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>>WELCOME

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IT'S AGAIN MY PLEASURE TO

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WELCOME YOU TO THE SECOND

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MEETING FOR THE AGRICULTURE AND

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DIET, VALUE ADDED FOR NUTRITION,

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TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION AND

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GLOBAL ECOLOGY.

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LAST WEEK I MENTIONED THE

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ADVANTAGE PROJECT WILL AID THE

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GLOBAL COMMUNITIES IN THE

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INTERSECTION OF CLIMATE AND

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ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND FOOD

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SYSTEMS, NUTRITION, AND HEALTH

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BY FOCUSING ON THE EVIDENCE.

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SPECIFICALLY WHAT IS KNOWN, AND

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UNKNOWN, HOW GAPS IN THAT

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EVIDENCE MIGHT BE ADDRESSED.

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AND HOW TO APPLY THAT EVIDENCE

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MOST EFFECTIVELY IN SUPPORT OF

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SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT

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PROGRAMMES AND POLICIES.

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TODAY'S WORKSHOP IS A SECOND OF

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FIVE AND WE'LL BE FOCUSED ON THE

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IMPACT OF CLIMATE AND

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ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON DIETARY

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PATTERNS, ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS

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AND CHOICES.

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I WANT TO SPECIFICALLY RECOGNIZE

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Dr. DAN RAY DEN FROM CHILD

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HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AS

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THE FEAR LESS LEADER OF THE

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PROJECT AND Dr. ALISON

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STYBERG.

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THESE WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE

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WITHOUT DAN, WITHOUT ALISON, AND

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ALISON IS AMAZING TEAM AT THE

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ACADEMY.

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I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK AMY

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BUCKLEY, HER TEAM AND ALL THE

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INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE WORKED

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BEHIND THE SCENES TO COORDINATE

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THESE VIRTUAL WORKSHOPS.

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ALTHOUGH WE'RE ALL USED TO

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VIRTUAL MEETINGS, WE ALSO KNOW

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THEY JUST DON'T HAPPEN WITHOUT A

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LOT OF LOGISTICAL SUPPORT.

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ALSO FOR THOSE JOINING US VIA

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VIDEO CAST, FEEL FREE TO

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ACCEPTED QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS

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TO ADVANTAGE.NICHD@NIH GOV.

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I WILL PASS IT TO GIVE AN EVERY

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VIEW OF THE PROJECT AND

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INTRODUCE THE CO-CHAIRS.

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TAKE IT AWAY.

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>> HI, EVERYBODY AND FOR
THOSE

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WHO JOINED US LAST WEEK WELCOME

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BACK FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE

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NEW, WELCOME TO ADVANTAGE.

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WE WILL SPEND A FEW MINUTES

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PROVIDING CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

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FOR THE PROJECT AND WHY WE'RE

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DOING WHAT WE'RE DOING.

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I WANT TO ECHO DREW'S GRATITUDE

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TO ALL OF THE STAFF THAT HAVE

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MADE THIS POSSIBLE AND AMY AND

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HER TEAM, DREW, AND THE

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LEADERSHIP AT NICHD WHO HAVE

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BEEN SUPPORTIVE OF THIS,

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INCLUDING DIANA BIANCHI AND

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Dr. ALISON SURNICK DEPUTY

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DIRECTOR OF NICHD.

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AND I WANT TO THANK ECHO DREW'S

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THANKS FOR ALISON AND HER TEAM

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AND YOU WILL MEET THE A AND B

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PART FER FOR THIS GROUP, THE A

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AND D TEAM ARE INEQUAL TO ALL OF

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THE WORKING GROUPS AND THE WHOLE

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PROJECT AND WE JUST WANT TO MAKE

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SURE THEY ACKNOWLEDGE THEIR

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TREMENDOUS CONTRIBUTION.

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SO WITH THAT, LET'S GET STARTED.

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NEXT SLIDE.

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THIS IS A FIGURE THAT JUST

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REPRESENTS OUR OVER ALL

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MOTIVATION IN WHAT WE DO.

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WE RECOGNIZE THAT AT NIH AND

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NICHD IN PARTICULAR, OUR JOB IS

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TO FOCUS ON THE EVIDENCE AND THE

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CONTINUUM OF EVIDENCE BASED

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PROGRAMMES AND POLICIES.

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OUR JOB IS IT TO SUPPORT THE

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COMMUNITY THAT ALL EVIDENCE

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AGAIN RATES.

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AND WE TRY TO BUILD IT TO HELP

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SUPPORT OUR MISSION WHICH IS OUR

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SPECIFIC MISSION IS FOCUSED ON

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ON PAR ANTS AND INFANTS AND

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CHILDREN.

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I'M NOT GOING TO PRESUME YOU

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DON'T KNOW WHAT THESE TERMS MEAN

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BUT IN THE CONTEXT OF THIS

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PROJECT IT'S IMPORTANT TO

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UNDERSTAND WHAT WE'RE TALKING

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ABOUT.

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YOU WILL HEAR THE TERM ECOLOGY

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FREQUENTLY THROUGHOUT THIS

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PROJECT AND THE BIO COL GEE WE

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TALKED ABOUT THE REACTIONS

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BETWEEN A COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL

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SYSTEM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT AND

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THAT ENVIRONMENT IN OUR CASE IN

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HEALTH, IT INCLUDES AN INTERNAL

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ENVIRONMENT, BIOLOGY, GENETICS

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AND OTHER FACTORS AS WELL AS AN

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EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT INCLUDING

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CLIMATE AND THE LARGER

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ENVIRONMENT HEALTH IS A PERFECT

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EXAMPLE OF AN OUTCOME THAT IS

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THE RESULT OF THIS TYPE OF AN AN

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INTERACTION THAT INVOLVES

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INTERACTIONS OF MULTIPLE

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SYSTEMS, BOTH INTERNALLY AND

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EXTERNALLY.

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FOOD, WHICH IS AN IMPORTANT PART

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OF WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT

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HERE, IS DEFINED FOR US AS A

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VEHICLE FOR DELIVERY OF

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NUTRIENTS AND OTHER BIOLOGICAL

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SUBSTANCES NECESSARY TO SUPPORT

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HEALTH.

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DIET IS A COMPOSITE OF FOODS.

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FOOD AND DIET ARE NOT THE SAME

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AS NUTRITION.

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NUTRITION FOR US IS THE GLUE

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THAT ACTUALLY TIES THE

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ENVIRONMENT, FOOD SYSTEMS, AND

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HEALTH TOGETHER.

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AND BY NUTRITION WE REFER TO

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NUTRITION AS A BIOLOGICAL

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VARIABLE THAT IS ACHIEVED AS A

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RESULT OF MULTIPLE PROCESS'S,

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THOSE PROCESSES START WITH FOOD

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IN A WELL-BALANCED DIET BUT ALSO

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INCLUDE MULTIPLE BIOLOGICAL

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PROCESSES, THEY'RE EFFECTED AND

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AFFECT NUTRITION AND THERE'S AND

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THEY NEED TO BE ACKNOWLEDGED AND

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FURTHER UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN

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DIET, FOOD, NUTRITION AND

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HEALTH.

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WITH REGARD TO THE TERM

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ENVIRONMENT WE TALKED ABOUT

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CLIMATE CHANGE/ENVIRONMENTAL

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CHANGE AND WE'RE TRYING TO TAKE

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A HOLISTIC BROADVIEW OF THIS.

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CLIMATE IS A MAJOR DRIVER BUT

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THERE ARE OTHER ASPECTS OF THE

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ENVIRONMENT THAT NEED TO BE

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CONSIDERED.

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YOU WILL HEAR ABOUT SOME OF

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THOSE TODAY.

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THIS IS A FIGURE THAT JUST

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REPRESENTS THE COMPLEXITY OF THE

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ENVIRONMENT WRIT LARGE.

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NEXT SLIDE.

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A CRITICAL PART OF THAT

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ENVIRONMENT ARE THE FOOD

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SYSTEMS.

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WORKING GROUP THREE NEXT WEEK

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WE'LL DELVE INTO FOOD SYSTEMS

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BUT YOU CAN SEE THAT FOOD

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SYSTEMS AND INDIVIDUAL FOOD SYSM

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WRIT LARGE ARE ALL PRODUCT OF

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INTERACTIONS OF THESE MULTIPLE

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PROPONENTS INCLUDING WHAT WE'RE

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HEAR ABOUT IS CONSUMER ATTITUDES

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AND BELIEFS THAT DRIVES

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DECISIONS ABOUT FOOD SYSTEMS.

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I WANT TO MAKE IT CLEAR THAT

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WHEN WE TALK ABOUT FOOD SYSTEMS,

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WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT A ONE

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DIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP.

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THERE'S A BIDIRECTIONAL

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RELATIONSHIP OR A RECIPROCAL

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMB AND

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ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND FOOD

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SYSTEMS AND THIS IS THE

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INTENTION OF THIS FIGURE IS TO

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MAKE THAT CLEAR.

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THEY ARE AFFECTED BY EACH OTHER.

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AND THERE'S ALSO A TIME FRAME

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THAT NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN

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WE'RE TALKING ABOUT THIS.

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WE LUMP THINGS TOGETHER AS

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CLIMATE CHANGE.

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CLIMATE CHANGE IS A LONG-TERM

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PROPOSITION.

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THERE ARE ACUTE EFFORTS AS A

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RESULT OF CLIMATE CHANGE BUT

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IT'S HAPPENING OVER A LONG-TERM

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AND WE HAVE TO CONSIDER THAT

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TIMEFRAME IN THE CONVERSATIONS

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THAT WE'RE HAVING.

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JUST TO BRIEF DISCUSSION OF THE

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GLOBAL HEALTH PROJECTS.

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WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THE

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD AND

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FOOD SUPPLY, THIS IS WHAT WE'RE

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KIND OF TALKING ABOUT.

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AGAIN, IT'S A BIDIRECTIONAL

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE

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CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE.

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WHEN YOU HAVE LIMITATIONS AND

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IMPACTS ON THE FOOD SYSTEM THAT

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ARE DETRIMENTAL IMPACTS ON THE

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FOOD SYSTEM YOU HAVE A VICIOUS

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CYCLE WHERE YOU HAVE FOOD AND

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NUTRITION INSECURITY THAT LEADS

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UP TO ACTS INCLUDING ADVERSE

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HEALTH OUTCOMES AND THERE'S A

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FEEDBACK LOOP THAT EFFECTS THE

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FOOD SYSTEM AND VICE VERSA.

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BUT WE HAVE TO RECOGNIZE THAT

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THIS IS A MUCH MORE COMPLICATED

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HEALTH CONTEXT THAN JUST A

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SUPPLY SIDE ISSUE.

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THAT TOP LINE IS A TRADITIONAL

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APPROACH THAT THE NUTRITION

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COMMUNITY HAS USED TO ADDRESS

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NUTRITION GLOBALLY.

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WE'VE HISTORICALLY REALLY

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FOCUSED ON UNDER NUTRITION WHICH

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CONTINUES TO BE A MAJOR DAUNTING

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CHALLENGE FOR US GLOBALLY.

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WE'RE GOING TO HEAR ABOUT IT

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FROM THE IMPACT OF THE NUTRITION

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TRANSITION.

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THAT'S BEEN GOING ON AND IT'S

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BEEN GOING ON BEFORE WE REALLY

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SORT OF CONSIDERED AN

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INTERACTION WITH CLIMATE BUT

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WE'RE HEAR THAT CLIMATE IS ALSO

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IMPACTING THE TRANSITION.

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THAT TRANSITION IS HAVING

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IMPLICATIONS FOR OTHER ASPECTS

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OF THE NUTRITION BOTH UNDER AND

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OVER NUTRITION OF THE DOUBLE

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BURDEN.

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BUT WHILE WE ARE CONSIDERING THE

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SUPPLY SIDE ISSUES OF FOOD AND

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NUTRITION, WE HAVE TO RECOGNIZE

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THAT THIS IS ALL HAPPENING IN

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THE CONTEXT OF PANDEMIC

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INFECTIONS.

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WE'RE JUST COMING OUT OF THE

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COVID INFECTION BUT WE STILL

257
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HAVE MALARIA AND T.B., ET

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CETERA.

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HIV EXISTING AND NEW AND

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EMERGING INFECTIONS AND A

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GROWING EPIDEMIC OF DISEASES.

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IN THE MIDDLE IS A RECOGNITION

263
00:09:40,320 --> 00:09:44,240
THERE ARE BIOLOGICAL UNIVERSAL

264
00:09:44,240 --> 00:09:45,200
RELATIONSHIPS THAT HAVE AND

265
00:09:45,200 --> 00:09:46,880
RELATE TO ALL OF THESE

266
00:09:46,880 --> 00:09:47,960
CONDITIONS AND THAT'S THE ROLE

267
00:09:47,960 --> 00:09:50,320
OF A MICROBIOME AND INFORMATION.

268
00:09:50,320 --> 00:09:52,560
AT BOTTOM IS A RECOGNITION THAT

269
00:09:52,560 --> 00:09:53,840
IS ALL OCCURRING OVER THE LIFE

270
00:09:53,840 --> 00:09:55,200
COURSE AND WE HAVE TO TAKE A

271
00:09:55,200 --> 00:09:56,200
LIFE COURSE APPROACH WHICH WE

272
00:09:56,200 --> 00:10:01,200
ARE TRYING TO DO ON THIS

273
00:10:01,200 --> 00:10:01,720
PROJECT.

274
00:10:01,720 --> 00:10:03,640
SO, WHEN YOU PUT THIS ALL

275
00:10:03,640 --> 00:10:05,320
TOGETHER, THIS IS FIGURE THAT

276
00:10:05,320 --> 00:10:06,720
REPRESENTS OUR VIEW OF THE

277
00:10:06,720 --> 00:10:08,640
ECOLOGY AND THE FACT THAT THE GO

278
00:10:08,640 --> 00:10:10,880
INTO THAT NUTRITION OF ECOLOGY

279
00:10:10,880 --> 00:10:15,800
BOTH THE INTERNAL BIOLOGY,

280
00:10:15,800 --> 00:10:21,000
EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT, YOU WILL

281
00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:22,960
HEAR ABOUT A LOT OF THAT TODAY.

282
00:10:22,960 --> 00:10:26,880
JUST WANT TO REINFORCE A NOTION

283
00:10:26,880 --> 00:10:28,720
THAT DREW RAISED IN HIS OPENING

284
00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:29,000
COMMENTS.

285
00:10:29,000 --> 00:10:31,520
ADVANTAGE IS NOT A PROJECT TO

286
00:10:31,520 --> 00:10:33,520
DEVELOP GUIDELINES

287
00:10:33,520 --> 00:10:35,160
RECOMMENDATIONS AOR STANDARDS OF

288
00:10:35,160 --> 00:10:35,640
CARE.

289
00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:38,800
BUT WE ARE DOING IS HOPEFULLY,

290
00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:40,320
PROVIDING EVIDENCE AND SUPPORT

291
00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:42,120
FOR THOSE AGENCIES AND

292
00:10:42,120 --> 00:10:43,440
ORGANIZATION THAT'S DO THAT.

293
00:10:43,440 --> 00:10:47,640
WE'RE GOING TO DO THAT BY

294
00:10:47,640 --> 00:10:50,600
PROVIDING SUPPORT TO THOSE

295
00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:51,680
ORGANIZATION AND WE'RE GOING TO

296
00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:55,000
DO THAT AS YOU WILL SEE BY

297
00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:57,640
ENGAGING OF BROAD SWATH OF

298
00:10:57,640 --> 00:10:58,600
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAMS TO

299
00:10:58,600 --> 00:10:59,920
ADDRESS THE EVIDENCE OF WHAT WE

300
00:10:59,920 --> 00:11:01,480
KNOW AND WHAT WE DON'T KNOW

301
00:11:01,480 --> 00:11:04,600
ABOUT THESE IMPORTANT ISSUES.

302
00:11:04,600 --> 00:11:06,840
THIS IS JUST A FIGURE TO

303
00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:09,000
REPRESENT THE STRUCTURAL OF THE

304
00:11:09,000 --> 00:11:09,400
ADVANTAGE.

305
00:11:09,400 --> 00:11:11,600
WE HAVE THE SECRETARY WHICH

306
00:11:11,600 --> 00:11:14,760
CONSISTS OF THE NICHD TEAM AND

307
00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:16,120
THE A AND D TEAM.

308
00:11:16,120 --> 00:11:17,880
THIS TEAM IS RESPONSIBLE FOR

309
00:11:17,880 --> 00:11:19,920
PULLING ALL THIS STUFF TOGETHER.

310
00:11:19,920 --> 00:11:21,480
WE'RE INVOLVED IN ALL ASPECTS OF

311
00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:22,760
THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND THE

312
00:11:22,760 --> 00:11:25,080
WORK OF THE WORKING GROUPS, ET

313
00:11:25,080 --> 00:11:25,480
CETERA.

314
00:11:25,480 --> 00:11:27,280
IN THE BEGINNING OF THE PROJECT,

315
00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:29,560
WE CONVENE A SCIENTIFIC STEERING

316
00:11:29,560 --> 00:11:30,440
COMMITTEE AND YOU HEARD FROM

317
00:11:30,440 --> 00:11:32,560
SOME OF THOSE FOLKS LAST WEEK.

318
00:11:32,560 --> 00:11:33,880
THAT SCIENTIFIC STEERING

319
00:11:33,880 --> 00:11:35,400
COMMITTEE CONSISTS OF

320
00:11:35,400 --> 00:11:36,480
REPRESENTATION FROM MULTIPLE

321
00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:38,120
AGENCIES, OF COURSE U., S.

322
00:11:38,120 --> 00:11:40,840
GOVERNMENT, WHOSE JOB IT IS TO

323
00:11:40,840 --> 00:11:42,400
ADDRESS THESE INTERACTIONS

324
00:11:42,400 --> 00:11:43,720
BETWEEN CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTAL

325
00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:46,160
CHANGE AND DIET NUTRITION AND

326
00:11:46,160 --> 00:11:47,480
HEALTH.

327
00:11:47,480 --> 00:11:49,040
SO, THEY PLAYED A CRITICAL ROLE

328
00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:52,360
IN DEVELOPMENT OF THOSE PROJECTS

329
00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:53,760
AND THE NUTS AND BOLTS IS DONE

330
00:11:53,760 --> 00:11:56,520
BY THE WORKING GROUPS, ONE OF

331
00:11:56,520 --> 00:11:58,880
WHOM YOU WILL HEAR FROM TODAY.

332
00:11:58,880 --> 00:12:00,280
SO, WHEN YOU PUT THIS ALL

333
00:12:00,280 --> 00:12:01,360
TOGETHER, STRUCTURALLY, THIS IS

334
00:12:01,360 --> 00:12:03,080
HAD A PROJECT HAS BEEN

335
00:12:03,080 --> 00:12:03,360
ORGANIZED.

336
00:12:03,360 --> 00:12:05,200
WE HAVE THE FIRST THREE WORKING

337
00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:05,680
GROUPS.

338
00:12:05,680 --> 00:12:07,400
THE LAST WEEK YOU HEARD FROM THE

339
00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:09,480
HEALTH FOCUSED WORKING GROUP.

340
00:12:09,480 --> 00:12:12,840
TODAY YOU WILL HEAR FROM THE

341
00:12:12,840 --> 00:12:14,720
DIETARY PATTERNS WORKING GROUP.

342
00:12:14,720 --> 00:12:16,560
NEXT WEEK WILL BE OUR, TWO WEEKS

343
00:12:16,560 --> 00:12:19,440
WILL BE THE FOOD SYSTEMS GROUP.

344
00:12:19,440 --> 00:12:21,000
THESE GROUPS ARE REALLY FOCUSING

345
00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:24,200
ON THE EVIDENCE AND THE

346
00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:25,760
INTERSECTION OF THESE COMPONENTS

347
00:12:25,760 --> 00:12:27,680
WITH CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTAL

348
00:12:27,680 --> 00:12:28,400
CHANGE.

349
00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:29,840
THE NEXT GROUP WORKING GROUP

350
00:12:29,840 --> 00:12:32,520
FOUR IS REALLY A RECOGNITION

351
00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:34,360
THAT WE'RE DEVELOPING A LOT OF

352
00:12:34,360 --> 00:12:36,440
NEW EVIDENCE AND WE'RE

353
00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:37,720
DEVELOPING A LOT OF ISSUES THAT

354
00:12:37,720 --> 00:12:40,480
NEED TO BE CONSIDERED IN

355
00:12:40,480 --> 00:12:41,640
EVALUATING THIS RELATIONSHIP,

356
00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:43,280
THIS INTERSECTION BETWEEN DIET,

357
00:12:43,280 --> 00:12:44,600
NUTRITION AND HEALTH.

358
00:12:44,600 --> 00:12:46,760
HOW YOU DO THAT IN A MEANINGFUL

359
00:12:46,760 --> 00:12:49,360
WAY IN TERMS OF THE DESIGN OF

360
00:12:49,360 --> 00:12:52,320
RESEARCH PERHAPS A DESIGN OF

361
00:12:52,320 --> 00:12:53,840
SURVEILLANCE EFFORTS TO DO

362
00:12:53,840 --> 00:12:55,280
SURVEILLANCE OF LARGE

363
00:12:55,280 --> 00:12:55,880
POPULATIONS.

364
00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:57,960
THAT ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK IS A

365
00:12:57,960 --> 00:13:01,840
REALLY CRITICAL PIECE OF WHAT

366
00:13:01,840 --> 00:13:03,400
WE'RE TRYING DO SO WE HAVE A

367
00:13:03,400 --> 00:13:04,400
WORKGROUP DOING THAT AND YOU

368
00:13:04,400 --> 00:13:07,160
WILL HEAR FROM THEM IN MAY.

369
00:13:07,160 --> 00:13:10,440
AND THEN FINALLY, IS THIS ISSUE

370
00:13:10,440 --> 00:13:12,320
OF TRANSLATION LIMITATION.

371
00:13:12,320 --> 00:13:14,000
RECOGNIZING THAT WE HAVE A LOT

372
00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:14,960
OF NEW INFORMATION.

373
00:13:14,960 --> 00:13:17,200
HOW DO WE TAKE THAT INFORMATION

374
00:13:17,200 --> 00:13:18,840
AND SUPPORT BOTH RESEARCH BUT

375
00:13:18,840 --> 00:13:20,880
ALSO MESSAGING AND COMMUNICATION

376
00:13:20,880 --> 00:13:22,320
AND THE EFFORTS OF THOSE

377
00:13:22,320 --> 00:13:23,640
AGENCIES THAT ARE TRYING TO

378
00:13:23,640 --> 00:13:25,640
DEVELOP THE GUIDELINES AND

379
00:13:25,640 --> 00:13:26,440
RECOMMENDATIONS, ET CETERA.

380
00:13:26,440 --> 00:13:31,040
SO THAT LAST GROUP WHICH WILL BE

381
00:13:31,040 --> 00:13:34,920
HAPPENING IN JUNE, IS FOCUSED ON

382
00:13:34,920 --> 00:13:35,880
TRANSLATION AND LIMITATION.

383
00:13:35,880 --> 00:13:37,920
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

384
00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:39,600
THIS IS JUST A LISTING OF THE

385
00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:40,520
WORKING GROUPS THAT WE HAVE.

386
00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:43,840
YOU HEARD FROM LAST WEEK'S

387
00:13:43,840 --> 00:13:44,200
HEALTH GROUP.

388
00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:46,560
YOU WILL HEAR FROM THE DIETARY

389
00:13:46,560 --> 00:13:48,440
PATTERNS GROUP AND THE REST OF

390
00:13:48,440 --> 00:13:49,200
THE TEAM.

391
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:52,000
I THINK THAT'S THE LAST SLIDE.

392
00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:54,840
AND SO, WITH THAT, I'M VERY

393
00:13:54,840 --> 00:13:56,760
PLEASED TO WELCOME OUR CHAIRS

394
00:13:56,760 --> 00:13:58,640
FOR THIS WORKING GROUP TODAY AND

395
00:13:58,640 --> 00:14:03,240
TURN IT OVER TO KAREN AND

396
00:14:03,240 --> 00:14:07,560
LINDSEY, THANK YOU.

397
00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:12,080
>> THANK YOU, DAN.

398
00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:14,160
I'M KAREN SIEGEL.

399
00:14:14,160 --> 00:14:16,480
I'M AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN

400
00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:18,160
THE HUBER DEPARTMENT OF GLOBAL

401
00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:19,840
HEATH AT ROLLINS SCHOOL OF

402
00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:21,320
PUBLIC HEATH AT EMERY UNIVERSITY

403
00:14:21,320 --> 00:14:22,720
AND ATLANTA.

404
00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:25,200
TOGETHER WITH LINDSEY

405
00:14:25,200 --> 00:14:26,840
SMITH-TAIL', WHO YOU ARE HEAR

406
00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:28,160
FROM IN A LITTLE BIT.

407
00:14:28,160 --> 00:14:38,680
I CO-LEAD THE ADVANTAGE PROJECT.

408
00:14:40,960 --> 00:14:42,040
NEXT SLIDE.

409
00:14:42,040 --> 00:14:42,920
NEXT SLIDE.

410
00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:47,320
CAN YOU GO BACK TO THE OVERVIEW

411
00:14:47,320 --> 00:14:54,000
SLIDES, PLEASE.

412
00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:55,720
SO WORKGROUP 2 WE'RE FOCUSED ON

413
00:14:55,720 --> 00:14:58,080
THE ASSOCIATION OF CLIMATE AND

414
00:14:58,080 --> 00:14:59,200
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE WITH

415
00:14:59,200 --> 00:15:01,040
DIETARY PATTERNS AND CHOICES.

416
00:15:01,040 --> 00:15:02,640
WE'RE A SEVEN-PERSON WORKGROUP

417
00:15:02,640 --> 00:15:03,920
AND YOU CAN SEE OUR MEMBERS

418
00:15:03,920 --> 00:15:05,120
HERE.

419
00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:06,440
LINDSEY AND MYSELF ARE THE

420
00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:07,840
CO-CHAIRS AND MEMBERS INCLUDE

421
00:15:07,840 --> 00:15:09,280
REAGAN BAILEY, PRISCILLA

422
00:15:09,280 --> 00:15:11,240
CONNERS, JEAN CARVER, LINDSAY

423
00:15:11,240 --> 00:15:14,120
BLACK STONE AND SYLVIA ROW AND

424
00:15:14,120 --> 00:15:16,560
YOU WILL HEAR FROM MOST OF US

425
00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:17,880
TODAY, SYLVIA COULD NOT BE HERE

426
00:15:17,880 --> 00:15:19,520
BUT THE WORKGROUP MEMBERS WILL

427
00:15:19,520 --> 00:15:20,760
PRESENT SOME OF THE CONTENT

428
00:15:20,760 --> 00:15:24,560
AREAS THAT WE'VE BEEN GOING

429
00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:25,360
OVER.

430
00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:27,920
SO AS I MENTIONED, WE IN

431
00:15:27,920 --> 00:15:29,600
WORKGROUP TWO ARE FOCUSED ON THE

432
00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:30,520
FOLLOWING RESEARCH QUESTION.

433
00:15:30,520 --> 00:15:32,520
WHAT IS THE CURRENT EVIDENCE AND

434
00:15:32,520 --> 00:15:37,280
CURRENT DIETARY PATTERNS AND

435
00:15:37,280 --> 00:15:41,000
CONSUMER CLIMB AND WE'RE DOING

436
00:15:41,000 --> 00:15:50,080
THIS AND IN THIS OPPOSITE

437
00:15:50,080 --> 00:15:51,960
DIRECTION INVESTING HOW DIET IS

438
00:15:51,960 --> 00:15:53,600
IMPACTING CLIMATE SO WE'RE

439
00:15:53,600 --> 00:15:55,760
REALLY THINKING ABOUT HOW

440
00:15:55,760 --> 00:15:57,840
CLIMATE IS IMPACTING DIET AND

441
00:15:57,840 --> 00:16:02,840
DIETARY CHOICES.

442
00:16:02,840 --> 00:16:04,160
WE'VE BEEN MEETING FOR TWO

443
00:16:04,160 --> 00:16:06,840
MONTHS TO HELP REFINE OUR SCOPE,

444
00:16:06,840 --> 00:16:07,800
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND DRAFT

445
00:16:07,800 --> 00:16:09,720
AN OUTLINE FOR THE REPORT.

446
00:16:09,720 --> 00:16:10,880
THAT WOULD BE PUBLISHED AS AN

447
00:16:10,880 --> 00:16:15,640
END PRODUCT OF THIS WORK.

448
00:16:15,640 --> 00:16:17,760
OUR GOALS ARE TO REFINE OUR

449
00:16:17,760 --> 00:16:19,080
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND

450
00:16:19,080 --> 00:16:19,880
STRUCTURE BEFORE WE DIVE INTO

451
00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:21,440
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPORT.

452
00:16:21,440 --> 00:16:23,200
WE'RE SEEING THIS VERY MUCH AS A

453
00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:23,920
WORKING SESSION.

454
00:16:23,920 --> 00:16:25,320
WE'RE REALLY SEEKING FEEDBACK

455
00:16:25,320 --> 00:16:26,080
FROM YOU ALL.

456
00:16:26,080 --> 00:16:27,840
FROM MEMBERS OF THE OTHER

457
00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:29,520
ADVANTAGE WORKGROUPS AND OUR OWN

458
00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:30,600
WORKGROUP AND THEN ALSO MEMBERS

459
00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:32,280
OF THE PUBLIC WHO MAY BE

460
00:16:32,280 --> 00:16:32,880
LISTENING IN.

461
00:16:32,880 --> 00:16:34,160
FEEL FREE TO SENDS QUESTIONS AS

462
00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:34,920
WE GO.

463
00:16:34,920 --> 00:16:36,200
AND WE'LL ADDRESS THEM DURING

464
00:16:36,200 --> 00:16:37,040
THE DISCUSSION SECTION AT THE

465
00:16:37,040 --> 00:16:45,640
END OF THIS SESSION.

466
00:16:45,640 --> 00:16:47,280
SO OUR OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY'S

467
00:16:47,280 --> 00:16:48,360
WORKSHOPS ARE TO PRESENT THE

468
00:16:48,360 --> 00:16:49,760
CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF DIETARY

469
00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:51,880
PATTERNS AND THE NUTRITION

470
00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:55,520
TRANSITION IN THE CONTEXT OF

471
00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:59,320
CLIMATE CHANGE.

472
00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:00,760
PRESENT WORKGROUP TWO DRAFT

473
00:17:00,760 --> 00:17:01,960
FRAMEWORK AND OUTLINE AS IT

474
00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:02,600
STANDS TO DATE.

475
00:17:02,600 --> 00:17:04,200
AND THEN EACH OF THE WORKGROUP

476
00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:06,200
MEMBERS WILL PRESENT KEY CONTENT

477
00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:08,160
AREAS UNDER CONSIDERATION.

478
00:17:08,160 --> 00:17:10,120
AND THEN REALLY LASTLY, WE

479
00:17:10,120 --> 00:17:20,680
RESERVED AN HOUR AT THE ON AREAS

480
00:17:22,640 --> 00:17:23,960
WE'RE MISSING AS WELL AS WHAT

481
00:17:23,960 --> 00:17:26,840
YOU SEE AS THE KEY RESEARCH GAPS

482
00:17:26,840 --> 00:17:29,640
IN THIS AREA.

483
00:17:29,640 --> 00:17:31,080
FOR NOW, WE'RE GOING TO TURN THE

484
00:17:31,080 --> 00:17:33,240
STAGE OVER TO Dr. BARRIE

485
00:17:33,240 --> 00:17:34,760
POPKIN, HE WILL PRESENT ON THE

486
00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:35,960
NUTRITION TRANSITION IN THE

487
00:17:35,960 --> 00:17:37,600
CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

488
00:17:37,600 --> 00:17:41,800
Dr. POPKIN IS THE WR KEENAN

489
00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:45,160
JUNIOR PROFESSOR OF NUTRITION AT

490
00:17:45,160 --> 00:17:46,320
UNC SCHOOL OF PUBLIC-HEALTH AND

491
00:17:46,320 --> 00:17:49,600
HE DEVELOPED THE TRANSITION AND

492
00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:51,760
WE'RE EXCITED TO HAVE HIM

493
00:17:51,760 --> 00:17:53,080
PRESENT AT OUR WORKSHOP.

494
00:17:53,080 --> 00:17:55,720
>>I WAS ASKED TO PROVIDE SOME

495
00:17:55,720 --> 00:17:58,080
SENSE OF DIET CHANGE AND HOW

496
00:17:58,080 --> 00:18:00,680
THAT WILL INTERACT WITH KIND OF

497
00:18:00,680 --> 00:18:03,040
THE CLIMATE SHIFTS AND WHAT I'M

498
00:18:03,040 --> 00:18:09,320
GOING TO DO IN THESE SLIDES IS

499
00:18:09,320 --> 00:18:10,880
TALK ABOUT NUTRITION TRANSITION

500
00:18:10,880 --> 00:18:12,560
AND GIVE YOU SOME BROAD SENSE OF

501
00:18:12,560 --> 00:18:13,960
THE ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONS BUT

502
00:18:13,960 --> 00:18:17,160
NOT REALLY GET INTO SPECIFICS.

503
00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:19,200
THAT IS REALLY WHAT YOUR WORKING

504
00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:19,880
GROUP IS DOING.

505
00:18:19,880 --> 00:18:22,200
I WAS ASKED TO REALLY FOCUS MORE

506
00:18:22,200 --> 00:18:24,240
ON THE TRANSITION ITSELF.

507
00:18:24,240 --> 00:18:27,120
I WILL ADD SOME COMMENTS TOWARDS

508
00:18:27,120 --> 00:18:31,480
THE END ON SOME OF THE RELATED

509
00:18:31,480 --> 00:18:32,040
ISSUES.

510
00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:34,520
THAT YOU ARE ADDRESSING FROM THE

511
00:18:34,520 --> 00:18:36,200
CLIMATE INTO NUTRITION ON THE

512
00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:45,360
CLIMATE AND VICE VERSA.

513
00:18:45,360 --> 00:18:47,000
I'M GOING TO USE CHINA AS MY

514
00:18:47,000 --> 00:18:48,400
EXAMPLE BECAUSE WHAT I SEE IN

515
00:18:48,400 --> 00:18:51,880
EVERY COUNTRY, IS A SLOW VERSION

516
00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:52,600
OF CHINA.

517
00:18:52,600 --> 00:18:55,000
THEY'RE ALL MOVING IN THE SAME

518
00:18:55,000 --> 00:18:59,400
DIRECTION IN SHOCKING WAYS EVEN

519
00:18:59,400 --> 00:19:01,200
THE FACTS SUGARS, ET CETERA, ARE

520
00:19:01,200 --> 00:19:03,200
ALL KINDS OF MERGING WHEN I LOOK

521
00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:04,480
AT OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

522
00:19:04,480 --> 00:19:10,680
AND LOOK AT THEIR SPECIFIC DIE

523
00:19:10,680 --> 00:19:12,480
CHANGES AND WE DETAILED DIET

524
00:19:12,480 --> 00:19:14,240
FROM THE 90s TO THE PRESENT.

525
00:19:14,240 --> 00:19:16,920
WE SEE DON'T HAVE THAT GLOBALLY.

526
00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:18,800
AND WE DON'T HAVE IT IN ANY

527
00:19:18,800 --> 00:19:21,760
OTHER LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME

528
00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:23,400
COUNTRY IN THE SAME SENSE BOTH

529
00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:26,560
IN REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES OVER

530
00:19:26,560 --> 00:19:30,000
TIME ON A NATIONAL BASIS.

531
00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:32,000
THAT CAN BE READILY ANALYZED AND

532
00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:34,240
OPEN TO THE PUBLIC TO DO

533
00:19:34,240 --> 00:19:35,160
RESEARCH ON.

534
00:19:35,160 --> 00:19:37,400
SO THAT'S THE DATA WE'RE

535
00:19:37,400 --> 00:19:38,960
FOCUSING ON.

536
00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:39,640
OBVIOUSLY THIS IS GOING TO LEAD

537
00:19:39,640 --> 00:19:41,560
TO SHIFTS IN THE DOUBLE BURDEN

538
00:19:41,560 --> 00:19:42,880
OF MALNUTRITION AND I'M NOT

539
00:19:42,880 --> 00:19:44,000
GOING TO SPEAK ABOUT THAT.

540
00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:45,720
I COULD SPEND AS MUCH TIME ON

541
00:19:45,720 --> 00:19:48,920
THAT AS ON THIS TALK.

542
00:19:48,920 --> 00:19:55,320
I'LL JUST BRIEFLY MENTION THAT

543
00:19:55,320 --> 00:19:57,360
AND THEN SOME OF THE FEEDBACK

544
00:19:57,360 --> 00:19:58,400
LOOPS BUT WITH THE CHINA THING

545
00:19:58,400 --> 00:19:59,960
I'LL ALSO SHOW HOW NUTRITION AND

546
00:19:59,960 --> 00:20:02,400
HEALTH ARE CHANGING IN A COUPLE

547
00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:04,200
SLIDES ON CHINA, HOW WHAT THEIR

548
00:20:04,200 --> 00:20:07,840
IMPACTS ARE AND THAT COUNTRY.

549
00:20:07,840 --> 00:20:10,320
AND THE FEEDBACK LOOP WE'LL TALK

550
00:20:10,320 --> 00:20:13,400
ABOUT BRIEFLY AT END.

551
00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:16,800
CLEARLY THERE ARE VERY IMPORTANT

552
00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:17,480
FEEDBACK LOOPS BETWEEN CLIMATE

553
00:20:17,480 --> 00:20:19,040
AND NUTRITION AND WITH THAT, I'M

554
00:20:19,040 --> 00:20:21,880
GOING TO MOVE FORWARD.

555
00:20:21,880 --> 00:20:25,200
WHAT I'M GOING TO TALK ABOUT

556
00:20:25,200 --> 00:20:28,520
REALLY IS SOMETHING THAT VARIES

557
00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:30,400
REGIONALLY AND SUB CLIMATE

558
00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:34,320
WITHIN COUNTRY, SUB REGIONAL

559
00:20:34,320 --> 00:20:36,320
GROUPS AND THE NATURE AND PACE

560
00:20:36,320 --> 00:20:38,120
OF THE CHANGES IS VERY

561
00:20:38,120 --> 00:20:39,800
SIGNIFICANTLY BUT UNFORTUNATELY

562
00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:44,240
WHAT I'M SEEING IS THE SAME

563
00:20:44,240 --> 00:20:47,760
LONG-TERM TRENDS AND OVER WEIGHT

564
00:20:47,760 --> 00:20:50,640
OBESITY AND SLOW DECLINES AND

565
00:20:50,640 --> 00:20:53,320
STUNTING OBVIOUSLY THE COVID HAS

566
00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:56,600
COMPLETE' SHIFTED A LOT OF THIS

567
00:20:56,600 --> 00:20:58,400
DYNAMIC IN THE SHORT TERM AND

568
00:20:58,400 --> 00:21:00,360
SET US BACK A LONG WAY ON THE

569
00:21:00,360 --> 00:21:02,560
UNDER NUTRITION SIDE AND ON THE

570
00:21:02,560 --> 00:21:07,160
OVER WEIGHT OBESITY SIDE.

571
00:21:07,160 --> 00:21:11,000
BUT THESE LONG TRENDS ARE REALLY

572
00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:12,800
QUITE COMPARABLE -- IT ACTUALLY

573
00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:15,040
QUITE SURPRISES ME AS I LOOK

574
00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:16,800
AROUND FROM WORKING INTENSELY

575
00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:19,480
AND AFRICA RECENTLY IN A WIDE

576
00:21:19,480 --> 00:21:23,680
VARIETY OF COUNTRIES AND IN

577
00:21:23,680 --> 00:21:25,160
LATIN AMERICA THAT WE'RE SEEING

578
00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:26,720
THE SAME TRENDS WE'RE SEEING IN

579
00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:30,240
ASIA IN EACH OF THESE REGIONS.

580
00:21:30,240 --> 00:21:31,920
LATIN AMERICAN, AND THE OTHERS

581
00:21:31,920 --> 00:21:33,360
FOLLOWED LATER.

582
00:21:33,360 --> 00:21:38,400
WHAT I'M GOING TO GO ON TO IS

583
00:21:38,400 --> 00:21:41,400
THEN TALK ABOUT WHERE WE ARE.

584
00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:43,760
SO, THE BEGINNING IS, WE

585
00:21:43,760 --> 00:21:45,040
UNDERSTAND THAT THERE ARE A LOT

586
00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:47,400
OF ELEMENTS IN OUR DIET FROM THE

587
00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:51,080
OVER ALL FOOD COMPOSITION,

588
00:21:51,080 --> 00:21:52,800
PARTICULARLY TO THE ANIMAL

589
00:21:52,800 --> 00:21:55,040
SOURCE FOODS AND THEIR ENORMOUS

590
00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:58,600
IMPACTS ON CO2 EMISSIONS AND

591
00:21:58,600 --> 00:22:01,200
WATER USE TO ULTRA-PROCESSED

592
00:22:01,200 --> 00:22:05,360
FOODS TO SUGAR THAT HAS ITS OWN

593
00:22:05,360 --> 00:22:08,880
WATER USE NEEDS AND THEY CYCLE

594
00:22:08,880 --> 00:22:09,800
BOTH WAYS.

595
00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:11,760
THIS SLIDE OF GIVES SOME SENSE

596
00:22:11,760 --> 00:22:14,000
OF SOME OF THE KEY DIMENSIONS

597
00:22:14,000 --> 00:22:16,600
THAT COME WITH MANY OF THESE

598
00:22:16,600 --> 00:22:20,320
FOODS AND BOTH DIRECTIONS.

599
00:22:20,320 --> 00:22:25,000
AND IT IS VERY OF BY-DIRECTIONAL

600
00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:26,880
AND I WON'T GO INTO THAT BUT

601
00:22:26,880 --> 00:22:28,160
I'LL TALK ABOUT SOME PIECES OF

602
00:22:28,160 --> 00:22:29,480
THAT LATER.

603
00:22:29,480 --> 00:22:33,000
SO, THE TRANSITION REALLY SPEAKS

604
00:22:33,000 --> 00:22:36,680
ABOUT THIS LARGE GLOBAL SHIFT

605
00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,720
THAT'S GONE OWN AS WE'VE SHIFTED

606
00:22:39,720 --> 00:22:41,800
FROM -- IF WE THINK OF OUR

607
00:22:41,800 --> 00:22:44,680
LIFETIME FROM RECEDING FAMINE

608
00:22:44,680 --> 00:22:47,640
AND FAMINE IN THE 50s AND

609
00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:50,680
60s, ACROSS MANY REGIONS OF

610
00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:53,560
THE WORLD, TO LESS FAMINE NOW

611
00:22:53,560 --> 00:22:54,960
BUT WE STILL SEE IT AND WE'RE

612
00:22:54,960 --> 00:22:57,040
GOING TO SEE IT INCREASINGLY

613
00:22:57,040 --> 00:22:59,080
AGAIN BECAUSE OF THE CLIMATE

614
00:22:59,080 --> 00:23:02,560
RELATED DISTURBANCES IN OUR FOOD

615
00:23:02,560 --> 00:23:03,160
SUPPLY.

616
00:23:03,160 --> 00:23:05,640
IT'S A CHANGE TOWARD CHRONIC

617
00:23:05,640 --> 00:23:08,960
DISEASE WHICH IS COMPLETELY

618
00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:10,760
UNIVERSAL AND THERE'S NOT A

619
00:23:10,760 --> 00:23:15,520
COUNTRY OTHER THAN MAYBE BUETAN

620
00:23:15,520 --> 00:23:16,800
WHERE WE DON'T HAVE MUCH DATA

621
00:23:16,800 --> 00:23:18,080
THAT WE CAN'T SEE WITH THE DATA

622
00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:21,000
WE HAVE THE SAME KINDS OF

623
00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:21,600
CHANGES.

624
00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:23,360
AND OBVIOUSLY WE WANT TO GET TO

625
00:23:23,360 --> 00:23:25,760
A POINT WHERE WE CUT OUT A LOT

626
00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:28,840
OF OUR ANIMAL SOURCE FOOD

627
00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,880
CONSUMPTION, PARTICULARLY RUMIN

628
00:23:31,880 --> 00:23:33,560
IN ANIMALS WHICH IS SO BAD WITH

629
00:23:33,560 --> 00:23:39,320
WATER USE AND COT EMISSION AND E

630
00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:40,920
WANT FOOD THAT USES LESS WATER

631
00:23:40,920 --> 00:23:42,640
AND ENERGY AND IT'S JUST

632
00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:45,200
HEALTHIER FOR ALL OF US.

633
00:23:45,200 --> 00:23:47,320
WE WANT TO MOVE MORE BUT THAT'S

634
00:23:47,320 --> 00:23:48,640
NOT GOING TO BE EASY.

635
00:23:48,640 --> 00:23:52,200
WE HAVE TO INCREASINGLY IMPROVE

636
00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:55,320
OUR PURPOSEFUL ACTIVITIES,

637
00:23:55,320 --> 00:23:56,160
PARTICULARLY VERY DIFFICULT

638
00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:58,640
ACROSS THE LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME

639
00:23:58,640 --> 00:24:00,280
WORLD EXCEPT AMONG THE HIGHER

640
00:24:00,280 --> 00:24:03,800
INCOME SUB POPULATIONS.

641
00:24:03,800 --> 00:24:05,200
AND MOVE TOWARDS MORE REAL FOOD

642
00:24:05,200 --> 00:24:07,080
IN OUR DIET.

643
00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:08,280
SO, THAT'S WHERE WE ALL

644
00:24:08,280 --> 00:24:09,400
UNDERSTAND THIS AND I DON'T NEED

645
00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:11,040
TO BOTHER.

646
00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:13,880
BUT WHAT WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND

647
00:24:13,880 --> 00:24:18,760
IS UNDER NEATH THIS IS

648
00:24:18,760 --> 00:24:20,120
BIOLOGICAL MISMATCHES WITH

649
00:24:20,120 --> 00:24:20,880
MODERN TECHNOLOGY.

650
00:24:20,880 --> 00:24:25,240
WE UNDERSTAND WHY WE NEEDED

651
00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:26,400
SWEETS FOR CERTAIN FOODS WE HAD

652
00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:29,960
TO EAT AND NEEDED FOR KEY

653
00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:31,640
NUTRIENTS AND BITTER PREFERENCES

654
00:24:31,640 --> 00:24:33,240
WERE JUST THE OPPOSITE FOR

655
00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:35,840
IMPORTANT REASONS SIMILARLY IN

656
00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,040
THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF PLANTS

657
00:24:37,040 --> 00:24:40,720
THAT WERE BITTER WERE OFTEN

658
00:24:40,720 --> 00:24:41,760
POISONOUS AND THE SWEET ONES

659
00:24:41,760 --> 00:24:44,400
WITH THE BERRY AND FRUITS.

660
00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:45,880
AND IN THE WAY AREA OF THIRST

661
00:24:45,880 --> 00:24:49,280
THE AND HUNGER, THE CRITICAL

662
00:24:49,280 --> 00:24:50,120
DIFFERENCES THAT WE'VE

663
00:24:50,120 --> 00:24:51,920
DISCOVERED IN THE LAST 30 TO 40

664
00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:53,600
YEARS BETWEEN HOW WHAT WE EAT

665
00:24:53,600 --> 00:24:58,520
AND WHAT WE DRINK IS VERY

666
00:24:58,520 --> 00:25:06,040
DIFFERENT AND THAT CREATES A LOT

667
00:25:06,040 --> 00:25:07,000
OF DYNAMICS THAT WE'VE SEEN

668
00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:07,320
GLOBALLY.

669
00:25:07,320 --> 00:25:09,120
THE FATTY FOOD PREFERENCES I

670
00:25:09,120 --> 00:25:10,840
WITH ARE NECESSARY BUT NOW WE

671
00:25:10,840 --> 00:25:13,720
HAVE THIS EDIBLE OIL REVOLUTION

672
00:25:13,720 --> 00:25:15,480
JUST LIKE WE HAVE THE INCREASING

673
00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:18,080
ADD SUGAR IN OUR FOOD SUPPLY.

674
00:25:18,080 --> 00:25:19,840
BEVERAGES THAT CHANGE FROM WATER

675
00:25:19,840 --> 00:25:27,880
TO HIGH SUGAR BEVERAGES AND THE

676
00:25:27,880 --> 00:25:30,000
TECHNOLOGIES IN AWFUL THESE,

677
00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:30,960
SNACKING, WE WOULDN'T THINK OF

678
00:25:30,960 --> 00:25:34,600
THIS WAY BUT NO ONE IN THE

679
00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:35,960
SNACKED BEFORE 1900S.

680
00:25:35,960 --> 00:25:37,360
THERE WERE STREET FOODS FOR

681
00:25:37,360 --> 00:25:39,160
FESTIVALS AND OTHER OCCASIONS

682
00:25:39,160 --> 00:25:47,080
BUT THERE WAS NO SNACKING.

683
00:25:47,080 --> 00:25:52,120
PEOPLE STARTED AS A BISCUITS OR

684
00:25:52,120 --> 00:25:53,720
FRUIT BUT IT WAS MINIMAL.

685
00:25:53,720 --> 00:25:56,160
STARTING IN THE 1970s WE SAW A

686
00:25:56,160 --> 00:26:00,360
LITTLE BIT IN THE 60s BUT IN

687
00:26:00,360 --> 00:26:02,480
THE 70s WITH THE INCREASE IN

688
00:26:02,480 --> 00:26:03,320
MARKETING, PRODUCTION AND

689
00:26:03,320 --> 00:26:04,760
CREATION OF ALL THESE READY TO

690
00:26:04,760 --> 00:26:07,280
EAT AND READY TO HEAD FOODS AND

691
00:26:07,280 --> 00:26:10,600
A BIG INCREASE IN SNACKING THAT

692
00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:18,160
IN THE U.S. AND HIGH INCOME

693
00:26:18,160 --> 00:26:28,680
COUNTRIES, THESE DIDN'T EXIST

694
00:26:33,120 --> 00:26:33,960
BEFORE WORLD WAR II THESE ARE

695
00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:44,440
PRODUCTS OF THE MOT EVERYONE

696
00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:58,080
MAKE IT HYPER PALLETABLE AND WE

697
00:26:58,080 --> 00:27:00,680
HAVE THE ULTRA-PROCESSED FOOD

698
00:27:00,680 --> 00:27:03,080
REVOLUTION WHICH IS NOW GLOBALLY

699
00:27:03,080 --> 00:27:04,840
INCREASING AND EVERY LOW AND

700
00:27:04,840 --> 00:27:12,240
MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY AND BASED

701
00:27:12,240 --> 00:27:15,200
ON WHERE THEY ARE IN THE

702
00:27:15,200 --> 00:27:15,600
CHANGES.

703
00:27:15,600 --> 00:27:17,520
AND WE CAN THINK OF IT THIS WAY.

704
00:27:17,520 --> 00:27:20,120
YOU CAN JUST THINK OF HOW OUR

705
00:27:20,120 --> 00:27:22,440
FOOD AND COOKING AND OUR

706
00:27:22,440 --> 00:27:31,080
EXPERIENCE WITH FOOD HAS CHANGED

707
00:27:31,080 --> 00:27:32,760
WE DIDN'T HAVE ANY OTHER

708
00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:33,520
BEVERAGE OTHER THAN WATER AND

709
00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:35,480
IT'S ALL SHIFTED FORWARD FROM

710
00:27:35,480 --> 00:27:37,920
THERE AND THE SAME HAPPENS AS WE

711
00:27:37,920 --> 00:27:42,960
CAN SEE, FOR THE WHOLE FOOD

712
00:27:42,960 --> 00:27:46,760
SUPPLY AND AND IT'S REALLY

713
00:27:46,760 --> 00:27:48,360
CRITICAL BECAUSE WHILE IT

714
00:27:48,360 --> 00:27:50,600
HAPPENS SLOWLY IN THE HIGH

715
00:27:50,600 --> 00:27:53,840
INCOME WORLD, IT REALLY HAPPENS

716
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,320
FAST AND THE LOW AND MIDDLE

717
00:27:56,320 --> 00:28:01,120
INCOME WORLD.

718
00:28:01,120 --> 00:28:02,880
AND NOT WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND

719
00:28:02,880 --> 00:28:04,680
THAT SPEED OF CHANGE AND HOW

720
00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:07,080
THESE FOOD-LIKE ITEMS AS MICHAEL

721
00:28:07,080 --> 00:28:09,440
POLLEN CALLS THEM, ARE REALLY

722
00:28:09,440 --> 00:28:14,040
BEGINNING TO DOMINATE MORE AND

723
00:28:14,040 --> 00:28:15,160
MORE COUNTRIES OF OF WHAT IS

724
00:28:15,160 --> 00:28:16,440
INCREASING IN THE DIET AND

725
00:28:16,440 --> 00:28:20,080
WHAT'S BEING MARKETED.

726
00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:27,640
AND I WANT TO BEGIN BY REMINDING

727
00:28:27,640 --> 00:28:33,880
US WE NEED SWEETNESS SO ONE OF

728
00:28:33,880 --> 00:28:36,320
THE MAJOR CHANGES WE'VE HAD

729
00:28:36,320 --> 00:28:38,280
BECAUSE OF THIS ISSUE WITH WHEN

730
00:28:38,280 --> 00:28:42,520
WE EAT AND WHAT WE NEED TO DRINK

731
00:28:42,520 --> 00:28:44,760
IS WE HAVE THIS CHANGE THAT I

732
00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:46,960
MENTIONED THAT HAS BEEN SHOWN

733
00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:48,960
MANY TIMES BY MANY SCHOLARS THAT

734
00:28:48,960 --> 00:28:53,720
WHEN YOU CONSUME A BEVERAGE ON

735
00:28:53,720 --> 00:28:57,160
THE RIGHT, ON THE LEFT, EXCUSE

736
00:28:57,160 --> 00:28:58,560
ME, YOUR CALORIES GO UP BECAUSE

737
00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:02,360
YOU ALSO CO CONSUME THE REAL FO.

738
00:29:02,360 --> 00:29:06,920
WHEREAS, WHEN YOU CONSUME THE

739
00:29:06,920 --> 00:29:09,520
ACTUAL WATERMELON, WE DON'T

740
00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:11,440
COMPENSATE FOR IT AND WE DO

741
00:29:11,440 --> 00:29:14,160
COMPENSATE FOR IT AND WE CUT OUR

742
00:29:14,160 --> 00:29:15,720
FOOD INTAKE SO YOU CAN SEE THE

743
00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:19,360
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN COCONUT MEAT

744
00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:24,880
AND MILK, WATER I MEAN HERE AND

745
00:29:24,880 --> 00:29:27,720
HERE WE HAVE JUST PLAIN OLD MILK

746
00:29:27,720 --> 00:29:29,960
AND THE DIFFERENCES.

747
00:29:29,960 --> 00:29:32,040
AND THESE DIFFERENCES ARE

748
00:29:32,040 --> 00:29:35,800
PROFOUND AND HAVE REALLY LED TO

749
00:29:35,800 --> 00:29:39,080
A BIG SHIFT IN THE GLOBAL

750
00:29:39,080 --> 00:29:40,200
BEVERAGE SUPPLY IN WHAT PEOPLE

751
00:29:40,200 --> 00:29:43,600
DRINK WHEN THEY HAVE THE INCOME

752
00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:48,240
OR WHEN THEY'RE KNA SNACKING ORE

753
00:29:48,240 --> 00:29:49,400
AND THERE'S A HISTORY BEHIND

754
00:29:49,400 --> 00:29:50,120
THAT.

755
00:29:50,120 --> 00:29:51,520
I'M NOT GOING TO ALL OF IT BUT

756
00:29:51,520 --> 00:29:57,280
IF YOU LOOK HERE AND YOU SEE

757
00:29:57,280 --> 00:29:58,160
WHERE WE FIRST BEERS CAME IN AND

758
00:29:58,160 --> 00:30:01,760
YOU SEE UP THE SCALE TO WHERE WE

759
00:30:01,760 --> 00:30:04,040
ARE AND OUR SODA INTALK AND

760
00:30:04,040 --> 00:30:07,480
OTHER THINGS YOU BEGIN TO

761
00:30:07,480 --> 00:30:08,400
UNDERSTAND THE CHANGES THAT IS

762
00:30:08,400 --> 00:30:12,320
HAVE GONE ON GLOBALLY AND SO THE

763
00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:14,680
WATER FOOTPRINT OF

764
00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:15,720
SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES I WANT

765
00:30:15,720 --> 00:30:21,600
TO BRINK UP BECAUSE IT'S A

766
00:30:21,600 --> 00:30:31,840
CRITICAL ONE.

767
00:30:33,480 --> 00:30:35,200
WHEN WE USE SUGAR CANE, WE DON'T

768
00:30:35,200 --> 00:30:36,520
USE AS MUCH SUGAR.

769
00:30:36,520 --> 00:30:38,200
STILL, THIS IS A HALF LITER.

770
00:30:38,200 --> 00:30:41,920
FOR ONE LITER, WE USE AT LEAST

771
00:30:41,920 --> 00:30:43,800
340 LITERS OF WATER.

772
00:30:43,800 --> 00:30:44,720
THE MINIMUM.

773
00:30:44,720 --> 00:30:48,040
AS YOU GO TO COUNTRIES WITH LESS

774
00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:49,480
PRODUCTIVE SUGAR CANE YOU SEE

775
00:30:49,480 --> 00:30:50,440
THE AMOUNTS RISING.

776
00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:51,880
THE AMOUNT OF WATER USED TO

777
00:30:51,880 --> 00:30:53,440
PRODUCE THAT LITER OF COKE OR

778
00:30:53,440 --> 00:30:57,080
PEPSI OR IN THIS CASE A HALF

779
00:30:57,080 --> 00:30:57,440
LITER.

780
00:30:57,440 --> 00:30:58,960
YOU HAVE TO DOUBLE IT TO GET A

781
00:30:58,960 --> 00:31:00,240
SENSE.

782
00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:02,160
600 LITERS OF WATER USED IN

783
00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:06,760
CHINA -- I MEAN IN INDIA TO GET

784
00:31:06,760 --> 00:31:09,280
A COKE.

785
00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:10,960
THAT IS AMAZING AND GIVES YOU

786
00:31:10,960 --> 00:31:13,920
SOME SENSE OF JUST ONE

787
00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:14,840
ULTRA-PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCT

788
00:31:14,840 --> 00:31:22,880
WITH SUGAR IN IT.

789
00:31:22,880 --> 00:31:24,720
THE U.S. FOOD SUPPLY IS GROWING

790
00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:26,760
WITH SUGAR AS WELL AS NON KNEW

791
00:31:26,760 --> 00:31:30,200
TRA TIVE SWEETERS IN THIS KIND

792
00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:33,640
OF PRESENTS WHERE YOU SEE THE

793
00:31:33,640 --> 00:31:34,480
NUTRIENT SWEETENERS HERE IN THE

794
00:31:34,480 --> 00:31:36,240
YELLOW AND YOU SEE SOME FOODS

795
00:31:36,240 --> 00:31:42,120
WITH COMBINED BOTH AND THEN SOME

796
00:31:42,120 --> 00:31:50,120
WITH NUTRIENT SWEETNESS ONLY.

797
00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:51,880
THE SECOND SHIFT IS ON FATTY

798
00:31:51,880 --> 00:31:53,000
OILS.

799
00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:54,440
AND EDIBLE OILS IN PARTICULAR.

800
00:31:54,440 --> 00:31:56,960
AND THIS IS NOT SOMETHING WE SEE

801
00:31:56,960 --> 00:31:59,240
IN THE HIGH-INCOME WORLD.

802
00:31:59,240 --> 00:32:01,360
WE'VE ALREADY CONSUMED A LOT OF

803
00:32:01,360 --> 00:32:04,880
FAT AND IF ANYTHING, IT'S STABLE

804
00:32:04,880 --> 00:32:06,400
OR IT'S NOT THE ISSUE IT IS IN

805
00:32:06,400 --> 00:32:07,960
THE LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME WORLD

806
00:32:07,960 --> 00:32:13,880
BUT WHAT IS HAPPENING THERE IS

807
00:32:13,880 --> 00:32:16,000
CHEAP EDIBLE OILS DEVELOPED, THE

808
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:17,040
PROCESS WERE DEVELOPED BETWEEN

809
00:32:17,040 --> 00:32:20,520
THE U.S. AND JAPAN AND THE 50s

810
00:32:20,520 --> 00:32:24,560
AND TO FRACTIONATION AND PULLING

811
00:32:24,560 --> 00:32:25,640
OUT THE OILS FROM PRODUCTS AND

812
00:32:25,640 --> 00:32:28,120
WE'VE NOW CREATED THESE VERY

813
00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:30,040
CHEAP EDIBLE OILS AND MOST

814
00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:31,560
RECENTLY, THE ONE THAT IS REALLY

815
00:32:31,560 --> 00:32:33,600
TAKING OVER THE LOW AND MIDDLE

816
00:32:33,600 --> 00:32:35,960
INCOME WORLD INCREASINGLY IS RED

817
00:32:35,960 --> 00:32:37,120
PALM OIL WHICH IS UNFORTUNATELY

818
00:32:37,120 --> 00:32:39,280
ONE OF THE MOST SATURATED IN THE

819
00:32:39,280 --> 00:32:44,440
MOST DANGEROUS OF ALL THE OILS.

820
00:32:44,440 --> 00:32:45,520
WE HAVE COUNTRIES AS I'LL SHOW

821
00:32:45,520 --> 00:32:47,560
IN EXAMPLE OF CHINA, WHERE THE

822
00:32:47,560 --> 00:32:50,040
EDIBLE OIL CONSUMPTION CONTINUES

823
00:32:50,040 --> 00:32:52,920
TO GROW AND IT'S A HIGH

824
00:32:52,920 --> 00:32:53,320
PERCENTAGE.

825
00:32:53,320 --> 00:33:02,080
SO THE CHINESE 2030 GUIDELINES,

826
00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:08,920
WANT TO REDUCE TOTAL FATS AND SO

827
00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:10,960
HERE IS AN EXAMPLE FROM CHINA.

828
00:33:10,960 --> 00:33:14,320
YOU CAN JUST SEE THE CHANGES

829
00:33:14,320 --> 00:33:17,000
OVER TIME.

830
00:33:17,000 --> 00:33:18,800
THE 2018 IS A LITTLE LOWER AND

831
00:33:18,800 --> 00:33:23,480
THAT IS REALLY BECAUSE OF THE

832
00:33:23,480 --> 00:33:26,360
AGE DISTRIBUTION SHIFTED FROM 15

833
00:33:26,360 --> 00:33:29,560
TO 18 IN THIS ONE SURVEY BECAUSE

834
00:33:29,560 --> 00:33:31,080
IT WAS MORE DIFFICULT FOR THAT

835
00:33:31,080 --> 00:33:33,000
POINT TO GET TO SOME OF THE

836
00:33:33,000 --> 00:33:35,680
MIGRANTS INTO CITIES THAT WE

837
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:39,680
FOLLOWED FROM VILLAGES.

838
00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:42,280
AND GENERALLY, YOU CAN KIND OF

839
00:33:42,280 --> 00:33:43,920
SEE THIS CHANGE AND WHEN YOU

840
00:33:43,920 --> 00:33:47,120
THINK ABOUT THIS IN TERMS OF

841
00:33:47,120 --> 00:33:49,680
GRAMS PER DAY AND JUST FROM

842
00:33:49,680 --> 00:33:52,680
EDIBLE OIL, FORGET ABOUT ALL THE

843
00:33:52,680 --> 00:33:54,000
OTHER OILS ADDED IN PROCESSED

844
00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:56,240
FOODS AND OTHER THINGS, THIS IS

845
00:33:56,240 --> 00:33:57,680
JUST WHAT THEY ADD TO THE FOOD

846
00:33:57,680 --> 00:33:59,240
AND COOKING.

847
00:33:59,240 --> 00:34:02,400
AND CHINA'S A UNIQUE CASE

848
00:34:02,400 --> 00:34:04,040
BECAUSE WE MEASURE EVERY RECIPE

849
00:34:04,040 --> 00:34:06,200
IN THE HOME HOW MUCH OIL THEY

850
00:34:06,200 --> 00:34:08,080
USE WE MEASURE WHAT THEY -- HOW

851
00:34:08,080 --> 00:34:18,600
MUCH THEY USE FOR FRYING AND SO

852
00:34:19,320 --> 00:34:21,800
WE DISAGGREGATE ALL THE RECIPES

853
00:34:21,800 --> 00:34:24,240
SO THEY'RE DONE FOR EACH UNIQUE

854
00:34:24,240 --> 00:34:26,840
RECIPES THAT WE COLLECT.

855
00:34:26,840 --> 00:34:29,840
SO, IT'S QUITE A GOLD STANDARD

856
00:34:29,840 --> 00:34:31,240
IN OIL COLLECTION RELATIVE TO

857
00:34:31,240 --> 00:34:33,640
WHAT YOU WOULD SEE IN OUR NORMAL

858
00:34:33,640 --> 00:34:35,880
WAYS WHEN WE USE STANDARD

859
00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:37,440
RECEIPT HE'S AND DON'T KNOW WHAT

860
00:34:37,440 --> 00:34:40,840
THE HOUSEHOLD ADDS AND HOW THAT

861
00:34:40,840 --> 00:34:42,000
VARIES.

862
00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:45,000
AND ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS FOR

863
00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:48,520
CHINA, CLEARLY EXPLODED BUT WHAT

864
00:34:48,520 --> 00:34:51,280
CHANGED THE MOST EARLY ON AND

865
00:34:51,280 --> 00:34:53,560
WHAT DOMINATED WAS THE PORK.

866
00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:57,440
NOW POULTRY IS STARTING TO

867
00:34:57,440 --> 00:35:00,880
INCREASE SOME BUT BEEF AND PORK

868
00:35:00,880 --> 00:35:03,400
ARE REALLY CRITICAL.

869
00:35:03,400 --> 00:35:05,640
EGGS IS A VERY IMPORTANT AS WELL

870
00:35:05,640 --> 00:35:12,480
AND SO YOU CAN SEE FROM THIS THE

871
00:35:12,480 --> 00:35:15,640
ANIMALS SOURCE FOODS GOING UP.

872
00:35:15,640 --> 00:35:17,680
CHINA'S UNIQUE THAT IT'S GONE UP

873
00:35:17,680 --> 00:35:19,160
FASTER THAN WE HAVE FOR SOME OF

874
00:35:19,160 --> 00:35:22,160
OUR OTHER COUNTRY BUT WE HAVE IN

875
00:35:22,160 --> 00:35:23,920
EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD WHERE

876
00:35:23,920 --> 00:35:25,920
WE'RE SEEING IT AN INCREASING

877
00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:27,560
CONSUMPTION OF ANIMALS SOURCE

878
00:35:27,560 --> 00:35:28,000
FOODS.

879
00:35:28,000 --> 00:35:31,080
AND MANY PLACES IT'S LAMB AND

880
00:35:31,080 --> 00:35:32,760
MUTTEN, DEPENDING ON THE

881
00:35:32,760 --> 00:35:34,320
RELIGIOUS CONSTITUTION OF

882
00:35:34,320 --> 00:35:36,440
COMPOSITION OR AFRICA IT'S MUCH

883
00:35:36,440 --> 00:35:39,240
MORE LAMB THAN MUTTEN.

884
00:35:39,240 --> 00:35:44,360
AND MUCH LESS BEEF AND PORK.

885
00:35:44,360 --> 00:35:49,560
THE CHANGES IN COMPOSITION DON'T

886
00:35:49,560 --> 00:35:51,200
DELAY THE CHANGES IN THE YOUTH

887
00:35:51,200 --> 00:35:53,120
ACROSS THE LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME

888
00:35:53,120 --> 00:35:55,120
WORLD WHICH IS STILL VERY LOW

889
00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:56,520
COMPARED TO THE U.S.

890
00:35:56,520 --> 00:35:58,200
, I SHOULD ADD.

891
00:35:58,200 --> 00:36:00,560
THIS IS HIGH IN GOING UP AND

892
00:36:00,560 --> 00:36:01,960
IT'S NOTHING LIKE THE HIGH

893
00:36:01,960 --> 00:36:05,160
INCOME COUNTRIES CONSUMPTION.

894
00:36:05,160 --> 00:36:07,200
AND HERE, YOU SEE THE ANIMAL

895
00:36:07,200 --> 00:36:08,920
SOURCE FOODS FOR THE TWO

896
00:36:08,920 --> 00:36:10,640
DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND YOU SEE

897
00:36:10,640 --> 00:36:14,680
AGAIN THE SAME KINDS OF CHANGES.

898
00:36:14,680 --> 00:36:17,520
NOW, ANOTHER BIG CHANGE THAT'S

899
00:36:17,520 --> 00:36:21,720
GONE ON IS THE SHIFT TO AWAY

900
00:36:21,720 --> 00:36:24,320
FROM HOME FOOD.

901
00:36:24,320 --> 00:36:31,760
AND AGAIN, CHINA'S REALLY GOING

902
00:36:31,760 --> 00:36:34,760
UP, GOING TO THE RESTAURANTS AND

903
00:36:34,760 --> 00:36:36,560
GETTING THE RECIPES AND OTHER

904
00:36:36,560 --> 00:36:47,120
STUFF SO WE DO WE MISS THE ADDED

905
00:36:48,080 --> 00:36:49,040
ITEMS IN THE RESTAURANT BUT WE

906
00:36:49,040 --> 00:36:50,960
TRY TO GET WHAT WE CAN FROM

907
00:36:50,960 --> 00:36:51,560
PARTICULARLY BECAUSE WE'RE

908
00:36:51,560 --> 00:36:56,400
INTERESTED IN SODIUM AND FAT AND

909
00:36:56,400 --> 00:36:57,920
SUGAR INTAKE.

910
00:36:57,920 --> 00:37:00,520
AND TRYING MEASURE IT THE WELL

911
00:37:00,520 --> 00:37:01,120
AS WE CAN.

912
00:37:01,120 --> 00:37:03,480
IT SHOWS THIS EXCEPT DURING

913
00:37:03,480 --> 00:37:05,960
COVID PERIOD WHEN THINGS HAVE

914
00:37:05,960 --> 00:37:09,880
SHIFTED ALL OVER AND THIS IS

915
00:37:09,880 --> 00:37:11,320
WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THIS

916
00:37:11,320 --> 00:37:12,960
COUNTRY AND IT'S HAPPENING TO A

917
00:37:12,960 --> 00:37:23,440
LESSER EXTENT ACROSS ASIA AND.

918
00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:35,840
>> WHEN I WENT TO CHINA
AND WE

919
00:37:35,840 --> 00:37:45,280
DID OUR FIRST SURVEY IN 1989 AS

920
00:37:45,280 --> 00:37:47,960
WE FIND LATER WE HAD NO TAX AND

921
00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:55,160
WE HAD ZERO BUT STARTED IN 9 FED

922
00:37:55,160 --> 00:37:58,480
FRUIT OR SOMETHING AND THEN,

923
00:37:58,480 --> 00:38:00,440
WITHIN A COUPLE YEARS WE STARTED

924
00:38:00,440 --> 00:38:02,880
TO IT SHIFTING TO PACKAGES AND

925
00:38:02,880 --> 00:38:08,560
SO THAT TODAY, IT'S PRETTY MUCH

926
00:38:08,560 --> 00:38:09,760
LIKE AMERICAN SNACKS AND IT'S

927
00:38:09,760 --> 00:38:13,880
CANDY BARS, CHIPS, SUGARY

928
00:38:13,880 --> 00:38:15,760
BEVERAGES AND ALL OF THE ABOVE.

929
00:38:15,760 --> 00:38:16,840
IT'S GROWING.

930
00:38:16,840 --> 00:38:19,200
IT JUST KEEPS GROWING.

931
00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:21,120
I ONLY PUT IT UP TO HERE BECAUSE

932
00:38:21,120 --> 00:38:25,120
IT'S SO HARD AND I JUST

933
00:38:25,120 --> 00:38:25,880
RECALCULATED THE OTHER SLIDE BUT

934
00:38:25,880 --> 00:38:29,920
TO DO THE SNACKING TAKES EXTRA

935
00:38:29,920 --> 00:38:32,400
PROGRAM SEWING WE DIDN'T DO IT

936
00:38:32,400 --> 00:38:34,160
BUT AGAIN, WE KNOW IT'S GOING UP

937
00:38:34,160 --> 00:38:35,960
SINCE THEN AND OVER WEIGHT AND

938
00:38:35,960 --> 00:38:37,880
OBESITY, THIS IS THE EXAMPLES

939
00:38:37,880 --> 00:38:39,440
CHINA AND THE FACT WHEN WE

940
00:38:39,440 --> 00:38:41,040
STARTED WITH OUR PILOT BETWEEN

941
00:38:41,040 --> 00:38:44,680
89 AND 91, WHERE WE DID THE

942
00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:45,880
WEIGHING AND MEASURING

943
00:38:45,880 --> 00:38:46,840
ACCURATELY AND WE HAVEN'T

944
00:38:46,840 --> 00:38:50,240
CHANGED THOSE METHODS WE GO IN

945
00:38:50,240 --> 00:38:54,360
AND TAKE WITH SOPHISTICATED

946
00:38:54,360 --> 00:38:56,800
CASES AND EVERYBODY WEIGH AND

947
00:38:56,800 --> 00:38:59,640
MEASURES AND HAS A CLINICAL

948
00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:00,640
CASE.

949
00:39:00,640 --> 00:39:02,200
WE FIND A FOUND FOR THE FIRST

950
00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:04,080
COUPLE OF YEARS SOME INCREASES

951
00:39:04,080 --> 00:39:07,200
IN UNDER NUTRITION IN SOME OF

952
00:39:07,200 --> 00:39:08,960
THE LOWER INCOME IN THE AREA AND

953
00:39:08,960 --> 00:39:10,600
MANY WERE A POINTED BY THE WORLD

954
00:39:10,600 --> 00:39:12,000
BANK AND IN FACT ALL OF OURS

955
00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:16,200
THAT WE POINTED OUT TO THEM AS

956
00:39:16,200 --> 00:39:18,240
LOW INCOME COUNTRIES WITH

957
00:39:18,240 --> 00:39:19,440
SPECIAL LOAN PROGRAMS TO HELP

958
00:39:19,440 --> 00:39:24,000
THEM OUT AND WE DON'T SEE MUCH

959
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:25,680
IF WE GO TO THE TRIBAL AREAS

960
00:39:25,680 --> 00:39:26,920
WHICH ARE NOT REPRESENTED IN THE

961
00:39:26,920 --> 00:39:28,960
SLIDE AND WE WOULD STILL SEE

962
00:39:28,960 --> 00:39:34,360
SIGNIFICANT UNDER NUTRITION.

963
00:39:34,360 --> 00:39:38,800
AND STUNTING BUT THEY'RE A THEY

964
00:39:38,800 --> 00:39:40,920
DON'T TALK ABOUT THEM MUCH AND

965
00:39:40,920 --> 00:39:42,080
HYPERTENSION, THE SAME SHIFTS

966
00:39:42,080 --> 00:39:47,560
GOING ON IN CHINA AND DIABETES

967
00:39:47,560 --> 00:39:54,440
THE WHERE WE DID FASTING FLOOD

968
00:39:54,440 --> 00:40:05,000
AND AMONG EYE SUB POPULATION AND

969
00:40:14,080 --> 00:40:18,560
WE CAPTURE THREE OF THEM.

970
00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:21,480
AND THEY'RE PAEG CITIES OF 30 TO

971
00:40:21,480 --> 00:40:21,760
60 MILLION.

972
00:40:21,760 --> 00:40:24,160
AND THE DOUBLE BURDEN OF

973
00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:25,520
MALNUTRITION HAS SHIFTED AND IT

974
00:40:25,520 --> 00:40:28,080
NOW IS CHEAPER TO GET

975
00:40:28,080 --> 00:40:31,920
MALNOURISHED AND IT'S CHEAPER TO

976
00:40:31,920 --> 00:40:42,040
GET FAT.

977
00:40:44,320 --> 00:40:47,880
AND IN SOUTH ASIA, INDONESIA AND

978
00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:50,040
OTHERS WHERE YOU HAVE HIGH --

979
00:40:50,040 --> 00:40:51,680
PRETTY SOON, PROBABLY WITHIN ONE

980
00:40:51,680 --> 00:40:56,200
OR TWO YEARS, WE'LL HAVE NO

981
00:40:56,200 --> 00:40:58,800
COUNTRY UNDER 30% OF OVERWEIGHT

982
00:40:58,800 --> 00:41:00,720
AND OBESITY BUT YOU CAN SEE

983
00:41:00,720 --> 00:41:02,840
RIGHT HERE, THE SHIFTS ALREADY

984
00:41:02,840 --> 00:41:05,440
GOING ON WHERE COUNTRY LIKE

985
00:41:05,440 --> 00:41:09,000
INDONESIA HERE, AND WITH VERY

986
00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:13,080
HIGH LOW I  INCOME AND HIGH UNDR

987
00:41:13,080 --> 00:41:14,600
NUTRITION ARE GETTING OVER 30%

988
00:41:14,600 --> 00:41:18,880
OVER WEIGHT AND OBESITY.

989
00:41:18,880 --> 00:41:20,280
THE ADJUSTED PREVALENCE IN

990
00:41:20,280 --> 00:41:20,760
CHINA.

991
00:41:20,760 --> 00:41:22,440
HERE I WANT TO POINT THIS OUT

992
00:41:22,440 --> 00:41:24,080
JUST TO SHOW YOU THE RACE

993
00:41:24,080 --> 00:41:25,240
DIFFERENCES.

994
00:41:25,240 --> 00:41:29,640
AND THINK HERE OF OUR MEXICAN

995
00:41:29,640 --> 00:41:33,160
AMERICAN POPULATION AND FROM THE

996
00:41:33,160 --> 00:41:35,440
U.S. AND THEN TWO OTHER SUB

997
00:41:35,440 --> 00:41:37,440
POPULATIONS AND A DIFFERENT BMI,

998
00:41:37,440 --> 00:41:38,600
SEE THE DIFFERENCE IN THE

999
00:41:38,600 --> 00:41:43,680
PREVALENCE OF DIABETES AND YOU

1000
00:41:43,680 --> 00:41:46,520
BEGIN TO UNDERSTAND FROM THAT IN

1001
00:41:46,520 --> 00:41:48,640
THE U.S. THE GENETIC SIDE AND

1002
00:41:48,640 --> 00:41:50,560
THE GENETIC SIDE IS PARTICULARLY

1003
00:41:50,560 --> 00:41:54,280
IMPORTANT IN ASIA, FOR EAST

1004
00:41:54,280 --> 00:41:55,960
ASIA, FOR LOWER OR HIGHER BODY

1005
00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:58,360
FAT AND SOUTH ASIA AND SOUTH

1006
00:41:58,360 --> 00:42:00,000
ASIA IT'S A DIABETES BELT THAT

1007
00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:02,400
WAS ORIGINALLY A HYPERTENSION

1008
00:42:02,400 --> 00:42:04,960
BELT AND IN EAST ASIA BUT DIE

1009
00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:08,960
BDIABETIC AS WELL AND WE'RE GOIG

1010
00:42:08,960 --> 00:42:10,200
TO SEE THAT IN THE MIDDLE.

1011
00:42:10,200 --> 00:42:13,160
WE SEE IT IN THE MIDDLE-EAST

1012
00:42:13,160 --> 00:42:13,880
WITH DIABETES AND WE'RE SEEING

1013
00:42:13,880 --> 00:42:16,760
IT WITH HYPERTENSION AND AFRICA.

1014
00:42:16,760 --> 00:42:19,000
AND SO THERE ARE DIFFERENT

1015
00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:21,040
GENETIC RELATED KIND OF

1016
00:42:21,040 --> 00:42:22,440
RELATIONSHIPS WITH EACH OF THESE

1017
00:42:22,440 --> 00:42:25,040
AS WE KNOW AND WE'RE SEEING BOTH

1018
00:42:25,040 --> 00:42:26,600
DIABETES HYPERTENSION AND

1019
00:42:26,600 --> 00:42:28,400
CANCERS AND ALL INCREASE IN EACH

1020
00:42:28,400 --> 00:42:30,040
OF THESE COUNTRIES IN THE LOW

1021
00:42:30,040 --> 00:42:32,720
AND MIDDLE INCOME.

1022
00:42:32,720 --> 00:42:35,120
THE TRENDS IN PACKAGED FOOD

1023
00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:37,520
REALLY VARY A LOT AND DEPEND ON

1024
00:42:37,520 --> 00:42:42,240
THE COUNTRY AND SO FOURTH AND AS

1025
00:42:42,240 --> 00:42:45,880
YOU CAN SEE HERE FROM INDONESIA

1026
00:42:45,880 --> 00:42:48,800
AND INDIA, WE'RE STILL SEEING AN

1027
00:42:48,800 --> 00:42:49,040
INCREASE.

1028
00:42:49,040 --> 00:42:50,560
THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS WITH

1029
00:42:50,560 --> 00:42:52,560
COVID HAD DIFFERENT CHANGES IN

1030
00:42:52,560 --> 00:42:55,400
MANY COUNTRIES OF COURSE.

1031
00:42:55,400 --> 00:42:57,520
SO COMING BACK NOW TO CLIMATE

1032
00:42:57,520 --> 00:43:01,080
AND THE FEEDBACK LOOP.

1033
00:43:01,080 --> 00:43:02,560
FIRST, WHEN WE THINK OF ANIMAL

1034
00:43:02,560 --> 00:43:04,960
SOURCE FOODS, THEY CONSUME 40%

1035
00:43:04,960 --> 00:43:06,760
OF THE WORLD'S WATER SUPPLY

1036
00:43:06,760 --> 00:43:09,680
THROUGH THE WHOLE PRODUCTION

1037
00:43:09,680 --> 00:43:11,840
CHAIN AND THE CARBON EMISSIONS

1038
00:43:11,840 --> 00:43:15,000
ARE ABOUT, 30 TO 40%.

1039
00:43:15,000 --> 00:43:17,040
I'M NOT SURE OF THE EXACT

1040
00:43:17,040 --> 00:43:17,760
FIGURES NOW.

1041
00:43:17,760 --> 00:43:20,320
WHAT IS GOING ON, ALL THE

1042
00:43:20,320 --> 00:43:22,280
RESEARCH AND THE AG CENTERS OF

1043
00:43:22,280 --> 00:43:25,280
INTERNATIONAL AG CENTERS AND

1044
00:43:25,280 --> 00:43:27,840
ACROSS THE GLOBE IS NOT TRYING

1045
00:43:27,840 --> 00:43:30,800
TO REDUCE ANIMAL CONSUMPTION BUT

1046
00:43:30,800 --> 00:43:33,520
CHANGE THE FLATULENCE AND REDUCE

1047
00:43:33,520 --> 00:43:36,360
THE METHANE EMITTED WITH

1048
00:43:36,360 --> 00:43:37,640
DIFFERENT FEED CROPS.

1049
00:43:37,640 --> 00:43:39,320
I'M QUITE DISGRUNTLED THAT THEY

1050
00:43:39,320 --> 00:43:41,480
HAVEN'T FOCUSED ON ALSO REDUCING

1051
00:43:41,480 --> 00:43:43,680
ANIMAL SOURCE FOOD CONSUMPTION

1052
00:43:43,680 --> 00:43:45,680
BECAUSE WE'RE GOING TO NEED THAT

1053
00:43:45,680 --> 00:43:49,760
EVEN IF WE CUT THE FLATULENCE

1054
00:43:49,760 --> 00:43:51,200
THERE'S CARBON EMISSIONS IN

1055
00:43:51,200 --> 00:43:52,800
PRODUCING ANIMAL-SOURCED FOODS

1056
00:43:52,800 --> 00:43:54,560
AND ON TOP OF THAT THERE'S THE

1057
00:43:54,560 --> 00:44:03,360
HE'S NORM US WATER USE.

1058
00:44:03,360 --> 00:44:05,440
WHICH OF GLOBE CAN'T CON SANE

1059
00:44:05,440 --> 00:44:06,720
FOR THE ANIMALS WITH WATER

1060
00:44:06,720 --> 00:44:07,560
CONSUMPTION AS WELL.

1061
00:44:07,560 --> 00:44:09,160
I SHOWED YOU SUGAR COMPONENT OF

1062
00:44:09,160 --> 00:44:09,600
THIS.

1063
00:44:09,600 --> 00:44:11,000
IF I WENT THROUGH THE OTHER

1064
00:44:11,000 --> 00:44:12,640
COMPONENTS OF ULTRA-PROCESSED

1065
00:44:12,640 --> 00:44:15,120
FOOD, YOU WOULD SEE LARGER

1066
00:44:15,120 --> 00:44:19,560
CLIMATE USES IN TERMS OF CO2

1067
00:44:19,560 --> 00:44:20,760
EMISSIONS THAN YOU WOULD SEE IN

1068
00:44:20,760 --> 00:44:23,120
A FEW CASES LIKE THE NUTS AND

1069
00:44:23,120 --> 00:44:24,280
OTHER THINGS, A LOT OF WATER

1070
00:44:24,280 --> 00:44:26,280
USE, IT DEPENDS A LOT ON THE

1071
00:44:26,280 --> 00:44:27,800
SPECIFIC CROP.

1072
00:44:27,800 --> 00:44:29,960
SUGAR IN A FEW NUTS TEND TO BE

1073
00:44:29,960 --> 00:44:34,000
SOME OF THE MOST SUGAR INTENSE

1074
00:44:34,000 --> 00:44:37,800
AND OTHER LEGUMES.

1075
00:44:37,800 --> 00:44:40,560
I MEANT WATER INTENSE FOR SOME

1076
00:44:40,560 --> 00:44:43,800
OF THE CROPS THAT WE HAVE.

1077
00:44:43,800 --> 00:44:49,040
WE TALKED ABOUT SUGAR, PHYSICAL

1078
00:44:49,040 --> 00:44:52,960
ACTIVITY GOES DOWN, OBVIOUSLY AS

1079
00:44:52,960 --> 00:44:54,960
WE INVENT MORE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

1080
00:44:54,960 --> 00:44:56,960
AND CHANGE IT TO CARS AND

1081
00:44:56,960 --> 00:44:58,040
TRANSPORTATION WE'VE CHANGED IN

1082
00:44:58,040 --> 00:44:59,360
THE WRONG DIRECTION AND IN TERMS

1083
00:44:59,360 --> 00:45:02,800
OF THE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS.

1084
00:45:02,800 --> 00:45:05,920
THE HEAT STRESS AND THE WATER

1085
00:45:05,920 --> 00:45:07,480
SCARCITIES ARE GOING TO

1086
00:45:07,480 --> 00:45:07,760
INCREASE.

1087
00:45:07,760 --> 00:45:10,120
WE'RE GOING TO SEE MORE FAMINE.

1088
00:45:10,120 --> 00:45:12,360
WE'RE GOING TO SEIZE SOME LONGER

1089
00:45:12,360 --> 00:45:14,680
TERMS WHEN WE SAW IN THE WEST OF

1090
00:45:14,680 --> 00:45:15,880
THE U.S.

1091
00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:17,960
WE'RE STARTING TO SEE THIS IN

1092
00:45:17,960 --> 00:45:19,600
OTHER REGIONS AS WELL.

1093
00:45:19,600 --> 00:45:25,320
AS REGIONS HIGH AND WATER, AND

1094
00:45:25,320 --> 00:45:27,680
HIGH IN SCARCITY OF WATER MERGE

1095
00:45:27,680 --> 00:45:29,360
MORE AND MORE WITH THE

1096
00:45:29,360 --> 00:45:30,280
VARIABILITY THAT WE'RE SEEING

1097
00:45:30,280 --> 00:45:33,160
AND THAT IS A GLOBAL CONDITION

1098
00:45:33,160 --> 00:45:33,960
CHANGE.

1099
00:45:33,960 --> 00:45:35,640
SOME OF THIS WE CAN DEAL WITH

1100
00:45:35,640 --> 00:45:36,840
AND WE ALREADY ARE DEALING WITH

1101
00:45:36,840 --> 00:45:38,640
IT AND THE INTERNATIONAL

1102
00:45:38,640 --> 00:45:41,600
AGRICULTURE CENTERS AND COUNTRY

1103
00:45:41,600 --> 00:45:42,680
RESEARCH CENTERS HAVE CROPS THAT

1104
00:45:42,680 --> 00:45:44,440
CAN DEAL WITH HEAT, STRESS, THAT

1105
00:45:44,440 --> 00:45:46,120
CAN DEAL WITH WATER STRESS, THE

1106
00:45:46,120 --> 00:45:48,400
PROBLEM IS THE VARIABILITY AND

1107
00:45:48,400 --> 00:45:50,280
THE NEED TO SHIFT FARMERS FROM

1108
00:45:50,280 --> 00:45:54,400
YEAR TO YEAR IN SOME PLACES WITH

1109
00:45:54,400 --> 00:45:56,800
THE KINDS OF SEEDS THEY GROW AND

1110
00:45:56,800 --> 00:46:00,200
THAT LOGISTICS DON'T EXIST IN

1111
00:46:00,200 --> 00:46:02,920
MOST LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME

1112
00:46:02,920 --> 00:46:03,640
COUNTRIES DO.

1113
00:46:03,640 --> 00:46:06,400
SOME HAVE A GOOD AGRICULTURE

1114
00:46:06,400 --> 00:46:08,800
RESEARCH SYSTEMS BUT OTHERS

1115
00:46:08,800 --> 00:46:10,760
DON'T.

1116
00:46:10,760 --> 00:46:14,640
SO, THIS A BIG GLOBAL ISSUE.

1117
00:46:14,640 --> 00:46:16,160
FOOD PRICE VARIABILITY, WE'RE

1118
00:46:16,160 --> 00:46:18,240
GOING TO -- WHAT HAPPENED IN

1119
00:46:18,240 --> 00:46:19,880
COVID, IS NOT KIND OF THE

1120
00:46:19,880 --> 00:46:22,720
ANOMALY WE'RE GOING TO SEE IN

1121
00:46:22,720 --> 00:46:23,800
THE FUTURE.

1122
00:46:23,800 --> 00:46:27,480
THE AG CHANGES THAT HAPPEN FROM

1123
00:46:27,480 --> 00:46:29,720
DISEASES AND OTHER THINGS CAN

1124
00:46:29,720 --> 00:46:31,520
HAPPEN FROM WATER SCARCITY, IT

1125
00:46:31,520 --> 00:46:33,200
CAN DO THE SAME THING.

1126
00:46:33,200 --> 00:46:35,760
WE SEE INCREASES IN DECREASES IN

1127
00:46:35,760 --> 00:46:42,080
EACH COUNTRY AND ANIMAL SOURCE

1128
00:46:42,080 --> 00:46:43,840
FOODS DEPENDING ON WHAT GOES ON

1129
00:46:43,840 --> 00:46:44,640
WITH WATER AND CLIMATE CHANGE

1130
00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:44,920
AT.

1131
00:46:44,920 --> 00:46:46,720
THEY SELL THEM OFF AND REBUILD

1132
00:46:46,720 --> 00:46:49,920
THE HERDS AND SO ON AND A LOT

1133
00:46:49,920 --> 00:46:53,320
DEPENDS ON THE SIM WATER CHANGES

1134
00:46:53,320 --> 00:46:56,080
AND HEAT CHANGES AND SO PRICE

1135
00:46:56,080 --> 00:46:58,200
VARIABILITY IS GOING TO BE A

1136
00:46:58,200 --> 00:46:59,080
THING OF THE FUTURE.

1137
00:46:59,080 --> 00:47:00,800
THEY'LL BE HIGH PRICES FOR SOME

1138
00:47:00,800 --> 00:47:06,520
ITEMS AND NOT FOR OTHERS.

1139
00:47:06,520 --> 00:47:08,320
HOW WE DEAL WITH THAT REALLY

1140
00:47:08,320 --> 00:47:08,760
REMAINS.

1141
00:47:08,760 --> 00:47:10,440
UP UNTIL NOW, MOST OF THE

1142
00:47:10,440 --> 00:47:12,560
RESEARCH AND THE WORLD HAS

1143
00:47:12,560 --> 00:47:17,480
FOCUSED ON THE KEY CASH CROPS OF

1144
00:47:17,480 --> 00:47:20,680
BEEF AND TO A LESSER EXTENT

1145
00:47:20,680 --> 00:47:20,920
WORK.

1146
00:47:20,920 --> 00:47:22,720
THE RESEARCH ON POULTRY SCIENCE

1147
00:47:22,720 --> 00:47:26,440
IN THE REGIONS OF THE WORLD IS

1148
00:47:26,440 --> 00:47:27,680
MUCH, MUCH LOWER AS IT IS FOR

1149
00:47:27,680 --> 00:47:30,360
THE LOWER WATER USING COT

1150
00:47:30,360 --> 00:47:33,240
EMITTING DISEASES AND WHEN YOU

1151
00:47:33,240 --> 00:47:35,440
GET TO FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

1152
00:47:35,440 --> 00:47:36,720
RESEARCH, THERE'S ONLY ONE SMALL

1153
00:47:36,720 --> 00:47:38,680
CENTER THAT IS NOT EVEN PART OF

1154
00:47:38,680 --> 00:47:43,000
OUR INTERNATIONAL CENTERS, IN

1155
00:47:43,000 --> 00:47:47,000
DOING VEGETABLE RESEARCH OUT OF

1156
00:47:47,000 --> 00:47:48,280
TAIWAN AND WE DON'T HAVE THE

1157
00:47:48,280 --> 00:47:55,440
KIND OF GLOBAL FOCUS ON HEALTHY

1158
00:47:55,440 --> 00:47:57,840
FOODS RESEARCH THAT WE DO AT THE

1159
00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,120
UNHEALTHY CROPS UNFORTUNATELY.

1160
00:48:01,120 --> 00:48:05,400
AND WE'RE GOING TO NEED THAT IN

1161
00:48:05,400 --> 00:48:08,120
THE FUTURE AS WELL AS WE ARE

1162
00:48:08,120 --> 00:48:09,880
DEALING WITH THESE OTHER ISSUES

1163
00:48:09,880 --> 00:48:13,480
OF CLIMATE.

1164
00:48:13,480 --> 00:48:19,440
I'LL END THERE AND THIS IS MY

1165
00:48:19,440 --> 00:48:21,000
CONTRIBUTION TO YOURSELF.

1166
00:48:21,000 --> 00:48:22,320
I DON'T KNOW WHETHER YOU GUYS

1167
00:48:22,320 --> 00:48:32,800
WANT ME TO HAVE I DON'T KNOW

1168
00:48:33,280 --> 00:48:37,280
WHETHER YOU WANT TO HAVE PEOPLE

1169
00:48:37,280 --> 00:48:38,760
ASK QUESTIONS AND IT'S UP TO YOU

1170
00:48:38,760 --> 00:48:40,080
OR DO YOU WANT ME TO MOVE OFF

1171
00:48:40,080 --> 00:48:41,160
AND OTHER PEOPLE TAKE OVER?

1172
00:48:41,160 --> 00:48:43,920
>> WE WOULD LOVE TO HAVE
ABOUT

1173
00:48:43,920 --> 00:48:46,800
FIVE MINUTES FOR QUESTIONS.

1174
00:48:46,800 --> 00:48:48,080
I BELIEVE THAT WORKING GROUP

1175
00:48:48,080 --> 00:48:52,640
MEMBERS SHOULD BE ABLE TO RAISE

1176
00:48:52,640 --> 00:48:54,040
THEIR HANDS AND I CAN CALL ON

1177
00:48:54,040 --> 00:48:55,200
YOU AND FEEL FREE TO PUT

1178
00:48:55,200 --> 00:49:00,920
QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT TOO THANK

1179
00:49:00,920 --> 00:49:02,720
YOU FOR TALK TO GO OUR GROUP, IT

1180
00:49:02,720 --> 00:49:04,600
WAS A USEFUL OVERVIEW OF THE

1181
00:49:04,600 --> 00:49:05,520
NUTRITION TRANSITION AND SOME OF

1182
00:49:05,520 --> 00:49:07,880
THE CHANGES WE CAN EXPECT TO SEE

1183
00:49:07,880 --> 00:49:10,280
WITH REGARDS TO CLIMATE AND

1184
00:49:10,280 --> 00:49:10,760
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE.

1185
00:49:10,760 --> 00:49:12,560
I WAS CURIOUS IF YOU COULD --

1186
00:49:12,560 --> 00:49:14,320
YOU JUST ENDED BY TALKING ABOUT

1187
00:49:14,320 --> 00:49:15,680
FOOD PRICES AND I WAS CURIOUS IF

1188
00:49:15,680 --> 00:49:17,840
YOU COULD COMMENT A LITTLE BIT

1189
00:49:17,840 --> 00:49:20,560
MORE IN DETAIL ABOUT WHAT YOU

1190
00:49:20,560 --> 00:49:22,200
THINK WITH REGARDS TO WEATHER

1191
00:49:22,200 --> 00:49:23,960
CLIMATE EFFECTS ON PRICES ARE

1192
00:49:23,960 --> 00:49:27,440
MORE LIKELY TO EFFECT HEALTHY,

1193
00:49:27,440 --> 00:49:29,160
MINIMALLY PROCESSED FOODS,

1194
00:49:29,160 --> 00:49:30,800
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES, OR WILL

1195
00:49:30,800 --> 00:49:33,040
IT ACCELERATE THE SHIFT TO

1196
00:49:33,040 --> 00:49:35,560
ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS AND SUGARY

1197
00:49:35,560 --> 00:49:35,800
DRINKS?

1198
00:49:35,800 --> 00:49:38,040
>> THAT'S A VERY GOOD
QUESTION.

1199
00:49:38,040 --> 00:49:40,040
BY THE WAY, FOR EVERYBODY, I'M

1200
00:49:40,040 --> 00:49:45,000
ALSO AN AGRICULTURE ECONOMIST SO

1201
00:49:45,000 --> 00:49:47,920
I HAVE TWO HATS FROM NUTRITION

1202
00:49:47,920 --> 00:49:51,560
AND AG-ECONOMICS AND ECONOMICS.

1203
00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:55,560
SO, TO DEAL WITH THAT, MANY OF

1204
00:49:55,560 --> 00:49:59,120
OUR VEGETABLE CROPS FOR EXAMPLE

1205
00:49:59,120 --> 00:50:00,400
AND FRAUGHT CROPS ARE SOMEWHAT

1206
00:50:00,400 --> 00:50:03,880
WATER INTENSE IN THE SENSE NOT

1207
00:50:03,880 --> 00:50:05,280
THAT THEY USE A LOT OF WATER BUT

1208
00:50:05,280 --> 00:50:07,440
THEY NEED IT AT SPECIFIC TIMES

1209
00:50:07,440 --> 00:50:08,640
AND WITHOUT WATER THEY AREN'T

1210
00:50:08,640 --> 00:50:11,120
GOING TO BE PRODUCED.

1211
00:50:11,120 --> 00:50:14,320
SO, THERE ARE WAYS TO HAVE USE

1212
00:50:14,320 --> 00:50:15,880
MINIMAL WATER FOR THEM AND

1213
00:50:15,880 --> 00:50:18,800
THEY'RE BEING ADOPTED IN MANY

1214
00:50:18,800 --> 00:50:23,600
PLACES AND NOT LIKE THEY ARE IN

1215
00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:33,240
ISRAEL WHERE THEY'VE OF YET BUT

1216
00:50:33,240 --> 00:50:36,080
I FEAR THAT WE FOCUS SO MUCH OF

1217
00:50:36,080 --> 00:50:39,800
OUR ATTENTION ON THE GRAINS.

1218
00:50:39,800 --> 00:50:45,280
THE STARCH' STAPLES AND BEEF AND

1219
00:50:45,280 --> 00:50:46,520
PORK AND WE HAVE NOT FOCUSED

1220
00:50:46,520 --> 00:50:51,000
ENOUGH RESEARCH ON THE CLIMATE

1221
00:50:51,000 --> 00:50:53,720
VARIABILITY, CLIMATE PRESERVING

1222
00:50:53,720 --> 00:50:55,360
APPROACHES WITH SEEDS FOR

1223
00:50:55,360 --> 00:50:56,600
VEGETABLES AND FRUIT THAT WE

1224
00:50:56,600 --> 00:50:57,920
HAVE FOR OTHER CROPS.

1225
00:50:57,920 --> 00:51:00,520
WE HAVE FOR CASH CROPS OF FRUIT

1226
00:51:00,520 --> 00:51:02,200
AND HIGHER INCOME COUNTRIES IN

1227
00:51:02,200 --> 00:51:04,520
SOME LOW INCOME BUT WE HAVE NOT

1228
00:51:04,520 --> 00:51:11,480
CUP DONE IT FOR THE BASIC VEGETS

1229
00:51:11,480 --> 00:51:12,400
PEOPLE CONSUME.

1230
00:51:12,400 --> 00:51:14,200
THERE'S RESEARCH IN THE RESEARCH

1231
00:51:14,200 --> 00:51:16,480
AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER OUT OF

1232
00:51:16,480 --> 00:51:17,760
TAIWAN BUT IT DOESN'T GET MUCH

1233
00:51:17,760 --> 00:51:20,480
OF THE GLOBAL MONEY THAT GOES TO

1234
00:51:20,480 --> 00:51:23,320
THE INTERNATIONAL CENTERS THAT

1235
00:51:23,320 --> 00:51:28,840
ARE UNDER WHAT WE CALL THE

1236
00:51:28,840 --> 00:51:30,880
CTIARC AND SO THIS GLOBAL

1237
00:51:30,880 --> 00:51:32,440
CONSORTIUM THAT GETS MOST OF THE

1238
00:51:32,440 --> 00:51:34,440
MONEY IN FUNDING FOR CROPS AND

1239
00:51:34,440 --> 00:51:36,360
THEY FOCUS MORE ON THE CASH

1240
00:51:36,360 --> 00:51:37,360
CROP.

1241
00:51:37,360 --> 00:51:41,360
THEY DO HAVE AN INCREASING FOCUS

1242
00:51:41,360 --> 00:51:50,720
ON LEG I'M AND WE'RE SEEING IT

1243
00:51:50,720 --> 00:52:00,920
IN COLOMBIA.

1244
00:52:04,400 --> 00:52:13,200
LEGUME -- THANK YOU.

1245
00:52:13,200 --> 00:52:14,960
DAN HAS HIS HAND UP AND WE'LL

1246
00:52:14,960 --> 00:52:16,200
MOVE TO THE NEXT QUESTIONS.

1247
00:52:16,200 --> 00:52:19,080
>> THANK YOU AS ALWAYS.

1248
00:52:19,080 --> 00:52:21,200
IT WAS ILLUMINATING.

1249
00:52:21,200 --> 00:52:24,680
YOU FOCUSED LARGELY ON FOOD

1250
00:52:24,680 --> 00:52:25,200
SYSTEMS.

1251
00:52:25,200 --> 00:52:27,560
AND THE COMMODITIES.

1252
00:52:27,560 --> 00:52:32,680
YOU FOCUSED ON THE ISSUES OF HOW

1253
00:52:32,680 --> 00:52:35,360
PEOPLE ARE MAKING CHOICES AND

1254
00:52:35,360 --> 00:52:42,320
YOU ALSO -- I'M WONDERING IF YOU

1255
00:52:42,320 --> 00:52:47,800
HAVE YOU TALKED ABOUT THE DELTA

1256
00:52:47,800 --> 00:52:49,560
MENTAL EFFECTS OF ANIMAL SOURCE

1257
00:52:49,560 --> 00:52:55,040
FOODS BUT YOU DIDN'T TALK ABOUT

1258
00:52:55,040 --> 00:52:56,600
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ANIMAL

1259
00:52:56,600 --> 00:52:58,320
SOURCE FOODS TO NUTRITIONAL

1260
00:52:58,320 --> 00:52:59,560
STATS AND ALONG WITH THAT, I'M

1261
00:52:59,560 --> 00:53:01,320
WONDERING IF YOU HAVE ANY DATA

1262
00:53:01,320 --> 00:53:04,120
IN CHINA WITH REGARD TO HOW

1263
00:53:04,120 --> 00:53:05,680
THESE CHANGES, IF THEY'RE

1264
00:53:05,680 --> 00:53:08,280
SEEING, MIGHT MAYBE CHANGE

1265
00:53:08,280 --> 00:53:09,960
CHOICES AND BEHAVIORS WITH

1266
00:53:09,960 --> 00:53:12,080
REGARDS TO USE OF DIETARY

1267
00:53:12,080 --> 00:53:13,840
SUPPLEMENTS AND TRADITIONAL

1268
00:53:13,840 --> 00:53:14,360
FOODS.

1269
00:53:14,360 --> 00:53:18,680
IS THERE A PER EXPERIENCE THAT S

1270
00:53:18,680 --> 00:53:19,880
CHANGING AND RESPONDING IN A WAY

1271
00:53:19,880 --> 00:53:21,800
THAT WE SEE ELSEWHERE?

1272
00:53:21,800 --> 00:53:24,960
>> WELL, THERE'S A LOT OF

1273
00:53:24,960 --> 00:53:25,400
QUESTIONS THERE.

1274
00:53:25,400 --> 00:53:27,240
I'LL GO FROM THE BACK.

1275
00:53:27,240 --> 00:53:30,960
I REMEMBER THAT ONE BETTER.

1276
00:53:30,960 --> 00:53:34,040
ON THE QUESTION OF THE HEALTH

1277
00:53:34,040 --> 00:53:36,640
SIDE IN CHINA, FIRST,

1278
00:53:36,640 --> 00:53:39,200
TRADITIONAL DIETS ARE REALLY

1279
00:53:39,200 --> 00:53:39,680
DOWN.

1280
00:53:39,680 --> 00:53:41,920
THEY'RE DISAPPEARING IN CHINA.

1281
00:53:41,920 --> 00:53:46,400
WHAT WE THOUGHT OF US

1282
00:53:46,400 --> 00:53:47,760
CARBOHYDRATES, A LITTLE BIT OF

1283
00:53:47,760 --> 00:53:50,360
OIL MAYBE HARDLY ANY AT ALL

1284
00:53:50,360 --> 00:53:57,720
ACTUALLY AND VEGETABLES AND IT'S

1285
00:53:57,720 --> 00:54:00,760
COMPLETELY DISAPPEARING.

1286
00:54:00,760 --> 00:54:01,440
UNFORTUNATELY.

1287
00:54:01,440 --> 00:54:03,720
VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION IS STILL

1288
00:54:03,720 --> 00:54:04,880
MODERATE AND IT'S NOT

1289
00:54:04,880 --> 00:54:07,080
DISAPPEARED LIKE IT HAS FOR MANY

1290
00:54:07,080 --> 00:54:11,480
OTHER COUNTRIES.

1291
00:54:11,480 --> 00:54:14,920
WE FIND THESE CHANGES AND THE

1292
00:54:14,920 --> 00:54:16,400
CHANGES IN HEALTH, WE CAN SHOW

1293
00:54:16,400 --> 00:54:18,720
THEM FOR CHINA BUT AROUND THE

1294
00:54:18,720 --> 00:54:22,480
GLOBE WE DON'T HAVE THE KIND OF

1295
00:54:22,480 --> 00:54:24,720
LARGE CASE CONTROL SIZE AND

1296
00:54:24,720 --> 00:54:25,960
OTHER KINDS OF THINGS ON DIET

1297
00:54:25,960 --> 00:54:28,040
AND DISEASE LIKE WE HAVE IN SOME

1298
00:54:28,040 --> 00:54:29,800
OF THE HIGHER INCOME COUNTRIES.

1299
00:54:29,800 --> 00:54:32,000
WE HAVE THEM FROM BRAZIL,

1300
00:54:32,000 --> 00:54:33,800
MEXICO, A NUMBER STUDIES ON SOME

1301
00:54:33,800 --> 00:54:37,760
OF THEM DIET SHIFTS AND WE KNOW

1302
00:54:37,760 --> 00:54:39,440
FROM MEXICO HOW DIABETESS LINKED

1303
00:54:39,440 --> 00:54:41,360
WITH THE SUGARY BEVERAGE INTAKE

1304
00:54:41,360 --> 00:54:43,680
AND STUDIES FROM SOME COHORTS

1305
00:54:43,680 --> 00:54:46,000
THERE AND KIND OF REPLICATE THE

1306
00:54:46,000 --> 00:54:50,440
HARVARD COHORT AND IN CHINA,

1307
00:54:50,440 --> 00:54:52,040
WE'RE SEEING AN INCREASE NOW IN

1308
00:54:52,040 --> 00:54:54,240
A NUMBER OF THE CANCERS AND THAT

1309
00:54:54,240 --> 00:54:57,800
ARE VERY MUCH RELATED TO DIET

1310
00:54:57,800 --> 00:54:59,480
AND OVER WEIGHT AND OBESITY AND

1311
00:54:59,480 --> 00:55:06,640
THOSE ARE THE CANCERS INCREASING

1312
00:55:06,640 --> 00:55:09,120
AND ALONG WITH CARDIO CAS LIEU

1313
00:55:09,120 --> 00:55:11,240
CAR DISEASES WE'RE SEEING LARGE

1314
00:55:11,240 --> 00:55:12,320
INCREASES IN BOTH BUT NOT

1315
00:55:12,320 --> 00:55:13,000
COMPLETELY.

1316
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:14,600
ONLY RELATED TO DIET BECAUSE

1317
00:55:14,600 --> 00:55:16,480
ALONG WITH ALL THE CHANGES IN

1318
00:55:16,480 --> 00:55:18,320
DIET AND OTHER THINGS IN CHINA,

1319
00:55:18,320 --> 00:55:19,760
CHINA SEEN ENORMOUS

1320
00:55:19,760 --> 00:55:22,840
ENVIRONMENTAL SHIFTS.

1321
00:55:22,840 --> 00:55:23,800
NOT FORKED GOOD.

1322
00:55:23,800 --> 00:55:27,920
WE HAVE VERY HIGH ASBESTOS

1323
00:55:27,920 --> 00:55:30,960
COUNTS AND THE TOE NAIL SAMPLES

1324
00:55:30,960 --> 00:55:35,360
THAT WE'VE COLLECTED AND SO

1325
00:55:35,360 --> 00:55:39,480
THESE KINDS OF -- NOT AS POSE

1326
00:55:39,480 --> 00:55:40,520
TOES, EXCUSE ME, OTHER TOXIC

1327
00:55:40,520 --> 00:55:43,720
ELEMENTS THAT I FORGET RIGHT

1328
00:55:43,720 --> 00:55:44,480
THIS SECOND.

1329
00:55:44,480 --> 00:55:47,760
>> ACINIC.

1330
00:55:47,760 --> 00:55:55,160
>> YES, FOR SURE AND A F A
FEW R

1331
00:55:55,160 --> 00:55:57,720
ARE HIGH PREVALENCE SO THOSE

1332
00:55:57,720 --> 00:55:59,080
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND THE

1333
00:55:59,080 --> 00:56:00,280
POLLUTION EFFECT AND THERE'S ALL

1334
00:56:00,280 --> 00:56:01,840
THESE OTHER KINDS OF CHANGES

1335
00:56:01,840 --> 00:56:04,080
GOING ON IN CHINA AT THE SAME

1336
00:56:04,080 --> 00:56:07,520
TIME BUT THAT IS NOT UNLIKE THE

1337
00:56:07,520 --> 00:56:09,080
CITIES ACROSS MOST OF THE LOW

1338
00:56:09,080 --> 00:56:11,800
AND MIDDLE INCOME WORLD AND IN

1339
00:56:11,800 --> 00:56:13,840
FACT IT WILL BE WORSE IN A LOT

1340
00:56:13,840 --> 00:56:18,120
OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN AND SOUTH

1341
00:56:18,120 --> 00:56:19,440
ASIAN COUNTRIES AND THE

1342
00:56:19,440 --> 00:56:20,720
POLLUTION IN CHINA.

1343
00:56:20,720 --> 00:56:24,280
IN SELECTED URBAN AREAS.

1344
00:56:24,280 --> 00:56:26,400
SO, THIS IS A UNIVERSAL CHANGE

1345
00:56:26,400 --> 00:56:28,400
THAT WE'VE SEEN EARLY ON BEFORE

1346
00:56:28,400 --> 00:56:30,920
COUNTRIES PUT THE MONEY INTO

1347
00:56:30,920 --> 00:56:32,640
DEAL WITH POLL PROSECUTION OTHER

1348
00:56:32,640 --> 00:56:38,960
THINGS AND POLLUTION AND OTHERTD

1349
00:56:38,960 --> 00:56:40,640
OF COAL WE WILL FACE THESE IN

1350
00:56:40,640 --> 00:56:42,200
CHINA, INDIA AND OTHER COUNTRIES

1351
00:56:42,200 --> 00:56:46,080
SO I'LL LEAVE IT THERE ON THAT.

1352
00:56:46,080 --> 00:56:52,560
I'M NOT SURE IF APPROXIMATE YOU

1353
00:56:52,560 --> 00:57:02,720
ASKED WE DON'T HAVE THE SAME

1354
00:57:02,720 --> 00:57:05,040
DATA TO LINK THEM IN CHINA WHERE

1355
00:57:05,040 --> 00:57:08,520
WE'VE SHOWN A LOT OF THESE KEY

1356
00:57:08,520 --> 00:57:09,840
NUTRIENTS AND FOODS ARE LINKED

1357
00:57:09,840 --> 00:57:12,440
WITH A LOT OF DIFFERENT NCDs.

1358
00:57:12,440 --> 00:57:14,680
>> YOU MAKE A COMPELLING
CASE

1359
00:57:14,680 --> 00:57:17,920
FOR THE NEED FOR ECOLOGICAL

1360
00:57:17,920 --> 00:57:18,560
APPROACH.

1361
00:57:18,560 --> 00:57:20,360
THAT'S THE WHOLE POINT HERE.

1362
00:57:20,360 --> 00:57:24,280
AND WE'LL BE DEALING WITH FOOD

1363
00:57:24,280 --> 00:57:24,960
SYSTEMS NEXT WEEK.

1364
00:57:24,960 --> 00:57:25,840
WE'LL COVER A LOT OF WHAT YOU

1365
00:57:25,840 --> 00:57:27,880
ARE ADDRESSING NOW.

1366
00:57:27,880 --> 00:57:28,200
THANK YOU.

1367
00:57:28,200 --> 00:57:30,640
>> GREAT.

1368
00:57:30,640 --> 00:57:33,960
SORRY I SEE LEW HAS HAD HIS

1369
00:57:33,960 --> 00:57:36,120
HANDS UP FOR QUITE A WHILE.

1370
00:57:36,120 --> 00:57:38,120
>> YES, THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR

1371
00:57:38,120 --> 00:57:39,080
THAT OVERVIEW.

1372
00:57:39,080 --> 00:57:41,120
I'LL TRY TO MAKE THIS A QUICK

1373
00:57:41,120 --> 00:57:41,560
QUESTION.

1374
00:57:41,560 --> 00:57:45,160
WHEN IT COMES TO LOOKING AT THE

1375
00:57:45,160 --> 00:57:47,880
DIS SID YOU US FRUIT SOURCES

1376
00:57:47,880 --> 00:57:49,200
THAT EVERYONE RECOGNIZES IS A

1377
00:57:49,200 --> 00:57:51,040
IMPORTANT NUTRITIONAL SOURCE

1378
00:57:51,040 --> 00:57:52,000
GLOBALLY BUT ONE OF THE ISSUES

1379
00:57:52,000 --> 00:57:54,040
WE'RE FACING IS THAT AS

1380
00:57:54,040 --> 00:57:56,160
TEMPERATURES WARM AND THE

1381
00:57:56,160 --> 00:57:59,560
CHILLING REQUIREMENT CHANGES,

1382
00:57:59,560 --> 00:58:02,160
AND GIVEN THE LONGEVITY OF CROPS

1383
00:58:02,160 --> 00:58:03,600
NO ONE TO MY KNOWLEDGE IS

1384
00:58:03,600 --> 00:58:08,120
ACTUALLY LOOKING AT WHAT ARE THE

1385
00:58:08,120 --> 00:58:09,680
BEST FRUIT CULT VARS TO PLANT

1386
00:58:09,680 --> 00:58:11,800
NOW SO WE CAN MAINTAIN THAT

1387
00:58:11,800 --> 00:58:13,280
PRODUCTION 20 YEARS FROM NOW?

1388
00:58:13,280 --> 00:58:15,360
BUT MY LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE IS

1389
00:58:15,360 --> 00:58:15,680
LIMITED.

1390
00:58:15,680 --> 00:58:17,280
DO YOU KNOW OF ANYONE IN CHINA

1391
00:58:17,280 --> 00:58:18,120
OR ELSEWHERE?

1392
00:58:18,120 --> 00:58:28,240
>> YES.

1393
00:58:38,840 --> 00:58:43,120
WE PUT IN ALL THESE LAND GRANT

1394
00:58:43,120 --> 00:58:44,000
UNIVERSITIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY

1395
00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:45,520
AND THEY'RE FOCUSED, MANY OF

1396
00:58:45,520 --> 00:58:48,360
THEM, MOST OF THEM ON THE KEY

1397
00:58:48,360 --> 00:58:49,760
CROPS OR FOODS IN THEIR

1398
00:58:49,760 --> 00:58:51,240
COUNTRIES FROM NORTH CAROLINA

1399
00:58:51,240 --> 00:58:53,560
AND WE FOCUS ON PORK, WE USED TO

1400
00:58:53,560 --> 00:58:56,520
FOCUS ON TOBACCO AND WE FOCUS ON

1401
00:58:56,520 --> 00:58:58,200
CERTAIN CROPS THAT ARE CRITICAL,

1402
00:58:58,200 --> 00:59:02,640
BLUE BERRY AND OTHERS SEW, YOU E

1403
00:59:02,640 --> 00:59:03,600
THAT IN THE U.S.

1404
00:59:03,600 --> 00:59:05,360
IN A FEW ASIAN COUNTRIES WE SEE

1405
00:59:05,360 --> 00:59:06,880
SOME OF THAT STARTING WHERE THEY

1406
00:59:06,880 --> 00:59:08,920
HAVE A HUGE CASH CROP OF

1407
00:59:08,920 --> 00:59:12,440
SOMETHING AND THEY'VE CLEARLY --

1408
00:59:12,440 --> 00:59:14,920
THEY HAVEN'T, THERE'S NOT A

1409
00:59:14,920 --> 00:59:17,880
RESEARCH CENTER FOCUSED ON FRUIT

1410
00:59:17,880 --> 00:59:20,480
GLOBALLY AND TO HELP LEAD THE

1411
00:59:20,480 --> 00:59:22,360
COUNTRIES IN THIS WORK AND DO

1412
00:59:22,360 --> 00:59:24,960
CROSS COUNTRY EXPERIMENTS AND

1413
00:59:24,960 --> 00:59:26,600
OTHER THINGS THAT WORK ON THAT

1414
00:59:26,600 --> 00:59:28,720
AND SO WE DON'T HAVE -- THAT'S

1415
00:59:28,720 --> 00:59:30,240
WHAT I WAS POINTING OUT, WE

1416
00:59:30,240 --> 00:59:32,480
DON'T HAVE THAT FOR MOST OF THE

1417
00:59:32,480 --> 00:59:35,440
VEGETABLES AS WELL.

1418
00:59:35,440 --> 00:59:38,960
SO, WE'RE -- THAT'S THE GAP AND

1419
00:59:38,960 --> 00:59:41,680
IT'S A GLOBAL GAP AND IT'S KIND

1420
00:59:41,680 --> 00:59:43,640
OF CREATED IN A SENSE NO ONE

1421
00:59:43,640 --> 00:59:46,320
WANTED TO CREATE IN THE CGIR OF

1422
00:59:46,320 --> 00:59:48,800
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE THINGS SO

1423
00:59:48,800 --> 00:59:49,760
TAIWAN CREATED ONE.

1424
00:59:49,760 --> 00:59:51,200
IT'S A GOOD SYSTEM BUT THEY

1425
00:59:51,200 --> 00:59:53,680
DON'T GET THE SAME LEVEL OF

1426
00:59:53,680 --> 00:59:56,480
GLOBAL FUNDING BECAUSE IT'S --

1427
00:59:56,480 --> 00:59:58,520
IT CAN'T BE BECAUSE IT'S NOT

1428
00:59:58,520 --> 01:00:04,120
PART OF CHINA RIGHT NOW.

1429
01:00:04,120 --> 01:00:07,240
THERE NEEDS TO BE MORE ON THAT

1430
01:00:07,240 --> 01:00:08,640
AND FOR A LONG TIME THE U.S. WAS

1431
01:00:08,640 --> 01:00:09,720
A LEADER.

1432
01:00:09,720 --> 01:00:13,440
WE CREATED MOST OF THESE AG

1433
01:00:13,440 --> 01:00:14,560
RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES ACROSS THE

1434
01:00:14,560 --> 01:00:17,400
GLOBAL AND IN EVERY COUNTRY.

1435
01:00:17,400 --> 01:00:21,680
SO, WE HAVE THOSE LINKAGES.

1436
01:00:21,680 --> 01:00:24,480
OUR FOREIGN AID HAS NOT FOCUSED

1437
01:00:24,480 --> 01:00:25,160
SO MUCH.

1438
01:00:25,160 --> 01:00:26,960
THEY'VE FOCUSED NOT ON THE

1439
01:00:26,960 --> 01:00:28,280
AGRICULTURE SIDE AS MUCH AS

1440
01:00:28,280 --> 01:00:30,120
PROVIDING THAT KIND OF

1441
01:00:30,120 --> 01:00:30,960
INFRASTRUCTURE, HELP AGAIN LIKE

1442
01:00:30,960 --> 01:00:32,160
WE DID BEFORE.

1443
01:00:32,160 --> 01:00:34,160
AND WE COULD DO IT.

1444
01:00:34,160 --> 01:00:36,640
AND BELIEVE ME, WE HAVE THE

1445
01:00:36,640 --> 01:00:39,280
SKILLS AND SETS AND THERE ARE

1446
01:00:39,280 --> 01:00:40,400
SKILLED TRAINED PEOPLE IN MANY

1447
01:00:40,400 --> 01:00:43,200
OF THESE COUNTRY AND THEY TEND

1448
01:00:43,200 --> 01:00:46,200
TO WORK ON THE BIG CASH CROPS.

1449
01:00:46,200 --> 01:00:48,200
AND SO THE MAJOR CASH CROPS BUT

1450
01:00:48,200 --> 01:00:51,400
THE ONES THAT PEOPLE LEAD AREN'T

1451
01:00:51,400 --> 01:00:52,760
THE BIG CASH CROPS IT'S WHAT IS

1452
01:00:52,760 --> 01:00:55,000
AVAILABLE IN MY PIKE ROW

1453
01:00:55,000 --> 01:00:55,360
CLIMATE.

1454
01:00:55,360 --> 01:00:59,200
>> THEY ASKED ONE TIME WHY
HE

1455
01:00:59,200 --> 01:01:00,160
ROBBED BANKS AND HE TOLD HIM

1456
01:01:00,160 --> 01:01:02,400
THAT'S WHERE THE MONEY IS.

1457
01:01:02,400 --> 01:01:04,680
THE SAME RESEARCH MIND SET GOES

1458
01:01:04,680 --> 01:01:05,760
OFTEN INTO DOING THAT AND IT'S

1459
01:01:05,760 --> 01:01:07,760
NOT FORTUNATE, BECAUSE I THINK

1460
01:01:07,760 --> 01:01:09,760
THAT FROM A DIETARY, FROM A

1461
01:01:09,760 --> 01:01:12,200
NUTRITIONAL POINT OF VIEW, THOSE

1462
01:01:12,200 --> 01:01:13,520
ARE THE ISSUES THAT THE CROPS

1463
01:01:13,520 --> 01:01:15,880
SYSTEMS THAT NEED TO BE STUDIED

1464
01:01:15,880 --> 01:01:16,080
MORE.

1465
01:01:16,080 --> 01:01:16,360
THANK YOU.

1466
01:01:16,360 --> 01:01:18,360
>> I SHOULD ADD, I'M
WORKING

1467
01:01:18,360 --> 01:01:19,800
WITH THE WORLD BANK AND WE'RE

1468
01:01:19,800 --> 01:01:22,120
RIGHT NOW OUR FOCUS IS STOPPING

1469
01:01:22,120 --> 01:01:24,400
SUGAR SUBSIDIARIES AROUND THE

1470
01:01:24,400 --> 01:01:27,840
WORLD BUT CLEARLY THE GOAL IN

1471
01:01:27,840 --> 01:01:29,520
THE LONG-TERM, WITH THEM, IS TO

1472
01:01:29,520 --> 01:01:31,520
START TO SHIFT SOME OF THEIR

1473
01:01:31,520 --> 01:01:33,080
PUSH TOWARDS HEALTHIER FOODS AS

1474
01:01:33,080 --> 01:01:35,320
WELL.

1475
01:01:35,320 --> 01:01:37,400
AND SO, RIGHT NOW WE'RE DEALING

1476
01:01:37,400 --> 01:01:38,960
WITH THE IMMEDIATE CLIMATE

1477
01:01:38,960 --> 01:01:41,760
ISSUES LIKE SUGAR AND WATER AND

1478
01:01:41,760 --> 01:01:43,840
SOME OF THE THINGS THAT THEY CAN

1479
01:01:43,840 --> 01:01:46,000
STOP DOING THAT ARE HARMFUL.

1480
01:01:46,000 --> 01:01:49,400
AND OTHER COUNTRIES THEY CAN

1481
01:01:49,400 --> 01:01:49,880
STOP.

1482
01:01:49,880 --> 01:01:50,840
I'M DONE.

1483
01:01:50,840 --> 01:01:53,000
>> WE WILL TAKE A QUESTION
FROM

1484
01:01:53,000 --> 01:01:54,280
ROBIN AND THEN WE'VE GOT A

1485
01:01:54,280 --> 01:01:55,480
QUESTION IN THE CHAT AND THEN

1486
01:01:55,480 --> 01:01:56,600
WE'LL PROBABLY MOVE TO WRAP-UP

1487
01:01:56,600 --> 01:01:57,080
AFTER THAT.

1488
01:01:57,080 --> 01:01:59,520
>> ROBIN.

1489
01:01:59,520 --> 01:02:02,920
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
THAT

1490
01:02:02,920 --> 01:02:03,840
PERSPECTIVE.

1491
01:02:03,840 --> 01:02:04,960
ANIMAL SCIENTIST I HAVE A LOT OF

1492
01:02:04,960 --> 01:02:09,080
THINGS TO SAY ABOUT THE RUM IN

1493
01:02:09,080 --> 01:02:09,640
EFFECT.

1494
01:02:09,640 --> 01:02:11,920
I WONDER IF YOU CAN COMMENT FROM

1495
01:02:11,920 --> 01:02:15,000
THE HUMAN PERSPECTIVE ABOUT THE

1496
01:02:15,000 --> 01:02:17,720
CHALLENGE OF THE VALUES HUMANS

1497
01:02:17,720 --> 01:02:22,040
OBTAIN FROM MEAT AS A RUM INANT

1498
01:02:22,040 --> 01:02:24,720
PRODUCT AND SHOULD WE BE VIEWING

1499
01:02:24,720 --> 01:02:32,880
THOSE THINGS DIFFERENTLY?

1500
01:02:32,880 --> 01:02:43,360
AND CLEARLY, MEAT IS NECESSARY

1501
01:02:49,600 --> 01:02:51,240
WE HAVE EUROPE AND THE U.S. AND

1502
01:02:51,240 --> 01:02:53,400
HIGHER INCOME COUNTRIES

1503
01:02:53,400 --> 01:02:55,120
CONSUMING HALF OR MORE,

1504
01:02:55,120 --> 01:02:56,800
TWO-THIRDS OF THE WORLD ANIMAL

1505
01:02:56,800 --> 01:02:59,760
SOURCE FOODS OF THOSE RUMINANT

1506
01:02:59,760 --> 01:03:01,280
ANIMALS AND THE REST OF THE

1507
01:03:01,280 --> 01:03:07,120
WORLD CONSUMING NOT SO MUCH AND

1508
01:03:07,120 --> 01:03:09,080
WE NEED MORE FOR COLLECT

1509
01:03:09,080 --> 01:03:10,280
POPULATION AND IRON

1510
01:03:10,280 --> 01:03:12,040
FORTIFICATION AND OTHER THINGS

1511
01:03:12,040 --> 01:03:14,520
TO REALLY ADDRESS SOME OF THE

1512
01:03:14,520 --> 01:03:16,760
NEEDS AND FOR WEANING KIDS, WE

1513
01:03:16,760 --> 01:03:19,120
NEED SOME OF THE ANIMAL PROTEIN

1514
01:03:19,120 --> 01:03:20,640
IN SOME OF THE NUTRIENTS TO COME

1515
01:03:20,640 --> 01:03:22,640
WITH ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS, SOME

1516
01:03:22,640 --> 01:03:23,600
OF IT.

1517
01:03:23,600 --> 01:03:28,040
SO, THERE'S AN IMBALANCE AND SO

1518
01:03:28,040 --> 01:03:29,040
WHEEL WE NEED TO HAVE SOME

1519
01:03:29,040 --> 01:03:30,600
INCREASE IN LOW AND MIDDLE

1520
01:03:30,600 --> 01:03:33,880
INCOME COUNTRIES FOR CERTAIN KEY

1521
01:03:33,880 --> 01:03:35,520
POPULATIONS, WE CAN DO SOME OF

1522
01:03:35,520 --> 01:03:38,760
THE, COVER SOME OF THE PROBLEMS

1523
01:03:38,760 --> 01:03:40,920
OF ANEMIA AND OTHER THINGS

1524
01:03:40,920 --> 01:03:42,320
INCREASINGLY IT'S POSSIBLE WE

1525
01:03:42,320 --> 01:03:43,520
REACH EVERYBODY AND MOST OF THE

1526
01:03:43,520 --> 01:03:45,160
WORLD WITH A FEW PROCESSED GRAIN

1527
01:03:45,160 --> 01:03:47,520
AND OTHER PRODUCTS.

1528
01:03:47,520 --> 01:03:51,040
WE NEED SOME MILK, IT'S VERY

1529
01:03:51,040 --> 01:03:51,640
COMPLEX.

1530
01:03:51,640 --> 01:03:53,720
I'VE FROM WISCONSIN.

1531
01:03:53,720 --> 01:03:58,400
AND SO OBVIOUSLY I GREW UP ON

1532
01:03:58,400 --> 01:04:01,480
MILK.

1533
01:04:01,480 --> 01:04:03,520
YOU DID WHETHER YOU WERE LACTOSE

1534
01:04:03,520 --> 01:04:04,680
INTOLERANT OR NOT, SO YOU

1535
01:04:04,680 --> 01:04:06,680
ADAPTED TO IT.

1536
01:04:06,680 --> 01:04:07,560
MILK IS COMPLEX.

1537
01:04:07,560 --> 01:04:10,880
WE HAVE A NUMBER OF HIGH DAIRY

1538
01:04:10,880 --> 01:04:13,960
CONSUMING COUNTRIES THAT ARE

1539
01:04:13,960 --> 01:04:15,880
VEGETARIAN LIKE IN SOUTH ASIA IN

1540
01:04:15,880 --> 01:04:17,840
PARTICULAR AND A FEW OF THE

1541
01:04:17,840 --> 01:04:22,640
OTHER BUDDHIST REGIONS.

1542
01:04:22,640 --> 01:04:24,560
SO, WITH VEGETARIAN POPULATIONS

1543
01:04:24,560 --> 01:04:26,120
MILK IS VERY IMPORTANT IN GIVING

1544
01:04:26,120 --> 01:04:30,400
A LOT OF KEY NUTRIENTS AND IT'S

1545
01:04:30,400 --> 01:04:35,240
VERY COMPLEX BECAUSE WE DON'T

1546
01:04:35,240 --> 01:04:38,520
NEED ALL MILK AS A BREAST MILK

1547
01:04:38,520 --> 01:04:40,080
SUBSTITUTE BUT WE NEED IT IN

1548
01:04:40,080 --> 01:04:43,680
SOME OTHER CASES IN SUB

1549
01:04:43,680 --> 01:04:45,360
POPULATIONS SO MILK IS VERY,

1550
01:04:45,360 --> 01:04:47,480
VERY COMPLEX.

1551
01:04:47,480 --> 01:04:48,760
AND I DON'T WANT TO GET INTO ALL

1552
01:04:48,760 --> 01:04:52,200
THE RELIGIOUS AND DIET ISSUES

1553
01:04:52,200 --> 01:04:57,960
AROUND IT, BUT, IT IS PROBABLY

1554
01:04:57,960 --> 01:04:59,560
YOU SAW THE HUGE INCREASES GOING

1555
01:04:59,560 --> 01:05:01,800
ON IN CHINA, BECAUSE THEY KNOW

1556
01:05:01,800 --> 01:05:03,680
IT HELPS YOUR KIDS GROW TALLER

1557
01:05:03,680 --> 01:05:05,040
AND OTHER THINGS, IT GIVES THEM

1558
01:05:05,040 --> 01:05:08,160
A LOT OF PROTEIN, SO YOU SEE

1559
01:05:08,160 --> 01:05:11,000
THAT REALLY EXPLODING THERE AND

1560
01:05:11,000 --> 01:05:13,760
WE DON'T HAVE MILK CONSUMPTION

1561
01:05:13,760 --> 01:05:15,480
IN OTHER OTHER COUNTRY AND WE

1562
01:05:15,480 --> 01:05:17,400
SEE KIDS GROWING TALLER AND

1563
01:05:17,400 --> 01:05:19,280
BEING HEALTHY FROM OTHER THINGS

1564
01:05:19,280 --> 01:05:23,760
SO I DON'T -- MILK IS VERY, VERY

1565
01:05:23,760 --> 01:05:24,480
PERIOD.

1566
01:05:24,480 --> 01:05:26,520
THE WEST HAS BEEN PUSHING IT AND

1567
01:05:26,520 --> 01:05:33,040
WE'VE BEEN PUSHING TODDLER

1568
01:05:33,040 --> 01:05:35,200
FORMULAS AND FOLLOW-UP FORMULAS

1569
01:05:35,200 --> 01:05:36,720
FULL OF SUGAR AND THINGS WE

1570
01:05:36,720 --> 01:05:38,640
DON'T NEED IN THEM ON LOWER AND

1571
01:05:38,640 --> 01:05:41,080
MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY

1572
01:05:41,080 --> 01:05:42,720
INCREASINGLY IN THE LAST SEVERAL

1573
01:05:42,720 --> 01:05:44,840
DECADES.

1574
01:05:44,840 --> 01:05:46,960
SO, THERE'S PLACES WHERE WE NEED

1575
01:05:46,960 --> 01:05:48,760
MILK AND PLACES WHERE WE DON'T

1576
01:05:48,760 --> 01:05:50,080
NEED IT.

1577
01:05:50,080 --> 01:05:53,880
AND SO IT'S A COMPLEX ANSWER.

1578
01:05:53,880 --> 01:05:55,920
AND A COMPLEX QUESTION.

1579
01:05:55,920 --> 01:05:57,520
>> THANK YOU, THAT WAS
VERY

1580
01:05:57,520 --> 01:05:58,280
INTERESTING.

1581
01:05:58,280 --> 01:06:00,440
SO, THE LAST QUESTION IS ALSO

1582
01:06:00,440 --> 01:06:05,360
KIND OF ABOUT MORE NARROWING US

1583
01:06:05,360 --> 01:06:06,760
DOWN INTO THE COWS AND IT IT

1584
01:06:06,760 --> 01:06:08,760
WILL SET US UP NICELY FOR OUR

1585
01:06:08,760 --> 01:06:09,800
OUTLINE AND FRAMEWORK SO THE

1586
01:06:09,800 --> 01:06:11,240
QUESTION FROM KAREN IS WHETHER

1587
01:06:11,240 --> 01:06:13,760
YOU'VE SEEN DIFFERENCES IN THE

1588
01:06:13,760 --> 01:06:16,640
CONSUMER RESPONSE TO CLIMATE

1589
01:06:16,640 --> 01:06:18,040
CONCERNS IN CHINA VERSUS THE

1590
01:06:18,040 --> 01:06:21,880
U.S. AND WHAT ARE THE SPECIFIC

1591
01:06:21,880 --> 01:06:22,160
DIFFERENCES?

1592
01:06:22,160 --> 01:06:25,160
>> I DON'T SEE MUCH OF A

1593
01:06:25,160 --> 01:06:26,760
REACTION IN EITHER COUNTRY

1594
01:06:26,760 --> 01:06:29,400
RELATIVE TO WHERE WE NEED TO BE.

1595
01:06:29,400 --> 01:06:32,920
CHINA IS NO DIFFERENT THAN THE

1596
01:06:32,920 --> 01:06:33,520
U.S.

1597
01:06:33,520 --> 01:06:36,520
IT'S GOVERNMENT FOCUSES ON

1598
01:06:36,520 --> 01:06:41,000
ECONOMY AND SO IT PUTS COAL AND

1599
01:06:41,000 --> 01:06:42,640
POLLUTION OVER ANYTHING ELSE IF

1600
01:06:42,640 --> 01:06:44,760
IT DOESN'T HAVE OTHER SOURCES.

1601
01:06:44,760 --> 01:06:48,520
IF IF THEY HAD OTHER SOURCES OF

1602
01:06:48,520 --> 01:06:49,920
ENERGY, THAT IS RENEWABLE AND

1603
01:06:49,920 --> 01:06:51,120
THEY'RE TRYING TO PRODUCE IT AND

1604
01:06:51,120 --> 01:06:53,160
GROW IT AND THEY'RE REALLY

1605
01:06:53,160 --> 01:06:57,840
PUSHING IT, WE'LL GET RID OF THE

1606
01:06:57,840 --> 01:06:58,440
COAL.

1607
01:06:58,440 --> 01:07:01,520
BUT WE HAVE THESE KINDS OF

1608
01:07:01,520 --> 01:07:03,440
ISSUES THAT ARE SUPERSEDING

1609
01:07:03,440 --> 01:07:05,560
OTHER THINGS IN MANY, MANY

1610
01:07:05,560 --> 01:07:08,400
COUNTRIES IN THE LOW AND MIDDLE

1611
01:07:08,400 --> 01:07:09,480
INCOME WORLD.

1612
01:07:09,480 --> 01:07:11,760
THE CLIMATE ISSUES AND THE

1613
01:07:11,760 --> 01:07:13,480
CLIMATE CONCERNS ARE RAISED IN

1614
01:07:13,480 --> 01:07:15,400
MANY SUB POPULATIONS IN EVERY

1615
01:07:15,400 --> 01:07:17,200
COUNTRY I WORK IN.

1616
01:07:17,200 --> 01:07:19,680
AND SO, YES, THERE ARE PEOPLE IN

1617
01:07:19,680 --> 01:07:24,560
CHINA, TRULY CONCERNED ABOUT

1618
01:07:24,560 --> 01:07:27,040
CLIMATE ISSUES, BUT THEY HAVE

1619
01:07:27,040 --> 01:07:29,040
THE SAME OTHER COUNTER ACTIVE

1620
01:07:29,040 --> 01:07:32,080
SIDE, THE BEEF SIDE, THE PORK

1621
01:07:32,080 --> 01:07:36,840
SIDE, THE DAIRY SIDE, THE COAL

1622
01:07:36,840 --> 01:07:38,520
GENERATION SIDE, SO WHY THE

1623
01:07:38,520 --> 01:07:39,720
CONCERN IS UP AND THEY'RE TRYING

1624
01:07:39,720 --> 01:07:41,480
TO DO SOME THINGS, THEY'RE

1625
01:07:41,480 --> 01:07:42,920
DEFEATING THEMSELVES ON THE

1626
01:07:42,920 --> 01:07:44,560
OTHER SIDE.

1627
01:07:44,560 --> 01:07:47,520
AND SO, THAT'S JUST LIKE THE

1628
01:07:47,520 --> 01:07:48,240
U.S.

1629
01:07:48,240 --> 01:07:48,600
>> UH-HUH.

1630
01:07:48,600 --> 01:07:50,080
>> AND I'LL LEAVE IT AT
THAT.

1631
01:07:50,080 --> 01:07:53,200
>> I MEAN, I JUST ADDING
ON TO

1632
01:07:53,200 --> 01:07:54,760
THAT FROM OUR WORK TOGETHER IN

1633
01:07:54,760 --> 01:07:59,520
LATIN AMERICA, IT DOES SEEM LIKE

1634
01:07:59,520 --> 01:08:02,000
IN SOME COUNTRIES PARTICULARLY

1635
01:08:02,000 --> 01:08:02,600
IN CHILE THERE'S A LOT MORE

1636
01:08:02,600 --> 01:08:03,720
CONCERN THAN WHAT WE'VE SEEN IN

1637
01:08:03,720 --> 01:08:05,440
OTHER PLACES AND LOOKING AT THE

1638
01:08:05,440 --> 01:08:06,880
RESEARCH COMING OUT OF EUROPE,

1639
01:08:06,880 --> 01:08:08,760
IT SEEMS LIKE THERE ARE REGIONAL

1640
01:08:08,760 --> 01:08:10,600
DIFFERENCES IN TERMS OF HOW MUCH

1641
01:08:10,600 --> 01:08:14,440
CONSUMERS ARE THINKING ABOUT

1642
01:08:14,440 --> 01:08:15,760
THESE ISSUES AND WE'LL GET INTO

1643
01:08:15,760 --> 01:08:17,920
HOW THE INDUSTRY HAS RESPONDED

1644
01:08:17,920 --> 01:08:21,080
TO TRY TO MEET SOME OF THIS

1645
01:08:21,080 --> 01:08:23,400
DEMAND WHETHER THAT IS HEALTH

1646
01:08:23,400 --> 01:08:24,640
BENEFIT OR HEALTH DETRIMENT.

1647
01:08:24,640 --> 01:08:25,280
>> RIGHT.

1648
01:08:25,280 --> 01:08:28,040
BUT WHAT YOU SEE IS IN COUNTRIES

1649
01:08:28,040 --> 01:08:29,920
LIKE MEXICO AND COLOMBIA THAT

1650
01:08:29,920 --> 01:08:35,040
HAVE FACED HUGE DROUGHTS, REAL

1651
01:08:35,040 --> 01:08:36,120
WATER CONCERNS AND THEY'RE

1652
01:08:36,120 --> 01:08:37,280
STARTING TO THINK ABOUT IT IN

1653
01:08:37,280 --> 01:08:39,080
TERMS OF WHAT THEY EAT.

1654
01:08:39,080 --> 01:08:41,600
AND YOU ARE STARTING TO SEE SOME

1655
01:08:41,600 --> 01:08:44,480
REACTIONS TO TRY TO REDUCE THAT

1656
01:08:44,480 --> 01:08:45,440
IN SOME COUNTRIES.

1657
01:08:45,440 --> 01:08:50,280
YOU ARE JUST NOT SEEING IT IN

1658
01:08:50,280 --> 01:08:51,960
ASIAN IN THE SAME WAY AT ALL

1659
01:08:51,960 --> 01:08:52,440
YET.

1660
01:08:52,440 --> 01:08:56,360
YOU ARE SEEING IT IN AFRICA AT

1661
01:08:56,360 --> 01:08:56,840
ALL.

1662
01:08:56,840 --> 01:08:58,000
THEY'RE JUST SELECTED REGIONS

1663
01:08:58,000 --> 01:08:59,800
WHERE WE SEE IT.

1664
01:08:59,800 --> 01:09:00,400
>> RIGHT.

1665
01:09:00,400 --> 01:09:01,640
ALL RIGHT, WELL THANK YOU SO

1666
01:09:01,640 --> 01:09:04,240
MUCH FOR JOINING US AND A REALLY

1667
01:09:04,240 --> 01:09:05,560
INTERESTING TALK AND DISCUSSION.

1668
01:09:05,560 --> 01:09:07,480
WE'RE GOING TO NOW GO TO TURN IT

1669
01:09:07,480 --> 01:09:10,800
BACK OVER TO KAREN, WE'RE GOING

1670
01:09:10,800 --> 01:09:12,800
TO SHIFT TOWARDS WALKING YOU

1671
01:09:12,800 --> 01:09:14,920
THROUGH OUR PROPOSED FRAMEWORK

1672
01:09:14,920 --> 01:09:17,040
FOR THINKING IT THROUGH THIS

1673
01:09:17,040 --> 01:09:19,560
ISSUE AND THEN WE'RE TALK ABOUT

1674
01:09:19,560 --> 01:09:21,000
OUR DRAFT OUTLINE FOR THE

1675
01:09:21,000 --> 01:09:21,600
REPORT.

1676
01:09:21,600 --> 01:09:23,640
SO, KAREN, OVER TO YOU.

1677
01:09:23,640 --> 01:09:27,520
>> THANK YOU, LEND S
LINDSEY.

1678
01:09:27,520 --> 01:09:29,840
THAT WAS A GREAT TALK AND

1679
01:09:29,840 --> 01:09:30,320
OVERVIEW.

1680
01:09:30,320 --> 01:09:35,440
SO NEXT SLIDE.

1681
01:09:35,440 --> 01:09:37,480
SO, AS LINDSEY SAID, WE'RE NOW

1682
01:09:37,480 --> 01:09:39,240
GOING TO GO OVER OUR DRAFT

1683
01:09:39,240 --> 01:09:40,320
FRAMEWORK APPROACH AND OUTLINE.

1684
01:09:40,320 --> 01:09:42,120
I'LL START WITH THE FRAMEWORK

1685
01:09:42,120 --> 01:09:43,680
AND I'LL HAND IT BACK OVER TO

1686
01:09:43,680 --> 01:09:45,480
LINDSEY TO GO OVER THE OUTLINE.

1687
01:09:45,480 --> 01:09:47,120
THIS IS JUST A FRAMEWORK THAT WE

1688
01:09:47,120 --> 01:09:48,760
SAW DURING DAN'S PRESENTATION.

1689
01:09:48,760 --> 01:09:50,520
YOU CAN ACTUALLY SKIP OVER THIS

1690
01:09:50,520 --> 01:09:52,480
JUST IN THE INTEREST OF TIME.

1691
01:09:52,480 --> 01:09:53,920
SO JUST SHOWS HOW WE FIT INTO

1692
01:09:53,920 --> 01:09:56,360
THE OVER ALL ADVANTAGE

1693
01:09:56,360 --> 01:09:56,800
WORKGROUP.

1694
01:09:56,800 --> 01:09:59,080
SO NEXT WE WANTED TO SHOW THIS

1695
01:09:59,080 --> 01:10:00,480
REALLY NICE FRAMEWORK THAT IF

1696
01:10:00,480 --> 01:10:03,280
YOU WERE ON WORKGROUP ONE'S

1697
01:10:03,280 --> 01:10:05,000
WORKSHOP, LAST WEEK, YOU SAW

1698
01:10:05,000 --> 01:10:08,520
THIS PRESENTED AND THIS

1699
01:10:08,520 --> 01:10:09,840
FRAMEWORK SHOWS HOW CLIMATE

1700
01:10:09,840 --> 01:10:11,360
IMPACTS DIETS, NUTRITIONAL

1701
01:10:11,360 --> 01:10:12,840
STATUS AND HEALTH THROUGH

1702
01:10:12,840 --> 01:10:13,600
MULTIPLE PATHWAYS.

1703
01:10:13,600 --> 01:10:15,400
SO IF IT THE FIRST PATHWAY WE

1704
01:10:15,400 --> 01:10:17,040
SEE CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

1705
01:10:17,040 --> 01:10:18,680
IMPACTING FOOD SYSTEMS AND

1706
01:10:18,680 --> 01:10:20,480
RESULTING IN CHANGES TO DIET AND

1707
01:10:20,480 --> 01:10:22,160
NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH

1708
01:10:22,160 --> 01:10:26,800
THEREFORE IMPACT HEALTH.

1709
01:10:26,800 --> 01:10:29,560
AND THEN WORKGROUP ONE KIND OF

1710
01:10:29,560 --> 01:10:32,080
SHOWED THAT THEIR SCOPE IS THIS

1711
01:10:32,080 --> 01:10:33,760
PATHWAY 2 WHICH IS SHOWING HOW

1712
01:10:33,760 --> 01:10:34,960
CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

1713
01:10:34,960 --> 01:10:36,840
HAVE DIRECT IMPACTS ON HUMAN

1714
01:10:36,840 --> 01:10:39,320
HEALTH AND IT MAY BE MODIFIED BY

1715
01:10:39,320 --> 01:10:40,520
AN INDIVIDUAL'S NUTRITIONAL

1716
01:10:40,520 --> 01:10:41,920
STATUS.

1717
01:10:41,920 --> 01:10:42,640
NEXT SLIDE.

1718
01:10:42,640 --> 01:10:46,320
AND SO WE THEN WANTED TO PROPOSE

1719
01:10:46,320 --> 01:10:50,080
THIS THIRD PATHWAY IN WHICH

1720
01:10:50,080 --> 01:10:51,640
CLIMATE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

1721
01:10:51,640 --> 01:10:55,760
IMPACT DIETS AND CONSUMER CHOICE

1722
01:10:55,760 --> 01:10:59,080
AND IT CAN BE MODIFIED BY FOOD

1723
01:10:59,080 --> 01:11:01,120
SECURITY AND FOOD SYSTEMS.

1724
01:11:01,120 --> 01:11:02,440
HOPEFULLY THIS HELPS TO THINK

1725
01:11:02,440 --> 01:11:03,960
ABOUT WHERE OUR WORKGROUP TWO

1726
01:11:03,960 --> 01:11:06,360
FITS INTO THE OVER ALL ADVANTAGE

1727
01:11:06,360 --> 01:11:07,160
PROJECTS AS WELL AS OUR WORK

1728
01:11:07,160 --> 01:11:08,800
BUILDS ON THAT OF WORKGROUP ONE

1729
01:11:08,800 --> 01:11:10,520
AS WELL AS THE OTHER WORKGROUPS

1730
01:11:10,520 --> 01:11:11,800
THAT WILL HAVE WORKSHOPS

1731
01:11:11,800 --> 01:11:17,520
FOLLOWING THIS ONE.

1732
01:11:17,520 --> 01:11:19,880
SO MANY OF YOU HAVE LIKELY SEEN

1733
01:11:19,880 --> 01:11:20,760
THIS BEFORE.

1734
01:11:20,760 --> 01:11:22,520
THIS IS A FRAMEWORK ADOPTED FROM

1735
01:11:22,520 --> 01:11:24,080
THE HIGH LEVEL OF PANEL OF

1736
01:11:24,080 --> 01:11:25,960
EXPERTS IN FOOD SECURITY AND

1737
01:11:25,960 --> 01:11:27,480
NUTRITION SO WE LIKE IT BECAUSE

1738
01:11:27,480 --> 01:11:29,680
IT SHOWS AT THE TOP OF THE

1739
01:11:29,680 --> 01:11:31,320
SLIDE, A WIDE VARIETY OF

1740
01:11:31,320 --> 01:11:31,920
EXTERNAL DRIVERS.

1741
01:11:31,920 --> 01:11:33,200
CLIMATE CHANGE, GLOBALIZATION

1742
01:11:33,200 --> 01:11:35,920
TRADE, INCOME AND GROWTH AND

1743
01:11:35,920 --> 01:11:38,040
DISTRIBUTION AND URBANIZATION,

1744
01:11:38,040 --> 01:11:39,480
POPULATION GROWTH, MIGRATION,

1745
01:11:39,480 --> 01:11:42,360
POLITICS AND LEADERSHIP, AND

1746
01:11:42,360 --> 01:11:43,400
SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXT AND IT

1747
01:11:43,400 --> 01:11:45,000
SHOWS HOW ALL THESE EXTERNAL

1748
01:11:45,000 --> 01:11:48,400
DRIVERS ARE IMPACTING FOOD

1749
01:11:48,400 --> 01:11:50,160
SYSTEMS AND ACROSS THE FOOD

1750
01:11:50,160 --> 01:11:52,520
SYSTEMS SO THROUGH FOOD SUPPLY

1751
01:11:52,520 --> 01:11:54,520
CHAINS, FOOD ENVIRONMENTS,

1752
01:11:54,520 --> 01:11:56,880
INDIVIDUAL FACTORS, CONSUMER

1753
01:11:56,880 --> 01:12:01,120
BEHAVIORS, AND THEN ULTIMATELY

1754
01:12:01,120 --> 01:12:05,400
DIET.

1755
01:12:05,400 --> 01:12:07,080
AND THIS IS JUST A POINT OUT YOU

1756
01:12:07,080 --> 01:12:08,880
KNOW, THE FOCUS OF WORKGROUP TWO

1757
01:12:08,880 --> 01:12:11,120
IS TO REALLY FOCUS ON CLIMATE

1758
01:12:11,120 --> 01:12:12,960
CHANGE, THE EXTERNAL DRIVER, AND

1759
01:12:12,960 --> 01:12:15,680
HOW IT'S IMPACTING CONSUMER

1760
01:12:15,680 --> 01:12:16,040
BEHAVIOR.

1761
01:12:16,040 --> 01:12:20,240
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

1762
01:12:20,240 --> 01:12:23,280
SO, THIS IS ZOOMING IN AND INTO

1763
01:12:23,280 --> 01:12:24,240
CLIMATE CHANGE SPECIFICALLY AND

1764
01:12:24,240 --> 01:12:26,240
IT'S IMPACT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

1765
01:12:26,240 --> 01:12:27,800
AND THIS IS A FRAMEWORK THAT WE

1766
01:12:27,800 --> 01:12:28,400
HAVE DEVELOPED.

1767
01:12:28,400 --> 01:12:29,960
IT'S A DRAFT.

1768
01:12:29,960 --> 01:12:31,840
IT SHOWS HOW CLIMATE CHANGE

1769
01:12:31,840 --> 01:12:33,480
IMPACTS DIETS AND CONSUMER

1770
01:12:33,480 --> 01:12:36,080
BEHAVIOR ACROSS ALL LEVELS OF

1771
01:12:36,080 --> 01:12:38,440
THE SCIO ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK SO

1772
01:12:38,440 --> 01:12:39,640
INDIVIDUAL INTERPERSONAL AND

1773
01:12:39,640 --> 01:12:41,360
COMMUNITY AND THEN SOCIETY ARE

1774
01:12:41,360 --> 01:12:44,160
PUBLIC POLICY.

1775
01:12:44,160 --> 01:12:46,000
AND THEN ALSO THROUGH THESE FOUR

1776
01:12:46,000 --> 01:12:50,160
MAJOR BUCKETS, WHICH YOU SEE AT

1777
01:12:50,160 --> 01:12:51,000
BOTTOM.

1778
01:12:51,000 --> 01:12:53,800
SO THIS SEEMS INTO THE BUCKETS.

1779
01:12:53,800 --> 01:12:56,040
SO WE'VE CONCENTRATED FOR NOW ON

1780
01:12:56,040 --> 01:12:58,720
FOOD PURCHASES AND ACQUISITIONS.

1781
01:12:58,720 --> 01:13:00,480
FOOD PREPARATIONS.

1782
01:13:00,480 --> 01:13:03,160
MEAL PRACTICES AND FOOD INTAKE.

1783
01:13:03,160 --> 01:13:05,400
AND FOOD WASTE AND STORAGE.

1784
01:13:05,400 --> 01:13:09,880
AND WE SEE THIS AS THE MAIN

1785
01:13:09,880 --> 01:13:11,520
FACTORS WITHIN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

1786
01:13:11,520 --> 01:13:13,080
TO FOCUS ON BUT JUST SOMETHING

1787
01:13:13,080 --> 01:13:14,720
TO THINK ABOUT AS WE CONTINUE

1788
01:13:14,720 --> 01:13:16,160
THROUGH THE PRESENTATIONS DURING

1789
01:13:16,160 --> 01:13:18,280
OUR WORKSHOP IS HOW WE MISSED

1790
01:13:18,280 --> 01:13:22,600
ANY KEY BUCKETS.

1791
01:13:22,600 --> 01:13:24,200
I'LL NOW TURN IT OVER TO LINDSEY

1792
01:13:24,200 --> 01:13:25,600
WHO WILL PRESENT THE DRAFT

1793
01:13:25,600 --> 01:13:27,240
OUTLINE FOR OUR REPORT.

1794
01:13:27,240 --> 01:13:29,120
>> IT'S FINE IF YOU WANT
TO KEEP

1795
01:13:29,120 --> 01:13:29,960
CONTROLLING THE SLIDES.

1796
01:13:29,960 --> 01:13:32,000
JUST FOR CONSISTENCY.

1797
01:13:32,000 --> 01:13:33,960
>> SO, WHAT I'M GOING TO
DO IS

1798
01:13:33,960 --> 01:13:35,520
I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU HOW ALL

1799
01:13:35,520 --> 01:13:36,560
WE'VE BEEN THINKING ABOUT IT AND

1800
01:13:36,560 --> 01:13:40,080
I WOULD LOVE PLENTY OF FEEDBACK

1801
01:13:40,080 --> 01:13:41,840
SO FEEL FREE TO DROP IT IN THE

1802
01:13:41,840 --> 01:13:43,120
CHAT AS SOME FOLKS HAVE ALREADY

1803
01:13:43,120 --> 01:13:44,720
BEEN DOING AND THEN AFTER WE GO

1804
01:13:44,720 --> 01:13:46,280
THROUGH THIS OUTLINE, WE'LL OPEN

1805
01:13:46,280 --> 01:13:48,400
IT UP FOR DISCUSSION AND WHEN WE

1806
01:13:48,400 --> 01:13:49,800
GET THROUGH THE DISCUSSION,

1807
01:13:49,800 --> 01:13:51,280
WE'LL MOVE TO HAVING A LITTLE

1808
01:13:51,280 --> 01:13:53,440
BREAK BEFORE WE COME BACK AND

1809
01:13:53,440 --> 01:13:55,000
DELVE MORE INTO SOME OF THESE

1810
01:13:55,000 --> 01:13:57,560
SPECIFIC BUCKETS THAT KAREN WAS

1811
01:13:57,560 --> 01:13:57,920
MENTIONING.

1812
01:13:57,920 --> 01:14:04,880
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

1813
01:14:04,880 --> 01:14:07,200
SO THE HIGH LEVEL DRAFT OUTLINE

1814
01:14:07,200 --> 01:14:08,640
OBVIOUSLY WE HAVE AN

1815
01:14:08,640 --> 01:14:09,680
INTRODUCTION THAT WE'RE GOING TO

1816
01:14:09,680 --> 01:14:12,360
TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT SOME OF

1817
01:14:12,360 --> 01:14:13,880
WHAT BARRIE PRESENTED WHICH IS

1818
01:14:13,880 --> 01:14:15,680
REALLY WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT

1819
01:14:15,680 --> 01:14:17,320
CHANGES IN FOOD CONSUMPTION

1820
01:14:17,320 --> 01:14:18,920
PATTERNS AND DIETS IN THE

1821
01:14:18,920 --> 01:14:20,600
CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

1822
01:14:20,600 --> 01:14:22,000
WE ARE GOING TO DRILL DOWN A

1823
01:14:22,000 --> 01:14:24,280
LITTLE BIT MORE INTO THIS

1824
01:14:24,280 --> 01:14:25,920
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF HOW AND WHY

1825
01:14:25,920 --> 01:14:27,480
CONSUMERS MAKE CHOICES.

1826
01:14:27,480 --> 01:14:30,640
AS WELL AS THINKING ABOUT

1827
01:14:30,640 --> 01:14:32,200
CONSUMER -- I FORGOT TO TURN MY

1828
01:14:32,200 --> 01:14:33,920
VIDEO ON.

1829
01:14:33,920 --> 01:14:35,320
CONSUMER ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE

1830
01:14:35,320 --> 01:14:39,240
AND PR PREFERENCES AND WE'LL TAK

1831
01:14:39,240 --> 01:14:40,800
ABOUT DRIVERS OF CHANGE AND

1832
01:14:40,800 --> 01:14:43,040
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS SO NEXT

1833
01:14:43,040 --> 01:14:43,680
SLIDE, PLEASE.

1834
01:14:43,680 --> 01:14:45,760
SO DIGGING IN A LITTLE BIT MORE

1835
01:14:45,760 --> 01:14:48,320
TO THIS, I THINK THAT OBVIOUSLY

1836
01:14:48,320 --> 01:14:49,440
THE HIGH LEVEL REASON WHY WE'RE

1837
01:14:49,440 --> 01:14:51,720
DOING THIS IS WE WANT TO

1838
01:14:51,720 --> 01:14:53,120
UNDERSTAND DIETARY PATTERNS IN

1839
01:14:53,120 --> 01:14:54,760
THE CONTEXT OF GUIDANCE

1840
01:14:54,760 --> 01:14:55,680
DEVELOPMENT.

1841
01:14:55,680 --> 01:14:57,560
SO, WHAT ARE WE EATING COMPARED

1842
01:14:57,560 --> 01:15:00,080
TO WHAT POTENTIALLY WE SHOULD BE

1843
01:15:00,080 --> 01:15:02,200
EATING AND HOW HAS THAT CHANGED

1844
01:15:02,200 --> 01:15:03,240
OVER TIME?

1845
01:15:03,240 --> 01:15:05,400
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE HAVE

1846
01:15:05,400 --> 01:15:06,600
TO DEFINITELY BEEN GRAPPLING

1847
01:15:06,600 --> 01:15:09,000
WITH AS A WORKGROUP IS HOW TO

1848
01:15:09,000 --> 01:15:10,440
THINK ABOUT THIS BIDIRECTIONAL

1849
01:15:10,440 --> 01:15:12,480
TEE BECAUSE WE'RE NOT REALLY

1850
01:15:12,480 --> 01:15:14,040
THINKING ABOUT THE IMPACT OF

1851
01:15:14,040 --> 01:15:17,040
DIETS ON CLIMATE AND EVEN THE

1852
01:15:17,040 --> 01:15:19,440
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE ON DIETS, SO

1853
01:15:19,440 --> 01:15:24,320
TO SPEAK BUT HOW THESE ASPECTS

1854
01:15:24,320 --> 01:15:25,400
INFLUENCE CONSUMER CHOICES.

1855
01:15:25,400 --> 01:15:27,160
SO IT'S REALLY BIDIRECTIONAL

1856
01:15:27,160 --> 01:15:29,800
WHICH ADDS, I THINK, A LOT OF

1857
01:15:29,800 --> 01:15:31,120
COMPLEXITY BUT ALSO REALITY

1858
01:15:31,120 --> 01:15:32,760
BECAUSE THAT IS HOW PEOPLE ARE

1859
01:15:32,760 --> 01:15:33,960
MAKING CHOICES.

1860
01:15:33,960 --> 01:15:35,600
SO THE FIRST ASPECT OF THAT IS

1861
01:15:35,600 --> 01:15:37,760
JUST LOOKING AT THE EXISTING

1862
01:15:37,760 --> 01:15:39,600
DATA ACROSS THE GLOBE AND IN

1863
01:15:39,600 --> 01:15:40,880
TERMS OF WHAT PEOPLE ARE EATING

1864
01:15:40,880 --> 01:15:43,160
IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

1865
01:15:43,160 --> 01:15:45,160
OVER TIME SO WE THINK THAT OF

1866
01:15:45,160 --> 01:15:46,760
COURSE, I THINK OF MANY OF US

1867
01:15:46,760 --> 01:15:49,240
ARE FOCUSED ON THE HUMAN

1868
01:15:49,240 --> 01:15:49,880
NUTRITION SIDE.

1869
01:15:49,880 --> 01:15:51,280
WE'RE USED TO THINK, AT LEAST

1870
01:15:51,280 --> 01:15:53,760
FOR ME, ABOUT DIETARY INTAKE BUT

1871
01:15:53,760 --> 01:15:55,520
WE'RE ALSO, HE WANT TO THANK

1872
01:15:55,520 --> 01:15:58,520
ABOUT ALL OF THESE ASPECTS OF

1873
01:15:58,520 --> 01:15:59,800
DIETARY BEHAVIOR SO THAT

1874
01:15:59,800 --> 01:16:02,440
INCLUDES DIETARY PATTERNS BUT

1875
01:16:02,440 --> 01:16:03,360
FOOD WASTE AS WELL.

1876
01:16:03,360 --> 01:16:07,640
WE WAN WANT TO UNDERSTAND HOW TE

1877
01:16:07,640 --> 01:16:09,080
DIFFER BY CHARACTERISTICS SO IN

1878
01:16:09,080 --> 01:16:11,000
THE U.S., THINKING ABOUT

1879
01:16:11,000 --> 01:16:13,800
IMPORTANT DEMOGRAPHIC

1880
01:16:13,800 --> 01:16:14,880
CHARACTERISTICS, AS WELL AS WHAT

1881
01:16:14,880 --> 01:16:17,440
VARIABILITY WE MIGHT SEE FORAY

1882
01:16:17,440 --> 01:16:19,280
CROSS THE GLOBE AND CLEARLY WHEN

1883
01:16:19,280 --> 01:16:21,000
WE THINK ABOUT Dr. POPKINS

1884
01:16:21,000 --> 01:16:23,200
PRESENTATION ON THE NUTRITION

1885
01:16:23,200 --> 01:16:24,200
TRAPS I GUESS WE KNOW THAT

1886
01:16:24,200 --> 01:16:25,640
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES ARE IN

1887
01:16:25,640 --> 01:16:26,680
DIFFERENT STAGES OF THIS

1888
01:16:26,680 --> 01:16:27,720
TRANSITION ALTHOUGH THINGS ARE

1889
01:16:27,720 --> 01:16:28,920
MOVING QUICKLY.

1890
01:16:28,920 --> 01:16:30,920
AND SO WHEN WE ADD THAT CLIMATE

1891
01:16:30,920 --> 01:16:34,240
LENS, TO IT, WHAT ARE WE

1892
01:16:34,240 --> 01:16:35,960
UNDERSTANDING ABOUT WHERE THINGS

1893
01:16:35,960 --> 01:16:36,680
ARE TODAY.

1894
01:16:36,680 --> 01:16:41,800
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

1895
01:16:41,800 --> 01:16:43,240
SO, THE NEXT PIECE THAT WE'RE

1896
01:16:43,240 --> 01:16:44,840
GOING TO TALK ABOUT, WHICH IS

1897
01:16:44,840 --> 01:16:46,400
WHAT WE'RE GOING TO FOCUS ON IN

1898
01:16:46,400 --> 01:16:47,800
THE SECOND HALF OF THIS SECTION,

1899
01:16:47,800 --> 01:16:49,920
IS REALLY ABOUT HOW CONSUMERS

1900
01:16:49,920 --> 01:16:54,440
MAKE CHOICES AND HOW CLIMATE AND

1901
01:16:54,440 --> 01:16:55,280
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES ARE

1902
01:16:55,280 --> 01:16:56,560
EFFECTS THIS AND WE WOULD LOVE

1903
01:16:56,560 --> 01:16:57,600
TO BE BACK ON THIS SECTION AS

1904
01:16:57,600 --> 01:16:59,920
WELL AS THE NEXT SECTION IN

1905
01:16:59,920 --> 01:17:00,720
PARTICULAR BECAUSE WE'VE HAD A

1906
01:17:00,720 --> 01:17:02,400
LITTLE BIT OF CHALLENGE FIGURING

1907
01:17:02,400 --> 01:17:03,520
OUT HOW TO ORGANIZE THIS BECAUSE

1908
01:17:03,520 --> 01:17:06,080
IT'S SO COMPLICATED AND EACH ONE

1909
01:17:06,080 --> 01:17:07,840
OF THESE BULLETS COULD BE ITS

1910
01:17:07,840 --> 01:17:10,320
OWN REPORT OR REVIEW PAPER.

1911
01:17:10,320 --> 01:17:12,400
BUT BASICALLY WE'RE THINKING

1912
01:17:12,400 --> 01:17:15,360
ABOUT ALL OF THESE DIFFERENT

1913
01:17:15,360 --> 01:17:16,880
INDIVIDUALS INTERPERSONAL OR

1914
01:17:16,880 --> 01:17:18,920
EVEN KIND OF HIGHER LEVEL

1915
01:17:18,920 --> 01:17:21,120
FACTORS THAT COULD INFLUENCE

1916
01:17:21,120 --> 01:17:22,560
PEOPLE'S TASTE PREFERENCES AND

1917
01:17:22,560 --> 01:17:24,440
THEIR ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS,

1918
01:17:24,440 --> 01:17:25,440
THEIR KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT,

1919
01:17:25,440 --> 01:17:27,480
WHICH OF COURSE, REALLY HAS A

1920
01:17:27,480 --> 01:17:30,320
BIG ROLE OF SCHOOLS, THE ROLE OF

1921
01:17:30,320 --> 01:17:31,880
FAMILY AND CULTURAL FACTORS AND

1922
01:17:31,880 --> 01:17:33,200
THEN ALSO THINKING ABOUT SOME OF

1923
01:17:33,200 --> 01:17:35,120
THESE HIGHER-LEVEL FACTORS TOO.

1924
01:17:35,120 --> 01:17:37,840
THINGS LIKE COST AND PRICE,

1925
01:17:37,840 --> 01:17:39,440
MEDIA MARKETING AND ADVERTISING

1926
01:17:39,440 --> 01:17:41,760
AND WE KIND OF VIEWSES THESE AS

1927
01:17:41,760 --> 01:17:43,520
ALL BEING POTENTIALLY

1928
01:17:43,520 --> 01:17:46,560
CROSS-CUTTING FOR EACH OF OUR

1929
01:17:46,560 --> 01:17:48,400
FOUR STAGES OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

1930
01:17:48,400 --> 01:17:49,520
THAT WE WANT TO MEASURE.

1931
01:17:49,520 --> 01:17:51,320
SO WE'VE BEEN REFERRING TO THESE

1932
01:17:51,320 --> 01:17:52,600
AS THE FOUR BUCKETS AND THESE

1933
01:17:52,600 --> 01:17:54,120
ARE THE AREAS WE'LL TALK ABOUT

1934
01:17:54,120 --> 01:18:04,440
IN FURTHER DETAIL.

1935
01:18:08,120 --> 01:18:09,600
SO YOU CAN ALREADY SEE JUST

1936
01:18:09,600 --> 01:18:11,880
LOOKING AT THESE FACTORS WE'VE

1937
01:18:11,880 --> 01:18:13,960
IDENTIFIED HOW THOSE MIGHT BE

1938
01:18:13,960 --> 01:18:16,400
VERY SIMILAR ACROSS SOME OF

1939
01:18:16,400 --> 01:18:17,160
THESE BUCKETS.

1940
01:18:17,160 --> 01:18:18,960
SO SOME OF THE TASTE PREFERENCES

1941
01:18:18,960 --> 01:18:22,040
OR ATTITUDES IN KNOWLEDGE MIGHT

1942
01:18:22,040 --> 01:18:23,000
AFFECT FOOD PURCHASES IN THIS

1943
01:18:23,000 --> 01:18:25,720
SAME WAY THEY'RE EFFECTING FOOD

1944
01:18:25,720 --> 01:18:26,280
INTAKE FOR EXAMPLE.

1945
01:18:26,280 --> 01:18:28,080
SO FIGURING OUT HOW TO ORGANIZE

1946
01:18:28,080 --> 01:18:30,440
THIS IS SOMETHING WE WOULD LOVE

1947
01:18:30,440 --> 01:18:31,200
FEEDBACK ON.

1948
01:18:31,200 --> 01:18:32,920
OF COURSE, AS WE'RE THINKING

1949
01:18:32,920 --> 01:18:35,040
ABOUT TRENDS AND HOW THINGS ARE

1950
01:18:35,040 --> 01:18:37,040
CHANGING, WE'RE INTERESTED IN

1951
01:18:37,040 --> 01:18:38,000
UNDERSTANDING WHAT ARE THE

1952
01:18:38,000 --> 01:18:39,680
DRIVERS OF THESE CHANGES.

1953
01:18:39,680 --> 01:18:41,840
SO AGAIN, PRICE PLAYS AN

1954
01:18:41,840 --> 01:18:43,440
IMPORTANT ROLE AND Dr. POPKINS

1955
01:18:43,440 --> 01:18:45,120
TALKED ABOUT IS OF THE PRICE

1956
01:18:45,120 --> 01:18:46,480
VOLATILITY THAT IS HAPPENING

1957
01:18:46,480 --> 01:18:49,760
BECAUSE OF CLIMATE DISRUPTION AS

1958
01:18:49,760 --> 01:18:51,920
WELL AS MEDIA NARRATIVES AND

1959
01:18:51,920 --> 01:18:53,200
PUBLIC DISCOURSE, PRODUCT

1960
01:18:53,200 --> 01:18:55,080
MARKETING AND LABELING, AND

1961
01:18:55,080 --> 01:18:57,160
OTHER FACTORS THAT ARE GOING ON

1962
01:18:57,160 --> 01:18:58,960
THAT AFFECT CHANGES IN CONSUMER

1963
01:18:58,960 --> 01:19:00,960
ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ABOUT

1964
01:19:00,960 --> 01:19:01,440
DIETS.

1965
01:19:01,440 --> 01:19:04,400
BOTH GENERALLY SPEAKING, BUT

1966
01:19:04,400 --> 01:19:07,480
ALSO YOU KNOW, IN THE CONTEXT OF

1967
01:19:07,480 --> 01:19:08,760
CLIMATE CHANGE, IN MY SECTION

1968
01:19:08,760 --> 01:19:12,240
I'LL TALK ABOUT THE ROLE OF

1969
01:19:12,240 --> 01:19:13,880
HEALTH AND CLIMATE AND HOW

1970
01:19:13,880 --> 01:19:15,200
PEOPLE MIGHT OR MIGHT NOT THINK

1971
01:19:15,200 --> 01:19:16,320
ABOUT THOSE TWO THINGS TOGETHER

1972
01:19:16,320 --> 01:19:17,840
AND WHETHER ONE OF THOSE FACTORS

1973
01:19:17,840 --> 01:19:19,520
MIGHT BE MORE IMPORTANT FOR SOME

1974
01:19:19,520 --> 01:19:21,640
FOLKS VERSUS OTHERS.

1975
01:19:21,640 --> 01:19:23,800
AS WELL AS THE COMMERCIALIZATION

1976
01:19:23,800 --> 01:19:25,800
AND CREATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES

1977
01:19:25,800 --> 01:19:28,200
AND ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES.

1978
01:19:28,200 --> 01:19:29,680
SO IT'S NOT JUST CONSUMERS THAT

1979
01:19:29,680 --> 01:19:30,920
ARE CHANGING BUT THE MARKETS

1980
01:19:30,920 --> 01:19:32,280
THAT ARE CHANGING AS WELL AND

1981
01:19:32,280 --> 01:19:34,280
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THESE NEW

1982
01:19:34,280 --> 01:19:35,840
EMERGING MARKETS AND THEIR

1983
01:19:35,840 --> 01:19:37,520
INFLUENCE ON WHAT PEOPLE ARE

1984
01:19:37,520 --> 01:19:39,560
BUYING AND EATING.

1985
01:19:39,560 --> 01:19:43,040
AND SO THEN OBVIOUSLY A KEY PART

1986
01:19:43,040 --> 01:19:45,480
OF THIS IS GOING TO BE COMING UP

1987
01:19:45,480 --> 01:19:47,360
WITH -- YOU KNOW, WHAT ARE THE

1988
01:19:47,360 --> 01:19:48,920
RESEARCH GAPS AND OBVIOUSLY

1989
01:19:48,920 --> 01:19:51,120
THERE ARE MANY SO HOW DO WE

1990
01:19:51,120 --> 01:19:52,320
PRIORITIZE THEM, PARTICULARLY

1991
01:19:52,320 --> 01:19:54,120
WITH REGARDS TO WANTING TO

1992
01:19:54,120 --> 01:19:56,120
UNDERSTAND THE ULTIMATE IMPACT

1993
01:19:56,120 --> 01:19:56,720
ON HEALTH.

1994
01:19:56,720 --> 01:19:59,160
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

1995
01:19:59,160 --> 01:20:02,160
SO, THAT IS WHAT WE HAVE ON OUR

1996
01:20:02,160 --> 01:20:02,640
OUTLINE.

1997
01:20:02,640 --> 01:20:04,880
SO WHAT I'LL DO IS OPEN IT UP

1998
01:20:04,880 --> 01:20:09,240
FOR ANY OF QUESTIONS, COMMENTS,

1999
01:20:09,240 --> 01:20:09,600
FEEDBACK.

2000
01:20:09,600 --> 01:20:10,920
WHAT DID YOU SEE IN THIS OUTLINE

2001
01:20:10,920 --> 01:20:15,160
IN TERMS OF WHAT WE MIGHT BE

2002
01:20:15,160 --> 01:20:16,720
MISSING OR POTENTIALLY HOW TO

2003
01:20:16,720 --> 01:20:17,680
ORGANIZE IT DIFFERENTLY.

2004
01:20:17,680 --> 01:20:19,240
AND I WOULD LOVE TO HEAR ALSO

2005
01:20:19,240 --> 01:20:22,440
FROM KAREN AND OUR OTHER

2006
01:20:22,440 --> 01:20:26,560
WORKGROUP MEMBERS TOO AS WELL AS

2007
01:20:26,560 --> 01:20:31,240
EVERYBODY ELSE.

2008
01:20:31,240 --> 01:20:33,280
>> YES, DAN.

2009
01:20:33,280 --> 01:20:37,760
>> SO, THAT WAS TERRIFIC.

2010
01:20:37,760 --> 01:20:41,040
IT SOUNDS LIKE A HAUNTING TASK

2011
01:20:41,040 --> 01:20:44,920
AND YOU WILL GET THERE AND I

2012
01:20:44,920 --> 01:20:54,200
THINK YOU ARE IT'S TO MAKE THE

2013
01:20:54,200 --> 01:20:55,720
CASES FOR THE WORKING GROUPS AND

2014
01:20:55,720 --> 01:20:58,560
WHY WE NEED TO INCLUDE THE

2015
01:20:58,560 --> 01:21:00,240
INTERSECTION WITH CLIMATE INTO

2016
01:21:00,240 --> 01:21:01,680
THE DISCUSSION OF DIETARY

2017
01:21:01,680 --> 01:21:02,280
PATTERNS.

2018
01:21:02,280 --> 01:21:07,080
IF YOU DON'T INCLUDE THIS

2019
01:21:07,080 --> 01:21:07,760
INTERSECTION, THEN YOU ARE GOING

2020
01:21:07,760 --> 01:21:10,280
TO BE ATTRIBUTING THINGS TO A

2021
01:21:10,280 --> 01:21:11,600
WHOLE RANGE OF THINGS AND

2022
01:21:11,600 --> 01:21:13,600
MISSING OF MAJOR SOURCE OF

2023
01:21:13,600 --> 01:21:16,560
VARIABILITY SO THAT'S A REAL WE

2024
01:21:16,560 --> 01:21:18,640
NEED TO FOCUS ON AND SUPPORTING

2025
01:21:18,640 --> 01:21:20,640
THE EFFORTS OF WHETHER IT'S A

2026
01:21:20,640 --> 01:21:22,400
DIETARY GUIDELINES OR PROCESS OR

2027
01:21:22,400 --> 01:21:26,560
PEOPLE THAT ARE TURNING

2028
01:21:26,560 --> 01:21:36,880
INTERVENTIONS AND.

2029
01:21:59,680 --> 01:22:02,040
>> WE'VE BEEN GOING AROUND
IN

2030
01:22:02,040 --> 01:22:03,200
CIRCLES TRYING TO FIGURE OUT THE

2031
01:22:03,200 --> 01:22:04,880
TOPIC AND THE FOCUS AND NARROW

2032
01:22:04,880 --> 01:22:07,520
IT DOWN TO SOMETHING THAT FEELS

2033
01:22:07,520 --> 01:22:11,120
FEASIBLE.

2034
01:22:11,120 --> 01:22:12,880
DAN, ON THAT QUESTION, WHY DO WE

2035
01:22:12,880 --> 01:22:14,640
NEED TO INCLUDE CONSIDERATION OF

2036
01:22:14,640 --> 01:22:16,080
DIETARY PATTERNS AND WE'RE NOT

2037
01:22:16,080 --> 01:22:18,040
MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS BUT WE'RE

2038
01:22:18,040 --> 01:22:21,920
TALKING ABOUT POLICY AND

2039
01:22:21,920 --> 01:22:23,600
FUNDING, THE WAY THAT WE HAD SET

2040
01:22:23,600 --> 01:22:25,640
UP THE FRAMEWORK TO BE

2041
01:22:25,640 --> 01:22:28,600
SUFFICIENTLY NARROW WAS RIGHT,

2042
01:22:28,600 --> 01:22:36,280
THE ONE DIRECTION OF HOW CLIMATE

2043
01:22:36,280 --> 01:22:37,600
CHOSES OR DON'T CHOSE IN THE

2044
01:22:37,600 --> 01:22:41,840
CONTEXT IN A CONTEXT OF CONSUMER

2045
01:22:41,840 --> 01:22:42,920
BEHAVIOR.

2046
01:22:42,920 --> 01:22:45,040
IF THE QUESTION IS WHY DO HE WE

2047
01:22:45,040 --> 01:22:47,320
NEED TO INCLUDE DIETARY PATTERNS

2048
01:22:47,320 --> 01:22:49,320
THE OTHER DIRECTION IS REALLY

2049
01:22:49,320 --> 01:22:51,320
IMPORTANT AND HOW DIET

2050
01:22:51,320 --> 01:22:55,440
INFLUENCES CLIMATE AND I DON'T

2051
01:22:55,440 --> 01:22:56,520
KNOW WHETHER THAT AND YOU KNOW

2052
01:22:56,520 --> 01:22:59,120
AS KAREN SAID, WE'RE MOST OF THE

2053
01:22:59,120 --> 01:23:00,840
RESEARCH IN THIS SPACE HAS BEEN

2054
01:23:00,840 --> 01:23:02,600
DONE TO DATE BUT IT'S NOT WHERE

2055
01:23:02,600 --> 01:23:05,480
A LOT OF THE FUNDING HAS GONE AT

2056
01:23:05,480 --> 01:23:07,040
LEAST IN THE UNITED STATES IN

2057
01:23:07,040 --> 01:23:09,360
TERMS OF FUNDING PRIORITIES

2058
01:23:09,360 --> 01:23:11,160
WHERE AS THE E.U. AND THE U.K.

2059
01:23:11,160 --> 01:23:16,040
ARE IN A DIFFERENT SPACE THAN WE

2060
01:23:16,040 --> 01:23:16,400
ARE.

2061
01:23:16,400 --> 01:23:18,080
SO I WANTED TO JUST BRING THAT

2062
01:23:18,080 --> 01:23:21,720
TO THE TABLE AGAIN AS I FEEL

2063
01:23:21,720 --> 01:23:22,880
LIKE THERE'S A DISCONNECT

2064
01:23:22,880 --> 01:23:26,520
BETWEEN HOW WE MIGHT BE TALKING

2065
01:23:26,520 --> 01:23:26,960
ABOUT THESE ISSUES.

2066
01:23:26,960 --> 01:23:28,720
>> I MEAN, I THINK IT'S A
GREAT

2067
01:23:28,720 --> 01:23:30,040
POINT, NICOLE AND I THINK IT

2068
01:23:30,040 --> 01:23:33,200
WILL COME OUT IN THE SPECIFIC

2069
01:23:33,200 --> 01:23:34,840
WORKING GROUP WHEN WE GET INTO

2070
01:23:34,840 --> 01:23:35,880
THE BUCKETS.

2071
01:23:35,880 --> 01:23:36,160
>> OKAY.

2072
01:23:36,160 --> 01:23:38,440
>> BECAUSE I THINK, LIKE
FOR

2073
01:23:38,440 --> 01:23:40,080
EXAMPLE I DO A TON OF WORK IN

2074
01:23:40,080 --> 01:23:41,480
FOOD PURCHASING AND ACQUISITION

2075
01:23:41,480 --> 01:23:43,040
WHICH IS WHAT I'M GOING TO TALK

2076
01:23:43,040 --> 01:23:43,400
ABOUT.

2077
01:23:43,400 --> 01:23:44,840
ONE OF THE THINGS WE'VE BEEN

2078
01:23:44,840 --> 01:23:46,440
LOOKING AT THE EXTENT TO WHICH

2079
01:23:46,440 --> 01:23:47,720
PEOPLE MAKE CHOICES BASED ON THE

2080
01:23:47,720 --> 01:23:51,240
CLIMATE IMPACTINGS OF THEIR

2081
01:23:51,240 --> 01:23:51,960
FOODS.

2082
01:23:51,960 --> 01:23:53,560
SO, WHO CARES ABOUT THAT?

2083
01:23:53,560 --> 01:23:55,840
WHO DOESN'T CARE ABOUT THAT?

2084
01:23:55,840 --> 01:24:00,440
HOW DO YOU CREATE MESSAGES THAT

2085
01:24:00,440 --> 01:24:01,800
MIGHT MAKE PEOPLE MORE

2086
01:24:01,800 --> 01:24:03,560
INTERESTED IN THAT OR EVEN JUST

2087
01:24:03,560 --> 01:24:05,120
TO MAKE SOME OF THE INFORMATION

2088
01:24:05,120 --> 01:24:06,440
ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

2089
01:24:06,440 --> 01:24:08,480
MORE VISIBLE AND UNDERSTANDABLE

2090
01:24:08,480 --> 01:24:10,120
TO PEOPLE BECAUSE CLEARLY THAT

2091
01:24:10,120 --> 01:24:11,800
IS SNAG IS A HUGE STRUGGLE AND

2092
01:24:11,800 --> 01:24:13,240
WE'VE KNOWN ABOUT THAT FOR A

2093
01:24:13,240 --> 01:24:15,000
LONG TIME WITH NUTRITION AND

2094
01:24:15,000 --> 01:24:17,520
PEOPLE ARE REALLY HARD TIME

2095
01:24:17,520 --> 01:24:19,320
UNDERSTANDING, FOR EXAMPLE,

2096
01:24:19,320 --> 01:24:20,640
NUTRITION LABELS AND ALL THE

2097
01:24:20,640 --> 01:24:22,040
COMPLEX INFORMATION THAT IS

2098
01:24:22,040 --> 01:24:23,480
PRESENTED, SO WHEN WE MOVE TO

2099
01:24:23,480 --> 01:24:25,360
THINKING ABOUT CLIMATE, THERE

2100
01:24:25,360 --> 01:24:27,480
ARE PEOPLE THAT WOULD MAKE

2101
01:24:27,480 --> 01:24:28,560
POTENTIALLY DIFFERENT CHOICES IF

2102
01:24:28,560 --> 01:24:30,560
THEY KNEW WHAT THE CLIMATE

2103
01:24:30,560 --> 01:24:32,400
IMPACTS WERE BUT CURRENTLY,

2104
01:24:32,400 --> 01:24:34,920
THERE'S A HUGE GAP IN HOW WE'RE

2105
01:24:34,920 --> 01:24:36,440
COMMUNICATING ABOUT THAT.

2106
01:24:36,440 --> 01:24:39,680
SO, I DEFINITELY THINK IT IS

2107
01:24:39,680 --> 01:24:40,720
BIDIRECTIONAL AND WE'LL

2108
01:24:40,720 --> 01:24:42,280
HOPEFULLY TALK MORE AS WE GET

2109
01:24:42,280 --> 01:24:45,520
MORE IN SIGHT EACH OF THESE

2110
01:24:45,520 --> 01:24:45,800
BUCKETS.

2111
01:24:45,800 --> 01:24:47,680
>> I THINK THAT YOU WERE
ASKING

2112
01:24:47,680 --> 01:24:49,760
ME A QUESTION.

2113
01:24:49,760 --> 01:24:51,320
SO LET ME RESPOND.

2114
01:24:51,320 --> 01:24:54,480
WITH REGARD TO FUNDING, WE'RE

2115
01:24:54,480 --> 01:24:56,400
NOT GOING TO MAKE PROMISES ABOUT

2116
01:24:56,400 --> 01:25:01,800
WHAT I WILL SAY IS THAT THE

2117
01:25:01,800 --> 01:25:03,920
AUDIENCE FOR THIS IS NOT JUST

2118
01:25:03,920 --> 01:25:05,560
PEOPLE MAKING POLICY BUT THE

2119
01:25:05,560 --> 01:25:07,320
AUDIENCE IS THE EXTRAMURAL

2120
01:25:07,320 --> 01:25:08,080
RESEARCH COMMUNITY INCLUDING

2121
01:25:08,080 --> 01:25:10,080
THOSE THAT ARE MAKING FUNDING

2122
01:25:10,080 --> 01:25:10,920
DECISIONS.

2123
01:25:10,920 --> 01:25:12,240
SO, YOU KNOW, WHEN YOU GO

2124
01:25:12,240 --> 01:25:14,040
THROUGH YOUR PROCESS, AND GO

2125
01:25:14,040 --> 01:25:15,960
THROUGH EACH OF THESE BUCKETS,

2126
01:25:15,960 --> 01:25:17,120
THEY'RE ALL GOING TO HAVE A

2127
01:25:17,120 --> 01:25:19,240
RESEARCH AGENDA ASSOCIATED WITH

2128
01:25:19,240 --> 01:25:20,680
IT SO HIGHLIGHT THE RESEARCH

2129
01:25:20,680 --> 01:25:21,680
PRIORITIES AND THAT'S OUR JOB

2130
01:25:21,680 --> 01:25:23,120
HERE IS REALLY TO HIGHLIGHT

2131
01:25:23,120 --> 01:25:24,440
WHERE THE NEEDS ARE AND MAKE THE

2132
01:25:24,440 --> 01:25:25,760
CASE FOR WHY WE NEED TO MOVE

2133
01:25:25,760 --> 01:25:28,120
THIS AGENDA FORWARD.

2134
01:25:28,120 --> 01:25:30,000
AND IT'S ABSOLUTELY

2135
01:25:30,000 --> 01:25:31,800
BIDIRECTIONAL AND I TRIED TO

2136
01:25:31,800 --> 01:25:33,240
EMPHASIZE THAT BY OPENING

2137
01:25:33,240 --> 01:25:35,160
COMMENTS AND I THINK IT'S BEING

2138
01:25:35,160 --> 01:25:37,280
EMPHASIZED, IT WAS EMPHASIZED

2139
01:25:37,280 --> 01:25:38,400
CERTAINLY IN THE WORKING GROUP

2140
01:25:38,400 --> 01:25:39,840
ONE AND I KNOW IT'S GOING TO BE

2141
01:25:39,840 --> 01:25:42,120
A HIGHLIGHTED BY WORKING GROUP

2142
01:25:42,120 --> 01:25:43,440
THREE.

2143
01:25:43,440 --> 01:25:44,480
SO, AND THAT INTERSECTION WITH

2144
01:25:44,480 --> 01:25:45,960
FOOD SYSTEMS IS GOING TO COVER A

2145
01:25:45,960 --> 01:25:47,360
LOT OF WHAT YOU GUYS ARE GOING

2146
01:25:47,360 --> 01:25:48,680
TO COVER IN TERMS OF CHOICES

2147
01:25:48,680 --> 01:25:50,800
BECAUSE WE'RE ALSO TALKING ABOUT

2148
01:25:50,800 --> 01:25:52,480
CHOICES THAT PRODUCERS MAKE

2149
01:25:52,480 --> 01:25:53,880
WHICH MAY OR MAY NOT, THE

2150
01:25:53,880 --> 01:25:55,640
PROCESS FOR MAKING THOSE CHOICES

2151
01:25:55,640 --> 01:25:57,720
MAY BE SIMILAR IN SOME WAYS AND

2152
01:25:57,720 --> 01:25:59,080
THEY OBVIOUSLY DIFFER IN SOME

2153
01:25:59,080 --> 01:26:00,920
WAYS BUT THERE ARE SOME

2154
01:26:00,920 --> 01:26:01,560
COMMONALITIES THERE.

2155
01:26:01,560 --> 01:26:03,360
SO WHEN WE PUT THIS ALL

2156
01:26:03,360 --> 01:26:05,040
TOGETHER, IT WILL HOPEFULLY IT

2157
01:26:05,040 --> 01:26:08,520
WILL FLOW IN A LOGICAL WAY TO

2158
01:26:08,520 --> 01:26:12,600
MAKE SENSE OUT OF ALL THESE

2159
01:26:12,600 --> 01:26:15,640
INTERACTIONS.

2160
01:26:15,640 --> 01:26:16,840
>> THANK YOU.

2161
01:26:16,840 --> 01:26:24,960
>> THANK YOU.

2162
01:26:24,960 --> 01:26:28,240
>> SO, I HEAR A LOT AND
YOU

2163
01:26:28,240 --> 01:26:30,400
GUYS' DISCUSSION ABOUT THIS

2164
01:26:30,400 --> 01:26:31,320
CHALLENGING COMMUNICATION AROUND

2165
01:26:31,320 --> 01:26:35,360
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOOD

2166
01:26:35,360 --> 01:26:36,760
SYSTEMS AND THIS IS A PLACE

2167
01:26:36,760 --> 01:26:38,400
WHERE I THINK OUR TWO WORKING

2168
01:26:38,400 --> 01:26:40,520
GROUPS HAVE A CONTINUUM.

2169
01:26:40,520 --> 01:26:42,640
BECAUSE EVEN THINGS LIKE THE

2170
01:26:42,640 --> 01:26:49,720
QUANTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL

2171
01:26:49,720 --> 01:27:00,200
IMPACTS, I WONG DER THINKING

2172
01:27:00,200 --> 01:27:05,400
ABOUT LIKE IN THIS TOPIC OF

2173
01:27:05,400 --> 01:27:07,840
COMMUNICATION, WHERE DOES THIS

2174
01:27:07,840 --> 01:27:09,520
DISCUSSION AROUND THE BURDEN OF

2175
01:27:09,520 --> 01:27:11,200
PROOF FALL AND WHAT I MEAN BY

2176
01:27:11,200 --> 01:27:13,960
THAT IS, WHAT IS AN

2177
01:27:13,960 --> 01:27:15,360
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, WHAT IS

2178
01:27:15,360 --> 01:27:18,200
INCLUDED IN ACCOUNT TAG AND WHO

2179
01:27:18,200 --> 01:27:19,600
IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DEVELOPING

2180
01:27:19,600 --> 01:27:22,640
THOSE NUMBERS AND HOW DO WE

2181
01:27:22,640 --> 01:27:25,480
AGREE UPON A ACCEPTED NUMBER

2182
01:27:25,480 --> 01:27:27,160
ACKNOWLEDGING THE FACT THAT

2183
01:27:27,160 --> 01:27:31,200
THOSE DISCUSSIONS REALLY HAVEN'T

2184
01:27:31,200 --> 01:27:32,480
REACHED AGREEMENT WITHIN THE

2185
01:27:32,480 --> 01:27:33,680
SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.

2186
01:27:33,680 --> 01:27:37,400
IS THAT SOMETHING YOUR GROUP IS

2187
01:27:37,400 --> 01:27:38,280
PLANNING ON COVERING?

2188
01:27:38,280 --> 01:27:40,520
>> LET ME INTERSECT HERE
AND

2189
01:27:40,520 --> 01:27:41,960
REMIND EVERYBODY THAT WE ALSO

2190
01:27:41,960 --> 01:27:43,880
HAVE WORKGROUP FOUR AND FIVE.

2191
01:27:43,880 --> 01:27:47,120
AND WORKING GROUP FOUR IS GOING

2192
01:27:47,120 --> 01:27:49,600
TO DISCUSS ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK

2193
01:27:49,600 --> 01:27:51,800
FOR HOW YOU TAKE THIS EVIDENCE

2194
01:27:51,800 --> 01:27:55,600
AND USE IT IN THE DESIGN OF

2195
01:27:55,600 --> 01:27:59,440
EXPERIMENTS AND RESEARCH AND

2196
01:27:59,440 --> 01:28:00,040
SURVEILLANCE, ET CETERA.

2197
01:28:00,040 --> 01:28:01,480
WORKING GROUP FIVE IS GOING TO

2198
01:28:01,480 --> 01:28:03,720
FOCUS ON THE TRANSLATION

2199
01:28:03,720 --> 01:28:04,120
IMPLEMENTATION.

2200
01:28:04,120 --> 01:28:05,080
I THINK SOME OF THE THINGS THAT

2201
01:28:05,080 --> 01:28:06,560
YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT ROBIN IS

2202
01:28:06,560 --> 01:28:08,680
THE FOCUS OF WORKING GROUP FIVE.

2203
01:28:08,680 --> 01:28:10,720
SO WHAT YOU GUYS ARE DOING, IS

2204
01:28:10,720 --> 01:28:13,600
SORT OF MAKING THE CASE BY

2205
01:28:13,600 --> 01:28:15,520
PRESENTING THE EVIDENCE FOR WHY

2206
01:28:15,520 --> 01:28:16,960
THIS INTERSECTION IS

2207
01:28:16,960 --> 01:28:18,920
BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP

2208
01:28:18,920 --> 01:28:20,480
BETWEEN CLIMATE AND DIETARY

2209
01:28:20,480 --> 01:28:21,680
PATTERNS AND FOOD SYSTEMS AND

2210
01:28:21,680 --> 01:28:24,360
WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE AND WHY

2211
01:28:24,360 --> 01:28:25,240
IT'S IMPORTANT?

2212
01:28:25,240 --> 01:28:29,320
AND THEN THOSE ARE THE TWO

2213
01:28:29,320 --> 01:28:39,080
GROUPS THAT WE'LL WE'LL TALK

2214
01:28:39,080 --> 01:28:40,040
ABOUT HOW THEY USE THEM.

2215
01:28:40,040 --> 01:28:41,880
>> I UNDERSTAND THAT
THERE'S A

2216
01:28:41,880 --> 01:28:44,360
LOT OF HETEROGENEITY AND

2217
01:28:44,360 --> 01:28:45,360
DIFFERENT ESTIMATES, FOR

2218
01:28:45,360 --> 01:28:48,160
EXAMPLE, DEPENDING ON HOW YOU DO

2219
01:28:48,160 --> 01:28:50,400
THE LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND

2220
01:28:50,400 --> 01:28:53,120
THAT'S ABOUT AS MUCH AS I KNOW.

2221
01:28:53,120 --> 01:28:54,480
ENOUGH TO KNOW THERE'S A LOT OF

2222
01:28:54,480 --> 01:28:55,200
DEBATE ABOUT THAT.

2223
01:28:55,200 --> 01:29:05,720
I THINK FOR US, HOW MIGHT THAT

2224
01:29:10,560 --> 01:29:12,160
AFFECT THEIR CHOICES.

2225
01:29:12,160 --> 01:29:12,680
>> YEAH --

2226
01:29:12,680 --> 01:29:13,680
>> IF YOU HAVE THOUGHTS.

2227
01:29:13,680 --> 01:29:14,320
GO AHEAD.

2228
01:29:14,320 --> 01:29:16,240
>> I WAS THINKING FROM THE

2229
01:29:16,240 --> 01:29:17,640
STANDPOINT, A LOT OF THIS IS

2230
01:29:17,640 --> 01:29:20,440
ALREADY GOING ON AND IT PROBABLY

2231
01:29:20,440 --> 01:29:22,200
CAUSES SOME CONFUSION FOR

2232
01:29:22,200 --> 01:29:24,000
CONSUMERS AND SO, FROM THE

2233
01:29:24,000 --> 01:29:26,560
STANDPOINT OF FOOD CHOICE, WHAT

2234
01:29:26,560 --> 01:29:28,160
IS THE IMPACT THERE?

2235
01:29:28,160 --> 01:29:30,520
>> YEAH, I MEAN WE'LL
TOUCH UPON

2236
01:29:30,520 --> 01:29:33,720
THAT BECAUSE CLEARLY VARIOUS

2237
01:29:33,720 --> 01:29:34,680
FOOD COMPANIES HAVE ALREADY

2238
01:29:34,680 --> 01:29:36,240
DEVELOPED THEIR OWN METRICS THAT

2239
01:29:36,240 --> 01:29:37,840
THEY'RE USING TO COMMUNICATE

2240
01:29:37,840 --> 01:29:39,800
ABOUT THIS AND IT'S REALLY A

2241
01:29:39,800 --> 01:29:40,960
MARKETING TECHNIQUE THAT THEY'RE

2242
01:29:40,960 --> 01:29:43,080
USE TO GO PUSH CERTAIN FOOD

2243
01:29:43,080 --> 01:29:46,280
PRODUCTS AND THERE'S IN MANY

2244
01:29:46,280 --> 01:29:47,840
CASES VERY LITTLE CERTIFICATION

2245
01:29:47,840 --> 01:29:49,000
HAPPENING SO THESE -- I MEAN

2246
01:29:49,000 --> 01:29:51,280
IT'S VERY SIMILAR TO HEALTH AND

2247
01:29:51,280 --> 01:29:54,120
NUTRITION MARKETING IN SOME WAYS

2248
01:29:54,120 --> 01:29:56,000
WHERE IT'S ESSENTIALLY

2249
01:29:56,000 --> 01:29:57,720
MEANINGLESS AND IT CAN LEAD TO

2250
01:29:57,720 --> 01:29:59,360
CONSUMER CONFUSION.

2251
01:29:59,360 --> 01:30:01,880
WHAT ARE WE DOING ABOUT THAT?

2252
01:30:01,880 --> 01:30:04,440
BECAUSE YOUR ESSENTIALLY JUST

2253
01:30:04,440 --> 01:30:05,400
CREATING EVEN MORE NOISE.

2254
01:30:05,400 --> 01:30:06,800
WHAT WE WANT IS FOR PEOPLE TO

2255
01:30:06,800 --> 01:30:09,640
MAKE HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE FOOD

2256
01:30:09,640 --> 01:30:12,560
CHOICES AND THEY'RE JUST SO MUCH

2257
01:30:12,560 --> 01:30:16,800
MISINFORMATION OUT THERE FOR

2258
01:30:16,800 --> 01:30:17,640
PEOPLE.

2259
01:30:17,640 --> 01:30:18,320
KAREN, DO YOU HAVE ANYTHING TO

2260
01:30:18,320 --> 01:30:19,040
ADD?

2261
01:30:19,040 --> 01:30:20,480
I FEEL LIKE I'VE BEEN TALKING A

2262
01:30:20,480 --> 01:30:20,680
LOT.

2263
01:30:20,680 --> 01:30:24,320
>> NO, I AGREE AND I THINK
IT'S

2264
01:30:24,320 --> 01:30:26,000
A GOOD THING TO BRING UP BUT IT

2265
01:30:26,000 --> 01:30:27,640
SOUNDS LIKE WORKGROUPS FOUR AND

2266
01:30:27,640 --> 01:30:29,080
FIVE HOPEFULLY WILL BE TOUCHING

2267
01:30:29,080 --> 01:30:32,760
ON THAT AND WE CAN HOPEFULLY

2268
01:30:32,760 --> 01:30:36,560
MENTION THEIR REPORTS IN OUR

2269
01:30:36,560 --> 01:30:36,800
REPORT.

2270
01:30:36,800 --> 01:30:37,760
>> GREAT.

2271
01:30:37,760 --> 01:30:39,280
I SEE SOME CONNECTIONS HAPPENING

2272
01:30:39,280 --> 01:30:42,600
IN THE CHAT WITH NICOLE.

2273
01:30:42,600 --> 01:30:43,640
INVITING A CONVERSATION WITH

2274
01:30:43,640 --> 01:30:46,240
ROBIN SO THAT'S GREAT.

2275
01:30:46,240 --> 01:30:49,680
>> THANK YOU.

2276
01:30:49,680 --> 01:30:53,280
>> SO WENDY, JUST READING
YOUR

2277
01:30:53,280 --> 01:30:53,760
COMMENTS.

2278
01:30:53,760 --> 01:30:55,040
IT FEELS LIKE FOR THE REPORT

2279
01:30:55,040 --> 01:30:55,880
ORGANIZATION THE DRIVERS OF

2280
01:30:55,880 --> 01:30:57,760
CHANGE WOULD BENEFIT FROM A

2281
01:30:57,760 --> 01:30:59,320
OVERVIEW FRAMEWORK THE DETAILS

2282
01:30:59,320 --> 01:31:00,920
OF THE VING FORCES FIT.

2283
01:31:00,920 --> 01:31:02,360
SO ONE THING THAT WE HAD BEEN

2284
01:31:02,360 --> 01:31:04,680
TALKING ABOUT IS WHETHER, YOU

2285
01:31:04,680 --> 01:31:05,840
KNOW, INSTEAD OF THE FOUR

2286
01:31:05,840 --> 01:31:07,240
BUCKETS, WHICH DO HAVE A LOT OF

2287
01:31:07,240 --> 01:31:08,560
OVERLAP WITHIN THEM, WHETHER WE

2288
01:31:08,560 --> 01:31:10,200
MIGHT WANT TO LOOK AT EXTERNAL

2289
01:31:10,200 --> 01:31:16,640
FACTORS AND I AM TER INTERNAL F.

2290
01:31:16,640 --> 01:31:18,040
I DON'T KNOW IF YOU WANT TO JUMP

2291
01:31:18,040 --> 01:31:20,400
ON AND SAY ANYMORE THAN YOU SAID

2292
01:31:20,400 --> 01:31:23,680
IN THE CHAT?

2293
01:31:23,680 --> 01:31:25,960
>> YEAH, I MEAN, I THINK
IT

2294
01:31:25,960 --> 01:31:26,680
SOUNDS GREAT.

2295
01:31:26,680 --> 01:31:28,280
I GUESS I WAS FEELING A LITTLE

2296
01:31:28,280 --> 01:31:28,600
BIT CONCERNED.

2297
01:31:28,600 --> 01:31:29,640
I LOVE HOW YOU ARE THINKING

2298
01:31:29,640 --> 01:31:30,720
ABOUT EVERYTHING BUT IT DOES

2299
01:31:30,720 --> 01:31:32,960
FEEL LIKE YEAH, IF WE KEEP

2300
01:31:32,960 --> 01:31:35,440
ISOLATING THE FACTORS AND DON'T

2301
01:31:35,440 --> 01:31:36,760
ADDRESS HOW THEY'RE ALL

2302
01:31:36,760 --> 01:31:38,160
CONNECTED, AT LEAST WITH SOME

2303
01:31:38,160 --> 01:31:40,760
WORDS IN THE REPORT, THAT WE MAY

2304
01:31:40,760 --> 01:31:43,920
NOT MAKE THE PROGRESS WE'RE

2305
01:31:43,920 --> 01:31:44,200
TRYING TO.

2306
01:31:44,200 --> 01:31:46,200
>> I THINK WE TOTALLY
AGREE.

2307
01:31:46,200 --> 01:31:49,640
>> YEAH.

2308
01:31:49,640 --> 01:31:57,880
>> ANY OTHER COMMENTS,
QUESTIONS

2309
01:31:57,880 --> 01:32:04,760
ABOUT THE FRAMEWORK AND OUTLINE?

2310
01:32:04,760 --> 01:32:07,920
>> LET'S HEAD INTO THE
FOUR

2311
01:32:07,920 --> 01:32:08,240
BUCKETS.

2312
01:32:08,240 --> 01:32:10,600
>> I THINK WE HAD A BREAK

2313
01:32:10,600 --> 01:32:10,960
PLANNED FOR NOW.

2314
01:32:10,960 --> 01:32:12,280
>> OH, YES, SORRY.

2315
01:32:12,280 --> 01:32:15,520
>> MAYBE WE CAN ALL BE
BACK AT

2316
01:32:15,520 --> 01:32:16,000
11:45.

2317
01:32:16,000 --> 01:32:17,760
>> YES.

2318
01:32:17,760 --> 01:32:19,800
SO I GUESS 13 MINUTES.

2319
01:32:19,800 --> 01:32:21,600
>> WE ARE BACK HOPEFULLY

2320
01:32:21,600 --> 01:32:26,560
PEOPLE ARE MAKING THEIR WAY BACK

2321
01:32:26,560 --> 01:32:27,440
TO THEIR COMPUTERS.

2322
01:32:27,440 --> 01:32:29,120
WE'RE GOING TO GO DEEPER INTO

2323
01:32:29,120 --> 01:32:31,800
EACH OF THOSE AREAS THAT WE

2324
01:32:31,800 --> 01:32:33,000
MENTIONED DURING THE OUTLINE SO

2325
01:32:33,000 --> 01:32:34,520
WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO IS HAVE

2326
01:32:34,520 --> 01:32:38,640
EACH WORKING GROUP MEMBER

2327
01:32:38,640 --> 01:32:39,600
PRESENT THEIR AREA.

2328
01:32:39,600 --> 01:32:45,480
IF YOU HAVE THOUGHTS AND WHEN WE

2329
01:32:45,480 --> 01:32:47,800
FIN IT UP WE'LL OPEN IT UP FOR

2330
01:32:47,800 --> 01:32:48,160
DISCUSSION.

2331
01:32:48,160 --> 01:32:49,000
NEXT SLIDE.

2332
01:32:49,000 --> 01:32:49,600
PLEASE.

2333
01:32:49,600 --> 01:32:52,800
SO FIRST WE'RE GOING TO START

2334
01:32:52,800 --> 01:32:54,120
WITH FOOD PURCHASES AND

2335
01:32:54,120 --> 01:32:54,480
ACQUISITION.

2336
01:32:54,480 --> 01:32:58,960
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

2337
01:32:58,960 --> 01:32:59,840
NEXT SLIDE.

2338
01:32:59,840 --> 01:33:03,800
AND JUST SHOWING THE SAME THING.

2339
01:33:03,800 --> 01:33:05,960
NEXT SLIDE.

2340
01:33:05,960 --> 01:33:09,560
SO, I MENTIONED MY AREA OF

2341
01:33:09,560 --> 01:33:12,120
RESEARCH HAS FOCUSED ON THE

2342
01:33:12,120 --> 01:33:16,560
POINT AND PURCHASE AND FACTORS

2343
01:33:16,560 --> 01:33:20,680
THAT INFLUENCE AND IN TWO BROAD

2344
01:33:20,680 --> 01:33:22,880
AREAS AND ONE OF THOSE RELATES

2345
01:33:22,880 --> 01:33:25,080
TO THE FOOD ENVIRONMENT.

2346
01:33:25,080 --> 01:33:26,520
SO, WHAT FOOD PEOPLE HAVE ACCESS

2347
01:33:26,520 --> 01:33:28,520
TO AND WHAT IS AVAILABLE TO THEM

2348
01:33:28,520 --> 01:33:30,120
AND WHAT IS ACTUALLY AFFORDABLE

2349
01:33:30,120 --> 01:33:31,480
WHICH IS SOMETHING THAT WE'VE

2350
01:33:31,480 --> 01:33:33,000
ALREADY TALKED ABOUT AND FOOD

2351
01:33:33,000 --> 01:33:34,480
MARKETING AND ADVERTISING AS

2352
01:33:34,480 --> 01:33:35,360
WELL AS FOOD LABELING.

2353
01:33:35,360 --> 01:33:36,920
SO WE KNOW THERE ARE MANY

2354
01:33:36,920 --> 01:33:38,960
COMPLEX FACTORS THAT EMPLOYS

2355
01:33:38,960 --> 01:33:40,480
WHEN SOMEONE STANDING IN FRONT

2356
01:33:40,480 --> 01:33:42,280
OF A FOOD ITEM CHOOSING WHAT TO

2357
01:33:42,280 --> 01:33:47,080
BUY SO WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT

2358
01:33:47,080 --> 01:33:49,240
THE IMMEDIATE -- NOT SO

2359
01:33:49,240 --> 01:33:50,520
IMMEDIATE FACTORS AND WE ALSO

2360
01:33:50,520 --> 01:33:52,920
HAVE CONSUMER RELATED FACTORS.

2361
01:33:52,920 --> 01:33:54,600
AGAIN, THESE ARE CROSS CUTTING

2362
01:33:54,600 --> 01:33:56,280
BUT WE CAN THINK ABOUT CONSUMER

2363
01:33:56,280 --> 01:34:00,320
VALUES AND PREFERENCES AND THE

2364
01:34:00,320 --> 01:34:01,360
ROLE OF TASTE.

2365
01:34:01,360 --> 01:34:03,640
AND THEN OTHER KIND OF

2366
01:34:03,640 --> 01:34:05,160
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

2367
01:34:05,160 --> 01:34:08,560
INCLUDING INCOME AND EDUCATION

2368
01:34:08,560 --> 01:34:11,040
AND RACE AND ETHNICITY OR

2369
01:34:11,040 --> 01:34:12,520
POTENTIALLY EVEN MORE FACTORS IF

2370
01:34:12,520 --> 01:34:13,640
THIS WHEN WE THINK ABOUT

2371
01:34:13,640 --> 01:34:15,080
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES ACROSS THE

2372
01:34:15,080 --> 01:34:19,280
WORLD AND THEN OBVIOUSLY I THINK

2373
01:34:19,280 --> 01:34:21,760
AND IT'S NOT ON THE SIDE BUT

2374
01:34:21,760 --> 01:34:23,440
FOOD CULTURE PLACE A IMPORTANT

2375
01:34:23,440 --> 01:34:26,680
ROLE HERE AS WELL AND SO DIGGING

2376
01:34:26,680 --> 01:34:28,800
A LITTLE BIT MORE INTO THESE

2377
01:34:28,800 --> 01:34:33,120
AREAS SO AGAIN, THE POINT OF

2378
01:34:33,120 --> 01:34:34,960
THIS AND WHAT DO WE KNOW AND

2379
01:34:34,960 --> 01:34:36,040
DON'T KNOW ABOUT HUGH THESE

2380
01:34:36,040 --> 01:34:38,760
FACTORS ARE EFFECTING CONSUMER

2381
01:34:38,760 --> 01:34:41,800
DECISION AND CONTEXT OF CLIMATE

2382
01:34:41,800 --> 01:34:44,280
CHANGE AND DAN'S POINT HE MADE

2383
01:34:44,280 --> 01:34:46,760
IS WHAT DO WE LOSE TOO IF WE

2384
01:34:46,760 --> 01:34:47,840
DON'T INCLUDE CLIMATE CHANGE

2385
01:34:47,840 --> 01:34:49,280
WHEN WE'RE TAKE ABOUT HOW PEOPLE

2386
01:34:49,280 --> 01:34:54,320
ARE MAKING THIS DECISION.

2387
01:34:54,320 --> 01:34:56,120
SO WE WE THINK ABOUT

2388
01:34:56,120 --> 01:34:57,880
AFFORDABILITY CLEARLY, THERE'S

2389
01:34:57,880 --> 01:35:00,840
THIS BIG CONCERN ABOUT GLOBAL

2390
01:35:00,840 --> 01:35:02,880
FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES AND THE

2391
01:35:02,880 --> 01:35:04,080
FACT WE CAN ANTICIPATE SEEING

2392
01:35:04,080 --> 01:35:05,480
MANY MORE DISRUPTIONS AS A

2393
01:35:05,480 --> 01:35:06,920
RESULT OF ALL SORTS OF GLOBAL

2394
01:35:06,920 --> 01:35:09,000
CHANGES WHETHER THAT IS

2395
01:35:09,000 --> 01:35:10,200
INFECTIOUS DISEASE AMONGST

2396
01:35:10,200 --> 01:35:13,640
ANIMAL POPULATIONS, OR WATER

2397
01:35:13,640 --> 01:35:15,560
SHORTAGES, OR CONFLICT, WE KNOW

2398
01:35:15,560 --> 01:35:16,960
THAT WHAT HAS BEEN HAPPENING IN

2399
01:35:16,960 --> 01:35:19,600
UKRAINE HAS HAD A LARGE EFFECT

2400
01:35:19,600 --> 01:35:20,240
ON THE WHEAT SUPPLY FOR EXAMPLE

2401
01:35:20,240 --> 01:35:23,360
AND SO HOW IS THIS GOING TO

2402
01:35:23,360 --> 01:35:24,840
EFFECT WHAT PEOPLE HAVE

2403
01:35:24,840 --> 01:35:27,160
AVAILABLE TO CHOSE FROM AND

2404
01:35:27,160 --> 01:35:28,400
PARTICULARLY ONE MAJOR CONCERN

2405
01:35:28,400 --> 01:35:32,320
WOULD BE HOW MIGHT THIS EFFECT

2406
01:35:32,320 --> 01:35:40,520
DIETARY SO OTHER PEOPLE ARE

2407
01:35:40,520 --> 01:35:41,760
TALKING ABOUT FOOD SAFETY

2408
01:35:41,760 --> 01:35:42,880
CONCERNS BUT CERTAINLY WITHIN

2409
01:35:42,880 --> 01:35:44,600
CONCERN IS IF THE FOOD IS

2410
01:35:44,600 --> 01:35:47,000
PRODUCED LOCALLY IN JUST ISN'T

2411
01:35:47,000 --> 01:35:50,960
AVAILABLE, WILL PEOPLE BE MORE

2412
01:35:50,960 --> 01:35:53,600
RELIANT ON SHELL STABLE PACKAGE

2413
01:35:53,600 --> 01:35:55,160
PRODUCTS THAT LAST A LONG TIME.

2414
01:35:55,160 --> 01:35:58,360
SO WHEN WE THINK ABOUT

2415
01:35:58,360 --> 01:35:59,520
AFFORDABILITY, THESE SAME FOOD

2416
01:35:59,520 --> 01:36:01,360
SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS IMPACT PRICES

2417
01:36:01,360 --> 01:36:04,080
AND TRYING TO UNDERSTAND HOW

2418
01:36:04,080 --> 01:36:05,480
INFLATION IN PARTICULAR

2419
01:36:05,480 --> 01:36:07,080
EXACERBATES UNDERLYING

2420
01:36:07,080 --> 01:36:08,000
VULNERABILITY.

2421
01:36:08,000 --> 01:36:10,240
WE KNOW THAT IN PARTICULAR, LOW

2422
01:36:10,240 --> 01:36:12,360
INCOME HOUSEHOLDS ARE VERY

2423
01:36:12,360 --> 01:36:13,800
SENSITIVE TO PRICE CHANGES AND

2424
01:36:13,800 --> 01:36:16,120
SO DEPENDING ON WHERE WE SEE THE

2425
01:36:16,120 --> 01:36:19,160
GREATEST AND MOST RAPID

2426
01:36:19,160 --> 01:36:21,160
INFLATION, AND SOME OF THESE

2427
01:36:21,160 --> 01:36:23,640
OTHER PRICE CHANGES, THAT MAY

2428
01:36:23,640 --> 01:36:26,600
END UP POTENTIALLY SHIFTING

2429
01:36:26,600 --> 01:36:28,360
PEOPLE TO FOODS THAT MAY BE LESS

2430
01:36:28,360 --> 01:36:32,240
HEALTHY SO THIS IS A BIG

2431
01:36:32,240 --> 01:36:42,760
QUESTION MARK AND I JUST WANTED

2432
01:36:57,760 --> 01:37:01,600
TO PUT AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT WE DO

2433
01:37:01,600 --> 01:37:02,760
KNOW BECAUSE IT'S A REALLY

2434
01:37:02,760 --> 01:37:03,480
INTERESTING EXAMPLE.

2435
01:37:03,480 --> 01:37:06,440
THERE WAS A PAPER PUBLISHED IN

2436
01:37:06,440 --> 01:37:08,360
MEXICO A COUPLE YEARS AGO AND

2437
01:37:08,360 --> 01:37:09,640
WHAT THEY WERE DOING WAS USING

2438
01:37:09,640 --> 01:37:13,400
NATIONAL DIETARY HEALTH AND

2439
01:37:13,400 --> 01:37:14,480
NUTRITION INFORMATION SO YOU TRY

2440
01:37:14,480 --> 01:37:17,040
TO UNDERSTAND THE ASSOCIATION

2441
01:37:17,040 --> 01:37:20,760
BETWEEN LOWER PRECIPITATION AND

2442
01:37:20,760 --> 01:37:22,440
HIGHER TEMPERATURES AND

2443
01:37:22,440 --> 01:37:24,120
UNPROCESSED AND ULTRA-PROCESSED

2444
01:37:24,120 --> 01:37:26,440
FOOD INTAKE SO WHAT THEY SAW IS

2445
01:37:26,440 --> 01:37:28,720
THAT LOWER PRECIPITATION, AKA

2446
01:37:28,720 --> 01:37:31,320
MORE LIKELY TO BE A DROUGHT AND

2447
01:37:31,320 --> 01:37:32,480
HIGHER TEMPERATURES WERE

2448
01:37:32,480 --> 01:37:34,000
DECREASED INTAKE OF UNPROCESSED

2449
01:37:34,000 --> 01:37:36,000
FOODS SO THOSE ARE THINGS THAT I

2450
01:37:36,000 --> 01:37:40,240
CAN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES,

2451
01:37:40,240 --> 01:37:41,680
LEGUMES, RICE, BEANS AND HIGHER

2452
01:37:41,680 --> 01:37:43,520
INTAKE OF ULTRA-PROCESSED FOOD

2453
01:37:43,520 --> 01:37:46,040
SO CONFIRMING WHAT I HAD JUST

2454
01:37:46,040 --> 01:37:46,280
MENTIONED.

2455
01:37:46,280 --> 01:37:47,320
WHAT WAS REALLY INTERESTING IS

2456
01:37:47,320 --> 01:37:49,680
THAT THIS WAS ONLY OBSERVED AND

2457
01:37:49,680 --> 01:37:51,480
TROPICAL REGIONS AND SO THE

2458
01:37:51,480 --> 01:37:52,440
AUTHORS, YOU KNOW, KIND OF

2459
01:37:52,440 --> 01:37:54,000
TALKED ABOUT WHY THIS MIGHT BE

2460
01:37:54,000 --> 01:37:55,320
ALTHOUGH THEY DIDN'T REALLY LOOK

2461
01:37:55,320 --> 01:37:56,800
INTO THIS AND THIS IS ONE OF THE

2462
01:37:56,800 --> 01:37:58,080
YEARS THAT WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND

2463
01:37:58,080 --> 01:37:58,360
MORE.

2464
01:37:58,360 --> 01:38:00,480
WHAT ARE THE MECHANISMS?

2465
01:38:00,480 --> 01:38:06,840
BASICALLY THEY CONJECTURE IT

2466
01:38:06,840 --> 01:38:08,160
EFFECTS GRAIN FED CORN WHICH IS

2467
01:38:08,160 --> 01:38:10,760
A HUGE STAPLE IN MEXICO AND WHAT

2468
01:38:10,760 --> 01:38:12,440
THAT DID WAS CREATE LOWER

2469
01:38:12,440 --> 01:38:13,640
AVAILABILITY AND HIGHER PRICES

2470
01:38:13,640 --> 01:38:16,840
ON CORN TORTILLAS AND WHICH IS

2471
01:38:16,840 --> 01:38:19,240
AN UNPROCESSED FOOD STAPLE.

2472
01:38:19,240 --> 01:38:21,440
MEANWHILE, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

2473
01:38:21,440 --> 01:38:24,400
WERE LESS EFFECT ON MEXICAN

2474
01:38:24,400 --> 01:38:26,080
DIETS BECAUSE MANY OF THOSE ARE

2475
01:38:26,080 --> 01:38:28,760
ALREADY BEING EXPORTED TO

2476
01:38:28,760 --> 01:38:30,120
COUNTRIES LIKE THE U.S.

2477
01:38:30,120 --> 01:38:31,960
AND SO I THINK ONE THING THAT'S

2478
01:38:31,960 --> 01:38:33,680
REALLY INTERESTED HERE IS EVEN

2479
01:38:33,680 --> 01:38:35,000
TRYING TO UNDERSTAND HOW SOME OF

2480
01:38:35,000 --> 01:38:37,640
THESE CLIMATE EFFECTS ON DIETS

2481
01:38:37,640 --> 01:38:39,560
HAPPEN, IS THAT IT'S NOT JUST

2482
01:38:39,560 --> 01:38:40,840
LOCAL IT'S GLOBAL AND SO HOW CAN

2483
01:38:40,840 --> 01:38:42,320
WE EVEN TAKE AN EXAMPLE LIKE

2484
01:38:42,320 --> 01:38:45,160
THIS AND REALLY UNDERSTAND HOW

2485
01:38:45,160 --> 01:38:49,160
IT MIGHT EFFECT CONSUMER CHOICE

2486
01:38:49,160 --> 01:38:50,080
TRANS-NATIONALLY.

2487
01:38:50,080 --> 01:38:52,080
SO THIS JUST HIGHLIGHTS IN THIS

2488
01:38:52,080 --> 01:38:53,760
AREA I THINK, THERE ARE CLEARLY

2489
01:38:53,760 --> 01:38:54,600
QUESTIONS THAT NEED TO BE

2490
01:38:54,600 --> 01:38:56,960
ANSWERED ABOUT THE EXTENT TO

2491
01:38:56,960 --> 01:38:57,680
WHICH THESE PRICE CHANGES ARE

2492
01:38:57,680 --> 01:39:01,760
HAPPENING AND AVAILABLE TEE

2493
01:39:01,760 --> 01:39:02,360
CHANGES ARE YOU HAPPENING AND

2494
01:39:02,360 --> 01:39:03,920
WHAT ARE THE MECHANISMS FOR THIS

2495
01:39:03,920 --> 01:39:05,160
AND IT'S SO IMPORTANT WHEN WE

2496
01:39:05,160 --> 01:39:07,200
TALK ABOUT THE IMPACT ON HEALTH,

2497
01:39:07,200 --> 01:39:09,080
WHO IS MOST LIKELY TO BE

2498
01:39:09,080 --> 01:39:09,360
EFFECTED.

2499
01:39:09,360 --> 01:39:15,840
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

2500
01:39:15,840 --> 01:39:16,800
MARKETING AND ADVERTISING PLAYS

2501
01:39:16,800 --> 01:39:17,720
A HUGE ROLE.

2502
01:39:17,720 --> 01:39:19,640
WE'VE DONE WORK IN MANY

2503
01:39:19,640 --> 01:39:21,040
COUNTRIES ACROSS THE GLOBIN

2504
01:39:21,040 --> 01:39:22,080
CONCLUDING IN THE U.S. AND WHAT

2505
01:39:22,080 --> 01:39:23,640
WE KNOW IS THAT FOOD MARKETING

2506
01:39:23,640 --> 01:39:25,880
AND ADVERTISING IS HIGHLY

2507
01:39:25,880 --> 01:39:29,520
PREVALENT, PRETTY MUCH IN ALL

2508
01:39:29,520 --> 01:39:31,560
COUNTRIES AND IT EFFECTS WHAT

2509
01:39:31,560 --> 01:39:33,840
PEOPLE PREFER AND IT IT STARTS

2510
01:39:33,840 --> 01:39:35,200
AT AN EARLY AGE.

2511
01:39:35,200 --> 01:39:36,760
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT CHILDHOOD

2512
01:39:36,760 --> 01:39:38,160
SPECIFICALLY AND DEVELOPMENT OF

2513
01:39:38,160 --> 01:39:39,840
HEALTHY FOOD PREFERENCES, FOOD

2514
01:39:39,840 --> 01:39:42,080
MARKETING IS PLACE A ROLE FROM

2515
01:39:42,080 --> 01:39:43,920
THE TIME OF WHEN KIDS ARE

2516
01:39:43,920 --> 01:39:44,560
TODDLERS.

2517
01:39:44,560 --> 01:39:46,600
SO HOW IS CLIMATE CHANGE LIKELY

2518
01:39:46,600 --> 01:39:47,800
TO INFLUENCE THIS ASSOCIATION

2519
01:39:47,800 --> 01:39:50,640
BETWEEN MARKETING AND

2520
01:39:50,640 --> 01:39:52,600
ADVERTISEING AND FOOD CHOICE AND

2521
01:39:52,600 --> 01:39:54,440
WE'LL SEE ALREADY THAT MANY

2522
01:39:54,440 --> 01:39:55,640
COMPANIES ARE TRYING TO TAKE

2523
01:39:55,640 --> 01:39:57,240
ADVANTAGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL

2524
01:39:57,240 --> 01:39:58,640
MOVEMENTS IN PARTICULAR TO SELL

2525
01:39:58,640 --> 01:39:59,400
THEIR PRODUCTS.

2526
01:39:59,400 --> 01:40:01,280
I PUT AN EXAMPLE HERE ON THE

2527
01:40:01,280 --> 01:40:03,560
RIGHT, I DO A LOT OF WORK IN

2528
01:40:03,560 --> 01:40:04,840
COLOMBIA AND PROBABLY ABOUT 10

2529
01:40:04,840 --> 01:40:06,520
YEARS AGO, COLOMBIA IDENTIFIED

2530
01:40:06,520 --> 01:40:08,360
THAT TWO OF ITS MAJOR CONCERNS

2531
01:40:08,360 --> 01:40:11,120
WERE HIGH SUGARY DRINK INTAKE AS

2532
01:40:11,120 --> 01:40:13,120
WELL AS DROUGHT AND AT THE SAME

2533
01:40:13,120 --> 01:40:15,720
TIME, COCA-COLA OPENED A

2534
01:40:15,720 --> 01:40:16,320
BOTTLING PLANT IN THIS

2535
01:40:16,320 --> 01:40:18,680
PARTICULAR REGION OF COLOMBIA,

2536
01:40:18,680 --> 01:40:21,000
AND IT WAS REALLY EFFECTED BY

2537
01:40:21,000 --> 01:40:21,680
DROUGHT.

2538
01:40:21,680 --> 01:40:23,600
SO THERE WAS A HUGE OUTCRY

2539
01:40:23,600 --> 01:40:24,800
AROUND THIS FOR OBVIOUS REASONS

2540
01:40:24,800 --> 01:40:26,360
AND ONE OF COKE'S RESPONSES WAS

2541
01:40:26,360 --> 01:40:29,360
TO START THIS CONSUMER MARKETING

2542
01:40:29,360 --> 01:40:30,520
CAMPAIGN ABOUT HOW THEY WERE

2543
01:40:30,520 --> 01:40:33,360
WORKING TOWARDS A WATER NEUTRAL

2544
01:40:33,360 --> 01:40:34,920
PRODUCTION SYSTEM.

2545
01:40:34,920 --> 01:40:37,280
AND SO, I THINK HERE WHAT WE CAN

2546
01:40:37,280 --> 01:40:39,000
SEE IS THAT THIS IS REALLY

2547
01:40:39,000 --> 01:40:41,120
INTERESTING THAT COMPANIES ARE

2548
01:40:41,120 --> 01:40:42,680
TRYING TO, I THINK, MINIMIZE

2549
01:40:42,680 --> 01:40:53,200
SOME OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL HARM

2550
01:40:53,520 --> 01:40:55,280
THIS IS A HIGH LEVEL OF

2551
01:40:55,280 --> 01:40:56,400
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND

2552
01:40:56,400 --> 01:40:57,800
THERE'S PROLIFERATION OF GREEN

2553
01:40:57,800 --> 01:41:00,000
WASHING OR MARKETING OF CLIMATE

2554
01:41:00,000 --> 01:41:00,680
FRIENDLY FOODS.

2555
01:41:00,680 --> 01:41:02,440
AND YOU CAN REALLY DO SO MANY

2556
01:41:02,440 --> 01:41:03,280
THINGS WITH THIS.

2557
01:41:03,280 --> 01:41:05,880
YOU CAN TAKE ANY TYPE OF PRODUCT

2558
01:41:05,880 --> 01:41:10,720
AND ESPECIALLY TO ROBIN'S POINT,

2559
01:41:10,720 --> 01:41:11,480
THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT

2560
01:41:11,480 --> 01:41:13,360
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ARE ARE

2561
01:41:13,360 --> 01:41:14,280
SO COMPLEX.

2562
01:41:14,280 --> 01:41:15,480
THE YOU COULD TAKE ANY OF THE

2563
01:41:15,480 --> 01:41:16,520
PRODUCT AND SAY IT WAS

2564
01:41:16,520 --> 01:41:17,880
BENEFICIAL FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

2565
01:41:17,880 --> 01:41:19,040
AND A PARTICULAR WAY.

2566
01:41:19,040 --> 01:41:21,320
AND SO WE'RE REALLY SEEING THIS

2567
01:41:21,320 --> 01:41:24,360
EXPLOSION OF THE MARKETING OF

2568
01:41:24,360 --> 01:41:26,840
KIND OF CLIMATE BENEFITS TO

2569
01:41:26,840 --> 01:41:28,280
PARTICULAR FOODS AND SO THIS

2570
01:41:28,280 --> 01:41:29,360
CONCLUDES THINGS LIKE NATURE

2571
01:41:29,360 --> 01:41:31,760
BASED IMAGERY, COLORS, A LIGHT

2572
01:41:31,760 --> 01:41:33,160
GREEN COLOR, SOMETHING THAT WE

2573
01:41:33,160 --> 01:41:35,640
SEE A LOT, AND CLAIMS AND NOT

2574
01:41:35,640 --> 01:41:37,040
RIGOROUS CERTIFICATIONS SO A LOT

2575
01:41:37,040 --> 01:41:47,520
OF THESE ARE UNREGULATED AND

2576
01:41:51,720 --> 01:41:53,080
WE'VE SEEN MORE COMING OUT OF

2577
01:41:53,080 --> 01:41:54,720
EUROPE, ACTUALLY WITH SOME OF

2578
01:41:54,720 --> 01:41:55,960
THE QUESTIONS WE NEED TO ANSWER

2579
01:41:55,960 --> 01:41:57,600
ARE FIRST OF ALL, EVEN WHAT'S

2580
01:41:57,600 --> 01:41:59,240
OUT THERE AND I MEAN I THINK

2581
01:41:59,240 --> 01:42:01,280
WE'VE REALLY DOCUMENTED WELL THE

2582
01:42:01,280 --> 01:42:06,840
ROLE OF FOOD MARKETING ON

2583
01:42:06,840 --> 01:42:08,040
UNHEALTHY FOODS BUT WE'RE LESS

2584
01:42:08,040 --> 01:42:09,440
CLEAR ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND

2585
01:42:09,440 --> 01:42:13,080
CLIMATE CHANGE MARKETING EVEN IS

2586
01:42:13,080 --> 01:42:14,160
HOW DO PEOPLE RESPOND TO THIS

2587
01:42:14,160 --> 01:42:15,800
AND HOW DOES IT EFFECT THEIR

2588
01:42:15,800 --> 01:42:16,880
PERCEPTIONS AND THEIR KNOWLEDGE

2589
01:42:16,880 --> 01:42:27,360
AND THEIR STUDENTS AND NEXT

2590
01:42:37,280 --> 01:42:37,960
SLIDE, PLEASE.

2591
01:42:37,960 --> 01:42:39,440
SO FOOD LABELING IS ANOTHER AREA

2592
01:42:39,440 --> 01:42:40,880
WHERE I DO A LOT OF WORK.

2593
01:42:40,880 --> 01:42:46,520
WE DO KNOW THAT FOOD LABELING

2594
01:42:46,520 --> 01:42:47,480
EFFECTS CONSUMER CHOICE.

2595
01:42:47,480 --> 01:42:51,320
COMPANIES ARE COMPETING FOR

2596
01:42:51,320 --> 01:42:52,080
EYEBALLS BASICALLY AND INTENTION

2597
01:42:52,080 --> 01:42:53,720
WHEN PEOPLE COMPARE DIFFERENT

2598
01:42:53,720 --> 01:42:55,320
PRODUCTS AND WE HAVE DONE A LOT

2599
01:42:55,320 --> 01:42:57,040
OF WORK IN HEALTH LABELING AND

2600
01:42:57,040 --> 01:42:58,720
NUTRITION LABELING AND TO

2601
01:42:58,720 --> 01:43:02,400
UNDERSTAND HOW DIFFERENT TYPES

2602
01:43:02,400 --> 01:43:05,600
OF HEATH INFLUENCE CHOICE AND WE

2603
01:43:05,600 --> 01:43:08,360
DON'T KNOW AS MUCH ABOUT THESE

2604
01:43:08,360 --> 01:43:09,400
CLIMATE LABELS, AGAIN, BECAUSE

2605
01:43:09,400 --> 01:43:11,280
IT'S SUCH A NEW AREA BUT IT DOES

2606
01:43:11,280 --> 01:43:12,840
SEEM FROM WHAT WE KNOW THAT, IT

2607
01:43:12,840 --> 01:43:15,120
IS LIKELY TO EFFECT CONSUMER

2608
01:43:15,120 --> 01:43:16,480
CHOICE AND FIRST OF ALL, THERE'S

2609
01:43:16,480 --> 01:43:18,240
A PROLIFERATION OF CONFUSING

2610
01:43:18,240 --> 01:43:18,840
LABELS.

2611
01:43:18,840 --> 01:43:20,160
SO JUST LIKE WHAT I MENTIONED

2612
01:43:20,160 --> 01:43:25,280
WITH FOOD MARKETING AND

2613
01:43:25,280 --> 01:43:26,320
ADVERTISING, FOOD LABELING TAKES

2614
01:43:26,320 --> 01:43:29,320
IT AND MAKES IT EXPLICIT SO

2615
01:43:29,320 --> 01:43:30,000
CONSUMERS WANT INFORMATION ABOUT

2616
01:43:30,000 --> 01:43:33,880
THE NUTRITIONAL CONTEMPT OF THE

2617
01:43:33,880 --> 01:43:35,160
PRODUCTS AND THE HEALTH EFFECTS

2618
01:43:35,160 --> 01:43:36,440
AND THE CLIMATE ECONOMIC AND

2619
01:43:36,440 --> 01:43:38,480
THEY HAVE A RIGHT TO KNOW WHAT

2620
01:43:38,480 --> 01:43:39,920
IS IN THEIR PRODUCTS BUT RIGHT

2621
01:43:39,920 --> 01:43:41,600
NOW THERE'S LITTLE REGULATION TO

2622
01:43:41,600 --> 01:43:45,920
A LOT OF THESE LABELS.

2623
01:43:45,920 --> 01:43:47,320
SO I THINK WHAT WE DON'T KNOW IS

2624
01:43:47,320 --> 01:43:49,680
WHAT WORKS IN TERMS OF HOW DO WE

2625
01:43:49,680 --> 01:43:52,400
PREVENT SOME OF THIS AND IS THIS

2626
01:43:52,400 --> 01:43:54,560
A POTENTIAL TO INCENTIVIZE THE

2627
01:43:54,560 --> 01:43:56,320
USE OF MORE TRANSPARENT LABELS

2628
01:43:56,320 --> 01:43:58,240
OR POTENTIALLY REGULATED THE

2629
01:43:58,240 --> 01:44:00,480
FOOD INDUSTRY AND FROM USING

2630
01:44:00,480 --> 01:44:01,800
THESE LABELS THAT COULD GENERATE

2631
01:44:01,800 --> 01:44:03,480
MORE CONFUSION.

2632
01:44:03,480 --> 01:44:04,720
I AM ALSO REALLY UNDERSTANDING

2633
01:44:04,720 --> 01:44:06,640
IN THE HEALTH IMPACTS OF THIS

2634
01:44:06,640 --> 01:44:08,920
BECAUSE I SUSPECT THAT WHEN

2635
01:44:08,920 --> 01:44:10,560
PEOPLE SEE A CLIMATE FRIENDLY

2636
01:44:10,560 --> 01:44:12,200
LABEL, THAT IT MAY ALSO

2637
01:44:12,200 --> 01:44:15,520
INFLUENCE THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF

2638
01:44:15,520 --> 01:44:16,200
HEALTHFULNESS OF A PRODUCT.

2639
01:44:16,200 --> 01:44:17,400
IF APPROXIMATE YOU TAKE A

2640
01:44:17,400 --> 01:44:21,040
SCANNED' BAR AND PUT IT ALL IN A

2641
01:44:21,040 --> 01:44:23,280
NICE LIGHT GREEN PACKAGE AND

2642
01:44:23,280 --> 01:44:25,320
STAMP 100% SUSTAINABLE LABEL ON

2643
01:44:25,320 --> 01:44:26,880
IT, WOULD THAT MAKE PEOPLE THINK

2644
01:44:26,880 --> 01:44:28,240
THAT IT WAS HEALTHIER?

2645
01:44:28,240 --> 01:44:29,480
THERE ARE A LOT OF QUESTIONS

2646
01:44:29,480 --> 01:44:31,560
THAT WE NEED TO BE ANSWERED HERE

2647
01:44:31,560 --> 01:44:41,960
WHICH GENRE RATES TO JUST GEN -S

2648
01:44:41,960 --> 01:44:43,120
AND AS WELL AS WHO IS MOST

2649
01:44:43,120 --> 01:44:44,560
LIKELY TO BE EFFECTED.

2650
01:44:44,560 --> 01:44:49,120
FROM OUR WORK IN THE U.S. WE'VE

2651
01:44:49,120 --> 01:44:59,640
SEEN THAT -- I MENTIONED SOME

2652
01:45:12,120 --> 01:45:13,280
ELEMENTS ALREADY AND THEN ALSO I

2653
01:45:13,280 --> 01:45:14,680
KNOW OTHER WORKING GROUP MEMBERS

2654
01:45:14,680 --> 01:45:15,880
WILL COME IN ON THIS.

2655
01:45:15,880 --> 01:45:17,520
SO I'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT ALL

2656
01:45:17,520 --> 01:45:24,400
OF THESE ALMOST EXTERNAL FACTORS

2657
01:45:24,400 --> 01:45:34,880
THAT TO MAKING PEOPLE WANT TO

2658
01:45:40,280 --> 01:45:41,560
EAT MORE OF THEM.

2659
01:45:41,560 --> 01:45:42,480
BUT THERE IS ALSO GOING TO BE

2660
01:45:42,480 --> 01:45:44,240
CHANGES IN CONSUMER VALUES AND

2661
01:45:44,240 --> 01:45:45,920
PREFERENCES OVER TIME.

2662
01:45:45,920 --> 01:45:48,000
THE EXTENT TO WHICH WE

2663
01:45:48,000 --> 01:45:49,240
UNDERSTAND HOW CONSUMER CONCERNS

2664
01:45:49,240 --> 01:45:50,760
ABOUT CLIMATE ARE EFFECTING

2665
01:45:50,760 --> 01:45:52,040
THESE, I THINK IT'S AN AREA THAT

2666
01:45:52,040 --> 01:45:55,400
WE REALLY DON'T KNOW VERY MUCH.

2667
01:45:55,400 --> 01:45:56,840
BARRIE MENTIONED IN HIS TALK IN

2668
01:45:56,840 --> 01:45:57,800
HIS PERCEPTION THAT PEOPLE IN

2669
01:45:57,800 --> 01:46:02,120
THE U.S. DON'T CARE ABOUT THIS

2670
01:46:02,120 --> 01:46:02,280
YET.

2671
01:46:02,280 --> 01:46:03,560
TO SOME DEGREE THE RESEARCH I'VE

2672
01:46:03,560 --> 01:46:04,920
DONE SUPPORTS THAT BUT I THINK

2673
01:46:04,920 --> 01:46:06,000
IT'S CHANGING APPROXIMATE WE

2674
01:46:06,000 --> 01:46:09,360
NEED A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF

2675
01:46:09,360 --> 01:46:10,800
SOUTHBOUND POPULATIONS AND WHERE

2676
01:46:10,800 --> 01:46:12,200
ESPECIALLY WHEN WE THINK ABOUT

2677
01:46:12,200 --> 01:46:15,360
THINGS LIKE AGE, FOR EXAMPLE,

2678
01:46:15,360 --> 01:46:17,000
ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES WHERE

2679
01:46:17,000 --> 01:46:20,800
THERE IS MORE CONCERN FOR THE

2680
01:46:20,800 --> 01:46:25,720
ENVIRONMENT AND TO TRY TO

2681
01:46:25,720 --> 01:46:27,240
PROMOTE MORE HEALTHY AND

2682
01:46:27,240 --> 01:46:36,040
SUSTAINABLE DIETS.

2683
01:46:36,040 --> 01:46:38,240
HOW DOES THIS INTERSECT WITH

2684
01:46:38,240 --> 01:46:39,680
DIETARY TRENDS SO WE'VE BEEN

2685
01:46:39,680 --> 01:46:41,320
TALKING ABOUT A LOT RECENTLY IS

2686
01:46:41,320 --> 01:46:43,840
WE KNOW THAT PEOPLE TEND TO BE

2687
01:46:43,840 --> 01:46:45,160
CONCERNED ABOUT HEALTH, AGAIN,

2688
01:46:45,160 --> 01:46:48,200
IN THE U.S. PEOPLE REQUEST CARE

2689
01:46:48,200 --> 01:46:48,800
ABOUT THEIR INDIVIDUAL HEALTH

2690
01:46:48,800 --> 01:46:50,680
RISK FROM EATING CERTAIN FOODS

2691
01:46:50,680 --> 01:46:52,120
AND CAN WE PAIR THAT WITH

2692
01:46:52,120 --> 01:46:55,480
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS TO

2693
01:46:55,480 --> 01:46:56,800
POTENTIALLY INCREASE BUY IN OR

2694
01:46:56,800 --> 01:47:01,160
INCREASE THE LIKELIHOOD SOMEONE

2695
01:47:01,160 --> 01:47:07,440
WOULD RESPOND PURCHASES AND

2696
01:47:07,440 --> 01:47:09,440
ACQUISITIONS, NEXT SLIDE,

2697
01:47:09,440 --> 01:47:10,040
PLEASE.

2698
01:47:10,040 --> 01:47:14,800
AND NOW WE'RE GOING TO S GOING R

2699
01:47:14,800 --> 01:47:17,560
TO GENE TO TALK ABOUT GOOD

2700
01:47:17,560 --> 01:47:17,880
PREPARATION.

2701
01:47:17,880 --> 01:47:22,000
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH,
LINDSEY

2702
01:47:22,000 --> 01:47:24,520
AND THANK YOU TO YOU, KAREN AND

2703
01:47:24,520 --> 01:47:26,400
DAN FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP BECAUSE

2704
01:47:26,400 --> 01:47:27,480
THINGS ARE COMING INTO FOCUS

2705
01:47:27,480 --> 01:47:29,000
MORE AND MORE FOR ME ANYWAY AND

2706
01:47:29,000 --> 01:47:31,320
I HOPE FOR EVERYONE ELSE.

2707
01:47:31,320 --> 01:47:32,360
AMY, COULD YOU GO TO THE NEXT

2708
01:47:32,360 --> 01:47:32,600
SLIDE.

2709
01:47:32,600 --> 01:47:37,000
THANK YOU, VERY MUCH.

2710
01:47:37,000 --> 01:47:42,000
MY NAME IS JANE AND I'M A

2711
01:47:42,000 --> 01:47:48,960
REGISTERED DIE VISION TO GIVE

2712
01:47:48,960 --> 01:47:50,600
YOU A SENSE OF MY PERSPECTIVE

2713
01:47:50,600 --> 01:47:52,040
AND WHAT I BRING TO THE TABLE.

2714
01:47:52,040 --> 01:47:56,040
MOST OF MY WORK INVOLVES THE

2715
01:47:56,040 --> 01:47:57,160
PERINATAL AND PERIOD OF LIFE IN

2716
01:47:57,160 --> 01:47:58,560
THE U.S. SO IT'S A LITTLE

2717
01:47:58,560 --> 01:48:00,760
DIFFERENT FROM SOME OTHER PEOPLE

2718
01:48:00,760 --> 01:48:03,160
WHO ARE MORE INTERNATIONALLY

2719
01:48:03,160 --> 01:48:03,520
FOCUSED.

2720
01:48:03,520 --> 01:48:05,080
I'M GOING TO TALK TO YOU TODAY

2721
01:48:05,080 --> 01:48:13,240
JUST A LITTLE BIT ABOUT FOOD AND

2722
01:48:13,240 --> 01:48:17,800
AND FOOD INTAKE AND HOW THAT MAY

2723
01:48:17,800 --> 01:48:27,120
BE IMPACTED BY CEC OR AND IT'S A

2724
01:48:27,120 --> 01:48:29,320
VERY BASIC LEVEL OF

2725
01:48:29,320 --> 01:48:30,360
CONCEPTUALIZATION.

2726
01:48:30,360 --> 01:48:32,280
I'LL START BY BREAKING JUST THIS

2727
01:48:32,280 --> 01:48:34,360
TOPIC OF FOOD PREPARATION INTO

2728
01:48:34,360 --> 01:48:36,240
THESE THESE BROAD YEARS.

2729
01:48:36,240 --> 01:48:38,960
DECISIONS BASED ON FOOD SAFETY

2730
01:48:38,960 --> 01:48:40,560
CONCERNS, HOME COOKING HABITS

2731
01:48:40,560 --> 01:48:44,920
AND COOKING METHODS AND NOW

2732
01:48:44,920 --> 01:48:52,120
CLEARLY THESE THREE AREAS

2733
01:48:52,120 --> 01:49:02,280
OVERLAP.

2734
01:49:20,440 --> 01:49:23,840
>> AND LEADING TO MORE
FOOD

2735
01:49:23,840 --> 01:49:28,080
BOURNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS AND

2736
01:49:28,080 --> 01:49:29,600
SPECIFICALLY HOW WILL THIS

2737
01:49:29,600 --> 01:49:31,480
EFFECT CONSUMER DECISIONS AND IF

2738
01:49:31,480 --> 01:49:33,640
AT ALL.

2739
01:49:33,640 --> 01:49:35,920
IN THIS SPECIFIC CASE OF FOOD

2740
01:49:35,920 --> 01:49:39,560
PREPARATIONS SO FOR EXAMPLE,

2741
01:49:39,560 --> 01:49:41,200
LIKE, WILL BAGGED SALAD GREENS

2742
01:49:41,200 --> 01:49:42,560
BE A THING OF THE PAST IF THERE

2743
01:49:42,560 --> 01:49:46,000
ARE MORE OUTBREAKS AND RAISE

2744
01:49:46,000 --> 01:49:48,200
CONSUMER AWARENESS ABOUT THE

2745
01:49:48,200 --> 01:49:49,880
IMPORTANCE OF COOKING FOODS TO

2746
01:49:49,880 --> 01:50:00,280
KILL CERTAIN BACTERIA.

2747
01:50:08,040 --> 01:50:09,120
AND YOUNG KIDS AND OTHERS, HOW

2748
01:50:09,120 --> 01:50:13,360
WILL THEY BE AT ODDS WITH

2749
01:50:13,360 --> 01:50:15,360
RECOMMENDATIONS TO FULLY COOK

2750
01:50:15,360 --> 01:50:19,880
THINGS MORE TO MICROBIAL

2751
01:50:19,880 --> 01:50:21,520
EVOLUTION AND HOW DOES IT EFFECT

2752
01:50:21,520 --> 01:50:25,120
CONSUMER DECISIONS.

2753
01:50:25,120 --> 01:50:25,960
NEXT SLIDE.

2754
01:50:25,960 --> 01:50:27,400
SO WHAT EVIDENCE DO WE HAVE?

2755
01:50:27,400 --> 01:50:29,440
HERE IS AN EXAMPLE FROM THE

2756
01:50:29,440 --> 01:50:30,600
INTERNATIONAL FOOD INFORMATION

2757
01:50:30,600 --> 01:50:32,280
COUNCIL, THIS IS THEIR 2022 FOOD

2758
01:50:32,280 --> 01:50:34,080
AND HEALTH SURVEY AND YOU CAN

2759
01:50:34,080 --> 01:50:37,680
SEE HERE THAT HALF OF AMERICAN

2760
01:50:37,680 --> 01:50:41,440
SITE FOOD-BORNE ILLNESS FROM

2761
01:50:41,440 --> 01:50:42,320
BACTERIA.

2762
01:50:42,320 --> 01:50:51,280
AND THIS DOESN'T REALLY TELL US

2763
01:50:51,280 --> 01:50:53,200
FOR FOOD PREPARATION.

2764
01:50:53,200 --> 01:50:58,800
SO, LIKE FOR EXAMPLE, ED HAINES

2765
01:50:58,800 --> 01:51:00,520
ASKED ABOUT DIETARY INTAKE OF

2766
01:51:00,520 --> 01:51:04,840
THE U.S. POPULATION BUT A LITTLE

2767
01:51:04,840 --> 01:51:05,960
BIT LESS INFORMATION IS ASKED

2768
01:51:05,960 --> 01:51:07,720
ABOUT FOOD PREPARATION OR THE

2769
01:51:07,720 --> 01:51:11,480
UNDERLYING RATIONALE FOR

2770
01:51:11,480 --> 01:51:12,880
CONSUMER BEHAVIORS SO YOU KNOW,

2771
01:51:12,880 --> 01:51:14,520
WE'RE SORT OF CHALLENGED HERE, I

2772
01:51:14,520 --> 01:51:16,720
THINK TO ASK WHAT ADDITIONAL

2773
01:51:16,720 --> 01:51:18,160
EVIDENCE DO WE NEED AND MAYBE

2774
01:51:18,160 --> 01:51:19,360
WHERE WE CAN GET THAT.

2775
01:51:19,360 --> 01:51:22,800
COULD WE SUGGEST THE EXTRA

2776
01:51:22,800 --> 01:51:27,600
ENHANCED MODULE ON IMPACTS OF

2777
01:51:27,600 --> 01:51:28,960
CLIMATE CHANGE CONSUMER

2778
01:51:28,960 --> 01:51:32,200
DECISIONS AND RATIONALE FOR HOW

2779
01:51:32,200 --> 01:51:34,360
THEY, IN THIS CASE, PREPARE

2780
01:51:34,360 --> 01:51:37,720
FOODS.

2781
01:51:37,720 --> 01:51:41,480
OR OTHER SURVEYS THAT ARE ON

2782
01:51:41,480 --> 01:51:42,760
GOING.

2783
01:51:42,760 --> 01:51:45,600
COULD THEY INTRODUCE MODULES

2784
01:51:45,600 --> 01:51:47,720
LIKE THE INTERNATIONAL FOOD

2785
01:51:47,720 --> 01:51:53,040
COUNSEL OR LIKE THE ECHO THAT

2786
01:51:53,040 --> 01:51:54,600
STUDIES FAMILIES AND PREGNANCY

2787
01:51:54,600 --> 01:51:56,800
AND SO ON.

2788
01:51:56,800 --> 01:52:00,760
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

2789
01:52:00,760 --> 01:52:02,520
SO, I GUESS THINKING ABOUT HOME

2790
01:52:02,520 --> 01:52:07,800
COOKING HABITS, WE WANT TO

2791
01:52:07,800 --> 01:52:10,720
CONSIDER A FULL CONTINUUM AND

2792
01:52:10,720 --> 01:52:12,400
TRADITIONAL THOUGHT OF FAMILY

2793
01:52:12,400 --> 01:52:16,240
STYLE COOKING TO PARTIALLY

2794
01:52:16,240 --> 01:52:18,480
PREPARED AND GROCERY STORE AND

2795
01:52:18,480 --> 01:52:20,880
FOODS THAT ARE ALMOST PREPARED

2796
01:52:20,880 --> 01:52:23,600
AND FINISH OFF COOKING AND TO

2797
01:52:23,600 --> 01:52:26,440
SINGLE USE PACKAGE FOODS AND

2798
01:52:26,440 --> 01:52:32,960
CONTAINERS THAT MACARONI AND

2799
01:52:32,960 --> 01:52:35,680
CHEESE AND AND ANYTHING BETWEEN

2800
01:52:35,680 --> 01:52:38,200
AND SO CLIMB AWARENESS EFFECT

2801
01:52:38,200 --> 01:52:39,960
THESE CONSUMER DECISIONS ABOUT

2802
01:52:39,960 --> 01:52:43,680
FOOD PREPARATION AND IN WHAT

2803
01:52:43,680 --> 01:52:45,600
WAYS, HE WAS JUST ALLUDING TO

2804
01:52:45,600 --> 01:52:49,920
THIS AND VALUES AND CASE AND

2805
01:52:49,920 --> 01:52:56,240
COSTS AND NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

2806
01:52:56,240 --> 01:52:58,360
AGAIN, IF WE TURN TO THE

2807
01:52:58,360 --> 01:52:59,200
INTERNATIONAL FOOD INFORMATION

2808
01:52:59,200 --> 01:53:01,360
COUNCIL WE HAVE A LITTLE BIT OF

2809
01:53:01,360 --> 01:53:04,800
EVIDENCE ON HOW ENVIRONMENTAL

2810
01:53:04,800 --> 01:53:07,000
SUSTAINABLE AS A IMPACT ON

2811
01:53:07,000 --> 01:53:07,600
DECISIONS TO BUY SURGEON FOODS

2812
01:53:07,600 --> 01:53:09,720
AND HOW I MENTIONED THIS FOOD

2813
01:53:09,720 --> 01:53:12,640
PURCHASING AND FOOD PREPARATIONS

2814
01:53:12,640 --> 01:53:15,600
ARE SO INTIMATELY INTERCONNECTED

2815
01:53:15,600 --> 01:53:19,440
AND YOU THINK ABOUT PURCHASING

2816
01:53:19,440 --> 01:53:20,320
READY COOKED FOODS THAT DON'T

2817
01:53:20,320 --> 01:53:25,320
NEED PREPARATIONS AND BUT I

2818
01:53:25,320 --> 01:53:27,360
GUESS THINKING ABOUT ADDITIONAL

2819
01:53:27,360 --> 01:53:37,760
AND NEXT SLIDE PLEASE.

2820
01:53:39,760 --> 01:53:41,000
THIS IS COOKING METHODS.

2821
01:53:41,000 --> 01:53:46,360
THIS IS THE MOST INDEPENDENT

2822
01:53:46,360 --> 01:53:51,000
SORT OF WAY TO LOOK AT FOOD

2823
01:53:51,000 --> 01:53:52,040
PREPARATION IN THE HOMES.

2824
01:53:52,040 --> 01:53:54,840
SO COOKING METHODS AND EVERYBODY

2825
01:53:54,840 --> 01:53:59,000
HAS SEEN IN THE NEWS RECENTLY,

2826
01:53:59,000 --> 01:54:05,680
ABOUT THE COULD CONTROVERSY OF S

2827
01:54:05,680 --> 01:54:08,040
VERSUS INDUCTION STOVES BUT I

2828
01:54:08,040 --> 01:54:10,960
PUT UP THIS CITATION HERE JUST

2829
01:54:10,960 --> 01:54:12,360
FROM 2022 JUST TO SHOW THAT WE

2830
01:54:12,360 --> 01:54:14,720
DO HAVE EVIDENCE ON HOW MANY

2831
01:54:14,720 --> 01:54:16,120
HOMES COOKED WITH GAS SO IN THE

2832
01:54:16,120 --> 01:54:20,200
U.S., OVER A THIRD OF HOMES

2833
01:54:20,200 --> 01:54:23,880
COOKED WITH GAS AND THAT DOES

2834
01:54:23,880 --> 01:54:27,680
VARY BY DIFFERENT STATES.

2835
01:54:27,680 --> 01:54:31,360
THIS IS ALSO A GOOD EXAMPLE OF A

2836
01:54:31,360 --> 01:54:32,800
COUPLE OF THINGS.

2837
01:54:32,800 --> 01:54:36,480
SO, FOR INSTANCE, THE GAS

2838
01:54:36,480 --> 01:54:39,200
COOKING CAN HAVE AN IMPACT ON

2839
01:54:39,200 --> 01:54:40,760
INDIVIDUAL HEALTH SO FOR

2840
01:54:40,760 --> 01:54:41,840
EXAMPLE, WITH PERHAPS AS MA

2841
01:54:41,840 --> 01:54:45,760
INCIDENTS OR ASTHMA

2842
01:54:45,760 --> 01:54:47,200
EXACERBATIONS, AS THIS HEADLINE

2843
01:54:47,200 --> 01:54:49,400
THIS TITLE OF THE PAPER SHOWS

2844
01:54:49,400 --> 01:54:51,520
AND IT'S AN IMPACT IN THE OTHER

2845
01:54:51,520 --> 01:54:55,160
DIRECTION THAT WE WERE TALKING

2846
01:54:55,160 --> 01:54:58,640
ABOUT THIS BY DIRECTIONALITY SO

2847
01:54:58,640 --> 01:54:59,680
USING GAS STOVES EFFECTS

2848
01:54:59,680 --> 01:55:02,360
EMISSIONS AND IT'S LIKE THE

2849
01:55:02,360 --> 01:55:05,200
CHOICE, THE CONSUMER CHOICE FOOD

2850
01:55:05,200 --> 01:55:06,480
PREPARATION METHOD AND IMPACT

2851
01:55:06,480 --> 01:55:08,720
THE CLIMATE ITSELF THE CLIMATE

2852
01:55:08,720 --> 01:55:13,800
CHANGE AT CHANGE ITSELF.

2853
01:55:13,800 --> 01:55:16,520
SO SOME OF THE RECOMMENDATION 0

2854
01:55:16,520 --> 01:55:18,920
THIS PARTICULAR PUBLICATION

2855
01:55:18,920 --> 01:55:23,240
INFORMS FUTURE RESEARCH AND

2856
01:55:23,240 --> 01:55:24,720
INCLUDE THINGS LIKE DEVELOPING

2857
01:55:24,720 --> 01:55:27,440
RAPID ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES AND

2858
01:55:27,440 --> 01:55:30,640
PORTABLE METHANE DETECTORS AND

2859
01:55:30,640 --> 01:55:33,840
NOT ALL GAS STOVES ARE AND I

2860
01:55:33,840 --> 01:55:35,280
THINK THEY WOULD BE REALLY

2861
01:55:35,280 --> 01:55:37,080
IMPORTANT FOR INDIVIDUALS AND

2862
01:55:37,080 --> 01:55:42,200
HEALTH AND SO AT THE STUDY AND

2863
01:55:42,200 --> 01:55:43,880
BUT THINKING ABOUT SORT OF THE

2864
01:55:43,880 --> 01:55:47,160
BIGGER PICTURE OF FOOD, HOME

2865
01:55:47,160 --> 01:55:54,000
FOOD PREPARATION METHODS, THE

2866
01:55:54,000 --> 01:55:55,400
OTHER RECOMMENDATION TO COLLECT

2867
01:55:55,400 --> 01:55:57,280
MORE COMPREHENSIVE DATA ON

2868
01:55:57,280 --> 01:55:58,720
APPLIANCE USAGE AND ACTIVITIES

2869
01:55:58,720 --> 01:56:00,280
AND AGAIN THIS IS A PLACE THAT

2870
01:56:00,280 --> 01:56:03,240
MAYBE WE CAN ADD A MODULE IN

2871
01:56:03,240 --> 01:56:08,440
RECOMMENDS A MODULE AND OTHER

2872
01:56:08,440 --> 01:56:11,360
ENHANCED OR OTHER SURVEYS THAT

2873
01:56:11,360 --> 01:56:14,800
WE ALREADY USING IN THE U.S. AND

2874
01:56:14,800 --> 01:56:18,840
THIS IS A TOP THAT I CAN HAS A

2875
01:56:18,840 --> 01:56:19,880
SPECIAL RELEVANCE TO CONCERNS

2876
01:56:19,880 --> 01:56:22,040
ABOUT DISPARITIES BECAUSE WITH

2877
01:56:22,040 --> 01:56:25,960
ANYTHING, WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A

2878
01:56:25,960 --> 01:56:27,400
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR THAT INVOLVES

2879
01:56:27,400 --> 01:56:30,680
A PURCHASE OF SOMETHING THAT IS

2880
01:56:30,680 --> 01:56:33,200
HAPPENS EXPENSIVE FOR A

2881
01:56:33,200 --> 01:56:36,000
HOUSEHOLD, WE REALLY WANT TO

2882
01:56:36,000 --> 01:56:38,240
STUDY AND THINK ABOUT THE IMPACT

2883
01:56:38,240 --> 01:56:41,560
ON HOW THIS EFFECTS DISPARITIES

2884
01:56:41,560 --> 01:56:42,160
AND DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES.

2885
01:56:42,160 --> 01:56:43,480
I KNOW A LOT OF THE WORK THAT I

2886
01:56:43,480 --> 01:56:47,080
DO IS IN RURAL AREAS AND MANY OF

2887
01:56:47,080 --> 01:56:50,360
PEOPLE DON'T HAVE A STOVE,

2888
01:56:50,360 --> 01:56:51,560
WHETHER GAS, ELECTRIC OR

2889
01:56:51,560 --> 01:56:55,920
INDUCTION THEY ONLY HAVE A

2890
01:56:55,920 --> 01:56:56,320
MICROWAVE OVEN.

2891
01:56:56,320 --> 01:56:58,600
WE HAVE TO CONSIDER WHETHER OR

2892
01:56:58,600 --> 01:57:01,960
NOT SOME RECOMMENDATIONS WOULD

2893
01:57:01,960 --> 01:57:04,920
INCREASE HEALTH DISPARITIES.

2894
01:57:04,920 --> 01:57:06,360
AND THEN JUST THE FINAL POINT

2895
01:57:06,360 --> 01:57:07,840
THAT I WOULD LIKE TO SAY ABOUT

2896
01:57:07,840 --> 01:57:12,080
THESE COOKING METHODS, IS THAT

2897
01:57:12,080 --> 01:57:15,160
MAYBE MANY OF YOU WERE LIKE ME

2898
01:57:15,160 --> 01:57:17,880
IN HAVING A LOT OF PEOPLE

2899
01:57:17,880 --> 01:57:27,400
EXPRESS CONFUSION ABOUT THE SO A

2900
01:57:27,400 --> 01:57:28,680
LOT OF QUESTIONS ABOUT EFFECTS

2901
01:57:28,680 --> 01:57:31,720
ON HUMAN HEALTH AND I HAD A LOT

2902
01:57:31,720 --> 01:57:33,600
OF QUESTIONS OF EFFECTS ON GAS

2903
01:57:33,600 --> 01:57:34,800
STOVES ON CLIMATE AND MOSTLY

2904
01:57:34,800 --> 01:57:36,640
JUST CONFUSION, LIKE PEOPLE

2905
01:57:36,640 --> 01:57:39,600
DIDN'T UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE AND

2906
01:57:39,600 --> 01:57:40,840
I THINK THAT WE CAN THINK OF IT

2907
01:57:40,840 --> 01:57:43,560
AS A SORT OF AN OPPORTUNITY FOR

2908
01:57:43,560 --> 01:57:44,520
EDUCATE AND SOMETHING THAT

2909
01:57:44,520 --> 01:57:45,840
REALLY SHOULD BE HIGHLIGHTED

2910
01:57:45,840 --> 01:57:54,880
PERHAPS IN OUR REPORT.

2911
01:57:54,880 --> 01:57:57,000
THIS IS WHAT I CAME UP WITH

2912
01:57:57,000 --> 01:57:58,160
UNDER FOOD PREPARATION AS

2913
01:57:58,160 --> 01:58:05,480
AFFECTED BY OR AFFECTING CEC AND

2914
01:58:05,480 --> 01:58:15,560
SO.

2915
01:59:48,520 --> 01:59:49,560
>> SORRY.

2916
01:59:49,560 --> 01:59:51,440
>> PERFECT.

2917
01:59:51,440 --> 01:59:52,600
>> ALWAYS SOMETHING.

2918
01:59:52,600 --> 01:59:54,520
SO I'M REAGAN BAILEY I WORK FOR

2919
01:59:54,520 --> 01:59:56,160
THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCING

2920
01:59:56,160 --> 01:59:58,040
HEALTH THROUGH AGRICULTURE AT

2921
01:59:58,040 --> 02:00:01,280
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY WHICH
IS A

2922
02:00:01,280 --> 02:00:02,880
BRAND NEW INSTITUTE THAT LOOKS

2923
02:00:02,880 --> 02:00:05,320
AT PRECISION NUTRITION AND

2924
02:00:05,320 --> 02:00:07,040
RESPONSE OF AGRICULTURE WHICH IS

2925
02:00:07,040 --> 02:00:08,560
RELEVANT TO THE DISCUSSIONS THAT

2926
02:00:08,560 --> 02:00:09,720
WE'RE HAVING.

2927
02:00:09,720 --> 02:00:11,880
SO NOT HOW WE CAN JUST PRODUCE

2928
02:00:11,880 --> 02:00:13,800
MORE FOOD AND HOW WE CAN DO SO

2929
02:00:13,800 --> 02:00:17,760
IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY IN A

2930
02:00:17,760 --> 02:00:19,120
HEALTH CONSCIOUS WAY AND WE HAVE

2931
02:00:19,120 --> 02:00:21,960
ANOTHER FOCUS ON SOCIAL AND

2932
02:00:21,960 --> 02:00:23,240
BEHAVIORAL CHANGE SIGN AND SO

2933
02:00:23,240 --> 02:00:24,800
JUST BECAUSE WE WANT PEOPLE TO

2934
02:00:24,800 --> 02:00:25,840
MAKE DIFFERENT CHOICES WITH

2935
02:00:25,840 --> 02:00:30,840
THEIR DIETS, HOW DO WE GET THEM

2936
02:00:30,840 --> 02:00:57,960
THERE AND SO THESE ARE THE THESE

2937
02:00:57,960 --> 02:01:02,600
WERE POSED TO ME TO ANSWER

2938
02:01:02,600 --> 02:01:04,320
TODAY.

2939
02:01:04,320 --> 02:01:08,320
AND I'M GOING TO DO THIS THROUGH

2940
02:01:08,320 --> 02:01:14,160
TWO PRIMARY DATA SOURCES, THE

2941
02:01:14,160 --> 02:01:17,400
FIRST IS END HAINES THROUGH MY

2942
02:01:17,400 --> 02:01:19,600
WORK IN THE DIETARY GUIDELINES

2943
02:01:19,600 --> 02:01:20,920
ADVISORY COMMITTEE SO JUST TO

2944
02:01:20,920 --> 02:01:23,400
GIVE YOU A GENERAL BACKGROUND,

2945
02:01:23,400 --> 02:01:25,320
OF WHERE WE ARE IN AMERICA, SO

2946
02:01:25,320 --> 02:01:28,760
THESE ARE HEALTHY EATING AND

2947
02:01:28,760 --> 02:01:30,560
LIFE STAGE AND HEALTHY EATING

2948
02:01:30,560 --> 02:01:34,240
INDEX AS I'M SURE AND SCORE OF

2949
02:01:34,240 --> 02:01:36,840
0-100 AND I TELL PEOPLE IT'S

2950
02:01:36,840 --> 02:01:37,640
LIKE A RECORD CARD.

2951
02:01:37,640 --> 02:01:40,040
A ZERO IS FAILING AND 100 IS

2952
02:01:40,040 --> 02:01:40,520
PERFECT.

2953
02:01:40,520 --> 02:01:42,880
AND SO THAT YOU CAN SEE THAT

2954
02:01:42,880 --> 02:01:44,920
MOST AMERICANS ARE NOT HAVING

2955
02:01:44,920 --> 02:01:47,560
DIETS THAT ARE ALIGNED WITH

2956
02:01:47,560 --> 02:01:51,000
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC

2957
02:01:51,000 --> 02:01:51,600
RECOMMENDATIONS.

2958
02:01:51,600 --> 02:01:53,120
IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE THOUGH

2959
02:01:53,120 --> 02:01:55,160
THAT THE DIETARY GUIDELINES DO

2960
02:01:55,160 --> 02:01:57,400
NOT INCLUDE A DIMENSION ON SUN

2961
02:01:57,400 --> 02:02:01,400
TSUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD CHOICE

2962
02:02:01,400 --> 02:02:02,800
AND IT'S NOT UNDER THEIR

2963
02:02:02,800 --> 02:02:03,440
PURVIEW.

2964
02:02:03,440 --> 02:02:04,960
IT'S BEEN DISCUSSIONS AND

2965
02:02:04,960 --> 02:02:05,840
DEBATES WHETHER OR NOT IT SHOULD

2966
02:02:05,840 --> 02:02:10,120
BE AND AS IT IS RIGHT NOW, IT IS

2967
02:02:10,120 --> 02:02:10,720
NOT.

2968
02:02:10,720 --> 02:02:13,960
SO WE TALKED A LOT ABOUT THIS

2969
02:02:13,960 --> 02:02:17,880
TODAY AND WHAT I'M GOING TO SAY

2970
02:02:17,880 --> 02:02:19,520
DOVE TAILS NICELY WITH THE FIRST

2971
02:02:19,520 --> 02:02:22,760
TWO PRESENTATIONS AND THESE ARE

2972
02:02:22,760 --> 02:02:23,840
IN ALPHABETICAL ORDERS AND THESE

2973
02:02:23,840 --> 02:02:25,240
ARE MAJOR FACT THAT THAT SHAPE

2974
02:02:25,240 --> 02:02:29,440
THE WAY THAT WE EAT AND SHAPE

2975
02:02:29,440 --> 02:02:30,600
OUR CUISINE AND DIETARY PATTERNS

2976
02:02:30,600 --> 02:02:32,600
AND I'M GOING TO TOUCH BRIEFLY

2977
02:02:32,600 --> 02:02:34,720
ON SOME OF THESE GIVEN THE SCOPE

2978
02:02:34,720 --> 02:02:40,880
OF TIME THAT WE HAVE TODAY.

2979
02:02:40,880 --> 02:02:44,440
FOOD HABITS COME IN A COMPLEX

2980
02:02:44,440 --> 02:02:46,000
CONSOLATION OF PERSONAL, SOCIAL

2981
02:02:46,000 --> 02:02:47,320
ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL

2982
02:02:47,320 --> 02:02:48,200
INFLUENCES.

2983
02:02:48,200 --> 02:02:54,560
BUT FOOD CHOICES ARE NOT FORMED

2984
02:02:54,560 --> 02:02:56,560
AND THEY'RE FORMED BY FOOD

2985
02:02:56,560 --> 02:03:01,200
AVAILABILITY AND AGENCY, AND

2986
02:03:01,200 --> 02:03:11,200
CLIMATE.

2987
02:03:11,200 --> 02:03:14,600
WE EAT FOOD TO SURVIVE AND OUR

2988
02:03:14,600 --> 02:03:15,840
PSYCHOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH

2989
02:03:15,840 --> 02:03:17,640
FOOD SO WE'RE BORN WITH A

2990
02:03:17,640 --> 02:03:19,280
PREFERENCE FOR SWEET FOODS BUT

2991
02:03:19,280 --> 02:03:20,720
OUR FAVORITE PREFERENCES ARE

2992
02:03:20,720 --> 02:03:22,960
SHAPED OVER TIME AND EXPERIENCE.

2993
02:03:22,960 --> 02:03:25,560
BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE.

2994
02:03:25,560 --> 02:03:32,000
AND MUCH RESEARCH HAS BEEN DONE

2995
02:03:32,000 --> 02:03:33,600
MUCH FOOD CHOICE THAT I DON'T

2996
02:03:33,600 --> 02:03:38,280
HAVE TIME TO GET INTO TODAY.

2997
02:03:38,280 --> 02:03:39,960
BUT OUR FOOD HABITS ARE TIED TO

2998
02:03:39,960 --> 02:03:41,880
OUR CULTURE AND FOOD PRACTICES

2999
02:03:41,880 --> 02:03:44,360
ARE OFTEN PART OF RELIGIOUS AND

3000
02:03:44,360 --> 02:03:49,000
HOLIDAY CELEBRATIONS.

3001
02:03:49,000 --> 02:03:50,640
WE DEVELOP OUR FOOD AND DIETARY

3002
02:03:50,640 --> 02:03:51,920
PATTERNS OVER TIME AS A

3003
02:03:51,920 --> 02:04:02,440
CONSULLATION OF THESE FACTORS.

3004
02:04:20,800 --> 02:04:22,400
AS DISCUSSED IN DETAIL YEAR THIS

3005
02:04:22,400 --> 02:04:24,360
MORNING SO I WON'T GO TOO MUCH

3006
02:04:24,360 --> 02:04:25,720
INTO THIS.

3007
02:04:25,720 --> 02:04:26,880
FINALLY, THERE ARE STRONG TIES

3008
02:04:26,880 --> 02:04:30,760
TO MARKETING AND ENVIRONMENTAL

3009
02:04:30,760 --> 02:04:35,120
STIMULI THAT LINDSEY SPOKE

3010
02:04:35,120 --> 02:04:35,600
ABOUT.

3011
02:04:35,600 --> 02:04:37,400
AND ACCESS TO FOOD PURCHASING IN

3012
02:04:37,400 --> 02:04:38,680
A BUILT ENVIRONMENT IS INVOLVED

3013
02:04:38,680 --> 02:04:40,360
TO SOME EXTENT.

3014
02:04:40,360 --> 02:04:41,600
ALTHOUGH I HAVE TO SAY THAT

3015
02:04:41,600 --> 02:04:44,440
THERE IS A LOT OF NOT DEBATE IN

3016
02:04:44,440 --> 02:04:46,480
THIS SCIENTIFIC CIRCLE AS TO

3017
02:04:46,480 --> 02:04:48,040
WHETHER OR NOT THE BUILT

3018
02:04:48,040 --> 02:04:49,960
ENVIRONMENT IS A PRIMARY DRIVER

3019
02:04:49,960 --> 02:04:52,560
OF FOOD CHOICE.

3020
02:04:52,560 --> 02:04:54,680
WHAT I'M GOING TO DO NOW IS MOVE

3021
02:04:54,680 --> 02:04:58,240
ON TO DATA FROM INTERNATIONAL

3022
02:04:58,240 --> 02:05:00,600
FOOD AND INFORMATION COUNCIL.

3023
02:05:00,600 --> 02:05:03,000
THIS IS A GROUP THAT HAS BEEN

3024
02:05:03,000 --> 02:05:05,360
CONDUCTING THE FOOD AND HEALTH

3025
02:05:05,360 --> 02:05:07,280
SURVEY REPORT FOR A NUMBER OF

3026
02:05:07,280 --> 02:05:09,440
YEARS SO WE CAN TRACK DATA OVER

3027
02:05:09,440 --> 02:05:11,480
TIME AND SUSTAINABILITY HAS BEEN

3028
02:05:11,480 --> 02:05:12,640
A PART OF THAT.

3029
02:05:12,640 --> 02:05:14,640
THIS IS A TREMENDOUS RESOURCE

3030
02:05:14,640 --> 02:05:16,320
AND SO IF YOU JUST WANT TO KNOW

3031
02:05:16,320 --> 02:05:18,440
MORE, ALL OF THE SLIDES ARE

3032
02:05:18,440 --> 02:05:20,160
AVAILABLE ON MULTIPLE TOPICS AND

3033
02:05:20,160 --> 02:05:24,200
IF YOU GOOGLE FOOD AND HEALTH

3034
02:05:24,200 --> 02:05:25,960
SURVEY.

3035
02:05:25,960 --> 02:05:27,880
THE FIRST IS SINCE DATA HAS BEEN

3036
02:05:27,880 --> 02:05:29,400
COLLECTED OVER TIME, YOU KNOW

3037
02:05:29,400 --> 02:05:31,720
THE PRIMARY DRIVER OF FOOD

3038
02:05:31,720 --> 02:05:33,920
CHOICE IS TASTE, TASTE, TASTE.

3039
02:05:33,920 --> 02:05:36,520
THAT IS IN RED, YOU CAN SEE THAT

3040
02:05:36,520 --> 02:05:39,000
HAS NOT CHANGED IN MUCH OVER

3041
02:05:39,000 --> 02:05:39,360
TIME.

3042
02:05:39,360 --> 02:05:42,360
IN YELLOW, IT'S THE SECOND MOST

3043
02:05:42,360 --> 02:05:43,600
IMPORTANT DRIVER OF FOOD CHOICE

3044
02:05:43,600 --> 02:05:45,480
AND YOU SEE THAT BOUNCES AROUND

3045
02:05:45,480 --> 02:05:47,040
A LITTLE BIT BUT IT'S ALWAYS

3046
02:05:47,040 --> 02:05:47,680
NUMBER TWO.

3047
02:05:47,680 --> 02:05:53,520
AND THEN AT THE BOTTOM,

3048
02:05:53,520 --> 02:05:54,480
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND

3049
02:05:54,480 --> 02:05:56,640
IN THE RECENT SURVEY HAS IT GONE

3050
02:05:56,640 --> 02:05:57,200
UP.

3051
02:05:57,200 --> 02:06:00,440
SO ALTHOUGH IT RANK BELOW OTHER

3052
02:06:00,440 --> 02:06:02,200
PURCHASE DRIVERS FOR IN TENT,

3053
02:06:02,200 --> 02:06:04,120
THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

3054
02:06:04,120 --> 02:06:06,240
HAS AN IMPACT ON A DECISION TO

3055
02:06:06,240 --> 02:06:11,480
BUY CERTAIN FOODS AND BEVERAGES.

3056
02:06:11,480 --> 02:06:12,800
SO THIS SLIDE IS BUSY.

3057
02:06:12,800 --> 02:06:17,440
THE YELLOW BAR REPRESENTS DATA

3058
02:06:17,440 --> 02:06:28,000
FROM 2021 AND AND THESE PROBABLY

3059
02:06:45,960 --> 02:06:47,640
NOT WILL COME AS MUCH OF A SHOCK

3060
02:06:47,640 --> 02:06:50,760
TO THIS GROUP.

3061
02:06:50,760 --> 02:06:52,880
BUT MILLENNIALSES, PARENTS WITH

3062
02:06:52,880 --> 02:06:55,520
YOUNG CHILDREN AND THOSE WITH A

3063
02:06:55,520 --> 02:06:56,480
COLLEGE DEGREE AND THOSE WITH

3064
02:06:56,480 --> 02:06:58,120
HIGHER INCOMES ARE MORE LIKELY

3065
02:06:58,120 --> 02:06:59,440
TO BELIEVE THEIR FOOD CHOICES

3066
02:06:59,440 --> 02:07:01,600
HAVE BEEN IMPACT ON THE

3067
02:07:01,600 --> 02:07:05,080
ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR

3068
02:07:05,080 --> 02:07:06,480
COUNTERPARTS.

3069
02:07:06,480 --> 02:07:09,680
THE FINAL SLIDE FROM THE DATA

3070
02:07:09,680 --> 02:07:10,840
INDICATES HOW CONCERNED

3071
02:07:10,840 --> 02:07:12,160
AMERICANS ARE ABOUT FOOD CHOICES

3072
02:07:12,160 --> 02:07:15,080
AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS RELEVANT

3073
02:07:15,080 --> 02:07:16,720
TO OTHER GENERATIONS.

3074
02:07:16,720 --> 02:07:20,000
SO OVER ALL, ABOUT 60% THINK

3075
02:07:20,000 --> 02:07:21,800
THEIR GENERATION HAS A GREATER

3076
02:07:21,800 --> 02:07:23,520
CONCERN ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL

3077
02:07:23,520 --> 02:07:24,920
IMPACT OF FOOD CHOICES THAN

3078
02:07:24,920 --> 02:07:26,600
OTHER GENERATIONS.

3079
02:07:26,600 --> 02:07:28,600
AND THIS IS PROBABLY NOT

3080
02:07:28,600 --> 02:07:30,160
SURPRISING THAT IT FOLLOWS THE

3081
02:07:30,160 --> 02:07:31,800
SAME TRENDS AS I SHOWED YOU IN

3082
02:07:31,800 --> 02:07:35,000
THE LAST SLIDE.

3083
02:07:35,000 --> 02:07:36,680
MILLENNIALS AND GEN Z HAVE THE

3084
02:07:36,680 --> 02:07:37,680
HIGHEST AGREEMENT WHEREAS

3085
02:07:37,680 --> 02:07:40,640
BOOMERS TEND TO HAVE THE LOWEST

3086
02:07:40,640 --> 02:07:41,240
AGREEMENT.

3087
02:07:41,240 --> 02:07:42,400
THOSE CHILDREN THOSE WITH THE

3088
02:07:42,400 --> 02:07:44,760
COLLEGE DEGREE AND HIGHER

3089
02:07:44,760 --> 02:07:46,160
INCOMES AND HAVE A HIGHER

3090
02:07:46,160 --> 02:07:47,760
AGREEMENT THAN THE COUNTERPARTS,

3091
02:07:47,760 --> 02:07:49,880
SIMILAR TO WHAT I ALREADY SHOWS

3092
02:07:49,880 --> 02:07:50,840
YOU.

3093
02:07:50,840 --> 02:07:52,880
FINALLY AN INTERESTINGLY HIS

3094
02:07:52,880 --> 02:07:56,440
PANIC AMERICANS ALMOST 70% ALSO

3095
02:07:56,440 --> 02:07:57,880
HAVE CONCERNS ABOUT HOW THEIR

3096
02:07:57,880 --> 02:08:02,520
FOOD CHOICES IMPACT THE

3097
02:08:02,520 --> 02:08:06,360
ENVIRONMENT.

3098
02:08:06,360 --> 02:08:08,040
I'VE JUST BEEN ASKED TO GIVE YOU

3099
02:08:08,040 --> 02:08:10,000
A GENERAL LANDSCAPE ON MEALS AND

3100
02:08:10,000 --> 02:08:12,440
SNACK PATTERNS AND THE U.S. AND

3101
02:08:12,440 --> 02:08:17,120
AGAIN THIS IS COMING FROM OUR

3102
02:08:17,120 --> 02:08:19,960
DATA AND SO ON AVERAGE WE HAVE

3103
02:08:19,960 --> 02:08:21,120
ABOUT SIX EATING OCCASIONS PER

3104
02:08:21,120 --> 02:08:22,800
DAY AND THIS IS ON AVERAGE.

3105
02:08:22,800 --> 02:08:27,120
SO SOME PEOPLE EAT ONCE A DAY

3106
02:08:27,120 --> 02:08:37,640
AND SOME PEOPLE RATING BREAKFAST

3107
02:08:38,000 --> 02:08:40,720
ASSOCIATED WITH BREAKFAST SEVEN

3108
02:08:40,720 --> 02:08:43,960
AND NINE AND 18% OF TOTAL ENERGY

3109
02:08:43,960 --> 02:08:46,120
AND 81% OF AMERICANS REPORT

3110
02:08:46,120 --> 02:08:48,600
LUNCH AROUND 12:00 TO 1:00 P-M

3111
02:08:48,600 --> 02:08:50,120
PROVIDING ABOUT A QUARTER OF

3112
02:08:50,120 --> 02:09:00,360
DAILY ENERGY.

3113
02:09:10,880 --> 02:09:12,720
CONSUMERS CONSUME TWO OR THREE

3114
02:09:12,720 --> 02:09:14,760
SNACKS SO THAT'S INCLUDED IN THE

3115
02:09:14,760 --> 02:09:16,280
EATING OCCASIONS PER DAY SO IT'S

3116
02:09:16,280 --> 02:09:21,480
AN EATING OCCASION IS A SNACK, A

3117
02:09:21,480 --> 02:09:25,240
MEAL, A BEVERAGE, AND ANY TYPE

3118
02:09:25,240 --> 02:09:28,200
OF INGESTIVE EVENT IS AN EATING

3119
02:09:28,200 --> 02:09:33,960
OCCASION SO SNACKING IS IT

3120
02:09:33,960 --> 02:09:36,320
PROVIDES AROUND 20% TO 23% OF

3121
02:09:36,320 --> 02:09:38,120
ENERGY CONSUMED SO SNACKING

3122
02:09:38,120 --> 02:09:40,000
OCCURS PRIMARILY BETWEEN LUNCH

3123
02:09:40,000 --> 02:09:42,400
AND DINNER AND THIS TENDS TO BE

3124
02:09:42,400 --> 02:09:44,720
WHAT WE, AS DIETITIANS WOULD

3125
02:09:44,720 --> 02:09:46,800
CALL MORE HEALTHY SNACKS.

3126
02:09:46,800 --> 02:09:48,800
BUT A LOT OF SNACKING OCCURS

3127
02:09:48,800 --> 02:09:51,160
AFTER DINNER SO 8:00 TO 10:00

3128
02:09:51,160 --> 02:09:51,440
P.M.

3129
02:09:51,440 --> 02:09:53,800
THIS IS WHERE WE TEND TO SEE

3130
02:09:53,800 --> 02:09:55,520
SNACKS THAT ARE VERY HIGH IN

3131
02:09:55,520 --> 02:09:57,440
SODIUM, SATURATED FATS, AND THIS

3132
02:09:57,440 --> 02:10:01,200
IS WHERE GENERALLY MOST ALCOHOL

3133
02:10:01,200 --> 02:10:03,000
IS CONSUMED IN THE AMERICAN

3134
02:10:03,000 --> 02:10:03,480
DIET.

3135
02:10:03,480 --> 02:10:06,560
AND THEN I'M JUST GOING TO END

3136
02:10:06,560 --> 02:10:09,600
WITH PARALLEL DATA FROM THE

3137
02:10:09,600 --> 02:10:11,640
STUDY SO THEY HAVE DIFFERENT

3138
02:10:11,640 --> 02:10:13,200
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND

3139
02:10:13,200 --> 02:10:17,000
DIFFERENT WAYS OF GETTING AT THE

3140
02:10:17,000 --> 02:10:19,640
U.S. POPULATION AND THE DATA ARE

3141
02:10:19,640 --> 02:10:23,880
VERY SIMILAR PARTICULARLY WITH

3142
02:10:23,880 --> 02:10:34,360
WARDS TO SO THIS IS UP FROM 2021

3143
02:10:34,360 --> 02:10:42,120
WHERE IT WAS 58% IN 2021 AND

3144
02:10:42,120 --> 02:10:43,200
THIS IS SOMETHING YOU CAN

3145
02:10:43,200 --> 02:10:43,760
SURPRISED HE.

3146
02:10:43,760 --> 02:10:45,600
YOU CAN SEE ON THE RIGHT-HAND

3147
02:10:45,600 --> 02:10:47,440
SIDE, THE DRIVERS.

3148
02:10:47,440 --> 02:10:48,040
 DRIVERS.

3149
02:10:48,040 --> 02:10:49,600
WHY ARE PEOPLE SNACKING.

3150
02:10:49,600 --> 02:10:50,680
THESE LITTLE ARROWS ARE HELPFUL

3151
02:10:50,680 --> 02:10:53,040
SO WHAT HAS INCREASED IS PEOPLE

3152
02:10:53,040 --> 02:10:54,000
ARE SNACKING MORE BECAUSE THEY

3153
02:10:54,000 --> 02:10:56,960
NEED OF ENERGY AND IT'S A HABIT.

3154
02:10:56,960 --> 02:10:58,400
SO THAT WAS SOMETHING THAT WAS

3155
02:10:58,400 --> 02:10:58,920
SURPRISING TO ME.

3156
02:10:58,920 --> 02:11:02,280
IF IT'S A HABIT, WHY IS IT

3157
02:11:02,280 --> 02:11:07,880
JUMPING ALMOST 20% POINTS.

3158
02:11:07,880 --> 02:11:09,880
DECREASES WERE SEEN IN THE NEED

3159
02:11:09,880 --> 02:11:11,560
FOR SWEET SNACKS, AND BECAUSE OF

3160
02:11:11,560 --> 02:11:13,680
THE LENGTH BETWEEN MEALS.

3161
02:11:13,680 --> 02:11:23,160
SO THAT IS A WHY WE'RE EATING

3162
02:11:23,160 --> 02:11:25,160
WHEN WE'RE EATING, FOODS,

3163
02:11:25,160 --> 02:11:29,800
SNAGGSNACKING I WOULD LIKE TO MA

3164
02:11:29,800 --> 02:11:30,480
PLUG AND IF WE'RE TRYING TO

3165
02:11:30,480 --> 02:11:31,640
ANSWER SOME OF THESE QUESTIONS

3166
02:11:31,640 --> 02:11:34,680
THAT WE REALLY NEED TO WORK WITH

3167
02:11:34,680 --> 02:11:43,240
PEOPLE IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY AND

3168
02:11:43,240 --> 02:11:45,960
THAT WILL FILL IN A HUGE GAP WE

3169
02:11:45,960 --> 02:11:47,960
AS ACADEMIC SCIENTISTS DON'T

3170
02:11:47,960 --> 02:11:52,160
HAVE AND I'M SURE THAT IS

3171
02:11:52,160 --> 02:11:54,000
PROBABLY NOT A VERY POPULAR

3172
02:11:54,000 --> 02:11:55,760
OPINION BUT IT WILL ABSOLUTELY

3173
02:11:55,760 --> 02:11:57,240
HELP US FEEL SOME OF THESE GAPS

3174
02:11:57,240 --> 02:12:00,760
THAT WE WANT TO IN OUR PROJECT.

3175
02:12:00,760 --> 02:12:02,040
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND

3176
02:12:02,040 --> 02:12:06,320
ATTENTION.

3177
02:12:06,320 --> 02:12:07,680
WE'LL FIGURE OUT HOW TO STOP

3178
02:12:07,680 --> 02:12:18,240
SHARING MY SCREEN AT SOME POINT.

3179
02:12:28,400 --> 02:12:29,760
>> ALL RIGHT, WE ARE GOING
TO

3180
02:12:29,760 --> 02:12:32,720
MOVE ON TO OUR FOURTH AND FINAL

3181
02:12:32,720 --> 02:12:34,360
DOCKET WHICH IS FOOD WASTE.

3182
02:12:34,360 --> 02:12:37,520
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

3183
02:12:37,520 --> 02:12:39,520
SO THE PRIMARY FOCUS OF THIS

3184
02:12:39,520 --> 02:12:44,240
PART OF THE DISCUSSION IS AROUND

3185
02:12:44,240 --> 02:12:46,600
HOW CLIMATE CHANGE MAY AFFECT

3186
02:12:46,600 --> 02:12:47,320
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AROUND FOOD

3187
02:12:47,320 --> 02:12:50,000
WASTE AND STORAGE IN THE

3188
02:12:50,000 --> 02:12:50,720
HOUSEHOLDS.

3189
02:12:50,720 --> 02:12:53,120
I WILL PROVIDE A LITTLE BIT OF

3190
02:12:53,120 --> 02:12:55,120
CONTEXT ON THE OTHER DIRECTION

3191
02:12:55,120 --> 02:12:57,600
JUST BECAUSE THAT IS WHERE MY

3192
02:12:57,600 --> 02:12:59,400
AREA, PRIMARY AREA OF EXPERTISE

3193
02:12:59,400 --> 02:13:01,280
IS BUT REALLY OUR FOCUS IS ON

3194
02:13:01,280 --> 02:13:04,880
THE DIRECTION OF THE ARROW YOU

3195
02:13:04,880 --> 02:13:05,360
SEE HERE.

3196
02:13:05,360 --> 02:13:10,280
NEXT SLIDE, SO WHEN WE THINK

3197
02:13:10,280 --> 02:13:11,800
ABOUT CONSUME I REMEMBER LEVEL

3198
02:13:11,800 --> 02:13:15,280
OR HOUSEHOLD LEVEL FOOD WASTE,

3199
02:13:15,280 --> 02:13:17,720
IT NEGATIVELY, WE CAN THINK

3200
02:13:17,720 --> 02:13:20,120
ABOUT IT IN A SUSTAINABILITY

3201
02:13:20,120 --> 02:13:21,800
CONTEXT WHEN WE'RE THROWING AWAY

3202
02:13:21,800 --> 02:13:27,600
FOOD FOR ONE REASON OR ANOTHER,

3203
02:13:27,600 --> 02:13:28,640
WE'RE THROWING AWAY MORE THAN

3204
02:13:28,640 --> 02:13:30,600
THAT FOOD AND EVERYTHING THAT

3205
02:13:30,600 --> 02:13:32,120
HAPPENED ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN

3206
02:13:32,120 --> 02:13:33,880
SO ALL OF THE RESOURCES THAT

3207
02:13:33,880 --> 02:13:35,560
WERE USED ALL OF THE NUTRIENTS

3208
02:13:35,560 --> 02:13:38,240
THAT ARE EMBEDDED IN THAT FOOD

3209
02:13:38,240 --> 02:13:42,040
AND ALL OF THE LABOR AND CARE

3210
02:13:42,040 --> 02:13:43,240
THAT WENT INTO THROWING AWAY

3211
02:13:43,240 --> 02:13:44,880
THAT FOOD SO WE'RE THROWING AWAY

3212
02:13:44,880 --> 02:13:48,120
MORE THAN ECONOMIC VALUES AND

3213
02:13:48,120 --> 02:13:48,960
WE'RE THROWING AWAY A LOT WHEN

3214
02:13:48,960 --> 02:13:50,400
THIS HAPPENS SO IT'S NOT ONLY

3215
02:13:50,400 --> 02:13:53,120
THE EMBEDDED VALUE BUT THE

3216
02:13:53,120 --> 02:13:54,320
OPPORTUNITY COST ALSO THINKING

3217
02:13:54,320 --> 02:13:57,240
ABOUT HOW FOOD WASTE CAN BE USED

3218
02:13:57,240 --> 02:13:59,160
MORE OPTIMALLY WHEN WE HAVE

3219
02:13:59,160 --> 02:14:01,560
WASTE SO PRIMARILY FOOD WASTE IN

3220
02:14:01,560 --> 02:14:03,320
THE UNITED STATES IS LAND

3221
02:14:03,320 --> 02:14:04,840
FILLED, CONSUMER LEVEL FOOD

3222
02:14:04,840 --> 02:14:05,960
WASTE THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES

3223
02:14:05,960 --> 02:14:08,720
ALONG THE ENTIRE SUPPLY CHAIN TO

3224
02:14:08,720 --> 02:14:10,400
BE PUTTING WASTE WHEN IT NEEDS

3225
02:14:10,400 --> 02:14:12,640
TO HAPPEN TO ITS HIGHEST AND

3226
02:14:12,640 --> 02:14:14,520
BEST USE WHETHER THAT IS BEEN

3227
02:14:14,520 --> 02:14:16,080
RE-PURPOSES FOR FEEDING ANIMALS

3228
02:14:16,080 --> 02:14:18,360
AND COMPOSTING OR ENERGY

3229
02:14:18,360 --> 02:14:22,360
PRODUCTION VIA SOMETHING LIKE

3230
02:14:22,360 --> 02:14:24,680
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TO PRODUCE

3231
02:14:24,680 --> 02:14:26,320
ENERGY AND SO WE'RE NOT ONLY

3232
02:14:26,320 --> 02:14:28,560
WASTING THE EMBEDDED VALUE BUT

3233
02:14:28,560 --> 02:14:30,800
THE OPPORTUNITY OF USING IT FOR

3234
02:14:30,800 --> 02:14:34,960
A DIFFUSE WHEN THAT IS

3235
02:14:34,960 --> 02:14:35,880
AVAILABLE.

3236
02:14:35,880 --> 02:14:37,360
WHEN WHEN WE TALK ABOUT FOOD

3237
02:14:37,360 --> 02:14:38,840
WASTE, WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A

3238
02:14:38,840 --> 02:14:41,680
TREMENDOUS SCALE OF AN ISSUE

3239
02:14:41,680 --> 02:14:42,880
THAT WE COULD WRITE SEVERAL

3240
02:14:42,880 --> 02:14:44,040
REPORTS ON BY THEMSELVES BUT

3241
02:14:44,040 --> 02:14:46,040
JUST FOR A LITTLE BIT OF GLOBAL

3242
02:14:46,040 --> 02:14:48,200
CONTEXT, ESPECIALLY, FOOD WASTE,

3243
02:14:48,200 --> 02:14:49,960
14% OF ALL FOOD PRODUCED WAS

3244
02:14:49,960 --> 02:14:52,920
LOSS BETWEEN HARVEST AND MARKET

3245
02:14:52,920 --> 02:14:56,440
AND 17% WAS WASTED IN THE RETAIL

3246
02:14:56,440 --> 02:14:59,280
AND BY CONSUMERS AT THOSE LEVELS

3247
02:14:59,280 --> 02:15:03,240
AND NEXT SLIDE.

3248
02:15:03,240 --> 02:15:04,560
WHEN WE THINK THOSE TECHILY

3249
02:15:04,560 --> 02:15:07,080
ABOUT OUR WORKING GROUP AND THE

3250
02:15:07,080 --> 02:15:09,360
FOCUS ON CONSUMER AND HOUSEHOLD

3251
02:15:09,360 --> 02:15:10,760
LEVEL FOOD WASTE, WE WANT TO SET

3252
02:15:10,760 --> 02:15:12,200
THE STAGE A LITTLE BIT HERE

3253
02:15:12,200 --> 02:15:14,280
BEFORE WE TALK ABOUT SOME

3254
02:15:14,280 --> 02:15:16,080
DRIVERS AND BEHAVIORS.

3255
02:15:16,080 --> 02:15:20,720
SO, IN THE UNITED STATES, WE

3256
02:15:20,720 --> 02:15:21,640
WASTE APPROXIMATELY A POUND PER

3257
02:15:21,640 --> 02:15:24,480
PERSON PER DAY OF FOODS AND THIS

3258
02:15:24,480 --> 02:15:26,880
EDIBLE FOOD THAT WOULD BE WASTED

3259
02:15:26,880 --> 02:15:30,920
NOT IN EDIBLE PORTIONS OF FOOD

3260
02:15:30,920 --> 02:15:32,120
SO THAT'S U.S. CONTEXT

3261
02:15:32,120 --> 02:15:34,840
SPECIFICALLY AND GLOBALLY, WE

3262
02:15:34,840 --> 02:15:37,200
KNOW THAT HIGH AND MIDDLE INCOME

3263
02:15:37,200 --> 02:15:38,840
COUNTRIES HAVE GREAT PER-CAPITA

3264
02:15:38,840 --> 02:15:41,360
WASTE RATES AT THE CONSUMER

3265
02:15:41,360 --> 02:15:43,040
LEVEL THAN LOW INCOME COUNTRY

3266
02:15:43,040 --> 02:15:45,240
LOOKING AT THE DISPARITIES

3267
02:15:45,240 --> 02:15:47,400
BETWEEN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA

3268
02:15:47,400 --> 02:15:49,040
AROUND 100 KILOGRAMS PER YEAR

3269
02:15:49,040 --> 02:15:52,600
AND VERSUS SUB SA HER ANT AFRICA

3270
02:15:52,600 --> 02:15:55,400
AND SOUTHEAST ASIA AROUND EIGHT

3271
02:15:55,400 --> 02:15:57,400
KILOGRAMS PER YEAR PER-CAPITA SO

3272
02:15:57,400 --> 02:15:59,080
CONSUMER AND HOUSEHOLD LEVEL

3273
02:15:59,080 --> 02:16:00,360
FOOD WASTE IS MUCH MORE OF A

3274
02:16:00,360 --> 02:16:02,480
HIGH AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY

3275
02:16:02,480 --> 02:16:04,920
PROBLEM THAN A LOW INCOME

3276
02:16:04,920 --> 02:16:08,080
COUNTRY PROBLEM AND MORE IN LOW

3277
02:16:08,080 --> 02:16:09,640
INCOME COUNTRY, THE FOOD SPOIL

3278
02:16:09,640 --> 02:16:14,400
AGE AND EARLY KI EARLY KIND OF E

3279
02:16:14,400 --> 02:16:16,160
ARE LARGER CONCERNS BECAUSE OF

3280
02:16:16,160 --> 02:16:18,120
COLD CHAIN AND LACK OF AVAILABLE

3281
02:16:18,120 --> 02:16:20,360
STORAGE AND IT'S A ISSUES WITH

3282
02:16:20,360 --> 02:16:22,160
POST HARVEST, ET CETERA.

3283
02:16:22,160 --> 02:16:26,160
IN THE UNITED STATES, WE, AS I

3284
02:16:26,160 --> 02:16:28,040
SAID PREVIOUSLY, LANDFILL MOST

3285
02:16:28,040 --> 02:16:30,080
OF OUR FOOD WASTE AND THOUGH

3286
02:16:30,080 --> 02:16:31,160
ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT

3287
02:16:31,160 --> 02:16:34,120
STRATEGIES ARE ON THE INCREASE

3288
02:16:34,120 --> 02:16:37,080
WITH THE ADVENT OF CURBSIDE

3289
02:16:37,080 --> 02:16:39,360
COMPOSTING AND MAJOR

3290
02:16:39,360 --> 02:16:41,400
METROPOLITAN AREAS OR SMALL

3291
02:16:41,400 --> 02:16:42,800
CITIES AND TOWNS AND THEN

3292
02:16:42,800 --> 02:16:44,960
FINALLY JUST KIND OF SETTING THE

3293
02:16:44,960 --> 02:16:46,280
STAGE HERE AND MAKING THE

3294
02:16:46,280 --> 02:16:48,760
LINKAGE TO DIETARY PATTERNS AND

3295
02:16:48,760 --> 02:16:50,600
AS WE THINK ABOUT POLICY AND

3296
02:16:50,600 --> 02:16:53,800
PROMOTION OF HEALTHY DIETS IN

3297
02:16:53,800 --> 02:16:56,200
THE U.S. POPULATION, THERE'S A

3298
02:16:56,200 --> 02:16:58,560
POSITIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN

3299
02:16:58,560 --> 02:17:01,400
DIET QUALITY AND CONSUMER-LEVEL

3300
02:17:01,400 --> 02:17:03,360
FOOD WASTE SO AS OUR DIETS ARE

3301
02:17:03,360 --> 02:17:05,080
HEALTH YEAR WE TEND AT THE

3302
02:17:05,080 --> 02:17:06,880
CONSUMER LEVEL TO WASTE MORE AND

3303
02:17:06,880 --> 02:17:10,080
THIS IS BECAUSE HIGH-QUALITY

3304
02:17:10,080 --> 02:17:12,760
DIETS HAVE THINGS LIKE MORE

3305
02:17:12,760 --> 02:17:13,960
PERISHABLE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

3306
02:17:13,960 --> 02:17:16,440
AND HIGHER LEVELS OF FOOD MILK

3307
02:17:16,440 --> 02:17:17,280
CONCEPTION IN THE UNITED STATES,

3308
02:17:17,280 --> 02:17:17,760
ET CETERA.

3309
02:17:17,760 --> 02:17:19,280
THAT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT

3310
02:17:19,280 --> 02:17:20,560
DYNAMIC THAT NEEDS TO BE

3311
02:17:20,560 --> 02:17:23,200
CONSIDERED AS WE TALK ABOUT

3312
02:17:23,200 --> 02:17:24,800
THINGS LIKE TRANSITIONING TO

3313
02:17:24,800 --> 02:17:28,920
HEALTHEALTHIER DIETS AND THESE

3314
02:17:28,920 --> 02:17:33,000
RELATIONSHIPS WITH HOUSEHOLD

3315
02:17:33,000 --> 02:17:35,240
FOOD WASTE AND I'LL TURN IT OVER

3316
02:17:35,240 --> 02:17:43,680
TO PRISCILLA.

3317
02:17:43,680 --> 02:17:46,760
>> HELLO, I'M PRISCILLA
CONNERS

3318
02:17:46,760 --> 02:17:48,720
A ASSOCIATE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

3319
02:17:48,720 --> 02:17:53,120
NORTH TEXAS AND I DO RESEARCH ON

3320
02:17:53,120 --> 02:17:54,560
CONSUMER FOOD CHOICE AND HE DID

3321
02:17:54,560 --> 02:17:57,040
QUITE A BIT ON CONSUMER

3322
02:17:57,040 --> 02:17:59,560
INTERPRETATION OF FOOD LABELS,

3323
02:17:59,560 --> 02:18:02,000
EXPERT LABELS SPECIFICALLY AND

3324
02:18:02,000 --> 02:18:03,200
WHETHER TO HAVE WASTE OF FOOD

3325
02:18:03,200 --> 02:18:04,720
BUT LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT DRIVERS

3326
02:18:04,720 --> 02:18:07,920
OF CONSUMER OR HOUSEHOLD FOOD

3327
02:18:07,920 --> 02:18:08,280
WASTE.

3328
02:18:08,280 --> 02:18:10,840
WHAT IS CONSUMER FOOD WASTE.

3329
02:18:10,840 --> 02:18:12,880
CONSUMER FOOD WASTE IS EDIBLE

3330
02:18:12,880 --> 02:18:14,280
FOOD, APPROPRIATE FOR

3331
02:18:14,280 --> 02:18:16,280
CONSUMPTION, THAT IS DISCARDED

3332
02:18:16,280 --> 02:18:19,360
OR LEFT TO SPOIL REGARDLESS OF

3333
02:18:19,360 --> 02:18:19,960
CAUSE.

3334
02:18:19,960 --> 02:18:22,120
ANOTHER DRIVER OF CONSUMER FOOD

3335
02:18:22,120 --> 02:18:23,640
WASTE IS SHOPPING HABITS.

3336
02:18:23,640 --> 02:18:25,560
SUCH AS PURCHASING TOO MUCH AT

3337
02:18:25,560 --> 02:18:28,360
ONE TIME AND THIS IS OFTEN

3338
02:18:28,360 --> 02:18:30,760
PROVOKED BY BY-ONE-GET-ONE FREE

3339
02:18:30,760 --> 02:18:32,320
OR SHOPPING AT LARGE CHAIN

3340
02:18:32,320 --> 02:18:34,320
GROCERY STORES WHERE YOU BUY A

3341
02:18:34,320 --> 02:18:36,680
LARGER AMOUNT AND YOU MAY NOT

3342
02:18:36,680 --> 02:18:37,840
FIND AN OPPORTUNITY TO USE IT

3343
02:18:37,840 --> 02:18:38,840
WHEN YOU GET HOME.

3344
02:18:38,840 --> 02:18:39,920
LACK OF PLANNING.

3345
02:18:39,920 --> 02:18:42,160
OVER COOKING.

3346
02:18:42,160 --> 02:18:45,440
OVER BUYING, AND NOT USING

3347
02:18:45,440 --> 02:18:46,520
LEFTOVERS EFFECTIVELY.

3348
02:18:46,520 --> 02:18:49,840
SO THAT THEY SIT IN THE

3349
02:18:49,840 --> 02:18:51,520
REFRIGERATOR WITHOUT A PLAN TO

3350
02:18:51,520 --> 02:18:54,000
USE IT TO CREATE A NEW MEAL.

3351
02:18:54,000 --> 02:18:55,760
ALSO PERCEIVED FRESHNESS RELIANT

3352
02:18:55,760 --> 02:18:59,560
OON EXPIRATION DATE LEVELS.

3353
02:18:59,560 --> 02:19:01,840
A MISINTERPRETATION OF THE

3354
02:19:01,840 --> 02:19:03,160
PURPOSE OF A LABEL AND A

3355
02:19:03,160 --> 02:19:04,080
TENDENCY AT THE GROCERY STORE

3356
02:19:04,080 --> 02:19:05,920
AND THE HOME TO DISCARD FOOD

3357
02:19:05,920 --> 02:19:08,600
THAT MIGHT BE EDIBLE AND SAFE

3358
02:19:08,600 --> 02:19:10,920
BUT IT'S APPROACHING THE

3359
02:19:10,920 --> 02:19:13,040
EXPIRATION DATE LABEL TIME AND

3360
02:19:13,040 --> 02:19:23,560
SO THERE'S A FEAR OF THIS WAS

3361
02:19:28,280 --> 02:19:30,120
JUST PUBLISHED ON 2021 AND IT

3362
02:19:30,120 --> 02:19:31,920
SHOWS THEIR RESEARCH THEY DID ON

3363
02:19:31,920 --> 02:19:34,680
A LARGE STUDY OF A NUMBER OF

3364
02:19:34,680 --> 02:19:36,360
REPORTED ARTICLES AND WHAT IS

3365
02:19:36,360 --> 02:19:37,800
PROMPTING FOOD WASTE IN THE

3366
02:19:37,800 --> 02:19:38,480
HOME.

3367
02:19:38,480 --> 02:19:41,840
SOME AREAS I JUST WANT TO POINT

3368
02:19:41,840 --> 02:19:44,400
OUT IS, PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS,

3369
02:19:44,400 --> 02:19:49,200
FOOD WASTE KNOWLEDGE, FOOD WASTE

3370
02:19:49,200 --> 02:19:49,560
INVOLVEMENT.

3371
02:19:49,560 --> 02:19:51,360
DO THEY CARE ABOUT IT?

3372
02:19:51,360 --> 02:19:54,400
IS IT SOMETHING THEY KNOW ABOUT?

3373
02:19:54,400 --> 02:19:56,080
IS IT SOMETHING THEY WANT TO

3374
02:19:56,080 --> 02:19:56,280
REDUCE.

3375
02:19:56,280 --> 02:19:58,160
NORMS HAVE BEEN DISCUSSED

3376
02:19:58,160 --> 02:19:59,480
ELSEWHERE BUT MY FAMILY DOES A

3377
02:19:59,480 --> 02:20:03,560
BIG PART OF THIS AND THEN

3378
02:20:03,560 --> 02:20:06,560
THERE'S SITUATIONAL FACTORS AS

3379
02:20:06,560 --> 02:20:08,800
WELL AS SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS

3380
02:20:08,800 --> 02:20:10,360
AND PART I'M REALLY INTERESTED

3381
02:20:10,360 --> 02:20:12,720
IN IS HOUSEHOLD FOOD WASTE

3382
02:20:12,720 --> 02:20:13,080
JOURNEY.

3383
02:20:13,080 --> 02:20:15,200
AND ON THE HOUSEHOLD FOOD WASTE

3384
02:20:15,200 --> 02:20:17,000
JOURNEY WE CAN LOOK AT PLANNING.

3385
02:20:17,000 --> 02:20:19,760
AND I RECENTLY DID SOME RESEARCH

3386
02:20:19,760 --> 02:20:21,160
WITH YOUNG ADULTS IN TERMS OF

3387
02:20:21,160 --> 02:20:22,840
HOW DID THEY HANDLE FOOD IN THE

3388
02:20:22,840 --> 02:20:24,160
HOME AND ONE THING THAT KEPT

3389
02:20:24,160 --> 02:20:27,040
COMING UP IS, THEIR INTEREST

3390
02:20:27,040 --> 02:20:28,160
LEARNING HOW TO BETTER PLAN WHAT

3391
02:20:28,160 --> 02:20:30,080
IS A MEAL AND HOW SHOULD I PLAN

3392
02:20:30,080 --> 02:20:30,800
FOR IT?

3393
02:20:30,800 --> 02:20:34,320
SO LACK OF PLANNING IS A BIG

3394
02:20:34,320 --> 02:20:38,400
FACTOR AMONG THE PEOPLE THAT I

3395
02:20:38,400 --> 02:20:39,360
INTERVIEWED.

3396
02:20:39,360 --> 02:20:40,880
IN STORE, OVER PURCHASING COMING

3397
02:20:40,880 --> 02:20:43,160
UP OVER AND OVER AGAIN.

3398
02:20:43,160 --> 02:20:44,600
RESPONDING TO SPECIALITIES AND

3399
02:20:44,600 --> 02:20:47,680
DEALS, BUYING TOO MUCH AND

3400
02:20:47,680 --> 02:20:50,800
ACTUALLY ONE OF THE INTERESTING

3401
02:20:50,800 --> 02:20:52,240
ONCE THAT CAME UP IN THIS STUDY

3402
02:20:52,240 --> 02:20:54,240
IS THAT COMMUNICATION AMONG

3403
02:20:54,240 --> 02:20:55,320
HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS.

3404
02:20:55,320 --> 02:20:56,280
ANOTHER INTERESTING ONE I

3405
02:20:56,280 --> 02:20:59,120
THOUGHT WAS ON HERE WAS PRESENCE

3406
02:20:59,120 --> 02:20:59,840
OF CHILDREN.

3407
02:20:59,840 --> 02:21:01,600
YOU MIGHT DO MORE IMPULSIVE

3408
02:21:01,600 --> 02:21:03,040
BUYING IF THE CHILDREN ARE ALONG

3409
02:21:03,040 --> 02:21:10,120
ON YOUR SHOPPING TRIPS.

3410
02:21:10,120 --> 02:21:12,040
IN TERMS OF STORAGE.

3411
02:21:12,040 --> 02:21:12,800
SUBOPTIMAL STORAGE.

3412
02:21:12,800 --> 02:21:14,000
THIS IS A BIG ONE.

3413
02:21:14,000 --> 02:21:15,320
DO PEOPLE REALLY UNDERSTAND AND

3414
02:21:15,320 --> 02:21:16,520
KNOW WHERE TO STORE FOOD IN

3415
02:21:16,520 --> 02:21:17,560
THEIR HOME?

3416
02:21:17,560 --> 02:21:21,040
ONE THING THAT CAME UP IN THIS

3417
02:21:21,040 --> 02:21:23,560
STORY AND HOW PEOPLE KEEP THEIR

3418
02:21:23,560 --> 02:21:24,280
RE FRIGATE OR.

3419
02:21:24,280 --> 02:21:25,520
MAYBE IF IT WAS COLDER THEY

3420
02:21:25,520 --> 02:21:28,000
WOULD HAVE LONGER AND MAYBE

3421
02:21:28,000 --> 02:21:29,520
THERE'S FOOD TO NEEDS TO BE

3422
02:21:29,520 --> 02:21:30,840
REFRIGERATED AND FROZEN WHEN YOU

3423
02:21:30,840 --> 02:21:41,320
BRING IT HOME AND AND COOKING,

3424
02:21:45,400 --> 02:21:46,920
AGAIN, THIS CAME UP AND OUR

3425
02:21:46,920 --> 02:21:49,560
STUDY OF FOOD WASTE AMONG YOUNG

3426
02:21:49,560 --> 02:21:54,760
ADULTS AND THEY DON'T HAVE THE

3427
02:21:54,760 --> 02:22:01,120
CULINARY SKILLS AND CAN I A SUN

3428
02:22:01,120 --> 02:22:03,160
THE IMPULSIVENESS OF A FOOD

3429
02:22:03,160 --> 02:22:09,880
USING SENSORY SKILLS, TASTE,

3430
02:22:09,880 --> 02:22:11,400
APPEARANCE, SMELL AND HOW WOULD

3431
02:22:11,400 --> 02:22:12,360
I DO THAT.

3432
02:22:12,360 --> 02:22:18,640
WHAT DO I DO WITH LEFTOVERS.

3433
02:22:18,640 --> 02:22:20,960
WHAT DO I DO WHEN THERE'S

3434
02:22:20,960 --> 02:22:21,560
SOMETHING LEFTOVER.

3435
02:22:21,560 --> 02:22:23,240
IT SITS IN THE REFRIGERATOR AND

3436
02:22:23,240 --> 02:22:26,080
GOES INTO THE WASTE BIN.

3437
02:22:26,080 --> 02:22:29,520
AND LASTLY, IN TERMS OF FOOD

3438
02:22:29,520 --> 02:22:31,640
WASTE KNOWLEDGE, FOOD WASTE

3439
02:22:31,640 --> 02:22:32,920
PREPARATION IS I'M NOT

3440
02:22:32,920 --> 02:22:34,000
SEPARATING IT OUT I'M THROWING

3441
02:22:34,000 --> 02:22:36,600
IT IN WITH ALL THE OF THE REST.

3442
02:22:36,600 --> 02:22:38,120
THESE ARE DRIVERS OF FOOD WASTE,

3443
02:22:38,120 --> 02:22:40,480
BOTH AT PERSONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL

3444
02:22:40,480 --> 02:22:42,400
SOCIAL LEVEL AND ALSO IN MY

3445
02:22:42,400 --> 02:22:45,080
PRACTICES AND HOUSEHOLD IN TERMS

3446
02:22:45,080 --> 02:22:47,600
OF HOW I PLAN, WHAT I DO IN THE

3447
02:22:47,600 --> 02:22:49,200
STORE, WHAT I DO FOR STORAGE AND

3448
02:22:49,200 --> 02:22:52,760
MY OWN COOKING, BIG AREA HERE,

3449
02:22:52,760 --> 02:22:55,160
AND WHAT WE DO WITH CONSUMPTION

3450
02:22:55,160 --> 02:22:56,920
OF LEFTOVERS OR DO WE WASTE

3451
02:22:56,920 --> 02:22:57,160
THEM?

3452
02:22:57,160 --> 02:23:01,400
THANK YOU, NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.

3453
02:23:01,400 --> 02:23:06,200
AND I THINK I'M TURNING IT OVER

3454
02:23:06,200 --> 02:23:10,960
TO NICOLE.

3455
02:23:10,960 --> 02:23:13,440
>> SURE, I REALIZED I GOT
SO

3456
02:23:13,440 --> 02:23:15,320
EXCITED TO TALK ABOUT FOOD WASTE

3457
02:23:15,320 --> 02:23:16,600
THAT I FAILED TO INTRODUCE

3458
02:23:16,600 --> 02:23:18,280
MYSELF SO I'LL GO AHEAD AND DO

3459
02:23:18,280 --> 02:23:20,480
THAT NOW.

3460
02:23:20,480 --> 02:23:23,200
I'M NICOLE BLACKSTONE FROM THE

3461
02:23:23,200 --> 02:23:24,280
FREED MAN SCHOOL OF NUTRITION

3462
02:23:24,280 --> 02:23:26,240
SCIENCE AND POLICY AT TUFTS

3463
02:23:26,240 --> 02:23:27,920
UNIVERSITY AND MY AREA OF

3464
02:23:27,920 --> 02:23:30,160
RESEARCH IS ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL

3465
02:23:30,160 --> 02:23:31,600
AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

3466
02:23:31,600 --> 02:23:33,000
FOOD SYSTEMS.

3467
02:23:33,000 --> 02:23:37,080
SO, COMING BACK TO FOOD WASTE,

3468
02:23:37,080 --> 02:23:39,040
WE STARTED A PRELIMINARY

3469
02:23:39,040 --> 02:23:41,280
LITERATURE REVIEW FOR THE

3470
02:23:41,280 --> 02:23:43,120
WORKING GROUP AND WANTED TO POSE

3471
02:23:43,120 --> 02:23:44,840
A FEW QUESTIONS IN THIS AREA

3472
02:23:44,840 --> 02:23:46,440
THAT WE THINK MIGHT BE FRUITFUL

3473
02:23:46,440 --> 02:23:47,480
TO EXPLORE.

3474
02:23:47,480 --> 02:23:50,680
SO, THE FIRST SET OF QUESTIONS

3475
02:23:50,680 --> 02:23:52,720
IS AROUND WHETHER KNOWLEDGE OR

3476
02:23:52,720 --> 02:23:54,960
VALUES CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL

3477
02:23:54,960 --> 02:23:56,520
CHANGE INFLUENCE CONSUMER FOOD

3478
02:23:56,520 --> 02:23:58,080
WASTE PATTERNS AND WE'RE

3479
02:23:58,080 --> 02:23:59,360
THINKING ABOUT THIS WE THOUGHT

3480
02:23:59,360 --> 02:24:01,760
YOU KNOW, MAYBE THERE ARE TWO

3481
02:24:01,760 --> 02:24:03,280
SEPARATE PATHWAYS AND LITERATURE

3482
02:24:03,280 --> 02:24:06,120
THAT WE COULD EXPLORE SO, HOW

3483
02:24:06,120 --> 02:24:08,600
MIGHT KNOWLEDGE OR VALUES LEAD

3484
02:24:08,600 --> 02:24:10,960
TO BEHAVIOR THAT END UP WITH

3485
02:24:10,960 --> 02:24:13,320
CONSUMERS REDUCING THE AMOUNT

3486
02:24:13,320 --> 02:24:16,400
THAT THEY WASTE IN THE HOUSEHOLD

3487
02:24:16,400 --> 02:24:17,560
SO ACTUALLY "LINCOLN," AS

3488
02:24:17,560 --> 02:24:19,360
PRISCILLA WAS SAYING A MAYBE

3489
02:24:19,360 --> 02:24:20,720
PLANNING BETTER AND BUYING LESS,

3490
02:24:20,720 --> 02:24:22,520
ET CETERA AND IN WAYS THAT LEAD

3491
02:24:22,520 --> 02:24:24,960
TO ABSOLUTE REDUCTIONS IN WASTE

3492
02:24:24,960 --> 02:24:27,120
AMOUNTS AND THEN SECOND, HOW

3493
02:24:27,120 --> 02:24:29,240
MIGHT A CHANGE IN KNOWLEDGE OR

3494
02:24:29,240 --> 02:24:31,720
VALUES AROUND CLIMATE AND

3495
02:24:31,720 --> 02:24:32,960
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE LEAD TO

3496
02:24:32,960 --> 02:24:34,880
CONSUMERS MANAGING WASTE

3497
02:24:34,880 --> 02:24:37,560
DIFFERENTLY SO, PERHAPS

3498
02:24:37,560 --> 02:24:39,360
CONSUMERS HAVE A CLIMATE

3499
02:24:39,360 --> 02:24:41,120
AWARENESS AND THEN YOU KNOW,

3500
02:24:41,120 --> 02:24:43,600
SIGN UP FOR A CURBSIDE

3501
02:24:43,600 --> 02:24:44,240
COMPOSTING SERVICE OR SOMETHING

3502
02:24:44,240 --> 02:24:46,240
OF THAT NATURE SO MAYBE THEY

3503
02:24:46,240 --> 02:24:48,120
LEARN TO, OR THEY CHOSE TO

3504
02:24:48,120 --> 02:24:51,000
MANAGE WASTE DIFFERENTLY.

3505
02:24:51,000 --> 02:24:55,120
THERE'S A SMALL BODY OF RESEARCH

3506
02:24:55,120 --> 02:24:56,880
I BELIEVE THAT LOOKS AT THIS

3507
02:24:56,880 --> 02:25:00,760
SORT OF HALO EFFECT OF IF A

3508
02:25:00,760 --> 02:25:02,240
CONSUMER KNOWS THEY CAN COMPOST

3509
02:25:02,240 --> 02:25:03,640
FOOD WASTE INSTEAD OF LANDFILL

3510
02:25:03,640 --> 02:25:07,320
IT THAT IT MAY ACTUALLY REDUCE

3511
02:25:07,320 --> 02:25:11,800
THE DESIRE OR THE MOTIVATION TO

3512
02:25:11,800 --> 02:25:12,480
WASTE LESS.

3513
02:25:12,480 --> 02:25:13,560
THERE'S AN INTERESTING DYNAMIC

3514
02:25:13,560 --> 02:25:17,280
HERE THAT I THINK WE CAN EXPLORE

3515
02:25:17,280 --> 02:25:22,200
IN THE WORKING GROUP AND THE

3516
02:25:22,200 --> 02:25:23,840
EVIDENCE REVIEW THUS FAR WE

3517
02:25:23,840 --> 02:25:26,040
FOUND THAT THERE DOES SEEM TO BE

3518
02:25:26,040 --> 02:25:27,440
EVIDENCE OF AN ATTITUDES

3519
02:25:27,440 --> 02:25:32,720
BEHAVIOR GAP IN THIS SPACE WHERE

3520
02:25:32,720 --> 02:25:34,280
SOME CONSUMERS INDICATE THEY'RE

3521
02:25:34,280 --> 02:25:38,240
CONCERNED ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT

3522
02:25:38,240 --> 02:25:40,680
OR CONCERNED ABOUT CLAIM AT BUT

3523
02:25:40,680 --> 02:25:44,040
IT DOESN'T TRANSLATE INTO

3524
02:25:44,040 --> 02:25:48,440
DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS BUT THERE

3525
02:25:48,440 --> 02:25:52,880
MAY ALSO BE INTERVENTIONS IN

3526
02:25:52,880 --> 02:25:54,200
THAT SPACE TO ADDRESS THE

3527
02:25:54,200 --> 02:25:57,920
ATTITUDE BEHAVIOR GAP.

3528
02:25:57,920 --> 02:25:58,600
NEXT SLIDE.

3529
02:25:58,600 --> 02:26:01,520
AND THEN, FINALLY, THIS ONE IS,

3530
02:26:01,520 --> 02:26:04,880
I DON'T THINK IN PRISCILLA OR

3531
02:26:04,880 --> 02:26:07,720
I'S WHEEL HOUSE BUT WE WANTED TO

3532
02:26:07,720 --> 02:26:09,320
THROW IT OUT THERE AS A

3533
02:26:09,320 --> 02:26:10,720
POTENTIAL OF AREA OF FOCUS AND

3534
02:26:10,720 --> 02:26:12,640
MAYBE IF THE WORKING GROUP

3535
02:26:12,640 --> 02:26:13,880
AGREES THIS IS INTERESTING MAYBE

3536
02:26:13,880 --> 02:26:15,840
WE CAN TRY TO LINK IN ANOTHER

3537
02:26:15,840 --> 02:26:17,080
EXPERT WHO HAS MORE EXPERIENCE

3538
02:26:17,080 --> 02:26:20,440
IN THIS SPACE AND THESE ARE

3539
02:26:20,440 --> 02:26:23,120
QUESTIONS AROUND HOW DOES IT

3540
02:26:23,120 --> 02:26:25,400
INFLUENCE HOME FOOD STORAGE AND

3541
02:26:25,400 --> 02:26:26,680
WHICH GENE TALKED A LITTLE BIT

3542
02:26:26,680 --> 02:26:30,840
WITH IT AND LOSS AND WASTE AND

3543
02:26:30,840 --> 02:26:31,800
HOW TO COULD CHANGE IN THE

3544
02:26:31,800 --> 02:26:33,240
FUTURE SO THINKING ABOUT SOME

3545
02:26:33,240 --> 02:26:37,040
PATHWAYS WE CAN EXPLORE HERE.

3546
02:26:37,040 --> 02:26:37,600
IN THE FUTURE AND PRESENTLY

3547
02:26:37,600 --> 02:26:39,280
RIGHT WITH RISING TEMPERATURES

3548
02:26:39,280 --> 02:26:41,560
FROM CLIMB AND IT MAY LEED TO

3549
02:26:41,560 --> 02:26:44,560
INCREASED ENERGY DEMAND FOR

3550
02:26:44,560 --> 02:26:48,160
COOLING AND STORING FOOD AT HOME

3551
02:26:48,160 --> 02:26:58,680
AND THIS WOULD IT'S REALLY HOT I

3552
02:27:16,120 --> 02:27:17,800
DON'T WANT TO USE MY STOVE.

3553
02:27:17,800 --> 02:27:19,040
I'LL CHANGE HOW I TOOK.

3554
02:27:19,040 --> 02:27:21,440
THESE ARE MENTIONED IN THE OTHER

3555
02:27:21,440 --> 02:27:32,000
WORKING GROUP PRESENTATIONS AND

3556
02:27:37,440 --> 02:27:39,880
AND I THINK THAT'S ALL WE HAVE

3557
02:27:39,880 --> 02:27:47,120
ON FOOD PASTE.

3558
02:27:47,120 --> 02:27:48,680
CAN YOU GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE,

3559
02:27:48,680 --> 02:27:48,920
PLEASE.

3560
02:27:48,920 --> 02:27:50,680
>> YEAH, SO THANK YOU TO
ALL

3561
02:27:50,680 --> 02:27:53,680
WORKING GROUP MEMBERS FOR THOSE

3562
02:27:53,680 --> 02:27:54,400
REALLY INTERESTING

3563
02:27:54,400 --> 02:27:54,760
PRESENTATIONS.

3564
02:27:54,760 --> 02:27:58,800
I FEEL LIKE WE COULD HAVE HAD

3565
02:27:58,800 --> 02:27:59,800
SEVERAL HOUR LONG DISCUSSION OR

3566
02:27:59,800 --> 02:28:00,920
WORKSHOP ON ANY ONE OF THOSE AND

3567
02:28:00,920 --> 02:28:04,640
WE WOULD LOVE TO KAREN, DO YOU

3568
02:28:04,640 --> 02:28:06,040
HAVE ANY THOUGHTS BEFORE WE JUMP

3569
02:28:06,040 --> 02:28:06,400
INTO DISCUSSION?

3570
02:28:06,400 --> 02:28:07,880
>> I AGREE THOSE ARE GREAT

3571
02:28:07,880 --> 02:28:08,720
PRESENTATIONS ASK THANK YOU SO

3572
02:28:08,720 --> 02:28:11,320
EVERYONE FOR PUTTING THOSE

3573
02:28:11,320 --> 02:28:12,160
TOGETHER.

3574
02:28:12,160 --> 02:28:13,960
SO NOW WE WOULD LOVE TO OPEN OUR

3575
02:28:13,960 --> 02:28:17,800
LAST, WE HAVE ABOUT 18 MINUTES

3576
02:28:17,800 --> 02:28:19,120
LEFT AND WE HAD QUESTIONS THAT

3577
02:28:19,120 --> 02:28:23,320
WE POSED HERE AND TO GET US

3578
02:28:23,320 --> 02:28:27,560
STARTED AND WE WANT TO HEAR

3579
02:28:27,560 --> 02:28:29,320
FEEDBACK ON OUR OTHER RESEARCH

3580
02:28:29,320 --> 02:28:33,000
GAPS WE SHOULD ADD?

3581
02:28:33,000 --> 02:28:43,040
>>

3582
02:28:48,920 --> 02:28:52,480
>> YES, DAN.

3583
02:28:52,480 --> 02:28:54,920
>> THANK YOU FOR THAT.

3584
02:28:54,920 --> 02:28:56,960
THAT WAS JUST A STELLAR SET OF

3585
02:28:56,960 --> 02:28:59,320
PRESENTATIONS AND REALLY SORT OF

3586
02:28:59,320 --> 02:29:01,560
HIGHLIGHTED THE VALUE OF THE

3587
02:29:01,560 --> 02:29:02,760
ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ENCUMBERED

3588
02:29:02,760 --> 02:29:05,000
BOTH IN THE INCERTAINAL

3589
02:29:05,000 --> 02:29:06,760
ENVIRONMENTS AND IN TERMS OF

3590
02:29:06,760 --> 02:29:10,520
TASTE PREFERENCES AND ET CETERA.

3591
02:29:10,520 --> 02:29:12,400
AS WELL AS THE EXTERNAL FACTORS.

3592
02:29:12,400 --> 02:29:21,440
I'M WONDERING, GIVEN THE WHEN

3593
02:29:21,440 --> 02:29:26,880
THIS IS PART OF THE PROCESS AND

3594
02:29:26,880 --> 02:29:30,400
PARALLEL AND RACY MISSION AND

3595
02:29:30,400 --> 02:29:32,080
PREVIOUS DYING AND I'M WONDERING

3596
02:29:32,080 --> 02:29:35,920
IF YOU GUYS WANT TO TAKE ON

3597
02:29:35,920 --> 02:29:38,160
DIFFERENCES AND IN DIETARY

3598
02:29:38,160 --> 02:29:41,000
PATTERNS IN THE CONTEXT AND REAL

3599
02:29:41,000 --> 02:29:43,200
FOUR PRIMARY PATTERNS THAT ARE

3600
02:29:43,200 --> 02:29:45,200
THE FOCUS OF DIE TAR TEE

3601
02:29:45,200 --> 02:29:46,480
GUIDELINES AND IS THAT SOMETHING

3602
02:29:46,480 --> 02:29:49,680
WORTH CONSIDERING?

3603
02:29:49,680 --> 02:29:54,000
>>

3604
02:29:54,000 --> 02:29:55,440
>> CAN YOU SAY THAT AGAIN?

3605
02:29:55,440 --> 02:29:58,840
>> SORRY.

3606
02:29:58,840 --> 02:30:01,240
>> LET'S FOCUS ON DIETARY

3607
02:30:01,240 --> 02:30:03,280
PATTERNS IN THE DIETARY

3608
02:30:03,280 --> 02:30:04,760
GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS

3609
02:30:04,760 --> 02:30:06,440
PROCESSING THEIR THREE OR FOUR

3610
02:30:06,440 --> 02:30:08,120
PATTERNS THAT THEY'RE

3611
02:30:08,120 --> 02:30:09,680
HIGHLIGHTING AND I'M WONDERING

3612
02:30:09,680 --> 02:30:12,040
IF THE THINGS THAT YOU'VE

3613
02:30:12,040 --> 02:30:13,440
DISCUSSED TODAY MIGHT BE

3614
02:30:13,440 --> 02:30:15,560
CONSIDERING THE CONTEXT AND

3615
02:30:15,560 --> 02:30:21,840
THOSE NOT PATTERNS.

3616
02:30:21,840 --> 02:30:23,960
>> I THINK IT WOULD TAKE A

3617
02:30:23,960 --> 02:30:25,280
SEPARATE COMMITTEE BECAUSE THE

3618
02:30:25,280 --> 02:30:27,440
COMMITTEE IS USUALLY 20 TO 25

3619
02:30:27,440 --> 02:30:30,120
NUTRITION EXPERTS TRYING TO

3620
02:30:30,120 --> 02:30:33,400
SYNTHESIZE THE NUTRITION DATA

3621
02:30:33,400 --> 02:30:36,000
MOST HAVE LITTLE KNOWLEDGE ON

3622
02:30:36,000 --> 02:30:37,280
SUSTAINABILITY AND ARE NOT

3623
02:30:37,280 --> 02:30:38,760
EXPERTS QUIT TO MAKE

3624
02:30:38,760 --> 02:30:49,240
RECOMMENDATIONS ON THAT AND AS

3625
02:31:20,400 --> 02:31:21,600
EXEMPLAR OF HOW THESE

3626
02:31:21,600 --> 02:31:23,160
RELATIONSHIPS MIGHT WORK AND I'M

3627
02:31:23,160 --> 02:31:25,200
NOT SUGGESTING WE MAKE

3628
02:31:25,200 --> 02:31:26,120
RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT THOSE

3629
02:31:26,120 --> 02:31:28,000
PATTERNS AND I'M JUST SUGGESTING

3630
02:31:28,000 --> 02:31:33,240
THAT IF THERE'S A CHANGE TO

3631
02:31:33,240 --> 02:31:34,400
PEOPLE MAKING DECISIONS ABOUT

3632
02:31:34,400 --> 02:31:36,200
THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET OR ANY

3633
02:31:36,200 --> 02:31:38,240
OTHER OF THE CHOICES THAT IN THE

3634
02:31:38,240 --> 02:31:40,560
TIMES THAT ARE BEING CONSIDERED.

3635
02:31:40,560 --> 02:31:42,360
CAN BE DOCUMENTED THOSE?

3636
02:31:42,360 --> 02:31:45,280
>> SO I HAVE BEEN PART OF

3637
02:31:45,280 --> 02:31:48,200
MULTIPLE REVIEW EFFORTS ONE OF

3638
02:31:48,200 --> 02:31:50,360
WHICH IS A REVIEW PUBLISHED TWO

3639
02:31:50,360 --> 02:31:51,960
I THINK WE PUBLISHED IT TWO

3640
02:31:51,960 --> 02:31:57,600
YEARS AGO AND WE LOOKED AT THE

3641
02:31:57,600 --> 02:32:03,040
ENVIRONMENTAL, THE VILE ABLE

3642
02:32:03,040 --> 02:32:05,040
LITERATUREN THE SUSTAINABILITY

3643
02:32:05,040 --> 02:32:07,400
IMPACTS OF THE EGA PATTERNS AND

3644
02:32:07,400 --> 02:32:09,040
IT'S ACTUALLY AN AREA OF CURRENT

3645
02:32:09,040 --> 02:32:14,080
WORK FOR ME SO, IF THAT IS OF

3646
02:32:14,080 --> 02:32:16,480
INTEREST, LIKE LINDSEY AND WE

3647
02:32:16,480 --> 02:32:20,240
COULD TALK ABOUT HOW WE MIGHT

3648
02:32:20,240 --> 02:32:20,880
INCOMPETENT GREAT SOMETHING LIKE

3649
02:32:20,880 --> 02:32:21,640
THAT.

3650
02:32:21,640 --> 02:32:22,600
IN ALIGNMENT WITH THE WAY THAT

3651
02:32:22,600 --> 02:32:27,080
THE FRAMEWORK HAS BEEN PUT

3652
02:32:27,080 --> 02:32:30,560
TOGETHER BECAUSE I THINK THAT WE

3653
02:32:30,560 --> 02:32:31,800
DEFINITELY HAVE DATA ON THAT AND

3654
02:32:31,800 --> 02:32:33,280
I DON'T THINK IT WOULD BE IN

3655
02:32:33,280 --> 02:32:34,840
SCOPE, I AGREE WITH REAGAN THAT

3656
02:32:34,840 --> 02:32:36,840
THERE'S LIKE, ADDITIONAL WORK

3657
02:32:36,840 --> 02:32:38,880
THAT NEEDS TO BE DONE AND WE

3658
02:32:38,880 --> 02:32:44,080
COULDN'T DO A NEW REVIEW RE, BUT

3659
02:32:44,080 --> 02:32:45,600
WOULD BE POSSIBLE TO REVIEW

3660
02:32:45,600 --> 02:32:46,760
WHAT'S BEEN DONE AND THERE'S A

3661
02:32:46,760 --> 02:32:48,320
LOT OF REVIEWS WE CAN PULL IN

3662
02:32:48,320 --> 02:32:51,760
SUCH THAT WE WOULDN'T HAVE TO DO

3663
02:32:51,760 --> 02:32:52,800
OUR OWN COACHING REVIEW ASK WE

3664
02:32:52,800 --> 02:32:54,120
CAN TALK ABOUT THE STRATEGY.

3665
02:32:54,120 --> 02:32:55,560
>> WE'RE NOT LOOKING TO
PICK

3666
02:32:55,560 --> 02:32:56,360
WINNERS AND LOSERS HERE.

3667
02:32:56,360 --> 02:32:57,280
>> FOR SURE.

3668
02:32:57,280 --> 02:32:59,800
>> JUST TRYING TO EXPLORE
THE

3669
02:32:59,800 --> 02:33:02,240
EVIDENCE TO SEE IF WE HAVE ANY

3670
02:33:02,240 --> 02:33:05,000
EVIDENCE AND EXTEND EVIDENCE TO

3671
02:33:05,000 --> 02:33:08,840
INDICATE THAT CHOICES ARE

3672
02:33:08,840 --> 02:33:30,480
CHANGING.

3673
02:33:30,480 --> 02:33:32,320
AND THEY REFLECT THE COMMENT

3674
02:33:32,320 --> 02:33:34,000
PLEX TEE OF THE TOTAL DIET AND

3675
02:33:34,000 --> 02:33:35,840
WE'RE THINKING ABOUT CONSUMERS

3676
02:33:35,840 --> 02:33:37,000
MAKING CHOICES AND I'M NOT SURE

3677
02:33:37,000 --> 02:33:39,200
TO THE EXTENT TO WHICH CONSUMERS

3678
02:33:39,200 --> 02:33:40,480
ARE THINKING ABOUT IN THEIR

3679
02:33:40,480 --> 02:33:41,800
HEADS, LIKE OH THIS GOES WITH

3680
02:33:41,800 --> 02:33:43,680
THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET OR

3681
02:33:43,680 --> 02:33:45,240
THEY'RE JUST THINKING ABOUT THAT

3682
02:33:45,240 --> 02:33:46,760
SPECIFIC GROUP AND LIKE THEY MAY

3683
02:33:46,760 --> 02:33:48,960
BE THINKING ABOUT IT WITH

3684
02:33:48,960 --> 02:33:52,720
REGARDS TO ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS

3685
02:33:52,720 --> 02:33:54,560
FOR EXAMPLE AND SO, I MEAN, I

3686
02:33:54,560 --> 02:33:57,280
THINK IT'S REALLY INTERESTING.

3687
02:33:57,280 --> 02:34:00,560
I'M NOT SURE HOW WE WOULD DO IT

3688
02:34:00,560 --> 02:34:00,760
HERE?

3689
02:34:00,760 --> 02:34:02,120
NICOLE IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU HAVE

3690
02:34:02,120 --> 02:34:10,440
SOME IDEAS ALREADY.

3691
02:34:10,440 --> 02:34:13,480
>> YEAH, I AGREE WITH THE

3692
02:34:13,480 --> 02:34:15,640
CONSUMERS MAY NOT KNOW WHAT

3693
02:34:15,640 --> 02:34:17,240
PATTERNS THEY'RE FALLING BUT CAN

3694
02:34:17,240 --> 02:34:18,680
WE LOOK AT FOODS WITHIN THE

3695
02:34:18,680 --> 02:34:29,240
DIETARY PATTERNS AND SEE IT THAT

3696
02:34:31,760 --> 02:34:32,040
WAY.

3697
02:34:32,040 --> 02:34:33,440
THIS MIGHT BE ONE WAY THAT YOU

3698
02:34:33,440 --> 02:34:35,680
GUYS CAN DO A PLY CASE STUDY

3699
02:34:35,680 --> 02:34:38,040
APPROACH AND A LYING YOUR

3700
02:34:38,040 --> 02:34:39,360
FRAMEWORK AND LOOKING AT IT IN

3701
02:34:39,360 --> 02:34:42,200
THE CONTEXT OF THESE TYPES OF

3702
02:34:42,200 --> 02:34:44,080
DIETARY PATTERNS.

3703
02:34:44,080 --> 02:34:45,520
IT'S JUST A THOUGHT, I'M NOT

3704
02:34:45,520 --> 02:34:48,320
LOOKING TO MAKE MORE WORK, IT'S

3705
02:34:48,320 --> 02:34:50,000
JUST WANT TO PUT IT INTO A

3706
02:34:50,000 --> 02:35:00,520
CONTEXT THAT MIGHT BE USEFUL.

3707
02:35:24,320 --> 02:35:27,280
ANYONE FROM WORKING GROUP THREE,

3708
02:35:27,280 --> 02:35:34,640
FOUR OR FIVE?

3709
02:35:34,640 --> 02:35:36,760
>> GREAT, ALL RIGHT.

3710
02:35:36,760 --> 02:35:40,200
WELL, WE'LL TAKE THAT AS A TEST

3711
02:35:40,200 --> 02:35:42,440
ENDORSEMENT THAT WE'RE ON THE

3712
02:35:42,440 --> 02:35:43,400
RIGHT TRACK.

3713
02:35:43,400 --> 02:35:49,720
>> NO QUESTION ABOUT THAT.

3714
02:35:49,720 --> 02:35:51,360
>> DAN, DO YOU HAVE ANY
FINAL

3715
02:35:51,360 --> 02:35:52,320
WORDS IF ANYONE ELSE HAS

3716
02:35:52,320 --> 02:35:52,960
ANYTHING TO ADD?

3717
02:35:52,960 --> 02:35:54,600
>> IS DREW STILL ON THE
CALL?

3718
02:35:54,600 --> 02:35:56,240
>> I AM.

3719
02:35:56,240 --> 02:35:58,480
THIS IS BEEN GREAT, GUYS.

3720
02:35:58,480 --> 02:36:00,800
ABSOLUTELY FANTASTIC.

3721
02:36:00,800 --> 02:36:02,560
>> ALL RIGHT.

3722
02:36:02,560 --> 02:36:09,640
AND ALISON STYMER.

3723
02:36:09,640 --> 02:36:12,240
ARE YOU STILL ON THE CALL?

3724
02:36:12,240 --> 02:36:15,080
>> SHE HAD TO STEP AWAY
AND SHE

3725
02:36:15,080 --> 02:36:16,560
MIGHT STILL BE OUT.

3726
02:36:16,560 --> 02:36:17,560
>> OKAY.

3727
02:36:17,560 --> 02:36:20,200
>> ALL RIGHT.

3728
02:36:20,200 --> 02:36:24,080
WELL, ALL I CAN DO IS REINFORCE

3729
02:36:24,080 --> 02:36:25,640
THE NOTION THIS WAS EXACTLY SPOT

3730
02:36:25,640 --> 02:36:27,520
ON AND YOU GUYS ARE GOING

3731
02:36:27,520 --> 02:36:29,760
EXACTLY THE RIGHT DIRECTION AND

3732
02:36:29,760 --> 02:36:31,640
IT'S TREMENDOUSLY INFORMATIVE

3733
02:36:31,640 --> 02:36:33,440
AND IT'S GOING TO BE A

3734
02:36:33,440 --> 02:36:37,000
TREMENDOUS CONTRIBUTION TO THE

3735
02:36:37,000 --> 02:36:37,880
PROCESS.

3736
02:36:37,880 --> 02:36:40,720
WITH REGARD TO THE COMMENTS JANE

3737
02:36:40,720 --> 02:36:43,080
MADE WITH CONSUMER CONFUSION, I

3738
02:36:43,080 --> 02:36:47,680
DO THINK IT'S IMPORTANT THAT WE

3739
02:36:47,680 --> 02:36:49,400
HE WILL BELLISH THE OPPORTUNITY

3740
02:36:49,400 --> 02:36:52,400
TO BE BE CLEAR ABOUT OUR

3741
02:36:52,400 --> 02:36:54,960
TERMINOLOGY AND REAND WHAT WE'RE

3742
02:36:54,960 --> 02:36:55,440
TALKING ABOUT.

3743
02:36:55,440 --> 02:36:57,120
WE DON'T HAVE TO MAKE

3744
02:36:57,120 --> 02:36:57,840
RECOMMENDATIONS, FOR EXAMPLE,

3745
02:36:57,840 --> 02:37:00,840
BUT YOU KNOW YOU NEED TO USE GAS

3746
02:37:00,840 --> 02:37:02,560
STOVE OR INDUCTION STOVE.

3747
02:37:02,560 --> 02:37:04,240
WE SHOULD BE CLEAR IN PRESENTING

3748
02:37:04,240 --> 02:37:06,360
THE ISSUES SO THAT ANYBODY THAT

3749
02:37:06,360 --> 02:37:07,840
READS THIS COMES AWAY

3750
02:37:07,840 --> 02:37:09,400
UNDERSTANDING AT LEAST WHAT THE

3751
02:37:09,400 --> 02:37:10,480
QUESTION IS.

3752
02:37:10,480 --> 02:37:12,600
EX AND SO THAT'S AN IMPORTANT

3753
02:37:12,600 --> 02:37:14,840
OPPORTUNITY FOR US.

3754
02:37:14,840 --> 02:37:17,160
I'M GRATEFUL FOR EVERYBODY'S

3755
02:37:17,160 --> 02:37:19,640
EFFORTS HERE.

3756
02:37:19,640 --> 02:37:21,200
WE IN THE SECRETARY ARE HERE TO

3757
02:37:21,200 --> 02:37:22,720
SUPPORT YOU AND IF ANYBODY HAS

3758
02:37:22,720 --> 02:37:28,920
ANY QUESTIONS, MOVING FORWARD,

3759
02:37:28,920 --> 02:37:30,040
WE'RE HAPPY TO ANSWER THEM.

3760
02:37:30,040 --> 02:37:31,200
THIS SESSION IS RECORDED AND

3761
02:37:31,200 --> 02:37:33,840
WILL BE AVAILABLE TO YOU GUYS.

3762
02:37:33,840 --> 02:37:34,920
HOPEFULLY WE'LL HAVE AN

3763
02:37:34,920 --> 02:37:36,560
OPPORTUNITY TO INTER AGENT MORE

3764
02:37:36,560 --> 02:37:38,080
CLOSELY AT LEAST THE WORKING

3765
02:37:38,080 --> 02:37:40,680
GROUP CHAIRS WILL INTERACT MORE

3766
02:37:40,680 --> 02:37:43,400
CLOSELY TO MAKE SURE WE'RE ALL

3767
02:37:43,400 --> 02:37:45,640
MOVING IN THE SAME DIRECTION.

3768
02:37:45,640 --> 02:37:48,320
WITH THAT, I THINK WE CAN CLOSE

3769
02:37:48,320 --> 02:37:50,960
OUR NEXT SESSION IS ON THE

3770
02:37:50,960 --> 02:37:52,920
27th, WORKING GROUP THREE.

3771
02:37:52,920 --> 02:37:54,560
AND WE'LL FOCUS ON FOOD SYSTEMS

3772
02:37:54,560 --> 02:37:56,320
AND I'M SURE THAT IT WILL BE A

3773
02:37:56,320 --> 02:37:58,000
GREAT INTEREST TO EVERYBODY.

3774
02:37:58,000 --> 02:38:03,200
TO THOSE OF TH OF YOU THAT HAVED

3775
02:38:03,200 --> 02:38:04,960
US ON THE OUTSIDE PLATFORM, THE

3776
02:38:04,960 --> 02:38:07,560
OTHER PLATFORM, THANK YOU FOR

3777
02:38:07,560 --> 02:38:09,560
YOUR NOT WILLINGNESS TO LISTEN

3778
02:38:09,560 --> 02:38:11,960
IN AND WE'RE HAPPY TO ANSWER

3779
02:38:11,960 --> 02:38:18,360
QUESTIONS THAT YOU MAY HAVE AND

3780
02:38:18,360 --> 02:38:19,920
WE'LL SEE YOU AT THE NEXT

3781
02:38:19,920 --> 02:38:20,200
WORKSHOP.

3782
02:38:20,200 --> 00:00:00,000
THANK YOU, EVERYBODY.