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>> HELLO.

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HI, EVERYBODY.

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I AM THE CURRENT PRESIDENT OF

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THE NIH FEDERAL ASIAN PACIFIC

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COUNCIL, AND ALSO DIVISION

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DIRECTOR AT THE NATIONAL

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INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND

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HEALTH DISPARITIES.

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I WELCOME YOU ALL TO THIS ANNUAL

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EVENT OF VIVEK MURTHY

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DISTINGUISHED LECTURE SERIES ON

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PUBLIC HEALTH LEADERSHIP.

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THIS EVENT, WE HAVE IT ANNUALLY,

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IS IN CELEBRATION OF THE ASIAN

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AMERICAN AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN

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PACIFIC ISLANDER HERITAGE MONTH,

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AND THIS IS BEING SPONSORED BY

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NIH, NIMHD, HHS, HHS OFFICE OF

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EQUAL OPPORTUNITY DIVERSITY AND

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INCLUSION, AND OUR OTHER SISTER

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AGENCIES FROM CDC, HRSA, SAMH 

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SAMHSA, -- AND MANY OTHERS WHO

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HAVE HELPED WITH THIS EVENT.

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SO WE KNOW THAT OUR HEALTH OF

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OUR DIVERSE POPULATION DEPENDS

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ON OUR GREAT PUBLIC HEALTH

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LEADERS, SO TODAY'S EVENT IS

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REALLY GREAT THAT WE -- FROM THE

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AANHPI COMMUNITY, BECAUSE WE

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HAVE WITH US OUR U.S. SURGEON

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GENERAL, VIVEK MURTHY, AND

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DR. HAHRIE HAN, TWO GREAT AANHPI

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LEADERS TO INSPIRE US AND OUR

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NEXT GENERATIONS.

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TO START THIS EVENT IT'S MY

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GREATEST PLEASURE TO INTRODUCE

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DR. MICHAEL CHIANG, DIRECTOR OF

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THE NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE AT

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NIH.

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HE'LL BE GIVING US SOME WELCOME

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REMARKS TO KICK THIS EVENT OFF.

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>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

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LET ME ADD MY WELCOME TO THE

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FOURTH VIVEK MURTHY LECTURE

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SERIES EVENT.

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AS SAID, MY NAME IS MICHAEL

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CHIANG, DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL

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EYE INSTITUTE AT THE NIH AND IT

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REALLY MY PRIVILEGE TO MAKE A

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FEW INTRODUCTORY REMARKS ON

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BEHALF OF ALL OF US AT THE NIH.

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THE REASON WE'RE ALL HERE IS

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THAT MAY IS ASIAN AMERICAN,

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NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND PACIFIC

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ISLANDER HERITAGE MONTH, AND

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THAT'S A CELEBRATION OF THOSE

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COMMUNITIES IN THE U.S., AND

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WE'RE PROUD TO BE ABLE TO

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PARTICIPATE IN TODAY'S

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CELEBRATION AND IT'S REALLY

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FITTING THAT WE HAVE TWO

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FABULOUS ASIAN AMERICAN LEADERS

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WITH US TODAY.

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THE GOAL OF THE DISTINGUISHED

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LECTURE SERIES IS TO FIRST

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RECOGNIZE DR. MURTHY, WHO'S THE

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SURGEON GENERAL OF THE UNITED

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STATES.

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AND OF COURSE TO RECOGNIZE A

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PUBLIC HEALTH HEEDER WHOSE

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EFFORTS HAVE MADE A REALLY

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SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON ADVANCING

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PUBLIC HEALTH.

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AND TODAY, DR. MURTHY IS

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RECOGNIZING DR. HAHRIE HAN,

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WHO'S A PROFESSOR AND FOUNDING

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DIRECTOR OF THE STAVROS NIARCHOS

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FOUNDATION AGORA INSTITUTE AT

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JOHNS HOPKINS FOR HER LEADERSHIP

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IN FOSTERING SOCIAL CONNECTION

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TO ENHANCE HEALTH AND

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WELL-BEING.

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SO TODAY DRS. MURTHY AND HAN ARE

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GOING TO DISCUSS THEIR PERSONAL

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REFLECTIONS ON PUBLIC HEALTH

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LEADERSHIP, COMBATING SOCIAL

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ISOLATION AND LONELINESS AND

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ALSO DEVELOPING COMMUNITY

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CONNECTIONS TO ADDRESS HEALTH

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INEQUITIES.

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THIS IS GOING TO BE A GREAT

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CONVERSATION AND I LOVE IT

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INCLUDES TWO PEOPLE WHO ARE OF

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ASIAN DESCENT.

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WE HAVE A SUPERB MODERATOR,

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DR. MONICA WEBB HOOPER, DEPUTY

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DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL

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INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND

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HEALTH DISPARITIES, NIMHD, AT

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THE NIH.

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SO DR. WEBB HOOPER, THANK YOU

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VERY MUCH FOR DOING THIS.

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REALLY EXCITED, AND LET ME TURN

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TO YOU, PLEASE.

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THANK YOU.

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>> THANK YOU, DR. CHIANG,
AND

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WELCOME, EVERYONE, I AM REALLY

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JUST DELIGHTED AND HONORED TO

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HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO MODERATE

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THE FOURTH YEAR OF THIS EVENT.

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WE ARE INDEED CELEBRATING ASIAN

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AMERICAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND

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PACIFIC ISLANDER HERITAGE MONTH,

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AND I'VE BEEN REALLY LOOKING

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FORWARD TO THIS EVENT AND THIS

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CONVERSATION.

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THE FORMAT OF THE VIVEK A.

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MURTHY DISTINGUISHED LECTURE

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SERIES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH

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LEADERSHIP IS A VIRTUAL

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CONVERSATION OR A FIRESIDE CHAT

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RATHER THAN AS THE NAME

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SUGGESTS, A LECTURE OR A FORMAL

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PRESENTATION.

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TODAY WE WILL BE TALKING WITH

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THESE TWO DISTINGUISHED

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INDIVIDUALS, BENEFITING FROM

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THEIR PERSONAL REFLECTION, AND

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THEN INCORPORATING QUESTIONS

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FROM THE AUDIENCE.

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NOW THE AUDIENCE, YOU CAN SUBMIT

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QUESTIONS USING THE SEND LIVE

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FEEDBACK BUTTON ON THE

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VIDEOCAST, AND WE'LL DO OUR BEST

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TO INCORPORATE THEM.

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SO FIRST I WOULD LIKE TO

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INTRODUCE OUR GUESTS BY SHARING

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JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE, JUST A

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SMALL SELECTION OF THE REALLY

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IMPRESSIVE AND IMPACTFUL

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CAREERS.

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VICE ADMIRAL MURTHY WAS

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CONFIRMED BY THE U.S. SENATE TO

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SERVE AS THE 21ST SURGEON

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GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES.

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AS THE NATION'S TOP DOCTOR,

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DR. MURTHY HELPS TO ADVANCE THE

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HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF ALL

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AMERICANS, AND HAS WORKED TO

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ADDRESS CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH

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ISSUES.

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HE HAS ISSUED SURGEON GENERAL'S

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ADVISORIES ON THE YOUTH MENTAL

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HEALTH CRISIS AND SOCIAL MEDIA'S

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IMPACT ON YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH,

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THE EPIDEMIC OF LONELINESS AND

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ISOLATION, AND ALSO ON BURNOUT

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IN THE HEALTH WORKER COMMUNITY.

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DR. MURTHY ALSO ISSUED A SURGEON

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GENERAL'S FRAMEWORK ON MENTAL

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HEALTH IN THE WORKPLACE AND HE

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IS THE FIRST SURGEON GENERAL TO

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HOST A PODCAST.

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IT'S CALLED HOUSE CALLS WITH DRE

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INVITES GUESTS AND LISTENERS TO

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REALLY EXPLORE HOW WE CAN ALL

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BUILD MORE CONNECTED AND

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MEANINGFUL LIVES.

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SO AS VICE ADMIRAL OF THE U.S.

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PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE COMMISSION

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CORPS, DR. MURTHY OVERSEES MORE

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THAN 6,000 DEDICATED PUBLIC

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HEALTH OFFICERS, SERVING

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UNDERSERVED AND VULNERABLE

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POPULATIONS.

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DR. MURTHY PREVIOUSLY SERVED AS

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THE 19TH SURGEON GENERAL UNDER

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PRESIDENT OBAMA.

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HE WAS RAISED IN MIAMI AND HE

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RECEIVED HIS BACHELOR'S DEGREE

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FROM HARVARD, HIS MEDICAL DEGREE

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FROM YALE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE,

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AND HIS MASTER'S DEGREE IN

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BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FROM THE

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YALE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT.

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AND TODAY'S HONOREE, DR. HAHRIE

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HAN IS THE INAUGURAL DIRECTOR OF

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THE STAVROS NIARCHOS FOUNDATION

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AGORA INSTITUTE.

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SHE IS THE PROFESSOR OF

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POLITICAL SCIENCE AND FACULTY

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DIRECTOR OF THE P3 RESEARCH LAB

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AT JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY.

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SHE IS AN AWARD WINNING AUTHOR

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OF FOUR BOOKS AND NUMEROUS

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ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN LEADING

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SCHOLARLY OUTLETS INCLUDING THE

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AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE

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REVIEW, THE AMERICAN

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SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW, NATURE

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HUMAN BEHAVIOR, PNAS, AND THE

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL

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ASSOCIATION AND ALSO OTHER

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OUTLETS.

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SHE'S ALSO WRITTEN FOR TOP

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OUTLETS SUCH AS "THE NEW YORK

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TIMES," "THE WASHINGTON POST,"

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AS WELL AS OTHERS.

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SHE'S ALSO AN EE LEBTED MEMBER

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OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS

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AND SCIENCES.

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SHE WAS ALSO NAMED A 2022 SOCIAL

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INNOVATION THOUGHT LEADER OF THE

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YEAR BY THE WORLD ECONOMIC

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FORUM'S SCHWAB FOUNDATION AND

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DR. HAN DELIVERED THE

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PRESTIGIOUS TANNER LECTURES AT

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HARVARD UNIVERSITY IN 2024.

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SHE ALSO HAS A NEW BOOK THAT

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WILL BE RELEASED, HER FIFTH

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BOOK.

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IT WILL FOCUS ON FAITH AND RACE

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IN AMERICA, WITH A FOCUS ON

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EVANGELICAL MEGA CHURCHES, AND

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THAT WILL BE PUBLISHED LATER

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THIS FALL.

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SO DR. MURTHY, IT IS GREAT TO

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SEE YOU AGAIN, AND DR. HAN, IT'S

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REALLY GREAT TO MEET YOU.

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THERE ARE A FEW TOPICS THAT

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WE'RE GOING TO COVER TODAY THAT

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WILL FIT WITHIN THIS THEME OF

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FOSTERING SOCIAL CONNECTION TO

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ENHANCE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING.

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AND THEN OF COURSE WE'D LIKE TO

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HOPEFULLY HAVE A FEW MINUTES FOR

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AUDIENCE QUESTIONS.

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SO BEFORE I MOVE ANY FURTHER TO

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START THE CONVERSATION,

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DR. MURTHY, WOULD YOU LIKE TO

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SAY A FEW WORDS TO START US OFF?

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>> WELL, THANK YOU SO
MUCH,

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MONICA, FOR THAT KIND

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INTRODUCTION, AND TO YOU AND THE

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ENTIRE TEAM AT OUR COUNCIL.

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I JUST WANT TO THANK THEM FOR

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ALL OF THEIR LEADERSHIP IN

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MAKING THIS LECTURE POSSIBLE

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OVER THE LAST FOUR YEARS AND FOR

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MAKING IT ACCESSIBLE TO SO MANY

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PEOPLE IN OUR COMMUNITY.

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THIS IS -- HAS ALWAYS BEEN ONE

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OF MY FAVORITE EVENTS, AND SO

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REALLY GLAD THAT WE'RE DOING

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THIS AGAIN.

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AND I'M SO GLAD IN PARTICULAR

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THAT WE'RE DOING THIS WITH

258
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DR. HAHRIE HAN.

259
00:08:37,456 --> 00:08:38,390
HAHRIE HAS BEEN SOMEONE I'VE

260
00:08:38,390 --> 00:08:40,459
ADMIRED FOR MANY, MANY YEARS AND

261
00:08:40,459 --> 00:08:41,460
SOMEONE I'M PRIVILEGED TO CALL,

262
00:08:41,460 --> 00:08:42,661
YOU KNOW, A DEAR FRIEND.

263
00:08:42,661 --> 00:08:45,931
WE MET YEARS AGO, WHEN I WAS --

264
00:08:45,931 --> 00:08:47,833
I WAS WORKING ON BUILDING A

265
00:08:47,833 --> 00:08:50,536
HEALTHCARE ADVOCACY EFFORT TO

266
00:08:50,536 --> 00:08:52,338
TRY TO GATHER DOCTORS TOGETHER

267
00:08:52,338 --> 00:08:55,141
AROUND THE COUNTRY TO HELP SHAPE

268
00:08:55,141 --> 00:08:56,809
IMPROVEMENTS TO OUR HEALTHCARE

269
00:08:56,809 --> 00:08:57,877
SYSTEM THAT WOULD HOPEFULLY

270
00:08:57,877 --> 00:08:59,178
BETTER SERVE OUR PATIENTS, BUT I

271
00:08:59,178 --> 00:09:00,479
DIDN'T HAVE A WHOLE LOT OF SKILL

272
00:09:00,479 --> 00:09:01,580
IN KNOWING HOW TO THINK ABOUT

273
00:09:01,580 --> 00:09:03,249
THAT OR HOW TO ORGANIZE THAT,

274
00:09:03,249 --> 00:09:04,183
AND ONE OF THE PEOPLE I WAS

275
00:09:04,183 --> 00:09:06,485
REALLY BLESSED TO MEET ALONG THE

276
00:09:06,485 --> 00:09:09,355
WAY WAS HAHRIE HAN, WHO, WITH

277
00:09:09,355 --> 00:09:10,589
HER SORT OF TRADEMARK KINDNESS

278
00:09:10,589 --> 00:09:12,725
AND EXPERTISE, HELPED ME THINK

279
00:09:12,725 --> 00:09:13,626
THROUGH LIKE WHAT IT WOULD BE

280
00:09:13,626 --> 00:09:16,896
LIKE TO TRULY BUILD A -- AN

281
00:09:16,896 --> 00:09:18,664
EFFECTIVE MOVEMENT, AN ADVOCACY

282
00:09:18,664 --> 00:09:20,166
MOVEMENT FOR BETTER HEALTHCARE.

283
00:09:20,166 --> 00:09:21,667
EVER SINCE I MET HAHRIE, I'VE

284
00:09:21,667 --> 00:09:22,768
SORT OF -- IT WAS CLEAR FROM THE

285
00:09:22,768 --> 00:09:24,537
VERY BEGINNING THAT SHE'S

286
00:09:24,537 --> 00:09:25,671
BRILLIANT AND EXTRAORDINARILY

287
00:09:25,671 --> 00:09:26,839
SHARP AND INSIGHTFUL, YOU'LL

288
00:09:26,839 --> 00:09:28,574
HEAR THAT AND SEE THAT TODAY,

289
00:09:28,574 --> 00:09:30,442
BUT I ALSO FOUND THAT ONE OF THE

290
00:09:30,442 --> 00:09:32,411
THINGS THAT'S UNUSUAL ABOUT

291
00:09:32,411 --> 00:09:33,846
HAHRIE AS FAR AS ACADEMIA IS

292
00:09:33,846 --> 00:09:35,648
CONCERNED IS SHE BRINGS AN

293
00:09:35,648 --> 00:09:37,583
UNUSUAL LEVEL OF ON THE GROUND

294
00:09:37,583 --> 00:09:39,418
EXPERIENCE AS WELL TO HER

295
00:09:39,418 --> 00:09:40,953
ACADEMIC WORK, AND THAT, I THINK

296
00:09:40,953 --> 00:09:42,788
HAS MADE HER EXTRAORDINARILY

297
00:09:42,788 --> 00:09:45,858
EFFECTIVE IN HER WRITING AND IN

298
00:09:45,858 --> 00:09:48,160
HER OVERALL IMPACT ON THE FIELD.

299
00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:49,395
AND FINALLY TO WHAT'S MOST

300
00:09:49,395 --> 00:09:50,696
IMPORTANT TO ME ABOUT HAHRIE IS

301
00:09:50,696 --> 00:09:52,998
JUST THE VALUES, WHERE SHE COMES

302
00:09:52,998 --> 00:09:53,299
FROM.

303
00:09:53,299 --> 00:09:55,067
SHE IS SOMEBODY WHO CARES DEEPLY

304
00:09:55,067 --> 00:09:56,702
ABOUT THE WELL-BEING OF PEOPLE

305
00:09:56,702 --> 00:09:58,003
ACROSS THE BOARD AND ABOUT

306
00:09:58,003 --> 00:09:59,371
LIFTING UP THE WELL-BEING OF

307
00:09:59,371 --> 00:10:00,873
PEOPLE AT SCALE, AND THE WORK

308
00:10:00,873 --> 00:10:04,343
THAT SHE HAS DONE HAS HELPED, I

309
00:10:04,343 --> 00:10:06,011
THINK, STRENGTHEN OUR ABILITY

310
00:10:06,011 --> 00:10:07,513
HOW TO THINK THROUGH HOW TO DO

311
00:10:07,513 --> 00:10:08,881
THAT, OF BUILDING EFFECTIVE

312
00:10:08,881 --> 00:10:09,949
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS.

313
00:10:09,949 --> 00:10:11,383
SHE TO ME IS SOMEBODY WHO THINKS

314
00:10:11,383 --> 00:10:13,586
IS REALLY AT THE INTERSECTION OF

315
00:10:13,586 --> 00:10:15,421
SCIENCE AND SOCIETY AND

316
00:10:15,421 --> 00:10:16,555
HUMANITY, AND SHE BRINGS ALL

317
00:10:16,555 --> 00:10:17,790
THREE OF THOSE THREADS INTO HER

318
00:10:17,790 --> 00:10:18,157
WORK.

319
00:10:18,157 --> 00:10:19,792
SO I'M JUST INCREDIBLY GRATEFUL

320
00:10:19,792 --> 00:10:21,727
TO YOU, HAHRIE, FOR AGREEING TO

321
00:10:21,727 --> 00:10:23,929
DO THIS WITH US TODAY, AND I'M

322
00:10:23,929 --> 00:10:24,797
EAGER FOR EVERYONE TO HAVE A

323
00:10:24,797 --> 00:10:25,898
CHANCE TO HEAR FROM YOU.

324
00:10:25,898 --> 00:10:27,333
SO BACK TO YOU, MONICA.

325
00:10:27,333 --> 00:10:28,200
>> GREAT.

326
00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:30,703
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

327
00:10:30,703 --> 00:10:33,105
SOUNDS LIKE AN IMPORTANT CAREER

328
00:10:33,105 --> 00:10:34,673
THAT YOU'VE HAD THUS FAR,

329
00:10:34,673 --> 00:10:35,574
DR. HAN, AND WE ARE LOOKING

330
00:10:35,574 --> 00:10:37,610
FORWARD TO GETTING TO KNOW MORE

331
00:10:37,610 --> 00:10:38,244
ABOUT YOU.

332
00:10:38,244 --> 00:10:40,412
AND I GUESS I'LL START WITH THE

333
00:10:40,412 --> 00:10:41,447
FIRST QUESTION.

334
00:10:41,447 --> 00:10:42,414
ALONG THESE LINES, YOU'VE HAD

335
00:10:42,414 --> 00:10:45,150
SUCH A ROBUST CAREER IN SOCIAL

336
00:10:45,150 --> 00:10:47,186
SCIENCE AND WE'RE INTERESTED IN

337
00:10:47,186 --> 00:10:48,887
IF YOU COULD SHARE WHAT

338
00:10:48,887 --> 00:10:51,924
MOTIVATED YOU TO PURSUE SOCIAL,

339
00:10:51,924 --> 00:10:54,660
POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SOCIAL

340
00:10:54,660 --> 00:10:56,028
MOVEMENT AS A CAREER AND WITH

341
00:10:56,028 --> 00:10:57,930
THAT, WE'RE INTERESTED IN

342
00:10:57,930 --> 00:11:00,666
WHETHER YOU CAN ARTICULATE ANY

343
00:11:00,666 --> 00:11:02,534
SPECIFIC CHALLENGES THAT YOU

344
00:11:02,534 --> 00:11:05,404
FACED AS A FEMALE PROFESSIONAL

345
00:11:05,404 --> 00:11:06,705
OF ASIAN AMERICAN HERITAGE, AND

346
00:11:06,705 --> 00:11:08,240
ARE THERE ANY LESSONS LEARNED

347
00:11:08,240 --> 00:11:11,210
THAT YOU MIGHT BE ABLE TO SHARE?

348
00:11:11,210 --> 00:11:12,278
>> SURE.

349
00:11:12,278 --> 00:11:14,146
THANK YOU FOR THAT QUESTION.

350
00:11:14,146 --> 00:11:15,581
BUT LET ME JUST START BY SAYING

351
00:11:15,581 --> 00:11:17,683
HOW HONORED I AM TO BE HERE AND

352
00:11:17,683 --> 00:11:18,951
WHAT'S AN INCREDIBLE

353
00:11:18,951 --> 00:11:19,985
OPPORTUNITY, OF COURSE, TO BE IN

354
00:11:19,985 --> 00:11:21,620
CONVERSATION WITH DR. MURTHY,

355
00:11:21,620 --> 00:11:23,289
BUT ALSO HOW GRATEFUL I AM TO

356
00:11:23,289 --> 00:11:26,792
THE ENTIRE TEAM FOR INVITING ME

357
00:11:26,792 --> 00:11:28,661
TO DO THIS AND FOR LETTING ME BE

358
00:11:28,661 --> 00:11:29,561
IN CONVERSATION WITH YOU.

359
00:11:29,561 --> 00:11:31,297
SO I'M REALLY LOOKING FORWARD TO

360
00:11:31,297 --> 00:11:34,800
OUR WHOLE CONVERSATION.

361
00:11:34,800 --> 00:11:35,734
BUT TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTION,

362
00:11:35,734 --> 00:11:36,802
WHEN I START TO THINK ABOUT HOW

363
00:11:36,802 --> 00:11:38,771
I GOT INTO THIS WORK, I ALWAYS

364
00:11:38,771 --> 00:11:40,939
START BY THINKING ABOUT MY

365
00:11:40,939 --> 00:11:41,273
GRANDPARENTS.

366
00:11:41,273 --> 00:11:42,141
MY GRANDPARENT WERE REFUGEES

367
00:11:42,141 --> 00:11:44,443
FROM NORTH KOREA TO SOUTH KOREA,

368
00:11:44,443 --> 00:11:47,813
AND YOU KNOW, MY GRANDFATHER

369
00:11:47,813 --> 00:11:49,548
MOVED SOUTH.

370
00:11:49,548 --> 00:11:50,683
THE COUNTRY WAS SPLIT IN TWO

371
00:11:50,683 --> 00:11:52,418
WITHOUT THEM BEING ABLE TO

372
00:11:52,418 --> 00:11:53,852
ANTICIPATE THAT WOULD HAPPEN, SO

373
00:11:53,852 --> 00:11:55,154
MY GRANDFATHER LOST TOUCH WITH

374
00:11:55,154 --> 00:11:56,088
HIS MOTHER BECAUSE OF THAT, AND

375
00:11:56,088 --> 00:11:57,690
I THINK BECAUSE OF THAT, WE

376
00:11:57,690 --> 00:11:58,657
ALWAYS GREW UP WITH THE SENSE

377
00:11:58,657 --> 00:12:01,393
FROM MY GRANDPARENTS ABOUT HOW

378
00:12:01,393 --> 00:12:02,795
FRAGILE THE THINGS THAT WE HOLD

379
00:12:02,795 --> 00:12:04,363
SACRED CAN BE, AND HOW IMPORTANT

380
00:12:04,363 --> 00:12:07,333
IT IS FOR US TO TRY TO PROTECT

381
00:12:07,333 --> 00:12:09,601
THE THINGS THAT WE REALLY LOVE.

382
00:12:09,601 --> 00:12:12,104
BUT THEN MY FATHER AND MY

383
00:12:12,104 --> 00:12:16,275
PARENTS GREW UP IN KOREA MOSTLY,

384
00:12:16,275 --> 00:12:17,343
AND THEN EMIGRATED TO THE UNITED

385
00:12:17,343 --> 00:12:19,912
STATES WHERE I WAS BORN SO I WAS

386
00:12:19,912 --> 00:12:20,312
BORN IN THE U.S.

387
00:12:20,312 --> 00:12:21,480
THE OTHER PIECE OF THAT FAMILY

388
00:12:21,480 --> 00:12:22,948
STORY THAT REALLY SHAPED MY

389
00:12:22,948 --> 00:12:24,483
UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLD IS

390
00:12:24,483 --> 00:12:25,884
THE FACT OF JUST BEING A CHILD

391
00:12:25,884 --> 00:12:27,286
OF IMMIGRANTS, AND I GREW UP

392
00:12:27,286 --> 00:12:28,954
MOSTLY IN HOUSTON, TEXAS AND

393
00:12:28,954 --> 00:12:30,489
LOVED AND STILL LOVE HOUSTON.

394
00:12:30,489 --> 00:12:31,924
MY PARENTS STILL LIVE THERE.

395
00:12:31,924 --> 00:12:33,592
BUT I THINK GROWING UP AS A

396
00:12:33,592 --> 00:12:35,327
CHILD OF IMMIGRANTS, NOT BECAUSE

397
00:12:35,327 --> 00:12:36,195
ANYONE NECESSARILY SAID THE

398
00:12:36,195 --> 00:12:37,463
WORDS TO ME BUT JUST IT WAS KIND

399
00:12:37,463 --> 00:12:40,199
OF LIKE IN THE AIR THAT WE

400
00:12:40,199 --> 00:12:41,433
BREATHE WAS THIS IDEA OF

401
00:12:41,433 --> 00:12:42,067
TRANSFORMATION, THAT PART OF

402
00:12:42,067 --> 00:12:44,603
WHAT WE DO AS HUMANS IS TRY TO

403
00:12:44,603 --> 00:12:46,438
TRANSFORM OURSELVES, TRANSFORM

404
00:12:46,438 --> 00:12:48,107
OUR COMMUNITIES, TRANSFORM THE

405
00:12:48,107 --> 00:12:48,741
WORLD AROUND US.

406
00:12:48,741 --> 00:12:49,842
IT'S NOT ONLY POSSIBLE BUT IT

407
00:12:49,842 --> 00:12:52,378
JUST PART OF WHAT IT MEANS TO BE

408
00:12:52,378 --> 00:12:53,545
HUMAN IN THIS WORLD.

409
00:12:53,545 --> 00:12:55,748
AND SO THAT'S -- I THINK I GREW

410
00:12:55,748 --> 00:12:56,949
UP WITH BOTH OF THOSE IDEAS IN

411
00:12:56,949 --> 00:12:58,317
KIND OF THE BACKGROUND OF MY

412
00:12:58,317 --> 00:12:58,684
LIFE.

413
00:12:58,684 --> 00:13:00,486
BUT DIDN'T REALLY UNDERSTAND HOW

414
00:13:00,486 --> 00:13:01,520
TO CHANNEL IT INTO ANYTHING

415
00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:03,956
UNTIL I WENT TO COLLEGE, AND

416
00:13:03,956 --> 00:13:08,527
THROUGH TOTAL HAPPENSTANCE GOT

417
00:13:08,527 --> 00:13:11,830
INVOLVED IN ACTIVISM, SOCIAL

418
00:13:11,830 --> 00:13:12,765
MOVEMENTS, ALL THESE DIFFERENT

419
00:13:12,765 --> 00:13:13,966
KIND OF THINGS AND I THINK IT

420
00:13:13,966 --> 00:13:15,100
REALLY RESONATED WITH ME BECAUSE

421
00:13:15,100 --> 00:13:16,101
ONE OF THE THINGS I THINK THAT

422
00:13:16,101 --> 00:13:19,938
IS REALLY UNIQUE ABOUT MOVEMENTS

423
00:13:19,938 --> 00:13:21,106
IS THAT THEY WORK BY

424
00:13:21,106 --> 00:13:22,007
TRANSFORMING PEOPLE, THAT THEY

425
00:13:22,007 --> 00:13:23,308
WORK NOT BY TRYING TO SELL

426
00:13:23,308 --> 00:13:24,276
PEOPLE PRODUCTS THAT THEY

427
00:13:24,276 --> 00:13:26,478
ALREADY WANT OR SOMETHING LIKE

428
00:13:26,478 --> 00:13:28,447
THAT, BUT THEY'RE TRYING TO SORT

429
00:13:28,447 --> 00:13:29,882
OF TRANSFORM PEOPLE'S ABILITY TO

430
00:13:29,882 --> 00:13:31,316
BECOME ARCHITECTS OF THEIR OWN

431
00:13:31,316 --> 00:13:31,650
FUTURE.

432
00:13:31,650 --> 00:13:32,918
AND THAT'S WHAT I THINK I REALLY

433
00:13:32,918 --> 00:13:34,353
LOVED ABOUT THAT EXPERIENCE OF

434
00:13:34,353 --> 00:13:36,488
BEING INVOLVED IN ACTIVISM IN

435
00:13:36,488 --> 00:13:37,956
COLLEGE, AND REALLY

436
00:13:37,956 --> 00:13:38,824
UNDERSTANDING FOR THE FIRST TIME

437
00:13:38,824 --> 00:13:41,293
WHAT IT MEANT TO BE A PERSON

438
00:13:41,293 --> 00:13:42,394
ACTING WITH DIGNITY IN THE

439
00:13:42,394 --> 00:13:45,063
PUBLIC SPHERE, AND SO I THINK

440
00:13:45,063 --> 00:13:46,532
ONE WAY TO KIND OF CHARACTERIZE

441
00:13:46,532 --> 00:13:48,801
MY CAREER IS AFTER HAVING HAD

442
00:13:48,801 --> 00:13:50,002
THAT EXPERIENCE MYSELF, I SPENT

443
00:13:50,002 --> 00:13:51,537
THE REST OF MY CAREER TRYING TO

444
00:13:51,537 --> 00:13:52,638
UNDERSTAND WHAT MADE THAT

445
00:13:52,638 --> 00:13:53,939
EXPERIENCE SO INTOXICATING AND

446
00:13:53,939 --> 00:13:56,341
SO MAGICAL, AND THEN HOW DO WE

447
00:13:56,341 --> 00:13:57,543
RE-CREATE IT FOR OTHER PEOPLE,

448
00:13:57,543 --> 00:13:58,744
HOW DO WE MAKE SURE THAT PEOPLE

449
00:13:58,744 --> 00:14:01,713
OF ALL BACKGROUNDS AND ALL KINDS

450
00:14:01,713 --> 00:14:02,781
HAVE THAT ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND

451
00:14:02,781 --> 00:14:04,883
WHAT IT MEANS TO BE ABLE TO BE A

452
00:14:04,883 --> 00:14:06,018
PERSON WHO ACTS WITH DIGNITY,

453
00:14:06,018 --> 00:14:07,719
WHO CAN BE AN ARCHITECT OF THEIR

454
00:14:07,719 --> 00:14:09,087
OWN FUTURE, WHO CAN SORT OF

455
00:14:09,087 --> 00:14:10,789
PROMOTE THEIR OWN WELL-BEING AND

456
00:14:10,789 --> 00:14:11,657
THE WELL-BEING OF THE PEOPLE

457
00:14:11,657 --> 00:14:13,492
THAT THEY LOVE.

458
00:14:13,492 --> 00:14:17,029
AND SO THAT'S A LOT OF THE

459
00:14:17,029 --> 00:14:20,199
RESEARCH THAT I DO AND SO I

460
00:14:20,199 --> 00:14:22,601
THINK THAT CERTAINLY BEING AN

461
00:14:22,601 --> 00:14:24,336
ASIAN WOMAN HAS DEFINITELY

462
00:14:24,336 --> 00:14:26,104
SHAPED THAT CAREER IN PART JUST

463
00:14:26,104 --> 00:14:29,908
BECAUSE IT SHAPES WHO I AM, THE

464
00:14:29,908 --> 00:14:31,009
VALUES AND PRINCIPLES I BRING TO

465
00:14:31,009 --> 00:14:31,443
THIS WORK.

466
00:14:31,443 --> 00:14:32,544
I THINK ANY OF US DOING THIS

467
00:14:32,544 --> 00:14:34,413
KIND OF WORK IN THE PUBLIC

468
00:14:34,413 --> 00:14:36,381
SPHERE, YOU HAVE TO HAVE A SET

469
00:14:36,381 --> 00:14:37,483
OF PRINCIPLES TO HELP YOU

470
00:14:37,483 --> 00:14:38,817
NAVIGATE ALL THE UNCERTAINTY

471
00:14:38,817 --> 00:14:42,087
THAT'S OUT THERE.

472
00:14:42,087 --> 00:14:43,388
SO I THINK JUST HAVING THAT

473
00:14:43,388 --> 00:14:44,890
COMPASS FROM MY PARENTS AND

474
00:14:44,890 --> 00:14:45,991
GRANDPARENTS REALLY SHAPED THE

475
00:14:45,991 --> 00:14:47,226
WAY IN WHICH I COME TO THIS WORK

476
00:14:47,226 --> 00:14:49,862
AND THE WAY IN WHICH I WANT TO

477
00:14:49,862 --> 00:14:51,697
PARTNER WITH THE DIFFERENT

478
00:14:51,697 --> 00:14:52,664
COMMUNITIES WE TRY TO WORK WITH

479
00:14:52,664 --> 00:14:55,968
IN OUR RESEARCH.

480
00:14:55,968 --> 00:14:56,735
>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

481
00:14:56,735 --> 00:14:58,203
I REALLY CAN APPRECIATE THAT

482
00:14:58,203 --> 00:14:59,338
THREAD WHEN YOU DESCRIBE YOUR

483
00:14:59,338 --> 00:15:00,506
FAMILY BACKGROUND AND SOME OF

484
00:15:00,506 --> 00:15:02,841
THE THINGS THAT YOU SHARED IN

485
00:15:02,841 --> 00:15:03,876
TERMS OF THE IDEA OF

486
00:15:03,876 --> 00:15:04,710
TRANSFORMATION AND HOW FOR YOU,

487
00:15:04,710 --> 00:15:06,245
THAT SEEMS TO BE A THREAD THAT

488
00:15:06,245 --> 00:15:08,881
STARTED FROM YOUR CHILD

489
00:15:08,881 --> 00:15:09,615
EXPERIENCE, CARRYING THAT

490
00:15:09,615 --> 00:15:11,149
FORWARD INTO YOUR WORK, AND I

491
00:15:11,149 --> 00:15:12,484
THINK IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO

492
00:15:12,484 --> 00:15:13,452
THINK ABOUT THE SOCIAL

493
00:15:13,452 --> 00:15:14,119
MOVEMENTS.

494
00:15:14,119 --> 00:15:15,754
WE SEE THEM HAPPENING ALL AROUND

495
00:15:15,754 --> 00:15:16,955
US, BUT I THINK THAT THAT IS

496
00:15:16,955 --> 00:15:18,924
IMPORTANT TO THINK ABOUT IT AS

497
00:15:18,924 --> 00:15:21,994
ANOTHER FORM OF HELPING PEOPLE

498
00:15:21,994 --> 00:15:22,361
TRANSFORM.

499
00:15:22,361 --> 00:15:23,428
SO I CAN REALLY APPRECIATE THAT,

500
00:15:23,428 --> 00:15:24,730
THAT'S REALLY FANTASTIC.

501
00:15:24,730 --> 00:15:28,333
WE'RE GOING TO TALK A BIT

502
00:15:28,333 --> 00:15:29,301
ABOUT -- MY NEXT SET OF

503
00:15:29,301 --> 00:15:30,669
QUESTIONS IS REALLY JUST FOCUSED

504
00:15:30,669 --> 00:15:31,837
ON THE THEME FOR THIS YEAR,

505
00:15:31,837 --> 00:15:33,138
WHICH AGAIN IS ON FOSTERING

506
00:15:33,138 --> 00:15:35,440
SOCIAL CONNECTION TO ENHANCE

507
00:15:35,440 --> 00:15:36,542
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING.

508
00:15:36,542 --> 00:15:37,743
AND I SUPPOSE SOME FORM OF

509
00:15:37,743 --> 00:15:38,610
WEALTH.

510
00:15:38,610 --> 00:15:40,779
AND YOU KNOW, DR. MURTHY, YOU'VE

511
00:15:40,779 --> 00:15:42,247
FOCUSED A LOT ON THIS, AND SO I

512
00:15:42,247 --> 00:15:43,982
WANT TO POINT TO SOME RESEARCH

513
00:15:43,982 --> 00:15:46,151
AND SOME RECENT FINDINGS TO ASK

514
00:15:46,151 --> 00:15:50,556
FOR YOUR ELABORATION.

515
00:15:50,556 --> 00:15:51,323
THE SUBSTANCE USE AND MENTAL

516
00:15:51,323 --> 00:15:54,493
HEALTH SERVICE ADMINISTRATION IN

517
00:15:54,493 --> 00:15:56,194
2022 CONDUCTED A NATIONAL SURVEY

518
00:15:56,194 --> 00:15:57,529
ON DRUG USE AND HEALTH.

519
00:15:57,529 --> 00:16:00,832
AND AMONG THE FINDINGS WAS THAT

520
00:16:00,832 --> 00:16:02,367
ASIAN ADULTS WITH A MENTAL

521
00:16:02,367 --> 00:16:04,903
ILLNESS WERE 55% LESS LIKELY TO

522
00:16:04,903 --> 00:16:07,372
RECEIVE TREATMENT COMPARED WITH

523
00:16:07,372 --> 00:16:08,674
RESPONDENTS WHO SELF-IDENTIFIED

524
00:16:08,674 --> 00:16:12,778
AS WHITE OR OF MULTIPLE RACIAL

525
00:16:12,778 --> 00:16:13,712
BACKGROUNDS.

526
00:16:13,712 --> 00:16:14,646
SO I'M INTERESTED IN YOUR

527
00:16:14,646 --> 00:16:15,480
THOUGHT ON THIS FINDING.

528
00:16:15,480 --> 00:16:18,216
FOR EXAMPLE, IS THIS RELATED TO

529
00:16:18,216 --> 00:16:20,719
SYSTEMIC STRUCTURAL FACTORS,

530
00:16:20,719 --> 00:16:22,821
ACCESS, OR CULTURAL FACTORS

531
00:16:22,821 --> 00:16:24,122
IMPACTING PERCEPTIONS OF MENTAL

532
00:16:24,122 --> 00:16:27,392
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, PERHAPS?

533
00:16:27,392 --> 00:16:30,562
>> WELL, I DO THINK IT'S
-- AND

534
00:16:30,562 --> 00:16:32,764
PLEASE CALL ME VIVEK, I'M VERY

535
00:16:32,764 --> 00:16:33,966
INFORMAL, SO YOU CAN JUST CALL

536
00:16:33,966 --> 00:16:35,167
ME BY MY FIRST NAME.

537
00:16:35,167 --> 00:16:36,702
I STILL THINK OF DR. MURTHY AS

538
00:16:36,702 --> 00:16:38,103
MY FATHER SO I'M THINKING ABOUT

539
00:16:38,103 --> 00:16:38,870
HIM WHENEVER PEOPLE USE THAT

540
00:16:38,870 --> 00:16:39,771
WORD.

541
00:16:39,771 --> 00:16:41,506
BUT I THINK THERE ARE ACTUALLY A

542
00:16:41,506 --> 00:16:42,841
FEW INTERESTING THINGS MIND

543
00:16:42,841 --> 00:16:44,543
THAT, THIS DISPARITY THAT YOU

544
00:16:44,543 --> 00:16:45,110
MENTION.

545
00:16:45,110 --> 00:16:47,746
I THINK FIRST OF ALL IT'S REALLY

546
00:16:47,746 --> 00:16:48,747
STRIKING THAT ASIAN AMERICANS

547
00:16:48,747 --> 00:16:50,349
ARE SO MUCH LESS LIKELY TO

548
00:16:50,349 --> 00:16:52,117
RECEIVE TREATMENT, AND I THINK

549
00:16:52,117 --> 00:16:53,685
AT LEAST A FEW OF THE FACTORS I

550
00:16:53,685 --> 00:16:56,054
WOULD CONSIDER IS THAT NUMBER

551
00:16:56,054 --> 00:16:57,489
ONE, I THINK MANY OF US FROM THE

552
00:16:57,489 --> 00:16:59,358
COMMUNITY KNOW THAT WE STILL

553
00:16:59,358 --> 00:17:01,960
HAVE A LOT OF CULTURAL STIGMA

554
00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:02,828
AROUND TALKING ABOUT MENTAL

555
00:17:02,828 --> 00:17:04,396
ILLNESS.

556
00:17:04,396 --> 00:17:06,999
THE SECOND THING TO RECOGNIZE IS

557
00:17:06,999 --> 00:17:08,567
THAT I THINK MANY PEOPLE IN THE

558
00:17:08,567 --> 00:17:10,802
COMMUNITY KNOW, IT'S NOT A

559
00:17:10,802 --> 00:17:11,703
MONOLITHIC COMMUNITY, THERE ARE

560
00:17:11,703 --> 00:17:12,771
MANY PARTS OF THE ASIAN AMERICAN

561
00:17:12,771 --> 00:17:14,806
COMMUNITY WHICH ARE, SO MAY NOT

562
00:17:14,806 --> 00:17:17,609
BE SO WELL OFF, MAY BE FROM A

563
00:17:17,609 --> 00:17:20,012
LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC SORT OF

564
00:17:20,012 --> 00:17:21,546
STATUS, AND MAY NOT -- MAY HAVE

565
00:17:21,546 --> 00:17:23,382
A LOT OF THE BARRIERS THAT OTHER

566
00:17:23,382 --> 00:17:25,250
COMMUNITIES FACE, YOU KNOW, IN

567
00:17:25,250 --> 00:17:27,085
LOWER SES COMMUNITIES IN TERMS

568
00:17:27,085 --> 00:17:30,055
OF NOT HAVING ACCESS TO CARE OR

569
00:17:30,055 --> 00:17:31,823
HAVING MORE OBSTACLES TO

570
00:17:31,823 --> 00:17:33,625
ACTUALLY GETTING TO A CLINIC,

571
00:17:33,625 --> 00:17:34,860
NOT BEING ABLE TO AFFORD SOME OF

572
00:17:34,860 --> 00:17:37,829
THE CHARGES THAT MAY COME WITH

573
00:17:37,829 --> 00:17:39,264
SEEKING OUT REGULAR CARE.

574
00:17:39,264 --> 00:17:40,666
BUT I THINK ON TOP OF ALL OF

575
00:17:40,666 --> 00:17:42,868
THAT, YOU HAVE TO ADD IN

576
00:17:42,868 --> 00:17:44,302
LANGUAGE BARRIERS, WHICH I THINK

577
00:17:44,302 --> 00:17:46,138
ARE REAL, AND OFTEN PREVENT

578
00:17:46,138 --> 00:17:47,506
PEOPLE NOT JUST FROM BEING ABLE

579
00:17:47,506 --> 00:17:49,241
TO GET CARE BUT FROM EVEN ASKING

580
00:17:49,241 --> 00:17:51,410
FOR HELP IN THE FIRST PLACE.

581
00:17:51,410 --> 00:17:53,245
AND THEN FINALLY, I THINK FROM A

582
00:17:53,245 --> 00:17:55,747
CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE, I THINK

583
00:17:55,747 --> 00:17:56,982
THE MORE WE UNDERSTAND ABOUT

584
00:17:56,982 --> 00:17:58,283
THINGS LIKE ANXIETY AND

585
00:17:58,283 --> 00:17:59,384
DEPRESSION, WE REALIZE THAT

586
00:17:59,384 --> 00:18:01,019
THESE SHOW UP A LITTLE

587
00:18:01,019 --> 00:18:02,220
DIFFERENTLY IN DIFFERENT

588
00:18:02,220 --> 00:18:02,854
CULTURAL CONTEXTS.

589
00:18:02,854 --> 00:18:05,857
SO THE WAY THAT -- LIKE I THINK

590
00:18:05,857 --> 00:18:07,793
ABOUT MEMBERS OF MY FAMILY, FOR

591
00:18:07,793 --> 00:18:09,428
EXAMPLE, OF MY PARENTS'

592
00:18:09,428 --> 00:18:11,196
GENERATION, WHO HAVE STRUGGLED

593
00:18:11,196 --> 00:18:13,265
WITH DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, AND

594
00:18:13,265 --> 00:18:14,299
I REALIZE THAT THE SYMPTOMS WERE

595
00:18:14,299 --> 00:18:15,667
A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT THAN WHAT

596
00:18:15,667 --> 00:18:18,103
I HAD LEARNED IN MEDICAL SCHOOL.

597
00:18:18,103 --> 00:18:19,438
AGAIN YOU'D HAVE TO KNOW SORT OF

598
00:18:19,438 --> 00:18:20,806
THE RIGHT QUESTIONS TO ASK, AND

599
00:18:20,806 --> 00:18:23,709
THEY MAY NOT, FOR EXAMPLE,

600
00:18:23,709 --> 00:18:24,743
HAVE -- ESPECIALLY WHEN I THINK

601
00:18:24,743 --> 00:18:26,545
ABOUT MY PARENTS' GENERATION WHO

602
00:18:26,545 --> 00:18:27,946
CAME HERE AS IMMIGRANTS AND WERE

603
00:18:27,946 --> 00:18:29,448
VERY DRIVEN TO DO THEIR WORK AND

604
00:18:29,448 --> 00:18:30,682
FELT LIKE THEY NEEDED TO DO THAT

605
00:18:30,682 --> 00:18:32,684
FOR THE SURVIVAL OF THEIR

606
00:18:32,684 --> 00:18:33,618
FAMILIES, ET CETERA, SO WHEN

607
00:18:33,618 --> 00:18:34,920
THEY WERE STRUGGLING WITH

608
00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:36,455
DEPRESSION IT DIDN'T ALWAYS SHOW

609
00:18:36,455 --> 00:18:37,656
UP AS A LACK OF INTEREST IN

610
00:18:37,656 --> 00:18:38,123
THEIR WORK.

611
00:18:38,123 --> 00:18:39,658
IF YOU ASKED THEM THAT QUESTION,

612
00:18:39,658 --> 00:18:40,625
FOR EXAMPLE, LIKE ARE YOU

613
00:18:40,625 --> 00:18:43,662
FEELING LESS INTERESTED IN WORK

614
00:18:43,662 --> 00:18:46,398
OR LESS INCLINED TO GO TO WORK,

615
00:18:46,398 --> 00:18:47,399
MY PARENTS WOULDN'T UNDERSTAND

616
00:18:47,399 --> 00:18:48,800
THAT QUESTION.

617
00:18:48,800 --> 00:18:49,735
LIKE THEY WOULDN'T QUITE KNOW

618
00:18:49,735 --> 00:18:50,469
WHAT YOU MEANT.

619
00:18:50,469 --> 00:18:51,570
THEY WOULD SAY, WELL, OF COURSE

620
00:18:51,570 --> 00:18:52,637
WE WOULD GO TO WORK.

621
00:18:52,637 --> 00:18:53,805
THAT'S WHAT WE HAVE TO DO.

622
00:18:53,805 --> 00:18:55,474
YOU KNOW, IT'S SORT OF ENGRAINED

623
00:18:55,474 --> 00:18:56,241
IN THEM CULTURALLY.

624
00:18:56,241 --> 00:18:58,210
SO I DO THINK UNDERSTANDING THAT

625
00:18:58,210 --> 00:18:59,311
CULTURAL CONTEXT MATTERS WHEN

626
00:18:59,311 --> 00:19:00,946
YOU'RE A CLINICIAN, AND YOU'RE

627
00:19:00,946 --> 00:19:01,379
SCREENING SOMEBODY.

628
00:19:01,379 --> 00:19:03,482
IT ALSO MATTERS IF YOU'RE A

629
00:19:03,482 --> 00:19:06,084
FRIEND, YOU KNOW, A WELL WISHER

630
00:19:06,084 --> 00:19:10,255
WHO MAY HAVE A NEIGHBOR, A BUDDY

631
00:19:10,255 --> 00:19:11,890
IN THE AAPI COMMUNITY.

632
00:19:11,890 --> 00:19:13,091
IT'S JUST IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE

633
00:19:13,091 --> 00:19:14,126
THAT THESE SYMPTOMS PRESENT A

634
00:19:14,126 --> 00:19:16,628
LITTLE BIT DIFFERENTLY GIVEN

635
00:19:16,628 --> 00:19:18,263
DIFFERENT CULTURAL CONTEXTS.

636
00:19:18,263 --> 00:19:22,067
>> THANK YOU FOR THAT VERY

637
00:19:22,067 --> 00:19:23,068
IMPORTANT -- I STRONGLY SUGGEST

638
00:19:23,068 --> 00:19:25,537
TO OUR AUDIENCE THAT THEY READ

639
00:19:25,537 --> 00:19:27,806
AND REFERENCE THE 2023 U.S.

640
00:19:27,806 --> 00:19:29,441
SURGEON GENERAL'S ADVISORY ON

641
00:19:29,441 --> 00:19:32,244
THE HEALING EFFECTS OF SOCIAL

642
00:19:32,244 --> 00:19:33,245
CONNECTION AND COMMUNITY.

643
00:19:33,245 --> 00:19:34,646
IT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT SEMINAL

644
00:19:34,646 --> 00:19:37,149
PIECE OF WORK.

645
00:19:37,149 --> 00:19:38,683
SO ONE OF THE DATA POINTS IN

646
00:19:38,683 --> 00:19:41,386
THAT ADVISORY IS THAT ACROSS

647
00:19:41,386 --> 00:19:43,188
STUDIES, THE DATA INDICATE THAT

648
00:19:43,188 --> 00:19:45,123
SOCIAL CONNECTIONS INCREASE

649
00:19:45,123 --> 00:19:47,225
SURVIVAL ODDS BY 50%.

650
00:19:47,225 --> 00:19:48,760
AND WE KNOW THAT MANY

651
00:19:48,760 --> 00:19:50,529
INDIVIDUALS IN THE U.S. FACE

652
00:19:50,529 --> 00:19:52,397
SOCIAL ISOLATION BECAUSE FOR

653
00:19:52,397 --> 00:19:53,799
EXAMPLE, THEY HAVE CHALLENGES

654
00:19:53,799 --> 00:19:55,300
BUILDING SOCIAL CONNECTIONS AND

655
00:19:55,300 --> 00:19:56,535
MAINTAINING THEM, AND THERE'S A

656
00:19:56,535 --> 00:19:57,936
QUESTION FROM THE AUDIENCE THAT

657
00:19:57,936 --> 00:19:59,171
VERY MUCH RELATES TO THIS TOPIC.

658
00:19:59,171 --> 00:20:00,672
SO I WANT TO MAKE SURE WE CAN

659
00:20:00,672 --> 00:20:01,239
INCORPORATE IT.

660
00:20:01,239 --> 00:20:03,175
SO WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THIS VERY

661
00:20:03,175 --> 00:20:04,643
SERIOUS ISSUE OF SOCIAL

662
00:20:04,643 --> 00:20:06,478
ISOLATION AND CONNECTEDNESS, A

663
00:20:06,478 --> 00:20:07,579
QUESTION THAT COMES IN FROM THE

664
00:20:07,579 --> 00:20:09,981
AUDIENCE IS, WHAT TYPES OF

665
00:20:09,981 --> 00:20:12,284
INTERVENTIONS ARE BEING

666
00:20:12,284 --> 00:20:14,119
CONDUCTED OR PROMOTED IN ORDER

667
00:20:14,119 --> 00:20:15,787
TO COMBAT SOCIAL ISOLATION AND

668
00:20:15,787 --> 00:20:16,087
LONELINESS?

669
00:20:16,087 --> 00:20:17,689
AND HOW DO WE INTERVENE AMONGST

670
00:20:17,689 --> 00:20:20,025
A RANGE OF AGES, CULTURES, AND

671
00:20:20,025 --> 00:20:24,196
SOCIAL NORMS?

672
00:20:24,196 --> 00:20:26,731
AND THAT'S A QUESTION FOR VIVEK

673
00:20:26,731 --> 00:20:35,674
TO START.

674
00:20:35,674 --> 00:20:38,176
>> TO ADDRESS LONELINESS
AND

675
00:20:38,176 --> 00:20:39,511
ISOLATION, I THINK THERE ARE A

676
00:20:39,511 --> 00:20:40,712
NUMBER OF PROGRAMS THAT WE'RE

677
00:20:40,712 --> 00:20:41,913
SEEING BUILD AND DEVELOP AROUND

678
00:20:41,913 --> 00:20:43,248
THE COUNTRY, ESPECIALLY OVER THE

679
00:20:43,248 --> 00:20:44,983
LAST COUPLE OF YEARS.

680
00:20:44,983 --> 00:20:46,184
BUT THERE'S CERTAINLY NEED FOR A

681
00:20:46,184 --> 00:20:46,818
LOT MORE.

682
00:20:46,818 --> 00:20:49,688
I'LL SAY ON A POLICY LEVEL, THAT

683
00:20:49,688 --> 00:20:52,190
WHAT WE'VE SEEN IS WE'VE SEEN A

684
00:20:52,190 --> 00:20:54,826
GROWING NUMBER OF FEDERAL LEDGE

685
00:20:54,826 --> 00:20:55,927
LEGISLATORS AS WELL AS STATE

686
00:20:55,927 --> 00:20:57,696
LEGISLATORS START TO PUT FORWARD

687
00:20:57,696 --> 00:20:59,431
BILLS AND MEASURES THAT WOULD

688
00:20:59,431 --> 00:21:01,366
CREATE REAL TANGIBLE INVESTMENTS

689
00:21:01,366 --> 00:21:03,134
IN BOTH MEASURING AND

690
00:21:03,134 --> 00:21:04,436
UNDERSTANDING LONELINESS,

691
00:21:04,436 --> 00:21:06,404
INVESTING RESEARCH, BUT ALSO IN

692
00:21:06,404 --> 00:21:07,405
SUPPORTING COMMUNITY PROGRAMS

693
00:21:07,405 --> 00:21:09,407
THAT WILL HELP TO BRING

694
00:21:09,407 --> 00:21:11,176
COMMUNITY MEMBERS TOGETHER TO

695
00:21:11,176 --> 00:21:12,744
CULTIVATE HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS.

696
00:21:12,744 --> 00:21:14,279
AT A MORE COMMUNITY LEVEL, WHAT

697
00:21:14,279 --> 00:21:16,815
WE'RE SEEING IS THAT THERE ARE

698
00:21:16,815 --> 00:21:18,683
MORE SCHOOLS THAT ARE

699
00:21:18,683 --> 00:21:19,985
RECOGNIZING THAT EQUIPPING YOUNG

700
00:21:19,985 --> 00:21:21,519
PEOPLE WITH THE TOOLS TO

701
00:21:21,519 --> 00:21:23,355
UNDERSTAND THEIR EMOTIONS, TO

702
00:21:23,355 --> 00:21:24,789
MANAGE THEIR EMOTIONS, TO

703
00:21:24,789 --> 00:21:26,191
UNDERSTAND THE EMOTIONS OF OTHER

704
00:21:26,191 --> 00:21:28,760
PEOPLE AND BUILD HEALTHY

705
00:21:28,760 --> 00:21:29,527
RELATIONSHIPS, THE PROGRAMS TO

706
00:21:29,527 --> 00:21:32,097
DO THIS, INCLUDING SOCIAL

707
00:21:32,097 --> 00:21:33,531
EMOTIONAL LEARNING PROGRAMS,

708
00:21:33,531 --> 00:21:34,833
THESE AREN'T LUXURIES ANYMORE.

709
00:21:34,833 --> 00:21:37,168
THEY'RE BECOMING NECESSITIES.

710
00:21:37,168 --> 00:21:39,671
AND ESPECIALLY AS WE THINK ABOUT

711
00:21:39,671 --> 00:21:41,072
A WORLD IN WHICH INCREASINGLY

712
00:21:41,072 --> 00:21:42,941
YOUNG PEOPLE ARE ONLINE AND

713
00:21:42,941 --> 00:21:44,676
RELATIONSHIPS ARE SHIFTED ONLINE

714
00:21:44,676 --> 00:21:47,212
FROM WHAT USED TO BE IN-PERSON

715
00:21:47,212 --> 00:21:47,812
RELATIONSHIPS, WHEN WE THINK

716
00:21:47,812 --> 00:21:48,980
ABOUT THE CHALLENGE OF THE

717
00:21:48,980 --> 00:21:51,049
PANDEMIC AND HOW THAT FIRST YEAR

718
00:21:51,049 --> 00:21:53,218
IN PARTICULAR, WHEN THERE WAS A

719
00:21:53,218 --> 00:21:54,119
SIGNIFICANT SEPARATION AND

720
00:21:54,119 --> 00:21:55,186
ISOLATION AMONG PEOPLE, THAT

721
00:21:55,186 --> 00:21:57,155
REALLY IMPACTED THE SOCIAL

722
00:21:57,155 --> 00:21:59,557
DEVELOPMENT OF MANY CHILDREN,

723
00:21:59,557 --> 00:22:01,092
AND GIVEN THOSE FACTORS IN

724
00:22:01,092 --> 00:22:02,861
PARTICULAR, WE CAN'T JUST ASSUME

725
00:22:02,861 --> 00:22:04,062
THAT YOUNG PEOPLE ARE GOING TO

726
00:22:04,062 --> 00:22:06,264
GROW UP WITH A STRONG SKILLSET

727
00:22:06,264 --> 00:22:08,466
WHEN IT COMES TO NAVIGATING

728
00:22:08,466 --> 00:22:09,434
RELATIONSHIPS, BUILDING THEM,

729
00:22:09,434 --> 00:22:11,937
MAINTAINING THEM, AND

730
00:22:11,937 --> 00:22:12,404
NEGOTIATING CONFLICT.

731
00:22:12,404 --> 00:22:13,672
AND SO THESE KIND OF PROGRAMS

732
00:22:13,672 --> 00:22:15,307
WHICH WE'RE SEEING MORE AND MORE

733
00:22:15,307 --> 00:22:16,675
IN SCHOOLS, I THINK ARE REALLY

734
00:22:16,675 --> 00:22:17,342
IMPORTANT.

735
00:22:17,342 --> 00:22:19,044
THE LAST COUPLE THINGS I'LL

736
00:22:19,044 --> 00:22:20,779
MENTION IS WE'RE ALSO SEEING

737
00:22:20,779 --> 00:22:22,447
STUDENTS THEMSELVES STEP UP TO

738
00:22:22,447 --> 00:22:24,182
BUILD PROGRAMS IN THEIR

739
00:22:24,182 --> 00:22:25,717
COMMUNITIES THAT HELP BRING EACH

740
00:22:25,717 --> 00:22:26,184
OTHER TOGETHER.

741
00:22:26,184 --> 00:22:29,955
I THINK ABOUT THE -- DIFFERENCES

742
00:22:29,955 --> 00:22:32,290
PROGRAM THAT DPAN IN MARIN

743
00:22:32,290 --> 00:22:33,692
COUNTY, SAN FRANCISCO, HAS NOW

744
00:22:33,692 --> 00:22:35,160
SPREAD TO OVER 10,000 SCHOOLS,

745
00:22:35,160 --> 00:22:36,695
WHICH ESSENTIALLY ENTAILS HIGH

746
00:22:36,695 --> 00:22:38,530
SCHOOL STUDENTS MENTORING MIDDLE

747
00:22:38,530 --> 00:22:40,031
SCHOOL STUDENTS AS THOSE

748
00:22:40,031 --> 00:22:43,234
STUDENTS THEN SEEK TO BRING IN

749
00:22:43,234 --> 00:22:44,502
YOUNG MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO

750
00:22:44,502 --> 00:22:46,404
ARE LONELY OR ISOLATED INTO A

751
00:22:46,404 --> 00:22:47,405
FOLD, INTO A COMMUNITY.

752
00:22:47,405 --> 00:22:48,340
THAT'S A VERY POWERFUL WAY THAT

753
00:22:48,340 --> 00:22:49,975
YOU CANNOT ONLY ADDRESS

754
00:22:49,975 --> 00:22:51,209
LONELINESS, BUT DO IT IN A WAY

755
00:22:51,209 --> 00:22:52,510
THAT EMPOWERS YOUNG PEOPLE.

756
00:22:52,510 --> 00:22:54,245
BUT THERE ARE ALSO OTHER

757
00:22:54,245 --> 00:22:55,680
MOVEMENTS AS WELL.

758
00:22:55,680 --> 00:22:57,215
THERE'S A GROUP CALLED THE

759
00:22:57,215 --> 00:23:00,285
LOGOFF MOVEMENT WHICH WAS

760
00:23:00,285 --> 00:23:02,320
STARTED BY STUDENTS WHICH IS

761
00:23:02,320 --> 00:23:04,422
ACTUALLY WORKING TO HELP YOUNG

762
00:23:04,422 --> 00:23:05,857
PEOPLE MANAGE THEIR USE OF

763
00:23:05,857 --> 00:23:07,826
SOCIAL MEDIA SO THEY CAN

764
00:23:07,826 --> 00:23:09,561
ACTUALLY BUILD IN PERSON HEALTHY

765
00:23:09,561 --> 00:23:11,229
RELATIONSHIPS MORE READILY, AND

766
00:23:11,229 --> 00:23:12,530
MANY OF THEM ARE ABLE TO DO.

767
00:23:12,530 --> 00:23:14,099
SO LIKE THIS, WE ARE SEEING MORE

768
00:23:14,099 --> 00:23:15,500
AND MORE PROGRAMS CROP UP,

769
00:23:15,500 --> 00:23:17,869
WHETHER THEY'RE THE ONES I

770
00:23:17,869 --> 00:23:22,807
MENTIONED, AND EVEN

771
00:23:22,807 --> 00:23:24,142
WORKPLACE-BASED PROGRAMS WHERE

772
00:23:24,142 --> 00:23:25,877
MANAGERS AND WORKPLACES ARE

773
00:23:25,877 --> 00:23:26,845
REALIZING THAT WHEN PEOPLE ARE

774
00:23:26,845 --> 00:23:28,079
MORE CONNECTED TO ONE ANOTHER,

775
00:23:28,079 --> 00:23:30,248
IT ACTUALLY INCREASES AND

776
00:23:30,248 --> 00:23:32,217
IMPROVES THEIR CREATIVITY, THEIR

777
00:23:32,217 --> 00:23:33,685
PRODUCTIVITY, THEIR ENGAGEMENT

778
00:23:33,685 --> 00:23:34,819
IN THE WORKPLACE, SO WHILE ALL

779
00:23:34,819 --> 00:23:36,488
THIS IS VERY PROMISING, ONE OF

780
00:23:36,488 --> 00:23:38,023
MY HOPES LAST YEAR WHEN WE

781
00:23:38,023 --> 00:23:40,191
ISSUED THE ADVISORY IS THAT WE

782
00:23:40,191 --> 00:23:41,726
COULD TAKE A MORE SYSTEMATIC

783
00:23:41,726 --> 00:23:43,595
APPROACH TO THIS WORK, THAT WE

784
00:23:43,595 --> 00:23:45,130
COULD TRY TO RESET WHAT THE NORM

785
00:23:45,130 --> 00:23:45,663
SHOULD BE.

786
00:23:45,663 --> 00:23:46,998
SO JUST LIKE THE NORM IN SCHOOL

787
00:23:46,998 --> 00:23:48,299
IS YOU'D THINK WELL, A CHILD

788
00:23:48,299 --> 00:23:49,601
SHOULD LEARN HOW TO DO BASIC

789
00:23:49,601 --> 00:23:51,469
MATH AND READ AND WRITE IN

790
00:23:51,469 --> 00:23:52,871
SCHOOL, MY HOPE IS THAT OVER

791
00:23:52,871 --> 00:23:55,607
TIME, WE CAN SHIFT NORMS IN

792
00:23:55,607 --> 00:23:56,608
WORKPLACES AND SCHOOLS SUCH THAT

793
00:23:56,608 --> 00:23:58,043
BUILDING A SOCIAL CONNECTION AND

794
00:23:58,043 --> 00:23:59,778
THE SKILLS TO CREATE IT BECOMES

795
00:23:59,778 --> 00:24:03,381
PART OF THE NORM AND EDUCATION

796
00:24:03,381 --> 00:24:04,682
AND AT WORK.

797
00:24:04,682 --> 00:24:06,451
>> DR. HAN, I'M INTERESTED
IN IF

798
00:24:06,451 --> 00:24:08,319
YOU COULD OPINE A BIT, THINKING

799
00:24:08,319 --> 00:24:11,689
ABOUT HOW SOCIAL CONNECTIONS AND

800
00:24:11,689 --> 00:24:13,324
ISOLATION OR JUST OVERALL

801
00:24:13,324 --> 00:24:14,325
EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING IN THAT

802
00:24:14,325 --> 00:24:15,727
SENSE, HOW THAT CONNECTS TO YOUR

803
00:24:15,727 --> 00:24:17,162
WORK WITH SOCIAL MOVEMENTS.

804
00:24:17,162 --> 00:24:19,030
DO YOU SEE THAT THERE'S A ROLE

805
00:24:19,030 --> 00:24:21,966
FOR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN HELPING

806
00:24:21,966 --> 00:24:23,501
PEOPLE DEVELOP -- ESPECIALLY

807
00:24:23,501 --> 00:24:25,370
YOUNG PEOPLE, DEVELOPING

808
00:24:25,370 --> 00:24:27,272
MEANINGFUL SOCIAL CONNECTIONS?

809
00:24:27,272 --> 00:24:28,540
>> YEAH.

810
00:24:28,540 --> 00:24:28,873
DEFINITELY.

811
00:24:28,873 --> 00:24:30,408
I CAN DEFINITELY OPINE ABOUT

812
00:24:30,408 --> 00:24:32,510
LOTS OF THINGS, INCLUDING THIS.

813
00:24:32,510 --> 00:24:34,245
AND SO YEAH, JUST TO BUILD ON

814
00:24:34,245 --> 00:24:36,081
WHAT VIVEK WAS SAYING, YOU KNOW,

815
00:24:36,081 --> 00:24:38,316
I THINK AS A SOCIAL SCIENTIST, I

816
00:24:38,316 --> 00:24:40,051
JUST WANT TO START BY THINKING

817
00:24:40,051 --> 00:24:41,252
ABOUT WHAT ARE THE KINDS OF

818
00:24:41,252 --> 00:24:42,220
SOCIAL CONNECTIONS THAT WE WANT

819
00:24:42,220 --> 00:24:44,722
PEOPLE TO CREATE, AND THERE'S A

820
00:24:44,722 --> 00:24:46,057
DISTINCTION THAT SOCIAL

821
00:24:46,057 --> 00:24:47,125
PSYCHOLOGISTS MAKE BETWEEN

822
00:24:47,125 --> 00:24:48,660
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND SOCIAL

823
00:24:48,660 --> 00:24:49,861
RELATIONSHIPS.

824
00:24:49,861 --> 00:24:51,763
AND SO I GO THROUGH MY DAY AND I

825
00:24:51,763 --> 00:24:52,931
HAVE INTERACTIONS WITH LOTS OF

826
00:24:52,931 --> 00:24:54,032
DIFFERENT KINDS OF PEOPLE,

827
00:24:54,032 --> 00:24:58,970
ONLINE, I READ A POST, I MIGHT

828
00:24:58,970 --> 00:25:00,038
"LIKE" IT, I MIGHT TALK TO THE

829
00:25:00,038 --> 00:25:01,072
CHECKER AT THE GROCERY STORE,

830
00:25:01,072 --> 00:25:01,673
THINGS LIKE THAT.

831
00:25:01,673 --> 00:25:03,041
THOSE ARE ALL SOCIAL

832
00:25:03,041 --> 00:25:04,309
INTERACTIONS, BUT A RELATIONSHIP

833
00:25:04,309 --> 00:25:05,710
IS DISTINCT FROM AN INTERACTION

834
00:25:05,710 --> 00:25:09,681
HAVE AN EXPECTATION FOR A SHARD

835
00:25:09,681 --> 00:25:11,483
FUTURE, FOR SOMETHING THAT IS

836
00:25:11,483 --> 00:25:12,750
ONGOING, AND THAT'S WHAT

837
00:25:12,750 --> 00:25:13,518
DIFFERENTIATES A RELATIONSHIP

838
00:25:13,518 --> 00:25:15,253
FROM AN INTERACTION.

839
00:25:15,253 --> 00:25:17,889
SO OFTEN WHEN WE THINK ABOUT

840
00:25:17,889 --> 00:25:19,424
LONELINESS, WHAT WE'RE TRY DOG

841
00:25:19,424 --> 00:25:21,392
IS HELP PEOPLE BUILD SOCIAL

842
00:25:21,392 --> 00:25:22,160
RELATIONSHIPS BECAUSE WE LIVE IN

843
00:25:22,160 --> 00:25:23,595
A WORLD RIGHT NOW WHERE PEOPLE

844
00:25:23,595 --> 00:25:25,530
TEND TO HAVE LOTS OF

845
00:25:25,530 --> 00:25:26,664
INTERACTIONS BUT WE SEE THAT

846
00:25:26,664 --> 00:25:29,467
PEOPLE HAVE FEWER RELATIONSHIPS.

847
00:25:29,467 --> 00:25:32,103
AND THEN SOCIOLOGISTS ALSO MAKE

848
00:25:32,103 --> 00:25:34,072
A DISTINCTION THEN BETWEEN

849
00:25:34,072 --> 00:25:35,240
TRANSACTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AND

850
00:25:35,240 --> 00:25:36,541
WHAT WE MIGHT CALL DIFFERENT

851
00:25:36,541 --> 00:25:37,942
KINDS OF RELATIONSHIPS.

852
00:25:37,942 --> 00:25:40,111
SO A TRANSACTIONAL RELATIONSHIP

853
00:25:40,111 --> 00:25:41,513
IS A RELATIONSHIP WHERE BOTH

854
00:25:41,513 --> 00:25:43,381
PEOPLE HAVE AN EXPECTATION FOR A

855
00:25:43,381 --> 00:25:44,616
SHARED FUTURE, BUT EVERYONE IS

856
00:25:44,616 --> 00:25:46,851
TRYING TO PROTECT THEIR

857
00:25:46,851 --> 00:25:47,185
SELF-INTEREST.

858
00:25:47,185 --> 00:25:48,786
SO THIS MIGHT BE THE KIND OF

859
00:25:48,786 --> 00:25:50,054
RELATIONSHIP I HAVE WITH MY

860
00:25:50,054 --> 00:25:50,321
MECHANIC.

861
00:25:50,321 --> 00:25:52,023
I GO TO THE SAME MECHANIC, WE

862
00:25:52,023 --> 00:25:53,124
HAVE EXPECTATION FOR SHARED

863
00:25:53,124 --> 00:25:54,859
FUTURE, WE BOTH -- BUT WE'RE

864
00:25:54,859 --> 00:25:56,528
BOTH TRYING TO PROTECT OUR

865
00:25:56,528 --> 00:25:56,995
SELF-INTEREST.

866
00:25:56,995 --> 00:25:59,030
I WANT TO GET MY CAR FIXED FOR

867
00:25:59,030 --> 00:26:00,331
AS CHEAP AS POSSIBLE AND I WANTS

868
00:26:00,331 --> 00:26:01,199
TO MAKE MONEY.

869
00:26:01,199 --> 00:26:05,937
SO THAT'S A TRANSACTION NAAL

870
00:26:05,937 --> 00:26:07,338
RELATIONSHIP.

871
00:26:07,338 --> 00:26:08,206
THE KIND THAT GETS PEOPLE A

872
00:26:08,206 --> 00:26:09,841
SENSE OF FULFILLMENT, BELONGING,

873
00:26:09,841 --> 00:26:11,809
TEND TO BE WHAT WE CALL SOCIAL

874
00:26:11,809 --> 00:26:12,577
RELATIONSHIPS, WHICH MEANS THAT

875
00:26:12,577 --> 00:26:13,878
PEOPLE PUT INTO THINGS WITHOUT

876
00:26:13,878 --> 00:26:14,646
KNOWING EXACTLY WHAT THEY'RE

877
00:26:14,646 --> 00:26:15,413
GOING TO GET BACK.

878
00:26:15,413 --> 00:26:17,048
SO I HAVE A SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP

879
00:26:17,048 --> 00:26:19,017
WITH MY COLLEGE ROOMMATE, IN THE

880
00:26:19,017 --> 00:26:20,018
SENSE THAT IF SHE NEEDS

881
00:26:20,018 --> 00:26:21,419
SOMETHING, THEN I GIVE THINGS TO

882
00:26:21,419 --> 00:26:23,388
HER WITHOUT KNOWING EXACTLY WHAT

883
00:26:23,388 --> 00:26:25,356
THAT TRANSACTION IS GOING TO BE

884
00:26:25,356 --> 00:26:27,025
IN THE PAST.

885
00:26:27,025 --> 00:26:28,326
AND SO IN A LOT OF THE WORK THAT

886
00:26:28,326 --> 00:26:29,861
WE DO, WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE

887
00:26:29,861 --> 00:26:31,262
KIND OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS WE

888
00:26:31,262 --> 00:26:32,597
WANT PEOPLE TO CONSTRUCT, I LIKE

889
00:26:32,597 --> 00:26:34,732
TO THINK ABOUT IT AS SIMILAR TO

890
00:26:34,732 --> 00:26:36,734
THE WAVY VEK WAS DESCRIBING IT,

891
00:26:36,734 --> 00:26:38,836
WHAT I THINK OF AS LIKE A

892
00:26:38,836 --> 00:26:39,370
SUPPLY-SIDE PROBLEM.

893
00:26:39,370 --> 00:26:41,873
SO IT'S NOT JUST THAT PEOPLE ARE

894
00:26:41,873 --> 00:26:44,175
MORE ISOLATED, THINGS LIKE THAT,

895
00:26:44,175 --> 00:26:46,177
ALL OF WHICH IS TRUE, BUT WHAT

896
00:26:46,177 --> 00:26:47,178
IS -- THE QUESTION WE WANT TO

897
00:26:47,178 --> 00:26:48,346
ASK IS WHAT IS THE RANGE OF

898
00:26:48,346 --> 00:26:49,981
OPPORTUNITIES THAT PEOPLE ARE

899
00:26:49,981 --> 00:26:50,949
EXPOSED TO THROUGH WHICH THEY

900
00:26:50,949 --> 00:26:52,383
CAN BUILD THE KIND OF SOCIAL

901
00:26:52,383 --> 00:26:54,052
RELATIONSHIPS THAT WE KNOW HELP

902
00:26:54,052 --> 00:26:55,119
PEOPLE FEEL CONNECTED TO EACH

903
00:26:55,119 --> 00:26:57,655
OTHER.

904
00:26:57,655 --> 00:26:59,190
IF WE LIVE IN A WORLD WHERE MOST

905
00:26:59,190 --> 00:27:00,525
OF THE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES

906
00:27:00,525 --> 00:27:02,026
ONLINE AND IN SETTINGS THAT

907
00:27:02,026 --> 00:27:03,361
PROMOTE INTERACTIONS MORE THAN

908
00:27:03,361 --> 00:27:04,329
RELATIONSHIPS OR THAT PEOPLE

909
00:27:04,329 --> 00:27:06,431
ONLY HAVE RELATIONSHIP WITH

910
00:27:06,431 --> 00:27:07,498
PEOPLE WITH WHOM THEY ARE

911
00:27:07,498 --> 00:27:09,267
ENGAGED IN SOME KIND OF

912
00:27:09,267 --> 00:27:11,002
TRANSACTION, THEN YOU HAVE A

913
00:27:11,002 --> 00:27:12,103
SOCIETY OF PEOPLE THAT FEEL

914
00:27:12,103 --> 00:27:13,238
REALLY LONELY, SO THE QUESTION

915
00:27:13,238 --> 00:27:15,607
IN A WAY IS, EVEN AS WE THINK

916
00:27:15,607 --> 00:27:18,076
BEYOND CHILDHOOD INTO ADULTHOOD,

917
00:27:18,076 --> 00:27:19,444
WHAT ARE THE KINDS OF SETTINGS

918
00:27:19,444 --> 00:27:21,546
THROUGH WHICH PEOPLE BUILD THOSE

919
00:27:21,546 --> 00:27:23,815
KINDS OF ONGOING SOCIAL

920
00:27:23,815 --> 00:27:28,086
RELATIONSHIPS THAT HUMANS NEED

921
00:27:28,086 --> 00:27:30,188
SO IN THE WORK I DO, WE THINK A

922
00:27:30,188 --> 00:27:31,456
LOT OF THE KIND OF CIVIC

923
00:27:31,456 --> 00:27:32,156
INFRASTRUCTURE, PLACES WHERE

924
00:27:32,156 --> 00:27:34,192
PEOPLE GO, FAITH COMMUNITIES,

925
00:27:34,192 --> 00:27:35,727
HOBBY ORGANIZATIONS,

926
00:27:35,727 --> 00:27:37,462
RECREATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS,

927
00:27:37,462 --> 00:27:38,596
PLACES WHERE YOU MIGHT BE ABLE

928
00:27:38,596 --> 00:27:41,766
TO MEET OTHER PEOPLE WHERE

929
00:27:41,766 --> 00:27:44,269
YOU'RE NOT JUST ENGAGED IN A

930
00:27:44,269 --> 00:27:45,169
TRANSACTION BUT AN ONGOING KIND

931
00:27:45,169 --> 00:27:46,271
OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP.

932
00:27:46,271 --> 00:27:47,038
AND WE KNOW THAT THAT

933
00:27:47,038 --> 00:27:49,107
INFRASTRUCTURE IS REALLY -- HAS

934
00:27:49,107 --> 00:27:50,775
REALLY DECAYED IN THE PAST, YOU

935
00:27:50,775 --> 00:27:52,176
KNOW, FIVE, SIX, SEVEN DECADES

936
00:27:52,176 --> 00:27:53,645
IN AMERICAN LIFE, AND PART OF

937
00:27:53,645 --> 00:27:56,047
WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO IS NOT

938
00:27:56,047 --> 00:27:57,448
ONLY CHANGE PEOPLE'S BEHAVIORS

939
00:27:57,448 --> 00:27:58,650
BUT ALSO KIND OF REBUILD THAT

940
00:27:58,650 --> 00:28:02,820
KIND OF INFRASTRUCTURE.

941
00:28:02,820 --> 00:28:03,621
>> THANK YOU.

942
00:28:03,621 --> 00:28:04,155
THAT'S GREAT.

943
00:28:04,155 --> 00:28:05,156
THERE'S A QUESTION THAT'S COME

944
00:28:05,156 --> 00:28:07,125
IN FROM THE AUDIENCE THAT I WILL

945
00:28:07,125 --> 00:28:09,961
INCORPORATE, AND THIS IS ONE OF

946
00:28:09,961 --> 00:28:11,929
OUR AUDIENCE MEMBERS WHO'S

947
00:28:11,929 --> 00:28:15,199
REALLY APPRECIATING, VIVEK, SOME

948
00:28:15,199 --> 00:28:16,734
OF YOUR EXAMPLES EARLIER, SO I

949
00:28:16,734 --> 00:28:18,069
WANT TO MAKE SURE WE INCORPORATE

950
00:28:18,069 --> 00:28:18,403
IT.

951
00:28:18,403 --> 00:28:21,139
AND THE QUESTION IS, WHAT

952
00:28:21,139 --> 00:28:22,540
CONSIDERATIONS IN INTERVENTIONS,

953
00:28:22,540 --> 00:28:24,542
POLICY AND CULTURALLY COMPETENT

954
00:28:24,542 --> 00:28:26,277
PRACTICES ARE ESPECIALLY

955
00:28:26,277 --> 00:28:29,547
IMPORTANT FOR SUPPORTING THE

956
00:28:29,547 --> 00:28:30,548
SOCIAL CONNECTION SPECIFICALLY

957
00:28:30,548 --> 00:28:33,251
OF ASIAN AMERICANS, AND ALSO

958
00:28:33,251 --> 00:28:35,253
WHAT WOULD CULTURALLY COMPETENT

959
00:28:35,253 --> 00:28:36,454
INTERVENTIONS OR POLICY LOOK

960
00:28:36,454 --> 00:28:42,894
LIKE?

961
00:28:42,894 --> 00:28:45,530
>> VERY IMPORTANT
QUESTION, AND

962
00:28:45,530 --> 00:28:47,732
I THINK A FEW CONSIDERATIONS I

963
00:28:47,732 --> 00:28:48,499
THINK ARE CRITICAL.

964
00:28:48,499 --> 00:28:49,901
ONE IS WHEN YOU'RE DESIGNING

965
00:28:49,901 --> 00:28:50,768
THESE INTERVENTIONS, I THINK

966
00:28:50,768 --> 00:28:52,837
IT'S IMPORTANT TO DO SO IN

967
00:28:52,837 --> 00:28:56,174
PARTNERSHIP WITH MEMBERS OF THE

968
00:28:56,174 --> 00:28:57,275
COMMUNITY BECAUSE CULTURAL

969
00:28:57,275 --> 00:28:59,177
CONTEXT REALLY MATTERS, AND THEN

970
00:28:59,177 --> 00:29:02,680
THE SECOND, BEING ABLE TO BUILD

971
00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:04,315
REAL EVALUATION INTO THESE

972
00:29:04,315 --> 00:29:06,084
INTERVENTIONS FROM THE GET-GO IS

973
00:29:06,084 --> 00:29:06,484
REALLY ESSENTIAL.

974
00:29:06,484 --> 00:29:08,619
THERE ARE A LOT OF WELL-INTENDED

975
00:29:08,619 --> 00:29:10,221
INTERVENTIONS THAT MAY OR MAY

976
00:29:10,221 --> 00:29:12,690
NOT MAKE A BIG DIFFERENCE OR MAY

977
00:29:12,690 --> 00:29:13,958
MAKE A SHORT-TERM DIFFERENCE BUT

978
00:29:13,958 --> 00:29:15,393
NOT A SUSTAINABLE DIFFERENCE,

979
00:29:15,393 --> 00:29:16,694
AND BEING ABLE TO UNDERSTAND

980
00:29:16,694 --> 00:29:17,562
WHICH INTERVENTIONS WORK AND

981
00:29:17,562 --> 00:29:19,897
DON'T IS CRITICAL FOR LARGER

982
00:29:19,897 --> 00:29:20,965
POLICY INVESTMENTS.

983
00:29:20,965 --> 00:29:24,569
AND I THINK THAT THE PIECE THAT

984
00:29:24,569 --> 00:29:25,970
HAHRIE WAS TOUCHING ON I THINK

985
00:29:25,970 --> 00:29:27,205
IS REALLY IMPORTANT, JUST TO

986
00:29:27,205 --> 00:29:28,306
RECOGNIZE THAT THERE ARE

987
00:29:28,306 --> 00:29:30,041
DIFFERENT TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS

988
00:29:30,041 --> 00:29:32,377
THAT WE ARE TRYING TO BUILD

989
00:29:32,377 --> 00:29:32,910
HERE.

990
00:29:32,910 --> 00:29:34,078
AND YOU KNOW, THERE ARE MANY

991
00:29:34,078 --> 00:29:36,714
DIFFERENT WAYS THAT PEOPLE HAVE

992
00:29:36,714 --> 00:29:39,117
SORT OF CARVED OUT THE KIND OF

993
00:29:39,117 --> 00:29:40,084
RELATIONSHIPS THAT MATTER AND

994
00:29:40,084 --> 00:29:41,252
THEY ALL HAVE DIFFERENT SORT OF

995
00:29:41,252 --> 00:29:41,853
MERIT TO THEM.

996
00:29:41,853 --> 00:29:42,954
ONE OF THE WAYS THAT I TRY TO

997
00:29:42,954 --> 00:29:45,289
THINK ABOUT THIS VERY SIMPLY IS

998
00:29:45,289 --> 00:29:49,160
THAT WE HAVE -- YOU KNOW, AS

999
00:29:49,160 --> 00:29:52,430
HAHRIE MENTIONED, WA WE'VE GOT

1000
00:29:52,430 --> 00:29:54,432
TRANSACTION NAM RELATIONSHIPS,

1001
00:29:54,432 --> 00:29:56,067
THE PERSON WE'RE CROSSING PATHS

1002
00:29:56,067 --> 00:29:58,035
WITH ON THE SIDEWALK WHEN WE'RE

1003
00:29:58,035 --> 00:29:59,670
WALKING IN TO WORK, AND THEN WE

1004
00:29:59,670 --> 00:30:01,305
HAVE PEOPLE WHO WE RELY ON IN A

1005
00:30:01,305 --> 00:30:03,274
DEEP WAY, YOU KNOW, AS

1006
00:30:03,274 --> 00:30:04,809
CONFIDANTS, AS INTIMATE

1007
00:30:04,809 --> 00:30:07,011
PARTNERS, AS CLOSE FRIENDS.

1008
00:30:07,011 --> 00:30:08,312
ALL OF THOSE REALLY MATTER, AND

1009
00:30:08,312 --> 00:30:09,747
I THINK THE PANDEMIC WAS

1010
00:30:09,747 --> 00:30:10,615
INTERESTING BECAUSE IT WAS AN

1011
00:30:10,615 --> 00:30:11,816
EXPERIENCE I THINK THAT

1012
00:30:11,816 --> 00:30:13,351
HIGHLIGHTED FOR MANY OF US NOT

1013
00:30:13,351 --> 00:30:15,420
JUST HOW MUCH WE NEED SOCIAL

1014
00:30:15,420 --> 00:30:19,157
CONNECTION, BUT HOW EVEN THE

1015
00:30:19,157 --> 00:30:20,558
KIND OF LOOSE TIES, IF YOU WILL,

1016
00:30:20,558 --> 00:30:23,661
OR WHAT WE THINK OF AS CURSORY

1017
00:30:23,661 --> 00:30:24,662
INTERACTIONS, WITH SOMEBODY AT A

1018
00:30:24,662 --> 00:30:26,531
COFFEE SHOP OR SOMEBODY ON THE

1019
00:30:26,531 --> 00:30:28,733
STREET, HOW MUCH DO THOSE

1020
00:30:28,733 --> 00:30:29,267
ACTUALLY MATTER?

1021
00:30:29,267 --> 00:30:30,701
I REMEMBER THINKING TO MYSELF

1022
00:30:30,701 --> 00:30:32,570
MANY TIMES DURING THE PANDEMIC,

1023
00:30:32,570 --> 00:30:34,405
I WISH I COULD JUST GO TO A

1024
00:30:34,405 --> 00:30:35,406
COFFEE SHOP AND JUST BE THERE

1025
00:30:35,406 --> 00:30:37,408
WITH OTHER PEOPLE, EVEN IF I

1026
00:30:37,408 --> 00:30:38,776
DIDN'T REALLY KNOW THEM.

1027
00:30:38,776 --> 00:30:39,577
THERE'S SOMETHING ABOUT THE

1028
00:30:39,577 --> 00:30:40,778
PRESENCE OF OTHERS THAT REALLY

1029
00:30:40,778 --> 00:30:41,045
MATTERS.

1030
00:30:41,045 --> 00:30:42,547
BUT I THINK WHEN IT COMES TO

1031
00:30:42,547 --> 00:30:43,681
DESIGNING INTERVENTIONS,

1032
00:30:43,681 --> 00:30:44,515
UNDERSTANDING HOW WE'RE

1033
00:30:44,515 --> 00:30:45,316
DESIGNING FOR THOSE DIFFERENT

1034
00:30:45,316 --> 00:30:47,018
TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS, THAT

1035
00:30:47,018 --> 00:30:47,552
MATTERS TOO.

1036
00:30:47,552 --> 00:30:49,253
SO FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU'RE TRYING

1037
00:30:49,253 --> 00:30:51,956
TO CREATE MORE GENERAL

1038
00:30:51,956 --> 00:30:54,358
ENGAGEMENT AND INTERACTION, SO

1039
00:30:54,358 --> 00:30:56,227
PEOPLE SEE EACH OTHER, THEY FEEL

1040
00:30:56,227 --> 00:30:57,862
THEY'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY AS

1041
00:30:57,862 --> 00:30:59,764
OPPOSED TO SITTING INSIDE THEIR

1042
00:30:59,764 --> 00:31:01,365
HOMES, DOING EMAIL, STREAMING

1043
00:31:01,365 --> 00:31:02,800
CONTENT AND GETTING GROCERIES

1044
00:31:02,800 --> 00:31:03,901
DELIVERED, THEN YOU MAY WANT TO

1045
00:31:03,901 --> 00:31:05,236
DESIGN A COMMUNITY IN TERMS OF

1046
00:31:05,236 --> 00:31:07,305
LIKE -- IN TERMS OF URBAN DESIGN

1047
00:31:07,305 --> 00:31:09,040
OR IN RURAL DESIGN, YOU MAY WANT

1048
00:31:09,040 --> 00:31:10,374
TO DESIGN A COMMUNITY SO THAT

1049
00:31:10,374 --> 00:31:11,809
THERE ARE MORE COMMON WALKWAYS

1050
00:31:11,809 --> 00:31:14,178
SO THAT YOU'RE MIXING COMMERCIAL

1051
00:31:14,178 --> 00:31:16,914
AND RESIDENTIAL SPACES TOGETHER,

1052
00:31:16,914 --> 00:31:19,250
SO THERE ARE PARKS, THERE'S

1053
00:31:19,250 --> 00:31:21,085
WATER AND OTHER SPACES THAT WILL

1054
00:31:21,085 --> 00:31:22,320
COMPEL PEOPLE TO MORE READILY

1055
00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:22,720
GATHER.

1056
00:31:22,720 --> 00:31:23,955
VERSUS IF YOU'RE TRYING TO THINK

1057
00:31:23,955 --> 00:31:25,923
HOW DO WE ACTUALLY GET PEOPLE TO

1058
00:31:25,923 --> 00:31:27,492
CULTIVATE DEEP, MEANINGFUL

1059
00:31:27,492 --> 00:31:28,226
RELATIONSHIPS, THAT'S A

1060
00:31:28,226 --> 00:31:29,794
DIFFERENT TYPE OF THOUGHT

1061
00:31:29,794 --> 00:31:30,895
PROCESS THAT YOU HAVE TO GO TO,

1062
00:31:30,895 --> 00:31:31,929
AND YOU HAVE TO UNDERSTAND WHAT

1063
00:31:31,929 --> 00:31:33,364
ARE THE BARRIERS TO DOING THAT

1064
00:31:33,364 --> 00:31:34,465
RIGHT NOW.

1065
00:31:34,465 --> 00:31:37,001
I'LL GIVE YOU JUST ONE EXAMPLE,

1066
00:31:37,001 --> 00:31:38,536
I HAD JUST FINISHED A COLLEGE

1067
00:31:38,536 --> 00:31:41,806
TOUR, THE WAY WE WERE DOING

1068
00:31:41,806 --> 00:31:43,474
BASICALLY FOCUS ON THE ISSUE OF

1069
00:31:43,474 --> 00:31:44,475
LONELINESS AND ISOLATION, GOING

1070
00:31:44,475 --> 00:31:46,077
TO DIFFERENT CAMPUSES ACROSS THE

1071
00:31:46,077 --> 00:31:46,711
COUNTRY.

1072
00:31:46,711 --> 00:31:47,678
I'LL TELL YOU PARENTHETICALLY

1073
00:31:47,678 --> 00:31:49,447
THAT THESE WERE -- OF ALL THE

1074
00:31:49,447 --> 00:31:50,915
EVENTS I'VE DONE OVER TWO TERMS

1075
00:31:50,915 --> 00:31:53,551
AS SURGEON GENERAL, IT WAS THE

1076
00:31:53,551 --> 00:31:55,887
MOST DEMANDING ENGAGEMENTS OF

1077
00:31:55,887 --> 00:31:57,622
ANY OTHER EVENT WE'VE DONE AND I

1078
00:31:57,622 --> 00:31:59,824
THINK IT'S BECAUSE OF HOW DEEPLY

1079
00:31:59,824 --> 00:32:02,860
AFFECTED YOUNG PEOPLE ARE IN

1080
00:32:02,860 --> 00:32:03,895
ISOLATION, BUT WHEN YOU ASK THEM

1081
00:32:03,895 --> 00:32:05,396
WHAT IS THE BARRIER TO REALLY

1082
00:32:05,396 --> 00:32:07,932
BUILDING THE KIND OF TRUSTED

1083
00:32:07,932 --> 00:32:09,233
RELATIONSHIPS WITH PEOPLE WHO --

1084
00:32:09,233 --> 00:32:10,535
WHERE YOU FEEL LIKE THAT

1085
00:32:10,535 --> 00:32:11,869
PERSON'S GOT MY BACK, I CAN GO

1086
00:32:11,869 --> 00:32:13,638
TO THAT PERSON IN A CRISIS, THAT

1087
00:32:13,638 --> 00:32:14,939
PERSON IS GOING TO SUPPORT ME

1088
00:32:14,939 --> 00:32:16,941
AND HELP ME WHEN I'M HAVING A

1089
00:32:16,941 --> 00:32:19,810
HARD TIME, IT TURNS OUT THAT

1090
00:32:19,810 --> 00:32:20,978
THERE ARE A FEW CHALLENGES THEY

1091
00:32:20,978 --> 00:32:21,546
TALK ABOUT.

1092
00:32:21,546 --> 00:32:23,180
THEY TALK ABOUT THE FACT THAT

1093
00:32:23,180 --> 00:32:24,382
THEIR EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL

1094
00:32:24,382 --> 00:32:27,218
MEDIA, WHILE IT'S COMMON, THAT

1095
00:32:27,218 --> 00:32:28,653
IT OFTEN DOESN'T LEAD THEM TO

1096
00:32:28,653 --> 00:32:30,054
BUILD THOSE KIND OF

1097
00:32:30,054 --> 00:32:31,055
RELATIONSHIPS, IT ALLOWS THEM TO

1098
00:32:31,055 --> 00:32:32,290
STAY IN TOUCH WITH A LOT OF

1099
00:32:32,290 --> 00:32:33,357
PEOPLE TO HEAR ABOUT WHAT'S

1100
00:32:33,357 --> 00:32:35,760
GOING ON IN PEOPLE'S LIVES, BE

1101
00:32:35,760 --> 00:32:37,528
COGNIZANT OF ACTIVITIES, TO GET

1102
00:32:37,528 --> 00:32:39,764
KNEWS IN WAYS THAT MAYBE THEY

1103
00:32:39,764 --> 00:32:40,731
OTHERWISE WOULDN'T BUT IT'S

1104
00:32:40,731 --> 00:32:42,366
HELPING THEM BUILD THOSE

1105
00:32:42,366 --> 00:32:43,367
RELATIONSHIPS, THE FLIP IS

1106
00:32:43,367 --> 00:32:46,704
ACTUALLY TRUE, THEY FIND

1107
00:32:46,704 --> 00:32:47,838
THEMSELVES COMPARING THEMSELVES

1108
00:32:47,838 --> 00:32:49,540
TO OTHER PEOPLE ALL THE TIME AND

1109
00:32:49,540 --> 00:32:52,043
WHEN YOUR SELF-ESTEEM ERODES,

1110
00:32:52,043 --> 00:32:53,945
YOUR CONFIDENCE IN GOING OUT AND

1111
00:32:53,945 --> 00:32:54,645
STARTING CONVERSATIONS WITH

1112
00:32:54,645 --> 00:32:57,081
OTHER PEOPLE THAT, DIMINISHES.

1113
00:32:57,081 --> 00:32:58,849
THE OTHER THING THEY TELL US IS

1114
00:32:58,849 --> 00:33:00,284
EVEN THIS BASIC SKILLSET FOR

1115
00:33:00,284 --> 00:33:02,286
BEING ABLE TO GO UP TO SOMEBODY,

1116
00:33:02,286 --> 00:33:03,888
A NEW STUDENT IN A CAFETERIA,

1117
00:33:03,888 --> 00:33:05,222
AND HAVE A CONVERSATION, OR

1118
00:33:05,222 --> 00:33:06,557
BEING ABLE TO HAVE A NEW

1119
00:33:06,557 --> 00:33:07,992
ROOMMATE, FOR EXAMPLE, FRESHMAN

1120
00:33:07,992 --> 00:33:09,627
YEAR, AND NEGOTIATE THINGS LIKE

1121
00:33:09,627 --> 00:33:11,762
HEY, I GET UP EARLY, I GET UP

1122
00:33:11,762 --> 00:33:13,531
LATE, HOW DO WE DEAL WITH THAT,

1123
00:33:13,531 --> 00:33:15,800
OR I'M MESSY, YOU'RE NEAT, I

1124
00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:18,970
LIKE TO HAVE VISITORS OVER, YOU

1125
00:33:18,970 --> 00:33:19,170
DON'T.

1126
00:33:19,170 --> 00:33:20,371
THESE ARE OFTEN CRITICAL FOR

1127
00:33:20,371 --> 00:33:20,938
BUILDING FRIENDSHIPS.

1128
00:33:20,938 --> 00:33:22,173
WE THINK ABOUT MANY PEOPLE, WHEN

1129
00:33:22,173 --> 00:33:24,108
THEY WENT TO COLLEGE, SOME OF

1130
00:33:24,108 --> 00:33:26,077
THEIR ROOMMATES -- THEY BECAME

1131
00:33:26,077 --> 00:33:28,713
SOME OF THEIR CLOSEST FRIENDS.

1132
00:33:28,713 --> 00:33:30,648
MY BEST FRIEND TODAY WAS A

1133
00:33:30,648 --> 00:33:33,217
STRANGER I MET AT ORIENTATION

1134
00:33:33,217 --> 00:33:35,286
WEEK IN THE DINING HALL AT THE

1135
00:33:35,286 --> 00:33:37,321
FSH MAN UNION, WHERE EVERYONE

1136
00:33:37,321 --> 00:33:37,521
ATE.

1137
00:33:37,521 --> 00:33:39,690
SO WHAT YOU REALIZE WHEN YOU

1138
00:33:39,690 --> 00:33:40,925
TALK TO YOUNG PEOPLE IS THAT THE

1139
00:33:40,925 --> 00:33:42,126
SKILLS AND COMFORT WITH THOSE

1140
00:33:42,126 --> 00:33:43,561
KIND OF INTERACTIONS HAS

1141
00:33:43,561 --> 00:33:44,762
ACTUALLY DIMINISHED AS WELL.

1142
00:33:44,762 --> 00:33:46,931
SO IF YOU WANT TO BUILD A SORT

1143
00:33:46,931 --> 00:33:49,400
OF MORE INTIMATE CONNECTIONS AND

1144
00:33:49,400 --> 00:33:50,134
FRIENDSHIPS, YOU HAVE TO THINK

1145
00:33:50,134 --> 00:33:52,203
HOW DO I DESIGN INTERVENTIONS

1146
00:33:52,203 --> 00:33:54,305
THAT BOTH EQUIP YOUNG PEOPLE

1147
00:33:54,305 --> 00:33:59,110
WITH THAT, THAT THEY CAN

1148
00:33:59,110 --> 00:34:00,211
ACTUALLY INTERACT IN PERSON,

1149
00:34:00,211 --> 00:34:01,545
WHEREAS CURRENTLY, MORE AND MORE

1150
00:34:01,545 --> 00:34:03,648
OF THEIR INTERACTION IS

1151
00:34:03,648 --> 00:34:04,715
HAPPENING ONLINE, SO ANYWAY,

1152
00:34:04,715 --> 00:34:06,584
THOSE ARE A FEW CONSIDERATIONS I

1153
00:34:06,584 --> 00:34:07,785
WOULD KEEP IN MIND OF THE MANY.

1154
00:34:07,785 --> 00:34:09,453
I MEAN, THIS IS SOMETHING HAHRIE

1155
00:34:09,453 --> 00:34:10,855
IS A -- SOMEBODY WHO'S ALWAYS

1156
00:34:10,855 --> 00:34:12,189
BEEN AT THE INTERSECTION OF

1157
00:34:12,189 --> 00:34:14,258
RESEARCH AND DESIGN AND SORT OF

1158
00:34:14,258 --> 00:34:16,594
PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

1159
00:34:16,594 --> 00:34:17,862
PROGRAMS WILL HAVE PROBABLY MUCH

1160
00:34:17,862 --> 00:34:19,196
MORE THOUGHTFUL INPUT ON THIS.

1161
00:34:19,196 --> 00:34:20,731
BUT I WOULD LOVE ACTUALLY TO

1162
00:34:20,731 --> 00:34:23,034
HEAR WHAT HAHRIE'S THOUGHTS ARE.

1163
00:34:23,034 --> 00:34:26,871
>> I THINK I AGREE WITH
WHAT YOU

1164
00:34:26,871 --> 00:34:27,304
SAID.

1165
00:34:27,304 --> 00:34:30,474
I MEAN, I THINK THE THING

1166
00:34:30,474 --> 00:34:32,643
THAT -- YOU KNOW, THAT I WOULD

1167
00:34:32,643 --> 00:34:34,545
ADD IS IT'S NOT JUST A -- IT'S

1168
00:34:34,545 --> 00:34:36,380
NOT JUST ABOUT -- OR MAYBE IT'S

1169
00:34:36,380 --> 00:34:39,283
MORE JU JUST LIKE EMPHASIZING WT

1170
00:34:39,283 --> 00:34:41,085
YOU SAID, I THINK IT'S

1171
00:34:41,085 --> 00:34:42,119
ABSOLUTELY TRUE THAT PEOPLE HAVE

1172
00:34:42,119 --> 00:34:43,087
LOST A SET OF SKILLS AROUND

1173
00:34:43,087 --> 00:34:44,555
THAT, BUT WE ALSO HAVE TO THINK

1174
00:34:44,555 --> 00:34:45,723
ABOUT WHAT ARE THE CONTAINERS

1175
00:34:45,723 --> 00:34:47,491
THAT WE CREATE FOR PEOPLE TO BE

1176
00:34:47,491 --> 00:34:49,026
ABLE TO LEARN THOSE SKILLS, TO

1177
00:34:49,026 --> 00:34:50,428
BE ABLE TO PRACTICE THOSE

1178
00:34:50,428 --> 00:34:50,861
SKILLS.

1179
00:34:50,861 --> 00:34:52,430
I MEAN, THESE ARE ALL THINGS

1180
00:34:52,430 --> 00:34:54,065
THAT THE SAME WAY WE HAVE TO GO

1181
00:34:54,065 --> 00:34:55,700
TO THE GYM TO BUILD OUR MUSCLES,

1182
00:34:55,700 --> 00:34:57,902
WE HAVE SOCIAL MUSCLES WE HAVE

1183
00:34:57,902 --> 00:34:59,637
TO BUILD TOO AND WE'VE LOST THE

1184
00:34:59,637 --> 00:35:02,406
KIND OF PROVERBIAL GYMS IN A WAY

1185
00:35:02,406 --> 00:35:03,808
WHERE PEOPLE WOULD GO AND LEARN

1186
00:35:03,808 --> 00:35:05,476
HOW TO ENGAGE IN THESE KINDS OF

1187
00:35:05,476 --> 00:35:05,943
ACTIVITIES.

1188
00:35:05,943 --> 00:35:07,678
THEN WHEN THEY'RE THROWN INTO

1189
00:35:07,678 --> 00:35:09,313
THESE SETTINGS, IT BECOMES

1190
00:35:09,313 --> 00:35:10,448
REALLY COMPLICATED.

1191
00:35:10,448 --> 00:35:12,116
ON THE POINT THAT VIVEK WAS

1192
00:35:12,116 --> 00:35:14,185
MAKING ABOUT NEGOTIATION, ONE OF

1193
00:35:14,185 --> 00:35:15,619
THE THINGS -- WE TALK TO OUR

1194
00:35:15,619 --> 00:35:16,754
CHILDREN ABOUT IS, WHEN MY

1195
00:35:16,754 --> 00:35:17,855
HUSBAND AND I FIGHT, WE CAN

1196
00:35:17,855 --> 00:35:20,224
FIGHT LIKE WE WANT TO STAY

1197
00:35:20,224 --> 00:35:21,559
MARRIED OR LIKE WE WANT TO GET

1198
00:35:21,559 --> 00:35:22,560
DIVORCED AND OBVIOUSLY BECAUSE

1199
00:35:22,560 --> 00:35:23,761
WE'RE COMMITTED TO STAYING

1200
00:35:23,761 --> 00:35:25,930
MARRIED, LIKE, OUR BEHAVIORS

1201
00:35:25,930 --> 00:35:26,997
FLOW FROM THE COMMITMENTS THAT

1202
00:35:26,997 --> 00:35:29,366
WE HAVE TO EACH OTHER.

1203
00:35:29,366 --> 00:35:30,534
AND I SHOULD JUST QUALIFY THAT

1204
00:35:30,534 --> 00:35:32,103
WE'VE BEEN MARRIED FOR 25 YEARS,

1205
00:35:32,103 --> 00:35:33,070
SO EVERYTHING IS GOING REALLY

1206
00:35:33,070 --> 00:35:33,404
WELL.

1207
00:35:33,404 --> 00:35:36,073
YOU KNOW, SO WE'VE LEARNED HOW

1208
00:35:36,073 --> 00:35:37,341
TO NEGOTIATE THAT CONFLICT, BUT

1209
00:35:37,341 --> 00:35:38,576
IT'S BECAUSE WE KNEW THAT WE HAD

1210
00:35:38,576 --> 00:35:40,144
THIS COMMITMENT TO A LONG-TERM

1211
00:35:40,144 --> 00:35:42,947
FUTURE TOGETHER, AND SO WE ACTED

1212
00:35:42,947 --> 00:35:46,317
ACCORDINGLY BECAUSE WE HAD THAT.

1213
00:35:46,317 --> 00:35:47,418
SO THAT'S WHERE I THINK THE KIND

1214
00:35:47,418 --> 00:35:48,619
OF CONTAINERS THAT WE CREATE

1215
00:35:48,619 --> 00:35:49,920
SHAPE THE KIND OF COMMITMENTS

1216
00:35:49,920 --> 00:35:52,256
THAT PEOPLE ARE WILLING TO MAKE,

1217
00:35:52,256 --> 00:35:53,991
AND THEN THERE'S A SET OF

1218
00:35:53,991 --> 00:35:56,293
BEHAVIORS THAT FLOW FROM THERE.

1219
00:35:56,293 --> 00:35:57,428
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE SEE

1220
00:35:57,428 --> 00:35:58,996
RIGHT NOW IS THAT BECAUSE

1221
00:35:58,996 --> 00:36:01,799
THERE'S SUCH A MULTIPLICITY OF

1222
00:36:01,799 --> 00:36:02,767
KIND OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR PEOPLE

1223
00:36:02,767 --> 00:36:04,769
TO HAVE SOCIAL INTERACTIONS,

1224
00:36:04,769 --> 00:36:07,404
WHETHER THEY ARE THESE DIGITAL

1225
00:36:07,404 --> 00:36:08,706
COMMUNITIES OR OTHER KINDS OF

1226
00:36:08,706 --> 00:36:10,574
PLACES LIKE THAT, THAT IT KIND

1227
00:36:10,574 --> 00:36:12,476
OF ENCOURAGES THIS HABIT OF EXIT

1228
00:36:12,476 --> 00:36:13,744
AND WHAT SOCIAL SCIENCE MIGHT

1229
00:36:13,744 --> 00:36:14,411
CALL EXIT.

1230
00:36:14,411 --> 00:36:16,747
SO WHEN THINGS START TO GET

1231
00:36:16,747 --> 00:36:20,384
UNCOMFORTABLE IN A SOCIAL MEDIA

1232
00:36:20,384 --> 00:36:21,352
COMMUNITY OR THE CONVERSATION IS

1233
00:36:21,352 --> 00:36:22,987
GETTING TOO HEATED, I JUST LEAVE

1234
00:36:22,987 --> 00:36:24,088
AND GO SOMEWHERE ELSE.

1235
00:36:24,088 --> 00:36:25,523
ONCE YOU DEVELOP WHAT THAT

1236
00:36:25,523 --> 00:36:26,724
HABIT, WHAT IT MEANS YOU'RE NOT

1237
00:36:26,724 --> 00:36:29,059
DEVELOPING THE HABIT OF WHAT IT

1238
00:36:29,059 --> 00:36:30,594
MEANS TO LEARN TO COMMIT TO A

1239
00:36:30,594 --> 00:36:31,929
SET OF PEOPLE, LIKE YOU KNOW

1240
00:36:31,929 --> 00:36:32,897
WHAT, WE'RE GOING TO WORK

1241
00:36:32,897 --> 00:36:33,864
TOGETHER, WE'RE GOING TO WORK

1242
00:36:33,864 --> 00:36:35,432
THIS OUT WHICH MEANS I'M GOING

1243
00:36:35,432 --> 00:36:36,867
TO BEHAVE A LITTLE DIFFERENTLY

1244
00:36:36,867 --> 00:36:38,502
THAN I MIGHT IF I THOUGHT I WAS

1245
00:36:38,502 --> 00:36:39,937
JUST GOING TO WALK OUT THE DOOR

1246
00:36:39,937 --> 00:36:41,372
WHENEVER THINGS GOT HARD.

1247
00:36:41,372 --> 00:36:42,473
SO THINKING ABOUT KIND OF WHAT

1248
00:36:42,473 --> 00:36:44,341
THE STRUCTURE OF THOSE KIND OF

1249
00:36:44,341 --> 00:36:48,012
PLACES IS IS DEFINITELY REALLY

1250
00:36:48,012 --> 00:36:50,915
IMPORTANT, AND ONE LAST THING

1251
00:36:50,915 --> 00:36:52,783
I'LL SAY TOO, I THINK AS WAS

1252
00:36:52,783 --> 00:36:54,118
MENTIONED, I'VE BEEN DOING A LOT

1253
00:36:54,118 --> 00:36:56,754
OF WORK WITH EVANGELICAL MEGA

1254
00:36:56,754 --> 00:36:58,055
CHURCHES IN AMERICA, WHICH

1255
00:36:58,055 --> 00:36:59,723
INCIDENTALLY, THEY ARE A SOCIAL

1256
00:36:59,723 --> 00:37:00,491
INSTITUTION THAT'S ACTUALLY BEEN

1257
00:37:00,491 --> 00:37:02,026
GROWING IN SIZE SO THE AVERAGE

1258
00:37:02,026 --> 00:37:03,594
MEGA CHURCH IN AMERICA GRAW BY

1259
00:37:03,594 --> 00:37:05,129
34%, I THINK, IN THE LAST

1260
00:37:05,129 --> 00:37:06,664
DECADE, SO PEOPLE ARE LIKE

1261
00:37:06,664 --> 00:37:08,399
FLOCKING OR GOING TOWARDS THESE

1262
00:37:08,399 --> 00:37:09,867
CHURCHES, AND I THINK THERE'S A

1263
00:37:09,867 --> 00:37:11,535
LOT MORE POLITICAL HETEROGENEITY

1264
00:37:11,535 --> 00:37:13,671
IN THESE CHURCHES THAN IS

1265
00:37:13,671 --> 00:37:17,074
COMMONLY UND UNDERSTOOD, BUT A O

1266
00:37:17,074 --> 00:37:18,642
A LOT OF THESE CHURCHES HAVE,

1267
00:37:18,642 --> 00:37:20,811
THIS IDEA THAT BELONGING COMES

1268
00:37:20,811 --> 00:37:22,246
BEFORE BELIEF.

1269
00:37:22,246 --> 00:37:25,816
AND THE IDEA IS THAT BEING A

1270
00:37:25,816 --> 00:37:28,519
PART OF OUR COMMUNITY DOES NOT

1271
00:37:28,519 --> 00:37:30,588
DEPEND ON WHAT YOU BELIEVE OR

1272
00:37:30,588 --> 00:37:31,589
WHO YOU ARE.

1273
00:37:31,589 --> 00:37:33,257
BY THE MERE FACT OF EXISTING,

1274
00:37:33,257 --> 00:37:34,692
WE'RE GOING TO WELCOME YOU WITH

1275
00:37:34,692 --> 00:37:35,726
OPEN ARMS INTO THE COMMUNITY

1276
00:37:35,726 --> 00:37:37,461
THAT WE HAVE, AND SO A LOT OF

1277
00:37:37,461 --> 00:37:39,530
THESE CHURCHES, EVEN IF THEY ARE

1278
00:37:39,530 --> 00:37:41,298
CHRISTIAN CHURCHES, THEY'RE VERY

1279
00:37:41,298 --> 00:37:43,267
EXPLICIT ABOUT WHAT THEY STAND

1280
00:37:43,267 --> 00:37:45,269
FOR, THEY'LL SAY, YOU KNOW WHAT,

1281
00:37:45,269 --> 00:37:47,905
YOU DON'T HAVE TO BELIEVE IN OUR

1282
00:37:47,905 --> 00:37:49,540
GOD, YOU ARE STILL A PART OF OUR

1283
00:37:49,540 --> 00:37:50,441
COMMUNITY AND WE WELCOME YOU

1284
00:37:50,441 --> 00:37:51,075
WITH OPEN ARMS.

1285
00:37:51,075 --> 00:37:52,943
SO THEY CREATE THAT COMMUNITY OF

1286
00:37:52,943 --> 00:37:54,278
BELONGING, WHICH IS PART HOW I

1287
00:37:54,278 --> 00:37:55,246
THINK THEY'VE BEEN ABLE TO DRAW

1288
00:37:55,246 --> 00:37:56,247
PEOPLE IN, BECAUSE I THINK

1289
00:37:56,247 --> 00:37:57,915
PEOPLE ARE HUNGRY FOR PLACES

1290
00:37:57,915 --> 00:38:00,451
LIKE THAT, BUT SO MANY OF THE

1291
00:38:00,451 --> 00:38:01,652
SOCIAL SPACES THAT WE HAVE IN

1292
00:38:01,652 --> 00:38:03,287
OUR WORLD RIGHT NOW PUT BELIEF

1293
00:38:03,287 --> 00:38:04,154
BEFORE BELONGING.

1294
00:38:04,154 --> 00:38:05,556
YOU KNOW, FIRST YOU HAVE TO SHOW

1295
00:38:05,556 --> 00:38:06,924
THAT YOU AGREE WITH US ON A SET

1296
00:38:06,924 --> 00:38:09,593
OF THINGS OR THAT YOU SHARE OUR

1297
00:38:09,593 --> 00:38:10,895
PRINCIPLES, AND THEN WE'LL

1298
00:38:10,895 --> 00:38:12,763
WELCOME YOU INTO OUR COMMUNITY.

1299
00:38:12,763 --> 00:38:14,198
SO I THINK THERE ARE WAYS IN

1300
00:38:14,198 --> 00:38:16,467
WHICH WE CAN FLIP SOME OF THOSE

1301
00:38:16,467 --> 00:38:18,369
CONVENTIONS ON ITS HEAD TO

1302
00:38:18,369 --> 00:38:19,904
CREATE BIGGER AND BROADER

1303
00:38:19,904 --> 00:38:20,471
COMMUNITIES.

1304
00:38:20,471 --> 00:38:23,440
>> CAN I JUST BUILD -- ADD
TO

1305
00:38:23,440 --> 00:38:24,842
ONE THING HAHRIE SAID, IT'S SUCH

1306
00:38:24,842 --> 00:38:26,577
AN IMPORTANT POINT AND I THINK

1307
00:38:26,577 --> 00:38:30,080
THE WAY YOU TBRAIMED FRAMED IT Y

1308
00:38:30,080 --> 00:38:31,048
RIGHT, THAT WHEN WE'RE COMMITTED

1309
00:38:31,048 --> 00:38:32,883
TO EACH OTHER, OUR BEHAVIOR

1310
00:38:32,883 --> 00:38:33,384
FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGES.

1311
00:38:33,384 --> 00:38:36,520
AND I THINK WHEN I REFLECT ON

1312
00:38:36,520 --> 00:38:37,721
SOME OF THE CONVERSATIONS I'VE

1313
00:38:37,721 --> 00:38:39,456
HAD WITH COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE

1314
00:38:39,456 --> 00:38:42,126
BEEN THE MOST SORT OF PAINFUL

1315
00:38:42,126 --> 00:38:45,529
AND SAD IN SOME WAYS, IT'S THE

1316
00:38:45,529 --> 00:38:46,597
CONVERSATIONS WHERE I HEAR FROM

1317
00:38:46,597 --> 00:38:49,934
PEOPLE WHO SAY, I JUST AM

1318
00:38:49,934 --> 00:38:52,803
WORRIED THAT ANY SORT OF EXPRESS

1319
00:38:52,803 --> 00:38:54,505
OF KINDNESS, ET CETERA, THAT

1320
00:38:54,505 --> 00:38:55,272
IT'S ALL CONDITIONAL.

1321
00:38:55,272 --> 00:38:56,941
IF I SAY THE WRONG THING, I'M

1322
00:38:56,941 --> 00:38:58,809
GOING TO BE CAST OUT.

1323
00:38:58,809 --> 00:39:00,711
IF I DISAGREE ON A PARTICULAR

1324
00:39:00,711 --> 00:39:02,246
ISSUE, I'M GOING TO BE SEEN AS

1325
00:39:02,246 --> 00:39:03,013
THE OTHER.

1326
00:39:03,013 --> 00:39:05,516
AND THE WHOLE WORLD FEELS

1327
00:39:05,516 --> 00:39:07,851
CONDITIONAL, LIKE IN THAT WAY.

1328
00:39:07,851 --> 00:39:08,719
ACTUALLY ONE OF THE REASONS WHY

1329
00:39:08,719 --> 00:39:12,790
WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE LITERATURE

1330
00:39:12,790 --> 00:39:13,657
ON EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT

1331
00:39:13,657 --> 00:39:14,625
AND WHAT REALLY MAKES A

1332
00:39:14,625 --> 00:39:15,759
DIFFERENCE IN THE LIFE OF A

1333
00:39:15,759 --> 00:39:17,962
CHILD, IT'S OFTEN SECURE

1334
00:39:17,962 --> 00:39:19,396
RELATIONSHIPS EARLY ON, BECAUSE

1335
00:39:19,396 --> 00:39:20,798
THEN YOU KNOW, OKAY, THERE'S

1336
00:39:20,798 --> 00:39:23,467
SOMEBODY WHO'S GOT MY BACK, YOU

1337
00:39:23,467 --> 00:39:24,768
KNOW, MAYBE I HAVE ONE DAY WHERE

1338
00:39:24,768 --> 00:39:26,737
I DO SOMETHING WRONG OR MY

1339
00:39:26,737 --> 00:39:28,305
BEHAVIOR IS LIKE OFF OR MAYBE

1340
00:39:28,305 --> 00:39:29,740
I'M RUDE OR WHATEVER, BUT THAT

1341
00:39:29,740 --> 00:39:30,808
DOESN'T MEAN THAT THAT PERSON IS

1342
00:39:30,808 --> 00:39:33,344
GOING TO WALK AWAY FROM ME.

1343
00:39:33,344 --> 00:39:35,446
AND THOSE RELATIONSHIPS, WHEN

1344
00:39:35,446 --> 00:39:37,181
YOU HAVE THOSE, CAN REALLY MAKE

1345
00:39:37,181 --> 00:39:37,781
A BIG DIFFERENCE.

1346
00:39:37,781 --> 00:39:39,750
BUT I ACTUALLY BELIEVE THAT WE

1347
00:39:39,750 --> 00:39:42,386
NEED THOSE THROUGHOUT OUR LIFE,

1348
00:39:42,386 --> 00:39:43,454
WHERE WE KNOW THAT THE LOVE THAT

1349
00:39:43,454 --> 00:39:44,989
WE HAVE FOR SOMEBODY AND THAT

1350
00:39:44,989 --> 00:39:46,690
THEY HAVE FOR US, THAT IT'S NOT

1351
00:39:46,690 --> 00:39:49,760
SO EASILY DISLODGED BY A BAD

1352
00:39:49,760 --> 00:39:51,929
CONVERSATION OR A DISAGREEMENT

1353
00:39:51,929 --> 00:39:52,763
ON AN ISSUE.

1354
00:39:52,763 --> 00:39:54,732
AND THIS IS WHERE I THINK THAT

1355
00:39:54,732 --> 00:39:56,300
THERE IS A DIFFERENCE IN THE

1356
00:39:56,300 --> 00:39:57,968
TYPE OF RELATIONSHIPS THAT WE

1357
00:39:57,968 --> 00:39:59,870
OFTEN SEE CULTIVATED ONLINE

1358
00:39:59,870 --> 00:40:02,373
VERSUS IN PERSON, IS THAT AS

1359
00:40:02,373 --> 00:40:04,808
HAHRIE WAS MENTIONING, IT'S A

1360
00:40:04,808 --> 00:40:07,011
LOT EASIER TO DISCONNECT TO PUSH

1361
00:40:07,011 --> 00:40:08,345
SOMEONE OUT, ET CETERA, ONLINE,

1362
00:40:08,345 --> 00:40:10,014
IT'S A LITTLE TOUGHER TO DO THAT

1363
00:40:10,014 --> 00:40:11,415
IN PERSON WHEN YOU'RE ACTUALLY

1364
00:40:11,415 --> 00:40:13,183
SEEING SOMEONE FACE-TO-FACE.

1365
00:40:13,183 --> 00:40:14,918
BUT THAT IS SORT OF I THINK THE

1366
00:40:14,918 --> 00:40:16,020
QUESTION, IS WHERE ARE THE

1367
00:40:16,020 --> 00:40:18,789
CIRCLES OF COMMITMENT THAT

1368
00:40:18,789 --> 00:40:20,424
PEOPLE CAN EXPERIENCE TODAY,

1369
00:40:20,424 --> 00:40:23,160
WHERE THEY CAN FEEL AND DEVELOP

1370
00:40:23,160 --> 00:40:24,261
AND CULTIVATE A SENSE OF

1371
00:40:24,261 --> 00:40:25,562
BELONGING AND HOW DO WE ALLOW

1372
00:40:25,562 --> 00:40:27,798
THEM TO THEN PULL OTHER PEOPLE

1373
00:40:27,798 --> 00:40:29,700
INTO THAT SPACE OF BELONGING.

1374
00:40:29,700 --> 00:40:32,736
I JUST THINK PEOPLE

1375
00:40:32,736 --> 00:40:34,705
FUNDAMENTALLY BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY

1376
00:40:34,705 --> 00:40:38,108
WHEN THEY KNOW THAT THEY HAVE

1377
00:40:38,108 --> 00:40:40,310
PLACE WHERE THEY BELONG VERSUS

1378
00:40:40,310 --> 00:40:42,513
WHEN THEY DON'T.

1379
00:40:42,513 --> 00:40:43,847
WHEN YOU FEEL FUNDAMENTALLY JUST

1380
00:40:43,847 --> 00:40:45,682
AT SEA, ON YOUR OWN, AND NOBODY

1381
00:40:45,682 --> 00:40:47,751
HAS GOT YOUR BACK, IT ACTUALLY

1382
00:40:47,751 --> 00:40:50,754
PUTS YOU IN A STATE OF

1383
00:40:50,754 --> 00:40:51,488
HYPERVIGILANCE, IT ACTUALLY

1384
00:40:51,488 --> 00:40:52,790
LEADS YOU TO BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY

1385
00:40:52,790 --> 00:40:55,692
TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD, ET CETERA,

1386
00:40:55,692 --> 00:40:56,794
VERSUS WHEN YOU KNOW THERE ARE

1387
00:40:56,794 --> 00:40:59,897
PEOPLE WHO HAVE YOUR BACK, YOU

1388
00:40:59,897 --> 00:41:01,732
CAN DEAL, I THINK MORE READILY,

1389
00:41:01,732 --> 00:41:02,933
WITH ADVERSITY.

1390
00:41:02,933 --> 00:41:04,401
AGAIN, I'M MAKING BROAD

1391
00:41:04,401 --> 00:41:05,469
GENERALIZATIONS HERE, BUT I

1392
00:41:05,469 --> 00:41:08,772
DON'T THINK THAT THE

1393
00:41:08,772 --> 00:41:09,740
POLARIZATION THAT WE'RE SEEING

1394
00:41:09,740 --> 00:41:10,974
IN SOCIETY RIGHT NOW, I DON'T

1395
00:41:10,974 --> 00:41:14,778
THINK THAT THE RISE IN MENTAL

1396
00:41:14,778 --> 00:41:15,913
HEALTH CHALLENGES THAT WE'RE

1397
00:41:15,913 --> 00:41:17,414
SEEING IN SOCIETY RIGHT NOW, I

1398
00:41:17,414 --> 00:41:19,550
DON'T THINK THAT THAT IS

1399
00:41:19,550 --> 00:41:20,451
COMPLETELY INDEPENDENT FROM

1400
00:41:20,451 --> 00:41:21,285
WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH THIS LOSS

1401
00:41:21,285 --> 00:41:23,554
OF BELONGING AND THIS GROWTH IN

1402
00:41:23,554 --> 00:41:24,088
LONELINESS.

1403
00:41:24,088 --> 00:41:25,055
I THINK THERE'S A VERY STRONG

1404
00:41:25,055 --> 00:41:25,823
CONNECTION BETWEEN THE TWO,

1405
00:41:25,823 --> 00:41:27,724
WHICH IS WHY I THINK REBUILDING

1406
00:41:27,724 --> 00:41:29,026
CONNECTION IS NOT JUST A HEALTH

1407
00:41:29,026 --> 00:41:29,593
ISSUE.

1408
00:41:29,593 --> 00:41:32,196
IT'S AN ECONOMIC, EDUCATIONAL,

1409
00:41:32,196 --> 00:41:33,097
NATIONAL SECURITYISH YOU'LL.

1410
00:41:33,097 --> 00:41:34,398
IT'S IMPORTANT FOR THE HEALTH

1411
00:41:34,398 --> 00:41:39,269
AND WELL-BEING OF SOCIETY.

1412
00:41:39,269 --> 00:41:40,871
>> I WANT TO ADD IN A QUO
THAT

1413
00:41:40,871 --> 00:41:42,339
I'M GOING TO TIE IN TO WHAT

1414
00:41:42,339 --> 00:41:43,874
YOU'VE BEEN DISCUSSING, WHICH IS

1415
00:41:43,874 --> 00:41:44,875
REALLY FASCINATING, AND THIS IS

1416
00:41:44,875 --> 00:41:48,912
A QUESTION FROM THE AUDIENCE

1417
00:41:48,912 --> 00:41:49,546
ABOUT IN EVERYTHING THAT WE'RE

1418
00:41:49,546 --> 00:41:50,347
TALKING ABOUT, ABOUT THE

1419
00:41:50,347 --> 00:41:51,915
DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTERACTIONS,

1420
00:41:51,915 --> 00:41:53,550
THE NEED TO BUILD SOCIAL

1421
00:41:53,550 --> 00:41:55,419
CONNECTION AND HOW SOME OF THE

1422
00:41:55,419 --> 00:41:58,055
TECHNOLOGY HAS IMPACTED THAT

1423
00:41:58,055 --> 00:42:00,290
SKILLSET TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT,

1424
00:42:00,290 --> 00:42:01,525
AND YOU CAN IMAGINE THAT MIGHT

1425
00:42:01,525 --> 00:42:02,759
BE EXACERBATED FOR PEOPLE WHO

1426
00:42:02,759 --> 00:42:07,631
MIGHT BE MORE NATURALLY

1427
00:42:07,631 --> 00:42:08,265
INTROVERTED, AND THIS IS FOR

1428
00:42:08,265 --> 00:42:10,934
BOTH OF YOU, DO YOU THINK THAT

1429
00:42:10,934 --> 00:42:13,904
TECHNOLOGY LIKE APPS CAN BE USED

1430
00:42:13,904 --> 00:42:15,606
AS A TOOL, IN THIS CASE, TO HELP

1431
00:42:15,606 --> 00:42:17,474
BUILD CONFIDENCE, CREATE A SAFER

1432
00:42:17,474 --> 00:42:19,610
SPACE, SLOWLY HELP BUILD CLOSE

1433
00:42:19,610 --> 00:42:22,446
CONNECTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS, E

1434
00:42:22,446 --> 00:42:23,914
ENVIRONMENT OR THE ECOSYSTEM IS

1435
00:42:23,914 --> 00:42:25,449
SET CORRECTLY, WHICH WOULD THEN

1436
00:42:25,449 --> 00:42:28,418
ALLOW PEOPLE TO POTENTIALLY

1437
00:42:28,418 --> 00:42:29,286
START INDIRECT CONVERSATIONS

1438
00:42:29,286 --> 00:42:34,992
WITH OTHERS LIKE IN -- PLACES

1439
00:42:34,992 --> 00:42:36,793
THEY GO, LIKE MAYBE MEETING

1440
00:42:36,793 --> 00:42:38,328
PEOPLE ONLINE FROM THEIR

1441
00:42:38,328 --> 00:42:39,830
SPECIFIC THIRD PLACE, AND A

1442
00:42:39,830 --> 00:42:42,633
THIRD PLACE, YOU KNOW, AS THE

1443
00:42:42,633 --> 00:42:44,101
AUDIENCE MEMBER WRITES, THE

1444
00:42:44,101 --> 00:42:45,269
THIRD PLACE IS THE SOCIAL

1445
00:42:45,269 --> 00:42:47,070
SURROUNDINGS THAT ARE SEPARATE

1446
00:42:47,070 --> 00:42:48,105
FROM PEOPLE'S FIRST PLACE, WHICH

1447
00:42:48,105 --> 00:42:49,706
IS USUALLY THEIR HOME

1448
00:42:49,706 --> 00:42:50,541
ENVIRONMENT, AND SECOND PLACE,

1449
00:42:50,541 --> 00:42:51,575
WHICH IS USUALLY THEIR

1450
00:42:51,575 --> 00:42:52,109
WORKPLACE.

1451
00:42:52,109 --> 00:42:53,544
SO WOULD IT HELP GIVE PEOPLE THE

1452
00:42:53,544 --> 00:42:56,346
TOOLS AND THE SPACE FOR THEM TO

1453
00:42:56,346 --> 00:42:59,316
HELP THEM MAKE THAT LEAP FROM

1454
00:42:59,316 --> 00:43:01,251
CONVERSATION TO CONNECTION?

1455
00:43:01,251 --> 00:43:03,287
>> I CAN JUMP IN HERE AND
I KNOW

1456
00:43:03,287 --> 00:43:04,688
THAT VIVEK WILL HAVE A LOT TO

1457
00:43:04,688 --> 00:43:06,990
SAY HERE ALSO.

1458
00:43:06,990 --> 00:43:09,493
SO I JUST WANT TO STEP BACK FOR

1459
00:43:09,493 --> 00:43:10,060
A SECOND BUILDING OFF THIS

1460
00:43:10,060 --> 00:43:11,228
QUESTION AND THEN ALSO WHAT WE

1461
00:43:11,228 --> 00:43:12,296
WERE JUST TALKING ABOUT.

1462
00:43:12,296 --> 00:43:14,431
THERE'S THIS LIKE WONDERFUL VERY

1463
00:43:14,431 --> 00:43:15,432
SHORT LITTLE BOOK THAT WAS

1464
00:43:15,432 --> 00:43:17,968
WRITTEN IN THE MID 20TH CENTURY

1465
00:43:17,968 --> 00:43:20,938
BY AN ECONOMIST NAMED ALBERT

1466
00:43:20,938 --> 00:43:23,473
HIRSCHMAN CALLED EXIT VOICE IN

1467
00:43:23,473 --> 00:43:24,875
LOYALTY THAT I REALLY LOVE.

1468
00:43:24,875 --> 00:43:26,343
HE SORT OF AR TECH LATES THE

1469
00:43:26,343 --> 00:43:27,110
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIFFERENT

1470
00:43:27,110 --> 00:43:30,214
KINDS OF ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE

1471
00:43:30,214 --> 00:43:31,081
THIS KIND OF NOTION OF

1472
00:43:31,081 --> 00:43:32,616
COMMITMENT AT THE CORE VERSUS

1473
00:43:32,616 --> 00:43:33,150
THOSE WHO DON'T.

1474
00:43:33,150 --> 00:43:34,184
SO HE ARGUES THAT THERE'S A

1475
00:43:34,184 --> 00:43:35,819
WHOLE SET OF ORGANIZATIONS THAT

1476
00:43:35,819 --> 00:43:38,088
WE HAVE UNTIL OUR SOCIETY THAT

1477
00:43:38,088 --> 00:43:40,657
OPERATE ON THE LOGIC OF EXIT

1478
00:43:40,657 --> 00:43:41,658
WHICH MARINES THAT WHEN I DON'T

1479
00:43:41,658 --> 00:43:42,960
LIKE THE PRODUCT OR WHAT THE

1480
00:43:42,960 --> 00:43:44,494
ORGANIZATION IS DOING, I JUST GO

1481
00:43:44,494 --> 00:43:47,297
CHOOSE ANOTHER ONE.

1482
00:43:47,297 --> 00:43:48,665
SO THE EXIT THE ORGANIZATION AND

1483
00:43:48,665 --> 00:43:49,600
GO TO THE OTHER.

1484
00:43:49,600 --> 00:43:50,801
SO FOR EXAMPLE WHEN I GO TO THE

1485
00:43:50,801 --> 00:43:53,237
GROCERY STORE AND PICK OUT

1486
00:43:53,237 --> 00:43:56,840
CEREALS, IF I DON'T LIKE CHEX

1487
00:43:56,840 --> 00:43:58,775
ANYMORE, I BUY CHERRIOS.

1488
00:43:58,775 --> 00:44:01,411
I'M JUST A CONSUMER OF THE

1489
00:44:01,411 --> 00:44:02,079
OBJECTS GIVEN TO ME.

1490
00:44:02,079 --> 00:44:03,046
BUT THERE'S THE OTHER SIDE WHAT

1491
00:44:03,046 --> 00:44:04,848
HE CALLS THE LOGIC OF VOICE,

1492
00:44:04,848 --> 00:44:05,716
WHICH MEANS WHEN I DON'T LIKE

1493
00:44:05,716 --> 00:44:06,817
WHAT THE ORGANIZATION IS DOING

1494
00:44:06,817 --> 00:44:08,285
OR WHAT'S HAPPENING OR I DON'T

1495
00:44:08,285 --> 00:44:09,620
LIKE THE PRODUCT, QUOTE-UNQUOTE,

1496
00:44:09,620 --> 00:44:11,221
THEN I HAVE TO SORT OF SAY, HEY,

1497
00:44:11,221 --> 00:44:13,790
CAN WE TRY TO CHANGE IT?

1498
00:44:13,790 --> 00:44:15,559
THEN I TRY TO EXERCISE MY VOICE

1499
00:44:15,559 --> 00:44:17,494
IN A WAY TO MAKE THE CHANGES

1500
00:44:17,494 --> 00:44:18,328
THAT I WANT.

1501
00:44:18,328 --> 00:44:20,831
HE ARGUES THAT WE HAVE TO HAVE

1502
00:44:20,831 --> 00:44:22,499
SOME ORGANIZATIONS IN SOCIETY

1503
00:44:22,499 --> 00:44:23,900
THAT REALLY OPERATE ON THAT

1504
00:44:23,900 --> 00:44:25,469
LOGIC OF VOICE, BECAUSE THAT'S

1505
00:44:25,469 --> 00:44:26,703
HOW YOU BUILD A BIGGER TENT.

1506
00:44:26,703 --> 00:44:28,672
A LOT OF OUR SOCIAL -- ECONOMIC

1507
00:44:28,672 --> 00:44:30,774
ORGANIZATIONS CAN OPERATE ON THE

1508
00:44:30,774 --> 00:44:33,176
LOGIC OF EXIT BECAUSE IT'S A

1509
00:44:33,176 --> 00:44:35,245
MARKET BASED SYSTEM, BUT OUR

1510
00:44:35,245 --> 00:44:36,246
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL

1511
00:44:36,246 --> 00:44:37,814
ORGANIZATIONS, THEY NEED TO

1512
00:44:37,814 --> 00:44:38,382
BUILD BIG TENTS.

1513
00:44:38,382 --> 00:44:40,484
THEY CAN'T BE LOSING PEOPLE WHO

1514
00:44:40,484 --> 00:44:42,319
DISAGREE SO THAT'S WHY YOU NEED

1515
00:44:42,319 --> 00:44:43,987
TO FIGURE OUT HOW YOU BUILD

1516
00:44:43,987 --> 00:44:47,291
THOSE KINDS OF COMMITMENTS.

1517
00:44:47,291 --> 00:44:49,693
SO TO THE POINT THAT THE

1518
00:44:49,693 --> 00:44:52,129
QUESTIONER WAS MAKING, I DO

1519
00:44:52,129 --> 00:44:55,866
AGREE IN THE SENSE THAT WE CAN

1520
00:44:55,866 --> 00:44:59,469
DPEDEFINITELY DOING A MUCH BETTR

1521
00:44:59,469 --> 00:45:00,637
JOB DESIGNING OUR DIGITAL

1522
00:45:00,637 --> 00:45:01,805
COMMUNITIES IN WAYS THAT ENHANCE

1523
00:45:01,805 --> 00:45:03,774
THE KIND OF INTERACTIONS AND

1524
00:45:03,774 --> 00:45:07,010
RELATIONSHIPS THAT WE NEED, BOTH

1525
00:45:07,010 --> 00:45:08,412
WEAK TIES AND STRONG TIES AND

1526
00:45:08,412 --> 00:45:09,980
ALL THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF

1527
00:45:09,980 --> 00:45:11,081
THINGS BUT I THINK ONE THING

1528
00:45:11,081 --> 00:45:12,282
THAT IS INHERENTLY DIFFERENT

1529
00:45:12,282 --> 00:45:14,518
ABOUT THE DIGITAL SPACE IS THAT

1530
00:45:14,518 --> 00:45:16,920
THE SORT OF COMBINATION OF SCALE

1531
00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:18,488
AND FRAGMENTATION IN THE

1532
00:45:18,488 --> 00:45:19,823
STRUCTURE OF THE INTERNET MEANS

1533
00:45:19,823 --> 00:45:21,458
THAT THEY ALMOST ALWAYS OPERATE

1534
00:45:21,458 --> 00:45:24,828
ON THIS LOGIC OF EXIT.

1535
00:45:24,828 --> 00:45:27,130
SO THAT PEOPLE KIND OF SHOP FOR

1536
00:45:27,130 --> 00:45:29,299
COMMUNITIES THAT MEET THEIR

1537
00:45:29,299 --> 00:45:30,834
NEEDS AND AT ANY GIVEN TIME WHEN

1538
00:45:30,834 --> 00:45:32,135
THEY STOP MEETING THEIR NEEDS,

1539
00:45:32,135 --> 00:45:33,270
THEY JUST SHIFT TO ANOTHER

1540
00:45:33,270 --> 00:45:33,637
COMMUNITY.

1541
00:45:33,637 --> 00:45:35,339
AND SO THIS JUST RELATES TO WHAT

1542
00:45:35,339 --> 00:45:38,342
WE WERE TALKING ABOUT, WHILE

1543
00:45:38,342 --> 00:45:39,576
THERE ABSOLUTELY IS A ROLE FOR

1544
00:45:39,576 --> 00:45:41,878
THAT KIND OF SOCIAL COMMUNITY IN

1545
00:45:41,878 --> 00:45:42,946
PEOPLE'S LIVES, IF THAT'S THE

1546
00:45:42,946 --> 00:45:44,147
ONLY KIND OF COMMUNITY THAT YOU

1547
00:45:44,147 --> 00:45:46,116
HAVE, THEN THERE'S A WHOLE SET

1548
00:45:46,116 --> 00:45:48,618
OF SOCIAL SKILLS THAT ARE

1549
00:45:48,618 --> 00:45:50,253
NECESSARY FOR LONG TERM

1550
00:45:50,253 --> 00:45:51,088
CONNECTION THAT PEOPLE MISS.

1551
00:45:51,088 --> 00:45:52,255
SO I THINK THAT WE HAVE TO THINK

1552
00:45:52,255 --> 00:45:53,790
ABOUT IT MORE AS LIKE A BOTH

1553
00:45:53,790 --> 00:45:59,629
>> Dr. Anderson: NOT A
BOTH A

1554
00:45:59,629 --> 00:46:01,531
REPLACEMENT OF THE KIND OF

1555
00:46:01,531 --> 00:46:02,265
NATURAL HUMAN COMMUNITIES THAT

1556
00:46:02,265 --> 00:46:03,500
PEOPLE HAVE BEEN BUILDING FOR A

1557
00:46:03,500 --> 00:46:04,601
MILLENNIA NOW.

1558
00:46:04,601 --> 00:46:06,903
I'M VERY CURIOUS WHAT VIVEK

1559
00:46:06,903 --> 00:46:07,671
WOULD SAY AND HOW YOU THINK

1560
00:46:07,671 --> 00:46:08,538
ABOUT THAT.

1561
00:46:08,538 --> 00:46:10,240
>> I ACTUALLY VERY MUCH
AGREE.

1562
00:46:10,240 --> 00:46:13,210
I DON'T -- I THINK THE ONLINE

1563
00:46:13,210 --> 00:46:14,411
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CAN WORK BEST

1564
00:46:14,411 --> 00:46:17,948
WHEN IT'S A BRIDGE TO OFFLINE

1565
00:46:17,948 --> 00:46:20,784
CONNECTION AND IN-PERSON

1566
00:46:20,784 --> 00:46:24,488
CONNECTION, AND YO THE CHALLENGE

1567
00:46:24,488 --> 00:46:25,889
HAVE, IT SOMETIMES FEELS EASIER

1568
00:46:25,889 --> 00:46:27,424
FROM AN EFFORT PERSPECTIVE TO

1569
00:46:27,424 --> 00:46:30,260
ENGAGE SOMEBODY ONLINE, AND TO

1570
00:46:30,260 --> 00:46:31,428
GO THROUGH THE TROUBLE OF MAKING

1571
00:46:31,428 --> 00:46:32,429
PLANS WITH SOMEBODY, MEETING UP

1572
00:46:32,429 --> 00:46:34,364
WITH THEM AND SCHEDULING IT, OR

1573
00:46:34,364 --> 00:46:36,299
THE TREPIDATION OF LIKE

1574
00:46:36,299 --> 00:46:37,067
ENCOUNTERING A STRANGER AND

1575
00:46:37,067 --> 00:46:38,702
TRYING TO HAVE A CONVERSATION ON

1576
00:46:38,702 --> 00:46:39,469
THE TRAIN.

1577
00:46:39,469 --> 00:46:41,004
THESE CAN FEEL LIKE THEY'RE

1578
00:46:41,004 --> 00:46:42,672
HIGHER ENERGY, HIGHER ENERGY

1579
00:46:42,672 --> 00:46:45,075
BARRIERS TO DOING THEM, BUT THEY

1580
00:46:45,075 --> 00:46:45,542
ARE ESSENTIAL.

1581
00:46:45,542 --> 00:46:48,178
THEY ARE NOT REPLACEABLE WITH

1582
00:46:48,178 --> 00:46:49,312
DIGITAL ALONE.

1583
00:46:49,312 --> 00:46:50,947
ONE OTHER THING I'LL JUST SAY IS

1584
00:46:50,947 --> 00:46:55,218
I THINK THE INCREASED MOBILITY

1585
00:46:55,218 --> 00:46:56,620
OF PEOPLE HAS INCREASED OVER

1586
00:46:56,620 --> 00:46:56,887
TIME.

1587
00:46:56,887 --> 00:46:58,054
USING THE LANGUAGE THAT HAR EE

1588
00:46:58,054 --> 00:47:01,625
WAS REFERENCING, IT'S CREATED A

1589
00:47:01,625 --> 00:47:03,326
TENDENCY -- IT MAKES IT EASIER.

1590
00:47:03,326 --> 00:47:05,495
IT USED TO BE WHEN WE LIVED IN

1591
00:47:05,495 --> 00:47:08,165
THE SAME COMMUNITY, WENT TO HIGH

1592
00:47:08,165 --> 00:47:09,132
SCHOOL THERE, STAYED THERE

1593
00:47:09,132 --> 00:47:09,766
AFTER, WENT TO WORK.

1594
00:47:09,766 --> 00:47:10,867
YOU MAY HAVE HAD A SPAT WITH

1595
00:47:10,867 --> 00:47:12,035
SOMEBODY IN HIGH SCHOOL BUT

1596
00:47:12,035 --> 00:47:13,870
YOU'RE STILL SEEING THEM AROUND

1597
00:47:13,870 --> 00:47:14,738
AFTERWARD, YOU'RE STILL PART OF

1598
00:47:14,738 --> 00:47:16,106
THE COMMUNITY, YOUR FAMILIES

1599
00:47:16,106 --> 00:47:17,274
STILL PROBABLY KNOW EACH OTHER,

1600
00:47:17,274 --> 00:47:18,842
SO THAT CREATES SOME NOTION

1601
00:47:18,842 --> 00:47:20,177
THAT, OKAY, WE'RE STILL PART OF

1602
00:47:20,177 --> 00:47:20,477
SOMETHING.

1603
00:47:20,477 --> 00:47:22,145
WE MAY NOT LOVE EACH OTHER BUT

1604
00:47:22,145 --> 00:47:23,647
WEAR NOT GOING TO CAST EACH

1605
00:47:23,647 --> 00:47:25,148
OTHER OUT, PER SE.

1606
00:47:25,148 --> 00:47:26,783
WHEREAS I THINK NOW, WHEN YOU

1607
00:47:26,783 --> 00:47:28,318
MOVE AROUND A LOT, NOT JUST

1608
00:47:28,318 --> 00:47:29,486
MOVING AROUND GEOGRAPHICALLY,

1609
00:47:29,486 --> 00:47:30,787
WHEN YOU CHANGE WORKPLACES

1610
00:47:30,787 --> 00:47:33,156
OFTEN, ET CETERA, LIKE ALL OF

1611
00:47:33,156 --> 00:47:34,825
THESE CHANGES MEAN THAT THE

1612
00:47:34,825 --> 00:47:36,326
CONNECTIONS WE BUILD, THEY'RE

1613
00:47:36,326 --> 00:47:38,495
NOT JUST TRANSIENT BUT THEY FEEL

1614
00:47:38,495 --> 00:47:39,129
REPLACEABLE.

1615
00:47:39,129 --> 00:47:42,899
AND SO WHEN WE LACK AT LOOK AT

1616
00:47:42,899 --> 00:47:44,768
RELATIONSHIPS THAT WAY MORE AS

1617
00:47:44,768 --> 00:47:45,669
COMMODITIES THAN ANYTHING ELSE,

1618
00:47:45,669 --> 00:47:47,370
I DO THINK IT MAKES IT HARDER TO

1619
00:47:47,370 --> 00:47:49,739
BUILD MEANINGFUL RELATIONSHIPS

1620
00:47:49,739 --> 00:47:50,907
AND ACTUALLY TO COMMIT, BECAUSE

1621
00:47:50,907 --> 00:47:52,342
I THINK THAT SOMEBODY ONCE ASKED

1622
00:47:52,342 --> 00:47:55,045
ME, A JOURNALIST, THEY SAID, YOU

1623
00:47:55,045 --> 00:47:56,980
KNOW, PEOPLE HAVE SO MUCH MORE

1624
00:47:56,980 --> 00:47:59,549
CHOICE NOW THAN THEY DID 50, 60,

1625
00:47:59,549 --> 00:48:00,684
70 YEARS AGO.

1626
00:48:00,684 --> 00:48:02,118
ISN'T THAT A GREAT THING?

1627
00:48:02,118 --> 00:48:04,454
I WAS LIKE, IT IS GREAT TO HAVE

1628
00:48:04,454 --> 00:48:07,224
CHOICE IN SOME WAYS, BUT IT CAN

1629
00:48:07,224 --> 00:48:09,426
ALSO BE PARALYZING TO HAVE

1630
00:48:09,426 --> 00:48:10,560
CHOICE, TOO MUCH CHOIZ.

1631
00:48:10,560 --> 00:48:12,329
IT CAN BE PROBLEMATIC TO HAVE A

1632
00:48:12,329 --> 00:48:13,630
LOT OF CHOICE WHEN YOU DON'T

1633
00:48:13,630 --> 00:48:16,099
NECESSARILY HAVE A COMPASS

1634
00:48:16,099 --> 00:48:20,704
THAT'S GUIDING YOU AS TO TO WHAO

1635
00:48:20,704 --> 00:48:21,338
PROVIDE OR ADVERTISE.

1636
00:48:21,338 --> 00:48:23,173
FOR EXAMPLE, YOU'VE GOT A LOT OF

1637
00:48:23,173 --> 00:48:24,274
CHOICE BUT SOCIETY IS TELLING

1638
00:48:24,274 --> 00:48:25,509
YOU THE NUMBER ONE MOST

1639
00:48:25,509 --> 00:48:26,910
IMPORTANT THING FOR YOU TO DO IS

1640
00:48:26,910 --> 00:48:28,411
TO OPTIMIZE YOUR INCOME, YOU

1641
00:48:28,411 --> 00:48:30,013
KNOW, OVER THE LIFETIME OF YOUR

1642
00:48:30,013 --> 00:48:30,447
CAREER.

1643
00:48:30,447 --> 00:48:31,414
YOU'RE GOING TO MAKE VERY

1644
00:48:31,414 --> 00:48:32,582
DIFFERENT CHOICES THAN IF

1645
00:48:32,582 --> 00:48:33,683
SOCIETY IS TELLING YOU, YOU KNOW

1646
00:48:33,683 --> 00:48:34,985
WHAT, THE MOST IMPORTANT

1647
00:48:34,985 --> 00:48:37,120
DETERMINANT OF YOUR FULFILLMENT

1648
00:48:37,120 --> 00:48:38,088
AND HAPPINESS LONG TERM IS GOING

1649
00:48:38,088 --> 00:48:39,656
TO BE CREATING AND BUILDING

1650
00:48:39,656 --> 00:48:40,423
HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS.

1651
00:48:40,423 --> 00:48:41,458
YOU CAN PURSUE ALL THE OTHER

1652
00:48:41,458 --> 00:48:42,325
THINGS.

1653
00:48:42,325 --> 00:48:44,060
YOU CAN HAVE GREAT JOBS, YOU CAN

1654
00:48:44,060 --> 00:48:45,462
LIKE HAVE FANCY JOBS, YOU CAN

1655
00:48:45,462 --> 00:48:46,630
MAKE LOTS OF MONEY IN CERTAIN

1656
00:48:46,630 --> 00:48:47,864
JOBS, YOU CAN DO ALL THOSE

1657
00:48:47,864 --> 00:48:51,735
THINGS, BUT IN TERMS OF YOUR

1658
00:48:51,735 --> 00:48:52,936
PRIORITIES, PRIORITIZE

1659
00:48:52,936 --> 00:48:53,703
RELATIONSHIPS, YOU'LL MAKE

1660
00:48:53,703 --> 00:48:54,237
DIFFERENT CHOICES.

1661
00:48:54,237 --> 00:48:55,505
I THINK ONE OF THE -- I THINK

1662
00:48:55,505 --> 00:48:56,740
IT'S GREAT WE HAVE A LOT OF

1663
00:48:56,740 --> 00:48:58,608
CHOICES, BUT ESPECIALLY WHAT I

1664
00:48:58,608 --> 00:49:00,076
HEAR ECHOED IN THE CONVERSATIONS

1665
00:49:00,076 --> 00:49:00,977
WITH COLLEGE STUDENTS ALL THE

1666
00:49:00,977 --> 00:49:03,480
TIME, THIS NOTION THAT THEY FEEL

1667
00:49:03,480 --> 00:49:05,382
SOCIETY IS DRIVING THEM TO MAKE

1668
00:49:05,382 --> 00:49:07,450
CHOICES BASED ON A CERTAIN

1669
00:49:07,450 --> 00:49:08,919
PRIORITY SET, AND THAT PRIORITY

1670
00:49:08,919 --> 00:49:13,089
SET IS SAYING THAT THEIR SUCCESS

1671
00:49:13,089 --> 00:49:14,224
IS DEPENDENT ON THEM MAKING A

1672
00:49:14,224 --> 00:49:17,294
LOT OF MONEY, BEING FAMOUS,

1673
00:49:17,294 --> 00:49:19,062
ACQUIRING POSITIONS OF POWER,

1674
00:49:19,062 --> 00:49:20,964
BEING WELL PUBLISHED, AND

1675
00:49:20,964 --> 00:49:22,499
GETTING THEIR NAME OUT THERE.

1676
00:49:22,499 --> 00:49:23,600
THESE ARE THE THINGS THAT

1677
00:49:23,600 --> 00:49:24,568
SOCIETY IS TELLING YOU THEY NEED

1678
00:49:24,568 --> 00:49:25,969
YOU TO BE SUCCESSFUL, AND THEY

1679
00:49:25,969 --> 00:49:27,270
FEEL IF THEY'RE NOT SUCCESSFUL,

1680
00:49:27,270 --> 00:49:28,038
THEY'RE NOT WORTHY.

1681
00:49:28,038 --> 00:49:31,174
TO MY MIND, THAT IS ACTUALLY A

1682
00:49:31,174 --> 00:49:32,142
VERY DANGEROUS EQUATION BECAUSE

1683
00:49:32,142 --> 00:49:33,243
THAT LEAD YOU TO DO THINGS AND

1684
00:49:33,243 --> 00:49:35,412
TO MAKE CHOICES AMONG THOSE MANY

1685
00:49:35,412 --> 00:49:40,116
OPTIONS THAT WE HAVE THAT MAY

1686
00:49:40,116 --> 00:49:42,118
OPTIMIZE SUCCESS IN THE

1687
00:49:42,118 --> 00:49:43,653
TRADITIONAL SENSE, BUT ACTUALLY

1688
00:49:43,653 --> 00:49:44,487
DON'T OPTIMIZE FOR HEALTH AND

1689
00:49:44,487 --> 00:49:44,754
HAPPINESS.

1690
00:49:44,754 --> 00:49:46,389
I THINK NOW WE'VE SEEN THAT

1691
00:49:46,389 --> 00:49:48,325
STUDY AFTER STUDY HAS SHOWN US,

1692
00:49:48,325 --> 00:49:49,859
INCLUDING THE HARVARD STUDY, THE

1693
00:49:49,859 --> 00:49:51,695
LONGEST RUNNING ONE OF A COHORT

1694
00:49:51,695 --> 00:49:54,230
STARTING FROM 1938 UNTIL NOW.

1695
00:49:54,230 --> 00:49:55,665
BUT ALL OF OUR RESEARCH HAS

1696
00:49:55,665 --> 00:49:57,400
CONTINUED TO SHOW US THAT IF YOU

1697
00:49:57,400 --> 00:49:59,536
HAD TO PICK ONE DETERMINANT THAT

1698
00:49:59,536 --> 00:50:02,305
WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT, IN TERMS

1699
00:50:02,305 --> 00:50:05,342
OF PEOPLE'S HAPPINESS OVER THEIR

1700
00:50:05,342 --> 00:50:06,643
LIFETIME, IT IS THE PRESENCE OF

1701
00:50:06,643 --> 00:50:08,111
HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS IN THEIR

1702
00:50:08,111 --> 00:50:09,446
LIFE, AND I THINK WE HAVE TO

1703
00:50:09,446 --> 00:50:12,282
CLOSE A GAP NOW WHEN IT COMES TO

1704
00:50:12,282 --> 00:50:14,084
MAKING SURE THAT THAT SCIENTIFIC

1705
00:50:14,084 --> 00:50:16,586
REALITY IS REFLECTED IN THE

1706
00:50:16,586 --> 00:50:17,821
PRIORITIES THAT WE SHARE WITH

1707
00:50:17,821 --> 00:50:20,790
YOUNG PEOPLE, WITH HOW WE DEFINE

1708
00:50:20,790 --> 00:50:21,725
SUCCESS AS A SOCIETY, BECAUSE

1709
00:50:21,725 --> 00:50:23,126
RIGHT NOW I THINK THERE IS A BIG

1710
00:50:23,126 --> 00:50:25,562
GAP.

1711
00:50:25,562 --> 00:50:27,864
>> CAN I JUST CHIME IN ONE

1712
00:50:27,864 --> 00:50:30,033
THING, I CAN'T RESIST, ONE OF

1713
00:50:30,033 --> 00:50:32,602
THE HATS I WEAR IS I LEAD AN

1714
00:50:32,602 --> 00:50:33,603
INSTITUTE AT THE HOPKINS THAT

1715
00:50:33,603 --> 00:50:34,738
THINKS A LOT ABOUT QUESTIONS

1716
00:50:34,738 --> 00:50:38,475
ABOUT DEMOCRACY AND HOW IT IS WE

1717
00:50:38,475 --> 00:50:40,210
STRENGTHEN DEMOCRACY.

1718
00:50:40,210 --> 00:50:41,911
SOMETHING  VIVEK WAS TALKING

1719
00:50:41,911 --> 00:50:43,480
ABOUT WAS SO RELEVANT, I THINK,

1720
00:50:43,480 --> 00:50:44,781
TO THIS QUESTION THAT -- THE

1721
00:50:44,781 --> 00:50:45,649
CONVERSATION THAT WE'RE HAVING

1722
00:50:45,649 --> 00:50:48,151
ABOUT SOCIAL CONNECTION AND

1723
00:50:48,151 --> 00:50:49,019
WELL-BEING, BECAUSE ONE OF THE

1724
00:50:49,019 --> 00:50:51,287
THINGS THAT WE'VE SEEN IN

1725
00:50:51,287 --> 00:50:53,590
SOCIETIES WHERE YOU HAVE A LOT

1726
00:50:53,590 --> 00:50:54,658
OF BACK SLIDING IS THIS

1727
00:50:54,658 --> 00:50:55,659
CONVERSATION ABOUT WHAT IS IT

1728
00:50:55,659 --> 00:50:59,796
THAT WE OPTIMIZE HAS KIND OF

1729
00:50:59,796 --> 00:51:01,398
DISAPPEARED FROM PUBLIC

1730
00:51:01,398 --> 00:51:01,965
CONVERSATION IN A WAY.

1731
00:51:01,965 --> 00:51:03,299
SO WE SPEND A LOT OF TIME

1732
00:51:03,299 --> 00:51:04,701
THINKING ABOUT HOW TO OPTIMIZE

1733
00:51:04,701 --> 00:51:05,669
THINGS AND WE THINK ABOUT

1734
00:51:05,669 --> 00:51:07,404
MARKETS AND TECHNOLOGIES AND

1735
00:51:07,404 --> 00:51:09,539
DIFFERENT THINGS THAT ALLOW US

1736
00:51:09,539 --> 00:51:12,108
TO BECOME MORE EFFICIENT TO

1737
00:51:12,108 --> 00:51:15,211
THOOPTIMIZE, BUT PEOPLE HAVE TO

1738
00:51:15,211 --> 00:51:16,413
HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE

1739
00:51:16,413 --> 00:51:17,080
CHOICES ABOUT WHAT ARE THE

1740
00:51:17,080 --> 00:51:18,915
THINGS THAT I HOLD SACRED IN MY

1741
00:51:18,915 --> 00:51:20,984
LIFE, AND THEN HOW DO I ORGANIZE

1742
00:51:20,984 --> 00:51:22,419
MY LIFE AROUND THE THINGS THAT

1743
00:51:22,419 --> 00:51:24,621
ARE SACRED TO ME, BUT WE DON'T

1744
00:51:24,621 --> 00:51:26,056
REALLY CREATE THOSE KIND OF

1745
00:51:26,056 --> 00:51:27,457
OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE

1746
00:51:27,457 --> 00:51:29,325
OR, YOU KNOW, FOR EVEN ADULTS TO

1747
00:51:29,325 --> 00:51:30,493
REALLY THINK THROUGH THEM.

1748
00:51:30,493 --> 00:51:31,895
NOW SOME FAITH COMMUNITIES DO,

1749
00:51:31,895 --> 00:51:33,229
CERTAINLY SOME SCHOOLS DO, BUT

1750
00:51:33,229 --> 00:51:34,931
IT'S NOT THIS KIND OF UNIVERSAL

1751
00:51:34,931 --> 00:51:38,001
SORT OF BROAD THING THAT WE

1752
00:51:38,001 --> 00:51:40,537
ENGAGE, AND THAT REALLY -- WHEN

1753
00:51:40,537 --> 00:51:42,972
YOU THINK ABOUT THAT AT SCALE,

1754
00:51:42,972 --> 00:51:44,541
THAT'S WHAT POLITICS SHOULD BE,

1755
00:51:44,541 --> 00:51:45,642
POLITICS IS A CONVERSATION

1756
00:51:45,642 --> 00:51:46,276
BETWEEN DIFFERENT GROUPS ABOUT

1757
00:51:46,276 --> 00:51:47,811
WHAT SHOULD WE OPTIMIZE AND THEN

1758
00:51:47,811 --> 00:51:52,482
WE FIGURE THAT OUT, BUT IT'S HAD

1759
00:51:52,482 --> 00:51:53,683
THESE DOWNSTREAM CONSEQUENCES

1760
00:51:53,683 --> 00:51:57,287
THAT ARE REALLY IMPORTANT AND SO

1761
00:51:57,287 --> 00:51:59,222
I THINK THAT VERY OFTEN WHEN

1762
00:51:59,222 --> 00:52:00,223
PEOPLE DO GRAPPLE WITH THAT

1763
00:52:00,223 --> 00:52:01,791
QUESTION AND THEY COME BACK TO

1764
00:52:01,791 --> 00:52:03,827
THIS QUESTION ABOUT

1765
00:52:03,827 --> 00:52:04,694
RELATIONSHIPS AND THE PEOPLE WHO

1766
00:52:04,694 --> 00:52:06,429
ARE CLOSE TO ME, BUT WE HAVE TO

1767
00:52:06,429 --> 00:52:07,397
GIVE PEOPLE THE OPPORTUNITY TO

1768
00:52:07,397 --> 00:52:08,331
REALLY GRAPPLE WITH THAT

1769
00:52:08,331 --> 00:52:09,666
QUESTION SO THEY COME TO OWN THE

1770
00:52:09,666 --> 00:52:13,503
ANSWERS THEMSELVES AS OPPOSED TO

1771
00:52:13,503 --> 00:52:14,804
SAYING I'M DOING THIS BECAUSE

1772
00:52:14,804 --> 00:52:16,539
THAT'S WHAT SOMEONE TOLD ME I

1773
00:52:16,539 --> 00:52:17,607
SHOULD DO, SO THERE'S A REAL

1774
00:52:17,607 --> 00:52:18,408
DIFFERENCE IN THAT.

1775
00:52:18,408 --> 00:52:18,808
OF

1776
00:52:18,808 --> 00:52:21,077
>> SO IN OUR LAST FEW
MINUTES, I

1777
00:52:21,077 --> 00:52:25,415
REALLY WANT TO HIGHLIGHT AND

1778
00:52:25,415 --> 00:52:27,650
MAKE THIS AUDIENCE AWARE,

1779
00:52:27,650 --> 00:52:29,819
DR. HAN, OF SOME OF THE WORK

1780
00:52:29,819 --> 00:52:30,887
YOU'RE WORKING ON NOW.

1781
00:52:30,887 --> 00:52:33,423
ONE OF THE PROJECTS I WANTED TO

1782
00:52:33,423 --> 00:52:35,391
HIGHLIGHT IS THE LEAD LOCAL

1783
00:52:35,391 --> 00:52:36,259
PROJECT, WHICH IS A

1784
00:52:36,259 --> 00:52:37,560
COLLABORATIVE OF WELL RESPECTED

1785
00:52:37,560 --> 00:52:38,762
LOCAL COMMUNITY LEADERS WHO ARE

1786
00:52:38,762 --> 00:52:41,798
WORKING TO EXAMINE THOSE

1787
00:52:41,798 --> 00:52:42,732
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COMMUNITY

1788
00:52:42,732 --> 00:52:43,633
POWER AND HEALTH EQUITY.

1789
00:52:43,633 --> 00:52:45,201
SO WOULD YOU BRIEFLY DISCUSS WHY

1790
00:52:45,201 --> 00:52:46,903
YOU DECIDED TO WORK ON THIS

1791
00:52:46,903 --> 00:52:49,405
TOPIC AND HOW COMMUNITY POWER

1792
00:52:49,405 --> 00:52:51,040
BUILDING CAN ENHANCE HEALTH

1793
00:52:51,040 --> 00:52:52,041
EQUITY?

1794
00:52:52,041 --> 00:52:57,113
>> YEAH, SO AS SO MANY
PEOPLE

1795
00:52:57,113 --> 00:52:59,549
HAVE BEEN HAVING CONVERSATION

1796
00:52:59,549 --> 00:53:01,651
FOR SO LONG, WE ALL KNOW HEALTH

1797
00:53:01,651 --> 00:53:03,920
IS MORE THAN THE INTERACTIONS

1798
00:53:03,920 --> 00:53:06,956
PEOPLE HAVE WITH THEIR DOCTORS

1799
00:53:06,956 --> 00:53:08,892
IN KIND OF MEDICAL SETTINGS.

1800
00:53:08,892 --> 00:53:10,260
THE AVERAGE PERSON YOU PULL OFF

1801
00:53:10,260 --> 00:53:11,928
THE STREET, YOU ASK THEM HOW

1802
00:53:11,928 --> 00:53:12,896
HEALTHY THEY ARE, THEY MIGHT

1803
00:53:12,896 --> 00:53:14,097
TALK ABOUT THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO

1804
00:53:14,097 --> 00:53:15,265
THEIR DOCTOR, THAT REALLY IT'S

1805
00:53:15,265 --> 00:53:16,599
ABOUT SO MUCH MORE THAT'S GEG ON

1806
00:53:16,599 --> 00:53:17,901
IN THEIR COMMUNITIES.

1807
00:53:17,901 --> 00:53:19,969
AND I THINK THAT A LOT OF THE

1808
00:53:19,969 --> 00:53:24,073
WORK THAT WOVE DONE IN TRYING TO

1809
00:53:24,073 --> 00:53:25,108
THINK ABOUT THAT IS THINKING

1810
00:53:25,108 --> 00:53:29,412
ABOUT HOW DO WE STRENGTHEN THE

1811
00:53:29,412 --> 00:53:30,547
ORGANIZATIONS THAT ARE ABLE TO

1812
00:53:30,547 --> 00:53:33,783
PROMOTE WELL-BEING BY

1813
00:53:33,783 --> 00:53:34,984
BUILDING COMMUNITY POWER, AND I

1814
00:53:34,984 --> 00:53:36,186
THINK THE COMMUNITY POWER

1815
00:53:36,186 --> 00:53:37,287
MATTERS ON A COUPLE DIFFERENT

1816
00:53:37,287 --> 00:53:37,654
LEVELS.

1817
00:53:37,654 --> 00:53:40,690
FIRST WHEN YOU HAVE

1818
00:53:40,690 --> 00:53:41,291
COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS

1819
00:53:41,291 --> 00:53:43,693
THAT CAN EXERCISE REAL POWER,

1820
00:53:43,693 --> 00:53:44,861
THEN THEY'RE ABLE TO ADVOCATE

1821
00:53:44,861 --> 00:53:46,296
FOR THE NEEDS AND INTERESTS OF

1822
00:53:46,296 --> 00:53:47,397
THE CONSTITUENCIES THAT THEY

1823
00:53:47,397 --> 00:53:47,931
REPRESENT.

1824
00:53:47,931 --> 00:53:49,632
SO THERE'S A KIND OF LIKE

1825
00:53:49,632 --> 00:53:50,200
ADVOCACY ANGLE THERE.

1826
00:53:50,200 --> 00:53:51,601
BUT SECOND, I THINK RELATED TO

1827
00:53:51,601 --> 00:53:54,804
WHAT WE WERE JUST TALKING ABOUT,

1828
00:53:54,804 --> 00:53:58,675
IS THAT COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE

1829
00:53:58,675 --> 00:54:00,210
THE ABILITY TO REALLY EXERCISE

1830
00:54:00,210 --> 00:54:01,244
POWER ARE ABLE TO ANSWER THAT

1831
00:54:01,244 --> 00:54:02,579
QUESTION LIKE WHAT SHOULD WE TO,

1832
00:54:02,579 --> 00:54:06,382
YOU KNOW, WHEN THINGS GET REALLY

1833
00:54:06,382 --> 00:54:07,550
HARD, HOW DO WE COME TOGETHER AS

1834
00:54:07,550 --> 00:54:08,751
A COMMUNITY AND FIGURE OUT WHAT

1835
00:54:08,751 --> 00:54:09,285
SHOULD WE DO.

1836
00:54:09,285 --> 00:54:12,722
THAT'S WHAT WE THINK OF AS

1837
00:54:12,722 --> 00:54:13,690
SOMEONE'S SENSE OF THEIR OWN

1838
00:54:13,690 --> 00:54:14,157
AGENCY.

1839
00:54:14,157 --> 00:54:15,058
BUT THAT'S A HARD QUESTION TO

1840
00:54:15,058 --> 00:54:18,027
ANSWER WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT.

1841
00:54:18,027 --> 00:54:19,896
IT'S HARD FOR A GROUP OF PEOPLE

1842
00:54:19,896 --> 00:54:21,097
ESPECIALLY IN A DIVERSE

1843
00:54:21,097 --> 00:54:21,865
COMMUNITY COME TOGETHER AND KNOW

1844
00:54:21,865 --> 00:54:22,832
HOW TO ANSWER THAT.

1845
00:54:22,832 --> 00:54:25,768
SO THE INVESTMENTS IN COMMUNITY

1846
00:54:25,768 --> 00:54:28,004
POWER BUILDING ARE REALLY ABOUT

1847
00:54:28,004 --> 00:54:28,905
EQUIPPING COMMUNITIES TO BE ABLE

1848
00:54:28,905 --> 00:54:33,843
TO ANSWER THAT QUESTION BECAUSE

1849
00:54:33,843 --> 00:54:35,178
WHEN PEOPLE FEEL LIKE THEY CAN

1850
00:54:35,178 --> 00:54:36,613
PUT THEIR HANDS ON THE LEVERS OF

1851
00:54:36,613 --> 00:54:37,313
CHANGE, WHEN PEOPLE FEEL LIKE

1852
00:54:37,313 --> 00:54:40,016
THEY CAN BE ARCHITECTS OF THEIR

1853
00:54:40,016 --> 00:54:42,986
OWN FUTURE, THEN WHAT WE SEE IS

1854
00:54:42,986 --> 00:54:44,287
THAT SENSE OF AGENCY ALSO

1855
00:54:44,287 --> 00:54:46,789
PROMOTES THEIR SENSE OF

1856
00:54:46,789 --> 00:54:47,557
WELL-BEING.

1857
00:54:47,557 --> 00:54:48,458
IT HAS EFFECTS NOT ONLY THROUGH

1858
00:54:48,458 --> 00:54:49,959
THE KIND OF ADVOCACY THAT THEY

1859
00:54:49,959 --> 00:54:52,562
MIGHT DO, BUT ALSO THROUGH KIND

1860
00:54:52,562 --> 00:54:54,063
OF THEIR SENSE OF THEIR OWN

1861
00:54:54,063 --> 00:54:55,598
ABILITY TO SORT OF REALIZE THE

1862
00:54:55,598 --> 00:54:56,666
FUTURES THAT THEY WANT FOR

1863
00:54:56,666 --> 00:54:59,335
THEMSELVES AND THEIR FAMILIES.

1864
00:54:59,335 --> 00:55:02,572
>> THAT REMINDS ME A GREAT
DEAL

1865
00:55:02,572 --> 00:55:04,540
ABOUT COMMUNITY-BASED

1866
00:55:04,540 --> 00:55:07,477
PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH AND AREAS

1867
00:55:07,477 --> 00:55:08,444
WHERE IN COMMUNITY ENGAGED

1868
00:55:08,444 --> 00:55:09,779
RESEARCH WHERE WE'RE TRYING TO

1869
00:55:09,779 --> 00:55:10,947
HELP COMMUNITIES BUILD AGENCY TO

1870
00:55:10,947 --> 00:55:12,215
ASK QUESTIONS AND UNDERSTAND

1871
00:55:12,215 --> 00:55:14,784
WHAT THE RESEARCH NEEDS OF THEIR

1872
00:55:14,784 --> 00:55:16,819
COMMUNITIES ARE, AND IN MANY

1873
00:55:16,819 --> 00:55:17,754
SENSES, WE DON'T TALK ABOUT IT

1874
00:55:17,754 --> 00:55:19,188
THE WAY YOU JUST DESCRIBED IT,

1875
00:55:19,188 --> 00:55:20,623
SO I DEFINITELY ENCOURAGE THE

1876
00:55:20,623 --> 00:55:26,095
AUDIENCE TO REALLY LOOK MORE AT

1877
00:55:26,095 --> 00:55:27,163
THIS FRAMING FOR THE WORK WE'RE

1878
00:55:27,163 --> 00:55:28,364
DOING IN COMMUNITY ENGAGED

1879
00:55:28,364 --> 00:55:29,465
RESEARCH IN THE BIOMEDICAL

1880
00:55:29,465 --> 00:55:30,033
RESEARCH SPACE.

1881
00:55:30,033 --> 00:55:30,967
SO I HAVE ONE OTHER QUESTION AND

1882
00:55:30,967 --> 00:55:33,136
THEN WE'LL SEE IF -- WE'LL BE

1883
00:55:33,136 --> 00:55:35,038
PREPARED PROBABLY TO CLOSE.

1884
00:55:35,038 --> 00:55:37,040
NOW, DR. HAN, YOU DID MENTION

1885
00:55:37,040 --> 00:55:38,374
THE WORK YOU'RE DOING IN TERMS

1886
00:55:38,374 --> 00:55:40,009
OF THE IMPACT OF FAITH IN

1887
00:55:40,009 --> 00:55:41,778
DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES.

1888
00:55:41,778 --> 00:55:43,179
SO I DID WANT TO TALK A LITTLE

1889
00:55:43,179 --> 00:55:44,480
BIT ABOUT YOUR FIFTH BOOK THAT

1890
00:55:44,480 --> 00:55:45,882
WILL BE RELEASED LATER THIS

1891
00:55:45,882 --> 00:55:46,950
YEAR, INTERESTED IN HEARING MORE

1892
00:55:46,950 --> 00:55:49,052
ABOUT THIS TOPIC AND

1893
00:55:49,052 --> 00:55:50,219
SPECIFICALLY WHY YOU FOCUSED ON

1894
00:55:50,219 --> 00:55:52,088
THE IMPACT OF FAITH AND WHAT

1895
00:55:52,088 --> 00:55:54,791
MIGHT WE EXPECT WHEN WE READ THE

1896
00:55:54,791 --> 00:55:56,125
BOOK?

1897
00:55:56,125 --> 00:55:58,628
>> YEAH, SO MAYBE I'LL
START

1898
00:55:58,628 --> 00:56:00,029
WITH A COUPLE DATA POINTS THAT

1899
00:56:00,029 --> 00:56:03,666
GOT ME INTERESTED IN THIS TOPIC.

1900
00:56:03,666 --> 00:56:04,600
SO FAITH COMMUNITIES STILL PLAY

1901
00:56:04,600 --> 00:56:06,402
A REALLY LARGE ROLE IN KIND OF

1902
00:56:06,402 --> 00:56:08,638
FORMING THE SOCIAL FABRIC OF

1903
00:56:08,638 --> 00:56:09,305
PEOPLE'S LIVES.

1904
00:56:09,305 --> 00:56:11,074
ONE PROJECT WE'VE UNDERTAKEN AT

1905
00:56:11,074 --> 00:56:12,475
MY INSTITUTE AT HOPKINS IS TO

1906
00:56:12,475 --> 00:56:13,576
TRY TO MAP CIVIC INFRASTRUCTURE

1907
00:56:13,576 --> 00:56:14,310
IN THE UNITED STATES AND WE'RE

1908
00:56:14,310 --> 00:56:15,611
TRYING TO LOOK AT WHERE ARE THE

1909
00:56:15,611 --> 00:56:19,549
PLACES WHERE PEOPLE GO TO FIND

1910
00:56:19,549 --> 00:56:20,550
THE KIND OF CONNECTION WE'VE

1911
00:56:20,550 --> 00:56:21,718
BEEN TALKING ABOUT TODAY, AND WE

1912
00:56:21,718 --> 00:56:25,822
FIND I THINK THAT IN SOMETHING

1913
00:56:25,822 --> 00:56:27,256
LIKE 83% OF COUNTIES IN AMERICA,

1914
00:56:27,256 --> 00:56:28,791
THE TOP PROVIDERS OF CIVIC

1915
00:56:28,791 --> 00:56:29,993
OPPORTUNITY ARE STILL LIKE

1916
00:56:29,993 --> 00:56:30,960
SOCIAL FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS

1917
00:56:30,960 --> 00:56:32,061
AND FAITH INSTITUTIONS.

1918
00:56:32,061 --> 00:56:33,997
THEY STILL PLAY A REALLY, REALLY

1919
00:56:33,997 --> 00:56:35,098
BIG ROLE, AND WHILE IT'S TRUE

1920
00:56:35,098 --> 00:56:36,799
THAT A LOT OF CHURCHES ARE

1921
00:56:36,799 --> 00:56:39,969
DECLINING IN SIZE RIGHT NOW,

1922
00:56:39,969 --> 00:56:41,771
MEGA CHURCHES HAVE ACTUALLY BEEN

1923
00:56:41,771 --> 00:56:42,939
GROWING OVER THE PAST DECADE AS

1924
00:56:42,939 --> 00:56:45,108
WE TALKED ABOUT.

1925
00:56:45,108 --> 00:56:46,309
SO I WAS TRYING TO FIGURE OUT

1926
00:56:46,309 --> 00:56:48,077
THIS IS INTERESTING BECAUSE

1927
00:56:48,077 --> 00:56:48,811
THESE FAITH INSTITUTIONS ARE

1928
00:56:48,811 --> 00:56:50,313
PLAYING SUCH A BIG ROLE AND WHAT

1929
00:56:50,313 --> 00:56:51,447
CAN WE LEARN FROM THESE

1930
00:56:51,447 --> 00:56:52,448
INSTITUTIONS THAT ARE ACTUALLY

1931
00:56:52,448 --> 00:56:53,583
DRAWING MORE PEOPLE INTO THEM,

1932
00:56:53,583 --> 00:56:55,318
LIKE WHY ARE PEOPLE FLOCKING TO

1933
00:56:55,318 --> 00:56:56,552
THEM, AND SO WHAT THE BOOK DOES

1934
00:56:56,552 --> 00:57:03,659
IS IT PROFILES A GROUP OF

1935
00:57:03,659 --> 00:57:06,195
MULTI-RACIAL PEOPLE, THE THIRD

1936
00:57:06,195 --> 00:57:07,130
LARGEST MEGA CHURCH IN THE

1937
00:57:07,130 --> 00:57:08,731
UNITED STATES TRYING TO ORGANIZE

1938
00:57:08,731 --> 00:57:09,766
AROUND RACIAL JUSTICE WITHIN THE

1939
00:57:09,766 --> 00:57:12,068
CONTEXT OF A WHITE DOMINANT

1940
00:57:12,068 --> 00:57:13,403
EVANGELICAL MEGA CHURCH, SO THE

1941
00:57:13,403 --> 00:57:17,306
POLITICALLY KIND OF POLITICALLY

1942
00:57:17,306 --> 00:57:19,375
DIVERSE COMMUNITY LOCATED IN

1943
00:57:19,375 --> 00:57:20,276
CINCINNATI, OHIO.

1944
00:57:20,276 --> 00:57:22,979
THE BOOK PUBLISHED BY KNAFF, IT

1945
00:57:22,979 --> 00:57:24,080
TRACES THE NARRATIVES OF FOUR

1946
00:57:24,080 --> 00:57:26,215
PEOPLE, A BLACK MAN, WHITE MAN,

1947
00:57:26,215 --> 00:57:30,253
PLAQUE WOMABLACK WOMAN AND WHITO

1948
00:57:30,253 --> 00:57:31,821
GO THROUGH THIS JOURNEY WHERE

1949
00:57:31,821 --> 00:57:33,089
THEY BECOME ANIMATED TO WORK ON

1950
00:57:33,089 --> 00:57:35,158
ISSUES OF ANTI-RACISM BUT THEN

1951
00:57:35,158 --> 00:57:35,825
EXPERIENCE BACKLASH AND IT KIND

1952
00:57:35,825 --> 00:57:37,326
OF ASKS THIS QUESTION OF WHAT

1953
00:57:37,326 --> 00:57:39,162
ARE THE STRUCTURES AND

1954
00:57:39,162 --> 00:57:39,962
SCAFFOLDING WE NEED AROUND US TO

1955
00:57:39,962 --> 00:57:41,264
BE ABLE TO STAY COMMITTED TO A

1956
00:57:41,264 --> 00:57:43,032
SET OF VALUES THAT WE REALLY

1957
00:57:43,032 --> 00:57:45,201
CARE ABOUT.

1958
00:57:45,201 --> 00:57:48,137
AND SO THE BOOK IS REALLY

1959
00:57:48,137 --> 00:57:50,006
FOCUSED ON TRYING TO UNPACK THAT

1960
00:57:50,006 --> 00:57:52,608
STORY THROUGH THE NARRATIVES OF

1961
00:57:52,608 --> 00:57:55,211
THESE PEOPLE, AND I WILL SAY

1962
00:57:55,211 --> 00:58:00,383
THAT I THINK WHAT I CAME INTO

1963
00:58:00,383 --> 00:58:02,218
THIS PROJECT SORT OF BY ACCIDENT

1964
00:58:02,218 --> 00:58:03,753
BY COMING ACROSS THIS COMMUNITY,

1965
00:58:03,753 --> 00:58:05,288
BUT I'VE LEARNED SUCH AN

1966
00:58:05,288 --> 00:58:06,255
ENORMOUS AMOUNT ABOUT WHAT IT

1967
00:58:06,255 --> 00:58:07,156
TAKES TO DO THE THINGS THAT

1968
00:58:07,156 --> 00:58:08,357
WE'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT TODAY

1969
00:58:08,357 --> 00:58:10,960
TO CREATE COMMUNITIES OF

1970
00:58:10,960 --> 00:58:13,062
BELONGING, TO NAVIGATE

1971
00:58:13,062 --> 00:58:13,963
DIFFERENCE, TO STAY COMMITTED

1972
00:58:13,963 --> 00:58:16,799
EVEN WHEN THE GOING GETS HARD,

1973
00:58:16,799 --> 00:58:18,501
AND TO REALLY LEARN HOW IT IS

1974
00:58:18,501 --> 00:58:19,902
THAT WE NAVIGATE WITH THE

1975
00:58:19,902 --> 00:58:21,871
COMPASSES THAT WE ALL NEED TO

1976
00:58:21,871 --> 00:58:23,473
CONSTRUCT IN A VERY COMPLEX AND

1977
00:58:23,473 --> 00:58:26,042
DIVIDED WORLD.

1978
00:58:26,042 --> 00:58:26,976
>> FANTASTIC.

1979
00:58:26,976 --> 00:58:28,744
YOU ARE BOTH SUCH INSPIRING

1980
00:58:28,744 --> 00:58:29,479
PEOPLE.

1981
00:58:29,479 --> 00:58:30,546
VIVEK, YOU ALWAYS INSPIRE ME AND

1982
00:58:30,546 --> 00:58:31,881
I COULD LISTEN TO YOU TALK FOR

1983
00:58:31,881 --> 00:58:32,849
MANY MORE HOURS.

1984
00:58:32,849 --> 00:58:34,784
DR. HAN, REALLY PHENOMENAL

1985
00:58:34,784 --> 00:58:35,351
DISCUSSION.

1986
00:58:35,351 --> 00:58:38,721
AS WE WRAP UP, THIS HAS BEEN A

1987
00:58:38,721 --> 00:58:40,490
REALLY INFORMATIVE

1988
00:58:40,490 --> 00:58:41,224
THOUGHT-PROVOKING ORGANIZATION,

1989
00:58:41,224 --> 00:58:47,330
CONVERSATION.I'LL ASK ACTUALLY F

1990
00:58:47,330 --> 00:58:48,331
YOU MIGHT WANT TO HELP CLOSE US

1991
00:58:48,331 --> 00:58:51,667
OUT.

1992
00:58:51,667 --> 00:58:55,104
>> DR. WEBB COOPER, THANK
YOU.

1993
00:58:55,104 --> 00:58:56,405
LET ME JUST CLOSE WITH A FEW

1994
00:58:56,405 --> 00:58:59,242
WORDS OF THANKS.

1995
00:58:59,242 --> 00:59:00,543
FIRST TO DRS. MURTHY AND HAN,

1996
00:59:00,543 --> 00:59:03,946
ALL OF US AT NIH ARE REALLY

1997
00:59:03,946 --> 00:59:06,115
APPRECIATIVE TO ALL OF YOU FOR

1998
00:59:06,115 --> 00:59:07,450
THIS FANTASTIC CONVERSATION.

1999
00:59:07,450 --> 00:59:08,451
HAHRIE, YOUR STORY RESONATED

2000
00:59:08,451 --> 00:59:14,090
WITH ME, SOUTH KOREA, --

2001
00:59:14,090 --> 00:59:16,159
HOUSTON, MY STORY WAS DETROIT,

2002
00:59:16,159 --> 00:59:17,593
VIVEK, THE ANECDOTE YOU SHARED

2003
00:59:17,593 --> 00:59:18,561
ABOUT YOUR PARENTS NOT

2004
00:59:18,561 --> 00:59:19,629
CONSIDERING TO TAKE A BREAK

2005
00:59:19,629 --> 00:59:21,063
COULD HAVE BEEN TOLD WORD FOR

2006
00:59:21,063 --> 00:59:21,931
WORD ABOUT YOUR PARENTS.

2007
00:59:21,931 --> 00:59:24,233
I THINK THIS CONVERSATION IS A

2008
00:59:24,233 --> 00:59:26,636
GREAT REMINDER THAT ALL OF US IN

2009
00:59:26,636 --> 00:59:28,504
THIS COUNTRY, REGARDLESS OF WHAT

2010
00:59:28,504 --> 00:59:29,572
OUR SPECIFIC COUNTRIES AND

2011
00:59:29,572 --> 00:59:31,107
CITIES ARE, HAVE OUR OWN

2012
00:59:31,107 --> 00:59:32,708
AMERICAN STORIES, AND SOME OF

2013
00:59:32,708 --> 00:59:36,512
THOSE STORIES ARE REALLY COMP 

2014
00:59:36,512 --> 00:59:36,746
COMPLEX.

2015
00:59:36,746 --> 00:59:37,813
SO SECONDLY TO MONICA, THANK YOU

2016
00:59:37,813 --> 00:59:39,682
FOR DOING A GREAT JOB OF

2017
00:59:39,682 --> 00:59:40,983
MODERATING, AS ALWAYS.

2018
00:59:40,983 --> 00:59:43,152
YOU KNOW, WE HAD A INTERACTION

2019
00:59:43,152 --> 00:59:44,687
LAST YEAR WHEN I FLIPPANTLY

2020
00:59:44,687 --> 00:59:46,088
REFERRED TO YOU AS MY WORK

2021
00:59:46,088 --> 00:59:47,924
SISTER, AND I'M GLAD I CHOSE A

2022
00:59:47,924 --> 00:59:51,093
GOOD SIBLING FOR THAT.

2023
00:59:51,093 --> 00:59:54,931
AND FINALLY, TO JUST ALL THE

2024
00:59:54,931 --> 00:59:58,067
ORGANIZERS, ESPECIALLY TO NIMHD,

2025
00:59:58,067 --> 01:00:01,370
AND THE NIH CHAPTER, TO THE

2026
01:00:01,370 --> 01:00:02,338
PLANNING COMMITTEE AND TO ALL

2027
01:00:02,338 --> 01:00:06,242
THE CO-SPONSORS OF THIS EVENT, I

2028
01:00:06,242 --> 01:00:07,009
HOPE TODAY'S CONVERSATION IS

2029
01:00:07,009 --> 01:00:08,211
GOING TO GIVE US ALL A LITTLE

2030
01:00:08,211 --> 01:00:11,347
BIT MORE TO THINK ABOUT DURING

2031
01:00:11,347 --> 01:00:12,448
AAMHPI HERITAGE MONTH.

2032
01:00:12,448 --> 01:00:13,983
SO THANK YOU TO EVERYONE FOR

2033
01:00:13,983 --> 01:00:15,251
ATTENDING AND HAVE A GREAT

2034
01:00:15,251 --> 01:00:16,986
AFTERNOON.

2035
01:00:16,986 --> 01:00:25,795
>> THANK YOU.