NIH VideoCast - Cross-modal plasticity of cortical circuits

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Cross-modal plasticity of cortical circuits

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Air date:	Monday, November 27, 2017, 12:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 310 (28 Live, 282 On-demand)
Category:	Neuroscience
Runtime:	00:54:10
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	NIH Neuroscience Series Seminar Our daily experience can trigger lasting memories, which are stored in our brains. Memories are stored ultimately by changing the way neurons convey information. More precisely, they are stored as changes in the function of synapses: the structures by which neurons contact and transmit signals to each other. Dr. Lee’s laboratory is interested in exploring the cellular and molecular changes that happen at the synapses to allow memory storage. Combining various techniques, such as electrophysiological recording, biochemical/molecular analysis, and imaging, they are aiming to understand the cellular and molecular changes that happen during synaptic plasticity. It is well established that neural activity can trigger synaptic changes, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), which are cellular models of learning and memory. However, in addition to LTP and LTD, more global mode of plasticity needs to be in place to provide stability to neural networks. Currently, they are examining molecular and cellular mechanisms of global homeostatic synaptic plasticity using sensory cortices as model systems. They found that loss of vision elicits global changes in excitatory synaptic transmission in primary visual cortex, which is primarily due to regulation of postsynaptic AMPA type glutamate receptors. Interestingly, vision loss triggers opposite changes in other primary sensory cortices, which we postulate underlies sensory compensation in blind. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying such cross-modal synaptic plasticity is one of the main research foci of the lab. In addition to understanding the basic mechanisms of how experience alters the brain, Dr. Lee’s lab is also interested in elucidating the events that occur in diseased brains. Alzheimer's disease is a devastating memory disorder that affects the social well-being of affected individuals. In collaboration with Dr. Philip Wong at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, they are analyzing various mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, especially focusing on the possible alterations in synaptic plasticity mechanisms. For more information go to https://neuroscience.nih.gov/neuroseries/Home.aspx

NLM Title:	Cross-modal plasticity of cortical circuits / Hey-Kyoung Lee.
Author:	Lee, Hey-Kyoung.
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): NIH Neuroscience Series Seminar. Our daily experience can trigger lasting memories, which are stored in our brains. Memories are stored ultimately by changing the way neurons convey information. More precisely, they are stored as changes in the function of synapses: the structures by which neurons contact and transmit signals to each other. Dr. Lee's laboratory is interested in exploring the cellular and molecular changes that happen at the synapses to allow memory storage. Combining various techniques, such as electrophysiological recording, biochemical/molecular analysis, and imaging, they are aiming to understand the cellular and molecular changes that happen during synaptic plasticity. It is well established that neural activity can trigger synaptic changes, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), which are cellular models of learning and memory. However, in addition to LTP and LTD, more global mode of plasticity needs to be in place to provide stability to neural networks. Currently, they are examining molecular and cellular mechanisms of global homeostatic synaptic plasticity using sensory cortices as model systems. They found that loss of vision elicits global changes in excitatory synaptic transmission in primary visual cortex, which is primarily due to regulation of postsynaptic AMPA type glutamate receptors. Interestingly, vision loss triggers opposite changes in other primary sensory cortices, which we postulate underlies sensory compensation in blind. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying such cross-modal synaptic plasticity is one of the main research foci of the lab. In addition to understanding the basic mechanisms of how experience alters the brain, Dr. Lee's lab is also interested in elucidating the events that occur in diseased brains. Alzheimer's disease is a devastating memory disorder that affects the social well-being of affected individuals. In collaboration with Dr. Philip Wong at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, they are analyzing various mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, especially focusing on the possible alterations in synaptic plasticity mechanisms.
Subjects:	Adaptation, Physiological Cerebral Cortex--physiology Neuronal Plasticity--physiology Sensory Deprivation
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	WL 102
NLM ID:	101718225
CIT Live ID:	26243
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=26243

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