 802 00:33:27,771 --> 00:33:32,710 A MAN NAMED LEO BROWN. HIS 803 00:33:32,710 --> 00:33:34,345 PRESENTATION TITLED YOUR PUBLIC 804 00:33:34,345 --> 00:33:35,479 RELATIONS ARE SHOWING WAS 805 00:33:35,479 --> 00:33:38,582 DESCRIBED AS INTERESTING AND 806 00:33:38,582 --> 00:33:39,750 INFORMATIVE. ACCORDING TO THE 807 00:33:39,750 --> 00:33:41,619 REPORT FROM THE LEAGUE'S 808 00:33:41,619 --> 00:33:43,520 PRESIDENT, BROWN POINTED OUT 809 00:33:43,520 --> 00:33:45,956 THAT WE, DOCTOR'S WIFE, FAMILIES 810 00:33:45,956 --> 00:33:47,658 AND FRIENDS, SHOULD LIKE 811 00:33:47,658 --> 00:33:51,228 CAESAR'S WIFE BE ABOVE REPROACH 812 00:33:51,228 --> 00:33:52,663 AND ALWAYS LEAVE GOOD PUBLIC 813 00:33:52,663 --> 00:33:55,032 RELATION SHOWING. AS WOMEN AND 814 00:33:55,032 --> 00:33:56,200 INDIVIDUALS WE ARE TABLE REACH 815 00:33:56,200 --> 00:33:57,968 MORE PEOPLE THAN THE 816 00:33:57,968 --> 00:33:59,203 DOCTOR/PATIENT CONTACT. BROWN 817 00:33:59,203 --> 00:34:02,840 WOULD THEN GO ON LATER TO BECOME 818 00:34:02,840 --> 00:34:03,540 AN ASSISTANT TO THE VICE 819 00:34:03,540 --> 00:34:07,177 PRESIDENT OF THE AMA. AND TO 820 00:34:07,177 --> 00:34:09,546 PUBLISH AND DELIVER BASICALLY 821 00:34:09,546 --> 00:34:10,848 THE SAME MESSAGE TO DOCTOR'S 822 00:34:10,848 --> 00:34:13,984 WIVES FOR AT LEAST ANOTHER 823 00:34:13,984 --> 00:34:18,122 DECADE. SO THERE WAS A GREAT 824 00:34:18,122 --> 00:34:20,357 VARIETY IN THE TYPES OF 825 00:34:20,357 --> 00:34:22,593 AUXILIARY GROUPS MANY OF WHICH 826 00:34:22,593 --> 00:34:24,528 HAD REGULAR PUBLICATIONS THAT I 827 00:34:24,528 --> 00:34:27,798 HAVE ATTEMPTED TO TRACK COPIES 828 00:34:27,798 --> 00:34:30,668 OF. THE NATIONAL MEDICAL 829 00:34:30,668 --> 00:34:33,404 ASSOCIATION, AN ORGANIZATION OF 830 00:34:33,404 --> 00:34:35,706 BLACK PHYSICIANS HAD ITS OWN 831 00:34:35,706 --> 00:34:40,878 TYPE OF AUXILIARY GRIPOUPS ACRO 832 00:34:40,878 --> 00:34:42,179 THE COUNTRY. THEIR OFFICIAL 833 00:34:42,179 --> 00:34:43,781 PUBLICATION WAS THE MOUSE PIECE 834 00:34:43,781 --> 00:34:47,618 WHICH WAS SHOWN HERE ON SCREEN. 835 00:34:47,618 --> 00:34:50,621 1945 ISSUE. WITH A PATRIOTIC 836 00:34:50,621 --> 00:34:53,290 COVER IMAGE. ON THE INSIDE AND 837 00:34:53,290 --> 00:35:00,731 PAGE TWO THEY HAVE REPRINTED 838 00:35:00,731 --> 00:35:08,505 LANGSTON HOW HUGHES POEM. THEY 839 00:35:08,505 --> 00:35:09,440 ADDRESS RACIAL DISCRIMINATION AS 840 00:35:09,440 --> 00:35:10,974 WELL AS REPORT ON ACTIVES IN 841 00:35:10,974 --> 00:35:13,210 THEIR BRANCHES AND I ONLY 842 00:35:13,210 --> 00:35:15,779 RECENTLY WAS ABLE TO TRACK DOWN 843 00:35:15,779 --> 00:35:17,514 A FEW COPIES OF THIS. 844 00:35:17,514 --> 00:35:19,383 AT YALE BUT I KNOW THAT MORE 845 00:35:19,383 --> 00:35:23,120 EXIST OUT THERE AND I AM EXCITED 846 00:35:23,120 --> 00:35:26,023 TO GO FIND THEM. AT THE NLM, 847 00:35:26,023 --> 00:35:29,593 THERE'S A LOT OF THESE TYPES OF 848 00:35:29,593 --> 00:35:30,794 PERIODICALS BY VARIOUS AUXILIARY 849 00:35:30,794 --> 00:35:32,129 GROUPS SO, FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN I 850 00:35:32,129 --> 00:35:34,898 WAS THERE, I EXPLORED THE 851 00:35:34,898 --> 00:35:37,134 QUARTERLY FROM KENTUCKY WHICH I 852 00:35:37,134 --> 00:35:42,940 MENTIONED BEFORE. THE OHIO 853 00:35:42,940 --> 00:35:43,774 OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION 854 00:35:43,774 --> 00:35:45,109 AUXILIARY BULLETIN. THAT'S A 855 00:35:45,109 --> 00:35:48,011 MOUTHFUL OF A TITLE AND THE 856 00:35:48,011 --> 00:35:49,947 DRUGGIST'S WIFE WHICH IS FROM 857 00:35:49,947 --> 00:35:51,782 THE WOMEN'S ORGANIZATION OF THE 858 00:35:51,782 --> 00:35:54,485 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RETAIL 859 00:35:54,485 --> 00:35:54,785 DRUGGISTS. 860 00:35:54,785 --> 00:35:57,621 THE LONGEST RUNNING AND BEST 861 00:35:57,621 --> 00:35:59,189 PRESERVED PUBLICATION WAS OF 862 00:35:59,189 --> 00:36:03,927 COURSE THAT OF THE NATIONAL AMA 863 00:36:03,927 --> 00:36:06,196 AUXILIARY. IT TOOK ME LITERAL 864 00:36:06,196 --> 00:36:10,167 WEEKS DURING MY DEBAKEY 865 00:36:10,167 --> 00:36:11,168 FELLOWSHIP TO READ THROUGH ALL 866 00:36:11,168 --> 00:36:13,404 THE ISSUES THAT THE NLM HAD 867 00:36:13,404 --> 00:36:15,272 ONSITE WHICH TOOK ME FROM THE 868 00:36:15,272 --> 00:36:17,574 EARLY 40S THROUGH THE 90S. 869 00:36:17,574 --> 00:36:19,777 BECAUSE IT APPEARED IN DIFFERENT 870 00:36:19,777 --> 00:36:21,945 FORMS AND UNDERWENT MANY 871 00:36:21,945 --> 00:36:24,014 CHANGES, BETWEEN THE 30S WHEN IT 872 00:36:24,014 --> 00:36:27,184 BEGAN PUBLISHING AND THE 90S AND 873 00:36:27,184 --> 00:36:30,154 2000S THE EVOLUTION OF THIS ONE 874 00:36:30,154 --> 00:36:32,523 PUBLICATION ALONE REVEALED TO ME 875 00:36:32,523 --> 00:36:34,958 A LOT I THINK ABOUT THE SOCIAL 876 00:36:34,958 --> 00:36:37,261 TRANSFORMATIONS OF MEDICINE AND 877 00:36:37,261 --> 00:36:39,763 MARRIAGE IN THE 20TH CENTURY 878 00:36:39,763 --> 00:36:44,701 U.S. ITS STYLE, EDITORIAL 879 00:36:44,701 --> 00:36:46,503 DIRECTION AND NAME CHANGED 880 00:36:46,503 --> 00:36:47,538 ALONGSIDE ITS PARENT 881 00:36:47,538 --> 00:36:50,240 ORGANIZATION AND THE CULTURE 882 00:36:50,240 --> 00:36:55,145 MORE GENERALLY. ESTABLISHED IN 883 00:36:55,145 --> 00:36:58,916 THE LATE 1930S AS THE BULLETIN 884 00:36:58,916 --> 00:37:05,055 OF THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY IT 885 00:37:05,055 --> 00:37:08,525 SERVED AS A NEWSLETTER TALKING 886 00:37:08,525 --> 00:37:10,127 ABOUT THE NATIONAL POLITICAL 887 00:37:10,127 --> 00:37:12,162 ACTIVITIES. YOU SEE HERE THIS 888 00:37:12,162 --> 00:37:15,132 IS KIND OF A ROLE CALL OF 889 00:37:15,132 --> 00:37:16,467 REPORTS FROM ALL THE DIFFERENT 890 00:37:16,467 --> 00:37:19,603 STATES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER. 891 00:37:19,603 --> 00:37:21,371 THIS CONTINUED THROUGH WORLD WAR 892 00:37:21,371 --> 00:37:26,510 II AND INTO THE POST-WAR ERA OF 893 00:37:26,510 --> 00:37:29,613 AUXILIARY GROWTH AND EXPANSION. 894 00:37:29,613 --> 00:37:40,157 THE PIBL OCCASION THEN HAD A 895 00:37:41,592 --> 00:37:43,594 1960S MAKE OVER TARGETING A 896 00:37:43,594 --> 00:37:45,195 POPULATION OF PRESUMED 897 00:37:45,195 --> 00:37:47,764 HOUSEWIVES AND DOCTOR'S WIVES. 898 00:37:47,764 --> 00:37:49,633 THIS FORMAT MORE CLOSELY 899 00:37:49,633 --> 00:37:51,768 RESEMBLED SOME OF THE ICOPPIC 900 00:37:51,768 --> 00:37:54,771 WOMEN'S MAGAZINES OF THAT 901 00:37:54,771 --> 00:37:55,105 MOMENT. 902 00:37:55,105 --> 00:37:58,976 AND THE EARLY 60S TO ME I THINK 903 00:37:58,976 --> 00:38:01,979 REPRESENTS SORT OF A PEAK 904 00:38:01,979 --> 00:38:04,948 AUXILIARY MOMENT. IN 1961, THE 905 00:38:04,948 --> 00:38:06,550 THEN PRESIDENT REPORTED THAT 906 00:38:06,550 --> 00:38:08,585 THEIR MEMBERSHIP NUMBERS WERE 907 00:38:08,585 --> 00:38:10,888 NOW OVER 80,000. THE REFRESHED 908 00:38:10,888 --> 00:38:13,490 AND RETITLED PUBLICATION IN 1965 909 00:38:13,490 --> 00:38:18,695 I THINK SEEM TO -- SEEMS TO KIND 910 00:38:18,695 --> 00:38:21,565 OF REFLECT THAT GROWTH AND 911 00:38:21,565 --> 00:38:24,401 CONFIDENCE IN THE ORGANIZATION. 912 00:38:24,401 --> 00:38:27,037 BUT LOOKING AT ISSUES IN THIS 913 00:38:27,037 --> 00:38:28,005 PUBLICATION FROM THE NEXT 914 00:38:28,005 --> 00:38:31,375 DECADE, THE 70S, GETTING BACK TO 915 00:38:31,375 --> 00:38:33,977 THAT, YOU START TO SEE A MUCH 916 00:38:33,977 --> 00:38:35,879 DIFFERENT AND AT TIMES DARKER 917 00:38:35,879 --> 00:38:39,349 PICTURE. BY 1971, OR 1972, 918 00:38:39,349 --> 00:38:41,618 AROUND THE TIME THAT TODAY'S 919 00:38:41,618 --> 00:38:44,154 HEALTH PUBLISHES THAT PROFILE 920 00:38:44,154 --> 00:38:46,056 ABOUT THE SPECIAL CHALLENGES 921 00:38:46,056 --> 00:38:47,925 FACING MRS. DEBAKEY FOR BEING A 922 00:38:47,925 --> 00:38:51,128 SURGEON'S WIFE, M.D.'S WIFE, THE 923 00:38:51,128 --> 00:38:52,296 PUBLICATION ALSO BEGAN 924 00:38:52,296 --> 00:38:57,334 PUBLISHING CONTENT FRAMED AROUND 925 00:38:57,334 --> 00:38:57,834 CHAN 926 00:38:57,834 --> 00:38:59,136 CHALLENGES AND STRUGGLES AND 927 00:38:59,136 --> 00:39:01,872 CRISES FACING THIS UNIQUE 928 00:39:01,872 --> 00:39:02,706 POPULATION. DILEMMAS. IT ALSO 929 00:39:02,706 --> 00:39:04,775 FOUND ITSELF IN THE MIDDLE OF 930 00:39:04,775 --> 00:39:06,810 RAPID CHANGE REGARDING THE 931 00:39:06,810 --> 00:39:08,712 POLITICS OF GENDER IN THE 932 00:39:08,712 --> 00:39:10,714 MEDICAL PROFESSION. A YOUNGER 933 00:39:10,714 --> 00:39:12,282 GENERATION OF WOMEN SOUGHT TO 934 00:39:12,282 --> 00:39:13,650 MAINTAIN CAREERS AND 935 00:39:13,650 --> 00:39:14,484 PROFESSIONAL IDENTITIES ALL ON 936 00:39:14,484 --> 00:39:17,054 THEIR OWN INCLUDING IN 937 00:39:17,054 --> 00:39:20,724 INCREASING NUMBERS, BECOMING 938 00:39:20,724 --> 00:39:23,427 DOCTORS THEMSELVES. SO IN THE 939 00:39:23,427 --> 00:39:27,297 LATE 70S IN THE WAKE OF THE 940 00:39:27,297 --> 00:39:29,433 WOMEN'S MOVEMENT, CHANGES FOR 941 00:39:29,433 --> 00:39:31,768 MARRIED WOMEN AND THE MAJOR 942 00:39:31,768 --> 00:39:33,070 SHIFT REGARDING THE ADMISSION OF 943 00:39:33,070 --> 00:39:37,708 WOMEN INTO THE MEDICAL 944 00:39:37,708 --> 00:39:40,310 PROFESSION M.D. WIFE NO AS LONG 945 00:39:40,310 --> 00:39:43,413 ASKER SEEMED AN APPROPRIATE NAME 946 00:39:43,413 --> 00:39:45,682 FOR THE PUBLICATION. 947 00:39:45,682 --> 00:39:50,454 IN 1977 IT BECAME THE GENERAL 948 00:39:50,454 --> 00:39:52,656 NEUTRAL FACETS. THE EDITORS 949 00:39:52,656 --> 00:39:56,560 REMINDED READERS IN THEIR SPRING 950 00:39:56,560 --> 00:40:07,070 ISSUE, REMEMBER THAT -- MEN 951 00:40:07,537 --> 00:40:09,873 HAVE MUCH TO OFFER. THE CHANGE 952 00:40:09,873 --> 00:40:13,610 OF MAGAZINE'S NAME IS AN 953 00:40:13,610 --> 00:40:17,614 INDICATION TO INCLUDE THEM INTO 954 00:40:17,614 --> 00:40:20,550 EVERY FACET OF OUR PROGRAM. THE 955 00:40:20,550 --> 00:40:23,053 RESPONSE TO THIS WAS MIXED BUT 956 00:40:23,053 --> 00:40:24,721 GENERALLY APPROVING OF THE 957 00:40:24,721 --> 00:40:26,657 FORWARD LOOKING CHANGE. SOME OF 958 00:40:26,657 --> 00:40:28,025 THEM WERE NOT PLEASED OF COURSE. 959 00:40:28,025 --> 00:40:31,061 MORE TRADITIONALISTS. ONE 960 00:40:31,061 --> 00:40:31,928 READER FROM PENNSYLVANIA WROTE 961 00:40:31,928 --> 00:40:35,932 TO THE EDITORS OF THE MAGAZINE I 962 00:40:35,932 --> 00:40:38,368 AM NOT A PIECE OF CARBON 963 00:40:38,368 --> 00:40:40,971 POLISHED AND CUT. I AM MYSELF 964 00:40:40,971 --> 00:40:43,407 AND A PHYSICIAN'S WIFE. FACETS 965 00:40:43,407 --> 00:40:45,509 A COMMON WORD. I AM SPECIAL IN 966 00:40:45,509 --> 00:40:48,812 THAT I MARRIED A PHYSICIAN THIS 967 00:40:48,812 --> 00:40:50,414 ALMOST FLAWLESS GEM PREFERS TO 968 00:40:50,414 --> 00:40:56,553 BE NOPE -- KNOWN AS THE LOVING 969 00:40:56,553 --> 00:40:59,089 WIFE OF A PHYSICIAN HUSBAND. 970 00:40:59,089 --> 00:41:01,058 BUT THE AUXILIARY ITSELF ALSO 971 00:41:01,058 --> 00:41:03,326 DROPPED WOMAN'S FROM ITS NAME 972 00:41:03,326 --> 00:41:05,495 RECOGNIZING THAT THE HUSBANDS OF 973 00:41:05,495 --> 00:41:07,531 DOCTORS WOULD LIKE TO GET 974 00:41:07,531 --> 00:41:08,465 INVOLVED. EVENTUALLY, IN THE 975 00:41:08,465 --> 00:41:14,404 MID-90S THE MAGAZINE WAS CHANGED 976 00:41:14,404 --> 00:41:16,440 TO THE AMA ALLIANCE TODAY 977 00:41:16,440 --> 00:41:18,508 REFLECTING THE OVERHAUL OF THE 978 00:41:18,508 --> 00:41:20,577 IDENTITY. NOW NO LONGER THE 979 00:41:20,577 --> 00:41:23,880 AUXILIARY BUT INSTEAD THE 980 00:41:23,880 --> 00:41:28,552 ALLIANCE. AND I KNOW THAT WITH 981 00:41:28,552 --> 00:41:29,953 THE CHANGE OF PUBLICATION, A LOT 982 00:41:29,953 --> 00:41:31,555 OF RUSH THROUGH IN JUST A FEW 983 00:41:31,555 --> 00:41:33,190 MINUTES BUT I HOPE THAT BY 984 00:41:33,190 --> 00:41:34,157 LOOKING AT THAT PUBLICATION AND 985 00:41:34,157 --> 00:41:37,461 THE REST OF MY TALK AS WELL, YOU 986 00:41:37,461 --> 00:41:39,362 GET JUST A LITTLE SENSE OF WHAT 987 00:41:39,362 --> 00:41:42,599 I SEE AS THE EXTREMELY RICH 988 00:41:42,599 --> 00:41:45,202 POTENTIAL OF THE DOCTOR'S WIFE 989 00:41:45,202 --> 00:41:48,472 AS A LENS THROUGH WHICH TO VIEW 990 00:41:48,472 --> 00:41:51,775 MANY DIFFERENT STRANDS OF 991 00:41:51,775 --> 00:41:55,645 HISTORY GOING ON THROUGHOUT. 992 00:41:55,645 --> 00:41:59,015 ESPECIALLY THE LATER 20TH 993 00:41:59,015 --> 00:42:00,784 CENTURY. I'M ALSO REALLY 994 00:42:00,784 --> 00:42:03,053 INVESTED IN UNCOVERING THE 995 00:42:03,053 --> 00:42:04,354 STORIES OF THESE DIFFERENT 996 00:42:04,354 --> 00:42:07,457 DIVERSE WOMEN AS INDIVIDUALS. 997 00:42:07,457 --> 00:42:09,926 AND AS PART OF THEIR BROADER 998 00:42:09,926 --> 00:42:14,030 SOCIAL NETWORKS OUTSIDE OF 999 00:42:14,030 --> 00:42:16,666 AUXILIARIES, ABSOLUTELY. SO 1000 00:42:16,666 --> 00:42:19,703 WHAT I'LL DO IS END WITH A 1001 00:42:19,703 --> 00:42:21,238 REQUEST WHICH IS THIS. I WOULD 1002 00:42:21,238 --> 00:42:22,372 HAVE LOVED TO HAVE MORE TIME 1003 00:42:22,372 --> 00:42:25,709 TODAY TO TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE 1004 00:42:25,709 --> 00:42:27,644 SPECIAL ARCHIVAL RESEARCH 1005 00:42:27,644 --> 00:42:29,613 CHALLENGES THAT COME ALONG WITH 1006 00:42:29,613 --> 00:42:30,714 TRACKING DOWN INDIVIDUAL MEDICAL 1007 00:42:30,714 --> 00:42:32,816 SPOUSES AND WHY I CHOSE TO STICK 1008 00:42:32,816 --> 00:42:34,918 WITH AUXILIARIES BUT TO 1009 00:42:34,918 --> 00:42:36,853 COMPENSATE FOR SOME OF THOSE 1010 00:42:36,853 --> 00:42:39,422 CHALLENGES, I DO ACTUALLY PLAN 1011 00:42:39,422 --> 00:42:43,426 ON LAUNCHING AN ORAL HISTORY 1012 00:42:43,426 --> 00:42:46,630 COMPONENT OF THIS PROJECT. SO 1013 00:42:46,630 --> 00:42:48,832 IF YOU LISTENING OR ANYONE YOU 1014 00:42:48,832 --> 00:42:50,000 KNOW WOULD PERHAPS LIKE TO BE 1015 00:42:50,000 --> 00:42:52,969 INTERVIEWED FOR MY BOOK RESEARCH 1016 00:42:52,969 --> 00:42:54,237 OR YOU'D LIKE TO SHARE SOME 1017 00:42:54,237 --> 00:42:55,071 STORIES WITH ME I WOULD ACTUALLY 1018 00:42:55,071 --> 00:42:57,841 LOVE TO HEAR FROM PEOPLE. I'M 1019 00:42:57,841 --> 00:43:00,177 NOT QUITE THERE YET IN TERMS OF 1020 00:43:00,177 --> 00:43:03,113 SCHEDULING INTERVIEWS BY I HO 1021 00:43:03,113 --> 00:43:05,882 HOPE -- BUT I HOPE TO GET THAT 1022 00:43:05,882 --> 00:43:07,851 UP AND RUNNING NEXT YEAR FOR 1023 00:43:07,851 --> 00:43:09,452 SURE. 1024 00:43:09,452 --> 00:43:13,190 PLEASE E-MAIL ME. AND WITH 1025 00:43:13,190 --> 00:43:17,027 THAT, I THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 1026 00:43:17,027 --> 00:43:18,628 JOINING ME TODAY. LOOKING 1027 00:43:18,628 --> 00:43:19,763 FORWARD TO SOME OF YOUR 1028 00:43:19,763 --> 00:43:26,503 QUESTIONS. 1029 00:43:26,503 --> 00:43:31,208 >> DR. O DOB -- O'DONNELL THANK 1030 00:43:31,208 --> 00:43:31,608 YOU VERY MUCH. 1031 00:43:31,608 --> 00:43:33,376 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THAT 1032 00:43:33,376 --> 00:43:35,045 FASCINATING TALK. THERE'S A 1033 00:43:35,045 --> 00:43:38,415 NUMBER OF QUESTIONS THAT (SCREEN 1034 00:43:38,415 --> 00:43:47,057 FROZE) INTERESTING TALK THIS 1035 00:43:47,057 --> 00:43:47,691 INDIVIDUAL WRITES -- 1036 00:43:47,691 --> 00:43:49,860 >> SORRY, COULD YOU REPEAT THAT? 1037 00:43:49,860 --> 00:43:52,229 YOU BROKE UP FOR A SECOND THERE. 1038 00:43:52,229 --> 00:43:55,398 >> YES THIS PERSON WRITES IN 1039 00:43:55,398 --> 00:43:57,067 VERY INTERESTING TALK, DOES 1040 00:43:57,067 --> 00:43:59,302 DR. O'DONNELL KNOW IF THERE WERE 1041 00:43:59,302 --> 00:43:59,836 ANY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 1042 00:43:59,836 --> 00:44:02,372 PARTICULAR REGIONS OF THE UNITED 1043 00:44:02,372 --> 00:44:04,307 STATES IN REGARD TO PERCEIVED 1044 00:44:04,307 --> 00:44:14,818 STATUS AS A DOCTOR'S WIFE? -- 1045 00:45:26,589 --> 00:45:27,924 >> THERE WAS MORE OF A DIVISION. 1046 00:45:27,924 --> 00:45:33,229 I THINK GETTING BACK TO THE 1047 00:45:33,229 --> 00:45:37,200 QUESTION ABOUT STATUS AND 1048 00:45:37,200 --> 00:45:47,711 DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTION. A 1049 00:45:54,184 --> 00:45:55,919 MAJOR FIGURE BECAUSE WE HAVE 1050 00:45:55,919 --> 00:46:00,890 SOCIAL STANDING IN A PARTICULAR 1051 00:46:00,890 --> 00:46:01,825 COMMUNITY AND THOUGHT OF AS KIND 1052 00:46:01,825 --> 00:46:04,728 OF A LEADER IN THE COMMUNITY I 1053 00:46:04,728 --> 00:46:07,697 THINK THAT GETS A LITTLE MORE 1054 00:46:07,697 --> 00:46:11,001 COMPLICATED WITH SCALING UP, YOU 1055 00:46:11,001 --> 00:46:13,069 KNOW, YOUR IMMEDIATE SOCIAL 1056 00:46:13,069 --> 00:46:15,605 CONTACTS SO IN A MORE URBAN 1057 00:46:15,605 --> 00:46:20,410 ENVIRONMENT THAT WOULD LOOK MORE 1058 00:46:20,410 --> 00:46:24,381 LIKE, YOU KNOW, NOT QUITE 1059 00:46:24,381 --> 00:46:29,619 SOCIALIZED BUT CLUB WOMEN KIND 1060 00:46:29,619 --> 00:46:37,360 OF GETTING INVOLVED IN LOCAL 1061 00:46:37,360 --> 00:46:46,536 ORGANIZATIONS, BEING KIND OF 1062 00:46:46,536 --> 00:46:47,370 PHILANTHROPIC. SO IT'S GOING TO 1063 00:46:47,370 --> 00:46:50,540 LOOK DIFFERENT FOR SURE. BUT I 1064 00:46:50,540 --> 00:46:53,009 WOULD LOVE TO FIND SOME BETTER 1065 00:46:53,009 --> 00:46:56,212 EXAMPLES OF HOW EXACTLY THAT'S 1066 00:46:56,212 --> 00:46:57,180 MANIFESTING. ONE THING I'M 1067 00:46:57,180 --> 00:46:59,082 LOOKING OUT FOR AND IT'S HARD TO 1068 00:46:59,082 --> 00:47:00,717 DO WITH SOMETHING I TALK ABOUT 1069 00:47:00,717 --> 00:47:02,452 TODAY LIKE, YOU KNOW, THROUGH 1070 00:47:02,452 --> 00:47:04,187 THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE AUXILIARY 1071 00:47:04,187 --> 00:47:08,425 BECAUSE THAT'S KIND OF A 1072 00:47:08,425 --> 00:47:10,794 HOMOGENIZING ORGANIZATION. 1073 00:47:10,794 --> 00:47:12,862 >> JEFF: THANK YOU. SO I WANT 1074 00:47:12,862 --> 00:47:15,865 TO ASK A RELATED QUESTION THAT 1075 00:47:15,865 --> 00:47:17,367 CAME IN BECAUSE I THINK IT COULD 1076 00:47:17,367 --> 00:47:18,968 HELP DRILL DOWN A LITTLE BIT SO 1077 00:47:18,968 --> 00:47:20,937 THIS PERSON WRITES ALSO, I 1078 00:47:20,937 --> 00:47:22,906 ENJOYED YOUR VERY INFORMATIVE 1079 00:47:22,906 --> 00:47:23,540 AND INTERESTING PRESENTATION YOU 1080 00:47:23,540 --> 00:47:25,742 MENTIONED WIVES OF SPECIALIZED 1081 00:47:25,742 --> 00:47:27,777 MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS LIKE 1082 00:47:27,777 --> 00:47:29,345 CHIRAL PLAQUE TEARS WHICH MAKES 1083 00:47:29,345 --> 00:47:32,582 ME WONDER IF THERE WAS A SORT OF 1084 00:47:32,582 --> 00:47:34,751 HIERARCHY OF DOCTORS WIVES AND 1085 00:47:34,751 --> 00:47:36,286 THE QUESTION IS IN YOUR 1086 00:47:36,286 --> 00:47:37,454 RESEARCH, DID YOU FIND EVIDENCE 1087 00:47:37,454 --> 00:47:42,125 THAT WIVES OF SURGEONS, 1088 00:47:42,125 --> 00:47:43,560 CARDIOLOGISTS AND OTHER 1089 00:47:43,560 --> 00:47:44,661 SPECIALISTS WERE HELD IN HIGHER 1090 00:47:44,661 --> 00:47:48,665 ESTEEM THAN WIVES OF, SAY, 1091 00:47:48,665 --> 00:47:50,767 PROCTOLOGISTS OR GENERAL 1092 00:47:50,767 --> 00:47:54,804 PRACTITIONERS? MAYBE CAN YOU 1093 00:47:54,804 --> 00:47:57,173 FLESH THAT OUT OR PERHAPS YOUR 1094 00:47:57,173 --> 00:47:58,842 RESEARCH ISN'T THERE YET? 1095 00:47:58,842 --> 00:48:00,710 >> KELLY: THAT'S A REALLY 1096 00:48:00,710 --> 00:48:02,846 FASCINATING QUESTION. I AM 1097 00:48:02,846 --> 00:48:04,714 ABSOLUTELY GOING TO HAVE TO 1098 00:48:04,714 --> 00:48:07,050 FIGURE THAT QUESTION OUT BECAUSE 1099 00:48:07,050 --> 00:48:09,719 I KNOW THAT THERE HAS TO BE, YOU 1100 00:48:09,719 --> 00:48:12,956 KNOW, A SORT OF INTERNAL 1101 00:48:12,956 --> 00:48:14,991 HIERARCHY BEING UNSPOKEN THAT 1102 00:48:14,991 --> 00:48:16,993 I'M JUST UNAWARE OF AS NOT A 1103 00:48:16,993 --> 00:48:22,499 PART OF THAT GROUP, RIGHT? BUT 1104 00:48:22,499 --> 00:48:29,239 I THINK THAT THE INTEREST -- ONE 1105 00:48:29,239 --> 00:48:32,542 OF THE INTERESTING THREADS IS 1106 00:48:32,542 --> 00:48:33,743 GOING THROUGHOUT MY STORY THAT 1107 00:48:33,743 --> 00:48:37,847 MAKES MY RESEARCH EXTREMELY 1108 00:48:37,847 --> 00:48:38,882 ENDLESSLY COMPLICATED IS THAT 1109 00:48:38,882 --> 00:48:43,119 ONE OF THE OTHER BIG TRENDS IS 1110 00:48:43,119 --> 00:48:47,290 THE INCREASING LEVELS OF 1111 00:48:47,290 --> 00:48:50,426 SPECIALIZATION FOR MEDICINE IN 1112 00:48:50,426 --> 00:48:53,696 GENERAL KIND OF GOING ALONGSIDE 1113 00:48:53,696 --> 00:48:57,500 THE GROWTH AND PEAKING AND 1114 00:48:57,500 --> 00:48:59,502 DECLINE OF AUXILIARIES OVER THE 1115 00:48:59,502 --> 00:49:02,305 COURSE OF THE 20TH CENTURY IN 1116 00:49:02,305 --> 00:49:08,678 GENERAL. SO THEY'RE DEFINITELY 1117 00:49:08,678 --> 00:49:09,846 HAPPENING KIND OF AT THE SAME 1118 00:49:09,846 --> 00:49:16,152 TIME. I THINK THAT FROM MY 1119 00:49:16,152 --> 00:49:19,055 NAIVE POST SURGEONS WERE 1120 00:49:19,055 --> 00:49:21,524 ABSOLUTELY HELD IN HIGH ESTEEM 1121 00:49:21,524 --> 00:49:23,293 AND WE KNOW THAT JUST FROM 1122 00:49:23,293 --> 00:49:24,894 POPULAR CULTURE. RIGHT? 1123 00:49:24,894 --> 00:49:26,763 THAT'S KIND OF ALWAYS LIKE THE 1124 00:49:26,763 --> 00:49:32,802 EXAMPLE POINTED TO AS, LIKE, THE 1125 00:49:32,802 --> 00:49:35,205 ROMANTIC INTEREST. HE'S NOT 1126 00:49:35,205 --> 00:49:38,508 JUST A DOCTOR, HE'S A SURGEON, 1127 00:49:38,508 --> 00:49:42,979 RIGHT? I DON'T KNOW ENOUGH 1128 00:49:42,979 --> 00:49:45,114 ABOUT THE INTERNAL POLITICKING 1129 00:49:45,114 --> 00:49:50,086 OF THESE GROUPS TO SEE IF THAT 1130 00:49:50,086 --> 00:49:53,656 MANIFESTED IN ANY KIND OF 1131 00:49:53,656 --> 00:49:55,992 HIERARCHICAL WAY BUT I WILL SAY 1132 00:49:55,992 --> 00:50:00,496 THAT ONE KIND OF FUN HIERARCHY 1133 00:50:00,496 --> 00:50:05,635 FACT IS THAT WHEN THESE 1134 00:50:05,635 --> 00:50:10,373 AUXILIARY GROUPS AT THE 1135 00:50:10,373 --> 00:50:11,908 STATE-LEVEL BEGAN WHAT WOULD 1136 00:50:11,908 --> 00:50:15,111 HAPPEN IS YOU WOULD HAVE THE 1137 00:50:15,111 --> 00:50:16,679 PRESIDENT OF THE STATE MEDICAL 1138 00:50:16,679 --> 00:50:18,348 SOCIETY AND THEN HIS WIFE WOULD 1139 00:50:18,348 --> 00:50:19,983 AUTOMATICALLY BE LIKE THE 1140 00:50:19,983 --> 00:50:23,052 PRESIDENT OF THE WOMEN'S 1141 00:50:23,052 --> 00:50:26,289 AUXILIARY, RIGHT? SO YOU SEE, 1142 00:50:26,289 --> 00:50:32,262 YOU KNOW, ALL THAT PLAYING OUT 1143 00:50:32,262 --> 00:50:35,798 ON SOME LEVEL BUT THAT IS A 1144 00:50:35,798 --> 00:50:36,599 PHENOMENAL QUESTION. 1145 00:50:36,599 --> 00:50:38,301 >> JEFF: THANK YOU. SO A FEW 1146 00:50:38,301 --> 00:50:39,869 OTHER QUESTIONS HAVE COME IN AND 1147 00:50:39,869 --> 00:50:42,538 SOME VERY HELPFUL COMMENTS ABOUT 1148 00:50:42,538 --> 00:50:44,907 SAR SIS. I'M GOING TO READ 1149 00:50:44,907 --> 00:50:46,142 THESE. THANKS FOR THIS TALK. 1150 00:50:46,142 --> 00:50:48,344 THIS PERSON WRITES IN FROM THE 1151 00:50:48,344 --> 00:50:51,314 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE 1152 00:50:51,314 --> 00:50:52,282 BECAUSE THEY SELF-IDENTIFY AS WE 1153 00:50:52,282 --> 00:50:59,656 HAVE A NICE COLLECTION OF 1154 00:50:59,656 --> 00:51:00,990 WOMEN'S AUXILIARY AT THE 1155 00:51:00,990 --> 00:51:02,225 UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE THERE IS 1156 00:51:02,225 --> 00:51:03,092 SPECULATION THAT WE WERE THE 1157 00:51:03,092 --> 00:51:04,294 FIRST ASSOCIATED WITH THE 1158 00:51:04,294 --> 00:51:05,828 HOSPITAL IN THE COUNTRY I WONDER 1159 00:51:05,828 --> 00:51:07,430 IF YOU HAVE THE FIRST GROUP IN 1160 00:51:07,430 --> 00:51:08,865 YOUR RESEARCH. OUR GROUP WAS 1161 00:51:08,865 --> 00:51:11,100 ESTABLISHED IN 1887 AND THIS 1162 00:51:11,100 --> 00:51:12,635 INDIVIDUAL VERY KINDLY SENDS A 1163 00:51:12,635 --> 00:51:14,671 LINK TO THEIR DIGITIZED RECORDS 1164 00:51:14,671 --> 00:51:15,772 WHICH I WILL SHARE WITH YOU. 1165 00:51:15,772 --> 00:51:18,107 >> KELLY: YES, I'M ABSOLUTELY 1166 00:51:18,107 --> 00:51:19,776 GOING TO CHECK THAT OUT. SO 1167 00:51:19,776 --> 00:51:21,878 THERE'S A LITTLE BIT OF 1168 00:51:21,878 --> 00:51:23,346 FUZZINESS, DEPENDING ON WHAT 1169 00:51:23,346 --> 00:51:25,415 LEVEL OR REGISTER YOU'RE LOOKING 1170 00:51:25,415 --> 00:51:28,351 AT ORGANIZATIONALLY, RIGHT? 1171 00:51:28,351 --> 00:51:30,720 BECAUSE YOU DO ABSOLUTELY HAVE 1172 00:51:30,720 --> 00:51:32,722 THESE HOSPITAL GROUPS AND THESE 1173 00:51:32,722 --> 00:51:34,590 VERY LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS LIKE, 1174 00:51:34,590 --> 00:51:36,959 YOU KNOW, VARIOUS BOARDS OF LADY 1175 00:51:36,959 --> 00:51:39,762 MANAGERS AND THINGS THAT WERE 1176 00:51:39,762 --> 00:51:44,067 ALSO CALLED AUXILIARIES IN THE 1177 00:51:44,067 --> 00:51:47,537 1880S, FOR EXAMPLE, NOT 1178 00:51:47,537 --> 00:51:51,374 EXCLUSIVELY KIND OF 1179 00:51:51,374 --> 00:51:53,743 SELF-IDENTIFYING AS DOCTOR'S 1180 00:51:53,743 --> 00:51:55,244 WIVES FOR SURE BUT COULD 1181 00:51:55,244 --> 00:51:56,946 SOMEWHERE BE, YOU KNOW, SOCIETY 1182 00:51:56,946 --> 00:51:58,748 WOMEN WHO WANTED TO GET INVOLVED 1183 00:51:58,748 --> 00:52:02,985 WITH SOME CAUSE, RIGHT? BUT 1184 00:52:02,985 --> 00:52:05,054 OFTEN THOSE GROUPS WERE HEAVILY 1185 00:52:05,054 --> 00:52:08,358 POPULATED BY DOCTOR'S WIVES. 1186 00:52:08,358 --> 00:52:12,295 BUT IT'S REALLY NOT UNTIL YOU 1187 00:52:12,295 --> 00:52:16,165 GET TO THE LEVEL OF LIKE THE 1188 00:52:16,165 --> 00:52:19,769 STATE SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS. 1189 00:52:19,769 --> 00:52:22,405 THAT YOU SEE THIS PUSH FOR 1190 00:52:22,405 --> 00:52:23,606 RALLYING AROUND THIS IDENTITY. 1191 00:52:23,606 --> 00:52:26,576 SO THAT KIND OF TURN OF THE 1192 00:52:26,576 --> 00:52:29,645 CENTURY MOMENT YOU DO HAVE JUST 1193 00:52:29,645 --> 00:52:33,383 ALL SORTS OF GROUPS KIND OF NOT 1194 00:52:33,383 --> 00:52:34,817 AFFILIATED WITH EACH OTHER, A 1195 00:52:34,817 --> 00:52:37,487 LOT OF ISOLATED ORGANIZING 1196 00:52:37,487 --> 00:52:40,823 HAPPENING. BUT IT'S, AGAIN, NOT 1197 00:52:40,823 --> 00:52:44,394 UNTIL THE 19S AND 20S WHEN THEY 1198 00:52:44,394 --> 00:52:46,929 ALL START FALLING UNDER THE 1199 00:52:46,929 --> 00:52:48,831 UMBRELLA OF THEIR STATE ORG OR 1200 00:52:48,831 --> 00:52:50,533 THE NATIONAL ORG IN THE CASE OF, 1201 00:52:50,533 --> 00:52:54,137 LIKE, YOU KNOW, THE AMA, LATER 1202 00:52:54,137 --> 00:52:56,939 THE MNA AND THAT'S JUST FOR, YOU 1203 00:52:56,939 --> 00:52:59,976 KNOW, AMA MEMBER PHYSICIANS, 1204 00:52:59,976 --> 00:53:02,178 RIGHT? BUT THAT'S FASCINATING. 1205 00:53:02,178 --> 00:53:04,981 I HAVE NOT ENCOUNTERED ANY 1206 00:53:04,981 --> 00:53:06,749 MARYLAND GROUPS YET SO I AM 1207 00:53:06,749 --> 00:53:07,583 EXCITED ABOUT THAT. 1208 00:53:07,583 --> 00:53:10,186 >> JEFF: I WILL SEND YOU THAT 1209 00:53:10,186 --> 00:53:10,920 INFORMATION THANKS TO THE 1210 00:53:10,920 --> 00:53:12,822 INDIVIDUAL THAT SENT THAT IN. 1211 00:53:12,822 --> 00:53:15,024 SO, FOLLOWING ON WHAT YOU JUST 1212 00:53:15,024 --> 00:53:15,825 STATED, THERE'S ANOTHER QUESTION 1213 00:53:15,825 --> 00:53:18,828 THAT'S COME IN, CAN YOU SAY MORE 1214 00:53:18,828 --> 00:53:19,929 ABOUT HOW STATE MEDICAL JOURNALS 1215 00:53:19,929 --> 00:53:21,898 HAVE INFORMED YOUR RESEARCH OR 1216 00:53:21,898 --> 00:53:23,933 COULD INFORM YOUR RESEARCH? YOU 1217 00:53:23,933 --> 00:53:25,668 ARE PROBABLY AWARE -- 1218 00:53:25,668 --> 00:53:27,036 >> KELLY: YEAH. 1219 00:53:27,036 --> 00:53:29,539 >> JEFF: THIS PERSON WRITES 1220 00:53:29,539 --> 00:53:31,174 FURTHER YOU'RE PROBABLY AWARE OF 1221 00:53:31,174 --> 00:53:32,642 THE DIGITAL COLLECTION OF THESE 1222 00:53:32,642 --> 00:53:35,778 JOURNALS ACHIEVED BY THE 1223 00:53:35,778 --> 00:53:37,580 HERITAGE LIBRARY INTO WHICH THE 1224 00:53:37,580 --> 00:53:40,216 NLM HAS CONTRIBUTED CONTENT FROM 1225 00:53:40,216 --> 00:53:41,651 ITS COLLECTIONS. 1226 00:53:41,651 --> 00:53:44,720 >> KELLY: YES AND WHICH WHEN I 1227 00:53:44,720 --> 00:53:46,322 HAD THE POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP 1228 00:53:46,322 --> 00:53:48,691 AND ALL THE ARCHIVES CLOSED 1229 00:53:48,691 --> 00:53:49,425 DEFINITELY AVAILED MYSELF OF A 1230 00:53:49,425 --> 00:53:55,164 LOT OF THESE SOURCES. YEAH, SO, 1231 00:53:55,164 --> 00:53:58,968 A LOT OF THESE ORGANIZATIONS 1232 00:53:58,968 --> 00:54:01,170 ULTIMATELY HAD THEIR OWN 1233 00:54:01,170 --> 00:54:03,172 STANDALONE PUBLICATIONS. LIKE, 1234 00:54:03,172 --> 00:54:08,211 FOR EXAMPLE, THE KENTUCKY 1235 00:54:08,211 --> 00:54:10,646 QUARTERLY AND VARIOUS OTHER ONES 1236 00:54:10,646 --> 00:54:14,817 BUT FOR THE MOST PART, THAT'S 1237 00:54:14,817 --> 00:54:16,652 WHERE YOU WOULD FIND REPORTS 1238 00:54:16,652 --> 00:54:18,421 FROM THE MEDICAL AUXILIARIES, 1239 00:54:18,421 --> 00:54:20,523 RIGHT? THEY WOULD JUST HAVE A 1240 00:54:20,523 --> 00:54:22,792 RECURRING FEATURE OR A SECTION 1241 00:54:22,792 --> 00:54:25,428 OR, YOU KNOW, THE JOURNAL WOULD 1242 00:54:25,428 --> 00:54:27,763 JUST FRINGE, RIGHT? THAT'S 1243 00:54:27,763 --> 00:54:29,031 ALSO, I NEED TO DO A LITTLE MORE 1244 00:54:29,031 --> 00:54:30,766 DEEP DIVE ON THIS ASPECT BUT 1245 00:54:30,766 --> 00:54:34,370 THAT'S ALSO KIND OF HOW THE 1246 00:54:34,370 --> 00:54:36,172 AMA'S AUXILIARY PUBLICATION 1247 00:54:36,172 --> 00:54:37,173 STARTS OFF TOO. THERE'S A 1248 00:54:37,173 --> 00:54:39,909 SECTION OF THE AMA'S BULLETIN 1249 00:54:39,909 --> 00:54:41,644 AND THEN THEY BREAK OFF TO 1250 00:54:41,644 --> 00:54:43,446 BECOME THEIR OWN BULLETIN AND 1251 00:54:43,446 --> 00:54:46,115 FROM THERE, RIGHT, PROCEED, SO, 1252 00:54:46,115 --> 00:54:49,385 THAT IS A HUGELY IMPORTANT 1253 00:54:49,385 --> 00:54:55,024 RESOURCE AND JUST A LOT OF 1254 00:54:55,024 --> 00:54:59,095 RESOURCE. SO I HAVE AN 1255 00:54:59,095 --> 00:55:00,763 EXTREMELY OVERWHELMED SEW TEAR 1256 00:55:00,763 --> 00:55:02,765 ROW DATABASE WITH LOTS OF FUN 1257 00:55:02,765 --> 00:55:04,367 LINKS I WOULD LOVE TO BE ABLE TO 1258 00:55:04,367 --> 00:55:06,869 DO LIKE A SORT OF DIGITAL 1259 00:55:06,869 --> 00:55:12,375 HISTORY PROJECT AND, YOU KNOW, 1260 00:55:12,375 --> 00:55:15,344 KIND OF CRUNCH SOME OF THOSE 1261 00:55:15,344 --> 00:55:17,980 NUMBERS AND WORDS AND VISUALIZE 1262 00:55:17,980 --> 00:55:20,550 SOME OF THAT DATA BUT THAT IS A 1263 00:55:20,550 --> 00:55:23,786 FANTASTIC RESOURCE AND I HUGELY 1264 00:55:23,786 --> 00:55:25,087 RECOMMEND IT. 1265 00:55:25,087 --> 00:55:28,824 >> JEFF: YES, IT IS. THANK YOU. 1266 00:55:28,824 --> 00:55:30,426 ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL WRITES IN, 1267 00:55:30,426 --> 00:55:31,627 THANK YOU FOR THIS FASCINATING 1268 00:55:31,627 --> 00:55:33,629 LOOK AT AN ASPECT OF OUR MEDICAL 1269 00:55:33,629 --> 00:55:35,865 HISTORY THAT TENDS TO STAY IN 1270 00:55:35,865 --> 00:55:38,701 SHADOWS. OF THE MORE PROMINENT 1271 00:55:38,701 --> 00:55:39,869 MALE PHYSICIANS WHO KEPT 1272 00:55:39,869 --> 00:55:41,304 THEMSELVES IN THE SPOTLIGHT FOR 1273 00:55:41,304 --> 00:55:42,772 MUCH OF OUR PAST. GIVEN THAT 1274 00:55:42,772 --> 00:55:44,407 THE WOMEN YOU DISCUSSED WERE 1275 00:55:44,407 --> 00:55:47,076 OFTEN OUTSIDE THE SPOTLIGHT, AND 1276 00:55:47,076 --> 00:55:48,878 HENCE OUTSIDE THE PUBLISHED 1277 00:55:48,878 --> 00:55:51,647 RECORD, HOW DID YOU FIND THE 1278 00:55:51,647 --> 00:55:53,316 HISTORICAL SOURCES SO SHINE A 1279 00:55:53,316 --> 00:55:59,655 LIGHT ON? VERY INTERESTING 1280 00:55:59,655 --> 00:56:00,856 QUESTI 1281 00:56:00,856 --> 00:56:01,123 QUESTION. 1282 00:56:01,123 --> 00:56:03,326 >> KELLY: THAT'S THE CRUX OF IT. 1283 00:56:03,326 --> 00:56:05,861 STAYING IN THE SHADOWS TO PUSH 1284 00:56:05,861 --> 00:56:07,463 YOUR HUSBAND FURTHER INTO THE 1285 00:56:07,463 --> 00:56:11,634 SPOTLIGHT, RIGHT, THAT'S ONE OF 1286 00:56:11,634 --> 00:56:14,103 THE KIND OF MAIN DRIVES OF 1287 00:56:14,103 --> 00:56:15,972 SOMEONE WHO WILL BE PUBLICLY 1288 00:56:15,972 --> 00:56:19,108 IDENTIFYING AS A PHYSICIAN'S 1289 00:56:19,108 --> 00:56:21,010 WIFE. SO THE REASON I FOCUSED 1290 00:56:21,010 --> 00:56:24,013 SO HEAVILY ON THESE AUXILIARIES 1291 00:56:24,013 --> 00:56:25,781 AND THESE PUBLICATIONS TODAY IS 1292 00:56:25,781 --> 00:56:27,516 BECAUSE, LIKE I SAID, THAT 1293 00:56:27,516 --> 00:56:31,787 REALLY IS THE EASIEST WAY TO 1294 00:56:31,787 --> 00:56:34,190 FIND THESE PEOPLE. BECAUSE I 1295 00:56:34,190 --> 00:56:35,791 STARTED A DIFFERENT WAY. WHICH 1296 00:56:35,791 --> 00:56:38,094 IS AS I, YOU KNOW, SAID IN MY 1297 00:56:38,094 --> 00:56:42,198 INTERVIEW ON CIRCULATING NOW, I 1298 00:56:42,198 --> 00:56:47,269 STARTED WITH THE CLASSIC HISTORY 1299 00:56:47,269 --> 00:56:48,437 RESEARCH SOURCE IN THE PERSONAL 1300 00:56:48,437 --> 00:56:51,007 PAPERS COLLECTION. RIGHT? SO I 1301 00:56:51,007 --> 00:56:53,743 WENT LOOKING IN SOME PHYSICIAN'S 1302 00:56:53,743 --> 00:56:56,345 PERSONAL PAPERS TRYING TO 1303 00:56:56,345 --> 00:57:01,083 IDENTIFY INDIVIDUALS THAT WAY. 1304 00:57:01,083 --> 00:57:04,153 BUT JUST DUE TO THE KIND OF 1305 00:57:04,153 --> 00:57:07,757 PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION OF 1306 00:57:07,757 --> 00:57:09,325 BASICALLY ALL THESE COLLECTIONS 1307 00:57:09,325 --> 00:57:10,226 AND THAT KIND OF SELF-FASHIONING 1308 00:57:10,226 --> 00:57:16,332 OF THE COLLECTIONS TO BE ABOUT, 1309 00:57:16,332 --> 00:57:18,267 YOU KNOW, THE HUSBAND'S PUBLIC 1310 00:57:18,267 --> 00:57:19,935 FACING MEDICAL CAREER, WHAT GETS 1311 00:57:19,935 --> 00:57:25,775 LOST IS A LOT OF THOSE KIND OF 1312 00:57:25,775 --> 00:57:30,246 DETAILS ABOUT PERSONAL LIFE, 1313 00:57:30,246 --> 00:57:35,518 DOMESTIC LIFE, THE WIFE BOULDER 1314 00:57:35,518 --> 00:57:37,253 IS AN OCCASIONAL PHENOMENON I 1315 00:57:37,253 --> 00:57:40,256 WOULD ENCOUNTER BUT FOR THE MOST 1316 00:57:40,256 --> 00:57:44,794 PART, DOCTOR'S WIVES IN THE 1317 00:57:44,794 --> 00:57:47,029 BROADLY SPEAKING ARCHIVE OF 1318 00:57:47,029 --> 00:57:48,564 MEDICINE GET DISAPPEARED IN THAT 1319 00:57:48,564 --> 00:57:50,733 EFFORT TO KIND OF CREATE THESE 1320 00:57:50,733 --> 00:57:53,502 COLLECTIONS. WHICH IS IRONIC 1321 00:57:53,502 --> 00:57:55,771 BECAUSE SO MANY OF THEM ARE SO 1322 00:57:55,771 --> 00:57:57,540 INVOLVED IN PRESERVING PAPERS 1323 00:57:57,540 --> 00:58:00,443 AND DONATING THEM TO ARCHIVES SO 1324 00:58:00,443 --> 00:58:03,946 FINDING THEM THAT WAY WAS VERY 1325 00:58:03,946 --> 00:58:05,681 DIFFICULT. AND THERE IS KIND OF 1326 00:58:05,681 --> 00:58:09,552 A TWIN PHENOMENON THERE OF A 1327 00:58:09,552 --> 00:58:13,022 VERY WELL-INTENTIONED AND DEEPLY 1328 00:58:13,022 --> 00:58:17,359 FEMINIST IMPULSE TO KIND OF VIEW 1329 00:58:17,359 --> 00:58:23,199 WOMEN AS INDIVIDUALS IN THEIR 1330 00:58:23,199 --> 00:58:25,267 OWN RIGHT AND FROM THE OTHER END 1331 00:58:25,267 --> 00:58:26,602 YOU LOSE THAT CONNECTION OF OH, 1332 00:58:26,602 --> 00:58:30,639 SHE MARRIED SO AND SO. IN A LOT 1333 00:58:30,639 --> 00:58:32,208 OF, YOU KNOW, FUNDING AIDS OR 1334 00:58:32,208 --> 00:58:35,244 DESCRIPTION OF PEOPLE, RIGHT? 1335 00:58:35,244 --> 00:58:36,746 SO I WILL OFTEN FIND ABOUT 1336 00:58:36,746 --> 00:58:38,781 RANDOM PEOPLE AND ONLY LATER 1337 00:58:38,781 --> 00:58:40,816 MAKE THE CONNECTION OH, THAT IS 1338 00:58:40,816 --> 00:58:44,453 A DOCTOR'S WIFE. INTERESTING. 1339 00:58:44,453 --> 00:58:47,590 RIGHT 1340 00:58:47,590 --> 00:58:49,925 RIGHT? IT'S VERY COMPLICATED. 1341 00:58:49,925 --> 00:58:51,694 IN THE SHADOWS IS DEFINITELY A 1342 00:58:51,694 --> 00:58:53,796 GOOD WAY OF PUTTING IT. 1343 00:58:53,796 --> 00:58:58,234 >> JEFF: THANK YOU. SO A 1344 00:58:58,234 --> 00:59:00,803 FURTHER QUESTION, AND AN 1345 00:59:00,803 --> 00:59:02,271 INSIGHTFUL OBSERVATION IS THANK 1346 00:59:02,271 --> 00:59:03,672 YOU FOR THIS FASCINATING AND 1347 00:59:03,672 --> 00:59:05,107 NECESSARY RESEARCH. THIS 1348 00:59:05,107 --> 00:59:06,876 INDIVIDUAL WRITES IN: I DON'T 1349 00:59:06,876 --> 00:59:09,078 KNOW IF YOU HAVE STILL TRYING TO 1350 00:59:09,078 --> 00:59:10,079 IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL WOMEN WHOSE 1351 00:59:10,079 --> 00:59:12,248 STORIES YOU WANT TO FLESH OUT. 1352 00:59:12,248 --> 00:59:14,250 BUT I'VE OFTEN THOUGHT THAT 1353 00:59:14,250 --> 00:59:16,752 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AT THE FRONT OF 1354 00:59:16,752 --> 00:59:19,188 TEXTBOOKS OR BOOKS AND/OR BOOKS 1355 00:59:19,188 --> 00:59:20,923 BY HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS MIGHT 1356 00:59:20,923 --> 00:59:23,626 BE A WAY TO UNCOVER AND HONOR 1357 00:59:23,626 --> 00:59:25,394 SOME OF THOSE WOMEN. 1358 00:59:25,394 --> 00:59:26,128 ANECDOTALLY THIS INDIVIDUAL 1359 00:59:26,128 --> 00:59:28,964 WRITES IT SEEMS THE MAJORITY OF 1360 00:59:28,964 --> 00:59:30,499 DEDICATIONS ARE TO THEIR WIVES 1361 00:59:30,499 --> 00:59:32,368 AND PERHAPS THOSE WIVES HAD 1362 00:59:32,368 --> 00:59:33,903 THEIR OWN PROFESSIONS, ET 1363 00:59:33,903 --> 00:59:35,638 CETERA. IT'S A BIT OF A NEED 1364 00:59:35,638 --> 00:59:38,007 UNTIL A HAYSTACK BUT IT MIGHT BE 1365 00:59:38,007 --> 00:59:40,309 OF SOME VALUE TO YOU. 1366 00:59:40,309 --> 00:59:42,845 >> KELLY: YEAH, THAT'S A GREAT 1367 00:59:42,845 --> 00:59:48,417 SUGGESTION. IT REMINDS ME THE 1368 00:59:48,417 --> 00:59:51,053 TWITTER HASHTAG FROM A FEW YEARS 1369 00:59:51,053 --> 00:59:52,721 BACK, THANKS FOR TYPING WHICH 1370 00:59:52,721 --> 00:59:54,456 WAS ABOUT THIS PHENOMENON IN 1371 00:59:54,456 --> 00:59:57,059 GENERAL OF WIVES PERFORMING THIS 1372 00:59:57,059 --> 00:59:59,061 KIND OF SECRETARIAL LABOR FOR 1373 00:59:59,061 --> 01:00:00,296 PEOPLE WHO ARE PUBLISHING, 1374 01:00:00,296 --> 01:00:04,099 RIGHT? YEAH, SO A LOT OF THAT 1375 01:00:04,099 --> 01:00:08,304 WORK OFTEN GOES UNACKNOWLEDGED 1376 01:00:08,304 --> 01:00:10,573 BUT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND 1377 01:00:10,573 --> 01:00:12,107 DEDICATIONS ARE NICE LITTLE 1378 01:00:12,107 --> 01:00:14,743 BREAD CRUMBS THAT I'VE FOUND. I 1379 01:00:14,743 --> 01:00:19,949 ALSO FOR SIMILAR REASONS, 1380 01:00:19,949 --> 01:00:22,785 REALLY -- I DON'T LOVE BUT 1381 01:00:22,785 --> 01:00:25,254 APPRECIATE OBITUARIES AND, YOU 1382 01:00:25,254 --> 01:00:28,324 KNOW, YOU TAKE NOTES ON NAMES 1383 01:00:28,324 --> 01:00:31,927 AND, YOU KNOW, LOOK THEM UP ON 1384 01:00:31,927 --> 01:00:33,295 ANCESTRY.COM OR WHATEVER THINGS 1385 01:00:33,295 --> 01:00:35,664 YOU NEED TO DO TO FIND THE KIND 1386 01:00:35,664 --> 01:00:37,166 OF THREAD THAT YOU CAN START 1387 01:00:37,166 --> 01:00:38,834 PULLING ON. TO LOCATE THESE 1388 01:00:38,834 --> 01:00:41,737 PEOPLE. BUT, YEAH, IT'S VERY, 1389 01:00:41,737 --> 01:00:44,907 LIKE, NEED UNTIL A HAYSTACK TO 1390 01:00:44,907 --> 01:00:45,808 APPROACH THIS FROM THE 1391 01:00:45,808 --> 01:00:49,078 INDIVIDUAL LEVEL. BUT I AM 1392 01:00:49,078 --> 01:00:51,180 HOPEFUL THAT I WILL BE ABLE TO 1393 01:00:51,180 --> 01:00:55,217 HAVE SOME SUCCESS THERE. SLOWLY 1394 01:00:55,217 --> 01:00:57,486 KIND OF BUILD UP THAT BASE OF 1395 01:00:57,486 --> 01:01:05,060 INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR STORIES. 1396 01:01:05,060 --> 01:01:10,499 >> JEFF: BY ALL MEASURES I THINK 1397 01:01:10,499 --> 01:01:15,304 YOU WILL B. A COUPLE MORE 1398 01:01:15,304 --> 01:01:15,638 QUESTIONS. 1399 01:01:15,638 --> 01:01:16,906 THANK YOU FOR THIS WONDERFUL 1400 01:01:16,906 --> 01:01:20,509 TALK. DID YOU RESEARCH GIVE ANY 1401 01:01:20,509 --> 01:01:22,144 INDICATION THAT THE DOCTOR'S 1402 01:01:22,144 --> 01:01:24,213 WIVES FOR EFFECTIVE IN PUSHING 1403 01:01:24,213 --> 01:01:26,015 THEIR HUSBANDS IN CERTAIN 1404 01:01:26,015 --> 01:01:28,951 DIRECTION LIKE IN CHARITABLE OR 1405 01:01:28,951 --> 01:01:31,787 POLITICAL ACTIVISM? 1406 01:01:31,787 --> 01:01:42,298 >> KELLY: UM, THAT'S ANOTHER 1407 01:01:43,232 --> 01:01:43,832 GREAT QUESTION THAT I DON'T WANT 1408 01:01:43,832 --> 01:01:45,234 TO MAKE GENERALIZATIONS ABOUT 1409 01:01:45,234 --> 01:01:48,404 YET. THERE'S ALWAYS THIS KIND 1410 01:01:48,404 --> 01:01:52,141 OF, LIKE, JOKEY REFERENCE TO, 1411 01:01:52,141 --> 01:01:55,210 YOU KNOW, LIKE, OH, THE ONE 1412 01:01:55,210 --> 01:01:58,013 BOOK, OUR BETTER HALVES, YOU 1413 01:01:58,013 --> 01:02:01,283 KNOW, OR -- AND ALL THESE KIND 1414 01:02:01,283 --> 01:02:02,785 OF SPEECHES AND THINGS THAT 1415 01:02:02,785 --> 01:02:04,353 PEOPLE WOULD GIVE AT CONFERENCES 1416 01:02:04,353 --> 01:02:06,088 LIKE, OH, LIKE, YOU KNOW, I OWE 1417 01:02:06,088 --> 01:02:07,790 THIS TO MY WIFE OR MY WIFE DOES 1418 01:02:07,790 --> 01:02:09,458 THIS OR DOES THAT. KEEPS ME ON 1419 01:02:09,458 --> 01:02:12,962 TRACK, RIGHT? SO YOU CAN KIND OF 1420 01:02:12,962 --> 01:02:15,998 GET LIKE SUBTLE HINTS ABOUT WHAT 1421 01:02:15,998 --> 01:02:19,435 GOES ON KIND OF IN THAT INTIMATE 1422 01:02:19,435 --> 01:02:22,137 DOMESTIC SPHERE BUT THAT KIND OF 1423 01:02:22,137 --> 01:02:25,441 THING IS ESPECIALLY AT THE 1424 01:02:25,441 --> 01:02:26,075 INDIVIDUAL LEVEL VERY DIFFICULT 1425 01:02:26,075 --> 01:02:36,585 TO GET A GRASP ON. WHAT I DO 1426 01:02:37,853 --> 01:02:40,122 SEE MORE OFTEN IS LIKE I TALKED 1427 01:02:40,122 --> 01:02:45,094 ABOUT MANY THIS TALK, THE KIND 1428 01:02:45,094 --> 01:02:52,368 OF -- OTHER WAY AROUND, LIKE, 1429 01:02:52,368 --> 01:02:59,041 THE MOVE FROM MEDICAL PROFESSION 1430 01:02:59,041 --> 01:03:01,610 SO DOCTOR'S WIVES TO THE 1431 01:03:01,610 --> 01:03:02,778 COMMUNITY AT LARGE, RIGHT? 1432 01:03:02,778 --> 01:03:05,280 THAT'S LIKE THE PROJECT OF THESE 1433 01:03:05,280 --> 01:03:09,184 KIND OF OUTREACH ATTEMPTS AND SO 1434 01:03:09,184 --> 01:03:12,221 FORTH. BUT SIMULTANEOUSLY LIKE 1435 01:03:12,221 --> 01:03:13,222 EVERY TIME SOMEONE COMES OVER 1436 01:03:13,222 --> 01:03:16,425 FROM, YOU KNOW, THE AMA 1437 01:03:16,425 --> 01:03:19,395 SPEAKER'S BUREAU OR WHATEVER AND 1438 01:03:19,395 --> 01:03:20,596 TALK TO THE AUXILIARY THEY 1439 01:03:20,596 --> 01:03:23,365 ALWAYS DO THIS DANCE OF, OH, WE 1440 01:03:23,365 --> 01:03:26,201 COULDN'T DO IT WITHOUT YOU. 1441 01:03:26,201 --> 01:03:27,603 IT'S KIND OF JOKEY LIKE DOMESTIC 1442 01:03:27,603 --> 01:03:29,304 HUMOR THAT GOES ON. I'M 1443 01:03:29,304 --> 01:03:31,273 INTERESTED IN, AGAIN, ONCE I GET 1444 01:03:31,273 --> 01:03:34,343 DOWN TO THE LEVEL OF THE 1445 01:03:34,343 --> 01:03:37,012 INDIVIDUAL, LIKE ACTUALLY SEEING 1446 01:03:37,012 --> 01:03:38,647 HOW DOES INFLUENCE WORK KIND OF 1447 01:03:38,647 --> 01:03:39,882 IN THAT OTHER DIRECTION? 1448 01:03:39,882 --> 01:03:43,385 BECAUSE I KNOW THAT IT'S GOING 1449 01:03:43,385 --> 01:03:45,487 ON. I JUST DON'T QUITE KNOW 1450 01:03:45,487 --> 01:03:47,756 ENOUGH TO GENERALIZE ABOUT HOW 1451 01:03:47,756 --> 01:03:50,259 THAT IS GOING ON YET. 1452 01:03:50,259 --> 01:03:53,629 >> JEFF: RIGHT THIS RELATE TO 1453 01:03:53,629 --> 01:03:55,164 ANOTHER QUESTION WE RECEIVED 1454 01:03:55,164 --> 01:03:58,634 REGARDING AMA. DID THE 1455 01:03:58,634 --> 01:04:00,269 AUXILIARY SUPPORT THEMSELVES OR 1456 01:04:00,269 --> 01:04:03,639 DID THE AMA IN PART SUBSIDIZE 1457 01:04:03,639 --> 01:04:05,274 THEM AND THIS PERSON WRITES 1458 01:04:05,274 --> 01:04:08,477 FURTHER, I ASSUME THE AMA PAID 1459 01:04:08,477 --> 01:04:11,080 FOR THE JOURNALS AND DO YOU HAVE 1460 01:04:11,080 --> 01:04:14,683 ANY THOUGHTS ABOUT WHY AMA 1461 01:04:14,683 --> 01:04:17,519 LEADERSHIP WANTED TO DO SO? 1462 01:04:17,519 --> 01:04:19,788 >> KELLY: THEY WERE DEFINITELY 1463 01:04:19,788 --> 01:04:22,091 SUBSIDIZED BY THE PARENT 1464 01:04:22,091 --> 01:04:25,928 ORGANIZATION. BY BUT THEY ALSO 1465 01:04:25,928 --> 01:04:27,729 HAD THEIR OWN MEMBERSHIP DUES SO 1466 01:04:27,729 --> 01:04:32,835 IT'S A COMBINATION. BUT 1467 01:04:32,835 --> 01:04:34,670 ESPECIALLY WHEN WE GET INTO THAT 1468 01:04:34,670 --> 01:04:35,904 MOMENT WHERE YOU SEE THAT THERE 1469 01:04:35,904 --> 01:04:37,573 ARE -- THE PIBL OCCASIONS 1470 01:04:37,573 --> 01:04:39,608 DEPARTMENT I THINK IS THE ONE 1471 01:04:39,608 --> 01:04:40,442 THAT DOES THIS. 1472 01:04:40,442 --> 01:04:43,779 BUT THEY'RE INVESTING IN THIS 1473 01:04:43,779 --> 01:04:46,949 REHAB OF THIS BULLETIN MAKING IT 1474 01:04:46,949 --> 01:04:51,086 INTO M.D.'S WIFE IN THE 60S AND 1475 01:04:51,086 --> 01:04:52,087 THEY'VE RECOGNIZED THAT THIS 1476 01:04:52,087 --> 01:04:55,190 GROUP IS USEFUL TO THEM FOR, YOU 1477 01:04:55,190 --> 01:04:58,961 KNOW, ALL THE WORK THAT THEY DO 1478 01:04:58,961 --> 01:05:01,196 CONVINCING PEOPLE TO WRITE TO 1479 01:05:01,196 --> 01:05:03,832 THEIR CONGRESSMEN OR DOING ALL 1480 01:05:03,832 --> 01:05:05,868 THEIR PUBLIC HEALTH OUTREACH, ON 1481 01:05:05,868 --> 01:05:08,604 A VOLUNTEER BASIS. KEEPING IN 1482 01:05:08,604 --> 01:05:12,474 MIND THIS IS IN A MOMENT WHEN 1483 01:05:12,474 --> 01:05:17,346 THE SECTOR OF THE ALLIED HEALTH 1484 01:05:17,346 --> 01:05:19,715 PROFESSION IS EXPLODING AND YOU 1485 01:05:19,715 --> 01:05:22,284 HAVE TO HAVE ALL THIS PAID LABOR 1486 01:05:22,284 --> 01:05:23,185 TO MAINTAIN YOUR PROFESSION. 1487 01:05:23,185 --> 01:05:27,356 THEY'RE LOOKING FORWARD TO THIS 1488 01:05:27,356 --> 01:05:28,056 AS SOMETHING USEFUL THAT THEY 1489 01:05:28,056 --> 01:05:30,259 WANT TO ENCOURAGE. SO, YOU CAN 1490 01:05:30,259 --> 01:05:32,027 ABSOLUTELY SEE THAT THE HAND 1491 01:05:32,027 --> 01:05:34,163 THERE BEING LIKE, OKAY, COOL, WE 1492 01:05:34,163 --> 01:05:35,130 WANT TO SUPPORT THIS AND KEEP 1493 01:05:35,130 --> 01:05:39,668 THIS GOING. AND I THINK THAT'S 1494 01:05:39,668 --> 01:05:41,737 WHY, YOU KNOW, IT'S THE LONGEST 1495 01:05:41,737 --> 01:05:44,239 LASTING, YOU KNOW, IN SOME FORM 1496 01:05:44,239 --> 01:05:47,543 IS STILL AROUND MORE OTHER 1497 01:05:47,543 --> 01:05:49,244 GROUPS KIND OF CATER OUT OR 1498 01:05:49,244 --> 01:05:51,780 NEVER REACH THE KIND OF SCALE 1499 01:05:51,780 --> 01:05:53,315 THAT THEY DO. THAT IS, YOU 1500 01:05:53,315 --> 01:05:55,784 KNOW, THAT'S THE BIG ONE. 1501 01:05:55,784 --> 01:05:58,987 RIGHT? AND IT'S BECAUSE OF THE 1502 01:05:58,987 --> 01:06:02,357 DEEP INTEGRATION OF THE 1503 01:06:02,357 --> 01:06:03,926 AUXILIARY AND THE PARENT 1504 01:06:03,926 --> 01:06:04,259 ORGANIZATION. 1505 01:06:04,259 --> 01:06:08,030 >> JEFF: I THINK THEY'RE IN, 1506 01:06:08,030 --> 01:06:11,934 YOU'VE GOT A VERY DYNAMIC FRAME 1507 01:06:11,934 --> 01:06:19,775 OF LOOKING AT THE HISTORY OF 1508 01:06:19,775 --> 01:06:22,811 PHILANTHROPY MORE OFTEN AND THE 1509 01:06:22,811 --> 01:06:24,947 GENDER. JUST THINKING OFF THE 1510 01:06:24,947 --> 01:06:26,515 CUFF HERE. THOSE ARE THOUGHTS 1511 01:06:26,515 --> 01:06:28,116 COMING FROM PEOPLE BUT I'M HAPPY 1512 01:06:28,116 --> 01:06:31,086 TO BE IN FURTHER TOUCH TO TALK 1513 01:06:31,086 --> 01:06:35,090 ABOUT THAT. WHEN YOU THINK 1514 01:06:35,090 --> 01:06:38,527 ABOUT LADIES' AUXILIARIES AND 1515 01:06:38,527 --> 01:06:40,229 HOW THEY ARE STRUCTURED THROUGH 1516 01:06:40,229 --> 01:06:42,931 THEIR OWN BYLAWS THROUGH THEIR 1517 01:06:42,931 --> 01:06:45,367 OWN, YOU KNOW, FOCUS ON CERTAIN 1518 01:06:45,367 --> 01:06:47,769 CAUSES THAT ARE EITHER RELATED 1519 01:06:47,769 --> 01:06:49,972 TO THE PARENT ORGANIZATION OR 1520 01:06:49,972 --> 01:06:53,175 NOT, YOU BEGIN TO SEE OBVIOUSLY 1521 01:06:53,175 --> 01:06:56,645 VERY CLEAR DEGREES OF 1522 01:06:56,645 --> 01:06:59,481 INDEPENDENCE YET ALSO IF NOT 1523 01:06:59,481 --> 01:07:04,253 DEPENDENCE, YOU SEE A VERY 1524 01:07:04,253 --> 01:07:05,387 COMPLEX RELATIONSHIP WHICH YOU 1525 01:07:05,387 --> 01:07:07,489 YOURSELF KNOW ALREADY IN YOUR 1526 01:07:07,489 --> 01:07:08,490 CONTACTS. SO THERE'S A LOT HERE 1527 01:07:08,490 --> 01:07:12,928 TO UNPACK. IT'S VERY EXCITING. 1528 01:07:12,928 --> 01:07:14,596 YEAH. THIS IS GREAT. 1529 01:07:14,596 --> 01:07:15,564 >> KELLY: THANK YOU. 1530 01:07:15,564 --> 01:07:17,532 >> JEFF: AN OBSERVATION THAT 1531 01:07:17,532 --> 01:07:19,468 SOMEONE WRITES IN IS ONE COULD 1532 01:07:19,468 --> 01:07:21,236 ARGUE THAT IN SOME PERIOD THE 1533 01:07:21,236 --> 01:07:24,706 AMA WAS IN EFFECT SUPPORTING 1534 01:07:24,706 --> 01:07:28,110 SEPARATE SPHERES. VERY 1535 01:07:28,110 --> 01:07:30,779 INTERESTING OBSERVATION. 1536 01:07:30,779 --> 01:07:35,550 >> KELLY: I AGREE WITH THAT AND, 1537 01:07:35,550 --> 01:07:37,886 SORRY, WILL ALSO SAY JUST -- 1538 01:07:37,886 --> 01:07:38,654 MAYBE NOT SO MUCH AT THE 1539 01:07:38,654 --> 01:07:42,057 NATIONAL LEVEL BUT ONCE YOU GET 1540 01:07:42,057 --> 01:07:52,534 DOWN TO KIND OF LOCALLY, TO 1541 01:07:57,839 --> 01:07:59,374 COMINGLE AND CONCERN THEMSELVES 1542 01:07:59,374 --> 01:08:01,476 WITH. THIS IS NOT JUST A WIFE 1543 01:08:01,476 --> 01:08:04,713 THING BUT A GENDER THING. 1544 01:08:04,713 --> 01:08:07,149 >> JEFF: ANOTHER ASPECT OF THIS 1545 01:08:07,149 --> 01:08:09,251 AND THIS IS ME, COMING FROM ME 1546 01:08:09,251 --> 01:08:11,687 AND COMING TO OUR FINAL QUESTION 1547 01:08:11,687 --> 01:08:14,356 IS THE PRODUCTIONS OF THESE 1548 01:08:14,356 --> 01:08:17,926 GROUPS BOTH IN TERMS OF 1549 01:08:17,926 --> 01:08:20,696 PUBLICATIONS, THE JOURNALS, 1550 01:08:20,696 --> 01:08:22,831 EPHEMERA AND MATERIAL 1551 01:08:22,831 --> 01:08:26,768 PRODUCTIONS, AWARDS, PLAQUES, 1552 01:08:26,768 --> 01:08:27,636 PINS, THERE'S ANOTHER POTENTIAL 1553 01:08:27,636 --> 01:08:32,074 AVENUE THERE THAT COULD OPEN UP 1554 01:08:32,074 --> 01:08:35,777 SOME RESOURCES AND PATHS FOR 1555 01:08:35,777 --> 01:08:38,847 RESEARCH AT MUSEUMS, OBVIOUSLY. 1556 01:08:38,847 --> 01:08:43,285 >> KELLY: IF ANYONE HAS ANY 1557 01:08:43,285 --> 01:08:46,121 SEAMS FOR THE DOCTOR'S WIFE ROSE 1558 01:08:46,121 --> 01:08:48,423 THAT THEY CULTIVATED IN AROUND 1559 01:08:48,423 --> 01:08:51,960 THE LATE 60S AND ADVERTISED 1560 01:08:51,960 --> 01:08:53,628 PLEASE SEND THEM TO ME, I WOULD 1561 01:08:53,628 --> 01:08:56,965 LOVE TO GROW ONE. 1562 01:08:56,965 --> 01:09:03,438 >> JEFF: OUR COLLEAGUES AT THE 1563 01:09:03,438 --> 01:09:04,473 SMITHSONIAN I WILL CONTACT THEM 1564 01:09:04,473 --> 01:09:06,441 AND THE RESOURCES AT THE 1565 01:09:06,441 --> 01:09:07,309 NATIONALING A DPRI CULTURAL 1566 01:09:07,309 --> 01:09:09,478 LIBRARY THAT MIGHT BE A PLACE 1567 01:09:09,478 --> 01:09:11,780 WORTH -- THEY HAVE A FANTASTIC 1568 01:09:11,780 --> 01:09:13,648 COLLECTION OF SEED CATALOGS. 1569 01:09:13,648 --> 01:09:15,417 THAT ARE WORTH, YOU MIGHT WANT 1570 01:09:15,417 --> 01:09:17,686 TO DROP THEM -- I AM HAPPY TO 1571 01:09:17,686 --> 01:09:20,355 MENTION THAT FOR FOLKS IF THAT'S 1572 01:09:20,355 --> 01:09:22,724 HELPFUL. SO, A FINAL QUESTION. 1573 01:09:22,724 --> 01:09:24,259 REALLY A STATEMENT. THIS IS AN 1574 01:09:24,259 --> 01:09:26,094 EXCELLENT TALK BUT I FEEL LIKE 1575 01:09:26,094 --> 01:09:28,230 THERE'S PROBABLY MORE TO SAY. 1576 01:09:28,230 --> 01:09:29,398 WHERE DO YOU SEE YOUR RESEARCH 1577 01:09:29,398 --> 01:09:31,366 GOING FROM HERE IN WAYS THAT 1578 01:09:31,366 --> 01:09:32,300 PERHAPS YOU HAVEN'T ALREADY 1579 01:09:32,300 --> 01:09:34,536 SHARED WITH US. IS THERE A 1580 01:09:34,536 --> 01:09:35,203 LARGER PUBLICATION PROJECT THAT 1581 01:09:35,203 --> 01:09:38,073 WE COULD LOOK FORWARD TO? WHAT 1582 01:09:38,073 --> 01:09:39,441 ARE YOUR NEXT PATH -- WHAT'S 1583 01:09:39,441 --> 01:09:41,877 YOUR NEXT STEPS THAT PERHAPS YOU 1584 01:09:41,877 --> 01:09:43,779 WANT OR WILL SHARE WITH US IN 1585 01:09:43,779 --> 01:09:47,115 MORE DETAIL IF AT ALL? 1586 01:09:47,115 --> 01:09:51,787 >> KELLY: YEAH, SO THIS IS 1587 01:09:51,787 --> 01:09:52,888 PRETTY PRELIMINARY EXCERPT FROM 1588 01:09:52,888 --> 01:09:55,791 WHAT I SEE ULTIMATELY AS BEING 1589 01:09:55,791 --> 01:09:59,294 LIKE A VERY BIG BOOK PROJECT. I 1590 01:09:59,294 --> 01:10:02,197 GOT SOME DREAMS FOR THIS 1591 01:10:02,197 --> 01:10:05,100 PROJECT, BUT LIKE I SAID, I 1592 01:10:05,100 --> 01:10:08,603 FOCUSED ON ONE ASPECT TODAY 1593 01:10:08,603 --> 01:10:13,842 WHICH IS REALLY THIS SOCIAL 1594 01:10:13,842 --> 01:10:14,810 ORGANIZE 1595 01:10:14,810 --> 01:10:18,713 ORGANIZING PUBLICATIONS LOOK AT 1596 01:10:18,713 --> 01:10:21,049 THIS TYPE OF GROUP, RIGHT, THE 1597 01:10:21,049 --> 01:10:22,651 WOMEN'S MEDICAL AUXILIARY FOR 1598 01:10:22,651 --> 01:10:25,353 THE MOST PART BUT THERE'S AN 1599 01:10:25,353 --> 01:10:28,123 ENTIRE OTHER WING OF THIS 1600 01:10:28,123 --> 01:10:32,727 PROJECT THAT I HAVE BEEN WORKING 1601 01:10:32,727 --> 01:10:35,397 ON THAT LOOKS AT -- AND THIS 1602 01:10:35,397 --> 01:10:38,834 WILL GET CLEARER WHEN I KIND OF 1603 01:10:38,834 --> 01:10:39,768 ENABLED ACCESS MORE INDIVIDUAL 1604 01:10:39,768 --> 01:10:43,271 STORIES THAN I HAVE ACCESS TO 1605 01:10:43,271 --> 01:10:46,441 NOW. I LOOK AT REALLY WHAT 1606 01:10:46,441 --> 01:10:48,577 PRACTICE LOOKS LIKE AND WHAT 1607 01:10:48,577 --> 01:10:51,379 LABOR LOOKS LIKE IN KIND OF 1608 01:10:51,379 --> 01:10:52,214 MODERNIZING AMERICAN MEDICINE. 1609 01:10:52,214 --> 01:10:58,053 SO I AM REALLY INTERESTED IN THE 1610 01:10:58,053 --> 01:11:00,021 DOCTOR'S WIFE AS A MEDICAL 1611 01:11:00,021 --> 01:11:05,727 WORKER IN SOME SENSES. HOW DO 1612 01:11:05,727 --> 01:11:08,296 THEY INTERFACE WITH NURSES, WHAT 1613 01:11:08,296 --> 01:11:10,532 TYPE OF NURSING WORK HAD THEY 1614 01:11:10,532 --> 01:11:12,267 BEEN ENLISTED TO DO. ESPECIALLY 1615 01:11:12,267 --> 01:11:14,035 IN AN EARLIER TIME PERIOD AS 1616 01:11:14,035 --> 01:11:17,706 NURSING ITSELF IS 1617 01:11:17,706 --> 01:11:18,373 PROFESSIONALIZING? WHAT ABOUT 1618 01:11:18,373 --> 01:11:21,543 ALL THAT KIND OF LIKE 1619 01:11:21,543 --> 01:11:24,813 BOOKKEEPING WORK OR, YOU KNOW, 1620 01:11:24,813 --> 01:11:28,250 MAYBE MEDICAL ASSISTANT KIND OF 1621 01:11:28,250 --> 01:11:31,920 WORK? THE, YOU KNOW, 1622 01:11:31,920 --> 01:11:35,423 VOLUNTEERING INTERACTING WITH 1623 01:11:35,423 --> 01:11:38,059 PATIENTS. EITHER KIND OF, YOU 1624 01:11:38,059 --> 01:11:40,328 KNOW, WHEN THEY CALL HOME TO THE 1625 01:11:40,328 --> 01:11:44,566 DOCTOR OR, YOU KNOW, IF THE 1626 01:11:44,566 --> 01:11:46,968 OFFICE IS ADJACENT TO THE HOME 1627 01:11:46,968 --> 01:11:49,170 OR THE WIFE IS NEARBY. HOW DOES 1628 01:11:49,170 --> 01:11:51,406 SHE INTERACT WITH PATIENTS. YOU 1629 01:11:51,406 --> 01:11:55,210 KNOW, NOT SOMETHING THAT HAPPENS 1630 01:11:55,210 --> 01:11:57,646 TODAY BUT CERTAINLY HAPPENED IN 1631 01:11:57,646 --> 01:12:02,317 A -- IN A PREVIOUS ERA SO I AM 1632 01:12:02,317 --> 01:12:05,487 REALLY TRYING TO GET A SENSE OF 1633 01:12:05,487 --> 01:12:08,657 THE KIND OF GENDERING OF MEDICAL 1634 01:12:08,657 --> 01:12:10,825 LABOR THROUGH THE FIGURE OF THE 1635 01:12:10,825 --> 01:12:12,060 DOCTOR'S WIFE BECAUSE THAT'S I 1636 01:12:12,060 --> 01:12:14,396 THINK A FIGURE THAT COMPLICATES 1637 01:12:14,396 --> 01:12:16,865 A LOT OF OUR HISTORIES OF 1638 01:12:16,865 --> 01:12:20,702 MEDICINE AND PROFESSIONALIZATION 1639 01:12:20,702 --> 01:12:23,772 AND, YOU KNOW, I THINK IT WILL 1640 01:12:23,772 --> 01:12:27,375 BE REALLY EXCITING TO SEE WHAT I 1641 01:12:27,375 --> 01:12:29,978 CAN FIND BECAUSE IN SO MANY 1642 01:12:29,978 --> 01:12:32,213 HISTORIES OF MEDICINE, WE KNOW 1643 01:12:32,213 --> 01:12:33,782 WHAT'S GOING ON BUT IF YOU STOP 1644 01:12:33,782 --> 01:12:36,785 AND THINK ABOUT IT, LIKE THE ONE 1645 01:12:36,785 --> 01:12:38,320 PERSON WHO COMMENTED SAID, 1646 01:12:38,320 --> 01:12:40,221 THERE'S SOMEONE THERE IN THE 1647 01:12:40,221 --> 01:12:42,090 SHADOWS, RIGHT? I WANT TO PUT 1648 01:12:42,090 --> 01:12:45,260 THE SPOTLIGHT ON THE PERSON IN 1649 01:12:45,260 --> 01:12:46,261 THE SHADOWS AND SEE WHAT THAT 1650 01:12:46,261 --> 01:12:47,929 DOES TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF 1651 01:12:47,929 --> 01:12:49,998 MEDICAL PRACTICE IN A WHOLE 1652 01:12:49,998 --> 01:12:52,334 BUNCH OF DIFFERENT WAYS. SO I 1653 01:12:52,334 --> 01:12:54,135 AM EXCITED ABOUT GETTING THERE. 1654 01:12:54,135 --> 01:12:57,572 BUT THAT'S, YOU KNOW, THAT'S 1655 01:12:57,572 --> 01:12:59,407 PERHAPS THE MORE AMBITIOUS PART 1656 01:12:59,407 --> 01:13:00,775 OF THE PROJECT THAT WE'LL HAVE 1657 01:13:00,775 --> 01:13:02,043 TO MAYBE COME BACK AND GIVE 1658 01:13:02,043 --> 01:13:04,546 ANOTHER TALK ABOUT IT IN A 1659 01:13:04,546 --> 01:13:05,480 COUPLE YEARS. 1660 01:13:05,480 --> 01:13:06,448 >> JEFF: THAT'S GREAT AND WE 1661 01:13:06,448 --> 01:13:08,049 LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING AND BEING 1662 01:13:08,049 --> 01:13:11,786 A PART OF YOUR RESEARCH HERE AT 1663 01:13:11,786 --> 01:13:12,420 THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 1664 01:13:12,420 --> 01:13:15,423 AND CERTAINLY ALL WHO HAVE TUNED 1665 01:13:15,423 --> 01:13:19,227 IN TODAY TO PR THE LIBRARIES AND 1666 01:13:19,227 --> 01:13:20,829 ARCHIVES WHOSE COLLECTIONS CAN 1667 01:13:20,829 --> 01:13:23,064 BE OF USE TO YOU POINTEDLY. 1668 01:13:23,064 --> 01:13:24,232 IT'S A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR US 1669 01:13:24,232 --> 01:13:26,501 TO ALL CONNECT IN THIS REGARD 1670 01:13:26,501 --> 01:13:27,969 AROUND YOUR GREAT RESEARCH. 1671 01:13:27,969 --> 01:13:29,504 AND LOOK FORWARD TO KEEPING IN 1672 01:13:29,504 --> 01:13:31,172 TOUCH AND ON BEHALF OF MY 1673 01:13:31,172 --> 01:13:33,908 COLLEAGUES HERE AT THE NLM, WE 1674 01:13:33,908 --> 01:13:34,776 REALLY THANK YOU FOR PUTTING 1675 01:13:34,776 --> 01:13:36,778 THIS TALK TOGETHER, BEING A PART 1676 01:13:36,778 --> 01:13:39,180 OF OUR INTERVIEW SERIES ON OUR 1677 01:13:39,180 --> 01:13:40,448 BLOG CIRCULATING NOW AND WE LOOK 1678 01:13:40,448 --> 01:13:41,716 FORWARD TO KEEPING IN TOUCH AND 1679 01:13:41,716 --> 01:13:42,717 I WILL FOLLOW UP WITH YOU WITH 1680 01:13:42,717 --> 01:13:44,919 THE CONTACTS THAT I HAVE AND A 1681 01:13:44,919 --> 01:13:47,088 FEW IDEAS TO BE HELPFUL AND 1682 01:13:47,088 --> 01:13:48,723 ALWAYS TO YOU AND EVERYONE WHO 1683 01:13:48,723 --> 01:13:50,191 IS WATCHING IF WE COULD BE A 1684 01:13:50,191 --> 01:13:51,526 RESOURCE FOR YOU IN YOUR WORK 1685 01:13:51,526 --> 01:13:52,794 FURTHER OR FOR THE FIRST TIME 1686 01:13:52,794 --> 01:13:54,562 FOR SOME OF YOU, YOU KNOW, DON'T 1687 01:13:54,562 --> 01:13:56,665 HESITATE TO REACH OUT SO 1688 01:13:56,665 --> 01:13:57,666 DR. O'DONNELL, THANK YOU VERY 1689 01:13:57,666 --> 01:13:58,867 MUCH FOR YOUR GREAT TALK THIS 1690 01:13:58,867 --> 01:14:02,303 AFTERNOON. AND, AGAIN, FOR 1691 01:14:02,303 --> 01:14:04,673 PREPARING IT AND THE ENGAGEMENT. 1692 01:14:04,673 --> 01:14:05,040 THANK YOU. 1693 01:14:05,040 --> 01:14:06,808 >> KELLY: THANK YOU. 1694 01:14:06,808 --> 01:14:10,111 >> JEFF: YOU'RE WELCOME. SO 1695 01:14:10,111 --> 01:14:11,446 BEFORE WE DEPART THIS AFTERNOON, 1696 01:14:11,446 --> 01:14:14,849 I JUST WANT TO REMIND THOSE OF 1697 01:14:14,849 --> 01:14:15,917 YOU WHO ARE WATCHING THAT YOU 1698 01:14:15,917 --> 01:14:17,919 CAN TUNE IN TO THE NEXT HISTORY 1699 01:14:17,919 --> 01:14:19,521 TALK WHICH WILL BE THE FINAL ONE 1700 01:14:19,521 --> 01:14:23,058 OF OUR CALENDAR YEAR ON THURSDAY 1701 01:14:23,058 --> 01:14:24,292 NOVEMBER 2ND AT 2 P.M. EASTERN 1702 01:14:24,292 --> 01:14:26,928 TIME PLEASE JOIN US TO WELCOME 1703 01:14:26,928 --> 01:14:28,697 MELISSA B. REYNOLDS, 1704 01:14:28,697 --> 01:14:34,202 DR. REYNOLDS IS A MELLON 1705 01:14:34,202 --> 01:14:37,072 DOCTORAL FELLOW AS WELL AS IN 1706 01:14:37,072 --> 01:14:40,642 THE SOCIOLOGY OF SINCE IN THE 1707 01:14:40,642 --> 01:14:41,976 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SHE 1708 01:14:41,976 --> 01:14:43,778 WILL TALK ABOUT THE NATIONAL 1709 01:14:43,778 --> 01:14:45,213 MEDICAL TRADITION. AND PLEASE 1710 01:14:45,213 --> 01:14:47,716 ALSO LOOK FOR AN INTERVIEW WITH 1711 01:14:47,716 --> 01:14:52,487 DR. REYNOLDS ON OUR BLOG 1712 01:14:52,487 --> 01:14:54,155 CIRCULATING NOW. AND WE WILL 1713 01:14:54,155 --> 01:14:55,924 SEE YOU ON NOVEMBER 2ND AND LOOK 1714 01:14:55,924 --> 01:14:58,126 FORWARD TO KEEPING TOUCH DURING 1715 01:14:58,126 --> 01:14:59,994 THAT TIME AND THEREAFTER. THANK 1716 01:14:59,994 --> 01:15:10,271 YOU. BYE-BYE.