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OKAY.

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GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.

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WELCOME TO DAY TWO OF THE NIH 

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DIRECTOR'S ADVISORY COMMITTEE 

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MEETING.

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AND WITHOUT FURTHER ADO, I THINK

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WE WILL MARCH RIGHT INTO OUR 

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AGENDA FOR EVERYONE.

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OUR FIRST ITEM IS AN UPDATE ON 

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THE CANCER MOONSHOT BY NCI 

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KIMRYN RATHMELL.

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LET ME GAVEL US BACK IN.

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>> FANTASTIC.

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THANK YOU.

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IT IS GREAT TO BE HERE.

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I'M EXCITED TO GIVE YOU THIS 

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PRESENTATION ON THE CANCER MO

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MOONSHOT EFFORTS.

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I WANT TO SAY FIRST THIS 

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OVERVIEW WILL SHOW YOU HOW WE'VE

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LEVERAGED THE CARES ACT FUNDING 

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AND THE FULL POWER OF MOONSHOT 

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AS WELL AS A BROAD OVERVIEW OF 

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THE CANCER PROGRAM.

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THIS INFUSION PROVIDED THE AXEL 

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RANT TO TAKE A READY AND 

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EXCITING SUBSTRATE AND INDEED 

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SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCH A TRIP TO 

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THE MOON AND BACK.

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THERE WON'T BE TOO MANY OF THOSE

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PUNS.

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THE SPACE PROGRAM DEVELOPED A 

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DEEPER UNDERSTANDING AND 

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BROADENED OUR CAPABILITIES IN 

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UNIMAGINABLE WAYS.

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WE ARE NOW AS A CANCER INSTITUTE

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STRONGLY POSITIONED TO TAKE 

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CANCER RESEARCH FURTHER AND TAKE

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SUCCESSES TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE

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IN WAYS NEVER IMAGINED.

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THIS INVESTMENT HAS PAID OFF IN 

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MASSIVE DIVIDENDS IN A VERY 

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SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.

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WITH SO MUCH MORE ON THIS 

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HORIZON AS WE'LL DISCUSS.

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TO GET STARTED, BY 2016 ROBUST 

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INVESTMENTS IN THE NATIONAL 

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CANCER INSTITUTE AND BRAZIL 

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YANTD WORK ACROSS THE CANCER 

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COMMUNITY HAD PRODUCED 

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EXTRAORDINARY EXPERIENCES THAT 

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CHANGED THE OUTLOOK FOR MILLIONS

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OF PEOPLE AT RISK FOR OR LIVING 

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WITH CANCER IN THE UNITED 

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STATES.

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THE FIRST TARGETED THERAPIES 

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WERE EMERGING, BRINGING 

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MUCH-NEEDED AND MORE SELECTIVE 

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OPTIONS COMPARED TO CHEMOTHERAPY

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AND RADIATION.

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IMMUNOTHERAPY WAS JUST IN OUR 

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IMAGINATION AND JUST STARTING TO

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APPEAR.

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SO MANY OF THE MILLIONS OF 

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PEOPLE DIAGNOSED ADVANCES WERE 

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NOT COMING FAST ENOUGH TO GIVE 

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THEM HOPE AND IMPROVE QUALITY OF

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LIFE.

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THANKS FOR THE BODY OF EXPERTISE

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TO FULFILL THIS PROMISE.

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THE CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 

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FUNDED BY NCI JUST NEEDED THE 

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RIGHT SPARK TO WORK IN BIGGER 

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AND BOLDER WAYS.

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THE CANCER MOONSHOT WAS THE SHOT

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THAT PRESIDENT OBAMA GAVE US A 

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DECADES WORTH OF PROGRESS IN 

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JUST FIVE YEARS AND PRESIDENT 

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BIDEN BROAD BROADER COLLECTIVE 

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ACTION TO THE FIELD.

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THE CANCER MOONSHOT IS A 

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TRANSFORMATIONAL STORY DPEARNS 

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SCIENCE, ROCKET TO THE FINAL 

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FRONTIER WHERE WE END CANCER AS 

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WE KNOW IT.

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I PLAN TO FOCUS ON THAT STORY 

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AND HOW IT SHAPED INCREDIBLE 

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ADVANCES AND PROGRESS FOR TODAY.

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THE WAY THIS ALL STARTED WITH A 

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RAPID ACCELERATION WAS TO BRING 

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TOGETHER A PANEL OF EXPERTS AND 

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ASK THEM WHERE CRITICAL GAPS LIE

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THAT COULD BE ADDRESSED THROUGH 

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AN INFUSION OF FUNDING.

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THIS GROUP, A BLUE RIBBON PANEL 

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BROUGHT FORWARD THREE BROAD 

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GOALS.

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NUMBER ONE, GENERATE NEW 

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KNOWLEDGE.

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THAT WAS OUR CORE, WHEN WE THINK

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ABOUT OUR FOUNDATION IT IS 

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GENERATING KNOWLEDGE THAT 

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ADVANCES CANCER.

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THAT WAS TRULY ACCELERATED.

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THE SECOND BROAD GOAL WAS 

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ENHANCING COLLABORATION.

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YOU WILL SEE A NUMBER OF WAYS 

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THAT WAS REALIZED.

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AND IN 2016 THIS WAS A TIME WHEN

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DATA WAS REALLY COMING TO THE 

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FORE AND IMPROVING DATA SHARING.

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I WON'T WALK THROUGH ALL OF THE 

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RECOMMENDATIONS HERE BECAUSE I'M

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GOING TO TAKE YOU THROUGH EACH 

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OF THEM ONE BY ONE.

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WHAT YOU'LL SEE IS PANEL OF 10 

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RECOMMENDATIONS THAT ALLOWED US 

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TO MOVE THE FIELD IN A WAY THAT 

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IS TRULY TRANSFORMATIVE.

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THIS IS WHAT THE MOONSHOT LOOKED

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LIKE FINANCIALLY.

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IN 2017, THERE WAS AN INFUSION 

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OF $300 MILLION LIKE THE 

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ACCELERATION AS YOU GAIN 

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LIFTOFF, THERE WAS AN INCREASE 

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TO $400 MILLION IN 2019 AS THE 

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PROGRAM STABILIZE THE FUNDING 

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WAS, AS YOU CAN SEE, CLOSE TO 

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$200 MILLION OVER THE NEXT FOUR 

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YEARS AND THEN COMPLETED AND WAS

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COMPLETED IN 2024.

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ONE OF THE ADVANTAGES OF THIS 

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FUNDING IS IT OFFERED MULTIYEAR 

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AUTHORITY, ALLOWED US TO PLAN 

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FOR PROGRAMS THAT MIGHT TAKE 

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ADDITIONAL TIME.

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SO WE CONTINUE TO HAVE SOME 

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FUNDED MOONSHOT PROGRAMS.

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THAT WILL CONTINUE PROBABLY FOR 

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ABOUT THE NEXT YEAR BEFORE THE 

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FULL EXTENT OF THOSE FUNDS ARE 

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COMPLETED.

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BUT IT ALLOWED US TO THINK MORE 

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LONGITUDINALLY FOR SOME OF OUR 

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PROJECTS.

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THE MOONSHOT, I'M GOING TO TALK 

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THROUGH THE WORK THAT HAPPENED 

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IN THOSE FIRST FEW YEARS OF THE 

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MOONSHOT, BUT THEN WITH THE WORK

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THAT CAME BROUGHT US TO 

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PRESIDENT BIDEN AND FIRST LADY 

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JILL BIDEN'S CANCER MOONSHOT.

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THIS IS A REAL TRANSFORMATION IN

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MENTALITY.

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ASKING US TO SET REAL GOALS.

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I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT WHERE WE

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HAD ADVANCES IN SCIENCE, 

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ADVANCES IN CLINICAL CARE, 

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ADVANCES IN PREVENTION AS WELL 

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AS TREATMENT.

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THAT SET THE STAGE WHERE WE WERE

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READY TO BE ABLE TO SET REAL 

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GOALS.

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THESE GOALS REDUCING U.S. CANCER

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MORTALITY BY 50% BY 2047 AND 

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IMPROVE THE EXPERIENCE OF PEOPLE

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AND THEIR FEAMGS LIVING WITH AND

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SURVIVING CANCER.

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-- FAMILIES LIVING WITH AND 

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SURVIVING CANCER.

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THEY SPEAK TO OUR FOUNDATION.

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WHAT WE ARE HERE TO DO IS REDUCE

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CANCER MORTALITY, REDUCE THE 

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BURDEN OF CANCER OF PEOPLE IN 

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THE UNITED STATES.

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THE ADVANCES IN THE LAST 30 

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YEARS FROM RESEARCH AND 

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DISCOVERY SCIENCE, NEW THERAPIES

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HAVE ALREADY REDUCED CANCER 

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MORTALITY BY 30% OVER THE LAST 

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30 YEARS.

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WE DO HAVE TO DO MORE TO ACHIEVE

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50% IN 25 YEARS.

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AND IT GETS HARDER AS WE REALLY 

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TAKE THESE FINAL STEPS IN MAKING

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CANCER A DISEASE THAT WE CAN 

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CONTROL.

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BUT WE HAVE NEW TOOLS WE'LL 

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DESCRIBE HERE IN A MINUTE THAT 

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WILL TAKE US THERE.

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THE OTHER PART OF IMPROVING THE 

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EXPERIENCE OF PEOPLE AND THEIR 

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FAMILIES LIVING WITH AND 

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SURVIVING CANCER ALSO SPEAKS TO 

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THE TRANSFORMATION THAT HAPPENED

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IN THE FIRST FIVE YEARS AROUND 

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ENGAGING THE PUBLIC, TAKING 

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PATIENT EXPERIENCE INTO 

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PERSPECTIVE AND REALLY WHAT WE 

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AIM TO DO, WHICH IS TO MAKE THIS

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A BETTER EXPERIENCE FOR PEOPLE.

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THE OTHER REALLY IMPORTANT PART 

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OF THE REIGNITED CANCER MOON 

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SHOT WAS THE FORMATION OF THE 

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CANCER CABINET AND THE 

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EXPECTATION THAT ALL OF 

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GOVERNMENT WOULD BE INVOLVED IN 

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ADDRESSING THIS.

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THIS IS NOT AN NCI ONLY PROBLEM.

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CANCER TOUCHES LITERALLY EVERY 

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AMERICAN IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER.

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AND SO IT IS A PROBLEM THAT IS 

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REALLY REQUIRING THE FULL 

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ATTENTION OF THE GOVERNMENT.

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THE WHOLE OF GOVERNMENT TO 

216
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UNLEASH ALL OF OUR POWER AND 

217
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JURISDICTIONS IS AN OPEN DOOR 

218
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THAT ALLOWED US TO ACCELERATE 

219
00:08:16,596 --> 00:08:17,497
EVEN FURTHER.

220
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THE NEXT SLIDE JUST SHOWS SOME 

221
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OF THE AGENCIES THAT WE NOW VERY

222
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ACTIVELY PARTNER WITH.

223
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WE HAD ALWAYS HAD GOOD 

224
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COLLABORATIONS WITH THESE 

225
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ORGANIZATIONS, BUT WITH THE 

226
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CREATION OF THE CANCER CABINET 

227
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AND THE EXPECTATION WE ARE ALL 

228
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ON ONE TEAM IT HAS REALLY 

229
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ALLOWED TREMENDOUS RESURGENCE IN

230
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RESEARCH, FOR EXAMPLE, THAT 

231
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UTILIZES THE DEPARTMENT OF 

232
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DEFENSE AND THE VA EXPERTISE, 

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LEVERAGES WHAT THE DEPARTMENT OF

234
00:08:50,630 --> 00:08:53,066
ENERGY HAS TO OFFER, PARTNERS 

235
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WITH THE CDC WHERE CANCERS ARE 

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EMERGING IN DIFFERENT WAYS.

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UNDERSTANDING HOW THE 

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ENVIRONMENT CONTRIBUTES TO 

239
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CANCER WITH PARTNERSHIPS WITH 

240
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THE EPA AND I WILL SPEAK WWF 

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SPECIFIC WAYS WORK WITH THE FDA 

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ACCELERATED THE WORK THAT WE DO.

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NOW I'M GOING TO WALK THROUGH 

244
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THOSE BLUE RIBBON PANEL 

245
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RECOMMENDATIONS AND GIVE YOU A 

246
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HIGH LEVEL SUMMARY WITH SOME 

247
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EXAMPLES OF HOW THESE 

248
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RECOMMENDATIONS WERE REALIZED IN

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THIS REALLY VERY SHORT PERIOD OF

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TIME.

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THIS WAS JUST AN EYE CHART.

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JUST TO LET YOU KNOW I'M SHOWING

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YOU SOME EXAMPLES, SOME PIECES 

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THAT ARE REPRESENTATIVE.

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THIS IS A SLIDE THAT WE LIKE TO 

256
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SHOW PARTLY SO WE KEEP TRACK OF 

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THE MOVING PIECES S PROJECTS, 

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PROGRAMS AND COORDINATING 

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CENTERS AND PIECES TO THE 

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MOONSHOT.

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EACH IS LINKED BACK TO THE BLUE 

262
00:09:57,864 --> 00:09:58,731
RIBBON PANEL RECOMMENDATIONS.

263
00:09:58,731 --> 00:10:00,567
SO LET'S JUST START WITH NUMBER 

264
00:10:00,567 --> 00:10:00,733
ONE.

265
00:10:00,733 --> 00:10:02,969
I WILL SAY FIRST THESE ARE NOT 

266
00:10:02,969 --> 00:10:06,673
RANKED BY PRIORITY.

267
00:10:06,673 --> 00:10:11,110
THEY ARE ALL IMPORTANT AND IS 

268
00:10:11,110 --> 00:10:13,446
THERE ARE CROSS CUTTING PIECES 

269
00:10:13,446 --> 00:10:17,050
IN EACH PART OF THESE BLUE 

270
00:10:17,050 --> 00:10:17,917
RIBBON PANEL RECOMMENDATIONS.

271
00:10:17,917 --> 00:10:19,652
FIRST, ESTABLISHING A NETWORK 

272
00:10:19,652 --> 00:10:20,987
FOR DIRECT PATIENT ENGAGEMENT.

273
00:10:20,987 --> 00:10:28,495
THIS IS A REAL TRANSITION TO 

274
00:10:28,495 --> 00:10:30,430
ENCOURAGE AND DEMAND THAT WE 

275
00:10:30,430 --> 00:10:32,398
WORK VERY CLOSELY WITH PATIENTS 

276
00:10:32,398 --> 00:10:34,400
TO HAVE THEIR OPINIONS ENGAGED 

277
00:10:34,400 --> 00:10:36,669
IN THE SCIENTIFIC WORK THAT WE 

278
00:10:36,669 --> 00:10:36,836
DO.

279
00:10:36,836 --> 00:10:38,238
THAT HAS BEEN HARDER TO DO IN 

280
00:10:38,238 --> 00:10:40,373
THE PAST, BUT IS NOW VERY MUCH A

281
00:10:40,373 --> 00:10:42,575
PART OF OUR NORMAL CULTURAL 

282
00:10:42,575 --> 00:10:42,876
ECOSYSTEM.

283
00:10:42,876 --> 00:10:44,611
I KNOW YOU HEARD A LOT ABOUT 

284
00:10:44,611 --> 00:10:47,113
THAT YESTERDAY IN THE VARIOUS 

285
00:10:47,113 --> 00:10:49,249
PRESENTATIONS ABOUT HOW MUCH 

286
00:10:49,249 --> 00:10:52,385
PATIENTS AND ADVOCATE INPUT CAN 

287
00:10:52,385 --> 00:10:54,387
REALLY INFORM, ENRICH AND 

288
00:10:54,387 --> 00:10:56,022
ACCELERATE OUR SCIENCE.

289
00:10:56,022 --> 00:10:58,291
THIS IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE.

290
00:10:58,291 --> 00:11:01,528
IT IS A PARTICIPANT ENGAGEMENT 

291
00:11:01,528 --> 00:11:04,597
AND CANCER GENOME SEQUENCING 

292
00:11:04,597 --> 00:11:06,266
NETWORK.

293
00:11:06,266 --> 00:11:10,336
PECGS, WE LIKE OUR ACRONYMS.

294
00:11:10,336 --> 00:11:13,606
A NETWORK TO DEVELOP 

295
00:11:13,606 --> 00:11:17,710
PARTNERSHIPS WITH PATIENTS 

296
00:11:17,710 --> 00:11:18,878
ADVANCING STUDIES PARTICULARLY 

297
00:11:18,878 --> 00:11:20,113
IN RARE PATIENT POPULATIONS 

298
00:11:20,113 --> 00:11:21,614
BECAUSE OF THE DISEASE OR 

299
00:11:21,614 --> 00:11:23,650
SEGMENT OF THE POPULATION AND TO

300
00:11:23,650 --> 00:11:25,351
UNDERSTAND HOW THOSE WERE 

301
00:11:25,351 --> 00:11:26,853
RECEIVE AND INTERPRETED BY 

302
00:11:26,853 --> 00:11:28,054
PATIENTS SO WE COULD DETERMINE 

303
00:11:28,054 --> 00:11:29,956
BEST PRACTICES FOR HOW WE 

304
00:11:29,956 --> 00:11:30,423
ENGAGE.

305
00:11:30,423 --> 00:11:35,428
IF YOU THINK BACK TO 2015, 2016 

306
00:11:35,428 --> 00:11:37,530
EN, WHEN THIS WAS ALL STARTED IT

307
00:11:37,530 --> 00:11:40,767
WAS FAIRLY UNCOMMON TO DO A 

308
00:11:40,767 --> 00:11:42,435
LARGE PANEL GENETIC TEST ON A 

309
00:11:42,435 --> 00:11:43,970
PATIENT'S TUMOR.

310
00:11:43,970 --> 00:11:48,207
IT WAS ALMOST UNHEARD OF TO DO 

311
00:11:48,207 --> 00:11:51,077
WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING.

312
00:11:51,077 --> 00:11:53,012
THOSE ARE THINGS WE DO ROUTINELY

313
00:11:53,012 --> 00:11:54,781
TODAY AND WE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN

314
00:11:54,781 --> 00:11:56,049
READY TO OFFER THOSE, TO 

315
00:11:56,049 --> 00:11:58,217
UNDERSTAND THE BEST PRACTICES TO

316
00:11:58,217 --> 00:12:00,053
BE ABLE TO INTERFACE WITH 

317
00:12:00,053 --> 00:12:01,854
PATIENTS HAD WE NOT TAKEN THIS 

318
00:12:01,854 --> 00:12:06,960
STEP VERY EARLY ON.

319
00:12:06,960 --> 00:12:09,429
THIS IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF 

320
00:12:09,429 --> 00:12:10,630
NETWORKS FOR DIRECT PATIENT 

321
00:12:10,630 --> 00:12:11,130
ENGAGEMENT.

322
00:12:11,130 --> 00:12:13,900
MY PART, MY PEDIATRIC AND ADULT 

323
00:12:13,900 --> 00:12:17,537
RARE TUMOR NETWORK BRINGS 

324
00:12:17,537 --> 00:12:18,338
PATIENTS TOGETHER WHO EXPERIENCE

325
00:12:18,338 --> 00:12:19,505
RARE TUMORS.

326
00:12:19,505 --> 00:12:21,708
MUCH OF OUR ACTIVITY BY 

327
00:12:21,708 --> 00:12:23,443
NECESSITY HAS FOCUSED ON THE 

328
00:12:23,443 --> 00:12:27,113
MORE COMMON TUMORS, BUT MANY 

329
00:12:27,113 --> 00:12:32,218
TUMORS OCCUR IN FEWER THAN 

330
00:12:32,218 --> 00:12:33,720
40,000 PATIENTS PER YEAR, BEING 

331
00:12:33,720 --> 00:12:34,854
ABLE TO CONNECT THESE PATIENTS 

332
00:12:34,854 --> 00:12:37,523
SO THEY CAN IDENTIFY THE RIGHT 

333
00:12:37,523 --> 00:12:38,424
PROVIDERS, THE RIGHT TREATMENTS 

334
00:12:38,424 --> 00:12:40,560
TO LEARN WHAT THE FOUNDATIONAL 

335
00:12:40,560 --> 00:12:42,495
COMPONENTS OF THEIR DISEASES ARE

336
00:12:42,495 --> 00:12:43,963
IS REALLY ESSENTIAL AND REQUIRES

337
00:12:43,963 --> 00:12:46,299
THAT LEVEL OF COMMUNITY OUTREACH

338
00:12:46,299 --> 00:12:48,001
AND HAS BEEN A VERY SUCCESSFUL 

339
00:12:48,001 --> 00:12:50,637
PROGRAM.

340
00:12:50,637 --> 00:12:53,239
ANOTHER PROGRAM SIMILAR TO MY 

341
00:12:53,239 --> 00:12:55,642
PART FOCUS ON BUILDING A NETWORK

342
00:12:55,642 --> 00:12:58,144
FOR RARE BRAIN AND SPINE TUMORS.

343
00:12:58,144 --> 00:12:59,245
SO NCI CONNECT.

344
00:12:59,245 --> 00:13:01,147
IT WAS PARTNERSHIPS TO BRING 

345
00:13:01,147 --> 00:13:03,750
TOGETHER PATIENTS AND PROVIDERS 

346
00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:06,219
AROUND RARE BRAIN AND SPINE 

347
00:13:06,219 --> 00:13:07,987
TUMOR NETWORKS AND HAS LED TO 

348
00:13:07,987 --> 00:13:09,822
SOME TREMENDOUS DISCOVERIES, ONE

349
00:13:09,822 --> 00:13:13,559
OF WHICH I WILL TALK ABOUT LATER

350
00:13:13,559 --> 00:13:16,529
IN THE TALK.

351
00:13:16,529 --> 00:13:18,297
THE SECOND RECOMMENDATION WAS 

352
00:13:18,297 --> 00:13:19,899
CREATING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 

353
00:13:19,899 --> 00:13:24,604
NETWORK DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO 

354
00:13:24,604 --> 00:13:24,937
IMMUNOTHERAPY.

355
00:13:24,937 --> 00:13:26,939
AGAIN, IF YOU THINK BACK TO 

356
00:13:26,939 --> 00:13:28,775
2015, THE FIRST IMMUNOTHERAPIES 

357
00:13:28,775 --> 00:13:34,514
WERE BEING APPROVED.

358
00:13:34,514 --> 00:13:37,850
THE FIRST IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR 

359
00:13:37,850 --> 00:13:44,190
MELANOMA WAS THE END OF 2017.

360
00:13:44,190 --> 00:13:46,225
SMALL LUNG CELL CANCER CAME OUT 

361
00:13:46,225 --> 00:13:46,993
IN 2015.

362
00:13:46,993 --> 00:13:53,933
WE KNEW THERE WAS A GLIMMER OF 

363
00:13:53,933 --> 00:13:54,300
HOPE.

364
00:13:54,300 --> 00:13:56,235
IT WAS PRESCIENT TO SAY WE 

365
00:13:56,235 --> 00:13:59,439
NEEDED NETWORKS TO TACKLE 

366
00:13:59,439 --> 00:14:00,406
IMMUNOTHERAPY.

367
00:14:00,406 --> 00:14:03,109
THE CANCER MOONSHOT SUPPORTED A 

368
00:14:03,109 --> 00:14:05,578
VARIETY OF VERY FOCUSED 

369
00:14:05,578 --> 00:14:05,845
NETWORKS.

370
00:14:05,845 --> 00:14:10,416
I HAVE SOME EXAMPLES.

371
00:14:10,416 --> 00:14:13,853
IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY TRANSLATION 

372
00:14:13,853 --> 00:14:15,121
NETWORK, CELLULAR MONITORING 

373
00:14:15,121 --> 00:14:18,691
LOOKING AT THE MICROENVIRONMENT,

374
00:14:18,691 --> 00:14:21,861
A NETWORK THAT USES CANINE MODEL

375
00:14:21,861 --> 00:14:24,664
SYSTEMS TO UNDERSTAND HOW 

376
00:14:24,664 --> 00:14:26,933
IMMUNOTHERAPY COULD WORK BEST.

377
00:14:26,933 --> 00:14:28,701
THESE BROUGHT LIKE-MINDED 

378
00:14:28,701 --> 00:14:29,936
INVESTIGATORS TOGETHER TO 

379
00:14:29,936 --> 00:14:32,939
ELIMINATE REDUNDANCY, BE ABLE TO

380
00:14:32,939 --> 00:14:35,141
WORK TOGETHER TO MAKE THE REAL 

381
00:14:35,141 --> 00:14:37,110
ADVANCES THAT WOULD TAKE 

382
00:14:37,110 --> 00:14:39,112
IMMUNOTHERAPY TO THE PLACE WHERE

383
00:14:39,112 --> 00:14:47,620
IT IS TODAY.

384
00:14:47,620 --> 00:14:49,655
THIS IS JUST SOME NUMBERS.

385
00:14:49,655 --> 00:14:51,057
IN THE TIME SINCE THE INITIATION

386
00:14:51,057 --> 00:15:01,601
OF THE MOONSHOT WE HAVE SEEN 85 

387
00:15:02,168 --> 00:15:05,872
ANTI-P.D-1 ANTI-FDA APPROVALS.

388
00:15:05,872 --> 00:15:11,110
THAT IS FOR 22 IN NONSMALL CELL 

389
00:15:11,110 --> 00:15:13,346
LUNG CANCER.

390
00:15:13,346 --> 00:15:16,249
SO THESE DRUGS ARE FINDING NEW 

391
00:15:16,249 --> 00:15:20,486
WAYS TO ADDRESS THESE CANCERS 

392
00:15:20,486 --> 00:15:24,023
IN -- THAT CAN MOVE US CLOSER 

393
00:15:24,023 --> 00:15:26,392
AND CLOSER TO TREATING PATIENTS 

394
00:15:26,392 --> 00:15:28,461
AT THE EARLY STAGES SO WE NEVER 

395
00:15:28,461 --> 00:15:31,597
HAVE TO GET TO THE LATER STAGES.

396
00:15:31,597 --> 00:15:37,937
WE HAVE SEEN 39 NON-PD-1/L1 

397
00:15:37,937 --> 00:15:39,238
IMMUNO ONCOLOGY FDA APPROVALS IN

398
00:15:39,238 --> 00:15:40,673
16 CANCER TYPES.

399
00:15:40,673 --> 00:15:46,078
13 IN NONHODGKINS LYMPHOMA AND 

400
00:15:46,078 --> 00:15:50,016
T-CELLS WERE ON THE VERGE OF 

401
00:15:50,016 --> 00:15:51,083
SEEING VACCINES FOR CANCER 

402
00:15:51,083 --> 00:15:51,450
APPROVED.

403
00:15:51,450 --> 00:15:55,454
SO THIS AREA HAS JUST EXPLODED.

404
00:15:55,454 --> 00:15:58,491
I TALKED BEFORE ABOUT THE 

405
00:15:58,491 --> 00:16:04,497
NETWORK FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY IN 

406
00:16:04,497 --> 00:16:05,498
FOCUSED AREAS.

407
00:16:05,498 --> 00:16:07,967
IT IS EXCITING TO SEE LARGE 

408
00:16:07,967 --> 00:16:11,838
PROGRAMS NOT DIRECTED BY THE 

409
00:16:11,838 --> 00:16:18,377
NCI, SITAC, A VERY SMALL 

410
00:16:18,377 --> 00:16:19,912
ORGANIZATION AND TODAY LARGE 

411
00:16:19,912 --> 00:16:20,146
NUMBERS.

412
00:16:20,146 --> 00:16:21,614
WE ARE A PARTNERING INSTITUTION 

413
00:16:21,614 --> 00:16:23,583
SO IT TAKES THE ENGAGEMENT 

414
00:16:23,583 --> 00:16:24,984
ACROSS MANY DIFFERENT PARTS TO 

415
00:16:24,984 --> 00:16:27,920
BE ABLE TO MAKE THE INROADS WE 

416
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,690
HAVE SEEN IN IMMUNOTHERAPY 

417
00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:32,225
TODAY.

418
00:16:32,225 --> 00:16:34,093
THIS HAS ALSO ALLOWED US TO TAKE

419
00:16:34,093 --> 00:16:38,331
THESE NETWORKS TO UNDERSERVED 

420
00:16:38,331 --> 00:16:38,898
POPULATIONS.

421
00:16:38,898 --> 00:16:41,968
A REALLY NOTABLE ONE IS 

422
00:16:41,968 --> 00:16:42,635
PEDIATRIC CANCERS.

423
00:16:42,635 --> 00:16:44,904
THEY ARE VERY RARE TUMORS AND 

424
00:16:44,904 --> 00:16:53,479
MANY PEDIATRIC CANCERS, BUT NOT 

425
00:16:53,479 --> 00:16:57,583
MANY IN NUMB.

426
00:16:57,583 --> 00:17:01,854
THE PEDIATRIC IMMUNOTHERAPY 

427
00:17:01,854 --> 00:17:03,122
NETWORK BROUGHT TO OUR MOST 

428
00:17:03,122 --> 00:17:09,896
DIFFICULT CANCERS.

429
00:17:09,896 --> 00:17:12,698
THIS IS THE STORY THAT I 

430
00:17:12,698 --> 00:17:13,032
REFERENCED.

431
00:17:13,032 --> 00:17:20,273
JUST PUBLISHED LAST MONTH IN 

432
00:17:20,273 --> 00:17:20,539
"NATURE."

433
00:17:20,539 --> 00:17:24,911
BOTH SPEAKS TO BRINGING TOGETHER

434
00:17:24,911 --> 00:17:30,683
POPULATIONS AND THE NETWORKS OF 

435
00:17:30,683 --> 00:17:32,985
IMMUNO THERAPY TO BRING NOVEL 

436
00:17:32,985 --> 00:17:36,656
IMMUNO THERAPY TO RARE PEDIATRIC

437
00:17:36,656 --> 00:17:37,790
TUMORS.

438
00:17:37,790 --> 00:17:41,093
DIPG IS A VERY AGGRESSIVE 

439
00:17:41,093 --> 00:17:43,429
PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR THAT 

440
00:17:43,429 --> 00:17:45,598
OCCURS IN KIDS IN THE LATE 

441
00:17:45,598 --> 00:17:48,034
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE RANGE.

442
00:17:48,034 --> 00:17:49,702
MEDIAN SURVIVAL 11 MONTHS.

443
00:17:49,702 --> 00:17:52,605
10% OF PATIENTS SURVIVE AFTER 

444
00:17:52,605 --> 00:17:53,072
DIAGNOSIS.

445
00:17:53,072 --> 00:17:55,808
THIS HAS ALWAYS BEEN ONE OF THE 

446
00:17:55,808 --> 00:17:56,509
DREADED DISEASE FOR KIDS WITH 

447
00:17:56,509 --> 00:18:02,248
BRAIN TUMORS.

448
00:18:02,248 --> 00:18:04,250
THIS CAR T RF CELL THERAPY 

449
00:18:04,250 --> 00:18:05,818
FUNDED BY THE NCI PUSH LISHED ON

450
00:18:05,818 --> 00:18:08,254
A DECENT SIZE NUMBER OF PATIENTS

451
00:18:08,254 --> 00:18:12,425
FOR SUCH A RARE DISEASE AND 

452
00:18:12,425 --> 00:18:15,561
SHOWED THERAPY SHRANK TUMORS FOR

453
00:18:15,561 --> 00:18:17,229
A DURABLE PERIOD OF TIME IN 

454
00:18:17,229 --> 00:18:18,698
THESE PATIENTS.

455
00:18:18,698 --> 00:18:20,232
THIS IS TREMENDOUSLY EXCITING 

456
00:18:20,232 --> 00:18:22,268
AND A REAL ADVANCE FOR AN 

457
00:18:22,268 --> 00:18:25,338
IMPORTANT GROUP OF PATIENTS.

458
00:18:25,338 --> 00:18:26,405
THE THIRD RECOMMENDATION WAS TO 

459
00:18:26,405 --> 00:18:28,374
DEVELOP WAYS TO OVERCOME 

460
00:18:28,374 --> 00:18:31,110
CANCER'S RESISTANCE TO THERAPY.

461
00:18:31,110 --> 00:18:33,779
WE KNOW THAT THIS IS WHERE WE 

462
00:18:33,779 --> 00:18:35,014
ULTIMATELY LOSE PATIENTS IS WHEN

463
00:18:35,014 --> 00:18:37,083
OUR THERAPIES START TO FAIL.

464
00:18:37,083 --> 00:18:39,118
WE CAN LEARN AS WE HAVE MORE 

465
00:18:39,118 --> 00:18:42,688
OPTIONS OF WHAT WE CAN COMBINE, 

466
00:18:42,688 --> 00:18:43,923
COMBINING DIFFERENT CANCER DRUGS

467
00:18:43,923 --> 00:18:45,491
TOGETHER, UNDERSTANDING HOW WE 

468
00:18:45,491 --> 00:18:47,426
PUT THOSE PIECES TOGETHER, 

469
00:18:47,426 --> 00:18:49,095
KEEPING CANCER DRUGS INSIDE 

470
00:18:49,095 --> 00:18:49,495
CELLS.

471
00:18:49,495 --> 00:18:50,830
CELLS HAVE GOOD WAYS OF 

472
00:18:50,830 --> 00:18:54,700
EXTRUDING THEM.

473
00:18:54,700 --> 00:18:55,868
ERASING REVERSIBLE 

474
00:18:55,868 --> 00:18:57,903
MODIFICATIONS.

475
00:18:57,903 --> 00:18:59,271
ALTERING THE TUMOR 

476
00:18:59,271 --> 00:19:00,773
MICROENVIRONMENT AND TESTING 

477
00:19:00,773 --> 00:19:01,574
THOSE COMBINATIONS.

478
00:19:01,574 --> 00:19:03,909
THIS HAPPENS IN THE LABORATORY.

479
00:19:03,909 --> 00:19:07,146
THIS IS PARTLY UNDERSTANDING THE

480
00:19:07,146 --> 00:19:09,382
BASIC SCIENCE, THAT UNDERLIES 

481
00:19:09,382 --> 00:19:11,484
HOW WE CAN OVERCOME RESISTANCE.

482
00:19:11,484 --> 00:19:14,186
THIS HAPPENS IN THE CLINIC.

483
00:19:14,186 --> 00:19:15,721
AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE CANCER 

484
00:19:15,721 --> 00:19:18,557
MOONSHOT WAS CREATED IF NRK FORM

485
00:19:18,557 --> 00:19:20,593
LARRY A PUBLIC-PRIVATE 

486
00:19:20,593 --> 00:19:24,697
PARTNERSHIP THAT ALLOWS FOR 

487
00:19:24,697 --> 00:19:26,665
INVESTIGATORS TO IDENTIFY 

488
00:19:26,665 --> 00:19:28,300
COMBINATIONS OF DRUGS AND OFFER 

489
00:19:28,300 --> 00:19:31,170
THEM IN CLINICAL TRIALS TO 

490
00:19:31,170 --> 00:19:31,470
PATIENTS.

491
00:19:31,470 --> 00:19:36,842
IT REQUIRED PARENT  -- 

492
00:19:36,842 --> 00:19:41,347
PARTNERSHIPS WITH AGENCIES AND 

493
00:19:41,347 --> 00:19:41,681
FO

494
00:19:41,681 --> 00:19:44,083
FORMULARY OF 35 AGENTS TO BE 

495
00:19:44,083 --> 00:19:46,519
USED ACROSS A WIDE VARIETY OF 

496
00:19:46,519 --> 00:19:46,719
SITES.

497
00:19:46,719 --> 00:19:48,788
IT HAS TAKEN US INTO THE PATIENT

498
00:19:48,788 --> 00:19:52,324
POPULATION.

499
00:19:52,324 --> 00:19:55,361
THIS IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF A 

500
00:19:55,361 --> 00:19:58,064
STUDY THAT REALLY CAPITALIZED ON

501
00:19:58,064 --> 00:19:59,632
HOW DO WE USE OUR CURRENT 

502
00:19:59,632 --> 00:20:02,501
KNOWLEDGE IN COMBINING DRUGS TO 

503
00:20:02,501 --> 00:20:03,602
OVERCOME RESISTANCE.

504
00:20:03,602 --> 00:20:06,272
THIS IS THE VIPOR STUDY.

505
00:20:06,272 --> 00:20:08,140
THE PILOT WAS DONE AT NCI.

506
00:20:08,140 --> 00:20:10,576
IF WE UNDERSTOOD THE GENETIC 

507
00:20:10,576 --> 00:20:12,311
COMPOSITION OF THE TUMOR WE 

508
00:20:12,311 --> 00:20:14,814
COULD CREATE THE RIGHT COCKTAIL 

509
00:20:14,814 --> 00:20:15,514
TO ERADICATE THE CANCER.

510
00:20:15,514 --> 00:20:18,150
THIS IS A STORY WE TOLD IN OUR 

511
00:20:18,150 --> 00:20:19,585
ANNUAL REPORT THIS YEAR OF A 

512
00:20:19,585 --> 00:20:23,089
PATIENT NAMED JUSTIN WHO HAD 

513
00:20:23,089 --> 00:20:26,358
REFRACTORY NONHODGKIN'S 

514
00:20:26,358 --> 00:20:27,093
LYMPHOMA, PROGRESSED ON ALL 

515
00:20:27,093 --> 00:20:29,495
STANDARD THERAPIES, BUT BASED ON

516
00:20:29,495 --> 00:20:32,665
HIS GENETIC MAKEUP WAS BROUGHT 

517
00:20:32,665 --> 00:20:35,134
TO THIS STUDY, RECEIVED THE 

518
00:20:35,134 --> 00:20:37,870
COCKTAIL THERAPY AND IS NOW 

519
00:20:37,870 --> 00:20:39,004
THREE YEARS OFF THERAPY WITHOUT 

520
00:20:39,004 --> 00:20:40,039
ANY EVIDENCE OF DISEASE AND 

521
00:20:40,039 --> 00:20:40,506
DOING WELL.

522
00:20:40,506 --> 00:20:42,908
THIS IS THE KIND OF STORY THAT 

523
00:20:42,908 --> 00:20:43,609
WE WANT TO TELL.

524
00:20:43,609 --> 00:20:45,511
THIS IS THE KIND OF STORY THAT 

525
00:20:45,511 --> 00:20:47,580
COMES FROM EXACTLY FOCUSING ON 

526
00:20:47,580 --> 00:20:54,453
WORK OF THAT PARTICULAR MOONSHOT

527
00:20:54,453 --> 00:20:54,820
RECOMMENDATION.

528
00:20:54,820 --> 00:20:56,222
NUMBER FOUR WAS BUILDING A 

529
00:20:56,222 --> 00:20:59,125
NATIONAL CANCER DATA ECOSYSTEM, 

530
00:20:59,125 --> 00:21:00,693
RECOGNIZING WE HAVE LARGE 

531
00:21:00,693 --> 00:21:01,694
AMOUNTS OF DATA.

532
00:21:01,694 --> 00:21:05,898
THEY HAVE TO BE ABLE FOR 

533
00:21:05,898 --> 00:21:08,367
REREVIEW, REANALYSIS, 

534
00:21:08,367 --> 00:21:09,401
COMBINATION.

535
00:21:09,401 --> 00:21:10,903
CREATION OF THE NCI CANCER 

536
00:21:10,903 --> 00:21:13,239
RESEARCH DATA COMMONS BROUGHT 

537
00:21:13,239 --> 00:21:15,040
TOGETHER NCI PROJECTS TO BE 

538
00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:16,442
ANALYZED BY MORE INVESTIGATORS.

539
00:21:16,442 --> 00:21:17,877
THIS HAS BECOME A MAJOR PART OF 

540
00:21:17,877 --> 00:21:21,514
WHAT WE DO, COMBINING THE DATA 

541
00:21:21,514 --> 00:21:22,948
COMMONS, CLOUD BASED RESOURCES 

542
00:21:22,948 --> 00:21:24,984
AND UNDERLYING INFRASTRUCTURE.

543
00:21:24,984 --> 00:21:26,719
WE HAVE JUST SEVERAL EXAMPLES.

544
00:21:26,719 --> 00:21:29,288
I WILL TALK ABOUT THE CHILD 

545
00:21:29,288 --> 00:21:32,691
CANCER DATA INITIATIVE.

546
00:21:32,691 --> 00:21:34,226
THAT IS AN INITIATIVE THAT AIMS 

547
00:21:34,226 --> 00:21:36,695
TO LEARN FROM EVERY PEDIATRIC 

548
00:21:36,695 --> 00:21:39,765
PATIENT WITH CANCER BY INCLUDING

549
00:21:39,765 --> 00:21:41,667
THEIR DATA FOR REAL TIME 

550
00:21:41,667 --> 00:21:41,967
ASSESSMENT.

551
00:21:41,967 --> 00:21:46,939
WE CAN USE THIS DATA FROM REAL 

552
00:21:46,939 --> 00:21:54,146
WORLD, KLINE  -- CLINICAL TRIALS

553
00:21:54,146 --> 00:21:57,783
AND WELL CURATED DATA.

554
00:21:57,783 --> 00:21:58,918
WE HAVE RECOMMENDATION TO 

555
00:21:58,918 --> 00:22:00,419
INTENSIFY RESEARCH ON THE MAJOR 

556
00:22:00,419 --> 00:22:01,854
DRIVERS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER.

557
00:22:01,854 --> 00:22:03,989
I ALREADY MENTIONED THAT 

558
00:22:03,989 --> 00:22:08,561
PEDIATRIC CANCERS HAVE LONG BEEN

559
00:22:08,561 --> 00:22:10,095
DIFFICULT TO STUDY BECAUSE OF 

560
00:22:10,095 --> 00:22:12,364
HOW RARE THEY ARE.

561
00:22:12,364 --> 00:22:14,466
EVERYONE WITHIN RARE TUMORS THE 

562
00:22:14,466 --> 00:22:15,701
MUTATIONS CAN BE VERY UNCOMMON.

563
00:22:15,701 --> 00:22:17,436
ONE OF THE INITIATIVES OF THE 

564
00:22:17,436 --> 00:22:21,473
CANCER MOONSHOT THAT IS REALLY 

565
00:22:21,473 --> 00:22:23,943
EXCITED WAS THE FUSION 

566
00:22:23,943 --> 00:22:24,910
ONCOPROTEINS IN CHILDHOOD 

567
00:22:24,910 --> 00:22:28,914
CANCERS.

568
00:22:28,914 --> 00:22:33,419
FUSONC2 CONSORTIUM, AIMED TO 

569
00:22:33,419 --> 00:22:35,221
CATEGORIZE THE FUSION CREATED IN

570
00:22:35,221 --> 00:22:36,655
CHILDHOOD CANCERS.

571
00:22:36,655 --> 00:22:38,724
FUSION IS TWO GENES THAT ARE 

572
00:22:38,724 --> 00:22:39,992
BROUGHT TOGETHER TO CREATE 

573
00:22:39,992 --> 00:22:40,993
SOMETHING NEW AND NOVEL WITH A 

574
00:22:40,993 --> 00:22:44,029
NEW ACTIVITY THAT IS A CANCER 

575
00:22:44,029 --> 00:22:47,132
DRIVER IS MUCH MORE COMMON IN 

576
00:22:47,132 --> 00:22:49,768
PEDIATRIC CANCERS THAN ADULT 

577
00:22:49,768 --> 00:22:50,002
CANCERS.

578
00:22:50,002 --> 00:22:54,974
THE RECOGNITION OF WHAT THESE 

579
00:22:54,974 --> 00:22:56,308
FUSIONS ARE, HOW THEY WORK AND 

580
00:22:56,308 --> 00:22:58,143
WHERE WE CAN FIND THEM HAS NOW 

581
00:22:58,143 --> 00:23:00,579
LED TO A NEW NETWORK TARGETING 

582
00:23:00,579 --> 00:23:08,220
FUSION ONCOPROTEINS IN CHILDHOOD

583
00:23:08,220 --> 00:23:08,554
CANCERS.

584
00:23:08,554 --> 00:23:11,257
THIS IS A TREMENDOUSLY EXCITING 

585
00:23:11,257 --> 00:23:15,661
OPPORTUNITY FOR A VARIETY OF SAR

586
00:23:15,661 --> 00:23:23,135
KOCOMB -- SARCOMAS THAT ARE IN 

587
00:23:23,135 --> 00:23:23,602
YOUNG CHILDREN.

588
00:23:23,602 --> 00:23:26,205
I TOLD YOU I WOULD MENTION THE 

589
00:23:26,205 --> 00:23:28,707
CHILDHOOD CANCER DATA 

590
00:23:28,707 --> 00:23:29,008
INITIATIVE.

591
00:23:29,008 --> 00:23:31,310
THIS WAS AN INITIATIVE THAT CAME

592
00:23:31,310 --> 00:23:32,711
IN THE FIRST TRUMP 

593
00:23:32,711 --> 00:23:33,078
ADMINISTRATION.

594
00:23:33,078 --> 00:23:36,482
AS I SAID, TO BUILD A COMMUNITY 

595
00:23:36,482 --> 00:23:38,117
AROUND CHILDHOOD CANCER CARE AND

596
00:23:38,117 --> 00:23:39,151
RESEARCH DATA AND LEARN FROM 

597
00:23:39,151 --> 00:23:39,718
EVERY CHILD.

598
00:23:39,718 --> 00:23:43,222
WITH THE STAR ACT, WHICH WAS 

599
00:23:43,222 --> 00:23:46,659
ALSO AN EMERGENCE FROM THE 

600
00:23:46,659 --> 00:23:51,130
CANCER MOONSHOT, WE FOLDED IN 

601
00:23:51,130 --> 00:23:52,831
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION.

602
00:23:52,831 --> 00:23:54,433
LEARN FROM EVERY PATIENT AND 

603
00:23:54,433 --> 00:23:56,568
LEARN FROM THE MOLECULAR 

604
00:23:56,568 --> 00:23:58,837
CHARACTERIZATION FROM AS MANY 

605
00:23:58,837 --> 00:24:00,272
PATIENTS AS POSSIBLE PROVIDES A 

606
00:24:00,272 --> 00:24:04,910
STATE OF THE ARD MOLECULAR 

607
00:24:04,910 --> 00:24:06,779
CHARACTERIZATION TO FORM THE 

608
00:24:06,779 --> 00:24:08,113
BEST AND MOST APPROPRIATE 

609
00:24:08,113 --> 00:24:09,648
TREATMENT.

610
00:24:09,648 --> 00:24:12,551
WE ARE LEARNING NOT ONLY ABOUT 

611
00:24:12,551 --> 00:24:16,121
FUSION ONCOPROTEINS BUT OVER 

612
00:24:16,121 --> 00:24:18,724
DRIVERS PREVIOUSLY OVERLOOKED.

613
00:24:18,724 --> 00:24:20,826
WE ARE LEARNING ABOUT RISK 

614
00:24:20,826 --> 00:24:23,128
FACTORS FOR CHILDREN AND WHY 

615
00:24:23,128 --> 00:24:24,897
CHILDREN MIGHT BE AT RISK FOR 

616
00:24:24,897 --> 00:24:27,199
CANCER THAT HAD PREVIOUSLY NOT 

617
00:24:27,199 --> 00:24:28,000
APPRECIATED.

618
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:31,170
SO THIS IS A SET OF DATA THAT 

619
00:24:31,170 --> 00:24:32,938
GOES INTO THE CANCER RESEARCH 

620
00:24:32,938 --> 00:24:35,941
DATA COMMONS THAT WILL CONTINUE 

621
00:24:35,941 --> 00:24:39,144
TO FUEL OUR UNDERSTANDING AND 

622
00:24:39,144 --> 00:24:41,447
FUTURE THERAPIES FOR PEDIATRIC 

623
00:24:41,447 --> 00:24:42,247
CANCERS AND CANCERS IN ADULTS AS

624
00:24:42,247 --> 00:24:49,755
WELL.

625
00:24:49,755 --> 00:24:51,090
NUMBER SIX.

626
00:24:51,090 --> 00:24:53,559
MINE MIZING CANCER TREATMENT'S 

627
00:24:53,559 --> 00:24:55,160
DEBILITATING SIDE EFFECTS.

628
00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,330
THIS IS TO RECOGNIZE IT IS NOT 

629
00:24:58,330 --> 00:25:01,266
JUST GETTING THE PATIENT TO THE 

630
00:25:01,266 --> 00:25:03,068
RIGHT CANCER TREATMENT, BUT 

631
00:25:03,068 --> 00:25:04,670
TAKING CARE OF THAT PATIENT WELL

632
00:25:04,670 --> 00:25:05,938
FOR LIFE DURING TREATMENT AND 

633
00:25:05,938 --> 00:25:06,638
AFTER CANCER.

634
00:25:06,638 --> 00:25:11,143
SO ONE OF THE OUTPUTS OF THIS IS

635
00:25:11,143 --> 00:25:14,079
THE NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR 

636
00:25:14,079 --> 00:25:15,547
CANCER SURVIVORSHIP CARE.

637
00:25:15,547 --> 00:25:18,384
THIS IS THE FIRST GOVERNMENTWIDE

638
00:25:18,384 --> 00:25:20,119
SET OF STANDARDS FOR HOW TO TAKE

639
00:25:20,119 --> 00:25:21,387
CARE OF PATIENTS AFTER A CANCER 

640
00:25:21,387 --> 00:25:24,723
DIAGNOSIS.

641
00:25:24,723 --> 00:25:29,595
IT PROVIDES THESE STANDARDS TO 

642
00:25:29,595 --> 00:25:32,498
SET ESSENTIAL HEALTH SYSTEM 

643
00:25:32,498 --> 00:25:35,000
POLICY AND THIS WAS CREATED IN 

644
00:25:35,000 --> 00:25:38,203
PARTNERSHIP WITH THE VA AND WAS 

645
00:25:38,203 --> 00:25:39,838
JUST ANNOUNCED EARLIER THIS FALL

646
00:25:39,838 --> 00:25:41,840
AND PERCOLATING THROUGH CANCER 

647
00:25:41,840 --> 00:25:47,146
CARE ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

648
00:25:47,146 --> 00:25:49,381
ALSO IN MINIMIZING DEBILITATING 

649
00:25:49,381 --> 00:25:52,451
SIDE EFFECTS WAS UNDERSTANDING 

650
00:25:52,451 --> 00:25:53,919
CANCER TREATMENT'S TOLL 

651
00:25:53,919 --> 00:25:54,286
REHABILITATE.

652
00:25:54,286 --> 00:26:01,460
WE HAVE HAD STANDARDIZED -- 

653
00:26:01,460 --> 00:26:03,729
TOLERA

654
00:26:03,729 --> 00:26:04,463
TOLERABILITY.

655
00:26:04,463 --> 00:26:05,998
SPEAKING TO THE MANDATE TO ASK 

656
00:26:05,998 --> 00:26:08,333
OUR PATIENTS WE HAVE TURNED 

657
00:26:08,333 --> 00:26:12,271
INCREASINGLY TO PATIENT-REPORTED

658
00:26:12,271 --> 00:26:12,538
OUTCOMES.

659
00:26:12,538 --> 00:26:17,109
SO THIS IS A UO1 CONSORTIUM 

660
00:26:17,109 --> 00:26:21,914
CALLED ANALYSIS OF PRO-CTCAE AND

661
00:26:21,914 --> 00:26:23,282
OTHER PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOMES 

662
00:26:23,282 --> 00:26:26,185
TO BE ABLE TO MUCH MORE ROBUSTLY

663
00:26:26,185 --> 00:26:27,986
CAPTURE INFORMATION FROM 

664
00:26:27,986 --> 00:26:29,521
PATIENTS ABOUT HOW THEY ARE 

665
00:26:29,521 --> 00:26:31,190
FEELING ON THE DAY THEY COME TO 

666
00:26:31,190 --> 00:26:32,591
SEE THEIR DOCTOR AND HOW THEY 

667
00:26:32,591 --> 00:26:35,127
ARE FEELING WHEN THEY ARE HOME 

668
00:26:35,127 --> 00:26:36,428
AND HALFWAY IN BETWEEN THEIR 

669
00:26:36,428 --> 00:26:36,895
CANCER THERAPY.

670
00:26:36,895 --> 00:26:42,734
THIS ALLOWS ANALYSIS OF BASELINE

671
00:26:42,734 --> 00:26:46,472
SYMPTOMS, POST FACTORS TO 

672
00:26:46,472 --> 00:26:55,047
INFLUENCE SIDE EFFECTS.

673
00:26:55,047 --> 00:26:55,848
PHARMACOKINETIC DATA.

674
00:26:55,848 --> 00:26:57,449
THAT IS ALREADY BEGINNING BUT 

675
00:26:57,449 --> 00:26:59,184
WILL BE A MUCH BIGGER PART OF 

676
00:26:59,184 --> 00:27:00,786
CANCER CARE BECAUSE OF THIS 

677
00:27:00,786 --> 00:27:03,689
WORK.

678
00:27:03,689 --> 00:27:06,792
ALSO ON MINIMIZING DEBILITATING 

679
00:27:06,792 --> 00:27:11,063
SIDE EFFECTS ANOTHER CONSORTIUM,

680
00:27:11,063 --> 00:27:14,466
IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF 

681
00:27:14,466 --> 00:27:17,703
SYMPTOMS DURING AND FOLLOWING 

682
00:27:17,703 --> 00:27:18,170
CANCER TREATMENT.

683
00:27:18,170 --> 00:27:21,173
IT CAME OUT TO BE IMPACT.

684
00:27:21,173 --> 00:27:27,546
WAYS WE CAN ENABLE PROVIDERS TO 

685
00:27:27,546 --> 00:27:29,515
UTILIZE THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH 

686
00:27:29,515 --> 00:27:29,748
RECORD.

687
00:27:29,748 --> 00:27:33,051
HOW WE CAN USE BILINGUAL 

688
00:27:33,051 --> 00:27:34,486
ELECTRONIC SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT TO

689
00:27:34,486 --> 00:27:36,121
PROVIDE CARE TO PATIENTS WHO 

690
00:27:36,121 --> 00:27:38,190
SPEAK A DIFFERENT LANGUAGE AND 

691
00:27:38,190 --> 00:27:40,492
ENHANCING OUR PATIENT REPORTED 

692
00:27:40,492 --> 00:27:42,294
OUTCOMES FOR SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT.

693
00:27:42,294 --> 00:27:46,999
NOT JUST DATA COLLECTION BUT 

694
00:27:46,999 --> 00:27:49,835
BIDIRECTIONAL CARE IN THE 

695
00:27:49,835 --> 00:27:50,269
PATIENT ENVIRONMENT.

696
00:27:50,269 --> 00:27:50,669
NUMBER SEVEN.

697
00:27:50,669 --> 00:27:52,905
WE ARE GETTING THERE.

698
00:27:52,905 --> 00:27:54,840
EXPANDING THE USE OF PROVEN 

699
00:27:54,840 --> 00:27:56,074
CANCER PREVENTION AND EARLY 

700
00:27:56,074 --> 00:27:57,643
DETECTION STRATEGIES.

701
00:27:57,643 --> 00:27:59,745
THIS IS WHERE WE HAVE HAD REAL 

702
00:27:59,745 --> 00:28:04,016
LANDSCAPE SHIFT IN CANCERS, 

703
00:28:04,016 --> 00:28:04,950
THINKING ABOUT PREVENTION.

704
00:28:04,950 --> 00:28:07,719
I POINT TO THE UPPER RIGHT HAND 

705
00:28:07,719 --> 00:28:10,956
BOX TO POINT OUT PREVENTION AND 

706
00:28:10,956 --> 00:28:12,858
SCREENING EFFORTS HAVE AVERTED 

707
00:28:12,858 --> 00:28:14,860
4.7 MILLION DEATHS FROM FIVE 

708
00:28:14,860 --> 00:28:16,628
CANCER TYPES.

709
00:28:16,628 --> 00:28:18,330
WE PUBLISHED THIS PAPER EARLIER 

710
00:28:18,330 --> 00:28:21,500
IN THE YEAR.

711
00:28:21,500 --> 00:28:23,802
THE INVESTMENT IN PREVENTION FAR

712
00:28:23,802 --> 00:28:25,203
OUTWEIGHS THE EXPENSE OF 

713
00:28:25,203 --> 00:28:26,138
TREATMENT.

714
00:28:26,138 --> 00:28:28,240
THE MORE WE CAN DO TO PREVENT 

715
00:28:28,240 --> 00:28:30,776
CANCER THE BETTER THE ECONOMIC 

716
00:28:30,776 --> 00:28:31,143
RETURN.

717
00:28:31,143 --> 00:28:36,715
THE ACCELERATED COLO RECTAL 

718
00:28:36,715 --> 00:28:36,982
SCREENING.

719
00:28:36,982 --> 00:28:39,685
WHICH INCORPORATED A NAVIGATOR 

720
00:28:39,685 --> 00:28:42,287
WHO IS A START PART OF CANCER 

721
00:28:42,287 --> 00:28:46,325
CARE, BUT UTILIZE NAVIGATORS TO 

722
00:28:46,325 --> 00:28:48,360
ENABLE PATIENTS TO GET THROUGH 

723
00:28:48,360 --> 00:28:51,129
SCREENING AND DIAGNOSE FOR COLON

724
00:28:51,129 --> 00:28:52,764
CANCER.

725
00:28:52,764 --> 00:28:55,701
MUCH FOCUS ON SMOKING CESSATION.

726
00:28:55,701 --> 00:28:59,104
I WANT TO TAKE A MINUTE AND TALK

727
00:28:59,104 --> 00:29:00,806
ABOUT HPV.

728
00:29:00,806 --> 00:29:04,476
THIS WORK EXPANDED FUNDING FOR 

729
00:29:04,476 --> 00:29:07,512
HPC, TRIALS THAT ARE TESTING 

730
00:29:07,512 --> 00:29:12,784
SINGLE DOSE OF HPV VACCINE TO 

731
00:29:12,784 --> 00:29:14,920
SEE IF IT IS SUFFICIENT TO 

732
00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:18,790
PREVENT HPV DRIVEN CANCERS 

733
00:29:18,790 --> 00:29:21,293
PARTICULARLY CERVICAL CANCER AND

734
00:29:21,293 --> 00:29:23,862
TESTING THE SUBTYPE FOR 

735
00:29:23,862 --> 00:29:26,632
INDEPENDENT PATIENT RISK 

736
00:29:26,632 --> 00:29:27,899
ASSESSMENT.

737
00:29:27,899 --> 00:29:31,536
I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT HPV A 

738
00:29:31,536 --> 00:29:31,837
LITTLE MORE.

739
00:29:31,837 --> 00:29:34,840
LAST SPRING FALLING ON THE HEELS

740
00:29:34,840 --> 00:29:36,508
OF SUCCESSFUL MOONSHOT FUNDED 

741
00:29:36,508 --> 00:29:39,745
EFFORTS TO BRING HPV VACCINATION

742
00:29:39,745 --> 00:29:41,546
TO THE FORE WE ANNOUNCED THE 

743
00:29:41,546 --> 00:29:42,781
SHIP TRIAL.

744
00:29:42,781 --> 00:29:44,883
THIS IS OUR LAST MILE TRIAL TO 

745
00:29:44,883 --> 00:29:49,321
BRING SCREENING TO PATIENTS WHO 

746
00:29:49,321 --> 00:29:54,159
ARE, FOR A VARIETY OF REASONS, 

747
00:29:54,159 --> 00:30:02,300
UNABLE TO RECEIVE STANDARD J

748
00:30:02,300 --> 00:30:03,502
GYNECOLOGY CARE.

749
00:30:03,502 --> 00:30:06,071
ALLOWING PATIENTS TO DO THEIR 

750
00:30:06,071 --> 00:30:08,206
OWN RISK ASSESSMENT COULD ALLOWS

751
00:30:08,206 --> 00:30:10,475
US TO ERADICATE CERVICAL CANCER 

752
00:30:10,475 --> 00:30:14,546
THROUGH A COMBINATION OF HPV 

753
00:30:14,546 --> 00:30:16,648
VACCINATION, GOOD SCREENING AND 

754
00:30:16,648 --> 00:30:17,115
EFFECTIVE EARLY CARE.

755
00:30:17,115 --> 00:30:20,952
NEXT SLIDE.

756
00:30:20,952 --> 00:30:22,754
NUMBER EIGHT IS MINING PAST 

757
00:30:22,754 --> 00:30:26,058
PATIENT DATA TO PREDICT FUTURE 

758
00:30:26,058 --> 00:30:27,259
PATIENT OUTCOMES.

759
00:30:27,259 --> 00:30:29,494
WITH THIS VAST AND GROWING ARRAY

760
00:30:29,494 --> 00:30:32,964
OF DATA, THERE ARE THINGS WE CAN

761
00:30:32,964 --> 00:30:34,433
LEARN FROM THIS CAN ACCELERATE 

762
00:30:34,433 --> 00:30:36,501
OTHER WORK.

763
00:30:36,501 --> 00:30:40,639
MOLECULAR PROFILING TO PREDICT 

764
00:30:40,639 --> 00:30:41,740
RESPONSE TO TREATMENT.

765
00:30:41,740 --> 00:30:46,745
WE HAVE BIOSES MENS ARCHIVED 

766
00:30:46,745 --> 00:30:49,047
THAT CAN BE AND HAVE BEEN TESTED

767
00:30:49,047 --> 00:30:52,951
BY NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING, 

768
00:30:52,951 --> 00:30:55,454
TESTED, AND USED COMPUTATIONAL 

769
00:30:55,454 --> 00:30:56,521
MODELLING TO UNDERSTAND WHAT 

770
00:30:56,521 --> 00:30:57,989
MUTATIONS LED TO RESPONSES TO 

771
00:30:57,989 --> 00:31:02,394
THERAPY.

772
00:31:02,394 --> 00:31:04,663
THIS PRECLINICAL WORK COMMITTED 

773
00:31:04,663 --> 00:31:07,032
FOR A MORE ADVANCED CLINICAL 

774
00:31:07,032 --> 00:31:07,232
TRIAL.

775
00:31:07,232 --> 00:31:09,701
THIS IS ONE EXAMPLE THAT HAS 

776
00:31:09,701 --> 00:31:12,104
FUELED MULTIPLE EXCITING 

777
00:31:12,104 --> 00:31:15,307
INNOVATIVE CLINICAL TRIALS.

778
00:31:15,307 --> 00:31:17,509
NUMBER NINE IS DEVELOPING A 3-D 

779
00:31:17,509 --> 00:31:18,643
CANCER ATLAS.

780
00:31:18,643 --> 00:31:21,513
THIS ONE WAS CLEAR AND WE 

781
00:31:21,513 --> 00:31:23,315
UNDERTOOK IT WAS FIRST PUBLISHED

782
00:31:23,315 --> 00:31:27,119
ON LAST YEAR AND THIS YEAR WE 

783
00:31:27,119 --> 00:31:29,321
BROUGHT IN A BIGGER COMPLEMENT 

784
00:31:29,321 --> 00:31:32,124
OF TUMORS.

785
00:31:32,124 --> 00:31:34,993
WE NEVER THOUGHT THAT WHEN I WAS

786
00:31:34,993 --> 00:31:37,329
TRAINING ABOUT THE VERY DYNAMIC 

787
00:31:37,329 --> 00:31:39,131
COMPONENTS OF WHAT'S INSIDE A 

788
00:31:39,131 --> 00:31:39,331
TUMOR.

789
00:31:39,331 --> 00:31:42,834
THE IMMUNE CELLS, THE VASCULAR 

790
00:31:42,834 --> 00:31:45,704
CELLS, HOW THEY ARE INTERACTING 

791
00:31:45,704 --> 00:31:48,507
DYNAMICALLY IN REAL TIME.

792
00:31:48,507 --> 00:31:49,875
LOOKING IN THREE DIMENSIONS AT 

793
00:31:49,875 --> 00:31:53,678
THE TUMORS OF WHO IS TOUCHING 

794
00:31:53,678 --> 00:31:56,081
WHO GIVES A DIFFERENT VIEW OF 

795
00:31:56,081 --> 00:31:57,516
HOW WE SEE A TUMOR.

796
00:31:57,516 --> 00:32:03,922
SO THE NETWORK PROVIDES 

797
00:32:03,922 --> 00:32:04,589
THREE-DIMENSIONAL VISHTIZATION 

798
00:32:04,589 --> 00:32:07,192
AND CREATING A DATA REPOSITORY 

799
00:32:07,192 --> 00:32:08,360
THAT IS AVAILABLE FOR 

800
00:32:08,360 --> 00:32:08,927
INVESTIGATORS ALL OVER THE 

801
00:32:08,927 --> 00:32:12,631
COUNTRY.

802
00:32:12,631 --> 00:32:16,635
2,000 CASES, 9,000 BIOSPECIMENS 

803
00:32:16,635 --> 00:32:17,702
ANALYZED AND AVAILABLE AND 

804
00:32:17,702 --> 00:32:19,504
RECENTLY PUBLISHED ON.

805
00:32:19,504 --> 00:32:22,107
IT IS NOT JUST A REPOSITORY OF 

806
00:32:22,107 --> 00:32:23,942
IMAGES BUT OF TOOLS TO ALLOW 

807
00:32:23,942 --> 00:32:27,879
INVESTIGATORS TO BE ABLE TO DO 

808
00:32:27,879 --> 00:32:29,714
THE MODELLING AND INTERSECTION 

809
00:32:29,714 --> 00:32:32,250
NETWORK ANALYSIS, TO LOOK AT 

810
00:32:32,250 --> 00:32:33,618
THEIR TUMOR, THEIR QUESTION, 

811
00:32:33,618 --> 00:32:38,256
THEIR CELLS AND BE ABLE TO 

812
00:32:38,256 --> 00:32:39,558
ADDRESS NEW INNOVATIONS THAT 

813
00:32:39,558 --> 00:32:46,398
COME FROM UNDERSTANDING THIS 

814
00:32:46,398 --> 00:32:49,267
THREE DIMENSIONAL LOOK AT TUMOR.

815
00:32:49,267 --> 00:32:51,369
THIS IS A DIFFERENT WAY TO 

816
00:32:51,369 --> 00:32:54,439
LOOKING AT TUMORS TO CANCER 

817
00:32:54,439 --> 00:32:55,674
INVESTIGATORS ACROSS THE 

818
00:32:55,674 --> 00:32:56,041
COUNTRY.

819
00:32:56,041 --> 00:32:59,044
NUMBER O10 IS DEVELOPING NEW 

820
00:32:59,044 --> 00:33:00,445
CANCER TECHNOLOGIES.

821
00:33:00,445 --> 00:33:02,314
THIS IS WHAT WE FEEL IS OUR 

822
00:33:02,314 --> 00:33:05,183
BREAD AND BUTTER, BUT HAS WORKED

823
00:33:05,183 --> 00:33:07,519
TO ACCELERATE PARTNERSHIPS WITH 

824
00:33:07,519 --> 00:33:09,120
INDUSTRY, BUT TO BRIDGE THE GAP 

825
00:33:09,120 --> 00:33:11,156
BETWEEN THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW 

826
00:33:11,156 --> 00:33:12,624
TECHNOLOGY TO GET IT TO A PLACE 

827
00:33:12,624 --> 00:33:14,326
WHERE IT CAN MOVE INTO THE 

828
00:33:14,326 --> 00:33:15,694
CLINICAL DOMAIN.

829
00:33:15,694 --> 00:33:17,629
I HAVE JUST SOME OF THE NEW 

830
00:33:17,629 --> 00:33:19,097
TECHNOLOGIES THAT HAVE COME ON 

831
00:33:19,097 --> 00:33:22,801
THE SCENE DURING THIS TIME.

832
00:33:22,801 --> 00:33:33,478
CAR T-CELLS, TU FORINFILTRATING,

833
00:33:33,478 --> 00:33:43,889
CRISPR, PRO-T AC, ANTIBODY 

834
00:33:48,026 --> 00:33:48,793
CONJUGATES.

835
00:33:48,793 --> 00:33:51,630
I WON'T READ THEM ALL, IMMUNO 

836
00:33:51,630 --> 00:33:56,067
THERAPY AND MOLECULAR THERAPY ON

837
00:33:56,067 --> 00:33:57,168
A DIFFERENT LEVEL TODAY.

838
00:33:57,168 --> 00:34:01,640
SO HAVING BEEN THROUGH THE 10 

839
00:34:01,640 --> 00:34:02,941
RECOMMENDATIONS, I WANT TO JUST 

840
00:34:02,941 --> 00:34:04,542
TELL YOU A FEW MORE THINGS ABOUT

841
00:34:04,542 --> 00:34:05,911
THE MOONSHOT AND WHAT THE 

842
00:34:05,911 --> 00:34:07,545
PROGRAM DID FOR US.

843
00:34:07,545 --> 00:34:10,382
PART OF IT WAS LOOKING AT OUR 

844
00:34:10,382 --> 00:34:12,884
WORKFORCE AND USING THOSE FUNDS 

845
00:34:12,884 --> 00:34:16,454
TO ENRICH AND DIVERSIFY OUR 

846
00:34:16,454 --> 00:34:17,989
WORKFORCE.

847
00:34:17,989 --> 00:34:20,425
THE CANCER MOONSHOT PROGRAM WAS 

848
00:34:20,425 --> 00:34:21,960
REIGNITED IN THE CANCER MOONSHOT

849
00:34:21,960 --> 00:34:24,763
TO BRING YOUNG, TALENTED 

850
00:34:24,763 --> 00:34:25,897
INVESTIGATORS TO ADVANCE CANCER 

851
00:34:25,897 --> 00:34:27,532
SCIENCE AND THOUGHT APPROACH.

852
00:34:27,532 --> 00:34:29,567
WE ARE IN OUR THIRD CLASS OF 

853
00:34:29,567 --> 00:34:31,770
MOONSHOT SCHOLARS.

854
00:34:31,770 --> 00:34:34,306
I WILL INTRODUCE YOU TO THREE OF

855
00:34:34,306 --> 00:34:34,706
THEM.

856
00:34:34,706 --> 00:34:36,508
THESE THREE ARE FROM OUR MOST 

857
00:34:36,508 --> 00:34:37,108
RECENT CLASS.

858
00:34:37,108 --> 00:34:40,779
THEY ARE ALL INVESTIGATING 

859
00:34:40,779 --> 00:34:43,381
EXCITING COMPONENTS FROM REALLY 

860
00:34:43,381 --> 00:34:45,817
BASIC SCIENCE TO CLINICALLY 

861
00:34:45,817 --> 00:34:49,187
BASED RESEARCH SUCH AS THE 

862
00:34:49,187 --> 00:34:51,823
IMAGING STUDY IN THE MIDDLE AND 

863
00:34:51,823 --> 00:34:52,924
PARTNERSHIPS IN THE COMMUNITY.

864
00:34:52,924 --> 00:34:54,559
COMING AT CANCER FROM THE RANGE 

865
00:34:54,559 --> 00:34:58,029
OF TYPES OF QUESTIONS THAT ARE 

866
00:34:58,029 --> 00:34:58,663
IMPORTANT.

867
00:34:58,663 --> 00:35:01,533
THESE PEOPLE ARE REALLY OUR 

868
00:35:01,533 --> 00:35:01,766
FUTURE.

869
00:35:01,766 --> 00:35:03,201
HOW DO WE ASSESS THE IMPACT OF 

870
00:35:03,201 --> 00:35:06,571
THIS PROGRAM?

871
00:35:06,571 --> 00:35:09,307
SO WE -- I THINK THE IMPACT IS 

872
00:35:09,307 --> 00:35:11,276
IN WHAT I HAVE JUST TOLD YOU.

873
00:35:11,276 --> 00:35:12,744
HOW WE THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT 

874
00:35:12,744 --> 00:35:15,380
HOW WE ENGAGE WITH THE 

875
00:35:15,380 --> 00:35:15,647
COMMUNITY.

876
00:35:15,647 --> 00:35:17,115
HOW WE THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT 

877
00:35:17,115 --> 00:35:19,784
WHAT WE DO IN TERMS OF 

878
00:35:19,784 --> 00:35:20,852
COLLABORATIONS AND HOW WE 

879
00:35:20,852 --> 00:35:23,922
ADVANCE INNOVATION IN A MUCH 

880
00:35:23,922 --> 00:35:25,523
MORE NETWORKED WAY AND PUT THE 

881
00:35:25,523 --> 00:35:27,258
DATA OUT THERE FOR EVERYONE TO 

882
00:35:27,258 --> 00:35:28,693
CAPITALIZE ON.

883
00:35:28,693 --> 00:35:32,797
WE CAN ALSO QUANTIFY THIS IN 

884
00:35:32,797 --> 00:35:33,431
PUBLICATIONS.

885
00:35:33,431 --> 00:35:35,900
AT LEAST 3,400 PUBLICATIONS.

886
00:35:35,900 --> 00:35:37,869
IT BECOMES INCREASINGLY 

887
00:35:37,869 --> 00:35:40,638
DIFFERENT TO ASSIGN PUBLICATIONS

888
00:35:40,638 --> 00:35:43,141
AS THIS PERMEATES AND EVERYONE 

889
00:35:43,141 --> 00:35:45,443
IS DOING CANCER MOONSHOT.

890
00:35:45,443 --> 00:35:47,145
89 CLINICAL TRIALS, 78 PATENT 

891
00:35:47,145 --> 00:35:50,315
FILINGS.

892
00:35:50,315 --> 00:35:51,983
IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW IN SOME 

893
00:35:51,983 --> 00:35:53,585
WAYS THAT THE CANCER MOONSHOT 

894
00:35:53,585 --> 00:35:55,420
WAS DIFFERENT THAN SOME OF THE 

895
00:35:55,420 --> 00:35:59,624
WORK THAT WE TRADITIONALLY DO.

896
00:35:59,624 --> 00:36:02,527
OUR NORMAL GRANT MECHANISM IS 

897
00:36:02,527 --> 00:36:04,562
THE RO1.

898
00:36:04,562 --> 00:36:07,065
WE DID FUND RO1s THROUGH THE 

899
00:36:07,065 --> 00:36:11,269
CANCER MOONSHOT, IT WAS 

900
00:36:11,269 --> 00:36:16,508
DISPROPORTIONALLY SKEWED TO UO1,

901
00:36:16,508 --> 00:36:18,343
PROJECT BASED AND MOVED BACK 

902
00:36:18,343 --> 00:36:19,010
INTO THE INVESTIGATOR INITIATED 

903
00:36:19,010 --> 00:36:23,615
PARTSES OF THE PROGRAM.

904
00:36:23,615 --> 00:36:25,950
 -- PARTS OF THE PROGRAM.

905
00:36:25,950 --> 00:36:28,086
THE NEXT COUPLE OF SLIDES SHOW 

906
00:36:28,086 --> 00:36:30,789
WHERE THE IMPACT HAPPENED.

907
00:36:30,789 --> 00:36:32,057
NOT JUST THE DISCOVERIES THAT 

908
00:36:32,057 --> 00:36:34,092
WERE MADE, BUT THE RESEARCH THAT

909
00:36:34,092 --> 00:36:35,827
WAS HAPPENING.

910
00:36:35,827 --> 00:36:38,229
WHAT YOU CAN SEE HERE IS OF THE 

911
00:36:38,229 --> 00:36:40,265
FUNDED WORK, SO OVER 4,000 

912
00:36:40,265 --> 00:36:41,699
PROJECTS THAT WERE FUNDED 

913
00:36:41,699 --> 00:36:45,503
THROUGH THE MOONSHOT, WHEN WE 

914
00:36:45,503 --> 00:36:47,505
LOOKED AT NEW VS. ONGOING 

915
00:36:47,505 --> 00:36:48,373
COLLABORATIONS WE SAW THE 

916
00:36:48,373 --> 00:36:50,442
MAJORITY OF COLLABORATIONS WERE 

917
00:36:50,442 --> 00:36:51,543
ACTUALLY NEW.

918
00:36:51,543 --> 00:36:54,312
PEOPLE WERE BROADENING THEIR 

919
00:36:54,312 --> 00:36:56,181
HORIZONS TO TAKE THEIR WORK IN 

920
00:36:56,181 --> 00:36:57,982
NEW DIRECTIONS.

921
00:36:57,982 --> 00:37:01,219
AS WE LOOKED AT THE OFFSHOOTS OF

922
00:37:01,219 --> 00:37:05,690
THAT WORK, THOSE COLLABORATIONS 

923
00:37:05,690 --> 00:37:06,691
CONTINUE AND CONTINUE TO BE IN 

924
00:37:06,691 --> 00:37:08,993
SOME CASES FUNDED THROUGH 

925
00:37:08,993 --> 00:37:11,096
ONGOING MOONSHOT WORK, BUT 

926
00:37:11,096 --> 00:37:12,864
CONTINUE WITHOUT MOONSHOT 

927
00:37:12,864 --> 00:37:13,231
FUNDING AS WELL.

928
00:37:13,231 --> 00:37:15,633
SO WE'RE REALLY EXCITED ABOUT 

929
00:37:15,633 --> 00:37:17,235
WHAT THIS HAS DONE TO OUR 

930
00:37:17,235 --> 00:37:20,772
COMMUNITY OF INVESTIGATORS.

931
00:37:20,772 --> 00:37:23,708
WE'RE ALSO REALLY EXCITED ABOUT 

932
00:37:23,708 --> 00:37:24,375
HOW MANY YOUNG PEOPLE TOOK 

933
00:37:24,375 --> 00:37:25,777
ADVANTAGE OF THE MOONSHOT.

934
00:37:25,777 --> 00:37:28,613
THIS WAS NOT JUST AN INFUSION OF

935
00:37:28,613 --> 00:37:29,514
FUNDING THAT SUBJECTED 

936
00:37:29,514 --> 00:37:30,148
ESTABLISHED INVESTIGATORS.

937
00:37:30,148 --> 00:37:32,183
AS YOU CAN SEE HERE ABOUT A 

938
00:37:32,183 --> 00:37:33,818
THIRD OF OUR INVESTIGATORS WERE 

939
00:37:33,818 --> 00:37:36,588
FIRST-TIME GRANT RECIPIENTS.

940
00:37:36,588 --> 00:37:39,290
41 OF WHOM ARE EARLY STAGE 

941
00:37:39,290 --> 00:37:39,624
INVESTIGATORS.

942
00:37:39,624 --> 00:37:40,859
YOUNG INVESTIGATORS SERVING FOR 

943
00:37:40,859 --> 00:37:42,694
THE FIRST TIME AS A PI ON A 

944
00:37:42,694 --> 00:37:43,828
MOONSHOT GRANT.

945
00:37:43,828 --> 00:37:46,631
SO THIS ALSO WAS AN INFUSION OF 

946
00:37:46,631 --> 00:37:53,071
PEOPLE INTO OUR ECOSYSTEM.

947
00:37:53,071 --> 00:37:54,873
THIS ALSO SAW OVER THIS TIME 

948
00:37:54,873 --> 00:37:58,843
PERIOD A REAL DRAMATIC CHANGE IN

949
00:37:58,843 --> 00:38:00,812
DATA ACCESS AND DATA SHARING.

950
00:38:00,812 --> 00:38:03,047
I WILL SAY THIS ALSO CAME WHEN 

951
00:38:03,047 --> 00:38:04,983
MANY OTHER THINGS WERE CHANGING 

952
00:38:04,983 --> 00:38:06,851
ABOUT EXPECTATIONS AROUND DATA 

953
00:38:06,851 --> 00:38:09,320
SHARING, INCLUDING DEMANDS BY 

954
00:38:09,320 --> 00:38:09,587
JOURNALS.

955
00:38:09,587 --> 00:38:11,956
THERE WAS A DEMAND ON OUR PART 

956
00:38:11,956 --> 00:38:15,226
AS WELL THAT DATA BE MADE 

957
00:38:15,226 --> 00:38:17,729
AVAILABLE EARLY AND IN ITS 

958
00:38:17,729 --> 00:38:19,731
ENTIRETY FOR MOONSHOT PROJECTS.

959
00:38:19,731 --> 00:38:21,132
AND YOU CAN SEE FROM THE 

960
00:38:21,132 --> 00:38:24,269
REDLINE, THE NUMBER OF PROJECTS 

961
00:38:24,269 --> 00:38:26,004
FOR WHICH ALL DATA WAS AVAILABLE

962
00:38:26,004 --> 00:38:28,506
WAS VERY LOW AND MADE A MARKED 

963
00:38:28,506 --> 00:38:34,946
INCREASE OUT TO 2023, WHERE WE 

964
00:38:34,946 --> 00:38:36,814
HAVE THIS DATA FOR.

965
00:38:36,814 --> 00:38:38,950
THE STUDIES THAT PROVIDED NO 

966
00:38:38,950 --> 00:38:41,819
DATA, WHICH WAS A COMMON EVENT 

967
00:38:41,819 --> 00:38:43,988
IN 2017 IS NOW VIRTUALLY UNHEARD

968
00:38:43,988 --> 00:38:44,189
OF.

969
00:38:44,189 --> 00:38:46,958
THE TRANSITION HAS BEEN ABRUPT 

970
00:38:46,958 --> 00:38:48,459
AND VERY RAPID AND PROBABLY FELT

971
00:38:48,459 --> 00:38:50,795
IN YOUR FIELDS AS WELL.

972
00:38:50,795 --> 00:38:51,296
NEXT SLIDE.

973
00:38:51,296 --> 00:38:53,932
SO WHERE DO WE GO NEXT IN 

974
00:38:53,932 --> 00:38:54,966
BUILDING ON THE MOMENTUM OF THE 

975
00:38:54,966 --> 00:38:58,336
CANCER MOONSHOT?

976
00:38:58,336 --> 00:39:00,705
SO WE HAVE A NUMBER OF PRIORITY 

977
00:39:00,705 --> 00:39:02,674
AREAS THAT I WANT TO JUST LET 

978
00:39:02,674 --> 00:39:04,042
YOU KNOW ABOUT THAT WE ARE 

979
00:39:04,042 --> 00:39:06,844
TACKLING WITH SOME OF THE SAME 

980
00:39:06,844 --> 00:39:08,546
MINDSET THAT CAME FROM THIS 

981
00:39:08,546 --> 00:39:09,247
IGNITION THAT CAME FROM THE 

982
00:39:09,247 --> 00:39:10,415
CANCER MOONSHOT.

983
00:39:10,415 --> 00:39:12,183
AS YOU'VE SEEN IN THE NEWS, 

984
00:39:12,183 --> 00:39:15,119
THERE IS A VERY MARKED AND 

985
00:39:15,119 --> 00:39:19,724
DISTINCT RISE IN CANCERS THAT 

986
00:39:19,724 --> 00:39:21,426
ARE MORE COMMONLY IN OLDER AGE 

987
00:39:21,426 --> 00:39:23,728
GROUPS HAPPENING TO PEOPLE IN 

988
00:39:23,728 --> 00:39:28,399
THEIR 20s, 30s, AND 40s.

989
00:39:28,399 --> 00:39:36,507
COMMON CANCERS COLORECTAL, 

990
00:39:36,507 --> 00:39:38,810
ENDOMETRIAL, KIDNEY CANCER, WE 

991
00:39:38,810 --> 00:39:41,746
ARE SEEING A 79% INCREASE IN 

992
00:39:41,746 --> 00:39:45,416
THESE CANCERS, INCREASE THAT IS 

993
00:39:45,416 --> 00:39:46,751
NOT COMPLETELY UNIFORM AND AN 

994
00:39:46,751 --> 00:39:47,819
AREA WE NEED TO STUDY.

995
00:39:47,819 --> 00:39:50,021
WE ARE BRINGING THE SAME KIND OF

996
00:39:50,021 --> 00:39:53,458
APPROACH THAT WE BROUGHT TO THE 

997
00:39:53,458 --> 00:39:55,159
OVERALL CANCER MOONSHOT TO UNDER

998
00:39:55,159 --> 00:39:59,631
THE IDEOLOGY, THE BIOLOGY, THE 

999
00:39:59,631 --> 00:40:02,367
BEST TREATMENT AND HOW BEST TO 

1000
00:40:02,367 --> 00:40:04,636
CARE FOR PATIENTS WHEN LIFE 

1001
00:40:04,636 --> 00:40:05,770
AFTER CANCER WITH WHEN THAT 

1002
00:40:05,770 --> 00:40:08,172
CANCER IS DIAGNOSED IN YOUNG 

1003
00:40:08,172 --> 00:40:08,539
EARLY ADULTHOOD.

1004
00:40:08,539 --> 00:40:10,708
WE ALSO ARE TAKING THIS 

1005
00:40:10,708 --> 00:40:12,310
MENTALITY TO MODERNIZING OUR 

1006
00:40:12,310 --> 00:40:14,712
CLINICAL STUDIES.

1007
00:40:14,712 --> 00:40:17,782
JUST ONE EXAMPLE IS MYELOMATCH.

1008
00:40:17,782 --> 00:40:19,651
DURING THE CANCER MOONSHOT WAS 

1009
00:40:19,651 --> 00:40:25,623
OUR FIRST MATCH STUDY, WHICH 

1010
00:40:25,623 --> 00:40:29,294
TESTED MATCHING GENETIC PROFILE 

1011
00:40:29,294 --> 00:40:32,864
OF THE PATIENT TO A DRUG.

1012
00:40:32,864 --> 00:40:35,199
TODAY WE HAVE, AS YOU HAVE SEEN,

1013
00:40:35,199 --> 00:40:38,803
A PLETHORA OF MORE AVAILABLE 

1014
00:40:38,803 --> 00:40:40,071
DRUGS AND MORE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT 

1015
00:40:40,071 --> 00:40:42,307
WHAT THOSE GENETIC MUTATIONS 

1016
00:40:42,307 --> 00:40:42,874
MEAN.

1017
00:40:42,874 --> 00:40:45,243
SO THE NEXT GENERATIONS ARE 

1018
00:40:45,243 --> 00:40:51,015
PROGRAMS LIKE MYELOMATCH TAKE 

1019
00:40:51,015 --> 00:40:55,086
PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID 

1020
00:40:55,086 --> 00:40:56,321
LEUKEMIA AND MATCH THEM OVER THE

1021
00:40:56,321 --> 00:40:57,622
COURSE OF THEIR DISEASE TO THE 

1022
00:40:57,622 --> 00:41:00,191
BEST TREATMENT BASED ON THEIR 

1023
00:41:00,191 --> 00:41:00,425
PROFILE.

1024
00:41:00,425 --> 00:41:02,260
THIS TRIAL HAS ALREADY LAUNCHED 

1025
00:41:02,260 --> 00:41:04,095
AND AS SCREENED SEVERAL HUNDRED 

1026
00:41:04,095 --> 00:41:05,830
PATIENTS IN THE FIRST COUPLE OF 

1027
00:41:05,830 --> 00:41:07,198
MONTHS IT HAS BEEN AVAILABLE AND

1028
00:41:07,198 --> 00:41:10,301
WILL BE A VERY EXCITING NEW WAY 

1029
00:41:10,301 --> 00:41:12,737
OF THINKING ABOUT HOW WE TAKE 

1030
00:41:12,737 --> 00:41:18,743
CARE OF HERKS EMATOLOGICAL 

1031
00:41:18,743 --> 00:41:19,077
MALIGNANCIES.

1032
00:41:19,077 --> 00:41:20,712
ONE OF THE BURDENS WE LEARNED 

1033
00:41:20,712 --> 00:41:24,782
ABOUT THE CANCER MOONSHOT 

1034
00:41:24,782 --> 00:41:26,017
ASSESSMENTS WERE HOW HARD IT IS 

1035
00:41:26,017 --> 00:41:29,587
TO DO A CLINICAL TRIAL BECAUSE 

1036
00:41:29,587 --> 00:41:32,623
OF THE MANY REQUIREMENTS FOR 

1037
00:41:32,623 --> 00:41:34,592
REQUIRING PATIENT ELIGIBILITY 

1038
00:41:34,592 --> 00:41:37,261
AND TESTING, SOME OF WHICH MIGHT

1039
00:41:37,261 --> 00:41:38,262
NOT MAKE COMMON SENSE.

1040
00:41:38,262 --> 00:41:41,733
SO PRAGMATIC IS TAKING TRIALS 

1041
00:41:41,733 --> 00:41:45,036
AND REMOVING THOSE BARRIERS TO 

1042
00:41:45,036 --> 00:41:45,269
ACCESS.

1043
00:41:45,269 --> 00:41:46,938
WHAT DO YOU REALLY NEED TO BE 

1044
00:41:46,938 --> 00:41:49,440
ABLE TO TEST THIS?

1045
00:41:49,440 --> 00:41:50,742
THIS REQUIRED CLOSE 

1046
00:41:50,742 --> 00:41:52,076
COLLABORATION WITH THE FDA AND 

1047
00:41:52,076 --> 00:41:54,512
WORKING WITH DRUG COMPANIES AND 

1048
00:41:54,512 --> 00:41:56,247
INVESTIGATORS AND PATIENTS TO BE

1049
00:41:56,247 --> 00:41:58,516
ABLE TO PUT TOGETHER A VERY 

1050
00:41:58,516 --> 00:42:00,051
HIGHLY STREAMLINED TRIAL.

1051
00:42:00,051 --> 00:42:05,556
THIS IS A RANDOMIZED PHASE 3 

1052
00:42:05,556 --> 00:42:07,258
CLINICAL TRIAL TESTING FIRSTLINE

1053
00:42:07,258 --> 00:42:10,728
THERAPY THAT IN ONE YEAR HAS 

1054
00:42:10,728 --> 00:42:13,097
ALMOST COMPLETELY ENROLLED AND 

1055
00:42:13,097 --> 00:42:14,198
WILL BE DONE SOON.

1056
00:42:14,198 --> 00:42:18,870
THIS IS WHERE WE NEED TO GO FOR 

1057
00:42:18,870 --> 00:42:19,470
MANY STUDIES.

1058
00:42:19,470 --> 00:42:20,772
WE CAN'T WAIT YEARS FOR THE 

1059
00:42:20,772 --> 00:42:22,940
INFORMATION WE NEED AND WE NEED 

1060
00:42:22,940 --> 00:42:24,509
TO MAKE TRIALS MORE ACCESSIBLE 

1061
00:42:24,509 --> 00:42:26,477
WITHOUT BEING OVERLY BURDENSOME.

1062
00:42:26,477 --> 00:42:28,846
I WANT TO POINT TO THE WAY WE 

1063
00:42:28,846 --> 00:42:31,983
CAN USE AI AND OTHER DIGITAL 

1064
00:42:31,983 --> 00:42:34,719
TOOLS TO MODERNIZE CLINICAL 

1065
00:42:34,719 --> 00:42:34,952
STUDIES.

1066
00:42:34,952 --> 00:42:38,322
WE JUST PUBLISHED RECENTLY ON A 

1067
00:42:38,322 --> 00:42:42,460
PILOT STUDY TO USE TRIAL GPT.

1068
00:42:42,460 --> 00:42:44,462
LIKE CHATGPT TO TRY TO MATCH THE

1069
00:42:44,462 --> 00:42:45,863
PATIENT AND THEIR CONDITION WITH

1070
00:42:45,863 --> 00:42:47,231
THEIR SET OF CIRCUMSTANCES TO 

1071
00:42:47,231 --> 00:42:51,135
THE RIGHT TRIAL SO THAT WE DON'T

1072
00:42:51,135 --> 00:42:52,570
HAVE TO SPEND UNNECESSARY TIME 

1073
00:42:52,570 --> 00:42:58,743
GETTING TO THE RIGHT PLACE.

1074
00:42:58,743 --> 00:43:01,979
I ALREADY MENTIONED IN THE 

1075
00:43:01,979 --> 00:43:03,648
PRAGMATIC TRIAL PARTNERING WITH 

1076
00:43:03,648 --> 00:43:06,317
THE FDA IN THE CLINICAL TRIAL 

1077
00:43:06,317 --> 00:43:06,851
SPACE.

1078
00:43:06,851 --> 00:43:09,654
THE CLINICAL TRIAL INNOVATION 

1079
00:43:09,654 --> 00:43:12,523
UNIT WAS STARTED WITH DR. 

1080
00:43:12,523 --> 00:43:14,025
BERTAGNOLLI WHEN SHE WAS THE NCI

1081
00:43:14,025 --> 00:43:17,829
DIRECTOR TO TEST NOVEL DESIGNS, 

1082
00:43:17,829 --> 00:43:20,698
BIOMARKERS OR STRATEGIES THAT 

1083
00:43:20,698 --> 00:43:24,902
ALLOW FOR MORE EFFECTIVE CARE 

1084
00:43:24,902 --> 00:43:26,370
AND NEW DATA METHODOLOGIES.

1085
00:43:26,370 --> 00:43:28,005
ROAD TEST THEM AT THE FDA WITH 

1086
00:43:28,005 --> 00:43:30,875
THE CLINICAL TRIAL NETWORKS AND 

1087
00:43:30,875 --> 00:43:37,782
NCI STAFF BEFORE WE BRING THEM 

1088
00:43:37,782 --> 00:43:38,316
FORWARD.

1089
00:43:38,316 --> 00:43:40,651
WE ARE ALSO VERY INVESTED IN HOW

1090
00:43:40,651 --> 00:43:42,420
WE BRING CLINICAL RESEARCH INTO 

1091
00:43:42,420 --> 00:43:43,521
THE COMMUNITY.

1092
00:43:43,521 --> 00:43:45,389
80% OF CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVE 

1093
00:43:45,389 --> 00:43:49,594
THEIR CARE OUTSIDE OF ACADEMIC 

1094
00:43:49,594 --> 00:43:51,362
CENTERS AND WE KNOW THERE IS NO 

1095
00:43:51,362 --> 00:43:53,764
CANCER FOR WHICH WE HAVE ALL OF 

1096
00:43:53,764 --> 00:43:55,199
THE ANSWERS.

1097
00:43:55,199 --> 00:43:57,468
THERE IS A GREAT NEED FOR 

1098
00:43:57,468 --> 00:43:58,169
CLINICAL RESEARCH TO BE 

1099
00:43:58,169 --> 00:44:00,304
AVAILABLE FOR PATIENTS ACROSS 

1100
00:44:00,304 --> 00:44:01,439
THE SPACE.

1101
00:44:01,439 --> 00:44:04,075
SO WE CHARGED A WORKING GROUP 

1102
00:44:04,075 --> 00:44:05,376
EARLIER THIS YEAR WHICH JUST 

1103
00:44:05,376 --> 00:44:07,678
REPORTED OUT EARLIER IN DECEMBER

1104
00:44:07,678 --> 00:44:09,380
ASKING THEM HOW TO CRAFT NEW 

1105
00:44:09,380 --> 00:44:14,886
APPROACHES TO BRING LEADING EDGE

1106
00:44:14,886 --> 00:44:17,054
CLINICAL RESEARCH TO CLINICAL 

1107
00:44:17,054 --> 00:44:17,321
SETTINGS.

1108
00:44:17,321 --> 00:44:21,792
IT WAS CHAIRED BY BILL DAHUT AND

1109
00:44:21,792 --> 00:44:29,066
RAY OSAROGIAGBON FROM TENNESSEE 

1110
00:44:29,066 --> 00:44:32,303
WHO IS A N CORE LEADER.

1111
00:44:32,303 --> 00:44:33,771
A LEADER OF A NATIONAL ONCOLOGY 

1112
00:44:33,771 --> 00:44:35,106
RESEARCH PROGRAM.

1113
00:44:35,106 --> 00:44:37,475
LIVING AND WORKING IN COMMUNITY 

1114
00:44:37,475 --> 00:44:37,909
CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.

1115
00:44:37,909 --> 00:44:40,778
WE PARTNERED ACROSS FEDERAL 

1116
00:44:40,778 --> 00:44:42,813
AGENCIESs AS YOU HEARD ABOUT 

1117
00:44:42,813 --> 00:44:45,583
WITH THE CANCER CABINET, VA, 

1118
00:44:45,583 --> 00:44:50,688
CMS, FDA, AND ACROSS ADVOCACY 

1119
00:44:50,688 --> 00:44:53,457
GROUPS AS WELL TO ASK THEM TO 

1120
00:44:53,457 --> 00:44:54,191
BRING SIMILAR TYPE OF 

1121
00:44:54,191 --> 00:44:56,227
RECOMMENDATIONS WE SAW WITH THE 

1122
00:44:56,227 --> 00:44:58,763
BLUE RIBBON PANEL, FOR EXAMPLE.

1123
00:44:58,763 --> 00:45:00,364
THEY BROUGHT US TWO MAJOR 

1124
00:45:00,364 --> 00:45:00,731
RECOMMENDATIONS.

1125
00:45:00,731 --> 00:45:04,235
THE FIRST IS TO BREAK DOWN THE 

1126
00:45:04,235 --> 00:45:05,603
SEPARATION OF CLINICAL RESEARCH 

1127
00:45:05,603 --> 00:45:07,271
AND CLINICAL CARE AND BEGIN TO 

1128
00:45:07,271 --> 00:45:09,540
THINK ABOUT THIS IN A MUCH MORE 

1129
00:45:09,540 --> 00:45:11,108
OF A CONTINUITY.

1130
00:45:11,108 --> 00:45:14,145
GREAT EXAMPLES WITHIN THERE THAT

1131
00:45:14,145 --> 00:45:15,813
WE'LL BE TACKLING OVER THE NEXT 

1132
00:45:15,813 --> 00:45:16,047
YEARS.

1133
00:45:16,047 --> 00:45:20,117
HOW DO WE GET TO ERADICATING 

1134
00:45:20,117 --> 00:45:21,252
CERVICAL CANCER.

1135
00:45:21,252 --> 00:45:23,187
BRINGING ADDITIONAL SCREENING 

1136
00:45:23,187 --> 00:45:25,556
FOR PROSTATE CANCER INTO 

1137
00:45:25,556 --> 00:45:27,058
COMMUNITIES AS WELL AS HOW WE 

1138
00:45:27,058 --> 00:45:28,025
BRING CLINICAL RESEARCH INTO 

1139
00:45:28,025 --> 00:45:28,326
COMMUNITIES.

1140
00:45:28,326 --> 00:45:30,561
SO WE ARE REALLY EXCITED TO WORK

1141
00:45:30,561 --> 00:45:32,863
THROUGH THAT LIST.

1142
00:45:32,863 --> 00:45:35,499
THE SECOND WAS A PROPOSAL TO 

1143
00:45:35,499 --> 00:45:38,236
EXPAND CLINICAL RESEARCH SITES 

1144
00:45:38,236 --> 00:45:39,971
ACROSS COMMUNITY NETWORKS AND 

1145
00:45:39,971 --> 00:45:41,939
PARTNERING WITH PHYSICIANS AND 

1146
00:45:41,939 --> 00:45:45,543
PROVIDERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

1147
00:45:45,543 --> 00:45:49,647
SO A REALLY FORWARD THINKING AND

1148
00:45:49,647 --> 00:45:50,514
EXCITING SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS 

1149
00:45:50,514 --> 00:45:53,918
THAT CAME FROM THIS GROUP.

1150
00:45:53,918 --> 00:45:58,155
AND SO I'M GETTING TO THE END.

1151
00:45:58,155 --> 00:45:59,790
WHAT I THINK THIS HIGHLIGHTS, 

1152
00:45:59,790 --> 00:46:02,259
WHAT CAME FROM THE MOONSHOT WAS 

1153
00:46:02,259 --> 00:46:04,161
NOT JUST A BUNCH OF GRANTS AND A

1154
00:46:04,161 --> 00:46:05,930
BUNCH OF PAPERS, IT WAS A 

1155
00:46:05,930 --> 00:46:08,099
MINDSET THAT DEFINES A DIFFERENT

1156
00:46:08,099 --> 00:46:09,934
ERA OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.

1157
00:46:09,934 --> 00:46:12,803
WE ALL KNOW AN ERA WHERE 

1158
00:46:12,803 --> 00:46:16,240
EVERYTHING WAS TOP DOWN BY 

1159
00:46:16,240 --> 00:46:16,507
NECESSITY.

1160
00:46:16,507 --> 00:46:18,609
DOCTOR KNOWS BEST.

1161
00:46:18,609 --> 00:46:21,412
AN ERA WE LIVED IN BEFORE, 

1162
00:46:21,412 --> 00:46:26,350
RECOGNIZING THE COLLABORATION OF

1163
00:46:26,350 --> 00:46:27,918
MULTIDISCIPLINE CARE.

1164
00:46:27,918 --> 00:46:29,520
NOW BECAUSE OF THE MOONSHOT AND 

1165
00:46:29,520 --> 00:46:31,489
THE WORK TO BRING MORE COMMUNITY

1166
00:46:31,489 --> 00:46:33,557
ENGAGEMENT, TO BRING MORE 

1167
00:46:33,557 --> 00:46:34,625
ENGAGEMENT WITH EARLY STAGE 

1168
00:46:34,625 --> 00:46:38,029
INVESTORS, WE HAVE AN ERA WE ARE

1169
00:46:38,029 --> 00:46:40,564
CALLING 360 WHICH CLOSES THE 

1170
00:46:40,564 --> 00:46:42,066
LOOP IN FULL CIRCLE AROUND THE 

1171
00:46:42,066 --> 00:46:43,000
RESEARCH, THE CARE AND THE 

1172
00:46:43,000 --> 00:46:44,468
PATIENT.

1173
00:46:44,468 --> 00:46:45,770
SO THAT WE CAN DELIVER THE BEST 

1174
00:46:45,770 --> 00:46:50,941
IN WHAT WE DO.

1175
00:46:50,941 --> 00:46:52,777
AND SO THIS JUST HIGHLIGHTS HOW 

1176
00:46:52,777 --> 00:46:53,944
MANY OF THE DIFFERENT THINGS I 

1177
00:46:53,944 --> 00:46:57,248
HAVE TALKED ABOUT HERE TODAY ARE

1178
00:46:57,248 --> 00:46:59,517
HUMAN TISSUE ATLAS NETWORK 

1179
00:46:59,517 --> 00:47:02,353
CONNECTS TO EVEN THE WORK OF THE

1180
00:47:02,353 --> 00:47:04,388
HPV TESTING.

1181
00:47:04,388 --> 00:47:06,223
SO IT ALL FITS TOGETHER AND 

1182
00:47:06,223 --> 00:47:07,725
BRINGS THE PATIENT INTO THE MIX 

1183
00:47:07,725 --> 00:47:08,292
AS WELL.

1184
00:47:08,292 --> 00:47:11,195
NCI INNOVATION WORKING IN 360 

1185
00:47:11,195 --> 00:47:13,664
IS, I THINK, THE ULTIMATE OUTPUT

1186
00:47:13,664 --> 00:47:15,032
OF THE CANCER MOONSHOT.

1187
00:47:15,032 --> 00:47:18,836
THAT IS MY LAST SLIDE AND I'LL 

1188
00:47:18,836 --> 00:47:20,304
TAKE THE NEXT AND THANK YOU VERY

1189
00:47:20,304 --> 00:47:21,038
MUCH.

1190
00:47:21,038 --> 00:47:23,207
I'D BE HAPPY TO TAKE QUESTIONS.

1191
00:47:23,207 --> 00:47:24,275
>> OKAY.

1192
00:47:24,275 --> 00:47:25,710
THANK YOU.

1193
00:47:25,710 --> 00:47:27,211
COULD WE PULL UP -- YEAH.

1194
00:47:27,211 --> 00:47:29,947
# THANKS.

1195
00:47:29,947 --> 00:47:31,482
SO WHO WOULD LIKE TO BEGIN THE 

1196
00:47:31,482 --> 00:47:36,620
QUESTIONS?

1197
00:47:36,620 --> 00:47:36,787
YES.

1198
00:47:36,787 --> 00:47:37,021
GISELLE.

1199
00:47:37,021 --> 00:47:39,523
>> FIRST OF ALL, GOOD
MORNING, 

1200
00:47:39,523 --> 00:47:40,057
EVERYONE.

1201
00:47:40,057 --> 00:47:42,093
I APOLOGIZE FOR MY CONTINUED 

1202
00:47:42,093 --> 00:47:42,493
ZOOM CHALLENGES.

1203
00:47:42,493 --> 00:47:44,628
I'M ACTUALLY ON MY PHONE NOW 

1204
00:47:44,628 --> 00:47:46,297
TRYING TO CONNECT AND RESTARTING

1205
00:47:46,297 --> 00:47:46,764
MY COMPUTER.

1206
00:47:46,764 --> 00:47:49,233
FIRST OF ALL, I JUST WANT TO 

1207
00:47:49,233 --> 00:47:51,402
THANK YOU FOR THIS PRESENTATION.

1208
00:47:51,402 --> 00:47:53,604
HOW INSPIRING IS IT TO HEAR WHEN

1209
00:47:53,604 --> 00:47:55,306
WE PUT OUR EFFORTS AND ATTENTION

1210
00:47:55,306 --> 00:47:57,341
TO A PARTICULAR PROBLEM WHAT WE 

1211
00:47:57,341 --> 00:47:59,243
ARE ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH.

1212
00:47:59,243 --> 00:48:02,379
I HAVE TWO QUESTIONS FOR YOU.

1213
00:48:02,379 --> 00:48:05,082
THE FIRST IS ONE OF THE THINGS I

1214
00:48:05,082 --> 00:48:07,284
WAS LISTENING FOR AND MAY HAVE 

1215
00:48:07,284 --> 00:48:10,254
MISSED ATTENTION TO FINANCIAL 

1216
00:48:10,254 --> 00:48:11,689
TOXICITY AROUND CANCER TREATMENT

1217
00:48:11,689 --> 00:48:13,524
AND CARE.

1218
00:48:13,524 --> 00:48:15,292
AND WONDERING -- I CAN SEE 

1219
00:48:15,292 --> 00:48:17,128
PLENTY OF PLACES WHERE IT WOULD 

1220
00:48:17,128 --> 00:48:18,963
FIT IN, BUT WONDERING IF THERE 

1221
00:48:18,963 --> 00:48:21,999
IS ANY ATTENTION TO THAT AS IT 

1222
00:48:21,999 --> 00:48:22,733
CONTRIBUTES TO SUFFERING FOR 

1223
00:48:22,733 --> 00:48:23,634
CANCER SURVIVORS.

1224
00:48:23,634 --> 00:48:25,336
AND SECOND OF ALL, GIVEN WHAT 

1225
00:48:25,336 --> 00:48:28,472
YOU HAVE BEEN ABLE TO 

1226
00:48:28,472 --> 00:48:30,274
ACCOMPLISH, THERE ARE SO MANY 

1227
00:48:30,274 --> 00:48:32,042
OTHER CONDITIONS THAT COULD 

1228
00:48:32,042 --> 00:48:34,612
BENEFIT FROM THIS KIND OF 

1229
00:48:34,612 --> 00:48:36,647
INTENTIONAL APPROACH, 

1230
00:48:36,647 --> 00:48:39,283
COLLABORATION AND SYNERGY.

1231
00:48:39,283 --> 00:48:41,485
WHAT ARE THE LESSONS LEARNED?

1232
00:48:41,485 --> 00:48:43,320
YOU SUGGESTED SEVERAL DURING THE

1233
00:48:43,320 --> 00:48:44,421
COURSE OF YOUR PRESENTATION?

1234
00:48:44,421 --> 00:48:46,690
I WONDER IF YOU CAN DISTILL THAT

1235
00:48:46,690 --> 00:48:48,592
DOWN AS WE THINK ABOUT OTHER 

1236
00:48:48,592 --> 00:48:50,060
CONDITIONS THAT NEED THIS KIND 

1237
00:48:50,060 --> 00:48:51,428
OF ATTENTION.

1238
00:48:51,428 --> 00:48:52,062
FOR EXAMPLE MENTAL HEALTH IN 

1239
00:48:52,062 --> 00:48:54,698
YOUTH AND THERE ARE A WHOLE 

1240
00:48:54,698 --> 00:48:57,768
RANGE OF THINGS WE COULD THINK 

1241
00:48:57,768 --> 00:48:58,669
ABOUT.

1242
00:48:58,669 --> 00:49:00,371
>> ABSOLUTELY.

1243
00:49:00,371 --> 00:49:01,872
I WILL TAKE FINANCIAL TOXICITY 

1244
00:49:01,872 --> 00:49:02,072
FIRST.

1245
00:49:02,072 --> 00:49:03,974
IT IS A LITTLE MORE RECENT THAT 

1246
00:49:03,974 --> 00:49:06,911
WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO PUT A NAME 

1247
00:49:06,911 --> 00:49:10,581
TO THAT AND SO WE'RE REALLY 

1248
00:49:10,581 --> 00:49:11,816
STARTING TO INCORPORATE THAT IN 

1249
00:49:11,816 --> 00:49:18,622
THE WORK THAT WE DO.

1250
00:49:18,622 --> 00:49:22,493
FOR EXAMPLE, IN ASKING PATIENTS 

1251
00:49:22,493 --> 00:49:24,829
MORE DELIBERATELY HOW THE 

1252
00:49:24,829 --> 00:49:25,863
FINANCIAL EFFECTS OF CANCER 

1253
00:49:25,863 --> 00:49:28,098
TREATMENT ARE IMPACTING THEIR 

1254
00:49:28,098 --> 00:49:30,267
JOB, THEIR LIVELIHOOD OR 

1255
00:49:30,267 --> 00:49:36,874
DECISIONS THAT THEY'RE MAKING.

1256
00:49:36,874 --> 00:49:39,109
SO WE'VE BEEN FUNDING RESEARCH 

1257
00:49:39,109 --> 00:49:42,713
IN THIS AREA FOR QUITE SOME 

1258
00:49:42,713 --> 00:49:42,913
TIME.

1259
00:49:42,913 --> 00:49:44,882
IN OUR ANNUAL CANCER PLAN WE 

1260
00:49:44,882 --> 00:49:46,851
HIGHLIGHTED FOUR AREAS OF FOCUS 

1261
00:49:46,851 --> 00:49:51,121
AND THAT WAS ONE OF OUR AREAS 

1262
00:49:51,121 --> 00:49:58,062
THAT WE SAID THAT NCI REALLY HAS

1263
00:49:58,062 --> 00:50:01,632
TO STEP INTO IS ADDRESSING 

1264
00:50:01,632 --> 00:50:05,970
FINANCIAL TOXICITY.

1265
00:50:05,970 --> 00:50:08,672
STUDYING WAYS TO BETTER APPROACH

1266
00:50:08,672 --> 00:50:08,873
THIS.

1267
00:50:08,873 --> 00:50:11,108
TO YOUR SECOND, I THINK THE 

1268
00:50:11,108 --> 00:50:14,311
BIGGEST LESSON LEARNED IS THAT 

1269
00:50:14,311 --> 00:50:17,948
IT IS IMPORTANT TO HAVE THE 

1270
00:50:17,948 --> 00:50:20,517
VOICES OF MANY MORE STAKEHOLDERS

1271
00:50:20,517 --> 00:50:27,992
TO BE ABLE TO MAKE REALLY GOOD 

1272
00:50:27,992 --> 00:50:34,965
INFORMED RESEARCH PRIORITIES AND

1273
00:50:34,965 --> 00:50:35,232
DECISIONS.

1274
00:50:35,232 --> 00:50:37,635
WE ARE DEFINITELY APPLIED TO 

1275
00:50:37,635 --> 00:50:39,770
THAT EARLY ONSET CANCER.

1276
00:50:39,770 --> 00:50:42,606
WE ARE IN THE EARLY PHASE OF 

1277
00:50:42,606 --> 00:50:44,508
DOING FOCUS WORK AND TALKING TO 

1278
00:50:44,508 --> 00:50:46,577
PEOPLE EXPERIENCING EARLY ONSET 

1279
00:50:46,577 --> 00:50:47,111
CANCERS.

1280
00:50:47,111 --> 00:50:49,680
AND LEARNING A LOT ABOUT WHERE 

1281
00:50:49,680 --> 00:50:51,382
SOME OF THE GAPS ARE.

1282
00:50:51,382 --> 00:50:53,817
AND IT CAN ALLOW US TO PUT SOME 

1283
00:50:53,817 --> 00:50:55,586
OF OUR RESEARCH DOLLARS TO 

1284
00:50:55,586 --> 00:50:59,290
PLACES THAT WILL HAVE REAL 

1285
00:50:59,290 --> 00:51:04,061
IMPACT IN A MUCH MORE MEANINGFUL

1286
00:51:04,061 --> 00:51:05,195
WAY VERY QUICKLY.

1287
00:51:05,195 --> 00:51:08,098
I THINK THE BIGGEST LESSON 

1288
00:51:08,098 --> 00:51:10,267
LEARNED THOUGH IS HAVING A 

1289
00:51:10,267 --> 00:51:11,135
MULTIPRONGED APPROACH THAT WE 

1290
00:51:11,135 --> 00:51:21,645
KEEP COMING BACK TO AND BEING 

1291
00:51:23,013 --> 00:51:29,753
ABLE TO KEEP TESTING EACH OF 

1292
00:51:29,753 --> 00:51:31,155
THOSE 10 RECOMMENDATIONS AND 

1293
00:51:31,155 --> 00:51:32,656
MAKING SURE WE KEEP MAKING 

1294
00:51:32,656 --> 00:51:33,791
ADVANCES ON THEM.

1295
00:51:33,791 --> 00:51:35,759
I REMEMBER WATCHING THIS IN ITS 

1296
00:51:35,759 --> 00:51:37,728
EARLY DAYS AND IT WOULD HAVE 

1297
00:51:37,728 --> 00:51:41,865
BEEN EASY TO FOCUS ON ONE AND 

1298
00:51:41,865 --> 00:51:43,300
LET ANOTHER SLIDE, BUT BECAUSE 

1299
00:51:43,300 --> 00:51:44,868
THEY WERE ALL THERE AND ALL 

1300
00:51:44,868 --> 00:51:48,405
BEING REPORTED ON AND BEING 

1301
00:51:48,405 --> 00:51:50,708
EVALUATED, IT KEPT EACH ONE 

1302
00:51:50,708 --> 00:51:51,108
MOVING.

1303
00:51:51,108 --> 00:51:54,912
AND YOU SAW IN THERE THAT THEY 

1304
00:51:54,912 --> 00:51:56,814
OVERLAPPED ACCEPTING A SPACE FOR

1305
00:51:56,814 --> 00:51:59,216
OVERLAP AND THAT COULD MAKE THE 

1306
00:51:59,216 --> 00:52:02,720
FOCUS ON PEDIATRIC CANCERS AND 

1307
00:52:02,720 --> 00:52:04,755
IMMUNOTHERAPY NETWORKS, ALLOWING

1308
00:52:04,755 --> 00:52:05,990
THOSE TO COME TOGETHER.

1309
00:52:05,990 --> 00:52:08,525
WE ARE KILLING TWO BIRDS WITH 

1310
00:52:08,525 --> 00:52:10,060
ONE STONE IN THAT PARTICULAR 

1311
00:52:10,060 --> 00:52:10,494
CASE.

1312
00:52:10,494 --> 00:52:13,831
IT ALSO MADE MORE ADVANCES FOR 

1313
00:52:13,831 --> 00:52:16,667
BOTH THE IMMUNOLOGISTS AND 

1314
00:52:16,667 --> 00:52:17,901
PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY SPACE.

1315
00:52:17,901 --> 00:52:24,575
>> THANK YOU.

1316
00:52:24,575 --> 00:52:24,775
GARTH.

1317
00:52:24,775 --> 00:52:27,177
>> MY QUESTION IS SPECIFIC
TO 

1318
00:52:27,177 --> 00:52:28,812
THE CHILD GPT PAPER.

1319
00:52:28,812 --> 00:52:30,314
IF YOU COULD CLICK INTO THE 

1320
00:52:30,314 --> 00:52:34,718
IMPACT DATA OR LESSONS LEARNED 

1321
00:52:34,718 --> 00:52:35,652
AND WHETHER OR NOT TOOLS LIKE 

1322
00:52:35,652 --> 00:52:37,755
LARGE MODELS IN THAT CONTEXT 

1323
00:52:37,755 --> 00:52:39,256
WERE ACTUALLY BENEFICIAL.

1324
00:52:39,256 --> 00:52:40,024
>> YEAH.

1325
00:52:40,024 --> 00:52:42,326
SO IT WAS A FIRST PHASE PILOT.

1326
00:52:42,326 --> 00:52:45,496
THERE IS A SECOND PHASE PILOT 

1327
00:52:45,496 --> 00:52:47,464
BECAUSE WE LEARNED THINGS ABOUT 

1328
00:52:47,464 --> 00:52:48,766
PLACES WHERE IT WASN'T ALWAYS 

1329
00:52:48,766 --> 00:52:52,503
RIGHT AND PLACES WHERE IT COULD 

1330
00:52:52,503 --> 00:52:56,206
CREATE CHALLENGES, BUT THE 

1331
00:52:56,206 --> 00:52:59,410
OVERALL IMPRESSION WAS THAT THIS

1332
00:52:59,410 --> 00:53:00,944
IS GOING TO BE A REAL GAME 

1333
00:53:00,944 --> 00:53:01,178
CHANGER.

1334
00:53:01,178 --> 00:53:03,313
I MEAN, IF YOU JUST THINK ABOUT,

1335
00:53:03,313 --> 00:53:05,382
I WAS TALKING TO A PATIENT JUST 

1336
00:53:05,382 --> 00:53:07,351
A COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO WHO 

1337
00:53:07,351 --> 00:53:09,620
REACHED OUT, WHO HAS MEANS, WHO 

1338
00:53:09,620 --> 00:53:11,655
WANTS TO TRAVEL TO FIND THE 

1339
00:53:11,655 --> 00:53:18,395
RIGHT CLINICAL TRIAL FOR THEIR 

1340
00:53:18,395 --> 00:53:18,929
DISEASE.

1341
00:53:18,929 --> 00:53:27,638
ASKING ME SHOULD THEY GO DANA 

1342
00:53:27,638 --> 00:53:27,971
FA

1343
00:53:27,971 --> 00:53:29,907
FARBER OR DUKE OR UCLA.

1344
00:53:29,907 --> 00:53:34,044
TODAY IT INVOLVES A LOT OF PHONE

1345
00:53:34,044 --> 00:53:37,481
CALLS, RELYING ON EXPERTS AND 

1346
00:53:37,481 --> 00:53:39,516
TIME YOU SPENT IN PLANES, CARS 

1347
00:53:39,516 --> 00:53:42,152
AND HOTEL ROOMS, WHICH IS REALLY

1348
00:53:42,152 --> 00:53:43,120
NOT RIGHT.

1349
00:53:43,120 --> 00:53:47,124
AS WE LEARN TO USE TOOLS LIKE 

1350
00:53:47,124 --> 00:53:50,260
CHATGPT IN OUR EVERY DAY 

1351
00:53:50,260 --> 00:53:56,734
PLANNING AND DISCOVERY, THIS 

1352
00:53:56,734 --> 00:53:59,036
WILL BE A REAL OPPORTUNITY.

1353
00:53:59,036 --> 00:54:01,872
IT JUST HAS TO BE DONE RIGHT.

1354
00:54:01,872 --> 00:54:03,307
PATIENT CARE IS SAFETY FIRST AND

1355
00:54:03,307 --> 00:54:07,911
MAKING SURE WE DON'T INCORPORATE

1356
00:54:07,911 --> 00:54:09,279
ANYTHING THAT IS INCORRECT OR 

1357
00:54:09,279 --> 00:54:11,515
LEADS PEOPLE ASTRAY.

1358
00:54:11,515 --> 00:54:14,518
SO THE NEXT PHASE IS GOING TO 

1359
00:54:14,518 --> 00:54:16,887
TAKE IT TO THE NEXT LEVEL AND 

1360
00:54:16,887 --> 00:54:18,956
REALLY ROAD TEST SOME OF THE 

1361
00:54:18,956 --> 00:54:21,992
PARTICULAR CHALLENGES.

1362
00:54:21,992 --> 00:54:22,526
# 

1363
00:54:22,526 --> 00:54:23,227
>> THANK YOU.

1364
00:54:23,227 --> 00:54:28,565
RUSS, YOU ARE NEXT, PLEASE.

1365
00:54:28,565 --> 00:54:35,572
YOU ARE ON MUTE.

1366
00:54:35,572 --> 00:54:42,012
>> CAN YOU HEAR ME NOW?

1367
00:54:42,012 --> 00:54:43,213
>> YES, WE CAN.

1368
00:54:43,213 --> 00:54:48,619
>> OKAY.

1369
00:54:48,619 --> 00:54:49,286
APOLOGIES.

1370
00:54:49,286 --> 00:54:51,355
MY CONGRATULATIONS AS WELL DR. 

1371
00:54:51,355 --> 00:54:53,190
RATHMELL FOR LOOKING AT THE 

1372
00:54:53,190 --> 00:54:54,691
OVERALL CANCER STATISTICS.

1373
00:54:54,691 --> 00:54:56,460
IT IS DRAMATIC HOW MUCH IMPACT 

1374
00:54:56,460 --> 00:54:59,663
ALL OF THIS RESEARCH HAS HAD ON 

1375
00:54:59,663 --> 00:55:01,632
OUR NATIONAL BURDEN OF DISEASE 

1376
00:55:01,632 --> 00:55:02,399
AND SURVIVAL.

1377
00:55:02,399 --> 00:55:05,536
THE TWO QUESTIONS I HAVE FOR YOU

1378
00:55:05,536 --> 00:55:07,070
ARE NUMBER ONE, IN A BROADER 

1379
00:55:07,070 --> 00:55:11,108
SENSE IN TERMS OF THE FINANCIAL 

1380
00:55:11,108 --> 00:55:12,910
TOXICITY ISSUE, MANY OF THESE 

1381
00:55:12,910 --> 00:55:15,112
GREAT THERAPIES COMING OUT OF 

1382
00:55:15,112 --> 00:55:19,783
THESE STUDIES ARE REMARKABLY 

1383
00:55:19,783 --> 00:55:22,319
EXPENSIVE, LIKE CAR T IS HALF A 

1384
00:55:22,319 --> 00:55:24,821
MILLION TO A MILLION DOLLARS PER

1385
00:55:24,821 --> 00:55:25,055
PATIENT.

1386
00:55:25,055 --> 00:55:26,823
I DON'T THINK THAT IS A 

1387
00:55:26,823 --> 00:55:28,392
SUPPORTABLE COST IN OUR HEALTH 

1388
00:55:28,392 --> 00:55:30,427
ECOSYSTEM WHERE I'M NOT ALLOWED 

1389
00:55:30,427 --> 00:55:32,930
TO GET AN MRI FOR SOMEONE WITH 

1390
00:55:32,930 --> 00:55:35,465
CHRONIC BACK PROBLEMS OVER COST 

1391
00:55:35,465 --> 00:55:35,699
ISSUES.

1392
00:55:35,699 --> 00:55:39,336
IS THERE A THOUGHT TO 

1393
00:55:39,336 --> 00:55:40,938
PRIORITIZING SECOND-LEVEL 

1394
00:55:40,938 --> 00:55:41,872
APPROACHES THAT WOULD HAVE 

1395
00:55:41,872 --> 00:55:43,607
HIGHER COST EFFECTIVENESS?

1396
00:55:43,607 --> 00:55:49,413
I'M THINKING OF OFF THE SHELF 

1397
00:55:49,413 --> 00:55:50,147
CAR T?

1398
00:55:50,147 --> 00:55:51,949
HOW IS THAT PRIORITIZED IN THE 

1399
00:55:51,949 --> 00:55:54,851
NCI PORTFOLIO AND THE SECOND AND

1400
00:55:54,851 --> 00:55:55,886
RELATED QUESTION, ANY TIME THERE

1401
00:55:55,886 --> 00:56:00,057
IS A BOLUS FUNDING, WHEN IT ENDS

1402
00:56:00,057 --> 00:56:02,559
THERE ARE SOME REAL CHALLENGES.

1403
00:56:02,559 --> 00:56:05,562
YOU'VE LAUNCHED A CAREER OF 

1404
00:56:05,562 --> 00:56:06,697
ABOUT 80 YOUNG INVESTIGATORS 

1405
00:56:06,697 --> 00:56:08,799
WITH THE MOONSHOT MONEY, WHICH 

1406
00:56:08,799 --> 00:56:09,433
IS FANTASTIC.

1407
00:56:09,433 --> 00:56:11,768
YOU HAVE SUPPORTED SOME 

1408
00:56:11,768 --> 00:56:14,404
INCREDIBLE WORK IN AT LEAST 20 

1409
00:56:14,404 --> 00:56:16,240
DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS.

1410
00:56:16,240 --> 00:56:17,674
THAT EYE CHART GRAPH SHOWING 

1411
00:56:17,674 --> 00:56:19,376
JUST SOME OF THE WORK HERE IS 

1412
00:56:19,376 --> 00:56:19,676
REMARKABLE.

1413
00:56:19,676 --> 00:56:21,912
BUT IT IS NOT SUSTAINABLE 

1414
00:56:21,912 --> 00:56:24,715
WITHOUT THAT CONTINUED LEVEL OF 

1415
00:56:24,715 --> 00:56:25,582
FUNDING AND IF YOU COULD SPEAK 

1416
00:56:25,582 --> 00:56:27,584
TO SOME OF THE CHALLENGES YOU 

1417
00:56:27,584 --> 00:56:29,219
ARE HAVING AS AN INSTITUTE 

1418
00:56:29,219 --> 00:56:30,320
DIRECTOR NOW IN THE POST 

1419
00:56:30,320 --> 00:56:32,756
MOONSHOT TRANSITION.

1420
00:56:32,756 --> 00:56:35,959
>> YEAH.

1421
00:56:35,959 --> 00:56:38,629
I'LL TAKE FIRST THE CAR T.

1422
00:56:38,629 --> 00:56:42,933
SO THIS IS A FIELD IN EVOLUTION 

1423
00:56:42,933 --> 00:56:47,337
AND SOME OF THE WORK WILL BE 

1424
00:56:47,337 --> 00:56:50,407
VERY CUSTOMIZED AND EXPENSIVE 

1425
00:56:50,407 --> 00:56:52,442
BEFORE IT BECOMES OFF THE SHELF.

1426
00:56:52,442 --> 00:56:55,312
THAT IS A REAL AREA FOR FOCUS 

1427
00:56:55,312 --> 00:56:57,414
AND IN FACT THERE ARE STUDIES 

1428
00:56:57,414 --> 00:56:58,115
TRYING TO MOVE INTO THAT 

1429
00:56:58,115 --> 00:56:59,182
DIRECTION AS WELL AS COMPANIES 

1430
00:56:59,182 --> 00:57:01,618
THAT ARE TAKING THINGS INTO THAT

1431
00:57:01,618 --> 00:57:01,919
DIRECTION.

1432
00:57:01,919 --> 00:57:05,355
I THINK BACK TO, I WAS A POST 

1433
00:57:05,355 --> 00:57:08,325
DOCTORAL FELLOW AT THE 

1434
00:57:08,325 --> 00:57:09,826
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA WHEN 

1435
00:57:09,826 --> 00:57:12,996
KARL JUNG WAS PIONEERING CAR Ts 

1436
00:57:12,996 --> 00:57:15,332
AND NO ONE THOUGHT IT COULD BE 

1437
00:57:15,332 --> 00:57:17,367
DONE FOR ANY MORE THAN ONE OR 

1438
00:57:17,367 --> 00:57:18,568
TWO PATIENTS AT A TIME AND HERE 

1439
00:57:18,568 --> 00:57:19,736
WE ARE TODAY.

1440
00:57:19,736 --> 00:57:23,206
SO THE OPPORTUNITIES ARE REAL.

1441
00:57:23,206 --> 00:57:25,909
WE ALSO NEED ECONOMIC REALITIES 

1442
00:57:25,909 --> 00:57:27,411
TO HELP SHAPE THEM TO THE PLACE 

1443
00:57:27,411 --> 00:57:30,647
WHERE THEY NEED TO BE.

1444
00:57:30,647 --> 00:57:34,351
IN TERMS OF THE EXPLOSION OF 

1445
00:57:34,351 --> 00:57:36,887
OPPORTUNITY THERE, JUST ONE 

1446
00:57:36,887 --> 00:57:39,122
EXAMPLE OF THE WAYNICK CAN HELP 

1447
00:57:39,122 --> 00:57:42,859
WITH THAT IS WE DO GMP 

1448
00:57:42,859 --> 00:57:43,627
PRODUCTION AT THE FREDERICK 

1449
00:57:43,627 --> 00:57:46,330
NATIONAL LABS AND SO SOME OF 

1450
00:57:46,330 --> 00:57:48,098
THESE STUDIES THAT COULD 

1451
00:57:48,098 --> 00:57:49,766
PREVIOUSLY ONLY BE DONE AT ONE 

1452
00:57:49,766 --> 00:57:52,369
INSTITUTION WE CAN HELP TO 

1453
00:57:52,369 --> 00:57:54,771
DERISK AND ALLOW THE SAMPLES TO 

1454
00:57:54,771 --> 00:57:56,707
BE PAIR AND DISTRIBUTED SO THEY 

1455
00:57:56,707 --> 00:57:58,942
CAN BE OPEN IN MULTISITE TRIALS 

1456
00:57:58,942 --> 00:58:01,111
AND ADVANCE THIS AND GET TO THE 

1457
00:58:01,111 --> 00:58:02,679
PLACE WHERE WE ALL WANT TO BE 

1458
00:58:02,679 --> 00:58:04,648
WHERE THIS IS GIVEN TO THE RIGHT

1459
00:58:04,648 --> 00:58:06,483
PATIENT AT THE RIGHT TIME AND AT

1460
00:58:06,483 --> 00:58:07,384
THE RIGHT COST.

1461
00:58:07,384 --> 00:58:11,722
YOU ARE EXACTLY RIGHT TO POINT 

1462
00:58:11,722 --> 00:58:15,492
OUT THAT THE END OF THE MOONSHOT

1463
00:58:15,492 --> 00:58:18,962
FUNDING WAS NOTICEABLE.

1464
00:58:18,962 --> 00:58:21,798
OUR DELTA IN REAL DOLLARS WAS 

1465
00:58:21,798 --> 00:58:24,101
$96 MILLION DECREASED THIS YEAR,

1466
00:58:24,101 --> 00:58:25,635
EVEN THOUGH WE DID SEE AN 

1467
00:58:25,635 --> 00:58:31,475
INCREASE TO OUR BASE.

1468
00:58:31,475 --> 00:58:31,908
YES.

1469
00:58:31,908 --> 00:58:34,244
THAT DOES MEAN A CHALLENGE FOR 

1470
00:58:34,244 --> 00:58:35,412
NEW INVESTIGATORS AND A MAJOR 

1471
00:58:35,412 --> 00:58:37,647
EFFORT WE ARE UNDERTAKING TO 

1472
00:58:37,647 --> 00:58:38,882
REPRIORITIZE TO CONTINUE TO 

1473
00:58:38,882 --> 00:58:39,850
SUPPORT OUR INVESTIGATORS ACROSS

1474
00:58:39,850 --> 00:58:43,487
THE NATION.

1475
00:58:43,487 --> 00:58:45,989
WE DO SEE EXACTLY THE PHENOMENON

1476
00:58:45,989 --> 00:58:47,090
YOU DESCRIBED.

1477
00:58:47,090 --> 00:58:47,924
THE NUMBER OF INVESTIGATORS 

1478
00:58:47,924 --> 00:58:50,627
PUTTING IN GRANTS IS HIGHER 

1479
00:58:50,627 --> 00:58:52,896
TODAY AND THAT'S ACTUALLY BEEN 

1480
00:58:52,896 --> 00:58:55,665
THE BIGGEST BARRIER TO US BEING 

1481
00:58:55,665 --> 00:58:58,935
ABLE TO CHANGE OUR PAY LINE AND 

1482
00:58:58,935 --> 00:59:02,806
GET IT UP MORE WHEN WE HAVE A 

1483
00:59:02,806 --> 00:59:04,107
BIGGER DENOMINATOR OF GRANTS 

1484
00:59:04,107 --> 00:59:05,509
COMING IN THE DOOR NOT TO 

1485
00:59:05,509 --> 00:59:07,944
MENTION THE GRANTS ARE GETTING 

1486
00:59:07,944 --> 00:59:08,979
BIGGER.

1487
00:59:08,979 --> 00:59:12,249
THESE ARE THE ECONOMIC ARGUMENTS

1488
00:59:12,249 --> 00:59:14,484
I'M USING WHEN TALKING TO 

1489
00:59:14,484 --> 00:59:15,986
MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO 

1490
00:59:15,986 --> 00:59:16,820
UNDERSTAND THE TREMENDOUS NEED 

1491
00:59:16,820 --> 00:59:18,488
FOR THE WORK, THE RETURN ON 

1492
00:59:18,488 --> 00:59:20,056
INVESTMENT AND THE OPPORTUNITIES

1493
00:59:20,056 --> 00:59:22,692
IT PROVIDES IN TERMS OF A 

1494
00:59:22,692 --> 00:59:24,161
SKILLED WORKFORCE IN BRINGING 

1495
00:59:24,161 --> 00:59:25,162
NEW TREATMENTS AND THEY WORRY 

1496
00:59:25,162 --> 00:59:27,564
ABOUT THE EXPENSE OF THE 

1497
00:59:27,564 --> 00:59:28,665
TREATMENTS, BUT NEW 

1498
00:59:28,665 --> 00:59:30,967
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREVENTION, 

1499
00:59:30,967 --> 00:59:32,035
EARLY DETECTION, TO MANAGE 

1500
00:59:32,035 --> 00:59:36,406
CANCERS BEFORE THEY ARE HIGHLY 

1501
00:59:36,406 --> 00:59:38,442
ADVANCED AND FOCUSES AS WELL ON 

1502
00:59:38,442 --> 00:59:42,612
SURVIVAL AND SURVIVORSHIP.

1503
00:59:42,612 --> 00:59:45,115
SO THIS IS WORK THAT COSTS REAL 

1504
00:59:45,115 --> 00:59:50,587
MONEY IF WE CONTINUE TO BE HELD 

1505
00:59:50,587 --> 00:59:54,424
TO A VERY TIGHT BUDGET, IT WILL 

1506
00:59:54,424 --> 00:59:56,426
FEEL THE SQUEEZE ACROSS THE 

1507
00:59:56,426 --> 00:59:56,760
COUNTRY.

1508
00:59:56,760 --> 00:59:57,427
>> THANK YOU.

1509
00:59:57,427 --> 00:59:58,562
MONICA, BACK TO YOU.

1510
00:59:58,562 --> 00:59:59,963
WE ARE JUST ABOUT AT TIME.

1511
00:59:59,963 --> 01:00:00,964
>> OKAY.

1512
01:00:00,964 --> 01:00:02,032
FANTASTIC.

1513
01:00:02,032 --> 01:00:04,968
I JUST WANT TO EMPHASIZE JUST 

1514
01:00:04,968 --> 01:00:08,038
ONE OTHER, I THINK FOR ME, 

1515
01:00:08,038 --> 01:00:11,575
INCREDIBLE COMPONENT OF THE 

1516
01:00:11,575 --> 01:00:13,677
MANAGEMENT THAT NCI HAS 

1517
01:00:13,677 --> 01:00:16,413
ACCOMPLISHED UNDER DR. 

1518
01:00:16,413 --> 01:00:17,881
RATHMELL'S LEADERSHIP AND THAT 

1519
01:00:17,881 --> 01:00:21,451
IS JUST LOOK AT THE TREMENDOUS 

1520
01:00:21,451 --> 01:00:24,621
IMPACT OF BOTH INVESTMENTS IN 

1521
01:00:24,621 --> 01:00:26,523
INFRASTRUCTURE, SUSTAINED 

1522
01:00:26,523 --> 01:00:30,160
INFRASTRUCTURE THAT MANY PEOPLE 

1523
01:00:30,160 --> 01:00:32,262
CAN TAKE ADVANTAGE OF AS WELL AS

1524
01:00:32,262 --> 01:00:36,867
THE PARTNERSHIPS THAT ARE 

1525
01:00:36,867 --> 01:00:39,836
CREATED BY PUTTING FUNDING INTO 

1526
01:00:39,836 --> 01:00:46,910
COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES.

1527
01:00:46,910 --> 01:00:49,946
I THINK THAT ALSO SOMETHING WE 

1528
01:00:49,946 --> 01:00:58,555
RECOGNIZE AS A TREMENDOUS 

1529
01:00:58,555 --> 01:00:59,122
ACCELERANT.

1530
01:00:59,122 --> 01:01:00,023
THANK YOU FOR A WONDERFUL 

1531
01:01:00,023 --> 01:01:02,559
PRESENTATION AND, BOY, WHAT AN 

1532
01:01:02,559 --> 01:01:04,027
ACTION-PACKED YEAR YOU'VE HAD.

1533
01:01:04,027 --> 01:01:04,394
CONGRATULATIONS.

1534
01:01:04,394 --> 01:01:05,295
>> THANK YOU.

1535
01:01:05,295 --> 01:01:07,998
>> SO MUCH ACCOMPLISHED IN
SUCH 

1536
01:01:07,998 --> 01:01:09,533
A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.

1537
01:01:09,533 --> 01:01:11,468
WE ARE GOING TO MOVE FORWARD TO 

1538
01:01:11,468 --> 01:01:13,737
OUR NEXT PRESENTATION.

1539
01:01:13,737 --> 01:01:15,438
WE'RE GOING TO HEAR FROM DR. 

1540
01:01:15,438 --> 01:01:16,339
NORA VOLKOW.

1541
01:01:16,339 --> 01:01:20,076
AND SHE IS GOING TO TALK TO US 

1542
01:01:20,076 --> 01:01:22,412
ABOUT THE ABCD STUDY.

1543
01:01:22,412 --> 01:01:25,348
OUR STUDY OF ADOLESCENT BRAIN 

1544
01:01:25,348 --> 01:01:26,283
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.

1545
01:01:26,283 --> 01:01:27,751
NORA, TAKE IT AWAY.

1546
01:01:27,751 --> 01:01:29,352
>> MONICA, THANKS A LOT.

1547
01:01:29,352 --> 01:01:30,787
AND GOOD MORNING, EVERYONE.

1548
01:01:30,787 --> 01:01:32,689
IT IS A PLEASURE TO BE ABLE TO 

1549
01:01:32,689 --> 01:01:34,591
SPEAK TO YOU ABOUT THE 

1550
01:01:34,591 --> 01:01:35,659
ADOLESCENT BRAIN COGNITIVE 

1551
01:01:35,659 --> 01:01:37,127
DEVELOPMENT STUDY.

1552
01:01:37,127 --> 01:01:38,762
I JUST WISH I WERE THERE WITH 

1553
01:01:38,762 --> 01:01:39,930
ALL OF YOU.

1554
01:01:39,930 --> 01:01:41,865
WE ENDED UP VIRTUAL.

1555
01:01:41,865 --> 01:01:45,101
SO THE ABCD STUDY IS ACTUALLY 

1556
01:01:45,101 --> 01:01:47,103
REMARKABLE IN MANY WAYS.

1557
01:01:47,103 --> 01:01:49,606
I WILL START BY SAYING IT IS 

1558
01:01:49,606 --> 01:01:53,710
EXEMPLIFIES SOMETHING THAT 

1559
01:01:53,710 --> 01:01:55,211
ACTUALLY HIGHLIGHTS THE ABILITY 

1560
01:01:55,211 --> 01:01:57,247
OF THE INSTITUTES TO COME 

1561
01:01:57,247 --> 01:01:59,749
TOGETHER AND TO FORM A 

1562
01:01:59,749 --> 01:02:01,318
FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION EFFORT TO

1563
01:02:01,318 --> 01:02:03,687
ADVANCE THE SCIENCE IN WAYS THAT

1564
01:02:03,687 --> 01:02:06,656
IT CAN HELP EVERYONE.

1565
01:02:06,656 --> 01:02:09,726
THE IDEA STARTED I THINK ONE 

1566
01:02:09,726 --> 01:02:12,963
DECADE AGO, PROBABLY MORE, AND 

1567
01:02:12,963 --> 01:02:15,832
IT WAS BOTH ME AND DR. -- AND 

1568
01:02:15,832 --> 01:02:17,434
THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF 

1569
01:02:17,434 --> 01:02:19,102
ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM 

1570
01:02:19,102 --> 01:02:20,670
DISCUSSING HOW VALUABLE IT WOULD

1571
01:02:20,670 --> 01:02:23,440
BE FOR US IN THE FIELD OF 

1572
01:02:23,440 --> 01:02:24,941
ADDICTION TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 

1573
01:02:24,941 --> 01:02:27,177
IT ABOUT THE HUMAN BRAIN DURING 

1574
01:02:27,177 --> 01:02:29,079
ADOLESCENTS THAT MAKES IT SO 

1575
01:02:29,079 --> 01:02:31,715
VERY VULNERABLE TO THE USE OF 

1576
01:02:31,715 --> 01:02:32,515
DRUGS, TO PEER PRESSURE?

1577
01:02:32,515 --> 01:02:34,351
AND ULTIMATELY PUTS THEM AT SUCH

1578
01:02:34,351 --> 01:02:38,622
A HIGH RISK OF ADDICTION AS WELL

1579
01:02:38,622 --> 01:02:40,890
AS OTHER BEHAVIORS THAT ARE ONE 

1580
01:02:40,890 --> 01:02:43,893
OF THE MAIN CAUSES OF MORBIDITY 

1581
01:02:43,893 --> 01:02:44,995
AND MORTALITY AT THIS AGE.

1582
01:02:44,995 --> 01:02:47,797
WE WERE SALIVATING BECAUSE WE 

1583
01:02:47,797 --> 01:02:51,067
WERE AWARE OF ALL OF THE 

1584
01:02:51,067 --> 01:02:53,036
TECHNOLOGIES BEING DEVELOPED 

1585
01:02:53,036 --> 01:02:55,538
THAT ALLOW YOU LOOK INTO THE 

1586
01:02:55,538 --> 01:02:57,440
HUMAN BRAIN NONINVASIVELY.

1587
01:02:57,440 --> 01:02:59,643
WE PUT OUR HEADS TOGETHER AND 

1588
01:02:59,643 --> 01:03:01,444
THE ABCD WAS BORN.

1589
01:03:01,444 --> 01:03:04,581
HOW ABOUT IF WE DO IT JOINTLY.

1590
01:03:04,581 --> 01:03:06,850
WE DID IT JOINTLY WITH THE 

1591
01:03:06,850 --> 01:03:08,418
NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, TO 

1592
01:03:08,418 --> 01:03:12,088
PUT RESOURCES TO DO THE LARGEST 

1593
01:03:12,088 --> 01:03:16,092
STUDY EVER DONE AND MONITOR THE 

1594
01:03:16,092 --> 01:03:18,728
DEVELOPMENT OF TRAJECTORIES OF 

1595
01:03:18,728 --> 01:03:21,765
THE HUMAN BRAIN THEREFORE IN A 

1596
01:03:21,765 --> 01:03:25,168
PERSPECTIVE WAY ACROSS A LARGE 

1597
01:03:25,168 --> 01:03:25,935
CORPORATE STUDY.

1598
01:03:25,935 --> 01:03:27,370
THIS IS HOW IT WAS BORN.

1599
01:03:27,370 --> 01:03:28,938
THE FIRST WE PROVIDED THE 

1600
01:03:28,938 --> 01:03:32,442
FUNDING AND THE FIRST 

1601
01:03:32,442 --> 01:03:33,943
RECRUITMENT OF CURE IN 2016 AND 

1602
01:03:33,943 --> 01:03:36,312
WE WERE NOW 18 YEARS LATER.

1603
01:03:36,312 --> 01:03:38,848
BUT WHAT ACTUALLY DROVE US TO 

1604
01:03:38,848 --> 01:03:41,685
COME TO THE IMPORTANCE OF 

1605
01:03:41,685 --> 01:03:44,020
LAUNCHING THIS ABCD APART FROM 

1606
01:03:44,020 --> 01:03:46,556
RECOGNIZING HOW VALUABLE IT WAS?

1607
01:03:46,556 --> 01:03:48,024
THERE WERE MANY ISSUES THAT WERE

1608
01:03:48,024 --> 01:03:49,092
HAPPENING AT THAT TIME THAT LED 

1609
01:03:49,092 --> 01:03:52,262
TO IT.

1610
01:03:52,262 --> 01:03:54,597
IF I CAN HAVE THE NEXT SLIDE.

1611
01:03:54,597 --> 01:03:57,033
NUMBER ONE, THE RECOGNITION ALL 

1612
01:03:57,033 --> 01:03:59,002
ALONG IN MEDICINE THAT 

1613
01:03:59,002 --> 01:04:00,437
ADOLESCENTS IS NOT JUST A PERIOD

1614
01:04:00,437 --> 01:04:02,772
OF HIGH RISK FOR TAKING DRUGS, 

1615
01:04:02,772 --> 01:04:10,980
BUT IF YOU LOOK AT TWO 

1616
01:04:10,980 --> 01:04:12,716
CHIMPBT -- WHO HAS BEEN LEADING 

1617
01:04:12,716 --> 01:04:15,485
THE STUDY WHO WERE AT THE TIME 

1618
01:04:15,485 --> 01:04:17,887
OF 20169 TO 10 YEARS OLD SHLGS 

1619
01:04:17,887 --> 01:04:24,327
WHICH WERE THE CHILDREN WE WERE 

1620
01:04:24,327 --> 01:04:25,862
RECRUITING FOR ABCD.

1621
01:04:25,862 --> 01:04:26,963
FOLLOWED UP FOR SIX YEARS.

1622
01:04:26,963 --> 01:04:29,799
WHAT IS STRIKING IS HOW 

1623
01:04:29,799 --> 01:04:32,635
DRAMATICALLY THESE CHILDREN NOW 

1624
01:04:32,635 --> 01:04:36,473
TURNING DOSH ARE CHANGING AND 

1625
01:04:36,473 --> 01:04:37,440
THIS CONNOTES THE IMPORTANCE OF 

1626
01:04:37,440 --> 01:04:40,777
UNDERSTANDING BETTER WHAT ARE 

1627
01:04:40,777 --> 01:04:41,878
THE BIOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS AND

1628
01:04:41,878 --> 01:04:45,381
THE INFLUENCE OF THOSE 

1629
01:04:45,381 --> 01:04:45,949
BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES BY 

1630
01:04:45,949 --> 01:04:48,752
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS.

1631
01:04:48,752 --> 01:04:52,021
SO THE RECOGNITION THAT THIS IS 

1632
01:04:52,021 --> 01:04:53,556
A PERIOD OF TREMENDOUS 

1633
01:04:53,556 --> 01:04:56,059
TRANSITION AND CHANGE.

1634
01:04:56,059 --> 01:04:58,728
AT THAT TIME ALSO WE WERE VERY 

1635
01:04:58,728 --> 01:04:59,662
SENSITIVE AND THIS WAS AN 

1636
01:04:59,662 --> 01:05:01,231
IMPORTANT QUESTION IN OUR 

1637
01:05:01,231 --> 01:05:03,433
COUNTRY THAT THERE WERE 

1638
01:05:03,433 --> 01:05:05,101
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE 

1639
01:05:05,101 --> 01:05:06,970
PATTERNS OF DRUG USE AMONG 

1640
01:05:06,970 --> 01:05:10,907
TEENAGERS AND THE LANDSCAPE WAS 

1641
01:05:10,907 --> 01:05:14,511
CHANGING QUITE DRAMATICALLY.

1642
01:05:14,511 --> 01:05:16,646
THE PARTICULAR CONCERN WAS 

1643
01:05:16,646 --> 01:05:17,447
LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA BY 

1644
01:05:17,447 --> 01:05:19,883
MULTIPLE STATES.

1645
01:05:19,883 --> 01:05:26,389
IT IS STILL AN ILLICIT DRUG, 

1646
01:05:26,389 --> 01:05:30,360
STATES WERE MAKING IT LEGAL FOR 

1647
01:05:30,360 --> 01:05:32,729
RECREATION OR MEDICINAL 

1648
01:05:32,729 --> 01:05:33,029
PURPOSES.

1649
01:05:33,029 --> 01:05:37,801
THE USE OF SUBSTANCES IN 

1650
01:05:37,801 --> 01:05:39,135
ADOLESCENT CREATES MORE 

1651
01:05:39,135 --> 01:05:41,538
CONSEQUENCES THAN LATER IN THE 

1652
01:05:41,538 --> 01:05:41,838
LIFE.

1653
01:05:41,838 --> 01:05:44,174
THE BRAIN IS TREMENDOUSLY 

1654
01:05:44,174 --> 01:05:44,841
NEUROPLASTIC AND AS A RESULT OF 

1655
01:05:44,841 --> 01:05:46,943
THAT DRUGS ARE MORE LIKELY TO 

1656
01:05:46,943 --> 01:05:48,077
PRODUCE CHANGES THAT ARE GOING 

1657
01:05:48,077 --> 01:05:50,847
TO BE LONG LASTING.

1658
01:05:50,847 --> 01:05:55,018
INDEED, THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND 

1659
01:05:55,018 --> 01:06:00,256
DATA DOES CORROBORATE THIS TO BE

1660
01:06:00,256 --> 01:06:01,891
THE STATE.

1661
01:06:01,891 --> 01:06:03,793
THE LEGALIZATION WOULD MAKE 

1662
01:06:03,793 --> 01:06:05,862
TEENAGERS MORE LIKELY TO TAKE 

1663
01:06:05,862 --> 01:06:07,163
DRUGS AND WE WANTED TO 

1664
01:06:07,163 --> 01:06:08,698
UNDERSTAND THE CONSEQUENCES.

1665
01:06:08,698 --> 01:06:09,933
EVEN THOUGH THERE HAS BEEN A LOT

1666
01:06:09,933 --> 01:06:11,367
OF WORK ON UNDERSTANDING HOW THE

1667
01:06:11,367 --> 01:06:13,837
USE OF WORKS IN ADOLESCENTS 

1668
01:06:13,837 --> 01:06:15,338
AFFECTS THE BRAINS, THERE HAVE 

1669
01:06:15,338 --> 01:06:19,008
BEEN A LOT OF QUESTIONS REGARDS 

1670
01:06:19,008 --> 01:06:21,911
THESE ASSOCIATIONS BROUGHT UP BY

1671
01:06:21,911 --> 01:06:24,180
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES THAT 

1672
01:06:24,180 --> 01:06:26,783
SHOW THAT CHILDREN THAT GET 

1673
01:06:26,783 --> 01:06:27,650
EXPOSED TO MARIJUANA ARE MUCH 

1674
01:06:27,650 --> 01:06:31,120
MORE LIKELY TO END UP WITH 

1675
01:06:31,120 --> 01:06:33,957
PSYCHOTIC DISEASES INCLUDING 

1676
01:06:33,957 --> 01:06:39,395
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND DROPOUT OF 

1677
01:06:39,395 --> 01:06:42,899
SCHOOL AND PERFORM WORSE LATER 

1678
01:06:42,899 --> 01:06:43,933
ON COGNITIVE TESTS.

1679
01:06:43,933 --> 01:06:44,701
THE CHALLENGE WAS HOW DO YOU 

1680
01:06:44,701 --> 01:06:46,536
KNOW THESE KIDS WERE NO 

1681
01:06:46,536 --> 01:06:48,004
DIFFERENT TO START WITH AND THAT

1682
01:06:48,004 --> 01:06:50,039
IS WHY THEY CONSUME MARIJUANA?

1683
01:06:50,039 --> 01:06:51,474
IT WAS A VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIN

1684
01:06:51,474 --> 01:06:54,143
TO ASK AND NOT JUST FOR 

1685
01:06:54,143 --> 01:06:54,477
MARIJUANA.

1686
01:06:54,477 --> 01:06:56,279
IT WAS ALSO IMPORTANT TO ASK FOR

1687
01:06:56,279 --> 01:06:57,981
ALCOHOL, FOR NICOTINE.

1688
01:06:57,981 --> 01:06:58,915
IMPORTANTLY WE RECOGNIZE THERE 

1689
01:06:58,915 --> 01:07:01,117
HAS BEEN A SHIFT IN THE PATTERNS

1690
01:07:01,117 --> 01:07:02,585
OF DRUG USE BY TEENAGERS.

1691
01:07:02,585 --> 01:07:08,992
FOR EXAMPLE, AT THAT TIME THERE 

1692
01:07:08,992 --> 01:07:10,994
WAS ELECTRIC CIGARETTES.

1693
01:07:10,994 --> 01:07:13,830
CLOSE TO 30% OF TEENAGERS WERE 

1694
01:07:13,830 --> 01:07:16,032
ALREADY USING WITHIN TWO YEARS 

1695
01:07:16,032 --> 01:07:20,770
THESE VAPING DEVICES, 

1696
01:07:20,770 --> 01:07:21,804
OUTSTANDING TOOLS TO DELIVER 

1697
01:07:21,804 --> 01:07:22,972
HIGH DOSES OF DRUGS AND VERY, 

1698
01:07:22,972 --> 01:07:23,273
VERY FAST.

1699
01:07:23,273 --> 01:07:25,909
SO WE NEEDED TO KNOW THAT.

1700
01:07:25,909 --> 01:07:28,044
MEANWHILE THE MOMENT WAS ALSO 

1701
01:07:28,044 --> 01:07:30,413
RIGHT BECAUSE THE TECHNOLOGY 

1702
01:07:30,413 --> 01:07:32,048
ADVANCED IN SUCH A WAY THAT MANY

1703
01:07:32,048 --> 01:07:35,418
OF THE ACADEMIC CENTERS HAD 

1704
01:07:35,418 --> 01:07:37,487
ACCESS TO SOPHISTICATED IMAGING 

1705
01:07:37,487 --> 01:07:39,789
DEVICES THAT ALLOWED IN DEPTH 

1706
01:07:39,789 --> 01:07:42,926
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BRAIN.

1707
01:07:42,926 --> 01:07:46,930
NONINVASIVELY, THE ACCESS TO 

1708
01:07:46,930 --> 01:07:51,534
COMPUTERS AND WEARABLE DEVICES 

1709
01:07:51,534 --> 01:07:52,602
PROVIDE AN IN DEPTH 

1710
01:07:52,602 --> 01:07:55,305
CHARACTERIZATION AND THE 

1711
01:07:55,305 --> 01:07:57,473
REPOSITORIES THAT ARE COLLECTING

1712
01:07:57,473 --> 01:07:58,641
DATA ACROSS DIFFERENT 

1713
01:07:58,641 --> 01:08:00,710
INSTITUTIONS ALLOWED THEM THE 

1714
01:08:00,710 --> 01:08:02,712
POSSIBILITY OF GENERATING A 

1715
01:08:02,712 --> 01:08:05,014
LARGE COHORT STUDY THAT WOULD BE

1716
01:08:05,014 --> 01:08:06,716
EVALUATED IN GREAT DETAIL 

1717
01:08:06,716 --> 01:08:14,290
MULTIPLE PARAMETERS RELEVANT TO 

1718
01:08:14,290 --> 01:08:21,497
HUMAN BRAIN DEVELOPMENT.

1719
01:08:21,497 --> 01:08:23,933
THERE WAS AN ENORMOUS INTEREST 

1720
01:08:23,933 --> 01:08:25,234
FROM OTHER INSTITUTES THAT 

1721
01:08:25,234 --> 01:08:27,036
IMMEDIATELY JUMP IN.

1722
01:08:27,036 --> 01:08:29,806
FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF 

1723
01:08:29,806 --> 01:08:30,807
MENTAL HEALTH IT WAS 

1724
01:08:30,807 --> 01:08:32,675
EXTRAORDINARILY RELEVANT.

1725
01:08:32,675 --> 01:08:35,011
THE MAJORITY OF THE SYMPTOMS OF 

1726
01:08:35,011 --> 01:08:37,013
PSYCHIATRIC DISEASES OCCUR 

1727
01:08:37,013 --> 01:08:39,749
DURING ADOLESCENTS AND THERE HAS

1728
01:08:39,749 --> 01:08:41,517
ALWAYS BEEN THAT RECOGNITION OF 

1729
01:08:41,517 --> 01:08:43,886
HOW IMPORTANT IS BRAIN 

1730
01:08:43,886 --> 01:08:47,290
DEVELOPMENT TO MENTAL ILLNESS 

1731
01:08:47,290 --> 01:08:48,992
AND, IN FACT, DESCRIBE MENTAL 

1732
01:08:48,992 --> 01:08:52,195
ILLNESS AND ADDICTION AS 

1733
01:08:52,195 --> 01:08:54,664
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS.

1734
01:08:54,664 --> 01:08:55,999
SEVEN INSTITUTES JUMP IN AND 

1735
01:08:55,999 --> 01:08:59,102
FUND THE STUDY AND THAT IS HOW 

1736
01:08:59,102 --> 01:09:07,577
IT WAS BORN.

1737
01:09:07,577 --> 01:09:09,345
THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES WERE 

1738
01:09:09,345 --> 01:09:09,779
SIMPLE.

1739
01:09:09,779 --> 01:09:12,248
YOU GO TO THE PEDIATRICIAN THAT 

1740
01:09:12,248 --> 01:09:14,250
MEASURES THE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT 

1741
01:09:14,250 --> 01:09:17,653
OF THE CHILD AND THERE ARE 

1742
01:09:17,653 --> 01:09:19,622
SCALES TO TELL YOU THAT HEIGHT 

1743
01:09:19,622 --> 01:09:22,191
OR WAIT ARE NORMAL OR OUTSIDE OF

1744
01:09:22,191 --> 01:09:22,992
NORMATIVE STANDARDS.

1745
01:09:22,992 --> 01:09:26,062
NOW WE HAVE TOOLS THAT ALLOW US 

1746
01:09:26,062 --> 01:09:27,797
TO LOOK AT THE BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

1747
01:09:27,797 --> 01:09:29,999
WITHIN THE STANDARD.

1748
01:09:29,999 --> 01:09:36,105
THIS WAS NOT TRIVIAL BECAUSE IN 

1749
01:09:36,105 --> 01:09:39,208
THE FIELD OF PSYCHIATRY, THE 

1750
01:09:39,208 --> 01:09:42,078
CHILD STARTS TO FAIL AT SCHOOL, 

1751
01:09:42,078 --> 01:09:42,912
HAVE PROBLEMS WITH THEIR 

1752
01:09:42,912 --> 01:09:43,179
FRIENDS.

1753
01:09:43,179 --> 01:09:44,881
THEY ISOLATE.

1754
01:09:44,881 --> 01:09:46,716
YOU TAKE THEM TO THE 

1755
01:09:46,716 --> 01:09:47,850
PEDIATRICIAN OR THE PSYCHIATRIST

1756
01:09:47,850 --> 01:09:50,687
THIS IS PART OF ADOLESCENCE.

1757
01:09:50,687 --> 01:09:54,157
LET'S FOLLOW UP FOR SIX MONTHS.

1758
01:09:54,157 --> 01:09:55,024
WOULDN'T IT BE IMPORTANT AND 

1759
01:09:55,024 --> 01:09:57,260
VALUABLE TO HAVE A MEASURE WHERE

1760
01:09:57,260 --> 01:10:00,296
IF YOU START TO HAVE SYMPTOMS 

1761
01:10:00,296 --> 01:10:03,533
THAT ARE DISSTRESSING TO 

1762
01:10:03,533 --> 01:10:05,568
EVALUATE WHETHER THE BRAIN IS 

1763
01:10:05,568 --> 01:10:08,805
FOLLOWING THE TRAJECTORY AND 

1764
01:10:08,805 --> 01:10:11,841
STANDARD THAT GIVE YOU A SENSE 

1765
01:10:11,841 --> 01:10:12,909
OF SOMETHING THAT MAY BE 

1766
01:10:12,909 --> 01:10:13,443
DEVELOPING.

1767
01:10:13,443 --> 01:10:15,278
WE WANTED TO DEVELOP A LARGE 

1768
01:10:15,278 --> 01:10:17,580
ENOUGH STUDY THAT WOULD ALLOW US

1769
01:10:17,580 --> 01:10:20,450
FOR THE FIRST TIME START TO 

1770
01:10:20,450 --> 01:10:21,951
GENERATE THOSE STANDARDS OF WHAT

1771
01:10:21,951 --> 01:10:25,021
THE HUMAN BRAIN SHOULD LOOK 

1772
01:10:25,021 --> 01:10:27,123
LIKE, UNDERSTANDING THE 

1773
01:10:27,123 --> 01:10:27,824
TREMENDOUS DIVERSITY.

1774
01:10:27,824 --> 01:10:30,760
SO AND THAT RELATED ALSO IN 

1775
01:10:30,760 --> 01:10:32,929
PARALLEL TO COGNITIVE PROCESSES.

1776
01:10:32,929 --> 01:10:35,732
WE WERE ALSO AT THAT STAGE VERY 

1777
01:10:35,732 --> 01:10:38,434
MUCH, I MEAN AN AREA OF 

1778
01:10:38,434 --> 01:10:39,802
TREMENDOUS INTEREST, OF COURSE, 

1779
01:10:39,802 --> 01:10:44,807
HAS BEEN HOW DO GENES EFFECT 

1780
01:10:44,807 --> 01:10:45,041
DISEASE?

1781
01:10:45,041 --> 01:10:48,511
HOW DO GENES EFFECT DISEASE?

1782
01:10:48,511 --> 01:10:51,948
IN THE BRAIN A NEUROPLASTIC 

1783
01:10:51,948 --> 01:10:54,016
ORGAN, BY THE NATURE OF THIS 

1784
01:10:54,016 --> 01:10:55,184
SYSTEM, THE BRAIN DEVELOPS FOR 

1785
01:10:55,184 --> 01:10:58,788
20 YEARS BECAUSE YOU NEED TO 

1786
01:10:58,788 --> 01:10:59,455
ACTUALLY ENCOUNTER THE 

1787
01:10:59,455 --> 01:11:02,191
ENVIRONMENT IN ORDER TO CREATE 

1788
01:11:02,191 --> 01:11:03,226
ITS ARCHITECTURE AND ITS 

1789
01:11:03,226 --> 01:11:03,526
CONNECTIONS.

1790
01:11:03,526 --> 01:11:06,929
SO WE WANTED TO SEE HOW GENES 

1791
01:11:06,929 --> 01:11:09,031
AND ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCE THEM.

1792
01:11:09,031 --> 01:11:10,900
WE WANTED TO BE ABLE TO MONITOR 

1793
01:11:10,900 --> 01:11:16,105
HOW BEHAVIORS THAT WE HAVE SOME 

1794
01:11:16,105 --> 01:11:17,440
GUIDELINES FOR ULTIMATELY AFFECT

1795
01:11:17,440 --> 01:11:20,376
THEM SO WE CAN HAVE EVIDENCE TO 

1796
01:11:20,376 --> 01:11:22,345
SUPPORT THOSE GUIDELINES.

1797
01:11:22,345 --> 01:11:24,347
FOR EXAMPLE, PHYSICAL 

1798
01:11:24,347 --> 01:11:25,715
ACTIVITIES, SLEEP, SCREEN TIME, 

1799
01:11:25,715 --> 01:11:27,950
THE EFFECT OF OTHER EXPERIENCES 

1800
01:11:27,950 --> 01:11:29,986
IN TERMS OF EDUCATION.

1801
01:11:29,986 --> 01:11:33,222
HOW DO THEY INFLUENCE BRAIN 

1802
01:11:33,222 --> 01:11:34,290
DEVELOPMENT?

1803
01:11:34,290 --> 01:11:35,324
IMPORTANTLY, MENTAL ILLNESS IS 

1804
01:11:35,324 --> 01:11:37,960
ONE OF THE MAIN FACTORS OF 

1805
01:11:37,960 --> 01:11:39,662
BURDEN OF DISEASE AMONG THE 

1806
01:11:39,662 --> 01:11:40,796
YOUNG.

1807
01:11:40,796 --> 01:11:45,535
AND SO WE BELIEVE THAT WAS VERY 

1808
01:11:45,535 --> 01:11:47,703
CRUCIAL TO PRIORITIZE.

1809
01:11:47,703 --> 01:11:49,772
MENTAL ILLNESS CO-MINGLES WITH 

1810
01:11:49,772 --> 01:11:50,506
SUBSTANCE USE.

1811
01:11:50,506 --> 01:11:52,575
THERE IS BIDIRECTIONALITY OF 

1812
01:11:52,575 --> 01:11:54,143
THOSE TWO AND CREATES 

1813
01:11:54,143 --> 01:11:54,911
TREMENDOUS, TREMENDOUS HARM.

1814
01:11:54,911 --> 01:11:59,115
AS I SAY, THAT WHOLE LANDSCAPE 

1815
01:11:59,115 --> 01:12:01,017
OF SUBSTANCES WERE RAPIDLY 

1816
01:12:01,017 --> 01:12:02,818
CHANGING AND WE WANTED TO 

1817
01:12:02,818 --> 01:12:05,855
UNDERSTAND HOW THAT INFLUENCED 

1818
01:12:05,855 --> 01:12:06,889
BRAIN TRAJECTORIES.

1819
01:12:06,889 --> 01:12:10,359
HOW DID WE ACHIEVE THIS?

1820
01:12:10,359 --> 01:12:12,328
WELL, LIKE ANYTHING ELSE AT THE 

1821
01:12:12,328 --> 01:12:14,297
NIH, WE RELIED ON RESEARCHERS 

1822
01:12:14,297 --> 01:12:17,767
ACROSS ALL OF THE COUNTRY.

1823
01:12:17,767 --> 01:12:19,669
WE REQUESTED PROPOSALS THAT 

1824
01:12:19,669 --> 01:12:28,044
BASICALLY WITH THE GOAL OF DOING

1825
01:12:28,044 --> 01:12:29,879
BRAIN STUDY FOR 12 YEARS.

1826
01:12:29,879 --> 01:12:31,881
RECRUITMENT OF CHILDREN 9 TO 10.

1827
01:12:31,881 --> 01:12:33,216
NOT BECAUSE WE DIDN'T THINK 

1828
01:12:33,216 --> 01:12:34,684
INFANCY IS IMPORTANT, IT IS 

1829
01:12:34,684 --> 01:12:36,619
CRUCIAL, BUT WE WERE INTERESTED 

1830
01:12:36,619 --> 01:12:38,888
TO HAVE DATA RELATIVELY FAST 

1831
01:12:38,888 --> 01:12:40,656
THAT COULD INFORM IN THE 

1832
01:12:40,656 --> 01:12:41,557
ADOLESCENT YEARS.

1833
01:12:41,557 --> 01:12:43,926
THAT IS WHY WE DID NOT START THE

1834
01:12:43,926 --> 01:12:44,327
INFANCY.

1835
01:12:44,327 --> 01:12:47,964
SO WE SELECTED 21 SITES ACROSS 

1836
01:12:47,964 --> 01:12:50,099
THE UNITED STATES, ALL OF WHICH 

1837
01:12:50,099 --> 01:12:52,768
BASICALLY HARMONIZED THEIR BRAIN

1838
01:12:52,768 --> 01:12:55,371
IMAGING PROTOCOLS, THEIR 

1839
01:12:55,371 --> 01:12:57,673
ASSESSMENTS, BEHAVIORAL AND 

1840
01:12:57,673 --> 01:13:00,610
COGNITIVE ASSESSMENTS, SOCIAL 

1841
01:13:00,610 --> 01:13:04,914
ASSESSMENTS AND ENSURING THERE 

1842
01:13:04,914 --> 01:13:06,115
WAS OVERREPRESENTATION OF 

1843
01:13:06,115 --> 01:13:08,317
UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS.

1844
01:13:08,317 --> 01:13:11,287
THIS WAS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IF WE

1845
01:13:11,287 --> 01:13:13,122
RELY JUST ON DIRECT PRESENTATION

1846
01:13:13,122 --> 01:13:17,560
OF 12% OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS OR 

1847
01:13:17,560 --> 01:13:19,762
15% OR 17% OF HISPANICS, WE 

1848
01:13:19,762 --> 01:13:21,397
WOULDN'T HAVE A SUFFICIENTLY 

1849
01:13:21,397 --> 01:13:25,668
LARGE SAMPLE TO ADDRESS HOW 

1850
01:13:25,668 --> 01:13:27,770
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RACE AND

1851
01:13:27,770 --> 01:13:29,405
ETHNICITY MAY BE INFLUENCING THE

1852
01:13:29,405 --> 01:13:37,013
MEASURES WE WERE LOOKING FOR.

1853
01:13:37,013 --> 01:13:39,782
THE PROTOCOL ITSELF IS QUITE 

1854
01:13:39,782 --> 01:13:40,049
INTENSIVE.

1855
01:13:40,049 --> 01:13:42,385
EVERY TWO YEARS ALL OF THE 

1856
01:13:42,385 --> 01:13:46,389
PARTICIPANTS, CLOSE TO 12,000, 

1857
01:13:46,389 --> 01:13:51,093
11,870, ACTUALLY EVERY TWO YEARS

1858
01:13:51,093 --> 01:13:54,397
THEY UNDERGO A IN DEPTH BRAIN 

1859
01:13:54,397 --> 01:13:56,132
ASSESSMENTS, NOT JUST STRUCTURE 

1860
01:13:56,132 --> 01:13:57,433
BUT FUNCTION.

1861
01:13:57,433 --> 01:13:59,101
FUNCTION AT RISK AND WITH 

1862
01:13:59,101 --> 01:14:01,037
VARIOUS COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL 

1863
01:14:01,037 --> 01:14:01,804
TASKS.

1864
01:14:01,804 --> 01:14:04,674
AND THEN EVERY YEAR THEY HAVE AN

1865
01:14:04,674 --> 01:14:07,009
EVALUATION ASSOCIATED WITH THIS 

1866
01:14:07,009 --> 01:14:08,844
BRAIN IMAGING.

1867
01:14:08,844 --> 01:14:10,946
EVERY YEAR COGNITIVE 

1868
01:14:10,946 --> 01:14:12,682
ASSESSMENTS, ASSESSMENTS FOR 

1869
01:14:12,682 --> 01:14:15,985
HEALTH, ASSESSMENTS FOR SOCIAL 

1870
01:14:15,985 --> 01:14:16,319
INTERACTIONS.

1871
01:14:16,319 --> 01:14:19,121
ASSESSMENTS FOR THE FAMILY TO 

1872
01:14:19,121 --> 01:14:22,124
UNDERSTAND WHAT MAYBE BE 

1873
01:14:22,124 --> 01:14:22,858
SOCIOECONOMICAL CHALLENGES THEY 

1874
01:14:22,858 --> 01:14:23,059
HAVE.

1875
01:14:23,059 --> 01:14:27,697
THE LATTER, OTHER THAN FOR THE 

1876
01:14:27,697 --> 01:14:31,534
BRAIN IMAGING AND BIOSPECIMENS 

1877
01:14:31,534 --> 01:14:34,070
COLLECTED EVERY TWO YEARS ARE 

1878
01:14:34,070 --> 01:14:36,272
DONE ON A YEARLY BASIS.

1879
01:14:36,272 --> 01:14:38,708
EVERY SIX MONTHS THEY CAN GET 

1880
01:14:38,708 --> 01:14:41,344
ADDITIONAL SCREENING IF IT IS 

1881
01:14:41,344 --> 01:14:42,611
NECESSARY AS I WILL COMMENT 

1882
01:14:42,611 --> 01:14:44,480
LATER ON WHAT THE CASE IS WHEN 

1883
01:14:44,480 --> 01:14:47,149
WE HAD THE COVID PANDEMIC.

1884
01:14:47,149 --> 01:14:52,188
SO THIS IS WHAT WE DID.

1885
01:14:52,188 --> 01:14:58,260
SOME OF THE TARGET AREAS WE WERE

1886
01:14:58,260 --> 01:14:59,495
LOOKING FOR.

1887
01:14:59,495 --> 01:15:02,665
A KEY TARGET THAT FACILITATED 

1888
01:15:02,665 --> 01:15:03,933
BRINGING THE DATA TOGETHER ONCE 

1889
01:15:03,933 --> 01:15:05,735
THAT WAS GOING TO BE AN OPEN 

1890
01:15:05,735 --> 01:15:06,469
ACCESS STUDY.

1891
01:15:06,469 --> 01:15:10,272
SO FROM THE BEGINNING WE PAID 

1892
01:15:10,272 --> 01:15:12,074
ENORMOUS ATTENTION, NOT JUST TO 

1893
01:15:12,074 --> 01:15:14,844
MAKE THE DATA ACCESSIBLE AND 

1894
01:15:14,844 --> 01:15:18,214
AVAILABLE AS FAST AS WE COULD 

1895
01:15:18,214 --> 01:15:21,317
AND PLACES IT IN A DATA BASE AND

1896
01:15:21,317 --> 01:15:25,121
PROVIDING THE RESOURCES SO THAT 

1897
01:15:25,121 --> 01:15:25,988
RESEARCHERS AND INVESTIGATORS 

1898
01:15:25,988 --> 01:15:28,591
FROM ANY PLACE IN THE WORLD CAN 

1899
01:15:28,591 --> 01:15:31,327
TAKE THESE DATA AND HAVE ACCESS 

1900
01:15:31,327 --> 01:15:34,263
TO ANALYTIC AND PREANALYZED DATA

1901
01:15:34,263 --> 01:15:36,031
FOR THOSE THAT DON'T HAVE THE 

1902
01:15:36,031 --> 01:15:38,534
COMPUTER CAPABILITIES SO THAT 

1903
01:15:38,534 --> 01:15:40,636
THEY CAN ASK SCIENTIFIC 

1904
01:15:40,636 --> 01:15:41,737
QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE OF 

1905
01:15:41,737 --> 01:15:42,872
INTEREST FOR THEM.

1906
01:15:42,872 --> 01:15:46,342
OF COURSE, THIS IS EASIER SAID 

1907
01:15:46,342 --> 01:15:48,210
THAN DONE BECAUSE THERE ARE 

1908
01:15:48,210 --> 01:15:51,147
MAJOR CHALLENGES OF ISSUES OF 

1909
01:15:51,147 --> 01:15:52,348
ENSURING CONFIDENTIALITY.

1910
01:15:52,348 --> 01:15:54,984
THERE WERE WE LEARNED MAJOR 

1911
01:15:54,984 --> 01:15:56,919
CHALLENGES OF ASSURANCES THAT 

1912
01:15:56,919 --> 01:15:59,522
THE DATA IS NOT UTILIZED FOR 

1913
01:15:59,522 --> 01:16:00,256
NEGATIVE PURPOSES.

1914
01:16:00,256 --> 01:16:04,794
HOW DO YOU OVERSEE THAT?

1915
01:16:04,794 --> 01:16:07,396
BUT OVERALL, AS A RESULT OF 

1916
01:16:07,396 --> 01:16:09,765
THAT, AND THE FACT THAT THE DATA

1917
01:16:09,765 --> 01:16:14,236
IS EXTRAORDINARILY COMPLEX, IT 

1918
01:16:14,236 --> 01:16:17,606
HAS BASICALLY BEEN -- WE HAVE 

1919
01:16:17,606 --> 01:16:21,544
BEEN FORCED TO CHANGE THE PLACE 

1920
01:16:21,544 --> 01:16:24,080
WHERE WE PUT OUR REPOSITORIES.

1921
01:16:24,080 --> 01:16:27,917
THE DATA RELEASES WE HAVE ONLY 

1922
01:16:27,917 --> 01:16:29,785
HAVE BEEN ABLE TO GO COMPLETELY 

1923
01:16:29,785 --> 01:16:31,620
FOR FOUR YEARS FOLLOW-UP.

1924
01:16:31,620 --> 01:16:36,492
IN JANUARY 2025 WE DO THE DATA 

1925
01:16:36,492 --> 01:16:39,962
RELEASE 6.0 THAT WILL FOLLOW FOR

1926
01:16:39,962 --> 01:16:42,398
SIX YEARS INFORMATION FROM THE 

1927
01:16:42,398 --> 01:16:43,165
IMAGING TO THE BEHAVIORAL AND 

1928
01:16:43,165 --> 01:16:47,002
SOME OF THE GENETIC DATA.

1929
01:16:47,002 --> 01:16:49,171
IN PARALLEL TO OPEN ACCESS FOR 

1930
01:16:49,171 --> 01:16:52,308
DATA, WE HAVE BEEN RELEASING THE

1931
01:16:52,308 --> 01:16:56,846
BIOSPECIMENS AND THE 

1932
01:16:56,846 --> 01:16:59,148
BIOSPECIMENS COLLECTING INCLUDE 

1933
01:16:59,148 --> 01:17:00,850
HAIR, BLOOD, SALIVA.

1934
01:17:00,850 --> 01:17:04,453
ALL OF THIS IS LINKED WITH 

1935
01:17:04,453 --> 01:17:06,555
GEOSPATIAL DATA WHICH, OF 

1936
01:17:06,555 --> 01:17:08,257
COURSE, INCREASES RICHNESS WHICH

1937
01:17:08,257 --> 01:17:11,927
CAN BE SEEN IN THE NEXT SLIDE.

1938
01:17:11,927 --> 01:17:13,329
CAN I HAVE THE NEXT SLIDE.

1939
01:17:13,329 --> 01:17:16,565
NEXT SLIDE, GUYS.

1940
01:17:16,565 --> 01:17:18,234
HELLO.

1941
01:17:18,234 --> 01:17:19,101
YES.

1942
01:17:19,101 --> 01:17:23,138
SO THESE GIVES US A DIAGRAM OF 

1943
01:17:23,138 --> 01:17:28,677
WHAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING 2016 TO 

1944
01:17:28,677 --> 01:17:29,879
2024.

1945
01:17:29,879 --> 01:17:34,517
I WANT TO NOTE 96% OF THE ABCD 

1946
01:17:34,517 --> 01:17:36,118
PARTICIPANTS HAVE BEEN RETAINED 

1947
01:17:36,118 --> 01:17:37,486
EIGHT YEARS INTO THE STUDY.

1948
01:17:37,486 --> 01:17:39,088
I WANT YOU TO THINK ABOUT WHAT 

1949
01:17:39,088 --> 01:17:42,992
THIS MEANS IN TERMS OF HOW WELL 

1950
01:17:42,992 --> 01:17:45,194
OVERSEEN AND MANAGED THIS STUDY 

1951
01:17:45,194 --> 01:17:46,061
HAS BEEN.

1952
01:17:46,061 --> 01:17:48,964
AND HOW ENGAGED THE PARTICIPANTS

1953
01:17:48,964 --> 01:17:50,666
THEMSELVES HAVE BEEN IN BEING 

1954
01:17:50,666 --> 01:17:52,101
PART OF THE STUDY.

1955
01:17:52,101 --> 01:17:56,038
IT HAS EVALUATED FROM THE 

1956
01:17:56,038 --> 01:17:59,341
CLASSICAL PHYSICAL HEALTH TO THE

1957
01:17:59,341 --> 01:18:01,510
PSYCHIATRIC AND MENTAL AND 

1958
01:18:01,510 --> 01:18:02,211
COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL 

1959
01:18:02,211 --> 01:18:04,046
INTERACTIONS AND BEHAVIORS OF 

1960
01:18:04,046 --> 01:18:07,116
THESE CHILDREN.

1961
01:18:07,116 --> 01:18:09,985
THIS WHEN YOU LINK WITH GEOCODED

1962
01:18:09,985 --> 01:18:16,225
DATA HAS PROVIDED THE MOST UP TO

1963
01:18:16,225 --> 01:18:18,894
DATE IN DETAIL LARGE EVALUATION 

1964
01:18:18,894 --> 01:18:21,063
OF SOERNL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

1965
01:18:21,063 --> 01:18:23,299
AND HOW IT INFLUENCES THE BRAIN,

1966
01:18:23,299 --> 01:18:27,403
MENTAL ILLNESS, SUBSTANCE USE 

1967
01:18:27,403 --> 01:18:28,504
DISORDER AND OTHER MEDICAL 

1968
01:18:28,504 --> 01:18:29,271
CONDITIONS.

1969
01:18:29,271 --> 01:18:30,639
LET ME GIVE YOU SOME EXAMPLES OF

1970
01:18:30,639 --> 01:18:35,077
THIS.

1971
01:18:35,077 --> 01:18:37,012
THE FIRST STUDY, SORRY, BEFORE I

1972
01:18:37,012 --> 01:18:38,981
JUMP INTO THE EXAMPLES 

1973
01:18:38,981 --> 01:18:43,152
THEMSELVES, IN TERMS OF WHAT WE 

1974
01:18:43,152 --> 01:18:45,187
ARE EIGHT YEARS LATER, ALWAYS 

1975
01:18:45,187 --> 01:18:46,322
LOOK AT METRICS.

1976
01:18:46,322 --> 01:18:48,958
BUT IN TERMS OF PUBLICATIONS AND

1977
01:18:48,958 --> 01:18:50,659
THE DATA HAS BEEN RELEASING AS 

1978
01:18:50,659 --> 01:18:53,062
WE ARE GATHERING IT, AS OF NOW 

1979
01:18:53,062 --> 01:18:56,832
THERE HAVE BEEN MORE THAN 1,150 

1980
01:18:56,832 --> 01:18:57,166
PUBLICATIONS.

1981
01:18:57,166 --> 01:18:59,935
WHAT YOU SEE THERE IS A 

1982
01:18:59,935 --> 01:19:02,371
CUMULATIVE -- SO THEY HAVE BEEN 

1983
01:19:02,371 --> 01:19:04,206
INCREASING EVERY SINGLE YEAR.

1984
01:19:04,206 --> 01:19:05,874
MORE AND MORE RESEARCHERS ARE 

1985
01:19:05,874 --> 01:19:08,410
JUMPING INTO THE DATA.

1986
01:19:08,410 --> 01:19:09,778
AGAIN, THE RESULTS ARE FROM ALL 

1987
01:19:09,778 --> 01:19:11,914
OVER THE WORLD, THE 

1988
01:19:11,914 --> 01:19:13,649
INVESTIGATORS THAT ARE 

1989
01:19:13,649 --> 01:19:14,850
PUBLISHING IN DATA.

1990
01:19:14,850 --> 01:19:17,019
WE HAVE IN BLUE INDIVIDUALS THAT

1991
01:19:17,019 --> 01:19:20,155
ARE PART OF THE ABCD WHO ARE THE

1992
01:19:20,155 --> 01:19:22,124
AUTHORS OF THESE PAPERS AND IN 

1993
01:19:22,124 --> 01:19:23,692
ORANGE ARE INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE 

1994
01:19:23,692 --> 01:19:27,129
NOT DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY 

1995
01:19:27,129 --> 01:19:29,698
ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABCD STUDY 

1996
01:19:29,698 --> 01:19:31,500
BUT TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF THE OPEN 

1997
01:19:31,500 --> 01:19:33,936
ACCESS OF THE DATA SETS AND THE 

1998
01:19:33,936 --> 01:19:35,838
CAPABILITIES WE OFFER WITH IT TO

1999
01:19:35,838 --> 01:19:38,507
ENSURE THAT THE DATA IS BEING 

2000
01:19:38,507 --> 01:19:38,807
USED.

2001
01:19:38,807 --> 01:19:41,610
ALSO THE ABCD HAS NOT JUST 

2002
01:19:41,610 --> 01:19:44,546
INSPIRED A LOT OF WORK AND 

2003
01:19:44,546 --> 01:19:47,149
ADVANCES, BUT THEY HAVE ALSO 

2004
01:19:47,149 --> 01:19:50,686
INSPIRED OTHER RESEARCHERS AND 

2005
01:19:50,686 --> 01:19:53,856
TO DO SPECIFIC SCIENTIFIC, TO 

2006
01:19:53,856 --> 01:19:55,724
FOLLOW SPECIFIC SCIENTIFIC 

2007
01:19:55,724 --> 01:19:55,991
QUESTIONS.

2008
01:19:55,991 --> 01:19:58,694
AND THE ABCD HAS BEEN USED TO 

2009
01:19:58,694 --> 01:20:02,364
ACTUALLY AS A PLATFORM TO 

2010
01:20:02,364 --> 01:20:04,266
ACTUALLY PROPOSE SPECIFIC 

2011
01:20:04,266 --> 01:20:05,768
PROTOCOLS AND THEY ARE FUNDED 

2012
01:20:05,768 --> 01:20:09,171
THROUGH GRANTS OF MULTIPLE 

2013
01:20:09,171 --> 01:20:09,571
INSTITUTES.

2014
01:20:09,571 --> 01:20:14,510
OF THOSE INSTITUTES THE NIMH HAS

2015
01:20:14,510 --> 01:20:16,178
FUNDED MOST SATELLITE GRANTS, 

2016
01:20:16,178 --> 01:20:17,846
45% OF THEM, BECAUSE IT IS 

2017
01:20:17,846 --> 01:20:20,883
NATURALLY A VERY, VERY RELEVANT 

2018
01:20:20,883 --> 01:20:23,986
TOPIC FOLLOWED BY NIDA.

2019
01:20:23,986 --> 01:20:27,990
LET ME JUST GET YOU, AGAIN, THE 

2020
01:20:27,990 --> 01:20:29,658
EXAMPLES THAT I WAS PROMISING 

2021
01:20:29,658 --> 01:20:30,025
BEFORE.

2022
01:20:30,025 --> 01:20:32,261
EXAMPLE NUMBER ONE, AND I CHOSE 

2023
01:20:32,261 --> 01:20:35,130
IT BECAUSE I THINK -- NEXT 

2024
01:20:35,130 --> 01:20:37,232
SLIDE.

2025
01:20:37,232 --> 01:20:40,803
I THINK ABOUT THE ABCD AND TO ME

2026
01:20:40,803 --> 01:20:43,572
A PSYCHIATRIST WORKING IN THE 

2027
01:20:43,572 --> 01:20:45,307
BRAIN, MOST CONSEQUENTIAL IMPACT

2028
01:20:45,307 --> 01:20:49,211
OF THE ABCD STUDY HAS BEEN TO 

2029
01:20:49,211 --> 01:20:51,013
ILLUMINATE HOW THOSE SOCIAL 

2030
01:20:51,013 --> 01:20:53,082
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH FACTORS 

2031
01:20:53,082 --> 01:20:54,016
TREMENDOUSLY INFLUENCE THE 

2032
01:20:54,016 --> 01:20:57,619
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN BRAIN.

2033
01:20:57,619 --> 01:21:00,589
AND THIS STUDY WHICH IS THE 

2034
01:21:00,589 --> 01:21:03,158
FIRST ONE TO DOCUMENT THAT WAS 

2035
01:21:03,158 --> 01:21:03,792
PUBLISHED IN 2020.

2036
01:21:03,792 --> 01:21:08,363
THEY WERE LOOKING AT THE EFFECTS

2037
01:21:08,363 --> 01:21:10,365
OF LEAD EXPOSURES IN BRAIN 

2038
01:21:10,365 --> 01:21:10,666
DEVELOPMENT.

2039
01:21:10,666 --> 01:21:12,801
THIS IS VERY RELEVANT BECAUSE IT

2040
01:21:12,801 --> 01:21:13,936
HAS BEEN WELL RECOGNIZED FOR 

2041
01:21:13,936 --> 01:21:16,271
MANY, MANY YEARS THAT LEAD IS 

2042
01:21:16,271 --> 01:21:18,874
TOXIC AND CHILDREN THAT GET 

2043
01:21:18,874 --> 01:21:24,413
EXPOSED TO LEAD IN THEIR HOUSES 

2044
01:21:24,413 --> 01:21:26,915
ARE ACTUALLY PERFORMING WORSE 

2045
01:21:26,915 --> 01:21:28,584
COGNITIVELY AT SCHOOL.

2046
01:21:28,584 --> 01:21:30,452
INVESTIGATORS TOOK ADVANTAGE OF 

2047
01:21:30,452 --> 01:21:34,123
THE ABCD AND ACTUALLY ASSESSED 

2048
01:21:34,123 --> 01:21:38,994
LEAD EXPOSURES WERE R ASSOCIATED

2049
01:21:38,994 --> 01:21:39,762
WITH COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE ON 

2050
01:21:39,762 --> 01:21:41,363
THESE CHILDREN AND THAT IS WHAT 

2051
01:21:41,363 --> 01:21:44,032
YOU SEE IN THE TOP DIAGRAM WHERE

2052
01:21:44,032 --> 01:21:46,168
YOU ACTUALLY CAN SEE ON THE X 

2053
01:21:46,168 --> 01:21:50,205
AXIS THE LEVELS OF LEAD EXPOSURE

2054
01:21:50,205 --> 01:21:52,574
AND Y AXIS, PERFORMANCE, HIGHER 

2055
01:21:52,574 --> 01:21:55,511
NUMBERS IN THE Y AXIS FOR 

2056
01:21:55,511 --> 01:21:56,845
COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE, BUT YOU 

2057
01:21:56,845 --> 01:22:01,216
ARE DIVIDING THE ABCD EXAMPLE IN

2058
01:22:01,216 --> 01:22:01,717
THREE SUBGROUPS.

2059
01:22:01,717 --> 01:22:03,986
THE THREE SUBGROUPS ARE DIVIDED 

2060
01:22:03,986 --> 01:22:05,521
ON THE BASIS OF THE FAMILY 

2061
01:22:05,521 --> 01:22:07,489
INCOME OF THE CHILDREN.

2062
01:22:07,489 --> 01:22:09,057
CHILDREN WITH LOW INCOME, MIDDLE

2063
01:22:09,057 --> 01:22:10,459
INCOME AND WITH HIGH INCOME.

2064
01:22:10,459 --> 01:22:13,061
AND WHAT THEY NOTED IS CHILDREN 

2065
01:22:13,061 --> 01:22:15,364
THAT GET EXPOSED TO HIGH LEVELS 

2066
01:22:15,364 --> 01:22:19,434
OF LEAD DO HAVE LOWER COGNITIVE 

2067
01:22:19,434 --> 01:22:20,002
PERFORMANCE.

2068
01:22:20,002 --> 01:22:21,637
WHAT IS NOT IMMEDIATELY JUMPS AT

2069
01:22:21,637 --> 01:22:25,674
YOU LOOKING AT THAT GRAPH IS 

2070
01:22:25,674 --> 01:22:27,209
THAT IT IS NOT -- IT IS THE 

2071
01:22:27,209 --> 01:22:29,144
CHILDREN THAT COME FROM LOW 

2072
01:22:29,144 --> 01:22:31,146
INCOME YOU SEE THE NEGATIVE 

2073
01:22:31,146 --> 01:22:34,082
EFFECTS OF LEAD ON COGNITIVE 

2074
01:22:34,082 --> 01:22:34,416
PERFORMANCES.

2075
01:22:34,416 --> 01:22:36,718
THE LOWER DIAGRAMS SHOW TWO 

2076
01:22:36,718 --> 01:22:38,654
MEASURES OF THE BRAIN THAT 

2077
01:22:38,654 --> 01:22:41,089
ACTUALLY ARE INDICATORS OF BRAIN

2078
01:22:41,089 --> 01:22:42,858
DEVELOPMENT THAT IS ON THE ONE 

2079
01:22:42,858 --> 01:22:45,427
HAND THE VOLUMES OF DIFFERENT 

2080
01:22:45,427 --> 01:22:48,630
AREAS OF THE BRAIN AND THE OTHER

2081
01:22:48,630 --> 01:22:54,570
IS THE CORTICAL SURFACE.

2082
01:22:54,570 --> 01:22:57,573
AT LOT OF COGNITIVE OPERATIONS 

2083
01:22:57,573 --> 01:23:00,108
ARE RELATED TO EXPANDED -- 

2084
01:23:00,108 --> 01:23:07,683
SORRY, THE LEFT IS THE CORTICOL 

2085
01:23:07,683 --> 01:23:18,227
SURFACE AND THE RIGHT IS THE A 

2086
01:23:18,560 --> 01:23:25,968
EXPOSURE.

2087
01:23:25,968 --> 01:23:28,003
THIS WAS OBSERVED ONLY ON THE 

2088
01:23:28,003 --> 01:23:33,408
CHILDREN OF LOW INCOME.

2089
01:23:33,408 --> 01:23:35,344
IT DOES OF DIRECT POLICY 

2090
01:23:35,344 --> 01:23:37,713
RELEVANCE BECAUSE IT INDICATED 

2091
01:23:37,713 --> 01:23:39,448
THAT, YES, ENVIRONMENTAL 

2092
01:23:39,448 --> 01:23:41,016
EXPOSURES ARE NEGATIVE.

2093
01:23:41,016 --> 01:23:43,218
THERE ARE NO TWO WAYS AROUND IT.

2094
01:23:43,218 --> 01:23:45,087
RIGHT NOW WE ARE VERY INTERESTED

2095
01:23:45,087 --> 01:23:49,558
IN LOOKING AT WHETHER EXPOSURES 

2096
01:23:49,558 --> 01:23:52,461
WE CAN MONITOR IN THESE CHILDREN

2097
01:23:52,461 --> 01:23:54,463
ARE GOING TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH 

2098
01:23:54,463 --> 01:23:55,697
ANY CHANGES OR NO?

2099
01:23:55,697 --> 01:23:59,835
IT ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THAT INDEED 

2100
01:23:59,835 --> 01:24:01,236
THERE ARE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN 

2101
01:24:01,236 --> 01:24:04,907
THESE EXPOSURES AND AN EFFECT 

2102
01:24:04,907 --> 01:24:13,615
THAT IF YOU HAVE AN INSULT, YOU 

2103
01:24:13,615 --> 01:24:14,716
CAN BUMP AND COMPENSATE.

2104
01:24:14,716 --> 01:24:17,386
BUT IF YOU START TO HAVE 

2105
01:24:17,386 --> 01:24:21,223
COMMUNITY INCIDENTS OF THOSE 

2106
01:24:21,223 --> 01:24:22,891
INSULTS, THAT IS WHERE YOU START

2107
01:24:22,891 --> 01:24:24,660
TO IMBALANCE THE SYSTEM AND THAT

2108
01:24:24,660 --> 01:24:27,029
IS SHOWING IN THE CASE OF THE 

2109
01:24:27,029 --> 01:24:29,031
INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE COMING FROM

2110
01:24:29,031 --> 01:24:33,502
LOW INCOME AND MUCH LESS LIKELY 

2111
01:24:33,502 --> 01:24:36,405
TO BE ABLE TO THE EXPOSURE TO 

2112
01:24:36,405 --> 01:24:42,110
ADVERSE EFFECTS.

2113
01:24:42,110 --> 01:24:43,879
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF LEAD AND 

2114
01:24:43,879 --> 01:24:47,783
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INCOME.

2115
01:24:47,783 --> 01:24:50,552
SOCIOECONOMIC DEPRIVATION, LOW 

2116
01:24:50,552 --> 01:24:52,554
INCOME CAPABILITIES IS UP WITH 

2117
01:24:52,554 --> 01:24:53,889
OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS 

2118
01:24:53,889 --> 01:25:00,495
THAT WE ARE OBSERVING 

2119
01:25:00,495 --> 01:25:01,663
INFLUENCING THE BRAIN 

2120
01:25:01,663 --> 01:25:02,798
TRAJECTORIES OF THESE CHILDREN.

2121
01:25:02,798 --> 01:25:05,033
THIS IS SHOWN ELOQUENTLY BY THIS

2122
01:25:05,033 --> 01:25:06,935
STUDY THAT WAS PUBLISHED LAST 

2123
01:25:06,935 --> 01:25:08,337
YEAR BECAUSE IT GOES BEYOND THE 

2124
01:25:08,337 --> 01:25:10,606
NOTION OF, YES, WE KNOW THAT 

2125
01:25:10,606 --> 01:25:14,743
FAMILIES FROM LOW INCOME, THOSE 

2126
01:25:14,743 --> 01:25:16,078
CHILDREN ARE GOING TO HAVE 

2127
01:25:16,078 --> 01:25:19,214
BRAINING WITH SMALLER VOLUMES, 

2128
01:25:19,214 --> 01:25:21,917
SMALLER CORTICOL SERVICES AND 

2129
01:25:21,917 --> 01:25:23,986
CORTICOL THICKNESS.

2130
01:25:23,986 --> 01:25:24,987
WHAT THESE INVESTIGATORS DID WAS

2131
01:25:24,987 --> 01:25:27,089
SOMETHING VERY CLEVER.

2132
01:25:27,089 --> 01:25:28,957
THEY SAID WE HAVE 17 DIFFERENT 

2133
01:25:28,957 --> 01:25:31,126
STATES WHERE WE ARE SCREENING 

2134
01:25:31,126 --> 01:25:33,362
AND RECRUITING AND TESTING THESE

2135
01:25:33,362 --> 01:25:34,363
CHILDREN.

2136
01:25:34,363 --> 01:25:36,898
THESE STATES DIFFERENCE VERY 

2137
01:25:36,898 --> 01:25:38,800
MUCH IN COST OF LIVING.

2138
01:25:38,800 --> 01:25:41,303
SOME STATES ARE VERY, VERY 

2139
01:25:41,303 --> 01:25:42,637
EXPENSIVE TO LIVE IN THOSE 

2140
01:25:42,637 --> 01:25:44,373
STATES LIKE CALIFORNIA OR NEW 

2141
01:25:44,373 --> 01:25:44,573
YORK.

2142
01:25:44,573 --> 01:25:46,141
OTHER STATES WHERE THE CENTERS 

2143
01:25:46,141 --> 01:25:48,643
ARE RECRUITING HAVE VERY LOW 

2144
01:25:48,643 --> 01:25:49,578
COSTS OF LIVING.

2145
01:25:49,578 --> 01:25:51,680
YOU MAY HAVE YOUR INCOME, BUT IT

2146
01:25:51,680 --> 01:25:55,117
IS AFFECTED BY YOUR CONTEXT.

2147
01:25:55,117 --> 01:25:57,953
SO THEY LOOK AT THAT, THE COST 

2148
01:25:57,953 --> 01:26:00,722
OF LIVING IN THE STATE WHERE 

2149
01:26:00,722 --> 01:26:02,090
CHILDREN WERE BEING RECRUITED 

2150
01:26:02,090 --> 01:26:03,925
AND LOOK AT THE SECOND PARAMETER

2151
01:26:03,925 --> 01:26:04,693
IN EACH STATE.

2152
01:26:04,693 --> 01:26:06,828
WHAT WAS THE LEVEL OF THE 

2153
01:26:06,828 --> 01:26:08,530
AVERAGE CASH BENEFIT ON EACH ONE

2154
01:26:08,530 --> 01:26:12,501
OF THESE STATES TO THE FAMILIES 

2155
01:26:12,501 --> 01:26:14,836
SUCH THAT STATES COULD HAVE HIGH

2156
01:26:14,836 --> 01:26:17,139
COST OF LIVING BUT HIGH AVERAGE 

2157
01:26:17,139 --> 01:26:18,774
CASH BENEFITS.

2158
01:26:18,774 --> 01:26:20,942
AS OPPOSED TO STATES THAT HAVE 

2159
01:26:20,942 --> 01:26:23,345
VERY HIGH COST OF LIVING BUT 

2160
01:26:23,345 --> 01:26:25,981
VERY LOW CASH BENEFITS.

2161
01:26:25,981 --> 01:26:28,350
AND THEY ASKED THE QUESTION IN 

2162
01:26:28,350 --> 01:26:30,852
AVERAGE HOW DOES THAT DIFFERENCE

2163
01:26:30,852 --> 01:26:32,721
BETWEEN THE COST OF LIVING AND 

2164
01:26:32,721 --> 01:26:35,357
THE ASSOCIATE OF COST OF LIVING 

2165
01:26:35,357 --> 01:26:39,594
WITH AVERAGE CASH BENEFITS 

2166
01:26:39,594 --> 01:26:41,897
INFLUENCE THE PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF

2167
01:26:41,897 --> 01:26:42,631
THESE CHILDREN?

2168
01:26:42,631 --> 01:26:44,733
WHAT YOU SEE IS INTERNALIZING 

2169
01:26:44,733 --> 01:26:47,769
PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN COMING FROM

2170
01:26:47,769 --> 01:26:49,671
STATES THOSE FOUR 

2171
01:26:49,671 --> 01:26:50,038
CLASSIFICATIONS.

2172
01:26:50,038 --> 01:26:51,807
AND ALSO THEY LOOK AT THE BRAIN 

2173
01:26:51,807 --> 01:26:54,543
AND THE BRAIN VOLUMES.

2174
01:26:54,543 --> 01:26:58,280
AND THEY SHOW INDEED THAT 

2175
01:26:58,280 --> 01:27:00,982
CHILDREN THAT COME FROM LOW 

2176
01:27:00,982 --> 01:27:02,517
INCOME FAMILIES REGARDLESS OF 

2177
01:27:02,517 --> 01:27:09,658
THEIR BEING IN A HIGH COST OF 

2178
01:27:09,658 --> 01:27:18,433
LIVING WITH HIGH SYMPTOMS.

2179
01:27:18,433 --> 01:27:21,303
YOU SEE HERE AS THE STEEPLE 

2180
01:27:21,303 --> 01:27:21,503
BARS.

2181
01:27:21,503 --> 01:27:23,605
CHILDREN FROM HIGH INCOME, IT 

2182
01:27:23,605 --> 01:27:25,073
DOESN'T MATTER WHERE YOU COME 

2183
01:27:25,073 --> 01:27:25,273
FROM.

2184
01:27:25,273 --> 01:27:27,375
YOU BASICALLY HAVE LOWER LEVELS 

2185
01:27:27,375 --> 01:27:29,778
OF INTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS.

2186
01:27:29,778 --> 01:27:31,513
HOWEVER, CHILDREN FROM LOW 

2187
01:27:31,513 --> 01:27:36,518
INCOME THAT CAME FROM HIGH CASH 

2188
01:27:36,518 --> 01:27:38,720
BENEFITS HAD SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER

2189
01:27:38,720 --> 01:27:40,088
LEVELS OF INTERNALIZING SYSTEMS 

2190
01:27:40,088 --> 01:27:41,523
THAT THOSE CHILDREN OF LOW 

2191
01:27:41,523 --> 01:27:43,892
INCOME THAT CAME FROM STATES OF 

2192
01:27:43,892 --> 01:27:46,094
LOW AVERAGE CASH BENEFIT.

2193
01:27:46,094 --> 01:27:49,231
HOW LARGE WAS THAT DIFFERENTIAL?

2194
01:27:49,231 --> 01:27:51,700
48% REDUCTION IN INTERNALIZING 

2195
01:27:51,700 --> 01:27:52,734
SYMPTOMS IN THOSE CHILDREN OF 

2196
01:27:52,734 --> 01:27:54,636
LOW INCOME THAT CAME FROM HIGH 

2197
01:27:54,636 --> 01:27:56,805
CASH BENEFITS.

2198
01:27:56,805 --> 01:27:59,975
AND SIMILARLY, THE REDUCTION IN 

2199
01:27:59,975 --> 01:28:02,344
TERMS OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL 

2200
01:28:02,344 --> 01:28:11,153
EFFECTS WAS A 34% REDUCTION 

2201
01:28:11,153 --> 01:28:14,022
HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME DISPARITIES 

2202
01:28:14,022 --> 01:28:16,391
TO MAKE A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE

2203
01:28:16,391 --> 01:28:19,127
IN OVERALL BRAIN DEVELOPMENT 

2204
01:28:19,127 --> 01:28:20,362
COGNITION AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY.

2205
01:28:20,362 --> 01:28:21,863
THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE AS WE 

2206
01:28:21,863 --> 01:28:24,032
ARE SPEAKING ABOUT PREVENTION, 

2207
01:28:24,032 --> 01:28:25,901
SPEAKING ABOUT DECISIONS AND 

2208
01:28:25,901 --> 01:28:27,536
POLICIES AND INTERVENTIONS, 

2209
01:28:27,536 --> 01:28:30,038
BEING ABLE TO HAVE DATA LIKE 

2210
01:28:30,038 --> 01:28:33,241
THIS CAN GUIDE THE STATES TO 

2211
01:28:33,241 --> 01:28:36,478
MAKE -- TO TAILOR THEIR 

2212
01:28:36,478 --> 01:28:36,811
INTERVENTION.

2213
01:28:36,811 --> 01:28:37,812
THESE ARE TWO EXAMPLES.

2214
01:28:37,812 --> 01:28:41,049
BOTH OF THEM RELATED TO 

2215
01:28:41,049 --> 01:28:43,118
SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS TO 

2216
01:28:43,118 --> 01:28:44,219
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND THEN

2217
01:28:44,219 --> 01:28:45,520
THE THIRD EXAMPLE I WANT TO GIVE

2218
01:28:45,520 --> 01:28:47,289
YOU WHICH IS IN THE NEXT SLIDE 

2219
01:28:47,289 --> 01:28:49,324
IS ACTUALLY ONE THAT ALL 

2220
01:28:49,324 --> 01:28:50,725
PSYCHIATRISTS HAVE BEEN 

2221
01:28:50,725 --> 01:28:54,863
SALIVATING FOR MANY, MANY YEARS 

2222
01:28:54,863 --> 01:28:56,932
WHICH IS THE NOTION OF HOW DO WE

2223
01:28:56,932 --> 01:28:59,601
IDENTIFY A CHILD THAT IS AT HIGH

2224
01:28:59,601 --> 01:29:01,203
RISK FOR A PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER?

2225
01:29:01,203 --> 01:29:03,271
WE TEND TO DO THAT, OF COURSE, 

2226
01:29:03,271 --> 01:29:06,241
IF YOU HAVE A FAMILY HISTORY.

2227
01:29:06,241 --> 01:29:07,742
IT IS NOT SO SIMPLE.

2228
01:29:07,742 --> 01:29:09,511
AS A RESULT OF THAT, THE SENSE 

2229
01:29:09,511 --> 01:29:13,615
IS WHEN CHILDREN OR ADOLESCENTS 

2230
01:29:13,615 --> 01:29:16,117
START TO SHOW PSYCHOPATHOLOGY 

2231
01:29:16,117 --> 01:29:19,354
THEY ARE ALREADY QUITE ADVANCED.

2232
01:29:19,354 --> 01:29:21,790
LIKE ANY OTHER DISEASES CAN WE 

2233
01:29:21,790 --> 01:29:23,558
INTERVENE AS EARLY AND POSSIBLE 

2234
01:29:23,558 --> 01:29:26,595
TO PRET THOSE TRAJECTORIES THAT 

2235
01:29:26,595 --> 01:29:29,197
CAN LEAD TO A SEVERE MENTAL 

2236
01:29:29,197 --> 01:29:29,431
ILLNESS.

2237
01:29:29,431 --> 01:29:33,501
THERE HAS BEEN AN ENORMOUS 

2238
01:29:33,501 --> 01:29:37,239
AMOUNT OF WORK IN PSYCHIATRY TO 

2239
01:29:37,239 --> 01:29:41,076
USE IMAGING, ALSO POLYGEN 

2240
01:29:41,076 --> 01:29:44,079
RESCORES AND BRAIN IMAGING TO 

2241
01:29:44,079 --> 01:29:46,982
IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED 

2242
01:29:46,982 --> 01:29:49,117
WITH MENTAL ILLNESS.

2243
01:29:49,117 --> 01:29:50,885
RECENTLY A VERY INTERESTING 

2244
01:29:50,885 --> 01:29:53,021
STORY WAS ACTUALLY REPORTED.

2245
01:29:53,021 --> 01:29:54,856
THIS WAS IN 2024, WHICH YOU SEE 

2246
01:29:54,856 --> 01:29:59,127
THE IMAGES TO THE LEFT THAT IN 

2247
01:29:59,127 --> 01:30:05,133
THE FIRST COLUMN IS CONTROLLED 

2248
01:30:05,133 --> 01:30:05,433
INDIVIDUALS.

2249
01:30:05,433 --> 01:30:10,872
AND THESE ARE BRAIN, SAGITAL 

2250
01:30:10,872 --> 01:30:14,109
BRAIN IMAGES THE UPPER IS 

2251
01:30:14,109 --> 01:30:15,810
LATERAL AND TORE IS MIDLINE.

2252
01:30:15,810 --> 01:30:18,280
IN LATERAL AND MIDLINE YOU 

2253
01:30:18,280 --> 01:30:21,916
IDENTIFY THE REGIONS IN BLACK 

2254
01:30:21,916 --> 01:30:29,624
REPRESENT THE SALIENT NETWORK 

2255
01:30:29,624 --> 01:30:31,793
THAT IS THE VALUE OF A 

2256
01:30:31,793 --> 01:30:33,762
PARTICULAR STIMULANT.

2257
01:30:33,762 --> 01:30:35,130
WHAT THESE SHOW AND COLLABORATE 

2258
01:30:35,130 --> 01:30:38,033
IN EACH COHORT WHICH EACH COLUMN

2259
01:30:38,033 --> 01:30:41,102
IS A REPLICATION, INDIVIDUALS 

2260
01:30:41,102 --> 01:30:44,906
SUFFERING FROM DEPRESSION HAD AN

2261
01:30:44,906 --> 01:30:46,274
EXPANSION, THAT IS THE THE 

2262
01:30:46,274 --> 01:30:51,112
SURFACE AREA OF THE SALIENT 

2263
01:30:51,112 --> 01:30:53,915
NETWORK IS MUCH LARGER OF THE 

2264
01:30:53,915 --> 01:30:57,485
PATIENT, OF THEIR CORTEX IS MORE

2265
01:30:57,485 --> 01:30:59,287
LARGER THAN IN CONTROLS.

2266
01:30:59,287 --> 01:31:02,857
THIS WAS REPLICATED IN THREE 

2267
01:31:02,857 --> 01:31:04,659
DIFFERENT SAMPLES, LARGE SAMPLES

2268
01:31:04,659 --> 01:31:09,731
OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DEPRESSION.

2269
01:31:09,731 --> 01:31:10,932
RESEARCHERS WENT ON AND SAID 

2270
01:31:10,932 --> 01:31:14,202
WHAT ABOUT IF WE LOOK AT THE 

2271
01:31:14,202 --> 01:31:16,838
LONGITUDINAL DATA FROM THE ABCD,

2272
01:31:16,838 --> 01:31:19,441
IDENTIFY CHILDREN AND THERE IS 

2273
01:31:19,441 --> 01:31:21,409
AN EXPANDED REPRESENTATION OF 

2274
01:31:21,409 --> 01:31:23,311
THE SALIENT NETWORK IN THE BRAIN

2275
01:31:23,311 --> 01:31:28,049
CAN WE USE THAT AS THE PREDICTOR

2276
01:31:28,049 --> 01:31:28,450
OF DEPRESSION.

2277
01:31:28,450 --> 01:31:31,753
THEY ARE ABLE TO SHOW THEY CAN 

2278
01:31:31,753 --> 01:31:33,188
PREDICT DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS ON 

2279
01:31:33,188 --> 01:31:37,525
THE BASIS OF THE SALIENCY 

2280
01:31:37,525 --> 01:31:37,992
NETWORK.

2281
01:31:37,992 --> 01:31:40,929
CHILDREN WHO WILL BE DEVELOPING 

2282
01:31:40,929 --> 01:31:42,130
DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS, TEND TO 

2283
01:31:42,130 --> 01:31:46,067
HAVE A LARGER REPRESENTATION OF 

2284
01:31:46,067 --> 01:31:47,569
THE SALIENT NETWORK.

2285
01:31:47,569 --> 01:31:57,545
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE THIS ENABLES 

2286
01:31:57,545 --> 01:32:01,149
TO IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS TO HELP 

2287
01:32:01,149 --> 01:32:02,617
GUIDE EARLIER INTERVENTIONS.

2288
01:32:02,617 --> 01:32:04,686
THESE ARE THREE EXAMPLES I PICK 

2289
01:32:04,686 --> 01:32:06,121
UP BECAUSE, OF COURSE, I LOVE 

2290
01:32:06,121 --> 01:32:09,924
THE BRAIN AND EXTREMELY 

2291
01:32:09,924 --> 01:32:12,627
INTERESTED IN HOW IT UNDERLIES 

2292
01:32:12,627 --> 01:32:14,329
OUR BEHAVIORS AND 

2293
01:32:14,329 --> 01:32:16,064
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, BUT IT IS ALSO 

2294
01:32:16,064 --> 01:32:17,565
VERY IMPORTANT REGARDING 

2295
01:32:17,565 --> 01:32:19,601
POLICIES AND GUIDELINES.

2296
01:32:19,601 --> 01:32:20,301
NEXT SLIDE.

2297
01:32:20,301 --> 01:32:22,771
SO NOT SURPRISING BECAUSE THIS 

2298
01:32:22,771 --> 01:32:26,875
IS A STUDY THAT HAS JUST BEEN 

2299
01:32:26,875 --> 01:32:29,511
DISSEMINATED EVERYWHERE, IT HAS 

2300
01:32:29,511 --> 01:32:33,648
HAD A TREMENDOUS IMPACT 

2301
01:32:33,648 --> 01:32:39,120
VIS-A-VIS QUALITY DOCUMENTS AND 

2302
01:32:39,120 --> 01:32:41,322
CLINICAL AROUNDS THE WORLD.

2303
01:32:41,322 --> 01:32:44,225
THE UNITED NATIONS, THE FRENCH 

2304
01:32:44,225 --> 01:32:47,228
GOVERNMENT, THE COLUMBIAN 

2305
01:32:47,228 --> 01:32:49,230
GOVERNMENT, THE BRITISH 

2306
01:32:49,230 --> 01:32:49,597
GOVERNMENT.

2307
01:32:49,597 --> 01:32:51,833
IT IS RECOGNIZED HOW IT CAN HELP

2308
01:32:51,833 --> 01:32:54,302
US IDENTIFY ASPECTS THAT IN THE 

2309
01:32:54,302 --> 01:32:58,239
PAST WERE NOT OBSERVABLE.

2310
01:32:58,239 --> 01:32:59,908
THE NEXT SLIDE IS ONE THAT I 

2311
01:32:59,908 --> 01:33:01,876
SHOWED, THE NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE, 

2312
01:33:01,876 --> 01:33:04,879
BECAUSE IT ACTUALLY DOES IN A 

2313
01:33:04,879 --> 01:33:06,881
VERY CONCRETE WAY EXEMPLIFIES 

2314
01:33:06,881 --> 01:33:10,785
ONE OF THOSE GUIDELINES AND THE 

2315
01:33:10,785 --> 01:33:15,123
GUIDELINES RECENTLY PUBLISHED 

2316
01:33:15,123 --> 01:33:22,664
FORKED A  ADHD.

2317
01:33:22,664 --> 01:33:26,201
WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT IS ADHD IS

2318
01:33:26,201 --> 01:33:29,037
STILL QUESTIONED BY MANY ABOUT 

2319
01:33:29,037 --> 01:33:33,441
IT BEING A REAL DISORDER.

2320
01:33:33,441 --> 01:33:35,143
IT IS BEING QUESTIONED WHAT IS 

2321
01:33:35,143 --> 01:33:37,212
THE OPTIMAL TREATMENT AND HOW TO

2322
01:33:37,212 --> 01:33:37,779
RECOGNIZE IT.

2323
01:33:37,779 --> 01:33:40,582
TO BE ABLE THROUGH THE ABCD 

2324
01:33:40,582 --> 01:33:42,283
STUDY WHICH APPROXIMATELY 10% OF

2325
01:33:42,283 --> 01:33:47,489
THOSE CHILDREN, 8% TO 10% HAVE A

2326
01:33:47,489 --> 01:33:57,131
DIAGNOSIS OF ADHD ALLOWS US TO 

2327
01:33:57,131 --> 01:33:58,666
DETERMINE IF TREATMENT SOMETIMES

2328
01:33:58,666 --> 01:33:59,701
QUESTIONED BY OTHERS IS 

2329
01:33:59,701 --> 01:34:01,936
ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVEMENTS IN 

2330
01:34:01,936 --> 01:34:04,739
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT, IN FUNCTION, 

2331
01:34:04,739 --> 01:34:06,908
AND/OR ADDRESS THAT IMPORTANT 

2332
01:34:06,908 --> 01:34:08,343
QUESTION THAT SOMEONE HAS 

2333
01:34:08,343 --> 01:34:11,012
BROUGHT UP, COULD IT MAKE THEM 

2334
01:34:11,012 --> 01:34:14,649
MORE VULNERABLE TO THE USE OF 

2335
01:34:14,649 --> 01:34:16,784
SUBSTANCES GATHERING DATA AND 

2336
01:34:16,784 --> 01:34:18,453
EVIDENCE HAS BEEN TREMENDOUSLY 

2337
01:34:18,453 --> 01:34:19,387
POWERFUL TO ADVANCE THESE 

2338
01:34:19,387 --> 01:34:28,463
FIELDS.

2339
01:34:28,463 --> 01:34:31,132
AS WE LOOK INTO WHAT WE ARE 

2340
01:34:31,132 --> 01:34:31,866
OBSERVING, THERE ARE MANY 

2341
01:34:31,866 --> 01:34:33,268
CHANGES HAPPENING IN THE 

2342
01:34:33,268 --> 01:34:37,872
LANDSCAPE OF ADOLESCENTS.

2343
01:34:37,872 --> 01:34:39,908
AND SORT OF THIS HAS GENERATED A

2344
01:34:39,908 --> 01:34:42,377
LOT OF CONCERN IN GENERAL FROM 

2345
01:34:42,377 --> 01:34:43,144
OUR SOCIETY.

2346
01:34:43,144 --> 01:34:44,846
FOR EXAMPLE, SLEEP.

2347
01:34:44,846 --> 01:34:47,949
I MEAN, WE HAVE THE WHOLE ALL 

2348
01:34:47,949 --> 01:34:50,018
ALONG VERY MUCH CONCERNED ABOUT 

2349
01:34:50,018 --> 01:34:51,553
THE NOTION THAT SLEEP IS CRUCIAL

2350
01:34:51,553 --> 01:34:56,591
FOR BRAIN DEVELOPMENT.

2351
01:34:56,591 --> 01:35:00,428
WE KNOW THAT AND SO THE 

2352
01:35:00,428 --> 01:35:01,129
RECOMMENDATIONS CHILDREN SHOULD 

2353
01:35:01,129 --> 01:35:04,399
SLEEP 8 TO 10 HOURS A DAY AND 

2354
01:35:04,399 --> 01:35:06,467
THE ABCD DATA SAYS THAT IS NOT 

2355
01:35:06,467 --> 01:35:08,202
HAPPENING VERY MUCH IN THE 

2356
01:35:08,202 --> 01:35:08,770
UNITED STATES.

2357
01:35:08,770 --> 01:35:11,039
APPROXIMATELY 48% OF THOSE 

2358
01:35:11,039 --> 01:35:13,241
CHILDREN ARE ACTUALLY SLEEPING 

2359
01:35:13,241 --> 01:35:14,776
THE RECOMMENDED HOURS.

2360
01:35:14,776 --> 01:35:16,778
RESEARCHERS ARE STARTING TO LOOK

2361
01:35:16,778 --> 01:35:20,281
AT HOW THAT AMOUNT OF SLEEP THAT

2362
01:35:20,281 --> 01:35:22,650
ADOLESCENTS HAVE INFLUENCES 

2363
01:35:22,650 --> 01:35:25,019
THEIR BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND HOW 

2364
01:35:25,019 --> 01:35:27,322
INTERESTINGLY WHAT THE STUDIES 

2365
01:35:27,322 --> 01:35:28,556
ARE SHOWING IS TREMENDOUS 

2366
01:35:28,556 --> 01:35:33,962
DISPARITIES IN SLEEP SUCH THAT 

2367
01:35:33,962 --> 01:35:36,264
BLACK AMERICANS, FOR EXAMPLE, 

2368
01:35:36,264 --> 01:35:37,899
ADOLESCENTS SLEEP HALF AN HOUR 

2369
01:35:37,899 --> 01:35:39,334
LESS THAN WHITE AMERICANS.

2370
01:35:39,334 --> 01:35:41,803
INDIVIDUALS ON THAT, THE MAIN 

2371
01:35:41,803 --> 01:35:44,606
CONTRIBUTOR OF THAT ACTUALLY 

2372
01:35:44,606 --> 01:35:46,441
REFLECTS DIFFERENCES IN 

2373
01:35:46,441 --> 01:35:48,576
SOCIOECONOMIC, LOWER INCOME IN 

2374
01:35:48,576 --> 01:35:49,911
THE FAMILIES OF BLACK AMERICANS 

2375
01:35:49,911 --> 01:35:52,413
DRIVES MANY OF THESE 

2376
01:35:52,413 --> 01:35:52,847
DIFFERENCES.

2377
01:35:52,847 --> 01:35:54,349
ANOTHER EXTREMELY IMPORTANT ONE 

2378
01:35:54,349 --> 01:36:00,254
AND I WOULD SAY ONE WE NEED TO 

2379
01:36:00,254 --> 01:36:04,092
ACTUALLY GOING TO BE ABLE TO 

2380
01:36:04,092 --> 01:36:07,195
UNDERSTAND HOW IT INFLUENCES 

2381
01:36:07,195 --> 01:36:11,499
ADOLESCENCE IS SOCIAL MEDIA.

2382
01:36:11,499 --> 01:36:12,700
THERE IS TREMENDOUS CONCERN THAT

2383
01:36:12,700 --> 01:36:14,702
THE OVERUTILIZATION OF SOCIAL 

2384
01:36:14,702 --> 01:36:18,473
MEDIA ON THE ONE HAND HAS MADE 

2385
01:36:18,473 --> 01:36:19,974
ADOLESCENTS LESS LIKELY TO 

2386
01:36:19,974 --> 01:36:21,976
UNDERSTAND AND INTERACT WITH 

2387
01:36:21,976 --> 01:36:24,912
PEERS IN WAYS THAT LEAD TO 

2388
01:36:24,912 --> 01:36:26,214
PLAYFULNESS AND PHYSICAL 

2389
01:36:26,214 --> 01:36:36,758
ACTIVITIES AND FACILITATES 

2390
01:36:38,926 --> 01:36:41,362
BULLYING, SUICIDE, DEPRESSION.

2391
01:36:41,362 --> 01:36:42,296
UNDERSTANDS HOW SOCIAL MEDIA 

2392
01:36:42,296 --> 01:36:43,998
INFLUENCES BEHAVIORS, NETWORKS 

2393
01:36:43,998 --> 01:36:49,470
IN THE BRAIN IS CRUCIAL AND THE 

2394
01:36:49,470 --> 01:36:52,106
ABCD HAS BEEN FOCUSED TO 

2395
01:36:52,106 --> 01:36:53,975
UNDERSTAND THESE QUESTIONS.

2396
01:36:53,975 --> 01:36:56,277
WE HAVE AN INFOGRAPHIC WHERE WE 

2397
01:36:56,277 --> 01:37:00,848
SUMMARIZE SOME OF THE RESULTS.

2398
01:37:00,848 --> 01:37:02,750
IT SHOWS TEENAGERS WHO USE 

2399
01:37:02,750 --> 01:37:05,153
SOCIAL MEDIA EXTENSIVELY HAVE 

2400
01:37:05,153 --> 01:37:07,655
HIGHER LEVELS OF DEPRESSION, 

2401
01:37:07,655 --> 01:37:08,222
ANXIETY.

2402
01:37:08,222 --> 01:37:11,059
IT SHOWS IN SOME INSTANCES SOME 

2403
01:37:11,059 --> 01:37:13,161
OF THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA CAN 

2404
01:37:13,161 --> 01:37:13,795
HAVE BENEFITS.

2405
01:37:13,795 --> 01:37:16,898
AND THERE WAS A PARTICULAR PAPER

2406
01:37:16,898 --> 01:37:19,033
THAT WAS VERY INTERESTING 

2407
01:37:19,033 --> 01:37:22,003
BECAUSE IT IS SHOWING THAT IN 

2408
01:37:22,003 --> 01:37:24,639
TEENAGER THAT PLAY VIDEO GAMES 

2409
01:37:24,639 --> 01:37:26,674
FOR EXCESSIVE HOURS, FOR MORE 

2410
01:37:26,674 --> 01:37:29,944
HOURS TEND TO HAVE BETTER 

2411
01:37:29,944 --> 01:37:32,513
WORKING MEMORIES AND REACTION 

2412
01:37:32,513 --> 01:37:34,415
PAST THOSE THAT DO NOT.

2413
01:37:34,415 --> 01:37:39,120
UNDERSTANDING HOW SOCIAL MEDIA 

2414
01:37:39,120 --> 01:37:42,623
AFFECTS ADOLESCENTS IS CRUCIAL.

2415
01:37:42,623 --> 01:37:45,326
THE ABCD WAS STARTED IN 2016.

2416
01:37:45,326 --> 01:37:47,328
WE STARTED COLLECTING DATA THEN.

2417
01:37:47,328 --> 01:37:52,567
IN 2020, WE HAVE A -- AND THEN 

2418
01:37:52,567 --> 01:37:55,136
THERE WERE SOCIALIZATION AND 

2419
01:37:55,136 --> 01:37:56,804
SCHOOL CLOSURES AND THE 

2420
01:37:56,804 --> 01:37:59,874
INTERACTION OF TEENAGERS CHANGED

2421
01:37:59,874 --> 01:38:00,408
COMPL

2422
01:38:00,408 --> 01:38:00,708
COMPLETELY.

2423
01:38:00,708 --> 01:38:01,976
THEIR EDUCATION CHANGED BECAUSE 

2424
01:38:01,976 --> 01:38:02,543
OF COVID.

2425
01:38:02,543 --> 01:38:03,911
SO VIEWING THE OPPORTUNITY WE 

2426
01:38:03,911 --> 01:38:09,884
HAD IN 2020, 2021, WE BASICALLY 

2427
01:38:09,884 --> 01:38:14,255
DID SUPPLEMENTAL FUNDING TO ABCD

2428
01:38:14,255 --> 01:38:15,790
INVESTIGATORS TO ENSURE THEY 

2429
01:38:15,790 --> 01:38:17,759
WERE COLLECTING DATA THAT WAS 

2430
01:38:17,759 --> 01:38:20,628
RELEVANT INCLUDING THE ISOLATION

2431
01:38:20,628 --> 01:38:24,198
WAS INFLUENCING THESE TEENAGERS.

2432
01:38:24,198 --> 01:38:26,434
ALSO INCLUDING DATA TO ASSESS 

2433
01:38:26,434 --> 01:38:27,735
HOW THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT 

2434
01:38:27,735 --> 01:38:30,505
ITSELF WAS BEING INFLUENCED BY 

2435
01:38:30,505 --> 01:38:31,706
THE COVID PANDEMIC AND, OF 

2436
01:38:31,706 --> 01:38:33,107
COURSE, IMPORTANTLY WHERE THEY 

2437
01:38:33,107 --> 01:38:35,476
WERE BEING INFECTED IN THEIR 

2438
01:38:35,476 --> 01:38:39,680
FAMILY OR NOT OR NEGATIVELY 

2439
01:38:39,680 --> 01:38:41,783
AFFECTED BY THE CONSEQUENCES OF 

2440
01:38:41,783 --> 01:38:42,216
COVID.

2441
01:38:42,216 --> 01:38:44,118
SEVERAL PAPERS HAVE ALREADY BEEN

2442
01:38:44,118 --> 01:38:46,320
PUBLISHED ON THIS, BUT I WOULD 

2443
01:38:46,320 --> 01:38:51,025
SAY IMPORTANTLY, FOR EXAMPLE, WE

2444
01:38:51,025 --> 01:38:53,361
HAVE THE DATA LONGITUDINAL OF 

2445
01:38:53,361 --> 01:38:54,762
THOSE TEENAGERS THAT GOT 

2446
01:38:54,762 --> 01:38:55,963
INFECTED WITH COVID AND THOSE 

2447
01:38:55,963 --> 01:38:59,867
THAT MOST OF THEM BY NOW HAVE.

2448
01:38:59,867 --> 01:39:03,104
OF THE TEENAGERS THAT GOT 

2449
01:39:03,104 --> 01:39:04,505
VACCINATED VERSUS THOSE THAT DO 

2450
01:39:04,505 --> 01:39:04,672
NOT.

2451
01:39:04,672 --> 01:39:08,009
THE DATA IN TERMS OF HOW THESE 

2452
01:39:08,009 --> 01:39:09,410
TEENAGERS, WHETHER THEY DO 

2453
01:39:09,410 --> 01:39:12,647
DEVELOP LONG LASTING SYMPTOMS OF

2454
01:39:12,647 --> 01:39:17,351
COVID AND HOW THAT INFECTION, IF

2455
01:39:17,351 --> 01:39:19,787
AT ALL, INFLUENCES THEIR BRAIN.

2456
01:39:19,787 --> 01:39:21,823
IT IS OF IMPORTANCE BECAUSE WE 

2457
01:39:21,823 --> 01:39:24,192
HAVE KNOWN OF VIRAL INFECTIONS 

2458
01:39:24,192 --> 01:39:25,626
THAT HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH 

2459
01:39:25,626 --> 01:39:30,231
PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS.

2460
01:39:30,231 --> 01:39:40,174
THIS IS JUST TO THANK EVERYONE.

2461
01:39:40,174 --> 01:39:43,411
THERE ARE 10 FEDERAL PARTNERS 

2462
01:39:43,411 --> 01:39:46,647
AGENCIES INVOLVED, 21 RESEARCH 

2463
01:39:46,647 --> 01:39:47,915
SITES, HUNDREDS OF INVESTIGATORS

2464
01:39:47,915 --> 01:39:53,387
AND TRAINEES, EVEN MORE RESEARCH

2465
01:39:53,387 --> 01:39:54,589
ASSISTANTS AND STAFF.

2466
01:39:54,589 --> 01:39:56,624
CLOSE TO 12,000 PARTICIPANTS AND

2467
01:39:56,624 --> 01:40:00,161
THEIR FAMILIES.

2468
01:40:00,161 --> 01:40:02,930
I DO WANT TO THANK -- WHO HAS 

2469
01:40:02,930 --> 01:40:04,398
BEEN AN EXTRAORDINARY LEADER FOR

2470
01:40:04,398 --> 01:40:05,733
THIS STUDY.

2471
01:40:05,733 --> 01:40:08,469
THANKS VERY MUCH FOR YOUR 

2472
01:40:08,469 --> 01:40:09,570
ATTENTION AND I'M HAPPY TO 

2473
01:40:09,570 --> 01:40:10,438
ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS IF THERE 

2474
01:40:10,438 --> 01:40:13,774
ARE ANY.

2475
01:40:13,774 --> 01:40:15,676
>> THANKS, VERY MUCH,
NORA.

2476
01:40:15,676 --> 01:40:17,545
COULD WE PULL DOWN THE SLIDES, 

2477
01:40:17,545 --> 01:40:19,881
PLEASE, AND LET'S SEE WHO WOULD 

2478
01:40:19,881 --> 01:40:23,117
LIKE TO MAKE THE COMMENT OR ASK 

2479
01:40:23,117 --> 01:40:31,826
A QUESTION.

2480
01:40:31,826 --> 01:40:34,528
>> I THINK YOU OVERWHELMED

2481
01:40:34,528 --> 01:40:34,795
EVERYBODY.

2482
01:40:34,795 --> 01:40:39,133
>> I GUESS SO.

2483
01:40:39,133 --> 01:40:42,970
>> WAFAA, PLEASE.

2484
01:40:42,970 --> 01:40:48,743
>> THANK YOU FOR
REMARKABLE 

2485
01:40:48,743 --> 01:40:50,177
PRESENTATION AND IMPORTANT WORK.

2486
01:40:50,177 --> 01:40:52,146
I SEE YOU MUST HAVE DATA ON 

2487
01:40:52,146 --> 01:40:52,513
THIS.

2488
01:40:52,513 --> 01:40:55,016
HOW MUCH ARE YOU CONNECTING 

2489
01:40:55,016 --> 01:40:56,450
INFORMATION ON THE FAMILIES?

2490
01:40:56,450 --> 01:41:01,622
SIBLINGS AND FAMILY MEMBERS OF 

2491
01:41:01,622 --> 01:41:06,427
THE, I GUESS THE ADOLESCENTS IN 

2492
01:41:06,427 --> 01:41:08,029
THE COHORT AS THEY MOVE FORWARD?

2493
01:41:08,029 --> 01:41:08,396
>> YES.

2494
01:41:08,396 --> 01:41:13,234
I MEAN, IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO 

2495
01:41:13,234 --> 01:41:13,834
UNDERSTAND THAT INDIVIDUAL 

2496
01:41:13,834 --> 01:41:15,303
WITHIN THE COHORT OF THEIR 

2497
01:41:15,303 --> 01:41:15,536
FAMILY.

2498
01:41:15,536 --> 01:41:17,004
SO THERE IS DETAILED INFORMATION

2499
01:41:17,004 --> 01:41:25,246
OF THE FAMILY STRUCTURE AND ITS 

2500
01:41:25,246 --> 01:41:26,814
CHARACTERISTICS.

2501
01:41:26,814 --> 01:41:29,550
AS IMMEDIATE FAMILY AND FURTHER 

2502
01:41:29,550 --> 01:41:32,720
APART FAMILY AS WELL AS FRIENDS 

2503
01:41:32,720 --> 01:41:35,022
AND SOCIAL NETWORKS.

2504
01:41:35,022 --> 01:41:37,525
SO, YES, INDEED, PARTICULARLY 

2505
01:41:37,525 --> 01:41:40,094
RELEVANT AS I WAS MENTIONING FOR

2506
01:41:40,094 --> 01:41:42,163
THE COVID PANDEMIC WAS 

2507
01:41:42,163 --> 01:41:43,130
RECOGNIZING HOW FOR EXAMPLE THE 

2508
01:41:43,130 --> 01:41:46,367
PARENTS WERE FACING THE COVID 

2509
01:41:46,367 --> 01:41:46,634
PANDEMIC.

2510
01:41:46,634 --> 01:41:48,102
DID THEY LOSE THEIR JOB?

2511
01:41:48,102 --> 01:41:49,870
DID THEY HAVE A SAFE PLACE WHERE

2512
01:41:49,870 --> 01:41:51,238
THEY COULD BE?

2513
01:41:51,238 --> 01:41:53,407
DID THEY HAVE ENOUGH RESOURCES?

2514
01:41:53,407 --> 01:41:58,179
AND ALL OF THESE FACTORS HAVE 

2515
01:41:58,179 --> 01:42:00,681
BEEN FOLLOWED UP TO INDICATE 

2516
01:42:00,681 --> 01:42:02,049
THAT THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL STRESS 

2517
01:42:02,049 --> 01:42:04,752
IN THE FAMILY PREDICTED WHETHER 

2518
01:42:04,752 --> 01:42:07,822
THE TEENAGER WILL SHOW SYMPTOMS 

2519
01:42:07,822 --> 01:42:09,390
OR NOT DURING THE COVID 

2520
01:42:09,390 --> 01:42:09,657
PANDEMIC.

2521
01:42:09,657 --> 01:42:13,127
THE MOST IMPORTANT AVAILABLE 

2522
01:42:13,127 --> 01:42:15,997
THAT CAN PREDICT HOW TEENAGERS 

2523
01:42:15,997 --> 01:42:16,764
WERE RESPONDING TO THE COVID 

2524
01:42:16,764 --> 01:42:18,299
PANDEMIC THEMSELVES.

2525
01:42:18,299 --> 01:42:19,133
>> THANK YOU.

2526
01:42:19,133 --> 01:42:21,702
SO TO KEEP ON TIME, BRIAN, WE'RE

2527
01:42:21,702 --> 01:42:23,804
GOING TO LET YOU HAVE THE LAST 

2528
01:42:23,804 --> 01:42:24,338
WORD, PLEASE.

2529
01:42:24,338 --> 01:42:25,306
>> THARNGS.

2530
01:42:25,306 --> 01:42:29,210
NORA, SO EXCITING TO SEE THE 

2531
01:42:29,210 --> 01:42:32,013
UPDATE ABOUT THE ABCD STUDY.

2532
01:42:32,013 --> 01:42:35,249
AS THE TEENAGER ARE NOW 2024, 

2533
01:42:35,249 --> 01:42:41,522
2026 REACHING LATER R TEENAGE 

2534
01:42:41,522 --> 01:42:41,722
YEARS.

2535
01:42:41,722 --> 01:42:43,524
ARE YOU PLANNING TO DO HIV 

2536
01:42:43,524 --> 01:42:44,525
TESTING?

2537
01:42:44,525 --> 01:42:46,494
IT SEEMS THERE IS AN OPPORTUNITY

2538
01:42:46,494 --> 01:42:50,798
TO LOOK AT PATTERNS AND 

2539
01:42:50,798 --> 01:42:52,833
TRAJECTORIES THAT MIGHT PUT THEM

2540
01:42:52,833 --> 01:42:54,535
AT RISK FOR HIV PARTICULARLY 

2541
01:42:54,535 --> 01:42:55,636
INDIVIDUALS AT HIGHER RISK?

2542
01:42:55,636 --> 01:42:56,570
>> DEFINITELY.

2543
01:42:56,570 --> 01:42:58,506
BECAUSE THE STUDY WILL BE ENDING

2544
01:42:58,506 --> 01:43:03,110
IN 2027 AND IT IS IN THE 

2545
01:43:03,110 --> 01:43:04,111
TRANSITION WHERE YOU START TO 

2546
01:43:04,111 --> 01:43:07,948
SEE THE EMERGENCE OF RISKIER 

2547
01:43:07,948 --> 01:43:08,215
BEHAVIORS.

2548
01:43:08,215 --> 01:43:11,118
IN THE ABCD 2.0, TO FOLLOW THEM 

2549
01:43:11,118 --> 01:43:12,620
AND UNDERSTAND HOW IT INFLUENCES

2550
01:43:12,620 --> 01:43:19,560
THEIR TRAJECTORIES.

2551
01:43:19,560 --> 01:43:21,629
YES, THEY COULD GET OTHER 

2552
01:43:21,629 --> 01:43:24,598
DISEASES LIKE HIV, BUT OTHER 

2553
01:43:24,598 --> 01:43:27,935
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 

2554
01:43:27,935 --> 01:43:29,103
THAT ARE QUITE PREVALENT AS WELL

2555
01:43:29,103 --> 01:43:30,404
AS MEDICAL CONDITIONS.

2556
01:43:30,404 --> 01:43:33,674
IT WAS CLEAR I WAS FOCUSING ON 

2557
01:43:33,674 --> 01:43:38,512
MENTAL ILLNESS AND SUBSTANCE 

2558
01:43:38,512 --> 01:43:43,250
USE, BUZZ THAT STAGE OF LIFE CAN

2559
01:43:43,250 --> 01:43:46,887
CEMENT BEHAVIORS THAT INFLUENCE 

2560
01:43:46,887 --> 01:43:48,656
DIABETES, OR HYPERTENSION.

2561
01:43:48,656 --> 01:43:50,257
SO, YES, INDEED.

2562
01:43:50,257 --> 01:43:51,292
>> THANK YOU.

2563
01:43:51,292 --> 01:43:53,461
>> THANKS VERY MUCH.

2564
01:43:53,461 --> 01:43:56,230
BACK TO YOU, MONICA.

2565
01:43:56,230 --> 01:44:00,568
>> THANK YOU FOR MUCH DR.
VOLKOW

2566
01:44:00,568 --> 01:44:02,369
FOR THAT AMAZING PRESENTATION 

2567
01:44:02,369 --> 01:44:04,371
AND SO MUCH MORE TO COME FROM 

2568
01:44:04,371 --> 01:44:04,605
ABCD.

2569
01:44:04,605 --> 01:44:07,408
NEXT WE ARE GOING TO MOVE ON TO 

2570
01:44:07,408 --> 01:44:10,311
HELA GENOME DATA ACCESS WORKING 

2571
01:44:10,311 --> 01:44:11,745
GROUP FOR SOME DISCUSSION ON 

2572
01:44:11,745 --> 01:44:15,182
DATA ACCESS.

2573
01:44:15,182 --> 01:44:18,652
DR. LYRIC JORGENSON AND GARH 

2574
01:44:18,652 --> 01:44:21,055
GRAHAM WHO IS THE DIRECTOR OF 

2575
01:44:21,055 --> 01:44:22,223
GLOBAL HEALTH FOR HEALTH CARE 

2576
01:44:22,223 --> 01:44:23,858
AND PUBLIC HEALTH AT 

2577
01:44:23,858 --> 01:44:24,225
GOOGLE/YOUTUBE.

2578
01:44:24,225 --> 01:44:26,327
>> THANK YOU.

2579
01:44:26,327 --> 01:44:35,102
>> I'M GARTH GRAHAM AND I
SERVE 

2580
01:44:35,102 --> 01:44:36,570
ALONGSIDE LYRIC JORGENSON.

2581
01:44:36,570 --> 01:44:39,340
WE WILL REPORT ON THE EVALUATION

2582
01:44:39,340 --> 01:44:42,009
OF A RESEARCH PROPOSAL TO ACCESS

2583
01:44:42,009 --> 01:44:45,713
THE HELA SIGN GENOMIC DATA.

2584
01:44:45,713 --> 01:44:49,049
SO THE -- MANY OF YOU PROBABLY 

2585
01:44:49,049 --> 01:44:53,087
KNOW THE GILA DATA USE AGREEMENT

2586
01:44:53,087 --> 01:44:54,588
HAS EXAMINATIONS FOR 

2587
01:44:54,588 --> 01:44:56,790
EXPECTATIONS WISHING TO ACCESS 

2588
01:44:56,790 --> 01:45:01,362
HELA CELL WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCE 

2589
01:45:01,362 --> 01:45:02,463
DATA.

2590
01:45:02,463 --> 01:45:04,231
INVESTIGATORS ABIDE BY THE TERMS

2591
01:45:04,231 --> 01:45:05,900
SET FORTH IN THE AGREEMENT AND 

2592
01:45:05,900 --> 01:45:09,370
TO USE THE DATA FOR SPECIFIC 

2593
01:45:09,370 --> 01:45:11,906
PURPOSES, TO DISCLOSE IF THE 

2594
01:45:11,906 --> 01:45:15,109
RESEARCH COULD RESULT IN A 

2595
01:45:15,109 --> 01:45:19,880
PATENT OR COMMERCIAL PRODUCT.

2596
01:45:19,880 --> 01:45:22,082
AND RECOGNIZING THE 

2597
01:45:22,082 --> 01:45:24,752
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE LACKS 

2598
01:45:24,752 --> 01:45:27,621
FAMILY FROM USING THESE HELA 

2599
01:45:27,621 --> 01:45:31,358
CELLS AND DEPOSIT FUTURE GENOME 

2600
01:45:31,358 --> 01:45:33,794
CELLS FROM THE HELA CELLS BACK 

2601
01:45:33,794 --> 01:45:34,562
INTO THE DATA BASE.

2602
01:45:34,562 --> 01:45:35,829
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

2603
01:45:35,829 --> 01:45:37,831
SO THIS IS THE CURRENT ROTHER OF

2604
01:45:37,831 --> 01:45:39,800
THE GILA WORKING GROUP WHOSE 

2605
01:45:39,800 --> 01:45:44,638
WORK IS COORDINATED BY THE 

2606
01:45:44,638 --> 01:45:46,840
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, CHERYL 

2607
01:45:46,840 --> 01:45:47,074
JACOBS.

2608
01:45:47,074 --> 01:45:49,343
AND WE ARE VERY, VERY GRATEFUL 

2609
01:45:49,343 --> 01:45:53,647
TO HAVE HENRIETTA LACKS' 

2610
01:45:53,647 --> 01:45:56,217
GRANDSON AND HER GRANDDAUGHTER 

2611
01:45:56,217 --> 01:45:58,586
AND HER GREAT GRANDDAUGHTER 

2612
01:45:58,586 --> 01:46:00,321
VERONICA ROBINSON WHO SERVED 

2613
01:46:00,321 --> 01:46:04,291
ALONGSIDE THE REST OF US ON THE 

2614
01:46:04,291 --> 01:46:05,226
WORKING GROUP.

2615
01:46:05,226 --> 01:46:08,429
SO AS A REMINDER, THIS IS THE 

2616
01:46:08,429 --> 01:46:11,699
CRITERIA THE WORKING GROUP WHEN 

2617
01:46:11,699 --> 01:46:14,602
EVALUATING AN ACCESS QUESTION.

2618
01:46:14,602 --> 01:46:20,374
THE HOLA DATA AGREEMENT ADVISED 

2619
01:46:20,374 --> 01:46:21,809
THE INVESTIGATOR TO ADDRESS 

2620
01:46:21,809 --> 01:46:22,576
THESE CRITERIA.

2621
01:46:22,576 --> 01:46:29,883
THE OBJECTIVE, DESIGN AND A

2622
01:46:29,883 --> 01:46:31,252
ANALYSIS AND AN EXPLANATION WHY 

2623
01:46:31,252 --> 01:46:32,920
IT IS AVAILABLE FOR THE PROPOSED

2624
01:46:32,920 --> 01:46:33,821
RESEARCH.

2625
01:46:33,821 --> 01:46:36,824
ANY PLANS FOR IP OR 

2626
01:46:36,824 --> 01:46:37,858
COMMERCIALIZATION AS YOU SEE 

2627
01:46:37,858 --> 01:46:38,892
HERE OR PRODUCT SERVICE IS NOT 

2628
01:46:38,892 --> 01:46:42,396
USED BY THE WORKING GROUP TO 

2629
01:46:42,396 --> 01:46:43,897
MAKE A FINAL EVALUATION.

2630
01:46:43,897 --> 01:46:46,634
THIS IS MORE FOR DISCLOSURE 

2631
01:46:46,634 --> 01:46:47,635
PURPOSES.

2632
01:46:47,635 --> 01:46:50,204
EVALUATION DOES NOT INCLUDE ANY 

2633
01:46:50,204 --> 01:46:53,207
EVALUATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC 

2634
01:46:53,207 --> 01:46:54,541
MERIT OF THE RESEARCH.

2635
01:46:54,541 --> 01:46:56,510
SO THIS SLIDE IS A QUICK 

2636
01:46:56,510 --> 01:46:57,711
SNAPSHOT OF THE STATISTICS OF 

2637
01:46:57,711 --> 01:46:59,179
THE REQUESTS THAT HAVE COME IN 

2638
01:46:59,179 --> 01:47:01,115
THAT HAVE BEEN EVALUATED BY THE 

2639
01:47:01,115 --> 01:47:03,918
WORKING GROUP AND APPROVED BY 

2640
01:47:03,918 --> 01:47:04,551
THE NIH DIRECTOR.

2641
01:47:04,551 --> 01:47:06,887
AND THERE ARE INSTANCES WHERE 

2642
01:47:06,887 --> 01:47:08,756
REQUESTS HAVE BEEN DISAPPROVED.

2643
01:47:08,756 --> 01:47:10,858
REQUESTS WILL BE DISAPPROVED IF 

2644
01:47:10,858 --> 01:47:13,761
THEY DON'T MEET THE EXPECTATIONS

2645
01:47:13,761 --> 01:47:22,970
DESCRIBED IN THE HELA DATA USER 

2646
01:47:22,970 --> 01:47:23,237
AGREEMENT.

2647
01:47:23,237 --> 01:47:25,239
WE WILL BE EVALUATING ONE 

2648
01:47:25,239 --> 01:47:26,440
REQUEST THAT CAME IN AND 

2649
01:47:26,440 --> 01:47:36,383
REPORTING THAT OUT HERE TO THE 

2650
01:47:36,383 --> 01:47:36,550
ACD.

2651
01:47:36,550 --> 01:47:39,119
SO THIS REQUEST IS FROM THE 

2652
01:47:39,119 --> 01:47:41,488
UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND IN 

2653
01:47:41,488 --> 01:47:43,023
AUSTRALIA AND AN EXAMPLE OF HOW 

2654
01:47:43,023 --> 01:47:47,261
INVESTIGATORS ARE UTILIZING THE 

2655
01:47:47,261 --> 01:47:50,331
HELA CELL DATA UTILIZED FROM THE

2656
01:47:50,331 --> 01:47:53,967
LACKS NIH AGREEMENT.

2657
01:47:53,967 --> 01:47:56,437
CONTAINS DATA THAT MOVE AROUND 

2658
01:47:56,437 --> 01:47:57,171
OR JUMP.

2659
01:47:57,171 --> 01:47:59,506
RESEARCH ON JUMPING GENES HAVE 

2660
01:47:59,506 --> 01:48:02,743
BEEN DONE USING HELA CELLS AND 

2661
01:48:02,743 --> 01:48:07,014
THE HELA CELL GENOME.

2662
01:48:07,014 --> 01:48:10,050
THE STUDY THAT USED THE HELA 

2663
01:48:10,050 --> 01:48:13,253
CELLS TO GENERATE HELA CELL 

2664
01:48:13,253 --> 01:48:15,723
WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCE DATA TO 

2665
01:48:15,723 --> 01:48:19,126
STUDY JUMPING GENE PREFERENCES.

2666
01:48:19,126 --> 01:48:20,894
THEY SUBMITTED THEIR HELA CELL 

2667
01:48:20,894 --> 01:48:23,497
DATA TO THE GENOME SEQUENCES 

2668
01:48:23,497 --> 01:48:25,265
STUDIES AS PART OF THE 

2669
01:48:25,265 --> 01:48:25,532
AGREEMENT.

2670
01:48:25,532 --> 01:48:27,401
THE INVESTIGATOR IN THIS CASE 

2671
01:48:27,401 --> 01:48:31,071
PROPOSES TO ACCESS THE GEE OHME 

2672
01:48:31,071 --> 01:48:33,340
CELLS STUDIES SO THEY MAY ACCESS

2673
01:48:33,340 --> 01:48:36,043
THE HELA CELL DATA SUBMITTED BY 

2674
01:48:36,043 --> 01:48:38,879
FLASH ET AL. REPORTED IN THE 

2675
01:48:38,879 --> 01:48:41,415
2019 STUDY TO SEE FI THAT COULD 

2676
01:48:41,415 --> 01:48:43,317
REPEAT OR REPLICATE THOSE 

2677
01:48:43,317 --> 01:48:43,617
RESEARCHERS.

2678
01:48:43,617 --> 01:48:46,453
THAT CAME IN TO THE WORKING 

2679
01:48:46,453 --> 01:48:46,653
GROUP.

2680
01:48:46,653 --> 01:48:50,491
WE USE A CRITERIA AS I 

2681
01:48:50,491 --> 01:48:52,493
ARTICULATED EARLIER AND THE 

2682
01:48:52,493 --> 01:48:53,927
WORKING GROUP FOUND THE REQUEST 

2683
01:48:53,927 --> 01:48:55,195
FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF 

2684
01:48:55,195 --> 01:48:57,865
QUEENSLAND TO BE CONSISTENT WITH

2685
01:48:57,865 --> 01:49:02,269
THE HELA DATA USE AGREEMENT.

2686
01:49:02,269 --> 01:49:04,938
AND SO NOW WE ARE GOING TO TURN 

2687
01:49:04,938 --> 01:49:07,241
IT OVER THE THE ACD FOR ANY 

2688
01:49:07,241 --> 01:49:07,674
FURTHER DISCUSSION.

2689
01:49:07,674 --> 01:49:10,177
>> OKAY.

2690
01:49:10,177 --> 01:49:13,113
THANK YOU VERY MUCH, GARTH.

2691
01:49:13,113 --> 01:49:16,917
I APPRECIATE THE VERY CLEAR 

2692
01:49:16,917 --> 01:49:17,251
PRESENTATION.

2693
01:49:17,251 --> 01:49:19,153
AND SO FIRST I WANT TO KNOW IF 

2694
01:49:19,153 --> 01:49:22,122
THERE ARE ANY COMMENTS FROM THE 

2695
01:49:22,122 --> 01:49:22,656
ACD?

2696
01:49:22,656 --> 01:49:25,826
DO YOU NEED CLARIFICATION ABOUT 

2697
01:49:25,826 --> 01:49:28,862
ANYTHING THAT GARTH PRESENTED 

2698
01:49:28,862 --> 01:49:34,301
THIS MORNING?

2699
01:49:34,301 --> 01:49:35,702
YES, PLEASE, ELIZABETH.

2700
01:49:35,702 --> 01:49:39,440
>> I HAVE A BIT OF A
SCIENTIFIC 

2701
01:49:39,440 --> 01:49:41,642
QUESTION SINCE IT IS NEW TO ME, 

2702
01:49:41,642 --> 01:49:44,411
THE HELA.

2703
01:49:44,411 --> 01:49:46,447
I KNOW THAT PEOPLE HAVE ALL 

2704
01:49:46,447 --> 01:49:49,016
SORTS OF HELA CELL LINES THAT 

2705
01:49:49,016 --> 01:49:52,786
HAVE DIVERTED FROM THE ORIGINAL 

2706
01:49:52,786 --> 01:49:52,953
ONE.

2707
01:49:52,953 --> 01:49:54,221
IS THERE ANY EFFORT OR INTEREST 

2708
01:49:54,221 --> 01:49:55,689
IN QUANTIFYING THIS?

2709
01:49:55,689 --> 01:49:57,991
I THINK HELA CELLS THAT ARE USED

2710
01:49:57,991 --> 01:50:04,164
BY DIFFERENT LABS TEND TO NOT BE

2711
01:50:04,164 --> 01:50:05,299
THE SAME.

2712
01:50:05,299 --> 01:50:07,801
IT WOULD BE GOOD TO TRY TO -- 

2713
01:50:07,801 --> 01:50:10,304
WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN PASSED A FEW

2714
01:50:10,304 --> 01:50:13,240
TIMES, CERTAINLY WHEN I WAS AN 

2715
01:50:13,240 --> 01:50:14,475
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR I GOT ONE 

2716
01:50:14,475 --> 01:50:16,944
FROM THE LAB NEXT DOOR AND STUFF

2717
01:50:16,944 --> 01:50:18,545
LIKE THAT AND WHEN PEOPLE 

2718
01:50:18,545 --> 01:50:20,047
SEQUENCE THEM THERE ARE 

2719
01:50:20,047 --> 01:50:21,148
INTERESTING JUMPS OR CHANGES IN 

2720
01:50:21,148 --> 01:50:23,050
THEM.

2721
01:50:23,050 --> 01:50:24,885
IS THIS PART OF THE EFFORT?

2722
01:50:24,885 --> 01:50:26,053
AGAIN, I'M NOT VERY FAMILIAR 

2723
01:50:26,053 --> 01:50:28,355
WITH IT, TO TRY TO SEE HOW MUCH 

2724
01:50:28,355 --> 01:50:30,958
THESE CELLS HAVE DIVERGED OVER 

2725
01:50:30,958 --> 01:50:33,360
TIME AND WHAT THAT MEANS FOR 

2726
01:50:33,360 --> 01:50:34,194
SCIENTIFIC REASONS?

2727
01:50:34,194 --> 01:50:36,797
>> THANK YOU FOR THE
QUESTION.

2728
01:50:36,797 --> 01:50:37,998
LYRIC, WOULD YOU LIKE TO -- 

2729
01:50:37,998 --> 01:50:38,832
>> SURE.

2730
01:50:38,832 --> 01:50:39,700
I'M HAPPY TO.

2731
01:50:39,700 --> 01:50:41,101
THAT IS A BIT OUTSIDE OF THE 

2732
01:50:41,101 --> 01:50:43,137
SCOPE OF THE HELA WORKING GROUP.

2733
01:50:43,137 --> 01:50:45,439
FROM THE NIH PERSPECTIVE, THIS 

2734
01:50:45,439 --> 01:50:48,442
IS SOMETHING WE CERTAINLY KEEP 

2735
01:50:48,442 --> 01:50:49,276
TABS ON.

2736
01:50:49,276 --> 01:50:50,344
I CAN'T REMEMBER HOW MANY WE 

2737
01:50:50,344 --> 01:50:52,412
HAVE REGISTERED WITH US, BUT WE 

2738
01:50:52,412 --> 01:50:54,848
DO HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING OF 

2739
01:50:54,848 --> 01:50:56,783
THOSE DIFFERENT VARIATIONS TO 

2740
01:50:56,783 --> 01:50:59,119
YOUR POINT OVER TIME THE 

2741
01:50:59,119 --> 01:51:01,255
PASSAGING HAS CHANGED SOME OF 

2742
01:51:01,255 --> 01:51:02,022
THE SEQUENCING.

2743
01:51:02,022 --> 01:51:03,123
WE CAN SHARE THAT INFORMATION 

2744
01:51:03,123 --> 01:51:05,993
WITH YOU AS FOLLOW-UP.

2745
01:51:05,993 --> 01:51:07,861
YES, PEOPLE ARE DEFINITELY 

2746
01:51:07,861 --> 01:51:08,629
STUDYING IT.

2747
01:51:08,629 --> 01:51:10,731
>> ANY ADDITIONAL
CLARIFICATIONS

2748
01:51:10,731 --> 01:51:13,367
THAT ARE REQUIRED BY ANYBODY?

2749
01:51:13,367 --> 01:51:15,202
OKAY.

2750
01:51:15,202 --> 01:51:16,403
SO I DON'T SEE ANY.

2751
01:51:16,403 --> 01:51:23,477
AND SO WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO DO 

2752
01:51:23,477 --> 01:51:29,616
NOW IS TO ASK THE MEMBERS FOR A 

2753
01:51:29,616 --> 01:51:30,984
MOTION TO PROCEED.

2754
01:51:30,984 --> 01:51:36,523
>> I MOVE TO PROCEED.

2755
01:51:36,523 --> 01:51:37,391
>> THANK YOU.

2756
01:51:37,391 --> 01:51:39,059
IS THERE ANY SECOND?

2757
01:51:39,059 --> 01:51:40,093
>> I'LL SECOND.

2758
01:51:40,093 --> 01:51:43,931
>> THANK YOU.

2759
01:51:43,931 --> 01:51:44,498
IS THERE FURTHER DISCUSSION 

2760
01:51:44,498 --> 01:51:49,636
REQUIRED?

2761
01:51:49,636 --> 01:51:50,737
ALL RIGHT.

2762
01:51:50,737 --> 01:51:53,974
WE'LL DO THIS BY VOICE VOTE.

2763
01:51:53,974 --> 01:51:56,610
ALL THOSE IN FAVOR OF ACCEPTING 

2764
01:51:56,610 --> 01:51:59,880
THE RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE 

2765
01:51:59,880 --> 01:52:01,248
COMMITTEE SAY AYE.

2766
01:52:01,248 --> 01:52:05,686
[ CHORUS OF AYES ]

2767
01:52:05,686 --> 01:52:09,423
>> ANY OPPOSED SAY NAY.

2768
01:52:09,423 --> 01:52:13,360
ANY ABSTENTIONS, PLEASE.

2769
01:52:13,360 --> 01:52:13,860
ALL RIGHT.

2770
01:52:13,860 --> 01:52:14,127
THANK YOU.

2771
01:52:14,127 --> 01:52:17,164
THE AYES HAVE IT.

2772
01:52:17,164 --> 01:52:20,067
AND THIS WILL BE TAKEN UNDER 

2773
01:52:20,067 --> 01:52:23,370
ADVISEMENT BY THE NIH DIRECTOR.

2774
01:52:23,370 --> 01:52:25,606
LYRIC, TURNING IT TO YOU.

2775
01:52:25,606 --> 01:52:26,873
>> YES.

2776
01:52:26,873 --> 01:52:29,009
THERE ARE NEWER MEMBERS OF THE 

2777
01:52:29,009 --> 01:52:30,477
ACD, THE WORKING GROUP THE NIH 

2778
01:52:30,477 --> 01:52:32,512
HAS CREATED A DEDICATED WEBSITE 

2779
01:52:32,512 --> 01:52:34,581
TO PUBLICATIONS FOR HELA CELLS 

2780
01:52:34,581 --> 01:52:36,249
AND SOME OF THE ADVANCES MADE 

2781
01:52:36,249 --> 01:52:37,851
FROM HELA CELLS.

2782
01:52:37,851 --> 01:52:39,186
I WILL SHARE THAT.

2783
01:52:39,186 --> 01:52:41,254
I WANT TO MAKE SURE NEWER 

2784
01:52:41,254 --> 01:52:44,091
MEMBERS RECOGNIZE THAT IS A 

2785
01:52:44,091 --> 01:52:45,425
COMPILATION BASED ON 

2786
01:52:45,425 --> 01:52:46,326
RECOMMENDATIONS YOU ALL HAVE 

2787
01:52:46,326 --> 01:52:47,694
MADE TO THE AGENCY.

2788
01:52:47,694 --> 01:52:48,061
>> THANK YOU.

2789
01:52:48,061 --> 01:52:49,630
THANK YOU TO THE COMMITTEE FOR 

2790
01:52:49,630 --> 01:52:51,765
ITS GREAT WORK AND FOR THE 

2791
01:52:51,765 --> 01:52:53,634
MEMBERS OF THE ACD.

2792
01:52:53,634 --> 01:52:56,236
AND BECAUSE OF YOUR EFFICIENCY, 

2793
01:52:56,236 --> 01:52:57,671
YOU WILL GET ADDITIONAL BREAK 

2794
01:52:57,671 --> 01:52:59,573
TIME NOW.

2795
01:52:59,573 --> 01:53:02,809
AND SO WE ARE GOING TO RECONVENE

2796
01:53:02,809 --> 01:53:05,045
AT 11:15.

2797
01:53:05,045 --> 01:53:09,249
SEE YOU ALL BACK AT 11:15. THANK
YOU.

2798
01:53:09,249 --> 01:53:11,551
NOW WE ARE MOVING ON WITH THE 

2799
01:53:11,551 --> 01:53:14,421
REST OF OUR SESSION TODAY AND WE

2800
01:53:14,421 --> 01:53:18,025
HAVE AN UPDATE FROM THE 

2801
01:53:18,025 --> 01:53:19,393
ACCELERATING MEDICINES 

2802
01:53:19,393 --> 01:53:21,561
PARTNERSHIP WITH THE FOUNDATION 

2803
01:53:21,561 --> 01:53:26,366
OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF 

2804
01:53:26,366 --> 01:53:34,875
HEALTH, JULIE GERBERDING, CHIEF 

2805
01:53:34,875 --> 01:53:36,276
EXECUTIVE OFFICER IS HERE.

2806
01:53:36,276 --> 01:53:37,177
>> THANK YOU.

2807
01:53:37,177 --> 01:53:39,079
I KNOW HOW IMPORTANT AN ADVISORY

2808
01:53:39,079 --> 01:53:40,414
COMMITTEE TO THE DIRECTOR CAN BE

2809
01:53:40,414 --> 01:53:41,715
SO I APPRECIATE THE SERVICE OF 

2810
01:53:41,715 --> 01:53:44,851
PEOPLE WHO ARE WORKING HARD TO 

2811
01:53:44,851 --> 01:53:46,253
SUPPORT THE NIH.

2812
01:53:46,253 --> 01:53:48,321
I KNOW NOT EVERYONE KNOWS WHAT 

2813
01:53:48,321 --> 01:53:50,323
THE FOUNDATION IS OR DOES, SO 

2814
01:53:50,323 --> 01:53:52,559
I'M QUICKLY GOING TO GIVE YOU AN

2815
01:53:52,559 --> 01:53:52,893
INTRODUCTION.

2816
01:53:52,893 --> 01:53:55,996
THE FOUNDATION WAS CREATED BY 

2817
01:53:55,996 --> 01:53:57,931
CONGRESS IN 1990 AND CAME INTO 

2818
01:53:57,931 --> 01:53:59,866
EXISTENCE ABOUT SIX YEARS LATER.

2819
01:53:59,866 --> 01:54:01,601
SO WE'VE BEEN OPERATING TO 

2820
01:54:01,601 --> 01:54:03,103
SUPPORT THE MISSION OF THE NIH 

2821
01:54:03,103 --> 01:54:05,272
FOR ALMOST 30 YEARS.

2822
01:54:05,272 --> 01:54:07,607
IN THAT TIME, THE FOUNDATION HAS

2823
01:54:07,607 --> 01:54:10,343
GROWN FROM BEING I THINK AN 

2824
01:54:10,343 --> 01:54:12,479
ORGANIZATION THAT MAINLY 

2825
01:54:12,479 --> 01:54:14,114
PROVIDED LUNCH FOR NIH MEETINGS 

2826
01:54:14,114 --> 01:54:16,583
TO ONE THAT HAS TAKEN AN 

2827
01:54:16,583 --> 01:54:18,218
INCREASINGLY LARGE ROLE IN THE 

2828
01:54:18,218 --> 01:54:20,020
SCIENTIFIC AGENDA, PARTICULARLY 

2829
01:54:20,020 --> 01:54:23,757
IN THE TEAM SCIENCE ARENA.

2830
01:54:23,757 --> 01:54:26,693
I'VE BEEN LEADING THE FNIH FOR 

2831
01:54:26,693 --> 01:54:28,562
JUST MORE THAN TWO YEARS, BUT IT

2832
01:54:28,562 --> 01:54:31,364
IS THE MOST JOYFUL JOB I HAVE 

2833
01:54:31,364 --> 01:54:33,233
EVER HAD IN MY LIFE BECAUSE I'M 

2834
01:54:33,233 --> 01:54:35,836
RIGHT UP CLOSE AND FRONT TO THE 

2835
01:54:35,836 --> 01:54:37,838
INCREASE SCIENCE GOING ON AT THE

2836
01:54:37,838 --> 01:54:38,138
NIH.

2837
01:54:38,138 --> 01:54:40,507
NOT ONLY AT NIH, BUT LIFE 

2838
01:54:40,507 --> 01:54:41,608
SCIENCE COMPANIES AND ACADEMIA.

2839
01:54:41,608 --> 01:54:44,277
IT IS AN AMAZING PRIVILEGE TO BE

2840
01:54:44,277 --> 01:54:47,347
PART OF THIS ORGANIZATION.

2841
01:54:47,347 --> 01:54:49,349
I'M GOING TO TRY TO JUST COVER 

2842
01:54:49,349 --> 01:54:51,384
THREE THINGS TODAY, THREE 

2843
01:54:51,384 --> 01:54:52,319
TAKEAWAY MESSAGES.

2844
01:54:52,319 --> 01:54:56,089
FIRST OF ALL, COLLABORATIVE TEAM

2845
01:54:56,089 --> 01:54:59,526
SCIENCE EXEMPLIFIED IN THE 

2846
01:54:59,526 --> 01:55:00,527
ACCELERATED MEDICINE 

2847
01:55:00,527 --> 01:55:01,361
PARTNERSHIPS WE ARE GOING TO 

2848
01:55:01,361 --> 01:55:03,930
FOCUS ON IS ALIVE AND WELL AND 

2849
01:55:03,930 --> 01:55:05,532
INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT TO OUR 

2850
01:55:05,532 --> 01:55:08,001
ABILITY TO BRING 

2851
01:55:08,001 --> 01:55:09,136
MULTISTAKEHOLDERS TOGETHER TO 

2852
01:55:09,136 --> 01:55:11,471
SOLVE REALLY COMPLEX MEDICAL 

2853
01:55:11,471 --> 01:55:11,738
PROBLEMS.

2854
01:55:11,738 --> 01:55:14,608
THE SECOND POINT IS THAT I 

2855
01:55:14,608 --> 01:55:19,379
BELIEVE AND I THINK THIS IS WELL

2856
01:55:19,379 --> 01:55:20,947
SUBSTANTIATED, BUT TEAM SCIENCE 

2857
01:55:20,947 --> 01:55:22,182
IS GOING TO BECOME MORE 

2858
01:55:22,182 --> 01:55:23,917
IMPORTANT AS WE GO FORWARD 

2859
01:55:23,917 --> 01:55:26,319
PARTICULARLY IN THIS ERA WHERE 

2860
01:55:26,319 --> 01:55:28,155
EVERYBODY IS EXPERIENCING 

2861
01:55:28,155 --> 01:55:30,290
CONSTRAINED RESOURCES, NOT JUST 

2862
01:55:30,290 --> 01:55:32,359
GOVERNMENT, BUT ACADEMIA, THE 

2863
01:55:32,359 --> 01:55:36,029
INDUSTRY, PATIENT ORGANIZATIONS,

2864
01:55:36,029 --> 01:55:38,732
AND ALL OF THIS CONFLUENCE MEANS

2865
01:55:38,732 --> 01:55:40,033
THE MORE WE CAN COLLABORATE AND 

2866
01:55:40,033 --> 01:55:41,368
WORK TOGETHER THE MORE WE CAN 

2867
01:55:41,368 --> 01:55:43,303
GET DONE AND I THINK THE BETTER 

2868
01:55:43,303 --> 01:55:45,806
WE CAN GET IT DONE FOR FINITE 

2869
01:55:45,806 --> 01:55:47,741
RESOURCES FOR SPECIFIC KINDS OF 

2870
01:55:47,741 --> 01:55:48,008
PROBLEMS.

2871
01:55:48,008 --> 01:55:52,412
AND THEN LASTLY, I THINK FNIH IS

2872
01:55:52,412 --> 01:55:55,282
AN IMPORTANT PARTNER OF NIH.

2873
01:55:55,282 --> 01:55:56,716
OBVIOUSLY, WE ARE VERY SMALL 

2874
01:55:56,716 --> 01:55:58,051
COMPARED TO THE SCOPE AND SCALE 

2875
01:55:58,051 --> 01:56:00,487
OF NIH, BUT WE HAVE SOME 

2876
01:56:00,487 --> 01:56:02,289
STRATEGIC LEVERAGE AND I THINK 

2877
01:56:02,289 --> 01:56:04,424
THAT LEVERAGE REALLY IS A GOOD 

2878
01:56:04,424 --> 01:56:06,660
VALUE FOR NIH AND OUR PARTNERS, 

2879
01:56:06,660 --> 01:56:08,929
BUT I ALSO THINK IT IS A GREAT 

2880
01:56:08,929 --> 01:56:11,364
VALUE FOR OUR TAXPAYERS WHO ARE 

2881
01:56:11,364 --> 01:56:12,732
ULTIMATELY PAYING OUR BILL.

2882
01:56:12,732 --> 01:56:14,768
CAN I HAVE THE FIRST SLIDE, 

2883
01:56:14,768 --> 01:56:16,636
PLEASE, JUST TO REMIND PEOPLE 

2884
01:56:16,636 --> 01:56:19,439
HOW THIS ALL FITS TOGETHER.

2885
01:56:19,439 --> 01:56:22,476
YOU ALL KNOW THAT NIH HAS A 

2886
01:56:22,476 --> 01:56:25,278
MISSION OF TURNING DISCOVERY 

2887
01:56:25,278 --> 01:56:25,946
INTO HEALTH.

2888
01:56:25,946 --> 01:56:28,014
I'M NOT SEEING MY SLIDES SO I'M 

2889
01:56:28,014 --> 01:56:28,582
NOT SURE.

2890
01:56:28,582 --> 01:56:29,516
ARE THEY UP, LARRY?

2891
01:56:29,516 --> 01:56:32,452
>> YES, THEY ARE.

2892
01:56:32,452 --> 01:56:34,621
>> ON THE NEXT SLIDE
FADING INTO

2893
01:56:34,621 --> 01:56:37,891
HOW THE FNIH FITS INTO THAT.

2894
01:56:37,891 --> 01:56:39,426
WE AIM TO BE THE BRIDGE.

2895
01:56:39,426 --> 01:56:40,894
THAT IS WHY CONGRESS AUTHORIZED 

2896
01:56:40,894 --> 01:56:42,495
US TO BRIDGE BETWEEN THE 

2897
01:56:42,495 --> 01:56:43,430
GOVERNMENT WORK AND THE WORK 

2898
01:56:43,430 --> 01:56:45,532
THAT THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND 

2899
01:56:45,532 --> 01:56:46,900
OTHER PARTNERS CAN BRING TO THE 

2900
01:56:46,900 --> 01:56:47,968
TABLE.

2901
01:56:47,968 --> 01:56:49,603
SO TRYING TO BUILD THESE BRIDGES

2902
01:56:49,603 --> 01:56:52,339
TO BREAK THROUGHS IN STRATEGIC 

2903
01:56:52,339 --> 01:56:54,074
AREAS WHERE THEY CAN MAKE THE 

2904
01:56:54,074 --> 01:56:55,508
MOST DIFFERENCES, REALLY, HOW WE

2905
01:56:55,508 --> 01:56:56,643
THINK ABOUT OUR WORK.

2906
01:56:56,643 --> 01:56:58,945
ON THE NEXT SLIDE I FRAME THAT 

2907
01:56:58,945 --> 01:57:01,514
AS OUR ASPIRATION WHICH IS IN 

2908
01:57:01,514 --> 01:57:05,619
CERTAIN CRITICAL AREAS TO REALLY

2909
01:57:05,619 --> 01:57:08,255
HELP AMPLIFY AND ACCELERATE THE 

2910
01:57:08,255 --> 01:57:10,757
IMPACT OF NIH AND ITS 

2911
01:57:10,757 --> 01:57:11,224
COLLABORATION.

2912
01:57:11,224 --> 01:57:13,159
WE DO THIS THROUGH THREE MAIN 

2913
01:57:13,159 --> 01:57:13,460
ACTIVITIES.

2914
01:57:13,460 --> 01:57:15,262
ONE IS TEAM SCIENCE, WHICH I'M 

2915
01:57:15,262 --> 01:57:17,530
GOING TO BE FOCUSING ON MOSTLY 

2916
01:57:17,530 --> 01:57:19,366
IN THIS CONVERSATION.

2917
01:57:19,366 --> 01:57:23,470
BUT WE ALSO HAVE A SIGNIFICANT 

2918
01:57:23,470 --> 01:57:25,305
PORTFOLIO FOR SUPPORT FOR 

2919
01:57:25,305 --> 01:57:26,273
SCIENTISTS AND MORE RECENTLY 

2920
01:57:26,273 --> 01:57:27,974
RECOGNIZING WE HAVE A VITAL ROLE

2921
01:57:27,974 --> 01:57:30,543
TO PLAY IN HELPING TO REEARN 

2922
01:57:30,543 --> 01:57:31,378
TRUST IN SCIENCE.

2923
01:57:31,378 --> 01:57:34,114
SO LET ME START WITH THE TEAM 

2924
01:57:34,114 --> 01:57:37,550
SCIENCE FRAMEWORK IN HOW WE 

2925
01:57:37,550 --> 01:57:38,752
DECIDE TOGETHER WHEN IT MAKES 

2926
01:57:38,752 --> 01:57:43,023
SENSE TO HAVE A PARTNER OR A 

2927
01:57:43,023 --> 01:57:45,458
PARTNERSHIP SCIENCE, 

2928
01:57:45,458 --> 01:57:46,092
PRIVATE-PUBLIC-PATIENT 

2929
01:57:46,092 --> 01:57:47,961
PARTNERSHIP VERSUS THE MORE 

2930
01:57:47,961 --> 01:57:49,996
TRADITIONAL KIND OF VERTICAL 

2931
01:57:49,996 --> 01:57:53,900
MODEL OF RESEARCH SUPPORT.

2932
01:57:53,900 --> 01:57:55,001
THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR 

2933
01:57:55,001 --> 01:57:56,770
OVERALL IS THERE A SIGNIFICANT 

2934
01:57:56,770 --> 01:57:59,506
UNMET MEDICAL NEED IN NIH'S 

2935
01:57:59,506 --> 01:58:01,107
WHEELHOUSE, BUT ALSO AN AREA 

2936
01:58:01,107 --> 01:58:04,744
THAT IS UNIQUELY SUITED TO 

2937
01:58:04,744 --> 01:58:05,979
PRIVATE-PUBLIC-PATIENT 

2938
01:58:05,979 --> 01:58:06,413
PARTNERSHIPS.

2939
01:58:06,413 --> 01:58:10,283
AN AREA WHERE NIH CAN'T DO IT 

2940
01:58:10,283 --> 01:58:12,319
ALONE, ACADEMIA CAN'T DO IT 

2941
01:58:12,319 --> 01:58:14,154
ALONE, INDUSTRY CAN'T DO IT 

2942
01:58:14,154 --> 01:58:14,354
ALONE.

2943
01:58:14,354 --> 01:58:16,856
IT TAKES THE COMBINATION OF THE 

2944
01:58:16,856 --> 01:58:18,758
WISDOM AND CAPABILITIES, BUT 

2945
01:58:18,758 --> 01:58:20,493
ALSO THE SCALE AND REACH.

2946
01:58:20,493 --> 01:58:21,761
SOMETIMES THAT IS PARTICULARLY 

2947
01:58:21,761 --> 01:58:23,496
OBVIOUS IN TERMS OF POOLING DATA

2948
01:58:23,496 --> 01:58:25,231
SO THAT WE HAVE ENOUGH 

2949
01:58:25,231 --> 01:58:27,634
STATISTICAL POWER TO DROP 

2950
01:58:27,634 --> 01:58:33,940
INCLUSIONS OR PURSUE HYPOTHESIS.

2951
01:58:33,940 --> 01:58:36,509
OTHERS IS SKILL SET AND CROSS 

2952
01:58:36,509 --> 01:58:37,610
FERTILIZATION OF PEOPLE WITH 

2953
01:58:37,610 --> 01:58:39,312
DIFFERENT SCIENTIFIC 

2954
01:58:39,312 --> 01:58:39,646
CAPABILITIES.

2955
01:58:39,646 --> 01:58:42,382
I THINK YOU GET THE PICTURE.

2956
01:58:42,382 --> 01:58:44,084
WE FOR PRACTICAL REASONS HAVE TO

2957
01:58:44,084 --> 01:58:45,685
MAKE SURE THIS MAKES SENSE TO 

2958
01:58:45,685 --> 01:58:47,487
ALL THE INVOLVED PARTNERS.

2959
01:58:47,487 --> 01:58:50,490
THAT IT IS SOMETHING PEOPLE CARE

2960
01:58:50,490 --> 01:58:50,857
ABOUT.

2961
01:58:50,857 --> 01:58:53,927
THAT THERE ACTUALLY IS A VALUE 

2962
01:58:53,927 --> 01:58:55,261
CREATED THROUGH THIS APPROACH 

2963
01:58:55,261 --> 01:58:58,365
THAT IS PRECOMPETITIVE NOT 

2964
01:58:58,365 --> 01:58:59,799
ANTI-COMPETITIVE FROM THE 

2965
01:58:59,799 --> 01:59:04,204
PRIVATE SECTOR STANDPOINT.

2966
01:59:04,204 --> 01:59:05,905
WE HAVE BEEN BRAVE ENOUGH TO SAY

2967
01:59:05,905 --> 01:59:13,313
WE ARE PROCOMPETITIVE.

2968
01:59:13,313 --> 01:59:15,615
CREATES LONGITUDINAL DATA SETS 

2969
01:59:15,615 --> 01:59:26,192
GENERATES  HYPOTHESIS AND 

2970
01:59:26,526 --> 01:59:27,227
STIMULATE DEVELOPMENT.

2971
01:59:27,227 --> 01:59:30,830
WE RECOGNIZE LEVERAGE IS 

2972
01:59:30,830 --> 01:59:33,533
IMPORTANT AND IN THE NEXT COUPLE

2973
01:59:33,533 --> 01:59:36,403
OF SLIDES YOU'LL SEE HOW WE 

2974
01:59:36,403 --> 01:59:37,604
LEVERAGE THE NIH INVESTMENT FROM

2975
01:59:37,604 --> 01:59:42,675
A VARIETY OF OTHER SOURCES SO WE

2976
01:59:42,675 --> 01:59:45,412
CREATE A POOL.

2977
01:59:45,412 --> 01:59:47,514
TO GIVE YOU A SENSE OF HOW THE 

2978
01:59:47,514 --> 01:59:49,983
MONEY FLOWS WHEN WE CREATE ONE 

2979
01:59:49,983 --> 01:59:52,986
OF THESE PARTNERSHIPS, I PUT 

2980
01:59:52,986 --> 01:59:56,523
FNIH IN THE MIDDLE OF THIS, THE 

2981
01:59:56,523 --> 01:59:57,991
FNIH CONTRIBUTION IS USUALLY 

2982
01:59:57,991 --> 01:59:59,893
SMALL WITH RESPECT TO EVERYONE 

2983
01:59:59,893 --> 02:00:02,295
ELSE'S CONTRIBUTIONS, BUT WE DO 

2984
02:00:02,295 --> 02:00:03,630
RAISE MONEY FROM LIFE SCIENCE 

2985
02:00:03,630 --> 02:00:06,099
COMPANIES, FROM LARGE AND SMALL 

2986
02:00:06,099 --> 02:00:08,068
FOUNDATIONS AND PATIENT 

2987
02:00:08,068 --> 02:00:11,638
ORGANIZATIONS AND INCREASINGLY 

2988
02:00:11,638 --> 02:00:18,344
FROM PHILANTHROPISTES WHICH IS A

2989
02:00:18,344 --> 02:00:19,479
NEW DEVELOPMENT FOR US.

2990
02:00:19,479 --> 02:00:24,284
NIH APPROVES OUR MAJOR PROJECTS 

2991
02:00:24,284 --> 02:00:29,222
AS DOES THE FNIH BOARD OF 

2992
02:00:29,222 --> 02:00:29,522
DIRECTORS.

2993
02:00:29,522 --> 02:00:30,890
WHEN NIH IS PUTTING MONEY OUT 

2994
02:00:30,890 --> 02:00:35,795
FOR ONE OF OUR COLLABORATIVE 

2995
02:00:35,795 --> 02:00:38,098
PROJECTS, THEY DO IT USING THE 

2996
02:00:38,098 --> 02:00:41,801
USUAL PEER REVIEW PROCESSES, 

2997
02:00:41,801 --> 02:00:43,670
SUBJECT TO THE USUAL REGULATIONS

2998
02:00:43,670 --> 02:00:46,106
AND QUALITY ASSURANCES THAT 

2999
02:00:46,106 --> 02:00:46,940
PROVIDES.

3000
02:00:46,940 --> 02:00:49,175
FNIH FUNDS ASPECTS OF THESE 

3001
02:00:49,175 --> 02:00:50,910
PROJECTS AND WE MAKE OUR OWN 

3002
02:00:50,910 --> 02:00:53,046
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS DIRECTLY.

3003
02:00:53,046 --> 02:00:55,014
OUR MAJOR ROLE IS TO DESIGN 

3004
02:00:55,014 --> 02:00:57,550
THESE KIND OF COLLABORATIVE 

3005
02:00:57,550 --> 02:00:59,953
FRAMEWORKS AND TO CONVENE AND 

3006
02:00:59,953 --> 02:01:02,989
MANAGE THE OPERATIONAL 

3007
02:01:02,989 --> 02:01:03,256
EXECUTION.

3008
02:01:03,256 --> 02:01:05,291
BUT THE GOVERNANCE OF THESE 

3009
02:01:05,291 --> 02:01:07,327
EFFORTS IS SHARED.

3010
02:01:07,327 --> 02:01:12,565
NIH HAS A LARGE ROLE IN ENSURING

3011
02:01:12,565 --> 02:01:14,968
THE SCIENTIFIC QUALITY AS DO OUR

3012
02:01:14,968 --> 02:01:16,569
ACADEMIC AND ORR RESEARCH 

3013
02:01:16,569 --> 02:01:18,671
PARTNERS PARTICULARLY AT THE 

3014
02:01:18,671 --> 02:01:20,006
PROJECT LEVEL WHERE THE 

3015
02:01:20,006 --> 02:01:22,675
GOVERNANCE IS LED BY SCIENTIFIC 

3016
02:01:22,675 --> 02:01:23,810
EXPERTS IN A SPECIFIC FIELD.

3017
02:01:23,810 --> 02:01:25,278
THE NEXT SLIDE IS PRESENTED OVER

3018
02:01:25,278 --> 02:01:27,614
A FIVE-YEAR TIME FRAMEWORK WHICH

3019
02:01:27,614 --> 02:01:29,849
IS THE MOST RELEVANT TIME FOR 

3020
02:01:29,849 --> 02:01:31,151
THE DISCUSSION AND THE SCALE AND

3021
02:01:31,151 --> 02:01:34,621
SCOPE OF THE FNIH IN ITS CURRENT

3022
02:01:34,621 --> 02:01:34,888
ITERATION.

3023
02:01:34,888 --> 02:01:37,724
THIS SHOWS YOU WHERE THE MONEY 

3024
02:01:37,724 --> 02:01:39,559
COMES FROM OVER THAT FIVE-YEAR 

3025
02:01:39,559 --> 02:01:41,928
PERIOD OF TIME.

3026
02:01:41,928 --> 02:01:43,363
$22 MILLION CAME FROM THE NIH.

3027
02:01:43,363 --> 02:01:45,532
WE ARE AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS TO

3028
02:01:45,532 --> 02:01:48,468
RECEIVE AN ANNUAL TRANSFER OF 

3029
02:01:48,468 --> 02:01:50,603
RESOURCES, BUT WE ALSO AS WE DID

3030
02:01:50,603 --> 02:01:52,705
WITH SOME OF THE COVID WORK, 

3031
02:01:52,705 --> 02:01:54,774
RECEIVED A DIRECT TRANSFER OF 

3032
02:01:54,774 --> 02:01:57,076
MONEY FROM NIH TO ACCELERATE OUR

3033
02:01:57,076 --> 02:01:59,445
ABILITY TO EXECUTE THE PORTFOLIO

3034
02:01:59,445 --> 02:02:01,548
OF COVID STUDIES.

3035
02:02:01,548 --> 02:02:05,518
AND NIH ALSO HAS SOME IMPORTANT 

3036
02:02:05,518 --> 02:02:07,387
IN-KIND SUPPORT FOR OUR IT 

3037
02:02:07,387 --> 02:02:09,556
SYSTEM SO ALL OF OUR DATA 

3038
02:02:09,556 --> 02:02:12,158
SYSTEMS ARE CONCORDANT AND 

3039
02:02:12,158 --> 02:02:14,227
COMPLIANT WITH DATA PRIVACY, ET 

3040
02:02:14,227 --> 02:02:15,695
CETERA, THAT NIH REQUIRES.

3041
02:02:15,695 --> 02:02:17,297
THE REST OF OUR RESOURCES ARE 

3042
02:02:17,297 --> 02:02:19,132
RAISED FROM OTHER SOURCES AND AS

3043
02:02:19,132 --> 02:02:22,368
YOU CAN SEE THE NIH IS REALLY A 

3044
02:02:22,368 --> 02:02:24,437
MINORITY OF OUR INPUT.

3045
02:02:24,437 --> 02:02:26,472
WE RAISE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF

3046
02:02:26,472 --> 02:02:28,374
MONEY FROM LIFE SCIENCE 

3047
02:02:28,374 --> 02:02:30,043
COMPANIES AND OTHER CORPORATE 

3048
02:02:30,043 --> 02:02:32,245
ENTITIES, BUT ALSO A FAIR AMOUNT

3049
02:02:32,245 --> 02:02:33,079
FROM FOUNDATIONS.

3050
02:02:33,079 --> 02:02:34,180
THAT FOUNDATION SUMMIT IS 

3051
02:02:34,180 --> 02:02:39,719
ANOTHER AREA THAT IS INCREASING 

3052
02:02:39,719 --> 02:02:43,089
AS OUR INVESTMENT IN 

3053
02:02:43,089 --> 02:02:43,656
PHILANTHROPIC INTERESTS.

3054
02:02:43,656 --> 02:02:45,425
WHERE DOES THE MONEY GO?

3055
02:02:45,425 --> 02:02:47,594
THE VAST MAJORITY OF OUR 

3056
02:02:47,594 --> 02:02:50,029
RESOURCES TO GO FOR DIRECT 

3057
02:02:50,029 --> 02:02:51,297
RESEARCH SUPPORT.

3058
02:02:51,297 --> 02:02:54,367
WE HAVE A NUMBER OF SCIENTISTS 

3059
02:02:54,367 --> 02:02:58,605
INSIDE OF FNIH, A GROWING 

3060
02:02:58,605 --> 02:03:00,740
NUMBER, WE HAVE DOUBLED IN SIZE 

3061
02:03:00,740 --> 02:03:03,376
IN THE TWO YEARS I HAVE BEEN 

3062
02:03:03,376 --> 02:03:06,713
WITH THE FOUNDATION AND THE VAST

3063
02:03:06,713 --> 02:03:10,350
MAJORITY ARE SCIENTIFIC PH.D. 

3064
02:03:10,350 --> 02:03:11,184
TYPES.

3065
02:03:11,184 --> 02:03:12,719
OUR CHARITY NAVIGATOR RATING 

3066
02:03:12,719 --> 02:03:14,120
REMAINS VERY HIGH.

3067
02:03:14,120 --> 02:03:16,856
WE ARE AN EFFICIENT 

3068
02:03:16,856 --> 02:03:17,190
ORGANIZATION.

3069
02:03:17,190 --> 02:03:18,691
SO GETTING BACK TO THE 

3070
02:03:18,691 --> 02:03:20,593
ACCELERATED MEDICINES 

3071
02:03:20,593 --> 02:03:23,029
PARTNERSHIPS AND OUR 

3072
02:03:23,029 --> 02:03:25,231
OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERVENTION 

3073
02:03:25,231 --> 02:03:27,433
ALONG CONTINUUM OF THE 

3074
02:03:27,433 --> 02:03:30,003
BIOMEDICAL PIPELINE, WHICH I PUT

3075
02:03:30,003 --> 02:03:31,371
IN CARTOON FORM HERE.

3076
02:03:31,371 --> 02:03:33,573
WE HAVE ACTIVITIES BASICALLY IN 

3077
02:03:33,573 --> 02:03:36,809
EVERY PHASE OF THIS THAT INVOLVE

3078
02:03:36,809 --> 02:03:37,944
PARTNERSHIP OR SUPPORT FOR 

3079
02:03:37,944 --> 02:03:40,947
SPECIFIC SCIENTIST, BUT A MAJOR 

3080
02:03:40,947 --> 02:03:44,884
CONTRIBUTION IS IN THE AREA OF 

3081
02:03:44,884 --> 02:03:47,854
TARGET IDENTIFICATION.

3082
02:03:47,854 --> 02:03:51,124
BY TARGET AREAS WHERE WE ARE 

3083
02:03:51,124 --> 02:03:53,126
IDENTIFYING IN OPPORTUNITIES FOR

3084
02:03:53,126 --> 02:03:54,227
DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC 

3085
02:03:54,227 --> 02:03:54,527
DEVELOPMENT.

3086
02:03:54,527 --> 02:03:56,362
ON THE NEXT SLIDE, YOU CAN SEE 

3087
02:03:56,362 --> 02:03:58,531
THE PROGRAM CALLED THE 

3088
02:03:58,531 --> 02:04:00,933
ACCELERATING MEDICINES 

3089
02:04:00,933 --> 02:04:03,036
PARTNERSHIP, A TRADEMARKED 

3090
02:04:03,036 --> 02:04:04,604
ORGANIZATION BY THE NIH.

3091
02:04:04,604 --> 02:04:06,572
IT HAS BEEN IN EXISTENCE OVER 10

3092
02:04:06,572 --> 02:04:07,373
YEARS.

3093
02:04:07,373 --> 02:04:09,475
WE CELEBRATED THE 10th 

3094
02:04:09,475 --> 02:04:11,010
ANNIVERSARY LAST SPRING.

3095
02:04:11,010 --> 02:04:15,081
THERE HAVE BEEN A TOTAL OF 10 

3096
02:04:15,081 --> 02:04:15,581
PROJ

3097
02:04:15,581 --> 02:04:16,849
PROJECTS, TOTAL INVESTMENT OF 

3098
02:04:16,849 --> 02:04:18,785
ALMOST $1 BILLION.

3099
02:04:18,785 --> 02:04:22,755
34 PARTNERS FROM LIFE SCIENCE 

3100
02:04:22,755 --> 02:04:25,091
COMPANIES, 16 NIH INSTITUTES AND

3101
02:04:25,091 --> 02:04:26,826
CROSS INSTITUTE PROGRAMS AND A 

3102
02:04:26,826 --> 02:04:30,196
NUMBER OF NONPROFIT 

3103
02:04:30,196 --> 02:04:31,397
ORGANIZATIONS HAVE COME TOGETHER

3104
02:04:31,397 --> 02:04:33,733
TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PROJECTS 

3105
02:04:33,733 --> 02:04:35,968
THAT ARE SHOWN ON A TIMELINE IN 

3106
02:04:35,968 --> 02:04:37,537
THE NEXT SLIDE.

3107
02:04:37,537 --> 02:04:43,309
THE PROGRAMS REALLY STARTED WITH

3108
02:04:43,309 --> 02:04:45,044
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND HAVE 

3109
02:04:45,044 --> 02:04:46,646
CONTINUED NOW TO ENCOMPASS A 

3110
02:04:46,646 --> 02:04:51,517
WHOLE RANGE OF THERAPEUTIC AREAS

3111
02:04:51,517 --> 02:04:53,920
INCLUDING PARKINSON'S, TYPE 2 

3112
02:04:53,920 --> 02:05:01,594
DIABETES, HEART FAILURE, ALS, ET

3113
02:05:01,594 --> 02:05:03,363
CETERA, ET CETERA, OUTLINED HERE

3114
02:05:03,363 --> 02:05:04,330
IN THE TIMELINE.

3115
02:05:04,330 --> 02:05:05,698
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT MATTERS 

3116
02:05:05,698 --> 02:05:08,101
TO ME IN THIS TIMELINE IS THAT 

3117
02:05:08,101 --> 02:05:10,269
THE PARTNERS FIND THAT AT THE 

3118
02:05:10,269 --> 02:05:13,539
END OF WHAT NORMALLY A FIVE-YEAR

3119
02:05:13,539 --> 02:05:17,243
CYCLE OF INVESTMENT IN A 

3120
02:05:17,243 --> 02:05:18,845
PARTICULAR AMP AREA, OFTEN SAY, 

3121
02:05:18,845 --> 02:05:20,480
NO, WE CAN GET MORE FROM THIS.

3122
02:05:20,480 --> 02:05:21,948
WE CAN DO MORE.

3123
02:05:21,948 --> 02:05:23,549
WE WANT TO LEARN MORE.

3124
02:05:23,549 --> 02:05:25,017
WE CAN CONTRIBUTE MORE.

3125
02:05:25,017 --> 02:05:27,520
LET'S GO TO THE 2.0 VERSION.

3126
02:05:27,520 --> 02:05:31,391
AND SO THEY ANTE UP AGAIN TO 

3127
02:05:31,391 --> 02:05:31,891
PARTICIPATION AND PLAY.

3128
02:05:31,891 --> 02:05:33,359
-- PARTICIPATE AND PLAY.

3129
02:05:33,359 --> 02:05:36,829
I WANT TO EMPHASIZE ACROSS ALL 

3130
02:05:36,829 --> 02:05:39,132
OF THESE PROJECTS LOOKING AT 

3131
02:05:39,132 --> 02:05:42,201
IDENTIFYING NEW PATHWAYS AND 

3132
02:05:42,201 --> 02:05:43,369
TARGETS FOR DRUG THERAPY DATA 

3133
02:05:43,369 --> 02:05:45,538
ARE OPEN ACCESS.

3134
02:05:45,538 --> 02:05:47,140
THAT MEANS INFORMATION THAT IS 

3135
02:05:47,140 --> 02:05:49,475
ACCRUED AND MANAGED THROUGH 

3136
02:05:49,475 --> 02:05:51,978
THESE PROJECTS IS OPEN SOURCED 

3137
02:05:51,978 --> 02:05:55,381
SO ANY RESPONSIBLE CREDENTIALED 

3138
02:05:55,381 --> 02:05:56,749
INVESTIGATOR CAN USE THOSE DATA 

3139
02:05:56,749 --> 02:06:00,853
FOR SCIENTIFIC PUMPS.

3140
02:06:00,853 --> 02:06:01,421
 PURPOSES.

3141
02:06:01,421 --> 02:06:03,356
ON THE NEXT SLIDE I HAVE ONE 

3142
02:06:03,356 --> 02:06:05,024
VIEW OF THE MEASUREMENT OF THE 

3143
02:06:05,024 --> 02:06:06,759
IMPACT OF THESE PROJECTS ON 

3144
02:06:06,759 --> 02:06:10,430
TARGET IDENTIFICATION AND 

3145
02:06:10,430 --> 02:06:11,464
PRIORITIZATION ACROSS THREE OF 

3146
02:06:11,464 --> 02:06:13,866
THE MAIN SECTORS WHO ARE 

3147
02:06:13,866 --> 02:06:14,200
CONTRIBUTING.

3148
02:06:14,200 --> 02:06:17,870
WHAT THIS GRAPH SHOWS YOU IS 

3149
02:06:17,870 --> 02:06:20,072
SOMETIMES THE AMP HELPS DEFINE 

3150
02:06:20,072 --> 02:06:22,275
NEW TARGETS FOR EXPLORATION AND 

3151
02:06:22,275 --> 02:06:25,411
DRUG DEVELOPMENT.

3152
02:06:25,411 --> 02:06:28,714
SOMETIMES THE AMPS MOVE SOME 

3153
02:06:28,714 --> 02:06:30,450
PUNITIVE TARGETS HIGHER UP ON 

3154
02:06:30,450 --> 02:06:33,519
THE PRIORITIZATION, THE MIDDLE 

3155
02:06:33,519 --> 02:06:36,522
PART OF THE GRAPHIC FOR 

3156
02:06:36,522 --> 02:06:42,161
ALZHEIMER'S, RHEUMATALOGIC AND 

3157
02:06:42,161 --> 02:06:45,498
THEY CAN VERY QUICKLY LEARN 

3158
02:06:45,498 --> 02:06:46,632
THOSE TARGETS DON'T MATTER AND 

3159
02:06:46,632 --> 02:06:48,634
WE ARE NOT GOING TO PURSUE THOSE

3160
02:06:48,634 --> 02:06:50,136
ANYMORE AND TAKE THEM OFF THE 

3161
02:06:50,136 --> 02:06:50,470
TABLE.

3162
02:06:50,470 --> 02:06:52,538
WHEN WE HAD OUR 10th YEAR 

3163
02:06:52,538 --> 02:06:54,207
ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMPS, I SPOKE

3164
02:06:54,207 --> 02:06:55,942
TO THE INDUSTRY PARTNERS TO 

3165
02:06:55,942 --> 02:07:01,147
REALLY UNDERSTAND WHY ARE YOU 

3166
02:07:01,147 --> 02:07:01,447
CONTRIBUTES.

3167
02:07:01,447 --> 02:07:03,616
WHAT ARE YOU GETTING OUT OF 

3168
02:07:03,616 --> 02:07:03,816
THIS?

3169
02:07:03,816 --> 02:07:06,285
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS

3170
02:07:06,285 --> 02:07:09,355
THEY SAID IS WE WOULD NEVER BE 

3171
02:07:09,355 --> 02:07:12,792
ABLE TO AMALGAMATE THE TYPE OF 

3172
02:07:12,792 --> 02:07:14,994
INFORMATION IN THE 

3173
02:07:14,994 --> 02:07:15,661
PRECOMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT 

3174
02:07:15,661 --> 02:07:17,497
SHARING DATA ACROSS VARIOUS 

3175
02:07:17,497 --> 02:07:19,265
ORGANIZATIONS AND REALLY LOOKING

3176
02:07:19,265 --> 02:07:22,835
AT THE STATISTICAL POWER WE NEED

3177
02:07:22,835 --> 02:07:24,737
TO PRIORITIZE THESE TARGETS AND 

3178
02:07:24,737 --> 02:07:25,571
MOVE THEM FORWARD.

3179
02:07:25,571 --> 02:07:27,473
IT IS WORTH EVERY PENNY THAT WE 

3180
02:07:27,473 --> 02:07:29,976
INVEST TO TRY TO DO THAT AND 

3181
02:07:29,976 --> 02:07:33,946
ACCELERATE OUR CAPABILITIES.

3182
02:07:33,946 --> 02:07:35,615
ON THE NEXT SLIDE I WANTED TO 

3183
02:07:35,615 --> 02:07:38,150
JUST SAY A WORD ABOUT HOW WE ARE

3184
02:07:38,150 --> 02:07:39,852
EVOLVING THE AMPS BECAUSE THEY 

3185
02:07:39,852 --> 02:07:42,588
ARE, AS YOU SAW IN THE TIMELINE,

3186
02:07:42,588 --> 02:07:44,290
FAIRLY LONG-TERM PROJECTS.

3187
02:07:44,290 --> 02:07:46,459
IT TAKES US A LONG TIME TO GET 

3188
02:07:46,459 --> 02:07:48,828
THEM STARTED.

3189
02:07:48,828 --> 02:07:49,762
TRADITIONALLY 18 TO 24 MONTHS 

3190
02:07:49,762 --> 02:07:51,430
FROM THE TIME WE HAD THE 

3191
02:07:51,430 --> 02:07:53,900
APPROVAL TO MOVE AHEAD ON AN AMP

3192
02:07:53,900 --> 02:07:56,802
IN THE ACTUAL LAUNCH OF THE 

3193
02:07:56,802 --> 02:07:59,739
INVESTMENTS IN THE SCIENTIFIC 

3194
02:07:59,739 --> 02:07:59,972
PROCESS.

3195
02:07:59,972 --> 02:08:03,543
SO WHEN WE TOOK A LOOK AT WHY 

3196
02:08:03,543 --> 02:08:06,746
THE TIMELINE WAS AS LONG AS IT 

3197
02:08:06,746 --> 02:08:08,915
WAS, ONE OF THE REASONS IS THE 

3198
02:08:08,915 --> 02:08:12,018
NIH BUDGET CYCLE HAS A LONG LEAD

3199
02:08:12,018 --> 02:08:14,954
TIME AND ISN'T ALWAYS KNOWN OR 

3200
02:08:14,954 --> 02:08:15,521
ACCESSIBLE.

3201
02:08:15,521 --> 02:08:17,523
OUR PHILOSOPHY BEING A SMALL 

3202
02:08:17,523 --> 02:08:19,625
FOUNDATION IS THAT WE DON'T WANT

3203
02:08:19,625 --> 02:08:21,527
TO DO THINGS AT RISK BECAUSE WE 

3204
02:08:21,527 --> 02:08:24,397
CAN'T AFFORD TO MAKE OUR OWN 

3205
02:08:24,397 --> 02:08:25,798
INVESTMENT AND THEN NOT HAVE 

3206
02:08:25,798 --> 02:08:26,933
THAT END UP BEING SOMETHING THAT

3207
02:08:26,933 --> 02:08:28,601
IS FUNDED.

3208
02:08:28,601 --> 02:08:31,103
BUT WE ALSO FOUND OUT THAT THERE

3209
02:08:31,103 --> 02:08:34,106
ARE WAYS WE COULD DO THINGS IN 

3210
02:08:34,106 --> 02:08:36,709
PARALLEL NOT IN SERIES AND MOST 

3211
02:08:36,709 --> 02:08:39,779
RECENTLY AS IS EXEMPLIFIED BY 

3212
02:08:39,779 --> 02:08:42,181
THE LAUNCH OF THE AMP ALS 

3213
02:08:42,181 --> 02:08:43,349
CHANGING OUR CONTRACTING 

3214
02:08:43,349 --> 02:08:45,851
MECHANISMS WITH THE PARTNERS, BY

3215
02:08:45,851 --> 02:08:49,422
DEVELOPING SOMETHING WE CALL THE

3216
02:08:49,422 --> 02:08:57,463
ACCELERATION FUND WHERE 

3217
02:08:57,463 --> 02:08:58,097
PHILAN

3218
02:08:58,097 --> 02:08:58,764
PHILANTHROPISTS CONTRIBUTE TO 

3219
02:08:58,764 --> 02:08:59,765
HIGH PRIORITY AND HIGH 

3220
02:08:59,765 --> 02:09:00,800
PROBABILITY AT RISKS.

3221
02:09:00,800 --> 02:09:02,134
WE CAN SPEED UP THIS PROCESS.

3222
02:09:02,134 --> 02:09:03,970
WE ARE PROUD OF THE EXEMPLAR OF 

3223
02:09:03,970 --> 02:09:05,905
THE ALS.

3224
02:09:05,905 --> 02:09:07,673
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO KNOW PEOPLE

3225
02:09:07,673 --> 02:09:09,308
WHO ARE EXPERIENCING THE 

3226
02:09:09,308 --> 02:09:11,611
CHALLENGES OF ALS, YOU KNOW THAT

3227
02:09:11,611 --> 02:09:13,045
EVERY DAY MATTERS AND SO 

3228
02:09:13,045 --> 02:09:16,649
EVERYTHING WE CAN DO TO 

3229
02:09:16,649 --> 02:09:17,750
ACCELERATE PROJECTS LIKE THIS 

3230
02:09:17,750 --> 02:09:20,019
REALLY DOES MATTER TO THE 

3231
02:09:20,019 --> 02:09:21,520
PATIENT STAKEHOLDERS WHO ARE 

3232
02:09:21,520 --> 02:09:23,923
VERY MUCH PART OF OUR PROCESS.

3233
02:09:23,923 --> 02:09:31,430
I DO WANT TO SAY A WORD ABOUT 

3234
02:09:31,430 --> 02:09:34,333
AMP DERIVATIVES AND ONE OF THE 

3235
02:09:34,333 --> 02:09:37,403
AREAS WE HAVE MOVED FORWARD INTO

3236
02:09:37,403 --> 02:09:40,439
THE CLINICAL STUDIES ARENA.

3237
02:09:40,439 --> 02:09:42,008
LARRY IS HERE.

3238
02:09:42,008 --> 02:09:44,644
I MET MR. TABAK WHEN I STEPPED 

3239
02:09:44,644 --> 02:09:49,148
UP TO MY ROLE AT FNIH AND STILL 

3240
02:09:49,148 --> 02:09:52,451
PROSECUTING THE ACTIVE PORTFOLIO

3241
02:09:52,451 --> 02:09:55,521
OF IMPORTANT CLINICAL TRIALS 

3242
02:09:55,521 --> 02:09:56,789
RELATIVE TO THE COVID, SORT OF 

3243
02:09:56,789 --> 02:09:57,957
BY THE NUMBERS.

3244
02:09:57,957 --> 02:09:59,859
AND I THINK THAT IS THE SLIDE 

3245
02:09:59,859 --> 02:10:07,299
YOU ARE SEEING IS SHOWING THAT 

3246
02:10:07,299 --> 02:10:07,633
AC

3247
02:10:07,633 --> 02:10:09,835
ACTIVE CAME TOGETHER, DR. 

3248
02:10:09,835 --> 02:10:13,406
COLLINS AND DR. WALLY LEAD THE 

3249
02:10:13,406 --> 02:10:16,042
EFFORT TO SCREEN 800 COMPOUNDS, 

3250
02:10:16,042 --> 02:10:17,543
ULTIMATELY LAND ON 33 COMPOUNDS 

3251
02:10:17,543 --> 02:10:18,878
FOR EVALUATION.

3252
02:10:18,878 --> 02:10:22,415
SEVERAL OF WHICH PROVED TO BE 

3253
02:10:22,415 --> 02:10:22,682
EFFECTIVE.

3254
02:10:22,682 --> 02:10:24,183
SEVERAL OF WHICH PROVED TO NOT 

3255
02:10:24,183 --> 02:10:25,584
BE EFFECTIVE.

3256
02:10:25,584 --> 02:10:31,924
JUST INVOLVING MORE THAN 23,000 

3257
02:10:31,924 --> 02:10:34,460
PATIENTS AT 620 CLINICAL SITES 

3258
02:10:34,460 --> 02:10:37,430
AROUND THE UNITED STATES.

3259
02:10:37,430 --> 02:10:43,803
A MASSIVE UNDERTAKING AT RAPID 

3260
02:10:43,803 --> 02:10:45,538
SKILL THAT THE NEXT SLIDE LISTS 

3261
02:10:45,538 --> 02:10:48,841
THE MAIN PARTNERS PARTICIPATING 

3262
02:10:48,841 --> 02:10:49,742
AND ACTIVE.

3263
02:10:49,742 --> 02:10:50,710
THIS EXPERIENCE IS VERY 

3264
02:10:50,710 --> 02:10:51,844
IMPORTANT BECAUSE WE ALL LEARNED

3265
02:10:51,844 --> 02:10:52,678
FROM IT.

3266
02:10:52,678 --> 02:10:54,580
I THINK WE LEARNED SOMETHING 

3267
02:10:54,580 --> 02:10:57,550
THAT WE'RE CARRYING FORWARD.

3268
02:10:57,550 --> 02:10:59,085
PARTICULARLY DR. BERTAGNOLLI'S 

3269
02:10:59,085 --> 02:11:03,489
DIRECTION AND WE MOVE TO EXPAND 

3270
02:11:03,489 --> 02:11:06,258
THE RECOVER, ON THE NEXT SLIDE, 

3271
02:11:06,258 --> 02:11:09,028
THE RECOVER LONG COVID PROGRAM 

3272
02:11:09,028 --> 02:11:10,930
TO ENGAGE MORE EFFICIENTLY AND 

3273
02:11:10,930 --> 02:11:12,364
EFFECTIVELY IN THE DEVELOPMENT 

3274
02:11:12,364 --> 02:11:15,401
OF THERAPEUTIC TRIALS FOR LONG 

3275
02:11:15,401 --> 02:11:15,601
COVID.

3276
02:11:15,601 --> 02:11:18,137
SO IN VERY SHORT ORDER, I THINK 

3277
02:11:18,137 --> 02:11:21,240
WE HAD ABOUT, MONICA, TWO OR 

3278
02:11:21,240 --> 02:11:23,375
THREE-MONTH LEAD TIME HERE.

3279
02:11:23,375 --> 02:11:26,445
WE WERE ABLE TO CONVENE AS MANY 

3280
02:11:26,445 --> 02:11:28,380
HUNDRED STAKEHOLDERS IN PERSON, 

3281
02:11:28,380 --> 02:11:31,584
ON THE NIH CAMPUS, BUT ALSO 

3282
02:11:31,584 --> 02:11:35,154
VIRTUALLY, WHICH INCLUDED A HUGE

3283
02:11:35,154 --> 02:11:36,455
CONSTITUENCY OF PEOPLE AFFECTED 

3284
02:11:36,455 --> 02:11:39,024
BY LONG COVID AND THEIR CARE 

3285
02:11:39,024 --> 02:11:43,262
TAKERS TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 

3286
02:11:43,262 --> 02:11:43,496
NEEDED?

3287
02:11:43,496 --> 02:11:45,431
WHAT DO PATIENTS NEED?

3288
02:11:45,431 --> 02:11:47,233
WHAT ARE PATIENTS DOING NOW AND 

3289
02:11:47,233 --> 02:11:49,101
HOW CAN WE ACCELERATE THE 

3290
02:11:49,101 --> 02:11:51,403
CLINICAL TRIALS FOR THIS?

3291
02:11:51,403 --> 02:11:54,273
WE ARE MOVED INTO THE PHASE OF 

3292
02:11:54,273 --> 02:11:55,407
SOLICITING POTENTIAL COMPOUNDS 

3293
02:11:55,407 --> 02:11:58,043
FOR STUDY OR INTERVENTIONS FOR 

3294
02:11:58,043 --> 02:11:59,812
STUDIES, NOT JUST ALL DRUG 

3295
02:11:59,812 --> 02:12:01,413
RELATED INTERVENTIONS AND ARE 

3296
02:12:01,413 --> 02:12:04,950
LEARNING FROM THE ACTIVE MODEL 

3297
02:12:04,950 --> 02:12:06,552
AND WHAT WE'VE LEARNED FROM AMP 

3298
02:12:06,552 --> 02:12:08,554
BUILDING COMPLEX PARTNERSHIPS TO

3299
02:12:08,554 --> 02:12:10,389
PROSECUTE THIS PORTFOLIO.

3300
02:12:10,389 --> 02:12:11,490
LET ME MOVE ON NOW.

3301
02:12:11,490 --> 02:12:13,292
YOU CAN SKIP THE NEXT SLIDE 

3302
02:12:13,292 --> 02:12:16,595
WHICH I THINK JUST SAYS CLINICAL

3303
02:12:16,595 --> 02:12:18,998
STUDIES AND MOVE TO ANOTHER VERY

3304
02:12:18,998 --> 02:12:21,333
IMPORTANT EVOLUTION OF THE AMP 

3305
02:12:21,333 --> 02:12:23,002
PROCESS WHICH IS THE CLINICAL 

3306
02:12:23,002 --> 02:12:28,240
TRIALS RELATED TO LUNG MASTER 

3307
02:12:28,240 --> 02:12:28,674
PROTOCOLS.

3308
02:12:28,674 --> 02:12:30,309
WHAT HAPPENS HERE AND YOU CAN 

3309
02:12:30,309 --> 02:12:32,645
SEE HERE ON THE MAP, THE 

3310
02:12:32,645 --> 02:12:36,816
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THESE

3311
02:12:36,816 --> 02:12:40,786
PROJECTS WHICH HAVE SO FAR 

3312
02:12:40,786 --> 02:12:42,021
EVALUATED 15 INVESTIGATIONAL 

3313
02:12:42,021 --> 02:12:44,523
DRUGS FOR CANCER.

3314
02:12:44,523 --> 02:12:45,925
RATHER THAN DOING 15 SEPARATE 

3315
02:12:45,925 --> 02:12:48,527
TRIALS OR MORE THAN 15, THE 

3316
02:12:48,527 --> 02:12:50,796
MASTER PROTOCOL ALLOWS PEOPLE TO

3317
02:12:50,796 --> 02:12:51,897
HAVE THEIR CANCERS INTERROGATED 

3318
02:12:51,897 --> 02:12:56,302
FOR A GROWING LIST OF MARKERS 

3319
02:12:56,302 --> 02:12:59,638
FOR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO VARIOUS 

3320
02:12:59,638 --> 02:13:01,307
DRUGS AND THEN MODIFY THEIR 

3321
02:13:01,307 --> 02:13:03,709
TREATMENT PROTOCOLS ACCORDING TO

3322
02:13:03,709 --> 02:13:05,177
WHAT WE LEARN ABOUT THOSE 

3323
02:13:05,177 --> 02:13:08,714
MARKERS AND THE BENEFITS OR 

3324
02:13:08,714 --> 02:13:09,782
NONBENEFITS OF THESE 

3325
02:13:09,782 --> 02:13:12,051
INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS.

3326
02:13:12,051 --> 02:13:13,519
THIS IS ANOTHER MODEL THAT HAS 

3327
02:13:13,519 --> 02:13:15,554
BECOME VERY IMPORTANT IN 

3328
02:13:15,554 --> 02:13:17,156
DEFINING MORE RAPID WAYS AND 

3329
02:13:17,156 --> 02:13:20,960
MORE INCLUSIVE WAYS TO PROSECUTE

3330
02:13:20,960 --> 02:13:23,996
CANCER PORTFOLIOS, BUT ALSO IS 

3331
02:13:23,996 --> 02:13:25,231
INFORMING OVER AND BROADER WORK 

3332
02:13:25,231 --> 02:13:26,866
IN TEAM SCIENCE THAT WE ARE 

3333
02:13:26,866 --> 02:13:29,068
CARRYING ON AS WE GO FORWARD.

3334
02:13:29,068 --> 02:13:30,870
WHICH BRINGS ME ON THE NEXT 

3335
02:13:30,870 --> 02:13:34,106
SLIDE TO THE BIOMARKERS 

3336
02:13:34,106 --> 02:13:34,840
CONSORTIUM PLATFORM.

3337
02:13:34,840 --> 02:13:37,476
WHICH IS NOT THE LARGEST 

3338
02:13:37,476 --> 02:13:41,213
INVESTMENT THAT FNIH MAKES.

3339
02:13:41,213 --> 02:13:42,281
IN FACT, MOST OF THE INVESTMENT 

3340
02:13:42,281 --> 02:13:45,818
IN THE BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM IS 

3341
02:13:45,818 --> 02:13:47,553
FROM THE PRIVATE SECTOR.

3342
02:13:47,553 --> 02:13:49,421
NIH CONTRIBUTES TO SOME OF THESE

3343
02:13:49,421 --> 02:13:51,924
35 PROJECTS THAT ARE ONGOING 

3344
02:13:51,924 --> 02:13:53,959
HERE, BUT MOST OF THE RESOURCES 

3345
02:13:53,959 --> 02:13:56,262
CONTRIBUTED BY THE OUTSIDE 

3346
02:13:56,262 --> 02:13:57,363
PARTNERS.

3347
02:13:57,363 --> 02:13:58,697
WE'RE VERY INTENSE IN 

3348
02:13:58,697 --> 02:13:59,865
PARTICIPATION OF THE ACADEMIC 

3349
02:13:59,865 --> 02:14:02,101
COMMUNITY IN THIS REGARD AS 

3350
02:14:02,101 --> 02:14:02,301
WELL.

3351
02:14:02,301 --> 02:14:05,237
THE PURPOSE OF THE BIOMARKERS 

3352
02:14:05,237 --> 02:14:07,940
CONSORTIUM IS TO DEFINE BIOMARK 

3353
02:14:07,940 --> 02:14:09,275
EARRINGS FOR VARIOUS DISEASES 

3354
02:14:09,275 --> 02:14:11,810
THAT WOULD BE POTENTIALLY BE 

3355
02:14:11,810 --> 02:14:15,447
VALIDATED AND THEN ULTIMATELY 

3356
02:14:15,447 --> 02:14:19,818
QUALIFIED BY THE FDA TO SERVE AS

3357
02:14:19,818 --> 02:14:23,923
PREDICTORS, PROGNOSTICATORS OR 

3358
02:14:23,923 --> 02:14:25,257
SURROGATE END POINTS FOR 

3359
02:14:25,257 --> 02:14:26,258
CLINICAL TRIALS.

3360
02:14:26,258 --> 02:14:29,528
THIS IS A LENGTHY PROCESS.

3361
02:14:29,528 --> 02:14:31,830
THE ERA SINCE FDA CREATED 

3362
02:14:31,830 --> 02:14:34,099
BIOMARKER QUALIFICATION, VERY 

3363
02:14:34,099 --> 02:14:35,200
FEW HAVE MADE IT THROUGH THE 

3364
02:14:35,200 --> 02:14:38,070
FUNNEL TO GET TO THAT POINT.

3365
02:14:38,070 --> 02:14:39,905
ON THE NEXT SLIDE I JUST SHOW 

3366
02:14:39,905 --> 02:14:43,509
THE PARTNERS WHO PARTICIPATE IN 

3367
02:14:43,509 --> 02:14:48,847
THE BIOMARKERS CON SSORCONSORTI.

3368
02:14:48,847 --> 02:14:50,749
I PUT THESE SLIDES UP FOR TWO 

3369
02:14:50,749 --> 02:14:51,283
REASONS.

3370
02:14:51,283 --> 02:14:52,785
THIS IS A VERY DIVERSE 

3371
02:14:52,785 --> 02:14:57,489
CONSTITUENCY OF PEOPLE WHO SHARE

3372
02:14:57,489 --> 02:14:59,825
ABOUT LEARNING ABOUT BIOMARKERS 

3373
02:14:59,825 --> 02:15:01,860
ALL BOATS WILL FLOAT IN THE 

3374
02:15:01,860 --> 02:15:03,562
RISING TIDE OF WHAT WE LEARN.

3375
02:15:03,562 --> 02:15:05,230
THE MODEL IS DIFFERENT THAN THE 

3376
02:15:05,230 --> 02:15:06,832
AMP MODEL AND WE ARE THINKING 

3377
02:15:06,832 --> 02:15:08,334
ABOUT HOW TO BRING THESE TWO 

3378
02:15:08,334 --> 02:15:09,535
MODELS TOGETHER.

3379
02:15:09,535 --> 02:15:12,171
BECAUSE THE BIOMARKERS 

3380
02:15:12,171 --> 02:15:13,439
CONSORTIUM IS A SUBSCRIPTION 

3381
02:15:13,439 --> 02:15:14,373
MODEL.

3382
02:15:14,373 --> 02:15:16,442
PEOPLE PAY TO BE MEMBER OF THE 

3383
02:15:16,442 --> 02:15:18,310
CONSORTIUM AND CAN OPT IN AND 

3384
02:15:18,310 --> 02:15:23,649
OUT OF SPECIFIC PROJECTS AS THEY

3385
02:15:23,649 --> 02:15:25,818
DEVELOP AND EMERGE AND THAT IS 

3386
02:15:25,818 --> 02:15:27,853
AN IMPORTANT MODEL AS WE THINK 

3387
02:15:27,853 --> 02:15:29,021
ABOUT RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS.

3388
02:15:29,021 --> 02:15:30,889
ON THE NEXT SLIDE I HAVE A BIG 

3389
02:15:30,889 --> 02:15:34,560
WIN FOR THE BIOMARKERS 

3390
02:15:34,560 --> 02:15:38,998
CONSORTIUM, FIRST HINTED AT LAST

3391
02:15:38,998 --> 02:15:41,300
SPRING AT THE SCIENTIFIC MEETING

3392
02:15:41,300 --> 02:15:43,435
OF THE ASBMR.

3393
02:15:43,435 --> 02:15:46,372
BUT BASICALLY THE WORK FROM THE 

3394
02:15:46,372 --> 02:15:48,273
BIOMARKER CONSORTIUM HAS 

3395
02:15:48,273 --> 02:15:49,742
DEMONSTRATED THAT BONE MINERAL 

3396
02:15:49,742 --> 02:15:52,378
DENSITY CAN BE USED AS A 

3397
02:15:52,378 --> 02:15:53,579
SURROGATE END POINT FOR 

3398
02:15:53,579 --> 02:15:57,850
DETERMINING THE EFFICACY OF 

3399
02:15:57,850 --> 02:16:02,254
DRUGS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS.

3400
02:16:02,254 --> 02:16:04,490
THE FDA HAS VALIDATED THE 

3401
02:16:04,490 --> 02:16:05,491
INFORMATION FROM THE INFORMATION

3402
02:16:05,491 --> 02:16:08,327
STUDIES AND CREATED A TIMELINE 

3403
02:16:08,327 --> 02:16:10,029
THAT SAID AFTER COMPLETING 

3404
02:16:10,029 --> 02:16:11,363
VARIOUS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 

3405
02:16:11,363 --> 02:16:13,365
THAT NEED TO HAPPEN, WE EXPECT 

3406
02:16:13,365 --> 02:16:15,701
WE WILL FULLY QUALIFY THIS 

3407
02:16:15,701 --> 02:16:18,604
BIOMARKER BY JANUARY OF 2025.

3408
02:16:18,604 --> 02:16:19,772
WELL, GUESS WHAT?

3409
02:16:19,772 --> 02:16:21,740
JANUARY OF 2025 IS ALMOST HERE 

3410
02:16:21,740 --> 02:16:24,109
AND SO WE'RE HOLDING OUR BREATH 

3411
02:16:24,109 --> 02:16:27,179
THAT WE ACTUALLY WILL SEE THIS 

3412
02:16:27,179 --> 02:16:28,680
QUALIFIED BIOMARKER.

3413
02:16:28,680 --> 02:16:30,582
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

3414
02:16:30,582 --> 02:16:31,884
IT IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE 

3415
02:16:31,884 --> 02:16:33,852
TRADITIONALLY IF YOU WANTED TO 

3416
02:16:33,852 --> 02:16:38,557
STUDY A DRUG FOR OSTEOPOROSIS, 

3417
02:16:38,557 --> 02:16:40,959
YOU HAD TO EN3R08,000 PEOPLE AND

3418
02:16:40,959 --> 02:16:43,562
FOLLOW THEM FOR 10 YEARS AND SEE

3419
02:16:43,562 --> 02:16:45,531
IF THEY DID OR DID NOT DEVELOP A

3420
02:16:45,531 --> 02:16:46,432
HIP FRACTURE.

3421
02:16:46,432 --> 02:16:50,636
THAT IS AN INCREDIBLY EXPENSIVE 

3422
02:16:50,636 --> 02:16:51,770
UNDERTAKING AND VERY CAPITAL 

3423
02:16:51,770 --> 02:16:53,405
TENSE AND TIME INTENSE, IT 

3424
02:16:53,405 --> 02:16:57,509
DOESN'T HAPPEN VERY LONG THAT 

3425
02:16:57,509 --> 02:16:59,011
PEOPLE INVEST THAT RESOURCE.

3426
02:16:59,011 --> 02:17:08,687
EN THOE OSTEOPOROSIS IS SO 

3427
02:17:08,687 --> 02:17:10,789
IMPORTANT AND IMPROVING THE 

3428
02:17:10,789 --> 02:17:11,890
QUALITY OF LIFE PARTICULARLY FOR

3429
02:17:11,890 --> 02:17:14,393
WOMEN AND PEOPLE WHO ARE AGING.

3430
02:17:14,393 --> 02:17:16,595
WITH A SURROGATE END POINT YOU 

3431
02:17:16,595 --> 02:17:18,664
CAN SPEED UP THE TRIAL SO THE 

3432
02:17:18,664 --> 02:17:21,767
END POINT ISN'T FRACTURE, THE 

3433
02:17:21,767 --> 02:17:23,802
END POINT IS CHANGE IN BONE 

3434
02:17:23,802 --> 02:17:24,203
MINERAL DENSITY.

3435
02:17:24,203 --> 02:17:26,705
YOU CAN DO THE STUDY WITH FAR 

3436
02:17:26,705 --> 02:17:28,974
FEWER PEOPLE AND A STUDY THAT 

3437
02:17:28,974 --> 02:17:31,677
MAY HAVE BEEN 10 YEARS COULD BE 

3438
02:17:31,677 --> 02:17:33,512
SHORTENED TO SAY THREE YEARS.

3439
02:17:33,512 --> 02:17:35,047
WE REALLY HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO

3440
02:17:35,047 --> 02:17:37,216
GET PEOPLE BACK IN THE GAME OF 

3441
02:17:37,216 --> 02:17:41,487
DEVELOPING NOVEL THERAPIES.

3442
02:17:41,487 --> 02:17:47,960
FOR OS TEOPOROS SIXTH.

3443
02:17:47,960 --> 02:17:50,729
IT SHOWS PEOPLE COMING TOGETHER 

3444
02:17:50,729 --> 02:17:52,064
AND INTERROGATING PROBLEMS 

3445
02:17:52,064 --> 02:17:55,300
TOGETHER CAN LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT

3446
02:17:55,300 --> 02:17:55,601
IMPACT.

3447
02:17:55,601 --> 02:17:57,269
THE LAST MAJOR PROGRAM I WANTED 

3448
02:17:57,269 --> 02:17:59,538
TO TOUCH ON IS KIND OF AN 

3449
02:17:59,538 --> 02:18:02,975
EXTENSION OF THE AMPS INTO AN 

3450
02:18:02,975 --> 02:18:05,577
AREA THAT IS RELATED TO THE 

3451
02:18:05,577 --> 02:18:08,714
OPPORTUNITIES FOR REGULATORY 

3452
02:18:08,714 --> 02:18:09,815
APPROVAL OF GENE THERAPY.

3453
02:18:09,815 --> 02:18:11,517
I THINK I HIGHLIGHTED THAT ON 

3454
02:18:11,517 --> 02:18:13,652
THE NEXT SLIDE THAT SAYS 

3455
02:18:13,652 --> 02:18:15,954
REGULATORY APPROVAL IN RED INC. 

3456
02:18:15,954 --> 02:18:19,725
THE SLIDE AFTER THAT KIND OF 

3457
02:18:19,725 --> 02:18:21,160
PRESENTS A CARTOON, REALLY, OF 

3458
02:18:21,160 --> 02:18:23,128
WHAT WE ARE THINKING ABOUT IN 

3459
02:18:23,128 --> 02:18:25,597
TERMS OF APPROACHES TO 

3460
02:18:25,597 --> 02:18:27,166
DEVELOPING PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES

3461
02:18:27,166 --> 02:18:29,868
FOR VARIOUS KINDS OF GENE AND 

3462
02:18:29,868 --> 02:18:30,736
CELL THERAPY.

3463
02:18:30,736 --> 02:18:33,438
ANYBODY WHO IS FAMILIAR WITH FLU

3464
02:18:33,438 --> 02:18:36,208
VACCINE KIND OF UNDERSTANDS THE 

3465
02:18:36,208 --> 02:18:39,511
PLATFORM CONCEPT OF SLIPPING IN 

3466
02:18:39,511 --> 02:18:44,449
AN ANTIGEN OR A MOLECULE IN A 

3467
02:18:44,449 --> 02:18:45,918
BACKBONE THAT STAYS CONSTANT.

3468
02:18:45,918 --> 02:18:48,387
THAT IS A GREAT IDEA FOR CERTAIN

3469
02:18:48,387 --> 02:18:51,623
KINDS OF GENE AND CELL THERAPY.

3470
02:18:51,623 --> 02:18:53,525
WE ARE A LONG WAY FROM THAT 

3471
02:18:53,525 --> 02:18:53,959
TODAY.

3472
02:18:53,959 --> 02:18:55,427
TOGETHER WITH NIH AND A VARIETY 

3473
02:18:55,427 --> 02:18:59,831
OF PARTNERS FNIH IS LEADING AN 

3474
02:18:59,831 --> 02:19:03,368
EFFORT TO TRY TO DEVELOP THE 

3475
02:19:03,368 --> 02:19:04,636
PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURING THESE

3476
02:19:04,636 --> 02:19:07,506
KINDS OF PLATFORMS, BUT ALSO 

3477
02:19:07,506 --> 02:19:09,541
IMPROVING CERTAINTY ABOUT THE 

3478
02:19:09,541 --> 02:19:10,509
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR 

3479
02:19:10,509 --> 02:19:13,946
GETTING THEM APPROVED.

3480
02:19:13,946 --> 02:19:17,049
SO NEXT SLIDE, THE ACCELERATING 

3481
02:19:17,049 --> 02:19:19,117
MEDICINES PARTNERSHIP BESPOKE 

3482
02:19:19,117 --> 02:19:22,588
GENE THERAPY CONSORTIUM WAS 

3483
02:19:22,588 --> 02:19:22,921
CREATED.

3484
02:19:22,921 --> 02:19:25,591
THIS IS KIND OF A HYBRID BETWEEN

3485
02:19:25,591 --> 02:19:28,994
THE TRADITIONAL AMPS, THE 

3486
02:19:28,994 --> 02:19:30,429
BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM AND THE 

3487
02:19:30,429 --> 02:19:32,197
CLINICAL TRIAL PLATFORMS I HAVE 

3488
02:19:32,197 --> 02:19:33,398
BEEN TALKING ABOUT.

3489
02:19:33,398 --> 02:19:35,667
IT KIND OF BRINGS IT ALL 

3490
02:19:35,667 --> 02:19:35,934
TOGETHER.

3491
02:19:35,934 --> 02:19:37,469
EARLY DAYS, BUT ON THE NEXT 

3492
02:19:37,469 --> 02:19:39,071
SLIDE YOU CAN SEE A LITTLE BIT 

3493
02:19:39,071 --> 02:19:40,772
OF WHERE WE ARE STARTING.

3494
02:19:40,772 --> 02:19:42,641
FIRST OF ALL, FROM THE 

3495
02:19:42,641 --> 02:19:48,914
PARLIAMENT PER SP -- PATIENT 

3496
02:19:48,914 --> 02:19:50,349
PERSPECTIVE, WE HAVE TO STOP 

3497
02:19:50,349 --> 02:19:52,251
EXPECTING PEOPLE TO RAISE MONEY 

3498
02:19:52,251 --> 02:19:54,119
THROUGH BAKE SALES AND MARATHONS

3499
02:19:54,119 --> 02:19:55,721
AND FUND THIS KIND OF RARE 

3500
02:19:55,721 --> 02:19:57,155
DISEASE RESEARCH IN A SYSTEMATIC

3501
02:19:57,155 --> 02:19:57,456
WAY.

3502
02:19:57,456 --> 02:19:59,725
WE RECEIVED A GREAT DEAL OF 

3503
02:19:59,725 --> 02:20:03,161
PATIENT INPUT AND SUPPORT FOR 

3504
02:20:03,161 --> 02:20:04,162
THIS EFFORT.

3505
02:20:04,162 --> 02:20:05,931
THE FIRST EIGHT RARE DISEASES 

3506
02:20:05,931 --> 02:20:09,201
THAT WE ARE APPROACHING WITH 

3507
02:20:09,201 --> 02:20:11,203
CLINICAL TRIALS ARE ALL USING 

3508
02:20:11,203 --> 02:20:12,204
AAB VECTORS.

3509
02:20:12,204 --> 02:20:13,839
THAT DOESN'T MEAN WE ARE LIMITED

3510
02:20:13,839 --> 02:20:15,874
TO THAT.

3511
02:20:15,874 --> 02:20:17,743
WE'VE ALREADY BEEN EXPLORING 

3512
02:20:17,743 --> 02:20:19,511
BEYOND AAV VECTORS.

3513
02:20:19,511 --> 02:20:21,046
WE HAD TO START SOMEWHERE.

3514
02:20:21,046 --> 02:20:22,381
THROUGH A COMPLEX PROCESS THAT 

3515
02:20:22,381 --> 02:20:24,583
WAS KIND OF BASED ON WHAT WE 

3516
02:20:24,583 --> 02:20:26,418
LEARNED FROM ACTIVE, WE 

3517
02:20:26,418 --> 02:20:27,919
PRIORITIZED THE TARGETS AND THE 

3518
02:20:27,919 --> 02:20:29,087
MOLECULES THAT ARE THE FIRST 

3519
02:20:29,087 --> 02:20:32,024
PASS AT THE AREAS THAT WE'RE 

3520
02:20:32,024 --> 02:20:32,591
OPERATING FROM.

3521
02:20:32,591 --> 02:20:36,361
NEXT SLIDE SHOWS THE INCREDIBLE 

3522
02:20:36,361 --> 02:20:38,397
NIH ENGAGEMENT ACROSS 10 

3523
02:20:38,397 --> 02:20:40,932
INSTITUTES, FDA OBVIOUSLY A HUGE

3524
02:20:40,932 --> 02:20:42,501
COMPONENT OF THIS PARTICULAR 

3525
02:20:42,501 --> 02:20:45,504
PARTNERSHIP AND A VARIETY OF 

3526
02:20:45,504 --> 02:20:47,839
EXTERNAL PARTNERS FROM LARGE AND

3527
02:20:47,839 --> 02:20:54,146
SMALL COMPANIES, PHILANTHROPY, 

3528
02:20:54,146 --> 02:20:55,213
PATIENT ORGANIZATIONS, ET 

3529
02:20:55,213 --> 02:20:55,514
CETERA.

3530
02:20:55,514 --> 02:20:58,183
THIS IS NO LONGER A COMPLETE 

3531
02:20:58,183 --> 02:21:01,486
LIST OF PARTNERS.

3532
02:21:01,486 --> 02:21:02,354
SOME OF THE PATIENT 

3533
02:21:02,354 --> 02:21:04,156
ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING ARE 

3534
02:21:04,156 --> 02:21:06,291
NOT THE PATIENT ORGANIZATIONS 

3535
02:21:06,291 --> 02:21:07,292
WHOSE DISEASES WERE REPRESENTED 

3536
02:21:07,292 --> 02:21:08,794
ON THE PREVIOUS SLIDE, BUT THEY 

3537
02:21:08,794 --> 02:21:09,828
ARE IN BECAUSE THEY RECOGNIZE 

3538
02:21:09,828 --> 02:21:11,563
THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO 

3539
02:21:11,563 --> 02:21:14,800
OVERALL PROGRESS IN THE FIELD OF

3540
02:21:14,800 --> 02:21:18,236
CELL AND GENE RESEARCH.

3541
02:21:18,236 --> 02:21:21,073
OUR FIRST CONTRIBUTION ON THE 

3542
02:21:21,073 --> 02:21:23,842
NEXT SLIDE WAS RELEASED IN 

3543
02:21:23,842 --> 02:21:25,844
FEBRUARY, THE FIRST PLAYBOOK TO 

3544
02:21:25,844 --> 02:21:27,846
DEFINAL SOME OF THE REGULATORY 

3545
02:21:27,846 --> 02:21:29,281
STANDARDS FOR EVOLVING A 

3546
02:21:29,281 --> 02:21:33,518
FRAMEWORK OF DEVELOPING VECTORS.

3547
02:21:33,518 --> 02:21:41,560
THE MINIMUM CQAs AND SOME OF THE

3548
02:21:41,560 --> 02:21:43,228
TOXICOLOGIC TO BEGIN THE 

3549
02:21:43,228 --> 02:21:45,130
STREAMLINE OF STREAMLINING AND 

3550
02:21:45,130 --> 02:21:47,032
REGULARIZING THE REGULATORY 

3551
02:21:47,032 --> 02:21:48,867
APPROVAL, IF YOU WILL.

3552
02:21:48,867 --> 02:21:50,836
WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT HOW THIS 

3553
02:21:50,836 --> 02:21:51,770
WORK COMES TOGETHER.

3554
02:21:51,770 --> 02:21:53,939
WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THE FACT 

3555
02:21:53,939 --> 02:21:55,507
THAT SCIENCE IS DEFINITELY ON 

3556
02:21:55,507 --> 02:21:57,909
OUR SIDE THESE DAYS.

3557
02:21:57,909 --> 02:22:00,178
WHAT WE'LL BE ABLE TO DO 

3558
02:22:00,178 --> 02:22:01,913
SCIENTIFICALLY IS TREMENDOUS.

3559
02:22:01,913 --> 02:22:06,885
WE ARE ALL OPERATING IN THE 

3560
02:22:06,885 --> 02:22:07,986
SPIRIT OF CONSTRAINED RESOURCES 

3561
02:22:07,986 --> 02:22:10,522
AND HAVE TO LEARN TO DO MORE, 

3562
02:22:10,522 --> 02:22:12,290
BETTER, FASTER, WITHOUT 

3563
02:22:12,290 --> 02:22:14,092
EXPECTING THE BUDGET TO BE THE 

3564
02:22:14,092 --> 02:22:14,860
SOLUTION TO THAT.

3565
02:22:14,860 --> 02:22:17,329
I THINK THERE IS A ROLE FOR 

3566
02:22:17,329 --> 02:22:19,498
PARTNERSHIPS AND I HOPE FNIH 

3567
02:22:19,498 --> 02:22:21,233
WILL BE CONTINUING TO SUPPORT 

3568
02:22:21,233 --> 02:22:23,568
THE NIH IN ITS MISSION AS WE GO 

3569
02:22:23,568 --> 02:22:24,236
FORWARD.

3570
02:22:24,236 --> 02:22:27,472
THE NEXT SLIDE KIND OF REMINDS 

3571
02:22:27,472 --> 02:22:29,274
YOU OF THE VARIOUS THINGS WE DO 

3572
02:22:29,274 --> 02:22:32,778
AND VARIOUS FORMATS AT FNIH TO 

3573
02:22:32,778 --> 02:22:33,612
BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER.

3574
02:22:33,612 --> 02:22:35,414
I THINK MAYBE IN THE INTEREST OF

3575
02:22:35,414 --> 02:22:37,115
TIME I'LL STOP HERE SO WE HAVE 

3576
02:22:37,115 --> 02:22:38,650
TIME FOR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

3577
02:22:38,650 --> 02:22:41,086
I DO WANT TO SAY ONE OTHER 

3578
02:22:41,086 --> 02:22:41,520
THING.

3579
02:22:41,520 --> 02:22:43,321
IF I CAN JUMP AHEAD TWO SLIDES 

3580
02:22:43,321 --> 02:22:45,524
TO THE SLIDE THAT SAYS 

3581
02:22:45,524 --> 02:22:46,525
SUPPORTING SCIENTISTS.

3582
02:22:46,525 --> 02:22:48,660
BECAUSE I REALIZE WHEN I WAS 

3583
02:22:48,660 --> 02:22:51,797
LOOKING AT THE ADVISORY 

3584
02:22:51,797 --> 02:22:53,532
COMMITTEE TO THE DIRECTOR THAT 

3585
02:22:53,532 --> 02:22:58,470
DR. KANG WAS A MEMBER OF THE 

3586
02:22:58,470 --> 02:23:01,339
ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE 

3587
02:23:01,339 --> 02:23:01,606
DIRECTOR.

3588
02:23:01,606 --> 02:23:06,111
WE JUST OFFERED DR. CHANG AS THE

3589
02:23:06,111 --> 02:23:10,248
LURIE PRIZE WINNER FOR HIS 

3590
02:23:10,248 --> 02:23:10,749
INCREDIBLE SCIENTIFIC 

3591
02:23:10,749 --> 02:23:13,351
CONTRIBUTIONS ALONG WITH OTHER 

3592
02:23:13,351 --> 02:23:14,352
SCIENTISTS WHO ARE HONORED NOW 

3593
02:23:14,352 --> 02:23:20,158
IN THIS ENDOWED PRIZE CALLED THE

3594
02:23:20,158 --> 02:23:24,830
PAUL GOWAN TRAILBLAZER PRIZE 

3595
02:23:24,830 --> 02:23:28,600
NAMED AFTER DR. GOWAN AND 

3596
02:23:28,600 --> 02:23:29,868
PARTNERSHIP AWARDS MENTIONED 

3597
02:23:29,868 --> 02:23:30,068
HERE.

3598
02:23:30,068 --> 02:23:33,538
IT GIVES ME A CHANCE TO SAY AS I

3599
02:23:33,538 --> 02:23:35,407
TRIED TO SAY AT THE BEGINNING, 

3600
02:23:35,407 --> 02:23:36,875
TEAM SCIENCE IS THE CORE OF OUR 

3601
02:23:36,875 --> 02:23:39,778
WORK, WE DO A LOT OF WORK TO 

3602
02:23:39,778 --> 02:23:41,113
SUPPORT INTRAMURAL SCIENTISTS IN

3603
02:23:41,113 --> 02:23:48,286
THE LAB AT NIH WHERE WE CAN 

3604
02:23:48,286 --> 02:23:56,027
CHANNEL PHILANTHROPISTES AND 

3605
02:23:56,027 --> 02:23:58,430
TO -- MOST RECENTLY THE SAWYER 

3606
02:23:58,430 --> 02:24:00,599
LECTURE AND THE EYE INSTITUTE IS

3607
02:24:00,599 --> 02:24:03,068
AN EXAMPLE OF HOW WE TRY TO 

3608
02:24:03,068 --> 02:24:04,603
BRING SCIENCE TO THE FOREFRONT 

3609
02:24:04,603 --> 02:24:07,072
AND HONOR THE LEGACY GIVING OF 

3610
02:24:07,072 --> 02:24:10,208
SOME OF THE IMPORTANT 

3611
02:24:10,208 --> 02:24:10,542
STAKEHOLDERS.

3612
02:24:10,542 --> 02:24:12,210
ON THE NEXT SLIDE BECAUSE TRUST 

3613
02:24:12,210 --> 02:24:13,845
IN SCIENCE IS SO IMPORTANT, I'M 

3614
02:24:13,845 --> 02:24:15,947
SURE IT IS IMPORTANT TO THE ACD,

3615
02:24:15,947 --> 02:24:20,852
WE ARE TRYING TO STEP UP TO 

3616
02:24:20,852 --> 02:24:22,120
RECOGNIZING OUR ROLE AND THIS 

3617
02:24:22,120 --> 02:24:25,223
YEAR DEVELOPED A NEW PRIZE AT 

3618
02:24:25,223 --> 02:24:29,361
OUR ANNUAL AWARDS DINNER FOR 

3619
02:24:29,361 --> 02:24:30,795
TRUST IN LIFE SCIENCE 

3620
02:24:30,795 --> 02:24:31,129
JOURNALISM.

3621
02:24:31,129 --> 02:24:35,567
THE PERSON WHO WON THE PRIZE WAS

3622
02:24:35,567 --> 02:24:39,371
KATHERINE WU, A STAFF WRITER FOR

3623
02:24:39,371 --> 02:24:43,275
THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY, BUT 

3624
02:24:43,275 --> 02:24:44,276
PARTICIPATED IN CREDIBLE NEWS 

3625
02:24:44,276 --> 02:24:45,510
REPORTING AT THE "NEW YORK 

3626
02:24:45,510 --> 02:24:49,514
TIMES" AND VARIOUS OTHER MEDIA 

3627
02:24:49,514 --> 02:24:51,783
OUTLETS AS A BALANCED AND FAIR 

3628
02:24:51,783 --> 02:24:52,984
SCIENCE REPORTER.

3629
02:24:52,984 --> 02:24:55,053
WE HAVE BEEN PARTICIPATING FOR 

3630
02:24:55,053 --> 02:24:56,688
THE COALITION FOR TRUST AND 

3631
02:24:56,688 --> 02:24:58,623
HEALTH IN SCIENCE, NOT TO TELL 

3632
02:24:58,623 --> 02:25:00,458
PEOPLE WHAT IS TRUTH AND NOT 

3633
02:25:00,458 --> 02:25:02,327
TRUTH RATHER TO HELP PEOPLE 

3634
02:25:02,327 --> 02:25:03,929
UNDERSTAND WHERE THEY CAN GO TO 

3635
02:25:03,929 --> 02:25:05,664
GET RELIABLE INFORMATION TO HAVE

3636
02:25:05,664 --> 02:25:07,132
WHAT THEY NEED TO MAKE THE 

3637
02:25:07,132 --> 02:25:08,600
CHOICES THAT ARE IN FRONT OF 

3638
02:25:08,600 --> 02:25:09,067
THEM.

3639
02:25:09,067 --> 02:25:10,168
LET ME STOP THERE.

3640
02:25:10,168 --> 02:25:12,370
AGAIN, REMINDING YOU OF OUR 

3641
02:25:12,370 --> 02:25:14,839
AMBITION AND OUR INTENT, BUT 

3642
02:25:14,839 --> 02:25:18,410
ALSO THANKING YOU ALL FOR YOUR 

3643
02:25:18,410 --> 02:25:19,044
PARTNERSHIP, PARTICULARLY THE 

3644
02:25:19,044 --> 02:25:22,314
LEADERS OF THE NIH, INCLUDING 

3645
02:25:22,314 --> 02:25:24,382
DR. HODES WHO IS FOLLOWING ME, 

3646
02:25:24,382 --> 02:25:26,718
WHO HAVE BEEN INCREDIBLE 

3647
02:25:26,718 --> 02:25:28,119
PARTNERS WITH THE FNIH AND I 

3648
02:25:28,119 --> 02:25:29,988
HAVE LEARNED SO MUCH AND FEEL 

3649
02:25:29,988 --> 02:25:31,423
VERY GRATEFUL FOR MY OPPORTUNITY

3650
02:25:31,423 --> 02:25:33,525
TO PARTICIPATE WITH ALL OF YOU.

3651
02:25:33,525 --> 02:25:34,960
SO THANK YOU.

3652
02:25:34,960 --> 02:25:39,431
>> OH, JULIE, THANK YOU SO
MUCH.

3653
02:25:39,431 --> 02:25:43,468
I JUST WANT TO SAY MY SLOGAN FOR

3654
02:25:43,468 --> 02:25:46,972
NIH IS THAT OUR JOB IS NOT DONE 

3655
02:25:46,972 --> 02:25:50,008
WHEN WE DELIVER SCIENTIFIC 

3656
02:25:50,008 --> 02:25:50,308
DISCOVERIES.

3657
02:25:50,308 --> 02:25:52,510
OUR WORK IS ONLY DONE WHEN 

3658
02:25:52,510 --> 02:25:54,079
PEOPLE ARE LIVING LONG AND 

3659
02:25:54,079 --> 02:25:55,046
HEALTHY LIVES.

3660
02:25:55,046 --> 02:25:57,515
THE FOUNDATION FOR THE NIH IS 

3661
02:25:57,515 --> 02:25:59,150
OUR MAIN PARTNER IN BEING ABLE 

3662
02:25:59,150 --> 02:26:03,455
TO DO THAT, TO BRIDGE THAT GAP 

3663
02:26:03,455 --> 02:26:06,124
BETWEEN WHAT SCIENCE CAN DELIVER

3664
02:26:06,124 --> 02:26:07,892
AND THEN BUILD THE PARTNERSHIPS 

3665
02:26:07,892 --> 02:26:11,496
AND I LOVE THE WAY YOU SAY IT, 

3666
02:26:11,496 --> 02:26:12,831
PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PERSON 

3667
02:26:12,831 --> 02:26:13,465
PARTNERSHIPS.

3668
02:26:13,465 --> 02:26:15,900
I'M GOING TO USE THAT FOREVER.

3669
02:26:15,900 --> 02:26:19,304
AND TO REALLY CHANGE HEALTH AND 

3670
02:26:19,304 --> 02:26:24,476
DELIVER OUTCOMES THAT MATTER TO 

3671
02:26:24,476 --> 02:26:24,709
PEOPLE.

3672
02:26:24,709 --> 02:26:26,378
YOU'RE AN AMAZING PARTNER.

3673
02:26:26,378 --> 02:26:27,879
IT IS AN INCREDIBLE ORGANIZATION

3674
02:26:27,879 --> 02:26:30,582
AND WE ARE SO GRATEFUL FOR 

3675
02:26:30,582 --> 02:26:31,950
EVERYTHING FNIH DOES.

3676
02:26:31,950 --> 02:26:33,051
NOW WE CAN TAKE SOME QUESTIONS 

3677
02:26:33,051 --> 02:26:33,718
FOR YOU.

3678
02:26:33,718 --> 02:26:34,686
>> OKAY.

3679
02:26:34,686 --> 02:26:37,522
SO LET'S SEE WHO WANTS TO GO 

3680
02:26:37,522 --> 02:26:44,062
FIRST, PLEASE.

3681
02:26:44,062 --> 02:26:44,663
YES.

3682
02:26:44,663 --> 02:26:45,230
RUSS.

3683
02:26:45,230 --> 02:26:47,465
>> SO DR. GERBERDING,
FABULOUS 

3684
02:26:47,465 --> 02:26:49,467
PRESENTATION AND A REMARKABLE 

3685
02:26:49,467 --> 02:26:49,801
ORGANIZATION.

3686
02:26:49,801 --> 02:26:56,841
I KNOW IN OUR WORLD THE 

3687
02:26:56,841 --> 02:26:59,277
RETINITIS PIGMENT DPLS TOS TRIAL

3688
02:26:59,277 --> 02:27:01,346
AND THE REGULATION CAN SLOW 

3689
02:27:01,346 --> 02:27:03,848
THESE THINGS AND IT TAKES A 

3690
02:27:03,848 --> 02:27:05,250
CONSORTIUM TO PUSH FORWARD IN A 

3691
02:27:05,250 --> 02:27:07,419
LOGICAL AND REASONABLE WAY.

3692
02:27:07,419 --> 02:27:12,123
I HAD A QUICK PEEK AT YOUR 990s 

3693
02:27:12,123 --> 02:27:13,058
DURING THE PRESENTATION.

3694
02:27:13,058 --> 02:27:15,226
I GUESS THE QUESTION I HAVE FOR 

3695
02:27:15,226 --> 02:27:17,228
YOU AS AN UNUSUAL 

3696
02:27:17,228 --> 02:27:23,568
CONGRESSIONALLY CHARTERED 501C3,

3697
02:27:23,568 --> 02:27:24,969
SUSTAINABILITY IS A CHALLENGE.

3698
02:27:24,969 --> 02:27:27,539
YOU HAVE A MODERATE CORPUS, 

3699
02:27:27,539 --> 02:27:30,241
ABOUT $200 MILLION AND ABOUT A 

3700
02:27:30,241 --> 02:27:31,743
$60 MILLION A YEAR BUDGET, WHICH

3701
02:27:31,743 --> 02:27:33,144
IS REMARKABLE BECAUSE THE AMOUNT

3702
02:27:33,144 --> 02:27:35,880
OF WORK COMING OUT LOOKS LIKE AN

3703
02:27:35,880 --> 02:27:37,982
INSTITUTE OR CENTER OUTPUT ON A 

3704
02:27:37,982 --> 02:27:39,984
RELATIVELY SMALL BUDGET.

3705
02:27:39,984 --> 02:27:41,352
WHAT'S THE LONG-TERM PLAN FOR 

3706
02:27:41,352 --> 02:27:43,421
SUSTAINABILITY AND CAN YOU TALK 

3707
02:27:43,421 --> 02:27:46,157
A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW SUCCESSES

3708
02:27:46,157 --> 02:27:48,326
MAY FEED BACK FINANCIALLY, FOR 

3709
02:27:48,326 --> 02:27:49,794
EXAMPLE, WHEN THERE ARE LICENSES

3710
02:27:49,794 --> 02:27:51,730
AND ROYALTIES AND THINGS OF THAT

3711
02:27:51,730 --> 02:27:53,198
SORT AND WHAT IT IS GOING TO 

3712
02:27:53,198 --> 02:27:55,066
TAKE TO KEEP THIS VERY VALUABLE 

3713
02:27:55,066 --> 02:27:56,401
ORGANIZATION SUSTAINED?

3714
02:27:56,401 --> 02:27:58,169
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
THAT.

3715
02:27:58,169 --> 02:28:00,138
AND THERE'S A LOT IN YOUR 

3716
02:28:00,138 --> 02:28:00,672
QUESTION.

3717
02:28:00,672 --> 02:28:04,442
SO LET ME FIRST SAY THAT ONE 

3718
02:28:04,442 --> 02:28:07,145
THING FOR THOSE WHO MIGHT NOW BE

3719
02:28:07,145 --> 02:28:10,915
LOOKING AT OUR 990s, IN SOME 

3720
02:28:10,915 --> 02:28:13,251
COLUMNS IT LOOKS LIKE WE HAVE 

3721
02:28:13,251 --> 02:28:14,285
MILLIONS OF DOLLARS.

3722
02:28:14,285 --> 02:28:18,356
BUT ONE FACT IS WHEN WE START A 

3723
02:28:18,356 --> 02:28:21,526
PROJECT AND WE BUILD THE 

3724
02:28:21,526 --> 02:28:23,294
RESERVOIR OF MONEY TO PAY FOR 

3725
02:28:23,294 --> 02:28:25,497
IT, WE GATHER ALL THE MONEY 

3726
02:28:25,497 --> 02:28:27,932
BEFORE THE PROJECT BEGINS SO WE 

3727
02:28:27,932 --> 02:28:30,101
SIT ON A LARGE ROLLING FUND OF 

3728
02:28:30,101 --> 02:28:31,536
MONEY THAT ULTIMATELY GOES OUT 

3729
02:28:31,536 --> 02:28:32,937
TO SUPPORT THOSE INVESTMENTS 

3730
02:28:32,937 --> 02:28:35,507
THAT WE MAKE IN ACADEMIA AND IN 

3731
02:28:35,507 --> 02:28:36,674
OUR OTHER PARTNERS.

3732
02:28:36,674 --> 02:28:38,076
SO THERE IS KIND OF A FALSE 

3733
02:28:38,076 --> 02:28:43,047
SENSE THAT WE HAVE A LARGESS 

3734
02:28:43,047 --> 02:28:45,150
WHEN, IN FACT, WE DO NOT AS YOU 

3735
02:28:45,150 --> 02:28:47,218
HAVE PROPERLY POINTED OUT.

3736
02:28:47,218 --> 02:28:49,854
WE HAVE AN EXTREMELY SMALL 

3737
02:28:49,854 --> 02:28:50,955
ENDOWMENT FOR AN ORGANIZATION OF

3738
02:28:50,955 --> 02:28:52,357
OUR SIZE.

3739
02:28:52,357 --> 02:28:54,192
ONE OF THE FIRST THINGS I 

3740
02:28:54,192 --> 02:28:56,294
REALIZED WHEN I STARTED IS WE 

3741
02:28:56,294 --> 02:28:59,197
NEED TO WORK ON BUILDING OUT OUR

3742
02:28:59,197 --> 02:29:01,166
ENDOWMENT SO WE HAVE MORE 

3743
02:29:01,166 --> 02:29:05,370
SUSTAINABLE OUTLOOK AND THAT 

3744
02:29:05,370 --> 02:29:07,672
MEANS WE'RE ASKING TO DO THAT AT

3745
02:29:07,672 --> 02:29:11,943
A TIME WHEN WE KNOW WE'RE NOT IN

3746
02:29:11,943 --> 02:29:13,912
THE SAME BOAT WE WERE IN 10 

3747
02:29:13,912 --> 02:29:16,281
YEARS AGO WHEN THE LIFE SCIENCE 

3748
02:29:16,281 --> 02:29:17,916
INDUSTRY HAD MONEY TO SPARE.

3749
02:29:17,916 --> 02:29:19,450
THEY ARE ALSO EXPERIENCING 

3750
02:29:19,450 --> 02:29:21,085
CONSTRAINTS ON THEIR RESOURCES.

3751
02:29:21,085 --> 02:29:23,755
SO WE CAN'T KEEP GOING TO THAT 

3752
02:29:23,755 --> 02:29:25,657
WELL AND EXPECTING THEM TO FUND 

3753
02:29:25,657 --> 02:29:26,558
OUR ENDOWMENT.

3754
02:29:26,558 --> 02:29:28,159
WE HAVE TO RAISE THAT MONEY.

3755
02:29:28,159 --> 02:29:32,463
AND THAT MEANS PHILANTHROPY.

3756
02:29:32,463 --> 02:29:34,332
WE ARE OPERATING IN A WORLD 

3757
02:29:34,332 --> 02:29:36,434
WHERE THERE ARE INCREASING 

3758
02:29:36,434 --> 02:29:39,404
DOLLARS AVAILABLE FOR 

3759
02:29:39,404 --> 02:29:39,737
PHILANTHROPY.

3760
02:29:39,737 --> 02:29:41,806
WE HAVE TO SHOW THE VALUE OF 

3761
02:29:41,806 --> 02:29:43,775
THAT INVESTMENT, THAT WE ARE 

3762
02:29:43,775 --> 02:29:46,277
APPEALING TO PEOPLE WHO REALLY 

3763
02:29:46,277 --> 02:29:49,514
CARE ABOUT MEDICAL RESEARCH IN 

3764
02:29:49,514 --> 02:29:51,182
SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC AREAS AND 

3765
02:29:51,182 --> 02:29:52,317
PEOPLE WHO UNDERSTAND THE LONG 

3766
02:29:52,317 --> 02:29:53,284
GAME OF SCIENCE.

3767
02:29:53,284 --> 02:29:55,019
HAVING SAID THAT, WE HAVE A 

3768
02:29:55,019 --> 02:29:57,255
GREAT STORY TO TELL BECAUSE WHO 

3769
02:29:57,255 --> 02:29:58,490
ELSE BRINGS TOGETHER THE 

3770
02:29:58,490 --> 02:30:01,092
SMARTEST PEOPLE AT THE NIH WITH 

3771
02:30:01,092 --> 02:30:06,164
THE SMARTEST PEOPLE IN INDUSTRY 

3772
02:30:06,164 --> 02:30:12,904
AND IN INDUSTRY AND THE PATIENT 

3773
02:30:12,904 --> 02:30:16,040
COMMUNITY TOGETHER?

3774
02:30:16,040 --> 02:30:18,009
THE PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS 

3775
02:30:18,009 --> 02:30:21,512
MATTERS AND WE HAVE CREATED A 

3776
02:30:21,512 --> 02:30:26,251
KOR -- CONSORTIUM OF PEOPLE.

3777
02:30:26,251 --> 02:30:29,654
IT IS FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE 

3778
02:30:29,654 --> 02:30:31,422
SOPHISTICATED BIOSCIENCE WHY 

3779
02:30:31,422 --> 02:30:32,957
THIS WOULD BE A WONDERFUL 

3780
02:30:32,957 --> 02:30:35,560
CONTRIBUTION TO MAKE TO OUR 

3781
02:30:35,560 --> 02:30:37,495
BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ENTERPRISE.

3782
02:30:37,495 --> 02:30:38,663
ONE PARTICULAR AREA OF APPEAL 

3783
02:30:38,663 --> 02:30:41,332
I'M WORKING ON FRAMING IS THE 

3784
02:30:41,332 --> 02:30:43,134
IMPORTANCE OF SUPPORTING 

3785
02:30:43,134 --> 02:30:45,069
EMERGING SCIENTISTS, HENCE THE 

3786
02:30:45,069 --> 02:30:46,871
PRIZES I MENTIONED EARLIER, BUT 

3787
02:30:46,871 --> 02:30:51,276
OUR SCIENTISTS ARE STRUGGLING IN

3788
02:30:51,276 --> 02:30:52,477
ACADEMIA FOR SUPPORT, 

3789
02:30:52,477 --> 02:30:54,412
PARTICULARLY POST DOCS AND THE 

3790
02:30:54,412 --> 02:30:56,114
MORE JUNIOR SCIENTISTS WORKING 

3791
02:30:56,114 --> 02:30:58,216
THEIR WAY UP THE ACADEMIC 

3792
02:30:58,216 --> 02:30:58,449
LADDER.

3793
02:30:58,449 --> 02:31:00,985
WE REALLY WANT TO BE ABLE TO 

3794
02:31:00,985 --> 02:31:03,187
BRING THEM INTO THE FOLD OF TEAM

3795
02:31:03,187 --> 02:31:05,056
SCIENCE AND HELP THEM GET 

3796
02:31:05,056 --> 02:31:06,624
LAUNCHED IN THEIR CAREER.

3797
02:31:06,624 --> 02:31:08,493
SO MUCH TO SAY ABOUT THE LONG --

3798
02:31:08,493 --> 02:31:10,795
I WOULD LOVE TO TALK WITH YOU 

3799
02:31:10,795 --> 02:31:11,930
OFFLINE IF YOU ARE INTERESTED 

3800
02:31:11,930 --> 02:31:13,364
BECAUSE WE ARE TRYING TO THINK 

3801
02:31:13,364 --> 02:31:14,465
THROUGH THIS.

3802
02:31:14,465 --> 02:31:19,904
ONE OTHER QUICK THING ABOUT THE 

3803
02:31:19,904 --> 02:31:23,474
VALUE OF THE IP OR THE 

3804
02:31:23,474 --> 02:31:24,776
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY THAT WE 

3805
02:31:24,776 --> 02:31:27,345
MAY CREATE OR BE PRIVY TO, WE 

3806
02:31:27,345 --> 02:31:30,415
ARE EXPLORING AND HAVE BOARD 

3807
02:31:30,415 --> 02:31:32,717
APPROVAL FROM FNIH TO EXPLORE 

3808
02:31:32,717 --> 02:31:35,453
THE FEASIBILITY OF A VENTURE 

3809
02:31:35,453 --> 02:31:35,653
FUND.

3810
02:31:35,653 --> 02:31:36,688
MANY NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS 

3811
02:31:36,688 --> 02:31:39,023
HAVE CREATED VENTURE FUNDS THAT 

3812
02:31:39,023 --> 02:31:48,366
ARE EITHER BASED ON VENTURE 

3813
02:31:48,366 --> 02:31:51,102
PHILANTHROPY OR TRUE VENTURE.

3814
02:31:51,102 --> 02:31:57,375
IS THERE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

3815
02:31:57,375 --> 02:32:02,080
NOT BEING EXPOSED.

3816
02:32:02,080 --> 02:32:03,982
EARLY DAS.

3817
02:32:03,982 --> 02:32:06,617
NOT SURE HOW IT WILL PLAY OUT 

3818
02:32:06,617 --> 02:32:09,120
BUT WE ARE EXPLORES THAT 

3819
02:32:09,120 --> 02:32:09,454
OPPORTUNITY.

3820
02:32:09,454 --> 02:32:10,021
>> THANK YOU.

3821
02:32:10,021 --> 02:32:11,155
MARK, YOU ARE NEXT.

3822
02:32:11,155 --> 02:32:12,924
>> HI, EVERYONE.

3823
02:32:12,924 --> 02:32:16,361
I'M NEW TO THE COUNCIL AND I WAS

3824
02:32:16,361 --> 02:32:18,096
TRAVELING ALL DAY YESTERDAY FROM

3825
02:32:18,096 --> 02:32:18,329
DENMARK.

3826
02:32:18,329 --> 02:32:23,334
I'M AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 

3827
02:32:23,334 --> 02:32:24,369
VERMONT.

3828
02:32:24,369 --> 02:32:26,971
I LOVE THE INITIATIVE HERE.

3829
02:32:26,971 --> 02:32:29,007
I WAS JUST GOING TO SUGGEST 

3830
02:32:29,007 --> 02:32:31,042
SOMETHING BASED ON WHAT WE DO.

3831
02:32:31,042 --> 02:32:36,481
WE HAVE SUPPORT FROM THE LADUKE 

3832
02:32:36,481 --> 02:32:40,184
FOUNDATION FOR CARDIOVASCULAR 

3833
02:32:40,184 --> 02:32:42,987
AND NEURAL VASCULAR OF 

3834
02:32:42,987 --> 02:32:43,287
EXCELLENCE.

3835
02:32:43,287 --> 02:32:45,556
THEY HAVE A BROAD VIEW IN 

3836
02:32:45,556 --> 02:32:46,858
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

3837
02:32:46,858 --> 02:32:53,197
THEY FUND ABOUT FOURNET NETWORKO

3838
02:32:53,197 --> 02:32:55,299
THE TUNE OF $8 MILLION A YEAR 

3839
02:32:55,299 --> 02:32:55,967
FOR EACH NETWORK.

3840
02:32:55,967 --> 02:32:58,269
HAVING TALKED TO THEM AND HAVING

3841
02:32:58,269 --> 02:33:00,204
DEVELOPED SOME THINGS, THEY HAVE

3842
02:33:00,204 --> 02:33:03,007
AN ASTUTE VENTURE CAPITAL ARM 

3843
02:33:03,007 --> 02:33:07,412
AND IT IS FOCUSED, WHAT WE ARE 

3844
02:33:07,412 --> 02:33:11,582
INVOLVED IN ARE RARE MONOGENIC 

3845
02:33:11,582 --> 02:33:12,950
CAUSES OF SMALL DISEASE OF THE 

3846
02:33:12,950 --> 02:33:16,521
BRAIN WITH THE IDEA THIS WOULD 

3847
02:33:16,521 --> 02:33:21,392
HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR GREATER 

3848
02:33:21,392 --> 02:33:23,061
DEMENTIA AND THEIR VIEW IS THE 

3849
02:33:23,061 --> 02:33:24,395
RARE DISEASE, YOU ARE ALREADY 

3850
02:33:24,395 --> 02:33:25,163
DOING THIS.

3851
02:33:25,163 --> 02:33:28,132
THE RARE DISEASES GIVE YOU A 

3852
02:33:28,132 --> 02:33:29,700
WINDOW INTO THE MORE COMMON 

3853
02:33:29,700 --> 02:33:30,034
ONES.

3854
02:33:30,034 --> 02:33:32,303
THEY ARE REALLY INTERESTED IN 

3855
02:33:32,303 --> 02:33:33,271
DEVELOPING DRUGS AND THERAPIES 

3856
02:33:33,271 --> 02:33:35,306
FOR THE RARE ONES WITH THE HOPE 

3857
02:33:35,306 --> 02:33:37,008
THAT THEY WILL BE ABLE TO SPREAD

3858
02:33:37,008 --> 02:33:42,680
IT OUT TO A BROADER DISEASE 

3859
02:33:42,680 --> 02:33:43,181
PROFILE.

3860
02:33:43,181 --> 02:33:48,286
SO ONE OF THE MAJOR ONES CALLED 

3861
02:33:48,286 --> 02:33:55,193
CADACIL, A MONOGENETIC, IT IS 

3862
02:33:55,193 --> 02:33:56,561
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT.

3863
02:33:56,561 --> 02:33:59,897
IT IS YOUNG PEOPLE AND YOU CAN 

3864
02:33:59,897 --> 02:34:01,332
IDENTIFY THEM.

3865
02:34:01,332 --> 02:34:05,503
BUT AGAIN IT IS PROBABLY THE 

3866
02:34:05,503 --> 02:34:07,705
GENE MUTATION IS PROBABLY MORE 

3867
02:34:07,705 --> 02:34:09,874
COMMON WITH PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA

3868
02:34:09,874 --> 02:34:11,642
AND SMALL VESSEL DISEASE.

3869
02:34:11,642 --> 02:34:14,545
I WOULD SUGGEST OPENING IT UP TO

3870
02:34:14,545 --> 02:34:18,583
BRAIN DISEASES TO HIT DEMENTIA.

3871
02:34:18,583 --> 02:34:21,319
GO FOR THE GENETIC ONES FIRST 

3872
02:34:21,319 --> 02:34:23,588
WITH THE IDEA YOU COULD LOOK AT 

3873
02:34:23,588 --> 02:34:31,696
A BROADER SPECTRUM OF THE 

3874
02:34:31,696 --> 02:34:32,730
DISORDERS THAT CAUSE.

3875
02:34:32,730 --> 02:34:34,632
I GOT A COLD ON THE PLANE.

3876
02:34:34,632 --> 02:34:34,999
NO COVID.

3877
02:34:34,999 --> 02:34:36,968
>> THANK YOU FOR THE LEAD.

3878
02:34:36,968 --> 02:34:39,170
I'M NOT FAMILIAR WITH BROAD VIEW

3879
02:34:39,170 --> 02:34:40,905
AND THIS SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING 

3880
02:34:40,905 --> 02:34:43,141
THAT COULD BE AN IMPORTANT 

3881
02:34:43,141 --> 02:34:43,574
CONVERSATION.

3882
02:34:43,574 --> 02:34:45,443
THANK YOU.

3883
02:34:45,443 --> 02:34:51,249
>> HOOK UP THE LEDUCQ 

3884
02:34:51,249 --> 02:34:51,649
FOUNDATION.

3885
02:34:51,649 --> 02:34:53,351
THEY ARE PROBABLY WORTH $1 

3886
02:34:53,351 --> 02:34:53,584
BILLION.

3887
02:34:53,584 --> 02:34:56,687
THE BEAUTY OF THAT IS THEY ARE 

3888
02:34:56,687 --> 02:34:59,123
BIG ON YOUNG INVESTIGATORS, BUT 

3889
02:34:59,123 --> 02:35:00,224
NOT JUST YOUNG INVESTIGATORS IN 

3890
02:35:00,224 --> 02:35:01,359
THE UNITED STATES AND NORTH 

3891
02:35:01,359 --> 02:35:03,895
AMERICA, BUT IN EUROPE, TOO.

3892
02:35:03,895 --> 02:35:06,130
WHEN PEOPLE IN MY LAB GET TO 

3893
02:35:06,130 --> 02:35:07,632
MAKE CONTACTS AND COLLABORATE 

3894
02:35:07,632 --> 02:35:09,667
WITH PEOPLE IN GERMANY, FRANCE 

3895
02:35:09,667 --> 02:35:11,302
AND SWEDEN.

3896
02:35:11,302 --> 02:35:13,104
THAT BROADENS THE RICHNESS OF 

3897
02:35:13,104 --> 02:35:14,739
THE SCIENCE FOR THE YOUNG 

3898
02:35:14,739 --> 02:35:15,072
INVESTIGATORS.

3899
02:35:15,072 --> 02:35:15,907
>> ABSOLUTELY.

3900
02:35:15,907 --> 02:35:16,674
THANK YOU.

3901
02:35:16,674 --> 02:35:19,410
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.

3902
02:35:19,410 --> 02:35:20,511
OTHER COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS?

3903
02:35:20,511 --> 02:35:23,080
WE ARE GETTING NEAR THE TIME WE 

3904
02:35:23,080 --> 02:35:25,516
HAVE TO ALLOW DR. GERBERDING TO 

3905
02:35:25,516 --> 02:35:27,084
GET ON THE PLANE SHE IS GOING TO

3906
02:35:27,084 --> 02:35:31,589
BE CATCHING SHORTLY.

3907
02:35:31,589 --> 02:35:32,156
OKAY.

3908
02:35:32,156 --> 02:35:33,991
I'M NOT SEEING ANYBODY ELSE.

3909
02:35:33,991 --> 02:35:35,226
JULIE, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

3910
02:35:35,226 --> 02:35:36,127
MONICA, BACK TO YOU.

3911
02:35:36,127 --> 02:35:38,629
>> YEAH, THANKS, JULIE.

3912
02:35:38,629 --> 02:35:39,564
SAFE TRAVELS.

3913
02:35:39,564 --> 02:35:41,199
>> THANK YOU.

3914
02:35:41,199 --> 02:35:41,532
BYE-BYE.

3915
02:35:41,532 --> 02:35:41,799
THANK YOU.

3916
02:35:41,799 --> 02:35:45,403
>> WE ARE GOING TO HAVE
ANOTHER 

3917
02:35:45,403 --> 02:35:46,871
UPDATE AND DR. NELSON I THINK 

3918
02:35:46,871 --> 02:35:49,340
YOU MIGHT BE INTERESTED IN THIS.

3919
02:35:49,340 --> 02:35:53,010
THIS IS AN UPDATE FROM 

3920
02:35:53,010 --> 02:35:55,046
ACCELERATING MEDICINES.

3921
02:35:55,046 --> 02:35:56,681
ON THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AMP 

3922
02:35:56,681 --> 02:35:57,348
FOR ALZHEIMER'S.

3923
02:35:57,348 --> 02:35:59,550
I AM GOING TO TURN IT OVER TO 

3924
02:35:59,550 --> 02:36:02,053
DR. RICHARD HODES, THE NATIONAL 

3925
02:36:02,053 --> 02:36:02,687
INSTITUTE OF AGING TO PRESENT 

3926
02:36:02,687 --> 02:36:06,257
THIS AMP.

3927
02:36:06,257 --> 02:36:07,225
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR
THE 

3928
02:36:07,225 --> 02:36:08,259
CHANCE TO BE HERE.

3929
02:36:08,259 --> 02:36:10,494
IT IS GREAT TO BE FOLLOWING 

3930
02:36:10,494 --> 02:36:10,695
JULIE.

3931
02:36:10,695 --> 02:36:11,863
I WOULD LIKE TO TAKE THIS TIME 

3932
02:36:11,863 --> 02:36:15,900
TO RELATE TO YOU THE PROGRESS 

3933
02:36:15,900 --> 02:36:17,401
THAT HAS BEEN MADE IN 

3934
02:36:17,401 --> 02:36:18,469
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE WHERE AMPS 

3935
02:36:18,469 --> 02:36:23,507
ARE A VERY IMPORTANT PART OF 

3936
02:36:23,507 --> 02:36:23,708
THAT.

3937
02:36:23,708 --> 02:36:27,011
JUST BY A BIT OF HISTORY, AN 

3938
02:36:27,011 --> 02:36:28,546
IMPORTANT JUNCTURE IN 

3939
02:36:28,546 --> 02:36:29,180
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH 

3940
02:36:29,180 --> 02:36:31,349
CAME WITH PASSAGE OF A NATIONAL 

3941
02:36:31,349 --> 02:36:33,150
PLAN AND PROJECT ACT FIRST IN 

3942
02:36:33,150 --> 02:36:35,086
2011 AND RE-AUTHORIZED WHICH 

3943
02:36:35,086 --> 02:36:37,521
CALLED FOR A NATIONAL PLAN WITH 

3944
02:36:37,521 --> 02:36:39,557
NIH PLAYING THE LEAD ROLE IN THE

3945
02:36:39,557 --> 02:36:45,529
RESEARCH PART OF THAT, RISK 

3946
02:36:45,529 --> 02:36:46,631
REDUCTION TREATMENT, CARE, 

3947
02:36:46,631 --> 02:36:52,403
SUPPORT AND PUBLIC AWARENESS.

3948
02:36:52,403 --> 02:36:53,571
DRAMATICALLY THIS IS TRANSLATED 

3949
02:36:53,571 --> 02:36:55,573
INTO THE INCREASE OF NIH 

3950
02:36:55,573 --> 02:36:57,508
SPENDING OR FUNDING FOR 

3951
02:36:57,508 --> 02:36:58,843
ALZHEIMER'S AND RELATED 

3952
02:36:58,843 --> 02:37:02,046
DEMENTIAS IN THE YEARS FROM 2015

3953
02:37:02,046 --> 02:37:03,114
TO 2023.

3954
02:37:03,114 --> 02:37:05,549
THAT IS THE LAST YEAR WE HAVE 

3955
02:37:05,549 --> 02:37:10,388
COMPLETE DATA DRAMATIC SIX FOLD 

3956
02:37:10,388 --> 02:37:11,589
INCREASE IN THAT FUNDING.

3957
02:37:11,589 --> 02:37:13,524
IT IS IMPORTANT IT REFLECTS THE 

3958
02:37:13,524 --> 02:37:15,192
IMPORTANCE PLACED BY THE PUBLIC 

3959
02:37:15,192 --> 02:37:17,161
IN A VERY BIPARTISAN WAY IN 

3960
02:37:17,161 --> 02:37:19,563
RESEARCH IN THIS AREA.

3961
02:37:19,563 --> 02:37:25,269
IT CREATES AN IMPORTANCE 

3962
02:37:25,269 --> 02:37:26,404
RESPONSIBILITY TO USE THESE 

3963
02:37:26,404 --> 02:37:29,440
RESOURCES TOWARD INTENDED AIMS 

3964
02:37:29,440 --> 02:37:31,142
IN PURSUIT OF TREATMENT OF THIS 

3965
02:37:31,142 --> 02:37:32,677
DEVASTATING DISEASE.

3966
02:37:32,677 --> 02:37:33,511
FORTUNATELY, THE RESEARCH 

3967
02:37:33,511 --> 02:37:35,446
OPPORTUNITIES AND SCIENCE HAVE 

3968
02:37:35,446 --> 02:37:36,881
REGRESSED AT A PACE WHICH IS 

3969
02:37:36,881 --> 02:37:38,549
WELL POSITIONED TO TAKE 

3970
02:37:38,549 --> 02:37:39,450
ADVANTAGE OF THESE RESOURCES.

3971
02:37:39,450 --> 02:37:41,152
THIS IS GOING TO BE THE THEME OF

3972
02:37:41,152 --> 02:37:43,220
A LOT OF WHAT I WILL TALK ABOUT.

3973
02:37:43,220 --> 02:37:46,324
WHERE WE HAVE COME FROM 2015, 

3974
02:37:46,324 --> 02:37:49,427
WHAT WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO AND TO

3975
02:37:49,427 --> 02:37:51,862
THE PRESENT TIME.

3976
02:37:51,862 --> 02:37:55,232
ONE OF THE COMMITMENTS AS WE'VE 

3977
02:37:55,232 --> 02:37:57,501
UTILIZED THE INCREASE FUNDING 

3978
02:37:57,501 --> 02:37:58,469
FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH

3979
02:37:58,469 --> 02:38:00,604
HAS BEEN TO MAKE SURE WE TOOK 

3980
02:38:00,604 --> 02:38:02,406
ADVANTAGE OF ALL PERSPECTIVES 

3981
02:38:02,406 --> 02:38:03,307
AND OPPORTUNITIES.

3982
02:38:03,307 --> 02:38:05,242
SO ALTHOUGH THE APPROPRIATIONS 

3983
02:38:05,242 --> 02:38:07,712
HAVE LARGELY COME THROUGH THE 

3984
02:38:07,712 --> 02:38:10,081
NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING AND 

3985
02:38:10,081 --> 02:38:12,149
NINDS, FROM THE BEGINNING WE 

3986
02:38:12,149 --> 02:38:13,951
USED THOSE FUNDS TO SUPPORT 

3987
02:38:13,951 --> 02:38:15,052
RESEARCH WHEREVER BEST CAN BE 

3988
02:38:15,052 --> 02:38:15,353
DONE.

3989
02:38:15,353 --> 02:38:17,521
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF ONE OF 

3990
02:38:17,521 --> 02:38:18,389
THOSE PROGRAMS.

3991
02:38:18,389 --> 02:38:19,590
GIVING ADMINISTRATIVE 

3992
02:38:19,590 --> 02:38:21,092
SUPPLEMENTS TO GRANTS WHICH ARE 

3993
02:38:21,092 --> 02:38:23,327
NOT TARGETING ALZHEIMER'S 

3994
02:38:23,327 --> 02:38:25,062
RELATED DEMENTIA, BUT THE 

3995
02:38:25,062 --> 02:38:26,364
SUPPLEMENT ALLOWS INVESTIGATORS 

3996
02:38:26,364 --> 02:38:29,500
WITH GREAT TALENTS, ABILITIES 

3997
02:38:29,500 --> 02:38:32,436
AND INSIGHTS IN OTHER AREAS TO 

3998
02:38:32,436 --> 02:38:33,838
MOVE INTO THIS FIELD.

3999
02:38:33,838 --> 02:38:37,208
THE YEAR 2023, THE NUMBER OF 

4000
02:38:37,208 --> 02:38:39,076
SUPPLEMENTS THAT WERE GIVEN, 

4001
02:38:39,076 --> 02:38:41,912
NIA, 35, 35 OF THE 204 

4002
02:38:41,912 --> 02:38:43,414
ESSENTIALLY ALL OF THE 

4003
02:38:43,414 --> 02:38:46,851
INSTITUTES AND CENTERS, THE 

4004
02:38:46,851 --> 02:38:47,818
GENIUS OF THOSE INVESTIGATORS 

4005
02:38:47,818 --> 02:38:48,786
HAVE BEEN BROUGHT INTO THE FOLD 

4006
02:38:48,786 --> 02:38:50,888
TO JOIN THE EFFORTS TARGETING 

4007
02:38:50,888 --> 02:38:55,092
ALZHEIMER'S RELATED DEMENTIAS.

4008
02:38:55,092 --> 02:38:58,129
SO ALSO IN TERMS OF BEING 

4009
02:38:58,129 --> 02:38:58,429
RESPONSIBLE.

4010
02:38:58,429 --> 02:39:01,032
THIS INCREASING SET OF 

4011
02:39:01,032 --> 02:39:01,599
RESOURCES.

4012
02:39:01,599 --> 02:39:05,302
WE'VE EMBARKED ON A VERY 

4013
02:39:05,302 --> 02:39:07,605
EXPLICIT AND TRANSPARENT FORMULA

4014
02:39:07,605 --> 02:39:08,973
FOR GENERATING OUR PRIORITIES.

4015
02:39:08,973 --> 02:39:10,975
THEY BEGIN WITH THE USUAL SETS 

4016
02:39:10,975 --> 02:39:12,476
OF CONTACTS WITH MULTIPLE 

4017
02:39:12,476 --> 02:39:12,743
MEETINGS.

4018
02:39:12,743 --> 02:39:15,546
IN THIS CASE WITH ANNUAL SUMMITS

4019
02:39:15,546 --> 02:39:16,147
AS WELL.

4020
02:39:16,147 --> 02:39:17,415
NATIONAL ACADEMIES REPORTS.

4021
02:39:17,415 --> 02:39:20,751
ALL OF THIS HAS GONE INTO THE 

4022
02:39:20,751 --> 02:39:24,488
FORMATION OF A LIST OF 

4023
02:39:24,488 --> 02:39:25,589
MILESTONES WHICH LAY OUT THE 

4024
02:39:25,589 --> 02:39:26,891
SPECIFIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS NEEDED 

4025
02:39:26,891 --> 02:39:29,226
TO PURSUE THE GOALS, 

4026
02:39:29,226 --> 02:39:30,828
OPPORTUNITIES, THAT HAVE COME AS

4027
02:39:30,828 --> 02:39:33,764
A RESULT OF THE WIDE BROAD 

4028
02:39:33,764 --> 02:39:35,699
INCLUSIVE AND TRANSPARENT INPUTS

4029
02:39:35,699 --> 02:39:37,168
FROM RESEARCH COMMUNITIES 

4030
02:39:37,168 --> 02:39:39,470
ADVOCATES AND THOSE LIVING WITH 

4031
02:39:39,470 --> 02:39:43,407
ALZHEIMER'S RELATED DEMENTIAS.

4032
02:39:43,407 --> 02:39:45,309
THE RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION 

4033
02:39:45,309 --> 02:39:47,111
MILESTONES ARE IN BROAD 

4034
02:39:47,111 --> 02:39:48,379
CATEGORIES THAT FOLLOW TO THE 

4035
02:39:48,379 --> 02:39:50,948
GOALS SET IN THE PLAN, 

4036
02:39:50,948 --> 02:39:53,484
EPIDEMIOLOGY, DISEASE 

4037
02:39:53,484 --> 02:39:54,084
MECHANISMS, DIAGNOSIS, 

4038
02:39:54,084 --> 02:39:57,521
TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL 

4039
02:39:57,521 --> 02:39:57,855
INTERVENTIONS.

4040
02:39:57,855 --> 02:39:59,757
DEMENTIA CARE, EQUALLY IMPORTANT

4041
02:39:59,757 --> 02:40:05,529
FOR THOSE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA, 

4042
02:40:05,529 --> 02:40:07,264
RESEARCH RESOURCES AND THERE ARE

4043
02:40:07,264 --> 02:40:09,533
TWO REPORTS I NOTE HERE FOR YOUR

4044
02:40:09,533 --> 02:40:11,402
INTEREST, ONE IS THAT EACH YEAR 

4045
02:40:11,402 --> 02:40:13,771
AS A PART OF THE NATIONAL PLAN 

4046
02:40:13,771 --> 02:40:15,406
AND CONGRESSIONAL REQUIREMENT, 

4047
02:40:15,406 --> 02:40:19,643
NIH, THE NIH DIRECTOR PUTS 

4048
02:40:19,643 --> 02:40:23,547
FARTHER A BUDGET OUTLINING TO 

4049
02:40:23,547 --> 02:40:24,949
ACCOMPLISH THE GOALS OF THE 

4050
02:40:24,949 --> 02:40:25,216
PLAN.

4051
02:40:25,216 --> 02:40:27,318
THE OTHER THING WE DO EACH-YEAR 

4052
02:40:27,318 --> 02:40:28,619
IS PROVIDE A PROGRESS REPORT 

4053
02:40:28,619 --> 02:40:31,255
ILLUSTRATING AND SUMMARIZING 

4054
02:40:31,255 --> 02:40:33,557
PROGRESS IN THESE AREAS EACH 

4055
02:40:33,557 --> 02:40:38,329
YEAR.

4056
02:40:38,329 --> 02:40:40,531
A LOOK AT THE INFRASTRUCTURE TO 

4057
02:40:40,531 --> 02:40:41,398
BUILD RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES 

4058
02:40:41,398 --> 02:40:44,568
WITH THE MATURATION OF SCIENCE 

4059
02:40:44,568 --> 02:40:45,536
AND RESOURCES THAT HAVE BECOME 

4060
02:40:45,536 --> 02:40:47,605
AVAILABLE.

4061
02:40:47,605 --> 02:40:51,475
AROUND A FRAMEWORK, SO THE 

4062
02:40:51,475 --> 02:40:52,376
DETERMINANTS FOR THE ALZHEIMER'S

4063
02:40:52,376 --> 02:40:55,379
AND RELATED DEMENTIAS CLEARLY 

4064
02:40:55,379 --> 02:40:56,280
GENE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS 

4065
02:40:56,280 --> 02:40:58,382
THAT WE ARE USED TO, BUT ALSO 

4066
02:40:58,382 --> 02:41:00,484
MAKE A NOTE OF AGING AS A 

4067
02:41:00,484 --> 02:41:01,652
VARIABLE.

4068
02:41:01,652 --> 02:41:03,988
CLEARLY AGING IS THE MOST 

4069
02:41:03,988 --> 02:41:05,890
IMPORTANT RISK FACTOR FOR 

4070
02:41:05,890 --> 02:41:07,658
ALZHEIMER'S RELATED DEMENTIAS 

4071
02:41:07,658 --> 02:41:11,061
AND THE NORMATIVE PROCESSES OF 

4072
02:41:11,061 --> 02:41:12,796
AGING HAVE BECOME AN IMPORTANT 

4073
02:41:12,796 --> 02:41:14,632
COMPONENT OF THESE OVERLAPPING 

4074
02:41:14,632 --> 02:41:15,900
THEN DETERMINE NAPTS OF WHAT 

4075
02:41:15,900 --> 02:41:18,135
ULTIMATELY LEADS YOU TO 

4076
02:41:18,135 --> 02:41:20,170
PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL 

4077
02:41:20,170 --> 02:41:21,238
MANIFESTATIONS OF ALZHEIMER'S 

4078
02:41:21,238 --> 02:41:25,543
AND RELATED DEMENTIAS.

4079
02:41:25,543 --> 02:41:28,712
SO INFRASTRUCTURE IS IMPORTANT.

4080
02:41:28,712 --> 02:41:30,347
JUST AS WE HAVE BEEN 

4081
02:41:30,347 --> 02:41:31,682
EXPERIENCING THE INPUT FROM 

4082
02:41:31,682 --> 02:41:33,083
INDIVIDUAL INVESTIGATORS, A LOT 

4083
02:41:33,083 --> 02:41:34,985
OF WHAT YOU HAVE HEARD FROM 

4084
02:41:34,985 --> 02:41:36,120
JULIE IN THE LAST CONVERSATION 

4085
02:41:36,120 --> 02:41:37,488
HAS BEEN RELEVANT HERE.

4086
02:41:37,488 --> 02:41:39,623
TRYING TO FACILITATE THE 

4087
02:41:39,623 --> 02:41:42,126
FORMULATION OF MEANS, TEAMS AND 

4088
02:41:42,126 --> 02:41:44,461
AS SEAMLESS WAY AS POSSIBLE TO 

4089
02:41:44,461 --> 02:41:47,298
PROVIDE A PIPELINE FOR 

4090
02:41:47,298 --> 02:41:49,300
TRANSLATION FOR BASIC DISCOVERY.

4091
02:41:49,300 --> 02:41:52,570
BEGINNING WITH EARLY TARGET 

4092
02:41:52,570 --> 02:41:53,537
IDENTIFICATION.

4093
02:41:53,537 --> 02:41:55,639
THE EARLY DAYS OF AMP THROUGH 

4094
02:41:55,639 --> 02:41:59,043
DEVELOPING ASSAYS SCREENING FOR 

4095
02:41:59,043 --> 02:42:00,644
THE TARGETS VALID PROOF OF 

4096
02:42:00,644 --> 02:42:02,980
CONCEPT AND PRECLINICAL AND 

4097
02:42:02,980 --> 02:42:04,381
CLINICAL TRIALS.

4098
02:42:04,381 --> 02:42:07,651
WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ESTABLISH 

4099
02:42:07,651 --> 02:42:09,553
CENTERS BUILT ON A PARADIGM OF 

4100
02:42:09,553 --> 02:42:12,256
OPEN SCIENCE, CONTRIBUTIONS BY 

4101
02:42:12,256 --> 02:42:13,524
MULTIPLE GROUPS TO COMMON DATA 

4102
02:42:13,524 --> 02:42:16,460
BASES, PORTALS WHICH ALLOW THE 

4103
02:42:16,460 --> 02:42:18,095
UTILIZATION OF THESE DATA AND 

4104
02:42:18,095 --> 02:42:19,296
OPTIMIZED APPLICATION TO THE R 

4105
02:42:19,296 --> 02:42:21,532
IMPORTANT GOALS AND PROJECTS AT 

4106
02:42:21,532 --> 02:42:25,135
HAND.

4107
02:42:25,135 --> 02:42:27,838
AS AN ILLUSTRATION HERE, THE 

4108
02:42:27,838 --> 02:42:29,974
SYSTEMS BASED APPROACH TO 

4109
02:42:29,974 --> 02:42:31,742
DECONSTRUCTING DISEASE.

4110
02:42:31,742 --> 02:42:33,544
ALZHEIMER'S ORIGINALLY DEFINED 

4111
02:42:33,544 --> 02:42:35,579
BY PLAQUES AND TANGLES IS 

4112
02:42:35,579 --> 02:42:37,915
CLEARLY IN THE CLINICAL 

4113
02:42:37,915 --> 02:42:40,284
MANIFESTATIONS A FAR MORE 

4114
02:42:40,284 --> 02:42:42,252
COMPLEX DISEASE IN UNDERLYING 

4115
02:42:42,252 --> 02:42:44,922
PATHOLOGIES AND PROCESSES.

4116
02:42:44,922 --> 02:42:47,992
AMP AD, WE WILL TALK ABOUT IN 

4117
02:42:47,992 --> 02:42:51,528
MORE DETAIL, EQUAL ENTERPRISES 

4118
02:42:51,528 --> 02:42:57,468
TO LOOK AT THE VASCULAR DISEASE 

4119
02:42:57,468 --> 02:42:59,503
AND RESILIENCE AND 

4120
02:42:59,503 --> 02:42:59,937
NEUROPSYCHOSYMPTOMS.

4121
02:42:59,937 --> 02:43:02,773
SMALL IN THE MIDDLE THE AD 

4122
02:43:02,773 --> 02:43:04,742
KNOWLEDGE PORTAL, EMBLEMATIC OF 

4123
02:43:04,742 --> 02:43:08,379
HOW WE HAVE BUILT A COMMON 

4124
02:43:08,379 --> 02:43:09,747
PORTAL TO RESOURCES TO POSITIVE 

4125
02:43:09,747 --> 02:43:11,682
DATA MAKING IT AVAILABLE TO THE 

4126
02:43:11,682 --> 02:43:12,816
ENTIRE RESEARCH COMMUNITY.

4127
02:43:12,816 --> 02:43:14,952
I WANT TO POINT OUT HERE THE 

4128
02:43:14,952 --> 02:43:17,087
VERY IMPORTANT EVOLUTION, I 

4129
02:43:17,087 --> 02:43:18,589
THINK WE'VE SEEN IN THE 

4130
02:43:18,589 --> 02:43:21,492
SOCIALIZATION AND ATTITUDES OF 

4131
02:43:21,492 --> 02:43:21,825
INVESTIGATORS.

4132
02:43:21,825 --> 02:43:24,528
MOVING FROM AS JULIE REFERRED TO

4133
02:43:24,528 --> 02:43:26,864
AS WELL THE SINGLE LAB AIMED AT 

4134
02:43:26,864 --> 02:43:28,332
GETTING ITS RESEARCH PUBLISHED 

4135
02:43:28,332 --> 02:43:31,335
TO A DRAMATIC AND RAPID 

4136
02:43:31,335 --> 02:43:33,237
EVOLUTION OF THE STAGE OF 

4137
02:43:33,237 --> 02:43:34,138
APPRECIATING THE ADVANTAGE THAT 

4138
02:43:34,138 --> 02:43:36,907
COMES FROM POOLING DATA AND 

4139
02:43:36,907 --> 02:43:37,574
MAXIMIZING THAT.

4140
02:43:37,574 --> 02:43:41,545
AMP AD GOT TO THE POINT WHERE 

4141
02:43:41,545 --> 02:43:43,047
THE MAJORITY OF TRACK IMPORTANT 

4142
02:43:43,047 --> 02:43:44,548
ADVANCES ARE PUBLISHED BY 

4143
02:43:44,548 --> 02:43:45,883
INVESTIGATORS THEMSELVES AND NOT

4144
02:43:45,883 --> 02:43:46,650
GENERATE THE DATA.

4145
02:43:46,650 --> 02:43:49,320
THAT IS A GOOD AND IMPORTANT 

4146
02:43:49,320 --> 02:43:51,121
HEALTHY SIGN OF THE DIRECTION WE

4147
02:43:51,121 --> 02:43:53,290
ARE TAKING.

4148
02:43:53,290 --> 02:43:55,092
SO TALK SPECIFICALLY ABOUT AMP.

4149
02:43:55,092 --> 02:43:58,729
AMP IS ONE OF THE ORIGINAL AMPLE

4150
02:43:58,729 --> 02:44:00,164
AD FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE WAS 

4151
02:44:00,164 --> 02:44:01,632
ONE OF THE INITIAL THREE OF THE 

4152
02:44:01,632 --> 02:44:02,132
AMPS.

4153
02:44:02,132 --> 02:44:05,369
IT HAS BEEN A VERY EFFECTIVE 

4154
02:44:05,369 --> 02:44:07,438
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 

4155
02:44:07,438 --> 02:44:09,173
BRINGING TOGETHER MULTIPLE 

4156
02:44:09,173 --> 02:44:11,475
INSTITUTES AT NIH AND OTHER 

4157
02:44:11,475 --> 02:44:13,811
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES SUCH AS FDA,

4158
02:44:13,811 --> 02:44:17,548
PHARMACEUTICAL, NONPROFIT 

4159
02:44:17,548 --> 02:44:18,682
ORGANIZATIONS.

4160
02:44:18,682 --> 02:44:21,118
GENERATING A VERY CENTRALIZED 

4161
02:44:21,118 --> 02:44:22,252
DATA RESOURCE OF HIGH QUALITY 

4162
02:44:22,252 --> 02:44:24,388
RESEARCH APPLIED IN A DIRECTIVE 

4163
02:44:24,388 --> 02:44:24,888
AND INTENSAL WAY.

4164
02:44:24,888 --> 02:44:27,257
FOR EXAMPLE, TEAMS OF 

4165
02:44:27,257 --> 02:44:28,258
REPRESENTATIVES FROM THE PHARMA,

4166
02:44:28,258 --> 02:44:30,494
WHO HAVE BEEN A PART OF THE 

4167
02:44:30,494 --> 02:44:33,364
ENTERPRISE ALONGS WITH LEADING 

4168
02:44:33,364 --> 02:44:34,898
ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS HAVE 

4169
02:44:34,898 --> 02:44:36,400
IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL TARGETS, 

4170
02:44:36,400 --> 02:44:39,336
OVER 1,000 AND TOOK THAT 

4171
02:44:39,336 --> 02:44:41,105
OVERWHELMING NUMBER, IDENTIFIED 

4172
02:44:41,105 --> 02:44:43,640
MOST PROMISING WITH TARGETED 

4173
02:44:43,640 --> 02:44:48,145
RELATIONSHIP DISEASE, THOSE MOST

4174
02:44:48,145 --> 02:44:51,615
TARGETABLE IN PHARMALOGICAL 

4175
02:44:51,615 --> 02:44:52,082
ENTERPRISE.

4176
02:44:52,082 --> 02:44:53,817
THIS IS NEW DISEASE SPECIFIC 

4177
02:44:53,817 --> 02:44:55,986
INTERVENTIONS CAUSED PHARMA TO 

4178
02:44:55,986 --> 02:44:58,889
MOVE IN NEW DIRECTIONS AND DROP 

4179
02:44:58,889 --> 02:45:01,058
SOME OLD DIRECTIONS THAT WERE 

4180
02:45:01,058 --> 02:45:03,427
NOT PROVING TO BE IMPORTANT OR 

4181
02:45:03,427 --> 02:45:03,727
PRODUCTIVE.

4182
02:45:03,727 --> 02:45:09,433
AMP AD2.0 BE GINNING IN THE 

4183
02:45:09,433 --> 02:45:11,135
SECOND ITERATION.

4184
02:45:11,135 --> 02:45:13,137
TEAMS FROM 20 ACADEMIC 

4185
02:45:13,137 --> 02:45:14,538
INSTITUTIONS, NINE 

4186
02:45:14,538 --> 02:45:15,272
PUBLIC-PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS 

4187
02:45:15,272 --> 02:45:16,507
LOOKING TOWARD PRECISION 

4188
02:45:16,507 --> 02:45:16,774
MEDICINE.

4189
02:45:16,774 --> 02:45:18,709
HERE THE BUZZ WORDS RELY IN THE 

4190
02:45:18,709 --> 02:45:20,511
CASE OF ALZHEIMER'S RELATED 

4191
02:45:20,511 --> 02:45:23,881
DEMENTIAS TO WHAT I MENTIONED.

4192
02:45:23,881 --> 02:45:27,484
WITHIN THE BRAINS OF INDIVIDUALS

4193
02:45:27,484 --> 02:45:30,554
WITH THIS CLINICAL SYNDROME 

4194
02:45:30,554 --> 02:45:32,122
MULTIPLE PATHOLOGIES ARE 

4195
02:45:32,122 --> 02:45:33,557
OCCURRING AND IT WILL BE 

4196
02:45:33,557 --> 02:45:36,660
IMPORTANT TO TAILOR WHAT IS 

4197
02:45:36,660 --> 02:45:37,561
HAPPENING IN EACH INDIVIDUAL IN 

4198
02:45:37,561 --> 02:45:41,532
ORDER TO MAXIMIZE THE SUCCESS OF

4199
02:45:41,532 --> 02:45:45,936
THESE INTERVENTIONS.

4200
02:45:45,936 --> 02:45:48,872
GENETICS, THE ALZHEIMER'S 

4201
02:45:48,872 --> 02:45:50,507
DISEASE SEQUENCES PROGRAM 

4202
02:45:50,507 --> 02:45:51,542
STARTED VERY EARLY.

4203
02:45:51,542 --> 02:45:52,676
IT HAS MOVED TO THE POINT IN THE

4204
02:45:52,676 --> 02:45:55,412
LAST YEARS THE EMPHASIS IS VERY 

4205
02:45:55,412 --> 02:45:57,581
PRODUCTIVELY TO INCREASE THE 

4206
02:45:57,581 --> 02:45:59,416
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE 

4207
02:45:59,416 --> 02:46:01,318
POPULATIONS THAT WE'RE STUDYING 

4208
02:46:01,318 --> 02:46:03,754
AND BY LOOKING AT DIVERSE 

4209
02:46:03,754 --> 02:46:05,522
POPULATIONS INCREASING NUMBERS 

4210
02:46:05,522 --> 02:46:08,125
OF ASIAN, AFRICAN-AMERICAN, 

4211
02:46:08,125 --> 02:46:11,995
HISPANICS, NONHISPANIC WHITES 

4212
02:46:11,995 --> 02:46:14,031
WITH GLOBAL OUTREACH TO IDENTIFY

4213
02:46:14,031 --> 02:46:16,700
IMPORTANT INSIGHTS NOT JUST FOR 

4214
02:46:16,700 --> 02:46:18,569
THE SUBJECT POPULATIONS BUT 

4215
02:46:18,569 --> 02:46:26,510
OVERALL UNDERSTANDING OF THE 

4216
02:46:26,510 --> 02:46:26,944
HET

4217
02:46:26,944 --> 02:46:27,477
HETER

4218
02:46:27,477 --> 02:46:29,680
HETEROG NEXT EI DWRRKS OF THE 

4219
02:46:29,680 --> 02:46:30,581
DISEASE.

4220
02:46:30,581 --> 02:46:31,815
THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH

4221
02:46:31,815 --> 02:46:35,185
CENTERS NETWORK WE SUPPORTED IN 

4222
02:46:35,185 --> 02:46:38,355
GREAT DIVERSITY OF THE NATION, 

4223
02:46:38,355 --> 02:46:43,660
DIVERSITY IN TERMS OF 

4224
02:46:43,660 --> 02:46:43,994
POPULATIONS.

4225
02:46:43,994 --> 02:46:46,396
MOST OF THE CENTERS HAVE 

4226
02:46:46,396 --> 02:46:47,998
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF OUTREACH TO

4227
02:46:47,998 --> 02:46:49,533
PRIMARY COMMUNITIES WHERE IT IS 

4228
02:46:49,533 --> 02:46:50,267
IMPORTANT THE RESEARCH BOTH 

4229
02:46:50,267 --> 02:46:52,536
RECRUITMENT OCCUR AND WHERE THE 

4230
02:46:52,536 --> 02:46:53,537
INTERACTIONS WITH INDIVIDUALS 

4231
02:46:53,537 --> 02:46:57,207
WHO ARE AT RISK FOR AND AFFECTED

4232
02:46:57,207 --> 02:46:59,209
WITH DEMENTIAS OCCUR IN DIVERSE 

4233
02:46:59,209 --> 02:47:05,549
POPULATIONS ACROSS THE NATION.

4234
02:47:05,549 --> 02:47:07,784
IN ADDITION TO THE TARGETED 

4235
02:47:07,784 --> 02:47:10,787
RESEARCH AIMED AT THE BIOLOGICAL

4236
02:47:10,787 --> 02:47:11,622
UNDERPINNINGS OF ALZHEIMER'S 

4237
02:47:11,622 --> 02:47:14,958
DISEASE, WE HAVE RELIED 

4238
02:47:14,958 --> 02:47:16,260
IMPORTANTLY AND WITH GREAT 

4239
02:47:16,260 --> 02:47:20,464
SUCCESS ON LONGITUDINAL STUDIES 

4240
02:47:20,464 --> 02:47:23,767
START WITH THIS INITIAL NATIONAL

4241
02:47:23,767 --> 02:47:25,669
POPULATION AND SHOW HOW IT HAS 

4242
02:47:25,669 --> 02:47:27,337
BECOME GLOBALIZED.

4243
02:47:27,337 --> 02:47:29,539
THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY 

4244
02:47:29,539 --> 02:47:32,042
INITIATED BY HRS WANTED TO LOOK 

4245
02:47:32,042 --> 02:47:33,110
AT WHAT HAPPENS AROUND THE 

4246
02:47:33,110 --> 02:47:35,078
PERIOD OF LIFE AROUND 

4247
02:47:35,078 --> 02:47:36,847
RETIREMENT, INDIVIDUALS 50 AND 

4248
02:47:36,847 --> 02:47:37,080
OLDER.

4249
02:47:37,080 --> 02:47:39,116
IT WAS VERY MUCH IN THE 

4250
02:47:39,116 --> 02:47:41,285
BEGINNING AN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 

4251
02:47:41,285 --> 02:47:42,452
RESEARCH ENTERPRISE, WHICH HAS 

4252
02:47:42,452 --> 02:47:46,390
BECOME ENRICHED WITH BIOLOGICAL 

4253
02:47:46,390 --> 02:47:47,090
ADDITIONS AS WELL.

4254
02:47:47,090 --> 02:47:49,393
BOTH TALK ABOUT BIOMARKERS AND 

4255
02:47:49,393 --> 02:47:50,561
HOW THEY FIT.

4256
02:47:50,561 --> 02:47:52,362
BUT TO THIS SLIDE IN PARTICULAR 

4257
02:47:52,362 --> 02:47:57,534
WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ESTABLISH 

4258
02:47:57,534 --> 02:48:01,571
PARTNERSHIPS ACROSS THE WORLD, 

4259
02:48:01,571 --> 02:48:04,808
AROUND HARMONIZED COGNITIVE 

4260
02:48:04,808 --> 02:48:05,809
ASSESSMENT PROTOCOLS.

4261
02:48:05,809 --> 02:48:08,111
AND TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE WAY 

4262
02:48:08,111 --> 02:48:11,481
IN WHICH SAMPLING FROM DIVERSE 

4263
02:48:11,481 --> 02:48:13,283
POPULATIONS IN THE 

4264
02:48:13,283 --> 02:48:15,419
REPRESENTATIVE STUDY HRS IN THIS

4265
02:48:15,419 --> 02:48:17,554
STUDY, BUT THE FAMILY OF THESE 

4266
02:48:17,554 --> 02:48:19,089
STUDIES ACROSS THE WORLD SHOWN 

4267
02:48:19,089 --> 02:48:24,127
ON THIS MAP GIVES ACCESS WITH 

4268
02:48:24,127 --> 02:48:25,529
HARMONIZED STANDARDS TO THE VAST

4269
02:48:25,529 --> 02:48:27,197
MAJORITY OF THE WORLD'S 

4270
02:48:27,197 --> 02:48:29,533
POPULATION AND GIVING US NEW 

4271
02:48:29,533 --> 02:48:31,435
INSIGHTS INTO THIS GLOBAL 

4272
02:48:31,435 --> 02:48:34,271
PROBLEM OF ALZHEIMER'S RELATED 

4273
02:48:34,271 --> 02:48:36,000
DMENSS.

4274
02:48:36,000 --> 02:48:38,102
THIS NEXT SLIDE ILLUSTRATES THE 

4275
02:48:38,102 --> 02:48:40,638
INCREASING UNDERSTANDING OF THE 

4276
02:48:40,638 --> 02:48:48,879
WAY IN WHICH THE EXPOSOME THE 

4277
02:48:48,879 --> 02:48:51,982
ENTIRE UNIVERSE THAT IMPINGES ON

4278
02:48:51,982 --> 02:48:55,219
US AS WE AGE ARE IMPORTANT IN 

4279
02:48:55,219 --> 02:48:58,189
IDENTIFYING RISK FACTORS FOR 

4280
02:48:58,189 --> 02:48:59,790
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4281
02:48:59,790 --> 02:49:01,258
NOW LOOKING AT A MORE SYSTEMIC 

4282
02:49:01,258 --> 02:49:04,929
WAY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL INPUTS 

4283
02:49:04,929 --> 02:49:05,429
INFLUENCING ALZHEIMER'S.

4284
02:49:05,429 --> 02:49:13,637
NEXT, PLEASE.

4285
02:49:13,637 --> 02:49:16,941
THIS NEXT SLIDE IS AN 

4286
02:49:16,941 --> 02:49:23,013
ILLUSTRATION OF THE IMPACT 

4287
02:49:23,013 --> 02:49:23,380
COLLABORATEORY.

4288
02:49:23,380 --> 02:49:25,983
IT WAS TO IMPROVE THE CARE AND 

4289
02:49:25,983 --> 02:49:28,619
HEALTH OUTCOMES OF PERSON LIVING

4290
02:49:28,619 --> 02:49:29,553
WITH DEMENTIA.

4291
02:49:29,553 --> 02:49:31,689
IT IS THE LONG-TERM CARE DATA 

4292
02:49:31,689 --> 02:49:32,857
COOPERATIVE PUT TOGETHER A 

4293
02:49:32,857 --> 02:49:34,825
CONSORTIUM OF MORE THAN 2,000 

4294
02:49:34,825 --> 02:49:37,328
NURSING HOMES ACROSS THE COUNTRY

4295
02:49:37,328 --> 02:49:39,563
IN DIVERSE AREAS REPRESENTING 

4296
02:49:39,563 --> 02:49:41,365
OVER HALF A MILLION RESIDENTS 

4297
02:49:41,365 --> 02:49:44,034
LINKING WITH MEDICARE CLAIMS 

4298
02:49:44,034 --> 02:49:46,370
DATA AND PROVIDING ALZHEIMER'S 

4299
02:49:46,370 --> 02:49:47,238
RESEARCH.

4300
02:49:47,238 --> 02:49:49,573
THIS PROVIDED ENORMOUSLY USEFUL 

4301
02:49:49,573 --> 02:49:52,710
WAS IN THE COVID EPIDEMIC IT WAS

4302
02:49:52,710 --> 02:49:55,412
POSSIBLE TO USE THIS NETWORK TO 

4303
02:49:55,412 --> 02:49:57,481
IDENTIFY EARLY THE VERY 

4304
02:49:57,481 --> 02:49:58,115
VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN 

4305
02:49:58,115 --> 02:50:01,552
NURSING HOMES, WHAT HAPPENED TO 

4306
02:50:01,552 --> 02:50:03,554
THEM IN EXPOSURE TO THE COVID 

4307
02:50:03,554 --> 02:50:08,826
VIRUS ITSELF AND WHEN THE 

4308
02:50:08,826 --> 02:50:11,195
VACCINE BECAME AVAILABLE VERY 

4309
02:50:11,195 --> 02:50:14,031
QUICKLY DOCUMENT THE SAFETY OF 

4310
02:50:14,031 --> 02:50:15,966
VACCINES IN NURSING HOMES.

4311
02:50:15,966 --> 02:50:21,205
A GOOD PORTION OF NURSING HOMES 

4312
02:50:21,205 --> 02:50:23,974
WERE SADLY AFFLICTED WITH 

4313
02:50:23,974 --> 02:50:26,143
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IT BECOMES

4314
02:50:26,143 --> 02:50:28,879
IMPORTANT FOR THE FOUNDATION.

4315
02:50:28,879 --> 02:50:33,884
NEXT SLIDE.

4316
02:50:33,884 --> 02:50:36,787
I WILL JUST BRIEFLY MENTION A 

4317
02:50:36,787 --> 02:50:40,391
NEW PART OF THE ALZHEIMER'S 

4318
02:50:40,391 --> 02:50:41,725
RESEARCH ENTERPRISE.

4319
02:50:41,725 --> 02:50:43,327
THE NIH CAMPUS.

4320
02:50:43,327 --> 02:50:45,496
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE INTRAMURAL

4321
02:50:45,496 --> 02:50:47,364
PROGRAMS ACROSS ALL OF THE NIH 

4322
02:50:47,364 --> 02:50:49,233
INSTITUTES, IN FACT, PROVIDE 

4323
02:50:49,233 --> 02:50:51,635
SOME UNIQUE RESOURCES WE WANT TO

4324
02:50:51,635 --> 02:50:55,306
TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE OF IN 

4325
02:50:55,306 --> 02:50:56,841
ADDRESSING ALZHEIMER'S RELATED 

4326
02:50:56,841 --> 02:50:57,608
DEMENTIAS AS WELL.

4327
02:50:57,608 --> 02:50:59,076
A PHYSICAL PRESENCE ON THE 

4328
02:50:59,076 --> 02:51:00,778
CAMPUS, TAKING ADVANTAGE OF ALL 

4329
02:51:00,778 --> 02:51:02,546
OF THE NIH INSTITUTES IN A 

4330
02:51:02,546 --> 02:51:04,915
VARIETY OF WAYS WITH THE MANTRA 

4331
02:51:04,915 --> 02:51:08,452
BEING TO SERVE AND PROVIDE 

4332
02:51:08,452 --> 02:51:10,721
RESOURCES TO THE FULL COMMUNITY 

4333
02:51:10,721 --> 02:51:13,858
AS IT PROVIDES CUTTING EDGE 

4334
02:51:13,858 --> 02:51:15,626
RESEARCH AND CREATE A MAP OF 

4335
02:51:15,626 --> 02:51:18,362
DIFFERENT BRAIN CELL TYPES WITH 

4336
02:51:18,362 --> 02:51:20,130
ROBOTICS AS ESTABLISHED BY THE 

4337
02:51:20,130 --> 02:51:25,369
LARGE LIBRARIES OF IPS STEM 

4338
02:51:25,369 --> 02:51:26,904
CELLING WITH INDIVIDUALS 

4339
02:51:26,904 --> 02:51:31,342
AFFECTED WITH DISEASE OR NOT 

4340
02:51:31,342 --> 02:51:33,210
INTRODUCING DISEASE CAUSING INTO

4341
02:51:33,210 --> 02:51:39,683
THE STEM KELS AND THE CAUSAL 

4342
02:51:39,683 --> 02:51:41,452
RELACESHIP THE DETERMINANTS.

4343
02:51:41,452 --> 02:51:43,053
JUST AN ILLUSTRATION OF WHAT WE 

4344
02:51:43,053 --> 02:51:44,622
CAN DO WHEN THE WILL IS THERE.

4345
02:51:44,622 --> 02:51:46,457
THIS WAS DURING THE TIME OF 

4346
02:51:46,457 --> 02:51:49,526
COVID WE WERE ABLE TO GET WITH 

4347
02:51:49,526 --> 02:51:52,129
CONGRESSIONAL AND NIH SUPPORT 

4348
02:51:52,129 --> 02:51:55,532
PERMISSION TO ESTABLISH A 

4349
02:51:55,532 --> 02:51:57,768
TEMPORARY VERY MUCH IN QUOTES 

4350
02:51:57,768 --> 02:52:00,404
RESOURCE CENTER ON CAMPUS WHERE 

4351
02:52:00,404 --> 02:52:03,407
SPACE WAS QUITE LIMITING.

4352
02:52:03,407 --> 02:52:05,843
IN MAY THE TRUCKS PART THE PARTS

4353
02:52:05,843 --> 02:52:07,811
OF THE BUILDING SYNTHESIZED IN 

4354
02:52:07,811 --> 02:52:10,581
FLORIDA, BY JULY THEY WERE 

4355
02:52:10,581 --> 02:52:12,016
ASSEMBLED BY SEPTEMBER YOU CAN 

4356
02:52:12,016 --> 02:52:14,852
SEE THE OPENING WITH ROYE ROY 

4357
02:52:14,852 --> 02:52:18,956
BLUNT WITH HIS NAME IN THE 

4358
02:52:18,956 --> 02:52:19,723
DEDICATION OF THE FACILITY.

4359
02:52:19,723 --> 02:52:22,426
THIS SHOWS THE ALREADY 10 

4360
02:52:22,426 --> 02:52:23,661
DIFFERENT NIH INSTITUTES WHOSE 

4361
02:52:23,661 --> 02:52:26,130
STAFF AND IDEAS HAVE BEEN 

4362
02:52:26,130 --> 02:52:30,100
BROUGHT TO BEAR ON THE CARD 

4363
02:52:30,100 --> 02:52:30,968
RESEARCH ENTERPRISE WITH THIS 

4364
02:52:30,968 --> 02:52:34,271
LARGE ARRAY OF COLLABORATING 

4365
02:52:34,271 --> 02:52:36,307
ORGANIZATIONS, ACADEMIC, PRIVATE

4366
02:52:36,307 --> 02:52:40,577
SECTOR, AND PHILANTHROPIC.

4367
02:52:40,577 --> 02:52:42,947
NOW TO TURN TO SOME OF THE 

4368
02:52:42,947 --> 02:52:48,852
EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH PROGRESS.

4369
02:52:48,852 --> 02:52:49,553
ULTIMATELY OF COURSE ONE OF THE 

4370
02:52:49,553 --> 02:52:52,523
IMPORTANT OBJECTIVES HAS BEEN TO

4371
02:52:52,523 --> 02:52:57,494
ESTABLISH DISEASE MODIFYING 

4372
02:52:57,494 --> 02:52:58,963
TREATMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER'S.

4373
02:52:58,963 --> 02:53:01,532
2023 AND 2024 SAW THE FIRST 

4374
02:53:01,532 --> 02:53:03,067
APPROVALS BY FDA OF 

4375
02:53:03,067 --> 02:53:04,335
INTERVENTIONING TO TREED THE 

4376
02:53:04,335 --> 02:53:06,203
UNDERLYING PROCESS OF DISEASE.

4377
02:53:06,203 --> 02:53:13,010
THESE WERE ANTI-AMYLOID 

4378
02:53:13,010 --> 02:53:13,444
ANTIBODIES.

4379
02:53:13,444 --> 02:53:14,645
GOT FULL APPROVAL.

4380
02:53:14,645 --> 02:53:16,547
LANDMARK EVENTS THAT ARE 

4381
02:53:16,547 --> 02:53:19,049
IMPORTANT FOR THE FIRST TIME 

4382
02:53:19,049 --> 02:53:22,152
AFFECT TREATMENTS AS WELL AS THE

4383
02:53:22,152 --> 02:53:23,587
UNDERLYING BIOLOGY OF DISEASE.

4384
02:53:23,587 --> 02:53:24,888
THE EFFECTS ARE NOT NEARLY WHAT 

4385
02:53:24,888 --> 02:53:28,058
WE NEED IN TERMS OF DEGREE OR 

4386
02:53:28,058 --> 02:53:29,994
MAGNITUDE AND ACCOMPANIED BY 

4387
02:53:29,994 --> 02:53:31,729
EXPENSE AND ADVERSE EFFECTS AS 

4388
02:53:31,729 --> 02:53:31,929
WELL.

4389
02:53:31,929 --> 02:53:34,431
WE ARE AT A POINT OF BEING 

4390
02:53:34,431 --> 02:53:36,834
EXCITED AND REINVIGORATED BY 

4391
02:53:36,834 --> 02:53:39,970
THESE SUCCESSES BUT AT THE SAME 

4392
02:53:39,970 --> 02:53:48,912
TIME REDEDICATED TO TARGET 

4393
02:53:48,912 --> 02:53:51,115
MULTIPLE COMPLEX IN INDIVIDUALS 

4394
02:53:51,115 --> 02:53:53,017
WITH MULTIPLE PATHOLOGIES 

4395
02:53:53,017 --> 02:53:55,419
CONTRIBUTING TO DISEASE.

4396
02:53:55,419 --> 02:53:57,421
GENETICS, JUST TO SAY BACK 10 OR

4397
02:53:57,421 --> 02:53:59,590
15 YEARS AGO WE KNEW OF JUST 10 

4398
02:53:59,590 --> 02:54:03,293
GENES THAT WERE RISK FACTORS FOR

4399
02:54:03,293 --> 02:54:03,961
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4400
02:54:03,961 --> 02:54:07,965
THERE ARE NOW MORE THAN 80.

4401
02:54:07,965 --> 02:54:13,303
THEY FALL INTO PATHWAYS, 

4402
02:54:13,303 --> 02:54:15,372
INFLAMMATION, LIPD METABOLISM, 

4403
02:54:15,372 --> 02:54:18,075
AND HAVE BECOME IMPORTANT WAYS 

4404
02:54:18,075 --> 02:54:20,544
IN WHICH WE HAVE DIVERSIFIED THE

4405
02:54:20,544 --> 02:54:21,578
TARGETS FOR TRANSLATION INTO 

4406
02:54:21,578 --> 02:54:25,382
CLINICAL STUDIES.

4407
02:54:25,382 --> 02:54:27,818
I WANT TO POINT OUT ONE OF THE 

4408
02:54:27,818 --> 02:54:29,720
EXAMPLES THAT REFLECTS BOTH THE 

4409
02:54:29,720 --> 02:54:31,955
IMPORTANCE OF DOING RESEARCH ON 

4410
02:54:31,955 --> 02:54:33,557
DIVERSE POPULATIONS, OF GLOBAL 

4411
02:54:33,557 --> 02:54:35,726
POPULATIONS AND STUDYING 

4412
02:54:35,726 --> 02:54:37,561
GENETICS AT LARGE SCALE.

4413
02:54:37,561 --> 02:54:41,665
SO THERE ARE RARE SET OF 

4414
02:54:41,665 --> 02:54:45,536
INDIVIDUALS WITH AUTOSOMONAL 

4415
02:54:45,536 --> 02:54:47,337
DEMPLED BY GENETIC MUTATIONS BY 

4416
02:54:47,337 --> 02:54:51,508
THE AMYLOID OR PRE -- GENES 

4417
02:54:51,508 --> 02:54:55,679
WHICH PROCESS THE AMYLOID 

4418
02:54:55,679 --> 02:54:55,979
PROTEIN.

4419
02:54:55,979 --> 02:54:57,414
INDIVIDUALS AFFECTED TRAGICALLY 

4420
02:54:57,414 --> 02:55:01,385
HAVE ONSET IN THEIR 30s AND 40s.

4421
02:55:01,385 --> 02:55:03,954
EVERYONE HAS A 50% IN THE 

4422
02:55:03,954 --> 02:55:05,255
FAMILIES INHERITING THE DISEASE 

4423
02:55:05,255 --> 02:55:06,490
CAUSING GENE.

4424
02:55:06,490 --> 02:55:11,962
THE LARGEST SUCH FAMILY IN IS 

4425
02:55:11,962 --> 02:55:12,229
COLOMBIA.

4426
02:55:12,229 --> 02:55:14,131
THIS IS A SERIES OF STUDIES 

4427
02:55:14,131 --> 02:55:17,734
CARRIED OUT SUPPORTED BY NIH TO 

4428
02:55:17,734 --> 02:55:19,570
LOOK FOR FURTHER INSIGHTS INTO 

4429
02:55:19,570 --> 02:55:25,375
THE DISEASE AND ILLUSTRATE THE 

4430
02:55:25,375 --> 02:55:27,211
IMPORTANT IDENTIFICATION OF RARE

4431
02:55:27,211 --> 02:55:29,246
PROTECTIVE FACTORS.

4432
02:55:29,246 --> 02:55:32,716
APOE IS ONE VARIANCE OF THE 

4433
02:55:32,716 --> 02:55:34,551
COMMON RISK FACTOR FOR 

4434
02:55:34,551 --> 02:55:34,852
ALZHEIMER'S.

4435
02:55:34,852 --> 02:55:36,887
A RARE VARIANT WAS DISCOVERED 

4436
02:55:36,887 --> 02:55:39,723
WHEN IT WAS NOTED FIRST ONE 

4437
02:55:39,723 --> 02:55:41,325
WOMAN, SHE INHERITED THE 

4438
02:55:41,325 --> 02:55:42,726
DISEASE-CAUSING DISEASE OF 

4439
02:55:42,726 --> 02:55:43,527
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IN THIS 

4440
02:55:43,527 --> 02:55:46,864
FAMILY FOR OVER 20 YEARS BEYOND 

4441
02:55:46,864 --> 02:55:48,432
EXPECTED DISEASE HAS NO DISEASE 

4442
02:55:48,432 --> 02:55:48,899
AT ALL.

4443
02:55:48,899 --> 02:55:51,902
IT WAS LATER DETERMINED SHE HAD 

4444
02:55:51,902 --> 02:55:55,539
EXTENSIVE AMYLOID IN HR BRAIN 

4445
02:55:55,539 --> 02:55:57,941
BUT NOT TAO.

4446
02:55:57,941 --> 02:56:02,045
SHED A APOE.

4447
02:56:02,045 --> 02:56:03,614
THERE WAS ANOTHER GENETIC 

4448
02:56:03,614 --> 02:56:05,682
MUTATION, A MAN IN THAT SAME 

4449
02:56:05,682 --> 02:56:09,153
FAMILY WHO HAD A DIFFERENT 

4450
02:56:09,153 --> 02:56:11,989
MUTATION IN THE GENE THAT ALSO 

4451
02:56:11,989 --> 02:56:14,858
PROVIDE PROTECTION.

4452
02:56:14,858 --> 02:56:16,693
IN THIS CASE THROUGH ANOTHER 

4453
02:56:16,693 --> 02:56:18,395
GENETIC MECHANISM, ALL FOCUSING 

4454
02:56:18,395 --> 02:56:19,630
ON THE SAME PATHWAYS.

4455
02:56:19,630 --> 02:56:22,766
NOW IT IS ALREADY AT THE POINT 

4456
02:56:22,766 --> 02:56:26,136
WHERE THE USE OF POTENTIALLY 

4457
02:56:26,136 --> 02:56:27,971
DOMINANT PROTECTIVE GENES CAN BE

4458
02:56:27,971 --> 02:56:30,040
INTRODUCED INTO THE BRAIN IN THE

4459
02:56:30,040 --> 02:56:31,975
FORM OF VIRAL VECTORS.

4460
02:56:31,975 --> 02:56:34,144
WE HEARD ABOUT SOME OF THESE 

4461
02:56:34,144 --> 02:56:36,013
INITIATIVES IN THE FIRST 

4462
02:56:36,013 --> 02:56:38,315
CLINICAL TRIALS OF SUCH 

4463
02:56:38,315 --> 02:56:40,617
ENTERPRISE ARE OCCURRING USING 

4464
02:56:40,617 --> 02:56:45,722
THE APOE2 OR APOE CHRIST CHURCH 

4465
02:56:45,722 --> 02:56:47,991
INTRODUCED THE BRAINS OF THE 

4466
02:56:47,991 --> 02:56:49,259
INDIVIDUALS AT RISK FOR 

4467
02:56:49,259 --> 02:56:50,093
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4468
02:56:50,093 --> 02:56:53,130
BIOMARKERS ARE CRITICAL.

4469
02:56:53,130 --> 02:56:56,967
UNTIL RECENTLY WE ALL DIAGNOSED 

4470
02:56:56,967 --> 02:56:59,603
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ONLY AT 

4471
02:56:59,603 --> 02:56:59,870
DEATH.

4472
02:56:59,870 --> 02:57:01,638
THE DIAGNOSE IN LIFE WAS 

4473
02:57:01,638 --> 02:57:03,106
PROBABLE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4474
02:57:03,106 --> 02:57:07,044
IN FAST YEARS THIS HAS CHANGED 

4475
02:57:07,044 --> 02:57:07,678
DRAMATICALLY, BEGINNING WITH 

4476
02:57:07,678 --> 02:57:10,447
FIRST THE IDENTIFICATION OF 

4477
02:57:10,447 --> 02:57:12,783
AMYLOID IN THE LIVING BRAIN 

4478
02:57:12,783 --> 02:57:15,385
THROUGH PET SCANNING AND THEN 

4479
02:57:15,385 --> 02:57:18,755
IDENTIFY TAO, AND BIOMARKERS AND

4480
02:57:18,755 --> 02:57:22,125
FLUID AND CSF AND MOST RECENTLY 

4481
02:57:22,125 --> 02:57:23,293
IN BLOOD.

4482
02:57:23,293 --> 02:57:26,163
ONE GENERATED THROUGH NIH 

4483
02:57:26,163 --> 02:57:29,099
FUNDING HAS GONE INTO THE PUBLIC

4484
02:57:29,099 --> 02:57:34,037
DOE NAME, PRECIVITYAD2.

4485
02:57:34,037 --> 02:57:40,344
NOW WE BIOMARKER SUCH AS 

4486
02:57:40,344 --> 02:57:44,147
AMYLOIDS AND T PD43.

4487
02:57:44,147 --> 02:57:46,283
WE WILL LOOK AT INDIVIDUAL WITH 

4488
02:57:46,283 --> 02:57:48,452
AT RISK TO USE BIOMARKERS TO 

4489
02:57:48,452 --> 02:57:50,420
LOOK IN MORE DETAIL PRECISELY 

4490
02:57:50,420 --> 02:57:52,823
WHAT IS GOING ON IN THE BRAIN.

4491
02:57:52,823 --> 02:57:55,359
IN ADDITION DATA TOOLS, DIGITAL 

4492
02:57:55,359 --> 02:57:58,428
BIOMARKERS ARE PROVING TO BE 

4493
02:57:58,428 --> 02:57:59,029
EXTRAORDINARILY EFFECTIVE AS 

4494
02:57:59,029 --> 02:58:02,165
WELL IN IDENTIFYING, DIAGNOSING 

4495
02:58:02,165 --> 02:58:03,934
INDIVIDUALS AT RISK OR WITH 

4496
02:58:03,934 --> 02:58:06,169
EARLY OR PROGRESSIVE CHANGES OF 

4497
02:58:06,169 --> 02:58:10,874
DEMENTIAS.

4498
02:58:10,874 --> 02:58:13,910
ONE RECENT REPORT, AN 

4499
02:58:13,910 --> 02:58:15,979
ILLUSTRATION OF BASIC SCIENCE AT

4500
02:58:15,979 --> 02:58:20,784
AN EVER INCREASING PACE IS BEING

4501
02:58:20,784 --> 02:58:22,552
TRANSLATED THE BRAIN ATLAS 

4502
02:58:22,552 --> 02:58:25,389
CONSTRUCTED THROUGH THE BRAIN 

4503
02:58:25,389 --> 02:58:26,890
INITIATIVE AT NIH.

4504
02:58:26,890 --> 02:58:28,358
A PRODUCTIVE ENTERPRISE 

4505
02:58:28,358 --> 02:58:30,193
IDENTIFIED AT THE CELLULAR 

4506
02:58:30,193 --> 02:58:31,395
LEVEL, THE INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR 

4507
02:58:31,395 --> 02:58:34,064
OF MORE AND MORE COMPLEX OF THE 

4508
02:58:34,064 --> 02:58:35,165
UNDERSTANDING OF THE NETWORKS 

4509
02:58:35,165 --> 02:58:36,767
WITHIN THE NORMAL BRAIN.

4510
02:58:36,767 --> 02:58:38,168
THE INVESTIGATORS INVOLVED THERE

4511
02:58:38,168 --> 02:58:40,203
WERE RAPIDLY ABLE TO TRANSLATE 

4512
02:58:40,203 --> 02:58:41,872
THIS INFORMATION INTO THIS CASE 

4513
02:58:41,872 --> 02:58:43,674
THE SEATTLE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 

4514
02:58:43,674 --> 02:58:44,708
BRAIN CELL ATLAS.

4515
02:58:44,708 --> 02:58:46,476
LOOKING AT THE BRAINS OF 

4516
02:58:46,476 --> 02:58:48,612
INDIVIDUALS IN VARIOUS STAGES OF

4517
02:58:48,612 --> 02:58:50,180
PREROGATIVE DISEASE.

4518
02:58:50,180 --> 02:58:53,617
LOOKING AT QUANTITYTIVE 

4519
02:58:53,617 --> 02:58:56,420
NEUROPATHOLOGY TO IDENTIFY 

4520
02:58:56,420 --> 02:58:58,322
SPECTRUM DISEASES AND IDENTIFY 

4521
02:58:58,322 --> 02:59:00,724
THE SPECIFIC CHANGES IN NEURAL 

4522
02:59:00,724 --> 02:59:04,861
CELL TYPES AND GLIAL POPULATIONS

4523
02:59:04,861 --> 02:59:07,397
THAT ACCOMPANY DISEASE 

4524
02:59:07,397 --> 02:59:09,299
IDENTIFYING AN EARLY, SLOW AND 

4525
02:59:09,299 --> 02:59:12,803
SILENT PHASE WHERE SYMPTOMS ARE 

4526
02:59:12,803 --> 02:59:15,972
SMALL, AMYLOID PLAQUES ARE 

4527
02:59:15,972 --> 02:59:17,808
INCREASING IN NUMBER, BUT 

4528
02:59:17,808 --> 02:59:19,976
SMALLER IN SIZE.

4529
02:59:19,976 --> 02:59:23,980
ACCELERATED STAGE WHERE MANY 

4530
02:59:23,980 --> 02:59:26,049
THINGS CHANGE WITH FORMATION TAU

4531
02:59:26,049 --> 02:59:27,584
AND TANGLES.

4532
02:59:27,584 --> 02:59:30,721
WE CAN IDENTIFY ERR AND LATE 

4533
02:59:30,721 --> 02:59:31,955
STAGE DISEASE AND TARGET.

4534
02:59:31,955 --> 02:59:38,762
ONE OF THE EARLY CHANGES OCCURS 

4535
02:59:38,762 --> 02:59:42,566
IN THE SLOW SILENT PHASE IS LOSS

4536
02:59:42,566 --> 02:59:47,437
OF INHIBITORY NURNS.

4537
02:59:47,437 --> 02:59:51,475
THE EXCITATORY NURNS.

4538
02:59:51,475 --> 02:59:55,445
IT MAY BE DISLIB RUM, LOSS OF 

4539
02:59:55,445 --> 02:59:57,414
INHIBITORY NURNS BECOME A RISK 

4540
02:59:57,414 --> 02:59:57,748
FACTOR.

4541
02:59:57,748 --> 02:59:59,983
THESE ARE EMERGES RAPIDLY FROM A

4542
02:59:59,983 --> 03:00:02,052
MORE BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT

4543
03:00:02,052 --> 03:00:06,823
HAPPENS AT A CELLULAR AND 

4544
03:00:06,823 --> 03:00:07,958
NETWORK LEVEL WITHIN THE BRAIN.

4545
03:00:07,958 --> 03:00:14,197
NUEURONS A FEW YEARS AGO, THERE 

4546
03:00:14,197 --> 03:00:18,969
WAS CONDUCTED AN AHRQ AND 

4547
03:00:18,969 --> 03:00:20,337
NATIONAL ACADEMIES SURVEY OF 

4548
03:00:20,337 --> 03:00:23,807
WHAT WE KNEW ABOUT PREVENTIVE 

4549
03:00:23,807 --> 03:00:25,442
MEASURES THAT WOULD ALLOW 

4550
03:00:25,442 --> 03:00:26,209
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PUBLIC 

4551
03:00:26,209 --> 03:00:27,043
HEALTH APPLICATION.

4552
03:00:27,043 --> 03:00:29,913
AT THAT TIME A REPORT JUST IN 

4553
03:00:29,913 --> 03:00:32,182
2017 THE ANSWER WAS THERE WAS 

4554
03:00:32,182 --> 03:00:35,419
NOT SUFFICIENT DATA, NO DATA OF 

4555
03:00:35,419 --> 03:00:36,486
SUFFICIENT QUALITY TO WARRANT 

4556
03:00:36,486 --> 03:00:38,021
RECOMMENDATION OF PREVENTION.

4557
03:00:38,021 --> 03:00:40,223
THIS HAS CHANGED, AGAIN CHANGED 

4558
03:00:40,223 --> 03:00:43,660
RAPIDLY IN THESE PAST YEARS.

4559
03:00:43,660 --> 03:00:45,462
THE FIRST WHICH THE 

4560
03:00:45,462 --> 03:00:47,964
DEMONSTRATION IN A STUDY CALLED 

4561
03:00:47,964 --> 03:00:49,232
SPRINT.

4562
03:00:49,232 --> 03:00:55,972
AGGRESSIVE OR SBNSIVE CONTROL OF

4563
03:00:55,972 --> 03:00:57,874
BLOOD PRESSURE WAS CAPABLE OF --

4564
03:00:57,874 --> 03:01:00,444
MORE RECENTLY, HERE IS AN 

4565
03:01:00,444 --> 03:01:02,179
KPAMPLT OF ANOTHER.

4566
03:01:02,179 --> 03:01:04,815
HEARING DEFICITS WERE A RISK 

4567
03:01:04,815 --> 03:01:06,216
FACTOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4568
03:01:06,216 --> 03:01:08,084
HERE A CLINICAL TRIAL WAS 

4569
03:01:08,084 --> 03:01:10,454
SUPPORTED TO CORRECT HEARING 

4570
03:01:10,454 --> 03:01:12,789
DEFICIT IN INDIVIDUALS HIGH RISK

4571
03:01:12,789 --> 03:01:14,024
FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE WITH A 

4572
03:01:14,024 --> 03:01:16,293
DEMONSTRATION OF CORRECTING THAT

4573
03:01:16,293 --> 03:01:17,861
DEFECT, IN FACT, DECREASED THE 

4574
03:01:17,861 --> 03:01:20,163
RISK OF COGNITIVE DECLINE AND 

4575
03:01:20,163 --> 03:01:21,932
THESE STUDIES WILL CONTINUE 

4576
03:01:21,932 --> 03:01:23,433
ALONG WITH OTHERS.

4577
03:01:23,433 --> 03:01:26,169
I WILL RELATE TO IN SUMMARY 

4578
03:01:26,169 --> 03:01:26,470
SLIDES.

4579
03:01:26,470 --> 03:01:29,272
A LARGE NUMBER OF PREVENTIVE 

4580
03:01:29,272 --> 03:01:33,944
STRATEGIES BE APPROACHED.

4581
03:01:33,944 --> 03:01:35,846
IN THIS SLIDE JUST TO NOTE THAT 

4582
03:01:35,846 --> 03:01:38,181
THE EARLY PHASE STUDIES CARRIED 

4583
03:01:38,181 --> 03:01:39,916
OUT TO IDENTIFY DRUG CANDIDATES 

4584
03:01:39,916 --> 03:01:42,853
HAVE IDENTIFIED SOME 22 

4585
03:01:42,853 --> 03:01:44,421
SUPPORTED BY NIH RESEARCH IN 

4586
03:01:44,421 --> 03:01:45,856
CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT PHASE ONE 

4587
03:01:45,856 --> 03:01:46,957
AND PHASE TWO TRIALS.

4588
03:01:46,957 --> 03:01:50,160
AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SLIDES ARE 

4589
03:01:50,160 --> 03:01:53,563
NOTED SOME TARGETS.

4590
03:01:53,563 --> 03:01:59,402
AMYLOID BETA, APOE, LIPIDS, ALL 

4591
03:01:59,402 --> 03:02:00,637
OF WHICH ARE IMPORTANT AS WE 

4592
03:02:00,637 --> 03:02:03,540
LOOK TO PERSONAL IDES THE 

4593
03:02:03,540 --> 03:02:06,176
PROCESSES THAT ARE GOING ON IN 

4594
03:02:06,176 --> 03:02:07,978
EACH INDIVIDUAL AND ADDRESS THEM

4595
03:02:07,978 --> 03:02:14,184
WITH PREVENTIVE AND THERAPEUTIC 

4596
03:02:14,184 --> 03:02:14,551
INTERVENTIONS.

4597
03:02:14,551 --> 03:02:16,953
ALL TOLD 460 TRIALS ARE ACTIVE 

4598
03:02:16,953 --> 03:02:19,990
THAT NIA IS SUPPORTING.

4599
03:02:19,990 --> 03:02:24,694
THIS INCLUDES PREVENTION AND 

4600
03:02:24,694 --> 03:02:26,162
TREATMENT AND DEMENTIA CARE AND 

4601
03:02:26,162 --> 03:02:31,968
CAREGIVERING.

4602
03:02:31,968 --> 03:02:37,974
WE'LL LOOK IN DETAIL.

4603
03:02:37,974 --> 03:02:39,142
PHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS.

4604
03:02:39,142 --> 03:02:41,244
I WANT TO EMPHASIZE THE DATA IN 

4605
03:02:41,244 --> 03:02:45,148
TARGET AND PROCESSES.

4606
03:02:45,148 --> 03:02:48,885
AMYLOID IS 6 OF 54 TRIALS.

4607
03:02:48,885 --> 03:02:57,627
NOW INFLAMMATION, METABOLISM, 

4608
03:02:57,627 --> 03:02:59,963
BIOGENETICS, ALL ARE TARGETS OF 

4609
03:02:59,963 --> 03:03:01,698
THESE INTERVENTIONS.

4610
03:03:01,698 --> 03:03:06,503
AND PHASE TWO THREE AND FOUR, 

4611
03:03:06,503 --> 03:03:07,971
AMYLOID IS FOUR, THE OTHER NINE 

4612
03:03:07,971 --> 03:03:18,281
ARE LOOKING AT VASCULATURE AND 

4613
03:03:18,281 --> 03:03:21,017
WE ARE LOOKING AT EXERCISE, 

4614
03:03:21,017 --> 03:03:22,185
NUTRITION, COGNITIVE TRAINING 

4615
03:03:22,185 --> 03:03:24,054
AND COMBINATION, SOME 

4616
03:03:24,054 --> 03:03:27,958
COMBINATIONS.

4617
03:03:27,958 --> 03:03:33,296
 INTERVENTIONS INCREASING ON THE

4618
03:03:33,296 --> 03:03:33,563
HORIZON.

4619
03:03:33,563 --> 03:03:35,365
# FOR DEMENTIA CARE AND 

4620
03:03:35,365 --> 03:03:37,567
CAREGIVERING, WE HAVE PEOPLE 

4621
03:03:37,567 --> 03:03:39,269
LIVING WITH DEMENTIA, LEARNING 

4622
03:03:39,269 --> 03:03:41,037
HOW TO INCREASE THEIR QUALITY OF

4623
03:03:41,037 --> 03:03:42,305
LIFE AND THOSE WHO CARE WITH 

4624
03:03:42,305 --> 03:03:47,277
THEM AND FOR THEM IS IMPORTANT.

4625
03:03:47,277 --> 03:03:49,579
JUST ILLUSTRATING WHAT I HAVE 

4626
03:03:49,579 --> 03:03:55,986
SAID IN A KRCRYPTIC WAYS.

4627
03:03:55,986 --> 03:03:58,355
OUR APPROACH HAS BEEN TO DATE TO

4628
03:03:58,355 --> 03:03:59,956
USE TREATMENT, TREATMENT A OR 

4629
03:03:59,956 --> 03:04:03,159
TREATMENT B AND THAT WHOLE 

4630
03:04:03,159 --> 03:04:04,728
POPULATION SINCE WE HAVE BEEN 

4631
03:04:04,728 --> 03:04:07,097
ABLE TO UNDERSTAND SUBSET 

4632
03:04:07,097 --> 03:04:07,397
POPULATIONS.

4633
03:04:07,397 --> 03:04:10,400
IN THE NEXT SLIDE YOU SEE WE 

4634
03:04:10,400 --> 03:04:13,203
HOPE TO BE AT THIS JUNCTURE 

4635
03:04:13,203 --> 03:04:14,704
UNDERSTANDING WHAT IS GOING ON 

4636
03:04:14,704 --> 03:04:19,976
IN BRAINS OF INDIVIDUALS AND 

4637
03:04:19,976 --> 03:04:21,011
TARGETING PREVENTIVE 

4638
03:04:21,011 --> 03:04:22,212
INTERVENTIONS AND TREATMENTS TO 

4639
03:04:22,212 --> 03:04:22,412
THEM.

4640
03:04:22,412 --> 03:04:27,717
BY WAY OF SUMMARY, DIAGNOSTICS 

4641
03:04:27,717 --> 03:04:30,186
FROM 2016 TO 2024 THE INCREASE 

4642
03:04:30,186 --> 03:04:32,255
OF TECHNOLOGIES AND RESOURCES 

4643
03:04:32,255 --> 03:04:34,624
HAVE BECOME AVAILABLE.

4644
03:04:34,624 --> 03:04:39,129
WE MOVE FROM THE AMYLOID PET 

4645
03:04:39,129 --> 03:04:44,000
AGENTS TO TAU PET AGENTS.

4646
03:04:44,000 --> 03:04:45,402
SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT.

4647
03:04:45,402 --> 03:04:49,105
THE EARLY CHOLINESTERASE 

4648
03:04:49,105 --> 03:04:53,576
INHIBITORS AND NOW WE ADDED 

4649
03:04:53,576 --> 03:04:55,311
DRUGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT IN 

4650
03:04:55,311 --> 03:04:58,281
INDIVIDUALS WITH SYMPTOMS OF 

4651
03:04:58,281 --> 03:04:59,249
ALZHEIMER'S, AGITATION AND 

4652
03:04:59,249 --> 03:05:02,218
DEPRESSION BEING TARGETED AS 

4653
03:05:02,218 --> 03:05:03,486
WELL.

4654
03:05:03,486 --> 03:05:04,654
DISEASE MODIFYING THERAPIES.

4655
03:05:04,654 --> 03:05:07,357
WE HAVE GONE FROM NONE TO TWO 

4656
03:05:07,357 --> 03:05:09,259
FDA APPROVED BY TRADITIONAL 

4657
03:05:09,259 --> 03:05:11,127
APPROVAL AND MANY ADDITIONAL NOW

4658
03:05:11,127 --> 03:05:13,496
IN THE PIPELINE LOOKING FORWARD 

4659
03:05:13,496 --> 03:05:16,366
WITH GREAT OPTIMISM TO HAVING 

4660
03:05:16,366 --> 03:05:18,768
NEW EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS.

4661
03:05:18,768 --> 03:05:21,171
RISK REDUCTION NONE, INTENSIVE 

4662
03:05:21,171 --> 03:05:23,973
BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL, HEARING 

4663
03:05:23,973 --> 03:05:24,307
INTERVENTIONS.

4664
03:05:24,307 --> 03:05:27,977
MOST DETERMINANTS TAILOR 

4665
03:05:27,977 --> 03:05:30,880
LIFESTYLE TO RISK FACTORS PROVE 

4666
03:05:30,880 --> 03:05:34,117
TO BE EFFECTIVE.

4667
03:05:34,117 --> 03:05:35,985
MULTIVITAMIN USE HAS BEEN SHOWN 

4668
03:05:35,985 --> 03:05:38,688
TO POTENTIALLY UTILITY IN 

4669
03:05:38,688 --> 03:05:39,956
DECREASING A RISK OF 

4670
03:05:39,956 --> 03:05:43,093
ALZHEIMER'S.

4671
03:05:43,093 --> 03:05:47,897
FOR CARE AND CAREGIVING, TWO 

4672
03:05:47,897 --> 03:05:49,866
EARLY STAGE TWO HAVE TRANSLATED 

4673
03:05:49,866 --> 03:05:54,838
TO IMPLEMENTATION IN LARGE SCALE

4674
03:05:54,838 --> 03:05:56,840
WITH POPULATIONS IN NEED.

4675
03:05:56,840 --> 03:05:59,976
ONE OF THE LIMITING FACTORS AND 

4676
03:05:59,976 --> 03:06:02,178
CRITICAL COME PONTS OF RESEARCH 

4677
03:06:02,178 --> 03:06:08,184
IN ALZHEIMER'S HAS BEEN HEROIC 

4678
03:06:08,184 --> 03:06:10,220
PARTICIPATION OF HUMAN 

4679
03:06:10,220 --> 03:06:11,888
PARTICIPANTS IN THESE STUDIES 

4680
03:06:11,888 --> 03:06:13,923
AND CHALLENGE WITH RECRUITING 

4681
03:06:13,923 --> 03:06:15,225
WITH DIVERSITY IN THESE STUDIES 

4682
03:06:15,225 --> 03:06:17,360
HAS BEEN ADDRESSED WITH SOME OF 

4683
03:06:17,360 --> 03:06:19,963
THE ONLINE RESOURCES THAT HAVE 

4684
03:06:19,963 --> 03:06:22,365
BEEN MADE AVAILABLE AS WELL AS 

4685
03:06:22,365 --> 03:06:24,167
NEW TRACKING SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE 

4686
03:06:24,167 --> 03:06:27,070
OUR ABILITY TO RECRUIT AND TRACK

4687
03:06:27,070 --> 03:06:31,107
OUR RECRUITS AND OPTIMIZE EARLY 

4688
03:06:31,107 --> 03:06:32,909
STAGE OF THESE STUDIES 

4689
03:06:32,909 --> 03:06:37,413
RECRUITING PEOPLE INTO TRIALS.

4690
03:06:37,413 --> 03:06:39,282
THERE ARE MANY OPPORTUNITIES FOR

4691
03:06:39,282 --> 03:06:39,516
INPUT.

4692
03:06:39,516 --> 03:06:41,017
THE NEXT LARGE SUMMIT COMING UP 

4693
03:06:41,017 --> 03:06:43,353
IN MARCH WILL BE ADDRESSING THE 

4694
03:06:43,353 --> 03:06:46,122
ALZHEIMER'S RELATED DEMENTIA 

4695
03:06:46,122 --> 03:06:48,291
SUMMITS AND ENCOURAGE ANY AND 

4696
03:06:48,291 --> 03:06:50,160
ALL TO PARTICIPATE WITH HUNDREDS

4697
03:06:50,160 --> 03:06:51,561
OF LEADING SCIENTISTS FROM 

4698
03:06:51,561 --> 03:06:55,331
AROUND THE WORLD AND THOUSANDS 

4699
03:06:55,331 --> 03:06:57,066
ONLINE PROVIDING INPUT AND 

4700
03:06:57,066 --> 03:06:58,568
UPDATES AND OPPORTUNITIES AND 

4701
03:06:58,568 --> 03:06:59,335
GAPS THAT WILL DRIVE RESEARCH IN

4702
03:06:59,335 --> 03:07:01,871
THE YEARS TO COME.

4703
03:07:01,871 --> 03:07:03,840
AND THIS JUST A LIST OF THE VERY

4704
03:07:03,840 --> 03:07:07,911
MANY WAYS WE HOPE YOU CAN STAY 

4705
03:07:07,911 --> 03:07:09,412
IN TOUCH AND PROVIDE INPUT INTO 

4706
03:07:09,412 --> 03:07:11,981
WHAT WE ARE DOING.

4707
03:07:11,981 --> 03:07:15,385
THANKS.

4708
03:07:15,385 --> 03:07:16,920
>> RICHARD, THANK YOU SO
MUCH.

4709
03:07:16,920 --> 03:07:20,056
AND THIS IS NOW OPEN FOR 

4710
03:07:20,056 --> 03:07:24,327
QUESTIONS.

4711
03:07:24,327 --> 03:07:25,328
>> OKAY.

4712
03:07:25,328 --> 03:07:29,933
WHO WANTS TO GO FIRST?

4713
03:07:29,933 --> 03:07:32,569
IT IS ALWAYS HARD TO BE THE LAST

4714
03:07:32,569 --> 03:07:36,940
PERSON, RICHARD.

4715
03:07:36,940 --> 03:07:40,743
>> THARNGS FOR A VERY 

4716
03:07:40,743 --> 03:07:41,344
COMPREHENSIVE PRESENTATION.

4717
03:07:41,344 --> 03:07:43,379
MY QUESTION IS RELATED TO REAL 

4718
03:07:43,379 --> 03:07:46,783
WORLD DATA AND HOW IT CAN GUIDE 

4719
03:07:46,783 --> 03:07:49,018
RECRUITMENT OF DIVERSE 

4720
03:07:49,018 --> 03:07:51,521
POPULATIONS.

4721
03:07:51,521 --> 03:07:55,091
WHAT ARE THE CURRENT PLANS FOR 

4722
03:07:55,091 --> 03:07:55,325
ITS USE?

4723
03:07:55,325 --> 03:07:58,895
>> THAT'S A GREAT
QUESTION.

4724
03:07:58,895 --> 03:08:01,197
SO WE ALREADY HAVE, AS I HAVE 

4725
03:08:01,197 --> 03:08:02,665
MENTIONED REAL WORLD IN DATA 

4726
03:08:02,665 --> 03:08:04,200
POPULATIONS THE NURSING HOME 

4727
03:08:04,200 --> 03:08:07,470
NETWORK AS ONE OF THE EXAMPLES.

4728
03:08:07,470 --> 03:08:10,106
THE DATA COUNTS ENTERPRISE WHICH

4729
03:08:10,106 --> 03:08:11,975
YOU'VE BEEN HEARING ABOUT FROM 

4730
03:08:11,975 --> 03:08:12,675
MONICA.

4731
03:08:12,675 --> 03:08:14,878
IT IS THE FUTURE OF THIS KIND OF

4732
03:08:14,878 --> 03:08:17,614
RESEARCH IN WHICH RECRUITING 

4733
03:08:17,614 --> 03:08:19,749
PEOPLE FROM DIVERSE PARTS OF THE

4734
03:08:19,749 --> 03:08:21,484
COUNTRY INTO POPULATIONS TO 

4735
03:08:21,484 --> 03:08:23,620
ALLOW US TO IDENTIFY THOSE FROM 

4736
03:08:23,620 --> 03:08:26,222
REAL WORLD DATA WHO ARE AT RISK 

4737
03:08:26,222 --> 03:08:28,224
AND ARE PARTICIPANTS FOR 

4738
03:08:28,224 --> 03:08:29,859
RECRUITMENT IN THE TRIALS 

4739
03:08:29,859 --> 03:08:31,361
WORKING WITH EXISTS RESOURCES 

4740
03:08:31,361 --> 03:08:33,830
SUCH AS ALL OF US.

4741
03:08:33,830 --> 03:08:38,601
WE HAD LINKAGES ESTABLISHED VERY

4742
03:08:38,601 --> 03:08:41,404
EFFECTIVE TOGETHER WITH CMS 

4743
03:08:41,404 --> 03:08:43,406
LINKING MEDICARE DATA TO HEALTH 

4744
03:08:43,406 --> 03:08:46,776
RECORDS AND USING THESE AS A 

4745
03:08:46,776 --> 03:08:48,645
SAMPLING FRAME TO HELP US 

4746
03:08:48,645 --> 03:08:50,213
RECRUIT, THIS TOPIC OF REAL 

4747
03:08:50,213 --> 03:08:53,049
WORLD DATA AND HOW WE CAN MOST 

4748
03:08:53,049 --> 03:08:55,018
EFFECTIVELY AND PAIR WITH 

4749
03:08:55,018 --> 03:08:56,819
MONICA'S ABLE LEADERSHIP IN THE 

4750
03:08:56,819 --> 03:08:59,055
FIELD IS IMPORTANT PART OF 

4751
03:08:59,055 --> 03:09:01,291
ADDRESSING RECRUITMENT INTO 

4752
03:09:01,291 --> 03:09:01,958
STUDIES AND TRACKING WHAT 

4753
03:09:01,958 --> 03:09:03,359
HAPPENS ONCE THERE ARE OUTCOMES.

4754
03:09:03,359 --> 03:09:07,030
IT IS ONE THING TO CARRY OUT 

4755
03:09:07,030 --> 03:09:08,364
CLINICAL TRIALS AND ANOTHER HOW 

4756
03:09:08,364 --> 03:09:11,534
THEY FARE WHEN APPLIED IN BROAD 

4757
03:09:11,534 --> 03:09:11,935
POPULATIONS.

4758
03:09:11,935 --> 03:09:16,472
>> GISELLE, YOU ARE NEXT.

4759
03:09:16,472 --> 03:09:19,676
>> RICHARD, DR. HODES,
THANK YOU

4760
03:09:19,676 --> 03:09:21,978
SO MUCH FOR THE INCREDIBLE WORK 

4761
03:09:21,978 --> 03:09:23,379
YOU HAVE DONE AROUND AGING AND 

4762
03:09:23,379 --> 03:09:24,747
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

4763
03:09:24,747 --> 03:09:27,617
I WANTED TO ASK YOU ARE WE AT 

4764
03:09:27,617 --> 03:09:31,955
THE POINT WHERE THERE'S -- WHERE

4765
03:09:31,955 --> 03:09:34,457
WE'RE READY FOR AN ALZHEIMER'S 

4766
03:09:34,457 --> 03:09:34,724
MOONSHOT?

4767
03:09:34,724 --> 03:09:35,959
DO WE HAVE THE PIECES TOGETHER 

4768
03:09:35,959 --> 03:09:38,594
TO ALLOW US TO SEE THE KINDS OF 

4769
03:09:38,594 --> 03:09:40,496
ADVANCES AND LEAPS?

4770
03:09:40,496 --> 03:09:43,099
ARE WE READY TO SET A GOAL OF 

4771
03:09:43,099 --> 03:09:45,068
ELIMINATING OR REDUCING THE RISK

4772
03:09:45,068 --> 03:09:46,669
OF ALZHEIMER'S BY A SET DATE?

4773
03:09:46,669 --> 03:09:49,739
IF WE ARE, WHY HAVEN'T WE DONE 

4774
03:09:49,739 --> 03:09:51,607
SO ALREADY AND IF NOT, WHAT ELSE

4775
03:09:51,607 --> 03:09:53,876
DO WE NEED TO DO TO GET TO THAT 

4776
03:09:53,876 --> 03:09:54,077
POINT?

4777
03:09:54,077 --> 03:09:55,979
>> I CERTAINLY AGREE THAT
IS THE

4778
03:09:55,979 --> 03:09:56,546
GOAL.

4779
03:09:56,546 --> 03:09:58,081
IN FACT, IT HAS BEEN.

4780
03:09:58,081 --> 03:09:59,983
IT IS AN EXPLICIT GOAL IN THE 

4781
03:09:59,983 --> 03:10:01,184
ALZHEIMER'S PLAN.

4782
03:10:01,184 --> 03:10:05,455
FIRST IT WAS TO IDENTIFY 

4783
03:10:05,455 --> 03:10:07,056
EFFECTIVE TREATMENT AND 

4784
03:10:07,056 --> 03:10:08,624
PREVENTIVE INTERVENTIONS BY 

4785
03:10:08,624 --> 03:10:08,825
2025.

4786
03:10:08,825 --> 03:10:11,661
AND THAT PLAN HAS NOW BEEN 

4787
03:10:11,661 --> 03:10:14,130
LEGISLATIVELY RENEGOTIATED.

4788
03:10:14,130 --> 03:10:20,837
BUT AS I ILLUSTRATED, THE FIRST 

4789
03:10:20,837 --> 03:10:22,672
STEPS TOWARD IDENTIFICATION OF A

4790
03:10:22,672 --> 03:10:24,774
TREATMENT THAT HAS SOME EFFECT 

4791
03:10:24,774 --> 03:10:26,209
IN TREATING ALZHEIMER'S, 

4792
03:10:26,209 --> 03:10:29,379
IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS 

4793
03:10:29,379 --> 03:10:31,314
AND IDENTIFICATION OF HELP AND 

4794
03:10:31,314 --> 03:10:32,181
PREVENTION ARE CLEARLY IMPORTANT

4795
03:10:32,181 --> 03:10:33,783
HARD STEPS BUT NOT SUFFICIENT.

4796
03:10:33,783 --> 03:10:36,352
SO OUR COMMITMENTS NOW ARE 

4797
03:10:36,352 --> 03:10:38,221
CERTAINLY AT THE MOONSHOT LEVEL 

4798
03:10:38,221 --> 03:10:39,922
OF TAKING THE CONSIDERABLE 

4799
03:10:39,922 --> 03:10:42,025
RESOURCES WE HAVE AND MAXIMIZING

4800
03:10:42,025 --> 03:10:43,993
AT EACH STAGE AS I TRIED TO 

4801
03:10:43,993 --> 03:10:45,928
ILLUSTRATE, A SYSTEMATIC WAY OF 

4802
03:10:45,928 --> 03:10:48,731
GOING FROM IDENTIFYING RISK 

4803
03:10:48,731 --> 03:10:50,199
FACTORS, MOVING INTO PRECLINICAL

4804
03:10:50,199 --> 03:10:52,468
AND TRANSLATIONAL STUDIES AND 

4805
03:10:52,468 --> 03:10:55,505
RESOURCES INFRASTRUCTURE ARE 

4806
03:10:55,505 --> 03:10:58,007
THERE WITH EVERYONE WITH BRIGHT 

4807
03:10:58,007 --> 03:11:01,944
IDEAS TO ACCELERATE THOSE IDEAS 

4808
03:11:01,944 --> 03:11:02,912
INTO TREATMENTS.

4809
03:11:02,912 --> 03:11:04,747
WHY WE ARE NOT THERE YET IS A 

4810
03:11:04,747 --> 03:11:07,483
SOURCE OF FRUSTRATION FOR ALL OF

4811
03:11:07,483 --> 03:11:07,817
US.

4812
03:11:07,817 --> 03:11:09,218
IT IS A CLEARLY CHALLENGING 

4813
03:11:09,218 --> 03:11:09,786
PROBLEM.

4814
03:11:09,786 --> 03:11:11,587
THERE IS GROUNDS FOR GREAT 

4815
03:11:11,587 --> 03:11:14,557
EXCITEMENT BASED ON THE ENORMOUS

4816
03:11:14,557 --> 03:11:16,526
ACCELERATION AND THE MEANS TO 

4817
03:11:16,526 --> 03:11:19,028
TRANSLATE RAPIDLY.

4818
03:11:19,028 --> 03:11:20,630
WE ARE IMPATIENT.

4819
03:11:20,630 --> 03:11:24,901
WE ARE DISSATISFIED BUT EXCITED 

4820
03:11:24,901 --> 03:11:27,837
AND ENCOURAGED FOR WHAT IS TO 

4821
03:11:27,837 --> 03:11:28,037
COME.

4822
03:11:28,037 --> 03:11:30,073
SURE APPRECIATE THE QUESTION.

4823
03:11:30,073 --> 03:11:32,241
>> RUSS, YOU ARE NEXT,
PLEASE.

4824
03:11:32,241 --> 03:11:35,912
>> LET ME ECHO THE
APPRECIATION 

4825
03:11:35,912 --> 03:11:39,682
FOR THE AMAZING WORK THAT IS 

4826
03:11:39,682 --> 03:11:41,217
BEING DONE AND I HOPE AMERICA 

4827
03:11:41,217 --> 03:11:43,086
TAXPAYERS ARE WATCHING THE VIDEO

4828
03:11:43,086 --> 03:11:45,054
FEED BECAUSE THEY WILL FEEL THEY

4829
03:11:45,054 --> 03:11:46,189
ARE GETTING GREAT VALUE FOR 

4830
03:11:46,189 --> 03:11:46,722
THEIR INVESTMENT IN THIS 

4831
03:11:46,722 --> 03:11:47,757
RESEARCH.

4832
03:11:47,757 --> 03:11:50,793
MY QUESTION FOLLOWS ON 

4833
03:11:50,793 --> 03:11:51,094
GISELLE'S.

4834
03:11:51,094 --> 03:11:53,663
AS WE LOOK AT HOW THIS CRISIS IS

4835
03:11:53,663 --> 03:11:56,699
GOING TO BE ADDRESSED, IT LOOKS 

4836
03:11:56,699 --> 03:11:59,969
LIKE THE EASY FIXES OF TARGETING

4837
03:11:59,969 --> 03:12:03,005
TAU OR AMYLOID HAVE NOT PANNED 

4838
03:12:03,005 --> 03:12:06,409
OUT AS ONE WOULD HAVE WISHED.

4839
03:12:06,409 --> 03:12:07,977
THIS SEEMS MORE LIKE A 

4840
03:12:07,977 --> 03:12:09,579
PREVENTION DISEASE AT THIS POINT

4841
03:12:09,579 --> 03:12:11,147
THAN A REVERSAL DISEASE.

4842
03:12:11,147 --> 03:12:13,749
WITH ALL THE WORK BEING DONE ON 

4843
03:12:13,749 --> 03:12:15,251
BIOMARKERS AND SURROGATE MARKERS

4844
03:12:15,251 --> 03:12:18,187
FOR DISEASE, WHAT ARE THE 

4845
03:12:18,187 --> 03:12:21,491
PROSPECTS FOR VERY EARLY 

4846
03:12:21,491 --> 03:12:23,960
DETECTION?

4847
03:12:23,960 --> 03:12:27,296
I'M BASED IN SEATTLE SO I'M 

4848
03:12:27,296 --> 03:12:30,733
FAMILIAR WITH THE HEALTHY 

4849
03:12:30,733 --> 03:12:31,634
POPULATIONS THAT DEVELOP 

4850
03:12:31,634 --> 03:12:32,835
DEMENTIA TO DEVELOP THESE 

4851
03:12:32,835 --> 03:12:33,436
MARKERS.

4852
03:12:33,436 --> 03:12:35,972
FROM THE AGING INSTITUTE'S 

4853
03:12:35,972 --> 03:12:39,842
PERSPECTIVE, WHAT SORT OF THE 

4854
03:12:39,842 --> 03:12:41,444
PROGRAMMATIC EMPHASIS HERE ON 

4855
03:12:41,444 --> 03:12:41,944
EARLY DETECTION?

4856
03:12:41,944 --> 03:12:44,013
>> GREAT IMPORTANCE.

4857
03:12:44,013 --> 03:12:46,983
SO IT INVOLVES CON VERY JENS OF 

4858
03:12:46,983 --> 03:12:47,817
NECESSARY COMPONENTS.

4859
03:12:47,817 --> 03:12:49,952
FIRST THE IDENTIFICATION AS YOU 

4860
03:12:49,952 --> 03:12:52,221
ARE NOTING OF RISK FACTORS.

4861
03:12:52,221 --> 03:12:54,924
SOME OF THOSE RISK FACTORS WELL 

4862
03:12:54,924 --> 03:12:58,694
KNOWN ALREADY, SUCH THINGS AS 

4863
03:12:58,694 --> 03:13:02,198
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK, HEAD 

4864
03:13:02,198 --> 03:13:02,932
TRAUMA.

4865
03:13:02,932 --> 03:13:05,768
OTHERS ARE FORMULATED 

4866
03:13:05,768 --> 03:13:07,503
GENETICALLY, WHICH HELP IDENTIFY

4867
03:13:07,503 --> 03:13:09,138
THOSE AT HIGHEST RISK AS WELL.

4868
03:13:09,138 --> 03:13:11,674
AND THERE ARE MORE EXPLICIT OR 

4869
03:13:11,674 --> 03:13:13,776
DIRECT BIOMARKERS JUST BEING 

4870
03:13:13,776 --> 03:13:15,077
DEVELOPED ACTUALLY REFLECTING 

4871
03:13:15,077 --> 03:13:16,979
PROCESSES GOING ON IN THE BRAIN 

4872
03:13:16,979 --> 03:13:18,781
THAT ARE EARLY PRECLINICAL 

4873
03:13:18,781 --> 03:13:19,949
STAGES OF THE PROCESSES.

4874
03:13:19,949 --> 03:13:22,752
THOSE ARE COMING ALONG AT A 

4875
03:13:22,752 --> 03:13:24,887
DRAMATIC PACE TO THE POINT WHERE

4876
03:13:24,887 --> 03:13:27,490
IT IS CONCEIVABLE TO SCREEN VERY

4877
03:13:27,490 --> 03:13:29,525
LARGE NUMBERS OF INDIVIDUALS AT 

4878
03:13:29,525 --> 03:13:31,961
RISK AND AT THOSE EARLY STAGES 

4879
03:13:31,961 --> 03:13:36,933
IN CLINICAL TRIALS, PREVENTION, 

4880
03:13:36,933 --> 03:13:40,503
PHA

4881
03:13:40,503 --> 03:13:41,003
PHARMACOLOGIC.

4882
03:13:41,003 --> 03:13:43,172
WE ARE AT THE POINT TO THE 

4883
03:13:43,172 --> 03:13:47,043
DEGREE TO WHICH WE TOOK ALL THE 

4884
03:13:47,043 --> 03:13:51,013
KNOWN STATISTICAL RISK FACTORS 

4885
03:13:51,013 --> 03:13:52,515
WE COULD REDUCE ALZHEIMER'S.

4886
03:13:52,515 --> 03:13:55,651
IT THERE IS AN IMPORTANT 

4887
03:13:55,651 --> 03:13:56,786
DISTWINS BETWEEN IDENTIFYING 

4888
03:13:56,786 --> 03:13:58,754
SOMETHING AS A RISK FACTOR AND 

4889
03:13:58,754 --> 03:14:00,756
SHOWING EM PEERICALLY MODIFYING 

4890
03:14:00,756 --> 03:14:01,757
WILL HAVE THE ANTICIPATED 

4891
03:14:01,757 --> 03:14:01,991
IMPACT.

4892
03:14:01,991 --> 03:14:04,327
THAT IS WHERE WE ARE NOW.

4893
03:14:04,327 --> 03:14:05,995
WE HAVE LARGE SCALE STUDIES 

4894
03:14:05,995 --> 03:14:09,165
GOING ON IN INDIVIDUALS AT RISK 

4895
03:14:09,165 --> 03:14:11,067
LOOKING AT PREVENTIVE MEASURES 

4896
03:14:11,067 --> 03:14:13,736
THAT ARE IN SOME CASES 

4897
03:14:13,736 --> 03:14:14,136
MULTIDETERMINANT.

4898
03:14:14,136 --> 03:14:19,108
LOOKING AT THE INDIVIDUAL AND 

4899
03:14:19,108 --> 03:14:21,744
LOOKING AT EXERCISE PROGRAMS, 

4900
03:14:21,744 --> 03:14:24,647
WEIGHT PROGRAMS AND NUTRITION.

4901
03:14:24,647 --> 03:14:27,216
WE ARE ADDING THE BIOMARKERS SO 

4902
03:14:27,216 --> 03:14:29,185
WE DON'T HAVE TO WAIT FIVE, 10, 

4903
03:14:29,185 --> 03:14:32,922
20 YEARS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC PEOPLE

4904
03:14:32,922 --> 03:14:34,657
TO SHOW COGNITIVE CHANGES BUT 

4905
03:14:34,657 --> 03:14:36,926
ANTICIPATE BY STUDIES OF 

4906
03:14:36,926 --> 03:14:37,226
BIOMARKERS.

4907
03:14:37,226 --> 03:14:38,794
THIS IS REALLY NEW STUFF.

4908
03:14:38,794 --> 03:14:41,631
WI HAVE BIOMARKERS THAT ARE 

4909
03:14:41,631 --> 03:14:46,068
ACCESSIBLE ENOUGH, BLOOD, 

4910
03:14:46,068 --> 03:14:47,970
INEXPENSIVE ENOUGH THAT BE 

4911
03:14:47,970 --> 03:14:51,874
APPLIED TO LARGE POPULATIONS IN 

4912
03:14:51,874 --> 03:14:54,110
CONCERT WITH INTERVENTIONS.

4913
03:14:54,110 --> 03:14:57,046
>> MY QUESTION IS A LITTLE

4914
03:14:57,046 --> 03:14:58,014
DIFFERENT.

4915
03:14:58,014 --> 03:15:03,185
ARE REREADY TO USE THE RISK 

4916
03:15:03,185 --> 03:15:07,423
FACTORS TO IDENTIFY IN CLINICAL 

4917
03:15:07,423 --> 03:15:08,658
TRIALS HIGHER THAN RISKED A 

4918
03:15:08,658 --> 03:15:11,327
BASELINE TO IMPROVE THEIR POWER?

4919
03:15:11,327 --> 03:15:12,995
ARE WE READY TO TAKE A BLOOD 

4920
03:15:12,995 --> 03:15:15,831
SAMPLE AND SAY YOU HAVE A 20% 

4921
03:15:15,831 --> 03:15:16,899
CHANCE OF DEVELOPING ALZHEIMER'S

4922
03:15:16,899 --> 03:15:18,367
IN THE NEXT FOUR YEARS AND 

4923
03:15:18,367 --> 03:15:19,568
THEREFORE YOU COME IN THIS TRIAL

4924
03:15:19,568 --> 03:15:21,470
BECAUSE YOU ARE IN A HIGH RISK 

4925
03:15:21,470 --> 03:15:23,306
GROUP OR ARE WE NOT THERE YET?

4926
03:15:23,306 --> 03:15:25,941
>> NO, RUSSELL, ABSOLUTELY

4927
03:15:25,941 --> 03:15:26,142
THERE.

4928
03:15:26,142 --> 03:15:29,412
ALL OF OUR STUDIES NOW WHERE 

4929
03:15:29,412 --> 03:15:31,914
INITIALLY INDIVIDUALS WHO MIGHT 

4930
03:15:31,914 --> 03:15:34,050
BY COGNITIVE TESTING THOUGHT TO 

4931
03:15:34,050 --> 03:15:39,288
BE AT AN EARLY STAGE OR FAMILY 

4932
03:15:39,288 --> 03:15:40,189
HISTORIES WENT INTO STUDIES.

4933
03:15:40,189 --> 03:15:42,825
EARLY STUDY DAYS WE WERE 

4934
03:15:42,825 --> 03:15:47,730
TREATING FOR ANTI-AMYLOID EVEN 

4935
03:15:47,730 --> 03:15:50,199
IF WE DIDN'T KNOW THEY HAD IT.

4936
03:15:50,199 --> 03:15:51,934
THEN IN A PET SCAN, RIGHT NOW 

4937
03:15:51,934 --> 03:15:55,971
OUR SCREENING PROCESSES FOR 

4938
03:15:55,971 --> 03:15:59,208
INDIVIDUALS BLOOD BIOMARKERS AS 

4939
03:15:59,208 --> 03:16:01,243
THE FIRST STEP.

4940
03:16:01,243 --> 03:16:02,645
THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO SHOW 

4941
03:16:02,645 --> 03:16:05,081
POSITIVE GO ON TO SCREENING FOR 

4942
03:16:05,081 --> 03:16:08,150
ADMISSION INTO POLICY.

4943
03:16:08,150 --> 03:16:09,051
THAT IS ALREADY HERE.

4944
03:16:09,051 --> 03:16:11,520
>> GOOD.

4945
03:16:11,520 --> 03:16:15,958
THE ANALOGY IN MY FIELD MACULAR 

4946
03:16:15,958 --> 03:16:18,994
DEGENERATION TRIALS WHICH 

4947
03:16:18,994 --> 03:16:23,232
REQUIRED 5,000 PEOPLE SHOWED 

4948
03:16:23,232 --> 03:16:26,202
VITAMIN SLOWED IT.

4949
03:16:26,202 --> 03:16:28,838
THE BANDWIDTH OF THAT STUDY IS 

4950
03:16:28,838 --> 03:16:29,105
LIMITED.

4951
03:16:29,105 --> 03:16:31,307
I'M GLAD TO HEAR THAT BIOMARKER 

4952
03:16:31,307 --> 03:16:33,442
WORK IS GOING TO GO IN CLINICAL 

4953
03:16:33,442 --> 03:16:34,276
TRIAL DESIGN.

4954
03:16:34,276 --> 03:16:35,478
>> GREAT.

4955
03:16:35,478 --> 03:16:35,878
THANK YOU.

4956
03:16:35,878 --> 03:16:39,014
ELIZABETH, YOU ARE NEXT, PLEASE.

4957
03:16:39,014 --> 03:16:43,786
>> I HAVE A BASIC SCIENCE 

4958
03:16:43,786 --> 03:16:45,321
QUESTION, BUT I DIDN'T KNOW 

4959
03:16:45,321 --> 03:16:46,889
ABOUT THE CHRIST CHURCH VARIANT 

4960
03:16:46,889 --> 03:16:49,425
FOR APOE.

4961
03:16:49,425 --> 03:16:50,393
I'M VERY CURIOUS WHETHER YOU 

4962
03:16:50,393 --> 03:16:53,229
THINK -- I KNOW THIS IS A VERY 

4963
03:16:53,229 --> 03:16:54,930
EXCITING AREA FOR ALZHEIMER'S 

4964
03:16:54,930 --> 03:16:56,565
RESEARCH AND WHETHER YOU ARE 

4965
03:16:56,565 --> 03:16:57,833
CONSIDERING REALLY FUNDING THAT 

4966
03:16:57,833 --> 03:17:03,973
AREA TO DEVELOP AND SEE IF THIS 

4967
03:17:03,973 --> 03:17:05,207
COULD SOMEHOW BE A THERAPY.

4968
03:17:05,207 --> 03:17:07,109
>> YEAH.

4969
03:17:07,109 --> 03:17:07,410
ABSOLUTELY.

4970
03:17:07,410 --> 03:17:10,312
SO AN AREA AROUND PROTECTIVE 

4971
03:17:10,312 --> 03:17:12,815
VARIANTS AND THEIR BIOLOGY IS 

4972
03:17:12,815 --> 03:17:14,016
VERY MUCH AT THE FOREFRONT.

4973
03:17:14,016 --> 03:17:17,119
AS I MENTIONED, THERE IS ONE 

4974
03:17:17,119 --> 03:17:21,290
TRIAL, IN EARLY PHASE.

4975
03:17:21,290 --> 03:17:23,826
THEY MAY HAVE RESULTS AS EARLY 

4976
03:17:23,826 --> 03:17:26,796
AS THE NEXT FEW MONTHS THAT IS 

4977
03:17:26,796 --> 03:17:29,932
TAKEN EITHER -- SO APOE, THE 

4978
03:17:29,932 --> 03:17:34,336
GENE WITH MULTIPLE ALLELES, THE 

4979
03:17:34,336 --> 03:17:39,175
APOE4 IS THE HIGHEST ALLELE, 

4980
03:17:39,175 --> 03:17:40,543
APOE2, IF YOU HAVE THAT VARIANT 

4981
03:17:40,543 --> 03:17:43,412
SHOWS A DECREASED RISK.

4982
03:17:43,412 --> 03:17:44,480
THEN CHRIST CHURCH VARIANT.

4983
03:17:44,480 --> 03:17:47,450
TWO DIFFERENT STYLES OF A 

4984
03:17:47,450 --> 03:17:48,818
GENETIC VARIANT ASSOCIATED WITH 

4985
03:17:48,818 --> 03:17:49,952
LOWER RISK.

4986
03:17:49,952 --> 03:17:53,289
THERE ARE NOW TRIALS USED ADENO 

4987
03:17:53,289 --> 03:17:55,324
VIRUS INTRODUCTION INTO THE 

4988
03:17:55,324 --> 03:17:59,962
BRAIN OF CHRIST CHURCH APOE2 OR 

4989
03:17:59,962 --> 03:18:02,198
COMBINATIONS OF THE TWO, FIRST 

4990
03:18:02,198 --> 03:18:05,334
TO LOOK HOW WELL THEY PENETRATE 

4991
03:18:05,334 --> 03:18:08,504
AND EXPRESSED AND IMPACT APOE4 

4992
03:18:08,504 --> 03:18:13,342
AND AMYLOID.

4993
03:18:13,342 --> 03:18:22,084
WE ARE AT THE FOREFRONT.

4994
03:18:22,084 --> 03:18:22,918
EXTREMELY EXCITING TIME.

4995
03:18:22,918 --> 03:18:25,821
>> MARK, YOU ARE NEXT.

4996
03:18:25,821 --> 03:18:27,156
>> GREAT PRESENTATION.

4997
03:18:27,156 --> 03:18:29,024
I APPRECIATE THE NIA SUPPORTING 

4998
03:18:29,024 --> 03:18:31,994
OTHER INSTITUTES IN A COMMON 

4999
03:18:31,994 --> 03:18:38,734
GOAL TO FIGHT CEREBRAL VASCULAR 

5000
03:18:38,734 --> 03:18:39,235
DISEASE.

5001
03:18:39,235 --> 03:18:42,905
IT IS A VASCULARTURE.

5002
03:18:42,905 --> 03:18:53,349
THE AMYLOID BOYT -- BETA 

5003
03:18:55,684 --> 03:19:06,128
PARLIAMENTS ARE IN THE WE ARE 

5004
03:19:07,296 --> 03:19:09,131
TALKING ABOUT BLOOD FLOW TO THE 

5005
03:19:09,131 --> 03:19:09,331
BRAIN.

5006
03:19:09,331 --> 03:19:14,537
ONE OF THE DEFICITS IS IN 

5007
03:19:14,537 --> 03:19:16,539
CEREBRAL FUSION.

5008
03:19:16,539 --> 03:19:23,546
RHETT  -- RETINAL SCANS AND 

5009
03:19:23,546 --> 03:19:26,215
DIMINISH BLOOD FLOW IN THE EYE, 

5010
03:19:26,215 --> 03:19:26,882
NONINVASIVE TO THE CENTRAL 

5011
03:19:26,882 --> 03:19:32,221
NERVOUS SYSTEM.

5012
03:19:32,221 --> 03:19:35,925
OR SOME WAY OF ADDRESSING BLOOD 

5013
03:19:35,925 --> 03:19:39,428
FLOW BEFORE OVERT CLINICAL 

5014
03:19:39,428 --> 03:19:39,962
PROBLEMS.

5015
03:19:39,962 --> 03:19:40,896
>> ABSOLUTELY.

5016
03:19:40,896 --> 03:19:43,899
IN THE BRAIN STUDYING BRAIN FLOW

5017
03:19:43,899 --> 03:19:47,803
HAS LONG BEEN IMPORTANT IN MRI.

5018
03:19:47,803 --> 03:19:52,675
WE HAVE BEEN LOOKING AT 

5019
03:19:52,675 --> 03:19:53,175
MICROVASCULARTURE.

5020
03:19:53,175 --> 03:19:55,678
THE EYE HAS BECOME AN AREA OF 

5021
03:19:55,678 --> 03:19:57,379
VERY IMPORTANT EMPHASIS FOR 

5022
03:19:57,379 --> 03:20:03,152
MULTIPLE REASONS.

5023
03:20:03,152 --> 03:20:05,154
THERE HAVE BEEN FINDINGS OF 

5024
03:20:05,154 --> 03:20:07,523
AMYLOID IN THE RETINA.

5025
03:20:07,523 --> 03:20:10,993
NOW WITH EVEN MORE SOPHISTICATED

5026
03:20:10,993 --> 03:20:13,696
COLLABORATION INCLUDING NEI FOR 

5027
03:20:13,696 --> 03:20:15,464
MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS TO

5028
03:20:15,464 --> 03:20:18,334
WHAT IS HAPPENING IN TISSUES 

5029
03:20:18,334 --> 03:20:20,769
LIKE THE RETINA BEYOND SO FAR 

5030
03:20:20,769 --> 03:20:23,739
THE INTUITIVE OBSERVATIONS OF 

5031
03:20:23,739 --> 03:20:24,039
INDIVIDUALS.

5032
03:20:24,039 --> 03:20:27,376
VERY EXCITING.

5033
03:20:27,376 --> 03:20:32,548
NONINVASIVE, INEXPENSIVE, LARGE 

5034
03:20:32,548 --> 03:20:32,915
POPULATIONS.

5035
03:20:32,915 --> 03:20:36,518
>> LET ME THROW OUT ONE
OTHER 

5036
03:20:36,518 --> 03:20:36,785
BIOMARKER.

5037
03:20:36,785 --> 03:20:40,122
WE WORK ON CADICIL, THE MUTATION

5038
03:20:40,122 --> 03:20:41,223
OF THE -- GENE.

5039
03:20:41,223 --> 03:20:44,193
IT IS IMPLICATED IN SMALL VESSEL

5040
03:20:44,193 --> 03:20:45,027
DISEASE.

5041
03:20:45,027 --> 03:20:47,529
THAT COULD BE ANOTHER BIOMARKER.

5042
03:20:47,529 --> 03:20:49,565
IT DOES GET IN THE BLOOD STREAM.

5043
03:20:49,565 --> 03:20:54,570
IT IS ONLY IN SMOOTH MUSCLES IN 

5044
03:20:54,570 --> 03:20:55,237
THE BRAIN.

5045
03:20:55,237 --> 03:20:57,640
>> A NUMBER OF FACTORS IN
THE 

5046
03:20:57,640 --> 03:20:59,942
BLOOD AND THE BRAIN AND WHERE 

5047
03:20:59,942 --> 03:21:01,810
THE BLOOD MAY BE REFLECTING WHAT

5048
03:21:01,810 --> 03:21:03,946
IS HAPPENING IN THE BRAN AND 

5049
03:21:03,946 --> 03:21:09,251
IMPORTANT BIOMARKER AND THE 

5050
03:21:09,251 --> 03:21:12,254
CHALLENGES UBIQUITOUS AND MAYBE 

5051
03:21:12,254 --> 03:21:14,223
JUST THE SPECIES COMING FROM THE

5052
03:21:14,223 --> 03:21:16,659
BRAIN ARE IMPORTANT.

5053
03:21:16,659 --> 03:21:20,195
ANOTHER DIVERSION LOOKING INTO 

5054
03:21:20,195 --> 03:21:22,798
EXTRA CELLULAR VESICLES, WHERE 

5055
03:21:22,798 --> 03:21:25,501
ONE CAN TRACK THEIR ORIGIN, THE 

5056
03:21:25,501 --> 03:21:27,336
ORIGIN OF THEIR VESICLES AND 

5057
03:21:27,336 --> 03:21:31,173
LOOK AT THE MOLECULES IN THOSE 

5058
03:21:31,173 --> 03:21:33,142
VESICLES IS THE NEAR SCIENCE 

5059
03:21:33,142 --> 03:21:35,678
FICTION EXAMPLES HOW WE ARE 

5060
03:21:35,678 --> 03:21:36,845
PURSUING TO UNDERSTAND BETTER 

5061
03:21:36,845 --> 03:21:39,048
WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE BRAIN.

5062
03:21:39,048 --> 03:21:41,784
>> THANK YOU.

5063
03:21:41,784 --> 03:21:43,752
GISELLE, DID YOU HAVE AN 

5064
03:21:43,752 --> 03:21:48,490
ADDITIONAL QUESTION OR COMMENT?

5065
03:21:48,490 --> 03:21:49,391
>> NO.

5066
03:21:49,391 --> 03:21:50,225
I DIDN'T.

5067
03:21:50,225 --> 03:21:52,995
IS MY HAND STILL UP?

5068
03:21:52,995 --> 03:21:53,429
SORRY.

5069
03:21:53,429 --> 03:21:59,968
>> NO PROBLEM AT ALL.

5070
03:21:59,968 --> 03:22:01,804
>> I'M GOING TO TURN IT
BACK TO 

5071
03:22:01,804 --> 03:22:03,706
MONICA BECAUSE WE ARE JUST ABOUT

5072
03:22:03,706 --> 03:22:03,972
AT TIME.

5073
03:22:03,972 --> 03:22:05,774
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.

5074
03:22:05,774 --> 03:22:06,208
OKAY.

5075
03:22:06,208 --> 03:22:07,643
I'M JUST GOING TO DO A QUICK 

5076
03:22:07,643 --> 03:22:07,943
RECAP.

5077
03:22:07,943 --> 03:22:12,848
I THINK WE HAVE SOME SLIDES.

5078
03:22:12,848 --> 03:22:13,348
THANK YOU.

5079
03:22:13,348 --> 03:22:17,986
PT NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

5080
03:22:17,986 --> 03:22:18,721
OKAY.

5081
03:22:18,721 --> 03:22:21,290
WELL, WE ARE VERY PLEASED IN DAY

5082
03:22:21,290 --> 03:22:25,427
TWO OF OUR MEETING TO HAVE 

5083
03:22:25,427 --> 03:22:27,963
HIGHLIGHTS SOME NIH PROGRAMS, 

5084
03:22:27,963 --> 03:22:30,599
FIRST RESPONSIVE TO THE PEOPLE 

5085
03:22:30,599 --> 03:22:32,401
WITH NEEDS WITH MAJOR PROGRESS 

5086
03:22:32,401 --> 03:22:34,737
SINCE ITS INITIATION IN 2016 IN 

5087
03:22:34,737 --> 03:22:39,274
RESPONSE TO THE CANCER MOONSHOT.

5088
03:22:39,274 --> 03:22:42,511
ALSO WITH THE ABCD STORY, YOU'VE

5089
03:22:42,511 --> 03:22:44,847
SEEN A CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 

5090
03:22:44,847 --> 03:22:47,149
PROJECT REACHING DATA MATURITY 

5091
03:22:47,149 --> 03:22:50,219
NOW THAT ADDRESSES AN IMPORTANT 

5092
03:22:50,219 --> 03:22:54,022
KNOWLEDGE GAP IN ADOLESCENT 

5093
03:22:54,022 --> 03:22:55,390
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH.

5094
03:22:55,390 --> 03:22:59,194
WHAT A CRITICAL TIME TO SEE A 

5095
03:22:59,194 --> 03:23:00,796
RESOURCE LIKE THAT ARRIVE.

5096
03:23:00,796 --> 03:23:03,699
SO MANY THINGS THAT WE KNOW 

5097
03:23:03,699 --> 03:23:04,867
ABOUT OUR CHANGING WORLD THAT 

5098
03:23:04,867 --> 03:23:08,070
ARE BEING CAPTURED IN THE ABCD 

5099
03:23:08,070 --> 03:23:09,671
STUDY.

5100
03:23:09,671 --> 03:23:11,774
AND ALSO A REVIEW OF PROJECT OF 

5101
03:23:11,774 --> 03:23:14,076
THE NATIONAL PLAN TO ADRES 

5102
03:23:14,076 --> 03:23:15,944
ALZHEIMER'S AND RELATED 

5103
03:23:15,944 --> 03:23:17,780
DEMENTIAS.

5104
03:23:17,780 --> 03:23:19,414
TRULY COMPREHENSIVE DRIVE TO 

5105
03:23:19,414 --> 03:23:20,983
CAPITALIZE ON ALL TECHNOLOGIES 

5106
03:23:20,983 --> 03:23:22,951
AND PARTNERSHIPS TO UNDERSTAND 

5107
03:23:22,951 --> 03:23:25,154
AND OVERCOME SUFFERING FROM 

5108
03:23:25,154 --> 03:23:26,221
DEMENTIAS.

5109
03:23:26,221 --> 03:23:27,956
I APPRECIATED THE PRESENTATION 

5110
03:23:27,956 --> 03:23:30,225
FROM DR. JULIE GERBERDING 

5111
03:23:30,225 --> 03:23:31,894
OUTLINING OUR EVER GROWING 

5112
03:23:31,894 --> 03:23:32,828
PARTNERSHIP WITH THE FOUNDATION 

5113
03:23:32,828 --> 03:23:33,929
FOR THE NIH.

5114
03:23:33,929 --> 03:23:39,668
I PARTICIPATED IN THE BIOMARKER 

5115
03:23:39,668 --> 03:23:41,136
CONSORTIUM QUITE A NUMBER OF 

5116
03:23:41,136 --> 03:23:43,138
YEARS AGO WHEN IT FIRST ARRIVED.

5117
03:23:43,138 --> 03:23:45,841
IT IS AMAZING TO SEE HOW MUCH 

5118
03:23:45,841 --> 03:23:47,009
FOUNDATION FOR NIH IS DOING FOR 

5119
03:23:47,009 --> 03:23:47,643
US TODAY.

5120
03:23:47,643 --> 03:23:51,947
IT IS REALLY OUR PRINCIPAL 

5121
03:23:51,947 --> 03:24:00,489
COLLABORATOR AS WE EXECUTE 

5122
03:24:00,489 --> 03:24:02,191
PUBLIC-PRI

5123
03:24:02,191 --> 03:24:03,058
PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PERSON 

5124
03:24:03,058 --> 03:24:03,392
PARTNERSHIPS.

5125
03:24:03,392 --> 03:24:05,627
I HOPE WITH THIS MEETING WE HAVE

5126
03:24:05,627 --> 03:24:06,562
ILLUSTRATED WITH VERY CLEAR 

5127
03:24:06,562 --> 03:24:08,197
EXAMPLES BUT I'LL TELL YOU THERE

5128
03:24:08,197 --> 03:24:12,901
ARE MANY MORE, THAT NIH IS NOT A

5129
03:24:12,901 --> 03:24:16,505
COLLECTION OF 27 SILOS, BUT 

5130
03:24:16,505 --> 03:24:20,709
INSTEAD A REALLY HIGHLY 

5131
03:24:20,709 --> 03:24:23,045
COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT THAT 

5132
03:24:23,045 --> 03:24:25,581
IS GROUNDED IN FUNDAMENTAL 

5133
03:24:25,581 --> 03:24:29,952
SCIENCE THAT FOCUSED ON 

5134
03:24:29,952 --> 03:24:31,353
DELIVERING HEALTH AND ALSO ON 

5135
03:24:31,353 --> 03:24:32,821
NURTURING THE NEXT GENERATION.

5136
03:24:32,821 --> 03:24:34,756
WITH THAT, THIS BRINGS US TO THE

5137
03:24:34,756 --> 03:24:36,792
CLOSE OF OUR DIRECTOR'S ADVISORY

5138
03:24:36,792 --> 03:24:38,260
COMMITTEE MEETING TODAY.

5139
03:24:38,260 --> 03:24:41,396
I JUST WANT TO THANK ALL OF THE 

5140
03:24:41,396 --> 03:24:42,965
PEOPLE IN THE OFFICE OF THE 

5141
03:24:42,965 --> 03:24:44,233
DIRECTOR HERE AT NIH, THE 

5142
03:24:44,233 --> 03:24:46,768
SUPPORT TEAM THAT HELPED 

5143
03:24:46,768 --> 03:24:47,436
COORDINATE THIS MEETING.

5144
03:24:47,436 --> 03:24:50,639
TO ALL OF THE SPEAKERS WHO I 

5145
03:24:50,639 --> 03:24:51,673
THINK JUST DID SUCH A WONDERFUL 

5146
03:24:51,673 --> 03:24:55,010
JOB AND MOST OF ALL TO THE 

5147
03:24:55,010 --> 03:24:55,944
COMMITTEE MEMBERS.

5148
03:24:55,944 --> 03:24:58,981
WE'RE SO GRATEFUL FOR YOUR 

5149
03:24:58,981 --> 03:25:01,049
GENEROUS AND KNOWLEDGEABLE 

5150
03:25:01,049 --> 03:25:01,416
PARTICIPATION.

5151
03:25:01,416 --> 03:25:02,851
FINALLY, BEFORE I GAVEL US OUT, 

5152
03:25:02,851 --> 03:25:06,889
I JUST WANT TO AGAIN EXPRESS MY 

5153
03:25:06,889 --> 03:25:09,258
GRATITUDE TO EVERYONE FOR THE 

5154
03:25:09,258 --> 03:25:11,793
INCREDIBLE PRIVILEGE OF SERVING 

5155
03:25:11,793 --> 03:25:12,895
AS NIH DIRECTOR.

5156
03:25:12,895 --> 03:25:15,831
SO WITH THAT, I'M GOING TO BANG 

5157
03:25:15,831 --> 03:25:16,632
THE GAVEL.

5158
03:25:16,632 --> 03:25:18,934
I WISH YOU ALL A WONDERFUL 

5159
03:25:18,934 --> 03:25:21,003
HOLIDAY SEASON AND A VERY HAPPY 

5160
03:25:21,003 --> 03:25:21,937
AND HEALTHY 2025.

5161
03:25:21,937 --> 03:25:32,314
SO MEETING ADJOURNED.