NIH VideoCast - Imaging Signal Transduction in Single Dendritic Spines

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Imaging Signal Transduction in Single Dendritic Spines

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Air date:	Monday, May 19, 2014, 12:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 433 (30 Live, 403 On-demand)
Category:	Neuroscience
Runtime:	00:57:28
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	Neuroscience Seminar Series Synaptic plasticity, the ability for synapses to change their connection strength, is thought to underlie learning and memory. Cascades of biochemical reactions in dendritic spines, tiny (~0.1 femtoliter) postsynaptic compartments emanating from dendritic surface, trigger diverse forms of synaptic plasticity. These reactions are mediated by signaling networks consist of hundreds of species of signaling proteins. Dr. Yasuda Lab’s focus is to elucidate some of the operation principles of such signaling networks in dendritic spines using various optical techniques. First, they have been developing techniques to image activity of various proteins in single dendritic spines using 2-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2pFLIM) in combination with new biosensors extensively optimized for 2pFLIM. Using this technique, they have succeeded in imaging signaling proteins, CaMKII, HRas, RhoA and Cdc42, in single dendritic spines undergoing synaptic potentiation. Their results indicate that signaling activity is subjected to a complicated spatiotemporal regulation: some signals are compartmentalized in single synapses, while others spread to affect a short stretch (micrometers) of dendritic segments including multiple synapses. This rich spatiotemporal regulation plays an essential role in coordinating cellular events in different dendritic micro-compartments. Further, Ca2+ elevation in a synapse is relayed in several different stages to induce long-term plasticity: First, Ca2+ signals in the synapse are integrated by a signaling protein CaMKII, of which activity decays over ~10 s. Then, Ras, Cdc42 and RhoA are activated by CaMKII, and relay this transient signal into signals lasting 10-30 min.

NLM Title:	Imaging signal transduction in single dendritic spines / Ryohei Yasuda.
Author:	Yasuda, Ryohei. National Institutes of Health (U.S.),
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): Synaptic plasticity, the ability for synapses to change their connection strength, is thought to underlie learning and memory. Cascades of biochemical reactions in dendritic spines, tiny (~0.1 femtoliter) postsynaptic compartments emanating from dendritic surface, trigger diverse forms of synaptic plasticity. These reactions are mediated by signaling networks consist of hundreds of species of signaling proteins. Dr. Yasuda Lab's focus is to elucidate some of the operation principles of such signaling networks in dendritic spines using various optical techniques. First, they have been developing techniques to image activity of various proteins in single dendritic spines using 2-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2pFLIM) in combination with new biosensors extensively optimized for 2pFLIM. Using this technique, they have succeeded in imaging signaling proteins, CaMKII, HRas, RhoA and Cdc42, in single dendritic spines undergoing synaptic potentiation. Their results indicate that signaling activity is subjected to a complicated spatiotemporal regulation: some signals are compartmentalized in single synapses, while others spread to affect a short stretch (micrometers) of dendritic segments including multiple synapses. This rich spatiotemporal regulation plays an essential role in coordinating cellular events in different dendritic micro-compartments. Further, Ca2+ elevation in a synapse is relayed in several different stages to induce long-term plasticity: First, Ca2+ signals in the synapse are integrated by a signaling protein CaMKII, of which activity decays over ~10 s. Then, Ras, Cdc42 and RhoA are activated by CaMKII, and relay this transient signal into signals lasting 10-30 min.
Subjects:	Dendritic Spines--physiology Molecular Imaging Signal Transduction
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	QU 375
NLM ID:	101634141
CIT Live ID:	14003
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=14003

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