NIH VideoCast - Epigenetics and plasticity in cardiac and intestine progenitor populations

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Epigenetics and plasticity in cardiac and intestine progenitor populations

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Air date:	Tuesday, December 6, 2011, 2:00:00 PM Time displayed is Eastern Time, Washington DC Local
Views:	Total views: 319 (20 Live, 299 On-demand)
Category:	Special
Runtime:	01:04:36
Closed captioning:	Check box to display CC outside of the video Note: You can drag the captioning window around and resize it
Description:	NIH CRM/SCIG Stem Cell Seminar Series: Dr. Epstein's laboratory studies molecular mechanisms of neural crest and cardiac development, with a particular interest in applying lessons learned from developmental models to the understanding and therapy of adult diseases. One area of interest relates to the role of the Pax3 transcription factor in neural crest cells. Neural crest can differentiate into a multitude of cell types including nerve, bone, vascular smooth muscle and melanocytes. Defects in neural crest, and mutations in Pax3, can lead to common forms of congenital heart disease. We have used mouse models to elucidate a molecular cascade involved in cardiac neural crest migration and differentiation, implicating members of the BMP, Notch, Semaphorin, myocardin and T-box families in this process. This work has direct relevance to the understanding of the genetic basis of congenital heart disease. The Lab also used neural crest as a model of stem cell biology, and we have identified adult neural crest stem cells that reside in the hair follicle and give rise to regenerating melanocytes. Here, Pax3 plays a critical role both in determining cell-fate specification, and also in maintaining the undifferentiated stem cell phenotype until external signals, including induced by Wnt signals, trigger changes in transcriptional complexes and melanocyte differentiation

NLM Title:	Epigenetics and plasticity in cardiac and intestine progenitor populations / Jonathan Epstein.
Author:	Epstein, Jonathan. National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Stem Cell Interest Group.
Publisher:
Abstract:	(CIT): Dr. Epstein's laboratory studies molecular mechanisms of neural crest and cardiac development, with a particular interest in applying lessons learned from developmental models to the understanding and therapy of adult diseases. One area of interest relates to the role of the Pax3 transcription factor in neural crest cells. Neural crest can differentiate into a multitude of cell types including nerve, bone, vascular smooth muscle and melanocytes. Defects in neural crest, and mutations in Pax3, can lead to common forms of congenital heart disease. We have used mouse models to elucidate a molecular cascade involved in cardiac neural crest migration and differentiation, implicating members of the BMP, Notch, Semaphorin, myocardin and T-box families in this process. This work has direct relevance to the understanding of the genetic basis of congenital heart disease. The Lab also used neural crest as a model of stem cell biology, and we have identified adult neural crest stem cells that reside in the hair follicle and give rise to regenerating melanocytes. Here, Pax3 plays a critical role both in determining cell-fate specification, and also in maintaining the undifferentiated stem cell phenotype until external signals, including induced by Wnt signals, trigger changes in transcriptional complexes and melanocyte differentiation.
Subjects:	Epigenomics GATA4 Transcription Factor Heart--embryology Histone Deacetylase 2 Intestines--embryology Stem Cells
Publication Types:	Lecture Webcast

NLM Classification:	WG 201
NLM ID:	101575994
CIT Live ID:	10815
Permanent link:	https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=10815

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