1 00:00:05,320 --> 00:00:09,800 >> I'M KIM PELIS, 2 00:00:09,800 --> 00:00:12,760 DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF 3 00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:14,600 NIH HISTORY AND STETTEN MUSEUM 4 00:00:14,600 --> 00:00:18,080 SEE. FOR THOSE REPOETLY YOU MAY 5 00:00:18,080 --> 00:00:21,040 SUBMIT QUESTIONS ANYTIME USING 6 00:00:21,040 --> 00:00:22,200 THE SEND FEEDBACK BUTTON WE'LL 7 00:00:22,200 --> 00:00:24,920 BE ASSEMBLING THE QUESTIONS AND 8 00:00:24,920 --> 00:00:26,040 DELIVERING THEM THE OUR SPEAKER 9 00:00:26,040 --> 00:00:28,480 AT THE END ALONG WITH OUR LIVE 10 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:30,000 QUESTIONS THAT WILL BE HERE AT 11 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:32,400 THE HALL. AND WITH THAT, IT IS 12 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:34,520 MY PLEASURE TO WELCOME YOU ALL 13 00:00:34,520 --> 00:00:38,040 TO THIS FIRST OFFICIAL EVENT OF 14 00:00:38,040 --> 00:00:40,400 ONHM'S NEW SEMINAR SERIES 15 00:00:40,400 --> 00:00:43,160 HISTORY AND CONTEXT THIS SERIES 16 00:00:43,160 --> 00:00:45,960 BUILDS UPON A LECTURE SERIES IN 17 00:00:45,960 --> 00:00:48,640 BIOMEDICAL HISTORY ORIGINATED BY 18 00:00:48,640 --> 00:00:51,560 TWO FORMER ACTING DIRECTORS 19 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:55,960 CHRISTOPHER AND DR. ALAN S. I 20 00:00:55,960 --> 00:00:57,520 DON'T SEE ALAN HERE YET BUT HE 21 00:00:57,520 --> 00:00:59,440 WILL BE. CHRIS IS AT MY LEFT. 22 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:02,360 WE ARE GRATEFUL TO EACH OF THEM 23 00:01:02,360 --> 00:01:03,640 FOR FAR MORE THAN SIMPLY 24 00:01:03,640 --> 00:01:06,400 STARTING A WONDERFUL LECTURE 25 00:01:06,400 --> 00:01:08,440 SERIES. I'M ESPECIALLY 26 00:01:08,440 --> 00:01:10,080 DELIGHTED TO KICK OFF OUR NEW 27 00:01:10,080 --> 00:01:11,760 SERIES WITH WHAT WILL BE AN 28 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:14,000 ANNUAL LECTURE NAMED IN HONOR OF 29 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:17,360 OUR OFFICES' FOUNDING DIRECTOR, 30 00:01:17,360 --> 00:01:20,760 DR. VICTORIA A. HARDEN AND I'M 31 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:21,880 HONORED BEYOND WORDS THAT SHE 32 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:24,000 HAS AGREED TO DELIVER OUR FIRST 33 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:26,200 HARDEN LECTURE. I COULD GO ON 34 00:01:26,200 --> 00:01:28,240 USING MANY WORDS TO TALK ABOUT 35 00:01:28,240 --> 00:01:29,320 HER ACCOMPLISHMENTS, BUT THAT 36 00:01:29,320 --> 00:01:31,440 WOULD TAKE TIME AWAY FROM THE 37 00:01:31,440 --> 00:01:33,280 LECTURE WHICH PROMISES TO MAKE A 38 00:01:33,280 --> 00:01:35,080 SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO NIH 39 00:01:35,080 --> 00:01:37,240 HISTORY SO INSTEAD I WILL 40 00:01:37,240 --> 00:01:40,840 SOMEWHERE MENTION A FEW KEY 41 00:01:40,840 --> 00:01:43,920 POINTS. VICTORIA HARDEN 42 00:01:43,920 --> 00:01:45,440 SPECIALIZED IN HISTORY. WHERE 43 00:01:45,440 --> 00:01:47,960 SHE EARNED HER BA AND PH.D. SHE 44 00:01:47,960 --> 00:01:50,000 CONDUCTED MUCH OF HER 45 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:52,760 DISSERTATION RESEARCH AS A 46 00:01:52,760 --> 00:01:54,520 FELLOW AT THE SMITHSONIAN'S 47 00:01:54,520 --> 00:01:56,280 NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN 48 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:58,440 HISTORY BEFORE TAKING A POSTDOC 49 00:01:58,440 --> 00:02:03,000 SUPPORTED BY LNM AT THE HOPKINS 50 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:04,280 SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. HER FIRST 51 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:06,800 BOOK INVENTING THE NIH WAS THE 52 00:02:06,800 --> 00:02:08,960 IMMENSELY USEFUL PRODUCT OF THAT 53 00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:11,640 RESEARCH. SHE CAME TO NIH IN 54 00:02:11,640 --> 00:02:15,120 1984 WHERE SHE WORKED AT NIAID 55 00:02:15,120 --> 00:02:19,320 ON HER FOLLOW-UP BOOK ON ROCKY 56 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:22,560 MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER. THIS 57 00:02:22,560 --> 00:02:25,560 PLACED HER IN BETHESDA JUST AS 58 00:02:25,560 --> 00:02:26,480 THE LEADERSHIP WAS THINKING 59 00:02:26,480 --> 00:02:29,000 ABOUT HOW TO BEST CELEBRATE 60 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:34,440 NIH'S FAST APPROACHING 61 00:02:34,440 --> 00:02:37,200 CENTENNIAL. SPECIFICALLY, A 62 00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:37,800 SCIENTIST AND ADMINISTRATOR 63 00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:40,560 SOUGHT TO HONOR AND PRESERVE NIH 64 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:43,280 HISTORY BY FOUNDING A MUSEUM. 65 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:46,080 HE APPOINTED DR. HARDEN IT'S 66 00:02:46,080 --> 00:02:49,680 FOUNDING DIRECTOR AND SHE 67 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:51,280 REMAINED DIRECTOR FOR 20 YEARS 68 00:02:51,280 --> 00:02:57,160 RETIRING IN 2006. DR. HARDEN A 69 00:02:57,160 --> 00:02:58,080 PUBLIC HISTORIAN AT HEART 70 00:02:58,080 --> 00:02:59,720 UNDERSTOOD HER CHALLENGE TO GET 71 00:02:59,720 --> 00:03:02,680 FORWARD LOOKING SCIENTISTS AND 72 00:03:02,680 --> 00:03:11,960 THE OFTEN HISTORY AC -- AGNOSTIC 73 00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:14,280 PUBLIC ALIKE TO BE A PART OF 74 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:15,840 THIS. SHE USED ALL THE TOOLS 75 00:03:15,840 --> 00:03:18,320 AVAILABLE TO HISTORIANS,S 76 00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:26,120 CONFERENCES, PHYSICAL EXHIBITS, 77 00:03:26,120 --> 00:03:28,960 I WILL PUBLICATIONS. AND ALSO 78 00:03:28,960 --> 00:03:32,080 GAVE CENTRAL PLACE TO CAPTURING 79 00:03:32,080 --> 00:03:33,200 LIVING HISTORY 80 00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:36,040 THROUGH ORAL HISTORY WITH KEY 81 00:03:36,040 --> 00:03:37,760 RESEARCHERS AND CONTINUE TO 82 00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,240 CONDUCT THESE TO THIS DAY AS A 83 00:03:40,240 --> 00:03:43,520 SPECIAL VOLUNTEER FOR OHNM. 84 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:45,400 HERS ARE THE GOLD STANDARD OF 85 00:03:45,400 --> 00:03:46,440 INTERVIEWING EXCELLENCE. 86 00:03:46,440 --> 00:03:48,160 DR. HARDEN ALSO HELPED CREATE 87 00:03:48,160 --> 00:03:52,480 THE NEXT GENERATION OF NIH SAVVY 88 00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:53,960 MEDICAL HISTORIANS WHOM SHE 89 00:03:53,960 --> 00:03:55,440 PERSONALLY MENTORED AND TRAINED 90 00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:56,120 THROUGH THE HISTORY OFFICES 91 00:03:56,120 --> 00:03:58,520 STETTEN FELLOWS PROGRAM. NOW, I 92 00:03:58,520 --> 00:04:00,880 PROMISE TO LIMIT MY INTRODUCTION 93 00:04:00,880 --> 00:04:01,960 TO THE ESSENTIALS AND TRUST ME, 94 00:04:01,960 --> 00:04:03,640 THIS IS ONLY PART OF HER STORY. 95 00:04:03,640 --> 00:04:06,360 WHICH IS ALSO AN NIH STORY. 96 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:08,520 FITTINGLY SHE WILL TALK TO US 97 00:04:08,520 --> 00:04:12,240 TODAY ABOUT NIH STORIES, TELLING 98 00:04:12,240 --> 00:04:15,080 NIH HISTORY, STORY BY STORY. 99 00:04:15,080 --> 00:04:17,960 PLEASE WELCOME OUR FIRST ANNUAL 100 00:04:17,960 --> 00:04:22,520 HARDEN LECTURE, DR. VICTORIA 101 00:04:22,520 --> 00:04:22,760 HARDEN. 102 00:04:22,760 --> 00:04:29,080 >> AUDIENCE: (APPLAUSE). 103 00:04:29,080 --> 00:04:30,920 >> VICTORIA: I THANK YOU, KIM, 104 00:04:30,920 --> 00:04:34,320 FOR THAT VERY KIND INTRODUCTION. 105 00:04:34,320 --> 00:04:37,560 IT IS SO GOOD TODAY TO SEE SO 106 00:04:37,560 --> 00:04:41,960 MANY FORMER COLLEAGUES AND LONG 107 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:44,800 TIME FRIENDS AND I WELCOME 108 00:04:44,800 --> 00:04:46,440 EVERYONE WHO IS PARTICIPATING 109 00:04:46,440 --> 00:04:54,520 VIRTUALLY, REMOTELY AS WELL. I 110 00:04:54,520 --> 00:04:59,880 WANT TO BEGIN BY THANKING 111 00:04:59,880 --> 00:05:05,920 EVERYONE FOR THIS HONOR. AS I 112 00:05:05,920 --> 00:05:10,560 TOLD KIM WHEN SHE FIRST E-MAILED 113 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:14,520 ME, ABOUT THE LECTURE THAT I WAS 114 00:05:14,520 --> 00:05:22,520 STUNNED. I THOUGHT YOU HAD TO 115 00:05:22,520 --> 00:05:23,960 BE DEAD BEFORE SOMETHING WAS 116 00:05:23,960 --> 00:05:26,320 NAMED FOR YOU AND I AM NOT DEAD 117 00:05:26,320 --> 00:05:28,080 YET. SHE EXPLAINED THAT THIS 118 00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:31,280 RULE HAD BEEN LIFTED WHEN THE 119 00:05:31,280 --> 00:05:32,080 DISTINGUISHED LECTURE IN 120 00:05:32,080 --> 00:05:34,520 TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER HAD BEEN 121 00:05:34,520 --> 00:05:35,920 CREATED FOR PHIL CHEN WHO MANY 122 00:05:35,920 --> 00:05:37,720 OF YOU KNOW. I WAS 123 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:40,600 EXCEPTIONALLY PLEASED TO BE IN 124 00:05:40,600 --> 00:05:42,360 PHIL'S COMPANY. BECAUSE WHEN 125 00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:44,320 THE HISTORY OFFICE AND THE 126 00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:46,640 STETTEN MUSEUM WAS FOUNDED, I 127 00:05:46,640 --> 00:05:48,520 WAS TOLD BY SEVERAL PEOPLE IF 128 00:05:48,520 --> 00:05:51,080 YOU HAVE A PROBLEM, GO SEE PHIL 129 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:59,680 CHEN, HE MAY BE ABLE TO HELP. I 130 00:05:59,680 --> 00:06:01,840 HAVE TRIED TO GET ALL THE NAMES 131 00:06:01,840 --> 00:06:04,120 OF THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN 132 00:06:04,120 --> 00:06:05,680 GETTING ME APPROVED INCLUDING 133 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:07,800 KIM HERSELF AND HER ASSOCIATE 134 00:06:07,800 --> 00:06:11,960 DIRECTOR MICHELLE LYONS, HER 135 00:06:11,960 --> 00:06:15,520 SENIOR ADVISOR CHRIS, CHRIS, AND 136 00:06:15,520 --> 00:06:17,960 JEFF RESNICK WERE ALSO INVOLVED. 137 00:06:17,960 --> 00:06:22,200 RICHARD WYATT ENDORSED THE IDEA 138 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:25,760 AND FINALLY NINA SHORE SIGNED 139 00:06:25,760 --> 00:06:31,840 OFF ON AND GAVE FINAL APPROVE. 140 00:06:31,840 --> 00:06:33,640 MANY, MANY THANKS TO ALL OF YOU 141 00:06:33,640 --> 00:06:36,480 FOR THIS. I ALSO WANT TO THANK 142 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:38,520 THE CURRENT STAFF OF THE OFFICE 143 00:06:38,520 --> 00:06:41,200 OF NIH HISTORY AND STETTEN 144 00:06:41,200 --> 00:06:44,360 MUSEUM FOR RESPONDING TO ALL MY 145 00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:46,200 REQUESTS FOR HELP. ESPECIALLY 146 00:06:46,200 --> 00:06:51,520 FOR THIS LECTURE. MOST OF ALL, 147 00:06:51,520 --> 00:06:58,240 I MUST THANK DR. DEWITT STET TEN 148 00:06:58,240 --> 00:06:59,960 JR. FOR HIS CONFIDENCE IN 149 00:06:59,960 --> 00:07:02,040 SELECTING ME TO BE THE FOUNDING 150 00:07:02,040 --> 00:07:05,440 DIRECTOR OF THIS -- OF HIS 151 00:07:05,440 --> 00:07:07,600 MUSEUM AND HISTORY OFFICE. WHEN 152 00:07:07,600 --> 00:07:13,400 HANS WE ARE SUEDE D -- PERSUAD 153 00:07:13,400 --> 00:07:17,960 THE NIH AS PART OF THE 154 00:07:17,960 --> 00:07:20,160 CENTENNIAL OBSERVANTS HE 155 00:07:20,160 --> 00:07:22,360 ASSEMBLED AN ADVISORY COMMITTEE 156 00:07:22,360 --> 00:07:26,960 OF SCIENTISTS, ELLIOT, ROBERT 157 00:07:26,960 --> 00:07:32,440 BOWMAN, ALAN SHEKTER AND TED 158 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:39,200 BECKER. ADMINISTRATORS JOHN 159 00:07:39,200 --> 00:07:41,080 DECKER WERE ALSO ON THIS 160 00:07:41,080 --> 00:07:45,120 COMMITTEE. AS WERE LOIS 161 00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:46,480 KOCHANSKI, THE CHIEF DIRECTOR 162 00:07:46,480 --> 00:07:50,080 OFFICER OF THE NES, EDUCATION IN 163 00:07:50,080 --> 00:07:54,560 THE SCIENCES, AND STORM WHALEY 164 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:55,960 IN WHOSE OFFICE OF 165 00:07:55,960 --> 00:07:57,360 COMMUNICATIONS THE OFFICE WAS 166 00:07:57,360 --> 00:07:59,960 PLACED. AS YOU MAY REALIZE, OF 167 00:07:59,960 --> 00:08:02,600 THIS GROUP, ONLY TED BECKER, 168 00:08:02,600 --> 00:08:04,840 ALAN SHEKTER AND I ARE STILL 169 00:08:04,840 --> 00:08:08,360 LIVING. AND I WILL TAKE JUST A 170 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:15,760 MOMENT TO RECOGNIZE ALAN'S 171 00:08:15,760 --> 00:08:17,960 CONTINUOUS SUPPORT FOR THIS 172 00:08:17,960 --> 00:08:20,640 OFFICE INCLUDING SERVING AS 173 00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:22,160 ACTING HISTORIAN FOR TWO YEARS 174 00:08:22,160 --> 00:08:24,040 AFTER I RETIRED AND FOR 175 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:26,520 PROVIDING FUNDING FROM HIS OWN 176 00:08:26,520 --> 00:08:27,920 LAB RESOURCES. I BELIEVE IF YOU 177 00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:31,200 LOOK CAREFULLY AT THIS PHOTO OF 178 00:08:31,200 --> 00:08:35,080 THE OPENING CEREMONY WHEN ALAN 179 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:37,520 PRESENTED A BRASS PLAQUE TO 180 00:08:37,520 --> 00:08:39,000 DR. STETTEN COMMEMORATING THE 181 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:43,560 CREATION OF THE NIH MUSEUM OF 182 00:08:43,560 --> 00:08:46,200 MEDICAL RESEARCH THIS LATER THE 183 00:08:46,200 --> 00:08:50,240 NEXT YEAR NAMED FOR DR. STETTEN 184 00:08:50,240 --> 00:08:53,120 YOU'LL SEE ED, SURGEON GENERAL 185 00:08:53,120 --> 00:08:56,160 C. EVERETT AND OTHER PEOPLE YOU 186 00:08:56,160 --> 00:09:01,120 MAY RECOGNIZE ALSO. SO TO BEGIN 187 00:09:01,120 --> 00:09:03,360 TELLING THE STORIES OF NIH 188 00:09:03,360 --> 00:09:05,280 HISTORY I WANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT 189 00:09:05,280 --> 00:09:08,280 THERE WILL NEVER BE SUCH A THING 190 00:09:08,280 --> 00:09:11,960 AS ONE SINGLE EXHAUSTIVE HISTORY 191 00:09:11,960 --> 00:09:16,120 OF NIH. SHOULD ANYONE TRY TO 192 00:09:16,120 --> 00:09:17,600 SQUEEZE ALL THE GOVERNMENT 193 00:09:17,600 --> 00:09:20,920 POLICY, ALL THE LABORATORY AND 194 00:09:20,920 --> 00:09:22,400 CLINICAL RESEARCH, ALL THE 195 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:24,560 TRAINING OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS, 196 00:09:24,560 --> 00:09:31,040 AND ALL THE STAFF CONTRIBUTIONS 197 00:09:31,040 --> 00:09:33,640 INTO ONE NARRATIVE, IT WOULD 198 00:09:33,640 --> 00:09:36,480 SIMPLY BE SO LARGE AND DETAILED 199 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:39,040 AS TO BE UNREADABLE. I BELIEVE 200 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:43,000 THAT THE STORY OF NIH IS LIKE A 201 00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:44,640 MARBLED CAKE. ONE CAN CUT 202 00:09:44,640 --> 00:09:47,000 THROUGH IT IN MANY DIFFERENT 203 00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:49,080 WAYS TO TELL IN DETAIL SPECIFIC 204 00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:51,120 PARTS OF THE STORY WHILE NOT 205 00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:52,600 LOSING SIGHT OF THE LARGER 206 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:54,720 CONTEXT THAT IS TO SAY THE CAKE 207 00:09:54,720 --> 00:09:58,600 AS A WHOLE. I ALSO WANT TO NOTE 208 00:09:58,600 --> 00:10:00,400 THAT THE WRITERS OF HISTORIES 209 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:03,960 HAVE PERSONAL INTERESTS AND 210 00:10:03,960 --> 00:10:06,880 BIASES THAT MAY LEAD THEM TO 211 00:10:06,880 --> 00:10:10,280 EMPHASIZE OR IGNORE PARTICULAR 212 00:10:10,280 --> 00:10:15,120 ASPECTS OF THE STORY. JUST 213 00:10:15,120 --> 00:10:17,080 CHOOSING WHICH FACTS TO INCLUDE 214 00:10:17,080 --> 00:10:20,440 IN A HISTORY MEANS LEAVING OUT 215 00:10:20,440 --> 00:10:24,600 OTHERS. SO THE NOTION OF SOME 216 00:10:24,600 --> 00:10:25,800 ALL-ENCOMPASSING DEFINITIVE TRUE 217 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:28,400 HISTORY IS UNREALISTIC. 218 00:10:28,400 --> 00:10:30,200 HISTORIANS OF THE FUTURE WILL 219 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,120 BEGIN WITH ALL THE DIFFERENT 220 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:35,120 ACCOUNTS AND OTHER EVIDENCE THAT 221 00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:37,880 WE LEAVE BEHIND. AND THIS FACT 222 00:10:37,880 --> 00:10:40,280 IS OF KEY IMPORTANCE IN MAKING 223 00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:44,720 SURE THAT NIH HISTORY CONTINUES 224 00:10:44,720 --> 00:10:46,520 TO BE WRITTEN. SO TODAY, I WANT 225 00:10:46,520 --> 00:10:49,680 TO ADDRESS FOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT 226 00:10:49,680 --> 00:10:53,160 BUILDING AN EDIFICE OF STORIES 227 00:10:53,160 --> 00:11:00,400 THAT TELL NIH HISTORY. FIRST, 228 00:11:00,400 --> 00:11:04,320 WE MUST ASK WHY THE UNDERTAKING 229 00:11:04,320 --> 00:11:09,120 MATTERS AT ALL? SECOND, WHO 230 00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:12,520 SHOULD TELL THESE STORIES? 231 00:11:12,520 --> 00:11:14,240 THIRD, WHAT RESOURCES DO WE HAVE 232 00:11:14,240 --> 00:11:19,080 TO WRITE ABOUT NIH HISTORY? AND 233 00:11:19,080 --> 00:11:22,720 FOURTH, HOW BEST SHOULD THESE 234 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:26,440 STORIES BE TOLD? THE FIRST 235 00:11:26,440 --> 00:11:27,760 QUESTION IS THE MOST IMPORTANT, 236 00:11:27,760 --> 00:11:31,600 WHY DO THE STORIES OF NIH 237 00:11:31,600 --> 00:11:35,360 HISTORY MATTER AND TO WHOM? MY 238 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:36,520 ARGUMENT HAS ALWAYS BEEN THAT 239 00:11:36,520 --> 00:11:40,840 THE STORIES OF WHAT NIH HAS 240 00:11:40,840 --> 00:11:42,040 ACCOMPLISHED SHOULD BE TOLD TO 241 00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:43,320 THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WHOSE TAX 242 00:11:43,320 --> 00:11:46,640 MONEY HAS PAID FOR THE RESEARCH. 243 00:11:46,640 --> 00:11:49,680 I BELIEVE THAT THE RETURN ON 244 00:11:49,680 --> 00:11:52,480 INVESTMENT IS AMONG THE HIGHEST 245 00:11:52,480 --> 00:11:54,480 RECEIVED FOR THE FEDERAL 246 00:11:54,480 --> 00:11:57,120 RESOURCES INVESTED. AND IT 247 00:11:57,120 --> 00:12:00,440 SHOULDN'T HURT NIH TO BRAG A 248 00:12:00,440 --> 00:12:03,000 LITTLE. NIH SCIENTISTS AND 249 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:04,640 GRANTEES HAVE PRODUCED NOBEL 250 00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:07,400 PRIZE WINNING RESEARCH, A CURE 251 00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:10,400 FOR ONE FORM OF CHILDHOOD 252 00:12:10,400 --> 00:12:12,160 CANCER, THE HUMAN GENOME 253 00:12:12,160 --> 00:12:16,440 PROJECT, MULTIPLE VACCINES, MOST 254 00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:18,080 RECENTLY FOR COVID-19 AND SO 255 00:12:18,080 --> 00:12:22,400 MUCH MORE. THAT SAID, THERE ARE 256 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:24,320 A FEW NEGATIVE STORIES IN THE 257 00:12:24,320 --> 00:12:25,920 LARGER HISTORY. AND THOSE 258 00:12:25,920 --> 00:12:29,560 SHOULD NOT BE SWEPT UNDER ANY 259 00:12:29,560 --> 00:12:33,800 GRAY LYNN MOLE YUM TIRE TILE ONE 260 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:37,720 EXAMPLE YOU MAY RECALL IS THE 261 00:12:37,720 --> 00:12:39,120 1993 CLINICAL TRIAL OF THE DRUG 262 00:12:39,120 --> 00:12:42,600 WHICH LED TO THE DEATHS OF FIVE 263 00:12:42,600 --> 00:12:45,120 PATIENTS AND PROMPTED A FORMAL 264 00:12:45,120 --> 00:12:47,520 REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL TRIALS 265 00:12:47,520 --> 00:12:50,320 PROCESS. BY WHAT WAS THEN 266 00:12:50,320 --> 00:12:51,000 CALLED THE INSTITUTE FOR 267 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:53,840 MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY 268 00:12:53,840 --> 00:12:56,120 OF SCIENCES. SO ADOPTING A 269 00:12:56,120 --> 00:12:59,800 WARTS AND ALL PHILOSOPHY ABOUT 270 00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:03,000 NIH HISTORY IS ESSENTIAL I 271 00:13:03,000 --> 00:13:04,240 BELIEVE. 272 00:13:04,240 --> 00:13:07,520 TO ANCHOR THE LARGER EFFORT IN 273 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:09,600 SOLID EVIDENCE, THE KIND OF DATA 274 00:13:09,600 --> 00:13:13,680 THAT NIH CHERISHES. IN ADDITION 275 00:13:13,680 --> 00:13:16,960 TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, BROADLY 276 00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:18,040 SPEAKING, NIH HISTORY SHOULD BE 277 00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:23,200 AT THE FINGERTIPS OF SENIOR 278 00:13:23,200 --> 00:13:25,680 ADMINISTRATORS AS NEEDED WHEN 279 00:13:25,680 --> 00:13:28,640 THEY IDENTIFY, I'M SORRY, WHEN 280 00:13:28,640 --> 00:13:31,080 THEY TESTIFY TO ELECTED 281 00:13:31,080 --> 00:13:31,720 REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PEOPLE 282 00:13:31,720 --> 00:13:34,320 THAT IS TO SAY THE U.S. CONGRESS 283 00:13:34,320 --> 00:13:37,000 AND ESPECIALLY DURING THE BUDGET 284 00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:39,120 PROCESS. HAVING AN EVER 285 00:13:39,120 --> 00:13:41,440 EXPANDING ARCHIVE OF STORIES 286 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:43,400 AVAILABLE ABOUT PAST NIH EFFORTS 287 00:13:43,400 --> 00:13:47,040 WILL ENABLE ALL THE OFFICES THAT 288 00:13:47,040 --> 00:13:49,640 SUPPORT SENIOR STAFF TO CITE 289 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:52,560 APPROPRIATE REFERENCES TO 290 00:13:52,560 --> 00:13:57,000 CURRENT ISSUES. FOR YOUNG AND 291 00:13:57,000 --> 00:13:59,760 ASPIRING SCIENTISTS, STORIES OF 292 00:13:59,760 --> 00:14:02,480 MEDICAL RESEARCH WILL HELP THEM 293 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:05,840 PUSH THROUGH WHAT ONE INTRAMURAL 294 00:14:05,840 --> 00:14:08,520 SCIENTIST CALLED THE BAD MONTHS. 295 00:14:08,520 --> 00:14:12,200 TO GET TO THOSE GOOD DAYS WHEN 296 00:14:12,200 --> 00:14:15,920 PERSEVERANCE IS REWARDED WITH 297 00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:17,680 NEW KNOWLEDGE FORGED FROM 298 00:14:17,680 --> 00:14:20,800 EXPERIMENTS DESIGNED IN A 299 00:14:20,800 --> 00:14:22,200 RESEARCHER'S OWN BRAIN AND 300 00:14:22,200 --> 00:14:27,800 FINALLY OF COURSE, NIH HISTORY 301 00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:30,640 FOSTERS AN ES THREE DECOR FOR 302 00:14:30,640 --> 00:14:31,680 THE ENTIRE INSTITUTION. SO WHO 303 00:14:31,680 --> 00:14:34,880 SHOULD BE WRITING NIH HISTORY? 304 00:14:34,880 --> 00:14:38,600 OUR OFFICE HAS TAKE AN BROAD 305 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:40,520 VIEW OF CANDIDATE AUTHORS. 306 00:14:40,520 --> 00:14:42,840 LET'S BEGIN WITH PROFESSIONALLY 307 00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:44,000 TRAINED HISTORIANS AND FOR THE 308 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:47,240 PURPOSE OF THIS TALK, I WILL 309 00:14:47,240 --> 00:14:51,200 START WITH MY OWN FIRST BOOK 310 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:54,600 INVENTING THE NIH BIOMEDICAL 311 00:14:54,600 --> 00:14:57,120 POLICY. NOW FROM THIS TITLE, 312 00:14:57,120 --> 00:15:01,120 YOU CAN TELL THAT I FOCUSED ON 313 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:03,720 POLICY. AS WELL AS THE FACT OF 314 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:05,040 COURSE THAT THE TIME PERIOD 315 00:15:05,040 --> 00:15:08,280 COVERS THE FIRST 50 YEARS OF NIH 316 00:15:08,280 --> 00:15:09,680 HISTORY AS OUR RESEARCH 317 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:12,320 MATERIALS FOR THIS BOOK, I 318 00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:14,760 INITIALLY THOUGHT THAT, HM, I 319 00:15:14,760 --> 00:15:16,120 MIGHT COVER THE SCIENCES WELL. 320 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:18,280 BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, MODERN 321 00:15:18,280 --> 00:15:19,920 MEDICINE WAS JUST EMERGING 322 00:15:19,920 --> 00:15:21,680 DURING THIS TIME. AND THERE 323 00:15:21,680 --> 00:15:25,200 WEREN'T MANY OTHER BOOKS OR 324 00:15:25,200 --> 00:15:27,200 ARTICLES I COULD FIND DISCUSSING 325 00:15:27,200 --> 00:15:30,040 THE RESEARCH OF THE LABORATORY. 326 00:15:30,040 --> 00:15:34,120 TO MY SURPRISE OF COURSE I CAME 327 00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:37,120 ACROSS ALL SORTS OF INFORMATION 328 00:15:37,120 --> 00:15:39,680 ABOUT IMPORTANT EARLY RESEARCH 329 00:15:39,680 --> 00:15:42,320 FROM A STUDY OF TYPHOID FEVER IN 330 00:15:42,320 --> 00:15:45,040 THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA TO 331 00:15:45,040 --> 00:15:46,920 CRITICALLY IMPORTANT SCIENCE 332 00:15:46,920 --> 00:15:48,080 PRESENTED TO CONGRESS EXPLAINING 333 00:15:48,080 --> 00:15:52,480 WHY MILK NEEDED TO BE 334 00:15:52,480 --> 00:15:55,760 PASTURIZED. THEN AS I WORKED ON 335 00:15:55,760 --> 00:15:58,600 A HISTORY OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN 336 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:00,040 SPOTTED FEVER AND GOT HOOKED ON 337 00:16:00,040 --> 00:16:02,680 THE INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF HOW 338 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:05,480 SCIENTISTS PUZZLE OUT THE 339 00:16:05,480 --> 00:16:07,760 MYSTERIES OF DISEASE, I CAME TO 340 00:16:07,760 --> 00:16:10,200 REALIZE JUST HOW HUGE THE 341 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:12,120 OPPORTUNITY WAS FOR HISTORIANS 342 00:16:12,120 --> 00:16:13,680 OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE TO 343 00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:16,280 ADDRESS NIH HISTORY. EITHER 344 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:20,720 DIRECTLY OR AS A PART OF THEIR 345 00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:24,400 BROADER WORK. MICHELLE LYONS, 346 00:16:24,400 --> 00:16:26,680 ANOTHER TRAINED HISTORIAN WHO IS 347 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:30,560 NOW DIRECTOR AND CURATOR OF THE 348 00:16:30,560 --> 00:16:32,200 STETTEN MUSEUM RESEARCHED AND 349 00:16:32,200 --> 00:16:37,760 WROTE THIS DIGITAL BOOK ABOUT 350 00:16:37,760 --> 00:16:38,840 THE MOVE TO BETHESDA WHICH WAS 351 00:16:38,840 --> 00:16:41,680 NOT PREVIOUSLY CAREFULLY 352 00:16:41,680 --> 00:16:42,800 DOCUMENTED. NOT ALL HISTORIANS 353 00:16:42,800 --> 00:16:46,760 NEED TO BE STAFF IN OUR OFFICE. 354 00:16:46,760 --> 00:16:49,440 PROFESSOR ALAN KROUT FROM 355 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:52,800 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY WHOSE WORK 356 00:16:52,800 --> 00:16:55,520 COMPRISES IMMIGRANT HISTORY, 357 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:57,120 JEWISH HISTORY, AND MEDICAL 358 00:16:57,120 --> 00:16:59,520 HISTORY COMBINED ALL THREE 359 00:16:59,520 --> 00:17:01,680 INTERESTS IN HIS BIOGRAPHY OF 360 00:17:01,680 --> 00:17:05,680 DR. JOSEPH GOLDBERGER. THE 361 00:17:05,680 --> 00:17:07,760 HYGIENIC LABORATORY SCIENTIST 362 00:17:07,760 --> 00:17:10,000 WHOSE BRILLIANT EPIDEMIOLOGICAL 363 00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:16,080 WORK IN 1914 DEFINED PILL LAG 364 00:17:16,080 --> 00:17:18,200 RAH AS A NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY 365 00:17:18,200 --> 00:17:21,360 DISEASE. AND WORKING ON THIS 366 00:17:21,360 --> 00:17:25,560 OFFICE, WORK -- WORKING ON THIS 367 00:17:25,560 --> 00:17:27,120 BOOK AND ON THIS WEBSITE THAT 368 00:17:27,120 --> 00:17:28,360 YOU SEE HERE. 369 00:17:28,360 --> 00:17:31,720 FINALLY, THE WORK OF OUR STETTEN 370 00:17:31,720 --> 00:17:32,840 POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS HAS 371 00:17:32,840 --> 00:17:34,600 HIGHLIGHTED MANY DIFFERENT AREAS 372 00:17:34,600 --> 00:17:38,960 OF NIH RESEARCH EVEN THOSE IN 373 00:17:38,960 --> 00:17:40,440 WHICH, FOR EXAMPLE, THE EVIDENCE 374 00:17:40,440 --> 00:17:44,520 OF BIO STATISTICIANS MAY 375 00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:47,120 DISAGREE WITH LABORATORY SCIENCE 376 00:17:47,120 --> 00:17:49,040 ABOUT IMPORTANT PUBLIC HEALTH 377 00:17:49,040 --> 00:17:50,520 ISSUES, SPECIFICALLY IN THIS 378 00:17:50,520 --> 00:17:53,080 CASE, THE LINK BETWEEN SMOKING 379 00:17:53,080 --> 00:18:00,240 AND CANCER. THAT TOPIC IS WHAT 380 00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:02,480 MARK PARA SCAN DO LA ADDRESSED 381 00:18:02,480 --> 00:18:05,400 AND PUBLISHED IN THE JOURM OF 382 00:18:05,400 --> 00:18:08,400 HEALTH. NEXT LET'S LOOK AT 383 00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:09,760 PHYSICIANS AND ADMINISTRATORS AS 384 00:18:09,760 --> 00:18:12,880 THE ARTICLES AND BOOKS ABOUT NIH 385 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:13,160 HISTORY. 386 00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:17,080 AND I NOTE UNABASHEDLY THAT I AM 387 00:18:17,080 --> 00:18:21,120 SPEAKING TO PEOPLE IN THIS ROOM 388 00:18:21,120 --> 00:18:23,640 TODAY ENCOURAGING YOU TO RECORD 389 00:18:23,640 --> 00:18:29,200 AND PUBLISH BAOOKS OR WEBSITES, 390 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:31,920 YOUR OWN RESEARCH OR HOW YOU 391 00:18:31,920 --> 00:18:33,680 ADMINISTER VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF 392 00:18:33,680 --> 00:18:38,360 THE NIH. AS HE WAS DEALING WITH 393 00:18:38,360 --> 00:18:41,680 HIS BLINDNESS, HANS STETTEN 394 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:44,560 WROTE HIS MEMOIR, HOW MY LIFE IS 395 00:18:44,560 --> 00:18:46,960 SPENT PROVIDING US WITH HIS 396 00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:48,200 PERSPECTIVE ON HIS LIFE, HIS 397 00:18:48,200 --> 00:18:52,080 RESEARCH, THE POLITICS OF HIS 398 00:18:52,080 --> 00:18:54,200 APPOINTMENTS, HIS PARTICIPANTS, 399 00:18:54,200 --> 00:18:57,000 PARTICIPATION AND FOUNDING FAES 400 00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:59,640 AND HIS HOPE FOR EDUCATING YOUNG 401 00:18:59,640 --> 00:19:02,640 SCIENTISTS ABOUT THE HISTORY OF 402 00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:04,960 THE SIGN -- THEIR SCIENTIFIC 403 00:19:04,960 --> 00:19:06,640 FORE BEARS AND THE LABORATORY 404 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:09,120 INSTRUMENTS ON WHICH THE CAREERS 405 00:19:09,120 --> 00:19:10,720 OF TODAY WERE BUILT. 406 00:19:10,720 --> 00:19:14,760 HE ALSO EDITED A BACK NIH AND 407 00:19:14,760 --> 00:19:16,320 ACCOUNTED RESEARCH AND ITS 408 00:19:16,320 --> 00:19:20,880 LABORATORIES AND CLINICS THAT 409 00:19:20,880 --> 00:19:23,640 FEATURED CHAPTERS BY KEY 410 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:24,240 INTRAMURAL INVESTIGATORS WHO 411 00:19:24,240 --> 00:19:29,640 WERE ACTIVELY HANS WAS THE NIH 412 00:19:29,640 --> 00:19:32,280 DIRECTOR OF INTRAMURAL RESEARCH. 413 00:19:32,280 --> 00:19:37,760 THE BIOGRAPHIES OF TWO HISTORIC 414 00:19:37,760 --> 00:19:39,120 VIROLOGISTS CHARLES ARMSTRONG 415 00:19:39,120 --> 00:19:41,640 AND ROBERT HUMAN BEING NEVER 416 00:19:41,640 --> 00:19:45,120 WERE WRITTEN BY EDWARD BEE MAN 417 00:19:45,120 --> 00:19:47,920 WHO WAS A CLINICAL POSTDOC IN 418 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:50,240 THE LAB IN THE 1940S AND ED 419 00:19:50,240 --> 00:19:53,680 WANTED TO MEMORIALIZE HIS MENTOR 420 00:19:53,680 --> 00:19:56,920 AND DR. ARMSTRONG AS WELL. HE 421 00:19:56,920 --> 00:19:58,760 WORKED AS A VOLUNTEER IN THIS 422 00:19:58,760 --> 00:20:01,680 OFFICE TO PRODUCE BOTH OF THESE 423 00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:04,440 BIOGRAPHIES. WHEN HE RETIRED AS 424 00:20:04,440 --> 00:20:07,560 THE FOUNDING DIRECTOR OF THE 425 00:20:07,560 --> 00:20:09,240 NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE HE CAME 426 00:20:09,240 --> 00:20:11,760 TO THE OFFICE FOR GUIDANCE AND 427 00:20:11,760 --> 00:20:13,680 ASSISTANCE FOR WRITING HIS 428 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:15,960 HISTORY OF HIS INSTITUTE. IT 429 00:20:15,960 --> 00:20:18,000 CAN BE OVERWELCOMING FOR 430 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:19,320 PHYSICIANS AND SCIENTIST WHO IS 431 00:20:19,320 --> 00:20:21,920 ARE ACCUSTOMED TO FOCUSING ON 432 00:20:21,920 --> 00:20:25,480 SPECIFIC DATASETS AND PUBLISHING 433 00:20:25,480 --> 00:20:27,120 DISCREET PAPERS IN SCIENTIFIC 434 00:20:27,120 --> 00:20:30,000 JOURNALS TO BE CONFRONTED WITH 435 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:31,840 THE MASS OF EVIDENCE THAT 436 00:20:31,840 --> 00:20:35,960 REFLECTS AT 20 OR 30 YEAR OR 437 00:20:35,960 --> 00:20:37,400 LONGER CAREER. THIS IS WHAT 438 00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:42,640 HISTORIANS DO ROUTINELY. WE 439 00:20:42,640 --> 00:20:44,760 HELP DR. KUPFFER HIRE A 440 00:20:44,760 --> 00:20:47,120 HISTORIAN AS A CONSULTANT AND 441 00:20:47,120 --> 00:20:49,200 HIS COMPLETED HISTORY LIKE THE 442 00:20:49,200 --> 00:20:51,120 OTHERS I HAVE MENTIONED, ARE 443 00:20:51,120 --> 00:20:58,360 AVAILABLE ON OUR WEBSITE. A 444 00:20:58,360 --> 00:21:00,360 MORE RECENT EXAMPLE IS THE 445 00:21:00,360 --> 00:21:01,600 MEMOIR WRITTEN BY BOB. HIS 446 00:21:01,600 --> 00:21:05,080 RESEARCH DEMONSTRATING THE 447 00:21:05,080 --> 00:21:09,080 EXISTENCE OF PATHOGENIC HUMAN 448 00:21:09,080 --> 00:21:11,680 RETROE VIRUSES AND THE 449 00:21:11,680 --> 00:21:13,960 PATHOGENIC VIRUS WE KNOW AS HIV 450 00:21:13,960 --> 00:21:15,440 THE CAUSE OF AIDS, MY FINAL 451 00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:17,560 EXAMPLE WILL BE THE WORK OF 452 00:21:17,560 --> 00:21:19,480 DAVID MORE RINZ, WHO WAS THE 453 00:21:19,480 --> 00:21:21,120 SENIOR AUTHOR ON A HISTORY OF 454 00:21:21,120 --> 00:21:26,400 DR. JOSEPH KENYAN. THE FOUNDER 455 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:29,080 OF THE LABORATORY THAT BECAME 456 00:21:29,080 --> 00:21:32,200 NIH AS THE UMBRELLA INSTITUTION 457 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:33,680 THAT GREW AS DID BIOMEDICAL 458 00:21:33,680 --> 00:21:36,080 RESEARCH IN THE 20TH CENTURY. 459 00:21:36,080 --> 00:21:38,520 DAVID HAS CONTINUED TO WORK WITH 460 00:21:38,520 --> 00:21:40,880 THE KENYAN FAMILY TOWARDS 461 00:21:40,880 --> 00:21:44,440 POSSIBLY HAVING NIH THROUGH THE 462 00:21:44,440 --> 00:21:47,880 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 463 00:21:47,880 --> 00:21:50,720 RECEIVED RECENTLY DISCOVERED 464 00:21:50,720 --> 00:21:56,320 FAMILY PAPERS OF DR. KENDOWN. 465 00:21:56,320 --> 00:21:58,320 THERE ARE MANY, MANY OTHER 466 00:21:58,320 --> 00:21:59,840 EXAMPLES I COULD CITE BUT I WILL 467 00:21:59,840 --> 00:22:01,040 INSTEAD DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO 468 00:22:01,040 --> 00:22:07,960 WHAT IS MISSING FROM THIS SLIDE. 469 00:22:07,960 --> 00:22:11,120 THAT IS THE MEMOIRS OF FEMALE 470 00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:13,200 PHYSICIANS AND SCIENTISTS. 471 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:15,120 RECENTLY THERE HAVE BEEN BOOKS 472 00:22:15,120 --> 00:22:18,080 AND ARTICLES ABOUT SOME OF THESE 473 00:22:18,080 --> 00:22:21,120 WOMEN BUT IT WOULD BE 474 00:22:21,120 --> 00:22:27,720 EXCEEDINGLY HELP FUL IF BUY YOU 475 00:22:27,720 --> 00:22:28,720 MEDICAL WOMEN WOULD WRITE THEIR 476 00:22:28,720 --> 00:22:31,840 OWN MEMOIRS. ANOTHER GROUP OF 477 00:22:31,840 --> 00:22:33,680 AUTHORS ARE THOSE SPONSORED BY 478 00:22:33,680 --> 00:22:35,840 INSTITUTES TO MARK 479 00:22:35,840 --> 00:22:37,760 ANNIVERSARIES, ONE EXAMPLE IS 480 00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:40,680 THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 481 00:22:40,680 --> 00:22:42,880 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING 482 00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:46,400 RESEARCH. WRITTEN BY DR. PHIL 483 00:22:46,400 --> 00:22:49,040 LIP KEN THAT LON WHO WORKED WITH 484 00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:50,280 AN NIR COMMITTEE AND WAS GIVEN 485 00:22:50,280 --> 00:22:54,360 ACCESS TO THE HISTORICAL FILES 486 00:22:54,360 --> 00:23:04,840 OF THE INSTITUTE. ANOTHER 487 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:08,200 STETTEN FLOEL COMPOSED A 488 00:23:08,200 --> 00:23:09,400 SYMPOSIUM OF PERHAPS OF THE 489 00:23:09,400 --> 00:23:11,640 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL 490 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:13,160 HEALTH AND WHAT WAS THEN CALLED 491 00:23:13,160 --> 00:23:15,080 THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 492 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:16,080 NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND 493 00:23:16,080 --> 00:23:18,200 BLINDNESS THE PROCEEDINGS OF 494 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:21,000 THAT CONFERENCE IN WHICH SENIOR 495 00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:23,400 SCIENTISTS WROTE ABOUT THEIR OWN 496 00:23:23,400 --> 00:23:26,680 ACCOUNTS, PRODUCED THIS VOLUME 497 00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:29,680 THAT YOU SEE. DR. FER RATHER 498 00:23:29,680 --> 00:23:30,360 RES INTRODUCED THEIR 499 00:23:30,360 --> 00:23:32,800 CONTRIBUTIONS WITH A DETAILED 500 00:23:32,800 --> 00:23:35,880 OVERVIEWED HISTORY OF THE 501 00:23:35,880 --> 00:23:37,640 COMBINED INTRAMURAL PROGRAMS. 502 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:39,320 DURING THE PROCESS OF ORGANIZING 503 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:41,680 THE CONFERENCE, AND COMPILING 504 00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:45,120 THE BOOK, SOME OF THE SCIENTISTS 505 00:23:45,120 --> 00:23:47,000 INVOLVED DONATED PHOTOGRAPHS 506 00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:50,840 FROM THE PERIOD THAT WOULD 507 00:23:50,840 --> 00:23:52,000 OTHERWISE HAVE BEEN LOST. 508 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:54,880 BECAUSE THESE SCIENTISTS DIED 509 00:23:54,880 --> 00:23:57,680 NOT LONG AFTERWARDS. OH, AND 510 00:23:57,680 --> 00:24:00,160 DID I MENTION THAT DR. FER 511 00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:01,680 RATHER RES GAVE BIRTH TO HER 512 00:24:01,680 --> 00:24:04,560 FIRST CHILD JUST ARIZONA THE 513 00:24:04,560 --> 00:24:06,800 BACK WAS GOING TO PRESS. OUR 514 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:13,680 STETTEN FELLOWS ARE HARDY. 515 00:24:13,680 --> 00:24:15,640 FINALLY ONE MUST NEVER 516 00:24:15,640 --> 00:24:17,360 UNDERESTIMATE THE INITIATIVE OF 517 00:24:17,360 --> 00:24:21,120 SUMMER STUDENTS AND HOW THE 518 00:24:21,120 --> 00:24:22,840 LARGER INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT IN 519 00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:26,800 WHICH NIH OPERATES. HAS AN 520 00:24:26,800 --> 00:24:30,920 IMPACT ON ITS HISTORY. MELISSA 521 00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:33,120 KLEIN, DAUGHTER OF DR. HARVEY 522 00:24:33,120 --> 00:24:35,760 KLEIN WANTED TO LEARN ABOUT THE 523 00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:37,320 TRAINING PROGRAM FOR YOUNG 524 00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:39,120 VISIONS DURING THE VIETNAM WAR 525 00:24:39,120 --> 00:24:41,520 IN WHICH HER FATHER HAD 526 00:24:41,520 --> 00:24:44,680 PARTICIPATED. SHE WENT FROM 527 00:24:44,680 --> 00:24:47,520 OFFICE TO OFFICE SEARCHING FOR 528 00:24:47,520 --> 00:24:49,680 INFORMATION AND SHE UNEARTHED I 529 00:24:49,680 --> 00:24:50,840 THINK IT WAS IN BUILDING ONE IN 530 00:24:50,840 --> 00:24:55,280 THE BACK OF A CLOSET, METAL FILE 531 00:24:55,280 --> 00:24:57,840 BOXES CONTAINING 4 X 6 INDEX 532 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:00,840 CARDS OF THE PHYSICIANS IN THE 533 00:25:00,840 --> 00:25:03,200 ASSOCIATE TRAINING PROGRAM. AND 534 00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:05,080 HERE ARE THREE EXAMPLES OF THE 535 00:25:05,080 --> 00:25:07,400 CARDS OF CLINICAL ASSOCIATE 536 00:25:07,400 --> 00:25:11,320 WHOMS YOU MAY RECOGNIZE. WE 537 00:25:11,320 --> 00:25:13,440 DIGITIZED THESE CARDS. 538 00:25:13,440 --> 00:25:14,920 AND PREPARED AN EXCEL DATABASE 539 00:25:14,920 --> 00:25:17,680 WITH THE INFORMATION ON EACH 540 00:25:17,680 --> 00:25:20,200 CARD TYPED IN. THERE HAD LONG 541 00:25:20,200 --> 00:25:24,680 BEEN AN INFORMAL BELIEF THAT 542 00:25:24,680 --> 00:25:26,920 THIS PROGRAM KNOWN BY THE 543 00:25:26,920 --> 00:25:28,520 SELF-DEPRECATING NAME THAT THE 544 00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:30,440 PARTICIPANTS GAVE THEMSELVES. 545 00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:32,840 THEY WERE YELLOW BERETS WHO 546 00:25:32,840 --> 00:25:36,360 FOUGHT THE BATTLE OF BETHESDA 547 00:25:36,360 --> 00:25:39,120 THAT IT HAD AN OUTSIZED IMPACT 548 00:25:39,120 --> 00:25:41,320 ON ACADEMIC MEDICINE BUT NO ONE 549 00:25:41,320 --> 00:25:43,800 BY THE TIME MELISSA FOUND THESE 550 00:25:43,800 --> 00:25:49,680 CARDS HAD MADE A RIGOROUS STUDY. 551 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:51,920 BEGINNING WITH MELISSA'S SUMMER 552 00:25:51,920 --> 00:25:56,040 PAPER, WHICH ANNOUNCED THE 553 00:25:56,040 --> 00:26:01,200 EXISTENCE OF THIS DATASET, THE 554 00:26:01,200 --> 00:26:06,320 DAM BEGAN TO BREAK. SANDY COT A 555 00:26:06,320 --> 00:26:07,640 RECIPIENT OF A TRAVEL GRANT FROM 556 00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:09,920 OUR OFFICE BEGAN TO WORK ON THE 557 00:26:09,920 --> 00:26:12,240 IMPACT OF THE PROGRAM WHILE HE 558 00:26:12,240 --> 00:26:17,680 WAS STILL IN MEDICAL SCHOOL. HE 559 00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:21,000 PERSEVERED THROUGH HIS RESIDENCY 560 00:26:21,000 --> 00:26:24,120 AND ONTO HIS FACULTY POSITION AT 561 00:26:24,120 --> 00:26:25,680 NEUROLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 562 00:26:25,680 --> 00:26:29,000 WASHINGTON MEDICAL SCHOOL AND IN 563 00:26:29,000 --> 00:26:29,960 2001 IN COLLABORATION WITH 564 00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:34,240 ANOTHER FORMER STETTEN FELLOW, 565 00:26:34,240 --> 00:26:36,600 DR. COT PUBLISHED AN ANALYSIS OF 566 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:38,640 THE PROGRAM'S IMPACT IN THE 567 00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:41,920 JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC MEDICINE. 568 00:26:41,920 --> 00:26:46,680 THAT WAS FOLLOWED IN 2019, BY 569 00:26:46,680 --> 00:26:48,280 DR. RAYMOND GREEN BERG'S BOOK 570 00:26:48,280 --> 00:26:51,160 THAT EMPHASIZED IS HOW THE 571 00:26:51,160 --> 00:26:54,160 PROGRAM HAD PRODUCED NOBEL PRIZE 572 00:26:54,160 --> 00:26:55,520 WINNERS. 573 00:26:55,520 --> 00:27:00,680 AND IN 2020, BY AN HONORABLE.COM 574 00:27:00,680 --> 00:27:03,000 PODCAST VOICED BY ALAN ALDA 575 00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:08,920 CALLED SOLDIERS OF SCIENCE. SO 576 00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:14,600 WHAT RESOURCES, HELLO, I DON'T 577 00:27:14,600 --> 00:27:15,920 KNOW WHY IT DOESN'T WANT TO GO 578 00:27:15,920 --> 00:27:26,480 FORWARD. WHAT RESOURCES DO WE 579 00:27:28,760 --> 00:27:31,240 HAVE TO TELL THE STORIES OF NIH 580 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:33,800 HISTORY? TO BEGIN WITH, WE HAVE 581 00:27:33,800 --> 00:27:36,240 MULTIPLE LARGE INSTITUTIONAL 582 00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:39,000 ARCHIVES. ALL THE TOP LEVEL 583 00:27:39,000 --> 00:27:40,160 CORRESPONDENTS REPORTS AND 584 00:27:40,160 --> 00:27:41,040 MATERIALS PREPARED FOR THE 585 00:27:41,040 --> 00:27:43,920 PUBLIC ARE SOME OF THE THINGS 586 00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:45,000 DESIGNATED TO BECOME PERMANENT 587 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:47,520 RECORDS AT THE NATIONAL 588 00:27:47,520 --> 00:27:50,160 ARCHIVES. WHEN NIH WAS SIMPLY 589 00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:52,640 THE LABORATORY ARM OF THE U.S. 590 00:27:52,640 --> 00:27:57,160 PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE THE 591 00:27:57,160 --> 00:27:59,640 LETTERS, MEMOS AND OTHER 592 00:27:59,640 --> 00:28:01,920 DOCUMENTS WERE PRESERVED IN THE 593 00:28:01,920 --> 00:28:04,680 RECORDS: THE IMAGE YOU SEE HERE 594 00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:06,840 IS AN EXCERPT FROM THE END NOTES 595 00:28:06,840 --> 00:28:08,760 OF ONE CHAPTER IN MY FIRST BOOK 596 00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:13,520 AND YOU CAN SEE THAT I WAS 597 00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:16,600 RELYING HEAVILY ON RECORD GROUP 598 00:28:16,600 --> 00:28:17,800 DOCUMENTATION. AFTER WORLD WAR 599 00:28:17,800 --> 00:28:20,520 II, AS THE NUMBER OF INSTITUTES 600 00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:23,640 GREW, NIH GOT ITS OPEN RECORD 601 00:28:23,640 --> 00:28:26,240 GROUP. RECORD GROUP 443, 602 00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:30,040 RECORDS OF THE NATIONAL 603 00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:39,920 INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. I DON'T 604 00:28:39,920 --> 00:28:45,000 KNOW WHY UT IT DON'T -- ANYBODY 605 00:28:45,000 --> 00:28:50,120 KNOW WHY IT DON'T -- WON'T GO 606 00:28:50,120 --> 00:28:50,720 FORWARD? 607 00:28:50,720 --> 00:28:52,200 THERE IT IS. WE ALSO HAVE THE 608 00:28:52,200 --> 00:28:55,040 WONDERFUL RESOURCES OF THE 609 00:28:55,040 --> 00:28:55,680 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE AND 610 00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:58,720 ITS HISTORY OF MEDICINE 611 00:28:58,720 --> 00:29:02,800 DIVISION. THE MISSION OF HMD IS 612 00:29:02,800 --> 00:29:03,880 TO DOCUMENT ALL OF MEDICINE FOR 613 00:29:03,880 --> 00:29:05,680 ALL OF TIME SO IT MUST COLLECT 614 00:29:05,680 --> 00:29:10,840 ONLY A SELECTIVE SEGMENT OF NIH 615 00:29:10,840 --> 00:29:12,000 MATERIALS. ONE EXAMPLE MUST 616 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:13,640 SUFFICE TODAY. THE LIBRARY 617 00:29:13,640 --> 00:29:16,120 HOLDS AND CONSERVES SELECTED 618 00:29:16,120 --> 00:29:17,000 PAPER DOCUMENTS AND BOOKS AND 619 00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:20,240 HERE I'M SHOWING YOU A 620 00:29:20,240 --> 00:29:21,840 DOCUMENT'S SACRED TO THE HISTORY 621 00:29:21,840 --> 00:29:24,440 OF GENETICS AT NIH AND I NOTE 622 00:29:24,440 --> 00:29:28,400 THAT IT IS COMPOSED OF 623 00:29:28,400 --> 00:29:31,440 LABORATORY NOTEBOOK PAGES TAPED 624 00:29:31,440 --> 00:29:32,480 TOGETHER WITH DEFINITELY NON 625 00:29:32,480 --> 00:29:34,480 ARCHIVAL SCOTCH TAPE. 626 00:29:34,480 --> 00:29:37,840 IT IS A CHART ON WHICH OUR FIRST 627 00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:42,280 NOBEL LAUREATE, MARSHAL RECORDED 628 00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:45,160 THE RESULTS OF HIS EXPERIMENTS 629 00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:49,640 DOCUMENTING WHICH DNA TRIPLET 630 00:29:49,640 --> 00:29:51,760 BASIS WORKED WITH WHICH AMINO 631 00:29:51,760 --> 00:29:54,160 ACIDS. WE MAY ALSO UTILIZE THE 632 00:29:54,160 --> 00:29:56,600 HISTORICAL MATERIALS COLLECTED 633 00:29:56,600 --> 00:29:59,040 BY INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTES, THESE 634 00:29:59,040 --> 00:30:00,080 VARY GREATLY AND I WILL 635 00:30:00,080 --> 00:30:04,040 SOMEWHERE MENTION TWO OF THE 636 00:30:04,040 --> 00:30:07,120 RICHEST. THE NATIONAL HUMAN 637 00:30:07,120 --> 00:30:07,840 GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE 638 00:30:07,840 --> 00:30:10,080 SUPPORTS A WONDERFUL ORAL 639 00:30:10,080 --> 00:30:13,840 HISTORY PROGRAM. AND THE 640 00:30:13,840 --> 00:30:14,840 NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE 641 00:30:14,840 --> 00:30:16,880 MAINTAINS AN ARCHIVE OF IMAGES 642 00:30:16,880 --> 00:30:21,400 IN ITS VISUALS ONLINE WEBSITE. 643 00:30:21,400 --> 00:30:23,880 COMING BACK TO THE OFFICE OF NIH 644 00:30:23,880 --> 00:30:26,960 HISTORY AND STETTEN MUSEUM, I 645 00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:28,160 WANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT WE AND 646 00:30:28,160 --> 00:30:31,000 THIS OFFICE WILL ALWAYS BE A 647 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:33,160 PART OF ME. FOCUS EXCLUSIVELY 648 00:30:33,160 --> 00:30:37,440 ON NIH HISTORY AND THE HISTORY 649 00:30:37,440 --> 00:30:40,480 OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AS ITS 650 00:30:40,480 --> 00:30:43,080 LARGER CONTEXT. OVER THE YEARS 651 00:30:43,080 --> 00:30:44,120 WE HAVE ASSEMBLED REFERENCE 652 00:30:44,120 --> 00:30:47,600 FILES SUCH AS BIOGRAPHY FILES ON 653 00:30:47,600 --> 00:30:51,160 INDIVIDUAL NIH SCIENTISTS AND A 654 00:30:51,160 --> 00:30:53,080 LARGE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WRITINGS 655 00:30:53,080 --> 00:30:56,560 ABOUT NIH HISTORY INDEED, IT IS 656 00:30:56,560 --> 00:31:00,280 NOW SO BIG, SO LONG, THAT ONE 657 00:31:00,280 --> 00:31:04,240 TASK FOR THE FUTURE WILL BE TO 658 00:31:04,240 --> 00:31:05,840 REORGANIZE IT BY INSTITUTE. WE 659 00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:08,760 HAVE TIMELINES ON LAWS RELATING 660 00:31:08,760 --> 00:31:11,680 TO HUMAN AND ANIMAL RESEARCH AND 661 00:31:11,680 --> 00:31:13,120 LISTS OF REFERENCES ON THE MAJOR 662 00:31:13,120 --> 00:31:15,960 STUDIES OF NIH AND ON THE PEER 663 00:31:15,960 --> 00:31:19,320 REVIEW SYSTEMS SINCE WORLD WAR 664 00:31:19,320 --> 00:31:22,520 II. WE HAVE TRADE CATALOGS AND 665 00:31:22,520 --> 00:31:25,680 INSTRUMENT OPERATING MANUALS AND 666 00:31:25,680 --> 00:31:29,320 THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF 667 00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:32,360 PHOTOGRAPHS THAT MAY BE 668 00:31:32,360 --> 00:31:34,600 ACCESSED. BUT TODAY, I 669 00:31:34,600 --> 00:31:37,600 ESPECIALLY WANT TO HIGHLIGHT TWO 670 00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:39,440 RESOURCES, THE ORAL HISTORY 671 00:31:39,440 --> 00:31:41,320 COLLECTION AND THE COLLECTION OF 672 00:31:41,320 --> 00:31:44,480 INSTRUMENTS AND ARTIFACTS IN THE 673 00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:45,680 STETTEN MUSEUM. LET'S BEGIN 674 00:31:45,680 --> 00:31:49,880 WITH THE ORAL HISTORIES. AT 675 00:31:49,880 --> 00:31:53,360 PRESENT THERE ARE MORE THAN 580 676 00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:55,080 ORAL HISTORIES POSTED ON THE 677 00:31:55,080 --> 00:31:57,680 WEBSITE. THE STORIES OF CAREERS 678 00:31:57,680 --> 00:32:05,680 IN PIE -- BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH 679 00:32:05,680 --> 00:32:07,320 TOLD BY THE INVESTIGATORS 680 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:09,160 THEMSELVES. THEIR VALUE WAS 681 00:32:09,160 --> 00:32:11,320 RECENTLY CONFIRMED AT THE 682 00:32:11,320 --> 00:32:13,240 RETIREMENT COMMUNITY WHERE I 683 00:32:13,240 --> 00:32:14,840 LIVED. I HEARD THE SPEAKER RAVE 684 00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:16,440 ABOUT THESE ORAL HISTORIES 685 00:32:16,440 --> 00:32:18,760 SAYING THAT HE HAD FOUND OUT 686 00:32:18,760 --> 00:32:20,840 MORE ABOUT A PERSON CENTRAL TO 687 00:32:20,840 --> 00:32:23,480 HIS LECTURE FROM ONE OF THESE 688 00:32:23,480 --> 00:32:24,320 ORAL HISTORIES THAN HE'D BEEN 689 00:32:24,320 --> 00:32:28,400 ABLE TO FIND IN ALL OTHER 690 00:32:28,400 --> 00:32:30,800 SOURCES. I BEGAN A FORMAL 691 00:32:30,800 --> 00:32:33,040 COLLECTION OF SUCH NARRATIVES AT 692 00:32:33,040 --> 00:32:37,720 THE END OF THE 1980S, AS I MADE 693 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:41,400 THE HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS MY 694 00:32:41,400 --> 00:32:43,080 PERSONAL RESEARCH PROJECT. IN 695 00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:46,200 1984 WHEN I FIRST ARRIVED AT NIH 696 00:32:46,200 --> 00:32:48,400 TO WORK ON ROCKY MOUNTAIN 697 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:49,160 SPOTTED FEVER I WAS GIVEN AN 698 00:32:49,160 --> 00:32:52,520 OFFICE IN BUILDING FIVE, THE 699 00:32:52,520 --> 00:32:54,160 INFECTIOUS DISEASES BUILDING. 700 00:32:54,160 --> 00:32:58,720 IF YOU CAN REMEMBER 1984, THAT 701 00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:01,680 WAS THE YEAR THAT A RETROVIRUS 702 00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:07,360 WHICH BECAME KNOWN AS HIV WAS 703 00:33:07,360 --> 00:33:08,960 CONVINCINGLY DEMONSTRATED AS THE 704 00:33:08,960 --> 00:33:11,960 CAUSE OF AIDS BY FOUR PAPERS IN 705 00:33:11,960 --> 00:33:14,320 SCIENCE BY ROBERT'S LAB I WAS 706 00:33:14,320 --> 00:33:16,000 SURROUNDED BY IMMUNOLOGISTS WHO 707 00:33:16,000 --> 00:33:17,480 WERE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND WHAT 708 00:33:17,480 --> 00:33:21,560 WAS HAPPENING WITH THIS NEW AND 709 00:33:21,560 --> 00:33:24,600 TERRIBLE DISEASE THAT IS 710 00:33:24,600 --> 00:33:29,840 DESTROYED THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. 711 00:33:29,840 --> 00:33:31,560 MOST VERY EARLY RESEARCH ON AIDS 712 00:33:31,560 --> 00:33:35,800 WAS CONDUCTED BY NIH AND I ASKED 713 00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:37,320 MY OFFICE MATE AND SCIENCE 714 00:33:37,320 --> 00:33:38,800 WRITER ABOUT WHO WAS DOCUMENTING 715 00:33:38,800 --> 00:33:42,760 THE RESPONSE TO THIS NEW 716 00:33:42,760 --> 00:33:44,440 DISEASE? NO ONE, AS FAR AS I 717 00:33:44,440 --> 00:33:47,080 KNOW SHE RESPONDED. AHA. AS A 718 00:33:47,080 --> 00:33:55,480 HISTORIAN I KNEW THAT A BRAND 719 00:33:55,480 --> 00:33:56,960 NEW INFECTIOUS DISEASE DID NOT 720 00:33:56,960 --> 00:33:59,080 POP UP VERY OFTEN. SO SOMEBODY 721 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:01,480 SHOULD BE DOCUMENTING IT AND 722 00:34:01,480 --> 00:34:04,120 THAT PERSON TURNED OUT TO BE ME 723 00:34:04,120 --> 00:34:12,760 GOING 1988 I BEGAN INTERVIEWING 724 00:34:12,760 --> 00:34:13,400 INTERMURAL INVESTIGATORS ABOUT 725 00:34:13,400 --> 00:34:15,800 AIDS. IN 2001 THESE ORAL 726 00:34:15,800 --> 00:34:17,200 HISTORIES FORMED THE CORE OF A 727 00:34:17,200 --> 00:34:21,640 WEBSITE I CREATED WITH NIAD AND 728 00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,800 NCI TO DOCUMENT THE KEY DECADE 729 00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:30,840 OF RESEARCH HERE. 1981-90. 730 00:34:30,840 --> 00:34:32,800 THOSE ARE STILL REGULARLY 731 00:34:32,800 --> 00:34:34,080 ACCESSED ESPECIALLY EVERY TIME 732 00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:38,520 THERE IS AN ANNIVERSARY AROUND 733 00:34:38,520 --> 00:34:41,680 HIV/AIDS OR SOMEONE, LIKE 734 00:34:41,680 --> 00:34:44,920 DR. ANTHONY FAUCI GAINS INTENSE 735 00:34:44,920 --> 00:34:47,840 PUBLIC SCRUTINY AS HE DID DURING 736 00:34:47,840 --> 00:34:50,080 COVID-19, AND JOURNALISTS WANT 737 00:34:50,080 --> 00:34:52,440 TO MINE EVERY SCRAP OF 738 00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:55,400 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON HIM 739 00:34:55,400 --> 00:34:59,760 THAT EXISTS. THE IMPORTANCE OF 740 00:34:59,760 --> 00:35:01,560 CAPTURING ORAL HISTORIES IN A 741 00:35:01,560 --> 00:35:04,840 TIMELY MANNER CAN NOT BE 742 00:35:04,840 --> 00:35:10,040 OVERSTATED. CAROLINE H. AND I 743 00:35:10,040 --> 00:35:11,360 INTERVIEWED RUTH IN EIGHT 744 00:35:11,360 --> 00:35:14,680 INTERVIEWS OVER THE COURSE OF A 745 00:35:14,680 --> 00:35:17,680 YEAR. DR. KIRS ACETYLCHOLINE 746 00:35:17,680 --> 00:35:22,560 HAD NOT FINISHED EDITING THEM 747 00:35:22,560 --> 00:35:29,480 WHEN SHE DIED. HER BIOGRAPHY 748 00:35:29,480 --> 00:35:31,720 ACKNOWLEDGED THESE INTERVIEWS 749 00:35:31,720 --> 00:35:33,200 WERE THE PRINCIPLE ED ON WHICH 750 00:35:33,200 --> 00:35:39,160 HER BOOK WAS BASED. CURRENT 751 00:35:39,160 --> 00:35:42,280 STAFF HAVE TAKEN THE INITIATIVE 752 00:35:42,280 --> 00:35:47,120 TO CREATE A COVID-19 RESEARCH 753 00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:50,080 ORAL HISTORY ARCHIVE. TO DATE, 754 00:35:50,080 --> 00:35:55,840 THEY HAVE CONDUCTED 280 755 00:35:55,840 --> 00:36:00,000 INTERVIEWS. I'M USING THE 756 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:03,120 INTERVIEW DONE BY ARCHIVIST 757 00:36:03,120 --> 00:36:05,480 GABRIELLE BAR AS AN EXAMPLE. 758 00:36:05,480 --> 00:36:11,360 IN 2020, THE DOCTOR LED A STUDY 759 00:36:11,360 --> 00:36:13,680 TO UNDERSTAND THE SPREAD OF SARS 760 00:36:13,680 --> 00:36:16,280 KOE 2 TO HELP PUBLIC OFFICIALS 761 00:36:16,280 --> 00:36:17,680 PROTECT THE POPULATION BEFORE 762 00:36:17,680 --> 00:36:21,000 THE MRNA VACCINE WAS AVAILABLE. 763 00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:25,360 AND FINALLY, I WILL TIP MY HAT 764 00:36:25,360 --> 00:36:27,800 TO DR. STEVE HOLLAND WHO I THINK 765 00:36:27,800 --> 00:36:31,120 IS BACK THERE WHO HAS SPONSORED 766 00:36:31,120 --> 00:36:33,680 A SERIES OF ORAL HISTORIES WITH 767 00:36:33,680 --> 00:36:39,200 SENIOR NIAID SCIENTISTS. FULL 768 00:36:39,200 --> 00:36:44,480 DOSE CL -- DISCLOSURE I CAN TEL 769 00:36:44,480 --> 00:36:47,560 YOU THAT I WAS STUNNED WITH HOW 770 00:36:47,560 --> 00:36:50,240 MUCH MORE IS KNOWN ABOUT 771 00:36:50,240 --> 00:36:52,680 MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY NOW THAN 772 00:36:52,680 --> 00:36:53,680 WAS KNOWN WHEN I WAS 773 00:36:53,680 --> 00:36:58,520 INTERVIEWING FOLKS IN THE 1980S 774 00:36:58,520 --> 00:37:00,320 ABOUT AIDS. I SHOULD NOT HAVE 775 00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:01,680 BEEN SURPRISE OF COURSE AND I 776 00:37:01,680 --> 00:37:04,080 WAS AWED NOT ONLY BY THE SHEER 777 00:37:04,080 --> 00:37:07,400 AMOUNT OF NEW KNOWLEDGE BUT ALSO 778 00:37:07,400 --> 00:37:11,440 WITH THE TECHNOLOGY THAT HAS 779 00:37:11,440 --> 00:37:12,680 BEEN DEVELOPED TO HELP MAKE IT 780 00:37:12,680 --> 00:37:15,640 POSSIBLE. NOW I WANT TO TURN TO 781 00:37:15,640 --> 00:37:17,040 INSTRUMENTS AND OTHER ARTIFACTS 782 00:37:17,040 --> 00:37:20,400 IN THE STETTEN MUSEUM. THAT ARE 783 00:37:20,400 --> 00:37:22,200 RESOURCES FOR TELLING THE 784 00:37:22,200 --> 00:37:25,680 STORIES OF NIH HISTORY. TWO 785 00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:27,960 THINGS INSPIRED HANS STETTEN TO 786 00:37:27,960 --> 00:37:29,680 ADVOCATE FOR THE CREATION OF A 787 00:37:29,680 --> 00:37:33,200 MUSEUM AT NIH. THE FIRST WAS 788 00:37:33,200 --> 00:37:35,680 THIS DIARY. BROUGHT TO HIM BY A 789 00:37:35,680 --> 00:37:39,200 SCIENTIST WHO HAD FOUND IT IN A 790 00:37:39,200 --> 00:37:42,040 DRAWER. IN AN OLD CABINET. AND 791 00:37:42,040 --> 00:37:45,720 IT BECAME ITEM ONE IN THE 792 00:37:45,720 --> 00:37:47,280 COLLECTION. AND YOU CAN 793 00:37:47,280 --> 00:37:49,600 IDENTIFY A LOT ABOUT AN ITEM 794 00:37:49,600 --> 00:37:53,200 WITH THE CATALOG NUMBER. THE 795 00:37:53,200 --> 00:37:57,200 FIRST TWO NUMBERS ARE THE YEAR 796 00:37:57,200 --> 00:38:03,200 THE ITEM WAS SESSIONED. SO 797 00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:06,160 EVERYTHING WE HAD FROM '86 ON 798 00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:07,600 CARRIES THE NUMBER 89 BUT YOU 799 00:38:07,600 --> 00:38:13,480 SEE THE OTHERS IS -- IT'S A 101. 800 00:38:13,480 --> 00:38:19,560 THIS DIARY WAS JOSEPH 801 00:38:19,560 --> 00:38:20,240 GOLDBERGER'S HANDWRITTEN ACCOUNT 802 00:38:20,240 --> 00:38:22,640 OF HIS FOLLOW UP TRIP THROUGH 803 00:38:22,640 --> 00:38:24,960 THE SOUTH. CHECKING ON THE 804 00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:27,200 RESULTS OF HIS RECOMMENDATIONS 805 00:38:27,200 --> 00:38:31,080 FOR BETTER DIETS TO PREVENT PILL 806 00:38:31,080 --> 00:38:32,720 LAG RAH. I DON'T KNOW IF YOU 807 00:38:32,720 --> 00:38:37,720 CAN READ ANY OF THE SCRIPT BUT 808 00:38:37,720 --> 00:38:41,320 HE SAID THAT HIS PHYSICIAN 809 00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:44,680 CONTACT IN CHARGE TO EVER 810 00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:45,280 ORPHANAGE IN COLUMBIA, SOUTH 811 00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:48,000 CAROLINA WAS PURSUING AN 812 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:48,720 ALTERNATIVE THEORY THAT THE 813 00:38:48,720 --> 00:38:52,600 CAUSE WAS A WATERBORNE MICROBE. 814 00:38:52,600 --> 00:38:54,480 VERY POPULAR THEORY AT THAT 815 00:38:54,480 --> 00:38:58,440 TIME. IN CONTRAST, HIS ENTRY 816 00:38:58,440 --> 00:39:03,200 ABOUT IN HOSPITAL IN SAVANNAH, 817 00:39:03,200 --> 00:39:05,200 GEORGIA STATED THEY WERE 818 00:39:05,200 --> 00:39:06,120 IMPROVING AFTER HAVING THEIR 819 00:39:06,120 --> 00:39:10,240 DIETS CHANGED. SIMILARLY, I 820 00:39:10,240 --> 00:39:15,520 WILL USE ONE OF OUR EARLIEY EIE 821 00:39:15,520 --> 00:39:19,480 DONATIONS, YOU SEE ON THE BOTTOM 822 00:39:19,480 --> 00:39:22,760 HERE, AS AN EXAMPLE OF AN 823 00:39:22,760 --> 00:39:23,800 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSTRUMENT 824 00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:29,680 DEVELOPED IN THE 1940S BY LIME 825 00:39:29,680 --> 00:39:32,520 AND CRAIG. IT WAS USED BY NIH 826 00:39:32,520 --> 00:39:35,880 SCIENTISTS AS WELL AS OTHERS 827 00:39:35,880 --> 00:39:37,360 AROUND THE WORLD. IT WAS ONE OF 828 00:39:37,360 --> 00:39:39,520 WHAT I LIKE TO CALL THE BIG 829 00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:42,720 INSTRUMENTS. DEVELOPED FROM THE 830 00:39:42,720 --> 00:39:46,360 1930S, ONWARD AND WERE 831 00:39:46,360 --> 00:39:48,240 CONSTANTLY IN USE BUT THEY GREW 832 00:39:48,240 --> 00:39:50,840 EVER SMALLER OVER TIME. WE 833 00:39:50,840 --> 00:39:53,600 COLLECTED INSTRUMENTS LARGE AND 834 00:39:53,600 --> 00:39:56,240 SMALL FROM AN CENTRIFUGE THE 835 00:39:56,240 --> 00:39:59,520 SIZE OF AN UP RIGHT PIANO TO A 836 00:39:59,520 --> 00:40:02,960 COLOR RIM TEAR AS YOU SEE HERE. 837 00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:05,440 HANS STETTEN WANTED YOUNG 838 00:40:05,440 --> 00:40:06,960 SCIENTISTS TO UNDERSTAND HOW 839 00:40:06,960 --> 00:40:09,200 THEIR PREDECESSORS HAD WORKED 840 00:40:09,200 --> 00:40:12,240 AND I WILL TELL ONE QUICK STORY 841 00:40:12,240 --> 00:40:15,200 ABOUT THE IMPRESSION THESE 842 00:40:15,200 --> 00:40:16,800 INSTRUMENTS MADE. AND THE FIRST 843 00:40:16,800 --> 00:40:20,120 EXHIBIT I PERSONALLY PREPARED 844 00:40:20,120 --> 00:40:22,160 WAS ABOUT DR. MARSHALL NUREMBERG 845 00:40:22,160 --> 00:40:24,360 WHICH IS ONE REASON I'VE SHOWN 846 00:40:24,360 --> 00:40:26,760 SO MANY THINGS RELATED TO HIM. 847 00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:29,680 IT WAS PLACED IN THE MAIN 848 00:40:29,680 --> 00:40:32,240 ELEVATOR LOBBY OF BUILDING TEN, 849 00:40:32,240 --> 00:40:34,880 THE ORIGINAL CLINICAL CENTER. 850 00:40:34,880 --> 00:40:37,440 AND ONE DAY I HAPPENED UPON A 851 00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:38,640 YOUNG SCIENTIST OBVIOUSLY GIVING 852 00:40:38,640 --> 00:40:42,760 HIS PARENTS A TOUR OF THE NIH. 853 00:40:42,760 --> 00:40:45,200 LOOK AT THIS HE TOLD THEM, SEE 854 00:40:45,200 --> 00:40:48,800 THIS THING CALLED AN 855 00:40:48,800 --> 00:40:49,680 ELECTROPHORESIS, IT IS BIGGER 856 00:40:49,680 --> 00:40:52,720 THAN YOUR WASHING MACHINE, MOM. 857 00:40:52,720 --> 00:40:56,360 THEY ARE NOW MADE IN COUNTERTOP 858 00:40:56,360 --> 00:41:00,600 SIZES. I DON'T KNOW HOW 859 00:41:00,600 --> 00:41:01,640 DR. NUREMBERG COULD MANAGE WITH 860 00:41:01,640 --> 00:41:08,280 SUCH HUGE UNWIELDY INSTRUMENTS. 861 00:41:08,280 --> 00:41:11,120 WOE ALSO COLLECTED NIH HISTORY 862 00:41:11,120 --> 00:41:11,760 ARTIFACTS. 863 00:41:11,760 --> 00:41:15,200 IN 19980 DURING THE TURBULENT 864 00:41:15,200 --> 00:41:19,720 YEARS OF THE HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC, 865 00:41:19,720 --> 00:41:22,880 THE GROUP STORM THE NIH PROTEST 866 00:41:22,880 --> 00:41:25,680 AND THE OD OFFICE OF 867 00:41:25,680 --> 00:41:27,200 COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC 868 00:41:27,200 --> 00:41:28,560 LIAISON TO PICK UP SOME OF THE 869 00:41:28,560 --> 00:41:31,240 MATERIAL USED BY THE PROTESTORS. 870 00:41:31,240 --> 00:41:33,200 AND THE SIGN YOU SEE HERE IS ONE 871 00:41:33,200 --> 00:41:37,440 OF THE MANY ITEMS RELATED TO 872 00:41:37,440 --> 00:41:43,640 HIV/AIDS THAT THE MUSEUM HOLDS 873 00:41:43,640 --> 00:41:45,120 SIMILARLY, IN ADDITION TO 874 00:41:45,120 --> 00:41:45,880 SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS AND 875 00:41:45,880 --> 00:41:48,000 ARTIFACTS RELATED TO COVID-19, 876 00:41:48,000 --> 00:41:53,520 THE MUSEUM HAS COLLECTED 877 00:41:53,520 --> 00:41:56,000 LIGHT-HEARTED ARTIFACTS SUCH AS 878 00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:56,840 THIS BARNEY GRAHAM BOBBLE HEAD 879 00:41:56,840 --> 00:42:05,560 AND MANY, MANY, MANY ITEMS TO 880 00:42:05,560 --> 00:42:07,320 TONY FAUCI ABOUT HOW PEOPLE 881 00:42:07,320 --> 00:42:08,040 VIEWED HIM. 882 00:42:08,040 --> 00:42:10,400 FROM THE BEGINNING IN 1986 WHEN 883 00:42:10,400 --> 00:42:12,080 WE HAD PERHAPS FIVE INSTRUMENTS 884 00:42:12,080 --> 00:42:15,200 AND THE GOLDBERGER DIARY IN OUR 885 00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:17,680 COLLECTION IT HAS GROWN TO OVER 886 00:42:17,680 --> 00:42:22,640 4,000 INDIVIDUAL ITEMS. LARGELY 887 00:42:22,640 --> 00:42:24,880 THANKS TO THE 35 YEAR CURATORIAL 888 00:42:24,880 --> 00:42:29,680 EFFORT OF MICHELLE LYONS. SHE 889 00:42:29,680 --> 00:42:32,120 DEVELOPED THE SOFTWARE FOR 890 00:42:32,120 --> 00:42:34,440 CATALOGING, THE INNER DETAILS OF 891 00:42:34,440 --> 00:42:36,640 EACH OBJECT, HAD THEM 892 00:42:36,640 --> 00:42:38,000 PHOTOGRAPHED AND OVERSAW THREE 893 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:41,200 MAJOR MOVES TO NEW SPACES. I 894 00:42:41,200 --> 00:42:43,080 SHOW HERE THE CONDITIONS IN 895 00:42:43,080 --> 00:42:46,360 WHICH THEY EXISTED IN 1989. 896 00:42:46,360 --> 00:42:49,680 WHEN THEY WERE HOUSED IN 897 00:42:49,680 --> 00:42:52,360 BUILDING THIRTEEN AND THE 898 00:42:52,360 --> 00:42:54,880 SESSION PROCESS FORMALLY BEGAN 899 00:42:54,880 --> 00:42:57,160 THAT YEAR. AND HOW THEY ARE 900 00:42:57,160 --> 00:43:05,040 CAREFULLY CURATED TODAY. THIS 901 00:43:05,040 --> 00:43:07,840 BRINGS ME TO HOW WE SHOULD TELL 902 00:43:07,840 --> 00:43:10,280 NIH HISTORY. IN ADDITION TO 903 00:43:10,280 --> 00:43:11,960 PUBLICATIONS, THIS DENNIS THE 904 00:43:11,960 --> 00:43:15,280 MENACE CARTOON MAKES THE POINT 905 00:43:15,280 --> 00:43:17,680 THAT MOST PEOPLE LEARN HISTORY 906 00:43:17,680 --> 00:43:20,680 FROM MUSEUMS, HISTORIC SIGHTS 907 00:43:20,680 --> 00:43:23,560 AND OTHER PUBLIC HISTORY VENUES 908 00:43:23,560 --> 00:43:25,040 RATHER THAN BY READING SCHOLARLY 909 00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:30,360 BOOKS AND ARTICLES. HERE YOU 910 00:43:30,360 --> 00:43:33,240 SEE HANS AND JAMES CUTTING THE 911 00:43:33,240 --> 00:43:35,800 RIBBON TO INAUGURATE THE FIRST 912 00:43:35,800 --> 00:43:38,600 SERIES OF PHYSICAL EXHIBITS 913 00:43:38,600 --> 00:43:42,600 CALLED WINDOWS INTO NIH HISTORY. 914 00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:46,080 AND THIS WAS MY FIRST TASTE OF 915 00:43:46,080 --> 00:43:49,960 WHAT I CALL BEING A RING MASTER, 916 00:43:49,960 --> 00:43:54,880 COORDINATING THE WORK OF THE 917 00:43:54,880 --> 00:43:58,040 OLDEST CONSTITUTES, FIVE OF THE 918 00:43:58,040 --> 00:44:00,000 OLD 919 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:01,480 OLDEST INSTITUTES WHO PREPARED 920 00:44:01,480 --> 00:44:03,360 FOR THE WINDOW SERIES DURING THE 921 00:44:03,360 --> 00:44:05,040 CENTENNIAL OBSERVATION. 922 00:44:05,040 --> 00:44:07,760 AND I CAN BRAG ON THE QUALITY OF 923 00:44:07,760 --> 00:44:10,640 THESE EXHIBITS. THOSE 924 00:44:10,640 --> 00:44:13,040 INSTITUTES CAME THROUGH FOR US. 925 00:44:13,040 --> 00:44:16,560 THE SERIES WON THE JOHN WESLEY 926 00:44:16,560 --> 00:44:17,440 POWELL AWARD FROM THE SOCIETY OF 927 00:44:17,440 --> 00:44:18,960 THE HISTORY OF THE FEDERAL 928 00:44:18,960 --> 00:44:20,920 GOVERNMENT THE YEAR AFTER THE 929 00:44:20,920 --> 00:44:28,840 U.S. NAVY HAD WON FOR THE U.S.S. 930 00:44:28,840 --> 00:44:33,080 ARIZONA MUSEUM. SO IT WAS IN 931 00:44:33,080 --> 00:44:36,760 RAREFIED COMPANY. AFTER THE 932 00:44:36,760 --> 00:44:39,240 TERRORIST ATTACKS OF SEPTEMBER 933 00:44:39,240 --> 00:44:49,960 11, 21 -- 2 2001, HOWEVER, THE 934 00:44:51,760 --> 00:44:53,240 PUBLIC WAS NOT ABLE TO ENJOY 935 00:44:53,240 --> 00:44:55,760 THIS. WE EXPANDED THE DIGITAL 936 00:44:55,760 --> 00:44:58,200 EXHIBITS. SOME OF WHICH I HAVE 937 00:44:58,200 --> 00:45:02,240 ALREADY SHOWN YOU N. 2002, AS I 938 00:45:02,240 --> 00:45:04,640 THINK IT WAS, AS I WAIT FOR A 939 00:45:04,640 --> 00:45:06,280 MRAEP TO RETURN FROM D.C. AFTER 940 00:45:06,280 --> 00:45:08,200 AN AMERICAN HISTORICAL MEETING 941 00:45:08,200 --> 00:45:10,680 IN CHICAGO, I CHECKED WITH 942 00:45:10,680 --> 00:45:13,280 DR. ROY WHO HAD FOUNDED A CENTER 943 00:45:13,280 --> 00:45:17,000 FOR HISTORY AND NEW MEDIA. AT 944 00:45:17,000 --> 00:45:18,480 JARRING MASON UNIVERSITY. HE 945 00:45:18,480 --> 00:45:19,920 SUGGESTED THAT OUR TWO PROGRAMS 946 00:45:19,920 --> 00:45:26,200 SHOULD COLLABORATE ON A DIGITAL 947 00:45:26,200 --> 00:45:29,360 EXHIBIT. LEVITT ON OUR STAFF 948 00:45:29,360 --> 00:45:32,080 HAD INTERVIEWED HER ON HER WORK 949 00:45:32,080 --> 00:45:33,000 IN SEARCHING FOR A DIAGNOSTIC 950 00:45:33,000 --> 00:45:35,840 TOOL FOR CANCER. AND ACCIDENTLY 951 00:45:35,840 --> 00:45:40,080 IN THE PROCESS, AS IT WERE, 952 00:45:40,080 --> 00:45:42,800 IDENTIFYING AN AASSAY THAT WAS 953 00:45:42,800 --> 00:45:45,680 PICKED UP BY PHARMACEUTICAL 954 00:45:45,680 --> 00:45:48,840 COMPANIES AND COMMERCIALIZED AS 955 00:45:48,840 --> 00:45:50,480 THE HOME PREGNANTY TEST. SARAH 956 00:45:50,480 --> 00:45:58,600 AND THE WONDERFUL H NIH 957 00:45:58,600 --> 00:46:00,200 DEPARTMENT CREATED THIS HERE. 958 00:46:00,200 --> 00:46:01,280 AND THEY WANTED THEM TO TELL 959 00:46:01,280 --> 00:46:02,840 THEIR OWN STORIES ABOUT THE 960 00:46:02,840 --> 00:46:05,000 PREGNANCY TEST BUT AS YOU KNOW, 961 00:46:05,000 --> 00:46:08,640 THE PROFIT -- FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 962 00:46:08,640 --> 00:46:11,280 IS PROHIBITED FROM STORING SO 963 00:46:11,280 --> 00:46:13,440 MUCH INFORMATION FROM CITIZENS 964 00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:14,440 IN THIS SPACE. 965 00:46:14,440 --> 00:46:17,680 THIS IS WHERE GEORGE MASON CAME 966 00:46:17,680 --> 00:46:19,120 IN. CREATED THAT DATABASE AND 967 00:46:19,120 --> 00:46:20,800 VIEWERS OF OUR EXHIBIT WERE TOLD 968 00:46:20,800 --> 00:46:23,520 THAT IF THEY WISH TO TELL THEIR 969 00:46:23,520 --> 00:46:25,320 OWN STORIES, THEY WOULD LEAVE 970 00:46:25,320 --> 00:46:28,760 THE NIH WEBSITE AND GO TO GEORGE 971 00:46:28,760 --> 00:46:30,720 MASON'S. AND JUST TO MAKE SURE 972 00:46:30,720 --> 00:46:33,040 THAT THIS STORY WAS ALSO 973 00:46:33,040 --> 00:46:34,840 RECORDED IN THE ACADEMIC 974 00:46:34,840 --> 00:46:36,680 LITERATURE, SARAH PUBLISHED AN 975 00:46:36,680 --> 00:46:38,480 ARTICLE IN THE BULLETIN OF THE 976 00:46:38,480 --> 00:46:41,680 HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND I TELL 977 00:46:41,680 --> 00:46:44,240 THIS LONG STORY BECAUSE THIS 978 00:46:44,240 --> 00:46:47,840 EXHIBIT ALONG WITH HIV/AIDS 979 00:46:47,840 --> 00:46:49,680 MATERIALS ARE TWO OF THE MOST 980 00:46:49,680 --> 00:46:51,880 VISITED SITES ON THE WEB AT -- 981 00:46:51,880 --> 00:46:56,400 EVEN AFTER 20 YEARS. I EXPECT 982 00:46:56,400 --> 00:47:01,040 HOWEVER THAT ALL THE COVID-19 983 00:47:01,040 --> 00:47:02,520 INFORMATION BEING MADE AVAILABLE 984 00:47:02,520 --> 00:47:05,680 RIGHT NOW WILL SURPASS 985 00:47:05,680 --> 00:47:11,080 EVERYTHING AS TIME GOES ON. I 986 00:47:11,080 --> 00:47:13,640 WILL CLOSE WITH PICTURES OF THE 987 00:47:13,640 --> 00:47:15,240 BRILLIANT STAFF THAT KIM PELIS 988 00:47:15,240 --> 00:47:19,320 HAS ASSEMBLED TO TAKE THIS 989 00:47:19,320 --> 00:47:22,400 OFFICE INTO THE FUTURE. THESE 990 00:47:22,400 --> 00:47:24,800 FOLKS TELL NIH HISTORY VIA 991 00:47:24,800 --> 00:47:29,080 INTERNAL MEDIA SUCH AS THE NIH 992 00:47:29,080 --> 00:47:33,960 REGARD AND THE CATALYST AND THE 993 00:47:33,960 --> 00:47:36,760 SOCIAL MEDIA THAT DIDN'T EXIST 994 00:47:36,760 --> 00:47:38,600 WHEN I WAS DIRECTOR. I REMIND 995 00:47:38,600 --> 00:47:41,240 YOU THAT AS WE ALL KNOW 996 00:47:41,240 --> 00:47:44,240 HISTORIANS ALWAYS HAVE THE LAST 997 00:47:44,240 --> 00:47:51,240 WORD AND, PARDON ME, AND TO MAKE 998 00:47:51,240 --> 00:47:53,480 SURE HISTORIANS IN THE FUTURE 999 00:47:53,480 --> 00:47:55,120 KNOW ABOUT NIH CONTRIBUTION TO 1000 00:47:55,120 --> 00:47:58,360 HUMAN HEALTH, THE OFFICE OF NIH 1001 00:47:58,360 --> 00:48:01,360 HISTORY AND STETTEN MUSEUM NEEDS 1002 00:48:01,360 --> 00:48:04,480 YOUR HELP. I IMPLORE YOU, ONCE 1003 00:48:04,480 --> 00:48:08,720 AGAIN, TO THINK ABOUT DONATING 1004 00:48:08,720 --> 00:48:10,560 PHOTOGRAPHS, INSTRUMENTS, 1005 00:48:10,560 --> 00:48:12,280 ARTIFACTS ABOUT SITTING FOR AN 1006 00:48:12,280 --> 00:48:14,960 ORAL HISTORY, ABOUT WRITING YOUR 1007 00:48:14,960 --> 00:48:17,480 OWN MEMOIRS. OVER THESE LAST 1008 00:48:17,480 --> 00:48:21,320 FEW MINUTES, I HAVE TALKED ABOUT 1009 00:48:21,320 --> 00:48:25,080 AND SHOWN YOU IMAGES OF A TINY 1010 00:48:25,080 --> 00:48:27,840 PORTION OF HOW WE TELL NIH 1011 00:48:27,840 --> 00:48:28,760 HISTORY, STORY BY STORY. I'VE 1012 00:48:28,760 --> 00:48:31,560 TRIED TO GIVE YOU AN OVERVIEW OF 1013 00:48:31,560 --> 00:48:35,480 WHY WE NEED TO DO NIH HISTORY. 1014 00:48:35,480 --> 00:48:37,720 WHO SHOULD WRITE THE STORIES? 1015 00:48:37,720 --> 00:48:40,240 THE KINDS OF RESOURCES THAT MAKE 1016 00:48:40,240 --> 00:48:43,760 THE STORIES POSSIBLE AND THE 1017 00:48:43,760 --> 00:48:44,880 DIFFERENT VENUES THROUGH WHICH 1018 00:48:44,880 --> 00:48:47,440 THEY MAY BE COMMUNICATED. 1019 00:48:47,440 --> 00:48:48,600 FUTURE SPEAKERS IN THIS 1020 00:48:48,600 --> 00:48:51,040 LECTURESHIP WILL FOCUS ON 1021 00:48:51,040 --> 00:48:53,240 INDIVIDUAL STORIES. I LOOK 1022 00:48:53,240 --> 00:48:55,880 FORWARD TO HEARING THOSE 1023 00:48:55,880 --> 00:48:58,560 LECTURES AND ONCE AGAIN, I THANK 1024 00:48:58,560 --> 00:49:02,000 YOU FOR THE SINGLE HONOR YOU 1025 00:49:02,000 --> 00:49:02,480 HAVE GIVEN ME 1026 00:49:02,480 --> 00:49:12,920 >> AUDIENCE: (APPLAUSE). 1027 00:49:13,440 --> 00:49:15,200 >> KIM: THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR A 1028 00:49:15,200 --> 00:49:24,800 WONDERFUL LECTUCTURE -- DO WE H 1029 00:49:24,800 --> 00:49:25,440 ANY QUESTIONS? ANYBODY HERE WHO 1030 00:49:25,440 --> 00:49:26,880 WOULD LIKE TO ASK A QUESTION, 1031 00:49:26,880 --> 00:49:28,960 PLEASE COME UP TO THE 1032 00:49:28,960 --> 00:49:30,840 MICROPHONE, STATE YOUR NAME AND 1033 00:49:30,840 --> 00:49:34,080 IF ANYONE IN THE WEB AUDIENCE 1034 00:49:34,080 --> 00:49:36,360 WOULD LIKE TO ASK A QUESTION 1035 00:49:36,360 --> 00:49:40,920 THERE'S A BUTTON BY YOUR SCREEN 1036 00:49:40,920 --> 00:49:42,480 >> AUDIENCE: SINCE EVERYTHING IS 1037 00:49:42,480 --> 00:49:44,120 DIGITAL NOW IT PRESENTS A 1038 00:49:44,120 --> 00:49:47,800 CERTAIN PROBLEM. IT IS EASY TO 1039 00:49:47,800 --> 00:49:49,680 SAVE AND COLLECT BUT THERE'S SO 1040 00:49:49,680 --> 00:49:51,640 MUCH. THE HUNDREDS OF -- THE 1041 00:49:51,640 --> 00:49:54,480 PHOTOS ON YOUR SMART PHONE, IT 1042 00:49:54,480 --> 00:49:55,600 CAN BE HARD TO UNDERSTAND WHAT 1043 00:49:55,600 --> 00:49:57,200 IS MOST IMPORTANT TO SAVE. DO 1044 00:49:57,200 --> 00:49:59,640 YOU HAVE ANY ADVICE ABOUT 1045 00:49:59,640 --> 00:50:01,440 COLLECTING IN THE DIGITAL ERA 1046 00:50:01,440 --> 00:50:03,640 GIVEN THAT STORAGE ISN'T FREE 1047 00:50:03,640 --> 00:50:07,120 AND SOMETIMES NOT AS STABLE AS 1048 00:50:07,120 --> 00:50:12,560 THE PHYSICAL OBJECTS? 1049 00:50:12,560 --> 00:50:14,400 >> VICTORIA: GABRIELE MIGHT 1050 00:50:14,400 --> 00:50:16,360 OUGHT TO BE THE PERSON ANSWERING 1051 00:50:16,360 --> 00:50:18,520 THIS. I AM OBSESSIVE ABOUT THIS 1052 00:50:18,520 --> 00:50:22,440 WHEN I TAKE PICTURES. I GO HOME 1053 00:50:22,440 --> 00:50:27,880 AND COPY THEM -- COPY IN MY HARD 1054 00:50:27,880 --> 00:50:30,000 DRIVE. THAT'S NOT DONE SO MUCH 1055 00:50:30,000 --> 00:50:31,760 ANYMORE. AND CATALOG. I PUT 1056 00:50:31,760 --> 00:50:36,800 THE DATE, THE YEARS, THE FULL 1057 00:50:36,800 --> 00:50:40,080 DATE, AND HERE THEY ARE, WHAT IT 1058 00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:42,520 IS BASICALLY AND I HAVE FOLDERS 1059 00:50:42,520 --> 00:50:48,000 THAT THEY DO INTO. THIS IS ALL 1060 00:50:48,000 --> 00:50:52,120 DIGITAL. AND I AM RUTHLESS 1061 00:50:52,120 --> 00:50:53,920 ABOUT CURATING AND CUTTING OUT. 1062 00:50:53,920 --> 00:50:56,760 NOT EVERY PHOTO HAS TO BE SAVED 1063 00:50:56,760 --> 00:51:00,200 BUT THINGS THAT REPRESENT 1064 00:51:00,200 --> 00:51:03,120 IMPORTANT THINGS. BUT GABRIELE 1065 00:51:03,120 --> 00:51:07,920 IS THE ARCHIVIST FOR THE OFFICE 1066 00:51:07,920 --> 00:51:10,240 AND SHE IS A FINE PERSON AS IS 1067 00:51:10,240 --> 00:51:11,640 MICHELLE IN TERMS OF KNOWING THE 1068 00:51:11,640 --> 00:51:15,240 KINDS OF PHOTOS THAT WOULD BE 1069 00:51:15,240 --> 00:51:24,320 NEEDED THE MOST 1070 00:51:24,320 --> 00:51:25,920 >> AUDIENCE: MY NAME IS STEVE 1071 00:51:25,920 --> 00:51:29,000 HOLLAND AND VICKI, I CAN'T THANK 1072 00:51:29,000 --> 00:51:30,560 YOU ENOUGH FOR THE EXTRAORDINARY 1073 00:51:30,560 --> 00:51:33,040 WORK YOU'VE DONE NOT ONLY 1074 00:51:33,040 --> 00:51:34,600 DOCUMENTING THE HISTORY OF OUR 1075 00:51:34,600 --> 00:51:35,560 INFECTIONS AND OF OUR EFFORTS 1076 00:51:35,560 --> 00:51:39,040 BUT THE HISTORY OF OUR HISTORY. 1077 00:51:39,040 --> 00:51:43,840 AND I -- AS AN INDULGER IN YOUR 1078 00:51:43,840 --> 00:51:45,760 CRAFT AND YOUR SKILL, I'M DEEPLY 1079 00:51:45,760 --> 00:51:48,120 GRATEFUL AND IMPRESSED. I 1080 00:51:48,120 --> 00:51:49,680 WONDER IF I COULD JUST ASK FOR A 1081 00:51:49,680 --> 00:51:52,320 MOMENT, YOU'VE SHOWN A LOT ABOUT 1082 00:51:52,320 --> 00:51:55,920 OUR INTRAMURAL SUCCESSES, AND 1083 00:51:55,920 --> 00:51:59,520 THE CRITICAL THINGS THAT WE IN 1084 00:51:59,520 --> 00:52:02,760 THE INTRAMURAL PROGRAM HAVE DONE 1085 00:52:02,760 --> 00:52:05,400 OVER CENTURIES NOW. I WONDER A 1086 00:52:05,400 --> 00:52:09,000 LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW WE CAPTURE 1087 00:52:09,000 --> 00:52:10,040 SOME OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 1088 00:52:10,040 --> 00:52:12,800 THE EXTRAMURAL PROGRAM AND I'M 1089 00:52:12,800 --> 00:52:14,200 SPECIFICALLY THINKING OF COURSE 1090 00:52:14,200 --> 00:52:17,320 UNIVERSITIES ARE ALWAYS CAPT 1091 00:52:17,320 --> 00:52:18,720 CAPTURCAPT 1092 00:52:18,720 --> 00:52:21,000 CAPTURING WHAT THEY DO WITH A 1093 00:52:21,000 --> 00:52:22,840 LOT MORE GLOSSY THAN WE CAN 1094 00:52:22,840 --> 00:52:26,640 PROVIDE. SO HOW DO WE CAPTURE 1095 00:52:26,640 --> 00:52:29,320 THE ACTION BETWEEN THE 1096 00:52:29,320 --> 00:52:30,760 EXTRAMURAL COMPONENTS AND OUR 1097 00:52:30,760 --> 00:52:33,200 WORK IN THE EXTRAMURAL WORK? 1098 00:52:33,200 --> 00:52:35,360 >> VICTORIA: THAT'S A FINE 1099 00:52:35,360 --> 00:52:38,560 QUESTION AND WHEN WE STARTED 1100 00:52:38,560 --> 00:52:42,680 THIS OFFICE, WITH SUCH A TINY 1101 00:52:42,680 --> 00:52:45,200 STAFF, WE MADE THE DECISION WE 1102 00:52:45,200 --> 00:52:47,280 WOULD AIM TO DEAL WITH 1103 00:52:47,280 --> 00:52:49,680 INTRAMURAL BECAUSE THEY WERE 1104 00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:54,360 HERE. WE COULDN'T DO IT ALL. 1105 00:52:54,360 --> 00:52:57,240 FURTHER, WE ENDED UP, INCLUDING 1106 00:52:57,240 --> 00:53:01,240 CERTAIN THINGS LIKE THE GENOME 1107 00:53:01,240 --> 00:53:02,960 PROJECT'S ETHICAL, LEGAL AND 1108 00:53:02,960 --> 00:53:06,920 SOCIAL PROGRAM AS TOPICS BECAUSE 1109 00:53:06,920 --> 00:53:11,560 THEY WERE SO CURRENT. AS FAR AS 1110 00:53:11,560 --> 00:53:16,400 ALL THE GRANTEES GO, IT IS -- IT 1111 00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:18,200 DISAPPOINTED ME WHEN I FOUND OUT 1112 00:53:18,200 --> 00:53:23,040 THAT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES DOES 1113 00:53:23,040 --> 00:53:25,240 NOT KEEP ANYTHING MORE THAN THE 1114 00:53:25,240 --> 00:53:29,280 TOP PAGE OR TWO OF GRANTS. IT 1115 00:53:29,280 --> 00:53:30,680 DOES NOT KEEP THE SO-CALLED PINK 1116 00:53:30,680 --> 00:53:35,720 SHEETS, THE REVIEWS. WHICH IS 1117 00:53:35,720 --> 00:53:36,720 WHAT HISTORIANS WOULD LIKE TO 1118 00:53:36,720 --> 00:53:37,800 SEE. WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT 1119 00:53:37,800 --> 00:53:40,960 THESE PROPOSALS. AND WE WOULD 1120 00:53:40,960 --> 00:53:43,840 GET INQUIRIES ABOUT THIS ALL THE 1121 00:53:43,840 --> 00:53:46,440 TIME AND THE ONLY RESPONSE THAT 1122 00:53:46,440 --> 00:53:49,680 WE COULD REALLY GIVE WAS IF YOU 1123 00:53:49,680 --> 00:53:53,440 GO TO THE UNIVERSITY, MAYBE THE 1124 00:53:53,440 --> 00:53:56,840 GRANTEE, HIM OR HERSELF SAVED 1125 00:53:56,840 --> 00:53:57,960 THIS INFORMATION. IT'S A BIG 1126 00:53:57,960 --> 00:54:05,680 PROBLEM. I MEAN, THERE ARE THE 1127 00:54:05,680 --> 00:54:06,920 OVERVIEW PROGRAMS IN ANY 1128 00:54:06,920 --> 00:54:11,960 INSTITUTE, WELL, I'M THINKING 1129 00:54:11,960 --> 00:54:16,360 PERHAPS IN THE HEART INSTITUTE. 1130 00:54:16,360 --> 00:54:22,600 IT HAS THE KIND OF PRECEDENCE 1131 00:54:22,600 --> 00:54:27,280 THAT COULD BE DEALT WITH. THE 1132 00:54:27,280 --> 00:54:31,120 PROBLEM OF DEALING WITH ALL THE 1133 00:54:31,120 --> 00:54:32,600 GRANTEES AND ALL THE INSTITUTES 1134 00:54:32,600 --> 00:54:34,800 IS JUST MORE THAN I KNOW ANYBODY 1135 00:54:34,800 --> 00:54:38,200 COULD DEAL WITH. MAYBE SOMEBODY 1136 00:54:38,200 --> 00:54:43,600 ELSE HAS AN IDEA 1137 00:54:43,600 --> 00:54:44,680 >> AUDIENCE: ANOTHER QUESTION 1138 00:54:44,680 --> 00:54:46,600 FROM THE AUDIENCE AT HOME ARE 1139 00:54:46,600 --> 00:54:48,480 ASKING DO YOU HAVE A FAVORITE 1140 00:54:48,480 --> 00:54:51,240 NIH STORY OF ALL THE NARRATIVES 1141 00:54:51,240 --> 00:54:54,200 AND BIOGRAPHIES YOU HAVE 1142 00:54:54,200 --> 00:54:55,560 COLLECTED? 1143 00:54:55,560 --> 00:54:57,400 >> VICTORIA: HOW MANY HOURS DO 1144 00:54:57,400 --> 00:55:01,280 WE HAVE? NO. BUT IF YOU GIVE 1145 00:55:01,280 --> 00:55:02,560 ME THE OPPORTUNITY TO TELL A 1146 00:55:02,560 --> 00:55:04,160 STORY I WILL TELL A STORY THAT 1147 00:55:04,160 --> 00:55:05,360 I'VE TOLD THESE GENTLEMEN BEFORE 1148 00:55:05,360 --> 00:55:10,880 WE STARTED. WHICH IS WHY IT'S 1149 00:55:10,880 --> 00:55:15,280 SO IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE TO WORK, 1150 00:55:15,280 --> 00:55:19,960 TO SAVE MATERIAL SINCE I WROTE 1151 00:55:19,960 --> 00:55:22,480 THE BOOK ON HIV/AIDS I GET CALLS 1152 00:55:22,480 --> 00:55:23,960 EVERY TIME THERE'S AN 1153 00:55:23,960 --> 00:55:27,560 ANNIVERSARY FROM JOURNALISTS. 1154 00:55:27,560 --> 00:55:31,360 AND THE LAST BIG ANNIVERSARY AN 1155 00:55:31,360 --> 00:55:35,240 EARNEST YOUNG WOMAN CALLED AND 1156 00:55:35,240 --> 00:55:39,320 ASKED WHEN DID THE RONALD REAGAN 1157 00:55:39,320 --> 00:55:41,680 ADMINISTRATION FINALLY FREE UP 1158 00:55:41,680 --> 00:55:46,840 MONEY TO DO RESEARCH ON AIDS AND 1159 00:55:46,840 --> 00:55:50,840 I SAID IT WAS AFTER ROCK HUDSON 1160 00:55:50,840 --> 00:55:54,320 DIED. DEAD SILENCE. I SAID YOU 1161 00:55:54,320 --> 00:55:57,480 DO KNOW WHO ROCK HUDSON WAS? 1162 00:55:57,480 --> 00:55:59,600 DON'T YOU? AND SHE SAID, NO, 1163 00:55:59,600 --> 00:56:05,040 I'M SORRY, I HAVE NEVER HEARD OF 1164 00:56:05,040 --> 00:56:11,240 HIM. WHO WAS HE AND WHY DOES IT 1165 00:56:11,240 --> 00:56:13,800 MATTER AND I SAID HE WAS A GOOD 1166 00:56:13,800 --> 00:56:15,920 FRIEND OF RONALD AND NANCY 1167 00:56:15,920 --> 00:56:18,160 REAGAN WHO WERE ALSO ACTORS AND 1168 00:56:18,160 --> 00:56:20,520 THE FACT THAT PEOPLE WERE 1169 00:56:20,520 --> 00:56:22,520 FINDING OUT IN THE EARLY 80S NOT 1170 00:56:22,520 --> 00:56:25,680 ONLY THAT HE WAS GAY BUT THAT HE 1171 00:56:25,680 --> 00:56:27,840 WAS DYING FROM THIS TERRIBLE 1172 00:56:27,840 --> 00:56:31,240 DISEASE, IT IMPRESSED THE REAGAN 1173 00:56:31,240 --> 00:56:35,360 ADMINISTRATION THAT NOW'S THE 1174 00:56:35,360 --> 00:56:41,040 TIME THAT WE CAN SUPPORT 1175 00:56:41,040 --> 00:56:42,960 FUNDING. I WAS TOLD THIS STORY 1176 00:56:42,960 --> 00:56:45,000 BY THE FIRST PERSON I EVER 1177 00:56:45,000 --> 00:56:48,280 INTERVIEW IF YOU REMEMBER 1178 00:56:48,280 --> 00:56:50,680 DR. HILL. HE WAS TONY FAUCI'S 1179 00:56:50,680 --> 00:56:53,480 DEPUTY AND I WAS STILL IN 1180 00:56:53,480 --> 00:56:55,120 COMPLETE INTIMIDATION BY 1181 00:56:55,120 --> 00:56:58,560 DR. FAUCI BUT JIM WAS EASY TO 1182 00:56:58,560 --> 00:57:03,120 TALK TO. SO THAT IS A FAVORITE 1183 00:57:03,120 --> 00:57:09,240 STORY 1184 00:57:09,240 --> 00:57:10,200 >> AUDIENCE: YEAH A QUESTION 1185 00:57:10,200 --> 00:57:12,200 ABOUT YOU REPORTED THE HISTORY 1186 00:57:12,200 --> 00:57:17,200 OF AIDS AS IT WAS ONGOING, WHAT 1187 00:57:17,200 --> 00:57:19,760 ADVICE DO YOU HAVE THOSE 1188 00:57:19,760 --> 00:57:21,680 RECORDING COVID-19 AS IT'S 1189 00:57:21,680 --> 00:57:23,040 ONGOING EVEN NOW? 1190 00:57:23,040 --> 00:57:24,720 >> VICTORIA: WELL I JUST GAVE A 1191 00:57:24,720 --> 00:57:27,280 PRESENTATION TO THE OFFICE OF 1192 00:57:27,280 --> 00:57:28,960 NIH HISTORY THE WAY -- DOING 1193 00:57:28,960 --> 00:57:32,440 ORAL HISTORIES HAS EVOLVED FOR 1194 00:57:32,440 --> 00:57:34,480 ME OVER TIME. AND I PUT A LOT 1195 00:57:34,480 --> 00:57:38,200 MORE IN THEM NOW. IN TERMS OF 1196 00:57:38,200 --> 00:57:39,560 INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL AND 1197 00:57:39,560 --> 00:57:41,400 WALKING PEOPLE THROUGH. SO THAT 1198 00:57:41,400 --> 00:57:44,840 THE ONES THAT I'M DOING NOW FOR 1199 00:57:44,840 --> 00:57:49,680 NIAID WE GET THE WHOLE LIFE 1200 00:57:49,680 --> 00:57:53,440 BASICALLY AND I TRY TO EDIT AND 1201 00:57:53,440 --> 00:57:56,880 GO THROUGH AND GET PEOPLE'S 1202 00:57:56,880 --> 00:57:58,960 NAMES SPELLED CORRECTLY. FROM 1203 00:57:58,960 --> 00:58:01,160 HAVING BEEN A HISTORIAN USING 1204 00:58:01,160 --> 00:58:02,720 UNEDITED ORAL HISTORIES AND IT 1205 00:58:02,720 --> 00:58:05,480 TOOK ME HOURS TO FIGURE OUT HOW 1206 00:58:05,480 --> 00:58:07,280 THIS CRAZY SPELLED NAME, WHO 1207 00:58:07,280 --> 00:58:09,000 THEY WERE REALLY TALKING ABOUT 1208 00:58:09,000 --> 00:58:11,480 BUT THOSE ARE THE KINDS OF SCARS 1209 00:58:11,480 --> 00:58:16,560 YOU GET WHETHER -- WHEN YOU DO 1210 00:58:16,560 --> 00:58:16,800 HISTORY. 1211 00:58:16,800 --> 00:58:18,400 MORE INFORMATION IS MY ONLY 1212 00:58:18,400 --> 00:58:20,480 ADVICE, VERY DETAILED 1213 00:58:20,480 --> 00:58:22,400 INFORMATION ABOUT -- START WITH, 1214 00:58:22,400 --> 00:58:25,320 WHO IS THE INTERVIEWER? AND 1215 00:58:25,320 --> 00:58:28,680 WHAT IS THE SUBJECT AND IS IT A 1216 00:58:28,680 --> 00:58:32,680 FULL SCALE ALL OF LIFE ORAL 1217 00:58:32,680 --> 00:58:36,520 HISTORY OR IS IT DEVOTED TO ONE 1218 00:58:36,520 --> 00:58:45,280 SUBJEC 1219 00:58:45,280 --> 00:58:45,520 SUBJECT? 1220 00:58:45,520 --> 00:58:46,680 >> LET'S THANK VICKI AGAIN FOR A 1221 00:58:46,680 --> 00:58:51,040 WONDERFUL LECTURE. I AM 1222 00:58:51,040 --> 00:58:53,680 DELIGHTED THAT WE WILL HAVE THIS 1223 00:58:53,680 --> 00:58:56,200 ARCHIVED AND HAVE MANY MORE 1224 00:58:56,200 --> 00:59:03,280 PEOPLE DO HISTORY BEFORE WE LET 1225 00:59:03,280 --> 00:59:05,680 VICKI GO, SHE WOULD GIVE PLAQUES 1226 00:59:05,680 --> 00:59:09,120 TO OUTSTANDING OFFICE MEMBERS OR 1227 00:59:09,120 --> 00:59:09,720 OTHERS TO RECOGNIZE EXCELLENT 1228 00:59:09,720 --> 00:59:11,480 SERVICE. SO WITH THAT IN MIND, 1229 00:59:11,480 --> 00:59:15,080 OUR EXHIBIT DESIGNER HAS PUT 1230 00:59:15,080 --> 00:59:17,160 TOGETHER A PLAQUE THAT IS 1231 00:59:17,160 --> 00:59:19,440 REMINISCENT OF THE ONE THAT IS 1232 00:59:19,440 --> 00:59:23,160 STILL IN MICHELE LYONS OFFICE 1233 00:59:23,160 --> 00:59:27,280 TODAY AND SHE DISPLAYS IT 1234 00:59:27,280 --> 00:59:28,760 PROUDLY IT IS A SPECIAL THANK YOU 1235 00:59:28,760 --> 00:59:31,840 >> VICTORIA: THANK YOU, I CAN'T 1236 00:59:31,840 --> 00:59:32,240 HOLD IT AND SHAKE YOUR HAND AT 1237 00:59:32,240 --> 00:59:33,400 THE SAME TIME. 1238 00:59:33,400 --> 00:59:34,120 >> KIM: THANK YOU FOR COMING. 1239 00:59:34,120 --> 00:59:36,280 REALLY APPRECIATE IT 1240 00:59:36,280 --> 00:59:58,720 >> AUDIENCE: (APPLAUSE).