>>WE ARE
REALLY EXCITED TO BE BACK
AGAIN. AND HAVE MY FRIEND AND
COLLEAGUE THERESA M. CARIDI,
M.D., FSIR HERE TODAY, PUSH
GOING TO SHARE THE LEAKY
PIPE: WHERE AWARENESS LEADS
TO DIRECTION.
AT THE OUTSET I THINK YOU
WILL BE EXCITED TO SEE A
LITTLE BIT OF A DIFFERENT
FLAVOR TODAY. SINCE IT IS
APRIL 4. KEEP THAT IN MIND.
SO UPCOMING SPEAKERS -- MAY
30TH TENTATIVELY, YAEL
BENSOUSSAN, THE BRIDGE TO AI,
AND HE WILL BE TALKING ABOUT
COOL API TOPICS.
>>[VIDEO]
>>BE TRUE TO WHAT YOU SAY TO
PEOPLE (MARTIN LUTHER KING.)
I HAVE BEEN -- ARE YOU GOING
TO RUSH ON A TOTALITARIAN
COUNTRY
-- MAYBE THEY CANNOT
UNDERSTAND SOME OF THESE
ILLEGAL IMPUN CTIONS. THEY
HAVE NOT COMMITTED THEMSELVES
TO THAT OVER THERE, BUT SOON
WILL. OF THE FREEDOM OF THE
-- OF THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH,
SOMEWHERE RING. OF THE
FREEDOM OF PRESS, SOMEWHERE I
RING TO BRING NEWS TO AMERICA
IS THE RIGHT TO PROTEST FOR
OUR RIGHTS!
>>[APPLAUSE]
>>MR. LUTHER KING: -- --
THEY CAN JUMP AND TURN US
AROUND.
>>[APPLAUSE]
>>MR. LUTHER KING: WHAT WILL
HAPPEN NOW? WE HAVE SOME
DIFFICULT DAYS AHEAD. BUT IT
REALLY DOESN'T MATTER WITH ME
NOW, BECAUSE I'VE BEEN TO THE
MOUNTAINTOP. ON THE
MOUNTAIN. LIKE ANYBODY, I
WOULD LIKE TO LEAVE A LONG
LIFE, LONGEVITY HAS ITS
PLACE. BUT I'M NOT CONCERNED
ABOUT THAT NOW. I JUST WANT
TO DO GOD'S WILL. HE HAS
ALLOWED ME TO GO UP TO THE
MOUNTAIN -- -- AND I'VE SEEN
THE PROMISED LAND. I MAY NOT
GET THERE WITH YOU, THAT I
WANTED TO KNOW TONIGHT THAT
WE AS A PEOPLE WILL GET TO
THE PROMISED LAND.
>>[APPLAUSE]>>MR. LUTHER
KING: SO AFTER TONIGHT I'M
NOT WORRIED ABOUT ANYTHING.
I AM NOT FEARING ANY MAN. MY
EYES HAVE SEEN THE GLORY OF
THE COMING OF GOD.
>>[APPLAUSE]
>>THIS IS A CBS BE NEWS
SPECIAL REPORT.
>>DAN RATHER REPORTING FROM
CVS FROM NEW YORK. REVEREND
MARTIN LUTHER KING WAS SHOT
TODAY BY AN ASSASSIN AS HE
STOOD IN -- TENNESSEE.
>>DR. WOOD: SO A LITTLE
HEAVY START TO THE MONTH.
>>ONE PERSON CAN MAKE A
DIFFERENCE AND EVERYONE
SHOULD TRY IT. BY JOHN F.
KENNEDY.
>>DR. WOOD: AND A FEW WORDS
HERE. SPRING IS COMING JUST
LIKE TODAY. IT WAS TODAY IN
THE YEAR 1968, CIVIL RIGHTS
MOVEMENT WAS THE TOPIC OF
DAILY DISCUSSIONS AND SOME
ARGUMENTS. 55 YEARS AGO AT
THIS EXACT HOUR, A
39-YEAR-OLD MAN WAS SITTING
IN THE LORRAINE HOTEL IN
MEMPHIS TENNESSEE, THINKING
ABOUT HIS COUNTRY, HIS
FRIENDS, AND HIS PASSIONS
AND HIT JUST GIVING A SPEECH
THE NIGHT BEFORE ADVENTIST
TEMPLE CHURCH IN MEMPHIS TO
PROVIDE SPIRITUAL SUPPORT --
HE WAS IN WASHINGTON ON
BEHALF OF THE POOR AND THE
6:05 PM HE LEFT HIS ROOM AND
A SNIPER'S BULLET STRUCK HIM
IN THE NECK. HE WAS RUSHED TO
THE HOSPITAL WHERE HE WAS
PRONOUNCED DEAD ABOUT AN HOUR
LATER. HE KNEW HE WAS TAKING
A RISK AND HE KNEW IT WAS
RIGHT THING TO DO. HE CHOSE
TO TAKE THAT RISK FOR ALL OF
OUR BENEFITS. HE HAD GRACE,
STRENGTH, COURAGE, VISION AND
WISDOM.
>>[VIDEO] >>
>>ROBERT KENNEDY: COULD YOU
LOWER THOSE SIGNS PLEASE? I
HAVE VERY SAD NEWS FOR ALL OF
YOU. MARTIN LUTHER KING WAS
SHOT AND KILLED TONIGHT.
MARTIN LUTHER KING DEDICATED
HIS LIFE TO LOVE AND TO
JUSTICE BETWEEN FELLOW HUMAN
BEINGS. HE DIED IN THE CAUSE
OF THAT EFFORT.
IN THIS DIFFICULT DAY AND IN
THIS DIFFICULT TIME FOR THE
UNITED STATES, IT IS PERHAPS
WELL TO ASK WHAT KIND OF A
NATION WE ARE, AND WHAT
DIRECTION WE WANT TO MOVE IN.
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE
BLACK, CONSIDERING THE
EVIDENCE EVIDENTLY IS THAT
THERE WERE WHITE PEOPLE WHO
WERE RESPONSIBLE. YOU CAN BE
FILLED WITH BITTERNESS, AND
WITH HATRED, AND A DESIRE FOR
REVENGE. WE CAN MOVE IN THAT
DIRECTION AS A COUNTRY. AND
GREATER POLARIZATION. LIKE
PEOPLE AMONGST BLACKS. WHITES
AMONG WHITES FILLED WITH
HATRED TOWARDS ONE ANOTHER,
OR WE CAN MAKE AN EFFORT AS
MARTIN LUTHER KING DID TO
UNDERSTAND AND TO COMPREHEND,
AND REPLACE THAT VIOLENCE,
THAT STAINED OF BLOODSHED
THAT HAS SPREAD ACROSS OUR
LAND, IN AN EFFORT TO
UNDERSTAND COMPASSION AND
LOVE.
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE
BLACK, AND ARE TEMPTED TO BE
FILLED WITH HATRED AND
DISTRUST, OF THE INJUSTICE OF
SUCH AN ACT, AGAINST ALL
WHITE PEOPLE, I WOULD ONLY
SAY THAT I CAN ALSO FEEL IN
MY OWN HEART THE SAME KIND OF
FEELING. I HAD A MEMBER OF MY
FAMILY KILLED. BUT HE WAS
KILLED BY A WHITE MAN.
BUT YOU HAVE TO MAKE AN
EFFORT IN THE UNITED STATES.
WE HAVE TO MAKE AN EFFORT TO
UNDERSTAND, TO GET BEYOND OR
GO BEYOND THESE RATHER
DIFFICULT TIMES. A FAVORITE
POEM, MY FAVORITE POET WAS
ESCALUS. HE ONCE WROTE,
EITHER IN HER SLEEP PAIN
WHICH CANNOT BEGET FALLS DROP
BY HARD UPON THE HEART UNTIL
IN OUR OWN DESPAIR, AGAINST
OUR WILL, COMES WISDOM
THROUGH THE AWKWARD GRACE OF
GOD. WHAT WE NEEDED THE
UNITED STATES IS NOT
DIVISION. WHAT WE NEED IN THE
UNITED STATES IS NOT HATRED.
WHAT WE NEED IN THE UNITED
STATES IS NOT VIOLENCE AND
LAWLESSNESS. BUT LOVE AND
WISDOM AND COMPASSION TOWARD
ONE ANOTHER. THE FEELING OF
JUSTICE TOWARD THOSE WHO
STILL SUFFER WITHIN OUR
COUNTRY, WHETHER THEY BE
WHITE, OR WHETHER THEY BE
BLACK.
>>[APPLAUSE]
>>
>>ROBERT KENNEDY: WE CAN DO
WELL IN THIS COUNTRY. WE WILL
HAVE DIFFICULT TIMES. WE HAD
DIFFICULT TIMES IN THE PAST,
BUT WE WILL HAVE DIFFICULT
TIMES IN THE FUTURE. IT IS
NOT THE END OF VIOLENCE. IT
IS NOT THE END OF
LAWLESSNESS, AND IT IS NOT
THE END OF THIS ORDER. BUT
THE VAST MAJORITY OF WHITE
PEOPLE, IN THE VAST MAJORITY
OF BLACK PEOPLE IN THIS
COUNTRY WANT TO LIVE TOGETHER
AND IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF
LIFE. AND WANT JUSTICE FOR
ALL HUMAN BEINGS THAT ABIDE
IN OUR LAND.
>>[APPLAUSE] >> ROBERT
KENNEDY: WE WANTED TO GET
OURSELVES TO WHAT THE GREEKS
WROTE SO MANY YEARS AGO.
CONTAIN THE SELFISHNESS OF
MAN AND MAKE GENTLE THE LIGHT
OF THIS WORLD AND LET US
DEDICATE OURSELVES TO THAT IS
A PRAYER FOR OUR COUNTRY AND
FOR OUR PEOPLE. THANK YOU
VERY MUCH
>>[APPLAUSE] >>THE ARC OF
THE MORAL UNIVERSE IS LONG
BUT IT BENDS TOWARDS JUSTICE.
REVEREND MARTIN LUTHER KING
JR.
>>JOCELYN: THE ULTIMATE
MEASURE OF A MAN IS NOT WHERE
HE STANDS IN MOMENTS OF
COMFORT AND CONVENIENCE, BUT
WHERE HE STANDS AT TIMES OF
CHALLENGE AND CONTROVERSY."
MARTIN LUTHER KING JR..
>>DR. WOOD: IN THE END WE
WON'T REMEMBER NOT THE WORDS
OF OUR ENEMIES, BUT THE
SILENCE OF OUR FRIENDS.
IT HAS BEEN 55 YEARS-- 55
LONG YEARS-- WE STILL HAVE A
LONG WAY TO GO. WE'VE COME A
LONG WAY FOR SURE. MLK TAUGHT
US HOW TO DISAGREE WITHOUT
BEING DISAGREEABLE. HOW TO
NAVIGATE THROUGH CONFLICT
WITHOUT BEING DESTRUCTIVE AND
NEGATIVE. HOW TO ENGAGE AND
DISCUSS VERY DIFFICULT ISSUES
WITH RESPECT TO THE TOP OF
THE LIST.
WHAT WE FORGET HIS HE WAS
ATTACKED ON ALL SIDES. FROM
THE LEFT WHO SAID HE WAS TOO
CONSERVATIVE; FROM THE RIGHT
TO CALL HIM A COMMUNIST. HIS
WORDS CAST VERY LONG SHADOWS.
ONE NEVER KNOWS WHEN THE
CONVERSATION WILL HAVE AN
IMPACT WITH THE CHILD, A
COLLEAGUE, A FRIEND OR
SOMEONE WITH HOME WE MAY NOT
SEE EYE TO EYE. NOR SEE THE
IMPACT OF OUR WORDS. GRACE--
AN INCREDIBLE WORD-- AND
UNDERSTANDING OF THIS GRACE.
SO I URGE YOU TO SEEK OUT
THOSE OPPORTUNITIES IN YOUR
DAILY LIVES. DARKNESS WILL
NEVER DRIVE OUT DARKNESS;
ONLY LIGHT CAN DO THAT.
>>JOCELYN: THANK YOU FOR
THE KIND WORDS BRAD. THAT IS
INSPIRING TODAY WILL PRESENT
THE LEAKY PIPE: WHERE
AWARENESS LEADS TO DIRECTION
BY THERESA M. CARIDI, M.D.,
FSIR, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,
DIVISION DIRECTOR OF
INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY, THE
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT
BIRMINGHAM.
SHE ALSO SERVES AS VICE CHAIR
OF INTERVENTIONAL A AFFAIRS
FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF
RHEOLOGY -- RADIOLOGY AT UAB.
AND MOST RECENTLY CHAIR OF
THE SOCIETY OF INTERVENTIONAL
RADIOLOGY FOUNDATION BOARD OF
DIRECTORS 2022-2023. AS A
RESULT OF HER LONG-STANDING
DEDICATION TO THE STUDY OF
WOMEN'S HEALTH INTERVENTIONS
AND ADVOCACY FOR WOMEN'S
HEALTH PATIENTS, SHE HOLDS A
SECONDARY APPOINTMENT IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND
GYNECOLOGY AT UAB. SPECIAL
INTERESTS INCLUDE THE
TREATMENT OF UTERINE FIBERS
AND OTHER UTERINE CONDITIONS,
PELVIC VENOUS CONGESTION/
PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA/ KIDNEY
CANCER AND PULMONARY AVMS.
WELCOME DR. CARIDI.
DR. CARIDI: THANK YOU SO MUCH
AND GLAD TO BE HERE TODAY.
THANK YOU BRAD FOR NOT ONLY
INVITING ME BUT ALSO FOR
EXPANDING OUR NARROW FOCUS OF
OUR WORLD SOMETIMES. THAT IS
REALLY POWERFUL AND I
APPRECIATE THAT.
HOPEFULLY I'LL
CONTINUE THE INSPIRATION OF
THE DAY BUT I DON'T THINK I
CAN FOLLOW MLK OR JON KENNEDY
FOR THAT MATTER. IT JUST
HAPPENS I WAS ASKED TO GIVE A
LECTURE A COUPLE OF YEARS
BACK AT OUR ANNUAL MEETING
ABOUT THEIR CAREERS
FOUNDATIONS, AND ANY
CHALLENGES IN THE MIDCAREER
TIMEFRAME. HAVING A
BACKGROUND ON THIS TOPIC MY
FIRST THOUGHT WAS, STRANGE
QUESTIONS, STRANGE ANSWERS.
BUT AT THAT TIME I WAS
ESSENTIALLY ASCENDING INTO
THE MIDCAREER PHASE, SO IT
FELT PARTICULARLY RELEVANT
AND WORTHY LOOK INTO THE
LITERATURE.
I HAVE A COUPLE OF
DISCLOSURES. MY FIRST IS
THAT I AM IN FACT NOT AN
EXPERT ON THE LEAKY PIPELINE.
BUT I HAVE TAKEN SOME TIME
TO UNDERSTAND IT OVER THE
LAST COUPLE OF YEARS, BOTH
FROM A DATA PERSPECTIVE AND
ALSO FROM RELATING MY OWN
PERSONAL EXPERIENCES.
IT ALSO JUST HAPPENS THAT I
AM MAKING MY OWN CAREER
PIVOTAL CHANGE (AUDIO IN THE
BACKGROUND) -- IN ANY CASE I
AM MAKING MOUNT CAREER
PIVOTAL, JOINING VAIRAN IS A
MEDICAL DIRECTOR BUT CONTINUE
MY WORK AT UAB, IN THIS
SECTION IS ALMOST ENTIRELY
MADE PRIOR TO THE TRANSITION,
THE PIVOTAL POINT AND IT
BRINGS A DIFFERENT FOCUS NOW.
TO SET THE STAGE I WILL
START BY ASKING YOU ALL-- AND
THIS IS A LITTLE HARDER IN A
VIRTUAL SETTING-- BUT I DON'T
KNOW IF YOU HAVE EVER BEEN IN
THE SITUATION WHERE YOU ARE
AT A LECTURE, IN A DISCUSSION
AND EVERYONE IS ENGAGED IN
ANIMATED ABOUT A TOPIC AND
YOU'RE WONDERING WHY THE
OPINIONS ARE SO EXTREME,
ASKING YOURSELF WHY THESE
INDIVIDUALS SO PASSIONATE
ABOUT THIS TOPIC?
THIS WAS ME COMPLETELY
DISENGAGED. ON MY PHONE AND
SOMEWHAT IGNORANT, AS AN
EARLY CAREER PHYSICIAN WHEN
BURNOUT CAREER MISALIGNMENT
AND THE LEAKY PIPILINE WERE
DISCUSSED IN THESE SETTINGS
AND IN MY MIND AND WE LOVE
WHAT WE DO, AND WE WORK HARD.
WHAT I WOULD TELL MYSELF--
MY YOUNGER SELF-- IS WHAT WE
ARE GOING TO EXPLORE TODAY.
SO, MOST OF YOU KNOW THIS
ALREADY BUT A PROBLEM IS A
SYSTEM DESIGNED TO CHANNEL
SOMETHING FROM ONE PLACE TO
ANOTHER. AND A LEAKY PIPELINE
REFERS TO A SYSTEM THAT IS
FLAWED IN SUCH A WAY THAT
WHEN IT LOOSES SOME QUANTITY
OR QUALITY OF WHAT HE CARRIES
BEFORE IT REACHES THE FINAL
DESTINATION.
OFTEN YOU HEAR THIS IN TERMS
OF A DISPARATE ATTRITION OF
FEMALE CAREER PATHS OR
PERHAPS UNDERREPRESENTED
MINORITY CAREER PATHS.
SOME EXPERTS HAVE SUGGESTED
THAT FEMALE CAREERS ARE NOT
LIMITED BY GLASS CEILING
CAREERS BUT THE LEAKY
PIPILINE.
WE RECOGNIZE EVERYONE IS
AFFECTED BY THIS PHENOMENON
PARTICULARLY IN THE FIRST
DAYS OF THE HEALTH PANDEMIC.
THIS WAS A GREAT ARTICLE
FROM THE PUNISHING 2013 AND
ESSENTIALLY TO PERFORM THE
SURVEY-BASED STUDY OF US
PHYSICIANS FROM ALL SPECIALTY
DISCIPLINES WERE MIDCAREER
WAS CONSIDERED BETWEEN 11-20
YEARS IN PRACTICE AND THEY
EVALUATED THE PRESENCE OF
BERNARD. AMONG MIDDLE COURIER
PHYSICIANS, COMPARED TO EARLY
AND LATE STATION THEY DID
THIS WITH REGARD TO SEX,
SPECIALTY AREA, AND ALSO WITH
REGARDS TO PRACTICE SETTING.
TAKE A LOOK AT THE SCRAPS
OVER TO THE RIGHT. IS A BUNCH
TO DIGEST WAS ANYBODY'S
REPRESENT A BURNOUT. EACH ONE
HAS EARLY, MIDDLE MIDDLE AND
LATE COHORT AND IN THE
GRAPH OWNS ARE WOMEN AND MEN
IN BLUE AND YOU COMPARE
COHORT IN ALL THREE STAGES
AND YOU SEE THE PEAK IS IN
THE MIDDLE CAREER. THIS
WAS STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT
IN FACULTY VARIABLES WERE
STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT FOR
BURNOUT BEING WORSE IN MIDDLE
CAREER STAGE WHETHER IT WAS
GENDER, WHETHER IT WAS
PRACTICE TYPES, PRIMARY
PRACTICE VERSUS SURGICAL
PRACTICE VERSUS INTERNAL
MEDICINE. THEY ALL HAD MORE
OF A PEAK IN THE MIDDLE
CAREER BURNOUT, SIMILARLY
PRACTICE SETTINGS ARE PRIVATE
PRACTICE ACADEMICS AND THE
OTHER ONE WAS NOT
STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT WAS
THE VA.
BUT IN ANY CASE, ESSENTIALLY
THESE DIFFERENCES WERE ALL
STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT FOR
MIDCAREER PHYSICIANS COMPARED
TOEARLY AND LATE CAREER
COUNTERPARTS IN ESSENTIALLY
ALL VARIABLES. MEANING THAT
MIDCAREER PHYSICIANS WERE
IMPACTED BY BURNOUT THE MOST.
THIS IS THE LEAKY PIPILINE
MIDDLE CAREER ACROSS ALL
SPECIALTIES AMONG WOMEN AND
MEN.
THE AUTHORS ULTIMATELY
SUGGESTED EFFORT TO REPLACE
BURNOUT OR TO REDUCE BURNOUT
NEED TO BE EXTENDED TO
MIDCAREER PHYSICIANS-- NOT
JUST TO EARLY CAREER FACULTY
LIKE IS OFTEN DONE.
THE AUTHORS ALSO PERFORMED
AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW OF THE
HISTORICAL DATA ON PHYSICIAN
CAREER SATISFACTION AND
SUGGESTED THIS SENTIMENT
WHICH I FOUND TO BE A VERY
POWERFUL STATEMENT. IT READS,
FOUR GENERATIONS MIDDLE
CAREER HAS BEEN CONSIDERED
THE "NADIR OF SATISFACTION"
WHICH IS KIND OF SAD FOR A
VARIETY OF REASONS GIVEN IN
THE ARTICLE THAT WE WILL
DISCUSS LATER IN THIS LECTURE.
UNDERSTANDING NOW THAT
MIDCAREER IS AN ISSUE, AND
KNOWING THAT THEY EXPERIENCE
BURN OUT TO THE HIGHEST
DEGREE AND ATTRITION TO THE
HIGHEST DEGREE, AND KNOWING
ALSO THAT THE HEALTHCARE
CENTER IN GENERAL IS
INCREDIBLY VULNERABLE TO
BURNOUT, THEN ACADEMIC
MEDICINE IS PARTICULARLY
RISKY. ATTRITION IS OFTEN
COSTLY IN TERMS OF MORALE,
INSTITUTIONAL EXPERTISE,
PATIENT ACCESS, AND OF COURSE
THERE IS AN ECONOMIC BURDEN
TO ATTRITION.
AS YOU PROBABLY KNOW FROM
YOUR OWN INSTITUTIONS, MUCH
AS BEEN DONE TO ENHANCE
JUNIOR FACULTY AND EVEN
SOMETIMES SENIOR FACULTY.
BUT OFTEN THE MIDCAREER
PHYSICIAN DOES NOT HAVE THAT
UNIQUE SUPPORT IN PLACE. I
LIKEN IT TO A MIDDLE CHILD,
ESSENTIALLY THEY ARE LOST IN
BETWEEN.
AND I HAVE ONE OF THOSE AND
IT LEGITIMATELY HAPPENS IN MY
OWN HOME.
KNOWING THIS THIS ARTICLE
FOCUSES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION
OF THE POTENTIAL SOLUTION VIA
A SINGLE INSTITUTION'S
TEN-MONTH MIDCAREER FACULTY
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
FOLLOWING THE INTERVENTION,
THEY DID SURVEYS AND SKILLS
ASSESSMENTS TO REVIEW THE
GAINS MADE BY THE TEST GROUP
WHEN COMPARED TO A MATCH
POPULATION. AND THE
CURRICULUM WAS AS STATED HERE.
THE CURRICULUM HAD FOUR
PRIMARY LEARNING GOALS. ONE
WAS TO SELF REFLECT AND
PURSUE AN INDIVIDUAL DEVELOP
AND PLAN, ONE WAS TO CONNECT
LONGITUDINALLY TO THE PEER
COHORT INTO A LARGER
ORGANIZATION. THE THIRD WAS
TO COLLABORATE EFFECTIVELY
WITH COLLEAGUES ACROSS
DISCIPLINES, SECTORS AND
ROLES AND FINALLY THE FOURTH
WAS TO ENHANCE ABILITY TO
IMPLEMENT INFORMATIVE WORK.
THE RESULTS FROM THIS DATA--
THE TABLE WAS INCREDIBLY
CUMBERSOME, I AM NOT SHOWING
IT HERE BUT SUFFICE IT TO SAY
THAT THE POSTINTERVENTION
RESULTS INDICATE THAT THERE
WAS INDISPUTABLE GAINS MADE
BY THE PARTICIPANTS OVER THE
COURSE OF THE PROGRAM. THE
CONTROL GROUP DID NOT
EXPERIENCE THE SAME
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES SO WE CAN
INFER THAT THE PROGRAM
DESERVES AT LEAST PARTIAL
CREDIT FOR THESE GAINS.
ANOTHER NOTEWORTHY FINDING
IN THIS STUDY WAS THAT THE
PARTICIPANTS ENDED THE
PROGRAM WITH A SIGNIFICANTLY
INCREASED TOTAL SENSE OF
COMMUNITY, AND OVERALL
SATISFACTION WITH THEIR
ACADEMIC CAREERS WHEREAS NO
CHANGE WAS NOTED FOR THE
MATCHED CONTROL GROUP.
LET US NOW TURN TO A SPECIAL
REPORT PUBLISHED IN 2019. WE
ARE GETTING ALL THE DATA OUT
OF THE WAY, THAT IS SPECIFIC
TO RADIOLOGY AND IT GIVES US
SOME INSIGHT INTO THE GENDER
COMPONENT OF THE LEAKY
PIPILINE.
I LOVE THIS GRAPHIC. SHOWN
HERE ARE THE OVERALL
STATISTICS FOR FEMALE
REPRESENTATIONS OF THE
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY PATH,
STARTING WITH THE FACT THAT
GREATER THAN 50% OF MEDICAL
STUDENTS ARE WOMEN. THIS
PROPORTION HOWEVER YOU CAN
SEE THAT IT DRAMATICALLY
INCREASES THE HIGHER LEVELS
OF ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY. AND IT
IS SHOWN HERE THAT WHERE
WOMEN COMPRISED 34% OF
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGISTS BUT
ONLY 9% OF WOMEN HOLD AN
ACADEMIC LEADERSHIP, SUCH A
BEAUTIFUL GRAPHIC TO AMPLIFY
THIS LEAKY PIPILINE.
THE FOLLOWING FACTS WERE
ALSO NOTED BY THE AUTHORS.
FEMALE LAST AUTHORS MORE
LIKELY TO PUBLISH WITH FEMALE
FIRST AUTHORS. THERE IS A
SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION
SPECIFICALLY TO RADIOLOGY NOW
AS FIRST AUTHOR GENDER AND
LAST AUTHOR GENDER, SO A
POSITIVE CORRELATION IN MAJOR
RADIOLOGY JOURNALS.
THERE IS A LACK OF EQUAL
REPRESENTATION ON RADIOLOGY
EDITORIAL BOARDS DESPITE
EFFORTS TO CHANGE THIS. AND
THERE IS INCREASING FEMALE
REPRESENTATION ON RADIOLOGY
EDITORIAL BOARDS AND THIS
INCREASES FEMALE AUTHORSHIP.
THESE ARE FACTS FROM REVIEW
OF DATA.
ALSO DISCUSSED WAS THE
FREQUENT DELAY IN FIRST
AUTHOR PUBLICATIONS FOR
FEMALE AS A RESULT OF LACK OF
MENTORSHIP AND LACK OF
VISIBILITY. THE DELAY IN
FIRST AUTHOR PUBLICATIONS
LEADS TO LACK OF VISIBILITY
FOR WOMEN FURTHER LIMITING
OPPORTUNITIES IN THIS IN
CONJUNCTION WITH THE BASELINE
LOWER FEMALE FACULTY
REPRESENTATION IN ACADEMIC
MEDICINE BECOMES A
SELF-PERPETUATING GENDER GAP.
AND AS MICHELLE OBAMA SAID,
SAMENESS BREEDS SAMENESS.
IN ADDITION TO ALL OF THIS
HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE, THE
CLIMATE POST PANDEMIC WE ALL
RECOGNIZE HAS ADDITIONAL
CHALLENGES. THIS IS AN
OPINION PIECE BUT IT WAS
BASED ON A VARIETY OF DATA
THAT I LOOKED INTO AND KIND
OF DIGESTED AND FEEL THAT IT
IS PRETTY USEFUL AND ACCURATE
DATA COMING FROM A GOOD
SOURCE, FROM A VARIETY OF
SOURCES ACTUALLY.
ONE REPORT ESTIMATED THAT IN
2021 LONG, ABOUT 117,000
PHYSICIANS LEFT THE WORKFORCE
WHILE FEWER THAN 40,000
JOINED THE WORKFORCE. THIS
HAS WORSENED THE ALREADY
CHRONIC PROBLEM OF PHYSICIAN
SOURCE PARTICULARLY IN
SMALLER HOSPITALS AND
CLINICS. AND THE SITUATION IS
SET TO GET WORSE AS ONE IN
FIVE DOCTORS SAYS HE OR SHE
PLANS TO LEAD PRACTICE IN THE
COMING YEARS. THIS ARTICLE
SUGGESTS THAT BURNOUT
RHETORIC THAT WE HAVE BEEN
TAUGHT MISSES THE LARGER
ISSUE AND WHAT IS ACTUALLY
TURNING OUT IN HEALTHCARE
WORKERS NOW IS NOT THE
GRUELING CONDITIONS UNDER
WHICH WE PRACTICE UNDER BUT
MORE FOR DWINDLING FAITH IN
THE SYSTEMS FOR WHICH WE WORK
SO TAKE A LOOK AT THESE
COMMENTS. I WILL READ THEM
TO YOU.
DOCTORS HAVE LONG DIAGNOSED
MANY OF OUR SICKEST PATIENTS
WITH DEMORALIZATION SYNDROME
A CONDITION COMMONLY
ASSOCIATED WITH TERMINAL
ILLNESS THAT IS CHARACTERIZED
BY A SENSE OF HELPLESSNESS
AND LOSS OF PURPOSE.
AMERICAN PHYSICIANS ARE
INCREASINGLY SUFFERING FROM A
SIMILAR CONDITION EXCEPT OUR
DEMORALIZATION IS NOT A
REACTION TO A MEDICAL
CONDITION BUT RATHER TO THE
DISEASES AND FOR WHICH WE
WORK.
AND THERE WAS A PHYSICIAN
WHO WAS QUOTED ACROSS THE TOP
TIER WHO SAID, FOR ME
DOCTORING A BROKEN PLACE
REQUIRES US TO BELIEVE THAT
THE PLACE WILL BECOME LESS
BROKEN AS A RESULT OF MY
EFFORTS. AND SHE GOES ON TO
SAY THAT SHE COULD NO LONGER
BELIEVE THAT.
I BELIEVE THAT THIS
RESONATES WITH MANY
PHYSICIANS IN A VARIETY OF
PRACTICE SETTINGS IN THIS
POST ENDEMIC PHASE. AND
THEREFORE IT WILL EVENTUALLY
POTENTIALLY WORSEN THE LEAKY
PIPELINE.
IF YOU FIND YOURSELF ASKING,
IN MY HAVING A MIDCAREER OR
MIDLIFE CRISIS? YOU MAY WANT
TO THINK ABOUT THE SIZE OF
THE LEAKY PIPE THAT WE ARE
GOING TO DISCUSS BEFORE YOU
GET A TATTOO THAT SAYS
HEALTHCARE STINKS OR PERHAPS
YOU ARE WORRIED ABOUT A
COLLEAGUE BUT EITHER WAY YOU
STILL HAVE SOME SIGNS IN MIND
ABOUT WHAT THE LEAKY PIPELINE
MIGHT LOOK LIKE.
SOME SIGNS OF THE LEAKY
PIPELINE, THE PROVIDER
DECLINE IN HEALTH AND
PRODUCTIVITY AND
PROFESSIONALISM AND EVEN
COMPASSION AND SUBSEQUENTLY
PATIENTS HAVE CARE DECLINE.
THAT IS A DIRECT RESULT OF
THIS PROVIDER DECLINE. SO
THEY HAVE LESS SATISFACTION
IN THEIR CARE AND THEY ALSO
ARE LESS LIKELY TO ADHERE TO
WHAT IS PRESCRIBED TO THEM BY
THEIR PHYSICIANS.
REVISITING THE ARTICLE ON
MIDCAREER CHALLENGES AND
BURNOUT THAT WE TALKED ABOUT
AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS
LECTURE, HERE ARE SOME OF THE
FREQUENTLY CITED CAUSES OF
THE LEAKY PIPELINE SPECIFIED
BY THE MIDCAREER PHYSICIANS:
LONGER WORK HOURS, MORE CALL
DUTY, DISSATISFACTION WITH
SPECIALTY CHOICE, AND BURNOUT
OR EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION.
-- -- FOLLOWED BY OTHER
CIRCUMSTANCES THAT RECYCLE ME
BACK TO MY PURPOSE ULTIMATELY
KEEPING THOSE GEARS WRITING.
MY KIDS NICELY CALL IT
EMPTYING AND REFILLING OF THE
BUCKET, AND THIS ANALOGY
MAKES A LOT OF SENSE.
SO I ASKED MYSELF, HOW DO I
STAY IN MY NORSTAR, IN MY
COMPASS NORTH AND PATIENT
ADVOCACY, AND MY BUCKET
FILLED?
I DID THE WORK AND REALIZE
THAT SOME OF THESE HOLES IN
MY BUCKET WERE TOO LARGE FOR
BAND-AIDS. I COULD SEE MYSELF
BECOMING PART OF THE LEAKY
PIPELINE.
NOW, I AM GOING TO HUMBLY
SHARE WITH YOU THE PEARLS OF
GREATEST IMPACT FOR ME
PERSONALLY. THESE HELP ME
IDENTIFY MY OWN LEAKS, AND
GAVE ME THE AWARENESS TO FEEL
LESS OF A VICTIM OF THE LEAKY
PIPELINE PHENOMENON AND MORE
OF AN ACTIVE PARTICIPANT IN
CHOOSING THE NEXT STEPS.
SO NUMBER 10. BE A GOOD
HOUSE KEEPER, KEEP AN
UP-TO-DATE CV, A BRAG LIST,
ETC. AND I HAVE THIS QUOTE
FROM ADMIRAL MCRAVEN THE
RETIRED NAVY SEAL. IN 2014
MCGRAVE ORGANIZED THE
STRATEGIES FOR THE
COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS AT HIS
ALMA MATER THE UNIVERSITY OF
TEXAS AT AUSTIN. HE EXPANDS
ON HIS EXPERIENCES THAT MAKE
A GREAT MAN. MCCRAVEN WAS
QUOTED AS SAYING THAT WHEN
YOU MAKE YOUR BED FIRST THING
IN THE MORNING YOU START YOUR
DAY WITH PURPOSE AND
CONFIDENCE.
FOR ME GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
INCLUDES KEEPING A CLEAN
INBOX WHICH ALLOWS ME TO
REMAIN TIMELY IN MY RESPONSES
TO OTHERS, AND ALSO ADDRESS
ANY ISSUES THAT ARISE. THIS
IS A STRATEGY THAT WAS PASSED
DOWN BY ANNE COVEY, SOME OF
YOU MAY KNOW HER, THAT IS
TRULY CHANGE MY DAY-TO-DAY.
AND SOME OF MY COLLEAGUES' AS
WELL AND SHE SUGGESTED YOU
TACKLE YOUR INBOX IN THE
FOLLOWING DAYS: FIRST
DELEGATE THE TASK IF POSSIBLE
AND IF APPROPRIATE. IF YOU
CANNOT DELEGATE COMPLETE THE
TAX THAT REQUIRES LESS THAN
FIVE MINUTES AND IF IT
REQUIRES MORE THAN FIVE
MINUTES SCHEDULE TIME ON YOUR
CALENDAR.
NOW SAY SOMETIMES DELEGATION
INVOLVES INTENTIONALLY
ALLOWING SOMEONE ELSE TO
ANSWER OR RESOLVE AN ISSUE
WITHOUT THE NEED TO EVER
RESPOND. THAT IS REALLY
CHALLENGING FOR ME. BUT THERE
IS DEFINITELY AN ART TO
LETTING SOME ISSUES RESOLVE
ON THEIR OWN INSTEAD OF
INTERVENING RIGHT AWAY.
NUMBER NINE. ALONG THOSE
SAME LINES. KEEP DOORS OPEN
AND PREPARE FOR THE MAYBE. IN
THIS REGARD NETWORKING WITH
ALL TYPES OF INDIVIDUAL NOT
KNOWING WHAT THE FUTURE HOLDS
IN PART OF KEEPING THE DOOR
OPEN IS ALSO ACHIEVED BY
CONTINUING TO STRETCH
YOURSELF TO LEARN NEW SKILL
SETS WHETHER IT BE
LEADERSHIP PROGRAMS OR
PARTICIPATION IN VARIOUS
ACTIVITIES AT THE LOCAL,
REGIONAL OR NATIONAL LEVELS.
SO NUMBER EIGHT. FIND
MENTORS AND CHAMPIONS
ESPECIALLY. EVEN THOUGH I
BELIEVE CHAMPIONS ARE SO
SPECIAL IN HOW THEY HAVE
SHAPED MY CAREER, I WOULD BE
REMISS NOT TO MENTION HOW
EQUALLY IMPACTFUL MENTORS
HAVE BEEN OVER TIME. THEY
REALLY HAVE SERVED AS A
TREMENDOUS AND STEADY
RESOURCE TO BOUNCE IDEAS OFF
OF, AND OFTEN HELPED ME
CHECK THE TEMPERATURE ON HOW
AN IDEA OR AN OPPORTUNITY
MIGHT LAND IN MY WORLD. I
THINK VARIETY IS THE KEY TO
MENTORSHIP. YOU SHOULD SEEK
MENTORS WITH VARIED
GEOGRAPHIES, SPECIALTIES IN
NORTH AMERICA AND PICKING ONE
MENTOR WHO IS NOT REALLY
TOUGH CRITIC AND A HARSH
CRITIC ON A CONSISTENT BASIS.
NUMBER SEVEN IT IS OKAY TO
EMBODY A SUPERHERO BUT NO
YOUR KRYPTONITE. IN OTHER
WORDS FIND STRATEGIES TO PUT
IN PLACE TO AVOID REPETITIVE
PITFALLS. THIS BOBBLE HEAD
WAS GIVEN TO ME BY ONE OF MY
STUDENTS SEVERAL YEARS AGO
WHO WENT ON TO A RESIDENCY.
SHE IS AN INCREDIBLE WOMAN
AND PHYSICIAN IN TRAINING,
AND I APPRECIATE YOUR
THOUGHTFULNESS IN THIS GIFT.
BUT I WONDER IF I LET HER
ASTRAY TO REQUIRE SUPERHERO
SKILLS OR THAT THERE IS
NEGATIVITY AND VOLATILITY. I
ALSO NEED TO PAUSE HERE AND
ACKNOWLEDGE BRAD WOOD, THE
MENTOR AND FRIEND OF MINE WHO
REMINDED ME TO OCCASIONALLY
LET THE COOKIE CRUMBLE AND A
STRONG FAçADE IS NOT ALWAYS
NEEDED AT ALL TIMES SO THANK
YOU BRAD.
IN THAT SAME VEIN, I REALLY
DON'T ASCRIBE TO THIS IDEA
THAT THE HEART OF THE CLIENT
THE BETTER THE VIEW. YES,
THERE IS DEFINITELY SOME
TRUTH TO THE GRIND MAKING
THINGS SWEETER WHEN THE
ACHIEVEMENT IS ACHIEVED BUT
WE ALSO HAVE TO REALIZE WE
DON'T HAVE TO TAKE THE MOST
DIFFICULT OR MOST SECURE PATH
AT ALL TIMES. WE CAN LEARN
FROM THE CLAIMS OF OTHERS AND
POTENTIALLY AVOID SOME OF THE
PITFALLS.
I HAVE TO QUOTE MY HUSBAND
HERE AND HE WOULD KILL ME IF
YOU KNEW I WAS DOING THIS BUT
FOR NUMBER SIX AS HE PUTS
THIS, IF YOU HAVE HATERS THAT
MEANS YOU'RE DOING SOMETHING
RIGHT. THE FEMALE VERSION OF
THIS AND IN MY OPINION THE
MORE SOPHISTICATE VERSION IS
UNFORTUNATELY, ENVY ISRAEL
AND WITH NAYSAYERS, IT'S
USUALLY ABOUT THEIR
INSECURITIES RATHER THAN
YOUR DEFICIENCY SO DON'T
ALLOW THEM TO DETER YOU FROM
YOUR PATH.
NUMBER FIVE WORK WITH A
COACH OR OTHER OBJECTIVE
SOURCE BECAUSE EVERYBODY HAS
AN OBJECTIVE. FOR ME THIS
PERSON HAS ALWAYS BROUGHT ME
BACK TO MY COMPASS NORTH, AND
HELP ME LET MY EGO GO,
ENSURING ME THAT AUTHENTICITY
AND PURPOSE OF THE SEGWAY TO
CAREER SATISFACTION.
ALONG THE SAME LINES, NUMBER
FOUR IS SO CRITICAL, SEEK
ALIGNMENT WITH CORE VALUES
AND PASSIONS, NOT PROCEDURE
TITLES.
I WILL USE A VERY SIMPLE
EXAMPLE FOR THIS, INCREDIBLY
BASIC BUT MY FAVORITE
RESEARCH IS A KIND OUR
QUARTERBACK AND I DON'T HAVE
TO DO MYSELF. THAT BEING
SAID I REALLY ENJOYED HEALTH
DISPARITIES RESEARCH. AND
SINCE THIS IS AN
INTERVENTIONAL ONCOLOGY
SERIES I SHOULD MENTION THAT
PHRASE AND THIS IS A LOOK AT
GEOGRAPHIC ASSETS TO
INTERVENTIONAL ONCOLOGY CARE
IN THE US. IS IT A HEAVILY
FUNDED OR PRESTIGIOUS TRACKER
RESEARCH? NOT AT ALL BUT IT
IS WHAT I ENJOY EASY TO
PERFORM AND DOES NOT HAVE
AFTER-HOURS HARDSHIPS.
NUMBER THREE PEOPLE MATTER
MOST AND I WILL TELL YOU A
QUICK STORY ON THIS ONE. AS
A LEADER YOU DON'T ALWAYS GET
THIS ONE RIGHT. SOMETIMES YOU
FIND YOURSELF TOWING THE LINE
OF WHAT IS BEST FOR YOUR
TEAM, AND THE UNFORTUNATE
SHORTCOMINGS OF WHAT YOU OR
YOUR ORGANIZATION CAN PROVIDE.
YOU FIND YOURSELF
PROPAGATING THE COMPANY LINE.
I REALLY HAVE STRUGGLED TO DO
THAT. WITH MY CAREER
TRANSITION APPROACHING? I HAD
A COLLEAGUE AND MENTOR WHO
ACTUALLY GAVE ME UNSOLICITED
ADVICE ABOUT MY SEX. HE SAID
WE LOVE THAT YOU CARE. BUT
PERHAPS YOU SHOULD CARE LESS
GOING FORWARD IN YOUR NEW
ROLE WITH YOUR NEW TEAM. THAT
MAY REALLY HELP YOU.
AND THE ATTEMPT WAS GOOD BUT
I THOUGHT, REALLY? THAT WOULD
NEVER WORK FOR ME.
NUMBER TWO. DO GOOD AND
FORGET IT. THIS IS AN
ORIGINAL SAYING FROM MY DAD
AND HIS MOTHER, MY
GRANDMOTHER MY DAD BELIEVED
IN HELPING OTHERS EVEN IN A
SMALL WAY AND DID NOT EXPECT
THANKS, OR ANYTHING IN RETURN.
THIS IS VERY IMPACTFUL ON
HIS PATIENTS AND ON HIS TEAM
WHICH ULTIMATELY PAY
DIVIDENDS ON CAREER
SATISFACTION.
AND FINALLY NUMBER ONE,
TRAJECTORY AND TIMING ARE
UNIQUELY INDIVIDUAL. YOUR
PATH IS NOT NEED TO BE IN
THIS INTRODUCTORY AS OTHERS
AND WAITING UNTIL NEXT WEEK
OR NEXT MONTH OR FIVE YEARS
FROM NOW MIGHT NOT BE RIGHT
FOR YOU AND I WILL TELL YOU
IS THAT PARTICULARLY AS A
FEMALE I HAVE EXPERIENCED
THIS TIMING ADVICE ON A
REGULAR BASIS BUT IF YOU HAVE
DONE THE HARD WORK TO EXPLORE
A POTENTIAL PIVOT, NO ONE
ELSE HAD THE POTENTIAL DEGREE
OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT YOUR
POTENTIAL TIMING AS YOU CAN.
FINALLY I WILL LEAVE YOU
WITH A QUOTE THAT SUMS UP OUR
DISCUSSION TODAY. AWARENESS
IS A KEY INGREDIENT TO
SUCCESS. IF YOU HAVE IT,
TEACH IT, IF YOU LIKE IT SEEK
IT. I HAVE SO MUCH AS HE
COULD BUT FORTUNATE TO BE
SURROUNDED BY ALL OF YOU AND
THE GREAT INDIVIDUALS AROUND
ME. AND FINALLY MAY ALL YOUR
PIPES BE DRY. THANK YOU.
>>[APPLAUSE]
>>DR. WOOD: AWESOME. THANK
YOU THERESA. ANYBODY FEEL
FREE TO OPEN UP THE VIDEOS IF
YOU ARE ON THE ZOOM LINK.
THAT WAS A GREAT LECTURE.
WHILE PEOPLE ARE GATHERING
THEIR THOUGHTS OR QUESTIONS,
YOUR FATHER WOULD BE PROUD,
AND APPLES DON'T FALL FROM
TREES. I HAD THE PLEASURE OF
GIVING A LECTURE AND HONOR OF
THERESA'S DAD NOT TOO LONG
AGO. ONE OF THE MOST
MEANINGFUL MOMENTS OF MY
LIFE, HONESTLY, HE WAS SUPER
IN PERSON, AND HE DID WRITE
WITH HIS LEGACY IN YOU. THANK
YOU FOR BEING YOU.
WE ARE OPEN FOR QUESTIONS.
ANYBODY FEEL FREE TO CHIME
IN. ISABEL?
>>ISABEL NEWTON:
THANK YO USO MUCH DR.
CARIDI. ONE THING THAT STOOD
OUT FOR ME BECAUSE I AM IN
THIS MIDCAREER -- YOU
MENTIONED AT THE BEGINNING
YOUR DECISION TO PIVOT, AND
YOU ARE GOING TO BE A MEDICAL
DIRECTOR AT VARIAN. I HAVE
ALSO FOUND IT TO BE VERY
REWARDING TO WORK WITH
INDUSTRY AT HIGHER LEVELS.
AND I RECEIVED ALMOST NO
PREPARATION FOR THAT, AND NO
EXPECTATION AROUND IT.
I THOUGHT COULD YOU COMMENT
ON WHAT THAT EXPERIENCE HAS
BEEN FOR YOU? AND HOW YOU
MADE THAT DECISION? WHAT DO
YOU WORRY ABOUT HOW IT WILL
IMPACT YOU ACADEMICALLY?
DR. CARIDI: IS A GREAT
QUESTION AND WHEN I MADE THIS
LECTURE, I OBVIOUSLY CHANGED
IT SINCE IT WAS A FEW YEARS
AGO BUT I WAS HESITANT TO
TALK TOO MUCH ABOUT THAT. I
WAS AWARE OF BEING IN THE
TRANSITION PHASE IN THEIR
SENSITIVITIES AND MIXED
EMOTIONS AS YOU CAN IMAGINE.
BUT IT'S A GREAT QUESTION.
I THINK ALL OF THESE THINGS
THAT I MENTIONED I HAD TO DO
TO COME TO THIS DECISION. IT
WAS NOT COME TO LIKE IN ANY
WAY. AND I THINK THERE ARE
ASPECTS OF THE DECISION THAT
ARE GOING TO HAVE SOME
DISADVANTAGES.
THE ONE PART THAT I FIND
MYSELF INCREDIBLY COMFORTABLE
WITH, IS THAT WHAT I AM ABOUT
TO DO IS GOING TO GIVE YOU
MORE RESOURCES THAN I
CURRENTLY HAVE IN MY CURRENT
ROLE AND CURRENT POSITION.
IT'S A BIGGER PIECE OF THE
PIE TO BE ABLE TO HAND OUT
AND DO THINGS THAT I WANT TO
DO WITH IT, AND SHAPE THE
FUTURE OF OUR SPECIALTY WITH
IT. MAYBE THAT IS A LITTLE
BIT GRANDIOSE. BUT THAT IS
HOW I FEEL ABOUT WHAT I AM
MENTORING. I GET TO USE
LARGER SET OF RESOURCES TO
CHANGE AND DO THE THINGS I AM
ALREADY TRYING TO DO, BUT
WITH LIMITED RESOURCES AND
TIME. SO I AM REALLY EXCITED
ABOUT THAT PART OF IT.
FROM THE LOSS OF ACADEMICS,
MY MIND IS GOING TO BE
WORKING IN AN INCREDIBLE
ACADEMIC WAY BECAUSE I AM
GOING TO BE REVIEWING
CLINICAL TRIALS, AND WORKING
WITH INVESTIGATOR INITIATED
STUDIES, AND ALSO ON
INTERNALLY SPONSORED STUDIES.
AND SO I KNOW I'M GOING TO BE
DOING ACADEMIC MINDFUL WORK,
THE QUESTION IS HOW DOES IT
DETRACT FROM A PIVOT BACK TO
ACADEMICS IF I SO DESIRE?
I WOULD ARGUE THAT I THINK
THE SKILL SETS ARE ALL GOING
TO BE DEVELOPING IN PARALLEL;
AND SO I DON'T THINK I'M
GOING TO LACK THE ABILITY TO
DO ANYTHING ACADEMICALLY NOR
DO I THINK THAT, THERE IS
GOING TO BE AN ORGANIZATION
THAT I GO TO AND SAY, I'VE
JUST HAD X PORTFOLIO FOR THE
LAST FIVE YEARS AT MY
DISPOSAL. AND I HAVE WORKED
WITH A TEAM OF THESE
INDIVIDUALS, AND THESE BRIGHT
MINDS AND THESE ENGINEERS IN
ALL OF THESE THINGS. AND I
DON'T THINK THERE'S GOING TO
BE SOMEONE IN LEADERSHIP AT
AN ORGANIZATION WHO WAS NOT
GOING TO FIND THAT SKILL SET
WORTHY OF CONSIDERATION. SO
IT WILL TAKE AWAY THE
ACADEMIC PRESTIGE, WHICH IS
THE EGO PART OF IT, BUT NOT
NECESSARILY THE ABILITY TO
PIVOT BACKWARDS I WILL BE
DEVELOPING THE SKILL SET THAT
WHOLE TIME. THAT IS WHAT
GIVES ME COMFORT IN MOVING
THAT WAY. I HOPE THAT ANSWERS
YOUR QUESTION, AND IF NOT I
AM HAPPY TO TALK MORE ABOUT
IT.
>>ISABEL NEWTON: IT DOES AND
I REALLY APPRECIATE YOUR
CANDOR ABOUT THIS. YOU TALK
ABOUT ACADEMIC PRESTIGE AND I
AM AN ACADEMIC THROUGH AND
THROUGH BUT I SEE LESS AND
LESS PRESTIGE AND THAT. THE
PRESTIGIOUS AND WHAT YOU
CREATE AND YOU ARE OBVIOUSLY
CREATING REALLY IMPORTANT
THINGS THAT ARE HELPING SHAPE
OUR FIELD AND THE FUTURE
SOMETHING YOU'RE PASSIONATE
ABOUT, IT IS INCREDIBLY
INSPIRATIONAL. THANK YOU.
DR. CARIDI: YOU KNOW YOU
SERVE THAT FOR ME TOO.
ADMIRE HOW YOU CAN DEDICATE
YOUR TIME TO RESEARCH. YOU
ARE ONE OF THOSE MINDS THAT I
LOVE TO HEAR FROM, AND I
REALLY APPRECIATE THE
COMMENTS.
>>DR. WOOD: ANYBODY ELSE?
WHILE PEOPLE ARE BECOMING
LESS SHY HOPEFULLY, I LIKED
WHAT YOU HAD TO SAY ABOUT THE
AUTHORS, FIRST OFF THE
AUTHORS TEND TO BE LATE
GENDERS IN LITERATURE. IT
MAKES YOU WONDER AND SORT OF,
A) WHAT DOES THAT DATA TELL
US ABOUT OURSELVES THAN WOMEN
I KNOW? BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY,
HOW IS THERE A WAY TO TRACK
THAT? CAN WE GO BACK AND
MEASURE THAT?
I KNOW IN PAST LECTURES AMY
-- HAS TALKED ABOUT HOLDING
COMPANIES ACCOUNTABLE IN
TERMS OF WHETHER FUNDS GO FOR
INVESTIGATOR INITIATED WORK.
AND THERE IS A HUGE IMBALANCE
THERE. WE TALKED ABOUT WAYS
TO DO THAT ON AN ANNUAL OR
BIANNUAL BASIS, JUST TO HAVE
FACTS THAT OFTEN MAKE PEOPLE
AWARE; BY MAKING PEOPLE AWARE
WE CAN BE THE EFFECTOR OF
CHANGE MAYBE. ANY THOUGHTS
ON HOW EITHER OF THOSE
METRICS MIGHT HELP OUT THE
LEAKY PIPELINE?
DR. CARIDI: YOU KNOW IT'S
TOUGH BECAUSE I THINK WHAT WE
KNOW AT THIS POINT IS THAT IT
EXISTS, AND HOW TO FIX IT.
THERE ARE ATTEMPTS TO FIX IT
BY INCREASING REPRESENTATION
ON THE EDITORIAL BOARDS,
INCREASING AN UNLIMITED IS
THE ON THE SUBMISSION OF
ARTICLES AND THINGS LIKE THAT
BUT IT'S HARD TO DO THAT WITH
INVESTIGATOR INITIATED
STUDIES. YOU KNOW, ONE OF THE
THINGS THAT REALLY STRUCK ME
THAT I DID NOT HAVE TIME TO
TALK ABOUT TODAY IS HOW DID
THEY KNOW THIS DATA?
ONE OF THE THINGS THEY
SHOWED WAS THE ACTUALLY
BLINDED STUDIES WHERE AUTHORS
READ MANUSCRIPTS FROM
INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT KNOWING
THE GENDER, AND SHOWED THAT
THERE IS TRULY-- WHEN THEY
ARE BLINDED-- THERE IS EQUAL
REPRESENTATION. WHEN THEY ARE
UNBLINDED THERE IS A
DISPARITY IN HOW THEY PUBLISH
FEMALE AUTHORSHIP. SO IT'S
REALLY INTERESTING BECAUSE I
THINK THE FACT IS THAT IT'S
REAL. AND THERE ARE SOME
STRATEGIES IN PLACE TO
MITIGATE IT, BUT IT IS NOT
ENTIRELY SALVAGED AT THIS
POINT.
I THINK ULTIMATELY, IT'S
WHAT I COMMENTED ON, THE
EASIEST FIX. IF WE ARE
CREATING A SYSTEM WHERE THE
MENTORS ARE ONE GENDER OR NOT
DIVERSE IN A VARIETY OF WAYS
NOT JUST GENDER, BUT IN TERMS
OF ETHNICITY, ETC., IF WE ARE
UNDERREPRESENTED IN THAT WAY,
THEN SAMENESS BREEDS
SAMENESS. WE HAVE TO HAVE
THESE MENTORS IN SUBSTANTIAL
LEADERSHIP POSITIONS THAT
REPRESENT ALL OF US. AND IT
CAN'T BE SUCH THAT WE
CONTINUE TO HAVE DISPARITIES
IN THOSE MENTORSHIPS, THE
SENIOR AUTHOR ROLES AND THE
EDITORIAL BOARD POSITIONS AND
IN COMPANIES LIKE WHAT I AM
DOING.
TO MY KNOWLEDGE I DON'T KNOW
A FEMALE INTERVENTIONALIST
WHO HAS DONE THIS. WE KNOW
MAYBE SIX OR SEVEN MAYBE 10
MALE INTERVENTIONALISTS
SETTING AT PATH ACROSS
INDUSTRY BUT WHAT FEMALE
INTERVENTIONALISTS HAS DONE
THAT? THIS IS 2023.
THERE IS A TON OF GREAT
FEMALE INTERVENTIONISTS
BEFORE MY TIME, BEFORE MINE
AND ISABEL'S TIME. WHY? THEY
EITHER DO NOT SEE THEMSELVES
IN THAT POSITION OR THEY ARE
NOT GIVEN AN OPPORTUNITY.
AGAIN, WE'RE CREATING IT BY
NOT HAVING INDIVIDUALS IN
THESE ROLES, OR IN THESE
POSITIONS THAT CAN SHOW WOMEN
AND UNDERREPRESENTED
MINORITIES THAT THERE'S
OPPORTUNITY THERE.
>>DR. WOOD: HOW DID YOU HAVE
THE COURAGE AND GET RID OF
THE FEAR, DEAL WITH THE FEAR
AND BOX IT UP, WHATEVER YOU
DID, IS THERE ANYTHING YOU
CAN SHARE WITH OTHERS IN
TERMS OF WHEN YOU MAKE A
JUMP? YOU MADE A FEW CHANGES
IN YOUR CAREER, ALONG THE
WAY. THERE ARE CERTAINLY GOOD
ONES AND OPPORTUNITIES AND
THINGS THAT LEAD YOU TO BE
MORE IN LINE WITH YOUR OWN
TRAJECTORY OF AWARENESS AND
PASSIONS THAT YOU SPOKE OF.
HOW CAN YOU ACTUALLY-- WHAT
YOU DO WITH THOSE THINGS?
PEOPLE CALL IT IMPOSTER
SYNDROME, PEOPLE CALL IT
WHATEVER YOU WANT BUT
EVENTUALLY YOU WAKE UP AND
YOU ARE SOMETHING OR SOMEBODY
AND YOU'RE FIGHTING, WHO THE
HECK AM I? WHAT AM I TRYING
TO DO? WHAT AM I WORKING
TOWARDS? AND WHEN YOU ARE ON
THE PRECIPICE OF A CLIFF TO
JUMP INTO THE COLD WATER IN
THE MIDDLE OF THE WINTER, AND
YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT IS GOING
TO BE LIKE AT A NEW
INSTITUTION? A NEW ROLE WITH
NEW RESPONSIBILITY? OR IN
SOME CASES A WHOLE NEW SET OF
CULTURES AND PARADIGMS? HOW
DO YOU DO THAT WITHOUT GOING
NUTS?
DR. CARIDI: THIS
CONTRADICTION WITH SEVERAL
THINK OF ONE OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT NEEDS OF MINE IS
KNOWING THAT I'M GOING TO
HAVE A GOOD MENTOR. I CAME
HERE TO UAB BECAUSE -- CANNON
WAS THE CHAIR AND I KNEW SHE
WOULD BE AN INCREDIBLE
MENTOR. IN VARIAN IT'S DAVID
HAHN AND FRANK AND DAVID, WHO
IS THE PERSON I WILL DIRECTLY
REPORT TO, I KNOW HE IS AN
INCREDIBLE MENTOR AND WORKING
WITH HIM TO THE PROCESS OF
GETTING HERE, HIS PATIENCE
AND SOUND ADVICE THAT FELT
VERY UNBIASED, I KNEW HE WAS
GOING TO BE AN INCREDIBLE
MENTOR. I AM CONFIDENT IN
THAT AND IF YOU HAVE AN
INCREDIBLE MENTOR IN SOMEONE
WHO IS LEADING YOUR TEAM,
IT'S THE FOUNDATION FOR
EVERYTHING. AND SO THE REST
IS WASHED AWAY.
YOU CAN ONLY MAKE SO MANY
LISTS OF WHAT YOU WANT MORE
OFTEN WHAT YOU WANT LESS OF,
WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO MAKE
ONE OF THESE PIVOT POINT
DECISIONS. AND AT THE VERY
END THERE IS THE GUT FACTOR,
USUALLY THAT INVOLVES TO BE
SOMEONE LIKE MY HUSBAND WHO
IS NOT IN MEDICINE. HE KIND
OF LOOKED AT ME AND SAID,
AFTER WE WEIGHED EVERYTHING
OUT AND WE DISCUSSED IT A
MILLION TIMES, HE SAID I AM
CONFUSED WHY YOU ARE
CONFUSED. I THOUGHT THAT WAS
VERY PROFOUND ACTUALLY. I AM
CONFUSED BY WHY YOU ARE
CONFUSED. IT'S ALL THOSE
THINGS ARE TOGETHER.
BUT MENTORSHIP AND HAVING
SOMEONE THAT IS A SUPER SOLID
FOUNDATION IS REALLY
IMPORTANT TO ME.
>>DR. WOOD: GREAT AND
KNOWING WHERE YOU ARE GOING,
THAT YOU HAVE FRIENDS, AND
KEEPING FRIENDS AND
COLLEAGUES ALONG YOUR PATH SO
YOU DON'T ALL OF A SUDDEN CUT
YOUR TRAIL OR STRINGS TO
ANYBODY. I THINK THAT
KNOWLEDGE ENABLES YOU TO GO
FAR. I WISH OTHER PEOPLE HAVE
THE SAME KIND OF
OPPORTUNITIES TO SEE YOUR
FATHER AS A FIGURE. YOU
OBVIOUSLY-- CALL IT
PRIVILEGE, CALL IT HAVING AN
IMAGE THAT YOU CAN
APPRECIATE, THE DOES NOT HAVE
TO LOOK EXACTLY LIKE YOU
GENDER WISE, BUT IT CERTAINLY
HELPED YOU ALONG THE WAY.
HOW CAN WE GET AROUND THIS
PROBLEM WITH IMAGES? AND WITH
BEING ABLE TO FIND SOMETHING
THAT LOOKS LIKE WE DO?
DR. CARIDI: WELL, I'D LOVE
DENISE TO ANSWER THIS. I KNOW
SHE'S BUSY. BUT I KNOW PEOPLE
IN OUR SPECIALTY WHO ARE
DOING INCREDIBLE THINGS, AND
SETTING UP PIPELINES THAT
ALLOW UNDERREPRESENTED
MINORITIES AND WOMEN AND
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PEOPLE TO
UNDERSTAND THAT THERE ARE
PEOPLE LIKE THEM IN THE
SPECIALTY. AND THAT THEY
HAVE THAT ABILITY TO SEE
THEMSELVES IN THESE ROLES,
AND IN THE SPECIALTY IN
GENERAL. I CAN'T TAKE ANY
CREDIT FOR THAT. I DO A LOT
OF THE MENTORSHIP ON A
ONE-ON-ONE BASIS; THAT IS
JUST MY STYLE BUT DENISE, SHE
DOES IT IN SUCH A GRAND
SCALE. SHE IS AN INCREDIBLE
FORCE THAT WAY AND I KNOW
SHE'S BUSY BUT IT SEEMS LIKE
THE GEMS PROGRAM AND ALL THE
THINGS SHE IS WORKING ON ARE
JUST REALLY INCREDIBLE
RESOURCES FOR PEOPLE AND
THOSE WHO MAY NOT BE THE
TRADITIONAL MALE CAUCASIAN
BACKGROUND.
>>DR. WOOD: ANY OTHER
QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS FROM
THE PEANUT GALLERY? LAURA
FEEL FREE.
>>HI. HELLO, I'M A COLLEAGUE
AT UAB. I ENJOYED THAT DR.
CARIDI. I'M A PHC, A
BIOLOGIST, AND I SEE THAT IN
MANY STUDENTS COMING IN AND
THE YOUNG PEOPLE THAT HAVE
THESE GREAT ASPIRATIONS, AND
BY THE TIME THEY ARE STARTING
THE RESIDENCY THEY ARE PRETTY
DEFLATED BECAUSE THEY DON'T
SEE THEMSELVES IN THOSE
ROLES. A LOVE THAT ADVICE
ABOUT STRESSING ON THEM HOW
IMPORTANT IT IS TO HAVE AN
EARLY MENTOR, TO GET THEM TO
THOSE COUPLE OF THINGS WHERE
THEY DO SEE THIS WORLD WHERE
THEY DON'T SEE THEMSELVES IN
IT. AND THEY GIVE UP THE
DREAM BECAUSE THEY THINK IT'S
NOT FOR ME. LET ME TAKE WHAT
THEY PERCEIVE MIGHT BE AN
EASIER ROUTE OR LESS
COMPETITIVE. I LOVE THAT. I
APPRECIATED ALL OF THESE TIPS
AND WE SHOULD GET ALL THE
STUDENTS TO WATCH THAT.
DR. CARIDI: THANK YOU AND I
APPRECIATE THAT AND WHAT YOU
SAID, EARLY MENTORSHIP IS KEY
IN WHICH YOU NAVIGATE AWAY
FROM SOMETHING IT IS MORE
INTIMIDATING TO COME BACK. AS
THESE VERY IMPRESSIONABLE
STUDENTS NAVIGATE AWAY FROM
PROCEDURAL SPECIALTIES
PERHAPS OR DIFFERENT THINGS
WHERE THEY DON'T HAVE A LARGE
REPRESENTATION OF THEMSELVES
IN THE SPECIALTY MUCH LESS IN
A LEADERSHIP ROLE, I CAN
IMAGINE HOW INTIMIDATING IT
WOULD BE TO KIND OF FIND
THEIR WAY BACK.
>>EASILY GET PSYCHED OUT.
>>DR. WOOD: AND WE ALL LOSE
OUT IN THAT CASE. LITERALLY
HALF OF THE POPULATION
DOESN'T GET ENCOURAGED--
THERE WAS ONE MCKINSEY STUDY
THAT SHOWED A 2 TRILLION
DOLLAR GAP IN THE GDP CAUSED
BY THE LEAKY PIPELINE. SO IT
IS A CRITICAL ISSUE IF YOU
DON'T THINK ABOUT THE
UNDERLYING DECISIONS.
OBVIOUSLY A LOT OF WORK TO BE
DONE. ANYBODY ELSE?
>>HI EVERYONE. SOME OF MY
BEST FRIENDS ARE ON RIGHT
NOW. AMAZING TALK IS ALWAYS.
TRYING TO ADDRESS THE POINT
ABOUT THIS IMAGE, AND THE
QUESTION YOU TALKED ABOUT.
HOW DO WE GET AWAY FROM THIS
IMAGE? WHO DO YOU SEE? IF YOU
DON'T SEE THAT THEN MAYBE YOU
DON'T HAVE A GOOD WAY FORWARD.
I WOULD CHALLENGE EVERYONE
THAT WHAT PEOPLE ARE LOOKING
AT, IN THE EXTERNAL, IS
SOMETHING THAT NEEDS TO BE
REFLECTED FROM THE INTERNAL.
SO YES IT IS TRUE THAT YOU
HAVE TO SEE IT, TO BE IT, TO
UNDERSTAND THAT YOU CAN DO IT.
BUT MORE POWERFUL THAN
WHETHER OR NOT YOU ARE MALE,
OR WHETHER YOU ARE OF A
CERTAIN ETHNICITY, OR EVEN
YOUR LANGUAGE, IS SOME DEEP
CHARACTERS INSIDE THAT OTHERS
ARE DRAWN TO. THAT IS AN
IMAGE THAT TRANSCENDS
WHATEVER IS ON THE OUTSIDE.
SO WE SEEM TO BE TRUE MENTORS
OF GOOD CHARACTER, VERY
CARING, OUR AUTHENTIC SELVES.
IT TURNS OUT THAT PEOPLE SEE
THAT. AND REGARDLESS OF MALE,
WHITE OR OTHER INDIFFERENT
OTHERS ARE DRAWN TO THAT. THE
OPPOSITE IS TRUE THAT OTHERS
MAY NOT SEE WHAT THE
EXTERNAL. THEY MAY SEE
SOMEONE WHO IS A WOMAN OR SEE
SOMEONE WHO IS BLACK. BUT
WITHOUT THOSE OTHER INTERNAL
CHARACTERISTICS MARRIED, IN
MAY NOT BE THE SAME DRAWING
EFFECT. YES.
DR. CARIDI: IT'S SUCH A
STRONG POINT DENISE IT'S
REALLY IS TRUE. THERE IS A
STRONG NEED TO MENTOR PEOPLE
WHO LOOK NOTHING LIKE YOU AND
THEY ARE DRAWN TO YOU FOR
YOUR INTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS
AND VICE VERSA. SOME OF THOSE
RELATIONSHIPS ARE SO
SUCCESSFUL BECAUSE YOU ARE
LIKE-MINDED IN THE WAY THAT
YOU LOOK AT THE WORLD OR
APPRECIATE THE WORLD OR HAVE
SIMILAR INTERNAL
CHARACTERISTICS LIKE YOU SAID.
IT'S TRULY SUCH A GREAT
POINT.
>>DR. WOOD: AWESOME! ANYBODY
ELSE.
>>MIKE KASSIN FORMER FELLOW
OF DR. CARIDI, I WANT TO MAKE
THE POINT THAT SHE HERSELF IS
ALSO AN AMAZING MENTOR.
DR. CARIDI: THANKS MIKE.
>>DR. WOOD: AND YOU ARE TO
MIKE. I HAVE SEEN IT
FIRSTHAND. ISN'T HE? AT THE
END OF THE LECTURE I WOULD
LIKE TO MENTION SOME OF THE
FEW KEY POINTS THAT I WILL
TAKE WITH ME AND FEED THEM
BACK TO YOU. 50% OF MED
STUDENTS ARE FEMALE, MOVING
ONTO 34% OF ACADEMIC
POSITIONS AND ONLY 9% OF
LEADERS, SO CLEARLY THE PIPE
REMAINED LEAKY.
THE FIRST AND LAST AUTHOR,
MATCHING GENDERS USUALLY,
FEMALE LAST AUTHORS AND
EDITORS ARE MORE LIKELY TO
FIND FEMALE PUBLICATIONS, THE
DEMORALIZATION SYNDROME
OUTLINE NEEDS TO FEEL
CONNECTED TO WORK, TO EACH
OTHER, WHATEVER WE VIEW AS
SUCCESS AND REMAIN AUTHENTIC
AND AWARE OF THE PROBLEMS
WHILE WE MOVE ALONG OUR
TRAJECTORIES.
A LOOK AT SOME OF THE CAUSES
AND I LEARNED TO EMPTY AND
REFILL THE BUCKET FROM YOUR
CHILDREN, THAT IS PROBABLY
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
THINKING YOU DO ON A DAILY
BASIS. CV IS A BRAGGING LIST
AND WE HAVE TO GET USED TOO
BRAGGING TO SUCCEED SOMEWHAT
IN LIFE WHICH IS UNFORTUNATE.
YOU WENT TO MAKE YOUR BED
BOOK FROM ADMIRAL MCRAVEN THE
10 LESSONS AND DELEGATE WHEN
YOU CAN AND WHEN YOU CAN'T
DELEGATE DO IT IF IS LESS
THAN FIVE MINUTES AND
SCHEDULE IT IF IT IS MORE
THAN FIVE MINUTES. I CAN
DEFINITELY LEARN FROM FROM
THAT AND KEEP YOUR DOORS
OPEN. PREPARE FOR THE MAYBE
AND FIND CHAMPIONS AND
MENTORS ARE DON'T UNDERVALUE
THAT. IT'S OKAY TO EMBODY
SUPERHERO BUT NO YOUR
KRYPTONITE, AUTHENTICITY AND
PURPOSE AND SEEK ALIGNMENT
AND CORE VALUES PEOPLE MATTER
THE MOST. TRAJECTORY AND
TIMING ARE UNIQUELY
INDIVIDUALIZED AND MOST
IMPORTANTLY, PROBABLY YOU DO
YOUR FATHER JUST AS IN
EVERYDAY AND I AM PROUD TO
CALL YOU MY FRIEND, I'VE BEEN
MENTORED BY YOU AS WELL. IT
GOES TWO WAYS. I'M GOING TO
SHARE THE IN AND OUT BURGER
PICTURE-- MAYBE I WANT TODAY.
DR. CARIDI: YOU CAN SHARE IT
ALL YOU WANT. I WAS IN A
FORMAL DRESS AT IN-N-OUT
BURGER.
>>DR. WOOD: YOU DO YOUR
FATHER JUSTICE. THE GOOD AND
FORGET IT. THANK YOU SO MUCH.
THANK YOU EVERYBODY FOR
LISTENING IN. STAY TUNED. I
THINK MAY 30TH IS THE NEXT
ONE BUT THAT DATE MAY CHANGE.
DON'T FORGET MLK, TWO HOURS
AWAY FROM NOW PAUSE FOR A
MOMENT AND THINK ABOUT WHAT
IT MEANS, WHERE WE ARE, WHERE
WE ARE GOING. AS LONG AS YOU
THINK ABOUT IT AND REACH OUT
TO SOMEBODY THAT IS ALL THAT
COUNTS. HAVE A GREAT DAY.