1 00:00:08,440 --> 00:00:09,720 >> THOSE AROUND THE TABLE WITH 2 00:00:09,720 --> 00:00:12,360 US AND I KNOW IT IS 3 00:00:12,360 --> 00:00:13,760 EARLY-MORNING BUT ALSO TAKE 4 00:00:13,760 --> 00:00:29,360 THE TIME TO. 5 00:00:29,360 --> 00:00:33,440 -- AND THEN TOMORROW FROM NINE 6 00:00:33,440 --> 00:00:37,240 TO ABOUT 2:30 P.M. EARN 7 00:00:37,240 --> 00:00:41,520 EASTERN TIME. 8 00:00:41,520 --> 00:00:43,160 WE WILL RECORD BOTH MEETINGS. 9 00:00:43,160 --> 00:00:44,800 THE NEXT COUPLE OF DAYS WILL 10 00:00:44,800 --> 00:00:45,560 BE VERY FULL. 11 00:00:45,560 --> 00:00:49,320 IT IS A VERY, VERY FULL AGENDA 12 00:00:49,320 --> 00:00:50,960 AND WE WILL DO OUR VERY BEST 13 00:00:50,960 --> 00:00:54,840 TO STAY ON TIME SO I HAVE 14 00:00:54,840 --> 00:00:59,120 ASKED THE ACTING PRINCIPLE 15 00:00:59,120 --> 00:01:09,240 DEPUTY DIRECTOR TO KEEP US ON 16 00:01:09,240 --> 00:01:10,400 TIME AND BEQUEATH -- 17 00:01:10,400 --> 00:01:12,840 >> I FEEL VERY EMPOWERED. 18 00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:13,200 [LAUGHTER] 19 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:14,920 SO JUST A REMINDER, THE 20 00:01:14,920 --> 00:01:17,400 MEETING IS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC 21 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:18,840 INCLUDING MEMBERS OF THE 22 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:19,160 PRESS. 23 00:01:19,160 --> 00:01:22,840 OBVIOUSLY WE ARE IN A HYBRID 24 00:01:22,840 --> 00:01:24,920 FORMAT WHERE IT IS THE WEBCAST 25 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:30,480 FOR SOME OF US -- AND SOME OF 26 00:01:30,480 --> 00:01:32,000 US ARE IN THE ROOM. 27 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:32,960 THE MATERIALS WILL BE POSTED 28 00:01:32,960 --> 00:01:35,200 TO THE WEBSITE SHORTLY AFTER 29 00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:37,880 THE MEETING AND THIS MEETING 30 00:01:37,880 --> 00:01:40,160 WAS ANNOUNCED IN THE FEDERAL 31 00:01:40,160 --> 00:01:42,240 REGISTER ON NOVEMBER 22, 2022. 32 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:45,400 OF NOTE WE DID RECEIVE PUBLIC 33 00:01:45,400 --> 00:01:49,040 COMMENT WHICH MEMBERS GO 34 00:01:49,040 --> 00:01:51,400 REVIEW ON THE FILE SIGHT AND 35 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:55,440 THE LINK I THINK WE SENT 36 00:01:55,440 --> 00:01:56,360 EARLIER THIS MORNING. 37 00:01:56,360 --> 00:01:58,400 DIRECTORS AND PRESENTERS ARE 38 00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:01,280 USING A HYBRID FORMAT HERE AND 39 00:02:01,280 --> 00:02:03,120 ON ZOOM FOR THE ACTIVITIES THE 40 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:04,760 NEXT TWO DAYS SO WE'RE ASKING 41 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:07,720 FOLKS TO KIND OF FACILITATE 42 00:02:07,720 --> 00:02:10,680 THE DISCUSSION SO RAISE YOUR 43 00:02:10,680 --> 00:02:11,480 HAND VIRTUALLY BOTH THOSE HERE 44 00:02:11,480 --> 00:02:13,880 IN THE ROOM AND ONLINE. 45 00:02:13,880 --> 00:02:16,320 IF YOU WANT TO RAISE YOUR HAND 46 00:02:16,320 --> 00:02:18,080 IN THE ROOM, THAT IS FINE TOO 47 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:21,120 BUT WE'LL TRY TO KEEP TRACK OF 48 00:02:21,120 --> 00:02:24,680 THE ORDER BY USING THE VIRTUAL 49 00:02:24,680 --> 00:02:25,480 HAND AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE IF 50 00:02:25,480 --> 00:02:29,800 YOU HAVE A QUESTION OR WANT TO 51 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:32,800 MAKE A COMMENT. 52 00:02:32,800 --> 00:02:34,800 SO WHEN A MEMBER WISHES TO 53 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:36,800 MAKE COMMENT, WE ASK YOU TURN 54 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:38,280 ON YOUR VIDEO AND MIC IF YOU 55 00:02:38,280 --> 00:02:41,600 CAN SO WE CAN SEE YOU AND YOUR 56 00:02:41,600 --> 00:02:42,800 SMILING FACES BECAUSE WE ARE 57 00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:46,560 RECORDING THIS AND IT WILL BE 58 00:02:46,560 --> 00:02:49,400 HELPFUL FOR THE RECORDING. 59 00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:50,040 >> OKAY, GREAT. 60 00:02:50,040 --> 00:02:52,600 WE HAVE IN ADDITION TO MEMBERS 61 00:02:52,600 --> 00:02:54,440 OF THE ACD COMMITTEE, MEMBERS 62 00:02:54,440 --> 00:02:55,520 OF OUR EXECUTIVE TEAM AND WHEN 63 00:02:55,520 --> 00:02:57,400 THEY ARE EITHER MAKING A 64 00:02:57,400 --> 00:02:58,600 COMMENT OR PRESENTING, THEY 65 00:02:58,600 --> 00:03:04,040 WILL COME TO THE TABLE TO HAVE 66 00:03:04,040 --> 00:03:05,880 THEIR NAME CARDS SO YOU KNOW 67 00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:07,880 WHO THEY ARE SO THEY CAN BE 68 00:03:07,880 --> 00:03:21,240 IDENTIFIED AND SO FORTH. 69 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:23,400 SO THE AGENDA, I DON'T KNOW IF 70 00:03:23,400 --> 00:03:25,600 WE CAN DISPLAY THE AGENDA ON 71 00:03:25,600 --> 00:03:26,320 SCREEN? 72 00:03:26,320 --> 00:03:27,080 IT IS PACKED. 73 00:03:27,080 --> 00:03:28,560 THANKS VERY MUCH. 74 00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:29,720 SO WE BEGIN WITH THE 75 00:03:29,720 --> 00:03:33,000 DIRECTOR'S REPORT AND THAT 76 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:35,240 WILL BE FOLLOWED BY A 77 00:03:35,240 --> 00:03:42,000 PRESENTATION BY THE INAUGURAL 78 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:47,920 ARPA-H DIRECTOR AND WE HAVE 79 00:03:47,920 --> 00:03:49,320 ALLOTTED QUITE A BIT OF TIME 80 00:03:49,320 --> 00:03:51,320 FOR DISCUSSION SO YOU WILL BE 81 00:03:51,320 --> 00:03:54,080 ABLE TO, YOU KNOW, ENGAGE WITH 82 00:03:54,080 --> 00:03:54,520 RENEE. 83 00:03:54,520 --> 00:03:58,880 A BIT OF A SPECIAL TREAT, AS 84 00:03:58,880 --> 00:04:02,360 WE SPEAK HERE, THERE IS A 85 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:05,520 GATES NIH WORKSHOP GOING ON ON 86 00:04:05,520 --> 00:04:07,640 ANOTHER PART OF THE CAMPUS AND 87 00:04:07,640 --> 00:04:10,360 MR. GATES WILL BE WITH US TILL 88 00:04:10,360 --> 00:04:12,880 11: 15 AND HAVE BRIEF 89 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:16,160 COMMENTS FOR ACD AND THEN YOU 90 00:04:16,160 --> 00:04:20,120 WILL ENGAGE IN SOME DIALOGUE 91 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:21,040 FOR SURE. 92 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:22,720 WE WILL HAVE A BREAK FOR LUNCH 93 00:04:22,720 --> 00:04:25,120 OR WHAT PASSES FOR LUNCH 94 00:04:25,120 --> 00:04:28,120 DEPENDING ON WHAT ARRANGEMENTS 95 00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:30,840 YOU MADE AND AGAIN, WE WILL BE 96 00:04:30,840 --> 00:04:34,240 VERY PRIVILEGED TO HAVE TONY 97 00:04:34,240 --> 00:04:36,440 FAUCI WITH US IN WHAT WILL BE 98 00:04:36,440 --> 00:04:39,320 HIS LAST ACD MEETING AS NID 99 00:04:39,320 --> 00:04:39,840 DIRECTOR. 100 00:04:39,840 --> 00:04:41,680 I SUSPECT SOMEHOW HE WILL BE 101 00:04:41,680 --> 00:04:43,600 BACK IN OTHER WAYS BUT 102 00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:50,280 CERTAINLY HIS LAST MEETING AS 103 00:04:50,280 --> 00:04:50,520 AID. 104 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:52,320 AT 1:30 P.M. WE WILL TALK 105 00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:54,720 ABOUT PEER REVIS CRITERIA. 106 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:56,040 THAT WAS INTRODUCED TO YOU IN 107 00:04:56,040 --> 00:04:58,400 THE NOVEMBER SPECIAL MEETING 108 00:04:58,400 --> 00:05:00,360 WE HAD, THE TELECONFERENCE. 109 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:09,840 A BREAK AND THEN HOWARD, ACD 110 00:05:09,840 --> 00:05:13,320 MEMBER AND LYRID JORGENSON WHO 111 00:05:13,320 --> 00:05:14,520 IS DIRECTOR OF POLICY WILL 112 00:05:14,520 --> 00:05:17,720 PROPOSE A NEW WORKING GROUP 113 00:05:17,720 --> 00:05:19,800 FOR THE ACD ON NOVEL 114 00:05:19,800 --> 00:05:21,280 ALTERNATIVE METHODS AND I AM 115 00:05:21,280 --> 00:05:23,120 SURE THAT WILL GENERATE A 116 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:24,400 GREAT DEAL OF DISCUSSION AND 117 00:05:24,400 --> 00:05:26,000 IT ACTUALLY COMES AS AN 118 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:28,080 OFFSHOOT OF THE PRIOR WORKING 119 00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:33,120 GROUP THAT WE CON SCRIPTED 120 00:05:33,120 --> 00:05:34,160 BARBARA WORKING WITH US ON SO 121 00:05:34,160 --> 00:05:35,600 THANK YOU FOR DOING THAT. 122 00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:36,640 FOLLOWING THE BREAK, THERE 123 00:05:36,640 --> 00:05:39,760 WILL BE ANOTHER PROPOSEDACD 124 00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:43,680 WORKING GROUP, THIS ONE ON 125 00:05:43,680 --> 00:05:45,240 POST-DOCS THAT MEMBERS WILL BE 126 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:45,920 ENGAGED IN. 127 00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:48,320 AND THIS CAME AS A RESULT OF 128 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:51,640 SHELLY REACHING OUT TO ME AND 129 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:54,160 SAYING -- SAYING WHAT ABOUT 130 00:05:54,160 --> 00:05:56,000 POST-DOCS AND AS IT TURNS OUT, 131 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:57,880 TWO OTHER PEOPLE THAT SAME DAY 132 00:05:57,880 --> 00:06:00,680 SAID THE SAME THING TO ME. 133 00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:01,080 SO SOLD. 134 00:06:01,080 --> 00:06:02,880 SO WE WILL BE WORKING ON THAT. 135 00:06:02,880 --> 00:06:09,560 AND THEN WE WILL ADJOURN. 136 00:06:09,560 --> 00:06:12,320 SECOND DAY MEETING, THE ACCESS 137 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:13,880 WORKING GROUP WILL REPORT. 138 00:06:13,880 --> 00:06:17,120 WE WILL HAVE A PRESENTATION 139 00:06:17,120 --> 00:06:19,640 FROM GARY GIBBONS ABOUT THE 140 00:06:19,640 --> 00:06:27,920 NIH RECOVER EFFORT RELATED TO 141 00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:29,840 PAST COV2 SARS INFECTION, THIS 142 00:06:29,840 --> 00:06:31,640 IS THE OPPORTUNITY FOR NIH TO 143 00:06:31,640 --> 00:06:32,280 ADDRESS THIS. 144 00:06:32,280 --> 00:06:34,240 A BREAK AND THEN SUPPORT OF 145 00:06:34,240 --> 00:06:37,320 OPEN DATA WITH A NUMBER OF NIH 146 00:06:37,320 --> 00:06:38,280 COLLEAGUES WHO WILL PRESENT. 147 00:06:38,280 --> 00:06:40,400 THAT WILL BE FOLLOWED BY AN 148 00:06:40,400 --> 00:06:43,280 UPDATE FROM THE ACD WORKING 149 00:06:43,280 --> 00:06:45,920 GROUP ON DIVERSITY AND THIS 150 00:06:45,920 --> 00:06:46,880 WILL BE A DISABILITY SUBGROUP 151 00:06:46,880 --> 00:06:48,840 REPORT AND I UNDERSTAND A 152 00:06:48,840 --> 00:06:51,080 COUPLE OF ACD MEMBERS WERE 153 00:06:51,080 --> 00:06:52,640 ASKED TO REVIEW THE REPORT AND 154 00:06:52,640 --> 00:06:54,920 THEY WILL LEAD THE DISCUSSION 155 00:06:54,920 --> 00:06:57,760 ON THIS IMPORTANT TOPIC. 156 00:06:57,760 --> 00:07:02,880 A LUNCH BREAK, THEN A UPDATE 157 00:07:02,880 --> 00:07:05,480 ON UNITE AND THEN FINALLY SOME 158 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:08,360 CLOSING COMMENTS AND WE WILL 159 00:07:08,360 --> 00:07:09,000 ADJOURN. 160 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:12,000 SO IT IS A PACKED AGENDA. 161 00:07:12,000 --> 00:07:13,640 OKAY, IF WE COULD PULL THAT 162 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:21,520 DOWN AND GO TO THE SLIDES, 163 00:07:21,520 --> 00:07:24,120 PLEASE? 164 00:07:24,120 --> 00:07:25,560 SO MANY TOPICS, ALL OF WHICH I 165 00:07:25,560 --> 00:07:27,080 HOPE WILL BE FAIRLY QUICK. 166 00:07:27,080 --> 00:07:30,040 WE WILL START AS WE TYPICALLY 167 00:07:30,040 --> 00:07:33,720 DO WITH APPOINTMENTS AND 168 00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:34,120 DEPARTURES. 169 00:07:34,120 --> 00:07:36,160 SO WE'RE REALLY SAD TO BE 170 00:07:36,160 --> 00:07:38,520 SAYING GOODBYE TO FIVE MEMBERS 171 00:07:38,520 --> 00:07:40,120 OF THE ACD WHO HAVE COME TO 172 00:07:40,120 --> 00:07:42,120 THE END OF THEIR TENURE AND 173 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:43,680 WILL BE ROTATING OFF AFTER 174 00:07:43,680 --> 00:07:47,720 THIS MEETING. 175 00:07:47,720 --> 00:07:53,000 WENDY CHAPMAN, REBEKA DR EZEK, 176 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:55,680 CHRISTINA JOHNSON, DEENA 177 00:07:55,680 --> 00:07:58,360 KATABI AND JUDITH KIM BELL. 178 00:07:58,360 --> 00:08:00,320 I KNOW KRISTINA WAS UNABLE TO 179 00:08:00,320 --> 00:08:03,320 JOIN US TODAY BUT WILL JOIN 180 00:08:03,320 --> 00:08:03,680 TOMORROW. 181 00:08:03,680 --> 00:08:04,920 I KNOW EVERYONE ELSE IS HERE 182 00:08:04,920 --> 00:08:07,720 SO THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR 183 00:08:07,720 --> 00:08:08,880 INCREDIBLE DEVOTION TO THIS 184 00:08:08,880 --> 00:08:11,040 COMMITTEE AND FOR THE MANY, 185 00:08:11,040 --> 00:08:16,640 MANY CONTRIBUTIONS THAT YOU 186 00:08:16,640 --> 00:08:17,000 HAVE MADE. 187 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:20,680 I WANT TO OFFER A SPECIAL 188 00:08:20,680 --> 00:08:24,120 THANKS TO SHELLY AND ROBERTA 189 00:08:24,120 --> 00:08:25,960 AND BARBARA WALSH WHO IN A 190 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:28,920 MOMENT OF -- I DON'T KNOW WHAT 191 00:08:28,920 --> 00:08:29,240 TO SAY. 192 00:08:29,240 --> 00:08:29,600 [LAUGHTER] 193 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:34,520 WELL, OKAY, I WILL USE THAT. 194 00:08:34,520 --> 00:08:35,000 [INDISCERNIBLE] 195 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:37,000 IN A MOMENT OF GREAT 196 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:38,040 GENEROSITY, AGREED TO STAY ON 197 00:08:38,040 --> 00:08:41,120 FOR A LITTLE LONGER TO HELP 198 00:08:41,120 --> 00:08:42,080 WITH SOME ONGOING WORK. 199 00:08:42,080 --> 00:08:46,600 SO THANK YOU TO ALL OF YOU. 200 00:08:46,600 --> 00:08:48,600 WE HAVE A NUMBER OF NOTABLE 201 00:08:48,600 --> 00:08:51,120 PEOPLE WHO ARE DEPARTING THIS 202 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:51,440 YEAR. 203 00:08:51,440 --> 00:08:55,280 I HAVE ALREADY MENTIONED Dr. 204 00:08:55,280 --> 00:08:57,120 FAUCI, OF COURSE, WHO WILL BE 205 00:08:57,120 --> 00:09:00,000 ENDING HIS TENURE AS DIRECTOR 206 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:01,080 OF THE NAID AT THE END OF THE 207 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:02,600 MONTH AND YOU CAN GIVE HIM THE 208 00:09:02,600 --> 00:09:06,240 BUSINESS LATER ON WHEN HE 209 00:09:06,240 --> 00:09:07,240 JOINS US. 210 00:09:07,240 --> 00:09:09,120 WE'LL BE IN GOOD HANDS DURING 211 00:09:09,120 --> 00:09:13,920 THE I WANT INTERIM PERIOD AS 212 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:21,720 WE DO A SEARCH FOR THE NEXT 213 00:09:21,720 --> 00:09:25,120 DIRECTOR OF NAID. 214 00:09:25,120 --> 00:09:26,320 HUGH AUCHINCLOSS WHO HAS BEEN 215 00:09:26,320 --> 00:09:27,760 THE DEPUTY FOR A NUMBER OF 216 00:09:27,760 --> 00:09:30,120 YEARS WILL BE THE ACTING 217 00:09:30,120 --> 00:09:32,640 DIRECTOR AND IS WELL-SUITED TO 218 00:09:32,640 --> 00:09:35,600 STEP INTO THAT ROLE. 219 00:09:35,600 --> 00:09:36,920 ANOTHER BITTERSWEET 220 00:09:36,920 --> 00:09:39,560 ANNOUNCEMENT THAT WE ARE 221 00:09:39,560 --> 00:09:43,640 HAVING TO SAY THAT ANDREA 222 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:45,240 NORRIS WILL ALSO BE RETIRING 223 00:09:45,240 --> 00:09:46,960 AT THE END OF THE YEAR, 224 00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:51,120 DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR 225 00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:53,280 TECHNOLOGY AND NIHCO AND HAS 226 00:09:53,280 --> 00:09:54,440 REALLY BROUGHT NIH 227 00:09:54,440 --> 00:09:55,720 INFRASTRUCTURE INTO THE MODERN 228 00:09:55,720 --> 00:10:14,160 AGE AND WE'RE EXTREMELY 229 00:10:14,160 --> 00:10:17,440 GRATEFUL TO HER. 230 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:21,560 SUSA IS ON LOAN FROM MEDICINE 231 00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:23,920 SO A GREAT THANKS TO PATTY 232 00:10:23,920 --> 00:10:27,200 BRENNAN, DIRECTOR OF THE NLM. 233 00:10:27,200 --> 00:10:28,520 YESTERDAY WE ANNOUNCED Dr. 234 00:10:28,520 --> 00:10:32,600 ROGER GLASS WILL BE STEPPING 235 00:10:32,600 --> 00:10:33,520 DOWN AS DIRECTOR AT THE 236 00:10:33,520 --> 00:10:37,720 INTERNATIONAL CENTER AND HE IS 237 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:39,800 THE LONGEST-SERVING DIRECTOR 238 00:10:39,800 --> 00:10:40,320 OF FOGARTY. 239 00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:49,800 HE WILL REMAIN IN AN EMERITUS 240 00:10:49,800 --> 00:10:52,160 CAPACITY AND WE ARE FORTUNATE 241 00:10:52,160 --> 00:10:56,840 THE CURRENT DEPUTY AT FOGARTY 242 00:10:56,840 --> 00:11:02,400 INTERNATIONAL CENTER WILL STEP 243 00:11:02,400 --> 00:11:05,320 IN, KIMAR SELECTED TO STEP IN 244 00:11:05,320 --> 00:11:09,360 THAT ACTING ROLE -- PETER 245 00:11:09,360 --> 00:11:11,840 KILMARX. 246 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:15,480 EARLIER THIS YEAR, THE 247 00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:24,840 DIRECTOR OF PLANNING AND 248 00:11:24,840 --> 00:11:27,040 INITIATIVES, DP CPS I, ONE OF 249 00:11:27,040 --> 00:11:27,880 THE LARGEST DIVISIONS WITHIN 250 00:11:27,880 --> 00:11:30,520 THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, WE 251 00:11:30,520 --> 00:11:33,520 HAVE KNOWN HIM FOR YEARS, 252 00:11:33,520 --> 00:11:36,320 JAMES ANDERSON AND ARE 253 00:11:36,320 --> 00:11:37,680 FORTUNATE THAT BOB HAS COME 254 00:11:37,680 --> 00:11:40,440 BACK TO US AND IS WITH US THIS 255 00:11:40,440 --> 00:11:44,920 MORNING TO SERVE AS ACTING 256 00:11:44,920 --> 00:11:46,720 DIRECTOR FOR DPSCI AND WILL BE 257 00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:49,360 LAUNCHING A SEARCH FOR THE 258 00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:50,640 ROLE SHORTLY. 259 00:11:50,640 --> 00:11:52,080 GRATITUDE FOR HIS OVER 50 260 00:11:52,080 --> 00:11:53,920 YEARS OF LEADERSHIP AT NIH. 261 00:11:53,920 --> 00:12:03,600 WE WILL BE SAYING FAREWELL TO 262 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:06,720 JOHN GALLIN WHO IS CHIEF 263 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:10,320 SCIENTIFIC OFFICER AT NIH 264 00:12:10,320 --> 00:12:11,720 CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER WHERE 265 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:20,920 HE SERVED AS DIRECTOR. 266 00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:27,800 BETSY WILL BE STEPPING DOWN 267 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:30,440 AND -- WILDER -- WHO HAS BEEN 268 00:12:30,440 --> 00:12:32,600 DIRECTOR OF THE STRATEGIC 269 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:38,840 COORDINATION FOR YEARS. 270 00:12:38,840 --> 00:12:42,720 OKAY, SO NOW THAT IS THE END 271 00:12:42,720 --> 00:12:46,880 OF THOSE LEAVING, WE HAVE 272 00:12:46,880 --> 00:12:49,920 JONITRUTTER WHO HAS BEEN NAMED 273 00:12:49,920 --> 00:12:51,400 TO THE DIRECTORSHIP OF 274 00:12:51,400 --> 00:12:53,120 NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING 275 00:12:53,120 --> 00:12:56,120 TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES AND 276 00:12:56,120 --> 00:12:58,200 WE'RE DELIGHTED JONI IS IN 277 00:12:58,200 --> 00:12:58,800 THIS ROLE. 278 00:12:58,800 --> 00:13:03,720 AND THEN THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR 279 00:13:03,720 --> 00:13:07,240 FOR INTRAMURAL RESEARCH, 280 00:13:07,240 --> 00:13:08,120 NINA SCHOR, WE ARE DELIGHTED 281 00:13:08,120 --> 00:13:11,520 TO HAVE HER IN THAT PERMANENT 282 00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:12,560 CAPACITY NOW. 283 00:13:12,560 --> 00:13:14,320 WE HAVE RECENTLY WELCOMED THE 284 00:13:14,320 --> 00:13:17,720 NEW DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL 285 00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:18,920 CANCER INSTITUTE. 286 00:13:18,920 --> 00:13:22,280 AS YOU KNOW, N CI IS THE 287 00:13:22,280 --> 00:13:23,520 PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENT AND 288 00:13:23,520 --> 00:13:26,520 THE ONLY ONE APART FROM THE 289 00:13:26,520 --> 00:13:29,520 PERMANENT NIH DIRECTOR -- OH 290 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:31,200 YES, AND ARPA-H, CORRECT. 291 00:13:31,200 --> 00:13:33,600 THERE ARE NOW THREE 292 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:34,520 PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS, 293 00:13:34,520 --> 00:13:35,760 THANK YOU. 294 00:13:35,760 --> 00:13:39,080 SO IN THIS INSTANCE, Dr. 295 00:13:39,080 --> 00:13:40,320 MONICA BERTAGNOLLI IS THE NEW 296 00:13:40,320 --> 00:13:41,880 DIRECTOR AND HAS HIT THE 297 00:13:41,880 --> 00:13:42,480 GROUND RUNNING. 298 00:13:42,480 --> 00:13:44,080 WE WILL ALL STRUGGLE TO KEEP 299 00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:46,680 UP WITH HER BECAUSE SHE IS 300 00:13:46,680 --> 00:13:49,880 REALLY MOVING FAST BECAUSE OF 301 00:13:49,880 --> 00:13:52,200 THE IMPERATIVE OF, IN PART, 302 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:54,360 THE CANCER MOONSHOT WHICH IS 303 00:13:54,360 --> 00:13:55,120 THE PRESIDENTIAL INITIATIVE 304 00:13:55,120 --> 00:13:58,840 AND ALSO THERE IS A LOT GOING 305 00:13:58,840 --> 00:14:01,120 ON AT THE NCI AS YOU MIGHT 306 00:14:01,120 --> 00:14:02,680 IMAGINE SO WE WELCOME HER. 307 00:14:02,680 --> 00:14:05,080 AND AS I MENTIONED A LITTLE 308 00:14:05,080 --> 00:14:09,920 WHILE AGO, THIS IS REALLY THE 309 00:14:09,920 --> 00:14:11,520 INAUGURAL DIRECTOR OF ARPA-H 310 00:14:11,520 --> 00:14:14,800 AND SHE WILL BE PROVIDING US 311 00:14:14,800 --> 00:14:17,480 AN UPDATE LATER THIS MORNING 312 00:14:17,480 --> 00:14:18,600 AND THEN FOUR 313 00:14:18,600 --> 00:14:28,640 MEMBERS HERE AT THE NIH SO 314 00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:31,960 WE'RE REALLY DELIGHTED FOR ALL 315 00:14:31,960 --> 00:14:35,560 OF THESE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS OF 316 00:14:35,560 --> 00:14:36,520 THEIR COME ACCOMPLISHMENTS. 317 00:14:36,520 --> 00:14:41,760 A FEW SPECIAL EVENTS. 318 00:14:41,760 --> 00:14:45,320 YOU KNOW, I LOOKED AT ALL THE 319 00:14:45,320 --> 00:14:54,520 PICTURES AND SO FORTH BUT HERE 320 00:14:54,520 --> 00:14:59,080 I AM, GREETING ADMIRAL RACHEL 321 00:14:59,080 --> 00:15:00,040 LEVINE, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF 322 00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:02,360 HEALTH, THIRD PERSON FROM THE 323 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:05,600 LEFT AND SHE VISITED THE 324 00:15:05,600 --> 00:15:07,360 CLINICAL CENTER AND GAVE A 325 00:15:07,360 --> 00:15:09,160 GREAT KEYNOTE ADDRESS AT THE 326 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:11,360 NIH PRIDE EVENT SO THAT WAS 327 00:15:11,360 --> 00:15:12,920 REALLY WONDERFUL TO HOST HER 328 00:15:12,920 --> 00:15:16,720 HERE TOGETHER WITH A NUMBER OF 329 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:18,920 THE INSTITUTE DIRECTORS OF DC. 330 00:15:18,920 --> 00:15:23,400 WE ALSO HAD THE HONOR OF 331 00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:25,600 HOSTING SENATOR ROY BLOUNT OF 332 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:27,880 MISSOURI AT THE DEDICATION 333 00:15:27,880 --> 00:15:31,360 CEREMONY AT THE NEW ROY BLOUNT 334 00:15:31,360 --> 00:15:35,240 CENTER RELATED TO ALZHEIMER'S 335 00:15:35,240 --> 00:15:36,280 DISEASE AND RELATED RESEARCH 336 00:15:36,280 --> 00:15:36,600 CENTER. 337 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:39,360 I THINK YOU ALL KNOW SENATOR 338 00:15:39,360 --> 00:15:41,360 BLOUNT HAS BEEN A LONG TIME 339 00:15:41,360 --> 00:15:43,960 CHAMPION FOR NIH IN GENERAL 340 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:52,120 BUT ALSO RESEARCH RELATED TO 341 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:53,160 EXPANDED DEMENTIA RESEARCH AND 342 00:15:53,160 --> 00:15:55,240 DESIGNED TO BE A FOCAL POINT 343 00:15:55,240 --> 00:15:57,960 AND CATALYST IN THIS FIELD. 344 00:15:57,960 --> 00:16:03,440 WE WERE FORTUNATE TO HOST 345 00:16:03,440 --> 00:16:05,320 SECRETARY BASERA WHO IS DEAD 346 00:16:05,320 --> 00:16:09,400 CENTER IN THE PHOTO ALONG WITH 347 00:16:09,400 --> 00:16:12,080 SENATORS BEN CARDIN AND CHRIS 348 00:16:12,080 --> 00:16:13,640 VAN HOLLAND, MARYLAND 349 00:16:13,640 --> 00:16:17,760 DELEGATION AND REPRESENTATIVE 350 00:16:17,760 --> 00:16:20,520 DAVID TROEN IN WHOSE DISTRICT 351 00:16:20,520 --> 00:16:22,480 THE NATIONAL CANCER SITE 352 00:16:22,480 --> 00:16:23,240 CENTER IS LOCATED. 353 00:16:23,240 --> 00:16:25,880 AND WE HAD SOME REALLY 354 00:16:25,880 --> 00:16:29,280 OUTSTANDING PRESENTATIONS BY 355 00:16:29,280 --> 00:16:31,800 THE NCI STAFF AT FREDERICK AND 356 00:16:31,800 --> 00:16:35,960 WE ALSO DISCUSSED THE CANCER 357 00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:36,360 MOONSHOT. 358 00:16:36,360 --> 00:16:38,320 JUST WANTED TO GIVE YOU A 359 00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:40,040 QUICK UPDATE ABOUT EARLY STAGE 360 00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:40,760 INVESTIGATORS BECAUSE THIS IS 361 00:16:40,760 --> 00:16:42,960 ONE OF THE METRICS THAT WE 362 00:16:42,960 --> 00:16:49,440 HAVE BEEN WATCHING VERY, VERY 363 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:49,800 CLOSELY. 364 00:16:49,800 --> 00:16:52,760 AND I MUST SAY OVER THE YEARS 365 00:16:52,760 --> 00:16:55,840 THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE HAS 366 00:16:55,840 --> 00:16:58,960 REALLY, YOU KNOW, URGED US TO 367 00:16:58,960 --> 00:17:00,040 CONTINUE, YOU KNOW, THESE 368 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:00,360 EFFORTS. 369 00:17:00,360 --> 00:17:03,680 AND SO THE LATEST DATA ARE 370 00:17:03,680 --> 00:17:06,120 LISTED HERE AND WE'RE VERY 371 00:17:06,120 --> 00:17:08,440 PROUD THAT THE FINAL TALLY FOR 372 00:17:08,440 --> 00:17:14,120 2022 WAS AN ALL-TIME RECORD OF 373 00:17:14,120 --> 00:17:15,760 1589 EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATOR 374 00:17:15,760 --> 00:17:17,320 APPLICANTS WERE FUNDED FOR 375 00:17:17,320 --> 00:17:19,160 THEIR FIRST R1 OR EQUIVALENT 376 00:17:19,160 --> 00:17:19,640 AWARD. 377 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:28,320 AND SO AS YOU SEE, WE KEEP 378 00:17:28,320 --> 00:17:29,800 GOING UP AND WE ARE GOING TO 379 00:17:29,800 --> 00:17:31,640 WORK HARD AT MAINTAINING -- IT 380 00:17:31,640 --> 00:17:33,120 IS ONE PIECE OF WHAT WE ARE 381 00:17:33,120 --> 00:17:34,520 GOING TO DO BUT AN IMPORTANT 382 00:17:34,520 --> 00:17:40,760 PIECE SO WE WANTED TO DRAW 383 00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:42,560 YOUR ATTENTION TO THIS SORT OF 384 00:17:42,560 --> 00:17:43,160 BASELINE. 385 00:17:43,160 --> 00:17:46,360 WE WANTED AT LEAST 1100 BUT 386 00:17:46,360 --> 00:17:47,640 ABLE TO EXCEED THAT VIRTUALLY 387 00:17:47,640 --> 00:17:58,120 EVERY YEAR SO I AM REALLY 388 00:17:58,120 --> 00:18:00,280 VERY, VERY PLEASED THE CENTER 389 00:18:00,280 --> 00:18:02,720 HAS STEPPED UP AND HELPED US. 390 00:18:02,720 --> 00:18:05,000 SOME OF YOU KNOW ERA BECAUSE 391 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:07,320 OF COURSE GRANT APPLICATIONS 392 00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:09,960 AND SO FORTH. 393 00:18:09,960 --> 00:18:11,960 THIS IS AN INCREDIBLE 394 00:18:11,960 --> 00:18:15,400 KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR MANY, MANY 395 00:18:15,400 --> 00:18:18,760 THINGS AT NIH. 396 00:18:18,760 --> 00:18:20,360 IT'S A VERY COMPLEX, 397 00:18:20,360 --> 00:18:21,760 INTEGRATED SYSTEM THAT WE TRY 398 00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:23,440 AND MAKE AS USER-FRIENDLY AS 399 00:18:23,440 --> 00:18:25,000 POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF THE FRONT 400 00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:27,640 END NATURE OF WHAT IT DOES IN 401 00:18:27,640 --> 00:18:35,880 TERMS OF OUR EXTRAMURAL 402 00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:36,280 ACTIVITIES. 403 00:18:36,280 --> 00:18:40,800 WE ARE ENHANCING IT EVEN 404 00:18:40,800 --> 00:18:46,320 FURTHER BY BEGINNING TO 405 00:18:46,320 --> 00:18:50,480 POPULATE INFORMATION RELATED 406 00:18:50,480 --> 00:19:05,600 TO CONTRACTS SO AS THE SLIDEEN 407 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:07,480 -- SLIDE ENUMERATES, CONTRACT 408 00:19:07,480 --> 00:19:08,360 AWARDS REPRESENT ONLY 409 00:19:08,360 --> 00:19:10,480 8 PERCENT OF OUR MONEY AND 410 00:19:10,480 --> 00:19:13,320 UNFORTUNATELY DON'T HAVE A 411 00:19:13,320 --> 00:19:18,520 GOOD WINDOW INTO OUR AWARDS 412 00:19:18,520 --> 00:19:18,840 PROGRAM. 413 00:19:18,840 --> 00:19:20,760 YOU CAN GO IN FOR GRANTS AND 414 00:19:20,760 --> 00:19:22,080 FIND ANYTHING YOU WANT BUT 415 00:19:22,080 --> 00:19:23,160 CAN'T YET DO THAT FOR 416 00:19:23,160 --> 00:19:25,680 CONTRACTS SO LATER THIS YEAR, 417 00:19:25,680 --> 00:19:28,440 WE WILL ALLOW CONTRACT 418 00:19:28,440 --> 00:19:29,520 AWARDEES TO UPLOAD INFORMATION 419 00:19:29,520 --> 00:19:31,440 ON THE SCIENCE THEY ARE DOING 420 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:36,600 INTO ERA COMMENTS SO THIS WILL 421 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:38,440 ALLOW CONTRACT AWARDEES TO 422 00:19:38,440 --> 00:19:39,520 ACCURATELY CHARACTERIZE WHAT 423 00:19:39,520 --> 00:19:41,000 THEY ARE DOING, IMPROVE 424 00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:43,000 TRANSPARENCY TO THE PUBLIC 425 00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:44,720 ABOUT OUR CONTRACT DATA AND 426 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:46,520 AGAIN COMMENSURATE WITH WHAT 427 00:19:46,520 --> 00:19:47,680 WE DO WITH GRANTS. 428 00:19:47,680 --> 00:19:51,160 AND IT WILL REPLACE A VERY 429 00:19:51,160 --> 00:19:53,560 ARDUOUS MANUAL PROCESS THAT 430 00:19:53,560 --> 00:19:57,560 OUR STAFF NOW USES TO UPLOAD 431 00:19:57,560 --> 00:19:58,240 SOME INFORMATION. 432 00:19:58,240 --> 00:20:01,160 SO WE VIEW THIS AS A REALLY 433 00:20:01,160 --> 00:20:03,800 IMPORTANT STEP FORWARD IN 434 00:20:03,800 --> 00:20:05,080 ENHANCING THE TRANSPARENCY OF 435 00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:08,360 WHAT THE AGENCY IS DOING AND 436 00:20:08,360 --> 00:20:13,120 WE WILL LOOK FORWARD TO 437 00:20:13,120 --> 00:20:15,760 ROLLING THIS OUT LATER THIS 438 00:20:15,760 --> 00:20:16,080 YEAR. 439 00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:22,920 SO JUST TO GIVE YOU A HEADS-UP 440 00:20:22,920 --> 00:20:25,800 ABOUT THAT. 441 00:20:25,800 --> 00:20:27,560 SO JUST A VERY BRIEF UPDATE ON 442 00:20:27,560 --> 00:20:31,880 THE PROGRESS OF THE NIH-WIDE 443 00:20:31,880 --> 00:20:33,520 DEIA STRATEGIC PLAN WHICH WE 444 00:20:33,520 --> 00:20:34,440 PRESENTED TO YOU DURING THE 445 00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:36,480 JUNE MEETING. 446 00:20:36,480 --> 00:20:42,120 SO YOU MAY RECALL THAT THIS 447 00:20:42,120 --> 00:20:43,440 PLAN WILL ARTICULATE THE 448 00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:47,040 VISION THAT NIH HAS FOR 449 00:20:47,040 --> 00:20:48,600 STRENGTHENING DIVERSITY, 450 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:50,360 EQUITY AND INCLUSION AND 451 00:20:50,360 --> 00:20:51,960 ACCESSIBILITY AND WILL CAPTURE 452 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:54,480 ACTIVITIES THAT THE NIH 453 00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:57,360 WORKFORCE HAS TO UNDERTAKE TO 454 00:20:57,360 --> 00:20:58,560 IMPLEMENT, TO MEET THE VISION 455 00:20:58,560 --> 00:21:00,400 OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN. 456 00:21:00,400 --> 00:21:06,000 NOW, WHAT WE HAVE DONE IS 457 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:09,040 WE'VE HARMONIZED THE NIH 458 00:21:09,040 --> 00:21:14,280 STRATEGIC PLAN FRAMEWORK WITH 459 00:21:14,280 --> 00:21:18,240 THE NIH DEIA PRIORITIES THAT 460 00:21:18,240 --> 00:21:20,200 ARE ORGANIZED AROUND THE NEEDS 461 00:21:20,200 --> 00:21:22,040 AND CHALLENGES IN THREE AREAS, 462 00:21:22,040 --> 00:21:27,960 AND WE HAVE BEEN FOLLOWING A 463 00:21:27,960 --> 00:21:29,160 FIVE-PHASED APPROACH TO THE 464 00:21:29,160 --> 00:21:32,560 DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGIC 465 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:36,360 PLAN AND THE FIRST PHASE, WE 466 00:21:36,360 --> 00:21:40,200 INVOLVE A NUMBER OF OFFICES 467 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:43,640 WITHIN NIH TO LEAD PLANNING 468 00:21:43,640 --> 00:21:43,960 EFFORTS. 469 00:21:43,960 --> 00:21:51,720 IN THE SECOND PHASE, THE 470 00:21:51,720 --> 00:21:54,160 WORKING GROUP DEVELOPED SORT 471 00:21:54,160 --> 00:21:56,560 OF A STRAW MODEL STRATEGIC 472 00:21:56,560 --> 00:21:57,960 PLAN FRAMEWORK. 473 00:21:57,960 --> 00:22:00,480 THE THIRD PHASE EXISTED OF 474 00:22:00,480 --> 00:22:02,040 GATHERING INPUT BOTH HERE AT 475 00:22:02,040 --> 00:22:03,880 THE NIH AND ALSO THE PUBLIC. 476 00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:07,960 THIS INCLUDEK A WEBINAR, RFI 477 00:22:07,960 --> 00:22:12,240 SEEKING FEEDBACK, AN NIH DATA 478 00:22:12,240 --> 00:22:17,680 CALLED INVENTORY, THE OVER 479 00:22:17,680 --> 00:22:19,360 1700NIH/DEIA ACTIVITIES. 480 00:22:19,360 --> 00:22:21,960 THE FOURTH PHASE, THE WORKING 481 00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:23,080 GROUP FURTHER REFINED THE 482 00:22:23,080 --> 00:22:24,280 NETWORK AND THEN SELECTED A 483 00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:26,560 SHORT LIST OF ACTIVITIES TO 484 00:22:26,560 --> 00:22:27,880 ILLUSTRATE ASPECTS OF THE PLAN 485 00:22:27,880 --> 00:22:29,760 AND THEN THEY FINISHED THE 486 00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:30,120 DRAFTING. 487 00:22:30,120 --> 00:22:35,560 AND SO WE ARE NOW IN THE FIFTH 488 00:22:35,560 --> 00:22:37,560 PHASE WHICH INVOLVES REVIEW 489 00:22:37,560 --> 00:22:45,840 AND APPROVAL FOR THE PLAN. 490 00:22:45,840 --> 00:22:49,000 SO WE HAVE RECEIVED A LOT OF 491 00:22:49,000 --> 00:22:55,040 INPUT FROM THE COMMUNITY AS I 492 00:22:55,040 --> 00:23:03,080 MENTIONED, EXTENSIVE INTERNAL 493 00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:05,160 ENGAGEMENT -- WORKING GROUP, [ 494 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:06,200 INDISCERNIBLE ] MEETINGS, 495 00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:07,280 INVENTORY CALLS, RFI AND SO 496 00:23:07,280 --> 00:23:09,560 FORTH AND THEN THE EXTERNAL 497 00:23:09,560 --> 00:23:11,840 COMMUNITY GAVE US FEEDBACK VIA 498 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:12,520 RFI AND WEBINAR. 499 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:14,240 AND OF COURSE WE APPRECIATE 500 00:23:14,240 --> 00:23:15,520 ALL THE INPUT WE HAVE 501 00:23:15,520 --> 00:23:15,960 RECEIVED. 502 00:23:15,960 --> 00:23:19,480 THE PLAN HAS NOW BEEN REVIEWED 503 00:23:19,480 --> 00:23:24,160 BY THE INSTITUTE CENTER AND 504 00:23:24,160 --> 00:23:26,040 NIH LEADERSHIP AND WE'LL BE 505 00:23:26,040 --> 00:23:28,960 WORKING TOWARDS A SORT OF 506 00:23:28,960 --> 00:23:30,920 FINAL APPROVAL, FINAL SIGNOFF. 507 00:23:30,920 --> 00:23:32,280 YOU HAVE REVIEWED THE DRAFT 508 00:23:32,280 --> 00:23:33,720 PLAN, AND I KNOW THIS TOOK A 509 00:23:33,720 --> 00:23:35,240 LOT OF TIME AND I APPRECIATE 510 00:23:35,240 --> 00:23:37,720 THE EFFORT THAT WENT INTO 511 00:23:37,720 --> 00:23:45,360 THIS, AND SO WE ARE PLANNING 512 00:23:45,360 --> 00:23:46,640 FOR A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH 513 00:23:46,640 --> 00:23:49,280 TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 514 00:23:49,280 --> 00:23:49,960 THE PLAN. 515 00:23:49,960 --> 00:23:53,240 AND BOTH OF WHO YOU HAVE DONE 516 00:23:53,240 --> 00:23:55,760 THESE THINGS AT YOUR HOME 517 00:23:55,760 --> 00:23:57,120 INSTITUTIONS KNOW THE PLAN IS 518 00:23:57,120 --> 00:23:58,400 JUST THE FIRST PART. 519 00:23:58,400 --> 00:23:59,760 THE REAL WORK NOW COMES TO HOW 520 00:23:59,760 --> 00:24:02,360 YOU ARE GOING TO IMPLEMENT 521 00:24:02,360 --> 00:24:04,280 THINGS AND WE ARE UNDERWAY IN 522 00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:09,160 TERMS OF OUR WORKING THROUGH 523 00:24:09,160 --> 00:24:09,440 THAT. 524 00:24:09,440 --> 00:24:11,080 SO AGAIN, THANKS TO ALL THE 525 00:24:11,080 --> 00:24:14,360 COUNCIL MEMBERS WHO PROVIDED 526 00:24:14,360 --> 00:24:15,920 INPUT, AND TO ALL OF THE 527 00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:20,000 MEMBERS OF THE EXTRAMURAL AND 528 00:24:20,000 --> 00:24:21,360 INTRAMURAL COMMUNITIES BECAUSE 529 00:24:21,360 --> 00:24:23,360 PEOPLE WERE ENGAGED AND WE'RE 530 00:24:23,360 --> 00:24:25,640 VERY FORTUNATE TO HAVE 531 00:24:25,640 --> 00:24:28,760 EVERYBODY GET INVOLVED IN 532 00:24:28,760 --> 00:24:29,080 THIS. 533 00:24:29,080 --> 00:24:32,480 IT A COUPLE OF UPDATES ON SOME 534 00:24:32,480 --> 00:24:33,960 INITIATIVES AND AT LEAST TO 535 00:24:33,960 --> 00:24:39,360 GIVE YOU A FLAVOR OF WHAT'S 536 00:24:39,360 --> 00:24:41,080 GOING ON. 537 00:24:41,080 --> 00:24:44,040 SO ONE INITIATIVE WHICH IS 538 00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:47,160 ENTITLED THE EATING, SLEEPING 539 00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:54,320 AND CONSOLING FOR NEONATAL 540 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:58,560 OPIOID WITHDRAWAL STUDY IS A 541 00:24:58,560 --> 00:25:00,240 CONSORTIUM THAT WAS FUNDED BY 542 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:02,760 THE HEAL INITIATIVE AT NIH BUT 543 00:25:02,760 --> 00:25:13,200 IT WAS CONDUCTED IN 544 00:25:13,200 --> 00:25:16,640 COLLABORATION WITH NICHD'S 545 00:25:16,640 --> 00:25:18,680 NEONATAL RESEARCH NETWORK AND 546 00:25:18,680 --> 00:25:23,360 ARE IDEA STATES PEDIATRIC 547 00:25:23,360 --> 00:25:25,520 CLINICAL TRIAL NETWORK. 548 00:25:25,520 --> 00:25:27,360 SO VARIOUS ENTITIES AT NIH 549 00:25:27,360 --> 00:25:28,320 CAME TOGETHER. 550 00:25:28,320 --> 00:25:30,640 THE STATES HIGHLIGHTED IN 551 00:25:30,640 --> 00:25:34,480 WHATEVER COLOR THAT IS, 552 00:25:34,480 --> 00:25:35,200 DARKENED COLOR, REPRESENT THE 553 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:36,840 SITES AND SO AS YOU CAN SEE, 554 00:25:36,840 --> 00:25:39,360 MANY OF THEM ARE NOT THE 555 00:25:39,360 --> 00:25:44,880 TYPICAL PLACES THAT WE DO 556 00:25:44,880 --> 00:25:45,960 TRIALS. 557 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:47,120 A VERY GOOD REPRESENTATION FOR 558 00:25:47,120 --> 00:25:50,760 EXAMPLE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 559 00:25:50,760 --> 00:25:53,360 COUNTRY. 560 00:25:53,360 --> 00:25:54,760 IN ANY EVENT, THE -- AND I 561 00:25:54,760 --> 00:25:58,720 KNOW MANY OF YOU ARE FAMILIAR 562 00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:07,360 WITH THIS BUT WHEN AN NEONATE 563 00:26:07,360 --> 00:26:10,480 IS EXPOSED TO OPIOIDS, YOU CAN 564 00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:13,360 PRECIPITATE THE OPIOID 565 00:26:13,360 --> 00:26:16,040 WITHDRAWA L SYNDROME OR NOWS. 566 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:17,600 THE NEWBORNS ARE IRRITABLE, 567 00:26:17,600 --> 00:26:19,520 DON'T SLEEP WELL AND 568 00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:21,440 UNFORTUNATELY SPEND MANY DAYS 569 00:26:21,440 --> 00:26:23,720 HOSPITALIZED AND THERE ARE 570 00:26:23,720 --> 00:26:27,360 INSTANCES WHERE THERE IS 571 00:26:27,360 --> 00:26:30,200 SUFFICIENT SYMPTOMOTOLOGY 572 00:26:30,200 --> 00:26:33,480 CLINIC IANS WILL TREAT WITH 573 00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:34,000 REPLACEMENT OPIOIDS. 574 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:35,360 WHAT WE FOUND IN SURVEY WORK 575 00:26:35,360 --> 00:26:37,200 WAS THERE WAS A SUBSTANTIAL 576 00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:43,360 VARIATION IN HOW NOWS CASES 577 00:26:43,360 --> 00:26:45,600 WERE MANAGED AND SO -- AND 578 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:50,800 THIS IS A SERIOUS SITUATION 579 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:54,040 FOR THESE INFANTS, THE 580 00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:55,160 WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS FOR THESE 581 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:59,400 BABIES THAT INCLUDE A NUMBER 582 00:26:59,400 --> 00:27:01,800 OF PRESENTATIONS, TREMOR, 583 00:27:01,800 --> 00:27:02,640 EXCESSIVE CRYING, 584 00:27:02,640 --> 00:27:04,480 IRRITABILITY, POOR SLEEP 585 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:06,960 CYCLE, DIFFICULTIES WITH 586 00:27:06,960 --> 00:27:09,160 BREATHING, THIS CAN BE QUITE 587 00:27:09,160 --> 00:27:09,760 SERIOUS. 588 00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:11,520 AND SO THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS 589 00:27:11,520 --> 00:27:13,040 STUDY WAS TO SEE IF THERE IS A 590 00:27:13,040 --> 00:27:18,320 BETTER WAY OF APPROACHING 591 00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:23,440 THIS, AND THEY DID A STUDY TO 592 00:27:23,440 --> 00:27:27,160 SEE IF A SIMPLER APPROACH OF 593 00:27:27,160 --> 00:27:30,000 INSURING GOOD EATING, SLEEPING 594 00:27:30,000 --> 00:27:37,200 AND CONSOLING WOULD BE AS 595 00:27:37,200 --> 00:27:45,200 EFFECTIVE AS FARM -- 596 00:27:45,200 --> 00:27:46,720 PHARMACOLOGIC CARE SO THIS 597 00:27:46,720 --> 00:27:48,920 INVOLVES HOLDING AND SWADDLING 598 00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:51,560 AND ROCKING THE BABY, QUITE A 599 00:27:51,560 --> 00:27:53,080 BIT OF CARETAKER INVOLVEMENT. 600 00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:56,560 SO THE WORK WAS DONE ACROSS 601 00:27:56,560 --> 00:28:01,000 TWO PEDIATRIC CLINICAL TRIAL 602 00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:04,320 NETWORKS, WAS A RANDOM 603 00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:06,360 INTERVENTION SO AND IT HAS LED 604 00:28:06,360 --> 00:28:07,920 TO A WHOLE CHANGE IN THE WAY 605 00:28:07,920 --> 00:28:13,360 WE'RE THINKING ABOUT HOW TO 606 00:28:13,360 --> 00:28:17,720 TREAT THIS NOW. 607 00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:19,120 AND SO -- AND WHAT'S 608 00:28:19,120 --> 00:28:20,160 REMARKABLE IS THE NURSES IN 609 00:28:20,160 --> 00:28:22,160 THE FRONT LINES OF ALL OF 610 00:28:22,160 --> 00:28:25,360 THIS, ABOUT 5000 NURSES WERE 611 00:28:25,360 --> 00:28:26,880 TRAINED TO PARTICIPATE AND 612 00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:28,040 THREE EARLY STAGE 613 00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:29,560 INVESTIGATORS LED THE STUDY 614 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:33,560 WHICH IS REALLY A WONDERFUL 615 00:28:33,560 --> 00:28:34,320 THING. 616 00:28:34,320 --> 00:28:36,440 THE APPROACH SUBSTANTIALLY 617 00:28:36,440 --> 00:28:40,080 DECREASED THE TIME TILL THE 618 00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:42,960 INFANTS WERE READY TORE 619 00:28:42,960 --> 00:28:44,640 DISCHARGE, SUBSTANTIALLY 620 00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:51,320 DECREASED THE NEED FOR 621 00:28:51,320 --> 00:28:52,560 PHARMOCOLOGICAL TREATMENT, DID 622 00:28:52,560 --> 00:28:54,040 NOT AFFECT SAFETY OUTCOMES 623 00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:56,440 THROUGH THREE MONTHS OF AGE 624 00:28:56,440 --> 00:28:58,720 AND NOW PROVIDES STRONG 625 00:28:58,720 --> 00:29:00,240 SUPPORT FOR STANDARD CARE. 626 00:29:00,240 --> 00:29:04,880 THERE WILL BE A NATIONAL 627 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:07,160 MEETING AND FOLLOW UP FOR 628 00:29:07,160 --> 00:29:08,440 FAMILY WELL-BEING AND CHILD 629 00:29:08,440 --> 00:29:08,960 NEURO DEVELOPMENT. 630 00:29:08,960 --> 00:29:10,360 SO I THINK THIS IS AN EXAMPLE 631 00:29:10,360 --> 00:29:13,200 WHERE WE HAVE PULLED IN A 632 00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:15,560 VARIETY OF EQUITIES HERE TO 633 00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:17,880 MAKE THIS HAPPEN AND IT WILL 634 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:19,240 VERY LIKELY LEAD TO MAKE THIS 635 00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:21,480 A NEW STANDARD OF CARE. 636 00:29:21,480 --> 00:29:25,560 SO WE'RE REALLY VERY PLEASED 637 00:29:25,560 --> 00:29:25,880 WITH IT. 638 00:29:25,880 --> 00:29:26,880 ANOTHER EFFORT THAT I JUST 639 00:29:26,880 --> 00:29:28,720 WANTED TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION 640 00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:33,120 TO IS THE AIM AHEAD EFFORT, 641 00:29:33,120 --> 00:29:38,560 AND THIS IS ABOUT CREATING BE 642 00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:40,520 A AIML CONSORTIUM TO ADVANCE 643 00:29:40,520 --> 00:29:45,120 HEALTH EQUITY AND RESEARCHER 644 00:29:45,120 --> 00:29:45,960 DIVERSITY. 645 00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:46,880 THIS WAS LAUNCHED A LITTLE 646 00:29:46,880 --> 00:29:49,520 OVER A YEAR AGO AND BASICALLY 647 00:29:49,520 --> 00:29:58,120 THE IDEA IS TO ENSURE THAT 648 00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:03,760 BENEFITS OF AI AND ML ARE MORE 649 00:30:03,760 --> 00:30:04,760 SPREAD ACROSS THE UNITED 650 00:30:04,760 --> 00:30:07,280 STATES AND TO DO THAT, THIS 651 00:30:07,280 --> 00:30:08,560 PROGRAM WILL ENHANCE THE DATA 652 00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:10,640 BEING USED TO TRAIN THE 653 00:30:10,640 --> 00:30:13,360 ALGORITHMS AND AS IMPORTANT, 654 00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:16,640 ENSURE THAT THE LEADERS ARE 655 00:30:16,640 --> 00:30:18,320 FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS IN 656 00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:19,320 POSING THE QUESTIONS, 657 00:30:19,320 --> 00:30:23,840 ANALYZING THE DATA AND SO 658 00:30:23,840 --> 00:30:26,160 FORTH. 659 00:30:26,160 --> 00:30:31,560 WE ALL UNDERSTAND THAT AI IS 660 00:30:31,560 --> 00:30:33,400 VERY POWERFUL BUT IF YOU TRAIN 661 00:30:33,400 --> 00:30:36,640 WITH A BIASED DATA SET, AI 662 00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:37,800 WILL SIMPLY AMPLIFY THE BIAS 663 00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:39,880 AND YOU ARE WORSE OFF THAN 664 00:30:39,880 --> 00:30:42,840 WHEN YOU STARTED SO THIS IS 665 00:30:42,840 --> 00:30:43,760 ATTEMPTING TO ADDRESS THIS. 666 00:30:43,760 --> 00:30:47,280 AND WE HAVE REALLY MADE SOME 667 00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:48,960 GREAT PROGRESS SO FAR AND 668 00:30:48,960 --> 00:30:51,160 AGAIN, THIS IS ONLY A LITTLE 669 00:30:51,160 --> 00:30:57,560 BIT OVER A YEAR OLD, 22 670 00:30:57,560 --> 00:30:58,160 RESEARCH SCHOLARSHIPS, 671 00:30:58,160 --> 00:31:00,640 LEADERSHIP FELLOW SHIPS, A 672 00:31:00,640 --> 00:31:04,240 SERIES OF TRAINING PRACTICUM 673 00:31:04,240 --> 00:31:08,760 AWITH REGARDS MADE TO ENHANCE 674 00:31:08,760 --> 00:31:14,360 COMPETENCIES IN AI/ML, 675 00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:15,560 GRADUATE STUDENTS FROM 676 00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:17,240 INSTITUTIONS, AND THEN THERE 677 00:31:17,240 --> 00:31:20,880 IS THE AIM AHEAD VIRTUAL 678 00:31:20,880 --> 00:31:25,360 PLATFORM THAT INTERSECTS AI/ML 679 00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:30,200 HEALTH EQUITY AND A NUMBER OF 680 00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:31,760 WEBINARS AND SYMPOSIA 681 00:31:31,760 --> 00:31:34,600 INCLUDING AI FOR HEALTH EQUITY 682 00:31:34,600 --> 00:31:35,280 EFFORT. 683 00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:37,080 AND SO THIS SHOWS YOU WHERE 684 00:31:37,080 --> 00:31:43,480 ALL THE EQUITIES OF ALL THIS 685 00:31:43,480 --> 00:31:49,280 PROGRAM ARE CURRENTLY LOCATED 686 00:31:49,280 --> 00:31:50,920 AND IT REALLY IS A NATIONAL 687 00:31:50,920 --> 00:31:51,240 PROGRAM. 688 00:31:51,240 --> 00:31:52,760 I MEAN NOT EVERY STATE IS 689 00:31:52,760 --> 00:31:57,560 INVOLVED BUT WE HAVE A PRETTY 690 00:31:57,560 --> 00:31:58,840 GOOD REPRESENTATION IN MANY 691 00:31:58,840 --> 00:31:59,960 STATES AT LEAST. 692 00:31:59,960 --> 00:32:04,120 AND OVER TIME, WE HOPE TO GROW 693 00:32:04,120 --> 00:32:09,760 THIS OUT EVEN FURTHER. 694 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:11,080 UNFORTUNATELY, THE PRINT IS 695 00:32:11,080 --> 00:32:14,360 TOO SMALL TO READ BUT IT IS IN 696 00:32:14,360 --> 00:32:19,720 YOUR SLIDE DECKS THAT YOU 697 00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:20,400 RECEIVED. 698 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:21,360 AND OBVIOUSLY WE'RE NOT GOING 699 00:32:21,360 --> 00:32:23,440 TO GO THROUGH ALL OF THESE BUT 700 00:32:23,440 --> 00:32:26,960 TO GIVE YOU A COUPLE OF 701 00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:28,840 EXAMPLES, ONE PROJECT LED BY 702 00:32:28,840 --> 00:32:29,960 THE NATIONAL RESEARCH 703 00:32:29,960 --> 00:32:31,160 INSTITUTE THAT USES MACHINE 704 00:32:31,160 --> 00:32:35,360 LEARNING TO ENHANCE THE KIDNEY 705 00:32:35,360 --> 00:32:37,000 TRANSPLANT INDEX BY EXPANDING 706 00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:39,760 THE UNDERLYING DATA TO INCLUDE 707 00:32:39,760 --> 00:32:41,800 NOVEL AND COMMUNITY LEVEL 708 00:32:41,800 --> 00:32:44,760 VARIABLES TO MULTIETHNIC 709 00:32:44,760 --> 00:32:45,320 POPULATIONS. 710 00:32:45,320 --> 00:32:48,680 ANOTHER PROJECT BY Dr. 711 00:32:48,680 --> 00:32:51,400 ALEXANDER STOKES AT UNIVERSITY 712 00:32:51,400 --> 00:32:55,800 OF HAWAII USES ML TO ADDRESS 713 00:32:55,800 --> 00:32:58,120 UNDER DIAGNOSES AND UNDER 714 00:32:58,120 --> 00:33:00,800 REPRESENTATION OF PERSONS AND 715 00:33:00,800 --> 00:33:03,400 THEN ANOTHER ONE OUT OF THE 716 00:33:03,400 --> 00:33:04,720 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 717 00:33:04,720 --> 00:33:07,680 IRVINE IN PARTNERSHIP WITH 718 00:33:07,680 --> 00:33:08,960 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO-DENVER 719 00:33:08,960 --> 00:33:16,040 TO USE ML TO PREDICT CARDIO 720 00:33:16,040 --> 00:33:18,840 METABOLOMIC RISKS OF NATIVE 721 00:33:18,840 --> 00:33:19,600 AMERICAN ADULTS WITH DIABETES. 722 00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:22,760 THIS IS JUST A SAMPLING AS 723 00:33:22,760 --> 00:33:24,560 THESE PROJECTS ARE ALL OF THAT 724 00:33:24,560 --> 00:33:25,160 SAME TYPE. 725 00:33:25,160 --> 00:33:26,960 AND THEN I JUST WANTED TO 726 00:33:26,960 --> 00:33:32,720 GRIFF BRIEF UPDATE ON THE 727 00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:34,040 "ALL OF US" PROGRAM WHICH WE 728 00:33:34,040 --> 00:33:36,040 HAVE TALKED TO THE COUNCIL 729 00:33:36,040 --> 00:33:36,640 ABOUT. 730 00:33:36,640 --> 00:33:41,520 AS OF DECEMBER 5TH, A COUPLE 731 00:33:41,520 --> 00:33:42,840 DAYS AGO, 559,000 PARTICIPANTS 732 00:33:42,840 --> 00:33:43,360 AND CLIMBING. 733 00:33:43,360 --> 00:33:45,920 IT IS REALLY QUITE REMARKABLE. 734 00:33:45,920 --> 00:33:52,080 WE HAVE ASSEMBLED OVER 339,000 735 00:33:52,080 --> 00:33:52,880 ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS. 736 00:33:52,880 --> 00:33:56,840 OF THE GROUP THAT HAVE SIGNED 737 00:33:56,840 --> 00:33:58,440 UP, OVER 393,000 HAVE 738 00:33:58,440 --> 00:33:59,560 COMPLETED THE INITIAL STEPS OF 739 00:33:59,560 --> 00:34:01,640 THE PROGRAM. 740 00:34:01,640 --> 00:34:03,920 WE HAVE OVER 400,000 741 00:34:03,920 --> 00:34:04,320 BIOSAMPLES. 742 00:34:04,320 --> 00:34:06,160 YOU KNOW, COVID THREW US A 743 00:34:06,160 --> 00:34:07,840 CURVE LIKE EVERYTHING ELSE BUT 744 00:34:07,840 --> 00:34:10,600 WE HAVE, YOU KNOW, RECOVERED 745 00:34:10,600 --> 00:34:11,960 AND ARE WORKING NOW TO DEVELOP 746 00:34:11,960 --> 00:34:16,400 ONE OF THE LARGEST AND RICHEST 747 00:34:16,400 --> 00:34:19,680 DATA SETS BROADLY AVAILABLE. 748 00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:26,680 AND WE ARE ALREADY USING THIS 749 00:34:26,680 --> 00:34:27,600 RESOURCE TO INTERROGATE 750 00:34:27,600 --> 00:34:33,200 SPECIFIC QUESTIONS AND WHAT IS 751 00:34:33,200 --> 00:34:34,160 PARTICULARLY HEARTENING -- 752 00:34:34,160 --> 00:34:37,600 WELL, BEFORE I GET TO THAT, 753 00:34:37,600 --> 00:34:39,680 GENOMIC RESULTS ARE NOW 754 00:34:39,680 --> 00:34:41,080 BEGINNING TO BE RETURNED FOR 755 00:34:41,080 --> 00:34:45,040 PILOT TESTING. 756 00:34:45,040 --> 00:34:47,560 THIS IS YOU OPT IN, PROVIDE A 757 00:34:47,560 --> 00:34:52,280 BLOOD OR IN SOME CASES SALIVA 758 00:34:52,280 --> 00:34:54,000 SAMPLE, SEQUENCING IS DONE AND 759 00:34:54,000 --> 00:34:54,840 THEN YOU OPT IN WHETHER OR NOT 760 00:34:54,840 --> 00:34:56,520 YOU WANT TO RECEIVE THE 761 00:34:56,520 --> 00:34:56,840 RESULTS. 762 00:34:56,840 --> 00:34:59,000 A VERY IMPORTANT PART OF THIS 763 00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:04,640 IS THAT FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO 764 00:35:04,640 --> 00:35:10,560 HAVE SOME RISK MARKER NOTED, 765 00:35:10,560 --> 00:35:12,960 THIS IS SUPPORTED WITH 766 00:35:12,960 --> 00:35:14,240 DISCUSSION WITH GENETIC 767 00:35:14,240 --> 00:35:16,160 COUNSELORS SO THAT THE 768 00:35:16,160 --> 00:35:16,840 INDIVIDUAL UNDERSTANDS WHAT 769 00:35:16,840 --> 00:35:18,320 THIS MEANS AND AS YOU KNOW, 770 00:35:18,320 --> 00:35:22,120 SOME OF THESE THINGS CAN BE 771 00:35:22,120 --> 00:35:23,200 PRETTY COMPLICATED. 772 00:35:23,200 --> 00:35:27,560 AND PEOPLE ARE ALSO ABLE TO 773 00:35:27,560 --> 00:35:28,720 VIEW THEIR GENETIC ANCESTRY IF 774 00:35:28,720 --> 00:35:29,520 THEY ARE INTERESTED. 775 00:35:29,520 --> 00:35:32,560 ALL OF THIS IS OPT-IN IF THEY 776 00:35:32,560 --> 00:35:36,440 WANT, IF THEY WANT THE 777 00:35:36,440 --> 00:35:36,960 INFORMATION. 778 00:35:36,960 --> 00:35:38,760 AND THIS JUST GIVES YOU AN 779 00:35:38,760 --> 00:35:39,760 EXAMPLE OF SOME OF THE 780 00:35:39,760 --> 00:35:46,280 MATERIALS THAT ARE MADE 781 00:35:46,280 --> 00:35:47,960 AVAILABLE. 782 00:35:47,960 --> 00:35:49,720 FOR EXAMPLE, IF MUTATIONS ARE 783 00:35:49,720 --> 00:35:50,880 NOTED, IT IS IMPORTANT TO 784 00:35:50,880 --> 00:35:52,240 SHARE THIS WITH YOUR DOCTOR 785 00:35:52,240 --> 00:35:54,320 TOGETHER WITH SOME INFORMATION 786 00:35:54,320 --> 00:35:58,600 ABOUT WHAT POTENTIAL RISKS 787 00:35:58,600 --> 00:35:59,720 THAT MAY ENTAIL. 788 00:35:59,720 --> 00:36:03,560 SO WHAT IS VERY HEARTENING 789 00:36:03,560 --> 00:36:06,000 ABOUT THIS ENTIRE PROGRAM IS 790 00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:09,960 IT IS LIKELY THE MOST 791 00:36:09,960 --> 00:36:12,000 ETHICALLY RACIALLY ENRICHED 792 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:14,040 COHORT THAT NIH HAS EVER 793 00:36:14,040 --> 00:36:14,720 ASSEMBLED, PARTICULARLY 794 00:36:14,720 --> 00:36:17,200 SOMETHING OF THIS SIZE AND AS 795 00:36:17,200 --> 00:36:23,280 YOU CAN SEE FROM THE PIE 796 00:36:23,280 --> 00:36:34,000 GRAPH, IT IS CURRENTLY, YOU 797 00:36:34,000 --> 00:36:36,040 KNOW, WHITE PARTICIPANTS ARE 798 00:36:36,040 --> 00:36:41,600 THE MINORITY WHEN YOU COMPARE 799 00:36:41,600 --> 00:36:43,960 THE ENTIRE FILE AND CAREER 800 00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:47,320 LEVELS RANGE THE GAMUT. 801 00:36:47,320 --> 00:36:52,920 MANY ORGANIZATIONS ARE PARTING 802 00:36:52,920 --> 00:36:54,760 INCLUDING 28HBCUS AND 36 803 00:36:54,760 --> 00:36:55,520 HISPANIC SERVING INSTITUTIONS 804 00:36:55,520 --> 00:36:57,480 AND WE WILL CONTINUE THIS TO 805 00:36:57,480 --> 00:37:00,400 ENSURE THAT WE HAVE AN 806 00:37:00,400 --> 00:37:03,560 ETHICALLY AND RACIALLY DIVERSE 807 00:37:03,560 --> 00:37:04,200 COHORT. 808 00:37:04,200 --> 00:37:06,160 ALL THE OTHER COHORTS THAT 809 00:37:06,160 --> 00:37:10,640 HAVE BEEN ASSEMBLED ARE 810 00:37:10,640 --> 00:37:15,640 LARGELY EUROPEAN IN NATURE AND 811 00:37:15,640 --> 00:37:18,080 SO THIS IS REALLY ENRICHING 812 00:37:18,080 --> 00:37:18,920 OUR UNDERSTANDING AND WILL 813 00:37:18,920 --> 00:37:22,280 CONTINUE TO DO SO. 814 00:37:22,280 --> 00:37:24,240 OKAY, SO NOW I WILL STOP 815 00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:25,400 SPEAKING FOR A WHILE WHICH I 816 00:37:25,400 --> 00:37:26,960 AM SURE YOU ARE THRILLED ABOUT 817 00:37:26,960 --> 00:37:34,840 AND I AM GOING TO ASK 818 00:37:34,840 --> 00:37:36,360 MR. SHAPIRO TO COME TO THE 819 00:37:36,360 --> 00:37:42,360 TABLE TO GIVE US A BUDGET 820 00:37:42,360 --> 00:37:42,920 UPDATE. 821 00:37:42,920 --> 00:37:49,480 NEAL IS OUR BUDGET OFFICER. 822 00:37:49,480 --> 00:37:49,880 [ OFF MIC ] 823 00:37:49,880 --> 00:37:51,880 >> ALL RIGHT, THANK YOU, NEXT 824 00:37:51,880 --> 00:37:52,160 SLIDE. 825 00:37:52,160 --> 00:37:54,960 GOOD TO GET SOME INSTRUCTIONS. 826 00:37:54,960 --> 00:37:55,360 [LAUGHTER] 827 00:37:55,360 --> 00:37:59,360 SO WE ARE CURRENTLY, 828 00:37:59,360 --> 00:38:01,560 BUDGET-WISE, AT THE BEGINNING, 829 00:38:01,560 --> 00:38:02,840 EARLY IN FISCAL 2023. 830 00:38:02,840 --> 00:38:06,280 IT STARTED ON OCTOBER 1. 831 00:38:06,280 --> 00:38:08,880 AS IS COMMON, WOULD HE DID NOT 832 00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:09,640 RECEIVE OUR FINAL APPROPRIATE 833 00:38:09,640 --> 00:38:12,120 BY THAT POINT SO WE ARE 834 00:38:12,120 --> 00:38:13,600 CURRENTLY UNDER A CONTINUING 835 00:38:13,600 --> 00:38:14,360 RESOLUTION. 836 00:38:14,360 --> 00:38:18,520 IT LASTS UNTIL THE 16TH, NEXT 837 00:38:18,520 --> 00:38:19,200 FRIDAY. 838 00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:20,800 AND BASED ON WHERE WE 839 00:38:20,800 --> 00:38:23,760 UNDERSTAND CONGRESS IS IN 840 00:38:23,760 --> 00:38:26,960 TERMS OF NEGOTIATIONS ON A 841 00:38:26,960 --> 00:38:28,720 HOPEFULLY FULL YEAR 842 00:38:28,720 --> 00:38:29,600 APPROPRIATION, IT LOOKS LIKE 843 00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:32,320 THEY WILL NEED AT LEAST 844 00:38:32,320 --> 00:38:35,400 SEVERAL MORE WEEKS SO PROBABLY 845 00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:37,760 EARLY JANUARY WOULD BE THE 846 00:38:37,760 --> 00:38:39,160 SOONEST THAT WE WOULD BE ABLE 847 00:38:39,160 --> 00:38:42,760 TO SEE A COMPLETED BILL AND AS 848 00:38:42,760 --> 00:38:46,720 A RESULT, THE LIKELIHOOD IS 849 00:38:46,720 --> 00:38:49,560 THAT THEY WILL PASS ANOTHER 850 00:38:49,560 --> 00:38:50,640 CONTINUING RESOLUTION AND THEN 851 00:38:50,640 --> 00:38:52,480 HOPEFULLY THEY WILL BE ABLE TO 852 00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:55,480 FINISH THE JOB BY THEN. 853 00:38:55,480 --> 00:38:57,320 SO WE'RE CONTINUING UNDER THE 854 00:38:57,320 --> 00:39:00,320 SAME FUNDING LEVEL WE HAD IN 855 00:39:00,320 --> 00:39:02,720 '22, PRORATED BASED ON THE 856 00:39:02,720 --> 00:39:03,040 PERIOD. 857 00:39:03,040 --> 00:39:04,480 AND WHILE CONGRESS IS WORKING 858 00:39:04,480 --> 00:39:06,000 ON THAT, AND ADRIAN WILL TELL 859 00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:07,280 YOU A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT 860 00:39:07,280 --> 00:39:10,120 THE OTHER THINGS GOING ON 861 00:39:10,120 --> 00:39:11,960 RIGHT NOW, IT COULD 862 00:39:11,960 --> 00:39:16,560 POTENTIALLY INCLUDE BOTH AN A 863 00:39:16,560 --> 00:39:20,560 APPROPRIATION OMNIBUS AND 864 00:39:20,560 --> 00:39:21,200 POTENTIALLY SUPPLEMENTAL 865 00:39:21,200 --> 00:39:21,960 APPROPRIATIONS SUCH AS ONES WE 866 00:39:21,960 --> 00:39:24,520 HAVE HAD IN THE PAST FOR 867 00:39:24,520 --> 00:39:25,440 COVID-19. 868 00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:29,080 LAST POINT HERE IS ON THE TYPE 869 00:39:29,080 --> 00:39:30,480 1 DIABETES MANDATORY FUNDS, 870 00:39:30,480 --> 00:39:33,640 THAT IS NOT PART OF THE A 871 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:35,360 APPROPRIATION BUT DONE 872 00:39:35,360 --> 00:39:36,080 SEPARATELY. 873 00:39:36,080 --> 00:39:38,400 IT WAS REAUTHORIZED FOR THREE 874 00:39:38,400 --> 00:39:40,760 YEARS FOR 21 TO 23 AND SO 875 00:39:40,760 --> 00:39:43,040 BEYOND THAT YEAR, IT WILL NEED 876 00:39:43,040 --> 00:39:44,560 ADDITIONAL LEGISLATION TO 877 00:39:44,560 --> 00:39:46,080 CONTINUE INTO 2024 BUT THE 878 00:39:46,080 --> 00:39:50,240 FUNDS HAVE ALREADY COME. 879 00:39:50,240 --> 00:39:53,360 OKAY, SO A LITTLE RUNDOWN ON 880 00:39:53,360 --> 00:39:58,080 WHAT HAS HAPPENED SINCE OUR 881 00:39:58,080 --> 00:40:01,680 LAST A TV MEETING IN TERMS OF 882 00:40:01,680 --> 00:40:02,360 APPROPRIATIONS IN CONGRESS. 883 00:40:02,360 --> 00:40:04,080 FIRST IN THE HOUSE, OUR 884 00:40:04,080 --> 00:40:06,080 SUBCOMMITTEE WAS ABLE TO GET 885 00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:07,560 THROUGH THEIR MARKUP AS WELL 886 00:40:07,560 --> 00:40:10,360 AS THE FULL COMMITTEE MARKUP 887 00:40:10,360 --> 00:40:10,760 IN JUNE. 888 00:40:10,760 --> 00:40:13,760 IT WAS NOT INCLUDED IN A 889 00:40:13,760 --> 00:40:16,480 CONSOLIDATED BILL SO CONGRESS 890 00:40:16,480 --> 00:40:17,760 TOOK SEVERAL DIFFERENT 891 00:40:17,760 --> 00:40:19,160 SUBCOMMITTEE BILLS, COMBINED 892 00:40:19,160 --> 00:40:20,400 THEM INTO ONE. 893 00:40:20,400 --> 00:40:23,360 WE SOMETIMES CALL THAT A MINI 894 00:40:23,360 --> 00:40:25,240 BUS RATHER THAN AN OMNIBUS. 895 00:40:25,240 --> 00:40:26,760 THIS HAPPENED LAST YEAR AND 896 00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:28,840 OUR BILL WAS INCLUDED SO THERE 897 00:40:28,840 --> 00:40:30,000 WAS FLOOR ACTION IN THE VOTE 898 00:40:30,000 --> 00:40:31,160 ON THAT LAST YEAR. 899 00:40:31,160 --> 00:40:32,600 THIS YEAR, WE WERE NOT PART OF 900 00:40:32,600 --> 00:40:34,040 THAT BILL SO WHAT WE HAVE, 901 00:40:34,040 --> 00:40:35,560 WHAT CONGRESS IS WORKING OFF 902 00:40:35,560 --> 00:40:43,080 IS WHAT WAS APPROVED BY THE 903 00:40:43,080 --> 00:40:45,680 FULL COMMITTEE. 904 00:40:45,680 --> 00:40:49,200 THE INCREASE OVER 2022 WAS 905 00:40:49,200 --> 00:40:52,000 $2.5 BILLION NOT INCLUDING 906 00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:55,960 ARPA-H AND THAT INCLUDED 907 00:40:55,960 --> 00:41:02,160 ACROSS WILL THE BOARD AN 908 00:41:02,160 --> 00:41:05,120 INCREASE OF 3.2%. 909 00:41:05,120 --> 00:41:08,880 ARPA-H WAS FUNDED AT 910 00:41:08,880 --> 00:41:10,560 2.75 BILLION, EXCITED ABOUT 911 00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:15,160 THAT, AN INCREASE OVER FY202 912 00:41:15,160 --> 00:41:18,760 BUT WAS APPROPRIATED IN HHS 913 00:41:18,760 --> 00:41:20,920 BUT OUTSIDE NIH. 914 00:41:20,920 --> 00:41:22,280 SO THE ORIGINAL APPROPRIATION 915 00:41:22,280 --> 00:41:24,520 HAD IT IN HHS BUT WITH THE 916 00:41:24,520 --> 00:41:26,560 AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER TO NIH 917 00:41:26,560 --> 00:41:28,400 WHICH THE DEPARTMENT THEN DID 918 00:41:28,400 --> 00:41:30,760 BUT APPARENTLY IT HAS BEEN 919 00:41:30,760 --> 00:41:32,640 OPERATING WITHIN NIH BUT THAT 920 00:41:32,640 --> 00:41:34,080 IS STILL AN ISSUE THAT THE 921 00:41:34,080 --> 00:41:36,640 HOUSE AND SENATE HAVE YET TO 922 00:41:36,640 --> 00:41:37,560 AGREE ON. 923 00:41:37,560 --> 00:41:40,840 NEXT AND AS I NOTED BEFORE, IT 924 00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:42,240 IS WITHIN NIH IN THE SENATE 925 00:41:42,240 --> 00:41:44,560 MARK ALTHOUGH THEY DID NOT 926 00:41:44,560 --> 00:41:46,960 INCREASE THE FUNDING, THE 927 00:41:46,960 --> 00:41:48,560 $1 BILLION AND AS THE LAST TWO 928 00:41:48,560 --> 00:41:50,160 YEARS, THE SENATE DID NOT GET 929 00:41:50,160 --> 00:41:54,040 THROUGH THE SUBCOMMITTEE OR 930 00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:57,240 FULL COMMITTEE MARKUPS. 931 00:41:57,240 --> 00:42:00,080 SO THE MAJORITY IN THE SENATE 932 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:03,480 APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE 933 00:42:03,480 --> 00:42:04,720 RELEASED THEIR RECOMMENDED 934 00:42:04,720 --> 00:42:12,040 BILL UNDER REPORT LANGUAGE 935 00:42:12,040 --> 00:42:14,240 INCLUDING A 2.5 INCREASE FOR 936 00:42:14,240 --> 00:42:17,520 NIH, ACROSS THE BOARD INCREASE 937 00:42:17,520 --> 00:42:20,080 OF 3.1 PERCENT AS WELL AS 938 00:42:20,080 --> 00:42:22,120 SEVERAL RESEARCH AREAS SO THE 939 00:42:22,120 --> 00:42:23,320 HOUSE HAD MORE SUPPORT THAN 940 00:42:23,320 --> 00:42:24,320 THE SENATE DID. 941 00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:27,560 THE OTHER THING THAT WAS 942 00:42:27,560 --> 00:42:29,760 INCLUDED WAS THE $16.000000000 943 00:42:29,760 --> 00:42:31,240 OF EMERGENCY SUPPLEMENTAL 944 00:42:31,240 --> 00:42:36,160 FUNDING TO HHS FOR COVID-19 945 00:42:36,160 --> 00:42:38,400 WHICH CAN THEN BE DISTRIBUTED 946 00:42:38,400 --> 00:42:42,960 TO COMPONENTS OF HHS INCLUDING 947 00:42:42,960 --> 00:42:45,680 NIH WHICH HAS SEEN A FAIR 948 00:42:45,680 --> 00:42:47,640 SOURCE OF THE COVID-19 FUNDED. 949 00:42:47,640 --> 00:42:49,160 SO THIS IS LAYING OUT THE 950 00:42:49,160 --> 00:42:51,000 NUMBERS SO YOU CAN SORT OF SEE 951 00:42:51,000 --> 00:42:52,960 WHAT THE BIDDING WAS BETWEEN 952 00:42:52,960 --> 00:42:54,480 THE ADMINISTRATION, HOUSE AND 953 00:42:54,480 --> 00:42:55,080 SENATE. 954 00:42:55,080 --> 00:42:56,440 ONE THING I EXPLAINED BACK IN 955 00:42:56,440 --> 00:43:00,480 JUNE BUT WILL DO SO AGAIN, 956 00:43:00,480 --> 00:43:03,440 BETWEEN THE 2022 ENACTED AND 957 00:43:03,440 --> 00:43:04,440 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET, THOSE 958 00:43:04,440 --> 00:43:07,040 TWO WERE BASED ON DIFFERENT 959 00:43:07,040 --> 00:43:07,680 STARTING POINTS. 960 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:08,720 CONGRESS DIDN'T PASS THE BILL 961 00:43:08,720 --> 00:43:11,640 IN TIME FOR IT TO BE USED AS A 962 00:43:11,640 --> 00:43:14,120 BASELINE FOR THE PRESIDENT'S 963 00:43:14,120 --> 00:43:18,480 BUDGET SO THAT WAS WORKING OFF 964 00:43:18,480 --> 00:43:21,600 A 2022 CR LEVEL, SORT OF WHAT 965 00:43:21,600 --> 00:43:25,880 WE'RE DOING NOW WITH 2022, 966 00:43:25,880 --> 00:43:28,080 THAT WAS THE 2021 LEVEL BEING 967 00:43:28,080 --> 00:43:31,360 APPLIED IN EARLY 2022 AND AT 968 00:43:31,360 --> 00:43:38,320 THAT TIME, IT WAS 969 00:43:38,320 --> 00:43:39,160 $42.09 BOULLION -- BILLION. 970 00:43:39,160 --> 00:43:41,400 SO IT WAS PROPOSING ABOUT THE 971 00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:42,880 SAME INCREASE IN THE SAME 972 00:43:42,880 --> 00:43:45,840 RANGE AS THE HOUSE AND SENATE 973 00:43:45,840 --> 00:43:47,960 PROVIDED IN THE PRESIDENT'S 974 00:43:47,960 --> 00:43:49,880 BUDGET BUT FROM DIFFERENT 975 00:43:49,880 --> 00:43:50,880 STARTING POINTS. 976 00:43:50,880 --> 00:43:52,200 SO FORTUNATELY EVEN THOUGH 977 00:43:52,200 --> 00:43:53,080 THERE WASN'T THAT MUCH 978 00:43:53,080 --> 00:43:55,120 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE 979 00:43:55,120 --> 00:43:57,760 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET AND WHAT 980 00:43:57,760 --> 00:43:59,720 CONGRESS ENACTED, IN THEIR 981 00:43:59,720 --> 00:44:01,320 APPROPRIATIONS ACTION THEY 982 00:44:01,320 --> 00:44:05,080 STARTED FROM A NEW POINT WHICH 983 00:44:05,080 --> 00:44:07,760 ADDED $2.5 BILLION AS WELL AND 984 00:44:07,760 --> 00:44:09,560 THEN THE ARPA-H NUMBERS AS I 985 00:44:09,560 --> 00:44:10,880 SHOWED YOU BEFORE. 986 00:44:10,880 --> 00:44:12,360 THE OTHER PART OF THE 987 00:44:12,360 --> 00:44:19,760 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET WAS A 988 00:44:19,760 --> 00:44:20,920 $12.5 BILLION PANDEMIC 989 00:44:20,920 --> 00:44:22,600 PREPAREDNESS PROPOSAL THAT WAS 990 00:44:22,600 --> 00:44:25,000 MOVING BEYOND COVID-19 TO 991 00:44:25,000 --> 00:44:28,680 PREPARE FOR OTHER PANDEMICS 992 00:44:28,680 --> 00:44:30,760 IN THE FUTURE, THAT HAS NOT 993 00:44:30,760 --> 00:44:32,000 BEEN APPROVED BY CONGRESS SO 994 00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:34,640 IT HAS BEEN MORE DEALING WITH 995 00:44:34,640 --> 00:44:36,560 CURRENT VERSIONS OF COVID-19 996 00:44:36,560 --> 00:44:38,920 AND POTENTIAL NEW STRAINS TO 997 00:44:38,920 --> 00:44:40,560 PREPARE FOR THOSE. 998 00:44:40,560 --> 00:44:42,160 SO CURRENTLY THE 999 00:44:42,160 --> 00:44:45,760 ADMINISTRATION HAS PENDING FOR 1000 00:44:45,760 --> 00:44:48,920 HHS, A $9 BILLION SUPPLEMENTAL 1001 00:44:48,920 --> 00:44:51,320 REQUEST THAT IS NOT BROKEN OUT 1002 00:44:51,320 --> 00:44:54,560 BY COMPONENTS LIKE NIH BUT IT 1003 00:44:54,560 --> 00:44:56,160 INCLUDES ACTIVITIES SUCH AS 1004 00:44:56,160 --> 00:44:58,640 THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1005 00:44:58,640 --> 00:45:01,840 FOR VACCINES AND THERAPEUTICS 1006 00:45:01,840 --> 00:45:04,240 AND WELL AS ADDITIONAL FUNDING 1007 00:45:04,240 --> 00:45:05,960 THAT COULD GO TOWARDS 1008 00:45:05,960 --> 00:45:09,400 CONTINUING THE RECOVER 1009 00:45:09,400 --> 00:45:10,200 INITIATIVE FOR LONG-COVID. 1010 00:45:10,200 --> 00:45:11,720 BOTH OF THOSE, YOU WILL BE 1011 00:45:11,720 --> 00:45:12,960 HEARING ABOUT LATER TODAY AND 1012 00:45:12,960 --> 00:45:14,840 TOMORROW SO I WON'T GO INTO 1013 00:45:14,840 --> 00:45:17,320 TOO MUCH DETAIL. 1014 00:45:17,320 --> 00:45:17,600 NEXT? 1015 00:45:17,600 --> 00:45:19,560 AND THIS IS JUST TO GIVE YOU 1016 00:45:19,560 --> 00:45:21,440 AN IDEA OF SOME -- THIS IS 1017 00:45:21,440 --> 00:45:23,560 JUST A SAMPLING OF SOME OF THE 1018 00:45:23,560 --> 00:45:25,000 TARGETED INCREASES THAT WERE 1019 00:45:25,000 --> 00:45:26,960 IN THE PRESIDENT'S BUDGET, THE 1020 00:45:26,960 --> 00:45:30,560 HOUSE AND THE SENATE MARK. 1021 00:45:30,560 --> 00:45:33,000 WANTED TO SHOW THAT IN MANY 1022 00:45:33,000 --> 00:45:35,080 CASES THE HOUSE AND SENATE 1023 00:45:35,080 --> 00:45:37,240 HAVE BEEN SUPPORTIVE OF THE 1024 00:45:37,240 --> 00:45:38,640 PRIORITIES NIH HAS EXPRESSED. 1025 00:45:38,640 --> 00:45:40,080 SOME OF THESE HAVE BEEN 1026 00:45:40,080 --> 00:45:41,480 DISCUSSED OVER AND OVER, VERY 1027 00:45:41,480 --> 00:45:43,760 IMPORTANT THAT WE MAKE 1028 00:45:43,760 --> 00:45:44,320 PROGRESS ON. 1029 00:45:44,320 --> 00:45:46,760 THERE WAS SOME ADDITIONAL 1030 00:45:46,760 --> 00:45:49,160 FUNDING FOR SEVERAL OF THESE 1031 00:45:49,160 --> 00:45:54,360 IN 2022 AS WELL, FOR OPIOIDS, 1032 00:45:54,360 --> 00:45:56,040 HEALTH DISPARITIES, BUILDINGS 1033 00:45:56,040 --> 00:45:56,560 AND FACILITIES. 1034 00:45:56,560 --> 00:45:59,640 NUTRITION SCIENCE WAS A NEW 1035 00:45:59,640 --> 00:46:00,960 REQUEST FOR '23 SO GLAD THAT 1036 00:46:00,960 --> 00:46:03,240 IS GETTING SUPPORT FROM 1037 00:46:03,240 --> 00:46:03,880 CONGRESS. 1038 00:46:03,880 --> 00:46:06,000 ALSO WANTED TO NOTE 1039 00:46:06,000 --> 00:46:07,720 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE FUNDING 1040 00:46:07,720 --> 00:46:09,360 HAS BEEN RAMPED UP A GREAT 1041 00:46:09,360 --> 00:46:10,520 DEAL BY CONGRESS OVER THE LAST 1042 00:46:10,520 --> 00:46:11,200 SEVERAL YEARS. 1043 00:46:11,200 --> 00:46:12,960 THIS YEAR THE HOUSE WANTED TO 1044 00:46:12,960 --> 00:46:14,960 CONTINUE RAMPING UP 1045 00:46:14,960 --> 00:46:15,680 ALZHEIMER'S FUNDING, THE 1046 00:46:15,680 --> 00:46:17,480 SENATE DID NOT SO THAT IS A 1047 00:46:17,480 --> 00:46:19,080 CHANGE FROM WHAT WE HAVE SEEN 1048 00:46:19,080 --> 00:46:22,480 IN THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS, A 1049 00:46:22,480 --> 00:46:23,320 LITTLE DIFFERENCE ON OPINION 1050 00:46:23,320 --> 00:46:25,800 THERE HOW THEY WANT TO PROCEED 1051 00:46:25,800 --> 00:46:26,560 WITH ALZHEIMER'S. 1052 00:46:26,560 --> 00:46:36,320 AND WITH THAT, I WILL TURN IT 1053 00:46:36,320 --> 00:46:45,880 OVER TO AJ. 1054 00:46:45,880 --> 00:46:46,240 >> HELLO. 1055 00:46:46,240 --> 00:46:48,120 SO I GET THE VERY FUN JOB 1056 00:46:48,120 --> 00:46:50,320 TRYING TO EXPLAIN CONGRESS AND 1057 00:46:50,320 --> 00:46:51,280 WHAT IS HAPPENING. 1058 00:46:51,280 --> 00:46:52,760 NEXT SLIDE, GO AHEAD. 1059 00:46:52,760 --> 00:46:53,680 LET'S JUMP IN. 1060 00:46:53,680 --> 00:46:56,960 SO NORMALLY I WOULD SPEND THE 1061 00:46:56,960 --> 00:46:58,000 ENTIRE TIME TALKING ABOUT LAME 1062 00:46:58,000 --> 00:47:00,280 DUCK AND WHAT WILL HAPPEN BUT 1063 00:47:00,280 --> 00:47:02,720 NO ONE ACTUALLY KNOWS. 1064 00:47:02,720 --> 00:47:04,320 THERE IS A LONG LIST OF THINGS 1065 00:47:04,320 --> 00:47:05,480 THAT THEY ARE THINKING ABOUT, 1066 00:47:05,480 --> 00:47:09,000 THAT THEY WANT TO GET DONE IN 1067 00:47:09,000 --> 00:47:11,280 THE NEXT 20 DAYS, NOT CLEAR 1068 00:47:11,280 --> 00:47:15,160 WHAT AND HOW AND WHEN. 1069 00:47:15,160 --> 00:47:17,400 THE APPROPRIATION GOVERNMENT 1070 00:47:17,400 --> 00:47:18,720 FUNDING DOES EXPIRE 1071 00:47:18,720 --> 00:47:19,160 DECEMBER 16TH. 1072 00:47:19,160 --> 00:47:22,080 THAT IS NEXT WEEK. 1073 00:47:22,080 --> 00:47:24,360 AT THE MOMENT, WHAT'S 1074 00:47:24,360 --> 00:47:27,520 HAPPENING IS THAT THE -- THEY 1075 00:47:27,520 --> 00:47:29,360 CAN'T AGREE ON TOP LINE 1076 00:47:29,360 --> 00:47:30,840 FIGURES FOR GOVERNMENT 1077 00:47:30,840 --> 00:47:32,360 SPENDING ACROSS THE BOARD. 1078 00:47:32,360 --> 00:47:34,200 THERE HAS BEEN AN AGREEMENT ON 1079 00:47:34,200 --> 00:47:35,360 DEFENSE SPENDING IN LINE WITH 1080 00:47:35,360 --> 00:47:37,560 WHAT HAS COME OUT OF THE 1081 00:47:37,560 --> 00:47:38,280 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 1082 00:47:38,280 --> 00:47:40,120 ACT WHICH IS JUST AN 1083 00:47:40,120 --> 00:47:42,560 AUTHORIZATION, DOESN'T HAVE 1084 00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:43,560 THE MONEY. 1085 00:47:43,560 --> 00:47:44,760 A APPROPRIATIONS BILL CARRIES 1086 00:47:44,760 --> 00:47:46,920 THE MONEY BUT THEY CAN'T AGREE 1087 00:47:46,920 --> 00:47:49,160 ON EVERYTHING ELSE, THE 1088 00:47:49,160 --> 00:47:50,560 NONDEFENSE SPENDING. 1089 00:47:50,560 --> 00:47:53,720 REPUBLICANS ARE ARGUING 1090 00:47:53,720 --> 00:47:55,240 BECAUSE OF THE RECONCILIATION 1091 00:47:55,240 --> 00:47:56,760 BILLS THAT HAVE GONE THROUGH, 1092 00:47:56,760 --> 00:47:58,760 THAT WAS THE BIG INCREASE SO 1093 00:47:58,760 --> 00:48:01,840 THEY WANT TO KEEP NONDEFENSE 1094 00:48:01,840 --> 00:48:03,040 LOWER IN THE GENERAL 1095 00:48:03,040 --> 00:48:03,840 GOVERNMENT FUNDING BILL AND 1096 00:48:03,840 --> 00:48:07,360 THERE IS A DIFFERENCE IN 1097 00:48:07,360 --> 00:48:09,120 $25 BILLION AT STAKE RIGHT NOW 1098 00:48:09,120 --> 00:48:10,280 ACROSS THE NONDEFENSE AGENCIES 1099 00:48:10,280 --> 00:48:11,400 OF WHICH WE ARE ONE. 1100 00:48:11,400 --> 00:48:13,160 THERE IS SOME DISCUSSION, AND 1101 00:48:13,160 --> 00:48:17,000 WE'LL GET INTO WHAT THE 1102 00:48:17,000 --> 00:48:18,960 LEADERSHIP HAS BUT LEADERSHIP 1103 00:48:18,960 --> 00:48:20,240 BATTLES ARE IMPACTING THE FACT 1104 00:48:20,240 --> 00:48:22,600 WE CAN'T GET A LOT OF THESE 1105 00:48:22,600 --> 00:48:23,280 AGREEMENTS COMING TOGETHER. 1106 00:48:23,280 --> 00:48:25,120 THERE IS A LOT HAPPENING IN 1107 00:48:25,120 --> 00:48:28,280 THE LAME DUCK TO DECIDE WHO IS 1108 00:48:28,280 --> 00:48:30,240 GOING TO CONTROL BOTH HOUSES 1109 00:48:30,240 --> 00:48:33,200 AND THAT IS IMPACTING THIS. 1110 00:48:33,200 --> 00:48:34,240 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 1111 00:48:34,240 --> 00:48:37,000 ACT IS HUNG UP OVER ISSUES 1112 00:48:37,000 --> 00:48:38,960 AROUND COVID, VACCINE 1113 00:48:38,960 --> 00:48:42,040 MANDATES, SEXUAL HARASSMENT, 1114 00:48:42,040 --> 00:48:43,040 OTHER SOCIAL ISSUES. 1115 00:48:43,040 --> 00:48:45,520 WE CARE ABOUT IT BECAUSE IT 1116 00:48:45,520 --> 00:48:47,920 OFTEN CARRIES POLICIES THAT 1117 00:48:47,920 --> 00:48:48,480 IMPACT US. 1118 00:48:48,480 --> 00:48:51,080 ONE THAT IS IN THE DRAFT THAT 1119 00:48:51,080 --> 00:48:54,360 WE HAVE SEEN IS INTERNATIONAL 1120 00:48:54,360 --> 00:48:55,360 PREPAREDNESS FOR PANDEMIC. 1121 00:48:55,360 --> 00:48:57,760 THERE IS SOME PROVISIONS 1122 00:48:57,760 --> 00:49:01,000 RELATED TO INCREASING THE 1123 00:49:01,000 --> 00:49:03,320 GOVERNMENT'S POSTURE TOWARD 1124 00:49:03,320 --> 00:49:04,200 GLOBAL COOPERATION. 1125 00:49:04,200 --> 00:49:08,200 THERE IS ALSO A SECTION ON 1126 00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:09,280 PFAS CHEMICALS, THE FOREVER 1127 00:49:09,280 --> 00:49:09,640 CHEMICALS. 1128 00:49:09,640 --> 00:49:12,520 SO THERE IS SOME MONEY THERE 1129 00:49:12,520 --> 00:49:15,560 FOR HHS TO DO SOME STUDY ON 1130 00:49:15,560 --> 00:49:17,600 HEALTH IMPLICATIONS. 1131 00:49:17,600 --> 00:49:19,520 THERE IS ALSO A BRAIN HEALTH 1132 00:49:19,520 --> 00:49:21,680 INITIATIVE TO STUDY AND 1133 00:49:21,680 --> 00:49:23,840 IMPROVE THE COGNITIVE HEALTH 1134 00:49:23,840 --> 00:49:24,280 OF THE FORCES. 1135 00:49:24,280 --> 00:49:27,040 SO THERE ARE A NUMBER OF 1136 00:49:27,040 --> 00:49:28,960 HEALTH RELATED PROVISIONS AND 1137 00:49:28,960 --> 00:49:29,600 GOVERNMENT PROVISIONS WE'RE 1138 00:49:29,600 --> 00:49:29,960 WATCHING. 1139 00:49:29,960 --> 00:49:31,800 THERE ARE A LOT OF HEALTH 1140 00:49:31,800 --> 00:49:35,040 BILLS THAT ARE SORT OF 1141 00:49:35,040 --> 00:49:36,560 FLOATING OUT THERE. 1142 00:49:36,560 --> 00:49:38,960 THE PREVENT ACT WHICH IS 1143 00:49:38,960 --> 00:49:41,360 PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AGAIN, 1144 00:49:41,360 --> 00:49:43,560 THE ARPA-A AUTHORIZATION, THE 1145 00:49:43,560 --> 00:49:44,400 TECHNICAL FIXES THAT PEOPLE 1146 00:49:44,400 --> 00:49:47,440 WANT TO DO TO THE FDA USER 1147 00:49:47,440 --> 00:49:50,960 FEES AFTER THIS PAST YEAR, ALL 1148 00:49:50,960 --> 00:49:52,720 OF THESE THINGS HAVE 1149 00:49:52,720 --> 00:49:53,400 NEGOTIATING AROUND CONGRESS 1150 00:49:53,400 --> 00:49:54,400 BUT THE QUESTION IS HOW YOU 1151 00:49:54,400 --> 00:49:56,880 GET THEM TO THE FINISH LINE. 1152 00:49:56,880 --> 00:49:57,400 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 1153 00:49:57,400 --> 00:49:59,280 SO WHY ARE WE IN THIS 1154 00:49:59,280 --> 00:49:59,640 SITUATION? 1155 00:49:59,640 --> 00:50:01,120 WELL, WE HAD AN ELECTION. 1156 00:50:01,120 --> 00:50:03,360 I WILL NOT TALK A LOT ABOUT 1157 00:50:03,360 --> 00:50:03,800 THE ELECTION. 1158 00:50:03,800 --> 00:50:10,480 IT HAS BEEN IN YOUR NEWSPAPER 1159 00:50:10,480 --> 00:50:12,040 AD NAUSEAU THE PAST FEW WEEKS 1160 00:50:12,040 --> 00:50:14,800 SO NOT TO BEAT A DEAD HORSE 1161 00:50:14,800 --> 00:50:17,120 BUT THIS IS REALLY 1162 00:50:17,120 --> 00:50:17,680 INTERESTING. 1163 00:50:17,680 --> 00:50:18,960 WHEN INCUMBENTS RAN, THEY WON 1164 00:50:18,960 --> 00:50:20,720 ACROSS THE BOARD SO THIS IS 1165 00:50:20,720 --> 00:50:22,680 REALLY A SIGNAL, I THOUGHT OF 1166 00:50:22,680 --> 00:50:29,440 WHAT HAPPENED IN THE 1167 00:50:29,440 --> 00:50:30,080 ELECTORATE. 1168 00:50:30,080 --> 00:50:30,480 NEXT SLIDE. 1169 00:50:30,480 --> 00:50:31,120 [ HEAVY SIGH ] 1170 00:50:31,120 --> 00:50:31,800 A NEW CONGRESS. 1171 00:50:31,800 --> 00:50:34,320 HOW CONGRESS WORKS ON A VERY 1172 00:50:34,320 --> 00:50:37,040 BASIC LEVEL IS THAT IT 1173 00:50:37,040 --> 00:50:38,560 ENTIRELY REMAKES ITSELF EVERY 1174 00:50:38,560 --> 00:50:39,480 TWO YEARS. 1175 00:50:39,480 --> 00:50:41,680 ALL THE RULES GET THROWN OUT, 1176 00:50:41,680 --> 00:50:43,080 ALL THE STRUCTURES GET THROWN 1177 00:50:43,080 --> 00:50:45,360 OUT, THEY VOTE ON EVERYTHING. 1178 00:50:45,360 --> 00:50:46,960 SO ANYTHING IS ON THE TABLE, 1179 00:50:46,960 --> 00:50:51,120 ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN RIGHT NOW. 1180 00:50:51,120 --> 00:50:53,680 THEY VOTE ON NEW LEADERS, 1181 00:50:53,680 --> 00:50:54,360 ABSOLUTELY EVERY STRUCTURE, 1182 00:50:54,360 --> 00:50:55,440 WHAT COMMITTEES THEY WILL 1183 00:50:55,440 --> 00:50:57,400 HAVE, HOW MANY MEMBERS WILL BE 1184 00:50:57,400 --> 00:50:58,760 ON THOSE COMMITTEES. 1185 00:50:58,760 --> 00:51:01,160 WE THINK OF THESE THINGS AS 1186 00:51:01,160 --> 00:51:02,120 ENDURING BECAUSE THEY OFTEN 1187 00:51:02,120 --> 00:51:04,960 MOVE FORWARD JUST LIKE THE 1188 00:51:04,960 --> 00:51:10,640 PREVIOUS YEAR, BUT IT IS ALL 1189 00:51:10,640 --> 00:51:11,440 ON THE TABLE. 1190 00:51:11,440 --> 00:51:12,160 RULES TO WATCH. 1191 00:51:12,160 --> 00:51:13,240 WE THINK IN THE HOUSE THERE 1192 00:51:13,240 --> 00:51:15,200 WILL BE SOME CONVERSATION 1193 00:51:15,200 --> 00:51:18,360 ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT THEY WILL 1194 00:51:18,360 --> 00:51:19,560 CONTINUE THE PROXY VOTING. 1195 00:51:19,560 --> 00:51:20,880 A LOT OF MEMBERS LIKE TO BE 1196 00:51:20,880 --> 00:51:22,840 ABLE TO VOTE FROM CALIFORNIA 1197 00:51:22,840 --> 00:51:24,200 OR OTHER PLACES. 1198 00:51:24,200 --> 00:51:25,720 TERM LIMITS, DEBATE ON 1199 00:51:25,720 --> 00:51:27,000 EARMARKS, WILL WE HAVE THEM, 1200 00:51:27,000 --> 00:51:29,360 AND A RULE CHANGE FOR HOW TO 1201 00:51:29,360 --> 00:51:29,920 REMOVE THE SPEAKER. 1202 00:51:29,920 --> 00:51:31,760 THIS IS SOMETHING YOU SEE FROM 1203 00:51:31,760 --> 00:51:36,200 SOME OF THE MORE EXTREME 1204 00:51:36,200 --> 00:51:38,360 FACTIONS IN THE CONGRESS. 1205 00:51:38,360 --> 00:51:40,760 THERE WILL BE SOME INTERESTING 1206 00:51:40,760 --> 00:51:43,360 AND VERY PASSIONATE DEBATE, I 1207 00:51:43,360 --> 00:51:46,200 PREDICT. 1208 00:51:46,200 --> 00:51:47,960 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 1209 00:51:47,960 --> 00:51:48,960 MAJORITY SIDE MATTERS. 1210 00:51:48,960 --> 00:51:50,280 THE MARGINS KEEP GETTING 1211 00:51:50,280 --> 00:51:50,640 SLIMMER. 1212 00:51:50,640 --> 00:51:52,280 THERE IS A ONE-SEAT MAJORITY 1213 00:51:52,280 --> 00:51:53,040 IN THE HOUSE. 1214 00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:53,680 WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? 1215 00:51:53,680 --> 00:51:58,520 IF YOU WANT TO HAVE A ONE-SEAT 1216 00:51:58,520 --> 00:51:59,440 MAJORITY, THESE CAUCUSES, WE 1217 00:51:59,440 --> 00:52:03,000 CAN THINK OF THEM LIKE 1218 00:52:03,000 --> 00:52:04,160 FACTIONS, IT IS ALMOST LIKE 1219 00:52:04,160 --> 00:52:05,200 THEY ARE REPUBLICANS AND SAY 1220 00:52:05,200 --> 00:52:06,520 THEY HAVE A MAJORITY BUT WHAT 1221 00:52:06,520 --> 00:52:08,800 THEY HAVE IS REALLY A SORT OF 1222 00:52:08,800 --> 00:52:09,520 COALITION GOVERNMENT AND THAT 1223 00:52:09,520 --> 00:52:12,080 IS WHAT YOU SEE ON BOTH SIDES. 1224 00:52:12,080 --> 00:52:13,680 THEY ARE COALITIONS THAT AGREE 1225 00:52:13,680 --> 00:52:15,320 TO WORK TOGETHER UNDER AN 1226 00:52:15,320 --> 00:52:16,840 UMBRELLA AND MOVE FORWARD ON 1227 00:52:16,840 --> 00:52:18,640 POLICIES BUT YOU WILL HEAR A 1228 00:52:18,640 --> 00:52:20,800 LOT ABOUT THIS OVER THE NEXT 1229 00:52:20,800 --> 00:52:22,680 TWO YEARS BECAUSE THESE GROUPS 1230 00:52:22,680 --> 00:52:26,120 WILL BE PUSHING FOR DIFFERENT 1231 00:52:26,120 --> 00:52:27,000 POLICIES, DIFFERENT POSTURES, 1232 00:52:27,000 --> 00:52:28,080 DIFFERENT POWER. 1233 00:52:28,080 --> 00:52:29,600 IN THE MAJORITY, WE HAVE A 1234 00:52:29,600 --> 00:52:32,120 SPECIAL ELECTION, A RUNOFF 1235 00:52:32,120 --> 00:52:33,880 THIS WEEK, THEY GAINED ONE 1236 00:52:33,880 --> 00:52:34,320 SEAT. 1237 00:52:34,320 --> 00:52:36,560 WHAT IS INTERESTING ABOUT THIS 1238 00:52:36,560 --> 00:52:37,800 FOR THE SENATE IS THAT 1239 00:52:37,800 --> 00:52:39,640 COMMITTEES, SO IN THE HOUSE 1240 00:52:39,640 --> 00:52:40,760 YOU HAVE 535 MEMBERS, YOU 1241 00:52:40,760 --> 00:52:41,920 CAN'T HAVE A TIE. 1242 00:52:41,920 --> 00:52:43,640 IN THE SENATE YOU HAVE 100 1243 00:52:43,640 --> 00:52:45,360 MEMBERS, YOU CAN HAVE A TIE. 1244 00:52:45,360 --> 00:52:49,120 IN THE LAST CONGRESS, WE HAD A 1245 00:52:49,120 --> 00:52:50,280 50/50 SENATE WHICH MEANT THEY 1246 00:52:50,280 --> 00:52:57,160 SHARED POWER HE EQUALLY. 1247 00:52:57,160 --> 00:52:59,000 IT MEANT NO PARTY COULD SHARE 1248 00:52:59,000 --> 00:52:59,960 A SUBPOENA. 1249 00:52:59,960 --> 00:53:02,200 IT MEANT THE MONEY, THE 1250 00:53:02,200 --> 00:53:03,520 MEMBERS WERE SPLIT EQUALLY. 1251 00:53:03,520 --> 00:53:06,240 IN THE CASE OF A TIE IN 1252 00:53:06,240 --> 00:53:07,600 COMMITTEE, NOTHING WENT 1253 00:53:07,600 --> 00:53:09,200 FORWARD SO THIS ONE SEAT 1254 00:53:09,200 --> 00:53:11,760 MAJORITY MATTERS A LOT FOR HOW 1255 00:53:11,760 --> 00:53:12,440 THE SENATE WILL FUNCTION. 1256 00:53:12,440 --> 00:53:15,000 IT IS STILL REALLY TIGHT AND 1257 00:53:15,000 --> 00:53:16,560 YOU STILL NEED 60 VOTES TO DO 1258 00:53:16,560 --> 00:53:16,920 ANYTHING. 1259 00:53:16,920 --> 00:53:19,280 I LIKE TO TELL MY IC DIRECTORS 1260 00:53:19,280 --> 00:53:23,320 AT THE END OF THE DAY, THERE 1261 00:53:23,320 --> 00:53:25,120 ARE 218 IN THE HOUSE, YOU NEED 1262 00:53:25,120 --> 00:53:26,880 60 VOTES IN THE SENATE. 1263 00:53:26,880 --> 00:53:27,320 NEXT SLIDE. 1264 00:53:27,320 --> 00:53:29,760 SO IN THE HOUSE ON THE 1265 00:53:29,760 --> 00:53:30,800 DEMOCRATIC SIDE, WE'RE GOING 1266 00:53:30,800 --> 00:53:34,440 TO HAVE A BIG GENERATIONAL 1267 00:53:34,440 --> 00:53:34,760 SHIFT. 1268 00:53:34,760 --> 00:53:38,320 NANCY PELOSI STEPPED DOWN, 1269 00:53:38,320 --> 00:53:39,800 SIDNEY HOYER STEPPED DOWN. 1270 00:53:39,800 --> 00:53:44,280 THERE ARE STILL MEMBERS OF THE 1271 00:53:44,280 --> 00:53:46,680 CAUCUS WHICH WILL BE NICE FOR 1272 00:53:46,680 --> 00:53:48,040 THE LEADERSHIP TO RELY ON THEM 1273 00:53:48,040 --> 00:53:50,360 BUT THERE WILL BE A BIG SHIFT. 1274 00:53:50,360 --> 00:53:51,760 AND SOME OF THE JUNIOR MEMBERS 1275 00:53:51,760 --> 00:53:54,160 ARE SAYING A LOT OF SENIOR 1276 00:53:54,160 --> 00:53:55,640 MEMBERS HAVE LEADERSHIP POSTS 1277 00:53:55,640 --> 00:53:56,840 AND SENIOR COMMITTEE POSTS. 1278 00:53:56,840 --> 00:53:58,560 LET'S BREAK THAT UP A LITTLE 1279 00:53:58,560 --> 00:53:58,800 BIT. 1280 00:53:58,800 --> 00:54:02,960 SO THAT IS A DISCUSSION THAT 1281 00:54:02,960 --> 00:54:04,560 IS VERY PROMINENT IN THE 1282 00:54:04,560 --> 00:54:08,480 SENATE DEMOCRATS. 1283 00:54:08,480 --> 00:54:10,000 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 1284 00:54:10,000 --> 00:54:10,840 POSTS. 1285 00:54:10,840 --> 00:54:12,400 SO KEVIN McCARTH Y IS 1286 00:54:12,400 --> 00:54:12,960 RUNNING FOR SPEAKER. 1287 00:54:12,960 --> 00:54:15,760 HE HAS A ONE-SEAT MAJORITY AND 1288 00:54:15,760 --> 00:54:17,240 FIVE MEMBERS OF THE CAUCUS 1289 00:54:17,240 --> 00:54:19,840 HAVE SAID THEY WILL NOT VOTE 1290 00:54:19,840 --> 00:54:20,360 FOR HIM. 1291 00:54:20,360 --> 00:54:22,560 THE GOOD NEWS FOR KEVIN 1292 00:54:22,560 --> 00:54:23,360 McCARTHY IS THEY HAVEN'T 1293 00:54:23,360 --> 00:54:25,120 SAID THEY WILL VOTE FOR 1294 00:54:25,120 --> 00:54:25,920 SOMEBODY ELSE EITHER. 1295 00:54:25,920 --> 00:54:27,360 THERE IS NOBODY WAITING IN THE 1296 00:54:27,360 --> 00:54:27,680 WINGS. 1297 00:54:27,680 --> 00:54:31,840 SO A LOT OF THE POSTURING 1298 00:54:31,840 --> 00:54:32,960 AROUND APPROPRIATIONS HAVE TO 1299 00:54:32,960 --> 00:54:35,840 DO WITH HIS KEEPING HIS 1300 00:54:35,840 --> 00:54:37,040 COALITION TOGETHER. 1301 00:54:37,040 --> 00:54:38,880 IF HE WINS ONE VOTE ON THE 1302 00:54:38,880 --> 00:54:40,000 REPUBLICAN SIDE, HE BECOMES 1303 00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:40,480 SPEAKER. 1304 00:54:40,480 --> 00:54:43,200 IT IS A MAJORITY VOTE. 1305 00:54:43,200 --> 00:54:45,320 BUT I THINK KEVIN McCARTHY 1306 00:54:45,320 --> 00:54:48,560 IS GOING TO GET THE NOD. 1307 00:54:48,560 --> 00:54:50,000 NEXT SLIDE? 1308 00:54:50,000 --> 00:54:52,120 THE SENATE, PRETTY STABLE ON 1309 00:54:52,120 --> 00:54:52,880 THE REPUBLICAN SIDE. 1310 00:54:52,880 --> 00:54:54,240 THIS TEAM HAS BEEN TOGETHER 1311 00:54:54,240 --> 00:54:55,560 FOR A WHILE AND THEY ARE 1312 00:54:55,560 --> 00:54:57,400 PRETTY USED TO WORKING 1313 00:54:57,400 --> 00:54:57,760 TOGETHER. 1314 00:54:57,760 --> 00:55:00,840 SO THAT WILL BE A HELP TO 1315 00:55:00,840 --> 00:55:01,920 KEVIN McCARTHY. 1316 00:55:01,920 --> 00:55:02,480 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 1317 00:55:02,480 --> 00:55:05,000 WE HAVE NEW LEADERSHIP SO WHEN 1318 00:55:05,000 --> 00:55:06,760 WE MOVED ON THE HEALTH POLICY 1319 00:55:06,760 --> 00:55:10,520 PANEL IN THE SENATE FROM TOM 1320 00:55:10,520 --> 00:55:13,760 HARKIN TO PATTY MURRAY, FROM 1321 00:55:13,760 --> 00:55:14,760 LAMAR ALEXANDER TO RICHARD 1322 00:55:14,760 --> 00:55:17,200 BURKE, THEY WERE VERY STABLE 1323 00:55:17,200 --> 00:55:19,760 AND ALIGN. 1324 00:55:19,760 --> 00:55:26,320 MOVING FROM PATTY MURRAY, THEY 1325 00:55:26,320 --> 00:55:28,360 ARE NOT IN THE SAME PLACE SO 1326 00:55:28,360 --> 00:55:29,960 WE ARE WATCHING FROM THE NEW 1327 00:55:29,960 --> 00:55:33,160 MEMBERS WHAT THEY WANT TO DO 1328 00:55:33,160 --> 00:55:36,640 WITH THE NEW GAVEL. 1329 00:55:36,640 --> 00:55:39,400 BERNIE SANDERS WILL FOCUSES ON 1330 00:55:39,400 --> 00:55:40,440 UNIVERSAL HEALTH, LOWERING 1331 00:55:40,440 --> 00:55:43,280 COST OF PRESCRIPTION DRUGS, 1332 00:55:43,280 --> 00:55:44,720 INCREASING ACCESS TO HIGHER 1333 00:55:44,720 --> 00:55:48,920 EDUCATION AND PROTECTING 1334 00:55:48,920 --> 00:55:50,400 WORKERS RIGHTS. 1335 00:55:50,400 --> 00:55:58,680 ON THE OTHER SIDE, YOU CAN SEE 1336 00:55:58,680 --> 00:55:59,080 THE AGENDA. 1337 00:55:59,080 --> 00:56:01,160 I THINK WE WILL HAVE A NOMINEE 1338 00:56:01,160 --> 00:56:02,960 AND ALL THOSE NOMINATIONS GO 1339 00:56:02,960 --> 00:56:05,160 THROUGH HEALTH SO WE DO EXPECT 1340 00:56:05,160 --> 00:56:07,760 TO WORK WITH THE HEALTH COMMIT 1341 00:56:07,760 --> 00:56:08,480 PRETTY CLOSELY. 1342 00:56:08,480 --> 00:56:09,880 HOUSE LEADERS, THIS HAS BEEN 1343 00:56:09,880 --> 00:56:11,160 IN THE NEWS A LOT HAS SAID 1344 00:56:11,160 --> 00:56:15,040 WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS FOCUS ON 1345 00:56:15,040 --> 00:56:15,400 OVERSIGHT. 1346 00:56:15,400 --> 00:56:17,360 SO WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? 1347 00:56:17,360 --> 00:56:19,680 JIM JORDAN IS THE EXPECTED 1348 00:56:19,680 --> 00:56:22,000 CHAIRMAN OF THE HOUSE 1349 00:56:22,000 --> 00:56:23,640 JUDICIARY COMMITTEE, HE SEEMS 1350 00:56:23,640 --> 00:56:24,760 PRESS COY ABOUT WHAT EXACTLY 1351 00:56:24,760 --> 00:56:30,000 HE WANTS TO FOCUS ON. 1352 00:56:30,000 --> 00:56:31,760 THE SECRETARY OF THE HOUSE 1353 00:56:31,760 --> 00:56:32,920 OVERSIGHT, WANTS TO WATCH THE 1354 00:56:32,920 --> 00:56:35,800 MONEY, SEE WHERE THE MONEY 1355 00:56:35,800 --> 00:56:36,120 WENT. 1356 00:56:36,120 --> 00:56:36,920 NEXT SLIDE. 1357 00:56:36,920 --> 00:56:40,240 ROGERS, THE NEW EXPECTED TO BE 1358 00:56:40,240 --> 00:56:42,520 CHAIRWOMAN OF THE HOUSE ENERGY 1359 00:56:42,520 --> 00:56:51,560 AND COMMERCE COMMITTEE HAS 1360 00:56:51,560 --> 00:56:52,760 SAID THREE THINGS. 1361 00:56:52,760 --> 00:56:54,960 AND I THINK THAT WILL BE THE 1362 00:56:54,960 --> 00:56:55,760 NEXT THREE THINGS. 1363 00:56:55,760 --> 00:56:57,200 WHAT WILL WE BE DOING? 1364 00:56:57,200 --> 00:56:59,160 WELL, WE HAVE HAD A RECORD 1365 00:56:59,160 --> 00:57:00,880 NUMBER OF RETIREMENTS NOT JUST 1366 00:57:00,880 --> 00:57:03,280 IN THIS PAST ELECTION BUT THE 1367 00:57:03,280 --> 00:57:04,560 ELECTION BEFORE THAT AND THE 1368 00:57:04,560 --> 00:57:06,520 ELECTION BEFORE THAT SO THE 1369 00:57:06,520 --> 00:57:07,920 VAST MAJORITY OF MEMBERS OF 1370 00:57:07,920 --> 00:57:09,160 CONGRESS PARTICULARLY IN THE 1371 00:57:09,160 --> 00:57:11,440 HOUSE REALLY ONLY KNOW NIH 1372 00:57:11,440 --> 00:57:13,960 FROM COVID. 1373 00:57:13,960 --> 00:57:15,720 THEY KNOW OUR VACCINE, KNOW US 1374 00:57:15,720 --> 00:57:18,160 WELL IN TERMS OF COVID BUT 1375 00:57:18,160 --> 00:57:20,200 DON'T KNOW ALL THE VAST 1376 00:57:20,200 --> 00:57:21,520 AMOUNTS OF RESEARCH WE DO AND 1377 00:57:21,520 --> 00:57:23,800 HOW WE WORK WITH THEIR 1378 00:57:23,800 --> 00:57:25,640 CONSTITUENTS, HOW WE PLAY OUT 1379 00:57:25,640 --> 00:57:27,160 IN THEIR DISTRICTS OTHER THAN 1380 00:57:27,160 --> 00:57:27,520 COVID. 1381 00:57:27,520 --> 00:57:29,960 WE ARE GOING TO NEED TO 1382 00:57:29,960 --> 00:57:30,840 DEVELOP MORE CHAMPIONS. 1383 00:57:30,840 --> 00:57:32,760 AS THE CONVERSATION GETS 1384 00:57:32,760 --> 00:57:33,800 BROADER THAN COVID, WE'RE 1385 00:57:33,800 --> 00:57:35,800 GOING TO BE LOOKING FOR PEOPLE 1386 00:57:35,800 --> 00:57:38,040 WHO WANT TO CARRY WATER FOR US 1387 00:57:38,040 --> 00:57:39,760 AND THIRD, WE'RE ALWAYS ON 1388 00:57:39,760 --> 00:57:41,920 LOOKOUT FOR A NOMINEE AND 1389 00:57:41,920 --> 00:57:44,720 WORKING WITH HHS TO GET THAT 1390 00:57:44,720 --> 00:57:49,840 PERSON TO CONFIRMATION. 1391 00:57:49,840 --> 00:57:51,000 NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 1392 00:57:51,000 --> 00:57:53,120 >> THANKS TO BOTH OF YOU. 1393 00:57:53,120 --> 00:57:55,080 I GUESS WE'LL HOLD QUESTIONS 1394 00:57:55,080 --> 00:57:58,240 JUST FOR A MOMENT BECAUSE I 1395 00:57:58,240 --> 00:58:00,120 JUST WANT TO SPEND LITERALLY A 1396 00:58:00,120 --> 00:58:02,600 COUPLE OF MINUTES TALKING TO 1397 00:58:02,600 --> 00:58:05,160 YOU ABOUT, YOU KNOW, LEADING 1398 00:58:05,160 --> 00:58:09,160 THROUGH TURBULENT TIMES, OKAY? 1399 00:58:09,160 --> 00:58:11,400 EVERY SINGLE DAY, SOMEBODY 1400 00:58:11,400 --> 00:58:15,800 ASKS ME HOW AM I DOING. 1401 00:58:15,800 --> 00:58:19,240 AND I DON'T THINK THEY ARE 1402 00:58:19,240 --> 00:58:22,600 MAKING A COMMENTARY ABOUT MY 1403 00:58:22,600 --> 00:58:23,960 HEALTH AND SO FORTH. 1404 00:58:23,960 --> 00:58:25,560 YOU KNOW, HOW ARE YOU DOING IN 1405 00:58:25,560 --> 00:58:27,760 TERMS OF THE CURRENT ROLE I AM 1406 00:58:27,760 --> 00:58:28,400 PLAYING. 1407 00:58:28,400 --> 00:58:30,280 AND I TELL PEOPLE DEPENDING ON 1408 00:58:30,280 --> 00:58:32,160 THE TIME OF DAY, I AM HANGING 1409 00:58:32,160 --> 00:58:38,640 IN, DOING OKAY OR I AM DOING 1410 00:58:38,640 --> 00:58:39,040 FINE. 1411 00:58:39,040 --> 00:58:42,720 AND I WANT TO REASSURE THE ACD 1412 00:58:42,720 --> 00:58:44,680 THAT I AM REALLY DOING FINE 1413 00:58:44,680 --> 00:58:45,760 AND THE REASON I AM DOING FINE 1414 00:58:45,760 --> 00:58:47,800 IS I HAVE A REMARKABLE TEAM OF 1415 00:58:47,800 --> 00:58:51,920 PEOPLE TO WORK WITH. 1416 00:58:51,920 --> 00:58:54,480 PRINCIPLE DEPUTY DIRECTOR, 1417 00:58:54,480 --> 00:58:56,320 MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE 1418 00:58:56,320 --> 00:58:57,720 COMMITTEE WHO ARE SITTING 1419 00:58:57,720 --> 00:59:01,120 AROUND THE TABLE AND AROUND 1420 00:59:01,120 --> 00:59:03,160 THE ROOM, IT IS REALLY A 1421 00:59:03,160 --> 00:59:08,520 REMARKABLE GROUP OF PEOPLE. 1422 00:59:08,520 --> 00:59:10,840 AND SO, YOU KNOW, AS LONG AS 1423 00:59:10,840 --> 00:59:12,800 THEY, YOU KNOW, CONTINUE TO DO 1424 00:59:12,800 --> 00:59:14,560 THEIR GREAT WORK, NIH IS GOING 1425 00:59:14,560 --> 00:59:18,520 TO BE JUST FINE. 1426 00:59:18,520 --> 00:59:20,720 WE HAVE 27 DIRECTORS, 1427 00:59:20,720 --> 00:59:22,200 WORLD-CLASS EXPERTS IN EVERY 1428 00:59:22,200 --> 00:59:25,480 SINGLE TOPIC YOU CAN THINK OF, 1429 00:59:25,480 --> 00:59:27,200 LITERALLY FROM A TO Z. 1430 00:59:27,200 --> 00:59:28,360 THEY ARE AN EXTRAORDINARY 1431 00:59:28,360 --> 00:59:30,320 GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO WORK SO 1432 00:59:30,320 --> 00:59:30,960 CLOSELY WITH US. 1433 00:59:30,960 --> 00:59:32,480 AND THEN THERE IS JUST THE 1434 00:59:32,480 --> 00:59:35,240 FOLKS HERE AT NIH WHO, YOU 1435 00:59:35,240 --> 00:59:39,120 KNOW, HAVE CONTINUED TO STEP 1436 00:59:39,120 --> 00:59:42,280 UP, WHO HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT 1437 00:59:42,280 --> 00:59:43,880 WHATEVER IS THROWN AT THEM, 1438 00:59:43,880 --> 00:59:46,160 THEY ARE GOING TO DELIVER 1439 00:59:46,160 --> 00:59:47,080 WHATEVER IS NECESSARY. 1440 00:59:47,080 --> 00:59:48,160 IF YOU THINK ABOUT ALL THE 1441 00:59:48,160 --> 00:59:50,040 THINGS THAT WE HAVE DONE IN 1442 00:59:50,040 --> 00:59:52,760 ADDITION TO THE COVID 1443 00:59:52,760 --> 00:59:53,720 RESPONSE, BECAUSE EVERYBODY 1444 00:59:53,720 --> 00:59:55,920 FOCUSES ON THE COVID RESPONSE 1445 00:59:55,920 --> 00:59:57,480 SO I UNDERSTAND WHY BUT IF YOU 1446 00:59:57,480 --> 00:59:58,640 THINK ABOUT ALL THE THINGS 1447 00:59:58,640 --> 01:00:00,960 THAT THE TEAM HAS ACCOMPLISHED 1448 01:00:00,960 --> 01:00:02,680 IN ADDITION TO THE COVID 1449 01:00:02,680 --> 01:00:05,560 RESPONSE, IT IS REALLY QUITE 1450 01:00:05,560 --> 01:00:05,960 REMARKABLE. 1451 01:00:05,960 --> 01:00:11,440 SO WE DO NOT YET HAVE A 1452 01:00:11,440 --> 01:00:11,760 NOMINEE. 1453 01:00:11,760 --> 01:00:13,360 YOUR CRYSTAL BALL IS AS GOOD 1454 01:00:13,360 --> 01:00:15,360 AS MY CRYSTAL BALL, PROBABLY 1455 01:00:15,360 --> 01:00:18,360 NOT QUITE AS GOOD AS ADRIAN'S 1456 01:00:18,360 --> 01:00:20,680 CRYSTAL BALL BUT PERHAPS A 1457 01:00:20,680 --> 01:00:21,480 LITTLE MORE REFINED THAN 1458 01:00:21,480 --> 01:00:22,280 CERTAINLY MINE. 1459 01:00:22,280 --> 01:00:25,200 BUT YOU KNOW OBVIOUSLY AT SOME 1460 01:00:25,200 --> 01:00:27,160 POINT, WE WILL HAVE A 1461 01:00:27,160 --> 01:00:32,360 PERMANENT DIRECTOR BUT UNTIL 1462 01:00:32,360 --> 01:00:34,080 THAT TIME, UNDERSTAND THAT IT 1463 01:00:34,080 --> 01:00:36,720 THE INSTITUTION IS IN GREAT 1464 01:00:36,720 --> 01:00:37,360 SHAPE. 1465 01:00:37,360 --> 01:00:39,000 AND IT IS IN GREAT SHAPE 1466 01:00:39,000 --> 01:00:42,400 BECAUSE OF THE REMARKABLE 1467 01:00:42,400 --> 01:00:51,600 EFFORT OF ALL THE FOLKS THAT I 1468 01:00:51,600 --> 01:00:53,680 HAVE MENTIONED AND THOSE THAT 1469 01:00:53,680 --> 01:00:55,280 TIME DOESN'T ALLOW ME TO 1470 01:00:55,280 --> 01:00:55,600 MENTION. 1471 01:00:55,600 --> 01:00:57,000 SO WE ARE FINE. 1472 01:00:57,000 --> 01:00:59,960 WE ARE MOVING AHEAD WITHOUT 1473 01:00:59,960 --> 01:01:02,160 SEARCHES, WE ARE MOVING AHEAD 1474 01:01:02,160 --> 01:01:04,360 WITH APPOINTMENTS BECAUSE THE 1475 01:01:04,360 --> 01:01:06,400 SCIENCE CAN'T WAIT, OUR 1476 01:01:06,400 --> 01:01:09,440 PATIENTS CAN'T WAIT AND AS I 1477 01:01:09,440 --> 01:01:11,880 TELL EVERYBODY, I COME IN IN 1478 01:01:11,880 --> 01:01:13,240 THE MORNING, IF THE KEY STILL 1479 01:01:13,240 --> 01:01:15,120 FITS IN THE LOCK, I SIT DOWN 1480 01:01:15,120 --> 01:01:16,560 AND DO MY WORK. 1481 01:01:16,560 --> 01:01:19,280 ONE DAY I WILL COME IN, THE 1482 01:01:19,280 --> 01:01:20,440 KEY WON'T FIT AND I WILL GO 1483 01:01:20,440 --> 01:01:21,760 AND DO SOMETHING ELSE AND THAT 1484 01:01:21,760 --> 01:01:22,560 IS FINE. 1485 01:01:22,560 --> 01:01:24,960 BUT UNTIL THAT TIME, YOU KNOW, 1486 01:01:24,960 --> 01:01:30,760 I JUST WANT TO THANK TARA, THE 1487 01:01:30,760 --> 01:01:32,160 AMAZING EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, 1488 01:01:32,160 --> 01:01:33,680 THE AMAZING STAFF THAT WE HAVE 1489 01:01:33,680 --> 01:01:36,760 WITHIN THE OFFICE OF THE 1490 01:01:36,760 --> 01:01:37,720 DIRECTOR, ALL THE 1491 01:01:37,720 --> 01:01:38,960 SUBDIRECTORS, YOU KNOW, THE 1492 01:01:38,960 --> 01:01:39,880 WHOLE TEAM. 1493 01:01:39,880 --> 01:01:40,760 BECAUSE AGAIN, I KNOW 1494 01:01:40,760 --> 01:01:42,560 EVERYBODY IS FOCUSED ON COVID 1495 01:01:42,560 --> 01:01:43,880 BUT THINK OF ALL THE OTHER 1496 01:01:43,880 --> 01:01:45,880 THINGS WE HAVE ACCOMPLISHED 1497 01:01:45,880 --> 01:01:50,040 DURING THIS TIME PERIOD. 1498 01:01:50,040 --> 01:01:52,400 AND IT REALLY IS A COLLECTIVE 1499 01:01:52,400 --> 01:01:53,160 LEAD. 1500 01:01:53,160 --> 01:01:54,840 SO WITH THAT, I KNOW WE'RE 8 1501 01:01:54,840 --> 01:01:56,680 MINUTES OVER SO I AM EATING 1502 01:01:56,680 --> 01:01:58,960 INTO YOUR BREAK AND I 1503 01:01:58,960 --> 01:01:59,960 APOLOGIZE BUT LET ME OPEN IT 1504 01:01:59,960 --> 01:02:02,080 UP IF THERE IS ANY QUESTIONS 1505 01:02:02,080 --> 01:02:03,040 OR COMMENTS THAT MEMBERS OF 1506 01:02:03,040 --> 01:02:05,080 THE COMMITTEE HAVE AND IF YOU 1507 01:02:05,080 --> 01:02:07,240 COULD USE YOUR EITHER REAL 1508 01:02:07,240 --> 01:02:10,160 HAND OR VIRTUAL HAND, TARA CAN 1509 01:02:10,160 --> 01:02:16,800 NAVIGATE AS TO WHO GOES FIRST. 1510 01:02:16,800 --> 01:02:20,760 >> YEAH, SO IT HAS BEEN A YEAR 1511 01:02:20,760 --> 01:02:21,640 SINCE FRANCIS COLLINS STEPPED 1512 01:02:21,640 --> 01:02:23,560 DOWN AND I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE 1513 01:02:23,560 --> 01:02:31,040 SOME CLARITY ABOUT WHAT IS 1514 01:02:31,040 --> 01:02:32,000 GOING ON. 1515 01:02:32,000 --> 01:02:34,160 >> I FEEL THINGS ARE MORE ART 1516 01:02:34,160 --> 01:02:35,200 THAN SCIENCE AND I THINK 1517 01:02:35,200 --> 01:02:36,880 THEY -- THERE HAS BEEN A WAR 1518 01:02:36,880 --> 01:02:38,960 IN UKRAINE, A LOT GOING ON, 1519 01:02:38,960 --> 01:02:42,520 THE PRESIDENT HAS A LOT ON HIS 1520 01:02:42,520 --> 01:02:45,160 PLATE SO I DON'T -- I HAVE A 1521 01:02:45,160 --> 01:02:47,360 CRYSTAL BALL BUT I DON'T HAVE 1522 01:02:47,360 --> 01:02:49,960 A MAP, IF THAT MAKES SENSE. 1523 01:02:49,960 --> 01:02:51,120 >> SO CAN YOU SAY FOR EXAMPLE 1524 01:02:51,120 --> 01:02:53,520 HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE BEEN 1525 01:02:53,520 --> 01:02:57,280 ASKED AND TURNED IT DOWN? 1526 01:02:57,280 --> 01:03:00,840 >> NO, WE'RE NOT PRIVY TO 1527 01:03:00,840 --> 01:03:01,320 THAT. 1528 01:03:01,320 --> 01:03:02,560 >> NO, BUT I FEEL LIKE THERE 1529 01:03:02,560 --> 01:03:04,560 IS SOMETHING BROKEN IN THE 1530 01:03:04,560 --> 01:03:07,280 SYSTEM BECAUSE IT IS NOT THE 1531 01:03:07,280 --> 01:03:08,760 PRESIDENT WORKING ON UKRAINE 1532 01:03:08,760 --> 01:03:11,120 THAT IS HOLDING THINGS UP. 1533 01:03:11,120 --> 01:03:12,800 >> I MEAN UKRAINE, THIS 1534 01:03:12,800 --> 01:03:15,240 PRESIDENT CARES A LOT ABOUT 1535 01:03:15,240 --> 01:03:20,200 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE AND I DO 1536 01:03:20,200 --> 01:03:21,680 THINK THAT DECISIONS AND 1537 01:03:21,680 --> 01:03:22,760 APPOINTMENTS AT THAT LEVEL DO 1538 01:03:22,760 --> 01:03:24,000 GO VERY HIGH IN THE WHITE 1539 01:03:24,000 --> 01:03:25,960 HOUSE AND I THINK THIS WHITE 1540 01:03:25,960 --> 01:03:28,360 HOUSE HAS HAD ENORMOUS 1541 01:03:28,360 --> 01:03:29,960 CHALLENGES AROUND THE WORLD 1542 01:03:29,960 --> 01:03:31,880 AND ALSO AT HOME. 1543 01:03:31,880 --> 01:03:34,120 I MEAN, IT HAS BEEN A 1544 01:03:34,120 --> 01:03:35,920 TURBULENT TIME ON A NUMBER OF 1545 01:03:35,920 --> 01:03:36,240 FRONTS. 1546 01:03:36,240 --> 01:03:40,240 IT IS NOT AN EXCUSE BUT IT IS 1547 01:03:40,240 --> 01:03:41,280 A REALITY. 1548 01:03:41,280 --> 01:03:45,560 >> LET ME REMIND YOU THAT 1549 01:03:45,560 --> 01:03:47,960 DURING THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1550 01:03:47,960 --> 01:03:50,760 ELIAS AND FRANCIS, THERE WAS A 1551 01:03:50,760 --> 01:03:52,160 SIMILAR GAP. 1552 01:03:52,160 --> 01:03:59,760 IT WAS A SIMILAR GAP. 1553 01:03:59,760 --> 01:04:00,000 -- 1554 01:04:00,000 --> 01:04:00,920 [OFF MIC ] 1555 01:04:00,920 --> 01:04:05,360 >> YEAH, SO WE'RE NOT QUITE AT 1556 01:04:05,360 --> 01:04:07,560 A YEAR YET, NOT QUITE AT A 1557 01:04:07,560 --> 01:04:07,840 YEAR. 1558 01:04:07,840 --> 01:04:09,240 YOU KNOW TWO WEEKS FROM NOW OR 1559 01:04:09,240 --> 01:04:11,800 NEXT WEEK WE ARE AT A YEAR, 1560 01:04:11,800 --> 01:04:13,560 WHENEVER IT IS, SO I THINK 1561 01:04:13,560 --> 01:04:16,080 PEOPLE NEED TO PUT THAT INTO 1562 01:04:16,080 --> 01:04:16,440 THEIR -- 1563 01:04:16,440 --> 01:04:18,600 >> SO LET ME JUST SAY THANK 1564 01:04:18,600 --> 01:04:20,560 YOU LARRY AND THANK YOU FOR 1565 01:04:20,560 --> 01:04:23,920 THE ENTIRE STAFF AND EXECUTIVE 1566 01:04:23,920 --> 01:04:25,080 COMMITTEE FOR HOLDING ON FOR 1567 01:04:25,080 --> 01:04:26,720 TWO YEARS AND FOUR MONTHS AND 1568 01:04:26,720 --> 01:04:28,560 MAYBE EVEN LONGER SO THANK 1569 01:04:28,560 --> 01:04:29,600 YOU. 1570 01:04:29,600 --> 01:04:30,320 >> NO, WE'RE NOT PROJECTING 1571 01:04:30,320 --> 01:04:32,800 TWO YEARS AND FOUR MONTHS 1572 01:04:32,800 --> 01:04:33,760 DURING THE CURRENT 1573 01:04:33,760 --> 01:04:34,200 CIRCUMSTANCE. 1574 01:04:34,200 --> 01:04:35,880 I JUST BRING THAT UP TO SHOW 1575 01:04:35,880 --> 01:04:38,120 THAT IT IS NOT THAT UNUSUAL. 1576 01:04:38,120 --> 01:04:40,160 AND I MUST SAY WITHOUT ANY 1577 01:04:40,160 --> 01:04:43,040 KNOWLEDGE, BECAUSE I HAVE ZERO 1578 01:04:43,040 --> 01:04:44,200 KNOWLEDGE ABOUT IT, I DO KNOW 1579 01:04:44,200 --> 01:04:49,680 BECAUSE I HAVE SPOKEN TO THE 1580 01:04:49,680 --> 01:04:50,920 PRESIDENT DIRECTLY ABOUT NIH 1581 01:04:50,920 --> 01:04:52,760 AND HE IS PASSIONATE ABOUT NIH 1582 01:04:52,760 --> 01:04:55,880 AND HE IS, YOU KNOW, 1583 01:04:55,880 --> 01:04:57,520 PASSIONATE ABOUT ARPA-A, 1584 01:04:57,520 --> 01:05:00,160 PASSIONATE ABOUT THE NCI 1585 01:05:00,160 --> 01:05:00,760 MOONSHOT. 1586 01:05:00,760 --> 01:05:03,960 SO I SUSPECT THIS IS SOMETHING 1587 01:05:03,960 --> 01:05:07,880 THAT HE WILL HAVE -- 1588 01:05:07,880 --> 01:05:09,560 >> BUT AM I RIGHT IN THINKING 1589 01:05:09,560 --> 01:05:12,560 FRANCIS IS IN CHARGE OF THE 1590 01:05:12,560 --> 01:05:13,800 PERSON IN THE SEARCH? 1591 01:05:13,800 --> 01:05:16,560 >> THERE ARE MANY STREAMS OF 1592 01:05:16,560 --> 01:05:19,320 INFORMATION GATHERING SO DON'T 1593 01:05:19,320 --> 01:05:19,760 ASSUME ANYTHING. 1594 01:05:19,760 --> 01:05:20,960 >> OKAY, IS THAT ON? 1595 01:05:20,960 --> 01:05:23,840 YES, I WANT TO ADD MY THANKS 1596 01:05:23,840 --> 01:05:27,320 TO LARRY AND TARA. 1597 01:05:27,320 --> 01:05:29,360 IT IS CONTINUING SEAMLESSLY, 1598 01:05:29,360 --> 01:05:31,360 IT SEEMS, SEEMS TO BE, SO 1599 01:05:31,360 --> 01:05:31,960 THAT'S GREAT. 1600 01:05:31,960 --> 01:05:36,360 I WANTED TO SPECIFICALLY 1601 01:05:36,360 --> 01:05:38,880 CONGRATULATE ON THE REPORT ON 1602 01:05:38,880 --> 01:05:40,400 THE ESI NUMBERS. 1603 01:05:40,400 --> 01:05:40,880 THAT'S AMAZING. 1604 01:05:40,880 --> 01:05:42,960 AND IT IS SO GREAT TO HEAR 1605 01:05:42,960 --> 01:05:46,640 THAT AND I AM WONDERING, IT IS 1606 01:05:46,640 --> 01:05:48,640 MAYBE A LITTLE BIT IN THE 1607 01:05:48,640 --> 01:05:50,560 WEEDS BUT I AM WONDERING IS 1608 01:05:50,560 --> 01:05:51,760 THERE GOING TO BE FOLLOW UP ON 1609 01:05:51,760 --> 01:05:53,720 WHAT HAPPENS TO THEM NEXT? 1610 01:05:53,720 --> 01:05:55,240 BECAUSE I THINK WEARING MY HAT 1611 01:05:55,240 --> 01:05:58,880 NOW IN THIS NEW WORKING GROUP, 1612 01:05:58,880 --> 01:06:01,280 THE YOUNGER PEOPLE COMING UP 1613 01:06:01,280 --> 01:06:04,120 ARE LOOKING AT WHAT HAPPENS 1614 01:06:04,120 --> 01:06:05,440 TO, YOU KNOW, OF COURSE ARE 1615 01:06:05,440 --> 01:06:06,960 THEY GOING TO GET JOBS AND 1616 01:06:06,960 --> 01:06:09,280 THEN AFTER THEY GET JOBS, IF 1617 01:06:09,280 --> 01:06:10,200 THEY ARE SUCCESSFUL, ARE THEY 1618 01:06:10,200 --> 01:06:12,080 GOING TO CONTINUE TO BE 1619 01:06:12,080 --> 01:06:13,000 SUCCESSFUL AND WE ALL HEAR 1620 01:06:13,000 --> 01:06:14,640 THAT IT IS THAT, YOU KNOW, IF 1621 01:06:14,640 --> 01:06:17,760 YOU WANT TO CALL IT A VALLEY 1622 01:06:17,760 --> 01:06:18,960 OF DEATH RIGHT AFTER EARLY 1623 01:06:18,960 --> 01:06:20,520 STAGE, I WONDER IF YOU COULD 1624 01:06:20,520 --> 01:06:21,880 SPEAK TO THAT. 1625 01:06:21,880 --> 01:06:27,520 >> YEAH, SO I KNOW MIKE LAUR 1626 01:06:27,520 --> 01:06:28,160 HAS JOINED US VIRTUALLY. 1627 01:06:28,160 --> 01:06:30,960 WOULD YOU LIKE TO ADDRESS THAT 1628 01:06:30,960 --> 01:06:33,160 QUESTION PLEASE? 1629 01:06:33,160 --> 01:06:34,360 >> THANK YOU, SHELLEY THAT 1630 01:06:34,360 --> 01:06:37,400 QUESTION IS ABSOLUTELY 1631 01:06:37,400 --> 01:06:39,240 SPOT-ON. 1632 01:06:39,240 --> 01:06:41,080 THERE HAS BEEN -- WE 1633 01:06:41,080 --> 01:06:42,560 PREVIOUSLY LOOKED AT WHAT TOPS 1634 01:06:42,560 --> 01:06:45,360 INVESTIGATORS WHEN THEY GET 1635 01:06:45,360 --> 01:06:46,480 FUNDID BY NIH THE FIRST TIME, 1636 01:06:46,480 --> 01:06:49,360 HOW LONG THEY STAY IN THE 1637 01:06:49,360 --> 01:06:50,840 SYSTEM, THE LOSS RATE AT 1638 01:06:50,840 --> 01:06:51,640 VARIOUS POINTS SO THAT IS 1639 01:06:51,640 --> 01:06:55,160 SOMETHING WE WILL CONTINUE TO 1640 01:06:55,160 --> 01:06:57,360 PAY ATTENTION TO AND WILL STAY 1641 01:06:57,360 --> 01:06:58,560 VERY CLOSE IN TOUCH. 1642 01:06:58,560 --> 01:07:00,040 THE SECOND THING IS WE HAVE 1643 01:07:00,040 --> 01:07:01,920 ANOTHER CATEGORY OF PEOPLE WE 1644 01:07:01,920 --> 01:07:03,360 PAY PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO 1645 01:07:03,360 --> 01:07:05,360 AND THOSE ARE WHAT WE CALL 1646 01:07:05,360 --> 01:07:07,640 AT-RISK INVESTIGATORS. 1647 01:07:07,640 --> 01:07:09,000 THESE ARE INVESTIGATORS WHO 1648 01:07:09,000 --> 01:07:11,840 HAVE SUBMIT AS LEAST ONE 1649 01:07:11,840 --> 01:07:12,760 MERITORIOUS PROPOSAL AND IF 1650 01:07:12,760 --> 01:07:14,400 THEY DON'T GET FUNDED THIS 1651 01:07:14,400 --> 01:07:17,280 YEAR, WE WILL LOSE ALL FUNDING 1652 01:07:17,280 --> 01:07:19,560 AS OF NEXT YEAR AND SO THIS IS 1653 01:07:19,560 --> 01:07:21,880 A GROUP THAT WE ARE DRAWING 1654 01:07:21,880 --> 01:07:25,680 ATTENTION TO OR DRAWING 1655 01:07:25,680 --> 01:07:29,800 ATTENTION TO THE IC ELECTORATE 1656 01:07:29,800 --> 01:07:32,680 AND AS YOU MIGHT IMAGINE, MANY 1657 01:07:32,680 --> 01:07:34,280 ARE EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS 1658 01:07:34,280 --> 01:07:35,440 WHO HAVE RECEIVED THEIR FIRST 1659 01:07:35,440 --> 01:07:37,160 GRANT AND RIGHT NOW ARE LIVING 1660 01:07:37,160 --> 01:07:38,880 OFF OF ONE GRANT SO THOSE ARE 1661 01:07:38,880 --> 01:07:41,360 SOME OF THE -- THE QUESTION IS 1662 01:07:41,360 --> 01:07:42,400 SPOT-ON AND THOSE ARE SOME OF 1663 01:07:42,400 --> 01:07:45,160 THE EFFORTS WE HAVE UNDERWAY. 1664 01:07:45,160 --> 01:07:47,600 >> GOOD, THANKS VERY MUCH. 1665 01:07:47,600 --> 01:07:48,320 >> THANKS, MIKE. 1666 01:07:48,320 --> 01:07:50,160 OTHER COMMENTS OR WITH 1667 01:07:50,160 --> 01:07:54,480 QUESTIONS FROM PEOPLE? 1668 01:07:54,480 --> 01:07:54,760 YES? 1669 01:07:54,760 --> 01:07:55,160 [ OFF MIC ] 1670 01:07:55,160 --> 01:07:57,640 >> COULD YOU TURN YOUR 1671 01:07:57,640 --> 01:07:58,120 MICROPHONE ON? 1672 01:07:58,120 --> 01:07:58,840 >> YEAH, SORRY, THIS IS A 1673 01:07:58,840 --> 01:08:02,280 FOLLOW UP ON THE SI MATTER. 1674 01:08:02,280 --> 01:08:04,000 FIRST OF ALL, THE QUESTION, 1675 01:08:04,000 --> 01:08:05,600 THE NUMBERS GOING UP LOOKS 1676 01:08:05,600 --> 01:08:07,680 GREAT BUT THE AMOUNT PER 1677 01:08:07,680 --> 01:08:09,680 GRANT, ARE WE ALSO KEEPING 1678 01:08:09,680 --> 01:08:12,560 TRACK OF THAT? 1679 01:08:12,560 --> 01:08:15,360 AND ARE THESE OF THE SIZE THAT 1680 01:08:15,360 --> 01:08:18,360 CAN RELY PROPEL AN EARLY 1681 01:08:18,360 --> 01:08:18,800 INVESTIGATOR? 1682 01:08:18,800 --> 01:08:19,520 >> SO MIKE IF YOU WOULD LIKE 1683 01:08:19,520 --> 01:08:21,720 TO SPEAK TO THAT, PLEASE? 1684 01:08:21,720 --> 01:08:23,440 >> WE HAVE DONE SOME INDEPTH 1685 01:08:23,440 --> 01:08:25,040 ANALYSIS ON THE COST PER 1686 01:08:25,040 --> 01:08:28,760 BRANT, TOTAL COST PER GRANT. 1687 01:08:28,760 --> 01:08:30,760 ACTUALLY WE HAVE A PREGRANT 1688 01:08:30,760 --> 01:08:32,360 ARCHIVE AND A PAPER CURRENTLY 1689 01:08:32,360 --> 01:08:32,920 IN REVIEW. 1690 01:08:32,920 --> 01:08:35,320 THE BOTTOM LINE IS AFTER 1691 01:08:35,320 --> 01:08:36,000 ADJUSTING FOR INFLATION OVER 1692 01:08:36,000 --> 01:08:41,240 THE LAST TEN YEARS OR SO, REAL 1693 01:08:41,240 --> 01:08:43,560 COSTS, REAL DOLLARS REMAINED 1694 01:08:43,560 --> 01:08:45,760 ABOUT THE SAME, MAYBE HAS GONE 1695 01:08:45,760 --> 01:08:47,280 UP A LITTLE BIT. 1696 01:08:47,280 --> 01:08:49,760 THERE HAVE BEEN CHANGES IN THE 1697 01:08:49,760 --> 01:08:52,360 COMPOSITION OF GRANTS OVER 1698 01:08:52,360 --> 01:08:52,680 TIME. 1699 01:08:52,680 --> 01:08:54,360 WE ALSO ARE SUBSTANTIALLY LESS 1700 01:08:54,360 --> 01:09:01,920 THAN WHERE WE WERE AT THE TIME 1701 01:09:01,920 --> 01:09:09,560 OF THE DO PPLING AND I CAN PUT 1702 01:09:09,560 --> 01:09:10,480 A LINK IN. 1703 01:09:10,480 --> 01:09:10,960 >> THANKS. 1704 01:09:10,960 --> 01:09:17,240 SO WE'RE AT TIME BASICALLY, 1705 01:09:17,240 --> 01:09:20,880 10:14 A.M. ON MY COMPUTER, 1706 01:09:20,880 --> 01:09:21,680 10:15 A.M. IN THE ROOM. 1707 01:09:21,680 --> 01:09:23,200 THIS IS THE TIME WE ARE 1708 01:09:23,200 --> 01:09:26,920 SUPPOSED TO BE COMING BACK 1709 01:09:26,920 --> 01:09:28,560 FROM THE BREAK SO WHY DON'T WE 1710 01:09:28,560 --> 01:09:30,200 TAKE LIKE A TWO TO THREE 1711 01:09:30,200 --> 01:09:33,520 MINUTE BREAK, TRY TO BE BACK 1712 01:09:33,520 --> 01:09:35,800 HERE BY 10: 18 AND THEN WE 1713 01:09:35,800 --> 01:09:48,320 WILL GET STARTED WITH RENEE'S PRESENTATION 1714 01:09:48,320 --> 01:09:49,160 >>> OKAY, I THINK EVERYONE IS 1715 01:09:49,160 --> 01:09:50,240 BACK AND GETTING SETTLED. 1716 01:09:50,240 --> 01:09:56,600 MAKE SURE WE ARE NOT MISSING 1717 01:09:56,600 --> 01:09:57,080 ANYONE. 1718 01:09:57,080 --> 01:09:59,680 OKAY, SO THE NEXT PRESENTATION 1719 01:09:59,680 --> 01:10:06,520 WILL BE FROM Dr. RENEE, NAG 1720 01:10:06,520 --> 01:10:10,320 AL DIRECTOR NEEDLESS TO SAY OF 1721 01:10:10,320 --> 01:10:10,720 ARPA-H. 1722 01:10:10,720 --> 01:10:14,720 IF YOU RECALL RECALL, ARPA-H 1723 01:10:14,720 --> 01:10:16,520 WAS CREATED INCLUDING LANGUAGE 1724 01:10:16,520 --> 01:10:19,960 AND RESOURCES IN THE FY22 1725 01:10:19,960 --> 01:10:22,400 OMNIBUS IN MARCH SO I THINK 1726 01:10:22,400 --> 01:10:24,920 THE UPDATE WAS PROVIDED AT THE 1727 01:10:24,920 --> 01:10:26,280 JUNE MEETING BUT THAT WAS 1728 01:10:26,280 --> 01:10:29,320 PRIOR TO RENEE BEING APPOINTED 1729 01:10:29,320 --> 01:10:31,840 IN HER POSITION SO WE'RE 1730 01:10:31,840 --> 01:10:34,600 REALLY GLAD TO HAVE HER HERE 1731 01:10:34,600 --> 01:10:35,440 TODAY, WORKING TIRELESSLY TO 1732 01:10:35,440 --> 01:10:37,640 CONTINUE TO BUILD UP THE 1733 01:10:37,640 --> 01:10:39,120 ORGANIZATION AND OUTLINE SOME 1734 01:10:39,120 --> 01:10:46,760 OF THE PROGRESS SHE HAS MADE. 1735 01:10:46,760 --> 01:10:48,160 >> NOTE: WEGRZYN. 1736 01:10:48,160 --> 01:10:49,560 >> THANKS TARA AND LARRY FOR 1737 01:10:49,560 --> 01:10:52,000 HELPING US GET THE 1738 01:10:52,000 --> 01:10:52,840 ORGANIZATION STARTED. 1739 01:10:52,840 --> 01:10:56,520 YOU MAY NOT KNOW WE CALL TARA 1740 01:10:56,520 --> 01:10:59,200 OUR ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR FOR HER 1741 01:10:59,200 --> 01:11:00,520 WORK AND WE'RE REALLY EXCITED 1742 01:11:00,520 --> 01:11:02,360 TO SHARE WHAT WE'RE BUILDING 1743 01:11:02,360 --> 01:11:04,360 BUT KNOWING IT HAD A GREAT 1744 01:11:04,360 --> 01:11:06,280 FOUNDATION BEFORE I GOT THERE 1745 01:11:06,280 --> 01:11:08,760 JUST EIGHT WEEKS AGO. 1746 01:11:08,760 --> 01:11:13,200 SUBMISSION OF AR PA-H IS TO 1747 01:11:13,200 --> 01:11:14,880 ACCELERATE A BETTER HEALTH 1748 01:11:14,880 --> 01:11:16,320 OUTCOME FOR EVERYONE. 1749 01:11:16,320 --> 01:11:18,920 TARA TALKED A LITTLE ABOUT THE 1750 01:11:18,920 --> 01:11:19,280 HISTORY. 1751 01:11:19,280 --> 01:11:20,480 PRESIDENT BIDEN WHEN HE CAME 1752 01:11:20,480 --> 01:11:24,360 INTO OFFICE HAD THIS VISION TO 1753 01:11:24,360 --> 01:11:26,560 LAUNCH ARPA-H, AN ORGANIZATION 1754 01:11:26,560 --> 01:11:29,560 MODELED AFTER THE BUSINESS 1755 01:11:29,560 --> 01:11:31,840 MODEL OF DARPA BUT TO PURSUE 1756 01:11:31,840 --> 01:11:34,720 IDEAS THAT BREAK THE MODEL ON 1757 01:11:34,720 --> 01:11:40,040 HOW WE NORMALLY SUPPORT 1758 01:11:40,040 --> 01:11:40,600 FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH. 1759 01:11:40,600 --> 01:11:45,040 SO THIS IS INCLUDED IN THE 1760 01:11:45,040 --> 01:11:45,960 FUNDING ECOSYSTEM AND I WILL 1761 01:11:45,960 --> 01:11:48,520 TALK A LITTLE ABOUT OUR 1762 01:11:48,520 --> 01:11:50,880 STRUCTURE AND WHERE WE SIT. 1763 01:11:50,880 --> 01:11:53,080 SO WITH THOSE FAMILIAR WITH 1764 01:11:53,080 --> 01:11:58,560 THE ORIGINAL ARPA OR DARPA, IT 1765 01:11:58,560 --> 01:12:00,080 WAS LAUNCHED IN RESPECT TO 1766 01:12:00,080 --> 01:12:00,440 SPUTNIK. 1767 01:12:00,440 --> 01:12:02,800 THE UNITED STATES WAS VERY 1768 01:12:02,800 --> 01:12:03,760 SURPRISED WITH THAT TECHNOLOGY 1769 01:12:03,760 --> 01:12:11,760 AND WANTED TO BE ABLE TO 1770 01:12:11,760 --> 01:12:19,920 CREATE AND PREVENT POWERFUL 1771 01:12:19,920 --> 01:12:21,640 BIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND LIVING 1772 01:12:21,640 --> 01:12:25,040 IN AN ERA OF COMPLEX 1773 01:12:25,040 --> 01:12:26,320 TECHNOLOGIES WITH MASSIVE 1774 01:12:26,320 --> 01:12:27,760 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL 1775 01:12:27,760 --> 01:12:31,800 DISRUPTIONS AND NOT ONLY TO 1776 01:12:31,800 --> 01:12:34,640 STUDY THESE FACTORS BUT TO 1777 01:12:34,640 --> 01:12:35,360 SOLVE THEM, WORKING TO SOLVE 1778 01:12:35,360 --> 01:12:37,200 SOME OF THE TOUGHEST 1779 01:12:37,200 --> 01:12:38,520 CHALLENGES IN HEALTH AND I 1780 01:12:38,520 --> 01:12:41,680 WILL WALK THROUGH HOW WE LOOK 1781 01:12:41,680 --> 01:12:43,320 AT PROJECTS TO WORK ON AND 1782 01:12:43,320 --> 01:12:44,320 MOVING FORWARD. 1783 01:12:44,320 --> 01:12:46,520 SO TO THINK ABOUT THE TYPES OF 1784 01:12:46,520 --> 01:12:47,960 PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES WE 1785 01:12:47,960 --> 01:12:49,800 WANT TO FACE, I WOULD LIKE TO 1786 01:12:49,800 --> 01:12:54,680 START WITH A LITTLE IMAGINE 1787 01:12:54,680 --> 01:12:55,400 STATEMENT, IMAGINE IF 1788 01:12:55,400 --> 01:12:58,160 THERAPIES COULD BE BUILT AND 1789 01:12:58,160 --> 01:12:59,160 ASSEMBLED ON DEMAND. 1790 01:12:59,160 --> 01:13:01,280 SO NOT TO BE FOCUSED ON ANY 1791 01:13:01,280 --> 01:13:02,360 SINGLE DISEASE BUT WHAT ARE 1792 01:13:02,360 --> 01:13:05,000 THE PLATFORMS THAT COULD BE 1793 01:13:05,000 --> 01:13:06,640 BUILT TO BROADLY ADVANCE 1794 01:13:06,640 --> 01:13:08,040 BRINGING BETTER HEALTHCARE 1795 01:13:08,040 --> 01:13:08,880 FORWARD. 1796 01:13:08,880 --> 01:13:10,040 WHAT IF MRIS COULD BE 1797 01:13:10,040 --> 01:13:12,040 DELIVERED IN THE COMFORT OF 1798 01:13:12,040 --> 01:13:13,160 YOUR OWN HOME? 1799 01:13:13,160 --> 01:13:16,160 THIS WAS INSPIRED BY THE 1800 01:13:16,160 --> 01:13:19,280 ACTING DEPUTY WHO HAS A LOT OF 1801 01:13:19,280 --> 01:13:20,760 EXPERIENCE WITH MRIS AND WOW, 1802 01:13:20,760 --> 01:13:22,920 WHAT YOU COULD DO AT HOME TO 1803 01:13:22,920 --> 01:13:23,960 CHANGE AND MEET PEOPLE WHERE 1804 01:13:23,960 --> 01:13:26,840 THEY ARE AT AND BRINGING IN AN 1805 01:13:26,840 --> 01:13:28,440 EQUITABLE WAY HEALTHCARE TO 1806 01:13:28,440 --> 01:13:28,760 FOLKS. 1807 01:13:28,760 --> 01:13:30,440 AND THEN WHAT IS A CANCER 1808 01:13:30,440 --> 01:13:33,480 VACCINE COST THE SAME AS A CUP 1809 01:13:33,480 --> 01:13:34,640 OF COFFEE? 1810 01:13:34,640 --> 01:13:36,800 JUST LAST WEEK ANOTHER GENE 1811 01:13:36,800 --> 01:13:37,960 THERAPY CAME OUT AT THREE AND 1812 01:13:37,960 --> 01:13:40,560 A HALF MILLION FOR A SINGLE 1813 01:13:40,560 --> 01:13:41,640 DOSE. 1814 01:13:41,640 --> 01:13:44,880 WE COULD DO A LOT BETTER AND 1815 01:13:44,880 --> 01:13:46,320 ARPA-H CAN HELP GET US THERE. 1816 01:13:46,320 --> 01:13:49,520 JUST A NOTE ON THE 1817 01:13:49,520 --> 01:13:51,560 ORGANIZATION, WHERE WE SIT, 1818 01:13:51,560 --> 01:13:54,400 AND I INTERESTINGLY REPORT 1819 01:13:54,400 --> 01:13:58,400 DIRECTLY TO SECRETARY BACERA, 1820 01:13:58,400 --> 01:14:01,080 HE IS MY BOSS BUT I TELL MY 1821 01:14:01,080 --> 01:14:03,280 TEAM WE ARE A BILLION DOLLAR 1822 01:14:03,280 --> 01:14:05,360 STARTUP AND CAN HIT THE GROUND 1823 01:14:05,360 --> 01:14:06,880 FOCUSED ON THE PROBLEMS WE 1824 01:14:06,880 --> 01:14:08,520 WANT TO SOLVE BECAUSE WE CAN 1825 01:14:08,520 --> 01:14:12,480 LEAN ON THE NIH INFORMATION 1826 01:14:12,480 --> 01:14:17,440 WITH IT AND ALSO ACCESS TO 1827 01:14:17,440 --> 01:14:18,840 SUBJECT MATTER, TO BE THERE AS 1828 01:14:18,840 --> 01:14:20,360 A RESOURCE TO MAKE SURE THE 1829 01:14:20,360 --> 01:14:21,960 CHALLENGES WE ARE WORKING ON 1830 01:14:21,960 --> 01:14:23,480 MAKES THE MOST SENSE AND 1831 01:14:23,480 --> 01:14:25,440 COULDN'T OTHERWISE BE FUNDED 1832 01:14:25,440 --> 01:14:27,160 AT NIH OR ELSEWHERE. 1833 01:14:27,160 --> 01:14:32,680 SO WE WON'T HAVE ANY INTERNAL 1834 01:14:32,680 --> 01:14:33,640 RESEARCH LABS, EXCLUSIVELY 1835 01:14:33,640 --> 01:14:34,920 EXTRAMURAL AND DISEASE 1836 01:14:34,920 --> 01:14:35,360 AGNOSTIC. 1837 01:14:35,360 --> 01:14:41,680 WE HAVE A PROGRAM MANAGER 1838 01:14:41,680 --> 01:14:43,720 DRIVING IDEAS FORWARD AND VERY 1839 01:14:43,720 --> 01:14:45,400 LEAN AND NIMBLE IN THE 1840 01:14:45,400 --> 01:14:46,160 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE. 1841 01:14:46,160 --> 01:14:47,560 THERE IS REALLY TWO SIDES OF 1842 01:14:47,560 --> 01:14:48,560 THE HOUSE HERE. 1843 01:14:48,560 --> 01:14:49,480 THE BUSINESS TEAM MEMBERS AND 1844 01:14:49,480 --> 01:14:52,200 BY THAT I MEAN THE CONTRACTING 1845 01:14:52,200 --> 01:14:53,920 TEAM, LEGISLATIVE TEAM, FOLKS 1846 01:14:53,920 --> 01:14:55,520 LIKE MYSELF WHO ARE HERE TO 1847 01:14:55,520 --> 01:14:57,040 MAKE SURE PROGRAM MANAGERS CAN 1848 01:14:57,040 --> 01:14:58,200 FOCUS ON SOLVING THAT PROBLEM. 1849 01:14:58,200 --> 01:15:01,080 SO WE ARE GOING TO WORRY ABOUT 1850 01:15:01,080 --> 01:15:02,080 SUPPORTING THEIR BUDGETS AND 1851 01:15:02,080 --> 01:15:03,160 CONTRACTING AND WE ARE GOING 1852 01:15:03,160 --> 01:15:05,520 TO WORRY ABOUT THE SCIENTIFIC 1853 01:15:05,520 --> 01:15:06,200 PROBLEMS. 1854 01:15:06,200 --> 01:15:14,760 THEY CAN PURSUE THAT VERY HIGH 1855 01:15:14,760 --> 01:15:15,720 RISK, HIGH CONSEQUENCE 1856 01:15:15,720 --> 01:15:16,080 RESEARCH. 1857 01:15:16,080 --> 01:15:18,160 SO THE WAY THE MODEL WORKS, IT 1858 01:15:18,160 --> 01:15:19,560 STARTS WITH A PROGRAM MANAGER 1859 01:15:19,560 --> 01:15:23,640 WHO IS AN EXPERT IN THEIR 1860 01:15:23,640 --> 01:15:25,840 FIELD, GREAT DOER AND 1861 01:15:25,840 --> 01:15:27,240 COLLABORATOR BUT THEY ALSO 1862 01:15:27,240 --> 01:15:28,520 COME AND BRING THAT CHALLENGE. 1863 01:15:28,520 --> 01:15:31,320 SO MY FOCUS IN RECRUITING IS 1864 01:15:31,320 --> 01:15:33,200 NOT ONLY FINDING AMAZING STAFF 1865 01:15:33,200 --> 01:15:34,720 BUT STAFF WHO HAVE THAT 1866 01:15:34,720 --> 01:15:36,440 CRYSTAL CLEAR AND WELL FORMED 1867 01:15:36,440 --> 01:15:37,680 PROBLEM IN HEALTH THEY WANT TO 1868 01:15:37,680 --> 01:15:39,560 SOLVE SO IT IS THE MAGIC 1869 01:15:39,560 --> 01:15:40,720 COMBINATION OF THE TWO THAT 1870 01:15:40,720 --> 01:15:44,520 ARE REQUIRED TO BRING SOMEBODY 1871 01:15:44,520 --> 01:15:46,720 IN TO ARPA-H, TAKE SOME TIME 1872 01:15:46,720 --> 01:15:48,920 TO FORM LATE THE PROGRAM AND 1873 01:15:48,920 --> 01:15:51,080 THAT TAKES ENGAGEMENT WITH 1874 01:15:51,080 --> 01:15:51,760 PROBABLY ABOUT A HUNDRED 1875 01:15:51,760 --> 01:15:54,640 EXPERTS IN THE FIELD THEY ARE 1876 01:15:54,640 --> 01:15:57,720 WORKING IN AND WORKING TOWARDS 1877 01:15:57,720 --> 01:15:58,920 BUT STAKEHOLDERS WHO WILL 1878 01:15:58,920 --> 01:16:01,520 REALLY BE IMPORTANT IN 1879 01:16:01,520 --> 01:16:03,640 BRINGING THIS FORWARD. 1880 01:16:03,640 --> 01:16:05,480 THE LAUNCH FOR SOLICITATION 1881 01:16:05,480 --> 01:16:06,760 FOR PROPOSALS AND THEN 1882 01:16:06,760 --> 01:16:08,040 BRINGING IN DIFFERENT TEAMS 1883 01:16:08,040 --> 01:16:11,520 EACH WITH A DIFFERENT SOLUTION 1884 01:16:11,520 --> 01:16:13,400 THEY WANT TO PURSUE AND SOLVE 1885 01:16:13,400 --> 01:16:14,600 AS A BIG PROBLEM IN HEALTH. 1886 01:16:14,600 --> 01:16:17,120 BECAUSE IT IS A VERY HIGH RISK 1887 01:16:17,120 --> 01:16:18,760 ENVIRONMENT AND HIGH RISK 1888 01:16:18,760 --> 01:16:20,240 PROGRAMS THAT WE'LL PURSUE, 1889 01:16:20,240 --> 01:16:22,320 THE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT IS VERY 1890 01:16:22,320 --> 01:16:22,760 ACTIVE. 1891 01:16:22,760 --> 01:16:24,160 SO IT THINK ABOUT THEY ARE 1892 01:16:24,160 --> 01:16:25,680 WORKING TOWARDS THIS GOAL, IT 1893 01:16:25,680 --> 01:16:27,600 IS NOT FOR BASIC FUNDAMENTAL 1894 01:16:27,600 --> 01:16:28,880 RESEARCH, IT IS REALLY SOLVING 1895 01:16:28,880 --> 01:16:30,800 A PROBLEM. 1896 01:16:30,800 --> 01:16:37,120 SO ON A WEEKLY, SOMETIMES 1897 01:16:37,120 --> 01:16:38,360 DAILY, MONTHLY, THEY WILL BE 1898 01:16:38,360 --> 01:16:39,760 CHECKING IN WITH THE TEAM TO 1899 01:16:39,760 --> 01:16:43,000 SEE IF WE ARE MAKING PROGRESS 1900 01:16:43,000 --> 01:16:44,760 FOR THOSE GOALS AND IF NOT, 1901 01:16:44,760 --> 01:16:46,160 THE PROJECT CAN BE TERMINATED. 1902 01:16:46,160 --> 01:16:50,560 SO THAT IS A VERY IMPORTANT 1903 01:16:50,560 --> 01:16:53,360 PART OF THE MANAGER'S JOB TO 1904 01:16:53,360 --> 01:16:55,680 MAKE SURE THAT IF SOMETHING IS 1905 01:16:55,680 --> 01:16:56,800 NOT WORKING, PIVOT THOSE 1906 01:16:56,800 --> 01:16:58,880 RESOURCES TO ANOTHER PROJECT. 1907 01:16:58,880 --> 01:17:00,280 SO HOPEFULLY SOME OF THE BIG 1908 01:17:00,280 --> 01:17:01,800 RISKS WILL PAY OFF AND WE WILL 1909 01:17:01,800 --> 01:17:03,200 HAVE PROGRAMS THAT ARE 1910 01:17:03,200 --> 01:17:05,160 SUCCESSFUL AND LAST BUT NOT 1911 01:17:05,160 --> 01:17:06,760 LEAST, THE MOST REALLY 1912 01:17:06,760 --> 01:17:21,960 IMPORTANT PART P-F -- OF AR PA 1913 01:17:21,960 --> 01:17:27,200 MODEL IS TO GRAD THE RISK AND 1914 01:17:27,200 --> 01:17:28,480 OTHER PLACES, INDUSTRY, VERY 1915 01:17:28,480 --> 01:17:29,640 IMPORTANT TO TRANSITION AND 1916 01:17:29,640 --> 01:17:31,360 BRING THIS INTO THE REAL 1917 01:17:31,360 --> 01:17:31,800 WORLD. 1918 01:17:31,800 --> 01:17:36,080 SO SUCCESS AT ARPA-H IS NOT 1919 01:17:36,080 --> 01:17:38,360 MEASURED BY THE NUMBER OF 1920 01:17:38,360 --> 01:17:40,560 PAPERS YOU HAVE BUT CAN IT 1921 01:17:40,560 --> 01:17:42,560 ACTUALLY SURVIVE IN THE WILD, 1922 01:17:42,560 --> 01:17:44,960 IS HOW WE TALK ABOUT IT 1923 01:17:44,960 --> 01:17:45,360 IN-HOUSE. 1924 01:17:45,360 --> 01:17:46,520 SO WHEN THE PROGRAM MANAGER 1925 01:17:46,520 --> 01:17:47,800 COMES IN, THEY WILL BE HERE 1926 01:17:47,800 --> 01:17:49,280 ONLY A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME. 1927 01:17:49,280 --> 01:17:52,920 SO WE HAVE HAD TO KEEP OF A 1928 01:17:52,920 --> 01:17:53,800 PROGRAM MANAGER FLYWHEEL AND 1929 01:17:53,800 --> 01:17:55,800 AS THEY BRING IN AN IDEA, THEY 1930 01:17:55,800 --> 01:17:57,640 WILL PROBABLY ONE TWO TO FOUR 1931 01:17:57,640 --> 01:17:58,000 PROGRAMS. 1932 01:17:58,000 --> 01:18:01,560 I WAS AT DARPA AND RAN FOUR 1933 01:18:01,560 --> 01:18:02,320 PROGRAMS IN THE FOUR AND A 1934 01:18:02,320 --> 01:18:05,560 HALF YEARS I WAS THERE SO I 1935 01:18:05,560 --> 01:18:10,920 STARTED ON DAY 1 AND T-MINUS 1 1936 01:18:10,920 --> 01:18:12,440 DAY FROM DEPARTING, SOMEONE 1937 01:18:12,440 --> 01:18:17,400 ELSE TOOK THAT PROGRAM OVER. 1938 01:18:17,400 --> 01:18:19,920 SO ONE YEAR FROM NOW WHEN WE 1939 01:18:19,920 --> 01:18:21,680 HAVE THE NEXT UPDATE, YOU WILL 1940 01:18:21,680 --> 01:18:22,840 HEAR ABOUT THE PORTFOLIO 1941 01:18:22,840 --> 01:18:24,480 PROGRAMS WE ARE GOING TO BE 1942 01:18:24,480 --> 01:18:24,800 FUNDING. 1943 01:18:24,800 --> 01:18:26,120 FIVE YEARS FROM NOW, YOU WILL 1944 01:18:26,120 --> 01:18:28,920 HEAR ABOUT A TOTALLY DIFFERENT 1945 01:18:28,920 --> 01:18:31,880 PORTFOLIO BECAUSE THE PROGRAMS 1946 01:18:31,880 --> 01:18:33,000 ARE FINISHED, NEW PROGRAM 1947 01:18:33,000 --> 01:18:36,040 MANAGER IS MOVING FORWARD SO 1948 01:18:36,040 --> 01:18:37,560 THIS IS AN IMPORTANT 1949 01:18:37,560 --> 01:18:39,480 DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE 1950 01:18:39,480 --> 01:18:42,000 FACILITATOR AT NCI THAT WORKED 1951 01:18:42,000 --> 01:18:43,760 ON SOMETHING TEN YEARS AGO AND 1952 01:18:43,760 --> 01:18:46,160 ARE STILL WORKING ON IT NOW. 1953 01:18:46,160 --> 01:18:47,240 SO THIS IS VERY DIFFERENT. 1954 01:18:47,240 --> 01:18:49,760 IT IS NOT MEANT TO REPLACE BUT 1955 01:18:49,760 --> 01:18:52,200 BE A CATALYST TO ACCELERATE 1956 01:18:52,200 --> 01:18:52,760 INNOVATION IN HEALTH. 1957 01:18:52,760 --> 01:18:55,320 IT IS FOR OUR CUSTOMERS, 1958 01:18:55,320 --> 01:18:58,800 AMERICAN PEOPLE, HEALTHCARE 1959 01:18:58,800 --> 01:19:02,600 PROVIDERS, INFORMATION GROUPS, 1960 01:19:02,600 --> 01:19:08,000 ACADEMIA INDUSTRY AND THEN OUR 1961 01:19:08,000 --> 01:19:08,480 STAKEHOLDERS. 1962 01:19:08,480 --> 01:19:11,000 A PROGRAM LIFE CYCLE, SO THIS 1963 01:19:11,000 --> 01:19:12,840 WILL BE THE FORMULA THAT 1964 01:19:12,840 --> 01:19:16,080 PROGRAMS ARE BORN AND GROW AT 1965 01:19:16,080 --> 01:19:16,560 ARPA-H. 1966 01:19:16,560 --> 01:19:21,360 THE INITIAL DESIGN, THEY HAVE 1967 01:19:21,360 --> 01:19:23,080 TO BE ARPA-HARD PROGRAMS AND 1968 01:19:23,080 --> 01:19:26,560 CAN'T EXIST ANYWHERE ELSE IN 1969 01:19:26,560 --> 01:19:27,040 THE ECOSYSTEM. 1970 01:19:27,040 --> 01:19:28,440 THEY ARE HIGH RISK WHICH I 1971 01:19:28,440 --> 01:19:31,000 WILL WALK YOU THROUGH ON THE 1972 01:19:31,000 --> 01:19:32,400 NEXT SLIDE AND THIS IS MAKING 1973 01:19:32,400 --> 01:19:34,280 SURE THE PROGRAM IS AMBITIOUS. 1974 01:19:34,280 --> 01:19:36,080 WE HAVE GOOD METRICS FOR THIS 1975 01:19:36,080 --> 01:19:37,280 AND THIS IS SOMETHING SOMEBODY 1976 01:19:37,280 --> 01:19:41,520 WANTS TO BUY AND USE ON THE 1977 01:19:41,520 --> 01:19:44,520 OTHER SIDE. 1978 01:19:44,520 --> 01:19:46,920 ONCE THEY ARE ACCOUNTED, THE 1979 01:19:46,920 --> 01:19:48,600 PM WILL FIND THE BEST 1980 01:19:48,600 --> 01:19:51,080 PERFORMERS IN THE INDUSTRY AND 1981 01:19:51,080 --> 01:19:53,240 ACADEMICS TO SOLVE IT, REALLY 1982 01:19:53,240 --> 01:19:55,320 BUILD A NEW COALITION SO EVEN 1983 01:19:55,320 --> 01:19:58,240 IF THE PROGRAM LEAVES ARPA-H, 1984 01:19:58,240 --> 01:20:00,160 THEY CAN START NEW COMMUNITIES 1985 01:20:00,160 --> 01:20:04,240 THAT WILL LONG OUTLAST ARPA-H 1986 01:20:04,240 --> 01:20:04,760 AS A PROGRAM. 1987 01:20:04,760 --> 01:20:07,000 THINK OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER 1988 01:20:07,000 --> 01:20:07,880 AS CEO. 1989 01:20:07,880 --> 01:20:13,320 THEY ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THOSE 1990 01:20:13,320 --> 01:20:13,640 RISKS. 1991 01:20:13,640 --> 01:20:17,960 WE WILL ALL OWN PART OF ARPA-H 1992 01:20:17,960 --> 01:20:21,360 AS TAXPAYERS SO MAKING SURE WE 1993 01:20:21,360 --> 01:20:23,320 ARE DILIGENT AND HAVE BEST USE 1994 01:20:23,320 --> 01:20:25,040 OF THOSE FUNDS SO IT IS READY 1995 01:20:25,040 --> 01:20:32,200 TO PIVOT ON THE BACK END THE 1996 01:20:32,200 --> 01:20:34,560 RESOURCES IF NEEDED. 1997 01:20:34,560 --> 01:20:40,560 SO LEARN AND GROW, AND 1998 01:20:40,560 --> 01:20:41,400 COMMERCIALIZING AND 1999 01:20:41,400 --> 01:20:45,960 TRANSITIONING OUT OF ARPA-H 2000 01:20:45,960 --> 01:20:48,360 INTO THE FOLLOW-ON FUNDER. 2001 01:20:48,360 --> 01:20:50,400 WE HOPE THAT WE WILL SPIT OUT 2002 01:20:50,400 --> 01:20:52,280 A LOT OF COMPANIES, TOO SO 2003 01:20:52,280 --> 01:20:55,560 THAT WILL BE PART OF OUR 2004 01:20:55,560 --> 01:20:56,120 ECOSYSTEM. 2005 01:20:56,120 --> 01:20:57,840 WE HAVE THIS WHOLE OFFICE WE 2006 01:20:57,840 --> 01:21:01,920 WILL TALK ABOUT IN A MOMENT TO 2007 01:21:01,920 --> 01:21:03,240 ASSIST SOME OF THOSE TEAMS TO 2008 01:21:03,240 --> 01:21:04,880 GET TO THAT POINT. 2009 01:21:04,880 --> 01:21:08,040 WHILE I WON'T BE DICTATING ANY 2010 01:21:08,040 --> 01:21:09,360 SPECIFIC PROGRAMS, WE WANTED 2011 01:21:09,360 --> 01:21:11,520 TO INDICATE OUT TO FUTURE 2012 01:21:11,520 --> 01:21:12,880 PROGRAMS TO MEMBERS OF 2013 01:21:12,880 --> 01:21:14,160 CONGRESS AND OTHERS SOME OF 2014 01:21:14,160 --> 01:21:15,960 THE PROGRAMS WE THINK ARE 2015 01:21:15,960 --> 01:21:17,920 RIGHT FOR FUNDING AND GOOD 2016 01:21:17,920 --> 01:21:19,080 LEVERS IN HEALTH WHERE 2017 01:21:19,080 --> 01:21:21,920 INVESTMENT COULD CHANGE THE 2018 01:21:21,920 --> 01:21:22,480 STATE-OF-THE-ART. 2019 01:21:22,480 --> 01:21:23,600 SO FIRST IS HEALTH SCIENCE 2020 01:21:23,600 --> 01:21:25,440 FUTURES AND ARE WHEN SOMEONE 2021 01:21:25,440 --> 01:21:28,360 ASKS ME WHAT DISEASES IS 2022 01:21:28,360 --> 01:21:30,960 ARPA-H WORKING ON, I SAY 2023 01:21:30,960 --> 01:21:33,360 ACTUALLY WE'RE DEVELOPING THE 2024 01:21:33,360 --> 01:21:35,440 TOOLS, TECHNOLOGY AND PLATFORM 2025 01:21:35,440 --> 01:21:42,920 RECOGNIZED AS THE HOLY TRINITY 2026 01:21:42,920 --> 01:21:47,480 SO IF A CELL MANAGER HAS A 2027 01:21:47,480 --> 01:21:50,640 PROGRAM, THEY MAY SELECT 2028 01:21:50,640 --> 01:21:56,040 PERFORMERS WHEN THEY HAVE THE 2029 01:21:56,040 --> 01:21:56,400 FUNDING. 2030 01:21:56,400 --> 01:21:57,360 SCALABLE SOLUTIONS ARE MEANT 2031 01:21:57,360 --> 01:22:00,160 TO REACH EVERYONE QUICKLY. 2032 01:22:00,160 --> 01:22:03,440 THERE ARE INCREDIBLE THAT HAVE 2033 01:22:03,440 --> 01:22:05,320 PROOF OF CONCEPT ALREADY BUT 2034 01:22:05,320 --> 01:22:07,040 MANY HAVE DIFFICULTY MAKING IT 2035 01:22:07,040 --> 01:22:11,640 TO THE LAST MILE. 2036 01:22:11,640 --> 01:22:14,920 HOW DO YOU HAVE SCALE IN TERMS 2037 01:22:14,920 --> 01:22:16,080 OF YOUR PANEL COST EFFECTIVE 2038 01:22:16,080 --> 01:22:18,920 BUT ALSO HOW DO YOU GET A 2039 01:22:18,920 --> 01:22:20,920 BILLION DOSES OF SOMETHING 2040 01:22:20,920 --> 01:22:22,160 REALLY QUICKLY AND SO THESE 2041 01:22:22,160 --> 01:22:24,920 ARE THINGS TO THINK ABOUT, 2042 01:22:24,920 --> 01:22:26,400 GEOGRAPHY, DISTRIBUTION, OTHER 2043 01:22:26,400 --> 01:22:27,480 ECONOMIES OF SCALE WILL BE 2044 01:22:27,480 --> 01:22:28,800 INVESTMENTS IN THIS AREA. 2045 01:22:28,800 --> 01:22:30,360 PROACTIVE HEALTH. 2046 01:22:30,360 --> 01:22:31,160 KEEPING PATIENTS FROM BECOMING 2047 01:22:31,160 --> 01:22:33,000 PATIENTS IN THE FIRST PLACE OR 2048 01:22:33,000 --> 01:22:35,800 IF THEY ARE A PATIENT, 2049 01:22:35,800 --> 01:22:37,760 PROLONGING THEIR BEST LIFE 2050 01:22:37,760 --> 01:22:40,400 THROUGH INVESTMENTS IN 2051 01:22:40,400 --> 01:22:42,360 DIAGNOSTICS, PREVENTION BUT 2052 01:22:42,360 --> 01:22:44,600 ALSO BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE. 2053 01:22:44,600 --> 01:22:47,560 TALKING IN OUR PIPELINE THINGS 2054 01:22:47,560 --> 01:22:52,360 WE THINK WILL MAKE AN IMPACT 2055 01:22:52,360 --> 01:22:53,280 IN THAT REGARD. 2056 01:22:53,280 --> 01:22:55,120 AND THE LAST STRUCTURE IS 2057 01:22:55,120 --> 01:22:57,320 RESILIENT SYSTEMS IS MORE OF A 2058 01:22:57,320 --> 01:22:59,120 SYSTEM-LEVEL TYPE OF FOCUSES 2059 01:22:59,120 --> 01:23:00,400 AREA WHERE SOME PEOPLE ON THE 2060 01:23:00,400 --> 01:23:03,080 TEAM LIKE TO CALL THIS THE 2061 01:23:03,080 --> 01:23:04,920 SILO BREAKING MISSION FOR US 2062 01:23:04,920 --> 01:23:07,320 WHERE IF YOU THINK OF 2063 01:23:07,320 --> 01:23:08,560 SOMETHING LIKE RAD X WHERE 2064 01:23:08,560 --> 01:23:10,440 THERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF 2065 01:23:10,440 --> 01:23:12,320 INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT IN 2066 01:23:12,320 --> 01:23:13,160 DIAGNOSTICS, THIS COULD 2067 01:23:13,160 --> 01:23:14,400 PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY TO 2068 01:23:14,400 --> 01:23:16,400 INTEGRATE THOSE, HAVE A DATA 2069 01:23:16,400 --> 01:23:18,040 LAYER AND BE ABLE TO REPORT 2070 01:23:18,040 --> 01:23:19,600 OUT TO DECISION MAKERS. 2071 01:23:19,600 --> 01:23:21,120 JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF THE TYPE 2072 01:23:21,120 --> 01:23:24,280 OF INVESTMENTS THAT COULD COME 2073 01:23:24,280 --> 01:23:25,920 FROM AN AREA LIKE THIS. 2074 01:23:25,920 --> 01:23:28,600 SO MY BIGGEST JOB, MY TOP, TOP 2075 01:23:28,600 --> 01:23:29,760 PRIORITY IS HIRING THOSE 2076 01:23:29,760 --> 01:23:31,280 PROGRAM MANAGERS. 2077 01:23:31,280 --> 01:23:32,720 CONGRESS HAS GIVEN US A 2078 01:23:32,720 --> 01:23:34,400 BILLION DOLLARS TO START AND I 2079 01:23:34,400 --> 01:23:35,760 CAN'T SPEND THIS FUND UNLESS 2080 01:23:35,760 --> 01:23:37,440 WE HAVE PROGRAM MANAGERS 2081 01:23:37,440 --> 01:23:39,280 IN-HOUSE AND WATCHING THOSE 2082 01:23:39,280 --> 01:23:39,640 PROGRAMS. 2083 01:23:39,640 --> 01:23:41,760 SO THE POSITION IS TIMEBOUND, 2084 01:23:41,760 --> 01:23:45,280 THREE TO SIX YEARS, THREE YEAR 2085 01:23:45,280 --> 01:23:46,480 BASE RENEWABLE FOR UP TO SIX 2086 01:23:46,480 --> 01:23:53,000 YEARS AND I HAVE DIRECT HIRING 2087 01:23:53,000 --> 01:23:53,560 AUTHORITY. 2088 01:23:53,560 --> 01:23:55,640 SO COMPETITIVE SALARY AND YOU 2089 01:23:55,640 --> 01:23:58,080 CAN GO TO THE WEBSITE AND THAT 2090 01:23:58,080 --> 01:23:59,400 STARTS THE CONVERSATION, WE 2091 01:23:59,400 --> 01:24:01,080 GET FEEDBACK VERY QUICKLY TO 2092 01:24:01,080 --> 01:24:02,680 START TO DEVELOP SOME OF THE 2093 01:24:02,680 --> 01:24:04,800 CONCEPTS AND THEN IF WE DEEM 2094 01:24:04,800 --> 01:24:09,000 THE PERSON AND THE IDEA WORTHY 2095 01:24:09,000 --> 01:24:10,920 OF ARPA-H, WE HOPE TO START TO 2096 01:24:10,920 --> 01:24:12,280 BRING THEM IN AND START 2097 01:24:12,280 --> 01:24:15,000 WORKING ON THE PROGRAMS. 2098 01:24:15,000 --> 01:24:17,160 AND THEN BUILDING THE FULL 2099 01:24:17,160 --> 01:24:19,040 BUSINESS TEAM AND SO WHEN THEY 2100 01:24:19,040 --> 01:24:21,640 JOIN THERE IS A WHOLE TEAM 2101 01:24:21,640 --> 01:24:22,760 THERE TO SUPPORT THEM MOVING 2102 01:24:22,760 --> 01:24:23,160 FORWARD. 2103 01:24:23,160 --> 01:24:24,560 AND I WOULD LOVE FOR THE FOLKS 2104 01:24:24,560 --> 01:24:26,000 HERE TO THINK ABOUT THE ONE OR 2105 01:24:26,000 --> 01:24:27,920 TWO PEOPLE IN THEIR NETWORK 2106 01:24:27,920 --> 01:24:30,040 THAT MIGHT MAKE EXCELLENT 2107 01:24:30,040 --> 01:24:30,800 PROGRAM MANAGERS. 2108 01:24:30,800 --> 01:24:33,280 PEOPLE OFTEN ASK WHAT MAKES A 2109 01:24:33,280 --> 01:24:35,080 GOOD PROGRAM MANAGER SO THEY 2110 01:24:35,080 --> 01:24:36,440 ARE UNCOMMON PEOPLE WITH 2111 01:24:36,440 --> 01:24:38,400 COMMON TRAITS, THEY ARE NOT 2112 01:24:38,400 --> 01:24:40,600 AFRAID TO FAIL, THEY HAVE 2113 01:24:40,600 --> 01:24:42,000 TECHNICAL HONESTY AND 2114 01:24:42,000 --> 01:24:42,400 INTEGRITY. 2115 01:24:42,400 --> 01:24:43,280 REMEMBER, THESE FOLKS HAVE TO 2116 01:24:43,280 --> 01:24:45,360 BE ABLE TO LOOK AT AN EFFORT 2117 01:24:45,360 --> 01:24:47,760 AND SAY IS IT WORKING OR NOT 2118 01:24:47,760 --> 01:24:51,960 AND STOP THAT EFFORT AND PUT 2119 01:24:51,960 --> 01:24:54,360 OFF THOSE RESOURCES IF NEEDED. 2120 01:24:54,360 --> 01:24:55,640 THEY ARE GREATER COLLABORATORS 2121 01:24:55,640 --> 01:24:59,560 WITH A GREAT TRACK RECORD, NO 2122 01:24:59,560 --> 01:25:00,920 SILO ONE SOLUTION BUT TEAM 2123 01:25:00,920 --> 01:25:02,880 WORK THAT GETS THIS DONE AND 2124 01:25:02,880 --> 01:25:05,120 THEY ARE VERY DRIVEN. 2125 01:25:05,120 --> 01:25:08,000 THEY HAVE HERE ONLY FOR THREE 2126 01:25:08,000 --> 01:25:10,040 YEARS, THEY ARRIVE AND THE 2127 01:25:10,040 --> 01:25:12,560 BRIDGE IS ALREADY BURNING DOWN 2128 01:25:12,560 --> 01:25:15,440 SO THEY ARE QUICKLY MOVING 2129 01:25:15,440 --> 01:25:15,760 FORWARD. 2130 01:25:15,760 --> 01:25:19,840 AND THEY MIGHT BE A PROBLEM 2131 01:25:19,840 --> 01:25:20,560 SOLVER, TINKERER, SEE WHAT 2132 01:25:20,560 --> 01:25:21,760 SURVIVES IN THE WORLD, THEY 2133 01:25:21,760 --> 01:25:26,360 COULD BE EARLY IN THEIR 2134 01:25:26,360 --> 01:25:28,160 CAREER, UNBIASED, UNJADED. 2135 01:25:28,160 --> 01:25:30,120 STATUS QUO, SOME MID-CAREER 2136 01:25:30,120 --> 01:25:31,800 WHO JUST IS FRUSTRATED WITH 2137 01:25:31,800 --> 01:25:34,080 THE SPEED OF HOW THINGS WORK 2138 01:25:34,080 --> 01:25:35,920 OR NOBODY HAS SEEN A CLARITY 2139 01:25:35,920 --> 01:25:37,960 OF VISION TO PULL TOGETHER A 2140 01:25:37,960 --> 01:25:39,760 SOLUTION OR SOMEBODY LATE 2141 01:25:39,760 --> 01:25:40,280 CAREER. 2142 01:25:40,280 --> 01:25:41,880 I WORKED WITH AN INDIVIDUAL 2143 01:25:41,880 --> 01:25:48,280 WHO CAME TO DARPA THREE TIMES 2144 01:25:48,280 --> 01:25:49,760 BECAUSE HE KEPT SEEING THESE 2145 01:25:49,760 --> 01:25:52,240 PROBLEMS AND WOULD JUMP BACK 2146 01:25:52,240 --> 01:25:55,360 TO DARPA AND SAY I NEED A BIG 2147 01:25:55,360 --> 01:26:04,880 INFLUX OF CASH, TYPICALLY 50 2148 01:26:04,880 --> 01:26:05,360 TO $150 MILLION. 2149 01:26:05,360 --> 01:26:08,080 SO THIS IS HOW WE WILL DEFINE 2150 01:26:08,080 --> 01:26:09,160 OUR PROBLEMS AND COMMUNICATE 2151 01:26:09,160 --> 01:26:10,680 THEM TO OUR COLLEAGUES AND THE 2152 01:26:10,680 --> 01:26:11,680 WORLD. 2153 01:26:11,680 --> 01:26:12,760 FIRST AND FOREMOST, WHAT ARE 2154 01:26:12,760 --> 01:26:15,960 YOU TRYING TO DO. 2155 01:26:15,960 --> 01:26:21,240 AND SO THE DIRECTOR AT DARPA A 2156 01:26:21,240 --> 01:26:24,920 LONG TIME AGO HAS ANTICIPATED 2157 01:26:24,920 --> 01:26:27,000 HIS SET OF QUESTIONS AND SO 2158 01:26:27,000 --> 01:26:28,320 THE FIRST QUESTION IS WHAT ARE 2159 01:26:28,320 --> 01:26:29,920 YOU TRYING TO DO, WHAT HEALTH 2160 01:26:29,920 --> 01:26:33,560 PROBLEM ARE YOU TRYING TO 2161 01:26:33,560 --> 01:26:33,880 SOLVE? 2162 01:26:33,880 --> 01:26:35,280 NO JARGON, HOW DO YOU 2163 01:26:35,280 --> 01:26:36,200 COMMUNICATE THIS TO THE 2164 01:26:36,200 --> 01:26:37,920 CONGRESS AND PUBLIC, WHAT YOU 2165 01:26:37,920 --> 01:26:39,800 ARE WORKING ON, HOW IS IT DONE 2166 01:26:39,800 --> 01:26:43,280 TODAY, WHAT IS THE STATUS QUO 2167 01:26:43,280 --> 01:26:43,760 AND WHAT IS NEW? 2168 01:26:43,760 --> 01:26:47,240 SO YOU ARE DRIVEN TO COME TO 2169 01:26:47,240 --> 01:26:50,160 ARPA-H BECAUSE YOU ARE AWARE 2170 01:26:50,160 --> 01:26:52,600 OF TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE 2171 01:26:52,600 --> 01:26:55,360 COMING, EVOLVING. 2172 01:26:55,360 --> 01:26:57,040 AND THEN WHO CARES? 2173 01:26:57,040 --> 01:26:58,240 WHAT ARE THE RISKS? 2174 01:26:58,240 --> 01:27:00,280 WE WILL TAKE BIG RISKS BUT 2175 01:27:00,280 --> 01:27:01,440 NEED TO MITIGATE THE RISKS 2176 01:27:01,440 --> 01:27:03,360 ALONG THE WAY AND MAKE SURE 2177 01:27:03,360 --> 01:27:05,160 THAT IT IS PHYSICS THAT WILL 2178 01:27:05,160 --> 01:27:06,200 BE THE CHALLENGE, NOT THINKING 2179 01:27:06,200 --> 01:27:07,560 ABOUT THE POLICY OR 2180 01:27:07,560 --> 01:27:10,320 REGULATIONS ON THE BACK END. 2181 01:27:10,320 --> 01:27:11,480 PRACTICAL THINGS LIKE HOW LONG 2182 01:27:11,480 --> 01:27:13,760 WILL IT TAKE, HOW MUCH WILL IT 2183 01:27:13,760 --> 01:27:16,520 COST AND HAVE WHAT ARE YOUR 2184 01:27:16,520 --> 01:27:17,520 EVALUATIONS ALONG THE WA I TO 2185 01:27:17,520 --> 01:27:21,920 MAKE SURE YOU ARE PROCEEDING, 2186 01:27:21,920 --> 01:27:23,320 A MONTHLY CHECK-IN WITH TEAMS 2187 01:27:23,320 --> 01:27:26,760 AND THEN FOR ARPA-H, WE HAVE 2188 01:27:26,760 --> 01:27:29,120 ADDED TWO QUESTIONS, FIRST TO 2189 01:27:29,120 --> 01:27:30,760 ENSURE EQUITABLE ACCESS FOR 2190 01:27:30,760 --> 01:27:33,520 EVERYBODY, HOW WILL THE 2191 01:27:33,520 --> 01:27:35,560 MANAGER WORK COST, 2192 01:27:35,560 --> 01:27:36,600 ACCESSIBILITY AND USER 2193 01:27:36,600 --> 01:27:37,600 EXPERIENCE FROM THE INITIAL 2194 01:27:37,600 --> 01:27:38,640 DESIGN OF THE PROGRAMS. 2195 01:27:38,640 --> 01:27:40,880 SO IT IS TOO LATE IF THEY HAVE 2196 01:27:40,880 --> 01:27:42,560 TON THE PROJECT, HAVEN'T 2197 01:27:42,560 --> 01:27:43,920 TALKED TO USERS, HAVEN'T 2198 01:27:43,920 --> 01:27:46,120 THOUGHT ABOUT SUPPLY CHAIN AND 2199 01:27:46,120 --> 01:27:47,400 HOW TO BRING COSTS TOWN. 2200 01:27:47,400 --> 01:27:50,720 I WILL NOT GIVE THEM A BANK 2201 01:27:50,720 --> 01:27:52,560 ACCOUNT TO PURSUE THEIR 2202 01:27:52,560 --> 01:27:54,520 PROGRAM UNLESS THEY ARTICULATE 2203 01:27:54,520 --> 01:27:55,560 THAT. 2204 01:27:55,560 --> 01:27:58,160 AND THEN HOWTHE PROGRAM BE 2205 01:27:58,160 --> 01:27:58,760 MISPERCEIVED OR MISUSED? 2206 01:27:58,760 --> 01:28:01,400 SO I THINK WITH SOCIAL MEDIA 2207 01:28:01,400 --> 01:28:02,560 AND HOW QUICKLY INFORMATION 2208 01:28:02,560 --> 01:28:05,160 GETS OUT, WE HAVE TO BE REALLY 2209 01:28:05,160 --> 01:28:06,400 THOUGHTFUL ABOUT HOW WE ARE 2210 01:28:06,400 --> 01:28:08,000 TALKING ABOUT OUR PROGRAMS AS 2211 01:28:08,000 --> 01:28:09,560 SCIENTISTS SO IF WE WANT THEM 2212 01:28:09,560 --> 01:28:11,000 TO SURVIVE IN THE WORLD, WE 2213 01:28:11,000 --> 01:28:13,120 HAVE TO TAKE THIS INTO ACCOUNT 2214 01:28:13,120 --> 01:28:13,680 AS WELL. 2215 01:28:13,680 --> 01:28:16,160 SO THE WAY TO FIND SUCCESS, 2216 01:28:16,160 --> 01:28:18,360 MIGHT BE A LITTLE DIFFERENT IN 2217 01:28:18,360 --> 01:28:19,960 OTHER PLACES, FIRST AND 2218 01:28:19,960 --> 01:28:22,840 FOREMOST, OUR SOLUTIONS ARE 2219 01:28:22,840 --> 01:28:24,680 NOT FUNDED THROUGH RESEARCH 2220 01:28:24,680 --> 01:28:25,160 GRANTS. 2221 01:28:25,160 --> 01:28:29,800 THEY WILL BE VERY ACTIVELY 2222 01:28:29,800 --> 01:28:33,400 MANAGED AND TO THEY SUCCEED IN 2223 01:28:33,400 --> 01:28:34,680 THE WILD WHERE PEOPLE SAY THAT 2224 01:28:34,680 --> 01:28:36,440 IS THE SOLUTION I NEED, I WANT 2225 01:28:36,440 --> 01:28:37,480 TO ADOPT IT. 2226 01:28:37,480 --> 01:28:40,120 AND THEN TAKE THINGS THAT LOOK 2227 01:28:40,120 --> 01:28:42,040 IMPOSSIBLE AND MAKE THEM 2228 01:28:42,040 --> 01:28:43,200 IMPROBABLE, SHOW PROOF OF 2229 01:28:43,200 --> 01:28:45,280 CONCEPT AND THEN WE CAN TAKE 2230 01:28:45,280 --> 01:28:49,360 THAT OUT OF ARPA-H TO BE FULLY 2231 01:28:49,360 --> 01:28:50,280 DEVELOPED. 2232 01:28:50,280 --> 01:28:52,360 AND THEN REALLY BRINGING 2233 01:28:52,360 --> 01:28:53,840 BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES TO 2234 01:28:53,840 --> 01:28:54,760 EVERYONE, OUR GOAL ACROSS THE 2235 01:28:54,760 --> 01:28:56,360 STATES AND THE WORLD SORL WE 2236 01:28:56,360 --> 01:28:57,840 WILL USE THINGS LIKE 2237 01:28:57,840 --> 01:29:01,920 COOPERATIVE TREATMENTS AND 2238 01:29:01,920 --> 01:29:03,680 CONTRACTS AND OTHER FORMS THAT 2239 01:29:03,680 --> 01:29:07,120 NIH USES AS WELL BUT WE WILL 2240 01:29:07,120 --> 01:29:08,640 USE EXCLUSIVELY IN OUR 2241 01:29:08,640 --> 01:29:09,960 APPROACH TO SCIENCE. 2242 01:29:09,960 --> 01:29:11,920 ALSO UNIQUE, THERE ARE OTHER 2243 01:29:11,920 --> 01:29:13,520 FUNDERS OUT THERE THAT USE 2244 01:29:13,520 --> 01:29:15,280 SOME FLAVOR OF THIS, WHAT WE 2245 01:29:15,280 --> 01:29:18,920 ARE CALLING OUR PATIO OFFICE. 2246 01:29:18,920 --> 01:29:20,960 IT IS REALLY HERE TO HELP 2247 01:29:20,960 --> 01:29:22,000 PROGRAM MANAGERS AND THEIR 2248 01:29:22,000 --> 01:29:23,400 PROGRAMS LEVEL UP FROM THE 2249 01:29:23,400 --> 01:29:24,560 BEGINNING BUT THEN ALSO GET 2250 01:29:24,560 --> 01:29:25,920 OUT OF THE AGENCY. 2251 01:29:25,920 --> 01:29:27,920 SO VERY EARLY ON, A PROGRAM 2252 01:29:27,920 --> 01:29:30,760 MANAGER MAY COME TO ARPA-H, 2253 01:29:30,760 --> 01:29:32,840 MAYBE THEY HAVE MINUTES 2254 01:29:32,840 --> 01:29:34,520 STATEMENTIVE EXPERIENCE, MAYBE 2255 01:29:34,520 --> 01:29:35,560 THEY ONLY HAVE GOVERNMENT 2256 01:29:35,560 --> 01:29:36,640 EXPERIENCE SO NOT EVERYONE 2257 01:29:36,640 --> 01:29:40,400 WILL BE ABLE TO DO A MARKET 2258 01:29:40,400 --> 01:29:41,640 ASSESSMENT AND ENTREPRENEURS 2259 01:29:41,640 --> 01:29:44,840 UNDERSTAND WHAT A METRIC IS. 2260 01:29:44,840 --> 01:29:48,640 SO WE WILL DEVELOP PROGRAMS, 2261 01:29:48,640 --> 01:29:50,240 THINK ABOUT WHAT ARE THE COST 2262 01:29:50,240 --> 01:29:51,880 BARRIERS TO A PROGRAM LIKE 2263 01:29:51,880 --> 01:29:52,160 THIS. 2264 01:29:52,160 --> 01:29:55,880 THEN WE WILL HAVE THE BROAD 2265 01:29:55,880 --> 01:29:57,680 AGENCY ANNOUNCEMENT, WHO ARE 2266 01:29:57,680 --> 01:29:58,720 THE PERFORMERS, WHAT PEOPLE 2267 01:29:58,720 --> 01:30:00,360 MIGHT WANT TO BE IN THIS SPACE 2268 01:30:00,360 --> 01:30:02,320 SO A LOT OF NETWORKING AND 2269 01:30:02,320 --> 01:30:04,720 GUESS WORK AND WE EXPECT 2270 01:30:04,720 --> 01:30:09,760 PROGRAM MANAGERS BUT ALSO WANT 2271 01:30:09,760 --> 01:30:12,080 TO CREATE ALTERNATIVE 2272 01:30:12,080 --> 01:30:12,960 SOLUTIONS, PRIVATE SECTOR HAS 2273 01:30:12,960 --> 01:30:14,920 SO MANY TOOLS AT THEIR 2274 01:30:14,920 --> 01:30:16,640 DISPOSAL WE DON'T WANT TO MISS 2275 01:30:16,640 --> 01:30:18,280 AND THEN WE HAVE NEGOTIATION 2276 01:30:18,280 --> 01:30:20,160 WHO THINK ABOUT VENTURE 2277 01:30:20,160 --> 01:30:22,160 CAPITAL WHERE WE WANT TO LOOK 2278 01:30:22,160 --> 01:30:24,840 AT OUR PROJECT AND DO THE 2279 01:30:24,840 --> 01:30:25,560 TECHNICAL DUE DILIGENCE 2280 01:30:25,560 --> 01:30:27,840 UPFRONT SO WE CAN START TO GET 2281 01:30:27,840 --> 01:30:31,000 A FEEL FOR WHO IS INTERESTED 2282 01:30:31,000 --> 01:30:32,640 IN THIS, JUST TO GET THE 2283 01:30:32,640 --> 01:30:34,440 PROGRAM THINKING IN THAT WAY 2284 01:30:34,440 --> 01:30:35,400 THAT THEY DO SURVIVE. 2285 01:30:35,400 --> 01:30:36,360 WE WILL CONTINUE DURING THE 2286 01:30:36,360 --> 01:30:38,280 COURSE OF THE PROGRAM, 2287 01:30:38,280 --> 01:30:40,560 UNDERSTANDING OUR RISKS FOR 2288 01:30:40,560 --> 01:30:41,760 INVESTORS WHETHER THE TOWN 2289 01:30:41,760 --> 01:30:43,480 STREAM FUNDER IS GOVERNMENT OR 2290 01:30:43,480 --> 01:30:44,880 PRIVATE SECTOR AND DE-RISK 2291 01:30:44,880 --> 01:30:47,000 WHAT THEY ARE WORRIED ABOUT 2292 01:30:47,000 --> 01:30:50,600 AND THEN DESIGN MINIMAL 2293 01:30:50,600 --> 01:30:51,880 PRODUCTS OR PROGRAMS TO 2294 01:30:51,880 --> 01:30:53,600 ITERATE AND MOVE TOWARDS 2295 01:30:53,600 --> 01:30:54,160 ADOPTION. 2296 01:30:54,160 --> 01:30:56,040 AND THEN AS PROJECTS MATURE, 2297 01:30:56,040 --> 01:30:58,000 MAKING SURE WE ARE PROTECTING 2298 01:30:58,000 --> 01:30:58,920 IP AND HELPING COMPANIES AND 2299 01:30:58,920 --> 01:31:01,560 TEAMS TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT IS 2300 01:31:01,560 --> 01:31:02,720 A REALLY CRITICAL PIECE OF IT. 2301 01:31:02,720 --> 01:31:04,760 I HAVE BEEN HERE EIGHT WEEKS 2302 01:31:04,760 --> 01:31:08,520 SO A QUICK STATUS UPDATE. 2303 01:31:08,520 --> 01:31:10,760 ARPA-H BY THE NUMBERS, WE 2304 01:31:10,760 --> 01:31:12,160 LAUNCHED OUR WEBSITE JUST 2305 01:31:12,160 --> 01:31:13,320 THREE WEEKS AGO. 2306 01:31:13,320 --> 01:31:14,640 THE CONTENT I JUST SHARED IS 2307 01:31:14,640 --> 01:31:16,560 ALL THERE ON THE WEBSITE. 2308 01:31:16,560 --> 01:31:18,520 TAKE A LOOK AT OUR LANDING 2309 01:31:18,520 --> 01:31:23,280 PAGE AND SEE HOW EASY IT IS TO 2310 01:31:23,280 --> 01:31:24,040 APPLY. 2311 01:31:24,040 --> 01:31:25,480 ALSO WE HAVE A PAGE WHERE 2312 01:31:25,480 --> 01:31:27,520 PEOPLE CAN SEND THEIR IDEAS AS 2313 01:31:27,520 --> 01:31:29,840 A PLACE TO START TOO. 2314 01:31:29,840 --> 01:31:33,480 WE HAVE LAUNCHERRED ARPA-H AT 2315 01:31:33,480 --> 01:31:34,800 HOWARD, SEVERAL PEOPLE HERE IN 2316 01:31:34,800 --> 01:31:35,960 THE ROOM WERE THERE AND THAT 2317 01:31:35,960 --> 01:31:37,360 WAS SPECIAL TO BE THERE WITH 2318 01:31:37,360 --> 01:31:39,320 THE SECRETARY OF HOWARD 2319 01:31:39,320 --> 01:31:50,480 UNIVERSITY TO HELP LAUNCH 2320 01:31:50,480 --> 01:31:50,800 ARPA-H. 2321 01:31:50,800 --> 01:31:55,600 AND A TEAM THAT IS REALLY 2322 01:31:55,600 --> 01:31:56,880 EXCITED ABOUT IT. 2323 01:31:56,880 --> 01:31:57,680 UNIVERSITIES WANT TO WORK WITH 2324 01:31:57,680 --> 01:32:02,880 US SO WE HAVE BEEN WORKING 2325 01:32:02,880 --> 01:32:05,080 WITH ADMINISTRATORS AND EDPS 2326 01:32:05,080 --> 01:32:06,680 OF RESEARCH TO SPREAD THE WORD 2327 01:32:06,680 --> 01:32:12,240 AND RECRUIT IS THE TOP LINE. 2328 01:32:12,240 --> 01:32:14,120 WE HAVE SOME THAT HAD INITIAL 2329 01:32:14,120 --> 01:32:16,080 OUTREACH TO US AND NOW 2330 01:32:16,080 --> 01:32:17,920 PROACTIVELY WE ARE REACHING 2331 01:32:17,920 --> 01:32:20,720 OUT TO THEM AGAIN FOR 2332 01:32:20,720 --> 01:32:23,400 PRERECRUITMENT BUT ALSO THAT 2333 01:32:23,400 --> 01:32:27,760 THEY KNOW HOW TO LAUNCH 2334 01:32:27,760 --> 01:32:29,560 PROGRAMS WE ACTUALLY CARE 2335 01:32:29,560 --> 01:32:30,160 ABOUT. 2336 01:32:30,160 --> 01:32:31,280 SO I SHARED THESE SLIDES 2337 01:32:31,280 --> 01:32:34,320 EARLIER IN THE WEEK AT A 2338 01:32:34,320 --> 01:32:36,400 NATIONAL CANCER EVENT SO A 2339 01:32:36,400 --> 01:32:39,000 LITTLE MYTH BUSTING HERE. 2340 01:32:39,000 --> 01:32:43,000 THE PRESIDENT ANNOUNCED CANCER 2341 01:32:43,000 --> 01:32:45,760 MOONSHOT TOGETHER WITH 2342 01:32:45,760 --> 01:32:46,680 REINVIGORATING MOONSHOT BUT 2343 01:32:46,680 --> 01:32:49,920 ALSO SHARING THE COMMITMENT TO 2344 01:32:49,920 --> 01:32:53,200 ARPA-H IN AN AGENCY THAT WILL 2345 01:32:53,200 --> 01:32:56,960 NOT ONLY WORK TOWARDS CANCER 2346 01:32:56,960 --> 01:32:59,520 GOALS BUT ALSO AS A NUMBER OF 2347 01:32:59,520 --> 01:33:00,200 DISEASES. 2348 01:33:00,200 --> 01:33:02,640 YOU MAY KNOW THE MOONSHOT FOR 2349 01:33:02,640 --> 01:33:04,360 CANCER IS A WHITE HOUSE 2350 01:33:04,360 --> 01:33:05,760 INITIATIVE AND REPRESENTS MANY 2351 01:33:05,760 --> 01:33:09,240 PLAYERS, EVERYONE FROM NASA, 2352 01:33:09,240 --> 01:33:11,760 DOD, NIH, CDC, SO IT IS A 2353 01:33:11,760 --> 01:33:14,080 REALLY BIG CANCER CABINET 2354 01:33:14,080 --> 01:33:15,560 COMMUNITY WORKING TOWARDS THE 2355 01:33:15,560 --> 01:33:17,040 MOONSHOT FOOLS. 2356 01:33:17,040 --> 01:33:22,720 SO THE CONTEXT OF ARPA-H IS 2357 01:33:22,720 --> 01:33:24,680 WHEN PRESIDENT BIDEN 2358 01:33:24,680 --> 01:33:26,640 REINVIGORATED MOONSHOT, ALSO 2359 01:33:26,640 --> 01:33:27,360 ANNOUNCING THIS AGENCY, SO WE 2360 01:33:27,360 --> 01:33:31,400 ARE A PART OF THIS BUT NOT 2361 01:33:31,400 --> 01:33:32,520 LEADING MOONSHOT. 2362 01:33:32,520 --> 01:33:34,720 A LITTLE MYTH BUSTING THERE. 2363 01:33:34,720 --> 01:33:37,600 I HAD A GREAT CONVERSATION 2364 01:33:37,600 --> 01:33:40,160 WITH MONICA, DIRECTOR AT NCI 2365 01:33:40,160 --> 01:33:43,560 WHERE WE CAN LEAN ON NCI AND 2366 01:33:43,560 --> 01:33:45,760 BUILD THE TOOLS AND PLATFORMS 2367 01:33:45,760 --> 01:33:47,160 AND TECHNOLOGIES THAT CAN BE 2368 01:33:47,160 --> 01:33:49,000 APPLICABLE AND OF COURSE YOU 2369 01:33:49,000 --> 01:33:51,720 KNOW THE CANCER MOONSHOT 2370 01:33:51,720 --> 01:33:54,760 PRIORITIES SO EVERYTHING FROM 2371 01:33:54,760 --> 01:33:56,560 ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL 2372 01:33:56,560 --> 01:34:01,400 EXPOSURE, BRINGING CUTTING 2373 01:34:01,400 --> 01:34:06,320 EDGE RESEARCH FORWARD AND WE 2374 01:34:06,320 --> 01:34:10,760 THINK IN THOSE FOUR AREAS 2375 01:34:10,760 --> 01:34:13,080 ARPA-H CAN HELP ADDRESS THESE. 2376 01:34:13,080 --> 01:34:16,000 SO WOULD WHAT HE WILL DO IS 2377 01:34:16,000 --> 01:34:18,680 APPOINT A CHAMPION FOR 2378 01:34:18,680 --> 01:34:20,920 MOONSHOT, A SINGLE POINT OF 2379 01:34:20,920 --> 01:34:22,800 CONTACTED THAT CAN BE 2380 01:34:22,800 --> 01:34:24,680 CONTRIBUTING AND ADVANCING THE 2381 01:34:24,680 --> 01:34:25,160 STATE-OF-THE-ART. 2382 01:34:25,160 --> 01:34:27,640 AND WE CAN ALSO ENGAGE 2383 01:34:27,640 --> 01:34:28,920 STAKEHOLDERS ON BEHALF OF THE 2384 01:34:28,920 --> 01:34:30,440 GOVERNMENT BUT THIS IS REALLY 2385 01:34:30,440 --> 01:34:32,560 OUR WAY TO COLLABORATE ACROSS 2386 01:34:32,560 --> 01:34:35,600 AGENCY SO WE DON'T HAVE 2387 01:34:35,600 --> 01:34:37,200 PROGRAMS YET SO THIS IS THE 2388 01:34:37,200 --> 01:34:38,920 THINGS TO COME IN THE NEXT 2389 01:34:38,920 --> 01:34:41,120 YEAR BUT THIS IS REALLY HOW 2390 01:34:41,120 --> 01:34:43,280 WE'RE THINKING ABOUT IT AND 2391 01:34:43,280 --> 01:34:45,440 CONTINUING TO MAXIMIZE OUR 2392 01:34:45,440 --> 01:34:46,520 INVESTMENT AND MAINTAIN 2393 01:34:46,520 --> 01:34:57,240 FLEXIBILITY TO WORK ON A BROAD 2394 01:34:57,240 --> 01:34:57,800 NUMBER OF ISSUES. 2395 01:34:57,800 --> 01:35:09,800 IT IS KNOWN THAT CURRENT HISTO 2396 01:35:09,800 --> 01:35:12,360 PATHOLOGY PRACTICE ARE 2397 01:35:12,360 --> 01:35:13,120 CUMBERSOME AND MANUAL. 2398 01:35:13,120 --> 01:35:16,680 SO IMAGINE IF ARPA-H COULD 2399 01:35:16,680 --> 01:35:17,920 DEVELOP NEW AS SAYS AND 2400 01:35:17,920 --> 01:35:19,120 DEVELOP THE MACHINE LEARNING 2401 01:35:19,120 --> 01:35:22,120 TOOLS TO HELP WITH AN 2402 01:35:22,120 --> 01:35:23,480 AUTOMATED DIAGNOSTIC IN THAT 2403 01:35:23,480 --> 01:35:26,560 TISSUE CONTRACT OCCASION AND 2404 01:35:26,560 --> 01:35:29,320 THEN IMPORTANTLY INTEGRATE 2405 01:35:29,320 --> 01:35:31,560 THAT DATA QUICKLY TO A 2406 01:35:31,560 --> 01:35:32,880 HEALTHCARE PROVIDER TO IMPROVE 2407 01:35:32,880 --> 01:35:35,720 PATIENT STANDARD OF CARE. 2408 01:35:35,720 --> 01:35:39,920 VERY OBVIOUS HOW THAT MIGHT 2409 01:35:39,920 --> 01:35:43,760 HELP SOMETHING LIKE TUMORS, 2410 01:35:43,760 --> 01:35:45,360 OTHER TYPES OF CANCERS, THIS 2411 01:35:45,360 --> 01:35:49,000 IS HOW WE THINK OF BRINGING 2412 01:35:49,000 --> 01:35:50,880 THESE FORWARD SO THE PROGRAMS 2413 01:35:50,880 --> 01:35:52,400 HAVE BEEN ALIGNED WITH 2414 01:35:52,400 --> 01:35:53,120 MOONSHOT. 2415 01:35:53,120 --> 01:35:55,200 AND THEN MY LAST SLIDE, A CALL 2416 01:35:55,200 --> 01:35:55,760 TO ACTION. 2417 01:35:55,760 --> 01:35:57,120 WE ARE HIRING PROGRAM MANAGERS 2418 01:35:57,120 --> 01:35:58,560 AND WANT THE BEST AND THE 2419 01:35:58,560 --> 01:36:00,160 BRIGHTEST SO IF YOU CAN THINK 2420 01:36:00,160 --> 01:36:02,920 OF A COUPLE FOLKS IN YOUR 2421 01:36:02,920 --> 01:36:04,760 NETWORKS WHO YOU THINK WOULD 2422 01:36:04,760 --> 01:36:06,920 ALIGN TO DO THE GOALS SET 2423 01:36:06,920 --> 01:36:09,920 FORTH HERE AND REALLY TO 2424 01:36:09,920 --> 01:36:10,960 ADDRESS BIG CHALLENGES IN 2425 01:36:10,960 --> 01:36:12,160 HEALTH, WE WOULD LOVE TO HEAR 2426 01:36:12,160 --> 01:36:12,760 FROM YOU. 2427 01:36:12,760 --> 01:36:14,560 HAPPY TO TAKE ANY QUESTIONS. 2428 01:36:14,560 --> 01:36:17,480 >> THANKS SO MUCH, RENEE, 2429 01:36:17,480 --> 01:36:18,760 EXCITING TO SEE THE PROGRESS 2430 01:36:18,760 --> 01:36:20,480 YOU HAVE MADE IN OUTLINING 2431 01:36:20,480 --> 01:36:21,680 YOUR VISION AND I THINK THAT 2432 01:36:21,680 --> 01:36:24,200 LAST SLIDE IS PROBABLY THE 2433 01:36:24,200 --> 01:36:25,920 MOST IMPORTANT ONE, REACH OUT 2434 01:36:25,920 --> 01:36:28,360 IF YOU KNOW ANYONE OR IF YOU 2435 01:36:28,360 --> 01:36:29,840 YOURSELF ARE INTERESTED IN 2436 01:36:29,840 --> 01:36:31,320 BECOMING PROGRAM MANAGER, WE 2437 01:36:31,320 --> 01:36:38,720 NEED REALLY GOOD PEOPLE. 2438 01:36:38,720 --> 01:36:43,480 AND YOU HAVE YOUR HAND UP -- 2439 01:36:43,480 --> 01:36:44,160 [ OFF MIC ] 2440 01:36:44,160 --> 01:36:46,480 >> GOOD MORNING, I AM ONE OF 2441 01:36:46,480 --> 01:36:49,080 THE NEW MEMBERS OF ARPA-H AND 2442 01:36:49,080 --> 01:36:51,120 IT IS AN HONOR TO BE HERE 2443 01:36:51,120 --> 01:36:54,760 ESPECIALLY IN PERSON AND 2444 01:36:54,760 --> 01:36:56,000 WELCOME AS WELL. 2445 01:36:56,000 --> 01:36:58,640 SO HAVING CONVERSATIONS WITH 2446 01:36:58,640 --> 01:37:01,920 ADINA WHO WAS AT DARPA FOR A 2447 01:37:01,920 --> 01:37:07,360 WHILE SO REALLY EXCITED TO SEE 2448 01:37:07,360 --> 01:37:07,920 THE POINTS HERE. 2449 01:37:07,920 --> 01:37:09,880 I THINK IT IS REALLY 2450 01:37:09,880 --> 01:37:11,480 OPPORTUNITY WE'RE TALKING 2451 01:37:11,480 --> 01:37:12,080 ABOUT. 2452 01:37:12,080 --> 01:37:16,560 AS YOU KNOW, ARP A -H TRAINS 2453 01:37:16,560 --> 01:37:19,760 SOME 22,000 POST-DOCS AND THEY 2454 01:37:19,760 --> 01:37:21,560 ARE THE MOST FEARLESS. 2455 01:37:21,560 --> 01:37:24,040 AND WHEN I THINK ABOUT PEOPLE 2456 01:37:24,040 --> 01:37:26,160 WHO ARE THE MOST DRIVEN, 2457 01:37:26,160 --> 01:37:29,480 EXTREMELY DRIVEN IN MY 30s, 2458 01:37:29,480 --> 01:37:32,080 HAVE LESS ENERGY NOW AS THE 2459 01:37:32,080 --> 01:37:33,560 EMERGING YOUNG SCIENTISTS IN 2460 01:37:33,560 --> 01:37:36,560 THE COUNTRY AND WHEN I THINK 2461 01:37:36,560 --> 01:37:39,360 ABOUT THE ADVANTAGE LONG-TERM 2462 01:37:39,360 --> 01:37:42,560 AS SCIENCE IS BEING BUILT, HOW 2463 01:37:42,560 --> 01:37:52,560 WE PULL THOSE YOUNG SCIENTISTS 2464 01:37:52,560 --> 01:37:54,720 SINCE THEY ARE IN THE PROGRAM 2465 01:37:54,720 --> 01:37:59,560 A SHORT AMOUNT OF TIME. 2466 01:37:59,560 --> 01:38:01,560 SO WONDERING IF YOU HAVE 2467 01:38:01,560 --> 01:38:02,880 THOUGHT ABOUT THAT? 2468 01:38:02,880 --> 01:38:03,320 >> ABSOLUTELY. 2469 01:38:03,320 --> 01:38:04,880 WE HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT 2470 01:38:04,880 --> 01:38:06,920 WHAT ARE SOME OF THE 2471 01:38:06,920 --> 01:38:09,680 FELLOWSHIPS YOU WANT TO START 2472 01:38:09,680 --> 01:38:11,560 AT ARPA-H AND THIS HAS 2473 01:38:11,560 --> 01:38:13,600 DEFINITELY COME UP. 2474 01:38:13,600 --> 01:38:17,440 FOR EXAMPLE, DARPA HAS A YOUNG 2475 01:38:17,440 --> 01:38:18,680 FACULTY AWARD SO SOMEONE WHO 2476 01:38:18,680 --> 01:38:29,480 IS STARTING AS A POST-DOC, 2477 01:38:29,480 --> 01:38:32,480 THEY WILL NOT GET ONE OF THE 2478 01:38:32,480 --> 01:38:35,600 50 MAIN ONES BUT DEFINITELY 2479 01:38:35,600 --> 01:38:38,160 CONSIDERED NEXT YEAR, GETTING 2480 01:38:38,160 --> 01:38:40,480 TO INTERACT WITH THE TEAMS IN 2481 01:38:40,480 --> 01:38:44,120 AI AND HOW WE CAN TO BETTER TO 2482 01:38:44,120 --> 01:38:46,200 ADD ON AND SO THE PROGRAM WILL 2483 01:38:46,200 --> 01:38:48,240 BE LOCKED IN FROM DAY ONE. 2484 01:38:48,240 --> 01:38:50,240 WE HAVE A LOT OF FLEXIBILITY 2485 01:38:50,240 --> 01:38:51,720 TO UPDATE THAT SO HEARING 2486 01:38:51,720 --> 01:38:53,320 THOSE IDEAS FROM EVERYBODY IN 2487 01:38:53,320 --> 01:38:57,560 THE LAB IS IN MY EXPERIENCE 2488 01:38:57,560 --> 01:38:58,720 WHAT KEEPS ENRICHING THAT 2489 01:38:58,720 --> 01:39:00,840 PROJECT AND HOW IT MOVES 2490 01:39:00,840 --> 01:39:03,920 FORWARD, IT IS A GREAT IDEA, 2491 01:39:03,920 --> 01:39:04,320 THANK YOU. 2492 01:39:04,320 --> 01:39:07,400 >> HOWARD? 2493 01:39:07,400 --> 01:39:09,560 >> HOWARD SCHULMAN FROM HCD, 2494 01:39:09,560 --> 01:39:26,400 THANK YOU FOR SHARING YOUR 2495 01:39:26,400 --> 01:39:27,080 VISION ON ARPA-H. 2496 01:39:27,080 --> 01:39:31,360 >> I HOPE YOU CAN TALK ABOUT 2497 01:39:31,360 --> 01:39:33,560 HOW ARPA WILL WORK TOGETHER AS 2498 01:39:33,560 --> 01:39:35,520 A TEAM, TO SHARE KNOWLEDGE OF 2499 01:39:35,520 --> 01:39:37,800 NETWORK AND ALSO MENTORS AND 2500 01:39:37,800 --> 01:39:39,960 THE METRICS FOR THEIR GROWTH 2501 01:39:39,960 --> 01:39:45,720 OR PROGRESS WITH AN ARPA-H 2502 01:39:45,720 --> 01:39:47,760 PERSON ON THE PORTFOLIO 2503 01:39:47,760 --> 01:39:48,960 BECAUSE EVERYBODY IS TIME 2504 01:39:48,960 --> 01:39:50,160 BOUND AND EVERYBODY WILL 2505 01:39:50,160 --> 01:39:52,120 ESSENTIALLY BE ON THEIR WAY 2506 01:39:52,120 --> 01:39:54,040 OUT, WHAT IS SORT OF THE 2507 01:39:54,040 --> 01:39:56,040 BENCHMARKS AND ALSO IF THEY 2508 01:39:56,040 --> 01:39:58,200 ARE EVALUATING THEIR PROGRESS? 2509 01:39:58,200 --> 01:39:59,480 >> LOTS OF QUESTIONS IN THERE. 2510 01:39:59,480 --> 01:40:01,360 LET ME SEE IF I CAN HIT THEM 2511 01:40:01,360 --> 01:40:03,360 ALL. 2512 01:40:03,360 --> 01:40:07,160 SO IN TERMS OF PROGRAM 2513 01:40:07,160 --> 01:40:07,920 MANAGERS WORKING TOGETHER, WE 2514 01:40:07,920 --> 01:40:09,240 HAVE BEEN THINKING ABOUT HOW 2515 01:40:09,240 --> 01:40:13,080 DO WE DO THAT IN A POST COVID 2516 01:40:13,080 --> 01:40:15,280 WORK ENVIRONMENT WHICH IS 2517 01:40:15,280 --> 01:40:17,440 INTERESTING BECAUSE WE DON'T 2518 01:40:17,440 --> 01:40:18,760 HAVE A HEADQUARTERS YET BUT 2519 01:40:18,760 --> 01:40:21,640 WHEN WE DO, WE KNOW WE WILL BE 2520 01:40:21,640 --> 01:40:23,600 TRAVELING QUITE A BIT BUT HAVE 2521 01:40:23,600 --> 01:40:26,200 TO MAKE SURE WE HAVE GOOD 2522 01:40:26,200 --> 01:40:29,080 FACE-TO-FACE TIME. 2523 01:40:29,080 --> 01:40:29,840 IMPORTANTLY ONE OF THE 2524 01:40:29,840 --> 01:40:36,480 EXPERIENCES I HAD ON DARPA, WE 2525 01:40:36,480 --> 01:40:39,400 HAD ENGAGEMENT WITH OUR 2526 01:40:39,400 --> 01:40:40,800 CUSTOMERS AND SPENDING A DAY 2527 01:40:40,800 --> 01:40:44,000 AT AN AIR BASE AND LEARNING 2528 01:40:44,000 --> 01:40:45,080 ABOUT RADIATION EXPOSURE FOR 2529 01:40:45,080 --> 01:40:47,000 PILOTS OR ANOTHER DAY, YOU 2530 01:40:47,000 --> 01:40:49,760 KNOW, WORKING IN FIELD 2531 01:40:49,760 --> 01:40:50,760 TRAINING UNDERSTANDING HUMAN 2532 01:40:50,760 --> 01:40:53,000 PERFORMANCE IN THAT CONTEXT, 2533 01:40:53,000 --> 01:40:53,600 REALLY CHANGES. 2534 01:40:53,600 --> 01:40:55,520 WAY YOU APPROACH YOUR 2535 01:40:55,520 --> 01:40:56,160 PROGRAMS. 2536 01:40:56,160 --> 01:40:58,000 AND ALSO IT SPARKS 2537 01:40:58,000 --> 01:41:00,080 CONVERSATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 2538 01:41:00,080 --> 01:41:02,240 AT OTHER OFFICES, WOW IF YOU 2539 01:41:02,240 --> 01:41:03,760 HAVE A WEARABLE SENSOR I CAN 2540 01:41:03,760 --> 01:41:06,240 MAKE THE OTHER PIECE AND 2541 01:41:06,240 --> 01:41:08,640 COLLABORATE TOGETHER. 2542 01:41:08,640 --> 01:41:09,920 SO THE IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCES 2543 01:41:09,920 --> 01:41:10,840 IN HEALTH ACROSS THE UNITED 2544 01:41:10,840 --> 01:41:13,280 STATES WOULD BE ONE WAY TO 2545 01:41:13,280 --> 01:41:15,560 ENGAGE BUT WE ALSO WANT TO 2546 01:41:15,560 --> 01:41:17,160 SUPPORT PROGRAM MANAGERS 2547 01:41:17,160 --> 01:41:18,160 WORKING ACROSS OFFICES. 2548 01:41:18,160 --> 01:41:20,520 THIS IS SOMETHING THAT DARPA 2549 01:41:20,520 --> 01:41:22,560 DIDN'T REALLY NEED TO DO. 2550 01:41:22,560 --> 01:41:25,440 I DIDN'T HAVE TO WORK WITH THE 2551 01:41:25,440 --> 01:41:27,160 TACTICAL TECHNOLOGY LIKE 2552 01:41:27,160 --> 01:41:28,560 WEAPONS AND MISSILES SO YOU 2553 01:41:28,560 --> 01:41:31,320 KNOW HOW DO WE ENCOURAGE THE 2554 01:41:31,320 --> 01:41:32,040 CROSS COLLABORATION. 2555 01:41:32,040 --> 01:41:33,880 SO WHAT IS GREAT ABOUT HAVING 2556 01:41:33,880 --> 01:41:35,000 A YOUNG ORGANIZATION IS THERE 2557 01:41:35,000 --> 01:41:37,080 IS NO WAY THAT IT HAS BEEN 2558 01:41:37,080 --> 01:41:39,760 DONE BEFORE SO WE WANT TO 2559 01:41:39,760 --> 01:41:41,800 EXPERIMENT WITH COPIS AND CAN 2560 01:41:41,800 --> 01:41:46,360 WE GET COMANAGERS WORKING 2561 01:41:46,360 --> 01:41:48,600 COLLABORATIVELY WORKING ON 2562 01:41:48,600 --> 01:41:56,440 PROJECTS, LIKE THE HISTOLOGY 2563 01:41:56,440 --> 01:41:57,800 COMPONENT I EXPLAINED. 2564 01:41:57,800 --> 01:42:00,400 IS REALLY TO ENCOURAGE NOT 2565 01:42:00,400 --> 01:42:04,040 COMPETITION BUT LIKE YOU KNOW 2566 01:42:04,040 --> 01:42:06,040 YOU ALMOST HAVE FO M O FROM 2567 01:42:06,040 --> 01:42:07,760 NOT BEING ABLE TO COLLABORATE 2568 01:42:07,760 --> 01:42:10,760 SO HOW TO CREATE A CULTURE AND 2569 01:42:10,760 --> 01:42:11,760 ENVIRONMENT THAT REALLY 2570 01:42:11,760 --> 01:42:13,560 SUPPORTS THAT SO THAT IS PART 2571 01:42:13,560 --> 01:42:16,080 OF MY JOB IN CREATING THAT 2572 01:42:16,080 --> 01:42:17,440 THAT WILL ALLOW FOLKS TO 2573 01:42:17,440 --> 01:42:18,400 COLLABORATE AND HOSPITAL IN 2574 01:42:18,400 --> 01:42:24,040 HAVE FEAR OF COMPETITION FOR 2575 01:42:24,040 --> 01:42:24,600 THEIR PERFORMANCE. 2576 01:42:24,600 --> 01:42:25,960 DID I GET THEM AL? 2577 01:42:25,960 --> 01:42:29,000 >> THAT WAS GREAT, THANK YOU 2578 01:42:29,000 --> 01:42:29,360 SO MUCH. 2579 01:42:29,360 --> 01:42:32,200 >> SO THIS IS SO EXCITING I AM 2580 01:42:32,200 --> 01:42:34,160 ABOUT TO QUIT MY DAY JOB AND 2581 01:42:34,160 --> 01:42:36,000 JOIN YOU BUT I WANTED TO 2582 01:42:36,000 --> 01:42:37,760 DOUBLE TOWN ON THE TRAINING. 2583 01:42:37,760 --> 01:42:42,760 THE ENERGY AND EXCITEMENT IS 2584 01:42:42,760 --> 01:42:44,520 JUST SO PALPABLE THAT I WAS 2585 01:42:44,520 --> 01:42:45,240 THINKING EARLIER ABOUT 2586 01:42:45,240 --> 01:42:46,400 INTERESTS IN OTHER PROGRAMS. 2587 01:42:46,400 --> 01:42:48,720 NOW I DON'T WANT TO BURDEN YOU 2588 01:42:48,720 --> 01:42:51,560 WITH A LOT OF TRAINING THAT IS 2589 01:42:51,560 --> 01:42:55,920 CLOSING DOWN BUT IT IS REALLY 2590 01:42:55,920 --> 01:42:59,000 INTERESTING THESE COLLEGES ARE 2591 01:42:59,000 --> 01:43:06,440 ALL GIVING BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER 2592 01:43:06,440 --> 01:43:08,560 DEGREES AND BRINGING IN THAT. 2593 01:43:08,560 --> 01:43:11,800 >> WE HAVE AGREED AS AN 2594 01:43:11,800 --> 01:43:14,880 ORGANIZATION TO LIKE MAYBE 2595 01:43:14,880 --> 01:43:16,920 YEAR TWO, EXCITED ABOUT 2596 01:43:16,920 --> 01:43:22,560 ENGAGING IN PROGRAMS LIKE THE 2597 01:43:22,560 --> 01:43:24,080 PRESIDENT'S SUMMERS, 2598 01:43:24,080 --> 01:43:26,840 CONTRIBUTING OUR WEBSITE, LED 2599 01:43:26,840 --> 01:43:29,440 BY A PRESERVATION FELLOW AND 2600 01:43:29,440 --> 01:43:32,280 THEN IT WAS LIKE CAN THIS LOOK 2601 01:43:32,280 --> 01:43:34,080 LIKE A GOVERNMENT WEBSITE AND 2602 01:43:34,080 --> 01:43:36,120 THEN GO AND OF COURSE BRINGING 2603 01:43:36,120 --> 01:43:36,560 THAT FORWARD. 2604 01:43:36,560 --> 01:43:38,760 WHAT I WILL SAY IS WE'RE 2605 01:43:38,760 --> 01:43:41,720 THINKING A LITTLE ABOUT 2606 01:43:41,720 --> 01:43:43,160 CHALLENGES THAT WE APPLY AND 2607 01:43:43,160 --> 01:43:45,480 ONE WAY TO GET THAT ENERGY AND 2608 01:43:45,480 --> 01:43:47,360 IDEAS WOULD BE TO CREATE A 2609 01:43:47,360 --> 01:43:48,360 CHALLENGE OR PRIZE AROUND IT 2610 01:43:48,360 --> 01:43:51,840 SO IF YOU WANT TO THINK OF 2611 01:43:51,840 --> 01:43:54,040 ONE, COME TO ARPA AND RUN 2612 01:43:54,040 --> 01:43:55,760 THESE CHALLENGES AND WE WOULD 2613 01:43:55,760 --> 01:43:58,560 BE CERTAINLY OPEN TO THAT. 2614 01:43:58,560 --> 01:44:00,520 >> SO I GET TO KEEP MY DAY 2615 01:44:00,520 --> 01:44:02,720 JOB, THAT IS EVEN BETTER. 2616 01:44:02,720 --> 01:44:05,200 SECOND QUESTION IS WHAT ARE 2617 01:44:05,200 --> 01:44:06,760 THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2618 01:44:06,760 --> 01:44:07,160 COLLABORATION? 2619 01:44:07,160 --> 01:44:09,200 IT DOES SEEM OTHER PARTS OF 2620 01:44:09,200 --> 01:44:12,360 THE WORLD HAVE DIFFERENT WAYS 2621 01:44:12,360 --> 01:44:14,880 OF DOING COST AND STRENGTHS 2622 01:44:14,880 --> 01:44:16,520 AND SCALE AND IS THERE 2623 01:44:16,520 --> 01:44:17,800 OPPORTUNITY THERE? 2624 01:44:17,800 --> 01:44:18,240 >> ABSOLUTELY. 2625 01:44:18,240 --> 01:44:20,600 OF COURSE WE WILL CONTRIBUTE 2626 01:44:20,600 --> 01:44:23,920 DOMESTICKICLY BUT WE ARE OPEN 2627 01:44:23,920 --> 01:44:25,120 TO INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION 2628 01:44:25,120 --> 01:44:27,840 AND AGAIN IT IS A LITTLE 2629 01:44:27,840 --> 01:44:29,160 CHICKEN AND EGG BECAUSE WE 2630 01:44:29,160 --> 01:44:31,720 NEED A PROGRAM MANAGER. 2631 01:44:31,720 --> 01:44:34,480 SO SHARING THIS MESSAGE, WE'RE 2632 01:44:34,480 --> 01:44:34,800 HIRING. 2633 01:44:34,800 --> 01:44:36,760 IF YOU KNOW FOLKS WHO WANT TO 2634 01:44:36,760 --> 01:44:38,480 SOLVE BIG WORLD PROBLEMS, SEND 2635 01:44:38,480 --> 01:44:39,200 THEM OUR WAY. 2636 01:44:39,200 --> 01:44:43,400 IT CAN BE AT THE PROGRAM LEVEL 2637 01:44:43,400 --> 01:44:48,160 BUT WE HAVE ALSO STARTED TO 2638 01:44:48,160 --> 01:44:49,440 ENGAGE INTERNATIONALLY, WE 2639 01:44:49,440 --> 01:44:50,920 HAVE BEEN INTERACTIVE AND SO 2640 01:44:50,920 --> 01:44:54,720 FOR FOLKS WHO HAVE REACHED OUT 2641 01:44:54,720 --> 01:44:58,040 BUT THE PLAN TO BE VERY ACTIVE 2642 01:44:58,040 --> 01:44:59,360 ENGAGEMENT, WHAT OTHER 2643 01:44:59,360 --> 01:45:00,360 COUNTRIES ARE INTERESTED IN 2644 01:45:00,360 --> 01:45:02,680 THE AREAS WE'RE INTERESTED IN 2645 01:45:02,680 --> 01:45:09,160 AND START COLLABORATING THAT 2646 01:45:09,160 --> 01:45:09,560 WAY. 2647 01:45:09,560 --> 01:45:13,840 >> DINA AND THEN JUDITH. 2648 01:45:13,840 --> 01:45:22,440 >> SO I HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT 2649 01:45:22,440 --> 01:45:26,600 THE PROJECT EXPECTED TO BE THE 2650 01:45:26,600 --> 01:45:32,360 DEPTH OF ARPA-H, THE HISTOLOGY 2651 01:45:32,360 --> 01:45:34,080 IDEA PRESENTED, THERE ARE LIKE 2652 01:45:34,080 --> 01:45:36,760 A FEW COMPANIES WHO ARE EVEN 2653 01:45:36,760 --> 01:45:38,720 COOKING ON THAT AND OF COURSE 2654 01:45:38,720 --> 01:45:41,440 IT WOULD BENEFIT BUT THERE 2655 01:45:41,440 --> 01:45:43,760 MIGHT BE OTHER ADDRESS SO 2656 01:45:43,760 --> 01:45:46,800 REALLY JUST AN IDEA, LIKE THE 2657 01:45:46,800 --> 01:45:50,760 IDEAS ON THE SLIDES, WHAT IS 2658 01:45:50,760 --> 01:45:52,360 THIS GROUP AND HOW MUCH MIGHT 2659 01:45:52,360 --> 01:45:54,560 THIS BE POSSIBLE IF NEEDED 2660 01:45:54,560 --> 01:45:57,560 BEFORE STARTING A PULLDOWN OR 2661 01:45:57,560 --> 01:45:59,960 APPLYING FOR A PROGRAM? 2662 01:45:59,960 --> 01:46:03,360 >> YES, THERE IS A FRAMEWORK 2663 01:46:03,360 --> 01:46:10,280 BY WHICH WE TALK ABOUT 2664 01:46:10,280 --> 01:46:11,360 TECHNOLOGY LEVELS -- 2665 01:46:11,360 --> 01:46:11,960 [INDISCERNIBLE] 2666 01:46:11,960 --> 01:46:14,280 SO I THINK PRIMARILY WE WOULD 2667 01:46:14,280 --> 01:46:16,560 BE INTERESTED IN FUNDING 2668 01:46:16,560 --> 01:46:19,960 THINGS THAT ARE ZERO 1 TO 5 SO 2669 01:46:19,960 --> 01:46:21,760 THERE CAN BE A PROTOTYPE, 2670 01:46:21,760 --> 01:46:23,600 MAYBE TO SCALE THE SOLUTION, 2671 01:46:23,600 --> 01:46:26,120 MAYBE IT IS FURTHER LIKE 2672 01:46:26,120 --> 01:46:28,600 HISTOLOGY WHERE THE MAJOR 2673 01:46:28,600 --> 01:46:30,960 BARRIER THERE IS SHARING AND 2674 01:46:30,960 --> 01:46:33,080 BEING ABLE TO GET IT QUICKLY 2675 01:46:33,080 --> 01:46:35,000 TO PATIENTS AND DOCTORS COAST 2676 01:46:35,000 --> 01:46:36,720 TO COAST CAN COMPARE HOW THEY 2677 01:46:36,720 --> 01:46:38,160 ARE TREATING PATIENTS SO WE 2678 01:46:38,160 --> 01:46:40,480 WILL LOOK AT THE FULL GAMUT. 2679 01:46:40,480 --> 01:46:43,080 I WILL NOT ANTICIPATE THAT WE 2680 01:46:43,080 --> 01:46:45,480 WILL BE LOOKING AT A LOT OF 2681 01:46:45,480 --> 01:46:47,240 FILES UNLESS IT IS LATE STAGE 2682 01:46:47,240 --> 01:46:49,160 PUT WE WILL CONSIDER 2683 01:46:49,160 --> 01:46:51,280 INNOVATION THAT CAN'T BE DONE 2684 01:46:51,280 --> 01:46:51,760 SOMEWHERE ELSE. 2685 01:46:51,760 --> 01:46:54,160 REALLY IT WILL BE ACROSS THE 2686 01:46:54,160 --> 01:47:04,280 SPECTRUM BUT KEEP IN MIND THAT 2687 01:47:04,280 --> 01:47:05,640 WHATEVER WAY THE PROGRAM IS 2688 01:47:05,640 --> 01:47:12,760 DESIGNED IS THE WAY IT WILL BE 2689 01:47:12,760 --> 01:47:14,800 FUNDED. 2690 01:47:14,800 --> 01:47:17,120 >> SO I LOVE THE PROGRAM AND 2691 01:47:17,120 --> 01:47:18,760 THE ENERGY YOU ARE BRINGING TO 2692 01:47:18,760 --> 01:47:21,880 IT SO I WANT TO COME BACK TO 2693 01:47:21,880 --> 01:47:24,840 THE TRAINEE ISSUE BECAUSE I 2694 01:47:24,840 --> 01:47:28,240 FEEL LIKE THAT INNOVATION IS 2695 01:47:28,240 --> 01:47:34,400 SO IMPORTANT AND THAT LITTLE 2696 01:47:34,400 --> 01:47:36,600 MIND YOU HAVE AT NIH, RATHER 2697 01:47:36,600 --> 01:47:39,160 THAN HAVING YOUR OWN TRAINING, 2698 01:47:39,160 --> 01:47:41,960 COULD YOU WEU STILL WITHIN NIH 2699 01:47:41,960 --> 01:47:44,160 OR EXPAND SOMEHOW TO BRING 2700 01:47:44,160 --> 01:47:45,680 THAT CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION 2701 01:47:45,680 --> 01:47:49,560 AND DRIVE INTO A TRAINING AT 2702 01:47:49,560 --> 01:47:51,520 NIH, TO ME THAT WOULD BE A 2703 01:47:51,520 --> 01:47:53,480 BETTER WAY OF GOING ABOUT IT 2704 01:47:53,480 --> 01:47:54,840 THAN HAVING YOUR OWN PROGRAM 2705 01:47:54,840 --> 01:47:57,800 BUT MAYBE I AM MISSING 2706 01:47:57,800 --> 01:47:58,200 SOMETHING. 2707 01:47:58,200 --> 01:48:04,160 >> YEAH, SO I LOVE THAT IDEA. 2708 01:48:04,160 --> 01:48:06,840 SO FOR YOU WHO HAVE NOT BEEN A 2709 01:48:06,840 --> 01:48:09,960 PROGRAM MANAGER, YOU COME TO 2710 01:48:09,960 --> 01:48:13,040 ARPA-H AND GO THROUGH A BOOT 2711 01:48:13,040 --> 01:48:15,360 CAMP, THIS IS HOW YOU NEED TO 2712 01:48:15,360 --> 01:48:16,600 THINK ABOUT GOVERNMENT, HOW 2713 01:48:16,600 --> 01:48:18,200 YOU TAKE RISKS, BE A PROGRAM 2714 01:48:18,200 --> 01:48:20,760 MANAGER AND WE'RE TALKING 2715 01:48:20,760 --> 01:48:22,720 ABOUT DOING THIS FOR 2716 01:48:22,720 --> 01:48:25,240 PERFORMERS, TOO, SINCE IT IS 2717 01:48:25,240 --> 01:48:26,800 SUCH A DIFFERENT MODEL. 2718 01:48:26,800 --> 01:48:28,680 PROGRAM MANAGER ONE MONTH IN, 2719 01:48:28,680 --> 01:48:32,600 THEY WERE LIKE WE WANT TO JOIN 2720 01:48:32,600 --> 01:48:34,600 YOUR LAB MEETINGS AND I AM 2721 01:48:34,600 --> 01:48:35,560 LIKE WHAT? 2722 01:48:35,560 --> 01:48:37,160 SO FOR TRAINING FOLKS TO BE 2723 01:48:37,160 --> 01:48:38,960 READY FOR THAT AND WE CAN DO A 2724 01:48:38,960 --> 01:48:47,440 BETTER JOB IN ARPA'S SPHERE, 2725 01:48:47,440 --> 01:48:50,280 SO IT IS NOT TO TRAIN THEM BUT 2726 01:48:50,280 --> 01:48:52,560 BRING THE IDEA FORWARD AND 2727 01:48:52,560 --> 01:48:53,920 PROOF OF CONCEPT FOR THEM AS A 2728 01:48:53,920 --> 01:48:54,240 PERSON. 2729 01:48:54,240 --> 01:48:58,000 SO YOU ARE COMING IN AT THE 2730 01:48:58,000 --> 01:49:00,720 EARLY STAGE, LET'S GROUP YOU A 2731 01:49:00,720 --> 01:49:01,160 BIT. 2732 01:49:01,160 --> 01:49:05,120 SO I LOVE BRINGING THAT IDEA 2733 01:49:05,120 --> 01:49:07,320 TOGETHER AND WE CAN DO ONE 2734 01:49:07,320 --> 01:49:08,720 WITH NIH IF FOLKS ARE 2735 01:49:08,720 --> 01:49:09,120 INTERESTED. 2736 01:49:09,120 --> 01:49:10,560 >> I THINK IT IS REALLY 2737 01:49:10,560 --> 01:49:11,960 IMPORTANT AND I HOPE YOU 2738 01:49:11,960 --> 01:49:16,280 MANAGE THE -- HAVE A BANDWIDTH 2739 01:49:16,280 --> 01:49:18,880 THAT WILL BE IF -- MAYBE YOU 2740 01:49:18,880 --> 01:49:21,400 COULD HIRE SOMEONE AT NIH THAT 2741 01:49:21,400 --> 01:49:24,920 WOULD BE SPECIFICALLY WORKING 2742 01:49:24,920 --> 01:49:34,560 WITH NIH IN TRAINING. 2743 01:49:34,560 --> 01:49:36,160 >> WHY IS, WE WILL THINK ABOUT 2744 01:49:36,160 --> 01:49:36,480 THAT. 2745 01:49:36,480 --> 01:49:39,040 THERE ARE A LOT OF EXISTING 2746 01:49:39,040 --> 01:49:40,560 PRIORITIES WITH THE 2747 01:49:40,560 --> 01:49:41,120 INFRASTRUCTURE WE HAVE 2748 01:49:41,120 --> 01:49:44,960 AVAILABLE AND THE FUNDING -- 2749 01:49:44,960 --> 01:49:49,160 >> BUT THE EXPLICIT MISSION OF 2750 01:49:49,160 --> 01:49:50,760 BRINGING THAT INTO THE MISSION 2751 01:49:50,760 --> 01:49:55,680 TO ME IS SUPER IMPORTANT. 2752 01:49:55,680 --> 01:49:56,760 >> SHELLEY, BARBARA. 2753 01:49:56,760 --> 01:50:00,760 >> I WANT TO FOLLOW UP ON THE 2754 01:50:00,760 --> 01:50:01,920 FIRST POINT, I AM WONDERING 2755 01:50:01,920 --> 01:50:04,400 BECAUSE MANY OF US ARE VERY 2756 01:50:04,400 --> 01:50:08,320 MUCH FOCUSED ON MAINTAINING 2757 01:50:08,320 --> 01:50:11,840 OUR PIPELINE OF POST DOC IS, 2758 01:50:11,840 --> 01:50:14,000 GETTING THEM REALLY EXCITED 2759 01:50:14,000 --> 01:50:24,280 ABOUT STAYING IN INNOVATIVE 2760 01:50:24,280 --> 01:50:26,480 RESEARCH, SO I AM WONDERING IF 2761 01:50:26,480 --> 01:50:30,760 YOU CAN THINK ABOUT EARLY 2762 01:50:30,760 --> 01:50:33,680 STAGE INVESTIGATORS, EVEN 2763 01:50:33,680 --> 01:50:34,040 POST-DOCS. 2764 01:50:34,040 --> 01:50:35,760 THE TRAINING TAKES SO MUCH 2765 01:50:35,760 --> 01:50:38,000 LONGER NOW THAT MANY OF THEM 2766 01:50:38,000 --> 01:50:41,360 ARE IN THEIR 30s AND EARLY 2767 01:50:41,360 --> 01:50:43,040 40ES BY THE TIME THEY GET THE 2768 01:50:43,040 --> 01:50:45,560 POSITION SO I WONDER IF YOU 2769 01:50:45,560 --> 01:50:51,760 HAVE THOUGHT ABOUT EXPANDING 2770 01:50:51,760 --> 01:50:54,200 THAT TALENT POOL AND CAN FIND 2771 01:50:54,200 --> 01:50:58,320 THAT TALENT IN THE POOL THAT 2772 01:50:58,320 --> 01:50:59,360 ALREADY HAVE SOPHISTICATED 2773 01:50:59,360 --> 01:51:01,080 IDEAS AND ARE READY TO GO. 2774 01:51:01,080 --> 01:51:02,800 YOU SPOKE TO EARLY 2775 01:51:02,800 --> 01:51:04,480 INVESTIGATOR AWARDS SO I AM 2776 01:51:04,480 --> 01:51:06,520 ENCOURAGING TO GO EVEN 2777 01:51:06,520 --> 01:51:06,880 EARLIER. 2778 01:51:06,880 --> 01:51:10,160 >> SO FOR PROGRAM MANAGERS, I 2779 01:51:10,160 --> 01:51:11,760 CALLED OUT THE ROOKIE AS ONE 2780 01:51:11,760 --> 01:51:14,800 OF THE TYPES AND THERE IS NO 2781 01:51:14,800 --> 01:51:16,160 RESTRICTION THAT POST-DOCS 2782 01:51:16,160 --> 01:51:16,840 CAN'T APPLY. 2783 01:51:16,840 --> 01:51:20,240 WHAT I WILL SAY IS NOT TO SAY 2784 01:51:20,240 --> 01:51:22,640 IT WON'T WORK BUT THESE 2785 01:51:22,640 --> 01:51:25,080 PROGRAMS CAN BE 150 TO 2786 01:51:25,080 --> 01:51:28,960 $200 MILLION, THEY ARE 2787 01:51:28,960 --> 01:51:31,520 MANAGING BIG PIS, BIG 2788 01:51:31,520 --> 01:51:35,400 PERSONALITYS, BIG TEAMS AND 2789 01:51:35,400 --> 01:51:37,240 VERY AGGRESSIVE SCHEDULES. 2790 01:51:37,240 --> 01:51:37,840 SO THERE ARE ABSOLUTELY 2791 01:51:37,840 --> 01:51:40,320 CHANCES THEY WILL BE 2792 01:51:40,320 --> 01:51:42,160 SUCCESSFUL BUT FOR FOLKS I 2793 01:51:42,160 --> 01:51:43,280 HAVE MANAGED TEAMS BEFORE, 2794 01:51:43,280 --> 01:51:45,560 MORE THAN A COUPLE OF UNDER 2795 01:51:45,560 --> 01:51:46,960 GRADUATES WILL BE BETTER 2796 01:51:46,960 --> 01:51:49,000 SITUATED TO DO THAT GOING 2797 01:51:49,000 --> 01:51:49,560 FORWARD. 2798 01:51:49,560 --> 01:51:51,880 >> IN MY LAB, I HAVE TEAMS 2799 01:51:51,880 --> 01:51:52,960 THAT ARE ORGANIZED AND THE 2800 01:51:52,960 --> 01:51:55,760 HEAD OF THOSE TEAMS IS A 2801 01:51:55,760 --> 01:51:58,160 POST-DOC WHO IS SUPER 2802 01:51:58,160 --> 01:51:59,760 INNOVATIVE, DRIVING THE 2803 01:51:59,760 --> 01:52:02,240 RESEARCH, SO I WOULD ARGUE WE 2804 01:52:02,240 --> 01:52:09,240 HAVE PEOPLE LIKE THAT IN THE 2805 01:52:09,240 --> 01:52:09,960 NIH ECOSYSTEM -- 2806 01:52:09,960 --> 01:52:11,000 [OVERLAPPING SPEAKERS] 2807 01:52:11,000 --> 01:52:13,360 >> YEAH, I MEAN AGAIN, IT IS 2808 01:52:13,360 --> 01:52:15,280 THE PERSON PLUS THE IDEA SO IF 2809 01:52:15,280 --> 01:52:21,760 YOU POINT THEM TOWARDS OUR 2810 01:52:21,760 --> 01:52:23,880 WEBSITE, AND I HAVE A BUNCH 2811 01:52:23,880 --> 01:52:25,880 HERE I CAN HAND OUT BUT THE 2812 01:52:25,880 --> 01:52:28,760 IDEA IS WE ARE MAKING IT EASY 2813 01:52:28,760 --> 01:52:36,160 SO IT IS NOT THIS BIG LONG 2814 01:52:36,160 --> 01:52:38,920 APPLICATION FOR YOU TO PRESENT 2815 01:52:38,920 --> 01:52:41,320 YOUR IDEAS AND WE WILL TAKE 2816 01:52:41,320 --> 01:52:42,560 REFERENCES BUT MAKE IT CLEAR 2817 01:52:42,560 --> 01:52:46,640 THERE IS NO OBJECTION TO 2818 01:52:46,640 --> 01:52:51,000 HAVING POST-DOCS. 2819 01:52:51,000 --> 01:52:51,360 BARBARA? 2820 01:52:51,360 --> 01:53:13,960 [ OFF MIC ] 2821 01:53:13,960 --> 01:53:14,800 >> YEAH, OKAY, SORRY. 2822 01:53:14,800 --> 01:53:16,880 EARLY SIGN IS GREAT BUT YOU 2823 01:53:16,880 --> 01:53:17,760 ARE BUILDING THE WHOLE TEAM 2824 01:53:17,760 --> 01:53:20,160 AND ONE OF THE CONCERNS SOME 2825 01:53:20,160 --> 01:53:22,000 OF US HAVE HAD IS BUILDING 2826 01:53:22,000 --> 01:53:25,000 FAST OUT OF THE GATE, THE 2827 01:53:25,000 --> 01:53:27,400 SCALING ISSUE FOR PROGRAM 2828 01:53:27,400 --> 01:53:29,600 OFFICERS IS SO PIVOTAL IN HOW 2829 01:53:29,600 --> 01:53:32,800 MANY YOU CAN TAKE ON AND BUILD 2830 01:53:32,800 --> 01:53:33,560 YOUR CULTURE? 2831 01:53:33,560 --> 01:53:35,720 SO HOW DOES THE RAMP INUP LOOK 2832 01:53:35,720 --> 01:53:39,440 LIKE IN TERMS OF BUILDING YOUR 2833 01:53:39,440 --> 01:53:42,800 OFFICERS AND YEAR 1 OR 2, IS 2834 01:53:42,800 --> 01:53:44,760 IT LINEAR OR -- 2835 01:53:44,760 --> 01:53:45,920 >> LIKE HOCKEY STICK, YEAH. 2836 01:53:45,920 --> 01:53:47,520 >> I THOUGHT IT MIGHT BE 2837 01:53:47,520 --> 01:53:51,760 HOCKEY STICK SO GETTING THE 2838 01:53:51,760 --> 01:53:53,440 FIRST GROUP OPERATING WELL IS 2839 01:53:53,440 --> 01:53:54,520 A CHALLENGE. 2840 01:53:54,520 --> 01:53:56,080 >> SO WE HAVE A COUPLE OF 2841 01:53:56,080 --> 01:53:57,520 MANAGERS AND I CAN'T SAY WHO 2842 01:53:57,520 --> 01:54:00,120 THEY ARE BUT WE HAVE A PRETTY 2843 01:54:00,120 --> 01:54:01,600 DIVERSE GROUP OF PEOPLE GOING 2844 01:54:01,600 --> 01:54:06,280 THROUGH THE PROCESS AND 2845 01:54:06,280 --> 01:54:07,880 DROPPING THE TIMELINES SO WE 2846 01:54:07,880 --> 01:54:11,800 DO HAVE DETAILS FROM DARPA AND 2847 01:54:11,800 --> 01:54:13,800 THERE'S NIH-ERS THAT USED TO 2848 01:54:13,800 --> 01:54:15,560 BE AT DARPA AND AVAILABLE TO 2849 01:54:15,560 --> 01:54:20,120 US NOW WHO ARE HELPING US 2850 01:54:20,120 --> 01:54:21,200 SHAPE THOSE TIMELINES. 2851 01:54:21,200 --> 01:54:23,160 IN GENERAL THE PROCESS IS 2852 01:54:23,160 --> 01:54:24,960 SOMEBODY COMES TO US WAN IDEA 2853 01:54:24,960 --> 01:54:26,760 THAT IS GREAT BUT WE NEED TO 2854 01:54:26,760 --> 01:54:32,360 LEVEL IT UP TO BE OUTSTANDING 2855 01:54:32,360 --> 01:54:34,040 SO THOSE FOLKS WILL NOT BE 2856 01:54:34,040 --> 01:54:37,200 ABLE TO GET FUNDING ANYWHERE 2857 01:54:37,200 --> 01:54:39,280 ELSE AND THEN COME IN SO 2858 01:54:39,280 --> 01:54:41,160 BEGINNING TO BRING FOLKS IN TO 2859 01:54:41,160 --> 01:54:43,960 GET THEM TO THE NEXT STAGE. 2860 01:54:43,960 --> 01:54:51,400 IT WE DO HAVE FOCUS WHO ARE 2861 01:54:51,400 --> 01:54:54,720 DARPA MANAGERS SO THE RAMP UP 2862 01:54:54,720 --> 01:54:55,160 WILL BE QUICK. 2863 01:54:55,160 --> 01:54:59,720 AND SIMILARLY, WE HAVE MISSION 2864 01:54:59,720 --> 01:55:04,440 DIRECTORS SO WE TALK ABOUT THE 2865 01:55:04,440 --> 01:55:06,160 DEVELOPMENT, A GREAT STARTING 2866 01:55:06,160 --> 01:55:08,800 PLACE TO BRING IN LEADERS WHO 2867 01:55:08,800 --> 01:55:10,560 CAN EXECUTE THE MODEL WHO ARE 2868 01:55:10,560 --> 01:55:12,360 A LITTLE MORE SENIOR AND WORK 2869 01:55:12,360 --> 01:55:13,680 WITH STAFF THAT HAVEN'T DONE 2870 01:55:13,680 --> 01:55:14,160 IT BEFORE. 2871 01:55:14,160 --> 01:55:16,360 AND THERE ARE QUITE A FEW OF 2872 01:55:16,360 --> 01:55:18,560 US IN-HOUSE THAT HAVE BEEN AT 2873 01:55:18,560 --> 01:55:22,560 DARPA AND KNOW IT IS UNION 2874 01:55:22,560 --> 01:55:25,000 SPEAK AND ARPA-H IS AN 2875 01:55:25,000 --> 01:55:26,720 AUGMENTATION OF THAT MODEL BUT 2876 01:55:26,720 --> 01:55:29,360 WE KNOW THE WORK AND BEST 2877 01:55:29,360 --> 01:55:32,320 PRACTICES AND TRYING TO CREATE 2878 01:55:32,320 --> 01:55:32,760 THAT INTERNALLY. 2879 01:55:32,760 --> 01:55:35,360 ASK IT IS NOT JUST FOR PROGRAM 2880 01:55:35,360 --> 01:55:37,960 MANAGERS, WE HAVE TOLD OUR 2881 01:55:37,960 --> 01:55:40,960 STAFF, THEY ARE NOT ALLOWED TO 2882 01:55:40,960 --> 01:55:43,600 SAY LIKE WELL THAT IS NOT HOW 2883 01:55:43,600 --> 01:55:44,760 WE DO IT. 2884 01:55:44,760 --> 01:55:45,320 [LAUGHTER] 2885 01:55:45,320 --> 01:55:47,720 WE'RE A BRAND-NEW AGENCY SO 2886 01:55:47,720 --> 01:55:51,920 THERE IS NO HOW WE DO IT, IT 2887 01:55:51,920 --> 01:55:54,840 IS JUST TO DRIVE THE CULTURE 2888 01:55:54,840 --> 01:55:56,200 TO GET THERE. 2889 01:55:56,200 --> 01:55:59,760 >> THAT SOUNDS SUPER 2890 01:55:59,760 --> 01:56:00,240 REASSURING -- . 2891 01:56:00,240 --> 01:56:01,360 >> OH, SORRY, THE NUMBERS. 2892 01:56:01,360 --> 01:56:03,760 I WOULD BE VERY HAPPY IF WE 2893 01:56:03,760 --> 01:56:05,760 HIT 10 PROGRAM MANAGERS NEXT 2894 01:56:05,760 --> 01:56:08,880 YEAR, I WOULD BE ECSTATIC IF 2895 01:56:08,880 --> 01:56:10,560 WE HIP 20 BUT AGAIN IT IS NOT 2896 01:56:10,560 --> 01:56:11,520 THE NUMBER BUT REALLY THE 2897 01:56:11,520 --> 01:56:14,280 QUALITY OF THE IDEA AND 2898 01:56:14,280 --> 01:56:15,080 PRESIDENT BIDEN HAS REQUESTED 2899 01:56:15,080 --> 01:56:17,960 SIX AND A HALF BILLION IN THE 2900 01:56:17,960 --> 01:56:20,760 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET FOR ARPA-H 2901 01:56:20,760 --> 01:56:22,600 AND OF COURSE A LOT OF THAT 2902 01:56:22,600 --> 01:56:28,720 DEPENDS ON CONGRESS AND WHERE 2903 01:56:28,720 --> 01:56:31,320 IS -- IT IS GOING TO GO AND 2904 01:56:31,320 --> 01:56:33,160 THEN THE HOCKEY STICK IS WHERE 2905 01:56:33,160 --> 01:56:35,360 WE GET THE GROWTH. 2906 01:56:35,360 --> 01:56:37,600 >> THE FIRST 15 OR 20 WILL BE 2907 01:56:37,600 --> 01:56:39,840 REALLY TELLING SO THAT IS 2908 01:56:39,840 --> 01:56:40,760 GREAT. 2909 01:56:40,760 --> 01:56:42,560 AND ONE OTHER PIECE, VERY 2910 01:56:42,560 --> 01:56:44,160 EXCITED ABOUT THE AREAS, GREAT 2911 01:56:44,160 --> 01:56:47,960 JOB OF GIVING A FEW EXAMPLES. 2912 01:56:47,960 --> 01:56:53,240 I LOVE THE AGO RHYTHMIC TISSUE 2913 01:56:53,240 --> 01:56:54,280 AND CELL ENGINEERING IDEA 2914 01:56:54,280 --> 01:56:55,480 PERSONALLY BUT I WILL SAY WHEN 2915 01:56:55,480 --> 01:56:58,560 YOU GET THE ONE THAT RESONATES 2916 01:56:58,560 --> 01:57:04,600 VERY QUITELY, THINK ABOUT A 2917 01:57:04,600 --> 01:57:07,240 CUSTOMIZE L CANCER VACCINE FOR 2918 01:57:07,240 --> 01:57:10,800 THE COST OF A CUP OF COFFEE. 2919 01:57:10,800 --> 01:57:13,120 BUT TALKING ABOUT HOW THINGS 2920 01:57:13,120 --> 01:57:15,720 GET THROUGH FDA, HOW THEY GO 2921 01:57:15,720 --> 01:57:17,800 OUT IN THE COMMUNITY AND THERE 2922 01:57:17,800 --> 01:57:23,480 IS A DIFFERENCE FROM A VACCINE 2923 01:57:23,480 --> 01:57:25,600 THAT TAKES MORE THAN A COUPLE 2924 01:57:25,600 --> 01:57:29,280 OF CUPS OF COFFEE TO MAKE AND 2925 01:57:29,280 --> 01:57:31,960 THEN DOLING IT OUT AT THE COST 2926 01:57:31,960 --> 01:57:37,080 OF A CUP OF COFFEE AND WOULD 2927 01:57:37,080 --> 01:57:40,720 CAUTION THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 2928 01:57:40,720 --> 01:57:41,320 THOSE TWO. 2929 01:57:41,320 --> 01:57:43,000 >> A COUPLE MORE BECAUSE OUR 2930 01:57:43,000 --> 01:57:45,320 NEXT GUESTS ARE ARRIVING 2931 01:57:45,320 --> 01:57:45,640 SHORTLY. 2932 01:57:45,640 --> 01:57:47,400 >> I APPRECIATE THE CHALLENGE 2933 01:57:47,400 --> 01:57:49,760 OF BANDWIDTH AND ONE OF THE 2934 01:57:49,760 --> 01:57:53,360 THINGS I DID AS A POST-DOC IS 2935 01:57:53,360 --> 01:57:55,080 TO UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE AND I 2936 01:57:55,080 --> 01:57:57,160 THINK WE CAN CREATE MORE 2937 01:57:57,160 --> 01:57:58,040 BANDWIDTH WITH THE WORK YOU 2938 01:57:58,040 --> 01:58:01,320 ARE DOING IN THE EARLY PHASES. 2939 01:58:01,320 --> 01:58:03,160 I DO THINK THIS ISSUE IN 2940 01:58:03,160 --> 01:58:05,120 FIGURING OUT HOW TO GET YOUNG 2941 01:58:05,120 --> 01:58:07,080 PEOPLE INVOLVED IS QUITE 2942 01:58:07,080 --> 01:58:07,440 POIGNANT. 2943 01:58:07,440 --> 01:58:10,280 OUR NEXT SPEAKER IS AN EXAMPLE 2944 01:58:10,280 --> 01:58:12,360 THAT A 20-YEAR-OLD CAN LEAD A 2945 01:58:12,360 --> 01:58:15,240 TEAM AND TOTAL WE RE FORM ALLY 2946 01:58:15,240 --> 01:58:16,360 SEARCH SPACE. 2947 01:58:16,360 --> 01:58:18,880 SO I WONDER BEYOND THINKING 2948 01:58:18,880 --> 01:58:20,160 ABOUT THE PROGRAM OFFICER, IS 2949 01:58:20,160 --> 01:58:23,840 THERE A WAY WE CAN HAVE THOSE 2950 01:58:23,840 --> 01:58:28,120 YOUNG MINDS IN THE COUNTRY BE 2951 01:58:28,120 --> 01:58:31,080 ABLE TO LEAD THEMSELVES. 2952 01:58:31,080 --> 01:58:33,040 >> GREAT POINT AND GLAD YOU 2953 01:58:33,040 --> 01:58:34,640 BROUGHT IT OUT AGAIN. 2954 01:58:34,640 --> 01:58:36,040 WHEN A PROGRAM MANAGER JOINS, 2955 01:58:36,040 --> 01:58:37,360 IT IS NOT ONLY JOINING A 2956 01:58:37,360 --> 01:58:39,040 BUSINESS TEAM WE HAVE BUT YOU 2957 01:58:39,040 --> 01:58:40,680 CAN THINK OF A PROGRAM MANAGER 2958 01:58:40,680 --> 01:58:43,200 AS A PI WITH A LOT OF 2959 01:58:43,200 --> 01:58:43,920 TECHNICAL SUPPORT. 2960 01:58:43,920 --> 01:58:47,320 SO MOST OF THE STAFF AT ARPA-H 2961 01:58:47,320 --> 01:58:48,120 WILL BE CONTRACTORS. 2962 01:58:48,120 --> 01:58:51,360 I STARTED MY CAREER AT DARPA 2963 01:58:51,360 --> 01:58:55,160 AS A CONTRACTOR AND FOR FIVE 2964 01:58:55,160 --> 01:58:56,520 YEARS, I ADVISED PROGRAM 2965 01:58:56,520 --> 01:58:57,720 MANAGERS. 2966 01:58:57,720 --> 01:59:01,720 I WAS NOT READY TO LEAD IN 2967 01:59:01,720 --> 01:59:07,520 THOSE AREAS BUT I WAS ON EVERY 2968 01:59:07,520 --> 01:59:09,360 SINGLE DARPA BIOPROJECT WHICH 2969 01:59:09,360 --> 01:59:11,800 IT LAUNCHED AND THAT EXPERTISE 2970 01:59:11,800 --> 01:59:13,760 AND ENERGY I BROUGHT FORWARD 2971 01:59:13,760 --> 01:59:18,960 TO MY DIRECTORS, ONE WAS A 2972 01:59:18,960 --> 01:59:20,800 MATHMETICIAN AND THAT IS A 2973 01:59:20,800 --> 01:59:22,000 GREAT EXAMPLE. 2974 01:59:22,000 --> 01:59:25,560 THEY ARE CALLED SETAS, 2975 01:59:25,560 --> 01:59:27,360 SCIENTIFIC ENGINEERING AND 2976 01:59:27,360 --> 01:59:28,720 TECHNICAL ASSISTANTS SO WE 2977 01:59:28,720 --> 01:59:32,320 WILL HAVE HUNDREDS OF THEM 2978 01:59:32,320 --> 01:59:33,760 AFTER WE'RE FULL CAPACITY OF 2979 01:59:33,760 --> 01:59:35,040 PROGRAM MANAGERS. 2980 01:59:35,040 --> 01:59:44,760 SO AT MY PEAK, I HAD 2981 01:59:44,760 --> 01:59:45,560 $250 MILLION AND 15SETAS SO 2982 01:59:45,560 --> 01:59:48,720 THAT IS A WAY TO THINK OF 2983 01:59:48,720 --> 01:59:52,360 THOSE FOLKS AND WE NEED TO BE 2984 01:59:52,360 --> 01:59:53,880 THOUGHTFUL OF BRINGING THEM IN 2985 01:59:53,880 --> 01:59:57,120 AND USING THEM AS CONTRACTORS. 2986 01:59:57,120 --> 02:00:00,040 IF I HAVE A CRAZY PROGRAM ON 2987 02:00:00,040 --> 02:00:03,160 BIOLOGY AND THE NEXT ONE IS 2988 02:00:03,160 --> 02:00:04,520 SOMETHING TOTALLY DIFFERENT, 2989 02:00:04,520 --> 02:00:07,520 THEN I CAN SWAP THOSE OUT WITH 2990 02:00:07,520 --> 02:00:09,960 A WHOLE NEW TEAM HAVING THAT 2991 02:00:09,960 --> 02:00:16,840 EXPERTISE SO WE MAY BE ABLE TO 2992 02:00:16,840 --> 02:00:17,600 CREATE SOLUTIONS THERE AND 2993 02:00:17,600 --> 02:00:23,120 SOMEONE OUT OF A POST-DOC CAN 2994 02:00:23,120 --> 02:00:25,360 BE REALLY USEFUL BECAUSE THEY 2995 02:00:25,360 --> 02:00:30,160 KNOW WHAT A BUDGET IS AND 2996 02:00:30,160 --> 02:00:31,440 FISCAL YEAR AND TEND TO BE 2997 02:00:31,440 --> 02:00:33,760 ABLE TO HIT THE GROUND 2998 02:00:33,760 --> 02:00:34,520 RUNNING. 2999 02:00:34,520 --> 02:00:35,560 >> BUT ALSO SPECIFICALLY 3000 02:00:35,560 --> 02:00:37,200 THINKING ABOUT PERFORMERS IN 3001 02:00:37,200 --> 02:00:40,160 THIS CASE, RIGHT? 3002 02:00:40,160 --> 02:00:40,640 >> OH, ABSOLUTELY. 3003 02:00:40,640 --> 02:00:42,560 >> WE ARE POOLING THAT 3004 02:00:42,560 --> 02:00:47,080 POPULATION INTO THE FROM 3005 02:00:47,080 --> 02:00:52,760 PERFORMANCE -- 3006 02:00:52,760 --> 02:00:53,600 [ OFF MIC ] 3007 02:00:53,600 --> 02:00:58,040 >> I NEED TO UNMUTE FOR A 3008 02:00:58,040 --> 02:00:58,360 SECOND. 3009 02:00:58,360 --> 02:01:00,680 SO I WAS VERY EXCITED TO SEE 3010 02:01:00,680 --> 02:01:02,960 THAT YOU LAUNCHED THIS 3011 02:01:02,960 --> 02:01:04,200 INITIATIVE AT HOWARD 3012 02:01:04,200 --> 02:01:04,600 UNIVERSITY. 3013 02:01:04,600 --> 02:01:06,560 AND I WAS CURIOUS WHAT YOUR 3014 02:01:06,560 --> 02:01:08,240 THOUGHTS ARE ABOUT WHERE YOU 3015 02:01:08,240 --> 02:01:10,320 ARE GOING TO HAVE THIS 3016 02:01:10,320 --> 02:01:11,200 HEADQUARTERS BECAUSE THE SITE 3017 02:01:11,200 --> 02:01:15,040 IS GOING TO BE REALLY 3018 02:01:15,040 --> 02:01:24,520 IMPORTANT AND WHAT ARE YOUR 3019 02:01:24,520 --> 02:01:25,840 THOUGHTS? 3020 02:01:25,840 --> 02:01:27,360 >> YEAH, THIS HAS BEEN 3021 02:01:27,360 --> 02:01:28,760 COUNTERED A LITTLE BIT IN THAT 3022 02:01:28,760 --> 02:01:34,000 AT THE END OF THE DAY IT IS 3023 02:01:34,000 --> 02:01:36,360 NOT REALLY THAT IMPORTANT AS 3024 02:01:36,360 --> 02:01:38,920 THE BEST DESCRIPTION I HEARD 3025 02:01:38,920 --> 02:01:43,240 OF DARPA IS A HUNDRED 3026 02:01:43,240 --> 02:01:44,680 SCIENTISTS BEING DIRECTED BY A 3027 02:01:44,680 --> 02:01:45,320 TRAVEL AGENT. 3028 02:01:45,320 --> 02:01:46,920 SO THEY ARE GOING TO 3029 02:01:46,920 --> 02:01:48,520 UNIVERSITIES AND INDUSTRY AND 3030 02:01:48,520 --> 02:01:50,840 WILL BE ALL OVER. 3031 02:01:50,840 --> 02:01:51,960 WE'RE NOT REQUIRING OUR 3032 02:01:51,960 --> 02:01:53,280 PROGRAM MANAGERS TO MOVE. 3033 02:01:53,280 --> 02:01:55,560 IT IS A 3-YEAR APPOINTMENT SO 3034 02:01:55,560 --> 02:01:57,440 A LOT OF TIMES THAT INVOLVES 3035 02:01:57,440 --> 02:01:59,000 PICKING UP A FAMILY. 3036 02:01:59,000 --> 02:02:00,600 THERE WILL BE TIMES WHEN WE 3037 02:02:00,600 --> 02:02:03,240 HAVE TO GET TOGETHER BUT I AM 3038 02:02:03,240 --> 02:02:04,880 VERY STRONG ON THAT IT DOESN'T 3039 02:02:04,880 --> 02:02:05,200 MATTER. 3040 02:02:05,200 --> 02:02:07,760 >> I THINK THE SITE COULD BE 3041 02:02:07,760 --> 02:02:08,120 IMPORTANT. 3042 02:02:08,120 --> 02:02:09,360 SO IF FOR EXAMPLE IT WAS A 3043 02:02:09,360 --> 02:02:12,000 BUILDING ON THE HOWARD 3044 02:02:12,000 --> 02:02:16,120 UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AND YOU HAD 3045 02:02:16,120 --> 02:02:26,080 SOMEHOW -- GIVING A MESSAGE TO 3046 02:02:26,080 --> 02:02:27,360 THE PUBLIC THAT INTEGRATING, I 3047 02:02:27,360 --> 02:02:29,560 THINK YOU COULD USE THE SITE 3048 02:02:29,560 --> 02:02:34,520 IN A IMPORTANT WAY FOR ARPA. 3049 02:02:34,520 --> 02:02:36,720 >> I THINK WE DO FOR ALL OF 3050 02:02:36,720 --> 02:02:37,880 OUR PROGRAMS AND FOR EXAMPLE, 3051 02:02:37,880 --> 02:02:39,760 WE NEED TO DO THINGS VERY 3052 02:02:39,760 --> 02:02:42,280 PUBLICLY TO SHOW WE'RE DOING 3053 02:02:42,280 --> 02:02:44,120 THIS, I JUST DON'T THINK THERE 3054 02:02:44,120 --> 02:02:46,600 NEEDS TO BE A HEADQUARTERS. 3055 02:02:46,600 --> 02:02:48,200 WHEN PROGRAM MANAGERS LAUNCH 3056 02:02:48,200 --> 02:02:49,960 PROGRAMS, WHAT THEY USUALLY 3057 02:02:49,960 --> 02:02:54,960 WILL DO IS HAVE AN EVENT WHERE 3058 02:02:54,960 --> 02:02:56,760 THEY INTRODUCE THE GROUPS AND 3059 02:02:56,760 --> 02:03:07,640 WE SHOULD BE DOING THAT AT THE 3060 02:03:07,640 --> 02:03:08,120 DIFFERENT SITES. 3061 02:03:08,120 --> 02:03:10,120 WE HAVE TO MOVE ON. 3062 02:03:10,120 --> 02:03:13,040 >> YES, MORE TO COME AND I AM 3063 02:03:13,040 --> 02:03:14,680 SURE WE WILL HEAR FROM YOU AS 3064 02:03:14,680 --> 02:03:16,600 TIME GOES ON SO THAT'S GREAT. 3065 02:03:16,600 --> 02:03:18,840 WE WILL MOVE ON TO THE NEXT 3066 02:03:18,840 --> 02:03:20,240 PRESENTATION AND HAVE A COUPLE 3067 02:03:20,240 --> 02:03:21,640 OF GUESTS THAT RECENTLY JOINED 3068 02:03:21,640 --> 02:03:23,960 US SO I WILL TURN IT OVER TO 3069 02:03:23,960 --> 02:03:25,320 LARRY TO INTRODUCE THEM. 3070 02:03:25,320 --> 02:03:26,960 >> THANKS, VERY BRIEFLY. 3071 02:03:26,960 --> 02:03:29,960 ACTUALLY OUR GUEST DOESN'T 3072 02:03:29,960 --> 02:03:30,920 NEED ANY INTRODUCTION. 3073 02:03:30,920 --> 02:03:32,760 LET'S JUST SAY HE GOT HIS 3074 02:03:32,760 --> 02:03:34,920 START AT MICROSOFT, OKAY? 3075 02:03:34,920 --> 02:03:37,440 WE WANT TO THANK MR. GATES FOR 3076 02:03:37,440 --> 02:03:38,960 BEING HERE TODAY. 3077 02:03:38,960 --> 02:03:40,680 HE IS HERE FOR WHAT I BELIEVE 3078 02:03:40,680 --> 02:03:44,840 IS THE 9TH GATES FOUNDATION 3079 02:03:44,840 --> 02:03:47,480 NIH MEETING OF COLLABORATIVE 3080 02:03:47,480 --> 02:03:50,960 EFFORTS NOW UP TO 4 DIFFERENT 3081 02:03:50,960 --> 02:03:52,840 PROJECTS AND TONY GRACIOUSLY 3082 02:03:52,840 --> 02:03:56,680 JUST STEPPED IN TO CHAIR THAT 3083 02:03:56,680 --> 02:03:59,120 MEETING SINCE I AM HERE WITH 3084 02:03:59,120 --> 02:04:01,680 YOU AT THE ACD MEETING. 3085 02:04:01,680 --> 02:04:04,040 WE'RE DELIGHTED TO HAVE THE 3086 02:04:04,040 --> 02:04:05,240 OPPORTUNITY FOR MR. GATES TO 3087 02:04:05,240 --> 02:04:07,760 SPEAK TO PART OF THE ACD WHO 3088 02:04:07,760 --> 02:04:10,040 IS HERE IN PERSON AND THE REST 3089 02:04:10,040 --> 02:04:11,440 VIRTUALLY AND SO WITH THAT LET 3090 02:04:11,440 --> 02:04:21,920 ME TURN IT OVER TO YOU. 3091 02:04:21,920 --> 02:04:24,440 >> OUR PARTNERSHIP WITH EMA 3092 02:04:24,440 --> 02:04:28,960 WILL HOPEFULLY STIMULATE SOME 3093 02:04:28,960 --> 02:04:32,480 QUESTIONS SO I KNOW WHICH AREA 3094 02:04:32,480 --> 02:04:34,440 TO DIVE INTO. 3095 02:04:34,440 --> 02:04:34,880 THANKS, TONY. 3096 02:04:34,880 --> 02:04:36,160 I MET HIM WHEN I FIRST SHOWED 3097 02:04:36,160 --> 02:04:38,960 UP IN HIS BUILTING IN 2001 AND 3098 02:04:38,960 --> 02:04:43,000 SAID TO HIM HEY, IF WE GET 3099 02:04:43,000 --> 02:04:45,200 ASSISTANCE, IT CAN BE EASY TO 3100 02:04:45,200 --> 02:04:49,080 HAVE A HIV VACCINE IN NINE 3101 02:04:49,080 --> 02:04:51,360 YEARS AND HE TOLD ME THAT WAS 3102 02:04:51,360 --> 02:04:53,440 A NAIVE POINT OF VIEW EVEN 3103 02:04:53,440 --> 02:04:54,880 THOUGH HE WAS ENCOURAGING WE 3104 02:04:54,880 --> 02:04:56,960 SHOULD DO OUR BEST AND TRY TO 3105 02:04:56,960 --> 02:04:58,600 SOLVE THE MYSTERIES THAT EVEN 3106 02:04:58,600 --> 02:05:01,840 TODAY, SITTING AND TALKING 3107 02:05:01,840 --> 02:05:08,520 ABOUT THE LATEST TRIALS, 3108 02:05:08,520 --> 02:05:11,640 APPROPRIATELY THERE IS SOME 3109 02:05:11,640 --> 02:05:13,280 CONCERN ABOUT HOW LONG IT WILL 3110 02:05:13,280 --> 02:05:13,560 TAKE. 3111 02:05:13,560 --> 02:05:15,800 THE GATES FOUNDATION IS 3112 02:05:15,800 --> 02:05:19,440 DIFFERENT THAN NIH, WE HAVE 3113 02:05:19,440 --> 02:05:22,760 OVERLAPPING INTERESTS BUT 3114 02:05:22,760 --> 02:05:23,760 SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FOCUSES. 3115 02:05:23,760 --> 02:05:26,680 SO GATES FOUNDATION IS LOOKING 3116 02:05:26,680 --> 02:05:27,760 AT GLOBAL HEALTH, WHAT PEOPLE 3117 02:05:27,760 --> 02:05:30,240 BUY UP OR WHAT CAUSES OUR LIFE 3118 02:05:30,240 --> 02:05:32,280 TO BE UNHEALTHY IN POOR 3119 02:05:32,280 --> 02:05:33,760 COUNTRIES SO WE'RE ALWAYS 3120 02:05:33,760 --> 02:05:37,000 LOOKING AT OKAY WHAT ARE WE 3121 02:05:37,000 --> 02:05:45,440 GOING TO DO AND IT'S 3122 02:05:45,440 --> 02:05:49,120 MALNUTRITION, PRETTY GIGANTIC 3123 02:05:49,120 --> 02:05:52,560 BUT ALSO HIV, HPV, MALARIA, 3124 02:05:52,560 --> 02:05:54,040 VERY SPECIFIC AND OUR APPROACH 3125 02:05:54,040 --> 02:05:56,080 IS ARE WE DOING THINGS TO 3126 02:05:56,080 --> 02:05:57,280 REDUCE THOSE DEATHS. 3127 02:05:57,280 --> 02:05:59,200 AND THIS ALL STARTED IN THE 3128 02:05:59,200 --> 02:06:02,840 YEAR 2000 AND LUCKY ENOUGH IT 3129 02:06:02,840 --> 02:06:03,720 HAS BEEN GROWING. 3130 02:06:03,720 --> 02:06:06,480 IN TOTAL THE ORGANIZATION HAS 3131 02:06:06,480 --> 02:06:08,200 BEEN GIVING ABOUT SIX BILLION 3132 02:06:08,200 --> 02:06:09,360 IN GRANTS AND OVER THE NEXT 3133 02:06:09,360 --> 02:06:11,800 FIVE YEARS WILL BE GETTING UP 3134 02:06:11,800 --> 02:06:12,840 TO FIVE BILLION IN GRANTS AND 3135 02:06:12,840 --> 02:06:18,240 THAT IS A MIX OF UPSTREAM WORK 3136 02:06:18,240 --> 02:06:20,640 WHERE NIH, PARTICULARLY NAID 3137 02:06:20,640 --> 02:06:23,960 IS OUR POST IMPORTANT PARTNER 3138 02:06:23,960 --> 02:06:25,560 AND DOWNSTREAM THE DELIVERY OF 3139 02:06:25,560 --> 02:06:26,640 THESE THINGS GOING INTO 3140 02:06:26,640 --> 02:06:29,520 COUNTRIES AND TRYING TO HELP 3141 02:06:29,520 --> 02:06:30,480 THEIR PRIMARY HEALTHCARE 3142 02:06:30,480 --> 02:06:31,320 SYSTEM. 3143 02:06:31,320 --> 02:06:32,360 TWO OF THE PRIMARY THINGS WE 3144 02:06:32,360 --> 02:06:34,840 HAVE DONE IN THE FOUNDATION IN 3145 02:06:34,840 --> 02:06:38,480 OUR FIRST TWO YEARS WHERE WE 3146 02:06:38,480 --> 02:06:42,440 WERE CREATORS OF THE GLOBAL 3147 02:06:42,440 --> 02:06:44,040 WIDE VACCINE AND WE WERE ONE 3148 02:06:44,040 --> 02:06:46,360 OF THE FOUNDING PARTNERS OF 3149 02:06:46,360 --> 02:06:48,080 THE CREATION OF THE GLOBAL 3150 02:06:48,080 --> 02:06:52,160 FUNDS WHICH IS OF COURSE THE 3151 02:06:52,160 --> 02:07:01,560 MULTILATERAL EQUIVALENT OF THE 3152 02:07:01,560 --> 02:07:02,920 BILATERAL UNITED PETFAR AND 3153 02:07:02,920 --> 02:07:04,640 THEY TAKE THE MEDICINES, THEY 3154 02:07:04,640 --> 02:07:06,360 ARE NOT INVOLVED IN RESEARCH 3155 02:07:06,360 --> 02:07:08,200 TO CREATE THE MEDICINES BUT 3156 02:07:08,200 --> 02:07:12,760 THEY TAKE IN THE LATEST 3157 02:07:12,760 --> 02:07:14,960 MALARIA DRUGS, WHATEVER WE 3158 02:07:14,960 --> 02:07:17,200 COME UP WITH OR THE FIELD 3159 02:07:17,200 --> 02:07:19,400 COMES UP WITH AND TRIES TO GET 3160 02:07:19,400 --> 02:07:21,200 THOSE OUT TO EVERYBODY WHO 3161 02:07:21,200 --> 02:07:23,400 NEEDS THEM. 3162 02:07:23,400 --> 02:07:26,960 GLOBAL FUND, THE THREE 3163 02:07:26,960 --> 02:07:30,720 DEVICES, TB, MALARIA AND HIV 3164 02:07:30,720 --> 02:07:37,040 AND THEN GAVI HAS BEEN MOSTLY 3165 02:07:37,040 --> 02:07:39,040 VACCINES, HPV ALTHOUGH WE'RE 3166 02:07:39,040 --> 02:07:41,120 GETTING INTO SLIGHTLY OLDER 3167 02:07:41,120 --> 02:07:41,400 AGES. 3168 02:07:41,400 --> 02:07:42,960 ONE OF OUR BIGGEST PROGRAMS WE 3169 02:07:42,960 --> 02:07:46,760 WILL NOT BE AS SUCCESSFUL BUT 3170 02:07:46,760 --> 02:07:49,040 REMAIN OPTIMISTIC IS POLIO 3171 02:07:49,040 --> 02:07:50,480 ERADICATION AND THAT IS ABOUT 3172 02:07:50,480 --> 02:07:52,320 A BILLION A YEAR. 3173 02:07:52,320 --> 02:07:55,320 SADLY WE HAD TO DO A LITTLE 3174 02:07:55,320 --> 02:07:56,800 INNOVATION IN THAT CASE AS 3175 02:07:56,800 --> 02:07:59,000 WELL BECAUSE THE INACTIVATED 3176 02:07:59,000 --> 02:08:00,720 VACCINE ACTUALLY DOES REVERT 3177 02:08:00,720 --> 02:08:03,360 AND CAUSE DISEASE AND 3178 02:08:03,360 --> 02:08:04,960 INCLUDING CIRCULATING DISEASE 3179 02:08:04,960 --> 02:08:08,360 AND WE DON'T SAY IT TOO LOUDLY 3180 02:08:08,360 --> 02:08:10,600 SINCE IT WOULD CONFUSE PEOPLE 3181 02:08:10,600 --> 02:08:13,800 BUT ACTUALLY MORE CASES OF 3182 02:08:13,800 --> 02:08:16,120 POLIO ARE CAUSED BY REVERSION 3183 02:08:16,120 --> 02:08:17,840 THAN ARE CAUSED BY WILD TYPES. 3184 02:08:17,840 --> 02:08:20,320 ANY WAY SO WE DID A NEW 3185 02:08:20,320 --> 02:08:23,840 VACCINE WHICH WAS GENETICALLY 3186 02:08:23,840 --> 02:08:26,240 REENGINEERED TO MAKE THE 3187 02:08:26,240 --> 02:08:27,360 REVERSION HOPEFULLY HUNDREDS 3188 02:08:27,360 --> 02:08:28,800 OF THOUSANDS OF TIMES LESS 3189 02:08:28,800 --> 02:08:32,320 LIKELY AND SO FAR THAT HAS 3190 02:08:32,320 --> 02:08:34,840 BEEN BORNE OUT SINCE THE 3191 02:08:34,840 --> 02:08:36,520 MODIFIED TYPE 2 VACCINE 3192 02:08:36,520 --> 02:08:38,480 DOESN'T REVERT AND NOW WE'RE 3193 02:08:38,480 --> 02:08:40,760 DOING THE SAME THING WITH TYPE 3194 02:08:40,760 --> 02:08:41,560 1 AND TYPE 3. 3195 02:08:41,560 --> 02:08:43,760 IT WAS KIND OF AMAZING SINCE 3196 02:08:43,760 --> 02:08:46,760 IT WAS THE FIRST VACCINE TO 3197 02:08:46,760 --> 02:08:48,440 GET EMERGENCY USE 3198 02:08:48,440 --> 02:08:49,800 AUTHORIZATION ABOUT FIVE 3199 02:08:49,800 --> 02:08:51,920 MONTHS BEFORE THE FIRST COVID 3200 02:08:51,920 --> 02:08:52,240 VACCINE. 3201 02:08:52,240 --> 02:08:58,160 SO ANY WAY WE'RE IN UPSTREAM, 3202 02:08:58,160 --> 02:09:00,960 WE'RE -- AND DOWNSTREAM. 3203 02:09:00,960 --> 02:09:03,480 ONE OF OUR PRIMARY METHODS IS 3204 02:09:03,480 --> 02:09:05,120 HOW MANY CHILDREN DIE UNDER 3205 02:09:05,120 --> 02:09:07,080 THE AGE OF FIVE AND THE YEAR 3206 02:09:07,080 --> 02:09:10,960 WE GOT STARTED, THAT WAS A BIT 3207 02:09:10,960 --> 02:09:12,920 OVER 10 MILLION AND NOW THAT 3208 02:09:12,920 --> 02:09:14,760 NUMBER IS A BIT UNDER 3209 02:09:14,760 --> 02:09:16,280 5 MILLION AND THE LARGEST 3210 02:09:16,280 --> 02:09:18,960 SINGLE REASON FOR THAT IS THE 3211 02:09:18,960 --> 02:09:23,280 WORK THAT GABI IS GETTING, 3212 02:09:23,280 --> 02:09:33,160 THINGS LIKE PNEUMOCOCCAL. 3213 02:09:33,160 --> 02:09:34,400 [ COUGHING DAB. 3214 02:09:34,400 --> 02:09:34,920 [INDISCERNIBLE] 3215 02:09:34,920 --> 02:09:39,520 WE HAVE NEW VACCINES COMING 3216 02:09:39,520 --> 02:09:43,960 AND HOPE TO HAVE A TB VACCINE. 3217 02:09:43,960 --> 02:09:50,640 WE'RE ABOUT TO INVEST OVERALL 3218 02:09:50,640 --> 02:09:51,320 $800 MILLION IN THAT. 3219 02:09:51,320 --> 02:09:53,160 ONE OF THE THINGS WE WERE JUST 3220 02:09:53,160 --> 02:09:54,360 TALKING ABOUT THIS MORNING 3221 02:09:54,360 --> 02:09:56,960 WHICH IS AN AMAZING PROGRAM IS 3222 02:09:56,960 --> 02:10:00,720 THE TB DRUG DISCOVERY WORK 3223 02:10:00,720 --> 02:10:03,160 THAT WE DO. 3224 02:10:03,160 --> 02:10:05,440 AND CLIFFTON BARRY IS A PRETTY 3225 02:10:05,440 --> 02:10:06,560 IMPORTANT PARTICIPANT IN THAT. 3226 02:10:06,560 --> 02:10:09,760 BUT WE HAVE A INCREDIBLE LINE 3227 02:10:09,760 --> 02:10:13,120 OF TB DRUGS SO BETWEEN 3228 02:10:13,120 --> 02:10:17,480 ADVANCEMENTS AND DIAGNOSTICS 3229 02:10:17,480 --> 02:10:19,800 OF DRUGS AND VACCINE TRIALS 3230 02:10:19,800 --> 02:10:20,720 WHICH UNFORTUNATELY WILL TAKE 3231 02:10:20,720 --> 02:10:23,080 A PRETTY LONG TIME, IT IS A 3232 02:10:23,080 --> 02:10:23,960 PRETTY PROMISING PICTURE. 3233 02:10:23,960 --> 02:10:26,720 WE TRY NOT TO DO RESEARCH BUT 3234 02:10:26,720 --> 02:10:28,760 THERE ARE CASES WHERE WE END 3235 02:10:28,760 --> 02:10:29,760 UP DOING RESEARCH. 3236 02:10:29,760 --> 02:10:32,920 A LOT OF THE MICROBIOME 3237 02:10:32,920 --> 02:10:35,000 RESEARCH HAS BEEN FUNDED BY 3238 02:10:35,000 --> 02:10:35,720 US. 3239 02:10:35,720 --> 02:10:38,320 WE WISH SOMEONE ELSE WOULD 3240 02:10:38,320 --> 02:10:40,160 FUND IT AND WE JUST BENEFIT 3241 02:10:40,160 --> 02:10:42,240 FROM IT BUT IN TERMS OF 3242 02:10:42,240 --> 02:10:45,960 UNDERSTANDING WHY KIDS GET 3243 02:10:45,960 --> 02:10:48,760 MALNOURISHED AND WHY YOU HAVE 3244 02:10:48,760 --> 02:10:50,000 WASTING AND STUMPING, THERE 3245 02:10:50,000 --> 02:10:54,120 ARE SOME PRETTY EXCITING 3246 02:10:54,120 --> 02:10:58,160 THINGS WE HAVE LEARNED ABOUT 3247 02:10:58,160 --> 02:10:58,680 MALNUTRITION. 3248 02:10:58,680 --> 02:11:01,680 IN AFRICA, ABOUT ONE-THIRD OF 3249 02:11:01,680 --> 02:11:04,360 ALL KIDS NEVER DEVELOP 3250 02:11:04,360 --> 02:11:05,480 MENTALLY OR PHYSICALLY SO THAT 3251 02:11:05,480 --> 02:11:07,560 IS IN A SENSE WORSE THAN JUST 3252 02:11:07,560 --> 02:11:09,080 THE DEATH BURDEN. 3253 02:11:09,080 --> 02:11:11,240 WE STILL HAVE 20 PERCENT OF 3254 02:11:11,240 --> 02:11:13,320 KIDS WHO DIE UNDER THE AGE OF 3255 02:11:13,320 --> 02:11:16,280 5 DUE TO HEALTH INCLUDING 3256 02:11:16,280 --> 02:11:17,760 NORTHERN NIGERIA WHERE YOU 3257 02:11:17,760 --> 02:11:21,400 HAVE A LOT OF BIRTHS SO THE 3258 02:11:21,400 --> 02:11:23,600 INEQUITIES ARE PRETTY DRAMATIC 3259 02:11:23,600 --> 02:11:26,480 BUT DOWN MASSIVELY FROM THE 3260 02:11:26,480 --> 02:11:26,840 YEAR 2000. 3261 02:11:26,840 --> 02:11:29,240 SO MAYBE WITH THAT, WE CAN 3262 02:11:29,240 --> 02:11:35,320 DELVE INTO ANY PARTICULAR 3263 02:11:35,320 --> 02:11:35,640 TOPICS. 3264 02:11:35,640 --> 02:11:38,560 >> GREAT, SO QUESTIONS FROM 3265 02:11:38,560 --> 02:11:40,440 THE ACD MEMBERS BOTH ON ZOOM 3266 02:11:40,440 --> 02:11:42,800 OR HERE? 3267 02:11:42,800 --> 02:11:43,560 OH, ROBERTA, PLEASE. 3268 02:11:43,560 --> 02:11:44,560 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL 3269 02:11:44,560 --> 02:11:47,240 THE WORK THAT YOU ARE DOING 3270 02:11:47,240 --> 02:11:48,400 AROUND THE GLOBE. 3271 02:11:48,400 --> 02:11:50,280 I AM QUITE INTERESTED. 3272 02:11:50,280 --> 02:11:52,200 I KNOW THE GATES FOUNDATION 3273 02:11:52,200 --> 02:11:54,960 HAS A COMMITMENT TO ENABLING 3274 02:11:54,960 --> 02:11:58,560 AND PROMOTE LOCAL LEADERS, 3275 02:11:58,560 --> 02:11:59,760 LOCAL DIRECTORS, LOCAL 3276 02:11:59,760 --> 02:12:01,320 DELIVERY, I AM WONDERING 3277 02:12:01,320 --> 02:12:02,480 WHETHER THERE ARE 3278 02:12:02,480 --> 02:12:03,760 OPPORTUNITIES WHERE YOU SEE 3279 02:12:03,760 --> 02:12:07,360 THIS AS A LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 3280 02:12:07,360 --> 02:12:09,360 FOR AMERICANS TO DEVELOP, YOU 3281 02:12:09,360 --> 02:12:13,200 KNOW, THE SKILL SET OF WORKING 3282 02:12:13,200 --> 02:12:16,240 IN AN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM, 3283 02:12:16,240 --> 02:12:18,680 INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AS WELL 3284 02:12:18,680 --> 02:12:25,400 AS DELIVERY, AND LEARNING 3285 02:12:25,400 --> 02:12:25,760 CULTURES. 3286 02:12:25,760 --> 02:12:27,640 >> YEAH, YOU KNOW WE HAVE OUR 3287 02:12:27,640 --> 02:12:29,560 PRIMARY GOAL THAT WE OPTIMIZE 3288 02:12:29,560 --> 02:12:32,040 FOR IS TO HELP OUTCOME. 3289 02:12:32,040 --> 02:12:41,360 YOU KNOW WE END UP BUILDING 3290 02:12:41,360 --> 02:12:41,960 CAPACITY IN PARTICULAR. 3291 02:12:41,960 --> 02:12:44,880 WE DO A LOT OF WORK IN INDIA 3292 02:12:44,880 --> 02:12:47,960 AND DON'T TALK ABOUT IT AS 3293 02:12:47,960 --> 02:12:50,880 MUCH BECAUSE IT HAS BEEN SUPER 3294 02:12:50,880 --> 02:12:52,520 SUCCESSFUL WITH VACCINATION 3295 02:12:52,520 --> 02:12:54,480 RATES, GETTING THEM TO ADOPT 3296 02:12:54,480 --> 02:12:55,960 VACCINES AND THEY HAVE CUT 3297 02:12:55,960 --> 02:12:57,360 CHILD DEATHS IN HALF. 3298 02:12:57,360 --> 02:13:01,160 THE LOCAL CAPACITY THERE, THE 3299 02:13:01,160 --> 02:13:04,160 PARTNERS IN INDIA IS REALLY 3300 02:13:04,160 --> 02:13:05,960 FANTASTIC AND IN AFRICA, AT 3301 02:13:05,960 --> 02:13:07,360 THE TIME REALLY ONLY SOUTH 3302 02:13:07,360 --> 02:13:10,360 AFRICA WHERE WE HAVE THAT KIND 3303 02:13:10,360 --> 02:13:11,560 OF DEEP SCIENTIFIC 3304 02:13:11,560 --> 02:13:12,840 PARTNERSHIP. 3305 02:13:12,840 --> 02:13:15,920 AND BECAUSE WE'RE DOING THESE 3306 02:13:15,920 --> 02:13:18,360 EXPENSIVE TRIALS LARGE LEAP IN 3307 02:13:18,360 --> 02:13:19,560 AFRICA, HAVING THAT CAPACITY 3308 02:13:19,560 --> 02:13:25,480 AND USING THAT AS THE BASE TO 3309 02:13:25,480 --> 02:13:26,600 BUILD TALENT IS IMPORTANT. 3310 02:13:26,600 --> 02:13:28,880 WE HAVE DONE SOME FELLOWSHIP 3311 02:13:28,880 --> 02:13:30,520 PROGRAMS AND IT IS VERY 3312 02:13:30,520 --> 02:13:31,920 IMPORTANT THE LOCAL SCIENTISTS 3313 02:13:31,920 --> 02:13:32,720 ARE VERY CREDIBLE. 3314 02:13:32,720 --> 02:13:35,400 TAKE THE ISSUE OF KILLING NOS 3315 02:13:35,400 --> 02:13:39,080 SKEET TOES WITH THE GENETIC 3316 02:13:39,080 --> 02:13:41,040 CONSTRUCT CALLED TEAM DRIVE. 3317 02:13:41,040 --> 02:13:44,160 IN YOU LEFT IT TO THE GLOBE 3318 02:13:44,160 --> 02:13:46,280 WHO DOESN'T CARE MUCH ABOUT 3319 02:13:46,280 --> 02:13:48,360 MALARIA THEY WOULD BAN THIS 3320 02:13:48,360 --> 02:13:50,000 TECHNIQUE BECAUSE IT IS 3321 02:13:50,000 --> 02:13:50,560 GENETIC AND SCARY. 3322 02:13:50,560 --> 02:13:52,320 SO IT IS REALLY THE TESTIMONY 3323 02:13:52,320 --> 02:13:54,320 OF THE AFRICAN COUNTRIES WITH 3324 02:13:54,320 --> 02:13:56,880 THE STRONG AFRICAN SCIENTISTS 3325 02:13:56,880 --> 02:13:59,760 SAYING WAIT A MINUTE, MALARIA 3326 02:13:59,760 --> 02:14:02,760 DOES REALLY MATTER AND YOU CAN 3327 02:14:02,760 --> 02:14:05,560 KILL TRILLIONS OF MOSQUITOS 3328 02:14:05,560 --> 02:14:07,120 THIS WAY AND HAVE GONE THROUGH 3329 02:14:07,120 --> 02:14:09,760 THE RISKS THAT IS WORTHWHILE. 3330 02:14:09,760 --> 02:14:12,960 EVEN IN CULTURAL WORK, WE HAVE 3331 02:14:12,960 --> 02:14:14,000 EUROPEANS TELLING AFRICANS 3332 02:14:14,000 --> 02:14:20,960 THEY SHOULDN'T USE GM O SEEDS 3333 02:14:20,960 --> 02:14:24,640 TO GET MORE PRODUCTIVITY AND 3334 02:14:24,640 --> 02:14:28,400 GET BETTER NUTRITION AND ONLY 3335 02:14:28,400 --> 02:14:29,560 HAVING STRONG AFRICAN LEADERS 3336 02:14:29,560 --> 02:14:31,560 WHO SPOKE TO THE PEOPLE THAT 3337 02:14:31,560 --> 02:14:34,320 WE ARE STARTING TO TAKE THESE 3338 02:14:34,320 --> 02:14:36,400 FANTASTIC SEEDS TO GET THOSE 3339 02:14:36,400 --> 02:14:37,640 OUT IN PRODUCTION. 3340 02:14:37,640 --> 02:14:41,400 WE HAVE SOME EXCITING FELLOW 3341 02:14:41,400 --> 02:14:42,080 SHIPS IN AFRICA. 3342 02:14:42,080 --> 02:14:44,840 I WOULD SAY FRANCIS HAS BEEN A 3343 02:14:44,840 --> 02:14:46,680 GOOD CHAMPION PUSHING US FOR 3344 02:14:46,680 --> 02:14:50,560 BUILDING THAT LOCAL SCIENTIFIC 3345 02:14:50,560 --> 02:14:51,040 CAPACITY. 3346 02:14:51,040 --> 02:14:52,960 MORE AND MORE, WE TRY TO TO 3347 02:14:52,960 --> 02:14:53,480 DIRECT GRANTS. 3348 02:14:53,480 --> 02:14:55,560 IF YOU GO TO THE EARLIER -- 3349 02:14:55,560 --> 02:14:57,200 ALMOST ALL OF OUR GRANTS WE 3350 02:14:57,200 --> 02:14:59,200 GAVE TO U.S. INSTITUTIONS THEN 3351 02:14:59,200 --> 02:15:01,120 WOULD DO THE WORK IN AFRICA. 3352 02:15:01,120 --> 02:15:03,240 I WOULD SAY NOW AT LEAST HALF 3353 02:15:03,240 --> 02:15:05,560 OF THOSE ARE DIRECT GRANTS 3354 02:15:05,560 --> 02:15:07,360 WITH AFRICAN ORGANIZATIONS 3355 02:15:07,360 --> 02:15:09,800 WHICH, YOU KNOW, ALLOWS THEM 3356 02:15:09,800 --> 02:15:11,960 TO TAKE CHARGE AND SOMETIMES 3357 02:15:11,960 --> 02:15:13,480 ACTUALLY SOMEWHAT MORE 3358 02:15:13,480 --> 02:15:13,840 EFFICIENT. 3359 02:15:13,840 --> 02:15:17,080 >> I GUESS I SHOULD HAVE BEEN 3360 02:15:17,080 --> 02:15:17,680 MORE CLEAR. 3361 02:15:17,680 --> 02:15:21,200 MY SORT OF INTEREST IS IN HOW 3362 02:15:21,200 --> 02:15:24,600 CAN WE LEARN FROM THIS GATES 3363 02:15:24,600 --> 02:15:26,200 EXPERIENCE, RIGHT, IN THE 3364 02:15:26,200 --> 02:15:28,840 SENSE OF BEING ON THE GROUND 3365 02:15:28,840 --> 02:15:31,000 WITH YOUR TEAMS AND WITH THE, 3366 02:15:31,000 --> 02:15:35,160 YOU KNOW, FOLKS IN THE LOCAL 3367 02:15:35,160 --> 02:15:35,560 ECOSYSTEM. 3368 02:15:35,560 --> 02:15:37,360 SO IT WASN'T ABOUT AMERICANS 3369 02:15:37,360 --> 02:15:40,320 TAKING CHARGE, IT IS ABOUT 3370 02:15:40,320 --> 02:15:50,520 THIS IS A GRAND GLOBAL 3371 02:15:50,520 --> 02:15:51,720 OPPORTUNITY FOR LEARNING. 3372 02:15:51,720 --> 02:15:53,440 >> I THINK THE LOCAL 3373 02:15:53,440 --> 02:15:54,720 COLLABORATIONS ARE PRETTY 3374 02:15:54,720 --> 02:15:56,160 AMAZING BEING ON THE GROUND 3375 02:15:56,160 --> 02:15:58,240 WHERE THE TRIALS GET DONE. 3376 02:15:58,240 --> 02:16:00,520 I SAY THAT IS STRONGEST WHERE 3377 02:16:00,520 --> 02:16:02,160 WE HAVE THESE HUGE 3378 02:16:02,160 --> 02:16:05,320 PARTNERSHIPS IN SOUTH AFRICA 3379 02:16:05,320 --> 02:16:13,120 WHICH TRAGICALLY HAS BEEN TB 3380 02:16:13,120 --> 02:16:14,720 AND HIV BURDENS SO WE SPEND 3381 02:16:14,720 --> 02:16:16,200 MUCH OF THE TIME THERE AND 3382 02:16:16,200 --> 02:16:18,040 THERE IS SOME MIXING WHERE 3383 02:16:18,040 --> 02:16:20,120 PEOPLE GO OVER AND SPEND A LOT 3384 02:16:20,120 --> 02:16:21,120 OF TIME. 3385 02:16:21,120 --> 02:16:24,960 CLIFF TALKING ABOUT HE HAS A 3386 02:16:24,960 --> 02:16:27,840 MILLION FREE MILES ON AIRLINES 3387 02:16:27,840 --> 02:16:31,360 INVOLVED IN THE TB IN BOTH 3388 02:16:31,360 --> 02:16:33,200 CHINA AND SOUTH AFRICA. 3389 02:16:33,200 --> 02:16:33,640 >> THANK YOU. 3390 02:16:33,640 --> 02:16:35,560 >> HOWARD, YOU ARE NEXT, 3391 02:16:35,560 --> 02:16:36,880 PLEASE. 3392 02:16:36,880 --> 02:16:40,840 >> MR. GATES, THIS IS HOWARD 3393 02:16:40,840 --> 02:16:47,760 CHANGE, AC MEMBER AND THANK 3394 02:16:47,760 --> 02:16:49,360 YOU FOR SPENDING TIME WITH US 3395 02:16:49,360 --> 02:16:50,960 AND APPRECIATE THE WORK YOU 3396 02:16:50,960 --> 02:16:52,120 ARE DOING. 3397 02:16:52,120 --> 02:16:54,160 YOU ARE FORCED TO MAKE 3398 02:16:54,160 --> 02:16:56,160 INVESTMENTS IN EARLY RESEARCH. 3399 02:16:56,160 --> 02:16:58,000 CAN YOU TELL US BASED ON YOUR 3400 02:16:58,000 --> 02:17:01,320 EXPERIENCE IF YOU SEE THE 3401 02:17:01,320 --> 02:17:02,520 LONG-TERM STRATEGY IMPACT YOU 3402 02:17:02,520 --> 02:17:03,960 HAVE BY INVESTING IN EARLY 3403 02:17:03,960 --> 02:17:05,280 RESEARCH AND THEN THE SECOND 3404 02:17:05,280 --> 02:17:08,160 ASPECT OF THE QUESTION IS 3405 02:17:08,160 --> 02:17:10,160 THERE ANY LEARNING ABOUT WHY 3406 02:17:10,160 --> 02:17:12,360 THE TOPICS ARE NOT PICK *UD UP 3407 02:17:12,360 --> 02:17:20,080 BY NIH OR ANY OTHER SORT OF 3408 02:17:20,080 --> 02:17:20,800 INTERESTING BASIC DISCOVERIES. 3409 02:17:20,800 --> 02:17:23,080 >> I DON'T KNOW, TO SOME 3410 02:17:23,080 --> 02:17:25,880 EXTENT THE MRNA VACCINE, YOU 3411 02:17:25,880 --> 02:17:27,400 KNOW, THE MRNA VACCINES WORK 3412 02:17:27,400 --> 02:17:29,440 IN TERMS OF GETTING INTO A 3413 02:17:29,440 --> 02:17:29,920 PRODUCT. 3414 02:17:29,920 --> 02:17:36,360 THAT IS LARGELY FUNDED BY 3415 02:17:36,360 --> 02:17:38,200 DARPA AND GATES FOUNDATION. 3416 02:17:38,200 --> 02:17:40,760 YOU KNOW WENT OUT, TRIED TO 3417 02:17:40,760 --> 02:17:43,760 INTEREST ALL THE PHARMA 3418 02:17:43,760 --> 02:17:47,440 COMPANIES AND ENDED UP GETTING 3419 02:17:47,440 --> 02:17:49,560 THREE ORGANIZATIONS. 3420 02:17:49,560 --> 02:17:51,680 CUREVAC WAS ACTUALLY THE 3421 02:17:51,680 --> 02:17:52,480 FIRST. 3422 02:17:52,480 --> 02:17:55,560 IN 2003, THEY GOT DARPA AND 3423 02:17:55,560 --> 02:17:58,160 GATES FUNDING. 3424 02:17:58,160 --> 02:18:01,360 THEN IN 2007, MODERNA AND 3425 02:18:01,360 --> 02:18:03,160 BIOTECH IN 2011 AND THAT IS 3426 02:18:03,160 --> 02:18:06,560 WHERE THE MRNA VACCINES COME 3427 02:18:06,560 --> 02:18:06,960 FROM. 3428 02:18:06,960 --> 02:18:09,920 NIH DID JUMP IN TO HELP DO THE 3429 02:18:09,920 --> 02:18:11,360 SPIKE PROTEIN WORK BUT IN 3430 02:18:11,360 --> 02:18:14,200 TERMS OF THAT LAST ONE, IT WAS 3431 02:18:14,200 --> 02:18:18,360 DONE IS SOME UNUSUAL PLACES 3432 02:18:18,360 --> 02:18:23,080 WHICH IS AN INDICTMENT OF 3433 02:18:23,080 --> 02:18:24,760 PHARMA TO SOME DEGREE. 3434 02:18:24,760 --> 02:18:27,560 WE ALMOST HAD THK INVOLVED IN 3435 02:18:27,560 --> 02:18:29,160 THAT BUT DIDN'T SUCCEED. 3436 02:18:29,160 --> 02:18:30,400 THERE ARE SOME VERY 3437 02:18:30,400 --> 02:18:32,960 FUNDAMENTAL THINGS ABOUT 3438 02:18:32,960 --> 02:18:35,720 MAKING VACCINES THAT ARE 3439 02:18:35,720 --> 02:18:38,600 BLOCKING, LONG DURATION AND A 3440 02:18:38,600 --> 02:18:40,680 HUGE BREADTH AVAILABLE TODAY. 3441 02:18:40,680 --> 02:18:42,440 OUR COVID VACCINES FAIL IN ALL 3442 02:18:42,440 --> 02:18:43,360 THREE OF THOSE AREAS. 3443 02:18:43,360 --> 02:18:45,880 WE HAVE A COLLABORATION WITH 3444 02:18:45,880 --> 02:18:51,520 STANFORD ON LOOKING AT BASIC 3445 02:18:51,520 --> 02:18:52,800 VACCINES SIGNS TO TRY TO 3446 02:18:52,800 --> 02:18:54,400 UNDERSTAND THOSE THINGS. 3447 02:18:54,400 --> 02:18:55,560 A SHORT DURATION VACCINE IS 3448 02:18:55,560 --> 02:18:59,000 NOT VERY INTERESTING FOR HIV 3449 02:18:59,000 --> 02:19:01,320 OR TB OR MALARIA. 3450 02:19:01,320 --> 02:19:06,080 MALARIA AS AN EXAMPLE WHERE WE 3451 02:19:06,080 --> 02:19:08,760 FUNDED OVER JFK OVER A DECADE 3452 02:19:08,760 --> 02:19:12,520 A VACCINE CALLED TRF THAT IS 3453 02:19:12,520 --> 02:19:14,040 ACTUALLY NOT WORTH DEPLOYING 3454 02:19:14,040 --> 02:19:16,560 BECAUSE ITS HALF LIFE IS SO 3455 02:19:16,560 --> 02:19:22,720 LOW THAT YOU ARE BETTER TO 3456 02:19:22,720 --> 02:19:26,920 SPEND YOUR MONEY ON BED NESTS 3457 02:19:26,920 --> 02:19:27,800 THAN THE VACCINE. 3458 02:19:27,800 --> 02:19:29,680 SO THE IDEA THAT OKAY WE WILL 3459 02:19:29,680 --> 02:19:31,960 BE ABLE TO TAKE THAT AND 3460 02:19:31,960 --> 02:19:33,560 EVENTUALLY TURN THAT INTO A 3461 02:19:33,560 --> 02:19:36,120 REAL VACCINE, IT IS NOT A 3462 02:19:36,120 --> 02:19:37,800 COMPLETE WASTE BUT IT IS 3463 02:19:37,800 --> 02:19:39,760 AMAZING TO ME HOW LITTLE WE 3464 02:19:39,760 --> 02:19:44,880 KNOW ABOUT THESE VACCINES' KEY 3465 02:19:44,880 --> 02:19:45,360 CHARACTERISTICS. 3466 02:19:45,360 --> 02:19:46,400 PROBABLY OUR HIGHEST PAYBACK 3467 02:19:46,400 --> 02:19:50,040 IS OUR WORK THAT IS 3468 02:19:50,040 --> 02:19:52,240 UPSTREAM-TYPE WORK BUT I GUESS 3469 02:19:52,240 --> 02:19:53,520 ONE DOWNSTREAM EXAMPLE WHICH 3470 02:19:53,520 --> 02:19:56,640 IS KIND OF AMAZING IS THE HPV 3471 02:19:56,640 --> 02:20:01,400 VACCINE IS A VERY POWERFUL 3472 02:20:01,400 --> 02:20:05,760 VACCINE AND, YOU KNOW, PHARMA 3473 02:20:05,760 --> 02:20:08,160 IS NOT INSENTED TO PROVE YOU 3474 02:20:08,160 --> 02:20:09,480 ONLY NEED ONE DOSE. 3475 02:20:09,480 --> 02:20:11,160 WHY WOULD THEY PROVE TO PEOPLE 3476 02:20:11,160 --> 02:20:15,080 THEY SHOULD HAVE HALF AS MUCH 3477 02:20:15,080 --> 02:20:19,560 REVENUE? 3478 02:20:19,560 --> 02:20:20,200 SAME WITH PNEUMOCOCCAL. 3479 02:20:20,200 --> 02:20:23,560 IT IS ALMOST PROVEABLE THAT 3480 02:20:23,560 --> 02:20:25,560 TWO ARE 20 SO GATES FOUNDATION 3481 02:20:25,560 --> 02:20:29,000 DID THIS TO SHOW YOU ONLY NEED 3482 02:20:29,000 --> 02:20:29,280 TWO. 3483 02:20:29,280 --> 02:20:31,560 WITH HPV WE DID THESE 3484 02:20:31,560 --> 02:20:32,840 INCREDIBLE STUDIES TO SHOW YOU 3485 02:20:32,840 --> 02:20:39,240 ONLY NEED ONE SO ALL THE MONEY 3486 02:20:39,240 --> 02:20:40,600 ON HPV VACCINES WILL GO DEVICE 3487 02:20:40,600 --> 02:20:46,760 AS FAR. -- TWICE AS FAR. 3488 02:20:46,760 --> 02:20:49,840 SO IF WE HAD 92,000 DOSES WE 3489 02:20:49,840 --> 02:20:51,440 WOULD HAVE FAILED AND INSTEAD 3490 02:20:51,440 --> 02:20:59,160 OF GETTING AS MANY PEOPLE TO 3491 02:20:59,160 --> 02:21:01,560 HAVE ONE DOSE, THEY SAY WE 3492 02:21:01,560 --> 02:21:04,200 WILL HAVE TWO THAT IS 3493 02:21:04,200 --> 02:21:05,480 BASICALLY ONLY GIVING YOU 3494 02:21:05,480 --> 02:21:06,600 5 PERCENT PROTECTION. 3495 02:21:06,600 --> 02:21:08,200 THANK GOODNESS THE ONE DOSE IS 3496 02:21:08,200 --> 02:21:11,240 SO GOOD IT IS 3497 02:21:11,240 --> 02:21:11,920 INDISTINGUISHABLE BETWEEN 3498 02:21:11,920 --> 02:21:13,120 TWO-DOSE IN TERMS OF THE 3499 02:21:13,120 --> 02:21:13,560 OUTCOME. 3500 02:21:13,560 --> 02:21:16,560 SO WE CAN TAKE -- AND DELIVERY 3501 02:21:16,560 --> 02:21:18,200 IS SUPER HARD, THE COST OF 3502 02:21:18,200 --> 02:21:21,440 GETTING IT IN THE FIELD BUT 3503 02:21:21,440 --> 02:21:22,840 OUR COVERAGE WOULD HAVE BEEN 3504 02:21:22,840 --> 02:21:23,480 SUPER LOW. 3505 02:21:23,480 --> 02:21:26,440 SO SOME OF THE IN-THE-FIELD 3506 02:21:26,440 --> 02:21:27,720 STUFF IS PRETTY INCREDIBLE AS 3507 02:21:27,720 --> 02:21:28,520 WELL. 3508 02:21:28,520 --> 02:21:30,880 WE HAVE DONE A LOT ON 3509 02:21:30,880 --> 02:21:33,360 REFRIGERATION TO MAKE THAT 3510 02:21:33,360 --> 02:21:35,560 EUROPE EASY TO DO. 3511 02:21:35,560 --> 02:21:36,760 BUT YEAH THE UPSTREAM RESEARCH 3512 02:21:36,760 --> 02:21:39,200 IS WHERE THE MOST DRAMATIC 3513 02:21:39,200 --> 02:21:40,280 THING IS. 3514 02:21:40,280 --> 02:21:43,360 ALTHOUGH I HAVE GIVE ONE MORE 3515 02:21:43,360 --> 02:21:43,680 EXAMPLE. 3516 02:21:43,680 --> 02:21:51,000 WHEN THE GATES FOUNDATION 3517 02:21:51,000 --> 02:21:52,440 STARTED, ROTAVAC WAS GIVEN TO 3518 02:21:52,440 --> 02:21:54,360 RICH CHILDREN. 3519 02:21:54,360 --> 02:21:55,960 ALL THE ROTA VIRUS DEATHS ARE 3520 02:21:55,960 --> 02:22:02,360 IN POOR CHILDREN AND THEY HAVE 3521 02:22:02,360 --> 02:22:04,800 ZERO VACCINES AND SO JUST 3522 02:22:04,800 --> 02:22:07,320 GETTING THE WORLD TO TAKE THE 3523 02:22:07,320 --> 02:22:18,480 R OT ROTAVAC VACCINE, GIVING 3524 02:22:18,480 --> 02:22:20,760 IT TO INFANTS BUT THAT WAS 3525 02:22:20,760 --> 02:22:23,080 GETTING THE COSTS DOWN, VOLUME 3526 02:22:23,080 --> 02:22:25,480 UP, GOING FROM COUNTRY TO 3527 02:22:25,480 --> 02:22:25,800 COUNTRY. 3528 02:22:25,800 --> 02:22:28,120 IN INDIA WE HAVE A LOCAL 3529 02:22:28,120 --> 02:22:30,520 MANUFACTURER AND NOW THAT IS A 3530 02:22:30,520 --> 02:22:36,720 HUGE SUCCESS STORY BUT THAT 3531 02:22:36,720 --> 02:22:37,840 WAS NONSCIENTIFIC 3532 02:22:37,840 --> 02:22:42,720 INSTITUTIONARE AH THINGS AND 3533 02:22:42,720 --> 02:22:44,440 PHNEUMOCOCCUS IS A LITTLE BIT 3534 02:22:44,440 --> 02:22:46,160 OF SAME STORY ALTHOUGH WE DID 3535 02:22:46,160 --> 02:22:48,960 HAVE TO CHANGE THE -- THERE 3536 02:22:48,960 --> 02:22:52,760 WAS A SLIGHT RERUM CHANGE TYPE 3537 02:22:52,760 --> 02:22:54,520 SO JUST DOING THE WORK THERE. 3538 02:22:54,520 --> 02:22:56,360 NOW WE'RE JUST TRYING TO GET 3539 02:22:56,360 --> 02:22:58,760 IT TO BE BELOW A DOLLAR A DOSE 3540 02:22:58,760 --> 02:23:07,240 AND THAT HAS BEEN VERY 3541 02:23:07,240 --> 02:23:07,600 PROMISING. 3542 02:23:07,600 --> 02:23:10,720 >> ADD ADD MY THANKS TO YOU 3543 02:23:10,720 --> 02:23:12,200 FOR THE GLOBAL VIEW OF 3544 02:23:12,200 --> 02:23:13,240 INTERACTION SEEN DEVELOPMENT 3545 02:23:13,240 --> 02:23:13,960 AND MORE. 3546 02:23:13,960 --> 02:23:15,400 I WAS WONDERING, MAYBE YOU 3547 02:23:15,400 --> 02:23:17,280 HAVE ALREADY SPOKEN TO IT A 3548 02:23:17,280 --> 02:23:21,080 BIT BUT DO YOU THINK THE RNA 3549 02:23:21,080 --> 02:23:24,160 VACCINE AS THE CORONA VIRUS 3550 02:23:24,160 --> 02:23:26,800 VACCINE WILL IMPACT VACCINE 3551 02:23:26,800 --> 02:23:27,760 DEVELOPMENT WORLDWIDE AND HOW 3552 02:23:27,760 --> 02:23:30,280 YOU THINK THE SEED OF 3553 02:23:30,280 --> 02:23:31,520 DEVELOPMENT WILL IMPACT? 3554 02:23:31,520 --> 02:23:32,760 WILL IT IMPACT SOME OF THE 3555 02:23:32,760 --> 02:23:35,400 AREAS YOU HAVE ALREADY SPOKEN 3556 02:23:35,400 --> 02:23:35,760 TO? 3557 02:23:35,760 --> 02:23:38,080 >> YEAH, SO THE BUSINESS CASE 3558 02:23:38,080 --> 02:23:41,960 OF, YOU KNOW, BIOTECH AND 3559 02:23:41,960 --> 02:23:45,600 MODERNA IS LARGELY BASED ON 3560 02:23:45,600 --> 02:23:47,040 MRNA VACCINES IN ONCOLOGY. 3561 02:23:47,040 --> 02:23:48,600 AND YOU KNOW THERE ARE PEOPLE 3562 02:23:48,600 --> 02:23:50,680 WHO THINK THAT IS ABSOLUTELY 3563 02:23:50,680 --> 02:23:52,280 GOING TO FAIL AND THERE ARE 3564 02:23:52,280 --> 02:23:54,800 PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT IS GOING 3565 02:23:54,800 --> 02:23:56,520 TO BE ABSOLUTELY PHENOMENAL. 3566 02:23:56,520 --> 02:23:58,720 SO IT IS A GREAT QUESTION BUT 3567 02:23:58,720 --> 02:24:01,360 THEY ARE GETTING SO MUCH 3568 02:24:01,360 --> 02:24:02,880 PRIVATE CAPITAL, YOU KNOW, WE 3569 02:24:02,880 --> 02:24:04,520 WILL HAVE AN ANSWER. 3570 02:24:04,520 --> 02:24:06,160 BUT YOU HAVE A GOOD -- THE 3571 02:24:06,160 --> 02:24:11,560 COUPLE THAT ARE FOUNDERS OF 3572 02:24:11,560 --> 02:24:14,120 THE BY BIOTECH ACTUALLY CARE 3573 02:24:14,120 --> 02:24:14,960 ABOUT INFECTIOUS DISEASE SO 3574 02:24:14,960 --> 02:24:17,240 THEY ARE DOING MORE FOR 3575 02:24:17,240 --> 02:24:19,480 INFECTIOUS DISEASE THAN A PURE 3576 02:24:19,480 --> 02:24:20,360 BUSINESS-ORIENTED VIEW WOULD 3577 02:24:20,360 --> 02:24:20,920 CAUSE THEM TO. 3578 02:24:20,920 --> 02:24:23,560 I WOULD SAY THERE IS EVEN A 3579 02:24:23,560 --> 02:24:26,360 DANGER THAT MRNA BECOMES -- WE 3580 02:24:26,360 --> 02:24:27,160 OVERFOCUS ON THAT. 3581 02:24:27,160 --> 02:24:29,560 THERE ARE OTHER VACCINES THAT 3582 02:24:29,560 --> 02:24:32,480 MAY SOLVE THESE DURATION-TYPE 3583 02:24:32,480 --> 02:24:35,240 ISSUES SO WE DON'T WANT TO 3584 02:24:35,240 --> 02:24:36,600 BECOME OVERLY FOCUSED. 3585 02:24:36,600 --> 02:24:39,720 THE THING ABOUT MRNA IS THE 3586 02:24:39,720 --> 02:24:41,440 FLEXIBILITY, THAT YOU ARE JUST 3587 02:24:41,440 --> 02:24:45,000 ESSENTIALLY CHANGING THE 3588 02:24:45,000 --> 02:24:53,080 NUMBERS, THE MRNA-T SO WE CAN 3589 02:24:53,080 --> 02:25:01,320 HAVE. 3590 02:25:01,320 --> 02:25:03,520 >> Genny: NUCLEAR -- HAVE 3591 02:25:03,520 --> 02:25:04,160 GENERIC VACCINES FACTORIES. 3592 02:25:04,160 --> 02:25:08,160 THERE IS A LOT OF RESEARCH ON 3593 02:25:08,160 --> 02:25:09,120 HOW LIPIDS TARGET DIFFERENT 3594 02:25:09,120 --> 02:25:10,280 THINGS SO WE MAY HAVE TO 3595 02:25:10,280 --> 02:25:12,960 CHANGE THIS BUT YOU CAN HAVE A 3596 02:25:12,960 --> 02:25:15,760 MRNA FACTORY THAT CAN MAKE 3597 02:25:15,760 --> 02:25:16,760 BILLIONS OF VACCINES IN MONTHS 3598 02:25:16,760 --> 02:25:20,640 AND THE COST OF MAKING THE 3599 02:25:20,640 --> 02:25:22,520 MRNA VACCINES ONCE YOU GET 3600 02:25:22,520 --> 02:25:24,600 INTO THESE TYPE OF VOLUMES IS 3601 02:25:24,600 --> 02:25:25,280 SUPER, SUPER LOW. 3602 02:25:25,280 --> 02:25:27,240 SO THERE IS THIS DEBATE IN THE 3603 02:25:27,240 --> 02:25:30,560 VACCINE WORLD SHOULD WE HAVE 3604 02:25:30,560 --> 02:25:37,080 VACCINE FACTORIES IN ERR -- 3605 02:25:37,080 --> 02:25:38,800 EVERY COUNTRY, WHICH IS 3606 02:25:38,800 --> 02:25:39,440 INSANE. 3607 02:25:39,440 --> 02:25:43,560 OR SHOULD WE HAVE SO MUCH 3608 02:25:43,560 --> 02:25:45,120 CAPACITY OF VACCINE THAT THE 3609 02:25:45,120 --> 02:25:49,760 IDEA OF DID YOU HAND IT OUT IN 3610 02:25:49,760 --> 02:25:51,360 THE RIGHT ORDER WOULD 3611 02:25:51,360 --> 02:25:53,560 ESSENTIALLY MAKE IT A MOOT 3612 02:25:53,560 --> 02:25:55,160 QUESTION BECAUSE YOU GOT IT 3613 02:25:55,160 --> 02:25:59,760 OUT SO QUICKLY THAT YOU ARE 3614 02:25:59,760 --> 02:26:03,760 MORE BOTTLE NECKED WITH 3615 02:26:03,760 --> 02:26:04,920 DISTRIBUTION PROBLEMS. 3616 02:26:04,920 --> 02:26:07,120 AND PARTICULARLY IF CHINA 3617 02:26:07,120 --> 02:26:08,720 WANTS ITS CAPACITY, EUROPE 3618 02:26:08,720 --> 02:26:10,440 WANTS IT, U.S. WANTS IT, YOU 3619 02:26:10,440 --> 02:26:14,360 COULD GET UP TO SIX BILLION 3620 02:26:14,360 --> 02:26:15,880 COURSES PRETTY QUICKLY. 3621 02:26:15,880 --> 02:26:18,320 SO NO, MRNA IS, YOU KNOW, 3622 02:26:18,320 --> 02:26:20,600 FANTASTIC FOR LOTS OF THINGS 3623 02:26:20,600 --> 02:26:24,800 INCLUDING NOT JUST 3624 02:26:24,800 --> 02:26:25,360 VACCINOLOGY. 3625 02:26:25,360 --> 02:26:28,120 AND THE LEVEL OF INTEREST IN 3626 02:26:28,120 --> 02:26:32,640 IT NOW, ALMOST ALL OF THESE 3627 02:26:32,640 --> 02:26:34,400 DEVELOPING COUNTRY VACCINE 3628 02:26:34,400 --> 02:26:35,440 MANUFACTURERS ARE ALL 3629 02:26:35,440 --> 02:26:38,760 DEVELOPING THE CAPACITY TO DO 3630 02:26:38,760 --> 02:26:45,240 MRNA SO SERUM IN TWO OR THREE 3631 02:26:45,240 --> 02:26:45,560 YEARS -- 3632 02:26:45,560 --> 02:26:46,040 [INDISCERNIBLE] 3633 02:26:46,040 --> 02:26:51,320 PFIZER IS THE HIGHEST REVENUE 3634 02:26:51,320 --> 02:26:52,040 VACCINE MANUFACTURER BUT THERE 3635 02:26:52,040 --> 02:26:55,920 IS A DIFFERENCE WHEN YOU SELL 3636 02:26:55,920 --> 02:26:58,560 FOR $80 VERSUS TWO DOLLARS IN 3637 02:26:58,560 --> 02:26:59,560 REVENUE VERSUS UNIT COST BUT 3638 02:26:59,560 --> 02:27:02,520 WE WILL HAVE THOSE CAPACITIES 3639 02:27:02,520 --> 02:27:02,960 PRETTY QUICKLY. 3640 02:27:02,960 --> 02:27:06,160 SO I HOPE WE CAN SOLVE THE 3641 02:27:06,160 --> 02:27:11,640 DURATION PROBLEM WITH SOME 3642 02:27:11,640 --> 02:27:12,240 ADJUVANT OR SOMETHING. 3643 02:27:12,240 --> 02:27:13,480 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING 3644 02:27:13,480 --> 02:27:13,760 HERE. 3645 02:27:13,760 --> 02:27:16,480 I AM GOING TO ASK YOU TWO 3646 02:27:16,480 --> 02:27:18,360 QUESTIONS THAT ARE TWO PARTS 3647 02:27:18,360 --> 02:27:19,560 OF MY IDENTITY. 3648 02:27:19,560 --> 02:27:22,000 FIRST OF ALL I AM A 3649 02:27:22,000 --> 02:27:22,760 PSYCHIATRIST AND A 3650 02:27:22,760 --> 02:27:23,840 NEUROSCIENTIST AND I AM 3651 02:27:23,840 --> 02:27:25,960 WONDERING, ONE OF THE THINGS I 3652 02:27:25,960 --> 02:27:27,240 REGULARLY OBSERVED IN MY 3653 02:27:27,240 --> 02:27:30,440 TRAINING IS NO MATTER NOW GOOD 3654 02:27:30,440 --> 02:27:32,440 THE ANTIVIRALS WERE, THEY HAVE 3655 02:27:32,440 --> 02:27:34,160 DIDN'T WORK IF MY PATIENTS 3656 02:27:34,160 --> 02:27:34,760 DIDN'T TAKE THEM. 3657 02:27:34,760 --> 02:27:37,840 SO I AM WONDERING HOW YOU ARE 3658 02:27:37,840 --> 02:27:40,160 THINKING ABOUT MENTAL ILLNESS 3659 02:27:40,160 --> 02:27:41,600 AND HOW YOU ARE THINKING ABOUT 3660 02:27:41,600 --> 02:27:43,480 THAT AS YOU DEVELOP TREATMENT 3661 02:27:43,480 --> 02:27:45,040 FOR VARIOUS DISEASES, AS YOU 3662 02:27:45,040 --> 02:27:46,760 THINK ABOUT THAT WORLDWIDE. 3663 02:27:46,760 --> 02:27:48,960 AND THEN THE SECOND PART IS MY 3664 02:27:48,960 --> 02:27:51,760 FAMILY IS FROM GHANA IN WEST 3665 02:27:51,760 --> 02:27:56,720 AFRICA AND WHEN I VISIT, I 3666 02:27:56,720 --> 02:27:58,080 OBSERVE DISPARITIES FROM WHAT 3667 02:27:58,080 --> 02:28:01,000 I OBSERVE IN THE UNITED STATES 3668 02:28:01,000 --> 02:28:03,400 BUT ALSO SERVE IN PREDATOR AND 3669 02:28:03,400 --> 02:28:07,760 THE DISPARITIES BLOCK TO BLOCK 3670 02:28:07,760 --> 02:28:09,360 ARE GREATER THAN WHEN I TRAVEL 3671 02:28:09,360 --> 02:28:12,000 TO MY FAMILY COMMUNITY IN 3672 02:28:12,000 --> 02:28:12,320 GHANA. 3673 02:28:12,320 --> 02:28:14,200 SO WONDERING IF YOU ARE 3674 02:28:14,200 --> 02:28:16,440 THINKING ABOUT WAYS TO FIGURE 3675 02:28:16,440 --> 02:28:20,360 OUT BEST PRACTICE IN AFRICA OR 3676 02:28:20,360 --> 02:28:24,080 HERE AND VICE VERSA AND HOW 3677 02:28:24,080 --> 02:28:24,480 YOU DO THAT. 3678 02:28:24,480 --> 02:28:28,600 AND I WANT TO SAY A PERSONAL 3679 02:28:28,600 --> 02:28:30,600 THANKS TO Dr. FAUCI, AS A 3680 02:28:30,600 --> 02:28:32,960 YOUNG SCIENTIST, THE ROLE YOU 3681 02:28:32,960 --> 02:28:34,800 PLAYED TO BRING SCIENCE AND 3682 02:28:34,800 --> 02:28:40,200 MEDICINE TOGETHER TO HAVE A 3683 02:28:40,200 --> 02:28:41,600 TRANSFORMATIVE EFFECT. 3684 02:28:41,600 --> 02:28:42,920 >> YEAH, I MEAN THERE'S 3685 02:28:42,920 --> 02:28:44,280 SOMETHING THAT I HOPE 3686 02:28:44,280 --> 02:28:45,920 EVERYBODY PLAYS WITH ON A 3687 02:28:45,920 --> 02:28:48,280 REGULAR BASIS WHICH IS THIS 3688 02:28:48,280 --> 02:28:51,760 LONE BURDEN OF DISEASE 3689 02:28:51,760 --> 02:28:52,640 DATABASE FROM IHME. 3690 02:28:52,640 --> 02:28:54,880 YOU CAN LOOK AT COFACTORS, 3691 02:28:54,880 --> 02:28:58,120 TRENDS, LOOK AT IT BY RACE, 3692 02:28:58,120 --> 02:29:00,960 GEOGRAPHY OTHER TIME, DO 3693 02:29:00,960 --> 02:29:04,480 FORECASTS NOW, YOU CAN LOOK AT 3694 02:29:04,480 --> 02:29:07,120 DO PLAQUE PATIENTS SEEK HEALTH 3695 02:29:07,120 --> 02:29:09,640 DIFFERENTLY THAN OTHER 3696 02:29:09,640 --> 02:29:10,040 PATIENTS. 3697 02:29:10,040 --> 02:29:24,440 THE DATABASE IS LARGELY FUNDED 3698 02:29:24,440 --> 02:29:26,040 BY THE FOUNDATION, THE 3699 02:29:26,040 --> 02:29:28,000 RESISTANCE IS SOMETHING FROM 3700 02:29:28,000 --> 02:29:28,360 THE PAST. 3701 02:29:28,360 --> 02:29:29,960 THERE IS THE TAKE WHERE 3702 02:29:29,960 --> 02:29:31,840 THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN CAN DIE 3703 02:29:31,840 --> 02:29:33,560 AND WE BASICALLY DO 3704 02:29:33,560 --> 02:29:35,480 AUTOPSIES -- THIS IS ONLY IN 3705 02:29:35,480 --> 02:29:37,040 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WHERE THE 3706 02:29:37,040 --> 02:29:38,560 OPAQUENESS OF CAUSE OF DEATH 3707 02:29:38,560 --> 02:29:39,960 WAS SO HIGH AND THAT HAS BEEN 3708 02:29:39,960 --> 02:29:43,720 A HUGE SET OF FACTORS 3709 02:29:43,720 --> 02:29:45,760 INFORMING THE IHME TO 3710 02:29:45,760 --> 02:29:47,040 ATTRIBUTE, OKAY, WHAT ARE 3711 02:29:47,040 --> 02:29:49,960 THESE KIDS DYING OF, 3712 02:29:49,960 --> 02:29:50,920 PARTICULARLY THINGS LIKE IF 3713 02:29:50,920 --> 02:29:54,760 YOU DIE IN THE FIRST 30 DAYS, 3714 02:29:54,760 --> 02:29:56,560 THEY BASICALLY FAIL WITH 3715 02:29:56,560 --> 02:30:02,880 SEPSIS OR -- BUT THEY DON'T 3716 02:30:02,880 --> 02:30:04,960 KNOW THE PATH AND GOING BACK 3717 02:30:04,960 --> 02:30:06,440 AND FIGURING OUT HOW YOU WOULD 3718 02:30:06,440 --> 02:30:09,920 HAVE SAVED THAT LIFE. 3719 02:30:09,920 --> 02:30:16,040 WE DON'T DO MUCH ON MENTAL 3720 02:30:16,040 --> 02:30:17,280 ILLNESS. 3721 02:30:17,280 --> 02:30:23,720 THERE ARE DISEASES THAT ARE 3722 02:30:23,720 --> 02:30:28,560 NOT MUCH IN THE RICH WORLD 3723 02:30:28,560 --> 02:30:31,520 LIKE MALARIA BUT THEN YOU HAVE 3724 02:30:31,520 --> 02:30:33,040 HIV THAT DOES EXIST IN THE 3725 02:30:33,040 --> 02:30:38,000 RICH WORLD BECAUSE THERE IS A 3726 02:30:38,000 --> 02:30:39,520 HUGE PROFIT MOTIVATION TO WORK 3727 02:30:39,520 --> 02:30:41,160 ON THOSE THINGS. 3728 02:30:41,160 --> 02:30:44,760 SO IT IS NOT THAT WE'RE NOT 3729 02:30:44,760 --> 02:30:47,800 ABOUT INFECTIOUS DISEASE, 3730 02:30:47,800 --> 02:30:50,960 WE'RE ABOUT ANYTHING WHERE WE 3731 02:30:50,960 --> 02:30:55,320 CAN SAFE A LIFE FOR LIFE'S 3732 02:30:55,320 --> 02:30:57,760 SAKE, BUT SOME DISEASE 3733 02:30:57,760 --> 02:31:00,520 MEDICINES ARE AT THE POINT, 3734 02:31:00,520 --> 02:31:03,160 SOME OF THAT HEART DISEASE 3735 02:31:03,160 --> 02:31:05,360 WORK BEING DONE CALLED RESOLVE 3736 02:31:05,360 --> 02:31:06,240 BUT WE'RE INTERESTED. 3737 02:31:06,240 --> 02:31:08,960 AS THE RICH WORLD MAKES 3738 02:31:08,960 --> 02:31:10,080 PROGRESS AND BRINGS THINGS TO 3739 02:31:10,080 --> 02:31:12,320 BE CHEAP, WE WILL BE READY TO 3740 02:31:12,320 --> 02:31:13,000 GO. 3741 02:31:13,000 --> 02:31:15,600 SOME THINGS WE'RE SO IMPATIENT 3742 02:31:15,600 --> 02:31:18,280 ABOUT, WE ARE -- WE GET INTO 3743 02:31:18,280 --> 02:31:20,800 THE CAUSATION CHANGE THERE. 3744 02:31:20,800 --> 02:31:22,520 SO THIS COLLABORATION ON GENE 3745 02:31:22,520 --> 02:31:24,840 THERAPY WHICH TONY AND FRANCIS 3746 02:31:24,840 --> 02:31:27,000 CHAMPIONED AND IS OFF TO A 3747 02:31:27,000 --> 02:31:31,200 GOOD START, LIKE A DECADE-LONG 3748 02:31:31,200 --> 02:31:34,040 THING, BUT THAT'S TO DO GENE 3749 02:31:34,040 --> 02:31:36,840 THERAPY AT SOMETHING LIKE 3750 02:31:36,840 --> 02:31:39,360 $1000 PER TREATMENT TO CURE 3751 02:31:39,360 --> 02:31:40,640 PATIENTS OF SICKLE-CELL AND 3752 02:31:40,640 --> 02:31:41,000 HIV. 3753 02:31:41,000 --> 02:31:42,600 BECAUSE EVEN THOUGH THE U.S. 3754 02:31:42,600 --> 02:31:45,600 CAN AFFORD -- WELL, MAYBE NOT, 3755 02:31:45,600 --> 02:31:49,080 A MILLION DOLLARS PER 3756 02:31:49,080 --> 02:31:50,800 SICKLE-CELL PATIENT, THE U.S. 3757 02:31:50,800 --> 02:31:53,240 HAS ONLY 80,000, YOU KNOW 3758 02:31:53,240 --> 02:31:56,200 AFRICA HAS MILLIONS AND CAN'T 3759 02:31:56,200 --> 02:31:57,960 POSSIBLY AFFORD AN EXTENSIVE 3760 02:31:57,960 --> 02:31:58,520 TREATMENT. 3761 02:31:58,520 --> 02:32:01,160 AND THEN OF COURSE WITH HIV, 3762 02:32:01,160 --> 02:32:09,800 UNLESS IT IS VERY EXPENSIVE, 3763 02:32:09,800 --> 02:32:10,920 LIFE LONG TREATMENT IS MORE 3764 02:32:10,920 --> 02:32:14,240 ATTRACT I HAVE THIS THAN LIKE 3765 02:32:14,240 --> 02:32:15,120 BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS. 3766 02:32:15,120 --> 02:32:17,080 SO WE WILL TRY TO DRIVE THE 3767 02:32:17,080 --> 02:32:17,680 COSTS TOWN. 3768 02:32:17,680 --> 02:32:19,400 WE WILL END UP SAVING THE U.S. 3769 02:32:19,400 --> 02:32:20,840 GOVERNMENT TENS OF MILLIONS OF 3770 02:32:20,840 --> 02:32:24,520 DOLLARS BUT THAT IS AN 3771 02:32:24,520 --> 02:32:27,480 ACCIDENTAL SIDE-STEP OF THE 3772 02:32:27,480 --> 02:32:28,120 PROGRAM. 3773 02:32:28,120 --> 02:32:28,480 >> JUDITH? 3774 02:32:28,480 --> 02:32:30,120 >> YES, I WILL JUST SAY 3775 02:32:30,120 --> 02:32:33,440 INSPIRING, THANK YOU AND LET'S 3776 02:32:33,440 --> 02:32:34,120 MOVE ON. 3777 02:32:34,120 --> 02:32:34,560 >> THANK YOU. 3778 02:32:34,560 --> 02:32:41,520 >> SO I AM GOING TO ECHO 3779 02:32:41,520 --> 02:32:42,760 SOMETHING THAT C.T.A. SAID 3780 02:32:42,760 --> 02:32:43,880 THAT THE HEALTH DISPARITIES IN 3781 02:32:43,880 --> 02:32:46,200 THE U.S. ARE ALSO EXTREME AND 3782 02:32:46,200 --> 02:32:48,160 I GUESS THE QUESTION IS 3783 02:32:48,160 --> 02:32:49,400 WHETHER OR NOT THE INFORMATION 3784 02:32:49,400 --> 02:32:52,560 YOU ARE GLEANING FROM YOUR 3785 02:32:52,560 --> 02:32:58,200 GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF MALNEWT 3786 02:32:58,200 --> 02:32:59,280 TRICKS AND MICROBIOMES CAN 3787 02:32:59,280 --> 02:33:00,640 TELL US ABOUT THOSE SAME 3788 02:33:00,640 --> 02:33:05,800 THINGS IN THE *ULS AND ARE YOU 3789 02:33:05,800 --> 02:33:06,160 COMPARING? 3790 02:33:06,160 --> 02:33:08,200 THE MICROBIOMES, I WOULD GUESS 3791 02:33:08,200 --> 02:33:09,480 THEY ARE SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT 3792 02:33:09,480 --> 02:33:20,560 FROM MISSOURI MISSISSIPPI AND 3793 02:33:20,560 --> 02:33:22,240 GHANA BUT I DON'T KNOW, IS 3794 02:33:22,240 --> 02:33:24,320 THAT SOMETHING ON YOUR RADAR 3795 02:33:24,320 --> 02:33:26,000 OR DO YOU CONSIDER THE U.S. AS 3796 02:33:26,000 --> 02:33:27,640 PART OF THE GLOBE? 3797 02:33:27,640 --> 02:33:29,000 >> DURING THE PANDEMIC BECAUSE 3798 02:33:29,000 --> 02:33:31,880 WE HAD A LOT OF VACCINE 3799 02:33:31,880 --> 02:33:34,400 EXPERTISE OUTSIDE THE NIH AND 3800 02:33:34,400 --> 02:33:36,160 PRIVATE SECTOR, SIGNIFICANT 3801 02:33:36,160 --> 02:33:38,560 AMOUNT OF VACCINE EXPERTISE 3802 02:33:38,560 --> 02:33:40,960 THERE WAS WITH PEOPLE AT THE 3803 02:33:40,960 --> 02:33:42,160 FOUNDATION, SUPER INVOLVED 3804 02:33:42,160 --> 02:33:43,760 DURING THAT TIME PERIOD AND, 3805 02:33:43,760 --> 02:33:46,560 YOU KNOW, YOU HAVE GOT TO LOOK 3806 02:33:46,560 --> 02:33:47,760 AT THIS IHME DATA. 3807 02:33:47,760 --> 02:33:50,640 SO LIKE TAKE THE FACT THAT 3808 02:33:50,640 --> 02:33:52,560 BLACKS HAVE HIGHER MATERNAL 3809 02:33:52,560 --> 02:33:54,440 MORTALITY, IT HAS NO 3810 02:33:54,440 --> 02:33:55,720 GEOGRAPHIC -- IT IS EQUAL 3811 02:33:55,720 --> 02:33:57,280 ACROSS THE ENTIRE UNITED 3812 02:33:57,280 --> 02:34:00,360 STATES, EVEN IN VERY POOR 3813 02:34:00,360 --> 02:34:07,760 TREATMENT SYSTEMS. 3814 02:34:07,760 --> 02:34:11,080 BUT HIV, THAT IS EXTREMELY 3815 02:34:11,080 --> 02:34:12,480 GRAPHIC. 3816 02:34:12,480 --> 02:34:14,440 TAKE FLORIDA AND GEORGIA. 3817 02:34:14,440 --> 02:34:15,960 THESE DATA SETS, THE FACT SO 3818 02:34:15,960 --> 02:34:17,760 LITTLE ACTION IS TAKEN ON 3819 02:34:17,760 --> 02:34:19,320 THESE DATA SETS IS MIND 3820 02:34:19,320 --> 02:34:19,960 BLOWING. 3821 02:34:19,960 --> 02:34:21,480 THEY ARE THERE, JUST CALLING 3822 02:34:21,480 --> 02:34:22,120 OUT. 3823 02:34:22,120 --> 02:34:24,000 IT IS NOT A FOUNDATION THING. 3824 02:34:24,000 --> 02:34:27,960 WE ARE NOT THE -- I HAPPEN TO 3825 02:34:27,960 --> 02:34:31,160 DO RICH WORLD WORK ON 3826 02:34:31,160 --> 02:34:33,240 ALZHEIMER'S AND WORKED WITH 3827 02:34:33,240 --> 02:34:34,840 NIA AND FUNDING DIAGNOSTIC 3828 02:34:34,840 --> 02:34:36,640 TYPE STUFF BUT THAT IS NOT A 3829 02:34:36,640 --> 02:34:37,880 FOUNDATION THING. 3830 02:34:37,880 --> 02:34:41,760 SO WE'RE NOT, YOU KNOW, THAT 3831 02:34:41,760 --> 02:34:43,680 FOCUSED ALTHOUGH I HAVE TO SAY 3832 02:34:43,680 --> 02:34:45,560 WE DO DO U.S. EDUCATION. 3833 02:34:45,560 --> 02:34:49,360 IF WE DECIDE THE MEDICAL SAVES 3834 02:34:49,360 --> 02:34:52,320 INNER CITY KIDS IN TERMS OF 3835 02:34:52,320 --> 02:34:53,560 STRESS, INFLAMMATION, STUFF 3836 02:34:53,560 --> 02:34:56,520 LIKE THAT THAT CAN HELP THEM 3837 02:34:56,520 --> 02:34:56,960 STUDY BETTER. 3838 02:34:56,960 --> 02:34:59,160 WE HAVE FOUND STARTING SCHOOL 3839 02:34:59,160 --> 02:35:00,160 LATER HELPS THEM SLEEP MORE 3840 02:35:00,160 --> 02:35:03,160 AND THE TEST RESULTS OF THAT 3841 02:35:03,160 --> 02:35:04,560 ARE FAIRLY SIGNIFICANT BUT 3842 02:35:04,560 --> 02:35:06,920 THAT IS A SEMI RELATED THING. 3843 02:35:06,920 --> 02:35:09,160 BUT NO, IT IS NOT A FOCUS OF 3844 02:35:09,160 --> 02:35:11,560 OURS EVEN THOUGH THE PRIMARY 3845 02:35:11,560 --> 02:35:14,920 DATA SETS THAT YOU WOULD START 3846 02:35:14,920 --> 02:35:16,880 WITH, THE IHME DATA SETS, WE 3847 02:35:16,880 --> 02:35:18,760 FUNDED THEM TO DO DEVELOPING 3848 02:35:18,760 --> 02:35:20,160 COUNTRIES BUT THEN THEY CHOSE 3849 02:35:20,160 --> 02:35:27,280 TO DO THE ENTIRE WORLD. 3850 02:35:27,280 --> 02:35:28,680 AND YOU KNOW IT IS THE KIND OF 3851 02:35:28,680 --> 02:35:30,560 THING YOU WOULD HAVE THOUGHT 3852 02:35:30,560 --> 02:35:33,160 CDC WOULD HAVE DONE BUT THEY 3853 02:35:33,160 --> 02:35:33,960 DIDN'T. 3854 02:35:33,960 --> 02:35:35,320 >> I KNOW BEFORE GATES AND 3855 02:35:35,320 --> 02:35:36,840 TONY HAVE HARD STOPS BUT LET'S 3856 02:35:36,840 --> 02:35:38,840 LET THIS BE THE LAST QUESTION. 3857 02:35:38,840 --> 02:35:42,920 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 3858 02:35:42,920 --> 02:35:45,960 SO I WANTED TO TAKE THAT PIVOT 3859 02:35:45,960 --> 02:35:47,920 JUST TO CELEBRATE THE MOMENT 3860 02:35:47,920 --> 02:35:49,800 AROUND THE MALARIA VACCINE AND 3861 02:35:49,800 --> 02:35:51,320 GET YOUR OUTLOOK ON WHAT YOU 3862 02:35:51,320 --> 02:35:52,760 THINK WILL HAPPEN WITH THE 3863 02:35:52,760 --> 02:35:55,040 DISEASE AND HOW THAT MIGHT 3864 02:35:55,040 --> 02:35:56,560 PIVOT AS YOU THINK ABOUT THE 3865 02:35:56,560 --> 02:35:59,640 APPROACH TO IT BECAUSE FROM A 3866 02:35:59,640 --> 02:36:00,200 WORLD LIFE STANDPOINT, 3867 02:36:00,200 --> 02:36:00,800 CONGRATULATIONS TO THE 3868 02:36:00,800 --> 02:36:02,440 COMMUNITY THAT WORKED ON THAT 3869 02:36:02,440 --> 02:36:07,240 VACCINE AND THANKS FOR ALL THE 3870 02:36:07,240 --> 02:36:07,920 OTHER ONES. 3871 02:36:07,920 --> 02:36:13,040 >> YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT THE 3872 02:36:13,040 --> 02:36:14,200 MALARIA ONE? 3873 02:36:14,200 --> 02:36:14,680 [ OFF MIC ] 3874 02:36:14,680 --> 02:36:16,960 >> WE STILL HAVE AN ISSUE WITH 3875 02:36:16,960 --> 02:36:18,520 THE MALARIA VACCINE BECAUSE IT 3876 02:36:18,520 --> 02:36:20,120 IS NOT OPTIMAL AND WHAT WE'RE 3877 02:36:20,120 --> 02:36:22,880 TRYING TO DO RIGHT NOW IS TO 3878 02:36:22,880 --> 02:36:25,160 TRY AND INCORPORATE SOME OF 3879 02:36:25,160 --> 02:36:29,120 THE KNOWLEDGE THAT WE WILL GET 3880 02:36:29,120 --> 02:36:33,760 FROM MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 3881 02:36:33,760 --> 02:36:40,600 THAT HAVE A PRO PROFOUND 3882 02:36:40,600 --> 02:36:41,840 INFECTION ON SUBTYPES. 3883 02:36:41,840 --> 02:36:44,160 AND THE QUESTION IS WHEN WE 3884 02:36:44,160 --> 02:36:49,000 GET THAT WILL WE MODIFY THE 3885 02:36:49,000 --> 02:36:51,400 CURRENT MALARIA VACCINE WHICH 3886 02:36:51,400 --> 02:36:54,960 BILL MENTIONED BUT NOS THE 3887 02:36:54,960 --> 02:36:57,760 NOT THE END GAME AT ALL? 3888 02:36:57,760 --> 02:36:58,960 BECAUSE BILL MENTIONED FOR THE 3889 02:36:58,960 --> 02:37:00,120 AMOUNT OF MONEY IT WOULD TAKE 3890 02:37:00,120 --> 02:37:02,600 TO GET THAT OUT THERE, AS BILL 3891 02:37:02,600 --> 02:37:04,000 SAYS, AND I DON'T THINK HE WAS 3892 02:37:04,000 --> 02:37:07,920 TRYING TO BE MORE FACEIOUS, 3893 02:37:07,920 --> 02:37:09,560 YOU COULD DO BETTER JUST TO 3894 02:37:09,560 --> 02:37:12,400 GET MORE BEDS OUT THERE. 3895 02:37:12,400 --> 02:37:13,560 BUT WE'RE CAUTIOUSLY 3896 02:37:13,560 --> 02:37:14,560 OPTIMISTIC BECAUSE THE DATA 3897 02:37:14,560 --> 02:37:21,560 THAT BILL AND I SAW TODAY ON A 3898 02:37:21,560 --> 02:37:28,240 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY WHICH WAS 3899 02:37:28,240 --> 02:37:29,760 AGAINST ADDITIONAL ECTOSPO REG 3900 02:37:29,760 --> 02:37:30,920 E WAS REALLY GOOD. 3901 02:37:30,920 --> 02:37:33,960 THE QUESTION IS HOW DO YOU 3902 02:37:33,960 --> 02:37:35,040 PRODUCE A ANTIBODY THAT WILL 3903 02:37:35,040 --> 02:37:38,280 LAST MORE THAN THE SIX MONTHS 3904 02:37:38,280 --> 02:37:40,160 OF A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY. 3905 02:37:40,160 --> 02:37:42,080 >> THE SITUATION IS A BIT 3906 02:37:42,080 --> 02:37:43,240 CONFUSING BECAUSE WE HAVE THE 3907 02:37:43,240 --> 02:37:46,880 FOUR YEAR DATA AND IT IS 3908 02:37:46,880 --> 02:37:48,520 PRETTY LOW, LIKE 30 PERCENT 3909 02:37:48,520 --> 02:37:50,360 PROTECTION LEVELS BECAUSE OF 3910 02:37:50,360 --> 02:37:50,960 THE HALF LIFE. 3911 02:37:50,960 --> 02:37:54,520 WE ONLY HAVE ONE-YEAR DATA BUT 3912 02:37:54,520 --> 02:37:57,280 THE ONE-YEAR DATA IS NO BETTER 3913 02:37:57,280 --> 02:38:00,960 THAN THE RTSS ONE-YEAR DATA 3914 02:38:00,960 --> 02:38:05,600 AND WE CAN SEE IT CHICANE. 3915 02:38:05,600 --> 02:38:08,240 EVEN THOUGH WE WILL DO A FEW 3916 02:38:08,240 --> 02:38:09,800 THINGS BETTER AND WE WILL 3917 02:38:09,800 --> 02:38:13,120 PROBABLY BUILD ON R-21, EASIER 3918 02:38:13,120 --> 02:38:15,160 TO MANUFACTURE. 3919 02:38:15,160 --> 02:38:20,200 GSK REALLY EXITED THIS AREA 3920 02:38:20,200 --> 02:38:22,720 WHERE THE INSTITUTE IS 3921 02:38:22,720 --> 02:38:23,200 ACTIVELY ENGAGED. 3922 02:38:23,200 --> 02:38:28,560 SO THERE ARE SOME THINGS LIKE 3923 02:38:28,560 --> 02:38:30,360 THE DOSING SCHEDULE, SOME WORK 3924 02:38:30,360 --> 02:38:34,000 WHERE IF WE HAVE CONTINUOUS 3925 02:38:34,000 --> 02:38:35,440 EXPOSURE, WE MIGHT OVERCOME 3926 02:38:35,440 --> 02:38:36,120 THESE RACIAL PROBLEMS. 3927 02:38:36,120 --> 02:38:38,160 SO IT IS INTRIGUING AND SOME 3928 02:38:38,160 --> 02:38:39,800 PEOPLE THOUGHT WE WOULD NEVER 3929 02:38:39,800 --> 02:38:41,920 HAVE A VACCINE AGAINST THIS 3930 02:38:41,920 --> 02:38:42,560 TYPE OF PATHOGEN. 3931 02:38:42,560 --> 02:38:52,760 SO YOU KNOW WE'RE MAKING 3932 02:38:52,760 --> 02:38:56,760 PROGRESS. 3933 02:38:56,760 --> 02:38:58,800 THE BED ISSUE IS INTERESTING. 3934 02:38:58,800 --> 02:39:03,960 THE SPECIES THAT CAUSES THE 3935 02:39:03,960 --> 02:39:07,880 MOST DEATH, THEY ARE INDOOR BY 3936 02:39:07,880 --> 02:39:09,960 THERS BUT YOU CAN'T JUST FOCUS 3937 02:39:09,960 --> 02:39:13,160 ON THAT BECAUSE HALF OF THEM 3938 02:39:13,160 --> 02:39:21,600 ARE OUTDOOR BITERS. 3939 02:39:21,600 --> 02:39:24,080 SO THE DREAM IS THAT WE CAN GO 3940 02:39:24,080 --> 02:39:25,720 TO THE WORLD AND SAY OKAY, WE 3941 02:39:25,720 --> 02:39:28,760 HAVE THE TOOLS TO DO AN 3942 02:39:28,760 --> 02:39:30,280 ERADICATION BUT TELLING THE 3943 02:39:30,280 --> 02:39:32,680 WORLD THAT, AS WE HAVE SEEN IN 3944 02:39:32,680 --> 02:39:34,240 THE POLIO CASE, IT IS SO HARD 3945 02:39:34,240 --> 02:39:38,360 AND YOU END UP IN THE TOUGHEST 3946 02:39:38,360 --> 02:39:38,720 PLACES. 3947 02:39:38,720 --> 02:39:40,800 WITH MALARIA, THAT MEANS 3948 02:39:40,800 --> 02:39:42,200 CENTRAL AFRICA, NORTHERN 3949 02:39:42,200 --> 02:39:45,360 NIGERIA WHERE YOU HAVE MANY 3950 02:39:45,360 --> 02:39:48,520 CHALLENGES OF GETTING ANYTHING 3951 02:39:48,520 --> 02:39:50,480 TO BE DOWN SERUM ALTHOUGH WE 3952 02:39:50,480 --> 02:39:53,760 DID IT WITH POLIO BUT ONLY 3953 02:39:53,760 --> 02:39:54,720 WITH INCREDIBLE INTERVENTION 3954 02:39:54,720 --> 02:39:57,320 AND WEIGHT AND IT TOOK WAY WAY 3955 02:39:57,320 --> 02:39:58,600 LONGER THAN WE EXPECTED. 3956 02:39:58,600 --> 02:40:02,560 SO YOU KNOW ALL THOSE TOOLS. 3957 02:40:02,560 --> 02:40:06,560 AS TONY SAID THE ANTIBODIES, 3958 02:40:06,560 --> 02:40:09,360 THAT THERAPY IS ABSOLUTELY 3959 02:40:09,360 --> 02:40:09,720 AMAZING. 3960 02:40:09,720 --> 02:40:10,920 >> WE'RE A LITTLE OVER TIME 3961 02:40:10,920 --> 02:40:12,080 BUT THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR 3962 02:40:12,080 --> 02:40:17,920 BEING WITH US, REAL REALLY 3963 02:40:17,920 --> 02:40:19,760 APPRECIATE IT AND CERTAINLY 3964 02:40:19,760 --> 02:40:24,360 LOOK FORWARD TO SUCCESS OF 3965 02:40:24,360 --> 02:40:25,600 COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE 3966 02:40:25,600 --> 02:40:27,240 FOUNDATION AND NIH SO THANK 3967 02:40:27,240 --> 02:40:27,680 YOU. 3968 02:40:27,680 --> 02:40:28,960 >> THANK YOU AND WITH NEW 3969 02:40:28,960 --> 02:40:30,520 PEOPLE COMING IN, WE HOPE TO 3970 02:40:30,520 --> 02:40:32,360 MAINTAIN THE COVERAGE AND TONY 3971 02:40:32,360 --> 02:40:34,160 HAS BEEN PHENOMENAL TO WORK 3972 02:40:34,160 --> 02:40:42,120 WITH SO HE WILL BE MISSED. 3973 02:40:42,120 --> 02:40:42,760 >> THANK YOU. 3974 02:40:42,760 --> 02:40:43,720 >> THANK YOU. 3975 02:40:43,720 --> 02:40:48,040 SO LET'S BE BACK IF WE CAN AT 3976 02:40:48,040 --> 02:42:02,400 1:00 FOR TONY'S PRESENTATION. 3977 02:42:02,400 --> 02:42:05,240 LIKES WE HAVE NEVER SEEN IN 3978 02:42:05,240 --> 02:42:06,000 OVER 100 YEARS WITH CLOSE TO 3979 02:42:06,000 --> 02:42:08,440 700 MILLION CASES IN CLOSE TO 3980 02:42:08,440 --> 02:42:15,280 7 MILLION DEATHS. 3981 02:42:15,280 --> 02:42:15,800 THOSE NUMBERS ARE ALMOST 3982 02:42:15,800 --> 02:42:18,160 CERTAINLY AND UNDERCOUNT AND 3983 02:42:18,160 --> 02:42:20,560 IT IS ESTIMATED THAT DEATHS 3984 02:42:20,560 --> 02:42:24,800 ARE PROBABLY TWO OR THREE FOLD 3985 02:42:24,800 --> 02:42:25,800 MORE THAN THAT BECAUSE OF THE 3986 02:42:25,800 --> 02:42:28,360 REPORTING ISSUES IN SEVERAL 3987 02:42:28,360 --> 02:42:35,520 DEVELOPING NATIONS IN SOUTHERN 3988 02:42:35,520 --> 02:42:35,960 AFRICA. 3989 02:42:35,960 --> 02:42:39,000 SO WHAT ARE SOME OF THE 3990 02:42:39,000 --> 02:42:39,680 LESSONS WE HAVE LEARNED FROM 3991 02:42:39,680 --> 02:42:43,720 OUR EXPERIENCE I HAVE DIVIDED 3992 02:42:43,720 --> 02:42:47,360 INTO SEVEN. 3993 02:42:47,360 --> 02:42:48,280 BUT THESE ARE THE ONES THAT 3994 02:42:48,280 --> 02:42:56,440 ARE THE MOST RELEVANT BUT JUST 3995 02:42:56,440 --> 02:42:57,000 A COUPLE OF QUICK POINTS ON 3996 02:42:57,000 --> 02:42:57,600 EACH BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE 3997 02:42:57,600 --> 02:42:58,120 TIME TO DELVE INTO EACH OF 3998 02:42:58,120 --> 02:42:58,720 THOSE BUT LET'S START OFF WITH 3999 02:42:58,720 --> 02:43:01,240 THE IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL 4000 02:43:01,240 --> 02:43:05,200 INFORMATION SHARING AND 4001 02:43:05,200 --> 02:43:05,800 COLLABORATION IS PROBABLY ONE 4002 02:43:05,800 --> 02:43:08,960 OF THE MOST IMPORTANT THING WE 4003 02:43:08,960 --> 02:43:13,800 NEED TO KNOW NOT ONLY OPEN 4004 02:43:13,800 --> 02:43:17,960 INFORMATION FROM THE GIVEN 4005 02:43:17,960 --> 02:43:18,400 COUNTRY THIS HAVE BEEN 4006 02:43:18,400 --> 02:43:20,480 IMPORTANT IF YOU HAVE A MORE 4007 02:43:20,480 --> 02:43:22,160 ACTIVE OR TRANSPARENT 4008 02:43:22,160 --> 02:43:29,000 AVAILABILITY OF DATA WITH THE 4009 02:43:29,000 --> 02:43:29,600 OUTBREAK OF CHINA BUT IT GOES 4010 02:43:29,600 --> 02:43:37,440 BEYOND THAT AND SURVEILLANCE 4011 02:43:37,440 --> 02:43:38,040 DATA AND GENOMIC DATA THAT IS 4012 02:43:38,040 --> 02:43:40,400 IMPORTANT WITH REGARD TO THE 4013 02:43:40,400 --> 02:43:49,000 EMERGENCE OF THE VARIANCE AND 4014 02:43:49,000 --> 02:43:49,520 REAL-WORLD CLINICAL DATA. 4015 02:43:49,520 --> 02:43:50,000 THE COLLABORATION AND 4016 02:43:50,000 --> 02:43:54,600 IMMEDIATE TRANSPARENCY IS A 4017 02:43:54,600 --> 02:43:59,600 VERY GOOD EXAMPLE SOUTH AFRICA 4018 02:43:59,600 --> 02:44:00,440 HAS BEEN GOOD COLLEAGUES AND 4019 02:44:00,440 --> 02:44:03,360 COLLABORATORS BUT IMMEDIATELY 4020 02:44:03,360 --> 02:44:07,600 WITH THE EMERGENCE OF OMICRON 4021 02:44:07,600 --> 02:44:08,160 IN SOUTH AFRICA THE DATA WAS 4022 02:44:08,160 --> 02:44:17,200 MADE AVAILABLE TO US ON A ZOOM 4023 02:44:17,200 --> 02:44:17,760 CALL IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 4024 02:44:17,760 --> 02:44:18,360 MEETING ON SUNDAY NIGHT AS WE 4025 02:44:18,360 --> 02:44:18,920 ARE TALKING ABOUT IMMEDIATE 4026 02:44:18,920 --> 02:44:19,560 AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION IN 4027 02:44:19,560 --> 02:44:23,800 A TRANSPARENT WAY. 4028 02:44:23,800 --> 02:44:25,840 TO CONTRAST WHAT WE 4029 02:44:25,840 --> 02:44:31,480 EXPERIENCED EARLY ON IN CHINA 4030 02:44:31,480 --> 02:44:32,000 WAS A BAD EXAMPLE EXISTING 4031 02:44:32,000 --> 02:44:33,520 CLINICAL TRIAL STRUCTURE WHAT 4032 02:44:33,520 --> 02:44:36,200 WE MEAN BY THAT IS TO TAKE THE 4033 02:44:36,200 --> 02:44:39,040 RESOURCES YOU ALREADY HAVE 4034 02:44:39,040 --> 02:44:45,120 EVEN FOR ANOTHER DISEASE AND 4035 02:44:45,120 --> 02:44:45,680 REPLICATED IN THE EFFORT YOU 4036 02:44:45,680 --> 02:44:49,840 HAVE TO THE CURRENT CHALLENGE 4037 02:44:49,840 --> 02:44:50,440 PRACTICALLY SPEAKING WHAT DOES 4038 02:44:50,440 --> 02:44:54,280 THAT MEAN FOR US? 4039 02:44:54,280 --> 02:44:58,720 WE HAVE SPENT LITERALLY 4040 02:44:58,720 --> 02:45:00,240 DECADES BUILDING AN 4041 02:45:00,240 --> 02:45:04,840 INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL TRIAL 4042 02:45:04,840 --> 02:45:05,200 NETWORK FOR HIV. 4043 02:45:05,200 --> 02:45:05,800 WHAT WE DID IN THE BEGINNING 4044 02:45:05,800 --> 02:45:08,320 OF THE OUTBREAK WITH THE 4045 02:45:08,320 --> 02:45:10,920 LEADING CLINICAL TRIALS FOR 4046 02:45:10,920 --> 02:45:18,040 VACCINES AND THERAPEUTICS INTO 4047 02:45:18,040 --> 02:45:22,720 THE COVID PREVENTION NETWORK 4048 02:45:22,720 --> 02:45:30,440 BY MERGING WITH THE CLINICAL 4049 02:45:30,440 --> 02:45:37,040 TRIAL AND WITH THAT PREVENTION 4050 02:45:37,040 --> 02:45:38,400 NETWORK BROADER DEFECT 4051 02:45:38,400 --> 02:45:39,000 INFECTIOUS DISEASES CONSORTIUM 4052 02:45:39,000 --> 02:45:44,800 AND A LARGE A CALL CHILD YOUR 4053 02:45:44,800 --> 02:45:46,360 LINKING TO THE COVID-19 4054 02:45:46,360 --> 02:45:47,760 PREVENTION NETWORK VERY 4055 02:45:47,760 --> 02:45:55,400 IMPORTANT SUCCESS STORY CAP 4056 02:45:55,400 --> 02:45:55,960 NEXT HAVE A SUCCESS STORY WE 4057 02:45:55,960 --> 02:45:56,800 NEED TO MAKE SURE WE DON'T 4058 02:45:56,800 --> 02:46:03,640 SIDE OF IS THE SCIENTIFIC IT 4059 02:46:03,640 --> 02:46:04,200 AND ENABLE THE RAPID VACCINE 4060 02:46:04,200 --> 02:46:04,800 DEVELOPMENT IF THERE IS ONE 4061 02:46:04,800 --> 02:46:06,720 THING WE DON'T WANT TO GET 4062 02:46:06,720 --> 02:46:10,520 LOST SOME OF THE CHALLENGING 4063 02:46:10,520 --> 02:46:11,120 IF NOT DISAPPOINTING ISSUES IS 4064 02:46:11,120 --> 02:46:12,720 WHY IT WAS SO IMPORTANT TO 4065 02:46:12,720 --> 02:46:16,000 MAINTAIN A SUSTAINED 4066 02:46:16,000 --> 02:46:19,400 INVESTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL 4067 02:46:19,400 --> 02:46:22,640 RESEARCH? 4068 02:46:22,640 --> 02:46:23,120 I WROTE ABOUT THIS IN 4069 02:46:23,120 --> 02:46:23,680 APRIL 2021 ISSUE OF SCIENCE 4070 02:46:23,680 --> 02:46:25,680 WHEN I SAID THE SPEED AND 4071 02:46:25,680 --> 02:46:28,600 EFFICIENCY WITH WHICH IS 4072 02:46:28,600 --> 02:46:31,160 HIGHLY EFFICACIOUS VACCINES 4073 02:46:31,160 --> 02:46:34,280 WORD DEVELOP THE POTENTIAL FOR 4074 02:46:34,280 --> 02:46:36,240 SAVING MILLIONS OF LIVES WITH 4075 02:46:36,240 --> 02:46:37,080 EXTRAORDINARY 4076 02:46:37,080 --> 02:46:40,120 MULTIDISCIPLINARY EFFORT 4077 02:46:40,120 --> 02:46:40,680 INVOLVING BASIC PRECLINICAL 4078 02:46:40,680 --> 02:46:43,960 AND CLINICAL SCIENCE BEEN OUT 4079 02:46:43,960 --> 02:46:45,840 OF THE SPOTLIGHT FOR DECADES 4080 02:46:45,840 --> 02:46:47,760 BEFORE THE UNFOLDING OF THE 4081 02:46:47,760 --> 02:46:53,000 COVID-19 PANDEMIC. 4082 02:46:53,000 --> 02:46:56,000 FROM PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES FOR 4083 02:46:56,000 --> 02:46:57,320 VACCINES ALTER THE STRUCTURE 4084 02:46:57,320 --> 02:47:05,160 -BASED DESIGN THAT IS NOW THE 4085 02:47:05,160 --> 02:47:07,920 IMMUNOGEN USED FOR ALL OF THE 4086 02:47:07,920 --> 02:47:08,520 VACCINES THIS IS SO IMPORTANT 4087 02:47:08,520 --> 02:47:11,880 THAT SCIENCE MAGAZINE DEEMED 4088 02:47:11,880 --> 02:47:15,480 THAT EFFORT THE SCIENTIFIC 4089 02:47:15,480 --> 02:47:16,320 BREAKTHROUGH OF THE YEAR FOR 4090 02:47:16,320 --> 02:47:19,160 2020 RESULTING AS SHOWN HERE 4091 02:47:19,160 --> 02:47:27,000 INTO A NUMBER OF VACCINES 4092 02:47:27,000 --> 02:47:27,520 USING MULTIPLE DIFFERENT 4093 02:47:27,520 --> 02:47:28,080 PLATFORMS MULTIPLE DIFFERENT 4094 02:47:28,080 --> 02:47:28,600 DEVELOPERS SEVERAL OF WHOM 4095 02:47:28,600 --> 02:47:29,120 HAVE ALREADY BEEN FULLY 4096 02:47:29,120 --> 02:47:32,600 APPROVED AND OTHERS ARE STILL 4097 02:47:32,600 --> 02:47:35,440 ON EMERGENCY USE 4098 02:47:35,440 --> 02:47:38,120 AUTHORIZATION. 4099 02:47:38,120 --> 02:47:42,200 NEXT, THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT 4100 02:47:42,200 --> 02:47:42,800 THIS IS THE DIRECTION NIH HAS 4101 02:47:42,800 --> 02:47:43,720 BEEN GOING THE PAST COUPLE OF 4102 02:47:43,720 --> 02:47:44,760 YEARS. 4103 02:47:44,760 --> 02:47:48,600 BOTH THE PROTOTYPE AND 4104 02:47:48,600 --> 02:47:54,440 PRIORITY PATHOGEN APPROACH 4105 02:47:54,440 --> 02:47:55,000 , WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THAT? 4106 02:47:55,000 --> 02:47:57,480 THE PRIORITY PATHOGEN APPROACH 4107 02:47:57,480 --> 02:48:00,000 YOU SELECT THE PATHOGEN ITSELF 4108 02:48:00,000 --> 02:48:02,680 YOU FEEL HAS A GOOD CHANCE OF 4109 02:48:02,680 --> 02:48:06,840 THE EMERGING INTO AN EPIDEMIC 4110 02:48:06,840 --> 02:48:13,400 FORM THE BLUEPRINT HAS PICKED 4111 02:48:13,400 --> 02:48:13,880 OUT A NUMBER OF PRIORITY 4112 02:48:13,880 --> 02:48:14,360 DISEASES THAT HAVE THE 4113 02:48:14,360 --> 02:48:17,840 POTENTIAL AT ANY TIME TO 4114 02:48:17,840 --> 02:48:25,040 BECOME PANDEMIC AND WE ALREADY 4115 02:48:25,040 --> 02:48:27,440 KNOW ABOUT THE CORONAVIRUS 4116 02:48:27,440 --> 02:48:30,520 SINCE WE ARE LIVING THROUGH 4117 02:48:30,520 --> 02:48:33,000 THAT AS WELL AS ISSUES LIKE 4118 02:48:33,000 --> 02:48:35,000 EBOLA. 4119 02:48:35,000 --> 02:48:38,320 BUT WHAT WE FEEL IS EVEN MORE 4120 02:48:38,320 --> 02:48:42,640 IMPORTANT IS THE PROTOTYPE 4121 02:48:42,640 --> 02:48:49,120 PATHOGEN APPROACH WHICH MEANS 4122 02:48:49,120 --> 02:48:50,160 WHAT YOU DO IS SELECT FAMILIES 4123 02:48:50,160 --> 02:48:56,520 OF VIRUSES IT CAN BE ANY 4124 02:48:56,520 --> 02:48:57,080 PATHOGEN BUT FOR THE SAKE OF 4125 02:48:57,080 --> 02:49:00,160 CLARITY IT IS VIRUSES IN WHICH 4126 02:49:00,160 --> 02:49:00,680 YOU DO A NUMBER OF BASIC 4127 02:49:00,680 --> 02:49:03,280 STUDIES IN EACH OF THE 4128 02:49:03,280 --> 02:49:06,120 FAMILIES AND BUILD ON PRIOR 4129 02:49:06,120 --> 02:49:07,840 EXPERIENCE WITHIN THAT 4130 02:49:07,840 --> 02:49:15,800 PARTICULAR FAMILY. 4131 02:49:15,800 --> 02:49:16,320 THERE ARE 20 FAMILIES OF 4132 02:49:16,320 --> 02:49:16,800 VIRUSES THAT HAVE THE 4133 02:49:16,800 --> 02:49:18,880 POSSIBILITY OF CONDEMNING 4134 02:49:18,880 --> 02:49:26,000 OUTBREAK. 4135 02:49:26,000 --> 02:49:26,560 OF THOSE, SEVEN OR EIGHT ARE 4136 02:49:26,560 --> 02:49:27,120 OF THE HIGHER RISK AND SHOWN 4137 02:49:27,120 --> 02:49:27,440 ON THE SLIDE. 4138 02:49:27,440 --> 02:49:31,840 WITH THAT PROTOTYPE PATHOGEN 4139 02:49:31,840 --> 02:49:37,760 APPROACH IS THE STUDY 4140 02:49:37,760 --> 02:49:38,280 INDIVIDUAL VIRUSES IN THE 4141 02:49:38,280 --> 02:49:38,680 FAMILY LOOKING FOR 4142 02:49:38,680 --> 02:49:39,280 COMMONALITIES FOR YOU TO MOVE 4143 02:49:39,280 --> 02:49:43,000 VERY QUICKLY SHED A PARTICULAR 4144 02:49:43,000 --> 02:49:47,000 MEMBER OF THAT FAMILY EMERGE 4145 02:49:47,000 --> 02:49:50,880 TO BE A PANDEMIC WE SAW THAT 4146 02:49:50,880 --> 02:49:53,600 WITH THE CORONAVIRUS AND WHAT 4147 02:49:53,600 --> 02:49:59,120 WE LEARNED FROM THE WORK IN 4148 02:49:59,120 --> 02:50:03,200 2002 SARS COVE E1 AND THAT 4149 02:50:03,200 --> 02:50:06,200 ALLOWED US TO THE GROUND 4150 02:50:06,200 --> 02:50:08,880 RUNNING THE UNPRECEDENTED 4151 02:50:08,880 --> 02:50:14,120 SPEED TO DEVELOP THE VACCINE 4152 02:50:14,120 --> 02:50:17,160 OF COVID-19 SO WHAT DID WE 4153 02:50:17,160 --> 02:50:18,240 LEARN? 4154 02:50:18,240 --> 02:50:26,480 THE FUNDAMENTAL TESTING THE 4155 02:50:26,480 --> 02:50:30,480 DEVELOPMENT THE OPTIMAL 4156 02:50:30,480 --> 02:50:32,560 PLATFORMS POTENTIAL IMMUNE 4157 02:50:32,560 --> 02:50:34,160 CORRELATES DIFFERENT FROM 4158 02:50:34,160 --> 02:50:40,840 MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES. 4159 02:50:40,840 --> 02:50:41,400 NEXT THE IMPORTANCE WE HAVE 4160 02:50:41,400 --> 02:50:47,600 LEARNED THIS VERY CLEARLY 4161 02:50:47,600 --> 02:50:52,000 CONTINUED SURVEILLANCE IS 4162 02:50:52,000 --> 02:50:55,000 CRITICAL MY COLLEAGUE AND I 4163 02:50:55,000 --> 02:51:00,080 WROTE A COMMENTARY IN 4164 02:51:00,080 --> 02:51:03,400 SEPTEMBER 2020 IN WHICH WE 4165 02:51:03,400 --> 02:51:05,840 STRESS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE 4166 02:51:05,840 --> 02:51:08,880 FACT THAT IN A HUMAN DOMINATED 4167 02:51:08,880 --> 02:51:13,000 WORLD OUR AGGRESSIVE AND 4168 02:51:13,000 --> 02:51:15,600 UNBALANCED INTERACTION WITH 4169 02:51:15,600 --> 02:51:23,120 NATURE MAY ENCROACH AND WORD 4170 02:51:23,120 --> 02:51:26,160 PROVOKE NEW DISEASE 4171 02:51:26,160 --> 02:51:29,960 EMERGENCIES. 4172 02:51:29,960 --> 02:51:33,600 AND WHERE WE STUDY THE CONTEXT 4173 02:51:33,600 --> 02:51:36,400 OF THAT CONNECTION BETWEEN 4174 02:51:36,400 --> 02:51:45,680 ANIMAL PATHOGENS AND 4175 02:51:45,680 --> 02:51:46,160 75 PERCENT OF THE NEW 4176 02:51:46,160 --> 02:51:46,760 PATHOGENS THAT ARE EMERGING IN 4177 02:51:46,760 --> 02:51:51,440 HUMANS ARE ORIGINALLY ZOONOTIC 4178 02:51:51,440 --> 02:51:52,280 MEETING ORIGINATED FROM AN 4179 02:51:52,280 --> 02:51:55,800 ANIMAL RESERVOIR. 4180 02:51:55,800 --> 02:51:56,400 LOOKING AT WHAT WE ARE DEALING 4181 02:51:56,400 --> 02:51:58,880 WITH NOW SOME VERY IMPORTANT 4182 02:51:58,880 --> 02:52:08,360 PAPERS AND EVERYONE KEEPS AN 4183 02:52:08,360 --> 02:52:14,480 OPEN MIND AS TO THE ORIGIN 4184 02:52:14,480 --> 02:52:23,240 WITH A NATURAL OCCURRENCE. 4185 02:52:23,240 --> 02:52:25,680 AND WITH THAT REVOLUTIONARY 4186 02:52:25,680 --> 02:52:28,720 VIOLENCE VIROLOGIST AND 4187 02:52:28,720 --> 02:52:30,920 PUBLISHED THE MOST LIKELY 4188 02:52:30,920 --> 02:52:31,400 ORIGIN IS WHAT WE ARE 4189 02:52:31,400 --> 02:52:33,000 REFERRING TO AS A NATURAL 4190 02:52:33,000 --> 02:52:35,920 OCCURRENCE FROM AN ANIMAL 4191 02:52:35,920 --> 02:52:37,480 RESERVOIR TO A HUMAN AND THEN 4192 02:52:37,480 --> 02:52:41,200 ADAPTING ITSELF TO 4193 02:52:41,200 --> 02:52:43,200 TRANSMISSION AMONG HUMANS 4194 02:52:43,200 --> 02:52:45,240 NEVERTHELESS LONG-STANDING 4195 02:52:45,240 --> 02:52:49,000 SYSTEMIC INEQUITIES DRIVE 4196 02:52:49,000 --> 02:52:54,920 PANDEMIC DISPARITIES. 4197 02:52:54,920 --> 02:53:01,240 SOME OF OUR OWN I WITH THOSE 4198 02:53:01,240 --> 02:53:04,080 DISPARITIES ARE OBSERVED 4199 02:53:04,080 --> 02:53:05,240 AMOUNT AND WHEN WE DO HAVE 4200 02:53:05,240 --> 02:53:12,080 DATA VERY LIKELY PACIFIC 4201 02:53:12,080 --> 02:53:13,960 ISLANDERS. 4202 02:53:13,960 --> 02:53:22,520 THOSE THAT DRIVE DISPARITIES 4203 02:53:22,520 --> 02:53:28,080 LIMITED HEALTHCARE ACCESS 4204 02:53:28,080 --> 02:53:32,760 OCCUPATIONS DISPROPORTIONATELY 4205 02:53:32,760 --> 02:53:33,360 INVOLVED IN ESSENTIAL WORK OF 4206 02:53:33,360 --> 02:53:34,880 THE MINORITY POPULATIONS WHICH 4207 02:53:34,880 --> 02:53:37,880 DOES NOT ALLOW THEM TO WORK 4208 02:53:37,880 --> 02:53:43,600 REMOTELY THERE IS THAT INCOME 4209 02:53:43,600 --> 02:53:46,360 AND WEALTH GAPS WITH THINGS 4210 02:53:46,360 --> 02:53:49,600 SUCH AS HOUSING SOME PEOPLE 4211 02:53:49,600 --> 02:53:50,840 WHO LIVE IN CROWDED CONDITIONS 4212 02:53:50,840 --> 02:53:57,480 IT'S VERY HARD WITH PREVENTION 4213 02:53:57,480 --> 02:54:01,040 STRATEGIES. 4214 02:54:01,040 --> 02:54:01,600 MISINFORMATION IS THE TRUE 4215 02:54:01,600 --> 02:54:08,240 ENEMY OF A PANDEMIC. 4216 02:54:08,240 --> 02:54:08,720 THESE ARE A COUPLE OF 4217 02:54:08,720 --> 02:54:11,320 SELECTIVE INDICATIONS AND 4218 02:54:11,320 --> 02:54:15,800 EXAMPLES THE ALMOST LUDICROUS 4219 02:54:15,800 --> 02:54:19,840 MISINFORMATION WITH BILL GATES 4220 02:54:19,840 --> 02:54:20,520 AND I AT THE MEETING A COUPLE 4221 02:54:20,520 --> 02:54:25,720 OF HOURS AGO WE ALWAYS JOKE 4222 02:54:25,720 --> 02:54:26,120 ABOUT THE FACT THE 4223 02:54:26,120 --> 02:54:30,040 MISINFORMATION LYING OUT THERE 4224 02:54:30,040 --> 02:54:31,120 CONTINUES TO HAVE BILL AND I 4225 02:54:31,120 --> 02:54:34,560 PUTTING CHIPS INTO VACCINES SO 4226 02:54:34,560 --> 02:54:37,280 WE CAN CONTROL PEOPLE'S 4227 02:54:37,280 --> 02:54:39,800 THOUGHTS THAT IS A PRETTY GOOD 4228 02:54:39,800 --> 02:54:43,240 DISINCENTIVE FOR PEOPLE WHO 4229 02:54:43,240 --> 02:54:43,840 BELIEVE THAT TO BE VACCINATED 4230 02:54:43,840 --> 02:54:49,760 BUT AS JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF 4231 02:54:49,760 --> 02:54:51,720 MISINFORMATION AND 4232 02:54:51,720 --> 02:55:01,680 DISINFORMATION SO BEYOND 2022 4233 02:55:01,680 --> 02:55:02,240 WHERE WE GOING WITH THIS AND 4234 02:55:02,240 --> 02:55:05,720 WHAT CAN WE EXPECT? 4235 02:55:05,720 --> 02:55:13,400 CAN WE ERADICATE I WOULD BE 4236 02:55:13,400 --> 02:55:28,000 ASTOUNDED IF WE ELIMINATED 4237 02:55:28,000 --> 02:55:28,560 SARS/COV2 AND IMPORTANTLY 4238 02:55:28,560 --> 02:55:35,200 EITHER VACCINE OR INFECTION IS 4239 02:55:35,200 --> 02:55:35,720 MEASURED IN DECADES AND 4240 02:55:35,720 --> 02:55:36,240 SOMETIMES FOR A LIFETIME. 4241 02:55:36,240 --> 02:55:41,160 THAT ALLOWED US TO ERADICATE. 4242 02:55:41,160 --> 02:55:41,720 THE NEXT QUESTION IS CAN YOU 4243 02:55:41,720 --> 02:55:42,000 ELIMINATE? 4244 02:55:42,000 --> 02:55:50,520 AGAIN I DOUBT AND WE HAVE 4245 02:55:50,520 --> 02:55:52,960 ELIMINATED TO VIRUSES OF 4246 02:55:52,960 --> 02:55:55,000 IMPORTANCE EVER OWN SOCIETY 4247 02:55:55,000 --> 02:56:02,280 POLIO AND MEASLES BUT THOSE 4248 02:56:02,280 --> 02:56:02,840 ARE PHENOTYPICALLY STABLE WE 4249 02:56:02,840 --> 02:56:04,240 DON'T HAVE FIVE OR SIX 4250 02:56:04,240 --> 02:56:08,440 VARIANCE LIKE WE DO WITH 4251 02:56:08,440 --> 02:56:14,720 SARS/COV2 BUT INFECTION AND 4252 02:56:14,720 --> 02:56:15,280 VACCINE -INDUCED IMMUNITY IS 4253 02:56:15,280 --> 02:56:17,240 MEASURED IN DECADES AND OVER A 4254 02:56:17,240 --> 02:56:17,840 LIFETIME SO WITH SARS/COV2 WE 4255 02:56:17,840 --> 02:56:23,120 HAVE A PROBLEM AND 4256 02:56:23,120 --> 02:56:25,920 EVOLUTIONARY DIVERSE VARIANT 4257 02:56:25,920 --> 02:56:27,800 FIVE OR SIX OF THE HOME BUT 4258 02:56:27,800 --> 02:56:34,600 ALSO THE WAITING VACCINE AND 4259 02:56:34,600 --> 02:56:35,160 INFECTION INDUCED IMMUNITY WHY 4260 02:56:35,160 --> 02:56:35,720 WE KEEP TALKING ABOUT THE 4261 02:56:35,720 --> 02:56:36,840 IMPORTANCE OF STAYING UPDATED 4262 02:56:36,840 --> 02:56:41,280 ON YOUR BOOSTER SHOTS BECAUSE 4263 02:56:41,280 --> 02:56:43,800 IF WE DO THAT WE CAN GAIN A 4264 02:56:43,800 --> 02:56:48,800 LEVEL OF CONTROL THAT THE 4265 02:56:48,800 --> 02:56:49,680 INFECTION IN THE COMMUNITY IS 4266 02:56:49,680 --> 02:56:55,120 LOW ENOUGH IT DOES NOT DISTURB 4267 02:56:55,120 --> 02:57:00,760 THE SOCIAL ORDER. 4268 02:57:00,760 --> 02:57:03,760 AND WHAT DO WE MEAN BY 4269 02:57:03,760 --> 02:57:07,240 CONTROL? 4270 02:57:07,240 --> 02:57:08,280 SOUND SEE THAT AS A RETURN TO 4271 02:57:08,280 --> 02:57:13,400 NORMALCY AND IT DOESN'T 4272 02:57:13,400 --> 02:57:25,440 DISRUPT SOCIETY. 4273 02:57:25,440 --> 02:57:26,000 SO IT CAN BE DONE THAT SHOWN 4274 02:57:26,000 --> 02:57:26,960 ON THE LEFT-HAND PART OF THE 4275 02:57:26,960 --> 02:57:27,480 SLIDE WE HAVE TO IMPLEMENT 4276 02:57:27,480 --> 02:57:29,800 COMMON SENSE VOLUNTARY MASKING 4277 02:57:29,800 --> 02:57:35,120 WHERE APPROPRIATE AND THAT 4278 02:57:35,120 --> 02:57:39,200 REQUIREMENT FOR INTIMATE 4279 02:57:39,200 --> 02:57:39,800 VACCINATION WHICH IS THE MOST 4280 02:57:39,800 --> 02:57:42,720 IMPORTANT AS WELL AS THE USE 4281 02:57:42,720 --> 02:57:44,760 OR THE PRUDENT USE OF 4282 02:57:44,760 --> 02:57:48,600 INTERVENTION SUCH AS 4283 02:57:48,600 --> 02:57:49,120 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES SO I 4284 02:57:49,120 --> 02:57:54,560 WILL CLOSE UP THE LAST SLIDE 4285 02:57:54,560 --> 02:57:55,160 PAPER THAT MY COLLEAGUES AND I 4286 02:57:55,160 --> 02:57:55,760 WROTE ABOUT 14 YEARS AGO THIS 4287 02:57:55,760 --> 02:57:58,320 PAST MONTH. 4288 02:57:58,320 --> 02:58:03,640 WE ENTITLED THE EMERGING 4289 02:58:03,640 --> 02:58:04,240 INFECTIONS IN THE MESSAGE AND 4290 02:58:04,240 --> 02:58:05,000 BOTTOM LINE OF THAT PAPER IS 4291 02:58:05,000 --> 02:58:07,920 THAT WE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN 4292 02:58:07,920 --> 02:58:09,640 CHALLENGED BY EMERGING 4293 02:58:09,640 --> 02:58:13,000 INFECTIONS WE ARE CHALLENGED 4294 02:58:13,000 --> 02:58:18,400 BY THEM NOW AND WE CERTAINLY 4295 02:58:18,400 --> 02:58:25,960 WILL BE CHALLENGED IN THE 4296 02:58:25,960 --> 02:58:26,560 FUTURE THAT'S WHY WE ENTITLED 4297 02:58:26,560 --> 02:58:27,280 THAT A PERPETUAL CHALLENGE AND 4298 02:58:27,280 --> 02:58:30,080 THE ONLY WAY TO MEET A 4299 02:58:30,080 --> 02:58:31,120 PERPETUAL CHALLENGE IS TO BE 4300 02:58:31,120 --> 02:58:35,600 PERPETUALLY PREPARED AND THAT 4301 02:58:35,600 --> 02:58:36,200 IS THE ONE UNDERLYING MESSAGE 4302 02:58:36,200 --> 02:58:39,400 OF THE LESSONS THAT WE LEARN 4303 02:58:39,400 --> 02:58:40,400 WE MUST BE PERPETUALLY 4304 02:58:40,400 --> 02:58:40,680 PREPARED. 4305 02:58:40,680 --> 02:58:50,640 THANK YOU. 4306 02:58:50,640 --> 02:58:58,840 >> I WILL TURN IT TO THE 4307 02:58:58,840 --> 02:58:59,400 MEMBERS TO SEE IF THERE ANY 4308 02:58:59,400 --> 02:59:15,520 QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS. 4309 02:59:15,520 --> 02:59:16,120 >> AND THIS DEEPEST GRATITUDE 4310 02:59:16,120 --> 02:59:16,800 FOR ALL YOU HAVE DONE FOR ALL 4311 02:59:16,800 --> 02:59:20,200 OF US AND CONTINUE TO DO. 4312 02:59:20,200 --> 02:59:28,240 COMING BACK TO THE PATHOGEN OF 4313 02:59:28,240 --> 02:59:34,720 MISINFORMATION AND WITH THE 4314 02:59:34,720 --> 02:59:35,320 THAT ON MANY LEVELS HOW DO YOU 4315 02:59:35,320 --> 02:59:43,600 THINK IT'S POSSIBLE TO ADDRESS 4316 02:59:43,600 --> 02:59:44,520 THAT AND PREEMPT THAT? 4317 02:59:44,520 --> 02:59:53,560 >> ONE THING THAT IS VERY 4318 02:59:53,560 --> 03:00:05,000 CLEAR THAT PROCESS OF SCIENCE 4319 03:00:05,000 --> 03:00:09,800 AND PEOPLE ARE NOT USE TO THAT 4320 03:00:09,800 --> 03:00:14,600 DATA INTERPRETATION AND INTO 4321 03:00:14,600 --> 03:00:16,560 CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING AND 4322 03:00:16,560 --> 03:00:25,120 LEARNING AS YOU GO IS AN 4323 03:00:25,120 --> 03:00:25,640 OPPORTUNITY TO EDUCATE THE 4324 03:00:25,640 --> 03:00:27,760 PUBLIC AND THE MEDIA? 4325 03:00:27,760 --> 03:00:31,160 >> YOU MAKE A COUPLE OF REALLY 4326 03:00:31,160 --> 03:00:35,800 GOOD POINTS MISINFORMATION AND 4327 03:00:35,800 --> 03:00:41,960 DISINFORMATION SOMERSET FRANK 4328 03:00:41,960 --> 03:00:42,560 MALICIOUS EVEN THOSE WHO KNOW 4329 03:00:42,560 --> 03:00:50,800 BETTER -- IS THE FACT THAT ONE 4330 03:00:50,800 --> 03:00:51,720 OF THE THINGS WE CAN DO IS BE 4331 03:00:51,720 --> 03:00:55,800 VERY ENERGETIC TO COUNTER THE 4332 03:00:55,800 --> 03:00:56,400 MISINFORMATION BY FLOODING THE 4333 03:00:56,400 --> 03:00:57,600 SYSTEM WITH CORRECT 4334 03:00:57,600 --> 03:01:00,880 INFORMATION IF THERE IS 4335 03:01:00,880 --> 03:01:03,720 ANYTHING IS WHAT YOU ARE 4336 03:01:03,720 --> 03:01:14,320 ALLUDING TO SO WHAT HAPPENS IN 4337 03:01:14,320 --> 03:01:17,520 JANUARY 2020 THE VIRUS WAS A 4338 03:01:17,520 --> 03:01:21,920 BIT DIFFERENT FROM JULY FROM 4339 03:01:21,920 --> 03:01:22,520 THE VIRUS WE ARE DEALING WITH 4340 03:01:22,520 --> 03:01:30,160 RIGHT NOW. 4341 03:01:30,160 --> 03:01:31,200 GOING FROM A POORLY 4342 03:01:31,200 --> 03:01:34,120 TRANSMITTED VIRUS TO A WELL 4343 03:01:34,120 --> 03:01:45,760 TRANSMITTED VIRUS TRENDS TIRED 4344 03:01:45,760 --> 03:01:46,280 FROM THOSE WHO DON'T HAVE 4345 03:01:46,280 --> 03:01:46,920 SYMPTOMS THAT GREATLY 4346 03:01:46,920 --> 03:01:48,800 INFLUENCES YOUR GUIDELINES AND 4347 03:01:48,800 --> 03:01:50,560 ADVICE AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4348 03:01:50,560 --> 03:01:59,440 THAT YOU MAKE. 4349 03:01:59,440 --> 03:02:00,040 THAT SCIENCE FROM THE OUTBREAK 4350 03:02:00,040 --> 03:02:04,160 IS A DYNAMIC PROCESS IT ISN'T 4351 03:02:04,160 --> 03:02:04,640 STATIC I GIVE A SPECIFIC 4352 03:02:04,640 --> 03:02:11,400 EXAMPLE TO SAY THE 4353 03:02:11,400 --> 03:02:11,920 JANUARY 2022 PLUS 2 EQUALS 4354 03:02:11,920 --> 03:02:16,360 FOUR BUT DECEMBER 2222 PLUS 2 4355 03:02:16,360 --> 03:02:18,200 STILL EQUALS FOUR HOWEVER THE 4356 03:02:18,200 --> 03:02:20,800 VIRUS IN 2020 IS VERY 4357 03:02:20,800 --> 03:02:22,800 DIFFERENT FROM THE VIRUS NOW. 4358 03:02:22,800 --> 03:02:26,800 SO YOU CANNOT HOLD STRICT 4359 03:02:26,800 --> 03:02:27,320 MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES 4360 03:02:27,320 --> 03:02:29,880 REVOLUTION DEALING WITH 4361 03:02:29,880 --> 03:02:30,520 BIOLOGY. 4362 03:02:30,520 --> 03:02:31,480 WE HAVE TO DO A BETTER JOB TO 4363 03:02:31,480 --> 03:02:44,480 COMMUNICATE THAT. 4364 03:02:44,480 --> 03:02:50,680 >> SPEAKING OF MISINFORMATION 4365 03:02:50,680 --> 03:02:53,320 IT IS CLEAR THERE ARE MANY 4366 03:02:53,320 --> 03:03:00,640 PEOPLE THAT DON'T BELIEVE THAT 4367 03:03:00,640 --> 03:03:01,160 VACCINES ARE EFFECTIVE BUT 4368 03:03:01,160 --> 03:03:06,640 THAT THEY ARE HARMFUL. 4369 03:03:06,640 --> 03:03:07,120 SO COULD YOU GIVE ME A 4370 03:03:07,120 --> 03:03:11,960 CITATION OF A PAPER THAT COULD 4371 03:03:11,960 --> 03:03:12,280 COUNTER THAT? 4372 03:03:12,280 --> 03:03:15,320 SO WHAT IS THE BEST EVIDENCE 4373 03:03:15,320 --> 03:03:16,360 IN YOUR MIND AND A SIMPLE 4374 03:03:16,360 --> 03:03:21,360 STRAIGHTFORWARD WAY WHAT IS 4375 03:03:21,360 --> 03:03:24,280 THE EFFICACY OF THE MRNA 4376 03:03:24,280 --> 03:03:28,160 VACCINE? 4377 03:03:28,160 --> 03:03:34,480 >> WE WILL GET THEM TO YOU. 4378 03:03:34,480 --> 03:03:36,400 PLEASE REMIND US WITH THE 4379 03:03:36,400 --> 03:03:40,320 SUMMARY DATA WITH MOTOR NOT 4380 03:03:40,320 --> 03:03:46,000 ONE -- THERE IS A STUDY ON THE 4381 03:03:46,000 --> 03:03:51,360 CDC WEBSITE THEY SHALL BE 4382 03:03:51,360 --> 03:03:54,520 VACCINATED VERSUS VACCINATED 4383 03:03:54,520 --> 03:03:56,240 AND LISTED IN THE 4384 03:03:56,240 --> 03:03:58,200 HOSPITALIZATIONS AND DEAF YOU 4385 03:03:58,200 --> 03:03:58,800 DON'T NEED A STATISTICIAN TO 4386 03:03:58,800 --> 03:04:03,040 FIGURE IT OUT IS FOR EVERYBODY 4387 03:04:03,040 --> 03:04:05,800 TO SEE. 4388 03:04:05,800 --> 03:04:07,800 CDC.GOV. 4389 03:04:07,800 --> 03:04:08,760 >> BUT THOSE WHO ARE CONCERNED 4390 03:04:08,760 --> 03:04:13,880 ABOUT THIS? 4391 03:04:13,880 --> 03:04:14,480 >> I THINK IF YOU TELL THEM TO 4392 03:04:14,480 --> 03:04:15,000 GO THEY DON'T BELIEVE IT. 4393 03:04:15,000 --> 03:04:19,080 THAT IS THE PROBLEM BUT 4394 03:04:19,080 --> 03:04:22,160 MISINFORMATION IS NOT ALWAYS 4395 03:04:22,160 --> 03:04:25,280 CURED ESPECIALLY WHEN A PERSON 4396 03:04:25,280 --> 03:04:25,920 RECEIVES THE INFORMATION WHO 4397 03:04:25,920 --> 03:04:32,320 DOESN'T WANT TO CHANGE THEIR 4398 03:04:32,320 --> 03:04:33,280 MIND WE CANNOT GET DISCOURAGED 4399 03:04:33,280 --> 03:04:37,960 BECAUSE IT'S SO EASY WHEN YOU 4400 03:04:37,960 --> 03:04:38,520 ARE DEALING WITH PEOPLE WHO 4401 03:04:38,520 --> 03:04:44,360 DON'T WANT TO TAKE THE DATA 4402 03:04:44,360 --> 03:04:46,200 WHEN IT'S OVERWHELMINGLY 4403 03:04:46,200 --> 03:04:50,480 CONVINCING. 4404 03:04:50,480 --> 03:04:59,840 >> I PUT THE LINK IN THE 4405 03:04:59,840 --> 03:05:00,040 CHAT. 4406 03:05:00,040 --> 03:05:06,600 >> THANK YOU. 4407 03:05:06,600 --> 03:05:08,400 >> I AM FASCINATED BY THE 4408 03:05:08,400 --> 03:05:16,640 OPPORTUNITY TO USE BREAKING 4409 03:05:16,640 --> 03:05:17,200 SCIENCE LIKE THE MEDIA USES 4410 03:05:17,200 --> 03:05:18,760 BREAKING NEWS AND IT GIVES 4411 03:05:18,760 --> 03:05:20,840 PEOPLE THE OPPORTUNITY TO 4412 03:05:20,840 --> 03:05:22,880 REALIZE THE CONDITIONS ARE 4413 03:05:22,880 --> 03:05:25,600 CHANGING HERE IS AN UPDATE AND 4414 03:05:25,600 --> 03:05:28,560 I'M SURE YOU HAVE GIVEN THIS 4415 03:05:28,560 --> 03:05:33,880 FAR MORE THOUGHT THAT HOW WE 4416 03:05:33,880 --> 03:05:36,280 ENGAGE THE MEDIA TO BE A 4417 03:05:36,280 --> 03:05:41,800 RELIABLE SPOKESPERSON FOR 4418 03:05:41,800 --> 03:05:49,280 THESE CRITICAL CONDITIONS. 4419 03:05:49,280 --> 03:05:52,560 >> THERE IS MEDIA THAT DO THAT. 4420 03:05:52,560 --> 03:05:58,000 THE STANDARD NETWORKS DO THAT 4421 03:05:58,000 --> 03:05:58,600 QUITE WELL THEN FOX NEWS MORE 4422 03:05:58,600 --> 03:06:06,800 PEOPLE WATCH THAT THEN NBC AND 4423 03:06:06,800 --> 03:06:06,960 ABC. 4424 03:06:06,960 --> 03:06:09,040 THAT IS BIZARRE BUT IT IS 4425 03:06:09,040 --> 03:06:11,080 TRUE. 4426 03:06:11,080 --> 03:06:14,200 SORRY. 4427 03:06:14,200 --> 03:06:17,000 [LAUGHTER] 4428 03:06:17,000 --> 03:06:17,520 >> WE WILL LEAVE COMMENTS 4429 03:06:17,520 --> 03:06:19,040 UNTIL LATER. 4430 03:06:19,040 --> 03:06:22,720 [LAUGHTER] 4431 03:06:22,720 --> 03:06:35,400 >> I THOUGHT I WOULD ASK DOING 4432 03:06:35,400 --> 03:06:38,600 A SPECTACULAR JOB ON 4433 03:06:38,600 --> 03:06:41,600 EVERYTHING AND SUMMARIZING 4434 03:06:41,600 --> 03:06:46,120 TODAY, BUT AS WE GO FORWARD DO 4435 03:06:46,120 --> 03:06:47,040 YOU THINK OR IS THERE ANYTHING 4436 03:06:47,040 --> 03:06:49,040 WE CAN DO TO ELEVATE THE WILL 4437 03:06:49,040 --> 03:06:53,040 TO KEEP GOING ON PANDEMIC 4438 03:06:53,040 --> 03:06:56,320 PREPAREDNESS AND THE THINGS TO 4439 03:06:56,320 --> 03:06:59,480 DO FOR THE NEXGEN VACCINES 4440 03:06:59,480 --> 03:07:02,240 SOME ARE ENTIRELY BEHIND IT 4441 03:07:02,240 --> 03:07:05,040 BUT WE THINK WE CAN LOSE OUR 4442 03:07:05,040 --> 03:07:07,720 WILL BEFORE IT IS PROPERLY 4443 03:07:07,720 --> 03:07:11,040 DONE. 4444 03:07:11,040 --> 03:07:14,080 >> ONE OF THE PROBLEMS WE ARE 4445 03:07:14,080 --> 03:07:18,200 FACING IS THE LACK OF INTEREST 4446 03:07:18,200 --> 03:07:23,000 IN CONTINUAL FUNDING. 4447 03:07:23,000 --> 03:07:28,720 IT IS CONFUSING BECAUSE IT'S 4448 03:07:28,720 --> 03:07:29,320 NOT AS IF WE ARE NOT GRATEFUL 4449 03:07:29,320 --> 03:07:29,840 FOR THE ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF 4450 03:07:29,840 --> 03:07:31,040 FUNDING THE CONGRESS HAS GIVEN 4451 03:07:31,040 --> 03:07:35,920 US TO THE TUNE OF BILLIONS OF 4452 03:07:35,920 --> 03:07:36,160 DOLLARS. 4453 03:07:36,160 --> 03:07:40,040 BUT THEN THEY JUST STOPPED. 4454 03:07:40,040 --> 03:07:44,400 WE HAVE A PLAN FOR PANDEMIC 4455 03:07:44,400 --> 03:07:44,800 PREPAREDNESS FOR 4456 03:07:44,800 --> 03:07:45,440 NEXT-GENERATION VACCINES READY 4457 03:07:45,440 --> 03:07:48,440 TO GO. 4458 03:07:48,440 --> 03:07:49,000 BUT ESSENTIALLY WE HAVE RUN 4459 03:07:49,000 --> 03:07:54,320 OUT OF MONEY. 4460 03:07:54,320 --> 03:07:54,880 IT IS TRUE WE DON'T HAVE THE 4461 03:07:54,880 --> 03:07:56,080 CAPABILITY FOR A RESOURCE 4462 03:07:56,080 --> 03:07:59,000 STANDPOINT TO IMPLEMENT THAT 4463 03:07:59,000 --> 03:08:03,960 PATHOGEN PROTOTYPE APPROACH. 4464 03:08:03,960 --> 03:08:04,560 IF THERE'S ANYTHING YOU CAN DO 4465 03:08:04,560 --> 03:08:07,520 PLEASE BE ADVOCATES FOR 4466 03:08:07,520 --> 03:08:11,400 CONGRESSIONAL FUNDING OF 4467 03:08:11,400 --> 03:08:11,920 SCIENCE IN PUBLIC HEALTH 4468 03:08:11,920 --> 03:08:15,600 MEASURES WE KNOW THAT WORK 4469 03:08:15,600 --> 03:08:16,640 WE'VE ALREADY PROVEN SO IT'S A 4470 03:08:16,640 --> 03:08:21,840 DIFFERENT SITUATION SO WE ARE 4471 03:08:21,840 --> 03:08:22,440 IN A BIG STUMBLING BLOCK WHEN 4472 03:08:22,440 --> 03:08:34,040 IT COMES TO FUNDING. 4473 03:08:34,040 --> 03:08:34,560 >> SEE YOU HAVE ENORMOUS 4474 03:08:34,560 --> 03:08:35,120 ADVOCATES BUT YET I NOTICED 4475 03:08:35,120 --> 03:08:36,240 AWARENESS OUTSIDE OF SUCH 4476 03:08:36,240 --> 03:08:39,600 GROUPS AND THE LEAST OUTSIDE 4477 03:08:39,600 --> 03:08:45,400 IS REALLY THE ONLY THING THAT 4478 03:08:45,400 --> 03:08:46,800 YOU HAVE TO INVEST NOW IS HARD 4479 03:08:46,800 --> 03:08:47,120 TO COME BY. 4480 03:08:47,120 --> 03:08:50,560 THAT'S A MESSAGE YOU DO WHAT 4481 03:08:50,560 --> 03:08:53,440 YOU CAN BUT IT SEEMS VERY 4482 03:08:53,440 --> 03:08:54,600 DIFFICULT. 4483 03:08:54,600 --> 03:08:55,120 WE WILL CONTINUE TO TRY. 4484 03:08:55,120 --> 03:08:57,840 >> THANK YOU. 4485 03:08:57,840 --> 03:09:01,880 >> WE ARE AT TIMES YOU HAVE 4486 03:09:01,880 --> 03:09:04,720 TWO MORE MINUTES QUICK. 4487 03:09:04,720 --> 03:09:09,680 >> PLEASE MAKE YOUR QUESTION 4488 03:09:09,680 --> 03:09:13,640 PRECISE AND QUICK. 4489 03:09:13,640 --> 03:09:17,440 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR 4490 03:09:17,440 --> 03:09:19,360 SERVICE OVER THE DECADES. 4491 03:09:19,360 --> 03:09:23,360 YOU MENTIONED THE IMPORTANCE 4492 03:09:23,360 --> 03:09:28,880 OF INVESTMENT AND BACKGROUND 4493 03:09:28,880 --> 03:09:29,400 AND FOR EXAMPLE FOR THE 4494 03:09:29,400 --> 03:09:31,880 VACCINE CAN YOU SAY MORE AT 4495 03:09:31,880 --> 03:09:38,360 THE MR AND A VACCINE THE FIRST 4496 03:09:38,360 --> 03:09:38,920 ONE TO CAUSE THE FINISH LINE 4497 03:09:38,920 --> 03:09:39,520 THE FIRST TIME THAT PLATFORM 4498 03:09:39,520 --> 03:09:44,000 WAS DEPLOYED SO WHAT DOES THAT 4499 03:09:44,000 --> 03:09:47,240 TELL US HOW WE INVEST OR 4500 03:09:47,240 --> 03:10:00,920 DEPLOY OUR PORTFOLIO? 4501 03:10:00,920 --> 03:10:01,480 >> IT IS PROOF POSITIVE EVEN 4502 03:10:01,480 --> 03:10:02,320 THOUGH SOME THOUGHT IT WAS 4503 03:10:02,320 --> 03:10:07,400 RISKY BIT AS WITH ALL RESEARCH 4504 03:10:07,400 --> 03:10:08,000 IT IS RISKY BUT THE MORE DATA 4505 03:10:08,000 --> 03:10:08,880 WE ACCUMULATED THE MORE I 4506 03:10:08,880 --> 03:10:14,640 BECAME CONFIDENT THAT MRNA 4507 03:10:14,640 --> 03:10:21,200 APPROACH WOULD WORK BUT IS 4508 03:10:21,200 --> 03:10:22,160 JUST AN EXAMPLE OF PUTTING 4509 03:10:22,160 --> 03:10:25,880 YOUR FAITH IN THE DATA FROM 4510 03:10:25,880 --> 03:10:26,800 THE INVESTMENT OF SCIENCE AND 4511 03:10:26,800 --> 03:10:29,640 I THINK WE CAN DO THAT. 4512 03:10:29,640 --> 03:10:34,240 AS BILL GATES MENTIONED THIS 4513 03:10:34,240 --> 03:10:36,320 MORNING, IT IS A PHENOMENAL 4514 03:10:36,320 --> 03:10:40,160 PLATFORM BUT NOT THE ONLY ONE 4515 03:10:40,160 --> 03:10:40,760 WE CANNOT STOP AND SAY WE HAVE 4516 03:10:40,760 --> 03:10:43,880 DONE THAT WITH MRNA NOW THERE 4517 03:10:43,880 --> 03:10:46,480 ARE THOSE THAT ARE EXCITING TO 4518 03:10:46,480 --> 03:10:51,400 TACK ON MULTIPLE DIFFERENT 4519 03:10:51,400 --> 03:10:54,600 ANTIGENS AND THAT'S ONE OF THE 4520 03:10:54,600 --> 03:10:55,280 MOST IMPORTANT WAYS TO GET 4521 03:10:55,280 --> 03:10:58,520 UNIVERSAL VACCINES BY THE NANO 4522 03:10:58,520 --> 03:11:06,320 PARTICLE APPROACH. 4523 03:11:06,320 --> 03:11:10,160 >> LAST QUESTION. 4524 03:11:10,160 --> 03:11:12,200 >> ONE OF THE MORE POWERFUL 4525 03:11:12,200 --> 03:11:17,880 TOOLS COMBATING MISINFORMATION 4526 03:11:17,880 --> 03:11:21,200 WAS A PRE- FACULTY MEMBER FROM 4527 03:11:21,200 --> 03:11:25,000 NIH AT THE TIME SO WITH THAT 4528 03:11:25,000 --> 03:11:27,680 PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS IN THE 4529 03:11:27,680 --> 03:11:32,280 FUTURE HOW DO YOU THINK ABOUT 4530 03:11:32,280 --> 03:11:33,040 TRAINING THOSE IN PUBLIC 4531 03:11:33,040 --> 03:11:36,960 ENGAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION 4532 03:11:36,960 --> 03:11:41,160 FOR WHAT IS LIKELY TO EMERGE? 4533 03:11:41,160 --> 03:11:41,760 >> THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT ONE 4534 03:11:41,760 --> 03:11:46,760 OF THE THINGS I TO DO IN MY 4535 03:11:46,760 --> 03:11:49,000 POST NIH LIFE IS SET AN 4536 03:11:49,000 --> 03:11:49,760 EXAMPLE FOR PEOPLE TO STEP UP 4537 03:11:49,760 --> 03:11:54,920 TO THE PLATE AND DO THAT 4538 03:11:54,920 --> 03:11:55,440 BECAUSE YOU ARE ABSOLUTELY 4539 03:11:55,440 --> 03:11:55,920 RIGHT WE NEED YOUNGER 4540 03:11:55,920 --> 03:11:56,400 GENERATION PARTICULARLY 4541 03:11:56,400 --> 03:11:58,840 SHOWING DIVERSITY. 4542 03:11:58,840 --> 03:12:01,840 THIS IS A PERFECT EXAMPLE OF 4543 03:12:01,840 --> 03:12:04,640 PEOPLE TO LISTEN WELL BEFORE 4544 03:12:04,640 --> 03:12:05,360 THEY LISTEN TO ME WITH THAT 4545 03:12:05,360 --> 03:12:07,960 FUNDAMENTAL TRUST FOR SOMEONE 4546 03:12:07,960 --> 03:12:12,080 THAT LOOKS AND SPEAKS LIKE YOU. 4547 03:12:12,080 --> 03:12:12,640 YOU ARE ABSOLUTELY CORRECT. 4548 03:12:12,640 --> 03:12:17,280 WE HAVE TO DO THAT. 4549 03:12:17,280 --> 03:12:24,160 >> INC. YOU SO MUCH WE 4550 03:12:24,160 --> 03:12:24,760 APPRECIATE YOU SPEAKING WITH 4551 03:12:24,760 --> 03:12:25,400 US TWICE TODAY AND FOR THE 4552 03:12:25,400 --> 03:12:29,000 EXTRA TIME. 4553 03:12:29,000 --> 03:12:32,000 WE WILL TRANSITION TO THE NEXT 4554 03:12:32,000 --> 03:12:35,080 SPEAKER HOPEFULLY WE'LL SEE 4555 03:12:35,080 --> 03:12:41,080 HER FACE IN A SECOND THE 4556 03:12:41,080 --> 03:12:42,080 DIRECTOR OF CSR WILL BE 4557 03:12:42,080 --> 03:12:44,080 TALKING TO US ABOUT SOMETHING 4558 03:12:44,080 --> 03:12:47,320 YOU HEARD IN NOVEMBER WHICH IS 4559 03:12:47,320 --> 03:12:51,360 PROPOSE CHANGES OF THE 4560 03:12:51,360 --> 03:12:53,600 PEER-REVIEWED CRITERIA WITH A 4561 03:12:53,600 --> 03:12:59,600 HIGH LEVEL PROPOSAL AND TODAY 4562 03:12:59,600 --> 03:13:02,320 IS REVIEWING THOSE SUGGESTED 4563 03:13:02,320 --> 03:13:03,360 CHANGES AS WELL AS THOSE TO 4564 03:13:03,360 --> 03:13:08,160 THE PROCESS TO HAVE AN 4565 03:13:08,160 --> 03:13:11,040 ENGAGING DISCUSSION ON THE 4566 03:13:11,040 --> 03:13:15,000 TOPIC. 4567 03:13:15,000 --> 03:13:18,000 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH I WAS 4568 03:13:18,000 --> 03:13:18,600 HOPING TO JOIN YOU THERE BUT I 4569 03:13:18,600 --> 03:13:25,800 AM RECOVERING FROM BRONCHITIS 4570 03:13:25,800 --> 03:13:29,640 I AM HERE A COUPLE MILES NORTH 4571 03:13:29,640 --> 03:13:30,240 IN THE CSR BUILDING SO I WILL 4572 03:13:30,240 --> 03:13:33,240 JUMP RIGHT IN YOU HAVE HEARD 4573 03:13:33,240 --> 03:13:39,280 ABOUT THIS IN NOVEMBER 4574 03:13:39,280 --> 03:13:39,800 HOPEFULLY YOU CAN HAVE A 4575 03:13:39,800 --> 03:13:40,360 LITTLE LONGER TO DISCUSS THE 4576 03:13:40,360 --> 03:13:43,320 PROPOSED CHANGES FOR THEIR 4577 03:13:43,320 --> 03:13:50,920 RESEARCH PROJECT GRANTS AS 4578 03:13:50,920 --> 03:13:51,480 WELL AS THE FELLOWSHIP SPACE 4579 03:13:51,480 --> 03:13:52,920 SO JUST A LITTLE THAT OF 4580 03:13:52,920 --> 03:13:55,000 BACKGROUND ON THE CSR TO 4581 03:13:55,000 --> 03:14:01,360 OVERSEE THE REVIEW OF THREE 4582 03:14:01,360 --> 03:14:01,920 QUARTERS OF NIH APPLICATIONS 4583 03:14:01,920 --> 03:14:03,440 EVERY YEAR AND THE VAST 4584 03:14:03,440 --> 03:14:10,800 MAJORITY APPLICATIONS. 4585 03:14:10,800 --> 03:14:11,400 EARLIER THIS YEAR WE RELEASE 4586 03:14:11,400 --> 03:14:11,960 THE FIVE-YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN 4587 03:14:11,960 --> 03:14:13,200 AND ONE OF THE MAJOR 4588 03:14:13,200 --> 03:14:14,280 OVERARCHING GOALS IS TO 4589 03:14:14,280 --> 03:14:18,520 IMPLEMENT CHANGES FROM THE 4590 03:14:18,520 --> 03:14:20,640 PEER-REVIEWED PROCESS TO MAKE 4591 03:14:20,640 --> 03:14:25,120 IT MORE EFFECTIVE. 4592 03:14:25,120 --> 03:14:28,120 THE PROPOSED CHANGES I WILL 4593 03:14:28,120 --> 03:14:28,960 PRESENT WERE ENGAGEMENT THE 4594 03:14:28,960 --> 03:14:33,320 BROADER SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY 4595 03:14:33,320 --> 03:14:33,880 AND ADVISORY COUNCIL AS WELL 4596 03:14:33,880 --> 03:14:37,160 AS INPUT FROM NIH AND 4597 03:14:37,160 --> 03:14:41,160 LEADERSHIP. 4598 03:14:41,160 --> 03:14:51,160 >> WE HAVE TO CLOSE THAT BOTH 4599 03:14:51,160 --> 03:14:54,000 ARE EQUALLY PROVIDED. 4600 03:14:54,000 --> 03:14:56,760 FIRST IS TO REFOCUS THE FIRST 4601 03:14:56,760 --> 03:14:59,360 LEVEL OF NIH PERIOD REVIEW ON 4602 03:14:59,360 --> 03:15:05,320 HIS MAJOR ROLE OF PROVIDING 4603 03:15:05,320 --> 03:15:07,640 EXPERT ADVICE TO THE GRANT 4604 03:15:07,640 --> 03:15:16,560 APPLICATIONS UNDER REVIEW. 4605 03:15:16,560 --> 03:15:18,520 AND RELIEVING THE 4606 03:15:18,520 --> 03:15:23,720 ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLAINT AND 4607 03:15:23,720 --> 03:15:24,280 WE HAVE HEARD THIS IS BURDEN 4608 03:15:24,280 --> 03:15:26,080 AND A DISINCENTIVE TO 4609 03:15:26,080 --> 03:15:35,920 PARTICIPATION ALSO TO MITIGATE 4610 03:15:35,920 --> 03:15:44,000 THE BIAS TO THE PEDIGREES AND 4611 03:15:44,000 --> 03:15:52,760 WHO YOU ARE CONNECTED WITH AND 4612 03:15:52,760 --> 03:15:55,800 AND THEN TO MITIGATE THAT WITH 4613 03:15:55,800 --> 03:15:58,680 THE PROCESS AND THAT COMES 4614 03:15:58,680 --> 03:15:59,160 DOWN TO REFOCUSING THE 4615 03:15:59,160 --> 03:16:05,600 EVALUATION OF THE INVESTIGATOR 4616 03:16:05,600 --> 03:16:06,160 TO BE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF 4617 03:16:06,160 --> 03:16:08,680 THE PROPOSED SCIENTIFIC 4618 03:16:08,680 --> 03:16:11,760 PROJECT TO FACILITATE THE 4619 03:16:11,760 --> 03:16:12,560 BROADER GOAL TO IDENTIFY THE 4620 03:16:12,560 --> 03:16:14,600 STRONGEST RESEARCH WITHOUT 4621 03:16:14,600 --> 03:16:23,800 OTHER IN DO INFLUENCE SO THE 4622 03:16:23,800 --> 03:16:26,360 SCOPE FOR THE WORKING GROUP WE 4623 03:16:26,360 --> 03:16:28,400 FORMED WITH OVERLAPPING 4624 03:16:28,400 --> 03:16:31,560 MEMBERSHIP FROM NON- CLINICAL 4625 03:16:31,560 --> 03:16:37,600 TRIALS WHICH IS 90 PERCENT SO 4626 03:16:37,600 --> 03:16:38,160 THE OTHER GROUP WAS FORMED TO 4627 03:16:38,160 --> 03:16:46,400 LOOK AT THOSE CLINICAL TRIALS 4628 03:16:46,400 --> 03:16:51,840 SO THE SCOPE WAS RPG THAT IS 4629 03:16:51,840 --> 03:16:55,160 WHAT CSR DOES ON THE OFFICE OF 4630 03:16:55,160 --> 03:16:59,400 GENERAL COUNSEL AND PROVIDED 4631 03:16:59,400 --> 03:17:02,160 SOME REGULATORY GUIDANCE TO 4632 03:17:02,160 --> 03:17:07,840 THE WORKING GROUP SO THE FIVE 4633 03:17:07,840 --> 03:17:12,520 REVIEW CRITERIA FOR THE 4634 03:17:12,520 --> 03:17:13,000 INNOVATION APPROACH AND 4635 03:17:13,000 --> 03:17:16,320 ENVIRONMENT ARE DEFINED BY THE 4636 03:17:16,320 --> 03:17:18,200 CODE OF FEDERAL FEDERAL 4637 03:17:18,200 --> 03:17:21,000 REGULATIONS HOWEVER WE HAVE 4638 03:17:21,000 --> 03:17:25,520 THE DISCRETION AT NIH HOW TO 4639 03:17:25,520 --> 03:17:29,400 GROUP THE CRITERIA TOGETHER 4640 03:17:29,400 --> 03:17:29,840 AND WHAT IS RELATED TO 4641 03:17:29,840 --> 03:17:30,240 SCORING. 4642 03:17:30,240 --> 03:17:35,360 THE GROUP FORMED BEFORE THE 4643 03:17:35,360 --> 03:17:40,600 PANDEMIC STARTING JANUARY 2020 4644 03:17:40,600 --> 03:17:46,320 WE HAD BLOCK POST WITH 4645 03:17:46,320 --> 03:17:47,800 COMMENTS THROUGH THE REVIEW 4646 03:17:47,800 --> 03:17:53,160 MATTERS AND THE OFFICE OF 4647 03:17:53,160 --> 03:17:54,200 RESEARCH HAS A BROAD AUDIENCE 4648 03:17:54,200 --> 03:17:58,560 AS WELL WE GOT THE COMMENTS 4649 03:17:58,560 --> 03:18:03,640 BACK AND WE HEARD FROM SOCIETY 4650 03:18:03,640 --> 03:18:06,480 AND PROVIDED A CONTENT 4651 03:18:06,480 --> 03:18:08,400 ANALYSIS TO THE WORKING GROUP 4652 03:18:08,400 --> 03:18:12,800 AND TOOK THAT SERIOUSLY THERE 4653 03:18:12,800 --> 03:18:13,320 11 VIRTUAL MEETINGS TO THE 4654 03:18:13,320 --> 03:18:16,680 HEIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC TO 4655 03:18:16,680 --> 03:18:19,280 DEVELOP THE FRAMEWORK AND THE 4656 03:18:19,280 --> 03:18:21,320 RECOMMENDATIONS. 4657 03:18:21,320 --> 03:18:23,920 MARCH 2020 WONDERFUL ADVISORY 4658 03:18:23,920 --> 03:18:24,480 COUNCIL DISCUSSED IN IMPROVE 4659 03:18:24,480 --> 03:18:29,240 THE RECOMMENDATIONS WE PUBLISH 4660 03:18:29,240 --> 03:18:30,120 THE WORKING GROUP REPORT ON 4661 03:18:30,120 --> 03:18:32,880 THE WEBSITE. 4662 03:18:32,880 --> 03:18:38,680 FOLLOWING THAT PROCESS WE HAVE 4663 03:18:38,680 --> 03:18:43,360 SIGNIFICANT INPUT FROM NIH 4664 03:18:43,360 --> 03:18:45,400 HIGH LEVEL EVALUATION ALL THE 4665 03:18:45,400 --> 03:18:49,040 RECOMMENDATIONS BE MADE SOME 4666 03:18:49,040 --> 03:18:49,880 MODIFICATIONS AND THEN HAVE 4667 03:18:49,880 --> 03:18:53,120 FINAL PROPOSAL FROM CENTERED 4668 03:18:53,120 --> 03:18:58,080 LEADERSHIP FROM SEPTEMBER THIS 4669 03:18:58,080 --> 03:19:01,560 YEAR. 4670 03:19:01,560 --> 03:19:02,600 IN NOVEMBER I PRESENTED A 4671 03:19:02,600 --> 03:19:06,800 HEADS UP AND TOLD YOU WE WOULD 4672 03:19:06,800 --> 03:19:11,560 BE ISSUING THE ARE AFTER I 4673 03:19:11,560 --> 03:19:12,160 THAT IS NOT POSTED THAT I HOPE 4674 03:19:12,160 --> 03:19:16,280 YOU CAN SHARE THAT WITH YOUR 4675 03:19:16,280 --> 03:19:19,400 NETWORKS. 4676 03:19:19,400 --> 03:19:20,480 I JUST WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE OUR 4677 03:19:20,480 --> 03:19:26,160 WORKING GROUP THAT WAS SHARED 4678 03:19:26,160 --> 03:19:26,760 WITH SEATTLE CHILDREN'S AND 4679 03:19:26,760 --> 03:19:31,960 THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR AND HAD A 4680 03:19:31,960 --> 03:19:32,560 NUMBER MEMBERS OF THE ADVISORY 4681 03:19:32,560 --> 03:19:36,640 COUNCIL THAT REPRESENTED 4682 03:19:36,640 --> 03:19:37,200 DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESEARCH 4683 03:19:37,200 --> 03:19:39,720 AND INSTITUTIONS I'M VERY 4684 03:19:39,720 --> 03:19:43,280 GRATEFUL TO THEM FOR ALL THE 4685 03:19:43,280 --> 03:19:43,880 HARD WORK AND THE THOUGHT THEY 4686 03:19:43,880 --> 03:19:46,000 PUT INTO DEVELOP THE 4687 03:19:46,000 --> 03:19:49,240 RECOMMENDATIONS. 4688 03:19:49,240 --> 03:19:49,800 HERE IS THE OVERVIEW OF THE 4689 03:19:49,800 --> 03:19:51,920 PROPOSED RVG FRAMEWORK THE 4690 03:19:51,920 --> 03:19:54,680 OVERALL IMPACT SCORE WHICH IS 4691 03:19:54,680 --> 03:20:00,720 WHAT DEFINES EVERY APPLICATION 4692 03:20:00,720 --> 03:20:03,800 WILL RECEIVE AND EXPLORE AND 4693 03:20:03,800 --> 03:20:10,120 THAT DOES NOT CHANGE THE 4694 03:20:10,120 --> 03:20:11,080 CRITERIA HAS BEEN REORGANIZED 4695 03:20:11,080 --> 03:20:15,840 INTO THREE FACTORS AMONG THE 4696 03:20:15,840 --> 03:20:18,800 THEMES OF SHOULD IT BE DONE 4697 03:20:18,800 --> 03:20:19,400 CAN IT BE DONE AND WILL IT BE 4698 03:20:19,400 --> 03:20:19,600 DONE? 4699 03:20:19,600 --> 03:20:22,480 SHOULD IT BE DONE IS A FACTOR 4700 03:20:22,480 --> 03:20:24,040 NUMBER ONE OF THE CRITERIA 4701 03:20:24,040 --> 03:20:29,160 THAT WE MUST HAVE. 4702 03:20:29,160 --> 03:20:29,800 THIS WILL BE SCORED AND AFFECT 4703 03:20:29,800 --> 03:20:32,800 THE OVERALL IMPACT. 4704 03:20:32,800 --> 03:20:34,800 THE SECOND FACTOR IS 4705 03:20:34,800 --> 03:20:42,320 FEASIBILITY THIS WILL ALSO BE 4706 03:20:42,320 --> 03:20:45,080 SCORED AND AFFECT THE OVERALL 4707 03:20:45,080 --> 03:20:47,320 EFFECT THE THIRD FACTOR IS 4708 03:20:47,320 --> 03:20:51,160 EXPERTISE AND RESOURCES THIS 4709 03:20:51,160 --> 03:20:55,360 WILL NOT BE SCORED BUT WILL 4710 03:20:55,360 --> 03:20:58,240 AFFECT THE OVERALL IMPACT 4711 03:20:58,240 --> 03:20:59,160 SCORE WE WILL TALK ABOUT THE 4712 03:20:59,160 --> 03:21:03,000 DETAILS OF THAT COMING UP. 4713 03:21:03,000 --> 03:21:06,800 IN ADDITION CURRENTLY WE HAVE 4714 03:21:06,800 --> 03:21:07,320 ADDITIONAL REVIEW CRITERIA 4715 03:21:07,320 --> 03:21:10,800 THAT ARE CRITERIA THAT DO 4716 03:21:10,800 --> 03:21:13,760 AFFECT OVERALL IMPACT SCORE 4717 03:21:13,760 --> 03:21:16,520 AND ANIMALS ET CETERA THESE 4718 03:21:16,520 --> 03:21:20,840 WILL REMAIN UNCHANGED FOR THE 4719 03:21:20,840 --> 03:21:21,600 MOST PART THAT WILL TIGHTEN UP 4720 03:21:21,600 --> 03:21:23,880 THE LANGUAGE WE HAVE 4721 03:21:23,880 --> 03:21:25,600 ADDITIONAL REVIEW 4722 03:21:25,600 --> 03:21:28,000 CONSIDERATIONS THESE ARE 4723 03:21:28,000 --> 03:21:30,480 ADDITIONAL ITEMS NIH HAS ASKED 4724 03:21:30,480 --> 03:21:33,200 VIEWERS TO COMMENT THAT NO 4725 03:21:33,200 --> 03:21:38,120 BEARING ON THE OVERALL IMPACT 4726 03:21:38,120 --> 03:21:43,600 SO THE PROPOSAL IS TO REMOVE 4727 03:21:43,600 --> 03:21:44,160 MOST OF THESE FROM THE FIRST 4728 03:21:44,160 --> 03:21:49,160 LEVEL OF PEER-REVIEWED. 4729 03:21:49,160 --> 03:21:52,160 NOW GOING INTO A LITTLE MORE 4730 03:21:52,160 --> 03:21:53,360 DEPTH, HERE YOU SEE ON THE 4731 03:21:53,360 --> 03:21:57,240 LEFT THE CURRENT SCORING 4732 03:21:57,240 --> 03:21:57,800 SYSTEM WHERE WE HAVE THE 4733 03:21:57,800 --> 03:22:05,560 CRITERIA THAT ARE SCORED AND 4734 03:22:05,560 --> 03:22:06,120 EACH OF THOSE REVIEWERS ARE 4735 03:22:06,120 --> 03:22:06,680 ASKED TO WRITE STRENGTHS AND 4736 03:22:06,680 --> 03:22:07,280 WEAKNESSES FOR EVERY CRITERIA 4737 03:22:07,280 --> 03:22:07,760 AND SCORE THEM BUT THE 4738 03:22:07,760 --> 03:22:09,880 PROPOSAL WOULD BE THREE 4739 03:22:09,880 --> 03:22:19,280 FACTORS TO SCORED ONE OF THEM 4740 03:22:19,280 --> 03:22:19,880 NOT SCORED BUT THE ONE THAT IS 4741 03:22:19,880 --> 03:22:20,400 NOT THE ITEM THAT IS 4742 03:22:20,400 --> 03:22:21,000 APPROPRIATE WITH THE EXPERTISE 4743 03:22:21,000 --> 03:22:22,760 AND RESOURCES THAT ARE PRESENT 4744 03:22:22,760 --> 03:22:27,520 OR YOU COULD IDENTIFY GAPS NOT 4745 03:22:27,520 --> 03:22:28,520 SCORED THAT CAN AFFECT THE 4746 03:22:28,520 --> 03:22:31,720 OVERALL EFFECT. 4747 03:22:31,720 --> 03:22:32,720 THESE ARE THE ADDITIONAL 4748 03:22:32,720 --> 03:22:36,800 REVIEW CRITERIA THAT ARE 4749 03:22:36,800 --> 03:22:38,640 CHANGE FROM HUMAN SUBJECTS AND 4750 03:22:38,640 --> 03:22:42,600 INCLUSIONS AND THEN RE- 4751 03:22:42,600 --> 03:22:46,880 SUBMISSIONS AND THEN THEY WILL 4752 03:22:46,880 --> 03:22:51,600 REMAIN UNCHANGED. 4753 03:22:51,600 --> 03:22:52,120 AND THESE ARE ADDITIONAL 4754 03:22:52,120 --> 03:22:55,760 REVIEW CONSIDERATIONS AND IT 4755 03:22:55,760 --> 03:22:58,840 HAS NO EFFECT ON THE OVERALL 4756 03:22:58,840 --> 03:22:59,960 SCORE BUT PROPOSING WE 4757 03:22:59,960 --> 03:23:09,400 MAINTAIN TWO OF THESE BUT WITH 4758 03:23:09,400 --> 03:23:10,280 THE BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL 4759 03:23:10,280 --> 03:23:12,640 RESOURCE PLAN SO THAT SUPPORT 4760 03:23:12,640 --> 03:23:18,040 THEY ARE REQUIRED TO DO. 4761 03:23:18,040 --> 03:23:25,600 >> I WILL NOT GO INTO DETAIL 4762 03:23:25,600 --> 03:23:28,640 BUT I WILL FOCUS ON THE MAIN 4763 03:23:28,640 --> 03:23:33,840 REVIEW SO HERE IS THE PROPOSED 4764 03:23:33,840 --> 03:23:39,240 FACTOR BUT SIGNIFICANCE IS IF 4765 03:23:39,240 --> 03:23:42,200 EVERYTHING WORKS DOES IT 4766 03:23:42,200 --> 03:23:46,600 MATTER? 4767 03:23:46,600 --> 03:23:47,200 AND ONE THAT CREATES A EXTEND 4768 03:23:47,200 --> 03:23:52,520 WE HEARD THAT DOES THAT MATTER 4769 03:23:52,520 --> 03:23:54,240 SOMETHING IS REALLY 4770 03:23:54,240 --> 03:23:57,560 SIGNIFICANT SO THEY DON'T KNOW 4771 03:23:57,560 --> 03:24:02,240 HOW THAT YET THEY HAVE TO GET 4772 03:24:02,240 --> 03:24:08,080 THAT CRITERION SCORE THEY ARE 4773 03:24:08,080 --> 03:24:08,600 GROUPED TOGETHER AND THE 4774 03:24:08,600 --> 03:24:09,240 REASON IS IT ALLOWS THE 4775 03:24:09,240 --> 03:24:13,880 REVIEWER TO WAIT WHAT IS 4776 03:24:13,880 --> 03:24:15,480 NECESSARY SO THERE MAY BE 4777 03:24:15,480 --> 03:24:17,280 SOMETHING THAT IS INHERENTLY 4778 03:24:17,280 --> 03:24:20,960 INNOVATIVE AND THAT COULD GET 4779 03:24:20,960 --> 03:24:29,640 A GOOD SCORE. 4780 03:24:29,640 --> 03:24:30,160 AND THEN REVIEWERS WOULD 4781 03:24:30,160 --> 03:24:31,240 PROVIDE A NARRATIVE OF THE 4782 03:24:31,240 --> 03:24:38,040 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES. 4783 03:24:38,040 --> 03:24:44,600 >> SO THIS IS AN APPROACH AND 4784 03:24:44,600 --> 03:24:45,120 MOSTLY TO HIGHLIGHT THE 4785 03:24:45,120 --> 03:24:49,600 IMPORTANCE OF RIGOR THERE IS A 4786 03:24:49,600 --> 03:24:53,600 NUMBER OF QUESTIONS HERE 4787 03:24:53,600 --> 03:24:54,120 DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF 4788 03:24:54,120 --> 03:24:57,400 APPLICATION THAT IT IS A 4789 03:24:57,400 --> 03:25:02,120 SAMPLE SIZE AND THE ANALYTIC 4790 03:25:02,120 --> 03:25:06,560 PLANS THE SUBJECTS CONVERTED 4791 03:25:06,560 --> 03:25:07,600 ANIMALS BUT THEY ARE 4792 03:25:07,600 --> 03:25:11,360 HIGHLIGHTED HERE AND THEN 4793 03:25:11,360 --> 03:25:12,520 FEASIBILITY WHETHER THE 4794 03:25:12,520 --> 03:25:17,040 APPROACH IS FEASIBLE SO THIS 4795 03:25:17,040 --> 03:25:23,000 WOULD BE SCORED 129 AND THEN 4796 03:25:23,000 --> 03:25:23,560 REVIEWERS WOULD SHOW MAJOR 4797 03:25:23,560 --> 03:25:30,040 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES SO 4798 03:25:30,040 --> 03:25:33,000 THIS IS WHERE WE AT THE NIH TO 4799 03:25:33,000 --> 03:25:37,000 WHAT IS PROPOSED BY A WORKING 4800 03:25:37,000 --> 03:25:40,360 GROUP AND ADVISORY COUNCIL. 4801 03:25:40,360 --> 03:25:48,960 SO IN THIS CASE WITH THE 4802 03:25:48,960 --> 03:25:50,320 INVESTIGATOR AND REQUIREMENT 4803 03:25:50,320 --> 03:25:57,960 DATA BUT HOWEVER IT HAS BEEN 4804 03:25:57,960 --> 03:26:02,600 REWORDED IN A WAY TO PREVENT 4805 03:26:02,600 --> 03:26:04,640 REPUTATION ALL BIAS FOR THE 4806 03:26:04,640 --> 03:26:08,160 INVESTIGATOR AND THEN TO FOCUS 4807 03:26:08,160 --> 03:26:10,920 ON THE SCIENCE AND THE 4808 03:26:10,920 --> 03:26:14,960 PROJECT. 4809 03:26:14,960 --> 03:26:15,480 DOES INVESTIGATOR HAVE THE 4810 03:26:15,480 --> 03:26:16,000 BACKGROUND AND EXPERTISE? 4811 03:26:16,000 --> 03:26:20,000 IF YES, THERE'S NO NEED TO 4812 03:26:20,000 --> 03:26:25,360 WRITE A HALF A PARAGRAPH NO 4813 03:26:25,360 --> 03:26:25,800 WRITE UP AS NEEDED. 4814 03:26:25,800 --> 03:26:29,160 FULLY CAPABLE. 4815 03:26:29,160 --> 03:26:29,760 IF THERE IS A NEED FOR MORE 4816 03:26:29,760 --> 03:26:33,600 EXPERTISE A CAPABILITY THEN WE 4817 03:26:33,600 --> 03:26:36,560 ASK THE REVIEWERS TO GET 4818 03:26:36,560 --> 03:26:42,840 SPECIFIC WE WORD SEE WEAKER 4819 03:26:42,840 --> 03:26:47,200 SCORES OR DEAF BY A THOUSAND 4820 03:26:47,200 --> 03:26:50,160 CUTS WITH NO REAL WEAKNESS IT 4821 03:26:50,160 --> 03:26:51,800 JUST DEPENDS ON THE 4822 03:26:51,800 --> 03:26:57,960 INSTITUTION ENVIRONMENT 4823 03:26:57,960 --> 03:26:58,840 SIMILARLY THE RESOURCES ARE 4824 03:26:58,840 --> 03:27:02,800 THERE TO CONDUCT THE PROJECT 4825 03:27:02,800 --> 03:27:05,640 SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETE THE 4826 03:27:05,640 --> 03:27:07,400 PROJECT IF THERE IS NO ISSUE 4827 03:27:07,400 --> 03:27:12,640 AND NO WRITE UP IS NEEDED OR 4828 03:27:12,640 --> 03:27:13,600 IDENTIFY THE NEED FOR 4829 03:27:13,600 --> 03:27:16,600 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES IF THERE 4830 03:27:16,600 --> 03:27:18,760 ARE GAPS WE WANT TO HEAR ABOUT 4831 03:27:18,760 --> 03:27:21,840 IT WITH THE OVERALL IMPACT 4832 03:27:21,840 --> 03:27:25,440 SCORE WITH THOSE WELL-TRAINED 4833 03:27:25,440 --> 03:27:29,000 INVESTIGATORS THAT THEY DON'T 4834 03:27:29,000 --> 03:27:31,800 ALL EXIST IN CERTAIN AREAS OR 4835 03:27:31,800 --> 03:27:33,720 INSTITUTIONS. 4836 03:27:33,720 --> 03:27:34,760 THIS WOULD NOT RECEIVE AN 4837 03:27:34,760 --> 03:27:42,640 INDIVIDUAL SCORE IF THERE IS A 4838 03:27:42,640 --> 03:27:45,120 GAP IN EITHER CRITERIA. 4839 03:27:45,120 --> 03:27:51,720 SO THE CURRENT STATUS CHANGES 4840 03:27:51,720 --> 03:27:55,680 IS CURRENTLY LOOKING AT HOW WE 4841 03:27:55,680 --> 03:28:01,760 CAN INCORPORATE INTO THE 4842 03:28:01,760 --> 03:28:02,280 FRAMEWORK BECAUSE CLINICAL 4843 03:28:02,280 --> 03:28:07,680 TRIALS ARE VERY DIVERSE AT NIH 4844 03:28:07,680 --> 03:28:08,280 THE DEFINITION IS DIVERSE AND 4845 03:28:08,280 --> 03:28:11,600 GETTING THEM TO FIT UNDER THIS 4846 03:28:11,600 --> 03:28:16,400 WITH THE INCLUSIONS THAT YOU 4847 03:28:16,400 --> 03:28:19,240 CONSIDER CAREFULLY RIGHT NOW. 4848 03:28:19,240 --> 03:28:30,960 IT IS ANOTHER MONTH OR TWO AND 4849 03:28:30,960 --> 03:28:33,840 WHAT THE BRAIN INITIATIVE WAS 4850 03:28:33,840 --> 03:28:48,200 USING THE BIG PROPOSAL OF THE 4851 03:28:48,200 --> 03:28:49,080 MAJOR CHANGES THAT CRITERIA 4852 03:28:49,080 --> 03:28:52,040 ARE OUT. 4853 03:28:52,040 --> 03:28:55,160 LOOKING FOR PUBLIC COMMENT 4854 03:28:55,160 --> 03:29:00,400 THROUGH MARCH 10, 2023 GETTING 4855 03:29:00,400 --> 03:29:03,240 OUT TO YOUR NETWORKS AND 4856 03:29:03,240 --> 03:29:04,800 SOCIETIES. 4857 03:29:04,800 --> 03:29:07,800 WE HAVE ESTABLISHED AN E-MAIL 4858 03:29:07,800 --> 03:29:09,480 BOX. 4859 03:29:09,480 --> 03:29:14,000 AND THEN A WEBPAGE WITH THE 4860 03:29:14,000 --> 03:29:16,880 DETAILS WE COULD NOT PROVIDE 4861 03:29:16,880 --> 03:29:24,200 TODAY. 4862 03:29:24,200 --> 03:29:30,200 SO I CAN EITHER STOP. 4863 03:29:30,200 --> 03:29:32,200 BECAUSE THOSE ARE PRETTY 4864 03:29:32,200 --> 03:29:41,600 SIGNIFICANT I GAVE YOU A HEADS 4865 03:29:41,600 --> 03:29:42,320 UP THIS WAS COMING DOWN THE 4866 03:29:42,320 --> 03:29:44,400 PIKE BECAUSE NIH WAS DECIDING 4867 03:29:44,400 --> 03:29:47,240 WHAT THE WORKING GROUPS HAD 4868 03:29:47,240 --> 03:29:48,800 PROPOSED AND TO BE 4869 03:29:48,800 --> 03:29:51,640 ENTHUSIASTIC OF THOSE 4870 03:29:51,640 --> 03:29:53,560 PROPOSALS SO I AM SHOWING THIS 4871 03:29:53,560 --> 03:29:57,800 TO YOU NOW SINCE THERE IS NO 4872 03:29:57,800 --> 03:30:00,400 INTERNAL DELIBERATION PROCESS 4873 03:30:00,400 --> 03:30:04,320 THERE IS A LOT OF SUPPORT FOR 4874 03:30:04,320 --> 03:30:08,920 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL. 4875 03:30:08,920 --> 03:30:15,040 >> SO WE HEARD THESE ARE NOT 4876 03:30:15,040 --> 03:30:17,360 NEW CONCERNS THAT THE 4877 03:30:17,360 --> 03:30:21,040 FELLOWSHIP PROCESS AND IT 4878 03:30:21,040 --> 03:30:25,200 DISADVANTAGES SOME APPLICANTS 4879 03:30:25,200 --> 03:30:28,200 WHO ARE HIGHLY QUALIFIED AND 4880 03:30:28,200 --> 03:30:30,800 PROMISING SIMPLY BECAUSE OF 4881 03:30:30,800 --> 03:30:32,600 WHICH LAB THEY ARE IN OR HOW 4882 03:30:32,600 --> 03:30:38,400 WELL-FUNDED THEIR SPONSORS 4883 03:30:38,400 --> 03:30:38,600 ARE. 4884 03:30:38,600 --> 03:30:42,200 IN SEPTEMBER 2021 WE CONVENED 4885 03:30:42,200 --> 03:30:48,120 A WORKING GROUP SO WE DO WORK 4886 03:30:48,120 --> 03:30:48,920 FROM THE INPUT THROUGH THE 4887 03:30:48,920 --> 03:30:52,880 SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND WE 4888 03:30:52,880 --> 03:30:58,280 CHARGE THE WORKING GROUP FROM 4889 03:30:58,280 --> 03:30:59,240 THE FELLOWSHIP PROCESS AND TO 4890 03:30:59,240 --> 03:31:06,920 RECOMMEND CHANGES AND THEN TO 4891 03:31:06,920 --> 03:31:07,480 IDENTIFY THOSE OF WHERE THEY 4892 03:31:07,480 --> 03:31:11,280 HAPPEN TO BE. 4893 03:31:11,280 --> 03:31:16,880 AGAIN I'M VERY GRATEFUL FOR 4894 03:31:16,880 --> 03:31:17,440 THE WORKING GROUP INCLUDING 4895 03:31:17,440 --> 03:31:18,120 MEMBERS OF THE ADVISORY 4896 03:31:18,120 --> 03:31:21,920 COUNCIL AND WITH THE 4897 03:31:21,920 --> 03:31:26,120 BIOMEDICAL RESOURCE 4898 03:31:26,120 --> 03:31:30,240 DEVELOPMENT AND VARIOUS TYPES 4899 03:31:30,240 --> 03:31:34,240 OF INSTITUTIONS THAT HAVE BEEN 4900 03:31:34,240 --> 03:31:39,160 SPONSORS AND APPLICANTS AND 4901 03:31:39,160 --> 03:31:39,600 FELLOWSHIPS AS WELL. 4902 03:31:39,600 --> 03:31:40,160 GRATEFUL TO THEM FOR ALL OF 4903 03:31:40,160 --> 03:31:47,520 THEIR HARD WORK. 4904 03:31:47,520 --> 03:31:55,000 STARTING IN SEPTEMBER 2021 4905 03:31:55,000 --> 03:31:55,480 LOOKING AT THE END RSA 4906 03:31:55,480 --> 03:31:57,720 FELLOWSHIPS IN THE INPUT 4907 03:31:57,720 --> 03:32:02,600 GATHERING WITH OPEN MIC AND 4908 03:32:02,600 --> 03:32:03,200 THIS GROUP WAS VERY INTERESTED 4909 03:32:03,200 --> 03:32:06,000 IN GETTING A LOT OF DATA I 4910 03:32:06,000 --> 03:32:07,040 WANT TO THANK OUR DATA 4911 03:32:07,040 --> 03:32:09,400 ANALYTICS TEAM FOR CONSTANTLY 4912 03:32:09,400 --> 03:32:16,160 PRODUCING THE DATA WE ALSO DID 4913 03:32:16,160 --> 03:32:22,840 THE CONTENT ANALYSIS AND THEY 4914 03:32:22,840 --> 03:32:23,440 HELD 12 VIRTUAL MEETINGS OVER 4915 03:32:23,440 --> 03:32:29,040 THE 11th MONTH PERIOD WITH 4916 03:32:29,040 --> 03:32:30,880 THE FRAMEWORK AND THE 4917 03:32:30,880 --> 03:32:33,560 RECOMMENDATIONS BECAUSE IN 4918 03:32:33,560 --> 03:32:39,200 SEPTEMBER 2022 IMPROVING THE 4919 03:32:39,200 --> 03:32:39,600 RECOMMENDATIONS WITH 4920 03:32:39,600 --> 03:32:40,680 ENTHUSIASM AND IN 4921 03:32:40,680 --> 03:32:43,120 NOVEMBER 2022 THE LEADERSHIP 4922 03:32:43,120 --> 03:32:45,120 APPROVE THE SAME 4923 03:32:45,120 --> 03:32:48,680 RECOMMENDATIONS WITH 4924 03:32:48,680 --> 03:32:51,600 ENTHUSIASM SO HERE WE ARE 4925 03:32:51,600 --> 03:32:59,080 TODAY. 4926 03:32:59,080 --> 03:32:59,680 SO I WILL START WITH THE DATA 4927 03:32:59,680 --> 03:33:02,160 -- IS BASED ON ONE YEAR OF 4928 03:33:02,160 --> 03:33:03,200 2021. 4929 03:33:03,200 --> 03:33:04,280 THESE ARE THE DATA THE WORKING 4930 03:33:04,280 --> 03:33:13,240 GROUP REQUESTED. 4931 03:33:13,240 --> 03:33:13,840 THEY WANT TO KNOW WHAT IS THE 4932 03:33:13,840 --> 03:33:14,440 DISTRIBUTION OF APPLICANTS AND 4933 03:33:14,440 --> 03:33:15,000 HERE IS THE BREAKDOWN FOR 4934 03:33:15,000 --> 03:33:15,840 WOMEN AND MEN MORE WOMEN THAN 4935 03:33:15,840 --> 03:33:23,080 MEN ARE APPLICANTS. 4936 03:33:23,080 --> 03:33:23,640 IF YOU LOOK AT SPONSORS AND 4937 03:33:23,640 --> 03:33:25,440 GENDER DISTRIBUTION MORE 4938 03:33:25,440 --> 03:33:31,320 SPONSORS OR MAIL SEE YOU HAVE 4939 03:33:31,320 --> 03:33:33,520 EITHER A SINGLE SPONSOR OR TWO 4940 03:33:33,520 --> 03:33:37,520 OR MORE FOR SINGLE SPONSOR 4941 03:33:37,520 --> 03:33:41,320 FELLOWSHIPS 31 PERCENT IS MALE 4942 03:33:41,320 --> 03:33:42,000 15 PERCENT FEMALE THEN 4943 03:33:42,000 --> 03:33:46,840 MULTIPLE SPONSORS AGAIN ARE 4944 03:33:46,840 --> 03:33:54,920 ALL MAIL EXCEED ALL FEMALE. 4945 03:33:54,920 --> 03:33:55,400 THE BREAKDOWN AGAIN FOR 4946 03:33:55,400 --> 03:33:55,760 APPLICANTS AND 4947 03:33:55,760 --> 03:34:03,720 UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IS 4948 03:34:03,720 --> 03:34:04,200 NOT A FINAL DISTRIBUTION 4949 03:34:04,200 --> 03:34:05,720 50 PERCENT OF THE APPLICANTS 4950 03:34:05,720 --> 03:34:09,920 IN 2021 WERE UNDERREPRESENTED 4951 03:34:09,920 --> 03:34:13,920 SO SPONSORS IN THE SAME GROUP 4952 03:34:13,920 --> 03:34:14,240 3 PERCENT WERE 4953 03:34:14,240 --> 03:34:18,840 UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES 4954 03:34:18,840 --> 03:34:19,400 THE REST OF THEM BREAKDOWN 4955 03:34:19,400 --> 03:34:19,640 LIKE THIS. 4956 03:34:19,640 --> 03:34:29,920 THERE WAS ALMOST NINE MAYBE 4957 03:34:29,920 --> 03:34:36,280 ZERO THAT MANY TEAMS AND THEN 4958 03:34:36,280 --> 03:34:41,280 LOOK AT SENIORITY MOST OF 4959 03:34:41,280 --> 03:34:47,760 THOSE SINGLE SPONSORS OUR 4960 03:34:47,760 --> 03:34:50,320 SENIOR. 4961 03:34:50,320 --> 03:34:51,320 SO THIS IS REFLECTING THE 4962 03:34:51,320 --> 03:34:53,720 COMMUNITY CONCERNS CELL 4963 03:34:53,720 --> 03:34:56,360 ASSISTANT PROFESSORS MAKE UP A 4964 03:34:56,360 --> 03:34:57,680 VERY SMALL PROPORTION OF 4965 03:34:57,680 --> 03:35:03,200 SINGLE SPONSORS. 4966 03:35:03,200 --> 03:35:15,640 LOOKING AT REVIEW OUTCOMES AND 4967 03:35:15,640 --> 03:35:20,800 HOW THOSE TRACK WITH THE BANK 4968 03:35:20,800 --> 03:35:21,400 225 APPLICATIONS INCLUDE AN 4969 03:35:21,400 --> 03:35:24,440 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SPONSOR 4970 03:35:24,440 --> 03:35:29,200 , 55 PERCENT OF THOSE WERE NOT 4971 03:35:29,200 --> 03:35:29,440 DISCUSSED. 4972 03:35:29,440 --> 03:35:36,280 A FULL PROFESSOR AND THOSE 4973 03:35:36,280 --> 03:35:36,840 THAT WERE NOT DISCUSSED AND 4974 03:35:36,840 --> 03:35:39,920 THEY CAN DO BETTER THAN THOSE 4975 03:35:39,920 --> 03:35:43,800 THAT DO BETTER THAN FULL 4976 03:35:43,800 --> 03:35:48,200 PROFESSOR THAT IS LIKE 18 OR 4977 03:35:48,200 --> 03:35:51,200 ANOTHER TITLE OR CHAIR OR 4978 03:35:51,200 --> 03:35:59,360 SOMETHING LIKE THAT. 4979 03:35:59,360 --> 03:35:59,800 SO THE REVIEW OUTCOMES 4980 03:35:59,800 --> 03:36:00,400 IMPROVED AS THE ACADEMIC RANK 4981 03:36:00,400 --> 03:36:07,280 THE SPONSOR IMPROVES WE WENT 4982 03:36:07,280 --> 03:36:09,080 TO LOOK AT WHO IS SUBMITTING 4983 03:36:09,080 --> 03:36:09,600 THE APPLICATIONS AND THOSE 4984 03:36:09,600 --> 03:36:21,960 TYPES OF SUFFICIENT. 4985 03:36:21,960 --> 03:36:22,560 THE NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS AND 4986 03:36:22,560 --> 03:36:23,120 APPLICATIONS SO IN THE LAST 4987 03:36:23,120 --> 03:36:25,000 YEAR WITH THE THREE ROUNDS OF 4988 03:36:25,000 --> 03:36:27,120 DATA LAST YEAR 106 4989 03:36:27,120 --> 03:36:32,000 INSTITUTIONS SUBMITTED TO THE 4990 03:36:32,000 --> 03:36:34,080 NIH 15 SENATE OVER 100 4991 03:36:34,080 --> 03:36:39,360 APPLICATION THAT IS VERY 4992 03:36:39,360 --> 03:36:42,120 SCREWED THAT INTEREST OUR 4993 03:36:42,120 --> 03:36:46,280 WORKING GROUP INCLUDES THREE 4994 03:36:46,280 --> 03:36:48,040 OF THESE INSTITUTIONS 4995 03:36:48,040 --> 03:36:50,200 REPRESENTED COMING UP WITH 4996 03:36:50,200 --> 03:36:55,880 THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS THOSE 4997 03:36:55,880 --> 03:37:03,640 ARE FACTORIES ARE PRODUCING 4998 03:37:03,640 --> 03:37:04,680 FELLOWSHIP AND NOT 4999 03:37:04,680 --> 03:37:05,800 UNEXPECTEDLY BASED ON THOSE 5000 03:37:05,800 --> 03:37:12,200 THAT ARE SUBMITTED THOSE THAT 5001 03:37:12,200 --> 03:37:14,040 SUBMIT BETWEEN ONE TO 25 5002 03:37:14,040 --> 03:37:16,360 APPLICATIONS THE LAST CALENDAR 5003 03:37:16,360 --> 03:37:20,000 YEAR 53 PERCENT WERE NOT 5004 03:37:20,000 --> 03:37:20,680 SUPPORTED THOSE THAT SUBMITTED 5005 03:37:20,680 --> 03:37:23,000 100 PLUS APPLICATIONS WERE NOT 5006 03:37:23,000 --> 03:37:27,120 SCORED WITH THE HIGH IMPACTS 5007 03:37:27,120 --> 03:37:34,000 NOT UNEXPECTED SO THE 5008 03:37:34,000 --> 03:37:39,400 COMMUNITY FEEDBACK IT IS 5009 03:37:39,400 --> 03:37:40,360 SUPPORTED BY THE DATA AND THE 5010 03:37:40,360 --> 03:37:44,160 SOLICITED FEEDBACK SO IT IS 5011 03:37:44,160 --> 03:37:49,640 PRETTY RESOUNDING. 5012 03:37:49,640 --> 03:37:51,680 SO JUST A SMALL NUMBER OF 5013 03:37:51,680 --> 03:37:57,280 APPLICATIONS SO THE KNOWLEDGE 5014 03:37:57,280 --> 03:37:57,800 AND THE RESOURCES AND THE 5015 03:37:57,800 --> 03:37:58,360 ABILITY TO WRITE A REALLY 5016 03:37:58,360 --> 03:37:59,840 STRONG APPLICATION IS AN 5017 03:37:59,840 --> 03:38:05,400 EVENLY DISTRIBUTED THOSE THAT 5018 03:38:05,400 --> 03:38:06,280 ARE COMING FROM HIGH THE 5019 03:38:06,280 --> 03:38:10,800 RESOURCE SCHOOLS IS A HAVE 5020 03:38:10,800 --> 03:38:14,480 SENIOR SCIENTISTS ARE A BETTER 5021 03:38:14,480 --> 03:38:19,240 AND THEN THE BOTTOM LINE 5022 03:38:19,240 --> 03:38:19,720 CONCERN IS LEAVING OUT 5023 03:38:19,720 --> 03:38:20,240 PROMISING YOUNG SCIENTIST 5024 03:38:20,240 --> 03:38:27,480 BECAUSE HE EVER PROCESS FOR 5025 03:38:27,480 --> 03:38:28,320 SENIOR SPONSORS AS AN OVERLY 5026 03:38:28,320 --> 03:38:31,600 NARROW FOCUS WITH TRADITIONAL 5027 03:38:31,600 --> 03:38:40,280 MARKERS OF SUCCESS AND SO THE 5028 03:38:40,280 --> 03:38:45,320 WORKING GROUP WITH THAT 5029 03:38:45,320 --> 03:38:47,200 CAREFUL PROCESS COMES UP WITH 5030 03:38:47,200 --> 03:38:49,360 RECOMMENDATIONS THE TWO MAJOR 5031 03:38:49,360 --> 03:38:52,520 RECOMMENDATIONS WHICH IS 5032 03:38:52,520 --> 03:39:02,520 MODIFY THE REVIEW CRITERIA AND 5033 03:39:02,520 --> 03:39:03,000 THEN THE INFORMATION THE 5034 03:39:03,000 --> 03:39:03,600 REVIEWERS HAVE ACCESS TO AND 5035 03:39:03,600 --> 03:39:04,160 ME WILL TALK ABOUT THAT MORE 5036 03:39:04,160 --> 03:39:04,680 IN DETAIL WITH ADDITIONAL 5037 03:39:04,680 --> 03:39:05,920 RECOMMENDATIONS WITH OUTREACH 5038 03:39:05,920 --> 03:39:08,560 AND TRAINING AND PROCESS AS 5039 03:39:08,560 --> 03:39:13,520 WELL AS NIH WITH HONORABLE 5040 03:39:13,520 --> 03:39:16,280 MENTIONS WHO MISSED THE CUT 5041 03:39:16,280 --> 03:39:19,160 OFF. 5042 03:39:19,160 --> 03:39:24,800 AND WHAT TYPES OF CAREER GOALS 5043 03:39:24,800 --> 03:39:25,360 I WILL NOT GET INTO THESE 5044 03:39:25,360 --> 03:39:36,120 ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS SO 5045 03:39:36,120 --> 03:39:37,080 BEFORE WE GET THERE THE THREE 5046 03:39:37,080 --> 03:39:42,360 MAIN GOALS TO MODIFY THE 5047 03:39:42,360 --> 03:39:43,160 REVIEW CRITERIA ABOUT ONE IS 5048 03:39:43,160 --> 03:39:48,400 BETTER FOCUS ON THE THINGS 5049 03:39:48,400 --> 03:39:49,440 THAT MATTER FOR A STRONG 5050 03:39:49,440 --> 03:39:54,000 FELLOWSHIP APPLICANT THE 5051 03:39:54,000 --> 03:39:54,600 POTENTIAL OF THE STUDENT, THE 5052 03:39:54,600 --> 03:39:57,000 STRENGTH OF THE SCIENCE IN THE 5053 03:39:57,000 --> 03:40:04,000 QUALITY AND THEY MEAN THESE 5054 03:40:04,000 --> 03:40:04,600 THREE MAIN CRITERIA ALSO TO 5055 03:40:04,600 --> 03:40:07,080 DEFINE CRITERIA IN A WAY THAT 5056 03:40:07,080 --> 03:40:09,880 ALLOWS MORE NONTRADITIONAL 5057 03:40:09,880 --> 03:40:13,880 APPLICANTS TO BE STRONG SMART 5058 03:40:13,880 --> 03:40:15,800 AND HAVE A CHANCE IN 5059 03:40:15,800 --> 03:40:20,800 SUCCEEDING WITHOUT 5060 03:40:20,800 --> 03:40:21,400 DISADVANTAGING THOSE THAT ARE 5061 03:40:21,400 --> 03:40:21,960 ALREADY ON A TRAJECTORY IN 5062 03:40:21,960 --> 03:40:23,200 THAT WOULD INCLUDE EVALUATING 5063 03:40:23,200 --> 03:40:25,440 THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF EACH 5064 03:40:25,440 --> 03:40:27,400 INDIVIDUAL AND THEIR 5065 03:40:27,400 --> 03:40:29,120 OPPORTUNITIES AND OTHER 5066 03:40:29,120 --> 03:40:34,760 PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT 5067 03:40:34,760 --> 03:40:39,960 CORRELATE TO SUCCESS OR 5068 03:40:39,960 --> 03:40:45,480 PERSISTENCE AND TENACITY. 5069 03:40:45,480 --> 03:40:46,520 OF COURSE TO REDUCE THE BIAS 5070 03:40:46,520 --> 03:40:51,800 OF RPG BY NOT HAVING SPONSOR 5071 03:40:51,800 --> 03:40:54,760 AN INSTITUTIONAL REPUTATION 5072 03:40:54,760 --> 03:40:55,360 PLAYED AN APPROPRIATE ROLE OF 5073 03:40:55,360 --> 03:40:59,000 THE ASSESSMENT IT IS CRITICAL 5074 03:40:59,000 --> 03:41:04,000 TO A STRONG TRADING PLAN BUT 5075 03:41:04,000 --> 03:41:04,600 NOT NECESSARILY JUST BECAUSE 5076 03:41:04,600 --> 03:41:07,200 OF THE REPUTATION SO TO 5077 03:41:07,200 --> 03:41:10,800 EVALUATE THE SPONSOR WITH 5078 03:41:10,800 --> 03:41:13,800 RESPECT TO THE QUALITY OF THE 5079 03:41:13,800 --> 03:41:22,000 SCIENCE HERE IS THE CURRENT 5080 03:41:22,000 --> 03:41:24,760 REVIEW THERE IS APPLICANT IN A 5081 03:41:24,760 --> 03:41:27,720 CRITERION FOR RESEARCH TRADING 5082 03:41:27,720 --> 03:41:29,760 PLAN AND THE INSTITUTIONAL 5083 03:41:29,760 --> 03:41:33,800 ENVIRONMENT. 5084 03:41:33,800 --> 03:41:39,680 THE WORKING GROUP RECOMMENDED 5085 03:41:39,680 --> 03:41:41,680 THOSE THAT CONTRIBUTE TO 5086 03:41:41,680 --> 03:41:46,160 REPUTATION ALL BIAS OF A 5087 03:41:46,160 --> 03:41:49,120 STRONG SPONSOR AND INSTITUTION 5088 03:41:49,120 --> 03:41:57,360 AND INCORPORATE THEM SO IT IS 5089 03:41:57,360 --> 03:42:04,600 STILL IMPORTANT IN THE CONTEXT 5090 03:42:04,600 --> 03:42:07,640 OF WHAT TYPES OF TRADING PLANS 5091 03:42:07,640 --> 03:42:12,600 ARE AVAILABLE. 5092 03:42:12,600 --> 03:42:13,000 SO THIS IS WHERE THE 5093 03:42:13,000 --> 03:42:18,320 APPLICATION COMES IN SO THEN 5094 03:42:18,320 --> 03:42:23,600 TO CHANGE THE APPLICATION TO 5095 03:42:23,600 --> 03:42:28,440 ASSESS THOSE APPLICATIONS. 5096 03:42:28,440 --> 03:42:30,880 SO FIRST IN THE MOST 5097 03:42:30,880 --> 03:42:31,400 OVERWHELMING RESOUNDING 5098 03:42:31,400 --> 03:42:34,720 FEEDBACK WE HEARD FROM THE 5099 03:42:34,720 --> 03:42:37,200 COMMUNITY ACROSS THE BOARD WAS 5100 03:42:37,200 --> 03:42:44,200 TO ELIMINATE BUT INSTEAD OF 5101 03:42:44,200 --> 03:42:44,760 THOSE FORCES THE STUDENT HAS 5102 03:42:44,760 --> 03:42:45,480 TAKEN THIS WAS SUPPORTED 5103 03:42:45,480 --> 03:42:46,920 ACROSS THE BOARD FROM THE 5104 03:42:46,920 --> 03:42:50,920 ADVISORY COUNCIL FROM THE 5105 03:42:50,920 --> 03:42:54,840 COMMUNITY AND AGAIN THIS IS 5106 03:42:54,840 --> 03:43:00,080 BECAUSE SO GRADES ARE NOT 5107 03:43:00,080 --> 03:43:00,800 NECESSARILY AN INDICATOR OF 5108 03:43:00,800 --> 03:43:07,920 SUCCESS AS A SCIENTIST SOMEONE 5109 03:43:07,920 --> 03:43:16,200 THOSE MEETINGS SO THIS IS IN 5110 03:43:16,200 --> 03:43:19,000 LINE WITH THAT. 5111 03:43:19,000 --> 03:43:25,600 THE SECOND RECOMMENDATION THIS 5112 03:43:25,600 --> 03:43:26,200 IS THE SECTION THE APPLICANT 5113 03:43:26,200 --> 03:43:26,880 FILLS OUT AND THEY SUGGESTED 5114 03:43:26,880 --> 03:43:29,840 REVISING THE WITH THE PROPOSED 5115 03:43:29,840 --> 03:43:30,320 CRITERIA TO ALLOW THE 5116 03:43:30,320 --> 03:43:32,640 APPLICANT A CHANCE TO PRESENT 5117 03:43:32,640 --> 03:43:36,800 THEIR SCIENTIFIC THINKING AND 5118 03:43:36,800 --> 03:43:39,600 THEIR GOALS FOR THE 5119 03:43:39,600 --> 03:43:41,440 FELLOWSHIP. 5120 03:43:41,440 --> 03:43:43,480 THERE IS A LOT OF REPEATED 5121 03:43:43,480 --> 03:43:48,240 INFORMATION THESE ARE SHORTER 5122 03:43:48,240 --> 03:43:57,280 BUT STRUCTURED AND FOCUSED AND 5123 03:43:57,280 --> 03:43:57,840 THEN TO DO A SELF-ASSESSMENT 5124 03:43:57,840 --> 03:44:01,680 ABOUT THE GOALS TO DESCRIBE 5125 03:44:01,680 --> 03:44:04,520 THE ACTIVITIES UNDER THE AWARD 5126 03:44:04,520 --> 03:44:07,480 PROPOSAL. 5127 03:44:07,480 --> 03:44:08,000 SO THIS IS IMPORTANT THE 5128 03:44:08,000 --> 03:44:11,320 CURRENT RESEARCH TRAINING PLAN 5129 03:44:11,320 --> 03:44:16,240 THE STRATEGY AND CONTRIBUTIONS 5130 03:44:16,240 --> 03:44:18,320 AND THAT IS IN THE FELLOWSHIP 5131 03:44:18,320 --> 03:44:22,400 APPLICATIONS THE OTHER TO 5132 03:44:22,400 --> 03:44:27,920 REVISE THE SPONSOR SECTION TO 5133 03:44:27,920 --> 03:44:28,440 ALIGN WITH THE NEW REVIEW 5134 03:44:28,440 --> 03:44:32,960 CRITERIA WHICH MEANS INSTEAD 5135 03:44:32,960 --> 03:44:37,960 OF WHAT WOULD BE INCLUDED BUT 5136 03:44:37,960 --> 03:44:41,080 REALLY A GREATER EMPHASIS ON 5137 03:44:41,080 --> 03:44:44,040 HOW THE SPONSOR WILL TRAIN THE 5138 03:44:44,040 --> 03:44:49,480 STUDENT REALLY IS MUCH MORE 5139 03:44:49,480 --> 03:44:50,000 ABOUT THE APPROACH AND THE 5140 03:44:50,000 --> 03:44:54,200 TARGETED PLAN FOR THE STUDENT 5141 03:44:54,200 --> 03:44:55,200 AND ASKING A NUMBER OF 5142 03:44:55,200 --> 03:44:59,880 DIFFERENT QUESTIONS THEY 5143 03:44:59,880 --> 03:45:00,800 SUGGESTED REVISING THE LETTERS 5144 03:45:00,800 --> 03:45:06,200 OF SUPPORT THIS IS WHAT 5145 03:45:06,200 --> 03:45:06,640 SPECIFICALLY SHOULD BE 5146 03:45:06,640 --> 03:45:09,520 TARGETED TO THE STUDENT OR TO 5147 03:45:09,520 --> 03:45:16,160 THE APPLICANT IT'S MUCH MORE 5148 03:45:16,160 --> 03:45:16,760 ON SPECIFIC QUESTIONS BECAUSE 5149 03:45:16,760 --> 03:45:17,360 LETTERS OF SUPPORT ONLY HAVE 5150 03:45:17,360 --> 03:45:21,000 ONE LANGUAGE THAT DOESN'T HELP 5151 03:45:21,000 --> 03:45:26,640 DIFFERENTIATE AND THEN THE 5152 03:45:26,640 --> 03:45:31,240 LAST RECOMMENDATION IS TO 5153 03:45:31,240 --> 03:45:31,800 ALLOW AN OPTIONAL STATEMENT 5154 03:45:31,800 --> 03:45:36,880 SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES BECAUSE 5155 03:45:36,880 --> 03:45:37,480 WE HAVE HEARD SITUATIONS WHERE 5156 03:45:37,480 --> 03:45:42,800 THERE HAVE BEEN HARASSMENT AND 5157 03:45:42,800 --> 03:45:46,800 THEN THE PANDEMIC AND OTHER 5158 03:45:46,800 --> 03:45:47,400 CIRCUMSTANCES THERE IS A LOT 5159 03:45:47,400 --> 03:45:51,280 OF DISCUSSION RELATED TO THIS 5160 03:45:51,280 --> 03:45:54,080 TO MAKE SURE IT DOES NOT 5161 03:45:54,080 --> 03:45:55,600 BECOME REQUIRED BUT I'M 5162 03:45:55,600 --> 03:45:58,400 INTERESTED TO HEAR YOUR 5163 03:45:58,400 --> 03:45:59,400 THOUGHTS. 5164 03:45:59,400 --> 03:46:03,560 THE CURRENT STATUS IS WE WILL 5165 03:46:03,560 --> 03:46:07,360 HAVE A DISCUSSION HERE TODAY 5166 03:46:07,360 --> 03:46:11,320 IN THE FEBRUARY MARCH 5167 03:46:11,320 --> 03:46:14,640 TIMEFRAME IF YOU WANT MORE 5168 03:46:14,640 --> 03:46:15,240 INFORMATION THERE IS A REPORT 5169 03:46:15,240 --> 03:46:19,200 PUBLISHED ON THE CSR WEBSITE 5170 03:46:19,200 --> 03:46:20,360 WHICH IS AN HOUR AND 15 5171 03:46:20,360 --> 03:46:23,080 MINUTES LONG WITH THE DETAILS 5172 03:46:23,080 --> 03:46:37,240 AT THE COUNCIL MEETING I CAN 5173 03:46:37,240 --> 03:46:48,440 TAKE QUESTIONS. 5174 03:46:48,440 --> 03:46:52,720 >> I MISS THIS POINT BUT THE 5175 03:46:52,720 --> 03:46:57,480 BIAS IN THE OFF PUT THAT 5176 03:46:57,480 --> 03:47:00,720 PRODUCES ARE WE MISSING THE 5177 03:47:00,720 --> 03:47:03,080 MARK FROM THAT PARTICULAR 5178 03:47:03,080 --> 03:47:08,920 ASPECT TO APPROPRIATELY 5179 03:47:08,920 --> 03:47:10,120 ADDRESS DIVERSITY? 5180 03:47:10,120 --> 03:47:15,760 >> I'M SORRY I MISSED PART OF 5181 03:47:15,760 --> 03:47:17,120 IT SO WHAT YOU ARE SAYING IS 5182 03:47:17,120 --> 03:47:21,400 WE SHOULD ADDRESS DIVERSITY 5183 03:47:21,400 --> 03:47:21,600 QUICK. 5184 03:47:21,600 --> 03:47:24,480 >> OF THE REVIEW COMMITTEES. 5185 03:47:24,480 --> 03:47:25,960 >> THANK YOU FOR THAT 5186 03:47:25,960 --> 03:47:26,200 QUESTION. 5187 03:47:26,200 --> 03:47:31,440 THIS IS ONE SMALLER PART TO 5188 03:47:31,440 --> 03:47:35,320 CHANGE THE PROCESS TO PREVENT 5189 03:47:35,320 --> 03:47:39,000 TOBIAS FROM COMING IN CSR HAS 5190 03:47:39,000 --> 03:47:41,960 A NUMBER OF MULTIPRONGED 5191 03:47:41,960 --> 03:47:45,000 EFFORTS I HOPE YOU HAD A 5192 03:47:45,000 --> 03:47:47,800 CHANCE TO TAKE THE BIAS 5193 03:47:47,800 --> 03:47:48,800 AWARENESS TRAINING WE HAVE 5194 03:47:48,800 --> 03:47:50,560 DIVERSIFIED THE PANELS 5195 03:47:50,560 --> 03:47:55,720 SIGNIFICANTLY WE ARE 5196 03:47:55,720 --> 03:47:56,280 CONTINUING TO DIVERSIFY THE 5197 03:47:56,280 --> 03:47:56,920 PANEL TO CREATE A DATABASE 5198 03:47:56,920 --> 03:48:08,200 THAT ALLOW IT WITH THE 5199 03:48:08,200 --> 03:48:16,560 REPORTING BIAS AND INTO WE 5200 03:48:16,560 --> 03:48:17,840 REVIEW THE APPLICATION TO LOOK 5201 03:48:17,840 --> 03:48:26,280 BACK AT THE REVIEWER TO MAKE 5202 03:48:26,280 --> 03:48:26,880 SURE THEY UNDERSTAND THAT IS A 5203 03:48:26,880 --> 03:48:27,360 BIAS STATEMENT AND IF 5204 03:48:27,360 --> 03:48:27,880 NECESSARY LITTLE FROM THE 5205 03:48:27,880 --> 03:48:28,600 COMMITTEE TAKING STEPS THIS IS 5206 03:48:28,600 --> 03:48:34,200 JUST A PART THAT FOCUSES ON 5207 03:48:34,200 --> 03:48:40,160 THE REVIEW CRITERIA. 5208 03:48:40,160 --> 03:48:49,600 >> I JUST HAVE A QUESTION ON 5209 03:48:49,600 --> 03:48:52,920 FACTOR THREE WITH THE OVERALL 5210 03:48:52,920 --> 03:49:01,520 IMPACT TAKING AND IMPORTANT 5211 03:49:01,520 --> 03:49:08,160 STEP OF HOW THE FIRST PART IS 5212 03:49:08,160 --> 03:49:08,400 FACTORED. 5213 03:49:08,400 --> 03:49:09,000 NOT THE END OF THE DAY YOU GO 5214 03:49:09,000 --> 03:49:15,280 BACK TO THIS NUMBER THAT 5215 03:49:15,280 --> 03:49:18,200 REPRESENTS THE FULL PROPOSAL 5216 03:49:18,200 --> 03:49:25,720 SO ONE QUESTION IS MEANT BY 5217 03:49:25,720 --> 03:49:26,600 NOT IMPACTING? 5218 03:49:26,600 --> 03:49:32,200 DID SOMEBODY SAY SOMETHING 5219 03:49:32,200 --> 03:49:32,800 NEGATIVE FOR CANADA POSITIVELY 5220 03:49:32,800 --> 03:49:34,600 IMPACT AS WELL AND HOW DO YOU 5221 03:49:34,600 --> 03:49:37,400 THINK ABOUT THAT STEP WHEN YOU 5222 03:49:37,400 --> 03:49:43,800 TAKE THAT SECOND STEP BACK. 5223 03:49:43,800 --> 03:49:46,840 >> THAT'S AN EXCELLENT 5224 03:49:46,840 --> 03:49:47,680 QUESTION AND I WILL GIVE YOU 5225 03:49:47,680 --> 03:49:49,760 MY TAKE ON IT. 5226 03:49:49,760 --> 03:49:55,240 WE ARE TRYING TO REMOVE THE 5227 03:49:55,240 --> 03:49:58,480 SCORES MOVING TO THE BETTER 5228 03:49:58,480 --> 03:50:00,160 JUST BECAUSE OF RECOGNITION OR 5229 03:50:00,160 --> 03:50:01,120 REPUTATION. 5230 03:50:01,120 --> 03:50:04,480 BUT IF THERE IS A CONCERN WITH 5231 03:50:04,480 --> 03:50:06,440 NO RESOURCES TO DO THE WORK OR 5232 03:50:06,440 --> 03:50:09,120 IF THE REVIEWERS FEEL THEY ARE 5233 03:50:09,120 --> 03:50:14,760 NOT QUALIFIED FOR SOME REASON 5234 03:50:14,760 --> 03:50:15,280 ALL WE WANT IS A SPECIFIC 5235 03:50:15,280 --> 03:50:17,400 STATEMENT OF WHAT THAT GAP IS 5236 03:50:17,400 --> 03:50:18,360 AND THAT SHOULD HAVE MET THE 5237 03:50:18,360 --> 03:50:27,960 OVERALL SCORE IF THE RESOURCES 5238 03:50:27,960 --> 03:50:28,520 ARE NOT AVAILABLE IT SHOULD 5239 03:50:28,520 --> 03:50:29,080 AFFECT THE OVERALL SCORE BUT 5240 03:50:29,080 --> 03:50:29,600 IT WOULD BRING IT DOWN. 5241 03:50:29,600 --> 03:50:30,160 I THINK THAT HAS TO COME OUT 5242 03:50:30,160 --> 03:50:31,320 AND TRAINING THAT YOU BUMP UP 5243 03:50:31,320 --> 03:50:38,800 THE SCORE FOR FACTOR THREE 5244 03:50:38,800 --> 03:50:39,320 JUST BECAUSE OF THE FAMOUS 5245 03:50:39,320 --> 03:50:40,720 PERSON OR APPROPRIATE DOES NOT 5246 03:50:40,720 --> 03:50:51,360 MEAN THE PERSON GETS IT. 5247 03:50:51,360 --> 03:50:51,960 WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THERE IS 5248 03:50:51,960 --> 03:50:54,400 AN OVERALL SCORE IF THERE IS A 5249 03:50:54,400 --> 03:51:03,680 GAP. 5250 03:51:03,680 --> 03:51:04,240 >> I HAVE THE SAME QUESTION 5251 03:51:04,240 --> 03:51:05,120 BUT I FEEL THAT YOU DID NOT 5252 03:51:05,120 --> 03:51:08,680 ANSWER IT. 5253 03:51:08,680 --> 03:51:09,920 SO SUPPOSE A FELLOWSHIP 5254 03:51:09,920 --> 03:51:13,720 APPLICATION COMES IN AND IT IS 5255 03:51:13,720 --> 03:51:17,640 FANTASTIC AND SIGNIFICANT AND 5256 03:51:17,640 --> 03:51:23,360 IMPORTANT AND CREATIVE YOU 5257 03:51:23,360 --> 03:51:26,320 CONSIDER THE FACT IT IS 5258 03:51:26,320 --> 03:51:30,840 RIGOROUS TICKETS TO, NUMBER 5259 03:51:30,840 --> 03:51:34,360 NINE THE APPLICATIONS FABULOUS 5260 03:51:34,360 --> 03:51:39,560 THAN THE THIRD FACTOR IS 5261 03:51:39,560 --> 03:51:44,160 INAPPROPRIATE SO THEN THIS IS 5262 03:51:44,160 --> 03:51:49,800 ALL MATH BUT YET IT IS 5263 03:51:49,800 --> 03:51:55,320 WISHY-WASHY STATEMENT IMPACT 5264 03:51:55,320 --> 03:51:57,760 ON CURIOUS HOW YOU START TO 5265 03:51:57,760 --> 03:52:08,440 IMPACT THE SCORE. 5266 03:52:08,440 --> 03:52:08,920 IF IT IS INAPPROPRIATE 5267 03:52:08,920 --> 03:52:10,840 RESOURCES IS NOT FUNDED? 5268 03:52:10,840 --> 03:52:13,800 I DON'T UNDERSTAND THAT THIRD 5269 03:52:13,800 --> 03:52:17,800 FACTOR. 5270 03:52:17,800 --> 03:52:18,320 >> THEY TALKED ABOUT TWO 5271 03:52:18,320 --> 03:52:23,200 DIFFERENT THINGS TODAY THE ONE 5272 03:52:23,200 --> 03:52:26,080 FACTOR BEING EXPERTISE AND 5273 03:52:26,080 --> 03:52:29,840 RESOURCES THAT IS FOR THE RPG 5274 03:52:29,840 --> 03:52:30,600 BEFORE THE FELLOWSHIP IT'S NOT 5275 03:52:30,600 --> 03:52:35,120 THE FACTOR OR SCORING THE 5276 03:52:35,120 --> 03:52:36,000 FACTORS ALTHOUGH THERE WERE 5277 03:52:36,000 --> 03:52:38,520 THREE CRITERIA. 5278 03:52:38,520 --> 03:52:41,880 LET'S ASSUME YOU ARE TALKING 5279 03:52:41,880 --> 03:52:42,640 ABOUT THE APPLICATION THAT 5280 03:52:42,640 --> 03:52:47,920 COMES IN INSTEAD OF FELLOWSHIP 5281 03:52:47,920 --> 03:52:51,840 THE RESOURCES ARE ABSENT WHERE 5282 03:52:51,840 --> 03:52:54,320 THERE IS SOME KEY PIECE THAT 5283 03:52:54,320 --> 03:52:58,600 IS MISSING OR THE INVESTIGATOR 5284 03:52:58,600 --> 03:52:59,320 HAS NOT BEEN TRAINED IN THE 5285 03:52:59,320 --> 03:53:02,840 APPROACHES PROPOSED, THAT 5286 03:53:02,840 --> 03:53:06,640 SHOULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE 5287 03:53:06,640 --> 03:53:07,120 OVERALL IMPACT SCORE. 5288 03:53:07,120 --> 03:53:10,760 >> HOW? 5289 03:53:10,760 --> 03:53:12,800 IF YOU HAVE A FANTASTIC 5290 03:53:12,800 --> 03:53:16,920 APPLICATION WE BE HAS WRITTEN 5291 03:53:16,920 --> 03:53:20,720 A FABULOUS APPLICATION BUT YET 5292 03:53:20,720 --> 03:53:23,160 YOU SAY THAT ALL HAVE THE 5293 03:53:23,160 --> 03:53:31,160 EXPERTISE MAYBE THIS PERSON IS 5294 03:53:31,160 --> 03:53:31,760 A SMART MAYBE THEY CAN GET ON 5295 03:53:31,760 --> 03:53:32,280 THEIR OWN BUT I AM REALLY 5296 03:53:32,280 --> 03:53:32,800 CURIOUS HOW YOU USE THAT 5297 03:53:32,800 --> 03:53:35,520 FACTOR NUMBER THREE TO CHANGE 5298 03:53:35,520 --> 03:53:36,400 THE SCORE WHEN YOU SAY IT IS 5299 03:53:36,400 --> 03:53:42,160 NOT SCOREABLE. 5300 03:53:42,160 --> 03:53:47,560 >> EVEN NOW WITH THE FIVE 5301 03:53:47,560 --> 03:53:49,680 CRITERIA REVIEWERS HAVE TO 5302 03:53:49,680 --> 03:53:50,240 EXPLAIN WHAT CAUSED THEM TO 5303 03:53:50,240 --> 03:53:54,600 GET THE OVERALL IMPACT SCORE 5304 03:53:54,600 --> 03:53:55,200 THEY HAVE TO DO THAT WITH THE 5305 03:53:55,200 --> 03:53:59,200 FACTOR -BASED SYSTEM WITH THE 5306 03:53:59,200 --> 03:54:02,560 GAP THE RESOURCES. 5307 03:54:02,560 --> 03:54:05,600 IT'S NOT A MATHEMATICAL 5308 03:54:05,600 --> 03:54:09,800 FORMULA IT IS NOT NOW IT WILL 5309 03:54:09,800 --> 03:54:11,920 NOT BE THAT BUT THE IMPORTANT 5310 03:54:11,920 --> 03:54:16,840 TWO FACTORS IS THE DASHES 5311 03:54:16,840 --> 03:54:17,400 CLEARED THE THIRD FACTOR YOU 5312 03:54:17,400 --> 03:54:17,880 WANT THE EXPERTISE AND 5313 03:54:17,880 --> 03:54:27,200 RESOURCES TO BE THERE FOR MOST 5314 03:54:27,200 --> 03:54:31,720 PEOPLE IT WILL BRING IT DOWN 5315 03:54:31,720 --> 03:54:32,280 THOSE TO JUSTIFY TO THE REST 5316 03:54:32,280 --> 03:54:38,640 OF THE COMMITTEE. 5317 03:54:38,640 --> 03:54:39,240 >> YOU DON'T FEEL LIKE YOU ARE 5318 03:54:39,240 --> 03:54:39,800 ANSWERING MY QUESTION BUT 5319 03:54:39,800 --> 03:54:42,280 LET'S MOVE ON. 5320 03:54:42,280 --> 03:54:45,000 APPARENTLY IN JANUARY IT WILL 5321 03:54:45,000 --> 03:54:49,200 BE A DATA SHARING PLAN AND 5322 03:54:49,200 --> 03:54:51,960 WHERE WILL THAT COME? 5323 03:54:51,960 --> 03:54:54,920 THAT FACTOR NUMBER TWO THERE 5324 03:54:54,920 --> 03:54:56,800 IS THAT PART OF ADDITIONAL 5325 03:54:56,800 --> 03:54:57,880 INFORMATION? 5326 03:54:57,880 --> 03:55:01,520 THAT WAS NOT LISTED IN YOUR 5327 03:55:01,520 --> 03:55:02,000 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. 5328 03:55:02,000 --> 03:55:11,320 >> IT IS NOT THAT DATA SHARING 5329 03:55:11,320 --> 03:55:14,400 IS SIMPLY LOOKING AT THE 5330 03:55:14,400 --> 03:55:16,920 BUDGET IF IT IS THAT 5331 03:55:16,920 --> 03:55:19,480 APPROPRIATE THAT THE REVIEW 5332 03:55:19,480 --> 03:55:20,480 WILL NOT EVALUATE THE DATA 5333 03:55:20,480 --> 03:55:26,200 SHARING PLAN. 5334 03:55:26,200 --> 03:55:29,880 >> CAN WE GO BACK TO THE 5335 03:55:29,880 --> 03:55:32,720 QUESTION HE FELT WAS NOT 5336 03:55:32,720 --> 03:55:33,360 ADDRESSED? 5337 03:55:33,360 --> 03:55:39,040 IN OTHER WORDS YOU HAVE THE 5338 03:55:39,040 --> 03:55:41,840 FIRST TWO ELEMENTS WHICH ARE 5339 03:55:41,840 --> 03:55:43,200 STORED EVERYBODY KNOWS WHAT 5340 03:55:43,200 --> 03:55:47,200 NINE AND EIGHT BUT THAT THIRD 5341 03:55:47,200 --> 03:55:49,880 ELEMENT IS NOT SCORED BUT 5342 03:55:49,880 --> 03:55:50,400 COMMENTED. 5343 03:55:50,400 --> 03:55:55,320 IS IT FAIR TO SAY, IF I PUT IN 5344 03:55:55,320 --> 03:55:59,520 AN APPLICATION AND I WENT TO 5345 03:55:59,520 --> 03:56:02,360 SOLVE THE STRUCTURE OF A 5346 03:56:02,360 --> 03:56:08,800 MOLECULE AND NOWHERE IS THERE 5347 03:56:08,800 --> 03:56:14,960 AT THE GOVERNOR ANY EVIDENCE 5348 03:56:14,960 --> 03:56:15,480 TO USE CRYO- TO SOLVE THE 5349 03:56:15,480 --> 03:56:15,760 STRUCTURE. 5350 03:56:15,760 --> 03:56:18,960 WOULD IT BE SAFE TO SAY 5351 03:56:18,960 --> 03:56:23,400 SOMEBODY WITH COMMENT HE IS 5352 03:56:23,400 --> 03:56:26,320 OKAY WHAT A BEAUTIFUL PROPOSAL 5353 03:56:26,320 --> 03:56:30,280 BUT HE'S NEVER DONE THE THINGS 5354 03:56:30,280 --> 03:56:32,320 HE SAYS HE CAN DO THE 5355 03:56:32,320 --> 03:56:36,560 COLLABORATORS DON'T SEEM TO 5356 03:56:36,560 --> 03:56:37,160 EITHER SO WHEN THE FINAL SCORE 5357 03:56:37,160 --> 03:56:42,880 IS ARRIVED AT IS THAT 5358 03:56:42,880 --> 03:56:46,200 CONSIDERED AS PART OF THE 5359 03:56:46,200 --> 03:56:53,760 OVERALL SCORE OR BOTH WHEN THE 5360 03:56:53,760 --> 03:56:55,240 PROGRAM STAFF REVIEW THE 5361 03:56:55,240 --> 03:57:02,200 SUMMARY STATEMENT I PRESUME 5362 03:57:02,200 --> 03:57:02,800 THEY WILL BE FOR WHATEVER THAT 5363 03:57:02,800 --> 03:57:03,400 SPECIFIC COMMENT IS CORRECT AS 5364 03:57:03,400 --> 03:57:07,000 OPPOSED TO WHAT HAPPENS NOW 5365 03:57:07,000 --> 03:57:08,000 WITH THE SCORE BUT YOU DON'T 5366 03:57:08,000 --> 03:57:14,800 KNOW WHY MAKING THE NUMBERS 5367 03:57:14,800 --> 03:57:18,040 THAT SAID ABOUT ONCE I GOT A 5368 03:57:18,040 --> 03:57:22,880 SET BECAUSE THERE IS NO 5369 03:57:22,880 --> 03:57:23,440 STRUCTURAL STUDY IS THAT WAS 5370 03:57:23,440 --> 03:57:26,000 THE ESSENCE OF THIS IS? 5371 03:57:26,000 --> 03:57:34,200 >> EXACTLY THE GOAL IS TO MAKE 5372 03:57:34,200 --> 03:57:34,800 IT GET VERY SPECIFIC TO THE 5373 03:57:34,800 --> 03:57:36,040 CRITERIA RIGHT NOW THERE IS 5374 03:57:36,040 --> 03:57:38,920 THAT CAN BE PUT IN A SCORE TO 5375 03:57:38,920 --> 03:57:43,280 THE INVESTIGATOR THAT HERE WE 5376 03:57:43,280 --> 03:57:50,920 FORCE THE REVIEWERS TO ASSESS 5377 03:57:50,920 --> 03:57:51,400 BASED ON VERY SPECIFIC 5378 03:57:51,400 --> 03:57:51,960 CRITERIA OUTLINED VERY 5379 03:57:51,960 --> 03:57:56,160 SPECIFIC CONCERNS BUT IT 5380 03:57:56,160 --> 03:57:58,600 SHOULD INFORM THE OVERALL 5381 03:57:58,600 --> 03:57:58,800 SCORE. 5382 03:57:58,800 --> 03:58:07,840 IF IT WERE UP TO ME WE WOULD 5383 03:58:07,840 --> 03:58:11,120 GET VERY SPECIFIC. 5384 03:58:11,120 --> 03:58:12,240 >> DOES THAT HELP QUICK. 5385 03:58:12,240 --> 03:58:15,560 >> NOT MUCH BECAUSE THE DATA 5386 03:58:15,560 --> 03:58:23,000 POINT OF THE OVERALL SCORE AND 5387 03:58:23,000 --> 03:58:23,880 THAT IS NINE IF YOU GET TO 5388 03:58:23,880 --> 03:58:37,360 NUMBER NINES EDITS A NUMBER 5389 03:58:37,360 --> 03:58:37,920 FOUR IF YOU GET TO NINES BUT 5390 03:58:37,920 --> 03:58:38,440 THIS PERSON CANNOT DO IT? 5391 03:58:38,440 --> 03:58:39,000 >> I DON'T THINK THAT'S THE 5392 03:58:39,000 --> 03:58:39,200 CASE. 5393 03:58:39,200 --> 03:58:39,720 >> THAT'S WHAT IT SOUNDS 5394 03:58:39,720 --> 03:58:39,920 LIKE. 5395 03:58:39,920 --> 03:58:40,480 >> AT LEAST FOR NOW THE BIG 5396 03:58:40,480 --> 03:58:45,480 ADVANCES THEREFORE THERE WAS 5397 03:58:45,480 --> 03:58:49,400 VAGUENESS LIGHT ENVIRONMENT 5398 03:58:49,400 --> 03:58:55,280 WAS NOT GOT TO BE APPROPRIATE 5399 03:58:55,280 --> 03:58:55,840 FOR A PERSON'S BACKGROUND IS 5400 03:58:55,840 --> 03:58:57,040 NOT THOUGHT TO BE APPROPRIATE 5401 03:58:57,040 --> 03:59:01,280 BECAUSE SADLY IN MANY 5402 03:59:01,280 --> 03:59:05,920 INSTANCES BECAUSE THEY WERE 5403 03:59:05,920 --> 03:59:12,360 NOT IN A TOP TEN SCHOOL. 5404 03:59:12,360 --> 03:59:17,680 THIS IS SOMETHING I'VE WITHOUT 5405 03:59:17,680 --> 03:59:20,600 FOR 25 YEARS BECAUSE I LIVED 5406 03:59:20,600 --> 03:59:26,000 IT. 5407 03:59:26,000 --> 03:59:26,400 SO NOW AT LEAST WITH 5408 03:59:26,400 --> 03:59:27,080 SPECIFICITY THIS GUY SAYS HE 5409 03:59:27,080 --> 03:59:32,400 WILL DO XYZ SO YOUR POINT 5410 03:59:32,400 --> 03:59:35,920 MAYBE HE CAN FIGURE IT 5411 03:59:35,920 --> 03:59:42,120 OUT, BECAUSE I DID IT IS 5412 03:59:42,120 --> 03:59:45,400 APPROPRIATE AND IS UP TO THE 5413 03:59:45,400 --> 03:59:50,520 REVIEWERS AND IT'S UP TO 5414 03:59:50,520 --> 03:59:51,080 PROGRAM STAFF STATES NUMBER 5415 03:59:51,080 --> 03:59:56,560 TWO TO SAY WAY TO TAKE GOD AT 5416 03:59:56,560 --> 03:59:57,200 NINE AND NINE AND THIS COMMENT 5417 03:59:57,200 --> 03:59:59,960 XYZ AND I THINK THE PROGRAMS 5418 03:59:59,960 --> 04:00:03,040 THAT YOU USE THEIR INSIGHT IF 5419 04:00:03,040 --> 04:00:06,880 THAT MAKES SENSE NOT TO 5420 04:00:06,880 --> 04:00:09,800 SUPPORT THE APPLICATION GOING 5421 04:00:09,800 --> 04:00:12,280 FORWARD. 5422 04:00:12,280 --> 04:00:12,880 >> BUT THAT FACTOR NUMBER TWO 5423 04:00:12,880 --> 04:00:18,400 IS FEASIBILITY AND THEN CAN 5424 04:00:18,400 --> 04:00:20,280 ADDRESS IF IT IS FEASIBLE THE 5425 04:00:20,280 --> 04:00:24,640 APPLICANTS VIEW THE POWER TO 5426 04:00:24,640 --> 04:00:25,520 SAY IT IS FEASIBLE EVEN THOUGH 5427 04:00:25,520 --> 04:00:29,120 I DON'T HOW THAT EXPERTISE 5428 04:00:29,120 --> 04:00:30,400 BECAUSE. 5429 04:00:30,400 --> 04:00:36,360 >> THAT IS THE CASE NOW. 5430 04:00:36,360 --> 04:00:38,600 ABSOLUTELY. 5431 04:00:38,600 --> 04:00:39,200 >> I THANK YOU ARE RIGHT FOR A 5432 04:00:39,200 --> 04:00:39,760 GOOD PROPOSAL THAT ADDRESS 5433 04:00:39,760 --> 04:00:45,000 THAT HEAD ON THE OF IT'S NOT A 5434 04:00:45,000 --> 04:00:45,600 GOOD PROPOSAL AND I HEADED AND 5435 04:00:45,600 --> 04:00:49,160 WILL NOT GET THE NUMBER NINE? 5436 04:00:49,160 --> 04:00:51,160 IM UNCOMFORTABLE WITH THE 5437 04:00:51,160 --> 04:00:52,720 WISHY-WASHY OF NUMBER THREE. 5438 04:00:52,720 --> 04:01:01,960 >> IT IS MORE WISHY-WASHY NOW. 5439 04:01:01,960 --> 04:01:02,560 >> I THINK THIS REVEALS AS IT 5440 04:01:02,560 --> 04:01:03,120 GOES OUT INTO THE COMMUNITY 5441 04:01:03,120 --> 04:01:03,720 WHETHER OR NOT THIS COMES OUT 5442 04:01:03,720 --> 04:01:04,320 IN THE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION 5443 04:01:04,320 --> 04:01:06,400 OR NOT, I DON'T KNOW BUT IF 5444 04:01:06,400 --> 04:01:07,040 PEOPLE IT CLOSELY WHEN YOU PUT 5445 04:01:07,040 --> 04:01:14,560 INTO MOTION A LOT OF THIS WILL 5446 04:01:14,560 --> 04:01:15,280 GIVE GUARDRAILS MORE THAN 5447 04:01:15,280 --> 04:01:17,600 ANYTHING ELSE BECAUSE REALLY 5448 04:01:17,600 --> 04:01:20,600 THE JUDGMENT IS BE ALREADY AND 5449 04:01:20,600 --> 04:01:23,440 YOU ARE TRYING TO REMOVE THE 5450 04:01:23,440 --> 04:01:30,400 POSITIVE BIAS SO IT CAN'T HELP 5451 04:01:30,400 --> 04:01:31,000 YOU NOW THAT IT CAN DO YOU AND 5452 04:01:31,000 --> 04:01:33,400 WHAT IS DISTURBING TO SOME OF 5453 04:01:33,400 --> 04:01:37,560 US BY HOW MUCH? 5454 04:01:37,560 --> 04:01:40,600 IS THAT WILL CONSIDER IT OR 5455 04:01:40,600 --> 04:01:40,800 NOT. 5456 04:01:40,800 --> 04:01:45,520 >> RIGHT NOW THE APPROACH IS 5457 04:01:45,520 --> 04:01:48,800 SIGNIFICANT BY FAR THAT'S WHAT 5458 04:01:48,800 --> 04:01:51,600 YOU HAVE THE CORRELATION ARE 5459 04:01:51,600 --> 04:02:02,800 YOU ON THE CALL? 5460 04:02:02,800 --> 04:02:05,480 >> THAT'S AN IMPORTANT POINT 5461 04:02:05,480 --> 04:02:09,920 TO MAKE IT'S NOT BASED ON 5462 04:02:09,920 --> 04:02:21,200 ALGEBRA IT IS A SEPARATE 5463 04:02:21,200 --> 04:02:21,720 OVERALL THOUGHT OF WHAT IT 5464 04:02:21,720 --> 04:02:22,000 SHOULD BE. 5465 04:02:22,000 --> 04:02:22,560 WE HAVE DONE SOME EMPIRICAL 5466 04:02:22,560 --> 04:02:23,040 ANALYSIS FOR WHAT IS IT 5467 04:02:23,040 --> 04:02:26,120 STRONGLY CORRELATES WITH THE 5468 04:02:26,120 --> 04:02:26,720 IMPACT SCORE AND FAR AND AWAY 5469 04:02:26,720 --> 04:02:29,960 IT IS THE APPROACH WITH THE 5470 04:02:29,960 --> 04:02:32,840 INVESTIGATOR AND ENVIRONMENT 5471 04:02:32,840 --> 04:02:34,800 TO BE UNCORRELATED. 5472 04:02:34,800 --> 04:02:38,600 IF YOU HAVE A NUMBER ONE 5473 04:02:38,600 --> 04:02:40,440 APPROACHING THE SIGNIFICANCE A 5474 04:02:40,440 --> 04:02:44,000 NUMBER TWO WITH INVESTIGATOR 5475 04:02:44,000 --> 04:02:48,920 THEN IT'S NOT ONE PLUS ONE 5476 04:02:48,920 --> 04:02:50,760 PLUS TWO DIVIDED BY THREE IT 5477 04:02:50,760 --> 04:02:51,240 DOES NOT WORK THAT WAY. 5478 04:02:51,240 --> 04:03:01,440 IT IS AN OVERALL IMPRESSION 5479 04:03:01,440 --> 04:03:02,000 BASED ON A GENERAL CONSENT. 5480 04:03:02,000 --> 04:03:02,840 >> JUST TO CLOSE THE LOOP ON 5481 04:03:02,840 --> 04:03:05,640 THIS THOUGHT IF IT IS MORE 5482 04:03:05,640 --> 04:03:14,480 OFTEN THE CASE NOW THAT THERE 5483 04:03:14,480 --> 04:03:15,000 IS SOME COMMENT MADE ABOUT 5484 04:03:15,000 --> 04:03:15,680 ENVIRONMENT THAT WITHOUT ANY 5485 04:03:15,680 --> 04:03:18,800 SPECIFICITY SO NOBODY REALLY 5486 04:03:18,800 --> 04:03:19,600 KNOWS WHAT THE ISSUE IS THAT 5487 04:03:19,600 --> 04:03:22,600 WITH THIS NEW APPROACH IT IS 5488 04:03:22,600 --> 04:03:25,400 MUCH MORE SPECIFIC AND FINALLY 5489 04:03:25,400 --> 04:03:27,760 WE HAVE INSIGHT TO THE CONCERN 5490 04:03:27,760 --> 04:03:35,000 IS THAT ACCURATE? 5491 04:03:35,000 --> 04:03:35,240 >> YES. 5492 04:03:35,240 --> 04:03:35,800 THAT IS PARTLY ACCURATE THE 5493 04:03:35,800 --> 04:03:36,400 OTHER PART IS SCORES ARE GIVEN 5494 04:03:36,400 --> 04:03:37,760 RIGHT NOW THAT ARE NOT 5495 04:03:37,760 --> 04:03:41,200 JUSTIFIED BY WHAT IS WRITTEN 5496 04:03:41,200 --> 04:03:43,840 AND ARE CLEARLY BASED ON BIAS 5497 04:03:43,840 --> 04:03:46,800 SO WE ARE TRYING TO GET MORE 5498 04:03:46,800 --> 04:03:49,560 SPECIFIC AND OFTEN ANY THIS 5499 04:03:49,560 --> 04:03:58,800 ANSWERS YOUR QUESTION, JUDITH. 5500 04:03:58,800 --> 04:03:59,400 >> I'M NOT SURE IF IT DOES. 5501 04:03:59,400 --> 04:03:59,640 [LAUGHTER] 5502 04:03:59,640 --> 04:04:00,120 >> WE NEED A DIFFERENT 5503 04:04:00,120 --> 04:04:00,840 QUESTION. 5504 04:04:00,840 --> 04:04:08,200 [LAUGHTER] 5505 04:04:08,200 --> 04:04:08,800 >> I WILL MOVE ON SO IF YOU 5506 04:04:08,800 --> 04:04:16,120 WANT TO TALK ABOUT THE POLICY. 5507 04:04:16,120 --> 04:04:25,280 >> IF YOU CANNOT SEE THE CHAT 5508 04:04:25,280 --> 04:04:29,480 IT'S IN RELATION TO A POLICY 5509 04:04:29,480 --> 04:04:37,200 RELATIVE TO OPPORTUNITY. 5510 04:04:37,200 --> 04:04:37,680 >> WANTED TO MAKE SURE I 5511 04:04:37,680 --> 04:04:43,000 DIDN'T MISS ANYTHING SO A NINE 5512 04:04:43,000 --> 04:04:45,960 IS VERY GOOD AND ONE IS VERY 5513 04:04:45,960 --> 04:04:51,200 BAD SO HOW DO WE HANDLE THAT 5514 04:04:51,200 --> 04:04:51,480 CATEGORY? 5515 04:04:51,480 --> 04:04:52,280 IF THE GRADE GOES IN AND 5516 04:04:52,280 --> 04:04:58,800 SOMEBODY GETS TO NUMBER ONE'S 5517 04:04:58,800 --> 04:05:01,800 THAT THEN THE INVESTIGATOR 5518 04:05:01,800 --> 04:05:06,000 SAYS IN MY RESOURCES IT'S 5519 04:05:06,000 --> 04:05:06,760 LISTED AT THE SQUARE GOES DOWN 5520 04:05:06,760 --> 04:05:09,120 DOES THAT GO BACK TO THE BEST 5521 04:05:09,120 --> 04:05:12,160 A GATOR OR CAN THEY CALL THE 5522 04:05:12,160 --> 04:05:16,400 PROGRAM OFFICER AND SAY I HAVE 5523 04:05:16,400 --> 04:05:17,480 IT ISSUED IN THE PROGRAM ARE 5524 04:05:17,480 --> 04:05:22,400 COLLECTED CORRECTED? 5525 04:05:22,400 --> 04:05:23,000 >> IT IS THE LATTER BECAUSE 5526 04:05:23,000 --> 04:05:25,400 THE FACT WE ARE GETTING 5527 04:05:25,400 --> 04:05:28,800 SPECIFIC NOW HELPS THAT 5528 04:05:28,800 --> 04:05:36,240 CONVERSATION AND POST REVIEW 5529 04:05:36,240 --> 04:05:36,800 WHEN WE DO THE TRADING AND 5530 04:05:36,800 --> 04:05:39,320 ROLL THIS OUT WE WILL MAKE 5531 04:05:39,320 --> 04:05:40,840 SURE WE VIEWERS ARE PAYING 5532 04:05:40,840 --> 04:05:44,040 ATTENTION TO MAJOR ISSUES AND 5533 04:05:44,040 --> 04:05:48,160 NOT MINOR ISSUES BUT WE HAVE 5534 04:05:48,160 --> 04:05:50,560 19000 REVIEWERS WILL PAY 5535 04:05:50,560 --> 04:05:53,600 ATTENTION THAT WILL BE 5536 04:05:53,600 --> 04:05:59,960 RESOLVED. 5537 04:05:59,960 --> 04:06:04,400 >> BENEFITS CONCRETE THERE IS 5538 04:06:04,400 --> 04:06:07,360 A PROBLEM WITH THE BUILDING 5539 04:06:07,360 --> 04:06:07,800 CAN THE INVESTIGATOR 5540 04:06:07,800 --> 04:06:10,840 IMMEDIATELY COME BACK QUICK. 5541 04:06:10,840 --> 04:06:17,400 >> THEY CAN TO PROGRAM AND THE 5542 04:06:17,400 --> 04:06:18,320 PROGRAM CAN DECIDE RIGHT NOW 5543 04:06:18,320 --> 04:06:18,800 THE ISSUE IS THERE ARE 5544 04:06:18,800 --> 04:06:23,320 ARBITRARY COMMENTS NOT EVEN A 5545 04:06:23,320 --> 04:06:23,880 COMMENT BUT IT'S A SCORE OF 5546 04:06:23,880 --> 04:06:25,600 FOUR YOU FIND OUT FROM THE 5547 04:06:25,600 --> 04:06:27,720 HBCU AND YOU LOOK AT BIAS 5548 04:06:27,720 --> 04:06:28,560 TRADING YOU SEE THE TESTIMONY 5549 04:06:28,560 --> 04:06:31,800 OF BEGINNING THAT TALKS ABOUT 5550 04:06:31,800 --> 04:06:38,680 THAT. 5551 04:06:38,680 --> 04:06:39,520 >> THANK YOU FOR THIS 5552 04:06:39,520 --> 04:06:41,960 DISCUSSION AND PRESENTATION 5553 04:06:41,960 --> 04:06:49,240 AND WENT TO ACKNOWLEDGE IT 5554 04:06:49,240 --> 04:06:49,840 SEEMS THAT YOU ARE FAVORING A 5555 04:06:49,840 --> 04:06:58,920 PROJECT -BASED EVALUATION. 5556 04:06:58,920 --> 04:06:59,480 SO THE ORGANIZATION THAT HAS 5557 04:06:59,480 --> 04:07:04,600 THE OPPOSITE PHILOSOPHY SO 5558 04:07:04,600 --> 04:07:09,640 THAT IS ON PEOPLE FIGURING OUT 5559 04:07:09,640 --> 04:07:17,600 THE PROBLEMS AS THEY GO ALONG 5560 04:07:17,600 --> 04:07:18,120 IS THAT THE POINT YOU ARE 5561 04:07:18,120 --> 04:07:19,080 TRYING TO DO BECAUSE THE 5562 04:07:19,080 --> 04:07:22,800 CURRENT EVALUATION PUTS LIP 5563 04:07:22,800 --> 04:07:25,880 SERVICE THAT THIS PERSON HAS 5564 04:07:25,880 --> 04:07:29,800 AN AMAZING TRAJECTORY SO THE 5565 04:07:29,800 --> 04:07:32,160 SECOND POINT IS YOU SHOWED 5566 04:07:32,160 --> 04:07:36,400 THIS DATA ABOUT THE 5567 04:07:36,400 --> 04:07:39,200 APPLICATION FOR TRAINING 5568 04:07:39,200 --> 04:07:43,320 GRANTS I WOULD GUESS IT WOULD 5569 04:07:43,320 --> 04:07:51,320 BE THE SAME BUT THE 5570 04:07:51,320 --> 04:07:53,920 APPLICATION OF SCIENCE ITSELF 5571 04:07:53,920 --> 04:07:59,880 I'M NOT SURE THAT'S A PROBLEM 5572 04:07:59,880 --> 04:08:01,920 BECAUSE IT IS A REFLECTION OF 5573 04:08:01,920 --> 04:08:05,600 EXPERIENCE SO YOU KNOW WHAT TO 5574 04:08:05,600 --> 04:08:11,080 LOOK AT AND ALL THOSE KINDS OF 5575 04:08:11,080 --> 04:08:12,200 THINGS. 5576 04:08:12,200 --> 04:08:20,600 SO I AM JUST WONDERING. 5577 04:08:20,600 --> 04:08:21,240 >> THE DATA SHOWED WAS RELATED 5578 04:08:21,240 --> 04:08:32,200 TO FELLOWSHIP APPLICATIONS 5579 04:08:32,200 --> 04:08:32,800 THAT THE EARLIER QUESTION THAT 5580 04:08:32,800 --> 04:08:33,440 YOU ASKED I THINK THE DATA WAS 5581 04:08:33,440 --> 04:08:35,800 ABOUT THAT IT DIDN'T CORRELATE 5582 04:08:35,800 --> 04:08:38,920 WHAT YOU SAID BEFORE BUT 5583 04:08:38,920 --> 04:08:44,920 ABSOLUTELY EVEN AT THE NIH 5584 04:08:44,920 --> 04:08:45,520 THAT MANY INSTITUTES ARE USING 5585 04:08:45,520 --> 04:08:49,600 THAT IN THAT SPACE OF THE 5586 04:08:49,600 --> 04:08:52,160 ENTERPRISE THERE IS ROOM FOR 5587 04:08:52,160 --> 04:08:55,200 RESEARCH PROJECT ANSWERS ARE 5588 04:08:55,200 --> 04:09:02,520 IMPORTANT AND THERE IS ROOM TO 5589 04:09:02,520 --> 04:09:03,040 HAVE THOSE AWARDS IT IS A 5590 04:09:03,040 --> 04:09:05,520 COMPLETELY DIFFERENT SET OF 5591 04:09:05,520 --> 04:09:09,200 CRITERIA WE ARE TRYING TO STOP 5592 04:09:09,200 --> 04:09:14,240 THE REPUTATION TO REDUCE THE 5593 04:09:14,240 --> 04:09:14,760 EFFECT OF REPUTATION ON 5594 04:09:14,760 --> 04:09:17,360 WHETHER THE PROJECT IS GOOD 5595 04:09:17,360 --> 04:09:21,480 WHETHER IT CAN BE DONE SO 5596 04:09:21,480 --> 04:09:22,000 THAT'S WHERE IT COMES FROM 5597 04:09:22,000 --> 04:09:30,640 WITH THE RPG THOSE FELLOWSHIPS 5598 04:09:30,640 --> 04:09:30,920 ARE BASED. 5599 04:09:30,920 --> 04:09:33,320 >> BUT THEN YOU ARE REMOVING 5600 04:09:33,320 --> 04:09:40,120 THE INVESTIGATOR AS SOMEBODY 5601 04:09:40,120 --> 04:09:41,200 THAT YOU ARE NOT. 5602 04:09:41,200 --> 04:09:47,800 >> IT IS SIGNIFICANT AND 5603 04:09:47,800 --> 04:09:48,360 INTERESTING AT THE TRADING 5604 04:09:48,360 --> 04:09:52,920 PLAN IS GOOD IF IT'S NOT THE 5605 04:09:52,920 --> 04:09:55,440 EXPLICIT CRITERIA ANYMORE? 5606 04:09:55,440 --> 04:10:01,720 >> FOR FELLOWSHIPS THE 5607 04:10:01,720 --> 04:10:02,280 FELLOWSHIP APPLICANT AND HIS 5608 04:10:02,280 --> 04:10:06,400 OR HER EXPERIENCE AND HOW THAT 5609 04:10:06,400 --> 04:10:13,480 ALLIANCE WITH FUTURE GOALS AND 5610 04:10:13,480 --> 04:10:15,560 THE SCIENCE IS STILL THERE 5611 04:10:15,560 --> 04:10:17,560 BECAUSE IT MATTERS BUT VERY 5612 04:10:17,560 --> 04:10:24,320 MUCH BASED ON POTENTIAL FOR 5613 04:10:24,320 --> 04:10:24,920 TRAINING A FELLOW TO BECOME A 5614 04:10:24,920 --> 04:10:26,600 FUTURE BIOMEDICAL BEHAVIORAL 5615 04:10:26,600 --> 04:10:27,680 RESEARCHER. 5616 04:10:27,680 --> 04:10:30,640 NOT THE WHOLE GOAL OF THE 5617 04:10:30,640 --> 04:10:49,280 ENTIRE EFFORT. 5618 04:10:49,280 --> 04:10:51,320 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THE 5619 04:10:51,320 --> 04:10:56,360 PRESENTATIONS WHEN YOU REVIEW 5620 04:10:56,360 --> 04:11:02,800 THE FACTORS WITH THE QUALITY 5621 04:11:02,800 --> 04:11:10,000 OF THOSE SIGNIFICANTLY THE 5622 04:11:10,000 --> 04:11:10,520 FACTOR I AND FACTOR TO AND 5623 04:11:10,520 --> 04:11:19,960 EVEN FACTOR THREE. 5624 04:11:19,960 --> 04:11:22,400 AND SO YOU ARE COMING BACK 5625 04:11:22,400 --> 04:11:28,920 INTO THE ISSUE TO SAY WHY THEY 5626 04:11:28,920 --> 04:11:31,720 SAY THIS PERSON IS NOT 5627 04:11:31,720 --> 04:11:38,720 QUALIFIED AND WHY THEY ARE 5628 04:11:38,720 --> 04:11:40,440 NEGATIVELY EVALUATING THE 5629 04:11:40,440 --> 04:11:42,200 INVESTIGATOR. 5630 04:11:42,200 --> 04:11:56,200 >> AND THAT PROCESS TO ME AND 5631 04:11:56,200 --> 04:12:01,880 THEN YOU JUST FORCE THEM AND 5632 04:12:01,880 --> 04:12:04,880 PUT THAT INFORMATION IN THE 5633 04:12:04,880 --> 04:12:13,280 BOX AND THEN IT WITH THAT 5634 04:12:13,280 --> 04:12:20,600 SPECIFIC INFORMATION AND THEN 5635 04:12:20,600 --> 04:12:23,640 TO GET THAT EVALUATION ABOUT 5636 04:12:23,640 --> 04:12:29,480 THIS NEGATIVITY IF IT IS MINUS 5637 04:12:29,480 --> 04:12:33,920 ONE OR MINUS TWO OR MINUS TEN 5638 04:12:33,920 --> 04:12:35,760 BECAUSE THE CONCERN IS 5639 04:12:35,760 --> 04:12:38,600 SOMEBODY HAS TO DECIDE SHOULD 5640 04:12:38,600 --> 04:12:41,800 I STILL DO WITH IT OR NOT? 5641 04:12:41,800 --> 04:12:44,800 THE MOST LIKELY THEY WILL SAY 5642 04:12:44,800 --> 04:12:56,880 NO. 5643 04:12:56,880 --> 04:12:57,400 BUT THEY ARE NOT THE BEST 5644 04:12:57,400 --> 04:13:00,440 EXPERT IN THE SUBJECT MATTER. 5645 04:13:00,440 --> 04:13:03,360 AND NOT HAVE ENOUGH TIME OR 5646 04:13:03,360 --> 04:13:03,960 EXPERTISE SOMEBODY HAS TO MAKE 5647 04:13:03,960 --> 04:13:09,560 A DECISION. 5648 04:13:09,560 --> 04:13:10,120 SO YOU CAN GET WHAT YOU WANT 5649 04:13:10,120 --> 04:13:13,480 BUT AT THE SAME TIME LEAVE 5650 04:13:13,480 --> 04:13:16,400 SOME SPACE FOR THE PERSON TO 5651 04:13:16,400 --> 04:13:23,920 SAY. 5652 04:13:23,920 --> 04:13:24,440 >> LET ME MAKE SURE THAT I 5653 04:13:24,440 --> 04:13:28,120 COMMUNICATE THIS AVAST 5654 04:13:28,120 --> 04:13:30,160 MAJORITY WITH THE 5655 04:13:30,160 --> 04:13:40,960 WELL-QUALIFIED AND MOST OF 5656 04:13:40,960 --> 04:13:42,800 THEM ARE APPROPRIATE AND WILL 5657 04:13:42,800 --> 04:13:44,840 MOVE ON. 5658 04:13:44,840 --> 04:13:54,360 THE FACT THAT IT'S NOT SCORED 5659 04:13:54,360 --> 04:13:54,880 COMPARED TO THE FIRST TWO 5660 04:13:54,880 --> 04:13:55,120 FACTORS. 5661 04:13:55,120 --> 04:13:59,000 THERE IS A CONCERN I'M NOT 5662 04:13:59,000 --> 04:13:59,480 THINKING THERE MANY MORE 5663 04:13:59,480 --> 04:14:08,080 NEGATIVE COMMENTS. 5664 04:14:08,080 --> 04:14:08,640 AND THEN TO SCORE THE FACTOR 5665 04:14:08,640 --> 04:14:13,520 THAT DOES NOT MAKE SENSE WITH 5666 04:14:13,520 --> 04:14:16,520 CRITERIA. 5667 04:14:16,520 --> 04:14:33,320 >> AND THEY ARE FORCED TO 5668 04:14:33,320 --> 04:14:40,840 CHOOSE ONLY NEGATIVE POINTS 5669 04:14:40,840 --> 04:14:45,160 , FACTOR OF ONE TO TEN IT IT'S 5670 04:14:45,160 --> 04:14:54,600 MUCH INTO THEIR OWN 5671 04:14:54,600 --> 04:15:01,160 INTERPRETATION SO THAT PROCESS 5672 04:15:01,160 --> 04:15:03,640 PERIOD REVIEW WITH INDIVIDUAL 5673 04:15:03,640 --> 04:15:06,840 REVIEWERS ASSESSMENT. 5674 04:15:06,840 --> 04:15:11,480 THE HOPE IS THE REVIEWER'S 5675 04:15:11,480 --> 04:15:12,040 RIGHT IN A VERY EXPLICIT WAY 5676 04:15:12,040 --> 04:15:15,280 WHAT THEIR CONCERNS ARE 5677 04:15:15,280 --> 04:15:16,080 AFTER. 5678 04:15:16,080 --> 04:15:16,320 REVIEW. 5679 04:15:16,320 --> 04:15:25,720 I'M NOT SURE ADDING A SCORE 5680 04:15:25,720 --> 04:15:26,760 THE MANY PET NUMBERS IN FRONT 5681 04:15:26,760 --> 04:15:31,880 OF PEOPLE IT WOULD MAKE IT 5682 04:15:31,880 --> 04:15:32,400 MORE CONFUSING THAT IT'S 5683 04:15:32,400 --> 04:15:36,880 PRETTY SIMPLE PROCESS IS 5684 04:15:36,880 --> 04:15:37,480 APPROPRIATE IT'S A CONCERN YOU 5685 04:15:37,480 --> 04:15:43,960 LIST THE CONCERN WE HAVE POST 5686 04:15:43,960 --> 04:15:44,560 REVIEW EVALUATIONS AND THIS IS 5687 04:15:44,560 --> 04:15:53,800 ONE OF THOSE. 5688 04:15:53,800 --> 04:15:58,880 >> I GUESS IT IS THE NIH 5689 04:15:58,880 --> 04:16:01,880 DECISION SO I REALLY DON'T SEE 5690 04:16:01,880 --> 04:16:04,040 WHY THEY CANNOT EXPLAIN TO BE 5691 04:16:04,040 --> 04:16:08,680 VERY EXPLICIT TO JUSTIFY IT 5692 04:16:08,680 --> 04:16:10,640 AND THAT WOULD GIVE ENOUGH 5693 04:16:10,640 --> 04:16:14,640 INFORMATION. 5694 04:16:14,640 --> 04:16:16,280 >> THEY WILL HAVE A LOT OF 5695 04:16:16,280 --> 04:16:21,000 INFORMATION AND THAT ASPECT 5696 04:16:21,000 --> 04:16:22,040 IMPACTS IT'S DIFFERENT FOR 5697 04:16:22,040 --> 04:16:36,800 EVERY REVIEWER AS IT IS NOW. 5698 04:16:36,800 --> 04:16:37,400 >> ONE MORE THAN ME WILL BE AT 5699 04:16:37,400 --> 04:16:39,240 TIME FOR BREAK. 5700 04:16:39,240 --> 04:16:43,600 >> I WANT TO MAKE TWO POINTS I 5701 04:16:43,600 --> 04:16:44,040 WANT TO COMMENT ON THE 5702 04:16:44,040 --> 04:16:50,080 DISCUSSION ABOUT THE SCORING. 5703 04:16:50,080 --> 04:16:50,680 I JUST WONDER IF YOU THROW OUT 5704 04:16:50,680 --> 04:16:52,320 THE BABY WITH THE BATHWATER 5705 04:16:52,320 --> 04:16:58,800 THAT THERE IS VALUE IN SCORING 5706 04:16:58,800 --> 04:17:03,120 I DO THINK THERE IS VALUE IN 5707 04:17:03,120 --> 04:17:07,640 SOME OBJECTIVE SCORE TO ASSESS 5708 04:17:07,640 --> 04:17:11,800 THE INVESTIGATOR I DON'T THINK 5709 04:17:11,800 --> 04:17:18,280 INVESTIGATORS ARE IRRELEVANT I 5710 04:17:18,280 --> 04:17:18,800 THINK HOWARD WAS TRYING TO 5711 04:17:18,800 --> 04:17:21,600 MAKE THAT POINT AND I DO THINK 5712 04:17:21,600 --> 04:17:26,600 THERE IS VALUE SO IM PUSHING 5713 04:17:26,600 --> 04:17:30,200 BACK ON ELIMINATING THAT I'M 5714 04:17:30,200 --> 04:17:30,800 JUST NOT SURE FOR A NUMBER OF 5715 04:17:30,800 --> 04:17:32,600 THE REASONS BROUGHT UP WITHOUT 5716 04:17:32,600 --> 04:17:37,120 A SCORE IT'S HARD TO EVALUATE 5717 04:17:37,120 --> 04:17:40,320 HOW THAT CRITERIA COMES INTO 5718 04:17:40,320 --> 04:17:43,520 THE FINAL OVERALL SCORE. 5719 04:17:43,520 --> 04:17:43,840 I DON'T KNOW. 5720 04:17:43,840 --> 04:17:50,520 I JUST WONDER IF THERE SHOULD 5721 04:17:50,520 --> 04:17:51,040 BE MORE DISCUSSION AT THIS 5722 04:17:51,040 --> 04:17:51,640 POINT BEFORE A FINAL DECISION 5723 04:17:51,640 --> 04:17:53,280 IS MADE ABOUT WHAT TO DO ABOUT 5724 04:17:53,280 --> 04:17:57,640 THE INVESTIGATOR SCORE I THINK 5725 04:17:57,640 --> 04:18:00,600 IT'S BETWEEN OUR 35 AND NO 5726 04:18:00,600 --> 04:18:02,040 IMPACT. 5727 04:18:02,040 --> 04:18:05,840 >> ABSOLUTELY. 5728 04:18:05,840 --> 04:18:08,840 THE INVESTIGATOR IS QUITE 5729 04:18:08,840 --> 04:18:12,800 IMPORTANT FOR A RESEARCH 5730 04:18:12,800 --> 04:18:13,360 PROJECT GRANT BUT THAT'S NOT 5731 04:18:13,360 --> 04:18:13,800 WHAT WE ARE SAYING. 5732 04:18:13,800 --> 04:18:14,480 THE INVESTIGATOR SHOULD AFFECT 5733 04:18:14,480 --> 04:18:18,360 THE OVERALL SCORE. 5734 04:18:18,360 --> 04:18:18,960 THAT STILL AFFECTS THE OVERALL 5735 04:18:18,960 --> 04:18:23,400 SCORE WHICH IT DEFINES THAT 5736 04:18:23,400 --> 04:18:24,400 OVERALL IMPACT SCORE BUT 5737 04:18:24,400 --> 04:18:27,720 ALWAYS SAY SO IN THE CONTEXT 5738 04:18:27,720 --> 04:18:32,200 OF THE PROPOSED WORK. 5739 04:18:32,200 --> 04:18:35,200 >> I UNDERSTAND. 5740 04:18:35,200 --> 04:18:39,960 BUT THERE ARE ELEMENTS OF THE 5741 04:18:39,960 --> 04:18:40,880 INVESTIGATOR THAT COME TO BEAR 5742 04:18:40,880 --> 04:18:48,800 ON WHETHER PROPOSED WORK IS 5743 04:18:48,800 --> 04:18:49,400 GOING TO BE ABLE TO BE CARRIED 5744 04:18:49,400 --> 04:18:51,120 OUT AND GO BEYOND THE 5745 04:18:51,120 --> 04:18:55,080 CENTRIFUGE ANYWAY. 5746 04:18:55,080 --> 04:18:58,920 THAT IS ONE POINT I WANT TO 5747 04:18:58,920 --> 04:18:59,120 MAKE. 5748 04:18:59,120 --> 04:19:07,320 THE OTHER POINT IS ABOUT IF 5749 04:19:07,320 --> 04:19:07,880 YOU HAVE DISCUSSED WHAT HAS 5750 04:19:07,880 --> 04:19:11,360 BEEN ON MY MIND IF THERE 5751 04:19:11,360 --> 04:19:14,200 SHOULD BE A REQUIREMENT FOR 5752 04:19:14,200 --> 04:19:20,800 SERVICE ON REVIEW. 5753 04:19:20,800 --> 04:19:21,320 RIGHT NOW I DON'T BELIEVE 5754 04:19:21,320 --> 04:19:23,800 THERE IS AND I FEEL THAT 5755 04:19:23,800 --> 04:19:26,760 EVERYONE SHOULD BE 5756 04:19:26,760 --> 04:19:27,280 CONTRIBUTING TO THE REVIEW 5757 04:19:27,280 --> 04:19:27,520 PROCESS. 5758 04:19:27,520 --> 04:19:31,760 I THINK IT IS SKEWED BY NOT 5759 04:19:31,760 --> 04:19:32,240 HAVING A REQUIREMENT FOR 5760 04:19:32,240 --> 04:19:36,120 SERVICE ON REVIEW. 5761 04:19:36,120 --> 04:19:42,000 AND ONCE I AM OFF A CD I WILL 5762 04:19:42,000 --> 04:19:42,600 OFFER TO REVIEW AT LEAST ONCE 5763 04:19:42,600 --> 04:19:49,520 A YEAR AND MORE ESTABLISHED 5764 04:19:49,520 --> 04:19:49,840 PEOPLE SHOULD. 5765 04:19:49,840 --> 04:19:50,400 RIGHT NOW I THINK IT'S NOT 5766 04:19:50,400 --> 04:19:50,840 REPRESENTATIVE OF THE 5767 04:19:50,840 --> 04:19:54,560 COMMUNITY THAT IS FUNDED. 5768 04:19:54,560 --> 04:19:55,080 AND I THINK IT SHOULD BE. 5769 04:19:55,080 --> 04:19:56,840 DID YOU DISCUSS THIS ASPECT? 5770 04:19:56,840 --> 04:19:59,400 ANY THOUGHTS ON THAT QUICK. 5771 04:19:59,400 --> 04:20:01,800 >> THIS IS THE BEST WORKING 5772 04:20:01,800 --> 04:20:07,480 GROUP BUT WITH CSR AND THOSE 5773 04:20:07,480 --> 04:20:09,200 EFFORTS WE ARE MAKING ME LOOK 5774 04:20:09,200 --> 04:20:10,480 CAREFULLY AT OUR RECRUITMENT. 5775 04:20:10,480 --> 04:20:14,600 I THINK LEGALLY WE CANNOT 5776 04:20:14,600 --> 04:20:15,440 REQUIRE PEOPLE GETTING FUNDED 5777 04:20:15,440 --> 04:20:17,760 TO SERVE. 5778 04:20:17,760 --> 04:20:21,160 I WILL DEFER TO THE LEGAL 5779 04:20:21,160 --> 04:20:24,360 MINDS HERE BUT I DON'T THINK 5780 04:20:24,360 --> 04:20:26,400 THAT LOOKING CAREFULLY AT 5781 04:20:26,400 --> 04:20:27,720 RECRUITMENT WE ARE TRYING TO 5782 04:20:27,720 --> 04:20:29,960 MOVE IN THE OTHER DIRECTION TO 5783 04:20:29,960 --> 04:20:33,280 MAKE SURE WE HAVE A MUCH 5784 04:20:33,280 --> 04:20:38,440 BROADER POOL OF REVIEWERS NOT 5785 04:20:38,440 --> 04:20:40,920 JUST THE PEOPLE WHO ARE FUNDED 5786 04:20:40,920 --> 04:20:43,160 BECAUSE THAT DOES CREATE A 5787 04:20:43,160 --> 04:20:43,600 CYCLE WE WANT A GOOD 5788 04:20:43,600 --> 04:20:45,360 PROPORTION OF THOSE WHO ARE 5789 04:20:45,360 --> 04:20:48,320 FUNDED TO SERVE BUT WE ALSO 5790 04:20:48,320 --> 04:20:51,080 WANT THE STAFF TO INVITE 5791 04:20:51,080 --> 04:20:54,360 PEOPLE WERE FUNDED BY OTHER 5792 04:20:54,360 --> 04:20:58,000 AGENCIES SO WE ARE CREATING 5793 04:20:58,000 --> 04:21:00,800 DATABASES TO INCORPORATE 5794 04:21:00,800 --> 04:21:07,320 FUNDED INVESTIGATORS TO ALLOW 5795 04:21:07,320 --> 04:21:09,960 STAFF. 5796 04:21:09,960 --> 04:21:12,120 >> THAT MAKES GOOD SENSE BUT 5797 04:21:12,120 --> 04:21:16,360 THAT IS A GOOD IDEA BUT THE 5798 04:21:16,360 --> 04:21:18,800 OTHER POINT THAT INVESTIGATORS 5799 04:21:18,800 --> 04:21:22,400 WHO HAVE COME TO THE SYSTEM 5800 04:21:22,400 --> 04:21:25,600 AND FUNDED BY THE SYSTEM 5801 04:21:25,600 --> 04:21:28,640 SHOULD HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO 5802 04:21:28,640 --> 04:21:35,120 PROVIDE EVALUATION FOR GRANTS 5803 04:21:35,120 --> 04:21:39,840 GOING FORWARD IT WOULD BE THE 5804 04:21:39,840 --> 04:21:45,000 CHANGE IN THE STATUTES. 5805 04:21:45,000 --> 04:21:49,520 >> WE CAN INCENTIVIZE THE 5806 04:21:49,520 --> 04:21:49,760 REVIEW. 5807 04:21:49,760 --> 04:21:50,280 YOU CAN HELP US WITH THOSE 5808 04:21:50,280 --> 04:21:53,000 DEVICE WE COMMUNITIES AND 5809 04:21:53,000 --> 04:21:58,920 WORKING ON SOME STRATEGIES. 5810 04:21:58,920 --> 04:22:02,320 >> UNFORTUNATELY THERE ARE A 5811 04:22:02,320 --> 04:22:05,120 SUBSET THAN THAT -- 5812 04:22:05,120 --> 04:22:11,560 INDIVIDUALS AND I'M SAD TO SAY 5813 04:22:11,560 --> 04:22:11,760 THAT. 5814 04:22:11,760 --> 04:22:12,360 >> I UNDERSTAND THAT THERE ARE 5815 04:22:12,360 --> 04:22:16,440 WAYS TO ELIMINATE THE GROUP 5816 04:22:16,440 --> 04:22:17,000 WITHOUT HAVING A REQUIREMENT 5817 04:22:17,000 --> 04:22:20,440 FOR A BROADER SWATH. 5818 04:22:20,440 --> 04:22:25,600 >> IT IS A BALANCE BUT HAVE A 5819 04:22:25,600 --> 04:22:31,440 CHANGE IN STATUTE TO REQUIRE 5820 04:22:31,440 --> 04:22:31,640 THAT. 5821 04:22:31,640 --> 04:22:34,600 IS THAT ACCURATE I KNOW WE ARE 5822 04:22:34,600 --> 04:22:37,200 OVER TIME. 5823 04:22:37,200 --> 04:22:37,440 >> YES. 5824 04:22:37,440 --> 04:22:43,600 THAT IS CORRECT. 5825 04:22:43,600 --> 04:22:53,480 >> WE HAVE FOUR HANDS UP I 5826 04:22:53,480 --> 04:22:54,400 PROPOSE WE GO OVER BUT MAYBE 5827 04:22:54,400 --> 04:22:56,200 IF WE CAN LIMIT TO FIVE 5828 04:22:56,200 --> 04:22:57,120 MINUTES IF YOU CAN BE VERY 5829 04:22:57,120 --> 04:22:57,720 QUICK IMPRECISE THAT WOULD BE 5830 04:22:57,720 --> 04:23:01,280 HELPFUL TO MAKE SURE WE GET A 5831 04:23:01,280 --> 04:23:02,360 LITTLE BIT OF A BREAK BEFORE 5832 04:23:02,360 --> 04:23:14,080 THE NEXT SESSION. 5833 04:23:14,080 --> 04:23:14,640 >> JUST A QUICK COMMENT AND 5834 04:23:14,640 --> 04:23:17,120 THEN A QUESTION WITH REGARDS 5835 04:23:17,120 --> 04:23:22,840 TO THE COMMENT I ENJOY 5836 04:23:22,840 --> 04:23:26,880 INVESTIGATOR SCORES BUT IT'S 5837 04:23:26,880 --> 04:23:30,840 LARGELY BECAUSE I'M GOOD AT 5838 04:23:30,840 --> 04:23:31,080 POSTDOC. 5839 04:23:31,080 --> 04:23:34,360 I CAN TAKE AWAY THE CHANGE CAN 5840 04:23:34,360 --> 04:23:34,960 THIS BE DONE OR CAN IT NOT BE 5841 04:23:34,960 --> 04:23:43,440 DONE IN THAT CASE? 5842 04:23:43,440 --> 04:23:44,040 SWEATS COMING OUT IS FROM THE 5843 04:23:44,040 --> 04:23:44,600 YOUNGER POPULATION BUT I DO 5844 04:23:44,600 --> 04:23:45,200 HAVE A QUESTION WITH REGARDS 5845 04:23:45,200 --> 04:23:48,440 TO PROCESS SO IS THE SCORE THE 5846 04:23:48,440 --> 04:23:50,600 FIRST TWO CATEGORIES IS 5847 04:23:50,600 --> 04:23:51,160 ASSIGNED TO WHEN I GET THE 5848 04:23:51,160 --> 04:23:53,800 GRANT AND REVIEW TO SEND DAD 5849 04:23:53,800 --> 04:24:01,240 IN DOES THE LAST CATEGORY IS 5850 04:24:01,240 --> 04:24:06,120 THERE A-MODIFYING NUMBER? 5851 04:24:06,120 --> 04:24:07,120 SO WHEN DOES THAT ADJUSTMENT 5852 04:24:07,120 --> 04:24:08,680 COME IN QUICK. 5853 04:24:08,680 --> 04:24:11,960 >> IT IS NOT THAT GRANULAR BUT 5854 04:24:11,960 --> 04:24:15,920 IF YOU ARE A REVIEWER YOU WILL 5855 04:24:15,920 --> 04:24:20,200 SUBMIT A CRITIQUE OF FACTOR 5856 04:24:20,200 --> 04:24:24,320 ONE OR FACTOR TO AND YOU WILL 5857 04:24:24,320 --> 04:24:26,120 DROP DOWN TO MAKE AN 5858 04:24:26,120 --> 04:24:29,160 ASSESSMENT. 5859 04:24:29,160 --> 04:24:30,160 THERE IS A GAP AND YOU SUBMIT 5860 04:24:30,160 --> 04:24:34,600 THE CRITIQUE WITH AN OVERALL 5861 04:24:34,600 --> 04:24:37,960 SCORE IT IS NOT A MATHEMATICAL 5862 04:24:37,960 --> 04:24:40,800 AVERAGE THAT OVERALL SCORE IS 5863 04:24:40,800 --> 04:24:55,480 THE ONLY THING WE LOOK AT. 5864 04:24:55,480 --> 04:24:56,080 >> PEOPLE ARE DROPPING OFF AND 5865 04:24:56,080 --> 04:25:06,600 MOVING AROUND. 5866 04:25:06,600 --> 04:25:07,200 >> THIS SEEMS VERY HIGH STAKES 5867 04:25:07,200 --> 04:25:08,640 WITH THAT UNINTENDED 5868 04:25:08,640 --> 04:25:17,040 CONSEQUENCES YOU DON'T GET THE 5869 04:25:17,040 --> 04:25:17,600 KINKS OUT OF IT BUT IF THERE 5870 04:25:17,600 --> 04:25:18,160 IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO FIELD 5871 04:25:18,160 --> 04:25:20,200 TEST THIS IN PARALLEL? 5872 04:25:20,200 --> 04:25:20,800 BECAUSE IF YOU HAVE A GRAND IN 5873 04:25:20,800 --> 04:25:23,680 FRONT OF YOU, YOU MIGHT BE 5874 04:25:23,680 --> 04:25:28,280 ABLE TO DESIGN OR TAKE SOME 5875 04:25:28,280 --> 04:25:29,320 GRANTS PREVIOUSLY DONE AND 5876 04:25:29,320 --> 04:25:32,200 PULLED TOGETHER AND SIX MONTHS 5877 04:25:32,200 --> 04:25:38,560 LATER WHEN THEY WERE FORGOTTEN 5878 04:25:38,560 --> 04:25:39,160 , I THINK SOUND TESTING IN THE 5879 04:25:39,160 --> 04:25:39,760 FIELD MIGHT NOT BE HELPFUL TO 5880 04:25:39,760 --> 04:25:42,480 ENSURE PEOPLE ARE FINDING 5881 04:25:42,480 --> 04:25:45,360 OTHER WAYS TO PUT THE SYSTEM 5882 04:25:45,360 --> 04:25:46,400 DOWN. 5883 04:25:46,400 --> 04:26:04,000 >> THANK YOU. 5884 04:26:04,000 --> 04:26:13,680 >> ARE YOU APPLYING THE SAID 5885 04:26:13,680 --> 04:26:14,240 CRITERIA TO THE POSTDOCTORAL 5886 04:26:14,240 --> 04:26:15,080 TRAINING GRANTS OR HAVE YOU 5887 04:26:15,080 --> 04:26:15,600 THOUGHT ABOUT HOW YOU WILL 5888 04:26:15,600 --> 04:26:18,000 REVIEW THOSE? 5889 04:26:18,000 --> 04:26:20,240 THAT CAN BE A YES OR NO. 5890 04:26:20,240 --> 04:26:26,200 >> THE POST DOC TRADING GRANTS 5891 04:26:26,200 --> 04:26:26,920 IS WHAT I TALKED ABOUT IN THE 5892 04:26:26,920 --> 04:26:30,040 SECOND HALF OF MY PRESENTATION. 5893 04:26:30,040 --> 04:26:31,040 THAT IS WHAT WE ARE PROPOSING 5894 04:26:31,040 --> 04:26:35,200 HAS CHANGED WE WILL PUT THAT 5895 04:26:35,200 --> 04:26:37,120 OUT. 5896 04:26:37,120 --> 04:26:40,160 >> THAT WAS ALSO TRAINING 5897 04:26:40,160 --> 04:26:46,600 GRANTS YOU MEAN T30 TO THE 5898 04:26:46,600 --> 04:26:46,880 GRANT? 5899 04:26:46,880 --> 04:26:47,080 KNOW. 5900 04:26:47,080 --> 04:26:54,040 IT DOES NOT APPLY. 5901 04:26:54,040 --> 04:26:56,960 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH WE 5902 04:26:56,960 --> 04:27:01,520 APPRECIATE THE DISCUSSION. 5903 04:27:01,520 --> 04:27:11,480 >> THE GROUP DESERVES A BREAK. 5904 04:27:11,480 --> 04:27:13,160 IF WE CAN BE BACK BY 5905 04:27:13,160 --> 04:27:17,120 3:00 O'CLOCK WE WILL GO TO THE 5906 04:27:17,120 --> 04:27:20,400 NOVEL AND ALTERNATIVE METHODS 5907 04:27:20,400 --> 04:27:21,720 DISCUSSION. 5908 04:27:21,720 --> 04:27:24,320 >> IT LOOKS LIKE WE HAVE MOST 5909 04:27:24,320 --> 04:27:32,800 PEOPLE BACK ON. 5910 04:27:32,800 --> 04:27:40,320 >> DO WE HAVE A QUORUM? 5911 04:27:40,320 --> 04:27:47,520 >> WE SHOULD BE GOOD. 5912 04:27:47,520 --> 04:27:55,320 >> SO NOW WE WILL KICK THINGS 5913 04:27:55,320 --> 04:27:58,200 OFF A WORKING GROUP YOU HEARD 5914 04:27:58,200 --> 04:28:04,560 A LITTLE BIT ABOUT IN NOVEMBER 5915 04:28:04,560 --> 04:28:05,160 ABOUT ALTERNATIVE METHODS AND 5916 04:28:05,160 --> 04:28:07,440 WILL DETAIL OUT THIS TOPIC 5917 04:28:07,440 --> 04:28:10,400 FURTHER FOLLOWING THE NOVEMBER 5918 04:28:10,400 --> 04:28:13,400 DISCUSSION WHAT THEY STARTED 5919 04:28:13,400 --> 04:28:17,120 TO DO CONSIDERING GOING 5920 04:28:17,120 --> 04:28:25,880 FORWARD. 5921 04:28:25,880 --> 04:28:26,800 >> IAM DELIGHTED TO BE HERE IN 5922 04:28:26,800 --> 04:28:33,960 PERSON WITH YOU WE DISCUSSED 5923 04:28:33,960 --> 04:28:34,560 THIS BRIEFLY BUT THIS TIME IT 5924 04:28:34,560 --> 04:28:35,120 WILL BE MORE ENGAGING AND 5925 04:28:35,120 --> 04:28:35,720 ROBUST CONVERSATION BECAUSE WE 5926 04:28:35,720 --> 04:28:37,920 ARE JOINED BY THE COCHAIR 5927 04:28:37,920 --> 04:28:38,520 HOWARD CHANG I WILL TURN IT 5928 04:28:38,520 --> 04:28:39,880 OVER TO YOU TO START THE 5929 04:28:39,880 --> 04:28:45,240 CONVERSATION. 5930 04:28:45,240 --> 04:28:45,720 >> THANK YOU AND GOOD 5931 04:28:45,720 --> 04:28:46,280 AFTERNOON EVERYBODY AND GLAD 5932 04:28:46,280 --> 04:28:47,520 YOU JOINED ME VIRTUALLY AND 5933 04:28:47,520 --> 04:28:51,680 THE PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST AND WE 5934 04:28:51,680 --> 04:28:53,800 ARE EXCITED TO TALK TO ABOUT A 5935 04:28:53,800 --> 04:28:57,360 NEW WORKING GROUP PROPOSED FOR 5936 04:28:57,360 --> 04:29:01,520 ALTERNATIVE METHODS. 5937 04:29:01,520 --> 04:29:06,080 WE ARE EXCITED TO BE LOOKING 5938 04:29:06,080 --> 04:29:07,920 AT A TIME THE MEETING 5939 04:29:07,920 --> 04:29:10,920 TECHNOLOGY CREATING FROM 5940 04:29:10,920 --> 04:29:11,440 SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITIES. 5941 04:29:11,440 --> 04:29:13,480 I WILL START WITH TWO EXAMPLES 5942 04:29:13,480 --> 04:29:19,920 THE LAST FROM MY FIELD THE 5943 04:29:19,920 --> 04:29:20,520 CHALLENGE IS TO UNDERSTAND THE 5944 04:29:20,520 --> 04:29:24,280 GENETIC BASIS OF DISEASE THERE 5945 04:29:24,280 --> 04:29:29,000 ARE DOZENS OF HUNDREDS 5946 04:29:29,000 --> 04:29:31,880 VARIANCE THAT CONTRIBUTE TO 5947 04:29:31,880 --> 04:29:35,640 DISEASE AND THEY HAVE A SEA OF 5948 04:29:35,640 --> 04:29:37,320 MANY OTHER DIFFERENCES THAT TO 5949 04:29:37,320 --> 04:29:37,800 OUR KNOWLEDGE ARE NOT 5950 04:29:37,800 --> 04:29:42,480 FUNCTIONAL SO WITH THOSE 5951 04:29:42,480 --> 04:29:42,920 MULTIPLE ADVANCES IN 5952 04:29:42,920 --> 04:29:46,480 TECHNOLOGY TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE 5953 04:29:46,480 --> 04:29:47,520 TO CONTROL WHERE GENES TURN ON 5954 04:29:47,520 --> 04:29:51,640 AND OFF WITH THE ONE 5955 04:29:51,640 --> 04:29:54,920 MILLIONFOLD INCREASE AND THEN 5956 04:29:54,920 --> 04:29:57,800 TO DIRECTLY STUDY HUMAN 5957 04:29:57,800 --> 04:29:59,400 TISSUES DOWN TO THE SINGLE 5958 04:29:59,400 --> 04:30:00,120 CELL LEVEL. 5959 04:30:00,120 --> 04:30:03,520 THE SECOND CHALLENGE THEY WORK 5960 04:30:03,520 --> 04:30:10,200 TOGETHER IN COMBINATION AND 5961 04:30:10,200 --> 04:30:10,760 THERE IS A HUGE ASTRONOMICAL 5962 04:30:10,760 --> 04:30:12,720 NUMBER OF POSSIBILITIES SO IN 5963 04:30:12,720 --> 04:30:17,520 THE PAST THEY TEST THEM ONE AT 5964 04:30:17,520 --> 04:30:18,120 A TIME BUT IT WASN'T FEASIBLE 5965 04:30:18,120 --> 04:30:20,920 BECAUSE THOSE COMBINATIONS 5966 04:30:20,920 --> 04:30:27,520 THAT WE WILL NOT GET THERE SO 5967 04:30:27,520 --> 04:30:28,080 HERE ADVANCES IN COMPUTATION 5968 04:30:28,080 --> 04:30:30,520 OF MACHINE LEARNING MADE 5969 04:30:30,520 --> 04:30:31,080 POSSIBLE TO SORT TO THE 5970 04:30:31,080 --> 04:30:34,720 POSSIBILITIES AND IDENTIFY THE 5971 04:30:34,720 --> 04:30:36,720 CAUSAL CHANGES IN GENETIC 5972 04:30:36,720 --> 04:30:39,360 DIFFERENCES. 5973 04:30:39,360 --> 04:30:43,840 ON THE RIGHT IS THE EXAMPLE 5974 04:30:43,840 --> 04:30:49,120 LOOKING TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO 5975 04:30:49,120 --> 04:30:49,720 STUDY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE 5976 04:30:49,720 --> 04:30:55,160 DIFFERENT CELL TYPES WITH A 5977 04:30:55,160 --> 04:31:01,320 MUCH GREATER LEVEL. 5978 04:31:01,320 --> 04:31:05,080 SO NOW I WILL HAND IT BACK TO 5979 04:31:05,080 --> 04:31:11,320 LYRIC TO SUMMARIZE. 5980 04:31:11,320 --> 04:31:14,920 >> AND WE WANT TO TALK ABOUT 5981 04:31:14,920 --> 04:31:15,560 WHAT WE MET BY ALTERNATIVES IN 5982 04:31:15,560 --> 04:31:19,160 THIS CASE SEVERAL OTHER 5983 04:31:19,160 --> 04:31:23,640 STAKEHOLDERS IN THE GOVERNMENT 5984 04:31:23,640 --> 04:31:24,680 ARE PROMPTED TO USE THE TERM 5985 04:31:24,680 --> 04:31:27,040 ALTERNATIVE METHODS AND HAVE 5986 04:31:27,040 --> 04:31:30,720 CHOSEN TO USE THIS TERM FOR 5987 04:31:30,720 --> 04:31:33,120 SHORTHAND WHILE LIKE KNOWLEDGE 5988 04:31:33,120 --> 04:31:39,120 EATING THE CONVERSATION 5989 04:31:39,120 --> 04:31:41,280 THINKING OF SOME OF THOSE 5990 04:31:41,280 --> 04:31:44,080 NUANCED NUANCES BUT THE FACT 5991 04:31:44,080 --> 04:31:47,920 THEY RELY ON A COMBINATION OF 5992 04:31:47,920 --> 04:31:52,600 TECHNOLOGIES SO THE USE OF ANY 5993 04:31:52,600 --> 04:31:56,560 GIVEN APPROACH IS THAT 5994 04:31:56,560 --> 04:32:00,200 APPROPRIATENESS SO FOR THE 5995 04:32:00,200 --> 04:32:03,040 PURPOSES OF OUR CONVERSATION 5996 04:32:03,040 --> 04:32:06,440 TODAY WE ARE LOOKING AT THOSE 5997 04:32:06,440 --> 04:32:08,120 APPROACHES THAT ARE 5998 04:32:08,120 --> 04:32:15,000 COMPLEMENTARY TO TRADITIONAL 5999 04:32:15,000 --> 04:32:15,520 ANIMAL MODELS THAT TAKE 6000 04:32:15,520 --> 04:32:16,120 ADVANTAGE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 6001 04:32:16,120 --> 04:32:22,040 AND CAPABILITIES OF RAPIDLY 6002 04:32:22,040 --> 04:32:22,600 ADVANCING RESEARCH LANDSCAPE 6003 04:32:22,600 --> 04:32:23,120 WHAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT 6004 04:32:23,120 --> 04:32:23,920 TODAY. 6005 04:32:23,920 --> 04:32:25,520 DISCUSSING BRIEFLY FROM LAST 6006 04:32:25,520 --> 04:32:29,160 TIME THEY ARE IN THREE BROAD 6007 04:32:29,160 --> 04:32:32,520 CATEGORIES THOSE THAT ARE 6008 04:32:32,520 --> 04:32:37,680 EXPERIMENTS LIKE DNA OR 6009 04:32:37,680 --> 04:32:38,600 PROTEINS OR TEST TUBES OR IN 6010 04:32:38,600 --> 04:32:46,880 VITRO METHODS AND THOSE 6011 04:32:46,880 --> 04:32:47,360 COMPUTATIONAL MODELS TO 6012 04:32:47,360 --> 04:32:47,920 STIMULATE HOW THESE SYSTEMS 6013 04:32:47,920 --> 04:32:51,920 WORK AND PREDICT OUTCOMES TO 6014 04:32:51,920 --> 04:32:54,800 REFINE HYPOTHESIS THIS IS THE 6015 04:32:54,800 --> 04:32:55,400 BUCKETS AND IT'S IMPORTANT FOR 6016 04:32:55,400 --> 04:33:04,320 THAT TYPE OF CONTEXT SO FOR 6017 04:33:04,320 --> 04:33:04,920 THE FOUNDATION TO THE PRESENT 6018 04:33:04,920 --> 04:33:05,520 DAY I HAD A STRONG INTEREST OF 6019 04:33:05,520 --> 04:33:06,120 SUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT AND 6020 04:33:06,120 --> 04:33:08,240 USE OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS SO 6021 04:33:08,240 --> 04:33:13,200 I AM SHARING THE TRAJECTORIES 6022 04:33:13,200 --> 04:33:14,240 NOTE THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE 6023 04:33:14,240 --> 04:33:19,160 CLINICAL RESEARCH THIS IS 6024 04:33:19,160 --> 04:33:21,080 REALLY THE INTERSECTION OF THE 6025 04:33:21,080 --> 04:33:26,000 TECHNOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE'S YOU 6026 04:33:26,000 --> 04:33:26,560 CAN SEE WE HAD A HUGE SLOPE 6027 04:33:26,560 --> 04:33:34,000 INCREASE OVER THE LAST DECADE 6028 04:33:34,000 --> 04:33:35,000 THESE ALTERNATIVE METHODS ARE 6029 04:33:35,000 --> 04:33:40,600 BOTH DEVELOPED HERE AND 6030 04:33:40,600 --> 04:33:41,120 APPLIED IN A WIDE RANGE OF 6031 04:33:41,120 --> 04:33:43,000 AREAS TO SURFACE COMPLEMENTARY 6032 04:33:43,000 --> 04:33:45,520 APPROACHES WE HAVE SEEN THE 6033 04:33:45,520 --> 04:33:46,920 SAYS NEW EXPERIMENTAL 6034 04:33:46,920 --> 04:33:50,520 APPROACHES REGARDING 3D 6035 04:33:50,520 --> 04:33:52,520 PRINTING AND SIGNAL 6036 04:33:52,520 --> 04:33:55,720 TRANSDUCTION BUT ALSO SERVING 6037 04:33:55,720 --> 04:33:59,520 AS ADDITIONAL COMPLEMENTARY 6038 04:33:59,520 --> 04:34:02,560 CONDITIONS OF THOSE HOLISTIC 6039 04:34:02,560 --> 04:34:05,560 PICTURES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE 6040 04:34:05,560 --> 04:34:08,840 SO IN THIS MODEL YOU SEE THIS 6041 04:34:08,840 --> 04:34:11,320 INTERNAL ANALYSIS WE CONDUCTED 6042 04:34:11,320 --> 04:34:16,880 THE LARGER CIRCLES REPRESENT A 6043 04:34:16,880 --> 04:34:17,480 HIGHER NUMBER OF PROJECTS AND 6044 04:34:17,480 --> 04:34:19,400 THE THICKNESS OF THE LINE IS 6045 04:34:19,400 --> 04:34:22,640 THE CONNECTIVITY THIS IS JUST 6046 04:34:22,640 --> 04:34:28,600 A ROUGH ANALYSIS TO UNDERSTAND 6047 04:34:28,600 --> 04:34:37,480 WHERE THE POTENTIAL WAS. 6048 04:34:37,480 --> 04:34:38,080 >> BEFORE WE GET MUCH FURTHER 6049 04:34:38,080 --> 04:34:38,840 DOWN WE WENT TO EMPHASIZE THE 6050 04:34:38,840 --> 04:34:40,120 DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE 6051 04:34:40,120 --> 04:34:45,800 METHODS MAY INCREASE THE TOOLS 6052 04:34:45,800 --> 04:34:46,360 AND REDUCED AND REFINED THE 6053 04:34:46,360 --> 04:34:48,120 FUTURE USE OF SOME RESEARCH 6054 04:34:48,120 --> 04:34:48,720 AREAS THIS IS THE CONVERSATION 6055 04:34:48,720 --> 04:34:53,920 WE HAVE TODAY WITH THERE IS 6056 04:34:53,920 --> 04:34:54,520 PROMISE AND POTENTIAL AND FOR 6057 04:34:54,520 --> 04:34:56,760 THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE OUR 6058 04:34:56,760 --> 04:35:01,160 POSITION ALL APPROACHES WILL 6059 04:35:01,160 --> 04:35:01,640 BE NECESSARY INCLUDING 6060 04:35:01,640 --> 04:35:02,240 TRADITIONAL ANIMAL MODELS TO 6061 04:35:02,240 --> 04:35:02,720 ESTABLISH THE RIGOROUS 6062 04:35:02,720 --> 04:35:05,120 EVIDENCE NEEDED FOR BASIC 6063 04:35:05,120 --> 04:35:09,120 DISCOVERY THIS EXPLORATION IS 6064 04:35:09,120 --> 04:35:12,080 NOT AN OPPOSITION TO ANY OTHER 6065 04:35:12,080 --> 04:35:15,600 APPROACH THAT IS INTENDED TO 6066 04:35:15,600 --> 04:35:16,200 SPUR COMPLEMENTARY APPROACHES 6067 04:35:16,200 --> 04:35:25,920 TO ADVANCE SCIENCE. 6068 04:35:25,920 --> 04:35:26,480 HOWARD I WILL TURN IT BACK 6069 04:35:26,480 --> 04:35:27,080 OVER TO YOU. 6070 04:35:27,080 --> 04:35:33,200 >> TO HAVE THE BEST TOOLS FOR 6071 04:35:33,200 --> 04:35:41,720 THE JOB AT HAND THAT PROGRESS 6072 04:35:41,720 --> 04:35:43,720 AND SCIENCE DEPENDS ON THE 6073 04:35:43,720 --> 04:35:47,920 TECHNIQUES AND NEW DISCOVERIES 6074 04:35:47,920 --> 04:35:48,520 AND CONCEPTS AND IN THAT ORDER 6075 04:35:48,520 --> 04:35:56,360 WE HOPE THAT IS TRUE SO IF WE 6076 04:35:56,360 --> 04:35:56,920 LOOK AT THE LANDSCAPE THERE 6077 04:35:56,920 --> 04:35:58,040 ARE OPPORTUNITIES AND 6078 04:35:58,040 --> 04:36:02,200 CHALLENGES SO IN SOME CASES 6079 04:36:02,200 --> 04:36:05,040 THE IDEA OF ALTERNATIVE 6080 04:36:05,040 --> 04:36:07,560 METHODS SHOULD BE SOME 6081 04:36:07,560 --> 04:36:11,280 TOXICOLOGY OF WHAT'S GOING ON 6082 04:36:11,280 --> 04:36:14,080 WITH THOSE COMPOUNDS INTERACT 6083 04:36:14,080 --> 04:36:16,960 BECAUSE THERE IS HISTORICAL 6084 04:36:16,960 --> 04:36:22,080 DATA BUT IN OTHER CASES 6085 04:36:22,080 --> 04:36:28,680 ESPECIALLY COMPLEX INTERACTION 6086 04:36:28,680 --> 04:36:31,640 AND FURTHER THE ISSUE OF 6087 04:36:31,640 --> 04:36:34,480 TRANSLATE ABILITY THIS WAS TO 6088 04:36:34,480 --> 04:36:39,680 THE AUTHENTICATION AND 6089 04:36:39,680 --> 04:36:40,080 IMPORTANCE IS FOR 6090 04:36:40,080 --> 04:36:42,480 STANDARDIZATION AND VALIDATION 6091 04:36:42,480 --> 04:36:45,520 THESE ARE NECESSARY TO 6092 04:36:45,520 --> 04:36:47,560 BENCHMARK AND NECESSARY 6093 04:36:47,560 --> 04:36:49,800 STRATEGIES BUT ALSO TO GET 6094 04:36:49,800 --> 04:36:54,560 COMMUNITY BUY-IN WE CAN SOLVE 6095 04:36:54,560 --> 04:36:59,840 THE PROBLEM FOR BETTER QUALITY 6096 04:36:59,840 --> 04:37:03,320 SOLUTION ALSO FOR REGULATORY 6097 04:37:03,320 --> 04:37:08,000 CONSIDERATIONS TO WITH THAT 6098 04:37:08,000 --> 04:37:08,840 THERAPEUTIC DEVELOPMENT IS 6099 04:37:08,840 --> 04:37:15,680 THERE A PUBLIC TRUST IN THOSE 6100 04:37:15,680 --> 04:37:18,680 NEEDS TO DISCUSS STAKEHOLDERS 6101 04:37:18,680 --> 04:37:21,880 WORKING ON THE REGULATORY 6102 04:37:21,880 --> 04:37:23,880 SIDE. 6103 04:37:23,880 --> 04:37:26,400 AND ITS LOCAL COMPLEMENTARY 6104 04:37:26,400 --> 04:37:30,760 SOLUTIONS ARE NEEDED TO GET TO 6105 04:37:30,760 --> 04:37:31,680 A TRUE ANSWER AND HERE IS 6106 04:37:31,680 --> 04:37:35,640 ANOTHER EXAMPLE REGARDING 6107 04:37:35,640 --> 04:37:42,720 STUDIES THESE ARE DNA 6108 04:37:42,720 --> 04:37:43,240 MUTATIONS BUT THE WAY THE 6109 04:37:43,240 --> 04:37:46,320 ADVANCES WERE MADE FROM A 6110 04:37:46,320 --> 04:37:51,920 GENETIC ANALYSIS VERIFYING 6111 04:37:51,920 --> 04:37:57,080 THOSE ACTIONS OF HUMAN BRAIN 6112 04:37:57,080 --> 04:38:01,880 TISSUES BUT ALSO IN TACT 6113 04:38:01,880 --> 04:38:05,160 ANIMALS AND ALSO WITH THE 6114 04:38:05,160 --> 04:38:05,920 CHEMICAL SCREENINGS ALL OF THE 6115 04:38:05,920 --> 04:38:09,200 METHODS TOGETHER PROVIDE MUCH 6116 04:38:09,200 --> 04:38:11,280 MORE ROBUST INFORMATION ON 6117 04:38:11,280 --> 04:38:14,800 THOSE ISSUES OF INTEREST. 6118 04:38:14,800 --> 04:38:15,840 AND WE HAVE ALREADY SEEN AGAIN 6119 04:38:15,840 --> 04:38:22,400 AND AGAIN THERE IS A RAPID 6120 04:38:22,400 --> 04:38:28,200 UPTAKE IT SHOWS THE DATA ON 6121 04:38:28,200 --> 04:38:31,520 APPLICATIONS AND THAT PATENTS 6122 04:38:31,520 --> 04:38:36,760 WITH GENE EDITING AND THIS HAS 6123 04:38:36,760 --> 04:38:37,920 ALWAYS BEEN AN INTEREST WITH 6124 04:38:37,920 --> 04:38:42,240 THE PUBLICATION OF THE WAY 6125 04:38:42,240 --> 04:38:45,200 MORE SIMPLER WAY TO DO GENOME 6126 04:38:45,200 --> 04:38:48,440 EDITING THERE IS A RAPID 6127 04:38:48,440 --> 04:38:49,000 UPTAKE OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES 6128 04:38:49,000 --> 04:38:50,600 AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 6129 04:38:50,600 --> 04:38:57,160 LABORATORIES IS ALSO A STRONG 6130 04:38:57,160 --> 04:39:00,240 INCREASE ON THE WHY AXIS 6131 04:39:00,240 --> 04:39:06,720 SCALE. 6132 04:39:06,720 --> 04:39:10,320 >> WE ARE REALLY EXCITED THE 6133 04:39:10,320 --> 04:39:14,760 OPPORTUNITY TO ADVANCE SCIENCE 6134 04:39:14,760 --> 04:39:16,720 BUT ALSO FINALIZE NEW 6135 04:39:16,720 --> 04:39:22,800 TECHNOLOGIES BUT THIS CONCEPT 6136 04:39:22,800 --> 04:39:23,320 WAS HIGH HIGHLIGHTED FROM 6137 04:39:23,320 --> 04:39:26,040 PRIOR WORK FROM THE ACD FROM 6138 04:39:26,040 --> 04:39:32,080 THE RIGOR AND TRANSPARENCY I 6139 04:39:32,080 --> 04:39:35,200 FEEL SLIGHTLY AWKWARD TALKING 6140 04:39:35,200 --> 04:39:35,920 MORE ABOUT IT WHEN THEIR OTHER 6141 04:39:35,920 --> 04:39:37,720 COCHAIRS IN THE ROOM BUT THE 6142 04:39:37,720 --> 04:39:41,320 KEY ITEM IN THE REPORT WAS 6143 04:39:41,320 --> 04:39:43,320 THINKING HOW TO FORM AND 6144 04:39:43,320 --> 04:39:44,120 INITIATIVE FOR THOSE 6145 04:39:44,120 --> 04:39:48,040 ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES AND 6146 04:39:48,040 --> 04:39:52,720 THAT MECHANISTIC INVESTIGATION 6147 04:39:52,720 --> 04:39:55,720 THAT MAY BE VALUABLE TO ANSWER 6148 04:39:55,720 --> 04:40:07,920 THAT QUESTION SO TO RECOGNIZE 6149 04:40:07,920 --> 04:40:11,920 THE REPORT ALSO ACKNOWLEDGED 6150 04:40:11,920 --> 04:40:17,000 THOSE IN TERMS OF ENSURING 6151 04:40:17,000 --> 04:40:18,040 RIGOR THAT COULD COME AT THEIR 6152 04:40:18,040 --> 04:40:22,280 OWN CHALLENGE THAT THEY FAILED 6153 04:40:22,280 --> 04:40:25,720 TO UNDERSTAND THOSE APPROACHES 6154 04:40:25,720 --> 04:40:27,800 SO FOLLOWING UP ON THOSE 6155 04:40:27,800 --> 04:40:34,560 RECOMMENDATIONS THIS IS A 6156 04:40:34,560 --> 04:40:36,920 BURGEONING AREA OF INVESTMENT 6157 04:40:36,920 --> 04:40:42,720 WE JUST RECENTLY MET WITH THE 6158 04:40:42,720 --> 04:40:45,480 ADMINISTRATION WE ARE LOOKING 6159 04:40:45,480 --> 04:40:50,160 FORWARD TO PARTNERING TO 6160 04:40:50,160 --> 04:40:52,320 CAPITALIZE ON THOSE ADVANCES 6161 04:40:52,320 --> 04:40:54,840 OF OTHERS SO THAT THE END OF 6162 04:40:54,840 --> 04:40:59,440 THE DAY FOR INTERESTED HAVING 6163 04:40:59,440 --> 04:41:00,000 AN HONEST ASSESSMENT OF THE 6164 04:41:00,000 --> 04:41:06,320 SCIENTIFIC OPPORTUNITY TO 6165 04:41:06,320 --> 04:41:06,920 ENHANCE THE RIGOR OF ANIMAL 6166 04:41:06,920 --> 04:41:08,320 STUDIES AND ALSO AN HONEST 6167 04:41:08,320 --> 04:41:09,800 ASSESSMENT OF WHERE 6168 04:41:09,800 --> 04:41:10,360 ALTERNATIVES COULD HAVE THE 6169 04:41:10,360 --> 04:41:13,920 BIGGEST SCIENTIFIC IMPACT WE 6170 04:41:13,920 --> 04:41:14,520 CANNOT STATE THIS ENOUGH THERE 6171 04:41:14,520 --> 04:41:15,880 IS A LOT OF HYPERBOLIC 6172 04:41:15,880 --> 04:41:18,320 LANGUAGE IN THE NARRATIVE 6173 04:41:18,320 --> 04:41:20,640 WHERE THESE CAN CHANGE SCIENCE 6174 04:41:20,640 --> 04:41:22,520 ARE MORE OR LESS IMPACTFUL IS 6175 04:41:22,520 --> 04:41:27,320 KEY TO UNDERSTAND WHERE THEY 6176 04:41:27,320 --> 04:41:27,920 WILL BE OF VALUE THAT OUR HOPE 6177 04:41:27,920 --> 04:41:31,280 IS TO USE THIS INFORMATION TO 6178 04:41:31,280 --> 04:41:31,720 BE STRATEGIC IN OUR 6179 04:41:31,720 --> 04:41:34,680 INVESTMENTS AT NIH SO 6180 04:41:34,680 --> 04:41:36,920 UNDERSTAND THE SCIENTIFIC 6181 04:41:36,920 --> 04:41:41,400 DISCOVERIES BUT ALSO THAT IS 6182 04:41:41,400 --> 04:41:43,880 THE CATALYST THAT WE SAW WITH 6183 04:41:43,880 --> 04:41:45,920 THE GENE EDITING TECHNOLOGIES 6184 04:41:45,920 --> 04:41:48,880 THAT WITH THE INVESTMENT 6185 04:41:48,880 --> 04:41:53,080 CHANGED HOW WE DO SCIENCE 6186 04:41:53,080 --> 04:41:53,680 THESE ARE THE TWO AREAS WE ARE 6187 04:41:53,680 --> 04:41:58,720 PARTICULARLY INTERESTED IN SO 6188 04:41:58,720 --> 04:41:59,760 THIS BRINGS US TO THE CHARGE 6189 04:41:59,760 --> 04:42:03,560 OF THE WORKING GROUP WE HAVE 6190 04:42:03,560 --> 04:42:04,520 EXPANDED BASED ON FEEDBACK OF 6191 04:42:04,520 --> 04:42:08,960 THIS GROUP SO THE FIRST ASPECT 6192 04:42:08,960 --> 04:42:11,000 IS TO GET A LANDSCAPE 6193 04:42:11,000 --> 04:42:17,120 ASSESSMENT AND ASSESS THE 6194 04:42:17,120 --> 04:42:17,560 GENERAL STRENGTH AND 6195 04:42:17,560 --> 04:42:19,920 WEAKNESSES STUDYING HUMAN 6196 04:42:19,920 --> 04:42:21,320 BIOLOGY AND THE DISEASE STATES 6197 04:42:21,320 --> 04:42:28,000 WE HAVE SHOWN PRIOR ANALYSIS 6198 04:42:28,000 --> 04:42:31,080 AND THEN TO HAVE THAT 6199 04:42:31,080 --> 04:42:32,280 TOTALITY. 6200 04:42:32,280 --> 04:42:34,320 ALSO WE ARE ASKING FOR A 6201 04:42:34,320 --> 04:42:36,080 CHARACTERIZATION FOR WHICH 6202 04:42:36,080 --> 04:42:42,960 ALTERNATIVE MODELS AND 6203 04:42:42,960 --> 04:42:46,000 ARTICULATING HIGH PRIORITY 6204 04:42:46,000 --> 04:42:48,840 AREAS FOR NOVEL METHODS WITH 6205 04:42:48,840 --> 04:42:53,880 HUMAN APPLICABILITY THAT'S A 6206 04:42:53,880 --> 04:42:54,920 DISCUSSION WE HAD LAST TIME TO 6207 04:42:54,920 --> 04:42:58,600 UNDERSTAND PROGRESS BUT ALSO 6208 04:42:58,600 --> 04:43:01,120 HOW DO WE AUGMENT THE 6209 04:43:01,120 --> 04:43:04,480 CAPABILITIES IN TERMS TO 6210 04:43:04,480 --> 04:43:07,440 CAPITALIZE NEW SCIENTIFIC 6211 04:43:07,440 --> 04:43:12,520 INQUIRY? 6212 04:43:12,520 --> 04:43:13,120 WE ARE PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THE 6213 04:43:13,120 --> 04:43:13,960 WORKING GROUP TODAY AND HOWARD 6214 04:43:13,960 --> 04:43:14,640 HAS AGREED TO BE A COCHAIR 6215 04:43:14,640 --> 04:43:20,320 SEEING REPRESENTATIVES FROM 6216 04:43:20,320 --> 04:43:20,920 BOTH ACADEMIA AND THE PRIVATE 6217 04:43:20,920 --> 04:43:23,960 SECTOR AND GOVERNMENT PARTNERS 6218 04:43:23,960 --> 04:43:27,000 TO BE SYNERGISTIC WITH THOSE 6219 04:43:27,000 --> 04:43:28,800 EFFORTS AND THOSE WORKING WITH 6220 04:43:28,800 --> 04:43:34,040 ANIMAL MODELS AND TOXICOLOGY 6221 04:43:34,040 --> 04:43:34,600 STUDIES IN THOSE UNDERSTAND 6222 04:43:34,600 --> 04:43:35,080 THE LIMITATIONS ACROSS 6223 04:43:35,080 --> 04:43:41,120 DIFFERENT SPECIES. 6224 04:43:41,120 --> 04:43:41,720 WE ARE DELIGHTED YOU HAVE THIS 6225 04:43:41,720 --> 04:43:42,520 GROUP HERE AND YOU WILL SEE 6226 04:43:42,520 --> 04:43:45,840 ONE OF YOUR OWN ON THE CALL 6227 04:43:45,840 --> 04:43:46,040 TODAY. 6228 04:43:46,040 --> 04:43:48,720 THANK YOU AND BARBARA HAS 6229 04:43:48,720 --> 04:43:54,920 AGREED TO SERVE AS AN EXPERT 6230 04:43:54,920 --> 04:43:55,520 AND BE A PARTNER WHEN CALLED 6231 04:43:55,520 --> 04:43:55,720 UPON. 6232 04:43:55,720 --> 04:43:59,000 THANK YOU FOR YOUR HELP. 6233 04:43:59,000 --> 04:44:02,200 IN TERMS OF THE CHARGE WE 6234 04:44:02,200 --> 04:44:04,080 INTEND TO DO THE LANDSCAPE 6235 04:44:04,080 --> 04:44:07,720 ASSESSMENT INCLUDING 6236 04:44:07,720 --> 04:44:10,960 PERSPECTIVES OF THOSE RELEVANT 6237 04:44:10,960 --> 04:44:12,920 FIELDS AND HOLD WORKSHOPS ON 6238 04:44:12,920 --> 04:44:22,040 SPECIFIC TOPICS AS NEEDED AS 6239 04:44:22,040 --> 04:44:22,560 MENTIONED WE PLAN TO GET 6240 04:44:22,560 --> 04:44:23,120 MOVING QUICKLY AND HOW OUR 6241 04:44:23,120 --> 04:44:25,800 GOALS ARE CHARGED WORKING VERY 6242 04:44:25,800 --> 04:44:28,520 HARD IN THE SPRING OF NEXT 6243 04:44:28,520 --> 04:44:30,560 YEAR IMPORTANT LANDSCAPE 6244 04:44:30,560 --> 04:44:33,800 ASSESSMENT AND PRESENT THE 6245 04:44:33,800 --> 04:44:35,680 PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND START 6246 04:44:35,680 --> 04:44:38,400 TO ENGAGE IN ROBUST 6247 04:44:38,400 --> 04:44:42,000 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT OUR 6248 04:44:42,000 --> 04:44:44,960 GOAL IS TO DELIVER THE FINAL 6249 04:44:44,960 --> 04:44:45,360 REPORT WITH FINAL 6250 04:44:45,360 --> 04:44:46,000 RECOMMENDATIONS DECEMBER OF 6251 04:44:46,000 --> 04:44:50,920 NEXT YEAR SO WITH THAT IS 6252 04:44:50,920 --> 04:44:55,040 COMPLETION WOULD YOU LIKE TO 6253 04:44:55,040 --> 04:44:55,640 SAY ANY REMARKS BEFORE WE OPEN 6254 04:44:55,640 --> 04:44:56,000 THE FLOOR QUICK. 6255 04:44:56,000 --> 04:44:57,360 >> NOTHING FURTHER THAT WAS A 6256 04:44:57,360 --> 04:45:03,080 GREAT SUMMARY. 6257 04:45:03,080 --> 04:45:07,120 >> NOW WE WILL OPEN FOR 6258 04:45:07,120 --> 04:45:14,960 QUESTIONS I WILL SEE IF YOU 6259 04:45:14,960 --> 04:45:15,560 WANTED TO ADD ANYTHING TO THE 6260 04:45:15,560 --> 04:45:16,120 CONVERSATION BEFORE YOU HAVE 6261 04:45:16,120 --> 04:45:31,080 TO LEAVE? 6262 04:45:31,080 --> 04:45:34,520 >> I HAVE NOTHING TO ADD. 6263 04:45:34,520 --> 04:45:37,280 >> I DON'T HAVE MUCH TO ADD I 6264 04:45:37,280 --> 04:45:41,400 DO HAVE A QUESTION SO WHAT I 6265 04:45:41,400 --> 04:45:47,200 HEAR YOU SAYING IS THAT AT THE 6266 04:45:47,200 --> 04:45:50,400 END OF THIS ASSESSMENT THERE 6267 04:45:50,400 --> 04:45:54,960 WILL BE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR 6268 04:45:54,960 --> 04:46:03,000 TECHNOLOGICAL AREAS TO PURSUE 6269 04:46:03,000 --> 04:46:03,520 FOR THOSE STRATEGIES TO 6270 04:46:03,520 --> 04:46:05,960 DEVELOP ALTERNATIVE MODELS. 6271 04:46:05,960 --> 04:46:10,560 >> IT IS TWOFOLD TO UNDERSTAND 6272 04:46:10,560 --> 04:46:15,560 WHAT IS VALUABLE WHAT TYPES OF 6273 04:46:15,560 --> 04:46:22,480 AREAS ARE THEY SO THERE ARE 6274 04:46:22,480 --> 04:46:23,080 CERTAIN AREAS OF SCIENCE WHERE 6275 04:46:23,080 --> 04:46:26,280 THE ALTERNATIVES VERY 6276 04:46:26,280 --> 04:46:29,240 CATALYTIC IN OTHER AREAS WHERE 6277 04:46:29,240 --> 04:46:31,480 THEY DON'T PROVIDE THE 6278 04:46:31,480 --> 04:46:38,600 RIGOROUS STUDIES FOR THE 6279 04:46:38,600 --> 04:46:39,080 QUESTIONS BEING ASKED. 6280 04:46:39,080 --> 04:46:39,680 SO TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHERE 6281 04:46:39,680 --> 04:46:40,280 THESE WILL BE MOST BENEFICIAL 6282 04:46:40,280 --> 04:46:48,120 IS THE KEY. 6283 04:46:48,120 --> 04:46:48,720 >> SO NOW WHAT I HEAR YOU SAY 6284 04:46:48,720 --> 04:46:53,800 THIS IS NOT A STRATEGY FOR A 6285 04:46:53,800 --> 04:46:54,320 BLUEPRINT TO ADVANCE TO 6286 04:46:54,320 --> 04:46:58,920 FORWARD IN DEVELOPMENT OF 6287 04:46:58,920 --> 04:46:59,440 THESE ALTERNATIVES BUT TO 6288 04:46:59,440 --> 04:47:00,880 ASSESS WHERE THEY ARE 6289 04:47:00,880 --> 04:47:04,920 APPROPRIATE FOR THAT 6290 04:47:04,920 --> 04:47:08,720 SCIENTIFIC QUEST? 6291 04:47:08,720 --> 04:47:12,520 >> I THINK IT IS BOTH. 6292 04:47:12,520 --> 04:47:12,840 >> I AGREE. 6293 04:47:12,840 --> 04:47:16,680 >> YES. 6294 04:47:16,680 --> 04:47:19,880 >> OBVIOUSLY WANT AN 6295 04:47:19,880 --> 04:47:21,640 ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT 6296 04:47:21,640 --> 04:47:26,400 STATUS AND VALUE ADDED. 6297 04:47:26,400 --> 04:47:27,000 THE INSTITUTE FOR CENTERS WILL 6298 04:47:27,000 --> 04:47:34,520 USE THAT INFORMATION TO MOVE 6299 04:47:34,520 --> 04:47:38,160 THAT FIELD FORWARD BECAUSE AS 6300 04:47:38,160 --> 04:47:40,240 YOU SAW FROM THE VARIOUS 6301 04:47:40,240 --> 04:47:43,760 SLIDES PRESENTED THOSE 6302 04:47:43,760 --> 04:47:47,520 MULTIPLE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS AND 6303 04:47:47,520 --> 04:47:50,480 SOME MAY BE FURTHER ALONG THAN 6304 04:47:50,480 --> 04:47:52,680 OTHERS. 6305 04:47:52,680 --> 04:47:58,040 >> SO IS THERE OVERLAP IN THIS 6306 04:47:58,040 --> 04:47:59,600 REGARD QUICK. 6307 04:47:59,600 --> 04:48:00,120 >> WE LIKE TO PLAY NICE. 6308 04:48:00,120 --> 04:48:04,080 WE WILL SHARE. 6309 04:48:04,080 --> 04:48:08,880 AGAIN AS ALLUDED TO THIS 6310 04:48:08,880 --> 04:48:10,920 MORNING THERE IS A CERTAIN 6311 04:48:10,920 --> 04:48:13,880 EXPERTISE OR INFORMATION THEY 6312 04:48:13,880 --> 04:48:16,680 CAN PULL UPON FOR THE 6313 04:48:16,680 --> 04:48:17,600 ORGANIZATION AND THIS IS JUST 6314 04:48:17,600 --> 04:48:22,320 AN EXAMPLE AND HOPEFULLY THEY 6315 04:48:22,320 --> 04:48:22,920 BENEFIT. 6316 04:48:22,920 --> 04:48:26,480 >> I THINK TRYING TO CHANNEL 6317 04:48:26,480 --> 04:48:34,280 MY INNER RENÉE IS THAT SHE 6318 04:48:34,280 --> 04:48:34,800 WOULD SAY THIS AREA COULD 6319 04:48:34,800 --> 04:48:35,280 POTENTIALLY MEET THAT 6320 04:48:35,280 --> 04:48:37,440 DEFINITION OF WHAT THEY WILL 6321 04:48:37,440 --> 04:48:37,880 FOCUS ON A PLATFORMS 6322 04:48:37,880 --> 04:48:40,280 TECHNOLOGIES AND CAPABILITIES 6323 04:48:40,280 --> 04:48:43,080 IF THEY HAVE THE RIGHT PROGRAM 6324 04:48:43,080 --> 04:48:52,280 MANAGER AND THE RIGHT PROGRAM. 6325 04:48:52,280 --> 04:48:53,520 >> THAT WAS INTERESTING. 6326 04:48:53,520 --> 04:48:55,120 THANK YOU. 6327 04:48:55,120 --> 04:49:00,440 I FELT A LITTLE BIT LOOKING AT 6328 04:49:00,440 --> 04:49:01,160 THE LIST OF THE THREE 6329 04:49:01,160 --> 04:49:03,840 CATEGORIES THAT MOST OF THEM 6330 04:49:03,840 --> 04:49:10,520 IF NOT ALL HAVE BEEN USED. 6331 04:49:10,520 --> 04:49:11,080 SO I'M JUST WONDERING IF YOU 6332 04:49:11,080 --> 04:49:20,400 COULD EXPLAIN MORE OF HOW WILL 6333 04:49:20,400 --> 04:49:25,720 YOU MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS HOW 6334 04:49:25,720 --> 04:49:26,160 TO UTILIZE THE VARIOUS 6335 04:49:26,160 --> 04:49:37,520 APPROACH AND ORGANIZED WAYS 6336 04:49:37,520 --> 04:49:40,000 AND MANY OF THE APPROACHES 6337 04:49:40,000 --> 04:49:43,960 LISTED WITH WIDESPREAD USE 6338 04:49:43,960 --> 04:49:47,080 JUST A LITTLE BIT CURIOUS WHAT 6339 04:49:47,080 --> 04:49:52,560 EXACTLY THE FORM OF THE 6340 04:49:52,560 --> 04:49:53,360 RECOMMENDATIONS WOULD BE 6341 04:49:53,360 --> 04:49:53,560 QUICK. 6342 04:49:53,560 --> 04:50:04,120 >> SO DEFINITELY WE HIGHLIGHT 6343 04:50:04,120 --> 04:50:08,320 THE NOVEL ALTERNATIVE METHODS 6344 04:50:08,320 --> 04:50:11,360 BUT STILL DOES HAVE RECENT 6345 04:50:11,360 --> 04:50:12,480 ADVANCES BECAUSE OF THE 6346 04:50:12,480 --> 04:50:16,480 COMPLEXITIES SO THERE ARE 6347 04:50:16,480 --> 04:50:20,000 AREAS SO THE INITIAL GOAL IS 6348 04:50:20,000 --> 04:50:22,320 TO UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE WE 6349 04:50:22,320 --> 04:50:30,040 ARE NOT EXCLUDED BUT WHAT IS 6350 04:50:30,040 --> 04:50:30,800 THE MOST CATALYTIC THING THAT 6351 04:50:30,800 --> 04:50:37,120 CAN BE DONE SO WITH THAT 6352 04:50:37,120 --> 04:50:41,280 APPLICATION AREA THAT MAKES 6353 04:50:41,280 --> 04:50:52,400 SENSE FOR NIH TO HIGHLIGHT AS 6354 04:50:52,400 --> 04:50:52,960 PART OF THE PREVIOUS WORKING 6355 04:50:52,960 --> 04:51:03,720 GROUP THAT LINDA TALKED ABOUT 6356 04:51:03,720 --> 04:51:04,320 AND THAT IS THE BIGGEST IMPACT 6357 04:51:04,320 --> 04:51:06,200 OF REAL MEDICAL APPLICATIONS 6358 04:51:06,200 --> 04:51:09,240 AND MANY OF THE THINGS THAT WE 6359 04:51:09,240 --> 04:51:13,360 MENTIONED FOR THAT KIND OF 6360 04:51:13,360 --> 04:51:14,400 APPROACH TO GET AROUND THE USE 6361 04:51:14,400 --> 04:51:21,320 OF ANIMALS CAN YOU TALK ABOUT 6362 04:51:21,320 --> 04:51:21,520 THAT? 6363 04:51:21,520 --> 04:51:22,120 I'M INTERESTED IN THAT AND IT 6364 04:51:22,120 --> 04:51:24,120 IS DIFFICULT TO DO AND I'M 6365 04:51:24,120 --> 04:51:29,440 WONDERING IF THAT IS A MAJOR 6366 04:51:29,440 --> 04:51:30,560 IMPETUS QUICK. 6367 04:51:30,560 --> 04:51:34,760 >> UNDER IT IS JOIN THE TEAM 6368 04:51:34,760 --> 04:51:37,320 AND IS AMAZING TO WORK WITH 6369 04:51:37,320 --> 04:51:46,360 THEIR HUGE, THERE IS LANGUAGE 6370 04:51:46,360 --> 04:51:46,920 BUT IT IS A PANACEA BUT IT'S 6371 04:51:46,920 --> 04:51:49,520 NOT THE CASE SO UNDERSTAND 6372 04:51:49,520 --> 04:51:55,080 THOSE IS KEY AND THEN ALSO 6373 04:51:55,080 --> 04:51:57,520 TALKING ABOUT THE LEVEL OF 6374 04:51:57,520 --> 04:52:03,720 INTEREST SO WITH THE FDA THE 6375 04:52:03,720 --> 04:52:04,640 SCIENTIFIC OPPORTUNITY IN THE 6376 04:52:04,640 --> 04:52:07,480 REGULATORY PROCESS TO HAVE 6377 04:52:07,480 --> 04:52:08,520 THAT PIPELINE. 6378 04:52:08,520 --> 04:52:15,120 >> . 6379 04:52:15,120 --> 04:52:19,720 >> FIRST BRAVO YOU ARE OFF TO 6380 04:52:19,720 --> 04:52:26,200 A GREAT START SOME OF THESE 6381 04:52:26,200 --> 04:52:26,840 ARE A HAPPY FLASHBACK OR JUST 6382 04:52:26,840 --> 04:52:29,120 A FLASHBACK TO THE EARLIER 6383 04:52:29,120 --> 04:52:30,920 COMMITTEE. 6384 04:52:30,920 --> 04:52:31,160 [LAUGHTER] 6385 04:52:31,160 --> 04:52:35,480 AND LESS HAPPY PART IS YOU 6386 04:52:35,480 --> 04:52:38,920 CANNOT BOIL THE OCEAN OF 6387 04:52:38,920 --> 04:52:39,520 COURSE WE ALL WENT TO PROMOTE 6388 04:52:39,520 --> 04:52:42,200 ALL KINDS OF THINGS THAT ALLOW 6389 04:52:42,200 --> 04:52:53,120 YOU TO WORK ON A HUMAN PROBLEM 6390 04:52:53,120 --> 04:52:53,680 THAT IS A DREAM THAT GETTING 6391 04:52:53,680 --> 04:52:56,160 CLOSER IS A KEEPING BUT THIS 6392 04:52:56,160 --> 04:52:57,720 PIECE WORKING ON A CHAPTER THE 6393 04:52:57,720 --> 04:53:04,720 FEW PIECES MAYBE WHERE THESE 6394 04:53:04,720 --> 04:53:08,520 AREAS ARE STILL PLAGUING WHERE 6395 04:53:08,520 --> 04:53:13,360 THEY HAVEN'T MATURED TO THE 6396 04:53:13,360 --> 04:53:20,200 POINT AS A STANDARD COMPLEMENT 6397 04:53:20,200 --> 04:53:22,200 THE SWEET SPOT AND LOOKS LIKE 6398 04:53:22,200 --> 04:53:29,600 YOU ARE FOCUSED BY SHINING THE 6399 04:53:29,600 --> 04:53:32,320 LIGHT ON THIS AND WORKING WITH 6400 04:53:32,320 --> 04:53:35,960 THE FDA I THINK IT DOES A LOT 6401 04:53:35,960 --> 04:53:39,080 FOR THE ENTIRE ENTERPRISE 6402 04:53:39,080 --> 04:53:42,240 WORKING SCIENTIST THOSE IN THE 6403 04:53:42,240 --> 04:53:44,720 ANIMAL FEEL TO BE MORE AWARE 6404 04:53:44,720 --> 04:53:51,080 AND ALSO FOR SIMPLY PUBLIC 6405 04:53:51,080 --> 04:53:51,680 AWARENESS THAT NIH HAS BEFORE 6406 04:53:51,680 --> 04:53:56,720 AND WILL IN THE FUTURE EVEN 6407 04:53:56,720 --> 04:53:57,280 MORE INVESTED GOING IN THIS 6408 04:53:57,280 --> 04:53:59,680 DIRECTION AND IT IS CLEAR TO 6409 04:53:59,680 --> 04:54:01,120 ME ALTHOUGH OF THE OCCASIONAL 6410 04:54:01,120 --> 04:54:05,320 EXCITING ARTICLES OF SCIENCE 6411 04:54:05,320 --> 04:54:06,840 TIMES THAT HAS BROUGHT VERY 6412 04:54:06,840 --> 04:54:09,600 LITTLE AWARENESS OF THIS. 6413 04:54:09,600 --> 04:54:17,800 >> IS THE GENERAL AWARENESS OF 6414 04:54:17,800 --> 04:54:19,400 HOW TO MAN TO USE THESE 6415 04:54:19,400 --> 04:54:21,320 TECHNOLOGIES WITH NIH FUNDING 6416 04:54:21,320 --> 04:54:25,520 AND ACADEMIES STUDY WITH 6417 04:54:25,520 --> 04:54:26,120 PRIMATES AND ALTERNATIVES HOW 6418 04:54:26,120 --> 04:54:31,200 DO YOU MAKE THE CONNECTIONS TO 6419 04:54:31,200 --> 04:54:31,720 MAKE THAT AN EFFECTIVE IN 6420 04:54:31,720 --> 04:54:34,160 TERMS OF TRANSLATION? 6421 04:54:34,160 --> 04:54:37,960 AND THEN TO DEMOCRATIZE TO 6422 04:54:37,960 --> 04:54:41,560 UNDERSTAND THEIR VALUE MORE 6423 04:54:41,560 --> 04:54:50,800 EFFICIENTLY. 6424 04:54:50,800 --> 04:54:53,880 >> THIS SEEMS VERY EXCITING TO 6425 04:54:53,880 --> 04:54:58,440 ME WHAT I'M HEARING IS YOU 6426 04:54:58,440 --> 04:54:59,040 LOOK AT TECHNOLOGIES THAT ARE 6427 04:54:59,040 --> 04:55:02,520 CURRENTLY DEVELOPING THOSE 6428 04:55:02,520 --> 04:55:03,440 THAT ARE MOST APPLICABLE TO 6429 04:55:03,440 --> 04:55:11,520 HUMAN BIOLOGY? 6430 04:55:11,520 --> 04:55:17,760 >> LOOKING AT TECHNOLOGIES AND 6431 04:55:17,760 --> 04:55:22,120 GETTING VERY CLOSE TO FRUITION 6432 04:55:22,120 --> 04:55:23,640 WHICH OF THOSE WOULD BE MOST 6433 04:55:23,640 --> 04:55:27,080 APPLICABLE TO HUMAN BIOLOGY. 6434 04:55:27,080 --> 04:55:33,320 >> SO THAT IS PART OF IT BUT 6435 04:55:33,320 --> 04:55:34,160 THE MANDATE OF THE WORKING 6436 04:55:34,160 --> 04:55:42,920 GROUP GOES BEYOND AND THIS CAN 6437 04:55:42,920 --> 04:55:46,000 HELP NIH TO ANSWER THE 6438 04:55:46,000 --> 04:55:48,200 QUESTIONS THEY WANT TO ADDRESS 6439 04:55:48,200 --> 04:55:53,000 MORE EFFICIENTLY AND NOW IT'S 6440 04:55:53,000 --> 04:55:58,600 AT THE COST TO MAKE THAT LEAP 6441 04:55:58,600 --> 04:56:01,520 THAT YES ONE OF THE GOALS IS 6442 04:56:01,520 --> 04:56:05,960 TO APPROACH MORE CLOSELY TO 6443 04:56:05,960 --> 04:56:06,520 HUMAN HEALTH CONDITION WHICH 6444 04:56:06,520 --> 04:56:10,520 WE ARE ALL HERE FOR. 6445 04:56:10,520 --> 04:56:17,920 >> TALK ABOUT DEVELOPING 6446 04:56:17,920 --> 04:56:21,280 METHODS THOSE EFFORTS HAVE NOT 6447 04:56:21,280 --> 04:56:26,120 BEEN SUPPORTED IN HOPING IT 6448 04:56:26,120 --> 04:56:27,840 WOULD BE MORE EMPHASIS ON 6449 04:56:27,840 --> 04:56:29,480 THOSE METHODS IF IT HAS 6450 04:56:29,480 --> 04:56:32,040 ANYTHING TO DO WITH HUMANS BUT 6451 04:56:32,040 --> 04:56:38,840 IT COULD EASILY. 6452 04:56:38,840 --> 04:56:40,880 AND THOSE THAT HAVE ALLIED OF 6453 04:56:40,880 --> 04:56:50,880 IMPORTANCE IT WOULD THE NICE 6454 04:56:50,880 --> 04:56:53,720 IF YOU'RE WORKING GROUP COULD 6455 04:56:53,720 --> 04:56:59,880 REINFORCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF 6456 04:56:59,880 --> 04:57:01,120 TECHNOLOGY. 6457 04:57:01,120 --> 04:57:06,640 >> ABSOLUTELY THAT'S WHY WE 6458 04:57:06,640 --> 04:57:10,320 WANTED VERY TANGIBLE OPTIONS 6459 04:57:10,320 --> 04:57:13,400 SO THE VALUE OF WORKING TO 6460 04:57:13,400 --> 04:57:17,000 IMPROVE HUMAN HEALTH THAT IS A 6461 04:57:17,000 --> 04:57:19,360 TOOL SO MY PRIOR WORK WAS ON 6462 04:57:19,360 --> 04:57:23,520 THE BRAIN INITIATIVE ON THE 6463 04:57:23,520 --> 04:57:28,920 INTERSECTION OF ENGINEERING SO 6464 04:57:28,920 --> 04:57:31,920 WE CAN CATALYZE NEW TYPES OF 6465 04:57:31,920 --> 04:57:36,920 RESEARCH AND THAT IS WHAT WE 6466 04:57:36,920 --> 04:57:37,920 ARE TO. 6467 04:57:37,920 --> 04:58:00,800 >> THANK YOU DIDN'T SEE ANY 6468 04:58:00,800 --> 04:58:05,880 OTHER QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT. 6469 04:58:05,880 --> 04:58:11,160 ANYTHING ELSE? 6470 04:58:11,160 --> 04:58:13,440 WE HAVE GONE THROUGH THIS 6471 04:58:13,440 --> 04:58:17,080 SESSION VERY EFFICIENTLY WITH 6472 04:58:17,080 --> 04:58:20,840 THE EARLY BREAK IN AND MEETING 6473 04:58:20,840 --> 04:58:23,720 A FEW MINUTES EARLY AFTER THE 6474 04:58:23,720 --> 04:58:23,960 SESSION. 6475 04:58:23,960 --> 04:58:29,080 IS ANYTHING ELSE? 6476 04:58:29,080 --> 04:58:32,120 >> THAT WAS A BURST OF 6477 04:58:32,120 --> 04:58:36,560 OPTIMISM. 6478 04:58:36,560 --> 04:58:44,440 >> EVERYDAY APPRECIATES THEY 6479 04:58:44,440 --> 04:58:45,000 ARE INTENSELY INTERESTED IN 6480 04:58:45,000 --> 04:58:50,280 FOR DIFFERENT REASONS AT LARGE 6481 04:58:50,280 --> 04:58:50,880 AND SO WHATEVER WE DO WE HAVE 6482 04:58:50,880 --> 04:58:57,400 TO MAKE SURE WE ARE AS PRECISE 6483 04:58:57,400 --> 04:59:05,600 AS POSSIBLE AND I DO THINK IT 6484 04:59:05,600 --> 04:59:08,920 IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE 6485 04:59:08,920 --> 04:59:14,560 DISCOVERY AT NIH AND OTHER 6486 04:59:14,560 --> 04:59:25,400 PLACES THAT IT WILL BE 6487 04:59:25,400 --> 04:59:29,080 INTENSELY SCRUTINIZED WITH 6488 04:59:29,080 --> 04:59:36,280 ANIMAL RESEARCH IN RESEARCH 6489 04:59:36,280 --> 04:59:36,800 FOR BOTH POSITIVE AND NOT 6490 04:59:36,800 --> 04:59:37,320 POSITIVE REASON SO ALL THE 6491 04:59:37,320 --> 04:59:39,280 COMMITTEE MEMBERS ARE AWARE OF 6492 04:59:39,280 --> 04:59:44,200 THAT AND HOPEFULLY WE GET THAT 6493 04:59:44,200 --> 04:59:50,800 INTERIM CHECK-IN AND THEN 6494 04:59:50,800 --> 05:00:01,520 MAYBE WITH A FINAL REPORT. 6495 05:00:01,520 --> 05:00:07,720 BUT IT IS VERY MUCH AN 6496 05:00:07,720 --> 05:00:11,800 OFFSHOOT AND THANK YOU FOR 6497 05:00:11,800 --> 05:00:18,920 GIVING US SOME CONTINUITY 6498 05:00:18,920 --> 05:00:21,920 SWELLING FORWARD TO HEARING 6499 05:00:21,920 --> 05:00:23,600 ABOUT THIS THANK YOU FOR 6500 05:00:23,600 --> 05:00:24,400 TAKING THIS ON AND TAKING ONE 6501 05:00:24,400 --> 05:00:29,760 FOR THE TEAM. 6502 05:00:29,760 --> 05:00:36,720 SO LET'S TAKE A BREAK. 6503 05:00:36,720 --> 05:00:43,520 >> WE WILL COME BACK AT 350 6504 05:00:43,520 --> 05:00:45,120 AND GET STARTED ON THE NEXT 6505 05:00:45,120 --> 05:00:49,320 SESSION A COUPLE MINUTES EARLY. 6506 05:00:49,320 --> 05:00:57,920 BABY WE CAN GET OUT OF HERE. 6507 05:00:57,920 --> 05:00:58,520 >> THAT'S A PROBLEM WHY WE ARE 6508 05:00:58,520 --> 05:01:01,000 NOT JUST LAUNCHING RIGHT INTO 6509 05:01:01,000 --> 05:01:02,120 IT. 6510 05:01:02,120 --> 05:01:07,640 THE NEXT TOPIC PEOPLE WILL BE 6511 05:01:07,640 --> 05:01:14,720 AS INTERESTED IF NOT MORE SO. 6512 05:01:14,720 --> 05:01:29,960 >> SO THE NEXT SESSION STARTS 6513 05:01:29,960 --> 05:01:35,040 AT 4:15 P.M. SO WE WILL TAKE A 6514 05:01:35,040 --> 05:01:37,800 LITTLE BREAK AND STAY ON 6515 05:01:37,800 --> 05:01:44,600 SCHEDULE AND WE WILL COME BACK 6516 05:01:44,600 --> 05:01:46,520 THEN. 6517 05:01:46,520 --> 05:05:17,040 WE WILL RECONVENE AT 4:15 P.M. 6518 05:05:17,040 --> 05:05:17,600 AND THEN TO SEE THE SCIENCE 6519 05:05:17,600 --> 05:05:19,240 TITLED THE CASE OF 6520 05:05:19,240 --> 05:05:19,680 DISAPPEARING PERIOD. 6521 05:05:19,680 --> 05:05:25,040 THAT IT WAS BECOMING SOMETHING 6522 05:05:25,040 --> 05:05:25,600 THAT WAS STARTING TO APPEAR 6523 05:05:25,600 --> 05:05:28,560 AND THEN JANUARY 2017 THE 6524 05:05:28,560 --> 05:05:31,520 IMPACT OF THE POSTDOCTORAL 6525 05:05:31,520 --> 05:05:34,880 TRAINING AND THEN MORE 6526 05:05:34,880 --> 05:05:39,920 RECENTLY HERE IN THE 2022 6527 05:05:39,920 --> 05:05:43,560 THERE IS A LARGE NUMBER OF 6528 05:05:43,560 --> 05:05:55,480 REPORTS AND OPINION PIECES 6529 05:05:55,480 --> 05:05:55,880 WITH THE QUESTION OF 6530 05:05:55,880 --> 05:05:59,400 RECRUITING THE POSTOP AND 6531 05:05:59,400 --> 05:06:00,360 CHANGE AND SCIENCE TITLE AT 6532 05:06:00,360 --> 05:06:04,200 THE TOP. 6533 05:06:04,200 --> 05:06:13,640 THE IMPACT ON RESEARCH AND 6534 05:06:13,640 --> 05:06:14,160 SCIENCE ADVANCES AND THEN 6535 05:06:14,160 --> 05:06:16,240 QUESTIONS ABOUT THE LABOR 6536 05:06:16,240 --> 05:06:20,360 FORCE AND THEN EVEN THIS MONTH 6537 05:06:20,360 --> 05:06:24,480 ANOTHER PAPER SO THE CONSTANT 6538 05:06:24,480 --> 05:06:29,520 DRUMBEAT MAYBE IT'S TIME FOR 6539 05:06:29,520 --> 05:06:30,400 NIH AND AS WE STARTED TO GET 6540 05:06:30,400 --> 05:06:35,520 THIS GOING WE HAVE HEARD FROM 6541 05:06:35,520 --> 05:06:39,960 VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS THAT 6542 05:06:39,960 --> 05:06:45,360 MANY ARE LOOKING INTO THIS 6543 05:06:45,360 --> 05:06:45,920 IT'S ONLY NIH THAT NEEDS TO 6544 05:06:45,920 --> 05:06:48,080 WRESTLE WITH THE PROBLEM AND 6545 05:06:48,080 --> 05:07:00,840 TO THINK ABOUT IT. 6546 05:07:00,840 --> 05:07:05,240 >> WITH THE WAY OF THE LAND 6547 05:07:05,240 --> 05:07:08,080 THE NEXT SEVERAL MINUTES THE 6548 05:07:08,080 --> 05:07:15,200 INFORMATION WILL PROVIDE THAT 6549 05:07:15,200 --> 05:07:15,760 LAST MONTH WHEN WE MET THERE 6550 05:07:15,760 --> 05:07:18,240 ARE MULTIPLE FORCES AFFECTING 6551 05:07:18,240 --> 05:07:20,480 THIS DECLINE AND WHAT WE ARE 6552 05:07:20,480 --> 05:07:23,480 SEEING IS LOWER NUMBERS 6553 05:07:23,480 --> 05:07:28,880 OVERALL, LOWER NUMBERS OF THE 6554 05:07:28,880 --> 05:07:29,480 GRAD STUDENTS WHICH HAS SOME 6555 05:07:29,480 --> 05:07:31,160 IMPACT ON THE LINE. 6556 05:07:31,160 --> 05:07:36,840 AND THEN FEWER APPLICATIONS 6557 05:07:36,840 --> 05:07:37,120 AND AWARDS. 6558 05:07:37,120 --> 05:07:40,280 THIS IS DESPITE THE FACT THAT 6559 05:07:40,280 --> 05:07:40,840 STIPENDS HAVE INCREASED BUT 6560 05:07:40,840 --> 05:07:45,600 NOT KEEPING PACE WITH THOSE IN 6561 05:07:45,600 --> 05:07:46,400 INDUSTRY AND THE NUMBER OF 6562 05:07:46,400 --> 05:07:51,960 GRAD STUDENT HAS CONTINUED TO 6563 05:07:51,960 --> 05:07:54,920 RISE WITH THOSE TAKING THOSE 6564 05:07:54,920 --> 05:07:55,880 POSITIONS HAS BEEN ON A 6565 05:07:55,880 --> 05:08:00,880 DOWNWARD TREND RECENTLY AND 6566 05:08:00,880 --> 05:08:01,440 INTERESTINGLY GRAD STUDENTS 6567 05:08:01,440 --> 05:08:03,800 AND POSTDOCS REPORT DECLINES 6568 05:08:03,800 --> 05:08:09,280 IN OVERALL QUALITY OF LIFE AND 6569 05:08:09,280 --> 05:08:12,280 IT'S WORSE FOR INTERNATIONAL 6570 05:08:12,280 --> 05:08:15,640 TRAININGS SO THESE ANECDOTAL 6571 05:08:15,640 --> 05:08:22,080 DISCUSSIONS THEY SUGGEST THEY 6572 05:08:22,080 --> 05:08:22,640 ARE WORKING WORSENING SINCE 6573 05:08:22,640 --> 05:08:25,080 2020 WITH THE ADDED STRESSORS 6574 05:08:25,080 --> 05:08:28,120 THAT HAS ARISEN FROM THE 6575 05:08:28,120 --> 05:08:29,680 PANDEMIC AND THOSE ECONOMIC 6576 05:08:29,680 --> 05:08:35,720 CHALLENGES THAT HAVE RESULTED 6577 05:08:35,720 --> 05:08:38,760 SO WE ARE HEARING ALL OF THIS 6578 05:08:38,760 --> 05:08:42,800 STUFF DOES THE DATA BEAR THIS 6579 05:08:42,800 --> 05:08:44,880 OUT? 6580 05:08:44,880 --> 05:08:45,480 SUGGEST STARTING TO GET THE 6581 05:08:45,480 --> 05:08:47,920 DATA WHAT WE WILL PRESENT 6582 05:08:47,920 --> 05:08:49,440 TODAY WAS JUST SCRATCHING THE 6583 05:08:49,440 --> 05:08:54,880 SURFACE BUT IT IS HELPFUL 6584 05:08:54,880 --> 05:08:55,480 BACKGROUND FOR CONTEXT AND AS 6585 05:08:55,480 --> 05:08:59,680 WE KNOW PREVIOUSLY AND ASSESS 6586 05:08:59,680 --> 05:09:01,200 COLLECTS DATA ON GRADUATE 6587 05:09:01,200 --> 05:09:03,240 STUDENTS SCIENCE AND 6588 05:09:03,240 --> 05:09:08,880 ENGINEERING AND THEY DO THIS 6589 05:09:08,880 --> 05:09:10,600 ANNUAL CENSUS OF ALL ACADEMIC 6590 05:09:10,600 --> 05:09:11,080 INSTITUTIONS THAT GRANT 6591 05:09:11,080 --> 05:09:13,080 RESEARCH-BASED MASTER'S OR 6592 05:09:13,080 --> 05:09:13,400 DOCTORATE'S. 6593 05:09:13,400 --> 05:09:17,960 IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING NIH 6594 05:09:17,960 --> 05:09:24,840 COSPONSORS THE WORK SO WHAT IS 6595 05:09:24,840 --> 05:09:25,360 OUTLINED HERE WHICH IS THE 6596 05:09:25,360 --> 05:09:30,080 MOST RECENT DATA THOSE THAT 6597 05:09:30,080 --> 05:09:32,960 ARE REPRESENTED BY THE 6598 05:09:32,960 --> 05:09:37,240 GREENLINE HAS STEADILY 6599 05:09:37,240 --> 05:09:39,960 INCREASED SINCE 1980 BUT THAT 6600 05:09:39,960 --> 05:09:42,680 HAS PLATEAUED AND HAS REMAINED 6601 05:09:42,680 --> 05:09:45,680 FLAT FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS 6602 05:09:45,680 --> 05:09:49,640 COLLECTING DATA AND 6603 05:09:49,640 --> 05:09:53,280 IMPORTANTLY IT HAS NEWER 6604 05:09:53,280 --> 05:09:56,480 UPDATED DATA AND WILL GIVE US 6605 05:09:56,480 --> 05:09:59,880 A LITTLE BIT OF A GLIMPSE INTO 6606 05:09:59,880 --> 05:10:04,600 THE PANDEMIC ON THE WORKFORCE 6607 05:10:04,600 --> 05:10:05,760 BUT WE HAVE BEEN IN 6608 05:10:05,760 --> 05:10:08,720 CONVERSATION WITH NSF AND THEY 6609 05:10:08,720 --> 05:10:15,840 WILL BRIEF THE WORKING GROUP. 6610 05:10:15,840 --> 05:10:16,880 SO WHEN WE LOOK AT WHO MAKES 6611 05:10:16,880 --> 05:10:28,680 UP THE COHORT OF THE POSTOP SO 6612 05:10:28,680 --> 05:10:30,880 THOSE THAT SHOW IN THE GREEN 6613 05:10:30,880 --> 05:10:35,320 TEAL COLOR VERSUS THE LIGHTER 6614 05:10:35,320 --> 05:10:39,360 BLUE LINE SHOWS PERMANENT 6615 05:10:39,360 --> 05:10:45,480 RESIDENCE THAT IN THE NINETIES 6616 05:10:45,480 --> 05:10:46,560 WHEN THE TEMPORARY VISA 6617 05:10:46,560 --> 05:10:49,320 HOLDERS SURPASSED THE US 6618 05:10:49,320 --> 05:10:51,720 CITIZENS OF PERMANENT 6619 05:10:51,720 --> 05:10:53,440 RESIDENTS IN TERMS OF ABSOLUTE 6620 05:10:53,440 --> 05:10:59,760 NUMBER OF POSTOP. 6621 05:10:59,760 --> 05:11:00,280 SO IN 2020 ONLY 46 PERCENT 6622 05:11:00,280 --> 05:11:02,800 WERE US CITIZENS OR PERMANENT 6623 05:11:02,800 --> 05:11:04,400 RESIDENTS. 6624 05:11:04,400 --> 05:11:08,880 THIS IS AN IMPORTANT POINT TO 6625 05:11:08,880 --> 05:11:09,400 ILLUSTRATE THE POOL OF THE 6626 05:11:09,400 --> 05:11:16,640 POSTDOCS COMING TO THE US TO 6627 05:11:16,640 --> 05:11:19,640 THE LESSER FOR THE BIOMEDICAL 6628 05:11:19,640 --> 05:11:21,480 ENTERPRISE. 6629 05:11:21,480 --> 05:11:30,280 SO THIS MAKES US DOWN FURTHER 6630 05:11:30,280 --> 05:11:30,880 AND THEN IT SHOWS SOME SIMILAR 6631 05:11:30,880 --> 05:11:34,280 DATA AFTER DECADES OF GROWTH 6632 05:11:34,280 --> 05:11:40,080 AND HAS BEGUN TO DECLINE OR 6633 05:11:40,080 --> 05:11:43,000 PLATEAU. 6634 05:11:43,000 --> 05:11:53,840 TO BREAK THAT DOWN BY GENDER. 6635 05:11:53,840 --> 05:11:54,400 SO THIS CORRELATES WITH THE 6636 05:11:54,400 --> 05:11:54,920 CLIENTS WE ARE SEEING IN 6637 05:11:54,920 --> 05:11:57,440 INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE SCHOOL 6638 05:11:57,440 --> 05:11:58,360 ENROLLMENT WITH THE DATA ON 6639 05:11:58,360 --> 05:12:09,000 THE LEFT STARTING IN 2007 6640 05:12:09,000 --> 05:12:09,560 MAYBE NOT UNEXPECTEDLY THERE 6641 05:12:09,560 --> 05:12:11,040 IS A SHARP DECLINE IN ALL 6642 05:12:11,040 --> 05:12:18,000 CATEGORIES STARTING IN 2020 WE 6643 05:12:18,000 --> 05:12:18,600 CAN IMAGINE WHAT WOULD BE THE 6644 05:12:18,600 --> 05:12:22,920 CAUSE OF THAT. 6645 05:12:22,920 --> 05:12:23,480 A NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL 6646 05:12:23,480 --> 05:12:27,480 STUDENTS DROPPED BY 15 PERCENT 6647 05:12:27,480 --> 05:12:28,040 OBVIOUSLY THIS PRIMARILY WAS 6648 05:12:28,040 --> 05:12:30,880 DUE TO THE PANDEMIC BUT IT'S 6649 05:12:30,880 --> 05:12:39,680 IMPORTANT TO NOTE ONE THING. 6650 05:12:39,680 --> 05:12:40,120 ELEVEN PEOPLE SAY THAT 6651 05:12:40,120 --> 05:12:40,720 PANDEMIC IS THE ONLY CAUSE OF 6652 05:12:40,720 --> 05:12:41,280 THE DECLINE BECAUSE IT MAKES 6653 05:12:41,280 --> 05:12:42,000 IT CLEANER BUT UNFORTUNATELY 6654 05:12:42,000 --> 05:12:44,800 IF YOU LOOK AT ENROLLMENT 6655 05:12:44,800 --> 05:12:48,320 TRENDS DOWN IN THE BOTTOM 6656 05:12:48,320 --> 05:12:50,800 RIGHT THESE ARE NOT LIMITED TO 6657 05:12:50,800 --> 05:12:52,360 COVID-19 BECAUSE BOTH NEW AND 6658 05:12:52,360 --> 05:12:56,480 CONTINUING ENROLLMENT GOES 6659 05:12:56,480 --> 05:12:58,720 BACK TO THE 2018 ACADEMIC 6660 05:12:58,720 --> 05:12:58,920 YEAR. 6661 05:12:58,920 --> 05:13:03,480 THAT IS BEFORE THE PANDEMIC SO 6662 05:13:03,480 --> 05:13:04,960 CLEARLY WHILE THERE WAS A 6663 05:13:04,960 --> 05:13:06,960 MAJOR IMPACT AND EXACERBATE 6664 05:13:06,960 --> 05:13:17,520 THE PROBLEM AND THEN TO KNOW 6665 05:13:17,520 --> 05:13:19,280 WHO IS FINANCIALLY SUPPORTING 6666 05:13:19,280 --> 05:13:23,000 THE WORKFORCE. 6667 05:13:23,000 --> 05:13:25,680 AND THROUGH FEDERAL RESEARCH 6668 05:13:25,680 --> 05:13:27,720 SUPPORT THROUGH FELLOWSHIPS 6669 05:13:27,720 --> 05:13:33,880 THROUGH THE F 30 CHOOSE THAT 6670 05:13:33,880 --> 05:13:36,840 NONFEDERAL SUPPORT HAS BEEN 6671 05:13:36,840 --> 05:13:42,320 GROWING ACCOUNTING FOR 6672 05:13:42,320 --> 05:13:46,960 40 PERCENT AND FOR THOSE 6673 05:13:46,960 --> 05:13:50,080 POSTDOCTORAL WORKFORCE AND 6674 05:13:50,080 --> 05:13:55,920 LOOK AT WITH THOSE OF WORDS 6675 05:13:55,920 --> 05:13:57,280 SPECIFICALLY RELATED TO THE F 6676 05:13:57,280 --> 05:14:03,560 32 APPLICATIONS THAT ARE 6677 05:14:03,560 --> 05:14:04,120 SUBMITTED INDEPENDENTLY YOU 6678 05:14:04,120 --> 05:14:11,080 CAN SEE THAT AND THAT AFTER 6679 05:14:11,080 --> 05:14:11,560 THE TWO FELLOWSHIP HAS 6680 05:14:11,560 --> 05:14:14,040 DECREASED OVER TIME. 6681 05:14:14,040 --> 05:14:16,160 BUT WHAT IS EVEN MORE TELLING 6682 05:14:16,160 --> 05:14:19,480 THE DARK BLUE BAR THE NUMBER 6683 05:14:19,480 --> 05:14:22,320 OF APPLICATIONS WE ARE 6684 05:14:22,320 --> 05:14:23,280 RECEIVING ALSO HAS DECREASED 6685 05:14:23,280 --> 05:14:33,080 OVER THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS. 6686 05:14:33,080 --> 05:14:33,680 EVEN THOUGH WE HAVE SUCCESS 6687 05:14:33,680 --> 05:14:38,840 RATES THAT ARE FAIRLY HIGH. 6688 05:14:38,840 --> 05:14:39,360 CONSISTENT SINCE THE EARLY 6689 05:14:39,360 --> 05:14:41,880 2000'S IS JUST UNDER 6690 05:14:41,880 --> 05:14:47,480 30 PERCENT BUT THESE TRENDS 6691 05:14:47,480 --> 05:14:51,680 EXTEND BEYOND THAT THE DATA 6692 05:14:51,680 --> 05:14:55,480 SHOWS NOT ONLY ARE THE NUMBERS 6693 05:14:55,480 --> 05:14:59,640 OF POSTOP DECLINING BUT SOME 6694 05:14:59,640 --> 05:15:07,920 OF THOSE ON TRAINING GRANTS? 6695 05:15:07,920 --> 05:15:11,000 SO WHAT WE SEE THE NIH POOL OF 6696 05:15:11,000 --> 05:15:12,000 POSTOP REGARDLESS OF A FUNDING 6697 05:15:12,000 --> 05:15:15,880 MECHANISM IS DWINDLING AND 6698 05:15:15,880 --> 05:15:16,840 WHAT WE ARE SHOWING HERE ARE 6699 05:15:16,840 --> 05:15:19,480 ABSOLUTE NUMBERS NOT 6700 05:15:19,480 --> 05:15:20,480 PERCENTAGE THE ACTUAL NUMBERS 6701 05:15:20,480 --> 05:15:30,480 WE ARE SUPPORTING. 6702 05:15:30,480 --> 05:15:30,960 AND IF YOU LOOK AT WHERE 6703 05:15:30,960 --> 05:15:31,560 PEOPLE ARE GOING RIGHT OUT OF 6704 05:15:31,560 --> 05:15:32,120 GRADUATE SCHOOL, WHAT WE SEE 6705 05:15:32,120 --> 05:15:34,760 HERE IS THE PERCENTAGE OF PHD 6706 05:15:34,760 --> 05:15:39,440 WITH POSTGRADUATE PLANS THERE 6707 05:15:39,440 --> 05:15:41,360 IS A SLIGHTLY INCREASING 6708 05:15:41,360 --> 05:15:42,680 PERCENTAGE OF NEW PHD'S WHO 6709 05:15:42,680 --> 05:15:48,720 ARE GETTING A JOB AND THEY ARE 6710 05:15:48,720 --> 05:15:52,800 SKIPPING POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING 6711 05:15:52,800 --> 05:15:54,680 SO IN 2021 OVER 40 PERCENT BUT 6712 05:15:54,680 --> 05:16:06,880 IF YOU GO BACK TO 1985 TO 6713 05:16:06,880 --> 05:16:07,480 BEGINNING OF THE CHART THIS 6714 05:16:07,480 --> 05:16:07,960 PERCENTAGE IS CLOSER TO 6715 05:16:07,960 --> 05:16:08,560 35 PERCENT IT IS A HUGE CHANGE 6716 05:16:08,560 --> 05:16:14,680 BUT IT IS A CLEAR SEEING. 6717 05:16:14,680 --> 05:16:17,680 THAT IF WE BREAK THIS DOWN 6718 05:16:17,680 --> 05:16:21,160 FURTHER TO KNOW WHERE THEY ARE 6719 05:16:21,160 --> 05:16:22,320 GOING AFTER NOT DOING PERIOD 6720 05:16:22,320 --> 05:16:29,400 WHERE ARE THEY GOING? 6721 05:16:29,400 --> 05:16:30,000 SO WHAT WE HAVE HERE THE DATA 6722 05:16:30,000 --> 05:16:30,600 SHOWS AN INCREASING PERCENTAGE 6723 05:16:30,600 --> 05:16:33,320 OF PHD'S GOING INTO INDUSTRY 6724 05:16:33,320 --> 05:16:40,080 OR BUSINESS AND NOW THE LARGER 6725 05:16:40,080 --> 05:16:44,840 SHARE THOSE THAT HAVE DEFINITE 6726 05:16:44,840 --> 05:16:48,120 COMMITMENTS SO IN 6727 05:16:48,120 --> 05:16:49,880 202157 PERCENT WENT INTO 6728 05:16:49,880 --> 05:16:53,240 INDUSTRY AND ONLY 26 PERCENT 6729 05:16:53,240 --> 05:16:57,280 WENT INTO ACADEMIA NOT ALL 6730 05:16:57,280 --> 05:17:00,280 INDIVIDUALS COULD BE DOING 6731 05:17:00,280 --> 05:17:02,680 POSTDOCS BUT IT IS IMPORTANT 6732 05:17:02,680 --> 05:17:04,760 TO HIGHLIGHT THE GROWING TREND 6733 05:17:04,760 --> 05:17:11,280 I WANT TO EMPHASIZE SOMETHING 6734 05:17:11,280 --> 05:17:11,800 I EMPHASIZED LAST TIME A 6735 05:17:11,800 --> 05:17:13,400 DISTRIBUTION OF SCIENCE AND 6736 05:17:13,400 --> 05:17:16,400 ENGINEERING GOING INTO A RANGE 6737 05:17:16,400 --> 05:17:21,760 FEEL THAT IS A GOOD THING I 6738 05:17:21,760 --> 05:17:22,360 WENT TO MAKE SURE THAT IS THE 6739 05:17:22,360 --> 05:17:24,680 TAKE-HOME MESSAGE ON THIS 6740 05:17:24,680 --> 05:17:29,080 SLIDE IT IS POSITIVE BUT IT'S 6741 05:17:29,080 --> 05:17:33,280 HELPFUL TO UNDERSTAND THE 6742 05:17:33,280 --> 05:17:36,440 POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING AND 6743 05:17:36,440 --> 05:17:37,040 WHERE PEOPLE ARE GOING TO HELP 6744 05:17:37,040 --> 05:17:39,560 US FIGURE OUT WHY AND HOW WE 6745 05:17:39,560 --> 05:17:42,480 RESPOND TO THAT. 6746 05:17:42,480 --> 05:17:44,920 PART OF THIS REASON I HAVE 6747 05:17:44,920 --> 05:17:47,720 HEARD NUMEROUS TIMES AND 6748 05:17:47,720 --> 05:17:51,240 SHELLEY HAS OCCURRED ECHOED 6749 05:17:51,240 --> 05:17:51,800 SIMILAR SENTIMENTS IS PEOPLE 6750 05:17:51,800 --> 05:17:53,240 HAVE TO BE ABLE TO PAY THEIR 6751 05:17:53,240 --> 05:18:00,760 BILLS AND LIVE IN A SHELLEY 6752 05:18:00,760 --> 05:18:01,280 WILL BREAK DOWN DATA BUT 6753 05:18:01,280 --> 05:18:01,800 COST-OF-LIVING IS A MAJOR 6754 05:18:01,800 --> 05:18:03,120 FACTOR IN THIS EQUATION IF YOU 6755 05:18:03,120 --> 05:18:07,080 LOOK AT THE STIPENDS THOSE 6756 05:18:07,080 --> 05:18:07,640 HAVE STEADILY BEEN GROWING 6757 05:18:07,640 --> 05:18:13,160 OVER THE LAST TEN YEARS NOW IT 6758 05:18:13,160 --> 05:18:14,120 IS ABOUT $55000 SOMEBODY JUST 6759 05:18:14,120 --> 05:18:27,240 STARTING OUT. 6760 05:18:27,240 --> 05:18:29,280 SO THOSE WHO ARE IN THEIR MOST 6761 05:18:29,280 --> 05:18:35,800 EXPERIENCED POSTDOCTORAL YEARS 6762 05:18:35,800 --> 05:18:36,320 THEY ARE MAKING CLOSER TO 6763 05:18:36,320 --> 05:18:36,760 66000 AND IT'S GREAT 6764 05:18:36,760 --> 05:18:42,880 PROCEEDING THE GROWTH THAT WE 6765 05:18:42,880 --> 05:18:43,480 HAVE TO THINK ABOUT THIS IN 6766 05:18:43,480 --> 05:18:44,920 THE CONTEXT OF THE WHOLE 6767 05:18:44,920 --> 05:18:47,720 ENVIRONMENT AND IF WE LOOK AT 6768 05:18:47,720 --> 05:18:48,320 HOW THAT COMPARES TO INDUSTRY 6769 05:18:48,320 --> 05:18:52,480 THE NATIONAL AVERAGE IS 6770 05:18:52,480 --> 05:18:56,320 BETWEEN 73 AND 84000 ACCORDING 6771 05:18:56,320 --> 05:18:59,840 TO THE JOB SEARCH SITES THAT'S 6772 05:18:59,840 --> 05:19:05,320 A CONSIDERABLE JUMP ABOVE 6773 05:19:05,320 --> 05:19:05,920 FIGHT $55000 ABOVE THE STIPEND 6774 05:19:05,920 --> 05:19:09,480 AND VERY RECENTLY IN RESPONSE 6775 05:19:09,480 --> 05:19:11,120 TO DIFFICULTIES OF HIRING 6776 05:19:11,120 --> 05:19:15,720 POSTDOC AND GROWING CONCERN 6777 05:19:15,720 --> 05:19:17,800 BOTH MIT AND SAINT JUDE HAVE 6778 05:19:17,800 --> 05:19:21,560 RAISED THEIR SALARIES TO 65 6779 05:19:21,560 --> 05:19:26,000 AND 70000 RESPECTIVELY. 6780 05:19:26,000 --> 05:19:29,680 AND THE NSF SURVEY THE DATA 6781 05:19:29,680 --> 05:19:32,960 HIGHLIGHTS THE SALARY GAP EVEN 6782 05:19:32,960 --> 05:19:37,040 FURTHER SO THEY SUGGEST HIGHER 6783 05:19:37,040 --> 05:19:37,600 DISCREPANCY BETWEEN SECTORS 6784 05:19:37,600 --> 05:19:39,760 BASED ON THE WAGES OF THOSE 6785 05:19:39,760 --> 05:19:40,440 SURVEYED WHEN GRAD STUDENTS 6786 05:19:40,440 --> 05:19:44,720 ARE CONTEMPLATING THE NEXT 6787 05:19:44,720 --> 05:19:49,480 STEP MAY BE A POSTDOC OR MAYBE 6788 05:19:49,480 --> 05:19:52,920 NOT THEY HEAR THAT THEY CAN GO 6789 05:19:52,920 --> 05:19:55,600 TO SIX FIGURES GOING INTO 6790 05:19:55,600 --> 05:19:59,480 INDUSTRY IF YOU THINK OF THAT 6791 05:19:59,480 --> 05:20:00,080 COMPARED TO 55 THAT IS A BIG 6792 05:20:00,080 --> 05:20:00,600 DIFFERENCE ESPECIALLY FOR 6793 05:20:00,600 --> 05:20:02,280 THOSE STARTING FAMILIES OR 6794 05:20:02,280 --> 05:20:05,760 WITH OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES. 6795 05:20:05,760 --> 05:20:10,480 WE CAN RECOGNIZE ALL THE 6796 05:20:10,480 --> 05:20:15,680 FACTORS INFLUENCING HOW WE 6797 05:20:15,680 --> 05:20:17,680 MIGHT IMPROVE THE PATHWAY AND 6798 05:20:17,680 --> 05:20:23,320 THE ECOSYSTEM SO NOW SHELLEY 6799 05:20:23,320 --> 05:20:24,120 WILL ELABORATE FURTHER ON THE 6800 05:20:24,120 --> 05:20:34,880 RECENT DATA. 6801 05:20:34,880 --> 05:20:35,480 >> SO THIS IS CLEARLY A MULTI- 6802 05:20:35,480 --> 05:20:37,320 EFFECT REAL CHALLENGE THERE 6803 05:20:37,320 --> 05:20:42,120 ARE MANY ELEMENTS COMING INTO 6804 05:20:42,120 --> 05:20:48,160 PLAY THAT ARE AFFECTING 6805 05:20:48,160 --> 05:20:48,760 RELATING TO THIS ISSUE OF WHAT 6806 05:20:48,760 --> 05:20:50,680 GRADUATE STUDENTS ARE PLANNING 6807 05:20:50,680 --> 05:20:53,560 ESPECIALLY IN THE BIOMEDICAL 6808 05:20:53,560 --> 05:20:56,280 FIELD. 6809 05:20:56,280 --> 05:21:01,040 ONE IS THE LOW SALARY DURING 6810 05:21:01,040 --> 05:21:03,840 THIS LINK THE STUDENT LIFE OF 6811 05:21:03,840 --> 05:21:06,160 POSTDOC AND THAT PERIOD OF 6812 05:21:06,160 --> 05:21:13,120 TIME HAS BEEN GROWING SO THAT 6813 05:21:13,120 --> 05:21:13,680 TRAINEES HAVE BEEN FACING 6814 05:21:13,680 --> 05:21:16,360 THESE LOW SALARIES FOR MUCH 6815 05:21:16,360 --> 05:21:18,440 LONGER TIME THAN IN PREVIOUS 6816 05:21:18,440 --> 05:21:22,080 GENERATIONS. 6817 05:21:22,080 --> 05:21:27,760 I THINK THE BIOTECH AND PHARMA 6818 05:21:27,760 --> 05:21:28,320 INDUSTRY HAS BEEN BURGEONING 6819 05:21:28,320 --> 05:21:35,680 THE LAST FIVE OR TEN YEARS AND 6820 05:21:35,680 --> 05:21:36,280 SO THAT HAS LED TO THE DIRECT 6821 05:21:36,280 --> 05:21:38,480 RECRUITMENT GRADUATE STUDENTS 6822 05:21:38,480 --> 05:21:55,040 INTO INDUSTRY SO THE NUMBERS 6823 05:21:55,040 --> 05:21:55,480 AT SEPARATE THOSE FROM 6824 05:21:55,480 --> 05:21:56,000 BIOMEDICAL THAT WOULD BE 6825 05:21:56,000 --> 05:21:56,560 INTERESTING FOR US TO TAKE A 6826 05:21:56,560 --> 05:21:58,560 LOOK AT. 6827 05:21:58,560 --> 05:22:02,680 CREDIT HAS AMPLIFIED THE TREND 6828 05:22:02,680 --> 05:22:04,920 TREMENDOUSLY AND TALKING TO 6829 05:22:04,920 --> 05:22:12,320 HER OWN STUDENTS WITH THE 6830 05:22:12,320 --> 05:22:12,920 DRAMATIC EFFECT OF THAT AND WE 6831 05:22:12,920 --> 05:22:19,680 WILL GET TO THOSE NUMBERS SO 6832 05:22:19,680 --> 05:22:20,240 IMMIGRATION HAS BEEN LOWERED 6833 05:22:20,240 --> 05:22:27,440 FOR MANY REASONS NOT ONLY 6834 05:22:27,440 --> 05:22:27,880 COVID THAT IMMIGRATION 6835 05:22:27,880 --> 05:22:28,440 POLICIES AND RESEARCH AND 6836 05:22:28,440 --> 05:22:31,160 BRIDE HAS BEEN IMPROVING THINK 6837 05:22:31,160 --> 05:22:37,400 THAT HAS ACCELERATED THE TREND 6838 05:22:37,400 --> 05:22:39,880 AND ENOUGH WE CAN DO ANYTHING 6839 05:22:39,880 --> 05:22:42,880 ABOUT THIS BUT THE TIME TO 6840 05:22:42,880 --> 05:22:48,640 PUBLISH HAS BEEN EXPANDING. 6841 05:22:48,640 --> 05:22:49,240 I KNOW THE JOURNALS ARE TRYING 6842 05:22:49,240 --> 05:22:49,840 TO ADDRESS THIS BUT IT IS NOT 6843 05:22:49,840 --> 05:22:53,080 AN EASY FIX I THINK THE 6844 05:22:53,080 --> 05:22:58,840 STUDENTS AND POSTDOC SEE THAT 6845 05:22:58,840 --> 05:23:02,720 AS AN ISSUE THAT TOP HEAVY 6846 05:23:02,720 --> 05:23:05,960 ACADEMIA THEY SEE THE ENTRY 6847 05:23:05,960 --> 05:23:11,080 INTO FACULTY POSITIONS ARE 6848 05:23:11,080 --> 05:23:18,400 DIFFICULT AS A CAREER PATH. 6849 05:23:18,400 --> 05:23:21,320 SO THE NATURE SURVEY 2020 THIS 6850 05:23:21,320 --> 05:23:23,720 IS JUST THE BEGINNING OF COVID 6851 05:23:23,720 --> 05:23:28,120 SO WHAT WE SEE HERE IN THESE 6852 05:23:28,120 --> 05:23:36,480 NUMBERS ARE WORSE OF THIS 6853 05:23:36,480 --> 05:23:45,800 SURVEY WOULD BE REPEATED SO WE 6854 05:23:45,800 --> 05:23:46,320 CAN START AT THE TOP IT IS 6855 05:23:46,320 --> 05:23:46,920 POSTDOC CAREER SATISFACTION IN 6856 05:23:46,920 --> 05:23:50,080 2020 AND THIS IS WORLDWIDE THE 6857 05:23:50,080 --> 05:23:54,040 BOTTOM LINE POSTDOCS ARE 6858 05:23:54,040 --> 05:23:54,880 EXPERIENCING DISTRESS ABOUT 6859 05:23:54,880 --> 05:23:58,720 THEIR CAREER WORKLOAD AND 6860 05:23:58,720 --> 05:24:00,080 CULTURE SEE YOU CAN SEE 6861 05:24:00,080 --> 05:24:04,480 WORLDWIDE IN US DOLLARS THE 6862 05:24:04,480 --> 05:24:14,600 ANNUAL SALARY 30000 TO 80000 6863 05:24:14,600 --> 05:24:15,200 PROBABLY BECAUSE INTERNATIONAL 6864 05:24:15,200 --> 05:24:21,640 SALARIES ARE LOWER THAT 6865 05:24:21,640 --> 05:24:24,640 CLUSTERING AROUND THERE. 6866 05:24:24,640 --> 05:24:30,720 THEN IN THE BOTTOM LEFT THE 6867 05:24:30,720 --> 05:24:31,280 PAST YEAR WITH YOUR LEVEL OF 6868 05:24:31,280 --> 05:24:31,880 SATISFACTION IF YOU LOOK AT 6869 05:24:31,880 --> 05:24:38,600 THE TOP TWO CATEGORIES THAT IS 6870 05:24:38,600 --> 05:24:39,120 50 PERCENT OF POSTDOC HAS 6871 05:24:39,120 --> 05:24:41,680 REPORTED SIGNIFICANTLY 6872 05:24:41,680 --> 05:24:43,720 WORSENED LEVEL OF SATISFACTION 6873 05:24:43,720 --> 05:24:50,120 SO THAT IS PRETTY HIGH THE TOP 6874 05:24:50,120 --> 05:24:50,720 RIGHT IN SPITE OF ALL OF THAT 6875 05:24:50,720 --> 05:24:57,040 THERE IS A HOPE OVER 6876 05:24:57,040 --> 05:25:01,360 60 PERCENT HOPING TO PURSUE 6877 05:25:01,360 --> 05:25:05,480 THAT IS THEIR CONFIDENCE THEY 6878 05:25:05,480 --> 05:25:09,320 CAN PURSUE AND THOSE ARE 6879 05:25:09,320 --> 05:25:09,880 REFLECTED HAD HE FEEL ABOUT 6880 05:25:09,880 --> 05:25:13,760 YOUR JOB PROSPECTS EXTREMELY 6881 05:25:13,760 --> 05:25:14,640 NEGATIVE AND SOMEWHAT NEGATIVE 6882 05:25:14,640 --> 05:25:16,880 OVER 50 PERCENT SO THAT IS 6883 05:25:16,880 --> 05:25:22,680 PRETTY EYE-OPENING AND THEN AT 6884 05:25:22,680 --> 05:25:23,240 THE BOTTOM RIGHT MAYBE THERE 6885 05:25:23,240 --> 05:25:28,280 WERE STATISTIC OF ALL CLOSE TO 6886 05:25:28,280 --> 05:25:28,760 80 PERCENT SAY THE JOB 6887 05:25:28,760 --> 05:25:32,560 PROSPECTS ARE SOMEWHAT WORSE 6888 05:25:32,560 --> 05:25:35,640 OR MUCH WORSE THAN PREVIOUS 6889 05:25:35,640 --> 05:25:37,120 GENERATIONS. 6890 05:25:37,120 --> 05:25:40,480 SO THAT SOUNDS PRETTY DISMAL. 6891 05:25:40,480 --> 05:25:45,920 IS A GRADUATE STUDENTS WE 6892 05:25:45,920 --> 05:25:50,880 REALLY NEED TO DO AGAIN BUT 6893 05:25:50,880 --> 05:25:54,200 HERE WE ARE LOOKING AT 6894 05:25:54,200 --> 05:25:57,080 GRADUATE STUDENTS SOME 6895 05:25:57,080 --> 05:26:00,240 FINANCIAL PRESSURES THAT THEY 6896 05:26:00,240 --> 05:26:07,600 FEEL IS FROM THE 2022 SURVEY 6897 05:26:07,600 --> 05:26:10,480 IT'S HARD TO FOCUS ON WRITING 6898 05:26:10,480 --> 05:26:12,760 PAPERS WHEN YOU DON'T KNOW IF 6899 05:26:12,760 --> 05:26:18,080 YOU HAVE ENOUGH MONEY FOR FOOD 6900 05:26:18,080 --> 05:26:18,680 AND FINANCIAL DISTRESS IS IN A 6901 05:26:18,680 --> 05:26:22,160 RIGHT OF PASSAGE IT CAN BE AN 6902 05:26:22,160 --> 05:26:29,120 EXISTENTIAL THREAT. 6903 05:26:29,120 --> 05:26:32,160 SO THAT DOES SOUND PRETTY 6904 05:26:32,160 --> 05:26:34,120 DISMAL SO NOW MOVING TO THE 6905 05:26:34,120 --> 05:26:36,880 GRADUATE STUDENT TRAINING 6906 05:26:36,880 --> 05:26:40,880 SURVEY FROM THE CAREER FEATURE 6907 05:26:40,880 --> 05:26:45,480 FROM ANOTHER SURVEY PHD AND 6908 05:26:45,480 --> 05:26:47,480 MASTER STUDENTS STRUGGLE WITH 6909 05:26:47,480 --> 05:26:49,480 WORK LIFE BALANCE 6910 05:26:49,480 --> 05:26:52,680 COST-OF-LIVING AND MENTAL 6911 05:26:52,680 --> 05:27:00,240 HEALTH SO AT THE TOP LEFT WHAT 6912 05:27:00,240 --> 05:27:00,760 ARE YOUR CONCERNS AND YOU 6913 05:27:00,760 --> 05:27:01,320 STARTED A GRADUATE WORK TO 6914 05:27:01,320 --> 05:27:10,840 MAINTAIN A WORKLIFE BALANCE? 6915 05:27:10,840 --> 05:27:11,880 UNCERTAINTY ABOUT FUTURE 6916 05:27:11,880 --> 05:27:15,760 EMPLOYMENT 65 PERCENT AND AS A 6917 05:27:15,760 --> 05:27:16,680 RESULT OF UNDERTAKING A 6918 05:27:16,680 --> 05:27:21,480 GRADUATE DEGREE 57 PERCENT 6919 05:27:21,480 --> 05:27:22,080 INABILITY TO FINISH STUDIES IN 6920 05:27:22,080 --> 05:27:27,680 THE TIME PERIOD I SET OUT 6921 05:27:27,680 --> 05:27:29,800 51 PERCENT. 6922 05:27:29,800 --> 05:27:30,320 HOW SATISFIED ARE YOU WITH 6923 05:27:30,320 --> 05:27:34,280 YOUR EXPERIENCE IN SPITE OF 6924 05:27:34,280 --> 05:27:42,320 ALL THAT GOOD NEWS HOW 6925 05:27:42,320 --> 05:27:48,680 SATISFIED WITH THE EXPERIENCE 6926 05:27:48,680 --> 05:27:54,040 HOW MANY HOURS DO YOU WORK 6927 05:27:54,040 --> 05:27:58,880 SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 40 AND 60 6928 05:27:58,880 --> 05:28:04,120 HOURS WHAT IS THE MOST 6929 05:28:04,120 --> 05:28:04,640 DIFFICULT FOR A GRADUATE 6930 05:28:04,640 --> 05:28:07,000 STUDENT IN THE COUNTRY YOU ARE 6931 05:28:07,000 --> 05:28:09,880 STUDYING? 6932 05:28:09,880 --> 05:28:13,280 AND 57 REPORT COST OF LIVING 6933 05:28:13,280 --> 05:28:14,400 AND WITH THE WORKLIFE BALANCE 6934 05:28:14,400 --> 05:28:21,520 AND LACK OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING 6935 05:28:21,520 --> 05:28:22,120 AND THEN BOTTOM RIGHT GETTING 6936 05:28:22,120 --> 05:28:22,720 INTO MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES HOW 6937 05:28:22,720 --> 05:28:26,040 MANY RECEIVED HELP FOR ANXIETY 6938 05:28:26,040 --> 05:28:32,200 OR DEPRESSION THAT HAVE NOT 6939 05:28:32,200 --> 05:28:38,400 YET GOTTEN IT 40 PERCENT AT 6940 05:28:38,400 --> 05:28:41,480 MASTERS LEVEL AND 50 PERCENT 6941 05:28:41,480 --> 05:28:51,560 FOR A PHD THAT'S PRETTY HIGH. 6942 05:28:51,560 --> 05:28:52,160 SO FOR INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE 6943 05:28:52,160 --> 05:28:53,600 STUDENTS WHAT ARE THEY 6944 05:28:53,600 --> 05:28:57,040 EXPERIENCING? 6945 05:28:57,040 --> 05:29:01,080 THEY REPORT FINANCIAL 6946 05:29:01,080 --> 05:29:02,400 STRUGGLES SO THE SURVEY 6947 05:29:02,400 --> 05:29:06,200 STARTED WITH ARE YOU STUDYING 6948 05:29:06,200 --> 05:29:06,720 IN THE COUNTRY YOU GREW UP 6949 05:29:06,720 --> 05:29:07,280 IN? 6950 05:29:07,280 --> 05:29:13,080 AND OVERALL IT IS YES 6951 05:29:13,080 --> 05:29:17,920 71 PERCENT AND THEN YOU CAN 6952 05:29:17,920 --> 05:29:18,480 SEE THE BREAKDOWN UNDERNEATH 6953 05:29:18,480 --> 05:29:18,680 THAT. 6954 05:29:18,680 --> 05:29:21,040 SO WHAT PROMPTED YOU TO STUDY 6955 05:29:21,040 --> 05:29:23,080 OUTSIDE YOUR COUNTRY OF 6956 05:29:23,080 --> 05:29:28,320 UPBRINGING MORE JOB 6957 05:29:28,320 --> 05:29:37,160 OPPORTUNITIES SO HAVE YOU 6958 05:29:37,160 --> 05:29:39,040 EXPERIENCED DISCRIMINATION OR 6959 05:29:39,040 --> 05:29:43,880 HARASSMENT THESE NUMBERS ARE 6960 05:29:43,880 --> 05:29:46,720 HIGH INTERNATIONAL 26 PERCENT 6961 05:29:46,720 --> 05:29:51,400 DOMESTIC STUDENT 17 PERCENT. 6962 05:29:51,400 --> 05:29:51,800 IF YOU EXPERIENCED 6963 05:29:51,800 --> 05:30:00,120 DISCRIMINATION OR HARASSMENT 6964 05:30:00,120 --> 05:30:00,680 AND GENDER DISCRIMINATION IS 6965 05:30:00,680 --> 05:30:07,120 BEHIND THAT. 6966 05:30:07,120 --> 05:30:07,720 SO IN SPITE OF ALL OF THIS THE 6967 05:30:07,720 --> 05:30:12,160 MAJORITY OF STUDENTS REPORTED 6968 05:30:12,160 --> 05:30:14,720 SATISFACTION WITH THEIR 6969 05:30:14,720 --> 05:30:16,280 EXPERIENCE THIS IS OVERALL 6970 05:30:16,280 --> 05:30:19,480 INTERNATIONAL NUMBERS REPORTED 6971 05:30:19,480 --> 05:30:22,480 INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AND 6972 05:30:22,480 --> 05:30:26,120 DOMESTIC NECESSITY 5 PERCENT 6973 05:30:26,120 --> 05:30:30,120 OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AND 6974 05:30:30,120 --> 05:30:32,520 DOMESTICALLY 61 PERCENT 6975 05:30:32,520 --> 05:30:39,720 SATISFIED THAT IS GREAT. 6976 05:30:39,720 --> 05:30:43,880 SO THE CHARGE TO THE WORKING 6977 05:30:43,880 --> 05:30:46,280 GROUP TO EVALUATE THE EVIDENCE 6978 05:30:46,280 --> 05:30:53,280 OF THE PERCEIVED SHORTAGE I 6979 05:30:53,280 --> 05:30:56,080 THINK WE REALLY NEED TO 6980 05:30:56,080 --> 05:31:01,640 EVALUATE THE EVIDENCE WE CAN 6981 05:31:01,640 --> 05:31:02,240 SEE THERE IS POSITIVE AND SOME 6982 05:31:02,240 --> 05:31:05,520 NEGATIVE EVIDENCE THAT THERE 6983 05:31:05,520 --> 05:31:13,520 IS A TREND TOWARD A SHORTAGE 6984 05:31:13,520 --> 05:31:14,080 AND WITH THE PERSISTENCE OF 6985 05:31:14,080 --> 05:31:16,600 THE ISSUE TO REVIEW AND 6986 05:31:16,600 --> 05:31:18,120 COMPARE OTHER APPROACHES SO 6987 05:31:18,120 --> 05:31:20,800 HERE WE ARE TALKING ABOUT 6988 05:31:20,800 --> 05:31:23,720 CONSIDERING THE STRUCTURAL 6989 05:31:23,720 --> 05:31:25,280 CHANGES THE WAY POSTDOC 6990 05:31:25,280 --> 05:31:29,720 TRAINING IS SET UP WITH 6991 05:31:29,720 --> 05:31:33,280 ANOTHER TIER OF TRAINING FOR 6992 05:31:33,280 --> 05:31:36,880 POSTDOC IN CONSIDER WAYS TO 6993 05:31:36,880 --> 05:31:39,040 SUPPORT THE WORKLIFE BALANCE 6994 05:31:39,040 --> 05:31:45,560 TO INCREASE RETENTION AND WE 6995 05:31:45,560 --> 05:31:46,160 WANT TO ENGAGE IN INTERNAL AND 6996 05:31:46,160 --> 05:31:50,160 EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS THERE IS 6997 05:31:50,160 --> 05:31:50,760 A LOT OF PEOPLE INTERESTED IN 6998 05:31:50,760 --> 05:31:55,080 THIS ISSUE NATIONWIDE AND 6999 05:31:55,080 --> 05:31:55,920 WORLDWIDE. 7000 05:31:55,920 --> 05:32:00,880 SO PROPOSED ACTIVITIES EARLY 7001 05:32:00,880 --> 05:32:03,920 2023 WE WILL GATHER COMMUNITY 7002 05:32:03,920 --> 05:32:07,680 FEEDBACK WITH A LISTENING 7003 05:32:07,680 --> 05:32:08,240 SESSIONS AND CONSULT EXPERTS 7004 05:32:08,240 --> 05:32:13,280 AND ECONOMISTS AND WHAT 7005 05:32:13,280 --> 05:32:18,080 HAPPENS IF WE ALTER THE 7006 05:32:18,080 --> 05:32:19,840 SALARIES AND HOW DO WE TACKLE 7007 05:32:19,840 --> 05:32:25,120 THIS ISSUE? 7008 05:32:25,120 --> 05:32:25,680 YOU WANT TO TALK TO HAD TO 7009 05:32:25,680 --> 05:32:27,320 GRADUATE STUDENTS AND I HAVE 7010 05:32:27,320 --> 05:32:30,280 DONE QUITE A BIT OF THAT AND 7011 05:32:30,280 --> 05:32:36,280 IT IS VERY CLEAR FOR GRADUATE 7012 05:32:36,280 --> 05:32:36,880 STUDENTS THERE IS A BIG SHIFT 7013 05:32:36,880 --> 05:32:38,880 AT UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 7014 05:32:38,880 --> 05:32:56,000 AND REPORTING AND WITH THOSE 7015 05:32:56,000 --> 05:32:58,880 STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS AND THEN 7016 05:32:58,880 --> 05:33:03,280 REVIEWABLE DATA AS MENTIONED 7017 05:33:03,280 --> 05:33:07,480 THIS UPDATE TO JOIN THE 7018 05:33:07,480 --> 05:33:09,320 SURVEYS IS EXPECTED IN 7019 05:33:09,320 --> 05:33:13,560 DECEMBER 2022 MANY ARE 7020 05:33:13,560 --> 05:33:17,880 CONDUCTING POLLS WITH THOSE 7021 05:33:17,880 --> 05:33:20,560 PUBLISHED STUDIES FROM THE 7022 05:33:20,560 --> 05:33:23,480 NATURE WE HAVE BEEN LOOKING 7023 05:33:23,480 --> 05:33:31,600 AT. 7024 05:33:31,600 --> 05:33:38,680 >> SO SHE AND HER TEAM HAVE 7025 05:33:38,680 --> 05:33:39,320 BEEN GATHERING THE DATA 7026 05:33:39,320 --> 05:33:44,680 HELPING TO SET UP THE WORKING 7027 05:33:44,680 --> 05:33:50,080 GROUP. 7028 05:33:50,080 --> 05:33:50,600 >> WE HAD BEEN INCREDIBLY 7029 05:33:50,600 --> 05:33:53,080 FORTUNATE TO HAVE A TREMENDOUS 7030 05:33:53,080 --> 05:33:56,040 AMOUNT IN THIS GROUP WE ARE 7031 05:33:56,040 --> 05:33:56,640 LUCKY TO HAVE STRONGER MEMBERS 7032 05:33:56,640 --> 05:34:00,280 OF VARIOUS BACKGROUNDS THAT 7033 05:34:00,280 --> 05:34:00,880 HAVE AGREED TO PARTICIPATE AND 7034 05:34:00,880 --> 05:34:03,960 YOU CAN SEE ALL OF THEM HERE. 7035 05:34:03,960 --> 05:34:06,600 THE WORKING GROUP INCLUDES A 7036 05:34:06,600 --> 05:34:08,600 VARIETY OF DIFFERENT PEOPLE 7037 05:34:08,600 --> 05:34:12,080 AND DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE WE 7038 05:34:12,080 --> 05:34:12,600 HAVE MEMBERS WHO ARE GRAD 7039 05:34:12,600 --> 05:34:17,080 STUDENTS AND POSTDOC EARLY 7040 05:34:17,080 --> 05:34:22,800 CAREER AND ECONOMIST WITH THE 7041 05:34:22,800 --> 05:34:23,640 POSTDOC ASSOCIATION AS WELL AS 7042 05:34:23,640 --> 05:34:26,680 MEMBERS OF VARIOUS 7043 05:34:26,680 --> 05:34:34,160 ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDING AAU 7044 05:34:34,160 --> 05:34:35,240 AND WE HAVE A REPRESENTATIVE 7045 05:34:35,240 --> 05:34:37,920 FROM INDUSTRY AND NIH. 7046 05:34:37,920 --> 05:34:43,120 WE ARE EXCITED TO HAVE TO 7047 05:34:43,120 --> 05:34:47,160 MEMBERS WHO AGREED TO JOIN 7048 05:34:47,160 --> 05:34:49,160 THOSE E-MAILED ME IN NOVEMBER 7049 05:34:49,160 --> 05:34:52,320 EVEN BEFORE WE FINISHED THE 7050 05:34:52,320 --> 05:34:54,360 PRESENTATION AND SAID WE ARE 7051 05:34:54,360 --> 05:35:07,160 INTERESTED AND THEY ARE 7052 05:35:07,160 --> 05:35:07,720 JOINING US FOR THIS EFFORT. 7053 05:35:07,720 --> 05:35:10,160 WE ALSO HEARD FROM ALL OF YOU 7054 05:35:10,160 --> 05:35:14,880 FOR THOSE INDIVIDUALS TO LOOK 7055 05:35:14,880 --> 05:35:15,400 AT THAT PERSPECTIVE WITH 7056 05:35:15,400 --> 05:35:20,840 MEMBERS OF THE GROUP WHO CAN 7057 05:35:20,840 --> 05:35:21,440 BRING THAT PERSPECTIVE WE DID 7058 05:35:21,440 --> 05:35:22,880 REACH OUT TO ONE ORGANIZATION 7059 05:35:22,880 --> 05:35:23,960 SPECIFICALLY AND ARE STILL 7060 05:35:23,960 --> 05:35:25,800 WORKING TO GET A 7061 05:35:25,800 --> 05:35:29,680 REPRESENTATIVE. 7062 05:35:29,680 --> 05:35:30,280 BUT AS SHELLEY MENTIONED WE DO 7063 05:35:30,280 --> 05:35:33,720 INTEND TO HAVE EXPERTS COME 7064 05:35:33,720 --> 05:35:34,720 TALK TO THE GROUP ON THE AD 7065 05:35:34,720 --> 05:35:39,120 HOC BASIS SO THEY CAN CONSULT 7066 05:35:39,120 --> 05:35:42,160 TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL INSIGHT 7067 05:35:42,160 --> 05:35:42,720 AND OF COURSE WE WILL GET A 7068 05:35:42,720 --> 05:35:49,680 LOT OF FEEDBACK TO THE 7069 05:35:49,680 --> 05:35:52,560 LISTENING SESSIONS AND OTHER 7070 05:35:52,560 --> 05:35:56,600 MECHANISMS. 7071 05:35:56,600 --> 05:35:57,160 SEVERE OFF TO A REALLY GREAT 7072 05:35:57,160 --> 05:35:58,440 START PRESENTING THIS CONCEPT 7073 05:35:58,440 --> 05:36:03,200 LAST MONTH AND INVITED THE 7074 05:36:03,200 --> 05:36:03,760 WORKING GROUP MEMBERS OF THE 7075 05:36:03,760 --> 05:36:08,520 LAST FEW WEEKS COMMITTED AND 7076 05:36:08,520 --> 05:36:16,400 ON BOARD AND THEN ONCE WE HAVE 7077 05:36:16,400 --> 05:36:18,480 THE MEANING KICKING OFF THE 7078 05:36:18,480 --> 05:36:21,520 GROUP THAT ALLOWS US TO GO 7079 05:36:21,520 --> 05:36:26,040 FORTH THEN THE HARD WORK WILL 7080 05:36:26,040 --> 05:36:30,840 BEGIN. 7081 05:36:30,840 --> 05:36:31,360 WE WENT TO ENSURE WE HAVE 7082 05:36:31,360 --> 05:36:34,560 HEARD FROM VOICES THAT WILL BE 7083 05:36:34,560 --> 05:36:37,440 IMPACTED BY THE CURRENT 7084 05:36:37,440 --> 05:36:39,480 SITUATION THAT'S REFLECTED IN 7085 05:36:39,480 --> 05:36:45,840 ANY DRAFT RECOMMENDATIONS SO 7086 05:36:45,840 --> 05:36:48,840 TRYING TO ENGAGE WITH THE 7087 05:36:48,840 --> 05:36:51,840 COMMUNITY BETWEEN DECEMBER AND 7088 05:36:51,840 --> 05:36:55,880 THE NEXT ACD MEETING IN JUNE 7089 05:36:55,880 --> 05:36:56,440 AND AT THAT POINT WE HOPE TO 7090 05:36:56,440 --> 05:36:58,080 HAVE SOME DRAFT 7091 05:36:58,080 --> 05:37:04,280 RECOMMENDATIONS AND GET YOUR 7092 05:37:04,280 --> 05:37:10,320 REACTION AND WORK THROUGH THEM 7093 05:37:10,320 --> 05:37:10,840 TO PUT TOGETHER A FINAL 7094 05:37:10,840 --> 05:37:11,400 RECOMMENDATION BY THIS TIME 7095 05:37:11,400 --> 05:37:19,560 NEXT YEAR. 7096 05:37:19,560 --> 05:37:20,560 SPENT THANK YOU FOR ENGAGING 7097 05:37:20,560 --> 05:37:25,240 IN THIS CONVERSATION FROM 7098 05:37:25,240 --> 05:37:29,920 OTHERS IN THE COMMUNITY AND WE 7099 05:37:29,920 --> 05:37:36,080 REALLY WELCOME THE FEEDBACK. 7100 05:37:36,080 --> 05:37:36,680 >> I JUST WANT TO SAY PART OF 7101 05:37:36,680 --> 05:37:40,960 THE INSPIRATION FROM THE EARLY 7102 05:37:40,960 --> 05:37:41,560 STAGE INVESTIGATOR INITIATIVE 7103 05:37:41,560 --> 05:37:45,680 WHICH I THINK IS A GREAT 7104 05:37:45,680 --> 05:37:46,240 EXAMPLE OF HOW A HUGE IMPACT 7105 05:37:46,240 --> 05:37:55,200 CAN BE MADE TO THAT EFFORT I'M 7106 05:37:55,200 --> 05:37:56,200 OPTIMISTIC THAT WE NEED 7107 05:37:56,200 --> 05:38:00,600 CREATIVE IDEAS I'M EXCITED 7108 05:38:00,600 --> 05:38:01,480 ABOUT THE RANGE VOICES ON THE 7109 05:38:01,480 --> 05:38:08,560 WORKING GROUP TO BRING IDEAS. 7110 05:38:08,560 --> 05:38:10,480 >> WE WILL DO OUR BEST WITH 7111 05:38:10,480 --> 05:38:14,800 THE PREVIOUS DISCUSSION AND 7112 05:38:14,800 --> 05:38:23,880 TRY TO GET SPECIFIC. 7113 05:38:23,880 --> 05:38:27,960 >> AND ALSO REACHING OUT TO 7114 05:38:27,960 --> 05:38:31,280 THE NATIONAL ACADEMY AT THEIR 7115 05:38:31,280 --> 05:38:32,160 RECENT MEETING THIS WAS A HOT 7116 05:38:32,160 --> 05:38:36,320 TOPIC AND ACROSS THE NATION 7117 05:38:36,320 --> 05:38:38,880 REFLECTIVE OF THIS DISTRESS 7118 05:38:38,880 --> 05:38:45,880 WITH UNIONIZATION ATTEMPTS SO 7119 05:38:45,880 --> 05:38:48,080 CLEARLY WE NEED TO BE THINKING 7120 05:38:48,080 --> 05:38:50,800 ABOUT MAKING THIS BETTER JOB 7121 05:38:50,800 --> 05:38:51,080 FOR PEOPLE. 7122 05:38:51,080 --> 05:38:53,840 >> WITH RESPECT TO THE 7123 05:38:53,840 --> 05:38:56,600 ACADEMIES WE TALKED ABOUT THIS 7124 05:38:56,600 --> 05:38:59,680 COUPLE OF TIMES EVEN AS 7125 05:38:59,680 --> 05:39:08,000 RECENTLY AS LAST NIGHT. 7126 05:39:08,000 --> 05:39:09,080 BECAUSE AS YOU SAID THEY HAVE 7127 05:39:09,080 --> 05:39:19,320 A GROUP. 7128 05:39:19,320 --> 05:39:25,320 >> . 7129 05:39:25,320 --> 05:39:32,880 >> SO I HEARD ABOUT THIS 7130 05:39:32,880 --> 05:39:33,640 MEETING IN THE WORKING GROUP 7131 05:39:33,640 --> 05:39:36,400 AND THOUGHT THIS IS RIGHT UP 7132 05:39:36,400 --> 05:39:41,480 MY ALLEY I WAS ON THE NEXT 7133 05:39:41,480 --> 05:39:46,760 GENERATION. 7134 05:39:46,760 --> 05:39:50,040 SO WE HAVE ACTUALLY THOUGHT 7135 05:39:50,040 --> 05:39:53,480 ABOUT THIS ISSUE AND IN 7136 05:39:53,480 --> 05:39:54,040 ADDITION HOW IT INTERFACES 7137 05:39:54,040 --> 05:39:59,040 WITH THE GRADUATE STUDENTS AND 7138 05:39:59,040 --> 05:39:59,200 ESI. 7139 05:39:59,200 --> 05:40:04,280 IT IS GOOD WE ARE FOCUSING ON 7140 05:40:04,280 --> 05:40:09,200 POSTDOC BUT I WONDER WHETHER 7141 05:40:09,200 --> 05:40:17,400 OR NOT WE BROUGHT IN THAT WHAT 7142 05:40:17,400 --> 05:40:17,880 ARE THE DIFFERENT CAREER 7143 05:40:17,880 --> 05:40:18,480 OPTIONS FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 7144 05:40:18,480 --> 05:40:26,480 WHEN THEY LEAVE PHD? 7145 05:40:26,480 --> 05:40:28,480 STAFF SCIENTIST IS ANOTHER 7146 05:40:28,480 --> 05:40:31,680 POSSIBILITY THERE BE DIFFERENT 7147 05:40:31,680 --> 05:40:34,480 TRACKS IF YOU GO TO POSTDOC 7148 05:40:34,480 --> 05:40:36,320 FOR TWO YEARS IN PREPARATION 7149 05:40:36,320 --> 05:40:39,000 SO THINGS WE HAVE NOT THOUGHT 7150 05:40:39,000 --> 05:40:48,480 ABOUT AND ARE NOT ARTICULATED 7151 05:40:48,480 --> 05:40:48,960 IN A WAY THAT GRADUATE 7152 05:40:48,960 --> 05:40:49,560 STUDENTS CAN HEAR THEM AND IF 7153 05:40:49,560 --> 05:40:50,120 WE CAN ARTICULATE DIFFERENT 7154 05:40:50,120 --> 05:40:51,720 TRACKS IT MAY HELP THEM SEE 7155 05:40:51,720 --> 05:40:55,320 THIS IS A PATH THEY CAN FOLLOW 7156 05:40:55,320 --> 05:41:01,400 RATHER THAN POSTDOC OPEN ENDED 7157 05:41:01,400 --> 05:41:02,320 WHO KNOWS WHAT I WILL HAND ON 7158 05:41:02,320 --> 05:41:08,200 -- END UP. 7159 05:41:08,200 --> 05:41:08,800 I'M HOPING WE CAN BE THINKING 7160 05:41:08,800 --> 05:41:10,480 BROADLY ABOUT DIFFERENT TRACKS 7161 05:41:10,480 --> 05:41:16,600 THE GRADUATE STUDENTS CAN GO 7162 05:41:16,600 --> 05:41:21,000 WIN. 7163 05:41:21,000 --> 05:41:24,040 SO HOPEFULLY IN GRADUATE 7164 05:41:24,040 --> 05:41:26,000 SCHOOL THAT PASSION IS 7165 05:41:26,000 --> 05:41:26,800 NURTURED AND WILL CONTINUE 7166 05:41:26,800 --> 05:41:34,120 FOLLOWING IT AND FOLLOW IT IN 7167 05:41:34,120 --> 05:41:34,720 A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT WAYS BUT 7168 05:41:34,720 --> 05:41:38,960 STILL FOLLOW THAT PASSION AND 7169 05:41:38,960 --> 05:41:41,880 WHERE IT WILL BE? 7170 05:41:41,880 --> 05:41:43,040 IT'S AN EXCITING TIME TO THINK 7171 05:41:43,040 --> 05:41:46,320 ABOUT THE DIFFERENT PATH FOR 7172 05:41:46,320 --> 05:41:49,480 THE CLASSIC POSTDOC RULE PATH 7173 05:41:49,480 --> 05:41:52,200 IS BROKEN RIGHT NOW. 7174 05:41:52,200 --> 05:41:56,560 WE COULD REPLACE IT THAT'S 7175 05:41:56,560 --> 05:41:59,480 CALLED POSTDOC BUT HAS MORE 7176 05:41:59,480 --> 05:42:04,520 STRUCTURE AND THAT MIGHT BE A 7177 05:42:04,520 --> 05:42:06,640 WAY TO HELP THE WHOLE 7178 05:42:06,640 --> 05:42:12,120 ENTERPRISE. 7179 05:42:12,120 --> 05:42:13,720 >> I TOTALLY AGREE WITH THAT 7180 05:42:13,720 --> 05:42:17,880 WE NEED TO LOOK AT THOSE 7181 05:42:17,880 --> 05:42:23,880 CHANGES IN THE WAY NIH IS 7182 05:42:23,880 --> 05:42:31,080 FEELING POSTDOC TRAINING AND 7183 05:42:31,080 --> 05:42:39,480 AND THAT IS THE UMBRELLA TERM 7184 05:42:39,480 --> 05:42:40,080 A LOT OF THE READING I HAVE 7185 05:42:40,080 --> 05:42:40,640 DONE JUST TO DEFINE WHAT THE 7186 05:42:40,640 --> 05:42:44,880 POSTDOC IS IS A CHALLENGE. 7187 05:42:44,880 --> 05:42:45,480 SO WE HAVE TO START WITH THAT 7188 05:42:45,480 --> 05:42:46,080 AND THINK ABOUT HOW TO DEFINE 7189 05:42:46,080 --> 05:42:47,560 THE POSTDOC. 7190 05:42:47,560 --> 05:42:50,560 IT DOES ENCOMPASS THE CATEGORY 7191 05:42:50,560 --> 05:42:55,600 BUT THE QUESTION IS CAN WE 7192 05:42:55,600 --> 05:43:04,600 FIND A WAY TO THINK OF A 7193 05:43:04,600 --> 05:43:05,120 FUNDING CATEGORY AFTER THE 7194 05:43:05,120 --> 05:43:05,720 TRADITIONAL POSTDOC AS WE 7195 05:43:05,720 --> 05:43:14,480 THINK OF IT NOW TO FIND A WAY 7196 05:43:14,480 --> 05:43:17,800 TO MAYBE APPROACH OR TO DEFINE 7197 05:43:17,800 --> 05:43:23,680 OR FIND A WAY TO EXTEND A 7198 05:43:23,680 --> 05:43:27,080 FUNDING MECHANISM FOR IT. 7199 05:43:27,080 --> 05:43:28,080 AND MORE STATUS IN THE 7200 05:43:28,080 --> 05:43:31,560 ACADEMIC COMMUNITY THESE ARE 7201 05:43:31,560 --> 05:43:32,480 THE CONSIDERATIONS WE NEED TO 7202 05:43:32,480 --> 05:43:38,560 LOOK AT. 7203 05:43:38,560 --> 05:43:46,200 >> I THINK YOU COVERED IT WELL 7204 05:43:46,200 --> 05:43:46,800 GOING TO A COUPLE OF DIFFERENT 7205 05:43:46,800 --> 05:43:51,840 LENSES HOW WE CAN SUPPLEMENT 7206 05:43:51,840 --> 05:43:55,240 AND SUPPLANT AND DO THE MENTAL 7207 05:43:55,240 --> 05:43:57,600 PART EXERCISE AND WHAT THAT 7208 05:43:57,600 --> 05:44:04,440 WOULD MEAN AND THEN 7209 05:44:04,440 --> 05:44:05,040 CONSIDERING THE COUPLE OF PATH 7210 05:44:05,040 --> 05:44:08,160 THAT WE HAVE WITHIN THE 7211 05:44:08,160 --> 05:44:16,560 CONTEXT OF NIH WHAT CAN NIH DO 7212 05:44:16,560 --> 05:44:17,120 FROM POLICIES OR PROCESS OR 7213 05:44:17,120 --> 05:44:20,600 ACTION AND WHAT CAN IT DO 7214 05:44:20,600 --> 05:44:21,160 BECAUSE OBVIOUSLY WE DO NOT 7215 05:44:21,160 --> 05:44:23,120 CONTROL THE WHOLE SECTOR THAT 7216 05:44:23,120 --> 05:44:24,840 WE CAN HAVE A LARGE INFLUENCE 7217 05:44:24,840 --> 05:44:37,400 ON THE ECOSYSTEM. 7218 05:44:37,400 --> 05:44:40,480 >> THIS IS A TIMELY TOPIC I'M 7219 05:44:40,480 --> 05:44:43,440 GLAD FOR TAKING THIS ON THE 7220 05:44:43,440 --> 05:44:48,560 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ALL 7221 05:44:48,560 --> 05:44:49,080 TEN CAMPUSES THE POSTDOC 7222 05:44:49,080 --> 05:44:49,640 STUDENTS ARE ON STRIKE OVER 7223 05:44:49,640 --> 05:44:52,960 THESE EXACT ISSUES SO THIS 7224 05:44:52,960 --> 05:44:53,480 BRINGS UP SEVERAL POINTS. 7225 05:44:53,480 --> 05:44:58,840 FIRST I THAT THE COMMITTEE 7226 05:44:58,840 --> 05:45:08,680 WITH THE SYSTEMIC IMPACT 7227 05:45:08,680 --> 05:45:09,280 BECAUSE IF THE GRANTS STAY THE 7228 05:45:09,280 --> 05:45:10,080 SAME SIZE AND POSTDOC SALARIES 7229 05:45:10,080 --> 05:45:12,800 GO UP AND THERE ARE FEWER 7230 05:45:12,800 --> 05:45:16,440 AVAILABLE THAN THAT OF THAT'S 7231 05:45:16,440 --> 05:45:22,480 A NET POSITIVE OR NOT IF IT 7232 05:45:22,480 --> 05:45:23,080 DOESN'T KEEP UP WITH THAT AND 7233 05:45:23,080 --> 05:45:26,080 HAS TO GO DOWN SO THEN THE PAY 7234 05:45:26,080 --> 05:45:29,000 LINES ARE AFFECTED THE SECOND 7235 05:45:29,000 --> 05:45:36,400 COMMENT RELATES IF IT GOES TO 7236 05:45:36,400 --> 05:45:39,680 POSTDOC EQUALLY OR WITH 7237 05:45:39,680 --> 05:45:41,560 EXPERIENCE THOSE WITH A 7238 05:45:41,560 --> 05:45:45,880 CERTAIN SKILL SET THERE IS 7239 05:45:45,880 --> 05:45:52,040 INTENSE INDUSTRY DEMAND IF 7240 05:45:52,040 --> 05:45:54,080 ANYBODY WALKS AROUND WITH THAT 7241 05:45:54,080 --> 05:45:57,120 EXPERTISE WITH THAT STANFORD 7242 05:45:57,120 --> 05:46:00,880 MONIKER THEY CAN GET COACHED 7243 05:46:00,880 --> 05:46:01,400 AND HAVING FLEXIBILITY OF 7244 05:46:01,400 --> 05:46:10,280 DIFFERENT PAY SCALES. 7245 05:46:10,280 --> 05:46:13,360 >> WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT THAT A 7246 05:46:13,360 --> 05:46:16,880 LOT. 7247 05:46:16,880 --> 05:46:17,480 SO WHEN YOU MAKE CHANGES THAT 7248 05:46:17,480 --> 05:46:25,320 MEANS THERE ARE CONSEQUENCES. 7249 05:46:25,320 --> 05:46:25,880 SO ONE OF THE THINGS WE HAVE 7250 05:46:25,880 --> 05:46:26,480 TO CONSIDER IS WHAT ARE THE 7251 05:46:26,480 --> 05:46:33,960 OTHER INCENTIVES -- INCENTIVES 7252 05:46:33,960 --> 05:46:35,040 THAT IS MORE THAN JUST A 7253 05:46:35,040 --> 05:46:38,240 SALARY INCREASE TO HAVE A BIG 7254 05:46:38,240 --> 05:46:39,720 IMPACT AS WELL? 7255 05:46:39,720 --> 05:46:41,880 SO WORKING AT THIS THERE ARE A 7256 05:46:41,880 --> 05:46:48,680 LOT OF ANGLES. 7257 05:46:48,680 --> 05:46:54,200 >> I'M HOPING FOR SOME 7258 05:46:54,200 --> 05:46:54,920 CREATIVE IDEAS HOW TO BRING 7259 05:46:54,920 --> 05:47:00,000 ADDITIONAL MONEY INTO PLAY MY 7260 05:47:00,000 --> 05:47:02,600 PERSONAL BIAS I'M NOT SPEAKING 7261 05:47:02,600 --> 05:47:06,560 FOR NIH. 7262 05:47:06,560 --> 05:47:12,080 WE ARE THE TRAINING GROUND FOR 7263 05:47:12,080 --> 05:47:19,240 INDUSTRY FOR NIH FUNDED LABS 7264 05:47:19,240 --> 05:47:19,800 WE PROVIDE A STRONG TRAINING 7265 05:47:19,800 --> 05:47:24,360 FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS. 7266 05:47:24,360 --> 05:47:27,400 WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN 7267 05:47:27,400 --> 05:47:29,960 THAT. 7268 05:47:29,960 --> 05:47:32,400 AND INDUSTRY IF WE APPROACH IT 7269 05:47:32,400 --> 05:47:36,680 THE RIGHT WAY IN ACCORDANCE 7270 05:47:36,680 --> 05:47:37,240 WITH ALL THE LEGISLATION AND 7271 05:47:37,240 --> 05:47:46,720 THE MANDATE THAT NIH AND 7272 05:47:46,720 --> 05:47:47,280 APPEAL TO THE IDEA WE CAN 7273 05:47:47,280 --> 05:47:50,080 ENHANCE TRAINING FURTHER BY 7274 05:47:50,080 --> 05:47:55,080 KEEPING STUDENTS IN POSTDOC 7275 05:47:55,080 --> 05:47:58,120 LONGER AND NOT SELECTING FOR 7276 05:47:58,120 --> 05:48:00,760 EVERYONE WITH THE BIOMEDICAL 7277 05:48:00,760 --> 05:48:07,040 HEALTH AND INNOVATION SO I 7278 05:48:07,040 --> 05:48:10,600 WOULD LIKE TO TRY TO THINK OF 7279 05:48:10,600 --> 05:48:17,280 SOME CLEVER AND CREATIVE WAYS 7280 05:48:17,280 --> 05:48:17,880 WITH THE FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF 7281 05:48:17,880 --> 05:48:18,480 THE PROBLEM WHICH I THINK ARE 7282 05:48:18,480 --> 05:48:20,160 A MAJOR SOURCE OF ANXIETY FOR 7283 05:48:20,160 --> 05:48:23,120 GRADUATE STUDENTS AND POSTDOC. 7284 05:48:23,120 --> 05:48:27,720 >> AND NOW YOUR SECOND 7285 05:48:27,720 --> 05:48:28,480 QUESTION ON THE DEFERENTIAL 7286 05:48:28,480 --> 05:48:35,920 PAY SCALE. 7287 05:48:35,920 --> 05:48:37,240 SO FIRST I DON'T KNOW THE 7288 05:48:37,240 --> 05:48:41,040 DEGREES OF FREEDOM ARE BUT I 7289 05:48:41,040 --> 05:48:43,080 THINK THERE ARE SOME PRACTICAL 7290 05:48:43,080 --> 05:48:49,280 IMPLICATIONS BUT THEN I WANT 7291 05:48:49,280 --> 05:48:51,880 TO MAKE SURE TO EMPHASIZE YOU 7292 05:48:51,880 --> 05:48:56,680 HAVE THOSE DISCUSSIONS IN THE 7293 05:48:56,680 --> 05:49:01,880 CONTEXT OF ENSURING EQUITY 7294 05:49:01,880 --> 05:49:04,680 CONSIDERED SO BY TRYING TO 7295 05:49:04,680 --> 05:49:07,280 SOLVE ONE EQUITY ISSUE WE 7296 05:49:07,280 --> 05:49:10,280 CREATE ANOTHER. 7297 05:49:10,280 --> 05:49:13,320 IS JUST ONE THING I WENT TO 7298 05:49:13,320 --> 05:49:16,880 EMPHASIZE. 7299 05:49:16,880 --> 05:49:18,960 >> STARTING OFF WITH A SMALL 7300 05:49:18,960 --> 05:49:22,520 DEFINITION FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE 7301 05:49:22,520 --> 05:49:29,280 CLEARLY POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS, EVERYBODY 7302 05:49:29,280 --> 05:49:32,560 CALLS THEM POSTDOC. 7303 05:49:32,560 --> 05:49:34,480 THE INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY 7304 05:49:34,480 --> 05:49:42,720 WHETHER OR NOT WHICH IS VERY 7305 05:49:42,720 --> 05:49:47,640 COMMON WHETHER IF THEY ARE 7306 05:49:47,640 --> 05:49:50,280 INSTITUTIONALLY PERMITTED OR 7307 05:49:50,280 --> 05:49:56,680 EVEN IF THEY WISH TO. 7308 05:49:56,680 --> 05:49:57,200 AND THEN TO BE MOVED TO 7309 05:49:57,200 --> 05:49:59,880 ANOTHER STATUS WILL BE 7310 05:49:59,880 --> 05:50:00,160 REQUIRED. 7311 05:50:00,160 --> 05:50:03,480 I'M GUESSING MY INSTITUTION IS 7312 05:50:03,480 --> 05:50:04,080 NOT THE ONLY ONE SO THAT WILL 7313 05:50:04,080 --> 05:50:08,280 MESS WITH THE NUMBERS SO 7314 05:50:08,280 --> 05:50:13,040 HOPEFULLY WE CAN UNWRAP AND 7315 05:50:13,040 --> 05:50:18,040 THINKING OF COMPENSATION AND 7316 05:50:18,040 --> 05:50:22,280 ACHIEVING SCIENTIFIC 7317 05:50:22,280 --> 05:50:22,800 EXCITEMENT AND COMPASSION 7318 05:50:22,800 --> 05:50:29,760 THERE IS A CULTURAL ELEMENT TO 7319 05:50:29,760 --> 05:50:30,320 THE STAFF SCIENTIST TRACK IF 7320 05:50:30,320 --> 05:50:30,560 YOU ARE. 7321 05:50:30,560 --> 05:50:31,000 THERE BY A REQUIRED 7322 05:50:31,000 --> 05:50:33,600 INSTITUTION OR BY CHOICE. 7323 05:50:33,600 --> 05:50:38,960 SO OF THE QUESTIONS THAT WERE 7324 05:50:38,960 --> 05:50:41,880 ASKED IF THEY ARE GRANULAR 7325 05:50:41,880 --> 05:50:43,480 ENOUGH THAT IT WOULD BE NICE 7326 05:50:43,480 --> 05:50:49,920 TO UNDERSTAND HOW THOSE PEOPLE 7327 05:50:49,920 --> 05:50:50,680 OF THE CURRENT GENERATION VIEW 7328 05:50:50,680 --> 05:50:54,600 A STAFF SCIENTIST OR ACADEMIA 7329 05:50:54,600 --> 05:51:02,560 THAT IF YOUR PAID ACTS THEN 7330 05:51:02,560 --> 05:51:11,560 SOMETHING THAT THE CULTURE SO 7331 05:51:11,560 --> 05:51:12,840 THAT OTHER PIECE FLOATING IN 7332 05:51:12,840 --> 05:51:16,880 THE BACKGROUND WHAT ELSE WHAT 7333 05:51:16,880 --> 05:51:19,680 HAPPENED IS AN INTERESTING 7334 05:51:19,680 --> 05:51:28,000 PLACE. 7335 05:51:28,000 --> 05:51:34,760 >> A TOTALLY AGREE. 7336 05:51:34,760 --> 05:51:41,480 I FEEL THAT WE HAVE TO 7337 05:51:41,480 --> 05:51:43,320 ADVERTISE ALL OF THE 7338 05:51:43,320 --> 05:51:46,080 ADVANTAGES OF WHAT WE DO. 7339 05:51:46,080 --> 05:51:53,320 IT ISN'T DISCUSSED ENOUGH WERE 7340 05:51:53,320 --> 05:51:56,680 TALKING ABOUT IT ON AND OFF A 7341 05:51:56,680 --> 05:51:59,520 GREAT MANY REWARDS FOR DOING 7342 05:51:59,520 --> 05:52:03,600 IT. 7343 05:52:03,600 --> 05:52:07,520 AND TO FIND A WAY TO CREATE 7344 05:52:07,520 --> 05:52:08,040 ANOTHER CATEGORY THAT IS 7345 05:52:08,040 --> 05:52:12,920 VALUED AND FEELS VALUED AND 7346 05:52:12,920 --> 05:52:13,480 THAT IS WHAT YOU ARE GETTING 7347 05:52:13,480 --> 05:52:13,680 AT. 7348 05:52:13,680 --> 05:52:13,880 >> YES. 7349 05:52:13,880 --> 05:52:18,560 A RECOGNITION IN EVERY OTHER 7350 05:52:18,560 --> 05:52:26,840 WAY OPERATING IN THAT MODE. 7351 05:52:26,840 --> 05:52:27,360 >> SOMEHOW I FEEL LIKE THE 7352 05:52:27,360 --> 05:52:29,920 EARLY-STAGE INVESTIGATOR 7353 05:52:29,920 --> 05:52:32,480 SOLUTIONS THAT WE COULD FIND A 7354 05:52:32,480 --> 05:52:38,280 WAY TO EMPOWER THAT LEVEL WITH 7355 05:52:38,280 --> 05:52:46,400 THE LATER STAGE THAT HAS TO BE 7356 05:52:46,400 --> 05:52:50,480 PRESTIGE SO SOMETIMES WE HAVE 7357 05:52:50,480 --> 05:52:53,880 TO FIND A WAY TO DO THAT WE 7358 05:52:53,880 --> 05:52:56,920 WILL DISCUSS HOW TO CONSIDER 7359 05:52:56,920 --> 05:53:03,600 THAT. 7360 05:53:03,600 --> 05:53:12,440 I COME FROM COMPUTER SCIENCE. 7361 05:53:12,440 --> 05:53:15,040 AND THEN WITH THE POSTDOC FOR 7362 05:53:15,040 --> 05:53:23,240 ONE DAY AND THEN THEIR MAIN 7363 05:53:23,240 --> 05:53:23,840 REASON COMPUTER SCIENTISTS CAN 7364 05:53:23,840 --> 05:53:28,280 FIND A JOB VERY EASILY AND 7365 05:53:28,280 --> 05:53:33,600 WITH THE PHD AND IT'S HARD TO 7366 05:53:33,600 --> 05:53:37,280 COMPETE AGAINST MARKET FORCES. 7367 05:53:37,280 --> 05:53:37,760 WE CAN ALWAYS ATTRACT 7368 05:53:37,760 --> 05:53:42,560 EVERYTHING THAT IS IN PRESTIGE 7369 05:53:42,560 --> 05:53:46,640 BUT PEOPLE TO BE INTERESTED IN 7370 05:53:46,640 --> 05:53:50,760 A REASONABLE LIFE HAVING 7371 05:53:50,760 --> 05:53:57,000 FAMILY THAT THERE WILL BE A 7372 05:53:57,000 --> 05:54:00,480 SMALL NUMBER OF PEOPLE TO 7373 05:54:00,480 --> 05:54:03,440 ATTRACT USING OTHER 7374 05:54:03,440 --> 05:54:04,440 MECHANISMS. 7375 05:54:04,440 --> 05:54:13,400 SO OBVIOUSLY COMPUTER SCIENCE 7376 05:54:13,400 --> 05:54:16,480 WITHOUT A LARGE NUMBER OF 7377 05:54:16,480 --> 05:54:19,400 POSTDOC AND HOW THINGS WORK IN 7378 05:54:19,400 --> 05:54:26,240 OTHER FIELDS AND THEN LOOK AT 7379 05:54:26,240 --> 05:54:31,400 THIS AS A POSITIVE THING AND 7380 05:54:31,400 --> 05:54:35,560 THEN TO BE EFFECTIVE AND THEN 7381 05:54:35,560 --> 05:54:41,080 TO BE A PART OF THE WORKFORCE. 7382 05:54:41,080 --> 05:54:46,800 >> SO IT IS QUITE DIFFERENT 7383 05:54:46,800 --> 05:54:59,600 WITH BENCH RESEARCH. 7384 05:54:59,600 --> 05:55:00,600 AND THEN TO CONDUCT RESEARCH 7385 05:55:00,600 --> 05:55:08,000 IS GREATER I HAVE SAMPLED MANY 7386 05:55:08,000 --> 05:55:11,240 COLLEAGUES WHAT PART OF 7387 05:55:11,240 --> 05:55:11,760 TRAINING HAS HAD THE MOST 7388 05:55:11,760 --> 05:55:15,680 IMPACT ON THE WAY YOU CONDUCT 7389 05:55:15,680 --> 05:55:16,080 RESEARCH YOURSELF? 7390 05:55:16,080 --> 05:55:20,120 AND ALMOST EVERYONE WILL SAY 7391 05:55:20,120 --> 05:55:24,000 IN RESEARCH THROUGH BENCH 7392 05:55:24,000 --> 05:55:29,960 RESEARCH IS POSTDOC WE CAN 7393 05:55:29,960 --> 05:55:32,920 SAMPLE TO SEE IF THAT'S THE 7394 05:55:32,920 --> 05:55:36,480 CASE. 7395 05:55:36,480 --> 05:55:39,720 SO IT TAKES A BIGGER GROUP TO 7396 05:55:39,720 --> 05:55:46,600 CARRY OUT THE RESEARCH AND 7397 05:55:46,600 --> 05:55:48,600 THAT IS STRATIFIED BY 7398 05:55:48,600 --> 05:55:53,000 SOPHISTICATION AND KNOWLEDGE. 7399 05:55:53,000 --> 05:55:58,880 IT TAKES LONGER TO ACCUMULATE. 7400 05:55:58,880 --> 05:56:01,880 SO IS IT POSSIBLE SHOULD WE 7401 05:56:01,880 --> 05:56:04,920 CONSIDER WE ARE AT THE 7402 05:56:04,920 --> 05:56:06,360 INFLECTION POINT THAT IS 7403 05:56:06,360 --> 05:56:10,800 SOMETHING WE CAN DISCUSS? 7404 05:56:10,800 --> 05:56:11,280 >> I THINK WE SHOULD. 7405 05:56:11,280 --> 05:56:16,320 BECAUSE THE DATA WHETHER 7406 05:56:16,320 --> 05:56:19,560 ANECDOTAL OR MORE QUALITATIVE 7407 05:56:19,560 --> 05:56:20,760 OR QUANTITATIVE DATA SHOWS 7408 05:56:20,760 --> 05:56:23,680 THAT IF WE ARE NOT AT AN 7409 05:56:23,680 --> 05:56:24,600 INFLECTION POINT WE ARE 7410 05:56:24,600 --> 05:56:28,120 GETTING THERE SO THEN THAT IS 7411 05:56:28,120 --> 05:56:29,960 THE IMPORTANCE OF THESE 7412 05:56:29,960 --> 05:56:38,000 DISCUSSIONS. 7413 05:56:38,000 --> 05:56:38,600 >> I REALLY LIKE WHAT YOU HAD 7414 05:56:38,600 --> 05:56:41,120 TO SAY AND I WISH THAT WERE 7415 05:56:41,120 --> 05:56:43,560 TRUE IN OUR FIELDS AS WELL. 7416 05:56:43,560 --> 05:56:45,680 I THINK IT USED TO BE TRUE AND 7417 05:56:45,680 --> 05:56:49,480 ONE OF THE DIFFERENCES IS MANY 7418 05:56:49,480 --> 05:56:52,520 UNIVERSITIES DO NOT WANT TO 7419 05:56:52,520 --> 05:56:54,400 HIRE SOMEONE WHO IS FACULTY 7420 05:56:54,400 --> 05:56:57,080 UNLESS THEY HAVE PRELIMINARY 7421 05:56:57,080 --> 05:57:01,400 RESULTS TO PULL IN TO ONE -- 7422 05:57:01,400 --> 05:57:06,720 TWO OF THE OUR ZERO ONE I HAVE 7423 05:57:06,720 --> 05:57:07,280 A LOT OF POSTDOCS GO OUT TO 7424 05:57:07,280 --> 05:57:07,880 JOB INTERVIEW AND THEY HAVE 7425 05:57:07,880 --> 05:57:10,360 BEEN ASKED ABOUT OUR ZERO ONE 7426 05:57:10,360 --> 05:57:14,120 AND THE PRELIMINARY RESULTS. 7427 05:57:14,120 --> 05:57:16,520 THAT IS PART OF THE JOB 7428 05:57:16,520 --> 05:57:21,440 PROCESS WHICH TO ME IS BAD IN 7429 05:57:21,440 --> 05:57:29,280 A LOT OF WAYS. 7430 05:57:29,280 --> 05:57:29,880 AND PERHAPS THAT IS THE MOST 7431 05:57:29,880 --> 05:57:30,480 CREATIVE TIME AND THEY SHOULD 7432 05:57:30,480 --> 05:57:36,000 BE OFF IN THEIR OWN LABS. 7433 05:57:36,000 --> 05:57:39,080 SECOND, IT MEANS THEY ARE 7434 05:57:39,080 --> 05:57:41,320 TETHERED TO THE SCIENCE IN 7435 05:57:41,320 --> 05:57:43,320 POSTDOC BUT THEY CANNOT GO OUT 7436 05:57:43,320 --> 05:57:51,000 AND EXPAND BEYOND THAT. 7437 05:57:51,000 --> 05:57:51,480 TO FIND OUT WHAT KIND OF 7438 05:57:51,480 --> 05:57:52,080 PROBLEMS THEY WANT TO START. 7439 05:57:52,080 --> 05:57:58,720 SO THAT IS A HUGE ISSUE AND 7440 05:57:58,720 --> 05:57:59,720 ONE THAT WE NEED TO FIGURE OUT 7441 05:57:59,720 --> 05:58:03,920 HOW TO ADDRESS. 7442 05:58:03,920 --> 05:58:04,480 IT IS A SYSTEMIC ISSUE NOT 7443 05:58:04,480 --> 05:58:10,840 JUST FOR POSTDOC BUT FOR THE 7444 05:58:10,840 --> 05:58:14,880 SYSTEM. 7445 05:58:14,880 --> 05:58:17,880 AND WHAT ARE THE KEY ISSUES 7446 05:58:17,880 --> 05:58:20,240 AND THE MOST CREATIVE AND 7447 05:58:20,240 --> 05:58:32,400 GROUNDBREAKING SCIENCE THAT 7448 05:58:32,400 --> 05:58:32,960 YOU SPEND THE WHOLE POSTDOC 7449 05:58:32,960 --> 05:58:33,520 WITH PRELIMINARY RESULTS AND 7450 05:58:33,520 --> 05:58:34,080 SPEND YOUR WHOLE ASSISTANT 7451 05:58:34,080 --> 05:58:34,920 PROFESSORSHIP FOLLOWING THOSE 7452 05:58:34,920 --> 05:58:35,960 UP. 7453 05:58:35,960 --> 05:58:38,320 THAT IS STAGNANT. 7454 05:58:38,320 --> 05:58:43,880 THE SYSTEM WE HAVE NOW IS NOT 7455 05:58:43,880 --> 05:58:53,680 THE BEST FOR SCIENCE. 7456 05:58:53,680 --> 05:58:54,200 >> I WILL TURN IT OVER TO 7457 05:58:54,200 --> 05:58:54,800 LARRY FOR THE FINAL WORD THEN 7458 05:58:54,800 --> 05:58:56,280 YOU CAN CLOSE. 7459 05:58:56,280 --> 05:59:00,800 >> TAKE YOU FOR A VERY RICH 7460 05:59:00,800 --> 05:59:01,400 DISCUSSION I APOLOGIZE MISSING 7461 05:59:01,400 --> 05:59:09,000 A PORTION IN THE BEGINNING. 7462 05:59:09,000 --> 05:59:11,960 SO TO YOUR LAST POINT WE DO 7463 05:59:11,960 --> 05:59:15,360 HAVE AN AWARD WE ARE NOT 7464 05:59:15,360 --> 05:59:17,280 ALLOWED TO SUBMIT PRELIMINARY 7465 05:59:17,280 --> 05:59:21,640 DATA FOR THAT PRECISE REASON 7466 05:59:21,640 --> 05:59:27,960 SO THAT YOU ARE NOT TETHERED 7467 05:59:27,960 --> 05:59:41,840 TO YOUR MENTORS EFFORTS. 7468 05:59:41,840 --> 05:59:47,640 BECAUSE IT IS A ZERO-SUM GAME 7469 05:59:47,640 --> 05:59:48,680 THE SCALE OF RESOURCES THAT 7470 05:59:48,680 --> 05:59:52,560 YOU NEED FROM SOME OTHER 7471 05:59:52,560 --> 05:59:54,360 SOURCE OF INDUSTRY OR 7472 05:59:54,360 --> 06:00:02,560 FOUNDATION THAT IS SIGNIFICANT 7473 06:00:02,560 --> 06:00:03,080 LOOKING AT THE BACK OF THE 7474 06:00:03,080 --> 06:00:05,800 ENVELOPE CALCULATIONS 7475 06:00:05,800 --> 06:00:14,120 SUSPENDING OUR WAY OUT OF THIS 7476 06:00:14,120 --> 06:00:17,120 SO WE HAVE THIS CONTRACT WITH 7477 06:00:17,120 --> 06:00:26,640 ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS AND 7478 06:00:26,640 --> 06:00:27,240 FUNDAMENTALLY THAT IS PART OF 7479 06:00:27,240 --> 06:00:33,560 THE STRUCTURAL PROBLEM. 7480 06:00:33,560 --> 06:00:35,480 THE CONTRACT SAYS ONE GRAND 7481 06:00:35,480 --> 06:00:47,960 ISN'T ENOUGH ANYMORE WE 7482 06:00:47,960 --> 06:00:48,520 CONTINUE TO TRAIN PEOPLE IN 7483 06:00:48,520 --> 06:00:51,760 OUR IMAGE AND THOSE WHO HAVE 7484 06:00:51,760 --> 06:00:54,320 GONE ON TO INCREDIBLY 7485 06:00:54,320 --> 06:00:57,040 IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC CAREERS 7486 06:00:57,040 --> 06:00:59,920 THAT ARE NOT AT THE BENCH OR 7487 06:00:59,920 --> 06:01:05,600 THE BEDSIDE BUT INTO POLICY 7488 06:01:05,600 --> 06:01:08,240 HAD TO FORGE THEIR OWN WAY 7489 06:01:08,240 --> 06:01:13,520 THEY HAD TO FIGHT AND CLAW AND 7490 06:01:13,520 --> 06:01:14,080 FIGURE OUT FOR THEMSELVES 7491 06:01:14,080 --> 06:01:20,200 WITHOUT TOO MUCH HELP FROM 7492 06:01:20,200 --> 06:01:22,160 ACADEMIA IN FACT I HOPE IT HAS 7493 06:01:22,160 --> 06:01:24,880 CHANGED NOW BUT FOR A LONG 7494 06:01:24,880 --> 06:01:27,040 TIME WAS LOOKED THAT YOU ARE 7495 06:01:27,040 --> 06:01:33,880 NOT REALLY A SCIENTIST. 7496 06:01:33,880 --> 06:01:36,880 AND PEOPLE WHO HAVE MADE THEIR 7497 06:01:36,880 --> 06:01:38,000 CAREERS IN SCIENCE 7498 06:01:38,000 --> 06:01:41,240 ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY HAVE 7499 06:01:41,240 --> 06:01:44,520 ENORMOUS RESPONSIBILITY FOR 7500 06:01:44,520 --> 06:01:48,480 BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. 7501 06:01:48,480 --> 06:01:51,080 WE HAVE TO RETHINK THAT. 7502 06:01:51,080 --> 06:01:54,560 I NOW UNDERSTAND WHY I HAVE 7503 06:01:54,560 --> 06:01:59,680 HAD SO MANY PROBLEMS BECAUSE 7504 06:01:59,680 --> 06:02:00,200 OF NEVER BEEN POSTDOC IT'S 7505 06:02:00,200 --> 06:02:00,760 INTERESTING TO LEARN THAT'S 7506 06:02:00,760 --> 06:02:01,680 WHY. 7507 06:02:01,680 --> 06:02:06,080 [LAUGHTER] 7508 06:02:06,080 --> 06:02:09,200 I AM ALWAYS LEARNING STUFF 7509 06:02:09,200 --> 06:02:14,840 ABOUT MYSELF. 7510 06:02:14,840 --> 06:02:16,520 BUT I THINK THE RICHNESS OF 7511 06:02:16,520 --> 06:02:22,360 THE CONVERSATION UNDERSCORES 7512 06:02:22,360 --> 06:02:32,720 THE COMPLEXITY OF THIS WE HAVE 7513 06:02:32,720 --> 06:02:33,760 TO PUT THIS INTO TANGIBLE VERY 7514 06:02:33,760 --> 06:02:38,800 SPECIFIC THINGS IF IT WAS EASY 7515 06:02:38,800 --> 06:02:41,640 IT WOULD HAVE BEEN FIGURED OUT 7516 06:02:41,640 --> 06:02:49,080 ALREADY. 7517 06:02:49,080 --> 06:02:52,560 THE OUTFIT THAT YOU WILL SEEK 7518 06:02:52,560 --> 06:02:55,160 AND SOUND WILL BE GREAT SOME 7519 06:02:55,160 --> 06:02:59,680 WILL BE NOT SO GREAT BUT YOU 7520 06:02:59,680 --> 06:03:00,200 HAVE TO LISTEN TO IT ALL 7521 06:03:00,200 --> 06:03:03,040 BECAUSE IT'S VERY IMPORTANT 7522 06:03:03,040 --> 06:03:06,160 THAT WE LAYOUT THE POTENTIAL 7523 06:03:06,160 --> 06:03:08,840 OPTIONS. 7524 06:03:08,840 --> 06:03:14,040 THE CURRENT SYSTEM FOR ALL THE 7525 06:03:14,040 --> 06:03:17,120 REASONS PEOPLE ALLUDED TO IS 7526 06:03:17,120 --> 06:03:21,880 NO LONGER SUSTAINABLE AND THEN 7527 06:03:21,880 --> 06:03:23,720 IF YOU SPRINKLE IN THOSE 7528 06:03:23,720 --> 06:03:31,800 CHALLENGES THEN WE ALL 7529 06:03:31,800 --> 06:03:41,480 COLLECTIVELY WORRY I'M LOOKING 7530 06:03:41,480 --> 06:03:43,360 FORWARD TO HEARING THE INTERIM 7531 06:03:43,360 --> 06:03:46,480 DISCUSSION IN JUNE AND THEN 7532 06:03:46,480 --> 06:03:50,080 WHEN THE GROUP COMES UP WITH 7533 06:03:50,080 --> 06:03:50,920 THE FINAL DELIBERATIONS I HAVE 7534 06:03:50,920 --> 06:03:57,880 NO DOUBT IF AND WHEN THE 7535 06:03:57,880 --> 06:04:01,360 TRANSITION TO A PERMANENT 7536 06:04:01,360 --> 06:04:01,960 DIRECTOR TO BE VERY INTERESTED 7537 06:04:01,960 --> 06:04:06,480 IN THIS TOPIC SO WE EMBRACE 7538 06:04:06,480 --> 06:04:15,600 THIS AS A GREAT SERVICE. 7539 06:04:15,600 --> 06:04:17,840 WE ARE PAST TIME. 7540 06:04:17,840 --> 06:04:20,840 THANK YOU FOR HANGING OUT WITH 7541 06:04:20,840 --> 06:04:26,520 US WE HAVE MORE TOMORROW I 7542 06:04:26,520 --> 06:04:31,200 HAVE A GREAT EVENING I 7543 06:04:31,200 --> 06:04:31,720 CERTAINLY LOOK FORWARD TO 7544 06:04:31,720 --> 00:00:00,000 TOMORROW'S SESSION.