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Genes controlling sleep and circadian rhythms

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Air date: Wednesday, October 17, 2018, 3:00:00 PM
Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views: Total views: 1,343 (251 Live, 1,092 On-demand)
Category: WALS - Wednesday Afternoon Lectures
Runtime: 01:09:46
Description: NIH Director’s Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series

Along with colleagues Jeffrey C. Hall and Michael Rosbash, Dr. Young received the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling circadian rhythms.

Dr. Young's laboratory has identified genes that control the circadian rhythms of Drosophila. Interactions among these genes and their proteins set up a network of oscillations within single cells. These oscillations are autonomously generated, are found in most tissues, and establish rhythms in physiology and behavior. This mechanism is conserved within the animal kingdom: similar clock genes regulate patterns of sleep and other rhythms in humans. A common form of human insomnia called Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder (DSPD) is characterized by a persistent and intractable delay in the timing of the major sleep episode. A study of several DSPD subjects allowed Dr. Young's laboratory to recognize a specific clock gene variant that affects behavioral, physiological, and molecular circadian rhythms of carriers under controlled laboratory conditions. The lab's results are consistent with the candidate allele encoding a dominant, hyperactive transcription factor that alters sleep and circadian rhythms by lengthening the period of the circadian clock.

For more information go to https://oir.nih.gov/wals
Author: Michael W. Young, Ph.D., 2017 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine, Laboratory of Genetics, Richard and Jeanne Fisher Professor, Rockefeller University
 
CIT Live ID: 28666
Permanent link: https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=28666

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