1 00:00:07,280 --> 00:00:08,760 >>WELCOME TO THE 2 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:12,840 NEXT EPISODE OF WOMEN LEADERS 3 00:00:12,840 --> 00:00:15,280 IN RESEARCH, EMPOWERMENT OF 4 00:00:15,280 --> 00:00:15,960 UNDER REPRESENTED RESEARCHERS 5 00:00:15,960 --> 00:00:20,280 BROUGHT TO YOU BY THE NIH 6 00:00:20,280 --> 00:00:22,000 RESEARCH CENTERS FOR ONCOLOGY 7 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:23,400 AND FRIENDS, VARIOUS SOCIETIES 8 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:24,160 AND ENTITIES. 9 00:00:24,160 --> 00:00:26,160 WE'RE GLAD YOU ARE HERE. 10 00:00:26,160 --> 00:00:28,400 HOPE YOU ENJOYED THE PICTURE 11 00:00:28,400 --> 00:00:29,640 OF SCIENTISTS SESSION LAST 12 00:00:29,640 --> 00:00:30,000 MONTH. 13 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:31,960 IT IS STILL AVAILABLE ON 14 00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:32,880 VIDEOCAST IN THE EVENT YOU 15 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:34,160 WOULD LIKE TO SEE IT. 16 00:00:34,160 --> 00:00:35,240 IT IS A SHORT VERSION OF THAT 17 00:00:35,240 --> 00:00:36,840 AWARD-WINNING MOVIE. 18 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:39,120 TODAY WE'RE REALLY HAPPY TO 19 00:00:39,120 --> 00:00:43,280 HAVE Dr. COLLEEN HADIGAN, 20 00:00:43,280 --> 00:00:46,040 CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER HERE IN 21 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:56,240 THE CLINICAL CENTER OF NIH. 22 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:58,320 TALKING ABOUT LISTENING AND 23 00:00:58,320 --> 00:01:01,080 NOT LISTENING AND I WILL TURN 24 00:01:01,080 --> 00:01:09,320 THIS OVER TO OUR SUPERSTAR AMY 25 00:01:09,320 --> 00:01:09,640 NAVARA. 26 00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:12,480 >>SO OUR UPCOMING SPEAKERS 27 00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:23,080 WILL START ON APRIL 4TH TERESA 28 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:51,080 CARIDL AND YAEL BENSOUSSAM. 29 00:01:51,080 --> 00:01:51,840 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE? 30 00:01:51,840 --> 00:01:54,280 >> SO THIS IS OUR PRODUCTION 31 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:57,160 TREE SLIDE WHERE WE SPEND A 32 00:01:57,160 --> 00:01:58,920 FEW QUOTATIONS ON 33 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:00,240 INSPIRATIONAL WOMEN AND WE'LL 34 00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:02,880 GO AHEAD AND START. 35 00:02:02,880 --> 00:02:03,560 NEXT SLIDE. 36 00:02:03,560 --> 00:02:06,640 AND AMY IS HERE TODAY AS WELL 37 00:02:06,640 --> 00:02:09,600 FROM -- WHO IS CHIEF OF IR 38 00:02:09,600 --> 00:02:12,720 WEST VIRGINIA AND SHE WILL 39 00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:14,000 START US OFF. 40 00:02:14,000 --> 00:02:14,840 THANKS, AMY. 41 00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:19,680 >>THANK YOU SO MUCH. 42 00:02:19,680 --> 00:02:23,000 SO MARIE CURIE, I THINK 43 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:30,440 EVERYBODY KNOWS HER, THE FIRST 44 00:02:30,440 --> 00:02:32,920 WOMAN SCIENTIST TO WIN A NOBEL 45 00:02:32,920 --> 00:02:34,840 PRIZE AND ALSO THE FIRST TO 46 00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:38,520 WIN TWO NOBEL PRIZES. 47 00:02:38,520 --> 00:02:39,840 QUITE THE FIGURE. 48 00:02:39,840 --> 00:02:43,320 SHE WAS RAISED IN SCHOOL IN 49 00:02:43,320 --> 00:02:46,200 POLAND AND THERE WAS NO CAREER 50 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:48,840 PATH THERE FOR HER SO SHE WENT 51 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:53,240 TO FRANCE AND EVENTUALLY DIED 52 00:02:53,240 --> 00:02:55,360 OF APLASTIC ANEMIA PROBABLY 53 00:02:55,360 --> 00:03:01,640 DUE TO HER EXPOSURE IN 54 00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:03,040 RESEARCH BUT SHE SAID NOTHING 55 00:03:03,040 --> 00:03:05,000 IN LIFE IS TO BE FEARED, IT IS 56 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:06,240 ONLY TO BE UNDERSTOOD. 57 00:03:06,240 --> 00:03:08,240 NOW IS THE TIME TO UNDERSTAND 58 00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:13,120 MORE SO THAT WE MAY FEAR LESS. 59 00:03:13,120 --> 00:03:15,600 NEXT SLIDE? 60 00:03:15,600 --> 00:03:26,120 >>THE NEXT WOMAN WAS ROUTE 61 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:28,040 BADER GINSBURG. 62 00:03:28,040 --> 00:03:29,640 HER STATEMENT IS WOMEN BELONG 63 00:03:29,640 --> 00:03:31,480 IN ALL PLACES ARE DECISIONS 64 00:03:31,480 --> 00:03:32,160 ARE BEING MADE. 65 00:03:32,160 --> 00:03:35,800 SHE WAS TOP OF HER CLASS AT 66 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:37,640 RGB BUT NO JOB. 67 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:41,240 SHE WAS WORKING AS PROFESSOR 68 00:03:41,240 --> 00:03:45,160 AT RUTGERS UNIVERSITY OF LAW 69 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:47,120 AND WORKING FOR WOMEN FIRED 70 00:03:47,120 --> 00:03:49,440 BECAUSE THEY WERE PREGNANT. 71 00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:51,400 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE? 72 00:03:51,400 --> 00:03:52,040 >>ELEANOR ROOSEVELT, FIRST 73 00:03:52,040 --> 00:03:54,160 LADY OF THE WORLD, FIRST LADY 74 00:03:54,160 --> 00:03:55,640 FOR 15 YEARS HERE IN THE U.S. 75 00:03:55,640 --> 00:03:59,440 AS WELL AND MANY OF THE 76 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:02,680 DECISIONS DURING THAT TIME OF 77 00:04:02,680 --> 00:04:04,360 GREAT IMPACT WERE MANY PEOPLE 78 00:04:04,360 --> 00:04:06,920 BELIEVE IN LARGE PART ASSISTED 79 00:04:06,920 --> 00:04:09,760 OR EVEN MADE BY ELEANOR. 80 00:04:09,760 --> 00:04:12,120 WOMEN ARE LIKE TEA BAGS, YOU 81 00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:13,640 DON'T KNOW HOW STRONG THEY ARE 82 00:04:13,640 --> 00:04:15,440 TILL YOU PUT THEM IN HOT 83 00:04:15,440 --> 00:04:15,760 WATER. 84 00:04:15,760 --> 00:04:18,600 NO ONE CAN MAKE YOU INFERIOR 85 00:04:18,600 --> 00:04:20,360 WITHOUT YOUR CONSENT. 86 00:04:20,360 --> 00:04:21,640 DO ONE THING EVERY DAY THAT 87 00:04:21,640 --> 00:04:22,040 SCARES YOU. 88 00:04:22,040 --> 00:04:22,960 THAT IS THE ONE I LOVE. 89 00:04:22,960 --> 00:04:26,200 AND SHE WAS THE DRIVING FORCE 90 00:04:26,200 --> 00:04:27,920 IN CREATING THE 1948 CHARTER 91 00:04:27,920 --> 00:04:31,120 OF LIBERTIES KNOWN AS THE 92 00:04:31,120 --> 00:04:32,880 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN 93 00:04:32,880 --> 00:04:33,920 RIGHTS. 94 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:34,440 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE? 95 00:04:34,440 --> 00:04:44,960 >>THE NEXT ONE, EQUALITY 96 00:04:48,120 --> 00:04:54,720 CRUSADER BY ANNETTE COLVIN. 97 00:04:54,720 --> 00:05:00,600 SHE WAS ESCORTED OFF A BUS BY 98 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:01,800 A POLICEMAN BECOMING THE FIRST 99 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:06,640 PERSON TO BE ARRESTED FOR 100 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:12,480 CHALLENGING MONTGOMERY'S BUS 101 00:05:12,480 --> 00:05:22,840 SEGREGATION HOUSE. 102 00:05:25,800 --> 00:05:26,360 [ MULTIPLE VOICES ] 103 00:05:26,360 --> 00:05:30,000 >>IF EVERYBODY COULD MUTE, 104 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:32,520 PLEASE IF YOU ARE NOT ALREADY 105 00:05:32,520 --> 00:05:32,800 MUTED? 106 00:05:32,800 --> 00:05:33,200 THANK YOU. 107 00:05:33,200 --> 00:05:42,640 >>ALL RIGHT, NEXT UP IS 108 00:05:42,640 --> 00:05:47,480 VIRGINIA WOLF -- WOOLF, 109 00:05:47,480 --> 00:05:50,240 ANOTHER FEMALE AUTHOR FOR THE 110 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:51,200 STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS 111 00:05:51,200 --> 00:05:53,040 TECHNIQUE AND SHE SAID FOR 112 00:05:53,040 --> 00:05:55,400 MOST OF HISTORY, ANONYMOUS WAS 113 00:05:55,400 --> 00:05:56,160 A WOMAN. 114 00:05:56,160 --> 00:05:56,640 >>NEXT SLIDE. 115 00:05:56,640 --> 00:05:59,280 SO I AM GOING TO PROBABLY 116 00:05:59,280 --> 00:06:01,640 BUTCHER THE PRONUNCIATION BUT 117 00:06:01,640 --> 00:06:12,040 THIS SLIDE IS A QUOTE FROM 118 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:16,160 ISABELLE NEWTON AND I THINK 119 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:18,480 AMY GAVE THE MOST PROFOUND 120 00:06:18,480 --> 00:06:20,080 LECTURE ON THIS SERIES THAT I 121 00:06:20,080 --> 00:06:21,480 HAVE EVER HEARD SO THANK YOU 122 00:06:21,480 --> 00:06:24,520 TO BOTH OF YOU. 123 00:06:24,520 --> 00:06:27,640 AND SHE SAID THE BEAUTY OF 124 00:06:27,640 --> 00:06:29,160 ANTI RACISM IS THAT YOU DON'T 125 00:06:29,160 --> 00:06:31,760 HAVE TO PRETEND TO BE FREE OF 126 00:06:31,760 --> 00:06:33,240 RACISM TO BE ANTIRACIST. 127 00:06:33,240 --> 00:06:35,760 IT IS THE COMMITMENT TO FIGHT 128 00:06:35,760 --> 00:06:38,200 RACISM WHEREVER YOU FIND IT 129 00:06:38,200 --> 00:06:39,120 INCLUDING YOURSELF AND IT IS 130 00:06:39,120 --> 00:06:42,640 THE ONLY WAY FORWARD. 131 00:06:42,640 --> 00:06:43,640 NEXT SLIDE. 132 00:06:43,640 --> 00:06:45,920 >>OKAY, SO TO CLOSE OUT THIS 133 00:06:45,920 --> 00:06:48,280 SECTION WITH A FEW FACTS, 134 00:06:48,280 --> 00:06:50,400 AMAZING TO THINK WE HAVE SO 135 00:06:50,400 --> 00:06:55,080 MANY WOMEN FOR THE LECTURE 136 00:06:55,080 --> 00:06:57,080 SERIES AND YET SCHOOLS ONLY 137 00:06:57,080 --> 00:06:58,400 ALLOWED WOMEN IN OUR NEAR 138 00:06:58,400 --> 00:06:58,840 HISTORY. 139 00:06:58,840 --> 00:07:03,920 I WAS BORN IN 1978 AND LOOK, 140 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:07,120 MY ALMA MATER AND YALE AT 1977 141 00:07:07,120 --> 00:07:10,200 SO JUST A FEW YEARS AGO. 142 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:11,680 AND NOW BRAD MADE THIS SLIDE 143 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:13,640 BUT IT IS TRUE, WOMEN ARE 144 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:14,360 BETTER. 145 00:07:14,360 --> 00:07:16,640 WE HAVE ACHIEVED THE HIGHEST 146 00:07:16,640 --> 00:07:18,600 IQ SCORES, WE EARN THE 147 00:07:18,600 --> 00:07:20,080 MAJORITY OF COLLEGE DEGREES, 148 00:07:20,080 --> 00:07:22,040 WE ARE DEFINITELY MORE MATURE 149 00:07:22,040 --> 00:07:24,320 EARLIER AND FOR LONGER THAN 150 00:07:24,320 --> 00:07:24,640 MEN -- 151 00:07:24,640 --> 00:07:25,840 >> AND SOMETIMES INTO 152 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:29,320 ADULTHOOD, I MIGHT ADD, AMY? 153 00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:30,920 [LAUGHTER] 154 00:07:30,920 --> 00:07:31,400 >>YES. 155 00:07:31,400 --> 00:07:33,960 WE LIVE LONGER AND WE SEE MORE 156 00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:35,880 COLOR AND YOU DIDN'T WRITE 157 00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:38,360 HERE BUT THERE IS ACTUALLY A 158 00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:40,320 STUDY SHOWING WOMEN PHYSICIANS 159 00:07:40,320 --> 00:07:41,680 ACHIEVE BETTER OUTCOMES THAN 160 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:45,080 MALES IN A VERY LARGE COHORT. 161 00:07:45,080 --> 00:07:45,480 NEXT SLIDE. 162 00:07:45,480 --> 00:07:49,480 BUT DESPITE ALL THAT, WE ARE 163 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:50,640 UNDERREPRESENTED AND YOU CAN 164 00:07:50,640 --> 00:07:52,440 KIND OF READ SOME OF THESE 165 00:07:52,440 --> 00:07:56,080 FACT. S . 166 00:07:56,080 --> 00:07:57,680 I THINK THE MOST IMPORTANT ONE 167 00:07:57,680 --> 00:07:59,960 HERE IS WE ARE THE LAST 168 00:07:59,960 --> 00:08:03,720 COUNTRY IN THE WORLD THAT 169 00:08:03,720 --> 00:08:08,160 DOESN'T MANDATE PAID MATERNITY 170 00:08:08,160 --> 00:08:11,480 OR PATERNITY LEAVE IN THE U.S. 171 00:08:11,480 --> 00:08:13,200 >>AND TO ME THAT IS SHOCKING 172 00:08:13,200 --> 00:08:14,760 AND IT SHOULDN'T BE ACCEPTABLE 173 00:08:14,760 --> 00:08:17,200 WHEN YOU HEAR SOMETHING THAT 174 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:18,200 DOESN'T RING RIGHT. 175 00:08:18,200 --> 00:08:20,480 WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT WHAT 176 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:21,400 RAISING CHILDREN MEANS, 177 00:08:21,400 --> 00:08:22,480 SOMETHING LIKE THAT SHOULDN'T 178 00:08:22,480 --> 00:08:23,760 RING RIGHT WITH YOU. 179 00:08:23,760 --> 00:08:25,480 SO TODAY IRONINGLY THIS 180 00:08:25,480 --> 00:08:32,120 MORNING A PIECE CAME OUT THAT 181 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:37,240 THIS DAY IN THIS YEAR IS EQUAL 182 00:08:37,240 --> 00:08:38,160 PAYDAY. 183 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:38,960 IDENTIFYING THE GENDER PAY GAP 184 00:08:38,960 --> 00:08:40,600 AND WHAT THAT MEANS IS WOMEN 185 00:08:40,600 --> 00:08:43,200 HAVE TO WORK ALL THE WAY TO 186 00:08:43,200 --> 00:08:44,600 MARCH 14TH TO MAKE THE SAME 187 00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:45,960 AMOUNT OF MONEY FOR THE SAME 188 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:49,840 AMOUNT OF WORK THAT MEN MADE 189 00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:50,520 JANUARY 1ST. 190 00:08:50,520 --> 00:08:55,680 AND FOR BLACK WOMEN IT IS 191 00:08:55,680 --> 00:09:01,200 65 CENTS ON THE DOLLAR, FOR 192 00:09:01,200 --> 00:09:08,080 LATINA WOMEN, 6 CENTS ON THE 193 00:09:08,080 --> 00:09:08,400 DOLLAR. 194 00:09:08,400 --> 00:09:08,800 NEXT SLIDE. 195 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:13,000 >>SO NOW IT IS MY PLEASURE TO 196 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:23,120 PRESENT Dr. COLLEEN HADIG AN 197 00:09:23,120 --> 00:09:24,520 ON TODAY'S LISTENING SESSION 198 00:09:24,520 --> 00:09:25,800 AND SHE WILL SHARE HER 199 00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:27,200 EXPERIENCE AND INSIGHTS ON THE 200 00:09:27,200 --> 00:09:29,080 POWERFUL ROLE OF LISTENING AND 201 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:30,960 NOT LISTENING AS SHE NAVIGATED 202 00:09:30,960 --> 00:09:32,600 HER CAREER AS PRODUCTIVE 203 00:09:32,600 --> 00:09:34,320 CLINICAL INVESTIGATOR AND HER 204 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:36,200 NEWEST ROLE AS CHIEF MEDICAL 205 00:09:36,200 --> 00:09:39,960 OFFICER OF THE NIH CLINICAL 206 00:09:39,960 --> 00:09:41,000 CENTER. 207 00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:44,320 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 208 00:09:44,320 --> 00:09:46,960 Dr. HADIGAN RECEIVED HER 209 00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:47,680 MEDICAL DEGREE FROM JOHNS 210 00:09:47,680 --> 00:09:50,800 HOPKINS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND 211 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,600 SUBSEQUENTLY COMPLETED HER 212 00:09:53,600 --> 00:09:56,440 RESIDENCY IN PEDIATRICS AT 213 00:09:56,440 --> 00:09:57,640 BOSTON'S CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 214 00:09:57,640 --> 00:10:02,200 FOLLOWED BY A FELLOWSHIP IN 215 00:10:02,200 --> 00:10:06,040 PEDIATRIC GASTRO END ROLLING 216 00:10:06,040 --> 00:10:12,200 AND HEPATOLOGY IN THE HARVARD 217 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:15,000 COMBINED PROGRAM AT BOSTON'S 218 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:16,640 CHILDREN HOSPITAL AND 219 00:10:16,640 --> 00:10:18,560 MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL 220 00:10:18,560 --> 00:10:19,360 HOSPITAL. 221 00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:22,000 SHE RECENTLY RECEIVED HER MPL 222 00:10:22,000 --> 00:10:28,440 AT THE HARVARD SCHOOL OF 223 00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:31,640 PUBLIC HEALTH. 224 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:34,280 HER ACADEMIC RESEARCH CENTERED 225 00:10:34,280 --> 00:10:37,480 ON LONG-TERM AND METABOLIC 226 00:10:37,480 --> 00:10:39,440 COMPLICATIONS OF HIV AND 227 00:10:39,440 --> 00:10:41,080 THERAPIES'BOTH CHILDREN AND 228 00:10:41,080 --> 00:10:41,480 ADULTS. 229 00:10:41,480 --> 00:10:43,240 IN 2006 SHE CAME TO THE 230 00:10:43,240 --> 00:10:44,520 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH 231 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:47,920 AS A MEMBER OF THE LABORATORY 232 00:10:47,920 --> 00:10:49,640 OF IMMUNOREGULATION OF THE 233 00:10:49,640 --> 00:10:52,600 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY 234 00:10:52,600 --> 00:10:55,280 AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE, NIAID. 235 00:10:55,280 --> 00:10:57,800 IN ADDITION HER ACTIVE 236 00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:00,840 RESEARCH AND MENTORING, Dr. 237 00:11:00,840 --> 00:11:01,240 HADIGAN SERVED AS DEPUTY 238 00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:02,240 MANAGER OF NIAID OUTPATIENT 239 00:11:02,240 --> 00:11:03,640 HIV AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 240 00:11:03,640 --> 00:11:04,360 RESEARCH CLINIC OVER TEN YEARS 241 00:11:04,360 --> 00:11:05,120 IN OCTOBER 2021 SHE BECAME 242 00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:06,760 CHIEF MEDICAL VER AND CLINICAL 243 00:11:06,760 --> 00:11:07,520 DIRECTOR FOR NIH CLINICAL CENTER 244 00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:08,360 SHE IS BOARD CERTIFIED IN 245 00:11:08,360 --> 00:11:09,160 PEDIATRICS AND GI AND HELP TO 246 00:11:09,160 --> 00:11:10,840 GO AND REMAINS CLINICALLY 247 00:11:10,840 --> 00:11:15,880 ACTIVE IN PEDIATRIC GI AND 248 00:11:15,880 --> 00:11:18,680 HELP TO GO CONSULTANT FOR NIH CLINICAL CENTER 249 00:11:18,680 --> 00:11:22,440 >>THANK YOU. 250 00:11:22,440 --> 00:11:24,640 I WANT TO THANK BRAD AND THE 251 00:11:24,640 --> 00:11:25,920 INDIVIDUALS WHO ORGANIZED THIS 252 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:27,600 LECTURE SERIES IT 253 00:11:27,600 --> 00:11:28,680 PROVIDES AN IMPORTANT PLATFORM 254 00:11:28,680 --> 00:11:34,440 FOR WHAT I THINK ARE REALLY 255 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:35,360 IMPORTANT CONVERSATIONS THAT 256 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:37,320 WE NEED TO HAVE ACROSS THE 257 00:11:37,320 --> 00:11:38,560 CLINICAL CENTER AND COMMUNITY 258 00:11:38,560 --> 00:11:38,920 AT LARGE. 259 00:11:38,920 --> 00:11:43,200 SO I CHOSE THIS TITLE AND 260 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,560 TOPIC PARTICULARLY BECAUSE IN 261 00:11:44,560 --> 00:11:49,680 OUR TRAINING AS PHYSICIANS, WE 262 00:11:49,680 --> 00:11:51,880 ACTUALLY ARE REWARDED TO 263 00:11:51,880 --> 00:11:52,800 NOT -- WE'RE REWARDED TO 264 00:11:52,800 --> 00:11:54,760 ALWAYS HAVE THE RIGHT ANSWER, 265 00:11:54,760 --> 00:11:56,120 TO BE SPEAKING THE ANSWER. 266 00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:59,280 AND AS A RESULT, WE OFTEN 267 00:11:59,280 --> 00:12:00,560 DON'T LISTEN, WE ONLY LISTEN 268 00:12:00,560 --> 00:12:02,040 LONG ENOUGH TO THINK ABOUT 269 00:12:02,040 --> 00:12:03,720 WHAT WE'RE GOING TO SAY NEXT, 270 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:06,040 TO SHOW HOW SMART WE ARE AND 271 00:12:06,040 --> 00:12:08,640 SHOW HOW MUCH WE KNOW OR TO 272 00:12:08,640 --> 00:12:09,840 ASK THAT POINTED QUESTION TO 273 00:12:09,840 --> 00:12:12,040 SHOW OFF HOW MUCH WE KNOW. 274 00:12:12,040 --> 00:12:13,400 AND AS YOU PROGRESS IN YOUR 275 00:12:13,400 --> 00:12:17,360 CAREER AND AS I HAVE PRO 276 00:12:17,360 --> 00:12:18,640 PROGRESSED, I HAVE LEARNED IT 277 00:12:18,640 --> 00:12:19,920 IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO 278 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:20,960 ACTIVELY LISTEN AND TAKE THE 279 00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:22,720 TIME TO PROCESS WHAT YOU ARE 280 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:24,040 HEARING AS OPPOSED TO 281 00:12:24,040 --> 00:12:25,280 PREPARING WHAT YOU ARE GOING 282 00:12:25,280 --> 00:12:26,760 TO SAY NEXT SO THAT WAS THE 283 00:12:26,760 --> 00:12:32,080 REASON I CHOSE THIS TOPIC. 284 00:12:32,080 --> 00:12:34,440 AND LET ME ADVANCE. 285 00:12:34,440 --> 00:12:41,480 SO HERE ARE MY DISCLOSURES AS 286 00:12:41,480 --> 00:12:42,960 NOSED NIH-ERS HAVE NO 287 00:12:42,960 --> 00:12:48,000 DISCLOSURES AND I WILL NOT BE 288 00:12:48,000 --> 00:12:49,040 DISCUSSING ANY OFF-PRODUCT 289 00:12:49,040 --> 00:12:50,080 LABEL USE. 290 00:12:50,080 --> 00:12:54,720 HOWEVER, I MUST SAY I KISSED 291 00:12:54,720 --> 00:12:56,120 THE BLARNEY STONE IN 1985. 292 00:12:56,120 --> 00:12:58,600 THIS IS A PICTURE OF ME DOING 293 00:12:58,600 --> 00:13:00,760 SO WHILE SPENDING A YEAR 294 00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:02,360 ABROAD AT OXFORD AND FOR THOSE 295 00:13:02,360 --> 00:13:04,480 OF YOU WHO DON'T KNOW, THE 296 00:13:04,480 --> 00:13:06,520 MYTH IS IF YOU KISS THE 297 00:13:06,520 --> 00:13:08,280 BLARNEY STONE ON ANY DAY YOU 298 00:13:08,280 --> 00:13:09,200 RECEIVE THE GIFT OF THE GAB 299 00:13:09,200 --> 00:13:11,320 AND IT MEANS THAT I AM A 300 00:13:11,320 --> 00:13:12,880 TALKER AND YET, I AM 301 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:14,120 IRONICALLY GIVING A TALK ABOUT 302 00:13:14,120 --> 00:13:14,680 LISTENING. 303 00:13:14,680 --> 00:13:16,520 SO THAT IS MY DISCLOSURE AND 304 00:13:16,520 --> 00:13:17,640 CERTAINLY IT IS ALSO MY 305 00:13:17,640 --> 00:13:18,040 CHALLENGE. 306 00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:19,600 I AM GOING TO BE TELLING MY 307 00:13:19,600 --> 00:13:21,080 STORIES AND FOR THOSE OF YOU 308 00:13:21,080 --> 00:13:22,880 WHO KNOW ME, SOME OF THESE MAY 309 00:13:22,880 --> 00:13:25,360 BE STORIES YOU HAVE HEARD 310 00:13:25,360 --> 00:13:26,160 BEFORE. 311 00:13:26,160 --> 00:13:28,120 HOPEFULLY THEY WILL BE 312 00:13:28,120 --> 00:13:29,520 INTERESTING OR IMPACTFUL IN 313 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:33,000 SOME WAY AND I ALSO AM 314 00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:36,200 CHALLENGING MYSELF WITH THIS 315 00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:37,720 QUOTE FROM GANDHI WHICH IS YOU 316 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:39,440 SHOULD ONLY SPEAK IF YOU ARE 317 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:42,080 IMPROVING UPON THE SILENCE. 318 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:44,240 SO I THINK THAT IS A PRETTY 319 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:46,000 SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGE AND GO 320 00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:47,040 ABOUT IT WITH TREPIDATION BUT 321 00:13:47,040 --> 00:13:48,520 HOPE YOU WILL GO ON THIS 322 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:49,720 CONVERSATION WITH ME AND GET 323 00:13:49,720 --> 00:13:51,720 SOMETHING OUT OF IT. 324 00:13:51,720 --> 00:13:53,680 SO THE OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC I 325 00:13:53,680 --> 00:13:57,040 WANT TO COVER AND DISCUSS 326 00:13:57,040 --> 00:13:58,320 TODAY, FIRST, ARE LISTENING TO 327 00:13:58,320 --> 00:13:59,800 YOUR PARENTS, KIND OF WHERE WE 328 00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:01,040 SHOULD ALL BEGIN WITH 329 00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:01,400 LISTENING. 330 00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:03,080 THEN SHARE SOME STORIES AND 331 00:14:03,080 --> 00:14:04,880 CONVERSATIONS ABOUT THE WISDOM 332 00:14:04,880 --> 00:14:06,760 OF -- LISTENING TO THE WISDOM 333 00:14:06,760 --> 00:14:07,760 OF OTHERS. 334 00:14:07,760 --> 00:14:10,640 THEN, YOU KNOW, IT WOULDN'T BE 335 00:14:10,640 --> 00:14:12,120 A FINE TALK WITHOUT LISTENING 336 00:14:12,120 --> 00:14:12,520 TO THE DATA. 337 00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:14,760 I AM GOING TO TRY TO BRING UP 338 00:14:14,760 --> 00:14:17,000 SOME TIMES WHEN WE'RE GOING TO 339 00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:19,520 TALK ABOUT WHEN I DIDN'T 340 00:14:19,520 --> 00:14:21,840 LISTEN OR SHOULDN'T HAVE 341 00:14:21,840 --> 00:14:24,240 LISTENED AND THEN LISTENING TO 342 00:14:24,240 --> 00:14:24,800 LEAD. 343 00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:26,080 SO I DON'T -- ALTHOUGH MANY OF 344 00:14:26,080 --> 00:14:27,680 YOU MAY KNOW ME, I AM PRETTY 345 00:14:27,680 --> 00:14:30,880 SURE THAT NONE OF YOU HAVE HAD 346 00:14:30,880 --> 00:14:32,080 THE FORTUNE OF MEETING MY 347 00:14:32,080 --> 00:14:33,320 PARENTS SO I WANTED TO 348 00:14:33,320 --> 00:14:36,400 INTRODUCE YOU TO JOHN AND 349 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:37,920 CAROL HADIGAN. 350 00:14:37,920 --> 00:14:40,800 MY FATHER HAD PASSED AWAY IN 351 00:14:40,800 --> 00:14:42,360 2008 AFTER THIS PICTURE WAS 352 00:14:42,360 --> 00:14:45,040 TAKEN BUT I WAS BLESSED WITH 353 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:48,760 AN INCREDIBLE SET OF ROLE 354 00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:53,240 MODELS WHO WERE DEDICATED, 355 00:14:53,240 --> 00:14:54,800 GENEROUS, COMMITTED AND SET 356 00:14:54,800 --> 00:14:56,440 STANDARDS FOR THEIR THREE 357 00:14:56,440 --> 00:14:59,840 CHILDREN THAT WERE VERY HIGH. 358 00:14:59,840 --> 00:15:01,760 THEY EXPECTED MUCH FROM US BUT 359 00:15:01,760 --> 00:15:03,720 ALSO GAVE US EVEN MORE. 360 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:06,720 SO I AM GOING TO TELL TWO 361 00:15:06,720 --> 00:15:08,800 STORIES, SORT OF FUNNY BUT 362 00:15:08,800 --> 00:15:10,720 STILL WORTH LISTENING TO AND 363 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:11,960 IMPORTANT IN UNDERSTANDING 364 00:15:11,960 --> 00:15:16,400 BOTH WHO I AM AND KIND OF WHAT 365 00:15:16,400 --> 00:15:18,320 DRIVES ME AND ANCHORS ME. 366 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:20,040 SO BEFORE I WAS TO LEAVE TO 367 00:15:20,040 --> 00:15:26,040 SPEND MY JUNIOR YEAR AT OXFORD 368 00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:35,200 IN MY HOMETOWN, IN NEW YORK, 369 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:36,960 THERE WAS A DEBATE WHERE AN 370 00:15:36,960 --> 00:15:39,040 INDIVIDUAL AT OXFORD WAS 371 00:15:39,040 --> 00:15:40,320 DEBATING AN AMERICAN SCHOLAR 372 00:15:40,320 --> 00:15:45,840 FROM HARVARD AND THE TOPIC WAS 373 00:15:45,840 --> 00:15:46,800 AMERICAN HUMOR. 374 00:15:46,800 --> 00:15:48,360 SO I DRAGGED MY MOTHER TO THIS 375 00:15:48,360 --> 00:15:49,520 AND THOUGHT THIS MIGHT HELP ME 376 00:15:49,520 --> 00:15:52,120 WHEN I GO TO OXFORD IN A FEW 377 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:52,440 MONTHS. 378 00:15:52,440 --> 00:15:55,280 AND DURING THE COURSE OF THIS 379 00:15:55,280 --> 00:15:57,920 DEBATE, ONE OF THE DEBATERS, 380 00:15:57,920 --> 00:15:59,600 AND I WON'T SAY IF IT WAS 381 00:15:59,600 --> 00:16:02,000 EITHER THE AMERICAN OR BRITISH 382 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,040 DEBATER, BUT ONE OF THEM WHEN 383 00:16:04,040 --> 00:16:06,360 THEY WEREN'T SPEAKING WAS SO 384 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:07,760 STEEPLY WRAPPED IN THOUGHT 385 00:16:07,760 --> 00:16:09,680 THAT HE ACTUALLY BEGAN PICKING 386 00:16:09,680 --> 00:16:11,680 HIS NOSE ON STAGE. 387 00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:13,920 AND MY MOTHER WAS SO 388 00:16:13,920 --> 00:16:16,760 DISTRACTED AND DEVASTATED BY 389 00:16:16,760 --> 00:16:18,520 THIS COMPLETE LAPSE OF 390 00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:19,760 BEHAVIOR AND SHE, AFTER WE 391 00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:21,760 WERE MEETING AT THE END OF THE 392 00:16:21,760 --> 00:16:23,480 EVENT, SHE JUST REACHED OVER 393 00:16:23,480 --> 00:16:25,320 TO ME AND SAID COLLEEN, 394 00:16:25,320 --> 00:16:27,080 PROMISE ME NO MATTER HOW SMART 395 00:16:27,080 --> 00:16:29,400 YOU GET AND WHAT STAGE YOU GET 396 00:16:29,400 --> 00:16:32,480 ON, DON'T EVER GET SO SMART 397 00:16:32,480 --> 00:16:33,880 THAT YOU ABSOLUTELY FORGET 398 00:16:33,880 --> 00:16:34,640 COMMON SENSE AND APPROPRIATE 399 00:16:34,640 --> 00:16:35,760 BEHAVIOR AND START PICKING 400 00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:37,280 YOUR NOSE IN PUBLIC. 401 00:16:37,280 --> 00:16:38,920 AND I WAS LIKE MOM, I PROMISE, 402 00:16:38,920 --> 00:16:41,040 I WILL DO MY BEST. 403 00:16:41,040 --> 00:16:41,400 [LAUGHTER] 404 00:16:41,400 --> 00:16:43,160 SO HOPEFULLY I HAVE KEPT THAT 405 00:16:43,160 --> 00:16:45,360 PROMISE AND KEPT MY BEHAVIOR 406 00:16:45,360 --> 00:16:47,240 APPROPRIATE EVEN WHEN IN 407 00:16:47,240 --> 00:16:48,920 PUBLIC AND VICE-PRESIDENT GOT 408 00:16:48,920 --> 00:16:52,040 TEN SO SMART THAT I HAVE 409 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:52,880 FORGOTTEN THAT. 410 00:16:52,880 --> 00:16:54,920 THE NEXT STORY IS ONE THAT 411 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:55,960 INVOLVES MY DAD. 412 00:16:55,960 --> 00:16:58,400 SO THIS WAS AGAIN AT A TIME 413 00:16:58,400 --> 00:16:59,200 FOR ANOTHER TRANSITION. 414 00:16:59,200 --> 00:17:01,120 SO I SPENT SEVERAL YEARS 415 00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:02,560 BETWEEN COLLEGE AND GRADUATE 416 00:17:02,560 --> 00:17:04,560 SCHOOL PREPPING TO GO TO 417 00:17:04,560 --> 00:17:06,040 MEDICAL SCHOOL BECAUSE I HAD 418 00:17:06,040 --> 00:17:09,160 NOT FIGURED OUT I WANTED TO BE 419 00:17:09,160 --> 00:17:11,040 A DOCTOR WHEN I AGREE UP SO I 420 00:17:11,040 --> 00:17:18,760 WAS TAKING ALL THE POST-BAC 421 00:17:18,760 --> 00:17:19,800 PRE-MEDIUM COURSES AT COLUMBIA 422 00:17:19,800 --> 00:17:21,680 UNIVERSITY AT THE TIME BUT I 423 00:17:21,680 --> 00:17:30,720 WAS ALSO TRAINING TO BE AN 424 00:17:30,720 --> 00:17:31,960 AEROBICS INSTRUCTOR BECAUSE I 425 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:34,040 THOUGHT IT WOULD BE FUN TO 426 00:17:34,040 --> 00:17:36,600 TEACH ON THE SIDE AT MEDICAL 427 00:17:36,600 --> 00:17:36,920 SCHOOL. 428 00:17:36,920 --> 00:17:38,800 MY PARENTS CAME DOWN ON THE 429 00:17:38,800 --> 00:17:42,080 DAY I WAS TAKING MY 430 00:17:42,080 --> 00:17:43,480 INSTRUCTORS' DESIGN AND I WILL 431 00:17:43,480 --> 00:17:46,240 PREFACE THIS AS SAYING SARCASM 432 00:17:46,240 --> 00:17:47,520 WAS THE LANGUAGE BETWEEN ME 433 00:17:47,520 --> 00:17:48,600 AND MY FAMILY, AT LEAST 434 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:50,200 BETWEEN ME AND MY FATHER. 435 00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:51,400 SO I TOOK THE EXAMINATION AND 436 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:53,080 HE SAID TO ME WHY ARE YOU 437 00:17:53,080 --> 00:17:54,400 DOING THAT, I THOUGHT YOU WERE 438 00:17:54,400 --> 00:17:56,320 GETTING READY TO GO TO MEDICAL 439 00:17:56,320 --> 00:17:56,680 SCHOOL. 440 00:17:56,680 --> 00:17:58,440 AND I JUST TOLD HIM, I WAS 441 00:17:58,440 --> 00:18:01,360 LIKE WELL, YOU KNOW, DEAD PAN, 442 00:18:01,360 --> 00:18:03,040 DAD, THAT'S MY BACKUP PLAN. 443 00:18:03,040 --> 00:18:05,160 YOU KNOW IF I DON'T GO TO 444 00:18:05,160 --> 00:18:07,960 MEDICAL SCHOOL, I AM GOING TO 445 00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:15,240 BECOME AN AEROBICS INSTRUCTOR 446 00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:17,720 AND HE LOOKED AT ME SERIOUSLY, 447 00:18:17,720 --> 00:18:19,920 DEAD PAN, CAN YOU MAKE A 448 00:18:19,920 --> 00:18:20,760 LIVING DOING THAT? 449 00:18:20,760 --> 00:18:21,880 BECAUSE IF THAT IS WHAT YOU 450 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:23,520 WANT TO DO, I AM FINE WITH 451 00:18:23,520 --> 00:18:25,480 THAT AND I RECOGNIZE HOW 452 00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:26,400 INCREDIBLE THAT WAS, THAT I 453 00:18:26,400 --> 00:18:29,120 WAS PROBABLY THE ONLY MEDICAL 454 00:18:29,120 --> 00:18:30,520 STUDENT ENTERING HOPKINS THAT 455 00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:32,240 YEAR WHOSE FATHER TRULY 456 00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:33,960 BELIEVED THAT WHATEVER I CHOSE 457 00:18:33,960 --> 00:18:36,560 TO DO, THAT WOULD MAKE ME 458 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:38,560 HAPPY AS LONG AS I COULD MAKE 459 00:18:38,560 --> 00:18:40,800 A GOOD LIVING, WAS GOING TO BE 460 00:18:40,800 --> 00:18:41,800 PERFECTLY FINE. 461 00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:44,280 SO THAT COMPLETE ACCEPTANCE 462 00:18:44,280 --> 00:18:46,320 AND UNDERSTANDING THAT YOUR 463 00:18:46,320 --> 00:18:49,040 CHILDREN OR YOUR COWORKERS OR 464 00:18:49,040 --> 00:18:50,000 COLLEAGUES OR FRIENDS' VISIONS 465 00:18:50,000 --> 00:18:51,320 WHAT HAVE THEY WANT TO DO IS 466 00:18:51,320 --> 00:18:53,640 SO IMPORTANT IN VALUE AND THAT 467 00:18:53,640 --> 00:18:55,240 IT SHOULDN'T BE OVERRIDDEN BY 468 00:18:55,240 --> 00:18:57,080 WHAT YOU THINK THEY SHOULD DO. 469 00:18:57,080 --> 00:19:01,720 SO THOSE ARE MY TWO LISTEN TO 470 00:19:01,720 --> 00:19:02,680 YOUR PARENTS LESSONS. 471 00:19:02,680 --> 00:19:03,800 >> AND COLLEEN, SORRY TO 472 00:19:03,800 --> 00:19:06,640 INTERRUPT, I AM BREAKING THE 473 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:08,040 RULE OF LISTENING THAT YOU 474 00:19:08,040 --> 00:19:08,840 MADE AT THE BEGINNING BUT 475 00:19:08,840 --> 00:19:13,400 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BRINGING 476 00:19:13,400 --> 00:19:14,320 UP AND HONORING YOUR PARENTS 477 00:19:14,320 --> 00:19:17,760 AT THE START OF YOUR TALK AS 478 00:19:17,760 --> 00:19:24,160 ROLE MODELS AND INCIDENT 479 00:19:24,160 --> 00:19:24,800 INSPIRATION. 480 00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:27,200 LOOKING BACK, THE CROSS 481 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:28,520 GENERATIONAL CONNECTIONS ARE 482 00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:29,480 SO IMPORTANT TO EVERYTHING 483 00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:31,880 ABOUT WHO EACH OF US ARE AND I 484 00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:33,880 JUST WOULD SHOUT OUT TO YOU 485 00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:35,120 AND APPRECIATE YOU MENTIONING 486 00:19:35,120 --> 00:19:38,320 THEM AND I KNOW THAT RINGS 487 00:19:38,320 --> 00:19:40,360 TRUE FOR EVERYBODY LISTENING, 488 00:19:40,360 --> 00:19:42,080 TO PAUSE AND THINK HOW MUCH 489 00:19:42,080 --> 00:19:45,520 YOUR PARENTS MEAN TO YOU OR 490 00:19:45,520 --> 00:19:47,000 PARENTAL FIGURE BECAUSE THERE 491 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:51,520 IS PARENTING WITH A LOT OF 492 00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:52,720 FOLKS ACROSS GENERATION. 493 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:53,200 >>ABSOLUTELY. 494 00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:55,400 NOW I WILL TRANSITION TO THE 495 00:19:55,400 --> 00:19:56,040 MUCH BROADER TOPIC OF 496 00:19:56,040 --> 00:19:58,000 LISTENING TO THE GENERAL 497 00:19:58,000 --> 00:19:59,320 WISDOM OF OTHERS, BEYOND YOUR 498 00:19:59,320 --> 00:20:00,720 PARENTS, ALL THE OTHER PEOPLE 499 00:20:00,720 --> 00:20:02,560 KIND OF SENDING YOU IMPORTANT 500 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:03,520 THINGS TO INCORPORATE INTO WHO 501 00:20:03,520 --> 00:20:06,680 YOU ARE AND HOW YOU TREAT 502 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:09,280 OTHERS AND SO I JUST USE THIS 503 00:20:09,280 --> 00:20:10,320 TRANSITION SLIDE, RIGHT, SO 504 00:20:10,320 --> 00:20:12,640 THAT WHEN WE TALK, WE ARE ONLY 505 00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:13,880 REPEATING WHAT WE ALREADY KNOW 506 00:20:13,880 --> 00:20:16,360 SO IT IS SUPER OBVIOUS, RIGHT, 507 00:20:16,360 --> 00:20:19,400 BUT WHEN YOU LISTEN, YOU CAN 508 00:20:19,400 --> 00:20:20,720 ACTUALLY LEARN SOMETHING NEW 509 00:20:20,720 --> 00:20:22,640 SO RECOGNIZING IT HAS TO GO 510 00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:28,200 BOTH WAYS AND EVEN THOUGH IT 511 00:20:28,200 --> 00:20:31,320 IS NICE TO HEAR US TALK YOU 512 00:20:31,320 --> 00:20:32,520 CAN LEARN SOMETHING BETTER BY 513 00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:35,360 LISTENING TO OTHERS AND I HAVE 514 00:20:35,360 --> 00:20:36,480 HAD VERY FORTUNATE 515 00:20:36,480 --> 00:20:37,160 OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH HAD A 516 00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:47,720 VOICE ADVISORS AND MENTORS 517 00:20:53,600 --> 00:20:57,160 THAT INVOLVED LISTENING TO. 518 00:20:57,160 --> 00:20:58,800 ONE VERY TRANSITION POINT AT 519 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:02,000 THE START OF MY FELLOWSHIP SO 520 00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:04,040 YOU DO TWO CLINICAL AND THEN 521 00:21:04,040 --> 00:21:06,440 TWO YEARS OF RESEARCH. 522 00:21:06,440 --> 00:21:16,920 ALI WALKER IS A GASTRO 523 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:23,920 E NTEROGIST, TRAINED AS A 524 00:21:23,920 --> 00:21:25,280 PEDIATRICIAN IN IMMUNOLOGY AND 525 00:21:25,280 --> 00:21:28,480 THEN CAME BACK AND CREATED THE 526 00:21:28,480 --> 00:21:30,120 PROGRAM OF PEDIATRIC GI AT 527 00:21:30,120 --> 00:21:33,000 HARVARD IN THE 70s AND 528 00:21:33,000 --> 00:21:34,360 LAUNCH WELL OVER A HUNDRED 529 00:21:34,360 --> 00:21:35,920 CAREERS AND MORE THAN 530 00:21:35,920 --> 00:21:38,760 50 PERCENT OF HIS TRAINEES ARE 531 00:21:38,760 --> 00:21:41,960 STILL ACTIVE IN CLINICAL 532 00:21:41,960 --> 00:21:43,080 RESEARCH ACADEMIC MODEL 533 00:21:43,080 --> 00:21:43,440 CENTERS. 534 00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:45,560 BUT WHEN I WAS STARTING MY 535 00:21:45,560 --> 00:21:48,520 RESEARCH PIECE, I YOU KNOW SAT 536 00:21:48,520 --> 00:21:50,320 DOWN WITH HIM AND THOUGHT HE 537 00:21:50,320 --> 00:21:52,440 IS REALLY SMART AND KNOWS THE 538 00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:54,560 WHOLE HARVARD SYSTEM, I SHOULD 539 00:21:54,560 --> 00:21:55,840 LISTENTO HIS ADVICE AND HE IS 540 00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:57,720 GOING TO TELL ME TO GO WORK 541 00:21:57,720 --> 00:22:00,600 FOR SOMEBODY AND I NEED TO 542 00:22:00,600 --> 00:22:02,520 LISTEN TO WHAT HE SAYS. 543 00:22:02,520 --> 00:22:04,840 AT THAT TIME, MY RESEARCH HAD 544 00:22:04,840 --> 00:22:06,720 BEEN IN EATING DISORDERS AND 545 00:22:06,720 --> 00:22:08,840 PSYCHIATRY SO I HAD A DECENT 546 00:22:08,840 --> 00:22:10,120 BACKGROUND AND UNDERSTANDING 547 00:22:10,120 --> 00:22:10,800 OF THE FIELD. 548 00:22:10,800 --> 00:22:13,680 SO HE LOOKED AT MY CV AND MADE 549 00:22:13,680 --> 00:22:14,720 A RECOMMENDATION, YOU SHOULD 550 00:22:14,720 --> 00:22:17,360 GO WORK FOR THIS PERSON, HE IS 551 00:22:17,360 --> 00:22:19,920 AN UP AND COMING SMART 552 00:22:19,920 --> 00:22:21,400 RESEARCHER AS MASS GENERAL AND 553 00:22:21,400 --> 00:22:24,120 HE DOES RESEARCH IN ANOREXIA. 554 00:22:24,120 --> 00:22:25,840 SO I REALLY DIDN'T WANT TO GO, 555 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:28,080 I WAS LIKE OH Dr. WALKER I 556 00:22:28,080 --> 00:22:31,160 REALLY DON'T WANT TO DO EATING 557 00:22:31,160 --> 00:22:32,600 DISORDER RESEARCH ANYMORE, I 558 00:22:32,600 --> 00:22:34,120 DON'T KNOW THAT THAT IS GOING 559 00:22:34,120 --> 00:22:36,800 TO BE A GOOD FIT AND HE SAID 560 00:22:36,800 --> 00:22:37,400 GO TALK TO HIM. 561 00:22:37,400 --> 00:22:39,440 SO I WENT AND TALKED TO HIM 562 00:22:39,440 --> 00:22:41,240 AND INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH AFTER 563 00:22:41,240 --> 00:22:42,440 I INTERVIEWED WITH HIM, I SAID 564 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:44,640 I AM KIND OF GETTING OUT OF 565 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:45,760 THE EATING DISORDER FIELD AND 566 00:22:45,760 --> 00:22:48,520 THERE IS THIS NEW THING WITH 567 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:49,920 PEOPLE HAVING SIDE EFFECTS 568 00:22:49,920 --> 00:22:51,520 WITH HIV AND I WOULD LIKE 569 00:22:51,520 --> 00:22:52,600 SOMEBODY WHO IS SMART LIKE 570 00:22:52,600 --> 00:22:55,440 YOURSELF TO WORK ON THIS TOPIC 571 00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:56,120 WITH ME. 572 00:22:56,120 --> 00:22:57,680 AND IT REALLY LAUNCHED MY 573 00:22:57,680 --> 00:23:00,000 CAREER AND WAS SUCH A HUGE 574 00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:02,280 OPPORTUNITY FOR ME IN TERMS OF 575 00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:04,160 BECOMING A CLINICAL 576 00:23:04,160 --> 00:23:05,000 INVESTIGATOR AND ENTERING INTO 577 00:23:05,000 --> 00:23:13,080 A FIELD THAT WAS JUST 578 00:23:13,080 --> 00:23:16,640 BURGEONING AT THE TIME THAT 579 00:23:16,640 --> 00:23:19,440 HIV DRUGS SIDE EFFECTS WERE 580 00:23:19,440 --> 00:23:20,920 BECOMING AVAILABLE. 581 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:23,480 AND THEN THE SECOND LISTEN WAS 582 00:23:23,480 --> 00:23:25,000 TO ANOTHER ADVISOR AND THAT 583 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:27,000 WAS TIM WALSH WHO WAS THE 584 00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:30,840 PERSON I HAD DONE THE EATING 585 00:23:30,840 --> 00:23:33,040 DISORDER RESEARCH WITH AT 586 00:23:33,040 --> 00:23:35,360 COLUMBIA, HE HAS BEEN A LIFE 587 00:23:35,360 --> 00:23:35,880 LONG MENTOR. 588 00:23:35,880 --> 00:23:37,680 SO THE LESSON THERE IS WHEN 589 00:23:37,680 --> 00:23:39,520 YOU HAVE A REALLY GOOD MENTOR, 590 00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:41,600 YOU WALK ON THAT RELATIONSHIP, 591 00:23:41,600 --> 00:23:43,320 GO BACK TO THAT RELATIONSHIP 592 00:23:43,320 --> 00:23:44,040 AND SUPPORT THAT RELATIONSHIP 593 00:23:44,040 --> 00:23:45,640 SO YOU HAVE IT ALL THROUGHOUT 594 00:23:45,640 --> 00:23:46,040 YOUR CAREER. 595 00:23:46,040 --> 00:23:48,120 AND WHEN I WAS AT THE POINT IN 596 00:23:48,120 --> 00:23:49,280 MY CAREER TO CONSIDER 597 00:23:49,280 --> 00:23:50,280 POTENTIALLY LEAVING THE 598 00:23:50,280 --> 00:23:52,440 HARVARD SYSTEM AND COME TO THE 599 00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:54,440 NIH, I TALKED TO Dr. WALSH 600 00:23:54,440 --> 00:23:56,360 WHO HAD KNOWN ME AT THAT TIME 601 00:23:56,360 --> 00:24:01,480 FOR 15 OR MORE YEARS AND I 602 00:24:01,480 --> 00:24:04,080 PLAINED THAT I HAD THIS 603 00:24:04,080 --> 00:24:05,920 OPPORTUNITY AND THERE WAS 604 00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:08,440 SOMEBODY RECRUITING ME AT NIH 605 00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:11,080 TO DO RESEARCH ON SIDE EFFECTS 606 00:24:11,080 --> 00:24:14,200 TO WORK ON NIAID AND DO 607 00:24:14,200 --> 00:24:15,600 CLINICAL RESEARCH AND I WASN'T 608 00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:17,120 SURE I SHOULD TAKE THE 609 00:24:17,120 --> 00:24:19,200 POSITION AND HE SAID WELL IT 610 00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:21,080 SOUNDS LIKE A GOOD 611 00:24:21,080 --> 00:24:21,960 OPPORTUNITY. 612 00:24:21,960 --> 00:24:26,080 THE HOST ISN'T THAT GOOD BUT 613 00:24:26,080 --> 00:24:28,120 THERE IS SOMEBODY I KNOW AT 614 00:24:28,120 --> 00:24:30,160 NIH WHO IS IN CLINICAL 615 00:24:30,160 --> 00:24:34,040 MEDICINE BUT TRAINED IN HIV 616 00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:35,200 AND VERY TRUSTWORTHY AND A 617 00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:37,080 PERSON I COULD ASK AND I SAID 618 00:24:37,080 --> 00:24:41,640 ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT Dr. 619 00:24:41,640 --> 00:24:43,200 MAZZURI, AND HE SAID YES AND I 620 00:24:43,200 --> 00:24:45,440 SAID WELL THAT IS THE PERSON 621 00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:51,800 TRYING TO HIRE ME AND HE SAID 622 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:52,680 OH, THEN THAT IS WELL. 623 00:24:52,680 --> 00:24:56,640 SO IT IS IMPORTANT TO HAVE 624 00:24:56,640 --> 00:24:57,840 SOMEBODY WHO SUPPORTS YOU AND 625 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:00,000 CAN HELP YOU MAKE THE GOOD 626 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:02,080 DECISIONS SO I DON'T REGRET 627 00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:03,840 THAT DECISION AT ALL AND RELY 628 00:25:03,840 --> 00:25:07,000 STILL ON BOTH OF THEM FOR 629 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:08,600 SIGNIFICANT ADVICE. 630 00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:11,360 NOW ONE LAST THING THAT I HAVE 631 00:25:11,360 --> 00:25:17,800 USED WHEN I HAVE HAD MENTEES, 632 00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:19,480 TALKING ABOUT LISTENING IN A 633 00:25:19,480 --> 00:25:21,440 CONFERENCE ROOM AT A LECTURE, 634 00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:22,720 MAKE SURE TO LISTEN WHEN THE 635 00:25:22,720 --> 00:25:24,800 SMART PEOPLE ARE TALKING, BUT 636 00:25:24,800 --> 00:25:26,040 UNDERSTAND THAT SOMETIMES THE 637 00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:27,040 PEOPLE DOING MOST OF THE 638 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:28,440 TALKING ARE NOT THE SMARTEST 639 00:25:28,440 --> 00:25:29,880 PEOPLE IN THE ROOM, RIGHT? 640 00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:32,800 AND SO IT IS KIND OF LIKE THAT 641 00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:34,840 DISCERNMENT PIECE OF HOW TO 642 00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:37,600 LISTEN CAREFULLY AND PAYING 643 00:25:37,600 --> 00:25:39,400 ATTENTION TO THOSE WHO MAY BE 644 00:25:39,400 --> 00:25:41,560 SAYING THE MOST IMPORTANT OR 645 00:25:41,560 --> 00:25:43,640 INFLUENTIAL THINGS. 646 00:25:43,640 --> 00:25:48,600 SO THAT IS A SKILL TO WORK ON. 647 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,640 NOW AS I HAD MENTIONED -- OR 648 00:25:52,640 --> 00:25:54,200 WAS MENTIONED IN MY BIO, I 649 00:25:54,200 --> 00:25:55,800 WENT TO THE HARVARD SCHOOL OF 650 00:25:55,800 --> 00:25:57,600 PUBLIC HEALTH AND I ALSO WENT 651 00:25:57,600 --> 00:25:58,600 TO HOPKINS. 652 00:25:58,600 --> 00:26:09,160 WELL, IT WAS AT HOPKINS I MET 653 00:26:09,920 --> 00:26:11,240 MICHELLE WALENSKI AND WAS ALSO 654 00:26:11,240 --> 00:26:13,160 AT THE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 655 00:26:13,160 --> 00:26:14,720 AND DURING THAT TIME, MICHELLE 656 00:26:14,720 --> 00:26:16,640 WAS ONE OF THE SMARTEST PEOPLE 657 00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:19,760 I HAD MET AND WE WERE TALKING 658 00:26:19,760 --> 00:26:20,840 ABOUT HIV RESEARCH AND SHE 659 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:24,200 SAID YOU SHOULD PROBABLY TAKE 660 00:26:24,200 --> 00:26:28,640 THIS COURSE WITH ME WITH MARK 661 00:26:28,640 --> 00:26:31,080 BECAUSE HE IS REALLY FUN. 662 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:32,920 AND IT DEFINITELY STRETCHED MY 663 00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:35,240 MATH SKILLS I HAVE TO SAY BUT 664 00:26:35,240 --> 00:26:37,040 MICHELLE WAS MY PARTNER ON 665 00:26:37,040 --> 00:26:39,040 MATH PROJECTS AND SHE KIND OF 666 00:26:39,040 --> 00:26:40,400 WALKED ME THROUGH. 667 00:26:40,400 --> 00:26:42,120 AND I REMEMBER SURVIVING A 668 00:26:42,120 --> 00:26:43,480 WHOLE YEAR OF IT. 669 00:26:43,480 --> 00:26:46,080 I CAME OUT SO MUCH SMARTER AND 670 00:26:46,080 --> 00:26:47,920 HAD MORE APPRECIATION FOR THE 671 00:26:47,920 --> 00:26:51,520 WORK THEY DID IN THE 672 00:26:51,520 --> 00:26:52,520 DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY. 673 00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:54,600 NOW PATH FORWARD, WE HAVE THIS 674 00:26:54,600 --> 00:26:57,040 PANDEMIC AND I JUST REMEMBERED 675 00:26:57,040 --> 00:26:59,560 VERY DISTINCTLY IN APRIL OR 676 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:01,440 MAY OF 2020, I WAS, LIKE ALL 677 00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:02,720 OF US, HOPING THIS WASN'T 678 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:05,000 GOING TO BLOW UP AND BE THE 679 00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:07,840 HUGE THING THAT IT TURNED OUT 680 00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:10,000 TO BE AND MARC WAS BEING 681 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:12,120 INTERVIEWED I THINK ON CNN AND 682 00:27:12,120 --> 00:27:15,520 HE GOT UP THERE AND JUST TOLD 683 00:27:15,520 --> 00:27:18,200 WHAT THE NUMBERS AND HIS 684 00:27:18,200 --> 00:27:21,600 SCIENCE TOLD HIM, RIGHT, WHICH 685 00:27:21,600 --> 00:27:23,520 WAS THAT SARS COV TRANSMISSION 686 00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:26,400 WAS GOING TO CONTINUE WELL 687 00:27:26,400 --> 00:27:28,240 THROUGH 2025 AND I REMEMBER 688 00:27:28,240 --> 00:27:29,200 GRASPING WHEN HE SAID THIS 689 00:27:29,200 --> 00:27:30,720 WOULD BE AROUND FOR AT LEAST 690 00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:32,760 TWO YEARS AND NOBODY WANTED TO 691 00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:35,120 BELIEVE THAT BACK THEN, 692 00:27:35,120 --> 00:27:36,800 ESTIMATING 40-70 PERCENT OF 693 00:27:36,800 --> 00:27:39,240 THE WORLD POPULATION WOULD BE 694 00:27:39,240 --> 00:27:40,640 INFECTED AND MILLIONS OF 695 00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:41,560 PEOPLE WOULD DIE. 696 00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:44,200 IT WAS NOT POPULAR OR 697 00:27:44,200 --> 00:27:45,440 SOMETHING PEOPLE COULD WRAP 698 00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:49,440 THEIR HEAD AROUND BUT BY 2022, 699 00:27:49,440 --> 00:27:52,040 SO MUCH OF WHAT HE HAD SAID 700 00:27:52,040 --> 00:27:54,760 AND HIS COLLEAGUES BECAME TRUE 701 00:27:54,760 --> 00:27:58,840 AND THE WORLD HEALTH 702 00:27:58,840 --> 00:28:00,000 ORGANIZATION ESTIMATED ROUGHLY 703 00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:00,840 40 PERCENT AND SOME 704 00:28:00,840 --> 00:28:04,000 POPULATIONS OF THE WORLD AT 705 00:28:04,000 --> 00:28:07,160 70 PERCENT WHERE PEOPLE HAD 706 00:28:07,160 --> 00:28:10,400 ONE OR MORE INFECTIONS AND 707 00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:13,600 THAT 6 MILLION HAD DIED OF 708 00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:14,080 SARS COV2. 709 00:28:14,080 --> 00:28:16,800 SO THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHERE 710 00:28:16,800 --> 00:28:18,080 THEY WERE RIGHT AND IT WAS 711 00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:19,600 SMART OF US TO LISTEN TO THEM 712 00:28:19,600 --> 00:28:30,000 AND TO FOLLOW THEIR 713 00:28:31,680 --> 00:28:32,040 RECOMMENDATIONS. 714 00:28:32,040 --> 00:28:32,720 OKAY, SO NOW I JUST WANTED TO 715 00:28:32,720 --> 00:28:33,360 GIVE ONE BRIEF EXAMPLE OF 716 00:28:33,360 --> 00:28:34,000 LISTENING TO DATA AND THIS 717 00:28:34,000 --> 00:28:34,640 ACTUALLY COULD HAVE BEEN 718 00:28:34,640 --> 00:28:35,280 ENTITLED LISTEN TO YOUR 719 00:28:35,280 --> 00:28:36,200 PATIENTS AND THIS HAS TO DO 720 00:28:36,200 --> 00:28:39,360 WITH AN EXPERIENCE I HAD IN MY 721 00:28:39,360 --> 00:28:41,320 RESEARCH TIME DOING HIV WORK. 722 00:28:41,320 --> 00:28:45,320 SO AS I STATED, I CAME INTO 723 00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:47,040 DOING RESEARCH ON 724 00:28:47,040 --> 00:28:50,080 COMPLICATIONS OF HIV RIGHT 725 00:28:50,080 --> 00:28:55,960 AROUND THE TIME THAT ANTIVIRAL 726 00:28:55,960 --> 00:28:58,520 THERAPY WAS BECOMING WIDELY 727 00:28:58,520 --> 00:28:59,880 AVAILABLE WHICH LARGELY 728 00:28:59,880 --> 00:29:01,240 IMPACTED SURVIVAL FOR HIV BUT 729 00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:03,560 WITHIN A YEAR OR SO, WE 730 00:29:03,560 --> 00:29:05,760 STARTED NOTICING THAT THERE 731 00:29:05,760 --> 00:29:07,240 WERE ALSO UNDESIRABLE, 732 00:29:07,240 --> 00:29:09,240 UNANTICIPATED SIDE EFFECTS, UP 733 00:29:09,240 --> 00:29:14,160 WITH OF WHICH WAS THE 734 00:29:14,160 --> 00:29:17,360 DISFIGURING OR LIPOATROPHY, A 735 00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:19,160 SIGNIFICANT DROPPING OF 736 00:29:19,160 --> 00:29:20,680 SUBCUTANEOUS FAT IN THE LEGS, 737 00:29:20,680 --> 00:29:22,320 ARMS AND FACES OF OUR PATIENTS 738 00:29:22,320 --> 00:29:24,880 AS SEEN IN THIS PHOTOGRAPH. 739 00:29:24,880 --> 00:29:26,880 SO MY FELLOWS WERE JUST REALLY 740 00:29:26,880 --> 00:29:27,880 BEGINNING TO FIGURE OUT 741 00:29:27,880 --> 00:29:29,560 EXACTLY WHAT WAS GOING ON TO 742 00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:31,080 UNDERSTAND WHAT PART OF THE 743 00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:37,320 MEDICATION WAS DOING IT AND 744 00:29:37,320 --> 00:29:38,200 BECAUSE PROTEASE INHIBITORS 745 00:29:38,200 --> 00:29:39,520 WERE MOPPING THE NEWEST 746 00:29:39,520 --> 00:29:41,600 CLASSES OF DRUGS THAT HAD JUST 747 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:44,280 BEEN INTRODUCED AROUND THE 748 00:29:44,280 --> 00:29:45,880 TIME THIS REACTION WAS 749 00:29:45,880 --> 00:29:50,520 IDENTIFIED, MOST OF IT WAS 750 00:29:50,520 --> 00:29:53,480 ATTRIBUTED TO PROTEASE 751 00:29:53,480 --> 00:29:53,880 INHIBITORS. 752 00:29:53,880 --> 00:29:57,440 SO I ASSEMBLED A COHORT OF 753 00:29:57,440 --> 00:29:58,920 PATIENTS AND ASSESSED THEM FOR 754 00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:00,200 ALL THESE SIDE EFFECTS AND 755 00:30:00,200 --> 00:30:02,720 TOOK A DETAILED HISTORY OF ANY 756 00:30:02,720 --> 00:30:04,600 MEDICATION THEY HAD BEEN 757 00:30:04,600 --> 00:30:09,760 EXPOSED TO AND THEN TRIED TO 758 00:30:09,760 --> 00:30:12,320 SAY WHETHER THEY HAD THE SIDE 759 00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:13,040 EFFECTS AND GLUCOSE PROBLEMS. 760 00:30:13,040 --> 00:30:16,160 AND I WAS ANALYZING THE DATA 761 00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:18,240 OF THE PATIENTS AND RECOGNIZED 762 00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:23,080 QUICKLY IT WASN'T A PROTEASE 763 00:30:23,080 --> 00:30:27,240 INHIBITOR THAT CAUSED THIS 764 00:30:27,240 --> 00:30:34,320 FACIAL DISTURBANCE BUT RATHER 765 00:30:34,320 --> 00:30:39,480 LINKED TO THE PROTEASE. 766 00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:43,200 AND SO FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO 767 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:53,120 KNOW ABOUT HIV, IT WAS FOUND 768 00:30:53,120 --> 00:30:55,200 ASSOCIATED TO MITOCHONDRIAL 769 00:30:55,200 --> 00:31:05,640 TOXICITY TO THYM IDINE. 770 00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:09,120 SO WE HAD THAT INFORMATION 771 00:31:09,120 --> 00:31:11,800 ALREADY AND WHEN THE DATA ARE 772 00:31:11,800 --> 00:31:13,520 STAIRING YOU IN THE FACE, IT 773 00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:16,120 IS IMPORTANT TO PAY ATTENTION 774 00:31:16,120 --> 00:31:16,840 TO IT. 775 00:31:16,840 --> 00:31:18,840 NOW WHEN, NOT TO LISTEN. 776 00:31:18,840 --> 00:31:21,120 SO THESE ARE JUST EXAMPLES OF 777 00:31:21,120 --> 00:31:22,360 THINGS, SOME OF WHICH I THINK 778 00:31:22,360 --> 00:31:26,800 WE KIND OF HINTED ON IN THE 779 00:31:26,800 --> 00:31:28,560 PRELUDE OF AMAZING WOMEN AND 780 00:31:28,560 --> 00:31:30,200 CHALLENGES THEY HAD FACED. 781 00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:32,120 I THINK THINGS ARE A LOT 782 00:31:32,120 --> 00:31:33,440 BETTER RECENTLY BUT THERE ARE 783 00:31:33,440 --> 00:31:34,680 STILL CHALLENGES. 784 00:31:34,680 --> 00:31:36,200 SO THE FIRST ONE I WAS JUST 785 00:31:36,200 --> 00:31:38,040 GOING TO SAY IS ABOUT SAYING, 786 00:31:38,040 --> 00:31:39,240 YOU KNOW, WHEN YOU LISTEN TO 787 00:31:39,240 --> 00:31:42,080 THE FIRST ROUND OF NOS. 788 00:31:42,080 --> 00:31:43,360 AND SOMETIMES EVEN THE SECOND 789 00:31:43,360 --> 00:31:46,160 OR THIRD ROUND OF NOS. 790 00:31:46,160 --> 00:31:49,040 SO THE FIRST IS I APPLIED TO 791 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:50,080 HARVARD UNDERGRADUATE, THEY 792 00:31:50,080 --> 00:31:51,360 SAID NO THANK YOU. 793 00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:54,360 I APPLIED TO HARVARD MEDICAL 794 00:31:54,360 --> 00:31:56,200 SCHOOL, THEY SAID NO THANK 795 00:31:56,200 --> 00:31:56,960 YOU. 796 00:31:56,960 --> 00:32:00,000 I APPLIED TO HARVARD SCHOOL OF 797 00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:01,800 PUBLIC HEALTH AND EVENTUALLY 798 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:07,000 GOT IN AND I WAS TEACHING AT 799 00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:08,240 THE HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL SO 800 00:32:08,240 --> 00:32:09,800 I DIDN'T BEGIN UP AND OVER 801 00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:12,240 TIME WAS ABLE TO CONVINCE THEM 802 00:32:12,240 --> 00:32:13,600 OF MY MERITS WITHIN THEIR 803 00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:14,800 ORGANIZATION SO I DIDN'T GIVE 804 00:32:14,800 --> 00:32:15,880 UP THERE. 805 00:32:15,880 --> 00:32:17,560 THE SECOND ONE, WHICH IS ALSO 806 00:32:17,560 --> 00:32:19,040 INTERESTING AND SOMETIMES I 807 00:32:19,040 --> 00:32:21,120 EVEN TEND TO FORGET ABOUT THIS 808 00:32:21,120 --> 00:32:22,800 IS THAT BETWEEN UNDERGRADUATE 809 00:32:22,800 --> 00:32:25,240 AND GRADUATE SCHOOL, I 810 00:32:25,240 --> 00:32:26,920 ACTUALLY TYPED OUT AN 811 00:32:26,920 --> 00:32:28,760 APPLICATION AND SENT IT TO THE 812 00:32:28,760 --> 00:32:34,280 NIH FOR WHAT WAS PROBABLY THE 813 00:32:34,280 --> 00:32:35,960 EARLIER ITERATION OF AN 814 00:32:35,960 --> 00:32:36,400 INTERNSHIP. 815 00:32:36,400 --> 00:32:38,720 THAT PIECE OF PAPER, YOU KNOW, 816 00:32:38,720 --> 00:32:40,000 WENT OFF IN AN ENVELOPE WITH A 817 00:32:40,000 --> 00:32:42,440 STAMP AND I NEVER HEARD BACK. 818 00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:43,560 AND IT HURT, AND I REALLY 819 00:32:43,560 --> 00:32:46,640 THOUGHT I WAS A PERFECT FIT 820 00:32:46,640 --> 00:32:47,760 FOR THE NIH. 821 00:32:47,760 --> 00:32:49,800 AND MANY, MANY YEARS LATER, 822 00:32:49,800 --> 00:32:50,840 HERE I AM. 823 00:32:50,840 --> 00:32:52,800 I FOUND MY WAY HERE AND I DO 824 00:32:52,800 --> 00:32:54,360 BELIEVE THAT WHEN I STEPPED IN 825 00:32:54,360 --> 00:32:56,320 THE BUILDING, IT FELT LIKE I 826 00:32:56,320 --> 00:32:56,920 BELONGED HERE. 827 00:32:56,920 --> 00:33:00,280 SO I AM GLAD THAT I DIDN'T USE 828 00:33:00,280 --> 00:33:02,080 THAT FIRST NO TO BE THE LAST 829 00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:03,760 ASK THAT I WOULD MAKE IN TERMS 830 00:33:03,760 --> 00:33:07,080 OF TRYING TO FIND MY WAY HERE. 831 00:33:07,080 --> 00:33:10,360 NOW IN MEDICAL SCHOOL 832 00:33:10,360 --> 00:33:11,480 INTERVIEWS, I HAD SOME 833 00:33:11,480 --> 00:33:16,600 INTERESTING EXPERIENCES AS 834 00:33:16,600 --> 00:33:16,880 WELL. 835 00:33:16,880 --> 00:33:21,080 IT 836 00:33:21,080 --> 00:33:23,600 I HAD A DEAN OF ADMISSIONS ASK 837 00:33:23,600 --> 00:33:27,920 ME HOW I PLANNED TO BE A 838 00:33:27,920 --> 00:33:29,240 PHYSICIAN AND A MOTHER. 839 00:33:29,240 --> 00:33:31,360 I WAS TAKEN ABACK AND 840 00:33:31,360 --> 00:33:34,560 SURPRISED AND THOUGHT IT WAS 841 00:33:34,560 --> 00:33:35,520 NOT AN APPROPRIATE QUESTION 842 00:33:35,520 --> 00:33:38,160 AND TOLD THE INTERVIEWER I HAD 843 00:33:38,160 --> 00:33:40,000 KNOWN WOMEN WHO HAD VASTLY 844 00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:42,120 DIFFERENT EXPERIENCES OF 845 00:33:42,120 --> 00:33:45,600 BECOMING A MOTHER AND I HAD 846 00:33:45,600 --> 00:33:48,640 KNOWN CAREER WOMEN WHO STOPPED 847 00:33:48,640 --> 00:33:49,880 AND EMBRACED MOTHERHOOD AND 848 00:33:49,880 --> 00:33:52,800 WOMEN WHO RAPIDLY RETURNED TO 849 00:33:52,800 --> 00:33:54,680 WORK TO EMBRACE THEIR CAREER 850 00:33:54,680 --> 00:33:56,680 AND I COULDN'T POSSIBLY 851 00:33:56,680 --> 00:33:58,120 RESPOND HOW I WOULD RESPOND TO 852 00:33:58,120 --> 00:33:59,920 MOTHERHOOD AND THAT IT WAS A 853 00:33:59,920 --> 00:34:00,520 RIDICULOUS QUESTION. 854 00:34:00,520 --> 00:34:02,800 SO WHEN YOU HEAR THOSE 855 00:34:02,800 --> 00:34:04,880 QUESTIONS, REFLECT BACK TO THE 856 00:34:04,880 --> 00:34:06,080 ASKER WHAT MAKES SENSE OR 857 00:34:06,080 --> 00:34:08,400 DOESN'T MAKE SENSE FROM YOUR 858 00:34:08,400 --> 00:34:09,000 PERSPECTIVE. 859 00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:11,480 AND THEN IN ANOTHER MEDICAL 860 00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:12,960 SCHOOL INTERVIEW, AGAIN, I 861 00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:14,080 WILL NOT NAME NAMES OR 862 00:34:14,080 --> 00:34:16,120 SCHOOLS, THIS WAS A MEDICAL 863 00:34:16,120 --> 00:34:17,520 GROUP THAT DID GROUP 864 00:34:17,520 --> 00:34:19,920 INTERVIEWS AND THERE WERE 16 865 00:34:19,920 --> 00:34:21,640 PEOPLE INTERVIEWED AT SCHOOL, 866 00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,840 FOUR WOMEN, THE REST MEN AND 867 00:34:24,840 --> 00:34:26,600 THEY DID GROUPS OF FOUR 868 00:34:26,600 --> 00:34:28,200 INTERVIEWS SO WHEN THE FIRST 869 00:34:28,200 --> 00:34:30,160 ROUNDS WERE CALLED, THEY 870 00:34:30,160 --> 00:34:32,080 CALLED THE FOUR WOMEN TO DO AN 871 00:34:32,080 --> 00:34:32,960 INTERVIEW TOGETHER. 872 00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:34,560 AND THE INTERVIEW WAS KIND OF 873 00:34:34,560 --> 00:34:36,400 GOING ALONG AND THEY GOT TO 874 00:34:36,400 --> 00:34:37,920 THE WENT AND SAID DOES ANYBODY 875 00:34:37,920 --> 00:34:39,320 HAVE ANY QUESTIONS AND I SAID 876 00:34:39,320 --> 00:34:41,360 CAN YOU EXPLAIN WHY THE FOUR 877 00:34:41,360 --> 00:34:46,520 WOMEN ARE BEING INTERVIEWED 878 00:34:46,520 --> 00:34:46,960 TOGETHER. 879 00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:48,680 AND THEY SAID WELL, I AM SURE 880 00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:50,800 THAT JUST HAPPENED BY CHANCE 881 00:34:50,800 --> 00:34:54,040 AND I SAID THAT IS ALMOST 882 00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:54,640 IMPOSSIBLE. 883 00:34:54,640 --> 00:34:56,520 AND THEY SAID WELL 884 00:34:56,520 --> 00:34:57,360 STATISTICALLY IT IS POSSIBLE 885 00:34:57,360 --> 00:35:00,440 AND I SAID OKAY, WELL THEN IT 886 00:35:00,440 --> 00:35:02,080 IS HIGHLY IMPROBABLE. 887 00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:03,680 SO THEY DISMISSED US AND I 888 00:35:03,680 --> 00:35:05,240 THOUGHT WELL I AM NEVER GOING 889 00:35:05,240 --> 00:35:06,120 TO GET IN THERE. 890 00:35:06,120 --> 00:35:07,920 AND THEN THE NEXT DAY I 891 00:35:07,920 --> 00:35:08,600 ACTUALLY RECEIVED A 892 00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:10,760 NOTIFICATION FROM THE DEAN OF 893 00:35:10,760 --> 00:35:15,640 ADMISSIONS WITH AN APOLICY 894 00:35:15,640 --> 00:35:17,920 APOLOGY WHO HAD LOOKED INTO IT 895 00:35:17,920 --> 00:35:19,320 AND THERE WAS SOMEBODY WHO 896 00:35:19,320 --> 00:35:21,040 THOUGHT IT WOULD BE CUTE FOR 897 00:35:21,040 --> 00:35:22,240 THE GIRLS TO INTERVIEW 898 00:35:22,240 --> 00:35:25,200 TOGETHER OR THE GIRLS WOULD BE 899 00:35:25,200 --> 00:35:26,200 INTIMIDATED TO INTERVIEW WITH 900 00:35:26,200 --> 00:35:26,520 THE MEN. 901 00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:28,880 SO THIS WAS JUST AN 902 00:35:28,880 --> 00:35:30,160 OPPORTUNITY FOR THEM TO 903 00:35:30,160 --> 00:35:31,760 REALIZE THAT WAS NOT PROBABLY 904 00:35:31,760 --> 00:35:33,280 THE RIGHT APPROACH TO 905 00:35:33,280 --> 00:35:34,280 CONSIDERING WOMEN APPLICANTS 906 00:35:34,280 --> 00:35:38,720 TO THEIR MEDICAL SCHOOL. 907 00:35:38,720 --> 00:35:39,880 ANOTHER TIME WAS I WANTED A 908 00:35:39,880 --> 00:35:41,960 FAST TRACK IN MY RESIDENCY. 909 00:35:41,960 --> 00:35:44,280 THE FAST TRACK WAS AN 910 00:35:44,280 --> 00:35:51,120 OPPORTUNITY TO DO -- TO STAVE 911 00:35:51,120 --> 00:35:54,200 OFF A YEAR OF YOUR RESIDENCY 912 00:35:54,200 --> 00:35:56,120 AND DO A FELLOWSHIP TO GET 913 00:35:56,120 --> 00:35:56,880 CLOSER TO RESEARCH. 914 00:35:56,880 --> 00:35:59,200 AND WHEN I ASKED, I WAS TOLD 915 00:35:59,200 --> 00:36:01,080 OH THAT IS NOT FOR CLINICAL 916 00:36:01,080 --> 00:36:02,160 RESEARCH, IT IS FOR 917 00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:03,640 SCIENTISTS. 918 00:36:03,640 --> 00:36:05,240 AND I HAD TO KIND OF EXPLAIN 919 00:36:05,240 --> 00:36:07,560 TO THEM THAT CLINICAL RESEARCH 920 00:36:07,560 --> 00:36:09,120 IS SCIENCE, THAT IT TAKES A 921 00:36:09,120 --> 00:36:12,200 VERY LONG TIME TO BUILD UP AND 922 00:36:12,200 --> 00:36:13,880 HAVE A SUCCESSFUL CAREER IN 923 00:36:13,880 --> 00:36:15,440 CLINICAL RESEARCH AND THAT IT 924 00:36:15,440 --> 00:36:16,840 SHOULDN'T BE TREATED 925 00:36:16,840 --> 00:36:18,200 DIFFERENTLY THAN PEOPLE WHO 926 00:36:18,200 --> 00:36:20,400 WANTED TO DO BASIC SCIENCE OR 927 00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:21,720 BENCH WORK. 928 00:36:21,720 --> 00:36:23,280 SO I RESPECTFULLY MADE MY CASE 929 00:36:23,280 --> 00:36:25,160 AND PROBABLY WAS ONE OF THE 930 00:36:25,160 --> 00:36:27,320 FIRST PEOPLE AT BOSTON 931 00:36:27,320 --> 00:36:29,800 CHILDREN'S TO BE ABLE TO FAST 932 00:36:29,800 --> 00:36:32,320 TRACK THE FELLOWSHIP TO GET 933 00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:33,400 BACK INTO MY RESEARCH CAREER. 934 00:36:33,400 --> 00:36:35,920 SO THAT WAS KIND OF A NO I 935 00:36:35,920 --> 00:36:38,840 DIDN'T LISTEN TO AND KEPT 936 00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:39,400 PRESSING ON. 937 00:36:39,400 --> 00:36:41,920 AND THEN THE LAST IS CLINICAL 938 00:36:41,920 --> 00:36:42,800 TRIALS. 939 00:36:42,800 --> 00:36:45,880 SO WHEN Dr. GRAYSTONE 940 00:36:45,880 --> 00:36:49,040 ACCEPTED ME INTO HIS LAB AND 941 00:36:49,040 --> 00:36:50,520 RESEARCH GROUP TO DO CLINICAL 942 00:36:50,520 --> 00:36:51,840 RESEARCH I WAS AT THE SAME 943 00:36:51,840 --> 00:36:53,320 TIME TAKING MY MASTERS IN 944 00:36:53,320 --> 00:36:54,400 PUBLIC HEALTH. 945 00:36:54,400 --> 00:36:57,840 AND AT ONE POINT HE WAS KIND 946 00:36:57,840 --> 00:37:00,680 OF MENTORING ME THAT WELL, YOU 947 00:37:00,680 --> 00:37:02,120 CAN TAKE CLASSES OF CLINICAL 948 00:37:02,120 --> 00:37:03,520 TRIALS OR YOU CAN DO A 949 00:37:03,520 --> 00:37:04,800 CLINICAL TRIAL AND I THINK YOU 950 00:37:04,800 --> 00:37:06,760 MIGHT LEARN MORE IF YOU JUST 951 00:37:06,760 --> 00:37:08,320 SPEND THE TIME DOING A 952 00:37:08,320 --> 00:37:09,000 CLINICAL TRIAL. 953 00:37:09,000 --> 00:37:11,840 SO I BEGGED TO STILL DO SOME 954 00:37:11,840 --> 00:37:13,320 PART-TIME MASTERS IN PUBLIC 955 00:37:13,320 --> 00:37:16,240 HEALTH WORK BUT WAS BUSY DOING 956 00:37:16,240 --> 00:37:17,400 CLINICAL TRIALS AS WELL. 957 00:37:17,400 --> 00:37:19,160 SO WILL THE FIRST TRIAL, DATA 958 00:37:19,160 --> 00:37:21,040 CAME OUT AND WE SAT DOWN AND 959 00:37:21,040 --> 00:37:23,320 DID SOME OF THE PRELIMINARY 960 00:37:23,320 --> 00:37:24,280 ANALYSIS THAT INITIALLY LOOKED 961 00:37:24,280 --> 00:37:26,920 LIKE IT WAS A NEGATIVE RESULT. 962 00:37:26,920 --> 00:37:28,400 BUT I RECOGNIZED THE ANALYSIS 963 00:37:28,400 --> 00:37:30,520 THEY HAD APPLIED WAS NOT THE 964 00:37:30,520 --> 00:37:31,960 MOST APPROPRIATE WAY OF 965 00:37:31,960 --> 00:37:32,520 APPROACHING THE DATA. 966 00:37:32,520 --> 00:37:35,040 I HAD BEEN TAKING DATA AND 967 00:37:35,040 --> 00:37:36,680 STATISTICS IN MY MCH PROGRAM 968 00:37:36,680 --> 00:37:38,640 AND SHOWED HIM HOW I WOULD 969 00:37:38,640 --> 00:37:40,560 ANALYZE THE DATA AND HAVE A 970 00:37:40,560 --> 00:37:42,280 SIGNIFICANT RESULT WHICH WAS 971 00:37:42,280 --> 00:37:44,240 ULTIMATELY PUBLISHED IN B AMA. 972 00:37:44,240 --> 00:37:46,360 AND AT THAT POINT, HE WAS LIKE 973 00:37:46,360 --> 00:37:48,160 HOW DID YOU KNOW TO DO THAT 974 00:37:48,160 --> 00:37:50,280 AND I SAID WELL, IT WAS THOSE 975 00:37:50,280 --> 00:37:52,440 CLASSES AND AT THAT POINT, HE 976 00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:53,800 KIND OF BACKTRACKED AND SAID 977 00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:56,360 OKAY, TAKE THE CLASSES, DO THE 978 00:37:56,360 --> 00:37:58,200 CLINICAL TRIAL AND TAKE THE 979 00:37:58,200 --> 00:37:58,520 CLASSES. 980 00:37:58,520 --> 00:38:00,360 SO THOSE WERE EXAMPLES WHERE I 981 00:38:00,360 --> 00:38:02,840 DIDN'T QUITE LISTEN OR I 982 00:38:02,840 --> 00:38:03,960 LISTENED SELECTIVELY OR TRIED 983 00:38:03,960 --> 00:38:07,520 TO CHANGE THE OUTCOME BY BEING 984 00:38:07,520 --> 00:38:08,400 PERSISTENT. 985 00:38:08,400 --> 00:38:09,640 SO FOR THE LAST BIT, I JUST 986 00:38:09,640 --> 00:38:12,400 WANT TO TALK A TINY BIT ABOUT 987 00:38:12,400 --> 00:38:16,360 LISTENING TO LEAD AND WHY THAT 988 00:38:16,360 --> 00:38:19,440 IS IMPORTANT. 989 00:38:19,440 --> 00:38:21,080 AND A PERFECT EXAMPLE WAS 990 00:38:21,080 --> 00:38:21,760 ACTUALLY YESTERDAY. 991 00:38:21,760 --> 00:38:25,720 SO I AM TAKING A EXECUTIVE 992 00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:28,680 LEADERSHIP COURSE WHICH HAS 993 00:38:28,680 --> 00:38:29,520 BEEN VERY INTERESTING, 994 00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:32,080 CHALLENGING AND HAS HELPED ME 995 00:38:32,080 --> 00:38:33,320 TO LEARN ALL THE DIFFERENT 996 00:38:33,320 --> 00:38:35,440 SKILLS THAT YOU NEED TO TRY 997 00:38:35,440 --> 00:38:39,080 AND ASPIRE TO BE A GOOD LEADER 998 00:38:39,080 --> 00:38:41,520 AND OUR EVENT YESTERDAY WAS 999 00:38:41,520 --> 00:38:50,640 SITTING DOWN WITH Dr. TABACK 1000 00:38:50,640 --> 00:38:52,480 SO A SMALL GROUP OF US HAD A 1001 00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:55,280 CHANCE TO SIT DOWN AND PICK 1002 00:38:55,280 --> 00:38:58,280 HIS BRAIN AND HE HAD SOME VERY 1003 00:38:58,280 --> 00:38:59,640 INSIGHTFUL OBSERVATIONS AND 1004 00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:00,520 ANSWERED QUESTIONS AND ONE OF 1005 00:39:00,520 --> 00:39:02,160 THE THINGS HE SAID THAT I 1006 00:39:02,160 --> 00:39:03,280 THOUGHT WAS REALLY POIGNANT 1007 00:39:03,280 --> 00:39:05,200 AND SOME OF YOU MAY HAVE HEARD 1008 00:39:05,200 --> 00:39:07,200 HIM SAY THINGS SIMILAR TO THIS 1009 00:39:07,200 --> 00:39:07,560 BEFORE. 1010 00:39:07,560 --> 00:39:09,600 HE SAID IT IS NOT ABOUT BEING 1011 00:39:09,600 --> 00:39:11,840 THE SMARTEST PERSON IN THE 1012 00:39:11,840 --> 00:39:13,040 ROOM, IT IS ABOUT BEING IN THE 1013 00:39:13,040 --> 00:39:14,400 ROOM WITH THE SMART PEOPLE, 1014 00:39:14,400 --> 00:39:14,880 RIGHT? 1015 00:39:14,880 --> 00:39:17,320 SO IF YOU ARE LEADING AN 1016 00:39:17,320 --> 00:39:18,800 ORGANIZATION CAN GET THE SMART 1017 00:39:18,800 --> 00:39:20,760 PEOPLE IN THE ROOM, YOU WILL 1018 00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:22,840 BE ABLE TO LEAD IF YOU CAN 1019 00:39:22,840 --> 00:39:26,000 LISTEN TO THEM AND KIND OF 1020 00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:26,640 CHANNEL THEIR EXPERTISE. 1021 00:39:26,640 --> 00:39:28,160 SO I THOUGHT THAT WAS GREAT. 1022 00:39:28,160 --> 00:39:29,720 AND IT IS NOT JUST ABOUT THE 1023 00:39:29,720 --> 00:39:31,920 SMART PEOPLE BUT ALL THE 1024 00:39:31,920 --> 00:39:32,520 PEOPLE, RIGHT? 1025 00:39:32,520 --> 00:39:35,160 SO LISTENING IS A LEADERSHIP 1026 00:39:35,160 --> 00:39:36,240 RESPONSIBILITY AND IT DOESN'T 1027 00:39:36,240 --> 00:39:38,120 ALWAYS APPEAR IN THE JOB 1028 00:39:38,120 --> 00:39:38,880 DESCRIPTION. 1029 00:39:38,880 --> 00:39:45,600 I THOUGHT THIS WAS A GREAT 1030 00:39:45,600 --> 00:39:56,200 CARTOON AND ONE THAT IT SOUNDS 1031 00:39:57,040 --> 00:40:00,840 WEIRD BUT LISTENING IS 1032 00:40:00,840 --> 00:40:03,120 ACTUALLY THE WAY TO DO THE 1033 00:40:03,120 --> 00:40:03,440 WORK. 1034 00:40:03,440 --> 00:40:04,640 AND AGAIN THIS IS THE 1035 00:40:04,640 --> 00:40:05,920 OPPORTUNITY FOR EVERYBODY TO 1036 00:40:05,920 --> 00:40:07,920 HAVE A VOICE TO, HAVE THE 1037 00:40:07,920 --> 00:40:09,600 BENEFIT OF DIVERSITY TO THE 1038 00:40:09,600 --> 00:40:10,200 WHOLE ORGANIZATION BUT 1039 00:40:10,200 --> 00:40:11,320 LISTENING TO EVERYONE AND 1040 00:40:11,320 --> 00:40:13,800 MAKING SURE WHEN YOU ARE IN A 1041 00:40:13,800 --> 00:40:15,560 MEETING, YOU GIVE EVERYBODY A 1042 00:40:15,560 --> 00:40:16,720 OPPORTUNITY TO SPEAK. 1043 00:40:16,720 --> 00:40:18,560 SO 85 PERCENT OF WHAT WE 1044 00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:19,960 LEARN, WE LEARN THROUGH 1045 00:40:19,960 --> 00:40:26,680 LISTENING SO WE ONLY GENUINELY 1046 00:40:26,680 --> 00:40:27,520 COMPREHEND 25 PERCENT. 1047 00:40:27,520 --> 00:40:31,080 YOU WILL BE LUCKY IF YOU ONLY 1048 00:40:31,080 --> 00:40:32,480 REMEMBER ONE THING I SAY BUT I 1049 00:40:32,480 --> 00:40:37,560 WILL BE HAPPY WITH THAT. 1050 00:40:37,560 --> 00:40:40,960 SO WE SPEND 85 PERCENT OF WHAT 1051 00:40:40,960 --> 00:40:43,280 WE KNOW WE HAVE LEARNED 1052 00:40:43,280 --> 00:40:46,200 THROUGH LISTENING, HUMANS 1053 00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:47,480 GENERALLY LISTEN AT 25 PERCENT 1054 00:40:47,480 --> 00:40:49,560 COMPS HENSATION AND IN A 1055 00:40:49,560 --> 00:40:52,160 TYPICAL BUSINESS DAY, WE SPEND 1056 00:40:52,160 --> 00:40:53,280 45 PERCENT OF OUR TIME 1057 00:40:53,280 --> 00:40:55,520 LISTENING, 30 PERCENT OF OUR 1058 00:40:55,520 --> 00:40:57,200 TIME TALKING AND 16 PERCENT 1059 00:40:57,200 --> 00:40:58,680 READING AND 9 PERCENT WRITING. 1060 00:40:58,680 --> 00:41:00,320 LESS THAN 2 PERCENT OF ALL 1061 00:41:00,320 --> 00:41:01,800 PROFESSIONALS HAVE HAD FORMAL 1062 00:41:01,800 --> 00:41:03,440 EDUCATION OR LEARNING TO 1063 00:41:03,440 --> 00:41:06,920 UNDERSTAND AND IMPROVE 1064 00:41:06,920 --> 00:41:08,280 LISTENING SKILLS AND 1065 00:41:08,280 --> 00:41:09,080 TECHNIQUES. 1066 00:41:09,080 --> 00:41:11,280 SO IF YOU REFLECT ON THIS, OF 1067 00:41:11,280 --> 00:41:12,120 COURSE IT MAKES SENSE. 1068 00:41:12,120 --> 00:41:14,720 IT IS THE RARE PERSON WHO 1069 00:41:14,720 --> 00:41:16,640 PICKS UP A TENNIS RACQUET OR 1070 00:41:16,640 --> 00:41:18,240 GOLF CLUB AND BECOMES A PRO 1071 00:41:18,240 --> 00:41:20,720 AND CAN PARTICIPATE ON THE 1072 00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:22,160 MASTERS GOLF COURSE. 1073 00:41:22,160 --> 00:41:30,640 YOU NEEDLESS SONS NEED 1074 00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:34,160 LESSONS SO YOU CAN EXCEL IN 1075 00:41:34,160 --> 00:41:36,040 THIS PART OF THE JOURNEY IN 1076 00:41:36,040 --> 00:41:36,720 YEAR CAREER. 1077 00:41:36,720 --> 00:41:38,240 AND THEN THE LAST PART OF 1078 00:41:38,240 --> 00:41:39,640 LISTENING, I WANT TO POINT OUT 1079 00:41:39,640 --> 00:41:42,160 I HAD A CLOSE COLLEAGUE AND 1080 00:41:42,160 --> 00:41:44,320 MENTOR WHO RECOMMENDED 1081 00:41:44,320 --> 00:41:46,720 LISTENING TO BOOKS ON AUDIBLE. 1082 00:41:46,720 --> 00:41:49,480 AND IT WAS SUCH A SKIP TO 1083 00:41:49,480 --> 00:41:51,520 START DOING THAT BECAUSE I HAD 1084 00:41:51,520 --> 00:41:52,480 ALWAYS -- WOULD COME HOME AND 1085 00:41:52,480 --> 00:41:55,040 I WOULD BE EXHAUSTED FROM MY 1086 00:41:55,040 --> 00:41:57,120 BUSY DAY AT WORK AND READING 1087 00:41:57,120 --> 00:41:58,840 FELT LIKE WORK BUT I STARTED 1088 00:41:58,840 --> 00:42:01,040 LISTENING TO BOOKS WHILE I 1089 00:42:01,040 --> 00:42:04,200 WALKED MY DOG AND I AM NOW 176 1090 00:42:04,200 --> 00:42:07,440 BOOKS DOWN THE PATH OF HAVING 1091 00:42:07,440 --> 00:42:09,520 EXPANDED MY REPERTOIRE OF 1092 00:42:09,520 --> 00:42:12,040 READING, AND THIS IS WHAT I AM 1093 00:42:12,040 --> 00:42:13,520 FINISHING UP RIGHT NOW WHICH 1094 00:42:13,520 --> 00:42:24,080 IS EAST OF EDEN BY DESIGN -- 1095 00:42:25,520 --> 00:42:27,360 DESIGN BECK AND WILL WRAP UP 1096 00:42:27,360 --> 00:42:28,960 MY TALK WITH THIS QUOTE. 1097 00:42:28,960 --> 00:42:33,960 THIS IS A REFERENCE TO SAM 1098 00:42:33,960 --> 00:42:36,000 HOOK WHO WAS AN IRISH 1099 00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:37,480 PATRIARCH WHO BROUGHT THE BEST 1100 00:42:37,480 --> 00:42:39,160 OUT IN PEOPLE BY ALLOWING THEM 1101 00:42:39,160 --> 00:42:41,000 TO HAVE THEIR SAY. 1102 00:42:41,000 --> 00:42:47,720 SO WITH THAT, I WILL ACTUALLY 1103 00:42:47,720 --> 00:42:50,280 END MY SLIDES AND MY TALK AND 1104 00:42:50,280 --> 00:42:52,360 FIND OUT IF ANYBODY HAS ANY 1105 00:42:52,360 --> 00:42:52,840 QUESTIONS. 1106 00:42:52,840 --> 00:42:53,920 >>AWESOME, THANK YOU, 1107 00:42:53,920 --> 00:42:54,360 COLLEEN. 1108 00:42:54,360 --> 00:42:57,680 THE CHAT ROOM IS OPEN FOR 1109 00:42:57,680 --> 00:42:58,040 QUESTIONS. 1110 00:42:58,040 --> 00:43:01,360 ALSO IF YOU ARE ON ZOOM, FEEL 1111 00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:07,440 FREE TO UNMUTE AND/OR LET YOUR 1112 00:43:07,440 --> 00:43:18,000 AUDIT YO SHOW AND CHIME IN. 1113 00:43:20,480 --> 00:43:22,680 BUT THANKS FOR THAT HAVE VIEW 1114 00:43:22,680 --> 00:43:24,960 AND IF PEOPLE ARE FEELING SHY 1115 00:43:24,960 --> 00:43:26,720 OVER THE NEXT WEEK HOPEFULLY 1116 00:43:26,720 --> 00:43:28,560 WE WILL PULL THEM OUT OF THEIR 1117 00:43:28,560 --> 00:43:30,840 SHELLS AS THEY LISTEN. 1118 00:43:30,840 --> 00:43:32,240 I WILL GIVE QUICK HIGHLIGHTS 1119 00:43:32,240 --> 00:43:33,880 OF WHAT WE HEARD TODAY WHICH I 1120 00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:37,120 LIKE TO DO AT THE END OF THESE 1121 00:43:37,120 --> 00:43:38,360 AND PLEASE INTERRUPT ME AS 1122 00:43:38,360 --> 00:43:42,000 SOON AS THERE IS A QUESTION OR 1123 00:43:42,000 --> 00:43:45,440 SOMEBODY POPPING UP AND OPEN. 1124 00:43:45,440 --> 00:43:49,440 I THINK WE -- KISSING THE 1125 00:43:49,440 --> 00:43:52,240 BLARNEY STONE IS MY TAKE HOME 1126 00:43:52,240 --> 00:43:53,640 POINT, THE 25 PERCENT I WILL 1127 00:43:53,640 --> 00:43:56,760 TAKE HOME WHICH IS GIVING YOU 1128 00:43:56,760 --> 00:43:59,200 THE GIFT OF GAB WHICH I SHARE 1129 00:43:59,200 --> 00:44:00,840 WITH YOU BUT COMPLIMENTING IT 1130 00:44:00,840 --> 00:44:02,560 WITH LISTENING MAKES IT A 1131 00:44:02,560 --> 00:44:04,560 POWERFUL THING AND WE PRIOR 1132 00:44:04,560 --> 00:44:06,360 UNITE YOUR LEADERSHIP AS WELL. 1133 00:44:06,360 --> 00:44:08,160 SPEAKING ONLY IF IT IMPROVES 1134 00:44:08,160 --> 00:44:11,160 ON THE QUIET AND THE SILENCE, 1135 00:44:11,160 --> 00:44:12,560 THE GANDHI QUOTE, IS POWERFUL. 1136 00:44:12,560 --> 00:44:14,320 LISTENING TO THEIR PARENTS AND 1137 00:44:14,320 --> 00:44:15,040 OTHERS, AND TO DATA. 1138 00:44:15,040 --> 00:44:17,120 AND I THINK WE ALL COULD USE A 1139 00:44:17,120 --> 00:44:19,760 LITTLE BIT OF THAT IN TODAY'S 1140 00:44:19,760 --> 00:44:22,240 ENVIRONMENT IN TERMS OF 1141 00:44:22,240 --> 00:44:23,760 POLITICS AND SPLITTING AND 1142 00:44:23,760 --> 00:44:25,720 REALLY JUST TRYING TO LISTEN 1143 00:44:25,720 --> 00:44:28,640 AND NOT ONLY LISTENING TO DATA 1144 00:44:28,640 --> 00:44:30,240 TO AVOID MEDIA OVERLOAD BUT 1145 00:44:30,240 --> 00:44:32,280 LISTENING TO WHAT OTHER 1146 00:44:32,280 --> 00:44:33,240 PEOPLE'S PERSPECTIVES ARE AND 1147 00:44:33,240 --> 00:44:35,120 WHY THEY FEEL A CERTAIN WAY. 1148 00:44:35,120 --> 00:44:37,560 NO MATTER WHAT YOUR BELIEFS 1149 00:44:37,560 --> 00:44:39,920 ARE, PEOPLE HAVE OTHER BELIEFS 1150 00:44:39,920 --> 00:44:42,480 THAT MAY IN FACT BE PURELY 1151 00:44:42,480 --> 00:44:45,800 EVIL BUT HAVE SOME SORT OF 1152 00:44:45,800 --> 00:44:52,080 TENDRIL OF RAGS NATIONAL 1153 00:44:52,080 --> 00:44:54,040 RATIONALITY TO HELP US 1154 00:44:54,040 --> 00:44:54,680 UNDERSTAND. 1155 00:44:54,680 --> 00:44:56,440 YOUR PARENTS AS ROLE MODELS 1156 00:44:56,440 --> 00:45:00,520 AND IF YOU LISTEN, YOU LEARN 1157 00:45:00,520 --> 00:45:03,680 SOMETHING NEW, FROM MICHELLE 1158 00:45:03,680 --> 00:45:04,760 AND MARC, LISTENING TO THE 1159 00:45:04,760 --> 00:45:07,200 DATA AND TO BE ABLE TO FOLLOW 1160 00:45:07,200 --> 00:45:08,560 THE DATA AND PREDICT WHAT IS 1161 00:45:08,560 --> 00:45:10,320 COMING IN THE FUTURE IS KEY. 1162 00:45:10,320 --> 00:45:13,480 LISTENING TO YOUR MENTEES AND 1163 00:45:13,480 --> 00:45:14,320 IN EVERY DIRECTION. 1164 00:45:14,320 --> 00:45:16,760 WE OFTEN GET IN OUR BUBBLES, 1165 00:45:16,760 --> 00:45:17,880 SOMEONE APPROACHES US AND ASKS 1166 00:45:17,880 --> 00:45:19,600 A QUESTION AND WE WILL 1167 00:45:19,600 --> 00:45:21,000 IMMEDIATELY ASSUME WE CAN 1168 00:45:21,000 --> 00:45:22,040 SHARE SOMETHING WITH THEM 1169 00:45:22,040 --> 00:45:23,560 INSTEAD OF JUST SAYING A 1170 00:45:23,560 --> 00:45:26,440 LITTLE BIT AND THEN LISTENING 1171 00:45:26,440 --> 00:45:27,480 TO THEIR PERSPECTIVE OF WHERE 1172 00:45:27,480 --> 00:45:28,640 THEY ARE COMING FROM. 1173 00:45:28,640 --> 00:45:29,760 ALL RIGHT, WE HAVE A FEW 1174 00:45:29,760 --> 00:45:31,480 QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT. 1175 00:45:31,480 --> 00:45:33,760 THANK YOU, VERY INSPIRING. 1176 00:45:33,760 --> 00:45:36,240 I LOVE HOW YOU WERE PERSISTENT 1177 00:45:36,240 --> 00:45:38,480 AND DIDN'T ALLOW NO TO STOP 1178 00:45:38,480 --> 00:45:39,080 YOU. 1179 00:45:39,080 --> 00:45:45,600 I HAVE LEARNED THAT EVERY NCI 1180 00:45:45,600 --> 00:45:48,480 LEADS TO A YES -- EVERY NO, 1181 00:45:48,480 --> 00:45:49,720 SORRY, LEADS TO A YES. 1182 00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:56,720 SO FEEL FREE TO UNMUTE 1183 00:45:56,720 --> 00:45:57,080 YOURSELF. 1184 00:45:57,080 --> 00:45:59,400 >> YES, BRAD, I WILL TAKE IT 1185 00:45:59,400 --> 00:46:00,680 FROM HERE, YOU LISTEN TO THE 1186 00:46:00,680 --> 00:46:01,960 PEOPLE INSTEAD OF THE DATA. 1187 00:46:01,960 --> 00:46:03,640 HOW DO YOU KNOW WHO TO LISTEN 1188 00:46:03,640 --> 00:46:05,720 TO WHEN THERE IS DISAGREEMENT? 1189 00:46:05,720 --> 00:46:09,840 SO YOU KNOW THAT IS A GREAT 1190 00:46:09,840 --> 00:46:11,200 QUESTION. 1191 00:46:11,200 --> 00:46:13,080 AND THERE IS SOME CONTEXT TO 1192 00:46:13,080 --> 00:46:14,120 THAT STORY THAT I WILL TALK 1193 00:46:14,120 --> 00:46:16,680 ABOUT AND IT HAS TO DO WITH -- 1194 00:46:16,680 --> 00:46:17,720 IT WAS ACTUALLY RELATED TO 1195 00:46:17,720 --> 00:46:19,520 SOME OF THE POLITICAL 1196 00:46:19,520 --> 00:46:23,480 ENVIRONMENT OF THE TIME WHICH 1197 00:46:23,480 --> 00:46:27,000 IS THE LIFE-SAVING DRUGS HAD 1198 00:46:27,000 --> 00:46:29,080 REMARKABLY CHANGED EVERYTHING 1199 00:46:29,080 --> 00:46:32,200 ABOUT HIV AND SO THOSE OF US 1200 00:46:32,200 --> 00:46:34,600 WHO WERE IN FAVOR OF THE 1201 00:46:34,600 --> 00:46:36,040 BENEFITS WERE TRYING TO 1202 00:46:36,040 --> 00:46:37,520 MITIGATE WHAT THE RISKS WERE, 1203 00:46:37,520 --> 00:46:40,320 YOU KNOW, WHAT WERE THE RISKS 1204 00:46:40,320 --> 00:46:42,360 THAT PEOPLE WERE SEEING AS A 1205 00:46:42,360 --> 00:46:44,480 RESULT OF EXPOSURE TO THESE 1206 00:46:44,480 --> 00:46:45,320 MEDICATIONS. 1207 00:46:45,320 --> 00:46:48,040 SO MY ADVISORS, WHEN I SAW 1208 00:46:48,040 --> 00:46:50,560 THAT, WERE IN THIS CAMP OF 1209 00:46:50,560 --> 00:46:54,000 LET'S NOT POINT AT ONE DRUG 1210 00:46:54,000 --> 00:46:56,400 AND LET'S WORK AT JUST 1211 00:46:56,400 --> 00:46:57,360 DESCRIBING WHAT WE'RE 1212 00:46:57,360 --> 00:46:59,040 OBSERVING AND TRYING TO COME 1213 00:46:59,040 --> 00:47:01,360 UP WITH STRATEGIES TO MAKE IT 1214 00:47:01,360 --> 00:47:02,640 SAFER FOR THESE PATIENTS TO 1215 00:47:02,640 --> 00:47:03,920 STAY ON THE MEDICATION. 1216 00:47:03,920 --> 00:47:07,320 THERE WERE OTHERS WHO WERE THE 1217 00:47:07,320 --> 00:47:09,640 ONES WHO WANTED TO GO AFTER 1218 00:47:09,640 --> 00:47:11,600 ONE DRUG AND GET STATEMENTS 1219 00:47:11,600 --> 00:47:13,440 FOR PROVING IT WAS THAT ONE 1220 00:47:13,440 --> 00:47:16,440 DRUG. 1221 00:47:16,440 --> 00:47:18,040 SO IN HINDSIGHT, I LEARNED 1222 00:47:18,040 --> 00:47:19,280 THAT THE DATA WERE RIGHT AND I 1223 00:47:19,280 --> 00:47:20,800 AM NOT A HUNDRED PERCENT SURE 1224 00:47:20,800 --> 00:47:23,240 THAT IF I HAD DONE THINGS 1225 00:47:23,240 --> 00:47:24,080 DIFFERENTLY, IT WOULD HAVE 1226 00:47:24,080 --> 00:47:25,040 BEEN BETTER BECAUSE WHAT WE 1227 00:47:25,040 --> 00:47:27,240 WERE TRYING TO DO WAS WHAT WAS 1228 00:47:27,240 --> 00:47:29,160 BEST FOR PATIENTS AND IN THOSE 1229 00:47:29,160 --> 00:47:31,280 CASES, IT IS ALWAYS -- IT IS 1230 00:47:31,280 --> 00:47:33,520 JUST THE TRUTH, IT IS NOT THE 1231 00:47:33,520 --> 00:47:37,560 HOT STATEMENT OR THE AH-HA 1232 00:47:37,560 --> 00:47:41,920 GOTCHA DATA, IT IS THE TRUTH. 1233 00:47:41,920 --> 00:47:43,240 SO MY ADVISORS WERE 1234 00:47:43,240 --> 00:47:44,480 CONSERVATIVE AND SAID I THINK 1235 00:47:44,480 --> 00:47:46,480 WE SHOULD HOLD BACK TILL WE 1236 00:47:46,480 --> 00:47:47,560 HAVE LARGER DATA SETS AND 1237 00:47:47,560 --> 00:47:48,560 INFORMATION TO MAKE SURE THAT 1238 00:47:48,560 --> 00:47:49,880 IS TRUE. 1239 00:47:49,880 --> 00:47:51,240 AND MAYBE THAT WAS THE RIGHT 1240 00:47:51,240 --> 00:47:52,680 THING TO DO BECAUSE WHAT WAS 1241 00:47:52,680 --> 00:47:54,840 CONCERNING AT THE TIME IS SOME 1242 00:47:54,840 --> 00:47:57,520 PATIENTS WERE STOPPING TAKING 1243 00:47:57,520 --> 00:47:59,280 THEIR MEDS TO AVOID THE SIDE 1244 00:47:59,280 --> 00:48:00,440 EFFECTS AND WE WEREN'T SURE 1245 00:48:00,440 --> 00:48:02,200 ENOUGH TO SAY IT WAS WORTH THE 1246 00:48:02,200 --> 00:48:02,520 RISK. 1247 00:48:02,520 --> 00:48:05,240 WE KNEW IT WAS MORE RISKY TO 1248 00:48:05,240 --> 00:48:06,360 HAVE UNCONTROLLED HIV THAN IT 1249 00:48:06,360 --> 00:48:08,120 WAS TO HAVE THE SIDE EFFECTS 1250 00:48:08,120 --> 00:48:10,200 SO I HOPE THAT ANSWERS THE 1251 00:48:10,200 --> 00:48:10,600 QUESTION. 1252 00:48:10,600 --> 00:48:12,560 SO IT IS NOT ALWAYS EASY TO 1253 00:48:12,560 --> 00:48:12,840 KNOW. 1254 00:48:12,840 --> 00:48:16,960 >>SOMETIMES IT IS HARD TO 1255 00:48:16,960 --> 00:48:19,520 FILTER OUT THE NOISE AND YOU 1256 00:48:19,520 --> 00:48:20,960 APPOINTED OUT THE INTERVIEWS, 1257 00:48:20,960 --> 00:48:22,400 AT ANY STAGE IN LIFE THERE ARE 1258 00:48:22,400 --> 00:48:23,880 TIMES WHEN YOU J JUST HAVE TO 1259 00:48:23,880 --> 00:48:26,400 FILTER OUT THE NOISE AND THERE 1260 00:48:26,400 --> 00:48:28,560 IS ENOUGH GABBING WHETHER ON 1261 00:48:28,560 --> 00:48:29,680 BLOGS OR ELSEWHERE WHERE 1262 00:48:29,680 --> 00:48:32,160 PEOPLE ARE STRESSED AND WHEN 1263 00:48:32,160 --> 00:48:33,880 PEOPLE ARE STRESSED, THEY ALL 1264 00:48:33,880 --> 00:48:35,040 TURN AROUND AND GIVE 1265 00:48:35,040 --> 00:48:36,560 INFORMATION YOU MAY NOT WANT 1266 00:48:36,560 --> 00:48:39,960 OR NEED AND IT MAY BE 1267 00:48:39,960 --> 00:48:41,760 SOMETIMES JUST TIME TO TURN 1268 00:48:41,760 --> 00:48:43,240 AWAY FROM THAT DISINFORMATION. 1269 00:48:43,240 --> 00:48:44,600 SO CERTAINLY SOMETHING WE DO 1270 00:48:44,600 --> 00:48:47,000 EVERY DAY. 1271 00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:49,120 LOO, LIKE THERE IS ANOTHER -- 1272 00:48:49,120 --> 00:48:51,000 >>I HAVE A QUESTION. 1273 00:48:51,000 --> 00:48:53,560 >>PLEASE DO. 1274 00:48:53,560 --> 00:48:56,920 >>THANK YOU SO MUCH Dr. 1275 00:48:56,920 --> 00:48:59,840 HADIGAN FOR THAT AMAZING TALK. 1276 00:48:59,840 --> 00:49:01,720 WHAT REALLY STAYED IN MY MIND 1277 00:49:01,720 --> 00:49:03,400 IS SOMETHING YOU HAVE SAID IN 1278 00:49:03,400 --> 00:49:05,040 OTHER WORDS, BUT BASICALLY 1279 00:49:05,040 --> 00:49:06,080 SOMETIMES YOU KNOW WHAT 1280 00:49:06,080 --> 00:49:08,000 DISTURBS YOU IS WHAT YOU 1281 00:49:08,000 --> 00:49:09,840 SHOULD BE PAYING MOST 1282 00:49:09,840 --> 00:49:12,120 ATTENTION TO, BECAUSE IT IS 1283 00:49:12,120 --> 00:49:13,560 PROBABLY WHAT DISTURBS YOU 1284 00:49:13,560 --> 00:49:15,680 THAT IS DIFFERENT TO WHAT YOU 1285 00:49:15,680 --> 00:49:16,160 ARE THINKING. 1286 00:49:16,160 --> 00:49:17,720 AND THAT IS WHERE YOU ARE 1287 00:49:17,720 --> 00:49:19,160 GOING TO GET DIFFERENT 1288 00:49:19,160 --> 00:49:19,600 VIEWPOINTS. 1289 00:49:19,600 --> 00:49:26,840 YOU KNOW, IF YOU KEEP IGNORING 1290 00:49:26,840 --> 00:49:28,400 WHAT YOU HEAR AS A DISTURBED 1291 00:49:28,400 --> 00:49:30,000 VIEW, IT IS VERY COMFORTABLE 1292 00:49:30,000 --> 00:49:32,080 BUT YOU ARE IGNORING A LOT OF 1293 00:49:32,080 --> 00:49:32,760 DIFFERENT VIEWPOINTS THAT 1294 00:49:32,760 --> 00:49:34,760 TOGETHER WILL COME TO BETTER 1295 00:49:34,760 --> 00:49:35,400 SOLUTIONS. 1296 00:49:35,400 --> 00:49:38,320 AND I THINK THAT IS ESPECIALLY 1297 00:49:38,320 --> 00:49:39,280 IMPORTANT RIGHT NOW. 1298 00:49:39,280 --> 00:49:40,480 >>A HUNDRED PERCENT. 1299 00:49:40,480 --> 00:49:42,480 AND IN FACT YOU KNOW HAVING 1300 00:49:42,480 --> 00:49:44,760 SOMEBODY WHO IS GOING TO TELL 1301 00:49:44,760 --> 00:49:46,160 YOU LIKE YOU ARE CRAZY OR YOU 1302 00:49:46,160 --> 00:49:49,600 ARE MAKING A BAD CHOICE, LIKE 1303 00:49:49,600 --> 00:49:51,800 YOU CAN'T SURROUND YOURSELF 1304 00:49:51,800 --> 00:49:52,600 SIMPLY WITH PEOPLE WHO TELL 1305 00:49:52,600 --> 00:49:54,240 YOU YOU ARE RIGHT OR SHARE 1306 00:49:54,240 --> 00:49:55,440 YOUR VIEW BECAUSE THEN YOU 1307 00:49:55,440 --> 00:49:57,480 WILL NEVER SEE ANYTHING BUT 1308 00:49:57,480 --> 00:49:58,840 YOUR VIEW, RIGHT? 1309 00:49:58,840 --> 00:50:01,040 YOU KIND OF HAVE YOUR 1310 00:50:01,040 --> 00:50:02,960 LINEDDERS ON GOING DOWN ONE 1311 00:50:02,960 --> 00:50:04,160 PATH AND TAKING EVERYBODY WITH 1312 00:50:04,160 --> 00:50:06,680 YOU INSTEAD OF TAKING THE WIDE 1313 00:50:06,680 --> 00:50:07,880 FIELD OF VIEW OFFER WHERE TO 1314 00:50:07,880 --> 00:50:09,600 GO NEXT OR WHAT YOU NEED TO BE 1315 00:50:09,600 --> 00:50:14,120 PREPARED FOR SO YEAH, I 1316 00:50:14,120 --> 00:50:15,360 TOTALLY AGREE. 1317 00:50:15,360 --> 00:50:17,920 AND MADELYN JUST OFFERED A 1318 00:50:17,920 --> 00:50:20,600 BOOK UP CALLED "THE POWER OF 1319 00:50:20,600 --> 00:50:23,720 KEEPING YOUR MOUTH SHUT IN AN 1320 00:50:23,720 --> 00:50:26,640 ENDLESS NOISY WORLD" AND IT IS 1321 00:50:26,640 --> 00:50:28,880 ON AUDIO SO I CAN LISTEN TO IT 1322 00:50:28,880 --> 00:50:30,560 WHILE I WALK MY DOG. 1323 00:50:30,560 --> 00:50:33,440 THANK YOU, MADELYN. 1324 00:50:33,440 --> 00:50:35,640 I DO WANT TO SAY I TEMPER THIS 1325 00:50:35,640 --> 00:50:39,160 A LITTLE BIT AND I HOPE I 1326 00:50:39,160 --> 00:50:40,280 CONVEYED THIS, AS WOMEN YOU 1327 00:50:40,280 --> 00:50:43,120 DON'T WANT TO NOT BE HEARD, 1328 00:50:43,120 --> 00:50:45,240 RIGHT? 1329 00:50:45,240 --> 00:50:47,240 SO STAYING QUIET AND BEING 1330 00:50:47,240 --> 00:50:49,520 STRATEGIC AND PRECISE IN WHEN 1331 00:50:49,520 --> 00:50:52,440 YOU STEP INTO A CONVERSATION 1332 00:50:52,440 --> 00:50:54,520 MAY ACTUALLY HELP YOU GET 1333 00:50:54,520 --> 00:50:59,120 HEARD BETTER, BUT WE ALSO WANT 1334 00:50:59,120 --> 00:51:01,200 TO AVOID ALLOWING OTHER PEOPLE 1335 00:51:01,200 --> 00:51:03,000 WHO WANT TO GRAB THE MIC FROM 1336 00:51:03,000 --> 00:51:05,920 TAKING ALL THE AIR OUT OF THE 1337 00:51:05,920 --> 00:51:07,680 ROOM AND NOT GIVING US AN 1338 00:51:07,680 --> 00:51:11,080 OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE OUR 1339 00:51:11,080 --> 00:51:12,080 WISDOM, INSIGHT, PERSPECTIVE 1340 00:51:12,080 --> 00:51:12,560 AND OBSERVATION. 1341 00:51:12,560 --> 00:51:14,440 SO THERE IS STILL PLENTY OF 1342 00:51:14,440 --> 00:51:16,160 WORK FOR US TO KNOW HOW BEST 1343 00:51:16,160 --> 00:51:18,200 TO DO THAT AND TO HONE THAT 1344 00:51:18,200 --> 00:51:20,840 SKILL BUT TO NOT BE -- YOU 1345 00:51:20,840 --> 00:51:23,160 KNOW, BEING CAREFUL NOT TO BE 1346 00:51:23,160 --> 00:51:24,600 AFRAID TO SPEAK UP WHEN YOU 1347 00:51:24,600 --> 00:51:25,960 REALLY DO KNOW THAT WHAT YOU 1348 00:51:25,960 --> 00:51:27,680 ARE ABOUT TO SAY ADDS 1349 00:51:27,680 --> 00:51:29,200 SOMETHING TO THE CONVERSATION 1350 00:51:29,200 --> 00:51:31,840 EVEN THOUGH YOU MAY NOT HAVE 1351 00:51:31,840 --> 00:51:33,680 BEEN HANDED THE OPPORTUNITY TO 1352 00:51:33,680 --> 00:51:34,560 SPEAK FIRST. 1353 00:51:34,560 --> 00:51:35,600 >>ALTHOUGH THE TIMING OF OF 1354 00:51:35,600 --> 00:51:37,240 THAT IS SO IMPORTANT IN 1355 00:51:37,240 --> 00:51:39,040 FIGURING OUT WHEN YOU HAVE AN 1356 00:51:39,040 --> 00:51:41,240 OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE AN IMPACT 1357 00:51:41,240 --> 00:51:44,880 OR HAVE A SYMPATHETIC EAR 1358 00:51:44,880 --> 00:51:48,480 POTENTIALLY AND THANK CECILIA 1359 00:51:48,480 --> 00:51:50,600 FOR YOUR QUESTION ON 1360 00:51:50,600 --> 00:51:51,440 UNCOMFORTABLE CONVERSATIONS. 1361 00:51:51,440 --> 00:51:53,920 OUR DEFENSE MECHANISMS MAKE US 1362 00:51:53,920 --> 00:51:56,120 WANT TO STAY QUIET WHEN 1363 00:51:56,120 --> 00:51:57,480 OPPORTUNITIES TO SPEAK PRESENT 1364 00:51:57,480 --> 00:51:59,160 THEMSELVES AND ALSO TO TAKE 1365 00:51:59,160 --> 00:52:00,680 THE EASY ROUTE WHERE WE DON'T 1366 00:52:00,680 --> 00:52:02,280 LIKE TO THINK ABOUT THOSE 1367 00:52:02,280 --> 00:52:04,560 DISTURBING THOUGHTS THAT MIGHT 1368 00:52:04,560 --> 00:52:07,480 BE LURKING WITHIN US OR 1369 00:52:07,480 --> 00:52:08,160 AMONGST US. 1370 00:52:08,160 --> 00:52:11,680 SO HATS OFF TO COLLEEN FOR 1371 00:52:11,680 --> 00:52:14,680 RAISING QUESTIONS AND SPEAKING 1372 00:52:14,680 --> 00:52:18,640 HER MIND WHEN -- IN A COUPLE 1373 00:52:18,640 --> 00:52:22,520 OF DIFFERENT INSTANCES SHE 1374 00:52:22,520 --> 00:52:23,760 SAID ALONG THE ROAD OF 1375 00:52:23,760 --> 00:52:24,160 INTERVIEWS. 1376 00:52:24,160 --> 00:52:26,280 AND I WOULD SAY A NUMBER OF 1377 00:52:26,280 --> 00:52:27,320 PEOPLE PROBABLY WOULDN'T HAVE 1378 00:52:27,320 --> 00:52:29,360 SPOKEN UP AND PROBABLY NONE OF 1379 00:52:29,360 --> 00:52:32,240 THE MEN SPOKE UP AND ASKED WHY 1380 00:52:32,240 --> 00:52:33,760 AND THAT SHOULDN'T BE THE WAY. 1381 00:52:33,760 --> 00:52:35,640 WE SHOULD ALL BE ASKING THOSE 1382 00:52:35,640 --> 00:52:38,200 QUESTIONS OR AT LEAST RAISING 1383 00:52:38,200 --> 00:52:39,040 AWARENESS ABOUT IT. 1384 00:52:39,040 --> 00:52:40,360 AWARENESS IS THE FIRST STEP 1385 00:52:40,360 --> 00:52:43,920 TOWARDS ANY KIND OF MEANINGFUL 1386 00:52:43,920 --> 00:52:44,480 CHANGE. 1387 00:52:44,480 --> 00:52:46,280 >>I WOULD LIKE TO IMAGINE 1388 00:52:46,280 --> 00:52:47,320 THINGS ARE DIFFERENT NOW 1389 00:52:47,320 --> 00:52:49,280 ALTHOUGH IT WASN'T THAT LONG 1390 00:52:49,280 --> 00:52:49,560 AGO. 1391 00:52:49,560 --> 00:52:53,720 >>I DO HAVE A QUESTION. 1392 00:52:53,720 --> 00:52:55,200 SO WHENEVER YOU ARE SURE OR 1393 00:52:55,200 --> 00:52:57,200 WHENEVER YOU WANT TO SPEAK UP, 1394 00:52:57,200 --> 00:53:00,240 HOW DO YOU GET THE CONFIDENCE? 1395 00:53:00,240 --> 00:53:02,280 LIKE WHEN YOU ARE IN A ROOM 1396 00:53:02,280 --> 00:53:04,880 SURROUNDED BY THE SMARTEST 1397 00:53:04,880 --> 00:53:06,720 PEOPLE AND YOU ARE SURE ABOUT 1398 00:53:06,720 --> 00:53:08,360 SOMETHING AND YOU ARE 1399 00:53:08,360 --> 00:53:09,520 CONFIDENT ENOUGH BUT WHENEVER 1400 00:53:09,520 --> 00:53:13,520 YOU SPEAK UP, THAT CONFIDENCE 1401 00:53:13,520 --> 00:53:14,760 SETTLES, RIGHT, LIKE 1402 00:53:14,760 --> 00:53:15,160 DISAPPEARS. 1403 00:53:15,160 --> 00:53:18,360 MAYBE IT IS A TRAINING THING? 1404 00:53:18,360 --> 00:53:20,400 LIKE GOING TO GET BETTER AT 1405 00:53:20,400 --> 00:53:21,960 SOME POINT OR IS IT SOMETHING 1406 00:53:21,960 --> 00:53:24,840 WE SHOULD BE WORKING ON? 1407 00:53:24,840 --> 00:53:26,920 >>YEAH, AND I THINK YOU -- SO 1408 00:53:26,920 --> 00:53:29,520 THE WAY I HAVE DONE IT IS I 1409 00:53:29,520 --> 00:53:31,400 SPEAK UP WHEN I AM SURE, 1410 00:53:31,400 --> 00:53:32,760 RIGHT? 1411 00:53:32,760 --> 00:53:34,680 AND SO LET'S SAY IT IS NOT 1412 00:53:34,680 --> 00:53:35,880 EVEN PUBLIC SPEAKING. 1413 00:53:35,880 --> 00:53:38,360 A PERFECT EXAMPLE IS I AM 1414 00:53:38,360 --> 00:53:40,400 REVIEWING AN ARTICLE SO IF I 1415 00:53:40,400 --> 00:53:41,400 AM READING A SCIENTIFIC 1416 00:53:41,400 --> 00:53:43,040 ARTICLE AND I KNOW THE TOPIC 1417 00:53:43,040 --> 00:53:44,360 PRETTY WELL AND I AM PRETTY 1418 00:53:44,360 --> 00:53:46,640 SURE THAT THEY EITHER MISSED 1419 00:53:46,640 --> 00:53:48,640 SOMETHING IMPORTANT OR MISLED 1420 00:53:48,640 --> 00:53:49,760 OR MISINTERPRETED THE 1421 00:53:49,760 --> 00:53:51,720 LITERATURE OR DONE SOMETHING 1422 00:53:51,720 --> 00:53:53,880 WRONG, I ACTUALLY, BEFORE I 1423 00:53:53,880 --> 00:53:55,480 WILL WRITE THE COMMENT, I WILL 1424 00:53:55,480 --> 00:53:57,480 PULL UP THE OTHER ARTICLES, I 1425 00:53:57,480 --> 00:53:59,480 WILL READ THEM AGAIN, I WILL 1426 00:53:59,480 --> 00:54:00,840 CONVINCE MYSELF THAT I AM 1427 00:54:00,840 --> 00:54:02,920 RIGHT BEFORE I MAKE SOME KIND 1428 00:54:02,920 --> 00:54:04,440 OF CRITICAL STATEMENT TO SAY, 1429 00:54:04,440 --> 00:54:07,720 YOU KNOW, THIS COULD HAVE BEEN 1430 00:54:07,720 --> 00:54:08,760 BETTER HAD IT BEEN WRITTEN 1431 00:54:08,760 --> 00:54:09,160 THIS WAY. 1432 00:54:09,160 --> 00:54:11,720 AND I DO THE SAME THING IN 1433 00:54:11,720 --> 00:54:12,320 CLINICAL PRACTICE. 1434 00:54:12,320 --> 00:54:15,480 IF I AM CONSULTED ABOUT A 1435 00:54:15,480 --> 00:54:17,160 COMPLEX DISEASE, I WILL READ 1436 00:54:17,160 --> 00:54:18,880 ABOUT THE DISEASE, READ THE 1437 00:54:18,880 --> 00:54:20,720 SUPPORTING LITERATURE AROUND 1438 00:54:20,720 --> 00:54:22,000 MY RECOMMENDATIONS OF DOING 1439 00:54:22,000 --> 00:54:23,120 SOMETHING OR NOT DOING 1440 00:54:23,120 --> 00:54:24,560 SOMETHING SO THEN I CAN GO 1441 00:54:24,560 --> 00:54:27,520 INTO THE ROOM WITH CONFIDENCE 1442 00:54:27,520 --> 00:54:29,240 WITHIN THE LIMITS OF WHAT MY 1443 00:54:29,240 --> 00:54:31,680 OWN KNOWLEDGE IS AND WHAT I 1444 00:54:31,680 --> 00:54:32,920 ACCUMULATED AND CAN AT LEAST 1445 00:54:32,920 --> 00:54:34,000 TAKE IT THAT FAR. 1446 00:54:34,000 --> 00:54:36,280 AND IF YOU PRACTICE THAT OVER 1447 00:54:36,280 --> 00:54:38,840 TIME, YOU BECOME MORE 1448 00:54:38,840 --> 00:54:40,440 COMFORTABLE IN YOUR ABILITY TO 1449 00:54:40,440 --> 00:54:42,800 SAY I HAVE READ THIS 1450 00:54:42,800 --> 00:54:44,320 INFORMATION, I HAVE REVIEWED 1451 00:54:44,320 --> 00:54:46,680 THIS CASE OR READ THIS PAPER 1452 00:54:46,680 --> 00:54:48,000 AND THESE THREE THINGS NEED TO 1453 00:54:48,000 --> 00:54:51,080 BE DONE TO BE IMPROVED, RIGHT? 1454 00:54:51,080 --> 00:54:53,040 AND SO THEN IT FEEDS ON ITSELF 1455 00:54:53,040 --> 00:54:55,960 AND THEN YOU GET REWARDED FOR 1456 00:54:55,960 --> 00:54:57,240 BRINGING GOOD QUALITY INPUT TO 1457 00:54:57,240 --> 00:54:59,640 A CONVERSATION OR TO A 1458 00:54:59,640 --> 00:55:02,320 CLINICAL CASE OR SCIENTIFIC 1459 00:55:02,320 --> 00:55:03,480 PAPER AND ONCE YOU ARE 1460 00:55:03,480 --> 00:55:06,720 REWARDED FOR DOING THAT, YOU 1461 00:55:06,720 --> 00:55:08,880 WILL BUILD CONFIDENCE OF LIKE 1462 00:55:08,880 --> 00:55:10,200 WELL THAT FELT GOOD SO I CAN 1463 00:55:10,200 --> 00:55:12,440 DO IT AGAIN AND IT FEEDS ON 1464 00:55:12,440 --> 00:55:12,760 ITSELF. 1465 00:55:12,760 --> 00:55:14,560 IT REALLY COMES WITH TIME. 1466 00:55:14,560 --> 00:55:17,720 >>AND PART OF THIS NURTURING 1467 00:55:17,720 --> 00:55:19,440 IS AN ENVIRONMENT THAT LETS 1468 00:55:19,440 --> 00:55:20,480 PEOPLE SPEAK UP AND I THINK 1469 00:55:20,480 --> 00:55:22,360 ONE THING THAT HAS BEEN GREAT 1470 00:55:22,360 --> 00:55:24,480 TO SEE FIRSTHAND IS THE 1471 00:55:24,480 --> 00:55:26,360 CULTURE CHANGE EVIDENT AT NIH 1472 00:55:26,360 --> 00:55:28,880 AS WELL IN TERMS OF PEOPLE 1473 00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:30,400 FEELING COMFORTABLE SPEAKING 1474 00:55:30,400 --> 00:55:32,840 UP AND SPEAKING THEIR MINDS. 1475 00:55:32,840 --> 00:55:36,360 AND I THINK THAT GOES TO THE 1476 00:55:36,360 --> 00:55:38,360 LEADERSHIP BUT IT IS NOT JUST 1477 00:55:38,360 --> 00:55:39,520 THE LEADERSHIP BUT THAT YOU 1478 00:55:39,520 --> 00:55:42,840 HAVE TO SPEAK UP WHEN YOU SEE 1479 00:55:42,840 --> 00:55:43,320 SOMETHING. 1480 00:55:43,320 --> 00:55:45,080 YOU KNOW, I HAD SOMEBODY COME 1481 00:55:45,080 --> 00:55:46,440 INTO THE OFFICE AFTER SAYING 1482 00:55:46,440 --> 00:55:48,320 SOMETHING A FEW MONTHS AGO AND 1483 00:55:48,320 --> 00:55:49,560 I WAS SUPER-PROUD BECAUSE THEY 1484 00:55:49,560 --> 00:55:51,880 SAID WHAT WAS UP WITH THAT, 1485 00:55:51,880 --> 00:55:53,600 WAS THAT COOL AND IT IS 1486 00:55:53,600 --> 00:55:55,000 JUST -- YOU KNOW, I LOVE 1487 00:55:55,000 --> 00:55:56,600 HAVING AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE 1488 00:55:56,600 --> 00:55:57,960 PEOPLE CAN ACTUALLY SPEAK UP 1489 00:55:57,960 --> 00:55:59,960 AND I THINK WE'RE GETTING 1490 00:55:59,960 --> 00:56:00,400 THERE. 1491 00:56:00,400 --> 00:56:01,960 IT DOESN'T MEAN WE ARE THERE 1492 00:56:01,960 --> 00:56:05,680 YET AND I THINK COMPLACENCY IS 1493 00:56:05,680 --> 00:56:07,200 AN ENEMY HERE THINKING WE HAVE 1494 00:56:07,200 --> 00:56:08,240 ACHIEVED ANYTHING. 1495 00:56:08,240 --> 00:56:10,080 SO KEEP POUNDING AWAY AT WHAT 1496 00:56:10,080 --> 00:56:12,040 IS RIGHT AND WHAT YOU KNOW TO 1497 00:56:12,040 --> 00:56:13,520 BE TRUE. 1498 00:56:13,520 --> 00:56:17,320 DON'T ASSUME YOU ARE ANYWHERE, 1499 00:56:17,320 --> 00:56:20,720 IF YOU THINK YOU ARE AWARE AND 1500 00:56:20,720 --> 00:56:23,360 OPEN-MINDED IN GENERAL, NOT 1501 00:56:23,360 --> 00:56:27,240 SPEAKING TO YOU, Dr. 1502 00:56:27,240 --> 00:56:28,760 HADIGAN, SPEAKING TO EVERYBODY 1503 00:56:28,760 --> 00:56:30,320 AND MYSELF, TO KEEP AN OPEN 1504 00:56:30,320 --> 00:56:30,800 MIND. 1505 00:56:30,800 --> 00:56:32,640 AND WITH THAT WE HAVE TO TRY 1506 00:56:32,640 --> 00:56:34,400 TO THINK ABOUT -- WE ALL HAVE 1507 00:56:34,400 --> 00:56:36,000 FOLKS THAT WILL COME UP AND 1508 00:56:36,000 --> 00:56:39,280 WON'T BE AWARE OF THEIR OWN 1509 00:56:39,280 --> 00:56:40,240 VIEWPOINTS AND IMPLICATIONS OF 1510 00:56:40,240 --> 00:56:44,480 IT AND HOW IT MAY IMPACT 1511 00:56:44,480 --> 00:56:45,720 TRAINEES OR SOMEONE ACROSS 1512 00:56:45,720 --> 00:56:48,600 WHETHER THEIR PEERS OR THEIR 1513 00:56:48,600 --> 00:56:49,760 SPECIALTY AND THINKING ABOUT 1514 00:56:49,760 --> 00:56:51,640 REALLY WHAT MAKES THEM CLICK? 1515 00:56:51,640 --> 00:56:52,760 WHAT MAKES THEIR OPINIONS 1516 00:56:52,760 --> 00:56:56,760 DIFFERENT FROM OUR OWN? 1517 00:56:56,760 --> 00:56:59,920 AND SOMETIMES I WILL ON A NEWS 1518 00:56:59,920 --> 00:57:01,960 LEVEL SWAP AROUND AND LOOK AT 1519 00:57:01,960 --> 00:57:03,120 OTHER CHANNELS I MIGHT NOT 1520 00:57:03,120 --> 00:57:04,760 NORMALLY WATCH TO TRY TO 1521 00:57:04,760 --> 00:57:06,960 APPRECIATE WHERE PEOPLE ARE 1522 00:57:06,960 --> 00:57:07,400 COMING FROM. 1523 00:57:07,400 --> 00:57:10,000 >>AND I WILL SHARE WITH YOU 1524 00:57:10,000 --> 00:57:10,520 THIS GREAT STORY. 1525 00:57:10,520 --> 00:57:13,160 SO WHEN I WAS WORKING AS A 1526 00:57:13,160 --> 00:57:14,840 MANAGER ON THE OUTPATIENT 1527 00:57:14,840 --> 00:57:19,800 CLINIC ON O C H, ON AN APRIL 1528 00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:22,000 FOOL'S DAY, WE DID WALK IN 1529 00:57:22,000 --> 00:57:23,400 SOMEBODY ELSE'S SHOES DAY. 1530 00:57:23,400 --> 00:57:25,400 SO EVERYBODY DID ANOTHER 1531 00:57:25,400 --> 00:57:26,720 PERSON'S JOB FOR THE DAY. 1532 00:57:26,720 --> 00:57:28,200 WE MADE SURE EVERYBODY WAS 1533 00:57:28,200 --> 00:57:31,840 SAFE BUT I WORKED IN THE 1534 00:57:31,840 --> 00:57:38,240 TREATMENT ROOM DRAWING UP 1535 00:57:38,240 --> 00:57:39,040 HEPERNIZED TUBES. 1536 00:57:39,040 --> 00:57:43,440 AND Dr. LAINE WORKED AT THE 1537 00:57:43,440 --> 00:57:45,640 FRONT DESK AND WE HAD A 1538 00:57:45,640 --> 00:57:46,960 SECRETARY ROLE MODELING THE 1539 00:57:46,960 --> 00:57:50,440 ATTENDING AND IT WAS 1540 00:57:50,440 --> 00:57:51,120 REMARKABLE THE PERSPECTIVE 1541 00:57:51,120 --> 00:57:53,760 THAT HAD ON OTHER PEOPLE'S 1542 00:57:53,760 --> 00:57:55,320 ROLES WITH HOW THE CLINIC RAN 1543 00:57:55,320 --> 00:57:57,200 WHEN YOU JUST DID IT FOR A 1544 00:57:57,200 --> 00:57:58,240 MORNING, RIGHT? 1545 00:57:58,240 --> 00:58:00,680 YOU SAW IT TRULY FROM THEIR 1546 00:58:00,680 --> 00:58:01,960 PERSPECTIVE AND WE CAN 1547 00:58:01,960 --> 00:58:03,600 MENTALLY DO THAT ALL THE TIME. 1548 00:58:03,600 --> 00:58:05,920 SO STOP FOR A MOMENT AND THINK 1549 00:58:05,920 --> 00:58:07,760 WHAT DOES IT FEEL LIKE TO BE 1550 00:58:07,760 --> 00:58:09,840 THAT PERSON RIGHT NOW AND WHAT 1551 00:58:09,840 --> 00:58:11,200 THE OTHERS ARE DOING. 1552 00:58:11,200 --> 00:58:13,760 IT IS EVEN MORE IMPACTFUL WHEN 1553 00:58:13,760 --> 00:58:15,760 YOU CAN PUT THE OTHER'S SHOES 1554 00:58:15,760 --> 00:58:18,920 ON AND DO IT AND IT FEEDS A 1555 00:58:18,920 --> 00:58:20,800 SENSE OF APPRECIATION AND TEAM 1556 00:58:20,800 --> 00:58:21,600 WORK ESPECIALLY IF YOU ARE 1557 00:58:21,600 --> 00:58:23,600 TRYING TO DO TEAM-BUILDING 1558 00:58:23,600 --> 00:58:24,960 BECAUSE YOU TRULY UNDERSTAND 1559 00:58:24,960 --> 00:58:34,880 WHAT YOUR COLLEAGUES ARE 1560 00:58:34,880 --> 00:58:35,520 EXPERIENCING IN THAT GROUP 1561 00:58:35,520 --> 00:58:35,920 ENVIRONMENT. 1562 00:58:35,920 --> 00:58:36,560 SO WHEN YOU CAN DO IT SAFELY 1563 00:58:36,560 --> 00:58:37,160 AND FUN, IT -- AND APRIL 1564 00:58:37,160 --> 00:58:38,320 FOOL'S DAY IS COMING UP SO YOU 1565 00:58:38,320 --> 00:58:40,160 COULD DO IT COMING UP. 1566 00:58:40,160 --> 00:58:42,680 >>IT IS BEING ARM AND ARM AND 1567 00:58:42,680 --> 00:58:46,640 TAKING IT ON A BROADER 1568 00:58:46,640 --> 00:58:48,200 PERSPECTIVE ON WHATEVER OUR 1569 00:58:48,200 --> 00:58:49,120 GOALS AND OUR MISSION IS. 1570 00:58:49,120 --> 00:58:51,640 SO THANK YOU TO YOUR 1571 00:58:51,640 --> 00:58:54,800 LEADERSHIP, THANKS TO JOCELYNE 1572 00:58:54,800 --> 00:58:56,800 AND AMY FOR CONTRIBUTING 1573 00:58:56,800 --> 00:58:57,080 TODAY. 1574 00:58:57,080 --> 00:58:58,200 ANY LAST-MINUTE QUESTIONS OR 1575 00:58:58,200 --> 00:58:58,560 COMMENTS? 1576 00:58:58,560 --> 00:58:59,520 AWESOME, THEN IT IS A WRAP. 1577 00:58:59,520 --> 00:59:01,400 THANK YOU SO MUCH, COLLEEN. 1578 00:59:01,400 --> 00:59:02,720 WE APPRECIATE IT YOU, THANKS 1579 00:59:02,720 --> 00:59:04,200 FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP AND 1580 00:59:04,200 --> 00:59:10,320 REMEMBER OUR NEXT SERIES HERE, 1581 00:59:10,320 --> 00:59:11,920 APRIL4TH, THERESE WILL BE 1582 00:59:11,920 --> 00:59:18,880 SPEAK OINK ING ON A LEAKY 1583 00:59:18,880 --> 00:59:20,400 PIPELINE, A FASCINATING TOPIC 1584 00:59:20,400 --> 00:59:23,240 AND THEN IN MAY, WE WILL HAVE 1585 00:59:23,240 --> 00:59:25,000 ANOTHER SPEAKER ON VOICE AND 1586 00:59:25,000 --> 00:59:29,080 SOUND AI, WHAT IT MEANS TO GO 1587 00:59:29,080 --> 00:59:30,880 FROM SPEECH PATHOLOGY TO DATA 1588 00:59:30,880 --> 00:59:32,880 SCIENTIST TO RUNNING A HUGE 1589 00:59:32,880 --> 00:59:33,960 MULTIENTER EFFORT. 1590 00:59:33,960 --> 00:59:35,920 AND THEN UPCOMING TOPICS IN 1591 00:59:35,920 --> 00:59:38,320 THE FUTURE, ACADEMY TO 1592 00:59:38,320 --> 00:59:39,600 RADIOLOGY RESEARCH EXECUTIVE 1593 00:59:39,600 --> 00:59:41,200 DIRECTOR SOCIETY OF 1594 00:59:41,200 --> 00:59:42,280 INTERVENTIONAL CON COLLING 1595 00:59:42,280 --> 00:59:44,840 LEADERSHIP AND SOME OF OUR OWN 1596 00:59:44,840 --> 00:59:46,920 INTERNAL WORKS ON PORTRAITURE 1597 00:59:46,920 --> 00:59:55,480 AND WHAT THE IMPACT OF 1598 00:59:55,480 --> 00:59:55,960 PORTRAITURE IS. 1599 00:59:55,960 --> 00:59:57,480 SO LOOK FORWARD TO THOSE, HAVE 1600 00:59:57,480 --> 00:59:59,600 A GREAT DAY EVERYBODY AND 1601 00:59:59,600 --> 01:00:00,000 HAPPY SPRING. 1602 01:00:00,000 --> 01:00:00,200 >>THANKS, BRAD, THANKS, 1603 01:00:00,200 --> 00:00:00,000 EVERYBODY.